1915-01-23 — Page 4

NEW ADVERTISEMENTS

NOTICE.

THE PUBLIC IS HERERY NOTIFIED that we have taken over the Stock-in trade and Business promises lately occupied by KRUSE & Co. and will in future carry on the Business of Merchants, Commission Agents and Tobacconista nader the unmo of

HONGKONG CIGAR STORE- -- (199 Hongkong, 22nd January, 1015.

G.

WAR DEPARTMENT CONTRACTS,

NEALED TENDERS will be received at the Headquarters Office, Victoria Barracks, Hongkong until 12 Noon on the Under- mentioned Dates for the following Services:- Monday, 1st Feb., 1015. Monday, 8th Feb., 1936.

Forage Meat

Fuol (Coal, otc.). General Supplies A'(Thursday, 11th Feb,

1910. General Supplies B'

Hospital Supplies... Monday, 15th Feb,

1915. Thursday, 18th Feb, 1915.

Washing Transport Forms and other particulars may be obtained personally between the hours of 10 A.M. and 1 PM, or by letter to the D.A.1. of Supplies and Transport, Victoria Barracks, Hongkong.

Fender Forms must be properly filled up, signed and dated sud no tender will be consider- ed unless made out on the proper Form and deliverul by 12 Noon on the above dates in s closed envelope marked Tender for Forage, etc. Bach Tender must be accompanied by a deposit of $100 as a guarantee of good faith. Buch sum to be forfeited to the State if the Tenderor refuses to accept a Contract allotted to him, or to attend at Headquarter Office when called проп,

The right to reject all, or any, Tenders in specially reserved.

Honggong, 22nd January, 1915. ;

1000

7N HE HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS &

TORINA UVERLAND TRADE SEPURT

is now ready and contains:-

Far Eastern News.

· Leading Articles :-

Japan and the War.

Italy and the War.

China's Land Tax.

The Sanitary Board Election'.

Random Reflections.

Hongkong.

Hongkong Legislative Council.

The Hongkong Races.

Correspondenco -

Conscription for Hongkong,

Clothing for the Troops.

Macno's Silted Harbour,

The Patriotic Service of the Censor.

Music and Noise,

The Pros Censorship in Hongkong,,

Hongkong Benevolent Society.

Beautiful Band Music,

Health of Hongkong.

Hongkong Church Missionary Association. Shangahi Divorce. Cuse.

Causes of the War.

St. Joseph's College Association,

A Remarkable Book,

The Death of Mrs. J. C, Gibson, Swatów.

Death of a Convict.

Supreme Court.

Police Court Stories.

Sanitary Board Election.

Chinese Telegrams. **

Kowloon Kailway Station."

Bridge Party at Kingsclere.

Serious Collision in the West River.

Shansi Business Failures.

The Cold Weather.

Wedding at the Cathedral.

German Prisoners in Osaka.

Macao Notes.

Gifts from Hongkong and Macao.

Cent Nuts.

Notes from Poking. American Commercial Attaché for China. New Developments in Yunnan. Rubbor Market at Batavia.

Hongkong Tramway Co., Ltd.

Shipping Notes.

The Sinking of the "Nile."

Japanese Shipping Subsidies.

The Position of Japanese Shipping.

The Cordillero"." Hyson" Collision. Local Sport

Cigarette and Tobacco Fund.

Prince of Wales' Fund.

Armed Robbery at Kowloon,

New Typhoon Refuge.

The Cold of Peking

Commercial

Shipping.

Extra Copies 80 cents onch, Cash. Copies can be posted from this Office to addresses sent; including postage $4

conts each.

$1 Cash for three copies. Subscription: 812 per annum, payable in dvance; postage extra.

Hongkong 23rd January, 1915.

HONGKONG JOCKEY CLUB.

MEMBERS are reminded that Entries for Most RACE MEETING Close to the Undersigned TODAY (SATURDAY), the23ed instaat. Those ventering Ponies are requested to send their Entries to the Office of the Boxesong JooкRY CLUB, No 3 Chater Road, Ground Floor of the HONGKONG CLUB ANSESE,-before 2 P.M.

By Order,

T. F. HOUGH,

Clerk of the Course. Hongkong, 23rd January, 1915. [195

A LING & CO..

FURN

19 QUEEN'S ROAD CENTRAL. URNITURE AND PHOTO GOODS)

STORE, Potrophic Goods of Every. Description in Stock, Developing, Printing and Enlarging. Canon Marbles in Variose Shades..

TELEPHONE 1219.

Hongkong, 18th April, 1914.

PUBLIC COMPANIES

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, JANUARY 23nd 1915.

THE WEST POINT BUILDING CO., LIMITED.

TOTICE GIVEN that the NTWENTY-SEVENTH ORDINARY MEETING of SHAREHOLDERS in this Company will be hold at the Offices of Messrs. JARDINE, MATHESON & COMPANY, LIMITED, on TUESDAY, the 2nd February, 1915, at 11.30 AM for the purpose of receiving the Report of Directors tegelbor with a Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1014. W

Tho

Company will be CLOSED from FRIDAY,

INTIMATION

A. S. WATSON

LTD.

& CO.,

from one end of the country to the other.

This week 185 garments have been sent

WAR AND DEPRECIATION That it soms to us, is the main reason Home, by the courtesy of the shipping

OF PROPERTY. for the pro-German attitude of so many firms, to Misa Lloyd Thomas, 116 Murray of the Chinese. The antagonism to the Street, Hoxton, London, for the soldiers INTERESTING STATEMENTS AT

THE BANKRUPTCY COURT. Japanese which Sir CHARLES ELIOT and sailors at the front and their families observed in North China is ···s at home, and the Belgian refugees. The

References to the depreciation in value on outcome of the garments have been made by the women of large extent German Press campaign. The mintary Hongkong, Kong Mun, and Foochow, and of property since the outbreak of war wore in a case in which an application was necessitics of Japan when attacking the 50 of them have been sent by the Com-made at the Bankruptcy Court yesterday made for a receiving order against Ng German baso at Tsingtan obliged her to pradore of the ss. Hai-Yang.

a manner which temporarily

Ping Sam. actin infringed the sovereignty of Chine and

As one of the results of the stranding of the British steamer Bergloe on the

Mr. Agassiz, appearing for the peti

to $560, was dus'on a promissory note, and

REGISTER of SHARES of the WINE & SPIRIT MERCHANTS, this gave to the Gorman agents a welcome Moyune reef last September coupled with tioning creditor, said the debt, amounting CODLIN'S the friend, not Bront," and/commendations of Manila shipping the act of bankruptcy was the suspepsion

22nd January, to TUESDAY, 2nd February, 1915 (both days inclusivo), during which period no Transfer of Shares can be Registered. By Order of the Board of Directors,

A. SHELTON HOOPER, Socretary to the

HONGKONG LAND INVESTMENT & AGENCY

Co., LTD.,

General Agents for the WEST POINT BUILDING CO., LTD, Hongkong, 13th January, 1915.

[160

THE HONGKONG GENTRAL ESTATE LIMITED

BRANDY,

Per Bot.

Per Case of I dos.

A. SUPERIOR PALE $30.40

* B. SUPERIOR

OLD

COGNAC

33.70

WATSON'S

XXX

COGNAC

34.80

8.00

WATSON'S

XXX

COGNAC Half bottles 2 doz.

37,00

1.60

NOTIST ORDINARY MEETING of 18 HEREBY GIVEN. that the SHAREHOLDERS in this Company will be held at the Offices of Messrs. JARDINS; on MATHESON & COMPANY, LIMITED, TUESDAY, the 2nd February, 1916, at 11:45 AM for the purpose of receiving the C. SUPERIOR Report of the Directors together with the State- ment of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1914.

The REGISTER of SHARES of the Company will be CLOSED from FRIDAY, 22nd January, to TUESDAY. 2nd Februszy. 1915 (both days inclusive), during which period ne Transfer of Shares can be Registered. Hy Order of the Board of Directors.

THE HONGKONG CENTRAL

-ESTATE, LTD.,

A. SHELTON HOOPER,

Secretary to

THE GENERAL MANAGERS, Hongkong, 13th January, 1815.

[159

THE HONGKONG LAND INVEST- MENT AND AGENCY CO., LIMITED.

NOTICE

TOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the TWENTY-SEVENTH ORDINARY MEETING of SHAREHOLDERS in this Company will be held at the Offices of Messrs. JARDINE, MATHESON & COMPANY, LIMITED, on TUESDAY, 2nd February, 1915, at Noon, for the purpose of receiving the Report of the Directors together with the Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December,

1914.

The REGISTER A SHARES of the Company will be CLOSED from FRIDAY, 22nd January, to TUESDAY, 2nd February 1915 (both days inclusive), during which period ne Transfer of Shares can be Registered, By Order of the Board of Directors.

A. SHELTON HOOPER, Secretary.

Hongkong, 18th January, 1915.

THE HONGKONG LAND RECLAMA-

NATION CO., LTD,

ATOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that

NOTICE FOURTEENTH ORDINARY MEETING of SHAREHOLDERS in this Company will be held at the Offsen of Memurs, JARDINE, MATHESON & COMPANY, LTD., On TUESDAY, the 2nd February, 1915, at 12.15 P.M., for the purpose of receiving the Report of the Directors together with a Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December,

1914.

The REGISTER of BHARES of the Company will be CLOSED from TUESDAY, 28th January, to TUESDAY, Sad February 1916 (both days inclusive), during which period no Transfer of Shares can be Registered. By Order of the Board of Director,

MOWBRAY S. NORTHCOTE, Secretary, Hongkong, 15th January, 1915. HONGKONG, CANTON AND 'MACAC STEAMBOAT CO., LTD. NOTICE TO SHAREHOLDERS, THE NINETY-FIFTH ORDINARY

YEARLY MEETING of SHARE

[173

OLD LIQUEUR COGNAC, Gold Capsule

40.30

H

46.90

D. VERY FINE OLD PALE LIQUEUR -COGNAC....

BOUTELLEAU'S CHAMPAGNE LIQUEUR...

FINEST OLD BROWN

BRANDY...

52.40

...:53.50

MARIE BRIZARD and ROGER'S FINE PALE COGNAC

4.65

opportunity of proclaiming to China that

of

2.65 ...31.50

6. V. F., V. O. COGNAC 79,70

V. O, L., 60 Years Old 118.30

UNITED VINEYARD.

PROPRIETORS, '75. Year Old...

187.50

9.05:

13.15

frms and the Manila agency of the Com- penia Trans-Atlantica, approved by the Lighthouse Board, the Insular Collector

The Japanese Department of Agricul- ture and Commerce. has decided.

Akira Shito to

to

of the payment of debts.

The Oficial Receiver remarked that the

the United States, tion.

SANITARY BOARD ELECTION, SUCCESS OF DR. FITZWILLIAMS AND MR.. GOLDRING.

A MARGIN OF THREE VOTES.

The election for two vacancies on the Sanitary Board took place at the Supreme Court yesterday, and at 6 p.m. the result was declared as follows:-

The Official Receiver reminded his lord- ship that he had come across many instances of depreciation of the value of property since the commencement of war; in some cases as much as 25 per cent.

The Chief Justice So much as 25 per cent. Yes, my Lord.

Mr. Agassiz-Some of the property is do not think the Official Receiver can situated in Queen's Road Central, and I suggest that the property in that district has depreciated 25 per cent. since the out- break of war.

The Official Receiver Property has d preciated considerably.

Acceiving order was made, the Chiof Justice remarking that if the Official Receiver discovers that there is not suf- to be sot aside.

cient assets, he could apply for the order

promoting in every possible way among the Chinese a sentiment of hostility It is indeed strange to the Japanese. that there should exist in China anything of Customs has directed the erection of afidavit in support of the allegation as in the nature of pro-German sentiment, acetylene lights on Black Rock and Banto assets stated that the property was equity of redemption was worth $105,000. $2.65 superficial though we believe it to be coran Island as aids to navigation of the mortgaged for $200,000, and that the The property was said to value that, SIR CHARLES ELIOT very appropriately Sulu Sea

but, as his lordship was well aware; prop the recollection of the 2.00 recalled to

erty had decreased in value since the out- Chinese

audience. members of his

Ho submitted that more break of war. the Instructions the German EMPEROR

Mr. Agassiz said that no intimation had the troops which he sent despatch a number of officials to various evidence was necessary, gave to to Peking in 1900, when he commanded foreign countries to study the state of been given to him that a question of assets that no quarter was to be given to the trade Fifty business men from the would be raised, and he had never heard ing creditor to furnish a complete and de Chinese, and no prisoners were to be taken. different parte of the country will go before that it was the duty of the petition- He farther recalled to their recollection together with them for the same purpose.taled valuation of the propery of the The evidence before him shewed the manner in which Tsingtau was taken The Commissioners are as follows: Mr. debtor on an application for adjudica- 3.45 from China by Germany. The murder of

sufficient to enable a receiving order to two missionarica" was made by Germany Mr. Ichitaro Shoji to India, Mr. Sanen substantial equities, and that was quite un excuse for enforcing demands for Miura to Austria, Mr. Kinji Nagamitsu, be made.

Ladies, Mr. Akira 4.09 certain objects which she had desired into the Dutch

Chiun, just as the assassination of the Yamanouchi to Canada, Mr. Tsurumi to Crown Prince of Austria was last year China, Mr. Koji Takahashi to Asiatic -4.55 made an occasion for enforcing a special Russia and Mr. Katsuji Uchida to South

Germany quite China." object desired by independently of the crime committed, and Sir CHARLES made a strong point when he asked the Chinese members of his audi- enco to remember that if Germany is victorious in, the present war she will 6.65 oertainly say that revent events have shown that Tsingtan is not safe, and in order to make it safe she must have a much larger area of territory and very much larger garrisons." Then he asked them to remember Germany's repudiation of Treaties and Agreements, and to consider hor treatment of Belgium, and to ask themselves whether a State like China, which in a military sense is not strong, will be comfortable if there is a larga German fores in China. These are A.S. WATSON & CO.. counsels which the Chinese generally 29, Mr. Goldring 15, Mr. Bowley 10. The would do well to ponder over. We duni voting went as follows:-Messrs. believe that gradually the Chinese are Bowley and Goldring, 42; Dr. Fitz beginning to realise that they have been williams and Mr. Bowley, 168; Mr. grossly deceived by the German purveyors of information; and they will doubtless in time come to understand that the British censorship of news is not for the purpose of misleading the public, but for the strictly limited purpose of preventing the publication of news of military and naval movements likely to be used by the enemy to the detriment and danger of the plans of the Allies. Sucesses and reverses in the various theatres of the war have been impartially reported in the

and British Press cables, by this time it must be realised in China that those who have been deluded by the German reports have been backing the We are convinced that wrong horse.”

In 1918 Mr. Shelton Hooper resigned, pro-German sentiment in China is Dr. Fitzwilliams was re-elected, and Mr. founded more on a desire to back the Bowley was elected to succeed Mr. Shelton winner" than on any other ground. The Hooper. There was no contest. Chinese have been sedulously told that Polling opened at 4 p.m., but the first Germany will win in the war, and for half hour produced very few voters. Then large numbers of them that is a sufficient the officials had to deal with a great rush reason for being pro-German.

* These Brandies bottled by ourselves are guaranteed Grape Spirit and of Pot Still Distillation.

LIMITED,

HONGKONG AND CHINA.

Rongrong Office: 164, Das Vœux Road C. LONDON OFFICH: 181, Far Braure, EC

The Daily Press

HONGKONG, January 23rd, 1915,

CHINESE AND THE WAR. BIR CHARLES ELIOT in his admirable lecture on the War at the University made some very striking allusions to the pro- German sentiment which prevails among the Chinese. Eo far as North China is concerned there is undoubtedly much to be said for the view that the sentiment of China is for Germany because it is against Japan," but we do not know that

Bouth and West Chius accounted for.

The

44

* Dr. G. H. Fitzwilliams... 363

Mr. E. W. Goldring

FAMILY OF SEVEN.

Mr. F. B. L. Bowley 220.

LIVE ON 820 PER MONTH. * Successful candidates.. There were three spoiled papers.

Some singular facts were mentioned were:--Dr. Fitzwilliams by the Official Receiver yesterday in plumpers".

Goldring and Dr. Fitzwilliams. 166.

The

From the point of view of interest token, this election quite surpassed the last contest between Mr. Goldring and Mr. W. L. Carter, and the voting, 430 out of

a strength of about 1,500 was much more satisfactory.

At the election in January, 1009, when there were four candidates, no fewer than 1,327 votes were recorded altogether. The candidates and their figures were:--

Mr. Shelton Hooper Dr. Fitzwilliams Dr. Belilios

Mr H. Perey Smith

504-

343

313

167

the application for the hearing of the peik- tion of Tsor Sing Sang.

M Carpmael said that the debtor had- no assets. Ho was at present employed at a salary of $20 per mouth, and he had a wife and five children. Consequently, he contended that debtor should not be insuficiency of assets. His abilities* allowed to become bankrupt, owing to the were between $4,000 and $5,000, and when he was advised that he could not become bankrupt without showing some neceis, debtor went to a friend and borrowed $200, which sum would be swallowed up in costa

Mr. Shenton, appearing for debtor, said he had been made bankrupt owing to legal proceedings brought against hirm, he hav- ing signed a promissory note for Arm by whom he was employed. The firm failed -and-a-claim-was-being made on the pro missory note. The other side had refused to accept $200 in settlement of a liability of $2,000 and the petition was then filed. The other side at firat said they would consider the offer of $200 if debtor would furnish them with certain information. The information was given, and then the other side replied that they could not ac cept the offer. He (Mr. Sherton) wanted to protect the man's estate, for what it was worth, and also to save him being put inte gaul."

The Official Receiver-I submit that you

HOLDERS in the Company will be held at the prevalence of that same sentiment ia latest news from France, however, is that of electors, & quoue having to be formoi cannot protect an estate which does not

the Offs of the Company, Hotel Mansion, on TUESDAY, the 9th February, 1915, at. 12 o'clock Noor, for the purpose of receiving Report of the Directors, together with a Btatement of Aosonis, declaring Dividend and electing Directors and Auditors.

The TRANSFER BOOKS of the Company will be CLOSED. from the 20th January to the 8th February, 1915, both days inclusive.

By Order of the Board of Directors.

W. E. CLARKE,

Secretary. Hongkong, 19th January, 1916. (180

NOTICE,

HEREBY GIVE NOTICE in accordance with Section 7 of the Tramway Ordinance 10 of 1902 of my intention to apply to the Governor-in-Council, for power to construct an additional track curve, 45 feet in length joining the present tramway track in Russel! Street, Bowrington, and opposite this Company's premises, Lots 716 and 731.

J. J. STODAET KENNEDY, General Manager, Hongkong Tramway Company Hongkong. 19th January, 1915.

WANTED.

WIRELESS

voyage..

1178

OPERATOR for

·Apply......

Box 9 Care of " Daily Press" Office. Hongkong. 2ad January, 1916.

[lan

ENGINEERING BILLET WANTED.

Sea

RITISHEN, aged 40; Chief Engineer's

B Certificate; ML. I. Mech. I. AMA with 18 years' sea and shore experience in the East, seeks position of responsibility and trust, preferably in SHIP AND ENGINE BUILDING YARD on the Cat Coast. Accustomed to ESTIMATING in all DEPARTMENTS any size of oraft. In prosent employ 10 years; last 8 years as MANAGER OF WORKS OWNING SLIPWAYS. doing all Classes of Repairs; also Launch and Tag Building.

Agreement completed, but must give at least one month's Notice.

etc., please address

Cin

be the German offensive is broken, and that to facilitate matters, which, in itself, is Even in North China their defensive promises to be broken in a novelty in Sanitary Board elections. that sentiment was markedly in evidencers. As soon, to the Chinese realise this. The busy half-hour was succeeded by long before Japan intervened in the war,

and the explanation of it, we think, we are persuaded that there will be very little sentiment anywhere in China in to be found in the assiduity with which favour of Germany. the German diplomatic and Press agents exploited Chinese ignorance of foreign affairs by stuffing their minds with mendacious accounts of German successes,

and the wildest abuse of the Powers at war with Germany, so that the Chinese were grossly deceived from the very beginning not only as regards the cause

Mails for Europe via Siberia close to-day at 10 am. and $ p.m. respectively. The total revenue collections in Kwang tung Province are estimated to amount to $19,400,000 in the ensuing year.

of the war, but also as to the actual we are asked to announce that the facta of the situation as the war Happy Valley will be used by the Military developed. In this the German agents for drill purposes from 10 a.m. to 1.p.m. were unwittingly assisted by the censorship established over the British on Monday next, the 25th inst. Press, for the Chinese were quickly

A riesha coolie brought a tweed over their German taught by

tutors to cost to the Central Police Station on believe that they could no longer Thursday night, and told the police that look to British sources for.

true it had fallen from the top of a train-car in Eccount of events, and that they could Des Veux Road about 10.30 that night. only expect to learn from such sources

3

just what the British Government would Judgment was given by Mr. Justice

to wish them

believe. Down to Gompertz. yesterday at the Supreme quito

date recent

there

were Court for the plaintiff in the action merchants and: even officials in brought by the Victoria Dispensary

who believed-all Canton

against A. G. Pile for $22.65, for goods

British

a quieter time, and when the doors wore closed at 6 p.m. there were no late arrivals to be hurried to the voting, box or refused. The first count occupied about twenty minutes, when the figures arrived at were the same as appear above. How ever, owing to the exceedingly narrow margin separating Messrs, Bowley and Goldring a re-count was considered advis able, but the figures remained the same. There was plenty of animation within the counting-room, but one looked in vain for any cheering crowd of clectors.

exist.

Mr. Shenton-It is a case where a poor

man comes to the Court and asks for pro-

The ease was adjourned.

tection.

MINOR BANKRUPTCY CASES. Re P. Soffieti & Co. This was an application for adjudication.

The Official Receiver said that a meeting

of creditors was held on the 6th inst., but no resolution was passed. He accordingly applied for the debtor to be adjudged

Oficial Receiver as trustee of the estate. bankrupt, and the appointment of the

Granted,

He Jorge & Co. This was an applica- tion for a Receiving Order.

It was explained that debtor allege When the result was made known, the that I was unable to pay his debts, but successful candidates were congratulated, it had been found that there were fairly Mr. Bowley being among the first obstantial assets. congratulate his successful competitors.

A vote of thanks was proposed to the Returning Officer, the Assesson, and their Assistants by Dr. Fitzwilliams, this being seconded by Mr. Goldring.

Mr. C. D. Melbourne was the Returning

Oficer.

Further

Granted.

Ze Cheung On. This was an application

adjudication.

fer

The Official Receiver said the meeting had been duly held, and a resolution vas passed unanimously in favour of the appointment of the Official Receiver as

trustce.

Granted.

trustee

He Yuen Hing Hong This was a NO SALE FOR DIAMONDS.

application for adjudication, and the reports to the contrary notwithstanding sold and delivered. Mr. M. J. D.

At the annual meeting of De Beers at appointment of the Official Receiver as The Official Receiver explained that at that German cruisers were preventing Stephens appeared for plaintiffs, defen Kimberley, the chairman announced that cargoes coming to Hongkong, Such a

as a rosult of the war the sale of dia- dant being absent and warepresented.

monds, which were a luxury, had ceased the meeting of creditors is was unaniш-os- ly agreed that the debtor should bo belief showed a sad lack of ordinary

would speedily adjudged bankrupt. production: intelligence, it is true, but the German The annual sermons for the Hunghong denude the company of their resources. It Granted, agents are aware that such ignorance of Church Missionary Association will be had, therefore, been decided to suspend

Te Ming Shun Sheung Kee. This was. The Bishop of mining and to husband their resources. allairs prevails very widely in China and preached to-morrow.

There was little or no hope of resuming they exploit it to the utmost. Nor should Victoria will be the preacher at the mining for some time as there were largo an application for the approval of a cou it be forgotten that, in spite of the censor Cathedral in the morning and the Rev. stocks of diamonds on hand. The chair position.

Mr. Shenton, who appeared for the man believed that after the success of the ship exercised over messages transmitted E. W. L. Martin, of the Church Mission- Allies there would be a revival in the dia- petitioning creditor, said that at the by the British cables, the fictions of the ary Society, in the evening Special mond trade as there would be less money meeting the scheme was approved by a German Official Prees Pureau still con- sermors will also be preached at St. spent on armaments and more would be majority,

Granted: spent on industrial development. tinue to reach China and to be circulated Andrew's and St. Peter's. [181

For fell particulars of experience, testimoniais,

[94

**AMBITIOUS," Care of "Daily Press" Office. Hengkeng, 19th January, 1815.