1916-04-07 — Page 7

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BRITAIN AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH.

[BY BIN EODERS HADFIELD, F-1.8]

GRIM ARCTIC STORY.

TRAIL OF DEAD MEN.

A graphic story was told at Hull lag In the valuable correspondence which month by two survivors of the Wilson liver cently appeared in The Daily Telegraph Sapple, which was abandoned in the Whits

British Trade and Applied Science," enu- siderable strass was laid, and rightly so, on Sea. There were twenty-two ca board the the extent to which the Germans had availed vessel, including Captain Martin, and only themselves of scientific aid in the develop three nie bekered to havo survived, viz., ment of their indastries. But I noted alan a tendency on the part of several writers Second Officer Ashford Jack Stokes (of to attribute to Germsay na impte superi Flamborough), and Bartin Hanhia (of ority in science as compared with this couHull). The three men travelled for four try which, in my opinion, dova not exist. On and a half day's over ice in the White Sen, the contrary, our antural capacity is. I undergoing terrible hardships, whilst their am convinced, greater than theirs, and the comrades, through physical exhaustion, any instances in which our actual achieve were unble to proceed and were left be ment has also been greater are the best hind. Eventually the three reached shore, guarantee for wider successes in the future and, after travelling fifteen miles inland, exonsion and consalidation of our indus were discovered iterally at death's dear by

Laplander,

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY APRIL 7TH, 1916.

CAPTURING ENEMY TRADE

RUSSIAN OVERTURES TO INDIA

AND CEYLON.

ALLIES TO SAVE AUSTRIA.

GERMAN PLOT AGAINST HER PRESENT FRIENDS.

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•AJIKINI

• TWIBODAS

Russian merchants are endeavouring to A considerable number of Gorman business climinate the German middle in their men are actively engaged in the adver- dealings with India and Cerion, and aretising of what is thown in Berlin at the taking steps to encourage direct trading Central Europe Idea," writos the A proof of the feeling precedent in Austerdam carry spendent of the Daily communication from Marew, which has in spite of the flourished phrases in which TJILATJAP

on this subject is afforded by a Depress. The scice is simple enough, and been transmitted to the Bengal Chamber of

the chief perpetalors are wons to concent Commerce by the officain Director their real, ains, its rondy means the gys louatic plundering of Austria-Hungary hy General of Commercial Intelligence. The to open direct

Germans and by Cornany merciauty of Moscow intend

exporters in The chief sport of the "idon is one commercial relationship with Indie, climinating the German middlemen Dr. Friedrich Naumann, a gifted pastor. who battened on the trade before the war once a member of the Reichstag, whom the With this object an organization of Russian electors failed to turn in 1919, when his maufacturers invites seat was goatched away from him by an merchants apd and prices of their commodities; and, in trying everything of late to get into the Indian exporters to send samples, terms, obscure Socialist. Dr. Naumann has been return, offers to furnish all possible infor- limtrght again, and he believes that his scheme of forcing Germany's ally into. In my own line of research-the science, The Supple et Archangel on November A few months age, the Russian Vice- of metallurgy--1 say unhetalings that 28th, and should have reached Hull about Consulate in Colombo received a letter suboussin will prove his Father-- Hormonny's advance has heen based ainst Christus. After leaving Archangel, said from the Chather of Export in Petrograd land's making let alone his own, entirely apon British, French, and Ameri-Stokes, the vessel, breme fixed in the ice, asking the Indian and Ceylon merchants to cah inventions and practice, most of the and after many days the crew abandoned communicate with the Chamber direct, and freely placed at their disposal, But for her ca December 241, As the ship com-M, Denisoff, the President of the Chamber these Germany could you have reached the morced to drift Captain Martin decided i passed through Colombo after visiting strong position she has done, Hey thanks

was time to clear out The jez around the Indian route for Austria in the course of for the knowledge so made available are ship was oft, thick On the afternoon of a tour round the world to collect inform the absence of any other booty, Roughly displayed by an exhibition of barberism Cliristess Day song of the party lay down tion about the establishment of direct trade annintched in even the Dark Ages,

on the ice and snow, whilst the rest walked between Russia and the British Empire. After long experience, I convinced shout. that we have never been indebted to Ger

trial prosperity.

semo twelve thousands me, where most

At nie p.m. (Stokes added) we started

mation from Moscow.

EXAMPLES QUOTED.

TRUE CHIVALRY. The plot has aaturally been peclaimed throughout the German Empire, and if it can be put through it is considered the it would alone make the way pay, even in

spanking. Austro-Hungary would be forced to accept a treaty of commerce granting Germany every facility and ad- vantage over Austrian exporis and i ports, and periting Gormon comunercial travellers, after the wat, to walk away" La exchange, Austria would get-wal, ex- actly nothing, exert military and financin help during the war.

79

away for a single basic principle. At to waik again, and kept on all right, as company's works in Sheffield geploying there was sovie, insonlight and the sters were of Oegion, anid the trade between India with wluit remain of Austrian commerce. at my worch work, extending over thirty out. At ten o'clock in the morning Can yeara, has been carried out. 1 am-dot aware tain Martin said. "I ennnot go any fur. that we have ang German process or anther," and gave the ship's papers and paratus in. I believe that we still other documents to the steward, but the have some Gerosan beakers in our labor stoward would not leave him, say

leaves. "I can't

Nine- tory, but I am glad to think that they ing, are now being replaced by English-made teen of us were therefore forend to leave th glass ware 1.

captain the steward, and one of the A.B.'s who absolutely refused to go further they were bent.

་*

yon?

YOUNG MEX FORGE AHEAD.

The results of these researches have been embodied in some sixty or more papers and contributing to the Royal Society, Iron and Stort Institute. Civil. Mechanical,

The ninetcon of us kept as it all that Electrical Engineers' Institutions, and several other scientific and technent bodies, day with short intervals for rest for the So far from the fruits of our research benefit of the older nien, One of the fire work being selfishly kept in our own laben fell into the water and he was nearly ratories, the knowledge obtained, has been frozen. His hands were stiff, and he could in due time mado generally available, hardly move his legs, We had to leave him As regards the discoveries and invention, hehind. The eighteen walked the whole of effooter and described in the way, then- the around night until four m, the next tioned, manganese steel, Low hysteresis morning, when the younger men forged steel, and many other special alloy steels ahead as the older hien were handicapping

have been adopted throughout the world since my first. Tron-Mungano.o Alloy paper was presented in 1888. That contribution was. indeed, practically the beginning of this particular bringh of investigation and many of these invention, have been adopted by Germanay herself. Whilst, of care, I fully appreciate, that country's energy perseverance, and devotion to science an equal tributs can be paid to ether nations, including our own.

them.

Mr. B. P. Kadointzeff, interviewed by the Nuwara Eliya correspoulent of the Times and Ceylon, on the side, and Russia on the other, was in times gone by conducted chiefly through German firms who acted as middlemen. In this conocetion Mr.: Kadotzeff quoted figures gathered from Russian statistical papers, ho said. Russia imported about 10.000 ton of rubber annually, and of this large quan tity only about 300,000 lb. were imported directly from Ceylon Russia undoubtedly purchased more rubber from Ceylon, but that care through German middlemen, chiefly from Hamburg,

For instance,

Mr. Kadoute next mentioned copra Russia imported about 80,000 tura yearly from Ceylon and Singapore. About hal that quantity went direct; the remainder was bought by Russin from Hamburg.

It will be seen," said Mr. Kadoratze, that Germany was not buying to much copra in Ceylan for her own etheumption, but for Russia as well.

In connection, is interesting to note that Ceylon during the period January 1 to February th of the present year exported 7.000 cat. of copra to Russia. During the corresponding period of last year the exports were mil.

Mr Kadontzelf next mentioned that Russia imported about 1000 tons of cocon." Ceylon exported none to Russia, the whole quantity being obtained through German channels in Hamburg and Bremen, regard to fute it was the meal Rusday requirements were secured from Hamburg and Bremen

What happened to uins of the othe,s who went on ahead I don't know, but the six of us kept on another day. The party now consisted of Se and Officer Ashford, Second Engineer MoAndrew, Third Engine Bartlett, the First Mato Mr. Bromby, and Hanhin, and myself. We had to drag the cook for nearly half a mile. He was badly, frostbitten and, wo cut up some blankets and tied up his limbs, He complained bitterly of the cold. After American and Continental writers have travelling further we sighted land, huted been good enough to say that my first rebroken ice and water barred our way, Mr. sight in manganese steel was not only im- Bromby was the next man to give up. On portant, but to use the words of Osmond by third day is conuenced to show and in the lealing French metallurgist," a dis-

the evening the chief engineer gaye. UP, covery which ranked equally in importance

LEADERS OF RESEARCH.

with that of the effect of quenching carbon steel, and was ony one of the same order. which it had been reserved for our age to trake."

saying he could go no further,

With

shall conclusively, prove to Indi The figures," Mr. Kadontzoff conclud

Russia can be greatly increased if the and Ceylon merchants that trade with Colombo serchants will make arrang

menta to deal direct with Russia.

STARVING BELGIUM.

NEUTRAL REPORT ON PEOPLE'S CONDITION.

WILL LEAVE]

MAKASSAR

SHANGHAI

KOLE

9th April

24th April

26th April

15th Ap-il

26th April

28th April

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The Germans a non foes, but they are worse friends to have, They have, of course, saved Austrin from a former Russian

invasion, and had, the acy of Francis Joseph (of which the King of Bulgaria is now a worthy field-marshat, by the way) been left to their own, forces, the remarcable change from its proton expect. TJIKEMBANG map of Europe would have undergone a The Geritas are already noxions, to be compensated for his help, forgetting, of course, that it was Austrian artilery that ARAKAN... broke the resistance of Antworp, and that Austrian troops have been systematically seal to every buy place.

on the westeru. front, in order to save us much as could be saved of the precious German blood,

The war is not over, and far from over; the brotherly armies of Germany and Austria are fighting jointly, and the blood

of the best bond in the tier Expiresof- Prey hus flowed in ons strenuo. Neverthe use, the Germans are already present ng the bil to their weaker friends, and ask: What are you going to do for me now 7 This is true chivalry, chivalry interwoven with a ruthless wase for business. The

Austrians, of course, are helpless. Tho

ove Germany unot only the compara tive and temporary safety of their own frontiers, but hard cash

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THE

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JAVA-CHINA-JAPAN LIJN,

MANAGING AGENTS.

[04

TAIKOO DOCKYARD

AND ENGINEERING CO. OF HONGKONG, LAD. TAIKOO DOCKYARD. HONGKONG. SHIPBUILDERS, SALVORS AND REPAIRERS, BOILERMAKERS BRABS AND IRON FOUNDERS, CONSTRUCTION ALL ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERS. WELDING AND CUTTING OF METALS BY OXY-ACETYLENB

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HUNGRY FRIENDS. They know that Germany would abandon them to the tender mercies of Italy and Rusin if they wey foolish enough to resist They must submit The clean of Central the demands of their hungry. Bersin friends,

attempts will be made, and to serious Europe will be put through; at least

opposition will be offered in Vieuns. Ministers, generals, officials, and probably Thug were only five of us now, and

also the Hoir-Apparent. Archduke Charles Third Engineer, Hartiets kept, calling for

Inancis Josepa, know that it means the water. His tulid began to wander, and.

end of Austria as a sovereign and indepen dent. Power, They admit it quite frankly, In respect to selentine progress in me he thought he was still on board the Sappho

We left him behind. Second Officer Ash- tallurgy, we admit that we are much in

but they cannot help it, and Germany. debted to France, though we owe no such ford began to despair of aver reaching

not having been in a position to attain her real war ajou and win the war st, the debt to Germany. I refer specially to the Jand, but we struggled on, and eventually valuable and painstaking work of Pro-

expense of ber enemies, is simply trying earon upon an abandoned steamer, the || "There would be wholesale starvation Fossor Henri In Chatelier, who by his re-diaroard of Glasgow, with paraffin on within three or four weeks if the importa to win it at this expense of her allies. Her searches hoy enabled us to carry out won board. We melted some snow for water and tion of food into Belgium were stopped.allies must submit derfully accurate measurements of high made some ton, and ate geme biscuits wo is the carefully consaurod opinion of Mr.

Everybody in Austria is not ripe for Lomperatures. It may, too, be added, and had with us. After remaining on the ship. Walcott, who was gent to Be Budapest both inled by the must narrow-by a date an

German slavery ts yet, and if Vietina, and eust not be forgotten, that Wedgewood, for twenty-two hours we set off again and by the Rockefeller Foundation to inves an Englishnan, -way several generations reached land. We travelled pyer show 3ft tigate the work of the Neutral Commis on minded and cowardly bureaucracy in sgo one of the lenders of research in this to sit doop, sld down lil's and waded for Relief, of which Mr. Herbert Hoover is Europe are always ready to dance to the direction. Later Professor Cullenkir and through water for fifteen hours.

chairman, The Rockefeller Foundation, of the Belin pipers, Prague is Dr Whipple, of

before contributing inther suns for the ablaze with protest and anger. The crague Mr. Charies R.

R At length Laplander with his slodge seven milions of belgians in the territory Chamber of Commerce, one of the most im Darling lately rest a paper before the and a reindeer tram discovered as about occupied by the Gera, des.d the report portans is Austria, has just issued an in- Society of Arts entitled Rent Proton iniles from Sosnovetz. We were taken of their onu representative, Mr. Wa.cout flamed donunciator of the Centrol Europe gress in Pyrometry from which it will to a village where a man cut away the was allowed by the Germans to go where he plot which has roused the whole of hosen that little if any credit in this blackened portions of our frozen, "feet.

liked and spent three weeks Visiting the Bohemia. The old anti-German forment in matter also could be claimed by Geruiany: Second Officer Ashford later underwens an more thickly populated districts in Belgium the former kingdom is spreading fast, and the feel ng is prevalent these that it is on the contrary, she has utilized British, operation,

and Northern France. French, and American investigations,

better to be conquered, by Russh or Italy than to be enslaved and ruined by Ger- many.

greatly to our knowledgdge, have added

PRODUCTION OF CHEAP STREL.

The Beginer process, from which Gor my has derived so wuch benefit, was oor tainly not invested there, The discovery of the basic steel process was also due to our chemists. Thomas, Gilchrist, and Bzou, and to M. Pierre Martin, in France. It is to this process that Ger mary is largely in fact chiefly, indebted for her developments in the production of cheap steel. Moreover, she obtained most of her ideas about metallurgical plant from the streams of German who visited our cousins over the water to pick up all the information they could whilst America was developing her steel industry. There w nothing improper in that method of acquisition, but gain it was copying, not originating

My friend, Dr. J. O. Arnold, in his excellent papalit entitled, "British and German Steel Motalurgy, has shown that the German melurgist, counot lay claim to any of the important modern discoveries As an engincorng point at may te is teresting to note that a creat deal of the fermay export, business has been developed by bounties, that allowed on steel rails, for example, amounting to as Buch as $1 104 per ton. Imagine what it would have been the metallurgien industry of this coun- try had boon supported by such énonnous bounties. I ara og speaking of the rights and wrongs of such an economic policy. but it is unfair conditions of this kind, ingluding, for example, the misuse by Ger many of patents in Great Britain, which have largely enabled Germany to fight us.

In justification of my statement, I may

commercially German husiness men were free to unten 'all markets, and jo make thơg proɓte wherever they could, without creat ine any ill-wi

KRUPP AND BRITISH PATENTE. With every word of the above I agree and as our hospitality has been abused, we must take steps in prevent a repetition of such ection in the future. A very shrewd naturalised Gorman in this couu try told me long befors the war that until we made up our finds to stop this unfair competition our fron and steel industries were bound to suffer, and could not make progress in the direction of much larger production,

Bir. Walcott way itch impressed by the efficiency of the relief work. He has recom- mended that any money intended for the

Even from a purely businese viewpoint, people in Belgiums should be entrusted to the Neutral Commission, The British the Prague business men comider any National Committee for Relief in Belgium,chens of ceptónio rapproliment be of which the Lord Mayor of London is tween Germany and Austria a dangerous

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BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE.

HONGKONG, CHINA, AND JAPAN, AGENTS Telographia Address :---"TAIKOO DOCK,"

NO MORE

-VALUPE OMR No. 917

chairman, works, with the approval of his piece, of Dongozi, us Austrian trade is 66

"CIGARETTE bound to be overruled by the German in So overwhelming proportion that a trusty m of commerce would have only Germany's advantage in view, while it would bring the final destruction of what the war will leave of Austria commusree,

Majesty's Government, in co-operation with Mr. Hoover's Neutral Commission,

"If any of those who evil at sending relief supplies into Belgium could only visit Belgium," said Mr. Walcott, and could see personally the plight of the suffer ing people, they would come back as eager for the continuance of this retief work as

now am lan

"Of the seven

It is difficult for anyone getting three ample meals a day, with plenty of fuel in the house, and living even in moderate Personally, I may say that Krupp has luxury, to comprehend what it means sud. worked a number of my own patenta, a denly to be reduced to existing on one meal, well ce many other British patents, co via day. That one meal in Belgium consists dantly he has not considered that he por of 300 grammes of bread-which is the sessed all the metallurgical wisdom in the equivalent of three dius-sized breakfast word. The late Dr., Geheimrath Wedd-rolls or three thick slices of bread and world. Her inte Dr. Grath Wild-

one half litre-approximately one pint of

vegetables. su made his millions in Begitu ihree millions are practically destitute, and the have to stand fi line from one to three hours a day for this pittores of food. The depots for distribution are generally bal large enough to accommodate between-30 and 50 people at a time, so long lines of the hungry extend into the street for a hundred yards or more. Most of those who will are so poor that they have no protection in the shape of an unbrella or a thick coat. against the discomfort of stormy days,

company's works in Sheffold in 1905 dar ing the Iron and Steel Instiinte meeting. there, that the research laborstory of the Hadheld Works is of a completenes which would serve as an example to every acr demy in Germany,

SCIENCE AND EDUCATION.

quote from a recent article, Co-ordination sign excelent suggestion tha tunate and the same redarkable efficiency in

of Bource for our Export Trade," in one of our leading fecha al papers. En gineering. The writer says:

Everywhero che (Germany) had found a fair field for her commercial efforts. In England her sots had been treated the equals of loyal subject of the Crown, although she had endcaspored to shut British products out of her own markete,

makes

FREE GERMAN - BULLY.

The Cologne Guzzise has referred to the protest of the Prague biz.inea muen, and bas simply ascribed it to ante war anti- German prejudice; but even the semi- oficial Cologne paper cannot deny that the Prague protest is forceful and contains much that is true. Still, the campaign for the entaving of Austria is pushed along, and it become pare and more obvious that "the only thing that can and will save Austria from Germany is the victory of the Allies." In spite of her sise and po pulation, Autos Hungary has become a saak Aation in the hands of Garnagy, and Gartenny tries to bully her. The Alle have set mat to way to see that no small nation will ever be bullied by the Germans. and what seems today paradox may be come true within measureable time; Ales will restore fob buly Belgium, Servis, and Metenegro, but beir trium- phant aring will see to it that the Berlin land and money grabbers keep their hands from Vienna, When this is due, the rea moral of this wir will have been given out to the world.

ther

Finally, on this question of utilising scientific knowledge to the nation's great advantage. I should like to refer to the most valuable letter which appeared in The Daily Telegraph of Jan. 25th, woder the

of A Ministry of Science When I arrived in Belgium I found the same intense zeal for helping the unfor Efficiency. Tu at the writer

al branches of the Commission. All the American delegates, and many of the office "I do not think it is quite realized bere forces throughout Belgium and Northern that many German authorities menly state.

that if relief supplies were kept from go Frampa, give their services without an not

into Belgium the Frenkugald then be recompense whatsoever.

As regards the suggestion that Germany able to take any Be ganz wp-ken into any way benefling, the whole ques- Germany where munition works and tion hra bon very thoroughly and impar factories, they would release GENT WORK tinly investigated by the Neutral Comisieinen for fighting and, to my mind, definitely proves that there is no steating of supplies by the best posib o adres

Ministry of Science should be established. Bolence is just as much subject as busi tess to advance and progress by duly pre pared and organiy methods. It is merely high and dry knowledge, but a living fome

I hope Efficiency's entpoestion will he taken up, as it is an excelled one. Why

is in

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