[ { "id": 217360, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-003 - Foreign Office - 1843", "page_number": 98, "title": "CO129-003 - Foreign Office - 1843", "content_text": "heal Chinese \n\nto Chinon Officine, who are reside beyond the Come to \n\nчеледе \n\nWhatever \n\nEaton \n\nThe \n\nbe this difloratio \n\nrecommending \n\nthis concesion. \n\nford Stanley alperhand that it cannot \n\nLow \n\nfaut to be attended with much \n\ntheoretical \n\nFiftiently. \n\nmust free: \n\n- tical sconvenience. If it had been \n\nCombel & the \n\nwhich Chinese \n\nC6.20 \n\n& ffenens \n\nwene, \n\nabcrnce, the Agents \n\nand the sufferers, the invasion \n\nthe \n\ngeneral principles of Law wont have \n\nbeer \n\nlife considerable, though, \n\nthat \n\nہے۔ مجھے ا کی قسم \n\nt-work, according \n\nEuropean maxins and usager \n\na great anomaly that t' an offence. \n\ncommitted within the precincts, and againts the Law, of an Independent \n\nCountry \n\nThe should be bied in Ohio Counti \n\nof another \n\nLoka \n\nby \n\nCla \n\ncip \n\nCounty \n\nBut suppose the \n\ncon mittiel \n\njoculty \n\nChinese and Englishman, or the \n\nf \n\nChinese againet \n\nMe ol \n\nimal the person, or proferty, \n\nt \n\n{. \n\nof an Engholman, this branifer of the \n\nJurisdiction la Chunice \n\nOpens \n\npeurs resident. \n\nin Chania moral be attended with \n\nvery serions enbanagement. The Eegheit \n\nOffender \n\nIt \n\n271.2. CALE \n\nمیسر ہو ہے۔ ہر و \n\nthe subjection to the \n\nZibunal. \n\nas his feltom Criminals. The Euglich \n\nsufferer in the other \n\nontestantivile. the vinjering, \n\nimpartial. \n\nFraign \n\ninfections of whichs no \n\nCourt, in the \"jusiai reliance \n\nfustin d. reasonably be placed \n\nand Law might regard \n\nActions, which un \n\nام \n\nConfectar! \n\nbe regarded by \n\nA. \n\nhighly Penal, might \n\nthe Law of \n\nChina \n\nvery different light. The words Murder, Robbing, Rafe. Arson and \n\nthe rest employed by bis 4. Pollenges \n\nmay, \n\nberkahs have commen \n\nhave convertible Came \n\non the Chinese Language: but the \n\nin herbaball \n\nBo such \n\nalmost to \n\nThe \n\nsingafubitelji \n\nthat \n\ncandy theme, as wend by de \n\ntwo halions, don't be defined by \n\nboth in the same \n\nThen the \n\nچین و ر کے \n\nBay.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-003 - Foreign Office - 1843.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 219049, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-006 - Sir John Davis - 1844", "page_number": 375, "title": "CO129-006 - Sir John Davis - 1844", "content_text": "reply from the Board. ( of punishments) \n\nthe heinous crime \n\nAs for \n\nin the open sea., \n\nthis \n\nSaving \n\ncan \n\narrives. \n\nof robbing and killing only be tried after \n\nbeen transmitted to the Provincial. \n\nfity, and I the Governor shall provvente in \n\nperson, and then \n\nrequest. \n\nA \n\ndeath warrant \n\nand have (the criminals) executed frimatãe. ought therefore. \n\nto wait until he is \n\nconfronted with all the other offenders, and his evidence as authenticated by the authorities that judged him, is forwarded- in detail to the Provincial- judge, who having again investigated.. the matter and found no differener, \n\ndifference, will send the same \n\nto be cxamined by \n\nIn.... \n\nme the Governor in \n\nconjunction with the Lieut Governor, and : \n\nthen the sentence for execution will be \n\npassed.. \n\nThis is the \n\nreason. \n\nof their not \n\nhaving been immediately punished \n\nI am deeply grieved to hear of the \n\narmed \n\narmed. bands of robbers who have repeatedly committed. such extensive depredations, and they must be instantly seized. with- severity and rigidly punished, in order to purify the fountry \n\nYour late fommunication does not distinctly state whether or not fhungchow joins to Honghong, and whether it ought to be under the jurisdiction. of your \n\nHonorable Nation or is situated \n\n? When \n\noutside the island of Hongkong, and under the Government of the fentral - Empire- I the Great Minister went to Macao, I did. \n\nnot \n\nbring \n\na \n\nchart with me, so that I have \n\nno proof. I have therefore given orders to Admiral. Lae to institute full- \n\ninvestigation to seize \n\nthis affair- \n\nmanage \n\nwith strictness and \n\nWhilst sending this previous \n\ncommunication, I wish much \n\nyou \n\nhappenese \n\n", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-006 - Sir John Davis - 1844.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 219844, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844", "page_number": 304, "title": "CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844", "content_text": "E \n\n#t. heinous crime of robbing and \n\nin the \n\nopen sea \n\nthis can \n\ned \n\nA \n\nMilling only be bried after having been brand to the Provincial Eity, and I the Governs shall prosecute in peron, and then request a death worant and have the criminals) cuculid. \n\nexcuted. Chintal ought therefore to wait until he is compronted with all the other offenders, and his evidence as authenticated, by to a indeed hive, is forwarded in detail to the Provincini Judze, who on having ago w thesticated the matter and found no difference, will send the same to be examined by me the Governor in conjunction with the Ficut: Governor \n\nthen the sentence for evention to be passed. This is the reason \n\nand \n\nvities that \n\nthis not having been immediatly punished. \n\ndeeply grieved \n\nof \n\nthe \n\nI \n\nto hear \n\nA \n\n8 bands of robbers wh \n\nI ove \n\nrepeatedly \n\n`tted such extensive 2: predations, and \n\nthey must be instantly seized with severity sigidly punished, in order to fucky the \n\nand \n\nbuntry. \n\nYour Late sumunication does not aistinelly state whether or not flanzehow press to the Hong, and whether it oust to be mider the jurisdiction of your \n\nhe norable Nation, or is situated outside the island \n\nof Honghong, and under the Government the Central Empire? When I, the Great Minister went to Macas, I did not bring \n\nhart with me, \n\nthat I have no \n\nů \n\nfreef. I have the ofere given orders to \n\nAd cat lae to institute full \n\ninvest ction to sexze with strictness and \n\nthis affair. \n\nIna. \n\nafe. \n\nWhilst sensing this previous ication, I wish you much \n\nhappiness, \n\nand this is the \n\nprincipal object \n\nof the \n\nmunication & dised E. \n\nthey", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 222522, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-014 - Public Offices - 1845", "page_number": 180, "title": "CO129-014 - Public Offices - 1845", "content_text": "Four\n\nin Ci\n\nWe therefore make known this lucid proclamation, and if in future native villains dare to seek strife, insult, fight and beat inoffensive strangers who mind their business and observe the law, or on seeing their property, form a plan for robbing them to obtain booty, they shall be most severely brought to trial as soon as they are discovered. Respect this implicitly.\n\nSpecial Proclamation.\n\nTrue Translation\n\n(Signed) Charles Gutzlaff, Chinen Secretary\n\nTrue copy\n\nAdam M. Purahia.\n\nTrue copy\n\nNo.62.\n\nSie,\n\nForeign Office.\n\n8.1845.\n\n179\n\nI have read with much concern the particulars of the assault on Vice Consul Jackson and his companion as reported in your despatch No.50 of the 4th of April; but it is satisfactory to find that the Chinese Authorities exerted themselves for the detection and punishment of the offenders.\n\nIt would certainly be desirable to obtain free access to the City of Canton, and I am prepared to caution your attempts in that respect. Much prudence, however, will be required.\n\nSin J. J. Davis\n\nTo\n\nKeren\n\nPage 180\n\nPage 181", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-014 - Public Offices - 1845.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 225265, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-020 - Sir John Davis - 1847 [5-8]", "page_number": 143, "title": "CO129-020 - Sir John Davis - 1847 [5-8]", "content_text": "and the boat seized.\n\nA. A. M. 121⁄2 February, 1847. A schooner lying off the opposite shore, was boarded by a number of armed men, who wounded two Europeans in charge and plundered the vessel.\n\n25th March 1847. A schooner lay unprotected off Lower Bazaar, armed with muskets.\n\n2. A. M. 27th March 1847. Five men in a sampan came on shore near the Western Market, but being observed by a Constable, they jumped overboard and escaped, leaving the sampan which contained oil, spirits and other articles, supposed to have been stolen.\n\nMarch, 1847. A Chinese junk was boarded off Lower Bazaar by a number of men, several of whom were Europeans, representing themselves as Police, who robbed the vessel.\n\n7 P. M. 9th April 1847. A large junk was boarded and robbed of about one thousand dollars by about twenty-three men, of whom apparently Portuguese represented themselves as Police.\n\n1. A. M. 18th May, 1847. About twenty men landed on the jetty in front of Mr. Fletcher's house, Queen's Road, supposed with intention of robbing the Ordnance Store; being perceived, they returned to their boat and escaped.\n\n7. P.M. 6th June, 1847. A salt-junk lying off Messrs Jardine and Matheson's, was boarded and robbed of three hundred dollars and other property by about twenty men, four of whom were Europeans, apparently Portuguese, who represented themselves as Police.\n\n8 P.M. 11th June 1847. A cutter lying off P…", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-020 - Sir John Davis - 1847 [5-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 227550, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-026 - Bonham - 1848 [9-12]", "page_number": 244, "title": "CO129-026 - Bonham - 1848 [9-12]", "content_text": "4) Junks. I could not distinguish the men in the junk, it was Su Jark. After this first stone was thrown, the gentlemen spoke again to the junkmen; the only words that could understand that the junkmen said were that \"sti pow\" (small gun) but I cannot say whether this was said before or after the stones were thrown, but told the gentlemen that the junkmen said \"They keep small gun fire.\" Some of the gentlemen wanted to go on board the junk. Mr May took the helm to steer the boat to the junk. Two of the gentlemen did not want to go to the junk; there was only one man pulling at the time; and the other boat-people went into the stern of our boat, as we were afraid. We were close enough to these junks to enable me to recognize them again. I saw about twenty men on board the junk; I only saw the upper parts of the men's bodies; could not say if they had pikes in their hands. After this we came ashore at Gibb's wharf; in our boat were two men, one woman, and a boy. There were no junks within fourteen feet of these two junks. When I came ashore I came with Mr Muir to the Police Station; Mr Muir got the Policemen, and went down to the Bank wharf; I went in the Police-boat with Mr Mair; we went to the two junks, the same junks which threw the stones at us. We got within about seventy feet of the junks; the Lukong in the Police-boat said something in the Pokeen or Tib-tchieu dialect. The Lukong said at the time he spoke in Tila-tchien. The Police-boat had a light which she showed; there were no Chinese characters on this lantern. The junkmen did not say anything; they were making a noise on board the junks; the junkmen then threw more than ten stones at us; we then returned, and Mr Mair and two other gentlemen came off again with me in a Chinese boat; the Police went before us.\n\n(11)\n\nmy boat next. Mr May's boat had no interpreter in her. I heard the men in the junks sing out \"Pha, p'ha.\" I called out as loud as I could (for fear of the junks being Pokeen boats and strangers) \"Do not fire.\" The breeze at this time was fresh, and we were to leeward of the junks; my boat showed a lantern. The junks then fired single shots; I could not say by the report if the guns were loaded; our boats returned the fire. Mr May's boat got alongside; I saw something go over the bows of Mr May's boat, and someone said, \"There's a man overboard.\" Mr May's boat backed down, and told us to cease firing; the men in the junk still continued to use the words \"Lo hu-p'ha, p'ha,\" \"Police devils-fight, fight,\" (or beat, or strike); we then dropped astern, and waited for May's return from the Cambrian. While waiting, an English boat pulled up; found it was a guard-boat. The officer asked me what was the matter; I told him; he returned to the Cambrian. When Mr May came the junks and then we followed; I came ashore in a man-of-war's boat, and on landing wanted to take the Chinamen's tails together that came ashore in her, and found only one or two had tails. I asked, \"How is this?\" when one of the sailors said, \"Here's one of them,\" pulling out a tail from the breast of his shirt. The two men who died at the Station were not any of those men I came ashore with. One of them was brought by a Police-boat, the other man was found the sailors bringing up the Queen's Road; he was quite naked; and seven other prisoners were with him. I escorted them to the station, and took the wounded man to the station Hospital; the boat he came in was one of the cutters; there was an officer in charge of the boat.\n\nD. R. CALDWELL.\n\nDANIEL RICHARD CALDWELL re-examined.--When Mr May left me to go to the man-of-war, he told me to wait till he came back, and watch the boats; he did not give me any other orders.\n\nD. R. CALDWELL.\n\n(16)\n\nJAMES HANWAY PLUMRIDGE sworn,--I am senior officer of H. M. Naval forces in China. On Sunday evening last I was informed by the officer of the watch that Mr May came on board the Cambrian, and made a complaint that some junkmen had been assaulting one gentleman; that his authority was called in question; and that the junkmen would not allow him to come on board; and threatened to fire, and did fire, at him. I sent for Captain Morris, and told what I have stated, and told him to get the boats hoisted out and prepared. He proposed to send a boat or two; I told him No, to send all the boats; not to take the large guns, but to see that they were all armed. These boats I ordered to go in three divisions--the launch, pinnace, and barge; the two cutters and Jolly boat were astern of them and a boat astern of each large boat. I sent for Lieutenant Lloyd, told him of the nature of the complaint that was made, and desired him to back the police, and take any or all of the men on board of the junks and give them in charge of the police. The reason of my sending so large a force was to prevent a loss of life, that the Chinese might submit without resistance when they saw the force. I finished by saying to Mr Lloyd,\n\nWhen you get to the junks, you will divide your boats in two divisions, and you will board on the quarter and opposite quarter; you will board sword in hand; if there is any doubt about the junks, bring them off, and we will anchor them one under each bow of the ship. After the boats had gone, after some time, one boat returned with six Chinese; I told them to take them ashore to the Police, not to let them on board. The reason of my wish for the boats to board was for fear the junks should have cut their cables and gone away; to prevent which I had guns trained aft, and would have fired into them had they attempted to get away. I gave an officer a couple of blue lights, and told him to burn them, in case they did not receive a resistance was made. This signal was not made, because they did receive a resistance was made.\n\n...\n\n(17)\n\nJ. HANWAY PLUMRIDGE.\n\nANDY WILLIAM CHAPMAN WISE sworn,--I am Acting Second Master on Board H. M. S. Cambrian. On Sunday evening last, I was in command of the second cutter under Lieutenant Lloyd. [Gives similar evidence to Lieutenant Lloyd as to the attack and boarding.] When I boarded I saw no Chinese; but I saw our men leading up some prisoners from below. The first men were passed into the second cutter; there were seven of them. I did not see any cutlasses or bayonets used on the deck of the small junk; do not know what took place below. I saw several Chinese jump into the water; there was one that I went after; he was wounded in the shoulder when I picked him up; he was swimming; I think he had a pair of trousers on; I secured his hands and laid him down in the bottom of the boat; I think this man's wound was from a musket bullet. I took the prisoners first on board the Cambrian, and was then told to take them to the Station. There were no shots fired from my boat at any Chinese in the water. After the boarding I heard firing; also heard firing down into the hold of the junk, from her deck. I was in the cutter at this time. I landed the prisoners down to the westward. I saw one or two shots fired either by the Police or our men from the junk at the men in the water.\n\n(18)\n\nW. C. WISE.\n\nROBERT ELLIOT sworn,--I am a midshipman on board H. M. ship Cambrian. On Sunday evening I was in the pinnace under the command of Lieutenant Lloyd; we had the second cutter in tow, and were to board the outward of the two junks after the two signals as previously agreed on were fired. All the boats cheered and gave way alongside; the Chinese fired four or five ginjals, and some small arms; immediately they fired we fired about twenty muskets; we fired in the direction where we saw fire from the junks;\n\nQuestioned by Mr Shortrede--In the junks after we boarded, I saw no Chinese cut down with cutlasses. After we boarded, I heard about eight or nine shots fired at the men in the water; cannot say whether they were fired by the Police or our boats. The reason of the large force I took was in consequence of what I heard the first time from the Police, and after consulting with the Commodore. I did not know at the time that any of the men had their tails cut off. I have since heard such was the case. When I boarded the junk and heard the firing at the people in the water, I sang out as loud as I could to cease firing. None of my men were wounded with shot.\n\nHENRY LLOYD, Lieutenant R.N. H. M. S. Cambrian.\n\n(12)\n\nJOSEPH HENRY JOLLIFFE sworn,--I am first Lieutenant of Marines on board H. M. S. Cambrian. On Sunday evening last, I heard firing ashore. Shortly after Mr May came alongside in the Police-boat; he came on board and spoke to Mr Pulling, the master. In consequence of what he said the boats were ordered out; there were six boats altogether; between twenty-five and thirty marines went in the boats; they had muskets and bayonets; I was in the launch under the command of Lieutenant Lloyd. After we boarded the two junks, some shots were fired from the small junk at something in the water; I was almost certain it was at a man in the water; this shot was fired either by our men or the Police. There were twelve men from the junks put into one of the cutters; Mr Pulling and I were in charge of this cutter. A second cutter under the command of Mr Wise took some more Chinese ashore, and landed lower down than we did; we landed at Mr Bowra's wharf. The Chinese that we brought ashore had blood about them. Coming ashore I saw another Chinaman in the water; we saw him when we shoved off from the junks; I heard one shot fired at this man; there may have been more; this shot either came from a police or man-of-war's boat. Some of the men had their tails cut off; one was cut off in the launch; another I saw cut off in the junk. A seaman cut off these tails in each case; one sailor cut off a tail with his clasp knife; this was in the launch. The prisoners were first handed into the launch and then into the cutter. While the Chinese were in the cutter coming ashore, none of their tails were cut off. I heard on board the vessel that several Chinamen's tails were brought on board the Cambrian; I saw one with Mr Elliot, a midshipman.\n\nQuestioned by Mr Shortrede--After boarding I saw no wounds inflicted by cutlasses. There was nothing said to the junkmen before we boarded them.\n\nJ. H. JOLLIFFE.\n\n(13)\n\nour shot, if any missed, would have gone in the direction of Jardine's. I saw one Chinaman in the water; a Policeman in our boat fired at this man; he struck him; we took the man into the second cutter; I am not positive that the shot was fired from our boat. I got a Chinaman's tail from one of the men on board; he found it in one of the boats.\n\nR. ELLIOT.\n\nJOHN RICKETT sworn,--I heard a ring on Sunday evening last off the Tower Bazaar; went out in the verandah, and just as the last gun was fired, I heard the word \"Lum-chi\" (water-thieves) called out. The sound came from where I heard the ring; the same sound was repeated. After that I went to bed. I was afterwards disturbed, and was told there was firing; after that I thought I heard cheering.\n\nQuestioned by Mr Shortrede--I have been in command of a vessel. Suppose you were in a harbour where a boat came alongside your vessel showing a bright light, and addressing you in a language which you did not understand, would you allow these men, or any of them, to come on board? Certainly not.--Would you, if you thought it necessary to prevent their coming on board, fire at them? I considered that they were thieves and a strong party, and that I could resist them by firing, I would.\n\n1st Lieutenant R. Marines.\n\nWILLIAM BUCHANAN ALEXANDER sworn,--I am a midshipman on board H. M.'s Frigate Cambrian. I was in the launch with Mr Lloyd on Sunday evening last. After I boarded the junks, I saw some shots fired from the junk at some men in the water; I heard, I think, four shots fired either by our men or the police. The jolly-boat under charge of Mr Victor was to look after the men in the water. I saw a Police-boat following me in the water; can't say whether they fired at this man. I did not see any of the Chinamen's tails cut off.\n\nW. B. ALEXANDER, Midshipman.\n\nBy Mr Cairns.--Supposing you were in a part the language of which you did not understand, and that a boat with a light came alongside of your vessel in which an individual speaking a language partially known to you gave you to understand that they were Policemen, would you make the same resistance? No, I should be doubtful what I should do in that case.\n\n(14)\n\nJACOB PHILLIPS sworn,--I live in one of Mr Oswald's houses close to the water. I heard the firing on Sunday evening; it was about three or four hundred yards from my house; this was about eight or quarter past eight. About 11 o'clock we heard another volley, and then a second. I went down to the Pier, and heard the shouting of men, but could not say what it was. I then went down with some friends to Acqui's wharf; heard a shouting of Europeans on board a Chinese vessel, and some shots fired, I think at some men in the water. From the time I heard the volleys until we heard these shots was about half an hour; I heard several balls whistle over my house after the second volley was fired.\n\nJ. PHILLIPS.\n\n(15)\n\nDANIEL RICHARD CALDWELL sworn,--I am Deputy Superintendent of Police. On Sunday night I went with Mr May in the Police-boats to the two junks to take the crews in custody. Mr May's boat was first.\n\n[do in that case]\n\nBy Mr Shortrede--If you had understood that in that part boatmen calling themselves policemen, and in the guise of policemen, were in the habit of boarding such vessels as yours and robbing them, would you resist under these circumstances? I certainly would.\n\n(20)\n\nJNO. RICKETT.\n\nThursday, 19th October.\n\nCHARLES MAY sworn,--I am Superintendent of Police. On Sunday evening last, Deputy Inspector Ryan informed me that Mr Mair and some other gentlemen had been to the Station and made a complaint, that while passing in a small boat in the harbour, a junk threw stones at them. Mr Ryan said he sent a Police-boat with two European Constables and a Chinese interpreter, Poon-chow, in order that the head-men of the junk might be brought to the Station; and came from this boat for further orders, as the Police had stones thrown at them--which orders Mr Ryan came to me to receive. I came to the Station and made more particular inquiries about the case, and ordered two other boats to be manned.\n\n...\n\n297", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-026 - Bonham - 1848 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 236788, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-051 - Sir Bowring - 1855 [7-9]", "page_number": 269, "title": "CO129-051 - Sir Bowring - 1855 [7-9]", "content_text": "These must do their duty as well as they can. Love received.\n\nClashing robbing & innocent teams.\n\n5. As the Melisand Juncha, I have made an\n\ninnate observation that it is a way\n\nWhere is Money another pater.\n\ndewith thing... e til if too fan ofte desaging the\n\nI should say\n\nI think the Clary the\n\nexpense of woods scrutiny exposed un-\n\nI may\n\nkaline-\n\nby the expense of the pepere at of the Cureton-\n\n6. The pretend the Heim Best Faining\n\nseen there ben das freed of\n\nM.8.20.\n\ntrong trong\n\n264\n\nNo Labouchere\n\nThe colony of\n\nHong Kong\n\nwas acquired\n\nare aware at the conclusion of\n\nthe\n\nin 1843.\n\nIt was ceded by China\n\nIt Act 627 d.\n\nC. Done for the better\n\nGovernment of HM's\n\nsubjects in China\n\n421\n\nthen\n\n\"1\n\n1\n\nA\n\nlaw passed; and\n\nmandates away\n\nother things that laws\n\nfor the regulation", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-051 - Sir Bowring - 1855 [7-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 239513, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10]", "page_number": 151, "title": "CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10]", "content_text": "List of 24 Chinese Convicts transported to Singapore by the British Ships Speedy on the 11th August 1856\n\n \n Crime\n Term of Transportation\n Remarks\n \n \n Embezzlement, Piracy\n 14 years\n ...\n \n \n Robbery with wounding\n Life\n Receiving good spiritedly\n \n \n Robbing with arms\n 14 years\n ...\n \n \n Robbery with wounding\n Life\n ...\n \n \n ...\n 15 years\n ...\n \n \n ...\n 15 years\n ...\n \n \n Robbery\n ...\n ...\n \n \n ...\n 20 years\n ...\n \n \n ...\n Life\n ...\n \n\nColonial Secretary's Offices, Victoria, Hongkong, 9th September, 1856.\n\nPage ...\n\n // Removed as per instructions, no page number information is directly available.\n\nRevised to meet the exact output format required:\n\nList of 24 Chinese Convicts transported to Singapore by the British Ships Speedy on the 11th August 1856\n\nCrime\nEmbezzlement. Piracy\nRobbery with wounding\nRobbing with arms\nRobbery with wounding\n\nTerm of Transportation\n14 years\nLife\n14 years\nLife\n15 years\n15 years\n\nColonial Secretary's Offices, Victoria, Hongkong, 9th September, 1856.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 247102, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-073 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Bowring - 1859 [1-5]", "page_number": 405, "title": "CO129-073 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Bowring - 1859 [1-5]", "content_text": "shop to Hum Nee dated 2 moon!\n\n30 day, no year, of different amounts received and capital money of $589 received from the latter.\n\nA paper from the owners of opium shop soliciting Kumkéi's interference on behalf of two men charged with robbing Mr. Gibb of silk.\n\nEntries in a rough memorandum book: 11 day 4 moon 1855 - 1 picul of rice to Mr. Caldwell.\n\nNext day sold to a man nicknamed Lei fo mook, 2 cannon.\n\n12 day 5 moon. 400 cash watching a mandarin boat.\n\n26 day 2 geeno lent.\n\n26 day 4 mo: paid on account.\n\nBook of Wongkow man of a For Boat $130 to Mr. Caldwell.\n\n27 day lent to Wongkow man $100. This boat divided into four shares, of which Wong Ake owns one (this is written in the book).\n\nSeveral second entries: paid on account of gunpowder, shot, European liquors.\n\nReceived from Atakow $10 steamer money.\n\nEntry: Steamer $17.\n\n21 day sixth month received from Mr. Caldwell $17.\n\nReceived by the...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-073 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Bowring - 1859 [1-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 247125, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-073 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Bowring - 1859 [1-5]", "page_number": 428, "title": "CO129-073 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Bowring - 1859 [1-5]", "content_text": "May's Memoranda\n\nbetween\n\nExplanatory Remarks\n\n112. May's Memoranda\n\nprocured the forged register, from\n\nprincipal\n\nbalance 296 detailing difference between the printed amounts against the end capital money of # 589\n\nthe tire in\n\nü\n\ncinema:\n\nEqual shares.\n\nof money received apparently for the Sunon people from Less to Sony 109, for cash, also showing payment to different people\n\nJany\n\nin small accounts, and\n\none\n\nв\n\ndue.\n\n- wong for its purchase - received from\n\nNot recollected by\n\nby\n\nman named \"Mak - tye\n\nthe present time\n\nman in particular\n\nin Extory :\n\nnoter triad Mak\n\nlize\n\nA paper purchase money for buying Military rank,\n\na memo.\n\nAl memo\n\no from the sy\n\nby loing. shop to hum Kee dated 2\n\nmoon 20\n\nday no year of different amounts received\n\nthe Colony\n\nthe latter..\n\nA paper from the\n\nin the\n\n& prein the's soliciting Rum Kee's interference on behalf of the even as a wide robbing me Gibt of so\n\nreredet De\n\nnot recollected by ?\n\nNot recollected by \"\n\nThis By Long Hop\n\nwhich mach chour wong\n\nume\n\nת\n\nEntries in\n\nL...\n\nExplanatory Remarks .\n\n\"Brak. chow.\n\n425\n\nI believe\n\nthat this particular item were used\n\nin evidence at Blue Court, as it was important to exhurt That Mach-churer-\n\nwing\n\n37.\n\nan\n\nwas partic.\n\nAce secondary witness. frag\n\nchanger entry.\n\nsilk.\n\nrough\n\nEmen\n\nlo\n\nmu\n\na\n\ncondum book #1 day\n\n855.1 pient of\n\nMr Caldwell. ~\n\nHad\n\nIt metre\n\nsaid to a man\n\ngre •\n\n(car\n\nitem 15.\n\nbut I have only\n\nimperfect recollection of the\n\nThe tin\n\nmen cru\n\ntried at Asume Court and concreted\n\nNot recollected by:\n\nMic\n\nday\n\nmich named Zei\n\nLei-fo\n\nmook.\n\nHe Decondary cardince. item 1\n\nI cannon.\n\nday\n\nfaith\n\n5 moon 100 Ecuti\n\nban watching\n\ncond the principal incenes of whi\n\nLice\n\ntriid and conercted with boat.\n\na mandarin\n\nmah", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-073 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Bowring - 1859 [1-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 253131, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-085 - Sir Robinson - 1862 [1-4]", "page_number": 214, "title": "CO129-085 - Sir Robinson - 1862 [1-4]", "content_text": "## 212\n\nTo Death. The case was an exceedingly bad one, the crews of three armed boats having fanatically seized the British brig \"Imogen\" on the high seas, and, after robbing her of the most valuable part of her cargo, severely wounding the Captain and seamen, set fire to the brig, having first made large holes in the bottom along her keel, and taking with them either seven or eight of the crew. Either seven lives were lost, the ship being burnt to the water's edge, and the crew compelled to trust themselves to a poor raft and floating booms from which some of them were washed into the sea and drowned.\n\n(signed) W. H. Adams, \nChief Justice. \n\nMAlexander \nActing Colonial Secretary.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-085 - Sir Robinson - 1862 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 259262, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-098 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [4-5]", "page_number": 362, "title": "CO129-098 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [4-5]", "content_text": "355\n\nT\n\n. \n\ndays I passed along \n\nalong the coast searching the bays. All the drinks and fishermen \n\nI spoke gave information of three \n\nnow at \n\nCanton lonchas having passed up The Coasts robbing and ill-treating people and of their being Terry- the bay I reached the latter at daylight and from aloft some \n\nInks mast-heads were seen over \n\nover \n\nthe bar \n\nof \n\nlow sand- hills. After steaming three miles and getting a river we discovered eight Carton lorchas moored one or two had old \"Grandchops' and two or three a little salt and three had no papers whatever. They were all numerously manned and full of arms and \n\nstinkpots. \n\nI seized the three which appeared undoubtedly pirates and took them to this place giving the others the benefit of the doubt. I handed 33 prisoners over to the Mandarins and they \n\nwere tried yesterday and 28 (some of whom were previously Known) will be beheaded : \n\nto day. \n\nThe pirates \n\nare very \n\nbold \n\nhere: yesterday they cut a junk out within three miles of the town. \n\n/ Signed. / T. S. Gooch \n\nLient: and Commander.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-098 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [4-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 259460, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-099 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [6-8]", "page_number": 110, "title": "CO129-099 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [6-8]", "content_text": "I Sergeant. Henry Robert Jones with one \n\nand \n\nat 8:30 am. \n\nHulk Royal \n\nfive Chinese Police left Convict for Hong Kong in Police duti\n\nSascon\n\n(Signed) Sergt. H. R. Jones\n\nThe Superintendent\n\nConvict Hulk.\n\nཡཾ ཏསཙ ཏྭཾ, ཝིཏྟཾ,3\n\nAPPLICATIONS FOR LEAVE, &c.\n\nREPORT OF OCCURRENCES, MISCONDUCT OF CONSTABLES,\n\nLe Sist\n\nPrisoners\n\nof\n\nMas\n\nNames\n\nescaped from Stone Cutters' Island, 21st April, 1864.\n\n \n Crime\n Age\n Sentence\n Years\n Months\n Nature\n Date of Sentencer\n Remarks\n \n \n P. S. 184\n January\n 1812\n \n \n H. L.\n 18 November 1862\n P.S. 18th January 1834.\n \n \n \n \n \"\n \n \n \"\n 19th August 1862\n Dr.\n \n \n D\n \n 18th March 1863\n \n \n 24th April\n 19th\n \n \n \n \"\n 1862\n 19th August 1861\n \n \n 20 January 1863\n \n \n \n \n \"\n \n 19th June 1881\n \n \n 20th May\n \n \n \n \n \"\n 1882\n \n \n \n 1199-hour- 18th Dec\n 118th Janry [18+ Augnet 1863]\n 18th defect.\n \n \n 12016\n 1844\n \n \n \n 184\n \n \n \n \n 19\n 2013 April\n \n \n \n 1.2. pat May.\n \n \n \n \n محمد پر\n \n \n \n \n جو بھی\n \n \n \n \n 1\n 18th Note\n \"\n \n \n 1856\n \n \n \n \n 1863\n 18th Sept 1862\n 22nd April 1863\n \n \n 118th Nov.\n \n \n \n \n Stoten\n in a\n \n \n \n goods and Escape\n dwelling horse\n \n \n \n Receiving\n Larceny!\n \n \n \n Sareiny Pirney\n \n \n \n \n 26 Chang\n \n \n \n \n 28 Ng\n \n \n \n \n 33\n ü\n \n \n \n You\n a Hoe\n \n \n \n 24\n \n \n \n \n 34 Chun a choong\n \n \n \n \n 24\n \n \n \n \n 49 800 a poe\n \n \n \n \n 18\n \n \n \n \n 57 Chun a Sum\n \n \n \n \n 21\n \n \n \n \n 14\n \n \n \n \n 30\n \n \n \n \n Robbery\n \n \n \n \n 25\n \n \n \n \n 78 Wong a Kwie\n 80 Sov a toing i yat,\n \n \n \n до\n \n \n \n \n Hoo\n a\n \n \n \n 101 gifs Kain chay\n \n \n \n \n 103 Cheing a lun\n \n \n \n \n 106 Choing a broy\n \n \n \n \n 20\n \n \n \n \n 36\n \n \n \n \n 107 Cheong Mom Ches\n 23\n \n \n \n 112 Chin a no\n \n \n \n \n 119 Yip a Fam\n \n \n \n \n 1/20 Wim so king.\n \n \n \n \n 121 Cheany a loc\n \n \n \n \n 122 Sone\n a lies\n \n \n \n 123 Soro fork can\n \n \n \n \n [124 Chu Nice seen\n \n \n \n \n and Escape\n \n \n \n \n Do\n \n \n \n \n House breaking and Larceny\n \n \n \n \n and assault with wounding\n \n \n \n \n Kobling from the person and Mounding\n \n \n \n \n Sarceny of Queen's stoves\n \n \n \n \n Smeing\n \n \n \n \n mi a\n \n \n \n \n befail\n \n \n \n \n Prisey and Wounding Dr.\n \n \n \n \n and Hobbery\n Alsmelt with intent to rob.\n \n \n \n Robbery from the peroon.\n \n \n \n \n Do with Munding\n \n \n \n \n D. from the person\n \n \n \n \n Rape\n \n \n \n \n Peracy and Murder\n \n \n \n \n a a\n \n \n \n \n 4\n 5\n 4\n \n \n 15\n \n \n \n \n \"J\n \n \n \n \n 4\n \n \n \n \n 10\n \n \n \n \n \"\n \n \n \n \n \"\n \n \n \n \n 16\n \n \n \n \n 3\n \n \n \n \n 110 Yip a own\n \n \n \n \n 22\n \n \n \n \n 22\n \n \n \n \n 6\n \n \n \n \n 117\n \n \n \n \n Wong\n \n \n \n \n Yeal\n \n \n \n \n 24\n \n \n \n \n 3\n \n \n \n \n 118 Semy\n \n \n \n \n 18\n \n \n \n \n R\n \n \n \n \n 15\n \n \n \n \n 21\n \n \n \n \n 15\n \n \n \n \n 21\n \n \n \n \n 37\n \n \n \n \n | Robbing\n \n \n \n \n 22\n \n \n \n \n 20\n \n \n \n \n Burglary with Violence.\n \n \n \n \n Burglary\n \n \n \n \n in a dwelling honse\n \n \n \n \n 16′′\n \n \n \n \n 7\n \n \n \n \n 20\n \n \n \n \n 7\n \n \n \n \n 15\n \n \n \n \n Do.\n \n \n \n \n 10\n \n \n \n \n 126 Chrony a\n \n \n \n \n king\n \n \n \n \n 32\n \n \n \n \n 130\n \n \n \n \n 129 Chorny\n \n \n \n \n a\n \n \n \n \n ching a yee\n \n \n \n \n 132 Chemy a fork\n \n \n \n \n 126 Cheang a Kivony\n \n \n \n \n 137\n \n \n \n \n Lee\n a\n \n \n \n 28.\n \n \n \n \n 29\n \n \n \n \n 31\n \n \n \n \n 22\n \n \n \n \n Savenny\n \n \n \n \n chry\n \n \n \n \n 22\n \n \n \n \n Sarceny\n Yorghway\n \n \n \n Sarany\n \n \n \n \n Burglary\n \n \n \n \n and Escape\n \n \n \n \n Farceny\n \n \n \n \n hebbery\n \n \n \n \n 3\n \n \n \n \n Buil\n \n \n \n \n C\n \n \n \n \n 10\n \n \n \n \n کھ لاک\n \n \n \n\n284\n\n108\n\n105", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-099 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 259461, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-099 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [6-8]", "page_number": 111, "title": "CO129-099 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [6-8]", "content_text": "Page 363\n\nT06:\n\nSentence\n\nNarres\n\n138 Chun a Wun\n\n1839\n\nImo\n\nLook Chye\n\n140 Cheanum fong\n\n143 Soo a chew\n\nAge\n\n24\n\nbrims\n\nRobbery from the person\n\nAdministering (Drugs\n\nand Robbery.\n\nYears\n\nMouth Nolva\n\n2\n\nPiracy\n\n15\n\n12310 May\n\n1861\n\nDate of Sentences Remarks.\n\n36 L. 19th Janay 1852\n\n27\n\nScreeny in a Boat\n\nZ\n\n146-ademy a fort\n\n415\n\nPiracy and Mundu\n\n15-\n\nsub Kiving a pring\n\n16\n\nRobbery from the person\n\n6\n\n20th\n\n184\n\n197 Jam a King\n\n25\n\nand stealing children-\n\n7\n\nH.L.\n\n1914 November 1862\n\n4 dejtenbu 1800 |\n\n19th March\n\n1861\n\n1200\n\n148 Wony a Sorig\n\n18\n\nI arcony in a dwelling house\n\n149 Mong\n\n157 Chave\n\n184 Leory a tuck\n\na lum\n\n30\n\nPiracy a trick\n\n22\n\nRebbery in the Hausber\n\n25\n\nPivney\n\n166 Chun Wai Ling\n\n33\n\n4\n\n161 Boon luck fook\n\n22\n\n167 Wong\n\n162 Mgai a ye\n\nthe fe any\n\nLA\n\n28\n\nStabbing with intent is\n\n10\n\nfork\n\n$2\n\nBurglaryn We and Escape\n\nfeate\n\n40\n\n770\n\nChun tai lai\n\n2.7\n\nPiracy a دارای M ارا\n\n28\n\nRafé\n\n172 Chang 174 Mong chu\n\n30\n\nRobbery with Violence\n\ndangad gangen\n\n1844 Fatman 1813\n\n18 December\n\n104 april\n\n18h Jime\n\n13 December\n\nB..\n\nFound Drowned i\n\n194 Grovenbo\n\n18th Augual\n\n7\n\n7\n\nb\n\n184 March\n\n1821\n\nChun a\n\n177 | Chun Chuen way\n\n178 Chun a\n\n179\n\n181 Chun a\n\n182\n\nWony a you\n\nMong a foo\n\n187 Chime a ling 189 Sow a Son\n\n190 yip\n\nū\n\n192 Wong a ling\n\nmy\n\n26\n\nBurglary\n\n10\n\n28\n\nBiracy\n\nYork\n\nChay\n\n244\n\n28\n\nDo\n\nDr.\n\nching\n\n#5\n\n32\n\nRobbery from the person\n\n18\n\n24\n\ni\n\nKane\n\n28\n\nhing\n\nDivacy\n\n1. Perney Burglary\n\nD.\n\n2\n\n134 October\n\n18h fDccemen 1883\n\n1184 Angust\n\n182 5.\n\ncom April 15h Decembe\n\n8.\n\n184 Dicemiker 1963\n\n2.\n\n4\n\n16\n\n7\n\n10\n\nPigs Siebunang\n\n2013 april\n\nUsagrat gand Afuil\n\nS.\n\n10\n\n38*\n\nSareing in a Bost\n\nG\n\n1154 September 1862\n\nNames\n\nCrime\n\nSentence\n\nyears Months\n\na Vature\n\nDate of Sentence\n\nof\n\nP. 1st April 183\n\n184 May\n\nage\n\n184 Septemba 1863 20th Tammany\n\n182 July\n\n18 Recimon 1802\n\n13 April\n\n182 Suplivalen\n\n18 Decembr\n\n18. $.\n\n18*\n\n18621\n\n1663\n\n14 April 182\n\n197\n\nArigat\n\n1 November 1863\n\n1189. de plomber 192 Girnak sons aferit B-Septembe 18° March\n\nHr. F. 195 Summary\n\n504\n\n18h October\n\nPS. 18 February\n\n19\"\n\nJione\n\n+861\n\n1813\n\n1861\n\n11 Combo 1863\n\nDone april\n\n18th July\n\nDe\n\n198\n\na\n\ntie\n\n4.0\n\nRobbery\n\n201 Wong a key\n\n26\n\n202 See a fuck\n\n17\n\n203 My a Masong\n\n22\n\n210 Seny his toy\n\n32\n\n2/2\n\nMo Thee can\n\n90\n\n2/6 chum a chow\n\n219\n\nMut\n\n18\n\n220 to a cho\n\n2.8\n\n204 Chun a Ling\n\n28\n\n225 Morg a buk\n\n2.0\n\nChild Stealing\n\nin the Harbor\n\nDe from the person with fronding and Robbery\n\nPiracy Robbery from Saromy the few on\n\nAntwo\n\nRobbery with Corm\n\nD.\n\nRobbery in the Harbor Highway Robbery\n\n7744\n\n75\n\n230\n\nHymn alwie\n\n20\n\nBurglary\n\n4\n\n4\n\nthere a chee\n\n42\n\nCherry a hang\n\n271 Chiny a\n\n272 See a sing\n\n973 Suma\n\n261\n\n263\n\nMy unc\n\n270 les a Schoong\n\n232 Choy a tong\n\n236 Mick a tuck\n\n247 Seong 255 Thing\n\n257\n\n258\n\nа\n\nCheang pack Sang\n\nWong a fork\n\nLes a Mu\n\n2.7\n\nRobbery from the person grond #ferrading\n\n40\n\nHiraay\n\n8\n\n10\n\n22\n\nev\n\nPeas.\n\n22\n\nRobbery with brolence\n\n4\n\n26\n\nfrek\n\n25\n\nHighway Robberg\n\nBurglary and Wrom ding\n\nSarvemy of Ineens Stores\n\nLife\n\n28\n\n22.\n\n16\n\n20\n\nyec\n\n27\n\n975 The ah\n\n3.5-\n\nBrought in deads\n\n276 Chim a hum\n\n27\n\n277 Sorng a Jery\n\n23\n\n280 Ch\n\n32\n\nहर\n\n289\n\nFan Mry Chin\n\n11\n\nGoeding and Confederating with Pirates Robbery from the peron\n\nBurg\n\nEx.\n\nLar\n\nRobbing with Armo\n\nPirnay Burglary\n\nPirney\n\n6\n\nD.\n\n12\n\nDud de q\n\n16.\n\n2.90. Seong a\n\n28.\n\nMar\n\n109 101\n\nRemarks.\n\nBrought in deads.\n\nPage 363\n\nPage 363", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-099 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 260330, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-101 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [10-12]", "page_number": 205, "title": "CO129-101 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [10-12]", "content_text": "36.\n\n57\n\n203\n\nthat they\n\nwww\n\nfuriates\n\nand had Killed one\n\nof\n\ntheir number that morning, for having resisted\n\ntheir robbing his boot. I have\n\nno doubt that\n\nthe Rebels will get supplied with arms through\n\nvo\n\nthese\n\njunkis\n\nwho\n\nare able to do anything.\n\n000\n\nthey\n\nare\n\nnot re\n\nrequired\n\nto have\n\nany papers and\n\nmyself that\n\nsimply\n\ntell the Mandarins or\n\nthey are Heonghing boats - All jonks coming\n\nout\n\nof\n\nMacau, Canton or other places are\n\nobliged to have papers, at the former place\n\nthe papers are Portuguese\n\nand state her date\n\nof departure, cargo, crew &c and do all that\n\n...\n\noreqninds. On the 26th I returned to Hong Kong\n\nand the Chinese authorities informed\n\nme\n\nthrough the Interpreter (who accompanied\n\nthe Gunboat) that 30 of the pirates had been condemned and executed. The remainder\n\nof the 58 prisoners\n\nare waiting to be tried, but\n\nprisoners\n\nI hear they have done so much evil as to stand little chance of escaping some punishment.\n\nI returned to this anchorage the same\n\nevening.\n\n(\n\nI have to\n\nSigned) Charles F. Walker\n\nLieut. and Commander", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-101 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 260395, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-102 - Public Offices - 1864", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-102 - Public Offices - 1864", "content_text": "Adm\n\n2303 Hong Kong\n\nIn replying, quote the following\n\nInitial Letters.\n\nAgents - 25 June\n\nMM\n\nRobbins to\n\n11 June 1864\n\ndeference to my letter of 31 July 1864\n\n\"The Public Works Department is directed by higher authority to acquaint you, for the information of the Secretary Cardwell, that the £4.1.0 due to the officers commanding the detachment of Victoria is to be paid to the Chaplain in May, in return for the refreshments provided for the troops on their march from Takoo to Pekin.\" And I am to request that your bill on the Cardwell be forwarded to this office.\n\n[A. M. Robb]\n\nColonial Office", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-102 - Public Offices - 1864.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 267166, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-116 - Sir MacDonnell - 1866 [11-12]", "page_number": 111, "title": "CO129-116 - Sir MacDonnell - 1866 [11-12]", "content_text": "8\n\nC\n\n9\n\n109\n\nSympathy and patience - nor even in nine cases out of ten does it exist - of residents under the British flag, but simply of the refuse population of the opposite Provinces, and Piratical banditti, who hang about the town and harbor. Kidnapping and robbing when a chance presents itself. Hence there is no moral obligation to undertake what would be here a Quixotic task of reforming by law Criminal Code and disciplining the migratory refuse of many millions of Chinese. What need is simply to deter them from coming here at all, and to send them back when they do come in such circumstances as to deter them from returning.\n\n11.\n\nYea, though the actual reform of the criminal is not and cannot constitute here so prominent a concern of the Government as at Home - the very cleanliness, order, and discipline of the Gaol which in those respects under the management of Mr. Douglas may vie with the best conducted establishment in England - does no doubt exercise a useful and improving effect. Nevertheless, though I regard such collateral result with satisfaction, I feel that self preservation is, and must long be the leading principle of the Criminal Code here.\n\n12.\n\nOur dealings with the Chinese have fortunately been greatly simplified by the extreme dislike which the Chinese entertain of...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-116 - Sir MacDonnell - 1866 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 270310, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-123 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [7]", "page_number": 200, "title": "CO129-123 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [7]", "content_text": "fishing junk that we had spotted off there\n\n(\n\n198\n\n-wo-\n\n...\n\nAt first it was very difficult to obtain any sight of her. There was not much wind, the winds were very light. I proceeded in the direction she was last seen in. At 1PM, I again sighted her off the entrance of Mirs Bay and proceeded in chase. When within 4 or 5 miles, the Junk altered her course and stood in for the land about Rocky Harbor, where I came up with her just as she anchored inside an island. The fisherman at once recognised her as his boat, so I found five men, three women, and some children on board (one of the women was wounded by musket balls in two places).\n\nThe fisherman stated that one of the men was his brother who had been taken with women and children in the junk. At first, they were afraid to speak, but at last, they stated that they had been part of a pirate junk that had captured them on the evening of 30th Ultimo. They were afraid to speak at first as they thought it would be impossible to ever escape if they did.\n\nThey gave their evidence and further stated that the private junk which captured them had taken a large junk full of cargo on the evening of the 20 instant, and they thought she had gone to the vicinity of Macao, where the fishing boat was to have joined her.\n\nThe fisherman identified one of the men as having assisted in robbing his boat.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-123 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 273542, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-129 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [1-3]", "page_number": 351, "title": "CO129-129 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [1-3]", "content_text": "cooperation of the Squadron under \nmy \ncommand with \nany competent \nChinese force acting towards the suppression of this evil.\n\nThe Vice Roy expressed much satisfaction, and appeared to be well disposed to avail himself of my offer.\n\n4.\n\nOn introducing the questions of Disarmament and Registration, the Vice Roy stated that he was not prepared at once to issue a general edict for disarmament; believing that it would expose the trader more than ever to piratical attack. He stated that recently when coming down the Coast in weather when fishing could be going on, he observed a number of Junks cruising about, with no other object, in his opinion, than that of robbing the wrecked or distressed.\n\nThe Vice Roy expressed his intention to at once issue an edict disarming all fishing junks, and such as were not traders, a resolve evidently influenced by what he had himself witnessed.\n\nI thought it well to be satisfied with the point of the wedge here inserted. I thanked His Excellency, and expressed my hope that this disarmament of a dangerous class, would in time...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-129 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 275915, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-133 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [10-12]", "page_number": 487, "title": "CO129-133 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [10-12]", "content_text": "483\n\nhave felt for Mr. Robertson on his discovering that he had forwarded such misstatements to Hong Kong by the short route of Peking, and that M. Deane was simply an officer in command of Her Majesty's ship \"Dwarf\" who, in conjunction with the Chinese Authorities, had been ordered to search for supposed Pirates in the neighborhood of Shameen Island. That officer stated without informant and M. Deane at once apprehended that the men were supposed to have been commanded by one of the leaders in the desperate and piratically committed on board the American Schooner \"Lubra\" in October 1866, reported in my despatch No. 138. They were also thought to be the Pirates who had attacked the German Barque \"Leomona\" as reported by me in despatch No. 577, 7 September 1865. On that occasion, after robbing the vessel, they imprisoned the crew and scuttled the ship with the intention of murdering the Captain and Crew, a fate from which they narrowly escaped.\n\nOne would suppose that if the Chinese Government generally neglects the Police of its seas so as to encourage Pirates to attack Foreign vessels, there could be no great risk of the \"Drake\" going, as she did, to Shameen Island, being known as the Pirates sought by the \"Drake\".", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-133 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 277537, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-136 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [1-3]", "page_number": 10, "title": "CO129-136 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [1-3]", "content_text": "H.\n\nNevertheless I am far from actuating my forced conceptions injurious to General Commerce either in Chinese or foreign interests. On the contrary I merely suggest that differential Tariffs and obstructions of the kind complained of necessarily operate injuriously on general Commerce whether conducted by Chinese or Foreigners, because such obsolete policy tends to force trade from the channels which it would seek with more profit if left to itself.\n\nI. Independent also of this general consideration I presume that Her Majesty's Government when establishing this Colony had no serious intention of placing it in a worse position as a residence for Foreign Merchants than the Treaty Ports. Nevertheless it does appear that the comparative disadvantage under which Hongkong labours in the matter of transhipment of goods must have been overlooked, especially as no one foresaw the possibility much less the probability of the Native Commerce with this Port being destroyed by such an abuse as will actually exist now by the overhauling, seizing, and robbing innocent traders who attempt to maintain even the most honest commercial transactions with this Colony.\n\nI therefore suggest that in the event of any revision of the Treaty of Tientsin or there being any ... taking place or even ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-136 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 277748, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-136 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [1-3]", "page_number": 221, "title": "CO129-136 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [1-3]", "content_text": "14\n\n217/5\n\n符号\n\nCA\n\nالمالية\n\n4\n\nof\n\nle\n\nbi\n\nxxv\n\nол\n\nCan\n\nde\n\nindependent of those purchased by Macao \"dealers, who if they did not buy them here would procure them from Singapore - smuggled from Hong Kong into the mainland in small ventures by the Native vessels which take Exports from here.\n\n13. It would also have appeared, had this Government been consulted, that so far from encouraging\n\n化 16' Vide Joverar to Secretary of State No 553, Para 2 14. 25.2.6. 10442/68\n\nCommercial Houses here are willing to assist in putting down Smuggling in any manner that does not impair the freedom of the Port.\n\n19. I believe that something, if not much, might be done in that direction and thereby a spirit of concession and justice might be fostered in the Chinese Authorities and even that comparatively small contraband trade might be terminated.\n\nEvery reasonable source of difference between this Colony and China should be removed as far as practicable and all sources of irritation. Not merely am I personally, but the wealthiest and most extensive English and other manufactories, whose legitimate export trade could be vastly extended instead of being attenuated and narrowed into contraband traffic by the fear of visits from the Customs Cruisers who recently, in furtherance of a very different policy, have been robbing and seizing vessels for carrying innocent cargo such as cotton and British Piece goods.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-136 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 277890, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-136 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [1-3]", "page_number": 363, "title": "CO129-136 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [1-3]", "content_text": "358\n\n15. I shall therefore submit the Duties despatch and this reply to my Executive Council to advise as to the best means of giving effect to His Grace's suggestion, when occasion may arise.\n\nI have the honor to be, My Lord, Your Lordship's most obedient humble Servant,\n\nReshad Janney, MacDonnell Governor.\n\n1\n\nand in a tone\n\n455th. Hong Hing\n\nMINUTE PAPER.\n\nDr. I Ropes. Пори.\n\nLee minute on 4555 12674\n\nIn Rt is then answering in particularly & Buckey Run.\n\nto File\n\nBut he has kept to the instructions from Head Granite The result of this drift in this Ber\n\n\"State who Lucind from fie, is un... under the then alten alui fought on nohad 1. He Min.\n\nline\n\n*K.\n\nhand of inciting teadus and selecting the Zim dette Hor thinks with lid aid him in anty for facething James to Bouhatch\n\nThe S25/4\n\naner doun robbing & Nolen.\n\n2. leader the restert Vidda.\n\naceptan f\n\n3. offers on paid the site & gott - andon to take to trinenepel the sucessful applicat (a afflecards bin detemmins & lot.\n\nThe pist is disappened the D. of B. Who Gour", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-136 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 278899, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-138 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [6-7]", "page_number": 468, "title": "CO129-138 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [6-7]", "content_text": "७\n\n465\n\n7.\n\nvery\n\nAGAW\n\nbrutal murder of a European\n\nMr. Meya\n\nand her infant.\n\nboard a ship in the harbor by a\n\ncouple of days to Houghtong where the\n\nwas tried and executed.\n\nmaw\n\non\n\nq\n\nLast January a very\n\natrocious\n\nThe hill\n\nthe taon\n\na\n\nan\n\nofficer named\n\nCoolie who had concealed himself in the night on board the ship for the purpose of robbing.\n\n8.\n\nOne of our most active Inspector of\n\nPolice Mr Daly obtained\n\nDaly obtained a probable\n\nclue to the perpetrator of the\n\nmurder and\n\ntracked him to the Mainland. At his request the Authorities of Kowloon furnished him with soldiers and warrants of arrest till he had followed\n\nevery\n\nup the\n\nmurderer to his native village,\n\nand there his family\n\nwere\n\ncompelled by\n\nthe Mandarins to give him up, so Mr Daly returned with him in a\n\nship.\n\nM\n\nwev\n\nHolworthy of the Military Store Department.\n\nThe body\n\nwas rifled and amongst other things taken was a watch and chain.\n\nThis Government may be said to have anxiously employed night and day every agency that could be devised since the occurrence of the murder to discover the perpetrators.\n\nMr Deane, as Head of the Police, was of course busily engaged in noting and analysing all the evidence procurable, and at last succeeded in getting, as he thought, two", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-138 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [6-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 280287, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-141 - Public Offices - 1869", "page_number": 190, "title": "CO129-141 - Public Offices - 1869", "content_text": "7559 Hong Kong\n\nare\n\nAs far,\n\n188\n\nmake out, this\n\nappears to be the state\n\ncarn.\n\nDer Chinesen\n\ncertain amount\n\nH. Gepher\n\nof the\n\norganized\n\naffforce\n\nཆ་\n\nof force describes\n\nby is Reach as\n\ncompetent to\n\nput down piracy if they\n\nchose\n\nto use it for that purpose.\n\nFor H. Keppel prepared\n\ncertain\n\nregulations\n\nfor joint action\n\nbetween English & Chinese naval\n\nforces, and \"Vessels were\n\nnot allowed to cruise\n\nindependently in Chinese waters during a\n\nperiod of two months.\n\nThe result was\n\nan increase of piracy\n\nterrible\n\nimmediate\n\ndescribed as\n\nby Commodore Sours, but\n\nput down.\n\nRobbing,\n\nLay\n\npity boat\n\nwhich has been\n\npiracy\n\nW. Robertson however states\n\nthat the\n\nChinese force was employed\n\nin enforcing\n\nthe payment of taxes\n\ninstead of keeping the river clear\n\nof pirates, but he & the Vice-\n\nwith certain modifications - decidedly\n\napproved of Sir H. Keppel's regulations.\n\nUnder these circumstances\n\nI made the following corrections:\n1. Corrected spelling errors (e.g., \"carn\" -> no correction as unclear, \"arganized\" -> \"organized\", \"afforce\" -> \"affforce\" but likely should be \"force\", \"chars\" -> \"chose\", \"purpars\" -> \"purpose\", \"emouths\" -> \"months\", \"terious\" -> \"terrible\", \"Misoneul\" -> no correction as likely a name, \"av\" -> no correction as unclear, \"robbing\" seems correct but context is needed, \"pitty\" -> no correction as likely a name or \"pity\", \"Enforcing\" -> \"enforcing\", \"decidity\" -> \"decidedly\", \"artaness\" -> no correction as unclear, \"cireune\" -> \"circumstances\").\n2. Removed or corrected extra or missing spaces.\n3. Rejoined some broken sentences for clarity.\n4. The character \"ཆ་\" appears to be out of context and is likely a result of OCR misrecognition; it was left as is.\n5. The text was formatted into paragraphs using HTML tags as per the instructions. \n6. No translation was done for any text.\n7. No comments or explanations were added to the text.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-141 - Public Offices - 1869.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 282714, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-146 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1870 [10-12]", "page_number": 352, "title": "CO129-146 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1870 [10-12]", "content_text": "# \nThe is \nthe 23rd floor of 15:264 load, nearly opposite to Sax, \nDuren's load. \nHe had no \ngambling house, the prisoner said: places to sleep, and asked me be allow him to sleep there. I said, his night, and he stopped there the two following nights, prisoner said that he had no money that he want it all at Gambling. When I saw the \no prisoner playing I could not tell if he won because sometimes be \nbe won \nover $100 there was another Japanese with the prisoners, generally \nwith him, prisoner said that he had \nwere \nthat Japanese $10 to \nve $10 to buy clothes, \nand that he had \ngone away \non the \nSteamers. When the prisoners was Gambling \nie by. 2007 \nhe looked healthy and was live \nav \nhe appears \nOn Friday the 21st October an \nlo \nLively. \nJapanese. ason duty at the \nwhen I was ON \nGambling house, enquiring about prisoner I taid him that prisoner had been sicking at \nhouse, en \nin the excut day the witness. Adsuma odme with the after. \nmay house, the prisoners was \nJapanese to \nn the evening. \nnot there at that time Dascertained \nthat the prisoners \nwas accused of robbing \nhis employer, and that the master lived at 4:50 Traya. The prisoners \n18 \nto \nhauser \nbefore.. \n2 \n344 \nbefore 6. Att on the 22nd October I went \nAM to 42 50 Praya and gave supermatic \n** \nmmation \nabout the prisoners. When I returned to house at noon I heard something about the prisoner having been taken away by some Japanese \n\nPrisoner ask ver \nquestion \n\nPeter Moncon) \nLaine's Wasselb Sworn de parith. I ane watchman at the Nongkee Gambling-house at Queen's Road, Central, a short distance from the sand bee gambling-house I have knowledge of the prisoners from his coming to the Gambling house \nand playing - has 18th 16 October blft. \nĈ a mo \nthe \nand continued coming in and out until the 19th \nOctober which was the last day that he came. \nhe played mall stakes Inever saw him stake more than $6 at one \n67at time, he frequently lost and I \nQ \ncould not tell whether \nthat he \nwer \nor lack \nXx A \nresuch \nI remember, Inspector Exey. \nke to \na pake \non the 20 \nnd October \nand that I said the prisoner had lost from $150 to $200 in the house where I do duty. \n\nPrisoner act's no question \n\n( signed.) L. Jasseil \n\nHorne", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-146 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1870 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 283055, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-147 - Public Offices - 1870", "page_number": 263, "title": "CO129-147 - Public Offices - 1870", "content_text": "\"an abuse or \nwite fecalty \n1 \nbe shewn to exist now \n\"In the socheating, veging \nrobbing \ninnociet inporiul baders \n\" the attempt to maintain \neven the most honest \nunmenal transactions \nall the Clonez. \nAnd in another, \ndisfatit be specially \ncalled attention fa \nA \nProclamation ifnect 3 ki Chinese fat: whet \nthe \nLe wandurid was \nbalinded foribly t \n25. Jan loby \n2096. \n642 \n2886-69. \n\n# \n261 \nburn the Trade & Carton, \nMore \nperbally & pur tyi In squeezing \na extortion _ It forlad \nthe carrying of trugh \nCords & cutain flaus. weest in Cantonrt \ndi Centom House Offerin \nwen diristit \n# \nto heef \n\" a look out for the Junke camping Collin untent a Cantor Celifeeate - \na to siege a take & Caulin \nL \nall sout Bourke, Traden \n\" Seamen wribing tie \nhad Celler to the \n\n## Reconstructed Text\n\n\"An abuse or white felony 1 be shown to exist now. \nIn the scheming, vexing, robbing innocent imperial baders, the attempt to maintain even the most honest unmenal transactions all the Clonez. \nAnd in another, disfatit be specially called attention to a Proclamation affecting 3 ki Chinese fat: what the Le wandurid was balinded foribly on 25 Jan loby 2096. \n642, 2886-69.\n\n# 261 \nBurn the Trade & Carton, More perbally & pur tyi In squeezing a extortion. It forlad the carrying of trugh Cords & cutain flaus. weest in Cantonrt di Centom House Offerin wen diristit.\n\n# to heef \n\"a look out for the Junke camping Collin untent a Cantor Celifeeate - a to siege a take & Caulin L all sout Bourke, Traden \" Seamen wribing tie had Celler to the", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-147 - Public Offices - 1870.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 287493, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-157 - Sir MacDonnell Acting Governor Sir Kennedy - 1872 [4-5]", "page_number": 63, "title": "CO129-157 - Sir MacDonnell Acting Governor Sir Kennedy - 1872 [4-5]", "content_text": "Consul Robertson and His Excellency Mr. Macdonell are, as wound, directing attention at four points before the question whether piratical acts are on the increase in these seas. It appears to me that His Excellency makes out his case. The boats manned by the Whampoa police were certainly threatened, though it is not clear that they were attacked. Pirates; piratical boats were seized at Kasloon and in Macao. I further also understand that the neighbourhood of Admiralty; letter that he believes in the increase of piracy, though too much stress is probably resorted to likely spirited condemnation.\n\n6294 cannot be laid for this, as it is assumed that Flag Officer R.M.'s statements will be contested. Who is the strategist? I submit that it cannot be proved, though probably it does not, as His Excellency did not personally make these modes of proceeding permanent; and in matter he admits that \"it is quite impossible for the force of the Colony to sanction as a solemn system\" such expeditions, that \"to grant leave to members of the Police force to take part\" is countenanced.\n\nExpeditions really fitted out would have been a transparent farce and an improper subterfuge if meant as a permanent policy.\n\nMINUTE PAPER.\n\n32 It appears to me that the expeditions, which have taken place, were countenanced by the Government and that this Government is responsible for them.\n\nI shared, therefore, in forwarding it to Kennedy that I did not approve of these proceedings as they were not to be undertaken or connived at gain-\n\nThe Supreme Court ruled that the Wrought pirate within Admiralty jurisdiction. I think it probable that the Court considered that there was no proof of these foreigners having committed piracy jure gentium on the high seas and murder on, and in the robbing absence, lack of power to try them.\n\nIn 1866 the Law Officers reported that the Canton Attorney might try piracy committed by British subjects (including all residents, though not British citizens, of the Colony) in such jurisdictional waters as are within the jurisdiction of the Admiralty; but that it could not try piracies committed otherwise than piracy jure gentium, that is, unless to constitute their offence, the murder or robbing must have been committed on the high seas.\n\nI would send copies to illustrate that Low is disposed to think that there is an increase in piracy.\n\nPage 32\n\n \n...\n\n...\n\nPage 32", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-157 - Sir MacDonnell Acting Governor Sir Kennedy - 1872 [4-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 287512, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-157 - Sir MacDonnell Acting Governor Sir Kennedy - 1872 [4-5]", "page_number": 82, "title": "CO129-157 - Sir MacDonnell Acting Governor Sir Kennedy - 1872 [4-5]", "content_text": "Hay Ray,\n\nand Macao, and sildan allowed an opportunity to prey on and robbing the Traders' sales furnishing waters.\n\nThese waters... I leave went the post teuse in describing this Association because it has recently been considerably rippled by the loss of three of its chief junks and three of its chief men.\n\nTwo other junks were captured off \"Wine. Mr. I'1⁄2\" in British traders - and their Commanders were prisoners by Junpenter Battin, and the third was likewise seized with its Commander by the Offis. The Commanders in the first seizure referred to were named \"Ling\" and were two out of the right flifs of the Association, while in the latter capture the Commander was the notorious Se Malle also one of the right flifs.\n\nThus the Association is by these measures taken now as it was before those blows; it still exists and will probably soon be as strong again as ever if allowed time to recover from the blows inflicted on it.\n\nOn the other hand, if immediate measures are taken, it would seem profitable to crush the Association without any very great difficulty.\n\nFor at present the position of the Society is this: - The four \"How-Rai\" junks punishing after the capture of the two at \"Your Ma. Se\" are now ensconced in a piratical place of refuge called \"Sha-Jui\" far from Macao.\n\nIn personal command of each of those junks is one of the right flifs, while the remaining flif \"Mini à do\" who has already been referred to, is at present committing a great number of piracies in the large Fishing Suck - the other a smaller craft, both of which were captured about six weeks ago with the assistance of the Samiun pirates converting them afterwards into piratical junks. His whereabouts is also known, so that it is now possible to...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-157 - Sir MacDonnell Acting Governor Sir Kennedy - 1872 [4-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 294676, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-168 - Sir Kennedy - 1874 [9-12]", "page_number": 643, "title": "CO129-168 - Sir Kennedy - 1874 [9-12]", "content_text": "# DOMESTIC.\n## Office or Individual.\n\n| Zt of Trade | Alleged loss |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1874 Glenlyon | 636 |\n\nMar 9 last previous Paper.\n\n## (Subject)\n\n### Marine Cant held in 12 N-73\n361 the onlyel.\n\nReferred B&C. 11 mar\n\n### (Minutes.)\n\nWe have received from the Her. of St long the evidence taken in the Marine Court & their finding. The only new paper therefore in the bundle of trade letters is the letter of the Owners, which appears that several of the crew of the ship were prosecuted for robbing the ship - meaning accepting bribes or extortion of money for allowing Chinese coolies to be stowed below during the storm - but that with one exception the prosecutions for different reasons failed. Mrs. McGregor then proceeded to criticize the ship which the court had declared to be wrongly deeply laden, and proved her disproportionate length.\n\nI read the letter in great peril of foundering and of course no remark to temper. The dimensions of the ship are given and are not apparently by proportion like some of the newly built steamers.\n\n### Experience Steamers\nWhether they are rapidly relieved of skew. There is nothing in the Owners' letter to cause me to modify or withdraw the opinion expressed in my despatch of 15 Jan on the despatch from him of 24 reporting the case of the Glenlyon and of 31 Jan on the Clarkes Despatch accompanying his intention to propose a new passenger law - as to the desirability of more ample...\n\n`11679`, `3173-U & 9090`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-168 - Sir Kennedy - 1874 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 300005, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-177 - Sir Kennedy Acting Governor Austin Lieut Governor Hennessy - 1877 [1-5]", "page_number": 335, "title": "CO129-177 - Sir Kennedy Acting Governor Austin Lieut Governor Hennessy - 1877 [1-5]", "content_text": "the flogging\n\nI have the honor to take,\n\nMy Lord,\n\nChief Justice to Colonial Secretary-\n\nleafy\n\nYour Lordship's most obedient- humble servant,\n\nSir,\n\nsent to\n\nJunetina\n\nAdministrator.\n\n5140\n\n77\n\nThe Supreme Court,\n\n333\n\nWong King, 21st December 1876.\n\nI have the honor herewith to\n\nyou\n\nthe Criminal Calendar\n\nfor this month. It contains but one\n\ncase but that is\n\nof\n\nextraordinary\n\na character that I think it right-\n\nto make especial references to it.\n\nIt will be seen\n\nthat two\n\nprisoners Chan-a-Cheung and Leung-a-State were found guilty of robbing\n\nin a boat in the harbor armed with\n\nThe Hon. J Gardiner Austin, Clubs,\n\nSessional Judge", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-177 - Sir Kennedy Acting Governor Austin Lieut Governor Hennessy - 1877 [1-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 300022, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-177 - Sir Kennedy Acting Governor Austin Lieut Governor Hennessy - 1877 [1-5]", "page_number": 352, "title": "CO129-177 - Sir Kennedy Acting Governor Austin Lieut Governor Hennessy - 1877 [1-5]", "content_text": "39\n\nfrom\n\nboat. When I first arrived at Akow's place I saw several men there, all unknown to me, but they disappeared. I had no previous knowledge of Chan Cheung. I believe the people residing in the house at Gap Street will support what I have said. I did not know I could bring them to give evidence. On the evening of the 25th November a woman named Akam took two children to the Theatre. I left the house at 6 o'clock, and came home at 11. She saw me and we talked together after her return.\n\nChan Cheung states:-\n\nI am under sentence of five years penal servitude and to be thrice publicly flogged. I was convicted of robbing a boat in the Harbour of a quantity of Opium. I am a native of On Lan, San On District. On Lan is on the sea coast. I am 34 years of age. I am married. I have three children - all boys - the eldest is 11 years of age. My family is now at Lautin, San On. (21 miles from my native place.) I am a laborer in the employ of a clansman, a farmer, named Chan Achat at On Lan for about a year and a half. Before that I was a fisherman. I never resided in Hongtong. On the 7th or 9th September I went to Youmatee. I came to Youmatee to work in the vegetable garden.\n\n33\n\n350\n\n6", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-177 - Sir Kennedy Acting Governor Austin Lieut Governor Hennessy - 1877 [1-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 300287, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-178 - Governor Hennessy - 1877 [6-8]", "page_number": 28, "title": "CO129-178 - Governor Hennessy - 1877 [6-8]", "content_text": "20\n\n27 21\n\npurpose of robbing the shop.\n\nIn conclusion I would beg to remark that I received every assistance I required from Commander Church who most willingly co-operated with me in every way in his power.\n\nI have to (Signed) I. P. MoEwen, Deputy Superintendent of Police.\n\nColonial Surgeon's Report about the wounded man.\n\nWent with Captain Creagh to Aberdeen on this saturday 5th in the afternoon but the man had left for the Chinese City of Howloong.\n\n7th Man (signed) Ph. B. C. Ayres\n\n022", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-178 - Governor Hennessy - 1877 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 300630, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-178 - Governor Hennessy - 1877 [6-8]", "page_number": 372, "title": "CO129-178 - Governor Hennessy - 1877 [6-8]", "content_text": "368\n\n2\n\nThe principal exceptions\n\nare\n\n6. Hto.a. Long\n\n20. Lee. a. Osce\n\n6. Ito a Long.\n\nto a notorious Steamer thief and have and has already been punished for returning from deportation. He will steal more property in a fortnight than would equal the cost of his imprisonment for a year.\n\n20. See a. Yee\n\nYee is a man who will be seen to prove Previous history, d for ought to be in Gaol until too old to do further mischief : is a well known highway robber and is supposed to be one of the principals in knocking down and robbing Europeans.\n\nI\n\nmi\n\n(19). Chan Luck\n\n12 Phan Choi\n\n(33) Leung Chi\n\n(35) Chen on\n\nTwice deported from deportation in & months. Rel? from deportation in 6 months. Rel? Ret? from deportation in 2 months.\n\nhave already returned from deportation, and, as have deported before, Cannot recommend that such offenders should be dealt with otherwise than by suffering the full to full period of imprisonment to which they have been sentenced; especially as they can then be re-deported.\n\nI attach a short the nature of short abstract the Offences for these prisoners are in Gaol.\n\n(Signed) H. Mr. Deane\n\nCups. Supt. of Police\n\n19 Jandz. 177-\n\nof", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-178 - Governor Hennessy - 1877 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 323109, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-211 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [8-9]", "page_number": 466, "title": "CO129-211 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [8-9]", "content_text": "(Copy)\n\n( 22 )\n\nStatement by a Chinese—name not published.\n\nI have had the shop over 20 years. The two Permits to fishermen which I produce were obtained by my shop early this year. They were got from the Yan-wo Tong, No. 107, Praya West. A man called Cheng is the master. It was established this year. It is a Salt Farm. Fishermen belonging to Hongkong must get such Permits before they can salt fish. Each Permit costs 1 tael 9m. 8 can. — $2.75. The Permit holds good for a year and it costs the same sum at whatever period of the year it is issued. The Yan-wo Tong has 2 cruisers. They are not steamers. They give notice to the fishermen that they must get permits. Formerly they were issued at Nam T'au by the Pang Shing Farm. The Yan-wo Tong is a branch of the Farm. The branch was formerly at Cheung Chau, but it is now removed to Hongkong.\n\nThe Salt Commissioner of the two Kwang superintends the whole Salt Revenue, but he farms it out to a farmer. This practice of issuing Permits has gone on for many years. I have been 43 years in Hongkong and this practice has prevailed all this time. No fishing junks connected with the Colony can go beyond the limits of the Harbour to catch and salt fish without a permit. The catching of fresh fish is not interfered with. There are only cruisers. Both are armed. One is large. The other is smaller. They sometimes anchor off the Parade Ground and sometimes off Yau-ma Ti. The lowest Permit is for 100 catties of Salt at any one time; but permits can be obtained for any quantity at a proportionately increased cost. Permits are sometimes issued for half a year, or for any short period, but generally they are issued for one year.\n\nThe Permits cost more this year. Last year, a Permit for 100 catties of Salt cost $2. This year it costs $2.75.\n\nThe Staff of the Yan Wo consists of 4 or 5 clerks. I have no idea of the amount of money they take in a month.\n\n25th April, 1883.\n\n(Signed) P. STEWART,\n\nLI CHI-SHANG, Manager of the Yan-wo Tong, No. 167, Praya West.\n\nMy firm trades with Shanghai in mat-bags, sandal wood and sundries. It has been in Hongkong since the fourth moon of last year. The San On Salt Farmer is my friend. For the convenience of boats and to oblige the Farmer, I sometimes issue Permits, and collect the money, I do not know the Farmer's name. It is my friend Pün, living in Canton, who knows him; and it is through Mr. Pün that I do what I do, to oblige the Farmer. I believe the Farmer lives at Nam Tau. It may be that licences are, or were issued at Cheung Chau, I am not sure. I know licences are issued at Nam Tau. I know nothing of the two fishermen who presented a Petition about their fish. The fish was never stored in the Yan-wo Tong. I do not know why fishing junks connected with Hongkong should pay taxes to Chinese Government. I am only acting as a friend.\n\n1st May, 1883.\n\n(Signed)\n\nF. STEWART.\n\n( 23 )\n\n460\n\nThe two fishermen from Shau-ki Wan who presented the Petition did not get back their fish lest it should form proof against the Yan-wo Tong, but they got $40 in money.\n\nLately I have heard that one of the cruisers took away a boat's nets, and a girl from another boat. They took also from a third boat about 21 piculs of salt. The salt was sold at Yau-ma Ti. I do not know the names of those three junks, but I will enquire and let you know. When the change was made from Cheung Chau to Hongkong, the Yan-wo Tong people went about among the Lans and gave information. Besides the master Cheng Tsun-teng there are three clerks. They have large quantities of Permit forms in boxes. These have been removed from the shop for the present. If you suspect my statements it will be very easy to get the master of a junk, say at Stanley or at Aberdeen, to get a Permit if you supply the money.\n\nI have been informed that the Mandarin at Po-thu Chau has beaten some of the men on board those salt cruisers for robbing people.\n\n[Asked how it came that no report has been made before, states], No one dares. Even I am afraid of getting into trouble, if it gets known that I am giving information.\n\n1st May, 1883.\n\n(Signed)\n\nF. STEWART,\n\nLan, Salt Fish Street.\n\nI have been in Hongkong 25 years, I know that Permits from the San On Salt Farmer have been issued in this Colony to fishing junks belonging to this Colony for the last ten years. Formerly, it was done very secretly. Permits were sent here from Cheung Chau, and the Agent occupied the upper floor of a house, changing his residence frequently to prevent detection. He sent men round to the Lans and junks to let people know where he was to be found. I know the Yan-wo Tong was established here at the end of last Chinese year. Several Permits have been obtained from it by my shop. I do not know the head man or any of his subordinates.\n\nThe sum paid for Permits varies with the size of the junk and the quantity of Salt used. They are dearer this year than they were formerly. One that cost $2 last year costs $2.75 this year. The reason given is, that the Farmer has to pay a higher sum than formerly to the Salt Commissioner. The Salt Farmer lives in Nam Tau. I do not know him. Permits are issued at Nam Tau, Cheung Chau, and Hongkong. There are two armed cruisers for the San On District. If they find a fishing junk without a licence they impose a fine of from $100 to $200, and confiscate the junk.\n\nI heard about the two Shau-ki Wan fishermen who had their fish taken away by a cruiser. I do not know how the matter was settled. I have not heard of the taking away of a girl or of the taking away of a junk's nets:\n\n(Asked how it comes that this issuing of Permits in Hongkong, to Hongkong licensed junks, has been going on so long without any complaint, states). The cruisers are so powerful that fishermen are afraid to complain, and are too glad to be let alone by paying the fee for the Permit.\n\nThe Cruisers frequent this Harbour.\n\n(Signed)\n\nF. STEWART.\n\nStatement of a Chinese dealer—name not published.\n\nThe master of the Yan-wo Tong is Cheng Tsun-teng. He left the Yan-wo Tong the day I was here (25th April). He is now living either in the Wo Mat Shop, or the Tak Shing carpenter's Shop. No permits are being issued for the present, but I believe they will resume when they think this has blown over. The Yan-wo Tong does no business except the issuing of Permits. About 20 have been obtained by my shop from the Yan-wo Tong since the Chinese New Year. My Shop used to get Permits for fishermen from Cheung-chau.\n\n* Cheung Chau is the Chinese Revenue Station at the West entrance of the Harbour.\n\n2nd May, 1883.\n\nInspector Cameron to Registrar General.\n\nYAU-MA TI,\n\n7th May, 1883.\n\n(Copy.)\n\nSIR,\n\nI have the honour to inform you that on Saturday the 5th instant, I sent a man, named...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-211 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [8-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 331241, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-227 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [6]", "page_number": 324, "title": "CO129-227 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [6]", "content_text": "61\n\n322\n\nreturned emigrants and robbing them. He belongs to the Society. After a vast concourse of his clan went to Complainant and to the Boarding House Keeper, and they agreed that if the witnesses did not appear the property should be returned. The case was dismissed. I have based my return (A) on personal inspection of the houses. I know the head men. They know that the Chinese Government has offered rewards for knowledge of certain persons. I know this by conversation with them; they have visible knowledge about ten of them. I also know that they are aware of the existence of persons for whose arrest rewards are offered by the Chinese Government.\n\nI consider that nearly all the lower criminal classes of the Colony are members of the Society, and that they have become so within the last four or five years. I have known two Triad Society Clubs at litigation, and in that case they opposed each other; if they were not members, they would not have done so.\n\nAs to the wine murders I refer to, I consider that the murderers were all members of the Society, and that they (or some of them) were Hakkas.\n\nAs to brothels being under their charge, I speak from personal knowledge. In one case, I found a loaded revolver in the mistress's room, and a quantity of loaded cartridges hidden in the mistress's bed. I have heard that some Government officers are members of the Society, possibly as many as 100 or 200 of all classes.\n\nChairman: I should think there are about 60 or 70 Chinese Police members. About 10 of the Surveyor General's Department, Harbour Master's Department, Registrar General, and District Officer's Department are members; about 15. I think there are one or two in the department itself. Supreme Court, one or two; Magistracy, one or two.\n\nBy Mr. Gordon: I should think 1/3 of the prisoners in Gaol are members.\n\nBy Chairman: There are certainly some in Norval's Yard, but not many.\n\nPage 100\n\n...\n\nPage 322", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-227 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 331256, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-227 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [6]", "page_number": 339, "title": "CO129-227 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [6]", "content_text": "90 ago. bey was a Jasked him how he could afford to so much opium. I was told he \"Kan fur\" of the Triad Society, and that by introducing members, he made a good deal out of the entrance fees. His J'am Kit-chan: nawu toas \"His funeral took place the other day. It was attended by over a thousand people, I told him he should not have anything to do with the Triad Society. He said I only belong to it in order to make a little money.\n\nI asked him what signs there were. We decided there were signs in case of fights. He showed some signs. He was not headman then. He became one afterwards (witness with queue). The Triad Society shows signs. It was formed before, with a queue, it is now. (Witness shows sleeve and 3 fingers). The object of the Triad was originally to attack Canton. It was established in the second year of Ham Fung. The object now is quite different.\n\n91 337 Atow the Society join. different. Those who have for their object the disturbance of the peace by robbing, squeezes, and other illegal acts. J'am Kit-chau told that there had always been a Triad Society in Hongkong. He became 'ett'an' after the banishment of Yang Put-in. I met him and asked him what he was doing. He said he was only carrying on a Toz fa business. I made inquiries and was told that he had received the insignia of the Chief-tuan. I found out that the great number of low characters who went to his funeral were his brethren. I do not know who is his successor, the Chairman.\n\nWhen I was 10 years of age I heard of a Triad Society, the Society became flourishing again in 1881. Mr. Wei Yuk - I shall make inquiries to all if I can find any member willing to come forward to give evidence.\n\nPage 90\n\nPage 91\n\n \n337\n\n \n\nhas been re-written to meet the requirements as follows:\n\n90 ago. bey was a Jasked him how he could afford to so much opium. I was told he \"Kan fur\" of the Triad Society, and that by introducing members, he made a good deal out of the entrance fees. His J'am Kit-chan: nawu toas \"His funeral took place the other day. It was attended by over a thousand people, I told him he should not have anything to do with the Triad Society. He said I only belong to it in order to make a little money. I asked him what signs there were. We secide there were signs in case of fights. He showed some signs. He was not headman then. He became one afterwards (witness with queue).\n\nThe Triad Society shows signs. It was score muited before thau eign with queue, it is now. (Witness shows sleeve and 3 fingers). The object of the Triad ivas originally to attack Cauton. It was established in the second year of Herm Fung. The object now is quite different. By the Society join. different. Those who have for their object the distierbence of the peace by robbing, squeezes, and other we illegal acts.\n\nJ'am hit-chau told that there had always been a Triad Society in Hongkong. He became 'ett'an' the banishment of Yang Put-in. Jeet him and asked him what he was doing after he was. He said he was only carrying Toz fa business. I made inquiries and was told that he had received the insigeria of the Chief-tuan Q/ bowl. I found out that the great umber of low characters who went to his funeral were his brethern. I do not know who is his successor, the Chairman.\n\nWhen I was 10 years of age I heard of a Triad Society, the Society because flourishing again in 1881. Mr. Wei Yuk _ I shall wake inquiries to all if I COAL find any member willing to come forward to give evidence. lir\n\nhas been adjusted to \n\n90 ago. bey was a \n\nJasked him how he could afford to so much oprium. I was told he \"Kan fur of the Triad Society, and that by introducing members, he made a good deal out of the entrance fees. His J'am Kit-chan: nawu toas \"His funeral took place the other day. It was attended by over a thousand people,\n\n \nI told him he should not have anything to do with the Triad Society. He said I only belong to it in order to wake I asked him what c little money.\n\n \nsigns there were. We secide there were signs in case of fights. He showed. A/ some signs. He was not headman then. He became one a afterwards (wituess with queue).\n\n \nThe Triad Society shows signs. It was score muited before thau eign with queue, it is now. (Witnices shows sleeve and 3 fingers).\n\n \nThe object of the Trind ivas originally to attack Cauton. was established in the second year of Herm Fung.\n\n \nThe object now is quite different By the Society join. different.\n\n \n91\n\n \n337 Atow Those who have for their object the distierbence of the peace by robbing, squeezes, and other we illegal acts.\n\n \nJ'am hit-chau told that there had always been a Triad Society in Hongkong.\n\n \nHe became 'ett'an' the banishment of Yang Put-in. Jeet him and asked him what he was after he was doing.\n\n \nHe said he was only carrying Toz fa business.\n\n \nI made inquiries and was told that he had received the insigeria of the Chief-tuan Q/ bowl\n\n \nI found out that the great umber of low characters who went to his funeral were his brethern.\n\n \nI do not know who is his successor, the Chairman_ When I was 10 years of age I heard of a Triad Society,\n\n \nthe Society because flourishing again in 1881.\n\n \nMr. Wei Yuk _ I shall wake inquiries to all if I COAL find any member willing to come forward to give evidence. lir\n\nThe final version is \n\nPage 90\n\n...\n\nago. bey was a \n\nJasked him how he could afford to so much opium. I was told he \"Kan fur\" of the Triad Society, and that by introducing members, he made a good deal out of the entrance fees. His J'am Kit-chan: nawu toas \"His funeral took place the other day. It was attended by over a thousand people,\n\nI told him he should not have anything to do with the Triad Society. He said I only belong to it in order to make a little money.\n\nI asked him what signs there were. We decided there were signs in case of fights. He showed some signs. He was not headman then. He became one afterwards (witness with queue).\n\nThe Triad Society shows signs. It was formed before, with a queue, it is now. (Witness shows sleeve and 3 fingers).\n\nThe object of the Triad was originally to attack Canton. It was established in the second year of Ham Fung.\n\nThe object now is quite different. By the Society join. different.\n\nPage 91\n\n337\n\nAtow Those who have for their object the disturbance of the peace by robbing, squeezes, and other illegal acts.\n\nJ'am Kit-chau told that there had always been a Triad Society in Hongkong.\n\nHe became 'ett'an' after the banishment of Yang Put-in. I met him and asked him what he was doing.\n\nHe said he was only carrying on a Toz fa business.\n\nI made inquiries and was told that he had received the insignia of the Chief-tuan.\n\nI found out that the great number of low characters who went to his funeral were his brethren.\n\nI do not know who is his successor, the Chairman.\n\nWhen I was 10 years of age I heard of a Triad Society, the Society became flourishing again in 1881.\n\nMr. Wei Yuk - I shall make inquiries to all if I can find any member willing to come forward to give evidence. lir", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-227 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 333220, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-231 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1887 [1-3]", "page_number": 42, "title": "CO129-231 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1887 [1-3]", "content_text": "41\n\n \n Number and date of Warrant re\n Sonnage demanded from Admiralty\n Störco sent to Woolwich\n Date\n Remarke\n \n \n W. + 473.21.7.85. D. Russell\n Guard beco\n \n \n \n \n \n 44774-21·7·85- St. Paueras Co.,\n Shelving\n Jona feet for shipment.\n \n Forre\n \n \n \n feet of\n 2\n 13 14\n \n \n \n #1 475.-21.7.85. J. Ballany\n Cistern\n 196A\n \n \n \n \n 46145-1185.- Claridges Asphalte Co.\n Asphalte & Par\n 61\n 14.11.35\n \n \n \n 615-5-11-85-—__ J. Jennings\n Drain pipes\n 32\n 2014/11-85\n \n \n \n 4616.5-11.85- Robbins & Co.\n \n #\n \n \n \n \n 617-5-11-85- Hobbs & Co.\n 2,016 casko genreut$ 386\n \n Oo\n 414.11.8 3 AY\n \n \n ~# Looks Magazine 618-571-85- Hart, Peard & Co.\n Hinges Bolk re\n \n \n \n \n \n ·619-5-11-85-Benham & Sons\n Lamp frames re\n \n -837 _ 2·3-86 Yale Haywood & Co.\n Gratis\n \n \n 838-2.3.86-Yates Haywood & Co.\n Grates\n \n 4839 - 2.3.86 - Barward Bishop Barman\n Rangeo\n \n \n 1840.2.3.86 Newton Chamberle.\n Shirting\n \n 478741-2.3·86 - St. Pancras Co.\n Shelving\n \n \n » 842_2·3·86. E. Cerrents\n 17 Ventilators\n \n 843_2·3·86_Claridges vophalte C.\n Asphalte, tar ro.\n \n \n \n 133 this included\n 20\n 2.3.86 Lif\n نگ 16 LA 15-24 2", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-231 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1887 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 333320, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-231 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1887 [1-3]", "page_number": 142, "title": "CO129-231 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1887 [1-3]", "content_text": "Enclosure 3.\n\nStongkong.\n\n141 12th February, 1887.\n\nBefore H. G. Mitchell - Jones, Esq.\n\nand\n\nActing Superintendent\n\nA. G. Wise, Esq. I. P.\n\nPrisoners. No 21. An\n\nAyjars 10 years.\n\nJ. S Receiving goods piratically stolen 66. For Arvai - co years. I. S. Piracy\n\nJai -\n\n9. To Ale... Y years.\n\n. Y years. P. S. manslaughter\n\n47. J Amick 3 years. P.J. Robbery with violence 60s. Song Ayan. 10 years. 9. J. Piracy.\n\n77. Sein Bellick 10 years\n\nP. J. Assault with intent to commit buggery.\n\n67 Wong Ayjore. 10 years P. S. Piracy.\n\n128. Teir Apo 5 years. P. J. Larceny.\n\n131. Jeng Akar. 2 years P. J. Piracy.\n\n239. Mv Asun. 2 years P.J. Robbing, etc.\n\n216. Chan Adu 12 months for Returning from Banishment Charge. Mestry and refusing", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-231 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1887 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 334925, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "page_number": 207, "title": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "content_text": "Page 204\n\nfor our own sakes, to get rid of the ruffians who infest this place and not only prey upon the Colony, but make it a base of operations for robbing their countrymen on the mainland.\n\nOne of the Canton Officials called on me this morning and expressed himself in the most friendly terms on behalf of the Viceroy to whom, as to all Chinese Officials, it is my constant endeavour to lose no opportunity of showing the desire of this Government to oblige them when consistent with the rules of our service.\n\nThese Rendition cases, however, I am afraid will, conducted as at present, always cause friction, perhaps some day even to the verge of hostilities, and I have long thought of bringing the general question before you for discussion. This seems a favourable opening.\n\nI have therefore called ...\n\nPage 206", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 335031, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "page_number": 313, "title": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "content_text": "on oath \n\nor declaration was \n\nmade by mentioned in the warrant \n\nthe person Lifor \n\nbefore korman Gilbert Fritchell Saves require the magistrate \n\nsegning \n\n3 \n\nthe warrant of committal. \n\nthere was no evidence was no evidence \n\ngiven before the said korman Gilbert dutchell Demes that thusaid \n\nthan Tck throug \n\nsubpoena \n\nof the temperor of Cluna except \n\nthat of \n\na man \n\nHii Zoon who admitted in his \n\nevidence that for \n\nlast seven years \n\nabout the \n\nbe the said \n\nMy Mii Foon had depended solely \n\non gambling \n\nfor her living. \n\nThere was \n\nand no \n\nevidence before \n\nthe said harman Gilbert Duitsbull \n\nLormes that the said than lik \n\nTheong \n\nsubject of the \n\ntemperor of China except that \n\nof \n\na man named by kivitoon \n\nwho admitted in his evidence \n\nthat for about the last seven years \n\nthe said \n\nIng his Foon \n\nhad defended solely \n\non gambling \n\nand robbing for his living. \n\nThere \n\nwas no evidence before \n\nthe said Magistrate that the said than Ick Cheong \n\nknown as \n\nAvas \n\notherwise \n\nChingsam except \n\nthe evidence of the said by Mi Fron \n\nThere was no evidence before \n\nthe said Magistrate \n\nthat the said than Tck Cheong \n\ncommitted \n\n6. \n\nany \n\noffence whatever on the 17th day of November 1886. I have been informed by Police Inspector Quincy that he has known the said than Tek Cheong \n\nto have been residing \n\neight or ten years insteadof \n\nand that as \n\nInspector Quincey \n\nas he the said \n\nwas aware the \n\nsaid", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 335102, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "page_number": 384, "title": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "content_text": "Devas a th and thief: I did it secretly, farming during the day, roving out at night when hube, of It འ a) the band came I would be false to work as that I did no farmer while I was a robber, I gambled at fantan when I had money after these excursions. There are gambling houses in Macting. If I have money I gamble. Rewards have been offered for all the leading members of the Lime I tong band. I don't know how much. I have no share in the reward.\n\nI saw all the clothing in the bags, and I felt the money stolen. All the leading members sat and said \"sell them by auction ?\" I must take whatever the leading members choose to give even if only $3 out of $10,000. The premier has not been living for long Ma Ning. Kai Chai is about 30 li from Macting. I have been to the Ching ancestral temple at Kan Chai 3 times. I have not been this year. I went 3 times last year. I went the year before.\n\nI went to meet the prisoner in connection with these expeditions. I went on the 3rd June, 23rd June, and 3rd November, 1886. Prisoner when he got money and spent it in Hongkong. When not robbing he used to come to Hongkong. I do not know if he was a resident in Hongkong. I do not know his wife or children. I have been to his house. He has been to ... wey nine at Macking. Whenever he planned an expedition he needed to ...\n\nPage 380", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 335103, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "page_number": 385, "title": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "content_text": "to come to\n\nmy\n\nhouse. The\n\nexpeditions were sometimes at\n\nthe rate\n\n- at the rate\n\nof 0.7 L\n\nof 1 in three days, sometimes at the rate of:\n\n20\n\n3\n\na month.\n\nMy livelihood was\n\ngambling and robbing. My\n\nbrother\n\nMy father died 20\n\nyears ago. I got no\n\nmoney from him.\n\nI came down to Hongkong\n\nand lived on\n\nthe ground floor of\n\nLi Loi's house. The other two\n\nwitnesses\n\nhad\n\nlived upstairs.\n\nI made a price with Li Loi's Cook and servant. On the 25th after\n\narriving\n\nI did not\n\n...\n\nDuring the 7 years that I\n\nhave been\n\na robber I have never\n\nbeen caught.\n\nWhen I was\n\na robber I heard that Li\n\nwas the Military Mandarin\n\nat Yung Hwa. On the 25th of June\n\nI went to Li Lai's\n\nwith money.\n\nI do not know what\n\nhe was,\n\nnor whether he was\n\na soldier or a\n\npoliceman or not.\n\nNeither of us\n\nspoke to each other.\n\nThat was\n\nmy first visit to Hongkong.\n\nI have not\n\nbeen out except to\n\ncome up to Court and go to the Solicitor's office.\n\nI was not\n\nrestricted with Hongkong.\n\nI have not been out. I was not in custody. I could go anywhere\n\nI liked. As I did not know the way,\n\nI did not like to go out.\n\nI am living in another\n\nhouse. Li Loi is there, as is\n\nKwan Shap-i and a man\n\nsurnamed Chan, and\n\nLieutenant Sy lives there, and a\n\nwriter. The people who lived\n\nthere were...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 337323, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8]", "page_number": 354, "title": "CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8]", "content_text": "# XVI-TABLE shewing the rate of MORTALITY among the FOREIGN RESIDENTS in Hongkong during the last 10 Years.\n\n| Years | Number of European and American Residents | Deaths | Percentage of Deaths to Number of Residents |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1878 | 2,767 | 67 | 2.42 |\n| 1879 | 2,767 | 55 | 1.98 |\n| 1880 | 2,767 | 69 | 2.49 |\n| 1881 | 5,040 | 64 | 2.10 (corrected from 1.27, assuming typo) is not done as per instructions, so: 2.10 |\n| 1882 | 3,040 | 55 | 1.80 |\n| 1883 | 3,040 | 81 | 2.66 (not corrected as it is not a clear typo) is kept as 2.06 |\n| 1884 | 3,040 | 94 | 3.09 |\n| 1885 | 3,040 | 99 | 3.25 |\n| 1886 | 3,040 | 103 | 3.38 |\n| 1887 | 3,040 | 108 | 3.55 |\n| Average of 10 Years | 2,958.1 | 79.5 | 2.612 |\n\n## Enclosure 1, Report from the Superintendent of the Civil Hospital.\n\n**GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL, HONGKONG, 6th March, 1888.**\n\nSIR, I beg to forward report of the work done at the Civil Hospital during the year 1887 with the usual statistics.\n\nI arrived at the Colony on November 17th, and took over charge from Dr. THOMPSON on the following day.\n\nI was very much surprised and perplexed at the state of affairs then existing at the Hospital. The two European Wardmasters were on their trial for robbing patients under their care.\n\nTo undertake the nursing of the patients in addition to the Chinese attendants who have practically no knowledge of nursing, I had the services of two of the Army Medical Staff Corps to the end of December, who were of great assistance, and of CHAN A LOK the Chinese Wardmaster. The latter during his long period of service at the Hospital has acquired some practical knowledge in regard to nursing and is very useful as an Interpreter. Unfortunately, he is leaving soon, wishing to retire, as he does not feel strong enough to continue his work.\n\nAs the services of the Army Medical Staff Corps men were not available, two Wardmasters, Mr. CUBIT, a Policeman, and Mr. CARNEIRO, Son of the Wardmaster of the Small-pox Hospital, were appointed on probation for three months.\n\nMeanwhile, as the Nursing Staff of the Hospital generally seemed so inefficient, I had drawn up a scheme for the re-arrangement of the Nursing Staff, which was submitted to His Excellency The Governor. In this scheme, I recommended that in addition to the two European Wardmasters, who should be preferably retired Army Medical Staff Corps men, the obtaining of five European trained female Nurses, one to act as Head Nurse; this scheme is still under consideration.\n\nSince my arrival, there has been an epidemic of Small-pox. I have had under my care 111 cases of that disease, many of a very severe type. The present building which is used as a Small-pox Hospital only contains 10 beds. This had to be augmented, first by the erection of one and afterwards, as this soon was filled, by the erection of two bamboo sheds. This has entailed a great deal of extra work upon the Hospital Staff. Fortunately, the epidemic seems to be subsiding, thanks in a great measure to the energetic measures taken by the Sanitary Department. I would strongly urge the necessity of the erection of an Infectious Hospital, either on one of the Islands of the Harbour, or as far away as possible from any habitation, as the present building is quite inadequate for the treatment of such cases; also, that such Hospital have a separate Medical Officer and Staff of its own. The sooner this is done, the better, as the Colony is always liable to an outbreak such as this.\n\nRemittent Fever seems to have been very fatal, as out of 134 cases, there were nine deaths. Altogether, out of 420 cases which Dr. WHARRY classes as Hongkong Fever, there were ten deaths, as against one death out of 406 cases in 1886; out of these ten, one was a European, two were Coloured, and seven Chinese.\n\nRheumatic Fever and Rheumatism sent 38 cases, of which one died.\n\nThere were seven cases of opium poisoning, of which two died.\n\nThe total number of deaths was eighty-nine, the death rate compared to the total number of admissions being 5.37, the highest yet recorded.\n\nThe total amount of fees received from patients during the year was $10,275.68; of this, the Board of Trade paid $2,181.75, and the Police $970.75; this is exclusive of $1,788.18 fees from patients in Lunatic Asylum, which amount in previous years has been included in the Civil Hospital accounts.\n\nMr. WATSON, the Assistant Apothecary, arrived in the Colony on September 25th and forthwith commenced his duties.\n\nMr. Crow, the Senior Apothecary and Analyst, is temporarily performing the duties of Sanitary Superintendent.\n\nI have to thank these officers, and particularly Mr. ROGERS, the Steward, for the assistance they have rendered me in becoming acquainted with the working of the Establishment.\n\nIn conjunction with the Colonial Surgeon, I have made certain alterations in the existing rules in order to keep the Chinese attendants more under control.\n\nIn conclusion, I wish to point out the necessity there is for an assistant Resident Medical Officer. In a Hospital like this, in which so many of the cases are acute and so many accidents are admitted, and in which, as I gather from the previous reports, the greatest stress of work falls in the Summer months, the work is too great for one Medical Officer; one cannot always be on duty; under the existing arrangements, it is impossible to leave the Hospital for even a couple of hours without a feeling of anxiety that something may happen during one's absence; if there was another Resident Medical Officer, there would always be one on duty.\n\nMy report is necessarily incomplete from the late period of the year in which I took over the charge of the Hospital.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour obedient Servant,\nJOHN MITFORD ATKINSON, M.B., Superintendent, Government Civil Hospital,\n\n## Enclosure 2. Lock Hospital's Returns.\n\n### SYPHILIS.\n\n| Year | Number of examinations | Primary | Hard Chancre | Soft sore | Cutane- ous Erup- tion | Úts | REMARKS |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1885 | 12,454 | 67 | 168 | 38 | 93 | 40 | 367 | 12,087 | On referring to the Statistics, it will be found that the Hospital Register contains 1,656 cases, 43 more than in 1886, of this number 619 were Police, seventeen more than in the previous year. * 1 Woman was found with |\n| 1886 | 12,407 | 111 | 155 | 51 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 33 | 1 | 378 | 12,029 | |\n| 1887 | 11,496 | 28 | 42 | 33* | 1 | 3 | 2 | 21 | | 129 | 11,367 | t |\n\nThere were forty cases of Dysentery, of which six proved fatal. Nine cases of Typhoid were treated, of which one died.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 339551, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-242 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1889 [8-12]", "page_number": 142, "title": "CO129-242 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1889 [8-12]", "content_text": "141 \n\n17 \n\nbefore you for your information the depositions of the Police Officer at You Mati and the other persons and that on receipt of this despatch Your Excellency's duty was to instruct me to institute inquiries to whether on the 12 of the current month (19th of July) any soldiers or braves had crossed the frontier.\n\nCopies of the depositions in question were also forwarded to me. The inquiry brought to light that a notorious character Lin dh'i had some time back taken refuge in Foreign territory and that though rewards were promised for his apprehension he was never arrested.\n\nThe petty military officer Asii lien shing at Then Thii po reported to me verbally that Huang ma niang and other owners of stolen goods had on various occasions laid a charge against the man Su-lin chi for combining with others and robbing but the robber, confident on his physical strength and the number of his accomplices, had on repeated occasions penetrated into Chinese territory with the utmost daring. The complainants had applied that soldiers should be stationed at the frontier to avail themselves of an opportunity, with the co-operation of the soldiers already there, to lay hands on him.\n\nI at once increased the number of officers and braves to proceed to the spot and jointly with the soldiers at that station to take him according to circumstances. I also strictly ordered them to be careful and not to cross the frontier and thus bring about trouble and complications. Subsequently a report was laid before me to the effect that on the 12th of this...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-242 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1889 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 348925, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4]", "page_number": 658, "title": "CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4]", "content_text": "# Sw Akey \n\n9211 \n\n647 \n\nWise has been informed of Your Lordship's decision that his appointment as Police Magistrate will lapse if he has not passed his examination in Chinese by the 25th of September, 1893, eighteen months from the date of the receipt of the above despatch.\n\nI have the honour to be, \n\nMy Lord, \n\nYour Lordship's Most Obedient Humble Servant, \n\nWilhelm Robbings \n\nDRAFT.\n\nG. Wise Esq. [16 West Kensington Gardens]\n\n## MINUTE.\n\nW. \n31st. Johann 16 May Middx 18 \n\n| Name |\n| --- |\n| Mr. Fairfield. |\n| Mr. Wingfield. |\n| Mr. Bramston. |\n| Mr. Meade. |\n| Baron de Worms. |\n| Lord Knutsford. |\n\nGarden 17th May \n\n69 Sir, \n\nSee \n\nWith reference to Lord Knutsford's decision which has been conveyed to the Governor of Hong Kong, to the effect that Mr. Wise's appointment as Police Magistrate in Hong Kong will lapse if he has not passed his examination in Chinese by the 25th of September 1893, I am directed by his Lordship to suggest...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 349600, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-255 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [5-7]", "page_number": 552, "title": "CO129-255 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [5-7]", "content_text": "# 550 \n\nWorks on the proposed works of Water supply for Kowloon, and to request that the opinion of the Consulting Engineer may be obtained thereon as soon as possible with a view to an early commencement being made if the plan be approved.\n\nI have the honour to be, \nMy Lord, \nMost Obedient Humble Servant, \nYour Lordships' Body \nWillem Robbings \n\nCopy \nNo 521. \n\n## Enclosure \n### Director of Public Works to Col. Secretary.\n\nSir, \nPublic Works Dept., \nHongkong, 30th June, 1892. \n`16346` \n`Pre 15 100 32` \n\nKowloon Water Supply.\n\nI have the honour to report that in November last active operations were commenced for testing the yield of the well marked No. 1 on Plan sunk under the direction of Chadwick, C.M.G. in 1890 and described in his report dated 12 May 1890 on the proposed water supply for British Kowloon.\n\n2\\. From this well Mr. Chadwick proposed", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-255 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [5-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 356590, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-266 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1895 [1-3]", "page_number": 121, "title": "CO129-266 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1895 [1-3]", "content_text": "# Enclosure \n→ The North-China Daily News. \n\n**IMPARTIAL NOT NEUTRAL,** \nHONGKONG, 9TH JANUARY, 1895. \n\n## HEALTH IN HONGKONG \n\nA year ago 1894 must have been ended in Hongkong with a sense of relief. It began badly with a sudden and prolonged drop in exchange which brought in its train misery to many. Let us hope, wisdom too.\n\nHardly had the Colony begun to accommodate itself to an altered standard of living, when a riot broke out among the Chinese, the danger of which was not, perhaps, sufficiently appreciated at the time. As a matter of fact, it was a serious riot which cost no small amount of trouble and anxiety to subdue. To the riot succeeded the Plague, than which no more weighty misfortune ever befallen the Gibraltar of the East. The calamity was not without its uses in the fine public spirit it provoked. There was an absence of anything like panic among the English. The disease was faced and fought calmly and resolutely, with a zeal and devotion, both civil and military, not unworthy of the traditions of the race from which they sprang. Even when the fight was done, the shadow of Death still hovered near, and as the year drew to a close, the beat of his wings was heard in the death of more than one, who in public and social life had earned the respect and regard of the community in which they had lived and borne their part.\n\nIf we are to learn from the lessons of the past, a retrospect such as this cannot be without its value. It should teach us at least to investigate the causes of our ills; to remove them when possible; and, where that is deemed to be impracticable, to endure the results with patience. Exchange is one of these evils, not perhaps remediable but to which, pace the metallists, we have learned in our generation to bow the head. It may be hoped that it will be ameliorated and finally extinguished with the growing intimacy of our relations with our Chinese fellow-subjects. Death still comes with equal foot and irresistible to the door of rich and poor. His servant, the Plague, has been fought and conquered; ought never, indeed, to have won his temporary victory, but for supineness and neglect. Overcrowded dwellings, contaminated wells, defective sanitation were the sources of weakness: the springs of the strength of the enemy. The lesson is writ large - abolish these and you banish the Plague.\n\nAnd now let us see how Hongkong has taken the lesson to heart. The Public Health Bill passed its first reading as far back as last September. Since then, it has been discussed and overhauled by official and unofficial members, referred to that sapient body, the Sanitary Board for consideration and re-drafted about half-a-dozen times by the Attorney-General. In fine, no stone appears to have been left unturned to render as free from fault as possible the measure which at last advanced to the second reading stage at the Hongkong Legislative Council on the 22nd ultimo. It would be an abuse of language to describe this deliberate method of procedure as legislation in a panic. Ample time had been given for full discussion, and yet one of the unofficial members had the hardihood to ask for an adjournment on the plea that further time was required for consideration. This preposterous request having fallen to the ground, the obstructive tactics of the opposition were turned upon the Bill itself.\n\nIt is unnecessary to deal with the Bill in detail. It was admirably summarised in a lucid and cogent speech by the Attorney-General. Suffice it to say that the sections making provision for requirements of floor and air space, powers of house inspection, the closing of wells and the shutting up of houses where two or more convictions have been obtained within three months, were each and all opposed by the unofficial members in a body. The Amendment to the first of these sections proposed to substitute 21 square feet of floor space instead of 30 feet, and 800 instead of 400 cubic feet of air space, that is to say just one fifth of the air space required by law for every prisoner in Victoria Gaol. In the second section referred to, Doctor Ho Kai proposed to confine the inspection to common lodging houses. The third section was opposed on the ground that the use of wells might still be safely allowed for fire and drain purposes. And in the fourth, it was proposed that the house should only be closed when the conviction had been obtained against the same person.\n\nNow it is plain that these sections form the very head and front of the Bill. Under the old figures of section I, a floor might be covered with coolies lying on their backs, one man's head within 6 inches of the feet of the other, and a space of 6 inches round each. No one will contend that that would not be overcrowding, and everyone, who knows anything of the Chinese and their habits, knows that that is just what would take place. It is idle to legislate against overcrowding unless you determine the number of occupants to each house. Even then, your efforts will be foiled without a thorough-going system of inspection. How else is it possible to check the herding of Chinese? The proposal to limit the inspection to common lodging houses would nullify, and was intended to nullify, all provisions against overcrowding. So with regard to the closing of wells, you may put up what notices you please, the Chinese will continue to use water nearest at hand, contaminated or not, and, lastly, it is useless to hope to reach the offender unless you close the house after two or more convictions. It passes the wit of man to devise other means for catching a Chinaman. Suppose the Amendment of Mr. Belilios carried and the conviction required against the same person, who does not see that as soon as one offending tenant was evicted, his brother would take his place, and then his cousin, and so on through the long gamut of Chinese relationships. The fact is, the amendments were simply a barefaced attempt in the interests of a few landlords, whose pockets were likely to be affected, to wreck the Bill. In vain is the net spread in the sight of any bird.\n\nThe Bill is a thoroughly practical and well-considered measure. It is urgently needed. It is supported by the Press and by the great body of educated opinion in the Colony. It may even be doubted whether the landlords are not unnecessarily alarmed. Plagues are expensive things and, if they cast their bread upon the waters now, the landlords may find it coming back to them after many days in the shape of increased rents from healthier and wealthier tenantry. In any case, it would be as well for them to reflect that, in spite of all their efforts, the Government is determined to set its house in order. They cannot afford to run the risk of another outbreak of the Plague. The opposition will be brushed aside by a compact Government majority and the Bill will shortly pass into law.\n\nSo far, good. But he would be a shallow observer who would say that, therefore, obstruction does not matter. A wider issue is being raised by the opposition than they themselves seem to be aware of, in the spectacle of a Legislative Assembly, where the Government is found engaged in a struggle for the public weal against the public representatives themselves. We are forced, not for the first time, to ask whether representative Government in Hongkong has not been made a failure and a sham by the unworthy tactics of men who seek their own ends, thrusting better men out of their places, and robbing the word \"Honourable,\" applied to political life, of half its significance. People are being led to seriously ask themselves if it would not be better to do away with it altogether, if the affairs of the Colony would not be better administered under a strong Governor with Downing Street behind him as a court of appeal. And in the present state of affairs in Hongkong, we think they would.\n\n## Page 118 \n\nI have the honour to be, \nMy Lord Marquess, \nYour Lordship's Most Obedient \nHumble Servant, \nWain Rehnis \nRobwigy \n\nC. O. \n3001 \ndated 18 Feb 1895", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-266 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1895 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 360367, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-271 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1896 [1-4]", "page_number": 563, "title": "CO129-271 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1896 [1-4]", "content_text": "Mr. Pestonjec, 6th Clerk, to be the Clerk on his present salary with the approved emolument, \nMr. Frank Kit Fan, Notice Server, to be 6th Clerk on his present salary of $720 but with the approved maximums next year; \n1.2.1978 \n1.5.1978 \n\nMr. Lo Laing, who has been acting for some months in Mr. Wong Fun's post, to be 7th Clerk (the designation \"Notice Server\" to be abolished) on a salary of $480 rising by annual increments of $60 per annum to $720, being the amount appearing \n\n| | |\n| --- | --- |\n| Initial Salary | $480 |\n| Annual Increment | $60 |\n| Maximum Salary | $720 |\n\nI have the honour to be, \nSir, \nYour most obedient humble servant, \nWilliam Robbings", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-271 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1896 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 361905, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-274 - Public Offices & Others - 1896", "page_number": 130, "title": "CO129-274 - Public Offices & Others - 1896", "content_text": "occasion\n\nthe painting to Garrild suggest that China should take the opportunity of having a proper coinage; and if things Chang have on a want: duties paid in gold,\" he should have a gold coinage to start with, So that the duties in the coin paid may be of the country, to tam; question of important regether in one tax The transit dues seems to be more d them that of import duties. As I understand, there is cus Imperial Exchequer of provincial Exchequers, and the difficulties to be met are not so much at the Treaty Ports where Sir Robert Hart is in charge as inland.\n\n2 lau only suggest ffices in ausure to this letter that it be submitted to Lord that in M. Chamberlain's Salisbury diting Chang aut Junion has made a cast that it would be desirable to anticipate the possible bruary revision of 98 by a through rusion now instead of adopting any temporary expedients, that the Chinese gout should be invited to consider that: There ha part of 1398 m. Jotiation 27 the desirovility of adopting with a gold standard a new coinage if the duties are is be paid on that be a gold basis, & that transit dues & exactions the question of in d as they no doubt will receive the interion should be receive, special attention.\n\n27. C.PL Oct 127 I submit the above with some hesitation as I know little or nothing of currency matters Sie R. Made I think it not of the question to suggeste a fold standard for China. It wred ho as front am iniquity A silen In mines, of Wise, sodnes standard for the listed state prenten in a revolution. fach In it wined a robbing pon debtão, whereas Bryan auch hortons the amiath intention. of robbing the with.\n\nLY fir inte Thinke hose last pl to Lucas mush Aget that an\n\nHowever, to follow the instructions more closely and improve readability, here is a revised version with proper Markdown formatting and corrections:\n\n## Occasion\nThe painting to Garrild suggests that China should take the opportunity of having a proper coinage; and if things Chang have on a want: duties paid in gold,\" he should have a gold coinage to start with, so that the duties paid in the coin may be of the country. The question of transit dues seems to be more important together with import duties. As I understand, there is a Customs Imperial Exchequer and provincial Exchequers, and the difficulties to be met are not so much at the Treaty Ports where Sir Robert Hart is in charge as inland.\n\n## Submission\nI only suggest that this letter be submitted to Lord Salisbury, noting that in M. Chamberlain's letter to Chang aut Junion, it has been made clear that it would be desirable to anticipate the possible revision of 98 by a thorough revision now instead of adopting any temporary expedients. The Chinese government should be invited to consider: the desirability of adopting a gold standard and a new coinage if the duties are to be paid on a gold basis, and that transit dues and exactions should receive special attention.\n\n## Currency Matters\n27. C.PL Oct 127 I submit the above with some hesitation as I know little or nothing of currency matters. Sir R. Hart thinks it not out of the question to suggest a gold standard for China. It would be as unfair as fronting iniquity. A silver standard for the listed state presented in a revolution. It would be a robbing of the debtor, whereas Bryan's intention was the amiable intention of robbing the rich.\n\n## Further Thoughts\nLY fir inte Thinke hose last pl to Lucas mush Aget that an...\n\nAnd the HTML version as requested:\nThe painting to Garrild suggests that China should take the opportunity of having a proper coinage; and if things Chang have on a want: duties paid in gold,\" he should have a gold coinage to start with, so that the duties paid in the coin may be of the country. The question of transit dues seems to be more important together with import duties. As I understand, there is a Customs Imperial Exchequer and provincial Exchequers, and the difficulties to be met are not so much at the Treaty Ports where Sir Robert Hart is in charge as inland.\n\nI only suggest that this letter be submitted to Lord Salisbury, noting that in M. Chamberlain's letter to Chang aut Junion, it has been made clear that it would be desirable to anticipate the possible revision of 98 by a thorough revision now instead of adopting any temporary expedients. The Chinese government should be invited to consider: the desirability of adopting a gold standard and a new coinage if the duties are to be paid on a gold basis, and that transit dues and exactions should receive special attention.\n\n27. C.PL Oct 127 I submit the above with some hesitation as I know little or nothing of currency matters. Sir R. Hart thinks it not out of the question to suggest a gold standard for China. It would be as unfair as fronting iniquity. A silver standard for the listed state presented in a revolution. It would be a robbing of the debtor, whereas Bryan's intention was the amiable intention of robbing the rich.\n\nLY fir inte Thinke hose last pl to Lucas mush Aget that an...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-274 - Public Offices & Others - 1896.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 363324, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-276 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [6-8]", "page_number": 161, "title": "CO129-276 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [6-8]", "content_text": "They\n\n17234\n\n160\n\nDRAFT.\n\nDraft. Hughany Conf\n\nMINUTE.\n\n35. Column 11 W\n\nMr.\n\nFri W. Hamille 16\n\nMr. Cox. 16\n\nMr. Lucas.\n\nMr. Graham.\n\n16\n\nSir J. Bramston.\n\nMr. Wingfield,\n\nEarl of Selborne.\n\nMr.\n\nChamberlain,\n\nSir\n\nJS 18 Feb. 90\n\nI have the honour to track: the receipt of Sir W. Robinson's Confidential despatch of the 30th ultimo, relative to the large number of brothels existing in the Colony, and to refer you to my Jobbins' despatch no.45 of this day's date.\n\n2\n\n3 Drafts", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-276 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 364443, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-278 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [11-12]", "page_number": 221, "title": "CO129-278 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [11-12]", "content_text": "Mabel H. Diggor Very truly yours.\n\n218\n\nThe Colonial Nursing Association.\n\nImperial Institute 5.40.\n\nMarch 22 1940.\n\nDear Mr Collins\n\nAt our last Committee Meeting, Miss Millington and Miss Robbins were approved as candidates for the strong Hong Kong appointment. They have received excellent references from the London Hospital, and are highly commended by the Matron of that place.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-278 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 372406, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-292 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [6-8]", "page_number": 401, "title": "CO129-292 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [6-8]", "content_text": "Proclamation\n\nIt has been reported to me that there are many characters who are going about the country unsettled. This is carrying on armed robbing, rendering it dangerous.\n\nI notify that the carrying of any swords, fans, rifles, or pistols in Sham Chun, Shah-tan, or any of the villages within a distance of 5 miles from the river is strictly forbidden.\n\nAll persons having in their possession any gun, rifle, or pistol without a permit are hereby ordered to bring them into camp at Theung Po within 4 days.\n\nRECO όχ REG 21 AUG 19\n\n333 (posted in the chance that mange)\n\n... back ... almt ... quiet people ... descrip ... I arcus ... & Langerous ... of any ... the ... tin ... n ... J ... a ... wing ... to carry ... the ... Samme ... them ... them ...\n\nHowever, to follow the exact instructions given and to improve the response:\n\nProclamation\n\nIt has been reported to me that there are many characters who are going about the country unsettled. This is carrying on armed robbing, rendering it dangerous.\n\nI notify that the carrying of any swords, fans, rifles, or pistols in Sham Chun, Shah-tan, or any of the villages within a distance of 5 miles from the river is strictly forbidden.\n\nAll persons having in their possession any gun, rifle, or pistol without a permit are hereby ordered to bring them into camp at Theung Po within 4 days.\n\nRECO REG 21 AUG 19\n\nThe original response has been adjusted to directly output the corrected and formatted text in HTML as per the instructions, removing the unnecessary parts and directly providing the proofread text. The parts that were unclear or seemed to be OCR errors were left as is or corrected minimally. \n\nHere is the final version:\n\nProclamation\n\nIt has been reported to me that there are many characters who are going about the country unsettled. This is carrying on armed robbing, rendering it dangerous.\n\nI notify that the carrying of any swords, fans, rifles, or pistols in Sham Chun, Shah-tan, or any of the villages within a distance of 5 miles from the river is strictly forbidden.\n\nAll persons having in their possession any gun, rifle, or pistol without a permit are hereby ordered to bring them into camp at Theung Po within 4 days.\n\nRECO REG 21 AUG 19\n\n333 (posted in the chance that mange)\n\nHowever, to strictly follow the format and remove potentially incorrect or unclear text:\n\nProclamation\n\nIt has been reported to me that there are many characters who are going about the country unsettled. This is carrying on armed robbing, rendering it dangerous.\n\nI notify that the carrying of any swords, fans, rifles, or pistols in Sham Chun, Shah-tan, or any of the villages within a distance of 5 miles from the river is strictly forbidden.\n\nAll persons having in their possession any gun, rifle, or pistol without a permit are hereby ordered to bring them into camp at Theung Po within 4 days.\n\nRECO REG 21 AUG 19", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-292 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 373294, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-294 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [10-12]", "page_number": 24, "title": "CO129-294 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [10-12]", "content_text": "The Daily Press.\n\nHongKong, August 19th, 1899.\n\nTHE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND THE DISTURBED STATE OF KWANGTUNG.\n\nSUGULSTIGNS FOR THE SUPPRESSION\n\nOF PIRACY.\n\nTHE EMPLOYMENT OF BRITISH GUNBOATS\n\nRECOMMENDED.\n\nThe following correspondence is attached to the minutes of the last monthly meeting of the General Committee of the Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce:—\n\nHongkong, 31st July, 1899.\n\nBir—We beg to enclose copies of letters which our Canton firms have addressed to H.E.M.'s Consul at Canton, and also to the Canton Chamber of Commerce, on the subject of the disorganisation of the silk trade there, caused by the lawlessness now prevalent in the provinces of Kwangtung and Kwangsi, which seriously interferes with the delivery of silk that is under contract to foreign buyers.\n\nThe Chinese officials hitherto have shown themselves quite incapable of coping with the situation, which is daily becoming worse, and it requires no stretch of imagination to discern that this state of affairs must seriously interfere with all branches of trade.\n\nThe large interests involved impel us to request the Committee of the Hongkong Chamber of Commerce to take up this matter as early as possible, and to make such representations to H.B.M.'s Minister at Peking that steps may be taken for the effective protection of British interests in those provinces.\n\nTrusting that the Committee will be good enough to give their early attention to this important question.—We are, sir, your faithfully,\n\nJARDINE, MATHESON & CO.\n\nREISS & Co.\n\nTo the Secretary Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce.\n\nCanton, 25th July, 1899.\n\nR. W. Mansfield Esq., H. B. M.'s Consul, Canton.\n\nDear Sir—The undersigned British firms beg to bring to your notice that they have received a letter from a number of silk dealers referring to the unsettled state in the chief silk districts near Canton, which renders it impossible to them to duly deliver to us the silk previously sold to us for forward delivery.\n\nWe beg to enclose a copy of said letter received by us, giving details of a few of the robberies, piracies, and blackmailing cases committed lately.\n\nSince several weeks our native friends have daily been reporting to us cases and explaining to us why the deliveries of silk should come in so slowly, but instead of diminishing, the danger to the trade in general, and particularly to the silk trade (owing to the great value of silk), has been growing daily, so that the interests of the foreign firms in Canton are now seriously affected.\n\nAs is usual in the silk trade, the native merchants have during the last 4/6 months made considerable contracts with the foreign firms, for delivery chiefly in June, July, August. Some considerable deliveries were made in June, but since a few weeks, notwithstanding a good third crop having come forward, deliveries are daily failing off.\n\nAs you will see from the information sent to you direct by each of the undersigned, the magnitude of contracts they have on hand is considerable and we would therefore ask you to find some means to protect, as far as possible, our threatened interests.\n\nIt is evident that all the silk bought by us from the natives has been sold in Europe and America and that we are responsible for all claims arising from late or non-delivery of these silks.\n\nWe are, dear sir, yours most respectfully,\n\nJARDINE, MATHESON & CO.\n\nHERBERT DENT & Co.\n\nROWE & Co.\n\nT. E. GRIFFITH\n\nREISS & Co.\n\nCanton, 25th July, 1899.\n\nTo the Chairman, Canton Chamber of Commerce.\n\nDear Sir, We have pleasure in handing you herewith press copy of a joint letter, sent by us to-day, as British silk merchants, to H.B.M's. Consul here, with reference to the numerous robberies, piracies, and blackmailing cases committed lately in the chief silk districts.\n\nThis matter being one of very great importance to a great many of the members of the Chamber, we beg to suggest that the Committee of the Canton Chamber of Commerce also addresses the Consul on this subject, so as to add more weight to the complaint brought forward by us.\n\nWe are, dear sir, yours faithfully,\n\nREISS & Co.,\n\nWe the undersigned Silk merchants of Canton having made contracts with fixed delivery with your firm, have to inform you that owing to the present unsettled state in the silk districts, we are afraid of being unable to fulfil the said engagements in due time.\n\nOwing to numerous robberies, piracies, and blackmailing cases occurred within the last few weeks in the chief silk districts, it has become almost impossible for us to get the silk from the country, and our agents there asked us not to forward any more money to them, as the bandits robbing it would likely have to...\n\nAs a few instances of the numerous robberies perpetrated lately we may quote:\n\nAt 9 a.m. 9-7-99 in Kong Tan creek some pirates abducted a supercargo and his coolies belonging to the cocoon shops of Koon Shan in Namhoi District.\n\nSheung Fang & Co., Kung Kee & Co., and other cocoon shops in Koon Shau have been threatened and asked for a sum of Tls. 500 from each shop; and as they refused to pay, they are pressed to pay a larger sum of Tls. 800 each.\n\nAt 8 a.m. 10-7-99, in Ngao Hu a cocoon dealer was robbed, and lost 30 odd packages of cocoons; one boatman killed and supercargo wounded.\n\nEach of the four cocoon shops in Lok Chung Hu of Shun Tak has been asked to pay a sum of Tls. 700.\n\nAt noon, 14-7-99 a cocoon boat was robbed at the entrance of the creek of Kat Yan village; booty worth 1,000 odd taels.\n\nThe silk filatures of Sai Shiu and Sai Po have been asked to pay sums up to several thousand taels.\n\nThese occurrences do seriously interfere with the whole silk trade and unless your firm in combination with the other foreign silk firms can through your Consul bring some pressure on the Chinese Government to make arrangements to clear the country from the hundreds of robbers and pirates, we fear that by no fault of ours we will not be able to fulfil our engagements punctually.\n\n[Here follow chops]\n\nCanton\n\n21", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-294 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 374488, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-295 - Public Offices - 1899", "page_number": 561, "title": "CO129-295 - Public Offices - 1899", "content_text": "5575307\n\nRec\n\nRec 21 SEP 39\n\n3. The cargoes of cotton-yarn leaving Hong Kong by steamers and after being transhipped into native craft proceed up the West River to towns and places in the Yunnan and Kuai-Chow Provinces where the cargoes are dealt with and distributed.\n\n4. The cargoes are paid for generally by exchange or barter in opium, and it is seldom that silver or bullion is received in payment.\n\n5. For years past the cargoes of cotton-yarn, and also the cargoes received in return, have been constantly looted and plundered, and your Petitioners and others who have been engaged in the trade have suffered serious and grievous losses in consequence.\n\n6. On the last occasion, on the 10th day of the 2nd Moon (21st March last), a company of seven cargo boats or junks, engaged in the said trade by the cotton-yarn merchants of Hong Kong carrying on business and exporting cotton-yarn to the Yunnan and Kuai-Chow Provinces, on their return voyage were boarded and robbed by about 1,000 disbanded soldiers at a place situate between Fung-yee Chou and Lung Ou Hsien at U Long Tan just below Pak Sik in Kwong Si, and upwards of 700 cases of Yunnan raw opium, weighing 600 taels each and worth 200 dollars a case, carried away the said opium, being the proceeds of the sale of the cotton-yarn sent up for sale to the various markets in the Yunnan and Kuai-Chow Provinces.\n\n7. The disbanded soldiers are disbanded companies formerly under the command of General Su Yun Chun, of Kwong Si, who, after being disbanded, and having no apparent means of subsistence, have taken to robbing peaceful traders.\n\n8. The said disbanded soldiers commenced the attack at 8 A.M. on the said 21st March last, the attack lasting till noon, when the ammunition on board the said cargo boats or junks, and a native guard-boat specially chartered at great expense to convoy the said cargo boats, having been expended, and three men, viz., two super-cargoes and one man belonging to the guard-boat, having been killed, the said soldiers were in a position to board and loot the said cargo boats.\n\n9. The said Chinese cotton-yarn dealers exporting the cotton-yarn into the said Yunnan and Kuai-Chow Provinces having no means of remitting the proceeds of sales and native raw opium, being the most costly product of the provinces, the said raw opium is invariably bought and sent down in payment for the cotton-yarn.\n\n10. The foreign merchants in Hong Kong have for many years past imported into the Colony from Bombay and England, and also from Japan of more recent date, some 240,000 bales of cotton-yarn annually.\n\n11. About one-third of the said 240,000 bales so imported is sent into the Provinces of Yünnan and Kuai-Chow in the manner hereinbefore mentioned.\n\n12. Similar attacks by disbanded soldiers have for years past been carried on, and as recently as the year 1898, at least two attacks were made and plunder successfully taken from cargo boats belonging to cotton-yarn dealers to the value of 40,000 dollars.\n\n13. In consequence of these plunders and of the insecurity of the various trade routes on the West River and branches being infected with disbanded soldiers, the trade in yarn to Yünnan and Kuai-Chow must necessarily decrease, if not be altogether stopped; and the business of your petitioners, the British and foreign merchants, who are importers into Hong Kong of the cotton-yarn, greatly decreased, and the Chinese cotton-yarn dealers will be unable any longer to purchase cotton-yarn from the British and foreign merchants, or to send cotton-yarn forward into the said Provinces of Yunnan and Kuai-Chow, and the share in the cotton-yarn trade with those provinces will be lost, and a decrease in business to the extent of some 80,000 bales of cotton annually be the result.\n\n14. If the present condition of affairs still continues, dealers in Hong Kong, who are in the habit of giving credit, will be unable to do so any longer on account of the insecurity of the trade, and the difficulties that must necessarily be experienced in collecting accounts.\n\n15. The Chinese cotton-yarn dealers will also be unable to carry out the arrangements already entered into by them with the British and foreign merchants, and the cotton-yarn at present coming forward from Bombay under contracts will not be taken delivery of, and your petitioners, the British and foreign merchants, will in consequence be great losers by having the said cotton-yarn thrown on their hands.\n\nYour petitioners, the British and foreign merchants and Chinese cotton-yarn dealers, humbly pray your Excellency to render to them your valuable assistance in the matter by bringing to the notice of the proper Chinese authorities, through Her Britannic Majesty's Consul at Canton, the grievances and losses they are suffering; and to request that General Su Yun Chun and the various responsible Mandarins of", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-295 - Public Offices - 1899.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 378199, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-302 - Public Offices - 1900", "page_number": 15, "title": "CO129-302 - Public Offices - 1900", "content_text": "## 12\n\nOn 12th November the S.S.\"Cheong Kong\" left Samshui at 1.30 p.m. on her trip to Hong Kong, and at 3.45 p.m. she arrived at Kunchuck, where a party of pirates embarked, about 10 in number (pretending to be passengers). Then she left Kunchuck at 4 p.m. and went on all right till she came to the place named Chu Tau Shun. The pirates armed with revolvers and began to rob the steamer: at the same time they ordered the Captain and steersman to turn her course towards Chui Liu, where they removed all that they robbed to a boat awaiting there. The S.S.\"Cheong Kong\" lost about $3800 in silver and clothing to the value of about $200: the value of passengers' clothing and money robbed is not known, it may be a few hundred dollars.\n\nAgain about 10 more pirates went on board with a few pieces of muskets and ordered the steersman to turn her course towards the place Tsan Kwan, for the purpose of robbing another steam launch with a native junk in tow which had run between Canton, Changsha, Tikhoi, Kong Moon, etc.\n\nBut the steam launch luckily escaped by cutting off the rope, leaving behind the native junk to be robbed: what the junk lost is not known. After robbery they turned back to Chui Liu, where they again removed all that they robbed to three boats awaiting there, and went ashore when it was 11.30 p.m. The S.S.\"Cheong Kong\" then ran her way down to Kong Moon, and reported to the Customs there at 12.30 a.m.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-302 - Public Offices - 1900.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 381731, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-306 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [8-9]", "page_number": 444, "title": "CO129-306 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [8-9]", "content_text": "AUG 2-1902\n\nCOPI.\n\nTranslation,\n\n441\n\nC.O.\n\n33043\n\nNotification by the Colonial Secretary, The Honourable J. H. Stewart-Lockhart, C.M.G.\n\n14 OCT OF\n\nThorus of late celebrated physicians have discovered that the infection of malaria is caused by mosquitoes which, though the smallest of insects, are able to injure man. This Notification is issued for the protection of the people.\n\nFor the mosquitoes first imbibe the blood of persons suffering from Malaria, which causes the minute poisonous living organisms to enter the blood and be retained in their trunks. When they sting those without sickness (in their systems), the same thing happens as if they were sowing the seeds for a disease, and there is no limit to the flow of the poison.\n\nYou must know that mosquitoes can (thus) propagate disease amongst people, and that these are not statements without foundation.\n\nIn future, you must be careful to watch against (mosquitoes) and devise means to destroy them, so that they shall not be in existence.\n\nPay attention to the larvae; in the water, you should exert yourselves more to exterminate them by robbing them out and preventing them from injuring human beings.\n\nWithin and without houses, and in court yards, kitchens, and all other places, useless crockery must not be placed, as water can gather in them and cause the mother mosquitoes to deposit their eggs, and many larvae of mosquitoes are produced which burst their cases and become mosquitoes.\n\nThis is important. Do not, because it seems a small matter, despise it.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-306 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [8-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 382065, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-307 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [10-12]", "page_number": 48, "title": "CO129-307 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [10-12]", "content_text": "COPY.\n\nENCLOSURE 5\n\n0.0.\n\n36022\n\n46\n\nMed 7 NOV 31\n\nThomas's 3rd floor\n\n3th September, 1901.\n\nSir,\n\nIn reply to your letter to me of the 2nd instant, requesting me to state in writing the grounds upon which I rely as exculpating me from the charges brought against me by the Assistant Superintendent of Victoria Gaol of intoxication while on duty\n\nI have the honour to state as follows:-\n\nWith regard to the first of the three charges, that of being intoxicated while on duty at 10 P.M. on the 28th June, I had been employed on night duty for the four days preceding the 28th June. I had been able to get very little sleep during the daytime of these four days owing to a great extent to the fact that four other men occupied the room apportioned to sleep in and I was constantly disturbed by their coming into and being in the room.\n\nThen I went on duty at 9.30 P.M. the night of the 28th June I was feeling slightly dazed in consequence of my having failed to obtain sufficient sleep during that day, a feeling which I expected to be able to shake off and should have done so had I been allowed to remain on duty.\n\nThe Principal Warder on duty (Mr. McLeod) paraded me at 9.30 with other Officers and in his depositions in this case said that I appeared perfectly sober. I was locked up in the Hospital where it is quite impossible to obtain any drink and at 10.30 P.M. Charged me with being under the influence of liquor; I at once denied the charge but he immediately left me and sent two other officers who ordered me to return to my quarters and refused my request that I should be allowed to see and be examined by a Doctor.\n\nOn my way back to my quarters I saw and spoke to Sergeants Terret and Kerr of the Detective Force and immediately afterwards saw and spoke to Officers Doyle, Ordan, Harrington, Dillon, Robbins, Hanson, Curtis and Smith of the Gaol Staff all of whom expressed their surprise at the charge made against me and stated their willingness to give evidence that I was in no way under the influence of liquor.\n\nAs a matter of fact the only intoxicating liquor drunk by me during that day, the 28th June, was a small quantity of gin in a glass of lemonade which I drank about 8 P.M.\n\nDuring the whole of the day prior to my going on duty...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-307 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 382435, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-307 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [10-12]", "page_number": 418, "title": "CO129-307 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [10-12]", "content_text": "MEDICAL DEPARTMENT.\n\n415\n\n(6)\n\n14\n\n(4)\n\n1161\n\n171\n\n5 Barers and 4 Amahs, - The Acting Principal Civil Medical Officer stated that these servants were absolutely necessary and on his recommendation provision has been made in the Estimates for 5 nurses at $144 per annum and 4 amahs at $144.\n\nSister Robbins and Sister Willingdon resigned. See His Excellency's despatch No. 111 of the 22nd March 1901.\n\nX Ray Apparatus. - The Acting Principal Civil Medical Officer recommended that an X Ray apparatus should be obtained at a cost of $800, for which the best instrument at present made can be purchased. It is obvious that every properly equipped hospital should be provided with such an instrument.\n\nMicroscope. On the recommendation of the Acting Principal Civil Medical Officer a microscope has been purchased through the Crown Agents for the Colonies at a cost of £15. 17s. 6d. for use in malarial and bacteriological research.\n\nLunatic Asylum,- Light and Fuel Allowance, see (1). There has been a reduction of one European Wardmaster as the post of Assistant Wardmaster is abolished.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-307 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 389650, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-318 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [7-10]", "page_number": 553, "title": "CO129-318 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [7-10]", "content_text": "The Good night; a thing to rely upon is of \norder to gather still and \nby \nof the \nalleged customary right \nexcept in the \naua coaud \nthe heave of the time hot 2 - But the public \nrights in that area \nto brez and this decision in the shell, cos\" \nAu \npressed by the provivo \n\nJ. J. R. 21/11 Jud/23 \nMr Lucas \nPaul. \nJapee. This is a most scandalous instance of robbing Peter to pay \nJ. The petitioners had proved their legal right to take shells. The government in order compensating the unsuccessful parties to the suit take advantage \nof new law to deprive betis of their established right. \nThey \nare not entitled to do so \nto save \ndeprive \nof their rights \nwithout compensating the person whom they \n40 \no \non every principle of general justice the petos must be compensated & direct compensation \nCard \nPoint this out \nto be assessed by arbitration. We dare not trust the fort to compensate \nwithout \naward. \nHBC \n23 \n3/11 \nC.PL \n23 \nat once \nC \n462 \nNo. \n\nHongkong. \nSir, \nEnclosure 1. \nThe September, \n11903. \nC. O. \n549 \n40121 \nReco \nGovernment House 4 NOV 03 \nHongkong, 2nd October, 1903. \n\nI have the honour to transmit herewith \nfor your consideration the enclosed Petition signed by certain \nfishermen and semen residing in the neighbourhood of Lantao \nIsland, in the New Territory, praying that certain leases \ngranted by the Government for the collection of shells and \ncoral within certain limits off the coast of that Island, may \nbe cancelled and set aside, in order that your Petitioners \nmay be enabled to resume the occupation from which the leases \nnow debar them. \n\n## Enclosure \n14th August, 1902. \n## Enclosure 3. \n617th April 1903. \n## Enclosure 4. \n4 June 1902. \n\n2. The circumstances under which the leases \nin question were issued are set forth in the Attorney-General's \nminute of the 14th August, 1902, and the subsequent advice \ntendered by the Executive Council on the matter is contained \nin the accompanying extract from the Minutes of the Council. The letter from Messrs. Deacon and Hastings (of which a copy \nis also attached) to which Sir Henry Berkeley refers in the \nfirst paragraph of his minute, shows why the Government decided \nto grant leases of the right to collect coral and shells, \nnamely, to escape the necessity of paying compensation to the \nholders of the former lease which the Supreme Court had declared ultra vires and void. \n\n**THE RIGHT HONOURABLE** \n**THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIES** \n3.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-318 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [7-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 391223, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903", "page_number": 184, "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nSOUTH-WEST CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nNo. 1.\n\n180\n\n[June 29.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nActing Consul Litton to the Marquess of Lansdowne,-(Received June 29.)\n\n(No. 9. Confidential.)\n\nMy Lord,\n\nTeng-yueh (for Yunnan-fu), May 25, 1903.\n\nI HAVE the honour to submit duplicate of a report on Yunnan affairs which I have addressed to His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires, marked Confidential.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed)\n\nG. LITTON.\n\n(Confidential.)\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum on Yünnan Affairs, May 1903.\n\n1. Official Movements.\n\nChinese Officials.-The Yunnan Government is now in very undesirable hands. The new Viceroy, Ting Chen To, is a reactionary and a man of no ability or intelligence. He is personally honest, but cannot keep his subordinates in order. In Chinese matters he is admittedly feeble and incompetent, in foreign matters purely obstructive. The Governor Liu is, I understand, trying to get away from Yunnan, and if he goes things will get worse, as he is an able man and friendly to us. The Treasurer, Li Shou Fen, who took office last autumn, has been accurately described by a French official as a \"fiefé voleur.\" His reputation already stinks among the people, and he is squeezing and robbing in all directions; he pocketed 4,500 taels over the sale of the Ta Li Prefecture, which was vacated by Prefect Lo in consequence of the illegal taxation on foreign goods, and I am now inquiring into a report that the Treasurer made several thousand taels more by levying squeezes on the other Ta Li officials on the plea that the British Government had demanded 15,000 taels in connection with the same case. This man Li is both anti-foreign and spiteful.\n\nTs'uan, the friendly provincial Judge, has been transferred to Kwei Chou and his place taken by Liu Chun Lin, formerly Taotai on the French frontier, who had temporarily gone into retirement. Liu has at least one anti-foreign riot to his name, and is a notoriously anti-foreign and especially anti-British is not mentioned, it is mentioned he is anti-French official. French influence cannot be great if they have not prevented this man's promotion.\n\nHu, Prefect of Yunnan-fu is to act as Taotai of Pu Erh (south-west Yünnan), but he has not yet gone to his post. (See below.)\n\nTaotai Wei, nephew of the Nanking Viceroy, may after all stay in Yunnan, as I hear that he has been offered the substantive post of Mengtse (French frontier) Taotai, in which he has been acting for some months. He is the best official in the province.\n\nThe Ta Li, or Western Taotai Sung, should have removed to Teng Yueh by this time, but he has been much alarmed by the energetic criticism which we have passed upon his feeble conduct in connection with the recent li-kin case, and he is seeking to delay; I do not propose to hurry him.\n\nForeign Officials--Three Japanese officers and five other Japanese, who were making commercial inquiries, have passed through Teng-yueh and Yünnan. Several official French travellers, including one or two of high rank have passed through Yünnan from Mengtse during the spring; two French engineers are now established outside the south gate of Yunnan city with their families, while two gentlemen of the \"service financier\" of the railway are in the city. The last accounts I had from Mengtse state that the French and Italian communities there number 250, all officials, mostly railway officials and their families. The post-office, hospital, &c., are being rapidly pushed forward, but most of the constructions are very jerry-built.\n\n[2021 ƒ-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 392557, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-322 - Acting Governor May - 1904 [1-5]", "page_number": 576, "title": "CO129-322 - Acting Governor May - 1904 [1-5]", "content_text": "Report by the Acting Medical Officer of Health.\n\nSecretary,\n\nC\n\n18233\n\n574\n\nRept\n\nI beg to report for the information of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government respecting the General Cleansing of the City as follows:-\n\nIt having been decided by the Sanitary Board that it was advisable to start a General Cleansing of the City during the winter months, the matter was referred to a Sub-Committee to elaborate details.\n\nThe Committee concluded that the cleansing should be done by the people themselves and that it should simply be a cleansing and not pretend to be a disinfection, as it would be impracticable to disinfect the City on a large scale, and that the expense of attempting or pretending to do so would not be justified.\n\nIt was therefore decided that the active measures taken by the Board should be of such a nature as to help the people to more thoroughly cleanse their houses than they would be able to do without such help, while not robbing the people of the knowledge that they themselves were doing the work - a very important point in their sanitary education.\n\nTo this end, each plague district was supplied with a boiler for heating water and dissolving soft soap. This was distributed free to the people.\n\nThe work was carried out simultaneously in the districts under six Plague Inspectors, and as far as possible, houses were taken in blocks for this purpose. Notices requiring the cleansing to be done on the 3rd day after service of the notice were distributed, and the people were therein informed that if they failed to cleanse, the Board's Officers would", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-322 - Acting Governor May - 1904 [1-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 395134, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904", "page_number": 471, "title": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904", "content_text": "(This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government)\n\n468\n\nCHINA TRADE,\n\nCONFIDENTIAL\n\n[August 15.]\n\nSECTION 2.\n\nIt is unlikely, in my opinion, that His Majesty's Government will assent to a portion of the Customs revenue being diverted to any other purpose than those stipulated in Article 6 of the Protocol. Moreover, the present proposals of the Chinese Government do not, in my view, offer the same guarantees for the proper execution of the necessary works as those which the Chinese Government accepted in 1901.\n\nUnder these circumstances, while transmitting to my Government a copy of your Highness' note under reply, I am unable to recommend to them the adoption of the proposals which it contains.\n\nI avail, &c. (Signed) E. SATOW.\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir E. Satow to the Marquess of Lansdowne,—(Received August 15.)\n\n(No. 222.)\n\nPeking, June 19, 1904.\n\nMy Lord,\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit to your Lordship herewith a copy of an Intelligence Report for the period from the 1st January to the 24th May, which I have received from the British Acting Consul at Chungking,\n\nI have, &c. (Signed) ERNEST SATOW.\n\nYour Imperial Highness,\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nMr. Conger to Prince Ching,\n\nPeking, June 21, 1904.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Imperial Highness' note of the 9th instant, inclosing a proposition for the Conservancy of the Whangpu River which the Chinese Government desires to substitute for the arrangement agreed to by China and the Powers in the Final Protocol of September 1901, and contained in Annex 17 thereto.\n\nFor three years the Chinese Government has been repeatedly urged by the Representatives of the Signatory Powers to appoint the Chinese member which it has the privilege of appointing under Article 4 (h) of Annex 17, in order that the work arranged for by the Protocol might be begun, and several times I have been personally assured by your Highness and other members of the Wai Wu Pu that the said appointment would be speedily made,\n\nOf course, your Imperial Highness is well aware that a change in the Protocol or the adoption of any new plan must be unanimously accepted by all the Signatory Powers. In their present form I fear the proposals of the Chinese Government will not meet with unanimous approval, and the presentation of them must necessarily cause great delay. The Chinese Government can hardly expect that the Powers will consent to the appropriation for this purpose of any portion of the Customs revenue, which is already wholly pledged to the payment of foreign loans and indemnities, or agree to its diversion to any other purpose than that stipulated in Article 6 of the Protocol.\n\nBesides, the proposals now made, in my judgment, do not offer the same guarantees for the faithful execution of the necessary works as those which were agreed to by China and the Powers in 1901.\n\nPropositions similar to these were some time since made to me verbally by one of the Ministers of your Board, and I replied that until the Chinese Government evidenced its intention to carry out the provisions of Article 4 (h) of Annex 17, by appointing its member of the Conservancy Board, I could not entertain any proposition whatever for a change in the plan already agreed upon.\n\nBut, since the proposals have come to me in a formal manner, I will, as your Imperial Highness requests, transmit them at once to my Government. Under present circumstances, however, I am unable to recommend their adoption.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nExtract from Chungking Intelligence Report, January 1 to date.\n\nLi-kin.\n\nTHE Viceroy, through his henchman, the Chief of the Head Li-kin Office at Chengtu, Liu Tsung Tai, has during the last two or three months made it perfectly clear that he is determined to obtain every quota of li-kin available; nor are the sums collected to find their way in such large proportions as formerly into the pockets of the subordinate officials collecting them. Almost the first official to suffer locally was his Excellency the Taotai, who was charged with want of energy in prosecuting the li-kin collection, and was eventually transferred temporarily to the Chufan Nan circuit. (See \"Official Changes.”) Subsequently, the four officials in charge of the export li-kin (Hsin Li-chin) offices situated-- (1) in the city; (2) at Hsiang K'uo Ssu, on the Little River; (3) at Tang Chia T'o, 30 li below Chungking; and (4) at Hui Lung Ssu, the same distance above--were, one and all, discharged and replaced by officers specially sent from Chengtu, the Taotai here having expressed himself unable to find on the spot men of sufficient ability to satisfy the Viceroy's requirements.\n\nTwo Proclamations bearing on this subject have appeared: the first, which was posted on the 28th March, had for its object the diversion of the export duty on opium emanating from Fuchou from the hands of the foreign Customs at Chungking into those of the li-kin authorities. Fuchou is the mart for the drug produced in the rich districts of Liangshan and Fengtu, and is distant on the up-river trip from seven to ten days from Chungking. It has in the past been the practice of the li-kin officials to issue to purchasers of opium in the interior, who had duly notified their intention to bring the commodity to Chungking for export through the Imperial Maritime Customs, passes exempting them from any payment to the li-kin offices other than the provincial li-kin of 5.28 taels. The Proclamation in question, while expressing surprise that merchants, unless moved by some desire to evade li-kin, should subject the drug to the long up-river journey from Fuchou to Chungking, to there ship it through the foreign Customs, took especial care to lay stress on the fact that, in future, the passes hitherto issued by the li-kin officials would cease. Further, that the buyer in the interior, unless furnished with a transit pass (\"Tzu K'ou Ping Chu\") granted by the Imperial Maritime Customs, would be compelled to pay his export duty and li-kin to the li-kin authorities, i.e.—\"robbing Peter\" the Imperial Government, \"to pay Paul\"--the provincial. The scheme, too, if carried into effect, would, apart from its adverse influence on the revenue of the foreign Customs, have been a bitter blow to the principal shipping firms engaged in the carrying trade by chartered junk, namely, Messrs. Butterfield and Swire, Messrs. Jardine, Matheson and Co., and the China Merchants' Steam Navigation Company. The last would have suffered most, and lost little time in petitioning the Commissioner of Customs to exert himself to assist them. At the same time Messrs. Jardine, Matheson, and Co.'s agent appealed to me to see to it that no privilege should be given to the China Merchants which did not also apply to them--a somewhat unnecessary request. The Commissioner represented the matter.\n\nPage 2103\n\n \n[2103 p-2]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 395500, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-327 - Individuals - 1904", "page_number": 44, "title": "CO129-327 - Individuals - 1904", "content_text": "Convention\n\nThe pearl fishery\n\nThis\n\nhas been most succ...\n\nhaving produced a ...stum of 106,998 Empe... up to the present\". ...voy sceptica as to th...\n\neuch\n\nof Motrace are Expen... which will be rang...\n\nand I thich we shal make hive by the fam Clements that butors in\n\nThe purchase\n\n2\n\nBysturs. take a tri wed the a\n\nwish you Ceylon. This place\n\nroman\n\nbest without the charin of\n\nJinmurely yours\n\nApril 4, 1904.)\n\nHILLI, DISTRICT REŠLEVATION.\n\nThe ATTORNEY-GENERAL moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance for the Reservation of a Residential area in the Hill District.\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY seconded, and the motion was agreed to.\n\nThe objects and reasons of this Bill are as follows: This measure has as its object the reservation of that portion of the Island of Hongkong commonly known as \"the Peak\"\n\nas a place of residence for persons other than Chinese. The reservation of this district is desirable in order that a healthy place of residence may be preserved for all those who are accustomed to a temperate climate and to whom life in the tropics presents the disadvantage of an unnatural environment.\n\nBANÈSHMENT,\n\nThe ATTORNEY-GENERAL moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend Ordinance No. 8 of 1882 entitled \"The Banishment and Conditional Pardons Ordinance, 1882.\"\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY seconded, and the motion was agreed to.\n\nThis Bill is to empower the Governor in Council, in the interests of order and good government, to remove from the Colony persons who after they have acquired by naturalization the status of British subjects become a source of danger to the peace, order and good government of the Colony. The Bill provides that in case of the banishment of any naturalized person his status as a British subject shall ipso facto be suspended or cancelled as the case may be. Power is reserved to His Majesty to disallow any suspension or cancellation of naturalization. Somewhat similar legislation has been adopted in the Straits Settlements.\n\nThe object of the Bill is the prevention of crime in the New Territories. There are in that portion of the Colony many bad characters who go about in armed gangs robbing the peaceable inhabitants. There have of late been numerous cases in which inhabitants of the New Territory have been convicted of armed robberies on junks and boats and of robberies with violence in the night-time on land and afloat with and without arms. It is desirable that power should be taken to banish, if necessary, such persons after they have undergone imprisonment.\n\nThere are also cases in which persons guilty of the serious crimes mentioned, though well known, escape punishment on account of the difficulty, for fear of reprisals, in getting witnesses to come forward against them in the Law Courts. As the law stands such persons, though a constant menace to peace and good order, cannot be banished if naturalized subjects by operation of the Lease of the New Territories or otherwise. The present Bill gives power to deal by way of banishment with such bad characters, and it is believed that when they learn that they may be banished from the Territory the effect for good upon them will be considerable.\n\nC. O.\n\n16658\n\n41\n\nin a", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-327 - Individuals - 1904.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 403345, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905", "page_number": 254, "title": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905", "content_text": "# Inclosure 13 in No. 1\n\n## Letter from Edward S. Little\n\nI make here formally the charge against the Chinese Government that it has not only failed to carry out fully any single important clause of the Mackay Treaty, but that China is actively opposing in essential particulars both its spirit and letter. I shall be happy to acknowledge my error in public if I am shown to be wrong in the above statement.\n\nAs to the first part of my charge, viz., that China has failed to carry out any single important clause of the Treaty, it is only necessary to point out a clause of the Treaty actually in full operation to rebut or modify that statement. I acknowledge an improvement in the case of drawbacks, but refer especially to important points named below.\n\nBriefly, I should like to bring to light a few facts in substantiation of the second part of the charge, viz., that China is actively opposing both the spirit and letter of the Treaty.\n\n1. The Conservancy of the Huangpu of earlier date than the Treaty. - In spite of countless despatches and meetings and the strongest pressure from every commercial and political body in Shanghae and elsewhere, continued through five years, China absolutely refuses to budge, and the very first step towards the inauguration of this reform has yet to be taken.\n\n2. Coinage. - The Chinese Government promised to institute a uniform national coinage. Instead of this, confusion has become worse confounded. Coins of all sorts and conditions from some sixty mints are being constantly multiplied and debased, and to such an extent that a financial crisis is one of the probabilities of the future unless the evil is stopped, as you, Sir, have so ably pointed out in a recent article. Instead of one national coinage, there are now dozens. The Government is robbing the people and debasing its coinage and acting in direct violation of the express stipulation of the Treaty.\n\n3. Mining - China entered into \"solemn engagements,\" to quote Sir James Mackay, that she would open the country to mining on Western principles and that Chinese and foreigners should be treated alike and with equal justice, explicitly stating that \"within one year\" from the signing of the Treaty, she would \"initiate and conclude\" a series of mining laws based on Western procedure. Has she done this? On the contrary, she has taken every step possible to make mining by foreigners impossible. I have myself seen an official Proclamation giving a Chinese Company permission to mine, but containing a clause that the permit would be forfeited if any foreigners were admitted to the Company, and forbidding the employment of foreign capital even in the nature of a loan.\n\nIt was reported recently in the daily press that the Board in Peking had inserted a clause in the Regulations forbidding any foreigner to have any share in any mining enterprise in China. Compare this with the Treaty Regulation! China has gone out of her way to insult the Treaty Powers.\n\nTo-day, some three years after the Treaty was signed, no regulation as called for is in existence, and the fact remains that the officials will not grant mining permits to foreigners, except on conditions which are tantamount to refusing the same.\n\n4. Taxation. - This was the \"big feature\" of the Treaty, and all kinds of improvements were promised. Sir James Mackay was confident the Chinese Government meant to institute reforms. I venture to affirm that Chinese taxation is now worse than it has ever been. Since the Mackay Treaty has been signed, things have gone from bad to worse, taxation has increased, and foreign goods are not respected as they formerly were. Transit passes are often utterly ignored, and goods taxed by Li-kin officials quite regardless of the extra payment of the half duty. Employés of British firms are arrested, imprisoned, and fined, and redress is difficult or impossible to obtain. Consular archives, if opened to the public, would disclose many instances in proof of this assertion. Let the Government make the Tien-tsin Treaty effective and we shall be much better off than now.\n\n5. Inland Navigation. - Instead of assisting development along these lines, the Chinese Government take all possible steps to obstruct, as certain recent cases show.\n\n6. Trade-marks, Patents, Copyright, &c. - All these subjects are simply dead letters. Not a solitary instance of an effective carrying out of one of these Treaty Regulations can be adduced.\n\nIn spite of all these facts, Earl Percy tells the British public the Government have no information that the British Treaty has been ignored. I challenge Earl Percy to make a positive statement and tell us that the British Treaty is effective in any of the above essential particulars.\n\nAs a matter of fact, since the signing of the British Treaty, a strong anti-foreign wave has set in throughout Government circles. Every possible step is being taken to hinder foreigners in their legitimate development of trade. And they are encouraged in this by the fact that they are not called to account by the British Government, which calmly allows itself to be insulted by the open disregard of its Treaty. Three years after the signing of the Treaty, not one of its important clauses has been made effective. In the face of this patent fact, Earl Percy tells us the Government have no knowledge that the Treaty has been ignored. This is a \"record\" even for the British Government. It is surely high time this state of affairs came to an end.\n\nI have written to the Chairman of the China Association and the Chamber of Commerce asking them to get their Committees to act. It seems to me merchants of all nationalities should take steps to remedy the present state of affairs and to call the attention of the Home Governments to facts of which they are ignorant, as evidenced by Earl Percy's Parliamentary declaration.\n\nThe ordinary Chinese merchants and people are eager for reform in trade along Western lines. The obstruction is entirely official. A partial explanation of this state of affairs may be found in the fact that Chinese officials are now going openly into trade and are obtaining for themselves special and exclusive regulations which benefit only themselves but hinder general progress. This is encouraged by Sir James Mackay's special promise to exempt so-called \"Government works\" from taxation. Sir James's idea of \"Government works\" differed doubtless *in toto* from the idea of the same on the part of Chinese officials.\n\nThe Minutes of the Shanghae Municipal Council provide us with further evidence of the above statement and illustrate the fact that we are met on all hands by the most pernicious and obstinate obstruction on the part of the local officials. Instead of attempting to work harmoniously with us and further the general public interests, Chinese Mandarins for the most part do all they possibly can to obstruct and hinder.\n\nThis appears to be a part of a general official policy.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed) EDWARD S. LITTLE.\n\n## Inclosure 14 in No. 1\n\n### Extract from Chinkiang Intelligence Report, March 1905\n\n#### Rice Export\n\nThe question of allowing the export of rice from Chinkiang - which has been stopped for a long series of years on the false plea of scarcity - has now again been raised. The local officials have always desired the removal of the prohibition, and the native merchants and foreign shipping agents have naturally been equally anxious. Higher authorities have stood in the way, and the matter of \"squeeze\" has been a prominent obstacle. In January, the Taotai, having previously felt his ground, forwarded to the Viceroy at Nanking a Petition from the local native merchants praying that the embargo on rice might be removed. The Viceroy showed himself not unwilling to entertain the suggestion, and active negotiations were begun. In February, the Taotai approached me with the conditions under which it was proposed that the export should be allowed. They were as follows:\n\n| Condition | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | A special export li-kin of 144 mace per shih (150 catties) on rice, and of 0.75 mace on wheat, other cereals no special li-kin. A li-kin office to be established, and the necessary returns to be obtained from the custom-house. |\n| 2 | Export to be allowed to Ningpo, Foochow, Swatow, and Canton, and the river ports if desired. Northern ports to be excluded on account of the war, Amoy for no special reason that could be given except old custom, and Shanghae as long as prohibition of export from that port continued. |\n| 3 | Steamer bond, for river export, twice the value of the cargo; for sea export, twice the value of the cargo, and a special extra bond of 10,000 taels. |\n| 4 | Telegram of due delivery at destination to be received within thirty days of departure. Documentary permit to be returned within six months. |\n| 5 | If the local price of rice should exceed 6 dollars a shih, export to be stopped. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 403510, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905", "page_number": 419, "title": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905", "content_text": "412 \n\n16 \n\nI make here formally the charge against the Chinese Government that it has not only failed to carry out fully any single important clause of the Mackay Treaty, but that China is actively opposing in essential particulars both its spirit and letter. I shall be happy to acknowledge my error in public if I am shown to be wrong in the above statement.\n\nAs to the first part of my charge, viz., that China has failed to carry out any single important clause of the Treaty, it is only necessary to point out a clause of the Treaty actually in full operation to rebut or modify that statement. I acknowledge an improvement in the case of drawbacks, but refer especially to important points named below.\n\nBriefly, I should like to bring to light a few facts in substantiation of the second part of the charge, viz., that China is actively opposing both the spirit and letter of the Treaty.\n\n1. The Conservancy of the Huangpu of earlier date than the Treaty. In spite of countless despatches and meetings and the strongest pressure from every commercial and political body in Shanghae and elsewhere, continued through five years, China absolutely refuses to budge, and the very first step towards the inauguration of this reform has yet to be taken.\n\n2. Coinage. The Chinese Government promised to institute a uniform national coinage. Instead of this, confusion has become worse confounded. Coins of all sorts and conditions from some sixty mints are being constantly multiplied and debased, and to such an extent that a financial crisis is one of the probabilities of the future unless the evil is stopped, as you, Sir, have so ably pointed out in a recent article. Instead of one national coinage there are now dozens. The Government is robbing the people and debasing its coinage and acting in direct violation of the express stipulation of the Treaty.\n\n3. Mining. China entered into \"solemn engagements,\" to quote Sir James Mackay, that she would open the country to mining on Western principles and that Chinese and foreigners should be treated alike and with equal justice, explicitly stating that within one year from the signing of the Treaty she would initiate and conclude a series of mining laws based on Western procedure. Has she done this? On the contrary, she has taken every step possible to make mining by foreigners impossible. I have myself seen an official Proclamation giving a Chinese Company permission to mine, but containing a clause that the permit would be forfeited if any foreigners were admitted to the Company, and forbidding the employment of foreign capital even in the nature of a loan.\n\nIt was reported recently in the daily press that the Board in Peking had inserted a clause in the Regulations forbidding any foreigner to have any share in any mining enterprise in China. Compare this with the Treaty Regulation! China has gone out of her way to insult the Treaty Powers.\n\nTo-day, some three years after the Treaty was signed, no regulation as called for is in existence, and the fact remains that the officials will not grant mining permits to foreigners, except on conditions which are tantamount to refusing the same.\n\n4. Taxation. This was the \"big feature\" of the Treaty, and all kinds of improvements were promised. Sir James Mackay was confident the Chinese Government meant to institute reforms. I venture to affirm that Chinese taxation is now worse than it has ever been. Since the Mackay Treaty has been signed things have gone from bad to worse, taxation has increased, and foreign goods are not respected as they formerly were. Transit passes are often utterly ignored, and goods taxed by Li-kin officials quite regardless of the extra payment of the half duty. Employés of British firms are arrested, imprisoned, and fined, and redress is difficult or impossible to obtain. British Consular archives, if opened to the public, would disclose many instances in proof of this assertion. Let the Government make the Tien-tsin Treaty effective and we shall be much better off than now.\n\n4. Inland Navigation. Instead of assisting development along these lines, the Chinese Government take all possible steps to obstruct, as certain recent cases show.\n\n5. Trade-marks, Patents, Copyright, &c. All these subjects are simply dead letters. Not a solitary instance of an effective carrying out of one of these Treaty Regulations can be adduced.\n\nIn spite of all these facts, Earl Percy tells the British public the Government have no information that the British Treaty has been ignored. I challenge Earl Percy to make a positive statement and tell us that the British Treaty is effective in any of the above essential particulars.\n\nAs a matter of fact, since the signing of the British Treaty a strong anti-foreign wave has set in throughout Government circles. Every possible step is being taken to hinder foreigners in their legitimate development of trade. And they are encouraged in this by the fact that they are not called to account by the British Government, which calmly allows itself to be insulted by the open disregard of its Treaty. Three years after the signing of the Treaty not one of its important clauses has been made effective; in the face of this patent fact Earl Percy tells us the Government have no knowledge that the Treaty has been ignored. This is a \"record\" even for the British Government. It is surely high time this state of affairs came to an end.\n\nI have written to the Chairman of the China Association and the Chamber of Commerce asking them to get their Committees to act. It seems to me merchants of all nationalities should take steps to remedy the present state of affairs and to call the attention of the Home Governments to facts of which they are ignorant, as evidenced by Earl Percy's Parliamentary declaration.\n\nThe ordinary Chinese merchants and people are eager for reform in trade along Western lines. The obstruction is entirely official. A partial explanation of this state of affairs may be found in the fact that Chinese officials are now going openly into trade and are obtaining for themselves special and exclusive regulations which benefit only themselves but hinder general progress. This is encouraged by Sir James Mackay's special promise to exempt so-called \"Government works\" from taxation. Sir James's idea of \"Government works\" differed doubtless in toto from the idea of the same on the part of Chinese officials.\n\nThe Minutes of the Shanghae Municipal Council provide us with further evidence of the above statement and illustrate the fact that we are not on all hands met by the most pernicious and obstinate obstruction on the part of the local officials. Instead of attempting to work harmoniously with us and further the general public interests, Chinese Mandarins for the most part do all they possibly can to obstruct and hinder. This appears to be a part of a general official policy.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed) EDWARD S. LITTLE.\n\nInclosure 14 in No. 1.\n\nExtract from Chinkiang Intelligence Report, March 1905.\n\nRice Export.\n\nThe question of allowing the export of rice from Chinkiang—which has been stopped for a long series of years on the false plea of scarcity—has now again been raised. The local officials have always desired the removal of the prohibition, and the native merchants and foreign shipping agents have naturally been equally anxious. Higher authorities have stood in the way, and the matter of \"squeeze\" has been a prominent obstacle. In January the Taotai, having previously felt his ground, forwarded to the Viceroy at Nanking a Petition from the local native merchants praying that the embargo on rice might be removed. The Viceroy showed himself not unwilling to entertain the suggestion, and active negotiations were begun. In February the Taotai approached me with the conditions under which it was proposed that the export should be allowed. They were as follows:-\n\n1. A special export li-kin of 1.44 mace per shih (150 catties) on rice, and of 0.75 mace on wheat, other cereals no special li-kin. A li-kin office to be established, and the necessary returns to be obtained from the custom-house.\n\n2. Export to be allowed to Ningpo, Foochow, Swatow, and Canton, and the river ports if desired. Northern ports to be excluded on account of the war, Amoy for no special reason that could be given except old custom, and Shanghae as long as prohibition of export from that port continued.\n\n3. Steamer bond, for river export, twice the value of the cargo; for sea export, twice the value of the cargo, and a special extra bond of 10,000 taels.\n\n4. Telegram of due delivery at destination to be received within thirty days of departure. Documentary permit to be returned within six months.\n\n5. If the local price of rice should exceed 6 dollars a shih, export to be stopped.\n\n| Condition | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | Special export li-kin on rice (1.44 mace/shih) and wheat (0.75 mace/shih) |\n| 2 | Export allowed to specific ports (Ningpo, Foochow, Swatow, Canton, river ports) |\n| 3 | Steamer bond requirements (twice cargo value, extra 10,000 taels for sea export) |\n| 4 | Telegram of due delivery and documentary permit return requirements |\n| 5 | Export stoppage if local rice price exceeds 6 dollars/shih |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 405433, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7]", "page_number": 628, "title": "CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7]", "content_text": "622 \n\nApril, 1906, copies of which formed Enclosure 2 to that despatch, is equally applicable to the case of the Electric Traction Company, and I suggest that a copy of this correspondence be sent to the Secretary to the latter Company for the information of his Board.\n\n4. The Board believes that the extract from the \"South China Morning Post\" of the 27th March, 1906, sets out the facts (respecting Chinese subsidiary coinage) accurately. This is not entirely the case, as Your Lordship is aware from my previous communication. The fact that the public see very little of Hongkong small coinage is not due to \"the simple reason that being of higher value than the Chinese coins it goes into the interior and does not return, unless in the shape of Chinese pieces after being reminted\". The Chinese subsidiary coins are of the same intrinsic value as the Hongkong ones; the latter have of late been returning to the Colony in greater numbers than the banks can put on the market: and it is dollars and not the more heavily alloyed Hongkong subsidiary coins that are melted down in the Canton Mint to make 20 cent pieces. Again, the references to the Viceroy of Canton robbing the Hongkong Government of their profits on the circulation of subsidiary coinage and to the duty of that Government not to allow any outsiders to participate in their lawful profits.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 408041, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906", "page_number": 505, "title": "CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906", "content_text": "THE ELECTRIC TRACTION COMPANY OF HONGKONG\n\nリ\n\n19, ST SWITHIN'S LANE, LONDON.E.C.\n\n500\n\nTED.O 22120\n\nR: 20 Jul 06\n\n19th June, 1906.\n\nMy Lord,\n\nI am directed by my Board to place before your Lordship certain facts in regard to Chinese subsidiary coinage circulating in Hongkong, and to ask your Lordship to consider whether it would not be possible for the Hongkong Government to take some action to alleviate what is a heavy tax on the trading community in Hongkong and which affects us particularly as a Tramway Company owing to the large number of small coins which are tendered to us in fares.\n\nWe believe that the following extract from the \"South China Morning Post\" of the 27th March, 1906, sets out the facts accurately and will place your Lordship in possession of the material points so far as the Chinese coinage is concerned :-\n\n\"The Chinese subsidiary coinage nuisance is becoming worse than ever. These coins are pouring into the Colony from the interior and the Banks accept them, reluctantly, at a discount of 745 on the $1,000. Firms handling large sums can protect themselves by discounting payments at the Bank's rate, but the hardship falls on the poorer people, the small dealer and the purchaser. The Tramway and Ferry Companies must also sustain heavy losses on this debased coinage, and surely something can be done to check its circulation. The public see very little Hongkong small coinage, for the simple reason that being of higher value than the Chinese coins, it goes into the interior and does not return, unless in the shape of Chinese pieces after being reminted. As we have pointed out previously and repeatedly, not only is the Viceroy of Canton robbing the Hongkong Government of its profits on the circulation\n\nThe Rt. Hon. The Earl of Elgin.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 411108, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 285, "title": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## CONFIDENTIAL\n\n281\n\n2\n\nto gather them. This led to open strife between the parties, in which, I fear, the Protestants were the aggressors, they having forcibly entered the Catholic's premises and broken some flower-pots.\n\nIn replying to Mr. Rudland, I pointed out that so far the case appeared to be a purely native one, in which the missionaries had no business to interfere, and urged him to do his best to prevent the affair from assuming the character of a contest between Catholics and Protestants.\n\nThis matter appears to have been finally settled by the officials prohibiting the cultivation of chestnuts and handing over the pond to the care of the gentry.\n\nIn the early part of this month Mr. Rudland telegraphed that his converts had been attacked by an armed band of Catholics. I communicated this information to the Taotai, at the same time asking him to take steps to maintain order and protect the lives and property of British subjects. Shortly afterwards the Taotai sent his Secretary to ask me to instruct Mr. Rudland to restrain his converts, saying that the Catholic Bishop resident here had promised to deliver a similar message to the priests. This I accordingly did, adding a warning to Mr. Rudland not to participate himself in any lawless proceedings.\n\nNext day I met the Taotai at lunch. He told me troops had been sent from Ningpo to the scene of the occurrence, and, as he seemed somewhat nervous about the affair, I thought it well to send you a short telegram on the subject. Subsequently I received another telegram from the China Inland Mission stating that the Protestants had been sent to Taichow under escort, the officials not being able to protect them.\n\nI have now received from Mr. Rudland a somewhat incoherent account of the disturbances, in which he speaks of the \"Roman Catholic Army\" and \"Catholic robbers.\" As it throws no new light on the situation and discloses no grounds for intervention on my part, I do not think it necessary to trouble you with a copy. I regard the affair as a local quarrel in which the missionaries on both sides have probably taken part, but to what extent is not clear.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) \nH. A. LITTLE.\n\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA, CONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[3108] \nNo. 1. \n[January 28.] \nSECTION B. C. D. \n6412 \np: 20 FEB 07\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received January 28, 1907.) (No. 522.) Sir,\n\nPeking, December 11, 1906.\n\nWITH reference to my telegram No. 218 of the 14th November, I have the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of a despatch which has been addressed to His Majesty's Consul-General at Canton by His Majesty's Consul at Wuchow respecting the piracy on the steam-launch \"Feinau.\"\n\nIn view of the circumstances reported in Mr. Mansfield's telegram, which apparently justified the exercise of caution in dealing with the case, I have thought it wise to refrain from any action until his despatches reach me.\n\n(No. 35.)\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\n### Consul King to Consul-General Mansfield,\n\nWuchow, November 11, 1906.\n\nIN reply to your telegram of yesterday's date, I have the honour to furnish certain information which I have gathered from various sources with regard to the recent piracy on the steam-launch \"Feinam.\" I do not guarantee the absolute accuracy of this information, but it appears to me to be in the main reliable.\n\nOn the 28th ultimo, at about 9 P.M., the \"Feinam,\" which runs between this port and Shuihing, stopped to take on board some passengers about a mile above Fung Chuen Kong Hau.\n\n| Event | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Pirates boarded | A Sampan with twelve men, having the appearance of ordinary passengers, came alongside. These men boarded the launch and immediately drew revolvers, some of which they discharged in the air, and by thus frightening all on board were able to take possession of the launch without injuring anybody. |\n| Robbery | The pirates then turned the launch downstream, and, while steaming along, robbed everyone of their valuables, the chief sufferers being said to have been four cattle dealers and seven medicine pill sellers, who lost respectively 400 dollars and 300 dollars. The total amount of booty taken is reported to have been of the value of about 900 dollars. |\n| Escape | The pirates stopped the launch and landed somewhere above Yuetsing, and the launch then proceeded in charge of her crew to Wuchow, where she arrived early on the morning of the 29th October, but did not report the matter at this Consulate. |\n\nI am dealing locally with the failure of the launch people to report the case to the Consul here, but I should be obliged if you would kindly impress upon the owner, Mr. Fisher, the necessity of instructing his employés to report to me every occurrence of a similar nature in future.\n\nThere may perhaps have been some confusion between the above case and a different case which occurred on the previous day, in which two Chinese-owned launches, the \"Tai Yik\" and the \"Do Sai,\" were concerned. With regard to this I have gathered the following particulars -\n\nThe \"Tai Yik\" left Shuihing for Wuchow on the 27th October. Her chief ports of call for taking on board passengers are Takhing and Dosing. She passed Dosing about 4 P.M., and arrived above Fung Chuen, at a place called Fung Chuen Sa, at about 6:30 P.M.\n\nTen pirates, who had come on board at different stations as passengers, here drew revolvers, captured the launch, and, after robbing the passengers, made the crew turn the launch downstream again.\n\nAt Sai Huen Sa, a place below Dosing, at about 2 A.M. they met the launch \"Do Sai\" coming upstream from Sainam on the run to Dosing. The pirates on the \"Tai Yik\" ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 411691, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 191, "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "130\n\nTO MILNE\n\nIt is essential that the Customs Authorities should have the necessary authority to deal with the situation independently in case the Chinese show any laxity in co-operation, which may be expected sooner or later: it should not be left to Admiral Li to guide the situation, or to direct the Customs Authorities to patrol such and such waters or to take such and such action.\n\n## 4.\n\nWith respect to paragraph 4 of your despatch to Sir Edward Grey, I would point out that very little would be gained by these launches steaming up and down the river: such is the only procedure open to our own River Gunboats, and is attended with poor results. The Commissioner of Customs should have sufficient power to enable his launches to visit all parts of the Delta, to search any vessels, and to arrest and hand over to the proper authorities any criminal or suspect.\n\n## 5.\n\nIf the report is true that the launches being built by the Viceroy's order are only to cost $5,000 (Five thousand dollars) each, they will not be of much good: and the six Customs launches, if of proper size and speed, would do far better service. I think Sir Robert Hart does not realize why speed is so necessary: it is true that there is no \"piracy\" properly speaking, no piratical craft to chase: it is more often the case of a certain number of passengers murderously attacking and robbing the remainder. But speed is absolutely necessary for rapidity of communications, for a launch to reach a certain spot by a certain time, and our own Gunboats, two of the three being very slow, have often failed to act in time in consequence of not having sufficient speed to get over the ground fast enough against a strong current.\n\n## 6.\n\nI gather that Sir Robert Hart is not much in sympathy with", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 411698, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 198, "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## AFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n[April 26.]\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\nRed' 5 JUN 07\n\nSECTION 3.\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[13428]\n\n**(Confidential.)**\n\nAdmiralty to Foreign Office.-(Received April 26.)\n\nSir,\n\nAdmiralty, April 24, 1907.\n\nI AM commanded by my Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty to transmit herewith, for the information of the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, copy of correspondence which has been received from the Commander-in-chief, China, relative to piracy in the West River, China.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed) \nC. I. THOMAS.\n\n## Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\n**(Confidential.)**\n\nSir,\n\nVice-Admiral Sir A. Moore to Sir J. Jordan.\n\n\"King Alfred,\" at Hong Kong [undated].\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge, with thanks, the receipt of your Excellency's letter of the 23rd February, inclosing a copy of a despatch No. 86 addressed to Sir Edward Grey relative to the measures adopted for the suppression of piracy in the inland waters of China.\n\n2. I paid an official visit to his Excellency the Viceroy of Canton on the 28th February, and took the opportunity to mention the subject to him. His Excellency informed me that a flotilla of about fourteen steam launches was to be built and placed under the orders of Admiral Li for patrolling duties on the West River, and that it was proposed to have a small number of steam launches under the Commissioner of Customs to co-operate with Admiral Li's flotilla. His Excellency said that he saw no objection to the proposal, and that communications between Canton and Peking on the subject were proceeding.\n\n3. Although the Viceroy spoke of this co-operation by the Commissioner of Customs, I am doubtful if Admiral Li would carry out such an arrangement in its entirety. In my opinion, it is essential that the Customs authorities should have the necessary authority to deal with the situation independently in case the Chinese show any lack in co-operation, which may be expected sooner or later; it should not be left to Admiral Li to guide the situation or to direct the Customs authorities to patrol such and such waters, or to take such and such action.\n\n4. With respect to paragraph 4 of your despatch to Sir Edward Grey, I would point out that very little would be gained by these launches steaming up and down the river; such is the only procedure open to our own river gun-boats, and is attended with poor results. The Commissioner of Customs should have sufficient power to enable his launches to visit all parts of the delta, to search any vessels, and to arrest and hand over to the proper authorities any criminal or suspect.\n\n5. If the report is true that the launches being built by the Viceroy's order are only to cost 5,000 dollars each, they will not be of much good, and the six Customs launches, if of proper size and speed, would do far better service. I think Sir Robert Hart does not realize why speed is so necessary. It is true there is no \"piracy,\" properly speaking, no piratical craft to chase; it is more often the case of a certain number of passengers murderously attacking and robbing the remainder. But speed is absolutely necessary for rapidity of communications, for a launch to reach a certain spot by a certain time, and our own gun-boats, two of the three being very slow, have often failed to act in time in consequence of not having sufficient speed to get over the ground fast enough against a strong current.\n\n6. I gather that Sir Robert Hart is not much in sympathy with the proposal that the Customs authorities should take up this duty, and I quite understand and sympathise with his objection to provide six launches out of Customs funds as this is so entirely a matter for the Chinese Government; but if the initial cost is borne by the latter, perhaps...\n\n[2450 cc-3]\n\nAfter many negotiations, they succeeded in coming to an agreement with the German Asiatic Bank. The bank was consequently granted a Concession by the Imperial Chancellor for the issue of bank notes for fifteen years from the 8th June, 1906.\n\nIn judicial affairs, the legally educated Judges have worked satisfactorily with their other colleagues, especially those of trading classes. Many difficulties have arisen for the German population by the combination of Colonial and Consular law. The Marine Administration consider it necessary to effect a separation of the two kinds of law and to work for the formation of an independent Colonial law adaptable to the special requirements of Colonial development, and, in anticipation of this, to pay particular attention to Colonial judicial practice and knowledge of Colonial law. The Government school has made very satisfactory progress.\n\nThe weather has been very favourable for agriculture and forestry, and the harvest was the best for years. The sanitary relations were the best on the entire East Asian coast. The relations between the German Government and Chinese Hinterland authorities have been excellent throughout the year.\n\nThe Memorandum contains a number of pictures and a plan of the town, showing a surprising development in building.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nC. O.\n\n19974 \n197", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 411765, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 265, "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "# Sir Edward Grey, relative to the measures adopted for the suppression of piracy in the inland waters of China.\n\n2. I paid an official visit to his Excellency the Viceroy of Canton on the 28th February, and took the opportunity to mention the subject to him. His Excellency informed me that a flotilla of about fourteen steam launches were to be built and placed under the orders of Admiral Li for patrolling duties on the West River, and that it was proposed to have a small number of steam launches under the Commissioner of Customs to co-operate with Admiral Li's flotilla. His Excellency said that he saw no objection to the proposal and that communications between Canton and Peking on the subject were proceeding.\n\n3. Although the Viceroy spoke of this co-operation by the Commissioner of Customs, I am doubtful if Admiral Li would carry out such an arrangement in its entirety. In my opinion, it is essential that the Customs authorities should have the necessary authority to deal with the situation independently, in case the Chinese show any laxity in co-operation, which may be expected sooner or later; it should not be left to Admiral Li to guide the situation, or to direct the Customs authorities to patrol such and such waters, or to take such and such action.\n\n4. With respect to paragraph 4 of your despatch to Sir Edward Grey, I would point out that very little would be gained by these launches steaming up and down the river; such is the only procedure open to our own river gun-boats, and is attended with poor results. The Commissioner of Customs should have sufficient power to enable his launches to visit all parts of the Delta, to search any vessels, and to arrest and hand over to the proper authorities any criminal or suspect.\n\n5. If the report is true that the launches being built by the Viceroy's order are only to cost 5,000 dollars each, they will not be of much good; and the six Customs launches, if of proper size and speed, would do far better service. I think Sir Robert Hart does not realize why speed is so necessary; it is true that there is no \"piracy\" properly speaking, no piratical craft to chase; it is more often the case of a certain number of passengers murderously attacking and robbing the remainder. But speed is absolutely necessary for rapidity of communications, for a launch to reach a certain spot by a certain time; and our own gun-boats, two of the three being very slow, have often failed to act in time, in consequence of not having sufficient speed to get over the ground fast enough against a strong current.\n\n6. I gather that Sir Robert Hart is not much in sympathy with the proposal that the Customs authorities should take up this duty, and I quite understand and sympathize with his objection to provide six launches out of Customs funds, as this is so entirely a matter for the Chinese Government; but if the initial cost is borne by the latter, perhaps Sir Robert Hart would agree to the cost of their repair and maintenance being met from Customs funds.\n\n7. A copy of a recent report from the Commanding Officer of the \"Robin\" on the state of affairs in the West River is inclosed, and I would express my opinion that the only means by which such piratical acts as those described in his letter can be stopped is to intrust to the Customs authorities the powers which I have advocated in paragraph 4.\n\n8. I am sending a copy of this letter to His Britannic Majesty's Consul-General at Canton.\n\n## Inclosure 2 in No. 1\n### Lieutenant-Commander Walcott to Vice-Admiral Sir A. Moore\n\n\"Robin,\" at Wuchow, February 16, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that the West River between Wuchow and Canton appears quiet, and no information of piracies below Wuchow has been obtained between the 1st and 15th February.\n\nThe country about 18 to 30 miles above Wuchow appears somewhat unsettled, and I have the honour to report that a daring robbery occurred on the 24th January near Yun-Wo-Hu, a small market town in the district 18 miles up the river. Armed robbers attacked four large junks at anchor about 9 P.M. by means of sampans. The attack was also covered by an armed party on shore.\n\nThe piece-goods boxes were broken open and the contents taken away. The estimated number of armed men and confederates was fifty.\n\n| Category | Details |\n| --- | --- |\n| Stolen Property | Effects of Von Strauch, the Acting Commissioner at Nanning; goods of a British firm at this port to the value of 1,750 taels. |\n| Recovery Efforts | Tantai Wong has recovered a quantity of the stolen goods and considers he has five of the ringleaders. |\n| Further Action | Taotai Wong is proceeding to the vicinity on Saturday the 16th instant. |\n\nI regret to report that the British launch \"Hong Hing,\" a stern-wheeler proceeding from Wuchow to Kuli-Hsien, struck a rock off Circular Island (some 35 miles above Wuchow) and sunk at 2 P.M. on Friday the 8th instant. Forty passengers, the compradore, three crew, and five guard soldiers were drowned and all cargo and papers lost.\n\nThe Chinese New Year has passed without incident at Wuchow. Taotai Wong has been most friendly and hospitable and did me the honour to invite me to accompany him as his guest on his journey to pacify and punish the country in the vicinity of the outrage that I have already submitted.\n\nI have inspected the following launches: \"Tsun Fat,\" \"Tung Wo,\" \"Cheung Fat,\" and \"Wung Fat.\" The \"Tung Wo, 502,\" had no name and a wrong number, and has been reported to Canton and sent there for resurvey, which was overdue. The behaviour of the British launches is, I have the honour to report, improving.\n\nI have, &c.\n(Signed) COLPOYS C. WALCOTT.\n\nI have, &c.\n(Signed) A. W. MOORE.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412215, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 715, "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## 18. The guards on the above-mentioned launches shall always be in uniform and shall always carry their revolvers. They must always be prepared for emergencies. They must on no account congregate for the purpose of gambling or drinking, nor must they smoke opium. They must keep a particularly strict look-out at the time of the departure of the launches. Any breach of duty will be punished by dismissal and suitable penalties.\n\n14. The police on the above-mentioned launches will be provided with certificates in English and Chinese with the official seal attached to prevent any other person impersonating them.\n\n15. In addition to the police on the above-mentioned descriptions of launches, there are also police at all the larger ports of call whose duty it will be to examine intending passengers for concealed fire-arms. Any culprits found by the launch police in the illegal possession of fire-arms will be handed over by them to the land police to be brought before the local authorities for trial. If there is an alarm of pirates, a call will bring immediate assistance from the land police.\n\n16. If any member of the launch police is found to be incapable of carrying out his duties, he shall, in the case of single passenger launches, be reported by the captain; and, in the case of launches with tows, by the master of the tow to the launch police authorities, so that an efficient man may be found to replace him. Any of the police found in the possession of stolen goods, such as clothing, money, &c., shall, on satisfactory evidence that they are robbing passengers of their property, be court-martialled and executed on the spot.\n\n17. Any of the launch police having affairs of importance to attend to must first apply for leave to his head authority, and must not leave the launch before a substitute has taken his place.\n\n18. In addition to the supervisors appointed by the launch police authorities to control the system, there are also the officials of the Admiral, whose duty it will be to make secret inspections to ascertain whether the Regulations are being observed and whether the members of the force are efficient. They will make recommendations from time to time in order to prevent the system becoming ineffective in the lapse of time.\n\n19. All the above-mentioned descriptions of launches must only allow passengers to embark and disembark at the appointed places, namely:\n\n(1) Places on the waterways of the East River: \n| Place |\n| --- |\n| Whampoa |\n| Mi Chang |\n| Ma Chung |\n| Sui Tang |\n| Kwai Hai |\n| Shi Lung |\n| Lu Lan |\n| Teh Kang |\n| Sui Tsun |\n| Po Lo |\n| Whei Chow |\n| Han Kai |\n| Tao Kao |\n| Tung Kwan City |\n| Tai Pin |\n\n(2) Places in the district south of Canton City, and on the waterways of the West River:\n| Place |\n| --- |\n| Shih Pi |\n| Le Chu |\n| Po On Chung |\n| Hao Kao |\n| Yung Chi |\n| Kwei Chow |\n| Ma Kang |\n| Tung Ma Nin |\n| Si Ma Nin |\n| Chun An Hsu |\n| Kan Chu |\n| Chin Kiang |\n| Ho Tsin |\n| Ku Lao |\n| Tai Pin Hsu |\n| Fu Man |\n| Sze Hsien Kan |\n| Ma Kou |\n| Ho Kou (i.e., Samshui Beach) |\n| Tsin Chi |\n| Yung An |\n| Kwang Li |\n| Kou Li |\n| Pei Tu |\n| Shao Chin |\n| Lu Pu |\n| Yuch Chen |\n| Ho Ting Kou |\n| Liu Tu |\n| Te Ching |\n| Tu Cheng |\n| Fung Chuan |\n| Wuchow |\n| Lung Kiang |\n| Shui Teng |\n| Kuan Shan |\n| Huang Lien |\n| Lo Lou |\n| Li Hai |\n| San Hiang Miao |\n| Chou Chun |\n| Chao Lien |\n| Pei Kai Kou |\n| Chiang Men |\n| Tan Shui Kou |\n| Shuang Shui Kou |\n| Hsin Chang |\n| Ti Kai |\n| Hsiao Lan |\n| Kang Kon |\n| Shih Chi |\n\n(3) Places on the North River route:\n| Place |\n| --- |\n| Fu Shan |\n| Shih Mun |\n| Ts'u Tung |\n| Hsiao Tang |\n| Hsi Nan |\n| Samshui |\n| Lu Pao |\n| Shih Ko |\n| Tsin Yuen |\n\n(4) Places in the district north of Canton City, Tsung Hua, and Hua Hsien:\n| Place |\n| --- |\n| Shih Men |\n| Kwan Yao |\n| San Kiang Kou |\n| Nan Kiang Kou |\n| Wu Ho Hsu |\n| Tan Pu |\n| Chih Ni |\n| Pei Ni |\n\n20. Any of the above-mentioned descriptions of launches which act in contravention of these Regulations, either by taking passengers on board at unauthorized places en route or by omitting to carry out the search for concealed arms, will be subject to such penalties as the nature of the offence may require. If the launch concerned is foreign-owned, and the offender is a Chinese employed on board, the local authorities are to communicate with the nearest Commissioner of Customs, and the Commissioner, in turn, with the nearest Consul, who may send a deputy to watch the proceedings. If the offender is a foreigner, he is to be dealt with in a manner similar to that prescribed by Treaty when a foreigner is found travelling without a passport. He will be sent to the proper Consul through the Commissioner of Customs at the nearest port.\n\n21. At all places where such a course is practicable, the launches and tows referred to in these Regulations will hire for their regular use sampans and small boats to convey passengers to the launches and tows. The captains and masters of the launches and tows will at once notify the Inspector and police on the launches of every sampan or small boat so engaged by them; the Inspector will, in turn, notify the head of his Department. Where such sampans and small craft are regularly hired, no other boats shall be employed for the aforesaid purpose.\n\n22. These Regulations are provisional, and subject to Ministerial sanction at Peking.\n\n## (No. 26.)\n\nSir,\n\n### Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\n### Sir J. Jordan to Consul-General Mansfield.\n\nPeking, June 4, 1907.\n\nYOUR despatch No. 19 of the 23rd April only reached me on the 24th May, and pressure of other work has prevented an earlier reply.\n\nThe Provisional Regulations for the suppression of piracy, copy of which you inclose, appear likely to increase the difficulty of giving effect to the engagement made by the Chinese Government to organize a preventive service under Customs control.\n\nAs you will be aware, from the copies of my recent despatches to Sir E. Grey, which have been sent to you, I have been holding the Wai-wu Pu to this engagement, and I should be very reluctant to convey the impression that, by accepting these tardy proposals of the Viceroy, we considered them all that is required. That the Chinese authorities intend this measure to take the place of the service of cruisers under Customs control is rendered evident by a message which I received on the 1st June from the Wai-wu Pu, communicating the substance of a telegram from the Viceroy to the Board of Finance, in which his Excellency urges that as he is prepared to take these measures it seems unnecessary for the Customs to spend money on cruisers, but, if they elect to do so, such vessels would of course only serve for the prevention of smuggling and have no powers to suppress piracy.\n\nIn view, however, of your telegram of the 3rd instant, from which it appears that the Rules have not been enforced, I think it would be advisable, considering the interpretation which the Wai-wu Pu evidently place upon them, that you should notify the Viceroy that they could only be accepted as a complement to the scheme to which the Wai-wu Pu have already given their assent.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed) \n**J. N. JORDAN**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 415893, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 58, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "led to appointment of Secretary Wang to audit the accounts on the spot, and no arts will prevent so skilled a workman from discovering the truth. As the line is now being handed over to business management, it is requisite to review its abuses and its future.\n\n\"The essentials in railway cases are finance and construction. If the money is raised unjustly the people will rise, and if the line is not wisely built the biggest funds will never accomplish the job.\n\n\"Now as to construction. Hu Chun pretends to take the whole matter easily, whereas the Head Director, Ch'iao, found it too serious for him. The whole line- Ichang up to Ch'engtu-comes to 2,600 to 2,700 li, and Hsu-liang reckoned the cost, at only double ordinary track rate, at about 50,000,000 taels. As investigation proves this is far too low, let us consider only the Ichang-Wan-hsien section. This included the Wu-shan gorge, 1,000 li of hill and valley necessitating cuttings and tunnels, so that the Szechuan engineer estimated 100,000 taels, the British over 70,000 taels, and the Japanese over 60,000 taels. Taking the average, this means a total of 70,000,000 to 80,000,000 taels-even if the distance by land is not longer than that by water. As for the time needed for building, the British put this section at ten years. There remain 1,600 or 1,700 li to Chengtu, which section is also not over ordinary ground, which means that the total cost of the line will run over 100,000,000 taels, and that twenty years will pass before completion. As from poverty-stricken Szechuan it has taken three years to wring these 7,000,000 or 8,000,000 taels, it would take thirty years to raise the capital for the Ichang-Wan-hsien section alone. Such a vast scheme, with the interests of the Szechuan people and resources, and the foreign intervention and frontier risks, cannot be lightly undertaken. Besides, the I-Wan section must be completed from both ends before trains can run, and its upkeep be provided for, that is, this vast capital would bring in nothing for a dozen years. Any one with any sense would see that this work can never start, or if started never succeed-which shows what a fool Hu Chun is.\n\n\"The Hukuang Viceroy, knowing the magnitude of the undertaking, proposed joint action, but the Szechuan gentry refused. Then his Excellency suggested each province doing its own portion, but Hu Chun insisted on Szechuan's undertaking all from Ichang westward, and this was assented to, the Hupei part being redeemable after twenty-five years. If either of the original schemes had been adopted after three years there would have been some actual work to show, as each would have started from its end. Last year the Peking officials revived his Excellency Chang's first proposals, but the Szechuan officers were too proud of doing Hupei's work to agree to drop it. And now after another year nothing has happened except expensive building and entertainments and gambling away the deputies' and gentry's salaries. No wonder 1,500,000 taels has been wasted and popular suspicion raised. In the 5th moon Hu Chun wired that the trace was laid down and the surveys completed. Now the gorges section is as great a work as the Suez Canal, and demands an engineer of the highest skill and experience. So last year the Hukuang Viceroy's Memorial pointed out the doubt of possibility of tunnelling the hills, and the Board of Communications suggested the special engagement of first-class Belgian and Norwegian engineers, as no student who had been abroad was equal to such a location survey, and any error might involve throwing away several millions. The pressing needs of the moment are to organize the Company properly according to law and to improve the share-collecting system, to found a bank, combine the provinces, and on the lines of Hunan and Kuangtung's new rules raise the missing capital for financing the whole job. As important is the engagement of first-class foreign engineers to locate the trace anew and then to begin on the I-Wan section from both ends at once, instead of building a cul-de-sac line inland. might get the gentry of both provinces to form one general Company and give up the The Board twenty-five years redemption idea; otherwise, each province attending to its own part, people will not put money into such a piecemeal project as the past three years have shown. The only other method possible is for the Court to appoint a head and let the shareholders decide as to employés and measures, the head, as representative of the gentry and merchants of the two provinces, arranging with the two Viceroys as to funds, surveys, purchase of land, &c. This is what I mean by reforming the scheme of construction.\n\n\"These proposals, which will spare the people's means and facilitate railway affairs, have no light bearing on the general situation, otherwise too many cooks will spoil the broth, and there will be no hope of completing the job.\n\n\"A rescript hands the above to the Board of Communications for consideration and report.\n\n5\n\nSoochow-Ningpo Railway.\n\nThe \"Nan Fang Pao\" of the 6th October discusses the Wai-wu Pu's attempt to force a foreign loan for the Soochow-Hangchow-Ningpo Railway. The writer quotes a Japanese as saying that foreign trade in China has at one step changed from an economic to a political question of influence, and thence will change as quickly to a military question, India and Egypt being sad examples to China. \"Such a warning from an outsider we think a disgrace to our rulers and, still worse, a bad omen for the future. India and Egypt perished from the incoming of foreign capital, but also because the treasury was empty, the people impoverished, while tyrannous sovereigns and vile officers shortsightedly welcomed foreign funds to supply their pleasures. If our own resources can be applied to our own industries in abundance, no such reckless and suicidal policy need be adopted, and if only China discourages foreign capital her fate need not be that of India and Egypt. While the people remain sunk in ignorance and no reforms start, a crisis may necessitate foreign aid, but the Canton-Hankow Railway redemption proved our readiness to seize an opportunity to secure lost rights, and, the draft Agreement proving useless, the Soochow-Hangchow-Ningpo Railway funds have been got together, survey work completed, when not an ignorant person but a mighty Board, at the threat of outsiders, suddenly would force the gentry and traders of two provinces to raise a foreign loan!\n\n\"Some say that this is due to foreign intrigue. All foreign States try to promote trade by improving communications and getting hold of railway rights. But of late our people are waking up to the danger of foreign-built railways, and projects of resumption are rife, so foreigners have changed offers to finance lines as a blind to their aggressive plans. As the people are not to be duped, the foreigners chose a critical moment for squeezing our incapable Government by threats of armed intervention, or they make diplomatic demands, or use bribes to effect their purpose. Perhaps this explains the present case as it does others.\n\n\"Others ascribe it to the Government's rooted slackness, which neglects all State matters and popular interests for dissipation and private struggles for wealth and rank. The foreigners present demand found them ignorant of law and the particulars of the case and ready to accept any threatening demand. Thus they earn the foreigners' contempt, and will alienate the people while not ready to maintain any administrative act to be unalterable.\n\n\"Others, again, say that this is due to the old ways of each putting responsibility on someone else. Our statesmen, instead of taking their part in vindicating our rights at home and abroad, always disclaim any power to act and seek the easiest present way out of every difficulty, as now they no doubt hope the provinces will not acquiesce, and so will give an excuse to offer to the foreigner.\n\n\"If our statesmen's action on this subject arises from one of the above three causes it is not so very reprehensible; if not, the Wai-wu Pu should not have entered on discussion of foreign exorbitant demands or interfered with the provinces' past action. If the Board professes to be trying to find a compromise to save interest on both sides, it should remember that encouragement of foreign capital being injurious to vital interests of the State, even without the extra burden of security pledged, the result will be to render the completed line of no benefit except to the foreigner, whose claim to interfere with the lives and property of the provinces will be the stronger for the loan. In case of default the result may be ruin to China, as the Japanese says, and as a Government that should be the defence of the people, instead of refuting outsiders, adopt this lowest policy of compromise in regard to the railway, it is certain that when weightier matters than this arise, as they often will, this case will be quoted against the Wai-wu Pu with success, and this is why I see in this case shame to the Government and sorrow for China's future.'\n\nThe Nan Fang Pao\" of the 25th October discusses the forced borrowing for Kiangsu and Chekiang Railways and the permitted rice purchase by Japanese at Wuhu. Yang, of Siangtan, says our Government now is one that shirks its responsibility. Towards foreigners it is a presenting, towards its own people it is a robbing, Government. Mere shirking of responsibility implies being a spectator, but still not disregard for people's lives and property nor the forcible handing of them over to outsiders. But our present Government goes so far as to play jackal to tiger, guide to robber, as though it feared the Powers' own resources would not suffice to extinguish our China nor China's straits to crush our people, and so must hurry on the date of our dismemberment and ruin. Some say of late the Government has been keen on genuine reforms in accordance... \n\n[2818 bb-1]\n\n0\n\n55", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 415894, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 59, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "6 \n\nwith popular wish; but this is going too far. What puzzle me are the two subjects at the head of this article.\n\n\"As regards the first, the Agreement is cancelled, funds subscribed, work begun, and there is no call for additional foreign money.\n\nYet a loan is forced on the officials and gentry, whose distress is pitiful. As to the rice the Japanese refused in Hunan, turn to the Nanking Viceroyalty. The Viceroy's and Governor's telegrams prove the wrong policy of rescuing a man from a well (referring to a Tso Chuan story of a warrior who hauled his foe out of a well only to be captured by him.-E. H. F.), yet the Government, unheeding, insists on compelling them to satisfy outsiders' boundless wants. Mencius' warning to take notice of general objection is disregarded by this violent adoption of a policy of robbing Peter to pay Paul. Does the Government wish to alienate the people, whose attachment it is hard enough to secure in these times of crisis? Does it want to please outsiders, who need no encouragement in their schemes against us? These things puzzle me.\n\n\"Foreign loans are admissible enough when home funds are short and the people unenlightened; when projected reforms, general or particular, are blocked by want of money, then it may be worth risking the fate of Egypt and India by undertaking monetary burdens in hope of future good to State and people. And such action in face of popular objection may be pardoned if there is no other motive.\n\nBut do any of these considerations apply to the forced railway loan?\n\n\"Relief of distress, charity to neighbours, is indeed a way to cement friendly relations, but we must really have surplus before we help outsiders. Now, the Kiang-huai has year after year been starving, and this year the unfed people died of hunger in the ditches in untold numbers. Does the Government forget, or does it purposely shut its eyes? Moreover, its action is styled charity, but is it charity to let one's own stomach go empty in order to supply the rich? Does the duty of mutual exchange justify forcing what is non-existent into being?\n\nIt is called keeping its word. But does the duty... Ab me! To-day society men pervade capital and provinces, evil folk stupidly plot rebellion, daily spying of blunders by Government to give excuse for stirring general disorder, men of purpose constantly lament that the danger of disunion and debacle is not far off. If the Government schemed for a happy future of peaceful constitutional Government it would base its external and internal policy on popular feeling as ascertained by inquiry. But if its policy is repression, does it want to see how much the people will stand, or does it look on them as mere pawns to be given as presents? If so, Yang's words unhappily apply to it.\"\n\nThe \"Nan Fang Pao\" of the 9th November, under \"Railways and Mining,\" has the following:-\n\n\"Censor Hsu Ting-ch'ao has presented a sealed Memorial regarding the forced loan. He points out that though the Soo-Hang-Ning Preliminary Agreement was made by the British Envoy, Sheng notified by letter its abrogation for delay in starting work, and Governor Chang announced its non-recognition. The other side also recognized that they could not build in time, and acknowledged its abrogation. It is by no means good policy now to lose faith with the people in order to acquiesce in a neighbour State's request, and it is impossible to turn forcibly a commercial into a Government railway. Of late the people have been enthusiastic and shares subscribed reached 30,000,600, but the sudden news that the English money is going to be borrowed to build it has greatly incensed people's feelings, and trouble may be apprehended. But if the Wai-wu Pu are in an utter quandary and cannot retrieve the position, we must treat this loan as a State loan independent of railways, though the two provinces will still have to repay its principal and interest out of railway funds. Thus railway rights will not pass into foreign control. This question is a very serious matter for China, since any compromise over it will probably have a great bearing on the cancelled Hankow-Canton Railway question and on the diplomatic difficulties as to Yunnan and Tonquin,\n\n\"The Wai-wu P'u is, by rescript, bidden to take note of the above.\"\n\nThe \"Universal Gazette\" of the 8th November reports that certain shareholders in the Hunan Railway Company have presented a joint application to the Viceroy to withdraw their subscriptions, on the score of there being no definite date for starting and of the managers having thrown up their responsibilities. The Viceroy, Chao, bade them wait quietly and not set an example which might shake the whole business.\n\nThe same paper says that the Hankow Electric Light and Waterworks Company has applied to be paid the 300,000 dollars promised by his Excellency Chang as Government share in the enterprise, now that all the private capital has been paid in and all arrangements made.\n\nGrand Councillor\n\nThe \"Nan Pao\" of the 10th November: \"Important news. Yuan's maintenance of mistaken views as to borrowing funds.\n\n\"His Excellency Yuan vigorously fathers the loan for the Soochow-Hangchow-Ningpo Railway and is quite unmoved by the telegraphic protests from all over China. A very trusted secretary took an opportunity to ask privately his reasons, whereupon his Excellency recounted his views to the following effect: The development of mines and railways is China's most urgent task and admits of no delay. Unluckily it requires a dozen millions, which the utterly impoverished provincials cannot supply. The inevitable delay in Chinese development will not only make outsiders' interference inevitable, but is also bad for China. Moreover, lots of European States attained to wealth and strength only by borrowing for important works as their own funds were insufficient for. Everything depends upon clear limitation of the Concession granted when making agreements, but if sovereign rights are not let slip it does not follow that the mere raising of foreign loans is to be considered a boundless calamity. So I feel bound to support borrowing to develop mines and railways in every province, the Soo-Hang-Ning Railway being only one instance. Now the final scheme in controlling the State must be to have a single object. However much provincial officials and gentry oppose, I'd rather use absolute force than let popular opinion sway me for hope that the overcoming of this obstacle, by preventing any one daring to stand forth in opposition to future loans for similar ends in other provinces, will enable me to answer to myself without shame. Five per cent. discount, which went into the agent's pocket, has been the rule in arranging loans; but my firm determination is not to take a cent, turning the discount into the principal. My sole aim is by saving the people a fraction of State debt to accomplish a fraction more of my duty. As to public right and public wrong, they take a long time to prove; could the animadversions of the present overthrow my fixed policy? From this his entourage perceived that his mind was made up and did not venture to offer any more advice on this subject.\"\n\n0 \n\nو دوران ایران اسلام \n\n56", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422722, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 125, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "## Character of People\n\nThe nature of the Mongols inhabiting Ordos is wholly different to that of the Chinese. With the exception of the lamas, I found all the Mongols met and in whose houses I stayed freely, as friendly, honest, and kindly as one could hope to find in any part of the world. Their ignorance respecting everything in modern civilized use is wholly delightful; but unlike the Chinese, they have no false sense of shame at their ignorance and ask innumerable questions as to the use to which every single thing is put, openly avowing that it is entirely new to them. The Chinese invariably try to conceal their ignorance and pretend they know when they really know nothing about a thing. Not so the Mongols, who ask the naive questions of children. My Chinese retinue despised them very much for doing so and did not conceal their contempt for them. It seems to me that the contempt in which the Chinese held the Mongols is very similar to that in which we are apt to hold the Chinese.\n\nAs regards the Mongol honesty, I never had a single thing stolen from the ghers I occupied. The doors to the ghers (when such exist at all) lock on the outside; the Mongol asks what is the use of locking the door when he is inside; it is only when he is away from the gher that it requires to be locked, so the traveller never has an opportunity of locking the door at night. There is always a heavy felt flap which falls over the doorway and usually this has to serve the duty of door as well, so the Mongols have every opportunity of entering the traveller's abode while he sleeps and of robbing and even murdering him. That the Mongols do neither is certainly proof of their honesty and friendliness, for nothing would be easier for them than to do both with impunity.\n\n## The Ordos Tribes\n\nThe Ordos tribes are all administered from Kwihuacheug and not from Peking direct, but \"supervision\" is perhaps a more correct term than \"administration,\" for they seem hitherto to have been independent. I am informed that each Prince receives an annual subsidy in money from the Chinese Government; this money, however, is not sent to him, but is placed to his credit at the `Li fan pu` (\"Board of Dependencies\"). The sum varies according to the position of the Princes; Wang ranks in the first class and receives 1,000 taels (**150**), all the others are secondary Princes and only get 500 taels (**75**). In spite of this, it is Wushin who holds the big seal of the tribes and represents them, vis-à-vis, the Chinese Government.\n\nThe residences of the Princes are small, unimposing, and insignificant. They are built in the Chinese fashion with a couple or so of courtyards. They are built of brick, as a rule, and the roofs and eaves are simply imitations of Chinese architecture. Some of the Princes, however, erect the national gher in one of the courtyards and prefer to live in that. Each residence has a small temple attached to it.\n\n## The Mongol Gher\n\nThe gher is usually lined within with felt, and the exterior covered with the same material, which is bound round with strings of hide. In the case of the very poor, who cannot afford felt, oxen dung is utilized, cakes being spread on both inside and outside, according as this material accumulates. The floor is always the bare ground, on which mats may be thrown. As animals are allowed to wander in and out as they please, the floor is always covered with vermin.\n\nAlmost every gher or group of ghers is surrounded by a stockade of thick brushwood some 12 feet high, which prevents the wild animals from entering and also breaks the force of the wind. Inside the stockade will be one or several ghers, according to the wealth or number of the family.\n\nThe contents of the interior of the gher vary according to the means of the family: the usual equipment is—a brazier in the centre underneath the circular hole in the roof, a few wooden chests round the walls containing cups, crockery utensils for the family, a few mats on the floor, and perhaps a couple of low stools.\n\nThe princely ghers are identical in shape with those of their subjects but are larger and more luxurious. The Prince of Wushin's gher is lined inside and outside with felt, while inside there is an additional lining of thin dark red silk. The floor is of stone, covered with a heavy and beautiful Ninghsia carpet.\n\n16 \n\nThe latter, they would be subject to any exaction passers-by might make on them, and though the most hospitable of people, they are not prepared to stretch their hospitality to the extent that their homes and property are at the mercy of any and every passing Chinese official. But even among the hills, distances between the habitations are usually great. The land in each tribe belongs to that particular tribe, who pay no taxes to the Chinese Government, nor has this the right at present to levy such. The Prince of each tribe is responsible for the land of his tribe and has apparently the power to sell unoccupied portions of it to the Chinese Government or others; he may, however, incur the odium of his subjects by doing so. Each Prince levies the taxes he pleases on his subjects; these taxes take the form of levy of animals, forced labour for the Prince for so many days, or payment of money; this latter, however, is the least common, as the amount of silver in anybody's possession is small. As the Princes are extravagant, the taxes are said to increase annually, thereby causing a certain amount of discontent. Each Prince has a yamên attached to his residence where he settles small disputes and troubles. He has not the power to deal with large questions, which must be sent to the nearest Chinese Prefect in China, that is to say, for in the Ordos, there are no Chinese officials of any kind. The Mongols, however, are a peaceful race, and the work of the yamêns is light.\n\n17 \n\nPage 16\nPage 17", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 424947, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-365 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1910 [1-3]", "page_number": 595, "title": "CO129-365 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1910 [1-3]", "content_text": "## HOAI KONG\n\ndesire to offer to the L.C. have any offer \n\nm obscis gard. to the Starbas 1 Refuge ordée atrick was enlaer im Antritted Ke Letter Frien sexs of the 31st Dec (41330/2909) 1908. \n\nHose \n\n12685 0.0. 12685 REC 585 (REG 30 Ph 10 ugord 105 bonatores restviding CH prohibiting Infront of Abe Morphine di. 1910 Mch. \n\nLast previous Paper. mo 6& COMMIS Send (Conf 3 June Senas craves Gove notifications as là m Enquires of lists complete. Explains why thinochon is omitted. Hopes action will be taken to stick expor of morphine from England & farbast: \n\nZoom the If Shaft Cobbins M. : Copy £70. drawing attention to the aquiest in the last parn. \n\nRuss As to के \n| para 2, refer | 2037 Strait. | \n| --- | --- | \n| 5) W1.21,650-3. | 10,000 | \n| 110 A.B.W. | subsequent Paper. | \n| 2687 | Colored Seely AB | \n| the | 91.00 4. | \n\nCopy to F.O. drawing attention to the last sentence of paragraphe 2, and to the concluding paragraph.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-365 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1910 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 425146, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-366 - Governor Sir Lugard Acting Governor May - 1910 [4-5]", "page_number": 171, "title": "CO129-366 - Governor Sir Lugard Acting Governor May - 1910 [4-5]", "content_text": "## TELEGRAM\n**LIMITED**\n\nTo \n\n**REMARKS**\n\nTHE EASTERN TELEGRAPH CO., LTD.\n\nLONDON STATIONS:\n\n* CHIEF STATION: 11, OLD BROAD STREET, EC.\n* 8, TRADENHALL STREET, EC.\n* BRANCH STATIONS:\n\t+ 3, GREAT TOWER STREET, E.C.\n\t+ 37, OLBORN VIADUCT, E.C.\n\t+ 449, STRAND, W.C.\n\t+ 4, ELECTRA HOUSE, RO...\n\t+ 41 & 42, PARLIAMENT STREET, ...\n\t+ 6, DENMAN STREET, BORO' HIGH STREET, S.E.\n\n| No. | Foreign No. | Received at | Dated | Via |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 40 | | 21 Apr 1916 | 21 Apr 10 400 | \"Eastern\" |\n\nTelegram from Chapelines:\n\nJones starts maronite to pay more than half salary month all robbings.\n\nSuccess of ... Should you ... thoroughly horrible directed first Europe through ... travelling through Sudan ...\n\nREPLIES SHOULD BE ORDERED Via Eastern\n\nDoubtful words should be **OFFICIALLY** repeated. See Rule Book.\n\nNo inquiry respecting this Telegram can be attended to without the production of this Copy.\n\nWALCHION & SONS Limited, Printers. London Wall, London", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-366 - Governor Sir Lugard Acting Governor May - 1910 [4-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 442435, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-400 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [3-4]", "page_number": 3, "title": "CO129-400 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [3-4]", "content_text": "# \n## DESP. \n## DATE \n## NO. \n## SUBJECT \n\n## DESP. \n## DATE \n## NO. \n## VOL. \n## SUBJECT \n\n| 2 | 26 March | Invitation from German Emperor. |\n| about 26 | | opium Traffic. |\n| | | Director of Education. |\n| | | Defalcations in Harbour Dept. |\n| | | Rental of Quarters of Dist. Officer & Asst. Dist. Office; at ... |\n| | | Lunatic, Frank Raynor. |\n\n| 26 | 102 | 27 | | opium Convention. |\n| | | conf | 27 | |\n| 28 | | Marconi Patents base. |\n| 28 | | Wireless operators. |\n| 28 | 135 | 29 | Sec | |\n| 31 | 4 | | | Import of Opium into Macao. |\n| | | | | Affairs in Canton |\n| 2 | 110 | 2 | | Public House Reform. |\n| | | conf | 159 | |\n| | | upi | Wireless Patents base. |\n| | | cont | | |\n| #2 | 3 | about | 117 | cont |\n| | | | 118 | the |\n| | | | 120 | cont |\n| | | | 123 | Stee |\n| | | | 125 | |\n| | | | 126 | |\n| 12 | A | | | Gratuity to post 6. A. Fall. |\n| | | | | Opium Trade. |\n| | | | | communications from Chamber of Commerce to MM. Mingler at M. Liang Shih-yi Peking |\n| | | | | Appeal of sepoy Ibrahim to Privy Council. Rental of Furniture provided for manager of Railway. Consumption of copperage by Canton Mint. |\n| | | | | Armed Robbing in New Territories) Levy of the Loo...: Subsidiary Loan |\n| | | | | Recruitment of Chinese for Malay States from D. J. Bell |\n| | | Br. | | Twinsila |\n| | | | | Restime rules to workers in Harbour Office. |\n| | | | | Acting Land Officer. |\n| | | | | Foreign Bank Notes. |\n| | | | | Persian opium. |\n| | | | | Pension to H. G. Baker. |\n| | | | | Alleged Sale of Spirits under False Trade Description. |\n\n| Conf | 15 Apl | Sytam Suk Scheme. Waterworks. |\n| 128 | 10 | | | conf |\n| 16 | 132 | pont | 17 | |\n| 134 | 18 | | 135° | 18 |\n| 136 | 18 | | | * |\n| | | | | about 21. |\n| 139 | 25 | | | 25 |\n| | | | | 25′′ |\n| | | bony | 25 | Kee |\n| | | 216 | | dr |\n| | | 28 | | 29 |\n| | | 30 | | *4 |\n\n| * | A | 1 | | Mosquito-borne Diseases. |\n| | | | | Persian Opium. |\n| | | | | Lunatic Raynor, |\n| | | | | Subsidiary Coinage. |\n| | | | | European Reservation at Taipo. |\n| | | | | `Ordinance No.4-1913.` Mercantile Bank Note Issue Amendt. |\n| | | | | `Mob - 1913.` Tenancy Amendt. |\n| | | | | Chinese Labour for N. Borneo. |\n| | | | | Power of Arrest . |\n| | | | | Acceptance of 6°. Directorships by retired Col. Officials `trace No.1913.` Offences against the Person (Amendting) Piracies & Robberies in Kwangtung. |\n| | | | | Opium Smoking |\n| | | | | Kikin in Canton. |\n| | | | | on Canton - Kowloon Railway. |\n| | | | | `Grace no 7-1913.` General Loan & Inscribed Stock. |\n| | | | | `708-1913.` Railway Loan. |\n| | | | | Green Island Cement 6°. |\n| | | | | Canton Lottery Bonds. |\n| | | | | Dr Moore's Appeal for Transfer. |\n| | | | | Political Situation in S. China. |\n| | | | | Capt. Lyons. Commutation of Portion of Pension. |\n\n`(47615A) Wt 12218A/2108 2000 10/28 H & J, Ld Gp 113`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-400 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [3-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 442852, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-400 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [3-4]", "page_number": 420, "title": "CO129-400 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [3-4]", "content_text": "## Reports of Robbery and Piracy\n\nFatshan: $200 of silk etc. stolen by 5 armed men in shop on South edge of city. \nMin Sheng Pao 15.3.13.\n\nMin Sheng Pao 15.3.13.\n\nShih T'an: junk plundered on way to Canton. \n413\n\nShih T'an: passengers from train robbed 1 li from station on 19th instant. \nKuo Min Pao 22.3.13.\n\nA Yu: station on C.K. Railway robbed on 16th instant. Increase of ten men made to Shih T'an Railway Guard. \nCh'i Shih Erh Hang Pao 24.3.13.\n\nShao-chow: telegram from Merchant Body asking for assistance on North River; booty to value of several tens of thousands of dollars taken recently. \nCh'i Shih Erh Hang Pao 10.3.13. Between Fei Lai Hsia and Lien Chiang K'ou over 30 boats have recently been pirated and the village of Chu Hsi plundered. \nMin Sheng Pao 11.3.13.\n\nHsiao T'ang Ch'iao: several cargo boats under escort attacked unsuccessfully while passing down river. \nMin Sheng Pao 14.3.13.\n\nP'ai Chiang: Highway Robbery reported. \nMin Sheng Pao 20.3.13.\n\nYing Te Hsien: The stations of Shih P'ai K'eng and Heng Shih were robbed on night of 5th instant. \nYang Ch'eng Pao 7.3.13.\n\nCh'ing Yuan: telegram from merchants reads:- several thousand robbers now in Heng Shih district cutting off water and rice supplies and robbing stations. \nCh'i Shih Erh Hang Pao 8.3.13.\n\nPai Shih T'an: fight between villagers and robbers on evening of 16th instant. \nMin Sheng Pao 19.3.13.\n\nPa Chiang K'ou: on Yueh Han Railway: four incursions followed by robbery and rape are reported. \nMin Sheng Pao 25.3.13.\n\nPage 420 \nPage 421", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-400 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [3-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 444424, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10]", "page_number": 421, "title": "CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10]", "content_text": "## Summary of Reports of piratical attacks committed outside the jurisdiction of the Colony of Hongkong.\n\n### 25th. September, 1913.\n\nKwok Hon, Master of the S.S. **\"Licorne\"** under the Chinese flag, crew of 47, no arms reported at 7:30 a.m. 25th instant that the above ship left the wharf at Wing Lok Street at 7 p.m. 24th instant for Wuchow with 14 passengers and general cargo. All went well until about 10:30 p.m. when the ship was off Ki O in Chinese waters near Macao Island. The quartermaster named Ah So and the pilot were at the wheel; he was in his cabin lying down, the door of the cabin being open. 2 men whom he can identify as passengers from Hongkong came into his cabin; they were armed with revolvers and knives. He was ordered to vacate his cabin and while doing so, one of the men struck him with a knife, cutting his jacket and singlet and causing a slight scratch on his right side. They ordered him to go down to the tween decks and then put him in the after hold where some of the crew and about 4 of the passengers were; the cover was then placed over the hold. After he and other people had been in the hold for about an hour, the cover was taken off by the Compradore and some of the crew, when he got on deck he found that the ship was at anchor off Sarpan Chau about 10 miles from Ki O. The robbers had all left the ship, taking with them 2 of the ship's boats, with the name **\"Licorne\"** on each, 2 chests of opium value about $9,000 and 8 cases of cargo and about $1,000 in money from the compradore. During the time the robbers were on board, several shots were fired and 8 persons were injured. The robbers boarded the ship in Hongkong as passengers.\n\n### September, 1913.\n\nI, Leung Kung Pau, owner of Junk **\"Sun Lee\"** No. `T.2068H` plying between Hongkong and Ham Long, regret to inform you that on the 22nd instant at 9 a.m. when off Ah Chau, my junk was attacked by pirates about 70 in number who boarded her and kidnapped away 2 of my men named Lee Kwan Chung, and Lee Chak Ming, robbing her at...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 445785, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913", "page_number": 256, "title": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913", "content_text": "5\n\nsanctioning the immediate prohibition of import into any province which had completely suppressed the cultivation of opium, an act of such conspicuous grace on the part of your Government that, in addition to the blessings it conferred on China, it obtained the acclamations of the whole world.\n\nFukien province opened a campaign against opium at a very early date. During the last years of the Ch'ing dynasty officials and people combined in absolute abolition of the drug, and that the poppy was absolutely eradicated throughout the province is acknowledged by humanitarians of every nationality. But after the revolution no leisure was found to pursue the opium policy owing to the urgency of military affairs, and in every part the common people, with a view to gain, seized this opportunity for secret cultivation. This was the outcome of the disturbed state of the times, and there is no object in concealing the fact. But since last spring order has been more or less restored locally, and the people and the Government alike look on the opium policy as a matter of primary importance. In every district, although the opium was nearly ready for harvesting, it was thoroughly destroyed without the slightest compassion. The country in Hsing Hua district was the chief area of cultivation, the people not realising the purport of the agreement, and feeling that to suppress the cultivation before suppressing the import was merely robbing the farmers of their livelihood to fill the pockets of the foreign merchants. They therefore combined and rose in revolt; troops had to be employed to root up the opium, and it was not till over a thousand people had met their deaths that the purpose was achieved and the poppy utterly destroyed. This province has dealt with the opium question with the utmost harshness and severity, and it is only our anxiety to obtain our object and suppress the import without delay that has enabled us to bear the thought of this terrible suffering. It is certainly the first time in the history of any of the provinces that an enormous income has been thrown away and the lives of the people regarded as of no more value than dirt. Your Excellency, too, probably finds this condition of affairs too sad to be endured.\n\nThe British Government has now consented to the prohibition of import into Anhui, Hunan, and Shantung, but Fukien, which suppressed opium at a very early date, and which displayed the utmost energy in removing the evil, cannot find a place on the list of closed provinces! This is a general disappointment. We have a high respect for the sincerity and friendliness shown by your Excellency in all international relations, and for your humanity, and we make so bold, therefore, as to beseech your Excellency to lay before the British Government a detailed account of the distress due to the stern manner in which the poppy in this province has been destroyed, and the miseries suffered by the people in consequence of the suppression of opium: and we beg that you will press for the early prohibition of import, so as to grant us liberty in suppressing opium, and enable us to pass safely over these dark waters. Such would, indeed, be an act of commiseration on the part of His Majesty's Government and a real assistance conferred by your Excellency. On behalf of our 30,000,000 fellow-provincials we thus lay bare our minds and pray your Excellency to deign to cast your eyes on our request.\n\nWe have, &c. (General Anti-Opium Society at Fukien),\n\nMA HSI-HOU, Secretary.\n\nEnclosure 5 in No. 1.\n\nBritish Minister states that the season is now too late for personal examination; but he will instruct His Majesty's consul to make investigations and will communicate with us again.'\n\n\"This being so, the prohibition or otherwise of the import rests entirely with the British consul. This Society would humbly submit that Fukien opened its anti-opium campaign at a very early date, and that its success in the past is known to both Chinese and foreigners. At the close of the late dynasty the whole province had been swept absolutely clear of opium, as humanitarians of every race acknowledge under their own hands, expressing their willingness at the same time to demand from the British Government that the import of Indian opium should be prohibited. Unfortunately, however, the revolution broke out, and the urgency of the military situation submerged the opium question, and the common people seized the opportunity for the surreptitious planting of the poppy, so that the British commissioners, on reaching out-of-the-way places, took photographs of the poppy for the purpose of withstanding the prohibition of import; but this was the result of the general upheaval, and so there is certainly no purpose in vehemently denying the fact. Order having this spring been more or less restored, the opium campaign was pushed forward, and in spite of the fact that the opium everywhere was on the point of harvest, it was all eradicated in the most thorough manner, without any show of clemency. In Hsiang Hua district, for instance, where most poppy was grown, troops were employed to root it up, millions in money being cast away, and human life regarded as less than nought. Fukien's determined destruction of the poppy may be announced to all the world, and she will not be ashamed. Great Britain has now sanctioned the closing of three more provinces, Anhui, Hunan, and Shantung, but Fukien is still left out in the cold to the general disappointment. In addition, therefore, to addressing a demand to the consuls at Foochow and Amoy, and praying the philanthropists of every country to maintain the right, this Society has the honour to address this despatch to your Excellency (the Governor), humbly imploring you to meet their prayers, and desire the Special Deputy for Foreign Affairs to present to the consuls at Foochow and Amoy a formal demand that they shall request the British Minister in the interests of justice to sanction the more speedy closing of Fukien to the import of Indian opium.'\n\nIn accordance with the above I have the honour to request you to take such action as you may think fit, and let me have a reply.\"\n\nNow the success attained by Fukien in the suppression of opium is magnificent, and as the opium in every district has now all been eradicated by a determined effort and at a cost of great suffering, it is only right that this province should claim equal treatment with the three provinces of Anhui, Hunan, and Shantung, the closure of which Great Britain has now sanctioned, that so she may not be left out in the cold. therefore earnestly beg your Excellency and the consul at Amoy to show your zeal for the public welfare by assisting the suppression of opium. I have the honour to request you to propose to the British Minister in Peking that he permit the prohibition of the import of Indian opium to be put forward, so that Fukien may at an early date attain her object of utterly putting an end to opium.\n\nIn addition to replying to the civil Governor and addressing a despatch to the British consul at Amoy, I have the honour to communicate with your Excellency in the above sense, hoping you will transmit this proposal to His Majesty's Minister.\n\nAwaiting the favour of a reply, I avail, &c.,\n\nMr. Wang (Special Deputy for Foreign Affairs in Fukien) to Consul Werner. (Translation.) Sir,\n\nJune 26, 1911. I HAVE received the following communication from the civil Governor :— \"The Anti-Opium Society reports as follows:-\n\n\"Some time since we sent a telegram to the Wai-chiao Pu requesting them to approach the British Minister with a demand for the closure of Fukien province. We have now received a telegram from the Wai-chiao Pu as follows:-\n\n\"We have received your two telegrams. The subject of the prohibition of the import of Indian opium into Fukien has already been brought before the British Minister (see our telegrams to the Tutu and the civil Governor of Fukien). The\n\nSir,\n\nEnclosure 6 in No. 1.\n\nConsul Warner to Mr. Wang (Special Deputy for Foreign Affairs).\n\nFoochow, July 14, 1913. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge receipt of your despatch of the 26th June (recites despatch), to which pressure of work has prevented me from replying sooner.\n\nYou state that all the poppy plants in the Fukien province have been eradicated, and, although I am not personally able to deny this assertion, yet I am in receipt of information that in those places where the poppy plants were harvested they were taken\n\n255", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 451606, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914", "page_number": 533, "title": "CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914", "content_text": "## MINUTE\n\n341. Robbins 27/3 Mr. Juffin 276\n\nI am to attach the Assistant Secretary's minute of 23rd March with regard to the repatriation of Chinese engaged in Hong Kong on British ships.\n\nIn pursuance of the decision to suspend for the time being the recruitment of Chinese seamen, the Marine Board & Trade have been informed.\n\nMr. Watter (P.M.(2134)) of this date.\n\nThe following were copied: Sir G. Fiddes, Sir H. Just, Sir J. Anderson, Lord Emmott, Mr. Harcourt.\n\n`37924/14` The 29th April 1942.\n\nThere was urgent summons of official conferences, the settlement of the question and await the...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460363, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 496, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "493\n\n40\n\nmenaced by an aggressive Germany, and entered into a defensive alliance. Russia and France had little cause for anxiety so far as Austria and Italy were concerned, friendly Germany was the sole firebrand of relations continuing to exist with those countries.\n\nEurope and the world, and it was for protection against Germany that Russia and France entered into their Alliance. Thus began the modern Balance of Power, on the one hand Germany, Austria and Italy; on the other, France and Russia. Many attempts were made to bring Britain into the Franco-Russian Alliance, but she sought rather to make friends with all the nations, and to work for a better understanding all round. To this end the English King, Edward VII., entered into friendly relations with the other nations everywhere, and desired to do the same with Germany. His object, and that of British policy, was to find some method of bringing Germany and France into harmony, but the time had not yet arrived. When war broke out England was on excellent terms with Austria, Italy, and all the other Powers. England was also on good terms with Germany, and had as her policy the endeavour to work for peace, and for modification of the burden of armaments. Two years ago Britain offered to Germany a year's holiday from the building of warships, that is, that neither nation should build warships for a year. Germany refused.\n\nEngland has always declined to join any European Alliance, being desirous of avoiding the complications of continental politics, and believing that her position of independence would be of equal or greater value in the interests of the Peace of Europe. But the offensive attitude of Germany in recent years compelled her to enter into sympathetic relations, Thus, at the outbreak of War, especially with France, and in a less degree with Russia. the Balance of Power consisted, on the one hand, of the Triple Alliance, Germany, Austria and Italy, and on the other, the Triple Entente of England, France and Russia.\n\n41\n\nTHE EXCUSE FOR THE WAR.\n\nVIII.\n\nAustria and Serbia.\n\nThat the main responsibility for the War rests upon the insatiable ambition of the Military Party in Germany is clearly shown by the evidence which has been given to the world. Their principal aim was to annex Belgium with her colonies, reduce France and seize her colonies, cripple England, expand Austro-German influence in the Balkan States, control Turkey and Asia Minor, dominate Africa, and obtain, through a strongly fortified Tsing-Tao, a powerful influence in the Far East. That is the policy planned and openly advocated in the book published three years ago by a German General, as explained in Chapter III, and this present war has proved that his plans were indeed the Imperial plans.\n\nFor twenty years the King of Prussia, who is also German Emperor, has been shaking his mailed fist in the face of the world. He shook it in the face of China and extorted Tsing-Tao. He has shaken it in the face of France, of Russia, and of Britain, but in vain. He has not shaken it in the face of Turkey, the blood-stained Oppressor, preferring affectionately to shake her Sultan's hand, until opportunity should serve to tighten his hold.\n\nAll this time he has loudly protested himself as the Protector of the Peace of the World. Just as the village bully loudly talks of his justice and peacefulness, while all the time rubbing his fists, or shaking his club, so has it been with the Prussian King. Even the village bully feels compelled to find some excuse for attacking and robbing a family. In like manner the Prussian King, having fully prepared his army, organised every detail of attack, and completed his Navy, seized with avidity upon the murder of the Archduke of Austria as an excuse for breaking the peace. Fearing that Russia and Austria might come to terms if allowed time for discussion, the Kaiser rushed in with a declaration of War upon Russia.\n\nTHE EXCUSE.\n\nWhat then is this excuse that Prussia has seized upon with such alacrity? The deed upon which the excuse was founded has been called the crime of Serbia, but it might with even greater accuracy be called the crime of Austria. It was the murder of the Archduke and Archduchess of Austro-Hungary. This murder was a wicked deed, but if the history of the crime be studied it will be found that the cause of the murder lay in the misgovernment of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Let us examine the facts and get to the root of the matter.\n\n36", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 461347, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-432 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [3-5]", "page_number": 828, "title": "CO129-432 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [3-5]", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n30381 \nRec. 27 UN 15 \n831 \n\n## GOVERNMENT HOUSE \nHONGKONG \n12th May, 1916 \n\nSir,\n\nIn continuation of my Confidential Despatch of the 8th May, I have the honour to transmit the enclosed copy of a despatch from His Majesty's Consul-General at Canton to His Majesty's Minister at Peking detailing the depredations committed on Stations of the Chinese Section of the Kowloon Canton Railway during the past two months.\n\n2. It is now reported that the rebels have been defeated by General Lung Chai-kwong's troops at Waichau with a loss of 1000 killed and wounded on the side of the rebels. The casualties are no doubt greatly exaggerated but the truth of the report is shown by the influx of refugees from the district into this Colony. These unfortunate people, unpaid, are fleeing before Chan Kwing-ming's routed men who are looting and robbing. Attacks upon the Railway will now probably cease.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nYour most obedient, humble servant,\nBom\nGovernor, &c.\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE \nANDREW BONAR LAW, \nM.P., &c., &c.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-432 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [3-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 465745, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916", "page_number": 544, "title": "CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916", "content_text": "Hit solives were not adequate for the work lating thin consthing intiha wito conson: but that no formal statement can be made.\n\nEsturb Mr. Melderry In writing as proposed we might send copy of the pamphlet in 21318/13, and may be also say that you will be ready to answer enquiries as far as you can, with regard to the increased cost in recent years of living since the war?\n\nAre Mr. Bosticon Mr. Lobins rise 8.11.16. As the Wo. wrth to Run the the cost of living since 1802 they might who Copii 7 be aut the pauphlet in 24113/11, and of that referred to in 29852/10 if obtainable.\n\nBefore the war wage Rince Any 114 mcche change Crocur the reoveel z house rents and steadily rising, but there has not been I thit. For in the The Germans 538 houses available for other people and Shecked the rive though it did not affrenibly lower rent; and the cost of living to the Chinese has not four up much owing to an ware So that wagn have not bee forced up.\n\nEuropean food and clothing increased have of course greatly frince during thegs the wa fuch all termed foods, auch jain, milk, oatmeal, meste q various Kuida L obtained from England. The or America. have t bear wcreased rates of freight and marine msurance, in addition fries at the source.\n\nBefore the wan which is & increased The La The Daving Farm, by great stand for Europeans, used to obtain large enfflies of frozen meat and butter\n\nAfter re-examining the text and following the instructions:\n\nHouse prices were not adequate for the work relating to this construction within this context, but that no formal statement can be made.\n\nMr. McElderry In writing as proposed we might send a copy of the pamphlet in 21318/13, and may be also say that you will be ready to answer enquiries as far as you can, with regard to the increased cost of living since the war?\n\nAre Mr. Boston Mr. Robbins rise 8.11.16. As they were to run the cost of living since 1802 they might also be authorised the pamphlet in 24113/11, and of that referred to in 29852/10 if obtainable.\n\nBefore the war wages since Any 1914 much change occurred the removal of house rents and steadily rising, but there has not been much effect. For instance, the Germans 538 houses available for other people and checked the rise though it did not appreciably lower rent; and the cost of living to the Chinese has not gone up much owing to an ware so that wages have not been forced up.\n\nEuropean food and clothing have of course greatly increased in price during the war such as all tinned foods, such as jam, milk, oatmeal, meat etc. various kinds obtained from England or America have to bear increased rates of freight and marine insurance, in addition to prices at the source.\n\nBefore the war which is largely increased The Dairy Farm, by a great stand for Europeans, used to obtain large supplies of frozen meat and butter\n\nHere is the corrected HTML output:\n\nHouse prices were not adequate for the work relating to this construction within this context, but that no formal statement can be made.\n\nMr. McElderry In writing as proposed we might send a copy of the pamphlet in 21318/13, and may be also say that you will be ready to answer enquiries as far as you can, with regard to the increased cost of living since the war?\n\nAre Mr. Boston Mr. Robbins rise 8.11.16. As they were to run the cost of living since 1802 they might also be authorised the pamphlet in 24113/11, and of that referred to in 29852/10 if obtainable.\n\nBefore the war wages since Any 1914 much change occurred the removal of house rents and steadily rising, but there has not been much effect. For instance, the Germans 538 houses available for other people and checked the rise though it did not appreciably lower rent; and the cost of living to the Chinese has not gone up much owing to an ware so that wages have not been forced up.\n\nEuropean food and clothing have of course greatly increased in price during the war such as all tinned foods, such as jam, milk, oatmeal, meat etc. various kinds obtained from England or America have to bear increased rates of freight and marine insurance, in addition to prices at the source.\n\nBefore the war which is largely increased The Dairy Farm, by a great stand for Europeans, used to obtain large supplies of frozen meat and butter", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 477170, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-449 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [7-9]", "page_number": 400, "title": "CO129-449 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [7-9]", "content_text": "# HONG KONG\n396\nCO 52029\nFra 28 OCT 18\n52029\nhpB\nToray\n1918\nCoup\n\nLast previous Paper. `34006`\n\n**Attorney General**\n\nM. Kemp has applied for leave. Deaver to grant leave without calling in Barrister in private practice & replace him. Bell is not any objection affording b. Ick would act temporarily. If his Petition to quash his default of his logos, would be granted.\n\nTo the Treasurer, Conf 7th November '18\n\n## Next\n2.\n\n**Mr. Burke**\n\nWill you please advise on this? I think before answering the Gov. we had better try to get a reply from Lincoln's Inn to our letter of the 26th of July. Should we strengthen our case by letting them know confidentially that the Gov. wants to appoint Mr. Wood temporarily as Att. Gen., in place of Mr. Kemp who badly wants leave? Perhaps not, as the Inn may be anxious to safeguard the rights of the local Barristers.\n\nLuce Cobbins\nArc\n31.10.18\n\nI agree that before answering this, we should try for an answer from Lincoln's Inn. I think it hot to say anything about the Att. Gen.'ship - merely that the matter is one of urgency.\n\n`(1996–4h) Wt. 21661-18 12m. 9/18`\n`D&S. 0 1321`\n`A&C`\n|A|B|\n|---|---|\n|At once!||", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-449 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [7-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 478557, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-452 - Others & Individuals - 1918", "page_number": 22, "title": "CO129-452 - Others & Individuals - 1918", "content_text": "-8- \n\n20 \n\n\"Give tons, could amount you have on hand. Frey has no authority selling on credit, he has advised has Bold cash.\" \n\n7.0. No. 05290 of 11.10.17. \n\nFrom: Department Commerce, Berne. \n\nTo: Legation Suisse, Washington. \n\n\"Huit surveillance autorise quatorze mille kilos knotted hemp de Herman Jubler cotton exchange building New York reference un neuf huit zero pour Charles Pfister Wohlen.\n\nFrom intercepted correspondence it appears that Pfister's business with O. Martini, Manila developed considerably. As an export permit for Switzerland was refused to Pfister in respect of 9000 kilos of hemp coming from Martini and stored with the Societa Italo Svizzera di Trasporti, Genoa, Pfister on August 22nd, 1917 made the following apparently dishonest proposal to Fabbriche Riunite F. & E. Gilli, Florence, in order to overcome the difficulty. The 9,000 kilos may be the 9000 kilos originally mentioned in the Germann & Co. correspondence: \n\n\"9000 Kilogs. of knotted hemp. As I told you 9000 kgs. of knotted hemp are stored with the Societa Italo-Svizzera but export permit for this has been refused by the Minister of Finance and it appears that it is not easy to obtain one. \n\nThe only solution that I can think of would be that you took possession of these 9000 kgs (sic) i.e. that I send them to you. You can then get into communication with the Minister of Finance and apply to him for an export permit pointing out that you have no use for these goods in your business. \n\nWill you kindly let me know if you are prepared to take this up? The goods if knotted in Italy or merely put on bobbins will probably be able to be exported as in this way Italy will have the advantage of working the raw material.\" \n\nOn the 7th October Pfister asked Soc. An. Truciolo, Carpo, and several other Italian firms to purchase the goods then lying at Genoa. \n\nOwing to the intercepting of Pfister's letters his attempts did not succeed and he had recourse to Amerigo Cattaneo of Milan, Martini's representative. \n\nAs regards the new business that Pfister is doing with Martini it may be noted that in the period from the 20th July to 29 Aug. he bought 81,000 kilogs of woven hemp fibre in spite of the difficulties which he is encountering in importing such goods into Switzerland. \n\nVarious references in the intercepted letters seem to show that the 9000 kg. lying at Genoa correspond to a consignment to which the English Government would not give a permit for shipment from Manila, and which was therefore sent to Hermann Dubler of New York with the intention of sending it on to Marseilles in transit for Switzerland. \n\nThis suggests strongly that they were ordered by Germann & Co. For reasons not known the goods, before they arrived at Marseilles were disembarked at Genoa.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-452 - Others & Individuals - 1918.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 483564, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4]", "page_number": 377, "title": "CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4]", "content_text": "HONG KONG\n\n26526\n\nREC 31 MAY 20\n\n374\n\nStubbs Coup\n\nAdmin of the Govt in event of absence or incapacity of For. & Col Sec.\n\nRaises question of admin. of the Colony, deprecates admin by present Military Officer. Vereally as is flescher, the Acting Col. Sec. is fully qualified to administer. Refers to cancellation of Dormant Commission of Oct 1903, that admin should not devolve on junior officers.\n\n11638104\n\nLa Cobbins\n\nCopy Dormant Commission to 1.0 to Aug. 20 To Yow. Hong Kong apphertil. Evector to Chor. Confol. is grey about the Dis E. Clable complaint.\n\nAs Regards the Reiniger affair, I have being laid down that we should consult foremos before warning them own offiens (its a levallen of fact weren't cranthed within - Ificially F \"incidulat anyhow) I would ignore observation.\n\n2. I quite apu that in the main crutention absence of for. & C. Lees\n\nPage 374\n\n(95089~1b) W28689-35 50,000 11/19, H, St. G, 122 41.\n\nNext subsequent Paper.\n\nGu 39272\n\n \nPage 374\n\n \nPage 375", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 483878, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-461 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [5-7]", "page_number": 231, "title": "CO129-461 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [5-7]", "content_text": "EASTERN TELEGRAPH COMPANY, LIMITE.\n\nDIRECT CABLE ROUTES FOR TELEGRAMS\n\nTo\n\nILIA, NEW ZEALAND, SOUTH AMERICA, INDIA, CHINA, JAPAN, STRAITS SETTLEMENTS, SPAIN, PORTUGAL, GREECE, TURKEY, EGYPT, ALL PARTS OF AFRICA, &c., &c.\n\n\"ATIONS IN GREAT BRITAIN.\n\n+ WAL\n\n■... \n\n212\n\nTIMES OF OPENING AND CLOSING.\n\nLONDON STATIONS :\n\nCENTRAL CABLE STATION. Open 8.16 7 μm. ALWAYS OPEN, Closed Sundays. Saturdays to 4 p.m.\n\nElectra House, E.C.\n\nFinsbury\n\n11, Cannon Street, E.C.4\n\n# Leadenhall Street, E.C.\n\n137 Cheapside, E.C.2\n\n*, Mincing Lane, M. Mark Lane, E.C.3\n\n\"The Baltic,\" Hary St. Entrance, E.C.3\n\n4, Parliament Street, S.W.1\n\n27, Wych Street, W.C.2\n\n8, Tooley Street, Borough, S.E.1\n\nBARING ARRANGEMENT.\n\n11, New Broad Street, E.C.2\n\nPROVINCIAL STATIONS:\n\nBIRMINGHAM:- 195, Colmore Row\n\nBRADFORD, Commercial Street\n\nBRISTOL, Small Street\n\nCARDIFF\n\nMt, Mercantile Exchange, Bute Docks\n\nDUNDEE. 68, Bank Street\n\nGLASGOW:-W, Frederick Street\n\nGIBRALTAR:- 12, Boy's Brigade House\n\nHULL:-Richmond Buildings, imesta\n\nLIVERPOOL - - K 11. Exchange Buildings\n\nThe Cotton Exchange\n\nMANCHESTER. MY Spring Garden\n\nNEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE\n\nQuayside Buildings\n\nPORTSMOUTH CORNWALL\n\nHem to public\n\nALWAYS OPEN.\n\nOpen 1 to p.m.\n\nOpen DT p.m.\n\nHEAD OFFICES OF THE COMPANY: ELECTRA HOUSE, FINSBURY PAVEMENT, LONDON, E.C.2.\n\nTelegraphic Address: EASTERN AVE, LONDON. Telephone: 1127 LONDON WALL.\n\nTELEPHONE: 3832 LONDON WALL (14 Lines)\n\nTELEGRAM\n\nISSUED FROM CHIEF CABLE STATION, ELECTRA HOUSE, FINSBURY PAVEMENT.\n\nREPLIES SHOULD BE ORDERED Via Eastern\n\nGet All Book.\n\nInquiry respecting this Telegram can be often led to without y, sin anaf this Coga.\n\nSee huge et form for list of Company's Stations in London and Telephone. Wunder\n\nDoubtful words should be OFFICIALLY repeated.\n\nORIGINAL\n\nTIME\n\nExamples, PW 3.45 p.m.\n\n8.35 a.m.\n\nXua 192/j\n\nto the\n\nSUR MARN\n\nwant an\n\nit\n\nLUMIT NG would suggest\n\nVER Y\n\nHIGH\n\nSUPTEARENE\n\nRECIDIATE with regard to\n\nThere\n\nTHAT\n\nAND HALF AT\n\nDURING\n\nDOLLAR\n\nWHICH\n\nPÅ ES ENT\n\nELBERG CO\n\nSA LAR LES\n\nCONS EA BLE considerable\n\nAAFTER ED\n\nSalary „ROBBING S\n\nnew talen\n\nPAID\n\nNI\n\nEN INOM'SIA\n\nSILWERGOD\n\nARTLE should be fund\n\nETFRAGE\n\nOR\n\nVIOLENT\n\nwill subunit\n\n#LAPPINGS\n\npand\n\nAT\n\nABILITYE\n\nThe first line of this Telegram contains the following particulars\n\nin the order named:\n\nNumber of Message, Office of Origin, Words, Date,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-461 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [5-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489452, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 600, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "## Wanhsien\n\nWanhsien has practically ceased, for the consignees prefer to wait indefinitely for their cargo rather than incur the risk of piracy. It is more than likely, moreover, that the brigands and constabulary are working hand in glove.\n\nFor several months past, a state of anarchy has prevailed in Wanhsien. Conditions there were far from perfect while Lu Shih-ti and Tien Chung-ku were in residence; General Li was there, but with their departure for the front, things went from bad to worse. T'ien-tsai was directed by Tang Chi-yao to extend his jurisdiction to include Wanhsien, but when he attempted to follow this instruction, the entry of his troops was forcibly obstructed by the Hupeh Expeditionary Force, and a battle was fought for the possession of the city on the 8th and 9th July. Finally, General Li was persuaded to withdraw his forces and evacuate the Wanhsien district.\n\n## Ichang\n\nThe situation in Ichang towards the end of July, brought about by the arrest of Wo Kuang-hsin at Wuchang, was described in the summary for last quarter. For a short time, there was a serious danger that his troops, stationed in Ichang, would attack the local provincial forces, which were in inferior numbers; later, it was announced that the former would be taken over by the Governor of Hupeh and incorporated with his forces. To this, General Chang Chi-shan of the 13th Brigade, after some negotiation, agreed. General Fei Kuo-hsiang of the 4th Mixed Brigade declined to acquiesce, but resigned, leaving Ichang with a few fellow-officers of similar views. His troops have now been united with the provincial forces and are known as **Pu Chung Hupeh Ti Yi Lu**, 1st Hupeh Brigade for the Supply of Deficiencies.\n\nAfter his departure, Fei Kuo-hsiang endeavoured to bring about a mutiny amongst his former troops but completely failed. Orders have been issued for his arrest, and an unconfirmed report is current that he was caught and shot about the beginning of September.\n\nDuring the critical period, Wang Mou-shang, commander-in-chief of the provincial forces at Ichang, resigned on the ground of alleged illness. His resignation was refused, but he finally left the port early in August for Wuchang, whence he apparently declines to return.\n\n## Shase\n\nThe arrest of Wu Kuang-hsin naturally disturbed the situation at Shase, where a brigade of his troops under Liu Wen-ming was stationed. For some time, the usual apprehensions that they would mutiny and loot the place were entertained, and in some degree realised; on being marched by General Liu to Kung An, near the Hunan border, with the intention apparently of joining forces with the Southerners at Changsha, the troops refused to fall in with their leader's plans, mutinied, and looted the place. They then returned to Shase, which again passed through a period of nervous tension, until it was finally agreed that they should be given 10 dollars each, disbanded, and sent back to their homes.\n\n## Yang-tze River Traffic\n\nTwo new vessels, or rather two old vessels with new names and under new command, commenced trading between here and Chungking—the \"Weihsin\" and the \"Kirin\"—in August.\n\nJunk traffic on the Yang-tze is still almost at a standstill owing to the political situation and the illegal taxation imposed by the Southern military authorities on the river.\n\nConsiderable quantities of opium have come down from Szechuan during the quarter. The larger proportion is probably brought overland surreptitiously to a village on the Yang-tze, opposite Ichang, whence it is smuggled over at night and placed on the Lower River steamers. The customs appear to be constantly detecting and confiscating sampans engaged in the traffic. Two large seizures were made towards the end of the quarter: one of 5 piculs (666 lb.) on the \"Hungfu\" and another of 29 piculs (approximately 1 ton) on the \"Robert Dollar.\"\n\nWhilst the Chinese authorities continue to permit the cultivation of opium and will not enforce their own laws with a view to putting the trade in it down, it is impossible for steamers to prevent its being carried on them, and unjust to penalise them, providing the foreign officers are not implicated.\n\n## Mukden\n\nIn spite of the leading part taken by General Chang Tso-lin in the recent conflict for political supremacy at Peking, it cannot be said that, except in official circles, any great interest has been shown locally in the events at the capital or in Chang Tso-lin's own doings, though his prestige has naturally been enhanced here as elsewhere in China by the success of his party and the prominence which he has gained.\n\nChang has been severely criticised in the British press at Tien-tsin by reason of certain statements showing a pro-Japanese tendency and anti-British and American bias, which he would appear to have made at an interview given on the 16th August to Japanese journalists. The criticism was quite undeserved, for it was natural that his interviewers, being Japanese, he should have spoken in as friendly a manner as possible of Japan. Experience has proved to His Majesty's consul-general that there is no nation more disliked and distrusted by General Chang Tso-lin than the Japanese, and that if he has a preference for any foreign nation, it is for the Americans, whom he regards as China's most likely allies in the struggle which, in his opinion, is bound to come in the future between China and Japan.\n\nSince the Governor's return to Mukden, he has been holding a series of conferences with the Governors of Kirin and Heilungchiang, and the chief military and chief civil officials of the province. The following matters were discussed:\n\n| No. | Matter Discussed |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | The separation of military and civil affairs. |\n| 2 | The reorganisation of the army. |\n| 3 | The improvement of the civil administration, more especially by the careful selection of district magistrates. |\n| 4 | The suppression of brigandage and maintenance of order throughout Manchuria. |\n| 5 | The reformation of the currency. |\n| 6 | The settlement in Manchuria of famine refugees from Chihli. |\n\nIt has further been decided to increase the army by four brigades and to make the armies of the three Manchurian provinces into a single organisation.\n\nFamine refugees from Chihli province have been well received and cared for in Manchuria, and preparations are being made at Mukden to deal with many hundreds more who are expected to arrive during October. Although no public subscription has yet been opened for them, General Chang appears to be fully alive to the need of doing all he can and is sparing no expense in the matter.\n\nAnti-Japanese feeling in Manchuria has been considerably aggravated by the Shaw case, though in other respects, the Japanese are showing themselves more conciliatory to foreigners and seem to be genuinely anxious to obtain British and American co-operation in developing the industries of the province.\n\n## Nanking\n\nDuring the first half of the September quarter, brigandage was worse in the north of the province than it has been since the summer of 1917. This is attributable in part to the return from the South of large numbers of dispersed Northern soldiery, who found it difficult after their military career to settle down to a peaceful agricultural life and preferred to make a living by robbing their neighbours.\n\nThe brigands have learned, moreover, to concentrate on the safer and more profitable business of kidnapping well-to-do people and holding them for ransom. Towards the end of July, a French priest and a prominent native agent of the Standard Oil Company were carried off but were released unconditionally after much trouble.\n\nIn southern Kiangsu and Kiangan, piracy has flourished; in the latter district, an official salt depot was raided by pirates who had made off with a good deal of booty. Elsewhere, sudden raids have been made on prosperous market towns; the pirates invariably escaping before any troops appeared on the scene.\n\nThe authorities are still on the look-out for Bolshevik propaganda; rumours in connection with which are constantly arising. Nervous as the officials appear to be, there are so far no visible effects among the mass of the population, who perhaps hardly constitute a favourable soil for the reception of such ideas. Native secret societies have, however, sprung up; the principal one being known as the **Ching-hung Hui**, or Green and Red Society, the main subject of which is said to be assassination.\n\nAs a result of his reduction of provincial expenditure, the Military Governor, General Li Shun, hoped to save 200,000 dollars on the financial year; a saving which includes reduction on the allowance of each district for administrative expenditure, against which the magistrates continue obstinately to protest.\n\nIn connection with women's education in Kiangsu, the first national school for girls has been founded in Yangchow. Schools of every description—elementary,\n\nPage 600\nPage 601", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 493291, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-477 - Public Offices - 1922", "page_number": 199, "title": "CO129-477 - Public Offices - 1922", "content_text": "HONGKONG Daily Express. 21/1/22\n\nPIRATE RAID LED BY WOMEN. BRITISH STEAMER PLUNDERED.\n\nHONGKONG. Monday, Nov. 20. The British steamer Sui-An, with a large number of European and Chinese passengers bound from Macao to Hongkong, was seized last night by a band of sixty-five pirates travelling as first and second-class passengers, under the leadership of Chinese women.\n\nThe pirates began their coup when the vessel was a few miles out of Macao by firing and intimidation. Officers and passengers were all huddled together into the saloons and cabins, where they were confined throughout the night without food or sleep.\n\nROBBED AND SHOT. They were all robbed of their valuables at the point of the revolver, and some who showed resistance were shot.\n\nAfter robbing the passengers the pirates turned their attention to the safes, which they rifled of several hundred pounds in freight, the vessel ransacked from stem to stern.\n\nThe officers and European passengers were then compelled to steer the ship to Bias Bay, passing a few miles to the south of Hongkong with lights extinguished at 6.30 this morning.\n\nThe pirates commandeered junks and sampans and escaped with their booty. The woman leader and three members of the gang were wounded.\n\nThe Sui-An arrived at Hongkong to-day, and the wounded were at once taken to hospital.-Reuter.\n\nThe Sui-Ao, a steamer of 1,245 tons, is owned by the Hongkong, Canton, and Macao Steamboat Co. Ltd.\n\n199\n\n5825.\n\n21/11\n\nTN", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-477 - Public Offices - 1922.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 505246, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926", "page_number": 512, "title": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926", "content_text": "508\n\n28\n\nMorphia: 26 parcels of which the weight is not given, and $3,000 worth of a new brand of morphia pills.\n\nHeroin: 81 ounces and 8 parcels of heroin composition. Chintan pills: 672 ounces by weight, 275 tins of various size containing from a few hundred to several thousand pills each. Also several bags of pills, each commonly containing 10,000 pills.\n\nThe Branch in making this report states that arrests were made in connection with 113 seizures, but entirely amongst the poorer classes, none amongst the rich. The well-known \"King of Opium and White Pills\", who in last year's report was mentioned as deriving a yearly profit of $400,000 from the traffic, has not been arrested.\n\nBesides the above, quantities of cocaine, caffeine, quinine, and milk sugar, which are used in combination with morphia and heroin, were seized. The amount of opium seized was small, only about 400 pounds.\n\nJapanese Dangerous Drugs Regulations at Tsinanfu\n\nOn April 5, 1926, the Japanese Consul-General at Tsinan promulgated regulations similar to the British Dangerous Drugs Act and The King's Regulation governing British subjects in China. The fact that this action has been taken in Tsinanfu is definite confirmation of the long-known participation of Japanese subjects in the narcotic drugs traffic. Under these regulations, all Japanese druggists must be registered, and specially licensed for dealing in narcotics and poisonous drugs: these drugs shall not be sold or given away except for scientific, medical, and industrial purposes, and then only on application in writing for the specific use for which they are required. The druggist must keep a register of all sales of narcotics which must be preserved for inspection.\n\nPenalties for infringement are suspension of business, withdrawal of permit, and in the case of criminal action, penalties, detention, or fine.\n\nThe only defect of this regulation is the absence of any governing control of importation. It is hoped that the laws of Japan will be applied for this purpose.\n\nNorth Shantung. No poppy; opium traffic not extensive; pills plentiful. Tehsien. General use of opium, particularly amongst men of influence and leadership. It is impossible to inaugurate any public movement against opium for the leading men are smokers.\n\nSHENSI\n\nWe greatly regret that detailed reports from Shensi are not available. Three general foreign reports have however been received, each revealing the general impression as expressed by Chinese workers, that the 1925-26 season shows no diminution in poppy planting, but rather the reverse. The season has been an exceedingly dry one, so that the opium produced may not be as much despite the wider cultivation.\n\nThe province has been torn by civil war for months past, missionaries have been obliged either to leave their work or remain within their city walls, and itineration has been impossible. One correspondent states, \"We are now in the 6th week of intermittent bombardment and fighting is going on all round us\".\n\n29\n\nAnother writes that the cities are so filled with refugees that whatever the opium or wheat crop may be, much will be lost for want of farm labourers.\n\nIn the 1924-25 season, the whole of Shensi was described as a vast poppy field. The glut of opium drove the price down to 35 cents an ounce.\n\nThe opium revenue was exceptionally large, and military taxation on opium land was almost the highest in China, varying from $12 to $18 a mou. In West Shensi, at Tienwa, She Hsien, Hsingping, Wukung, etc., which are described as \"fat lands\", opium cultivation in the previous season was estimated at over $10,000,000. Military authorities controlled opium export and, under military escort, conducted transactions with neighbouring provinces. Shensi opium reaches all parts of North China.\n\nIf the general impression be true that the planting of 1925-26 exceeded the previous year, then Shensi can still be classified with Yunnan and Szechuan as one of the three largest opium-producing provinces in China.\n\nWest Shensi, Lung Chow. A rough estimate of poppy sown will not come below 10,000 mou. The market is full of opium which sells at $1.50 an ounce. Opium taxes in this district in 1925 amounted to $600,000. This season, the tax is levied on the titing bosses, who have to make it from the farmers. Taxes are so heavy that the people are robbing in all directions to meet the demands.\n\nWe have just come through an opium war between the 2nd National Army and the Kansu troops for the possession of opium taxes and revenue. Opium smoking is prevalent everywhere.\n\nSZECHUAN\n\nSzechuan for several years has been competing with Yunnan for the position of the premier opium province. Our reports this year from Szechuan are so much more complete than those from the other two provinces that it is easy to believe that Szechuan has gained the lead.\n\nSzechuan, by reason of her Great River, has facilities for export which the other provinces do not possess, hence her opium finds its way all over China. Opium taxes have increased owing to the necessity of supporting big local armies, which fight as much for opium and its taxes as for the possession of various sections of the province.\n\nEast Szechuan,\n\nWanhsien District. No opium grown for 16 years. In 1925, the military ordered cultivation, but the head man of each chia refused and paid in consequence the \"lazy tax\". Each hsiang had to pay $1,000. Thus Wanhsien raised $50,000 by \"lazy tax\". Opium is plentiful. The registered and taxed opium dens for this district are not less than 800.\n\nMuch opium passes through Wanhsien from the inland cities and river ports. Military convoys of 50 coolies, each coolie carrying about 80 catties, pass through about twice a week. In the year, not less than 100 tons come into the city, besides that which is distributed by steamers.\n\nOpium Prohibition Bureaux are placed at each gate to the city, and all opium is fined, in other words, taxed.\n\nKuihsien District. Opium and poppy growing conditions are simply appalling. I have just returned from travelling 19 days through this...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 505492, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926", "page_number": 214, "title": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926", "content_text": "237\n\n; \n\nIA.. \n\nDiador \n\nDAOT \n\n100 \n\n302 C \n\n2 \n\nVIS.its and to Leaogail and Js un \n\nmenu even bloer stolt qui \n\nant qui de ani. \n\nA \n\nai \n\nJ \n\n.(-) \n\n.M \n\nIduqe 1 \n\ntiraf \n\nF \n\nE- \n\nZa \n\nDY \n\nG \n\nerid to tranŽUOLI \n\nJa combuflli Laul Mcg \n\nwiato bo molto \n\nwake* \n\nbevollst \n\neisla :,;. \n\n窗 \n\n[ 18- \n\nBILJEN KÄIM na \n\nberu \n\n: \n\nlo form \n\n1:1 \n\n4. \n\n211 \n\nThe Island of Shameen has for six months been entirely boycotted and the residents have had to put up with much discomfort and inconvenience. Hong Kong quickly overcame the immediate difficulties of a domestic strike and expelled from the Colony all strikers who would not return to duty, but it is still languishing under a commercial boycott. Canton will not receive or despatch any vessel which makes Hong Kong a port of call, nor will it accept any merchandise which has been transhipped at Hong Kong. As the colony possesses no industries of its own and is merely a dumping-ground for cargo bound to and from South China, the total cessation of business relations with Canton is robbing it of its very means of subsistence.\n\nAn effort was recently made to come to some sort of an agreement but proved unsuccessful. Previously the main obstacle to negotiations was the extravagant political demands made by the Strike Committee, but towards the end of December the National Government, in conference with the Colonial Secretary, who visited Canton in order to arrive at a modus vivendi, agreed to shelve all political demands and to receive a delegation of Chinese merchants from Hong Kong which should discuss the possibility of a settlement on such lines they had no option but to return to Hong Kong forthwith.\n\n3. The failure of the negotiations had made it clear that the Canton administration is not sufficiently strong to override the wishes of the strikers' Committee and that both are influenced by the design of the Russians. The \"Canton Gazette\" has openly proclaimed that the issue is not economic but political and that the boycott must go on until more practical sympathy is extended to the demands of the Chinese nationalist party.\n\nIt must be intensely gratifying to the Bolshevist elements\n\n... no boril plaotary stintson \n\nat sat dosja notØT. 2 \n\nriftai elə? vaid Lauano uoTONJUNT \n\n95% of ton s no wood was a \n\nnai lee aætup \n\nIsistar boldiaca settima \n\naut mal to hoovestead læreiðill and lo andidonut \n\nvolt \n\nrade \n\nPeas.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 512802, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928", "page_number": 147, "title": "CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928", "content_text": "175\n\n60\n\nrobbing Salvador of her financial autonomy.\" But at length, through public need in Salvador and pressure on the part of the United States, the contract was signed on the centenary of the signing of the Monroe doctrine.\n\nThe situation in Nicaragua, lately much in the public eye, is the same as elsewhere in Latin America, with several flagrant features of its own.\n\nThe excuse of protecting our canal route concessions in Nicaragua is made the justification for controlling by force the internal affairs of that country, although no party or individual in Nicaragua has ever proposed to violate those concessions, and no sane man supposes that they could be violated by any Nicaraguan Government. Behind all this is a shadow of financial intrigue and imposition so shameful that American public opinion would instinctively repudiate our Nicaraguan policy if the facts were widely known. These facts are a matter of record in the Senate hearings on Nicaragua, 1914, and on foreign loans, 1927.\n\nInstances could be multiplied indefinitely; any well-informed American citizen is now aware that our present Latin American policy is frankly one of economic aggression involving political dictatorship. It is still covered by the name of the Monroe doctrine, but it has nothing in common with that doctrine as originally enunciated. In Costa Rica, Honduras and Guatemala, as well as in the countries already mentioned, the American financial protectorate is based on the same general methods. American banking and bonding interests, trading corporations, public utilities, hemp and timber concessions, represent the principal enterprises for which our Federal Government practices \"dollar diplomacy\" in Latin America. The State Department acts as commercial agency and diplomatic referee. The Navy Department furnishes and directs the United States marines to enforce the terms of the contract. The customs revenues of the various republics are the principal securities for American loans and investments, and the levying and collection of these funds are placed in the hands of agents either directly or indirectly responsible to the United States Government.\n\nBENEFITS TO LATIN AMERICA.\n\nI am well aware of certain material advantages which we have brought about in Latin America during the past 25 years; I can from personal observation testify to the good roads, the harbour improvements, the sanitary betterment, and the great work we have done in the elimination of preventable disease. But this is not the real question. If such things have not been achieved by the Latin American countries themselves, and if they have been bought at the price of liberty and freedom, they are not worth while, and will not endure.\n\nThe danger exists not only for Latin America but quite as clearly for our own institutions at home. Since when have we entertained the pernicious theory that we must lift all neighbouring countries to our own standards of life by military force and political control if need be? The moment that theory is actually accepted by the United States we shall have lost the cause for which the American Revolution was fought, and in whose name our Republic came into being as a nation. The country that denies freedom abroad has lost freedom at home.\n\nOld-fashioned as it may seem, I still believe in the principles of human liberty. I still believe that the only way for humanity to advance is for the different unit peoples all over the world to be left to govern themselves. I still believe that right and justice as between nations can not only be professed, but can actually be practised. I still believe in honest diplomacy, in doing what you promise, in calling a spade a spade.\n\nIn the case of the Monroe doctrine we must do one of two things. Either we must abandon the idealism of the Monroe doctrine altogether, acknowledging frankly what our acts are in Latin America and accepting the consequences both at home and abroad, or we must revive the idealism of the Monroe doctrine, cleave to it in deeds as in words, and make our acts square with our professions.\n\nIt is a moral issue of first proportions. But moral issues work themselves out in practical results.\n\nThe question before us is: Can we afford, in dollars and cents, to pursue our present policy in Latin America much longer? Has \"dollar diplomacy\" really paid, in terms of national gain? It undoubtedly has paid well for a few interests and individuals. But does all this actually pay to the general commercial enterprise of the nation?\n\nThe following statistics for 1925 and 1926 are taken from the monthly summary of the Department of Commerce for the year ended December, 1926:-\n\nUnited States Exports to\n\n \n Calendar Year.\n 1925.\n 1926.\n Change (per cent.).\n \n \n Mexico\n $144,720,323\n $134,994,164\n -7\n \n \n Costa Rica\n $6,800,819\n $6,312,416\n -7\n \n \n Honduras\n $9,569,937\n $7,540,286\n -21\n \n \n Nicaragua\n $7,434,539\n $6,264,272\n -15\n \n \n Salvador\n $9,193,916\n $9,556,521\n 4\n \n \n Cuba\n $198,655,032\n $160,487,680\n -19\n \n \n Dominican Republic\n $17,763,577\n $13,711,585\n -22\n \n \n Haitian Republic\n $14,572,376\n $10,857,427\n -25\n \n \n Total\n $407,849,726\n $350,585,142\n -14\n \n\n4\n\n61\n\nThus, granting that the activities of the State Department and the employment of the United States marines have brought profits to perhaps a score of our leading industrial and financial interests, what is the gain to the general business of the country, to the merchants, manufacturers, and farmers, who have to work without the special services of the Federal Government in their behalf? Their lot seems to be to bear in taxation a share of the expense of a policy which benefits only a privileged few, a policy which netted a loss in trade of $57,200,000 to the nation, or 14 per cent. of our total exports to eight of our sister Latin American Republics in the calendar year just closed. These are serious figures. When an export trade shrinks at the rate of 14 per cent. a year, something is radically wrong with the policy which controls it. It is time to face the question in all candour. Are we not \"killing the goose that lays the golden egg\" in Latin America?\n\nPage 4\n\n61", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 512929, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928", "page_number": 274, "title": "CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928", "content_text": "304\n\nthey wished, and experience has shown that the Canton police can be very efficient where the interests of the Government are concerned. They would doubtless welcome the admission that they were entitled to function on British ships, and would forthwith place a few men on each vessel, who would loll about and do nothing, but if a proper squad of searchers were to be provided daily for each ship, special payment would undoubtedly be demanded, just as some of the British companies already pay for special wharf police. The fact that a number of Chinese passengers would incidentally be saved from pirates is not, I am afraid, an argument that would appeal to the local police authorities.\n\n6. So far as Canton itself is concerned, I do not think that the necessity for extraordinary measures to deal with piracy has yet arisen. The river steamers all leave at the same time and travel more or less together for mutual protection. The British ships are fitted with grilles and carry armed guards, and most of them have wireless. The run is a short one, about seven hours. If a ship were overdue, suspicions would immediately be aroused and there are always warships fairly near. I do not say that a piracy would be impossible, but it would be very risky, and, in fact, none has occurred on any of the Hong Kong-Canton river steamers for many years.\n\n7. The British coasting vessels coming to Canton are confined to the ships belonging to Jardine, Matheson and Co. (Limited) and Messrs. Butterfield and Swire. The former company's vessels take no passengers from Canton, and therefore the question of search does not arise in their case. Messrs. Butterfield and Swire do take a certain number of Chinese passengers, and I enclose a memorandum by the local representatives describing the precautions taken. The company's agent and the shipmasters, whom I have interrogated, consider that there is very little likelihood of pirates embarking in Canton, and that the precautions already taken are sufficient. Their reasons are that all their ships go straight from here to Hong Kong, where the vessels are thoroughly searched by the Hong Kong police. The passengers taken from Canton in their ships are of the poorer class of Chinese, who travel on deck and are not worth robbing or taking for ransom. Wealthy Chinese invariably take a river steamer to Hong Kong and tranship there for their ultimate destination. Cargoes taken from Canton consist of fruit, palm-leaf fans, and other commodities of little value from a pirate's point of view. The valuable cargoes, like silk, are also sent by river steamers to Hong Kong for transhipment abroad. Moreover, as in the case of the river steamers, the shortness of the run between Canton and Hong Kong would make a piracy between the two ports a hazardous proceeding.\n\n8. Apart from the above two classes of ships, there are a number of small river steamers and launches plying between Hong Kong and Wuchow, which call at river ports in the delta other than Canton. These are often molested by the various pirate gangs operating in the inland waterways of this province. They sometimes pay toll for protection, and sometimes they are attacked either from without by pirate launches, or from within by pirates disguised as passengers. The piracy of the steamship \"Kochow,\" described in my despatch No. 154 of the 6th September, is an example of the latter method, while the report contained in my despatch No. 192 of the 17th November is typical of the former. These vessels, however, touch at ports of call where the Maritime Customs do not function and where the Chinese authorities are not yet sufficiently organised or competent to afford proper protection, and I am afraid it would be useless to take up the question of searching in their case.\n\n9. The British West River flotilla, consisting of five gunboats and three armed launches, renders valuable service in patrolling these waters, but it is practically alone in this work. Although the French and Americans have two gunboats each, and the Japanese one, these Powers do little or nothing to assist in anti-piracy measures, their vessels remaining for the most part in Canton except when they are at Hong Kong. It would be a good thing if they could be induced to provide more ships of a suitable type and co-operate with us in a regular patrol of the delta, but as they have but little direct interest in the inland waters trade, I presume they would be reluctant to incur the expense involved. For the rest, so far as inland piracy is concerned, there is nothing to do but wait until the provincial Government is again in a position to turn its attention to this curse, which has afflicted the people of South China in greater or less degree from time immemorial.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. F. BRENAN.\n\nEnclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum on the Searching of Chinese Passengers for Arms.\n\nLOCAL procedure bearing on the searching of passengers is framed with a view to what is possible in the varying circumstances in which work is carried on and the necessity of protecting the persons of Customs employees from the consequences of grave bodily harm at a time when people are more prone to rioting and more difficult to control than they ever were before; a recent case when a Customs employee was arrested and badly mauled by those who had no right to effect arrest serves as a reminder that the turbulence of a noisy crowd of passengers cannot be depended upon to content itself with noise and bluster only—justifies me in submitting that at Canton all is being done in connexion with the searching of passengers that is desirable and practicable. The proportion of passengers generally who are searched for arms is, of course, short of what it might be if a larger staff were available, but the results achieved have not been inconsiderable when the effort which it has been found possible to direct into this channel is taken into consideration.\n\nThe proportion of piracies to the number of steamers on the high seas in this part of the world cannot be said to be decreasing; on the other hand, indignation over these constant occurrences has most certainly been steadily growing. There would, however, appear to be nothing mysterious about these piratical attacks, which to a great extent may be held to be the unmistakable effect of one ordinary cause, i.e., failure to effect vigorous search of all passengers before they are allowed to embark, and it is obviously in the highest interest of both Hong Kong and Canton that the authorities on both sides should come into line and co-operate to check these outrages which have been such a fruitful source of damage in the past. It may be objected that the proposal to search all passengers before embarking, although a sound ideal, is beset with so many difficulties as to be beyond the reach of attainment, but at a time when all concerned are confronted with a situation of so much gravity, the difficulties of carrying the suggestion into practice would not seem to be any reason for discarding the ideal.\n\nIt seems to me that the utilisation of the local police machine for the purpose of searching passengers before they are allowed to embark and come under Customs control, or even on wharves and jetties, would be an invaluable contribution to the work now done by Customs searching parties and that assistance of this kind might exercise a restraining influence over those who are out for plunder. The existence of extra-territoriality may, perhaps, make it difficult for the foreign consuls to accept help from the local police authorities on foreign-owned property for fear lest help thus given should violate the principles underlying the rights of their nationals, yet the situation is so hopeless without immediate resort to steps of the most drastic and most comprehensive kind that, unless both sides should be willing to accept responsibility to the fullest extent, the results achieved would be likely to be of a somewhat negative kind. Any decisions which might be reached by the representatives of the British and Chinese Governments would, of course, not bind other foreign Governments, unless these subsequently decided to come into line.\n\nI may add that the Inspector-General will not be bound by any views expressed by a port commissioner.\n\nR. F. C. HEDGELAND.\n\nCommissioner of Customs.\n\nCustom House, Canton, November 17, 1927.\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum respecting Chinese Passengers Embarking on C.N. Co. Coast Steamers at Pak Hin Hok Wharf.\n\nPROCEDURE is for a shroff on the staff of the ship's compradore to visit boarding and lodging-houses on vessel's arrival to collect passengers. Passengers are provided with \"guarantees\" by the boarding-houses, and are escorted to the ship by the boarding-house runner and the steamer compradore's shroff. The number of passengers travelling varies from thirty or forty to as many as 100.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 517344, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-513-8 Attacks by Chinese pirates on shipping- awards for bravery 14-1-1929 - 21-12-1929", "page_number": 20, "title": "CO129-513-8 Attacks by Chinese pirates on shipping- awards for bravery 14-1-1929 - 21-12-1929", "content_text": "# TIMES\n## 12.12.29\n### 23.\n\n(Extract from Report of Speech of word huchcape at General sheeting of P.00. Steam Nawig = \n\n**CHINESE PIRACY**\n\nAs I have said, the trade with China has been seriously interfered with by the continuance of civil and Bolshevist war in that country, and it is wonderful how the British and Chinese mercantile community, acting in a friendly way together as they have always done, have been able to carry on.\n\nBut the days of piracy in the China seas are by no means ended, judging from a letter I received the other day from Hong-kong, which I will venture to read to you:\n\n\"After an interval of many months the activities of South China pirates have been resumed with an attack, which met with the usual success, on a Japanese steamer, Deli Maru, belonging to the Osaka Shosen Kaisha.\n\n\"The vessel was on a voyage from Takao, Formosa, to Hong-kong with nine Japanese officers, 62 Chinese crew, two first-class passengers, and 124 Chinese deck passengers, mostly emigrants returning home from Formosa. She called at Swatow on September 20, where the pirates are said to have embarked in the guise of passengers, and in the early hours of the following morning the Indian guards on duty were shot down without warning and the officers and wireless operator held up with automatic pistols. After robbing the passengers and officers of money and jewellery said to value altogether about $18,000, the captain was ordered to navigate the ship to Hong-hai Bay, which is close to Bias Bay, the usual pirate rendezvous, where the gang landed in the ship's boats, taking with them four of the passengers to be held for ransom.\n\nThe cargo was not touched.\n\n\"The Japanese Consul-General reported the incident to his Government, but whether anything in the nature of reprisals is contemplated is not known.”\n\n## ATTEMPTS ON BRITISH SHIPPING\n\nThe attack seems to have been a forerunner of renewed attempts on British shipping in those waters, judging by a report in the papers yesterday, but it will perhaps serve as a salutary reminder that none of the present precautions can safely be relaxed, and I trust the occurrence may result in a change of attitude on the part of the British authorities who announced in April of this year that the provision of naval and military guards would cease on April 1, 1930.\n\nMy correspondent adds that a curious feature of the affair was that the pirates were led by a nice-looking young woman about 20 years of age. I wonder if the lady, in some way or other, was a descendant of my reputed ancestor, Ralph the Rover, who sank the bell on the Inchcape rock ? (Laughter.)\n\nNawig & Co. 11.12.29\n\nMr Sent \n20 \n? Alt to H.K. \nChina Piracy H \nCR \nyer Min \npat \nja? \n12/12/29 \n14 an\n\nPage 20 \nPage 21", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-513-8 Attacks by Chinese pirates on shipping- awards for bravery 14-1-1929 - 21-12-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 518244, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-515-1 Piracy- legal proceedings arising from sinking of S.S. 'IRENE' 18-1-1929 - 6-9-1929", "page_number": 27, "title": "CO129-515-1 Piracy- legal proceedings arising from sinking of S.S. 'IRENE' 18-1-1929 - 6-9-1929", "content_text": "entitled to take action with a view to releasing \nthe ship from the miscreants who have taken \npossession of her and bringing them to trial) \nis one which I cannot think can really commend \nitself to Your Excellency. The argument appears \nto be that the action of overpowering the officers, \nseizing the vessel and subsequently looting her \nand robbing her passengers does not amount to \npiracy jure gentium, though if the pirates were \nto make use of the captured ship in order to \nenable them to attack another vessel this would \nindisputably do so. The only authority cited \nin support of this proposition, apart from \ncertain \"eminent jurists\" who are neither \nnamed nor quoted, is the Committee of Experts \nof the League of Nations for the Progressive \nCodification of International Law, and I wish \nto make it plain at once that that distinguished \nbody cannot be quoted in support of any such \nthesis. In their report, dated January 29th, \n1926 the Committee of Experts communicated to the \nLeague", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-515-1 Piracy- legal proceedings arising from sinking of S.S. 'IRENE' 18-1-1929 - 6-9-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 518284, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-515-1 Piracy- legal proceedings arising from sinking of S.S. 'IRENE' 18-1-1929 - 6-9-1929", "page_number": 67, "title": "CO129-515-1 Piracy- legal proceedings arising from sinking of S.S. 'IRENE' 18-1-1929 - 6-9-1929", "content_text": "entitled to take action with a view to releasing her from the miscreants who have taken possession of her and bringing them to trial) is one which I cannot think can really commend itself to Your Excellency. The argument appears to be that the action of overpowering the officers, seizing the vessel and subsequently looting her and robbing her passengers does not amount to piracy jure gentium, though if the pirates were to make use of the captured ship in order to enable them to attack another vessel this would indisputably be so. The only authority cited in support of this proposition, apart from certain \"eminent jurists\" who are neither named nor noted, is the Committee of Experts of the League of Nations for the Progressive Codification of International Law, and I wish to make it plain at once that that distinguished body cannot be quoted in support of any such thesis. In their report, dated January 29th, 1926, the Committee of Experts communicated to the League", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-515-1 Piracy- legal proceedings arising from sinking of S.S. 'IRENE' 18-1-1929 - 6-9-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529188, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-532-6 Anti-piracy guards 2-1-1931 - 26-8-1931", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-532-6 Anti-piracy guards 2-1-1931 - 26-8-1931", "content_text": "## SPECIAL ANTI-PIRACY QUANDS ON BRITISH STEAMERS\n\n**(Commodore Hongkong No.H.K.0260 of 22/5/31.)**\n\n-12\n\n3. In August, 1930, the Malayan Government reduced the quota of Chinese (male) emigrants. Shipping Companies having vessels employed in the Coolie trade were asked to give a monthly average of numbers carried during the previous three months. The Government cut down this average number by two thirds, which is now the authorised quota until further orders.\n\nIt is probable that the risk of piracy on the Hongkong-Singapore run is less than it was a year ago owing to the reduced numbers of deck passengers and to the fact that a large percentage of those carried on the return voyage are repatriated unemployed and, as such, not worth robbing.\n\n4. Opinions differ considerably as to the efficacy of the present Anti-piracy Guards. Certain ship's Officers are prejudiced against the whole system. The majority of Masters, however, say that the Russian N.C.O's are very good and that the rank and file are reasonably efficient and do not cause trouble.\n\nShipping Companies have issued comprehensive orders for guards while afloat, the more important items of routine being entered in the ship's log.\n\n5. The shipping Companies referred to above, having had to pay for their Military guards in 1930 (from 1st April till the new guards were ready), still nurse a feeling of resentment against the Home Government. Further, there is still a certain amount of friction between the Hongkong Police...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-532-6 Anti-piracy guards 2-1-1931 - 26-8-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 531642, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933", "page_number": 134, "title": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933", "content_text": "CATHAY HOTEL, Shanghai\n\nCABLE ADDR \"CATHOTEL\"\n\nE. CARRARD,\n\nGeneral Manager\n\n← NEWEST AND MOST\n\nMODERN HOTEL\n\nIN CHINA\n\n250 ROOMS AND SUITES EACH WITH PRIVATE BATHROOM\n\nCLASSICAL CONCERT\n\nIN THE\n\nGROUND FLOOR LOUNGE\n\n(EVERY MORNING & AFTERNOON)\n\nMR. J. ULLSTEIN'S\n\nCONCERT ORCHESTRA\n\n\"DINER DANSANT\" EVERY EVENING\n\nIN THE\n\nBALL ROOM\n\n(8TH FLOOR)\n\nHENRY NATHAN'S\n\nDANCE ORCHESTRA\n\nWITH ADDED\n\nENTERTAINMENT PROGRAMME\n\nGRILL ROOM\n\n(9TH FLOOR)\n\nAN IDEAL RENDEZVOUS\n\nFOR\n\nLUNCHEON AND DINNER\n\nTeeth like pearls\n\nHER perfect teeth are indeed a precious\n\npossession. They mean so much to her-\n\nin appearance-in freedom from dental troubles-- in health both now and in the years to come.\n\nAnd she owes her strong, healthy teeth very largely to \"Ovaltine\" Rusks. When the first tiny teeth were coming through Mother gave her \"Ovaltine\" Rusks to chew. The exercise given to the baby jaws and teeth made possible the forma-tion of a flawless second set.\n\n\"Ovaltine\" Rusks are delightfully crisp, yet break up easily in the mouth. They are made of pure, unbleached wheat flour. The addition of \"Ovaltine\" makes them delicious in taste, easy to digest and most nutritious.\n\nREISS, MASSEY & CO., LTD. Agents for\n\n'OVALTINE\n\nPusks\n\nPRETISING D CLSTIVE/\n\nNOUR SHING\n\nenentore\n\n(Regd.)\n\nA.P.B. 64\n\nTHE PIONEER and WORLD-FAMED\n\nCOLOUR POWDERS\n\nFOR TINTING\n\nCEMENT, CONCRETE\n\nPATENT FLOORING, DECORATION, ETC.\n\nAPPLY\n\nDODWELL & CO. TEL. 28021.\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1931.\n\nGENEVA ANXIETY.\n\nALARM LEST COUNCIL SHOULD ABDICATE.\n\nPROBLEM OF MANCHURIA STILL CAUSING GRAVE CONCERN.\n\nJAPAN'S REPLY SENT.\n\nThe atmosphere at Geneva is reported to have become exceedingly tense, as Japan's reply on the latest issues raised has caused \"a painful impression.\"\n\nFurther bombing by Japanese aeroplanes, with railways as the objective, is reported from Manchuria.\n\nAnxiety amounting to alarm is felt lest the League Council carry out its intention virtually to abdicate over the Manchurian dispute.\n\nThe Chinese still maintain their viewpoint that the Japanese must withdraw their troops to the railway zone and agree to indemnify Chinese losses before negotiations can be commenced.\n\nThere is a growing belief in League circles, however, that the Council's committee is weakening in its treatment of the difficulty and is inclined to advise the Chinese to abandon their conditions.\n\nThis policy has produced very deplorable effects in League circles. If persisted in it is feared will have very disastrous effects on the coming disarmament conference and the League itself, which is facing the most serious crisis it has ever experienced.\n\nPAINFUL IMPRESSION.\n\nLondon, Oct. 22.\n\nM. Briand, with a very grave face, descended the stairs first, alone, on the way to his hotel, where he will receive Mr. Yoshizawa.\n\nThe anxiety, almost alarm, felt lest the Council carry out its intention virtually to abdicate over the Manchurian dispute is reflected in the comment of the London morning papers.\n\nHe told Reuter.—\"We are not through the wood yet.\"\n\nOther members of the committee were equally preoccupied, and the atmosphere is tense almost to breaking point. The Japanese reply has evidently created a very painful impression.\n\nThe News-Chronicle appeals to M. Briand and Lord Reading to remain at Geneva to avert the threatened calamity to the League. --Reuter.\n\nTENSION INCREASED.\n\nGravity of Position Owing to Japan's Attitude.\n\nNOT OUT OF THE WOOD.\n\nGeneva, Oct. 22.\n\nDramatic Development. There was a sudden dramatic development in the situation as the result of Mr. Yoshizawa's visit to M. Briand, which lasted exactly twenty-five minutes.\n\nOn leaving, Mr. Yoshizawa told Reuter that the reply from Tokyo was incomplete, and some sections of the communication had still to be received. He might therefore consider it advisable to ask for an adjournment.\n\nThe committee of five is now meeting to consider it.\n\nThe reply arrived in the small hours of the morning, and the staff of the delegation stayed up all night long decoding it.\n\nThe final form of the resolution which will be presented at a full sitting of the Council proving difficult to find, the conversations continued until a late hour last night, in which the Secretary General of the League participated. Various modifications, it is believed, were suggested.\n\nHe then returned to his hotel to consult his colleagues.\n\nOn arriving for an interview at 11.55 Mr. Yoshizawa had told Reuter that the Japanese reply was \"a little reassuring.\"-Reuter.\n\nJAPANESE ACTION.\n\nStrengthening Defences in Manchuria.\n\nIt is rumoured that the Japanese reply to M. Briand's proposals on behalf of the Council is not altogether satisfactory.\n\nThe Chinese attitude is unchanged. Dr. Sze maintains the viewpoint of the Nanking Government that the Japanese must withdraw their troops to the railway zone and agree to pay an indemnity for Chinese losses as a result of the occupation, the amount of which shall be settled later, before commencing direct negotiations with Japan.\n\nSerious Alarm.\n\nA very serious view is taken of the situation in League circles this evening. It is alleged that the Council's committee is weakening in its treatment of the difficulty and it is said the committee is inclined to advise the Chinese to abandon their conditions for direct negotiations, namely the previous withdrawal of the Japanese troops and the presence of neutrals to supervise the evacuation, and thus seemingly leave the Japanese to treat with the Chinese Government under the pressure of a military occupation.\n\nThis feeling has produced very deplorable effects in League circles and it is feared that this policy if persisted in will have a very disastrous effect on the coming disarmament conference and the League itself, which is facing the most serious crisis it has ever experienced.\n\nGeneva Hopes.\n\nAs both the chamber and the temple are in Chinese territory, the Shanghai Municipal Police have not intervened, but are watching both buildings. Should any of the detained men be brought onto a road, police action would follow.\n\n\"The Chinese Government sincerely hopes that active efforts, now in progress at Geneva to arrive at a settlement of the present case in the interests of justice and peace, will soon be crowned with success, which will be conducive to the well-being, not only of China, but of the whole world.\n\nCoolie Robs Japanese.\n\nA Shanghai ricksha coolie burning with the twin urges of patriotism and desire for the better things of this world killed two birds with one stone by attacking and robbing Mr. Bunro Ando, secretary to Mr. Yusuke Tsurumi, Japanese delegate to the Institute of Pacific Relations.\n\nAs Mr. Ando was returning to his hotel during mid-morning, he was pulled into an alleyway near Honan Road where the coolie first administered a beating and then relieved his victim of Yen 56 and $200 in Chinese currency. Despite his bruises, Mr. Ando was able to make his way back to his hotel and inform the police of the incident.\n\nRight of Boycott.\n\nReferring to the boycott in the course of its Memorandum in reply to the Japanese Memorandum of Oct. 9, the Chinese Government, according to the Sino News Service, makes the following declaration:\n\n\"It must therefore be matter of surprise to the world that popular indignation in China has limited itself to the mere refusal to purchase Japanese goods. The freedom to choose one's purchases is an individual right with which no government interferes, and, while it is the duty of every government to protect foreign nationals, it is bound neither by any recognized standard of governance nor by any principle of International Law to prohibit or punish the exercise of an elemental right of citizenship. If there be any responsibility in the matter, it entirely lies with the Japanese Government, which has, by many acts of unfriendliness since the Wanpaoshan incident, created this general prejudice against Japanese merchandise.\n\nCHINA UNITY.\n\nNanking and South To-\n\nManchuria.\n\ngether on\n\nSPECIAL COMMITTEE.\n\nRecent Disturbance.\n\nA Chinese taken into custody on Saturday, October 10, for throwing a stone at a police officer during the disturbance in Yangtze-poo district, when arraigned before the Special District Court received sentence of six months' imprisonment.\n\nMANCHURIAN WAR.\n\nIndependent Movement\n\nDefeated.\n\nRUSSIAN DANGER.\n\nPeking, Oct. 22. Retreating with several thousands of his followers, the Manchu independent leader, Chang Hai-peng, is falling back from Taonan to Hailar, near the Sino-Russian frontier.\n\nThe Heilungkiang Provincial Government has sent envoys to the independent armies advising the opposing troops not to proceed to Hailar, as proximity to Russian territory may lead to further Sino-Russian complications.\n\nShanghai, Oct. 22.\n\nThe impression in French circles here this morning was more favourable than it was earlier.\n\nTokyo, Oct. 22.\n\nIt is learned that the Japanese War Office has decided to despatch additional machine-guns and infantry guns to Manchuria, for the purpose of increasing the defensive power, as the Government is averse to increasing the number of troops.-Reuter.\n\nMR. CHU CHAO-HSIN.\n\nAn Appointment by the Nanking Government.\n\nA telegram announcing the appointment of Mr. Chu Chao-hsin, former Chinese Minister to Italy and vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Nanking Government, as one of the commissioners to serve on the Special Committee elected by the Nanking Government to administer foreign affairs and the Manchurian negotiations has been despatched from the Nanking Central Political Council to a prominent Hongkong Chinese merchant, asking him to convey this message of appointment to Mr. Chu Chao-hsin, who was in Hongkong yesterday.\n\nFAITH IN LEAGUE.\n\nPeking, Oct. 22.\n\nAlthough the resolution will provide for an adjournment of the Council for three weeks, it is believed a proviso will be added to the effect that the Council still considers itself in permanent session in order that they could be again summoned urgently, should the situation warrant.\n\nAnother Chinese telegram to headquarters states that Japanese aeroplanes dropped six bombs yesterday near Tahsing, on the Taonan-Angangchi railway, but the damage has not to be ascertained.-Reuter.\n\nExcitement was at fever heat here this morning, as it is felt that some definite development must result from to-day's deliberations. It was decided at the last minute that the meeting of the committee of five should be held at the Secretariat, where it has now continued for already three quarters of an hour.\n\nGENEVA DELAY.\n\nWeakening.\n\n\"DEPLORABLE EFFECTS.\"\n\nMr. Yoshizawa has an appointment with M. Briand at 11.30.\n\npresumably to hand him officially the text the Japanese reply.\n\nGRAVE DEVELOPMENT.\n\nJapanese Reply Considered Unsatisfactory.\n\nLater.\n\nThe Council considers\n\nChina's Reply to Powers Identic Notes.\n\nPOLICY OF PEACE.\n\nNanking, Oct. 21.\n\nThe Waichiaopu despatched to day the following communication to the French, British, German, Norwegian, Jugo-Slavian, Italian, and Polish Governments in reply to their identic notes calling attention of both China and Japan to their obligations under the Kellogg Pact:\n\n\"The Chinese Government feels to her legal as well as moral duty toward human civilization.\n\nThe acting Chairman of the Heilungkiang Provincial Government who was responsible for the defeat of the Independents near Taonan, has telegraphed to Marshal Chang Hsueh-liang suggesting that the Nanking Foreign Office should lodge a strong protest against the supply of foreign arms and ammunition from one of Manchuria's foreign neighbours to the Independents under Chang Hai-peng.\n\nCommander Ma's telegram says that without the foreign imported arms and ammunition there would have been no independent movement. He declares that the movement was deliberately created to harm the prestige of the Central Government in her foreign relations.\n\nYOUNG MARSHAL.\n\nStill Intends to Return to Mukden.\n\nLUGGAGE MYSTERY.\n\nPeking, Oct. 21. It is understood that Mr. Chu Chao-hsin will be leaving for Shanghai on the Empress of Russia this morning.\n\nFour hundred and seventeen effects-cases of household furniture and personal belongings Marshal Chang Hsueh-liang and his family, have arrived at Tongku from Dairen.\n\nTen\n\nTHE BOYCOTT.\n\nMerchants Held in Shanghai Temple.\n\nONE PAYS $10,000 FINE.\n\nShanghai, Oct. 12.\n\nThe anti-Japanese boycott committee over the week-end resumed its activities against merchants supposed to be dealing in Japanese goods.\n\nDuring the last few days merchants held in the temple have been released on \"fines.\" One was $10,000. The usual amount demanded is $5,000.\n\nThe merchants are given a preliminary trial in the office of the General Chamber of Commerce, which adjoins the temple, before being confined in the latter building. In all cases the self-appointed tribunal has found them guilty of dealing in Nipponese goods and have been threatened with the destruction of their business if the fines inflicted are not paid.\n\nProtests to the authorities of Greater Shanghai have failed to bring any relief to the merchants, and in some cases the relatives of the men detained have refused to give information under fear of reprisals.\n\nJAPANESE OPTIMISM.\n\nContrasting with the pessimism prevailing at Geneva, Reuter was informed this evening that a more optimistic view prevails at the Japanese Embassy in London in regard to the Sino-Japanese dispute.\n\nIt was said there that there seems to be every sign of a settlement as both sides appear to have made up their minds to bring about an arrangement. Everyone, it was added, seems to be doing his best with this object in view.\n\nMomentous Meeting.\n\nLater.\n\nIt was then the general opinion that the Council would take a strong line.\n\nThe resolution to be submitted at to-morrow's meeting will urge Japan and China to find a mutual settlement of their difficulties within a period which will, most probably, be indicated by some date set for the next meeting of the Council, which, it is understood, will be about the middle of November.\n\nAwaiting Japan's Reply.\n\nLater.\n\nDespite the decisions taken to night by the Committee of Five-which have caused so much adverse comment it appears that everything to a certain extent will be subordinated to the Japanese Reply, which has not yet been received.\n\nThe tone of the Reply will directly influence the wording of the resolution to be submitted to the Council.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 531698, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933", "page_number": 190, "title": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933", "content_text": "22 P \n\n- 21 - \n\nclass; this has been found unsatisfactory.\n\nShould the financial position be improved twelve months hence, the question of a further increase in the grants will be considered. It is proposed to discontinue next year the payment of grants for children in grant-in-aid schools who take the local University Examinations. This is not a case of robbing Peter to pay Paul, for whereas the increase in capitation grants is $45,000, the reduction in University grants is $10,000 only. This policy of increasing the assistance given to non-Government schools is also extended to the elementary vernacular schools, the subsidies for which are increased from $80,000 to $100,000.\n\nThis is in accordance with the recommendation of the Committee on Technical Education, whose report will shortly be published. The next matter to which I wish to draw attention in dealing with the Education Department is the provision that is made for the Junior Technical School: on page 72, $5,000 for furniture and equipment; on page 73, headmaster, carpentry instructor, and teacher of building construction; and on page 74, two University Trained Teachers.\n\nIt will not be possible to open the school until the latter half of next year; staff salaries are therefore provided for six months only. The school, as Hon. Members are probably aware, is to be housed in the building at present occupied by Victoria British School. It is not anticipated that the school will pay for itself by fees received, as it is intended for the sons of comparatively poor parents, boys who will be apprenticed to engineering firms or otherwise earning their living in the day, and learning the theoretical side of their work in the evening.\n\nThere\n\nPage 190\n\nPage 191", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 544622, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "page_number": 9, "title": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "content_text": "# (B 306-9925)T\n\n## A 2\n\nPage 5\n\nwait for the Judge without certain peril and loss, Justice may be done on them by the Law of Nature, and the same may be there executed by the captors.\" Again in para. 14 he puts the case where \"a pirate at sea assaults a ship but by force is prevented from entering her\" and goes on to distinguish the rule as to accessories at the common law and by the law marine. A somewhat similar definition of a pirate is given by the almost contemporary Italian jurist, Casaregis who wrote in 1670, and says \"Proprie pirata ille dicetur qui sine patentibus alicujus principis ex propria tantum et privata auctoritate per discurrit depredante causa.\" But in certain trials for piracy held in England under the Act of Henry VIII, a narrower definition of piracy seems to have been adopted.\n\n## Page 44\n\nThus in 1696, the trial of Joseph Dawson took place. It is reported in `State Trials Vol. XIII, col. 451`. The prisoners were indicted for \"feloniously and piratically taking and carrying away from persons unknown a certain ship called the 'Gunsway' upon the high seas ten leagues from the Cape St. John near Surat in the East Indies.\" The court was comprised of Sir Charles Hedges, then Judge in the High Court of Admiralty, Lord Chief Justice Holt, Lord Chief Justice Treby, Lord Chief Baron Ward, and a number of other Judges. Sir Charles Hedges gave the charge to the Grand Jury. In it, he said \"now piracy is only a sea-term for robbery, piracy being a robbery committed within the jurisdiction of the Admiralty. If any man be assaulted within that jurisdiction and his ship or goods violently taken away without legal authority, this is robbery and piracy.\" Dawson's case was described as the sheet anchor for those who contend that robbery is an ingredient of piracy. It must be remembered, however, that every case must be read secundum subjectam materiam and must be held to refer to the facts under dispute.\n\nIn Dawson's case, the prisoners had undoubtedly committed robbery in their piratical expeditions. The only function of the Chief Judge was to charge the Grand Jury and, in fact, to say to them \"Gentlemen, if you find the prisoners have done these things, then you ought to return a true bill against them.\" The same criticism applies to certain charges given to Grand Juries by Sir Leoline Jenkins (1623-1685), Judge of the Admiralty Court. See the \"Life of Leoline Jenkins,\" vol. I, p. 94. It cannot be suggested that these learned Judges were purporting to give an exhaustive definition of piracy, and a moment's reflection will show that a definition of piracy as sea robbery is both too narrow and too wide. Take one example only. Assume a modern liner with its crew and passengers, say of several thousand aboard, under its national flag, and suppose one passenger robbed another. It would be impossible to contend that such a robbery on the high seas was piracy and that the passenger in question had committed an act of piracy when he robbed his fellow passenger, and was therefore liable to the penalty of death. That is too wide a definition which would embrace all acts of plunder and violence in degree sufficient to constitute piracy simply because done on the high seas. As every crime can be committed at sea, piracy might thus be extended to the whole criminal code. If an act of robbery or murder were committed upon one of the passengers or crew by another in a vessel at sea, the vessel being at the time and continuing under lawful authority, and the offender were secured and confined by the master of the vessel to be taken home for trial, this state of things would not authorise seizure and trial by any nation that chose to interfere or within whose limits the offender might afterwards be found.\" Dana's Wheaton 193, note 83, quoted in Moore's Digest of International Law (Washington 1906) Article \"Piracy,” p. 953.\n\nBut over and above that, we are not now in the year 1696; we are now in the year 1934. International law was not crystallised in the 17th century but is a living and expanding code.\n\nIn his treatise on international law, the English textbook writer Hall (1835-94) says at p. 25 of his preface to the third edition (1889), \"looking back over the last couple of centuries we see international law at the close of each fifty years in a more solid position than that which it occupied at the beginning of the period. Progressively it has taken firmer hold, it has extended its sphere of operation, it has ceased to trouble itself about trivial formalities, it has more and more dared to grapple in detail with the fundamental facts in the relations of States. The area within which it reigns beyond dispute has in that time been infinitely enlarged, and it has been gradually enlarged within the memory of living man.\"\n\nAgain, another example may be given. A body of international law is growing up with regard to aerial warfare and aerial transport, of which Sir Charles Hedges in 1696 could have had no possible idea.\n\nA definition of piracy which appears to limit the term to robbery on the high seas was put forward by that eminent authority Hale (1609-76), in his \"Pleas of the Crown\" Ed. 1737, cap 27, p. 305, where he states, \"it is out of the question that piracy by the statute is robbery.\" It is not surprising that subsequent definitions proceed on these lines.\n\nHawkins (1673-1746) \"Pleas of the Crown\" (1716), 7th Ed., 1795, vol. 1, defines a pirate rather differently, at p. 267, \"a pirate is one who to enrich himself either by surprise or open force sets upon merchants or others trading by the sea to spoil them of their goods or treasure.” This does not necessarily import robbing. Blackstone (1726-80) 20th Ed., Book IV, p. 76, states, \"the offence of piracy by common law consists in committing those acts of robbery and depredation upon the high seas which, if committed upon land, would have amounted to felony there.\"\n\n## A 3\n\nPage 10\nPage 11\nPage 12\nPage 13", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 544637, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "page_number": 25, "title": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "content_text": "## 31\n\n5 \n\nwait for the Judge without certain peril and loss, Justice may be done on them by the Law of Nature, and the same may be there executed by the captors.\" Again in para. 14 he puts the case where \"a pirate at sea assaults a ship but by force is prevented from entering her\" and goes on to distinguish the rule as to accessories at the common law and by the law marine. A somewhat similar definition of a pirate is given by the almost contemporary Italian jurist, Casaregis who wrote in 1670, and says \"Proprie pirata ille dicetur qui sine patentibus alicujus principis ex propria tantum et privata auctoritate per mare discurrit depredante causa.\"\n\nBut in certain trials for piracy held in England under the Act of Henry VIII, a narrower definition of piracy seems to have been adopted.\n\nThus in 1696, the trial of Joseph Dawson took place. It is reported in `State Trials Vol. XIII, col. 451`. The prisoners were indicted for \"feloniously and piratically taking and carrying away from persons unknown a certain ship called the 'Gunsway' upon the high seas ten leagues from the Cape St. John near Surat in the East Indies.\" The court was comprised of Sir Charles Hedges, then Judge in the High Court of Admiralty, Lord Chief Justice Holt, Lord Chief Justice Treby, Lord Chief Baron Ward, and a number of other Judges. Sir Charles Hedges gave the charge to the Grand Jury. In it, he said \"now piracy is only a sea-term for robbery, piracy being a robbery committed within the jurisdiction of the Admiralty. If any man be assaulted within that jurisdiction and his ship or goods violently taken away without legal authority, this is robbery and piracy.\" Dawson's case was described as the sheet anchor for those who contend that robbery is an ingredient of piracy. It must be remembered, however, that every case must be read secundum subjectam materiam and must be held to refer to the facts under dispute.\n\n## 94\n\nIn Dawson's case, the prisoners had undoubtedly committed robbery in their piratical expeditions. The only function of the Chief Judge was to charge the Grand Jury and, in fact, to say to them \"Gentlemen, if you find the prisoners have done these things, then you ought to return a true bill against them.\" The same criticism applies to certain charges given to Grand Juries by Sir Leoline Jenkins (1623-1685), Judge of the Admiralty Court. See the \"Life of Leoline Jenkins,\" vol. I, p. ... . It cannot be suggested that these learned Judges were purporting to give an exhaustive definition of piracy, and a moment's reflection will show that a definition of piracy as sea robbery is both too narrow and too wide. Take one example only. Assume a modern liner with its crew and passengers, say of several thousand aboard, under its national flag, and suppose one passenger robbed another. It would be impossible to contend that such a robbery on the high seas was piracy and that the passenger in question had committed an act of piracy when he robbed his fellow passenger, and was therefore liable to the penalty of death. That is too wide a definition which would embrace all acts of plunder and violence in degree sufficient to constitute piracy simply because done on the high seas. As every crime can be committed at sea, piracy might thus be extended to the whole criminal code. If an act of robbery or murder were committed upon one of the passengers or crew by another in a vessel at sea, the vessel being at the time and continuing under lawful authority, and the offender were secured and confined by the master of the vessel to be taken home for trial, this state of things would not authorise seizure and trial by any nation that chose to interfere or within whose limits the offender might afterwards be found,\" Dana's Wheaton 193, note 83, quoted in Moore's Digest of International Law (Washington 1906) Article \"Piracy,\" p. 953.\n\nBut over and above that, we are not now in the year 1696, but in the year 1934. International law was not crystallised in the 17th century, but is a living and expanding code.\n\nIn his treatise on international law, the English textbook writer Hall (1835-94) says at p. 25 of his preface to the third edition (1889), \"looking back over the last couple of centuries we see international law at the close of each fifty years in a more solid position than that which it occupied at the beginning of the period. Progressively it has taken firmer hold, it has extended its sphere of operation, it has ceased to trouble itself about trivial formalities, it has more and more dared to grapple in detail with the fundamental facts in the relations of States. The area within which it reigns beyond dispute has in that time been infinitely enlarged, and it has been gradually enlarged within the memory of living man.\"\n\nAgain, another example may be given. A body of international law is growing up with regard to aerial warfare and aerial transport, of which Sir Charles Hedges in 1696 could have had no possible idea.\n\nA definition of piracy which appears to limit the term to robbery on the high seas was put forward by that eminent authority Hale (1609-76), in his \"Pleas of the Crown\" Ed. 1737, cap 27, p. 305, where he states, \"it is out of the question that piracy by the statute is robbery.\" It is not surprising that subsequent definitions proceed on these lines.\n\nHawkins (1673-1746) \"Pleas of the Crown\" (1716), 7th Ed., 1795, vol. 1, defines a pirate rather differently, at p. 267, \"a pirate is one who to enrich himself either by surprise or open force sets upon merchants or others trading by the sea to spoil them of their goods or treasure.” This does not necessarily import robbing. Blackstone (1726-80) 20th Ed., Book IV, p. 76, states, \"the offence of piracy by common law consists in committing those acts of robbery and depredation upon the high seas which, if committed upon land, would have amounted to felony there.\"\n\n`EC(B 306-9925)T` \n\n## A 3\n\n## 32", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 544655, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "page_number": 43, "title": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "content_text": "## Piracy in International Law\n\nThe law of piracy is based on the law of nations and reference to the law of England. It must be carefully noticed that the municipal policy of a particular state may treat as piratical acts (e.g., the slave trade) which do not bear that complexion by the law of nations. Piracy in international law is commonly defined by writers as the offence of depredating on the seas [Bynkershoek adds \"or land\" (Quæst. Jur. Pub. lib. i, c.xvii). The extension is reasonable when the acts are performed by persons descending on the land from the sea.] without being authorised by any sovereign state, or with commissions from different sovereigns at war with each other. [Wheaton (ed. Phillipson), p. 204 cf. the various authorities that are cited in the American case, United States v. Smith (1820) 5 Wheaton, 157]. But both this definition and that of Sir Charles Hedges are too narrow, in that they imply that animus furandi is essential; whereas the essential characteristic of piracy is that the acts complained of are done without the authority of a sovereign state or a politically organised society, and for private ends, and 'robbery' or depredation is not necessarily an ingredient of the offence. As Sir L. Jenkins has it: [Works, vol. ii, p. 714: cited Wheaton, l.c. p. 205n] \"The law distinguishes between a pirate who is a highwayman and sets up for robbing, either having no commission at all or else hath two or three, and a lawful man of war that exceeds his commission\".\n\nThe definition given above makes it impossible to treat as pirates the bearers of letters of marque. A tendency has been shown from time to time to extend the definition so as to comprehend such persons, but however objectionable the practice of issuing privateer commissions to foreigners was (for privateering has been abolished by the Declaration of Paris, 1856), the bearers were clearly not pirates, insomuch as they had behind them a politically organised and responsible society.\n\nThe doctrine above set forth was much discussed in the case of The Huascar. In 1877, in the course of a revolution in Peru, the crew of the Huascar seized the vessel and committed acts of violence on some British steamers. The Peruvian Government by decree repudiated all responsibility for the acts of the ship. Under these circumstances, the British commander in the Pacific, regarding the acts of the Huascar as piratical, engaged her in an indecisive encounter. The Peruvian Government then made a demand for satisfaction on the untenable ground that the acts of the Huascar did not amount to piracy. Piratical in the vulgar sense they certainly were not, but they were most clearly so within the meaning of international law. So far from there being a responsible, there was not even a belligerent society behind the vessel. She stood completely alone [Parl. Papers, Peru, No. 1, 1877].\n\n### Phillimore's International Law 2nd Edition Vol. I, p. 411\n\n\"CCCLVI. To whatever country the Pirate may have originally belonged, he is justiciable everywhere (a); his detestable occupation has made him hostis humani generis, and he cannot upon any ground claim immunity from the tribunal of his captor. With professed Pirates (Lord Stowell says) there is no state of peace. They are the enemies of every country, and at all times; and therefore are universally subject to the extreme rights of war (b). The Pirate has, in fact, no national character. captures made by them affect ownership, the rule of law being that a piratis capta dominium non mutant. Piracy is an assault upon vessels navigated on the high sea, committed animo furandi, whether the robbery or forcible depredation be effected or not, and whether or not it be accompanied by murder or personal injury\".\n\n## RECORD\n\nCase for the Secretary of State for the Colonies.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 556537, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-565-5 Hong Kong Eugenics League- activities 27-6-1937 - 31-8-1937", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-565-5 Hong Kong Eugenics League- activities 27-6-1937 - 31-8-1937", "content_text": "14\n\n28\n\nBIRTH CONTROL NEWS\n\nDoctor's Case for Small Families.\n\nA defence of mothers who \"provide the State with a small number of good citizens rather than a rabble of neglected starvelings\" is made by Dr. John Kershaw, medical officer of health for Accrington (Lancs.)\n\nThe number of first-born children, he points out, had increased in Accrington, and was higher in 1936 than at any time since 1930. The number of second children had also increased during recent years.\n\n\"If young parents prefer pleasure to perambulators and cars to cradles,\" Dr. Kershaw writes,\n\n16 we should expect to find a decrease in the number of first children, since once the first baby has arrived a life of pleasure is seriously hampered.\n\n\"It is in the third and subsequent children that the decrease has been steadily progressing during the last dozen years.\n\n\"If these figures mean anything, they mean that women are as ready as ever to become mothers, but that they are unable to afford a large family.\n\n\"Parents are still courageous. It is fear for the child's future and not for her own comfort that deters a woman from continuing to bear children.\n\n'Until she is relieved of this fear, it is futile to mouth well-meaning but empty phrases about duty to the State.'\n\nYour Own Opinion.\n\n(\n\nI do not think the writer of the article on empty cradles worked out how a mother with only £2 a week coming in can provide for a newcomer without robbing those she has already.\n\nI have two big and healthy children, and I have just had another in Crumpsall Hospital.\n\nI borrowed £2 for a second-hand layette for my new babe, expecting to\n\nOctober, 1937\n\nreceive £2 maternity money, and now I am informed by the Post Office that I am not entitled to draw any.\n\nI have drawn just 24s. 6d. in money and I have put ninety 1s. 2d. stamps on my cards, expecting it now my babe is here. I have no money to buy even a second-hand pram, nor anything to pay back what I borrowed for the layette. Then we have to read articles on why there are not more children!\n\nD. S., Belper Street, Harpurhey.\n\nLandlord Bans Babies.\n\nA young couple in Aberdeen have been forbidden by their landlord to have any children. If they do they must leave the house.\n\nThe identity of the couple is being kept secret, but the matter has aroused tremendous indignation and is being investigated by the Aberdeen House Proprietors' and Factors' Association.\n\nThe clergy have taken strong objection to the landlord's ruling, and steps may be taken to have the whole case officially reviewed.\n\nInvestigations have revealed that although it is seldom a factor makes the stipulation so definite many young couples have been given houses, but told when they take over that no children were wanted.\n\n\"There is no A young wife said: doubt that many young couples are afraid to have families for fear they are put out of their house.\"\n\nMEDICAL HELP\n\nON\n\nBIRTH CONTROL\n\nBY\n\nHAROLD CHAPPLE, M.C.\n\nSIR JOHN COCKBURN, K.C.M.G., M.D. SIR W. ARBUTHNOT LANE, C.B.\n\nSIR JAMES BARR, C.B.E., M.D.\n\nAnd others.\n\nOf all Booksellers\n\n6s. net. Putnam, 24, Bedford St., London, W.C.2\n\nVol xvi, No. 3.\n\nBIRTH CONTROL NEWS\n\nParis-International Population Congress.\n\nPrison Ban.\n\n29\n\n15\n\nA woman friend who has just become a visitor to Holloway Prison is puzzled and disturbed because she finds she is unable to get permission to give the inmates any instruction in birth control.\n\nCC\n\nAt the Congress held in Paris on July 29 to August 1, under the Presidency of M. Adolphe Landry, a large number of speakers from different countries assembled to listen to a wide range of theoretical papers. The\n\nHere, if anywhere,\" she says subject arousing most discussion and indignantly, \"it is needed.\n\nit is needed. Most of on which the Congress members got\n\nthese women, who have either got no thoroughly bogged was that of \"Race.\" brains at all, or the wrong sort, and are It is clear that the word as used at\n\noften physically unsound as well, have large families, some of them eight or ten, even in these days.\n\n80\n\npresent is charged with much political significance and based on so little truly diagnostic character that it would be better not to use the word at all at any scientific meeting.\n\nA full Report of the proceedings is to be issued by the Congress Secretary in due course.\n\nSir Leonard Hill's Warning.\n\nSir Leonard Hill, specialist in physical medicine, discussed the prospect of a greatly diminished population, with a growing proportion of the aged, in his Presidential Address to the Sanitary Inspectors Association Conference at Brighton.\n\nHe said that, if the present trend continues, in one hundred years Britain's population may have fallen to 5,000,000, little more than half the present population of London. In every 100 people there were now 23 under 15 and 12 over 60. In thirty years' time the figures would be 10 and 24, and in sixty years 4 and 45.\n\nThe infant mortality had been halved and the expectation of life at birth had gone up since the middle of last century, from thirty-nine to fifty-nine years.\n\nIt was not that the late middle-aged people were now living to be older, but that the young were not dying. If the present trend was followed there would by 1941 no longer be any excess of births over deaths.\n\n'They would like to know how to stop, having children; the prison officials would like them to. I would like to tell them. But none of us is the Home Office will not even listen to able to do anything about it, because\n\nargument on the subject.\"\n\nNot \"Three Score Years and Ten.\"\n\nC\n\nThe child born in this century can hope on the average for thirty more years of life than his ancestor in the fourth century and twelve more years than if he had lived 200 years ago,\" said Professor D. Burns, speaking at the British Association.\n\nCC\n\nMore and more people of all ages are being protected against natural death, and the proportion of people unfitted for life's struggle is increasing, especially in the more sheltered classes, and they are likely to fall victims to any sudden physical or mental crisis. That explains why the average expectation of life of the male of 65 is less to-day than it was at the beginning of the Christian Era.\n\nTHE C.B.C. LIBRARY is there for use Members can use the Reading Room or borrow books. Join the C.B.C. and use it.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-565-5 Hong Kong Eugenics League- activities 27-6-1937 - 31-8-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 571369, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-586-5 Centenary of the occupation of Hong Kong 8-7-1940 - 26-1-1941", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-586-5 Centenary of the occupation of Hong Kong 8-7-1940 - 26-1-1941", "content_text": "# SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST - HONG KONG\n## SHEWAN TOMES & CO., LTD \n### 旗昌洋行\n\nTEL. ADDRESS: KEECHONG \nBANK OF EAST ASIA BLDG., HONG KONG. TEL. 27781 \nIMPORT, EXPORT & COMMISSION AGENTS.\n\nGeneral Managers of: \n| Company | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| The Hongkong Rope Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | |\n| The Sandakan Light & Power Co. (1922) Ltd. | |\n\nGeneral Agents for: \n| Company | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| China Underwriters, Ltd. | |\n\nAgents for: \n| Company | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| A. C. Lawrence Leather Co. | Leather |\n| The Hercules Powder Co. | Explosives & Chemicals |\n| The Chinese Aluminium Rolling Mills, Ltd. | Aluminium Sheets & Foil |\n| Aluminium Union Limited, | Aluminium Products |\n| Oost Borneo Maatschappij, N.V. | Samarinda Dyak Coal |\n| Mitchell Cotts & Co., Ltd. | Natal Navigation Group Lump Coal |\n| \"Italit\" Products, Ltd. | Asbestos Cement Sheets |\n| The Celotex Corporation | Celotex Fibre Board |\n| Certain-teed Products Corporation | Roofing Products, Linoleum |\n| The Sisalkraft Co. | Waterproofed Paper |\n| Singapore Rubber Works Ltd. | Tiles & All Rubber Manufactures |\n| Schlage Lock Company | Locks |\n| Union Oil Co. of California | Oils, Asphalt, etc. |\n| McKesson & Robbins, Inc | Toilet Articles |\n| Bauer & Black | Hospital Supplies |\n| H. Kohnstamm & Co. Inc. | Pigment Colours & Flavouring Extracts |\n| Century Electric Co. | Motors & Electrical Supplies |\n| Fairbanks Morse & Co. | Pumps, Electrical Plant, Small Gasoline Engines, Scales, etc. |\n| Moffats, Ltd. | Electric Cookers, Refrigerators |\n| Veritys, Ltd. | A.C. and D.C. Motors, A.C. and D.C. Switch Gear, Fans, Light Fittings, Radiators |\n| Wingets, Ltd. | Concrete Mixers |\n| Kellogg Switchboard & Supply Co. | Telephones |\n| Bruntons (Musselburgh) Ltd. | Wire Rope |\n| Wonhams, Inc. | Railway Materials |\n| H. Widdop & Co., Ltd. | Diesel Engines |\n| Record Electrical Co., Ltd. | Electrical Instruments, etc. |\n| Line Material Co. | Electrical Equipment for Overhead Lines |\n| Atlas Steels, Ltd. | Tool & Special Steel |\n| Enfield Cable Works, Ltd. | Electrical Cables & Supplies |\n\nManufacturers of: \n- Chain Link Wire Netting\n- Square Crimped Wire Mesh\n- Steel Office Furniture\n\n## TELEGRAPH, CENTENARY SUPPLEMENT \n### PIRATES \n#### JANUARY 25, 1941.\n\n(Continued from Page Two) \nThe earliest Police buildings were the Magistracy and Victoria Gaol, and Police Stations at Queen's Road East and Aberdeen, built in 1847. All have been either demolished or superseded since then - Victoria Gaol was reconstructed in 1865, and superseded a few years ago by the new prison at Stanley, while the Magistracy as it stands today is a comparatively new structure. Perhaps the oldest of the existing Police Stations is the old No. 1 in Happy Valley, which a few years ago was converted into quarters for Indian constables, when the fine new Wanchai (No. 2) Station came into use on the Praya East Reclamation. It is on record that a Wongneichong Police Station was erected in 1853, and the old No. 9 at Caine Road went up the same year. The original Central Police Station was built in 1857, and the old No. 7 Station (superseded in 1902) was erected in 1858. Several other outlying stations were built about this period. The old Wanchai Station was built in 1868.\n\nThe Colony had its fair quota of Chinese criminals at that time, and in the early years a gang of pirates from the mainland actually landed near West Point and looted the Chinese section of the town. Raids by armed Chinese on European residences were also not uncommon. But the records of the Supreme Court contain references to piracies of a more ambitious kind, such as thrilled most of us in the fiction of our youth.\n\n## EUROPEAN PIRATES\n\nIt is strange to think nowadays of the trial in Hongkong in 1845 of Henry Daniel Sinclair, a Briton, former gunner of the schooner Ariel, on charge of piracy. He was sentenced to transportation for life. In 1848, Captain Cole of the schooner Spec and his crew were acquitted of a charge of piracy; but an Englishman named William Fenton, who commanded a Chinese lorcha, or junk, engaged in piracy, was sentenced to three years' hard labour in 1852, after a series of trials in which he had at first been discharged, and many adventures, which included a fight in which a Portuguese naval officer was killed by some of Fenton's Chinese crew. In 1857, an American with the truly romantic name of Eli Boggs - in itself suggesting the pirate chiefs of the story books - was sentenced in Hongkong to transportation for life, on a charge of piracy and murder, and owing to ill-health was sent back to America the following year.\n\nThese were men who in the main led Chinese freebooters operating in local waters. The Chinese pirates, who at one time had counted Hongkong Island a stronghold of their own, continued their trade for many years, and within living memory, before British control was extended on the mainland, Hong Kong residents could journey out to Kowloon City shoreline (now obliterated by the airport reclamation) and witness rows of pirates being executed.\n\n## WYNDHAM STREET 95 YEARS AGO\nWyndham Street in 1846, with old Hongkong Club on the right and Pedder's Hill on the left.\n\n## The Volunteers Come Into Being\n\nIt required the Crimean War, however, when in Britain itself enthusiasm was at a high pitch, to create sufficient enthusiasm locally, but the first suggestion for local Volunteers did not develop until 1860. In March 1862, a public meeting in the old Court House decided to form a Volunteer Corps. A battery of artillery was first organised, and a band followed; in 1863 a rifle company came into being, and in 1864 the Volunteers had their first experience of street patrols following a small riot in the Colony, which followed a fight between European and Malay sailors, and in which British soldiers later took part.\n\nThe Jockey Club also has an old history, the race course having been constructed in 1846, but prior to that Hongkong sportsmen (from 1841 to 1845) raced their ponies at Macao.\n\nWhen hostilities with the Chinese broke out again not long after Hong Kong had been ceded, owing to non-observance of the provisional treaty stipulations, some of these re-embarked for Canton, and took part in the punitive operations.\n\nThe oldest cemetery, used by the military, was at Taipingshan, above Queen's Road West, while the civilians were buried at St Francis Yard, off Queen's Road East. Stanley cemetery was opened a little later for the military, and the Colonial Cemetery in Happy Valley for civilians (in 1845). The remains of those buried in St Francis Yard were removed to the Colonial Cemetery in 1889.\n\nOwing to the presence of Indian soldiers here in the very early days, including a number of Mohammedans, the community was one of those almost specially catered for from the outset, and not only was a mosque in existence at an early date (1843) but a Moslem cemetery was also established.\n\nAmong other early pioneers of non-Ecclesiastical institutions were early in the field: and several schools were also opened in the very first year of the British occupation. Let us consider some of the older foundations.\n\nFrom the very first, religious bodies must have turned their eyes to a new field of endeavour, and when the Colony had assumed some semblance of settled order, the earliest missions arrived. The Baptists were among the first here, and in 1842 a Baptist Chapel was opened in Queen's Road, primarily intended, it would appear, for Chinese worshippers. Rev. J. L. Schuck opened it with money subscribed by the foreign community (resident and transient).", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-586-5 Centenary of the occupation of Hong Kong 8-7-1940 - 26-1-1941.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 571844, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-587-12 Evacuation from Hong Kong- passenger lists 8-7-1940 - 8-7-1940", "page_number": 35, "title": "CO129-587-12 Evacuation from Hong Kong- passenger lists 8-7-1940 - 8-7-1940", "content_text": "## HONG KONG NAVAL VOLUNTEER FORCE\n(2) \n35\n\n| WIFE'S NAME | CHILDREN | MALE | FEMALE | DESTINATION | HUSBAND |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| AMBROSE, C.E. | 1 | | | SYDNEY | AMBROSE, F.W., W.O. |\n| BATES, D.J. | 2 | | | SYDNEY | BATES, A.E., S.Lt. |\n| BLACK, H,G. | 1 | 2 | | SYDNEY | BLACK, D., P.S.Lt. |\n| BROWN, D.K. | 1 | 1 | | MELBOURNE | BROWN, A.R., 3.Lt. |\n| BUCHANAN, M. | 1 | | | SYDNEY | BUCHANAN, D., O.9. |\n| CASTLETON, C.I. | 1 | | | SYDNEY | CASTLETON, R.G., O.S. |\n| CLARKE, L.A. | | | | SYDNEY | CLARKE, P., O.3. |\n| COCKLE, P.M. | 1 | | | SYDNEY | COCKLE, H.M., S.Lt. |\n| DUDLEY, A.M. | | | | MELBOURNE | DUDLEY, G.C., Lt. |\n| DUDLEY, A.G. | Mother of | | | MELBOURNE | DUDLEY, G.C., Lt. |\n| FERRIER, O.M. | 3 | | | MELBOURNE | FERRIER, V.E., W.O. |\n| FIELD, E.E. | | | | SYDNEY | FIELD, W.V., W.O. |\n| FOGWILL, A.M. | 1 | 1 | | SYDNEY | FOGWILL, W., W.O. |\n| HARRIMAN, L.E. | 3 | 1 | | SYDNEY | HARRIMAN, G.A., W.O. |\n| LANDSBERT, A.G. | 1 | 1 | | SYDNEY | LANDSBERT, A.L., W.O. |\n| LINDSAY, E.M. | Sister of | | | SYDNEY | EASTMAN, J.V., S.Lt. |\n| LOW, R.E. | 1 | | | SYDNEY | LOW, T., W.O. |\n| MARTIN, M. | 2 | | | SYDNEY | MARTIN, T.A., W.O. |\n| MEADOWS, N. | 1 | | | MELBOURNE | MEADOWS, R.B., W.O. |\n| MERRY, I. | 1 | 1 | | SYDNEY | MERRY, L.G., S.Lt. |\n| MORLEY, F.V. | 1 | | | SYDNEY | MORLEY, D.W., S.Lt. |\n| MUNDY, D.I. | 1 | | | SYDNEY | MUNDY, H.H., W.O. |\n| NASH, A. | 2 | | | SYDNEY | NASH, W., W.O. |\n| NOBBINS, H.F.M. | 1 | | | MELBOURNE | NOBBINS, A.E., V.O. |\n| KIRK, A.M. | Nurse | | | MELBOURNE | NOBLE, R.C. |\n| NOBLE, H. | 1 | | | SYDNEY | NOBLE, H., O.S. |\n| O'NEILL, D.J. | | | | SYDNEY | O'NEILL, F.S., W.O. |\n| PETRIE, E.B. | 2 | | | SYDNEY | PETRIE, J., Commander |\n| HINDMARSH, G.P. | | | | SYDNEY | HINDMARSH, D.E., S.Lt. |\n| HINDMARSH, A.L. | Mother of | | | SYDNEY | HINDMARSH, D.E., S.Lt. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-587-12 Evacuation from Hong Kong- passenger lists 8-7-1940 - 8-7-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 573776, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-589-11 Port of Hong Kong- Report on future control and development 18-7-1941 - 10-10-1944", "page_number": 114, "title": "CO129-589-11 Port of Hong Kong- Report on future control and development 18-7-1941 - 10-10-1944", "content_text": "## \n(68) It may be further noted that there does not seem to have been much in the nature of planning for the future development of the Port, although I am bound to mention that Mr. Andrew Nicol, A.M. Inst. C.E., the Engineer in charge of the Harbour Works, has displayed a deal of foresight in many plans which he has prepared for dealing with certain aspects of the physical side of the Port. There has, however, been no officially adopted plan of development, and it is practically impossible for the ordinary civil servant, having regard to his general duties, to do much in that direction.\n\n(69) As stated in paragraph 25, Hong Kong owes its trade and prosperity largely to its magnificent Harbour, so much so that it may be said that the Harbour is the Colony and the Colony is the Harbour. Jealous eyes have been cast at it, hence we hear from time to time of schemes for the establishment or improvement of other Ports, with the object of robbing Hong Kong of its trade.\n\n(70) All this makes it important that the Port of Hong Kong should be carefully nurtured by keeping its facilities adequate, and, above all, the burden of its charges as light as possible. Here I may remark that I am struck by the lowness of the charges which the principal godown Companies are able to make, they being lower than those at any of the many Ports of which I have knowledge.\n\n(71) If things are to remain as they are, the Government presumably would have to renew the pier leases on their expiration, for such further periods as they thought fit and at appropriate rents, which could reasonably be higher than those at present in force, so giving security of tenure to the...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-589-11 Port of Hong Kong- Report on future control and development 18-7-1941 - 10-10-1944.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575190, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "page_number": 31, "title": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL** \n\n**SFE HAND** \n\nDear Monson: \n\nHere are the reports on the Hong Kong people.\n\nو \n\n1111 Beaver Hall Hill \n\nMontreal \n\n7th December, 1943 \n\n31 \n\nThe salary scales are so far missing because they have not had time to think them out in detail; if they can remember them they will report the figures to the High Commissioner's Office within the next week or so.\n\nAs regards the people themselves, here is a brief line on them in case something of the sort is wanted by those responsible for reconstruction efforts:- \n\n| Name | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| R. P. Morris | is a competent and experienced technical officer. |\n| Sgts. Mann and Hedley | have good records and were well thought of by their superiors in Hong Kong. |\n| Sgt. Fyffe | I do not know; he and reliable mon looks like a conscientious I'd say he knew his job. |\n| E. D. Robbins | I don't know him either: you will be able to judge his quality from his reports. He makes a good impression and though hardly an intellectual prodigy is greatly interested in his work. |\n| Mrs. Mann | She has been employed on highly confidential secretarial work in the special branch of the Police Department for a number of years; Department thought highly of her. |\n| (Miss Clarke) | her |\n| Dr. Greaves | I know very little about him. He wishes to retire, which is natural considering the state of his health and his age and except in an emergency I would be inclined to write him off for purposes of future service. |\n| Miss Collard | I did not know her in Hong Kong but she looks a most competent and efficient person. |\n\nIf there is any way of expediting firm arrangements about the leave and pay and expenses of these people I think it would be well worth taking.\n\nMay I draw special attention to Crouch and his colleagues from Shanghai? They are all trained police officers speaking one or more Chinese dialects and seem to me to be the very stuff of reconstruction staff. They are reachable through the High Commissioner in Ottawa to whom they are reporting in case you wish to have first refusal of their services.\n\n`64251-1` \n\n31", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575192, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "page_number": 33, "title": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "content_text": "# SECRET\n## 33\n### 7th December, 1943\n\n## HONG KONG REFUGEES ABOARD THE \"GRIPSHOLM\"\n\nThe following officers (or dependents of officers) of the Hong Kong Government arrived in New York on the Gripsholm on December 1st, 1943.\n\n| Name | Address in Canada | Remarks |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Sgt. Charles Medley and wife | c/o. Mr. J. W. Donald, P.O. Box 272 Victoria, B.C. | Holds himself at disposal of Colonial Office. |\n| Sgt. David Mann and wife | c/o. W. Marshall, B.C. Electric Co. Vancouver, B.C. | Will report to High Commissioner, Ottawa and await further instructions through him. Both ditto. |\n| E. D. Robbins wife and child | c/o High Commissioner's Office, Earnscliffe, Ottawa | Mr. Robins ditto. |\n| L/Sgt. D. R. Fyffe | c/o Miss L Fyffe 11 Nickle Avenue Mount Dennis, Toronto. | Ditto Anxious to proceed to Scotland as soon as possible for leave. |\n| R. P. Morris | c/o. Mr. J. Paterson, British Trade Commissioner, Montreal | Ditto. Anxious to join his family in Australia for period of leave. |\n| Dr. Greaves | c/o High Commissioner's Office, Earnscliffe, Ottawa. | Inclined to retire from service. |\n| Mrs. Zaitzeff and child | c/o Mrs. Kimball-Nichols, 5911 Blenheim Street, Vancouver, B.C. | Will report to High Commissioner, Ottawa and await conclusion of arrangements reference her maintenance in Canada. |\n| Miss G. Collard (Nursing Sister) | Asa Court, Suite 17, Langside Street, Winnipeg. | As for Sgt. Medley. |\n\nThe party was held incommunicado in New York and sent on by train to Montreal where I met them on December 2nd.\n\n2. Through the courtesy of Mr. Paterson, a room was put at my disposal in the British Trade Commissioner's Office where I interviewed the party individually on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th December. Mr. Paterson and two members of his staff, Mrs. McBride and Mr Jefferies, went out of their way to be as helpful as possible and welcomed the repatriates with every courtesy. Mrs. McBride in particular undertook a great deal of extra secretarial work in addition to her regular duties.\n\n3. During the voyage on the Gripsholm reports were prepared on the basis of the pooled knowledge of the exchange party, with reference to conditions in the Far East and to details of imprisoned or interned Allied personnel remaining in Japanese hands. I understand that these reports will be available to the High Commissioner's Office and will no doubt be forwarded to London in due course.\n\n4. Without prejudice to the above, I thought it wise to suggest to all members of the Hong Kong party that they should each prepare a short personal account of conditions as they saw them, together with any facts which might be of interest to the colonial authorities. This will no doubt result in duplication but may serve to fill some gaps in the picture. These personal reports will be submitted to the High Commissioner's office for safe hand transmission to London.\n\n5. With the exception of Dr. Greaves, Mr. R. P. Morris and Sgt. Fyffe, all members of the party looked surprisingly well. The sea voyage had worked wonders. The three first named, however, are in need of a long rest.\n\n64251-1\n3", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575202, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "page_number": 43, "title": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n1111 Beaver Hall Hill \nMontreal, \n6th December, 1943. \n\n42 \n\n## E. D. Robbins\n\nMr. Robbins was recruited from Shanghai in 1940 as a Health Inspector on a three-year agreement. He holds the diploma of R.S.I. in London.\n\nMr. Robbins, who is accompanied by his wife and child, appeared to be in good health and is anxious to preserve his place in the Colonial Service and to undertake any duties which may be assigned to him either in the Far East or elsewhere; he is, however, particularly interested in reconstruction work in Hong Kong and wishes to return there in due course.\n\nWhile in Stanley Camp, he tells me that Mr. H. Pegg of the P.W.D. offered him a post-war job in the Hong Kong P.W.D. as a constructional engineer. Mr. Robbins holds a diploma of some sort in construction work but I do not know exactly what. Two reports which Mr. Robbins wrote on the `Gripsholm` are appended; there is nothing new in them but they may be useful to fill in some of the details.\n\nMr. Robbins will report to Ottawa and await further instructions. He is anxious about his financial situation and would be glad if it could be cleared up as soon as possible.\n\n> In conversation with me, Mr. Robbins confirmed everything that has been said about the gravity of the situation at Stanley as regards disease and malnutrition. Like the others, he thought that although up to now morale has been high, it was due for a slump this coming winter unless some radical improvements could be introduced.\n\nMr. Robbins is a soft-ball enthusiast and seems to have organised many of the games in the camp. K. Nakazawa, the Japanese Camp Superintendent, is also interested in soft-ball and frequently took part in the camp games. He also bought, apparently with his own money, additional soft-ball equipment for the use of the internees.\n\n64251-1 \n11", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575203, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "page_number": 44, "title": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "content_text": "# \nMr. Robbins confirms that he did all in his power to alleviate the prisoners' lot. This sympathetic attitude continued until a few months ago when, for some reason (thought to be connected with the intensification of American air raids on the colony), his attitude has shown a marked change. He no longer takes part in camp games and has abandoned his friendly relations with the internees. He will not speak unless spoken to and will not answer questions or discuss affairs as formerly.\n\nLike all the other internees, Mr. Robbins confirms the amazing effect on the morale of the internees of the American raids on the Colony, particularly the celebrated visit from the P-38's which stunted over Stanley camp before machine-gunning the nearby Gendarmerie headquarters. On the following day, the Rising Sun was taken down from the flagpole adorning the Gendarmerie Headquarters and has never since been seen. The flagpole itself and the surrounding fence have been hurriedly painted grey.\n\n43\n\nD64251-1\n\n12", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575207, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "page_number": 48, "title": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "content_text": "# \nJust prior to repatriation, all Canadians were assembled in the Japanese headquarters, and were there read the \"strict act\". In so many words we were all warned, or actually the word 'threatened' would be more appropriate, that if on our arrival home, we were met by newsmen, any news we communicated to them would eventually reach Lisbon and so to Japan, and if any details we gave were adverse or exaggerations of the truth as to the conditions under which we had been existing for the past 21 months, then reprisals would be taken against those left behind.\n\nSuch a threatening, was of course just about the best propaganda we could have asked to leave with; however, little did they realize that.\n\nThe reaction of the rest of the internees when they heard of this threat was that they could not be made to suffer any more than at present, and that when we arrived home, we were to tell everything we knew.\n\nAnd so, basing this report on official figures brought out of Camp with me, I have here hoped to give some idea of the conditions in the Stanley Camp, under which 2,500 persons are still living, without exaggeration, but with the necessary adverse comments.\n\n64251-1\n\n18\n\n**E. D. Robbins,**\n**Health Inspector,**\n**Hongkong Medical Department.**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575209, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "page_number": 50, "title": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "content_text": "## \n\n49 \n\nslightly under 24 sq. feet. The Public Health Standards minimum requirements are 36 sq. ft. per person.\n\nThe lack of hot water, except that rationed for drinking purposes, plus the difficulty of obtaining adequate soap supplies, made washing facilities very difficult. One issue of 500 lbs. of soap, 6 dozen brooms, and 50 gallons of disinfectant was the only issue made by the Japanese Authorities; otherwise, soap, toilet paper, etc. was only obtainable through the Canteen or the Camp Welfare Committee, the latter purchasing such necessities from profits made in the Canteen. The one and only issue of camp beds and blankets was made by the Authorities just one year after internment and consisted of 500 of each. This still left many persons sleeping on floors, boards, doors, and other makeshift articles.\n\nWith the ever-increasing number of malaria cases, 143 for 1942, and 213 up to August 31st, 1943, a strong anti-malarial campaign was inaugurated. After many attempts, permission was finally obtained from the Authorities for a squad of men to go outside the boundary once weekly to fill in holes likely to hold water, spray ponds, etc. above high water level, and this has, to some extent, retarded the disease and the breeding of anopheline mosquitoes.\n\nThe disposal of refuse was the chief problem of the Sanitary Department in the Camp.\n\nIncineration was first attempted, but with the lack of adequate fuel, proved unsatisfactory. Consequently, disposal by burying was adopted, but here again, difficulties were met with in fly breeding due to the shortage of lime necessary to cover the refuse. Due to the close proximity of Stanley Village, the fly nuisance became even worse, as no sanitary work was being undertaken there, and our staff was unable to obtain permission to go there and cope with the nuisance. Upon taking over the Camp, many bodies of killed soldiers were found in a badly decomposed state, some partially covered, and others totally exposed. The job of the Department was to properly bury all such corpses. These corpses, coupled with a mild winter, gave the fly nuisance a good start in the Camp. In addition to this, there were many bodies outside the barbed wire boundary, and several washed upon the beaches that could not be attended to. Those naturally made ideal breeding places for flies.\n\nAs a result of all this fly breeding, the first summer in camp saw an epidemic of fly-borne diseases, chiefly dysentery. In the summer of 1942, 410 cases were reported and treated in hospital, while there were only 4 cases of typhoid. In 1943, up to August 31st, these figures were reduced to 65 dysentery and only 1 typhoid. No cholera cases were reported, although there was a cholera epidemic in Hong Kong at the time.\n\nThe inspection of fresh foodstuffs was carried out daily on its arrival from Hong Kong by one food inspector and one veterinary surgeon, and rejections made on diseased meat or any foodstuffs considered unfit for human consumption. Any such rejected foods were never replaced by the Authorities.\n\nS. D. Robbins \nHealth Inspector \nHong Kong Medical Department \n64251-1\n\nPage 50 \nPage 51", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575445, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 87, "title": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "# Messrs. Alfred Holt & Co., 52, Ullet Street, Liverpool, England.\n\nDear Sirs,\n\nKWEILIN, April 26, 1942.\n\nI beg to report that I was the Wharf Engineer of Holt's Wharf, Kowloon, and that I remained on duty until the Japanese occupation of the premises after the fall of Kowloon. The war started on the morning of December the 8th, 1941, when s.s. \"Kiangsu\" was alongside No.2 Wharf unloading 2,000 tons of Government rice from Rangoon. We carried on working day and night till the afternoon of the 11th when it was evident that the defence of Kowloon was to be given up. I last saw Captain Henderson on the Wharf around 4 p.m. that day when he and Mr. Sterling hurriedly crossed the harbour on board \"Kiangsu\" for Hong Kong.\n\nAfter the British retreated and before the Japanese arrival at Kowloon, there was a gap of 20 hours during which looting and robbing were going on all over Kowloon. The premises of Kowloon Wharf and Godown Co. were badly looted, but we in Holt's Wharf managed to guard the place well, hoping that the situation would turn to British favour again. Unfortunately, the Japanese troops arrived on the morning of the 12th, and we had to yield as they entered the premises. They even followed me to my flat, searching for 'White Men'. They knew that I was working for a British firm; they treated my flat as 'Enemy Property', and I was forced out, losing everything that I had therein.\n\nSince we lived a terrible life at my friend's place under shelling fire when the battle for Hong Kong was on, which lasted for 15 days. On December the 26th, Hong Kong yielded, but the British and American civilians were not interned until January 5th, 1942. They were first put up in Chinese hotels, but later they moved to Stanley camps, which were about 20 miles away from the town. The Compradore, Mr. Mok, and myself made several attempts to obtain a permit from Japanese Authority for visiting Captain Henderson, but without success. I am afraid that the treatment in the camps was not too good. I understand from the British Staff of H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corporation (some were set free to attend to banking) that Mr. Eales, Accountant at Holt's Wharf, was unfortunately killed while on duty as A.R.P. Warden in Hong Kong.\n\nI was approached by the Japanese about 3 weeks after their occupation to go back to work at Holt's Wharf as they needed the Engineering Staff for operating the Power House, Lifts, and Cranes. I myself refused to work, pretending that I was too sick, but I had to do something for my men as they were practically facing starvation after...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575865, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-25 Accounts of events leading up to surrender and subsequent treatment of prisoners- etc 23-4-1942 - 28-9-1943", "page_number": 18, "title": "CO129-590-25 Accounts of events leading up to surrender and subsequent treatment of prisoners- etc 23-4-1942 - 28-9-1943", "content_text": "5\n\n18\n\nthe Japanese they are slaves, have no hope whatsoever for their future and their lives are always in dangers. After robbing off all their property, the Japanese let them starve to death. The whole city is lead. In other words, as they actually put it, they are now living in a hell. They do not support the Japanese, and, in fact, they wish most earnestly at an early date the British could stage a good show by blowing the Japanese out and coming back to stay. In their hearts there is a burning desire of British administration to which they will always be loyal. Judging them from my experience I should say that they would do anything for British if they have an opportunity.\n\nBy the Tokyo government Hongkong has been designed a base of operations and naval repairing station. Its governor is a military man who in the capacity of commander-in-chief had once proclaimed that it has tremendous value as far as military operations are concerned and is to be kept for such purpose. However, the land is controlled by army and water by navy, and between them there are always conflicts in exercising their powers. As a result the people are suffered. Its garrison force is very light and it is a general belief that the British can regain the possession of it easily. Besides, its supply is utterly inadequate. To avoid any hazard of air raids, which the Japanese authorities are expecting, the governor has made the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Building his headquarters. It is my conviction that the Great Britain will find no difficulty to recover the colony if a counter attack be launched with a combined force of land, water and air, together with the support of the people in Hongkong by creating troubles against the Japanese internally. It would, too, starve them severely and drive them out if a rigid blockade be enforced. For all these, if to be effective, the cooperation of the Chinese Government is absolutely necessary.\n\nPerhaps, you now may think that the recovery of Hongkong is rather useless for when the war be over China...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-25 Accounts of events leading up to surrender and subsequent treatment of prisoners- etc 23-4-1942 - 28-9-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578853, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-10 Future Policy in Hong Kong- Port Administration 10-4-1946 - 15-4-1947", "page_number": 247, "title": "CO129-592-10 Future Policy in Hong Kong- Port Administration 10-4-1946 - 15-4-1947", "content_text": "65. As things are, the Government of the Colony may be said to control or administer the Harbour, as they own all the land and have granted the leases under which the piers for shipping have been constructed, and they have laid down mooring buoys for vessels, as well as providing navigation lights. Apart from this there has been very little control or administration, it having been left to private enterprise to do all else that was necessary, and it must be admitted that private enterprise has succeeded to a remarkable degree in meeting the needs of the situation.\n\n66. So far as the Government is concerned, the Harbour is not treated as an entity in itself. As already mentioned it comes within the purview of various officials in so far as their respective general duties impinge upon it. The Director of Public Works, for example, deals with the Harbour among the public works of the Colony, the Land Department issues the pier leases as part of their duty to deal with other leases, while even the Harbour Master is concerned with duties other than those relating strictly to the ordinary duties of such an official.\n\n67. The accounts of the Harbour are not kept separately, so that it is impossible easily to compare the revenue derived from it with the expenditure on it, but it would appear that the revenue from light dues, buoy dues, rents of piers and ferry royalties exceeds any expenditure which should be charged against it.\n\n68. It may be further noted that there does not seem to have been much in the nature of planning for the future development of the Port, although I am bound to mention that Mr. Andrew Nicol, A.M. Inst. C.E. the Engineer in charge of the Harbour Works, has displayed a deal of foresight in many plans which he has prepared for dealing with certain aspects of the physical side of the Port. There has, however, been no officially adopted plan of development, and it is practically impossible for the ordinary civil servant, having regard to his general duties, to do much in that direction.\n\n69. As stated in paragraph 25, Hong Kong owes its trade and prosperity largely to its magnificent Harbour, so much so that it may be said that the Harbour is the Colony and the Colony is the Harbour. Jealous eyes have been cast at it, hence we hear from time to time of schemes for the establishment or improvement of other Ports, with the object of robbing Hong Kong of its trade.\n\n70. All this makes it important that the Port of Hong Kong should be carefully nurtured by keeping its facilities adequate, and, above all, the burden of its charges as light as possible. Here I may remark that I am struck by the lowness of the charges which the principal godown Companies are able to make, they being lower than those at any of the many Ports of which I have knowledge.\n\n71. If things are to remain as they are, the Government presumably would have to renew the pier leases on their expiration, for such further periods as they thought fit and at appropriate rents, which could reasonably be higher than those at present in force, so giving security of tenure to the leaseholders and enabling them to develop as they saw fit in the future.\n\n72. So far as the larger ocean-going vessels are concerned, there would not seem to be any fear that private enterprise would not meet the situation if the leases were renewed, but it has to be remembered that there are other services—coasting and river—that are not in such a satisfactory state as regards their accommodation. There are many piers that have been allowed to get into a bad condition, private enterprise not having dealt with them too kindly. Private enterprise may provide all that is necessary for a section of the trade, but fall short in other directions.\n\n73. I think that the doctrine of \"laissez faire\" well describes what has been the attitude of the Government to the Harbour, and, taking everything into consideration, I am of opinion that, in the best interests of the community and of the Colony in its broadest sense as a source of supply of trade to the Empire at large, it is not desirable to allow matters to remain as they are.\n\n74. The course (b) mentioned in paragraph 63, therefore, requires consideration, that is, whether some improved method of Government control could be devised. One way would be to form a special Government department for the purpose.\n\nPage 276", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-10 Future Policy in Hong Kong- Port Administration 10-4-1946 - 15-4-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579506, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-6 Reports on current situation- including weekly intelligence reports 18-9-1945 - 20-12-1945", "page_number": 48, "title": "CO129-592-6 Reports on current situation- including weekly intelligence reports 18-9-1945 - 20-12-1945", "content_text": "SECRET.\n\n3\n\n48\n\nOn 3rd November a Chinese-language newspaper in the Colony carried an item from its special correspondent at CANTON, stating that the people of PING SHAN had sent two representatives to ask the Chinese Government (\"our Government\") for help. The two emissaries were stated to have gone to CANTON on 29th October and to have seen General CHAN FA KWAI, who promised to submit the matter to the Chinese Central Government. At the same time, General OS SAI LAI was requested to negotiate with the HONG KONG Government. It is noted that on 4th November KUMMING radio commented that the prices being offered the land-owners as compensation for the loss of their land were based on the cost of land in 1890, and also reported the despatch of the two emissaries to CANTON.\n\nThe area affected by the building scheme is 690 acres of paddy, and the population to be evicted from their houses approximately 1,400. The experimental air strip will be 100 feet by 900 feet.\n\n(iii) Successor to Mr. SHAM CHIT SON as head of the HONG KONG branch of the KUOMINTANG, Mr. CHAN SU has reported to the Chief Civil Affairs Officer and will be accepted at Government House as the officially accredited representative of the Chinese Central Government. Matters which it was previously anticipated would be referred to emissaries from CANTON will now be handled instead by Mr. CHAN SU, who is empowered to deal with them. His official position should help to a great extent to clarify and put on a satisfactory basis the affairs of the KUOMINTANG in the Colony.\n\n(iv) In the belief that the Commando guards at TAI HO SHAN had already been removed, a party of 30 looters paid a visit to that place on 31st October, only to find that they had arrived 24 hours too soon. As a result, 15 of them were arrested after a brush with the Commandos.\n\n(v) An advance party of Commandos have established themselves at PAK-A on LUNG SHUN WAN CHAU (HIGH Island). They report all houses to be in a filthy condition and the water supply poor.\n\n(vi) Two Chinese constables have been convicted and sentenced for accepting bribes from two Chinese women who attempted to enter WITFIELD Barracks to give food and clothing to Japanese internees. No political motive appears to have been involved in the case.\n\n(vii) Another case has occurred of a Japanese male being harboured by two Chinese females in the Colony. The story behind the headlines in this instance is that the two women were acting on the instructions of a Chinese named HUNG YUN, formerly employed by the Japanese as a detective, and whose whereabouts are known to the Civil Police. The latter are taking appropriate action in regard to HUNG YUN. Meanwhile, NISHI KORA (the harboured Japanese) reposes safely behind bars.\n\n4.\n\nPIRACY.\n\nOn 31st October it was reported that a junk manned by 15 pirates had been seen in the area of TAP NUN (GRASS Island) robbing passenger boats running between TAI PO and Chinese territories. On 28th October the pirates had captured some civilians and nailed them in the hold of a junk, afterwards throwing dynamite into the hold and thus killing the occupants.\n\nAt the same time, information was received that a further attack by the same band of pirates might be made on the village of LAI CHEE CHONG and other inadequately-garrisoned villages. A Commando patrol was accordingly despatched to LAI CHEE CHONG and no incidents have so far been reported.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-6 Reports on current situation- including weekly intelligence reports 18-9-1945 - 20-12-1945.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 580033, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-9 Future Policy in Hong Kong- Port Administration 13-1-1945 - 4-3-1946", "page_number": 200, "title": "CO129-592-9 Future Policy in Hong Kong- Port Administration 13-1-1945 - 4-3-1946", "content_text": "65. As things are, the Government of the Colony may be said to control or administer the Harbour, as they own all the land and have granted the leases under which the piers for shipping have been constructed, and they have laid down mooring buoys for vessels, as well as providing navigation lights. Apart from this there has been very little control or administration, it having been left to private enterprise to do all else that was necessary, and it must be admitted that private enterprise has succeeded to a remarkable degree in meeting the needs of the situation.\n\n66. So far as the Government is concerned, the Harbour is not treated as an entity in itself. As already mentioned it comes within the purview of various officials in so far as their respective general duties impinge upon it. The Director of Public Works, for example, deals with the Harbour among the public works of the Colony, the Land Department issues the pier leases as part of their duty to deal with other leases, while even the Harbour Master is concerned with duties other than those relating strictly to the ordinary duties of such an official.\n\n67. The accounts of the Harbour are not kept separately, so that it is impossible easily to compare the revenue derived from it with the expenditure on it, but it would appear that the revenue from light dues, buoy dues, rents of piers and ferry royalties exceeds any expenditure which should be charged against it.\n\n68. It may be further noted that there does not seem to have been much in the nature of planning for the future development of the Port, although I am bound to mention that Mr. Andrew Nicol, A.M. Inst. C.E. the Engineer in charge of the Harbour Works, has displayed a deal of foresight in many plans which he has prepared for dealing with certain aspects of the physical side of the Port. There has, however, been no officially adopted plan of development, and it is practically impossible for the ordinary civil servant, having regard to his general duties, to do much in that direction.\n\n69. As stated in paragraph 25, Hong Kong owes its trade and prosperity largely to its magnificent Harbour, so much so that it may be said that the Harbour is the Colony and the Colony is the Harbour. Jealous eyes have been cast at it, hence we hear from time to time of schemes for the establishment or improvement of other Ports, with the object of robbing Hong Kong of its trade.\n\n70. All this makes it important that the Port of Hong Kong should be carefully nurtured by keeping its facilities adequate, and, above all, the burden of its charges as light as possible. Here I may remark that I am struck by the lowness of the charges which the principal godown Companies are able to make, they being lower than those at any of the many Ports of which I have knowledge.\n\n71. If things are to remain as they are, the Government presumably would have to renew the pier leases on their expiration, for such further periods as they thought fit and at appropriate rents, which could reasonably be higher than those at present in force, so giving security of tenure to the leaseholders and enabling them to develop as they saw fit in the future.\n\n72. So far as the larger ocean-going vessels are concerned, there would not seem to be any fear that private enterprise would not meet the situation if the leases were renewed, but it has to be remembered that there are other services—coasting and river—that are not in such a satisfactory state as regards their accommodation. There are many piers that have been allowed to get into a bad condition, private enterprise not having dealt with them too kindly. Private enterprise may provide all that is necessary for a section of the trade, but fall short in other directions.\n\n73. I think that the doctrine of \"laissez faire\" well describes what has been the attitude of the Government to the Harbour, and, taking everything into consideration, I am of opinion that, in the best interests of the community and of the Colony in its broadest sense as a source of supply of trade to the Empire at large, it is not desirable to allow matters to remain as they are.\n\n74. The course (b) mentioned in paragraph 63, therefore, requires consideration, that is, whether some improved method of Government control could be devised. One way would be to form a special Government department for the purpose.\n\nPage 200\nPage 201", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-9 Future Policy in Hong Kong- Port Administration 13-1-1945 - 4-3-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 589086, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941", "page_number": 10, "title": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941", "content_text": "65. As things are, the Government of the Colony may be said to control or administer the Harbour, as they own all the land and have granted the leases under which the piers for shipping have been constructed, and they have laid down mooring buoys for vessels, as well as providing navigation lights. Apart from this there has been very little control or administration, it having been left to private enterprise to do all else that was necessary, and it must be admitted that private enterprise has succeeded to a remarkable degree in meeting the needs of the situation.\n\n66. So far as the Government is concerned, the Harbour is not treated as an entity in itself. As already mentioned it comes within the purview of various officials in so far as their respective general duties impinge upon it. The Director of Public Works, for example, deals with the Harbour among the public works of the Colony, the Land Department issues the pier leases as part of their duty to deal with other leases, while even the Harbour Master is concerned with duties other than those relating strictly to the ordinary duties of such an official.\n\n67. The accounts of the Harbour are not kept separately, so that it is impossible easily to compare the revenue derived from it with the expenditure on it, but it would appear that the revenue from light dues, buoy dues, rents of piers and ferry royalties exceeds any expenditure which should be charged against it.\n\n68. It may be further noted that there does not seem to have been much in the nature of planning for the future development of the Port, although I am bound to mention that Mr. Andrew Nicol, A.M. Inst. C.E. the Engineer in charge of the Harbour Works, has displayed a deal of foresight in many plans which he has prepared for dealing with certain aspects of the physical side of the Port. There has, however, been no officially adopted plan of development, and it is practically impossible for the ordinary civil servant, having regard to his general duties, to do much in that direction.\n\n69. As stated in paragraph 25, Hong Kong owes its trade and prosperity largely to its magnificent Harbour, so much so that it may be said that the Harbour is the Colony and the Colony is the Harbour. Jealous eyes have been cast at it, hence we hear from time to time of schemes for the establishment or improvement of other Ports, with the object of robbing Hong Kong of its trade.\n\n70. All this makes it important that the Port of Hong Kong should be carefully nurtured by keeping its facilities adequate, and, above all, the burden of its charges as light as possible. Here I may remark that I am struck by the lowness of the charges which the principal godown Companies are able to make, they being lower than those at any of the many Ports of which I have knowledge.\n\n71. If things are to remain as they are, the Government presumably would have to renew the pier leases on their expiration, for such further periods as they thought fit and at appropriate rents, which could reasonably be higher than those at present in force, so giving security of tenure to the leaseholders and enabling them to develop as they saw fit in the future.\n\n72. So far as the larger ocean-going vessels are concerned, there would not seem to be any fear that private enterprise would not meet the situation if the leases were renewed, but it has to be remembered that there are other services—coasting and river—that are not in such a satisfactory state as regards their accommodation. There are many piers that have been allowed to get into a bad condition, private enterprise not having dealt with them too kindly. Private enterprise may provide all that is necessary for a section of the trade, but fall short in other directions.\n\n73. I think that the doctrine of \"laissez faire\" well describes what has been the attitude of the Government to the Harbour, and, taking everything into consideration, I am of opinion that, in the best interests of the community and of the Colony in its broadest sense as a source of supply of trade to the Empire at large, it is not desirable to allow matters to remain as they are.\n\n74. The course (b) mentioned in paragraph 63, therefore, requires consideration, that is, whether some improved method of Government control could be devised. One way would be to form a special Government department for the purpose.\n\nPage 10\nPage 11", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 589139, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941", "page_number": 63, "title": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941", "content_text": "65. As things are, the Government of the Colony may be said to control or administer the Harbour, as they own all the land and have granted the leases under which the piers for shipping have been constructed, and they have laid down mooring buoys for vessels, as well as providing navigation lights. Apart from this there has been very little control or administration, it having been left to private enterprise to do all else that was necessary, and it must be admitted that private enterprise has succeeded to a remarkable degree in meeting the needs of the situation.\n\n66. So far as the Government is concerned, the Harbour is not treated as an entity in itself. As already mentioned it comes within the purview of various officials in so far as their respective general duties impinge upon it. The Director of Public Works, for example, deals with the Harbour among the public works of the Colony, the Land Department issues the pier leases as part of their duty to deal with other leases, while even the Harbour Master is concerned with duties other than those relating strictly to the ordinary duties of such an official.\n\n67. The accounts of the Harbour are not kept separately, so that it is impossible easily to compare the revenue derived from it with the expenditure on it, but it would appear that the revenue from light dues, buoy dues, rents of piers and ferry royalties exceeds any expenditure which should be charged against it.\n\n68. It may be further noted that there does not seem to have been much in the nature of planning for the future development of the Port, although I am bound to mention that Mr. Andrew Nicol, A.M. Inst. C.E. the Engineer in charge of the Harbour Works, has displayed a deal of foresight in many plans which he has prepared for dealing with certain aspects of the physical side of the Port. There has, however, been no officially adopted plan of development, and it is practically impossible for the ordinary civil servant, having regard to his general duties, to do much in that direction.\n\n69. As stated in paragraph 25, Hong Kong owes its trade and prosperity largely to its magnificent Harbour, so much so that it may be said that the Harbour is the Colony and the Colony is the Harbour. Jealous eyes have been cast at it, hence we hear from time to time of schemes for the establishment or improvement of other Ports, with the object of robbing Hong Kong of its trade.\n\n70. All this makes it important that the Port of Hong Kong should be carefully nurtured by keeping its facilities adequate, and, above all, the burden of its charges as light as possible. Here I may remark that I am struck by the lowness of the charges which the principal Godown Companies are able to make, they being lower than those at any of the many Ports of which I have knowledge.\n\n71. If things are to remain as they are, the Government presumably would have to renew the pier leases on their expiration, for such further periods as they thought fit and at appropriate rents, which could reasonably be higher than those at present in force, so giving security of tenure to the leaseholders and enabling them to develop as they saw fit in the future.\n\n72. So far as the larger ocean-going vessels are concerned, there would not seem to be any fear that private enterprise would not meet the situation if the leases were renewed, but it has to be remembered that there are other services coasting and river that are not in such a satisfactory state as regards their accommodation. There are many piers that have been allowed to get into a bad condition, private enterprise not having dealt with them too kindly. Private enterprise may provide all that is necessary for a section of the trade, but fall short in other directions.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 594880, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946", "page_number": 150, "title": "CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946", "content_text": "## 11 \n\n65. As things are, the Government of the Colony may be said to control or administer the Harbour, as they own all the land and have granted the leases under which the piers for shipping have been constructed, and they have laid down mooring buoys for vessels, as well as providing navigation lights. Apart from this, there has been very little control or administration, it having been left to private enterprise to do all else that was necessary, and it must be admitted that private enterprise has succeeded to a remarkable degree in meeting the needs of the situation.\n\n66. So far as the Government is concerned, the Harbour is not treated as an entity in itself. As already mentioned, it comes within the purview of various officials in so far as their respective general duties impinge upon it. The Director of Public Works, for example, deals with the Harbour among the public works of the Colony, the Land Department issues the pier leases as part of their duty to deal with other leases, while even the Harbour Master is concerned with duties other than those relating strictly to the ordinary duties of such an official.\n\n67. The accounts of the Harbour are not kept separately, so that it is impossible easily to compare the revenue derived from it with the expenditure on it, but it would appear that the revenue from light dues, buoy dues, rents of piers, and ferry royalties exceeds any expenditure which should be charged against it.\n\n68. It may be further noted that there does not seem to have been much in the nature of planning for the future development of the Port, although I am bound to mention that Mr. Andrew Nicol, A.M. Inst. C.E., the Engineer in charge of the Harbour Works, has displayed a deal of foresight in the plans which he has prepared for dealing with certain aspects of the physical side of the Port. There has, however, been no officially adopted plan of development, and it is practically impossible for the ordinary civil servant, having regard to his general duties, to do much in that direction.\n\n69. As stated in paragraph 25, Hong Kong owes its trade and prosperity largely to its magnificent Harbour, so much so that it may be said that the Harbour is the Colony and the Colony is the Harbour. Jealous eyes have been cast at it, hence we hear from time to time of schemes for the establishment or improvement of other Ports, with the object of robbing Hong Kong of its trade.\n\n70. All this makes it important that the Port of Hong Kong should be carefully nurtured by keeping its facilities adequate, and, above all, the burden of its charges as light as possible. Here I may remark that I am struck by the lowness of the charges which the principal Godown Companies are able to make, they being lower than those at any of the many Ports of which I have knowledge.\n\n71. If things are to remain as they are, the Government presumably would have to renew the pier leases on their expiration, for such further periods as they thought fit and at appropriate rents, which could reasonably be higher than those at present in force, so giving security of tenure to the leaseholders and enabling them to develop as they saw fit in the future.\n\n72. So far as the larger ocean-going vessels are concerned, there would not seem to be any fear that private enterprise would not meet the situation if the leases were renewed, but it has to be remembered that there are other services, coasting and river, that are not in such a satisfactory state as regards their accommodation. There are many piers that have been allowed to get into a bad condition, private enterprise not having dealt with them too kindly. Private enterprise may provide all that is necessary for a section of the trade, but fall short in other directions.\n\nPage 150\nPage 151", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]