SUBMARINES IN THE
MEDITERRANEAN, GERMAN HELP FOR AUSTRIA,
ACNVITY OF "STS.
TUY THE S
"NAVAL CORMSPONDENT. ]
The new on revival of under water netivity, in Addie appears to be
SITUATION IN FLANDERS.
INCREASING WASTAGE OF THE GERMAN ARMIES.
[Y COLONEL F. N. MAUDE, GR, IN THE EVENING, STANDARD."
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 23mi, 1015.
DARDANELLES OPERATIONS.
THE BRAVERY OF THE TURKS
One of Reuter's correspondents on the 10th ult, writing of the arrival at Malla of more wounded from the Dardanelles, said:
confurace by the antonnenent that the ply to the German method of attack by of May 2 and 3, being wounded in the
front.
I had occasion to interview one of the Untile tre ready with an effective re-
wounded. He was present at the attacks ain prepared to
·latter engagement. Referring to the British Engin of Athers his offered a asphyxiation (and I
assert that many are known if we choose reward of fur information which
to them); the public must be prepared engagement of Biny 2 he said that the miny result is The capture or destruction
and continued almost uninterruptedly of hostilo sub It is not only that for the announcement of occasional flucano commcased in the early morning, the Austrian Flolla appars to have tuations in the line of trenches at the until sunset, with undiminished tenacity. "We were occupying one long line of been augmented, from German sources,
I would most earnestly impress on my trenches," he said, with the French bub there have een statement to the
We easily checked effect that German boats have entered the readers that such feruations exercise no operating on our left.. Mediterranean through the Straits of important influence on the general pro the Turkish onrusb, and punished them Gibraltar. The torpedoing of the Longress of the campaign, and afford not the severely, yet they continued attack after
Our Head-attack. Gambetta on April 27th was remarkable feast ground for anxiety.
Towards evening the Turks, in over- As sing lai. Austrian naval officers quarters, both French and English, judg have been gaining in experience bying from the last instalment of Eye-whelming forces, made what was certainly letters, have taken the full the most violent attack of the day, and practice. They have probably been Witness
measure of all this method of asphyxia- tried by sheer weight to break through our advised by their German Allies that
Again and again they advanced tion involves, and will be perfectly able line. lurking tactics are the most profitable.
The boat which sank the French to adapt their policy to the new condi-in, serried lines, led by German officers, only to be hurled back with terrible armoured cruiser most likely came out of tions..
losses. We awaited their approach until Cattaro, and had been hanging thout in
There is no particular marit in the line they were well within range, then volley the Straits of Otranto fur some limo. It was evidently known that thereabouts of frout we hold, and all that does matter after volley was poured into them, while our machine guns simply moved them. a patrol was likely to be stationed to to the final decision is the spirit and deter guard against the exit of raiders from minotion of the men who hold it, and the down. The Turks behaved most gallantly. They staggered and fell back, bu the Austro-Hungarian Flent. In that only result of permanent value which has Fleet there are several very fast cruisers arisen from this fresh breach of internn-soon returned and resumed the attack in the ann close formation with un- of a type similar to those which Germany tional law has been to stiffen the backs.. hand upon the ocean trade routes. The not only of the men of all three orios abas fierceness. Again there were steady at the front, but so assare in Great Britain volleys from rifles and machine guns and Novara and her two sisters, which are improvements on the Admiral Spaun, the supply of all recruits we are likely to the Turks were thrown back in disorder. to were finally reduced are credited with a speed of 97 knots, need; a result, by the way, the very opporThe attacks gradually became less persis and, therefore, although they are not site of that which the Germans hoped to
Different points were, hog powerful enough to meet the Franco-attain. It appears now that the artillery skirmishes. British cruisers, they are the sort of lack on the forts of Metz by the French ever, kept continually on the qui vive vessels which could make things disagrees not merely an answer to the bombard during the night, and when morning ment of Dunkirk, as seemed to me to be dawned wo found the Turks again wady. able if they tried to emulate the exploits the case at first, but is the beginning of to attack in force, although the previous of the familieh daring the war between Turkey and Grecce. They might also, if movement long in contemplation, in evening had proved most costly,
pursuance of which the French have they succeeded in getting away net brought up hoaxy nazal une capable of mother hip to submarines.
There seems to be no doubt now that making a short work of the armoured enpolas of the German defences as the Germany has supplied her ally with some German howitzers made of those at Liége. larger and faster submarines than she But, as have often pointed out, no gen- formerly possessed. The Austrian boateral advance will be attempted as long as 774, with which Lieutenant von Trapp the entry continued employ their pre sunk the Leon Gambetta, was the largest sent methods of expending their men in submarine in the Austrian Navy, and she fruitless efforts against our positions. has only a displacement of about 280 tons, Whether these positions are half a dozen n surface speed of not more than 12 knots, miles farther or nearer to the coast than and a radius, of about 1,000 miles, There
at the present moment is of no importance Lore she is comparable with the early whatever; all that counts is the number of boats of the "C" type in the British Cermans who fall in front of them.
Since the war began there has bren alded the captured French boat Cric, which was caught at the mouth of
HOT VI
THE ESSENTIAL POINT.
tent,
and
The enemy again delivered a series of the most violent attacks in close formation. They Our fire again exacted a most heavy toll, but the Turks seemed irresistible. pressed their attack home with incredible stubbornness. Every bullet found its mark, but numbers commenced to tell..
Fix bayonets," when finally the order. passed down the whole line, including the Frouch, and in an instant thousands of bayonets glittered in the sun, and the whole Allied force left the trenches and dashed like e solid wall of steel against
the attackers.
SHIPPING IN PORT.
STEARIKILS.
ANYO MALU, Japanese str., 1,298, K. Yamamoto, 18th June-Wakamotau 12th June, Coal.--Order. Bamona, British str., 1,877, F. G. Pittam, 9th June-Bombay 4th June, General. -Jording, Matheson & Co. CHANGSKA, British str., 1,463, F. O. Gam
brill, 16th June Melbourno. 14th May, General, Butterfield & Swire
INDIAN AFRICAN LINE.
Cargo carried a through-alls of Jading from HONGKONG BEINA DELAGOA BAY DURBAN (Natal), BAST LONDON. PORT ELIZABETE sad, CAPE TOWN with trauchipaset at COLOMBO ta sme of the INDIAN AFRICAN LINE..
PROPOSED SAILINGS
Counseling with "KATHIAWAR"
FROM HONGKONG :
P COLOMBỜI 23rd June,
17th July. -EXCELLENT ACUNMTUCDATION TOK 1ST AND 2ND Chase Passo MAUT
CHAOCHOWFU, British str., 1,145, Wolf. ORIENTAL ATRICAN LINE.
14th Juno-Bangkok 8th June, Butter- field & Swire.
12th June-Karatsu 5th June, Coal, CHINGCHOW, British str., 1,195, J. Doyle,
-Dodwell & Co. Carrers, Chinese str., 1,177, Wm. Reiss, 9th June-Shanghai 5th June, Glen.
eral.---Chinese,
CHUNBANG, British str., 1,415, C. J. Mai- tock, feth June-Saigon 14th June, Rice Jardine, Matheson & Co.
་
DA MARU, Japanego str., 662, T. Koni- shi, 10th June Haiphong 17th June, Rice Osaka Shosen Kaisha. DERWENT, British str., 1,926, A. Jenkins, 17th June-Saigon 13th June, Rice and General.-Obinese.
MARU, Japanese str., 1,029, T. Okagaki, 13th June-Moji 7th June, Coal-Mitsui Buasan Kaisha.
1,896, A. C. Ken- nedy, slet June-Sandakan 15th June, HINSANG, British
Timber and General. Jardine, Matheson & Co.
Fuxu
18th June--Penang 8th Jane, General. HONGWAN I. British str., 2,060, J. Mason,
-Chinese.
French
A str., 739, HONGKONG,
Marguerite, 21st June Haiphong ITOLA, British str., 3,402, R. 8. B. Butter, 18th June General Harty & Co 18th June Calcutta 9th June, Gen- oral.-David Basscon & Co.
19th June-Vancouver 1st May, Gen- Ixios, British str., 10.220. G. L. Stout,
cral-Butterfield & Bwire- KWANGTAH, Chinese str., Stewart, 12th
Chinese. June-Shanghai 5th June, General- AwANGLER, Chinese str., 1,408, J. Mo
...
Regular Dive Sorvin from JAPAN, CHINA MA DTRAITS to DEIRA DELAGOA BAY, DURLAN, KAST LONDON, PORT ELIZABETH 3 CAPE TOWN, olling et ·MAMITIUS en route, auü „f'oding Boy Quickest Freight S Transport from the ORIENT 2 BOUTH AFIICAV
PROPOSED SAILING.
From loagkong:
•
"BALAMIS” 20th June. MADAWASKA" 25th August.
FIRST CLASS ACCOMMODATION For FasETUJUDA
FITTED WITn Wishless'ELXGRAPHY,
For itrier of Freight and Passage, apply to
THE BANK LINE, LIMITED,
MABAGI ÁGanes.
"ELLERMAN"
LINE.
(ELLERMAN & BUOGNALL-STRANSHIP Co., Lan)
JAPAN, CHINA AND STRAITS
TO
UNITED KINGDOM AND CONTINENT.
For
LONDON & LIVERFOOL MARSEILLES & LONDON
Steamer "NETHERBY HALL" "CITY OF RANGOON”
Subject to change without notice.
For rates of freight and further information apply to
Hongkong, 15th June, 1915.
Sails.
..... On 23rd Juïe..
On 26th July.
THE BANK LINE, LTD.,
GENERAL AGENTS.
[363
Arthur, 19th June Shanghai 18th June, Gegerak-Chinese. KoGSANG, British str., 1,428, W. F. Bichard 15th June-Shanghai 9th
TAIKOO DOCKYARD June, General-Jardine, Matheson & THE Cb.
1,350, Wm.
AND
ID ENGINEERING CO. OF HONGKONG, LTD. Benson, 21st Jane-Shanghai 18th LIANGCHOW, British st
June, GeneralButterfield & Swire. TAIKOO DOCKYARD. HONGKONG. 20h June-Weihaiwei 14th June, Gen-
SHIPBUILDERS. SÁLVORS AND REPAIRERS, BOILERMAKERS LINAN, British str., 1.356, E. J. Pottinger,
oral-Butterfield & Swire.
BRASS AND IRON FOUNDERS, CONSTRUCTIONAL, LODORER, British str., 2,003, B. L. Coats, 8th June Dalny 1st June,
ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERS. Bean Oil-Dodwell & Co.
WELDING AND CUTTING OF METALS BY OXY-ACETYLENE AND ELECTRIC SYSTEMS.
Pola harbour at the end of December last, rate of wastage in the Germian ranks enemy before us in utter confusion. Their MANCHURIA, American str., 1,363, A.
and which is quite a hundred tong larger than 75 She has born renamed the Zenta, after the light crnirer which was destroyed by the French Fleet on August 16th
FARER IN THE AEGEAN,
"However deadly our fire, the Turks appeared able to withstand it, but they Wo had no stomach for the cold steel. The essentia point is to ensure that the charged again and again, driving the should be maintained, as calculated by retreat was covered by big guns, but the French General Staff four months ago nothing could stop the impetuosity of Many of the Turks fell on namely, 260,000 a month.
If possible,our charge.
Our regiment alone cap precipitately. it should be increased, and all our obser their knees and surrendered. Others fled vation point to a considerable mounting
regiments were equally successful."
Dixon, 14th June San Francisco 15th May, General-Pacific Mail 8.S. Co. MEXICAN PRINCE, British str., 1,05%, R. MacDonald, 19th June Singapore 10th June, Bulk Oil-Asiatic Petro
leum Co.
up during the time that has elapsed since tared over 130 of the enemy, while other MOBESY, British str., 1,339, J. Fothering. |
that estinate was framed.
The beats which Germany is said to have sent overland by tail are somewhat
As the French rezumé pointed-out-at- larger, and have been transported in four the time it was written, no data at all had sections. f, also, Germany has actually come to hand as to the German losses in sent one or mor beats through the Foland, and it is now considered that Straits of Gibraltar, it is probable that along the whole Polish and Carpathian these are the heart she has available fronts, not only have the losses from siek- and that they have a large sea-kotpingness been very heavy, but the rate at which capacity. All these boats could operate
the Germans have fallen in front of the from the Adriatic against the slips of
Russian trenches and in their counter- the Allied Fleets at the Dardanelles, but attacks has been auch heavier and more they could hardly do so with success, widely distributed over the whole army for any length of time, without being than on the French side. Further, not provided witli bases of supply. Such much less than one million of fresh troops bases might be found in some of the out-have been sent up to both fronts since of the way islands in the Aegean, but in February last, which reduces almost to that case it may be hoped that the reward vanishing point the total of even partly offered would be sufficient to put the trained nen available for filling up vacan- cics in the older formation. If in Janu- Jocal fishermen and the crews of the small trading craft on the alert. If this were done, it ought not to be long before suchary, when the German wastage was only basos became known. On the other hand. a cruiser like the Novers might prove more difficult to locate, as she certainly would be more difficult to catch.
0105
It is fairly certain that no German submarine could make the Dardanelles in voyage and have any effective radius at the end of it. Either, there- fore, these boats must find supplies await- ing them at points agreed upon in advanco, or they must make for the Adriatic in order to replenish their fuel. In the latter case, it is in the Straits of Otranto that there should be a good chance of spotting them, provided an effective patrol is-maintained.
THE GERMAN TORPEDO,
About
THE COTTON. SITUATION
IN RUSSIA.
According to the report forwarded from ascens Consul General John H. Snod grass, the prospects for purchases of Ameri- Cazi cotton by Russian mill owners are not the most satisfactory just ans, for the reason that it is almost impossible to secure private consignments, either through Archangel or Vindirvatok, at the present time. All govern. ment meders take absolute precedence, and the harbours and railway lines are BD con gested that the authorities declare that it would require some months to clear up the situation, provided po acklitional consign- Since the Russian government has reserved ments were received in the meantime. 260,000 a month, ten meaths of war would suffice to exhaust all resources; clearly, for its own use all the boats on the Northern Dwina, from Vologda to. Archangel, import- then, after four months more at a higher be unable to more goods by river to rate, on resources diminished by ore mil-Vologda during the open season. It is not lion additional enrolments, the end must likely that the government will be able to come much sooner than the French then unble-track the line from Vologda to Arch- anticipated.
angel before the end of the ecason. Many At the present moment the most reliable firms are using ledges to transport goods information as to the numbers of German from Archangel, but this is exceedingly cost- troops in the Carpathians show that inly, and will not probably be maintained dur round figures some $30,000 combatants ing the summer inomths. Considerable Amer- have been under fire, week in, werk out, ican cotton has been received by Russian mills, but they all find it extremely difficult to get their consiguments through, and, uc for the last month or six weeks. 150.000 are in Poland and East Prussia cordingly, they have decided to wait a while fighting and suffering, but less constantly at least before duplicating their crters. engaged. About two millions more are According to the latest report published in Belgium and France. In view of the by the Central Cotton Committee, the intensity and continuity of the fighting in Russian cotton crop of 1911 amounted to the East, and the known losses inflicted on 1,002,938 bales of 000 pounds each, as them in the West, it is imposible to compared with 210,23 les gathered in escape the conclusion that this 260,000 a 1913. During the last two years cotton month rate of wastage is being largely growing in Transcasia hos ceased to develop, and the exports of cotton from this exceeded.
district have decreased by 14,400 bales in 1914, as compared with the record of 1911. The reason for this dearnase lies not only in unfavourable climatic conditions, but also in the reduction of the cotton acreage. In Turkestan, on the other hand, constant progress is observed in the cultivation of During the season of 1913-14 the votion. exports of cotton from this territory increased by 11 per cent, over those of the preceding reason. According to the Central Cotton Committee this development is the natural consequence of the inermuse of cotton to prices continue, since the growing demand for cot ton, excealing as it does the American supply, will at least prevent prices from declining.
The fussian Ministry of Trade and Indus- try has applied to the Cotton Committee of the Ministry of Agriculture for information,
GERMAN STRAGÖLERS, -
Some doubt has been expressed as to whether the Lusitani could havo been sunk by a single torpedo. The evidence certainly points to the use of more than one, but, at the same time, as long ago as February last the Scientific American stated that i had been informed on good
The alternative is that the Germans arə authority that a special type of torpedo
This attacking with far less vigour than they had bees designed for submagines. torpedo is only for use at short distances before displayed-a conclusion the men at and weight saved in other ways has been the front warn us not to accept, though put into Lizh explosives, of which each the order against stragglers, picked up or recent battlefield and quoted by Eye torpedo i reported to carry not less than 120 b. The effect of the explosion of this Witness," together with many other in amount of T.N.T., especially if the d'eations in his more recent letters, are torpedo forced its way through the side strong evidence in its favour. But either to any distazes, would be sufficient to acclusion is cially in the good as far as thanx the mat diracture of the wa nos cone-sped, der if the men fight vesel to such an extent as to neutralize unwillingly their numbers are rot of any advantage from the special protec-mach significance in the feld, excent in tion which might have been fitted against so far as they throw on the German leaders
The variable the dingor of collision. effect of the German torpedoes has already been referred to here, and if the foregoing is accurate it would afford an explanation of the different results which have been reticed. In any case, it did not. Feed the ingenions invention of the authorities that lo German neval Lusitania was blown up by her own ammunition to explain the sudden and the torpedo complete character of explosion.
he ones of foeding and moving a large accumulation of asserviceable mouths.
I remember in 1693, when the increase first, as to what quantity of American cotton of the German Arny was under discussion is now expected to arrive by way of Archan - the Beichstan n distinguished Corman-gel-second, at what period it ny be ex- officer said, in discusing the whole eeted; third, for what districts and what nestion of voluntary su compulsory firms it is intended; fourth, at what terms service; Alter sites seem a poor delivery is toe made, and, ifth, if any measures have been devised by the manufac kind of system which obliges us to feed.
turers to secure means of transportation from and more a whole million fven about in order to be sure that we shall have 100.000 Archangel by the water route. The Ministry of Trade and Industry is also collecting data in the fighting-line at the decisive point" There is no problem of the war more He was referring to the tendency to concerning the imports of cotton.. interesting or important at the present straggle which had been so characteristic time than the provision of an effective on the battlefields of the 1870 war, and for method of meeting the attack of the sub which the slang term Massendrückerber- marino and its deadly missile Ifaswerthurs" had been-invented. seems probable, the later German boats carry athwart ship tubes as well as those in the bow, their effectiveness has been increased, and the question of the tactles nuployed to baffle then must be affected thereby All the later bontà, morcovar, soem to be capable of firing orpedoes when running awash.
The Daily Eanres states that the mem hers of the Coalition Cabinet have agreed
to po their salaries, so tall excep th Premier will receive equal remunera-
tion,
FORTHCOMING EVENTS.
TO-DAY Neon-Hongkong Tramway CA td., Odinary Ganeral Meeting at the Offices of Meters. Jardine, Maison & Co. Ltd. 5.30 p.m.-Polo Match at Causeway Day in
aid of Belgian Orphan Fund.
ham, 17th June Bangkok 9th June, Ries Order. PANAMA, Danish str., 3,300, A. K. Soye mann, 17th June-Port Arthur, Kero- sine Oil-Thorcson & Co. PHIANANG, British str., 1,022 II. Flash- mar, 19th June-Bangkok 11th June. Rice, Butterfield & Bwing.
str. 7,021, U. Phonerneus, British
Jensen, 20th June Bangkok 13th Fune, Rice-Thoresen & Co. STANDARD, Norwegian str., 294, Johannesen
18th June-Bangkok vin Hoihow 19th Jane, Rice-Thoresen & Co.
TAMBA Manu, Japanese str., 3,803, P.
Nogosue, 20th June-Shanghai 17th June, General-Nippon Yusen Kai sha. boom, 16th Jane Singapore 9th June, TRIGONIA, Dutch str., 1,050, F. J. Vyge. Bulk Oil.-Asiatic Petroleum Co. TerOTAU MART, Japanese str., 1,529, 8.
Yamada, 16th June-Chingwantao 9th June, Coal.-Order.
TANGAN MARU, Japanese str., 1,429, G.
Nishikawa, 19th June-Hongay 18th Juno, Coal-Order. TurGGHAN, British str. 9,509, G. W. Muir, 10th June-Chingwantao 3rd June, Coal-Dodwell & Co. UTRECHT, Dutch str., 1,094, J.-O. Anker. 17th June Singapore 9th June, Kero eine Oil.-Asiatic Petroleum Co. WINGSING, British str. 1,517, T. H Lishman, 21st Jane Newchwang 14th June, General-Jardino, Matheson &
Co.
BONGKONG ESTEOROLOGICAL
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Hongkong Observatory, June 22nd,
Barometer l'emperature Humidity......
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