1908-07-01 — Page 5

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THE IRECTORY AND

.FOR 1908.

F

BRONICLE

Copies may be obtained at the "FLONGKONG DELY Pates". OFFICE or from Booksellers throughout the Far East;

Hongkong, 15th February, 15:48,

NOTICE TO KOWLOON RESIDENTS

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, JULY 1st, 1908,

- SIR HALLIDAT MACARTNET.

.

́did not, like China and Tackey, wait until it was formed upon them and nutil all power of similation wear gone

H.

Mr. Archibald R. Colishono writes — Everyone who during the last thirty years Falset thoughtful Europeans who had studied has had any interest in Chits knew Halliday Things Chinese would have echoed this Macartney who for all practical purposes dar prophecy at the time it was pitared-lo 1876. ing, the greater part of that time wit the But to some of us there is always presont tha Chiese Legation in London Thoro wansonse of great naspont forco in Chins which always a Minister, of course, more or less im- must evertaslly toll, and might falsify all our prendive and courtly in appearance and manner, estimates as it cooms to be doing now. In the but Macartney, with his white, fuseratably face, arlier passages of Sir Halliday's connection with his light, inaxpressive eyes, hia Dandreaty the Chinese we and alight, bat-in the fact of whiskers, and his calm, dəliberate speech, “ es- recent developments-signifipant notions of the If thinking in three languages," represented for way in which the Chinese could fight when well most of us all that ● Legation stands for in the led. They fought well under Gardon, of course, way of information, and in the world of high but they sing fought under Ward and Borgevine diplomacy he pulled the strings which set, and under the Taiping leaders, while Lang, the greater man dancing... Caing his had two organiser of the brief divad Chinese Navy, said devoted servants of British nationality-Hall- he had no fault to do with the aman day Macartney and Robert Hart, Both have The most interesting part of the book been accused of being "more Chinese, than the is that which dosis with the Taiping Re Chineso”—as a reproach this tella to thebellion, the Ever Victorious" Army, and ground; as a description it is justified. Both Charles: George Gordon, According to Mr. were absolutely faithful to the salt the ato, and Boulger and a writer in the North China in the case of Macartney it is soknowleged by Herald Macartney was in the ruaning for the hía biographer and partial friend that he discound of the Ever Viotortons Army when comfited bis adversacion by a mental agility it was given to don. His ineficiency which they would bare thought nothing of for he was only a young Army surgeon, just coming from a Chinese" bat did not admire in rosigned from the 99th-would have been no one of their own raos. His skill in diplomacy spoial bar in Cainese ayen, but English was exercised at the expense of his own satborities wanted someone who knew his work countrymen the Chinese, he said, wore his clientshe did his best for them. One on recognise the ability and honesty of such service without being specially moved to admirs the man to whom it was possible The writer know Sir Halliday and liked him, just as he knows the Inspector-General and likes him. He recognises the sterling quality of the wors | -done by both, but in the cans of Maoutasy be oannot feel enthusiastic over the results of that work. For the most part the policy of Obina in her diplomatic encounters with England, was obstructive and Macartney

carried out. Instruc tions from Paking faithfally. In the long cou troversy over opium-he got the batter of. Lørd Granville The Foreign Ofto says A. Michie (Mr. Boalger ought to know that the Deme of this distinguished writer on Chinese affairs was Alexander, not Archibald), "was obased from cover to cover Having once got the enemy' on the run' the Marquis Teeng" that is Macartney)" did not relax his purssit until, notwithstanding one or two

actions, he capitulated witheat conditions guard

dest with the Taipinge, and Gudon was ap pointed. Macartney went to help and advira Li Hang Chang, raised a fores to garrison Sungking, and extemporised an arsenal there. Macartnoy had e diffoult task of reconciling his chief and Gordon, and thefatter cast some nap raions on his cocler and more diplomatis qountryman, which ha afterwards handsom siy withdrew; indeed, Gordon appears in a vary attractive light in his letters to Macartasy, /

INDIAN ITEMS.

Mah Hung Chao, Councillor of the Bosed of Punishment and Special Commissioner of Ins ties and Prisons, China, has arrived in Calcutta, baving been deputed to inspect the system of prisons in India.

a

Efforts are being made by the United States Department of Agriculture to introduos the (Garciała calvation of the mangosteen -Mangostana)” into parts of the Panums Caust sume where the climate and soil conditions are said to be suitable. It is not quite clear why this delicious fruit is not cultivated in Caloutta, especially ne one of its half-brothers" grows Tozariantly in the Royal Botanic Gardens, where it sete abundanos of fruit. Caleutia is dependent upon the Straits Settlements for i's supply of Mangosteens, which are brenght is large quanti. ties during the senson. The tres grows and fruits well at Barlyar, 2,000 feet above sea lèrəl, just below Ocotecamund, on the Nilgirag a'so in several parts of Ceylon.

In a way Macartney's lift was appoint mont. He left the Army, Medical Bareive, in which he had gone out to India and then to China with the 99th Regiment to throw in hir lot with the Chinese, He married a Chinese lady, and formed the ambition to become great forca nt Court, a modern verblast, the power behind the Throne at Peking. He tried to provide. Chies with arments, and after shirteen years' work was dismissed, nominally bas mae his gons were bad in reality because of Chinese jealousies. He came to Dagland with the mission after the murder of Margary, whan it was felt that bis knowledge of Chinese and his diplomatic talent were likely to Le useful. He made limself indispensable at the Logation shortly afterwards established, and remained three thirty-one years: His sphere of activity narrowed, instead of widening an years went on. This in outline is the story of bis career fairly successful and interesting one. But, as we have seen, his ambitions were never redlised. He never beame a power behind the Throne, but remained the mouthpisco of the Peking Court, He hoped to attain Miclatorial rank, to go to Paris se the representative of Peking-he married en seconde noces a French lady, and made many Fronch frien 'a-but the death of his friend and patron,

ron, Marquis Tseng, destroyed his hopes in this direction and he remained merely Beoratory, although uo ordinary

of Legation. The involved each time a ratification of big office, and although he had become almost an institution in Portland place be did not always like the ohanges ho bad to witness. When Lok-Fang-loh cam in 1897-a voluble, English-speaking Minister, of low official grade-Macartney wanted to resign, but eventually he stayed on till advane India imports a very large quantity of tobacco, ing age and feebleners (especially after the cigars and oigarattan from foreign countries. loss of his second wife) forced him to rotiro at Thus, last year she imported 1,224,8'8lbs of the end of 1905. His last bit of active work-anmanufactured tobacco, valued at Rs. 6,35,109, wan tho negotiation (much prolonged) over the regulations for importing Chinage coolies into the Transvaal, and so well satisfied was he with the sonditions scoured that he came out of his retirement to protest against the Chinese slavery fiction when it was being used for election purpose,

change of Moralaxy

which

mé

The amount of silver coin held in the Paper Carrenoy Roser re in Indio on May Blat was Rs 26 28 crores, against Rs. 24:75 crores on May 22ad; geld coin and bullion Rs. 239 orores against Rs. 259 crores, and silver bullion under coinago Re: 786 against the same amount, on May 22ad, respectively. Gold and bullion held to the Paper Currency Reserve in England was R4, 105 proren agalust £1 555 crores on May 2nd. There was no trauster of gold between the Paper Currency Reserve and the Gold Sisudard Reserva dering the week. The silver held in the Gold Standard Reserve consisted of Rs. 80 lakhs (the permanent unclear of its ilver branch) and Rs 287 Jakha paid into the rezerve out of the proceeds of sterling bills drawn on the Secretary of Stata, in addition to Rs. 2 6 lakhs treld: in deposit la the Treasury on account of further bills drawn but not yet presented for paymaat in Loud Securities held in India and in Eugland are Rs. 999 and Rs. 2 crores, respectively The total amount of notes in circulation was Rs. 4481 crores, of - bich R-082 crores were in Reserve Tren-- suries and Rs. 3798 elsewhere.

which was some Rs 40010 mere than in the previous year. In cigara alio masived 117,554 bs., valued at R 4,96,192. But it is in the imports. of oigarettes that the supply is gelog up yearly in a very remarkable manner. The quantily imported last year was 3.634, 1926, valued at R1. 61,19,760, against 2,912,341be. vained st One of his most useful services to his ema. 45,97,34 in the preceding year. This ployers was the way in which he cultivated the indicates that the cigarette habit is growing Press, both in England and on the Coutinent. among the people of the chantry. The cheap. la China he had the good aftens of the foreign best of the coveral imported kinds of oigarottos papers, and be secured similar relations in places these weeds within the reach of the Europe by his intimacy with such man as poorest atros Arab,” Unfortunately the Blowitz, and Villars (of the Journal des statement issued by the Government of fadis Debata), and other infantial witors. He does not give the countries of origio, and we saldam wrote himself over his own signature, are thus left to sujostice. We know that the but one article which created no small stir largest quantity of cheap oigarettes are of at the time, which appeared in the Asistic American origin. Egyptian and Turkish Quarterly in 1887, was practically written by oigaretten come next him, though it was signed by Marquis Trong

Bat daring the list is diplomatic achievemente included the

Industrial Exhibition held in Calcutta, country- made or Swadeshi cigarettes were very much opium negotiations, prolonged for nine years, in evidence. Indeed, it is not clew why Indis, Lafter 383

China got what she wanted, and chars tabneon is so largely grow, should not The cultivation of opiam

in China was largely manufacture her own oueap oigarettes, lastend stimulated--the net result of a hot anti-opiam of being dependent upon the United States for, agitation in this country; the Burma question, them. in which China secured the recognition of bar suzerainty (afterwards bartored away), and a les forfanate epis do in the Treaty with Russia after the Kaldia dispate, in which Chine nominally regained her territory but ANTI-RITISH REVOLUTION IN SOUTH AFRICA. felt strategical positions in Russian hands. It is interesting to read the views of Macartney and his Chinese correspondents on Kores,overnment by the commandoss. They have The present government of South Africa is which they regarded as indispensable lo China from her strategic position. The negotin- bar pat ia to power by this British Government." tions with France conseruing Tongking in a speech at a banquet given by the Duke of Lord Milner made this striking declaration gave Macartney other opportunities, and although the Treaty of 1885 was put through Westminster, as president of the Imperial by Sir Robart Hart and his assistant, South African Association, to the members, at

the Hotel Cecil. Mr. Campbell, the conditions were identical with those drafted by Macartney some time before.

So far as one can judge from the numerous letters contained this volume, which are for the most part printed in extenso without regard for their interest to the general reader, and in obronological order so that one has to dodge about in order to study, hisviews on special sah. até-Macartney was neither an admirer of the Chinese nor a great beliarer in their future, a not, which makes his loyalty to them the more Conten: Moers. A S. WATSON & CO-markable. He was soxious to educate them,

but he had misgivings.

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Chinese Daily Press),

PUBLISHED DAILY,

GOVERNMENT BY COMMANDOES.

Lord Milner's speech was a remarkable indicts acut of the Government for Its treatment of the British officials in the Transvaal and the Orange River Colony.

4

It is inevitable,” he continued, "under the Policy which the British Government hag pursued, that those South Aricans who fought for or by thised with this conatey in tuo lato war should love forward to the fatoro with anxiety, and realise that they have an uphill fight before them to maintain their ow character, traditions, and ideals, and to preserve History does not give a single instance of a for thatnasives and their children any material

people who had ever declined from a Ligh-postindusace in mosing the Intars-of- South tion among the nations of the world-and again-

Africa. Yesumed their place

y regarded the changes which e utong them; the very great. Bling rightly ness of their tra titious being hostile to the trattare boing made us part of a general change of Lingo

Is the oldest and still immessuretly the bot ideas prevout the ingresa of the new, stand as

Adrering medium among the

Native Community.

Established for over FIETY YEARS Giroulates largely throughout Southern China Indo-Chins, ato.

Terms for Advertising (Tradslation-free) can be obtained at the Of 10a, Des Voeux Road Central Hongkong; fil, Float Street, London

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Documenta translated from or into Classics" or Collegrial Chinese.

not all, the Sonth: Africa, of pre-war days, and oh of a new civilisation prevents this. The old system which weald maska the South Africa of the future resemble in many respects, though insulators, breaking the circalt and preventing coulidence in the power of Japan to exist and This business of the dismissal of off stals is the prison of the world from insing felt. I hovo cartaluly make it very unlike the Brita South

Africa of which we fondis drosmed to adapt bersulf to the new order of things, but idupan we have no exception to the-rate, a very deplorable business, though the British for she does not come under it. When she com

Government is not wholly responsible.-- menged the new régime she had not seen her

It is a stain on the cradit of our country. noon, sad, like China, declined far on towards But it is only one conspicuous illustration of a night. She was still the Land of the Rising Palioy which is altogether most deplorable. In San. She took to the new foud of her own my judgment, this drastic revolution in Soath accord and as if she felt a craving for it. She Africa could and ought to have been avoided."

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