1914-08-04 — Page 6

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THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, AUGUST 4TH, 1914.

CHINA'S PRESENT POSITION.

·(Continued from Page 3.)

4

Dr. Morrison proceeded to give resume of the events following the revolu- tion that broke out on October 10, 1911, "which had for its object the removal of the Manchu Dynasty, the most effete of all Governments, with its eunuchs, its worthless princes, its corrupt Manchu officials who held an immense proportion of all offices in China although their numbers were numerically insignificant. The movement spread. It was a popular movement. Support was given to it in every part of China. There was very little bloodshed." He spoke of the retaru of Yuan Shih-kai from retirement, the Botting up of a Provisional Government with Suu Yat Sen as Provisional President, and then he eulogised the fine act of Sun Yat-sen in stepping. uside and supporting Yuan Shih-kai,

who by universal consent, both Chineso and foreign, was hailed as the Man of Destiny best fitted for this high office."

Proceeding, he spoke of the lack of experience of the Parliament which met iu Peking, composed largely of young students with an imperfect knowledge of their own country and full of advanced ideas of government gained in Japan," America and England, who appointed a committes of forty to draft a constitu tion. All advanced students, these ron, with eager impetuosity, determined to leap from an archaic autocracy to the most advanced form of modern Parlia mentary, Government. They ignored the conditions of China. No one disputes their patriotism, but they did not realise that they were representatives not of the Chinese as they are, but of the Chinese as they might hope to become in the future.

Dr. Morrison commented at some length on the Committee's failure to consult Professor Ariga of Japan and Professor Goodnow of Columbia University, the two great Constitutional jurists engaged for The task. They had been engaged by the President and so they were suspect. At last the position became intolerable, especially when the two responsible leaders of the Senate appealed to the country to repudiate a contract entered into by the Government and not to remit taxes to Peking. Dr. Morrison declared after the revolt of the South against the North broke out the President acted with restraint, only struck when compelled to strike and then after careful consultation with his Ministers. With the help of a body of seventy picked men, aided by Pro- fessors Arigs and Goodnow, the Nanking Provisional Constitution was amended and the amended constitution, consisting of 68 articles, was the present Provisional Constitution of China, truly Republican, based on the constitution of America and that of Japan, and in conformity with the historical development of European con- stitutional government. Tho powers given to the President were much the same as those given to the Emperor of Japan, and under their government the Japanese had been successful in consoli- dating Japanese power and introducing into Japan the most beneficial features of Western life.

Passing to the present government Dr. Morrison said: "The President is supported by a Council of State consist ing of 70 men of administrative experi- ence, many of whom held office under the Manchu regime, and other men of stand- ing and education, among whom is a reasonable proportion of foreign trained students. To speak of the President, who has always been in the forefront of pro- gress, as reactionary, to speak of that body of 70 men as reactionary, or to speak

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China asks of you is that here at this. distance from China you should bring the same characteristics of good sense and sense of justice to the consideration of Chinese affairs. (Loud applause.)

Mr. F. ANDERSON, Chairman of the China Association, moved a vote of thanks to Dr.. Morrison, in the following terms:

time since he went to China, and he out- lined the railway construction, linking Canton by a double track line to the Yangtaze towards the borders of Tong king, the Yangtaze to Peking, and he added: The Central Government has taken control of all provincial railways. There is a scheme on hand for conservancy of the Huai river, while American engineers under the Standard Oil Co. are

Dr. Morrison has had a long and. prospecting for oil. It must be admitted that the mining regulations are still quite varied experience in China, which has unsatisfactory, but this question is now

given him many opportunities of forming engaging the attention of the President.

sound opinions upon Chinese matters. With regard to the financial question the

He was for seventeen years the corres- putlook is good. The Customs revenue of pondent of The Times in Peking, and I last year was the largest on record. For do not think it is any exaggeration to say the first three months of this year there for himself & European reputation by that while he occupied that post he made was another record, but the collection b.d since shown some shrinkage, but this the ability and discernment shown im could by no conceivable possibility Dr. Morrison was in Peking throughout recording and criticising current events. other than temporary. Regarding the Salt collection, which every month is coming in better, it was estimated that for the first year £2,400,000 would be obtained from this source. There was delay in getting the machinery into opera- tion, but in the seven months remaining of the year the total collection camesto 3,400,000 and there is every indication that the collection will increase. redemption of the depreciated notes in Canton, should mean an increase of £1,30 a day from the salt collection. Upon this total salt collection of £300,000 a month the Urisp loan of 1912 is secured, the

the siege during the Boxer rising, and of the Legations. It is an example of the was wounded in taking part in the defence changes brought about by the whirligig of time that, from defending his life gains the troops of the Chinese Govern- mene of the day, he now in the same city occupies the position of political adviser to Tic

service of which is £250,000 per annum and the amount needed to meet the next

coupon due six months later is always retained by the foreign banks. In the case of the quintuple loan, the service of which amounts to £1,250,000 per annum, the foreign banks at the present time hold in their possession sufficient to meet all

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the present Chinese Government. Throughout his career it has been characteristic of him that his views about. China bave been generally optimistic, and this although he has been surrounded calculated to entourage penis pie

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to pessimistic feel- ings about the future of Chine. What- ever the future has in store, I am sure the great body of English opinion will sympathise with Dr. Morrison's views in the hope that they may prove to be true. China has had a difficult part to play succession of unsuccessful foreign wars in modern times; she has had a long Cho, British sloop, 1,070 tons, 1,400 b.pary, sms to me a misuse of terms.",

of the present officers of State as reaction-payments for the next year. That is to resulting in heavy indemnities which Comdr. Mackensie, Hongkong.

say, the Five Group Banks retain perman-have been a continual drain upon her Colne, T.BD., 560 tons, 4-12 r., i.hp,

Dr. Morrison proceeded to speak of ently in their coffers £1,100,000 from the resources. In addition to that she has several of the leading men, beginning with Salt Collection. All amounts above this Chalmer, E.D., 560 tons guns 4-12 pr., 1.b.p.,

Vice-President Li Yuan-hung, who are paid back to the Chinese Government. 7,500 fd, Lietat. H. T. England, Hongkong, enjoys a reputation throughout China Of the Quintuple loan £4,000,000 are still Fame, T.B D., Lt.-Comdr. C. M. Blackman, second only to that of the President, unexpended. The Salt Administration is

Hongkong

whose Republicanism: has never been gradually abolishing the system of credit, Hampshire. 10.650 tons, 21,000 f.d., 14 gane doubted and who is bound to the President is establishing a fixed and uniform rate Captain H. W. Grant, Welhalwei. by the ties of family relationship as well of taxation and is collecting that rate at Jed, T.B.D. 550 tons, guns 4-12 pr., ib.p., as of sympathy and Friendship. He it is the weat of production."

7.500 Id., Lient. G. E.. A. Mulock, who will succeed the President should With the reinstitution of authority,China has gone through her troubles with Hongkong.

anything happen to the latter. The Vice which had been disturbed by the revolu Kinata, 616 tons, 1,200-ih.p., Comdr. H. Chairman is a former Minister to Lon-

an honourable record. Although com- tion, provincial taxation has been resumed Marryatt, Yangtse...

don. This Council of State will now draw and larger amounts are steadily being to both sides during the late revolutions, mand of money was of vital importance Merlin, surveying ship, 1,070 tons, 6 guns, up the Permanent Constitution of China, remitted to Peking. In May the Central 1,400 h.p.. Lieut. F. J. D. Gibson, then to be submitted to the National Government received £700,000 over and

neither side touched a single dollar of the Labuan

Assembly of the people, and which, before above $1,650,000 paid from the surplus of Customs because it was hypothecated by

collected by revenue

the Maritime Minotaur, armoured cruiser (fagship Vice-

it can become law, must be passed by the Admiral T. H. Jerram, R.C.B.). $7,000 Assembly clause by clans by a two-thirds

the Salt Revenue. New taxes are coming furmer governments

as security for in well and China has now every hope of foreign loans. ih.p, Capt. E. B. Kiddle, Weiherwei.

Both sides showed that Moorhen, river gunboat, 180 tous, 2 guns, 0, majority in a quorum of two-thirds,"

Eulogy followed of the Secretary of State, ing permitted to revise her Customs they wished to uphold the good name of

tariff of five per cent, ad valorem. The the Minister of Foreign Affairs, the present ad valorem duties, owing to the I think she has every reason to be proud Chinu for probity and save her face, and Minister of Finance, the Minister of Com- manications, the Minister of Commerce, when these duties were fixed, are prob Considering all that she

difference in prices from those reigning of her action during those trying times. the Minister of Justice, the Minister of ably not more than three and a half per through, there are few countries which the Navy, and Dr. Chin Tao, the Financial cent. instead of five per cent., and in could have shown more remarkable powers Delegate to Europe. Their educational

cases they are only two and a half per of recuperation than China; I am sure and administrative qualifications were

cent. To reviso this tariff the consent of that our interests lie in assisting her outlined, and especial mention was made fourteen Powers must be obtained. It is recovery by doing all that we can to of Liang Tan-yen, who with the Yang to be hoped that this matter will be agreed promote for progress. Her present Dowager's orders to exterminate all taze Viceroys disregarded the Empress to, as it would mean a large increase of wants are mainly sound administration,

revenue for China. Two loans to the freedom from further internal strife, and most important announcements made in like Dr. Morrison, had read his obituary Yangisze Valley. To describe these mened this year, the final payment of the 7 relations with the provincial govern were that there was to be central control a ticket for his own faneral, a nice foreign nten, women and children in the total amount of £4,635,000 are extinguish strengthening of the central power in its the address they had just heard from him

in the Times, and more than that, he had as reactionary was a misdescription. per cent, 1854 loan of £1,835,000 being ments. Whatever may be the case else of the railways and arrangements had purple ticket, number 169, for the service description was still more erroneous. Judged by the acts of the Government the

made next Noveniber Iat, and the six per where, this semi-independence of the been made for succession to the Presi- at St. Paul's Cathedral. (Laughter.) the present time China had no question having its final payment on December both in her political and financial as well

At gent. Gold Loan of £3,000,000 of 1885 provincial governments has always been deney if anything happened to Yuan

A vote of thanks to the Chairman. one great source of weakness in China, Shih-kai.

concluded the meeting. with Russia, having come to a harmonious 31st. Extinction sets free £240,000 per

Passing to the indemnity for the Boxer arrangement with regard to Mongolia, annum from the Customs Revenue.

us her fiscal affairs. No doubt China Rebellion, Mr. Stewart said a good many and settled a dispute that was a legacy the other hand there are larger payments past, perhaps even in recent times, but a profit out of the interest charged to the has made a great many mistakes in the of them considered England was making from the corrupt rule of the Manchus, to be made next year on account of the With Japan, with whom during some time Boxer Indemnity.

think she has more than once shown Chinese people, and they believed it. relations were strained, for Japanes

the moral courage to acknowledge that would be a good thing to make a remis durt on the side of the Rebels, every out- make one suggestion before I sit down. It is an element of strength either in an a view to having a share in the education. during the second rebellion took an active

Finally, the speaker said:"I would she bas wade mistakes, and that of itself sion of a portion of the indemnity with

standing question had been settled in' a

bas reference to Press comment upon individual or a nation. The whole of Young China. He thought they could:

In the case of the problem

which hardly invest their manner satisfactory to both countries. affairs in China.

money better. With England, the relations of China President of the Chinese Republic, the will exist in the future between the (Cheers.) They should not blame China were unusually cordial. There was only most disastrous incident of his life, the East and the West is one of absurbing too much for her difficulties. Here at one which he recalls with the deepest interest and one which will give food for home there were sundry little difficulties one question of importance outstanding, namely, Tibet, while the attitude of the regret, was the looting on February 20th, reflection in the ablest minds amongst us. of our own that were giving a whole let

the British Government towards the opium 1912, of a certain section of Peking by the Our own relations to that problem are of trouble even

experienced question had won the approval of all soldiers of the Third Regiment, which perhaps more complicated than those of administrators of Great Britain. (Laugh- any other Power, and if the views ter.) Give China time and her thritty Chinese whose opinion was worth having. many years before had been his ow

This incident shook With France there was no question. With regiment.

expressed by Dr. Morrison to-day contri- and good-hearted people would arrange bute towards thoughtful consideration of their affairs with credit to themselves. Germany no question, while with America prestige at home and abroad. Yet now

the issues which lie before us, he will

Lord NUNBURNHOLSIE expressed plea- relations were exceptionally cordial. As I read in a high-class English magazine of have done good service to his own country sure with the announcement that the to opium, ir no place more than in the March last that the general belief in

as well as to the country he is now serving Yellow River was to be taken in hand, city of London should the prohibition be England is that the mutiny was de-

in his official capacity. (Applause.)

but Dr. Morrison pointed out it was aERAPION. welcomed, since it was to he hoped the liberately planned by Yuan Shih-kai to

Mr: GERSHON STEWART, M.P., secunded inillions hitherto spen on opium would overave the Southern delegates. This and spoke of Dr. Morrison' a belief in a River that was being conserved.

Bir CLAUDE MACDONALD in a breezy- he spent henceforth on British manu-ems to be the absolute limit of extrava self-help and his activities during the speech referred to the famous siege of the gant hypothesis. (Laughter and cheers) attack on the Legations. He was a man Legation and said wherever the fight was Englishmen have made their reputation who had had a South Sea apeur ju one thickest there was "good old MGTIBOR in Eastern countries largely by their good sense and their sense of justice. What Part of his body and a Chinese bulletin in his shirt sleeves blazing away. Be another part. (Laughter.) The two

i.h.p. Lt-Comdr. Alan Dixon, W. River Newcastle, ad class cruiser, 4,800 tons, turbines 22,00 La., Capt. F. A. Powlett, en route to Shangbai Nightingale, river gunboat, 85 tons, 240 hp,

Lieut. Comdr, Malcolm Murray, Yangte. Kenner TB.D., 550 tons, 4 guns, 12 pr.. i.b.p.,

7,500 f...

Ident, F. Á, H. Russel, Weibai- wei. Ribble, T.B.D., 590 tons, 7,500 f.d., 6 guas, Lient. Comdr. Wilkinson, Weihaiwef. Robin, river gunbost, 85 tone, guas 240 bp.,

Lt. Conde. J. Fleetwood-Nash, West River Rosario, depot ship to Submarino, 980 toas, 1,400 lp., Lieut. Comdr, F. A. Cromis Hongkong. Bandpiper, river gunbost, 65 tons, 2 guns, 2,402 h.p., Lient. Comdr. I. A. S. Hutton, Wet River B4ips, river gunboat, 85tons, 2 guns, 240 i.h.p., Lt. Comdr, M. R. J. Maxwell-Scott, Yang tso, Tamar, receiving ship, 4,650 tons, 6 gaas Commodore R. H. Anstruther, C,LG, Hongkong

Teal, river gunboat, 180 tons 2 guns, 800 lp.,

Lieut-Comdr. S. P. B. Russel, Yangt Thistle, gunboat, 710 tons, 900 h.p., Lt.-Comdr.

G. F. L. L. Page, Weihsiwet. Triumph, battleship, 11,985 tons, 12,500 ih.p.

A. Commdr. A. S Sasmann, Hongkong. Usk, T.B.D., 590 tone, 7,500 f.d., 6 gnus Liant

Maxwell, Weihaiwai. Welland, T.H.D., 59 tone, 7,500 4, 5 gaus, Lieut. Comde. Poignand, Weitsine, Widgeon, ganbest, 193 tons. 2 gues, 800 hp. Liset Comdr. A. J. Laadon, Yaogte. Foodcock, gubat 150 tons, 2 guus, 550 hp.

Lt.-Coudr. M. B. R. Black rood, Yangtae Woodlark, gunboat, 150 tons, 2 gina, 550 hp.. Lt.-Condr. Robin W. Lloyd, Yangtze armouth, 2nd class cruiser, 4,800 tons, Capt

H. 1. Cochrane, Weittioi

bmarines -

C. 36. D. J. McGillewie, Lient.

0.37, J. A. Gaimea, Lieut.

C. 38, B. K. O. Pope, Lieut."

3. 035, Lisat. Hindley.

factures. (Applause.).

fr Morrison declared that the indus trial development of the country had a. more promising appearance than at any

On

his

"of the

relations

anything"" (Laughter and cheers.) He,

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