1909-01-11 — Page 5

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THE PROPOSED HONGKONG UNIVERSITY.

¡Continued from page 3.j poading the grant of a charter. In any onse we desire that the degron issued shall be in no way Inferior to that given by a European of American University and shall be as widely and fully recognised.

Se sabu as a sufficient endowment fund has been subscribed, and the donor of the buildings willing to commmence their erection, tho Committee of Management will take into con- siderating the yariona questions of organisation which prosent themselves, such as the amount of the fees to be charged to students, the numbers and salaries of the Professorial Staff to be engaged, and of local lecturers, the extent to which residence in the University shall be unforced, and the charges for food, washing, &e. Until the scheme is fully inaugurated, however, it premature to discuss these. The only decisions of present therefore are that the two faculties which shall first be established are Medicine and Applied Science-and that the University shall be open to all races and creeds.

As regards the clafuis of the Faculty of Medi- eine I may quote the following page from the draft appeal of the College of Medicine:

It is an admitted fact that the ignorance of the Chinese population in reference te sanitation has had much to do with the tremendous eam. mercial losses sustained since plague became endomie in Hongkong. To dispel that ignor ance there can be no more potent agency than to spread broadcast among the Chinese com murity men of their own race, carefully trained Western medicine and Wastera ennitary Bolence, to go from house to house incaleating the principles they have been taught, and leavening the masses of the people with con Adence in these principles. And this College has done, is doing, will do, in this respect, what can be dong in no other way and by no other

ufeney.

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THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, JANUARY 11TH, 1909,

The proof of China's desire for Western knowledge is found in the increasing number of young men who leave their homes to study in Europe, Amerion, and Japan, and in the increasing number of institutions based on Western models which are springing up in Chius itaoif., On-onoh of these two phenomena I have a word to my':

I have already said that the cost involved by a parent in sending his son to Europe or Ainorica amounts to £200 or £300 per annum, in addition to passages. Many are therefore do barred from going.

But the question of cost is not the only one A Chinese gentleman, who had received his education in England, recently told me that in responss to many inquirers he had always insisted that it was negless to send a boy abrood for a loss period than 10 years. A hinese parent has therefore to reckon with the fact that he will not see his son again until he has changed out of all recognition, und in so long a residence in a foreign country it is inevitable that he should become greatly denationalised. The same gentleman told me that it was the common experience to Bad these young men on return to China despising their country and their paron tage-o hybrid European with a veneer of foreign manners badly laid on a Chinese frame work.

"Surely it needs no demonstration that a University in Hongkong where Chinese youths maintaining a Chinese do of life, and brought up in a Chinese environment, whence they can, during vacation, prossed to their own home, or where they can be visited by their parents, and so keep touch and retain their family affections, and their patriotism-will appeal to Chinese parents even if the cost be no less than education in Europe?

"I have heard, too, that Chinese parents find by experience that their sons often return from a course of study is a foreign country with re- volutionary ideas and become a danger to the State. It should be the special care of the Hongkong University to soo that no such pernicious doctrines are encouraged or tolerated here.

Thote remains Japan. Education there is not so expensive as in Europe and America, but I learn that the Chinese Government has cessed to send pupils to that country. The experience of the past has shown that students from Japan ar to contract revolutionary ideas, and I believe that there is also a feeling among Chiness that the Japanese are but recent pupils of Western knowledge them- selves, and that it is better to learn from the fountain head.

As a matter of fact, most of the licentiates alreally qualified settled in the Colony, itself. Ail the dispensaries established by the Chinese thaawolves in various parts of Victoris, in Yamati, Huayhem and old Kowloon City, for the express purpose of assisting the Government to enforce its sanitary laws, are moaned by licentiates of this College. Other licentistes are in direct Government service in the New Territory and on the Railway works; some are resident surgeons in the hospitals for the Chinese; and several are practising their pro- fossin privately among their own people ia Moreover, a pupil in Japan would hardly re various parts of the Colony, and in this capacity ceive such facilities for acquiring the English gaining access to the homes and the confidence language as he would in an English University of the Chinese, rich and poor alike. These men where the medium of instruction is English, are szerting a wide, and a widening, influence and I hold it to be essential to the granting of a towards the breaking down of Chinese pro Western degree, that the holder should have a judiogy and Chinese obstruction to that better thorough grasp of the language in which the sanitation in which it recognised on all literature of that knowledge written, and be hands. He a happier future and a yet greater able to read the original authors for himself. commercial prosperity for this Colony.

Medicino takes the first place since human life comes bufore commercial profit, and because the existing Medical College in Hongkong forms the nucleus of the scheme. The second faculty is that of Applied Soienes, and it needs as demonstration to show how greatly China stands in need of engineers, surveyors, electricians, etc., for the railways, and the mechanical works which are now being inaugurated.

In patting forward the scheng I have onphosised my view that the University should be under the management of a Senate of its own, and should rely upon its own funds. The Hongkong Government, if the Secretary of State conoura, is willing to give a fully auguste and very valuable site, but it can scoopt no inanelul responsibing for the succes of the project. The continuance, for some years at least, of the grants at presont given to the Medicalollege and Technical Institute (aggre. gating 15.800) may be hoped for, but the rights of the Legislative Council in voting the Aunaal Estimates, and of the Secretary of State must be maintained unimpaired."

Disenssing the question of the necessity of employing English as the rehicle of instruction

I observed:-

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which is useful alike to those who adopt official | pavilion, or scimmercial carvers.

"Some centuries ago Latin was the common language of the savants of the West and the Literature of soientific investigation was written in that tongue: The vast populations of China speak no common language, nor is the Chinese written language well adapted as a vehicle of Western knowledge for which at present it has no adequate vocabulary. If then for a period Chinese should find it necessary, as the nations of the West did, to aso an ulied tongue as e common medium for new thoughts and expressions, I should imagine that no language would be more suitable than English, which already in a pidgin form constitutes a medium for the exchange of ideas between merchants of the North and South. If 'pidgin English has served as a medium for commerce, why should not Kige Bhgish serve as the medium for Western education ?

In this way the project which takes definite shape to-day may have very far reaching effects. I claim that it will promote a closer under standing and good feeling between ourselves and the Chinese, that it will simulate commerce, and that it will in particular benefit this Colony, not only in those indirect ways, but by hanging

into closer relations with the gentry of Chima whose sons are being educated in Hongkong, and who will no doubt occasionally visit them hero. Germany and France have both sess the advantage of establishing a University, and I anxious that we should not awake from our traditional apathy too late and find ourselves already forestalled.

OBJECTS OF THE UNIVERSITY. Finally I have a brief word to say regarding the objects which in my view the University should keep before it. I would place among the foremost of those objects the training of charuster. I would hope that the graduates of Hongkong would establish for themselves a reputation as patriotic and loyal citizens whether of this Colony or of Ching-that during their sojourn here they shall learn to appreciate British ideals of justice and fair play, in short that while remaining in every respect Chinese, the University shall turn out men of apright character and not morely pour now wine into old bottles and evolve machines capable of

Passing examinations, bat incapable of moral control.

In furtherance of this object I propose that the students shall reside in the University and that the permanent staff shall be also resident there. They will thus har opportunities of promoting the moral and the physical develop. men of the students out of lecture hours, no less than the intellectual in the class room.

In the second place the aim of the Univer sity should be to afford an education adapted to the careers which its graduates inted to adopt-a sound, practical, socular education. We hare seen in India and elsewhere the harn which is done by a system of higher education not based on such principles, which las in fact produced a class of young men of high intel- lectual attainments, bat without a correspond. ing development of character-men for whom there are no adequate openinge and careers in life. The same thing has happened in Afrise,

a gymnasium, a swimming bath. an entrance lodge, tennis courts, &e. The Government is proparel, abject to the con currence of the Secretary of State, to give a vary fine site probably the only one suitable for such a purpose in the Colony. The moment in singularly opportune, for if the University is will he built on a separate and very cramped not inangarated now the College of Medicine site, and it is hopeless to anticipate that it will ever then become a Faculty of the University. Whether we are able to avail ourselves of these generous offers, and of this present opportunity depends upon whether wo can raise an adequate Endowment Fund-which is put at £110,000 including farnishing and the equipment of Libraries and the Laboratories and Engineors, Shops, &c., Mr. Mody's offer remains open for six months. In those siromastances I earnestly appeal to all who desire on the one hand to aggist China in acquiring Western knowledge, and on the other hand to extend British prestige, and the knowledge of the English language, in the East, to assist in the project.

FO LUGARD.

Hongkong, Jeuliary, 1909.

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I turn to the other point-the growth of in- stitutions in China itself based on Western models. We have heard recently of & Training College for candidates for the Imperial Marle "The graduates from the Hongkong Univer time Customs in Peking, and incidentally I am sity will have before them all the limitless glad to note that it is stated that half the suo- opportunities which the Empire of China offers, AS SUPPLIED TO THE HOUSE OF coastal candidates at the dust part of the en- both in the ranks of uncial life, and in the trance examination were from Hongkong Hero falde of commerce, and the proxions of LORDS, AND HOUSE OF COMMONS, the medium of instruction is to be English, the Media, Fagineering, etc., in addition to the course to be for four years, the subjects Finance, opportunities offered by our own and neigh- Foreign Language and Composition, Mathe-bearing Colonies, matica, Geography, International Law and Treaties. It is probable that we may obtain many useful suggestions for our University, when the time comes to open its doors to students, from the experience of this admirable institution. :

"I say, too, that it is announced in the papers that an Imperial University is to be stavushed in Peking. There is also the French Medical College at Chongtu which issues degrees and

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intended to develop in a University there is the admirable Anglo-Chinese College at Amoy the Vollege at Tientsio, and nearer home, the Ta Hsush Tang at Canton, which boasts of Japanese professors. The Hongkong University will not be in opposition to or a rival of these Chinese Colleges, but will co-operate with them, especially with the College at Can- ton in the endeavour to provide increased. facilities for Higher Education.

"From all these I hope to obtain data to guide us in our decisions as to the scope, the fees to be charged, the general management and all

The model upon which our University is basuti should, in my opinion, approximate rather to that of Birmingham or Leeds than to that of Oxford or Cambridge or Calcutta. Our Faculty of pience should deal rather with the

applica tion of science to industries and with its commercial utility than with to donné qua theoretical branches. Our Faculty of Medicine will strive to produce fall qualified practitioners, and even a Degroo of Arts, (if we should decide to establish one later on for the sons of gentry who aim at official posts) should inchide subjects of practical utility, International Law and Tresties, Geography, Comparative History, and (I would add) the Chinese Literature and classics, so that it should not be said of na as it was said of India by Mr. Fraser that ninety per cent. of the men who pass examinations for. English dogrces are unable to write or read the language of their own parents.

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It is not, in my view, to establish a Univer- sity on lines which might equally well be adopted in Canton, where students could be tanght in Chinese and be entirely disassociated from British influences: On the contrary we desire to promote a closer widerstanding of the sequisition of the English language. We beliore value to us, and from some of them no that the language is the best medium for impart doubt wille English-speaking candidates jug Western knowledge, and that by acquiring through our Ambasador at Tokyo and the a handy in it students will beat fit themselves Mister for Education in Japan some weeful for success in after life whether they adopt a information regarding Higher Education in that profession or become officials in the service of country together with copies of the Imperial their country at the Capitals or abroad Nor University Calendar, the Higher Commercial must it be forgotten in this connection that if School Calendary the Technological School Chinese were adopted as a median, it would not Calendar, and the report of the Education only be found most dithealt if not impossible to Department. I have also received from the express Western technical terms and instruction Bishop useful books referring to the Liverpool in it, but also it would not serve as a medium for University. All these I will lay before the Chinese from different parts of Chino. Stad- Managing Committee. onte from different provinces would require separate interpreters. In order, however that Chinese students may benefit to the fullest extent. I have said that, in my opinion, a small staff of asistant teachers should be engaged to -explain lectures and enable the Chinese to obtain an explanation of any matter they did act fully understand.”

The advantages both to China, to the British Empira, and to this Colony of establishing University are thus summed up by Dr. Ho Kai, C.M.C., Senior Unofficial Member of the Hong kong Legislative ouncil, who himself holds full qualifications both Law and in Medicine-

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"I may add in conclusion that I have dis- cussed this project with the British Minister at Peking, and that I found him strongly in sup- General at Canton. I belieys that I correctly underwood these high judges to think that the Chinese Governme, as well as the Provincial Government at Canton, will be thetic

wards it, and Dr. Ho Kal will, I think, be able to Inform us that the principal cities of Southhina will welcome it. Extracts from Home newspapers have been sent to me strongly approving of the scheine, and I know that there are those among the most influential of the members of both the present and the late Government who warmly support the idea.

"I feel confident that the entire community But it may be asked, looking to this already will recognise the importance of this project. It rapid development, may it not be assumed that will place Hongkong in a unique position in the China will provide her own Universities if she Far East. It will no doubt have far-reaching brede them, and may we not therefore find the effects upon the prestige and influence of Hongkong University superfinous? The reply Great Britain throughout the Chiasse Empire. to that question is I think that for a country It will, I think, bu the most important step with a population of four hundred millions, taken in the recent history of this olmay, I there can be no fear that any University will take therefore this opportunity of inviting these find a lack of students. There are moreover gentlemen, whether European or Chinose, whose the populations of our own and neighbouring interests urs bound up in this Colony, or who Colonies to be provided for. I saw it stated desire to see British influence extended in the recently in the local Press that 58 Chinese Far East, or who would welcome a project youths, sons of rich merchants at the Straits, which wonki ussists the friendly Empire of were passing through Hongkong on their way Clins to obtain the Western knowledge which to Nanking to study Chinese and Western so many of her sons are now seeking and which some of them would can only obtain at great cost, and by exile proceed to

(E) aropean youthis in this Colony and the knowledge, land. For students, such as from their country, to come forward and sup-.

numerous parts of China will have an instita

tion close at hand affording them professional these our University might provo a great boon. port Mr. Mody in his munificent donation, and technical edcuation equal to that given by By the time Chius las provided Universities enable us to give effect to his generous effort, similar estallishments at home, thus saving ours will have attained too assured a position to by subscribing a sum adequate to carry out the them much expense, trouble, and long separs-fear any rivals. Merchants do not fear that the scheme in its entirety. It is, I am aware, not hon from their parents and families; Chinese dookyarda in which they have embarked their well chosen time at which to make an appeal beys here and from all parts of the Chinese money will be left, derelict by progress in China. for large fund but it is unavoidable, for the gift Empire derive similar benefits, ouly perhaps Moreover Hongkong will have many special which I have announced compels ns to act at in a greater degree; and young men of all other advantages to offer. Its degree will be recog: once and for my part I think it singalarly for nationalities profit in the same manner.

nised in England, its dockyards and electrical tanate that it came in time to enable us to and other works will afford practical instruction incorporate the College of Medicine in the (2) The prestige und influence of Grost Dri- tain will

thereby be enormously increased and which can hardly borivalled in hina for very project before it had become too late to do so. extended in China, and indeed throughout the will, on the one hand, form su attraction to extended support including the China Associa many years, its location in a British Colony

I feel sure that we may count on still more Far East.

(3) The commerce, industry, wealth and students who desire to chtain opportunities for tion, and that considerable action of the British

colloquial prosperity of this Colony will be routed in the Western striostphere as well as the mere dry eager to asiet in any project which makes for English and to acquire something of public who are interested in the Far East and the large number of men of substance and thenes bringing their sons and relatives hither houss of knowledge, and on the other hand, to progress and enlightenment, as well as from the to be educated, and by the presence of a con-

Professora might lose willingly accept an Chinese gentlemen who are so conspicuous for aiderable number of persons having a useful exile in China. In the Medical Faculty more their liberality."

especially, Hongkong can offer facilities for knowledge of modern arts and selence."

The present position therefore stands My own view both as to the advantages of practical anatomy in the dissecting room which follows:--

A very fine set of buildings has been promised. preoludes in China.

DS

the scheme, and the objects whieli should be kept Chinese prejudice, at present at any those include 6 lecture rooms, 3 laboratories,

in view were explained in the following passages

fa speech to the General Committee

of

*No one will, I think, be found to deny the statement that the Empire of China has awakened to the necessity of acquiring Western kaowledge, and I think that it will be no less readily admitted-looking to the close proximity of Hongkong to China ani to the fact that the large majority of the population of this Colony are Chinose, and to the traditional relations which have existed between the British and Chinese -flat there is no community which can more efficiently assist in promoting the aequisition of that knowledge than ourselves.

The establishment of a University in Hong- a large hall, & large dining room, 2 Bibraries. kong world beyond doubt carry many steps with lavatories, offices and professora rooms on further the useful work already achieved in the the ground floor and 4 large dormitories on past by Queen's College, which has as we know, the first floor. Detached from the main build- educated many men who are now holding high ing is an anatomical laboratory, a recreation: official positions in China. The success of that College should augur well for the University HOW TO BE BEAUTIFUL Keep your com- with its wider scope.

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