1904-03-31 — Page 2

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THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY, MARCH 31st, 1904.

Carves were drawn up showing the weekly rise and fall in the percentage of plague. infected rats among those examined in the S. WATSON & CO., Public Mortuary and the weekly number of human plague cases. 'bese curves дго published with the mport in the Gazelle, and from them it may by seen that both rise to their highest points about the same time, The first notable rise in rat-infection was in the sixth and seventh weeks of the year, and buman plague made a sudden rise in the sixth week, though falling agait. next week. Similarly the ninth and tenth weeks were marked by a rise in rat-infection and

ESTABLISHED A.D. 1841.

WINE AND SPIRIT MERCHANTS.

CLARET S. the ninth to eleventh weeks by a rise in

We are requested to notify that ontries for the annual lawn tonnis tournament of the Hongkong Cricket Club close to-day, the 31st instant.

Fire broke out at midnight on the 21st inst in the godown of Messrs Hin Lee & Co., Beachy Streat, Penang, and continued burning for two hours. The conflagration was confined to the central portion of the lengthy godown. This strony pressure of water in the hydrants saved The Fenang from another disastrons fre. damage, which is estimated at $10,000, is covered by insurance,

Sir Archibald and Lady Elphinstone have left. England on a voyage to India and the For East." Bir Archibald is closely identified with

TELEGRAMS

AFFAIRS AT NEWCHWANG,

LONDON, 28th March. The Bucsious have proclaimed martial law at

Nowekwang.

WAR NOTES.

JAPANESE OFFICIAL, NEWS.

The Japaasss Consul yesterday afternoon sont us a copy of the following official telegram received by him in the morning of the same day:

Plançon puts the duration at one hour; Alexi- off says that 6 officers and 21 men were wounded and 3 'n killed, independently of 40 or 50 that disapped with the Steregustchi; Plançou puts the tal casualties at 5 killed-oné China- man-and 6 wounded. Plougon, is distinctly clumsy. As for the Takasage, she was not under fire et all, baving been dispstoked on a reconnoitring axpedition, but in her case M. Plançon merely made a bad shot,

INSURANOMS OF COAL.

REUTER'S SERVICE.

THE WAR-GEN, KUROPATKIN MOVES SOUTH.

"Tokyo, 29th March, 3.35 p.m. LONDON, 28th March.

*Admiral Tago imports that the second at- General Kuropatkin has proceeded to Line-tempt to block the entrance of Fort Arthur was made at 3.30 am, on the 27th inet, when

Lord Lansdowne, the British Foreign Mini- yang.

four vessels, escorted by a flotilla of torpedo destroyers and boats, succeeded in approaching ster, when applied to by the cool shippers of to witlia two miles of the entrance of the Cardiff as to whether coal is contraband of war, harkour before being discovered by the enemy. replied that coal was an article ancipitis uens, At the time searablights were swooping the net per se, contraband of war, but that if water, und sa soon as our presence became destined for warlike, as opposed to industrial, known a heavy fit was divested upon us ase, it might become contraband, "Whether by the forts on both banks and by the in any particular case," continued Lord Laus guardships. In spite of this the vessels so downe, ceal is or is not contraband of war is the Chiye-mare dropped anchor about half a the Priso Courts of the captors nationality: cooded in getting into the inuer roadstead, where a matter prima facie for the determination of cable's length from the beach on the west of and so long as such decision, when pireti, does Golden Hil, and w. a succesfully suck by her not conflict with well-established principles crew. The Fukui-maru was sterred to the left and rules of international law, His Majesty's of this vessal, and when about to drop anchor Government will not be prepared to take 6x In the House of Commons, recuntly, Mr.

was struck by a fish-torpade from the enemy ception thereto.". Since then Japan has notifed BUSTLE AT BLAKE PIER

and euok. Plumraer, M. P: for Newcastle-on-Tyne, unked

The Tahilo-maru puchored on coal as being contraband article of the second the left of the. Fukui.maru, and was saak by class together with provisions, drinks, horses, the Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs a

Yesterday forenoon Blake Piar was the scene her szew, while the Yoneyama, which had crept timber, gold and silver bullion, oto, such articles question, of which he haut given him private drawn to the report of the presence of Japanero of departures for England and Canada by the after crusing into collision with the stern of a the enemy's army or navy, or in such conges notice, namely, whether his attention had been of great bustle ca' account of the large uume up between the Chiye-maru and Fukui-maru, to be regarded as contraband when destined for IN EXCELLENT CONDITION.week, while the rat-infection curve is Lattle-ships at Wei-hai-wei provious to the German mail Preussen and the Empress of Russian destroyer, came to anchor in the middle where, being goods arriving at the enemy's territory, there was reason to believe that they

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human plague; and the twelfth and thir. teouth weeks were marked by a rise in rat infection, and the twelfth, thirteenth, and still more fourteenth weeks by a rise in human plague. Then a drop in rat-infec. tion in the fourteenth and fifteenth week is accompanied by a drop in bumaa plague in the latter week. The figures do not con- tinue to correspond so closely after this, CHATEAUX the human curve reaching its maximum with a rapid jump in the twenty-first

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Stirlingshire, which his father, the late Admiral Sir William Elphinstone, represented in the Coramous for some years, and when ho return from his tour abroad he may feel disposed to onfer on a political career. The first baronet at in the House of Commons from 1761 to 1795, and nearly all the succeeding heads of the family have been in Parliament.

Earl. Percy in the House of Commons said that the British Consul at Newchwang had urged the retention of a British warship at that port, but Admiral Sir Gerald Noel'concurred with Admiral Sir Cyprian Bridge in consider: ing it inadvisable.

list appearing

those of

elsawhere. the number departing from Hongkong

was in a position to contradict the report? Earl Percy replied: Yes; we have been informed by the Commander-in-Chief in Chinese water that

Government servants the Japanese 1822-f-war on their way to Forts abnormal for one day. These included

mom then a few Arthur were not even sighted at Wed-hai-wai,

with their wives, and several well-known ladies and no Japanese ships of war have visited that and gentlemen in the Colony. Both steamers were followed out of the Harbour be launches port since Angust, when two vessels went there on a complimentary, visit for a few hours blowing their steam-whistles and firing off crackers in time-honoured fashion to speed the (cheers).

PRESENTATION AT THE SANI- TARY BOARD.

torpede from the enemy, which caused her to "Admiral Togo regrets that this desperate heel over and drift on to the left bank, attempt to block the entrance of Port Arthur was not entirely successfni, iuasmorch as a navigable chaunal exists between the hulks of the Tuhiko-maru and the Yoneyama-maru He farther reports the following casualties on the four vessels-Killed --Lientonant-Com mander Takio. Hirose, one midshipman, and two of the crew.. Wounded (seriously } ;- Sub-lieutenant Shimada; (slightly), Lieute nant Mazaki, Chief Engineer Karita, and six of the are. The crows of the vessels

were intended for the use of the enemy's ormy or navy. Exception to be made in the case of articles manifestly intended for the use of the vessel carrying them.

The Cardiff coal shippers have taken Lord Lansdowne's communication as meaning that with regard to coal intended for commercial and industrial purposes the situation is es it generally is in time of peace, and that if they wish to ship coal to the Far East for the possible use of either of the belligersuts, they are free to do so at their own risk.

its highest until the twenty-attack on Port Arthur, and, if so, whether he China. As will be seen from the passager of the roadstead, where she was struck by a fish fourth week; and the budan drops far more rapidly toward the end of the epidemic. Commenting on the be- haviours of the curves, Dr. PRARSE says that the epidemic of plague among rats 11.00 evidently follows very much the same curre as does the hamun epidemic, but it seems 14.50 to begin earlier and to endure longer, as

Recently on aged, unknown man was found parting friend. though there were some factor or factors in 22.00 the shaping of the epidemic which affected insensible in a train arriving from Antworp...-~~~-~

the rats earlier, and of which the influence On recovering consciousness he gave his name ns Adolphe Besse, lescribing himself is a priest, 24.00 26.00 passed off later from rats theu in the caso

68 years old, a native of Alsace, and known is of human beings.

his profession as Fathor John Chrysoston, PAREWELL TO MESSES, WOODCOCK AND BRYAN. † were taken on board of the destroyers and naval war that it is impossible to say how the The relation between infected rats found After 40 years of missionary work in America, in buildings and human cases of plague in India, China, and South Africa. he had been in the same buildings could not be very closely Rome, and was nearing Marseilles ou beard the | studied. The majority of rats collected were Jution Salmafor when the vessel blew up. and Besso, injured, floated with four sailors for reported as found in the streets. The veral days on a raft, when they were picked up tenant of a shop has no mind, as the report and taken to Barcelona and shipport thence to says, to allow the authorities to discover Autwerp, whonce he took train for Brussels, A. S. WATSON & CO. | rats in his shop if he can avoid it. Of the In the train bis troubles recommenced. The total of 2,570 piague-infected rats caught jolting caused his wounds to reopen. and he fainted. In this condition he was robbed, and next LIMITED.

in the City of Victoria from January today the police charged him with being a swindler. June, 1903, only 43-1.68 per cent were e was able, however, to prove his identity. returned as found in infected houses, and

One by one prominent naval men who took of these only 7 were brought in by the

part in the British naval operations in these [rat-catching coolies. In a table of house waters in the Fifties are passing away. The in which rat and human plague were both latest death among them is that of Captain Sir known to occur, only five cases show George Mitford, R.N. (retired), who served in

28.00

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The Daily

Daily Press.

HONGKONG OFFICE: 14, DEVEUX ROAD 1.

HONGKONG, 31ST MARCH, 1904

torpedo-boats.

Messrs. G. A. Woodcock (Secretary of the Sanitary Board) and J. J. Bryan (Sanitary "Two torpedo-boats, the dotakaand Tsubame, Surveyor) received presentations at the Sanitary when within a mile of the entrance of the port Board Room yesterday morning, the occasion of met a Russian destroyer. A heary fire was kept their departure for England on well-earned up on both sides, the onemy's ressel sustaining leave, Mr. Bryan being invalisted bonte. The serious damage to her engines, clouds of steam presentation to Mr. Woodcock was a handsome being seen to rise up from her as she stored dragon-design Chiness silver bowl, on a black-away. wood stand; the following inscription being engraved on the bowl:-"Presented to G. A. Woodcock, Esq. as a mark of esteem." Mr. peared to be a Russian warship was observed Bryab received a Chinese silver frit-dish of lying close ander Golden. Hill, having apparent

They sustained serious damage in ons of the flest dragon design, on a blackwood stand. inscription read, "Presented to. J. J. Bryan, ecgagements. Esq., by officers of the Sanitary Department.' Quite a number of Sanitary Board offers had gathered together to give them a send off.

The Hon Dr. Atkinson, who presided

"It is reported that while our torpedo-boats were retursing from their mission, what ap

/

"A hory firm directed upon our destroyers an torto-boats until daylight, but no damage

was const."

A LAND FIGHT.

At Lloyd's, the goveral opinion last month was, that so long a time has elapsed since any law now stands as to contraband captures and coridenmations of ships. Insurances wore, how- ever, being effected coal shipments, the rate being 60 per cent, of which 45 per cent, was

Japan has established a Prize Court at Sasebo. reckoned as war risk and 15 per coni, as the

JAPANESE REFUGEES IN LONDON.

ROM Tink..

A number of Japanese refugees who at the and of last month arrived in London from Siberia tell a pitiful story of the hardships they have endured en route. When war broko ont

they were told, says the S. James's Gazelle, they must leave Russian territory, and started out with tho intention of returning to Japan by way of Vladivostock, but the autaeritios ordered them to take the European rente. In the course of their journey they were frequently

rate being found during the cleansing opera-He.served in the Staunch at the actina in Escape he had been asked by the members of the from the Ministor of Foreign Affairs synchronous rat and human plague, the Acorn at the blockading of the Cauton River.addressing Messrs. Woodcock and Bryan, said following translation of a despalsh received little money they had. Vitimately they reached

tions following the report of the huma plague in each house. Dr. Pearse rightly remarks thas "these figuras are interesting. but it is disappointing that they are so small," and that, were the people willing to allow all rats caught in their houses to be returzed as such, more light would be thrown on the relationship of the rat to human plague. But unfortunately the people will not put themselves to incau- LONDON OFFICE: 131, FLEET STREET, E.C.venience for the public good, and this attitude, coupled with the more than suspected dishonesty of the coolies employ- ed in rat-catching, deprives the investigators IN Dr. W. W. PEARSE's plague report for of a sufficient amount of evidence to establish 1908 that section which deals with plague in rats and with the relations of human and any definite statement. We presume that there is no way of checking the coolies, or rat-plague is specially interesting. Hong else it would be tried. It is most unsatis kong is a place where considerable attention factory that they should be in a position to has been paid to the subject of these rola-cheat the Government and rob the public tions and all the recent reports have dealt with it. Rat-collecting has been a great feature of the anti-plague campaigns, and there is an organised rat-catching staff in the Colony. A certain amount of light is thrown on the methods of this staff by Dr. PEARSE's.report, and it is not very satisfac-

money.

The English mail of the 27th February was delivered in Londen on the 26th inst.

It is just 30 years ago to-day since the coolin trule at Macao was abolished.

The Norwegians.s. Frithjof, whicharrived from

Sanitary Board to prosent the vessels as a small token of regard and esteem. They could not let them go without giving them some token in re- meminance for the kindness they had always rendered to them in the work. They joined in wishing them a pleasant voyage. Mr. Bryan had suffered an injury to his knee while performing his duty, and they hoped he would enjoy rest in

Oa họ. England which would restore him to perfect health, and enable him to rejoin them. half of the members of the Sanitary Board he wished them bon voyage.

Creek, the destruction of the flotilla of war- junks at Fatshan, the capture of Canton, sal the destruction of the Pei-ho forty in 1858. He was also serving in the Staunch when she was attacked by four piratical juuks moanting 4 gane.(the Staunch carried two 24-pounder howitzers and a crew of 37), agd, after au action of eight hours, succeeded in capturing and destroying three junks and 30 guns. For this service Mr. Morice was promoted to the rank of lieutenant. Lieutenan. Morice saw further servico in thina with the Anglo-Chiness. Force

Mr. Woodcock thanked those who made the in the Y.ngtazo-kiang was repeatedly employed iu 1863 and 1864, and in command of the furdy in the protection of British property from greutation very much for the kind present. Chinese troops, a duty attended with great risk. It was very good of them to give him that nice Promoted to commander's rank in 1969, Com-token; they had got on well together. During mander Morice, with the sanction of the British the past your excellent work had been done by Government, entered the service of the Khedive the Sanitary Department, and he wished it of Egypt in 1871, and served as Captain of the would improve year by your till plague was Port at Suez until removed to Port Said in stamped out; he wished that all those who had of gone in for the examination would come through 1972; Deputy-Comptroller-Géner 1 Egyptian Poets and Lighthouses, residing at with flying colours; he wished that the Civil Alexandria, from 1874; as Comptroller-General Service Club might win the Cricket Shield next from 1879; and as commander of the Egyptian year; and he had one other wish he wished them

all a very good bré. Marine from 1885 to 190'.

au

NAVAL NOTES.

The Portuguese gan-bont Din, Capt. D. F. de So, arrived from Macno yesterday, having left that port on the 29th inst. She experienced fine weather. The British ss. Hunan arrived

"Tokyo, 30th March, 10.30 am.

Mr. Nora has also communicated to us the mobbed by the Russiane, and robbed of the Berlin, where they were supplied with funds which enabled them to come to London. Yes. terday they visited the Japanese Legation and the Japanese Consulate, and arrangements are being made for their being soat to Jupan at an early date.

1 is officially reported that on the 28th inst a detachment of Japanese cavalry and infantry encountered the enemy ontside the south gato of Chongla. An engagement took place, the Russians being driven from the city. The enemy, numbering about 600, retired to Wija,

on

"Casualties:-Japanese: Licy, Kezoan! four men killed, Capt. Kurokawa and eleven ren wounded; no losses were sustained by the infantry. Two of the enemy

dead were found

the field. and subsequently seven or eight of their slain were discovereil in the forti- fications. Their dead were carefully -removed on horses and ambulances during the progress of the fight, and in spite of the Japanese fire they were observed carrying away two Russians, apparently officers. Bloodstained bandages were found scattered on the ground, and by those it is enrmised that the Russian casualties were, at least, equal to those of the Japanese,

"The Japanese entered into possession of the city."

YOUNG ADMIRALS.

It is interesting to note that Admiral Togo commanding the Japanese foot of Port Arthur, is only 46 years of age. His prosent opponent, admiral Makaroff, is 56. Sir Gorard Noel, the new British Admiral on this station. is 59. A telegram from S. Petersburg to the Times last month reported that Admiral Alexieff had requested the Ministry of Marine not to send him Admirals who are too old, "of whom he already has too many, bat oficers of mature age, capable, strong, energetic, and experienced, of whom he has too few."

RUSSIA'S MILITARY MOVENTS, One of Reuter's war correspondents last mouth was enabled by the special permission of Major-General Plug, the Viceroy's Chief of Staff, to pass through the Russian lines and visit Port Arthur, eccompanied by an official escort. Telegraphing from Yinko, the correspondent reported: Less than 30 per cent. of the inhabitants of the town have remained, and many of them are leaving by A telegram has been received by the Hong trains, which are still crowded with reingass. Kong Government, from His

Conditions on the railway are excellent, all Majesty's Consul at Newchwang. It reads is follows:-"Russian military authorities will trains running up to sobedule time. There are between the hours of 6 am, and 6 pm. Vessels The result of the first round in the Neish must stop at the buoy five-and-a-half miles

below the Fort for examination." Bowls competitions was as follows

Mr. J. J. Bryan said that in his present con- dition it was rather difficult to make a speech. He thanked them very much indeed.

Much handshaking. terminated the coadings.

RUSSIA AND NEWCHWAND......

Brilantic

tory to read of them. During the whole of the North yesterday, reports Fine and rain," from-the-North yesterday, having loft Tientsin. KOWLOON, BOWLING GREEN CLUB, allow vessels to eater the port at daytime only, only a few side-tracks unfinished and one bridgə

33

while the French ss. Bourbon, from Saigon reports Fins and misty." Rather a paradox!

The Hon. Treasurer of the Alice Memorial. and Nethersols Hospitals begs to acknowledge with thanks the following donation to the funds of the Bospitala:-C. Wilcockson $5,

In the Council Chambers yesterday afternoon Mr. T. Bercombe Smith was sworn in as Foisne Judge to act during the absence of Mr. Justice Wieo, who left for bome yesterday. H. H. J. Gamports will not as Senior Magistrate und Mr. J. H Kemp as Junior.'•

Walker.

"B" COMPETITION.-J. Ramgay beat J. Walker, C. W. Alexander beat G. R. Edwards, J. Kyles beat A. Milroy, W. Deas beat J Parko, J. Henderson beat W. Ramsay, D. Gow beat J. Macdonald. J. Galt bent J. W Robertson.

the 1903 epidemie a systematic collection of

on the 21st inst.. Weihaiwel on the 26th inst. rats was made throughout Victoria and

She brought 17 British bluejackets from Kowloon, the rats being afterwards bacterio-

Weihuivel to Hongkong. Capt. Frozier reports

"A" COMPETITION.-G. R. Edwards beat logically examined at the Public Mortuary.

strong N.E. wind and rain.

Official accounts of the China Station give. W. Robertson, Jas. Ramsay beat J. Mac- A price of five cents a rat was paid through

farther particulars of the recent coaling per douald, W. Dezs beat D. Gew, J. Galt beat out the year, and between '90,000 and

formanes by the cruiser Leviathan at Hongkong J. Henderson, J. R. Wilson beat A. Milroy, 100,009 rats were caught. But Dr. PEARSE

when a world's record was established-without J. Parkes beat A. Kinross, J. Kyles beat J. says that it is highly probable that a great

the use of steam power or the aid of coolies. number of the rats collected by the rat

What makes the performance all the more Mr creditable is that resort was not had to Tem catchers were imported into the city. Many of the rats "caught on the Kowloon side,

perley transporters, derricks, or crabs, the whole of the work being done by hand. The coal was brought alongside the Leviatha too, were suspected of having beau brought

There has just been erected in the corridor of in 16 junks, other junks with coal being aeross from Victoria, the rat-catching coolies claiming their share of the rats im- the Hongkong Hotel, opposite the lift, a hand- anchored off the vessel & separate gang was ported into Hongkong for the sake of the some oak case with glass door, jutended for allotted to each junk, and as the baskets were bonus of five cents from the Government. the purpose of a letter rack, business and filled they were passed by hand to the ccaling Thus it seems that a certain amount of shipping direstory for the Hotel. We under-port, and thence along planks on empty ci.

stand that similar cases will be erected in the drums to the shoots. The task commenced at public money was wasted on fraudulent principal hotels of Hongkong, Canten, Kowloon, 8.50 am. with two gangs short, and was com pleted at 4.20 p.m., half an hour during the coolies, while the value of the deductions and Moon).

forenoon being allowed for food. The amount from the rats examined was necessarily

It is reported that the Corean Court has of coal taken on board was 2,200 tons, or an As the granted a concession for the working of a gold average of 314.23 tons per hour, deducting tho lessened by the importations.

The best pre- report says, it is not possible to make any mine at Shojo te France, and a similar con half hour allowed for dinner. definite statement regarding the influence cession for another mine to Germany. The vious records were-Terrible, 278 tons per The Moorhen, Laent, and Com: F. B. Noble, of rat-plague on human plague owing to report requires confirmation. There is nothing hour; Vengeance, 278.8 tons per hour.

improbable in the news, however, as it is known the probability of this importation, "

that the Japanese authorities have raised nomen, out and Com, B. V. F. B. Bug- more, shallow draught steamers, are to be Nevertheless a certain number of remarks objection to mining concessions being made by recozarcissioned on the China Station with new

crews sant from the Medway depot. are made by Dr. PEARSE on the subject. Corea to foreign countries.

1

The drawings for the second and third rounds

are!--

"A" COMPETITION (2nd Round).--W. Deas W. Ramsey

3rd Round.-J. Galt. J. R. Wilson, E. W

Alexander or J. Wilkio v. J. Kyles, W. Deas or W. Ramsay . G. R. Edwards, and J. Parkes v. J. Rajesty.

"B" COMPETITION / End Round).-C. W. Alexander & J. R. Wilson.

3rd Round-J. Henderson c. J. Wilkie or A. Kinross, D. Gow v. J. Ramsay, C. W. Alex ander or J. R. Wilson v. W. Deas, and J. Galt v. J. Kyles.

The second and third rounds te bo played off by the end of April.

not completed on the line between Nawchwang pecineula is quiet, and the railway is adequately and Fort Arthur. The whole of the Liaotung guarded. All culverts und bridges have a guard THE MANDJOUR" CASE ÉGAIN. A Peking despatch quoted by the N-C: Daily of from two to twenty-five infantry, and pre- News states that the Japanese Minister, Mr. pacations for defence works aro in program, Uchida, Las informed the Waiwapu that his The troops are active in the vicinity of Kin- Government is not satisfied at the way the chow, where the peninsula narrows down, and e strong force is guarding the spot. The dismantling of the Mandjour in Shanghai has been conducted, in other words, it is complained authorities have mitigated war conditions at that only the breech-blocks of the big guns and Port Arthur by fixing the prices of foodstuffs, the ammunition have been so far taken out of though the cost of other commodities has ad- the vesel, while other moet important parts of vanced. Officials have taken possession of all the machinery, ole, on board have not been foodstuffs in the large stores which Chinese and toneked. Under the circumstances therefore other merchants have deserted. The authorities the Japanese Government do not consider that are making further provision for a siege by the Mardjour has been actually made barraless. sending wheat and milling machinery to Port This, no doubt, is the reason why the Japanese Arthur. They claim that they will be able to

hold out for two years." oruiser Akatsushima still remains at Shanghai.

DISCREPANCY OF NEWS.

The correspondent als reported that General Is it not a pity, asks the Japan Daily Mail, Linievitch and Kondratovitch (Krondratenko?) that Mr. Plançon neglects the precaution of ware at Liaogang. The 11th EastSiberian Regi consulting with the Viceroy and the Admiral went left. Newobwang on the 16th February and arrived at Tasbi-cbia on the 17th. When before manufacturing his stories? Some sem- blance of similarity would so greatly increase the 10th Regiment is near Kinshow, the 9th at their probability.

Alexieff tells of the sinking Haicheng, and the 19th at Lisojang a simul- of the Stevegustchi sad the drowning or capture taneous parallel march towards the Yalu was of all her crew; Plançon returns her as merely contemplated, injured; the Admiral says that he went dat in

Though Major-General Pflag was advano- the Nook accompanied by the Dayan; Plançoning troops from Monkden to the Yalu and carefully omits the Bryan, the Viceroy says strengthening the centre, he was also preparing that the bombardment lasted till 1.15 p.m., to defend the railway and the north Gulf coast