1908-05-09 — Page 9

BRITISH NAVY ESTIMATES.

LORD GLASGOW's CRITICISMS.

DISTURBING COMPARISON.

The annual meetings of the Institution of Naval Archilocte, which extends over three days, opened at the rooms of the Royal Society of Aris, Adelphi. The Earl of Glasgow, President of the Institution, occupied the chair, and there was a large attendance of members and Associates.

The anual report of the Council, which was read by the secretary, Mr. R. W. Dave, stated that the total membership was sow 1,796 and the fancial position of the Institution was satisfactory. The Council had recaival with regret the resignation of the Earl of Glasgow from the offle of president, a position which be bad occupied will distinction and advantage to the Institution since 1901, and they expressed their cordial thanks to him for his services and their high appreciation of the courtesy and tact which he had invariably displayed during the tenure of bice (Cheers.) The report proceeded: Le Connell have ressived from Mr. A. F. Yarrow, vice-president, an offer to defray the cost (ap to £20,000) of an experi- mental tank for research purposes to be erected at the National Physical Laboratory, Busby, provided the expenses of maintenance for at arsi ten years are assured, and suggesting that the shipbuilders and shipowners of the country should be invited to guarantee the necessary amount for that purpose. Mr. Yarrow's muni Bicent for has been gratefully accepted subject to the conditions nader which it is made, sad a Committee will be formed in order to take such steps as may be soessary to carry the scheme to a successful issue." (Cheers.)

PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS

was quite evident from this programme that the axiom laid down by the Board of Admiralty the so yours ago with regard to the necessity of building each year font large armoured ships had been abandoned, at any mate for the time being. Moreover, of the cams now asked for the Government only proposed spending a vory small proportion on new ships during the current financial year.

▲ MISCHIEVOUS PRINCIPLE, "

No adequate reason: bad, ao fer as Lord Glasgow was aware, been vouchasfod for this change of polioy, It had been stated that our present position was unasafiable and that our facilities for rapid construction were a valuable asset. Loth those contentions were true for the mment. But our position woul only continue to be unassailab'o if we took the necessary steps for maintaining it. The valas of speed in construction must not be prerrated; it was only of vains if others did not achieve it. The topoly-if it can be so oslled-of rapid building must be ours to day but not to-morrow, for no unprotected monopoly could exist for log in the manufacturing world, There was no intrinsic reason why other nations whose Jards were equipped with modern plant, and whose demand for skilled workmen was kept fully suplied should not turn out warships in as short & space of time ea our own dookyards or private builders. Our relations with foreign Powers-no! wilhstading occasioual attacks of newspaper favor-were fortunately friendly, and for the moment no serious complications Government could, afford to evershadowed the political horizon. But no confine to the immediate neosition of the moment the demands which it must make upon the resources of the nation to provide for the needs of the fa ace. (Cheore) And yet this is apparently what was being done at the present time. "Baffcient unto the day is the evil thereof appeared to be the principle upon which th's The art of Glasgow, delivering his presid year's Naval Estimates had been based. No ential address, said that it was now matter of more mischievous principle, however, could be history that the past year had not been one of applied to our national defences. (Cheers) A. continous expansion in the shipbuilding and hand-to-munthy paling was one that could only angincering trades. The laws of supply and increase our difficulties in the near future, and demand wore as inexorable as ever; but la addi-a very heavy outlay would be needed before tion to the causes operating in a normal manner long if our standard of naval strength was to to bring about this remit were the fanucial

be maintained. That standard was admittedly panic-in-the-United States and the Inboar

on a rapidly-falling-gradient as rogarded new troubles which inevitably followed contraction construction at the present moment. (Hear, hear.) of business. It had recently been stated that, apart from obsolete and new berths, over 50 per cent of the shipbuilding berths North-East Ceast were vacant, and the outlook at that time was extremely unpromising. Since then the strike had assumed very formidable proportions, and bad caged much distress in the neighbourhood through loss of orders and consequent empley. ment. In the aggregate, the falling off ia tonnage launched during the past year repre sented 10 per cent. of decrease upon the totals! of the provicus year, which was the highest on record for merchant ships. Tho decrease in topange under constraction at the close of the year was, however, much greater, there being nearly 20 per cent, less work on hand than that at the close of 19. 6. One featum of the year's shipbuilding had been the proportion of vessels built for abroad, which was nearly 50 per cent above the normal supply of recent years 1 his demand had now boat mostly met, and the out look from this point of view was not much better than from that of home conmmption If the year's records had proved disappointing me regarded quantity the same could not be said of the nature of the work inned at, for there had been some remarkable developments in maritime power in a mercantile as well as naval sense. ·

SUCCESS OF THE TURDINE,

DANGER OF FROCRASTINATION,

No one doubted for a moment that, should argent necessity arise, the Government of the day, to wha ever party it might belong, would readily vote euch sums as its official advisera considered needful. But to found a policy of procrastination apon the uncertain value of this eleventh hour rem sly was surely to jeopardise our navel position and saddle the future with su unknown and possibly unlimited liability. (Cheers.)

thie

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, MAY 9TH, 1708.

position of honour would not be held by the projectile very much longer. The best plats for the Governments of the world to adopt was that which was being made to-day Sofar as he was aware, no plate, nuder trial, had yielded such generally good results as a well-made Krupp. plate,

home, and at the same time she was pushing her trade all over the globe. It was the duty of the League to educate publia opinion on the importance of the Nary, but it should keep clear of complainis made by men in the Fleats, They were apt to growl, but they did not like to bs taken quite literally. There was an old ses TORPEDO BOATH AND DISTROTIIS,' song which abused everybody and yot if an Mr. John E. Thornycroft read a paper entiti. outsider had said the same things the men in the ed "Modern Torpedo Boats and Destroyars," in ships would have resented his opinions If which he reviewed the development of these people ashore listened to every complaint made classes of vessels, pointing out that, besides then the Navy they would be let into all sorts of Japanese, moet Navies which had built destro. trouble (fear, hear.) yers had adopted British design". There had been no falling of in the demand for high speed iu vessels built for foreign Navies, and the latest des rayers built for the Brish Navy had been designed for a speed of not less than While destroyers had increased 33 knots. in size and power very greatly, the torpedo boat had developed to an almost eqal extent. The latest type of torpedo boat, ordered in 1905, was tied with turbines and for oil fuel, the adoption of oil fuel giving a much greater radius of action at full speed. While the turbines had produced excellent results, it was a question whother equally favourable results would not have been obtained with twin-screw recipro eating engines and off fuel. In the debate which euaned Sir Philip. Watts, Director of Naval Construction at the Admiralty, stated that the which fire were nearly completed (one of them, the Ceirack, having boen already taken over by the Admiralty), carried a load between that of the river class and that of the 30-knot boats. All the designs had been carefully worked out and brought into line with one another, most of the parts being made interchangeable. The main engines, for in stance, were precisely the same in each. All the vessels bad now been run on the measured mile. Their trial were not yet completed, but as as class they had got their speed. and the re- sults had quite justified the eriginal anticipstions of the Admiralty. Admiral Sir Cyprian Bridge observed that to Lord Spencer more than to anyone else was due the introduction of the torpedo destroyer, the only man of war of any class, he believed, which was evolved from deliberate strategical and factical experiments, Mr. S. Barnaby said they were all terribly distressed of the accident which bad recently befalion the Tiger. (Hest, hear.) He did not Lee, however, that anything could have been done to save that ship from the mishap. It was impossible to provide a vessel capable of stand. ing a blow which made a hole of any size amidabipe.

new 31-knot destroyers, of

ANNUAL DINNER.

EAEL CAWDOR ON TIH MATAL SUPREMACY.

in

Lieutenant H. T. C. Knox quoted wo pasanges from letters written to him by a navai officer holding a high position on active servicu. The first was thus worded: I am strongly of opinion that it is in its educational aspects that the real fighting strength of the Navy League's position consiste. So long as those directing your policy stand firm on this bed-rock and devote their energies to driving into the heads of the British race the fundamental truth that the day they se vominand of the sea they perish as a nation naught on make them rue. That in my view is a malicient mission for soy single body. Leave to the experts, the agits- tors, and the faddists the naller questions of the tactical veina of speed, the distribution of ships, the Home and Atlantio Floats, &o. It the Admiralty are wrong in these matters they may safely retort that they know more about such ma ters than wedo. The second pass go ras as follows: "I only wish it were possible for me to work shoulder to shoulder with you educating the masses of this people upon tha paramoant question of the maintenane at all c.sts of our naval predominance." Speaking of the work done by the Lange, Mr. Knox said that be lately addressed meetings in fourteen Lancashire towns, whare it was resolved to establish branches of the Longue. (Applase).

Sir F. Pollock pointed out that unless we kept command of the een we should sink to the etatas of Belgium and Holland, and var popa. lation would dwindle enormously with much pain in the process, (Hear, hear.) Mr. lau H. Burgogne (Unionist, cenfidate for North Kensington) laid stress on the value of the support which women could give to the League if only because they could not patriotism to the children Having referred to the addresses given to girls as well as boys schoole, a work in which he had taken part, he pointed out that with the growth of Great Naval Powers there was likely to be more in the past. We mustle able to maintain the trouble for as in the future then there had beet integrity of the Empire at all times and against all comers. (Applause.) Mr. P. Thornton, M.P.. reminded the meeting that though the Govern ment had promised a naval programme which ters had a large station of followers who noted as Mr. Balfour and Earl Cawdor spproved, Minis- drag on their good intentions and had already compelled them to modify the Naval Estimates. It was, therefore, particularly necessary that the advocates of a strong Nary should keep that Cial

cause before the country. (Applause.)

Cecil in the evening, when the Earl of Glasgow The annual dinner was held at the Hotel presided over a company numbering upwards of three hundred. Among thom present were Earl Cawdor, Lord irrie, Sir Philip Watts, Director of Naval Construction; Sir William Matthews, President Institution of Engineers; Sir Iniga Thomas, Secretary to the Admiralty; Sir Walter Bowell, Marine

How To DE BEAUTIFUL÷Keep your com Secretary to the Board of rade; bir George Holmes, Chairman of the Board of Works, plexion, Mrs. Ellan's Crême Charmante, Lait Ireland; Sir John Mowiem, Master of the Charmant and Special Skin Tonio sud Poudr Compary of Shipwrights; Admiral C. C. P. Charmant will enable you to do it. Har FitzGerald, M. E. Bertie, President de Specialities for the Skin are the study of a As osiation Technique Maritime; Captain Fifetime, A. S. Watson & Co., Ltd., Sole Agen's Scbilling, French Naval Attaché; Commander W. Widenimann, German Naval Attaobé

He spoke strongly upon point because be felt convinced that the only real economy possible in naval affairs was that which was consistent with the maintenance. of our neval superiority, with the resours at their disposal tho presont Board of Admiralty had displayed great energy in osrrying through various measures for maintaining our naval construction in the for. front of the Naries of the world, and the wisdom of a forward policy in the constractive and engineering & primints at Whitehall had been fully vindicated. The succesful introdue tion of far-reaching abanges in mechanical forms of propulsion was ladostive of the high standard of tsohpical knowledge and practical experience attained at our great nival centres. La aur private ship and engine building establishments and armour-plats works that standard was nowice lower; the mechanical

works bad of noteworthy for the contioned and increased em-late years been brought very generally up to ployment of the steam turbine for various classes date; our supplies of skilled workmen were still of ships, both naval and mercantile, and atten- large enough to meet all probable domande, and tion was still focused upon this form of engine. their ranks were being continually reinforced Its success in the Navy, where it bad now on through the increased facilities now available for Lirely superseded the reciprocation engine, bad fechrionledeation. Such factors as these were been very marked of late. The First-Lord-of-rational assets upon which we might base the the Admiralty, in his explanatory statement, estimate of our resources in the domain of naval maid that all war res els at present under en construction. Provided only that the necessary straclion are being fitted with mechinery of funds were voted by Parliament we need hare this type, which has, without exception; proved no fear for the quality of the ships and material very ocesful in the vessels which have been that contributed so largely to the maintenance 80 fitted." The adoption of the turbine bad of our supremacy afloat. wondered possible that increase of speed which in avery type of warship appears as one of the most conspicuous features of recent construction. The 21 knota of the Dreadnought bad become the general standard of battleship speed in other Navies as well as our own; the modern croitors, notwithstarding their heavy armour and arma ment, were enabled to do their 26 knots andour, while in the torpedo-boat and destroyer alase some very remarkable results have been obtained with turbine engine and oil fuel during the past

In merino engineering the past your had been Government yards and private ant in both Japanese Naval Attaché Captain V, E.

Few monthe..

THE ITISH AND OTHER NAVIES

On the proposition of the Earl of Glasgow, seconded by Dr. Elgar, Bari Cawdor was unani mously alected President of the Institation.

UNBINKABLE SHIPS..

+

•J. H. Gibbour, United States Naval Commander

attaché; Captain N. von Wawel duis, Austro- Hungarian Naval Attaché: Captain S. Tochian', Montes, Argentino Naval Attache: Captain F. Babr. Russian Faval Attaché; Mr. Francis Henderson, Chairman British Corporation of shipping Mr. James Knott, President Institution of Marine Engineers; and Mr. John Ward, President Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in, Scotland.

Earl Cawdor, in propcaing the toast of The Royal Navy," referred to the accident which a few days ago befall the Tiger one of the terribly sad disasters which from time to time overtook all countries which aimed at naval effelency. In zaval mscœuvres in preparing for war risks must be run. (Hear, hear) Soak risks were ran gladly and nobly-(hear, hear)— and when young lives were lab in such a disaster it might be claimed (hat they had been no less lightly laid down than were those which A paper on "Cusinkable and uncapsizable were laid down in war itself. (Cheers.) All ships of the Goulaeff form and system of Present extended their sympathy to those who were sorrowing. (Cheers.) Whatever construction was read by Mr. C. Tennyson, in the absence of its author, General .navias might mean, ho continued, to other countries it could never be too often or Goulart (a Russian naval ounstraator). The too strongly impressed on the inhabitants proposed system of construction included the provision of trable broad longitudinal cellular of these islands that our Navy meant to us practically our existence. (Hear, hear). We Ride curridors, those being rendered possible aimed at no sggrandisement or squisition of by the increased breadth of the vessel, and being territory, but we meant to make ourselves secure. The Navy Estimates this year had been await intended to reduce to a minimum the quantity (Cheers). Moreover, if we were to be safe wa ed with more than usual interest. The sos of of water which might enter the ship through could not escape the burden of the Navy Controversy that had raged of late about the injuries or openings made in her under Estimates, and he pleaded for a wise looking rock of British navel supremacy-had created a water skin. The increas3 of brandth was

ahead and a wine and careful spreading of the fosling of uncertainty with regard to the mea obtained at the expense of the draught burden from year to year, so that there might apres that were being adopted to ensure the of water, the displacement, however, baing not be en unbearable burden plans on the

intenance of our Nary at its relative standard practically the same as that of a ship of ordin

taxpayers in the future. (Cheers). The In- end efficiency compared with the other ary form. In the wide treble side there were

stitution of Naval Architects appeared to of the world. The increasing safety longitudinal corridors extending nearly

possess the immenso advantage of gathering try in naval coustenotion abroad aid the the whole length of the vessel, but, with excep *tension and improvement of shipbuilding tion of these and of the smallest possible boiler together expert knowledge with regard to naval building and naval engineering, not alone outside the United Kingdom called manholes to give access to the cellular compart

from this country but from abroad. Long might serious attention of those responsible for missts from the top there would be, as far as that continue, for il could only do good. While naval defences of this country. In the practicable, no water-tight or other lord welcoming friends from abroad, he begged that Unite Staten there were at the present time door. The radius of setion of the modern torpedo institution, however, in all matters affecting the twenty-DiDo warships building, a compared with inside a vessel, reckoning from the skin inwards, British Empire, our or a interests and our own twenty-two a year ago. These included saren being about 18ft, the width of each of the safety, to keep well ahead of all competitors battleships, two armoare? eight submarines, and, three ssoute, I collilar side corridors would be Gft, or 18ft, in

five destroyers, and all, thus very eflciently securing the internal (Cheerr.)

sof the ship, especially value of over vital rendented a total money

Luza liable to Por Pital paris 00 exclusive of cost of armour and explode, from the risk of outside sxplosion, arrezt The German programme, which In the course of a brief discussion which ned to cover a period of ten years' con- followed, opinion appeared in the main to be curve building policy, allotted an average of opposed to the prope sed ay-tem of constructips. £1,000,000 per annum to new construction Admiral FitzGerald remarking that a ship maments, and provided for four capital of the kind suggested would be protected at Pear to be laid down for the next few the sides but not at the bottom, and that as she In France a comprehensive programme would be doub'e the width an ordinary vessel she being worked to whereby in twelve years time would have double the change of licking up a My would posses thirty-eight modern griund mine. Mr B, Whiting, Acistsat fabips, twenty-six armoured orgisers and Director of Nasal Oonstenotion to the outs, 979 destroyars and torpedo busts, and 131 Admiralty, Bald General Goaleeff's proposal Bubmarines. In Inesis the reconstruction of the started from an exaggerated idea of the risks in Nas being actively pursued. In the face a well-d signed modern warship, serious as those ets each as these it must be admitted that risks undoubtedly were. It involved great the Navy Estimates recently presented to dificulty in arrangement and a reduction in the Parliament were remarkable for their modera average efficiency of the defence I did gery Lion. The total amount asked for was little to secure ile avowed object; namely, to £32,319,50, being an apparent increase over guard against serious injury by mlues or last year's total of some £900,000; but when torpedoes and consequent loss by oapsizing, allowance พลด made for the surplus of stores in and it increased in a marked degree the risk hand this figure was reduced to a net increase of of destruction by gun fire, ontable el. The shipbuilding vote, which morely than any other concerned the member of the Institution, wea actually less than it wer last year by over £50,000, while it was £4,100.00 less than the corresponding rete in 1904, since which time it bad been steadily degreasing. When it was remembered that cost of indvidual units had during this period increased enormously, it was obvious that the number of ships of each class which could be built from this year's programme must cor sequently be small. Two large armoured ships (one a bottleship, the other a cruiser), six fast but small protected cruisers, sixteen torpedo Boat destroyere, and a number of submarines re the total new construcffen propomd. It

OTHER PAPERS.

Admiral FitzGerald briety responded. Mr. Francia Henderson, in acknowleding

The Mercantile Marine, which was proposed by Lord Pirrle, referred to the Port of London vers com Bill as a very fair settlement of

Kindred Institutions, proposed by Sir Alez. plicated question. (Cheers.) Other feasts were: Kennedy, and ocupled with the names of Mr. Joba Ward: "Our Guests" given by the President and responded to by M. Bertips and The President, which was outrastol to Sir G Holmes.

EFFICIENCY OF THE FLEETS.

OPINION IN THE NAVY, A References to opisien in our Fleets on the subject of warlike efficiency were rande yesterday at a meeting of the Women's Branch of the Navy League, the first of a series intended to strengthen the auxiliary body. The meeting tok place at the boure of the President of the League (Mr. E. A. Yerburgh), 25, Kensington Gore. Mr. Yerburgh, who cocupied the chair," said that the Navy League stood for maintenance Mr. C. E. Ellis, In the absence or Captain by this country of the two Power zaval staud T. J. Tressider, read a very teolineal paper on ard, with a margin, and for the main tenstes of Modern Armour and its Attack," in which our first-line Flest in constant readiness for war. the inference from various data was drawn that Patriotism alone would enable the country to the defensive power of armour under the pro- hear the increasing burden of our defence by bable conditions of a naval action would bases, and as women were essentially patriotic the greater than was suggested by results obtained League proposed to ask for their support all with the some striking velocity at short over the country, north, south, east, and west, range on the proving grounds. Speaking in (Hear, hear) the murse of the subsequent discussion, Mr. Ellis remarked that the fight between armour and projectiles which had been proceeding for some forty-four years still went merrily on. It might be that the capped projectils' was at the moment the winner; bat he dared say that

Catain WV. Auson said it was a common opinion that trade followed the Flag, and possibly the decline in our imports and exports was caused by the withdrawal of our Flag from many parts of the world. Germany had com- pelled us to concentrate our strongest Flosta, at

622

THE MEMORY MAN

Datas

1R PHOTO

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Brain Fag, Exhaustion, Neuralgia-

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