[ { "id": 234764, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-046 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Bowring - 1854 [5-19／8]", "page_number": 176, "title": "CO129-046 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Bowring - 1854 [5-19／8]", "content_text": "63\n\nNo. V-STATEMENT of TONNAGE DUES, IMPORT and EXPORT DUTIES, paid by British VESSELS in the PORT OF SHANGHAE, from 1st January to 31st December, 1852.\n\n64\n\n \n No.\n VESSELS NAME\n TONNAGE.\n TONNAGE DUES.\n IMPORT AND EXPORT DUTIES.\n TOTAL.\n \n \n \n Brought forward,\n 23,737\n 7,825 8\n 526,416 5 9\n 534,242 3 9 7\n \n \n 671\n Sisters,\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 672\n Panic....\n 449\n 224 1\n 9,200 4\n 9,424 5\n \n \n 573\n Druid.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 590\n Athole,\n 337\n 168 5\n \n \n \n \n 607\n Chebucto,\n 408\n 204\n \n \n \n \n 608\n Eliza, ...\n 443\n 221 5\n 5,853 5 4\n 6,075 1 9\n \n \n 609\n Ruby.\n 21\n 10 5\n \n \n \n \n 610\n Niagara\n 336\n 168\n 957 5 3\n 1,125 5 3\n \n \n 611\n John Bright,\n 591\n 295 5\n 16,885 6 4\n 17,181 1 4\n \n \n 612\n Cathaya,\n 407\n 203 5\n 15,665 9 9\n 15,869 4 9\n \n \n 613\n Sydney....\n 184\n 92\n \n \n \n \n 614\n Mangosteen,\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 615\n India,\n 383\n 191 5\n 2,425 6\n 2,617 1\n \n \n 616\n Pedlar,\n 22\n 11\n \n \n \n \n 617\n Royal Sovereign,\n 159\n 79 5\n 1,398 6\n 1,478 1 2\n \n \n 618\n Spec...\n 105\n 52 5\n \n \n \n \n 619\n Island Queen.\n 195\n 97 5\n 24 6 2\n 122 1 7\n \n \n 620\n Duke of Richmond, ...\n 470\n 235\n \n \n \n \n 621\n Old England....\n 502\n 251\n 15,007 4\n 15,258 4\n \n \n 622\n Geelong,\n 392\n 196\n \n \n \n \n 623\n Katherine Sharer,...\n 512\n 256\n 12,486 9\n 12,742 9\n \n \n 624\n Shanghae, ..\n 412\n 206\n 8,564 6 7\n 8,770 6 7\n \n \n 625\n Audax,\n 150\n 75\n 2,073 7 5\n 2,148 7 5\n \n \n 626\n Celestial\n 438\n 219\n 15,351 3 8\n 15,570 3 8\n \n \n 627\n British Sovereign,...\n 491\n 245 5\n 757 1\n 1,002 6\n \n \n 628\n Arabia,\n 362\n 181\n 7,156\n 7,337\n \n \n 629\n Thomasine,\n 365\n 182 5\n 6,975 5 7\n 7,158\n \n \n 630\n Island Queen,\n 195\n 97 5\n 24 6 2\n 122 1 7\n \n \n 631\n Balmoral,\n 356\n 178\n \n \n \n \n 632\n Voyageur, .....\n 204\n 102\n \n \n \n \n 633\n Sir H. Pottinger.\n 334\n 167\n \n \n \n \n 634\n Duchess of Lancaster,\n 400\n 200\n \n \n \n \n 635\n Challenger,\n 698\n 349\n \n \n \n \n 636\n Equator,\n 235\n 117 5\n \n \n \n \n 637\n Lady Mary Wood,\n 296\n 148\n \n \n \n \n 638\n Viscount Sandon,\n 540\n 270\n \n \n \n \n 639\n Niagara,...\n 336\n 168\n \n \n \n \n 640\n Whampoa....\n 376\n 188\n \n \n \n \n 641\n Helen Lindsay,\n 544\n 272\n \n \n \n \n 642\n Hannibal,\n 576\n 288\n \n \n \n \n 643\n Helen Mary,\n 379\n 189 5\n \n \n \n \n 644\n Marinon,\n 568\n 284\n \n \n \n \n 645\n Bride,\n 172\n 86\n \n \n \n \n 646\n Prince Charlie,\n 433\n 216 5\n \n \n \n \n 647\n Gem,\n 249\n 124 5\n \n \n \n \n 648\n Menam,\n 472\n 236\n \n \n \n \n 649\n Time,\n 94\n 47\n \n \n \n \n 650\n Emigrant.\n 394\n 197\n \n \n \n \n 651\n Cambalu,\n 536\n 268\n \n \n \n \n 652\n Earl of Chester,\n 517\n 258 5\n \n \n \n \n 653\n Lady Mary Wood,\n 296\n 148\n \n \n \n \n 654\n Dewan,\n 118\n 59\n \n \n \n \n 655\n Ann Nelson, ...\n 404\n 202\n 12,173\n 12,375\n \n \n 656\n John Bartlett, ...\n 382\n 191\n \n \n \n \n 657\n John Bunyan,\n 466\n 233\n 5,389\n 5,622\n \n \n 658\n Spec...\n 105\n 52 5\n \n \n \n \n 659\n Crisis,\n 426\n 213\n 16,068 9 7\n 16,281 9 7\n \n \n 660\n Berenice,\n 332\n 166\n \n \n \n \n 661\n Countess of Senfield,\n 450\n 225\n \n \n \n \n 662\n Audax,\n 150\n 75\n \n \n \n \n 663\n Frances Barclay,\n 240\n 120\n 125\n 245\n \n \n 664\n Inchinnan,...\n 565\n 282 5\n \n \n \n \n 665\n Kitty,\n 200\n 100\n \n \n \n \n 666\n Lady Mary Wood,\n 296\n 148\n \n \n \n \n 667\n William Stewart, ...\n 576\n 288\n \n \n \n \n 668\n Ararat,\n 299\n 149 5\n \n \n \n \n 669\n Mohawk,\n 442\n 221\n \n \n \n \n 670\n ...\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 673\n Spec,\n 105\n 52 5\n \n \n \n \n 674\n Trident,\n 328\n 164\n 458\n 622\n \n \n 675\n Countess of Derby,\n 328\n 164\n 6,058 7 5\n 6,222 7 5\n \n \n 676\n Clarissa,\n 223\n 111 5\n 370 8 5\n 482 3 5\n \n \n 677\n La Felice,\n 194\n 97\n \n \n \n \n 678\n Time,\n 94\n 47\n \n \n \n \n 679\n Spec.\n 105\n 52 5\n 27\n 79 5\n \n \n 680\n Mehemet Ali,\n 351\n 175 5\n \n \n \n \n 681\n Afghan,\n 675\n 337 5\n 19,047\n 19,384 5\n \n \n 682\n Lady Mary Wood,\n 296\n 148\n \n \n \n \n 683\n John Knox....\n 296\n 148\n 13,796\n 13,944\n \n \n 684\n Sea Witch,\n 336\n 168\n 13,902 9\n 14,070 9\n \n \n 685\n Abergeldie, .......\n 600\n 300\n 18,286 7\n 18,586 7\n \n \n 686\n Menzies, ...\n 448\n 224\n 13\n 237\n \n \n 687\n Success,\n 331\n 165 5\n 6,500\n 6,665 5\n \n \n 688\n Aurora,\n 386\n 193\n 5,844 6 8\n 6,037 6 8\n \n \n 689\n Duilius,\n 328\n 164\n 5,095 3 7\n 5,259 3 7\n \n \n 690\n Mencius, ...\n 510\n 255\n \n \n \n \n 691\n Time, ...\n 96\n 48\n \n \n \n \n 692\n Rosamond,\n 365\n 182 5\n \n \n \n \n 693\n Lockett,\n 576\n 288\n \n \n \n \n 694\n Acis,\n 114\n 57\n \n \n \n \n 695\n Enterprize,\n 80\n 40\n \n \n \n \n 696\n Sea Queen,\n 413\n 206 5\n 33\n 239 5\n \n \n 697\n Lady Mary Wood,\n 296\n 148\n \n \n \n \n 698\n Enterprize,\n 80\n 40\n \n \n \n \n 699\n City of Candy,\n 392\n 196\n \n \n \n \n 701\n Cassiterides,\n 414\n 207\n \n \n \n \n 702\n John Dugdale,\n 407\n 203 5\n 77\n 280 5\n \n \n 703\n Lady Mary Wood, ...\n 296\n 148\n \n \n \n \n 704\n Empress,\n 257\n 128 5\n \n \n \n \n 710\n Enterprize,\n 80\n 40\n 1,670 5\n 1,710 5\n \n \n \n Carried forward,\n 23,737\n 7,825 8\n 526,416 5 9\n 534,242 3 9\n \n \n \n \n \n $14,807\n $1,750,715 3 3\n $1,757,466\n \n \n \n Ex. £3,702\n \n £260,664\n £264,366\n \n \n \n \n Carried forward,\n 23,737\n 7,825 8\n 4,987 2\n 1,719\n \n\nPage 65", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-046 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Bowring - 1854 [5-19／8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 272585, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867", "page_number": 143, "title": "CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867", "content_text": "## THE LONDON AND CHINA TELEGRAPH\n\n### ARTICLES OF IMPORT\n\n#### TEA\nThe public sale of last week was larger than any that have been held for many months past, and consisted principally of a good selection of Congous and Scented Teas. The prices obtained for Congous were very irregular, owing to the hesitation of buyers; but, on the whole, they showed a decline on those given at the last sale. There is no alteration of importance in the value of Scented Teas, with the exception of the lower grades of Scented Orange Pekoes, which are rather lower, and all descriptions of Green Tea realised full prices. Some dust sold at the sale at 4d. to 6d., but it was offered \"with all faults.\" Some interest was taken in a few parcels of Japan Greens, of Rifleman, which has just arrived, and a few transactions in them have taken place, and the remainder of this cargo will no doubt be readily disposed of, as there is a good demand for all descriptions of Green Teas. The market price of Common Congou is 11d. per lb. Sound Broken Leaf can be bought at 6½d. per lb., and Tea Dust at about 5½d. per lb.\n\n#### SILK\nSince our last report the Silk market has experienced little or no change, no one buying beyond present requirements. The absence of demand, both at home and abroad, has been almost unprecedented, and prices are mostly nominal. The arrival this week of some of the early shipments of the new China crop has created a slight diversion, about 400 bales finding buyers; the opening price of Tsatlee being 26s. to 30s. In Canton Silk there has been some little business doing at rather easier rates, but the assortment is by no means generally desirable. Japan Silk is quite neglected. The total deliveries show a slight improvement, being 407 bales China, and 234 bales Japan. We can as yet discern no general improvement in the Silk market; the first unloading of new Chinas has naturally attracted some attention, and led to some little business, but there is no disposition on the part of the trade to buy more Silk than is absolutely necessary, and speculation seems out of the question. The opening price for classic No. 3 Tsatlee, 29s., is higher than some people expected, but appears moderate as compared with the quotations we have for some time past been accustomed to. There is a wide margin between chop Silk and medium and inferior descriptions, red Peacock having been sold at 26s. 6d., and good No. 4 at 26s. The estimate of export for the season has been reduced by recent telegrams from China to 40,000 bales, and if the reported failure of the second crop prove true, it is possible that even this figure may not be reached. In Japan Silk there is nothing doing, the best descriptions of Mibash are firmly held, but ordinary and inferior qualities are pressed for sale.\n\n| Description | Price |\n| --- | --- |\n| Taatlee, No. 1 & 2 | 26 0 to 30 0 |\n| No. 3 | 24 0 to 27 0 |\n| Tsenfa and Hainio, No. 1 & 2 | 20 0 to 23 0 |\n| No. 3 | 18 0 to 20 0 |\n| Tarsaam, No. 1 & 2 | 18 0 to 23 0 |\n| No. 3 | 14 0 to 20 0 |\n| Long Reel Skeins | ... |\n| Canton | ... |\n| Japan: Tsinchew & Sinchew, No. 1 & 2 | 17 0 to 23 0 |\n| Ida, Bricks, No. 1 & ... | 21 0 to 26 0 |\n| No. 3 | 27 0 to 30 0 |\n| Soudni, No. 1 & 2 | 21 0 to 26 0 |\n| No. 3 | 21 0 to 26 0 |\n\n#### COTTON\nThe market since our last report has remained extremely quiet, the business having been to some extent restricted by the firmness of holders. The only sale of China reported is of 30 bales fair quality at 6¼d. per lb.\n\n#### SUGAR\nThere has been a fair demand from the trade, but speculators having done but little in the article scarcely any alteration in prices has taken place, and quotations of most descriptions are about the same as on the 8th ult. Foreign refined continues to be offered at prices lower than to allow the English refiners to compete with profitable results, but as the prospects of supply from the cane-growing countries indicate an out-turn by no means equal to our requirements, it is not probable that any material fall in values will take place, unless, indeed, the production of beetroot sugar should be on a larger scale than hitherto. The deliveries in all the sugar-consuming countries are progressing most satisfactorily, showing a decided and steady increase. The last sale of the Dutch Trading Company took place on the 24th ult., and comprised 39,000 baskets, Java; grey and yellow realised the rates current at the May sale, but white sold at 1s. decline. The principal transactions on the spot have comprised 14,000 casks West India; 16,000 bags Mauritius; 8,000 bags Bengal; 14,000 bags Madras; 1,500 bags Penang; 33,000 bags Manila; 1,200 casks Cuba and Porto Rico, and 850 bags Guatemala. The imports of sugar into the United Kingdom during the seven months ending 31st July amounted to 341,758 tons, against 322,277; the deliveries for home consumption were 316,846 tons, against 272,761, and for export and coastwise 5,966 tons, against 18,006. The stock on the 1st August was 189,736 tons, against 221,253 at the same date in 1866.\n\n#### SPICES\nAt the quarterly sales on the 29th ultimo, comprising 1,260 tons, bales Ceylon, good and fine qualities were difficult to sell, and only partly realised at moderate prices; medium quality brought full rates, and the inferior sorts an advance of 1d. to 2d. on the April sales, viz., fourths 1s. 3d. to 1s. 9d., thirds 1s. 10d. to 2s. 1d., seconds 2s. to 2s. 6d., firsts 2s. 6d. to 2s. 9d., and superior 2s. 6d. to 3s. 1d. per lb. Mace continues scarce and firm; 2 cases Penang at auction sold at 1s. 10d. to 1s. 11d. per lb. for medium reddish. Nutmegs are 1¼d. to 2d. per lb. dearer, with increased inquiry; good business done privately; 14 cases Penang and 37 cases Batavia sold at auction at 1s. 2d. to 1s. 9d. per lb. for ordinary small to middling medium. Sapanwood: Steady, and tons Siam at auction realised £12 to £12 15s., also one-third of 35 tons Ceylon offered, realised £10 15s. per ton.\n\n#### COFFEE\nThere has been a good demand, and although supplies have been ample, the values of good current descriptions have been maintained. Fine sorts have shown an advancing tendency, but common and low qualities have sold irregularly and at lower rates. The shipments from Ceylon at the last returns were 714,000 cwts., against 723,000 last season, made up of 545,000 cwts. Plantation and 169,000 cwts. Native, against 510,000 and 213,000, and the quantity now afloat for this country is 18,000 tons, against 18,000 last year. The principal transactions on the spot, with the latest prices paid, have comprised 6,000 casks 2,000 bags Plantation Ceylon, low middling to good bold greens 74s. 6d. to 84s. 6d., low middling to good middling blue 74s. 6d. to 82s., bold 85s. 6d., peaberry 91s. to 95s.; 200 casks 2,500 bags Native Ceylon, fine ordinary bold 64s., good ordinary 59s., small 50s., peaberry 65s. 6d. to 65s.; and 8,000 packages East India - Singapore, ordinary 45s. to 48s., Java 68s. The total deliveries of coffee in Holland from the 1st of January to the 31st of July were 484,694 bags, against 358,307 bags in 1866, and the stock at the end of last month was 525,500 bags, against 580,100 bags.\n\n#### CURRANTS\nIn fair demand, and 2,000 packages good Pegu have realised 37s. to 38s. per cwt.\n\n#### CAMPHOR\nChina and Japan descriptions are firm, with fair private business at £6 15s. to £7 per cwt.\n\n#### GUM BENJAMIN\nThe market is steady, and of 56 cases Siam at auction half sold at £24 to £24 15s. per cwt. For fine third quality, and £11 to £11 15s. for dark. Of 42 cases Sumatra three-fourths sold at £8 2s. 6d. to £8 12s. 6d. per cwt. for false packed second quality.\n\n#### GALLS\nThe transactions have comprised 100 cases China at 6¼s., and a small portion Japan at 5¾s. per cwt.\n\n#### MANILA HEMP\nThe market is now firm, with a moderate business at fully the previous rates, 587 bales having been sold at auction at £49 10s. to £50 5s. per ton for fair current quality.\n\n#### PEPPER\nThere has been a fair inquiry for black privately, and nearly 8,000 bags have been sold, Penang at 2¼d. to 2 15/16d., Singapore 3d. to 5/16d., and Tellicherry at 3¼d. At public sale, 840 bags Penang were all taken at 2¼d.; also 164 bags Singapore White at 5d. to 5¼d., and 100 bags privately at 5d. cash.\n\n#### RICE\nA rise in the Corn market, consequent upon the uncertain weather, has been followed by a movement in this article. Owing, however, to the small stock there has been but little in which to operate on the spot, and in consequence the greater part of the transactions have taken place in floating cargoes or parcels. About 18,000 bags have changed hands on the spot at full to rather higher prices, viz., 10s. 9d. to 12s. 3d. for Soft-grain, and 16s. to 16s. 6d. for white Bengal. Of floating cargoes about forty have changed hands, the latest sales being at 11s. to 11s. 3d. for ...\n\n#### TAPIOCA\nAt auction 136 bags Singapore were chiefly sold, good middling and good white 4¼d. to 5d. per lb.; and 165 bags pearl Tapioca fetched 30s. to 31s. per cwt.\n\n### ARTICLES OF EXPORT\n\n#### IRON\nThe quotations in London are for Welsh bars, £5 15s. to £6; nail rods, £7 10s. to £7 15s.; hoops, £8 10s. to £9; sheets, single, £9 15s. to £10; Staffordshire bars, £7 10s. to £7 15s.; rails, £4 5s.\n\n#### COPPER\nSheet and Sheathing, £79 to £83 per ton; yellow metal, 7d. to 7¼d. per lb.\n\n#### TIN\n£91 for block; £92 for common bars. Tin plates, best charcoal I.C., 30s. to 31s.\n\n#### LEAD, &c.\nEnglish pig, W.B., £21; shot, patent, £23; sheet, £20 15s.; spelter, £20 17s. 6d.; zinc, English sheet, £26 to £26 10s.; quicksilver, £6 17s. 6d.\n\nThe following is from the Circular of Messrs. French and Smith :- \nThere has been no activity in the Metal Market the past month, the increasing abundance and cheapness of money having apparently no influence. Almost all transactions reported have been for immediate consumption or shipment. Iron: Scotch and Welsh are quoted a shade easier; Staffordshire is steady, with a good demand for the East; and as some few of the railways are on the market again for Rails, a firmer tone in this branch of the trade may reasonably be expected. Copper is rather lower than at the beginning of July. The mail on 18th ult., brought advices of charters for about 1,400 tons Copper, 850 tons of which were Bars. That on the 29th ult. brought advices of about 1,800 tons Copper, of which 1,200 were Bars. Sales of Bars have been made at £67 10s. Prices now quoted are: Bars, £84 to £85; Wallaroo, £82 to £83; English Tough Cake, £75 to £76; Chili Bars, £68 to £69. Tin: A large business was done in Tin during July, principally for immediate delivery; and the quantity of Straits taken out of warehouse here is very large. The consumption in England continues great, especially for Tin-Plate manufacturers, whose works were never more fully employed. The price for fine Straits in July was between £86 10s. and £87; it is rather weak Banca is at the latter quotation to-day through some pressing sellers. steady in Holland at 53 guilders; English firm, at quotations. Tin Plates are in very good demand, and, notwithstanding the large production, prices are rather stronger. The shipments in July were 140,000 boxes, against 165,000 boxes same month in 1866. By the Board of Trade returns, the exports, January to June, were 36,690 tons, against 34,750 tons in 1866, and 30,410 in 1855. Lead is more inquired for, although there is no improvement in price. Spelter advanced in the middle of July to £21 5s., at which some small business was done, but has gone back to £20 17s. 6d. The stock on 31st July was 3,627 tons, against 6,808 tons in 1866. Quicksilver unchanged.\n\n### EXPORT OF BULLION TO CHINA, &c.\n\nThe following return shows the shipments of bullion from Southampton from the 1st January by the P. and O. Company's mail steamers.\n\n| Destination | Gold | Silver |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Shanghai | £62,376 | ... |\n| Fo-chow-Foo | £5,090 | ... |\n| Amoy | £36,665 | ... |\n| Hong Kong | £8,140 | £45,018 |\n| Singapore | £600 | £5,281 |\n| Penang | ... | ... |\n| Yokohama | £400 | ... |\n\n### FROM MARSEILLES. (BY THE P. AND O. COMPANY'S STEAMERS.)\n\n#### DEPARTURES-continued\n\n| Date | Ship | Gold | Silver |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| July 31 | Mary Ann | £18,628 (Hong Kong) | £6,575 (Hong Kong) |\n| Aug. 1 | Bonnie Dundee | £4,500 (Manila) | £450 (Manila) |\n| Aug. 2 | Adolfo | £100,000 (Manila) | ... |\n| ... | ... | ... | ... |\n\n### GOLD AND SILVER\n\n| Item | Price (per ounce) |\n| --- | --- |\n| Bar Gold | £3 17 0 |\n| Spanish Doubloon | £3 10 9 |\n| United States Gold Coin | £3 16 4 |\n| Silver in Bars | 5 0 |\n| Mexican Dollars | 0 4 11/16 |\n\n### SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE\n\n#### ARRIVALS\n\n| Ship | Captain | From | At |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Belpore | Foote | Rangoon | Singapore |\n| Helvoetsluis | Rema | Java | Batavia |\n| Prinses Amelia | Moerkerken | Batavia | ... |\n| Agra | Alexander | ... | ... |\n| Ide Gertruida | ... | ... | ... |\n| Martin | ... | ... | ... |\n| Rifleman | Niemann | ... | ... |\n| Margaretha | ... | ... | ... |\n| Cleopatra | ... | Batavia | ... |\n| Gustav | ... | ... | ... |\n| Warrior | McCauley | Bassein | ... |\n| ... | ... | ... | ... |\n\n#### DEPARTURES\n\n| Ship | Captain | For | From | Date |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Charlotte | ... | New York | Foong Kong & Canton | July 25 |\n| Nouveau Nomade | Marchandeau | Singapore | Cardiff | July 24 |\n| Schalde | ... | Shanghai | London | July 27 |\n| Eastern Queen | Halfman | ... | ... | July 27 |\n| Beemah | Wilburn | Japan | Newport | July 27 |\n| Alvington | Wakeham | Shanghai | London | July 28 |\n| Peterborough | Adams | Singapore | Cardiff | July 28 |\n| Bagota | Orchard | Shanghai | London | July 27 |\n| Heather Bell | Jones | Singapore | Liverpool | July 27 |\n| Sea King | Opdahl | Hong Kong | Newcastle | July 31 |\n| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |\n\n#### LOADING\n\nAt LONDON-For Yokohama, St. Dunstan, For Yokohama and Nagasaki Pampero, Broadwater. For Shanghai: Durham, Shakspere, Sir Jamserjee Family. For Hong Kong: Channel Queen, Sophie. For Hong Kong and Canton: The Tweed. Chaa-Sze, Avon, Albert Victor. For Manila: Auroliana. For Singapore and Penang: Queen of Ceylon. For Singapore: Arab Steed. Coldstream. For Batavia and Sourabaya: William Stewart, Couranto. For Penang: Chaturanga. For Colombo: Seafield, Thames, Hesperia, Palestine, Granville. For Colombo and Calcutta Clyde, Peeress, Harkaway. For Galle and Cochin Ann Lucey.\n\nAt LIVERPOOL-For Yokohama: Recife. For Yokohama or Hong Kong: Golden Dream. For Shanghai: Leon Crespo, Alarm. For Singapore: Indian Empire. For Manila: Olano, Feliz. For Batavia and Singapore: Lancastria.\n\nAt GLASGOW-For Yokohama: Runnymede. For Hong Kong: Suomi. For Manila Rosa del Turia, Manuel. For Batavia and Sourabaya: County of Bute. For Colombo: Christian Rankine. Penang Margaret Falconer.\n\n### FREIGHTS AND CHARTERS\n\nFreights to the Eastern ports remain unaltered; coal freights from the Northern outports continue firm.\n\n| Route | Price (weight/meast) |\n| --- | --- |\n| To Yokohama | 20s. to 30s. (weight), 50s. (meast) |\n| To Nagasaki | 50s. (weight or meast) |\n| To Shanghai | 40s. (weight), 45s. (meast) |\n| To Amoy | 40s. (weight or meast) |\n| To Foo-chow-Foo | 45s. (weight or meast) |\n| To Hong Kong | 35s. (weight), 40s. (meast) |\n| To Singapore | 30s. (weight or meast) |\n| To Penang | 40s. (weight or meast) |\n| To Manila | 40s. (weight), 85s. (meast) |\n| To Ceylon | 25s. to 30s. (weight), 35s. (meast) |\n\n### CASUALTIES\n\nThe Aria and Betsy, from Cardiff to Singapore, was spoken 25th June, 8 N., 24 W., with loss of topgallant mast, topmasthead, topsailyard and jibboom.\n\nThe Thos. Blyth, MacGiven, of and from Liverpool to Shanghai, foundered at sea 6th July, in lat. 35 S., lon. 30 W., crew arrived at Pernambuco.\n\nThe Spirit of the Deep, which sailed from Penang for London 25 May, has been totally lost near Acheen Head, crew saved.\n\nThe Minister Pahud, Lipjes, sailed from Batavia for Holland on the 1st Jan., and has not since been heard of.\n\n### MISCELLANEOUS\n\nAt ST. VINCENT, C.V.-June 27, Adeline (S.S.), Findlay, from London, and left, 29, for Japan.\n\nThe Empress, Strarach, from Colombo did not arrive at Deal July 23, as reported.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 272587, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867", "page_number": 145, "title": "CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867", "content_text": "## OVERLAND ROUTE, \n\n### THE LONDON AND CHINA TELEGRAPH.\n\nCOMMUNICATION by STEAM to INDIA, AUSTRALIA, &c., via EGYPT, from SOUTHAMPTON and MARSEILLES. - The PENINSULAR and ORIENTAL STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY BOOK PASSENGERS and RECEIVE CARGO and PARCELS for GIBRALTAR, MALTA, EGYPT, ADEN, CEYLON, MADRAS, CALCUTTA, the STRAITS, CHINA, and JAPAN (YOKOHAMA), by their steamers leaving Southampton on the 4th and 20th of every month. For GIBRALTAR, MALTA, EGYPT, ADEN, and BOMBAY, by those of the 12th and 27th of each month: and for KING GEORGE'S SOUND, MELBOURNE, and SYDNEY, by the steamer leaving Southampton on the 20th of every month. The steamers leave Marseilles on the 5th, 19th, 20th, and 28th of the Month.\n\nFor further particulars apply at the Company's Offices, 12, Leadenhall-street, London, E.C., or Oriental-place, Southampton.\n\n## OVERLAND ROUTE VIA MARSEILLES, \n\n### SERVICES MARITIMES DES MESSAGERIES IMPERIALES.\n\nTRENCH MAIL STEAM PACKETS\n\nThe 19th of every Month at 2 P.M. for - MESSINA, ALEXANDRIA, ADEN, POINT DE GALLE (Ceylon), PONDICHERRY, MADRAS, CALCUTTA, SINGAPORE, BATAVIA, SAIGON, HONG KONG, SHANGHAI, and JAPAN.\n\nThe 9th of every Month for - MESSINA, ALEXANDRIA, ADEN, SEYCHELLES, REUNION, MAURITIUS\n\nFor passage, freight, and information apply to B.W. and J. HORNE, 4, Moorgate-street, London; G. H. FLETCHER and Co., Liverpool; at the offices of the Services Maritimes des Messageries Imperiales in Paris, Lyons, Bordeaux, and Marseilles; or to Sarth and Co., Rotterdam.\n\n* Passengers eastward of Suez securing their berths in London are entitled to the conveyance of their luggage free to Marseilles.\n\n## INDIA AND CHINA VIA ITALY. SHORTEST SEA PASSAGE FROM EUROPE TO EGYPT\n\nBRINDISI to ALEXANDRIA - Contract Passage, 93 hours. It is frequently done in 72 hours.\n\n## NEW OCEAN MAIL ROUTE \n\nto CHINA and JAPAN, via the Isthmus of Panama and San Francisco. THE WEST INDIA AND PACIFIC STEAMSHIP COMPANY (Limited) have made special arrangements with the Panama Railway Company and the Pacific Mail Steamship Company for the conveyance of Passengers, Specie, and Cargo between EUROPE, YOKOHAMA, NAGASAKI, SHANGHAI, and HONG KONG.\n\nThe next departure will be from LIVERPOOL on the 20th August, intending to connect, at San Francisco, with the steamer leaving on the 14th October for Japan and China. The branch steamer to Shanghai calls at Nagasaki on both trips. It is expected that the communication will be monthly after these dates.\n\nThe Pacific Mail Company's steamers on the China station are large paddle-wheel vessels, of upwards of 3,000 tons register. The greatest attention has been given to insure the comfort and convenience of passengers by the vessels of all the connecting companies on this route.\n\nShippers will find this route cheaper and as expeditious as any mail service to the East.\n\nFor rates of Freight and Passage apply to the agents, J. M. Campbell, Havre and Paris; or at the Company's Offices, The Temple, Dale-street, Liverpool, and 117, Leadenhall-street, London, E.C.\n\nARTHUR B. FORWOOD, Managing Director.\n\n## JAPAN AND CHINA, by Mail Steamers throughout\n\nGOODS for YOKOHAMA, Nagasaki, Hong Kong, and Shanghai can be shipped under through bills of lading, via Panama, by the ROYAL MAIL STEAM PACKET COMPANY'S STEAMERS, leaving Southampton on the 2nd of September, 1867.\n\nApply to Royal Mail Steam Packet Company, 55, Moorgate street, London, E.C.\n\nJ. M. LLOYD, Secretary.\n\n## ORIENTAL, AUSTRALIAN, AND GENERAL, STEAM AGENTS AND GLOBE PARCEL EXPRESS.\n\nPARCELS, PACKAGES, and MERCHANDISE forwarded, and PASSAGES engaged to all parts of the world. Baggage collected and shipped, insurances effected, &c.\n\n| Destination | Frequency | Route |\n|--------------------|----------------------------|----------------|\n| CALCUTTA, MADRAS, CEYLON, and ADEN | Overland, 4th and 20th of every month | |\n| BOMBAY and ADEN | Overland, 12th and 27th | |\n| CHINA, JAPAN, SINGAPORE, and EASTERN SEAS | Overland, 4th and 20th | |\n| AUSTRALIA, TASMANIA, and MAURITIUS | Over New Zealand and Australia via PANAMA, 2nd | |\n| INDIA, CHINA, and AUSTRALIA | Via Cape of Good Hope, Clipper Ships, weekly | |\n\nProspectuses, with through rates to a thousand places free on application.\n\nG.W. WHEATLY and Co. (late Waghorn), 150, Leadenhall-street, E.C.\n\n## THE SOCIETÀ ANONIMA ITALIANA di NAVIGAZIONE ADRIATICA ORIENTALE\n\nunder contract to carry the Direct Mails dispatch under their first-class English-built steamers CATRO, BRINDISI, PRINCIPE DI CARIGNANO, or PRINCIPE TOMASO, between BRINDISI and ALEXANDRIA. The vessels of the Company sail as follows: From Brindisi for Alexandria on the 7th, 14th, 22nd, and 30th of each month, at 2 P.M.; Alexandria for Brindisi, on the arrival of the mails, about the 5th, 12th, 20th, and 28th of each month. The arrivals at and departures from Alexandria are in coincidence with those of the steamers of the Peninsular and Oriental Company, with the Calcutta, China, and Bombay Mails.\n\nFares Brindisi to Alexandria, including provisions: 1st class, 275.; 2nd class, 200.; 3rd class, 90., and vice versa.\n\nFor further particulars apply to the Company's offices at FLORENCE, via Montebello, 42; Paris, rue de l'Université, 108; LONDON, Motors. PALMER, 49, Eastcheap, E.C.\n\n## JAPAN AND CHINA NEW MAIL ROUTE \n\nVIA PANAMA AND SAN FRANCISCO.\n\nTHE PACIFIC MAIL STEAM SHIP COMPANY despatch their splendid side-wheel steamers from NEW YORK on the 1st, 11th, and 21st and from PANAMA on the 9th, 19th, and 29th of every month for SAN FRANCISCO, calling at ACAPULCO, MANZANILLO, MAZATLAN, en route thence to YOKOHAMA, NAGASAKI, SHANGHAI, and HONG KONG. Passengers from England may connect with this line at New York by any of the various steamers from Liverpool, Southampton, or Falmouth, to that port, or at Panama by the steamers of the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company leaving Southampton on the 2nd and 17th of every month. Passengers by this route are less than ten days in the tropics.\n\nThe next departures from San Francisco are: - GREAT REPUBLIC, 5,000 tons, September 3rd. - CHINA, 5,000 tons, October 14th. - COLORADO, 4,000 tons, November —.\n\nFor particulars of Freight, through passage rates, &c., apply to H. STARR and Co., General European Agents, 145, Cheapside, London.\n\n* Name changed from \"Celestial Empire.\"\n\n## STEAM to INDIA, via the CAPE\n\nThe UNION STEAM-SHIP COMPANY (Limited) have entered into an arrangement with the Government for the extension of the Packet Service from Mauritius to Ceylon. Passengers can proceed from Southampton on the 8th of every Month to Point de Galle, where a junction is formed with steamers proceeding to India, China, Australia, &c. Rates of freight and passage very moderate.\n\nApply to FALCONER and MERCER, 32, Leadenhall-street, London; or THOMAS MILL, Southampton, and 23, Regent-street, S.W.\n\n## CHINA AND JAPAN, &c.\n\nROBERTSON and Co. will despatch the following first-class clipper VESSELS:\n\n| Ship | Destination | Class | Date of Sailing |\n|-------------|----------------------|-------|-----------------|\n| Spindrift | Shanghai | A1 | Aug. 14 |\n| Chia-zel | Hong Kong & Whampoa | A1 | Aug. 15 |\n| Channel Queen | Hong Kong | A1 | Aug. 25 |\n| Broadwater | Kanagawa, Nagasaki, & Osaka | A1 | With despatch |\n\nFor Freight and Passage apply at 5, Newman's-court, Cornhill, London; or York Chambers, 55, King-street, Manchester.\n\n## NOTICE to SHIPPERS\n\nThe splendid new clipper ship DURHAM, A1, 998 tons register, will receive goods in the East India Docks on Thursday, the 15th inst.\n\nFor Freight or Passage, apply to SHAW, LOWTHER, and MAXTON, 3, Royal Exchange-buildings, E.C.\n\n## NOTICE to SHIPPERS\n\nThe well-known clipper ship TWEED, A1, 13 years, 1,745 tons register, will receive goods in the East India Docks all Friday, the 16th inst.\n\nFor Freight or Passage, apply to SHAW, LOWTHER, and MAXTON, 3, Royal Exchange-buildings, E.C.\n\n## ALBERT VICTOR\n\nFor HONG KONG and WHAMPOA, the nearly new clipper-ship ALBERT VICTOR, A1, 13 years, 858 tons register, newly caulked; DAVID MUIR, Commander; long in the East India Docks. This fine ship, built by Messrs. Steele, of Greenock, offers a favourable opportunity for shippers of fine goods at this season.\n\nFor Freight or Passage apply to SHAW, LOWTHER, and MAXTON, 3, Royal Exchange-buildings, London, E.C.\n\nTo sail August 20.\n\n## DIRECT for POINT DE GALLE and COCHIN\n\nthe beautiful clipper-ship ANN LUCY, A1, 11 years, 270 tons register; WILLIAM NOBLE, Commander; lying in the London Docks. This fine vessel offers a first-rate opportunity to Shippers of Fine Goods, and has very good accommodation for first and second-class passengers.\n\nFor Freight or Passage, apply to JOHN C. CAMPBELL, 22, Great St. Helen's, Bishopsgate-street, E.C.; or to LIVINGSTON, HOLDING, and BRIGGS, 31, Great St. Helen's, Bishopsgate-street, E.C.\n\nTo sail August 20.\n\n## DIRECT FOR COLOMBO\n\nthe splendid Dundee clipper SEAFIELD, A1, 10 years, 616 tons register, J. TOUGH, Commander; West India Docks. This magnificent vessel has just returned from Colombo, and from the good order in which she invariably delivers her cargoes offers the most favourable opportunity to shippers desirous of despatch.\n\nFor Freight or Passage, apply to JOHN C. CAMPBELL, 22, Great St. Helen's, Bishopsgate-street, E.C.; or to LIVINGSTON, HOLDING, and BRIGGS, 31, Great St. Helen's, Bishopsgate-street, E.C.\n\n## GRANVILLE\n\nDIRECT for COLOMBO, the splendid British-built ship GRANVILLE, A1, 15 years, 606 tons register; C. GALLIOBAN, Commander; West India Docks. This magnificent high-classed vessel, well known in the Ceylon trade, offers a most desirable opportunity to shippers of fine goods.\n\nFor Freight or Passage apply to JOHN C. CAMPBELL, 22, Great St. Helen's, Bishopsgate-street, E.C.; or to LIVINGSTON, HOLDING, and BRIGGS, 31, Great St. Helen's, Bishopsgate-street, E.C.\n\n## THAMES\n\nCOLOMBO DIRECT, will have immediate despatch, having nearly all her cargo engaged, the beautiful clipper ship TRAMES, A1, 13 years, 444 tons register; C. J. H. ARNOLD, Commander; loading the West India Docks. Has splendid accommodation for passengers.\n\nFor Passage apply to W. H. TINDALL, 5, Tokenhouse-yard; and for Freight or Passage to F. TALLACK, No. 38, Birchin-lane, E.C.\n\n## PALESTINE\n\nCOLOMBO DIRECT (to follow the Thames), the clipper PALESTINE, A1, 608 tons register; T. PARK, Commander; loading in the West India Docks. Has unrivaled accommodation for passengers.\n\nFor Passage apply to W. H. TINDALL, 5, Tokenhouse-yard; and for Freight or Passage to F. TALLACK, 23, Birchin-lane, E.C.\n\n## CHINA, JAPAN, SINGAPORE, and PENANG\n\nThe following splendid first-class clipper SHIPS will be despatched as under:\n\n| Ship | Class | Destination | Date of Sailing |\n|---------------|-------|----------------------|-----------------|\n| Sir James Family | A1 | Shanghai | Aug. 15 |\n| Laico | A1 | Ditto | To follow |\n| Taeping | A1 | Hong Kong & Whampoa | To follow |\n| Pampero | A1 | Singapore and Penang | Aug. 24 |\n| Anne Dymes | A1 | Ditto | With despatch |\n\nFor Freight or Passage apply to KILLICK, MARTIN, and Co., 10, George-yard, Lombard-street, E.C.\n\n## BOMBAY\n\nJOHN C. CAMPINGLL will despatch the following splendid VESSELS:\n\n| Ship | Class | Date of Sailing | Destination |\n|-------------|-------|-----------------|-------------|\n| Bebington | A1 | Aug. 20 | Bombay |\n| Pegasus | A1 | To follow | Colombo |\n| Granville | A1 | Aug. 20 | Colombo |\n| Seafield | A1 | Aug. 20 | Galle and Cochin |\n| Ann Lucy | A1 | Aug. 20 | Colombo |\n| Spr. of the Nile | A1 | To follow | |\n\nNo. 22, Great St. Helen's, E.C.\n\n## BEBINGTON\n\nFOR BOMBAY direct, the fine British-built iron clipper ship BEBINGTON, A1, 889 tons register, THOMAS WARLAND, Commander, East India Docks. This splendid vessel, from her high-class and fast-sailing qualities, is confidently recommended to shippers of fine goods.\n\nFor Freight or Passage, apply to LIVINGSTON, HOLDING, and BRIGGS, 31, Great St. Helen's, E.C.; or to JOHN C. CAMPBELL, 22, Great St. Helen's, Bishopsgate-street, E.C.\n\nTo follow the \"Bebington,\" and will meet with the usual quick despatch.\n\n## PEGASUS\n\nFOR BOMBAY DIRECT, the fine British-built clipper-ship PEGASUS, A1 (owned by J. K. Welch, Esq., of London), 1,183 tons register, THOMAS CORNWALL, H.N.R., Commander, East India Docks. This splendid vessel, built in 1862, is noted for her fast-sailing qualities, and is confidently recommended to shippers.\n\nFor Freight or Passage, apply to LIVINGSTON, HOLDING, and BRIGGS, 31, Great St. Helen's, Bishopsgate-street, E.C.; or to JOHN C. CAMPBELL, 22, Great St. Helen's, Bishopsgate-street, E.C.\n\nPrinted for the Proprietors by RICHARD KINDER, Milford-lane, Strand, W.C., and published by JOHN ELLISON, at the Office of the LONDON AND CHINA TELEGRAPH, 4, Cowper's-court, Cornhill, in the parish of St. Michael's, in the City of London, - Tuesday, August 13, 1867.\n\n## 10888 Hong Kong \n\n### The Duke of Buckingham \n\n**RECEIVED**\n\nThe undersigned (Vice Consul of the Iron-Duchy of Oldenburg) has been requested to give information expecting lawsuit pending at Oldenburg Court of Law concerning a certificate which has been produced as evidence.\n\nThe said certificate concerning the condition and tare of merchandise arrived at Hongkong (China) is signed J. J. Alston and is sealed with a seal purporting to come from \"Government Surveyors Office\". It is stated to be a document issued by a British Government Official and proving ... and having the power of table proof in every British Court of Law.\n\nThe undersigned & Vice Consul, having made inquiries, is convinced that Her Majesty's Government at Hongkong have no Official who is authorized to issue certificates concerning the condition of merchandise, and so far from giving them in official statement to the Office.\n\n... \n\nNOV 5 1867 \n\n143", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 383923, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-309 - Public Offices & Others - 1901", "page_number": 459, "title": "CO129-309 - Public Offices & Others - 1901", "content_text": "454 \n\n14 Arthur Street. \n\nReafield \n\nBristol \n\n18th February 1901 \n\n& ve \n\nin reference to your \n\nletter / 41073/1900 re:- \n\n/41073/1900 14 \n\n: my resignation \n\nfrom the service of the Hong-Kong Government : I humbly beg \n\nto enquire \n\nI \n\nto you \n\nas to \n\nWhether I should send in a formal \n\nresignation? if so should it be to \n\nHong-Kong. \n\nII \n\nWhether I shall have to wait for my official discharge and gratuity to come from Hong-Kong, after the date of my resignation. \n\nI also beg to state that I have not received pay for the present month, or for the part of March that will become \n\ndue to me. \n\nI remain, \n\nSir \n\nYour obedient humble servant, \n\nJ. G. Keen. \n\nThe Under Secretary of State \n\nColonial Office.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-309 - Public Offices & Others - 1901.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 420103, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9]", "page_number": 649, "title": "CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9]", "content_text": "0.0. \n\nApplication for Promotion in the Colonial Service.\n\nForm to be filled up by the Applicant himself, and returned to the Governor for transmission to the Secretary of State for the Colonies.\n\nName in full Reginald Edward Olion Bird\n\nDate of Application September 1909\n\nPresent Appointment Senior Assistant master,\n\nFather's Name William Bird\n\nProfession or Occupation Doctor of Medicine\n\nAddress ...\n\nIf dead, his Name and Profession, should nevertheless be given,\n\nDay and year of Birth October 31, 1869\n\nPlace of birth Youk\n\nWhether single, married, or a widower Single.\n\nAge last birthday 39\n\nNumber of children ... Sons ... Daughters\n\nEducation\n\nMention the Schools or Colleges at which you received your education, professional as well as general, and give in each case the date of entry and leaving.\n\nQueen's College Hong Kong\n\nMalvern College\n\nLeamington College 1883-1888\n\nAll Souls College, Oxford 1888\n\nB.A. 3rd Class Honours in Litterae Humaniores Graduated 1892\n\nProfessional qualifications (if any), and the date at which each was obtained\n\nProceed to the degree of Master of Arts 1896\n\nEmployment from completion of education to date of entering the public service\n\nMention each position held by you, the dates between which you held it, and the cause of leaving.\n\n1892-95 Headmaster of Armenian College, Calcutta. Lesson completion of 3-years contract\n\n1896-97 Assistant Master at the County School, Bidford. Left the school\n\n1897-98 Housemaster at Seafield College, Hants,\n\n1898-99 Assistant Master University School, Hastings. Left for higher salary at King's College, Bangkok\n\n1901-1902 ... upon services being no longer required by the Siamese Government\n\nIRca. 30 OCT 09 640\n\n35649\n\n1282\n\nOVER.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 420108, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9]", "page_number": 654, "title": "CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9]", "content_text": "Application for Promotion in the Colonial Service:\n\nForm to be filled up by the Applicant himself, and returned to the Governor for transmission to the\n\nSecretary of State for the Colonies,\n\nName in full Reginald Edward Mine Bird\n\nDate of Application September 20th 1909\n\nPresent Appointment Senior Assistant Master, Queen's College, Hongkong\n\nFather's Name William Bird\n\nProfession or Occupation Doctor of Medicine,\n\nAddress ...\n\n1 dead, his Name and Profession should nevertheless be given.\n\nDay and year of Birth 12th April 1869\n\nPlace of birth Cork\n\nAge last birthday 39\n\nWhether single, married, or a widower Single\n\nNumber of children ...\n\nEducation\n\nMention the Schools or Colleges at which you received your education, professional as well as general; and give in each case the date of entry and leaving.\n\nMalvern College 1880-1882\n\nLeamington College 1882-1883\n\nBible Clerkship, All Souls College, Oxford 1886 Graduated 1892\n\nLitterae Humaniores class Honours in 1896\n\nProceeded to the degree of Master of Arts\n\nProfessional qualifications (if any), and the date at which each was obtained\n\nEmployment from completion of education to date of entering the public service\n\nMention each position held by you, the dates between which you held it, and the cause of leaving.\n\n1892-95 Headmaster of Armenian College, Calcutta, Left on completion of 3 years contract.\n\n1896-97 Assistant Master at the County School, Bedford\n\n1897-1899 Housemaster at Seafield College, Hants\n\n1899-1900 Assistant Master, University School, Hastings Left for higher salary at King's College, Bangkok\n\n1900-1902 Assistant Master at King's College, Bangkok, Siamese Govt.\n\nup to Oct: when I joined the public service upon services being no longer required by the Siamese.\n\n[TO BE CONTINUED OVER]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 482291, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "page_number": 339, "title": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "content_text": "Referees \n\nGive the names and ad-dresses of two referees. They should be respon-sible persons who know you well, either in private life or pro-fessionally and one at least should be well acquainted with you in private life.\n\n1. Name: Myth M. Zrakan Address: Shirling Seefield, Commis. Perthshire Occupation: \n\n2. Name: I Macdonald, Esq Address: Bank House, Comrie, Perthshire. Occupation: Agent, Commercial Bank of Scotland & Colonial Nursing Association, \n\nIMPERIAL INSTITUTE, S.W. \n\nSTATEMENT for the information of the Committee of the C.N.A. respecting Miss Elizabeth Colling Maclaren, who is a Candidate for employment as Nurse abroad, under the Association.\n\nQUESTIONS.\n\n1. Will you be good enough to state how long you have been acquainted with the applicant?\n\nANSWERS.\n\nTestimonials. Give the name, address, and occupation of the writer of each of your testimonials. Copies certified by the Colonial Nursing Association must be sent for record in the Colonial Office. The Copies may be either in MS. or in print: and it is desirable, though not absolutely necessary, that they should be on foolscap paper not larger than this form.\n\n(277)\n\n326\n\n2. From what circumstances does your knowledge of her arise?\n\n3. While you were acquainted with her was she-\n\n(a). Honest ?\n\n(b). Sober ?\n\n(c). Generally well-conducted?\n\n4. Was her health good?\n\n5. If she has been employed under you will you state the nature of her duties and how she discharged them?\n\n2.- by H. M. Schmidt by J.\n\nTo this Lady under Matron \n\nadmit.\n\nThe Aberdeen Royal Infirmary \n\nLady Superintendent here from August 1904 to April 1907, & left. Completing 5 years training. There are no offences ...\n\n3.- \n\n4.- \n\n(a). \n\nhome by Lady Superintendent's qualities, as the Matron has been (c). absolutely Military ... (b). 1914, The offsprings of ...\n\nThe above not regarding ... is taking place the refund requires.\n\n7. My ... Johnst, 4.d.\n\n[TURN OVER]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 482292, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "page_number": 340, "title": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "content_text": "QUESTIONS.\n\n6. Will you state the cause of her leaving, whether by voluntary resignation, dismissal, or otherwise?\n\n7. Is she of high moral character?\n\n8. What do you think of her suitability for work abroad? Would she be cheerful and adaptable under difficulties?\n\n9. Has she been well educated?\n\n10. The Committee would be glad to receive any information which you may have to give respecting her character or qualifications in addition to what is contained in the answers to the foregoing questions.\n\nDale\n\nSignature.\n\nANSWERS.\n\nDear Madam,\n\nSeafield,\n\nComrie,\n\nPerthshire.\n\nJanuary 6th, 1917.\n\nI have known Miss C. Maclaren for a good many years; she comes of a respectable family. I have had a good deal to do with her of late years as she kindly helped us with our V.A.D. practices as she is a trained Nurse, and I know how deeply she has longed to go as a Missionary. She has had to stay at home for some years to nurse her old Mother, who died lately, and now that she is free she hopes to get Mission work to do in which her very thorough training as a Nurse will be most valuable. I have always found her so nice and refined, gentle and kind. I do not know what force of character she has. I see you ask that question but as a Nurse if her influence was good perhaps that is not so essential, but she may have it for all I know. I feel if she could get the right post she would be so anxious to succeed, and happy to work to the very last of her powers. At the present moment I fear she is rather perplexed what to do and where to go, as several of my friends more in touch with Missionary work than I am, have been helping her, and I do not know if they have quite realised what she is best suited for; however, I can only say that all I have seen of her has been much in her favour, and I know she is most deeply religious and that, for years she has longed to go to the Mission field, where as a highly trained Nurse she ought to be most valuable. I think she has now gone to London; I have only just returned home after a week's absence so have not had time to find out.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nMary M. Graham", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 482461, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "page_number": 509, "title": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "content_text": "6\n\n(b.) The Arc System. This system, invented by Poulsen in 1904, and developed by many other technicians, utilises continuous waves generated by an electric arc.\n\nThe Poulsen arc is manufactured in sizes from 1 to 1,000 kilowatts, and from 100 kilowatts upwards is much more widely used to-day for long-range transmission than any other wireless system. Its construction and operation up to a power of 250 kilowatts are well understood, and for ranges of at least 2,000 miles it can be relied upon with certainty to give useful service. One disadvantage from which it has suffered, namely, that during the spaces between the Morse dots and dashes of the signals the generated wave must be either thrown out of tune in the serial or deflected from it—that is, the electrical energy must be generated at the same cost alike when it is and when it is not transmitting useful signals—has, according to the statements of several inventors, been overcome.\n\nArcs are installed at the Eiffel Tower Station, in Paris; at Lyons, communicating duplex regularly with Annapolis, United States of America, 3,993 miles; at Nantes; at Horsea; and at Rome; in America, at Annapolis, which communicates regularly not only with Lyons but also with Nauen, near Berlin, 4,109 miles; at Sayville, Tuckerton, San Francisco, and San Diego; and in outlying American stations at Darien (Panamá), Cayey (Porto Rico), Honolulu (Sandwich Islands), and Cavite (Philippines). The two last-named intercommunicate, but with what efficiency we do not know, at a distance apart of 5,305 miles.\n\nThe stations authorised by the Cabinet last year for the service between Leafield (near Oxford) and Abu Zabal (near Cairo), 2,239 miles, are being equipped by Post Office engineers with 250 kilowatt arcs, of British manufacture, contracted for by Mr. C. F. Elwell.\n\nIn brief, the arc system is thoroughly well-established and proved for long-range wireless communication. It presents, in the powers at present used, no unsolved technical problems; it is covered by no valid patent; it is simple to design; it can be produced by any competent manufacturer of electrical machinery; it is easy to operate, and its results are known.\n\nTaking all these qualities together, it is pre-eminent at the present moment among methods of long-range wireless transmission. But it must be added that the service of any of the above-mentioned French and American government stations, excellent and fairly regular as it is, and doubtless fulfilling the purposes for which it was designed, does not constitute a satisfactory commercial long-range service as we have defined the term.\n\nArcs of greater power than 250 kilowatts still present elements of uncertainty. We have observed, for example, that arcs of this size, of which there are several in America, do not deliver to the aerial a greater effective current than arcs rated at lower powers. An experiment of the greatest importance, however, is about to be made. The American army was erecting a wireless station at Croix d'Hina, near Bordeaux, to be equipped with an arc of no less than 1,000 kilowatts, manufactured by the Federal Poulsen Company of America, when the armistice was signed. The station and the equipment were purchased by the French government, the buildings and masts of great height are completed, all the material is on the spot, and by the end of the present year transmission by this enormous power will be attempted. The results of this undertaking, which is under the direction of General Ferrié, C.M.G., Director-General of French Military Telegraphs, a wireless technician of pre-eminent experience and scientific qualifications, are eagerly awaited by all wireless engineers, and until these prove satisfactory it would be unwise for any other authority to incur the great expense of such an equipment.\n\nThe selection by the leading American wireless engineers of this power for a service merely across the Atlantic conveys a lesson to which further allusion will be made later.\n\n(c) The High-frequency Alternator. The electrical generator in common use for lighting purposes produces alternating current of a frequency of, say, 50 complete cycles per second. A number of inventors have constructed machines similar in principle, but generating at frequencies of the order of 20,000 per second, that is, a wireless wave of the length of 15,000 metres, and at a power of 200 kilowatts or more.\n\nThe two chief high-frequency alternators are, first, the Alexanderson, of which the only large example, of 200 kilowatts, is installed in the American wireless station at New Brunswick, New Jersey. This machine is regarded with great approval by American authorities, and carries on fairly regular communication with Stavanger (3,554 miles), Lyons (3,845 miles), and Nauen (3,958 miles). It was by the use of this alternator that Mr. Daniels, Secretary of the American Navy, controlling its output at New Brunswick through 200 miles of land telephone line, spoke from his office in Washington by wireless telephony to President Wilson in mid-Atlantic. The second is the Bethenod-Latour, installed in the French military station at Lyons, which communicates regularly with Annapolis, U.S.A. (3,993 miles).\n\n7\n\n495\n\nThis machine is highly esteemed by the French government and is about to be installed in five government stations.\n\nOther high-frequency alternators are the Goldschmidt, at Eilvese, near Hanover, by which Germany communicated with America before the latter declared war; another German one, the Telefunken, at Nauen, near Berlin; and a new French machine, of which only a low-power example has yet been constructed.\n\nThe high-frequency alternator is unquestionably one of the most interesting achievements of wireless engineering, and it may well prove, as its advocates anticipate, the best means of long-distance wireless transmission in the future. Apart, however, from the facts that its own claims can hardly yet be regarded as finally established, and that a rival method of transmission is developing with great rapidity, the difficulties and drawbacks attending the construction and operation of high-frequency alternators must not be overlooked.\n\nThese machines demand extreme accuracy in manufacture, which means high initial cost, and they call for high skill to operate them safely and efficiently, which implies an expensive staff. Any good working electrician can run an arc; a skilled engineer must be in charge of a high-frequency alternator. Much machinery auxiliary to the alternator itself is usually required. In the case of the Bethenod-Latour, for example, the rotor, or revolving portion, must run in a vacuum, to avoid air-friction, and a pump is needed to maintain this. Further, the rotor and the main bearings must be kept cool by a forced oil circulation of as much as 22 gallons a minute, necessitating another pump. Again, the frequency, and therefore the radiated wave-length, depends upon the speed, which in this alternator remains admirably constant within one-tenth of 1 per cent. Special apparatus is required to maintain this unvarying speed. Change of wave-length can be secured only by change of speed of rotation, which implies change of efficiency.\n\nWhen, finally, it is added that in this machine the rotor is about 4 feet in diameter, weighs over 4 tons, and revolves at 3,000 revolutions per minute, with only the twenty-eighth part of an inch clearance (0.9 mm.) between its periphery (travelling at 600 feet a second) and the fixed portion, or stator, the constructional and operating difficulties will be readily appreciated, and, as has been said, the costs are of course proportionate.\n\nSuch a machine, in case of breakdown, can be dismantled and repaired only in a workshop equipped on a large scale and by highly competent workmen. It could not be repaired in a remote station, unless this were also provided with expensive engineering appliances and personnel. The erection of such machines, which would have to be in duplicate, would be an undertaking of great difficulty.\n\nFor all these reasons, therefore, while fully appreciating the interest and value of the high-frequency alternator and its possible important future development, we do not recommend its adoption at the present time for any part of the Imperial scheme.\n\n(d.) The Thermionic Valve. This is a very recent arrival in the field of wireless telegraphy, and, although but in its infancy, has revolutionised wireless practice during the past five years.\n\nIt consists, in its common form, of an exhausted glass bulb, containing three electrodes, one a metallic filament, the second a metal grid, and the third a metal plate. The filament, when incandescent, emits particles of negative electricity, known as electrons, which constitute, under the application of high electrical tension, a direct current between the plate and the filament. This electronic current can be employed to generate wireless waves of great purity of form.\n\nAt first, only small transmission currents were produced from the small valves in use for reception, but valves have been constructed of ever larger dimensions, until to-day, by using a number of large valves grouped together, currents suitable for long-range wireless transmission are generated. Progress in this direction is so rapid that almost every month sees a distinct advance. A few of our battleships are equipped with long-range valve transmission; from an Admiralty station in the United Kingdom regular communication was held with a force 1,600 miles away; military communication between London and the Army of Occupation in Germany is maintained by transmitting valves at each end; the Post Office will shortly communicate by the use of valves with ships over a range of at least 1,200 miles by means of stations of small power; almost all long-distance wireless telephony depends upon valve transmission.\n\nWe desire here to express our appreciation of the work carried out by the officers and civilian experts of His Majesty's Signal School at Portsmouth in connection with the design and use of high-power valves. Evidence of great value has reached us.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 482467, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "page_number": 515, "title": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "content_text": "501\n\n18\n\nas it is based on technical considerations and would in our view, for reasons already given, have an important bearing on technical development.\n\n32. From the point of view of wireless technics the Marconi Company's proposal is much too vague to allow of useful comment. Even the method of transmission to be adopted is not specified, but the possibility of the generation of powerful currents by the use of valves is mentioned. This we note with special interest, since on the Company's staff are several technicians of high competence in the design and use of valves. The suggestion of a Central Control Office is in accordance with modern practice. Distant control has been carried out in America, it is being planned in France, and the Post Office is arranging to operate the Leafield Station at first from Banbury and ultimately from the Central Telegraph Office in London. In any modern scheme the operators for both transmitting and receiving would be located at one point. An extreme claim is made for the \"Franklin type of aerial,\" namely, that \"so great is its importance that the scheme of wireless communications outlined in this Proposal depends fundamentally upon its adoption.\" The only Franklin patents we can trace of the nature suggested are No. 24098 of 1914 and No. 5783 of 1915. If these constitute the basis of the above claim it would appear probable that other methods of accomplishing the same object are known to wireless science. All such methods are based upon the employment of loop aerials, as explained hereafter. So far has this been developed that, following experiments carried out by the United States navy with the so-called \"barrage receiver,\" Dr. Alexanderson, the American expert, has recently described an arrangement for a world-wide wireless scheme apparently identical in a large degree with that stated by the Marconi Company to be possible only by the use of the Franklin patent. He says: \"The practical conclusion follows that the transmitting stations as well as receiving stations for each district should be grouped in centres, and these centres located relatively so as to make the directive neutralisation as effective as possible.\" We regret not to have been afforded the opportunity of examining Mr. Franklin upon this matter, and upon the results of his invention, if it has been adopted anywhere in practice.\n\n33. Passing from this topic we now proceed to consider further aspects of an Imperial wireless scheme. Hitherto, we have dealt almost exclusively with the transmission of wireless signals. The methods and results on the receiving side exhibit at least an equal advance during the past five years, owing to the development of the valve, and an acquaintance with the general principle involved is necessary for the appreciation of the latest wireless practice. When a valve is used for reception, the electronic current passing from filament to plate (see section 11 (d)) under the influence of a steady electrical tension is greatly modified by a feeble oscillating current - in other words, by an incoming wireless signal - applied between filament and grid. Thus, by the action of this relay or amplifier, the feeble arriving current is reproduced on a magnified scale and produces a sound in a telephone corresponding to each signal received; or, when further amplified by the same process repeated, is made to actuate automatic recording apparatus.\n\nany\n\nThe valve in use to-day for wireless reception differs hardly at all from the type produced by the French Télégraphie Militaire early in the war, of which hundreds of thousands were used by the Allied forces. By its means, using a number of valves in cascade, enormous amplification of signals is possible, enabling any transmitting station to be heard at a greatly increased distance, or conversely, a much smaller transmitting power to be used for the same distance. This amplification has also rendered possible the reception of signals upon loop aerials - that is, inductive coils of wire wound on small frames - without the need of aerials supported upon high masts or of earth connection. As a striking example of very great amplification of received signals by the use of valves, together with the employment of a loop aerial, we may say that the signals of Annapolis, U.S.A., have been audibly received in Paris, 3,800 miles distant, upon a coil of wire only 10 inches in diameter, the complete receiving apparatus standing upon a desk. Indeed, all scientific wireless reception to-day is by valves, and the use of elevated aerials for reception of long-distance signals may soon be abandoned altogether.\n\nThe loop aerial possesses a further characteristic of great importance in a general scheme of wireless communication. When the incoming wave is in the plane of the loop, the signals are at their maximum; when the loop is at right angles to the incoming wave, the signals disappear. As the loop is rotated, the signals vary in intensity, and the position of maximum intensity indicates the plane of propagation of the signal-wave. The co-ordination of two loop-aerial stations some distance apart\n\n19\n\ngives the point of origin. This is the principle of direction-finding, by which ships in fog are now given their exact position by wireless from the shore, and by which Zeppelins were guided across the North Sea. It will thus be understood that two simultaneous incoming wireless waves of the same power and the same length, which would \"jam\" each other's signals hopelessly upon an ordinary aerial, may be read independently upon two loop aerials, near but at an appropriate angle to each other. In an Imperial wireless system a multiple station for the reception of messages from different transmitting stations would be established on this principle.\n\nC\n\n34. Atmospheric electrical discharges (known in wireless language as \"static,\" \"parasites,\" \"strays,\" \"X's,\" or signals. In some latitudes, in summer, signals have often been unreadable from this atmospherics) are the bane of reception of wireless cause for twelve hours or more out of the twenty-four. India is one of the worst sufferers, indeed to such an extent that it has been doubted whether this fact does not render an Indian site unsuitable for a relay wireless station for Australia. Investigation of this problem is urgently required, but enough has already been done to indicate that a solution will be found, and again, by the use of valves. Progress being made we may cite a recent statement of Dr. L. W. Austin, the eminent head of the United States Radiotelegraphic Laboratory in Washington, to the effect that whereas, receiving at Washington on a simple loop aerial, the signals of high-power transmitting stations in Western Europe have been unreadable for about 2,000 hours during the year, by employing any one of four different static-reducing systems this time of unreadability can now be reduced to less than 100 hours, or less than 5 per cent. of the time formerly lost.\n\n35. Finally, so far as concerns reception, while we have not ventured to specify a higher speed at first than 90 words per minute in the valve transmission over 2,000 miles which we recommend for official adoption, there is good ground for expectation that this may soon be largely surpassed. The Signals Experimental Establishment of the army at Woolwich, already mentioned, has achieved results of much interest and importance in automatic high-speed communication, and we trust its further investigations will be amply facilitated. By the use of new methods and apparatus, wireless signals from a punched tape have been recorded upon a standard Post Office inking machine at a speed of 450 words a minute, and no difficulty is anticipated in controlling valve transmission at this speed by means of ordinary Post Office apparatus. Moreover, the selectivity of the receiving circuit is said to be so great that immunity from interference from other stations, and in a large degree from atmospheric disturbance also, is anticipated. It may be added that the Post Office wireless staff, using the methods of the Signals Experimental Establishment somewhat modified, have recently transmitted by valve and recorded signals at the rate of 150 words a minute from London to Stonehaven (Kincardine), a distance of over 400 miles.\n\nIn our references to the development of the valve as a long-distance transmitter, and to the development of high-speed transmission and reception, we have had in mind what has been achieved by the Government Departments. We have little information (except as mentioned on p. 3, footnote) as to what has been done by private enterprise in these directions, but we have no reason to suppose that the work of the Government departments has anywhere been surpassed.\n\n36. Having thus passed in review the main aspects, historical, technical, geographical and financial, of an Imperial world-wide wireless service, we are now able to draw the practical conclusions which, in our opinion, follow. It should be borne in mind that the State already possesses the nucleus of an Imperial system in the Leafield-Cairo service, which is to come into operation in a few months, and in the ex-German station of Windhuk, and these must, of course, be utilised. We recommend, therefore, that a scheme of Imperial wireless communications be established in the following manner.\n\nThe Leafield-Cairo arc service now under construction should, we propose, be allocated to the African traffic. The Leafield station will, as and when required, handle such wireless traffic as may arise with foreign stations in Eastern Europe until this is otherwise provided for, but with this exception Leafield to be only the starting-point and terminus of duplex traffic with Egypt, and thence to East Africa and the Union of South Africa. A complete valve station, as herein specified, to be erected near Nairobi, East Africa, and this station to communicate duplex with Windhuk, which is adequately connected by land lines with Cape Town.\n\nThe former Telefunken station at Windhuk is already equipped with much plant suitable for a valve station, including two Otto Dietz 290 HP. oil engines. \"The", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 482468, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "page_number": 516, "title": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "content_text": "20\n\nbuildings, both for power plant and operating, the masts, transmitting and receiving aerials, and lighting and water-distilling plants, are intact, and said to be in all respects serviceable. We estimate that an expenditure of about £20,000 would suffice to render Windhuk an excellent valve station in the Imperial scheme, and we recommend that the Government of the Union of South Africa be advised to employ it, pending future developments of wireless telegraphy, for this purpose.\n\nIf the South African Government agrees to this proposal we would urge that Windhuk station, which can be ready much before any other valve station, be completed as soon as possible, in order that experiments in communicating with the Cairo are station may begin early next year. These experiments might well prove very instructive as regards the whole Imperial system.\n\nExperience will show what subsidiary services, working with the three main stations of this African north and south route, are required, and they can be erected without difficulty, and equipped with valve transmission of power suitable to the distances to be covered. Communication between Cairo and Baghdad, less than 800 miles, would doubtless be needed at once.\n\nThis chain of stations from England to the Cape would, in our opinion, be able to handle efficiently and expeditiously the official and commercial traffic to be expected.\n\n37. We next recommend that all the remaining Imperial stations be of the valve transmitting and receiving type we have outlined. The first would be erected in England, and on a site not more than 5 miles from the main transmission line of an Electricity Authority, if such can be found suitable for a wireless installation. This may possibly be near Melksham, in Wiltshire, but it would be necessary to form a small committee consisting of a wireless expert, a geologist, and representatives of the Electricity Commission and the Woods and Forests, to select the site and decide accordingly whether the wireless station should purchase or generate its current. This station would communicate duplex with a station to be erected in Egypt, and this station again with a station at Poona or whatever site was found to be most suitable in India.\n\nThe Indian station would communicate with a station to be erected at Singapore, where the traffic would branch, part going north to a station at Hongkong, and part southward to a station situated in the north of Australia, say, at Port Darwin, or on the west coast, not further south than Perth.\n\nThat is, the route England-Egypt-India-Far East-Australia would be served by six valve stations, and would be entirely independent of the route England-Egypt-East Africa-South Africa, although of course the arc and valve stations in England and Egypt would be able to assist each other in handling traffic when one was crowded and the other temporarily free.\n\nWe realise that it might soon be necessary to duplicate the valve stations in Egypt and India, but we do not think this would be required by the traffic at first, and the delay of a year or two would, in our opinion, have the great advantage of enabling it to be seen whether an increase in the power of valves, or in the rate of high-speed signalling, would not meet the growth of traffic, rendering unnecessary the building of more stations. For the traffic it is reasonable to anticipate at the present time we feel confident that the plan here outlined will provide prompt and regular facilities.\n\n38. We now set out the capital cost and annual charges (the Leafield-Cairo service being already provided) of the Imperial wireless scheme recommended.* These would be as follows:-\n\nCapital Cost.\n\nAnnual Charges.\n\n21\n\nOf the above capital sum, £853,000 would be payable by the Imperial Government, £185,000 by the Indian Government, £185,000 by the Australian Government, and £20,000 by the Government of the Union of South Africa,\n\nOf the above annual charges, £268,000 would be payable by the Imperial Government, £59,000 by the Indian Government, £60,000 by the Australian Government, and £38,000 by the South African Government.\n\nIt will have been noted that the annual charges include interest at 6 per cent. on capital and complete amortisation, within a proper period, of all buildings and plant. This is as requested in our terms of reference.\n\n39. We proceed, as further requested, to examine the probable amount of traffic and revenue that may be expected from each station.\n\nAny estimate of the amount of traffic which would be carried must in the nature of things be highly speculative. In the recent arbitration proceedings with the Marconi Company, in respect of the cancelled contract of 1913, the Post Office put forward certain estimates based on the assumptions that the traffic on the principal routes concerned, which increased by some 150 per cent. during the war, would materially decrease during the next few years, and that the wireless service would attract some 15 per cent. of the total traffic. As a matter of fact, however, the traffic so far shows little or no tendency to decrease, and although the cable companies still expect a falling off there seems good reason to think the diminution will be less than had been expected, and that after a few years it will be made good by natural growth. In our calculations we have assumed that the average traffic during the next few years will be about five-sixths of the 1918 traffic. Further, the service we propose should be considerably better than that contemplated by the Post Office-Marconi Contract, seeing that there would be two separate lines of communication from the United Kingdom to South Africa and India respectively, instead of a service (as proposed in 1913) dependent upon a single line of communication between England and Egypt. In these circumstances, and in view of the continued congestion of the cables, we think it not unreasonable to suppose that the wireless service will attract 20 per cent. of the commercial, social and press traffic, in addition to a considerable amount of Government traffic. We have assumed that the rates payable by the public on the wireless routes would be three-fourths of the existing cable rates, which have recently in several cases been substantially reduced. The Government traffic may, we think, be credited to the wireless service at the actual rates now charged for it on the cables.\n\n40. On these bases, and making a suitable allowance for retransmission (that is, the combined operation of receiving and sending) as compared with the single operation of sending or receiving, the annual load and revenue of the various stations (omitting the Leafield-Cairo service) during the first years of working are estimated roughly, since a more accurate forecast is impossible, as follows:-\n\n \n India\n Words per annum.\n Revenue.\n £\n \n \n English station\n 7,000,000\n 50,000\n \n \n \n Cairo station..\n 10,500,000\n 60,000\n \n \n \n Singapore\n 9,000,000\n 55,000\n \n \n \n Hongkong\n 6,000,000\n 40,000\n \n \n \n Australia\n 1,500,000\n 25,000\n \n \n \n East Africa,\n 3,600,000\n 40,000\n \n \n \n South Africa..\n 2,000,000\n 30,000\n \n \n \n \n 1,500,000\n 25,000\n \n \n \n \n 325,000\n \n \n \n \n English station\n \n 39,000\n \n \n \n Cairo station...\n \n 185,000\n $7,000\n \n \n Poona station\n \n 185,000\n 59,000\n \n \n Singapore station\n \n 185,000\n 60,000\n \n \n Hongkong station\n \n 185,000\n 50,000\n \n \n Australian station\n \n 185,000\n 60,000\n \n \n Nairobi station\n \n 185,000\n 52,000\n \n \n Windhuk station\n \n 20,000\n 38,000\n \n \n Totals\n \n 1,243,000\n 425,000\n \n\n* The charges are arrived at generally in the same way as those for the England-Egypt-India service, and where it is anticipated traffic will be for the present small, as at Hongkong, Nairobi and Windhuk, we have thought it fair to assume a reduction in operating costs of 60 per cent., and an equivalent economy in fuel.\n\nover.\n\nIt should, of course, be understood that the above words are counted several times. The actual amount of traffic passing over the Imperial routes on the above basis would be from 9,000,000 to 10,000,000 words. After the opening years an annual increase of 5 per cent. per annum may reasonably be assumed.\n\nOf the above revenue, £205,000 would be receivable by the Imperial Government, £55,000 by the Indian Government, £40,000 by the Australian Government, and £25,000 by the South African Government.\n\nThis is,\n\n41. No mention has hitherto been made of communication with Canada. of course, of the first importance in an Imperial wireless scheme, but definite proposals\n\n[3569]\n\nE\n\n502", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 482470, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "page_number": 518, "title": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "content_text": "504\n\n24\n\nlarge scale here proposed would have to be the subject of special arrangement with one or more firms. Tenders for the other purely wireless material would be invited from the firms specializing in such apparatus.\n\nWe are informed that in the present state of trade about twelve months would be required for the delivery of the power plant, even with official priority, and therefore it is probable that the complete stations could not be in operation under a period of two years at the least.\n\n48. The practical procedure to be followed, if the Government decide to give effect to our recommendations, remains to be considered.\n\nThis procedure involves a clear appreciation of two widely distinct aspects of the erection of a wireless station. These are (a) design and (b) construction,\n\nTo procure power plant from the specification of one authority, masts and aerial system from another, buildings from another, wireless apparatus from a fourth, and to assemble these at the selected site, has been a tempting method in the past, but its result is inevitably the inefficiency of the station as a whole. The actual construction of a wireless station is a comparatively simple undertaking. Any competent consulting engineer can draw up the specification of power plant; the masts and aerial system are an easy proposition to those experienced in such construction; the actual production of the wireless apparatus will be readily undertaken by specialist manufacturers. All these things require only competent business organisation to invite tenders, conclude contracts, supervise deliveries and carry out construction. Such an organisation, on a large scale and with great experience of precisely this class of work, exist in the Engineering Department of the Post Office, and there can be no doubt, in our opinion, that to this department in England, and to the corresponding authorities overseas, the construction of the stations should be entrusted, when once their design is determined.\n\nIt is the planning of the stations which presents the real problem, and upon the nature of its solution the efficiency and the financial results of the Imperial scheme depend. The latest discoveries and developments of wireless science must of course be embodied in it, and full account be taken of the achievements and shortcomings of existing stations, but above all, the whole design must form one unit, each factor determined in correlation with the other factors, each part interlocking, so to speak, with every other part.\n\nIf the wireless engineering staff of the Admiralty were larger than it is, and the demands of the navy less than they are, the naval authorities might well have been asked to take a leading part in planning the stations. This, however, is not possible. The Admiralty desires to give the Imperial scheme all the help in its power, but in existing conditions this cannot be more than to place the results of the work of its technicians, and its advice when required, at the disposal of the designing authority.\n\nWe are of opinion, therefore, after much consideration, that this authority can successfully be created in the form of a Wireless Commission, advisory to the Post Office and the overseas construction authorities, whose engineering departments would be responsible, securing the opinions of specialists when necessary, for carrying out the construction of the stations according to the plans formulated by the Wireless Commission,\n\nThis Commission need not consist of more than a Chairman and two or three members, one of whom would be a representative of the Post Office, and the others wireless experts of high competence, men whose studies have ranged over the whole field, men acquainted alike with the most eminent technicians, with contemporary research, with the literature of the subject, and with existing stations. A member of the naval wireless engineering staff would be invited to join in the discussion of special problems, and the Chief Electricity Commissioner would nominate one of his staff to be present when required, to supply information and figures of cost of power plant. The independent members of the Commission would, of course, receive fees, and we think that the official members should receive some remuneration in addition to their departmental salaries.\n\nThe Wireless Commission would remain in being until the chain of stations was in operation, when the need or otherwise of its continued existence would be clear, the expectation being that the Commission would then be no longer required.\n\nWith such a body responsible for the planning of the stations, and the Post Office engineering departments undertaking their construction, we believe that an Imperial scheme in full accordance with modern wireless science would be carried out in the most economical manner.\n\n25\n\n49. We are requested to place the recommended stations in their order of urgency A decision of this nature must largely depend upon considerations beyond our present information. It would appear to us, however, that as communication with Egypt will shortly be established by the Post Office Leafield-Cairo arc service, the stations first to be erected should be those in India, Singapore, Hongkong and Australia, in case contracts should not be given out simultaneously for all the seven valve stations recommended and for the completion of Windhuk station. But the decision regarding the last-named will rest with the South African Government, and the Indian and Australian Governments will probably desire to contract for their stations at the same time that the Imperial Government orders its own five stations. Communication with Canada will naturally, as before stated, be the subject of joint decision by the Imperial and Canadian authorities.\n\n50. Mention may be made of an interesting memorandum presented to us by the Geographical Section, General Staff, pointing out that the development of ... is adversely affected by their inability to carry out surveys of their territories, and that many colonies an Imperial wireless scheme will enable this to be done, that is, longitudes to be determined, without recourse to the tedious and costly method of Principal Triangulation. The aid thus given, it is truly remarked, to the internal development of colonies by promoting that geographical knowledge which is almost a first essential of progress, is an additional cogent argument for the speedy establishment of an Imperial wireless system. We may add that an official proposal for the wireless determination of longitudes, on a world-wide basis, was put forward internationally by the French Bureau des Longitudes last year.\n\n18.\n\nSUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS.\n\n51. We may now re-state in summary form the conclusions we have reached :—\n\nProposals for an Imperial wireless chain usually contemplate links of about 4,000 miles each-the distances, for instance, between England and India, and between India and Australia. For these distances all spark systems are obsolete, and the high-frequency alternator in its present state of development is costly, difficult to repair, and as yet insufficiently tested in prolonged operation. Therefore the arc system, the most widely used to-day for long-distance wireless communications, would have to be adopted. It is, however, impossible to say beforehand what power would be required at such ranges for a satisfactory commercial wireless service, which we define as a 24-hour a day service, not subject to frequent interruptions and repetitions, reliable, working at high speed, and of a capital cost and annual expenditure such that at rates low enough to attract a large traffic it might speedily become self-supporting,\n\nNo satisfactory commercial service, as thus defined, over even half the above range, is in existence anywhere at the present time.\n\nThe cost of a pair of stations in England and India, equipped, in about two years, with the smallest arcs likely to effect this communication, would be £615,000, and the annual charges £155,000. Yet no certainty could be felt that this power would be adequate, since no such arc is working efficiently anywhere to-day under conditions enabling its efficiency to be judged, and it would be unwise to incur the cost of larger arcs until we are acquainted with the results of the working of an arc of greater power than any hitherto constructed, shortly to be in operation by the French Government. Moreover, the possibility that the arc system is obsolescent must not be overlooked. We conclude, therefore, that an Imperial wireless chain of 1,000-mile links bridged by arc transmission is, alike on technical and economic grounds, for the present inexpedient, and we seek another solution of the problem.\n\nThis we find in the two complemental facts that the chief countries of the Empire can be connected, both commercially and strategically, by links of about 2,000 miles, and that the advance of wireless science has rendered it ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 482472, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "page_number": 520, "title": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "content_text": "27\n\n506\n\n$ 48.\n\nstations as units, in accordance with modern wireless science, in order to secure the necessary correlation of all the constituent factors. would presumably be no longer required when the stations were completed. This Commission We propose that the construction of the stations to the plans furnished by the Commission should be entrusted to the Engineering Department of the Post Office, which possesses the organisation and experience necessary to the satisfactory execution of this work, and to the corresponding overseas authorities.\n\nWe have examined, as requested, the proposals submitted to the Government by the Marconi Company. We find these too vague to admit of detailed comment, but so far as we can judge the scheme, it appears to be of a scope and magnitude so great, and involving such heavy capital and annual expense, that even if it carried the whole of the traffic handled to-day by all the cable companies serving the same regions, it could only be remunerative, if at all, by duplicating the Postmaster-General's system of inland and continental telegraphy, and by competing with the State telegraph systems of the various overseas Governments. We are further of opinion that if fully carried out it would be prejudicial to the interests of free wireless research and independent development.\n\n$ 30.\n\n§ 82.\n\n§ 31.\n\nUpon the technical side of the proposals the information given affords no basis for judgment, but we do not accept the statement that an Imperial service can be satisfactorily carried out only by the use of a particular patent owned by the Company.\n\nOn the other hand, we are of opinion that if Imperial wireless traffic were carried by the State, long-distance wireless traffic with foreign countries might properly be left, under suitable conditions, to the commercial companies. Both services would profit by this healthy competition.\n\nThe considerations and arguments upon which the above conclusions are based will be found set forth in detail in this Report, the chief Sections in which they occur being indicated by the marginal references here placed opposite the different topics.\n\nWe recommend:-\n\nRECOMMENDATIONS.\n\n1. That a scheme of Imperial wireless communications be established connecting the communities of the Empire by geographical steps of about 2,000 miles each, as indicated on the accompanying map.\n\n2. That the wireless system employed be that involving the generation of radio-telegraphic energy by thermionic valves.\n\n3. That the service of communication between Leafield and Cairo by Poulsen arcs, shortly to be in operation by the Post Office, be the first link in the chain of communication with the British communities in Africa, and that this communication be continued by a valve station near Nairobi, in East Africa, and by the alteration of the ex-German station at Windhuk to a valve station, to complete the connection with the Union of South Africa,\n\n4. That for communication with India, the Far East, and Australia, valve stations be erected in England, near Cairo, at Poona (or other Indian station), at Singapore, at Hong Kong, and in Australia at Port Darwin or Perth,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 499190, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-487 - Others & Individuals - 1924", "page_number": 299, "title": "CO129-487 - Others & Individuals - 1924", "content_text": "239\n\ncommuniqué of that date, of which copies have been supplied to you, certain restrictions which had caused difficulty were removed and the withdrawal of others in January 1925 was foreshadowed. In September 1923 there were about 180,000 receiving licences, and this number has now risen to over 820,000. Generally speaking, the Postmaster General is of opinion that if local conditions permit, a simple scheme such as that recommended by the Broadcasting Committee in their Report of the 23rd August 1923 is most likely to be successful. In the present proposals, apparently several broadcasting stations are contemplated; but it seems doubtful whether at such a place as Hong Kong there would be room for more than one station. If only one station were provided, it would seem desirable to take steps to prevent the establishment of a monopoly, e.g., by the formation of a separate Company somewhat of the type of the British Broadcasting Company representing all the interests concerned.\n\nAs regards the suggested addition to the Telegraphic Messages Ordinance of Hong Kong so as to secure copyright for all news transmitted by wireless, I am to say that no special statutory enactment on this point is in force in this country, and any question of copyright in regard to news forwarded by wireless would fall to be dealt with under the general law as to copyright. I am, however, to draw attention to the Agreement with the British Broadcasting Company concerning the broadcasting of news and general information, which is appended to the original Licence to that Company (Command Paper 1822 of 1923), and to say that an Agreement somewhat on these lines with any Company licensed to undertake broadcasting would go far to secure the object underlying the Regulation suggested by Reuter's correspondent at Hong Kong.\n\nIt should perhaps be mentioned that the British Broadcasting Company are not satisfied with the existing copyright legislation so far as it affects broadcasting, and that the Comptroller, Industrial Property Department, Board of Trade, is in communication with the Company and other interests concerned as regards various proposals for extending the copyright laws to cover the new conditions created by the establishment of wireless broadcasting services. The Postmaster General understands that there are many other copyright problems involved and that it is doubtful whether any fresh legislation on the subject will be introduced in the near future.\n\nWith regard to the other question referred to in Despatch No. 138, I am to observe that there would not appear to be any objection to the Colonial Government entering into an Agreement with Reuter's for the distribution of news received by wireless in the Colony. The only news messages at present broadcast from this country are the British Official wireless messages which are transmitted via Leafield on behalf of the Foreign Office. It is doubtful whether the Leafield station is sufficiently powerful to admit of the regular reception of those messages in the Colony; but this deficiency will be remedied on the completion of the new super-power Government station in course of erection at Rugby.\n\nReuter's correspondent seems to be under the impression that it would be necessary to await the completion of the high power wireless station contemplated at Hong Kong before it would be possible to arrange for the reception of European news. Probably, however, there would be little difficulty in arranging for the reception of news messages broadcast from the Rugby Station (when completed) by means of an existing receiving station at Hong Kong. Acknowledgment of their receipt would be required.\n\nI am, Sir,\nYour obedient Servant,\nW. Bonn", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-487 - Others & Individuals - 1924.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 502053, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "page_number": 300, "title": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "content_text": "The available information about these stations is as follows:-\n\nSuva. If the proposals described in B(7) in the preceding Memorandum materialise, it is probable that the Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia) Ltd. will enlarge or replace the existing station at Suva so as to provide communication from the Fiji Islands to Australia and New Zealand.\n\nGeisers Hill, Halifax. Station under construction for the American Publishers Committee, for direct working with New York and Leafield, England. Station to have valve plant of 25 K.W. power. Admiralty have asked Canadian Government officially whether this station will be available for Naval needs in war time.\n\nVelia Bay.\n\n(a) 1200 to H.M. ships. 8 K.W. Telefunken plant.\n\n(b) Commercial traffic with ships only.\n\n(c) Telegraph Dept, Union Govt.\n\n(d) Small.\n\n(e) Not known.\n\n(f) No.\n\nChristmas Island.\n\n(a) 800.\n\n(b) Restricted ship-shore service, and point-to-point with Singapore Radio.\n\n(c) Very small.\n\n(d) Christmas Island Phosphate Co.\n\n(e) Not known.\n\n(f) No.\n\nPenang.\n\n(a) 3501.\n\n(b) Ship-shore and point-to-point with Kuching.\n\n(c) Not known.\n\n(d) Straits Settlement's Govt.\n\n(e) Not own.\n\n(f) No.\n\nKuching.\n\n(a) 500*.\n\n(b) Ship-shore, and point-to-point with Singapore, Penang, Jesselton, Kudat etc.\n\n(c) Heavy.\n\n(d) Local Govt.\n\n(e) Not known.\n\n(f) No.\n\nPage 300\n\nPage 301", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]