1915-06-22 — Page 7

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HIGH EXPLOSIVES. USE IN MODERN FIGHTING. [ny run "balLY TELEGRAPH'S MILITARY CORRESPONDENT. Į

BISHOP OF LONDON AND THE FIGHT FOR FREEDOM.

....

CALL TO THE NATION.

NUTING AS USUAL."

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, JUNE 22ED, 1915.

deciding upon the next stop, that the chosee lies between the sacrifice of, everything which retards operations or the sacrifice of our own flesh and bloed, look upon theso 200 young lives given every day as slaughtered by those who da.not sacrifice anything which could enable them to be Saved

speak strongly, because if you had Been those broken boys coming out of the trenches before they had been dressed, sacrificed to the slackness at home, you would feel warm.

this

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war; if we do not win, we have lost every-CHINHUA, British str. 1,206, J. V. Bidford, ORIENTAL AFRICAN LINE.

"We have not wou, nor nearly won, thing worth having in this world; we have faill our women and children--they will be treated as the Belgian women and children have been-nay, we have failed God in the day of battle. Yo sacritice is too great, no cost too immense, no fortitudo too persistent to save the world from the irremediable disaster of losing at one blow konour, fretom,

The Bishop concluded by moving a resola- the Church's duty to inspire the nation to tion, which was carried, declaring it to be concentrate upon bringing the war to a suc- cessful issue.

The Bishop of Willesden moved a resolu: tion commending the action of France and Russin, regarding "ardent spirits," ani calling sures for the restriction of the sale of strong drink by licensed retailers and in clubs during the time of the war and for a reasonable time after it is ended.",

18th Juno Manila 15th June, Gen- oral-Butterfield & Swire.

-Dodwell & Co. CHINGCROW, British atr., 1108, J. Dogie, 12th June-Karatsu 6th June, Coal. CRITTI, Chinese str., 1,377, Wm. Ross,

0th June-Shanghai th June, Gen. eral.-Chinese. CHUNSANG, British str.; 1,418, C. J. Mat tock, 18th June-Saigon 14th June, Rice. Jardine, Matheson & Co. DAIG MARU, Japaneso str., 662, T. Koni shi, 10th June Haiphong 17th Juns, Rice-Osaka Shosen Kaisha. DERWENT British str., 1,025, A. Jenkins, 17th June-Saigon 13th June, Rics and General.Ühinese.

•

Keer since the German army burrowed into the ground after its retreat from the Marne

The Bishop of Loudon delivered a stirring to the Aisne the war in the West has assumed Ji. has no longer hern

speech on the subject of the war in presiding peculiar character. a struggle in the open field between marching on the ath ult, at the opening of the London columns striving to outmancuyu one Diocesan Conference,

It must not be thought, he said, that other, but an interminable light for the possession of ditches and breast works, which stretch from the North Ses Cost to the font cuise they met there in that quiet way of the Vosges. As time passed, and the same they were ignoring the fact that Europe was rocking to its foundations, and that another twelve months might alter the whole trenches were liek in force by either side, us pains were spared to improve them. They constitution of the work: The cry which was were widened sometimes and always deep raised at the beginning of the war to keep ened,

unless the water previnted it." Communications between the fire tirees the nation from excitement, Business as

proved a most mischievous ar and religion." usual," in front and the supporting line were made cotic. The real cry should have been "Noth- so that troops could relieve one another without exposure Holes and excavations ing as usual, for there bad never been such

The least thing that was being deckled sheltered officers and troops, and provided a day of God for a thousand year. Nang magazines for ammunition. Telephons and that was great enough in all conscience connected up the different lines and posts,was the future of the British Empire. Our so that the opposing forces face one another answer to the accusation that we were a behind an almost impenetrable maze of fortifications. To render these more secats robber Empire was to point to the transports Australia, and India with enthusiastic they are covered by a network of barbed which poured over from Canada, New Zen-upon the Legislature to "adopt drastic mea. FUKURA MARU, Japanese str., 1,029, T.

as loyal to the Empire as we were wire entanglements, which must be pierce

The bishop went on to refer to a gathering The deadly nature of quick firing guns of 10,000 Canadians, which he addressed dur maxims, and magazine rifles bas conferred sing his recent visit to the front. That sight, great an advantage on the troops which cantire apor their opponents in the open, that these said was far more than a personal greet the Empire is fourlol on tyranux? unprecedented tactics have bemate genual, it was the standing answer to the lie whenever on army halts for several hout You had only to look at those free, fresh takes up a defensive position, and quite faers to see the folly of the accusation. Who unprecedented weapons have been brought could tame these children of the pmirio? into play in consequence.

A British division on the outbreak of war They had come to say, and to say it with was equipped with only eighteen light their lives, that we had given them freedom, howitzers out of its seventy-two pieces, and & four-gun heavy battery of 4.7 guns.

The difference between field guns another's son would lay down their lives before howitzers lies in this: A field gun fires with great muzzle velocity, and the shall traveis approximately straight, or, at any rate, the curve of its trajectory is slight. A howitzer fires with a much lower velocity, the path of the missile in the air is very carvel, and it has great penetration on falling owing to its steep descent. Howitzers can fire shrapnel shells, but more often throw shells filled with high explosive.

by an attacking column-ecking to capture

hostile trench.

BASY TO MANUFACTURE.

The motion was carried by 195 to 51, a amendment approving the Governmunat pra- posals and urging the adoption of the French cafe system in England boing lost.

SIX ESCAPES.

that they loved Great Britain as the free NINE MONTHS IN ENEMY COUNTRY. love the Mother of Freedom, and that every

The Daily News of 17th May, published a Great Britain, would become a German prostory sent by its special correspondent, Mr. in how gallantly many of them G. Steward, from the Belgian frontier. If have ready done it.

ODIN OR CHR7

Far more is at stake than the future of the British Empire What is being fought for to day is the freedom of the world. It is all very well for the copper kings in America to stir up opposition to the only policy which can end the war, but they do not represent the nation. In sentiment we have America with us heart and soul, and, moreover, they are shrewd enough to see that what is being I wonder how much respect a victorious fought out is the freedom of the world. Germany would pay to the Monroc doctrine? If a soleum trenty to which they have them selves scnted is a "scrap of paper," of how much value in their eyes would be a theore tical doctrine set up by the people of a nation about themselves to which no one in particular, and least of all Germany, has

At close quarters in the trencher bombs are slung short listances by guns of special con- struction called by the Germans "Mingwer fer, and they are fitted with high explosive Ca striking, their explosion shatters and kills everything within reach of its stroke, which varies with the charges, but they are not the principal weapon upon which troops depend, From afar the batteries have to prepare all the actions of the infantry, and the dificulty of doing so is great.

If the shells full short they are very likely to hit our own men, and if they are not only subscribed at all? the mark they to little or no harm. The lack of high explosive missiles with the Anny in Flanders is ofheinly stated to have caused the fails of more thma que importanteen The manufacture of shells is comparatively ensy, and does not dewand plant which takes a long time to set up, and which may delay the production of other weapons such as small crins. There is, in fact, no dificulty whatever in supplying our Array, which is small as yet in comparison to the gatisral front, with all the high explosive shells it fequior. With the manufacturing resources of Britain and America at their disposal, our authorities should have no important hind- rance in meeting the cry for the right sort of projectiles.

Kivó quovement.

gns.

And if Armerica could not resist, what about the snailer nations in the inunediate path of the all-conquering Power? General Bernhardli may tey and explain away as much as he likes his famous phrase World Power or Downfall." but it is too late to alter the issue which his teaching induced his country to raise, and every lover of humanity must pray at are answered not by the downfall of the German people se u people, but by the downfall of the ambitious, overbearing clique within then who finally perstrated the greatest and has now crime of modern history,

is the Odyssey of six men who were cut off from their regiment during the retreat from Mons, and for nine months since bare eluded the Germans in Belgium.

For fire months they lived in dug-outs, actually in the midst of the German Army. They passed the whole winter mostly under ground, constantly hunted, and with little food.

For one month they lived in a hole in a field, with German farriers shoeing horses on they were led through a screen of searching the other side of the fence. On two occasions Germans by the scouting genius of one of their number. Private Jamieson.

Now that they have crawled through the barbed wire fence into Holland their one back." desire is to reach France and get "their own

GARRIGHAN'S STORY.

James Garrighan, one of the men, whose memory was aided at points by his comrade Jenkins, told me the history of their adven-

tures.

"There were seven mon with nis," he said. "We were absolutely surrounded, but we managed to hide in a ditch, where we stayed all night. This was August 26. Next dock only two fields away from the Germans morning we found ourselves in a little pad in the very middle of their lines. So we ing low all day. Then eight, Franclanen crawled orchards, and lived on pears for ten days. up to us. We hil most of the time in By then we were a party of twenty-one eleven French and ten English.

Okagaki, 13th June-Moji 7th June, Conf-Mitsui Bussan Kaisha. HatoitinG, British str.. 1.267, W. O. Pass-

mo, 20th June-Foochow 17th June, General Douglas, Lapraik & C€5.– HaNoi, French str. 7,039, Le Chevalier,

20th June Haiphong 17th June, General-A, R. Marty.

Hovawan I British str, 2,000, J. Mason, 13th June--Penang 8th June, General: -Chinese.

ITOLA, British str., 3,402, R. 8. B. Butler, 16th Jane Calcutts 9th June, Gen- eral-David Bassoon & Co IXION, British str., 10,90, G. L. Stout,

19th June-Vancouver 1st lay, Gen- oral-Butterfield & Swire

16th June-Moji 12th June, Coal- Divid Sassoon &. Co. KWANGTAH, Chinese str. Stewart, 12th June-Shanghai 9th June, Gercral- Chinese.

JAPAN, British str. 3,087, C. P. Seddon;

Arthur 10th June-Shanghai 15th Jube, General-Chinese. KWANGLEE, Chinese str., 1,409, J. Me-

Bichard, 15th June-Shanghai th KWONGSANG, British str., 1,428. V. F June, General.-Jardine, Matheson & -Co.

20th June-Welhaiwei 14th June, Gen- LINAN, British str., 1,356, F. J. Pottinger,

eral Butterfield & Swire. LODOREL, British str., 2,053, B. L

Coate, 8th June Dalny 1st June, Bean Oil-Dodwell & Co. LOKSANG, British str., 979, D. W. Ritchie, 16th June-Haiphong 15th June, Gen oral-Jardine, Matheson & Co. Dixon, 16th June-San Francisco 15th May, General.--Pacific Mail 3.8. Co. MANCHURIA, American str. 1,363, A. MORESBY, British str., 1,358, J. Fothering

ham, 17th June Bangkok 9th June Rice. Order. PANAMA, Danish str., 1,300, A. K, Boye

mann, 17th June-Port Arthur, Kero- sino Oil-Thoresen & Co. - PERANANG. British str., 1,992 H. Flash-

man, 19th June--Bangkok 11th June, Rice-Butterfield & Swire.

SUNGKIANG, British str. 1,600, J. Robin

"We were desperate for want of food, and we decided to make for a village and fight to the last man if we met any Germans. Twelve Germans caught two of our French comrades and bayoneted them without ST.

hid in a barn. mercy. We made our way along a railway line through a forest into a village, where we

UNDER GERMANS KOKEN,

“We got into a field and stayed there for a month, with the Germans shocing horses

A farmer gave us in the next field and many more only six fields away. We dug a sort of trench along the fence to hide in. three weeks under the noses of the Germans. civilian clothes, and we worked for him for

We are looking forward, as Christians, one there can be no brotherhood of nations lay to a great brotherhood of nations. But when the whole world is kept in a It is simply a question of corect calcula- tion, and not only of andering enough, but state of unrest. when swords are rattled of providing a broad margin over and above in scabbards, when a treaty is only binding what is expected at any given time. Theif (as Treitscle distinctly teaches it suits constant tendency is for the intensity-and-the nation to keep the treaty, if all the ares of the fighting to increase, for the dowly built up Christian ideas of how to vention are set at nought, if once again enemy to go on strengthening his fortifica. carry on war enshrined in The Hague Con UND tions, anul le continues to prepare for us new

women and children are driven before troops and barbarous surprises queli as his poison if innocent civilians are tally and hourly In the use of artillery aamunition the being murdered by submarines, if suffocating gases, condemned by every nation at the officers commanding large units of the army Convention, including Germany, are used in exercise nu all-important influence. Ni thinkable supply of shells on any given front warfare for such a policy to triumph is to is inexhaustible, owing to the rapid rate of put back the clock of civilisation for 1,000 fire which modern guns give. Therefore years, and to write it large before Heaven over be and earth that Odin is greater than Christ, and that it was a mistake for any nation to economy of ammunition

cling to an effete superstition which had dispensed with.

Economy does not necessarily mean a shown itself out of date in the world of the stnal consumption, but it does mean a superman, profitable consumption and a care not to waste hy useless bombardments at wrong targets and on useless occasions merely perhaps to soothe the nerves of the senios oflicer in a given sector of the defence Moreover, the question of tmnsport has to be carefully adjusted, for shells, particularly shells for heavy howitzers, are bulky, and give trouble to bring up to the fighting line.

can

· AVOIDING WASTE

WAY OF YENGEANCE.

"We had to clear again, so we divided into three parties. My little party of eight got into a field, where we made a dug out. We lived in this for a month, stealing out at might to get food from people in the village elose by.

IN A WET DUU-OUT.

"This time we lived in a dug-out in a fich It was terrible weather, The Bishop proceeded to quote extracts for two months. from Clermo soldiers' diaries regardling atro-raining nearly all the time. We had to keep cities by the Germans. "Shall such infamybailing the place out nearly all night. remain unavenge asked his lordship, were pretty nearly starving. We decided to "Never, while there is a God in heaven, and change quarters and live above ground. We nation brave enough and devoted enough made another trok, and lived for nearly a month in a hut we built in a corner of a field. to do His will."

Then a Belgian guided us to a village.

What happened next must not be disclosed,

win Grefer that fira may produce its maxim vengeance be left to God? and (2) can war but it was their fourth attempt to cross the

He did not for a moment shirk two issues which might be raised at once: (1) Should not ever be right! Vengeance is mine; I will frontier, which succeeded. gus

repay, saith the Lord," but in what way, as a natter of fact, had the Lord repaid in the course of history? Practically always through man.

of efficiency, there innst be the c touch butween the line of rear and the line of infantry in front. The commanders of each arm must under stand one another's character and methods, and it is all-important that the telephonie communication should not fail in the crisis of

For the first six months the six dating: fugitives wore their uniforms ander civilian clothes.

hid

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"I tried to bring home the fact in a leading journal the other day," proceeded the Bishop, that, in addition to those who fall sick, 200 early as the Manchurian war the fighting lines crouched in arrow ditches, or occupied are killed or wounded every day even when mud villages as pivots of the line of battle, no battle takes place, chiefly because of lack and the necessity of howitzer fire, with a steep of ammunition to keep down the fire of the angle of descent tal a fairly heavy projectile enemy.

"What does this mean? That the nation filled with high explosive, was felt. The

Section of the German must be mobilised at oner, not that all can Military collectol all obtainablyevidence go to the front, but that the whole thinking General Staff

subject, and the German Army was power and manual labour of the nation must without loss of time provided with the fore during the war at the disposal of the

In his account of the operations around midable howitzer batteries which counted for nation that if we clergy cannot preach ser so much in the big battles on the frontier last mons for the good of the nation, we must August. Subsequently the onsler howitzers break stones for its goud; that no man must Ypres the "Eye Witness relates the ad- were invented which faid low the defences of live to himself, and none die to himself; that venture of a British airman, which he if never before and never afterwards, every says constitutes a-record even in a ser- the frontier fortresses,

patriot must be a Socialist to-day, in the vice where bairhreadth escapes are of "was alone in The airman," he says, Although the British Army possessed no sense that we must be for the State and the daily occurrence.” Historical Seation to its Genel Staff, and State alone:

"The men who have joined the King's single-seater astoplane, in pursuit attached less importance to this branch of Staff work than the Gerumus, yet the enterforces have given up good business positions of a German machine. While trying to prite of The Daily Telegraph furnished the and live on a sublier's pay; there must be reload his machine-gun he lost control of PROTESTANT country with a warning concerning the for the same absolute consecration at home the steering gear, and the seroplana midable character of the remodeled artillery And national concentration can only be turned upside down. The belt round It secins his waist happened to be loose, and the of the German Army. In the Imperial attained by national sacrifice."

UNDEEDAD WARNIN48,

nanouvres of 1911, aint again of 1912, the absurd to lock upon it as a great stop jerk of the turn almost threw him out Iwesence of a tier of field howitzers in every to ask the clergy to become teetotalers of the machine, but he saved himself by Gennan line of battle was reported by the during the way. I have myself for thirty-one clutching hold of the rear centre strut- While he hung thus, head downwards. Writer, and Goueral Maitrot, the famous years been a teetotaler, and the clergy are the belt slipping down round his legs. French military writer, exposed the same probably the most temperate body in the facts to his countrymen. Nother the British torld. But it is not likely that this confer making desperate efforts to disengage his ence is pring to ignore the example of the legs, the aeroplane fell from a height of nor French Government profited by the

King and Lord Kitchener. I shall be disap- warning.

pointed if clergy and Church laity as a body do not follow their example.

It ik in he hoped that means will be found to examine the manufacturing industries where shells are being macle, and that it will be brought home to the workers that their. efforts must not be relaxed for a day. The Fate of the campaign at any great trial of strength may depend on which side can see the other out in artillery ammunition.

WAR NOT NEARLY WOS.

"If, however, this stimulus of example proves inadequate to stop the lure of drink, we must clearly understand when we are

1915-06-22 — Page 7

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