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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-191 - Public Offices & Others - 1880",
        "page_number": 177,
        "title": "CO129-191 - Public Offices & Others - 1880",
        "content_text": "take on board or land at Dover, as well as at other British ports where they may be obliged to put in, any passengers of whatever nation they may be, with their wearing-apparel and luggage, and also with their horses and carriages, on condition that the captains of the said packets shall conform to the regulations of the United Kingdom concerning the arrival and departure of travellers.\n\n\"They shall be prohibited from conveying goods or merchandize on freight, with the exception, however, of postal packets and small parcels, the weight of which shall be limited by mutual agreement between the two Offices.\"\n\n\"Art. XIII. In case of war between the two nations, the mail-packets shall continue their navigation without impediment or molestation, until a notification is made on the part of either of the two Governments that the service is to be discontinued, in which case they shall be permitted to return freely, and under special protection, to the port in Belgium where they were fitted out.'\n\nSimilar clauses were inserted in the Convention Hertslet's Treaties, vol. vi, p. 349. with France of the 3rd April, 1843, and 24th September, 1856.\n\nIn the latter Convention, Article V ran thus:----\n\n\"When the packets employed by the British Post Office or by the French Post Office in execution of Articles I and II of the present Convention are national vessels, the property of Government, or vessels chartered or subsidized by Government, they shall be considered and treated as Vessels of war in the ports of the two countries at which they regularly or accidentally touch, and be there entitled to the same honours and privileges.\"\n\nClauses then followed with regard to their exemption from port duties, &c., their liberty to carry passengers, and their non-molestation in the event of war, similar to those inserted in the Belgian Treaty above mentioned; but with reference to passengers it was added that\n\n\"the passengers admitted on board those packets who did not think fit to land during the stay at one of the said ports should not, under any pretext, be removed from on board, be liable to any search, or be subjected to the formality of a visa of their passports. And as\n\nConventions with France.\n\nHertslet's Treaties, vol. ix, p. 182\n\nBuenos Ayres. Decree,\n\nTreaty with Mexico.\n\nIbid., vol. iii, p. 247.\n\nreference is specially made in Article V to these packets as being those which were employed in execution of Articles I and II of the Convention, it may be as well to describe their provisions.\n\nArticle I stipulated for the regular exchange of letters by means of two lines of steam-packets, one to be maintained or subsidized by the British Government, and the other by the French Government, on the line between Dover and Calais.\n\nArticle II then declared that, \"independently of the correspondence which should be exchanged between the Post Offices of the two countries by the route pointed out in the preceding Article, those offices might eventually forward from one to the other letters, &c., by the several routes thereinafter enumerated, and which were thus described:---\n\n\"1. By the packets which the British Government and the French Government might respectively think it right to maintain, to freight, or to subsidize for the conveyance of correspondence.\n\n2. By merchant-ships plying between the British and French ports.\"\n\nUnder this stipulation French mail-packets have been treated in British Colonial harbours as ships of war.\n\nBut to cite other instances:-\n\nOn the 10th April, 1824, a Decree was issued by the Government of Buenos Ayres, containing regulations which had been agreed upon with the British Consul-General, for the Post Office packets of Great Britain; by Article 9 of which it was declared that those packets were relieved from all port-dues, but that the passengers and crew would be subject to the regulations and general police of the country.\n\nAgain, the Treaty of Commerce, &c., concluded with Mexico, on the 26th December, 1826, contained the following Article:-\n\n\"Art. II. The respective ships of war and Post Office packets of the two countries shall have liberty freely and securely to come to all harbours, rivers, and places, saving only such particular ports (if any) to which other foreign ships of war and\n\n[79]\n\nC\n\n174",
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    {
        "id": 307610,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-191 - Public Offices & Others - 1880",
        "page_number": 188,
        "title": "CO129-191 - Public Offices & Others - 1880",
        "content_text": "24\n\nHIGH COURT OF JUSTICE ADMIRALTY DIVISION *\n\nARREST OF FOREIGN SHIP. JURISDICTION.\n\nThe \"Daring\" v. \"The Parlement Belge.”\n\n(Before Sir R. J. Phillimore, February 4, 25, 26, and March 15.)\n\nTHIS was a motion on behalf of Messrs. Sandford, of Dover, the owners of the steam-tug \"Daring\" against the Belgian Government, the owners of the mail packet \"Parlement Belge,\" for damages for a collision in Dover Harbour on the 14th February last year.\n\nThe case was fully argued before the Court by Mr. Webster and Dr. W. Phillimore for the plaintiffs; and the Solicitor-General, Dr. Deane, and Mr. Bowen for the Crown, when the Court reserved judgment.†\n\nHis Lordship now delivered the considered judgment of the Court, and said : \"In this case questions of international and public law of the gravest importance have been raised. The Court has to acknowledge the great assistance which it has derived from the learned and able arguments of Counsel, especially the liability in a case which is, I believe, primæ impressionis, and which must be decided upon general principles of analogous law rather than any direct precedent.\n\n\"On the 16th February, 1878, the owners of the steam-tug \"Daring\" served a writ on board the steam-ship \"Parlement Belge\" against the owners of that vessel and her freight, in which they claimed the sum of 3,500l. for damage arising out of a collision which occurred between that vessel and the steam-tug \"Daring\" on the 14th February, 1878, off Dover. The defendants put in an appearance, and took no steps whatever. The plaintiffs have proceeded by default, and taken the usual and proper course, and, the case being ripe for judgment, the plaintiffs on the 25th January in this year gave notice on the 4th February that the Court would be moved to direct judgment, with costs, to be entered for them in respect of the damages so claimed, and that the usual order might be made of reference to the Registrar and merchants, and that a warrant should issue, the action being in rem, against the steam-ship \"Parlement Belge.\" Having looked at the papers and pleadings, I perceived that the arrest of the ship and the judgment which were prayed might affect the prerogative of the Crown and its relations with a foreign State; I, therefore, directed that they might have an opportunity, if they thought fit, of showing cause against the prayer of the plaintiffs. The Attorney-General has appeared, and filed what is called an information and protest, which I will now read :\n\n\"Before and at the time of the alleged collision, and thenceforward till the present time, the \"Parlement Belge\" was one of the mail packets running between Ostend and Dover, and one of the packets mentioned in Article VI of the Convention of February 1876, hereinafter referred to. During the period hereinbefore mentioned, and at all material times, the said packets were, and are, the property of His Majesty the King of the Belgians, and in his possession, control, and employ, as reigning Sovereign of the State of Belgium, and have been, and still are, public vessels of the Government and sovereign State of Belgium, carrying his said Majesty's Royal pennon, and were, and are, being navigated and employed by and in the possession of such Government, and not otherwise. The said packets were, and are, officered by officers of the Royal Belgian Navy, holding commissions from His Majesty the King of the Belgians, and in the pay and service of his Government. The said officers are appointed by, and under the control and orders of, the Belgian Minister of Public Works. During the period hereinbefore mentioned, and at all material times, a Convention, dated the 17th February, 1876, has been, and is, in force between Her Majesty the Queen and His Majesty the King of the Belgians—to a copy of which, in the French and English languages, the defendants crave leave to refer, as if the said Convention were duly set forth at length. During the period hereinbefore mentioned, and at all material times, the \"Parlement Belge\" was carrying the public mails under the said Convention, between and for the Royal Post Offices of Great Britain and Belgium. The Attorney-General, under protest, says that this honourable Court has no jurisdiction to entertain this suit, and that the plaintiffs cannot prosecute the same herein.'\n\n\"I have had the advantage of an argument from the Solicitor-General on the whole case. The protest of the Attorney-General raises a question of constitutional law and a question of international law, both of great moment, and which I will endeavour to consider separately. By this protest it is in substance contended that this steam-ship, the 'Parlement Belge,' is not amenable to the process of this Court; first, on the ground that she is the property of the King of the Belgians at the time of the collision, and was controlled and employed by him; secondly, that Her Majesty the Queen, by a Convention with the King of the Belgians, has placed this packet-boat in the category of a public ship of war. I will endeavour to deal with these questions in the order in which I have stated them, though, perhaps, they cannot be kept quite distinct. It is expedient to make this preliminary observation, which is important in its bearing upon one, if not both, of the questions. The collision in this case took place in Dover Harbour, that is, within the body of a county; and, therefore, previously to the year 1840, this Court would have had no jurisdiction in the matter; but by the joint operation of the Statutes 3 and 4 Vict., cap. 65, and 24 Vict., cap. 10, this Court was given a jurisdiction both in rem and in personam in cases where the collision happened in a harbour, as well as upon the high seas. It follows, therefore, that the plaintiffs have a statutable right of action against the \"Parlement Belge,\" unless that vessel be of that privileged class which are not amenable to a Court of law. The burden of proving that she does belong to this class lies upon the defendants, more especially as it appears from the papers before me that she was engaged in carrying on commerce, however limited in its nature, at the time of the collision.\n\nI turn now to the consideration of the first question raised in the protest. I had occasion to consider most, if not all, of the authorities upon this point in the case of the 'Charkieh.' I desire to state at once that, in my opinion, a public ship of war belonging to a State at amity with Her Majesty is exempt from the jurisdiction of this Court. This proposition is maintained in the recent case of the 'Constitution,' and it has been laid down in a variety of cases adjudicated on both in our Courts and in those of the United States of North America, and it may be considered, notwithstanding certain dicta in the case of the 'Prinz Frederic,' to be firmly rooted in the jurisprudence of both these countries.\n\nIt has been contended on the part of the Crown, not that the 'Parlement Belge' is a ship of war in the general sense of that word, but that she is used, as hereinbefore stated, as a mail packet, the property of the Crown of Belgium, carrying the Royal pennon and officered by commissioned officers of the Royal Belgian Navy. On the other hand, it must be taken that she is not a public armed ship constituting a part of the military force of the nation; nor is she a vessel, so to speak, of pleasure belonging to the Crown, and on that ground, perhaps, by the comity of nations, in the class of privileged ships.\n\nIn the case of the 'Charkieh' I said :— \"I am not prepared to deny that a private vessel (for instance, the yacht of the Sultan, though equipped for pleasure and not for war, would be entitled by international comity—at least, so long as it is not withdrawn by the State conceding it—as international law, to the same immunity as a ship of war, and though dicta to the contrary may be found in the writings of some jurists.\"\n\n\"Since that time I have not found reason to alter the opinion I then expressed. The especial duty of the 'Parlement Belge' (to follow the terms of the Treaty, to which I will presently advert) is the conveyance of the mails. But though such be the especial duty of the packet, it is by no means its sole occupation. Mr. Gregory has made an affidavit in the following words :\n\n\"That I, on the 8th February, 1879, attended at the office of the Continental Daily Parcels Express to make inquiries as to the conveyance of goods and merchandize from London to Belgium, viâ Dover, to Ostend, by the mail boats, and in reply to my inquiries I was handed the exhibit marked with the letter A, hereunto annexed. That the exhibit referred to is a sort of time and charge Table relative to the conveyance by the Government mail packets, viâ Dover, Ostend, and Calais, of samples of every description, papers, plans, books, articles for private use, luggage, and packets of all kinds up to 200 lbs. weight, between England and the Continent, via France, Belgium, &c. By a reference to paragraph 5 thereof, it appears that the said Continental Daily Parcels Express has been in existence for the last thirty years, and, further that they ship their goods to Belgium by the mail boat, viâ Ostend. I asked a gentleman in the office of the said Continental Daily Parcels Express whether there was any other means by which they could be sent to Belgium, and the reply was, \"No; we can only ship by the mail boats, via Dover and Ostend.\" With reference to paragraph 9 of the Exhibit A, it appears there is no limit as to the size or weight of the parcels that are so shipped, the printed Tariff in the last page going up to 200 lbs., but stating, as to the rates generally, as well as to the special rates to Ostend alone, what additional charge is made for every 10 lbs. according to the Tariff'\n\n\"The 'Parlement Belge,' it would appear, is neither a public ship of war nor a private pleasure vessel belonging to the Crown of Belgium, nor is she a public ship sent by the Government on an exploring expedition, like those employed in the Arctic Expedition, all of which ships, it should be observed, belonging to England, were regularly commissioned as ships of war: she is simply a packet conveying certain mails, and carrying on a considerable commerce, officered, as I have said, by Belgian officers, and flying the Belgian pennon. Can such a vessel so employed be entitled to the privileges of a public ship of war? The analogy between the immunity of the Ambassador and a ship of war is obvious. It has been holden by high authority, both in this and other countries, that an Ambassador may lose his privilege by engaging in commerce. Indeed, Lord Campbell was of opinion, that in such a case all his goods unconnected with his diplomatic functions may be arrested to force him to appear, and may afterwards, while he continues, be taken in\n\n25",
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    {
        "id": 328021,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-220 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 399,
        "title": "CO129-220 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "397 \n\nsatisfaction to all the British Communities in China and elsewhere in the world perhaps no greater variety of small articles obtainable which cannot well be sent to friends at home otherwise than through the Post. There is a constant endeavour to send such things by Book or Sample Post, and their refusal leads to much disappointment.\n\n3. Taking the Paris Convention: 1880, and all1⁄2 Blackwood's letter of December 11th 1884 as guides, I infer that the Postage on a parcel would be computed somewhat as follows.\n\nHongkong to France | \n--- | \nSea-rate | Fr. 2.10 \nEgypt | .50 \nShare of United Kingdom | 3.00 \n\"United Kingdom\" | 2:10 + 7.70 = Fr. 1.10 per lb.\n\nI would suggest that the postage on parcels exchanged between the United Kingdom and Hongkong be fixed at 1/- per lb in England or 30 cents in Hong Kong. At present rates of Exchange, 30 cents is equivalent to a fraction more than one shilling.\n\n4. (Entirely by P. & O. steamer viâ Suez and Gibraltar) \n\nThese rates compare favourably with those at present charged by the Indian Parcel Post Administration, which are 1/4 per lb to the Straits Settlements, not including free delivery.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-220 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [1-3].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 338267,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-240 - Public Offices & Others - 1888",
        "page_number": 195,
        "title": "CO129-240 - Public Offices & Others - 1888",
        "content_text": "## EN. 131-1 DE JUNHO DE 1888\n\n4.* Os importadores e exportadores de opio em Macau deverão ter (por forma de escrituração, segundo o modelo que lhe será fornecido pelo governo) uma indicação exacta e clara da quantidade de opio que tiverem, a quantidade e depósito.\n\n5. Só o arrematante do exclusivo do opio em Macau e as pessoas que tiverem licença para vender opio a retalho poderão conservar em seu poder opio em quantidades inferiores a uma caixa.\n\n6. Os regulamentos para execução d'esta lei em Macau serão equivalentes aos adoptados em Hong Kong para semelhante fim.\n\n## Artigo II\n\nAs licenças para exportar opio de Macau para os portos chinezes, depois de expedidas, serão comunicadas pelo superintendente ao comissário da alfandega de Kung-pac-nan.\n\n## Artigo III\n\nAs estipulações d'esta convenção poderão, em qualquer tempo, ser alteradas por mútuo acordo das duas altas partes contratantes.\n\nE em fé do que os plenipotenciários assignaram e sellaram a presente convenção.\n\nFeita em Pekim no primeiro dia do mez de dezembro do anno de Nosso Senhor Jesus Christo de 1887, que corresponde à data chineza do dia decimo setimo da decima lua do decimo terceiro anno de Kuang-Sü.\n\n(L. S.) Thomás de Sousa Rosa. (L. S.) Ching. (L. S.) Sun.\n\n4. The importers and exporters of opium in Macau must keep a register according to the form furnished by the government, showing with exactness and clearness the quantity of opium they have imported, the number of chests they have sold, to whom and to what place they were disposed of, and the quantity in stock.\n\nOnly the Macau opium farmer and persons licensed to sell opium at retail will be permitted to keep in their custody raw opium in quantities inferior to one chest.\n\n6. Regulations framed to enforce in Macau the execution of this law will be equivalent to those adopted in Hong-Kong for a similar purpose.\n\n## Article II\n\nPermits for the exportation of opium from Macau into Chinese ports, after being issued, shall be communicated by the Superintendent of opium to the Commissioner of customs at Kang-pac-man.\n\n## Article III\n\nBy mutual consent of both the High Contracting Parties, the stipulations of this convention may be altered at any time.\n\nIn faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed and Sealed this convention.\n\nPeking this first day of December in the year of our Lord Jesus Christ one thousand eight hundred and eighty-seven, corresponding with the Chinese date the 17th day of the 10th moon of the 13th year of Kwongsu.\n\n(L. S.) Thomás de Sousa Rosa. (L. S.) Ching. (L. S.) Sun.\n\nE tendo bem visto, considerado e examinado tudo o que no mesmo tratado e convenção se contém, e havendo encontrado um e outro em harmonia com o protocolo ajustado em Lisboa, aos 26 de março de 1887, e aprovado pelas cortes gerais, tendo presente o artigo 2.º da carta de lei de 13 de julho de 1887, ratifico e confirmo o sobredito tratado e convenção apponso, assim no todo, como em cada uma de suas clausulas e estipulações, e pela presente os dou por firmes e validos para haverem de produzir o seu devido efeito, prometendo observal-os e cumpril-os invariavelmente, e fazel-os cumprir e observar por qualquer modo que possa ser.\n\nEu, em testemunho e firmeza do sobredito, fiz passar a presente carta, por mim assignada, passada com o sello grande das minhas armas e referendada pelo ministro e secretario d'estado abaixo assignado. Dada no paço da Ajuda, em 1 de fevereiro de 1888. — EL-REI (com rubrica e guarda). — Henrique de Barros Gomes.\n\nHei por bem confirmar e ratificar o convenio celebrado em Pekin, no dia 1 de dezembro de 1887, entre Bernardo Pinheiro Correia do Mello, secretario da nossa missão especial àquela corte, e Sir Robert Hart, inspector geral das alfandegas maritimas imperiaes chinezas, para resolver algumas questões que têm relação com a cooperação dada por Portugal à China na cobrança dos direitos do opio, e bem assim fixar as regras a que ficarão sujeitos os juncos chinezes que commerciarem com Macau, o qual convenio vai junto a este decreto, e d'elle fará parte, a fim de que tenha pleno vigor.\n\nO ministro e secretario d'estado dos negocios estrangeiros o tenha entendido e faça executar. Paço da Ajuda, aos 7 de junho de 1888. — EL-REI. — Henrique de Barros Gomes.\n\n## Convenio\n\nTendo sido fixadas pela convenção apponso ao tratado de amizade e commercio entre Portugal e a China, assignado em Pekim no dia 1.º de dezembro de 1887, as bases da cooperação dada por Portugal à China na cobrança dos direitos do opio exportado de Macau para os portos chinezes, e sendo conveniente resolver algumas questões que têm relação com a rapida cooperação, e bem assim fixar as regras a que ficarão sujeitos os juncos chinezes que commerciarem com Macau, os abaixo assignados Bernardo Pinheiro Correia de Mello, secretario da missão especial de Sua Magestade Fidelissima em Pekim, devidamente autorizado por S. Ex.ª o Sr. Thomas de Sousa Rosa, chefe da referida missão, e Sir Robert Hart, K. C. M. G., inspector geral das alfandegas maritimas imperiaes chinezas, munidos das necessarias instruções do governo chinez, concordaram no seguinte:\n\n1. No territorio chinez e em logar conveniente será estabelecida uma repartição a cargo de um comissario da alfandega, delegado pelo inspector geral das alfandegas maritimas imperiaes chinezas, para vender aos negociantes de Macau certificados de pagamento de direitos sobre qualquer quantidade de opio que elles desejem exportar. O referido comissario administrará tambem os postos fiscais proximos a Macau.\n\n2. Todo o opio que for acompanhado de tais certificados, à razão de 110 taeis por pico, ficará isento de qualquer outro imposto e terá todos os beneficios estipulados no artigo adicional da convenção de Chefoo entre a China e a Grã-Bretanha, com respeito ao opio que já tenha satisfeito os direitos n'um dos portos da China. Este opio poderá ser acondicionado em pacotes sellados à vontade do comprador.\n\n3. O comissario das alfandegas chinas que administrar os postos fiscais investigará e decidirá qualquer queixa que os negociantes chinas fizerem contra os postos fiscais ou contra os cruzeiros aduaneiros.\n\nO governador de Macau, quando o julgar conveniente, poderá delegar um funccionario para tomar parte nessa investigação, e se não houver accordo entre os dois funccionarios será a questão submettida à decisão combinada das suas auctoridades respectivas em Pekim.\n\n4. Os juncos que commerciarem entre os portos chinezes e Macau, bem como as suas cargas, não ficarão sujeitos a nenhuns direitos ou taxas além d'aquelles a que estão sujeitos os juncos que commerciarem entre portos chinezes e Hong Kong, bem como as suas respectivas cargas. Do mesmo modo, os juncos que, procedentes dos portos chinezes, forem para Macau, ou que de Macau se destinarem a portos chinezes, não ficarão sujeitos a nenhuns direitos ou taxas além das que tiverem sido pagos ou forem pagaveis nos portos de sua procedencia ou destino. Os productos chinezes que tiverem já pago, antes de entrar em Macau, os direitos aduaneiros e a taxa, ficarão isentos, quando reexportados para portos chinezes, de pagar novamente aquelles impostos, ficando sómente sujeitos ao pagamento da taxa denominada Sino-Hue.\n\nEm testemunho do que foi este convenio escripto em inglez e portuguez e assignado em duplicado em Pekim, no 1.º de dezembro de 1887. — Bernardo Pinheiro Correia de Mello, secretario da missão especial de Sua Magestade Fidelissima. — Robert Hart, inspector das alfandegas maritimas chinezas.\n\n## Agreement\n\nThe basis of the cooperation to be given to China by Portugal in the collection of duties on opium conveyed from Macao to Chinese ports having been fixed by a Convention appended to the Treaty of Amity and commerce concluded between China and Portugal on the 1st December 1887, and it being now convenient to come to an understanding upon some points relating to the said cooperation as well to fix rules for the treatment of Chinese junks trading with Macau, Sir Robert Hart, K. C. M. G., Inspector General of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs, provided with the necessary instructions from the Chinese Government, and Bernardo Pinheiro Correia de Mello, Secretary of the Special Mission of His Most Faithful Majesty in Peking, duly authorised by His Excellency Thomas de Sousa Rosa, Chief of the said mission, have agreed on the following:\n\n1. An office under a commissioner appointed by the foreign inspectorate of the Chinese Imperial Maritime customs shall be established at a convenient spot on Chinese Territory for the sale of opium duty certificates, to be freely sold to Macau merchants and for such quantities of opium as they may require. The said commissioner will also administer the customs stations near Macau.\n\n2. Opium accompanied by such certificates at the rate of not more than 110 taels per picul shall be free from all other imposts of every sort and have all the benefits stipulated for by the additional article of the Chefoo Convention between China and Great Britain on behalf of opium on which duty has been paid at one of the ports of China, and may be made up into sealed parcels at the option of the purchaser.\n\n3. The commissioner of Customs responsible for the management of the Customs' Stations shall investigate and settle any complaints made by Chinese merchants of Macau against the Customs' Stations or revenue cruisers.\n\nThe Governor of Macau, if he deems it advisable, shall be entitled to send an officer of Macau to be present and assist in the investigation and decision. If, however, they do not agree, a reference may be made to the authorities at Peking for a joint decision.\n\n4. Junks trading between Chinese ports and Macau and their cargoes shall not be subject to any dues or duties in excess of those leviable on junks and their cargoes trading between Chinese ports and Hong-Kong, and no dues whatsoever shall be demanded from junks proceeding to Macao from ports in China or coming from Macao to ports in China over and above the dues paid or payable at the ports of clearance or destination. Chinese produce which has paid customs duties and the _li_ tax before entering Macao may be re-exported from Macao to Chinese ports without paying those duties and _li_ tax again, and will be subject to the payment of only the tax named Sino-Hue.\n\nIn witness whereof this agreement has been written in Portuguese and English and signed in duplicate at Peking this the First day of December 1887. — Robert Hart, Inspector General of Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs. — Bernardo Pinheiro Correia de Mello, Secretary of His Most Faithful Majesty.\n\n## MINISTERIO DAS OBRAS PUBLICAS, COMMERCIO E INDUSTRIA\n\nAttendendo a que me foi representado pelos ministros e secretarios d'estado dos negocios da fazenda e das obras publicas, commercio e industria; hei por bem decretar o seguinte:\n\nSendo varios cidadãos querendo honrar a memoria do fallecido ministro e secretario d'estado, Augusto Saraiva de Carvalho, pelos valiosos e importantissimos serviços por elle prestados ao paiz, especialmente no tocante à instrucção technica, iniciando no instituto geral de agricultura o ensino da microscopia e nosologia vegetal, creando no instituto industrial de Lisboa a cadeira de arte de minas e metalurgia, e estabelecendo um curso pratico de correios e telegraphos; abriram para isso uma subscripção, e desejam que com o seu producto se crie um fundo cujo rendimento seja applicado a premiar os alumnos mais distinctos d'aquellas disciplinas, designando-se estes premios com o nome de «Saraiva de Carvalho».\n\n## Artigo 1.º\n\nÉ o ministerio da fazenda autorizado a receber da commissão encarregada da subscripção para commemorar o nome do fallecido ministro e secretario d'estado, Augusto Saraiva de Carvalho, o producto da mesma subscripção, que será convertido em titulos de divida publica perpetua, averbados a favor da fazenda nacional.\n\n§ unico. Os juros d'estes titulos serão descriptos como receita no orçamento geral do estado.\n\n## Artigo 2.º\n\nO producto liquido dos titulos de divida publica, de que trata o artigo 1.º, será dividido annualmente em quatro partes iguaes, constituindo-se com cada uma d'ellas um premio denominado «Saraiva de Carvalho», que será conferido em cada um anno lectivo, a contar do anno de 1888.\n\n[R&S (31,7350) 4000 7-8]\n\n## reign office\n\nDate. 1888\n\n260d\n\nLast previous Paper. 13389\n\nHong Kong No. 21259\n\n## Extradition\n\n(Subject.)\n\nC. DOMESTIC. 21 250\n\n(EEG) 20 001 88.\n\n## Chinese Criminals\n\nConcurs generally in Co. views.\n\nProposes the insertion in the Ord... of provisions with regards to opposition to Ord... for discharge. Suggests that the draft thus with proposed amendments be submitted to show effect.\n\n## Attorney General to Ordinance\n\nBalticen Ianner\n\n(Minutes.)\n\nM. Wingfield S.W. 9.30/10\n\na copy of the draft Ordinance\n\n15 Amended 9-1575\n\nPra worth in accordant ter\n\n18460 and their letter\n\nC. latter I have made for\n\nhot bitired\n\nclature (x Badd corrin sonce purther amendments\n\nin the correspondence.\n\nI have added Sabadham Art (570) regarding provision (as in that the magistrate to test a committed pugiter Criminal other right to apply for a writ of habeas Corpus.\n\nclaus X\n\nX1 and XI are taken (with some from 17 of the Hrusken, Maras Petradition Endmine 1851 (869) as supported 7 7.0. taken from the Extradition Art. 10/0 from bengucut Fapor. hew) cleane XV\n\na committed Mugide for the derclage of\n\nif hat darren docetu Phi leam in\n\nwithin this or iníky\n\ncommitted pepition In the Macas\n\none month and I own michued to think it is by enough\n\nm_the_",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-240 - Public Offices & Others - 1888.txt",
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    {
        "id": 362790,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-275 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [1-5]",
        "page_number": 306,
        "title": "CO129-275 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [1-5]",
        "content_text": "to be present in this Country \n\nat the Celebrations of H.E. the \n\nthe 22nd June next; upon \n\ntheir nation to the family, \n\nand \n\nWhether \n\nI am \n\nable \n\nto enquire \n\nWill be \n\nyou are \n\nbe prepared \n\nto prolong your half-pay \n\nfor the purpose indicated \n\nleave for possibly \n\na \n\nthe \n\nmonth or at most six weeks. \n\nGovernor.\n\nNo. \n\n74 \n\n1897 \n\nApril \n\nst previous Paper.\n\nM.\n\nhave by J the annu \n\nHong Kong \n\nNo. 10337 \n\n(Subject.) \n\nDESPATCH.\n\ncc 10337 Recd & Regd \n\n302 \n\n15 May 1897 \n\nCompensation for lost Registered letter \n\n50 Francs have been paid by the French Govt.\n\n1/97 \n\nMr Kramston \n\n31 Aug 1868-\n\n174 \n\n(Minutes.) \n\nwhich was \n\nAccording to the Convention, a copy of \n\nis annexed, it appears that all the compensation \n\nthe French gov't need give is 50 francs, and \n\nthis they have done.\n\nIf this is really \n\nthe limit of responsibility \n\nthe value of Registered Parcels is much \n\nlower than I thought, \n\nthe post are lucky to \n\nget off \n\nso cheap after \n\na \n\ncase of bad bungling \n\n75 \n\nTR & L (75)-75490–1000G-11-98 \n\nert subsequent Paper \n\nMi 118685 \n\n9 carelessness.\n\nInform \n\nour correspondents on 4873 of the drift of this \n\n7.C.M. 15/5/97 CPL 17 at once \n\n4174",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-275 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [1-5].txt",
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    {
        "id": 368759,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-286 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black Governor Sir Blake & Public Offices - 1898 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 580,
        "title": "CO129-286 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black Governor Sir Blake & Public Offices - 1898 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "## Hanoi to Yunnan-Fu Route\n\nHanoi to Yunnan-Fu by affluents in the direction of Hsinhsing-chow and Chinning. By turning the mountains such a line would lead by easy gradations to Yunnan-Fu. Branches could be constructed to Linan and Mengtsz. Rocher claims that such a line would put Laokai in direct communication with the valley of Talang and the tea districts south of Ssumao. Brenier, however, says that a railway to Yunnan-Fu will not be the work of a day, and that even if it were made the products of Ssuchuan will not necessarily flow to Tonkin, or those of Tonkin to Ssuchuan, because the road from Yunnan-Fu to Sui-Fu on the Yangtze leads for 25 days through high mountains. There is an alternative caravan route of nine easy stages from Mengtsz to Yunnan-Fu, and there are two alternative railway schemes, one via Mengtsz, Linan, Tunghai, Hsinhsing-chow and Chinning, the other via Amichou, Lunan, and Iliang. Consul Jamieson, in a recent report, says that various syndicates are converging on Mengtsz with the view of finding a practicable railway route. Rocher also proposes a line up the Namti valley to its source and thence to Kaihua and Kwangnan. These lines, connecting the chief towns, would develop production. They could, he says, be cheaply made with narrow gauges, and by them the whole commerce of south-west China would be drawn to Tonkin, and the French, free from competitors, would radiate all over Yunnan.\n\n## Hanoi to Lungchow Route\n\nThis route from Tonkin to Kwangsi is indirectly important. A railway runs to Langson and is being continued to Lungchow. Lungehow, a treaty port in Kwangsi, is on the West River. A `Times` telegram of 12th September 1898 announced, on the authority of `L'Avenir du Tonkin`, that difficulties had arisen between the Lille contractors constructing the line and the Chinese officials, and that the contractors threaten to abandon the project and claim a heavy indemnity. But the telegram suggests that the French desire to withdraw from the scheme, because they wish to reach Yunnan-Fu by a different route, and do not want the Lungchow line to be a feeder to the West River. Lungehow is 12 to 18 days up (or 6 to 9 days down) from Nanning on the West River, being situated on the Tsokiang, an arm of the West River. There is no market between Nanning and Lungchow. In constructing a line to Lungchow the French aim, not at getting the direct trade with that place, which is small (except for aniseed, a special product of this region, of which trade Laungchow is the centre), but at capturing the trade which enters Pakhoi and thence passes for consumption into Kwangsi and Yunnan. By a special tariff the French are endeavouring to divert the aniseed trade from Pakhoi to Tonkin. It seems doubtful whether the railway can carry goods as cheaply as the West River. A bale of cotton yarn goes from Hongkong to Wuchow for about seven dollars, all duties included, and railway carriage could hardly be cheaper. But the total of imports and exports registered at Lungehow was only Hk. Tls. 45,500 in 1893, Hk. Tls. 111,328 in 1896, and Hk. Tls. 109,000 in 1897 - an insignificant trade compared to that of Mengtsz. The Customs Report of 1897 says that Lungchow, though an open port for nine years is still in the primitive stage of an inland distributing and collecting mart, differing in no way from what it was before it was opened as a port. It may supply the poor and scattered population west of Nanning, and undertake a transit trade to Nanning and places beyond, but so costly an undertaking as a railway can in this way hardly do more than pay its working expenses. In May 1897 a convention was signed agreeing in principle to an extension of the line from Lungchow to Nanning.\n\n## Western Routes\n\n### West River Route\n\nThis is the natural waterway to east Yunnan. The West River (or Sikiang) is one of the most important river systems of China, draining 200,000 square miles of territory. Its S.W. branch, the Hsünkiang, with its arms, the Tsokiang and Yukiang, mainly concerns the present subject. These arms unite above the town of Nanning, which is 510 miles from the mouth of the West River. Wuchow, opened as a Treaty Port last year, can be reached by light draught steamers, and is by far the most important place between Canton and the Yunnan border, since it commands the whole trade of Kwangsi. The trade of Wuchow is justifying the most sanguine anticipations. Nanning, 17 days above Wuchow and second to it in commercial importance, is admirably situated for trade with Canton and Hong Kong, Kwangsi and Kueichou, east Yunnan, Tonkin, and Pakhoi. Nanning contains a brisk population of Chinese and Shans. There are a great many junks on the river at Nanning, which serves as the entrepôt for a considerable trade in tobacco, drugs, tea, sugar, &c., between Canton and places in the West River basin.\n\nThe traffic by the West River has suffered from various obstacles. The navigation is rendered dangerous by rapids and rocks, though apparently it is capable of improvement without vast expense. Insufficient water at one period of the year and strong currents at another are further hindrances to trade. Through Kwangsi organised piracy has hindered trade. Consul Jamieson says that a regular transport service to Nanning is required if only on account of the rascality of the boatmen. Until recently, too, there has been an enormous number of likin stations on the river, and the imposts have driven away trade to other routes. It remains to be seen whether steamers can be taken up the river, so as to supersede junks in the traffic between Wuchow and Nanning.\n\n### Pakhoi Route\n\nBesides the direct route up the West River, there are routes to Nanning from Pakhoi on the Gulf of Tonkin. The chief of these routes are (1) that which goes by sea to Chinchou (one to two days), then by porter overland to Nanning (five days), a hilly and difficult route across three passes, including one especially bad, and therefore followed only by lighter goods, such as yarn and cotton goods, which the porters divide into parcels at Chinchou; (2) the easier route via Nauhsiang, three days by land and eleven days by boat, including six days up the West River. This is the route followed by heavier goods (metals, &c.). Before the Tonkin route was opened much trade passed this way. Nanning is the distributing centre of the trade by which foreign goods from Pakhoi are exchanged for the opium of Yunnan and Kueichou consumed in Kwangsi and Kwangtung. Pakhoi supplies many foreign goods to east and south Yunnan, west Kwangsi, and south Kueichou, in spite of the heavy likin. Much smuggling of opium takes place. Considering the area served, the total imports of foreign goods are small. But most of the Chinese population were destroyed in the rebellion, and the inhabitants are chiefly Shans, Lolos, and Miaotzu, who want nothing but salt and cotton. It was long ago suggested that a railway should be constructed from Pakhoi to Nanning, a distance of 95 miles, and Consul Bourne said that such a line would be the easiest way to ascend the plateau into Yunnan, that the engineering difficulties would not be great and therefore the expense not heavy, and that it would thoroughly revolutionise the carrying trade. On 28th May 1898 the concession for this railway was granted to the French. Before 1890, when the Tonkin routes began to affect its trade, Pakhoi had become an important entrepôt between Hong Kong and Yunnan. But the opening of Mengtsz and Lungchow at once began to divert traffic from Pakhoi, and an effective steamer service to Laokai with a railway to Lungchow must affect it considerably, unless the French utilise the railway concession just mentioned. The opening of ports on the West River also menaces the trade of Pakhoi. In the Pakhoi trade returns appears a large quantity of Indian cotton yarn, which, though declining, constitutes more than half of the total imports. Opium comes through Yunnan in annually increasing quantities to pay for foreign goods. In 1896 there was a slight expansion of trade at Pakhoi, but in 1897 there was a fall, the total trade being Hk. Tls. 2,657,000 for foreign imports, and Hk. Tls. 1,513,000 for exports (or 625,000l. in all). Important towns in Kwangsi, such as Liuchow-Fu, Hsüuchou-Fu, and Chiangkou have been in the habit of drawing goods from Pakhoi, but probably they will resort to Wuchow in future. At present there is no native authority at Pakhoi, robberies are frequent, and piracy prevails on the coast line. No considerable expansion of trade appears possible without greater security of life and property and the stimulus of links with larger markets. A railway should be able to effect improvements in these respects.\n\n## Nanning to Pose-Ting (Posé, Peisch, or Paise) and Yunnan-Fu\n\nFrom the mouth of the West River to Nanning takes 40 to 50 days. From Pakhoi to Nanning the journey is about 14 days. From Nanning to Pose it is 12 to 20...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-286 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black Governor Sir Blake & Public Offices - 1898 [11-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 372612,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-292 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 607,
        "title": "CO129-292 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "A \n\n604 \n\nof the Postal Agent. \n\nArticle VI: \n\nExtent of present Arrangement. \n\n1. \n\nThe present arrangement refers only to correspondence, i.e. letters, postcards, prints, commercial papers and samples. The exchange of money Orders, letter with value declared, etc., will make, if necessity, the object of future arrangements. \n\n2. \n\nAs to parcels, until the conclusion of a special Arrangement, the Chinese Postal Administration will continue to transmit and distribute all postal parcels ordinary, insured, or taxed with recovery of value coming from Hongkong or abroad handed to it by the Hongkong Post Office or its Shanghai Agency; and it will continue to forward its parcels for abroad through the Hongkong Post Office or its Shanghai Agency franked with Hongkong Stamps at the Hongkong tariff. \n\nArticle VII. \n\nResponsibility and Liability. \n\n1. \n\nIn case of the loss of a registered article of correspondence or of a closed mail the Administration which had undertaken its transport and cannot account for its delivery or transmission will be held responsible for the registered articles contained in the lost mail, within the limits of Article 8 of the convention of",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-292 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [6-8].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 373721,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-294 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 451,
        "title": "CO129-294 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "***\n\nC\n\nNo plans or details of the building have yet been laid before the Public Works Committee in connection with the Governor's Peak Residence for their approval, and no money has been voted for it, yet money is being spent on the site.\n\n11. The most important and most pressing public building is undoubtedly the Post Office. Fifteen years ago it was reported in the plainest language that the present Post Office was much too small for the work which had to be done in it. In 1896 a strong Committee reported—\n\n\"The accommodation in the Post Office, in spite of the recent arrangement by which the offices of the Attorney General and Crown Solicitor have been placed at the disposal of the Department, is so cramped that there is not sufficient room to sort two heavy mails at a time, while the space devoted to the business of the Parcels Post is insufficient to secure the safe custody of parcels.\"\n\nThere has been a vast increase in the business of the Post Office since that report was written. There are many more mails coming in. There will soon be a fortnightly German mail in addition. Captain HASTINGS' reports emphasize more emphatically the need of space and the impossibility of working the Post Office with ordinary success without more space. The easy and successful working of the Post Office is of the first importance not merely for the business of Hongkong but of all China and Japan. The Post Office is a most successful revenue-making Department, yet the construction of a new Post Office is put off until the Law Courts are finished, in other words, ad Kalendas Graecas, for no one knows when the new Law Courts will be commenced. Government land previously appropriated for the purpose is lying idle. Interest is being lost on the money sunk in its reclamation; it is abundantly ample in size for a first-class Post Office and most conveniently situated; it is a site deliberately selected by a strong Committee in 1896 for the purposes of a Post Office, whose report was approved by the Governor and Council and not objected to by the Secretary of State.\n\nMessrs. COOPER, THOMSON, CHATER, MCCONACHIE, and Sir THOMAS JACKSON were the members of the Committee. Their opinions and recommendations were set aside in 1898 in Public Works Committee by the vote of the Chairman only, the Director of Public Works, newly arrived in the Colony.\n\nHowever strong may be the arguments from convenience in favour of the site of the present Post Office and Supreme Court for the construction of the new Post Office, they become valueless, and worse than valueless, when it is discovered that the site cannot be made use of for an unknown period, not less, at the very least, than five or six years.\n\nIt may be that the present site is the more convenient and the more central for the new Post Office and Treasury than the Reclamation site (although there is much to be said on both sides and the older and more experienced men in the Colony favour the latter and think that in a very short time it will be the true centre of the Colony), but these arguments, if they were very much more cogent than they are, must surely give way to the contention that on the Reclamation site a new and perfect Post Office could be completed in two years from date; (there are local architects who could most certainly do the work if the Government are unable to do it), while if the present site is to be the site of the new Post Office we must drag along in our present discreditable state for five years more, going from bad to worse each year as business grows.\n\nAs to the financial aspects of the case, a letter from the undersigned to the Chamber of Commerce of the 17th ultimo (copy attached) shows clearly that the Treasury would profit largely by the removal of the Post Office and Supreme Court from their present position and by the sale of the land.\n\nIf the Public Works Department were properly manned or if private enterprise were availed of, there is no reason why both the new Law Courts and the Post Office should not go on together.\n\n12. Next in order to the Sanitary Works already indicated, and to the Shelter at Victoria Gap and to the Post Office, would appear to come in importance the speedy extension of our means of obtaining, storing, and distributing Water. The waterworks are estimated to bring in a revenue to the Colony in 1900 of $132,000. The actual cost of maintenance is estimated at $19,700, leaving a balance to credit of Water Account of, say, $112,300. It is proposed to spend on Water Account a sum of $73,000: $15,000 in carrying out the Taitam Extension, $27,000 on waterworks in Victoria and the Hill District, $11,000 on meters, &c., and $20,000 on water supply in Kowloon.\n\nIn respect of this latter item no plans appear to have been prepared or submitted, and therefore in obedience to the Secretary of State's instructions of 18th April, 1890, no money can properly be asked for or voted for this work.\n\nThe Unofficial Members of Council formally protested in a memorandum dated 20th December, 1890, laid on the Council table on 22nd idem, against being asked to vote monies for works in respect of which no plans, statements or details of any kind had been prepared and submitted and of which they had not approved. It is deeply to be regretted that with the experience of past years before us and with the rapid and rapidly increasing growth of the population in the island of Hongkong, no greater expenditure than $15,000 is proposed for 1900 in adding to our means of Water Supply in the City of Victoria. An abundant supply is indispensable to the health of the Colony; a continuous supply throughout the year and especially towards the end of the dry season is absolutely essential for the effective operation of our separate system of sewage disposal. The separate system depends wholly on a perennial supply of water at all hours of the day and night for its successful working. It was sanctioned on the assurance that abundance of water would be found and every floor in every Chinese house was provided with water works on that assurance. Every year for months the supply has been intermittent only. No effort should be spared to provide for a continuous water supply. A vote of $15,000 not merely for our present but for the growing population, for additional water supply in the island is wholly inadequate.\n\nIf the Staff is not strong enough to carry on the works necessary for an enlarged supply, it would be economy—true economy—to get a separate staff of Engineers equal to the work, as was done when the Taitam Reservoir was taken in hand, and establish a separate department. The Colonial Revenue is three millions and a quarter. The ordinary expenses of government and of the maintenance of existing works is two millions and three quarters. There is roughly half a million a year available for Extraordinary Public Works together with the surpluses from past years.\n\n13. In conclusion, the first place in point of urgency should be given, in the appropriation of the Colonial Funds for Extra Works, to the sanitary wants of the Colony and among the sanitary wants of the Colony there stands in the forefront the pressing necessity of getting rid of the causes, or of any possible causes, of the visitations of plague. In that connection the necessity for an adequate number of Latrines comes first, and no estimate for 1900 which does not provide for this can be satisfactory. Perhaps the next most important public work from the point of view of health is the water supply. The increase of the water supply is hardly a work to be completed, like the latrines, in a few months. It should be continuous work to be completed over a number of years, but the amount allotted for it each year should bear a large proportion to the total amount of money available.\n\nPage 448",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-294 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [10-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 377907,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-301 - Governor Sir Blake - 1900 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 376,
        "title": "CO129-301 - Governor Sir Blake - 1900 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "374 \n\nThe quarters are not sufficient for the Postmen. It \nis possible this could be alleviated by building an extra story \nabove the present rooms. \n\n34 \n\nThe Postmen have no distinctive uniforms, and it would be a good thing if this could be supplied. \nIt was stated to me by the Postmaster and the 2nd Clerk that \nPostmen have complained of not being admitted to deliver letters in some cases as they were not known as postmen, and this \nmay possibly account for some of the cases of late delivery \nmentioned by Mr. Wright. \n\n35. Many of the large firms in Shanghai \nsend the bulk of their letters through the French and German \nPost Offices, although I understand that with parcels, registered, and important articles, they use the British Post Office. \n\n36. I visited the French and German Post \nOffices when in Shanghai and found that at the former, I could purchase 13 stamps of 25 centimes each, and at the latter, 12 of 20 pfennings each for one dollar, so that by using the French Post Office, 13 letters, and by German, 12 letters, of one ounce each can be sent to Europe for one dollar, as against 10 by \nBritish. \n\n37. This is an anomaly, and it appears \nto me that the French and German Post Offices are sailing very near the wind as regards an infringement of Article IV \nof the detailed regulations attached to the Postal Convention \nof Washington of June 1897. \n\n38.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-301 - Governor Sir Blake - 1900 [9-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 379909,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-304 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 151,
        "title": "CO129-304 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "## No. 32.\n\n7952 \nR. 2 MAF \n\n**Government House, Hong Kong. 29th January, 1901.**\n\n\"no JELPE Bir, \n\nIn reply to your despatch No. 403 of the 21st December, 1900, I have the honour to inform you that, there being no objection to the detailed regulations for carrying out the Convention concluded between France and Great Britain concerning the exchange of Parcels between France and Ceylon, the Straits Settlements, and **Hongkong**, I have caused them to be signed in duplicate on behalf of the Colony by the Acting Postmaster-General, and transmit them to you herewith.\n\nI have the honour to be, \nSir, \nYour most obedient Humble servant, \nHarry Arthur Blake \nGovernor, Hongkong.\n\n**RIGHT HONOURABLE JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, M.P.,** \n\n40. \n[To...] \n[From...]",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-304 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [1-4].txt",
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    {
        "id": 381168,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-305 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 696,
        "title": "CO129-305 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "The Consul for France has the honour to inform his colleagues, heads of Mercantile Firms, and all the residents of Shameen that a French Post Office established by virtue of the provisions of the Postal Union Convention of Berne, will be opened to the public on the 15th June at 10 A.M.\n\nThe Office will be temporarily located in one of the buildings near the French Bridge.\n\nFrom the above date mentioned, Canton will be included in the Universal Postal Union.\n\nConsequently the Canton Bureau is empowered to issue Money Orders for all parts of the world included in the Postal Union and to receive and deliver parcels and to deal generally with all postal matters.\n\nCANTON, 12th June, 1901.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-305 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [5-7].txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 381174,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-305 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 702,
        "title": "CO129-305 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "。No.1 in Mr.Bratman's 81.No.1 of Jany. 14th. \"01. Postal charges at Chefoo between Mr.Forsyth J.P.\n\nCopy\n\nVenc. English Baptist Mission.\n\n2010 696\n\n10 AUG 01\n\nChefoo.\n\nNovember 9th.1900.\n\nTo the Chinese Imperial Postmaster\n\nChefoo.\n\nDear Sir\n\nI beg to formally protest against the payment of Five dollars and forty cents on six parcels from England. I believe the charge to be oppressive and illegal.\n\nYours faithfully\n\n(signed)\n\nE.C.Forsyth.\n\nImperial Post Office\n\nChefoo. Nov 9th.1900\n\nReplying to your note of today's date containing protest against payment by yourself of five dollars and forty cents charged by this Office on six parcels to your address from England.\n\nI have to say that correspondence as laid down in article 7 of the Convention Principale de l'union Postale Universelle comprehended letters, cards, prints, commercial papers and samples, but not parcels,\n\nIn the case of correspondence the postage collected is retained entirely by the office of origin, whereas, in the case of parcels the postage collected is divided between the offices taking part in the transport.\n\nThe I.P.O. being outside the Postal Union does not receive a share of the postage collected on parcels to or from abroad and consequently must either refuse to carry parcel at all or charge its own rates.\n\nThe charge fixed for the I.P.O. for parcels is 10 cts per lb. The charge of five dollars and forty cents is according to that rate perfectly just and in order.\n\nThe public are perfectly free to make most arrangements they think best for the forwarding of their parcels to & from the mail terminus (Shanghai) and they need not use the I.P.O. unless they wish. But if they do send their parcels through the I.P.O. they must abide by its rules.\n\nI have the honor to be,Sir,\n\nyour obedient servant\n\nF.C.Forsyth\n\nActg F/O.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-305 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [5-7].txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 383593,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-309 - Public Offices & Others - 1901",
        "page_number": 129,
        "title": "CO129-309 - Public Offices & Others - 1901",
        "content_text": "M. Savage's application is conditional upon an increase in the EMA, the initial salary being raised from £180 to £200 per annum; but Mr. Chamberlain does not see his way to meet the said wishes in the matter; and I am to ask that Mr. Savage may be informed accordingly.\n\nOffice or Individual. Post 1901 20 Sep Last Previous Paper. 21945 Ceylon HON KONG No 33369 (Subject.) REC DOMESTIC. C.6. 123 0.0. 33369 R 24 SEP Parcels Post Convention with France. Cd Jout and be advised to adopt 230 cents as proposed equivalent of 50 centimes.\n\nFurther Copy Loo cars 3185 26 September 3 March 1902 7957/02 B & L 178)—01483--3000-3-1000) 36520-20000-11-1900 Next subsequent Paper.\n\n(Minutes.) I do not think we should advise this. Jars Filter are not in our way of character. There is No. 21759 or send copy of this for consideration as we have done so.\n\nNo reply, that Ry.\n\nPage 271x\n\n was not present in the original text so I kept it as is.\n\nHowever, to follow the exact output format requested:\n\nM. Savage's application is conditional upon an increase in the EMA, the initial salary being raised from £180 to £200 per annum; but Mr. Chamberlain does not see his way to meet the said wishes in the matter; and I am to ask that Mr. Savage may be informed accordingly.\n\nOffice or Individual. Post 1901 20 Sep Last Previous Paper. 21945 Ceylon HON KONG No33369 (Subject.) REC DOMESTIC. C.6. 123 0.0. 33369 R 24 SEP Parcels Post Convention with France. Cd Jout and be advised to adopt 230 cents as proposed equivalent of 50 centimes.\n\nFurther Copy Loo cars 3185 26 September 3 March 1902 7957/02 B & L 178)—01483--3000-3-1000) 36520-20000-11-1900 Next subsequent Paper.\n\n(Minutes.) I do not think we should advise this. Jars Filter are not in our way of character. There is No. 21759 or send copy of this for consideration as we have done so.\n\nNo reply, that Ry.\n\nPage 271x",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-309 - Public Offices & Others - 1901.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 384126,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-310 - Acting Governor Major Gen Gascoigne - 1902 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 3,
        "title": "CO129-310 - Acting Governor Major Gen Gascoigne - 1902 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "Boch no bale\n\nDong trong 1902\n\nVoet\n\nContents\n\nSubject\n\nGovernor Sir F. Blake, G.C.M.G.\n\nSept. 3 Jan Private practice of Dr. Jordan\n\n1\n\n3\n\nAddress from Chinese\n\n2\n\n13\n\nStatues of the King & Prince of Wales.\n\n10\n\n5-6\n\n6\n\nColonial Secretary acting Gov. (in the absence of Sir Gascoigne KCMG. Wei-Lai-wei Chan C.\n\nPetroleum in Buck.\n\nSept. 8 Surgeon\n\n99. Newbald\n\n718.\n\nMedical Staff.\n\nNew Port Office.\n\n12\n\n1\n\nFloggings\n\n01\n\n13\n\n16\n\nProf. Simpson\n\n15. Draft Ordce. Junts Collisions\n\n16. Increase of salaries\n\n18 116\n\n1916\n\nExport of arms to China\n\n22 17.\n\nChinese P.O. at Weihaiwei\n\n23 ly.\n\nNaval Reserve funds.\n\nCouf Mt.\n\nPublic Works Expenditure.\n\n24 18 Pension minute\n\n25-\n\n18. Kowloon School.\n\nSept. 19\n\n26\n\nNote issue of Chartered Bank.\n\n20. Petition of Merchants & Shipping Agents -\n\nColonial Secretary\n\nConf. 21 11\n\n#\n\nLet. 22\n\n31\n\n22.\n\n32\n\n23\n\n\"\n\n33\n\n35\n\nDeath of Bommer. Hastings\n\nParcels Post Convention with France.\n\n23. Naval Reserves.\n\nAsst. Engineers.\n\nNr. naturalization of\n\n· P. d'Agostine.\n\nConf. 25. Postmaster General.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-310 - Acting Governor Major Gen Gascoigne - 1902 [1-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 386121,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-313 - Governor Sir Blake - 1902 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 201,
        "title": "CO129-313 - Governor Sir Blake - 1902 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "# No.489.\n\n**Hongkong**\n\n**All**\n\n**C.O.**\n\n**5.443**\n\n**193**\n\nGovernment House,  \nHongkong, 4th November, 1902.\n\nSir,\n\nI have the honour to transmit for your consideration the correspondence noted in the margin and to point out the large pecuniary advantage, estimated by the Postal Agent in Amoy at $10,000 annually, which will accrue to this Government in the event of the establishment of a Parcel Post with the United States of America direct instead of via London.\n\n| No. | Date | From | To |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | 3 October, 1902 | Secretary, General Chamber of Commerce, Amoy | General Post Office, Hongkong |\n|  | 3 October, 1902 |  |  |\n\n2\\. The authority under which parcels for the United States of America can be accepted by the Hongkong Administration at all is the arrangement between the United Kingdom and the United States of America, and this does not permit of the despatch of such parcels otherwise than through London. To allow of such a direct exchange as is suggested by the Chairman of the Amoy General Chamber of Commerce, it would be necessary to execute a new Convention with the United States Government. Such conventions have been made with other British Colonies, as for example the Parcels Post Convention between the United States of America and the Windward Islands signed at Washington on the 24th February, 1892, and I would suggest that the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs be approached.\n\n**THE RIGHT HONOURABLE JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, M.P.**",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-313 - Governor Sir Blake - 1902 [10-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 387249,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902",
        "page_number": 2,
        "title": "CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902",
        "content_text": "# From Hong Kong, 1902\n\n## Contents\n\n| Subject | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| China & Japan Tel Co. | Tramways |\n| Post Office | Brit. Postal Agencies in China |\n| Post Office | Parcels Post Convention with France. Tramways |\n| Post Office | Brit. Postal Agencies in China. Penny Postage |\n| Post Office | Sale of stamps at foreign postal agencies |\n| Post Office | Penny postage at postal agencies |\n| Pharmaceutical Chemist | Asst: Apothecary & Analyst |\n| Chartered Bank of India | Leave |\n| Pharmaceutical Chemist | Asst: Apothecary & Analyst |\n| Post Office | Brit. Post-Office at Sientui |\n| Chartered Bank of India | Holiday |\n| Audit Office | Salary of Mr. Snesser |\n| Audit Office | Audit Dept. in new Govt. Offices |\n| Cambridge University | Bar to Fellow Masters at Queen's College |\n| Royal Humane Society | Award to A. Counsell |\n| Post Office | Despatch of French mails to Canton |\n| Post Office | Revenue Expenditure |\n| Post Office | Auxil-Office |\n| Post Office | Appointment of burning officer |\n| Post Office | Direct-Parcel Post with Usa Individuals |\n| Blake, Sir H. | Cholera in Canton |\n| Statues | King & Prince of Wales |\n| Chinese Customs |  |\n\n## Entries\n\n1. China & Japan Tel Co. - Tramways\n2. Post Office - Brit. Postal Agencies in China\n3. Post Office - Parcels Post Convention with France. Tramways\n4. Post Office - Brit. Postal Agencies in China. Penny Postage. 18 Apl. Sale of stamps at foreign postal agencies 25-Apl. Penny postage at postal agencies 25-Apl.\n5. Pharmaceutical Chemist - 29. Asst: Apothecary & Analyst\n6. Chartered Bank of India - 10 May. Holiday. Leave\n7. Pharmaceutical Chemist - 15. Asst: Apothecary & Analyst\n8. Post Office - 11 June. Brit. Post-Office at Sientui\n9. Chartered Bank of India - 15-Aug. Holiday\n10. Audit Office - 19. Salary of Mr. Snesser\n11. Audit Office - 2 Oct. Audit Dept. in new Govt. Offices\n12. Cambridge University - Fellow Masters at Queen's College\n13. Royal Humane Society's Award - 30. To A. Counsell\n14. Post Office - Despatch of French mails to Canton\n15. Post Office - 18 Dec. Revenue Expenditure 101\n16. Post Office - Auxil-Office. Col bursing officer. 2. Aptt. of burning officer\n17. Post Office - Direct-Parcel Post with Usa Individuals\n18. Blake, Sir H. - 3 Mar. Cholera in Canton\n19. Statues - King & Prince of Wales\n20. Chinese Customs\n\n#1 Financial Instruction\n\n## Post Office\n\nBrit. Postal Agencies in China. Auxil-Office. 18 Dec. Revenue Expenditure 101\n\n## Post Office\n\n31. **Brit. Postal Agencies in China**. Direct-Parcel Post with Usa Individuals\n\nPage 1\nPage 6",
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    },
    {
        "id": 387267,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902",
        "page_number": 20,
        "title": "CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902",
        "content_text": "Address reply to \"The Secretary, General Post Office,\" \n\nquoting Registered No. `114283` Et `19` `0.` no \n\n**GENERAL POST OFFICE, LONDON.** \n\n//March 1902. \n\nGov `4957` \n\nSir, \n\nI am directed by the Postmaster General to acknowledge \nthe receipt of your letter of the 5th instant enclosing a \ncopy of a despatch from the Governor of Hong Kong respecting \nthe equivalent in Hong Kong currency of fifty centimes, the \nunit forming the basis of the postage collected on parcels \nsent from the Colony to France or to this country via France. \n\nThe Postmaster General understands that the Governor has \nagreed to the proposal that the equivalent be fixed at 20 \ncents. \n\nIn this connexion I am to send to you thirty prints of \nthe Detailed Regulations for carrying out the Convention \nconcerning the exchange of parcels by post between France \nand the Colonies of Ceylon, the Straits Settlements and Hong \nKong. The Secretary of State will doubtless cause some of \nthese to be forwarded to the Colonies concerned. \n\n**Ender Secretary of State,  \nCOLONIAL OFFICE.** \n\nI am, Sir,  \nYour obedient Servant,",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 387273,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902",
        "page_number": 26,
        "title": "CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902",
        "content_text": "## XIII.\n\n1. Each Administration shall cause each of its exchanging offices to prepare monthly for the other Administrations concerned a statement of the parcels exchanged with them during the preceding month. These statements shall be drawn up on forms conforming to the model `AV 7` and shall be forwarded not later than the 15th day of the month following that to which they relate, to the Administration to which the office belongs.\n\nwas not present, so continuing with the rest of the text:\n\nthe re-directing country and that of the new destination are not adjacent, the first intermediary office which receives a re-directed parcel shall credit itself with the amount of its quota and with that of the re-directing office by charging them to the office to which it delivers the parcel; and the latter in its turn, if it is itself only an intermediary, shall charge its own quota against the next office with the addition of what has been credited to the preceding office. The same operation will be repeated between the several offices taking part in the conveyance, until the parcel reaches the delivering office. But if the amount chargeable for the further conveyance of a re-directed parcel shall have been paid at the time of its re-direction, the parcel shall be dealt with as if it had been addressed direct from the re-transmitting country to the country of destination, and delivered without any postal charge to the addressee.\n\n3. Undelivered insured parcels may only be re-directed as insured. The insurance fee and the charges and fees provided for in the preceding paragraph are collected on delivery.\n\n4. The senders of parcels which cannot be delivered shall be consulted as to the manner in which they wish to dispose of them. Communications on the subject shall be exchanged direct between the two central Administrations.\n\nArticles liable to deterioration or corruption may, however, be sold immediately, without previous notice or judicial formality, for the benefit of the right party. An account of the sale shall be drawn up.\n\nIf, within six months after the despatch of a letter of inquiry, the office of destination has not received sufficient instructions, the parcel shall be returned to the office of origin.\n\nParcels which have to be returned to the sender shall be entered on the parcel bill with the addition of the word \"Undeliverable\" in the column for observations. They shall be dealt with and taxed like articles re-directed in consequence of the removal of the addressees.\n\n5. Any parcel, the addressee of which has left for a country not participating in the exchange of postal parcels, shall be dealt with as undeliverable, unless the office of the first destination be in a position to forward it to the addressee.\n\n6. An insured parcel may only be re-directed to a country participating in the exchange of articles of this kind.\n\n7. If one of the prohibitions provided for in Article IX of the Convention is brought to light in the course of post, the parcel shall without other formality be returned to the despatching office in the manner provided for in section 1 of the present Article.\n\n## XIII.\n\n1. Each Administration shall cause each of its exchanging offices to prepare monthly for... \n\n10 \n11 \n25",
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    },
    {
        "id": 387278,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902",
        "page_number": 31,
        "title": "CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902",
        "content_text": "## CORRESPONDANCE AVF L'OFFICE (G.) de COMPTE\nrécapitulatif des Etats Mensuels des feuilles de route de Colis Postaux adressés par les bureaux d'échange de......... aux bureaux d'échange de..... TRIMESTRE de..... \n\n| Désignation des bureaux d'échange | Numéros d'ordre. | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | Totaux | Solde au crédit de l'office. |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|  | Montant des sommes dues, d'après chaque État Mensuel, A l'Office destinataire. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Fr. | C. |\n|  | Montant des sommes dues, d'après chaque État Mensuel, à l'Office expéditeur. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Fr. | c. |\n|  | Observations |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n\n............., 190... \n\nThe Sec: of the G.P.O.  \nSir,  \nR.E.S. 15/3  \nMr Johnson  \nKAK. M.0./9988.  \n30 March 1902.  \n\nI am directed by Mr Sec: Cham: to acknowledg the receipt of your letter of the 11th instant, No `114283`, enclosing copies of Detailed Regulations for carrying out the Parcels Post Convention between France and the Colonies of Ceylon, Hong Kong and the Straits Settlements.\n\n2. Copies of the Regulations have been forwarded to the Colonies concerned.\n\nI am &c  \nCPC",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902.txt",
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    {
        "id": 387405,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902",
        "page_number": 158,
        "title": "CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902",
        "content_text": "\"Address reply to-\"The Secretary, General Post Office,\" \n\nquoting Registered No. 590,224.\n\nCopy\n\nC.O.\n27\n157\n\n**GENERAL POST OFFICE, LONDON** \n3 December 1902.\n\nSir,\n\nI am directed by the Postmaster General to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 11th instant, No.50443, forwarding, by direction of the Secretary of State for the Colonies, a copy of a despatch from the Governor of Hong Kong, who advocates the establishment of a direct Parcel Post between that Colony and the United States.\n\nThe Postmaster General sees no objection in principle to a parcel post service between a British Colony and the United States. Such a service already exists, as Sir H. Blake points out, between the United States and the Windward Islands; and there are other arrangements of the kind between the States and British Colonies, e.g., the Leeward Islands and Newfoundland.\n\nIf the scheme meets with the Secretary of State's approval, there are two courses of procedure open. A Parcel Post Convention between Hong Kong and the United States might be negotiated diplomatically, through the intervention of the Foreign Office, and a direct exchange of parcels with the United States Post Office secured, like the exchanges already carried on between that Office and the British Colonies referred to above. Or a private arrangement might be arrived at between the Hong Kong Post Office and some Express Company in the United States, like that recently concluded between this Department and the American Express Company.\n\nIf the Government of Hong Kong should be successful in carrying out the first alternative, and obtain the consent of the Under Secretary of State,\n\n**COLONIAL OFFICE.**",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-315 - Public Offices & Others - 1902.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 388031,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 207,
        "title": "CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "## DESPATCH\n**Governor. No. 74.**  \n11 Febr 1903  \n\n**C. O. 0533202**  \n**G 1 MAR (5)**  \n\nParcels Post with U.S.A. Ask that convention be renegotiated through the F.O.\n\n## Minutes\nJ.G. 10.  \nCopy sent to W.B. & L. (`WB & L (781---1880-20000-11-2`)\n\nThere is no copy available of the Windwards Convention which has been forwarded, but it may be found in **Hist. Vol. F.O.**, pages 889-1. It is identical with the B. Guiana Convention in `28633/91`. Send like copy to F.O. with a view to approaching U.S.A. with a view to the negotiation of such a convention, refuting...\n\nAlso write to Gov. asking him to ... as promptly ...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 388032,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 208,
        "title": "CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "# Hongkong, 11th February, 1903.\n\nSir,\n\nWith reference to your Despatch No. 6 of the 2nd ultimo, on the subject of a direct Parcels Post Service between this Colony and the United States of America, I have the honour to inform you that the course which should in my opinion be adopted by Hongkong is the first of the two alternatives suggested by the Postmaster-General in the letter of 31st December last, of which you have furnished me with a copy—namely, that a Parcel Post Convention between Hongkong and the United States of America should be negotiated diplomatically through the intervention of the Foreign Office. I have therefore to request you to be so good as to lay the proposal before the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour most obedient\nHumble servant,\n**Henry A. Blake**\nGovernor, &c.\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE\nJOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, M.P.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 388497,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-317 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 4,
        "title": "CO129-317 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "# \n\n## Subject-\n\n244 11\" \n\n246. Shay. Death of Ispr. J.J. The Michael \n\nInstructions for Col: Secretarial. Tel. 15. New Coaling Sepôt at Kowleen Herling salaries. \n\n252 18 \n\n255 19. Pay of Junior Casets. \n\n256. 20. \n258 21 \n259 21. \n261. 21 \n\nTel. 22. \n\n## Conf. 23. \nPriv. 23 \nConf. 26 \n\nPolice Cadetships for the Far East- Trading of Public Officers. \n\nCoal Jetty \n\nReport on new Territory 02. Defence Scheme \n\nAppt. of F. Southey. \n\nComplicity of Chinese Officials \nFamine in Kwang Si. \n\n265 24. British Post Offices in China. \nTel. 2 June. Desturbances in Yunnan \n266.2 Asile de la sacity bufance \n2642 \n\nHarbour Master's Report 102. \nComplaint of her Ireland, \nAbsconding of Tam Shin Lung. \nJung Wa hospital. \n\n264. 2. \n\n270.2. \n241. 2\" \n273.3 \n2444. \n276 4 \nTel. 11 \n\n286.11. \n284. 12. \n288.12 \n\n289.14 \n\nShark bor \n\nRegistration Parcels Branch, Post Office \nNaval Reserve at Long Harbour. \nSugar duties. \n\nMades for Ju'en's College \nKowloon Marine Lot Ro33, \nSite of temple at Lung Lowan \nPost of Asst. Master, Ju'en's College \nLeases of land in new Kowloon. \n\n291. 14. Plague Branch, Leung Wa Hospital \n292. in Santany Sept. \n\n## Conf. iny. \nVisit of Viceroy of beautou. \n\n## Subjed \n\n295 is Jene \nNew Territories Land Court: \n27. & Exchange of lands. \n\n498 18 \n\nNew ranges for Military \n\n## Conf. 18. \nMurder of Kung Seun Kwei \n\nPlot agst Chinese Gort. \n\n300. 19. Claim of ten. Ireland. \n302. 19. Plague in Victoria Gad \n\nAsst. Land Officer in N. Territory \n\n303. 19 \n\n## Conf. 19. \nPenny Postage. \n\nMurder of Jenny Rui Wan. \n\n## secret. 20. \nPurchase of silver for subsidining coin. \n\n304 22. Report on Blue Book 1902. \n\n307. 2+ Report of Govt. Bacteriologist 02. \n311 25. Report P.C.M.D. 1902. \n\n## Conf. 25.. \nVolunteer Corps. \n\n313. 26. Complaint agst Counds. Ranney. \n315 215 Allies, to Chuise Detectives \n\n316. 24. New Lylan Reservoir. \n\n318 24y. Sterling salary vallees of Ch. bettective rusper. \n319. 24. Grant of land to Church Misionary Society. \n320. 27. \n\nParcels Post Convention with US. \n\n321 24. Claim of J. Taylor. \n\n323. Sel. \n24. Sanitary Commr. \n\nMerchant-Shipping \n1-Shipping Oraces.\n\nPage",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-317 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [4-6].txt",
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    {
        "id": 389068,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-317 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 575,
        "title": "CO129-317 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "## No. 2817 \nC \n\n**DESPATCH** \n\n30 JUL 03 \n\nNo. 300 \n1903 \n\n**MO 2347** \nCopy \n\nRef. (Subject) \nParcels Post Convention with US \n\nto conclusion of convention $5 c. \naques to conclusion of \nohd equal 24 c. US \n\nir Johnson \n\n**(Minutes)** \n35 Mhong \n\nThe variation of their rate here suggested \nis very small \n+ for the sake of \ncommerce had better be accepted. \n\nI take his meaning to be that he only wishes the alteration to be made article IV 3, leaving 15 cents \nin article IV 4 & I 3 (Though their \nPo. equivalent for 5 cents American for ordinary postal packages is recent;y \nLand uḥy \nsaying that if this P.m.q. \nthis slight alteration \nis ... \n\n**MO 3062** \nsubsequent Paper \nof the rates \npropose to aid the apist \nConclude \napel \nif possible with the maximum weight of 5 Kilos restored but, if...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-317 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [4-6].txt",
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    {
        "id": 389071,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-317 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 578,
        "title": "CO129-317 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "## DRAFT\n\nMINUTE\n\n2817% \n\nSee: Of the 8.P.O. Six 32.\n\nMr. Stubbs 31/1 \nMr. Johnson 316 \nMr. Antrobus.\nMr. Cox.\nMr. Lucas.\nMr. Graham.\nSir M. Ommanney.\nEarl of Onslow.\nMr. Chamberlain, 27.6.13.\n\nAuod 31782 \nCopy for 327:1 Left \nSopy \nIndexed \nWith rof\" letter of the 24 \n571 \nJack 190 \na t \nJane, 590224/02,\n\nI am directed by Your Honour to transmit the enclosed copy of a despatch from the Governor of Hong Kong on the subject of the proposed Parcels Post Convention. It appears that Colonel ...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-317 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [4-6].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 389100,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-318 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [7-10]",
        "page_number": 3,
        "title": "CO129-318 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [7-10]",
        "content_text": "#1 \n12. \n## Post Office \n### Subject \nSel 144. Governorship of Ceylon. **Conf.** 14. \n395-14. 396. 14. \n401 20. \nPortal agencies in China. \n**Ordce** 19. \n\n13. \n**Conf.** 20. New Territories Land Court Amendt. **Ordie** \n403. 21 \nHOLA 21 \nTreatment of Plague Patients Apply of B. Taylor. \n**Couf.** 21. Alleged murder of a reformer. \nHow 24. Treatment of Plague \n408 26. Naval Hospital? \nPatients. \n2004, 26. Naval Water authority Bout- Subjects \nsupply **Conf.** 26. Protection of Chinese \nHel 204. Venice Sanitary Convention \n410 204. Man of war, \nwar \n412. 25. Victoria Harbour anchorage \n128 \n+ Kowloon Bridge \n413 28. Health & Buildings **Ordce**. 414 28. Plague Prevention \n415 31 \nVenice Sanitary Convention \nSel. Self Public Health Building Bldgs \n\" \n414. \n418 1 \n419. 2 \nMonday \nSel: Citation of julyan \nAttorney General's fees. \n2021 2. \n**Ordce** \nPlague Cases treated at Kennedy Town Hospital. \n420 2. Registration of Parcels Branch of P.C. \nLanding right possessed by Lele. Cous. Chinese Medical Officers. Appli. of B. Taylor. \n422. 2. \n423. 13 \n424 3. Working Scheme \nSubject \nBegh. 10 bate \n**Conf.** 3 Sept. Anchoring of foreign men of War. 424. Y. Salary of Bo Roch \nSalary of nurses. Currit. Bugunicer, Fire Brigade Asst: Land Officer, hey. Territory Rytercolonial Police Force. Tramways. \n10. \n430. \n10 \n431 \n432. 10 \n433. 10 \n434.!\" \n434. 14 434. 14. \nAdmny, Coaling Station at Kowloon Sel. 15 Site for Anglican Church Kowloon 438. 15. Jancheme \nH \nArtit. 19\" Anglican Church at-Kowloon \n448. 21 \n# \nHHG. 21. \nPlague. Opium Monopoly. \n450. 21. Kwangui Famine Relief Fund Magazines &c on \nGreen Island \n457. 22. \n+452. 25 - Lights at Cap Shui Mun Pass. \nThoroughfares in Kowloon \n453. 25. \n454 25. **Ordinance** 14+. \n453 25. \n456. 28. 457 29 \n**Ondre** 15: \nlle. \nOverseer & Asst. Engineer, P.W.D. \n460 1 Oct. **Onaces:** \nны |1. \n• \n**Conf.** 1. \nSalary of hu. Lewis. hyoukey Island at-Amory. \n462. 2. Leaves to gather shells &c of Lautão ds. 465. 5. Colimates 1904 Prace 17. Extension of Jewish Cemetery hu. Lett. \nAbe \n476 \n15.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-318 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [7-10].txt",
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    {
        "id": 391043,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 4,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "Vòng Mong, 1903.\n\nVol VI.\n\nContents\n\nSubject:\n\nForeign Office\n\n  \n    1 Jan\n    France + S. China.\n  \n  \n    15\n    Repatriation of distressed Brit:\n  \n  \n    22\n    S.W. China Trade\n  \n  \n    28\n    Disturbances in S. China.\n  \n  \n    31\n    China Treaty.\n  \n  \n    3\n    Feb.\n    China Trade.\n  \n  \n    5\n    Conspiracy at Canton\n  \n  \n    6\n    Bad tradition from San Francisco.\n  \n  \n    12\n    Future of China.\n  \n  \n    18\n    Plot to seize Canton\n  \n  \n    21\n    Conspiracy at Canton\n  \n  \n    23\n    Commercial Treaty with China.\n  \n  \n    26\n    Plot at Canton.\n  \n  \n    1 Apl.\n    Anglo Chinese Postal Agreement.\n  \n  \n    \n    Commercial Treaty with China.\n  \n  \n    \n    Importation of opium into China.\n  \n  \n    \n    Parcels Post Convention with US.\n  \n  \n    11\n    Coinage System in Philippines\n  \n  \n    16\n    June\n    Rebellion\n  \n  \n    19\n    Rebellion in S. China.\n  \n  \n    12\n    Assault by German Seamen.\n  \n  \n    23\n    Extradition of Hoffatt.\n  \n  \n    24\n    Foreign Post Offices in China.\n  \n  \n    \n    China Trade.\n  \n  \n    \n    Importation of tours into China.\n  \n  \n    \n    Trade of Heungtung.\n  \n  \n    \n    The foreign post offices in China.\n  \n  \n    7\n    July\n    Protection of Brit subjects in China.\n  \n  \n    29\n    Venice Sanitary Convention.\n  \n  \n    7\n    Cong\n    Manila Cable Extension.\n  \n  \n    13\n    China Trade\n  \n  \n    \n    Tour of Consul Litton in N.W. Yunnan\n  \n  \n    -1\n    Aug\n    Reign",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 391044,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 5,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "2\n\nFrom Bali\n\nSubject\n\nforeign murder of member of Chinese Reform Party.\n\nOffice 19! French activity in S. China. murder of Yeung Kui Wan\n\n5 Sept. Acquisition of land in Amoy Harbour.\n\nChina Affairs.\n\n21\n\n26\n\n29\n\n10\n\n24\n\nVenice Sanitary Convention\n\nSituation in Canton.\n\nMurder of Chinese reformer. Customs Admin. of Kiachan Blink Loade\n\nDeportation of Florence Starrett.\n\n4 Oct. Chinese duty on opium murder of a chinaman\n\nof Yeung Kuri Wan\n\n13\n\n164\n\n22\n\nCommercial Treaty with China. Deportation of Florence Fassett\n\n24. Protection of Anglo Chinese in China\n\n22y. Export of cuttle from Keangri\n\n24. Foreign Postal agencies in China.\n\n2 Nov. Parcels Post Convention with U.S.\n\nCommission on expenses of extradition\n\nParcels Post Convention with Usa\n\nDeportation of Miss Garrett.\n\nParcels Post Convention with usa murder of a chinaman\n\n10 Dec. Parcels Post Convention with Usa\n\nWar Office Feb. Gaza Reclamation\n\n6. Rifle range at Kowloon\n\n10 Jan Magazine on Stonecutter Island\n\n21 Feb. Kowloon warrant Lot- N°27.\n\nFrom Bali\n\nSubject\n\nWar Office 28 Feb. Magazine on Stonecutters Island\n\n3 Apr. Naval range at Kowloon\n\n26 July Prison on Stoncutters Island\n\n30 July Site for barracks on Stonecutters Is.\n\n1 Sept. Eastern Praya Reclamation\n\n25. Tenure of appt of G.O.C.\n\n28 Dec. Colonial Military Naval Lands.\n\nMiscellaneous\n\nNew Gardens 9 Jan Supt. of Botanical Dept.\n\nJucart. Ch. of Commerce 10.\n\nPost-Office\n\nMerchant Sitting Order\n\n15. Wireless Telegraphy.\n\n4 Feb.\n\nCol: Nursing Assoc 9. Nurses.\n\nAudit- Office 11 Mar Exam. of Wei-hai-wei Accts.\n\nLocal Govt. Bd. 12\n\nSalaries of Acting Officers. Plague.\n\nPost Office 24. Wireless Telegraphy.\n\nAudit Office 1 Apr. Training of junior accountants.\n\nPost Office 14. Postal Relations with China\n\nCalent office 13 June Specifications of Patents Fish of Trademarks.\n\nMerchant Serge Guild 13 ... Complaint apt. Commun. Rumsey\n\nInland Revenue 24 June Draft Stamping Ordinance\n\nbazb. Tel. Co. 13 July Cable Rates\n\nPost Office 27. Transmission of coin & bullion by post.\n\nCol. Nursing Assoc 14 Aug Nurse\n\nPost Office by Mails via Trans-Siberian Route.\n\n25. Parcels Post with Usa\n\nAudit-Office 22 Oct: Revenue Stamps.\n\nPost Office 39. Mail service by way of Siberian\n\nNov mails via Siberia\n\nreign",
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    },
    {
        "id": 391166,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 127,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "glad if, in returning the enclosure to this letter, you would furnish me with your observations upon the subject, either generally or individually.\n\n(903 May previous Paper was about held)\n\nCopy ERO. June (78)~165 — 20000-11-2 subsequent Paper.\n\nYou are No. 18414 (Subject.) DOMESTIC. C.O. 4 123\n\nParcels Post Convention with USA city cheap from Washington stating that our Govt is prepared to conclude convention similar to one in force between UK and Windward Is to be sent to Colonial Office.\n\n(Minutes.) ? Send copy (the printed version will be copied, as soon as it becomes available) and ask whether they are satisfied and what amendments they propose, unless they have already done so.\n\nFor Johnson that reply, returning printed RES19/5 84919 for further examination, it appears the Convention has not been concluded exactly as it should have been.\n\nPage information is not present in this text, if \"Page XX\" is detected in the original text, it should be kept as is.\n\nSome minor formatting was done to improve readability.\n\n \nhas been removed and the text has been formatted according to the rules.\n\nHere is the revised version:\n\nglad if, in returning the enclosure to this letter, you would furnish me with your observations upon the subject, either generally or individually.\n\n(903 May previous Paper was about held) Copy ERO. June(78)165 — 20000-11-2 subsequent Paper.\n\nYou are No.18414 (Subject.) DOMESTIC. C.O.4 123\n\nParcels Post Convention with USA city cheap from Washington stating that our Govt is prepared to conclude convention similar to one in force between UK and Windward Is to be sent to Colonial Office.\n\n(Minutes.) Send copy (the printed version will be copied as soon as it becomes available) and ask whether they are satisfied and what amendments they propose, unless they have already done so.\n\nFor Johnson that reply, returning printed RES19/5 84919 for further examination, it appears the Convention has not been concluded exactly as it should have been.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 391169,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 130,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "BRITISH EMBASSY,\n\nWASHINGTON.\n\n4.126\n\nMay 5th. 1903.\n\nB. 16.\n\nTreaty.\n\nMy Lord:-\n\nWith reference to my despatch No. 15 Treaty of April 16th. I have the honour to enclose copy of a Memorandum communicated by the State Department stating that the Postmaster General is prepared to conclude a Parcels Post Convention with the Government of Hong Kong similar to the one in force between the United States and the Windward Islands with certain modifications as indicated in the enclosed copy of the last named Convention.\n\nI have, &c.,\n\n(Signed)\n\nMichael H. Herbert.\n\nThe Marquess of Lansdowne, K.G.,\n\n&c.,\n\n&c.,\n\n&c.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 391170,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 131,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "PJ.\n\n127\n\nDEPARTMENT OF STATE,\n\nWASHINGTON.\n\nMay 1st, 1903.\n\nThe memorandum of the British Embassy of April 16th last was communicated to the Postmaster General, who, on the 27th of last month, wrote that his Department is prepared to conclude with the Government of Hongkong a Parcels Post Convention similar to the one in force between the United States and the Windward Islands, modified as indicated in pen and ink in the printed copy of the last named Convention herewith enclosed.\n\nMr. Payne says that all Parcels Post Conventions concluded hereafter with countries of the Eastern Hemisphere will be drawn on the lines indicated in the enclosed copy of the Windward Islands Convention.\n\nThe only material difference between those conventions and the conventions now in force being that in the new conventions the maximum weight of a parcel will be fixed at two kilograms or four pounds six ounces, instead of at five kilograms or eleven pounds, as in the old conventions.\n\n3",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903.txt",
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    {
        "id": 391442,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 403,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "No. 41058\n\nDOMESTIC.\n\nC.O. 399 41058\n\n1Rec3 (REG 10 NOV 03)\n\nU BeZXXI.\n\nOffice or Individual,\n\nForeign\n\n(Subject.)\n\n1903 Parcels Post Convention with N. S. A\n\nWho\n\nlast previous Paper.\n\nYou\n\nReuss\n\nvid's Jau\n\n1\n\n3\n\nW&L (78)~150~90000-11-2\n\n19722-BDER-10-3\n\nNext subsequent Paper.\n\ncopy\n\ntet from Washington.\n\n1904 aqued\n\nlor Collins\n\n1\n\nto. baue he sign\n\n(Minutes.)\n\nessay reference\n\nDraft herewithy\n\nThe ver...\n\ncofu\n\nSür\n\n11 hor\n\n1983\n\nDirector\n\nyour seed to\n\nmark the receipt of Your letter of the\n\nligen pano\n\n10\n\nUte wat\n\nequent\n\nYou\n\ngtie\n\n...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903.txt",
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    {
        "id": 391443,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 404,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "The scene when no easm lur Raikes simed not b Ampere red it once to sign the Parcels Post Convention when Haughing of the USA. Lawor\n\nImmediate\n\nThe Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs [REG 10 NOV 03] presents his compliments to the Under Secretary of State for the Colonies and with reference to his letter of the 5th instant (10213) and is directed by the Secretary of State to transmit, for the information of Mr. Secretary Lyttelton the accompanying copy of a paraphrase telegram as marked in the margin from His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires at Washington respecting the Parcel Post Convention between the United States and Hong Kong; and to inquire what answer should be sent to Mr. Raikes.\n\nForeign Office, November 10, 1903.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 391452,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 413,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "$30.\n\nbaty.\n\nC.O.\n\n409\n\n41798\n\nWASHINGTON.\n\nOctober 31st, 1903 17 NOV 03\n\nMy Lord:-\n\nWith reference to Your Lordship's despatch No.25 Treaty of September 26th, I have the honour to inform Your Lordship that I saw Mr. Payne, the United States Postmaster General, to-day and that we discussed the proposed Parcels Post Convention with Hong Kong.\n\nMr. Payne pointed out to me that, in compliance with the wishes of Congress, the United States Government were limiting the weight of parcels in all Parcels Post Conventions to 4 lbs. 6 oz., or 2 kilograms.\n\nIt was for this reason that they had concluded a new Parcels Post Convention with Germany, and he added that Hong Kong could hardly expect to receive more favourable treatment than that accorded to the Philippine Islands.\n\nThe Marquess of Lansdowne, K.G.,\n\n&c., &c., &c.,\n\nHe",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903.txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 391453,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 414,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "He said the only exception was New Zealand, and at present the United States Government did not wish to denounce that Convention, but that, as negotiations with Australia were being conducted with a view to concluding a Parcels Post Convention, and the lesser weight would be insisted upon, he thought that perhaps it might seem desirable that New Zealand should be placed on the same basis.\n\nNo objection was raised to the insertion of the equivalents in Hong Kong cents desired by that Government, and, as I informed Your Lordship to-day by telegram, the Convention will be ready for signature on or about November 15th. Mr. Payne suggested the date of December 1st for the day when the Convention should come into force, but I do not think he attaches any importance to any special date.\n\n(Signed)\n\nI have, &c.,\n\nArthur J. Reikes.\n\n410",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903.txt",
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    {
        "id": 391464,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 425,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "¥34.\n\naty.\n\nC.0.\n\n420\n\n44556\n\nBRITISH EMBASSY.\n\nWASHINGTON the 12 20 03\n\nNovember 25th, 1903.\n\nMy Lord:\n\nWith reference to my telegram Treaty of November 21st I have the honour to transmit to Your Lordship herewith the British Copy of the Hong Kong Parcels Post Convention signed by Mr. Payne, the United States Postmaster General and myself on November 21st.\n\n(Signed)\n\nMarquess of Lansdowne, K.G.,\n\n&c., &c., &c.,\n\nI have &c.,\n\nArthur S. Raikes.\n\nVar",
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        "id": 391630,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 590,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "HONG KONG DOMESTIC C.C. 31782 1584 No. 31782 REG 26 AUG 03 or Individual.\n\n\"Aug\" auf (Subject.) Parcels Post with U.S.A. mon Paper. No objection to a convention based on 100 existing agreement bet: Wuusware & Ut Rsystemark on rates to be adopted to cox Yo for tel shor 4181-5006-11-2 sequent Paper. 668 fr\n\n(Minutes.) I think we und Sin the Haughing P.O. credit for ordinary intelligence. Ask 70. to conclude commntion, if possible with altration the to mat mum wright- suggestsly the for: &. if not, with out it Ÿ write & in letter pratal rate equivalents so till for sending colly of 31782 our core with gp.o. Ar.. ALO718. 27\n\nPage 1584\n\nAfter re-examining the original text and applying the given rules, here is the corrected version in HTML format as requested:\n\n1. **Format**: The text is transformed into HTML using `` for paragraphs.\n2. **Reasonable adding of words and re-ordering**: Some words are corrected or reordered for clarity without altering the original meaning significantly.\n3. **Correct spelling errors**: Errors like \"Wuusware\" to \"Warehouse\", \"Rsystemark\" to \"Postal remark\", \"cox\" to \"cons\", \"shor\" to \"short\", \"sequent\" to \"subsequent\", \"commntion\" to \"convention\", \"altration\" to \"alteration\", \"wright-\" to possibly \"weight-\", \"pratal\" to \"postal\", \"colly\" to \"copy\", and \"gp.o.\" to \"G.P.O.\" are corrected.\n4. **Fix spacing issues**: Extra spaces are removed, and missing spaces are added for better readability.\n5. **Rejoin broken sentences**: Sentences are rejoined where necessary.\n6. **Restore paragraph breaks**: The text is formatted into proper paragraphs.\n7. **Indicate missing words**: No clear missing words are indicated with `...` as the corrections made are based on likely intended meanings.\n8. **Do not rephrase or rewrite**: The original tone and style are preserved as much as possible.\n9. **Format in HTML**: The output is in HTML format.\n10. **No translation of text**: The text is not translated.\n11. **Format of File Reference**: No file references are present to correct.\n12. **Page numbering**: \"Page 1584\" is kept as it was detected.\n\nHere is the corrected HTML output:\n\nHONG KONG DOMESTIC C.C. 31782 1584 No. 31782 REG 26 AUG 03 or Individual.\n\n(Subject.) Parcels Post with U.S.A. Memorandum Paper. No objection to a convention based on the existing agreement between Warehouse and Postal remark on rates to be adopted for short 4181-5006-11-2 subsequent Paper. 668 fr\n\n(Minutes.) I think we should credit the Haughing P.O. with ordinary intelligence. Ask H.M. to conclude convention, if possible with alteration to maximum weight - suggest the form: &. if not, without it write & in letter postal rate equivalents so as to facilitate sending a copy of 31782 to our core with G.P.O. Ar.. ALO718. 27\n\nPage 1584\n\nThis version adheres to the rules and corrects the OCR output for better readability while preserving the original content and structure as much as possible.",
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    {
        "id": 391631,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 591,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "? And F.O.\n\n14\n\n8/10\n\nWait another with\n\nth\n\nAll\n\nAddress reply\n\nquoting Registered No.\n\nto \"The Secretary, General Post Office,\"\n\nTrapsy\n\n590.224/02.\n\nSir,\n\n1762\n\nGENERAL POST OFFICE, LONDON,\n\n585\n\n15 August 1903.\n\nWith reference to your letter of the 5th of this month,\n\nNo. 28171/1903, transmitting a copy of a despatch from the\n\nGovernor of Hong Kong on the subject of the proposed Parcel\n\nPost Convention between that colony and the United States of\n\nAmerica, I am directed by the Postmaster General to acquaint\n\nyou, for the information of the Secretary of State for the\n\nColonies, that no objection is seen to the adoption of a\n\nConvention based upon the existing agreement between the\n\nWindward Islands and the United States, subject to the\n\nalterations indicated by Sir H. Blake.\n\nIt may interest the Secretary of State to know that for\n\nsea conveyance from Hong Kong to San Francisco the rate, if\n\nfixed in accordance with the International Parcel Post\n\nConvention, would be 3 francs per parcel. Hong Kong and the\n\nUnited States are not, of course, parties to the International\n\nConvention; and the arrangements for the conveyance of parcels\n\nbetween them are, under article VIII of the proposed convention\n\nUnder Secretary of State,\n\nColonial Office.\n\nto",
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    },
    {
        "id": 393289,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-323 - Acting Governor May Governor Nathan - 1904 [6-7]",
        "page_number": 470,
        "title": "CO129-323 - Acting Governor May Governor Nathan - 1904 [6-7]",
        "content_text": "468\n\nan annual settlement between the two Administrations, to be\n\ncalculated on the basis of statistics taken annually under the\n\nrules laid down in the Conventions of the Postal Union in force\n\nat the time. These statistics will be taken each year during the\n\nfirst 28 days of the months of May and November alternately.\n\nArticle VIII.\n\nParcel Post.\n\n1. The exchange of parcels, as also the exchange of money orders,\n\nletters with declared value of contents, &c., will be made the\n\nsubject of special arrangements as soon as the principal Arrange-\n\nment is put in force.\n\nArticle IX.\n\nResponsibility and Liability.\n\n1. In case of the loss of a registered article of correspondence\n\nor of a closed mail, the Administration which has undertaken its\n\ntransport and cannot account for its delivery or transmission to\n\nthe other Administration will be held responsible for the lost\n\nregistered article or the registered articles contained in the closed mail, within the limits of Article 8 of the \"Convention Principale\" of Washington and of Article XXIII of the \"Règlement\n\nd'Ordre et de Detail\" thereto appended.\n\n2. The loss or spoliation of a parcel will give right to an indemnity, which may amount to the equivalent of the loss or damage suffered but can in no case exceed 25 francs for non-\n\ninsured parcels or 1,000 francs for insured parcels.\n\n3. The protection granted above to registered articles and parcels will not extend beyond the working limits of the postal services of the contracting Administrations, and will not cover losses or damages arising from cases of force majeure, such as tempest, shipwreck, war, brigandage, etc.\n\nArticle X.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-323 - Acting Governor May Governor Nathan - 1904 [6-7].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 417824,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 536,
        "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "532\n\n8\n\nArt. 70. Articles which are prohibited to be imported into or exported from China may neither be sent by postal parcels.\n\nII.-Special Rules.\n\n(A.) Parcels sent to China.\n\nArt. 71. Parcels addressed to places in China must be accompanied by Customs declarations in duplicate, on the lines given in the Parcel Post Rules of the Rome Convention (Detailed Regulations, Article 6 (1)).\n\nArt. 72. In the declarations must be given place of dispatch, denomination of contents, form of packing, gross and net weight, value of contents, place of destination, and name of addressee.\n\nPogranitchnaya,\n\nArt. 73. On arrival of the parcels at the stations \"Manchuria\" and \"Pogranitchnaya,\" the Postal Department hands in to the custom-house a list of parcels in duplicate, together with two copies of the corresponding declarations. In the list the parcels must be grouped together as far as possible according to their place of destination.\n\nArt. 74. The custom-house either demands the presentation of all or a part of parcels for examination, or sends an officer to examine them at the post-office, or, on the strength of declarations, passes the parcels without examination.\n\nArt. 75. The amount of duty, if any is due, will be marked on the declarations and in the list, of each of which the custom-house retains one copy, and returns the duplicate copies of the list and declarations to the post-office.\n\nArt. 76. Parcels not liable to duty will be marked in the list and on the declarations \"duty free.\"\n\nArt. 77. If addressees of parcels are in a place where there is a custom-house, they are to pay the duty to the custom-house, which issues receipts, on the presentation of which the post-office delivers the parcel. Duty may also be paid to the post-office, which in such cases transmits the sum collected to the custom-house,\n\nThe issue of parcels for which duty had been fixed by the Customs is not to take place before the presentation of the Customs receipt, or until the amount of duty had been paid to the post-office.\n\nArt. 78. Parcels addressed to other places in China where there are no other custom-houses are to be sent to the post-office nearest to the place of residence of the addressee, accompanied by declarations, and with a remark, \"duty free,\" or \"duty amounting to roubles copecks, to be collected before delivery\" (which resembles trade charges for the amount of duty due).\n\nArt. 79. Sums collected by post-offices from the addressees of parcels are to be remitted by them to the entering Customs concerned, or to the Harbin custom-house, in full, at the expense of receivers of parcels.\n\nArt. 80. For the execution of such Customs formalities, the Postal Department has a right to exact from addressees a commission at the rate fixed by international or Russian postal regulations.\n\nArt. 81. In case of a refusal of the addressee to pay the duty, parcels will be dealt with in accordance with the existing postal regulations, but if it be decided to sell such parcels the duty assessed must be paid by the purchaser.\n\n(B.) Parcels sent from China.\n\nArt. 82. Parcels to be exported from China and dispatched from the stations \"Manchuria\" and \"Pogranitchnaya,\" or from places where there is a custom-house, must first be presented to the Customs for examination and payment of duty, whenever such is due, and to receive a permit, without which the post-office will not accept parcels (for transmission).\n\nArt. 83. When conveying such duty-paid parcels through the stations \"Manchuria\" and \"Pogranitchnaya,\" a list of parcels, together with one copy of Customs declarations, is to be presented by the Postal Department to the custom-house concerned. Parcels of this category must as far as possible be packed up separately from other parcels which have not paid duty. Such packages, at the option of the Customs, will travel under seals of the custom-house which levied duty as far as the frontier station, where the seals will be removed by the leaving Customs.\n\n9\n\nArt. 84. Whenever parcels are to be sent from places where there is no custom-house, a Customs declaration in triplicate must simultaneously be handed in to the post-office and duty paid at the rate of 5 per cent. on the value declared. The amount of duty is to be simultaneously forwarded to the leaving Customs at the expense of the sender.\n\nArt. 85. On arrival of such parcels at the frontier station a list in duplicate, together with Customs declaration in triplicate, is to be presented to the Customs. The amount of duty levied and remitted must be marked in the list and on declarations.\n\nArt. 86. The custom-house either demands the presentation of all or a part of passing parcels for examination, or sends an officer to examine at the post-office (or in the postal car), or gives permission for the parcels to be sent on without examination, and retains one copy each of the list and declarations.\n\nArt. 87. If at the examination a discrepancy between the contents of a parcel and the declaration be discovered giving grounds to suspect intention to defraud the Customs, such parcels will be liable to confiscation.\n\nArt. 88. In case of too low a declaration of the value on the basis of which duty was levied by the Postal Department at the place of dispatch of the parcel, the release of such parcel for abroad may be deferred by the Customs until the deficient amount has been paid up.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 418732,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-355 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 310,
        "title": "CO129-355 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "OP Y.\n\n(1). Universal Postal Union Payments.\n\n-$40,704.88\n\n(2). Mails for Europe via Siberia.\n\n$47,288.39\n\n(3). Mails for London by British packets via Suez.\n\n$2,506.94.\n\n(4). Mails exchanged through intermediary of Chinese Post Offices.\n\n$1,457.65.\n\n(5). Mails for United States and Ports of Call.\n\n$404.28\n\n(6). Mails from Canton.\n\n$1,286.16\n\n(7). Parcel Post on actual parcels despatched.\n\n$1,360.04.\n\n(8). Gratuities to Shipmasters;\n\n$897.71.\n\n308\n\nOn basis of Statistics taken during November 1st. to 28th. 1907, in accordance with Home Convention. (Sea conveyance by British packets excluded).\n\nSpecial Statistics of May 1st. to 28th., 1908, under Rome Convention.\n\nItalian and French transits only (special train) monthly accounts with the United Kingdom.\n\nAnnual Statistics.\n\nPayment made to Pacific Mail S.S. Company at $170 per rail.\n\nPayment based on biennial Statistics.\n\nAt 2 cents a letter and 1 cent other article.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-355 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [1-3].txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 441239,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-397 - Public Offices & Others - 1912",
        "page_number": 3,
        "title": "CO129-397 - Public Offices & Others - 1912",
        "content_text": "## Trade\n\nFROM \n\nWar Office \nboth nursing Usan. 6. Ext.: Aust. China Sel. Co. \nColonial Office \nRoyal Observatory S. Judian Rly. Bo. Bel. of Education \n\nDATE \n\nSUBJECT \n\n2 hor. Garrisons. \nMiscellaneous offices. \n8 Jan. Suose. \n9 \n\nHK-Canton Sel. line. \nTele. Kowloon-Canton. \nPost of 1st Gast. \n16 Feb. Death of G. S. Lundary. \nI hear. Order to command University Ordce. \nColonial Office \n\n# \n\nAppt. after Rees Davies \nVEL \nCpl. \nPrints. Gaalen 118 & 119. \nScottish Office. Alph. Seniority of Worker hue Lead. \nCharge for Suppression of Quin Trade Theay Ohm traffic. \nnursing sister. \nAppt. of Asst. Andilos. \nbha \n116 \n30 \n\nMiss Everingham. \nDirector of col. Audit: 31 \nReuter \nColonial Office. \n79 June Annual Acet: 1910. \n4 July Attempt of life of For. \nInternational Opium Convention \nBel. of Education 25. Second his treas for Kowloon school. \nDirector of col. Audit 6 Aug. W. To find contributions of ben. Cormack \nPost Office. \n16. \nAug. Merchant Jennie Juild. 23 Left: Paracels Reef \nHong Kong Shanghai Bank 27 \nbarts vin Liberia \nblinere currency. \n11 Oct. nursing system at burt Hospital. \nmercantile Bank of India Olor. Security agst hole one. \nbha \n\nCol: \nColonial Office \n6 \n\nAppt. of nurse. \nalong Kowloon - Canton Rly. \nAust. & China Sel. Co. 21 Dec. Sel. comes along Kowt \n16. \nOpium Conventions \n\n## Trade\n\nDate. \n1912 \n\nHONG KONG \n1595 \n\nRegistry of thiss \nCO \n1595 \nRrule JAN 12 \n\nJan owned by companies rest at Hong Kong but having \nat previous Paper. \n17441 \ntheir principal place of business in a treaty port. \nthese \nRends memo on subject & asks how application for men dealt with locally. Also enquires whether it is proposed to legalise by the new Comps \namay \nhave been \nplace the repatriation of companies doing business in Treaty Ports. \n\nJonnyson \nStubbs Collins \ncut Stubbs \n15296 \nAusd 15 Feb i \nCiv 44. cons. 16. \nJus. D. d 7.4 crore. B. dr. 7706.. \nCompanies Dept. B.ft. \n70 \nJune for \nSaa \nalso \n1514 \n(Companies Order \nThe \nBol of y \nash two \ngrs. \n(1) How \nTreadquarters \nare \nTr \nfor \nhave been treated \n\nat Subsequent Paper \n849 \napplications by shipping coys for whose \nat Shanghai \n(of their ships. \nregistration at \n2. Trong \nin the Colony, with ref. \nwhether \nregistered \nsuch companies \nto \nthe \ncan legally \nunder the Merchant Shipping Act \nwh. requires such com to \nEncsiness \n-17. 40,000. 11/11. A.&E.W. \nbraves their place of \nDominions \nat Sem \n\nThis \nfoot in \nH. M. \nI take \nit \nis \na gm. \nwoh must",
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    {
        "id": 445211,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "page_number": 285,
        "title": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "content_text": "# \nwho in person went round with an escort of armed police, sealing up the doors of retail shops, and also posted police at the dealers' doors to watch who went in and out. Most of the stock, some fifty chests, was brought into the settlement during the night, but a few chests were too late and were actually confiscated.\n\nThe Opium Suppression Office has, since the 1st, enlisted a horde of detectives, variously estimated at 1,000 and 1,500 men, who, in the guise of hawkers, infest the thoroughfares and the exits from city and settlements and search any native whom they deem suspicious. Their pay is permission to make what they can out of the drug they discover. Within the settlement, they haunt the doors of the opium shops (divans are of course no longer allowed), and shadow customers in the hope that they will overpass settlement limits and so become liable to search.\n\nThese detectives also search houses, and three compradores have been fined 250 dollars each for having opium in their premises.\n\nMeanwhile, the Imperial Maritime Customs have no instructions as to the changed position, and collect the extra duty, label opium, and issue certificates, as though the agreement of 1911 were still effective.\n\nOn the 6th instant, the Yuan Tai hong took out of Messrs. E. D. Sassoon and Co.'s godown sixty-four balls of Malwa from chest No. 99, paid duty, and had the drug packed by the Customs in sixteen parcels duly labelled, receiving also four relative transit certificates, to protect it on its way to Chinkiang. Last night, the owner took the opium in a box to the Shanghai Nanking railway station, in order to carry it with him to Chinkiang, but was seized, and he was informed that it would be sold by the capturing barrier, which doubtless had been posted by some of the detectives.\n\nThe above information was given by Mr. Ezra, who added that the purchaser had demanded the price—1,500 taels or so—back from the sellers, and had assaulted Mr. Levy in his office.\n\nSome of the insurance agents have already had orders from home not to take opium lines, and not to renew expiring policies.\n\nIt is needless to lay stress on the dangers involved in the above conditions. The municipality cannot intervene so long as the detectives confine themselves within the settlement to shadowing suspected carriers of opium, and the victims of such espionage have no redress. An excess of zeal on the part of a detective may, however, easily provoke a riot, and the storage of uninsured opium may tempt some fanatic to arson, in which case, apparently, the Chinese Government would be even less reasonable than in the Anching opium-burning case.\n\nThe wholesale and retail dealers are extremely unlikely to venture to resume business after their present experience, even were the president to proclaim that the agreement must be observed.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n## (No. 5.) Sir,\n\n### Enclosure 5 in No. 1.\n\n**Consul-General Fraser to Sir J. Jordan.**\n\nE. H. FRASER.\n\nShanghai, January 11, 1913.\n\nIN continuation of my despatch No. 4 of the 8th instant, I have the honour to forward copy, with translation, of a letter addressed by the Opium Guild to the foreign importers of opium here, which gives a graphic account of the extraordinary policy of persecution inaugurated by the provincial authorities.\n\nOn the 8th instant, there occurred three seizures to the knowledge of Mr. Ezra, namely:\n| Seizure Location | Description | Value |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Railway station |  Malwa cuttings | 800 dollars |\n| West gate | Benares cuttings | 300 dollars |\n| Chinese bund | Five balls of Patna | duly labelled, no transit certificates mentioned |\n\nAll the above were purchases made at shops in the settlement, detected doubtless by the spies of the bureau.\n\nThe offer to let the sixty-four cakes of Malwa, the seizure of which was reported in my previous despatch, be redeemed, has been withdrawn, and the opium taken into the city. With regard to the case of the native doctor mentioned in the guild's letter, it appears that three men, including an ex-patient, who some months ago had seen the doctor smoking, got admitted as patients, and, without showing any authority, took him to a court presided over by one Ni, of the bureau, and, on his confessing that he had opium in the settlement, although in his house there was found only a pipe, levied the fine of 5,000 dollars, which he paid to avoid worse treatment.\n\nI am informed that the daily sales in the settlement are from fifteen to twenty chests, of which only five to seven chests Malwa are obtained from foreigners, the remainder coming from the native dealers' stock of Bengal opium.\n\nThe insurance companies are uneasy over their opium risks, since, in case of fire, there would be no market for salvage.\n\nIn connection with the question of poppy cultivation, Messrs. E. D. Sassoon and Co. have handed me a Chinese letter from Amoy, of which copy and translation are enclosed.\n\nThe manager of the chartered bank has shown me a note from Peking stating that the United States and probably other legations adopt the position that it is impossible to take any steps to force on China a commodity that she does not want, and that it is not understood how her refusal can be a breach of any treaty. There is also a tendency to accept the Chinese contention that foreign interest ceases once opium passes into the possession of native purchasers.\n\nI venture to suggest that both the above contentions apply with equal force to any business or import in which foreigners are concerned; and that the people in power would have no serious difficulty in manufacturing as much evidence of cigarettes, kerosene, matches, flour, foreign banks' notes, &c., not being wanted by China, as has been produced in the case of opium. To confound under the same description \"not wanted,\" the impossibility of selling a costly luxury in a community whose members do not desire it, and the forcible prevention of purchase by eager buyers, betrays scant lucidity of thought. But, as my telegram No. 4 of yesterday indicates, the Chinese authorities count on the moral aversion from the opium trade of the British and other peoples to ensure them from any grave reprobation for failure to keep their pledges.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n### Enclosure 6 in No. 1.\n\nE. H. FRASER.\n\n**Chinese Foreign Opium Guild to Messrs. David and Messrs. E. D. Sassoon and Co., and other Foreign Importers.** (Translation.)\n\nDear Sirs,\n\nJanuary 7, 1913.\n\nIN the course of various communications to your firms, our association has brought to your notice the extremely high-handed measures adopted by Chinese officials for the suppression of the trade in Indian opium; how they have closed down all shops dealing in raw or prepared opium, and have arrested all persons purchasing Indian opium outside the settlement, and have confiscated the opium purchased.\n\nAlthough a long period has elapsed, we have up to date received no answer from you to our communications, and we are extremely anxious.\n\nThe Opium Prohibition Bureau have now issued an order to the effect that any person having Indian opium on his person is liable to arrest by any person. For this purpose, not only are the police to take into custody any persons whom they see purchasing Indian opium, but any loafer or vagabond may search people at pleasure and so annex fat profit.\n\nFurther, the Opium Prohibition Bureau have engaged 1,000 persons to serve as a special Indian opium detective force. They have been picketed both inside and outside the settlement with the express purpose of watching any customers purchasing Indian opium at the raw opium shops within the settlement, whom they shadow until they cross the settlement boundary, when they forcibly carry them off. This Indian opium detective force consists entirely of persons unemployed, vagabonds without any position whatever—to whom this name of Indian opium detective force is a cloak for harrying decent citizens, and for battening on a sham public service.\n\nTo take examples, there is a certain bankrupt tailor now serving as a detective who within four days has extorted by threats over 100 dollars. Again, another detective denounced in one day four families, all of compradores, respectable men of standing, for being in possession of Indian opium. They were thereupon arrested by...",
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    {
        "id": 451854,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-418 - Public Offices & Others - 1914",
        "page_number": 212,
        "title": "CO129-418 - Public Offices & Others - 1914",
        "content_text": "206 \n\nThe same remark applies to the Parcel Post Agreement concluded between Hongkong and China on 22nd June 1909. \n\nMeanwhile, mutual consultation may be proceeded with between our two Administrations conformably to Article 3.1 and 20.1 of the Universal Postal Convention and Article II of the Detailed Regulations for the execution of that Convention, regarding the exchange of mails and parcels. \n\nI have the honour to be, \n\nSir, \n\nYour obedient Servant, \n\n(Sd) T. Piry. \n\nPostmaster General. \n\n1",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-418 - Public Offices & Others - 1914.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 453473,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-421 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [3-4]",
        "page_number": 259,
        "title": "CO129-421 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [3-4]",
        "content_text": "# Enclosure \nNo 116 \n\n## GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG. 30th March, 1915.\n\nSir,\n\nI have the honour to inform you that this Government was notified by the Postmaster-General, Chinese Post Office, Peking, of China's adherence to the Universal Postal Union on the 1st March, 1914, to take effect on 1st September, 1914.\n\nAt the same time the local General Post Office was notified of the proposed abrogation of (1) the Postal Agreement of 29th December, 1904, and (2) the Parcel Post Agreement concluded on 22nd June, 1909, between this Colony and China with effect from the 1st September, 1914.\n\n2. After a series of consultations with representatives of the Chinese Post Office who were sent to Hongkong to discuss matters with the Postmaster-General here, it was agreed to renew the Parcels Agreement with a few minor alterations. The special arrangements entailed by the abrogation of the Postal Agreement and the substitution therefor of the terms of the Rome Convention, and also the question of the treatment of correspondence between the two administrations were then considered and the attached proposals for the establishment of a Chinese Postal Agency in Hongkong were brought forward by the representatives of the Chinese Post Office. Summarized, these proposals involved the establishment of a foreign Post Office on British soil, a great convenience to the Chinese Post Office to the detriment ...\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE LEWIS HARCOURT, M.P., &c., &c., &c.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-421 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [3-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 453570,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-421 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [3-4]",
        "page_number": 356,
        "title": "CO129-421 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [3-4]",
        "content_text": "# 350\n3. It is understood that the Postal Administration of Hongkong will make up all necessary mails to connect with the contract steamers at Singapore and that it will pay for such in accordance with the provisions of the local Ordinance as far as Singapore. It will also pay transit charges from Singapore to Europe on letters, post cards and other articles in accordance with the provisions of the Postal Union Convention as in the case of Foreign Postal Administrations. Parcels will be paid for in accordance with the existing arrangements with the United Kingdom from Singapore onward. From Hongkong to Singapore local rates as laid down in the Hongkong Post Office Ordinance will apply. These charges, it is estimated, will be small as compared with the present share of the subsidy paid to the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company. It is very desirable that the economy should be made, as the use of the Siberian route for ordinary mail matter from Hongkong costs the Colony not less than £7,000 per annum.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour most obedient,\nhumble servant,\nA. Tudor\nGovernor, &c.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-421 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [3-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 486169,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920",
        "page_number": 523,
        "title": "CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920",
        "content_text": "## Edinburgh Anti-Opium Committee\n\nFor promoting the Objects of \n**THE HAGUE INTERNATIONAL OPIUM CONVENTION**\n\nPresident—**LORD POLWARTH**  \nChairman of Executive—**A. H. F. BARBOUR, Esq., M.D., LL.B.**, 4 Charlotte Square  \nHon. Treasurer—**T. S. Mantin, Esq., C.A.**, 19 Dean Park Crescent  \nHon. Secretary—**Rev. G. S. Mu, M.A.**, Braid Road  \n\n## The Drug Traffic: The Peace Treaty: and Smuggling\n\nThe Covenant of the League of Nations (Article 23) \"entrusts the League with the general supervision of agreements with regard to the traffic in women and children and the traffic in opium and other dangerous drugs.\" Article 295 of the Peace Treaty runs thus: \"Those of the high contracting parties who have not yet signed or not yet ratified the Opium Convention, signed at the Hague on 23rd January, 1912, agree to bring the said Convention into force, and for this purpose to enact the necessary legislation without delay,\" &c. This is, so far, satisfactory. Special recognition is due to Lord Robert Cecil for his efforts in the matter. Are anti-opium operations, therefore, no longer necessary? By no means. The traffic is deeply rooted. It has many roots and branches. Only continued vigilance can ensure its extirpation. We must see that our own and other Governments apply the Hague Convention in both letter and spirit.\n\nThe kindred agitation against the West African Liquor Traffic has suffered disappointment. From utterances of the Colonial Office, it was expected that the import of all foreign alcoholic liquors would be prohibited, but only the \"trade gin\" has been banned, and this can easily come in under other names. Our Government are not indifferent to the drug peril, but they have hitherto worked on altogether wrong lines. They have been content to regulate distribution instead of controlling and restricting production. In 1917, they made a beginning by supervising the export of morphia direct to Japan. But the dealers had only to send their consignments by way of France or America, and now similar arrangements have been made with those two countries. Only licensed parcels may be sent there. But other routes can be used. And when all legitimate outlets are guarded, the illicit traffic will still flourish. It is like labouring to empty the trough while leaving the tap running. With destructive poisons so bulkless and scentless, it is a futile policy.\n\nTo land a cask of gin, or its equivalent in 36 dozen quart bottles, is difficult. When the victims are reached, only about 4000 of them can be intoxicated, allowing a gill to each. This is bad enough. But two ounces of heroin in an envelope will narcotise as many thousands, and a seven-pound parcel, easily sent by post under another name, will debauch nearly 200,000 bodies and souls, at a quarter of a grain to each. Now, from 20 to 30 tons of morphia and heroin are being secretly sent into China every year. Opium, some of it from India, is also being smuggled in. The methods of the smugglers are countless.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 489246,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "page_number": 394,
        "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "that occasion, and should make every effort to put into execution in this country coercive measures for the trade in opium and its products, such as cocaine, &c.; further, as our present customs regulations have no power to restrict such commerce, it is indispensable that Congress should legislate with that urgency which the case demands in accordance with the clauses of that convention for the following:\n\n(a) That the importation of such drugs shall not be permitted except to legitimate concerns, druggists, pharmacies, laboratories, &c., and even then, only for therapeutic needs;\n\n(b) That the introduction of such compounds shall only be permitted through the custom-houses or customs posts of the same degree;\n\n(c) That the movement of such compounds through the post, as parcels or \"colis,\" shall be subject to the same supervision and restrictions as established in the customs regulations under paragraphs (a) and (b);\n\n(d) That the export of such compounds shall not be permitted;\n\n(e) That the \"colis\" containing cocaine, opium, preparations of opium (morphine, heroin, &c.), or their extracts, must be plainly marked externally with a printed or written description of their contents, in order to facilitate their rapid checking;\n\n(f) That the re-export of such products, in those cases where the conditions of the order have not been complied with, shall only be permitted to the actual sender and to no other;\n\n(g) That the export or import of the compounds in question, under any conditions except those permitted and provided for, shall be considered as contraband and subject to the corresponding legislative penalties.\n\nThe administration and regularisation of the traffic permitted in these compounds shall be subject to the Department of Public Health, which shall draw up the measures required for their application, being permitted to include at a later period any further measures which may have been found necessary in order rigorously to carry out the objects of the International Opium Convention.\n\nRio de Janeiro, July 29, 1920.\n\nTrue copy:\n\nLUIZ BORDINI.\nMATHIAS PÉRENE.\n\n1921\n15 March\n\nLast previous Paper.\n\nHONG KONG\n12071\nREC\nC\n12971\nREG MA 21\n\nWireless Mable rights in China\n\nThis copy comes with Br. Repre. Peking\n\n(85404) Wt. 14135/23 Gp. 163 2500 8/20 W & B Ltd.  \n101177 22646,32  \n50000 10-20  \n392",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 489826,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "page_number": 317,
        "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "## 2\n\n355,368 tahils, 3 chees, and 6 hoons less than in 1919, the amount sold was no less than 1,290,289 tahils, 5 chees, approximately 19 tons (see p. 5). In the same report, the average consumption per male adult Chinese over 15 years of age is estimated at 47.9 chees per head. It is difficult to understand why, in taking the average, the age taken is that of \"over 15 years of age,\" when the sale of chandu is forbidden to any but Chinese males over 21 years of age. No person below the age of 16 may enter the public smoking rooms, but the entry of Chinese males between the ages of 16 and 21 does not carry permission to purchase chandu. If the average were taken on the basis of Chinese over 21 years of age, the amount estimated of consumption would necessarily be above that of 47.9 chees per head. Does the Governor of Singapore mean that all the Chinese over 21 years of age smoke opium? If so, the evil is greater than had been imagined. Whether or not this be so, apparently the Government is prepared to supply opium to all adult male Chinese in the Malay States, and the amount anyone may possess of chandu, except under licence, is 74 tahils, or 10 ounces. It would therefore be possible for any adult male Chinese to possess at any time far more opium than even the most infatuated smoker would consume in one day, and thus, provided he has the money to make the purchase, any adult male Chinese can gratify his craving to whatever extent he pleases. The high price of chandu is supposed to be a means of decreasing the extension of the habit, making it rather a luxury for the rich than a possibility for all, but this seems inconsistent with the recommendation of the committee for abolishing the use of opium, since they assert (p. 13) that prohibition would have a very detrimental effect on the labour force, from which it is evident that opium is supplied at a price which makes possible its purchase by the labourer. With regard to British Malaya, then, the Government has a monopoly of the sale of opium, and apparently furnishes sufficient for the free indulgence of opium smoking of the whole Chinese adult male population, rich and poor.\n\nConcerning Hong Kong, the report of the Superintendent of Imports and Exports at Hong Kong for the year 1919 gives the following figures:\n\n| Category | Amount |\n| --- | --- |\n| Stock on the 1st January, 1919 | 253 chests |\n| Imported during the year | 1,290 |\n\nOf these chests, 377 were boiled by Government monopoly, 376 chests were sent to Keelung, Formosa, and 374 chests were sent to Macao. Of the chests sent to Formosa, it may be surmised that the greater portion of the opium was manufactured into morphia, and that either as morphia or opium, the ultimate destination of most of it would be China. With regard to the opium sent to Macao, the letter from Mr. Claud Severn to Viscount Milner mentions a case in which 153,600 taels of opium, professedly shipped for Chile on the steamship \"Amherst,\" were disposed of in some surreptitious way, that is, it must have been ultimately smuggled into China, or some other place in the Far East. Thus, out of 1,543 chests, 750 were not used in Hong Kong, and a large proportion of them were disposed of by illicit trade.\n\nThese facts do not seem consistent with the statement that the Governments of Hong Kong and British Malaya are carrying out the aims of The Hague Convention. Viscount Milner expresses the opinion that the letters of Mr. James and Mr. Severn \"will convince any impartial tribunal that the terms of The Hague Convention are being fully and conscientiously complied with by the Governments of British Malaya and Hong Kong,\" but with due respect to the opinion of Lord Milner, the board of directors cannot but feel that the publication of these facts would lead to a different opinion in the minds of all impartial observers.\n\n## 2. \nIn addition to the legitimate trade, the letters and reports recognise a very extensive trade in smuggling. Concerning this, Mr. James writes: \"I consider it is not unlikely that, if the licit trade in opium were abolished, all efforts to cope with the menace of opium smuggling and the use of deleterious drugs must prove abortive until such time as the production of opium and the manufacture of such derivatives as morphia and cocaine are so controlled in all producing countries as strictly to correspond with what the world actually requires for medical and legitimate purposes.\" Also, in the report attached to Mr. James's letter and signed A. R. Chancellor, D. Beatty, and G. Gordon Wilson, we find: \"So long as the poppy is cultivated in countries from which there is easy sea communication with the Straits, such as India, Persia, and China, there will always be the temptation to smuggle the product of the plant if the profit to be obtained is sufficiently lucrative.\"\n\nFurther, Mr. Claud Severn quotes the opinion of Messrs. Alfred Holt and Co., who say that: \"So long as it is possible for the principals in England to acquire large quantities of opium for export, so long will it be possible for small parcels to be smuggled. So long as opium can thus be sold wholesale in this country, so long will the joint operation of laxity in the United Kingdom and severity abroad make illicit traffic easy and profitable. Messrs. Alfred Holt and Co. would therefore urge upon His Majesty's Government the necessity of altering the law, so that the contraband trade may be stopped in its early stages.\" Mr. Severn also remarks: \"I have endeavoured to show that the initiative should lie elsewhere, and that with sufficient assistance from outside, the problem of opium suppression in Hong Kong is at once and finally solved.\"\n\nThe board of directors would express their entire agreement with these opinions, but they submit that the correct deduction from them is not to support a licit trade, since that does not prevent smuggling, but to limit the production of all narcotics to the amounts sufficient for medical uses, and this can be done only through international agreements.\n\n## 3. \nIn reply to the argument that if the traffic in opium is abolished, there will be great dangers arising from the use of alcoholic drinks and other deleterious drugs such as morphia and cocaine.\n\nThe board fails to see the relevancy of this argument. It is as if one were to watch complacently an infatuated person poison himself slowly with arsenic because if prevented, he might poison himself a little more expeditiously with hydrocyanic acid. The Indian Government permits a considerable traffic in arrack and toddy and gives as a reason that if prevented, the people will indulge in narcotics. Now we are told that people should be permitted to indulge in narcotics for fear that if prevented, they will take to alcoholic drinks. When it is recalled that the sale of alcoholic drinks and of opium both swell the revenues in British possessions in Asia, it is difficult to believe that the question is not in some degree affected by the amounts raised for revenue.\n\nThat a traffic in opium should be legalised because if it is not, there will be a dangerous use of morphia seems all the more astonishing, for the Government of India produces the largest amounts of opium, and out of this are manufactured the enormous supplies of morphia, which are being introduced and sold illicitly in China, the amount of opium produced being far in excess of what is required for legitimate medical uses. The reasons that have led to severe legal enactments controlling the manufacture and sale of morphia and preparations should lead to similar enactments controlling the sale of all deleterious drugs; and the same arguments can be applied to the necessity for legally controlling the manufacture and sale of inferior and detrimental alcoholic drinks, such as would be used by the general public to replace the indulgence in narcotics.\n\nThe argument used in the recommendations of the committee for abolishing the use of opium, that \"it deprived of opium, it is only human nature that some substitute will be adopted\" and that \"the Chinese will have opium if it can be procured,\" set forth in Mr. Severn's letter, can hardly be taken seriously. It is not true concerning the Chinese, for although many Chinese are prone to indulge in the use of opium, it is not more than a century and a half since this habit took hold of the Chinese. Nor is it probable that at any time more than 1 per cent. of the Chinese people indulged in the opium habit, although in some districts the percentage was enormously high. If the narcotics cannot be procured, the Chinese not only can do very well without them, but they are in every way better, socially, morally, and physically.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**General Secretary** \n\n## 1 \n316",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt",
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    {
        "id": 489834,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "page_number": 325,
        "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "# \n\n324 \n\nThe amount of opium sold in British Malaya in 1920 was 355,368 tahils, 3 chees, and 6 hoons less than in 1919. The amount sold was no less than 1,290,289 tahils, 5 chees, approximately 19 tons (see p. 5). In the same report, the average consumption per male adult Chinese over 15 years of age is estimated at 479 chees per head. It is difficult to understand why, in taking the average, the age taken is that of \"over 15 years of age,\" when the sale of chandu is forbidden to any but Chinese males over 21 years of age. No person below the age of 16 may enter the public smoking rooms, but the entry of Chinese males between the ages of 16 and 21 does not carry permission to purchase chandu. If the average were taken on the basis of Chinese over 21 years of age, the amount estimated of consumption would necessarily be above that of 470 chees per head. Does the Governor of Singapore mean that all the Chinese over 21 years of age smoke opium? If so, the evil is greater than has been imagined. Whether or not this be so, apparently the Government is prepared to supply opium to all adult male Chinese in the Malay States, and the amount anyone may possess of chandu, except under licence, is 7 tahils, or 10 ounces. It would therefore be possible for any adult male Chinese to possess at any time far more opium than even the most infatuated smoker would consume in one day, and thus, provided he has the money to make the purchase, any adult male Chinese can gratify his craving to whatever extent he pleases. The high price of chandu is supposed to be a means of decreasing the extension of the habit, making it rather a luxury for the rich than a possibility for all, but this seems inconsistent with the recommendation of the committee for abolishing the use of opium, since they assert (p. 13) that prohibition would have a very detrimental effect on the labour force, from which it is evident that opium is supplied at a price which makes possible its purchase by the labourer. With regard to British Malaya, then, the Government has a monopoly of the sale of opium, and apparently furnishes sufficient for the free indulgence of opium smoking of the whole Chinese adult male population, rich and poor.\n\n## Concerning Hong Kong\n\nThe report of the Superintendent of Imports and Exports at Hong Kong for the year 1919 gives the following figures:\n\n| Stock on the 1st January, 1919 | Imported during the year |\n| ------------------------------- | ------------------------- |\n| 253 chests                      | 1,290                     |\n\nOf these chests, 377 were boiled by Government monopoly, 376 chests were sent to Keelung, Formosa, and 374 chests were sent to Macao. Of the chests sent to Formosa, it may be surmised that the greater portion of the opium was manufactured into morphia, and that either as morphia or opium, the ultimate destination of most of it would be China. With regard to the opium sent to Macao, the letter from Mr. Claud Severn to Viscount Milner mentions a case in which 153,600 taels of opium, professedly shipped for Chile on the steamship \"Amherst,\" were disposed of in some surreptitious way, that is, it must have been ultimately smuggled into China, or some other place in the Far East. Thus, out of 1,543 chests, 750 were not used in Hong Kong, and a large proportion of them were disposed of by illicit trade.\n\nThese facts do not seem consistent with the statement that the Governments of Hong Kong and British Malaya are carrying out the aims of The Hague Convention. Viscount Milner expresses the opinion that the letters of Mr. James and Mr. Severn \"will convince any impartial tribunal that the terms of The Hague Convention are being fully and conscientiously complied with by the Governments of British Malaya and Hong Kong,\" but with due respect to the opinion of Lord Milner, the board of directors cannot but feel that the publication of these facts would lead to a different opinion in the minds of all impartial observers.\n\n## \n\n2. In addition to the legitimate trade, the letters and reports recognise a very extensive trade in smuggling. Concerning this, Mr. James writes: \"I consider it is not unlikely that, if the licit trade in opium were abolished, all efforts to cope with the menace of opium smuggling and the use of deleterious drugs must prove abortive until such time as the production of opium and the manufacture of such derivatives as morphia and cocaine are so controlled in all producing countries as strictly to correspond with what the world actually requires for medical and legitimate purposes.\" Also, in the report attached to Mr. James's letter and signed A. R. Chancellor, D. Beatty, and G. Gordon Wilson, we find: \"So long as the poppy is cultivated in countries from which there is easy sea communication with the Straits, such as India, Persia, and China, there will always be the temptation to smuggle the product of the plant if the profit to be obtained is sufficiently lucrative.\"\n\nFurther, Mr. Claud Severn quotes the opinion of Messrs. Alfred Holt and Co., who say that: \"So long as it is possible for the principals in England to acquire large quantities of opium for export, so long will it be possible for small parcels to be smuggled. So long as opium can thus be sold wholesale in this country, so long will the joint operation of laxity in the United Kingdom and severity abroad make illicit traffic easy and profitable.\" Messrs. Alfred Holt and Co. would therefore urge upon His Majesty's Government the necessity of altering the law, so that the contraband trade may be stopped in its early stages. Mr. Severn also remarks: \"I have endeavoured to show that the initiative should lie elsewhere, and that with sufficient assistance from outside, the problem of opium suppression in Hong Kong is at once and finally solved.\"\n\nThe board of directors would express their entire agreement with these opinions, but they submit that the correct deduction from them is not to support a licit trade, since that does not prevent smuggling, but to limit the production of all narcotics to the amounts sufficient for medical uses, and this can be done only through international agreements.\n\n## \n\n3. In reply to the argument that if the traffic in opium is abolished, there will be great dangers arising from the use of alcoholic drinks and other deleterious drugs such as morphia and cocaine.\n\nThe board fails to see the relevancy of this argument. It is as if one were to watch complacently an infatuated person poison himself slowly with arsenic because if prevented, he might poison himself a little more expeditiously with hydrocyanic acid. The Indian Government permits a considerable traffic in arrack and toddy and gives as a reason that if prevented, the people will indulge in narcotics. Now we are told that people should be permitted to indulge in narcotics for fear that if prevented, they will take to alcoholic drinks. When it is recalled that the sale of alcoholic drinks and of opium both swell the revenues in British possessions in Asia, it is difficult to believe that the question is not in some degree affected by the amounts raised for revenue.\n\nThat a traffic in opium should be legalised because if it is not, there will be a dangerous use of morphia seems all the more astonishing, for the Government of India produces the largest amounts of opium, and out of this are manufactured the enormous supplies of morphia, which are being introduced and sold illicitly in China, the amount of opium produced being far in excess of what is required for legitimate medical uses. The reasons that have led to severe legal enactments controlling the manufacture and sale of morphia and preparations should lead to similar enactments controlling the sale of all deleterious drugs; and the same arguments can be applied to the necessity for legally controlling the manufacture and sale of inferior and detrimental alcoholic drinks, such as would be used by the general public to replace the indulgence in narcotics.\n\nThe argument used in the recommendations of the committee for abolishing the use of opium, that \"if deprived of opium, it is only human nature that some substitute will be adopted\" and that \"the Chinese will have opium if it can be procured,\" set forth in Mr. Severn's letter, can hardly be taken seriously. It is not true concerning the Chinese, for although many Chinese are prone to indulge in the use of opium, it is not more than a century and a half since this habit took hold of the Chinese. Nor is it probable that at any time more than 1 per cent. of the Chinese people indulged in the opium habit, although in some districts the percentage was enormously high. If the narcotics cannot be procured, the Chinese not only can do very well without them, but they are in every way better, socially, morally, and physically.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n, \n\nGeneral Secretary.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 492980,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 333,
        "title": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "2014 12 Europe Australia, and other Ports \n\nP. & O.-BRITISH INDIA, APCAR \n\nANA \n\nFASTERN & AUSTRALIAN LINES \n\nCOMPANIES incorporated in ENGLAND) \n\nΤΟ \n\n*TRAITS ★ BURMA, CEYLON, INDIA PERSIAN GULF, WEST INDIES MAURITIUS EAST & SOUTH AFRICA, AUSTRALIA, &c. \n\nNCIUDING, NEW ZEALAND & QUEENSLAND PORTS. RED SEA, BÜLLET RODE PTC \n\nPENINSULAR & ORIENTAL FORTNIGHTLY DIRECT ROYAL MAIL STEAMERS (UNDER CONTRACT WITH H. M. GOVERNMENT.) \n\nYAN \n\nSICILIA MANTUA DONGOLA \n\nJANUS EGRA \n\nTana \n\n19,000 6,702 11,000 \n\n8,000 \n\n\" \n\nFrom Hong-kong (about) \n\nDestination \n\n11 Oct 11 a.m. Mles, London & Antwerp \n\n16th Sept 1 S'pore, P'ang, Cbo & B'bas 25th Oct. B'hay, Mles, L'don, A'werp \n\n8th Nov. M'les, London & Antwerp \n\nBRITISH INDIA, APCAR SAILINGS (South) \n\nTHE \n\nHONGKONG \n\nTELEGRAPH. \n\nSATURDAY, \n\nSEPTEMBER 30, 1922. \n\nShipping to Europe, Australia, and other Ports \n\nN. Y. K. \n\nSAILINGS SUBJECT TO ALTERATION \n\nVICTORIA, SPATTLE & VANCOUVER via Shanghai & Japan ports. Through Bills of Lading issued to all Overland Common Points in U.S.A. & Canada. \n\nSHIDZUOKA MARU (Calling Keelung) Sat., 30th Sept., at 11 a.m. \n\nYOKOHAMA HARU...... \n\nMonday, 23rd Oct., at 11 a.m. \n\nMARSEILLES, LONDON & ANTWERP via Singapore, &c. \n\nKASHIMA MARU, \n\n29th Sept. at 11 a.m. 13th Oct. at 11 a.m. \n\nHAKONE MARU \n\n--- \n\nFriday, \n\nFriday, \n\nAMBURG via LONDON, ROTTERDAM. \n\nLIVERPOOL via MARSEILLES. \n\nTOYOHASHI MARU \n\nSecond half of October. \n\n... \n\nAKI MARU \n\nSYDNEY & MELBOURNE via Manila, &c. \n\nYOSHINO MARU....... \n\nTuesday, 17th Oct. at 11 a.m. Tuesday, 14th Nov. at 11 a.m. \n\nNEW YORK VIA PANAMA. \n\nEnd of October. \n\nMAYABASHI MARU... \n\nRIO DE JANEIRO, SANTOS & BUENOS AIRES via Cape. \n\nBOMBAY via Singapore, Penang & Colombo \n\nAWA MARU \n\nThursday, Penang. BALCUTTA via Singapore, Penang & Rangoon. \n\nMORIOKA MARU NAGASAKI, KOBE & YOKOHAMA, \n\nAKI MARU SHANGHAI, KOBE & YOKOHAMA. \n\nMISHIMA MARU \n\n| 30 Sept. I p.m. ↑ Calcutta via S'pore, 5, 08 \n\n8th Oct. Singapore. EASTERN & AUSTRALIAN SAILINGS (South) \n\n(Manila, Iloilo, Sandakan, | 6,000 | 4th Oct. 11 a.m. \n\nThurs Is., Tville. B'ban \n\nSydney & Melbourne. \n\nARAFURA \n\nFrequent connections from Australia with the following:- The Union S.S. Company to the United Kingdom via New Zealand &c. \n\nThe P & O Branch Service of steamers to London via the Cape \n\nThe New Zealand Shipping Co's steamers for Bordeaux &c. \n\nFGR \n\nSAILINGS TO SHANGHAI & JAPAN. \n\nAnong. \n\n*n* Canal \n\nSICILIA \n\n5,108 670 DONGOLA 18,084 \n\n4th Oct. \n\n5th Oct d'light \n\n7th Oct. \n\nST. ALBANS | 6,000 \n\n9th Oct. \n\nAmoy Shanghai. Shanghai & Japan. Japan. \n\nAll dates are approximate and subject to alteration without notice \n\nWIRELESS ON ALL STEAMERS. \n\nParcels measuring not more than 2ft x 2ft x 1ft, will be received at the Company's Offices up to noon on the day previous to sailing \n\nFor Passage Rates, Handbooks, Freights etc., apply to \n\nMACKINNON, MACKENZIE & CO \n\n22, Des Voeux Road Central. \n\nCLEN \n\nAND \n\nAgent- \n\nSHIRE. \n\nJOINT SERVICE OF STEAMERS \n\nO.K., STRAITS, CHINA & JAPAN Service \n\nVessel. \n\n9.S.S. \n\nGIENAVY \n\nS.S. \n\nGLENAPR \n\nSS. \n\nCARNARVONSHIRE \n\n$S. S.S. \n\nGLENUARY\": \n\nOLENIFFER \n\nVessel. \n\nS.S. GLENARIFFE \n\nS.S. GLENOGLE \n\nOUTWARDS. \n\nHOMEWARDS. \n\nLeaves Hongkong. \n\nDue Hongkong. \n\n5th October. 5th October. 19th October. 2nd November \n\n16th November. \n\nDischarges. \n\n18th Oct. LONDON. A'WERP & HAMBURG 23rd Oct. L'DON, A'WERP, R'DAM, H'BURG, \n\nMovements are subject to change without notice. For freight or further particulars please apply to:- \n\nJARDINE, MATHESON & CO., LTD. \n\nTHE GLEN LINE, LTD \n\nAGENTS' \n\nTelephone Central No 215, sub-ex 23 and 3696 \n\nJAVA-CHINA-JAPAN LIJN. \n\nSteiner \n\nREGULAR FORTNIGHTLY \n\nSERVICE BETWEEN \n\nJAVA, CHINA and JAPAN. \n\nFim \n\nor about \n\nW1il Trave \n\nnz about \n\nExpected D \n\nTjikembang Java 30th Sept. Tjitaroem...Shai, N.C. | 2nd Oct. Tjiliwang... | Japan Amoy 7th Oct. \n\nJapan Amoy 15th Oct. | 17th__ Oct. \n\n7th Oct. 4th Oct. 9th Oct. \n\nFor \n\nFor further information apply to Tel. Central Nos. 292 & 293. \n\n10th October. \n\nFriday, \n\n29th Sept. \n\nFriday 13th Oct at 11 a.m. \n\nThursday, \n\n12th Oct. at 11 a.m. \n\nNIPPON YUSEN KAISHA. K. H. KAMEI, Manager, \n\nDODWELL & CO., LTD. \n\nREGULAR SAILINGS TO NEW YORK & BOSTON \n\nFOR NEW YORK & BOSTON, \n\nS.S. KENDAL CASTLE\" Sailing on or about 15th Nov. \n\nLLOYD TRIESTINO. \n\nTaking cargo on through Bills of Lading for Levant, Black Sea and Danube Ports. \n\nFIUME having been re-opened for traffic, cargo is also accepted for this port on through Bills of Lading. \n\nFOR SHANGHAI. \n\nS.S.TRIESTE ̈ \n\nSailing on or about 14th October. For BRINDISI, VENICE & TRIESTE. Via Singapore, Penang and Colombo. \n\nwww \n\nS.S.TRIESTE \" Passengers' Luggage can be insured at the office of the Agents, \n\nSailing on or about 31st October. \n\nNATAL LINE OF STEAMERS \n\nRegular Passenger and Cargo Service. \n\nFROM CALCUTTA TO SOUTH AFRICAN PORTS \n\nSailing on or about 31st October. S.S. \"UMLAZI\" \n\nThrough Bills of Lading issued from Hongkong. \n\n*** \n\n*** \n\nFor Freight or Passage on any of the above Lines apply to:- \n\nDODWELL & CO., LTD., \n\nAgents. \n\nTelephone Central 1030, \n\nAUSTRALIAN, ORIENTAL LINE. \n\nHONGKONG TO PHILIPPINES & AUSTRALIAN PORTS. SAILING (SUBJECT TO ALTERATION). \n\nSteamer. \n\nTAIYUAN CHANGSHA \n\nArrives Hongkong from Australia. \n\n2nd Oct. \n\n15th Oct. \n\nCOASTAL SHIPPING. \n\nINDO CHINA STEAM NAVIGATION CO., LTD. \n\nSAILINGS SUBJECT TO ALTERATION \n\nMon. Tues. \n\nTues. \n\nThurs. \n\nThurs. \n\nSailing \n\n1st Oct. at 10 a.m. 1st Oct. at noon. 2nd Oct at 4 p.m. 3rd Oct. at noon. 3rd Oct. at 3 p.m. 5th Oct. at noon. 5th Oct. at 2 p.m. 6th Oct. at 8 a.m. 6th Oct. at 3 p.m. \n\nnoon. 8th Oct at \n\nSHIPPING NEWS. \n\nC.S, MERCANTILE MARINE \n\nRATIONING PLAN, \n\nThat steamship operating at New York approve in principle the rationing plans being worked out by the division of operations of the United States Shipping Board is indicated not only by their expressions of approval, but by active co-operation in working out details. The Standing Committee of managing agents of the Shipping Board and representatives of thirty-eight steamship companies operating Government vessels met in the Whitehall Building, NY, says the New York Maritime Recorder, to discuss details of the rationing plan. \n\nDestination \n\nSteamer BANGKOK via Swatow Drufar Sun. TAO via S'tow & S'hai Yatshing Sun. OBE....... \n\n......Laisang TTAO via Stow & S'bai Hangsang STRAITS & Calcutta... Kutsang ANTUNG via Shanghai Loksang SANDAKAN \n\nMarsang HAIPHONG via Hoihow Leesang Fri. | MANILA \n\nYuensang Fri. TT Ovia Stow & S'hai Kwongsang Sun. KOBE via Yokohama...... Namsung Tues, 10th Oct. at noon. BANGKOK via Swatow Childar Tues, 10:h Oct. at noon, ~ALCUTTA LINE:-This Line now affords regular sailings to \n\nCALCUTTA, PENANG and SINGAPORE; Returning from Calcutta steamers proceed via Straits and Hongkong to \n\noccasionally calling at Shanghai, \n\nJapaustenance, repairs, stores and \n\nfuel. The rationing of the latter, the most they say, presents difficulties. A fixed allowance for sustenance is already in force, the Government allowing 65 cents a day for each member of the crew of a Shipping Board \n\nAll steamers have excellent passenger accommodation, are fitted \n\nwith Electric Light & Fans and carry a fully qualified Surgeon. SHANGHAI LINE: Sailings approximately every three days between \n\nCanton and Shanghai, sometimes calling at Swatow. Through tickets can be obtained and through Bills of Lading are issued all to Northern and Yangtsze Ports via Shanghai.\" MANILA LINE:A weekly service is maintained with Manila by vessels with good passenger accommodation, sailings from both ports every Friday. |HAIPHONG LINE :-Sailings approximately weekly for passenger and cargo, calling at Hoihow when inducement offers- BORNEO LINE :—Fortnightly sailings to and from Sandakan by two 5,000 ton steamers S.S. \"HINSANG\" & \"MADSANG \" both steamers having excellent passenger accommodation Cargo taken on through Bills of Lading for Kudat, Jesselton, Labuan, Tawao and Lahad Datu. \n\nTIENTSIN LINE:-A regular service is run from March to Nov. between H'kong & Thentain calling at Weihaiwei & Chefoo, BANGKOK LINE:-A weekly service is provided between Hong \n\nkong and Bangkok, via Swatow, by five steamers fitted with \n\nup-to-date passenger accommodation. \n\nCALCUTTA LINE. S.S.\"Kutsang\" will be despatched on or about Tuesday, † 3rd Oct., at 3 p.m. for SINGAPORE, PENANG & CALCUTTA. \n\nThrough Bills of Lading issued to RANGOON, PORT SWETTENHAM & MADRAS & DUTCH EAST INDIES \n\nFor Freight or Passage apply to: \n\nJARDINE MATHESON & CO., LTD. \n\nTelephone Central No. 815. \n\nGeneral Managers. \n\nC. N. C. \n\nCHINA NAVIGATION CO., LTD. SAILINGS SUBJECT TO ALTERATION \n\nSteamers. \n\nFor SWATOW & BANGKOK ...Kiangsu SHANGHAI & TSINGTAO...Szechuen W’WEI, CHEFOO & T’TSIN Kuzichow [SWATOW & SINGAPORE „Kaying \n\nSHANGHAI & TSINGTAO... Kanchow HAIPHONG \n\n.Chinhua \n\nMO & SHANGHAI ......Suiyang SHANGHAI & гSIN ITAO...Sinkiang \n\nH’HOW. PHOI, H'PHONG. Kalong [SWA POW & BANGKOK ...Chengtu \n\nW WEI, CHEFOO & T’TSIN Huichow \n\nTo Sail. 1st Oct. at 1st Oct. at 1st Oct. at 2nd Oct. a. 3rd Oct. 1 4th Oct. at 5th Oct. at .. 7th Oct. at ..10th Oct. at .,10th Oct. at .10th Oct. at \n\n... \n\nnoon.. 4 p.m. 4 p.ni, 2000. \n\n+ p.m. * 8.11. 4.p.m. \n\n4 p.m. ↑ a.m. \n\nnoon. \n\n4 p.m. \n\nBUTTERFIELD & SWIRE, (John Swire & Sons, Ltd.) \n\nAGENTS. \n\nTelephone Central No. 36. Cargo and baggage can be insured at the above office. \n\nyat arranged is the amount of vessel. One of the details not \n\nthe allowance for passengers carried by Shipping Board freighters. The cost of meals for passengers is above that of rations for the crew, the operators contend, and the adjustment of the rate because of this \n\nis being discussed by Shipping Board officials and the representatives of the companies concerned. There also has been some discussion of a more elastic allowance to provide for adequate payment where rationing necessitates the carrying of food in launches to vessels anchored midstream or in out-of-the-way \n\nplaces. It is understood that the Shipping Board has decided to permit operators to arrange for minor repairs without the specific approval of the board. Minor repairs in this case considered to be all those costing less than $5,000. The bill in each case is subject to checking up by a representative of the Government. Repairing costing more than $5,000 will have to be approved by the division of construction and repair, headed by Commander R. D. Gatewood, before ordered by the operating \n\ncompany \n\nBREAKDOWN OF JOB CONTROL UP\" \n\nTHE COMMONWEALTH LINE, A correspondent writes to the.. Journal of Commerce:--As I \n\nreported in my last letter, rather' than agree to the demands of the Seamen's Union to appoint the \"bo'sun\" of the Largs Bay the Commonwealth Line management, under instructions from the \n\nPremier, ordered the vessel to be \n\nSHANGHAI LINE.—PASSENGERS, MAILS AND CARGO, withdrawn from the sailing schedule and laid up, and further. \n\nExcellent Saloon accommodation smidships. Electric Fans in Saloon and State-rooms. Regular schedule service between Canton, Hongkong and Shanghai (thrice weekly) and Tsingtao (weekly), taking Cargo on through Bills of Lading to all Yangteze. \n\nAustralian ports should also be laid up as and when they arrive, avoiding the inconvenience of transhipment at Woosung. \n\nThis very quickly resulted in a BANGKOK LINE.—Weekly service to and from B'kok via S'tow. \n\npartial climb down of the union. \n\nthough \n\nWilliam \n\nFor Freight or Passage apply. \n\nMorris Hughes is regarded by Labour as one big bluff, unfortunately not. until the Largs Bay had actually been withdrawn and anchored at an Admiralty buoy in Farm Cove, \n\ndays later the union announced that Daley, the bo'sun bone of contention, had resigned, and the matter might be considered as ended. This of course was an ingenious method of saving face, but not enough to satisfy Billy \n\nHaving thrown his chest once, and not had it burst in, he threw it again and called for unconditional surrender of the union, in the form of an undertaking that there should be no further attempts at job control, either on the Largs Bay or on any other vessel of the line \n\nIt has taken a fortnight to get this well home into Tom Walsh's head, and now the undertaking has been given. It may be assumed that job control is now ended, but the situation as regards the private lines is unchanged \n\nNegotiations are, however, proceeding, and will translate in the \n\nLeaves Hongkong \n\nDOUGLAS STEAMSHIP CO. LTD. \n\nfor Australia. \n\n6th Oct. 20th Oct. \n\nHONGKONG & SOUTH CHINA COAST PORTS SERVICE. Regular Service of Fast, High Class Coast Steamers having \n\nShanghai. \n\nThis steamer is fitted with Refrigerating machinery, ensuring good accommodation for First Class Passengers, Electric Light and Fans in state-rooms and Saloon and \n\nBanka, Batavia. a plentiful supply of ice, fresh provisions etc. and has superior Cuisine. \n\nFor Swatow, Amoy and Foochow and Returns. Macassar. S'ban accommodation with Electric Light throughout and Electric Fans in \n\nBilliton, Batavia the State-rooms. A duly qualified Doctor is carried. Reduced Fares. \n\n(Occupying 9 to 10 days.) Cargo booked through to all Australian, New Zealand and Tas- \n\nCaptain. \n\nLeaving. ¦ Haifang... | W. S. Turnbull... TUES. 3rd Oct, at \n\nHaichine... J. S. Thomson ... FRI., Haibong W. C. Paramore | TUE., 19th \n\nThe steamers are all fitted throughout with electric light and have accommodation for a limited number of saloon-passengers All steamers carry a duly qualified surgeon. through rates to all ports in Netherlands-India and Australia. \n\nFor Freight and Passage apply to the \n\nTelephone Central No. 1574. \n\nCargo taken s \n\nJava-China-Japan Lijn. \n\nYork Building.. \n\nPACIFIC MAIL STEAMSHIP CO. \n\nOFFERS \n\nSPECIAL THROUGH FIRST CLASS RATES \n\nHONGKONG TO EUROPE \n\nvia SAN FRANCISCO and NEW YORK \n\nU. S. $120.50 \n\nwhich includes \n\nMINIMUM BERTH TO SAN FRANCISCO FIRST CLASS RAIL ACCOMMODATIONS \n\nSAN FRANCISCO TO NEW YORK \n\nWITH STOPOVER PRIVILEGES, BERTH AND ACCOMMODATIONS ON ANY ATLANTIC OCEAN STEAMER VALUED AT U.S. $49. $205.00 \n\nBUT DOES NOT INCLUDE BERTH AND MEALS ACROSS AMERICAN CONTINENT. \n\nFOR FULL INFORMATION apply to \n\nPACIFIC MAIL STEAMSHIP CO. \n\nManaging Agents. \n\nUNIT D STATES SHIPPING BOARD. \n\nUNION BUILDING, HONGKONG \n\nCable Address \"SOLANO\" Cinton Agents, REISS & CO. \n\nSteamships. \n\n1 p.m. I p.m. 1 p.m. \n\nFor Freight and Passage apply to \n\noth \n\nOct. al Oct. al \n\nTelephone Central No. 36, \n\nButterfield & Swire. (JOHN SWIRE & SON, LTD) Agents. \n\n‡ Calling at Amoy for Passengers only. Arrivals and Departures from the Co's Wharf 'near Blake Pier.) \n\nFor Freight and Passage, apply tō“ \n\n\"ELLERMAN\" LINE, \n\n(Ellerman & Bucknall S. S. Co., Ltd) UNITED KINGDOM & CONTINENT SERVICE. \n\nOUTWARDS. \n\n\"City of Tokio \" \n\n20th Oct. \n\nHOMEWARDS. \n\nS'hai, Kobe & Yokohama. \n\n\"City of Sydney\" 10th Oct. L'don, A'werp, R'da 'n, l'burg, G'gow. PA-SEN ER SERVICE. \n\nMarseilles & London. \n\nCity of Paris' City of York \" \"City of Simla “ \"City of Poona\" \n\nMid. Dec. \n\nFeb. Beg. Mid. March. Mid: April. Subject to change without notice. for further particulars apply to REISS & CO. \n\n14 \n\nCLETON. \n\nTHE BANK LINE, LTD. \n\n(Tel. Central 80). \n\nDouglas Lapraik & Co.. General Managers. \n\nNANYO YUSEN KAISHA. \n\nceeding, and will translate in the \n\nThe South Sea Mail S.S. Co., Ltd.) REGULAR FORTNIGHTLY SERVICE \n\nbetween \n\nJAPAN, HONGKONG & JAVA. \n\nFor Batavia, Samarang & Sourabaya. \n\nS.S. BORNEO MARU Sailing on or about 12th Oct. \n\nFor Moji, Kobe & Yokohama. \n\nS.S. MACASSAR MARU Sailing on or about 10th Ost. \n\nFor further particulars please apply to:- \n\nsame manner without doubt. The success of the Commonwealth \n\nLine is a matter of great importance, because ever since the war labour tactics in this country have been developing almost on the lines of Sovietism. Industry was to be run by and for the benefit of those engaged in it \n\nThe nation was to be regarded \n\nly as the source from which tribute should be paid to Labour, which would decide exactly what should and should not be produced, and how much should be demanded for the production. \n\nX \n\nTel. Central No. 2206. Second Floor, Prince's Building. \n\nK. SUZUKI, Manager. \n\nPEPYS'S CURING WATER. For many years Pepys's curing water, sold at Banner, N London, is to be cleaned and repaired. Samuel Pepys records frequent visits there.. \n\nis \n\nn",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 493619,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922",
        "page_number": 10,
        "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922",
        "content_text": "7\n\ncocaine, heroine and their respective\n\nsalts and of the substances referred to in\n\nArticle 14 of the Convention (Article 16).\n\n(c) Opium-smoking and keeping of\n\nopium dens (Article 17).\n\n(d) Sale of raw or prepared opium\n\n(Article 18).\n\n(e) Illegal import into China in the\n\nform of postal packages as well as the illegal transmission through the post offices from one place in China to another, of opium (raw or prepared) morphine, cocaine, heroine and their respective salts, and of\n\nthe other substances referred to in Article\n\n14 of the Convention (Article 19).\n\n19. What measures have been taken to make it an offence to be in illegal possession of the drugs specified in Article 20\n\nof the Convention?\n\nYou will see that the replies to\n\nthese questions are as follows:-\n\n1. Straits\n\n\"Questions 16 - 19\". No answers\n\nare given to these questions as they do not\n\nappear to concern the Straits Settlements.\" [Note: (It seems most likely that when Home Office get this, they will come back to us as they have in the case of Hong Kong\n\nand North Borneo.\n\nJC\n\nM.O/55821/21\n\nthe replies to questions 1 and 13\n\nsupra\".\n\n17. 18. These questions do\n\nnot concern Hong Kong.\n\n19. Please see answers to\n\nquestions 1, 7, 13 supra.\n\n3. North Borneo\n\n16 (a) No laws or\n\nregulations beyond prohibition of export of opium in any form by Customs and Excise Notification\n\n114 of 1920, which came into force on 6th April 1920. At the same time, previous to this, no export of opium to China has been permitted in the last 10 years, beyond a few parcels of Dross to Hong Kong. See forms IX and X sent in with questionnaire.\n\n(b)\n\n17.\n\nLaw above mentioned\n\nhas been effective.\n\nGov/6795/22\n\n18.\n\nNil.\n\n19.\n\nOpium and Chandu\n\nOrdinance No.31 of 1914, and Cocaine\n\nOrdinance 23 of 1914.\n\n2. Hong Kong.\n\n16. The necessary provisions are\n\nincluded in the two Ordinances mentioned in\n\nthe\n\nGov/3846/21-22",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 497129,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923",
        "page_number": 375,
        "title": "CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923",
        "content_text": "## Annex 2.\n\n## Annex 3.\n\n### IMPORT CERTIFICATE SYSTEM.\n\n#### SITUATION TO DATE (March 16th, 1923).\n\nThe following Governments have stated that they will bring the system into force from the date mentioned in each case:\n\n| Government        | Date                |\n|-------------------|---------------------|\n| Albania           | September 1st, 1922 |\n| Austria           | September 1st, 1922 |\n| Czechoslovakia    | September 1st, 1922 |\n| Denmark           | October 1st, 1922   |\n| Esthonia          | January 1st, 1923   |\n| Great Britain     | September 1st, 1922 |\n| Greece            | September 1st, 1922 |\n| India             | January 1st, 1923   |\n| Italy             | January 1st, 1923   |\n| Japan             | January 1st, 1923   |\n| Latvia            | April 1st, 1923     |\n| Luxemburg         | April 28th, 1922    |\n| Mexico            | No date given, but already in force |\n| New Zealand       | April 1922          |\n| Norway            | No date given, but already in force |\n| Panama            | March 1922          |\n| Poland            | September 1st, 1922 |\n| Siam              | January 1st, 1923   |\n| South Africa      | September 28th, 1921|\n| Spain             | November 1st, 1922  |\n\nThe following Governments have accepted the system but have not, as yet, given any date on which it will be brought into force:\n\n* Australia\n* Bulgaria\n* China\n* Cuba\n* Germany\n* Haiti\n* Hungary\n* Lithuania\n* Netherlands\n* Newfoundland\n* Peru\n* Switzerland\n\n### TOMS CONTROL OF THE IMPORT AND EXPORT OF OPIUM AND OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS.\n\n#### REPORT OF THE SUB-COMMITTEE.\n\nThe Sub-Committee was appointed at the instance of Sir Malcolm Delevingne (5th meeting) and included the following members:\n\n* M. Brenier, Chairman\n* Sir Malcolm Delevingne (Great Britain)\n* Dr. Uchino (Japan)\n* Mr. Neville (United States)\n\nM. Blanco assisted the Sub-Committee, and Mr. Chapman, Customs expert of the League of Nations, drew up a most complete report, which pressure of time entirely prevented the Sub-Committee from examining before the end of the session.\n\nThe primary object was to devise some plan for the drawing up of uniform statistics (as far as possible), so as to prevent the recurrence, to give only one instance, of the enormous discrepancies which the official British and Japanese statistics, when compared, showed as to morphine. It immediately appeared that the problem was not only one of nomenclature and figures and tables translating them, but, fundamentally, a problem of international means of control, raising again the question of the licensing system for exports.\n\nMr. Chapman's very thorough report contains suggestions most of which appear reasonable and effective. But some imply, not only the solution of the fundamental difficulty of a uniform system of licences or permits, but also changes in the actual practice of many countries; for instance, that the export licences should be granted by a central authority in a single bureau, and which will naturally react on the particulars to be given, so as to ensure a strict control. Very useful statistics may also raise some difficulty.\n\nAs the report recalls, the Customs treatment and the systems of trade statistics (were it only as to nomenclature) are exceedingly diverse throughout the world; it does not seem impossible to agree on some uniform method as to recording the movements of opium and dangerous drugs, especially those interested in the trade. But it is certainly necessary that the several Governments should be consulted on this matter.\n\nIt was therefore agreed that the Secretariat should be asked to communicate Mr. Chapman's report to the principal Governments concerned, and, in particular, to those having delegates on the Opium Advisory Committee, so as to have their advice on the subject.\n\nThe Sub-Committee in its first and only sitting agreed on the following essential points:\n\n1. That the imports and exports of the drugs falling under the 1912 Convention should be recorded in a uniform manner;\n2. That the statistics should, among other points, necessarily record at least the following particulars:\n   * (a) the port or country of consignment, care being taken to define the word exactly, \"original\" consignment, as distinguished from the country of immediate, or last, receipt.\n   * (b) the country of final destination.\n3. That particular regard should be had to the question of transhipments, so as to avoid leakage.\n4. That the system of treating and recording all narcotics covered by the Convention as actual imports immediately on landing or on arrival, even if these narcotics are landed into a bonded warehouse, is a measure which tends to remove one of the main causes of discrepancies in international statistics, and permits a better watch being kept on movements of drugs; its adoption by all countries is worthy of serious consideration. The system in question was introduced in Japan as from January 1st, 1921.\n5. As to imports, that the statistics should show clearly whether the drugs were imported:\n   * (a) for internal consumption;\n   * in bond (when released from bond for export, the drugs should be exactly recorded);\n   * for transhipment, transit or re-export.\n\nThe Sub-Committee would like to draw particular attention to the difficulties attending an exact record of postal parcels containing the drugs, which is none the less very necessary, as their nature (of the drugs — not of raw or prepared opium) admits of an enormous traffic by this means. There is also the new difficulty arising from air-transport of these parcels.\n\nPage 369",
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    {
        "id": 497430,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7]",
        "page_number": 116,
        "title": "CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7]",
        "content_text": "# 113\n\n4\n\nThese figures are based upon an estimated average population of 650,000. It is notorious that the Hongkong census figures are much below the actual figures of population, for reasons which it is unnecessary to examine here. The Committee has information regarding the actual population to the following effect:-\n\nThe bulk of the Colony's nightsoil is carried away by a Contractor for purposes of manure for mulberry growing. The successful bidder for the present contract, dating from 1921, worked upon the census figure of 680,000 persons, and allowed for taels 3 in weight of nightsoil per head per day, or a total of some 1275 piculs. He reduced this figure to 1100 piculs because of wastage through water closets and boat population, and he tendered accordingly. The amount of nightsoil now being collected approximates to 2500 piculs or nearly four million taels, which, at taels 3 per head, gives a population of over 1,300,000, without allowing for wastage. The figure arrived at through this somewhat unusual method of census taking is probably very much nearer the mark than the official figure and upon this basis the total consumption of opium comes out again at about half a tael a head.\n\n## 12\nThe Secretary of State for the Colonies justly points out in his despatch of the 13th December that the only persons who need purchase Government opium are those who want a high-grade product and those who prefer to pay a high price rather than risk the penalty for the use of smuggled opium: and this argument holds good in respect of the consumption of any duty-paid article in lieu of its smuggled counterpart. But it does not follow that there is no effective control over the consumption of such article. It is the opinion of the Committee that the control exercised in Hongkong is as effective as is possible in the extraordinarily difficult circumstances. As long as unlimited supplies of opium are available, opium cannot be kept out of the Colony. The Government of Hongkong, realising this fact, has devised a compromise. It sells a good grade of opium at a very high price and it visits with severe penalties all those who are found to be trafficking in or using other opium. There can be no doubt that shortness of purse on the one hand and fear of the consequences on the other do keep consumption very far below the rate which would obtain if Government opium were cheapened or prohibited or penalties were relaxed.\n\n## 13\nThe various proposals for a gradual diminution in the amount of opium legitimately available have been discussed in the preceding paragraphs. It remains to examine the question whether consumption of opium could be reduced, if no further legitimate supplies were available. It has been pointed out in paragraph 9 that the habitual smoker need not be considered, and, if such a step should result in decreased consumption, the Government should go out of business at once.\n\nThe Committee has expressed the opinion that a gradual reduction of legitimate supplies will be counterbalanced by an increase in the use of illicit opium. If the use of opium were to be prohibited, it is probable that the situation would get entirely out of hand. A comparison which suggests itself is the placing of a small foreign Government in Marseilles and the prohibition by it of the drinking of wine by the French within the town: except that opium is much more easily smuggled than wine. Neither the Hongkong Government nor the Council of the League of Nations can prevent indulgence in a practice habitual in a nation of four hundred million people unless that nation desires to give up that indulgence, and unfortunately, there is no present indication that the opium habit will be abandoned by the Chinese people in the near future. It may be mentioned in this connection that the Committee has read with considerable surprise the statements by Mr. Chao Hsin-chu regarding Shanghai, which appear at pages 61 and 65 of the Minutes of the Fifth Session of the Advisory Committee. The information before the Committee is to the effect that enormous quantities of opium go to Shanghai, and the consumption there is very large. The supervision in Shanghai is notoriously far less strict than it is in Hongkong.\n\nIn Canton, the Government has for some time past been selling opium for revenue purposes, and a Monopoly has now been formally established.\n\n## 14\nThe Committee understands that the practice of swallowing opium is spreading amongst the Chinese, a practice which, according to medical evidence, is at least not less harmful than smoking opium. The League of Nations Advisory Committee does not apparently take exception to the swallowing of opium and the hemp drugs, ganja, cheras, and bhang, by Indians in India, and accordingly, if smoking is prohibited in Hongkong, the Government must be prepared to face a demand that swallowing should be permitted according to the practice in India. It is difficult to see how a discrimination in favour of India could be justified.\n\n## 15\nIn paragraphs 4 and 5 of his despatch of the 13th December, the Secretary of State suggests that, if confirmed opium smokers are registered and the use of opium is otherwise prohibited, the British Government will have done everything possible to discharge its obligations under the Opium Convention. The Committee cannot agree with this suggestion. No Government placed as the Hongkong Government is can put a stop to a national habit of an alien race so long as it has not the full support of public opinion, and the continuing of opium to a few smokers, or total prohibition which would be preferable, would result in a flood of smuggling which it would be impossible to stem.\n\nThe difficulties of detection of smuggling are in present circumstances insuperable. Hongkong, with a total area of 376 square miles, has a coast and frontier line of 400 miles over any part of which Chinese may come and go at will. Opium in bulk comes by ocean-going steamer, of which the crew frequently, and sometimes the officers, are in league with the smuggler, and it comes also by launch and by junk. The opium is frequently put overboard outside the harbour limits, having attached to it a float which remains submerged for a given period and then rises to the surface. The Hongkong Government is about to incur heavy expense in providing a new sea-going revenue vessel to operate outside harbour limits. Many Revenue and Police launches operated by the Chinese Government carry on an active trade in contraband and, having a Government status, they are more or less immune from search. One such launch was recently sunk in Hongkong waters, and on examination of the wreck, opium and arms were found in it. Opium is carried in receptacles bolted outside the bottom of a junk, in a hollowed-out spar, in a compartment inside a tin of petrol or a jar of wine, in the leg of a bedstead, in a bag of flour, in a woman's hair, in fact, in every possible place in which the ingenuity of the Chinese can devise means to hide an article the bulk of which is as small as its value is large. The Chinese, who will slice the top from a silver dollar, will hollow out the interior, refill with base metal, and replace the top, would not stumble into such traps as the European might be able to set for him, except by the merest chance. The Government's only efficacious weapon is money, and it is usually worth the smuggler's while to out-bid the Government, and the informer, working on strict business lines, concerns themselves merely with the amount of the inducement, and are indifferent as to its source.\n\n## 16\nIn paragraph 8 of the despatch of the 13th December, it is proposed that the ordinary preventive measures should be supplemented by concentration on the detection of the capitalists who finance the smugglers. The Hongkong Government has for years past been doing its utmost in this direction, with results comparable to the baling of water with a sieve. For many years, large quantities of opium were smuggled into Hongkong from England, where there was no control of export, and, except for occasional seizures, the Hongkong Government was powerless to deal with the matter. Messrs. Alfred Holt and Company presented a memorial to the Imperial Government regarding the constant smuggling in their ships, pointing out that the evil should be attacked at the root. So long as opium can be thus sold wholesale in this country as freely as the most harmless and necessary foods, so long will the joint operation of laxity in the United Kingdom and severity abroad make illicit traffic easy and profitable. When the opium is once divided into small parcels and distributed among numerous carriers, the difficulty of suppression is enormously increased. Messrs. Alfred Holt and Company would therefore urge upon His Majesty's Government the necessity of altering the law, so that the contraband trade may be stopped in the early stages. The Imperial Government subsequently controlled the traffic, and no more opium came to Hongkong from England. Similarly, opium from Persia and China is being poured into Hongkong. In 1923, the Senior Revenue Officer alone captured 716 illicit divan keepers, 3,350 illicit opium smokers, 386 traffickers in illicit opium, and 60 boilers of illicit opium. With opium altogether prohibited, the Hongkong Government would lose the control which it now has, smuggling would become universal, and consumption would be greatly increased. Hongkong would then be in the position of China, with opium smoking theoretically prohibited and practically uncontrolled, because uncontrollable.",
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    {
        "id": 498582,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924",
        "page_number": 253,
        "title": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924",
        "content_text": "250 \n\n**ADMINISTER** \n\nThe High Contracting Parties undertake to prohibit the warehousing, even in the free ports and zones of their territories, of the products referred to in the preceding article of the present Convention, unless they have been warehoused by duly authorised persons. These persons shall be responsible to the Government of the country in which the products are warehoused for any importation of these products into, or exportation from the territory of the said country. \n\nWith this object in view products introduced into the national territory shall be subject to the provisions of Article 5 of the present Convention and products exported shall be subject to the provisions of Article 4. \n\nIn order to ensure the carrying out of the present article it shall be strictly forbidden, on pain of the penalties laid down in Article 7, to store such products in free warehouses. \n\n**ARTICLE 6.** \n\nConsignments sent by international postal packets and packets or parcels sent through the post shall be subject to the same formalities as other consignments. \n\n**ARTICLE 7.** \n\nAny of the substances referred to in Article 14 of the Convention of 1912 and any quantity of raw opium, found in the possession of an unauthorised person may be seized. The possessors of such products shall be liable to imprisonment or to exemplary fines; both these penalties may be awarded in conjunction. The same penalties shall be imposed on persons who, in contravention of the provisions of Articles 3, 4 and 5 of the ...",
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    },
    {
        "id": 498598,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924",
        "page_number": 269,
        "title": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924",
        "content_text": "# \n-12- \n266 \n\nIn this respect, the report by Mr. Chapman, submitted in 1923 to the sub-Committee over which I had the honour of presiding, is a special question which can be solved apart from the rest, and can be utilised profitably.\n\n5.- It will be necessary to come to a special agreement with the international parcel post bureau in Berne on the subject of the circulation and control of parcels post.\n\n6.- It will also be indispensable to provide special regulations for transport by sea, river, canal, land and by air. Special obligations will have to be imposed on transporters (shipping companies, railways, automobile companies and air services).\n\n7.- It will be indispensable to revise any existing international convention on the subject of transit so as to exclude the raw stuffs and drugs covered by the convention except under the guarantees which will have been agreed upon.\n\nBy these measures of simple control but of a total and effective control, if there is added the good faith which must always be supposed in any human enterprise, especially when pecuniary interests and morals are equally involved, and the patience which is necessary, the end we all have in view will certainly be achieved.\n\n(Signed) **HENRI BRENIER**. Geneva, July 12th, 1924.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924.txt",
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