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BEWARE OF IMITATIONS.
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and formed into large sora Baby tad ta start scratching them and ber littles Feny would pour Elood. The right side all over was a mess of running . Also her head was covered with the same disguremont. We had to always keep boll of her hands bandaged up and I have ben compelled to walk the floor night ofert night whit her, not being able to see her suffering so much. "After using three cultes of Cuticura Soap and a large tin of Cuticura Ointment we noticed a great changa by this sores dry- ing up. She is quito clear and clean from any disfigurement at all.
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VEATINGO POWDER
IT SOMETIMES
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Mother! Morbar? Morber? Spriatie Kraitag's over me For I've been on a street car Kad taught a hungry fen.
KILLS BUGS
"A ALL INSECTS.
GRIMAULT'S
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THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, MARCH 7zz, 1916,
LORD HALDANE ON BRITISH PHILOSOPHY.
SIGNS OF PROGRESS.
Lord Haldane addressed the members of the Aristotelian Society at Albemarle
Mrá Bire Athol Auder. Mr A. Bolton Hooper Street, London, recently on "Progress in
aon and maid
Mr. Andyson Mrs. H. Armstrong Mr E. L Alkimon Mr F. W. Ashurst Mr H. Marray Mr J. H. Baring Mes E. Ü. Belikon Mr R. E. Bulili Mr C. D. J. Heil Mr C. W Berwick
Mr H. Diskortob
Mr R. J. Biebsou Mr.J. J. Bleeker Capt B. Branch tir R. Buolim. Mr. J. Barns Mr A Cairne Dr F. di Cineri. MedMis w. F. Caney Mr C. W. Chambers Mr.C. Chaospkin Mr 1, J. Cokely
ste de Cocorane Mr H. A. I. Conans Capt & air Ceaven MEN. Croucher Mr &am F. E. Davis Capt J. Dewar
Mesh Mim Etortion.
Mr L. M. Douglas Mis. B. Dany Capt J. B. Erac Me Van Exter
Me A. E. Veurnley
Mr James Finlay
· Me N. K. Fongaer
Capt & airs A Fraser Master Frenca
Capt. & Mr E. M.
French
Mr H. J. Frain Mr Denman ru lor Lt. & Mrs A: B.
Garrett
Me.Gov
Mr V. Gouldboarn Mr & Mrs J. Gold Mr A. G. Gordon Mr R. Grimshaw Capt T. P. Hal Mr & Mr. W.
Hannibal
Mr M. Horne mx B. L. Horrobia. Mr J. Huawert Mr W. W. Honfe Ma H, H. doward Mr J. St. C. Hunt (Capt L. Hunter Caps R. Innes MR. L. G. Jobason Dr A. P. Knoderer Mr G. Lauritsen Mr Celbourns Little Mr& Longtial
Ma K. Mackensie
Mrs B. R. Maon end Dr & Mrs O. Marriots Mrs McCullen and
child
Mm W. My Intosh' mr D. Moarray Caph W. MoGale Men M. McCleary Mr. B. Mo
MrA. S Much
Mr & Mre Nickelsen
and child
Mr J. Ormiston Mr & Mrs E. V. D.
Dr. H. G. Po-chin Capt B. I. Posting dr B. Par MFA
Misa F. Hogy
Mr E. H. Bay
Mr G.V. H. Bisch
CHINESE AS WARRIORS.
INTERESTING PAPER READ BH FORE THE CHINA SOCIETY,
of
of the combatants, may change from day to an expedition to modern Tong-King. The day, armaments way be altered by the downfall of the later Han Dynasty was doption of new invention, and the science flowed by a division of the Empire into of war of 2,000 years age be no longer three kingdoms, which division was again applicable to the present day, but prin- source of struggle and bloodshed. These ciples and arguments might remain the kingdoms tasted from 921-965, a short but same throughout the long range of history, exciting epoch. The Tang Dynasty (618- The Chinese as a Warrior in the Light In the first place, we cannot do better 907) is one in which the greatest poets and None Tre, the oldest military treatise of the sentimental and tired of warfare. of History" formed the subject of a paper than examine the celebrated work of Sun artists were produced, most of whom were rend by Mr. 9, G. Chang, lato of the kind ever rendered in European language, the less, internal trouble occurred many a Philosophical Research." Ho mid be | Admiralty and now a student in England, though not the oldest in China. No reader time; a Korean expedition was, sent, thought it wasg no reflection on our con- centration on the ano great subject which at a meeting of the China Society held at of any intelligence will condemn it because Turkestan was attackeil once, the Turcoman
of its antiquity, and a thorough study territory was invaded, and macie sport occupied the minds of the whole nation the Caxton Hall, London, W., on January will compel one to admit that though there the Empire. Moreover, the Tang Dynasty and would occupy it until the end was 27th. The chair was occupied by Sirare differences of expression there, are adopted the system of universal service, and reached--the war-that they should be
points of similarity in the doctrines of all the peasants were liable to serve in able to detach themselves for a brief Charles Addis
Sun Tze and those modern European the army. But contrary to the Emperor's space, and turn to problems which were
writers. The late Field Marshal Lord expectations that it would afford him pro- not limited by time or by space. It was
Roberts, in a letter to the translator of tection, the dynasty was ruined by military good that the reffective tendency should
Sun Tze, Dr. Lionel Giles, expressly stated anarchy and the overweening arrogance of have play, even for a short while, He
that many of Sun's maxing are perfectly army officers.. Applicable to the present day.” ¡âs ré costly June, 1915, Mr. Russell, in an article to The Times, actually made com parisons betiveen. Sun's book and German military treatises,
In the course of his paper the writer
said:-
War is no stranger to Chinese history; our race has not been immuine from the horror of destruction. The Yellow River has once been raddened with blood; the greep cornfield has been the scene of many battles; the manly youth has been bold, and willing to sacrifice his life for his country; the best brain bag been used in
AN ANCIENT SPY SYSTEM.
new realism was to him a very impressive producing weapons and in drafting plans. There are five classes of spies() locul records of Chinese battles may be, they
In the battle of the philosophical crevde there had been many affairs of outposts, but now it seemed to him that the two main forces were coming into real con. baet. A decision might be a long way. off, but they could ulready, as it seemed to him, discern indications of new and Sir Haridland & Lady great movements. Philosophy looked for
Saumuer
a tine as if it were at a standstill, but he thought that this phase was so rapid passing away that they might safely assert that notable progress was now being made, and that new positions were being steadily occupied by both sides. The struggle was, of course, between realism and ideal isu But hoth these natoes had changed their meaning, and were today uncertain in their significance,
Dr & Mrs Boatliff Mr C, E, Sayby Mr & Mrs J. R Shaw Mr D. a. She lim Mr & Mrs T. W.
Simmons
Mrs M Blade Mrs H. Spack Mr A. B. Sorensen Jar J. Stalker
Mr K. Takahashi Mr H. H. Taylor Mr. F. Tobler
& Mr A. Todt
Mr Toublet Mr E M. Tomer Capt H. Trowbridge
Me G. F. L. Barrison Mrs E. Gordon Hare
Hay
Mrs. Hicks
My J. A. Higgins Mr W. J. Hodge Men A. E. Hodgins
Med Men Wallace Mr & Mrs. P.
Wilkinson
Mr J.S. Wishart Mr J. F. Wright
King Edward HOTEL.
Mrs Russel Ainond Mr G.Bannerman BT và Alen thì bị thông Mr & Mrs A. Uoarne Mes Corbett
Mr O. Dinger
Mr T. N. Gregory
Mr B. Grieve
Mr T, Gunn
Mrn W. C. Pasamore Mr W. J. Pringle ra hai truong Mr J. F. Baid Mr G. E. Richardson Mes Robson Dr & Mrs S. Sams Mr F. D. Bliger Mr F. M. SowerS
Mr Mrs Hammen und ... Mru 8. Sylvester
Mr.
children
Mrs Wm.
Jackson Mr J. Joanston and
ohildren
Mr J. Josophi
Mr & Mr O. A.
Kolold
Mr A. Lambden
Miss E., Lambdas
ale W, D. L.0
Mias Masry
Mr D. Moore
Mr H. Murphy Mr & Mrs Nicholson Mr B. C. Norris Mee Newman
Mrs Bowdler
Miss Square Mr.K. Soper
Mr. E. M. 8.6igh Mr & Mrs E. F
Tawney and ann
Miss J. Tawney Mr B. Thornton
Mr & Mrs J. Tibosart
Mr
2
A
Mr J. Et Underwood Mr Van Vlich Mr & Mrs. G. Waters
Mr & Mrs J.W, White Mr D. H. Wichel
was impressed by the fact that British
: FUTURE' MILITARY DEVELOPMENT, philosophy had been making a great ad- vanor. For a long time we were behind
We did not lack bravery when we fought We were behind Dermany, we were not
the Europeans, but we did not possess their more than holding our own with France,
skill in the manufacture of armaments. and we were not making progress. In the
We were naturally at a disadvantage, hav- last quarter of the Victorian period there
ing only sailing ships to oppose to iron- was a movement forward, but the striking
Before leaving Sun Tze, I would like to elads and cavalry to withstand cannon movement of British philosophy had been
be allowed to say a few words on his fire. It will probably be said that, how- since the twentieth century began. The
methods of employing spies. He says: ever picturesque the art of way and the movement, for it embodied an attempt at to kill the enemy. Should the Creator pase spics, (b) inward spies, () converted aro, after all, things of the past. China, an advance on anything that there had sentence on all those who have killed mem-spies, () doomed spies, and (e) surviving though she has not decayed, line no mili- been before. Up till now idealism had heen on one side of the river and realismbers of mankind under the disguise of a spics." When he five kinds of spies aro tary strength empared with a modern on the other,
difference in nationality, the Chinese would all at work nong can discover our secret armed State, taking her area and popula
This I will ex- system, Having local spies mean, enplay.ions into consideration. by ou means have a chance of evading the ing the services of the innabitents of a dis-plain, and 1 shall also venture to predict Apart penalty. Should the fact that some optrict; having inward spies means making her future military development.
use of officials of the enemy by bribery from the Empire of the conquering. ponents have been killed by order of the converted spies means getting hold of the Mongals, which extended from the Chin State and under the cover of the national enemy's spies and using them for our own Sea to the Dnieper, and from Siberia to flag Honour and Glory, we Chinese, purposes; having dooned spies means doing the Indian Ocean, the Manchu Empire was certain things upealy for purposes of do- perhaps the greatest ever recorded in his viewed from our history, are fully justified ception, and allowing our own spies sustory. Cochin China, Barinah, Kures, For- in claiming to be of equal rank with the pected of treachery to know of them and mosa were at one time tributary to us, and, report them to the enemy. Surviving spies, in addition to China proper, we held, s greatest warrior even of the present day.
At the threshold of our four thousand finally, are those who bring back atali-we do at the present time, Oater and Inner
gence from the enemy's camp. The modern Mongolia, Manchuria, and Turkestan, years old history, the great Emperor, opy systers, as shown by this war, is most cluding ili, as component parts of the "Four-fifths of the area of the Hwang Ti, to whom the creation of Chinese claborately organised, and every nagin Empire.
able means has been applied by both belli-vast Asiatic Continent was under one characters and the invention of wheels and gerents. Sun's classineation may not be ruler, and his frontiors were well defend- carriages are attributed, attacked and perfect in the eyes of a toodern critic, but ed. The Emperor Kang Hsi, after attain.. suppressed the rebellious kingdom of Chih we can blushingly daim to have had ang his majority in 1671, devoted his energy
Yu, who, occupying the north-eastern advance of Germany 1.
system of espionage two thousand years it to advancing our culture and promoting After his the study of our literature. corner of the Empire, part of the present Chili province, had set him at defiance, A contemporary of Sun Tze, Wu Tze, Majesty's death. during the two reigns The magnetic compass, invonted by the
wrote another book, the Art of War," lasting more than a hundred years, pence Chinese, but improved by Europeans, owes from when I will make a few quotations, and solitarity reigned over every corner its origin to the war preparations of the Wu Tze said that the foundation of vic of the Empire, and prosperity was enjoyed great Emperor. Even before the time of tery is good government. In peace time by every one of his subjects. It was only this Emperor were drafted the eight din- it is only with an active, progressive gov. natural that this uniquely extensive pos graag of the Canon of Changes by En ernment which develops national wealth, session and excessive peace and happiness Briefly, the case was this, to peror Fu Hai (2852) B.C.). These diagrams educates and trains the people, and organ should have an enervating effect on the American were permuted into sixty-four by King ses communications, that war preparations warriors Ken (1150 B.C.), who also wrote an exe can be made possible. This doctrine uni-borrow the expression of au gesis on them. The seventh diagram of the versally and perpetually holds good, and statesman, we were then "too proud to sixty-four is called the diagram of the though this Chinese strategist may be the fight.". Assimilating our position to that army, in which we find the follow first man in point of time to put it into of the Roman Empire, we were too civilis- ed to struggle. Consequently, mishaps ing saying: The army.
coming concrete language, he is not the only man. forth, must act according to law, to appreciate its importance, for the betell us whenever we had to combat any if not ill luck ensues. If the army French Commandant, Monsieur G. Golia, European armed nation. is properly employed, good luck will issue, a the concluding chapter of La Trans- ani no blame will arise. The Emperor formation de la Guerre asserts that it is
Ever gipco tbo twentieth will then receive the favour of God to clearly the duty of politicians to act in No. govern the people." To the Ancients war conjunction with the military authorities
in China has given century, peace was one of the means of ruling, but by in the way which best conforms to the way to chas, and the love of peaco them it was.Dever encouraged lightly national faterests. War is always the his yielded to the fear and hatred of indulged in. In fact, war is waged by servant of policy," but once war is de humiliation. Reason and justice have been them not in the sense that it is a biological clared the Cabinet must not, except in case trampled to pieces before stronger bands. necessity, but because it is the only means ef necessity, interfere with the conduct of However vast an area, and however gorge of relieving people from the oppression of the generals in the field. According to the ous a raturai defence our Almighty God modern practice of Continental countries, has given us Chinese, many of our Gibral once diplomatic relations are broken off, tars brave been robbed by burglars with martial law (not military lawy is applic revolvers in their hands from our own able over the whole region of war, and the civilian owners. That which is the dearest his office to the Chief of the General Staff War Minister surrenders a grent part of to us for the national defeuce and subse
Lord Haldane went on to discuss the new realism and concluded by saying that we had reached a phase in the twentieth century in which realism and idealism were beginning to approximate, They were like line which were no longer parallel, but were converging, although slowly, and he hoped they would come together and not cross or cut each other. Perhaps before we came to that the two naines idealism and realism would have to disappear. It was well to recognise in the new realism and the older idealism two lines of thought along which there was considerable hope of fruitful progress
in the future.
INDIAN FRONTIER TRIBES.
HOW WAR HAS AFFECTED THEM.
Colonel Sir George Ross-Keppél, the Chief Commissioner vi the North-Western Frontier Province. Iuda, in his annual report discusses the effect of the war on the Borderland- Ho writes:-Tho deels pation of the war in August aroused less intérest and excitement amongst the frontier population than might have been expected. It was difficult for the mass of the population to comprehend the vast issues of the distant conflict. So such was understood, however, that Britain was engaged in a great struggle and the Cis-Border population had no nestation in giving their verdict on the issue before them regarding the maintenance of British supremacy. Fromises of service and ex- pressions of loyalty were evoked on all sides and were repeated, it may be noted here, on the anniversary of the declaration The enthusiasm of war in August, 1015. spread in some degree even to the tribel tracts administered by the Government
their vicious rulers.
wag maintained with universal service,
Will the offect be to annihilate the fighting power of China! The answer is decidedly
Up till about 200, B.c. the Chinese Army
Empire consisted of divisions of 900 mows At that time the agricultural land of the half acre) each, In each division one-
quently our national existence, is not in ninth of the land was the land of the Em-About contury later than Wu Tzout own hands. The treacherous Western philosophers have turned the world upside lived a remarkable general. Tien Tan, down with their fictitious and illusive perur, and the rest was let to the tenants free of charge, but on condition that they commanding the forces of the Principality statements.
The vast Continent of Asin should eu tivate and plough the Emperor's of Yen. Apart from the characteristics of which we Chinese inhabit and have pos land. Al the tenants of military age were courage, determination, and ingenious plan. esaud from time immemorial, is threatened liable to military service in time of need; ning, he employed tactical methods which with the domination of some alien races. therefore, in spite of the smallness of the then standing army, a big army could be have even been employed in this war.
sound romantic and inhuman, but which Should this world conflagration restere to put into the field within a short time of cording to a newspaper report. After is unlikely we shall be glad to retain our at the human race reason and justice-which and the offers of service by the militiaotice by turning the peasants into sol- this General had succeeded in enticing the peace-loving habit and to join in the moral
diers. One must remember that an army of 2,000 years ago was not such a scientific General Yo-1, for whom he was perhaps should war be the only means of achieving Prince of Yen to call back his victorious and scientific development of the world. organisation as it is at the present day. no match, by spreading the false news that our defensive ends, let us prepare for wor Training was an easy matter, and every the victor intended to raise his standard by all means and at any cost. one physically fit could use weapons and against his Prince in the occupied terri-
population of four hundred million souls, bear arms without requiring a long tory, he got together in thousand oxen, and working harder than any other nation, and period of instruction Confucius, being a fastened sharp swords to their horns and having a physical vigour equal to that of The greatest concern was, nevertheless, religious teacher, only makes scanty men- torches to thery tails. At the same time be the most warlike races, you, if you judge. everywhere oxhibited with regard to the tion of war. Nevertheless, it must be said attitude of Turkey, and it is a strong testi-that he implicitly admits that war is in various dreadful figures and images so that we can do to our foes who dare think of painted the sking of these animals with us from our military history, will see what Smlik Adam Mr & Mrs A. Findlay mony to the innate loyalty of the residents vitable, but should only be waged with those who saw them at first sight would humiliating us.
of the Cis-Frontier area of the province caution and as a last resort. He says that faint with terror. Having set everything that the outbreak of war with the Porte if a good man be allowed to teach people in order, he commanded all the torches
PEAT HOTEL
Mr & Mrs Usemishaal
Mr F. W. Cary Mr&Mrs C. D.Camilli Mr E. C. Gale
Mx
Gibson
Mr & Mrs B.A. Hala
Mr F. A. Haveland
MGW 1. J. R. Johns Mr Len Jouer
Mr N. Linder
Mr & Mrs H: Mainos
and ohiti
Mr W. E. Osborn Mr V. L. Perkins Mr C. Skott
Me & Mrs Grant
Bmith
Mr & Mrs A. S.
Sorenson
Mr. G. E. Stewart. Mr H. J. Vermar
Mr & Mr Vivian Findley Smith Mr&Mrs David Wood
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On Bale at the "Darts Pum! Office-0 "Erosal Raakalars:
the proposal of the Khyber tribes to furnish an armed contingent and the sub- scription by the Bannu Wazirs of their Tochi alowances for dne month towards the Imperial Indian Relief Fund may be cited in this connection,
a period
An interesting discussion
With
followed
called forth fresh expressiong of allegiance for seven years, they ny then be ent-attached to the tails to be lighted, and the initiated by the Chairman, who remarked of understood, looked nation of the bellicoso folly of Turkey people to war is to throw them away. The cordial expression of neutrality which questioned as to his choice of associates in Hanes behind them naturally could no: military empire. That get the authors pioneers. The oxen and cows feeling the forward to China taking her pluce as a had been made by his Majesty the Amir case he is called upon to conduct an army, stand still, but were obliged to advance at
was said, be believed, by one of of Afghanistan at the end of August was of
the Master (Confucius) says that he will the highest speed, breaking through every military strength was good government. quoted Wu Tee-that the foundation of materiaj valute at this crisis. In our own
not act with one who is unscrupulously obstacle on the way, until they died. The And if China were to begin by preparing territory we had the prestige of 60 years bold, and dies without regret, and that he enemy's trenches were consequently peneto take her place as a military nation, she peaceful and successful administration be.
must act with those who are thoughtful trated, and not only was the invaded and hind us. Across the border, on the other and cautious, who are akilful in adjusting occupied territory retaken, but the Ch4would be beginning at the wrong end He hand, the steps taken been fighting intermittently for as long a The life of Confucius fell within
of which were overdue he referred to the period who are supported by an exaggera in which the federal princes overruled the country. Similar methods, i.e. the driv. would be to enter upon those-refurins, wang ted sense of triba strength owing to the Emperors, and in which the kingdoms ing into the enemy's trenches of some fifty reform of the courts, of the currency, an importation of aring of reccet years and which had not yet been absorbed into the to by the Italians in this war on one occa- should have that strength which was the
bullaloes, are said to have been resorted
the security of the people-in order. China swayed by Mullas persistently hostile to
Chinese Empire often attempted to extend the Government, it could hardly be ex-
territories at the expense of these Princes, 510
strength of modern civilisation, and shoul pected that the war with Turkey would
With this general I must conclude the become strong, not in the strength which not furnish admirable text for It is an established rule that wherever
many independent and evenly balanced so-called fighting period of our history consisted in greater wealth, nor even harangues inciting to Jehad. Combination States gather within a limited area hosti Limediately after this period came Shih-greater armaments, but in a nobler system among the tribes was unlikely, but isolated
lities are bound to frequently occur. Huang or the First Emperor, who suceed of ideals and sepirations possessing the- acts of hostility appeared inevitable, and
ed in overthrowing the Chew Dynasty and people. The years between 770 B.C. and 255 B.C.
Local the realisation of this forecast was not deferred. In Hazara in Jandary Hindus saw the emergence of China proper. The aborted all the principalities.
autonpay was withdrawn, and the districts. into which bis Empire was divided came
£11
!.
years
Dr. Lionel Gilee said it might interest
Frontier Post, itself of no importance, but time extended not far beyong the Hwang under the direct rule of the throne. Tuderten by Lord Roberts in 1810, of which the part of a much wider plan for par injury, lo to the north, and not far beyond the impression that peace would reign for lecturer had spoken, his late lordship
The Yellow Sea The Shalonr Mulla of the Chagharzai Yangiaze in the south, collected a contingent of his tribe and bounded the east, and the western boun ever he abolished all armaments, and the singled out one saying of Sun Tze as time. The saying was that the art of de threatened to attack Oghli, a movement dary had not yet reached the foot of the conscription system had already been specially applicable to the nation at that which was prevented by the dispatch of Thibetan Platean. In an area half of that abolished by his ancestors some a military reinforcement. In the Mala possessed by our present generation, more before. This is the first epoch in which fence was to rely not on the likelihood of kand Agency on the outbreak of war the than twenty independent Principalities the fighting spirit of China declined, the enemy not attacking, but on our own Mr. George Jamieson, C.M.G., observed Babra Molla and Sarkanri Mulla of existed, over-ruling the Emperor, facing Nevertheless, he made himself a remarkable readiness to receive him, Asmar with others of less noe started an each other in arms, endeavouring to wipe ruler by building the Great Wall, which agitation in Bajaur which failed. Amongst each other out, and forming alliances when was intended to shut off all Tartars out that his best hope for the regeneration of the Orakzai the Mulus endeavoured to ever opportunity offered. These Princip side the Empire. This First Emperor China and the establishment of sound gov. proscribe Government service while the alities were never quiet for a single day or died after a short reign, and his son sawernment was to see the military spirit To meet these circumstances it the downfall of his mighty Empire, which revived, and take more hold upon the anti-British party in Kabul was not slow night. in dispatching agents with instructions to was necessary to find distinguished men was then divided and bold by several people than it had done for some time. A stir up trouble amongst the Afridis. On tacticians, strategists, inventore of arms-rebellious leaders, and was finally unified race which was prepared to fight for itself the Kurram Horder the unrest manifes ed mente, skilful diplomats all answered the under the House of the Han Dynasty. The would in time inevitably create a good itself in October by an open attack by the country's call to serve the prince or king two Han Dynasties, the former and the lat government. Maidan Jajis on Walaichina and after A study of Chinese history of the perioder, B.U. 206-221 A.D., saw some years of Other members having epoken, a hearty wards by the presentation of impossible under consideration would certainly en-peace, but the Tartars and the Hsiung-vote of thanks was accorded the leefazer-k demands to the Government by the lighten the mind of an army officer and a constantly threatened the Hans, who the motion of Mr. A, M, Townsend, and the Mangals. These were the results of the also that of the general reader of receptive despatched several expeditions to subdue Chairman was thanked on the proposal of
mind. The size of an army the nature them, and the Haas succeeded in tending Mr. Byron Brenan, C.M.G.
crisis
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