1905-09-15 — Page 5

MANKIND.

AND THEIR LIVERY.

KUROPATKIN ON JAPANESE

METHODS OF WARFARE.

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESF, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 15TH, 1905,

FROM THE "TIMER" CORRESPONDENT WITH THE HEADQUARTERS OF THE FIRST

JAPANESE ARMY.

The old

our organizations, the advance will be made as hitherto in thick lines of skirmishers; and also lest the second line may got too agar to the first line and, at the uanto time, in too cloka order.

Returning to his first let or gre receive from hist another tribute to Japanese thoroughness

in reconnaissance before an attask,

The highest praise that Kuropatkin has received comes from the Japanese. It expres

At Chan-Un-si, on October 13, we had a good sed itself in their obvious delight when the opportunity to observe the methods of 20 or 30 heard the name of his successor.

Japanese infantry scouts. Day of these, throw. Russian commander had a strong hold eponing aside his ride, cropt quite close to the the sympathies of the Japanese people because Russian trengbes and then tied up his head he was reputed to be opposed to the war; upon au began to look around. At the same time thres or four of his comrados to the rear ross up and the Japanese staff because no one could appre

of the ciate as well as these past mesters

Their object evidently was to draw attention profession of arms the extent of les difficulties fired at our trenches and thou promptly hid. Loir army was made his army he had to make away from this man in front. This movement in the field. Against what was perhaps, the most was continued for seven hours. thoughly prepared force for its object in history was arrayed a for of incongruous parts whoss organizor Bever enjoyed undisturbed

Under the head of Delonce" there is little He refers for. Kuropatkin to say, as the Japanese hare so saldera bon plaiend in that position. to a Special Method," which one is slew to

radit.

|

Past experience shows that the Japaness use aliost all of their men on the line of battle, and that they attach little importance to large roservos either of infantry or

(In

$16.00

other place le roman is a manner t they have invariably kept too large a resorve of WILL BUY A CASE OF artillery at the rear, which resulted in its Sach Horving no purpose in the action. generalship means intensity of fire from the beginning and makes an enveloping word. ment the easier. But as the Japanese lack reserves, we have only to keep our own roserves intact to the end in order to win. We must use our reserves whey we make a severe attack

or when wo deliver a conEtor-attack.

He did keep his reserves intact at Makden; but, desired as to the Japausse objective, ke marched them away to the left at the time when their pood at a right was about to become critical.

In warm elhantes the liver is apt to become sluggish and allow the hils to accumulate in the glands and ducts of that organ. After a time the bile is thrown into the intestines in largo quantities and some of it comes Inok into the stomach. This ninally causes severe headache through the eyes and temples, and culminates io nausea and vomiting, which is frequently followed by a bilious-diarrhoea. Such attacks come on frequently in persons subject to them and wally ocension great distress for severul days. In such cases the stomach in also at fault, as its natural ruscular action is dimin. ished and the digestio Effervescent Salt

imprised. If you will use Abbing's who you have these attacks you will And

Finally, he has a word to, say about cavalry, immediate relief, for it will stimulate the popsic

Our bivalry is superior in quality as well as glandy of the stomach and increase the contrac-unthority in the extention of his piouschool

It has been said that Karpatkin was a

more numerous than the enemy's We must ilou of its muscles from above downward. This

out master and not a old goueral. That any be.

makto the most of this advantage in the coming action causes the ducts of the liver to pour le was his naisfoxtano tint he had to io ch hie Against counter-attacks the Japus line battle. The cavalry, of course, must co-operate the, bile, and it is carried downward by the laxative action of the Salt, instead of remaining troops in faco of the enemy the things which sometimes livides into two parts, whleb take u to clog up the liver and flow back into those who would win in war against a trained position to the right and the loft, or the king with the other branches. Attacking the the victory. Acmy corps cavalry should be stomach. Thus, if a person who is subject toe must learn in peace. Since his dowafall we moves as a whole to one side of the other, whinny's rear is best only when we have gained to biliousadas and bilious headache, will save had documentary proof of the pedagogies in rashes from the roar iate the omplayed in fighting as a part of the army Abbey's Suit, the antural action of the stomach, phase of his work from his own hand, which is, plass it originally occupied. In this way the corps rather than a relay posts or as personal guards of comedors. Army cavalry should livar and intestines will be kept up and as ilin a sense, pathetic in its recognition of the try to deliver a cross-fro. On other gession? can accumulate in the system. Without this shortcomings of the Russian troops and the the advanced Japanosa Bus has retreated soms

according to the diren lances. accemulation of bile, dious attacks cannot efficiency of the Japanese Before the battle of distance and takeo cover in a rat or ac ucaldi cirtain definits orders in every tattle. onour and, therefore, the claim that Abby's Liau-yang it sets that he issued the first of a trono. When the Russians were following poemy's squadrons have suffered ittia loss. Saft cures bilionsness is proven on scientific series of letters to offer above the tank of their advantage, the Japaness sprang out of important duty of gaming is to destroy the enemy's cavalry. Wu must be able to tight on baxis. The dose for ibis disorder is one or two Company Commanders, with a view to correct the ground and caught them by surprise in an

horseluck. teaspoonfuls of the Salt in a tumbler of water ing their erros. Two of tho were picked up unfavourable position.

on the field of Muklea. The first more partie, (not lood night and morsing.

ularly dwells on Japanese methods of fighting, while the second, with its ten articles, cousists of more despite instructions Beading thein together one bus a series of texts which explaju the wonder that the Japanes army, has accomplished.

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The Japaness never follow the valley the tells us mer the head of Hill Fighting"), but with a narrow front they appeal over the hills; and, if possible, turn our fank Tiris in god practice in Lanchuris, where the trend of the hills is this way and that. If they find that the kind of tasir advance is cat or that they have to erose a creek, or a valley, they stop nud wait for the coming of night. They are very quick and skilful in the of mountain guas, which accompany their infantry and most anexpectedly appear on our fans. On extraor dinary occasions they oven

appear on our firing lige

I think that I know of at least one of these For wo hours one extraordinary occasions.

I watched a mountain battery which was day in iding ridge quito in line with the Resins, who were waiting on on infantry to make its dispositious for attack. Just before we charged, the battery received its cue and

raked the whole length of the Bussinu treich.

Of the work of his adversaries on the plain, Kuropatkin says:-

Whenever there are heights the Japanese try

Kurepalkin joins with all other observars in praise of the admirable handling of thele inferior gass by the Japanese artillery.

Thus far the

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Need one may more than that the Russian with the Japanese I am unable to savertsin. Their practico requires the very porfection of cavalry played no part in the battle of Makdon? discipline and soldierly intelligon. It must be fierce Cossack of fiction basto be admonishe borno in mind that the General's intraunts got after the war-is-a-roar old, that his role is that their information in a crisis tan complex and of a figling mou rather than that of a playfut exciting to pe mít of clear observation. That horseman,

In these letters to his offlers we can sketch Russian officers should bare gained such im pressions is only further testimony to Japanese the character of Kuropatkin and the strain of coolness in the most trying situations, which these terrible months through which he bas indicates the immensity of the task, could Russiased with his nose to the grindstone. Ther ever collect an outaambering army, of driving were at issued until the war fud been four the Japanese back over the territory which they month in progress by hand. It is ursy to comprehend how he himself was under the have excupied

illusion of the often vaunted power of Russias

Failur legious ones bu had gathered them in. force. brought its excuse, as it always does to The Japaness guns (he siya) rarely begin the easy-going. Outwitted in the hills, they. Their infantry advance neared themselves that they would make short firing before ours. compel our guns to disclose their positions. work of the little Japanese on the plain, where Their own positions based on careful reconnais Kassiau infantry and, were particularly. Russian sunce, are inade during the night and servened cavalry had always been at home. When they by some artificial ever. They first fire at our fell back from Liau-yang they said that it was the fault of the healing, then of its height just artillery positions, thear ut our reserves, and fere harvest tim, which had screened the finally, endeavour to interrupt our angmunition supply. When oar gans subject them to beary enemy's approach. Overcorns at the Sha-ho, after fire they take cover bat begin firing again at the konding was eat, they said that the Japanesse ering you away from the lights If an historical comparison for Kuropatkin the first opportunity. The Japanese must have could not sound cold weather. Winter spelled which must ever be your object. You must go most precise mugs, for they hit the mark with for them ti ropulsu at Hoi-kou-tú and the Asustor at Makdon, But long befory this it

ween sought. I should choose McClellan, the the first shot.

was born in upon Kuropatkin that the army was a shell of great pretense-long serving well ager of the Union army in the America of the offensive, ani, in commas with Karopat Kazo fascination to his academic mind as vistory and a masterful retreal-the meaning this country ing. however, sortswat liferent. Only the mic bevaple of a character like Wellington cau eutor fully into the spirit

No, the only maps that the Japanese had of Manchuria were those made during the Chico

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to occupy these or any other strategical points Jayjaneso war, which were far from complete.u the diplomatic stage of Europe-without the Civil War in 1863-62. He, tm, could not think as the only alternative to universal conscription, excepted to receive and deliver perishable godde, one by one. In order to decoire us as to the The maps that they have used have been invart bowels of eficiency. He saw that his officerskin, to him well-contuated retreat had the character and instruction in rifa shooting to

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But their profession. Then he sat ant to make ably captured copies of those made by the were not grounded in the very rudiments of Russian engineers before the war. apparantly, they are used them with more Manchuria a school room for cadets.

These letters say nothing which cught not to intalligeac than the Rascians themselves.

The acknowledged superiority of OnTs to the ba by training second nature to those to whom enemy's artillery must be used intelligantly," fly are addressil. I they mean more to any Kuropatkin tells his ora gunners. We should oficer of any army who reads them, he may always aim to have a wide angle of fire. Econo-prove unworthy of his country's trust, of which mir ammunition wherever possible, always war is the sudden, awful, and fatal tust. It is bearing in mind the difficulty of bringing it the same as if the head of a bank should And from our side we have issue a 1-tter to his staff to the effect that 10,000 verts."

on thoni waste it as if it were confatti at a fete, they should mind the importaces of correct change, of corrupt additions of columns of He tells them how they have wasted it

The concentration of fire upon one point of figures, of regard for the rate of exchange

of both.

· LORD ROBERTS'S WARNING. It would be difficult to overestimat, the importanes of the warning which Lord Roberts ahirossed yesterday to the nation in his epooch at the Mansion Hons to the London Chamber of Commeres. It is only a few weeks ago that

reap the full benefit of changes that must be

What these changes should be Lord Roberts skotched in outline, leaving it to the country to made.

decido as to the principios and details involved. Ho urged as the least that shoutt be look oblig story military training of an elevatory boys and youths, bginning while they were at school. If this plan were adopted we should speedily possess a vast number of young mar whose previous proliminary instruction would fand to greatly ra laus the period of subsag ent trading in the homɔ dfsoci Aray, aud give us a body of mon from which to rournit an Army for

wis foreign service. Nothing more significat than Lord Roberts's comparison of the armed forces of the United Kingdon in 1865 and 1902. In the beginning of the last century, with a population of less then 17.000,900 we bud nearly 8000,000 man wader arms. In

the *rength of our armed forces only

1991, with a population of nearly 43,000,000,

heavy sacrifices if need be. That is in the nature gnas; but with the gunners in covered positions. he should lose his perspective ic principles e other day, speaking from his place in the House duration, & forty years' start in trade and in-

of

R

the enemy's position is allowable only when we when making fransitions with foreign coun- are going to make a real stack following the tries, of locking the doors of the vaults at uiglat, he earnestly appealed for the unus to establish 100. In 1805 the part way about bombsriment. Denoustration by-bombardment. When a commanding general he who mustrils clubs throughout the country, and insisted 1902 it was only 392. And what was cur is of little use, as the enemy is quick to grasp litterally think big and keep his balance, leaving

being that and laty and self-sacrifics for standing up against the fact (lint it is only a demonstration. The detai's to his chief of staf must be taken you be tought the use of the mapon un roward the roward which always follows upon object of artillery fire is to silence the chemy's with pedagogic work, it is not surprising in the elements of military drill. So far his appol the despotism of Napoleon for freedom und Kuropatkin's has not met with a widespread response, and the liberty? A passe of nearly half a century's as they are these days, the cessation of dra frou knowledge of the great academic the enemy's guns does not indicate that they are siteuced. Moreover, their guaners have such protection that our shrapnel inflict but few casualtion. If you in see the enemy's troops and gans clearly from your point of observation, then you need not economize ammunition.

ko disabored them in battle; and disobered them. 1-t us sug out of all charity, oring to that lack of confidence in his units which would permit him to leave little to others. He did improvement was scarcely mire rap'd than that improve his army continually, but the rate of of the enemy, which had a long start to begin with. Japanese officers and soldiers, ingrained with all the rudiments knowable in pace, learned rapidly for themselves and had, besides that ever-increasing confidence which is an in- valuable asset.

object of their attack, they make demonstra. 55tions at other points with many guns and few

troops.

Sometimes this demonstration will continue for days and nights before they come up to their objective with their main fores Usually they attack in the night. If they gain

the position. daybreak, finds them intrenched.

By such feints sad their diabolical rushes in the night the Japanese expected to take Port Arthur in August. They did get 200 Metor Hill, as we now know, and their failure to hold it meant four mouths more of terrible work. The melled insolvad is as old as warfare; and not ape the idea but apon its execution depends success The Japanese infantry, hiding in gullies, cornfields, villages, or groves, never betrage its position. The action of the guas and troops who play the deceiver to the right and the left ix earnest to the point of making of Japanese thorougbuous,

When the Japanese light in the daytime they try to bide their combatante, and their collective borties never appear within range of the Bussians," is another statement from the [761 General of what we had supposuil to be one of the best grounded of all armies in its drill books. If there is any one thing, of course, that infantry is supposed to avoid it is being enght in class order under fire. But the Russians have often had this misfortune and their teacher Is thorough in his primer lesson.

He tells is infantry that whatever is once Daing the advance (he goes on to say) troops appear here and there with big distances between determined upon must be carried out. Even if thom, and gradually others appear behind them they have used all their reserves still they must until they have gollected a whole line. But if not yield. "Bear in mind." he says, they the Russian shell falls between them, they quickly enemy is probably in a sore straits as you." sestler. At the village of Shan-lan-za, on There, indood, he laid bis finger on the Fatties point of Russian weakness in the earlier battles. October in the battle of the Sha-ho) two or three battalions appeared, and shrapnet made When the Japanese was hard hit he pressed on; when the Russian was hard hit ho concluded that them instantly disappear. Then they come up in squale of three sad five, aud. dashing into it was time to yield. He remarks how subsidiary commandors; falling back of their own initiative, the kao-ling, etch made a bradle and then towards the Russians. Sometimes they secured have interfered frequently with his plans.

the seemed to be taking their time, always 50 or 60 the different necessity of the co-operation of their grost commander the Emperor and bring to increase the number and efficiency of our by way of voluntary effort or compalsory service,

commanders if we are to gain victory, you feel that it is a stereotyped conclu Leoopa, as "militarism," while their Loader, Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, panders to this sion "very truly yours"without heart in pleads. victory," he indicated how, thoroughly the the statement. There is that evidence of stub-section by attribating methods of barbarism"

Whon Japanese make a demonstration in order to born resistance to the inevitable to be expected to our soldiers and belittling every endeavour conceal the object of their attack, he forecasts of an army, with all its glories in the past, to improve and reorganise the Army.

We may trust the common sense and the strategy of the battle of Mukden, to which instead of the army of a people whose power is

patriotism of the pauple at large not to mislead the teacher himself fell a vietin. In the quota. looking forward to a vigorous and expanding

thom in this matter, provided they are accurately tion that follows he forecasts the very tactics future. From that any empire may draw the which permitted the successful application of simple lesson-you may not halt without the informed of the facts; and this Lord Roberts set himesif to do. He showed that although the strategy.

the officers and mon who served in the South African campaign, and are now at hotas, hate received the best of all training-that of actual experience of war they are utterly insufficient ip numbers to undertake a prolonged war in

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This showed that Kuropatkin himself at least realized how often his gunners by using indirect fire hnd thrown away their akrapua! with only a fancied target under its burst.

to be running very rapidly, and again they again

steps apart. At first we thought that they were trying to like themselves with the kao- tang. Later we fraud, when they stopped, that they were using the handles as screens for making ditches, Brentually these ditches wore connected into & treach, which a body of troups oucopied with a rush. In this way an advance of about 800 yards was secured.

When the Japanese advarer, a company or a sub-company begins development from either. wing, and, thus discoausoted, they comes on in ourres. Each unit carries a san-flag in order to show its position to the gausers. On October

they attacked a redoubt ompiad by the 39th Novaky Regiment. When the regimental com- wander held up a Japanese flag the bombaril- ment ceased.

On October 17, the 38th Hirotsky Regiment saw a very thin skivasishing line approaching, It came on at the run, and instantly the men laid down they began intrenching. When we dirooted a heavy fire upon them they did not seem to mind at all. Directly, they appeared to ba dissatisfied with the result of their work, for they made another advance and began

35 & 37, Hing Loong Street. intrenching again. But before this trench was they advanced and began digging a third time. Then a second line, also coming on by stages, completed the work which they had begun, while a third line had complete protection for its halts between rashes. The 36th Regiment observed this work very ainutely. The Japanese were most orderly; in fact they did not sorm to pay any attention to the Rusiau firə at all.

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Against such calmness and cunning and sagacity the Russians brought at Liau-yang and the Sha-lo old-fashioned shook tactics.. coming on with a harrah end the band playing. The first article of Kuropatkin's second letter deals with this.

Every possible monsure (he says in these general instructions, must be taken to expose as small a target as possible to the enemy's fire, especially when wo to attacking in the op Ditches, villages, graves, heups of earth, nada Shipehandlers Sailmakers, Provisionere,ations in the gerund must all be used for cover Coal Merchants, Hardware; Engineer and protoction. The advance must be made one Tools, Metal, Iron and Steel Merchants by one or in groups, thus gradually forming the 57 58 & 59, Connnaght Road, New line. I na cepecially solicitous lest, now that

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we have the full number for a war footing in

more serious atterance than

war is too well known to admit of doubt. Yet of Lords, he reposted the very gravo statement, dustry over the entire world, resulting in

made, we may be sure, with the deepest sense of commercial supramsey whick in ita tuo las led sponsibility, that the armed military forces to the growth of a colonial Empire grate thas of this country were as absolutely sufitted and the world has ever seen. grea prepared for war as they were in 1899-1900. direct fraits of the patriotisma, dissipline, and An immediate result of this indictment was sacrifices of our forefathers. Lord Roberts has the invitation of the London Chamber of the utmost confidence" in the good sense and

Mausion and never has the

martial spirit of the Anglo-Saxon race, and that Commeres, House been the scene or the occasion of "they are as determined now as their forefathers weightier or

wore a century ago to uphold imperial interasts Rot that which Lord Roberts delivered yester and defend His Majesty's dominions." day afternoon. His Lordship set himself the task of explaining and justifying his statement they nood to have the facts clearly put before.

them, and the ascoseury organisation created Botas Kuropatkin's lines you can read the

in Parliament, and it must be admitted that he, which will enable our youths and young men to } After explaining obtain the elementery knowledge of arms which attitude of the general and of an army which fully succeeded in doing so. have lost their sense of the offensive. Though that he spoke as a acliter and not as a policeman Lord Roberts desilorates. The in chaats of he speaks of attack, though he realizes the he claimed that the defence of the Empire London can set themselves no more useful and military axiom which tenches him that a defen- is a matter which should be regarded as patriotic task timu to disseminate the requisite

this sive line cau be maintained only by the diversion

la theory we are most of us agreed, but it is information on the one hand and stimulate the nation and the Government on the other. of offensive actions, nevertheless, the vary so quite distinct from party politics. Upon

Nothing is more needel now in evory class of of his thought is defensive. When he closes his unfortunately the fact that the more extrume instructions with the remark that indefatigable Rabeat and Nousoutormist section of the society thin niscipline: and this would be pro- bedience to them will meet the expectations of Opposition Gravuren any and every effort vided by the training which, whether it came is necessary if the British Empire is to hold its own in the days which are to come-Globe.

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Imed to suffer terribly.from nei vestiess and indigestion and became very in, werk and wasted. My appetite failed and the little food I ate caused me much pain and a tights across the chest. My nerves were so wak that the least sound made ne treble. I also had acute headache from what proved to be an abscess.

began taking Mother Seigel's Syrup and very soon felt like a new being

"I gained strength, and contineing with the Syrup soon became quite well. My husband also suflered in much the same way and the Syrup cured biff as well. We always keep it in the honse, Letter of January 26, 1905, from Mrs. Florence Nightingale Andrews, 209, Guinness Buildings. Columbia Road, Hackney Road, London, E,"

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of our national interests against a civilised Power. And, more than this, not only is the standard of gumbers set up by the authorities insuficient, but it is not nearly attained at the pressat time. We are no more able now than we were five years ago to dispatch more than 100,000 properly-trained and equippal troops to any part of the Empica where their wor vices may be required. And this, as our ex- perience in South Africa showed, is not nearly enough, even against an enemy inferior in numbers, discipline, and organisation who knows the country and can live upon it. It is true that we wont in all something like 350,000 men to South Afrin, but begond the possession tf.

and zeal, the balk courage of them were lacking in almost every ather of military requisite. They were made up volunteere, múitia. Colonial contingents, and the immature lads who had been hastily secured and bat half-trained to replace the troops who had formed the first contingents sent to South Africa. Had these been arrayed against the seasoned and disciplined forces of any of the great military Powers the result could hardly have been in doubt. Natural bravery is a great asset, and British soldiers are probably superior in dogged ovarsge to those of any other nation. But this is not nearly enough wwadays. Preparation before- hand both of offers und man is an absolute necessity. As Lord Roberts raid, it is a fatal ipistake to s

"that it will be timas enough supposo" when the crisis arises to create an organisation which will supply all that is required." To pat our armed forces on a proper footing will | take time, and it must be years before we can

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