1901-12-30 — Page 5

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INSURANCES

UN INSURANCE OFFICE, LONDON.

FOUNDED 1710.

The Undersigned having been appointed AGENTS for the above Company, aro pre pared to ACCEPT RISKS against FIRE s Current Raten.

SIEMSSEN & CO., Agenta. Hongkong, 16th May, 1893,

"L'URBAINE"

FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, LD.

(Eatablished 1938.)

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, DECEMBER 30г#, 1901

PUBLISHED BY SPECIAL. ABRANGEMÉNT.]

TOWARDS THE SUNRISE.

BY

WIRT GERRARE,

[COPYRIGHT.]

CHAPTER IV.

RUSSIA'S BETTER HALF.

About three hundred years ago, whilst Corte was conquering the new world for Spain, Yestaak, on outlaw, went satward and annexed

favourable points on the Shika and Amur rivers, as the country becomes-colonised from

the west or erst.

If the settlement of the land by means of military colonies has failed, the colonisation by administrative orfler, as at present pursued, is" likely to prove equally abortive. A large muu- bar of immigrants are returning to their pelire places in European Russia. They are the people who have been allotted land unsuitable for their occupation, who expected an ensier life than they found, families who would prove good colonists if properly allocated. The Eng-

freedom of action within definite liroits, and permit him to choose the distrist and, if fres, the particular lot therein, which he feels cap able of occupying profitably. It is doubtful whether such Russian peasants as the Glover ment aids to reach and settle in given parts of Siberia would be capable of choosing wisely, but if they failed, they would have themselves only to blame, whereas they now assert that the government, and the government only, is in

of

BY THE USE

OF OUR

PATENT TRUSS INVENTION.

The Lancet, October 3rd, 1885, says: “It is comfortable, adapts itself readily to the movement the body, and is very effective.""

British Medical Journal, May, 1885, says ; "It is a very ingenious and successful truss” Modical Times and Hospital Gazelle, 1885, myo: “ Hodges & Co. have for years pant devoted. their attention and skill to the improvement of trusses, for the tentment of various kinds of Hernia, following the principles Inid down by Professor Wood, of King's College Hospital."

Particulars-

decide without refarines to their central depart RUPTURE RELIEVED AND ments. Moreover, the Ruslan who wen found in Siberia were, as a class, dificult to OFTEN CURED control; man who felt they were so near the deepest bottom of hell that whatever they did or failed to do, could make but little differenc in their condition," Now. for one Russian official who is a martinet insisting upon the fulfilment of every law to the letter, there are a score whi are content the spirit of the special roguls tions are recognised, and fifty who find it easier to let people have their own way within as wids limits as the written law is capable of being

officials lazy, Forced to shift for themselves, the exiles, settlers, and released convicts formed society as nearly in accordance with their own ideals as circumstances permitted. ThGREG RECKE sectarians who suffered exle rather than sacrifice their faith have settlements far ia advance of the average Russian village, whilst the political exiles made themselves a home as good as they know how to make it, and devoted their spare time to studying the natural history GENERAL PRODUCE BROKERS.

HE Undersigned, having been appointed Siberia for Ivan the Terrible, Taar of Muscovylish remedy would be to allow the individual | construed. As a rule the man are reckless, the TONG.ESS & CO)..., 80, COLLEGE STREET, CHELSEA, LONDON, S.W.

GENERAL AGENTS for the above Company, are prepared to ACCEPT RISKS

at current rates,

F. LEMAIRE & CO.

429 Hongkong, 7th February, 1901, >HŒNIX FIRE OFFICE. P

The Undersigned are now prepared t GEANT POLICIES of INSURANCE against FIRE at Current Rates.

DOUGLAS LAPRAIK & 00.,

Agents for the Phoenix Firm Ofice. Hongkong, 17th August, 1887.

13

NORTH BRITISH AND MERCAN

TILE INSURANCE COMPANY. TOTAL FUNDS AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1900, £14,732,681,

I.

1

and all the Russias. America lua since changed hands several times, and has evolved nationi, whereas Russia in Asia has simply grown, and justifled the boast of the Emperor Nicholas I, that" where the Russian flag has once flown it

shall never be hauled down.”

For three hundred years Russian policy with regard to Biberis was unchanging, the East was a convenient place to which to send the undesirable subjects of the Tsar. Ivan the Terrible sent the first exiles there. He crea Englishman, 000 banished to Siberia an William Barnsley, of Worcester, who long years afterwards returned a wealthy merchant. It is only since the commencement of the last century that Siberia has been raised to the status of a colony to be settled by free mon

fault.

The emigration movement in Russia is to some extent regulated by the liability of the agricultural peissut to pay his way with his commune to the State: In some districts, particularly in Little Rassis, there is conges tion; the peasants are fairly, well-to-do s

of the country around them.

Later settlers come into contact with thers men who have struggled against the State and survived, they become more indepondent, talk of their rights instead of asking for privilage, and soon-not having suffered the penalty-

Besume freedom of action. For the Russian

& CO.

19 and 20. FEATHERSTÖNE

LONDON, EC.

[2702

STREET

ESTABLISHED NEARLY A QUARTER OF A CENTURY... TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS: "GREGRECTE, LONDON."

MANUFACTURERS OF SAUCES & DELICACIES.

WHOLESALE EXPORTERS OF

CONTINENTAL AND COLONIAL PRESERVED PROVISIONS, AND DRIED FRUITS, VEGEIABLES, &C.

(BEST QUALITY ONLY).

SUBSCRIBED CAPITAL... 2,750,000.00 alone. Like French and Germin forain peasants, and liberty to emigrate to Siberia is peasant to travel overland towards the sanries DEALERS IN ENGLISH; FRENCH AND ITALIAN

AUTHORISED CAPITAL £3,000,000 0

PAID UP CAPITAL................... 887,500 0 II. FIRE FUNDS. 2,533,718 14

The Undersignal, having been appointes

AGENTS for the above Company, or pre pared to ACCEPT RISKS against FTR Current Rates.

SHEWAN, TOMES & CO.,

Agents? Hongkong. 3rd July, 1801 SALAMANDER. FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY.

[1641

easily obtained. Then there are poor agrjoal possessions, it has no system of self-gover-taral distrikts, with land which may be grazed, ment. Its laws are the Russian laws, ad but which is not profitable to till, and from these ministered in the different territories by the districts it is swey to obtain a transfer. There corresponding chancelries in St. Petersbarg. are also inhabitants whom the communes would There is no minister for Siberia, or special, s profer to be wAbout; and there are peasants clusive department, unless the immigration staff who, from the accounts they have received from be so considered. The Russian empire is to be former nei, hours or from relatives, are homogeneous; Siberia is to become Russia desirous of sexking fortune in Siberia. There beyone the Urals, or heyond Baikal, nothing are also Colonial communes who wish to receive more. Topographically and ethnographically further settlers of the right kind; these are the countries are similar, the riding line is generally in a position to guard their interests purely artificial, the eastern slopes and the and to obtain what they require. western slopes of the Urals are almost identical Sibaria, it is contended, kas no glacial period, but it is no worse for that, unless its climate, which is that of Russia intensited, is one result NORTH GERMAN FIRE INSUE of the deprivation of an interesting geological

TAGNO more Company, Liff HE Undersigned, having bean appointed prepare to ACCEPT T19KS against FIRE st Current Rates.

HOTZ, JACOB & CO.

Hongkong, 2nd April, 1900,

ANCE COMPANY OF HAMBURS

The Undersigned AGENTS of the shor Company are PREPARED TO ACCEPT Find Clase Foreign and Chinese Riske at Carren Rates.

SIUMSSEN & CO. Hongkong, 29th May, 1895. TRANSATLANTIC FIRE INSUR OF HAMBURG

131

The Undersigned, having been appointed AGENTS for the above Company, are pre- pared to ACCEPT RISKS against FIRE Current Rates

SIEMSSEN & CO.,

Agants. Hongkong, 18th November. 1879. [29 THE WESTERN ASSURANCE COM. FANY OF TORONTO, CANADA, INCORPORATED 1851. CAPITAL..

£410 (900.

| Apoch.

Enesia has frozen tandras, virgin forests, great waterways flowing north and south, an immense platena; but little ahore the sea-level, a bolt of black soil prairie laud merging with sandy desort. Siberis has the game. Russia has Samoyeds and Lappa; isolated settlements of Mordoi, Chuvashes, bands of roaming Bashkers and Kalmueks. Siheds, if it has not the same people, has similar mess, and to the far east and north natives of distinct types. It is not these who constitute ather Russia er

Siberis.

, Thonnsuccessful agricultural labourer, of the pauper class, is the emigrant most wisely treated by the Government. He and his are either conveyed by san to Vladivostok, or forwarded overland to mid-siberia. He gate a free pass he is fed during the jong journey, well-boasid at hie destination, and kept there in idleness, sometimes for months before asigned his land, From the Government stores he gets on allowance of provisions. and the necessary agricultural implements, seeds, and instructions. He leaves, confirmed in bis idleness, fully assured that the State mnat, and will, support him, and more or less careless of the amount to his debt for advances. Sometimes before he has been asked for the first payment he is tired of Siberia and work. fle cannot clear his ground, the insects annoy him, his stock does not suit him, the older sattlors are against liim; so he gives up, and drifts.

The Blavs banished to Siberis, or.transported there as convicted criminals, have all been people who dared to do and to be; the reformers, the faddists, the malcontenta, the unconventional

Sometimes the immigration anthorities are in sonis, whose spirits were at war with the pre- fault. They locate men laboriously haphazard vailing state of things, individuals of strong Or the central authority is to blame by attempt. THE

HE Undersigned, having been oinkd character-whether good or bad-recalcitranting with such immigrants to oust exiled and AGENTS for the above Company, beings whom the rulers wished to tame, or early. free settlers whom the Lovernment prepared to ACCEPT RISKS against FIRE thinkers and actors in advanes of their time consider to be squatters. Land which has been at Current Rates.

whose propinquity was felt to be dangerous to

cleared and made to yield a profitable retura is the State. Just such men and women as hare wreated from those who have always tilled it, made history in western Europe. They were and apportioned to the more favoured now. followed by those who loved and appreciated comers on terms. Sometimes the newcomers them well enough to share their fate. To these holl to their gift; sometimes the former holders must be added the free advanturers, men bold manage to cajole or frighten them away. In enough to risk the unknown and win fortune auch districts there is more strife than honest or perish, thecoforo essentially different to tho socialistically inclined Slav, whose nature it is to depend always upon his ruler, the State, or his fellows.

WM. MEYERINK & CO

My Agents.

18 Hongkong, 18th May, 1000. AACHEN AND MUNICH FIRE AN- SURANCE CO.

OF AIX-LA-CHAPELL THE Undersigned, having been appointed AGENTS for the shove Company, are prepared to ACCEPT RISKS against FIRE at Current Rates. ・・・

REUTER. BRÖCKELMANN & CO.,

Ageata. Hongkong, 21st April, 1997

14

LIEBER'S STANDARD CODE.

ENGLISH EDITION, FRENCH EDITION.

U.S. $10.00

PRICE

abour.

The immigrant, who is almost & pauper, is so treated by the immigration offrera that us often as not lie becomes absolutely pauperised, and learns to depend upon the authorities for eyes y. thing, everything to him being the bare nacen- | sities of life. The six weeks" sea voyage, the com

fortable bousing and good food at the immigrant station, tend to make the peasant disiplined to begin afreski in a rude log-lut on virgin soil, with one hul strangers around him and unknown difficulties, and dangers presenting themselves at every tora.

is itself an education, He mites to some extent with fellow-passengers higher than he in the social scale, he observes them dosuly, what they claim on their one he claims, alors rou been convicted of crimes from patty larceny and mutiny to murder, tell him their stories, and the stories they have heard; ell him how the Settlers bare faced, what they have demanded

and how much has been granted them the dangers to expect, and the means others have

taken to overcome difficultios.

Compared with Ransia, Siberia is inads quately policed. There are towns, or rather great sprawling villages mila in longil, and a population of from five to ten thousand, amongst whom are known tal characters, ned yet have only a couple of score policemena. The individual guards his property and his person as best he can; trivial offences cannot be noticed, and the perpetrators of the worst crimes often escape undetected. The settlers know this, and it is a very good schooling for the Russian peasant who, from cradle to grave, is neve tanght to rely upon himself.

POULTRY, EGGS, BUTTER, AND FARM PRODUCE.

CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED.

SHIPPING SUPPLIED,

NESBIT

& CO.,

ELECTRICIANS.

18750

WOODFORD GREEN

ELECTRICAL AGENTS,

ESSEX.

ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES. DEALERS IN ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES OF ALL ESCRIPTIONS, ALL OUR BRANCHES HAVE THE PERSONAL SUPERVISION OF THE MANAGERS OF OUR DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS.

ELECTRIC BELLS. ELECTRIC HEATING.

NESBIT & CO... WOODFORD GREEN, ESSEX:

ELECTRIC LIGHT

JAPAN

Materially, too, Siberia is richer than Russia. Gold deposits and the natural resources, minemi and vegetable, await exploration. There has been an abundance of convict labour available, so that some Siberian villages have buildings THE worthy of towns, and the more important centres, us Irkutsk, rank higher than the capitals of provincial govenments in Russie itself.

Trade is brisk everywhere, but commerce is in its infancy. Much of what is produced is

MITSUI

COALS

[275]

BUSSAN KAISHA (OR MITSUI & CO.)

HEAD OFFICE :—43, SAKAMOTO-HO, TORTO LONDON OFFICE:-34, LIME STREET, B.C. HONGKONG OFFICE:-6, Icz Hovax STREET.

BRANCH OFFICES:

consumed locally, and the demand is increasing. New York, San Francisco, Hamburg. Bombay, Singapore, Surabaya, Manila, Amoy, Shanghai,

of

From western Siberia, many tons of baiter find way to the English market, but it is by way Denmark, where it is re-made and so handled to render it indistinguishable from "Best Danish." Sito corn reaches Russia, some ig exported, much more might be raised and marketed profitably.

Siberia has some of the finest meadow and prairie grazing ground in the world; the stock a few districts is good but might be improved. Much of it is in the hands of people who know no better way of meing milk than allowing it to stand until sour, then eat the cards. Other settlers understand farming better; these snccal, and in a few years want batter mechinery than the Govern ment depôtssapply. They combine to purchase Many of these pioneers accambed to the

the latest harvesters, respers, and threshore, and | hardships of the journey or the life; many left

can glut a local market. What Siberia wants most is men, good farmers and hard workers. aucoessors. The isolated degenerate criminals

If Biberia wore thrown open to the world to would have become extinct as a class, but for

colonise it would get them. But the foreigner the constant stream of their kind from Europe,

may not own land in the Russian empire, and so the portion of the populatisi which is Sibe

the foreigner would be unwise to go so far sa rian by birth and descent is derived from either

textant farmer. Siberia must wait for the slow, uncertain methods of the Russian settler to the best of the exiles or the soldiery sent to

enrich her. And the pensant is alow in coming SELECTED GODE WORDS. guard the prison and settlements. As yet these

and slow in getting to work. In his wake are THE Ciphers are selected from the "OFFI- | have not become a nation or distinct people. The overland railway journey to Eastern as many artisans, traders, and non-producers as

VOCABULARY caro having been

Military colonies were tried in Russis more Siberia takes the immigrant at least twice as his labour will support. At the present rate of taken to omit such BANGEROUS cipliers 29

Chosp."

""Charge," "Collect," Bimonthis," than a century ago, and found wanting; in the long as it does the ordinary traveller, the Betilement, it will take generations to colonise Siberia, so that in the end Russia must be "Eleventh," "Eighteenth, Cargo, &c., which south and east of Russia they have become greater set of the time he is waiting ona ontstripped, British colonies and other lazds, extinct. Akin to them are the Cousack settle siding. From Smolensk to Baikal in a month with no greater natural advantages, bearing so CONTENTS

is good travelling. He has to await a Govern- pach

wealth. The Code contains 800 pages of 25,000 menta la Siberia. These were formed for two

Another fate may be in store for Eastern ciphers: 65,000 have sentences, and 10,000 are purposes; first to supply a resident military ment barge or steamer; and from that he, with shore realer population and producing so mach blank, enabling the addition of private phrases forco near the frontier, secondly to populate the all his belongings, may be put askere wherever Siberia if Chiness coulie labour is freely imported under their propar headings.

country with a farming element. The two are the depth of water may requijs that the slip boss at present. The Chairman has built Vladi DIRECTORY OF USERS.

antagonistic, hence failure in both. The Cossacklightened, An emigrant camp on the banks of LIEBER'S MANUAL, published every three months, contains a revied list of those using is essentially a nemad grazier; immediately he the Amar had been formed in that way; the the Code, No OTHER CODE FURNISHES SUCE fills the soil he loses the instructive qualities of passengers had been there fifteen days when A Lrar.

the Cossack soldier. He las an immorable spoke with them. They special to remain stake in the country, he is unwilling to turn out another fortnight, and it is possible that they for military work when his allotments require are there still. Unless a Government boat with his laban. Tast year great difficulty was ex spare accommodation happens to take them on, perienced in getting the settled Cocks they have only two thing to do become mobilised for the military operations against squatters at that spot or constract a raft and Manchuria, and the better the soldiers succed float down stream to their destination or an na farmers the worst soldiers they make. Then emigrant station. This best is the sasiest as settlers and farmers they are inferior solution; it requires only the men. Away down to the agricultural Immigrants from Little the Amur I passed a small raft constructed of Russia, inferior to the exiled settlers and

a few baulks of driftwood bound together with their descendants, but they manage to main withes. The rs were sticks, to which, for tain themselves in primitive Cossack fashion. blades, the stares of an old oask were tied; other As the child of a Cassiek is entited to stages mude the floor; in an old scap-bor was"

are found in other Codes.

BEST EXTANT.

That LIEBEE'S CODE is recognised as the best ever offered to the public is shown by the following houses, who have unqualifiedly endorsed it in preference to all others:--

HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING

CORPORATION CHARTERED BANK OF INDIA, AUSTRALIA

+

AND CHINA. RUSSO CHINESE BANK. JARDINE, MATHESON & CO. ALEHOLD, KAEEEEG & Co. CHINESE ENGINEERING CO. "Homozone DAILY PERBS."

LIEBER CODE CO., 24, Stone Stret, New York; 20, Bucklersbury, London, Hongkong, 25th November, 1901. 1994

COLD STORAGE

vostok, which is the finest toga in all Siberis:

Russian farmer will grow apon sa acre, and he can raise more on a rood of ground than a neither tas Russian nor the Siberian native can compete with him in the labour market. Ho will be master of the country between the Pacifio second Ocean and Lake Baikal, making of it Manchuria, and that without owning a eqasre yard of ground, or having any voice in the Go- vernment of the country. He succeeds by hard work, and to Russia in the Far East his labour has already become indispensable. The State, and maybe the private capitalists, will benefit, but the Russian penguat is completely cut- classed, and all the protection his Government can give him will not now suffice to pince Siberia in his hands.

To be continued.)

your Bools well polished, tell you want

your Valet or the Maid to ask for WALTONS BOOT CREAMS

.

AND VARNISHES.

tea, bread and salt; in the lid of an old ti boz the embers of the fire were kept aglow. Two men bad cars on this rough craft eight hundred miles, and had eleven hundred more to travel Typical Russian peasants, they were able to

donlared they enjoyed it, and lacked nothing.

Siberis is not only larger, but it in grester JANUE MOSCOVITE, TAR-3 SHADES, than Eussia. It is the better half, in the pose PARISIAN DRESS BOOT POLISH. that the people are superior, from the British

have now 40,000 Gubic feet of Cold rarely determined in a way satisfactory to all endure the hardships of their journey; they-WALTONIAN CREAM, WHITE & BLACK

THE HONGKONG ICH COMPANY, LD, Storage available at EAST POINT. Btores will be Open at 10 AM, and 4 F.M. daily, Sundays excepted, to receive and deliver perishable goods

WOW PARLANE, Manager. Hongkong, 18th November, 1901.

R

UINART PERE TILS, REIMS

Extablished 1719

E.C.d to a share of the real estate of the settlement, or to a free groot of land from the Government, there is a premium on immorality, and the saccordion is complicated by multitudinous issues dificult to decide and

the parties. The great trouble arises when the advantageons situation of a Cossack post leads to its development as an industrial or distribut ing centre. The progress of Biretansk, Chits, and other places is checked by the Cossack ad- or Westora point of view. There was a ministration, who military organisation is Russian saying The nerer the Tar tho incompatible with urban government. At grester the danger.” Its modern rendering is - Stretenak, with a populatim of 8,000, of whom The further from the wpital the greater only 1.200 are Cossacks, the military colonists freedom. In Biberis it is possible to do things claim to pomess all the land in the vicinity one could not do in older Bussin. In the first --and this at the actual terminus of the great place the distance is so great that every little Biberian railway! The same trouble will arise trouble could not be sent to St. Petersburg for in turn at Gorbitas, Pokrovka, and the other bottlemont; the governors and offiotals had to

[G5

CHAMPAGNE GROWERS AND SHUPPERS. Ship only the Finest Quality Biths Dry (Grown Bowl)

LAUTA WEGENER & CO.,

Bole

Agents.

1271 Hongkong, 17th May. 105, y

Order from Stores or Wholesale to—

JOHN WALTON (PARIS),

MANUFACTURRE,

176, SHAFTESBURY AVENUE,

LONDON.

[275

Hankow, Chsign, Tientsin, Naweh wang, Fort Arthur, Seoul, Chemulpe. Yokohama, Yokoanka, Nagoge, Osaka, Kobe, Ke, Shimonoseki, Moji, Wakamatsu, Karatau, Nagasaki, Kuchinoten, Sasebo, Miike, Hakodato, Taipeh, &o.

Telegraphic Address for all the Offer: "MITSUI.”

A.B.C. and ▲ 1 Codes, nexÌ..

CONTRACTORS OF COAL to the Imperial Japanese Navy, Arsozak and Railway. Bureau ; Principal Railway Companies and Industrial Works; Home and Forsiga Mail and Fraight Steamers

SOLE PROPRIETORS of the Famous Mike, Tagawa, Yamano and Ida Coal Mines; and Otsuji, Tohmlam, Taulakuro, Yoshinotaui. Feshic, Yanokibara, and other Coal Miner. SOLE AGENTS for Fakamo, Hokoku, lohiara, Kanada, Kishina, Mansoura, Opours,

N. INUZUKA, Manager,

(2778 Hongkong, 1st November, 1901,

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[1785