1912-03-05 — Page 2

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HOME AND CHINA AFFAIRS, [From Our Own CORRESPONDENT.]

THE SUBMARINA DIBASTER.

THE BONGLOG DAILY

THE OUTLOOK IN CHINA.

Besides the

FINANCIAL POSITION.

(BY SIE BOBET VERDON IN THE LONDON DAILY, TELEGRAPH.)

TUESDAY, MAƑÓ₫ Bra. 19:2 founded on unconnected statements, recently that reforms in the Salt Ad: furnished piece-meal from individual pro- ministration in one province alone had 200 per cent. increasa vinces. The only attempt which the writ produced a The sad disaster to the as on Saturday,

or has ever seen made to show China's in the revenus daring the last year Such an increase, of course, and the loss of valuable lives through the

financial position as a whole was the or two. collision; has drawn national attention

Budget, so-called, placed before the Na can hardly be expected everywhere, but the writer feels confident that in clean to the risks attached to the latest and, LONDON, February 6,

tional Assembly in the autumn of 1910. as some think, the most valuable future It has been under,

Even this cannot be considered wholly re-hands, even while making just and liberal THE CLAN MACFARLANE,

arm of our navy.

PERING, January 13. liable, for the Finance Minister himself allowance for buying out vested interests, White some Scots in and about London contemplation at the Admiralty for some

What will be the outlook, permanent or admitted to the writer that the amounts the salt revenue could be increased to at have been amusing themselves seriously time to order several more submarines of

CUSTOM ESTIMATEN.”* round the statue of King Charles "the larger size and improved design. A provisional, two years bonee of the pre-given were largely only additions of pro- least 60,000,000 taels a year.

Bent turmoil in China no one may profess vincial figures, of the accuracy of which special committee deliberated on them

to forsee.. Those who have lived longest his department was not absolutely assur- The third item of revenue is Customs. Martyr," this last week, the clan MacFar from February last year till nearly

among Chinese and have been in closest ed. But, at any rate, thie Budget made The Budget puts this down at 49,000,000 lanes have been more jovially disposed. Christmas, and even now little has been Fifty of them met at the Reform Bail, allowed to transpire as to the outcome. touch with them are probably the ones an effort to show the expenses of the Gortaels a year. This, presumably, includes who will dogmatise with the least forco ernment and the debt charges, including, the net proceeds of the I.M.C. (Imperial The president of the committee was Rear- Holborn, and resolved themselves into a Admiral F. C. D. Sturdee, who was re- and probably with the greatest reserve presumably, indemnity payment quotas, Maritime Castorns), which one may rough- It looks very much as if the wisest, course as separate items. Unfortunately, howly set down, after providing for cost of Bociety of the Clan MacFarlane.sently appointed to the command of the

is to follow the direction of an old real-ever, there is nothing to show whether the collection (and this might be reduced by Fifth Cruiser Squadron. When the idea first came up a month ago three submarines of the new E class, or dent, who, when questioned on Chinese income figures are gross or neti.c., who the simplification of the Chinese superin- there were only five present, so if the clan dered from the Vickers firm, the principal matters, replied: Think of all the ther they represent actual net available tendent's charges) and deducting tonnage continues to show itself in unison at the feature of which will be an armament things which in suur opinion can possibly proceeds, after deduction of collection dues (more or less trust funds) at, say, 28,000,000 taels, to which um must be same rate of speed, we shall have to take of two gune as well as the usual torpedo happen, and decide that none of them charges. Neither is it made clear whe the name ourselves for protection before equipment, an entirely new type has been will, and that something quite unexpected ther they include all the items of receipts added probably 7,000,000 taels more under and expenditure in the provinces, or only the head of Native Customs. Thus, we long. The officials, or chief, or whatever ordered from Scotts Shipbuilding and and unthought of is what will arrive."

It looks to-day as if the Cantonese oligar- those of which the Central Governmental the total Customs Revenue as now, Engineering Company of Greenock, an

To collected about 35,000,000 tals not. The can insist on taking cognisance. Signor chy which assumes the name of the Ro -associated firin with Vickers. they style themselves, modestiy predict a membership of five hundred in London Laurenti, an Italian, is the designer of publican Government of Chins will come cludo all the details of the Budget in this time is, no doubt, not far distant when the now boat, which will resemble the vcs- out on top. The Manchu Emperor is a paper would necessitate more space than Ching will expect from the Powers a revi

This is the

child of five years, born and bred in seclu- can be given; besides such details are sion of the import tariff, and their con Bela in the Italian fleet. ere many moons have passed. It was a picturesque gathering, for many of the first time a foreign design for a subsion, and although he has the prestige hardly necessary for the writer's purpose. sent to the putting in force of the Mackay the marine has been considered worth experi-of being the descendant of great men and Figures quoted, therefore, will be merely Treaty provision for an augmentation Hierce Highlanders arrived from

of duties in return for the abolished likin, suburbs in full clan costume, to the de-menting with under the direct superin the nominee of a great woman, he has round, or approximate, numbers.

In this, it seems, China is asking no more tendence of the British "Admiralty. been unfortunate in being called upon light of the Holborn youngsters and the Some people who ought to know predict to follow on his throne three successive

than justiec. Sho may also fairly expect awe of the passing Cockney. Mr. Mat-great results and are of opinion that the ponentities, Buch Sovereign can hardly

that foreigners will submit to a reasonable A class should be scrapped as soon as the be expected to inspire the enthusiasm of

stamp system. Why should we object to thew MacFarlane, the chairman, showed

China doing what we all do ourselves s0 new boats are ready, as being out-of-date the fighting man in his cause either in the that the clan has great ideas, and indeed and dangerous.

field of politics or of war.

long as she does it fairly and impartially? means to girdle the earth with a broad

The writer is of opinion that a reason-

stripe of the clan tartan, signifying the

port duties and, perhaps, a reduction of duty on exports, especially tea, may easily union of the doughty men of that ilk

able tariff revision, with increased im-

bo calculated to produca through the Cus- against all the mere Sassenachs who may

toms-even allowing for the lost opium re- chance to light upon the glint of it. To

venue quite 50,000,000-taels without the least injury to trade. begin with, similar societies will be start ed in Manchester. Birmingh, Glasgow, New York, Montreal and Cascutta, so it

WORK FOR WOMEN.

The dynasty has fallen on evil times. The Regency has been a failure-a failure largely because the Regent has been even unable to keep discipline in his own the strongest evi- family, which is

the of character. weakness

To say dence Chinese mind ean conceive.

of the growing corruption that Manchuism has been an affair of a year or two would be mis-stating the case, though it may be fairly said that its

THE EMPIRE'S REVENUE.

Tho Ministry of Finance estimated the whole revente of the year, at, say, (A tael is now about. 28. d.) A committee of the National As- 297,000,000 £aels. Rembly, ou consideration of the Ministry's figures, decided that its estimates of total too low. The Ministry estimated the expenditure as about receipts were something like 5,000,000 taels total necessary 339,000,000, representing a deficit of some- thing like 42,000,000 to be provided for in a manner which suggested complete de- The As- pendence on providential aid. sembly's committee cut down the expendi- ture figures, mainly by large reductions

Lovely woman-more or less-is get ting us mere men under a strangle hold in some cases, even though we have not yet yielded up the vote. There were four hundred applications the other day for six jobs as medical inspector for the ex- amination of the elementary public schools under the London County Coun- cil. Eventually three men and three women were selected. What pleases the is clear the movement is heading straight feminists most of all is that the three worst stage of political putrefaction, within the two important items of army and details of which are not furnished; likin,

GERMANY AND AUSTRIA..

a

although I am privately assured that good many Nationalists at Westminster would secretly rejoice over a delay, be cause it would ensure a continuance of their four hundred a year as M.P., if the Bill,fell through.

A SAD HOME-COMING,

DOWNFALL OF. THE DYNASTY.

about

The Budget also has other items of in- come unclassed duties, 98,000,000 taels, 43,000,000 tacle, now abolished; Govern went Property," 48,000,000 taels: and other miscellaneous revenuo, 46,000,000 taels more-or, say, 140,000,000 taels in all. official property," that the income One would be inclined to assume from its name, from it (46,000,000, taels) was a firm asset, though one would also like to know more about it.

The

INTIMATIONS

ERUPTION COVERED HIS 3 CHILDREN

From Head to Foot Heartrending to See Them Suffer Such Pain. Used Cuticura Soap and Oint- ment and Itching Stopped.

"My theo, children were covered with sores from head to foot and hands and arm9. They arst came out on the back like a lot

of little blisters. filled with water, and then broko into farge sotes till their back, arma and legs were nothing but 30rea It was heart- rending to see the little things suffer with such pain and they would. acratch thesolves to pieces bad they not benn stopped.

"I tried several inc Lots garkiefer and gil Linds of omtments but. nothing seemed to do them any good. Thoy simply got watERS until a friend of mine told me to gél some Cutleura Goap and give them a good hot bath sad then apply sotne Cutfcura Gint ment. I did and alter I had dressed thern time or two and used two tablets of Caticura Hoap and two boxes of Cuticura Ointment the places began to dry up and the ching Booted to have stopped, as the children could go >sleep as soon as they were bathed and the Ointment applied.

**They had suffered about two months until I started with Culcura Remedies. I used Blx tablets of Soap and about the same of Ointment and they soon began to look bright and healthy again, and new skin began to grow, I am pleased to say they are keeping so, but I am still keeping Cutteurs Saay and Ointment by me. It is a good thing for scalda and burns. (Signed) Viliam Dunn, 145 Branstone Itd., Burton-on-Trent, England, Mar. 12, 1011.

A liberal sample of Cuticura soap and Oint- ment with 32-p. Look free from nearest depot: F. Newbery_ Sons, 27. Charterhouse .. London: It Towns Lennon, Lid., Cape & Co. Sydney, NSW

Town; Muter Maclean & Co., Calcutta-and Hombay; Potter Drug & CHCIR. COED., sole props.. Boston, V. 9. 4.

87-1

Chs. J. Gaupp & Co.,

JEWELLERS,

AND OPTICIANS,

Always have on hand a large stock of Scientific and Surveying Instruments.

Microscopes and Optical Goods, Zeiss Prism Binoculars,

Voigtlaender Telescopes, Watches and Clocks.

all the malodorousness, has only been education, to about 261,000,000, thus turn- for China seas, and the manifold trades, women are to get exactly what the men

In the earlier ing the Ministry's estimated deficit of Presently reached at a recent date.

a surplus of professions and offices in the Eastern will get £400 a year each.

It must be stated that the Hemisphere wherein the burr of the North there will be a great many more appoint days of the Imperial decadence, every 42,000,000 into

ments, for the school children throughout selfish politician, every place-hunting 36,000,000. is heard and the frames of the men whose the land are to be examined, and the toady, Chinese or Manchu, had his chance figures in these last paragraphs apply only tangues roll out the "wurrds" have been

wart look for an equal share of the of ousting the more capable and honest to national revenue. Provincial expendi- plums. Meanwhile they are growing man and acquiring his share of the spoils ture of nearly 38,000,000 tacle ie not in built with guid porridge.

positively purple in their emotionel at of office if he could pay for his chance of cluded, nor how provision for it is made

The writer's advice to the Chinese Gov. Germany is now being accused of mak-tempts to indicate to us what they mean laying hold on them. The spoils were not stated. This whole budget scheme seems to do with the powers that be if the vote entirely a Mancha perquisite. Though only like a hit of arithmetical juggling ing a deal with Austria whereby she is is not given instanter. In one thing they that clan always got more than its share, on paper, and its value is not to be taken ernment would be to revise as soon as pos- if possible, reconstruct an internal re- to have a naval station at Trieste and certainly are entitled to congratulate there were enough Chinese beneficiaries wholly on its face. What value it has is sible all these miscellaneous revenues, and, The evolution and its certain results, venue and excise system on a new basis, themselves for undoubtedly the suffrage under the system to make a solid bunch simply due to its official nature. German liners eastward bound will call question has caused a split in the Cabinet which, on the principle of Benjamin

tion of any of the old Ministry's ideas in men; and especially those who get their there. This may be doubted, for Trieste and the Redmondites are mighty nerv Franklin, hung together to avoid hanging however have rendered the materialisa There is no doubt that in China the rich

aus lest the ructions should lead to the

-or decapitation separately."

their original form very improbable.wealth otherwise than from land, pay is a long way out of the course_for. a

nowadaysį

The debacle of the dynasty has been Still, one may assume that any Govern almost no taxes, and that all traders are China "liner, especially as the Austrian postponement of Home Rule, about which

there is such a shindy

revenue, national and provincial, agriculturist and the consumer. Lloyd line already have the port vory

coming since the plume of office have been ment coming into power wind provincia fiscally more leniently treated than the WATCH MAKERS, well covered. What is most likely is that

inordinately appropriated by a greedy vide

attempt 201

to and tax which should fall In making his general Germany has merely made arrangements

and extravagant coterie of princes, prin- of close on 400,000,000 taels, on which Consumption Tax, invented in connection cesses, dowagers, and satellites. There 58,000,000 (and likely much more) for in- with the Mackay Treaty to replace the to use the port as a coaling station, a move

was nothing then left for the clever young terest and amortisation must be assumed likin, showed Chinese, who are in a hurry to see their to be a fixed charge. that makes no difference to the present

American and Japanese education and estimates the writer ignores what he con- principally on the trading clase. Some- situation, go far as our Admiralty is con-

The Town Clerk of Southwark, Mr. Treaty Port experience bear golden frait, siders the very impolitic suggestion of thing on similar, but improved, lines It should cerned, for the provision would not be John Arthur Johnson, well known. in but to change the régime not only that, the Tzu Cheng Yuan, that the army and might now form the foundation on which but to get rid of the old school and the education votes should be cut down-eyen a new kind of taxation to replace abolish- considered as being directed against us Baptist circles, has died suddenly under at all. But it is over in Africa that circumstances that have roused the sym old men. Hence the cry, much like what if cutting down the former would be im-ed charges could be framed,

The Manchus faces empty treasuries, national and pro- so devised that its incidence should be almost an entire continent seems to bepathy of all especially religious, mis they probably heard in San Francisco, roediately possible. The new Government aim at being of a kind easily collected and must go." If they said, "Manchuism vincial; it has abolished taxes eg, likin made to fall on the now least burdened ia travail. Abyssinia, though it licked ionary and old China hand circles. His applied to themselves:

son, who is a missionary in China, was the Italians so thoroughly some years ago, about to land at Portsmouth last Mon must go," one could entirely sympathias supposed to realize 40,000,000 taels a year shoulders. One of the difficulties of Chi- sees danger in the way the Powers are day, so the father decided to meet him with them. Manchu autocracy probably whish it will find it hard to re-establish, nese duty collection is the army of small all legitimist autocracy-in China is gon and it has established, by the unrest it officials necessary to collect duties pay Just before he started, however,

for ever whether or not the Manchu has produced, a laxity of tax-paying and able by many payers in petty sums.

This is the year (1912) in which the bent on parcelling out the Dark Con-thero.

he was taken ill and had to be removed

One of the first Mackay Treaty is liable to revision, and Accordingly tinent to suit themselves.

The son therefore dynasty, even in expurgated and constitua difficulty of tax-collecting which is sure to a nursing home.

The That is a quest in very necessities of a new Government will be the revision seems to the writer desirable the army is being overhauled and rein-received a hurry call by talegram instead tional form, can maintain any art of to mean revenue loss forced: a commission is to sook fresh arm- of a personal greeting, and hastening to sovereignty. ament in Europe, and the proposal is London be found his father eritioal and likely to be decided adversely, though like to replenish the empty treasuries with in every way and from all sides.

unconscious. The same condition con- everything else in China, survival must be funds, almost of necessity borrowed, to treaty is imperfect always was and no under consideration for engaging antinued for several hours, and the father caunted a possibility, be it never so un-carry on till a stable fiscal and a proper one understands the causes of its impor Anglo-Indian officer to train the forces died without being able to express the expected. While there's life there's hope. currency system are established. That it fections better than the writer, but it lays admit that the prospect of a Republic work to establish both goes without say been allowed to become dead letters. There is no reason why they should not be on really modern lines, so as to equip greeting he had so long desired to offer. One may, for the moment, be forced to will be its duty to immediately set to down certain sound principles which have revivified in a bettor and more practical them with the latest military methods in Many local, municipal and other mes.

must suspect that the chance of its heing caso they should presently have to face ages of condolence have been sent to the being catablished is a likely one, but one ing.

As to future prospects, one would like form in the hands of some broad-minded family, for the deceased official was wide-

What one ear as to begin by assuming that a new Govern- negotiators. a white army sent by some European Daly respected, both in London and the pro-able to keep its hold on a nation once an

Empire is unlikely. sume as probable and the best that can ment will aim at being an honest Govern- tion gready for more African territory. Not only is Germany reputed to have

The other day I came across Major W. be expected for China during the next two ment, Next, we may ask what the Gov- or three years-is a Government, so far ernment can count upon definitely when made a secret arrangement with us to

A. Denny, who some years ago was

of an unknown form, which will try to conditione are sufficiently settled to allow of taxes being collected, and how will any Let us consider pick up big slices of Portuguese Africa, A.D.C. to the Governor in Hongkong and with ourselves-taking the rest, but France a keen enthusiast in rifle shooting. He establish and maintain itself under diffi is bent on a new trans-Sahara railway tells me he is interested with a number culties with limited enthusiastic support deficit be made good,

of very influential men in service and and probably much pussive indifference upon what resources it may rely. First,

A notable event in the history of British appropriately, the crown rent. The 10 that, if carried out, will alter the condi- commercial life in a new target device not far removed from opposition.

To get ourselves out of this uncertainty there is the land tax, or, to call -it-more that has lately been attracting the atten-

It re- there is but one policy-wait and see. We Budget estimated its receipts at 48,000,000 insurance is the granting of a Royal tions of at least a guarter of the co-

must leave China to herself to do her own taels a year. Sir Robert Hart estimated Charter to the Insurance Institute of the Chartered Insurance In- tinent. Frenchmen with colonial enthu-tion of the War Office experts.

cords the result of the shot on the target siasm, and their dumber is greater than precisely and automatically, entirely business in her own way, so long as she that it might be made to yield 400,000,000 Great Britain and Ireland, which now

From the plays the game, even if she plays it unskil-We must assume the latter assertion was becomes is supposed, are keen to unite the Cen-dispensing with markers.

The effect of the grant must be to add One

an estimate could hardly he expected to be tral African territories that are under

fally. It might become another question based on very crude information, as such stitute.

the tricolor with Algeria and the now

if she tried to play it unfairly, call for consideration at a very early that a great deal of land, from river - and weight to the certificates and dip region of Morocco that has come definite

thing, however, is absolutely certain to reached. On the other hand, it is known to the dignity of the insurance profession

ly under French authority. To push this

date, and that is the financial prospect cretions, &c., which should pay land tax, lomas of the Institute. This body holds in China! scheme a society has been started in Paris called the "Union Francaise pour la realisation des Chemins de fer Trans africains." Under the auspices of this organisation an expedition is just setting out from Algiers to eross the Sahara and make its way to the Niger and Lake Tchad with the object of surveying the Strategically best route for the line.

vinces,

A NEW TARGET DEVICE.

opinions of the experts it would seem that it will produce efficiency in a far shorter time than anything now used and therefore may be looked for to become generally used in the near future. The Japanese are already after it, I hear..

HOME RULE

FISCAL PROSPECTS.

THE LAND TAX.

GRANT OF A CHARTER TO THE INSURANCE INSTITUTE.

A NOTABLE DEVELOPMENT.

is exempted, because it has never been examinations for which students are pre placed on the ancient registers that, ua pared at insurance institutes throughout To begin by detailing in order the que revised, form the basis of the collection the country, and in fature officials will We have plenty of ideas born of our own isles as to the different readings that tions which will arise, we may ask first, Also it is known that many rich land be able to quality to become associates All classes of insurance are or will be may be given to the term "Home Rule." What is the financial condition of Chias owner pay just what they like-and and fellows of the parent institute.....

to-day? Then, what are its prospects, for always too little-being able to coerce col- In fact at this moment the men who are

suming that the fiscal position of the clamouring most for it seem to be divided better or worse, in the near future? lectors by the dread of their using politiincluded within the sphere of the Char- in their notions of what they really want.

country could not he put on a sound basis cal influence to the latter's injury. It is tezed Insurance Institute, though there But the other day there was a debate at

without borrowed funds, where will the also woll understood that the amounts col-will be absolutely no trenching on the lected in most cases exceed the figures preserves of the old-established Chartered gathering of the East India Association on Home Rule for India, and the variety funds for doing this come frun i

To

non-tariff offices

of conceptions of it knocked the Irishmen what extent will they be required! What shown in the bill or receipt. Collectors Institute of Actuaries, which trains men there can be no doubt about the value of silly. One Indian speaker looked for a security, tangible or intangible, will the have a system of manipulating currency in actuarial science. The cultivation of the enterprise, for the tribesmen in the time when we shall have a Hindu-British borrower have that his interest and cani conversion in such a way that they really life assurance and the organization of Lake Tchad region are frequently out of be hand.

Moreover, the remnants of the confederation on equal terms with the system will be necessary not only to make at least two or three times, perhaps five the curriculum of the Chartered In- Another de the security safe, but to make the coun- or siz times, as much as they represent surance Institute as in the corresponding alave trade would receive its death blow self-governing colonies. in north-westora Africa from such a demanded full independence here and now, try's credit reliable? And in this connee in their account. The writer himself is & institute of the past. The examinations the national credit legally and formally what he gets a receipt for. What becomes insurance officials, if members of local statement by the declaration that Eng.

Though the charter has only now been velopment of French control, while there spot cash, so to speak. He added to this tion one may parenthetically observe that land tax payer, and he always pays twice and facilities will be available for all pledged is the only real security for any of this surplus collection it is hard to say. institutes, whether engaged in tariff or are resources south of the desert that land is ruining Indie, spreading disease,

loan Guarantees and pledges are all Quite possibly calling it squeeze is not very well for advertising purposes, but altogether just; in part, at least, it meets

their work in connexion with the applica have been but imperfectly tapped by the encouraging famine and playing havoc with the commerce a sufficient travesty camel routes. So the military party are

of the truth. It was curious to see a small

annihilate pledges, as it has done in the cannot be put in accounts rendered on secure it for some two years past, and for All things considered, it seems to the tion to the Privy Council the insurance matter of Lakin. If certain revenues are forma centuries old. for it: but whether the cabinet of all section of the Indians present applaud we have already seen that revolution can expenditure which, though legitimate, granted, a movement has been on foot to the talents" under Premier Poincaré,ing such rubbish. Some of our ex indian

realised by a foreign collectorate, with- which is essentially a cantions Cabinet, officials, such as Sir J. D. Rees, Sir Wil pledged, how can interest or security be writer that the land tax could, with even community is specially indebted to Mr.

liam Plowden and others, declared for.

out to a greater or leas extent violating crade resurvey of the land, and with an O. Morgan Owen, the first President of the independence of China and exciting bonest collectorate, be made to realise at the Chartered Institute, and to the Pré- least 100,000,000 taels probably more. will put up the money is another matter Home Rule of a kind, the natives being

The second great revenue item of aa- altogether. It is, however, a connection encouraged more and more as time went ou to take an interest in their local af

When we attempt to discuss China's that has for a long time been in the minds

fea." These are lumped together as pro- This, they said, had been the popular resentment } of the men who dream for the glory of faire.

Sir J. D. Rees the republic. Last year, there was a plan ideal of British Government for the great financial question to-day, we are by notional income is on the tax un alt and means certain that we can do so with scducing 49,000,000 odd taels a year The caracy. There has never been any state prepared for a service of aeroplanes, ander part of a century.

maintained that many of the races of the route was surveyed, but the engineer-

ment, full and complete, issued from any fact that the Selt Gabelle is one of the Government, is well known; furthermore, ing difficulties and the lack of suitable Indis were able to manage their own af-

official or really responsible authority of lax and corrupt departments of the All those who have written on the subjects is realised, the reform of this adminis stations for starting and alighting caused fairs, but none of them were able to the promoters to put it off. Now, with ensure an equivalent to paz Britannica Moroccan schemes also in the back of without which successful local admini- including such authorities at Sir Robert tration will be exceptionally difficult, based on privileges for which considers their minds; the schemers for African stration was impossible, It was in that Hart, Mr. George Jameson, and Mr. H.

thoir conclusions largely on estimates Itions have been paid. The writer was told colonisation desire a more permanent that the necessity for British rule in B. Morse, have been compelled to base owing to vested interests of ancient date prders to construct a battleship, to be named connection with the south

India lay.

sidents of the Insurance Institute of Great Britain and Ireland for 1911 and 1910, Mr. F. W. P. Rutter and Mr. 8. Stanley Bown respectively

A NEW BATTLESHIP FOR JAPAN. The Kure Naval Station has received

the Fuse, which will have an aggregate be laid forthwith. tonnage of over 20,000 tons. The keel-will

AGENCIES":

45

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