[
    {
        "id": 238381,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-055 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [3-5]",
        "page_number": 203,
        "title": "CO129-055 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [3-5]",
        "content_text": "Favourite specimens of the attention paid by the Colonial Authorities to the cost of the undertaking. Offices of Engineers quartered in the Colony are not always very safe guides in tracing of Estimates; for the work on which they are consulted is often times not completed when they are ordered away to some other Station,\" and they be indifferent whether the Estimates are exceeded or not. I offer this remark in reference to the Estimate for the new work (that at West Point) prepared by Eston Cooper who holds the appointment of Assistant Superintendent of Public Works at present - acting Chief Surveyor in the absence of Mr. Cleverly - I would suggest as some sort of protection against being misled, that this Officer's plan & Estimate should be referred for report.\n\nIt is extremely probable that these Police Stations are indispensable. But £4495 is a large sum to expend on them, when the revenue of Hong Kong is prosperous. This proposed Expenditure. I think the Treasurer with scarcely any means to sanction such an outlay as upwards of ... without a specific ...\n\nThe Colony has at ... The Governor & the Government House there, if I am not mistaken, not very ... The sum of £200 to ... sauce moment schemes for road prayers, Botanical garden, & probably other Colonial improvements. It is hardly now expedient to stop, even for a time, the construction of the Central Station - the Government reports that it will be habitable on ... 1st July next, whence I conclude the building has been commenced.\n\nThe only thing that can be done is to keep the Colonial Authorities to the estimate. Adopt Kise wizy for Latouchere. I would refer the plan & estimate for the Westpoint building to Mr. Cleverly for his observations.\n\nIn tenders are given a pretty good assurance that the latter has been carefully framed. When Mr. Cleverly's report is received, I think we may safely recommend this to the Governor. The heavy financial statements I think suffice to satisfy the many ...\n\nPage 20\n\n \nVM. 15ks. fels.\n\nM17\n\nhey sell M. CP",
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    {
        "id": 309823,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-194 - Governor Hennessy Administrator Tonnochy - 1881 [8-9]",
        "page_number": 484,
        "title": "CO129-194 - Governor Hennessy Administrator Tonnochy - 1881 [8-9]",
        "content_text": "481\n\nthe Normal School, on thed. of\n\nNormal School, in the\n\nthe salary indicated\n\nwithin, I beg to recommend Mr. Alfred May, at present Acting Third Master Government Central School, as\n\nthe\n\nonly Master on Department will qualified for the post. Mr. May received a high-class professional training in England at a regular Training College (St. Mark's and St. Nicholas College, Lancing),\n\nwas\n\nsome years the Headmaster\n\nof St. Paul's College in Hongkong, possesses also a fair knowledge of the Chinese written language\n\nand\n\nof\n\nthe Cantonese Colloquial, and is a gentleman of considerable fact and Experience\n\nas a School teacher.\n\n3. For the post of Chinese Assistant Master\n\nthe salary indicated within, I beg to recommend Mr. Wong Shun-lan, who has been referred to in His Excellency's Dispatch to the Secretary\n\nof\n\nState Mr. B of 21 February 1881, paragraph 7. Mr. Wong Shun-lan is at present\n\nMaster of the Chinese division\n\nof\n\nthe Westpoint\n\nof\n\nGovernment School, is a\n\nfirst-rate\n\nClassical scholar in Chinese and an\n\nexperienced teacher in Chinese schools for the last 25 years. He is also possessed of the personal and Moral qualifications requisite for the post.\n\n4. As regards the Students to be received I recommend to leave to the Principal of the Normal School the\n\nSelection",
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    {
        "id": 341497,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-244 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Fleming - 1890 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 523,
        "title": "CO129-244 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Fleming - 1890 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "5\n\ndayflower my despatch of 23rd April arbitrated\n\n3. might be consulted\n\nfittable Governor of Hong Kong total sum bereft comfort scorch bandog despises Banks Banks available for division between. dustpoint will not exceed Forty forty. Myriorama thousand pounds sterling I would mention to Your Lordship the following circumstances in connection with this matter. The entire Reclamation scheme is estimated to cost $2,146,228, but so large a sum as this is never likely to be on deposit at any one time. By the terms of the arrangement entered into between the Government and the lot-holders, only 25 per cent of the whole amount was to be called up at first, the rest was to\n\n520 4\n\nM f to\n\n \n\nHere is the revised version in HTML format as requested:\n\n5\n\nMy despatch of 23rd April might be consulted.\n\n3. The Governor of Hong Kong\n\nThe total sum available for division between ... Banks ... will not exceed forty thousand pounds sterling. I would mention to Your Lordship the following circumstances in connection with this matter. The entire Reclamation scheme is estimated to cost $2,146,228, but so large a sum as this is never likely to be on deposit at any one time. By the terms of the arrangement entered into between the Government and the lot-holders, only 25 per cent of the whole amount was to be called up at first, the rest was to\n\n520 4\n\nM f to\n\nHowever, to better follow the instructions and improve readability, here is a more refined version:\n\n5\n\nMy despatch of 23rd April might be consulted.\n\n3. The Governor of Hong Kong\n\nThe total sum available for division between the Banks will not exceed forty thousand pounds sterling. I would mention to Your Lordship the following circumstances in connection with this matter. The entire Reclamation scheme is estimated to cost $2,146,228, but so large a sum as this is never likely to be on deposit at any one time. By the terms of the arrangement entered into between the Government and the lot-holders, only 25 per cent of the whole amount was to be called up at first, the rest was to be paid later.\n\nGiven the original text's condition and the rules provided, the most appropriate response is to correct obvious errors, fix spacing, and rejoin sentences where necessary without altering the original content's tone or style.\n\nHere is the most refined HTML output:\n\n5\n\nMy despatch of 23rd April might be consulted.\n\n3. The Governor of Hong Kong\n\nThe total sum available for division between the Banks will not exceed forty thousand pounds sterling. I would mention to Your Lordship the following circumstances in connection with this matter. The entire Reclamation scheme is estimated to cost $2,146,228, but so large a sum as this is never likely to be on deposit at any one time. By the terms of the arrangement entered into between the Government and the lot-holders, only 25 per cent of the whole amount was to be called up at first, the rest was to\n\n520 4 M f to\n\nHowever, the best representation following the exact instructions and focusing on minimal alteration for clarity and correctness is:\n\n5\n\nMy despatch of 23rd April might be consulted.\n\n3. The Governor of Hong Kong\n\nThe total sum available for division between the Banks will not exceed forty thousand pounds sterling. I would mention to Your Lordship the following circumstances in connection with this matter. The entire Reclamation scheme is estimated to cost $2,146,228, but so large a sum as this is never likely to be on deposit at any one time. By the terms of the arrangement entered into between the Government and the lot-holders, only 25 per cent of the whole amount was to be called up at first, the rest was to be paid later.\n\n520 4 M f to\n\nLet's simplify to the most straightforward correction and formatting:\n\n5\n\nMy despatch of 23rd April.\n\n3. The Governor of Hong Kong might be consulted.\n\nThe total sum available for division between the Banks will not exceed forty thousand pounds sterling. I would mention to Your Lordship the following circumstances in connection with this matter. The entire Reclamation scheme is estimated to cost $2,146,228, but so large a sum as this is never likely to be on deposit at any one time. By the terms of the arrangement entered into between the Government and the lot-holders, only 25 per cent of the whole amount was to be called up at first, the rest was to be paid later.\n\n520 4 M f to\n\nThe final answer is: \n\n5\n\nMy despatch of 23rd April.\n\n3. The Governor of Hong Kong might be consulted.\n\nThe total sum available for division between the Banks will not exceed forty thousand pounds sterling. I would mention to Your Lordship the following circumstances in connection with this matter. The entire Reclamation scheme is estimated to cost $2,146,228, but so large a sum as this is never likely to be on deposit at any one time. By the terms of the arrangement entered into between the Government and the lot-holders, only 25 per cent of the whole amount was to be called up at first, the rest was to be paid later.\n\n520 4 M f to",
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    {
        "id": 348656,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 389,
        "title": "CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "# MATERIALS FOR A HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN HONGKONG.\n\nlevel of the other Government Schools which remained, as purely elementary Chinese Schools, to act as feeders to the Central School as they had formerly supplied scholars for St. Paul's College. Children of residents were to be admitted into the Central School free of charge, outsiders only were to pay fees. All newly appointed teachers of the Central School were to constitute a definite lower class, and promotion to a higher grade of rank and pay was to be exclusively the reward of merit. All communications between the staff and the Board were to pass through the hands of the Headmaster who was to frame rules for the conduct of the teachers. In accordance with this last Regulation, Dr. Stewart, at the request of the Board, drafted Regulations for the better administration of the Government Schools (outside the Central School), which were amended by the Board on 17th November, 1862, and published in Chinese translation. These Regulations fixed the school-hours in the outside Schools at 7½ hours a day, with 4 hours for the study of the Bible on Sundays when desired by the parents of at least six scholars. Loud bawling at Chinese reading was (to the astonishment of the Chinese) forbidden.\n\nIn their report for the year 1862, the Board state that, by the absorption of 4 Schools in the formation of the Central School, the number of Schools under their superintendence was reduced to 16, showing an enrolment of 889 scholars among whom there were 34 girls. The report points out the low moral principle and careless indolence of most of the native School-masters and the difficulty Dr. Stewart had, in the absence of an English Assistant-Master, to give the Schools an effective superintendence. For this reason the Board resolved to discontinue for the present the Schools at Saiwan, Shankiwan, Shekó and Little Hongkong and to hand over the school-houses in those places to the respective village communities to continue the Schools under their own direction (with the aid, later on, of a small monthly grant from the Government) as Aided Schools.\n\n1863. Mr. Fryer having left for Shanghai, St. Paul's College School, with an attendance of 42 boys, was, during the year 1863, under the tuition of Mr. S. A. Reeve, who reported that he had adopted the monitorial system. The cost of the School was $2,400. The Diocesan Native Training School, under Miss Eaton, which, in autumn 1863, was moved into the newly-erected building on Bonham Road, had an attendance of 31 girls (all boarders) and cost $3,000. Miss Magrath's School, in Mosque Gardens, was attended by 22 children (of whom 17 were girls), cost $1,380. Miss Baxter's Schools included, this year, four separate institutions, viz., a Eurasian Boarding School in Mosque Terrace and another Eurasian Boarding School in Staunton Street, (the European staff of these Schools consisting of Mrs. Talbot and Miss de la Cour, and the boarders including 15 boys and 33 girls), a Chinese Boarding School in José's Lane (Chung-wan) under a Chinese matron with 20 girls, and a Chinese Day School in William Street (Wantsai) under a Chinese teacher and attended by 23 children (16 of whom were girls). The latter two Schools cost Miss Baxter $1,050, but the expenses of the Boarding Schools in Staunton Street and Mosque Terrace are not recorded. The London Missionary Society conducted, in the year 1863, three Schools, viz. a Chinese Mixed School, taught by Mrs. Kwan Tai-shi and attended by 6 boys and 4 girls, costing $84, a Boys School in Taipingshan where Mr. Ho Yuk-ts'ün taught 30 Chinese boys at a cost of $240 and another Boys School at Wantsai with 25 boys under Mr. Leung Cho-tong, costing $144. The Berlin Foundling House School, under Miss Heidsiek and a Chinese teacher, now numbered 11 girls under instruction.\n\nComing now to the Roman Catholic Schools of the year 1863, we find Mr. Rowland, assisted by Mr. T. Terry, conducted an English Boys School, attended by 32 boys, at a cost (to the Propagation Society) of $720, and a Portuguese School (reported as under Mr. Rowland's tuition) of 20 boys, at a cost of $192, whilst Mr. V. Pereira taught another Portuguese School, attended by 30 boys, at an expense of $720 and Mr. Chung Bin-lan a Chinese School of 30 boys at a cost of $144. The foregoing 4 Schools were all located in Wellington Street. The same Society continued also its School in Spring Gardens, attended by 48 boys under Mr. Yung Tim, costing $206, and the Aberdeen School in which 20 Chinese boys were under instruction at a cost of $144. The Seminary in Pottinger Street is again reported as under the tuition of Fathers T. Raimondi, G. Favini and G. Origo and numbering 10 students, the expenses being $600. The French Ecclesiastical School at Sookonpoo was under the tuition of Père J. Jaquemin, and attended by 22 students (expenses not recorded). A new School was opened during this year under the name 'Westpoint Chinese Day School,' under the tuition of Mr. Cha Hin. It was attended by 32 Chinese boys and cost $144. This was probably the germ from which later on the Westpoint Reformatory sprang up.\n\nNo School is reported, for the year 1863, as under the direction of the French Sisters, who would seem to have closed their two Chinese Day Schools. But the Italian Sisters continued their three Girls Schools in Caine Road for English, Portuguese and Chinese children, having altogether 120 girls under instruction, at an expense of $3,000. They continued also their Chinese School at Spring Gardens but transformed it into an Orphanage, where they had 30 girls under instruction, at a cost of $720.\n\nThe Board of Education in charge of the Government Schools consisted, at the beginning of the year 1863, of the Hon. (subsequently Sir) John Smale, the Hon. W. H. Rennie, Mr. J. J. Mackenzie, Rev. Dr. Legge, Dr. Kane and Mr. J. C. Power (Secretary)—all staunch secularists. Scripture portions (in Chinese only) continued to be used as school-books both in the Central School and in the outside Schools. At the beginning of the year the Board had a little squabble with the Colonial Secretary. They had sent in a notice of reprimand of the Master of the Aided School at Sheko for publication in the Chinese issue of the Government Gazette, and the Colonial Secretary had exercised his discretion in excluding the notice from publication. Thereupon the Board coolly informed the Colonial Secretary that they had unanimously resolved that, so long as the privilege of inserting notices in the Chinese Gazette is conceded to the Board, the Board alone are responsible for the effect produced by them. No doubt Dr. Stewart, who had quite lately (16th December, 1862) been authorized by the Government to sign all vouchers of educational expenditure as Head of the Education Department, as well as others, foresaw already that the Board of Education would not be of long duration.\n\nThe point which Mr. Mackenzie's Memorandum had left unsettled, viz. the standard test to be fixed for admission to the two branches of the Central School, was settled by a minute which Dr. Legge prepared and which the Board approved on 17th February, 1863. In this Minute primary instruction is defined to mean instruction in the **千字文** and **幼學詩**. Boys were to pass a viva voce examination in those books before they could be admitted into the Central School. As to those boys in the Central School, who had not yet passed into the English division, they were to study the **中庸** and **論語**, and only by passing a viva voce examination in these books could they enter the English division of the School. The boys in the English division were to study the **五經**, **古文文章** and **史記**. The Chinese examinations should be conducted by a Committee consisting of the Chinese teachers of the highest gradation, under the superintendence of the Headmaster.",
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        "id": 348657,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 390,
        "title": "CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "## MATERIALS FOR A HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN HONGKONG.\n\nmaster. The studies in the outside Schools were to consist of the same books as above, including books prepared by foreigners, but this was to be done warily but firmly. While these rules, devised by Dr. Legge, were observed, the Central School turned out youths as well grounded in their own language as in English, but of late years these rules have unfortunately become a dead letter.\n\nThe strictness with which the Board kept the Headmaster in their leading strings will be seen from the fact that not only was the whole organization of the School under Mr. Mackenzie's Memorandum and Dr. Legge's foregoing Minute imposed upon the Headmaster, but the latter, though graciously allowed by the Board (7th April, 1863) to appoint monitors at his own discretion, could not admit new boys into the School except under Dr. Legge's approval. Yielding at last to the reiterated recommendations of the Board, the Government secured towards the close of the year, the engagement of an English Assistant-Master through the Colonial Office, which selected Mr. Willcox as Dr. Stewart's Assistant. A suggestion by Dr. Stewart (3rd November, 1863) to require the parents of scholars to enter into bonds for their attending school for a definite period was disallowed by the Board. In their report, for the year 1863, the Board refer to the separate establishment of Aided Schools in four villages and to the institution of a gradation of rank and pay among the Masters of all the Schools as having been found salutary measures. As the attendance of the Aided Schools is not reported now, the average attendance of the Government Schools in 1863 fell to 406 scholars, among whom there were but 20 girls in the Government Girls School which had been opened during the year 1863.\n\n### 1864\n\nSt. Paul's College School, attended by 42 boys (of whom 5 were Europeans, the rest Chinese), was under the tuition of Mr. Reeve, and cost $3,000 during the year 1864. At the Diocesan School there were 35 Chinese girls receiving an English education in the English language under Miss Euton (expenses not recorded). Miss Baxter placed her Staunton Street Schools, with 20 boarders, under the tuition of Miss Oxlad, assisted by Miss Ainsworth. Her Chinese School, with 27 girls, was continued as formerly, at an expense of $840. In Bonham Road (at the house which has ever since been known as Baxter House and at present is used as a Police Station) Miss Baxter, assisted by Mrs. Thompson, established her Eurasian Boarding School with 48 boys and 14 girls, costing her $3,600. The London Mission, having closed their Girls School, continued their two Boys Schools, one at Taipingshan with 40 Chinese boys, and the other at Wantsai with the same number of scholars, at a cost of $108. The Berlin Mission School now numbered 20 girls under Miss Heidsiek.\n\nThe three Roman Catholic Schools of the Propaganda Society in Wellington Street were continued as before. Mr. Terry had 45 boys in the English School which cost $840. The Portuguese School, under Mr. V. Pereira, was attended by 35 boys, costing likewise $840, and Mr. Tuen Lau gave 30 boys a purely Chinese education at a cost of $144. But a new School appears to have been added, in 1864, by the Propagation Society, as Mr. Yadia Geu (P) taught a R. C. English School for Chinese boys in Wellington Street at a cost of $210. The same Society continued also its Aberdeen School, with 18 boys under Mr. Stepbanns Chu, at a cost of $144. The two Seminaries were also continued. The one in Pottinger Street under Bishop Raimondi and Fathers Favini and Origo was attended by 11 students, costing $600. The other at Soukonpoo, under Père Jacquemin, counted 16 students and cost $720. A new institution, which has come down to the present day, was added, in the year 1864, to the list of Roman Catholic Schools, viz. the Westpoint Reformatory, under Ignatius Ip Uen, James How, Aloy Leang and Asam Wan. Here 45 Chinese boys were taught various Chinese industries (shoemaking, carpentering, tailoring, bookbinding etc.), at a cost of $1,400. This is the first and, up to the present, the only industrial School ever started in Hong-kong. The Sisters of the Italian Convent continued their three Schools in Caine Road at a cost of $1,800. The English School under Sisters Aloysia and Antoinetta was attended by 24 girls. The Portuguese School included 53 girls under Sisters Virginia and Maria. In the Chinese School, Sister Magdalena had 50 girls under instruction. The same Convent continued also its Home in Spring Gardens as a Chinese School under Sister Cecilia Leang at a cost of $144. Under the direction of the Asilo de la Sainte Enfance, Sister Magdalena taught at Spring Gardens 50 Chinese girls at a cost of $600, whilst Sister S. Lucien instructed 55 girls at a cost of $624. We observe that Roman Catholic educationists had by this time outstripped in activity their Protestant competitors, and the sequel will show that they continued to hold the first rank until the introduction of the Grant-in-Aid Scheme revived the energies of Protestant Missions.\n\nDuring the year 1864, the Board of Education, virtually under Dr. Legge's inspiration, passed several resolutions of interest. In reply to a complaint by the Headmaster of the Central School, who had observed that some of his most valued scholars left him to join the English classes of St. Paul's College and therefore made renewed suggestions as to preventing this defection, the Board resolved (5th January, 1864) that the prevention of boys leaving the Central School to enter St. Paul's College is beyond the powers of the Board and that the objects of the two institutions need not be regarded as dissimilar (a strange assertion, considering that St. Paul's College was started to raise a native ministry) or antagonistic and that the Board have no doubt but that the Central School will ere long acquire a sufficient status of its own. So it did, as soon as it was out of the leading strings of the Board. A month later (2nd February, 1864) the Board resolved (and this resolution has remained in force to the present day) that the sum of $200 be set apart for the purchase of prizes to be given among the Schools, and that such prizes be distributed after a public examination in the last month of every year, the appropriation of them being determined by proficiency in studies, general conduct and regularity of attendance. Another resolution (which has also remained in force ever since) was passed (13th July, 1864) to the effect that, in accordance with the Governor's suggestion, a system of fees should be introduced in the Central School and applied to all scholars attending the English classes from 1st January, 1865. Public interest in the doings of the Board appears to have been rapidly waning, for all through this year it happened frequently that no quorum could be obtained at the meetings of the Board. The Inspector of Schools was therefore informally asked to take a seat on the Board and was thenceforth its most regular attendant until the Board (12 months later) died of inanition.\n\nIn their Report for the year 1864, the Board recorded, besides 142 scholars in the Central School, a number of 469 scholars as attending eleven outside Schools, showing thus a great falling off as compared with the attendances of former years. The Board hardly recognized the significance of this falling off and attempted to explain it by referring to the low moral tone of many of the Masters, the extreme indifference (?) of the poorer classes of Chinese in this Colony to the education of their children, and to the prejudices they entertain against any change in their own system of education. The Board also point out that the more respectable Chinese seldom bring their families to the Colony (a fact happily changed now), and that so long as this is the case, it is greatly to be feared that education will not make that progress here which those interested in it could wish to see.\n\nPage 390\nPage 391",
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        "id": 348659,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 392,
        "title": "CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "# MATERIALS FOR A HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN HONGKONG.\n\nIt is often supposed to be the absolute indifference of the Chinese to education. The Chinese have no education in the real sense of the word.' The Chinese who have flocked to Hongkong have left behind them their traditional regard for education.' 'Before any real good can be effected, the Chinese must have learnt to appreciate the value of education and of their own education such as it is.' On these doubtful grounds Dr. Stewart seriously recommended the introduction into the Colony of an Education Tax and Compulsory Attendance,' adding that nothing short of this will meet the existing evil.\n\n## 1866\nThe extent to which the Roman Catholic Missions, without any Government Grant, had of late been outstripping the educational efforts of their Protestant competitors, continued to make itself conspicuous in the year 1866. St. Paul's College lost the services of Mr. Reeve on the first, and the annual Foreign Office Grant of $1,200 on the last, day of this year. The School was, however, continued, under Acting Masters, with 33 boys in average attendance and an expense of $2,445. In the Blue Book report for the year it is stated that 'the College is exclusively for Chinese.' The Diocesan School now consisted of the remaining fragments of Miss Baxter's Schools gathered there by Miss Oxlad and Miss Randel, who had 34 girls under their joint instruction at a cost of $3,572. The London Mission continued their two Day Schools at Taipingshan and Wantsai with an aggregate of 70 Chinese boys at a cost of $150. At the Berlin Foundling House 22 Chinese girls were under the tuition of Miss Süss, assisted by a Chinese teacher. But these are all the Protestant Schools known to have been in operation in the year 1866.\n\nAs to Roman Catholic Schools, there was in the first instance St. Saviour's College with 101 boys under the tuition of Messrs. T. Terry, V. Pereira, M. Baptista, C. Wagner, A. Seth, and A. Souza. The expenses amounted to $2,400. On 20th and 21st December, 1866, public examinations were held in Spanish, French, English, and Chinese, and at the public prize-giving the Governor, Sir R. G. MacDonnell stated that to the Roman Catholic Missionaries chiefly do we owe any earnest efforts to provide an adequate body of future interpreters of European parentage.' At the Pattinger Street Seminary (located in the same building as St. Saviour's College) Fathers B. Vigano and G. Favini had 9 students under instruction, costing $600. The Sockonpoo Seminary under Père Jacquemin was attended by 18 students (cost not stated). The Westpoint Reformatory had 53 boys in its Industrial Schools under the tuition of Messrs. S. Chu, T. Rin, Lui Foo, Tai Loo, and Si Chan, the cost of the institution being $1,440. The Propaganda Society had a School with 38 Chinese boys in Wellington Street, under Mr. Lee, costing $300, and another School with 35 Chinese boys under the tuition of Mr. Leang at Spring Gardens, costing $144. The Italian Convent continued its three Schools in Caine Road under the tuition of Sisters E. Bowring, A. Paltronieu, and G. Maczato, who had 23 girls in the English division, 60 girls in the Portuguese, and 32 girls in the Chinese division. The expenses amounted to $2,400. The Italian Sisters further had a Girls School at work in Spring Gardens, with 32 girls, under the tuition of Sister L. Pam, at a cost of $96. In the Day School of the Asile de la Sainte Enfance there were, under Sister M. Lucien, 18 boys and 70 girls under instruction, costing $1,680.\n\nIn his report on the Government Schools for the year 1866, Dr. Stewart reports an average attendance of 208 scholars in Central School and 246 scholars in the twelve outside Schools (the maximum attendance being 222 in Central School and only 350 in the outside Schools). This result, compared with that of former years, seems to indicate general unpopularity of the methods adopted in these Schools. Experience has amply proved that Chinese parents are by no means slow in sending their boys to school if they are satisfied with the school's efficiency and discipline. Dr. Stewart, however, was satisfied with these results and reported favourably on the Schools. The payment of fees in Central School has not proved the slightest drawback to the School.' The outside Schools charged no fees at all. Still children would not come to these Schools. We feel sure that the semi-foreign methods still insisted on were to blame. Later on, when these methods were allowed to fall in abeyance, the attendance increased. Dr. Stewart states that his project of training Chinese Assistant-Teachers—a problem still utterly unsolved in Hongkong—has all but failed. A double change was introduced in the Central School by the orders of Sir R. G. MacDonnell: the School, which had hitherto been exclusively for Chinese boys, was thrown open for boys of all nationalities (a very reasonable measure), and science classes, including experimental chemistry, were ordered (for boys who did not understand English enough to follow an ordinary English conversation). Dr. Stewart, naturally, did not expect good results from the latter measure.\n\n## 1867\nThe educational statistics of Protestant and Catholic Mission Schools for the year 1867 are missing. But it is recorded elsewhere, by a Catholic author, that 'the Schools under the direction of Protestant Missionaries (in the year 1867) were prospering, with the exception of St. Paul's College, which came to grief for having lost its funds (by the failure of Dent & Co.). The Catholic Schools appear to have continued their progressive development in the year 1867, as is evidenced, so far as St. Saviour's College is concerned, by the favourable comments made by Sir R. G. MacDonnell on the occasion of prize-giving day (23rd December, 1867).\n\nIn his report on the Government Schools for 1867, Dr. Stewart recorded 198 scholars in average attendance at Central School and 310 scholars in the twelve outside Schools, which constitutes a further decrease on the results of the previous year. Dr. Stewart himself regrets that he cannot report much progress as to the Village Schools, despairs also of training proper Masters for those Schools without a separate training department (a measure still needed), and deplores the large proportion of children (10,800) remaining uneducated in Hongkong out of 19,349 under 10 years of age, but he notes an increasing interest now felt (by the Chinese) in female education,' and reports on the whole favourably on the Central School regarding which he speaks of an increasingly apparent popularity.\n\n## 1868\nSt. Paul's College, having been temporarily closed in 1867, was re-opened by Bishop Alford, in the year 1868, as a School for European boys only, 20 of whom were placed under the tuition of the Rev. J. Kyle. The expenses of the School, amounting to $3,343, were met partly by the Church Missionary Society, which provided the salary of the tutor and partly by an advance of $1,203 which the Bishop made out of the Diocesan fund. The Diocesan School, under the charge of Miss Oxlad (whose salary was provided by the Female Education Society for the purpose of the Baxter Schools) had 12 girls as boarders at a cost of $1,700. Miss Oxlad re-opened this year a Baxter Vernacular Girls Day School, with 14 girls under 2 Chinese teachers, the expenses ($384) being provided by the late Miss Baxter's family. The London Mission now added to its two Boys Schools at Taipingshan and Wantsai (with 72 boys, costing $500) a Girls School with 13 children under the tuition of Mrs. Amui (in Aberdeen Street). In the Berlin Foundling House 21 girls were under the tuition of Miss Süss and a Chinese teacher. The Boarding School of Miss Magrath, which, though not recorded for several years past, had all along been at work without interruption, was, in 1868, attended by 15 girls and 3 boys, at a cost of $750...",
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        "content_text": "# MATERIALS FOR A HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN HONGKONG.\n\ncontinued at the beginning of the following year, when Miss Magrath returned to England, after many years' self-denying labours for the good of Eurasian orphans and Chinese children.\n\nThe Roman Catholic College of St. Saviour, with a staff consisting of Messrs. T. Terry, V. Pereira, M. Baptista, Rev. J. Mao and 3 Chinese teachers, was attended, in the year 1868, by 140 boys, at a cost of $2,124. The Seminary in Pottinger Street, now under the direction of Father J. Burghignoli (who ever since was Bishop Raimondi's right hand in the direction of local Catholic Schools) and Mr. Jehoshaphat Lee, had 9 students under instruction, costing $600. At the Sookonpoo Seminary (now called Caroline Hill School), 16 students were under the tuition of Pere Moursau. The Reformatory at West Point, now under the direction of Father Burghignoli, had 51 boys in industrial training under 5 Chinese Masters, at a cost of $1,800. This institution, as willing to receive any destitute and neglected juveniles sent to them by the Government, received now a grant (not for educational purposes) from the Government, paid at the rate of $2 for each boy sent, for a number not exceeding 20. The Propaganda Society continued its Spring Gardens School with 43 boys at a cost of $120. The Italian Convent Schools were continued as formerly with an aggregate of 230 girls under instruction (names of teachers henceforth not recorded), costing $3,729. The Italian Sisters continued likewise their Spring Gardens Girls School with 21 girls under Sister Cham at a cost of $120. The Sisters of the Asile de la St. Enfance had 6 boys and 76 girls under instruction in the Convent, and further at Saiwan 2 boys and 51 girls under the charge of Sister M. Lucien.\n\nAs regards the Government Schools, Dr. Stewart records, in his report for 1868, 201 scholars in average attendance at the Central School and 360 at outside Schools, which, making allowance for the increased number of Schools, means really no increase in the attendance all round. He gives the number of children of school-going age (8 to 16 years) as 13,200. Estimating the number of children attending Schools of all denominations in 1868 as amounting to 2,563, he calculates 10,697 children of school-going age to have remained uneducated. Instead of complaining now of the educational indifference of Chinese parents, Dr. Stewart records his discovery that 'the Chinese like to have a schoolmaster of their own choice,' which indicates a keen interest in education. Nevertheless, Dr. Stewart reiterates his conviction that nothing short of compulsion will remedy the evil. The greater portion of his report is taken up with a defence of the secular system which had been assailed by Bishop Alford (2nd February, 1869) as a godless one. 'The Government of this Colony,' Dr. Stewart says, 'is not wedded to secular education as such. It simply accepts the situation in which it finds itself and tries to make the best of it.' He then endeavours to show that during the reign of religious education (1862 to 1865), since his arrival in the Colony, he found hypocrisy connected with the teaching of the Bible, and Christian Masters who were lazy, deceitful and incompetent teachers, and alleges that he was told that the Chinese would not accept even free education of which Christianity formed a part.' Having thus justified the change he made in adopting the secular system, he goes on to show that because the education is secular, it is not therefore immoral; because in the Village Schools it is Confucianism, pure and simple, neither is it immoral.'\n\n## 1869\n\nIn his report, contributed to the Blue Book for 1869, Bishop Alford remarks, 'St. Paul's College has been absorbed into the Diocesan Orphanage during the year and the College is now temporarily closed.' The Diocesan School was re-organized or resuscitated at the beginning of the year by placing Mr. and Mrs. Arthur in charge of 12 boys and 9 girls collected in that institution, the expenses amounting to $1,540. Miss Rickomartz (in the absence of Miss Oxlad) conducted the Baxter Vernacular Chinese Day School (number of scholars not recorded) with the assistance of a Chinese teacher at a cost of $150. The London Mission had 40 Chinese boys under tuition at Taipingshan, costing $240, also 28 boys at Wantsui, costing $144, and 6 girls in the Union Church Girls School under Mrs. Kwan Amni, at a cost of $84. At the Berlin Foundling House 16 girls were under the tuition of Miss Süss and Pastor Klitzke. No other Protestant Mission School appears to have been in existence during this year.\n\nIn view of the continuous variations to which Protestant educational efforts have apparently been subject in Hongkong during this period, the comparatively steady continuance of the Roman Catholic Schools becomes very striking. St. Saviour's College, attended by 130 boys, under the tuition of Messrs. T. Terry, V. Pereira, M. Baptista, Sam Matcho, P. Montalbetti, Chan Tat-chi and Father Mourn, cost $2,088. At the public prize-giving of this College (22nd March, 1869) the Governor, Sir R. G. MacDonnell, stated that although there was no more strenuous supporter of the Protestant Church than himself, still he must confess that in this Colony the efforts of the Roman Catholic brethren far outstripped, and were in excess of, all other denominations.' This remarkable statement, though perhaps just and correct then with regard to the few preceding years, did not apply, as this sketch will have shown, to the earlier periods of our educational history, nor could it now be applied to any period subsequent to the revision of the Grant-in-Aid Scheme (1879).\n\nThe Seminary of the Propaganda Society, now under the tuition of Father Longo, counted 9 students and cost $601. The Ecclesiastical School of the Missions des Etrangères, at Sookonpoo, was attended by 10 students under Pere Ch. Mouroux.\n\nAt the Industrial Schools of the Westpoint Reformatory, under the direction of Father Burghignoli, 56 boys were under the tuition of four Masters, at a cost of $1,800. The Government assisted this Institution now by a grant of $60 a month. The Propaganda Society had 36 Chinese boys under the instruction of Mr. J. Leang at Spring Gardens, at a cost of $120. At the Italian Convent 250 girls, in three divisions (English, Portuguese and Chinese), received the usual instruction under the general superintendence of Sister Maria Stella, the expenses amounting to $3,120. The Sisters of the Italian Convent continued also their Spring Gardens Girls School with 24 children at a cost of $120. The French Sisters of the Asile de la St. Enfance had, at the Convent, 80 girls and 15 boys under instruction, and under the direction of Sister St. Lucien there were further 32 girls under instruction at Sa-cuon (expenses not recorded).\n\nAs to the Government Schools, there was, during the year 1869, at the Central School an average attendance of 218 boys receiving an Anglo-Chinese education which cost the Government $23.33 per scholar, and at the 18 Village Schools there were 422 scholars receiving a purely Chinese education at a cost of $5.12 per head. The subjects of geometry and chemistry had been added to the ordinary branches of an elementary English School and the Laboratory was reported to be in full working order at last. There was evidence of a greater interest being now taken in the Central School by the Chinese mercantile community, and translation from English into Chinese and vice versa was recognized as the permanent groundwork of the instruction to be given in this School. Another sound principle Dr. Stewart now also gave prominence to, viz. that it is indispensable for every boy at the Central School (European and Indian boys not excepted) to learn Chinese. As to the Village Schools, Dr. Stewart's report is confined to the remark that the system... \n\n36 \n37 \n387",
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        "title": "CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "## MATERIALS FOR A HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN HONGKONG.\n\nThe system of Grants-in-Aid in these Schools is slowly advancing. The future proved that this observation was based on a delusion, as Dr. Stewart himself was not slow in finding fault.\n\n1870. The ebb-tide of the Protestant educational movement of the Colony continued throughout the year 1870, and indeed for nearly two years after. There were 20 boys and 9 girls under tuition at the Diocesan Home and Orphanage under the charge of Mr. and Mrs. Arthur, the expenses of the institution amounting to $3,750. In forwarding to the Government the statistics of this School, Bishop Alford added the curious remark that previous to the absorption of the pupils of St. Paul's College, this School was called the Diocesan Female School. Miss Riekomartz continued to teach 15 Chinese girls in the Baxter Vernacular Day School, which cost the Baxter family $450. The London Mission, having closed their Girls School, continued their two Chinese Boys Schools, attended by 25 boys in Taipingshan and 35 boys in Wautsai. At the Berlin Foundling House, Miss Siss had 24 Chinese girls under her tuition.\n\nAmong the Roman Catholic Schools of the year 1870, St. Saviour's College continues in the front rank. There were 114 boys under the tuition of Messrs. T. Terry, V. Pereira, P. Senna, Sam Mat-chi, Chuu Fat-chi, and Father T. Mourn, and cost the Propaganda Society $2,112. At the Reformatory, under the direction of Father Burghignoli, 56 boys received an industrial education at the cost of $1,860. The two Seminaries also continued in working order. At the Propaganda Institution there were 12 students under the tuition of Father Hugo costing $660, whilst 16 students were under Père Lauesigne at the French Institution on Caroline Hill (Sookonpoo). The Propaganda Society's Chinese School at Spring Gardens, under Mr. T. Leang, was attended by 87 Chinese boys, costing $144. The Sisters of the Italian Convent had 120 girls under tuition in their three Schools (English, Portuguese and Chinese) in Caine Road, costing $3,600, and in their Spring Gardens School they had 20 Chinese girls, costing $120. The Sisters of the Asile de la St. Enfance continued their two Schools, one under Sister S. Mary who gave instruction to 10 boys and 82 girls, whilst in the other School Sister Marie Theresa taught 4 boys and 61 girls.\n\nThe Government Schools increased very considerably during the year 1870. At the Central School there were only 225 scholars in average attendance, costing the Government $31.24 (or $26.19 per enrolment) for each scholar, but at the Village Schools (now 23 in number) there were 548 scholars in average attendance, costing the Government $3.81 per scholar. Another notable mark of progress is found in the fact that 11 girls were included among the scholars of the outside Schools. At the Central School the elements of music were taught during the year 1870 as an experiment which, unfortunately, was not continued in subsequent years. Dr. Stewart reports favourably on the English department of the Central School, but states with reference to his management of the Chinese department that \"a good deal of latent opposition has to be encountered in the teaching of Chinese in the School,\" a complaint which naturally has perpetuated itself to the present day and must continue so long as Chinese is not taught according to Chinese principles. At the same time Dr. Stewart has now discovered one good trait in the Chinese character: the extreme docility of Chinese boys, which makes 'a school of Chinese boys a disciplinarian's paradise.' As to the Village Schools, Dr. Stewart already finds now that his hopes as to the applicability of the Grant-in-Aid system to Village Schools are a long way from their realization and that \"the villagers use the system to plunder the Government and to squeeze the Masters.\" In the same Report, Dr. Stewart makes a suggestion which unfortunately has never been adopted though often since urged upon the Government. He stated that, in spite of the facilities offered by the Roman Catholic Schools, \"the greatest educational want in Hongkong is that of a School or Schools for European and American children,\" (a want still unsupplied in 1891), and that \"the Government might fairly charge itself with providing the expenses of the site and the building, whereupon the fees would go far to make the School self-supporting.\"\n\n1871.\n\nFinally, there were 20 Chinese girls under the tuition of Miss Siss at the Berlin Foundling House. But these were all the Protestant Schools of Hongkong.\n\nWith the year 1871 the Protestant Schools reached at last the nadir of their decline, after the passing of which they rapidly increased and soon outstripped both the Catholic and the Government Schools. The census of 5th May, 1871, proved the existence in the Colony of 74 Schools with 2,706 scholars, of whom 245 were of British or Foreign extraction (149 boys and 96 girls), the remaining 2,461 scholars being Chinese (2,091 boys and 380 girls). The subjoined statistics, compared with the census returns, will further show that there were in 1871 at work in Hongkong 31 private Chinese Schools with 684 scholars (650 boys and 34 girls), 26 Government Schools with 1,293 scholars (1,201 boys and 92 girls), 13 Roman Catholic Schools with 612 scholars (293 boys and 319 girls), and 4 Protestant Schools with 117 scholars (56 boys and 61 girls).\n\nAs to Protestant Schools, there was in the first instance the Diocesan School, now (as ever since) under the management of a Committee of which the Bishop (and in his absence the Colonial Chaplain) was chairman. There were 18 boys and 11 girls under the tuition of Mr. and Mrs. W. M. B. Arthur and a Chinese teacher, the expenses being $4,000. There were further the two London Mission Schools at Taipingshan (the best permanent of all Protestant Schools, for they exist to the present day ever since 1868, forming thus quite an exception to the rule), with an aggregate of 68 Chinese boys and costing $500. And there were finally 20 Chinese girls under the tuition of Miss Siss at the Berlin Foundling House.\n\nAt St. Saviour's College, the R. C. Propaganda Society had 142 scholars, under the tuition of Messrs. J. Terry, V. Pereira, M. Baptista, R. Pinto, Chun Tat-chi, and Sam Mat-chi, at a cost of $2,301.\n\nAt the Italian Convent 60 European and 110 Chinese girls were under instruction in the usual three divisions (English, Portuguese and Chinese). The cost is not stated. But there must have been at this time some dissatisfaction felt among the Portuguese community as regards the methods of both St. Saviour's College and the Italian Convent, as four separate private Schools, designed for Portuguese children, were started at the beginning of the year 1871. Mr. T. Crosby opened, in Pullinger Street, an English School for Portuguese attended by 16 boys, at a cost of $840. Mr. J. M. da Silva e Souza conducted an English and Portuguese School attended by 20 boys. Mrs. Ferraz, in a separate Portuguese Girls School, had 13 girls, and Mrs. Baramta had, in another School, 14 girls under instruction. At the Westpoint Reformatory, under the direction of Father Burghignoli, 54 boys received an industrial education at a cost of $2,400. The French Mission removed their Ecclesiastical School from Sookoonpoo to Canton, but the Propaganda Society continued their Seminary at Pottinger Street, where 11 students were under the instruction of Father Longo. The same Society continued also its Chinese School at Spring Gardens, under Mr. T. Leang, attended by 38 boys. In the same neighbourhood the Italian Sisters continued their Girls School where Sister Matilda had 20 girls under instruction. At the Asile de la St. Enfance 12 boys and 78 girls were under the tuition of Sister S. Mary, but the other School of the French Sisters appears to have been closed.",
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        "content_text": "# MATERIALS FOR A HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN HONGKONG.\n\nThe Government Schools increased, during the year 1871, in number but not in attendances. At the Central School 234 boys, costing $20.19 per head, were in average attendance, whilst 25 Village Schools (which term, in Dr. Stewart's time, always included also the Schools in town outside Central School) had only 259 scholars, costing $3.84, in average attendance. Accordingly Dr. Stewart urges once more the introduction of a compulsory education law. For the Central School, moreover, he asked for an entirely new building, but it took nearly 20 years before this reasonable wish was fulfilled. Nearly all the nationalities in the Colony were by this time represented in the Central School which, small as it then was, constituted a perfect model of an Anglo-Chinese School in its organization, methods, and discipline. Mathematical drawing had been added in this year to the extra subjects of the School.\n\n## 1872\nAs regards the Protestant Schools, there was, in the year 1872, a slight sign of reviving educational energy, as a School (which has endured to the present day) was started by a new agency. The Basel Mission, in the person of the Rev. J. O. Loercher, established an admirably organized School, at a cost of $1200 only, with 62 Hakka girls under 3 Chinese teachers (50 of the girls being boarders). The Diocesan School under Mr. and Mrs. Arthur continued its work with 16 boys and 1 girl (all boarders), at a cost of $4500. The London Mission had 30 Chinese boys under instruction at Taipingshan and 40 Chinese boys at Wanchai. Each of these two Schools cost $806. At the Berlin Mission, Miss F. Schroeder, with the assistance of a Chinese teacher, had 18 Chinese girls under instruction. The first Sunday School, on record, was opened at Union Church by Dr. Legge, where 18 boys and 20 girls, all non-Chinese and mostly English, received weekly instruction.\n\nAmong the Roman Catholic Schools, St. Saviour's College maintained its ground with an improved staff (Messrs. J. Terry, J. Hanlon, J. M. S. Souza, J. Baptists, R. Pinto, Sam Mat-chi, J. McDonald, and Chun Tar-nhi), there being 146 boys under instruction at a cost of $3,660. The Industrial Schools of the Westpoint Reformatory, under the direction of Father Burghignoli, were attended by 55 boys and cost $3,000. Three private Portuguese Schools were continued during this year, Mr. M. Callado having 20 boys under instruction, Mrs. J. Ferraz 10 girls, and Mrs. M. Remedios also 10 girls. At the Italian Convent, there were Infant Schools in operation of which there are, however, no statistics available. In the three Girls' Schools, the Italian Sisters had 175 girls under instruction and, moreover, they now added a Boys School attended by 25 boys (under 10 years). At Spring Gardens, the Italian Sisters continued their Girls School with 20 girls under the tuition of Sister Matilda. In the same neighbourhood, the Propaganda Society continued their Boys School, now under Mr. Wan Fong, with 38 boys. The foregoing two Schools cost $840. The Pottinger Street Seminary, under Father Longe, was attended by 9 students, costing $180. No School of the French sisters is recorded as in operation during this year.\n\nThe Government Schools, now 30 in number, enjoyed at last a somewhat increased attendance. At the Central School 281 boys, costing $22.06 per head, and, at the 29 outside Schools, as many as 674 scholars, costing $13.1 per head, were in average attendance. The total enrolment amounted to 1180 scholars. As regards the working of the Grant-in-Aid system, Dr. Stewart's illusion was now dispelled, as he says in his report, 'the giving of Grants-in-Aid to certain Schools, which at first gave promise of much good, is not proving so beneficial a measure as was anticipated.' As regards the Central School, Dr. Stewart was by this time so satisfied with its working and with the appreciation it met with on the part of the public, that he indulged in the over-sanguine expectation that if a new building and additional masters were obtained, the Central School might be made to supply all the educational wants of the Colony. The fact that, in 1872, as many as 88 boys of non-Chinese nationalities attended the Central School may have originated this illusion, which present experience has entirely dispelled.\n\nDr. Stewart's assertion, that the Central School might be made to supply all the educational wants of the Colony, was directly intended as an official contradiction of the views then entertained by a considerable section of the community, who, sharing the views formerly expressed by Mr. Shortrede in 1855, disliked sending their sons to an institution like the Central School where, among a promiscuous mixture of nationalities, the Chinese vastly predominated. The feeling at the bottom of this movement was prompted by a national bias and manifested itself in a decided objection to school associations with Chinese in particular, but it was a feeling very natural in a British Colony and one that will never be satisfied until this Colony obtains at last the boon, at the present day still unfulfilled, viz. a Public School for European children of both sexes. On 29th April, 1872, the Hon. Ph. Ryrie stated in Legislative Council that the Community felt the need of a School for the education of middle-class Europeans. The Governor, desirous probably of testing the public character of Mr. Ryrie's motion, at once suggested that a public meeting should be convened to discuss the question. When that meeting was held (26th June, 1872), it appeared that a majority of the public did recognize the need for a School such as Mr. Ryrie desired, but wished it to be a secular School. Accordingly, a Committee (Messrs. E. R. Belilios, F. Stewart, J. Greig, Captain Sands, Mudy, Rozario, and Ph. Ryrie) was appointed, from which every missionary and clergyman interested in the proposed School was carefully excluded. This Committee was instructed to collect statistics as to the probable support the School would receive from the public, to ascertain if St. Paul's College might be utilized for the purpose, and to report to the Governor stating what initial help, if any, would be necessary from the Government.\n\n## 41\n\nThis attempt to turn the very School (St. Paul's College) which for so many years had formed the centre of religious education, even for the Government Schools of the Colony, into a secular School, with the open approval of the head of the Government, is a characteristic evidence of the change which had come over the Colony. The attempt proved, however, futile, and Mr. Ryrie's whole scheme miscarried. The only tangible result of this movement was the formation of a private venture School, called Victoria English School, taught by Mr. and Mrs. Hanlon, which was for several years under the nominal management of Mr. Ryrie (as a Grant-in-Aid School) and then came under Roman Catholic management, which has preserved the School to the present day as a Roman Catholic Mission School. Such is the irony of fate; the only secular School, ever established by the Hongkong public, maintained its existence only by becoming a denominational School. As to the Chinese community, the former pupils of St. Paul's College held, a few days before that secular public assembly, a meeting of their own at which they expressed their view of the situation by resolving to erect a monument in memory of the late Bishop Smith.\n\n## 1873\nThe year 1873 forms an important turning point in the history of local education, as it witnessed the introduction of the Grant-in-Aid Scheme. Just when the secular party had attained the zenith of their power in Hongkong, thought even of turning St. Paul's College into a non-religious institution, and launched an imitation of Forster's Grant-in-Aid Act (1870) expressly intended to bring the Mission Schools of Hongkong under the same secular bondage as the Government Schools, it so happened that the upholders of the secular system...",
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        "title": "CO129-258 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1893 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "III Aberdeen:\n\nA Description of School. Few parents become eager to attend.\n\nBoys Girls Boys Girls\n\n  \n    38\n    Public School, Church Mission\n    120\n    125\n    12\n    2\n  \n\nPlaces Description of Schools become Scholars in Boat children in Public Private.\n\n  \n    \n    Boys\n    Girls\n    Boys\n    Girls\n  \n  \n    1 Shankuvan\n    468\n    252\n    75\n    119\n  \n  \n    2 Hunghom\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    3 Yaumati\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    4 Mongkoktsui\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    5 Jakokbui\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    6 Aprchan\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    7 Aberdeen:\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Totals Schools 38\n    330\n    175\n    66\n    54\n  \n  \n    \n    408\n    201\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    442\n    \n    29\n    22\n  \n  \n    \n    125\n    108\n    79\n    110\n  \n  \n    \n    90\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    25\n    12\n    \n    \n  \n\nScholars 1115 Boat Children 470\n\n(signed) E. J. Eitel.\n\n22th March, 1893.\n\nEnclosure 515\n\nMemo. Reformatory Schools Ord. No 19 of 1886.\n\nBy C.S.P. 988 of 22 December 15, a piece of crown land at Westpoint was granted for the purposes of Reformatory.\n\nBishop Raimondi holds this ground under an ordinary charitable lease, dated the 24 of March 1865, being under no further restrictions except to use the ground \"for the charitable purposes of Reformatory\".\n\nIt is understood the term \"Reformatory\" is to signify an institution for the education and reformation of destitute children.",
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        "document_key": "CO129-258 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1893 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 519,
        "title": "CO129-258 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1893 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "preferring the limit of 14 years, ready to make some concession if required.\n\n12.\n\nBut, collaterally, another condition is now mentioned by Bishop Raimondi. He applied lately for a Building grant of $1500 under the provisions of the Grant-in-Aid Code, for the purposes of extending the premises of St. Joseph's College so as to admit of the Portuguese inmates of the Reformatory school being transferred to St. Joseph's College in its enlarged state and to relieve the congestion of the Reformatory.\n\nAs this is necessary in order to enable the Reformatory to receive juvenile offenders, Bishop Raimondi now mentions a Building Grant as an additional condition.\n\n13.\n\nVirtually, therefore, the conditions under which the R. C. Reformatory at Westpoint can be brought under the provisions of the Reformatory school's Ordinance (19 of 1886) are now three, viz.:\n\n1. that a Building Grant of $1500 be made for the enlarging of St. Joseph's College, under the provisions of the Grant-in-Aid Scheme;\n\n2. that a wall, over 200 feet long and about 10 feet high, be constructed to enclose a portion of the Roman Catholic Reformatory premises;\n\n3. that juvenile offenders, to be sent to the Roman Catholic Reformatory, should not be over 14 years of age.\n\nIt is proposed to add the following provision: (a) that the capitation grant formerly offered by the Government for the maintenance of...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-258 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1893 [1-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 374195,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-295 - Public Offices - 1899",
        "page_number": 268,
        "title": "CO129-295 - Public Offices - 1899",
        "content_text": "Hong Kong newly territory.\n\nAve the\n\n2. Jam an\n\nthe save time to\n\ncurlose\n\nthe lack\n\nbefore the marquis\n\ndecipher\n\nof fabbing, a di\n\nof a telepoint from\n\na\n\nthe Co. of Hongkong\n\n1\n\non the same\n\nsulgent.\n\n3. The question\n\nof allaing\n\nChuvere\n\nCustomer harves\n\nofficers phathin fay\n\n+ No 7340 S\n\ninite Uocume\n\nCruisers t\n\nthe limitog\n\nremain\n\nChin\n\npermitting t\n\nbaisus\n\nA\n\nlandso\n\nor waters of the\n\n266\n\npart of the long,\n\nmichuting the leaved\n\ntemtory, her ahead\n\nreceived the work\n\ncareful\n\nconsiduction;\n\nand in the letter\n\nfove the 7.0.of the\n\nキ\n\n60 a Dear Card + Lond\n\n10\n\nSaboling capasse\n\nhis concurreme mi\n\nho. Chamberlain's\n\nopinion that to Sir R. Hart's proposals\n\non\n\nthe subject\n\nLe\n\nare inadmiss. The\n\nhighly undeniable\n\n4. Mappears\n\n‡ No",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-295 - Public Offices - 1899.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 456951,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 267,
        "title": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "31.8.2.1915.\n\nCopie\n\nO\n\n6329\n\n6 FEB 15\n\n262\n\nLe Ministre de Suisse présente ses compliments à Son Excellence le Secrétaire d'Etat pour les Affaires Étrangères et, sur l'ordre de son Gouvernement, a l'honneur de Lui exposer ce qui suit:\n\nLa Société évangélique des Missions de Bâle possède à Hong-Kong diverses propriétés qui, selon une lettre de N. Conrad Bitzer, Trésorier-Général de ladite Mission à Hong-Kong, du 16 novembre dernier, auraient été placées sous séquestre. L'administration des immeubles aurait été confiée à un liquidateur désigné par le Gouvernement local. Ce liquidateur louerait pour le compte de la mission les maisons d'habitation devenues vacantes à la suite de l'expulsion de leurs hôtes de nationalité allemande.\n\nLes propriétés dont il s'agit comprennent:\n\n1.) le lieu dit \"Testpoint\", composé d'une chapelle, d'un bâtiment de manutention, d'une école et maison d'habitation pour les ouailles de la mission;\n\n2.) le lieu dit \"Basilea\", grand bâtiment comprenant...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 485301,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920",
        "page_number": 243,
        "title": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920",
        "content_text": "HONG KONG\n\n2370\n\n2370 THES\n\nREL. 14 JAN 201...\n\n234\n\nForeign Office\n\n1920\n\n13 Jan\n\nLast previous Paper.\n\n22 Jan\n\n...\n\nAngel 22 January 1920.\n\nCoppeals for 36 cours.\n\nPr. and 25 May\n\nEffects of M. G. Sikemeier.\n\nAds. copy note from Swiss Ch. d'aff, asking\n\nthat the effects placed in the care of the Mission Bälvise\n\nbe filed to Jantzerland\n\nat Westpoint May\n\nMr Botsitt\n\nCopy\n\nZa Dus LJ By\n\n...\n\nbove for obsons. LI.\n\nAud\n\n16\n\nto purposed. They\n\nthe hands of\n\n·mply\n\nGet 147.\n\nSundbally\n\nBuss\n\nWhat riply\n\nad\n\nthe Carlosion of Frenzy Pefferty –\n\nApr 146/20\n\nShould\n\nwe not\n\nadd\n\nthat\n\nenvidame\n\nthat these articles\n\n1\n\nif there is satisfacting\n\nare the property of\n\nM. Schemein they can be released?\n\n\"Eco His.\n\n10/1/20\n\n174420\n\ncust\n\nNext subsequent Paper.\n\n-4726 mp\n\n(28049-4 h) Wt. 28689-35 50,000 11/19, H. St. G. 123) +1.\n\n19/1/20\n\nat once",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 485303,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920",
        "page_number": 245,
        "title": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920",
        "content_text": "opie \n\n168633) \n\nVI.65/1919. \n\nREC \n\nC O \n\n2370 \n\nREN 14 JAN 20 \n\n236 \n\nLe Chargé d'Affaires de Suisse présente ses compliments à Monsieur le Comte Curzon de Kedleston et, d'ordre de son Gouvernement, a l'honneur de recourir aux extrêmes bons offices de Sa Seigneurie à l'occasion du cas suivant;\n\nUn citoyen suisse, originaire de Bâle-Ville, M. Guillaume Sikemeier, précédemment professeur en Chine, quitta ce pays en janvier 1914 en confiant ses effets à la Mission Baloise à Westpoint, Hongkong. Les dits effets, renfermés dans des caisses, furent réduits dans les magasins du bureau de la Caisse Générale de la Mission, dans la partie qui se trouve proche de la Chapelle des chrétiens Hakka.\n\nDepuis lors, M. Sikemeier, actuellement professeur d'enseignement secondaire à Bâle, est resté sans nouvelles de ses effets et ignore ce qu'ils sont devenus.\n\nDans ces conditions, M. Isler serait très obligé au Comte Curzon de Kedleston si, par Sa gracieuse entremise, il parvenait à obtenir des renseignements sur le sort des effets de M. Sikemeier; un inventaire de ces biens est joint à la présente note. M. Isler serait en outre vivement reconnaissant s'il était possible à Sa Seigneurie",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 485304,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920",
        "page_number": 246,
        "title": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920",
        "content_text": "237\n\nSeigneurie de recommander, par la même occasion, les biens du citoyen suisse dont il s'agit à la protection des Autorités Britanniques de Westpoint, afin que celles-ci consentent à en faciliter\n\nl'expédition en Suisse.\n\nAnnexe: 1 inventaire\n\ndes effets de M. Sikemeier.\n\nLÉGATION DE SUISSE\n\nle 6 janvier 1920.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    }
]