1907-08-17 — Page 9

REVIEW.

Japene tule

z Formosa, by YOSABURO TAKKLORI. London: Longmaus and Co., 10%. fil. pot.

Japanese adminstration in Formosa, Jagus's Hrst colony, has from time to time boon the subject of considerable criticism, and there is no doubt that precisely owing to their inex perience in the art of colouission the Japaness have during the last twelve years made mis Mr. fakan. This was, perhaps, to be expected. Takekoshi, a member of the Japanese Dist, however, has fairly demoretrated in the present. volume that some of the severe critics which have been levolted of Japan under this head no

during 1906-1907 with a nominal capital of 76 lakhs, of which only Rs 15,0 had been paid up. There was only one tea company, one collop, and two other planting companies registered, with nominal capital of Rs.11,18,000, none of which had been paid up. The feature of the companies registered last year is that many of them are Braveed and controlled by {adians.

THE REAL CECIL RHODES.

wers

not justified, and after two visits to the ieland unveiling the University's memorial to Cecil the highest activity of the soul living he points before. The modernise owes its import 1)

with a full inquiry into the state of the country and the administration and a study of the island's history. In is ably to speak with Ame mount of onthushnern waci of natural prids of The success so far sebieved. Ho shows that the island with the eruption of that part still held by the savage tribor, has been practically fred from brigands and the people given peace, after almost continual rebellion and disturbances under Chine & rule. A great trial develop

The inhabitants bars been provided will goed roads, railway, and

with telegraphe, schools and hospitals. An extensive postal service has been established; confidenze in the law courts and the civil administration is firmly established throughout the island weights and meisures have beau made, corrected

The man of to-day so less than the bletorian, of the ture is indebted to Lord Rosebery for his admirable and graeful address at Oxford in Birds is speech, short though it was, threw some felicitats side-lighs on the real Rhodes upru the man that Rhodes attempted to be and war, not the conventional figuro that his enemies and an nathiking though oppinuding public took Rhodes to be. For Lord Rosebery, the politician of the Insly furrow, we have, we een foss, small palioner and less a Imiration. For Lord Rosebery of the opon platforr, the vow possible crator for a major or minor public coromery, the one modern enthusiastic crilic of used tank of his own day and generation. we admit as full as appreciation. Moreover,

Take another example, What made lans Breitmann famous? Was it his drollery only" Was it his curious admixture of German. American liom? Was it his deliberate diator- tion of vision? Net stall; it was his deliberate intention to picture as he saw it the life of a certain type of immigrant-citizen. It has often struck me (I only mention this in passing that. some more fertile mind than my own may lake it up, thut flans Breitmann world find amplo

cope in Shanghai. For example.

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, AUGUST 17mm, 1907.

I am gone and will do me | which, from what Chesterton says about them, they will read it after justice when I am dead." A more unexpesteil I regret I do not know, and Lewis Carroll's rejoiner was notor given by a man when his "Aloe," which I bave just read through for, I contemporaries looked upon as the incarnation suppose, the fortieth time with the greatest of a general of Bnancial and racial greed. So far from pleasure. Without laying dorn a strict law ou being that, he resembled a rejected spinster, the sabject does it not appear to

rule that the eleverest nonsense, that which most ns in treasuring the letters from her old-time lover and happy in the fact that their return to him delights ns, whieb, having been read by na on her death would awake him to the fact that maturer years, is based on ideas and themes she loved him to the end. It is a far cry from which have no nonsence in them. Take a few Aristotle to modern South Africa, and it is exemples. Galliver's Travels " delighted us as diffent from m outward pool to regard children, we revelled in it, we wondered over it, the career of Rhodes as governed or influenced we saw the pictures of the pigmies warming by a maxim from the great philosopher's sth ice. all over Gulliver's body, sad wa Yet it is recordal bow in a speech in Oriel Hall contented and happy. With later years came a when he received the degree of D.U.L. iz Ter, zew light, we learned of the political antiro, the almost hate of humanity which hers and there Rhodes quoted Aristotle's definition of sirine as

for the appeare and we murrel that we never say these highest or in a perfect Life," said, bul Eys seemed to him the noblest rule alify to its Fund of vital common sense. for a man to follow and he had made it his rule from the first. Dat he had been told that he did not speak of "living for the highest objeel "but of ruling life by the highost principle of se perhapa be bad right. If that was

but his borers must somatimes offended, remember that in a somewhat rude state of society as in Bouth Afrios certain righ's are not so clearly defined and understood as in mora civilised countries. In that light as a pioneer Empire-builder, definitely shaping his source he according to s high moral precept which held were finaly than most eburehmen are con scions of their creed. Rhodes has still to be rely large. By his contemporation he was seen from only one standpoint, and that not the higbost; for the people, among whom his life was cast, biehamn instruments in the work ing out of his ambition, were in the main men of dulled visiou, of blunted percep tion recognizing only the harder mundane qualities of their loader, and incapable through the dimness of the light that was in them of which perceiving the finer. bigbor motives which inspired him. Hence the characterscaph the world had of Rhodes shows only 6 man of roloniless foros and s somewhat barbaric cyaicism. Some few observers, more sensitive and fuereyed, Faw the supendous dreams and Harentean wrestlings of the man. None saw more clearly than Lord Rosebery, and it is profoundly to be hoped that he may farn hie rare power of analysis and his fine per to the writing of a book which will give us a picture of the inner and the trne Cecil Rhodes,

venture to prophesy for Lord Rosebery a place in the rifera humanioras of this age anelogone to that held by Horace Walpole in the fizer eighteenth century lore, but is formed by e anitary matters attended to; law for protecting the luminous criticina with which Lord Rono- tao destituto promulgated, life and property beeg his treated the careers of Mr. Gladstone, madu secure. Various industries, toe, aris of Lord Randolph Churchill and now Mr. Rhodese omit referance to his micnograph on rapidly developing. Of course, it cannot be

Pitt and studies of Turns ne dellaitely bistorical denied, on the bar hard, that the people have to pay for all this, and taxation is very heavy, and literary. What we specialty value are the each person paying, on an you paid'in acquaintance with the great figures of this or. 4. you per person glimpses gathered from his owD capita, as compered with Japan. Beyond this, there is the indiret Such Bitle intimacias more truely show us the daxation in the shape of camphor, salt, and real men than any ponderous exhaustive analysis crium motopolis. Indirect taxation, indeed, is of their character and career cas possibly do. the chief source of revenus, the authorities The stray phrase, the simple anecdote, the unding direct taxation diffionit. Mr. Takekost recalled private wofession-it is in these admits that the burden thus imposed on the

the man may be seen, as a lightning-Hasb people is greater than that previously imposed saatsbes the veil of darkness from a whole by the Chinese authorities, but he reminded o

In this art of ressation, Lord notintryait

as sterly in selecting the Bome Fermoans who pointed this out all the Roselery is advantages they had received, and says they were significant lucident as he is graceful in satisfied. F Formosa received subsides from the progesting it, and in passing we may note Home Government np to 1905, but since that that of this grace Lord Rosebery has given time she has had to manage without outside no mor instance than in his reference to Sasucial help, doubtless owing to the heavy estle Lord Curzon's election to the Oxford Chan- zade upon the Japanese purse after the war, cellorship. And she can now claim to be entirely self-

The writer claims this a pporting. triumph for Japanese administration, but the raverse side of the piclare-the position of the people under woh hoary imposts has to be considered, and an endeavour should certainly be made to lighten Inration as soon as possible, "In short," saya Mr. Takekoshi, "Jajar can point to her successes thus far in Formosa 18 a proof of her werthieem to be admitted into the community of the world's great Colonial Powers.

I cannot but rejoice that we Lave passed our first examination as a colonising nation so creditably. The thought also of the future fille my heart with joy, because our successes in Formom beckon us on to tulfil the great destiny that lives before as and make our conatryQueen of the Pacific." Ho alle a warm tribute to Viscount Kodama, "tha maker of Formers," and praises him for the conciliatory poliey he adopted towards the Formeesse in 1896.

according to standard; harbours have been medes insight and a broader outlook. It is not merelented to, and recognized by, the world at

a

The religione condition of the Formosan Chinese Las shown Mr: Takekaabi "how fearfu! religion is when the ethical element is lacking." No moral teaoling is to be found in the bewild- ering tangle of corrupt superstitions which they call religion After enumerating the various missions at work in the island, the writer makes

curious the somewhat

"It will remark retaine a question whether Christianity will prove able to save the people from their excessive love of money." This is perhaps a problem which Christianity has to face in rountries In a nearer home thon heathen Formosa! chapter on the savages and their territory, Mr. Takebrali strongly advocates that this problem should be taken in hend, and this, according to recent reports, the Japanese Government has по determined to set itself to do. It is, Lowever, easy to conceive from the facts here wentioned that the subjugation of the savage tribes, und erec moro their pacification and civilization, is very far from an easy task. For the next fifty or sixty years at least Formosa must contithe, says the writer, to be an agricultural colony, and the increase of the labouring class is therefore specially desirable. Her pisine must be transformed into five holde, sugar garders, and tea plantations, sad Mr. Takekoabi argues that, although the domity of population is already fairly high, foreigs labour should be imported from China to cultivate "The purpose of the Crown lands. He adds: our Former authorities is, it seems to me, to concentrate their energies on the development of the sugar industry, and to make it the main industry of the island." There are some interesting dapters dealing with Formoss in the Past, geographical features, climate, and inhabitants,

Mr. Takekoshi bas naturally take & some what roseate view of Formosan affairs, bat be is nonethelers to be congratulated upon a capable survey of his subject, which is worthy of careful study. There is a short preface to the volume from the pan of Baron Shiopei Goto Chief of the Civil Administration in Formoss The translator, Mr. Goo. Braithwaite (of Tokyo), Las dono his work well. A number of interesting photographic illustrations complete the book.

BENGAL COMPANIES

Ceased to work during companies, with a Dominal

Any such insi

There was courage, the, in Lord Rosebery's declamation-connected more ur les an ha si is with Liberalism-that there wan DO MAN Bo slandered in his lifetime has was Rhodes." A short time Ago Lord Rosebery has boldly defied

partiaan opinion in deroribing Rhodes' commercial partner, the late Mr. Beit, ne ane of the simplest and bigbest-endenrouring men that he had ever met. A not inconsiderable section of English people have cruulely marited the careers of the two man by deanrib. ing Beit as being a self seeking and unscrupal one is finance av Rhodes was unscrapulons and voracious in land grabbing, stence on the Sunncial, the morly material aspect of Rhodes' career is entirely beside the mark. Great as was the fortune he accumulated, Mr. Rhodes, considered atristly as a millionaire, was not remarkable. Many men have made bigger fortunes. It was the purpose for which Rhodes secumulated money, the light in which be regarded it, and the use to which he pat it He age that soparate him from the rest of his was the first of the new order of millionaires, of men who contemn money for what it is, who salne it only as the private means of achieving a great public ambition. In a more martial agt, Rhodes would have been a great soldier or busveer, training and leading pirate horde But bern to the conquest of promised lands.

commercial age, bix genius asumed an essentially commercial equipment, and where other men assembled armies or drew the sword be amassed money and built railways. The object of the two methods is the same, and it is curious to note that when Rhodes momentarily abandoned the methods of his own.age -peaceful penetration and at lement by commercial, in- dustrial means-and adopted the methods of older times-the resort to arms of the Jameson Raid he failed disastronsly. He discorned afar off the change in the weapons of ialer. national rivalry, the weakening paway of the sword, the growing power of money, and he summed it up in the prophe y that wars of the future will be gaged by tarifs and not by bullets." In himself Rindes way as carolos of money as a great general must always be of the lives of incirilasi soldiers ander his com- wand. He saw, too, that while military systems cramble and the invincibility of an army vasishes with the death of its commander, under the ordered conditions into which human society has settled, tlines immortal. No king or statesman can guarantee the permanence of the political power or the institution which le bas built ap. but the money or money's worth, accumulated centuries ago by some brable trader and bequeathed by him for the maintenance of his parish church, carries on a purpose though he be dead, and his existence has become than no more a legend. As Lord Bosebery enya, Rhodes valued money became he valued power, and money was one of the most obvion and effectual means of obtain. ing power; and so in a large way he sought for money as a means of power and also as a means of carrying out his great ambition after his death.

шову сор-

on

How great was that ambition only his death revealed to the world, when it first learned that, at the age of twenty-two, Rhodes had set before him as his lifa vork furthersees of the British Empire, for the bringing of the whole uncivilised race under British Rule, for the recovery of the for the making of the Anglo. At the close of 1995-1906 there were 495 United States, f

The issue of join-stock companios working in Bengal, with Baxon race but one Empire."

anminal capital of Re. 23,26,802, and that rast dress, it is se pot se early to foresee Es, 17,30,6,612 paid up capital. During the as it is still premature to pass indgment upon past year 71 new companies were registered the toolies which Rhodes employed and the No good with a nominal capital of Rs. 2.73.62,500 of ethical aspects of his career. which only Rs. 6,22,400 was paid up. In the purpose is yet-if ever-to be achieved by 30 case of 6 companies the nominal capital was endeavour at whites-washing, Lord osobery raired by Es. 81,12,000, and the paid-up capital claimed no spotless record for bis hero, but by Rs. $7,49,312; while two companies deepsas frankly admited the existence of blots ed their nominal ospital by R. 1, 5,500, snd the scutcheon. That ruthlessness of vision is the first essential of an historian and so paid-up capital by Rs. 1,25,000. Tusive' com- panies, with nominal capital of Rs. 36,47,000 fatal an endowment for a politician that it is while 72 the cans of Lord Ros bry's Liberal ship the

it of Rs.

wreck.

Refusing to exonerato Buodes one 60,08,400 were transferred to the Registrar great orime, recalling indeed Rhodes one of joint Stock Companies Eastern Bengal recognition of the original folly of the Jamo- 1906 1907 there were san Baid, and his frank sceptance of the atone. and Assn. At the

sed upon him by the "notuous 446 companies working in Bengal. with ement imp nominal capital of Rs. 603,50,709. It is rectitude" of his countrymen, Lord Rosebery internatlag to note that three

during the inspiration of career which modelled anew the past year, with a nominal capital of Re, the map of South Africa, and at its close brought 20,10,000 There were three newtroper com the youth of Anglo-Saxondors to sit togather in the schoots of Oxford-"My own University panies registered with is nominal capital of Rs. 5,75,000. As evidence of the engularity of Oxford," sa be proudly called it in that marvellons lat will and testament. The one of Indian coal, no fewer than 19 Col panies, with a nominal capital of 812 lakhs, thing that studs cut clearly in these sidelights were registered daring the year. Of these upon Rhodes, the quality which forms the trus only Bhutanbarree had a fully paid up capital key to his setions and asrirations, is the emu- of 5 lathe. The activity in goal shares during tionalism of the war, "All this does not worry the past year is thus explained. There were main the least," be declared, anys Lort Rosebery 32 trading companies registered last year, with when he was the object not merely of European a nominal capital of Rs. 74.57,500 of which bat of English hatred and abuse, “I have my Daly Re 56,500-had been paid up. Of will will here" was his sufficient consolation, "wid nni presses ton companie were registered when they abuse me I think of it and I know

Insurance Companies were regist Indian endeavoured--and suec oded-in showing rather

THE DEFENCE OF NONSENSE.

Haus Breitmenn had a motor-ear,

Von of der newest kindt

It vort without a light in front,

And hadn't nous behindt,

He took it ou der grosso Maloo

He akeeted like de vind And left for all de Hospitals

on

Der helt, der maimad, der blind. But to return from the digression, these two the peative side, afford canes, both presumptive evidence in favour of my original proposition, and a negative instance way oneily be cited. Teke for instance" Helen's Labies," That is what i Nonsense, pure подзерка professes to be, and just because it is no more than it professes to be it is never read twice, and of the present generation not one in tou thousand has read it once.

A further positive example seems to me to saf the matter beyond doubt. One can read over and over again, withont ever failing of enjoy- meat Lewis Carroll'e two "Alices." Why, because each of them is nonsense based on a foundation deliberately chosen from a sphere where nonsense has no place. To take a game at cards, scientifically played, or a game of chess and

either 24 fully worked out,

not tho Framework of a pure eat is

de force." merely remarkable "tour

t

В

to

080

more than that. It contains the germ of the whole of dualistic philosoply, and carried out to its logical conclusion is a very fruitfal theme of speculation.

It raises

It is quite haginable that somebody will say thal defence of nonsens must be nonsensical and the defendant ought to be prosecuted for seditions libel; but with the greatest diffidence I suggest that nonsense is defensible. One of for instance the question whether what we re these bundles of paradoxes with which G. Kgard as negatives is not really positive, and vice Chesterton is wont to delight the world is called "The Defeudant." In this volume is to her, I suppose it would be possible to con same lines as the accepted theory of light. But found a number of interesting cassys in defonce struct a positive theory of darkness on neh the of some unconventional point of view, or some think of the awful consequencestor of his

Is nearly banking in which a man's apparently indefensible position. every cano, however, Mr. Chesterton conducts credit were the basis of bis 1usiness relation the defence with elaborats skill and unquestioned A paychologiaal theory that one is only really

SUCCESS. The esse in almost invariably won, costs being paid by plaintiff.

Que of the essays is in defence of nonsense, It is an essay cornBoating with brilliant

Да aphorisms, and asta up the thesis that Nussonse is a new literature, or aren a new size, the whole the defence is not as good as usual and the case ought to be dismimed-with permission to appeal. The exhibits chir ny brought forward as erfdence are the works of Mr. Edward Lear,

of

awake in dreamland and asleep during one's waking hours! That for our sins wo have been banished from a better world to this!--but that sounds so near the truth that 1 fear lest we Hence we must the truth would staggor 28. shall stumble on it. Which Heaven forbid avoid it and read the great nonsenso books of the world. Yes, Long live Alics: Long live Gulliver! Death to Helen's Babies, and long life to Hans Breituano. Shanghi Times

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