1904-11-05 — Page 5

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INTIMATIONS

ROBINSON PIANO'

CO.. LÀ.

FAMOUS SIEGES.

!

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 5TH, 1904.

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find that both the strength of the besiering army and the power represented by the siege train have eclipsed all pravedant.

September 111h, after a four days' bombardment, they made a third fruitless attempt with 90000, In view of the prolonged siege of Fort. Arthur, and lost 19,500. They theu concluded to resort to

a blockade, rather than a siege. The line they [To date the siege has lasted just five months, we give some details of famous sieges of moder ecopied was 46 miles in length, and the Port Arther having been invested by the times.from an article tho St. James's Gazette:

In 1807 Dantzic held out for 76 days, and strongth of the investing army attained 107,000 Ja anese at the end of May. It must be remem. again in 1813 for 10 days, preceded by t six infantry, with 510 field eurs, but only 40 siegebered, however, that the present plan of risge weeks blockade. From June 27th to August guns. The Turkish garrison was never stronger began as late as August, and that there has. than 40,000. On December 9th, Osman at- not been too much time yet for redneing the 14th, 1808, few thousand Spaniards were besieged by 17,000 picked French troops in tempted to break out, but reing surrounded and fortress by sapping.-ED. D.P.3 Baragossa. At the end it was house to house terribly defeated, he surrendered unconditional- fighting, but the attackers were repulsoul and they on the following day. siege Taised. On October 19th. 180 38,000 French troopsbegan a second siege of Saragoss which this time capitulated after a heroic resis. tance lusting 62 days, and accompanied by sar and mine from house to house. The Peninsular PIANOSes are famous for the samerons assaults of

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with General Karoki, telegraphing from The special core spondent of the Standard Liyang nya-Among the multitude of things left behind by the Russians in their retreat from Liaoroug-stores, grans, transport,

strong boned since 1855 with twelve dot ched At the same period Kars, though greatly forts and a citadel, only registed for 30 days As their bombardment with 48 pieces failed utterly, the Russians decided to assault with light night of November 17-18th, 1574. This peach and scalades, which were almest

and the hundred sud, ou paraphernalia of unknown in the earlier sieges. Badajos stood was a signlarly well-executed affair. two siores. First, in 1811, one of 30 days, points of attack were skilfully selosted, the dern warfare-not the least interesting and valttable were the General Orders issued from various colande attacked simultaneously, and day to day by their Commander-in-Chief. They which was raised; and, second, in 1812, one

the Turks were taken completely by surprise.disclose the gravest defects in the discipline of 30 days, which was successful won Of the garrison of 23,000, all save 40 were and training of the Army, and more especially of a glorions cacalute. Parges compelled the attackers to withdraw after they had, besieged killed, wounded or captured. The Russian of the Cossacks. It appear from them that i it for 34 days, and the failure, due to the casualties numbered £,273.

The three great siege so-called in the the Colonel of ons, of the Cossack regiments the fruits of Salaumea. The siege of St. South African War, were Mafoking 216 days; a post of great importanes as the more rumor miserable appliances of the besiegers, undid

was removed from the command for deserting Sebastian, supying 51 days of the year 1812, Kimberley, 123 days; and Ladysmith. 1 8 days of the approach of the enemy defection was attended by terribly aavoro fighting, Out invested rather than besieged.

None, of course, was a fortress, and the Boers which endangered the whole movement. Twn of a forca 9,000 strong we lost 350 killed or wounded, and the siege train of sixty pieces expended 70,931 rounds, the breaching battery of ten guna once averaging 350 rounds per gun in 15 hours.

The siege of Antwerp by the French in 1899 history. The garrison of this magnificently fortified citadel numbered 5,000 men, and was opposed to the attack of besieging army' thirteen times its stregth. After 25 days the fortress was roduced to a heap of ruins, and the

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stand an assault. The grint lesson deduced from this siege was that the besinging array should be from four to five times the strength of the garrison.

The siege of Sebastopol was one of the longest, on record; it lasted 3 days. At its close the Russians opposed 982 guns in the first line to about 800 of the allies, and at the final assanit, which failed in six points out of seron, the ramparts were intact, and the troops had to advance for nearly 200 yurds without cover. Only one of the works in the al line-the Malakof-was ever taken. Practically all the land defoncos of Sebastopol were developed in te form of a vast system of earthworks subsequent to the first bombardment, and the defenders constructed such an important ad- vanced work as the Mamelos five months later.

The French executed ailes, and the British

eight miles of trenches, but the approaches never However, the Chersoneso resehed the ditch.

stronghold was Daror invested; from the north the enemy could always receivo reinforcements and supplies. On the other hand, Kars was only

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resistance of five months, in which appalling slaughter was inflicted on the besiegers.

The investment of Delhi took place ou June. 8th, 1857, and the siege began a week later, proceeding three months under most disadvant- ageous conditions. At length, on September 8th, the beavy batteries were got into action, and an assault was prepared. On September 14th our troops advanced to storm the gates in the face of an overwhelming rebel garrison, and in spite of serious losses succeeded by marvellous display of gallantry in carrying the bastion and occupying the eastern portion of the city. For five days heavy lighting continued. in the streets. antil on September 20th the whole city was won.

men

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The principal sieges in the American War of Hongkong, 10th October, 1904.

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The regular siege of Petersburg com Orgaus, Gravel, and Pains in the Back. Fremenced on July 11th, 1864. Gradual approaches from Mercury. Established upwards of 30

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al forces, were found to be so great as to offer small chances of success. The inos gradanlly extended to 32 miles, comprisings 36 forts and 50 batteries, the movements of troops operating upon the lines of communica- tion, which the last were by

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drawing a large part of the def-uders away from their works. It was given on April 2nd. 1865, and most of the works were captared, The defendors evacuated the city during the following night.

The Danish redovbis of Duppel were but poor affairs, and only armed with sigoth bore pop- gus; nevertheless, the defence lasted 65 days. They were stormed on April 18th, 1864, by 16,000 men, who suffered 1,188 casualties.

In the Franco-German War formal sieges were only undertaken at Belfort and Strasburg, and partial sieges at Faris, Schlettstadt, and Longwy Tha fortifications of Paris were thirty years old, and the average age of the rest 150 years. All were ill-formed and completely Unprepared. Strasburg was invested on August 12th, 1870, and the regalar slege began on August 28th, lasting 51 days. The siege train comprised 60,000 men with 200 gans and 100 mortars. The garrison numbered 17,00. The attack was made by regulur approaches, the out- works being breached by distant fire and by mining, and the main rampart by the high angle fire of batteries in the second parallel. Every- thing had been prepared for the fral assault when the city capitulated on September 27th. The German artillory fired 193,722 rounds.

Belfort held out for 103 days, but the be siegers were insufficient, riz., 30,000 mun pitted against a garrison of 17,000. The bombard. ment lasted day and night from December 3rd, 1970, to February 18th, 1871, the Germans throwing 500,0000 projectiles into the town.

Paris held out for 131 days, but the bombard. ment of the advanced works only, was com paratively short, viz, from Decusabər 27th, 1870, to January 28th, 1871. Longwy made a vigorous defence of 29 days. The Germans bombarded at long ranges a number of French fortified towns, while they invested others, and "observed more, but those cannot be classified as sieres.

In 1877 the Bussinne tried to rush-Ostout- Pacha's entrenched camp of Plevan Ther first attacked the place on July 20th with 7,000 mụn. and were hurled book with the loss of one-third, They next ass lted on July 30th with 30,000, and were repulsed with a loss of 7,000. On

From the University of Pennsylvania, U.S.AS

Hongkong, Sed June, 1904.

12161

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with which ammunition and transport ТРАКОДЯ abandoned during retreat, and the serious difficulties sneh laxity entailed. Another short coming to which he directs attention is the onormous waste of shells by the quick-firing gans, which blazed away at ineffective ranges aul without a definite objective The conse quence was that the supplies were exhausted in two or three hours. As he wisely remarks. The enemy fours more those shells which are in the guns than those which have already been: fire" The state of affairs disclosed in these Orders has tended to confirm the Japanese is their opinion that the enemy are inferior to themselves in discipline and training It

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