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BRITISH NAVY AND ITS WORK.

OUR SEA INSURANCE..

TWOPENCE A DAY PER HEAD.

[BY ARCHIBALD HURD IN THE

TELEGRAPH."]

" DAILY

Day by day passes and still the peace on the seas remains unbroken, save for the Docasional sinking of a merchant ship by the pirates of the twentieth century. The British Navy maintains its unceasing watch and ward, and no doubt a good many people are under the impression that it must be rosting a great deal of money. It is not suggested that anyone is dissatisfied or critical, for that would be treachery to those who are protecting us. The temper of the nation has been revealed by the reception of the Budget. But, still, the average man has anquestionably a vague impression that the Navy is very expensive, and that that accounts for the high rate of taxation which has just been nccepted by the British people with hordly The truth is that the Navy is not only not proving very expensive but is, in fact, the cheapest form of in surance which any country over obtained.

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 187, 1915,

investment at the rate of 2d, a day con- tributed by every person in the British Isles ? It is possible to answer such a

By

CLEARING OF LOOS,

48. HOURS' HARD FIGHTING.

when paticnco is the proper virtue. trast that we at home shall be mindful of the same truth. Exery campaign,

and anxious moments. Take even 80 small nad simple a business as the Sudan war of 1898, The situation after the capture of Berber, the possibility of a night attack before Onduan and various moments in the baith itself were all matters for anxiety. In an ordinary campaign those dificulties are known to the public, only to the general and his staff.

question only if we consider what work THE NEW ARMY'S FIRST SUCCESS. I even the most successful, has its slow the British Navy is accomplishing. this time everyone can mentally review the services which the Flest is rendering us and our Alics, for the subject is n familiar onė. It is feeding us, transport- ing our armies, giving us munitions, and generally supporting the Allies.

Had it not been for the British Navy, what would be the state of Europe to-day? Everyone has come to realise that it has stood as the insuperable barrier between Germany and the dominion of Europe, if Week not eventually of the whole world. by week these services are being rendered at a cost, which, if distributed over the white population of the Empire, would amonat only to 9d, or so a week.

LBY JOHN BUCHAN IN THE TIMES.

never

JAVA-CHINA JAPAN LIJN

REGULAR FORTNIGHTLY BERVICE BETWEEN

JAVA, CHINA AND JAPAN.

STEAMES

FROM

EXPECTED

·ON CE ABOUT

TJIBODAS

• TJILIWON 3,

BRITISH HEADQUARTERS, Sept. 28, The difficulties of the country between

In a war so vast as this, where every- * TJIKEMBANG Lens and La Basso require to be seen to

It is one network of thing is in large type, and anxiety is be understood.

hours, it is difficult to keep the baro little villages, collieries, roads, and rail-spread over dave and weeks instead of TJILATJAT ways, with strong defensive positions in

Conse every case, The German, bave improved meter of public opinion steady. its natural advantages by their laborious quently, one many repeat, even at the science, and undoubtedly they believed risk of being a bore, that the ordinary In man at home will do well for his GWB that they were impregnably placed. The Navy constitutes the cheapest insur-spite of our long bombardment our in-comfort to remind himself constantly ance police which was evor issued. Many fantry attack last Saturday seems to have the great and dominating facts of the householders pay much more by way of feong on them as a surprise, for prison-situation, to refuse to be dismayed by Another drawback for the the most successful campaigns Britain fire insurance, and the average working-ers were taken in every condition of un-delays and cheks, and to remember that man pays as much for his liquid refresh-readiness.

Mist and has ever fought have been full of de- ment, whilst his tabacco must cost him at Allies has been the weather.

No wonder the Ger- showers of rain have interfered with the pressing and even apparently hopeless last half as much.

Yet we have enrried inaneots. mans regard as with envy, which has work of artillery,

The best turned to hatred, when they know at how their first position, and the second can result of the past few days is the certain small an expense we are heing protected, won by the satile means. with the result that in the current year we proof we have got that no German field can afford to devote £715,000,000 to the defence is impregnable if we go about the armies which are confronting them, besides attack in the proper way. finding a matter of £423,000,000 for that the estimated sum for the twelve months -for leans to our Allies. The matter The cheapness of the may be left nt that. fn his Budget speech last work Mr. Me-

whowas his pre-British Fleet is one of the revelations of Kenna revealed that.

'the war. decraser estimated that the maintenance of the Floot would involve an expenditure in the current fiuncial year, which ends! on March 31st next, af £146,000,000, he had been compelled to revise the Estimate, and be calculated that £100,000,000 wonk!

a murmur.

INCREASED NAVAL CHARUEŠ:

When it is possible to tell the full story of Saturday's doings the British people will find that they have good cause for pride in the New Armies they have

since last

Old September, raised Regular battalions and Territorial played their part in the advance, but the central movement on Loog was entrusted The New to one of the new divisions, "BEGINNING OF THE END."

Army was in action at Hooge on the last in the Dardanelles, but Luog was its first clear success,

VICTORY.

be required, as increase of £11.000,000. FOLLY OF PREMATURE HOPES OF day of July, and it has suffered heavily That rise is equivalent to something over 30 per cent. No doubt, in some measure, that is due to the rise in price of what may be regarded as the elements of unval

power-ranging from ships plates and But we angle bars to bread and sugar. may hope that a part of it will be tran Iated into greater fighting power. In that event everyone will feel gratified, for we have learnt in these past months to realise that the Navy is in very fact our "all

t all."

CHARGE OF THE NEW

BATTALIONS.

BRITISH HEADQUARTERS IN FRANCE,

September 28th,.

the

The first glorious charge Made by oúr men from the Vermeiles nenes in the grey light of Saturday morning, which carried the right through the village of Lous and to the saunty of Hill to pe- yond it, will ever rank as one it ine must glorious exploits of the Brita Army,

Nothing could stop these heroes: the

trurenes were ading two German village fell first betore their irresistible onglaught, then a race across some open A DRIGADE'S DOINGS,

country, and they were in the streets of M. Joseph Reinach, who, under thy,

It is premature to write of hattalions Loos, some hand-to-hand fighting, with signature of "Polybe," has proved him and individuals, but the doings of one bomb and bayonet, and then ch out of self one of the most acute writers on the brigade may be chronicled, one battalion the village to the slope of Hill 70, ame It came under half a mile to the cast. A last desperate heavy fire as soon as it left its trenches. rush took them to the summit and some was, discusses in the Figars the "begin.of which led the advance.

The first and second German lines had went even beyond, until checked by ́a ning of the end."

The enemy's bat- been pounded out of existence by cur powerful earthwork defence with unsc- artillery, but the third was still partly rous machine guns. intact, and wire entanglements had to beteries had by this time begun to concÙN- cut under a constant fire of shrapnel and trate on the slopes of the hill, and there machine-guns. The infantry raced across fure our men were ordered to dig in thic flats, crossed the Lens-Béthune road, about 100 yards from the summit. Fierce

So far, execpt for Sunday and Monday, and were in Loos village before the fighting continued round the hill ali defence could rally.

slight. the leading battalion, the losses had been

The exact date of the beginning of the end, he declares, will be the day when the Germans shall have been driven com But £190,000,000 does not represent thepletely out of France and Belgiura, and war charge which the Navy-the Grand Hot until then, M. Reinach repeats his Fleet, with the cruiser squadrons and tor belief, as he has constantly asserted it pede flotillas, and the trawlers, mine in the Figaro, even in the days after the defents of Muns and Charleroi, in the sweepers, and patrol-boat--imposes on us There is, at any rate, deduction to be absolute certainty of the final victory

of the Allies. He explains:- : vale.

If there had been no war we should have had to pay something over fty million sterling for the support of the Navy. In the last year of peace the Estimates stood at £3,500,000 net, of £3,500,000 apart from the appropriationis in aid "-that hers

THE FLEET AND WAR PROFITS.

and

will not

the

while Krow.

the

SEARCHING THE DUG-OUTS,

Accordingly he crossed that panies. french and made his way into the second could see no trace of the attacking can German line, whence he caught sight of his men in the distance dashing through Lous.

invasion, but it is the very foundation of many recruits you are turn to make ficent observation station, and you will standing up in the open, fully exposed

How

need

New Army battalions played an im- portant part in the attack. Men who Lous had been shattered by our gons, had had no experience of real fighting My certainty is of a moral hud at the same time of a mathematical nature and it church spire was only a splinter sprang forward to the sound of the mora! because it is impossible that the Here there was a great rounding up of officers whistles with a dash and gai The scene in Luus that morning, in Europe which represents right should be prisoners from cellars and dug-outs. lantry that nothing could stop. beuten: mathematical because we and our Many machine-guns were taken, and gome Allie have the strength to win; our num-field-gung, mounted in concrete redoubts. deed, defies description. The assaulting strength The clearing of Lous did not take long. units left their trenches in the Vermelles material our

cease Some of the civilian population apparare a about 6.30, the enemy's parapet to went. The enemy's is, mas obtained by selling old ships, from have grown, and

Germanently still remained in it, and our men be clearly visible. As the whistle sound- first and second lines were carried with the Dominions, and in other ways-in to

in the hon, and by 8 o'clock the whole fact, money not voted by Parliament.strength and reserves are decreasing, I were horrified to find wonen and child-ed away the men

of the unit in question was in Logs, of the There was also a matter of about half aam als convinced that the determination ren cowering in the streets. million of expenditure by other depart which broke Napoleon's enterprises and

One British soldier, of small stature, streaming though the streets ments which the Admiralty regarded as those of Charles V. will break the Ger

The bayoneted three Germans and competed village.

all' Not surrender of 30.

The colonel of une regiment followed war will be long and difficult. contributing to our naval strength andans, but I have always said that the

Germans the

yielded readily his mon the moment the last was over efficiency.

Thus we reach a figure of £54,000,000 os redoubtable German beast of war is not

If I were asked to fix the probable date One big, solidly-built house still stood, the parapet. He gut to the first of the the gross sum which would have been de- easily mastered.

Suddenly a terrific voted to the upkeep of the Navy had no war occurred. The figure is only used in of the end I would not reply three years, and forced a shelter for some of our enemy's trenches, and, to his surprise, 1

or two years, or four years; I would give auxiliary details. this particular connection; for various the reply of Diogenes when asked by a shelling was directed on this building this we collected a batch of Germans reasons it could not be employed in any traveller How long will it take me to Behind it was a large dug-out, and from

I don't know, comparison with the naval expenditure of reach Athens?"

But the amount may be replied the philosopher, whereupon the One of our men found a still lower dug other countrics.

The village itself was protected by a If you busy telephoning to his artillery, and was taken quite legitimately as our aggregate traveller went on his way in angry haste, out, and in it a German officer who was

triple line of barbed wire of extraor peace expenditure, and if it be deducted and Diogenes shouted after him,

Loos is remarkable for possessing an dinary thickness and strength, the barb from the figure mentioned by Mr. Me are going to walk at that pace you will the cause of the sudden shelling

be at Athens in an hour." Kennt the remainder, is £136,000,000:

Tell me the quantity of shells, muri-enomous iron structure which our men being nearly an inch in length. The first tions, and guns of every calibre that the called the Tower Bridge or the Crystal two lines had been well destroyed by the It is visible for miles, and on artillery preparation, but the third stil But that does not conclude the inatter. British, Russian, French, and Italian Palace.

into soof Cassel. Such a place made a magni- The Navy is not only our defence against war workshops are making; tell me how a clear day yon can see it from the Hill stood, and this had to be cut by men

No diers-and it takes some

never persuade the British soldier that it to the enemy's fire. One mun said that German dead were in some places piled our present remarkable prosperity. Navy; no war profits to be taxed to the a soldier, a real soldier, out of the must

The general delight with which the The Chancellor sporting man; tell me alms to what extent was not built by a German before thin the trenches surrounding the town the extent of 50 per cent.

The Allies offensive has been received by exensed himself from making any close the General Staffs of one different armies war with this purpose in view. estimate of the sun which this new form have realized the extraordinary changes it escaped the attentions of artillery in up four deep.

For months past he opposing Armies of taxation will yigid. I calculated that the war has brought about; then I might the past has always been a mystery. he would get perhaps £9.000,000 in give you the approximate date, but then Tower of Loos was in our hands by those at home is readily understood hero. In Great Britain each man who o'clock on Saturday morning.

have been practically stationary, and now only.

MILL 70. Business men-par enlists shortens the duration of the war full effective year."

Our troops swept on castward towards that a real advance has come at last, and

in rieularly those associated with the ship in the same way, every shell made on this ping, woollen, coal, and other allied indus. side of the Channel shortens the war; all

This the slopes of the Hill of Loos-otherwise specially at a time when public opinion It of encouragement, such news is naturally tries-will bo surprised if the amount is interruption of work prolongs it..

It may be put is as clear as that two and two make Hill 70-of which the highest point is in Great Britain was perhaps

perhaps a milo from the village. not vary much greater. quito safely up to £26,000 900, for the sake four.

are soon forgotten. The position in regard to trench war is stretches north-east from Lens towards greeted with the greatest enthusiasm. Of course, this argu- of round figures.

Just In such heavy fighting as is proceeding ment as to war profits is capable of wide not less important, and it also is capable Pont-à-Vendin, and has a fat to about Expectations run high and past reverss extension, and might be applied to the re of mathematical calculation. I have seen three-quarters of a mile broad."

There are patches losses and the ranks must be filled up

The venue from Customs and Excise and to many French and many British trenches; under the far slope lies Cité St. Auguste, at present, the Army has to suffer heavy

which we captured at Vermelles, Ablain, a suburb of Lens

again with new blood. The gun, more many other sources of national and porcarency, and elsewhere. Even in rains of wood on its northern side.

So it

to harry the enemy, to break down his is better not to attempt to calculate the they seemed impregnable. Those fantas battalions, after this advance of well over over, must never lack shells with which

tie mazes of trench and sap, these forti- two miles, were beginning to

like grouse, and regimental units were trenches, to destroy his communications, fications which sheltered machine guns,

and to support our own infantry Muni- The impetus of tin workers, loyally as they have work these blockhouses, these villages and no longer distinct. That happens in any

a special No one will deny we are obtaining our woods transformed into fortresses, were prolonged movement.

How the advance carried them up the hill and ed in the past, must make naval protection at a very cheap rate. The once German; we are there now.

Sonetion of every kind; from rifle cartridges Navy is not only our bulwark against fava did we get there! It was first of all the gave them the summit, where ther pro-effort at the present juncture; umuni- sion, but it is our bread line; it carries our work of the artillery, but no matter how ceeded to entranch themselves. armies on its back over the sea-here, destroyed the line may be it still resists, entered a well-prepared work, but were to 15in. shells, must be forthcoming in

This is the moment for infantry, which too fow to hold it.

But here

The brigade held their ground till well ever-increasing, quantities, so that our there, and everywhere; it is our munition

still alone can give victory,

The old on in the night,

They were not fully men at the front may push forward as line, and in some measure that of our Allies; it is also our money-box, for the suc war has been transformed. cess of the recent War Loan and the ability classic method of infantry attack has dis relieved till the Sunday afternoon, at they would wish to do.-Henter. of the nation to pay cheerfully the new appeared, and now assaulty are made in least one battalion being sent back to taxes depend on the sufficiency and effi-one bound under crushing bursts of fire, a piece of ground, as the 2nd Canadian which go on over the successive waves of Brigade were sent back in April at It is Ypres.

The resolution of the attack It would have ciency of the Fleet

But it may be said that even £136,000.000 men hurling themselves forward. a year is a great deal of money. It is; but to these new tactics of artillery and in-cannot be overpraised.

fantry that we owe our victories,

Yet a year before nearly: in the world. it is considerably less than is spent every

We must look to the consequences of one credit to the most seasoned troops year in this country-on alcohol. The com these victories. This war is not the war-erery one of these men was a raw recruit parison is only of interest as in aid to a due appreciation of the relatively light fare of Jena, Austerlitz, and Waterlco, with all his business still to learn, and burden which the Navy is casting on the nor is it the simple siege warfare of Troy few of the officers had any previous

Sebastopol, and Paris; consequently, if military training. nation over and above the normal expendi- anyone has imagined at the news of the ture upon it.

victories in Artois and Champagne that

Today I saw some of these battalions the cavalry action consisted in a frenzied pursuit as at Jena and at Friedland, he in a little village behind the line;

The Germans are would have been hard to guess that they The matter may be carried a step fur-has been dreaming.

If health is not good, state cause; There are approximately 46,000,000 dug in on their second line of trenches, were only 48 hours out of a desperate The increase in the magnitudo

If suffering from blindness, deafness, inhabitants of the United Kingdom; the and from these they will have to be disbattle.

or loss of a limh, give particularsį naval war charge is equivalent to less than lodged by the same artillery and infantry of war seems to carry with it an advanes

What reilitary training (if any) have £3 a head for a whole year, or about 2d. a tactics which forced them to leave their in nerve power. This men talked with

State country of birth of yourself, your But the Navy, though it is being first line. It may be that they have a cheerful professional interest of what paid for by the people of those islands, is third line; if so, when they are driven they had come through, and their great-

father, your mother; defending all the Empire. There are just from that then the victory which is still est wish was to get the last news about

will become strategio, the position.

If born in a foreign country of foreign over 60,000,000 white subjects of the King only tactical

Everywhere in the Army is a new. seat and keenness. The men believe that parentage, are you a naturalised British -62,800,000 to be exact so that the Victory in modern war is much slower

If so, when and where was naturalisa- Certainly po annnal per capita rate for naval protec than formerly; still, there will come & tion in war which they would pay, if all day when we shall have fought the Ger- their chance is coming, and that a new subest?

A second schedule has to be filled in by paid equally, would be £2 3s. 6d., spread mans from trench to trench back to their cra in the war han begun. over the 365 days from April 1st last to frontiers; on that day, and not until then Commander-in-Chief could with more tion effected?

we shall have reached the beginning of splendid force to harl forward than that March 31st next.

Thus we reach the end of a calculation, the end. Do not let us talk yet of the which Sir Jol French now commands. all persons aged eighteen and upwards end of the war, but let us increase our They are wise, too, and know that an possessed of, or holding on trust, pro perhaps not without interest.

progress, and that there will be moments equally searching. Navy worth the money? Is it a good war patience and our tenacity in working for ladrance cannot be an affair of constant perty or in receipt of income, and is

victory.

sonal income-in fact, all of them,

sums which might be offset against the war charge of £136,900,000.

ther.

day.

WHAT EACH OF US PAYS.

Is the

"pack,"

INCREASE IN NERVE POWER..

WAR CENSUS.

HOW AUSTRALIA TAKES A REGISTER.

The war census to be taken in Australia asks for more laformation than the British onu did. The first schedule to be filled. in by all males between the ages of eigh teen and sixty asks for, inter alta, the State whether your general health following:- good, bad, or indifferent;

you hadt

JOB

WILL LEAVN

ON OR ABOUT

KOBE

MAKASSAR

JAPAN

BATAVIA

6th Nov.

10th Nov.

27th Nov.

JAVA

JAPAN

JAVA

SHANGHAI

2nd Nov,

17th Nov

12th Nov.

4th Dee.

* Wireless Tolograpby, The Steamers are aft fitted throughout with Electric Light and have sesommodation for limited number of Saloon Passengers, Ail steamers carry a duly qualified surgeon. Cargo taken at through rates to all ports in Netherlands India and Australia."

For Particolars of Freight and Passage, apply to the

York Buildings, 1st Floor.

Hongkong, 2911 Octoler, 1715.

JAVA-CHINA-JAPAN LIJN.

Telephone No. 1574.

THOS. COOK & SON,

TOURIST. STEAMSHIP AND FORWARDING AGENTS.

BANKERS. &o,

Head Office for the Far Esel:- 16, DEB VOUX ROAD, BONGKONG Skadusel, 2-3, Foochow ROAD, YOKUHAMA: 32, WATER START MANILA --Manila HoTAL. "

(B

FICKETS SUPPLIED & EUROPE by the principal. STEAMSHIP LINES 240

TRANS-SIBERIAN RAILWAY.

10KB arranged to ALL PARTS of the WOELD. BAGGAGE collected, forwarded and insured at lowest rates.

LETTERS of CREDIT and CIRCULAR NOTES 188UED and CASHED, FOREIGN MONIES Bzohanged,.

Cook's "FAR EASTERN TRAVELLER'S GAZETTE," containing Sallings and Fares from the Far East to all parts of the World, will be forwarded free on application,

CHIEY OFFICE-LUDGATE CIROUS ĮLONDON, E.C. Jongkong, 3rd July, 1914.

Your child

can be made healthier and stronger by giving SCOTT'S now. It enriches the blood and provides easily. digested nutriment for bone, nerve, muscle and brain formation. It pre- vents and overcomes the ill effects of whooping cough, measles, brou chitis, teething troubles and a host of childhood ailments. Accept only

SCOTT'S Emulsion

SOLD BY ALL CHEMISTS,

[1137

SANTAL

MIDY

These tiny Capsules

[596

FORTHCOMING EVENTS.

.TO-DAY

3 p.m.-Auction of Crown Land at Shaukiwan

West, at Public Works Dept.

Wednesday, 3rd Nov.

2.15 p.m.-Meeting of the Licensing Board

in the Council Chamber.

8.30 p.m.-A Concert by H.E. The Governor

at the Sailors' and Soldiers' Home. Monday, 8th Nov.

p.m.-Hongkong Corinthian Yacht Club,

Annual General Mesting,

9 p. Mr. Maurice E. Bandmann at the Theatre Royal-Horace Golden and Com

pany.

Monday, 22nd Nov,

Noon-Hongkong Cotton Spinning Weaving & Dyeing Co., Ltd., Meeting of Members at the Office of Messrs. Jardine, Matheson &Co., Ltd.

Wednesday, 24th Nov.-

Noon-Guedes & Co., Ltd., Meeting of the

Creditors.

HONGKONG

METEOROLOGIVAL

REGISTER.

Hoogkong Observatory, October 31s

Humidity......

Previous On Date On Dais

Dry

at

[st a p.m. 6. a.m 2.8.0.

Barometer Temperature.

29.77 29.87 29,80

77

63

73

47

64

56

Wind Direction ....... Force

NNE

North

North

5

4

Weather

oq

superior

to Copaiba, Cubebs, and Injec- tions -- CURE the same di- seases as these drugs in FORTY-EIGHT HOURS

LADY

without inconvenience.

Each Capsule bears the name. Paris, 8, rue Vivienne Sold by all Chemisia.

THE NEW FRENCH REMEDY. THERAPION No. 1

CURES DISCHARGES EITHER SEX, WITHOUT INJECTIONS

THERAPION No. 2

CURES BLOOD PO1807, SAD LEGS. EX EXUPI:ONS.

THERAPION No. 3 CURRSCIERONIC WEARNEDUNG, DIETAS, EUSK

BOLD BY LEADING CHEMISTS.

+37

59-1

Highest open air Temperature on 30th... 77 Lowest open air Temperature on 30th, 70

HONGKONG TIDE TABLE.

From 1st to 7th November.

HIGH WATER

Days of

Month

H'kong,

Maan

Thre

Height

LOW WATER..

H'kong-

Mean

Time

b. m. Et. in.

b. m.

ft. in.

Mon.

1m 1 57 6 4 11 3

2 4

No infer high-, nor low

water

Tues.

2 m 3 40 6 3 m 11 43 2 4

6 20 85.8 11 36

4 6

Wed.

3 m 5 963.

0 18 s 2 b

6368 5.8

Thurs.

4m 6 18

6.3m 29

3 8

6.51

63

0 51 a 2

Fri

5 in

1 232

Batur.

6 m 8

Вал

7 m 9 5 5 m2 45

CANEOD

MP ADDREASENVELOPE ID? SICURO

TO DE LECLERGNED.CO.

LOSDORFOR YOU HAVERSTOCK / TRY NEW B785) FORM OF WANT TO TAKE

SAYS ARE

THERAPION CASTING COre.

BLE TRAY THADF KARKED WODD *THIRAPINK" IS DY

+5TAMPAFFIXED TO ALL GEROINE PICKES

ON HAVING

1#ITOR TO Should Pareha HONGKONG TO CANTON BY THE PEALL RIVER,"

BOM

BY

-

CAPTAIN G. V. LLOYD, With Illustratiora, Maps and Plans PRIOR..........$1.78

On Balo at

Hongkong: "DAILY PERE" Offe

Dantess

· Monro, KotzÝ & Walsh, Ez Kours. Base & Co. Meur &. B. Wärsön & Co

6 2m 1 20 3

7 8 1 643

8 15 8 2 1 2 241 3

ON

SALE

AT THI

1900 HDI 17 00

HONGKONG DAILY PRESS

OFFICE.

NEW AND UP-TO-DATE PLANS OF THE SL-KIANG

WEST

BIVER

PRICE ONE DOLLAR Gving all the Important Towns en from CANTON to WUCHOW

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