1915-10-09 — Page 6

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THE HONGKONG BAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 9TH, 1915.

THE SAN'S SPEECH.

PETROGRAD, September 4th. The Tear's speech as the first meeting of the special conferences for the dis cussion of the organization of supply sad the manufacture of munitions was as fol

·lows:-

BRITAIN'S FOOD SUPPLY IN WAR.

THE POSITION OF FARMERS.

LORD' SELBORNE. ON THE ARMY'S NEEDS.

from after the harvest of 1910, and run to

the harvest of 1029. · That recommenda- tion was accompanied by a very careful consideration of what the effect of such is

It guarantee might be supposed to be.. mande recommendations for the machinery to set the guarantee in order, and to en- sure that the conditions should be full- ed. The report also dealt with such im- Lord Selborno - made' (to important portant questions as restrictive covenants, The question before the special co-speech at a meeting of representatives of and with the rate of wages of the agricul

the Royal Agricultural Society, the Centurul labourer. ference of national defence is the tral Chambers of Agriculture, the

Commenting on these proposals, Lord gravest and most important at the Farmers' Union, and other bodies, which Selber said-If these recommendations present moment. It concerns the more was held in one of the Committee Rooms had been made before the war they would speedy equipment of the Army with of the House of Lords, an

haye evoked great party controversy, and munitions, which are the one object für

Lord Selborne began by pointing out we should all have had our own opinione which our valiant troops wait in order that the war conditions would govern the about them, and the same will be trne to stop the foreign invasion and to conditions for the farmers in the coming though in a wholly different sense after- the war. I have no hesitation in express- bring success once again to our arms,

year. At seo we had achieved a completo Parliament, the present Session of and a final triumph if the German Fleeting my opinion that after the war the which I have convoked, has given me

whole question of our agricultural dari was not prepared to come out and fing economic policy of the food production at resolutely without the least hesitation down the gogo of battle. In all the minor home will have to bo rovised in the light of The only reply worthy of Russia, the land operations we had been successful ex reply which I have expected from cept in East Africa, where we had a soriot submarine experience. (Cheers.) The them-namely, war until victory' iv

ous rebuff last November, and where Navy have the submarine monaco well tu complete.

neither side had been able to achieve and hand, and I am not afraid of the Germans advantage over the other. With regard being able to interrupt our sea communa to the Dardanelles, the physical featuros cations during the course of this was, of the Gallipoli Peninsula presented the though they may be periodically disturb ed, But the question now is simply and most formidable difficulties to our Army, and it had not yet been able to secure those solely a war question, positions which enabled it to dominate the situation, He believed the German offi-" it is precisely the way in which this cars thought it impossible for our troops to be done that should pecupy your conto effects funding at all at Gallipoli. The ferences.

fact that they did so both at Cape Hellos and Anzac Core enabled us to take some | measure of their heroism and indomitable spirit. The presence of our Army in the Gallipoli Peninsula had attracted to it retroops from all over the Ottoman domin- ions, and so we had been able to render a real service to Russia by reducing the Turkish forces which would otherwise have confronted the Russian Army in the Caucasus,

I do not doubt that this is the voice theless, the great resolution we have taken implies the greatest intensity of effort on our part. This thought has become universal, hat it is necessary to put it into action without delay, and

of the whole Russino nation. Never-

This conference has brought together in the commons work of solidarity the Government, delegates from Parlin ment, from public institutions, and from our industries. In a word, presentatives of all business Russia.

Having entrusted you with complete confidence with powers of exceptional extent, I shall always follow with the most profound attention your labours, and will take a personal part in them if necessary. :

|

We have a great task before us. We shall concentrate in it all the human effort of the country. Let us leave aside for a moment every preoccupa tion, however grave, and oven if it should concern the State, se locg as does not essentially affect the present moment. Nothing must distract our thoughts, our will, and our strength from what is now our single goal→ | which is to drive the enemy from our borders. With this end in view we must make certain of the complete mili- tary equipment of our active Army and of the other troops called to the colours, This is the task which is now entrust- ed to you, gentlemen. I know that you will devote all your strength and all your love for the fatherland to its accomplishment. Set to work with the help of God,

THE WAR MINISTER'S REPLY. Canoral Polivanoff, Minister of War, in the course of his speech in reply, re viewed the measures taken by the special conference as originally constituted.

This conference invited to participate in its labours representatives of the nation on the brendest basis, including delegates from the Zemstvos, the Muniel palities, the manufacturing and indus- trial classes, and representatives of technical science. It did not confine it self to utilizing and extending the exist ing technion means, but proceeded to the creation of fresh munition factories. Considerable advances were made to pri- vate enterprises to enable them to manu- facture explosives, to increase their staff of skilled workers, and to transport their materinks in cases where territory. had been evnouated for military reasons in districts threatened by the enemy.

Such were the problems the solution of which had been irmly and resolutely sought by the old conference. The great and arduous task before the new confer ence was to develop to the maximum of intensity the measures adopted by its predecessor.

FARMERS AND A GUARANTEE. Is this or is this not a wise guarantes to give at the present time, in view of the great importance of inereusing our homo production of all sorts and not least of food-in view of the financial position, and in view of the drain of men for the Army and other matters! I need nos eny that the Admiralty were very carefully consulted, and all through the Government have acted in consultation with them, but shortly after this report had been te seived the agricultural returns for 1915 come to hand.

As compared, then, with 1913 there are at the present moment The German successes in the East of 600,000 more seres of whent under cultiva Europe were the successes of an efficient tion, or an increase of nearly 30 per cent; military organization, not of the German the increase in cattle is 384,000 and the soldier over the Russian soldier. The

increase in sheep 450,000. The figures for Russian soldier had been absolutely sub-cattle constitute an absolute "record," ja lime under circumstances more trying to view of these remarkable figures, and in an army than he thought had ever occurred view of the fact that it was borne in upor in the history of modern warfare. It was us that the call of agricultural labourers not unnatural that the Germans should to the colours would be very heavy in the feel elated. They bad achieved nearly half coming year, and in view of the difficulties as great a success by land as we had by with which the farmer would thereby be son: But we had supreme confidence in confronted, and in view of the super all our Allies and our own people. abundant harvests in Canada and Austra (Cheers.) It was true that there had been lia, and in view of the great financial omissions in the past for which we were stringency which we foresaw would pre- paying dearly, but it was also true that vail after the war, the Government de we had redeemed all our pledges tenfold.cided that they would not incur the addi- But I cannot conceal from you, be con- tional financial liability involved in the tinned, that we are still faced by a long guarantee. and grim struggle, and you must remem- ber that the set-back of Russia imposes a great burden upon the Western Powers in How are our Gallipoli and upon Italy. people equipped for this grim and terrible struggle? I believe no people over oxisted which by its temperament was more fitted to endure and to win through.. Cheers.) You know the heroism of our seamer and of our soldiers, but I want you also to think of the heroin and self sacrifice of the women of England and of the working men of England. (Cheers.) Among trade unionists and other working men there are selfish men just as there are in any other class of the community; but the great majority of these labour disputes do not arise from selfishness; they also from the want of the power of imagina tion, the inability to understand how the action of a small trade section in a par- ticular works may affect the fortunes of this great war.

£16,000,000 PER U.S.A. BRITAIN'S VAST TRADE GIFT TO GERMANY.

A strange situation is appearing as the result of the British Government's latest kind permission to let American importers receive goods from Germany in spite of the blockade. Immediately the blockado began a combination of German impor- ters in New York City started bringing pressure to bear on the Americam Government, which in turn brought pres sure on the British Government in order to get goods from Germany. The British Government gave way to the point that any German goods, which had been paid for prior to March 1st, 1915, would be allowed through the blockade up to June 15th. This liberty was well utilised, You read of the failures and of the thousands of cases of German goods being troubles, but you read nothing of what shipped. Next the German-American. the millions of working men who do not importers agitated to secure the admissions fail have been doing and are doing. An of goods ostensibly for the Christmas immense number of railwaymen have been trade), for which the money had not taken, but the railways are carrying now actually been paid; and the outcome of a volume of trade such as has never been this further pressure is the news now carried on our railways before, and thaabled from Washington that all that is strain on these men is very great. That now necessary is that proof of purchase is nothing but silent heroism, as necessary be laid before the British Embassy there.

In America this conceadon was known and as great a contribution to victory es

week in advance, An importer of In his speech M. Konlamzine recognized the work of the seaman or of the soldier. that an incompleto victory would mean: Think of the men in the dockyards and British goods writing from New York t for the country the continuation of it factories who have been working seven London on August 22nd, remarks: "It strange that the British economic dependence. This made it days a week and overtime and who fall does seem necessary that all should labour for the sleep" whenever they knock off Government should have given in in this [matter.” He states that Germen and equipment of the land and sea forces. work. The question at issus ja

M. Rodzianko, the President of the whether. brute force which knows Austrian goods to the value of £18,000,000 Duma, protested energetically against no moral low is

to are lying in or near Rotterdam ready for any idea of concluding peace before the be enthroned in Europe. Those are the shipment to America under these facilities enemy had been absolutely vanquished.

ideals for which we are fighting, and no granted by the British Government. mon or no set of mon in the whole country have their personal ideals, more, at stake. than the trade unionists. I would al most put it thus the struggle is between British trade unions and the super capit alist Krupp, and whether the trade unionists win or lose depends entirely upon themselves.

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WHAT ARE WE DOING?

Mr. J. D. Kiley, chairman of the Fondy Goods, China, Sports and Games section of the London Chamber of Commerce who was interviewed by the Daily Graphic, as follows: - The commented £16,000,000 which is represented in this concession is worth its weight to Ger- many five to tenfold, because it enables them to keep their factories alive. Mare serious still, the British nation to-day is very near to a money crisis with the United States on account of the fall of exchange from the normal 4 dola. 88 conts to 4 dols 50 cents to the sovereign, which financial authority asserts means a loss

COMING DEMAND FOR MONÉ MEN, The situation in which we find ourselves is going to demaad from every class of our community a greater and a greater sacr fico. The financial strain on ue is going to be very groad indeed, and there is going to be a demand for many more mon for the Army. I do not care what the system is to this country in exchange alone of

in this respect; whether it be voluntary £36,000,000. While this country is faced

with the problem of how to save even further loss, the Foreign Office seems to bave gone out of its way to enable Ger- At the many to re-establish ber credit.

or compulsory, many more men have got go for the Army, and from agriculture among other industries.. I hope those farms which have been nearly denuded will not be thoroughly denuded, at any time, moreover, as the Board of rato I have done and I shall do my best to Trado is begging British manufacturers to capture German trade, the Foreign take care that nowhere are what I call the Office is providing ways and weans for most skilled class of agricultural labour the Germans retaining their trade. era takon." (Cheers.) What I shall aim Some of the chief German manufacturers, at-and Lord Kitchener has been very remember, have got houses in America, sympathetic whenever I have conversed so that they will simply be sending the with him on the subject is to leave you goods to themselves. your foremen, your stockmen, carters, and

shepherds.. But if these are left you, inA GIFT TO GERMANY.

"I have done my best," added Mr.. many cases the rest of the work, if done Kiley, "to find an explanation of why at all, will have to be done by women or

our Government have made this conces by men who have not hitherto been en-

sion. The only thing I can think of is gaged in agriculture.

Lord Milner's Committee, with special that it is a supposol return for making reference to food production, said Lord Cotton absolute contraband. But if so it is not a return to America: it is a Erborne, had sent in an interim report gift to Germany. I have written to the which would shortly be made public, and Foreign Office to ask whether it cam be he took the opportunity to announce what true, and no doubt in the course of & the recommendations in that report were mouth I-shall get a reply. The idea that Subject to a governing paragraph-which the British Consul at Rotterdam can stated that the Governmert alone could satisfy himself that orders were placed say whether on a given occasion given for the German goods is too absurd. He measure was advisable the report recom could only do so if he went to the works mended that the farmers be offered a 45. in Germany, and even were that course

quarter guarantee on wheat, to begin feasible he would be hoodwinked."

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