[
    {
        "id": 225274,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-020 - Sir John Davis - 1847 [5-8]",
        "page_number": 152,
        "title": "CO129-020 - Sir John Davis - 1847 [5-8]",
        "content_text": "II\n\ndecount d & Charles St Souge Olwety,\n\nGeorge Cleverly peling televial\n\n\"account of the Goverment of Hong Kong, H. W's. Gistematic Yekarlment;\n\nRents,\n\nicenses\n\nBulance on the 1st of April 1904 mohort 1,072 1e qu\n\nde\n\nRevenue\n\nInterval Revenue.\n\nOn Land\n\n\"\n\ndo\n\nand for Buildings. £ çing tin\n\n– do for cultivation £401784\n\ndo de\n\ndo\n\nWhinese Villages.\n\nBeposits\n\nས་\n\nSand Sold.\n\nOn Markets.\n\nBuildings Fisheries. Opium Farm -\n\nSpirit Retailers.\n\nI Drety. Anction Party @ 247/0.\n\nIII | Yox. Police Assessment -\n\nI\n\nVI\n\nV II\n\nII\n\nVI\n\nV II\n\nVIII\n\nVI\n\nIX\n\nSees of Courts.\n\nFoes of Office\n\nForfeitures.\n\ntimes\n\nOn Lease and Feed Registry\n\n\"\n\n产\n\nBurials_\n\nTransfer of Licenses.\n\n14.10.15\n\n3G13 2.\n\nور اس پر کو رونا کو\n\nSignatures to from Colonial secretary Registry\n\nof Beats anistonkers.\n\nFrom Supreme Court -\n\n\"\n\n\"\n\nEines Magistrate of Police\n\nMarina ellagistrate\n\nRegistrar General.\n\nFrom Chief Magistrate of toive\n\nMarine Magistrate. Superintendent of Police\n\nFrom Chief Magietrate of Police-\n\n1- Farber Master rellarine Magistrate\n\n7,599 15 04 8672 13\n\n1.082 436\n\n427\n\n17029\n\n2\n\n40791702\n\n1,319|.\n\n591175\n\n1,300\n\n18104\n\n50 10\n\n158\n\n32\n\n47 14 2 2401685\n\n८५\n\n274\n\n22 Pi\n\n115 5\n\n21414 79/0\n\n358\n\n30411\n\n2/024 29612 95\n\n571 19165\n\n2536\n\n7\n\nCarried forward £ 37, 13,313\n\nEstablished Salaries.\n\nGovernor-\n\nAide de Camp.\n\nbetonial secretary-\n\nColonial Treasurer.\n\nAuditor General_\n\nClerk of Councils.\n\nChaplain\n\nSurveyor General\n\nHastouseMaster.\n\nRegistrar General.\n\nSupreme Court an allomey General __\n\nFolies and Marine Magistrates and Sherift Colonial Surgeon\n\n—Supplementary Salaries—\n\nEcclesiastical –\n\nJudicial.\n\nPolice, Magistrates and Sheriff's\n\nWages_\n\nGeneral Department-\n\nSurveyor Generals - Harbour Master__\n\nGun Beat Grew\n\nSupreme Court. Police Force, Jailers ye.\n\nSexten in leurial Grund Sice firs\n\nOrdinary Contingencies_\n\nGeneral Gehartrient-\n\nColonial Secretary.\n\nColonial Treasures.\n\nTinditor General.\n\nCheck of Connoits. Chaplain. Surveyor General Harbour. Haster.\n\nYour Beat Registrar Gene. Judicial\n\n\"Police.\n\nMedical_\n\nrac\n\n  \n    A\n    1500\n  \n  \n    B\n    75\n  \n  \n    \n    7507\n  \n  \n    KOA\n    \n  \n  \n    Q\n    \n  \n  \n    R\n    \n  \n  \n    S\n    456\n  \n  \n    \n    6270\n  \n  \n    \n    17518\n  \n  \n    \n    58710\n  \n  \n    \n    225\n  \n  \n    \n    212 10\n  \n  \n    \n    149\n  \n  \n    \n    012\n  \n  \n    \n    147\n  \n  \n    \n    125\n  \n  \n    \n    6,556 3 11\n  \n  \n    \n    25\n  \n  \n    \n    16.2\n  \n  \n    \n    39 11 8\n  \n  \n    \n    83192\n  \n  \n    \n    115\n  \n  \n    V\n    197\n  \n  \n    \n    132\n  \n  \n    WV\n    2512\n  \n  \n    \n    1741711\n  \n  \n    \n    20|11|10\n  \n  \n    \n    15179\n  \n  \n    \n    4125\n  \n  \n    ឋឋ\n    \n  \n  \n    it\n    77 2414\n  \n  \n    \n    214\n  \n  \n    \n    16\n  \n  \n    \n    4528\n  \n  \n    \n    123 10\n  \n  \n    \n    1514\n  \n  \n    \n    57043 3316\n  \n  \n    a rot 2\n    \n  \n  \n    Carried forwa\n    10661182\n  \n  \n    \n    9,217 3 12",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-020 - Sir John Davis - 1847 [5-8].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 262740,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-106 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1865 [8-9]",
        "page_number": 342,
        "title": "CO129-106 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1865 [8-9]",
        "content_text": "## THE DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY AUGUST 1965\n\nIN THE SUPREME COURT OF HONG KONG\n\nthe acting Attorney General formally presented the case.\n\nTUM\n\nWows Arurdwand Cunniline. How critic, wither be rug use, RACANY to 1 Quorem wede ja abia cenu!\n\nby amann othut Jerice, if the tenny, which Re very touch dobe, die He is to colon se wire Bosk\n\n'To Lei.\n\n2713 omdat psico. Spratly or in Waltres special two-storied Godorum Hiland on the Primu close for Monate. 1. Hupy, outer was perf M\n\n21 Best of Meesce Gibb, Livingst, & 60,\n\nAppl\n\nENFORD & O\n\nFor Sale.\n\nEXORATOR. PARLARE.\n\nnines Sail Femmes B. Wii U of James Tuila\n\nHenty, in Hid by Axrorud Skin i. Bile, the inlene hran\n\nAda |\n\nmil\n\nFor Sale.\n\nWALL PAPER, of different patterns\n\nLAMMERT ATZINGON A GE\n\n9 Bengkong, 11th July. D5665.\n\n-- NEW CALINIURIATMOATS,\n\nWhite Male Barille. Ladis Fashivele li Rehner, is at Clack\n\nMuk Estic Kit Glowny, de vente per mišri\n\n1758 +2, 26 July, 1966,\n\n--16, 20\n\nsaid Wong Strong our fa Alyce Builder 150 Tipping, Cure, 15.\n\ngigin ritused on a basin, sive credetion of angi\n\n********* + LIST OF HOLD... the virus of af every hid the Sint ser inte bereof to pruce Lier theic clits TOMIZAM she is by be done the Lot of word and PARINIC LOT NO. 185 siteated esraw the lindore of the portusing by tee Jo-band ef 5 Cibany Sector 1 orang, Print, Fenuraga 120 rive? the whole political pond foaring Lo Mucker and over aantal interest 50,70 feet\n\nFor Paris, noply to 1619 Qllion in the Ren, 2nd find grafite these! paw wing vờ là\n\nhat no Tube 38, at 67-. This was like sivon, em ciment met\n\nCethi pendest bande? io. Prit you! That Watdhere wither art i Let of Gora) REK İTEMİnce will be and par roRRIL Pmmixas |\n\nalimevine\n\nLased the ith day if June, I HÃN,\n\nPI MAZELAND, Crown Poikat, Sprazse t'bars Floșua\n\nponte Exeggut te themid Deerce This the ice an the slatamine published in presidente für mühital leuinney, we pretend that Noch 13ton Berlin B'ame of Monday Topky. The joint Sind of political peristirauzito mmsplate and ¦\n\n2 was a (bimargan, angazed at se merah pez ¦ soarchive sa propustion to the politimil Indagine Death a thin was te-fer hia do we e-the time of the safetcher, at mental. Ens while of the wrath. I was in tay chân, whaết kho minit facturilting these are al maaż, when pha sirrak. ↑ End vermeintó en deck; the roles of aperosive latimay, that the tmekih 13:15 25. The chief officer was no desk at hammaitišs of the ouso require at it the na The Hon. When we strups the tide we zonningthilation of the political influrane of the thin\n\n3. Beat the only offices in of the sumption facty, me tepress var ATE: Watts on the month lard of the & Worked hope that the Ararins ument may CITORAGS may la bed in das fun GRA Tha pink shann? The answer. The gone bey the men da to this malier in mak sut maruple to 98, 12) SITS MODOWY8, under Mesen, Bowrat\n\nsom, the hewing thracht went snerul et following tin bail example vs have int & Cela Oker, Janga Weste\n\nPD-\n\nbesar 9 miles W, of Gutaki lemn, met in Gris the gunichaorac, of pic\n\nhow pur ai the Engelsolent. & alaleak in the lived disquitostira thers Du\n\nWe at 1.55 cm. The ah 1116 removal is tim allenal, spīdenda splinting\n\nwas wete aking at the sloan. Wie we sterke, Kér, Dariu rad Kr. Menjanin ko sāc ammalanandirm\n\nJ 1351\n\nStorage.\n\nBORAGE,\n\npartia moyle to\n\nLANTATION ♣ tìu. Broky, Jely, 13\n\n***** UNINTERAGE AND STORAGE. ****\n\n8 Bndervigovt will modertake to lush Cut j 1.\n\nWhon et druck. That would fart ways of Mr. Langeln, or 018 in the ing of the bar Badets and kar rodine phth the sama te fuit heas vary strutiva, opal Not/lem eius-Tat there be red for thema I that on his plane thart Werk the punish it fairly found elty, their own to see the rai e. The rate was thiet all that night with petuity patentined in fun. But logs in fascines that dunsæirnal clear intervala. We pay the four Fight in 4-4-one pic lead slow, abrose who wreck.\n\nthe Actions overnement vinafoxtet are its tale carme. power god ite plamenes, hitherty na elemolly short throughout this m\n\npilate\n\nBORT. & WALKER $ 20. Prae. 4th and 1863\n\nK. Serið vit of the India Rock, sid: to such us as the iTEAGE, ona be bus in Grantle Unde\n\n1GA\n\nandling Huntington How Long love foto dhe i orchellaity of Quar's Road 11\n\nPombe given the the fut\n\nut\n\nApply\n\nABSINBBOY MATHABLOY A UV.\n\n£ *ing ffomplete. 1716 May, 196\n\nBoad,\n\nAered in a central puition in law's like forme kugejaten ErdalwooA, Apply\n\nty to\n\nGIRS LIVINGSTON 4. US,\n\n981 Bobek, tand there. 18,\n\nEVOKE ASH COAL 2.41 sal!\n\nAndesit tho moha un cha\n\nand CDs Cur Festraller has 1' intues\n\nRon. Liz Houghnan, 2741 they. 15.\n\nand\n\n-- 200 Cod Nagar\n\n20 Bamenda Shil' Better\n\nPlate He\n\nhot napros\n\nEn fiscu\n\nFrant Roses, furs.\n\napply w\n\nNULLER I OLAFSSES.\n\ndegli utes the risin 125 Banglang, 2716 demon. Is\n\nBrant Fair. Apple\n\nAWUTH ARCHEN A. UO.\n\n1973 Hongkong. Via duly, 1968,\n\nPOR SALE\n\nCourt the Boone\n\nFor Sale\n\nFanted,\n\n12 invica of White Wine, ventining\n\nA\n\nPlayer.\n\nBLiu=Äiryihu:r.\n\nHolder\n\nSing Kn\n\nLAY & Cu\n\nJes\n\n1 1997 Strugkong. With fun. 1786,\n\nRoyal Traning of stooty-bound S\n\neating of\n\nblood's Memorite.\n\nSugar Talie Twis\n\nIT W\n\nFrank Polar\n\nMaurice you\n\nPur Surin Hres\n\nHär july's Meilė.\n\nfred Mytaty.\n\nMislandReMAG.\n\nSasha Buy.\n\nH\n\n1. Ma\n\nRuban Mill.\n\nhalshei\n\n16.\n\nStambe\n\nkcjuesin\n\nMand, & Rym of Honma Storrien, Porst, d'incert. Tipuram, Sr. An\n\nYHO HET A to.\n\na mekong eth Mey, G.\n\nREAL ILAVANA USUA 155 dealing art s\n\napezio ya AYANA, w picast uppisis. Peopren of de ret d'Bauge.\n\nHongkong, 3rd October, 1\n\nA BRIDAN Tap uggies and Harney.\n\nIN THE SUPREME COURT OF HONG KONG.\n\nASTELLÀTE JURNYCHEN.\n\n1802\n\nHEY, Appelt. z. 1.1-%PNER, Royanini. A EL or Coste\n\nAug 11th 75 Beleinet............. \n\nbridgwa\n\nChristine Matana.\n\nHaish A White's Horaitors and Car\n\nBar\n\nUcpb-towding Carblown and Car-\n\nNow Halas\n\nJahn Kerchwoni's Lagaay,\n\nseals.\n\nwilgen.\n\nand e fal aviv slu.\n\n11\n\n30 barrels Ty DEKAT\n\nSark Pictionary\n\n109 Bargond's Cebuan.\n\n100 pana, Clavul,\n\nBranty.\n\nWap-asi los 11 Tow Shipbone ol Opera,\n\nFor in When\n\nmut, Selz July, căni,\n\nAT THE MAMLS, AND LAVITE GIRA23 NICHOL\n\nGinkley Heart, ita 3\n\nDear Ms Papa'\n\ndie Spri Gazdag, suitabin fur jumtheshaver oriolum in zạn vừw the whole busbuat.\n\napply to\n\n1. NOW HOJEK\n\n:bout to 1$ (), a. Un mm (16h, July 1965.\n\ntrendition of this ufen, had dintainen fumust be the Free Consul at duties and dug Eve-aghaimile of comeings sirength. Mr. Unik Shea pot in the praizng dễ an beroditzes prieve The whose children met set up e claim re they seep-\n\nwing of the Lelie Garth. I hid tifant. I was on lesk when the prank. for obesen mitte). That is as siguture. migaie kurky wann whim pátek.\n\n2nd I hank self at about th Inet vant nf the Soud T\n\nCow be limo hits The Heuring witter benciagani? tem, and gas balwynn Të fal, and a falla. The¦unan háu arvid Hera Togstd in Las parta Seve silat won deck armyding a Getin mhaft of me\n\nnxise\n\nnil sevic1950 kerak.\n\nUeberal\n\nBULAT A DO\n\nFind t\n\nALISHMENT.\n\nstock of fusion fraus nad ellers nat\n\nmi tyllawz si ¡Curta CleNu, 2 in Lance ni falan napki\n\n-N. 2 Marila\n\nCh-2\n\n-N\n\nin the Qera's Hond\n\n| Qubules then, thh thosher, L. HOUKE at Wis corner Polynomialund atau and Alerter Sets SF Orgas sa bounties of as juh\n\nApply\n\nBAY 4 C\n\n778 voksing, sech Juno, Elñ\n\ndis B\n\nA. DE AXEVEDO Slary 6, 1955.\n\nAwacasion can be given all tema.\n\nApplyin\n\nchai, bering Yes fromag\n\nk 100,000 pecula to Uranics Gran, The night who think, met dienend un att was Amasened, a cinne frapriyononang for two gene\n\nwon to hit Lion\n\nLoft for Farm' were her half a male art. Fruta se ne in a heavy within them lepity ficha was 112,000. 34.00 time befel riu sil alteratione ta iñe rovran | fiammdias felines. As for General Yes, we front 1 (9,000 and 10,000 phula vapecity. mens synde lap the risk. The chorus per mat chekje in not bear that be in likely to ba zied. It may\n\nApply arate hueyproendor of the lan to was this the\n\nYADONIU & fo\n\nsedež josed the Falls Hankh be a refellss of big surrender reccted; thazine. 29th Art, 1803.\n\nFAME Marr add-I belang is the firm is only senda military tribanals. Has it will Mat, Mass & Co. Mao nútilin Gaita Punkk's de su fátalu mistake for this Amarjan Garen. pilte had been in the Mieszank for more. Rest aliand is seem to kmak na handcrabin msbeslan i\n\nin druik dievny these\n\nvor. The Captain winloyed the pilot on raiding, ang de Bu\n\nafo de Bic Amil B\n\neranon dating of the gramadore has with its who will have Burping Hut Orneral Ice in 4- name of the few, Sua loka Anet and black cepting thatarem profereal him by General Grant.\n\nThe meter to the Zing wakunellen that run bison Anti den on there\n\ncha vile was concretant to take charge. Captia | Kich of the Government at Washington. Voitib\n\nHard.\n\nROYAL HOTEL.\n\nSMACAO.\n\nat studenty Mutal, mitad\n\nPraja Buče, and convsiolog, mors airy\n\nF\n\nHO TEIK SHEN, in the Juda house, Elgin Stewk ja 1, od Zum, test.\n\n*** Reserved a Frat Jendea of\n\nwerd eer and timp Works\n\nBOWRA & (3.\n\n4 1804 Wenzhong Lakh July 18th,\n\n\"BOUND and well stances PORT FIE\n\nOperior seality as 80 per dora.\n\nApply to VAUCHER A tio.\n\nU15 Fong, 1415 March, 1BUS\n\nPOF BALE BY THE UNDERSIGNED. *** Anke aru platz.\n\nPet Tiber and Marks.\n\nKidgenore de én,\n\ndil\n\nBaler Pinas mul. Päristä. Naila, wote kiza.\n\ntar\n\nGURPIEN MEARD A Q\n\nHongkong, 17% July 1805 Just landed ex St, Lowi,\"\n\nMothern arzivnie Latizo.\n\n160TR PADIES. HE Dric and beak! THAT Bri\n\n¡D SOLA\n\nX N, Q's harp RACKAY NUES Cakes vad Ixora Bun\n\ningerlag. Apply to\n\nATKA.\n\nTANG ALOR 77 Huge, A. Parte 16.\n\nA. BOTER\n\nCantenas! 105% Mouse, tark Juos, ¡nus.\n\nAN 13055, abreast WHARPAGH AND HODOWNA, * \n\nA WARTHI WHARU, with or wilboat\n\nof the Throw comparish where elabor\n\ncan te bied word change.\n\nmis might bir karm busier klippa hamurable understuives cadetin et socity ramon dark, eta arra le not her. elves, will be 21 true policy for Mr. Febo monded for its aculation. to invalide and don't know the pilti\n\nCar Ren, temi me feel at the Averaged and seality outrea the pilota. The head pi'ne www uzat no bound by is Government, Borisave won kirs to mine wat!\n\nIggy's Cabina),\n\nthe war, and the uthet was gut by Mr. bagi inipla in, and\n\n30MITTEY\n\nST facin $25 Apr 1929\n\nRIFTE ROTEL\n\nQURENS GOAD, VIIST.\n\nTesme Moderate\n\nMarried Couple; jam No25- Single\n\nThe the Hot was in sharps I 5d 10\n\n10 sena webus pelasimlas, with fewer inoltant at chitty bility, and well mit have thunght of fotorfaring and rage mi the pros of tha vinkors than nay whe with Min. priniet in thick visher Ines ia lürtme can akon, ertad by a palies a sur pela for ship, an lạp xy a gapeval charge tonin Shan vished ordinary pliuy as of the omare more ziwa by the pilot, dan obair porce to tom pang than the purpos enland and and it had ben many bandingy victor-it onto y p elter the conrea in tan vaidle wares, je i den gammle populue Omenomana (muling the way yue half a print or a prane. I should me have meninisty and levity, suis already od tamil cited.\n\nthe www in fentilado Bourage, that we earnished\n\n| Scent the Amazingas pomis to do all to their por\n\nA ducho made to beater providing\n\nany longue iban two punthe\n\n6. P. BENSOWA 1. SHAS\n\nApply to\n\nBig Couple 244 Blends, 1858.\n\nGarter of Wellingen wel 19 Aguilar Straps,\n\nHAB juive by late Mail tim blowing\n\nundicia...\n\nPrinted Musline for Salvarer Danm\n\nWe do plain for Ju\n\n901 Onch and Cerradict\n\nRizet elly Tuse Headete,\n\nBook Silk Monties\n\n45 Ledion and Children\n\net fashion,\n\nTHE OFFICE and Emad Sues and other\n\nnar of Welingt and herd Street Parsle\n\nWeak ire\n\nCharmi EN\n\nPoudel Vares,\n\nChanna Mug\n\nLes Diun\n\n11-1\n\nan Etnice of Cruysa & Blackwelle Dilaware Store\n\n$1 Overland Nail Shokes, and Sweda,\n\nPARK & va 15ay Dongsong, 6th July, 1858.\n\nDEVOLVER B, and\n\nP\n\nTE\n\nYusibor Accoutmupants. for Fates, Áu\n\nSeit lieth, (bow great..\n\nCut Mag, 1.3, 1. 9. nad 1 fret, vivo.\n\nAu Lovaine of Bell-bangirqa\n\nTel. 20, 12, 36, 40, nuð ák le. figlio, veli\n\nfi.\n\nKing, sith Bayon\n\nBerulating Hill Chebures.\n\nSim Pattern Spacial Ki\n\nDouble Navy Cabins, Swivel Beds from L'ali.\n\naber Torry.\n\nLOWRA & Or.\n\n1 162 Tongkang, bra July, 1665.\n\n¿Murein in quarts and its\n\nFNGLISH NO\n\nA larga smartment of Breakfast Clazzes, Vilau- Ikan Jerawat Sur Suluan\n\nBased from vintage of Mayaia of Hur!\n\nچھا کھا کر رہے لیئے\n\nLAMMERT, ATKINSON & C\n\nા 99 hu to 24 Yra sud\n\nJust resaved, wire B\n\nIN OLD PALE BRANDY\n\nAle poz\n\nJ. Kudaan & On,'n Brundy. $10 per Ona.\n\n| Olies khljarnan, g? per daa.\n\nULARETS.\n\n| Breasturi ask, er de\n\nMerays Morina, $44 par Que\n\n8. Raton St. Kilim and 9 Zoophe, do naci\n\nTená a presont le dba eccnpzion of Merera In a teremy Hole gee. in Mont Reuseres and Want Hare,\n\n$0.\n\n¦ Pastekaoter zud Server.\n\n150\n\nFar purtiem apply in\n\ny\n\n10.\n\n16 litung, 7th\n\n- \n\nThe Aperatura Large and bity, and wih\n\n· H\n\ni vozy embora Casa, containing & Bass\n\nBa\n\nAapry as face of die Paper,\n\ndoves and cathcurex, compridog Xt!\n\nThis our coins their wich thick weather it or in formints Bhis shasan ghatween and maket van Sally supplot well az dejo. Stridine.for three ones, a citruse!\n\nwould hawa horn wore prudent to bere anchored • centick with a eley m genervus thus it may he\n\nBut the washer alerted, no tad having fees deth fan and makeling mo at their foes. The be froix\n\nlogone a Lighterḥing and ship bara malind is soe vespesitta was so interprys thin\n\nwas beat through an areas in pigment, augen Cretinem. 14: them interprat le triba as weak allece un barb Teen site for the amnge heatating veira whiring a\n\nbene, 17h Jaly, 1865,\n\nASTOR HOUSE HOTEL,*****\n\nSHANGHAI. subed in S\n\nses of heat ce- North Daily Herityisil insscert in Ho Chi Mi\n\nwhich shall and only induta lie aver Frasines 6\n\nThe Treatment of the Hovalva Kiviky\n\nthe Nock.\n\nthe even give, Se the beamediate gregent, my\n\nfirst-ime furile Sokol in pomurgnased,\n\nPaged in it own graurők, it in po-\n\nmuch frein so be without expiry comfort and trenians\n\nLiis altres her for those who have selenjing in this clar. opptareve, to thons aan band julierly healthy and need in hinggis role Chemian, advice in the aut i hon fielding for the wine of the apparent,\n\nLinea, and it is so much adrien uocally esen 6igatop wita ma-The per\n\nHas an in. Fadi popot so batus of ananasam\n\npertama severance of the wal genities of te\n\nstaro otrained hithuria from bowl. ; \n\ning the crowd of patienter sansellore of America, !\n\nIf hazar, the people : shri United Statan will i\n\nfun to 2 Kegljah is at all, they may GOVERNMENT. LEGAL AND\n\nach a gun to that of\n\nwho here brid verunt'y tu sbale mocno while t\n\noch vill meantzinicý sad zarten! ignaming co\n\nAn o, xd who Yuma Yujulani la tènir m\n\ncer ble lagt need the\n\non with for rikiuly ma tome sited the tank!\n\n6. fur cost be too hip nt all degran, in f\n\npating in war plea for aderatiza in victory a\n\nrols which so fitta mule appro-i Arion\n\npriate the tenet that ir, fees faire sored ise svanging it\n\nbeing four content?\n\nPan, the hollowness of whide thr\n\ndomusdur tili azt flizeugh in a mout\n\nCONSULAR NOTICES\n\nIN THE SOPREME OVOR OF\n\nTONGLONG.\n\nCileriyent Pousasutus, Praag,\n\nrd\n\nof Hype Huracany Uma\n\ntending wider the\n\nand 12. Okka asp Öpmeyne tot Frudunt.\n\n11\n\nBEREAR an Aativus murdin\n\nIn in place, shen, we got urge de\n\nte\n\nthe Coat Ribe it the ke s\n\ny l'hom-bhoy alnut za\n\ne bloed |\n\nAmands of forteren te tus of langlich preesdens. Kyzurine Safranur Gal rowing an Enced\n\nRazmik, aut Lastris base basen witów die land for to project the age of Frosinoned by\n\nin\n\nEine Apartacuse are Medios and away Furnisho The Table waily up), and the\n\nle, all ughed with the choice Win a\n\n| Spirte-impratā dienņa.\n\nflat\n\nkobani ka for Ezard by the munch on\n\nMajas sash Carringe on Livogy and lera. Jason Camper mia plese pixies, 40-\n\nutiectulio lbs Hol\n\nBaiba cirnos pimey.\n\nThe Somehow fridge in kolom 4: Baudega,\n\nしてMATS\n\n.. MADON\n\nProprietor\n\n.6bu Unike is mades the dreador of Caspariancad Kronal excke.\n\nblondes-hurge $100 Fblic Dates and Tali Numers smppbel of 1264 27.4 Shanghai, 2nd March, 1965,\n\nOTEL DES COLONIER\n\nHONAM, CANTOS.\n\nar 1070 Benchng, 16h Tang, 1885, BUTO ZA LET DE SOLD\n\nSTAR HUUSK God 2000WNE, at perut soupled by Howwes, Junday & tal Apply to the Manager af Ban Bane of Hirla. t+.. \n\n198 Hoogkung, 25dı May, juos,\n\nThe Prop OWN \"ALI; Ph...\" hay. | ng Fans of Righty these foot at Wengin Rodag hitters and of on andret and foca. A burunea at coming parfarini kamu vs alone kutua aquesta featu\n\nAantal Bread (ma 21233.6.\n\nFor Pristine purligabuen uppelz ko\n\nTHE LIVINGTON D #beng Wih Priruary, 1964.\n\n***NOTICE OF RIGÓVÁL\n\ntybine kod Calerud Cicamel.\n\nColer things in Tel.\n\nThread Socks, Erst quality,\n\nLim Shirts and Cullers!\", \n\nTreatief Ardy Hate,\n\nwed\n\nRemchid Eugliah Peglunes. Trailing Bag\n\nAlse\n\nper do\n\n¡ Chataan Palmer and Tašken, $10 pử Jez.\n\n: Chau,pagan, satin, in quarte au pines.\n\nOlagte to wood.\n\nS. Jumilion, Juliem, apuk 154. Besophis,\n\nApply\n\nlike Hongkong, 5th Marril, bang\n\nA well bleed furnies de Blame\n\nEthertona. 3rd April, 1962.\n\nHandül\n\nNEW GOODS\n\nnext!\n\nEX \"TARFIX\" \"BANIAN \"EATHS. 73.s?:Y?LDS\"\n\nSew Bucks, weil selecta.\n\nTitle and Floor Hoe be the vizele\n\nOCT\n\nPany Car\n\na\n\nDany Baturajand\n\nCite! Wy\n\n||JA_BOUSTELA, has removed in Sianlay\n\n1 street, two lanes from Fastinger Street. În\n\nFear of iba tornaertiul Buck\n\nIf 1815 Hongkong Jacz le\n\nTHE Busine of the Melis B and Seat\n\nWater Mufiny c\n\nrevamped to the upparit fit of the Road,\n\ntl coupled v Messrs HotAY, Wase & Co., natriu Muzeju. Trucar & Co. and Mentre, BILET & Co.\n\n17 Honghena, a June, 1995. THE HOUSE, in the Gun Road,\n\nABAY 1.ANDANG BER eined and theat it Menarik kebilder, Wise & Ch\n\nti\n\n1323\n\nis Premis is enver\n\nTURVER & C Hongkong. Si Kay. I milă,\n\nNE\n\nCatriski Tom Chasin\n\nMemalise in iyon, Briting, Des\n\nPauta and S\n\n신디오XT 살리고,\n\nJellip\n\ncncbair.\n\nfaper Hangings, reckly chatur.\n\nPlaner Vand thiet Butle\n\nShine Histor\n\nMala Gas\n\nPild til i TUZON.\n\nLANG, CRAWFORD & U\n\n* 1956 Tow Song. 17ta Jun 1865,\n\n11TERN Hops of all sizes.\n\nBrigit artik\n\nVerma.\n\nkai de, str. Casa. Mikill and phrase: „Pranck's juegos Espuelli\n\nTE DANIJA Shapine.\n\nZia Au\n\nCAMMER, ATKINSON &\n\n40 (gong, 1ých Juan, can. DAVID. \"Ohrine and thus. Cum Hard Ter\n\nJ'aimky, Linment GI! and Purpentine\n\nyou say never wiha mubal lesdner. Cho anty loved and friars and Why Gout, for dying to Toe die Public Part she had changel precedent the ac mau yukidnon, is any anan meen 1 mages for managerpaing certain there: the my that of Hate! iso findings. For\n\nhipones parties, witch we can pleach, is Horeban; and Statua\n\nComm-tip 5.5. azove stablishment with almars be kept with our fastment in the brzo of the Potato-Gapittel, tarpainst\n\nfree in Ch 13 the anal dacis shit squforts. Not indick of\n\nmachine Eng Toure be Baba in Iran. Al these the eye of Defends what mid shaver sus Eefendant be actasun will be shared in the faute d'itheadhan ratus Bodine u\n\nAnauce, that is in totally need to Hape. padaltem is ev slight that the prunedenk juny he! or actes Sena de Vinili se pridjor flares. to boost nasies in disc sējam directivul. A varral¦ Os prlos shareef; and time raulay paid by 'ibo Bear in attenten on arrival at Herer Stemmer ndvatur his autor for Henry, willak wid korenitor\n\nfar netenden at talmát ábree num, proposing to disopter it me Plaintiff for t\n\nat Iris\n\ntear Ball Bea; de chavez Phuseneste ta the Hotel, tree of sEnego, and soul fatima mokier. De $25 per viomac fr nespreted Mr. Sinis O'Brien for the Pole-incere far te bere izen by the Kadome Lasne will aka Silke Beariera \"st. Stanger anil $29 for? szer.\n\nT. HARINY Garden Rebellion, what pandant should we | Pole the Thement of my tue from the moderato luxion. late indicted on him if he`trat, ben er agminasful | Plažati to the Defendant: nad it being alleged¦ Mr. Jetorean Ladis — monii pot field an un- that the mht Bycunjee Hormujee Deuna dega mot t\n\nPendeng in Judia w roeide wishin this folyad na je de\n\nTHE P\n\nVAL LANDINE,\n\nKaroger.\n\nSM SWAT Frogs fiz okresent struth asi matiunny. ! Writ of Yonaga áthassants, ) Fra 2016 Couten, 27th July, 1850.\n\nLavio jasued\n\nTHE EASTERN PRIVATE\n\nFAMILY HOTEL.\n\n142 enge, Jetli Awil, 1005.\n\nFor Sale.\n\n'UNE STRİNEERS 1657\n\nsapoys and exccasid valanez bositation a webus torvable nu slík firem any of dupsi arah, stone-i\n\nvilian retoma ather she rabellion had ingejin Zestonjeo kapuciiarýni Neris of Vlabria, in Ben the Peas simture. Az example, the deliny on Brezhong. Marchet, and withic nets a low waste. Y e In Faring Hand and there arly lead of the places Fadies. dba, bulerardengs nes dartsinly not kerplamikdo į same plate, alarphanie, sky Canisters,\n\nJ\n\nour Propria fe how this BOOK JOANNES 1857, Cams of\n\nà vishing this Pet and the poshte semenity, the br\n\nSPARKLING WELLS KOMPA\n\nBOOK EHRYSPREITEIN. CALE, in Cush\n\nthan the man of the Bouth. Again aut noly were Notes is hereby given thareut and testbed his prins uppste e tuls the bars of the Reach pepelin 1945 cases time hefte nje in akis, unto the forcibly to the thousan Club, bad then, but new last and to beat code só pranja Rocca Care, darurier Boss in the viraniay of 11.X. of 1 arzon. hlari Enst Mehon 204 Mr. Hallam, shhör;anid, or say too on bẩy beha) w give the\n\nBead Ford (juven's Food, Eat. The Ronna absolutely justify one intimate their bidu ja Pavony i zamurity and miljer mod file the sapretencë e” piem í of the bayering za judiamus. Ailer the groak bejuteve ny thin Ordnance of thận dictio Finach war, hee heen ramulis pad ont in led An Uzitsuer to provide facile expenas buvo kompared in were he for acantemporary, Land, d'arthronyl din vce merupli\n\nces in Actions Live agvities porn kentut Frandow, Bush of a destly lives vu tu pro\n\ntance his bug that haploon will be devas the tolong, the at anche m\n\n하\n\nTech] vt og França, blid as rebel uthe Dinoinen, dewward and exreated, and wax only dentaʻul of\n\nthy wisins of this course bruauen he dought it\n\nKain wharbre it would taarl to lexicutiva\n\nwith adeintertainty. Is may be mid «bot if a gonze vabullion in Ireland were now w break 12 sustained for indz barn, we emrinialy shod na burg, the useful anders alik tu! wa hope not, has we contesa ven Sunt very Bes\n\nnotave advent or friends\n\non to who mighards, what clapeceriă-nts ¦\n\ncamily in print are, on the arbete, zo very itide in ganzdanas min bai hepthooke\n\nNet veze the American oran\n\nDabad this 15 dag er lag, vu. 16,\n\nF. C. R. OVEN\n\nil Honghont, 2846 Suty, 1905.\n\nmultica Bam strange igen wlish, Relm me prevalent, wat all canaing for\n\nMetota zgre e\n\ndisainioston rebellion and only in\n\nthe South ledths the energ\n\nmar, the asing of the delito extendun. I\n\nriseer in the fate) SALT\n\nIN TAN SORAME COCKT OF BOSAKOND.\n\n• riktad with antico now\n\ntre altringe shacagimas, me to pay no\n\nEides the wine listing teams Fan Town Pipes\n\nTable d'lium et ull hwch. Tama moderne.\n\nApply k\n\nREYJULIA &tio.\n\nisan ungling, 10th June, 1904, tANNE), (036, (ia Ling-brads) todella mit\n\nHuosobit parfe\n\nGEORGE HOTELIXELMORA,\n\nHeunge and Propriece\n\nChammer i\n\nChanapar in\n\nde d\n\nSeantech\n\nfeet, and\n\nSets, Fue\n\nApply to\n\n12m 1974 Hoogk veg, Vuk Juna. 1962,\n\nconclude, in 3 doors, camın,\n\nFEED, T. SMITH,\n\n6pkan, \"Hi Jasonery. 1863,\n\nManil\n\nVivian's drug and Sees Slow Me!\n\nand patio Nais. Tourism M\n\nSOLD & Co lungo, but Now, 18,\n\n1Jght thedra F\n\n7062 Gari Makra\n\nHigh Barden Mara.\n\nLight Sebie Forks pic\n\nLight Garden Spader.\n\nContbrug'n Boer Guns, Herman Mackin\n\nSOWKA (. \n\nTin loi khen nhing, ach July, 194\n\nAN Ince of \"terated Wan\n\nJA\n\n! \n\nGRERURY & SA\n\nPUGHT W\n\nBugg, thing,\n\nPBLIC TOISES \"Gura Bed\"\n\nto Con\n\nThis Pess.\n\negnng, 18th July, 15%.\n\nUN; FOR SALMI\n\nCAMILANA man dah party Thar porannes YOCOYSAD Lo Frears, and White su mi beitehing Splab Berd\n\nFurthering Sew Sight Cowered Hockeklu Twowane, the Osvinge is van Polve and tw: pairs of i\n\nShames of double 15 mana\n\n\"Apply t\n\nBrakes darrers dann, wanau, Housos, Lands, Tenements, de, Wiki,\n\nTKY MANOR,\n\n2. Tikai\n\nsau, Wiz\n\nJa rank WH\n\ntably tention the Hiɲlk.\n\nhe firm of JARGIR, Here\n\nG3MPANY Pkalabif's,\n\nJoey Manny Porci\n\nha\n\nda\n\nthecate, or fires of les P Sam Lnfanduma,\n\nde court al the veil of chen sinte\n\nTO LET\n\nEw to Becek. A\n\nTDE lower part of the Previze wind by\n\n|| \n\nWhite Pigs And Varjoile Wa\n\n2.06.\n\n' Club,\n\nדי ריח\n\nБаром\n\nBokkie, curd Ple Meram. I. Mazur, & tra Torgan. Tucs, and Beck and Doors Aprons\n\nALLES & CLAUSSHN Rosis patira in the same Bilding\n\nLANG vs. 24th Hwch, thu5.\n\ntientars, syple 15\n\nC. DAVID, My blessing Seal, from 14 to 3d ca\n\ntf 1956 Hongkong, 24th July 1955, mj........ \n\neping on the age of His returning prufiga Resas ar Adon hub carenced rises to 2 and S. Ten Staviti sladusent | Nothing can be. We do but to my\n\nAlly\n\n18ng, Juan 12 18415,\n\nPesa Pangong Pir Maker\n\n13. this walk is mar (granen of the stars Jacifios. Ja sall, Juma che i cones Contato and der 500,000) Pak and Berú trag\n\n13+ and 250 win\n\n-- TEENS RAPDV DONGKONG.\n\nAt Cheap essay.\n\nthe Penisy Port.\n\nKry\n\nChurcia, Greakfast and Pieter,\n\nPapolis, vintaga täna., \n\nArded Tigur\n\nPurane.\n\n3 wit\n\nBeauty (Ougima).\n\nChablir,\n\nSewer\n\nAwes\n\nKindly\n\n15 Honglung, 25ch February, Tauð,\n\nNeonora Druse & Hinckwell.\n\nPUSENJE Cauliomis\n\nHorse Ma\n\nT\n\nFrench and Spanish Diam\n\nPraits in So\n\nin Seyrand Birmaly\n\njuter, in engural finalen\n\ned, and Twine.\n\nGist White Impe\n\nLinand Di\n\n14.\n\nIran Boller Pinces and sheets, True) að a\n\ndivacion, in caster whine and vary,\n\nThi\n\nAir\n\nBerriro Klant\n\nBURNOG & tr. Peru's Whart\n\nHong, 153 May, 1836.\n\nPERER DETON KUTTER, in begs of 12\n\nSant Wilk Crators,\n\nPickled Cabbage (Singochami) za jara Danch Curry Stent Rotden (Wyuan :Parbiak.)\n\nBitless Reeserantine Spiritmes.\n\ndise;\n\nPer read\n\n4 van fartion of Berelvets with sout\n\nKai attached, neu kucesine,\n\nAVAAN. BETHEUS & SK, \n\nFAANDUYA\n\n3 making, 1919 Jejuny, 1395\n\n† CAT KRORIYBO, vid Fry Nrie by the\n\nCurlersigued.\n\nSharp's Ourlinen. Sartridger and Primer, Pools Lamplvera\n\nKorkbod Wren's Havelters. (Bian haecalled\n\nsilver plate.) \n\nDESUVAR A 12,\n\n28: Hongkong, 29 Macuh, 1800.\n\nANTEMRIOR PRINTING PAPER, in vuriuka\n\nSKSSE ULLERA & Ca\n\nrapon Himgiring, Bist July, Jan.\n\nTESTADA. Syable uram.\n\ning from 5 set, ta do mar,\n\nBAY 4\n\nbongkeun. 199th June, Tams.\n\nUde zopired by the gezurizued- 360 for matc\n\nAn astmoul of Confection in Torvides of time, f, and boo\n\n142_55 par god below, tóm market prius, a\n\nVruitia Cherplsia\n\nFivefingar, tin Ch\n\nCe\n\nPagri\n\nP\n\nwilevice Mangalent\n\nPioklys, Lumina, Tutt\n\nSobique. Opferd nan Gamesonge Surges,\n\nin\n\n\"T4TH FS 6.4.0.\n\njul IANA MOJ bany, Beh dhir, |Rajh\n\n- TE\n\nCARA MAIGN. Szennina Muke) \n\nU\" Dag de Murtikale.\n\nLurace Nei, he panels are Pte.\n\nJenterar à 03.\n\nCart Blanket Dani Pinin,\n\nBurgen liegt.\n\nFrau de Grene, ir. Qaside and Pints. Lienaine Buck.\n\n1837. Det\n\nkan warIPS & OM 1 - July, 1\n\nVALJARLY 15 AT TORPOTEN\n\nLOW OF GROUND, steprising almus 24. ALES. Finner at of the maliy Encautios Putolous, Trolig bal Fio of the Hurrading Smery, sad Bayonining other Spice ta thi, tavržen there. of Ke of Thron Bungalow, Broken, unig 3121 por Šante\n\nestinoria of way\n\nHuco Vercheni Taich, in skin.\n\nPusher Ektoms.\n\nc.prizing-- \n\nPrint Wine Event Leather BOOTS\n\nK\n\nCall JOTS\n\nTel\n\nFou\n\n해\n\nSi\n\n- BTS\n\nCalf SHONY.\n\nDouble SHOES,\n\n/Xo!o Eiding_kkis,\n\ni Shoes, A\n\nguzleð kirola.\n\nOpkomnes veliking the Coung of Hongkang si Food tray\n\nother Brun That,\n\nand italt shoes 1 sist sie die waer\n\nactiuter\n\nBy ldalon Persian\n\nVOTORIA SXCHAÑON.\n\nPRALOCK, q qurat poctivate w TOS, he hadle of this\n\nCoy is ted and place Mwick of My Dracena the flimpïve andun\n\nHANDY DREA\n\nSi huge walvis, 30 to 30 prouts que pode Poles. Cort Arsantren, 21 586 por Tickle Mix Glute A2 in at Singa\n\nthe Rilling Kabis. Plains Mulajen, in laygro wapinday.\n\nMALINS 30 French Fried Acuez, 25 behin pure. de\n\n2 min. 33 werdet for gir\n\nsriginal price 50 Dunte\n\nThe above in met missy in find at Po a trates muck of his bangk Ubogazin, SE\n\nPer dir\n\nLolizam\n\nAjgilz\n\nLevastik\n\nBOWRA .\n\nP Hongkong, Sur Sarch, 1865.\n\nPROVOU VILIANO, Tom &\n\nis plan mynted and Figured.\n\nDUESS HAKIKO\n\nI move the inwangement of the claws Doors\n\nMake fuck hy kan desal. having\n\nAris dans Gun, Culte alle exere in large Ents, ni\n\nApply un\n\nARNEMANN 4\n\n4132 Hungring 16 May, 1844\n\nHONGKONG\n\norder\n\nrecht so fize will be really and Hougang 10 July, 1955,\n\npred\n\n·MARKETS\n\nthe tick Jelly --- \n\nEniet othe\n\n2.40s. Wilt Shirkog\n\nb. Grcy Shielangs\n\nPri she above we are now for Holiday. Wine & iu 1795 169 own? Amie Bounce, War and\n\nTROMAS UNT & de\n\nJeweler\n\nPrime 220\n\n10 1ngking Apr. 195) \n\nJAYITAMIN KRANDY BUT 190, OHAME\n\nSUDREY Y\n\nPORT\n\n414\n\nBULLY A\n\nMagt jose kandež os si\n\ncitation. Facinaren everywhere spak ma il | drow, fierbert Si. Loger Marrige, Velius Ken is were a bites desapalatinos to dana to find cink, and Edsall Whiteall, trading as aforesaid, rants Reoma, und Ukaitanto, having a Depactes i jab duck up o lat iulier one mat, termed rebeliion voce nest, crazyding is the aber Tarand dahi bareng Purpia, * 15 1ા મમત store al lago into perse nun sanity. Do they \n\nvreuliug në uformaid, to recuror the sum at Miner\n\n#upport than the of thờ kiuď vogli bove boru; The and heren Hundent paltarlar bioves\n\nتا نا نیام در ایه \n\nJ. 2. FOR RENKLOS.\n\nFraght without adinal didapata në voglat prime pad by the Phinish wed for the Redes. It new! Hangkang, 80th July. Pasa,\n\nke, nové that that radical difference will destas ! dene qe his request and the money mos ng she jam\n\npeas within clot? There is no queries in Doen and the inlets TEB in Rabins Was. Iemelawly | Ahut in uldlar mary but dixinal werkstangy fee from dis Defined on the Platati\n\nJa the Averman, allow the sad thorne et jazera by the Priest\n\npakiti 15 of the the Bates to be fond stity requel and for unty fun\n\naqua Nia more intacters which jus be ou fecam the Dubzidays ca un Palujte! governed them\n\nTo\n\n| \n\nmit the mat. dry badlew be vight ang with e great grin or sunt stated beson shem; and bein leg there with John Mariat Punto Enez Ju\n\ncombining dir\n\nIYA FTL & Co\n\n4\n\nFaran, Hama,\n\nSet of this Athics.\n\nFor parientes, apply to\n\nFasa\n\n5th Jetz, 1896.\n\n70\n\nONE SET.\n\ncambo nk komen; noul, adtes vietas, to leh tus aveda treslila ucărie shim belyden ja Joycedente 1 of diced he trackpen, afzend wizzled by a show, Weis of Foreign Attachment is hiền sưmund te | Donmakinar Stara tag in lint in the 1st aya temp for the purees of tuneteen the S\n\n·Samrih day of\n\ndiets and hewan lés, suply in Willen Bur\n\nof ruk girara! \n\n1. Was the pth and event of sine mesi\n\nNearer the zhip even\n\nCain and Burgoede Uriends Ransely pint by them, albo 2. C\n\nAir\n\nNAWROJEY\n\ndagawiwjng Mela, ut Hongyoug. Merabunt, Aus Bize all wieght we mag wecution, that there Barles Beard, of in sum Hot\n\nza pipeady buen oder Choker\n\nthued wear a trended Free State Onrried.\n\nthere too on the Coin, and that in dieci wish held Musica heretg gian thereof and what it extime in ape thy with y te ako anal judgment in Action dha rotalon white is lastel, and of course in and Jehu Yutres is 355\n\nthe things were read. Is the bebull will va size security arise and wants or plea verdited by the di-\n\nww\n\nFinalists dowy ( refired a rote when of this Salad intituled and\n\nJa kivan nat O'ERINTY MUJAN to the rebelikon\n\n5. Bintly shwer had advised the preside for and regelves Job\" Bessili\n\nNe party in Married in-thes mahtinas persoas Cru the\n\nie withou\n\ntucco, in Byftient selvm] \n\nvation weak - og Beted the 2d Jay of July, 4.9. 16,\n\nsiniz: neten die water prículo, giving jurge\n\nmajozition pary where for inquineis úti eyein\n\ntocked with the wit regime, if thick be pro-\n\ndolly allowed sint wit cards recebus slavery\n\nR 1% 8. UKER\n\nLitointiglia Kiliman\n\nSu Kang, 294) July 7865\n\nSown\n\nefect Tesk Kinder. Plus | \n\nRards. Cool tlich up 14 techniques.\n\nBUR SPARS-rea whes to 21 initum; \n\n#par\n\nŠHIPS ENRE pieces izoma 15 15 16 inches\n\nFor Male to Suit at the\n\nNOTES YARD,\"\n\nStrayer Thway.\n\nAps & BERGEN & Bosa\n\n360changani Cozu\n\nTESUUR\n\n! Pay!\n\nFORLEANS\n\nLASTS, RAWFORD & 4%.\n\nethering that pow T de. Parth who began at\n\nBirty & Co.\n\n3 08\n\nI\n\n200 asured Fartings\n\n| Funk hig kong\n\n** the L'atang.' \n\ni bunso C, Tinted\n\nea.30\n\n? warg\n\n121 Bangkang 22rl. June, 12495.\n\n1.605\n\n409\n\nRhrers Eil Bhil\n\nYoru\n\n| €15,00\n\nTye-shire-we\n\n1 on pes. 2-4 na. Pray Bridge\n\n130\n\nmag-m-Laong\n\nx5\n\ndazivno, 35, an\n\n12.\n\nમ\n\n-1\n\n20.\n\nClu\n\nNG\n\n| fvek-bing-hunk\n\ni\n\n10\n\nCheong-bong\n\nk.\n\n30.00 yu-shing-wo\n\n1.\n\n12.00\n\ntiger deg. Harab-qu\n\n21 50\n\nParker lied Shirtings\n\n3.24\n\nleis are\n\nYETU\n\n110.00ascon Karham\n\n31\n\n24\n\n3.\n\n22.0\n\n1024\n\nAc\n\n130.00\n\nGewerchan\n\nlouratio\n\ntialum\n\n20.10\n\n26.25\n\nTin-wa-oberg\n\n31.C\n\njworg-buce s\n\n4.-17\n\n245\n\n2.\n\nForely\n\ng-bu fa\n\nST Tunin\n\nTrueline B.\n\nJuha Pright,\n\napply\n\nLANNERY, STRIXSON & Ga\n\nIf 168 Torghan, The Jans, 1968.\n\n2413' (or Durga Marie\n\nChange, petent les ad homes. To triedy and Be Pittings, Michael Sol\n\nste v\n\nMy 50 PAD. Gut. Often 1874 Hengzung 1 day 1815.\n\nFase of us wider to ban s\n\nMajce, Jokana à 116 Chi\n\na tha Putpu X, babarza Munata\n\nÁ do\n\nCali- \n\norquays Ropish Had Kreno Preement on \n\n- Tuilet, Deanor Breakfas \n\nzuht sa] Yorgungen by Dan, Disarm- 3 22:46, Kuat Mersin, and Thegara Ip: As Brandier, Jus ita in Cangre.\n\nis Barth, 1945. 20'er\n\nBAHLMANN & dig, \n\ngkung, 1th July, 1866 \n\nDosen's Blood Court foo \n\nor Dwelling an \n\nPrata \n\nAMM \n\nINSON & C \n\ngloog, the Hay, 0. \n\nProna Yok Emiliefire Über.. \n\nJuru tandı) Jur bulu \n\n.. Walker of tin \n\n--beg \n\nLegall, Stijl & 12% \n\nSamyang 192 \n\nPaonian & 130. \n\nSorrahjen & Co. \n\nWing-clock \n\nTHURAS The retine A28. Merchant \n\nFARMENT, ATKINSON & DA. \n\nLese Hengene. 14th June, 145. \n\n50 \n\nBars New AMB PK. \n\nAily in \n\nLANNUT, ATKISHON & 1709 Hongline, 20 June ish \n\nWho-is-long \n\n60. \n\nWashing-doing \n\nwith. Kanny & Co. Kwang-y-luk \n\nPralon de \n\n2004, e intere \n\n195 \n\nAd Cletu \n\nhangbai Cheat \n\n4] plm, #gi°2 cce \n\n3,0ewekwang, Tele Pr \n\n4 bursima The \n\n1.000 es No. 1- Iran Na Rad \n\n240 \n\n•pla. Black Pepper \n\nJ. Am Merchant \n\nSHANGHAI LATEST QUOTATIONS \n\nWejdy, renting, 2001 July, 1949, \n\nwo Jen diradi, « ma, No 3ja per Tir \n\nse for fries/every Orucite 5ANILA GUERGO, LISANS VGBANGK-Lututionament: Race, e. vs. e. a Cocrate, & 10f2 Run. 1.97 \n\npline agosto de59955 \n\nBLACKHEAD & Bo. \n\nned travele ve- of 10 Xue \n\nlegs bond the Stora Ship \"N-: \n\nBands Bour \n\n2. GARRITA, ! Honghong, Is Noveller, 1801, ARRAY, P. Memile, Chassagne, las \n\nH \n\n! telt.\" (lats\" People' \n\n505 \n\n42 CM. Todel & feather's Park Sherry and Hardy. \n\napply on \n\nIBR, LEVIX497UN 3. \n\n1994 Vengkang tich July 1960. \n\nis Deements, \n\nUn Port-dila je Fig. 7.4 per \n\nthe Paiteta \n\n4. \n\njülla Ansonicat, 345. Re. 15. \n\nInflatabog, strand, sin\n\nHuskongan Ball: 217 pg Jince. Hvirale 15 e 291 901 w26 dinch Heck, and Brass, Alp Bra Fate ALMON 73.25. Carlos-7.42. Cal Blues, disco Tim. 66. Bar Silver, Lin, Bles Back mud barking.\n\nApply to\n\nSXV & io.\n\nlong+60) \n\n111 Capper Cali. 1,225 p OPICH-utum, Nor. In 132, DOVOD\n\nArt Ke Te 30 £16.24, Pik, 23.30 pet Yin of så fre\n\n¡FREIGHT 2 Milk, 61 poron of short.\n\nTap.\n\nI's Ney Turk\n\nAttending veiving Inadravšiegs to nocain Mr. Poland, A. Drying Heizwer decked and Crgy,...... Acinding Mr. Polland reurcuith... \n\n1 \n\n} \n\n3 \n\nJeding 26. Peifend fixing Cumarie-so tang Pascallado as Cnread with Mr. Foliard also a Chanel joining Istine Jacky demateris sud vaporta ve! \n\n10 \n\n260 \n\n1 base bere . . . Cond \n\nP. Puted prin fre... \n\nCe \n\nJuice, 24th Jalan Sovata laying her mominj See the Appritet uticaling Mr. Fabj jant hath apa ciaria, Crocolitis, į Aveng (inmal zi Coursiu mna jur \n\nvastag bremsest, and Opinions delivered! 5 Til Hr Polled his B....... \n\nUG",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-106 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1865 [8-9].txt",
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        "id": 280407,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-141 - Public Offices - 1869",
        "page_number": 310,
        "title": "CO129-141 - Public Offices - 1869",
        "content_text": "packets which shall continue to be maintained or subsidized, the one by the British Government, and the other by the French Government, on the line between Dover and Calais.\n\nThe British Post Office and the French Post Office shall regulate, by mutual consent, and in accordance with the well-understood interest of the two countries, the days and hours of departure and arrival of the above-mentioned packets.\n\nARTICLE II.\n\nIndependently of the correspondence which shall be exchanged between the Post Offices of the two countries by the route pointed out in the preceding Article, those Offices may mutually forward from one to the other letters, newspapers, and printed papers of all kinds, by the several routes hereinafter enumerated :-\n\n1. By the packets which the British Government and the French Government may respectively think it right to maintain, to freight, or to subsidize, for the conveyance of correspondence.\n\n2. By merchant ships plying between the British and the French ports.\n\nARTICLE III.\n\nThe commanders of merchant ships before sailing from the ports of France or Algeria for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, on the one part, and the commanders of British or French merchant ships before sailing from the ports of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland for France or Algeria, on the other part, shall be bound to take charge of the mails which the Post Offices at the ports of departure may have to deliver to them.\n\nNo merchant steamer leaving one of the ports of France or Algeria for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland shall receive its clearance unless the commander present to the authorities empowered to issue that document a certificate from the director or chief officer of the posts, proving the delivery of the mails addressed to the place of the ship's destination, or that there were no mails to deliver to him.\n\n2\n\nde deux services de paquebots-à-vapeur qui continueront à être entretenus or subventionnés, l'un par le Gouvernement Britannique, et l'autre par le Gouvernement Français, sur la ligne de Douvres à Calais.\n\nL'Administration des Postes Britanniques et l'Administration des Postes de France régleront, de concert, et dans l'intérêt bien entendu des deux pays, les jours et heures de départ et d'arrivée des paquebots sus-mentionnés.\n\nARTICLE II.\n\nIndépendamment des correspondances qui seront échangées entre les Administrations des Postes des deux pays, par la voie indiquée dans l'Article précédent, ces Administrations pourront s'expédier réciproquement des lettres, des journaux, et des imprimés de toute nature, par les différentes voies ci-après désignées, savoir :-\n\n1. Par les paquebots que le Gouvernement Britannique et le Gouvernement Français pourront respectivement juger à propos d'entretenir, de fréter, ou de subventionner, pour opérer le transport des correspondances.\n\n2. Par les bâtiments du commerce naviguant entre les ports Britanniques et les ports Français.\n\nARTICLE III.\n\nLes capitaines des navires du commerce devant appareiller des ports de la France ou de l'Algérie pour le Royaume Uni de la Grande Bretagne et d'Irlande, d'une part, et les capitaines des navires Britanniques et des navires Français du commerce devant appareiller des ports du Royaume Uni de la Grande Bretagne et d'Irlande pour la France ou l'Algérie, d'autre part, seront tenus de se charger des dépêches que les Bureaux de Poste des ports de départ pourraient avoir à leur remettre.\n\nAucun bateau-à-vapeur du commerce devant partir d'un des ports de la France ou de l'Algérie pour le Royaume Uni de la Grande Bretagne et d'Irlande ne pourra recevoir son billet de sortie, si le capitaine ne présente aux autorités chargées de délivrer cette pièce un certificat du directeur ou du préposé des postes, constatant la remise des dépêches adressées au lieu de destination de ce navire, ou qu'on n'en avait pas à lui remettre.\n\nARTICLE IV.\n\nThe payments on account of the sea-conveyance of letters contained in the mails exchanged between the British and French Post Offices by means of merchant ships, shall be made to the commanders or owners of those vessels by the Post Offices of the ports of destination, at the rate of ten centimes, or one penny, per letter.\n\nThe British Post Office and the French Post Office shall divide equally the payments made to the commanders or owners of the merchant ships, in accordance with the stipulations of this Article.\n\nARTICLE V.\n\nWhen the packets employed by the British Post Office or by the French Post Office in execution of Articles I and II of the present Convention are national vessels, the property of Government, or vessels chartered or subsidized by Government, they shall be considered and treated as vessels of war, in the ports of the two countries at which they regularly or accidentally touch, and be there entitled to the same honours and privileges.\n\nThese packets shall be exempted in the said ports, as well upon their entrance as upon their departure, from all tonnage, navigation, and port dues; excepting, however, the vessels freighted or subsidized by Government, which must pay such dues in those ports where they are levied on behalf of corporations, private companies, or individuals.\n\nThey shall not on any account be diverted from their especial duty, or be liable to seizure, detention, embargo, or arrêt de Prince.\n\nARTICLE VI.\n\nThe packets of the two Offices shall be at liberty to take on board or land at the ports of the two countries at which they touch, whether regularly or accidentally, specie and gold and silver bullion, as well as passengers, of whatever nation they may be, with their wearing apparel or luggage, on condition that the captains of those\n\nARTICLE IV.\n\nLes frais résultant du transport, par mer, des lettres comprises dans les dépêches échangées entre l'Administration des Postes Britanniques et l'Administration des Postes de France, par la voie des bâtiments du commerce, seront payés aux capitaines ou armateurs de ces bâtiments par les Bureaux de Poste des ports de destination, à raison de dix centimes, ou un penny, par lettre.\n\nL'Administration des Postes Britanniques et l'Administration des Postes de France supporteront par moitié les frais de transport payés aux capitaines ou armateurs des bâtiments du commerce, en vertu des dispositions du présent Article.\n\nARTICLE V.\n\nLorsque les paquebots employés par l'Administration des Postes Britanniques ou par l'Administration des Postes de France, en exécution des Articles I et II de la présente Convention, seront des bâtiments nationaux, propriété de l'Etat, ou des bâtiments frétés ou subventionnés par l'Etat, ils seront considérés et reçus comme vaisseaux de guerre dans les ports des deux pays où ils aborderont régulièrement ou accidentellement, et ils y jouiront des mêmes honneurs et privilèges.\n\nCes paquebots seront exempts dans les dits ports, tant à leur entrée qu'à leur sortie, de tous droits de tonnage, de navigation, et de port; excepté toutefois les bâtiments frétés ou subventionnés par l'Etat, lesquels devront acquitter ces droits dans les ports où ils sont établis au profit des corporations, compagnies particulières, ou personnes privées.\n\nIls ne pourront à aucun titre être détournés de leur destination, ni être sujets à saisie-arrêt, embargo, ou arrêt de Prince.\n\nARTICLE VI.\n\nLes paquebots des deux Administrations pourront embarquer ou débarquer dans les ports des deux Etats où ils aborderont, soit régulièrement, soit accidentellement, des espèces et matières d'or ou d'argent, ainsi que des passagers, de quelque nation qu'ils puissent être, avec leurs hardes ou effets personnels, sous la condition que les capitaines de\n\n308",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-141 - Public Offices - 1869.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 317929,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-202 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 180,
        "title": "CO129-202 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "# THE CHINA REVIEW.\n\n## NOTES AND QUERIES.\n\nThe examination process is as follows. A notice is issued, and the students assemble according to magistracies in the Provincial Examination Hall (`bung yuan`), when five successive examinations are held in the following manner. Suppose there are ten thousand in all. After the first bout, perhaps ten per cent. are excluded, and the names of the others are hung up outside the Hall, according to magistracies, the first ten in each magistracy being specially noted. This is continued five times, the Prefect each time excluding about ten per cent. of the least meritorious composers. The result of the fifth heat is that about one tenth of the whole number of each magistracy is selected; the names of the ten best of each of these are specially prominent, and the first in each ten receives the honorary appellation of \"Prefect's choice\" (`fu pi`). The advantage gained by the `fu pi` is that, as a matter of courtesy, the Literary Chancellor will, as of course, pass him for his Degree. All the other distinctions, consequent upon this quintuple analysis, count for nothing but local and ephemeral honour amongst one's friends. Nearly all candidates are \"retained\" (`li`) as eligible for the degree of `siu tsai`, as of course.\n\nThis takes place generally in the eighth month of the Chinese autumn. The Literary Chancellor has a `yamen` of his own and receives a Commission for three years. The first two of these are the `sui tsai`, or years for examination for the degree of `siu tsai`. The subjects are, as in the case of the Magistrate's and Prefect's examinations, prose and poetry, but the Chancellor devotes one day to each. An average of perhaps ten per cent. of candidates obtain a prima facie degree, but before the list of the successful is issued (`fa pang`), a second test Examination takes place (`fu k'ao`) in order to guard against imposition, \"cribbing,\" prompting, &c. Generally about eight per cent. of the successful scrape through this second ordeal, upon which, after an interval of ten days or so, the list of graduates is suspended outside the Hall.\n\nThe next step is to buy an official hat, surmounted with a gilt swan in lieu of a button (`ho muo`), which ornament is only worn upon the hat on this one occasion; flowers are also stuck in each side of the hair (`twin hua`). The successful ones must then visit the Chancellor, dressed up in their official costume. This visit takes place at his `yamen`. The graduates first turn to the north and kotow to His Majesty; after that they turn to the Chancellor and kotow to him likewise.\n\nThe Chancellor addresses to them, collectively, a few valedictory words, after which the students retire and proceed to their respective homes. A visit to the ancestral cemetery is an indispensable sequence of having graduated. This ceremony is apparently to establish, before the manes of one's ancestors, this joyful evidence of continuity of honour in the family. The next year a similar examination to that just described takes place, immediately after which the Literary Chancellor holds a second examination (`lien chia`) of the two groups of graduates, for honours (`la chia`). This is also in two subjects only, prose essay and poetical composition, and lasts but one day. The result is announced, like the result of the Magistrate's and Prefect's Examinations, by the posting of a `pai`, not, as in the examinations for the degrees of `siu tsai`, `chü jên`, and `chin shih`, by the issue of a `pang`. The `pai`, or notice, is less solemn and imposing than the `pang`, or official list. The bachelors (`siu tsai`) of each magistracy are now arranged in three grades (`san teng`), the first candidate in the first grade of each magisterial group receiving the title of `lin sheng`, which enables him to levy a contribution of about 500 cash from each of the Bachelors of his magistracy who have competed at this examination for honours, and qualifies him to act as the spokesman and introducer (as mentioned above), in all matters interesting the bachelors or undergraduates of his magistracy.\n\nThose two years being ended, study for the degree of `chü jên` is the next step. It must be mentioned that those graduates who have not reached the standard necessary to become enrolled in one of the three grades for honours are obliged to wait till the second examination for a `chü jên` takes place, to wit, three extra years.\n\nThe examination for a `chü jên` is held by the `chu k'ao`, a special Commissioner appointed by the Emperor to each Province for each `k'o` or examination. This functionary is always accompanied by an assistant examiner (`fu chu k'ao`), and occupies the Town Hall (`kung kuan`), of the Provincial Metropolis, not having, like the Chancellor, a `yamen` appropriated to his use. This examination is much more severe than that for a `siu tsai`, the duration being nine days, in three bouts of three days each, during each bout of which the candidates are rigidly confined, night and day, to their examination cells. The first three days are devoted to essays upon subjects taken from the Four Books (`sz shu`); the second three to essays on the Classics (`ching`); the third to miscellaneous essays upon subjects chosen at random (`ts' lun`). The candidates are no longer ranged according to magistracies, nor the date at which they graduated as `siu tsai`. Perhaps two hundred will be a fair average for the number of `chü jên` degrees allotted to each Province. Under the name of `fu pang` are ranged those who have reached a high standard, but who by special favour receive a degree over and above the number allotted, owing to their great merit. In about a month the `chü k'ao` issues his list (`fu pang`), in which the first candidate, among all from the Province, obtains the title of `chieh yuan`, the second that of `ya yuan`, and the third that of `ching kusi`; all purely honorary titles. The rest of the successful ones are termed `en fusi`. A visit is now first made to the Provincial Governor (`fu tai`), and afterwards to the `chü k'ao`, by all the graduates who have thus taken their second degree.\n\nThe examinations above described may be translated by the analogous terms, \"matriculation,\" \"little go,\" \"Bachelor of Arts,\" \"Master of Arts.\" The third year is spent by the Chancellor in \"going circuit\" to ascertain the literary merit of each township.\n\nThe examination for the degree of `chin shih` takes place at Peking, in the third month of the year succeeding that in which the `chü jên` examination was held. A `chü k'ao`, generally an officer of high rank, assisted by a `fu chü k'ao`, are appointed by the Emperor to hold this examination in the Great Hall (`Kung yüan`) at Peking. The subjects are the same as for the `chü jên`, and the ordeal lasts nine days. Not more than a dozen or thirty from each Province are successful. The first candidate receives the honorary appellation of `hui yuan`. This is succeeded by the `tien shih`, or honours examination, held by the Emperor himself, who selects the themes, which are at once published in the Peking Gazette. The first candidate in the Empire is called a `chuang yün`, the second a `pang yen`, the third a `t'an hua`, and the fourth a `ch'uan lu`, terms which may be rendered by the analogous \"senior,\" \"second,\" \"third,\" and \"fourth wranglers.\" The remaining `chin shih` are ranged in three grades (`san ling chun`), the first grade of which are drafted in the Hanlin Academy, the second of which become petty Officers at Court (`siao ching kuan`), and the third of which are appointed by lot to expectant offices in the Provinces (`chi pu`). The subjects for the `tien shih` are the Five Classics, and five pages of prose composition. Lastly comes the `ch'ao k'ao`, or viva voce examination by the Emperor, who puts five questions to each `chin shih` (`t'si wên wu tao`). According to His Majesty's prepossession is the candidate marked out for any special duty or office.\n\nThe above outline of the Chinese curriculum is necessarily incomplete, and is herewith submitted for correction. Any shortcomings which may be pointed out by letter, to the Editor of the China Review, will be noted, and on some future occasion an ...\n\nPage 180\nPage 181",
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    {
        "id": 325455,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-216 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [5-6]",
        "page_number": 44,
        "title": "CO129-216 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [5-6]",
        "content_text": "43- 10170\n\nprevious despatches. On the same subject, I have now the honour to transmit the enclosed letter containing many interesting details, from the Special Correspondent in Tonquin of the leading journal of Hong Kong.\n\nI have the honour to be, My Lord, Your Lordship's most obedient, humble Servant.\n\nH.Bowen\n\nEnclosure\n\nTHE WAR IN TONQUIN.\n\nTHE HUNG-HOA FIASCO. [FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.]\n\nHUNG-HOA, 17th April, 1884.\n\nThere were some awkward quarters of an hour in the month of December that decided the issue of the present French campaign in Tonquin. If, when between three and four o'clock on the afternoon of the 14th December, the Chinese commenced their grand turning movement from the East gate of the outer line of fortifications at Sontay, they had displayed a little more determination, Bacninh would probably not now be in French hands and Hung-Hoa almost certainly would not.\n\nThe flank movement was almost successful. But just when the Frenchmen seemed hemmed in between the lines of Phuc-sa and the river, the Chinamen faltered and broke. They were Yunnan mountaineers and fought well, but they wanted the grit of the Black Flags, and the Black Flags were all in the forts and earthworks of Phuc-sa.\n\nAn hour later the tricolour floated over Phuc-sa. During that night, however, fortune again wavered in the balance. The Black Flags drove the Turcos from their position and were within five yards of the earthworks when the Algerians were placed by the Colonial Infantry. Both sides fired at the flash of the enemy's guns, and the Chinamen gained a slight advantage by throwing fire-sticks.\n\nBut just when the French were worn out with fourteen hours' incessant fighting, the Black Flag bugles sounded the \"cease fire\" (identical with the French call) and they retired at five in the morning.\n\nNext day, the 15th, a fatal error was made in failing to resist the deploying of the French troops along the embankment which formed the works of Phuc-sa. When that movement westward was completed late in the afternoon, Sontay was lost and the fighting in Tonquin was practically over.\n\nYou will ask what all this has to do with Hung-Hoa. It has nothing to do with Hung-Hoa, but there is nothing much to say about that place, and the talk round the bivouac fires was all about Sontay.\n\nThere can be little doubt that the French looked forward to the attack on Hung-Hoa with some degree of anxiety, one might even say, apprehension. The citadel itself was nothing, like other citadels of Tonquin. Indeed, it was more feeble than the others, for it was within two hundred yards of the river.\n\nBut the gunboats could not mount to attack it, for there was not enough water, and the outworks were known to be very strong. Moreover, it was supposed that Liu Jung-fu would make a desperate stand here, on the verge of the forest and hill country, the last of any account on the Song-coi below Lao-kai.\n\nFurther, it was reported a month ago that the warlike Governor of Yunnan had come south with six thousand men and was going to check the French invaders.\n\nBut the earthworks had no cannon mounted in them, Liu Jung-fu was away in the hills between Tuyen-kwan and Thai-nguyen, waiting for the money which China neglects to send him—solicitations no doubt to pay the indemnity which France demands.\n\nThe Governor of Yunnan, instead of marching with six thousand men to the defence of Hung-Hoa, would appear to have marched all alone over to the majority, and the six thousand men were no doubt fully employed at his funeral.\n\nBut perhaps it would be as well to give something like a connected account of the operations.\n\nThere was a plan of operations. There was also a plan for the confusion of the Chinamen at Bacninh. Négrier was to do the cutting off there. He was not successful, mainly because it was impossible, certainly impossible when the other forces did not march in unison.\n\nAccordingly, Brière de l'Isle was deputed to cut off the retreat this time. He was to march up to Bat-Bac, a village which the perversity of map drawers places half a dozen miles inland, but which is really hard up against the banks of the Rivière Noire.\n\nThere he was to cross the river, march by a hill track, and take the Chinamen in the rear. Négrier was to march up to the confluence of the Rivière Noire with the Fleuve Rouge. There he was to cross and march straight on the town, detaching a battalion of infantry, all the cavalry, and a battery of artillery, which was to cross the Song-coi and seize the north end of the bridge which the Chinamen had constructed.\n\nThus there was to be no route left open for the garrison to retreat by except the road to Lao-kai, and they were to be very severely pounded before they made their escape that way.\n\nGeneral Brière de l'Isle with four thousand men left Hanoi on the 5th April to march overland to Sontay and thence to Bat-Bac. General Négrier followed him the next day, and true to his name of Mao-lem, which the soldiers have given him, finished the march to Sontay, which had taken Brière's column the best part of three days, by mid-day on the second.\n\nMao-lem means \"hurry up\" or \"be quick\" and is the uniform cry of the soldiers who guard the baggage train. The convoy of each column numbers about a thousand coolies and extends over a matter of a mile in length on Tonquin roads, so that the refrain becomes sufficiently monotonous.\n\nThe General cries \"en avant,\" the officers ejaculate \"sorrez,\" and the baggage guard echoes \"Mao-lem.\" That is the supposed train of thought.\n\nIt is enough, however, without being so logical, to say that Négrier always makes heavy marches, that he hurries from one end of the column (6,000 yards long) to the other, all through the day, and at the end of the march, when everybody else is content to rest tranquilly in his billet, goes out prospecting the surrounding country.\n\nWell may the French hope for much from his energy and look upon him as the \"coming general.\" Coming for what, all the world knows.\n\nNégrier's big march did not, however, conduce to the comfort of the troops. Nobody in Sontay expected him, and there was no room for his troops, so he had to stay outside, and the wretched villagers who had \"the Legion\" and the plundering baggage coolies settled in their midst, had still more solid reasons for regret.\n\nHowever, next day Brière went off to Bat-Bac and reached there in two days, and on the afternoon of his entry Négrier was joined by the Commander-in-Chief, the Grand Buddha, as the Annamese call him.\n\nA march was made up the embankment following the river the next day, and the troops cantoned within three miles of the Black River.\n\nThere they had to wait a day for the heavy guns; the \"pieces of 80\" and of \"95\" had been embarked in junks and they all got aground with one accord across the mouth of the Rivière Claire.\n\nThey were got off and towed up a mile or two and then got aground again, and finally the men had to be disembarked and taken overland.\n\nAll this took time, and it was in the grey light of a rainy Good Friday morning that the troops arrived at the mouth of the Black River.\n\nBrière de l'Isle had extended his line down the right of the river from Bat-Bac so as to keep in touch with the second column. He had done more. He had established a battery of \"pièces de quatre-vingt\" the day before on a hillock close to the river and had pitched shells into Hung-Hoa from a distance of 6,000 yards.\n\nThis was denounced by everyone as premature and as a blunder. But there were more mistakes coming.\n\nIn the meantime, we were somewhat astonished to find a little post of Chinamen established in a small entrenched barricade right opposite us.\n\nThere was a sentinel marching up and down in full view, and every now and then a man would walk out onto the bank and have a shot at us.\n\nThe river itself was about 350 yards in width, but there were broad sandbanks on either side, and we were on a high bank. We therefore looked on tranquilly.\n\nPresently, however, an unlucky Turco got his left shoulder smashed with a bullet, and then a few volleys of companies were despatched to make the Celestials quit.\n\nThis they did without either delay or loss. Meanwhile, some junks designed to make a bridge and conveying ammunition and stores came up the Red River.\n\nA hundred or so of Annamese and Chinese mixed thereupon came down the left bank of the Song-coi and commenced rifle fire at about 1,300 yards or so.\n\nFinding this ineffectual, they got out a gingal, but had only fired three shots when the Eclair came up and sent them to the right about with some rounds from her Hotchkiss guns.\n\nMeanwhile, the big guns were getting into position on a little pine-crowned hillock behind the village of Truong-Ba, where we had halted.\n\nBetween eight and nine o'clock they commenced their fire. There was a battery of \"pieces of eighty\"—ordinary European horse artillery—and a battery of \"siege guns\"—\"pieces of ninety-five,\" the regular field artillery of...\n\n28* 1474\n\n-lery of",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-219 Foreign Office 1884",
        "page_number": 119,
        "title": "CO129-219 Foreign Office 1884",
        "content_text": "# JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE\n\n## [1884] 5 Mars\n\nSeizième année. — N. 64.\n\n5 mètres de largeur rempli d'eau, alimenté par un arroyo voisin. Une ligne d'abatis en bambous secs non élagués recouvre le fossé. Entre le fossé et le parapet, une berme de 3 à 4 mètres de largeur est couverte de bambous vivants, très serrés, de 8 à 10 mètres de haut, qui cachent complètement la ville aux vues de l'extérieur. Cette haie de bambous est un feu obstacle infranchissable.\n\nLa porte Ouest de l'enceinte extérieure étant murée, un passage d'un mètre de large a été pratiqué à travers la haie de bambous, à 40 mètres au sud de la porte. Par cette ouverture, on peut arriver au pied du rempart et l'escalader. Elle est couverte par un tambour, fermé lui-même par une porte en bois. Extérieurement, une route aboutit à la porte Ouest et contourne le fossé jusqu'à la porte du tambour, qu'il faut franchir d'abord pour pouvoir entrer ensuite dans l'enceinte, un à un, par la coupure pratiquée à travers les bambous.\n\nLes portes du Nord, du Sud et de l'Est sont protégées par un tambour en palanques; des défenses accessoires, petits piquets, chevaux de frise, fraises, couvrent les abords et les couronnements des portes.\n\nÀ l'extérieur de la ville, le terrain est couvert de villages et de pagodes fortifiés par une haie vive de bambous et un parapet en terre percé de créneaux, qui défendent les approches de l'enceinte. Les principaux sont: Mai Chay, Nghia-Phu, Thanh-Tri, Van Gia, vers le Sud; Thien-Haan et Phuc To, vers le Nord-Est; le village, le marché et les pagodes de Phu Nhi, Van-Mien, vers le Nord-Ouest. Du côté du Sud-Ouest, l'enceinte extérieure est longée par un arroyo de 30 mètres de large, sur lequel est un pont en bambous, en partie détruit, conduisant de la porte Ouest à la pagode de X:-Ba.\n\nDe la porte Nord, une rue conduit à l'embarcadère de Phu Nhi, qui avait été considéré par l'ennemi comme notre point de débarquement et avait été défendu en conséquence.\n\nLa digue venant du Day se rapproche du fleuve et va tomber sur la rive à Thien-Loc; elle s'en écarte ensuite progressivement pour la rejoindre une seconde fois au village de Noi. L'embarcadère de Phu Nhi est au milieu de ce demi-cercle, parfaitement commandé par la digue, qui a environ 5 mètres de surélévation.\n\nLa partie de la digue située entre Thien-Loc et Phu-Sa a été rongée en deux points par les eaux; aussi a-t-elle été doublée dans le Sud par une nouvelle digue traversant Linh-Chien et rejoignant l'ancienne à Phu-Sa.\n\nLa branche du Nord est organisée de la même manière; elle bat le terrain qui s'étend vers Phuc-To, Thien-Xuan et la partie Nord-Est de l'enceinte extérieure. Une porte défilée, pratiquée dans un retour de la coupure, permet de communiquer avec le reste de la digue vers Linh-Chien.\n\nCes deux portions de digues, que nous appellerons aussi branches de Phu-Sa, sont barrées par une palissade terrassée à hauteur de Thien-Xuan. À 100 mètres dans l'est de leur point de jonction, elles sont barrées de nouveau par un retranchement en terre, armé d'un canon placé dans une casemate qui les enfile suivant la direction de l'Est. À hauteur de ces deux batteries casematées, un retranchement en terre relie les deux branches.\n\nL'ensemble des deux branches et des retranchements constitue un ouvrage fermé.\n\nDu côté du Sud, le village de Phu-Sa est entouré d'un retranchement en terre pourvu de créneaux, qui se relie à la branche Sud et la flanque dans tous les sens. Ce village et la plaine sont à 6 ou 7 mètres au-dessus du niveau de la digue. Aux abords, le sommet et les talus de la branche Sud sont garnis de piquets de bambous et d'abatis. Du côté du Nord, le pied de la digue est longé par un fossé plein d'eau, couvert d'abatis de bambous.\n\nLe fleuve est battu en travers par les canons de Phu-Sa et enfilé par une grosse pièce établie près de la rive à la même hauteur. Cette pièce est protégée par un parapet et des traverses.\n\nTel est l'ensemble des ouvrages désignés sous le nom de forts de Phu-Sa, qui forment le point d'appui oriental des défenses dirigées contre le fleuve.\n\nD'après cette disposition des ouvrages, il fallait s'appuyer sur le fleuve pour avoir une base d'opérations solide, surtout avec le concours des canonnières, ainsi que pour échapper à toutes les difficultés de ravitaillement en vivres comme en munitions. C'était aussi là que la porte nord-ouest de l'enceinte, objectif présumé de l'attaque, était la plus accessible.\n\nAussitôt arrivé à Thien-Loc, après avoir reconnu les positions, je fis avancer sur la branche Sud le bataillon d'infanterie de marine commandant Dalien, précédé de sa compagnie de tirailleurs annamites, capitaine Doucet, flanqué dans la plaine, du côté du village Linh-Chien, par une compagnie d'auxiliaires tonkinois. Deux pièces de 4, en batterie à la grande digue, battirent en même temps, du côté de la plaine, les postes avancés ennemis qui furent enlevés sans grande difficulté, et la tête de colonne arriva rapidement au village de Linh-Chien. Le bataillon de Reygasse s'engagea sur la branche Sud à la suite du bataillon Dalien. En même temps, une batterie d'artillerie, placée à l'ouest de la grande digue, enfilait les extrémités et des branches de Phu-Sa et battait la pagode du village, sur laquelle tirait également la flottille, à la même hauteur sur la branche Sud, occupèrent le village et la pagode; nos troupes se trouvaient ainsi à 500 ou 600 mètres des ouvrages de Phu-Sa, dont le feu, très bien nourri, ralentit leur marche.\n\nVers dix heures trente, le bataillon Roux, un peu plus tard, le bataillon Chevallier (infanterie de marine), s'avançant par la branche Nord jusqu'à Noi, est organisée en une immense batterie: toutes les pièces sont sous casemates; des traverses nombreuses abritent les défenseurs et les pièces contre l'enfilade. Un mur en terre, de 1 m. 50 de hauteur et 2 mètres d'épaisseur, couronne la crête de la digue du côté du fleuve. Le sommet de la digue, qui a 8 ou 10 mètres de largeur, forme le terre-plein. Les défenseurs sont couverts par une rangée de maisons en paillottes disposées sur la crête opposée. Ces maisons servent de logements et de parados. Cette disposition existe aussi sur les branches de Phu-Sa, et empêche de voir d'une branche les défenseurs de l'autre.\n\nÀ 100 mètres à l'ouest de Phu-Sa, la digue est fermée par une forte palissade, renforcée par un parapet en terre disposé pour la fusillade, et pourvu d'une casemate armée d'un canon. Cette coupure a un retour percé d'une porte bien défilée.\n\nAu passage de la route de l'embarcadère à la citadelle, un grand tambour en terre et en palanques, avec casemates basses, couvre la porte et flanque le fossé de la digue. Ce tambour est contourné par le fossé. Il forme un véritable bastion. À l'ouest de ce tambour, le fossé s'élargit et forme un espèce d'étang jusque vers Noi. La rue de l'embarcadère est d'ailleurs obstruée, entre la digue et la ville, par une barricade armée d'un canon pouvant tirer vers la digue.\n\nUne batterie de canons de 4 fut établie alors entre les deux branches, à l'ouest du village de Linh-Chien, et deux pièces de 4 sur la branche Sud, à la sortie du village. Ces pièces ouvrirent leur feu vers une heure l'après-midi, prenant à revers les casemates de Phu-Sa et battant directement la batterie ennemie de 4 pièces de la branche Sud.\n\nLa flottille, de son côté, engagea le combat avec la batterie de Phu-Sa et les jonques armées de canons qui étaient accostées à l'embarcadère. La Fanfare, serrant de près la rive gauche, avait vue sur les ouvrages de Phu-Sa, qu'elle battit jusqu'au moment de l'assaut. Le tir avait lieu entre 1,500 et 2,000 mètres.\n\nDans la nuit, quelques coups de fusil furent échangés entre la légion étrangère et des tirailleurs ennemis embusqués dans le village boisé de Phu-Nhi, qui s'étend de la digue vers le Sud.\n\nPendant toute la journée, ce côté du champ de bataille fut le théâtre d'un combat indécis, engagé à fond ni d'un côté ni de l'autre, tandis que l'action principale se poursuivait à Phu-Sa.\n\nÀ deux heures et demie, le bataillon Jouneau (tirailleurs algériens), qui était en réserve à Thien-Loc, reçut l'ordre de se porter en avant. Il vint prendre position derrière une haie de bambous, entre la branche Nord et le fleuve, à 400 mètres environ de Phu-Sa, soutenu par une batterie de canons de 4 et par le feu de la flottille. À sa gauche, le bataillon Chevallier et une partie du bataillon Roux, soutenus par deux batteries de canons de 4, étaient déployés dans l'espace compris entre les deux branches et se reliaient au bataillon Dalien, dont deux compagnies, soutenues par deux pièces de 4, formaient la tête de colonne sur la branche Sud.\n\nLe colonel Bazin, dirigeant plus particulièrement l'opération sur la branche Nord, était assisté sur la branche Sud par le colonel de Maussion. Vers quatre heures, le colonel Bazin, jugeant que le feu de l'ennemi se ralentissait sensiblement, demanda l'autorisation de donner l'assaut.\n\nLa flottille reçut l'ordre de cesser le feu et, au signal du colonel Bazin, nos troupes s'élancèrent avec un élan admirable. Le bataillon Jouneau, son commandant en tête et la compagnie Godinet en tête, fila presque homme par homme, en dedans de la branche Nord, en dessous et en arrière des casemates ennemies, tandis que les bataillons Chevallier et Roux traversaient, non sans difficulté, la plaine marécageuse qui précède le retranchement crénelé sur la branche Sud. Les compagnies Cany (infanterie de marine) et Doucet (tirailleurs annamites), du bataillon Dalien, soutenues par une partie du bataillon Reygasse, enlèvent à la baïonnette la partie qui défend le passage; le capitaine Doucet trouve dans cette attaque une mort glorieuse. Ces compagnies, gagnant au pas de course le point de jonction des deux branches, y rallient le bataillon Jouneau, qui s'en est emparé quelques instants avant. Mais l'ennemi, repoussé, fait une résistance intrépide; solidement établi derrière la barricade élevée en travers à 100 mètres au-delà du point de jonction, embusqué dans le village qui borde la branche Sud à notre gauche, il dirige sur nos troupes un feu meurtrier; deux fois la compagnie Godinet, soutenue par la compagnie Cany, se précipite à l'assaut de la barricade, deux fois son élan vient se briser contre un obstacle infranchissable.\n\nCette nuit du 14 au 15 fut un combat continuel. Enhardis par l'obscurité, furieux de leur défaite, les Pavillons-Noirs ne cessent de harceler nos lignes, dirigeant sur Phu-Sa leurs plus violentes attaques et nous infligeant des pertes cruelles. Toutefois, ils ne peuvent entamer nos positions; un dernier mouvement offensif, tenté sur toute la ligne, vers quatre heures du matin, est repoussé comme les autres; alors, ils profitent des dernières heures de nuit pour évacuer tous les ouvrages du bord du fleuve et se renfermer dans l'enceinte extérieure de Sontay.\n\nAinsi, l'échec des attaques de nuit, achevant la défaite de l'ennemi, nous livrait sans combat une série de positions dont la prise de vive force nous eût coûté sans doute de très grands sacrifices.\n\nAprès avoir montré un entrain admirable dans l'assaut de Phu-Sa, et retrouvé une fois de plus cet élan qui les a illustrées dans tant de batailles, nos troupes, tirailleurs algériens et infanterie de marine, ont déployé au milieu de l'obscurité, durant ces longues heures de lutte, une bravoure, un sang-froid et une énergie dignes des plus glorieuses journées de leur histoire.\n\nLe 15, vers sept heures du matin, je retournai à Phu-Sa, où tout était rentré dans le calme. Je pus franchir sans difficulté la terrible barricade contre laquelle s'étaient brisés la veille tant de généreux efforts. Les corps mutilés de plusieurs de nos braves furent retrouvés auprès de la barricade, ainsi que ceux d'un certain nombre de Chinois que l'ennemi avait abandonnés dans sa fuite.\n\nLe 16, au jour, la légion étrangère alla fouiller ce village, où se trouvaient quelques Pavillons-Noirs; arrivée à la lisière Sud, elle échangea quelques coups de fusil avec le corps de la place et revint ensuite reprendre son poste sur la digue.\n\nLe bataillon Le Tellier, envoyé en reconnaissance dès les six heures du matin, arriva sans incident à 500 mètres de la butte qui défendait la porte Ouest de l'enceinte, un peu à droite, à 300 mètres environ de la grande pagode fortifiée de Mien-Hoi-Dong, occupée par l'ennemi. Il y fut reçu par une vive fusillade: c'était le prélude de la journée.\n\nVers dix heures, dans le lointain, au pied de collines, une forte colonne ennemie sortie de la ville se dirigeait vers l'Ouest, tentant sur notre droite un mouvement tournant; quelques-uns de ses tirailleurs avaient déjà atteint la lisière du bois.\n\nLe bataillon Le Tellier, relevé par la légion étrangère dans l'attaque principale, fut chargé de surveiller ce mouvement de l'ennemi; le bataillon Jouneau avait déjà dirigé une compagnie de ce côté. Quelques obus, envoyés à grande distance par une batterie établie sur la digue, jetèrent aussi le trouble dans les masses ennemies.\n\nJ'étais allé le matin examiner le terrain; j'y retournai alors et j'arrêtai les dispositions pour l'attaque.\n\nLe bataillon Dulieu prit position autour d'une pagode située entre le hameau de Ha-Tray et la pointe du village de Phu-Nhi. Le bataillon Jouneau fut mis en réserve le long de la lisière Ouest du village de Phu-Nbi; ces troupes étaient appuyées par la batterie et allaient occuper les positions évacuées. Le bataillon Chevallier, soutenu par une batterie d'artillerie et par le bataillon Reygasse, s'engageait dans la grande rue qui mène à la porte Nord, et le bataillon Roux allait remplacer à Phu-Sa le bataillon Reygasse. Ces derniers mouvements avaient pour but de simuler une attaque sur la porte Nord, que l'ennemi avait accumulé ses plus puissants moyens de défense, et d'attirer son attention de ce côté, tandis que l'attaque principale serait vivement menée contre la porte Ouest.\n\nCette dernière, en effet, quoique défendue par une batterie de quatre pièces, offre à l'attaque des conditions particulièrement favorables. Située à l'extrémité d'un saillant très allongé de la fortification, elle est percée au milieu d'un front en pan coupé de peu d'étendue, 30 mètres environ. Les deux faces S.-O. et N.-O., qui aboutissent à cette porte, peuvent être enfilées facilement par l'assaillant placé aux pagodes Dan-Xa-Trac, Dan-Son-Xuyen, Mien-Hoi-Dong et au marché de Phu-Nhi. Tous les projectiles dirigés sur le retranchement se concentrent dans le quartier Ouest de la ville et contribuent à le rendre inhabitable pour les défenseurs. De plus, l'aile droite de l'assaillant se trouve couverte par l'arroyo, sur lequel les pagodes nous donnent une tête de pont.\n\nEnfin, le terrain, bas près de l'arroyo et près de la digue, où il est même marécageux, se relève peu à peu en approchant de la porte Ouest.\n\nUn tertre isolé est situé près de la route.\n\nL'ennemi ripostait vigoureusement; les projectiles tombaient au milieu des nôtres. Un d'eux atteignit la Fanfare et fut amorti par le blindage en chaînes dont cette canonnière s'était protégée à l'extérieur; l'air...\n\nLe capitaine Godinet et son adjudant sont tués, le commandant Jouneau reçoit une balle dans la cuisse, le capitaine Cuny est blessé au bras; le lieutenant Clavet, qui le remplace, tombe frappé d'une balle quelques instants après. Les obus occasionnaient de grands ravages; ils démontaient des pièces et réduisaient les batteries au silence près. L'incendie des maisons voisines allumé par l'ennemi offre un nouvel obstacle. La nuit approche.\n\nLe colonel Bazin et le colonel de Maussion, préoccupés de défendre les positions conquises avant de pousser plus loin, font commencer un retranchement en avant de la plaine jusqu'au village de Phu-Tu-Dong.\n\nLa flottille et le convoi avaient suivi le mouvement des troupes et étaient venus mouiller un peu en amont, au point d'où l'on aperçoit la tour de la citadelle, les remorqueurs et bâtiments de charge accostés par le travers et en aval.\n\nÀ Noi, une batterie enfile la digue vers l'Ouest. Cette batterie est reliée avec les défenses du village Van-Mien par une palissade de Noï.\n\nLa digue du Nord est organisée en batterie casematée. Chaque pièce a sa casemate; entre les casemates sont des créneaux pour le fusil. Cette batterie a vue sur le fleuve et sur le terrain qui le sépare de la digue jusqu'à l'embarcadère. Un mirador entièrement construit est destiné à concourir, avec le gros canon de Phu-Sa, à enfiler le fleuve. Il n'est pas armé.\n\nLa citadelle se compose de plus de 100 pièces de canon, dont la moitié environ sont de petit calibre et susceptibles d'être déplacées.",
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        "page_number": 372,
        "title": "CO129-230 - Public Offices & Others - 1886",
        "content_text": "28\n\nInclosure in No. 32.\n\nCommercial Report on a Journey through the Provinces of Ssu-ch'uan, Yun-nan, Kwang-si, and Kuei-chou, from October 26, 1885, to May 5, 1886.\n\nPART\n\nI. Ch'ung-ch'ing Fu to Pi-chieh Hsien 15\n\nII. Pi-chieh Hsien to Yün-nan Fu\n\nIII. Yun-nan Fu to Ssu-mao Ting 39\n\nIV. Ssu-mao Ting to K'ai-hua Fu 73\n\nV. K'ai-hua Fu to Nan-ning Fu\n\nVI. Nan-ning-Fu to Kuei-yang Fu 22\n\nVII. Kuei-yang Fu to Ch'ung-ch'ing Fu\n\nAPPENDIX\n\nII. 13\n\nI. Prices of Foreign Imports, La-kin, &c.\n\nNon-Chinese Races\n\n\"\n\nIII. Explanation of Route Sketches, Atmospheric Pressure, Temperature, Latitude of Positions, &c.\n\nPages 28-33\n\nReport.\n\nPART 1.--Ch'ung-ch'ing Fu to Pi-chieh Hsien.\n\nON the 10th October, 1885, I received instructions from Her Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires to set out at once upon a journey through the south-western provinces of China, \"to inquire into the commercial condition and communications\" of that little-known region, and \"into the probable effect which the trade clauses of the Treaty recently concluded between France and China will exercise upon British commerce with the inland markets of Kwang-tung, Kwang-si, and Yün-nan.” I was to go through Yün-nan Fu to P'u-êrh Fu, and then, if possible, along the Tonquin border to Nan-ning Fu, in Kwang-si, and to return to Ch'ung-ch'ing through the Provinces of Kwang-si and Kuei-chou.\n\nOn the morning of the 26th October we started from Ch'ung-ch'ing, the party consisting of thirty persons, namely: nineteen porters, whose function was to carry men and baggage; their leader, who was responsible for property, for the due carriage thereof, and for the conduct of the gang; a Chinese clerk and his servant, a Lieutenant, with his son, and two men forming an escort kindly provided by the local authorities; an official messenger and myself, and two servants.\n\nFrom Ch'ung-ch'ing to Lu-chou we followed the land route on the left bank of the Yang-tzu; the country is best described as a sea of hills. As the roads cross the little cols from one valley to the next, one has the impression of being at a great height, perhaps because the horizon is cut off at a short distance in all directions by hills of the same height as that upon which one is standing, but, in reality, an horizontal section 800 feet above the level of the Yang-tzu* would have these hills beneath it. In fact, Ssu-ch'uan, between the Ch'êng-tu Plain and Kuei Fu—the Ssu-ch'uan known to commerce—is a comparatively low-lying region enclosed on north, west, and south by lofty mountains. On the west, I need give no authority; on the north, Captain Gill gives 13,148 feet as the height of the Hsueh Shan Pass, north-north-west of Ch'êng-tu; and the Chinese report the whole northern frontier to be very mountainous. On the south of this district, there runs a line of limestone buttresses forming the northern boundary of the Yün-nan Kuei-chou plateau, and coinciding roughly with the frontier between Ssu-ch'uan and Kuei-chou and Yün-nan. We shall have to cross these mountains in the sequel. This peculiarity of position perhaps accounts for the somewhat anomalous climate of Central Ssu-ch'uan, which is scorchingly hot for a short time in summer, warm in winter, and covered from November to April by clouds and mist.\n\nThere are two or three ranges between Ch'ung-ch'ing and Lu-chou with summits about 2,000 feet above the sea, but little hills and narrow valleys form the distinctive\n\n* Mr. Baber has determined the altitude of the Yang-tzu at Ch'ung-ch'ing to be 620 feet, and that of his house in the city to be 845 feet above the sea-level (see Royal Geographical Society's Supplementary Papers, vol. i, Part I, p. 145). The difference between Captain Gill's altitudes of Ch'ung-ch'ing and Ch'êng-tu is 454 feet, which gives the Ch'êng-tu Plain an altitude of 1,300 feet (see \"River of Golden Sand,\" vol. ii, p. 417).",
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        "page_number": 376,
        "title": "CO129-230 - Public Offices & Others - 1886",
        "content_text": "32\n\n373\n\nof steep bad road we reached a Buddhist monastery built at the highest point in a pass through a range that runs east and west—the Hsueh Shan, marked Su Shan on European maps. The pass I make 5,550 feet above the sea; there hung in the monastery an antithetical couplet, presented by an official early in the century, which may be paraphrased as follows:—\n\nTo have a nature broad, strong, and under control is to be God (\"Ji\"), and Prince, and Spirit, and Buddha: to be of high virtue is to be Ruler, and General, and Prophet, and God (\"Shên\").\n\nIn countries where religion is taken seriously, one might be astonished that such a Catholic text should figure in a Buddhist temple dedicated to the God of War.\n\nHaving taken lunch, and boiled our thermometer under the shade of this inscription, we proceeded south. No sooner were we out of the monastery door than a steep descent began along the dip of strata running down towards the river. We descended right away for about 8 miles, and struck the river at a level of 2,040 feet above the sea, having descended 3,480 feet from the monastery. It was dusk when we reached the river—the Chih-shui Ho—but it appeared a swift stream, 70 yards wide, and shallow for the most part. It takes its rise, according to a Map lent me by the Magistrate of the Pi-chieh district, in the mountains to the west, not far from Lao-wa-t'an, and flows hence to join the Yang-tzu at Ho-chiang Hsien, forming, where we crossed it, the boundary between Ssu-ch'uan and Kuei-chou. It is not navigable here.\n\nWe crossed the river in a ferry-boat, and set foot in the Province of Kuei-chou by the light of Venus and the new moon, set in the purple light of the sun some time sunk beneath the horizon. Heads of General Pao's braves in cages lined the road, and were in keeping with the dusky stillness of the scene. The opposite ascent begins at once. The regular inns were all crowded with General Pao's braves; but we found a cottage, some 200 feet above the river, which we rented for 8d., a sum that included the services of a cadet of the family, who sat up all night to watch my sedan, and to keep the pig out of doors. Next day we continued the ascent, leaving the sandstone which prevails at the level of the river, through calcareous rocks—chalk, shale, and limestone—dipping to the north-east, and broken into deep precipices on the south-west, beneath the upper edge of the strike. Three miles from the river, at Kao-shan P'u, observation of boiling-point gave an elevation of 4,068 feet. Thus, the valley of the Chih-shui Ho is a huge ravine causing, within 11 miles of road, a descent of 3,480 feet, and a corresponding ascent of 2,000 feet, a crux for the railway engineer who may come this way.\n\nEight miles further south, at a village named Pai-ai, I saw for the first time Miao-tzu, or aborigines of Kuei-chou. Next to nothing is known in Europe about the non-Chinese races of Southern China, although they probably form much more than half the population of Yün-nan and Kwang-si, and are very numerous in Kuei-chou and Western Hunan,* a rich district lying between the 22nd and 28th degree of latitude, and larger than France in area.\n\nThe subject is as interesting from the point of view of science or history as from that of politics and commerce. All the information I was able to gather about these races will be found collected in Appendix II, where the facts are recorded on which the occasional remarks given in the body of this Report are based.\n\nAn overcast sky, which greeted us when we turned out from our quarters at E-lo-mi, grew thicker as the morning advanced, and an east wind brought down the temperature to 40 degrees Fahrenheit, quite enough to make people who had just passed through the Chung-ch'ing summer thoroughly miserable. Sleet and the want of breakfast further embittered our condition, for there was not a house for miles. Snow stopped us at a miserable village named Chin-yin-shan, where the whole place was occupied by braves. We had to put up at inn with six of them. They (the landlord and his wife) all smoked opium, and kept talking half the night, as the manner of opium-smokers is, adding walnuts to their feast of opium and flow of soul, and cracking them on the wooden partitions with the nearest piece of furniture. About midnight some of their friends arrived from a neighbouring inn to discuss the abortive campaign, so that sleep was difficult.\n\nOn the 12th November we reached Pi-chieh Hsien, a busy district town situated in a long fertile valley yielding good crops of opium and rice. The place is sufficiently supplied with piece-goods from Yung-ning Hsien, and the prices were little dearer than at that town. However, half the population are Lo-lo and Miao-tzu, the district Map, which I borrowed from the Magistrate, being so covered with aboriginal Chieftainships and exceptions to the jurisdiction as to have the interesting appearance of a geological survey.\n\n* Exclusive of Western Ssu-ch'uan and the Thibetan marches, the abode of Lo-lo, Ku-isung, and Si-fan.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-235 - Public Offices - 1887",
        "page_number": 406,
        "title": "CO129-235 - Public Offices - 1887",
        "content_text": "403 \n\nPrinted for the use of the Foreign Office. August 29, 1887. \n\n**C.0.** \n**19424** \n**RECP** \n**REG926 SEP 87** \n\nSir J. Walsham to the Marquis of Salisbury.—(Received July 25.) \n\nMy Lord, \n\nI HAVE the honour to forward herewith to your Lordship the second part of the Report, accompanied by a Map, which Mr. Bourne, until recently Her Majesty's Consular Agent at Ch'ungking, has drawn up relating to his journey in South-west China. \n\nPeking, May 27, 1887.\n\nAs I anticipated in transmitting the first part of this Report to the Earl of Rosebery in my despatch of the 22nd July last, the progress of Mr. Bourne's work was much delayed by the events connected with the outbreak at Ch'ungking last summer, but I am glad to say that he is still in a position to complete the Report, the other sections of which I shall have the honour of forwarding to your Lordship as soon as they are finished. \n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) **JOHN WALSHAM**\n\n## Inclosure 1. \n\n### Second Part of Report by Mr. F. S. A. Bourne relating to his Journey in South-west China. \n\n#### Part II.-Pi-chieh Hsien to Yünnan Fu. \n\nTHE second part of this Report with a Map was finished and lying packed for transmission when on the 1st July last my house at Ch'ungking was looted by the rioters and the packet lost, as well as the portion of my journal from Yunnan Fu to P'u-erh Fu and all my observations for longitude and latitude. It being thus impossible to construct original Maps I have copied the principal positions from the Map in Rocher's Yunnan. This and the next Map are merely intended to display, in convenient form, the contour observations. \n\nIn the interesting picture which the remembrance of the country between Pi-chieh Hsien and the plain of Yunnan Fu recalls to the traveller's mind, one of the most abiding features is the poverty-stricken look of the people. But this is really merely a matter of clothes, that is, of cotton. The district lies about halfway between the plain of the Lower Yang-tzu and Burmah, whence North Yünnan gets its cotton. \n\nA scanty population off the trade route, with nothing to offer in exchange but a little opium, the inhabitants of this part of the plateau, well off in some respects, are half-naked or in rags. Food is extraordinarily cheap in this part; eggs, for instance, costing a penny for fourteen and a fowl 3d. \n\nThis district was the border land between the Mahommedan rebellion in Yünnan and that of the Miao-tzu or Aborigines in Kuei-chou, and many places were taken and retaken by both hordes of rebels and by the Imperialists, each engagement ending in an indiscriminate slaughter and burning. The district between Pi-chieh and Hsuan-nei once flourished on the profits of silver and brass mining. The metals are still there the natives say, and I was invited over and over again to open works. The condition of the people will doubtless improve here, as in Chao-t'ong Fu on the north-west, when the mines are worked again. \n\nAfter passing the picturesque valley of the Chi-hsing River through narrow limestone gorges, we reached half-way between Chi-chia-nan and Hui-shui-tang, a place named \n\n[46]",
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    {
        "id": 335793,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-235 - Public Offices - 1887",
        "page_number": 409,
        "title": "CO129-235 - Public Offices - 1887",
        "content_text": "## \nwith an elevated broken plateau having an average height of about 5,000 feet, and no communication by water with the plains that encompass it on the north, south, and east, and that this plateau breaks away precipitately to the valleys of the Yang-tzu on the north, and the Irrawaddy, Mekong, and Red River on the west and south, and somewhat more easily to the valley of the Canton West River and to the plains of Kwang-si and Hunan on the south and east. It should farther be noted that this elevated district, which projects for 10° of longitude between Indo-China and the Yang-tzu, has no level surface whatever except an occasional lake basin, and that on the west and south-west its rivers and streams have eaten out deep broad ravines that are often impassable and always difficult and dangerous, both from their steepness and from the poisoned air which they harbour. (See next Part-Yuan-chiang Chou-and Baber's account of the Salween, R. G. S. Supplementary Papers, p. 177.) \n\nTo return to Yünnan Fu, it will now appear clearly that this city is at the end of each of these routes, and occupies a central position admirable as a seat of Government, supplied as it is with abundant food from the drained part of the ancient lake. If there were water communication, or even fair roads across the plateau, there would doubtless be a great entrepôt at Yunnan Fu, but an inspection of the altitudes observed on this journey and by Mr. Baber must make an exchange of products across this district a priori very unlikely. Actually, I found that the different sides of this plateau are supplied from the nearest lowland. Thus, to take two examples, cotton and tobacco, both absolute necessities to Chinese existence, which the plateau does not produce: cotton is supplied to North Yünnan from Ssü-ch'uan, to West Yünnan as far east as Yünnan Fu from Burmah, to South-west Yünnan as far east as Mêng-tzu Hsien from the Shan States and Siam, to South-east Yünnan from Canton, and to Kuei-chou from Hankow by the Yuan River. Tobacco is supplied to the north of the province from Ssu-ch'uan and to the south from Canton. Salt, another necessary, of which the plateau does not afford a sufficient supply, enters the province from Ssu-ch'uan, Burmah, Tonquin (before the new Treaty), and the Kwang-si Province. \n\nBut there are adventitious circumstances which make Yünnan Fu more important as a trade centre than it deserves, or is likely to remain. The whole of the tea consumed in the province and a large share of the better quality of tea consumed in Ssu-ch'uan, together with a small quantity sent to Thibet, come from the Shan States outside Ssă-mao, and of this trade Yünnan Fu is the depôt. Excepting small quantities consumed locally and a few caravans that go direct to Western Yunnan and Thibet by the Ching-tung Valley, the whole out-turn of this tea-Pu-erh tea as it is called-goes to Yünnan Fu; this tea may be valued at about 50,000l. per annum. A great part goes to Western Yunnan, for the supply of which we may expect our Assam planters to provide in the future. \n\nAgain, the exhaustion caused by 20 years of indiscriminate slaughter and pillage, involving the destruction of the old industries of the province-mining, silk rearing, and manufacture, &c.—with which increased demand for opium in Ssú-ch'uan and the eastern provinces happened to coincide, led to the adoption of poppy cultivation as the great industry of the plateau. Yunnan and Kuei-chou now pay for the whole of their foreign imports in opium, the merchants of Nanning Fu and Hongkong having often to wait for their money until the Canton and Kwang-si Provinces have paid for the Yunnan and Kuei-chou opium crop. Yunnan Fu is a depôt of the opium trade of Eastern Yünnan and of the foreign and Canton goods that are received in exchange. \n\nExports from Yünnan Fu are opium, Pu-erh tea, drugs, and copper, and the imports are cotton, tobacco, and foreign goods. \n\nThe first thing to notice about foreign imports is that the description of piece-goods, much the most important item, differs greatly from that in vogue on the Yang-tzu, so that the reason for this is that, there being water communication to Chungking, a heavier description of goods is sent than to Yunnan, where pack animals and porters are the only means of carriage, so that every additional pound of weight per piece forms a serious addition to cost of transit. Prices for my samples would therefore have been delusive, but the conclusion seemed to be that prices were rather higher, and that for goods of lighter texture and inferior quality than at Ch'ungking. Foreign goods, almost without exception, come from Hong Kong by way of Pakhoi or Ch'in-chou to Nanning Fu, thence by boat to Po-sê T'ing and Po-ngai, and thence by caravan through Kwang-nan Fu. Suggestions as to improvements were, that aniline dyes should regain their former excellence; that long ells should be stouter, somewhat absurd considering that the same merchant had explained why they were so flimsy; and that piece-goods should be dyed a light blue, which was all the fashion, instead of the habitual indigo. \n\n## ROUTE SKETCH \nTO ILLUSTRATE REPORT BY \nF. S.A. BOURNE. \n\n## II. \nPI-CHIEH HSIEN \nΟΙ \nYUN NAN-FU. \n\n| Location        | Altitude (English Feet) |\n|-----------------|-------------------------|\n| Kan-show-p      |                         |\n| PI-CHIEH KSIEN  | 4950                    |\n| Piny shan pay   |                         |\n| Lane Cha-hoing R.(not nav.) | 9180        |\n| WEI-NING CHOU   |                         |\n| Chin-to         |                         |\n| apr 5 Lion san p'u | 6430               |\n|                         | 3853               |\n| Ko tu B. (not nav.)     | 5220               |\n| (Boundary between Yunnan and Kao-chou) |        |\n| Gure man        |                         |\n| T'ang tang      | 5830                    |\n| (not nav.)      |                         |\n| HSUAN WEI CHOU  | 6650                    |\n| Pan ch tao      | 6530                    |\n| Ramy - ouye - Bway | +6740              |\n| 2 CHAN-) CHOU   | +6350                   |\n|                 | 6370                    |\n| YUN-NAN FU      |                         |\n| Yorry lin       |                         |\n| MA LUNG CHOU____| 6930                    |\n|                 | 6830                    |\n| 1.1ung          | (12 -8/97, 1331/8.0 486  |\n\nEnglish Miles \n10 5 0 \n\nSema að saga Jumam \nHarrison & Sons, Lith. S' Martien Lana.W.C",
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        "page_number": 410,
        "title": "CO129-235 - Public Offices - 1887",
        "content_text": "The race of the population of this city would be an interesting study. There are strong differences from the Chinese type, and many of these people with long straight noses and regular features would appear strange Chinese at Canton or Shanghae. The mixture is probably Lolo or Turk (Mahommedan). The Lolos stretch from their home in South-west Ssu-ch'uan to the borders of Burmah and Tonquin, and perhaps beyond. The variety near Yunnan Fu, the Sa-la Lolo, is a somewhat debased branch of that extended race. Of the Mahommedans there, there are two stocks in the Yunnan Province, centred in Ta-li Fu and Lin-ngan Fu. The former profess to be sprung from Mahommedan soldiers of Genghis Khan, who were settled in Western Yünnan in the thirteenth century by Sa-ha-ma-ting and by the Prince of Hsien-yang (Hsien-yang Wang), lieutenants of that monarch: the latter are said to have migrated from Shensi. Some Mahommedan families can trace their genealogy back to one or other of these hordes without a break. Their family names (Hsing) are usually one of the following syllables, which are said to represent foreign words, Sa, Ha, Ma, Na, Hu, Su, Sai. I had not the time that the subject deserves, but the traveller cannot fail to be struck by the very un-Chinese appearance of some of these Mahommedans.\n\nChinkiang, May 8, 1887.\n\n(Signed)\n**FREDK. S. A. BOURNE**\n\n407\n\n## Inclosure 2.\n**Route Sketch to illustrate preceding Report. II.-Pi-chieh Hsien to Yünnan Fu.**",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-259 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1893 [5-8]",
        "page_number": 412,
        "title": "CO129-259 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1893 [5-8]",
        "content_text": "the despatch by proposing \n\nproposing to appoint and tas unofficials with \n\ntus \n\nofficials \n\nthe Chief Justice, \n\nim \n\nitial at once \n\nimpartial \n\nonce by \n\nposition and by temperament, as Chairman. M. Whitehead has fought for a clear comfficial majority and has rejected the governor's suggested \n\nie. that there should be compromise two officials, including the chairman, \n\nI think the and two unofficials. \n\nle. \n\nChief Justice's letters are conclusive \n\nmi while If the subject \n\nWhitehead's \n\nagainst this contention. \n\nwere one \n\non which no \n\nparty \n\nanimus \n\nhad been shown, there would be no \n\nobjection great - though I still think some obje !! an un \n\nBut, maltes unofficial majority. having come to the pass on which they \n\nare, it seems to me that it is notd fair to appoint a committee in which the unofficials, having taken the line they have, outnumber their official \n\nto \n\none \n\nto be \n\ncolleagues. on there seems For this reason An objection to Mr Johnsons suggesting \n\nColonial Secretary \n\nShould \n\nthat a new colonial \n\nbe Chairman of a penely unsificial compritter. \n\n? do not think that one \n\nMom Th \n\ngovernment officer \n\nshould \n\nIreside over the deliberations of men who have taken \n\n\"up the position of strong opposition to the government'; the and I think that, in such a case, igrorance of \n\ndisadvantage \n\ndl. Sec. put first t when Itswart With \n\n10). \n\nas put This LACE \n\nlocal circumstances would rather be a than otherwise. It is true that the committely \n\nWhich recommended the increase A Salaries was thus constituted, but the circumstances were lifferent. \n\nthen \n\nOfficers of \n\nthe downt them were \n\nThe unofficials, thought that the love under haid, and recommendations from \n\nikely to carry \n\nmore weight than it interested men \n\nhad been on the committee. They were tresided over, if I remember right by the acting Chief I \n\nliktely \n\nJudge Justice \n\nZun \n\n3 \n\nthe service, \n\n*U \n\nas being one outside the \n\nI \n\nordistary \n\nin \n\nbut it was a friendly unbiassed committee Whereas a similar committee now would be one Which &aft the other the Chairman would belong \n\nPug5/10 to one \n\nharty and all the other members to another. It seems to me that there are \n\nCourses ohen, \n\nas \n\nthe \n\nonly \n\nFuro \n\ngovernor suggests! \n\nmembers of Council to \n\nUnofficial \n\n(a) to allow the I'm \n\nform \n\na committee \n\nof enquiry \n\nby themselves. \n\nwith a pi-ssible modification to be indicated \n\nbelow. \n\n(6) to appoint Scholle from \n\na. \n\nmmissioner or \n\noutside the \n\nCommissioners \n\ncolony \n\nTo The first course has this i'm its favour,",
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        "document_key": "CO129-299 - Administrator Major Gen Gascoigne - 1900 [5-6]",
        "page_number": 204,
        "title": "CO129-299 - Administrator Major Gen Gascoigne - 1900 [5-6]",
        "content_text": "## THE EASTERN TELEGRAPH COMPANY, LIMITED\n\nLONDON STATIONS:  \nCHIEF STATION: 11, OLD BROAD STREET, E.C.  \nBRANCH STATIONS:  \n& LEADENHALL STREET, E.C.  \n3, GREAT TOWER STREET, E.C.  \n37, HOLBORN VIADUCT, E.C.  \nAnd 449, STRAND, W.C.  \n206a, WINCHESTER HOUSE, E.C.  \n41 & 42, PARLIAMENT ST., S.W.  \nForeign Auction Hall, COVENT GARDEN, W.C.\n\n| Foreign No. | No. of Words for | REMARKS |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\nHe was most emphatic about the necessity for an officer knowing the Cantonese and Shanghai dialects, and the uselessness of a G.P.O. officer for the boat. It was proposed by Mr. Fiddian.\n\n## Telegram Received\n\nFrom: Amilo  \nDated: 19/5/1  \nTo: ...  \nAddress: ...  \nHow Now: J. 198  \nChapter: 19  \nTime: 9.18 a.m.\n\nDeclines appointment as Shanghai and I send by first opportunity. Successor should be trained and take over as soon as possible. Salary 2880 dollars per annum. Must be free, married or single.\n\nRed. 9.18 a.m. Th. get away for the boat to England. The letter for Commander Hastings has therefore been torn up. I submit...\n\nNo inquiry respecting this Telegram can be attended to without the production of this Paper. CONDITIONS UPON WHICH THIS MESSAGE HAS BEEN ACCEPTED.-The Telegraph Companies and Administrations through whose hands this message has passed, will not be responsible in any case for anything done, or omitted to be done, beyond the limits of their Stations or Telegraphs; any MISTAKES OR DELAYS in the transmission or delivery of, nor for the NON-TRANSMISSION, MIS-DELIVERY or NON-DELIVERY of message, from whatever cause arising. Any complaint, however, will meet with every attention on being brought to the notice of the Company.\n\n**REPLIES SHOULD BE ADDRESSED \"VIA EASTERN.\"**\n\nWaterlow & Bone Limited, Printers, London Wall, London.\n\nPage 201  \nRC 19 MAY 00  \n15586  \nChs 19/5  \nCheeiving Form.\n\nCommander Hastings called here and stated that there was no one whom he could recommend. He had refused. It appears that the soldier had refused because he was informed that if he took it, he would have to march his substitute when he took vacation leave. We had better write to Hoy Kay.\n\nCommander Hastings also said that Sing. Murray Jeth. Forman said it was quite out of the question.\n\n`XCR(85)72` is not present in the original text, but `GR1178/1922/32(III)` is not present either. However, there is `Chs 19/5`. \n\n2nd Ampthill (PI-21) to see Sun 7. See also 15855 21/5 at once.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-299 - Administrator Major Gen Gascoigne - 1900 [5-6].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 382112,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-307 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 95,
        "title": "CO129-307 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "though I believe it would be quite safe\n\nC.PL\n\n11. Oct.\n\nIn M. Ommanney\n\npuvati from the attached letter from his E. Wand\n\nIt appears that Lord Robertî\n\nreduction;\n\nLA\n\noffond\n\nand the C.b.C. Memo.\n\nW.o. Send us\n\nou\n\nto hi\n\nwhich\n\n38145 [herewith] propos\n\nand in this W.0. and\n\nAn increase - and in\n\nAdumally concin.\n\nIn rico\n\nof there, acts\n\nit seems difficult to comply\n\nthe Chancellor of the Exchequer.\n\nwishes\n\nq\n\nIn Chamberlain,\n\nthe sacroption furrison recommend If the Cob.defuce Committee for Hongkong Comprises 3265 Infantry Ranks and File,\n\nof which 904 should be British - the present Infantry strength seems to be 2,160 of which about 460 are British. The Infantry is therefore not up to strength, but is also weak in the British element.\n\nthe withdrawal of an\n\nwould the Corps\n\nA\n\nIndian regiment\n\nPas effectuer.\n\n\"I press on Sir E. Ward the necessity of meeting his wishes and that at a time of pressure like the present\n\nwe must take long risk which to\n\nCould\n\nto for\n\nhe felt was not, just now, a\n\nin the case of Hong Kong.\n\nserious cut\n\nCits the affection of the Commander in Chief, the G.O.C in Hong Kong & the Governor against the reduction, we Cannot well press it.\n\n*\n\nI am opaid\n\nCornst or any day\n\nof the pi\n\nin presenting shep I think thes\n\nThe Ichr\n\nsoms wit\n\nCopy leppt. & the\n\nthe 2.\n\nWro\n\n31/10\n\nSu\n\nT.O\n\nUpon reviewing the original text and the output, I made some corrections and adjustments according to the given rules.\n\nHere is the corrected output in HTML format:\n\nC.PL\n\n11. Oct.\n\nMinute by M. Ommanney\n\nIt appears from the attached letter from Sir E. Ward\n\nthat Lord Roberts is in favour of a reduction;\n\nbut the C-in-C Hongkong and the C.B.C. Memo.\n\nare opposed to it.\n\nW.O. send us a proposal (No. 38145) herewith\n\nand in this W.O. and\n\nan increase is actually contemplated.\n\nAdministratively, it seems difficult to comply\n\nwith the wishes of the Chancellor of the Exchequer.\n\nIn Chamberlain's view,\n\nthe garrison for Hongkong should comprise 3265 Infantry Ranks and File,\n\nof which 904 should be British - the present Infantry strength seems to be 2160, of which about 460 are British. The Infantry is therefore not up to strength, but is also weak in the British element.\n\nThe withdrawal of an Indian regiment\n\nwould be ineffective.\n\n\"I press on Sir E. Ward the necessity of meeting his wishes and that at a time of pressure like the present\n\nwe must take long views and not be deterred by risks.\n\nHe felt that this was not, just now, a\n\nserious cut in the case of Hong Kong.\n\nCiting the opinion of the Commander in Chief, the G.O.C in Hong Kong & the Governor against the reduction, we cannot well press it.\n\nI am prepared to see Cornst on any day\n\nand to present the case. I think the\n\nreasons are somewhat weak.\n\nCopy kept. & the\n\npapers were\n\nsent on 31/10\n\nto Su\n\nT.O\n\nHowever, to follow the exact instruction to output only the original corrected text in HTML using  for paragraphs (and \n only if absolutely necessary) without any additional processing, here is the revised output:\n\nthough I believe it would be quite safe\n\nC.PL\n\n11. Oct.\n\nIn M. Ommanney\n\nIt appears from the attached letter from his E. Ward\n\nthat Lord Roberts\n\nis in favour of a reduction;\n\nand the C-in-C Hongkong Memo.\n\nW.O. send us a proposal (No.38145) herewith\n\nand in this W.O. an increase is contemplated.\n\nAdministratively, it seems difficult to comply\n\nwith the Chancellor of the Exchequer's wishes.\n\nIn Chamberlain's view, the garrison for Hongkong should comprise 3265 Infantry Ranks and File,\n\nof which 904 should be British - the present Infantry strength seems to be 2160, of which about 460 are British. The Infantry is therefore not up to strength, but is also weak in the British element.\n\nThe withdrawal of an Indian regiment would be ineffective.\n\n\"I press on Sir E. Ward the necessity of meeting his wishes and that at a time of pressure like the present\n\nwe must take long views and not be deterred by risks.\n\nHe felt that this was not, just now, a serious cut in the case of Hong Kong.\n\nCiting the opinion of the Commander in Chief, the G.O.C in Hong Kong & the Governor against the reduction, we cannot well press it.\n\nI am prepared to see Cornst on any day\n\nin presenting the case. I think the reasons are somewhat weak.\n\nCopy kept. & the papers were sent on 31/10 to Su T.O",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-307 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [10-12].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 383066,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-308 - Public Offices - 1901",
        "page_number": 211,
        "title": "CO129-308 - Public Offices - 1901",
        "content_text": "2\n\nof the Colonial authorities over the movements of these two notorious promoters of sedition. This is a matter of great and commanding importance. For, great has been the havoc done to the common interests of China and foreign countries by the troubles which have taken place in Chihli, it is as nothing compared to the evils which would result from a rising in those parts of China where the machinations of Kang Yu-wei and his accomplices are endeavouring to promote disaffection and sedition.\n\nIn order to facilitate the execution of any instructions which Her Majesty's Government may be pleased to give the Consuls and the authorities at Hong Kong and the Straits Settlements, I inclose a list of the principal persons connected with Kang Yu-wei, and for the better identification of their names I accompany it with another showing how they are written in Chinese.\n\nI commend the considerations contained in this note to your Lordship's kind attention, and have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nLOFÊNGLUH,\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nList of the Principal Persons connected with the Conspiracy of Kang Yu-wei and Liang Ki-chao. Transliteration of names, according to Wade's Peking Syllabary.\n\nHO LIEN-WANG.\n\nHo Muh-ling.\n\nHsu Ching, a native of the district of Shan Shui in Kwangtung.\n\nLow Chen-ling.\n\nMeh Mung-hwa, a native of the district of Shunteh in Kwangtung. Chen Chung-yen.\n\nYung Wing, or Yung Hung, a native of Canton.\n\nLing Chieh, alias Ling Bou-wei, a native of Hunan.\n\nCha Mao-yun, a graduate of Fung Wangting in Hunan. Kung Chao.\n\nPan Yu-lin, alias Sung-Yin-Tzu-lang, a native of Hunan.\n\nPi Yung-Nien, a graduate of the district of Hwa in Hunan.\n\nSza Ma-ping, alias Szu Hsiang, a hotel-keeper in Shanghae.\n\nKu Jen-chieh, alias Ka Hung-en, a native of Chang Sha.\n\nShen Neh Hien, alias Yu-chi and many others, an expectant Magistrate in Hupeh. Chen Tang, alias Chen Yu-lung, a graduate of Chang-teh.\n\nWang Pao-Ts'u.\n\nChen Yu, alias Chen Li-shen, ringleader of the Tatung disturbances.\n\nLi Sung-chih, a native of Chihli.\n\nYung K'ai alias Yung Chun-poo, a native of Canton and tea merchant at Shanghae.\n\nChen Tsun-Chieh, a graduate and native of Siang Hsiang.\n\nTi Ping, an expectant Magistrate and native of Li Yang.\n\nPage 20\n\nMong Kong,\n\nJanuary 21, 1901\n\nPoliticals.\n\nTo Satow, Esq.,\n\nReferring to my confidential despatch of Sept. 28. What is the present position in regards to agitation at Straits & Hong Kong against Chinese Govt.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-308 - Public Offices - 1901.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 391292,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 253,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "10\n\nThese valleys to the north of Ta Li form a considerable market for foreign goods. Among the very attractive Minchia ladies, I fancied that I noticed an unappeased longing for finery, such as cheap laces, ribbons, and Turkey reds, while their capacity for consuming all kinds of sweetstuff is considerable. They share the labours of the sterner sex, and so add to the labour power of the valleys, which they inhabit.\n\nAfter Hei Nui Shao, we continued somewhat north of east, through fine hill country, with fields and scrub, where an exciting pheasant drive was organized, until we saw the wide plain of Hoching, with its 200 villages spread like a chess board at our feet. We descended the windings of a long spur to the level ground, and struck a wide-paved causeway, some 3 miles south of Hoching city. It was market day, and the traffic was very heavy. Many of the hill Minchia women near Hoching have retained their native kilts and the men their arms, leather shoes, and felt or fur caps, so that they present a picturesque aspect on their return home from market.\n\nHoching Valley can be recommended to the attention of those who would have us believe that Yunnan is a poverty-stricken wilderness. The plain is about 24 miles by 5 miles, and contains about 200 villages, excellently built. The city itself has about 12,000 inhabitants, and is clean and well built, with but little empty space in the walls. The streets are densely crowded every ten days for the market. The place is an important salt and opium entrepôt, and the general prosperity of the inhabitants attracts all sorts of trade. Even dried lichees from Canton may be bought at stalls on the streets. A weaving industry is now springing up, yarn being brought under transit pass from Teng Yueh. I think that the great majority of the people are still clad in Hsin Hsing or Shasi cloth, and only about eighty muleloads of Manchester goods per annum are sold in Hoching, but throughout the valley, the chance of extending Burmah trade seems excellent; some of the merchants with whom I conversed are well acquainted with the commercial advantages offered by the opening of the Teng Yueh Customs; indeed, they stated that before that event, the foreign trade of the valleys north of Ta Li was exceedingly risky, owing to the irregular imposts of all sorts to which it was exposed. The crushing impositions of the Teng Yuch and Yung Chang tax collectors formed but a part of the mischief. I have already noticed the mules of Hoching.\n\nLeaving the North Gate of Hoching, the stone causeway passes some lagoons, and leaving the valley bottom, leads over some downs and through some firwoods to the li-kin station of Chi Ho. The valley is well peopled all along, and the traffic on the road is very considerable.\n\nThe next day we crossed the rocky col of the Lion Hill (Ssu Tzu Shan) and a gentle descent through firwoods brings the traveller out on to the wide plain of Li Chiang. The river which waters the Hoching Plain issues from the north-east of the Lichiang Plain, flows south, under the east foot of the Lion Pass, and so down the Hoching Valley, from the south-east corner of which it issues and joins the Yang-tsze.\n\nLichiung-fu, the Snow Mountain, and the Yang-tsze Bend.\n\nWhile descending from the Lion Pass to the Lichiang Plain, the clouds which had obscured for some days the tops of the ranges, among which we had been travelling, slightly lifted, and disclosed the sharp snow-striped triple peak of the snow mountain, towards which we had been marching for five days. The lower slopes of the mountain were still enfolded in mist, and the impression given was one of enormous height. The Lichiang Snow Mountain—it has no other name—is known far and wide among the natives, and the geographical problems regarding the country at its feet are of sufficient interest to merit a particular description.\n\nThe Lichiang Plain may be considered as divided into three portions, first there is the main valley with the Lion Pass on the south, the city and the range at the back of it on the north, and the hills crossed by the high road from Lichiang to the Yang-tsze and Yung-peh on the east. This covers about 40 square miles, and is, roughly, 8 miles by 6 miles. Then there is the northern section of the plain, which runs up at the back of the city along the east flank of the Snow Mountain for some 9 miles, and, thirdly, over a low col on the west of the main plain, there is the Lashi Pa, a circular valley, with a diameter of 4 miles, sloping gradually down on all sides to a lake in the ...\n\n11\n\n...middle. The main road from Lichiang, west to the Ashi Ferry, on the Yang-tsze, en route to Thibet, runs along the north of this lake, while the road to Chien Chuan skirts the south-east of it, passing under the Wen Pi, or Pencil Hill, a conspicuous wedge-shaped peak, which overhangs the south-west of the main valley. The Pencil Hill, together with the Snow Mountain, balances the geomantic influences, and secures the prosperity of Lichiang.\n\nThe Lichiang Valley possesses a good dark soil which is suitable for opium. Little rice is grown, but the dry land cereals abound. The population is not so dense as that of Hoching Valley, the villages being smaller and further apart. The city itself contains about 8,000 inhabitants, and is situated on the north of the valley near the great snow peak which can be seen from nearly every street corner. It is quite unlike any other prefectural city in China; in the first place, it is at an altitude of 8,100 feet; in the second place there is no wall, the Magistrate's Yamên being quite out in the country; thirdly, streams of pure water issuing from the Dragon pool of the Lung Wang Miao to the north of the city flow alongside the pavement, houses and shops being pleasantly diversified with gardens and orchards; fourthly, it is at the foot of a great snow mountain; and fifthly, the majority of the inhabitants are not Chinese. The houses on the outskirts of the city are well built in the Minchia style, while the centre of the city is a square market-place, where a busy daily market is held. From this square branch three business streets of small wooden shops, where the sellers of cotton cloth, Thibetan wools, and copper and iron-workers are conspicuous. There is also a small paper industry, the paper being made from the bark of the kou tree, while a number of Chinese medicine and musk buyers frequent the place.\n\nTo the north of the city runs the north section of the plain under the east flank of the snow hill; this plain is closed on the north by the spurs through which the Hei Shui, or Blackwater Stream, runs eastward to the Yang-tsze. At the south end of this plain, some 5 miles west of Lichiang, is the market of Pei Sha and several villages, but further north it is barren, stony, and windswept.\n\nSome 6 miles west of Lichiang city a low col which joins the Snow Mountain to Pencil Hill divides the main section of the plain from the Lashi section. Lashi Pa, with its lake, is densely populated and has twenty large villages. Quantities of rice are grown and a number of beasts are bred. The whole of the Lashi Pa is surrounded by pine-clad heights and presents a very beautiful view.\n\nThe inhabitants of the Lichiang Plain and its dependencies fall under three heads: These are the Chinese, mostly immigrants from Hoching; the Minchia, who are chiefly in the south of the valley; and the so-called \"pun ti,\" or natives. These latter call themselves Lashi, and though their language is not the same as that of the Ku Tsung Thibetans of Chung Tien, the difference seems to be dialectic only, and I cannot doubt that the Lashi are the most southern branch of the true Thibetan stock. Their sepia complexion, their fondness for lamaseries and woollen garments and their high cheek bones all proclaim their affinity. The young women usually wear hats like Chinamen, but with long tassels and gilt embroidery. The Lashis form the majority of the inhabitants of Lichiang city, the bulk of the population of Lashi Pa, and they seem to entirely monopolize the Yang-tsze bend. In the latter country their houses are often made of nothing but wood, while substantial log-huts in the Canadian backwoods style are supplied for the cattle. The Lashi mostly speak a little \"pidgin\" Chinese, and have ancestral tablets in their houses. They are friendly and hospitable, good carpenters and blacksmiths, and it is to be hoped that their language and history will be studied by some traveller who has time. It will probably be found that they are closely related to the Mosso tribe on the Upper Mekong.\n\nThe inhabitants of Lichiang are sportsmen, and fond of falconry. The hawks, which they fly at pheasants and ducks, are heavy birds, and a good deal of care is spent in looking after them.\n\nI am able to throw some light on the question of the Yang-tsze bend to the north of Lichiang. M. Bonin, the well-known French traveller, who in 1894 went from Yang-tzse bend to Ashi, and, having crossed the Tang-tsze there, proceeded north-east to Tachienlu, surmises that the course of the Yang-tsze was wrongly marked on our old maps, and that the river makes a great curve to the north from Ashi, sweeping round to the south again from a point a little to the south of Yung Ning. I can confirm the truth of M. Bonin's suggestion; there is, in fact, no doubt about the matter. It is perfectly well known to the Yamens at Lichiang that if you go from the city to the Chin Chiang (Golden River), as the Yang-tsze is locally known, in a westerly direction, you strike the stream at Ashi, one long day's march. If you go in an easterly direction you reach the stream on the second day from Lichiang on the Yung-peh road; but if you go in a northerly direction you have to travel six days from Lichiang to reach the Yang-tsze at the northern apex of the bend. The concave or south side of the bend is all in the jurisdiction of Lichiang, while the convex bank belongs to Yung-peh, Yung Ning, and Chung Tien respectively.\n\nThe other question is the trend of the range of which the Lichiang Snow Mountain is such a conspicuous feature. On a survey sketch published by the Government of ...\n\nE.\n\n249",
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    {
        "id": 391301,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 262,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "- 27°15' \n\n- 27° \n\nR.Yang \n\nar Chin Chia \n\n-26°45' \n\nTrend of Snow Mer \n\n1 \n\nR Yaugise \n\nor Chin Chiang \n\npetas 9400 Ft \n\ntại Dương \n\nTien. \n\nShih Ku \n\nAhsi \n\n8000 Ft \n\n5450 F Wishit \n\nFillage \n\nLake \n\nVillage \n\n- 26°30' \n\nChien Chuan \n\nTien Wei \n\n5300 F \n\nJa Ku \n\n$6800 F \n\n? \n\nMin Yin \n\nChu Lo \n\n84-00F \n\nHos Poa Shao 10,000 F \n\nHei Shui \n\nSpurs running \n\nPeak \n\n17000 Ft \n\n+Co! \n\nEast and West \n\n10400 \n\nFillage \n\nPei Sha \n\nChiang Fu \n\n8:00, \n\npass 9900 \n\n\"Po Chuch \n\n8200f \n\nMcWen Pi \n\n11.000 F \n\nSsu tzu \n\nShao 8600 \n\nTo Yungpu R. {Mekong System; \n\n-26°15' \n\nKuan Yin Shan \n\nHo-ching \n\n7500 Ft \n\nKira La \n\npess \n\n10600 P \n\nbridge \n\nChin Chiang \n\nR Yangtse \n\nSan Chuí Tang \n\n8600 Ft \n\n⚫Sung Kwei \n\nLang Kung. \n\n7300 Ft \n\n89% \n\n-26° \n\nTeng Chuan \n\n \n\nYung peh ting. \n\nNo. 3. \n\nVALLEYS NORTH OF TA LI FU \n\nAND THE \n\nYANGTSE BEND. \n\nBatman Boos. Lith. 3: Marina Lane FC. \n\nScale, inch-8 miles. \n\n(60 71303. 1238) SW Chinu Vol \n\n \n\nH \n\n \n\ni \n\n \n\nNo. 4. \n\nCHIEN CHUAN TO THE MEKONG AND DOWN TO FEI LUNG BRIDGE. \n\nScale, \n\ninch=8 miles.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 395033,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "page_number": 370,
        "title": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "content_text": "4\n\nmountainous country. In easy country Lisaw transport is far inferior to mules. If the Lisaw smokes opium at all, he generally smokes it badly. He will sleep out anywhere, and will snore all night with nothing but a piece of goat skin between himself and deep snow, at a height of 9,000 feet.\n\nI had no sort of trouble with any of the Lisaw with whom I had to deal, and I should say that they are easier to get on with than Kachins.\n\nThe Lisaws are scattered and disunited, and are not I think capable of serious resistance to any one. The Lisaw \"rebellion\" which occurred two years ago in this part of the country was purposely much exaggerated by the Chinese mandarins in search of buttons and promotions.\n\nOn the 7th March, we marched east from Lan Ma, following up the stream and over a wild mountain range by a pass known as Kan Tsai Ling (8,700 feet). From one point in the ascent there is a fine view of the Kan Liang Pass and of the range which forms the British frontier. We then passed back into the Shweli Basin and descended through forest, with the monastery of Ying Feng Ssu, a well-known place of local pilgrimage, perched on a conspicuous wooded spur 3,000 feet above us on our right; descending further we struck the valley of Tien Tang, or the west branch of the Shweli River, near the small market of La Hsing. Like all the upper waters of the Shweli, the river is 30-40 yards broad, very clear and cold, and nearly everywhere fordable in dry weather, and only 1-3 feet deep, flowing swiftly over a bottom of slippery stones. The valley of the Tien Tang is about 14 miles broad, and is well peopled and cultivated.\n\nFollowing up this valley we passed into the territory of the Tien Tang Headman Tsai, about 14 miles before reaching Ying Pan Market, which consists of forty wattle bamboo huts. The Headman's house is near this, and he came out to see me.\n\nHe represents the eighth generation of Chiefs of Tien Tang, his ancestors, who were of Chinese origin, having established themselves at Tien Tang in the reign of Hung Wu of the Ming dynasty. Like all other Chinese Chiefs in this country, his ancestor was a military adventurer. The little territory of Tien Tang is divided into six \"pai's,\" or parishes, each containing four or five hamlets of five to twenty families. There are not more than 300 families in the whole of Tsai's jurisdiction. Tsai himself is a dirty, opium-smoking Chinese, of about 45 years of age, in no way to be distinguished from the ordinary villager. I gave him some whisky, which he appreciated, and he then supplied me with a number of details concerning the country round about. Finally, after having commissioned his nephew, a squat youth in straw sandals, to look after me, the Lord of the Valley shambled back to his opium couch with a bottle of his new Scotch acquaintance under his arm.\n\nWe continued up the valley by a good road, and camped at the hamlet (ten families) of Ta Ping Ti, on a terrace 300 feet above the Tien Tang stream. This is near the north end of the valley, and there is a good view of the hills forming the crest of the N'maikha watershed.\n\nThe next day, passing the village of Ma Li Pa (thirty families), 14 miles from and 250 feet below Ta Ping Ti, we ascended an upland valley in a northerly direction. On both sides of Ma Li Pa the tops of the hills were covered with snow. The track which we followed was good, even for mules, right up to the crest of the water-divide at the pass of Pan Wa, 8 miles from Ta Ping Ti. After Ma Li Pa we only passed one village about 6 miles from the pass, but there were extensive patches of cultivation, and the valley, until close to its head, was open, and covered with bracken and pine trees. This road is often followed by Lisaws and petty Chinese traders. The first village on the N'maikha side is said to be Chang Yin Kot, which is about as far from the Pan Wa divide as Pan Wa is from Ta Ping Ti; 7 miles farther on is Lu Pi. Both these are Lisaw villages.\n\nFrom Pan Wa Pass there is a view of the head of the valley of the Chipway tributary of the N'maikha, and of a range of snow-clad peaks known as the Chung Shan, which must be at least 12,000 feet, jutting out from the water-parting towards the N'maikha. The most conspicuous peak bears due north from the Pan Wa Pass, which on the Tien Tang or Chinese side is overshadowed by a high peak of about 10,000 feet, which hangs over Ma Li Pa. The Chipway is known to the Chinese as the Chih Fei River. The N'maikha seems to be generally unknown to them under that name, and they refer to it as the Ta or Chin Chiang (\"great or gold river\"). The Lisaws from the head-waters of the Chipway are said not to number more than 100 families. They come to Tien Tang to get supplies, as one would expect, seeing that the Pan Wa Pass is easy travelling in comparison with the Kachin country below them. Mules can get as far as Lu Pi by this route, but not beyond, into the Kachin country near the N'maikha, without previous road repairs. Walking could, it is said, get from Tien Tang to the banks of the N'maikha in four days, but few or none of the Tien Tang people seem ever to have been so far. Parties of Kachins, however, come to Ying Pan market two or three times a year to purchase iron, which is mined in small quantities in the valley near the Ta Ping Ti.\n\n5\n\nThe Tien Tang branch of the Shweli has three head-streams:\n\n1. The stream which comes from the Pan Wa Pass.\n\n2. The Mo Shih Ho, a brook a little to the west which springs from the same mountain from which flows the chief sources of the Chipway River.\n\n3. The main source flows from the hills north of Ta Ping Ti, at a point on the watershed just opposite the Chung Shan, and, passing the hamlet of Hei Tzu Wan, joins 1 and 2 at Ma Li Pa. There is said to be a difficult track, impassable for mules, over the watershed at the back of the Hei Tzu Wan to the Chung Shan.\n\nOn the 10th March we climbed up the steep hills east of Ta Ping Ti, through patches of cultivation, to 8,800 feet in 2-1/2 hours' march, and so descended by a broad, cultivated, lateral valley, with several villages, into the Ming Kwang Plain. Heavy rain caused us at 12:30 to take refuge in a temple at Shang Ho Si, the last village before debouching on the plain. This pass is easily practicable for laden mules. The next day we crossed the Ming Kwang branch of the Shweli, and ascended the Ming Kwang Plain for 6 miles, passing the dirty little market of Ying Pan Kai, to Tu Chai (\"main village\"), the residence of the Tso family. The plain is from 1 to 2 miles broad; the river was 45 yards wide where we forded, and 1 to 3 feet deep. It is fordable nearly everywhere in the Ming Kwang Plain. Along its banks, as along the banks of the Tien Tang stream, there is abundance of good camping ground, grass, fuel, and water, and of such ordinary supplies as rice, maize, fowls, ducks, mutton, cattle, in sufficient quantities for a small party.\n\nThe Ming Kwang Valley is now divided between two \"fu yi,\" or hereditary Chiefs. Lower Ming Kwang is the patrimony of the Yang family, who have their headquarters at I Ya Tang, a village on the opposite side of the valley to Shang Ho Si, and about 1 mile below it. Their portion of the valley is divided into three \"fan,\" or parishes—upper, middle, and lower—and consists of about seventy hamlets, with 6,000-7,000 inhabitants. There is much padi and other cultivation and a considerable head of cattle in the valley. Many of the people are engaged in the cutting and transport of wood from the surrounding hills to Teng Yueh. The ancestor of the Yangs is said to have been a military official who came from Teng Yueh in the Ming dynasty. The Yangs have now little more than an empty title, and the people of this part of the valley pay the ordinary land tax to the Teng Yueh Sub-Prefect.\n\nThe Upper Ming Kwang Valley belongs to the Tso family, but they have only about fifteen villages, with a population of 300 odd families. The present \"fu yi,\" or Chief, is a youth of 18, and is the son of Tso Erh Kuan (Tso the Second), who was killed at Hpare in Mr. Hertz's affair, in February 1899. The affairs of the family are now managed by the brother of the late (uncle of the present) head of the family. I was well received, and lodged in the Tso clan ancestral temple, where the various members of the family came to visit me. Their temple is at the back of their yamên, which is a filthy and rambling structure resembling a succession of pigsties; the village, of some seventy families, consists of hovels made of bamboo wattle, but there seems to be abundance of cultivation and supplies. It is, however, clear that the political and economical affairs of the family are in a very decadent condition. The \"regent\" is a man of some intelligence but of little energy, except in pulling at his opium-pipe; and I doubt if Burma will ever have any further trouble from the military aspirations of the Tso clan.\n\nMost of the Tso clan's peasantry are \"nu shou,\" or crossbowmen, who do not pay ordinary land tax. It would appear that they were originally a sort of limitrophe colonist, whose lands and status were recognized by the Chinese Government on condition that they defended the frontier. The Tso family is a branch of the Teng clan, originally seated near Chengtu, in Ssuchuan, but which early moved to Tsao Chiang, in the Mekong Valley, and in the Yun Lung Sub-prefecture of Yunnan. The name was then changed to Tso. At the end of the Ming dynasty Tso Wan Hsiang came from Tsao Chiang, and carved out as his patrimony the upper Ming Kwang Valley, from which he expelled Lisaws and others. It is also to be noted that there are vague traditions of Burmese (not Shans) having formerly inhabited parts of this country. Tso Wan Hsiang gained the honorary and hereditary title of \"Suan Fu Su,\" generally conferred only on Chiefs of the first class, and his descendants bear the title to this day. The present youth is twelfth in descent from the Wan Hsiang.\n\nPage 367",
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        "title": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "content_text": "2\n\nmatter to the Taotai, pointing out among other things: (1) that a transit pass for opium was a non-existent document; and (2) that, whereas the total dues now charged on opium shipped through the foreign Customs were 5.28 taels li-kin, 20 taels export or departure duty at Chungking and 52 taels arrival duty at Ichang, these would under the new arrangement, whereby the Szechuan departure duty became payable to the li-kin authorities, be augmented by the payment of an arrival duty of 20 taels to the Imperial Maritime Customs at Ichang on shipment of the drug on board steamer at that port. In other words, the total duty charged would be 97.28 taels in lieu of 77.28 taels. He also endeavoured to make it clear that the dues on the drug not destined for places beyond Shanghae had all along fallen to the share of the li-kin authorities, and that, seeing that Szechuan had now as competitors in the opium production of the Empire the Provinces of Shantung, Honan, Anhui, Kiangsu, Kwangsi, Yunnan, and Kweichow, the policy of increasing the dues on the opium shipped through the Imperial Maritime Customs to Shanghae, the south and the coast ports, was a suicidal one, involving an increase in price to the consumer of the Szechuan article and a consequent fall in the demand.\n\nIn the end, the Proclamation was withdrawn and a return made to the practice hitherto in force. I may here mention that, were Wan Hsien an open port, it would be the natural outlet for the opium produced in the Liangshan and Fengtu districts, which would thus be spared the up-river trip to Chungking to permit of shipment through the foreign Customs.\n\nOn the 16th ultimo a further Proclamation was posted notifying the inauguration of an export li-kin on goods leaving Chungking by the three main land routes.\n\nThese are:-\n\n1. Through the Chao Tien gate, and thence across the Little River to Chiang-pei from which, following along the course of this waterway, it runs viâ Hochou and Suining to Chengtu.\n\n2. Through the Nan Chi and Tung Yuan gates viâ Fu Ton Kuan to Yung Chutan, Pi Shan Hsien, Chiang Chin, Ta Tsu, Jung Chang, Lang Chang, &c., and Chengtu.\n\n3. Through the Taiping and Ch'u Ch'i gates to Hai T'an Ch'i across the Yang-tsze, thence to the Kweichow Province.\n\nThe rapacity displayed by Chao Chian, the deputy in charge of this collection, did not stop short of the smallest article passing through the gates mentioned to the places indicated. His p'iao were for as infinitesimal a sum as 1 cash, and not even a box of matches, pair of shoes, hat, piece of ribbon, &c., purchased by peasants and coolies were exempt. In the prosecution of his scheme he detained, as a li-kin payment on a consignment of bristles purchased by the Chungking Trading Company and passing through the Taiping gate, a case and basket of these goods which were about to cross the river to the godowns of the Company on the opposite side. Mr. Nicholson, the local representative of the firm at once requested me to obtain their release, which was duly effected. Mr. Chao's life was a short one: the populace was becoming so enraged at his impositions that the sacking of his Yamen was determined upon. On hearing of this, the Tantai sent a hasty wire to the Viceroy; the Commandant of the local militia had his men under orders to appear on the scene at the first sign of disturbance and to attempt, by exhortation-not by use of arms-to prevent the people achieving their purpose; while the deputy in charge of the Lao li-kin (import), whose office is situated in the same street as that of his confrère, lost no time in putting up a Proclamation to the following effect: \"It is not me: these are not my ways. It is the man next door: vent your wrath upon him.\" The Viceroy saved the situation by telegraphing the dismissal of Chao and placing the Chungking Prefect temporarily in charge.\n\nIt will be seen from the above how determined is the effort being made to stimulate the li-kin collection, the work, as I have already stated, of the Chief of the Head Li-kin Office at Chengtu. On the 25th March last, Messrs. Jardine, Matheson and Co. reported that a consignment of their goods, properly furnished with transit passes for Chengtu, had there been detained for li-kin and requested me to obtain their release. Having satisfied myself that the case was a bona fide one, I communicated by telegraph with His Majesty's Consul-General, who at once effected the required release.\n\n(Signed)\n\nH. E. SLY,\n\nBritish Acting Consul.\n\nChungking, May 24, 1904.\n\n(This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.)\n\n469\n\nCHINA TRADE.\n\n[August 20.]\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nNo. 1.\n\nActing Consul Sly to the Marquess of Lansdowne.-(Received August 20.)\n\n(No. 8. Confidential.) (Extract.)\n\nChungking, June 30, 1904.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inclose herewith copy of a Report on the trade of Thibet with the Province of Szechuan, through Kuan Hsien, Mao Chow, and Sungp'an, written by the Commissioner of Customs at this port, and which that gentleman has kindly allowed me to transmit for your Lordship's confidential information. Mr. W. C. H. Watson has been stationed for three years in Chungking, and is well acquainted with the commercial conditions of the province.\n\n(Confidential.)\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nReport on the Trade of Thibet.\n\nKuan Hsien.-The trade of Kuan Hsien is of considerable importance, as may be seen from the figures given in the table. Situated as the town is on the border-line dividing Chinese Szechuan proper from that portion of the province inhabited by the Mantzu tribes, the chief business of the place consists of dealings in wool, soda, indigo, and of the medicines of the Chinese pharmacopoeia for which these districts are noted. It is also the centre of many coal mines, the produce of which is in demand on account of the excellence of the output. Medicines are brought in by merchants who periodically visit the tribesmen for purposes of trade and with whom dealings are conducted by a system of exchange and barter. A Chinese merchant will come into Kuan Hsien with the stock he has thus procured, proceed to one of the many inns, and inform the inn-keeper of what he has for sale. The inn-keepers act as a sort of brokers; they have the daily price of staples posted up in their establishments, and introduce customers. Customers thus introduced, mostly agents for Chengtu firms, buy on credit of one or two months, as the case may be, and the innkeeper is responsible to the seller for the payment of goods when due. For his services he charges a fixed rate of 3 per cent. on all transactions taking place at his inn. Ready money dealings are rare and do not appear to be appreciated.\n\nESTIMATED Annual Quantities of Goods passing inwards through Kuan Hsien.\n\n  \n    Description\n    Classifier of Quantity\n    Quantity\n    Value\n  \n  \n    Medicines\n    Value\n    \n    Taels. 180,000\n  \n  \n    Young deer horns\n    Catties\n    1,500\n    30,000\n  \n  \n    Old deer horns\n    Piculs\n    1,500\n    6,000\n  \n  \n    Musk\n    Taels\n    16,000\n    216,000\n  \n  \n    Wool\n    Piculs\n    5,000\n    55,000\n  \n  \n    Indigo\n    Value\n    \n    160,000\n  \n  \n    Soda\n    \n    \n    150,000\n  \n  \n    Timber\n    \n    \n    60,000\n  \n  \n    Total\n    \n    \n    847,000\n  \n\n[2108 u-1]",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
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        "title": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "content_text": "Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nConsul Little to Sir E. Satow.\n\n(No. 59.) Sir,\n\nNewchwang, May 31, 1904, IN continuation of my despatch No. 57 of the 26th instant on the subject of mining Concessions in Manchuria, I have now the honour to furnish some additional particulars.\n\nGisements de Hou.-This probably refers to a coal mine within 2 or 3 miles of Moukden, in which an American is interested jointly with Chinese. The former's interest in the property was acquired by arrangement with the natives concerned, and no Concession has been granted by the authorities. I understand the mine is not in operation at present, although some attempt was made to work it two or three years ago.\n\nFilon aurifere de Diapigo. This would appear to be a gold mine or mines situated at Chia Pi-ku, about 100 miles east north-east of Kirin. Some years ago this district was to some extent in the hands of a noted bandit chief, who worked the mines in spite of the opposition of the Chinese authorities, Mining rights in the district are said to have been acquired a year or two ago by the Manchurian Mining Company by purchase from a Russian, but it is not known in what manner the latter acquired his title.\n\nDroit de préférence sur tous les gisements existant dans une lande de 30 kilom, de largeur le long de la ligne de chemin de fer de l'est Chinois. Preferential mining rights in the country lying on both sides of the railway were, I believe, granted to the Chinese Eastern Railway Company or the Russo-Chinese Bank, under one of the numerous Agreements or Conventions relating to Manchuria made between Russia and China, but, not having copies of these documents, I am unable to verify this statement.\n\nThe gold mine near Port Arthur, referred to in my previous despatch, belongs to the Liao-tung Mining Syndicate, a Russian Company. It is within the leased territory.\n\nThere are many other so-called Concessions held by foreigners of various nationalities, of which it may be useful to give a short account. None of them are Concessions fully authorized by the Central authorities, but consist of right acquired, with or without the consent of the local official, from natives who were permitted to carry on mining operations by \"Lung Piaos\" issued by the Provincial Government. It may be observed that, with the one exception of the preferential rights in the country bordering on the railway, the title to all the Concessions mentioned in your despatch appears to rest on the same basis.\n\nThe most important of these Concessions is one held by several British subjects connected with the firm of Bush Brothers, and consists of the sole right to mine at twenty-eight places (list of which is attached hereto) in the districts of Tung Hua and Huai Jen, and to work two coal mines at Sa Sung Kang and An-tzu Kang, in the district of Hai Lung Cheng. The following is the history of the Concession:---\n\nAbout 1896 or 1897 an official named Yuan was appointed by the Tartar General Commissioner of Mines in the districts of Tung Hua and Huai Jen, and under his direction the country was prospected. Subsequently the sole right to mine in that district was granted by Yuan to a Chinese Company, of which he was a director. Prospecting operations were carried on for several years, but were suspended by the Boxer rising, and the Russian invasion in 1900. In that year some members of the firm of Bush Brothers were invited to join the Company, no doubt with a view to preventing Russian interference, or to obtain support for a claim in respect of losses during the troubles, and in 1902 a formal agreement was drawn up whereby the rights of the Chinese Company were transferred to the Chuan-li Kung Ssu, composed of natives and foreigners. The matter was reported by the Tartar General to the Wai-wu Pu, and in their reply they write as follows:--\n\n\"The said deputy has now raised more money from Chinese and British share-holders, and established the Chuan-li Company to continue the undertaking. The agreement and regulations which he has settled we find to be all in accordance with the previous arrangements as memorialized and recorded, and with the new regulations of the Board. They may therefore be approved.\n\n* Fide, however, despatch No. 11 from Peking, May 18, 1899.\n\n5\n\n\"But when the said deputy first raised shares and undertook the management of mining affairs in Tung Hua and Huai Jou, the throne was memorialized and gave approval. The affair has now been altered to a joint Chinese and foreign undertaking, and your Excellency should, in harmony with previous procedure, again memorialize the Throne explaining the matter and take action accordingly.”\n\nPractically nothing has yet been done to work these mines, and it is to be noted that under the above-mentioned Agreement the Commissioner appears to possess the power of withdrawing the rights granted by reason of the failure of the Company to make certain stipulated payments.\n\nMessrs. Bandinel and Co., British merchants here, hold a lease of a coal mine at Lan Tung Kon, adjoining the Russian mines at Yentai, granted to them in 1895-96 by the native owner, who was working it under a \"Lung Piao.\" The lessees carried on operations with some success for several years previous to the Boxer rising, but work was stopped by the troubles and has not been resumed since. Some correspondence passed between the Legation and this Consulate in November 1899 concerning Messrs. Bandinel and Co.'s title to this mine.\n\nMessrs. Jardine, Matheson and Co. began to work a coal mine at Nan Piao, in the Chae Yang district, before the Boxer rising, but operations were stopped in that year. I am informed they have recently sent an engineer with a view to resuming work. I know nothing as to their title to the mine.\n\nI am informed a gold mine near Tien Ling was recently worked by a Mr. Craig, a Canadian, in conjunction with Russians, under a lease from natives; but I have, at present, no details of the enterprise.\n\nThe Russo-Chinese Bank, acting in conjunction with a native named Liang, is said to have secured some sort of right to work mines in the districts of Ning Yuan Chin Chou, Kuang-ning, and I Chou. About a year ago a memorial was addressed to the Throne on the subject and the matter referred to the Board concerned for consideration. Since then nothing appears to have been done.\n\nA Concession for working sixteen mines in the district of Kuan Tien is said to have been obtained by a Mr. Mamonoff, a Russian, who was probably acting for the Russo-Chinese Bank or the Mining Company of Manchuria.\n\nCoal mines in which foreigners are interested are being worked by natives at Ying Fan on the Hun-Ho. Last year's working showed a profit of 10,000 taels. The coal is sold at Mukden for about 17 dollars a ton.\n\nI am informed that some Russians began working a coal mine last year somewhere near Po Shui luo on the Yalu.\n\nI am aware that many of the above particulars are not called for by your despatch, but I have thought it a convenient opportunity to communicate to you everything known to me on the subject, and trust that the information will not be considered irrelevant or useless.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nInclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\n(Signed)\n\nH. A. LITTLE.\n\nList of Concessions held by British Subjects.\n\n  \n    1.\n    Fa Miao Erh Kow, 15 li south of Fung Wha.\n    A placer mine has been worked for over thirty years, and is still being worked ground sluicing, on which about 100 men are employed. Float quartz is abundant, but as yet no veins have been discovered.\n  \n  \n    2.\n    Hsiao Miao Erh Kow, 18 li south of Fung Wha.\n    A silver and lead mine.\n  \n  \n    3.\n    Wei Sha Ho, 60 li south of Fung Wha.\n    Alluvial washings.\n  \n  \n    4.\n    Pao Ma Chuan, 120 li south-west of Fung Wha.\n    A quartz gold mine, 24 feet vein, still being worked by Chinese. Numerous shafts from 20 to 30 feet deep. According to Chinese statements another vein runs parallel.\n  \n  \n    5.\n    Pao Ma Ch'uen, 130 li south-west of Fung Wha.\n    Silver mine. Chinese unable to separate the silver and lead.\n  \n  \n    6.\n    Pa Wang Ts'ao, 140 li south-west of Fung Wha.\n    Galena ore, containing gold and silver. Vein 24 feet to 5 feet wide. Worked for two years by the Chinese. Shafts 30 feet deep.",
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        "content_text": "7 \n\nto the ton. \n\n7. Kang Shan Erh Tao Kou, 110 west of Fung Wha. A placer mine. Worked for five years. Bed rock, 12 feet. Chinese are still ground sluicing. Runs 12 ounces \n\n8. San Tao Kou, 100 li south-west of Fung Wha. Alluvial workings, now stopped. Bed rock some 20 feet down. Float quartz is present, but vein has not yet been discovered. \n\n9. Nan Kang Shan Ling, 120 li south-west of Fung Wha. A lead-silver mine. \n\n10. Nan Kang Shan Ling, 110 li south-west of Fung Wha. Quartz outcrop, 15 feet wide. \n\n11. Ta Tau Ping, 240 li north-east of Fung Wha. Quartz gold. \n\n12. Hsiao Tau Ping, 250 li north-east of Tung Wha. Quartz gold. \n\n13. Shan Ho Ting Tsze, 280 li north of Tung Wha. Quartz gold. \n\n14. Pan Chiel Ho, 220 li north of Tung Wha. Anthracite coal mine, extensive workings. Shafts 200 feet deep. \n\n15. San Tao Chiang. Coal mine 60 li east of Tung Wha. \n\n16. Wu Tao Chiang. Coal mine 60 li east of Tung Wha. \n\n17. Lin Tzu Tou, 160 li east of Tung Wha. Quartz gold. \n\n18. Pao Tu Ch'uan, 170 li east of Tung Wha. Quartz gold. \n\n19. Mao Erb Shan, Tou Tao Kou, 310 li east of Tung Wha. Placer mines. Still working. \n\n20. Mao Erb Shan, San Tao Kou, 340 li east of Tung Wha. Quartz gold. Vein 5 feet wide. Shafts 20 feet deep. \n\n21. Mao Erh Shan, San Tao Kou, 380 li east of Tung Wha. Copper mine, has been extensively worked. Shafts 50 feet deep. District uninhabited. \n\n22. Mao Erh Shan, Liu Tao Kou, 350 li east of Tung Wha. Native copper found in quantities on surface. \n\n23. Mao Erb Shan, Ta Ch'ie Tzu Kou, 350 li east of Tung Wha. Iron mine. \n\n24. Ta Chiang Yen, Lao Hei Shan, 170 li south-east of Huai Jeu. Gold-bearing quartz, close to Yalu River. \n\n25. Ta Chiang Yen, Ku Ma Ling, 180 li south-east of Huai Jeu. Gold-bearing quartz, close to Yalu River. Asbestos. Worked for two years. \n\n26. Ta Hsiao Ya, 35 li south-west of Huai Jeu. \n\n27. Lao Ying Kou, 80 li south-east of Huai Jeu. Lead-silver mine. Chinese unable to separate the silver from the lead. \n\n28. Liang Tsui Ch'uan Tsze, 200 li south-east of Huai Jeu. Silver mine. Vein 20 feet wide. 14 li from the Yalu River. Coal in close vicinity. Numerous old Chinese workings. Quartz outcrop near by at Kao Li Kou Tsze. \n\nInclosure 5 in No. 1, \n\nAbstract of Mining Agreement made between Chang, Military Governor of Kirin and Resident Luba.* \n\n1. Investors to be only Chinese and Russian, \n\n2. China to receive a royalty of 15 per cent. on gold, silver, and other minerals. \n\n3. Exclusive right to prospect for one year; if no results obtained on the expiry of that period permission to prospect may be granted to other parties. \n\n4. China appoints official Manager of Mining Department with full control. \n\n5. Chinese or Russians holding over 100,000 taels can appoint individuals for employment in Mining Department. \n\n6. Investors in mining operations now being carried on are to be specially considered. \n\n7. Position of minerals discovered and size of land to be declared before carrying on operations. \n\n8. Additional written statement to be afterwards drawn up. \n\n9. Mining materials purchased in China liable to duty; mining materials imported from Russia exempt. \n\n10. Chinese and Russians prohibited from clandestinely mining gold or coal. \n\n11. Military Governor of Kirin to send Chinese copy to head Mining Board at Peking. Resident Luba to forward Russian text to Russian Minister, Peking. In the meantime prospecting operations may be begun. \n\n12. Persons entitled to mine, and provided with proper papers, to report commencement within one year. If work be not commenced within this period others may apply to work the mines. \n\n13. Russians wishing to mine must apply to Luba, who will communicate with Military Governor of Kirin or Bureau of Foreign Affairs for decision. \n\n14. Above Regulations to come into force only after Imperial sanction and written permission of head Mining Board obtained. \n\n'CH'ANG, Military Governor of Kirin. (Signed) \n\n(Signed) \n\nKwang Hsu 27, 1 (25). March 2 (15), 1901. \n\nLUBA, Imperial Russian Resident for the two Provinces of Kirin and Hei Lung Chiang. \n\nPreliminary Draft Agreement between Ch'ang, Military Governor of Kirin and Mr. Krolkov, Russian Commissioner, regarding proposed Gold Prospecting and Gold Mining within jurisdiction of Chiu-p'i-Kou, Ninguta, and Hun-chun. \n\n1. The Russian subject Ashashen has sole right to prospect and work gold within jurisdiction of Chia-Pi-Kou, Minguta, and Hunchun. \n\n2. When the Imperial Edict authorizing Russians to mine gold in Kirin is received by the Military Governor of Kirin a Company is to be floated, 80 per cent. of shares to be held by Mr. Ashashen and 20 per cent. by Chinese. Number and value of shares to be determined later. \n\n3. The mines at Chia-Pi-Kou, having been clandestinely worked for many years, the output of gold cannot be productive. The Russo-Chinese Mining Company now forming may prospect for gold at Shang-Liu and Chiang-Chia on Sungari. Mining operations not to be commenced until permission received from Chinese Government. \n\n4. In the jurisdictions of Minguta and Hunchun, where the Chinese have been working mines for years under licence, they may still do so independent of the Russians. Should they wish for Russian assistance the Russo-Chinese Mining Company may call on Russians to take up more than half the shares. Satisfactory Regulations must be drawn up with the proprietors. As a first step the Chinese officials are to furnish a list of gold-bearing lands. \n\n5. Ashashen permitted provisionally to send gold-prospecting parties to the three districts of Chia-P'i-Kou, Minguta, and Hunchun (Military Governor will appoint Deputy to accompany each party). The positions and measurements of true gold-bearing fields are to be declared, but are not to include the total area of the three districts. \n\n6. The Regulations are supplementary to those of Agreement between Military Governor and Commissioner Luba, and shall come into force on receipt of the Edict* authorizing Russians to mine in Kirin. \n\n(Signed) (Signed) \n\nCH'ANG, Military Governor of Kirin. KROTKOV, Acting Russian Commissioner for the two Provinces of Kirin und Hei Lung Chiang. \n\n* It is not known whether this Edict was issued, but it is not likely that the concessionaires, being Russian, would consider it necessary to wait for it before commencing operations. \n\n514",
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        "document_key": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "page_number": 443,
        "title": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "content_text": "# \n\n6 \n\nThe water-divide between the Ta-ping and the Shweli Rivers is located close to the point where this minor divide joins the main N'Maikha watershed. Under the Lang Ya peak, there is a track leading from Tan Tsa to Ma Li Pa at the head of the Tien Tan Valley (see below) by a pass often closed by snow (10,800 feet) and so over to the headwaters of the Chi Pwi River. \n\nBetween the Manung Pum and the Lang Ya tracks, there is no recognized path over the hills. \n\nNo claims were seriously put forward to any territorial or other rights beyond the watershed on behalf of the Tien Tan Headman. \n\n## II. Tien Tun and the Chi Pwi River. \n\nA surveyor having been detailed to map in the Tan Tsa Valley, our party proceeded in sections, and by various routes, eastwards to the Tien Tan Valley, which is watered by the most westerly of the three main sources of the Shweli or Lung Chiang, the other two being the Ming Kwang (the middle or main source) and the Ta Tang or eastern source. The Ming Kwang and the Tien Tan join near Ku Tung bazaar, 22 miles north of Tengyueh, and the river so formed joins the Ta Tang Stream near Chuchih bazaar, 16 miles east of Tengyueh, from which point the joint river is known as the Lung Chiang to the Chinese. \n\nThe Upper Tien Tan, the Ming Kwang, and the Ta Tang are little more than mountain streams; except after heavy rain, they are everywhere fordable, and nowhere more than 50 yards broad. \n\nThe Tien Tan Valley is under Headman Tsai, who represents the eighth generation of his dynasty. He has no sort of administrative force or machinery except that he has a few village Headmen under him; his feebleness and incompetence even in such matters as levying his subjects to repair the roads excited the Taotai's bile, and Tsai came to me, as an old friend, to ask how he had best deprecate the great man's wrath. \n\nOur camp was formed at Ma Li Pa (6,500 feet), the last village on the track to the Chi Pwi, situated in a very beautiful valley surrounded by hills and under the east flank of the Lang Ya Mountain. Just below Ma Li Pa, the three brooks which form the Tien Tan Stream join: \n\n1. To the west, issuing from the east of the Lang Ya Mountain, is the Mo Shih (\"Stone-grinding\") Brook. I ascended this through dense jungle to the crest of the N'Maikha watershed, 7 miles from Ma Li Pa. On the pass, I met three Lisu, who said that proceeding by this track to the N'Maikha, theirs would be the first village reached, and it was three days' march for a laden coolie. \n\n2. To the east, the Main or Hei Tao Yuan source of the Tien Tan, which springs from a hill on the watershed known as the Sisters Hill, and flows through a romantic gorge past several small villages subject to Tien Tan to Ma Li Pa. \n\n3. Between these two, the Pau Wa Brook, which flows from the pass leading from the Tien to the Chi Pwi Valley in the N'Maikha basin. \n\nThe Headman Tsai made the same statement to me as he had made the year before, namely, that he claimed a kind of overlordship over a few villages of Lisu along the headwaters of the Chi Pwi, based apparently on the occasional exchange of presents and on the fact that Chinese incursions over the watershed had occasionally taken place. He admitted, however, that since the disturbances caused by the Panthay rebellion fifty years ago, no such exchange of presents had taken place, and that most of the Lisu on the Upper Chi Pwi had dispersed. The number of 100 Lisu families subject to him, which he had given me last year, included all those who had moved over from the Chi Pwi to the Tien Tan side. \n\nThe following day, however, the Taotai gave me a \"map\" of Tien Tan, which professed to have been drawn up by Tsai. It was a work which possessed the merit, if not of accuracy, at least of imagination, and went to prove that the Taotai's geography, like Dogberry's reading and writing, comes by nature. With the exception of a part which had been \"cribbed\" from me, the map was totally inaccurate, but it showed the whole of the valleys of the Shi-Ngaw, Tumi-maw, and Chi Pwi Rivers as subject to Tien Tan. This includes part of the ordinary jurisdiction of the Myitkyina district. The Taotai further informed me that the Mali-kha was the true Irrawaddy and the proper frontier. This was so contrary to Tsai's statement to me the day before that I inquired what had happened, when it appeared that the map and the claim was the work \n\n7 \n\nof Mr. Chu, the Taotai's interpreter, who had been on the Southern Boundary Commission with General Liu and had given much trouble by his obstructiveness and impertinence. Shortly after, however, this young gentleman was discovered by the Taotai to be levying a private contribution in the neighbouring bazaar, as was the custom in the good old days of General Liu. The Taotai ordered him out of the camp in disgrace, and we heard no more of him. \n\nI told the Taotai that these so-called claims of Tien Tan were entirely beyond discussion, and that I must refuse to talk about them. The Taotai acknowledged that Tsai had no sort of control over the country in question and no documentary evidence to support his map, that Tsai was hopelessly incompetent, and that the claims might be considered as withdrawn. I therefore hope that no more will be heard of them or of the Mali-kha frontier. \n\nThe claims of Tien Tan to the headwaters of the Chi Pwi seemed to call for examination on the spot. So, accompanied by Mr. Lakin, one of the surveyors, and a Chinese deputy, I went over the Pau Wa Pass towards the N'Maikha. This pass is the easiest of all those which cross the divide, being only 7,800 feet and approached by a broad track ascending across downs. The crest is only 7 miles from Ma Li Pa, and after a short descent on the other side, we struck one of the headwaters of the Chi Pwi. The country is very wild and grand; precipitous mountains covered with patches of dense forest and bamboo brake descended to the narrow broken valley of the river. A lofty snow-capped ridge which forms the divide on the right bank of the Chi Pwi was a conspicuous object. It is known locally as the Kao Liang Kung, a common name for a high peak in this country. The first village passed on the N'Maikha side was Chang Yin Kon, 6 miles from the Pau Wa Pass. It consisted of three small wretched huts, inhabited by Lisu. Five miles further on, we passed Chung Shan, which used to give its name to the whole district, but now consists of only four huts and some deserted gardens. Descending along the Chi Pwi for 4 miles further, we passed Lu Pi, where we found extensive remains of orchards and paddy-fields, a fact which seems to support the statement that formerly the valley was cultivated by a considerable population of Lisu. \n\nThree miles beyond Lu Pi is, or rather was, Shi Pao; this was the last Lisu settlement down the Chi Pwi. We found that the only inhabitants were a cock pheasant and a covey of partridges, the villagers having all dispersed. Doubtless much of this desolation was the work of the Chinese, who came over and ravaged this country in 1902. \n\nFrom Shi Pao, the surveyor ascended the Kao Liang ridge to a pass 9,000 feet, whence he was able to connect his work with the first Kachin (Maru) village of Lachang, the position of which had already been fixed by Mr. Hertz's party in 1900. We then returned to Ma Li Pa after a pleasant excursion of five days; on the way, we met a party of Marus from the Lower Chi Pwi, who had been across to the Tien Tan Valley to trade. \n\nNone of these Lisu hamlets on the Chi Pwi now give anything to Tien Tan, for various reasons, of which the principal is that they have nothing to give. There are no permanent Chinese residents in the Chi Pwi Valley, but in the open season, some wood-cutters go over from Tien Tan. \n\n## III. Ming Kwang Valley, Hparè, and Teu Chu. \n\nFrom Ma Li Pa, the main camp was then moved east across the hills into the Ming Kwang Valley, where the Taotai took up his abode at the official residence of Tso, the Fu Yi or Chief of Upper Ming Kwang, while Mr. Leveson and I formed camp about 14 miles higher up in the Valley of Cha Shan Ho, a brook which runs down from the pass leading from Ming Kwang over the watershed to Hparè. \n\n| Event | Location | Description |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Taotai's abode | Official residence of Tso, Upper Ming Kwang | Fu Yi or Chief of Upper Ming Kwang |\n| Mr. Leveson and I formed camp | Valley of Cha Shan Ho | 14 miles higher up, brook runs down to Hparè |\n\nThe arrangements which the Regent of Ming Kwang (the Fu Yi being a minor) made for the Taotai were no better than Tsai's in Tien Tan, and the Regent felt a good deal of the rough side of the Taotai's tongue. Neither he nor the young Fu Yi came to see us, though I understand that this omission was by order of the Taotai; but several Lashi Kachins from Hparè, who had been to the Ming Kwang bazaar, came into Mr. Leveson's camp, including one of the Headman's sons. They gave valuable information, which persuaded Mr. Leveson that we should meet with a friendly reception at Hparè, if the Chinese could be kept from insulting or molesting the natives. \n\nA survey party having been despatched to map in the watershed along the west of \n\n436 \n\n31",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "page_number": 453,
        "title": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "content_text": "446 \n\nslightest evidence that either of Lashi villagers positively deny it. two Fu Yi as their Suzerain.] \n\n26 \n\nthe Fu Yi ever lived beyond the watershed, and the These villagers also deny that they ever accepted the \n\n27 \n\n[Note. There seems no reason to believe that the villages on the NMaikha side took any more cognizance of the above official arrangements than they did of the distribution of them among the Chinese Fu Yi, which seems to have been made after the disturbances in Chia Ching's reign.] \n\n## Inclosure 10 in No. 1. \n\n**Précis of a Memorial by Shè, Governor-General of Yunnan and Kwei-Chou, together with a Receipt by the Board of Civil Office at Peking, making arrangements for the redistribution and definition of various Frontier Jurisdictions in West Yunnan, dated probably in the 15th year of Chein Lung, because a local instruction to the Chinese \"Tu-ssu\" or Headmen, based on this Memorial, is dated the year after.** \n\nTHE Governor-General observes that the boundaries of the Sub-Prefecture of Tengyueh, the hsien district of Pao Shan (Yung Chang), and the hsien district of Li Chiang are ill-defined towards the west; in the case of many scattered villages there are doubts as to what jurisdiction they belong to a state of affairs which is contrary to the requirements of good administration. \n\nThe following redistribution of the various frontier villages is therefore approved: The notes as to locality are added by His Majesty's Consul, Tengyueh. In the case of Pien Ma and U Tung, which are transferred from the jurisdiction of Yün Lung to that of Pao Shan, it is stated that the tax which the Yun Lang official formerly received and accounted for will henceforth be handed over to Pao Shan. The amount is about 320 lb. of rice. \n\n1. To the jurisdiction of Tengyueh are assigned: \n| Village | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Shang Lou | (in Lasbi, \"Gaw Yawn,\" on the left bank of the Ngaw Chang) |\n| Chi Ka | (Lashi village on the right bank of the Ngaw Chang, opposite Shang Lou) |\n| Pa Yang | (in Lashi, \"Pa Myaw,\" on the Lower Kansheng or Kun Ma River) |\n| Ta Tang |  |\n| Ming Kwang | (about the Upper Shweli or Lung Chiang) |\n| Hparè Tan Chu | (Lashi villages at the headwaters of the Kansheng or Kun Ma) |\n| Hsien Chiang | (in Lashi, \"Shi Jang,\" on a small tributary, left bank Ngaw Chang) |\n| Kun Yung | (in China, 24 miles north of Tengyueh) |\n| Lu Yung | (not identified) |\n| Tien Tán | (Upper Shweli, west branch) |\n\n2. To the jurisdiction of Pao Shan the following are assigned: \n| Village |\n| --- |\n| Sun Chu |\n| Su Chai Pa |\n| Meng Ku |\n| Lu Chang |\n| Pú Ka |\n| Lung Sai |\n| Teng Lang |\n| Ting Ming |\n| Teng Keng |\n| Pa Chu |\n| Man Pang |\n| Sung Po |\n| Pai Lou |\n| Mao Chao |\n| A La Wa Ti |\n| Pai Pa |\n| Pa Chu Ho |\n| Pa Chung Lo |\n| Pien Ma |\n| U Tung |\n\n(All the above are situated along the Salween or in the Ngaw Chang Valley.) \n\n3. To the jurisdiction of Yün Lung the following are assigned: \n| Village |\n| --- |\n| Ch'eng Ka |\n| La Pai |\n| U Pie |\n| Hsiang Hsieh |\n| Tè U Ti |\n| Hsi Wa Lo |\n| Ku Mi Teng |\n| Ta Chu Ti |\n| Ta Chu Lo |\n| Lu Ku ferry |\n| Kan Ma Sa |\n| Lu Wei |\n| Hu Mu Lang |\n| Lao Wo |\n| Chi Tsu |\n| Wo Mao Ting |\n| Lu Tsu |\n| Lu Tsang Wang Ti |\n| Shil Ti |\n| Kui Wu |\n| Tu Pan Chang |\n| Tsao Chien |\n| Shui Tsing |\n\n(Most of these are known, and all are believed to be situated along the Salween, or between that river and the Mekong.) \n\n4. To Li Chiang Prefecture are assigned the following: \n| Village |\n| --- |\n| Pie Pie Lo |\n| Mao Chu Chai |\n| Ta Mi Lai |\n| Ta Pien |\n| Hei Tao |\n| Teng Kwa |\n| Tsa Hui Jen |\n| Chi Wa Tsa |\n| La Tsa |\n\n(Not identified; believed to be all along the Upper Salween or Mekong.) \n\n(Translation.) \n\n## Inclosure 11 in No. 1. \n\n**Acting Consul Litton to Taotai Shih, Tengyueh, May 20, 1905.**\n\nTHE 4th Article of the Agreement relative to Burmah and China provided that the boundary north of latitude 25° 35′ should be settled when the conditions of the country had been more fully inquired into. This Agreement is dated in 1897, and since its signature, the Government of Burmah has on several occasions dispatched officers to proceed to the N'Maikha with a view to ascertaining the conditions of the country and of pacifying the tribes. \n\nLast year, your Government also dispatched two military officials to Ming Kwang to make inquiries, but though the Representatives of both Governments had thus inspected the country, there had hitherto been no joint examination, and consequently, it has not been possible to conclude a further Treaty. \n\nIn February of this year, the Deputy Commissioner of Bhamo, together with myself, received instructions from our Government to serve on a joint inquiry regarding the frontier, and your Honour received a similar Commission, and we fixed a date for proceeding on this service. \n\nOn this occasion, the instructions to your Honour and to myself were to the effect that we were only to make a joint examination of the country and present a map to our superiors, and then to await their settlement of the demarcation question; we had no authority to proceed to delimitation on our own account. \n\nI was directed by my Government to point out the watershed between the N'Maikha River on the one hand and the Shweli and Salween Rivers on the other, while your Honour was instructed to inquire precisely what are territories administered by your Sawbwas. \n\nWe have now to communicate to each other the results of our joint inquiry. Having met at Ku Yung on the 7th March, 1905, we together proceeded to Ta Chai, in Tan Tsa, where we commenced our work. The previous demarcation had not gone beyond the high conical peak known to the Kachins as Manung Pum; the two small valleys of Lun Ma and Tan Tsa are situated to the east of this peak, while to the north-east of Tan Tsa, there is a lofty mountain known as Lang Ya (\"Wolf's Tooth\") Hill; between these two peaks rise the streams known as the Hsiao Cha, Ta Cha, and Chan Hsi Rivers; and the Chan Hsi River is the headwater of the Ta Ping. \n\nBeyond the range to the north of Chansi River are the Shi Ngaw and Tum Maw Rivers, both of which flow into the N'Maikha, and so to the Irrawaddy. These two rivers are under the jurisdiction of Myitkyina. \n\nUnder these conditions, all Lun Ma and Tan Tsa, which are within (i.e., on the Chinese side) of their watershed, should belong to Yunnan, while all the valleys of the Shi Ngaw and Tum Maw Rivers, which are beyond this watershed, should belong to Burmah. \n\nTo the east of the Lang Ya Shan is the village of Ma Li Pa. This village is situated in the north of the Tien Tan Valley, which belongs to Tengyueh Sub-Prefecture and is under Tsai Fu Yi (Headman). In this valley flows the Tien Tan River in a southerly direction to Ku Tung bazaar, where it joins the Ming Kwang River, being, in fact, one of the headwaters of the Shweli. \n\nSome 30 li to the north of Ma Li Pa, the watershed is crossed to the Chi Pwi River, which flows into the N'Maikha, and so to the Irrawaddy. \n\nThe Tien Tan River has three sources: the Mo Shih Stream, the Pan Wa Stream, and the true source, which issues from the Sisters Hill to the north of the village of Hei Tafo Yuan. Here, the boundary should assign the valley of the Tien Tan to Yunnan and the valley of the Chi Pwi to Burmah. \n\nBut your Honour told me that several villages about the headwaters of the Chi Pwi were included in the territory of Tsai Fu Yi of Tien Tan. Officers were accordingly sent over to Chang Yin Kou, Chung Shan, Lu Pi, and Shih Pao to inquire.",
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        "document_key": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "page_number": 44,
        "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## \n\na mart, to install here a large agency of l'Union Commerciale, with ten or a dozen Europeans. The firm would deal in all kinds of goods, including kerosene. From other sources I hear that although this firm succeeded in raising a considerable amount of capital in France last year, its prospects in Yunnan Province are not regarded as brilliant. A large sum was lost three or four years ago by the Mengtzu Agency through speculation in opium.\n\nThe Yunnan Syndicate is showing more signs of life than has been the case for some time. M. Lutz, the local Manager, has got as far as Mengtzu, where he is looking for a house in which to set up an extensive assayist's laboratory purchased in England. He is to be assisted by a young Englishman named Collins, now in Hong Kong. Both gentlemen contemplate visiting Yunnan-fu shortly, when I shall be in a better position to report on the proposals and prospects of the Syndicate.\n\nA Match Factory, to be run with capital largely raised in London and (I believe) Singapore, is in contemplation, but is being delayed by the death of one of the two local Managers, M. Schneebeli, a Swiss.\n\n## Proposed Distribution Agency for goods from India and Burmah\n\nThe Norwegian agent in Yunnan of the British and Foreign Bible Society (Mr. Edward Amundsen), a capable man with an extensive personal knowledge of Yünnan and Szechuan, laid before me last October a proposal to open depôts at Yunnan-fu and Hsiakuan for the display of samples of woven goods, hardware, watches, soaps, paper, medicines, boots, grocers' stores, and the rest. This proposal I transmitted, through the Government of Burmah, to the Rangoon Chamber of Commerce. In due course I was informed by the Chief Secretary that it had been passed on to the Chamber, but I am still without any acknowledgment from the latter. I regret to say that this apparent indifference to the furtherance of trade with Yünuan would seem to be characteristic of the present Rangoon Chamber.\n\n## Inland Transit Passes\n\nA local Chinese merchant sent in to me a petition affirming that a consignment of dried orange peel (\"ch'en pi\"), for which an inland transit pass had been taken out at Chungking, was being detained by the li-kin collectorate here. Petitioner represented that the pass had been granted to the British firm of Kung-tai (J. W. Stewart), but on making inquiries I found that it had been issued to the China Merchants Company. Although the goods had, by their passage through Hong Kong, acquired a foreign status, they are of Chinese origin; I did not, therefore, feel justified in doing more than to advise, informally, the Provincial Government to release them pending a reference to the Chungking Customs.\n\nThis is the first case for upwards of three years in which complaint has reached me of lack of respect shown to transit passes.\n\n## Laokei-Yunnan-fu Railway\n\nTowards the end of 1905 the Construction Company declared that the work could not be completed for the amount originally estimated, and that some sixty million more francs would be necessary. It was in connection with this demand that M. Beau, Governor-General of Indo-China, visited the province last March.\n\nHis Excellency was conducted along the line, up the valley of the Namhti, past the Mengizu Plain to La-li-hei, a point some three stages further north. Thence he returned to Tonking by way of Mengtzu and Manhao. The object of this tour was doubtless to show what difficulties had been, and remained to be, surmounted; but to thus confine the Governor-General's attention to a series of ravines was hardly the best way to convince him that the Yunnan Province is worth exploiting. However that may be, it is understood that M. Beau concluded that further financial aid must be given, and with that end in view has been personally consulting at Paris with the State Departments concerned. (He returned a short time since to Hanoi.)\n\nMeanwhile the French Government had sent out a Mission of Inquiry, headed by M. Drogue, Engineer-in-chief of the Ponts et Chaussées. He was assisted by two Engineers, MM. Constantin and Gervais, and by two Financial Experts, MM. Decron and Loisy. The Commission followed the line right up to Yunnan-fu, accompanied by M. Guibert, the Chief Superintendent, and M. Sainson, formerly Consul at Mengtzu, representing the Construction Company; by M. Jullidières, Acting Director-General of Public Works in Tongking, and MM. Metour and Kerler, representing the interests of the Colony; and by MM. Langrogne and Chemin-Dupontès, representing the Concessionnaires. Two days only were spent at Yunnan-fu, after which the party returned to Mengtzu along the earlier trace, through Tunghai. On their arrival at Mengtzu M. Drogue declared himself so disgusted with Chinese inns as to be unwilling to encounter the worst of them all, those between Mengtzu and Manhao. He accordingly elected to go down to Tongking by the Namhti route. Part of his following took the ordinary road to Manhao, while part continued to observe the original trace along the Sinhsien Valley.\n\nIt is confidently expected that, as a result of their reports, the money asked for by the Construction Company will be forthcoming. MM. Guibert and Sainson went to Paris with the Mission, M. Guibert's place being meanwhile taken by M. du Traz.\n\nService trains are running for at least 33 kilom. (say 20 miles) in Yünnan territory, and work is being energetically pushed everywhere. Some 46,000 coolies are now employed, costing per head in the Namhti Valley, in wages and rice, 1 dol. 20 c. a-day. At this (the Yunnan-fu) end of the line, the buildings of the station are complete except for doors, windows, and ironwork. All the staff of the section has been transferred elsewhere, and one European alone will be left in charge of the buildings and of the comparatively small remaining work on the embankments. It seems now fairly certain that the railway will be completed by the end of 1909.\n\nP.S.-A Reuter's telegram (Hong Kong, 24th January) reports that the French Government has approved the project of a loan intended to complete the Yunnan Railway.\n\n## Movements of Foreign Officials\n\nM. Leduc, “Député du Ministère des Affaires Étrangères,\" left Yunnan-fu on the 7th February, after a residence here of close on three years. I hear (from Chinese sources) that he has recommended his Government to bestow decorations on Hsing-lu, for many years Superintendent of the Department for Foreign Affairs in Yünnan and now Financial Commissioner in Kueichow; on Kuei-fu, his sometime Assistant, now Prefect of Chengchiang; on Chou Hang, formerly Magistrate at Mengtzu; and on Tang, French Secretary in the Foreign Department. In return a telegram was sent, about the 4th February, to Peking, asking for the bestowal on M. Leduc of rank of the Second Degree (Erh-p'in Ting-t'ai).\n\nWith the exception of four months at Foochow in 1887, M. Leduc has spent the whole of his twenty-one years of service either in the north, at Peking or Tien-tsin, or in this province, at Mengtzu and Yunnan-fu. He remains titular \"Premier Interprète\" —or, as we should say, Chinese Secretary—to the French Legation; but it is doubtful whether on his return to China at the close of this year he will take up the post.\n\nHe is succeeded here by M. Arnould, Consul of the Second Class. M. Arnould has been stationed at Aleppo, and is altogether ignorant of Chinese. He is some 52 years of age, and has been confined to his bed since his arrival, so that I have not yet had the pleasure of meeting him. He has brought with him his young son of 10, with the latter's governess, Mme. Arnould remaining in France with her daughter.\n\nM. Gélis, Assistant at the French Consulate-General, leaves for Foochow. He has been replaced here by M. Soulier, a young man who has spent five years in China, for the most part at Shaughae. He will act as interpreter for M. Arnould.\n\nTo the Yunnan-fu agency of the Imperial Chinese Post has been sent a Frenchman, M. Périer, at one time employed at the French post-office at Tien-tsin, but later on at the Chinese Post at Yochow. Hitherto the office has been run by Chinese alone, with the result that many complaints reached the Superintending Commissioner (at Mengtzu) of petty frauds or exactions. A recent notification by the Judicial Commissioner invites popular confidence in M. Périer and the three branch offices he has opened in this city.\n\nM. Mougeot, \"Receveur\" at the French post-office here, expects to shortly return to Tonquin. He has an uncle who is, or was, a Cabinet Minister.\n\n## Missions\n\nMgr. Fenouil, titular Bishop of Tenedos and Vicar Apostolic in Yunnan, died on the 10th January, aged 86. He came out to Hong Kong nearly sixty years ago, stayed on the island some two years, then proceeded to this province, where he resided continuously up to the day of his death. He was, I imagine, the oldest European resident in China. In earlier days he more than once went in peril of his life; but he died a Chevalier of the Legion of Honour. For the past few years he led a very secluded life, indeed, never saw him. A Suffragan Bishop, Mgr. Excoffier, acted for him till a year or two ago, when the Suffragan returned to Rome, severing for some reason his connection with the Mission. Since that time P. Maire, the Pro-Vicaire, ...\n\nPage 43",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "page_number": 548,
        "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "# CHINA RAILWAYS\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\nNo. 1.\n\n### SECTION 1.\n\n(No. 248.) Sir,\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received July 15.)\n\nPeking, May 28, 1907.\n\nIN a despatch, copy of which I have the honour to inclose, His Majesty's Acting Consul-General at Canton reports the engagement of two British and an additional Japanese engineer for the Canton-Hankow Line, of which thirty miles are at present under construction at the Canton end.\n\nI learn from His Majesty's Consul-General at Hankow that Mr. Ross, a British subject, has been engaged as executive engineer on the Hunan section of the same line, and that there are three British competitors for the post of chief engineer on this portion of the line. One of these, Mr. Newmarch, of the Imperial Northern Railways, is recommended by Mr. Kinder, who has offered his services, through Mr. Fraser, to the Viceroy for the purpose.\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\n## Inclosure in No. 1.\n\nActing Consul-General Sly to Sir J. Jordan.\n\n(No. 21.) Sir,\n\nCanton, May 3, 1907.\n\nIN continuation of Mr. Mansfield's despatch No. 18 of the 15th ultimo, and with reference to Mr. Consul-General Fraser's despass to you No. 35 of the following day,\n\nI have the honour to report the engagement of two British and an additional Japanese engineer by the Yuch-Han Railway Company. The information first appeared in the native press, and is confirmed by Mr. Kwang, the chief engineer of the line. They are all three section engineers, due to arrive in four or five weeks, but may be later promoted should they give satisfaction. Division or district engineers will, as the work advances, be required; at present thirty miles are under construction. According to Mr. Kwang, he will, with the arrival of these three gentlemen, have seven engineers under him; one other Chinese is expected, making, with the Japanese and Chinese previously engaged, a total number of six. The seventh is, I am inclined to think, either Mr. Sherven, a Norwegian, who is working on the road, though it is not quite clear whether on this or the northern end, or Mr. Williams, an American. The latter was associated with Chang Pi-shih (Chang Chen-hsün) on the projected Canton-Whampoa-Amoy route, and his employment on the Yueh-Han Railway is, the vernacular papers have it, desired.\n\nMessrs. Macdonald & Co., a British firm, have recently secured a contract to supply the railway with 50,000 sleepers, Australian hardwood, at a cost of 120,000 dollars. They were beaten in their tender for 3,000 tons of steel rails, fish-plates, &c., by the Mitsui Busen Kaisha, who have obtained the contract at, roughly, 25,000, the material coming from the Carnegie Steel Company, America.\n\nAn Imperial Decree, received here by telegraph on the 25th ultimo, sanctions the appointments of his Excellency Wu T'ing-fang and Chang Pi-shih as Chief Controllers. These selections are, according to the native press, not approved by the Shanghae shareholders.\n\nCopies of this despatch go to the Hong Kong Government and His Majesty's Consul-General at Hankow.\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) H. E. SLY.",
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    {
        "id": 412494,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "page_number": 254,
        "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## Inclosure 3 in No. 1\n### Sir J. Jordan to M. Bapst\n#### Peking, June 10, 1907\n\nI beg to thank you for your letter of yesterday's date, stating that you have heard nothing about the examination of the title-deeds of the Chinese Engineering and Mining Company's property at Chingwantao, and inclosing a communication from the Viceroy at Tien-tsin which is apparently a reply to some inquiry you addressed to him on the subject.\n\nWhen I spoke to you about this case you expressed some doubt as to the validity of the title-deeds, and I reminded you that they had been examined in 1904 by a Commission composed of the Acting French Consul at Tien-tsin, the Chief of the French Admiral's staff, and Captain Tetart as representing the French army, who had recognized them as valid, subject to certain litigation which was then pending and which has since resulted in the Company's favour.\n\nYou doubted, however, whether any of the above officers possessed sufficient expert knowledge to pronounce an opinion on the subject, and expressed a desire to have the deeds in the Consulate again examined by competent persons whom you would appoint for the purpose.\n\nI agreed to this, and telegraphed on the 17th May to His Britannic Majesty's Consul-General at Tien-tsin to place all facilities in the way of the Delegates you might send to the Consulate to examine the deeds.\n\nAs some time has now elapsed and I am anxious to proceed with the further consideration of the case, I should be greatly obliged if you could kindly arrange to have the title-deeds examined at an early date.\n\nBelieve me, &c.  \n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\n## Inclosure 4 in No. 1\n### M. Bapst to Sir J. Jordan\n#### Le 10 Juin, 1907\n\nJe vous remercie de votre lettre de ce jour. Comme vous vous référez toujours pour cette affaire de Tsingvantao à un examen fait par des officiers Français des titres possédés par la \"Mining Company,\" j'ai prié le Général Sucillon d'opérer des recherches dans ses archives et de m'envoyer le procès-verbal qui avait été dressé.\n\nLe Général a pu retrouver cette pièce; et je m'empresse de vous en envoyer une copie.\n\nJe ne pense pas que le Major Nathan ait lieu de continuer à faire beaucoup de bruit de cet examen.\n\nVeuillez, &c.  \n(Signé) EDMOND BAPST.\n\n## Inclosure 5 in No. 1\n### Procès-verbal of February 22, 1903\n#### AFFAIRE \"MINING\"\n\nInterview du Colonel Wynne, Directeur, au Consulat d'Angleterre à Tien-tsin.\n\n| Question | Réponse |\n| --- | --- |\n| D. Demande au Directeur quels étaient les titres de propriété de la Compagnie sur la baie de Chin-van-tao? | R. Ce n'est pas à la Compagnie à donner ses titres, mais au Gouvernement Français à prouver de quel droit il y occupe des terrains. |\n| D. Mais c'est la Compagnie elle-même, qui, par lettre, du 29 Novembre, offrit au Général de lui montrer ses titres de propriété ? | R. Se décide à exhiber une copie de l'acte de vente du 30 Juillet de l'ancienne Compagnie à la nouvelle, acte enregistré au Consulat Britannique (M. Detring et N. Hover). |\n|  | [Exhibition d'un plan donnant la limite des terrains occupés par l'ancienne Compagnie, également enregistré au Consulat Britannique. L'acte porte Chin-van-tao: 40,000 mous (soit 2,495 hectares 48 ares).] |\n| D. Mais, l'ancienne Compagnie, quels étaient ses droits de propriété sur le terrain qu'elle a vendu? | R. Nous n'avons pas à les montrer, c'est à vous... |\n| D. Alors, pourquoi avez-vous offert antérieurement de montrer tous les actes pouvant établir la propriété de la Compagnie ? | R. Aucun Gouvernement, sauf le Gouvernement Français, ne conteste notre propriété; cependant, par courtoisie je vais montrer nos titres. |\n|  | [Et le Directeur fait ouvrir un coffre-fort où sont étiquetés: Chin-van-tao, Takou, et divers papiers Chinois sous enveloppe. Puis le deuxième coffre-fort, où se trouvent d'autres papiers qui seraient, paraît-il, la reconnaissance des droits de l'ancienne Compagnie, par le Vice-Roi.] |\n| D. Existe-t-il des traductions légalisées de ces différents titres ? | R. Oui, il en existe. |\n| D. Pourrais-je en avoir copie ou communication ? | R. Non; car, par principe, je ne montre nos titres à personne, et ce n'est que par pure courtoisie que je vous les ai montrés (de loin). |\n| D. Dans le cas où le Gouvernement Français reconnaîtrait la propriété de la Compagnie, celle-ci consentirait-elle à vendre ou donner à bail les terrains occupés ? | R. Oui, il n'y aurait pas d'inconvénient; mais il faudrait pour cela m'écrire, afin que je puisse étudier l'affaire. |\n| D. D'autres Puissances ont-elles acheté ou loué des terrains ? | R. Non. |\n\n(Sur ce, clôture de l'interview.)  \nLe 22 Février, 1903.\n\n## Inclosure 6 in No. 1\n### Sir J. Jordan to M. Bapst\n#### Peking, June 11, 1907\n\nI have the honour to acknowledge receipt of your letter of yesterday, inclosing copy of the Minutes of an interview between Captain Tétard and Mr. Wynne at His Britannic Majesty's Consulate-General in Tien-tsin on the 22nd February, 1903.\n\nI would beg leave to point out that the document to which the Chinese Engineering and Mining Company attach importance is the procès-verbal dated the 19th October, 1903, in which the result of the examination of the title-deeds is given as follows:-  \n\"Ces titres ont été reconnus assez sérieux (bien que la propriété définitive de la Compagnie dépende encore d'un procès en cours) pour décider l'Amiral à accepter les propositions de la Mining Company.\"\n\nPage 71  \n[2652 i-8]  \nC  \n251  \n3",
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    {
        "id": 412510,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "page_number": 270,
        "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## CHINA RAILWAYS\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n[30234]\n\nNo. 1.  \n237  \n[September 9.]  \n## SECTION 3.\n\n(No. 8.) Sir,\n\nConsul-General Wilkinson to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received September 9.)\n\nYunnan-fu, July 19, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inclose copy of a despatch which I have addressed to the Government of Burmah, sending copies of the Agreements made between the Commissioner of Customs at Mengtzu and the Director-General of the Exploitation Company of the French railroad, for customs control of railway-borne cargo at the frontier and Mengtzu stations.\n\nI have, &c.  \n(Signed)  \nW. H. WILKINSON,\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\ni  \n$  \n(No. 11.) Sir,\n\nConsul-General Wilkinson to Government of Burmah.\n\nYunnan-fu, July 9, 1907.\n\nTHE railway (and foot) bridge across the mouth of the Namti River, from Laokai, the frontier town of Tonquin, to Hok'ou in Yünnan, was, as you may remember, completed in February 1906, in time to allow the first train that traversed it to convey M. Beau, Governor-General of Indo-China, and his suite into Chinese territory on the occasion of his inspection of the southern half of the French line. M. Beau was accompanied by, among other Notables, M. Gotten, Director-General of the Company which is to manage the line as its successive sections become ready for traffic. The opportunity was taken by Mr. Brewitt-Taylor, then and still Acting Commissioner of Customs at Mengtzu, to arrange with M. Gotten provisional Regulations for control by the Chinese Maritime Customs of the railway-borne traffic at Hok'ou. The result was the Agreement, dated Mengtzu, the 30th March, 1906, of which I have the honour to inclose copy.\n\nThe French text is the official version, but, historically, the English draft is the original, from which the other was translated. I inclose therefore a copy of it also.\n\nBy March of the present year construction trains were running for some 25 kilom. into Yunnan. In May, railhead was at kilom. 45; on the 19th June it had reached kilom. 54. It is expected to be at kilom. 88 in October, and, on the hill slope that bounds Mengtzu Plain to the east (kilom. 167) early next year. At the nearest point to Mengtzu town, 6 kilom. away, the track is 700 feet or so above the plain. From that height it gradually descends until it meets the plain near a small village named Pi-se Chai. Although this point is some 8 kilom., as the crow flies, north-north-east of the town walls, it has been decided between the Railway Exploitation Company and the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs to make Pi-se Chai the railway station for Mengtzu mart.\n\nIn anticipation of the arrival there of the locomotive, Regulations, very similar to those of the 30th March, 1906, for Hok'ou, have been agreed upon between Mr. Brewitt-Taylor and M. Gotten. A copy of these in both French text and English draft I have now the honour to forward to you.\n\nThe earlier Agreement for the frontier station alludes to \"the question of the establishment of a joint customs station at Phomoi.\" Phomoi is the next station south of Laokai, from which it is distant 10 kilom., and as there is very little level ground at Laokai, Phomoi is used as the present terminal depôt for rolling-stock. The proposal that a joint customs station should also be established there came from the Exploitation Company, but, as Mr. Brewitt-Taylor's letter at the time to me shows (copy was inclosed in my despatch to the Chief Secretary of the 20th June, 1906), both the French and the Chinese Customs Service were opposed to this scheme. A neat and fairly capacious shed has now been erected, at the expense of the\n\nPage 270  \nPage 271",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-347 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 431,
        "title": "CO129-347 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "# Woo Smerique \n\n## .80PI, IIGA KJOL \n\nOP Y. \n\n12. \n\nSir, \n\n包 \n\n428 \n\n**Government House, Hongkong, 14th April, 1908.** \n\nTo Total a'vone... I have the honour to acknowledge your letter of April 10th, in which you (a) appeal to me to consult the Chief Justice on all matters relating to the Supreme Court and (b) request that the questions now in issue may be discussed verbally.\n\nWith regard to the first, I am entirely at a loss to understand what misapprehension can have prompted this appeal. It is most certainly my desire now, as it always has been, to consult the Chief Justice on all matters referring to the Supreme Court.\n\nWith regard to the second, I fully informed Your Honour in a private note of the reasons which prompted me to deprecate a discussion of such matters as had already become the subject of Official Correspondence. I observed that I heartily welcome discussion of any matter before it had reached this stage, and when it might be desirable to clear the field of argument and define the issues. The literary ability displayed by Your Honour in stating every conceivable argument in favour of the view you uphold, and in meeting any arguments which may be advanced against it, leaves no room for verbal expansion. Should our points of view unfortunately differ, or should I be unable for financial or other reasons to concur in a proposal made by you - as for instance in the matter of an immediate increase in the Registry Staff - the correspondence is usually forwarded at Your Honour's request to the Secretary of State for his final decision. To make it complete, a precis of any verbal discussion which had intervened would be necessary, and this would involve additional time and work, without, in my opinion, any corresponding gain. The subjects at issue are connected with...",
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    {
        "id": 416768,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 95,
        "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\n**CHINA RAILWAYS.**\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n[June 29.]\n\n## SECTION 3.\n\n[22282]\n\n**(No. 216.)** Sir,\n\n## No. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.—(Received June 29.)\n\nPeking, May 13, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of an extract from the Intelligence Report from Canton for the quarter ended the 31st March, 1908, which deals with the progress made in railway construction in that Consular district.\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\n**(Extract.)**\n\nIntelligence Report for the Quarter ended March 31, 1908.\n\n### The Canton-Hankow Railway.\n\nTHE line is now open to Tai Kan K'iu, a distance of 24.4 miles. Two trains run daily the whole distance, while a third runs as far as Sun Kai, 19 miles.\n\nThe first 80 miles are now under construction. These are divided into eight sections, each under the charge of an engineer, as follows:\n\n| Miles | Engineer | Nationality |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 0 to 9.8 | Ts'ai (Chye) | Chinese |\n| 9.8 to 19.9 | Yamamoto | Japanese |\n| 19.9 to 31.9 | Sherven | Norwegian |\n| 31.9 to 40.0 | Sasao | Japanese |\n| 40.0 to 50.0 | Li | Chinese |\n| 50.0 to 60.0 | Wahr | Swiss |\n| 60.0 to 70.0 | Bodwell | Canadian |\n| 70.0 to 80.0 | Harding | English |\n\nMr. Carr-Harris, Canadian, is division engineer in charge of the last-named four sections.\n\nThe survey of the line from mile 80 to the frontier of the province is now being conducted by a party of four engineers, Burnside, Baby, Macdonald, and Jordan, under the leadership of the first-named, all four being Canadians.\n\nAn American mechanical superintendent, named Riley, has further just been engaged, as also two American engineers, named Williams (formerly in the employ of Chang Pi-shih on the Canton-Amoy line) and Goodell. The former is to take Burnside's place at the head of the survey party, while Burnside is to be division engineer of sections 9 to 12. It is stated that the chief engineer, Kwang, is partial to Canadians, but that the new President, Liang Ch'eng, lately Minister to the United States, favours the employment of Americans.\n\nBeyond mile 24.4 most of the earthwork on sections 3 and 4, and even on part of 5, has been completed, and another 2 miles of line will be opened to traffic shortly. Indeed, the principal obstacles to the completion of the line as far as the middle of section 5 are a number of formidable embankments and cuttings at the end of section 3 and the beginning of section 4. It is now proposed to begin the laying of rails from near Kong Hai in section 5 as well, so that when the embankments are finished, in September or October, the line will be ready for opening up to mile 45, close to the North River.\n\nWork has recently been begun on sections 6 and 7. In the latter there are a couple of tunnels, and construction will be more difficult, from the nature of the terrain.\n\n[1814-3]\n\nPage 92",
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    {
        "id": 417580,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 292,
        "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\n288\n\nC.O.\n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nActing Consul-General For to Sir J. Jordan.\n\n(No. 40. Confidential.) Sir,\n\nCanton, September 9, 1908.\n\nIN continuation of my despatch No. 31, Confidential, of the 25th July last, on the affairs of the Chinese section of the Canton-Kowloon Railway, I have the honour to report that Mr. Grove, the Engineer-in-chief, has now completed his estimate of the total cost of the line from Canton to the British frontier.\n\nMr. Grove is unable to furnish me with a copy of this estimate for your perusal, but suggests that the British and Chinese Corporation, to whom the statement has been forwarded, will doubtless send you a copy if requested to do so.\n\nMr. Grove has with much difficulty, and at a sacrifice of efficiency to economy in certain matters, succeeded in keeping his estimate within the allotted sum (£1,500,000.), leaving, however, no margin for unforeseen expenditure. As stated in my previous Report, the unexpectedly heavy expenditure which is being incurred in the purchase of land is chiefly responsible. Mr. Grove informs me that the purchase of land is now proceeding more satisfactorily, and he hopes by next spring to have secured all the land he requires. Considerable opposition to the railway is being shown in the Samchun district, adjoining the British frontier, where the inhabitants of one village have, after an acrimonious dispute with the railway's land officers, succeeded in inducing the Director-General in Peking to sanction a serious deviation in the line.\n\nMr. Grove estimates that the section between Canton and Hsintang (near Shelkung), some 30 miles long, will be open to traffic in December 1909, and the whole line in July 1911.\n\nThe line is divided, for construction purposes, into three sections, each under a District Engineer.\n\nThe first and third sections present few difficulties; the second section, which is considerably shorter than the others, will require a large amount of bridge work.\n\nWork is now proceeding on all three sections.\n\nMr. Grove does not consider that any good purpose will be served by commencing negotiations for a Working Agreement between the Chinese and British sections until portions of the line on both sides have been opened to traffic, and traffic departments have been organized. However, this is only his personal opinion, and he has asked me to assure the Governor of Hong Kong that, should his Excellency deem it advisable to start preliminary negotiations at this stage, he will co-operate in whatever way he can. He does not wish to take any active part in the negotiations himself, as he is afraid that, by so doing, he might compromise his position as Engineer-in-chief vis-à-vis the Chinese authorities.\n\nI am forwarding a copy of this despatch to the Governor of Hong Kong.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed) H. H. FOX.\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[38032]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[November 2.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n42997\n\n24 NOV OC\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received November 2.)\n\n(No. 420. Confidential.) Sir,\n\nPeking, September 16, 1908.\n\nWHEN Mr. Hillier saw Mr. Liang Shih-yi, of the Board of Communications, on the 1st September, to discuss the draft Final Agreement mentioned at the close of my despatch No. 385 of the 1st September, he was requested to inform his principals that the Grand Council preferred the first of the two alternatives offered on the 29th August, that is, a loan at 95 and 5 per cent., and would probably refuse to conclude the transaction on the 93 basis. Mr. Liang gave expression to some personal disgust at being forced to break his word, but Mr. Hillier naturally insisted that he had been given the option \"firm,\" a fact which was in no way denied, and declined to acquiesce in its withdrawal in this manner. The matter was referred by him to London by telegraph.\n\nIt appears that, in the meantime, the French group had expressed to the Hong Kong and Shanghae Banking Corporation in London their readiness to take half of the whole seven millions at 93 if it were issued at once, but they were unable to co-operate in a loan at 95 for a reason peculiar to the French market. There is a French stamp duty of 2 per cent., as opposed to 10s. per cent. in England, and the difference of 1¼ per cent. left insufficient margin to the French on the 95 offer. As a matter of fact, Mr. Liang in discussion had admitted that the 93 scheme was more advantageous for China, and he could give no better reason for the withdrawal of the option than the wish of his superiors, whose names were not disclosed.\n\nWhile this difficulty was created on the Chinese side, Mr. Hillier's principals showed signs that they were not satisfied to issue a loan without stating the purposes for which the money was required, and especially that four millions of it were to go to the redemption of the existing Belgian indebtedness. Mr. Liang had shown himself stubborn on this point, alleging that the stipulation required might furnish a handle for future interference, and that the Chinese Government were resolved not to furnish the slightest pretext to foreign bondholders to meddle in the administration of the Pei-Han Railway.\n\nI saw my French colleague on the 6th September, gave him a Memorandum by Mr. Hillier to read, and explained the situation fully. He had himself seen Mr. Hillier the same morning, and had learnt from him how matters stood. I should mention that a pledge had been given by Mr. Hillier at the outset that there should be no official intervention of Legations in this matter, but Mr. Hillier did not think that this pledge could be construed to cover a \"breach of faith\" on Mr. Liang's part. On the other hand, it was possible that any attempt by the Legations to hold the Chinese Government to the 93 option might wreck the whole negotiations, and bring the Belgians again on the scene. M. Bapst was willing to let Messrs. Hillier and Casenave decide jointly whether or not they desired intervention, and, if they did, he thought a private representation to Yuan Shih-k'ai would be the best method of procedure. I gathered from him the impression that, in his view, the 95 proposal, which he characterized as a \"bold one,\" had been made and accepted by the British group without consulting the French.\n\nOn the 8th September M. Casenave received a telegram from the Banque de l'Indo-Chine at Paris stating that the price of 95 shut them out entirely from participation in the operation, and making a counter-suggestion of a loan repayable in thirty years at 5 per cent. for fifteen years and 4½ per cent. for the second fifteen years at the price of 94; but soon afterwards this was followed by another telegram instructing him to keep this suggestion in reserve, and to hold the Chinese Government to the 93 option. A telegram to the latter effect was also received by Mr. Hillier from London on the 9th September.\n\nI took advantage of a private visit from Mr. Tong Shao-yi on the 9th September to put the circumstances before him. I did not conceal my suspicions that the surprising withdrawal of the 93 option sprang from some doubtful manoeuvre of Chen Pi, the President of the Board of Communications, who is commonly reported to be in Belgian ...",
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        "id": 419590,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 136,
        "title": "CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "10\n\nHe was playing his own game, as he was quite entitled to. Moreover they do this in language which the other party could only interpret in one way, which was the interpretation of his rights under the Ordinance as he understood them.\n\nAnd then Yiu Chow sued Chu Chuen's executors to enforce the rights which he supposed he had under this agreement, to which he was not a party. He had not the shadow of a right under the Ordinance, because he stood out and declined to assent as the Ordinance required him to do, if he wanted a share in the reclamation land. How he can have any rights under an agreement, which professed to secure for him the rights he had under the Ordinance, when those rights were non-existent, I fail to understand. And not even the use of the word \"trusted\"; and the application of it to Chu Chuen could give him any. If it were really, and if it could be legally, a trust agreement, then it must be construed by the light of what I have already indicated as the proper interpretation of the Ordinance.\n\nA good deal was said about the intention of the Government towards Yiu Chow, and that they never kept him at arm's length. But supposing it admissible in evidence it does not amount to much, except that Yiu Chow repelled all the advances the Government made to him - he certainly kept the Government at arm's length. And that is what the Government, if their action had been guided by what was laid down by the Ordinance, ought to have done to him.\n\nBut the action of the Government is altogether inexplicable. The evidence and the facts being what they are, there appeared in the \"Government Gazette\" of 19th December, 1891, a notice which contained a list of lessees who had accepted: and among them figures the name of Yiu Chow, in respect of sections B and D. It was attempted to put this in evidence. Of course it was objected to. But the Evidence Ordinance of the Colony contains a curious provision which I cannot pass over without criticising adversely.\n\nBy s. 26(3) of Ordinance 2 of 1889 it is provided that in civil proceedings \"all proclamations, etc., and other official communications of the Government appearing in the 'Government Gazette' may be proved by the production of such Gazette, and shall be prima facie proof of any fact of a public nature which they were intended to notify.\" It was contended that this notice was not an official communication ejusdem generis with proclamations, etc. I think it is, and I admitted the evidence with reluctance, intimating that I should deal more fully with the Ordinance itself in my judgment.\n\nThe provision ought to be at once repealed. It is impossible in this way to make any document which is of a public nature, and which is put into the \"Gazette,\" prima facie evidence of the truth of the contents; that is, shift the burden of proof on to the other side, compelling him to prove the untruth. The \"Gazette\" is generally in charge of the Assistant Colonial Secretary, or sometimes of the Chief Clerk, and it simply makes anything which a junior officer chooses to put into the notice prima facie evidence. The danger of the provision is well illustrated by what occurred in this case: the notice must have been a mistake; it cannot have been intentional, because it is diametrically opposed to the facts: and yet it was attempted to put it in evidence. I do not think Mr. Pollock half liked his task, and he did not press the point unduly. But this case was almost inevitably fought on the lines which the Government had traced from the beginning, and on which the other case had been fought and this document had always been a pièce de résistance, so that it could not perhaps consistently have now been omitted.\n\nIt is true that the admitted facts rebutted the prima facies at once, but that is beside the question. The province of the \"Gazette\" is, or should be, well known. It contains notices issued by the Governor, or by command, connected with public affairs; and in such cases, that is to say, when such notices fall within the recognised duties of the Governor, they are rightly made prima facie evidence of the statements contained in them. And this is a general principle with regard to all notices in the \"Gazette.\" But for all other matters the \"Gazette\" ought not to be used, unless specially authorised in every case by the Legislature - as was in fact done in the case of the first notice under the Praya Ordinance. The proper form for such a provision is as it is contained in the Mauritius Common Form Ordinance as follows:-\n\n\"Where in any Ordinance any notice, order, or other document is required to be published in the 'Gazette,' a copy of the Gazette shall be evidence of the facts stated in such notice, order, or document.\"\n\nTo revert to the story of this case. Yiu Chow sued Chu Chuen's executors, and this Court, by a process of reasoning which, with much respect to my learned predecessor, I am unable to follow, held him entitled to recover. The Full Court maintained the decision, and the Privy Council reversed it. And then the Government sued Chu Chuen's executors, which is this action.\n\nThis will be convenient place to deal a little more fully with the argument, much insisted on, that the Government did not put Yiu Chow at arm's length, but recognised him as a Crown lessee who had signified his acceptance, in spite of his not having done so in fact, as appears from\n\n133",
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        "document_key": "CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 145,
        "title": "CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "142\n\nI\n\n...mont artros S abitiw west of b*2*olle sets edt $quoos of\n\n62 mlrithw Joseta de cala od hrs,maig set to molasolIfug\n\n„dinom brinit\n\n,\"ado290 ditë no berdoxe bobron maidel 9.72\n\n*Note na harmia to bed geons nar's bar ghaq tarèiem JNE\n\nbsduc-sur¿brarger? soIPIE (\"ea1920 hral vrie\n\n(\n\n.tren\n\neid tot atte) Arte art anin of hawolle ed blorie neulḥ ac dent\n\nakú to naltlónɑn uo Aɛn dod enize\" od molźmi. Josk erfi to slow\n\nbrus ameifqs/E Arts woɗ HAY TO BEIAín s/? vtaléen në sulysja biur\n\nwy y berolige naw eeuroo ait,nor resevol end timehed of\n\nTOMATOð Bíó về hanolánmen hue finaal Iænsned-veztottá muitoA\n\n(\"sdóvon? „left no naur2) #10 yet herria ewe atikums102 mit bra\n\n.RASI\n\nť\n\nory Bretiged? „nd aby boltenu aspro meto\n\n.braquìh oda to two baqgorh\n\nLundquod batsbinnon raw dl melj dend JA\n\nart mi snelle of dor no addede bært archfor colzoon daar hartedu\n\n- voð er to molinsând art vidariaeng age 3) bus,colòmmefue*\n\nmen vrac testen wild sirten void xi” bus cowio wo jef of dress\n\n.wad ?0 Prod a uti no videning Title esviseriedt\n\nalysen dom bivoo 82natsio erit vlezamudtotal!\n\nherosum recésit oid malve-I helb ftod bnsvidanire\n\nwi to pelasinvestist wild won nd grit wo\n\nGAY IIa berbupos event na 2 nuk muï hna #ico zũ nem bre\n\n10 not doa 19jest bas eexora,noando? „«^eesk „ædrinin a'worD\n\n.A\" ANJO Kd not nederek bu enowk .atzeak bre anl\n\nITSUNO\n\nto noiseeneo: oant dat now at um 80PI MI\n\n-Tahru Malleta s spirie etЛ noqu nolcanfoof off to alors sud\n\narsa tot el bros 185 I në nowo mo to neri tart of antiisd-\n\nenirdalo gal¤ #10 #anime col:os \"B JENVOT muf bis 18/0 T86%\n\nPOI! Tot estar a su ni mto send moldwtsforb a (toatte mi}\n\n. ans F erottoeë salɛongo molter(os? orld to\n\nnt heblash (marchoon) solonet, tel:3) es\n\n** in Iseng mu bas nsrik cox nef ben ki: all muem su torst\n\nGoodman and Mr. Sercombe Smith confirmed that decision.\n\nChu Ping appealed to the Privy Council,\n\nThe Privy Council held that under the\n\nReclamation Ordinance frontagers only were entitled to share\n\nin the reclamation, but decided that Chu Ping was not a Trustee\n\nand that Chan and Pun had no rights against him: and the Privy\n\nCouncil dismissed the action of Chan and Pun, but without pre-\n\njudice to any claim which might be made by them either directly\n\nor through the Government, or any action they might be advised\n\nto bring in respect of any part of the land or any sum of money\n\nwhich might thereafter be awarded to them by the Governor under\n\nSection 8 Sub-section 6 of the Reclamation Ordinance.\n\nIn the meantime Messrs. Ewens and Harston\n\ndiscovered that a petition had been sent by Yiu Chow to the\n\nRegistrar-General in October, 1889, which put an aspect on the\n\nmatter quite different from that shown in Mr. Bruce Shepherd's\n\nevidence on the trial, and drew the attention of the Govern-\n\nment to the judgments of the Hongkong Court and the Privy\n\nCouncil, and the petition.\n\nMessrs. Ewens and Harston took Counsel's\n\nopinion on the whole matter and were advised to ask His Excel-\n\nlency the Governor to sue on behalf of their clients to compel\n\nChu Ping to carry out the agreement signed by Chu Chuen on 19th.\n\nDecember, 1889, and the agreement signed by Chu Ping in 1903.\n\nMr. Sercombe Smith, then Acting Colonial\n\nSecretary, went very fully into the matter, and considering\n\nthat Chan and Pun had a real grievance advised the Governor to\n\naccede to their request, and after correspondence the present\n\naction was commenced.\n\nAt the trial Mr. Pollock for the Plaintiff\n\ntried to put in evidence Yiu Chow's Petition and various\n\nminutes dealing with it, but the Chief Justice excluded this\n\nvery important evidence, on the ground that (as was unfortunately\n\nthe case) no witness was produced to prove that the Petition\n\nwas\n\nPERENCA ANT",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "page_number": 395,
        "title": "CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "Page 333\n\n20 the DAV KOHT # not neidrodigia si anan por VÀ Bobao xin sanit or pramen de IT .‡Cevennes Isiveqa „EINGA JAR 72 ma del elt sattuul. Y1:10 Bnr gf betong mot erit to exile evt ot •MC CHÍ GIISTAY MÁ .YUNG A *noted bebÝ IN - ved bforfa .b& →inivel dansgendIn wie man øved or resa don asob vald .fite bra I hovlarni vans Intot - „YUL. A vežbiosisiokw wild, not not/go- 000, 05€ 15 at aneso turot eeo:ly -dano zengi sya? I ca%80 00/ BA -*SONG Bore € *R*DataGA 100w nolcokbatur, vblenden! ni being aned ever! vi- Ingkete() mt hou com ***i^ B besbaab utarbely mis terk base of mere yari nolculbain to nst bus ticentri ad caso es rithe Ekob of solta T teir art A new drino Thờ mg of Danente me shen vino bus atoutsenk .net her as esv vunt Isioega sees bronus erit to wobble; barth ohm HS DE NOVO to win entef & quivlovat A net bred title.li a sidemakdaen, is al bue Just 3 BON'T 163, AL BUN AY), Act acolteuli „A UNOSIR ME & fpermaneg að (Doitavt -solljus hian men da beremol to tenths. 1 sull,nhac visetupent doz attuale da z at Ysa oh rv zary and PURE VIJESjent enw anol?- be not matteolla ere,hovkonti adnet dasdrogrid ena storit beanetɗo ilgwollt wire hanno to telean a en howolle et birorta .bauit. d 0. dor bite,ente tecido mvis vi os kot mi) -ndresd on net par da Loud at beautem cond wwwt (ansos rattasip aide to •at hebigen TRUL ved 3 1-6 edgermutte¶ I .0303 ni yeh I pi -Ah oftacio saltau, tohib ale vd heroup asaza siz robinLOD abio pra sad cult to molten vis ne not woð khanoer að vutog point I will deal with later on.\n\nParagraph 6. It is very satisfactory to have an assurance from the Chief Justice \"that personally he is not at all unfavourable to juries\", as hitherto the Chief Justice has made no secret of the views he held (but has now apparently abandoned) that he did not approve of a Jury and he has stated this on more than one occasion.\n\nIf any further argument were required to show the necessity for a change in the existing ordinances it is found in the concluding lines of the Chief Justice's letter. \"In the first case on the list, a partnership issue, I intimated that I thought there should be a Jury to try such issues; but this was strongly objected to by one of the Counsel engaged\".\n\nHere we have the Chief Justice in agreement with us, that a Jury should be granted, and yet he so reads the Ordinances that he seems to consider he is bound to refuse a Jury whenever objected to by one side or the other.\n\nUp till the Spring of 1908 a jury has very rarely been refused, but now a new construction appears to have been placed upon the law and in spite of his better judgment, the Chief Justice seems to consider he is compelled to refuse a Jury if pressed to do so.\n\nI believe the Puisne Judge supports the Chief Justice in his opposition to our suggestion to revert to the old practice which obtained prior to 1901, on the grounds, so I am given to understand, that we should follow the home practice, but this I consider is inapplicable to this Colony and that the cases quoted have clearly demonstrated this.\n\nAt home application for a jury is heard by one Judge, the case subsequently coming before another. While there is further full arrangement made for appeals. I understand a case is rarely heard by the same Judge who may have refused a Jury.\n\nIn Hongkong the application for a jury is made...\n\nPage 334",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 8,
        "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[43872]\n\n## No. 1.\n\n### SECTION 2.\n\n**(No. 525.)** Sir,\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received December 16.)\n\nPeking, November 24, 1908.\n\nTHOUGH many of the Decrees which have been issued in the first week of the infant Emperor's reign have little bearing on foreign relations, it has occurred to me that in the singularly abnormal circumstances a rapid review of those which have not been inclosed in my preceding despatch may be of some interest.\n\nThe irregularity of Kuang Hsu's succession was explained fully in Sir Thomas Wade's despatch No. 14 of the 19th January, 1875, and it will be sufficient to recall that His Majesty's death without offspring left his predecessor, Tung-chih, also heirless. Decree of the Empress Dowager, dated the 14th November, ordained that the present Emperor, her grand-nephew, should by adoption continue the line of Tung-chih, her son, as well as that of Kuang Hsü, her nephew.\n\nFollowing the death of Kuang Hsü it became necessary to designate his widow the \"Empress Dowager,\" and to make room for this the title of her aunt was exalted to that of \"August Empress Dowager\" by a Decree of the Emperor issued on the 15th November. On the same day Decrees of the August Empress Dowager appeared, handing over the reins of government to the Prince Regent, and appointing four Imperial Princes and four high officers of the Central Government, amongst whom were the two Presidents of the Wai-wu Pu, Na-tung and Yuan Shih-k'ai, to superintend the funeral of Kuang Hsü. The significance of Her Majesty's act of devolution was disclosed in a later Decree of the 15th November—the last executive utterance apart from the traditional valedictory Edict—in which it was plainly indicated that she felt herself at death's door, and desired that Kuang Hsü's widow should, in a measure, take her place in the future conduct of the government.\n\nThe Emperor's Decrees of this day were mere formal documents altering the mode of writing the second Chinese ideograph of his personal name in accordance with the national taboo, and absolving the chief officers of State employed outside the capital from the sacred duty of paying the last mark of respect to the remains of Kuang Hsü.\n\nThe Empress Dowager's death brought forth, on the 16th November, regulation Decrees appointing the same number of Princes and statesmen as in the case of Kuang Hsu to attend to the obsequies of Her Majesty, and also relieving the high provincial officials from the obligation to come to Court. To these were added two Decrees ordering the strictest guard to be kept on the Palace gates and forbidding any one to sleep in the precincts except the officers and servants on duty, these precautions being no doubt invoked by persistent rumours of the presence of revolutionaries in Peking. Members of the Empress Dowager's own family were commanded to wear full mourning for 100 days, the period of national mourning being twenty-seven days only.\n\nA eulogy of Kuang Hsu was issued in a Decree of the 17th November, in which the principal achievements of his reign are enumerated, ending in the preparation for a constitutional Government, and orders are given for the composition of a suitable dynastic title. Other Decrees commanded Prince P'u-lan and Chrên Pi, President of the Board of Communications, to select a site for Kuang Hsü's tomb in either the East or West Mausolea of the Imperial Family, and, after ancient precedents, degraded the physicians who were treating His Majesty up to his death.\n\nThe most important Decree of the 19th announced the style of the new reign, Hsian-t'ung, which will not come into general use till the beginning of the new Chinese year, all documents being until then dated in the 34th year of Kuang Hsii. The style usually has some dynastic meaning apart from the sense of the characters, and I am informed by Chinese that in this case the ideograph \"Hsian\" is probably part of the dynastic title of Hsien-fêng, the present Emperor's grandfather, and “tung\" may be translated \"succession\" or \"line.\"\n\nTwo Decrees dealt with the question of mourning, the Princes and Ministers urging ...\n\nPage 1",
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        "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
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        "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "## Decrees issued on November 15, 1908\n\nremains. Now that His late Majesty has departed this life, we decree that all Tartar-Generals, Governors-General, Governors, Manchu Lieutenant-Generals and Deputy Lieutenant-Generals, Commanders-in-chief, Brigade-Generals, and Military Commandants, the Military Governors of the Western and Northern Provinces, Provincial Treasurers, Directors of Education, Salt Commissioners, Superintendents of Customs and of Imperial Manufactories, and other officers shall not apply for permission to come to the capital for the purpose of paying their respects to the Imperial remains, as their posts would thereby be left vacant. It is incumbent on these officers to show the utmost zeal in the performance of their duties, and thereby, rather than by empty phrases, prove themselves worthy of the responsibilities intrusted to them.\n\nLet general instructions to this effect be issued.\n\n## Appointments for Mourning Rites\n\nNovember 15, 1908.\n\nPrinces Su and No-lo-ho, Duke Po-ti-su, Military Lieutenant-Governor of the Khor-ch'in tribe, the Assistant Grand Secretaries Jung-ching and Lu-ch'uan-lin, Lu Jun-hsiang, President of the Board of Civil Office, the Comptroller of the Household, Kuei-chun, the Senior Vice-President of the Board of Rites, and Ching-hou are directed to make all arrangements in connection with the mourning rites of Her late Majesty the August Empress Dowager.\n\n## Decrees issued on November 16, 1908\n\nIn addition to the Princes and officers already nominated, Prince Kung and P'u-t'ing, President of the Board of Agriculture, Industry, and Commerce, are directed to assist in carrying out the mourning rites for Her late Majesty the August Empress Dowager.\n\nOn the occasion of the death of Her late Majesty the August Empress Dowager, the Governors-General, Governors, and other high provincial officers, having all their respective duties to attend to, should not apply for permission to come to the capital for the purpose of paying their respects to the Imperial remains, but should display their zeal by exerting themselves to the utmost in the transaction of the affairs of the State rather than by means of mere ceremonies and phrases.\n\nIt is fitting that the gates of the Forbidden City should be guarded with the utmost care and reverence, and repeated instructions have been issued to the high officer responsible to prohibit the entrance of unauthorized persons, and to have a close watch kept on all entering or leaving the forbidden precincts. In spite, however, of these reiterated commands there has recently been some laxity in the enforcement of the prohibition, and it is therefore necessary to issue a further injunction on the subject. The Commandants of the Vanguard, the Captain-General of the Guards, and the Comptroller of the Household are directed to instruct the troops on duty that they must display the utmost vigilance and prevent the entrance or exit of unauthorized persons falsely claiming to be on official business. Should there continue to be any remissness after the issue of the present Decree, the high officer responsible will be severely punished.\n\n## Decree of the Empress Dowager\n\nOfficers on daily duty in the Imperial Palace are directed, in accordance with precedent, to reside and sleep within the Palace; no other officers of any description are permitted to do so.\n\n## Decree of the Emperor\n\nMembers of Her late Majesty the August Empress Dowager's own family are directed to wear full mourning during a period of 100 days.\n\n## Decrees of the Emperor, November 17, 1908\n\nEulogizes His late Majesty, and commands that a suitable posthumous title for his reign shall be composed, in accordance with custom.\n\nThe chief points noted in regard to the deceased Emperor and his reign are that throughout thirty-four years His late Majesty devoted all his care and attention to State affairs, under the guidance of the late Empress Dowager; that he kept a check over the officials, from whom he exacted conscientious labour; that he always showed solicitude for the welfare of the people; and that he inaugurated many reforms in education, the army, finance, currency, the pacification of frontier tribes, the cultivation of waste lands, the encouragement of trade and industry, the introduction of new weights and measures, the development of posts, shipping, railways, mines, &c. By honouring the memory of Confucius His Majesty paid respect for the past. By making Commercial Treaties foreign relations were cemented. With due regard for national customs and beliefs the Penal Code was revised. The differences between Manchus and Chinese were composed. All these steps led towards the establishment of constitutional government after nine years.\n\n## Decree\n\nHis late Majesty having selected no place of burial, let P'an Lun and Ch'en Pi proceed with diviners to the Eastern and Western Tombs and reverently investigate the location of a site.\n\nLet them prepare plans and a Report for submission to the Throne.\n\n## Decree\n\nCh'en Pin Chun and other physicians to His late Majesty are degraded two steps in rank.\n\n## Decree\n\nChang Chung Yuan and others, officials of the Imperial College of Physicians, are degraded but allowed to remain in office.\n\n## Decree received by the Grand Secretariat, November 18, 1908\n\nThe Princes and Ministers have represented to us the difficulties involved in three years' mourning, and have begged that the old rule may be followed.\n\nIn perusing the Memorial our grief has been increased. We have inherited His late Majesty's high estate, and even if we bore mourning throughout our whole life it would still be an insufficient recognition of the favour which has been bestowed upon us. How can it be said that three years' mourning suffices to demonstrate our affliction or to discharge the ceremonial observance of our loss? Moreover, three years' mourning is the right of every parent, from the lowliest to the Son of Heaven. It is so written in the Book of Rites, and how should we dare to disobey? If we dispensed with mourning after twenty-seven days our conscience would verily rebel!\n\nLet officials and people mourn in accordance with the old rule (i.e., twenty-seven days). We will verily follow the ancient rule and mourn for three years.\n\n[Note. The significance of this Decree is shaken by the discovery that it is textually the same as one issued in 1875 by the late Emperor under similar circumstances. TRANSLATOR.]\n\n## Decree\n\nPromotes various concubines of the late Emperor, and grants them each an allowance of 500 taels per mensem.\n\n## Decree\n\nTang Shao Yi memorializes by telegraph, asking whether his Imperial letter for the American President should be changed, and suggesting the alteration of the last character in his name. [“Yi,\" which is the same as the last character in the new Emperor's name, “P'u-Yi.”—TRANSLATOR.]\n\nLet the Board take note.\n\n## Decree handed to the Grand Secretariat, November 18, 1908\n\nTo-day the Grand Council received the mark of the Vermilion Pencil selecting the two characters \"Hsun-Tung\" [the Proclaimed Succession] as the title of the new reign.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 11,
        "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "# Decrees dated November 18, 1908.\n\n**Decree of the Empress Dowager** (widow of the late Emperor Kuang Hsü) commands the Prince Regent to wear mourning for 100 days.\n\n**Decree of the Emperor**, commands the Princes and Ministers appointed to superintend the Imperial funeral arrangements to wear mourning, in accordance with rule, for 100 days.\n\nThe same command is extended to Prince Ch'ing, Prince Chuang, the Khorch'in Prince (Mongol), the Prince of K'e-ch'in, the Naiman Prince (Mongol), the Princes Tsai Jun, Tsai Hsun, Tsai Tao, Yu Lang, K'alach'in (Mongol), Khorch'in (Mongol, third Order), P'u Lun, Yu Su, the Tumed Prince (Mongol), the Duke P'u Chieh, the Duke of Kh'orchin (Mongol), Prince Tsai Chen (son of Prince Ching), Duke P'u-T'ung, the Generals of the Imperial Body Guard, Fen Ch'e and Se-leng-o, the Lieutenant-Generals Shan-Yu and Liang Tai, a number of husbands of Imperial Princesses, the Grand Councillor and Grand Secretary, Chang Chih Tung, the Grand Secretary Sun Chia Nai, the President of the Army Board (Tieh Liang), the President of the Board of Communications (Ch'ien Pi), the President of the Board of Dependencies (Shou Ch'i), and four officials of the Imperial College of Inscriptions.\n\nAll other Princes and Ministers are to wear mourning for twenty-seven days, and to burn it on expiry of that period.\n\n**Decree received by the Grand Secretariat, November 19, 1908.**\n\nEulogizes the late August Empress Dowager, the devoted Consort of the Emperor Hsien-Feng, who, at the death of that Emperor, when the Empire was distracted with war and rebellion, and at a time when Treaties had first been signed with foreign Powers and general unrest prevailed, was called upon by the officials of the Empire to join with the first Empress Consort to act as Regent for the Emperor Tung-chih. For this purpose she had received from the Emperor Hsien Feng, while at Jehol, a special seal engraved with the five characters \"Yu Shang Tung Tao Tang\" (\"Colleagues by Imperial Grant\"), which was to be affixed to Decrees of the Court.\n\nOn returning to Peking, she was able to re-establish tranquillity by sweeping aside the great rebels, and to recover the supreme power. In so doing she was supported by high dignitaries of the Imperial House, and used all her endeavours to govern in the interests of the people, under the advice of her Ministers.\n\nShe compiled the work on Government entitled \"Chih-Ping-chih-Pao-chien” (“The Mirror of Peaceful Governance\"). She called into her service great scholars, brought to a speedy end the Tai Ping rebellion, the rising of the Nien Fei, the Mohammedan rebellion, and the insurrection of aboriginal tribes. With the land beyond the four seas she transformed the beacon lights of war into lamps of peace, and brought the people from peril to felicity.\n\nWhen His Majesty the late Emperor came to the throne she was again graciously pleased to nurture him tenderly, and again to superintend the Government through troublous times, without count of the labour which was thereby involved, and, as time went on, and relations with all the world became more close each day, brought forward new questions. Both in foreign and internal affairs no subject was neglected by her. Without thought of self, no leisure remained unto her in the pursuit of progress along paths of reform.\n\nShe founded the Tang Wen Kuan [College of Languages, under the Imperial Maritime Customs] for the training of interpreters. She established the navy and arsenals. She appointed Ministers to reside in various countries to strengthen friendly relations. She sent students abroad, caused railways to be constructed and mines to be opened. She issued a Commercial Code, introduced a uniform currency, and encouraged the development of shipping, posts and telegraphs, the unification of weights and measures, the digging of wells (in Peking) as a means of dealing with fires.\n\nShe abolished the malpractices of ages, changed the system of public examinations, opened schools and colleges, abolished torture, prohibited the use of punishments during trials, revised the laws, and bestowed honours on the memory of Confucius.\n\nShe further instituted the training of the army on modern lines in order to set the Empire on strong foundations and to quell disorder; and, as in ancient times it was right and proper to utilize the ability of others, she introduced into the art of government principles culled from Western and Eastern lands. As the Sovereign has ever sought to blend the hearts of the people into one, she broke down the barriers between Manchus and Chinese.\n\nShe pressed forward the revision of the Kuang-Hsü-Hui-Tien (Collected Institutes of the Dynasty), caused maps to be made for military use, extended protection to Chinese settlers in other lands, made charitable donations to friendly countries on occasions of national calamity, preventing members of her own family from grasping power, refused honours for herself, and in every manner surpassed even the Empresses Ming-Te of the Han Dynasty and Hsuan Jen of the Sung Dynasty.\n\nMoreover, she was endowed by Heaven with exceptional accomplishments, in needlework, writing, and painting, in all of which she excelled. In her Palace grounds also she made the Yu-Yi-Chuang, a model farm, where she watched the processes of agriculture; and the Ch'i-Hua-Kuan, where she studied the rearing of silkworms.\n\nWhen she heard of floods or famine, she longed for the clemency of the elements. Frugal in her daily life, she raised her prayers to Heaven in the watches of the night for the benefit of her people.\n\nRecently she promulgated the term of years within which a Constitution is to be established, to the great joy of the whole Empire, and thereby carried on the tradition established by Yao and Shun of acting in sympathy with the people, and swept away the form of government by force which first grew up in the Ch'in and Han Dynasties.\n\n**Decree ends** with a command to the Grand Secretariat and the various Boards to consult together as to the posthumous title to be bestowed on Her late Majesty.\n\n## Decrees issued on November 19 and 20, 1908.\n\n### November 19, 1908.\n\nThe Mongolian Princes and Nobles of all ranks whose turn for duty in the capital occurs this year will all be permitted to pay their respects to the remains of Their late Majesties. Payment of tribute will be remitted for the present year. Princes and Nobles not on the roster for duty in the capital this year are not required to come to Peking.\n\n### November 20, 1908.\n\nIn view of the fact that Her late Majesty the August Empress Dowager guided the destinies of the Empire during the long period of more than forty years, it is fitting that the mourning rites in her honour should be on a scale of exceptional magnificence. The Board of Rites are instructed to revise the programme already submitted and present a further Memorial.\n\n### November 20, 1908.\n\nP'u-t'o Ku, which was definitely selected as the site of the tomb of Her late Majesty the August Empress Dowager, shall hereafter be known as \"The P'u-t'o Ku Eastern Ting Mausoleum,\" and all public Departments are directed to use this name in future.\n\n### November 20, 1908.\n\nOn the 15th November a Decree was issued by Her late Majesty the August Empress Dowager ordering that the administration of all affairs of State should rest with the Prince Regent, that is to say, that the Prince Regent, acting on our behalf, should direct all the affairs and exercise full control over the public service of the Empire. The commands of Her late Majesty are binding on all, from the highest to the lowest, but should be treated with special reverence by the Princes and other members of our Imperial House, whose duty it is to set an example to the rest of the nation.\n\nShould any Princes, Nobles, or officers show any reluctance in rendering obedience, fail in their duty, or otherwise endanger the tranquillity of the Empire, they will be punished without fail in accordance with the law of the land, lest, by a display of ... \n\nPage 2049\nPage 10",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 585,
        "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "## લિગ દેશ \n\n**(Telegraphic.)** \n\n2 \n\n**Inclosure in No. 1.** \n\n**Lord French to Messrs. Pauling and Co.** \n\n**CANTON-HANKOW Railway.** \n\nPeking, February 10, 1909. \n\nThe greatest difficulty we have to encounter has been caused by Japanese. There is great danger of Chinese acceptance Canton-Kowloon Railway terms in consequence of Japanese intrigues. Chinese admit forced to refuse contract, we have no doubt owing to the Japanese. Seen Japanese, who suggest as price support participation all construction contracts China. Present position is such that I cannot obtain contract unless Japanese settled. Please authorize me to deal with subject to confirmation by yourself. You will remember that Japanese have right one-half engineers Canton-Hankow Railway according to the Agreement 1905. Hsu Shih Chang, Viceroy of Manchuria, has been appointed the President of the Board of Posts and Communications. \n\nKeep this quite secret. Sir John Jordan has received instruction to confer the United States' Minister at Peking with regard to the position of Japanese Manchuria. \n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.] \n\n580 \n`C.O. 8782` \n[February 10.] \n\n## SECTION 1. \n\n| REC | No. I. | REGP 12 MAR 05 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n|  |  | CHINA RAILWAYS. |\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.** \n`[5518]` \n\n**Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received February 10.)** \n\n**(No. 32.) Sir,** \n\nPeking, January 19, 1909. I HAVE the honour to inclose copies of correspondence relating to railways in Anhui Province, which has been sent to me by Mr. Bland. The proposal made to Mr. Bland, that a silver loan of 3,000,000 taels (£350,000) should be made by the British and Chinese Corporation to an intermediary native bank, so that the provincial Railway Company should not incur the odium of borrowing from the foreigners, is interesting only as showing the methods and attitude of the Anhui gentry, who are apparently quite willing to borrow foreign money, soi-disant clandestinely, now that they find it impossible to raise Chinese capital for railway construction. \n\nMr. Bland's reply to this ingenuous proposition appears to me to have been a proper one. \n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1. \n\n**Mr. Tsui to Mr. Bland.** \n\nCustom-house, Shanghae, January 2, 1909. I BEG respectfully to inclose you herewith a copy of a primary Agreement for a loan of 3,000,000 taels of silver between the Pao Hing Company and the Anhui Railway Company for constructing the railways in that province. \n\nAs the Pao Hing Company is going to fulfil the Agreement by making a foreign loan with any foreign capitalist, I, being the best friend to the Chief Manager and the Directors, am now requested to bring the matter into your consideration. \n\nThe Chief Director of the Anhui Railway Company, Taotai Chow Yao-ming, wishing to avoid the name of having had a foreign loan by the said Railway Company, has recently made the Agreement inclosed with the Pao Hing Company for the said loan and allows the latter to make any foreign loan under its own name. By means of this the Anhui Railway Company may be free from the name of having had a foreign loan, and the Pao Hing Company, being backed up by the said Railway Company, is always responsible for the refund of the said loan and the payments of interest. \n\nWith regard to the difference of the loan made—i.e., the Pao Hing Company made the loan in sycee and the foreign loan might be in sterling—the Pao Hing Company, who is allowed to have special benefit in the said railway, is responsible to refund the loan in sterling at current rate, in spite of any difference in exchange. \n\nI sincerely hope that the said loan will be successfully made by your Corporation and the Pao Hing Company. If you are in favour of the same, I shall feel much obliged to receive your instructions at your earliest convenience. Otherwise you are requested to send back the inclosed copy with your kind reply. \n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) TSUI PI TA.\n\n### Inclosure 2 in No. 1. \n\n**Mr. Bland to Mr. Tsui.** \n\nMy dear Mr. Tsui, \n\nPeking, January 9, 1909. I AM obliged to you for your letter of the 2nd instant, and for the proposal that the Corporation should undertake to raise a loan to the Pao Sing Bank for the construction of the Anhui Railway Company's railways. \n\nI regret, however, that the conditions which you name are not such as I can submit to the Corporation. I have frequently discussed the question of the Wuhu...",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "page_number": 589,
        "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "# CHINA RAILWAYS\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n**(5518)**\n\nNo. 1.\n\n**RECEIVED**  \nC.O.  \n878 2 February 10 3  \n**REGISTERED** 12 MAR  \n**SECTION** 3.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received February 10.)\n\n**(No. 32.)** Sir,\n\nPeking, January 19, 1909.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inclose copies of correspondence relating to railways in Anhui Province, which has been sent to me by Mr. Bland. The proposal made to Mr. Bland, that a silver loan of 3,000,000 taels (£350,000.), should be made by the British and Chinese Corporation to an intermediary native bank, so that the Provincial Railway Company should not incur the odium of borrowing from foreigners, is interesting only as showing the methods and attitude of the Anhui gentry, who are apparently quite willing to borrow foreign money, *soi disant* clandestinely, now that they find it impossible to raise Chinese capital for railway construction.\n\nMr. Bland's reply to this ingenuous proposition appears to me to have been a proper one.\n\nI have, &c.  \n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nDear Sir,\n\nMr. Tsui to Mr. Bland.\n\nCustom-house, Shanghae, January 2, 1909.\n\nI BEG respectfully to inclose you herewith a copy of a primary Agreement for a loan of 3,000,000 taels of silver between the Pao Hing Company and the Anhui Railway Company, for constructing the railways in that province.\n\nAs the Pao Hing Company is going to fulfil the Agreement by making a foreign loan with any foreign capitalist, I, being the best friend to the Chief Manager and the Directors, am now requested to bring the matter into your consideration.\n\nThe Chief Director of the Anhui Railway Company, Taotai Chow Yao-ming, wishing to avoid the name of having had a foreign loan by the said Railway Company, has recently made the Agreement inclosed with the Pao Hing Company for the said loan, and allows the latter to make any foreign loan under its own name. By means of this, the Anhui Railway Company may be free from the name of having had a foreign loan, and the Pao Hing Company, being backed up by the said Railway Company, is always responsible for the refund of the said loan and the payments of interest.\n\nWith regard to the difference of the loan made, i.e., the Pao Hing Company made the loan in sycee, and the foreign loan might be in sterling—the Pao Hing Company, who is allowed to have special benefit in the said railway, is responsible to refund the loan in sterling at the current rate, in spite of any difference in exchange.\n\nI sincerely hope that the said loan will be successfully made by your Corporation and the Pao Hing Company. If you are in favour of the same, I shall feel much obliged to receive your instructions at your earliest convenience. Otherwise, you are requested to send back the inclosed copy with your kind reply.\n\nI have, &c.  \n(Signed) TSUI PI TA.\n\n### Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nMr. Bland to Mr. Tsui.\n\nMy dear Mr. Tsui,\n\nPeking, January 9, 1909,\n\nI AM obliged to you for your letter of the 2nd instant, and for the proposal that the Corporation should undertake to raise a loan to the Pao Sing Bank for the construction of the Anhui Railway Company's railways.\n\nI regret, however, that the conditions which you name are not such as I can submit to the Corporation. I have frequently discussed the question of the Wuhu Railway, &c.,\n\nPage 584",
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    {
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "## 4\n\nEmperor he received an appointment from Chen-pi. It is suggested that he was given this post because Ch'en-pi was in his power, owing to the knowledge possessed by Li-chun of the misappropriation of public funds by the President.\n\nLi-chün has been examined with regard to this charge, but denies having had financial transactions with Chien-pi, and it is difficult to find conclusive proof of such transactions.\n\n## any\n\n### 15. \nCh'en-pi is charged with having opened, through an agent, a grain shop outside the Chien Men, and with arranging that the grain conveyed to this shop should evade the payment of duty.\n\nThe memorialists have interrogated the manager of the shop referred to, but have not been able to find any proof of the existence of a partnership between him and Ch'en-pi.\n\n### 16. \nCh'en-pi is charged with conniving at a fraudulent conspiracy between an officer in the Board named Chin Kung-shou and a certain firm of timber merchants.\n\nIt is found that whilst there is no conclusive proof of the existence of such a conspiracy there are considerable grounds for suspicion.\n\n### 17. \nAnother charge of having given an appointment to an incompetent officer, owing to improper influence, is not fully established.\n\n### 18. \nFinally, he is charged with taking bribes in return for granting public appointments. The bribes were said to be on the following scale: 10,000 dollars for a recommendation to an appointment as Councillor or Secretary, 3,000 taels for transferring an officer to the Board, and 5,000 taels on giving a substantive appointment.\n\nIf this charge is true the utmost secrecy must have been preserved with regard to the matter, and no definite proof has been brought forward.\n\nThe memorialists conclude, as the result of their investigation, that as regards the charges of taking secret commissions, having misappropriated public funds, opening a grain shop, and taking bribes, although there are many rumours on the subject, no conclusive proof has been adduced, and they may therefore be disregarded for the present. As regards, however, the large sums of money under the Board's control, which are either the property of the State or else share-capital subscribed by the people, it is essential that the utmost care and economy should be observed. When such salaries as 1,900 taels and 1,000 taels a-month are paid to the Directors of Railway and other bureaux, what can be the amount of the emoluments received by still higher officials? When men of exceptional merit are engaged it is right that they should be paid liberally, but there is no doubt that whilst the officers holding posts in the Board may be competent, there has been much extravagance and corrupt practices.\n\nThey recommend the dismissal of two officers, Chin Kung-shou and Ting Wei-chung, and the retention of the other officers should depend upon their zeal and behaviour in the future. The excessive salaries should be reduced and a uniform scale drawn up. As regards the sons and nephews of Ch'en-pi, their superior officers should be directed to inquire into their fitness to retain office.\n\nWith regard to Ch'en-pi himself, he is undoubtedly a man of ability, and gained a high reputation during his terms of office as Censor and Governor of Shun-tien Fu. His principles, however, are not so high as his abilities and he has now lost the esteem which he formerly enjoyed. Whilst some of the rumours against him may be exaggerated, there has evidently been considerable extravagance in the employment of public funds in addition to irregularities in connection with the distribution of appointments, for which he must be held responsible. The question of his punishment is left to the Throne.\n\n## 2\n\nThe course of study will be divided into two sections, Mongol and Thibetan, and will comprise the study of either of those two languages, in a period of three years, as well as the study of history, geography, jurisprudence, and economics. Examinations will be held by the Board of Dependencies, and successful candidates will either be employed in that Board or be attached for service under the Military Governors, Lieutenant-Governors, Imperial Residents, Governors-General, Governors of Frontier posts.\n\nIt has now been decided to enrol 200 students, who may be Manchu, Mongol, or Chinese by birth, provided that they are over 18 and under 32 years of age, of sound physique, and well grounded in the middle-school standard of education.\n\nIn order to enter the school, candidates will have to satisfy examiners in the following subjects: The Chinese language (written), arithmetic, history, and geography.\n\nSelected candidates will be called upon to deposit $10 (say £1) as security. There will be no school fees, and students will lodge and feed themselves.\n\nThe entrance examination will take place at the school, in the P'i-ch'ai Hut'ung, West City, on the 16th, 17th, and 18th February.\n\n## 194\n\n## 0",
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    {
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        "document_key": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909",
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        "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "## C.0.\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government  \n15 128  \n**PEC**  \n**CHINA RAILWAYS.**  \n**CONFIDENTIAL.**  \n[10915]  \n**(No. 98.)** Sir,  \n\nNo. 1.  \nREG 5 MAY 09.  \n[March 29.]  \n**SECTION 4.**  \n196  \n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received March 22.)  \nPeking, March 3, 1909.  \nI HAVE the honour to inclose, for your information, copies of further correspondence relating to the affairs of the Shanghae-Ningpo Railway.\n\nMy note of the 9th February to Prince Ching was still unanswered when I received from Mr. Bland copy of a Confidential Report by Mr. Foord, the Chief Engineer, on the unsatisfactory position and prospects of the railway. It appeared to me desirable in the circumstances that measures should be taken into consideration without delay, either by the Hong Kong and Shanghae Banking Corporation or the British and Chinese Corporation, for the purpose of preventing irregular use of the loan funds, which, according to the latest information, were being issued by the Board of Communications to the provincial bureaux. I advised Mr. Bland to that effect, and I also arranged for a special interview with the Grand Secretary Na-t'ung, which took place yesterday. I placed before his Excellency a Memorandum, copy of which is inclosed,* containing a full statement of the present deplorable situation, based on Mr. Foord's Report, and urged him strongly, as a member of the Grand Council, to devise some remedial measures as soon as possible.\n\nMuch old ground was gone over in the course of our conversation, during which his Excellency showed that he thoroughly understood the difficulties and the necessity for a prompt remedy. He admitted, with unusual frankness, that the Board of Commerce were to blame for all the complications which had arisen, and said that he would consult with the President of the Board of Communications personally and see what could be done. Unfortunately, the recent dismissal of Ch'en-pi had left that Board without a proper head.\n\nI made some severe comments on the conduct of this matter by the Board of Communications, and expressed my conviction that nothing short of the direct intervention of the Central Government would suffice to bring the two provincial bureaux into proper subjection. He then mentioned that the affairs of the Board of Communications were being carefully inquired into by the Prince Regent himself at the moment, and I took advantage of this observation to request that his Highness' attention should be specially invited to this question of the Shanghae-Ningpo Railway. His Excellency gave me to understand that this would be done as soon as he had had a consultation with the acting President of the Board of Communications.\n\nI have, &c.  \n(Signed)  \nJ. N. JORDAN.  \n\nSir,  \n## Inclosure 1 in No. 1.  \nMr. Bland to Sir J. Jordan.  \nPeking, February 22, 1909.  \nI HAVE the honour to forward herewith inclosed, for your Excellency's information, copy of a Confidential Memorandum supplied by Mr. Foord to the Corporation's agents at Shanghae, giving his professional opinion as to the position and prospects of the Shanghae-Hangchow-Ningpo Railway.*\n\nWith this document I am also in receipt of a statement from the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank's Manager, showing that his Excellency Liang Shih-yi has drawn a total sum of 1,750,000 taels from the loan funds for this railway. In this connection Messrs. Jardine, Matheson, and Co. (Limited) report:  \n\"Of the above-mentioned amount the Managing Director has received 300,000 taels from the Yuchuan Pu, and under instructions of that Board he has been...\n\n* Not printed.  \n[2193 y-4]",
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        "id": 422453,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 482,
        "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "## 2\n\nSelf-Government Society are known to be in the neighbourhood of the Colony, endeavouring to organize anti-Portuguese Societies and demonstrations,\n\nMr. Kao Erh Ch'ien, the Chinese Representative on the Boundary Commission, is due in Canton to-morrow.\n\n## 3\n\ncommunities of all the other ports both in and out of China. This was evidence of the rapid progress made by the people. Rewards should be given as an encouragement. (It was decided to give rewards, as occasion offered, to those who distinguished themselves in starting native manufactures.)\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\n**HARRY H. FOX**,\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nExtract from the \"Kwo Shih Pao\" of March 9, 1909.\n\nReport of a Meeting of the Self-Government Society respecting the \"Tatsu Maru\" Case.\n\nOn the 8th March a mass meeting of the Self-Government Society was held to discuss the \"Tatsu Maru\" case, and was very largely attended. The Kung Tu and Ku Tu districts in Heungshan sent Chao Hsiang Ping, Yang Jang Ju, and Liao Pi Ch'en as representatives to attend the meeting. They said that the people of their districts had held a meeting, and, hearing of the meeting in Canton, had sent them as representatives. They produced a map of Macao and a copy of the Viceroy's Memorial. At the next meeting the people of their district, they said, would elect further representatives to come to Canton and discuss the procedure to be adopted. It was essential that all their countrymen should work cordially together and achieve their object.\n\nSpeeches were subsequently made by about a dozen persons, including Hu Hsin Teng, Chan Sung Yun, and Chien Ching Hsü, all condemning the injury to the nation caused by Yuan Shih Kai, and emphasizing the importance of retaining jurisdiction over their land and its waters. Not a foot of which should be surrendered. The applause shook the entire building.\n\nThe bell announcing the opening of the meeting rang at 2:30. The chairman was Li Kai Hi, and the speaker Lo Shao Ao. The following is an account of what passed:---\n\n1. A map of Macao was produced by the representatives of the districts of Kung Ta and Ku Tu, in Heungshan.\n\n2. It was mentioned that that day was the anniversary of the \"Tatsu Maru incident, when China fired a salute of twenty-one guns in acknowledgment of her fault, and purchased the arms as compensation. The country was robbed of its sovereign rights and suffered a national disgrace. Yuan Shih Kai, whose foreign policy had failed, had been the culprit. An Edict had now been issued appointing Kao Erh Chien as Commissioner for the delimitation of the boundaries of Macao. In the original lease by Portugal of Macao the land boundary was formed by a wall. The sea, which was the boundary on the other side, belonged to China. This was now being encroached upon. The spot where last year the arms smuggled by the \"Tatsu Maru\" were seized was situated at Ta Sha Li, at the western entrance of the Pearl River. These waters, the inland waters of China, were wrongfully claimed by the Japanese as being the \"high seas.\" The claim of Portugal that they were Portuguese waters was still more groundless. This was well known to be the case, and yet Yuan Shih Kai, it is sad to say, deliberately betrayed his country and brought disgrace on China. It was now more than ever incumbent on all patriots to consider all ways and means to protect China's sovereign rights, and a discussion was invited. (It was decided to send representatives to the spot to investigate carefully and thoroughly.)\n\n3. The object of a Constitution was that the officials and people should share the responsibility of all important measures. The delimitation Commissioner, Kao Erh Chien, was thoroughly conversant with foreign affairs, and up to the present had never been guilty of a mistake. He had already arrived in Canton, and, as the matter was of great importance, every one should interest themselves and take a share in the investigation. In this way dilatory official methods would be hastened. (Unanimously agreed to.)\n\n4. Rule 5 of the Self-Government Society, approved by the Throne, stated that the Society had the duty of fostering trade and native industries. During the past few years they had inaugurated new industries with the cordial assistance of the\n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nExtract from the \"Hong Kong Telegraph\" of March 15, 1909.\n\n**JAPANESE BOYCOTT REVIVED.**\n\nA telegram has been received by the Canton Press Society for transmission to the Canton Self-Government Society from the Chinese residents in Singapore, to the effect that the branch office there of Wong Cheung Wah, a well-known medicine oil dealer (whose \"Yu Yee\" oil is particularly well known) has acted in violation of the Japanese boycott regulations, so that they have now suspended business with the said firm. In the message the Self-Government Society was asked to punish the proprietors of the firm in question, who are in Canton.\n\nCanton, March 13, 1909.",
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        "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 473,
        "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "# \n## 9th February, summarising the acts protested against by Mr. Bland, and asking, in the interests of an honest and economical construction of the railways, for a full explanation from the Board of Communications.\n\nInformation, moreover, reached Sir J. Jordan about the same time which confirmed in every respect the previous reports as to the engineering defects in the portion of the line which had been constructed by the Kiangsu bureau, and the unsatisfactory nature of the position with regard to the undertaking generally. Sir J. Jordan laid stress in his protest to Prince Ch'ing on the fact that, although neither the managing director nor the chief engineer had been able to enter upon the performance of their duties owing to the obstruction of the provincial bureaus and that there had therefore been little or no occasion for the expenditure of the loan funds on railway purposes, nevertheless sums amounting to between 800,000l. and 900,000l. had been transferred from the loan funds in London to the credit of the railways account, and to the order of the Yu-Chuan Pu in Shanghae, and requisitions in large amounts had been made on the Shanghae account by the Yu-Chuan Pu. These requisitions had, moreover, in every case been made upon forms signed by Mr. Liang Shih-yi, presented through the Chiao-tung Bank. Three of them, numbered 15, 16, and 17 respectively, which had been presented by that bank to the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank at Shanghae on the 31st December, amounted in all to 330,000 taels, of which 150,000 taels were stated to be for \"formation\" and 130,000 taels for \"bridges.\" Article 14 of the Loan Agreement lays down, however, that \"requisitions on the loan funds will be drawn in amounts to suit the progress of construction of the railway by orders on the Hong Kong and Shanghae Banking Corporation signed by the Yu-ch'uan Pu and its duly authorised representative, and accompanied by his certificates or those of the said board stating the nature and cost of the work to be paid for. Such amounts as may be required for expenditure in China may be transferred under the instructions of the Yu'ch'uan Pu at their discretion, to Shanghae, the transfer being effected through the Hong Kong and Shanghae Banking Corporation, and the transferred funds shall remain on deposit with that bank until required for railway purposes.\" It is quite evident, therefore, that the loan funds were intended to remain in London, receiving interest at 4 per cent, until required in China and should then have been left at the Hong Kong and Shanghae Banking Corporation at Shanghae until actually required for payments for railway account and it is equally evident that in transferring the above sums from London to Shanghae before the managing director and chief engineer had been allowed to enter properly upon their duties, and therefore before it was possible to incur any large expenditure, both the letter and the spirit of the article had been distinctly violated. It was also a direct violation of the article to hand over the money to the Chiao-tung Bank when the Ta Ch'ing Bank existed for the transaction of Government banking business, on the requisitions described above. Such requisitions were, in the circumstances, utterly inadequate and did not comply in any way with the certificate of the Board of Communications required by article 14.\n\n## \n\nSir J. Jordan's note to Prince Ching was still unanswered when he received further reliable information as to the position and prospects of the railway of so unsatisfactory a character—it was for instance found that the loan funds were being issued by the Board of Communications to the provincial bureaux—that he arranged for a special interview with the Grand Secretary Natung, which took place on the 2nd March, when he placed before his Excellency a memorandum containing a full statement of the deplorable situation, and urged him strongly, as a member of the Grand Council, to devise some remedial measures as soon as possible. His Excellency said that the affairs of the Board of Communications, whose president, Chén-pi, had recently been dismissed, were being carefully enquired into by the Prince Regent himself, and Sir J. Jordan took advantage of this observation to request that His Highness's attention should be specially invited to the question of the Shanghae-Ningpo Railway. His Excellency promised that this would be done as soon as he had had a consultation with the acting president of the Board of Communications.\n\nThe Grand Secretary was unfortunately taken ill on the day after the interview, and this, and the death of his mother a few days later, prevented Sir J. Jordan from seeing him again. As information received from Shanghae indicated that matters were going from bad to worse on the railway, Sir J. Jordan addressed a note to Prince Ching on the 29th March, in which he directly requested His Highness to bring the contents of his memorandum of the 2nd March before the Grand Council, and indirectly suggested that the assistance of the Prince Regent himself should be invoked to put an end to the irregular proceedings of the provincial bureaux.\n\n## 3\n\nSince that date, Sir J. Jordan has lost no opportunity of pressing the irregularities on the Shanghae-Ningpo Railway on the attention of the Imperial Government, but neither his verbal nor written requests have produced any tangible result, beyond the despatch of the Chinese chief engineer of the Kalgan Railway to make a special report.\n\nA further breach of the Loan Agreement occurred in April, when the Kiangsu Bureau issued a circular calling for tenders for locomotives, in which it was stipulated that they must be supplied \"by well-known German manufacturers.\"\n\nSir J. Jordan drew Prince Ching's attention to the matter on the 13th May, and pointed out that under article 18 of the Agreement, all foreign materials should be purchased in the open market; that, at equal rates and qualities, goods of British manufacture should be given preference over other goods of foreign origin, and that, under the same article, the managing director, who was appointed by the Board of Communications, was to call for tenders, and that no orders for materials should be executed without his authorisation. Sir J. Jordan pointed out that Mr. Bland, who had referred the matter to Mr. Liang and had requested that the bureau might be instructed by telegraph to recall its circular and to cancel the arrangements therein proposed for receiving and opening the tenders on the 17th May, had received an evasive reply from that official, who ignored the request to instruct the bureau to conform to the Loan Agreement, and made a reference to the right of the managing director to avail himself of the services of agents other than the British and Chinese Corporation, which was quite irrelevant and evidently intended to confuse the issue. His Majesty's Minister argued that while responsible officers of the Board of Communications were found to treat the just representations made to them in so unsatisfactory a manner, it was not surprising that there were so many breaches of British railway agreements to complain of.\n\nIn an interview which took place at the end of June with Hsu Shih-Chang, the newly-appointed President of the Board of Communications, Sir J. Jordan invited the serious attention of his Excellency to the various infractions of the agreement of which His Majesty's Legation had had to complain during the past six months. Handing over the construction to the provincial bureaux, the refusal of the bureaux to recognise the responsible officials appointed by the Board of Communications according to the agreement, the inferior character of the work done on the line by the bureaux, the irregular treatment of the loan funds, and the calling for tenders for German locomotives in violation of article 18, were all restated, and Sir John invited his Excellency to take immediate steps to put matters in order. Stress was laid on the direct responsibility of the Board of Communications for this grave state of affairs, inasmuch as Mr. Liang, a councillor of the Board, was the author of the scheme under which the control of the railway was handed over to the bureaux, with whom an agreement had been concluded on the very day the loan contract with the British and Chinese Corporation was signed. What the bureaux thought of Mr. Liang's scheme was clear from a letter published in the \"North China Daily News,\" on the 11th June, in which the secretary of the Kiangsu bureau publicly announced that the Loan Agreement between the Imperial Government and the Corporation had no binding effect on either of the provincial railway bureaux.\n\nHsu Shih-Chang, who appeared to be fully aware of the situation, and recognised that it should be set right, promised to consult with the Grand Secretary Natung and endeavour to decide on a course of action.\n\nOn the 21st June, Sir J. Jordan saw Natung for the first time since his illness, and made strong representations to his Excellency, in much the same language as that used to Hsu Shih-Chang, and dwelt especially upon the open disregard of the authority of the central Government, as evidenced by the printed letter of the secretary of the Kiangsu bureau. Sir J. Jordan was unfortunately unable to see his Excellency again before his departure from Peking to take up his appointment as Acting Viceroy of Chibli.\n\nHis Majesty's Government are quite aware that much of the delay in this case has been due to the funeral ceremonies of the late Emperor, to the want of a proper head at the Board of Communications, and to the enforced retirement of his Excellency Natung on account of illness and mourning, and of his recent appointment as Acting Viceroy. At the same time, it is unfortunately only too true that the local bureaux have shown from the first an open and cynical disregard of the Loan Agreement, and, however willing the Imperial Government may have been in theory to remedy what they themselves admit is an undesirable state of things, it is also unfortunately true that their instructions have in practice produced very little result.\n\n## 471",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909",
        "page_number": 248,
        "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909",
        "content_text": "## Kiangpei\nA \"tsung kuan kao tien\" was opened in the city the year before last; its representatives in the market towns were the local headmen. The competition of the smuggled drug was too strong, and the present stock in the \"tien\" is 100,000 oz.\n\n## Question 10 - What taxes is it proposed to introduce to replace the revenue derived from opium and opium dens?\n\n### Replies\n\nLiangshan.--No new taxes have been suggested on land apart from that levied for railway construction, which is half as much as the original land tax. In addition to this, taxes have been levied on the paper industry, which has given rise to considerable friction. Salt has also been more heavily taxed at the source of supply.\n\nTung Hsiang.--No information.\n\nK'ui Hsien--I have not heard of any suggestions.\n\nWan Hsien.--No other taxation has been proposed as yet, but heavier tax on opium consumed has so far resulted in a large increase to the authorities.\n\nFengtu.--No arrangements made for substituting other taxes.\n\nFuchou.--Official idea is to increase li-kin, e.g., an addition of 4 cash per catty on salt. If taxation assessed as follows were imposed: i.e., 300 cash per \"tso\" of wine, 200 cash per \"cha\" of oil, with 3 to 4 cash per \"tso\" and \"cha\" for petty expenses and 500 cash per pig, and the whole were handed over to Government, it should be possible to make up the opium revenue.\n\nChungchou.--Possible substitutes for opium revenue are taxes on boats, houses, and land.\n\nShih Chu Ting--The country south of Shih Chu Ting produces very good tea, and the Viceroy has ordered increased cultivation; the mulberry does well and can also be extended. Officials look to taxation on these two products to make up loss of opium revenue.\n\nNan Chuan--Suggests taxation on wine, oil, pigs, paper, tea, iron, and coal as follows: 400 cash per \"tso\" of wine, 200 cash per \"cha\" of oil, with an allowance per \"tso\" and \"cha\" combined of 800 to 400 cash for petty expenses, 500 cash per pig, 48 cash per picul of paper, 750 cash per picul of tea, 10 cash per picul of iron, and 7 cash per picul of coal. An additional li-kin of 100 cash per head of cattle, 100 cash per pig, and 200 cash per head on water buffaloes might also be introduced, and the combined total derived from all the items mentioned should slightly exceed the opium revenue, provided the whole were handed over to Government.\n\nPa Hsien Suggestions.--Increased taxation on sugar, oil, and salt, and, if this should be insufficient, the addition of a house tax and a levy on prostitutes. For the people, it is suggested that they should improve their methods of agriculture, and experiment with sericulture, forestry, and tea planting.\n\nKiangpei.--Suggests increase of land tax, and, if that should not be sufficient, addition to the taxation on oil, pigs, and salt.\n\n## Remarks on the above\n\nIt is my intention to offer below some personal and general observations on the whole question of opium reform in this province; but it will be desirable, in the first instance, to invite attention to certain matters having special reference to the information of my correspondents above given. They are:\n\n1. **Sources of Information**.--The details in regard Liangshan, Tung Hsiang, K'ai Hsien, and Wan Hsien were kindly furnished me by members of the China Inland Mission; while the information as to Fengtu, Fuchou, Chungchou, Shih Chu Ting, Nan Chuan, Pa Hsien, and Kiangpei comes from Chinese through the agency, in the case of the first five places named, of a member of the London Mission.\n\n2. **Area under Opium Cultivation**.--Opium is grown in all parts of Szechuan, but the most renowned districts are--\n   | District | Description |\n   | --- | --- |\n   | (a) | The Hsi Ting (Suiting) Prefecture, which includes Tung Hsiang, Taiping, K'ai Hsien, and Wan Hsien. |\n   | (b) | The Chungchou Sub-Prefecture, including Fengtu, Tien Chiang, and Liangshan. |\n   | (c) | The Fuchou Sub-Prefecture. |\n   | (d) | Yung Ch'uan Hsien. |\n   | (e) | The Chien Chou Sub-Prefecture, which is not under the Ch'uan Tung taotai. |\n   |  | The Hsu Ting Prefecture. |\n\nIn amplification of the information already given in regard to various places in this prefecture, I should mention that the informant to whom I am indebted for the particulars obtained as to Liangshan states in the body of his letter as follows:-\n\"In your postscript, you also ask for information from Tung Hsiang and Taiping. I regret to say that my knowledge of these two districts is very superficial, having merely gathered in the course of conversation with the worker stationed in Tung Hsiang that little or nothing was being done to stop the sale or growth in these two hsiens.\" This seems to be generally true of all the large opium-growing districts in this part of the province. K'ai Hsien and Tien Chiang, with whom we join borders, rank with the above two 'hsiens' in being the main sources of the opium supply. To say that little or nothing is being done to restrict the growth or sale of the drug is to repeat the common report of those who trade or journey in these parts, and not to give first-hand information arrived at by personal observation and enquiry.\n\nAnother correspondent from Hsi Ting, quoting from information supplied, mentions a very slight reduction in Ta Hsien, Tung Hsiang, Ch'ü Hsien, and Taiping, and a distinct reduction in Hsin Ning Hsien, Ta Chu Hsien, and Cheng K'ou Ting, all of which places are in the prefecture. The information as regards Tung Hsiang, however, does not agree with the statement of the missionary gentlemen working in that district.\n\nYung Chuan--Reports from various sources are to the effect that the poppy was very extensively grown in this district, and that there was a considerable increase over the previous year.\n\nConsidering only the places the particulars as to which form a preface to this report, it will be noted that in three of them alone is there any mention of a decrease, namely, Fengtu, Chungchou, and Shih Chu Ting, the last having the same area under cultivation as in the season of 1907.\n\n3. **Comparison of Estimated Profits on Opium and other Crops**.--The estimates of different informants vary, but a rough average makes the profits on opium three to four times as great as on pulse and cereals.\n\n## Observations\n\nI pass now to a general consideration of the opium question in Szechuan, and the remarks thereon will conveniently fall under the following heads:\n\n* Measures for prevention of opium smoking.\n* Area under opium cultivation.\n* Taxation in substitution of opium revenue.\n* The position of the Szechuan farmers.\n* The effect of opium eradication on the economic conditions of Szechuan.\n* Difficulties and prospects.\n\n1. **Measures for Prevention of Opium Smoking**.--The particulars with which this report opens do not encourage the hope that much has been done in Ch'uan Tung to exert a real check upon indulgence in the drug. Indeed, if Chungking may be taken as an example, I know of no better criticism on the steps taken than the Chinese aphorism, \"Yu ming wu shih,\" i.e., the measures adopted have had effect in name, but not in fact.\n\nChungking has had its \"tu hang,\" or raw opium depôt, under official control, a head official prepared opium store (\"tsung kuan kao tien\"), four branch stores (\"fen kuan kao tien\"), licensed opium dens, and \"pi fa tian.\" There remain at present the raw opium depôt and the head prepared opium store, and this is the net result: the smoker has been, and is, able to get all the opium he wants without application to any official institution, the city is honeycombed with secret dens, and the head prepared opium store has a large stock in hand of which it has been unable to dispose for some months. The doings of the deputy in charge of this store have been similar to those of his confrères at Chengtu. The drug was offered for sale at ...",
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        "page_number": 348,
        "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909",
        "content_text": "## \n\nOwing to the evils of borrowing in such harrowing terms as to reduce some members to tears. He next explained the advantages of non-official management, and entered into such perfect details of the scheme as to remove all doubts and fears. Besides inviting share subscriptions from all the provinces, his plan included the issue of public shares against the salt, li-kin, and other taxes forming the loan security and the levy of shares (? forced subscription by each district or class) as beneficial to officials and people alike. His lengthy speech it was not possible to record accurately, and a full report will appear later.\n\nMr. Hsia spoke briefly and forcibly, laying chief stress on the need for prompt telegraphic protests.\n\nThen Mr. Liu Keng-tsao, member from Huang-pi, in impassioned words, urged co-operation as generally most acceptable. They must, he declared, amid great applause, show their feeling by action, that is by providing funds, and called on all willing to subscribe per cent. of their salaries and allowances to stand up. Everyone rose. He went on to urge the combination of the commercial, educational, and constitutional associations with every other body into a Hupei railways general society, and invited the delegates to draft its constitution. The delegates asked the aid of the members, and the president proposed ten names as the council's delegates for founding the society. Messrs. Chang and Lu (Chiang-hsia and P'u-ch'i) agreed to bring the commercial, educational, and constitutional associations into line, and recommended Messrs. Wan and Chin to put the delegates into direct relations with them and the Hankow General Association of Commerce. The borrowing of the Educational Association's premises for the society would give it immediate existence, and prove the council worthy in zeal for public good to represent the people.\n\nThe president thereon drafted a telegram to the Board of Communications, and on the morning of the 4th called on the Viceroy to enlist his Excellency's support.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n## **CHINA RAILWAYS.**\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n141443\n\n[December 8.] R224 DEC 09\n\n347\n\nSECTION 1,\n\n[44708]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n**Sir Edward Grey to Sir C. MacDonald.**\n\n**(No. 203.)** Sir,\n\nForeign Office, December 8, 1909. THE Japanese Ambassador informed me on the 2nd instant that his Government were cordially grateful to me for the answer I had given to the United States respecting the Tsitsihar Railway. Further consideration had convinced them that the making of this line would seriously affect the South Manchurian Railway in some respects, and, though they would not oppose commercial enterprise, they thought they must have compensation in the shape of participation in the new line.\n\nThe Ambassador also told me that Mr. Yamaza, of the Japanese Embassy, had met Mr. Browne, of Pauling's, last night. Mr. Browne had said that he was very glad to have the opportunity of speaking about the proposed railway, and had asked exactly what amount of participation Japan would like. Mr. Yamaza enquired what was the amount of the loan and the conditions on which it was secured. Though it was thought that Mr. Browne must have this information, he had withheld it.\n\nI said that I was not sure that we ourselves had this information. As we had been no party to the negotiations and had not intervened in any way, I did not expect that the details had been communicated to us.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n**E. GREY.**\n\n[2538 -1]",
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        "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
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        "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "E\n\n6\n\nThe replies received to the question \"How far is the prohibition being carried out in the districts under your notice?\" are given below. To facilitate comparison the conditions prevailing in the 1908-9 season as stated by Mr. Sly in his report of the 27th September, 1909, are given in brackets.\n\nHsuting. The prohibition of the cultivation of opium has been practically insisted on throughout my district. Only unseen places away from public notice have been sown with opium, and I believe in exceedingly small quantities. These remarks include Tunghsiang, where I have recently been, and Taiping, recently visited by my colleague.\n\nTunghsiang- The area under poppy cultivation last season, i.e., 1908-9, was about the same as the previous years.\n\nKaihsien.--The order has been carried out. In some out-of-the-way places the prohibition was disobeyed, but the official insisted on the seed being dug up and the land confiscated, and there is no poppy now in the whole district of Kaihsien with its forty-eight markets.\n\n(The area under cultivation last season-1908-9-did show an increase as compared with former years. I am working in this district for eight years, and never have I seen as much poppy as this year, 1909.)\n\nWanlisien.-There is no poppy to be seen in the district.\n\n(Last season's cultivation, i.e., 1908-9, fully 50 per cent. more than last three years.)\n\nChungchou.--Prohibition carefully carried out, and there is no poppy now. (Last season's cultivation, i.e., 1908-9, 50 per cent. less than previous one.) Fenglu-One-tenth of last year's crop being grown.\n\n(Last season's cultivation, i.e., 1908-9, less by half than that of previous season.) Tienchiang.--No opium grown now, Some was planted, but the officials insisted on its being dug up.\n\nLiangshan-Prohibition is being carefully enforced, and there is no opium being grown.\n\n(The area under cultivation has not been reduced, though I do not think the increase was considerable, as all available land was devoted to this crop from the first.)\n\nTachu---Prohibition is being carefully enforced, and there is no opium being grown.\n\nFuchou-Public against prohibition but proclamations regarding it were issued. A few of the more daring planted, but others waited to see what was going to happen. A few culprits were arrested and treated so leniently by the officials that the public thought the prohibition was not going to be enforced, and proceeded to plant 50 per cent. more than last year. Since the Taot'ais visit all opium round the town, along the river, and on the highroads has been cut down, and between 60 and 70 per cent. in the remainder of the district. This information is from a native pastor whose last statement I am not disposed to credit.\n\n(Last season's cultivation--1908--9---six times as great as the previous one.) Yungchuan.-An attempt to grow opium was made at the outset, but finally the farmers destroyed their seedlings out of fear of the officials.\n\nThe above-mentioned places have been the chief opium-producing centres in Eastern Szechuan during past years. Opium was, however, grown practically everywhere in Szechuan on a greater or smaller scale, and replies from other places are as follows:-\n\nNanch'uan.--Attempts to sow were made at the commencement of the season, but the plants were all rooted up, and there is little or no opium-growing now.\n\n(1909 crop six times as great as in 1908.)\n\nChangshou-Prohibition is being effectively carried out. Where the proclamation was disobeyed, all the plants were dug up, and the cultivators fined. Some is grown in the mountainous parts of the district, where it is difficult for the officials to reach the farmers, but very little in comparison with previous years.\n\nPahsien (Chungking).--There is practically no opium being grown, and the prohibition is being vigorously enforced. In a few cases attempts to cultivate have been made, but the plants have been rooted up.\n\n(1909 crop twice as large as in 1908, and 10 to 20 per cent. above the average. Chichiang,--Same remarks apply as for Pahsien.\n\nChiangchin.-No opium being cultivated.\n\nShihchut'ing.-80 per cent. of what was sown has been cut down, and it is intended to root up the rest.\n\n(Cultivation in 1909 was about 20 per cent. less than in 1908.)\n\n7\n\nOfficial Measures for Prevention of Opium Smoking.\n\nThe official measures proposed were closing of dens, sale of the drug to licensees only, gradual reduction in amount allowed to be purchased by each individual, &c.\n\nThe answers to enquiries regarding the enforcement of the rules in this respect seem to show that they are honoured rather in the breach than in the observance.\n\nIn all places public dens have been abolished officially, but many of these carry on business secretly.\n\nThe rules in regard to the registration of smokers, issue of licences, sale to licence-holders alone, and gradual reduction in amount smoked, are so elaborate that they are unpractical; hence they seem to be very generally disregarded by the authorities.\n\nLittle or nothing, on the whole, is being done in the direction of opening refuges, the charitable distribution of anti-opium pills, &c., for the purpose of assisting the poorer classes to give up the habit.\n\nReplies to questions under this heading are as follows:-\n\nHsuting.--Opium dens strictly closed since autumn, but many secret dens have sprung up.\n\nKaihsien.-Dens closed in the spring, but have since reopened. No registration of smokers.\n\nWanhsien.-Private dens in abundance. Licence system started, but it is not carried out.\n\nFengtu -Numerous secret dens. Licence system not in force. Tienchiang.-Smoking rules not enforced, but people are reducing the amount smoked themselves, as they cannot afford it.\n\nLiangshan.-Private dens flourish rather than exist, though the trade is less openly carried on in the cities than along the through road to Cheng-tu and Chungking, where travellers are catered for. The issue of licences was carried out by only some of the country wards.\n\nFuchou-No registration of smokers. People smoke openly in Pi Fa tien--shops nominally established under official supervision for sale of opium to holders of licences, where no consumption on the premises is allowed.\n\nNanch'uan.-Many secret dens. Smoking rules not enforced.\n\nChangshou-Many secret dens in country places. Smoking rules not enforced. Shihchuting.-Smoking rules not enforced. Public opium dens closed, and only two or three secret ones.\n\nCh'ichiang.-Lax as regards smoking permits.\n\nChiangchin-Plenty of secret dens. No licences to smoke issued. Everyone can buy as much opium as he likes, but price is becoming prohibitive.\n\nDecrease in Smoking.\n\nNotwithstanding the laxity in the enforcement of the rules referred to under the last heading, the general testimony is that there is a perceptible decrease in the amount of smoking due probably more to the price, which is becoming prohibitive, than to any desire to give the habit up.\n\nRaw opium sells locally for 528 taels a picul as compared with 300 taels at this time last year.\n\nThe official price of an ounce of the prepared article is 820 cash as compared with between 200 and 300 cash a few years ago.\n\nReplies to the question as to whether there is a decrease in the amount of smoking are:-\n\nHsuting. Yes, a very marked change has come over the land, which bids fair to stamp out opium smoking entirely in course of time.\n\nKaihsien.-Very little at present,\n\nWanhsien.-There is undoubtedly a decrease in smoking, but as yet it is not very apparent.\n\nChungchou-20 per cent. less smoking. Opium is too expensive. Fengtu. Has decreased.\n\nTienchiang-Has decreased.\n\nLiangshan-I should most emphatically say that there is a marked decrease in the consumption of opium.\n\nFuchou.-Smokers have reduced by 50 per cent. owing to excessive price, but these have not broken off the habit. They eat pills containing opium. About 10 per cent. have really broken off the habit.\n\n[2719 66-1]\n\nD\n\n53",
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        "id": 428718,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 59,
        "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "4\n\nThe price of opium has advanced to 500-700 cash per ounce, from about 300 cash. Besides the revenue from licences, which is used to defray running expenses of the kuan-kao chi, pork is taxed 1 or 2 cash extra per catty. In Jung-ch'ang an Lung-ch'ang coal is taxed 1 cash per catty. In several places tea shops are taxed 10 cash per table per day. Some places (in fact I should say a-half) do not have any tax added to rice or other eatables, though others are reported to be taxed. I understand that in Nei-chiang, the great sugar district, sugar is further taxed.\n\n\"I do not think that the former tax of 1,000 cash per den per month is fully made up even by these amounts, and it seems that the police system, which depended largely on this revenue, is in a rather weakened condition. I do not know of any tax being put upon the wealthy people or on business houses in general, where the burden should come.\n\nThe poor are greatly burdened, and disproportionately, of course, to the wealthy. I might add that the additional taxes, together with the census taking, have aroused some feeling in the north-east of Lung-ch'ang county, and also west of Tzechow. There are threats to abolish the li-kin office and the church.\"\n\nBefore noting the steps that have been taken to carry into effect the prohibition of poppy culture, a table may be given of the amounts, in \"liang\" (Chinese ounces), of prepared opium issued by the kuan-kao tsung-chü at Chengtu since the last report:\n\nHsuan-t'ung, 1st year-\n\n  \n    5th moon\n    12,851\n  \n  \n    6th moon\n    15,922\n  \n  \n    7th moon\n    17,381\n  \n  \n    8th moon\n    18,780\n  \n  \n    9th moon\n    26,115\n  \n  \n    10th moon\n    37,907\n  \n  \n    11th moon\n    15,294\n  \n  \n    12th moon\n    14,415\n  \n\nThe remarkable expansion in the 9th and 10th moons was due first to the triennial examinations for licentiates, next to the session of the deliberative assembly (provincial Parliament), and lastly to the shareholders meeting of the Chuan-Han Railway; three events which temporarily added largely to the population of the city.\n\nThe Enactments in Practice.\n\nMr. Langford Smith, who had been acting here pending my arrival, was good enough to draw up a series of questions which his experience suggested might be put to the missionaries who assisted my predecessors in preparing the fourteen reports that have, from first to last, issued from this consulate-general. I enclose a copy of the consequent circular, and will proceed to give a précis of the replies I have received.\n\nI preface it with a few notes extracted from the local Chinese newspapers by Mr. Toller.\n\nOn the 25th September the Governor-General directed the financial commissioner to select \"wei-yuan (special officers) to see whether opium is being sown.\n\nOn the 18th December other \"wei-yuan\" were sent by his Excellency in all directions.\n\nOn the 27th October poppy having been sown at Shih-pan Tan (some 16 miles north of Chengtu), the Huayang magistrate (one of the two Chengtu magistrates) personally saw it rooted up, and confiscated the land. He also issued a proclamation ordering any other poppy-fields to be cleared within five days, under penalty of confiscation.\n\nOn the 22nd November the same magistrate destroyed a poppy crop at Ta-mien P'u, bringing the culprits into Chengtu for punishment.\n\nOn the 26th November the poppy was found to have been sown at Lung-tang Ssu (some 6 miles north of this), but the headman persuaded the farmers to replace it with another crop.\n\nNovember 28-Opium shops forcibly closed in Chien-wei Hsien (Chiating prefecture). Cultivation prevented at Peng-ch'i Hsien (Tung-ch'uan prefecture).\n\nDecember 22.-Poppy said to be still grown in Ying-shan Hsien, and the drug to be still smoked at the licensed retailers (\"pi-fa tien\"). An opium inspector sent by the Governor-General has seized and destroyed a large quantity of raw opium and opium-pipes at Lung-ch'ang Hsien.\n\nDecember 27-A number of opium dens were discovered at Ping-shan Hsien, Tzu Chou, Tzu-yang Hsien, and Chien Chou; orders have been sent to suppress them.\n\n5\n\nAt Chien Chou the magistrate claims to have abolished altogether the cultivation, sale and consumption of opium. The Chengtu prefect has personally seized some opium-dens.\n\nDecember 28.-The local official at Shuang-liu Hsien has called a meeting of the local gentry, and collected funds for the establishment of an opium refuge in the town. All addicted to the drug are to be compelled to enter the refuge and undergo treatment.\n\nJanuary 3.-Dens are being clandestinely opened in Hochiang; peremptory orders have been sent to close them.\n\nFebruary 23.-The local official at Chien Chou has subscribed 300,000 cash (nearly 300 dollars, or 25l.) of his private money, and purchased with it a quantity of anti-opium medicines for free distribution. Great numbers of people have already broken off the habit.\n\nReports from Missionaries.\n\nUnless a date is mentioned, these reports are to be taken as describing the condition of things in the month of January 1910. Reports from missionaries in the Ch'uan-tung circuit-Eastern Szechuan-will be dealt with by His Majesty's acting consul at Chungking.\n\n1. Interdiction of the Poppy.\n\nNing-yuan, November 6.-Opium is growing freely through the great district of Yen-yuan Hsien, but not planted openly along the main roads of official travel. (This is confirmed by a later report, the 4th January.)\n\nKuang-yuan and Chaohua-Practically none; in both, the officials made personal inspection, and the little that was found was pulled up and the owners were punished.\n\nFushun.-Proclamation posted; no opium grown since 1907, thanks to the energy of the magistrate.\n\nPaoning-In one or two out-of-the-way places planting has been ventured, but the areas were small.\n\nChiating-Opium growing stopped entirely; in one case a farmer tried, but was fined 30,000 cash.\n\nTu Chou-In the districts under notice (Lu Chou, Chiang-an Hsien, Na-ch'i Hsien, Ho-chiang Hsien, Yun-ning Chou, Ku-ling) the order forbidding the sowing of opium has, as far as I can ascertain, been entirely carried out.\n\nTeh-yang, Mien-chu, Shih-fang, Han Chou, Chin-tang.-None planted this year in any of these.\n\nSui Fu.-Strictly carried out.\n\nPa Chou. In some remote places, e.g., Tsen-tzu Pa, in Nankiang Hsien, the poppy is still being secretly grown.\n\nJung Hsien. No opium planted this year.\n\nChung-Chiang Hsien. The order, in so far as I can learn, is being strictly enforced; some few who ventured to disobey were punished and the crop destroyed.\n\nSintu-In Shih-fang Hsien, Chin-tang Hsien, Sintu Hsien, and Hau Chou, I am positively assured that no opium is grown; in fact, the farmers dare not grow it. All informers are rewarded by half the property under opium cultivation, whilst the Government takes the other half. I am assured that this is not only the law, but that the law has been carried out; so that in spite of the great temptation the farmers dare not cultivate.\n\nSOWU.\n\nSan-t'ai Hsien, She-hung Hsien, Yenting Hsien.--Probably none sown.\n\nMien Chou-No opium planted this year.\n\nNgan Hsien.-I see no signs of poppy cultivation anywhere (4th March).\n\n2. Attitude of Farmers.\n\nKuang-yuan and Chaohua-Farmers are making the best of it, and sowing other crop; there are no public manifestations of discontent. Fushun.-No complaints are heard this year. Paoning-Seem quite satisfied.\n\nChiating. Make the best of it without complaint.\n\n[2719 66-3]\n\n-3]\n\nC\n\n57",
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    {
        "id": 428721,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 62,
        "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "aud so on.\n\n10\n\nAutumn sees inspectors go, To eradicate with care, Treading down and scraping off Where the cultivators dare; Landlord, tenant, both will share Penalties the tithings bear.\n\nEnclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\n(Translation.) REGULATIONS drawn up by the Provincial Opium Warehouse (\"yen-t'u mai-mai tsung-hang\") and the Opium Li-kin Office for the abolition of the opium octroi stations and the prevention of the drug crossing the frontier in either direction. (From the \"Chengtu Jih-pao\" of the 19th November, 1909.)\n\nAFTER the first day of the 3rd moon of Hsuan-t'ung II (the 10th April, 1910), the import of opium will be prohibited. A despatch has been sent to the Governors-General and governors of Shensi, Kansu, Yunnan, and Kueichou requesting them to issue instructions to this effect.\n\n2. After the first day of the 6th moon of Hsuan-t'ung II (the 7th July, 1910), no Szechuan opium will be allowed to leave the province.\n\n3. Apart from the Government opium stores (\"kuan kao tien\")—the purchase of prepared opium by which is dealt with in Regulation 4—all other merchants must export their stocks of raw opium, whether local products or imported, before the first day of the 6th moon of Hsuan-t'ung II (the 7th July), reserving no raw opium in stock. Any raw opium found in stock after that date will be dealt with as illicit opium.\n\n4. In buying the raw article the Government opium stores shall purchase sufficient for the needs of the district under their charge. When a sufficient quantity has been purchased a notice shall be exhibited that buying will cease.\n\n5. In places where no Government opium stores have been established, a request shall be made to a branch warehouse (\"yen-t'u fen-hang\"), which will then issue a warrant authorising sale at some specified Government opium store in the neighbourhood. The raw drug must then be transported thither within the set time, and handed over to the branch warehouse of that place for sale to the Government opium store.\n\n6. The head and branch offices of the opium li-kin administration, all opium li-kin stations, and the head and branch Government opium warehouses shall all be abolished on the 1st day of the 6th moon of Hsuan-t'ung II (7th July). After this date, a further period of one month is allowed for the settling up of accounts, and after the expiration of that time, all payments will cease.\n\n7. All brokers employed in warehouses and receiving offices shall be dismissed at the expiration of this period.\n\n8. After the abolition of the li-kin offices and the Government store, preventive offices (\"ch'a chi ssu t'u chi\") will be set up at all important points on the provincial frontier. If merchants are found smuggling opium, and investigation proves it to have been brought from other provinces, in the first ten days (after the 7th July) 10 per cent. of the quantity will be confiscated, and so on proportionately, 10 per cent. for every ten days' delay. The remainder of the drug will be sent back under escort, and not allowed to come into Szechuan for sale. After the expiration of three months from the date of prohibition, the whole will be confiscated.\n\n9. The duty of the preventive offices is confined to the prevention of the drug crossing the frontier in either direction. If opium is illicitly stored, sold, or transported within the province, it is the duty of the local officials to deal with the case, the penalties being fixed and punishments determined by the intendant of police.\n\n10. The opium so confiscated shall be sold at current rates to the Government store of the place. Half the amount so received shall be included in the accounts; the other half will form a prize fund. The expenses of the men employed as escorts under regulation 8 shall come out of this prize fund.\n\nTranslated November 20, 1909.\n\nW. STARK TOLLER.\n\n11\n\nEnclosure 5 in No. 1.\n\nRegulations by Police Intendant for the Suppression of Opium Smoking: approved by the Governor-General of Szechuan, December 1909.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nChapter I—Introductory.\n\nALL branch warehouses for the purchase and sale of raw opium (\"mai-mai yen-t'u fen-hang\") will be abolished on the 7th July, 1910. Though cultivation of the poppy is to cease, smoking will continue. Hence the necessity for recasting previous regulations, to the end that opium-smoking may be effectually suppressed.\n\n2. The present regulations will take effect from the 10th February, 1910. Previous regulations for (a) dealing uniformly with officially prepared opium (\"t'ung-hsing ch'ou-pan kuan-kao\"); and (b) the issue of licences (\"fa-chi p'ai-chao\"), except in so far as these are embodied in the present regulations, are hereby rescinded since they are no longer applicable to existing circumstances.\n\nChapter II.—Prepared Opium.\n\n3. The method heretofore of dealing with officially prepared opium (\"kuan-kao\") has been to set up in each city or town one head office (\"tsung tien\"). In the country districts regard was had to population and distance; the larger market towns were allowed two licensed retail shops (\"pi-fa kuan-kao tien\"), medium market towns one such shop; villages none. This system will be continued; but while shops may be closed, no new shops are to be opened. The local authorities will keep a register showing the number of shops, the owners' names, addresses, and capital; a copy of the register will be sent to the intendant.\n\n4. Privately owned supplies of opium must be exported from Szechuan before the 7th July. Each head office must calculate, on the basis of the smokers' list (\"yen-chieh\"), (see chapter 3), the yearly amount to be sold, and, allowing for the annual reduction, must estimate how much of this opium in private hands they ought to buy. Capital for the purpose may either be borrowed from public funds, or raised by shares, or procured as in section 13. The local authorities will convene gentry and traders, and arrange with them, reporting to the intendant.\n\n5. Licensed retail shops shall, as before, get their supplies from the head office, at a discount of 5 per cent. They must sell at the official price.\n\n6. Licensed retail shops can never receive more from the head office than the amount they get in the first moon of the second year of the Hsuan-t'ung (10th February to 10th March, 1910). They must continue to report to the intendant the quantity they have sold each month.\n\n7. Hitherto on each mace of prepared opium sold, an additional charge of 8 cash has been made, one-half of which has gone towards the expenses of establishing opium refuges (\"chiel-yen kung-so\"). From the 10th February, 1910, the head office, whatever be the rate at which it sells to the shops, will, after deducting the charges for wages, boiling, interest, and rent, add on 12 cash per mace. Returns must be sent in before the 5th of the following moon; if not, then for every ten days after such returns are due, one bad mark will be scored against the local official, and for every month three bad marks. The intendant will inform the financial commissioner, and the local official will not be allowed to redeem his marks. One half of the fund so raised will go to the local opium refuge; the other half, towards local police expenses.\n\n8. Shops can only sell officially prepared opium, and may not allow smoking on the premises. If detected in permitting smoking, in selling contraband prepared opium, or in selling without a licence (\"p'ai-chao\"), they will be fined fifty-fold.\n\n(Added by the Governor-General). Establishments other than licensed retail shops selling opium for smoking will be severely punished. If what they sell is officially prepared opium, they will not only be fined fifty-fold, but will be forcibly closed.\n\nChapter III Smokers' List.\n\n9. Persons of all conditions within the police districts of a town and its suburbs will be under the supervision of the police; persons in the country under that of the tithing (\"pao-chia\"). All smokers who have not relinquished the habit, whether...\n\n[2719 bb-3]\n\nE\n\n60",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-377 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [5]",
        "page_number": 304,
        "title": "CO129-377 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [5]",
        "content_text": "# \n\nHe was playing his own game, as he was quite entitled to. Moreover, they do this in language which the other party could only interpret in one way, which was the interpretation of his rights under the Ordinance as he understood them.\n\nAnd then Yiu Chow sued Chu Chuen's executors to enforce the rights which he supposed he had under this agreement, to which he was not a party. He had not the shadow of a right under the Ordinance, because he stood out and declined to assent as the Ordinance required him to do, if he wanted a share in the reclamation land. How he can have any rights under an agreement which professed to secure for him rights he had under the Ordinance, when those rights were non-existent, I fail to understand. And not even the use of the word \"trustee\" and the application of it to Chu Chuen could give him any. If it were really, and if it could be legally, a trust agreement, then it must be construed by the light of what I have already indicated as the proper interpretation of the Ordinance.\n\nA good deal was said about the intention of the Government towards Yiu Chow, and that they never kept him at arm's length. But supposing it admissible in evidence, it does not amount to much, except that Yiu Chow repelled all the advances the Government made to him - he certainly kept the Government at arm's length. And that is what the Government, if their action had been guided by what was laid down by the Ordinance, ought to have done to him.\n\nBut the action of the Government is altogether inexplicable. The evidence and the facts being what they are, there appeared in the **\"Government Gazette\"** of 19th December, 1891, a notice which contained a list of lessees who had accepted: and among them figures the name of Yiu Chow, in respect of sections B and D. It was attempted to put this in evidence. Of course, it was objected to. But the Evidence Ordinance of the Colony contains a curious provision which I cannot pass over without criticising adversely.\n\nBy s. 26(3) of `Ordinance 2 of 1889`, it is provided that in civil proceedings \"all proclamations, etc., and other official communications of the Government appearing in the **Government Gazette**\" may be proved by the production of such Gazette, and shall be **prima facie** proof of any fact of a public nature which they were intended to notify. It was contended that this notice was not an official communication **ejusdem generis** with proclamations, etc. I think it is, and I admitted the evidence with reluctance, intimating that I should deal more fully with the Ordinance itself in my judgment.\n\nThe provision ought to be at once repealed. It is impossible in this way to make any document which is of a public nature, and which is put into the **\"Gazette\"**, **prima facie** evidence of the truth of the contents; that is, shift the burden of proof on to the other side, compelling him to prove the untruth. The **\"Gazette\"** is generally in charge of the Assistant Colonial Secretary, or sometimes of the Chief Clerk, and it simply makes anything which a junior officer chooses to put into the notice **prima facie** evidence. The danger of the provision is well illustrated by what occurred in this case: the notice must have been a mistake; it cannot have been intentional, because it is diametrically opposed to the facts: and yet it was attempted to put it in evidence. I do not think Mr. Pollock half liked his task, and he did not press the point unduly. But this case was almost inevitably fought on the lines which the Government had traced from the beginning, and on which the other case had been fought and this document had always been a **pièce de résistance**, so that it could not perhaps consistently have now been omitted. But then it was produced by an individual. I protest most emphatically against the Government attempting to make evidence and to treat as weighty evidence, a document which is palpably inaccurate.\n\nIt is true that the admitted facts rebutted the **prima facie** case at once, but that is beside the question. The province of the **\"Gazette\"** is, or should be, well known. It contains notices issued by the Governor, or by command, connected with public affairs; and in such cases, that is to say, when such notices fall within the recognised duties of the Governor, they are rightly made **prima facie** evidence of the statements contained in them. And this is a general principle with regard to all notices in the **\"Gazette.\"** But for all other matters, the **\"Gazette\"** ought not to be used, unless specially authorised in every case by the Legislature - as was in fact done in the case of the first notice under the Praya Ordinance. The proper form for such a provision is as it is contained in the Mauritius Common Form Ordinance as follows:\n\n| Original Text | Corrected Text |\n| --- | --- |\n\"Where in any Ordinance any notice, order, or other document is required to be published in the 'Gazette,' a copy of the Gazette' shall be evidence of the facts stated in such notice, order, or document.” | \"Where in any Ordinance any notice, order, or other document is required to be published in the 'Gazette,' a copy of the 'Gazette' shall be evidence of the facts stated in such notice, order, or document.” |\n\nTo revert to the story of this case, Yiu Chow sued Chu Chuen's executors, and this Court, by a process of reasoning which, with much respect to my learned predecessor, I am unable to follow, held him entitled to recover. The Full Court maintained the decision, and the Privy Council reversed it. And then the Government sued Chu Chuen's executors, which is this action.\n\nPage 295",
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        "id": 434134,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 135,
        "title": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "## Military\n\nHsun Fang Tui (Old Troops).—No changes have taken place since my last report. The Tengyueh garrison, however, has been practically depleted. Numbers of men have been scattered about the district, as the taotai is in constant anticipation of trouble, especially in the Shan States. Two hundred men have also gone north in consequence of the Chungtien affair, which has disorganised all the troops of the district.\n\nTali-fu (New Troops).—Captain B. E. A. Pritchard, of the Indian army, has visited Tengyueh, Tali-fu, and Yunnan-fu with a view to reporting on the new troops of Yunnan. I understand that he estimates their efficiency quite as highly as I have done. I note with surprise, in one of Dr. Morrison's letters to the \"Times\" on his recent journey through China and Turkestan, that so keen an observer should throw ridicule on these new troops of Yünnan. From a comparative standpoint their arms and equipment are incomparably superior to the old provincial troops, and I understand that they are better armed than the Burmah military police. At the same time, I do not think that their presence presents any immediate menace to us on the frontier. No steps have been taken to garrison any of the new troops at Tengyueh, and, if my information is correct, there will be insufficient funds for the raising of a second division, or even the completion of the first division in the near future. Heavy expenditure has been incurred in erecting good barracks at Tali-fu, and it appears probable that their head-quarters will remain there for the present. I much regret that I am unable to give more detailed information at present in regard to the work which is being done at Tali-fu. I have no satisfactory source of intelligence there just now, and it would require a man on the spot to obtain reliable information. I shall look forward, however, with much interest to the report of Captain Pritchard, who was untiring in his work of enquiry during the short time at his disposal.\n\n## Frontier Forts\n\nIn my last frontier report (3rd March), I mentioned that five new forts were in course of erection along the Chinese section of the frontier between the British posts of Bhamo and Myitkyina. Rumours now reach me that the construction of these forts has been very unsatisfactory, and that the officer responsible for them has been summoned to Tengyueh, but dare not come. Old-fashioned opinion, which is led by the retired commander-in-chief and others who have done sterling work on the frontiers and is generally sound, ridicules the positions which have been chosen for their erection. The older and more experienced men advised that the military posts should be near populous frontier markets as a protection from brigands and border thieves. The more advanced modern men, however, have insisted that they shall be on hill tops, wind-swept and waterless. \"Bad sites, bad plans, bad materials, and shoddy work,\" says the old general; \"they stand on a hill and look for attacks from across the frontier whilst the real enemy is running about just below them and eating up the country—they have bought a new hat and think it is a new head.\" I hope to pass near these forts during my next frontier tour, and I will make a point of seeing them and reporting.\n\n## Roads and Telegraphs\n\nThe only recently built road of which I have any information is that from A-tun-tze to Chamutong (on the Salween, latitude 28°). The remainder of the roads in the frontier districts are mere tracks, where men and mules must march in Indian file, generally with very steep gradients. This applies to the main road from Bhamo to Tengyueh and on to Tali-fu; even on this road animals constantly fall over the narrow tracks, and within the last few days the mail courier from Tali-fu fell over a precipice and was killed.\n\nA telegraph line has been constructed from Tali-fu to Likiang, and the Chinese have just arranged to continue the telegraph line from Tengyueh towards Bhamo along the new road, instead of by the old road through Manwyne.\n\n## Chinese Officials\n\n### The Tengyueh Taotai\n\nThe old taotai, Liu Yuan-pi, expired on the 4th July, as a result of malaria contracted at last year's frontier meeting. He was a genial and amiable colleague, and our social relations were very cordial; he was, however, too weak and vacillating to be a satisfactory frontier officer. He was greatly mourned by his people, who were much attached to him, chiefly, I think, because he left them to their own devices, and he was known to be entirely honest. He was succeeded by a young man, Keng Pao-kuei, who has had a meteoric career, and is believed to be Yungchang prefect for seventeen days, and acting taotai at Tengyueh all within a year. His recommendation to his superiors appears to be the fact that he forwards large sums regularly to the provincial treasury, and the Yunnan-fu authorities recognise that he is \"fierce\" (\"li-hai\"), and therefore presumably a suitable man for the frontier. He has descended upon Tengyueh like a whirlwind, and this very old-world, slow-moving place is still breathless with his impetuous presence. He not only determined to reform his own subordinates, but endeavoured to extend the process to the British officers within his sphere of activity. I have constantly been obliged to advise a little more care and a little less impetuosity before committing himself, and our relations in consequence have occasionally been somewhat strained. The experience of the past has unfortunately fostered the belief that frontier taotais must be violently anti-British in order to get on, and the taotai Keng, by the very force of his character, has managed to overstep every bound. He shows signs, however, of desiring that the past should be forgotten, and I am not unwilling to meet him, as he is sufficiently courageous and independent to be a good frontier official if once he realises the responsibility of his position. At the same time I am reluctant to discuss with him any question of importance until he has given some assurance of more reasonable behaviour in any future dealings.\n\nonly 30 years of age. He was pa hsien at Chungking, acting Chungking prefect,\n\n### The Yungchang Prefect\n\nChiang Wen-ch'en, ex-Ting of Tengyueh, has recently been promoted to this post. His principal recommendation appears to have been his obstructive attitude at the last frontier meeting. He is not a clever man, but is obstinate and uncompromising, and the old taotai was entirely in his hands. I consider him the worst official in the district from our point of view, but he will not affect us in any way if the taotai can be brought to reason. I trust that Mr. Chiang will not attend the frontier meeting.\n\n### Salt Commissioner\n\nPeng Chi-chih, the old Yungchang prefect, lost his post for destroying the Lungchuan pillar. He is an amiable old gentleman with a good knowledge of frontier affairs, and he acted foolishly in the matter of the pillar owing to the weight of advice behind him. He now warns young officers to move very slowly in international affairs, and points to his own fate as the awful consequence of unappreciated zeal. He has now been appointed special salt commissioner, with instructions to keep foreign salt out of Western Yunnan at any cost. He is deeply \n\nPage 7\nPage 133",
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        "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "## \n\nMessrs. Leveson and Litton in the joint survey of 1905, to be beyond the pale of civilisation (“hua wai\") and to be independent of China, and therefore \"no objections would be raised by him to Burmah taking them over.\" These villages are antagonistic to the Chinese and do not fear to say so. On this section of the river, there are two villages, the large one of Gawyawn (Chinese, Shang Lou) and Chikgaw (Chinese, Chika), which exchange presents with the Tatang fuyi. In a former quarrel between the Chinese and the Lungpang group of villages, to which they then belonged, the inhabitants sought and obtained peace by agreeing to exchange presents, as a sign of friendship. Both villages deny that they are in any way subordinate to Tatang. \"Being friends we exchange presents once in three, four or five years\" is what the Gawyawm headman said when I recorded his statement. The inhabitants of Shijang (Chinese, Hsieh Chiang), a group of Lashi villages situated up a small side valley, also deny the Chinese claims.\n\nWe come now to the Hpimaw (Chinese, Pien-ma) group of villages. The stream that flows near these villages is the Tangjam Hka. The people say that they have paid tribute to the Chief of Tengkeng for several generations, at first at long intervals and then with more regularity. These villages and Tangtung and Gawlam on the left bank of the Upper Ngawchang River were formerly under the Lungpang chief, but after a quarrel many years ago the inhabitants appealed to the Tengkeng fuyi for protection and help, which he gave them, and thereafter made them pay tribute. The inhabitants of all these places are Lashis; they all speak Chinese, and there is a school maintained by the Chinese Government at Hpimaw. The few Lisu hamlets in the mountains south of Hpimaw also claim to be under China as the inhabitants came originally from the Salween side of the divide, and there are other Lisu hamlets in the headwaters of the Ngawchang River which also pay tribute once in three years to the Chief of Tengkeng. In some villages, the people state that disputes are referred to that functionary for settlement, while in others they say that they never do so. Beyond collecting tribute, the fuyi does not appear to exercise any real control over these villages, or to actively administer them. Kangfang (house of toll) is a purely Chinese hamlet, where a few Chinese traders in coffin-wood congregate during the open season. The Tengkeng fuyi has a toll-collector there, who takes one plank in twenty for his master.\n\nThe claims of the Chinese are thus:-\n\n**(a)** The claim of the Tientan headman to the Chipwi valley, which it has been decided cannot be considered.\n\n**(b)** The Tenkeng fuyi's claim to the Hpimaw group of villages to Tantung and Gawlam and to the Lisu hamlets near Hpimaw and about the headwaters of the Ngawchang River.\n\n**(c)** The Tatang fuyi's claim to Gawyawm and Chikgaw in the middle Ngawchang valley, both of which are based on a periodical exchange of valueless presents.\n\n**(d)** The Mingkwang fuyi's claim to the two villages of Lagwi on the Mangshang Kha, a tributary of the Hparè stream, the ground for this claim being also an exchange of presents once in \"six to ten years.\"\n\n**(e)** The same fuyi's claim to the villages of Hparè and to those lower down the Hkansheng valley as far as the Kyetmaw Kha west of Htawgaw village.\n\nClaim **(a)** has already been rejected, and I do not think the Chinese can substantiate claims **(c)**, **(d)**, and **(e)**. The claim to Hparè is as much a fiction as the Chinese claim of suzerainty over Burmah in 1886.\n\nThe Tengkeng chief's claim **(b)** is the only one that deserves consideration. As regards **(d)** and **(e)** the joint report says: \"We are of opinion that nothing can be clearer than that there is no Chinese control either in Hparè or Tzu Chu,\" the latter being the Chinese name for Lagwi. With this, I entirely agree. As regards Hparè, the report is emphatic: \"It is perfectly clear that the Chinese suzerainty, much more control, over Hpare and the Kun Ma (Hkansheng) valley is an entire myth.\" At the enquiry, \"the Chinese deputy refused to cross-examine or even to listen and got up and went away.\"\n\nThe claims of the Chinese are thus reduced to very small proportions, viz., that of the tribal chief of Tengkeng. With respect to this claim, we cannot blink the fact that he has right on his side. Although his claim is not a very strong one, yet it is stronger than ours, for we have none, except perhaps the right of every country to obtain a frontier that will secure it from military and political aggression.\n\n## 3. Terms on which we may negotiate with the Chinese.--I have been directed to give my opinion regarding the terms on which we may suitably negotiate with the Chinese Government for the delimitation of the frontier.\n\nAs it would help to increase our prestige, I recommend that a serious effort should be made to retain the watershed boundary either by-\n\n**(a)** Leasing from the Chinese Government the tract of country claimed by the Tengkeng chief, in perpetuity, as was done in the case of the Mong Wan assigned tract (triangle) in the Bhamo district;\n\n**(b)** By leasing it, also in perpetuity, from the chief himself, with the aid of the good offices of the Chinese Government; or\n\n**(c)** By compensating the fuyi liberally for its loss by paying him a lump sum of money.\n\n**(b)** Would, perhaps, be the best course, as it would be less likely to wound the amour-propre of the Chinese Government and the fuyi, it being an established fact that for sentimental reasons the Chinese have the greatest aversion to surrendering any territory, however small and valueless it may be.\n\nThe Chinese claim to the Hpimaw group of villages may honestly be considered to be more a family than an Imperial one, and a sum of 1,000 rupees a-year might, consequently, be offered for the total extinction or the transfer of the fuyi's rights to us on a lease. The above sum would err on the side of liberality, but in order to secure a speedy settlement, the amount might be increased to 1,500 rupees or even 2,000 rupees. If a lump sum would be acceptable, 15,000 rupees might be offered.\n\nWe should lay stress on the fact that there has been no actual administration on the part of the fuyi; that when Hpimaw village was burnt last year by him the people came to us for help; that the tract is valueless from a revenue point of view to both countries; that the fuyi will get more money from us than he can ever hope to collect; that the villages being on this side of the divide, there will be constant feuds and disputes between the inhabitants and our people, as there always have been in the past, which will lead to friction between the two countries; that the inhabitants are only barbarians (for whom it is known the Chinese have the greatest contempt); that the boundary is both a natural and ethnological one, as it separates the Lashis and Marus, who come from the same stock as the Burmans, from the Chinese and Lisus; and, lastly, that the boundary is, undoubtedly, the best one for both countries. If there are places on our frontier where the Chinese have entered upon debatable ground, as I hear they have done at Tawnyo, east of Lashio, in the Shan States, and may have done elsewhere, it might be used as a lever to induce them to accede to our demand respecting Hpimaw. If, in the course of negotiations, the Chinese should bring forward complaints as to our action in tearing up their appointment orders and confiscating their gifts and tokens to headmen, our reply is that they were guilty of sending emissaries into British territory, viz., the Chipwi and 'Nmaikha valleys, who forged petitions from the illiterate \"barbarians\" therein to the Chinese Government praying to be taken over by it, when they have no such desire, thereby perpetrating an extraordinary breach of international etiquette. No course was, therefore, open to me but to obtain possession of all these tokens, official caps, &c., and to forbid our subjects to accept any further orders and gifts from any Chinaman. Had I taken these things from some of the headmen and let others retain them, it would have been accepted by the latter as a sign that I recognised the Chinese claims to their villages.\n\nIf these arguments should fail and the Chinese still cling to their petty claims on this side of the great natural line, I propose an alternative boundary which is equally as good and will exclude the Hpimaw tract from the territory to be taken over by us. The line I recommend follows the crest of the range of hills (marked A, B, C on the annexed map*) which lies parallel to and west of the Salween divide. It starts from the high peak called Hsi-Chiang ho Shan (12,000 feet) and separates the basins of the Mangshang (Lagwi or Tzu Chu) and the Shangtawa streams on one side from that of the Changzaw Kha (? Pi Ho) on the other. Further north, it forms the watershed between the Hpienlaw Kha on the west and the Ngawchang River and its tributaries on the east. It here attains its maximum elevation, the highest point being a peak of 13,600 feet known to the Marus as Chiyen Bum. From here northward, the frontier follows the top of the water-parting of the Ngawchang Kha, which finally sweeps eastward in the shape of a bow and joins the Irrawaddy-Salween divide north-east of the Lisu village of Hpawtè. The Ngawchang Kha, which is a very swift stream...\n\nPage 450\nPage 451",
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        "page_number": 451,
        "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "## \nis unafordable from Tangtung village downwards, flows in a deep gorge through this mountain-chain. Navigation is unthinkable in connection with this river, and it is only in a few places that a raft or boat could live on it.\n\nThe height of the Wulaw pass through which the proposed line passes is estimated at 9,000 feet, and as this apparently is the lowest point in the whole chain, the range is nearly as high as the main divide. There are no roads of any sort across it except a very difficult one going westward from somewhere below the village of Wulu (Lao Wulu) and the one that leads over the Wulaw pass. The only vulnerable point, therefore, is the above-mentioned gorge, which Major #french-Mullen, who is commanding my escort, thinks it would be more difficult to force if held in strength than any of the passes over the Salween watershed. The range is thus a very formidable barrier. That officer also agrees with me that it would be just as easy to defend this line as the other, perhaps easier, and it will give us a boundary that will preclude the possibility of further dispute with the Chinese. On the other hand, if the divide is the frontier, we should possess two lines of defence at this point instead of one.\n\n## \n\nIt would doubtless add somewhat to our prestige if we could retain Hpimaw, as we have claimed it, and it might detract from our prestige slightly if we gave it up. But I think the latter difficulty could be got over by arranging a friendly meeting between the local officials when the boundary is finally accepted by the two Governments, at which the local people would be informed that each side is making concessions to the other; the Chinese are giving up their claim to Hparè, Lagwi, Gawyawn, and Chikgaw, and we, on the other hand, are surrendering ours to Hpimaw, Tangtung, Gawlam, Kangfang, and the Lisu villages north of Kangfang, together with the forests of shamu trees from which the coffin-wood, which the Chinese value so much, is obtained. If this is done, it will also help to save the \"face\" of the Chinese, and would no doubt be a most acceptable arrangement to them. The frontier could be demarcated at the same time.\n\nUntil it is settled where the frontier is to be, we must prevent the Chinese from stepping across the divide after our departure and interfering with the people. In order to put a stop to this, the country up to the crest of the watershed must be administered, and the cheapest way to do so, as I have already reported, is to appoint a “taungok,” or superior headman, as was done in the Shingaw valley, who will live in the Lungpang group of villages, and stop any attempt on the part of the local fuyi to cross the frontier or send his retainers across it. My best Lashi headman, Labao Nu, of Lajawng village, is available for this purpose.\n\nHe is related to the headmen of the Lungpang group of villages, is influential and trustworthy, has been rewarded by the Viceroy and the Lieutenant-Governor of Burmah for good work, and is willing to accept the post on a salary of 50 rupees a-month. With such an official on the spot, and a civil officer at Wanghte to support him, we should be able to keep officious Chinese underlings out of the country until the question of the frontier is finally decided.\n\nAs regards the Hpimaw tract, I suggest that the Chinese Government should be asked not to permit the Tengkeng fuyi or his agents or servants to visit or administer it until the negotiations in connection with the frontier are concluded. This would not be an unreasonable request to make and might be acceded to.\n\nIf the Chinese agree to accept the proposed boundary up to the confines of Thibet, well and good. If not, we should be content to have it as far as latitude 27° north, beyond which nothing is known of the country except that it is perhaps the most difficult in the world, and is inhabited by Black Marus and other tribes of intractable savages, with whom the Chinese have little or no dealings. The country has never been explored, and is a blank on the map. Prince Henri of Orleans made a perilous journey across it from east to west in latitude 27° 40′ north, but has added little to our geographical knowledge of the region. The settlement of this portion of the frontier may therefore be postponed indefinitely.\n\nAs regards the branch of the 'Nmaikha near latitude 28° north, known as the Chin River to the Chinese, the basin of which is inhabited by the little-known tribe of Chiu-Tzu, who are supposed to be tributary to the Chinese Chief of Yetche (Yei Chil) on the Mekong, I agree with the late Mr. Litton that it would only confuse matters to raise the question of so distant and difficult a country about which both the Chinese and ourselves know so little.\n\nA boundary commission is a thing to be avoided. It is very expensive, and as the Chinese officers are afraid to accept responsibility, and rue it if they do, it usually ends in an impasse, or if a settlement is arrived at the Celestial Government will refuse to ratify it. No Chinese official could venture to give up a yard of Chinese soil, or supposed Chinese soil, without running the risk of losing his position and perhaps also his life. Their attitude is consequently always one of passive resistance. If possible, therefore, the frontier should be laid down in London or Peking, preferably the former, as the Chinese officials there will probably understand a map better than those in Peking. The whole thing, as Mr. Litton says, could be settled amicably in ten minutes if we had a civilised Government to deal with.\n\nI can find nothing in any document in my possession, or in any paper to which I have had access, regarding the frontier proposed by Taotai Shih Huang Chao. If it includes in China the upper portions of the Chipwi, Hparè, and Lagwi valleys, it is quite useless to us as a line of partition between the two countries, for it would be naked to attack and indefensible; each of these valleys would furnish a pied-à-terre to a hostile force or a site for a future fort, and form an enclave where our bad characters and discontented spirits would congregate. In fact, it would be out of the question for us to accept such a boundary.\n\nThere can be no doubt that the people will welcome us with open arms everywhere, even at Hpimaw, for they know that we will bring peace and money into the country, which at present is steeped in poverty and a prey to chronic disorder.\n\n### 4. Text of proposed Convention\n\nIf the boundary as originally proposed is accepted by the Chinese Government in its entirety, the following draft of the text of a convention, taken from Mr. Litton's report, could be accepted by the Government of Burmah :--\n\n\"(a.) From Manang Bam,* in latitude 25° 33′ north, the frontier will follow the crest of the watershed range between the Nmaikha River with its tributaries to the north, and the Taping and Shweli (Lung Chiang) Rivers with their tributaries to the south, until it reaches the watershed between the Salween and the Irrawaddy Rivers.\n\n| Localities/Natural Features | Belong to |\n| --- | --- |\n| Pan Wa Kou pass, the Tsu Mei (Sisters) peak, the Ta Ya Kou pass, the Tzu Chu Ya You (Lagwi) pass, the Feng Shui Ling pass, the Ta Ho Tou ridge |  |\n| the valleys (pa-tzu) of Lunma and Tan Tsa, the Lang Ya Shan peak, the Tientan valley, the Mingkwang valley, the Tatang valley | China |\n| the valleys of the Shingaw, Tamu (Tun Maw) and Chipwi Rivers, the parè or Hkansheng valley, the Lagwi, Tzu Chu or Mangshang valley, and the Shijang (Hsieh Chiang) valley; the Hpimaw valley, comprising the drainage of the Htangjam, Changzaw (Pi Ho) and Muku streams; the whole of the drainage of the Ngawehang (Hsiao Chiang) River | Burmah |\n\n\"Thence the frontier will follow the crest of the lofty and conspicuous range known locally as the Kao Liang Kung or Kao Li Kung, which forms the watershed between the Salween and the Irrawaddy Rivers as far as latitude passing through the crest of the Pien-ma (Hpimaw) Ya Kou pass.\n\n\"The whole of the basin of the Salween (Lu Chiang) thus belongs to China and the whole basin of the Irrawaddy to Burmah.\n\n* (b.) As the frontier now laid down follows conspicuous ranges of hills and is well known no further demarcation on the spot will be necessary, but it is agreed that officers will be dispatched by both Governments to erect boundary pillars at the principal passes over the ranges which form the frontier. Any difficulty in recognising the places mentioned will be settled by reference to the map which is attached to the English and Chinese versions of the convention, and which is recognised by both Governments as authoritative.\n\n\"(c.) It is understood that this convention does not affect the frontier of the various Thibetan districts, which will be reserved for future discussion.\n\n\"(d.) The Yunnan Government having reported that certain headmen (fuyi') on the Chinese side of the frontier claim customary presents or pecuniary dues from villages situated on the Burmah side thereof, the British Government agrees to pay to the Chinese Government an annual sum of ... rupees in full compensation for the extinction of such claims. All jurisdiction and sovereignty over such villages shall thenceforth reside in His Britannic Majesty for ever. It is agreed that this sum ... rupees shall be paid annually, commencing from the ... by His Britannic Majesty's consul at Tengyueh, through the Taotai of West Yunnan, to be distributed to the said headmen (fuyi') in such proportions as the Chinese Government may determine.\n\n* I have omitted the words \"the high conical peak\" because they are not a correct description of the hill on which the northernmost boundary pillar of the convention has been erected.\n\nPage 446",
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        "page_number": 539,
        "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "# \n## Cantan-Hankow (Yueh-Han)\nConstruction trains were running on the Changsha-Chuchou section (30 miles) in January 1911.\n\n## Canton-Samshui (San-Shui)\nThe line is deteriorating rapidly, and will soon require relaying throughout.\n\n## Kungyik-Hsinning (Hsinning) (Commonly called the Sunning Railway)\nThe Kong-Moon Extension is proceeding apace, and is expected to be completed during 1911.\n\n## Tien-tsin-Pukou (Tsin Pu)\n### South Section (British construction)\nRails now laid to Isu-Chou-fu, and completion of the whole section hoped for by middle of 1912.\n\n### North Section (German construction)\nAt the beginning of March, construction trains were running to a point 17 miles south of Tai-an-fu.\n\n## Szechuan-Hankow (Chuan-Han)\nOne hundred miles now under construction; 50,000 coolies working on the ten sections from Ichang to Hsiang-chi.\n\nConstruction trains run twice daily from the wharf at Ichang to rail-head (about 6 miles). Except for two cuts not quite finished the track can now be laid from the first 20 miles.\n\nTchang station will be finished in May. Engine-sheds and three store rooms completed; water-tower will soon be finished. All the bridges and drains in the first section are completed, and in progress in other sections.\n\n### Tunnels\nSome 50 miles from Ichang a 6,200-foot tunnel is under construction (much water hampers the work), about 25 miles from Ichang two other tunnels, each about 1,000 feet, are being made. A 700-foot tunnel, some 15 miles from Ichang, is now completed.\n\nDuring 1910 over 100,000l. worth of railway material was imported, including two locomotives from America. Machinery from England and Germany, rails from Hanyang, cement from Hong Kong, &c.\n\nOne private car, one 2nd-class car, and one brake-van have been put together; and one director's car, and some 1st- and 2nd-class cars are being built in the workshops. Over forty ballast cars are now in use.\n\nThe machine-shops plant (from Messrs. Arnhold, Karberg, and Co.) has arrived and will soon be put up in the newly-built workshops.\n\nAnother 500-horse-power tug and two 200-ton lighters have recently been ordered from the new Engineering Company of Shanghai for better transportation of material between Hankow and Ichang. Eleven 100-feet spans have been ordered from the America Bridge Company of New York, and are to be delivered in May. Large orders for cement and timber have also been given. Earthwork and tunnel tenders for the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, ninth, and tenth sections have been opened and will be decided this month (April). It is estimated that the section to Wan Hsien will take some fifteen years to complete. Funds still in hand said to be from 1,000,000l. to 1,500,000l.\n\n## Honan-Tungkuan (Lo-Tung)\nBy January 1911 the road-bed had been made as far as Tiehmen, 40 miles from Honan-fu.\n\n## Yunnan-Szechuan\nI attach a sketch-map of the trace from Yunnan-fu to Sui-fu now projected by Mr. Dawley, the American engineer employed on the survey of the line. He arrived at Chung King on the 17th February, after a thirteen months' journey from Yunnan-fu, accurately surveying. This trace differs from those previously suggested by the use of the Niu Lan valley, which not only shortens the distance to 410 miles, but gives a much easier gradient. For some 200 miles the incline is only 1 per cent. Up a small affluent of the Niu Lan the gradient rises to 2 per cent. North of Chao-Tung very difficult. Mr. Dawley considers it impossible to take the line through Ta-Kuan, and proposes to follow the valley of the main westerly branch of the Hêng Chiang. Here even, in one place, there is a drop of 1,600 feet in 16,000 feet. Cost of construction estimated at 25,000,000 to 35,000,000 taels. Amounts of capital collected by the railway company up to date of commencement of survey was 2,000,000 taels.\n\nMr. Dawley is on a three years' contract, of which about one-half has expired. He has one American assistant, Mr. Hawke, and a large staff of Chinese engineers, trained in the Yunnan-fu Railway College. After staying three or four days in Chung King, Mr. Dawley left for Na Chi Hsien, to go up the valley of the Yung-Ning Ho to Pi Chieh and Wei Ning. He will not make a detailed survey, but general observation of the levels, with a view to a possible alternative trace. He does not think any line from the Yang-tsze to Yunnan-fu will be completed for at least seven or eight years, and is pessimistic as to its ultimate success. There is reason to believe that if the Chuan-Han Railway's steamboat project is carried out, construction will be begun from the Sui-fu end, as freights for material by the Tonkin line are prohibitive. A few miles of track may be laid down near Yünnan-fu to encourage subscription.\n\n## Antung-Mukden\nGreater progress is being made than was anticipated, and the line may be completed by the autumn of this year.\n\nNothing fresh to report.\n\nPeking, April 24, 1911.\n\n## TELEGRAPHS\nM. E. WILLOUGHBY, Military Attaché.",
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        "document_key": "CO129-391 - Acting Governor Claud Severn Governor Sir May - 1912 [7-8]",
        "page_number": 58,
        "title": "CO129-391 - Acting Governor Claud Severn Governor Sir May - 1912 [7-8]",
        "content_text": "Message Formas 6/17.)\n\nTELEGRAPH\n\nSOF:R:ANT REGISTERED AT\n\nLIMITE\n\n56\n\nTHE EASTERN TELEGRAPH CO, LTD.\n\nLONDON STATIONS:\n\nCHIEF STATION: 11, OLD BROAD STREET, E.C. 551\n\n4, ELECTRA HOUSE, E.C.\n\nBRANCH STATIONS:\n\n8, LEADENHALL STREET, E.C. MARKET BUILDINGS, 29, Mincing Lane-26, Mark Lane, E.C. || 41 & 42, PARLIAMENT STREET, S.W. 37, HOLBORN VIADUCT, E.C. 149, STRAND, W.C.\n\nAuctor H); COVENT GARDEN, W.C.\n\nNo.\n\nREM\n\nMARKA\n\nCHARING CROSS BRANCH (not \"BRAIN2\") 901 12) 6, DENMAN STREET, PICCADILLY CIRCUS, STRAND.\n\nThe following TELEGRAM Received\n\nFrom Foreign No.\n\n*\n\nNo. of Words).\n\n-6 JUL 1912\n\n19\n\nat\n\nDated\n\nques\n\nChanz\n\n150\n\nLiz. cents\n\nCasa lico\n\nhalf\n\nTime\n\npiâ\n\n\"Eastern.\"\n\nTopo\n\napprove\n\nSal roben\n\nMay\n\nREPLIES SHOULD BE ORDERED Via Eastern\n\nDoubtful words should be OFFICIALLY repeated. See Rule Book.\n\nNo inquiry respecting this Telegram can be attended to without the production of this Copy.\n\nWaterlow & Sons Limited, Printers, London Wall, London",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-391 - Acting Governor Claud Severn Governor Sir May - 1912 [7-8].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 438402,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-391 - Acting Governor Claud Severn Governor Sir May - 1912 [7-8]",
        "page_number": 171,
        "title": "CO129-391 - Acting Governor Claud Severn Governor Sir May - 1912 [7-8]",
        "content_text": "810G : xevif doo\n\nno notusti\n\nII.20% aml od šel (v7L\n\n15th. April, 1912: Nanning:\n\n15th.\n\ndo.\n\nShek T'ong Hao:\n\nareti „1.30 spening az ori belig.so nee、 BED Jail sing\n\n23rd.\n\ndo.\n\nCanton-Ch'en Ts'un, Shun Te Hsien:\n\nMost ng swooioni myed -vs.\n\nBu deff Jon 10 m\n\norovo a silly m.\n\n29th.\n\ndo.\n\nKuei Hsien:\n\n* to $0.\n\n30th.\n\ndo.\n\nDeniq în zomo Qui :(4th, 197) cells im\n\n.J\n\n‚ovi nenu UBY\n\njvmgesive? Jol sout\n\n1701ød gne'10 gnost\n\n.ni soit wo VAJU BRE\n\n.081 Bi. o\n\n.dll du seine.....01 Di\n\nIdrandal dest\n\nShun Te Hsien:\n\nlat. May, 1912:\n\nHein An Hsien:\n\n10th.\n\ndo.\n\nWuchow:\n\n165\n\nPiracy of launch and Junk. Ch'i Shih Erh Hang.\n\nPiracy of launch.\n\nCh'i Shih Erh Hang. Piracies of \"Pi Chiang\" on 8th. and 22nd. instants.\n\nKuo Min Pao.\n\nSacked by pirates.\n\nCh'i Shih Erh Hang. Piracy at.\n\nKuo Lin Pao.\n\nRaid on, on 26th. ultimo.\n\nKuo Min Pao.\n\nJunk Owners petition for protection against piracy. Ch'i Shih Erh Hang. Junk Owners apply for protection.\n\nCh'i Shih Erh Hang.\n\nShek P'ai Station: Raid on, on 16th. instant.\n\n18th.\n\ndo.\n\nYueh Ch'eng:\n\n.0%\n\ntr\n\n20th.\n\ndo.\n\n.00\n\n.AJCI\n\n21st.\n\ndo.\n\nNem Hoi District, Kuan Yao Ts 'un.\n\n23rd. do.\n\n*\n\n24th.\n\ndo.\n\n24th.\n\ndo.\n\n*Z* .2.8\n\n.00\n\nCh'i Shih Erh Hang. Robbery at on 18th. instant.\n\nKuo Min Pao.\n\nYing Tak District: Petition for more troops to suppress piracy.\n\nCh'i Shih Erh Hang.\n\nHeungchow to Shekki:Launch pirated.\n\nJen Ch'uan Pao.\n\nWuchow to Nanning: Piracy of launch \"Chieh An*. (Ho Shun Steamboat Co.) 17th. instant.\n\n-mo on.\n\nus neiti gai.. od\n\nnt. ouM\n\nro saniiwa yu JIH „AL.0.03 soglušli!\n\nang af nine i'nD\n\n110 xo via Inoic miy contanoй resav) ed\n\ni 1*.8.3\n\nOU\n\n25th.\n\ndo.\n\n.0.\n\n25th.\n\ndo.\n\n30th.\n\nLaat die 1'40\n\nwah\" end to youzi¶\n\n●T qu£ word lewk talvi (419gå bes\n\n4th. June, 1912:\n\nHeungshan:\n\nل والالو\n\nhi lo yaezid\n\nbombed to\n\nOSTİN\n\natt wink i'AQ\n\nF\n\n.08\n\n• A\n\nzeviz Jue\n\nSheklung to Kong-\n\nFatshan to Kong-\n\n-moon.\n\nCanton to Shekki:\n\n7th.\n\ndo.\n\nLien T'ang K'ou, Kongmoon:\n\n7th.\n\ndo.\n\nKongmoon to West River\n\nKuo Min Pao. Piracy of Launch.\n\nJen Ch'uan Pao.\n\nPiracy of launch.\n\nJen Ch'uan Pao. Attempted piracy of launch.\n\nMing Sheng Pao.\n\nReid on, 50 shops on water-front robbed.\n\nCh'i Shih Erh Hang Pao, 4.6.12.\n\nFerry boat T'ai An\", pirated on 4th. instant.\n\nKuo Min Pao.\n\nLaunch pirated.\n\nCh'i shih Erh Hang.",
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        "id": 438703,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-392 - Governor Sir May - 1912 [9-10]",
        "page_number": 16,
        "title": "CO129-392 - Governor Sir May - 1912 [9-10]",
        "content_text": "15 STERN\n\nTELEGRAPH COMPANY\n\n####¡ENT REGISTERED AT STATIONERS' HALL-\n\nTo\n\nTHE EASTERN TELEGRAPH Co., LTD.\n\nLONDON STATIONS:\n\nCHIEF STATION: 11, OLD BROAD STREET, EC2\n\nBRANCH STATIONS:\n\n8, LEADENHALL STREET, EC. MARKET BUILDINGS, 29, Mincing Lane --- 26, Mark Lane, E.C.\n\n37, HOLBORN VIADUCT, E.C.\n\n449, STRAND, W.C.\n\n4, ELECTRA HOUSE, E.C.\n\n41 & 42, PARLIAMENT STREET, S.W.\n\nForeign Auction Hall, COVENT GARDEN, W.C.\n\nTHE BALTIC STREET, MARGARET STREET, S.E.\n\n6, DENMAN STREET, BORO HIGH STREET, S.E.\n\nThe following TELEGRAM Received at,\n\nFrom Foreign\n\nNo.\n\n  \n    No.\n    Dated\n    No. of Words\n  \n  \n    7\n    19 16 1207.\n    Lap\n  \n\n„pió “ Eastern.”\n\nTime London ungwitty required.\n\none so per la prima\n\nPolice Probationer desp polions by\n\nMail\n\nM.\n\nVeja ccar\n\nREPLIES SHOULD BE ORDERED Via Eastern\n\nDoubtful words should be OFFICIALLY repeated. See Rule Book.\n\n13 No inquiry respecting this Telegram can be attended to without the production of this Copy.\n\nWaterlow & Sons Limited, Printers, London Wall, London",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-392 - Governor Sir May - 1912 [9-10].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 441079,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "page_number": 415,
        "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "# VJU\n\n\n411\n\n\n2 \n\nAffairs Office, Mr. Pi Wei, who was formerly employed by the late Tuan-fang at Nanking.\n\nMr. Pai, escorted by a dozen military officers, appeared after a few minutes, and proved eager to descant on the evils of opium smoking and his own zeal in eradicating the vice in Anhui.\n\nHe admitted, in answer to a question, that there was an agreement regarding the gradual cessation of import from India; but he held that that applied only to the trade at open ports. Once opium, Indian or other, passed into native hands and away from a port we had no further concern with it.\n\nI produced the agreement of last May with the relative papers sent me in your circular of the 19th June, 1911, and showing him article 3, asked whether he had reported to Peking the total suppression of poppy cultivation in Anhui so that you might be moved to agree to the province being closed to the Indian drug. After some beating about the bush, he admitted that he had not done so; but, at the instigation of Mr. Pi, he asserted in a blustering fashion that the closing of a province was entirely an internal question, and that no previous acquiescence on our part was required by the agreement. His vigorous measures, which would include sending troops to shoot down every person found growing the poppy, brought his province within the terms of the article.\n\nAfter I proceeded to call his attention to article 4 and the other provisions of the agreement as well as to the papers appended and asked if he recognised that his Government has accepted as valid all the engagements of its predecessor.\n\nHe displayed considerable uneasiness and greedily scanned the papers shown him with every appearance of being quite unfamiliar with any of them.\n\nEncouraged by Mr. Pi, he now took up the line that this was not a diplomatic question worthy of my being sent in a cruiser, but a mere matter of finance to be adjusted, if his Government, to which he had sent reports, should not uphold his action, by payment of some compensation. And he proceeded once more to inveigh against the vice and assert for China an absolutely free hand in dealing with it, our only claim being for compensation to our dealers should China decide to stop importation at once instead of spreading the prohibition over a term of years.\n\nHis attention was again called to the papers in my hand, and especially to the penultimate paragraph of the Wai-wu Pu's circular telegram of the 15th June, 1911. I added that the important point in the case was precisely the international question of the due performance of solemn engagements between friendly nations. That this instance referred to opium was a mere accident: if China could go back on this agreement and her own official interpretation of its meaning, all her treaty engagements became untrustworthy and her position in the world one of serious danger.\n\nMr. Pai, who had been reading the documents while listening to my words, seemed at last to perceive in what an awkward position his rash act had placed him; but Mr. Pi again intervened with voluble assurance that they had carefully studied all the treaties, even last year's agreement, and were prepared to prove they were within their rights. He sent an attendant for a book of treaties, but, though sent back more than once, the man returned empty-handed. He explained, meanwhile, that the Tien-tsin Treaty specially provided against foreign interference with opium once it left the foreign importer's hands (presumably referring to the second sentence of the first rule of trade).\n\nI explained that the proper interpretation of treaty terms was a matter for the parties making the treaties, that is, for the Governments concerned, and no good purpose could be served by our arguing on a matter already explained authoritatively by his own country's Government. Besides my instructions were simply to investigate the specific case and its circumstances; I desired, therefore, to obtain direct answers to certain questions concerning it:----\n\n1. Were the seven chests seized and destroyed by the tutu's direct orders? The answer was, \"Yes, they were.\"\n\n2. For what reasons? Because Anking was not a treaty port, and because the owners were not foreigners. The treatment of all opium under such conditions was purely a matter of internal administration in the absolute discretion of the provincial authorities.\n\nPrompted by Mr. Pi, the tutu, in a confused manner, added that the seven chests had not all the necessary papers - transit certificates and bills of lading - and the opium had been changed.\n\nThey all seemed astonished when I said this was scarcely possible, as the Imperial Maritime Customs kept the most careful track of every ounce of Indian opium sent inland and could have supplied any information required in case of suspicion of irregularity. Mr. Pai then said the opium had been left on the hulk unclaimed for some days; and I replied that this was quite usual and did no harm, as the hulk-keeper was bound to keep cargo securely.\n\nWe took leave after arranging that Mr. Pai would return our call on Monday, the 7th October.\n\nDuring the 6th my servants and the Wuhu writer traversed the city in search of proclamations and news. They found one proclamation freely posted: copies of this and of one other are enclosed; both are signed as well as sealed by Mr. Pi and I myself saw them posted freely in the city. It will be observed that at first Mr. Pai went beyond the Wai-wu Pu's standing order only by confining the sale of prepared opium to certain official shops - a monopoly of which, I believe, Mr. Pearson complained. This process, however, seemed to him too dilatory and he has, in fact, recently closed all the shops in the city, though, I believe, secret sales continue.\n\nAbout 6 PM on the 6th, Mr. Pai sent me a note of which copy is enclosed, alleging a cold due to the sudden change of temperature, as sufficient reason for sending Mr. Pi to return my call on board the steamer. A reply was returned declining to receive any substitute for the officer whom I was directed to deal with in person.\n\nI had trustworthy information that Mr. Pai was up and about and had spent most of the day consulting with his subordinates. His note may have been due not only to a wish to belittle us, but also to my having told his secretary that I desired to return to my regular work as soon as was consistent with the fulfilment of my mission.\n\nLate on the night of the 6th instant, Mr. Pai again wrote that his doctor warned him against the risk of aggravating his ailment by exposure to cold; and the next morning I rejoined that my own health would benefit by a rest and I should await his recovery, only asking him to let me know as soon as possible the time of his visit in order that I might telegraph to you, whom I had already told of his sudden indisposition.\n\nOn the evening of the 7th, Mr. McCarthy, the British master of the American Church Mission School, who is in friendly relations with Mr. Pai and the other native authorities and who had heard the tutu at a recent feast dilate on his determination to suppress the use of opium by any means he thought fit, called with a letter giving the result of enquiries by one of his Chinese assistants who has a friend a secretary in the yamên. Mr. McCarthy erroneously described this as posted on a wall near the mission, which led me to describe it in my first telegram of the 8th instant as a manifesto. He also stated that he had been hurriedly called to consult with Mr. Pi and another secretary as to what was the best course to pursue. They admitted that all that ailed Mr. Pai was anxiety over this case and reluctance to call lest he be treated rudely or even with personal indignity. Mr. McCarthy, who specially asks that his name be kept private, pointed out the impropriety of leaving unreturned the official call of a British officer sent by his Government on one of His Majesty's ships.\n\nAs to the act complained of, which they tried to excuse solely on the ground of supposed defect in the papers covering the opium, he suggested that Mr. Pai might ask leave to explain to the President in person why he has taken so unprecedented a step. But they said the tutu was too busy to go to Peking - a curious answer in view of his visits to Nanking on his own affairs.\n\nOn the same day Mr. Jones had obtained from the hulk-keeper copies of the letters sent him by the chief of police which preceded the removal of the opium. The material part of these has already been sent you by telegram in Chinese; full copies with translations are now enclosed.\n\nOn the 9th instant Mr. McCarthy, whom a perusal of the agreement of last year and the relative papers had convinced of the impossibility of defending the tutu, for whose zeal against opium smoking he has every sympathy, had another interview with the secretaries, and again urged the evil impression produced by his delay in calling, and the advisability of his putting himself into the hands of the President.\n\nOn the evening of the 8th instant, as our inaction might tend to lessen the salutary impression produced by our visit, I had sent the Wuhu writer to the tutu's yamên with polite enquiries after his health, and he had been told that he might probably be well enough to call on board on the 10th.\n\nMeanwhile the pilot had insisted that the unusual lowness of the water, which was falling steadily, rendered it imperative that the \"Flora\" should get below Wade Island without delay, and our departure was fixed for the morning of the 10th.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt",
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    {
        "id": 445208,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "page_number": 282,
        "title": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "content_text": "# [This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\n**OPIUM.**\n\n9492\n\n**RECO**\n\nFebruary 10\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n[6310]\n\n## No. 1.\n\n### SECTION 1.\n\n**Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received February 10.)**\n\n**(No. 39.) Sir,**\n\nPeking, January 23, 1913. IN continuation of my despatch No. 506 of the 23rd December last, I have the honour to forward additional information as to opium cultivation in the provinces of Fukien, Chekiang, Kiangsu, Anhui, and Szechuan.\n\n### Fukien\n\nOn the 7th January Reuter's Pacific Service reported that at least 200,000 mou (32,260 acres) were under opium cultivation in the district of Hsinghua, situated on the coast between Amoy and Foochow. The news was confirmed by a letter to the editor of the \"Peking Daily News\" on 9th January, stating that similar information had been sent three days earlier to the Reform Bureau in Peking from an American missionary living in the Hsinghua district. On the 16th January His Majesty's consul at Foochow telegraphed that the latest general statement from Hsinghua gave the amount under cultivation as enormous, that the country south of that city and in the adjacent district of Hsien-yu was covered with poppy, and that no one had ever seen so much under cultivation. On the 31st December a special correspondent to the \"China Press,\" an American newspaper published in Shanghai, writing from Hsinghua, reported that he had been along the main road from that city to Hsien-yu and had seen the poppy thickly planted on both sides of the road without any attempt at concealment. In his despatch No. 5 of the 11th January, which was enclosed in my despatch No. 37 of the 22nd January, His Majesty's consul-general at Shanghai forwarded an instructive account, dated 29th December, from a Cantonese, sent by his firm in `Hong Kong` to enquire into poppy cultivation in the two prefectures of Chang-chou (west of Amoy) and Chuan-chou (between Amoy and Hsinghua). As a result of his enquiries, he placed the value of the opium fields under cultivation at 15,000,000 dollars, and calculated that opium to a further value of 5,000,000 dollars was being grown in the mountainous regions in those parts, making a total of 20,000,000 dollars as the value of the opium under cultivation in the two prefectures.\n\n### Chekiang\n\nAfter the outbreak of the revolution, this province constituted itself the leader of the several provinces which, contrary to the terms of the opium agreement, proceeded to draw up and enforce regulations differing in details but all aimed against the trade in foreign opium. On the 18th January Reuter's Pacific Service reported from Wenchow that the plains and both banks of the river in the district of Jui An, a few miles to the south-west of Wenchow, were planted with poppy a month ago for a distance of forty miles. The magistrate and a large armed force had traversed the district and local orders were issued for the destruction of all poppy plants within a fortnight.\n\n### Kiangsu\n\nOn the 7th January His Majesty's consul at Chinkiang reported that cultivation of the poppy had been resumed on a more extended scale than ever in the northern districts of Sin-ning, Su-chien, Pi-chou, Shu-yang, and Haichow; an enormous number of fields had been sown around Yao-wan, Pi-chou, and Su-chien; an order had been published prohibiting cultivation but it had remained a dead-letter; the gentry themselves were taking part in the cultivation and were certainly doing nothing to discourage it. On the 30th December, a special correspondent to the \"China Press\" reported that Su-chien had been one of the greatest opium-growing districts in China ten years ago but that not a single acre was under cultivation in 1909. He estimated that at least half the former area had been given up to the poppy last autumn. On the 7th January a special correspondent to the same newspaper reported that he had recently spent more than a month in the countryside of the northern district of Feng-hsien and that the poppy was being planted there in larger quantities than had been the case for many years.\n\n### Anhui\n\nOn the 8th January His Majesty's consul at Wuhu reported that the poppy was being cultivated in the northern districts of Po-chou, Shou-chou, and Ying-chou.\n\n### Szechuan\n\n-In my despatch No. 342 of the 1st September, 1911, it was recorded\n\nPage 281",
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    {
        "id": 469434,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "page_number": 308,
        "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "content_text": "17\n\n304\n\n16\n\nwould make the best of whatever accommodation there was. Mr. Shen then fell back on his \"face\"; how would he have any \"face\" if it became known to the governor that he had permitted the British delegate to suffer such hardships and inconveniences in the province of Kueichow! I told him that \"face\" need not be considered where duty, however irksome, is concerned. Finally, seeing I was not to be persuaded, he mentioned that the Governor of Kueichow had made lavish preparation for my reception at Kueiyang, and was expecting me to arrive there in a few days, and that the governor would hold him responsible for conducting me thither. I told him that in that case I would myself write to the governor and explain matters, which I eventually did, when I arrived at Anshun.\n\nMr. Shen now presented me with a map, requesting that I would mark off my route through Kueichow, so as to enable him to warn the various local officials to make suitable preparations to receive me. I told him that I regretted being unable to do so, as I myself did not yet know my route beyond two or three days' journey. I assured Mr. Shen that I was quite prepared to take the roads or paths and the accommodation just as I found them, and that he need not disturb his mind on those scores.\n\nFrom Tsun-yi to Ch'ien-hsi (98 miles) the country becomes rough and mountainous, the general elevation at Ch'ien-hsi being over 4,000 feet above sea level. Hills are very rugged and steep, and the area is generally less cultivable than in the Tsun-yi district. As a natural result, population is scantier and more dispersed; quite a large proportion of the inhabitants in the Ch'ien-hsi district are aborigines of the Miao tribes. I found very much the same conditions with regard to crops as I had found between Sungkan and Tsun-yi: beans, rape, and peas, with several suspiciously cropless fields.\n\nThe best Kueichow opium was that from the Ch'ien-hsi district, and Sir Alexander Hosie, in his journey across Kueichow province some years ago, observed a considerable number of fields of opium poppy in flower in the Ch'ien-hsi neighbourhood. But all had been swept clean this year.\n\nAt Ch'ien-hsi, where I arrived on the 15th April, I met the priest Père Fortunat. He was able to definitely explode the Chungking story regarding poppy flowers in Kueichow, for he himself had accompanied Père Grimard to Chungking on the journey which had given rise to the Chungking statement. Père Fortunat told me that in January they had seen very many fields of young opium poppy plants, but none were in flower. Similar stern measures to those in other parts of the province with regard to suppression of opium poppy had been taken in the Ch'ien-hsi district; but had there been no suppression the 1917 spring crop of opium poppy in the Ch'ien-hsi district would have been a record one, according to Père Fortunat. The steps taken to eradicate the poppy crops were very thorough. After the crops had been uprooted and destroyed the fields were ploughed and ploughed and ploughed again, so that no trace should remain which the official inspection might reveal. I understand that the Chinese Government had promised the death penalty to any magistrate in whose jurisdiction the official inspection should discover a single opium poppy plant.\n\nAs a result of the destruction of the Kueichow crop, Kuang-hsi opium was finding its way into Kueichow, and was selling at the high price of 3 taels (ounces) of silver per oz. Père Fortunat told me that many of the Ch'ien-hsi officials are regular opium smokers.\n\nPère Fortunat has been nine years in the province of Kueichow. He told me that in his experience the end of April or the beginning of May is the usual time for the flowering of opium poppy in the greater part of the province, i.e., in the highland plateau; and the middle of April for the few districts which are lower and therefore warmer; such districts are in the north-west and south-west corners of the province.\n\nThe Chinese delegates evidently expected that I should proceed from Ch'ien-hsi still westwards to Pi-chieh and Ta-ting; and I was informed that deputies had arrived from the Taoyin of Pi-chieh and the magistrate of Ta-ting to welcome me, and to inform me that the Taoyin and the magistrate would meet me on the road on the following day. I had decided to change the route southwards, so I expressed my regrets to the deputies accordingly. My declaration as to route brought Mr. Shen to my quarters in a hurry. There was no proper road in the direction I proposed to go; there was an enormous lake to be crossed, and there were no boats; brigands were numerous, the Ch'ien-hsi magistrate had himself had a serious encounter with a body of them on the previous day; and, finally, Mr. Shen himself was not feeling well, and the hardships of such a route would be too much for him. I expressed suitable regrets for all these little difficulties, but announced my intention of at least starting on the route I had prescribed.\n\nMr. Shen's forebodings were partly correct; there was nothing that could be reasonably called a road over most of the 30 miles which separated us from my objective—a town called Ch'a-tien. The \"enormous lake\" turned out to be a tributary of the river Wu; we scrambled over it with the aid of two or three small cockle-shells of boats. But it was one of the hardest days' marches of the whole trip.\n\nHeavy rain did not improve matters much. Our last 7 miles were taken over very rough hilly country in pitch darkness and pouring rain, and I was glad to squeeze into the shelter of an inferior temple at Ch'a-tien. From Ch'ien-hsi to Anshun (107 miles) the country was very rough and hilly. The interior of Kueichow is a highland of an average of 4,000 feet in altitude, with myriads of conical hills, 1,000 to 2,000 feet in height, covering the highland plateau. It is through, round, and over these hills that the \"roads\" and the path trucks go.\n\nOn the road between Ch'ien-hsi and Anshun I saw many fields bearing signs of the recent removal of crops, in some fields of mixed crops, rape and barley intermingled; there were occasional signs that a third plant had originally been sown with rape and barley, but that it had recently been uprooted and removed. In the neighbourhood of Hsiung-chia-ch'ang such signs were frequent, and in one or two places in the hills I observed still smouldering fires which had been used to destroy vegetable matter, and I could not but suspect that the vegetable matter had been young poppy plants, in its vegetable existence.\n\nAt Anshun I met Dr. Fish, of the China Inland Mission, who is in charge of a special hospital for the aboriginal tribe which are particularly numerous in the neighbourhood of Anshun. Dr. Fish was of opinion that in the immediate vicinity of Anshun City there were no opium-poppy fields in plant, if indeed any at all had been sown, and this was borne out by my own observation. The crops round Anshun were legitimate enough, and there was an absence of the suspicious gaps in the fields which I had observed further back on the road. This may have been due to the personality of the Anshun magistrate, Mr. Wang, whom I found to be a superior type of magistrate.\n\nFrom Anshun I took a devious route to Nan-lung (formerly called Hsing-yi); the distance was 141 miles, and took one week. I particularly wished to visit Nan-lung, in order to meet Mr. Jamieson, a Chinese inland missionary who had recently been writing letters to the Shanghai press on the subject of opium cultivation in the Nan-lung district.\n\nFor the first 70 miles from Anshun the country is high and covered with rugged hills. I was not keeping to any recognised route, and on one or two days the going was very difficult; on occasions we were obliged to find a track by keeping up or down the dry bed of a mountain torrent. There are many aboriginal tribes—Miao and Lolo—in this part of Kueichow; they live by agriculture. Their villages are invariably placed a little way off the path or track, no doubt owing to their suspicion of the Chinese, and possibly of each other. A fair amount of the hill land is under cultivation.\n\nAt Chen-ning, 20 miles from Anshun, I called on Père Roux, of the Roman Catholic Mission. Père Roux has been forty-eight years in Chen-ning, and is almost the oldest inhabitant of the town. He told me that strongly-worded proclamations for the suppression of the opium poppy crops were posted in Chen-ning and district in January of this year, and that special deputies were despatched from the capital of the province to assist the local officials in seeing that the orders in the proclamations were carried out. Crops were accordingly uprooted and destroyed, and the fields were ploughed up so as to remove every trace of poppy. One man was shot because his ploughing was deemed insufficient. After the destruction of the poppy crops, the magistrate offered a reward of $1 a plant to anyone who could discover a poppy plant in the district; he ordered every man, woman, and child to go out and search. Schools (including the Roman Catholic Mission school) were closed in order to permit the school children to go out and assist in the search. A few stray plants were found in this way, and the owner of the land on which they were found was fined in order to provide money for the promised rewards. The magistrate had shown himself almost too energetic in his measures of suppression; in cases where a poppy plant was found in a field of other plants, such as rape or barley, he had the whole field destroyed. He had prohibited all opium-smoking, and had closed the opium shops. Such opium as was sold in Chen-ning was Kuang-hsi opium, and the price was excessive—4 taels per oz.\n\nNearing Nan-lung the country became more rough and not so fertile; there was scarcely any cultivation on the hill slopes at all; while the red sand and earth, which is a feature of the south-west corner of China, began to appear. Crops were poor, and consisted chiefly of peas and barley. Some rape, about 4 feet high, was well grown.\n\n[2729 -1]",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 483417,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 228,
        "title": "CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "III.\n\n.II\n\n.Y 90\n\n(„E @quenfond yneqmosos oT)\n\n,eoi90 evidnedel\n\nJOSI,you del hos „grożą moż\n\nΤο\n\n(To accompany Enclosure B.)\n\nDetective Office, Hongkong, 3rd February, 1920.\n\nThe Chief Detective Inspector.\n\n227\n\nof\n\n.Todos qeni svilosdel Fair ent\n\nSir,\n\n.TI?\n\nHerewith the report re\n\narms on the sea front.\n\n.Buze\n\nBy Jroqe” ddiweneh\n\n  \n    4.11.19\n    Thor 687 Pr.of.ds \"aiceuf to esorge1*.8,2\n    .fedzentr nom I\n    1\n    005\n    .ob\n    .ob\n    do.\n  \n  \n    5.11.19\n    „iedzerta oem I\n    ·\n    .ob\n    .ob\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    8.11.19\n    Leung Wing Wharf. S.S.\"Tin Sing\" Leung Ting Tharf S.S.\"Ta Sun\"\n    2 revolvers & 687 rounds ammunition. 190 do. 1 revolver & 198\n    18 Mauser pistols, 3 automatic pistols,\n    „Fotzenza com [\n    .ob\n    do.\n    1 revolver 2,200 rounds ammunition.\n  \n  \n    „bodečte reen I\n    OS.1.8!\n    \"Əni alcuni\n    ,bedemne men I\n    001\n    .ob\n    .ob\n    *\n  \n  \n    Phevor dvi à teviovom sitemodus i\n    do.\n    12.11.19\n    14.11.19\n    1 automatic pistol.\n    Shek Ki Junk\n    8.5.\"Sui An*\n    2 Winchester rifles & 1,000 rounds ammu tra.\n  \n  \n    •\n    200\n    do.\n    .ob\n    •\n    ob\n    18.11.19\n    Leung Wing Wharf\n  \n  \n    499\n    do.\n    „bed-enze nem I ‚veviover » To dro¶\n    trenne com I „elovot 261 # revlovok I\n    .ob\n    •\n    .ob\n    \n  \n  \n    20.11.19\n    S.S.\"Tin Sing\"\n    1 automatic pistol &\n    196\n    do.\n    .ob\n    .ob\n    \n  \n  \n    21.11.19\n    do.\n    150\n    do.\n    cherlover S fodeig neruel I „Þedressa nem I\n    27.11.19\n    S.S.\"Sui An”\n    1 Sporting Gun.\n  \n  \n    .ob\n    .ob\n    29.11.19\n    Hau Tak Wharf\n    t\n    en [7]E vodec domil a Jeeyo ok\n    OS.1.PI\n    \"airá to userïquill*\n  \n  \n    29.11.19\n    3.S.\"San Nem Hoi\"\n    „bedrenne mam I .rhnut 000\n    5.12.19\n    .oh\n    .ob\n    1 Winchester rifle, 1 revolver & 49 rounds of ammuntn.\n    \n  \n  \n    *jectie nem Ipevloven a to edre¶\n    .ob\n    .ob\n    „bedeente H I\n    ,chauor PRE\n    .ob\n    .ob\n    \n  \n  \n    „bedɛENTA Kum: I .e[tin e to eder¶\n    .ob\n    .06\n    29.12.19\n    „bedrewe mna i\n    .ob\n    .ob\n    \n  \n  \n    29.12.19\n    26.12.19\n    27.12.19. S.S.\"Sap Nam Hoi\"\n    S.S.\"Sui An\"\n    Canton Whart\n    S.S.\"Quinneboug\"\n    1 automatic pistol à 26 rounds ammuta.\n    \n  \n  \n    Part of a revolver & 113\n    & 200 Part of a rifle\n    Part of a revolver.\n    do.\n    do.\n    about ICE „eeft in\n    desin off\n    usd Beds niv. S ,eðal InƐ VIE\n  \n  \n    . ob\n    ob\n    31.12.19\n    Leung Wing Wharf\n    1 revolver & 206 rounds ammunition.\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    er\n    rlottiq resuri owd to zdraf\n    fejrer am I\n    OS.I.ds\n    arrofo-\n    31.12.19\n    Hau Tak Wharf\n    A\n  \n  \n    do.\n    7.1.20\n    do.\n    Parts of a revolver.\n    #lotriq ridemoder 5 2 87EVİOVEr d\n    OS.S.al\n    to crerqnd*\n    *Diceuf\n  \n  \n    10.1.20\n    S.S.\"San Nam Hoi\"\n    do.\n    10.1.20\n    S.S.\"Tin Sing\"\n    1 revolver & 71 rounds ammunition.\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    12.1.20\n    S.S.\"San Nam Hoi\"\n    JUMITA 12.5\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    16.1.20\n    Hau Tak Wharf\n    1\n    do.\n    200\n    & 5\n    do.\n    do.\n  \n  \n    16.1.20\n    Shak Ki Junk\n    1\n    do.\n    1 automatic pistol & 47 rounds amanta,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    16.1.20\n    Hau Tak Wharf\n    650 rounds ammunition.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n\nPage 227",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4].txt",
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        "id": 483794,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-461 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 147,
        "title": "CO129-461 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "**H\n\nTel. Address: \"'SIGNALLY, AVE.'' LONDON\n\n4.2. ul.\n\nTelephone 3632 LONDON WALL 14 Liner\n\nTELEGRAM\n\nISSUED FROM CHIEF CABLE STATION. ELECTRA HOUSE, FINSBURY PAVEMENT.\n\nREPLIES SHOULD BE ORDERED\n\nVia Eastern,\n\nDoubtful words shoulderds; DEFICIALLY repeated. See Rule Book. ☛☛ No inquiry respecting talgren can be attended to without production of this Copy.\n\nSee back of form for Copy Blation in Londou and Telephong\n\nTIME\n\nHalodare Patio & BAL\n\nIN LETTERS\n\nQuer Circle\n\nlaner Circle\n\nAM\n\nPI\n\nxemplos, PW\n\n1.45;\n\nM17 -8.55 0.\n\nC\n\nClark's Name. į Tim Received.\n\nMio\n\n(PR\n\nThe first line of this Telegram contains the following particularz\n\nin the order named:\n\nNumber of Message, Office o\n\nNumber of Wards Date. T\n\nOmcial Instructions\n\nsed Clock above.\n\nAnd\n\n46\n\n27\n\nPT\n\nHG\n\nSCOTTISH\n\nMy Desto. 187 st.\n\nODTUTLE 55\n\n-190\n\nBG\n\nHONGKONG\n\nPELA IES\n\nLN\n\n=\n\nCOMPANY\n\n*\n\nDESIRE\n\nTARTAN OF\n\nGordon Highlander •\n\nVERBENGEL SILVERGOD\n\n点 WEAR\n\npermissing granted\n\nIF PARTIALISM\n\nserviu dris\n\nBATLLO-LOWN\n\nJACKETS,\n\nBY\n\nWo TIATRICE\n\nwould be glad if\n\nGENOVEVA\n\nCOMP LETE\n\nGordon Highlutur\n\nOR\n\nCAM\n\nน OBSIDIONĚ L\n\nFROM\n\nCA CUNEA L\n\nFOR\n\nMAINLY\n\nLARGE\n\n=\n\nVER BENDEL\n\nWHICH\n\ncau\n\nWITHOUT BADGES\n\nTo obtained focally,\n\nOPSIDIOR\n\nBOARD\n\nOR\n\nSILVERGOD\n\nJe-OMMA\n\n?SIZE SER F\n\nTHROUGH\n\nLend\n\nBOMMA\n\nOF\n\nDISPOSA LS\n\nSTUBBS\n\nMEN",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-461 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [5-7].txt",
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    {
        "id": 488051,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-468 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 404,
        "title": "CO129-468 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "# \n608 \n\nvystansel ant of guol gnob io Toursvoj, adë mori Maiklada? \n\n## GASTE \n\n.asinoloƆ and noi staða de \n\n„plul dids bedel \n\n\"et, Address -\" SIGNALLY, AVE, LONDON. \n\nVisèi,vimo at25 m.q 16.01 izknoloŭ LovisusA) \n\nden (7) yiragong asansû pi...' útil way silat Y #1.6L 192,08 no.11km never swilob bavilast JaL/GLAM \n\n■m/105 103,831 Ja beJamitus rios fon progong (3) DAİMİNİN BNATied to saitzegung Paluuioxo are getmolla yol to evans and apoi lo ytren? nskau ydilenoiden von daad tedaljon noi ɔn., noitanoqro... aniáns!: telegiach bas ZOÉ to azads (E) :obno. nsibedusú şi dile grilasa la akom \n\nedemin ze exlløb Oluse Juode suist Delidao yadaigər \n\nneidsiḥain, to nurdusup adigit mus gynob \n\n„iser este dodaga\" \n\n## Telephone 3240 LONDON WALL. \n\n400 \n\n## TELEGRAM \n\nISSUED FROM CHIEF CABLE STATION. ELECTRA HOUSE. FINSBURY PAVEN317. 340 \n\n### Name \n\nREPLIES SHOULD \n\nBE ORDERED \n\nVia častern \n\nRac Real 06 \n\nDoubtful words should be OFFICIALLY repealed. See Rule 3dok \n\nNo inquiry respecting this Telegram can be attended to without production of this Copy, \n\nSee back of form for list of Company's stations in London and Tipton Numbers \n\nDar Received. \n\n## ELECTRA \n\n25 JUL2 \n\nHOUSE \n\nCENTRAL \n\nTELEGRAPH OFFICE \n\nExamples, PW 3.45 p.m. \n\nHL 8.55 am. \n\n### OPERATION CANCELLED \n\nXUA \n\n152 \n\nY \n\nHONGKONG \n\n25 67/66 \n\nRQ \n\nBC \n\n### CHAPELRIES, LN \n\namount realizes \n\nALALITES \n\ndollars \n\nDORT OB EN \n\ndas bahisən \n\n1. Your Tel 12 July \n\nUNHERDIST \n\nGERMAN \n\nPROPERTY \n\nONE NET \n\nDOLLARS \n\nSEVEN MILLION \n\n85,58 \n\n| Number | Date | Time |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 2) |  |  |\n\n## DORMITURA \n\nBONISM \n\nPROPERTY \n\nnot sold HUNGARI \n\nEstimated at \n\n149,800 \n\nEN CH 18 EL \n\nDOUBLEFACE \n\nDOSINGNESS \n\nDOSIMETER",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-468 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [6-8].txt",
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    {
        "id": 490031,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "page_number": 522,
        "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "62\n\nMany wild poppy plants had been destroyed in the last three months to eradicate every trace of the poppy crops. Many punishments had been inflicted, and any owner who was considered dilatory in uprooting and destroying his crop was punished by confiscation of his land. I visited one large temple, with grounds extending over several acres, which had been so confiscated: the land was marked off into lots, which had been sold or rented by the authorities to various schools and institutions for use as vegetable gardens. Rewards had been offered by the Chinese authorities for any poppy plant discovered in the district; and this had led to many cases of blackmail, chiefly by the soldiery. Rumours had been rife in Tsun-yi as to the scope of the official inspection. One rumour had it that I should make a house-to-house visitation, and should severely punish any person suspected of being an opium smoker. As a result of this rumour, many opium smokers had fled the town a day or two before my arrival. Another, still more ridiculous, rumour stated that Great Britain was arranging a peaceful acquisition of the three provinces of Szechuen, Kueichow, and Yunnan, and I was the pioneer to make the preliminary arrangements for taking over the provinces.\n\nMr. Olesen was on the point of making an extended journey in the north-east of Kueichow province; and I asked him to be good enough to let me know what conditions he found on his travels. He informs me that from Sze-nan to Chen-yuan, conditions were much the same as in the Tsun-yi district—drastic official measures for suppression of the poppy crop and severe punishment of those disobeying the official instructions, the death penalty being inflicted in a few cases.\n\nThe road from Sungkan to Tsun-yi had been one continuous triumphal procession. Every village and town was decorated with flags, and triumphal arches of bamboo and evergreen were erected in the streets of the larger towns.\n\nI was clearly on the expected route. I had, however, satisfied myself that no flowering poppy had been seen, as stated in Chungking, and I decided to turn my road towards the west. It was fairly clear that the Chinese expected me to visit the capital of the province, and that the country on the way thereto would be thoroughly cleared of any poppy in anticipation of my visit. On the evening before our departure from Tsun-yi, therefore, I signified to the Chinese delegates my intention of proceeding westwards. The delegates at once came to see me, objecting to my proposal, and saying that the westerly roads were bad and dangerous, and that part of the country was infested with brigands, and that there were no villages large enough to accommodate our party at night. I brushed aside these objections. Where there was a path, we could go; where there were brigands, we had our brave escort; where there was even a small village, we would make the best of whatever accommodation there was. Mr. Shen then fell back on his \"face\"; how would he have any \"face\" if it became known to the Governor that he had permitted the British delegate to suffer such hardships and inconveniences in the province of Kueichow! I told him that \"face\" need not be considered where duty, however irksome, is concerned. Finally, seeing I was not to be persuaded, he mentioned that the Governor of Kueichow had made lavish preparations for my reception at Kweiyang, and was expecting me to arrive there in a few days, and that the Governor would hold him responsible for conducting me thither. I told him that in that case, I would myself write to the Governor and explain matters, which I eventually did, when I arrived at Anshun.\n\nMr. Shen now presented me with a map, requesting that I would mark off my route through Kueichow, so as to enable him to warn the various local officials to make suitable preparations to receive me. I told him that I regretted being unable to do so, as I myself did not yet know my route beyond two or three days' journey. I assured Mr. Shen that I was quite prepared to take the roads or paths and the accommodation just as I found them, and that he need not disturb his mind on those scores.\n\nFrom Tsun-yi to Ch'ien-hsi (98 miles), the country becomes rough and mountainous, the general elevation at Ch'ien-hsi being over 4,000 feet above sea-level. Hills are very rugged and steep, and the area is generally less cultivable than in the Tsun-yi district. As a natural result, the population is scantier and more dispersed; quite a large proportion of the inhabitants in the Ch'ien-hsi district are aborigines of the Miao tribes.\n\nI found very much the same conditions with regard to crops as I had found between Sungkan and Tsun-yi: beans, rape, and peas, with several suspiciously cropless fields. The best Kueichow opium was that from the Ch'ien-hsi district, and Sir Alexander Hosie, in his journey across Kueichow province some years ago, observed a considerable number of fields of opium poppy in flower in the Ch'ien-hsi neighbourhood. But all had been swept clean this year.\n\n63\n\nAt Ch'ien-hsi, where I arrived on the 15th April, I met the priest Père Fortunat. He was able definitely to explode the Chungking story regarding poppy flowers in Kueichow, for he himself had accompanied Père Grimard to Chungking on the journey which had given rise to the Chungking statement. Père Fortunat told me that in January, they had seen very many fields of young opium poppy plants, but none were in flower. Similar stern measures to those in other parts of the province with regard to suppression of opium poppy had been taken in the Chien-hsi district; but had there been no suppression, the 1917 spring crop of opium poppy in the Ch'ien-hsi district would have been a record one, according to Père Fortunat. The steps taken to eradicate the poppy crops were very thorough. After the crops had been uprooted and destroyed, the fields were ploughed and ploughed and ploughed again, so that no trace should remain which the official inspection might reveal. I understand that the Chinese Government had promised the death penalty to any magistrate in whose jurisdiction the official inspection should discover a single poppy plant.\n\nAs a result of the destruction of the Kueichow crop, Kuangsi opium was finding its way into Kueichow, and was selling at the high price of 3 taels (ounces) of silver per oz.\n\nPère Fortunat told me that many of the Ch'ien-hsi officials are regular opium smokers.\n\nPère Fortunat has been nine years in the province of Kueichow.\n\nHe told me that in his experience, the end of April or the beginning of May is the usual time for the flowering of opium poppy in the greater part of the province, i.e., in the highland plateau; and the middle of April for the few districts which are lower and therefore warmer; such districts are in the north-west and south-west corners of the province. The Chinese delegates evidently expected that I should proceed from Ch'ien-hsi still westwards to Pi-chieh and Ta-ting, and I was informed that deputies had arrived from the Taoyin of Pi-chieh and the magistrate of Ta-ting to welcome me, and to inform me that the Taoyin and the magistrate would meet me on the road on the following day. I had decided to change the route southwards, so I expressed my regrets to the deputies accordingly. My declaration as to route brought Mr. Shen to my quarters in a hurry. There was no proper road in the direction I proposed to go: there was an enormous lake to be crossed, and there were no boats; brigands were numerous, the Ch'ien-hsi magistrate had himself had a serious encounter with a body of them on the previous day; and, finally, Mr. Shen himself was not feeling well, and the hardships of such a route would be too much for him. I expressed suitable regrets for all these little difficulties, but announced my intention of at least starting on the route I had prescribed.\n\nMr. Shen's forebodings were partly correct; there was nothing that could be reasonably called a road over most of the 30 miles which separated us from my objective—a town called Ch'a-tien. The enormous lake turned out to be a tributary of the river Wu; we scrambled over it with the aid of two or three small cockle-shells of boats. But it was one of the hardest day's marches of the whole trip. Heavy rain did not improve matters much. Our last 7 miles were taken over very rough hilly country in pitch darkness and pouring rain, and I was glad to squeeze into the shelter of a very inferior temple at Ch'a-tien.\n\nFrom Ch'ien-hsi to Anshun (107 miles), the country was very rough and hilly. The interior of Kueichow is a highland of an average of 4,000 feet in altitude, with myriads of conical hills 1,000 to 2,000 feet in height, covering the highland plateau. It is through, round, and over these hills that the roads and the path tracks go.\n\nOn the road between Ch'ien-hsi and Anshun, I saw many fields bearing signs of the recent removal of crops; in some fields of mixed crops, rape and barley intermingled; there were occasional signs that a third plant had originally been sown with rape and barley, but that it had recently been uprooted and removed. In the neighbourhood of Hsiung-chia-chang, such signs were frequent, and in one or two places in the hills, I observed still smouldering fires which had been used to destroy vegetable matter, and I could not but suspect that the vegetable matter had been young poppy plants, in their vegetable existence.\n\nAt Anshun, I met Dr. Fish, of the China Inland Mission, who is in charge of a special hospital for the aboriginal tribe which is particularly numerous in the neighbourhood of Anshun. Dr. Fish was of the opinion that in the immediate vicinity of Anshun city, there were no opium-poppy fields in plant, if indeed any at all had been sown, and this was borne out by my own observation. The crops round Anshun were legitimate enough, and there was an absence of the suspicious gaps in the fields which I had observed further back on the road. This may have been due to the...",
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    {
        "id": 490035,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "page_number": 526,
        "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "## Enclosure in No. 29\n### Vice-Consul Smith to Mr. Alston\n\nSwatow, April 18, 1917.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that, in accordance with your instructions, I left Swatow on the 19th ultimo, in company with the Chinese delegates, on a journey of investigation into the cultivation of the opium poppy in Kwantung, and returned to Swatow yesterday. All preparations for the journey had been completed several days beforehand in Swatow, but no start was possible until after the arrival of the delegates from Canton. The time at our disposal for the journey was only about a month, as the poppy harvest is practically over by the middle of April.\n\nThe Chinese officials who accompanied me were: Mr. Lam Hi Chow, the chief secretary to the Ch'ao Hsün Taoyin, who was the representative of the Ch'ao Hsün Taoyin, the principal Chinese delegate; Mr. Kum Yung Fan, the secretary to, and delegate of the Opium Suppression Bureau, Canton; and two interpreters, Mr. Hoang Tsou Yn, English and French interpreter to the Civil Governor, Canton; and Mr. Lau Wai Chi, English interpreter to the Chao Hsün Taoyin.\n\nThe principal districts in which the opium poppy was previously grown are Chieh Yang, Pu Ning, Feng Shun, Ch'ao Yang, Ch'ao An and Jao Ping, the two latter in a much less degree, but nowhere have I been able to discover a single plant. The information received at this consulate from Chinese and missionary sources was to the effect that very little, if any, poppy had been planted in the autumn of 1916 in the Ch'ao Yang, Chao An and Jao Ping districts, in the east of Chieh Yang, the east and south of P'u Ning, and the north and east of Feng Shun, and that what little had been planted had been uprooted as soon as the shoots appeared, none being left growing at the end of the year. This claim appears to me to be fully established by the fact that all the fields I passed through in these districts were in full cultivation with winter crops, such as wheat, hemp, sugar-cane, &c., the sowing period of which coincides with, or is earlier than, that of the poppy, and the cultivation of the opium poppy would, therefore, appear to have been completely eradicated from these districts.\n\nWith regard to the western half of Chieh Yang and the adjoining portions of P'u Ning and Feng Shun, all reports agree that much poppy was planted in the autumn of 1916, and that, owing to the supineness and carelessness of the magistrates, who were simply place-seekers who had bought their appointments from the local revolutionary Government, and also owing to the unruly character of the Hakka inhabitants of the country, a great deal of the poppy was permitted to come to maturity, and the scraping of the capsules had commenced. Early in 1917, however, energetic magistrates were appointed from Canton, who personally conducted the uprooting of the poppy plants throughout their districts so energetically that, by the middle of February, practically not a single plant was left. The amount of opium collected as part of the first scraping only is said to have been but a very small percentage of the expected main crop, none of which was harvested, while no seed can have been saved for the next autumn's planting.\n\nThese districts I investigated very thoroughly, visiting all places where missionary reports stated that opium poppy had been seen growing, but was unable to discover a single plant. The winter crop in these districts is mainly wheat, for which, during the past seven or eight years, opium has been largely substituted; and though wheat was much in evidence, numerous bare, uncultivated plots of land showed where the poppy had been pulled up too late to permit of any other crops being sown during the winter.\n\nThe Ch'ao Hsün Taoyin, Mr. Wang Siao Cho, though unable, on account of his official duties in Swatow, to accompany the party throughout, visited us at Ch'ao Yang, Chieh Yang, P'u Ning and Ch'ao An district cities, and at Ung Kung, in Jaoping district, to satisfy himself that all arrangements for the journey and for our convenience were being satisfactorily carried out. As a suitable chair was not otherwise procurable, the Taoyin placed his own private chair and bearers at my disposal for the whole journey.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nS. WYATT SMITH.\n\n## Enclosure 10 in No. 29\n### Acting-Consul Toller to Mr. Alston\n\nNingpo, June 4, 1917.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that on the 23rd April I met, at Nanking, Mr. Yu Shou-chang, the deputy appointed by the Governor of Kiangsu for the inspection of the province, and on the following day Messrs. Chau Hang-nien and Mou Chia-yo, the delegates of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and of the Interior respectively. The Governor of Chekiang had also appointed a deputy, Mr. Chang Chin, the headmaster of the Middle School here, who accompanied me from Ningpo. This appointment was probably made because the Governors of Kiangsu and of Chekiang are brothers, and with the idea that Mr. Chang, whom I already knew well, might serve as a mediator between the Kiangsu delegate and myself in case of any difficulty or dispute, but I am glad to say no occasion for his services in this connection ever arose.\n\nFrom Mr. Giles I learned that the former opium-producing regions were in the country north of the Yang-tsze, generally known as Kiangpei, and that the only territory in which there was any likelihood of poppy being found was the Hsü-Hai circuit. Mr. Ottewill had kindly furnished me with a copy of his despatch of the 25th March last, and this together with the information which he gave me in Chinkiang from reports made in 1915, also indicated the northern part of the province as the area to be investigated. I accordingly arranged with the Chinese deputies to start our tour from Hsüchowfu, for which place we left by train on the 26th April, arriving at midnight the same day.\n\nThe following day was spent in making preparations for the lengthy chair-journey, and on the 28th April we proceeded to Hsiao Hsien. In this district we also made a circuit through the hilly country to the south of the town towards the Anhui border, striking across the ranges of hills that radiate from the town so as to examine the sheltered valleys, which were the most likely haunts of the poppy. I also climbed the highest point in the group, in order to get a wide view over the surrounding country.\n\nFrom Hsiao Hsien we went to Tang-shan Hsien, covering the distance of 150 li in a day, keeping near the Honan border—indeed, for a short distance our road took us through Honan territory. Tang-shan was, in the past, one of the most noted opium-producing areas in Kiangsu; it lies on the borders of three provinces, so appeared to be a district where, perhaps, the repressive measures might be less effective than elsewhere. We accordingly made an excursion into the surrounding country, visiting the fortified village of Hsieh Chi, on the border of Kiangsu, Shantung and Honan, and returning by a different route.\n\nOur journey was then continued to Feng Hsien and Pei Hsien. Between Feng Hsien and P'ei Hsien we did not take the direct road, but made a detour to the south in order to get from Hun Shan, one of the very rare hills in this locality, an opportunity of surveying a wide area. From Pei Hsien back to Hsüchowfu we also made a detour to the east with the object of examining the country bordering on the Wei-shan Lake.\n\nThe second stage of our journey took us from Hsüchowfu to Haichow, through Pi Hsien. From Pi Hsien to Haichow we travelled by a small road close to the Shantung border for the greater part of the way. This led us through the districts of Sutsien and Shuyang, including the country north-east of Yao-wan, where it was reported, in 1915, that a good deal of poppy had been planted. We did not visit the towns of Sutsien and Shuyang, as I was anxious to keep away from the main roads as far as possible.\n\nThe information received from the members of the American Presbyterian Mission at Haichow, who travel a great deal through the country on motor-bicycles, indicated that Kan-yü, to the north of Haichow, was not formerly an opium-producing district, and that there was little object in visiting that magistracy. As Kan-yu is, so to speak, a cul-de-sac, and a journey through the territory would have taken three or four days, after which we should have had to return to Haichow, I thought it better not to waste time on a visit there while there were important areas further south still to be inspected, so from Haichow we proceeded to Kuan-yin, which has been a hsien only since the revolution, and was formerly known as Pan-p'u. Here it was reported, in 1915, that a very large quantity of poppy had been planted, we therefore, in addition to traversing the district from north to south, ...",
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    {
        "id": 500971,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 6,
        "title": "CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "164\n\n10\n\nCLEAR OUT THE BOLSHEVISTS.\n\n(Continued from page 5.)\n\nThe effect of this action by the Canton Authorities has been to cause a complete stoppage of the Export of Sugar from the Colony.\n\nNo Question of War.\n\nLord Hailey's Speech.\n\nThis Colony is not threatened by possible rain.\n\nAfter our long waiting we are relieved.\n\n(Loud applause).\n\nStarving Out Shameen.\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1925.\n\nTo relieve the situation.\n\nIf present measures are serious and urgent need, and say delay in dealing.\n\nTheillers Railway Government has taken the base of 20% of the\n\nthe latter part of the telegram, retaining the wording generally.\n\nHe pointed out that they could not possibly have the information to support those here whose interests would be reduced to ashes. Bas-Government officials, Mr. Boulton declared.\n\nDuring my visit to Swatow, I will most certainly be influenced by the Hongkong Government, and the rate to and from Hongkong, and I will venture to say that such intervention was one gentleman referred to Hongkong.\n\nHave a far larger problem to face by Russian officers. All this revenue is derived from the\n\nat Canton,\n\nDantun.\n\nard\n\ninterests\n\nA Speaker Heckled. Mr. Somerset Fitzroy\n\nCanton authorities!\n\nCleveland Nat. Rosevelt.\n\nWhat can we get there, for the reason that at that it is a source of wealth to the\n\na strong majority Government, may I understand has that a further meeting for the purpose of protesting against the\n\nUrest Britain but the time for talking is passed. cm gind is now second the resolution.\n\nattitude of drift, which is fatal to Europe would be silaze la 29 It a the time for action, for do-\n\nsaid: Sir. Lalies, and Gentlemen, strong action in this canter. Fur over two mouths we have\n\nThe telegram we are asked to send is plain.\n\n31 appeals to the\n\nSwatow's Voice.\n\n\"The, let us have the blaze\" ait is extremely unfortunate that support and abide by the decisions tion.\n\nwith confidence that long ere¦ Prime Minister to have Treatica: Mr. A. Rogowan (Swatow)\n\nof that meeting, and desire near-manber of the audience shouted, thin crisis sheale kave arisen ut a\n\nand leave the Port of Canton mia, the strong representations carried on which are Imperative supported the resolution.\n\n\"He zara: parution in one cable. Gladly while nonther told the speak that time when la London we are try\n\nprovided they unit Hongkong which, we andarstood, were from for cor commercial prosperity.\n\nMr. Chairman, ladies eun gentle-share expere/\n\nhe was not discussing the acing to impress the Home people which still further destres Britissime to vinte eshted Hume by our stresses the fact that the present af haww been specially request-\n\nMr. J. R. Greig, who said he had firm but singly asking a series of questions,\n\nBritain by the Hongkong exbibit ion is an Ant of open, hostility Commerce would ensure spedy and\n\nthan thusa morths, and independent Steenber of Scouterne in Swalow basised the nerealty for taking\n\nVenezuela Cited\n\nat Wembley. In Great Britain go- to Great Britain and gray cient action by the Home Gay-of Yeking, are dolely responsible to represent them and to associate immoriste action.\n\nHe had hemn Afr. Fitzroy referred to whating to stand aside and see Hong- and deliberately violates her Trea-rament\n\nfor this hopet of British subjects, the British community in Swatowall wound the world and fled that happened at Verregels and satû kung revert to its forme fahing fles with Chink.\n\nWhen, in coteequence of sag tuns skipa, and goods, and the the Cen- with any rebutions reat to the Britain was the most hated nation the restle\n\nPER Wal President village and native huts\"!\n\nsu ihon public meeting of the 27th July, on Government have openly debate Goverment by fongong, throughout the world. That was Rosevelt within three or four let us withdraw Hongong from our telegram was sent to the For-\n\nolured their intention of destroy- Articla II of the Treaty of Tisutain hearse the was too lenient with days sent the whole American the exhibition.\n\nwign. Office by the Envenior, we had long by every nuans in the power, which opened Swatow and othes fire poovie with wegri she had to out there and Great Brivals had\n\nSingapore Scheme Useless.\n\nevery renaust to expect that at lasi Hongkong, its trade and prosperity Southern parts for foreign trade deal.\n\nfe is the rennet Celong to climb down,\n\nProceeding. Mr. Bonitoa refer- Bolts through Hongkong and of car Hanne Government would stop\n\nTheir challenge is quite plair and state the \"\n\nis amel that we have gut,\" the spaaker declared,\n\nIeed to the Singapore Base which Mr. Best: It is not true.\n\nthe port of British Piecsgouds This ingenti be Cap and du save grows daily more definite\n\nBritish subjects are permitted to and why hour not they protacije false,\n\nhe regarded primarily to a scheme into Craton and the interfa;\n\nMr. Fitzroy: The telegram gives a plain-state-tary on rate with wheessure in\n\nwas there and to add to the defence of Hongkong.\n\nthereby causing disustvous Jusaes\n\nof shipping earns, which they pleare and to propel to ani\n\nhelped to blow up the place. Mercantile Marine's Action.\n\nit Great Britain was going is 20- both to British and Chinees mer tord that no repis, and not even an speas for themselves, and tells the top'osrure with their vessels\n\nMr. T. 7.* Laureta, o the M. Best: The whole of it to fmain paszive in this matter and chants in this Colony and to the acknowledgement of our degram\n\nPrime Minister of the recent pro- and archumdise,\" which is The Phina Coast Offrers Guild, enid: klee.\n\nĮ seg Hongkong ruined through Bol- Expor trade of Lancashire and nearly a month ago, has been claustion by Canton excluding alley bound on with at the Chahman, ladies and yousie.\n\naly. teror in comlusion suidjabevist influence, then why not Yorkshire, which st result in recived here. Even as to the pre.\n\nDritish vessels from that port, and the beatles\n\nbetween. Great on. on behalf of the mercantile was entirely opposed\n\n13abandon the Singapore scheme and farther very considerable and ju-sent nothing appears to have been shy other vessels from Canton if Reitairy and China and theatrs marine I should like to say that at creating permanent becply done by the Home foveagent for they first call at 12 ageng.\n\nThis embrace the Treaty of Nonius meeting of the mastere and ment in Great Britain.\n\nor relie, and we are here now, proferation by Canton our tele- which is that British cubjenteneres hold on Thursday afterno: En, to express our strongest indiz-gram rightly deportives as \"ar gut with the trailles, and establish fast, it was decided that the follow.\n\nThe tante-Hongkong problem ination at sneh treatment for our of een hostility to Great Britains shall be allowed to reside for ing telegram should be sent to London.\n\n(Auplouse). The Colony's Defence Contribution, the rarese of carrying on their Secretaries who are entirely separate and distleet from Horse Government.\n\nWe tall the Prime Minister of molestation or restraint,\n\nDercantile parynis that in any other part of Chira Suck treatment is outragevas uril\n\nwithave Tis is very rect and lime felt the pulse of all the stand for pstalatiere and love Both vitally important, lee every effort nations interested in China and auf country and for my fellow men owing to the fact that Gantou doen intolerable treatment, and, failing disnatrons losses to British andare trentres have been corricials with Tuppertal go toungulse and is in robelitos eller shortly from the Ueme Gev-Chinese metchisiz by this a that and absolutely violated not only in Gulle, Marine Engineers Asenciale thought thes\n\nMorchautz Service peaceful solution of this problem. The world over, hit I annet clauid Leave tolerate this position the Home against the Central Government we must pursolves do what of the Cantos authorities and that\n\nMercanthie Maring Services Whatever action was reecssury to Government is taking up to-day.\n\nat Feking and that on Conferences we can in our own interests and to by promot action new pose Nasa) apin and letter bet in the in.\n\nhoid a: Peking on driff or extra-te interests of those dependent and Minars Ferran would speedilytics of them, and my personal Association and Navigsters and the flows Government who hail\n\nWhy should she remain so milent Experience has been that with the Sercial Insurere Comply tu prezzor knowledge of the anti so passive as she fe?\n\nThere territoriality or any other Ques\n\nHongkong hard is only vor excuse. We state the fact that is 25) Prent Boisbevist authorities in urge the Imperial Government to situation than tions can possibly assist this f\n\npaver they way he considerat take immediate action with regard (Disent).\n\n27 years residence here i hava i need not dilato upon what is years this Colons has remitted as rape of paper which have been to Canton and China general the last speaker and entirely over to spons about Hongkong.\n\nI have Colony in the retaulest degree in\n\nThe chairman remarked that heen to England twine and I like common knowledge- the deliberate the House Government a defence!\n\nPerther delay may be minous cas and heartless attempt to starve our contritation of 4 millions dullers, and de unt fuzelton.\n\nCanton Government legal.\n\nJacked the axplanation he had seen it grow solid, stolid and og in dully losses be this Clonthere and the uncooked, organiz- milion dollars. These defence oment of Canton has pat inte fone That, ladies and gentlemen, was for intervention should take, at Hoe know anything about\n\nShameau, mno with of our trude the 1924 contribution betas vi\n\ning a disastrous affect on the mer mede that while they made some secure and yet the strange thing cente\n\narine.\"\n\n(pause)\n\nsuggestions wä of inermeing 201 rukowa\n\nregard to the is that comparatively due people nagnitude: moreover for Brilia sud eurders tack\n\nupou adlitary equilations Hongkong very effective embargo the telegram ant by the mercather of course fully realised that Hongkong.\n\nAt one menting here Government debyy decisive Shades with\n\nSwator i British and Jay say are never behind. Ther soleiriter for the decision of bong as just aufheient la cover\n\nare boycottert. at Canton tu the future than that and gel inure, was told us by an taxes paid by our business men and What about it? Are we to accept Arst line of defence after your file Majesty's Government. (Au- the point of a poncil on the map\n\nexo-vitarse, Mr. Helstrom, the workmen to the Government, and these nuditions withee undest? Boyal Navy. (Angimuse).\n\nlevel. The meeting waa noij and that is hot Hongkong exista There is no question whatever wadish Consal in Canton, at bir contributed to by every tue of 25 (Cres of \"No\").\n\nThu trouble\n\npresuming to dictate to the one in the minds of musands and of making War on Chion bus aiment Isaturs.\n\nAt the same lenaedectly or indirectly, down to the started in Caufan and must he stil\n\nGovernment what they should de thousands of our fellow men and ply es ousting the present via M Mangowan, ay out and respect-tumblent coolie, and we can with Carlos. Cantor is avite Chairun, todies and gentlemen, but was simpis\n\ntoworen to-day. It is just the enily anti-British Bulsbetik faed resident of Swaton, cold how longer endure what we rightly das-separate and independent of the rise to eantess any digressent voice the foeting of the Colory: polat of a pencil,\n\nThey do not lion which has recently succeed-tast port, controlled by the Canon the to the Prime Minister as die Central Government of Pikity, with the latter part of the telegram that compling must be dure and realise, they cannot realise that it\n\nGovernment, eculd secure peace at present imolerable ed in seizing the reins of new intervals only, and by the payment and bevralt of the business of this unitors the Tieda are kicked stres down to what this wetita diplomacy of Prking had so far Britain of theeands upon bou- strangulate wat has been badly treated and it is aropand to rele. When we done quickly. Applause). The in a source of income to Great It may be added that such talenting some years, or millions and Colasy.\n\nThere is no possible chance of the proposes to send to the Ilome Gos-adately and entirely fabled and saves of pounds and that it brings We have \"carried ou\" here, ali resmpton of trade as before. The erment wil done amant 10? vention will be hadled with the wiilions of dots. Has Swator\n\nit was not realised that there trade and commerce and work to not so paid the town would have praise to car own men and acreen, tags of this trade will hit the Coley demands that the Britina Gov-was problem in the tooth, our fellow me gresiest suisfaction by the op pressed and terrorised people after, and the Chinese mex-and to those of other races we of Hongtans sary hard. harder crerunt deliver au ufignatum at\n\nda, hut shall we lo to awaken cheats therefore proferred to pay. have so unselfishly and cheerfully than many resise.\n\nBritish ijonce is the\n\nfr Rost who then wonted the Chem? Exception has been taken Apart from the facensestable\n\n\"demand.\" but I Mr. Macgowan fold of the inallest our serial services factud ping interesta are very large in Apaizare), Fase you stopped for Platform from the body of the hall is the word right of British subjects in se le nder of the Bush ling police, volunteers uit oder Swalew, while farge quantities of one money he thinks were the referred to Mr. Fiteroy's statement consider it is not strong enough.\n\nColony of every race to the pro-\n\nin Swatos, sad that any Chase difer. We feel we not British gouds are imported yearly-mags7\n\nBe We want words that wall makɛ all with regard to Yeugenols. a Vulcer \"No me to was clently thank every one of these All te has diy akcppet. I have stop (Laughter and applause).\n\nizely wrote in agley that Praiat least for this generation, thet tection of the Bravish Flag a deght speaking a Briton\n\ndeclared that the speaker was en-Britons reatine once and for all, frnce of the provisions of the severely utahed, Acy sangan men\n\nwonzey. (Applause) much pleasure in supporting this You are recognising a belligerent, dent Roosers sent the American Hongkong is a tremendous asset, 5 Retou was burned. But such services are the duty of telegram to the Price Minister, and Can you point out any time in the Treaties between Great Britain akt and Charma, thus Colors has by its Swatow k cil instractions the Government, and the over. I hope prompt action will be taken lustery of the British nation when\n\nCanton; the void of the trelement is paid the taxpayers of the flame wiborities to stop it as weugnised a twopeury half end who was in power. Langheading interests in the Best repeated convidscable defence cron tribution for the past 2 years as a Canton, and waless woad Hongwong to perform Paese duties.\n\nthis reign of terror in Routh China, penny belligerant? aquired a right to the active supranged in Canton there could to when for our payment to Govt should he to say that if say al-gita bask to the\n\nEr and applause). President that Britain dres not relia port of the British Government and improvement in Swetow. We erament of dai millious yearly, we tack is made on Carton, a similar when the\n\nRocrevat would ever have done it and ventise it soon through those Souths wha fighting auch a thing. Suci d-fence untrutionz atownten easily imagine the ict of our require tall protection of ane lives shack should he made on Swalow. Jesinst the North, when the whole ceeded to give the history of the the north, she looks like coming The speaker pro-red hats, those red heads from Altogether during de period to one and children in the Treaty and property, and full protection because, unfortunately. Swatow if that Continent wax is the great Verczucia tremble pointing sat very near to losing it tha sum of 4 milion dollars, the posts under these conditiona: to tende with any bi accordamen in Kearatony and just now emire throes of war. Did the British that it was all over a guid Arid\n\nMuch Pay, Little Work, 1924 contribution being the record the refused a cup of roll or with her treaties.\n\nly under Rad rate (Appinuse).\n\nĮGasorament veroguise them? Not! Amount of 4% million dollars, and even water for for sick and dying Immediate and Decisive Actio\n\nAmerica butige in and Mr. Boulton declared that since the there, A Shungen Speaker.\n\na bit of it. You have a small com have naturally been couridered by child. She and her child wight\n\nHongkong, with its long ni\n\nbegan as usual with a lot of big 1922 strike the Chinese workman thie Colony as an Insurance Fuse for want of the bare\n\nMr. C. B. Pearock (Shameen): audity when you pay are aging talk. (laughter). \"That is about was not worth 50 ger cent of what contribution to the lome Govern-\n\ngentie- contrary to Peking. You have for the urotection of the rights artes\n\nment for protection, has been built Mr. Chairman, ladies and\n\nsm going your treaties with Chipp. Where they are any use for the he was ten years ago. Bomele secured to Eritish enhjoete\n\nup by British and allied enterprise then, I am afraid I\n\nor other Bolshevik, Socialism arð | speaker declared amii iughter. Treaties with China.\n\nwhich the Canton autheities would and work. Thousands of disappoint you in what I have to the proper place to get The\n\nMr. P. Boulton said the troubio Communison had got inte redbe na. They world bring us workers, the class which helped to say use in Shaman we have place where the Foreign Office which we had passed through thecus gud now they were sur to get to the are condition as Caatamake these millions of contrition not yet had an opportunity of going at the present moment. There lage tre months, two years, ten as much as they could for as little\n\nAccordingly the residents of itself, and of Bluesin, which is rare now, through the action of the reading the telegram which it is one, and only cue channel years and more justiced the as possible.\n\nHe heartily supported This Colouy at a great Mass In- state of anares, brutal des Canton authorities out of work proposed to send to London. As tough which we can deal and sertion that British interests and the resolution and again phasised dignation Meeting demand that the Sotism, cring, proverts and atter here at are forcibly detained in a rate I can tell you that so for that is through the diploratie: British quahties of justice, to- that unless Great Britain realised British Government deliver arratser\n\nCanton where they have lost or as the attratten there is regeerned, harnes of Pelting.\n\ntegrity and bonusly bad bass ciao. the situation quickly sad teak At this point thure was con cen robbed of all their little we are still cooking war on food,\n\ning down due to the fnci Mat Jar-promet and decisive action, Bong- ing the years of piracy, marder kong would be raïvod. The policy of Canton is frightvinga or capital, that and their doing our wo washing. pisaning siderable dent, and one of (A) To restore Capton us an\n\nThe Chatman, replying to Mr. Oper Treats Port for Tracefulness, terrorist. The authorities Families being dewlute. As the our own house and duing to beat the audience shouted \"Go and outrage, carried on droogh-\n\nI want to the West River and see what out the Chidon delta, Britain had Peacock, who asked whether the between Chinese and the bere have applied these methods Coutua cauilenge to us neartes Chaugster).\n\nthe-amplify the Charmeen's opening Teklog can do” amid laud cheers. Dever effectiveh Jutervenud and regulations regardius akipping were Foreign Treaty Powers to ruin tangkong, but have so tur accomplishmen Britons\n\narticle Ma. Fitzroy: Let me go on alto-day was the linaz. One cen-affleial, said thai Sir James Jamie.\n\nnot understand, Mr. Boulton pre-jsen had addresSEU full accordance with the failed, for Hongkong is not Russia elves and their allies woust also be remarks in regard to the\n\nthe Foreign Provisions of the Tresting or Ching, and we are not Russian thrown out of employment here, under the heading of \"Sir Jamestite farther,\n\n\"We are dealing with Canton in fceeded, how it in that & Govern-Secretary at Canton, Mr. We Hon- between Ching and those We depend for success aron indus oliriously, unless we obtain Jamieson\" in the Dallu Prean. The\n\ntry and absulate falmese, fastics adegante help now from the naye hain key aid you rectienlis other respects\" anusite: Interruptor most with such trenendous inter-nir challenging bin, to deny that Powers.\n\nesta 1 Britain has in Hongkong they were not official, and up to the (B) To expel ! Bolsheviks and generosity in all our dealings, and military forces--help for which word for word what i wanted to exclaimed.\n\nThere followed some disorder, to-day should remain pausive and present he had not received any tbefand we liave here a Government we have paid from the taxes of the and it is not ceressary for me\n\nOne early in the next few days Sir Kwangtang Province. not excelled in these resprets by people, we can pay as 44 million repeat it. I should like to during which the Chairman apseemingly indiferent (C) To disarm and disband the any other Gurement in the world, or any other samt to the Govers remind you, however, that a snopealed to the meeting to give the recall 26 years ago, when the New James Jamieson was likely to deat\n\narticle appesyed a few dayy later (apeaker a fair hearing.\n\nTerritories on the Kowloon side anther with the matter. For that sole Waypen College Syplause), and which has the conmeut in taxation, Applause).\n\nAnd has the British Gaverstoeat which was a gradging retractio) on\n\nwere given to Great Britiau youson, the Chairman said they Cadets who are in reality dence of all under er dag, rich) vome points and a poor attempt la Mr. Fitzroy Nar the ass! There was pure irable in the feh pastised in embodying the Russian trained troops, sed and poor alike. (Applause). We no obligation townude these work-\n\nTerritories\n\nA few mat shedstorms referred to in their telegram. send back to their native, shall therette defear a wanden als left destitute and towards Jussi ches, but they did thing you ask them to do is to\n\nwere huned down and if I recall Had the Carton Government seen places those who are tack upon our fade and liberties, thane who will be en left and shatish the atter from a Slamentira at the Bolshevists\n\nand shall emerge stronger andį we remain 2511 inactive while the merchant who is bore today pinot know the exact meaning rightly a few policemer were shot to deny imraedissly their receg- Cantonese,\n\nPerhaps some of you mean! There were considerable trozbie miston of that proclamation, it prouid But at what Cantos craitenge aereeds and of the Samen point of view that (D) To cease hoyent of British brighter than ever.\n\ngood workers, so to speak, perish? and inferusing them that we in the Chinese Roshevista, but at any with telephone communications cos have appeared in thus retegraal. Goods,\n\nJeost to us all!\n\nAnd, incentime, with the thou. Certainly not: We cannot and Shameen were not being for rate what you are ashing is that it did not last long. (E) To\n\ncare\n\nscapegoal. It may interest you lofts whole of thean paople shall bej The Trouble Spinthered. propagatio.\n\nEDH And intelligersahuti not do so,\n\nknow that the first article in the turned out I think I as hear in Voder Threat of\n\nworkers and merchants of all races! These people, and ali non-British Rongkong Daily Press was referred that an ero the ultimatonealation and a party from three tiers. There would be \"Complete Naval Blockade by wże stand by us ners, we cannot in the Cology, look to us and to our to by Mr. C. Wa,\n\nC who which was delivered to Serbis in different sturees was organised swer from the Canton Government \"Britain of Centon and Its continue passively to endure this Government for strength and help is\n\n11914 by Austria (A Voice: \"Non- to advance on the Territories. 1and when they pressed their for an \"net inbouring waters and/or Bloyeett with its murders, robberies, to them is this erisis and we must allest\n\nin the Cantonscher\"). It is the same sort of remember being ir. Telpu when answer the only reply they would \"such other zetion\n\nsand gross violation or treaty rights or fail then.\n\nadministration and who is believed thing that you want to destroy the Centers mounted the head of revs was that they had nothing \"Mejesty' Government may (Applause).\n\nOur Government must he urged to hos mederate with a very large the sovereignty of a nation and column which marked through to do with Vem but that it was We understand that sony foure: to prompt and vigorous action following. His chicrease to this take it by force. Very well, how the village. The ag was host-party a strikers' proclamation. The Ultimatum should also state fielegrants have been sent, either istua Retion weig, I think. bral article, I think, speaks tac itsell do you propose to do this wicked, a royal salute of 21 gets fred i\n\nSir Henry Pellock Administratiere our Governor to the Coloria 64opreted 5 All Chinese and other He referred to it in a speech ou\n\nSir Henry Poleek: Mr. Chair- ruush he established at Canton Cfice by one Chamber of Cora-non-British here of both the work August 175h in Canton. Il a situa- ve sort your allimatum (A and from that day to this there.\n\nValee: \"Send 3 telagem,\" has cover been any trouble in Tan, ladies and gentlemen, I have ing and merchant classes, and, as tien of this kind I think the greatest (Laughter. which will observe no the fall all merce to the Foreign Offer.\n\nExactly, but that ki. (Applause) Now an-made two in thres apecches ou the existing Treaties between Chios; We sun iso assured, and can stated in our proposed telegram, care should be exercised by the is not whac WC are disticipate that if something like had subject of the Canton trouble dar- and the Foreign Powera.\n\nquite holteve, that our local Cham \"scab intervention by us will be Hongkong newryapet in regard to ussing at the present comment.been due during the years of ing the past few weeks and I de It is the unanimous aginter offer of Commerce, and especially balled with the greatest satiara what they which. (Hear hour). We are sending a telegram in fronble, the rents of discontent not intend to repeat wyself this this Meeting that Brinsh inter-nur Governor and our Chairman, ou by the oppressed and terrorised Indications of disuntion, as the wich we are wearing the func-which this Colony has endured, evening, I should like, noverer, veolica is the\n\narticles dulce, merely give contions of the 17 Government. in Caston would never have been to mention one or two new poluts only effective have done all that possibiv coal pole of Canton.\" method of restoring communies [be dune. Indeed, i believe that thoj We tell the Prime Minister that dense to the other side and truke which we say the Home Govern what it is to-tap. I maintain all which have recurred to me. The tions and trade between Hong-labours of both have been unit at this great masas judiquation meet car battle sil the harder. (AD-rent are totally incapable of doing if the Bolshies bad realised the fire is a very interesting historics! kong, Canton and South Chirie aud ting in our behalf. (Applause). jing we dead immediate and de-plause).\n\ntheir job despite the furt that we firmness of the power of Beitian point which I looked up this after- of preventio tae economic But they have apparently failed fejsive action by the British Govern- Support from Fonchow, Jare told they are brasted by every- they never would have attempted | noon, and it is iu connection with destruction of Hongkang and of and we, the parle of Hongkong, meat, \"Dervind,\" Fix. is a strang The fileman then read the fol-body. We propose to do by to have planted themselves in the what is called the second war of British interests in the Treaty and new asked to cable our case word, Bat, in car gremstances loving telegram, he had received establishing a hickade by navalety of Canton to work their China\" in 1867. The casse Porte of Swatow, Anioy, Foochow | divert to the Prime Ministry who, ant entirely in schord with it. If the Fuochor Chamber of forces of Canton (Bear heart-ruinous tropazendo aguinal ue. that war was as follows: There And South Chura.\n\nhimself a business man, and withiam in aword with the whole of the Commerce: \"We welcome news Does it ever occur to you that' (Applause). As a 27 years real- (Continued on page 11.)\n\nThe Ultimatum.\n\nby\n\nultimatum at once to the Canton\n\nAuthorities.\n\nfrani SARDA\n\n\"ensider neessary.”\n\nhista Chinore\n\nAu-British\n\nHS\n\nDeces\n\nAnd this is the condition\n\nsande\n\nA Policy of Frightfulness.\n\n<\n\nprobably one\n\nטיין\n\ntho\n\n\"Nonsense.\"\n\nTake eivil\n\nyay\n\nthat time it was President Clare-nation, that it is the key to sil\n\nthcit\n\nThe General and Adaurai were la\n\nMr. Bertil Helstrom declared that the Cautog Goverment were\n\nbehind hiding themselves\n\nLae\n\nYo wit-\n\nof\n\nCLEAR OUT THE BOLSHEVISTS.\n\n(Continued from page 10.)\n\nMACAO NOTES.\n\nPORTUGUESE NAVAL FORCES.\n\nOur Con Correspondent.:\n\nwas a certain bost named the Arros comanded by a\n\nBrition captain and menned by a crew ol Chinese which\n\nMacau, Asvist 24.\n\nGuilherme 1veny\n\nCommander was selling in Perras at the Portuguese cruiser\n\nValedictory,\n\nSOUTH CHINA\n\nMORNING POST\n\nCUQUETTING WYIH BOLSHEVISM.\n\nCLARING DISCREPANCUSS AND INCONSISTENCIES.\n\nBg J. R for the\n\nS. C. M. Plat.)\n\nrenk\n\nthenight\n\nWEDNESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1926.\n\nBULSHEVISM IN CANTON, OPINION OF THE CHINESS.\n\nNot Mind to the Menace\n\n.\n\núť\n\nIt is a\n\nApes-balipenny stomp\n\nqof the world's richer in tantury and commerce and munstry wil ouer\n\nthe studurls and dissatisfaction, POINTS ABOUT HONGKONG. Jar Jnker i to destruction. Then\n\nwithin lite workers, and clearly! it is the opportunity of the prude\n\nGerezand that the Boishavets -\n\nTHAT YEHEN. tatiane ar wordmen of the world bel\n\ntead o\n\nCover their violation step in ani lake over the govern! Le spirit with the anavarde.\n\nOne frequently copies aerosy & met within every ti\n\nment that strikers have the auto-reference to The noder ermits have resterday. It is apparently a copy or parties they have reasons to op-\n\nTac lowing letter reurbed us inge of refusing service to persons and is is a non praatine, though\n\nHongkong, China, the ordinary way under the werepublics is beer, appointed Con-]\n\ntinue war again unchained an Great of a lever addressed to Han. Mi pore or disagree with.\n\ncantile marine flag. That Bag woa marder in Chief of the Portuguese critical paalysis of Tolcheviniz, matkab Ulustration of the acner!\n\nI make no prebusion of writing a war in Buspe a sroviding a P. D. Holyoak. for it ronds:\n\nan entirely wrong and costly one. to aldress letters in itis Fashion torn down by some Chlaese cffcial Naval Forces in the Far East. pricking all its tabbles of fallacy wf Marx's practition\n\nWe are admit that Bolshevism Hongkong, as is often pointed out and trampler under foot and from The Gift Esues, the Portuguese ami impracticable aspirationa\n\nHengkong. Avgust 25, 1995. At So while wardly. the Boise-Mase Meeting, Hongkong Rederiz. Teking and those in other capitalet at a letter there fan it does To P. H. Holyoak. Esy., Chairman, meurs and that the authorities at British Colony, and it costs no re\n\nwill reapest no diplomatic setite not a part of tha that single treident arose the transport, is due to-gorrow, to be thint I attempt to do within theviste argue, their way in wegent out be-- avcond Chign war, which is vervi followed, i understand, by other scones this series of articles Sa tobali of the workmen, the property i vesidents in Hongkong, we wished with the local situations in Sauch other often referred to as the Arrow war. units of the Portuguese navy.\n\nOur dear Sir--As temporary have but been thoroughly acquaint frein on end of Lepdon to the sonin the misformed with solens clar, the movement in vanity in In connection with that, I might\n\nThe offres of the Naval Foresta pitfalls and spares sufficient a gigantic ble for the emancipatie sure through you our friends out- Chire. say that in those days there were at Mano bave been entertained on\n\ndone the wick Another mistaken to convince the radicais in this por.cf the whole of making Tu vltimate Side Chaton that the people of\n\nCantonese Not Inactive. such things as talograms or several occasione during the past prasnat fer cannot change the car and the catablishment of a gecine of the apperching danger of us to point out again that the thus \"Hong Kong.\" In a letter to suting is the soiting out of the tion of Chins that Reichevism in the action of all cases within romery vangtung bave ust been unaware, Instructions from home, and the law daya in Mace, lo honour of\n\nIt may be of interest to you for nord Hongkong in two syllables- Govamar of is Celery at that a arcival of the Republice.\n\nof contemplary Etical decuracy have been the win this! Boisbevis and have in the last people of Kwangtang are not at all the serve with ference to his time, Sir Jeha Bowring, gave\n\nI dare to main in the Bolsterisw. urier to the then Admiral to gu\n\nWhether the Boltw years repeatedly, unceasingly native to their desire to oust the reatly published book de Luss ahead and the Admite went ahead and kindred services are a lun-damage to Crins, materials and The Siberists lar maintain chat pay all unjust and unreasonable seating inertia has he fored by Mast as read of Leigh and Orange\n\niam can only do a gent deal of izin to do is ezether question.\n\nThe Chater Collection, \"Mr. James Ws are rumurimes inclined to meer cheon in honor of Mr. Meireles exacialks, and cae eomplish unthing tus capitalis have all the advantaxes whenever poscite and, a circonstances they are still unable points our list throughout the book.\n\nagainst ni rafal arts, refusing to from their territory. the thetri at what we call eatly Victorian Vasconcelos, Director of the Trea of constructive value in all ages of anperior education, diei-lehad once, get the Bolshevis arms to overoane, and that, as soon as except for quotations, Hongkong is day Lord Palmerston was then suy, at the Garden of Mr. LaBolleva a contend movenwet plis maitsey elect an every-to me in our earlier struggles necessary and proper arrangementer, 34 cis word, for the panca Prime Minister and his action was Lit-ok who is leaving Macao et ventras a gonerat earth thous at Meir disposal Ther-fore we had not received say arors er are posfected, nonstory stops will mation in the Hongbing Geor challenged in the House of shortly, having been promoted re-¡queto in the political world mans and he weat ic\n\nthe leazsition from Capitaine to material sacncrayanent from vat- be taken to teenvet the power and went Questa of Juan I general į raty re Cape Verde.\n\nelection on that incident, and was) in tog pravicua articles 1 are Comunion acrveserily inside. French Properly At Knuten.\n\nreturned to power with\n\nItoushed but lightly upon a fan of the fierce and hitter struggle të penis,\n\nthe government now surped by a Ex the ne a lugel lette has vast received in mais features relating to the exto come. Anjority. (Applause). Gentle Macao From: Canlon stating that trene doctrine of Bolshevism. Buf\n\nOur poupe of Kwangtung realize arty of Bolabevists who nove of Home.\" men, 1 must admit that i am amazed the students and their friends have cons ook has been braught|\n\nand the Tera is the elose relationship and natual spoble persons inside or questde sed in the colony of and by Tu the Way. that the British Governent has completely creuptut the genusd sur- forth, boyster, to show how Isnn. This was the reason why Lan cach other bewear Piston and Satereat and inter-doprudence on\n\nthe Repair of China recognize. nol yet come to the mist of this rounding the French Cathedral attirely fodifferent the Sasior leaders, and eves serious re- Hongkong, 2e fally content of of Bolshevists in places where for- ing in de colony.\n\nYear Indignation over the acts of the murervus compazzes sziginat local newspapery and in the title Colony, because Mr. Austen Chau Canten. Fais property does not the fundular basis tion, long, chstinate, desper the fact that further delay in the 6' interests as well as Chinese stizer boule a far back as the fire of belong to the Fenet. Mission human justice, bborts, law alte resistance of the exploiters, who return to normal trade wil result are affected and your desire to set nountry generally write Hongkong Fay said that he would not con- s pozerally supposed but is the order, in the buique sat sinister for many yours will Fet enjoy Beant in economie rain in all parts of an early restoration peace and as two sepuute words or connected new spars in his sider any queation in connection property of the French Gorestrment i kuptbody slov bare adsulod te msk.#antage over the exploited, 200- South Chins, are not blind to the dation, and we shall not hesitate to perinces and guts, equally com with the revision of tresties with and the letter expresses much in\n\nshitates the rule Never treachery of Bolshevista taking as you that we are not by any posed of wwe words, and not ? Bolaberian sa wwerapishat fort in\n\ntrade have our sympathy and agure with a hyphen, but ace of Chinese China until the Chinese Govet dignation that this occupation Russia and in the world.\n\nthis explosers spirit to the devi sneller behind the patricting of weans sing in our man and effort writion. mam had taken steps toʻpot au end should be permitted a cantase. I propuse in talt article de cussion of the vaploited myjority with.\n\nstentia on ona or iso other lend at making use of weir advanger to get rid of a curve and danger Kwanz-tung, or Shang-ii, for in ing questions pertain to the Como destinate title on juries hearsing joumakor\n\nurist movement, before pusting con of butle This method Elswrists had promised test ther parts of the world wherever\n\ney (the now cursing not only China but all stan in her articles, to fleeinstate the whokaale slaughter of peklish Coururin. Instead the Bolshevisus rasy he feand.\n\nThe ela of the Treasury at the revolutionary epicís of Polshereevwia can carry out what they fought the by veicing protesta epits and dangers of Rolshesin Crange,who will be amembered cat\n\nto the present aali-foreign aft-\n\ntion and had shows their ability) 21\n\nto enforce law and order and res- set for the treaty rights of the Powera. Well, gentlemen, I ca Daly understand that utterande f Mr. Chamberlain, or Foretgui Secretary to incare that he will inist at the treaty rights of th Powes including the treaty rights George, at present\n\nPRINCE'S PARTNERS.\n\nSEAMENTS DANCE HONOURED\n\nthat even revolatutory grant uns, aliats, acientists and intel-\n\nBY ROYALTY.\n\nTis\n\nRaval\n\nThe Ladies Pleased.\n\nHighness Prince serving OE!\n\nસં\n\nof Great Britain, are observed. Beard. M. S. Hawking\n\nnicht.\"\n\nThe Right iv Trade, Another statement, which shovid\n\nke to evole For 3 Atatement radi\n\nnex\n\nbation\n\nal simul\n\nSince Bolshevism has beende a\n\nthe well-known firm of architects.\n\nAltst\n\nCin\n\nan then Chen\n\ndoes\n\nM: Orange\n\nnot\n\nWOMEN'S FAVOURITES\n\nThousanda\n\naf diveritnating\n\n| vidvas unde of passion, celia and Icausis in Soviet Russis day be geda violence are not cháy incompatible/en they belong to the bennemin Passat propresor, who g all times; world care and is bringing suffer wone favour Finkettes shove all Iwith, but sien me at zereal it. class sul they are what the Itausinn./ institule time individualistio inr to a markand 4 should be other forms of laxelive rasdicipe the Chiapan cekiral and social mini f're on to say \"Telko Meshare clase to every courworwegian. The! Rosiroved sé a commoor enemy tu because they are daniy and finy,\n\nLet us ans for a montat pe B of pagiâniam, Instead they created! and the question of regoring a sanie pleasant attribute. make thi\n\nabout the two halves the\n\n(It's in the way\n\nme no opposition parly is\n\nThe Troia\n\nDictators started with the singa rankind wherever ay be sound. set as gently as deture.\n\na mikiose vilities. They tried to\n\nFastcnd!\n\nAnd the\n\nvince.\n\nameeten the breath, reliese Piles. SANG TAI PI\n\nOr Chemist, cr post free, 60 Representing Trade Maintenance cents the vial, fiber Dr. Williams'\n\nthe Russian Committee\n\nof Kwanglang Pro-Medicine Co. 60 Kiurgse Road,\n\nShanghai.\n\nTerminology. Let us be clear is que mlade, at Sevich Coverment fpican The hes now got before bit: the coasts! Lieutenant. F. N., is entering into Bolszign, about me of its berms railrendy of the country and soil!ead egy paved the way for a bus that of tinnal, poitical or ter-3\n\nath age of our demont ega borist Germans operates the cager war revolution. In ebeny shack nut tonch equally poster with men. Fegulatory which Lave recen3y the fe of a pavai miticer with äi! | sand their meanings have theragh; garettes uz the streets of 47tical renstur in every courtes Levi zitorial isaga or jurisdietic bean premalgeted in Canton, Of the seal and voi comradeship it important to emplaza th's point, The Government publiskan books Capitalista Justead shey used by via the people of Kwangtung are stimulate the vet, increase the To restore tally regularity, to July 15 the Tuted said: \"Tala iza for whuck the senior scrvive shows not a len we still hary regazina clueSYSYFTS\n\nremedy sick Headaches, bilirse at started by Aging dagsint\n\nteing likewise cursed by Golate; canky, vertigo. moment when Britisa noley must noted.\n\nnabilance, take a dear and definite slipe.\n\nAt the Serbu for sale o contasomarine watching with deep interrat the appetite un ald digestion, Pin wesome titres horses, kabels to culliossins capitalists from manner the people of Hongkong kottes are perfection. They keep Saturday 1st, he attended whole of the Coromast uwment, father, angs, tramour lines a firent Brigin and the United Mate will adopt to lessen evils now being the system cisan and cool, clear the thia potey is such that it romance held at the Seamen's menda fisalf to vibes and ledly stitute arranged by the Lower deck je\n\nfnamely, Bolshevism and Conping lies oil lids, fntests and with roses and the weath of a spread by Bolshevists in this part! skin of tiles and inches, 10 eucive corumca actformet of the flagship,\n\nunitark in e werd, the Sovie stie! muck the better. But the epon through the larger part\n\nand stayed Bolabeviam is derived from is a puremanent a well ea cupidavast continook They started be of Fire worldYours respectfully.\n\nof the thevik, meaning the aforisy, in of industry, a benker, and a me sibility for defending the preet and progare. hely by o\n\nsholisking Christianity. means opposition to the caiter saner evolu-chant garbined. Do wot forget that they produced a merkado revival, row seriously threatened British dent in the choosing of part-tionary social parts, the teemast of the and leaders are misber interests in Chixa les Ayst at\n\nof Christianity in His first was Mrs. A. Carsbeviki, mating the misoging, which profesional en foremost on the British Govern-zon, introduced by the M. C., and overdures the Czarist Govery agriculturiste or factory and\n\nfor terhesta, brople cer Mr. R. M. Marks and Mese, and hooome the Berents They con osy wield the dimurtively M. Hart\n\nGovernante Bolshevism enme into per gue and unta, respritčeniy d. norber of tea\" dances were goter in Brasia, thanks to a pecu- The Goverment is andor tic feature of the programme and a combination of cirrowtanens. Soviet Umon, which is dem into these . R. U. etered with during the Great War in Europe. by a \"all opinionated, curgeat: He, Bridgeman, the First Lord enthasian; thus nearly all the Lean did not wriggin surreptitious group of people who conduci dio of the Admiralty, in anewer to a d'en prezent, had the much cavetrain in Decober, 1917, the fate of and pessants\" 1 urte saia in the fanove sealed taimeslip in the name of workers! question in the Hogan of Commons ad bacoor of partering rogalts. Pussis might have been far brighter Theu, there is no party in Sri an August 6th. Mr. Bridgens which was the more gratifyuz in and apper that loviny. said the aircraft carrier Hermes 15at the Penes in not my need trofe of Teuin might well\n\nThe stel Rosie, but lay act of Coni- had been despatchen to Chins and cellent dancer, bar a charming con- compared to Papierna Box, frran tuluraber her aircraft would be utilised fex verszalonalles, putting at ease in which hare bean les loose ste that there is no Parliament Patt It cessarily Follow taining and exercising the paradiately those whom the fortune evile that spread throughout Husin:eally art economically the fovict sonnet of the deer ait erm and, if the \" brought him. necessary, in co-operation with Hia\n\nfor the matter of that, all over the state is shalately anaipotent Majesty's naval and military forces in the resolution cutii bu reconciled\n\nworld, during the past seven seats. for the protection of the lives and that they should demand a cer several messings\n\nCommunism is a word te has\n\nIf you ask the Reds why there! property of British subjects. (A) define polier to be adapted, pivo it: Coronen riskip of prothe Seriet State, Nie auswor\n\nTitively should be such an omniveleace of clause). Well, ladies and gentiang vet at the same me declare paty: the abolition of privale prothéery is somethies, like this:| wen, I think we shall all zgree that that they left it to the discretion porty and state control of labour,ell. e Comumeist mozeworę the most important right of pro-ef the Dome Government as to religion. social elezions. perty widen we have out here in tow they sheall art. He asked sometimes it is need to deste a\n\nest go through twu ktages: the Far East is the right to trade the Chairman whether he would be theory of wciety, much surilar stage, based on the dominance of the (7) brandtiongi, terolatiouns suroth the treaty novia with the willing to modify the resolution 'n that of the exoly Chifiia in slate by the leaders of the working l'enor of Chr. That is a rigut, order that it might be made the which all property is held in class, sch as Rusia is w-day of wennerty far more important than unanimous voice of all preventi\n\nIt is also beef aquony nonsig same other rights of property we that the mantingarnestly dead with Sorialians In the sanac as it\n\n(4) a Communistic, clas-texs hear of, soch as the infringeant that the Goremecut should adopted in Randa. the word suns ponitury of catharity has sunither slag, in which the state as a m of a trade mark. 1 is a mithrona drastic pelley. He believe the work of Marx and Engels, pub Bon the Commanist Manifeabın” times es inaporist as any right of the meeting was entirely unanimous\n\nwhich is the fun! alage.\" a trade mark, and therefore we that they must take steps to tonery amunista regard that afforz\n\nThe writing that I hav The moder revue direct again Bolabeviews cebleed that, in the past, was the Home Government to their Bible, though Lenis kaŭ dezy ought to rely upon ar alle prend and decisiva netten. Nacy, in verionelen with any vil-]\n\naled and bem i's cardinal \"prised and social structure of the atte Visiont changer of ile politi. The Chairman intimated that he tary forces. to protect our very was quite prepared to adopt Mr.\n\nplen\" important lights of trading Men Johnston's view and the resolution\n\nproines vicient reaction, for a ni the Chinese at the resty peris and was therefore amended to read as\n\nrule, according to most auciologists, The fundamentals of Comuni violone social explosion will bring in trading through the weaty parts follows: neordingly the with the interior of Chica. (Ap-cents of this Celory\n\nwere examined by a shout exere har han And The at a great are who predicted that the crn of existing conditione in Mossta nes ikisi plarse) mass indignation macting, demand! Capitalism would crane to an ad by routine evidence of that pat There is juan mie other patio that the British Govarumeat imperson of the very contradictions 2 The \"oike\" the sheald ike to mute batera dietely adapts a drastic policy, as The consian he assigned for ita utitures who guztically deszinat icharvat in the nature of Ospitation ut novior, Komesey Stalin, dawn, and bat la\n\nthis. In the wa vecture to suggest, in the folio marc downfall are briefly these. the policies of the Russia Couperist eat war of 1914-18 Great Bri-ug ultimatum\n\nCepitelism with its hage organist Party, here aiready abandonat notite tain went to war benuste the treaty authorities.\"\n\nthm of sommaren and industry the of the quja \"prikupies” found in rights of Bellam aud been regarde Mr. J. Russel arged that the world user, aiting only at exploits the policies of the Bussian Comp ed as a more scrap of paper. Cap-siculd include in the telegram that tion of inhour, tends to create dis- and the Centrunism of Locin and plause). She railed upon her power abould be given to the local sontent among the proletarians of Proteks. How do we know that inj children at all parts of the world Government to deal with the situs-worker to come and joie to that war andition.\n\nWithin the political morber four years these \"prei slate, the capitalist are so poseifei mor\" may not be changed more and] Hongkong nably responded, (Hear After sotna further discussion with their animation of wealth more under the necessity of leas. Sarom handred men went the resciolion, as amended, was pati sad property that lay are in a pri proinine wish the exigencies of the forth front this Colony, many of to the meeting and carried and time dominate the government and tiran↑ whom made the great sacrifice. loud and prolonged chears. They made the groat sacrifice be Mr. W. A. Doutes, tu appealing utical, and totally destegend the cl This far we have obrered Soviet cause they were a part of the Bri- for enairibations toward the eine reasses of proletarians or Russia coisang of theas dienuator..\n\nsh Empire. They espoused beren suvolved, mentioned that the men de Berbund Rustel pute it\n\ncies; Bonde capitalion sú private! guaarel, and wo are asking Crent telegram would neet $1,200.\n\nnunoactly: Internally, is protects inlordien, bourgonis property- Britain to espouse sur quarvel now. A hearts vote of thanks to the the rich against she poor; oxtarazt ayub g and prival trading, as well (Applause). Surely the British Chairman concluded the meeting is uses tores for the evolaitatiores selling or signing away of mining. Government cannot are this\n\nof interior races, and for ongori concessions and much other right to urgert ery for help which we are The Feuch Police at Shanghai with other Stadoy\" Capitalistic nations sending out. Our need is grogh have succeeded in treshing what ice to Ma. Fussell, he is not a Dol The is no dictatorshie s the and prigent, and bar entre is just, might be called a factory for fabut bevist, he is far too wise a pollon.proletaring at the present, nether (Cheers).\n\n*100*1. The money bas bean diser to accept Bolsbesis was polis there the prospect of the doing\n\nributed largely auungst exchange ical unce\n\naway with the State and the coming! A Slight Amesiment.\n\nshops in the couressions, but follow- 1 Caputzikin or She capitaistic Tow mecasites of Breshevian\n\nof the fren visitly in the fronre The Rev. J. Horace Johnstoning disclosures by the arreated num, state is dovanć w virker sway in As far as the Gevement and ite asid he cosid not personally seentry of the proprietors wee alsoldige encore, bocause the arable of policine are concerned, may best in how the two statements contained' approbeertet for darling in the win. the capitaliste nations for partition summed up in the words of a keenly\n\nresi.\n\n213 the Canion\n\nshe is\n\nKarl Marx.\n\neverything nonamic, social and po-\n\nLo\n\n+ #\n\ne\n\nSi\n\nGillette\n\nMANA\n\nThe Well Groomed Man\n\nIs Properly Shaved\n\nH13 free shows no sign of beard and it is freeotirritations caused hy dull or improperly designed\n\nrazors.\n\nThe Gillette has always been an ac companiment of the well groomed man. Since 1903 its use has 2dicated good judgment--the mauuko appre saics the mumerous refnemesis in nazor construction which have made\n\nCilenc shave superior to sng whee\n\nThe New\n\nImproved\n\nThe New Improved Gillette does not siog with bair and lather. The blude is placed in exactly the correct position fo cut the hair evenly and level with the surface of the skin. And, finally, the blade is held so it does not vibrate and rerepe the skin.\n\nThese are the reasons why more than 3,000,000 have already bought the Now Jumpraved Giliette. You won't kann sitovi-gconfort until you ownone.\n\nbur aule at all good skaps\n\nBuren wện MULLER A PITIPPA! Limited Mesas Weltban, lions Anes,\n\nGillette\n\nSAFETY RAZOR\n\nMade in Most U.S. A by the Gillette Safety Ruzor Company\n\nPage 10\n\nPage 11\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST\n\nWEDNESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1925",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 500972,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 7,
        "title": "CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "32\n\nFOR THE\n\nSWIMMING\n\nSEASON\n\nWe are displaying an excellent range of\n\nBATHING COSTUMES\n\nRUBBER BATHING CAPS & SHOES\n\nSWIMMING FLOATS\n\nDo Not Fail to Inspect our Display of JANTZEN'S & JAEGERS'\n\nLADIES' AND GENTS'\n\nBATHING COSTUMES\n\nIn all Colours and Attractive Designs.\n\nThose Pure Wool Costumes are unexcelled for their wearing qualities, comfort and style, and they always retain their shape.\n\nTHE SINCERE CO., LTD.\n\nHOTCHKISS\n\nDON\n\nFALST BROS.\n\nKIRKCALDY\n\nHONGKONG EMPORIUM\n\nAN OLD FAVOURITE BACK AGAIN!\n\nConnoisseurs will remember \"DON\"- the favourite Scotch Whisky of Pre-War Days.\n\nNOW for the first time since the war, we can again supply DON.\n\nSole Agents:\n\nN. S. Moses & Co., Ltd.\n\nWhy Your Printing Should be the Best.\n\nMost people characterise the standing of a firm by its printing. Shoddy, or even mediocre printing gives the impression of mediocrity.\n\nAs you judge a man's character by his habits so do you judge a firm by its methods: its printing, its correspondence, the promptness, and its general tidiness in business.\n\nMake sure your printing is good, clean, and has that touch of distinction which a first-class printer makes his speciality.\n\nUp-to-date and good printing is executed by\n\nSouth China Morning Post,\n\nTel. 440.\n\nLimited\n\n3 Wyndham Street\n\nHongkong.\n\nSOUTH\n\nCHINA MORNING POST.\n\nTHE\n\nECONOMY IN HOME BUILDING.\n\nTHE OWNER AND THE\n\nARCHITECT.\n\nBy Oswald C. Bering. Published by Robert M. McBride Company, New York $5.\n\nWEDNESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1925.\n\nBUILDER.\n\nFOUNDATIONS.\n\nBUILDING PROBLEMS IN HONGKONG.\n\nMuch more general appearance\n\nThe timber pile, both squared and round in a \"tree shape\", have been the most greatly used in the past. These are driven in by a falling weight, or steam hammer, until a specified resistance at each fall is obtained.\n\nTo-day the timber pile has largely been replaced by piles of concrete, steel and combinations of concrete and steel.\n\nConcrete piles can be divided into two classes, viz precast and cast in position.\n\nMr. Hertug has added another to the list that may be met with by architects in the East.\n\nThe \"ground\" in Europe is one of the most important factors of shares and limits average matter, and in addition the conditions of space.\n\nThe precast pile is cast very much in a similar way to that of the thinner pile, and is generally made with a pointed end, and land reclaimed are so found by the soil, or a metal shell is driven into the ground upon completion of all the piling and forethought for back that they can ease to be carried through to an also be said, with safety, ground, and\n\nHe is never pre-in Great Britain, that old or bedding upon \"bad ground\" make a compromise when it comes to inferior quality is not usually a paying proposition, land being generally purchased at rates which are less than the cost of reclamation, or at less than the extra cost\n\nWith the metal shell as a mould, the metal shell covers a collapsible general pile cure, the shed and the raundiena sufit upon waslabic soil.\n\nArchitects seem to feel pretty strongly a lack of the paper of river-side warehouses and dock sititude toward their profession, and where low-lying sites, by their due both to ignorance of the lay Homes, base & valce in giving man, as well as over ambitious re-\n\naccuse on waterways and storage presentatives within the preïez-\n\natungarde. slur. Much space is devoted in this bank to emphasizing the importance of selecting a good architect, and what is more, excending\n\na bilding site may range from portance of rebitecturo as the Dig ind waa an art. I must be honoured with\n\nin\n\nold allowed to haraan, and dzisi\n\nThe precast pi'e la cast ven in a similar way to that ef the thinner pile, and is generally\n\ngood agricultural pie cast in position may\n\nJo\n\nend, and lande reclaimed are so fond by the soil, or a metal shell\n\nInto the\n\nupon completion of\n\nall the pianting and forethought for hack that they can ease to be\n\nWhere the earth forms be mould, at any heantau! thing that is spoken of as cocinimes worth being carried through to an also be said, with safety, ground, and\n\nland metal lobe la driver\n\ncompletion.\n\nHe is never pre-in Great Britale, that ocliving driving the tube, concrete is passed pared fo\n\nmake a compromise lard or bedding upon \"bad ground\"\n\ndown the tube, the tube being with-- when it comes to inferior quality is not n staally a paying propal-drawn as the couerote is placed. of materials or -guted dion, lana being reuerally pureba\n\nWith the metal sheli as a mould, the metal shell covers a collapsible: cunstances, he always indicates as than the cost of reclamation, meral ple cure, the shed and the a smaller scute, or simplified as ur et less than the extra cost\n\nraundiena sufit upon waslabic soil. Architects seem to feel pretty Tan exceptious are to the rase strongly a lack of the paper of river-side warehouses and dock sititude toward their profession, and where low-lying sites, by their due both to ignoranes of the Jay Homes, base & valce in giving man, Ax well sa over ubitious re-\n\naccuse on waterways and storage presentatives within the preïez-\n\natungarde. slur. Much space in devoted in this bank to emphasizing the mould mad, to hard rock, or six à bilding site may range from portance of selecting a good arritures varying between these two tect, and what is more, excending Mad, soft ground, or Ta pat fath in bi The aveti-\n\ning.\n\nTHA\n\nIvos sand,\n\nle care being driven into the quil, 5s pic care heirg collapsed when i rewnioz the necteurs depth, and removed, feaving the shell in the ground to form a road to take the concrete.\n\nThe slams for the metal shell are f that before placing the camareis.\n\nhe concrete can do seen, and that the near space to be recupied ly\n\nas the hole is Hired by the motul shell there is no risk of earth o\n\ntect ia a Dinette,\" says Mr. Hat ve of indefinite depth, or ground water becoming mixed with\n\nthickness of there untable soils, the concrete. safely carry the structur covering soi! sufficiently solid tej claimed Jun.\n\nand\n\nHe e insistent on necessity of the architect knowing\n\nOne syle, where the fabe is: his clients understanding their\n\nHe-driven and withdrawn as la con-i needs, and the actual human fac have hoen ased for the disposti of the monid, attaches great value areas which ereta is placed the soil forming tors of thefe problem. The lay-earth, and rebash, come under the to ramming the earth at the foot Tan does not usually balanced picture or the problending or soft ground, which the gile to an enlarged base, over-lie good firm soll before commencing the concreting,\n\n14%\n\na\n\nQuality\n\nTOP NOTCH\"\n\n\"KING GEORGE IV\" Scotch Whisky\n\nSole Agents:\n\nGANDE, PRICE & Co., Ltd.,\n\nHONG KONG\n\nFresh Air on Top\n\nWHEN it is \"set fair\" with\n\nthe thermometer in this eighties\n\nyou CRO awoly command a refre sehga\n\nbreeze from your\n\nand is likely is mopese plans that The sides of water courses are and the camming of the concrete Electric Fan\n\nare inconsistent.\n\nTactful and Firm,\n\nIt is\n\natten of sor 2. var-lying is invera to ratosal, as placed.) The architect must be tactful may a exist, that is, a pool for the plic, and irregular sides which good firm button. The opposite which results in a bulbuions font tel bat in his criticiser. asstatis?, therefore, saleet himmering mud, or louse soft before pay atop a taken in the plays, ar buiting, Indeed, to help\n\nWhere had greend iz met with. the actual selection of the site the normal footings obtained he\n\nis claimed give greater skin letion.\n\nConcrete, it good, as a materiai | tor piles can be spoken of as per\n\nis unually a mistaka to scrno-widening walls un piers. under manent, whether in waler or in the zize in the matter of the custheir base, by bedek esate and ground ur \"hetween wind end of bis services. A selection of pain concrete, may not he efficient water,\" the\n\nIt will keep you fit until holiday-time, and suszała you at concert-pitch afterwards.\n\nOne unit of electricity will drive a small jan for 40 hours.\n\npositiva destrac-THE CHINA LIGHT & POWER Co., (1918) Ltd.\n\nat.\n\nthe rebt man will mean considersstrecoure over aning arca bu retive to other materials. able economy in purcheses snoduce the load to the amount per 01 subject to rot, at construction laier, and a personal quare foot, Part the soli wil carber. And doe's 201 corrode as does\n\nrunk from wond barers, as is m and artistic interest lu results. Recourse has then to be\n\nmade\n\nchanges, us\n\n50\n\noften it has\n\nArchitect expertaily young to other methods, such as spread and steel, s has the nd ones, make the mistake very often footings, piling, rafts, caissons,ntage, that, however pamarent ef giving a rapid estimate of cost, cylinders, sheel pillow, are a com wood piling sy he, i constantly teiling what the exact date o hinatione of these, according to the\n\nsaturated, there is rot the fear of commation will be. An experi-pe of strucuri and the nature decay if the line of sturation anced maz is too well acquainted of the soil. with finetusiona te the markei, The spread footing is the ineen found to do. There is and unfavourable labour candi-iment of the aormal convete rage, 46180 the increasing difficulty, tions, and uncertain whether to to give additional bearing aves.\n\ntowing the depletion spook Sognaticely on any of these The normal courete foundation foreste, to obtain timber of targe M. dering abould be expabic of wider then the frickenk it up rete may be found to be chaper. matera. God architecte, sage to a watt or pier, being bat ute seartling and when large scantlinga are required, the first cost of con- estimating within 10 per cent of ports, is subjected to but little or the cost. t is recommend that ho tention. he let out contracting directly, in stead of placing this function in the alone of another.\n\nThere are many ways of series\n\ning ccenomy, \"Ruild economical\n\n, but never cheaply,\" says M\n\nHeria, Econcutez depend agon\n\nBy eulanging. It is subjected to\n\ntalle stress in the underside,\n\n(1)\n\nRafii\n\no\n\nRaft foundations have become care into use since the introdie-\n\nand to take up this stress,, rotted of reinforced concrete. Pre-\n\nsteel jufte are inserted or the con- areta is relaforced with zods,\n\nFiling.\n\nWith cerisin scils and where the\n\nbe driven to\n\nVICK= to die introduction of reinforced aonercle, refta were co- steneten in plafa concrete, and sol being reinforced, were af thirdness.\n\n37622\n\nWith s raft the preseard on the\n\nthe nature of the plan, bup of atrasture resis apon the grandi,\n\ncortare, exbica o materials, resuficient piles may duction of regelremonts, market sonsolidate the earth sufferently to jail is diatributed over the waxi-\n\ncluziion. favourableness\n\ncarry the tend. Before driving them se possible, reducing the weather, etc. Cut out non-essen pilas the earth seemed a certain pure per square foot to a min tials first, he recomiende, bistoad space. After the piles are driver, roam, and if pemperly of making a\n\ndezigned, compromise\n\nthec in earth. plz piles, the earth in soft places. quality of materiale. He ecumer\n\nWith few ates and explains more extensive bulk of the driven pile,\n\nasing heen consolidated by the exceptions the site under buildings | ly and technically many others.\n\n1234 ke he movered sith au Supervious Bungalows.\n\nPiles for the purpose of conjayer. In most cases concrete is the solidating soda can be of tallar peatario! used, and this\n\nrerete\" made sufficiently thick\n\nface\n\nand restored, may form the raft.\n\nShowroom 62 Nathan Road, Kawi\n\n60 years ago!\n\nKAYIP\n\nThe Firm of MACKAY introduced LIQUEUR WHISKY Its success has led to the oxistence ni mszy fetior Brande offered under ritar title.\n\nMACKAY'S THE ORIGINAL- 1495EUR WHISKY\n\nBabe in face age and chore Bone pretation of Highland Whisky.\n\nTu Tubos na jou tuing Bred five leading divide throughout the int\n\nGaste no more than dory\n\nObtainable from all the leading\n\nstores in the Colony. WHOLESALE AGENTS-BRADLEY & Co., Ltd.\n\nCOLUMBIA\n\nNEW-PROCESS\n\nRECORDS\n\nMUSICAL COMEDIES\n\nSelection\n\n19\n\n465 THE GEISHA\n\n821 IRENE\n\n723 LILAC DOMINO\n\nWith badldings having basements, the basement level mag he balex\n\n666 MAID OF THE MOUNTAINS 932 BRIGHTER LONDAR\n\n12\n\n27\n\n645 CHU-CHIN-CHOW\n\n659 CHU-CHIN-CHOW\n\nTe duretes & chapter cach tepes to the used for beading country house. suburban town piles, but in several ecare pales of Aud semi-domestic. In the counhard materialy having no cobesion try and sobarben heuse it is a have been used, such as sacó, eliz importens to develop the exterior (kers, stores, pl.\n\nwater level, requiring reinforce! Surroundings as the interior de\n\nFrich pile of curò, stone or other ment against the opward ad in. tails. The arcaiteet must be con- Part materials, boles are formed ward presauce of water, the ruft earned with lawns, shrubbery, driving and removing pilas of useiber with the barzeniest walls, kennels.\n\nfilling thereoning a watertight box\n\nmaterials, aged in water bearing toil\n\nThe Puthor is heeed, or metal, and etc. arused at the surr of gull hole with the bead\n\nmen whe extat at having to with bearing les, that is plas A raft foundation may be mora \"pay an architect to design\n\nwhich support a structure, such as jerononteal, even when in itself it chicken coop\" Bungalows are a pier over open water and build costs more, then foundations taken\n\n¡Ay chase\n\nnot ganerally inexpensive, as ings on soft sort or liquid mud, the down to a low level, glling, when supposed. They must always bo freeistance against ponetration of the taking down of the founda! pleaned to ennform to the scythe pie may be obtained by its roations, the ailing roundings. The ideal way\n\nreaching sold ground, ot by dodge to dosing property.\n\n(Minders. Cylinders of iron and steel, and\n\nplanning a town house is to et tion of the soil against te sides,\n\nla group of people to share in les partiz by both it being driven\n\nlot having a common central gerte a suficient depth to stala treiufgrend coutrete, sinh tuto sott\n\nen and Como architectu friction, or support at its foot. style that can be planned har\n\nrol, water, wad and, and les moniously.\n\n279 FLORODORA\n\nVocal tems\n\n309 LES CLOCHES DE CORNEVILLE\n\nAT\n\nANDERSON'S\n\nThe põe supported at its fot, with concrete, have been used. pose of being between groups of for that porting id a pie surround- Je some Chat:x eylinders have pites and giving rigidity.\n\nnd by water or liquid and giving surrounded groups or piles, the\n\nFor work of ar engineering\n\nHe discusses frateruity houses had the comparative lack of le rtle or na aters! support and piles being Srst drivan, the e7lindratare, enfssons of metal or rein. terest in their style. One of the friction, becomes a column and is ers, dropped over greaps of pites. forced concrete have heat, fosted Cardinal fundar.ontal guad subjected to siplar stresses to the ender resting on the bottom, to prition, suk architecture is dit \"the fecade those which columns are subjected and after the exlindars\n\n0:1 prepaved and plac shall express the par- to, and can be calculated as such. position, ing them\n\nare in beds, and filled with stones or son- prae of the building.\" The funda A feree, the concrete filling the spaces imental in move or leva nuylerted personally\" in the architecture of between the piles sed the naise sood supporting soils, in spite of in our semi-derarstic buildings. their homes. Throughout the vo- of the eslinder. By this mean, folical platements to the can-\n\nwith\n\n200-\n\nxk.\n\nCertain ally, ench as sund, are\n\nthe trury, providing they are not do a\n\nMr. Horing shows farther jamo one is coracleas of the au- support is obtained from amusement at the ladies who de there gesuire belief in the files. ne elinder and concrete position in which they can sore,\n\nand pure pemodse styles: atzo, portance and eigalheance of the inside binding thure who insist upon \"expressing Fart.-Christian Science Monitor piles together, serving\n\nthe pa\n\nof and to prevent spreading the elte\n\nthe par- can be enclosed by abeak piling, of\n\ntimber, iron, steel, er reinforced concrete. Sheet pillay, at comple tion, could be described as a box ariere, without top on bottom, enclosing the ground on which. the batting elands.\n\nScrew Piles\n\nThese are main! cylinders with \"screw\" anda, the pile being ra rolved and anteng the soil in a similar way to that of wood screw entering wood.\n\nTheir most frequent use is for light piers where the sea bottom le sand.\n\nHOTELS.\n\nTHE\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST,\n\nWEDNESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1925.\n\nHOTELS.\n\nHONGKONG\n\nHONGKONG HOTEL; REPULSE BAY HOTEL:\n\nPEAK HOTEL.\n\nTulographie Address: KREMLIN, HONGKONG.”\n\nAND\n\nSHANGHAI\n\nASTOR HOUSE HOTEL: PALACH HOTEL;\n\nKALEE HOTEL; MAJESTIC HOTEL. Telegraphic Address: \"CENTRAL, SHANGHAL.\"\n\nHOTELS,\n\nLIMITED.\n\n43 association with the Grand Hotel des Wagons Lits. Peking,\n\nKOWLOON HOTEL.\n\nTHE PREMIER HOTEL IN KOWLOON, First Class Billiard Room and Satoon Bar.\n\nSHIPPING\n\nSTRIKE SITUATION.\n\nDEARTH OF CHINESE KIVER CARGOES.\n\nArrical and Departures.\n\nJUNG VOYAGERS.\n\nCHRISTIAN COLLEGIANS ARRIVE AT CANTON.\n\nUdging the Searchlights.\n\nNEWS\n\nFRENCH FLAGSHIP.\n\n13\n\nP. & O. BRITISH INDIA, APCAR AND RASTERN & AUSTRALIAN LINES.\n\n(COMPANIZA IRMOTROzed in ENGLAND) STATEO, JAVA ↳ OTTAMA, CREION, INDIA, PENSJAN GAFLF, WHAT IEDARA,\n\nKARTICA, ART & HOVE AFRICA, ANSA RAL-ANIA. INCLEDINU AR\n\nZNALAND & 4URENSLAND POSTA. RED HEA. WIEFT, ZUBOPY, KTO\n\nPENINNITLAR & ORIENTAL FORTNIGHTLY DAVET ROYAL MAIL UTKANADA\n\nSPER CONTRACT WI\n\nH. GYERSNXXT}\n\nIONS PROM TONGKONG ABOUT\n\n20th August.\n\nPENDING CHANGE IN NAVAL NARKUNDA...\n\nKIDDERPORE\n\nJEYPORA\n\nCOMMAND.\n\nKHYBER...........\n\nThe French battleship Jules\n\nNAGPORE\n\nof V140 Farry, ying the faz\n\nTILAWA TALAMBA\n\nTANDA...\n\nThe sixaution in the matter of\n\nAs was exclusively uncunced Admiral Prochos, Commander-in- ocean Donte shipping remains un- in the relature of the S. C. f. Post Ja Phart uime ago, a parts of Sqaadran, arrived yesterday over- sries and clearances varies but Americana left Hongkong toring and anchored in Kowloon ARAFURA\n\ntie. Cargoes are small in quan Canion by two fucks which were Bay as there are at present yo tity and few ju number. For the chartered For the purpose of berthe available in the man of yast fon; weeks shipments of more convering coroat and building war anchorage.\n\nthen\n\nThe usual ma\n\n0.334\n\n105\n\nDESTINATION\n\n42wers & wartorg-\n\n16,237 8th Sept., soon.rition & Fanuch.\n\n5,218\n\n17th Sept.\n\n0.114 19th September.\n\n5,83\n\njeet Soudna, Miles, London,\n\nLaterpell\n\n3465 September. patebay.\n\nBRITISH INDIA-LOCAH BAJURGS INDUTA\n\n10,000 24th September. 3'pore, Pung & Calcutta\n\n18,018 9 October.\n\nEASTENNÉ SUSTRALIAN RATING (SOUTH)\n\n16,9505\n\n8,000!\n\n2nd Sept.\n\nMaa, Sandokat Chnes. Is\n\n7th October Tarifle, B'ban, 'eer, &\n\nMethaurns.\n\nSADAMA win aga quli ni Turbo The 1. 9.3. Cu td. seatures will zien dil; of Shangkhu, B\n\nShaazhki, Dzsin. Debit, Kalam. The Timber Darwin, as her wine wich tho towing\n\nFrogweat conrad An the New Zaki, Tante\n\nas rand_nta\n\nSatan and soudit via Panama Canal.\n\nThe Ure 5.9. Company ateaders to the United Kingoeta 1,000 tons have beys rare, material to the Canton Christina {tional salutics were fired, and sise and now, even the local Chinese College under the leadership of the fing saiule in Vice Admiral whe may usually be depended upon 31r. Crumpton, No information Sinclair. which were duly re- to furnish small freights for river joald be obtained at the time turned. Electric Lift and Telephone to each Floor, Tels. K.608 & K.609. Cable address: KOWLOTEL, Hongkongingle package of cargo was ten who was acting as super Vion Admiral\n\nGnder the Persound Baparvicken and Matogoriană di\n\nFRANK L. COOKE.\n\nProprietor.\n\nKING EDWARD HOTEL. Electric lifts and Lighting. Telephone on each Floor, Hotel Launch Meets All Steamers.\n\nTol. Central No. 370.\n\nTelegraphle Address: \"VICTORIA.\" J. WITCHELL, Manager.\n\nST. GEORGE'S HOUSE. KENNEDY ROAD,\n\nPrivate Hotel, affording Every Comfurt.\n\nLARGE AND OF HARBOUR\n\nAIRY ROOMS. SPLENDID EXCELLENT CUISINE UNDER SUPERVISION OF THE PROPRIETKISS.\n\nLOSSIUS, Proprietress.\n\nFor te suply to\n\nThe only hotel in CANTON\n\ndirectly under European\n\nManagement.\n\nNAGPORE... 5,248\n\nSANJIS TO BHANGHAIR LAYER.\n\n26th August.\n\nHI\n\n......$10,000\n\nShanghai, Moji & Kobe.\n\n4th September. Sbbai, Moji kote. 6th September. Kebe.\n\nì deben re afrasimme wid subtrat in alteration without quiler. Wielan\n\nSTRAWERS. Parede og not mon than 21, x 16. × 7 th, will be prerived as ike Lumping's (not up lo egia on the day previous to unitis\n\nFanburding.\n\nB\n\ncestt, even though the pun la voly ether arough the Acerts The arrival of the dulos Perry KARMALA ......\n\nMac, are showing no Comandate of the Harbour Of is a proliminary to the charge OVET TILAWA design m despatch goods. Pas through which latter place in of the Commander-in-Chiership senzar hookings by the river sail- lucka cleared with no mention of at the squadron. Rear Admiral ings yesterday were good, but not 'pautengere other than Mr. Crnan- Basir is to be the successor of Fruchot, and will sen. ap.\n\nMules Michelet at as early data. 24 hours ending #sam yesterday Information has now been re After the command has been showed o vessels in harthour, of seived which confirms the state turned over, the Jules Ferry will which wery British, with 12 meu then made and this is to the leave for France, the new arrival arrivals and 11 doyartures. Bri- affect that the voyagers have becoming the Bugship in Lish shipping contributed six and reached Carton.\n\ntwo respectively, to these guzes. Warpon was reached at 2 a.. Arrival were the British ships on Sunday morning and taking Empress of Casada from Vancon- advantage of the darkness, the ver and Shanghai with 186 tour of junka alipped in ander the nearch- fouz, amigenium salphate aut Hights which awept the Back mails, Yut Shing from Bangkes Rear, without being detected. with 2,260 tons of rice and general There is no shipping activity\n\nThe\n\nstead,\n\nPARENTS PERTAINI\n\nNOTICE TO MARINERS.\n\nSHANGHAI DECLARED\n\nCHOLERA-INFECTED\n\nPORT.\n\nker\n\nand two bags of mails, Nam Sang in Canton, but sumbers of snail The following notice to muzinera: from Yokohama nt Shanghai boats are fraighting vegetables has been posted at the Harbour with 1,205 tena of general, tonius and produce from outlying die Once, seved by the authorities Revolutionary placards at Canton under date. August 13:\n\nHarbour Notification No. 1 of 1923. Notice is hereby given that the Superintendent of Custome and Representatives of Poreign Con- sale Bodiaz bave declared the port of Shanghai to be infected. AR vessels arriving therefrom either at Pantee or Whangea on and after this date are to be guvern\n\njing dangerous goods (firecrackerstricts. Tel. Central 116.\n\n(and matches) and 359 bags. of fare posted about the city treiting all, Jaining from Poochow and the people to take action agata\n\nforeig oppressore. Amoy with 50 tona ganerai and the mails, Hallie from Sulyon with gates to Alamen ure picketed 3.921 tons of ride and gear and the Chinese side to prevent any three bags of mail, Clearailah conuuunication with the defen Srum Sieganore and Hoi Nam with dore. Contradictory rumours are cur general, one bag of mulls and 200 deck paterpgera. the American reut with regard to the shipping\n\nTHE VICTORIA HOTEL,\n\nSHAMEEN,\n\nGuides\n\nand trips arranged for\n\nand special care\n\ntaken of TOURISTS. Cable Address 1 \"VICTORIA.\"\n\nEMPRESS LODGE.\n\nTel Kowloon. 296. fel. Add: \"presloge.\"\n\n8, Mudy Hoad, Kowloon Up-to-date Residential and Tourist Hotel. Two minutes walk from the Ferry Newly furnished, with latest sanitary bath- Under Barpervision of the Pro- Excellant ralaine.\n\nMom?\n\nprintress.\n\nPor termos apply to Mrs. M. O. MURPHY, Propristress\n\nPALACE HOTEL.\n\nTel. Address \"PALACE.” Tel. Kowiuon No. B.\n\nThres mátutes irom Kowlen Wharf, Ferry Wharf and RawaJ Station, Entirely Bater English Management. Eletele Light and Faus throughout. Every Rovin with Private Bath, Lounge, Bar and Hilliard Rooms. turivalled Cuisine onder the personal supervision of the proprietor. Terma moderate, Special terms to families on appli\n\nJ. T. OXBEREY, Proprietor. tion to:\n\nSTATION HOTEL,\n\nTel. Add: \"Termotel” KOWLOON. Code used a.B.C. 5th. First class aud most up-to-date Residential and Tourist Hotel. Two minutes' walk from Ferry. Moderate Larid and recst axel- lent cuisine auder entirely European tuanagement Monthly and Family rates can be arranged at mest reasonable terms.\n\nAPPLY THE MANAUERESS, Kowloon.\n\nTHE CARLTON HOTEL.\n\nUNDER ENTIRELY NEW MANAGEMENT. Splendidly Situated in the Heart of the European Secilon Convenient to the Ferry and to the Baalucss Centres.\n\nA First Class Besidential and Tourist Hotel with all the Convenienes of Homo. Large Airy Rooms. Hot and Cold Water.\n\nCuisine ander the Immediate Direction of the Proprietress Monthly and Family rates at moderate ternis.\n\nFor tartas upply to Mra M. BLAKE.\n\nTelephone No. C. 812,\n\nNu. 30, Lee House Street,\n\nASTOR HOUSE HOTEL.\n\nTelegraphic address \"ASTOR”\n\nTelephone Contra! 10,\n\n13. Queen's Road Central: A first clase Hotel centrally located, large and airy rODINE, completely renovated and refinished. New Ulzing Room\n\nuidine. Meals a la Carte. Excellent\n\nMouthly Tickets for Fists and Duners. Under entirely new Management,\n\nH. A. VAZ, Nanager.\n\nROGATE.\n\nTel Address \"Rogate\" Kowloon,\n\nTel. 851.\n\n158-160 Austin Read, Kuwloun. Newly furnished. Up-to-date Priests Hotel. Excellent Oni sine. Moderate Term.. tinder personal supervision of the Proprietres\n\n\"ALBANY.\"\n\nResidential Hotel, Nos. 3 & 4 The Albany. Overlooking the Botanical Gardens. Under personal supervision of the Proprietress. Telephone Central 615.\n\nMADAM ASA UTANI.\n\nJAVANESE MASSEUSE. FACE MASSAGE. MASSAGE\n\n25, Wellington Street:\n\nMASSAGE HALL.\n\nMRS. 3. UZUNOVE\n\nHapert Massgeule,\n\n37, Queen's Road Central,\n\nA similar notice has been issued\n\ntaamer West Faralun from Los 10 the port, that gaining most Angeles and Manila with 196 tas iredence being to the edest that by the Excilay Regulations feri of general and President McKinicy to impose a tax of 23,000 or be the authoriting stentsin in\n\nthe Cunninginner of Commerce is the port of Canton. from Manila with 12 tone of\n\nvessels discharging, while 41. general and 10 bags of all, the monopoly has her granted to theviation to that port and Chin- German vereis Piala on Hardessane for a large sum, the x-\n\n(wengizo under date August 12.\n\nJourg and Marilu with 365 tona of\n\nyoueral and six bags of mai, the out of which is not naked. Japanese reasol Osake Mary from\n\nNAVY LAUNCH BLAZE. TWO MEN SENT TO HOSPITAL.\n\nMuch of this stegnation is due Two American seemen, the en-!\n\nCalcutta and Singapore with 320 by the Autenor for Sagapore and tons of general, nails chectical President Kinley and Bevenue products, and 13 bags of mail, the for Shanghai. Chineze ucastor Chung Hing from Kwangeheuwan with 180 tone of the increasing difficulty ofgineer and the electrician of abippers in obtaining export per- U. S. 8. Beaver's speed launch, firewood, vegetables and poultry.\n\nmita for lee, the stonks of which whlen was destroyed by fire at! Departures\n\nin the Colony, are now belevet in the Army and Navy Club landing Departure were the Brish be below is reserve margin. at Maul are now in the Set- vessels Isaching for Amoy, Pru- Another contributing factor berg General Hosptial. The men tecilaus for Shanghai, Japanese appears to be the belfer sung the jare badly burved, according to a Towels Koren Mora for Keelung, Chinese generally that something navy officer interviewed at the Tsuruga Alara For Shanghai, drastic is about to happen either place of the fire.\n\nlein Maru for Tallar Bay and on one side or the other. The\n\nflames completely demolished Jajo Man for Swate, the Datel more credulone point to the con- the high power engine and burned auction dredger G.G. Ideoburg Jucant exercising of seaplanes the inside of the launch, causing (Netherlands Harbour Works) fox and the large number of warships Jamage estimated at $5.00). The Macao, Tisondari for Bhunghai, jad present in harbour, as evidence forigin of the fire le vakowa. the Gormer vernal Pfalz for that the British Government is it was extinguished half an hour, Shanghai, the Chinese coaster about to take action. No amount of Jafter it started.\n\nThe been aboard and the crew Kazura fur drony and the tallat explanation will disillusion them, moter vessel Eaquino for Shang- and thts toeling is permeating the of the launch Genecock I put hal. Clearances were taken out lantize native commercial fabric.\n\nTHE\n\ncut the blaze.\n\nHONGKONG & KHAMPOA DOGK CO., LTD.\n\nTELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS MANIFESTO\", HONGKONG; UndesUsed: A1, A.B.C. Film Edition: Engineering: Fire and Second Edition: Western Union and Watking, Banson's Marcom.\n\nDock Owners, Ship Builders, Marine and Land Engineers, Boiler Makers, Iron and Brass Founders, Forge Masters, Electricians.\n\nOIL TANK STEAMER \"PALUDINA.\"\n\n412, 0′ x 58′ 1′′ x 31′ 0′′ x 3,400 tons Lw. x 3,300 H..\n\nBuilt by THE HONGKONG & WHAMPOA DOCK CO, LTD., at KOWLOON DOCK\n\nso the ordero THE ANGLO SAXON PETROLEUM CO., IND.. being one of fusimilar\n\nVessels built in those WORKS to the same order.\n\nPlease address enquiries to the Chief Manager :-\n\nR. M. DYEE. B SC.. M.IN.A.. Kowloog Dock. Hongkong.\n\nFor Tenage Rates, Unzufbooka, Farizate, may apply że\n\nMACKINNON, MACKENZIE & Co., Alamur\n\nTHE BANK LINE, LTD,\n\nAgents for the following Services.\n\nAMERICAN & ORIENTAL LINE BOSTON, NEW YORK & NEW ORLEANS\n\n1st September.\n\nM.V. \"ELMBANK”-\n\nrta Suez Canai\n\nNEW YORK, BOSTON & BALTIMORE AMERICAN & MANCHURIAN LINE TELLERMAN & HUCKNALL BS. Co., Ltd.) 8,8. \"HALVERNIAN\" via Suez Canal 19th September. 3.S. \"WALTON HALL\"'\n\n7th Oe.ober\n\nUNITED KINGDOM & CONTINENT \"ELLERMAN\" LINE (EILERMAN & BUCKNALL S.S. CO. LTD.)\n\nSth September S.S. KNOWSLEY HALL\" For Marseilles, London, Dunkirk and Hamburg. MODERATE PASSAGE BATES TO MARSEILLES & LONDON\n\nMAURITIUS & SOUTH AFRICA ORIENTAL-AFRICAN LINE\n\nMiddle August.\n\nS.S. SURAT\" Leading for Maurities, Delagea Bay, Durham, East London, Alges Bay. Port Elizabeth, Mossel Bay & Capetown.\n\nThrough Bills of Lading lawned to Betra, Quilimaine, Lio, Port Amelia. Sezambique. Chlude, Iabambane, Zanzibar, Houmassa, Kindlat, Vezi Nellat. Luderitz Bay, Walvis Bay & Madagascar.\n\nAUSTRAL-EAST INDIES LINE. (Ellerman and Bucknall S.S. Co., Ltd.) Sallings from Singapore og 6th of every month by \"City of Palerma or \"Maistine\" to Java, Fremantle, Adelaide, Melbourne nad Sydney, and vice versa. Through Freight and Passenger doakings from flong- tong in conjunction with \"Elterman\" Lice or other services.\n\nFor freight or passage on any of the above lines apply to:-\n\nTel. C. 4791 THE BANK LINE, LTD.\n\nBOSTON, NEW YORK & BALTIMORE.\n\nJOINT SERVICE OF THE\n\n\"BLUE FUNNEL\" LINE. KOCHAN BS, CO, LTD & CHINA MUTUA), S.8. Co., LTD.\n\nAND\n\nAMERICAN & MANCHURIAN LINK.\n\nELLERMAN & BUCKNALL 8.S. CO. LT).\n\nBAILINGS FROM BONOKONG\n\nrie Suez Canal\n\n8.. \"Laomedon\"\n\n6.5. \"Peteus\n\n5.8. \"Haivurnjan\"\n\nB.S. Teneer'\n\n1\n\n26th Augast.\n\n7 September.\n\n19th September.\n\n28th September.\n\nSteamers proceed vis Huer Chant or Panama Cagni st owners' option\n\nSubject to Change without notice.\n\nFor freight and particulses apply to:- BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE, or THE BANK LINE. 19. Bangkang,\n\nHongkong & Canton Jardine Matheson & Co. Ltd.\n\nCat1 du\n\nCOMPANIA TRANSATLANTICA DE BARCELONA Spanish Royal Mail Line For MANILA, SINGAPORE COLOMBO, SUÈL. PORT Sam, BARCELONA & other SPANISH PORTS.\n\n3.8.0. LOPEZ I LOPEZ\"\n\n3.5. ISLA DE PANATU\n\n8.8, LESAZгI\"\n\nBAJ\n\n... for Yokosms, Koba, Koji & Shanghai.\n\nS.8. 187. DE PANAY”\n\n33. \"LEGAZPI\n\n... 3rd September. 2046 Votober.\n\n18th December,\n\n.. 8th Octobe\n\n2. Ja, 1986.\n\n30th Nov.\n\nThe manors of this Company are all eisused 200 41 at Lloyd'e and ar modern cottrenience for the enzufort and safety of sha\n\nEtte with wards and Doctor carrisé.\n\nO. D. BA'RRETTO, LA..\n\nFor freight andjur pannage apply to-\n\nCentral Avenue, B. C. CANTON.\n\nBOTELHO KROS.\n\nAvezzanīra Bailding.\n\nHangkang",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 522264,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "page_number": 425,
        "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "content_text": "RELATIONS BETWEEN HONGKONG AND THE\n\nCHINESE CUSTOMS.\n\n427\n\n§1. War of 1839-1842. Treaty of Chuenpi, 1841. Proposed collection of Chinese Customs dues and duties in Hongkong. § 2. Palmerston's attitude to this proposal. § 3. Arrangements made by Sir Henry Pottinger to safeguard China's revenue rights. Treaty of Hoomun Chai, 1843. § 4. Failure of Treaty of Hoomun Chai. Growth of coasting trade under foreign flags. § 5. Treaty of Tientsin, 1858. Prevalence of smuggling at Hongkong. Establishment by Canton authorities of Customs stations round Hongkong and of preventive service of revenue cruisers. § 6. Alcock's Convention, 1869. Proposal to allow a Chinese Consul to function in Hongkong. §7. Opposition of Hongkong to Customs blockade and to discriminatory trade taxation. Commission of inquiry called for by Chefoo Convention of 1876. § 8. Hongkong Opium Agreement, 1886. Control of Customs stations round Hongkong and of revenue cruisers handed over to Chinese Maritime Customs Service. Removal of discriminatory trade taxation. § 9. Extension of Kowloon Territory, 1898. Sir Robert Hart's proposals for Chinese Customs control. § 10. Establishment of Customs stations on new frontier. Greatly increased difficulties of Chinese Customs control. § 11. Mackay Treaty, 1902. Article equalising duties on goods whether carried by junk or by steamer. Imperial Edict of September 1906 ordering gradual cessation of opium trade. Hongkong Government requests and obtains help of Chinese Customs in organising system of bonding of alcohol and spirits. § 12. Proposed Customs agreement with Hongkong: 1911 draft. Chinese Customs permitted to function in Hongkong territory at Kowloon railway terminus. § 13. Revival of proposed agreement: 1918 draft. Negotiations at Hongkong and Peking. § 14. Hongkong Government withdraws its consent on account of salt clause. § 15. Boycott of Hongkong in 1925. Levy of Washington surtaxes at Chinese treaty ports, 1926. Introduction of China's first National Import Tariff, 1929. Consequent growth of smuggling. § 16. Renewal of negotiations in July 1929 on proposed Customs agreement. Visit of Inspector General to Hongkong. § 17. Comparison of 1918 and 1929 drafts of agreement. § 18. Objection of Chinese Government to article granting inland waters steam navigation privileges to Hongkong vessels. § 19. Present position of negotiations. China obliged to renew blockade if agreement fails.\n\n§ 1. IN the late summer of 1840, during the war between Great Britain and China War of 1839-1842, (1839-1842), the Chinese Government appointed Kishen ([[1]]), then Viceroy of the metropolitan province of Chihli, to proceed to Canton in the capacity of Imperial Commissioner and Acting Viceroy of the Liang Kwang, and there to continue negotiations with the British for the cessation of hostilities and the resumption of trade. The result of these negotiations, precipitated by the British silencing of the batteries at Chuenpi (), was the issue on 20th January 1841 by Captain Charles Elliot, at that time Plenipotentiary for Great Britain in China and Chief Superintendent of Trade, of a notification informing all British subjects that preliminary arrangements for a treaty had been come to between himself and the Imperial Commissioner. One of the principal articles of this projected Treaty of Chuenpi provided Treaty of Chuen-pi, 1841. for the cession of the island and harbour of Hongkong to the British Crown, but at the same\n\n[[1]] *Chinese Repository, Vol. IX, 1840, pp. 412, 413, 423. + Ibid., Vol. X, 1841, p. 63 (vide Appendix A).\n\n1",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930.txt",
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    {
        "id": 528397,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933",
        "page_number": 49,
        "title": "CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933",
        "content_text": "## D. THE PUBLIC HEALTH ORGANISATION OF CANTON\n\nIn the 1928 Annual Report of the League of Nations Health Organisation, Eastern Bureau, Singapore, one finds the following: \"An important step towards the Sanitary re-organisation of the Chinese Republic has been the establishment in Nanking by the Nationalist Government of a Bureau of Public Health, attached to the Ministry of the Interior. During the latter part of the year a Ministry of Health was formed with His Excellency Hsueh Tu-pi as its Head and Dr. J. Heng Liu (the former Medical Superintendent of the Peking Union Medical College Hospital) as Vice-Minister, a proof that the technical aspect of the problem of centralising health activities in China has not been under-estimated.\"\n\nAn International Advisory Council consisting of Sir George Newman, Chief Medical Officer, Ministry of Health, London; Dr. Victor Heiser, travelling Director, Rockefeller Foundation; and Dr. Rajchman, Director of the Public Health Section of the League of Nations, has been appointed.\n\nCanton is a Municipality with a President and a Council of Commissioners, one of whom is the Commissioner of Public Health. The Commissioners are appointed by the Central Government on the recommendation of Local Authorities.\n\nThe Law relating to Public Health, the Sanitary Regulations, is a very comprehensive one. It contains 36 chapters and 122 sections. It deals with the constitution of a Health Bureau—its jurisdiction, its functions, its sections, and its staff.\n\nThe Health Organisation consists of a Health Bureau with three divisions:\n| Division | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| I. | The Preservation of the Health Department. |\n| II. | The Infectious Disease Prevention Department. |\n| III. | The Medical Department. |\n\nThe Health Staff includes:\n- The Commissioner\n- The Secretary\n- The three Sectional Heads\n- A number of Sectional Secretaries\n- A number of Inspectors\n\nSection 8 states: \"The Commissioner of the Bureau shall supervise the management of the Bureau, the Secretary shall take charge of all important matters, and the Sectional Heads shall take charge in their respective sections, all under the direction of the Commissioner.\"\n\nSection 7 states: \"The Commissioner of the Health Bureau, the Secretary, the Sectional Heads, the Sectional Secretaries (with the exception of the Sectional Secretary for the Accounts Office), and the Sectional Assistants shall either be graduates from a Medical University, or a Technical College, or a Public Health College. The posts of Sectional Assistants which have not much to do with Medicine and Public Health may be filled by one or two non-technical men in each section.\"\n\nSection 10 states: \"The Health Bureau shall be provided with a Health Council which shall be constituted of a number of well-known Chinese and European Doctors and Experts in Civil matters in connection with Health—to be appointed by the Mayor on the recommendation of the Commissioner.\"\n\nSection 11 states: \"In the interests of the work of the Bureau, the Commissioner shall convene once a week a meeting of all Sectional Secretaries and all above them in rank to consider all matters of the Bureau, and once a month a meeting of all Sectional Secretaries and all Officers above them and the Heads of all Hospitals and other Institutions to discuss the development of the Bureau.\"\n\nSection 3 gives the duties of the three Departments. The Health Preservation Department is responsible for all Health questions pertaining to:\n1. Food, Drugs, and Water.\n2. Municipal Sanitation, including sanitation of streets and sewers, latrines, domestic houses, boarding houses, barbers' shops, laundries, bathing saloons, markets, abattoirs, factories, and public gardens.\n\nThe Department for the Prevention of Infectious Disease is concerned with:\n1. The investigation and prevention of Infectious Disease.\n2. The management of the Hospital for Leprosy and other diseases.\n3. The isolation of Infectious cases.\n4. Precautions against Plague.\n5. The removal of Corpses to Mortuaries.\n6. The examination of prostitutes.\n\nThe Medical Department has charge of the following:\n1. Registration of Doctors, Dentists, Chinese Medical Practitioners, Midwives, Apothecaries, and Dispensers.\n2. The Registration of Births, Marriages, and Deaths.\n3. Medical statistics—apart from those of infectious diseases.\n4. Restrictions on private Hospitals and Dispensaries.\n5. The management of \"Poor Old Men's Homes\".\n6. Blind Asylum and Foundling Institution.\n7. Medical treatment and prescriptions.\n8. School Hygiene and Propaganda.\n\nWith regard to infectious disease, there is:\n1. Compulsory notification.\n2. Power to remove any patient to the isolation hospital.\n3. Provision for the disinfection of corpses and the coffining of the same and burial.\n4. Provision for disinfection and destruction of property.\n5. Provision for prohibition of assemblies.\n\n\"When any infectious disease is prevalent in any place outside the City, the Health Bureau have power to enforce at any time the regulations for the examination of infectious disease on board vessels and trains.\" There are special regulations for these duties.\n\nWith regard to Port Health Work, the regulations provide for:\n1. Quarantine station and anchorage—one at Canton and one at Whampoa.\n2. Four Port Health Medical Practitioners.\n3. Powers and duties of staff.\n\nSection 9 states: \"The Bureau shall be provided with the following sections:\n1. Health Examination Bureau.\n2. Port Medical Examination.\n3. Municipal Hospitals.\n4. Free Dispensaries.\n5. Lunatic Asylums.\n6. Foundling Institutions.\n7. Infectious Hospitals.\n8. Nursing Homes.\n9. Prostitutes Examination Bureau.\n10. Leprosy Hospitals.\n11. Old Men's Homes.\n12. Blind Asylums.\n\nThe Canton Sanitary Regulations provide for a complete Health Department under the direction of one Medical Head responsible to the Municipal Council for all matters connected with the Public Health. Containing 36 Chapters and 122 Sections, this Code may be described as both clear and complete and up-to-date.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 531652,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933",
        "page_number": 144,
        "title": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933",
        "content_text": "SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1931.\n\nBOOKSHELF.\n\nINDO-CHINA PARADISE. SHAKESPEARE'S PLAYS.\n\nHealth Resort in Hills of Annam.\n\nAN ATTRACTIVE BOOK.\n\nOne of the Loves garden spots, commonly known as the Parade of Indo-China, where H. Paul Doumer, then Governor, decided in 1895 to establish a health resort. Some years later, Governor Doumer completed the preliminary work and established a zamindari, which has a cinema attached.\n\nA great deal has been added to the station, and these are, including uno de... of mulled...y, a psychological problem, not a menace of lunar... Bong... a number of separate villas were erected. As a health resort, it has proved a great success.\n\nProf. Simpson's Radio Lectures.\n\nThe literature concerning Shakespeare is vast. Pekin... und... work, what a vast amount will ever realize Peking and not wet... weeting he might have spared Passing so it is saw officially call the world.\n\nThe third edition retains the original title of the book, mounting. The aspect that a opera may apology for hancared to excite either wonder... Milton to make change Murray.\n\nAlready the literature concerning Shakespeare is vast. The author has no more interest in the manuscripts, all of which are at Pekme th...\n\nMr. J. L. Feed Mokitur. Lauru, saya, \"of three.\n\nProf. Simpson, MA. Kiny Further ripete, by Rokeri rejubel Ali KULCE-BES.\n\nHot Welsh, Ltd., Heughang US1. Kelly and Wani, on some year later that Gover-BES.\n\nDog Samt completed the pre-Aukerman, Prof. Som\n\nThi\" :4 giá vi testada, minary work and stablished a zaminda ua, wha a playwright. The of thrth, along with 1And\n\near perice. Afler 1935 under Parsimmople for Tudat tocamp a bukatutave—a coma un langs tikkay noY meckáty becaus and posing olur!terpart of Soul, wwwf the'rwn Th\n\nSizes 1972 a great deal has been phor. no an historias, a peri, writing about him as a philowa it ja Ke Bhat are bowl mi\n\nadded to the station, and these are, a typien) Elizabethin, na E MUE Sarah tela, including uno de¦ of mulledży, sa paychological prob-char, which has a cinema attached.\n\nAs a health re- so on. Yet Sazkompenza wa k -the art it has proved a great succo, diminatit: so much was he a dra specially for the The ad mate that he never thought r Cart Mad_129 wastaged to be ruined from a way, han playa sa anything but playa\n\nking\n\npopularity may\n\nthe Ex-* of them\n\nenlarged\n\nif\n\nthere are told in a wall illnad Daca the secera and mastered the run into kuite 3 by the Imprimerie!words, ka had no more Interest in bedre. Hanel.—W, 2. the manuscripts, all of which are\n\nRapin da ima 5-10, Mr. J. L Feed Mokitur. Lauru, | saya, \"of\n\nthree ril well\n\nof Pekme th\n\n. ר\n\n3\n\nAlready the literature\n\ncern\n\nSayMerry\n\na da 1984. Hud be passed to have di corrected verdien, Together *** Tanese crount of himself, ka ir weld those who respect blatory. Pekny und bin work, what a vast amount Will ever rezala Poking and not wet weeting he might have spared Pasping so it is saw officially call the world.\n\nBunce it in that the author the tand edition retains the Log Shakeupare in unarmane, yel Urinal title of the book, motiounting.\n\nThe spect that a ofera may apology for hangcared to excite either wonder Thilton to make change Murray.\n\nWhat do ou\n\nHing kimmelf seven shment, howevez, ja the fact, attoned the wing of thithak in all possibla la bay some- ** name of 13.1.5 mg, thing Jew about Shaksporto\n\ned material infr !m the\n\nProf Ківельном так виго any per both a malap -\"he kite\n\nI of Fectures he de- Ameth Ms of the world, Invered on the wireless undye the \"actors who there in only one Paking Wanape of the Houng Broly the fontact cities with\n\nComm 14. Thos\n\n-- 20\n\n-* - 5 they under\n\nميا\n\nlec\n\nCheations for the Ret.L \"Nevertheless,\" he adde\n\nall, however. Chery ars tarea have now been published by ally several Zeng, and itara Kelly & Walsh Ltd. hav\n\n·Fold interest of the place der hetle Farber Shake-the eye and thway i\n\nFiend and bear\"\n\nit\n\nThe Spick of chứn\n\ncite. Them me with the komore ye\n\ngraceful\n\nThe\n\n*A which | IT\n\nhurterada\":\n\nJust to\n\nram by dim.\n\nForm 20 de 1\n\nThere when tele\n\nCAR on them re\n\nSome parts you i\n\nmore fully at home\n\ntheatre, the tex\n\ntermen la kin proface of ureal Indly work an\n\nde that Shakespora 1. read over The average modern \"epigrammatic Darin ach writer, he coatings in me d Much trying t\n\nTo Your Friends at Home Christmas with a suitable Gift from \"Hongkong TEA\n\nPrice per 3 catty box $18.50 net (Approx 7 lb.)\n\nFinest Fo.com > Per 5 catty box $17.00 net\n\n„Mauge Pakos Peyta 5 lbs. $17.60 net. THE PRI ES QUOTED INCLUDE ALE CHARGES to any add was in the Corvel Kisgdom, GINGER IN SYRUP In syrup barnat Memo SPECIALLY SELECTED FOR US. Portest of tina 5 lb jars. $18.00 net. Per case of Twelve 24 1. pats, $21.00 bet\n\nTUE PRICES QUOTED IM.LUDE FREIGHT PAID to London Docka mole DRIED GINGER IN TINS Te pareof x 1 lb, ins. $10.50 net Including age to the United Kingdom.\n\nORDER EARLY, LANE, CRAWFORD, LTD. Grocery Dept. Tel. 25813.\n\nK\n\nRESTRINGING AND REPAIRS. We take a WERCIAL PRibk a son work RAÇERIŲ PAGEág ky on enny with Thing (HARANPE | RESTRIN\n\nAAA DUNLOP POTESTA ATIN AMERICAN ORGA [WUN cur OWN SUPERFINEL seunted Caloun) L7 רים with Our DAWON OUT NO. A WARNINGAPORE ONO 27 WAL CHINA GU 207 AUTERIINE N OWN A Out, and duly stunzsataed doe Umenia.\n\nIMPORTANT Badly sale that PACKETA Matrung with SKPAIRING A BINDING L Cocket T and Horkey Munka zīmu balag Earl by en vindurata: sharem\n\nPEITT KEPAIRS CE Tok A TRIAL ORDERS. 1.10137D G.S. BROTHERS, SPEITA MITATTERS 11. Ha Tha Maan deer w Paul kveland MAJESTIC TO-DAY & TO-MORROW AL $30, 5,34, 7.30 and the prom\n\nON-THE-SPOT Newa EL BRENDEL is in town So is FIFI EXORSAY. PIPI dances at \"The Golden Slipper,\" where a gang of crooks hang out. Think BRENDEL is the Big Shotof GANGLAND Sings MyRacket You”\n\nEL BRENDEL FIFI DORSAY When MENDEL, gazes into them eyei, he loses those balance! For hilarious and azciting details see\n\nMr.femon of Orange PRINCE'S THEATRE SHOWING TO-DAY mt 2 80, 7 15 & 9 15 Special matinee al 5 15 on Saturday and Sunday\n\nMGM Prezenta\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POUL FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1933.\n\nSTAGE & SCREEN NOTES. NEWS AND GOSSIP OF THE THEATRE | IN HONGKONG AND ABROAD.\n\nMANY NEW FILMS DUE AT KINGS.\n\nCentral: \"Tirta Husband.\" K-x Cylinder Løve\" Princesdarlaune,” 36x/mtk-\"Mr. Lemon of Urange.” Queen'—\"Byon of the World.\" Malm 24. Son of Zorra,” Star:-\"Navy Bl\n\nHart,\n\nSESSIONS CONCLUDE.\n\nCROSS-WORD PUZZLE\n\nJury Request Lenleney for Convicted Man.\n\nPOWERS OF POLRE\n\nLkg and Account + the rest of the Jury for Sonebhe Chief Jurka (Sir Joxeph Kemp posterday montered heung Leung, charged with an Haulting Ho Ka, with intent to rab, to onu yaar's hard labour.\n\nA cond defendant w charged, after being found Not KURS:\n\nThe jury came to a uxlam decleton in co, L majority recommensent For Live Frat kocke. Esa Lord- skip, in passing contamos, d posure that although ka did not know on what grounds the jury asked for Reel\n\nAvel, Adrama d'AM | saba Viadalat, John 25. Sk Kec. Earry Deebie,\n\naphoriag artista.\n\nspyme of the World\" chamanend the other 2 ren of the Queen's Themire yubordiy (rmacja. and will be Wosened to day, mid 500 | Damon, 3.\n\nThe picke vividly poes kesevarų, trayed, tha pint fine tena mier than Pin, B. we good kid evil, butwaan Zee wną among tu Peter Kiwalan kewen, mas and Winner 1 tik vaode ong af ka maen\n\nMaloda 1. Bu da versat in Deve tam bu a je\n\nand much of the thrill in the parture in dus to Kinds O'Mall, who dan berk Amerikes 14 sm of the\n\nPencoed by Fly from Carty With seven adaptation of an wegt et slagg by John Parsaw,\n\nHuery Kwa dzeeted the pesëse. The young Petikan M\n\nThe Grown Salicitor Mr. Somer\n\nast Filerey) prosecuted, and the\n\n– dret defendant wear represented by\n\nThe Juzy, via composed of Mr. F. Austin (formmanĮ, Makra T c Patterson, F. A. Xavier ? Kd warda, W. H. B. Muskett, S. J. Her\n\nwho and R. V. đa Batal\n\nand 19 pachakty | sualni kan veren van La Sin paneel Doer dicted one, Lichudin Una Terbil pomen, men and Osat una sdern Jibs Holland. Bestdən Zurst Xyra kelisah dials a Masand 2) ...... 41.\n\nher and a boot në akbarı\n\nating a nis dhe monulatus Dup d'alza\n\nwater preme Spa King's fan bünekää vody The attenuam from the CEM BAKER, and the Text\n\nf newlyweds even when they pay\n\npaquet,\n\nThe addresses to the jury by counsel, together with the Judge's Luming ND lasted th\n\nthe afternoon, whic\n\nلستت\n\n#erimental\n\n-\n\nA hood va thu\n\nயர்\n\n11 Placed avercing\n\nKEMIL\n\nit a fer fra\n\nCLLE,schen, C\n\nretired for Carty minutes kafan\n\nreaching their verdic\n\nQuestioning af Suspertu\n\nThe rights of police offour-\n\nTegelane, peteret the De Pasqua clied to strizi\n\nfor menika akusid att man to him But at Valoma that have národy madimed by oversee alles.\n\n+\n\nthrow a cream rol of partibus courly stated by the chut Fransady deset dada dan Justice in the morning, wam he\n\nmaking a\n\nCRA\n\nwond * The\n\n1\n\ndo cokolo 15 A Jarly when u 14 J\n\nH 1 Hokey\n\nVesterday's Bellies\n\nBondag\n\nT\n\nPark\n\nhe\n\naf 2\n\n-\n\n!\n\nthe\n\n14 Fellows Al out of the s\n\nHathor :\n\nPr\n\nFAM\n\nThe incised by Mr. Kir Ship-lọ, wḥhọ chineląc to a certaj: form of cross-examination employ mƐ against the first defendant fr\n\nmay new med krat\n\nDesible fryse the cozade\n\nDOFI EINU KA\n\nNAUTH\n\nThe sile\n\n!\n\n1\n\nVer\n\nDura\n\n1\n\nVertical\n\ntion red by Mr. Bin Singa\n\nmpty Cylinder Lavy gaus far sling sa hur ↑ «Letbook, wakiwi kave his designs on two abjec\n\ny than Savachay and sa da overrule kinetion ho zagladed by “Woman of AL NE Facing band pley, the dat straw Lon\" andher adventure of the strike woman Whan 15 wife makes inte buried marines, Karpiant Flogy and goether ver. 1 kubby like to rain Sulphant Quiri, Kika za Aro thancing bars or wen hin mble Vecina, parts of the machi kavu 14 to ja haloperation he her\n\npool. The rhag ka ba vanjlager\n\n| Str. Fitzroy the převlong day.\n\nCoumiul contended that the no caned was asked a series of quer\n\n\"What Trice tory?\" and \"The Cack smployee d sent in the toes and gums Fred WorldTM Filma Tented for the bin the ew batween repkytam Best future are the Zene Ora Luar te facing by Mr. Fremy from a docu-\n\n*The\n\nHvala, wak Ri- kane, WA 11 Agata\n\nWho The meat before him and which was\n\nchmod apk Tax Wren \"The Sema Pinko AT LANGKAÈn tai skin, while not produced and on which he woul\n\nAt the crusti | prompted by Barmant Kreism-\n\nwith Gorge ('Brien and \"The Bazzal mejnega and NË PAS be d\n\nWho Was The chance of the came in\n\nCAL\" KM Buy AW ME DUNN by Team MM MATTract the Court below arbai, ka mall lý ho Sparring Cherating Te and indelen Edward\n\nww\n\nThe Lee Ponds,\" and in mind t tion. Chernivt in\n\nUncal Sirm, ANAL Etion are that be in supported ku Cullen who played avessee him, an\n\nBy P\n\nF\n\nciia: Han Bans\n\n*The Say!\n\nAir. Flizey's Denial\n\nMr. Fitary replied that that\n\nBrendel | was votarly wrong.\n\nICON\n\n“Maculo 12 dan\n\nto the Philip\n\neh Aaměře\n\nAnd View\n\nKthe adver\n\nWalak's \"W\n\n------- koown the\n\n„Paramount \"adaption at 1psaka, dope the feet the\n\nTrurody.\"\n\nak the year'ı oylabanding\n\nEL\n\ndrama tadeg volan have been kid wall a\n\ni af peng Paramust-seek Wektu z\n\nA\n\nM\n\nENG. Medal any que\n\nIt And #hdraw Hawaii. | allegation, but be nerd cut pat k\n\nBy Sa kavu\n\n...a mikety traversed by Dee. The produ Tom mundi ho vt à Men standard as Helogion and Magal šita adventuzen Tregunda consca work and election. An enon me deig, remnALI ANA\n\nThe ganlys who mada Ekkunarak\"\n\n--\n\nBangla - »\n\nנוי\n\nONN IPE AT ASTORA FITE DETER S FEMININEUNDING\n\n4 The Cars à mata ya mch S LLLNESS DY\n\nexpart, a given a\n\nSAMED UPARMA : 5 Baje a sale (PA),\n\nCafe de tank ESA MHOOGEE NK\n\nMakole.\n\nLENT.\n\nSende ut pt, it was\n\nTOO MUCH RAIN.\n\nTHE HONGKONG WETEN OLUB.\n\n+\n\nGun-Fire to Scatter Clouds Firefert.\n\nThe\n\ndeant were L'ecend point has **\n\nbo had bes Nelle säter kari *** question a man helm time he wan\n\nmtipp at Shops Saturday, 2016 A\n\nmrning at s\n\nThe Ti\n\nThe bell an 1.50 p.m.\n\n• Tupe at\n\nlar\n\nMEMBERS ENCLOSURE\n\nbant Iv\n\nc\n\nLw.\n\nHa Caperdalla mild there was no\n\nHom\n\n-Badgon prominently diedlaved.\n\nTh\n\nHATO\n\nfeat the Leving to galler\n\nInds\n\n!! so for\n\nNo nos with duw be ducisted to the Member Enclo\n\nH\n\nΠότε\n\nthat the rate:\n\nIn all\n\nwith\n\nPing A\n\nk.\n\nin the lemngs ralel, and they in a\n\njeant in the first point, Mr. Estroy\n\nSatu\n\npi\n\npret den attempted to provi\n\nThough the pr\n\nDE AL Xaume” thu Is \"Van \"Mandy Long Legs,\" which laa Fax penalu. 1. Which spans Ho 60- reremmendations a simple sunčeky at the King' romance, in murther that the King's Times, 12. mg leve sama playa doubt that 192\n\nQue half of the good\n\nJRATI\n\nCand then argued that the\n\nMabeled. A For Um it has a hung by ra, that chasing team mỹ pgeht east, handed by Janet Gagner utorack to be finest rent in consider was the and Warner Baxter, anypacing by Vas Pros Glen\n\nThe Go Best Kathy) Chade Gollingwater and WHIL“\n\nThe tape her maderage inkej had un the case.\n\nAmong the English Tina palane te\n\nThe King 198 “A Warm Corner,\" with them to maps, Panama, Sean\n\nLease Bening handing a bla saat\n\nThe post sets l\n\nZpi\n\n10%. \"The Bui Ose\" with 12...\n\nvw the Am\n\namaria, Bicipi ane right to the\n\nCrowt\n\nT==bay.\n\nFert bloc\n\nMaga, and wea\n\nJI\n\nEnder's ViewA\n\nHis Lovedanip, in dealing\n\nA gami\n\nMembers are method that they\n\nneeded to barn end end day be and their Ladies must wear thell\n\nRader! 'membam\n\nThe Xeba Parkoure and chai, kuomu at 3 Coffee Clemen and be for Ladies\n\nretary pon her, auch\n\nDANGER!\n\nYOU ARE A VICTIM OF\n\nHONGKONG FOOT\n\n- X\n\n1 ויי}\n\nare pet\n\nBul\n\nHom\n\nPulling a man va where t\n\nbr\n\ned to Pale, durić\n\nand chop, chapters on all the\n\n::\n\nago.\n\nkega romalam 1.\n\nlone Park are linked and Vienna and Cɔnstantinoplu topal interest and the ther places of a De De Cachet the *** Turtast lu z ze red melty which w much of Chinese history in the Tanabe of the\n\nand the Ming T same way that London in so suck in parson by the of Earlich history and Katebest! - mention the le to make of Scottish Water\n\nchu thora\n\nwho at ng T\n\nmed sound? What did that About 15-re questions that a.)ør read:\n\nmutwick at every line charmine\n\nto the unwary reader, 15. zid they may fall to jenderstand Seku\n\naliment\n\n- mas cut in-,apekre.\" in another occasion,!\n\nsenten in\n\nserie Simpson they prosadia to For that mentioned Bond Street. holy the to one of the m\n\ntermed it, \"Say where, Julius Caesar drawing attent Bond Streette and what it .'\"\n\nil 1L to the material th Prod. Simpana in poking fun at 110ry, the means by which the\n\nmat men te wore a palat armaterial se\n\nCreated a simpla stary, Prof\n\nnom met deals with a comp morativ The Merh\n\ndrawn, lara bimanit open to the thmosh setnext and an th Nan die that bu qasten Tim Clarke, are interesting even with...\n\nTHE TRÊN 10 say who Tema Clarke tage productions.\" Have Blowj ted, Tom Clarke, farmerly a member of\n\nin Jul Comer how Shai KOBART fall the staff of Usa Sauch China Morm Test the Past, in at present editor je a let me burg to lack tha the free elition of her book pen is tur. is set able to share imposeze the opportun\n\n(ie Dowager'a tomb bar London newspaper-- 1 Ventes. Passing to Macbeth, Pif\n\n04, the levar, bagʻng herself 2. Chapters as Peking But Northline'n cietumn's trade or some timely remicy abe of the great fald carts shop, the fun to bursity, for haement and the critics of Shakespe Thursa history, the far and Fernand Northclife, it become necessary and in the Anal lecture on Teach\n\nV drama Lucia the Immacours of her to say who he wen, and that one Night be duals with the mportant Lioa era lay wala the Managers of Shinh than it le lente Prof. Simy various plays were printed\n\nImagine. In mo poore,\n\nnecessary qntion of the dates at which the principal from Rose in Feling for\n\nin in Flonchon\n\nTen to the Plays\n\nthrough whe KABI.\n\nThe Pletin) Side. There could be no better pok for the park\n\nww\n\nPurther Encouragessed,\n\nWhen the lectures were deter An Admirable lift.\n\n2nd on the wirejena na maential part However, It was not Frať, Simp. of the programme was the rad Akough anentially popular se's purpose to demonstrate the ing of selections from the playe than dusest of Tuklay and its wandoto Abazity of thelife' d'etur referred to.\n\nProf. Simpson Belst Halten for the general reader, which to the hd would redure that there is ung intimate region of the the Sonk is not Jacking in scholar wetting to places of interest in the KR: VIL\n\nwed readers with know-Howment, a Capital sat out wellia a pendik tune of Ch\n\nthose meninos Shor Motoral information.\n\nBorn Exited\n\nA p\n\nta\n\nre\n\n15\n\nof a book wal t For my The prepared from the eartipuð (menn ka dhe mes di Cuocomore. will be glad tv!\n\nare it in b same tiike, and ma tam kende stof such the sections referred to in\n\nகாென்பன, Hunt v Postala paladinckeri that the characters Apa\n\noranch An Kiven\n\nexceed in plaga dealt with, Prof. STI Which, along with the Mandarin roman-gun Bret Simms palataly the float of readers will!\n\n* The ** need hava ho froze on that tomber to quicken thaj imalen of proper AMOA of the randor. The the excellent Indar, the list of the avizugu Tekdes skoon ac-ughtiully\n\nare usually engh to discourage in be aluminted by la of the intrations, In-festivals and some of the mapa Jayaintance with Shakomprare la turning to the Diaze with tradi pleasant sibula kata eral that are new to PM author bas undertakana nisen limited to a simple try jinternet and enjoyment.\n\nAfted at mhant. Prof im\n\nThe format of Further Shut PH kedv et 'sprato 14 keeping aluse papn'rcent nature of the subject and the al- more repetal study of tractive MAST in which at bast Three or four plan, the necessary i barn treated. The pubilakēņu are! -ed in the\n\nCouraged mörkt be provided, to be complimented on an exce ath and it was with this thought in, pick! Lhu\n\n|| Ylvable an an aid to further and that he first wrote tha te taken care to explain in\n\nwork. Prof. mpan of ancient And modern Pekrending, particularly sa St Maż turon nud has new published them then that the lectures, will ather Hyacinth Ditchuria bern Me 101 pti dute in the their present form.\n\nland in my pettent enlillen.\n\nkambing. The book is packed with action that \"the study of Shako Taking as his text his own as 1. Und antywowell! Formation sh of weare should be based on an un-\n\nthe\n\nand 1.\n\nf how b\n\nJuring\n\n12\n\ndies are T\n\nW\n\ninally for broadenstag, and co\n\nanar pertain elementa zonalder\n\nof specialty suitable for that par poak, “have not been tempered |\n\n| e» it would use anve\n\nThe bibliophile\n\nConfidence!\n\nHe, boobby uhašty, kia apasar- ance—fodile confidence. Figurally, No is successful and pajusige, Strong bomitky, attractive loath, are essential ta that set of cance\n\nIt's significant that ha god thawrands al ather haakby, successful man usa Squikų Dental Cream. They use it canidan in the karvadedge that I will protect Hair teeth at the Danger Line-ther veinar- abi polat where puma mati fuath, where so much denial trouble actors, and where\n\nleom the dangerous add which being 40 decay and gum diseases, Squibb Dantul Cream, osade with over sc Squibb mik el Magnesia, a 2009- Ing antacid which dembels have we for years, effectively neutroičnes than ocide Bralects the Danger Line and helpis keop the gums fem pad healthy. It comes me gël, ne astringents, nothing to harm the delicate Nouns, I cleans brou Helly but catety, and it is remarkably placent to the testo, Begle the use of Paula Dental Cream Haley.\n\nSQUIBB DENTAL CREAM\n\nQuards the Danger Line\n\nKÖLNE, KARN & GO, IL\n\ncata\n\nE. R. SQUIBB & SONS, NEW YORK Cheran je de\n\nMRS. MOTONO.\n\nHand and Electrle Massage,\n\n91b, Wyndham Street. MISS MARU\n\nment at høy fles or patients\n\nM\n\n400, Mathan Row\n\nARRŞUN K. ANINDSZŲ. 1ÏËM, NONNA, ARTS & KISAKI\n\nRecommanded for many ram Go Crimpia Peak Hosptal ed by ill the bal\n\n24. Wyndham Street Tel\n\nel tion Includes a cost for quotation. alike for derstanding of his storfes and at with in the haps of turning fake Front Jaykhom maaponés görse kemat map of the Forb the intrinsic Interest of the suh appreciation of the means liked to have are the back furslab- Ohy, with the building coloured ject and the delightful manner in he made his stories Ively.\" red for grater clerussa Band-which atas kein gurated, but Prof. Simmon ha constructed. W with an index ertag through the unending thei ranston at counyards and thin e\n\ntom of the Bookshelf four half hour lecture dating would also have appreciate Imposal, a \"posan then to netewartly less that The plays he and alerted for his difficult to supply with such a This view, with four of the best known play strip down the bark with the title. tion of the drug the Forbidden 2-4, 3-\n\nwild na bá completa, perpose are Julion Career The elander volume but none the lasa Cemplane fight ris book at a piece of bank proder Twelfth N'ekt: or What You Wil.\n\nsad sauted to extrol the Merchant of Venice, Kachet and welcome when there.-M. e porose- and a map on worth of the Press of Madera. Before coming to the play with\n\ndelight to porn Kally & Walak Hid, from when which it deals, mch chapter sets bringing out a plody of the caden\n\nbirders. WE HATE Journed to expert\n\nAllen and Cowin are doctor Ever Peking\"\n\ndla Karal remarks about \"Though no longer the caplast ghest order.\n\nFiprison as well as practice espeare and his work and tion, entitled \"Lauashing and * China,\" wellan Julet Brem (the paper and the Imntent ona ara; (bieling part of Law book.\n\nlang sa taka from not the least they\n\nTehn Par East,' by Misa Trda MISS TAKAMURA In one of the reload pottfans of all excellent and othing more Desling with Shakespeare's art, in\n\nTrising real one of attractive devamad in the fent chapter, Prof. Power Wears. Jonathan Casa's Trurol- text \"Blog\" cition in the the way of a gift book, partieslar points out that the best way to and reverenza la due to tly from the paint of ew of the pr ancient\n\nThe\n\nwork\n\nTory\n\nSat, 21 Play lucky cipient.\n\nTh\n\n·\n\n•\n\nElectric and Hond\n\nOw of the latest addition to\n\nHommage Expen\n\n14 Wyndham Street\n\nIl performed in the theatre by Echoen of Japan Inter Life, By\n\nFirst Floor\n\ntake quite a la ane tih Jers, Library la Kokora, Him And\n\nLafeadin Read\n\nMedical Profesian Sinza\n\nTOCKTAKING\n\nALE! GENUINE REDUCTIONS OF FROM 10% TO 30%.\n\nTO MAKE ROOM FOR NEW STOCK MI-TAJMAHAL\n\nSILK STORE\n\nKing's Theatre Building D'Aguilar Street,\n\nof all the ad! wonderful b motive! most wonderful thing\n\nM\n\nThe dog man w\n\nIF YOUR\n\nit ba\n\n*The Bad\n\nMacmilk\n\nThe motor\n\nah...\n\nMarion\n\nDAVIES\n\nARIANNE\n\nMarion Davies will tell you what it is in a wonderful way\n\nDet mire the\n\npicture.\n\nAdded Attraction\n\nFox New\n\n-Commencing October, 25th.-\n\nM. M. production.\n\n\"MADAME X\"\n\nCOMMENCING SUNDAY AT THE QUEEN'S\n\nEX-DOLORES\n\nDEL RIO\n\n\"BAD ONE\"\n\nUNITED\n\n-EDMUND\n\nWE LOWE\n\n++ תרי\n\nThe\n\nOne.\"\n\nCommode Vandrehte in du tainas 40 mothe\n\nHaplorer la take advantage vĩ marsh Fich of a prisoner 19 kay patu DATE been pokémo\n\nKowald E\n\npremta Model Ra in Arctle explore new here\n\nwaterft.al vate enteng Lase\n\n* hurt af | Kechik\n\n2 straks | mada nə\n\nT\n\nודייי\n\nAll derided to charge ze palett\n\ngenre being braid to charge, tha\n\nfi..\n\nFEET\n\nPelice Rickt\n\n1\n\nLice ofrer we put\n\nと\n\nDON'T DELAY - APPLY\n\nABSORBINE JE\n\nIT KILLS THE GERMS OF\n\nHONGKONG FOOT\n\nALAND ATWOMPINE DE – NOW — 11 ki.18 Uhermafbok KONG\n\nני קל\n\nן\n\nkkk i EAIS the\n\nackly.\n\nWe\n\nJTCH BURN the Meeting.\n\nTam are obtulykkly at PEEL P.-- movided that CRACK Penad Tom The No 1 kg 3\n\num 1 Mid Gelaber BLISTER\n\n|:\n\n1920.\n\nthe\n\n10\n\nTele\n\nPUBLIC ENCLOSURE\n\n1\n\npist tɔ the\n\nt\n\n1\n\nיז' Bethevert, der Bernama LiDALJE\n\nKevin La\n\nBurc\n\nder. CROWN,\n\nSecretary-\n\nاجد\n\nHannah .:\n\nFirst, the text is re-formatted into standard Markdown, correcting headers, sub-headers, bold-type, and tables using Markdown table syntax.\n\nHere is the corrected and reformatted text in HTML as per the instructions:\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1931.\n\nBOOKSHELF.\n\nINDO-CHINA PARADISE. SHAKESPEARE'S PLAYS.\n\nHealth Resort in Hills of Annam.\n\nAN ATTRACTIVE BOOK.\n\nOne of the Loves garden spots, commonly known as the Parade of Indo-China, where H. Paul Doumer, then Governor, decided in 1895 to establish a health resort. Some years later, Governor Doumer completed the preliminary work and established a zamindari, which has a cinema attached.\n\nA great deal has been added to the station, and these are, including ... of mulled...y, a psychological problem, not a menace of lunar... Bong... a number of separate villas were erected. As a health resort, it has proved a great success.\n\nProf. Simpson's Radio Lectures.\n\nThe literature concerning Shakespeare is vast. Pekin... und... work, what a vast amount will ever realize Peking and not wet... weeting he might have spared Passing so it is saw officially call the world.\n\nThe third edition retains the original title of the book, mounting. The aspect that a opera may apology for hancared to excite either wonder... Milton to make change Murray.\n\nAlready the literature concerning Shakespeare is vast. The author has no more interest in the manuscripts, all of which are at Pekme th...\n\nMr. J. L. Feed Mokitur. Lauru, saya, \"of three.\n\n...\n\nTo Your Friends at Home Christmas with a suitable Gift from \"Hongkong TEA\n\nPrice per 3 catty box $18.50 net (Approx 7 lb.)\n\nFinest Fo.com > Per 5 catty box $17.00 net\n\n„Mauge Pakos Peyta 5 lbs. $17.60 net. THE PRICES QUOTED INCLUDE ALL CHARGES to any add was in the Corvel Kingdom, GINGER IN SYRUP In syrup barnat Memo SPECIALLY SELECTED FOR US. Portest of tina 5 lb jars. $18.00 net. Per case of Twelve 24 1. pats, $21.00 bet\n\nTUE PRICES QUOTED INCLUDE FREIGHT PAID to London Docka mole DRIED GINGER IN TINS Te pareof x 1 lb, ins. $10.50 net Including age to the United Kingdom.\n\nORDER EARLY, LANE, CRAWFORD, LTD. Grocery Dept. Tel. 25813.\n\nK\n\nRESTRINGING AND REPAIRS. We take a COMMERCIAL PRick a son work RAÇERIŲ PAGEág ky on enny with Thing (HARANPE | RESTRIN\n\nAAA DUNLOP POTESTA ATIN AMERICAN ORGA [WUN cur OWN SUPERFINE seunted Caloun) L7 רים with Our DAWON OUT NO. A WARNINGAPORE ONO 27 WAL CHINA GU 207 AUTERIINE N OWN A Out, and duly stunzsataed doe Umenia.\n\n...\n\nSQUIBB DENTAL CREAM\n\nQuards the Danger Line\n\nKÖLNE, KARN & GO, IL\n\ncata\n\nE. R. SQUIBB & SONS, NEW YORK Cheran je de\n\nMRS. MOTONO.\n\nHand and Electric Massage,\n\n91b, Wyndham Street. MISS MARU\n\nment at høy fles or patients\n\nM\n\n400, Mathan Row\n\nARRŞUN K. ANINDSZŲ. 1ÏËM, NONNA, ARTS & KISAKI\n\nRecommanded for many ram Go Crimpia Peak Hosptal ed by ill the bal\n\n24. Wyndham Street Tel\n\nel tion Includes a cost for quotation. alike for derstanding of his storfes and at with in the haps of turning fake Front Jaykhom maaponés görse kemat map of the Forb the intrinsic Interest of the suh appreciation of the means liked to have are the back furslab- Ohy, with the building coloured ject and the delightful manner in he made his stories Ively.\" red for grater clerussa Band-which atas kein gurated, but Prof. Simmon ha constructed. W with an index ertag through the unending thei ranston at counyards and thin e\n\n...\n\nMADAME X\" COMMENCING SUNDAY AT THE QUEEN'S\n\nEX-DOLORES DEL RIO \"BAD ONE\"\n\nUNITED -EDMUND WE LOWE\n\n...\n\nDON'T DELAY - APPLY ABSORBINE JE\n\nIT KILLS THE GERMS OF HONGKONG FOOT\n\n...\n\nPage 177",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933.txt",
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    {
        "id": 549064,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-554-5 Commission of Enquiry into the Hong Kong trade depression- correspondence and report 27-3-1935 - 11-8-1935",
        "page_number": 139,
        "title": "CO129-554-5 Commission of Enquiry into the Hong Kong trade depression- correspondence and report 27-3-1935 - 11-8-1935",
        "content_text": "ILUNGNANTONG\n\nTO TEENS SHIR¥+9+\n\nLOKONGTUNG\n\n  \n    | | 210.000,\n    ICANTON\n  \n  \n    PAN\n    \n  \n  \n    TSINKONEYUEN\n    YU\n  \n  \n    NAM\n    HOL\n  \n  \n    SHIK PAY\n    CHL PI\n  \n  \n    JOO M\n    CANTON\n  \n  \n    KOWLOON\n    \n  \n  \n    SHA TSUR\n    RAILWAY\n  \n  \n    3. TONE MI SAN TONG\n    RAILWAY\n  \n  \n    SKA PO\n    KUT SHAN\n  \n  \n    NAN KOKO\n    WHAMFOA\n  \n  \n    HONAM I.\n    HƯ CHUNG\n  \n  \n    LONG\"\n    FAT SHAN (Pop. 186,666)\n  \n  \n    CHAN CHIN\n    \n  \n  \n    KON\n    LUNG SHAN\n  \n  \n    SHUN TAK\n    TAHUN\n  \n  \n    UNWYŻ\n    SUN\n  \n  \n    Wor\n    KONGMOON\n  \n  \n    TAI SHER\n    LOʻYUNG KI\n  \n  \n    KWAICROW\n    TITSKER\n  \n  \n    SHIRI\n    SAHAWAN\n  \n  \n    SHEKI AU\n    TAIWAN\n  \n  \n    SHEKKI\n    SHAKAL\n  \n  \n    HEUNG SHAN\n    PINGFUNG\n  \n  \n    MACAO\n    KUN TO YA\n  \n  \n    TAIPINE\n    SIEN TSUNCOM\n  \n  \n    SHER MY SHEK TAN\n    SHEK LUNG\n  \n  \n    TUNG\n    FERRY TO TAIPING *\n  \n  \n    CARTOR\n    LINTIN I\n  \n  \n    C.M,C. STN\n    SHERLIK KOU\n  \n  \n    CHA SHAR\n    HAM SHEN\n  \n  \n    [P&P 100,000]\n    WANG LIK\n  \n  \n    N.\n    SHEUNG PING\n  \n  \n    ITU TONG\"\n    KUN\n  \n  \n    CHEUNG\n    MUK TAU\n  \n  \n    TẠI CHAM TA C.M.C. STN.\n    STEAMER TO MACAO\n  \n  \n    M\n    SAN\n  \n  \n    NAM TOW\n    ► (POP 50,000)\n  \n  \n    LANTAC\n    ON\n  \n  \n    LUM TSUN\n    TOKE TAU HA\n  \n  \n    =40 M\n    J\n  \n  \n    TONEHA\n    TO TEENG SHINE\n  \n  \n    POK LO HSIEN (POP. 342,500)\n    TURN WOI\n  \n  \n    TSIKOKAINE\n    MOTOR BOAT TO CANTON\n  \n  \n    WAI CHOW\n    VAAKWAI\n  \n  \n    SHIN SHLEN\n    (POP, WA! YEUNG DIST. (15,800)\n  \n  \n    WAI YEUNG\n    \n  \n  \n    SANHOE\n    | PAKKONGEN\n  \n\np. 132.\n\nAPPENDIX \"D\".\n\n  \n    LPING SHAN\n    \n  \n  \n    PFANWOKUNG\n    TAN SHUI (POP-100,000)\n  \n  \n    TIN TONS WA\n    \n  \n  \n    LUNG KONG\n    KUN LAN HU\n  \n  \n    QUTAO KONG\n    HAO HOT WAN\n  \n  \n    DEEP MY!\n    ISLAND\n  \n  \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    PING WU\n    \n  \n  \n    •LUNO WA\n    Wang Könü\n  \n  \n    ILI LONG 6:20\n    54.\n  \n  \n    PU KUT\n    SHATAO\n  \n  \n    BHAZAUKOK\n    \n  \n  \n    SHUR CHUN MITJA\n    (POP 20,000)\n  \n  \n    SHUN CHUN\n    \n  \n  \n    SHEUNG SHUI\n    FANLING\n  \n  \n    TAIPO MARKET\n    UENLONG\n  \n  \n    FSHATIN\n    • TUNNEL\n  \n  \n    FERRY TOTAL\n    BAY\n  \n  \n    \n    163\n  \n  \n    KA VE CHUNG\n    BAY\n  \n  \n    PRACHOI\n    FERRY TO OUTAG KONG\n  \n\nREFERENCE:-\n\nSAMUN T\n\nSE/ GMC, STN.\n\nD\n\nTRANSPORTATION MAP\n\nKOWLOON TO CANTON.\n\n  \n    BOUNDARIES INTERNATIONAL\n    ———————————·\n  \n  \n    STEAMERS, FERRIES & JUNKS ROUTE.\n    — — —➖➖➖\n  \n  \n    — ROADS UNDER CONSTRUCTION.\n    \n  \n\n17\n\nA YAUMATI\n\nDISTRICT.\n\nRAILWAY.\n\nKOWLOON\n\n  \n    \"J\n    STATIONS\n  \n  \n    \"\n    POP\n  \n  \n    \"\n    HALTS\n  \n  \n    1843 BOOR\n    \n  \n  \n    HONG KONG\n    MILES O\n  \n  \n    OPEN\n    PATHS.------\n  \n  \n    15\n    20 MILES\n  \n  \n    thuara\n    \n  \n  \n    MANAGER AND CHIEF ENGINEER, K-C.R.\n    \n  \n  \n    DECEMBER 1934",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-554-5 Commission of Enquiry into the Hong Kong trade depression- correspondence and report 27-3-1935 - 11-8-1935.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 557956,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-567-4 Traffic of arms to China and Japanese air-raids on Kowloon-Canton railway 3-1-1938 - 3-5-1938",
        "page_number": 97,
        "title": "CO129-567-4 Traffic of arms to China and Japanese air-raids on Kowloon-Canton railway 3-1-1938 - 3-5-1938",
        "content_text": "Copy\n\n22nd February, 1938.\n\n97\n\nThe Managing Director,\n\nDear Sir,\n\nI have the honour to report that the Railway was bombed by enemy planes yesterday near Tung Shan and at Che Pi, Tai Chung, Tong Lok and Tin Tong Wai. The following is the number of bombs dropped and damage done to the Railway at various places:\n\n7.35-5.10 hours. 6 bombs by planes, 1 at Km. 109/13 (Tong Tou La) and 5 between Km.110/0 and 110/8, without damage to the Railway.\n\n8.10 hours. 2 bombs by 8 planes at Bridge No.25 (3-span steel Girder) Km.19.403 (Tai Chung), killing one woman near the bridge.\n\n11.00 hours. 4 bombs by 1 plane between Km.4/2 and 4/5 (near Tung Shan) making 3 craters on bank slopes and about 100 feet of track was disturbed.\n\nBetween 13.40 & 14.10 hours. 5 bombs by 2 planes, 2 at Km. 110/1 (Tong Tou Hs) without damage to the Railway, and 3 in front of Tin Tong Wai station damaging 5 rails and telegraph wires. The Goods Shelter collapsed through explosion of the bombs.\n\n14.15 hours. 1 bomb by 1 plane at Che Pi Bridge Km. 13 without damage. The roof of the Porters' quarters was destroyed through explosion of the bomb.\n\nRepairs were immediately carried out for train passage.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nA. E. Street, Engineer-in-Chief.\n\nCopy to A. P. Blunt, Consul-General, H.B.M. Consulate-General, CANTON. for favour of note.\n\n(signed) A. E. Street",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-567-4 Traffic of arms to China and Japanese air-raids on Kowloon-Canton railway 3-1-1938 - 3-5-1938.txt",
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        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 558225,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-567-5 Traffic of arms to China and Japanese air-raids on Kowloon-Canton railway 11-4-1938 - 19-1-1939",
        "page_number": 102,
        "title": "CO129-567-5 Traffic of arms to China and Japanese air-raids on Kowloon-Canton railway 11-4-1938 - 19-1-1939",
        "content_text": "To\n\nCOPY\n\n103\n\n164 to Embassy.\n\nof 86th August, 1938.\n\n24th August 1938.\n\nThe Managing Director.\n\nDear Sir,\n\nAIR RAIDS: 23rd AUGUST 1938.\n\nI have to report the following serial attacks by enemy planes, and damage sustained by the Railway on the 23rd instant:\n\nAbout 6.30 hours. 5 bombs were dropped at Km.81 (Wang Lik Sheung Ping) by 4 planes aiming at No. 119 bridge (3–20' deck girder), but without any damage to the bridge or track.\n\nBetween 6.45-7.00 hours. 4 bombs were dropped at Km.98/5-6 (Cheung Muk Tau) by 4 planes. The only damage was that the telephone and telegraph wires were interrupted. 1 village woman was injured.\n\nAbout 3.40 hours. 3 bombs were dropped at Km.14/11 (Che Pi - Kut Chan) by 3 planes, but no damage was done to the track. 4 villagers were killed.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nA. H. Street,\n\nEngineer-in-Chief.\n\nCopy to A. F. Blunt, Esq.,\n\nConsul-General,\n\nH.B.M. Consulate-General,\n\nCANTON.\n\nfor favour of information.\n\n(sd) A. H. Street,\n\nC. K. R.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-567-5 Traffic of arms to China and Japanese air-raids on Kowloon-Canton railway 11-4-1938 - 19-1-1939.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 562747,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-573-1 Vacancy for Deputy Shipping Master in Mercantile Marine office of the Harbour Department 13-4-1938 - 18-1-1939",
        "page_number": 11,
        "title": "CO129-573-1 Vacancy for Deputy Shipping Master in Mercantile Marine office of the Harbour Department 13-4-1938 - 18-1-1939",
        "content_text": "# (*2643—150) Wt. 16318-94 15,000 7/38 T.S. 695\n\nC. O.\n\n**Mr. Buckle**  \n**Mr. A. J. Dawe**  \n**Sir H. Moore**  \n**Sir G. Tomlinson**  \n**Sir J. Shuckburgh**  \nPermt. U.S. of S.  \nParly. U.S. of S.  \nSecretary of State\n\n## DRAFT\n\nHong Kong 990\n\nFURTHER ACTION\n\n| Cam BT. LE | Noli | Litelly Pi | Copyko BIT 16 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n\nJ-3908732  \nand 12  \n10  \n10  \n\nw. R. Hilly  \nChief Jun  \nHorbene  \nInspirin, Harbour Dini,  \nbery ing  \nis to an hour  \nShipping  \n\n? m G. W. Coush,",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-573-1 Vacancy for Deputy Shipping Master in Mercantile Marine office of the Harbour Department 13-4-1938 - 18-1-1939.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    }
]