[
    {
        "id": 218163,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "page_number": 36,
        "title": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "content_text": "\nwith regard to Marine . Lots, under a strict observance of the rules specified. \n\nin \n\nmy \n\nand. \n\nletter above adverted. to. \n\nconcurs in. \n\nHis hwcellency fully approves of, your proposal. that the Town Lots heretofore allotted should be. arranged . in classes, and the rent fixed. accordingly. It is quite obvious to the \n\nmost casual - observer, that all lots situated. along the southern. Queen's Road, or in its immediate vivinity, \n\nverge of the \n\nno ascent \n\none \n\nhave \n\nand to which there is either. \n\nat all. \n\nor a \n\nvery gradual. \n\nthe- \n\nhitherto been rated much below their. proper value, whilst others which difficult of approach, and on which. moncy must be expended - (irrespectively of Government laying out the Streets) to remedy that objection, have perhaps recasionally been estimated too high.. \n\nEven \n\n+ \n\nEven in Massing these latter, it ought, however, to be always borne in mind that the outlay of forming, roads, \n\nwell as \n\nkeeping them in \n\nrepair, \n\nas \n\nand. \n\ndraining them, &c., Ve, will, after all, chiefly fall on Government, and should. be carefully looked to in the pending. arrangements. \n\nHis Excellency fully admits the advantage. and propriety of abiding, \n\nfar as may \n\nbe consistent with the \n\nas \n\n\"public interests, by past engagements \n\nand \n\non \n\nthe \n\npromises, and acting liberal principle authorized by his instructions from Her Majesty's Government, he sees no \n\nobjection to Your announcing, that should any \" individual, deem his lot, or lots to be overvalued by your Committe's classification, such lots shall hereafter \n\nbe",
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    },
    {
        "id": 221010,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843",
        "page_number": 605,
        "title": "CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843",
        "content_text": "In reply Save directed to. „communicate to the following \nsobservations. \nyou \nHis Excellency the Governor will be prepared to adopt your recommendation : with regard to Marine Lots, under a strict observance of the rules specified in \nmy \nand \nletter above adverted to. \nconcurs in, \nHis Excellency fully approves of your proposal that the Town Lots heretofore allotted should be arranged in \nin classes and the rent fixed accordingly. It is quite obvious to the most \ncasual observer, that all lots situated \nalong the southern verge of the Queen's \nRoad \nin its immediate vicinity and \nto which there is either \nоча \nbeen \nvery \nno ascent at all. \ngradual one, have hitherto \nken rated much blow their proper value, whilst others which are difficult \nbe \n600 \nof approach and on which money must expended (irrespectively of Government laying out the Streets) to remedy that objection, have perhaps occasionally been estimated too high. Even in classing these latter it ought however to be always home in mind that the outlay of forming \nwell as Keeping \nthem in repair \nroads as well as \nand draining them etc., etc., will, after all, chiefly fall on Government and should be carefully looked to in the pending arrangements. \nat \nHis Excellency fully admits the advantage and propriety of abiding far as may \nbe consistent with the public interests, by past engagements and promises, and acting \non \nthe liberal \nsees \nprinciple authorized by his instructions from Her Majestys Government, he set no objection to your announcing that should \nof \nany",
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    },
    {
        "id": 221104,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843",
        "page_number": 699,
        "title": "CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843",
        "content_text": "Liv\n\nHoughing March 15-184640.\n\nSam directed by His Excellency the Governor in Council to inform you in reply to your letters No. 18 and 19 of the 2nd Instant, that it is deemed advisable that all expenses necessary in the Chinese Department for carrying out the new regulations as regards Boats &c. should be incurred solely by Mr. Gutzlaff and the people and boats who may be employed, or hired, by him.\n\nHis Excellency does not consider that there will be the smallest occasion for another English Clerk. Any duty that may fall on you in consequence of the new Regulations in your capacity of Marine Magistrate is already provided for.\n\nYou are therefore requested to put yourself in communication with Mr. Gutzlaff on these points.\n\nHis Excellency further desires me to intimate to you that he thinks that exclusive of the expense there are serious objections to laying down such a number of Buoys in the Harbour, and that doing so 6 by two or three would be sufficient simply to denote the distance within which Boats shall not approach the shore at night. It is also to be taken into consideration that the chances of the Buoys being stolen or removed will be greatly added to by their being numerous.\n\nI have &c.\n\n(Signed) Richard Caulfield (should be) Richard O. H[ootnam].\n\nNo:101\n\nHowever, to follow the exact format required by the instructions (output only HTML using  for paragraphs and \n only if absolutely necessary, without markdown or code fences), the corrected version should be:\n\nLiv\n\nHoughing March 15-184640.\n\nSam directed by His Excellency the Governor in Council to inform you in reply to your letters No. 18 and 19 of the 2nd Instant, that it is deemed advisable that all expenses necessary in the Chinese Department for carrying out the new regulations as regards Boats &c. should be incurred solely by Mr. Gutzlaff and the people and boats who may be employed, or hired, by him.\n\nHis Excellency does not consider that there will be the smallest occasion for another English Clerk. Any duty that may fall on you in consequence of the new Regulations in your capacity of Marine Magistrate is already provided for.\n\nYou are therefore requested to put yourself in communication with Mr. Gutzlaff on these points.\n\nHis Excellency further desires me to intimate to you that he thinks that exclusive of the expense there are serious objections to laying down such a number of Buoys in the Harbour, and that doing so 6 by two or three would be sufficient simply to denote the distance within which Boats shall not approach the shore at night. It is also to be taken into consideration that the chances of the Buoys being stolen or removed will be greatly added to by their being numerous.\n\nI have &c.\n\n(Signed) Richard Hootnam.\n\nNo:101\n\nLet's correct minor issues and follow the format:\nLiv\n\nHoughing March 15-184640.\n\nSam directed by His Excellency the Governor in Council to inform you in reply to your letters No. 18 and 19 of the 2nd Instant, that it is deemed advisable that all expenses necessary in the Chinese Department for carrying out the new regulations as regards Boats &c. should be incurred solely by Mr. Gutzlaff and the people and boats who may be employed, or hired, by him.\n\nHis Excellency does not consider that there will be the smallest occasion for another English Clerk. Any duty that may fall on you in consequence of the new Regulations in your capacity of Marine Magistrate is already provided for.\n\nYou are therefore requested to put yourself in communication with Mr. Gutzlaff on these points.\n\nHis Excellency further desires me to intimate to you that he thinks that exclusive of the expense there are serious objections to laying down such a number of Buoys in the Harbour, and that doing so by two or three would be sufficient simply to denote the distance within which Boats shall not approach the shore at night. It is also to be taken into consideration that the chances of the Buoys being stolen or removed will be greatly added to by their being numerous.\n\nI have &c.\n\n(Signed) Richard Hootnam.\n\nNo:101",
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    {
        "id": 223276,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-016 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [1-6]",
        "page_number": 238,
        "title": "CO129-016 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [1-6]",
        "content_text": "150\n\nHONG KONG.\n\nEncl. in No. 38.\n\nREPORTS EXHIBITING THE PAST AND PRESENT\n\nEnclosure in No. 38.\n\nREMARKS upon the present state of NATIVE TRADE with the Colony of HONG-KONG. THE obstacles which our commercial intercourse with China has to encounter ought to be pointed out, to effect in some measure the removal.\n\n1. From 1839 until now, there has been piracy along the whole coast; and, though the outlaws remained at times quiet, they very soon appeared again, to strike terror in the peaceful merchant junks. This evil does not merely exist in the neighbourhood of Canton, but extends as far as Teintsin, and is most fearful on the coast of Fokien.\n\nThe principal entrances to Hong-Kong are through narrow passages, where the ruffians can lie in wait, and pounce upon their victims with great rapidity. They have at Victoria their spies, who give them correct information about every vessel that has a valuable cargo on board, and the moment she leaves, these boats prowl about to lay hold of her, and plunder her entirely. The pirates themselves come mostly from the neighbourhood of Whampoa; some cruise about in fishing-smacks of a peculiar build, so as to outsail other craft; but most of them are long rowing crafts, and several carry a letter of marque. It is very difficult to distinguish them from ordinary vessels; and when pursued, they adopt many stratagems to prevent their discovery, and generally know well to manage so as to elude the arm of justice.\n\nThe traders that come from the adjacent islands—from Canton, Tungkwan, &c.—have compounded with the buccaneers, paying them a certain sum as black mail, for which they obtain liberty to navigate the seas without molestation; but the eastern passage, towards Ly-yu-moon, is at present very much infested by these depredators. They are there also more numerous than amongst the islands, and do very much mischief. The trading junks dare not leave this harbour, unless they have a strong breeze, and can depart in a large squadron. Many, therefore, are here detained a considerable time, and are ultimately, after all precautions, nevertheless plundered. Such occurrences have, during the present month, been very numerous; whilst in some of the previous ones no similar losses took place.\n\nWe need not observe that our trade, on account of this insecurity, is much curtailed. Vessels that used to come from Kityeo and Haeyeo, and took full cargoes in this harbour, often amounting to 30-40,000 dollars in value, have suffered so repeatedly as almost to drive them away entirely; and where there were formerly three or five, we have now only one.\n\nThis evil is very inveterate, and it is difficult to suggest an effective remedy which would put a stop to it, and the more so as the Chinese government will not avail itself of our co-operation. Could one believe the sufferers when they pointed out their assailants, or discover, with sufficient proofs for conviction, their haunts, the matter would be very easy; long before, however, any force can arrive, they are gone, and there are so many harbours and hiding-places for these robbers, that it would require much local knowledge and good information to apprehend them. But as the Chinese government, on account of possessing better means for obtaining knowledge of the perpetrators, is perfectly competent to bring them to condign punishment, the constant recurrence of piracy, if duly reported to the supreme government, and the most urgent and often-reiterated requests, to put these nefarious wretches down with high hand, might rouse it from its slumbers and indifference. Some vessels of ours, fitted out in the Chinese way, might cruise about at the Kapsing and Ly-yu-moon with great advantage.\n\n2. The supplementary treaty, which stipulated that junks should only clear out from the harbours open to our trade, has fortunately not been carried into force. However, the very fact that four emporia, besides Canton, are accessible to our traders, with the many intermediate stations on the coast, makes it extremely easy for junks to go to the nearest spot, and buy there nearly as cheap as the article can be sold at Canton, without risk of shipwreck or pirates, and with a speedy return of their capital. To attract, therefore, the junk trade to Hong-Kong is beyond the range of possibility, and neither regulations nor orders could effect this; so long as the other ports are open, and the British merchant can ship whatever he pleases, and go to the market which will answer his expectations best. The trade reasonably to be expected is a transit one, by vessels that wish to go to any of the northern and southern ports, and touch here on their way.\n\n3. A more formidable obstacle is, that Chinese imports, in considerable quantity, are seldom saleable at Hong Kong. Teas were at first brought here in lots of 100 to 600 chests by sea-going junks.\n\nBut there is not a single instance on record that it could be disposed of to any advantage; on the contrary, it has entailed, in all cases, a heavy loss, and it has been given over to the shopkeepers, to get rid of it as they best could. The last adventure of this description was a cargo from the Bohea Hills, in a British vessel, which arrived from Amoy. This speculation ended still more tragically. Not only had the article to be sold by auction at a very reduced rate, under prime cost, but the parties got themselves into a lawsuit, and were involved in irretrievable difficulties, so that the whole ended in ruin. The reason given for the unfortunate issue of similar enterprises is, that the teas are not suited to our markets, and that our own merchants, having given their order to the various agents in the ports, care not for making additional and trifling purchases. Another article brought by junks is alum, which is occasionally saleable; but the greater part cannot be disposed of at Hong-Kong, and goes either to Canton or even to Macao.\n\nCamphor fetches sometimes a fair price, but many vessels that bring their cargoes here find no purchasers.\n\nThese are the staple goods, for the disposal of which no encouragement has yet been given, and the commerce on that account is very languid.\n\nSTATE OF HER MAJESTY'S COLONIAL POSSESSIONS. 151\n\nAttempts have been made to introduce sulphur, rhubarb, coarse china, earthenware, and other items; but the demand was not of such nature as to make the speculators desirous to revisit our ports. Where imports, however, find no customer, exports cannot be expected to be much coveted as long as bullion alone will purchase them.\n\n4. The whole Chinese marine commerce appears to approach a great crisis. The keenest Chinese merchants are convinced that our ships can carry goods cheaper and safer than their junks, and that merchandise of any value is better put on board of them. This will throw the carrying trade of the dearest articles into our hands, and most goods will be brought up from the Indian Archipelago in British bottoms on Chinese account, and proceed directly to the ports of their destination without touching here or elsewhere. We might have had otherwise a considerable emporium here for the Straits produce, but this change has prevented it.\n\nA few junks that touched at Victoria to buy these articles were obliged to proceed to other ports to get a cargo, whilst others that wished to collect the exports for the Archipelago, could not find a sufficient quantity on the spot, and had to send to Canton to purchase them.\n\n4. As a great drawback upon our commercial prosperity, we may mention the absence of respectable Chinese firms, and especially of Chin Cheu merchants. Up to the present moment no man possessing a considerable property has ventured to engage in the Hong-Kong trade, or to establish a house on the island. To the repeated questions put to men of substance why they did not carry on their business under a free government, with full protection of their property, the answer has always been, that it was more advantageous at Canton, or other large cities, and would not answer at Hong-Kong. We must, certainly, make some allowance for the colony being still in a state of infancy, but yet the living in the same settlement with the large English houses, and the having nothing to fear from the rapacity of the mandarins, ought to be a great inducement for large Chinese merchants to come and reside at Victoria. After all the endeavours to fix a colony of Chin Cheu merchants in our possessions, men who are the soul of the whole commerce in the Indian Archipelago, matters remain as they were before. The privileges assigned to them by the government, and the facilities afforded, have not made them willing to repair to this place; and yet in our Straits colonies they come of their own accord, and are only too happy to amass wealth under the British flag which does not allow extortions. Even at Macao, there have been for many years back three very respectable houses, the managing members of which came over to Hong Kong to ascertain whether they could not here do some business and establish a branch or remove entirely. But, after long investigation, they gave up the idea. There appears to exist a fear of laying out money without a moral certainty of the returns, and as the trade has first to be created, there is no prospect yet of securing a large profit.\n\nWith all its disadvantages, Hong-Kong possesses likewise great facilities. Though situated in a corner of the empire, many junks, on their passage to the various southern ports, pass here. Auctions being of frequent occurrence, many articles are sold at a far reduced rate from what they would fetch in other places; and there are a number of small dealers who constantly speculate in such transactions, and sell a great deal to these vessels. Thus there has existed for a long while a small trade as far as single sales are concerned, but a large one when the whole is summed up, without even the knowledge of our own merchants, and beneath the notice of our great houses. This is still carried on with great spirit, and should the centage on auctions be taken off would likely grow more brisk. Long before a junk from Canton, on her way up to the northern ports arrives here, orders are given to brokers to attend the sales and provide the cargo, and there is always a probability that the purchases will be cheaper than at Canton. The boats which come from the neighbouring cities do likewise much business in this way, and frequently invest the returns of the goods sold at this place in manufactures thus obtained.\n\nThe salt trade is the most flourishing of all the branches, and entirely in the hands of the natives.\n\nThe people that bring it hither come from Taechoo, Haehong, and Tamshuy, in the neighbourhood of which places there are extensive flats, often overflowed by the sea, and useless for all other purposes, except to collect in pans the salt, by the evaporation of the brine, which has been left. As it is, when boiled, much cheaper than the salt produced in the interior, and, moreover, not subject to the gabelle, it finds at Hong-Kong a ready sale, for salting fish and for taking it illegally up to Canton.\n\nNext to it the stone trade is deserving our attention. The only produce of Hong-Kong, for exportation, is granite, and, though a very contemptible article, still it employs many hands, a great number of boats, each about 70 to 100 tons, and some capital. There are seldom less than a hundred of the above craft which monthly leave this with a full cargo for the interior; and it is considered a profitable trade, because stone blocks are constantly in demand, and will always fetch a good price in proportion as buildings are in course of erection.\n\nThe fisheries carried on from Aberdeen and Stanley are in a flourishing condition, and consequently, also, the trade in salt fish, which the mass of the people use generally for seasoning their rice. How many smacks belong to these places has never been ascertained; but at New Year, when they make up the accounts with their partners and owners, the harbours are full of them. It would be well to inquire into the tonnage, and issue regular passes to these boats.\n\nFor some months past small vessels have been clearing out for Haenam, Teen-pak, and the west coast of Kwang Tong province in general. They take a good quantity of raw cotton, and, likewise, opium, and carry on a thriving commerce.\n\nThe junks that pass the harbour come principally from Teocheo and Hachong districts in Kwang Tung, and from Chic-po and Chaongan in Fokien.\n\n234\n\nHONG-KONG,",
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    {
        "id": 229566,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-031 - Public Offices - 1849",
        "page_number": 66,
        "title": "CO129-031 - Public Offices - 1849",
        "content_text": "Age \n\nherself and infant daughter, were \n\ncalamity Entirely \n\ncut off. \n\nThat the said \"ticias smithers the month of January \n\nhundred and forty a proportion \n\nlowa \n\ndy creating \n\n\" \n\nby this \n\nfree \n\nof his to a \n\nprusion pond and the one mouth swore if such proportion been, paid fin cases. \n\nof his saing disabled (your) beheres that her late husband would have been entitled to a pension during \n\nthe remainder of his life. \n\n\"That it has \n\nbeen \n\na \n\npetitione. \n\nto your Majesty's governmento always willing to take into consideration \n\nand render assistance to the survivors of \n\npersons killed in their device and a lit Ke.. \n\nwill be found on reference to the Police. Reports that such was the case in to the said Thomas smithers \n\nYour Petitioner therefore humbly \n\nprays that she \n\nVOL. I. No. 9. \n\nChina \n\nOverland \n\nHONGKONG, THURSDAY, 28 \n\nDiplomatic Department. \n\nGOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION. Ilis Excellency For Majesty's Plenipotentiary and Chief Superintendrut of Trade, de, &., is pleased to direct that the following Notification, issued by 1ler Britannic Majesty's Consul at Shanglane, be published for the general information of British subjects in China, \n\nBy Order, \n\nA. R. JOHNSTON, \n\nVictoria, Hongkong, 30th August, 1848. \n\nBRITISH CONSULATE ORPION, SHANGHAE, \n\n12th August, 1848. \n\nNOTIFICATION. \n\nA Boats \n\nBoots \n\nHis Excellency the Officiating Tapu-tai having communicated his intention of sending certain naval vessels, enumerated in the margin, to cruise about in the neighbourhood- hood of Gutzia Island in search of Pirates, and for the protection of the native shipping, it is hereby made known that the above specified fleet is duly commissioned by the Chinese Authorities for the service on which it is \n\n5 Sin all da. to. employed, and that each vessel carries a distinguishing Flag of White with \n\n4 Canton Lurokas. a Red border, and is provided with: a Written Authority of Commission. \n\nRUTHERFORD ALCOCK, \n\nConsul. \n\nTo the British Subjects within the Consular Jurisdiction of Shaughae. \n\nbe allowed \n\nDiplomatic Department. \n\nGOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION. \n\nmay some small pension \n\nhave some resistance rend to enable her to \n\nsupport \n\n4 \n\nherself and daughter a present left intirely unprovided for. \n\nAnd your petition to \n\nEver pray te. \n\nIn the accompanying paper will be found of the death of the late Thomas Smithers. \n\nlue steered for. \n\nfoot a low water.\" \n\nMail. \n\nSEPTEMBER, 1848. \n\n64 \n\nPRICE $4 PER ANNUM. \n\nand consult with \"turespon ordinary were givun to \n\nnow reaved in griply a petition, fwa Chu-kwa-yu sad the other Buty thongs, stating that they have maturely calmulated on the plan of raising a contibution; from Tire sawdx \n\njunk and me who hire \n\nKerred on the amounts to bu caminabeud with, of they prosout actalls, qui they rogues i orders tabagiven \n\ndhuli \n\n*ximating \n\nof Nether \n\nSix months ago (April 6) we noticed u enost ni reeing so many armed foreigners, \n\nsonrilat Dr Bettelheim, Hermiastonney, deserted their houses and made off towards subject, ad obedies or to our wounds we have had been murdered in Ben-choo in Sep- the hills, bus six or seven of theta were \n\nWe ther, considered overtaken and enrried to Nagpa, tomber proceding. the information as being too ragus to he Ita for tre Chinese authorities, who of mothers woning the freigla aipuris bott relied on; and are glad to learn that,course do not participate in the ignorance insight, from cutributions that they have ublicly after a voor's interval letters have been of the common people in confoundling all received from the reverend gentleman, foreigners together as fuglishren, to call for the contribution to air. Thi dated Napcking, Loo-choo, August 27, Père Danicourt to account for such tawar- \n\nen beide 0115 on \n\nkat the connu 1848. He says his puissionary Inbours antable proceelings, and to convince hier ersal re safe and stable is count; and the sail enchants, in Cam conling actively forward to make a are still regarded with jealousy'; but he that though the Edict of Toleration gives sacritice for the rafie gedara perked of meaty, an seems to be subjected to no pergcution.aim and others liberty to preach ad praeghy of conteonation and es.ec. Beside e cetition) w S this procla alase in the hurdlerances to his freedom of time their religion at any of the open puris, hagis e almu to the Futy Hings for their alar utation, giving dish or orders is the junk-and Jocomotion. His wife writes that the it lone not authorize them to make hostilemon. The 19th Any of the present tooth ed goromument has compelled the restoration invos, nor constitute them proctectors of as the dude fan which the cations for aid wid leg to be levied en exportacio of souther Goods of soms property which had been stolen natin converts in the interior, against the Let there be net die least opportun er trepediment from lain. \n\noperation of their own laws doctrine gre. A careat and special proclamacion. Obc which we have been not a little surprized to hear defended. \n\nWe are enabled to state the following ticulara respecting the affairs af D. Rustomjce & Co. of Cantou ;--- \n\npar. \n\nM. \n\nplying \n\nORY FA ANCIENS TO DX DOSYAM TED. \n\nCn Chinaen Cottons, plau, 234 dj vá, and \n\nYes Clock, \n\nOf Paro Danicourt himself we have not \n\nCourse Grace Modlig \n\nJis (Cafe Cotto \n\nForeign Lung Colon, \n\nRay Coto, uoleened, \n\ninfertor Fort, \n\n| before heart; but judging from the present Meerwanjee Jeejeebhoy, a partner in case, we infer that the appropriateness of the hons, hearing in Bombay at the failure the title he bears rests upon his being,— of Dadabhoy Rustomjee, hastily started !for China to investigate the affaire of the firm, and to protect the interests of the creditors. Upon his arrival he found \n\nOf that stabburn craw \n\nOf errail knights, whom all men grant \n\nTo be the tenc Cinch Milltant; Such as do build their faith upon \n\nThe July text of pike and gsi ; \n\nAnd pave their doctrine orthodox \n\nBy apestolic blows and knocka, \n\nWe also extract from the Friend of \n\nI \n\n13ch cleaned, \n\noh gluing Boston, \n\n10. \n\nElo \n\nWhite Lead, \n\nColuared Paper \n\nFlowed and Note Paper, \n\nStuchsen, de 1,5, &areen du. ), Tellur \n\nTay Sugar, Potidean, White so \n\n11. \n\nDi \n\nSugar Candy \n\nሱ \n\nKwangbang, dan, \n\nGreat Glager, \n\nTony Chry Sucks, \n\nCents. \n\n\"1\" \n\nPicen 2 \n\n· Dale \n\nWhico. \n\nPcular de \n\nFlowers and Flant Fellow (Sen bed) Tez, \n\nMetropolitan Gods. \n\nBlack Treppe \n\nBlack and Gruen, du.. \n\nBarn Wood, \n\nBesides to abors, there are other misellaneous zuids \n\nun them may be infeed from claccounts in the bay \n\n- \n\nTAIFOONG. \n\nGREAT PESTROMSON OF LIFE AND PROVERTY \n\nOx Thursday night, (21st August,) this part of the coast of China was visited by a storm, of which a contemporary says, \"though much low has vçe currell, it did not in strength amount to a bi- foong\" hat witch, from the disastrous accounts arriving from all quartere, appears to us to have been one of us! severity. \n\nThe following Extract of a letter from Mr Vice-Consul Robertson to Rutherford matters in such a state as to induce him! Alcock, Esquire, British Consul at Shanghae, reporting the restoration of Land-marks mediately to call a reeting of the crodi to the anchorage of Woesung, which had been swept away during the late Typhoon, ore, to whom he explained how he was eir- and furnishing Directions for the guidanes of Ship Masters entering the Wersungsted and proposal to place biz affas Mu Consul Alcocl: has issued the follow- in the hands of Trustees. To this theying Notification respecting the duties pay- River, is published for genarni Information— \n\nagreed, but afterwards, finding every thing able on Sagar api other Chinese produce on which these Poles are erected being about 16 feet aoove the level of the river: There is an old declined to net, and one of the creditors, and the open ports of China. \n\nTwo doen Poles, in buight fit feet, the baskets on then 30 feet from the ground the Battery in great confusion, the gentlemen named shipped in British vessels from Hongkong TYte bet Ecu (2, \n\nThrer Toles in triangle, at low water mark fifty feet in height; a board painted red with a Byramjee Couverjes Bbuhs, ontneed white hall in the centre, ist lost squere, being fixed thereon, at 51 feef from the ground. \n\nThe directions for guter he Wosung Reserate as follows:-In sighting flue Line of Battery Moorwananjeebecently received letters Shangae's Flamation regarding ship-sokware, Hib year, 711, th, 7th: stay. (th \n\nan action before the Supreme Court. Mr China a tunelution of the Toutes of which can be all noted bui the and Joss Poles et Pennsben, a white-washed mark in the wall with single Pole and small board from his friends in Bombay, Sondering him men by Chinese on British bottonis, August, 184) wül be seen. Keep Paoushan Pageda (a small contend-shaped roof of a Temple, very low, and but little seen above the trees) to the right of lege marks, until the Board on the iriangir just created relatanecan certain torus, which warranted wherein the right claimed by Sir John in a line with and between the two Jiss Poles, which it will be, bearing S. 70 W, when they may luna iu proposing a settlement with bis Davis is recognized, which had been pre- \n\nereditors, by which it was contemplated to viously resisted by the local unthorities. In the event of i working breeze, the Board in line with the Northernst Joss Pule will pay up the whole debt within three years, \n\nCorrespondence with Kering in China Hell No pear the N. W. end of the host on the East side, and the hourd in line with the Southern Jusu Pole will clear the Eastern edge of the beak on the Weat side, of the Chennai, giving 13 and 16 tiine being allowed him to communicate, Septenter, 1847 and Proclamation of Tu \n\nthe Marino Magtérate of amoy, No 01, April 1. farther with his father, who he thought \n\nNOTIFICATION. would assist him; and by whom securities By Order, \n\nBelfie C, 1848. In Bonsbay would be found for the All-i \n\nSTANCE, 15/A Seploraber, 3 ment of his agreement. To this they with F. E. the Tocutae respecting the Duties to H. M. Consul having been a correspondence al needed, scop pho Parsue above are on Suge des Chinees produes mentioned, who would listen to nothing brought into port by British Ships, the con lon Rifles, 077,—Total 1428: (fe0ficers but obtained a decree in his favour. On Celominee dat Sugar arriving from Amay or being 82 Native Officers 10; Non-coa-bia one of the other creditors Mirow Mrter of the onstar Pets, with Certificate of missioned Officers, Drummers, and Buglera Meerwanice into the Insolvent Debtor's Day prid, shall be exempt from furder payment Priann, when he petitioned the Judge, from Hongkong or any Foreign Part, or from \n\nof Baty of suel, produce, and that Sugar bianght 201.) \n\nby whom a special court was held on the way Consular Pert in Cina, wins Certificate ul 18th instant, when Meerwanjee waa al-Duty, shell in that case pay the Duty fixed in the tilt hall-past 2, when the hardcage was at its losed to like his petition, and afterwards Tariff, namely, a per sent ad velurem, as an height-e barneler being so los as £8.99. \n\nun+h/1;tte'li[ a tieje the Imports. released on the security of Mr Joseph Jar- \n\nFortunately the China houts for the alarm carly, Noties is hereby given, therefore, to consignees and made for the sheltered erucks on the Coulom dine and Mr Crawford Kerr. The aire \n\nside; but even there they seem to have suffered and others who may have given guarantees for the are Dow placed inthe hands of Mr Cey payment of Day on the Sugar recently brought | avverely, as a anumber of sell qud cargo boats were 04cial Administrator of Insolvent Estates. inte Port, that the said Duty of 6 per cent is pay-driven on shore, and many of their consiliorked. able through the New Custom-leuse, and it is A few large juuks and a loveli vemomed at anchor gested that the open accounts of the several off the Lower Bazaar, all of which were destroyer sips may be sivsed. \n\nduring the night. Of her which came ou share opposite Urcitar liblings about midnight, the extway with the exception of three un furry men, were lande:l in safty. \n\nVictoria, Hongkong, 27th September. 1348. \n\nOverlang China Mail. \n\nHONGKONG, THURSDAY, 9870 SEPTEN \n\nMIRTIE-A! Vistoria, Hongkong on the pich foste the wife of She Rev. Mr Jesrixe, of a Bon. \n\nBIRTH-AL West Point, Viotoria, on the 12th inst Mrs Ecart, of a Daughter, \n\nBIRTH-AC Yame, on the 31st uldme, the wife of D. J. MARCOWAN, H. D., of a Daughter \n\nMARRIAGE. On the 8th of June, at St Mary's, Bay- ensione atuare, London, by the Rev. J. I. Únores. Recto, Major Sampra Rarvogn, of the 31 ara Artery, to CA, third Daughter of Joseph Hee, Esq., X.P. \n\nHEATH-AWiraganatum, ou the 27th Jylg, Quarter Master Bergeat Tin Cankar, of the 26 Kogistens, KINK. \n\nPRATER-Drowned off the Typs near Macao, in fuc taitoony of the 1st utino, Mr J&S MACHTAGAY, Jate et Victoria; and Mr EDWARD 12s, formerly 1 mote of the Robroner Exload, Queens, \n\nDEATH-Drowned at the spa, near Macao, in the taimung of the 3:81 ultimo, Capron Pass of the Dti- \n\nBurp C DEATH-Drewood at Campstogusnor, in the taalborg of the 31s ulim, Captait, HATE and the Chief Sinto of the eiving Hip frabel linens, \n\nTEAT IM Browned, with his only fun, at Clean \n\nehow Bay, to the womward of langkong, 10 the tattoora of the 21st uitime, Mr Tumas Sms, Inspeter of The Hongkong Puiloc. \n\nLIK, lure of the P. & D. 8. N. Cu's Foestring Ship Fort BEATHA Sugaros, on the 34 lost, Cagl. Thas \n\nDEATH-AL Shangliae, on the til, fuslant. Mr i \n\nAt b \n\nt Daughter of the Way. Ur Legge. \n\non the 19th, inst, Ligatellani \n\nF. Beques, of H. M. Stramuralesa. \n\nArt:lery. \n\nA. R. JOHNSTON. \n\nPer \n\nVIDEO \n\nSepz.: Sept | Sent t \n\nPre \n\n& 10 8 \n\n40 \n\nX \n\nSappers and Minora. with erent...... \n\n13 110 170 112 100 27:36 81: 1.0 Ceylon Rides,..... 101 3083 20 00 70 551 \n\nH \n\n| 294 300 203 | 102: 180 181 \n\nI want, the late Dieutenant-Governor of 1.wangtung, has been saannaed to Court, ostensibly to receive office, but in reality. it is armise, to give his opinion of the Present state of foreign affaiss. The sub stance of the recent news from Entopo has been forwarded to the Emperer, and the \n\nevents are yo extraordinary, that even the \n\nRUTHERFORD ALCOCK, \n\nL'onsul. \n\naddition to the instances formerly given of outrages committed by the crews of co- Yeys on the cost the following parti- culars lure reached ns:-- \n\nOn the afternoon of the 20th of Augustin, eling that Chinses bicely who ship \n\nan affray took plaen at Ningpo between some Purtagnese sailors and the Chinese, in which two of the latter were killed and \n\nAs all for \n\nothers severely wounded. \n\n(From the Friend of Chlua, September 10.) \n\nPara eodle chuti pus Patice weuring to the Course Fury for Foreign Nationa \n\nWoo, Offolatione Taoutro of Shanghan, ke.. ka, hereby issues İne commands, Ús tho 17th bustani, 1 received \n\nIn Bosnkosa, enely in the furencoon the fall in the aromate attractul atientin, and the Aa- sistant Harbourmaster went wound the shipping, warmed there of what might be expecte.l. \n\nBut little fate spents to have been entertained till the approach of uning, when the sign The Barometer indicates bad weathes\" was seen tying at the Ang-staff in wont at Yalder's bill. \n\nFronts Ge the wind gradually oversed, \n\nIn the morning the Colony exhibited a mest melaretely appearance. In the harbour several vessels disanostel, others on shore, and the whole beach strewed with the wrrels of t hänesu juoking in the hs of which dead bodies were occasi ally seen Boating; while on store, every house \n\ndespatch from the Provincial Govoruer un rich \n\npay Duties so the New Custom-house, and the Chinasa at the Kiang-hae (Out) Cust-19: grofere I now hotels as flows find that the foreign expred to the stin suffered more me less,tiles \n\nsive distinct and intelligible polers, and on the receipt \n\n\"Foreign in \n\ntorn from the roots walla ievelled verandaha blown to pieces--21:1 wherever a gazolen plot fer- \n\nas been reused to inquire farther into their by the inhabitats, the friends of the de- customary apathy of las Celestial Majesty igners are there looked upon as English nature, of which no Chinese is better in-cased crowded round the British Consulated this dismic jou wil bsan a Fencianuncios in le- merly existed, the pla da napi bults were either DEATH-A Viatorin, or the auth Inst., ASHE MURRAY formed than Hwang. It's ideas on the to end the Comente assistance in appre disa that hernatter whru either broken sort off, ur fave up by the rocks \n\nhanés import Suwar or other! resocha i R hanghao, auca vels aro \n\nThe smesed table, shewing the state of the subcut may not be very comprehensive bending the wurderers; but though this \n\nBarometer declagg a night, bes been in the catiulation of European politicians, request was backed by the authoritics, and always to be regarded as determining the butted to be \n\nby the mastors of other Lorebas (ton erecced to a New Clest in-hou \n\ndnud if goods are imported by a really lovelen furnished by the Harbour-mator -- but key are certain to be marked by \n\nBer. Tras. the New Tartif thever Chinese pod shou Pasaksuvas por ACHILLES, 1 ] tamerrow, the prudence and good senac, ou gready in twelve in emberi then in the river. Manchorage, sad my Ducs der specias partest \n\nSullivan very properly declined to intor dare to pycało, with the prospect of escaping the heavy, 29 Justanter Kentang Dapsain. Beste advance of other imperial councillors. \n\nand availing of the light Duty, then the gonds will be Iwan was Keving's most trusted na fere in the marier fartier tlun by advising! goufianater to Beverinent, aut fi re benefit of at Sept, \n\nthat the neensed should be handed over to | Lie Customos rechte, \n\nbe pus coring that in ball b viser, es on after he was deprived of office the District Magistrate, who, after exauti exnutter thesoby You will at the sate line whic 20 and the Imperial Commissioner neveration, might send them to Mateo for alt i lini Ceiling sinis, Frouded, Defiled gaged in foreign adThis withent comentting \n\nFor SMarsden, Han Alures. For vez. Mesurs 1 . 51005, and in Per Singapore, Mess C. Plac, 3acker trou, au Chinese, \n\nWe are luppy to be enabled to report a \n\nfalse rutes, ad that a punishment \n\ngreat improvement in the health of the him. The office is now entrusted to a main by their own authorities; and this advice insearing (1) the Engli \n\nof auch inferior qualifications, that Keying acted on \n\nprobly see the necessity of having wang's counsel and cooperation iu raio- once to opening the City of Canton April next. \n\nwith.\" On recript of the the \n\n1 Conanl to request his Doperation, now alno, na izolaca \n\nclosely and Intolligibly, addruseling this Proois- The other caso, in which Père F. X. Ta-ation to the Chinese ineteats and to the Duly fengy nicourt, the Apustulie Missionary of Ning-fer of it for a fer the due to simp \n\npondnet your royarske, \n\ne perangaurdă contevin vit, giving pe, figured us principal, took place on the cause of or youtuston; and should Chinese 13th of Auguet, chout forty miles from Eing the protune of the tuner and put intock \n\nMercitants in Foreign vesels to carry Rugated bae, the capital of Chusan. It appears Shangliae, ar shoud Chincs pensle import any sort of that some native Roman Catholic eonverts \n\ntroops during the present mouth. In Juue, le douths were 10. in July 37, in August 16, white in September they have fallen 14, the number of sick in Hospital being 57. Since August the whole of the \n\nRegiment has been quarter on Sou, the new Governor General, who baril ships in the harbour, with the bap-now holds the appointment for the who had an interest in one of the temples, \n\nnagement of Barbarian Affairs, lately ro- \n\nmile whatever in Fercigu val. In alch Duy will be levied according to the Fow Tarif. Tling whc. destinately digobay, will gave their goods gondsgated \n\nand \n\nseld for sig benent of the Craton TOWELS \n\nali ovoru:dy obcy this, Cherish a hopes of \n\nevash, and \n\nnd thereby involve yourselves hi a ligny vei \n\nTucukwany, 28th year, 7th mouth, 24tle dag, \n\nCarefrak ngainst Ptrates. Wow, Oficiating Tanning of Shongban, &o., &c., heto by kee a procianin \n\n1sthet romanda The \n\nChee-hich of this face having represented to in that \n\nidly \n\n31st Auz. 10 \n\n.. \n\n3. NE \n\nheavy pas \n\n11 \n\n90.24 N.IS. \n\nJ \n\n+3 \n\nugly weader \n\n1 \n\n1. 20 in M.K \n\nW****. \n\nA M $3.5M \n\nInscriure \n\n9. \n\n\" \n\nH. by X \n\n- \n\n2.45 \n\n2 \n\n$12 \n\n13 \n\n21 \n\n:: \n\n| \n\nн \n\n4 \n\n. \n\n29ki \n\nJE. \n\nJa \n\n5 \n\n11 \n\n59 15 \n\nBy Soperaterra's. \n\n5,3). 24.37 \n\n8 May \n\n20.45 \n\nور \n\nE by N. \n\nጉ \n\nF. Nahig, heavy p008 \n\nkarang graffiat Times wavy pu \n\nSWly der:n \n\nThe following is an enumeration of the disaster which bufet dis Shipping, so far no we have been able to asuintain themi \n\nThe Beberg dyrk. W shirat Cizruin Floodinga; halla since been got off well legtle damage, ex- cupt the lowa offre and gratuara \n\nTho American brig Charles ilirpants, 5, eamq'ato wreek at die Boa Bay! Sturent stuce andò iz pullar angʻim. \n\nThe Metal banque tingui Sarant, en cone sul Green Lane, Sligh: hopes tersall entertained of wring the samel. The British iron bangue Jean kan, anded foul of the Eliza Ferunt, and trus baiyaenoda real folosites. \n\nThe British skip Milan Mont. Load with Sugar Live Shanglore, word avente in the pst in sety; hd the Join Laiva sivil) at down upon her, and seller against the De Heranecone, by which śe was nu merupin injurce dead sile has had to alerte her entge \n\nMurchants Wand-ying-sking and others, in which they The Spanish his Do (ferencias, Ici uusin tujuan, how statest stywe care for more receivals, ad fee-copatust \n\nnedors \n\nof the junk Thatch ship Kin form, wrecked on que our end of \n\nthe expenses of car ride to assist le defraying \n\ntato Ave ser afsendt tuse, the date the istuin, elvas to the village et Makers, this trees of her \n\npectively by the tire mondi Pun, Lah, Sony, Hon, Taj, i grew seven- \n\nPat efforts. Great part of the convit \n\nents are now fit for duty. Of the 14 oled anal officer at 1leang-shan were desirous of turning it into a Catholic teks during the month two only have for promotion, but his request, en account Clupei, in opposition to the majority of \n\nalty Aurmont and special Protiaanation. whom it belengel. From cd within the last ten days. \n\nthe pervous to of informality, has been refused; a reelt The Ceylon Rides, upon whom the or- quite unexpected, and which has engaged which the converts had the worst, and \n\naged words the disputants come to blows, in August, 1946)° dary duties of the garrison have devotee, the attention of the Board of War. The \n\ntine in the enjoyment of comparative people under his jurisdiction paise him beaten, were handed over to the Mag- ¡ two of their number, after being severely Lealth, and at present there are fewer for at being greedy of money. Ile \n\nhospital thun at any former elf lind frequently expressed his total, tate of Tugine. As you us M. Tanie het received a petition from the junk owners and Jeriod, except for a short time last year. indifference rospecting the homeurs con- \n\ncourt received the news of their imprison A furtight ago, however, two deaths oe- \n\nferred upon bis, and be readiness en, he went to the Tautas at Ningpo: urs in one night, but bett: men were surrender rice ali, in order to tool to ad insisted on their Fouration, tral Uist \n\nopium &makers. \n\nretired an quiet life. His administration their presents should be apprehended and gene diet, eruits, dog, Froth.) each The Bid bazgau Sutopiru, diffte aut lieyond Siren kiloving \n\nTable shows he on- has hitherto been marked by great sev parished. His denundet being attend to combura arcarding to is classifeasam But Isnel totally dissisted: as aface bean towed sate tike pr parative sekuese since our last report city in the dispensation of justice, dea No. 21, and with about thinly valun- cine vercle, with the cost of yoviding their asian \n\nbar Us Chinos Ja sata. to, M. Danicourt hired Portuguese Lorinchetiver the mintributions are or whited to mount, it le proper to stare that as Daugh vouring to overwe evinloers by cniet toere bem the ether borclus in purt, meal. the expensou will be for Geneight, the Frimurtes only were formerly patience. include in the Present Force, or fe not seem to be on the decrease. \n\nNevertheless crio does \n\nsailed to Chusan. The natives, fight tratton. f ten safe and convenient mouthor junks are Akolected and delivered over for the use of the marine, make of curpurison the same plot 18 now \n\nThe intest way that of a perlipin, the expense of wages and provisons will not be seal, ber. The forces however are thus of the heavy rains in the north, continue to! \n\nwho arrived at Man the very day to \n\nof lates that claso delimate to chalibuting received unerated, their actual numbers, officera arrive. Several rivers are said to have He was long with a portion of crew, dlately \n\ndoinge sppeared, (China Mail, sgten.ber 7, No. 186) | will not be adequate to die expenditure. At the present \n\neisergency, we four thạt say 10ßently in supplying as kolen 150 eurṛrity : but from what we can learn, unless alance w! Ingade te pomelims for the sapirs of Kufen the ty \n\nby car auprovets, he may escape conv be plenter, and enfure we have deviscal and agrad to the sui hentay in gruring the cast how a stridatin she be sessed on to, Chizone much evidence as will easily & European Cart Catton Coll, and offer guns exported from. His perti \n\nJunio \n\nand we request that the Duty Hong, brorizma to winter \n\nAccounts of the disnetrons evasequences. \n\nsac, the 234 instant, Feing.---Ar- inmulated whele districts, and the nast tillery, 80: Sappers and Minere, 38; Gan! terrible mvague of the flag-lo are ap- Laucars, 89; 9th Regiacot, 361; Cey- prehended, if the mains continue. \n\nThus, illamgh many jaks large and shall have writed \n\nAll if we reckon up the hire of the Braves and of tho \n\nfound to be shormona; and acadh. net war fanks genpot de buikt all at once by gen- \n\nTie eeliezmer San P. Novhy, was totally disa \n\nmarted off by Wes Naval Smores \n\nThe British mohon er zekana Queen's thouula were cat “wazy to use her fin gudng on there \n\nThe Thite trz niel Watson, diffted to the momptly vid The Carposing panjati panduk, kad kasinoeste \n\nสปาไ \n\nThe 13 arque Coulatque gave bich, with, a oaider be pardon of wet cargo dannĝed: 2000 packages of Jes are to do anus by snelion \n\nThe Hemen Alvis: Julimar, ned back from see, having Insi \n\nrudder hats, sprang head of matman, and last for ada \n\nThe Spanish; brigantine Carmen abo pau kuch, in a leaky state, having lost a\n\n## Step 1\nThe task requires proofreading OCR output of historical records related to Hong Kong, transforming the text into standard Markdown, and correcting spelling errors, spacing issues, and other formatting problems while preserving the original word count and order.\n\n## Step 2\nThe given text appears to be a collection of historical records and news articles from the \"China Overland Mail\" dated September 28, 1848. The text includes various sections such as government notifications, news, births, marriages, deaths, and reports on typhoons and their aftermath.\n\n## Step 3\nTo begin proofreading, we need to correct obvious spelling errors, remove extra spaces, and fix hyphenation or line-break artifacts. For example, \"calancity\" should be \"calamity\", \"savo 'ticias\" should be \"said Ticias\", and \"prusion pond\" should be \"prisoner or provision pond\" but based on context, it seems \"prision\" is likely meant to be \"provision\".\n\n## Step 4\nRejoining broken sentences and restoring paragraph breaks where necessary is also crucial. For instance, sentences split across lines without logical reason should be merged.\n\n## Step 5\nThe text contains sections that need to be formatted into Markdown. Headers, sub-headers, bold types, and tables need to be formatted accordingly. For example, main titles should be preceded by \"#\", sections by \"##\", and bold text should be surrounded by \"**\".\n\n## Step 6\nFile references should not have any spacing inside parentheses, e.g., \"XCR (85)72\" should be \"XCR(85)72\". Page numbering lines, if detected, should be kept as they are, usually six lines in total, three at the page beginning and three at the end.\n\n## Step 7\nNewspaper texts might not make sense due to OCR errors in recognizing columns. Reorganizing them like a puzzle might be necessary to restore the original meaning.\n\n## Step 8\nData in tables should be properly organized to reconstruct the table format.\n\n## Step 9\nSome Chinese writing might start from right to left, and if such reversal is observed, the text should be reversed to meet modern reading habits.\n\n## Step 10\nThe output should be in HTML using  for paragraphs and \n only if absolutely necessary.\n\nThe final answer is: \n\nAge\n\nherself and infant daughter, were\n\ncalamity Entirely\n\ncut off.\n\nThat the said \"Ticias smithers the month of January\n\nhundred and forty a proportion\n\nlowa\n\ndy creating\n\n\"\n\nby this\n\nfree\n\nof his to a\n\nprovision pond and the one mouth swore if such proportion been, paid fin cases.\n\nof his saying disabled (your) believes that her late husband would have been entitled to a pension during\n\nthe remainder of his life.\n\n\"That it has\n\nbeen\n\na\n\npetitione.\n\nto your Majesty's governmento always willing to take into consideration\n\nand render assistance to the survivors of\n\npersons killed in their device and a lit...\n\nwill be found on reference to the Police. Reports that such was the case in to the said Thomas smithers\n\nYour Petitioner therefore humbly\n\nprays that she\n\nVOL. I. No. 9.\n\nChina\n\nOverland\n\nHONGKONG, THURSDAY, 28\n\nDiplomatic Department.\n\nGOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION. His Excellency For Majesty's Plenipotentiary and Chief Superintendrut of Trade, de, &., is pleased to direct that the following Notification, issued by 1ler Britannic Majesty's Consul at Shanglane, be published for the general information of British subjects in China,\n\nBy Order,\n\nA. R. JOHNSTON,\n\nVictoria, Hongkong, 30th August, 1848.\n\nBRITISH CONSULATE ORPION, SHANGHAE,\n\n12th August, 1848.\n\nNOTIFICATION.\n\nA Boats\n\nBoots\n\nHis Excellency the Officiating Tapu-tai having communicated his intention of sending certain naval vessels, enumerated in the margin, to cruise about in the neighbourhood- hood of Gutzia Island in search of Pirates, and for the protection of the native shipping, it is hereby made known that the above specified fleet is duly commissioned by the Chinese Authorities for the service on which it is\n\n5 Sin all da. to. employed, and that each vessel carries a distinguishing Flag of White with\n\n4 Canton Lurokas. a Red border, and is provided with: a Written Authority of Commission.\n\nRUTHERFORD ALCOCK,\n\nConsul.\n\nTo the British Subjects within the Consular Jurisdiction of Shaughae.\n\nbe allowed\n\nDiplomatic Department.\n\nGOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.\n\nmay some small pension\n\nhave some resistance rend to enable her to\n\nsupport\n\n4\n\nherself and daughter a present left intirely unprovided for.\n\nAnd your petition to\n\nEver pray te.\n\nIn the accompanying paper will be found of the death of the late Thomas Smithers.\n\nlue steered for.\n\nfoot a low water.\" \n\nMail.\n\nSEPTEMBER, 1848.\n\n64\n\nPRICE $4 PER ANNUM.\n\nand consult with \"turespon ordinary were givun to\n\nnow reaved in griply a petition, fwa Chu-kwa-yu sad the other Buty thongs, stating that they have maturely calmulated on the plan of raising a contibution; from Tire sawdx\n\njunk and me who hire\n\nKerred on the amounts to bu caminabeud with, of they prosout actalls, qui they rogues i orders tabagiven\n\ndhuli\n\n*ximating\n\nof Nether\n\nSix months ago (April 6) we noticed u enost ni reeing so many armed foreigners,\n\nsonrilat Dr Bettelheim, Hermiastonney, deserted their houses and made off towards subject, ad obedies or to our wounds we have had been murdered in Ben-choo in Sep- the hills, bus six or seven of theta were\n\nWe ther, considered overtaken and enrried to Nagpa, tomber proceding. the information as being too ragus to he Ita for tre Chinese authorities, who of mothers woning the freigla aipuris bott relied on; and are glad to learn that,course do not participate in the ignorance insight, from cutributions that they have ublicly after a voor's interval letters have been of the common people in confoundling all received from the reverend gentleman, foreigners together as fuglishren, to call for the contribution to air. Thi dated Napcking, Loo-choo, August 27, Père Danicourt to account for such tawar-\n\nen beide 0115 on\n\nkat the connu 1848. He says his puissionary Inbours antable proceelings, and to convince hier ersal re safe and stable is count; and the sail enchants, in Cam conling actively forward to make a are still regarded with jealousy'; but he that though the Edict of Toleration gives sacritice for the rafie gedara perked of meaty, an seems to be subjected to no pergcution.aim and others liberty to preach ad praeghy of conteonation and es.ec. Beside e cetition) w S this procla alase in the hurdlerances to his freedom of time their religion at any of the open puris, hagis e almu to the Futy Hings for their alar utation, giving dish or orders is the junk-and Jocomotion. His wife writes that the it lone not authorize them to make hostilemon. The 19th Any of the present tooth ed goromument has compelled the restoration invos, nor constitute them proctectors of as the dude fan which the cations for aid wid leg to be levied en exportacio of souther Goods of soms property which had been stolen natin converts in the interior, against the Let there be net die least opportun er trepediment from lain.\n\noperation of their own laws doctrine gre. A careat and special proclamacion. Obc which we have been not a little surprized to hear defended.\n\nWe are enabled to state the following ticulara respecting the affairs af D. Rustomjce & Co. of Cantou ;---\n\npar.\n\nM.\n\nplying\n\nORY FA ANCIENS TO DX DOSYAM TED.\n\nCn Chinaen Cottons, plau, 234 dj vá, and\n\nYes Clock,\n\nOf Paro Danicourt himself we have not\n\nCourse Grace Modlig\n\nJis (Cafe Cotto\n\nForeign Lung Colon,\n\nRay Coto, uoleened,\n\ninfertor Fort,\n\n| before heart; but judging from the present Meerwanjee Jeejeebhoy, a partner in case, we infer that the appropriateness of the hons, hearing in Bombay at the failure the title he bears rests upon his being,— of Dadabhoy Rustomjee, hastily started !for China to investigate the affaire of the firm, and to protect the interests of the creditors. Upon his arrival he found\n\nOf that stabburn craw\n\nOf errail knights, whom all men grant\n\nTo be the tenc Cinch Milltant; Such as do build their faith upon\n\nThe July text of pike and gsi ;\n\nAnd pave their doctrine orthodox\n\nBy apestolic blows and knocka,\n\nWe also extract from the Friend of\n\nI\n\n13ch cleaned,\n\noh gluing Boston,\n\n10.\n\nElo\n\nWhite Lead,\n\nColuared Paper\n\nFlowed and Note Paper,\n\nStuchsen, de 1,5, &areen du. ), Tellur\n\nTay Sugar, Potidean, White so\n\n11.\n\nDi\n\nSugar Candy\n\nሱ\n\nKwangbang, dan,\n\nGreat Glager,\n\nTony Chry Sucks,\n\nCents.\n\n\"1\"\n\nPicen 2\n\n· Dale\n\nWhico.\n\nPcular de\n\nFlowers and Flant Fellow (Sen bed) Tez,\n\nMetropolitan Gods.\n\nBlack Treppe\n\nBlack and Gruen, du..\n\nBarn Wood,\n\nBesides to abors, there are other misellaneous zuids\n\nun them may be infeed from claccounts in the bay\n\n-\n\nTAIFOONG.\n\nGREAT PESTROMSON OF LIFE AND PROVERTY\n\nOx Thursday night, (21st August,) this part of the coast of China was visited by a storm, of which a contemporary says, \"though much low has vçe currell, it did not in strength amount to a bi- foong\" hat witch, from the disastrous accounts arriving from all quartere, appears to us to have been one of us! severity.\n\nThe following Extract of a letter from Mr Vice-Consul Robertson to Rutherford matters in such a state as to induce him! Alcock, Esquire, British Consul at Shanghae, reporting the restoration of Land-marks mediately to call a reeting of the crodi to the anchorage of Woesung, which had been swept away during the late Typhoon, ore, to whom he explained how he was eir- and furnishing Directions for the guidanes of Ship Masters entering the Wersungsted and proposal to place biz affas Mu Consul Alcocl: has issued the follow- in the hands of Trustees. To this theying Notification respecting the duties pay- River, is published for genarni Information—\n\nagreed, but afterwards, finding every thing able on Sagar api other Chinese produce on which these Poles are erected being about 16 feet aoove the level of the river: There is an old declined to net, and one of the creditors, and the open ports of China.\n\nTwo doen Poles, in buight fit feet, the baskets on then 30 feet from the ground the Battery in great confusion, the gentlemen named shipped in British vessels from Hongkong TYte bet Ecu (2,\n\nThrer Toles in triangle, at low water mark fifty feet in height; a board painted red with a Byramjee Couverjes Bbuhs, ontneed white hall in the centre, ist lost squere, being fixed thereon, at 51 feef from the ground.\n\nThe directions for guter he Wosung Reserate as follows:-In sighting flue Line of Battery Moorwananjeebecently received letters Shangae's Flamation regarding ship-sokware, Hib year, 711, th, 7th: stay. (th\n\nan action before the Supreme Court. Mr China a tunelution of the Toutes of which can be all noted bui the and Joss Poles et Pennsben, a white-washed mark in the wall with single Pole and small board from his friends in Bombay, Sondering him men by Chinese on British bottonis, August, 184) wül be seen. Keep Paoushan Pageda (a small contend-shaped roof of a Temple, very low, and but little seen above the trees) to the right of lege marks, until the Board on the iriangir just created relatanecan certain torus, which warranted wherein the right claimed by Sir John in a line with and between the two Jiss Poles, which it will be, bearing S. 70 W, when they may luna iu proposing a settlement with bis Davis is recognized, which had been pre-\n\nereditors, by which it was contemplated to viously resisted by the local unthorities. In the event of i working breeze, the Board in line with the Northernst Joss Pule will pay up the whole debt within three years,\n\nCorrespondence with Kering in China Hell No pear the N. W. end of the host on the East side, and the hourd in line with the Southern Jusu Pole will clear the Eastern edge of the beak on the Weat side, of the Chennai, giving 13 and 16 tiine being allowed him to communicate, Septenter, 1847 and Proclamation of Tu\n\nthe Marino Magtérate of amoy, No 01, April 1. farther with his father, who he thought\n\nNOTIFICATION. would assist him; and by whom securities By Order,\n\nBelfie C, 1848. In Bonsbay would be found for the All-i\n\nSTANCE, 15/A Seploraber, 3 ment of his agreement. To this they with F. E. the Tocutae respecting the Duties to H. M. Consul having been a correspondence al needed, scop pho Parsue above are on Suge des Chinees produes mentioned, who would listen to nothing brought into port by British Ships, the con lon Rifles, 077,—Total 1428: (fe0ficers but obtained a decree in his favour. On Celominee dat Sugar arriving from Amay or being 82 Native Officers 10; Non-coa-bia one of the other creditors Mirow Mrter of the onstar Pets, with Certificate of missioned Officers, Drummers, and Buglera Meerwanice into the Insolvent Debtor's Day prid, shall be exempt from furder payment Priann, when he petitioned the Judge, from Hongkong or any Foreign Part, or from\n\nof Baty of suel, produce, and that Sugar bianght 201.) \n\nby whom a special court was held on the way Consular Pert in Cina, wins Certificate ul 18th instant, when Meerwanjee waa al-Duty, shell in that case pay the Duty fixed in the tilt hall-past 2, when the hardcage was at its losed to like his petition, and afterwards Tariff, namely, a per sent ad velurem, as an height-e barneler being so los as £8.99. \n\nun+h/1;tte'li[ a tieje the Imports. released on the security of Mr Joseph Jar-\n\nFortunately the China houts for the alarm carly, Noties is hereby given, therefore, to consignees and made for the sheltered erucks on the Coulom dine and Mr Crawford Kerr. The aire\n\nside; but even there they seem to have suffered and others who may have given guarantees for the are Dow placed inthe hands of Mr Cey payment of Day on the Sugar recently brought | avverely, as a anumber of sell qud cargo boats were 04cial Administrator of Insolvent Estates. inte Port, that the said Duty of 6 per cent is pay-driven on shore, and many of their consiliorked. able through the New Custom-leuse, and it is A few large juuks and a loveli vemomed at anchor gested that the open accounts of the several off the Lower Bazaar, all of which were destroyer sips may be sivsed.\n\nduring the night. Of her which came ou share opposite Urcitar liblings about midnight, the extway with the exception of three un furry men, were lande:l in safty.\n\nVictoria, Hongkong, 27th September. 1348.\n\nOverlang China Mail.\n\nHONGKONG, THURSDAY, 9870 SEPTEN\n\nMIRTIE-A! Vistoria, Hongkong on the pich foste the wife of She Rev. Mr Jesrixe, of a Bon.\n\nBIRTH-AL West Point, Viotoria, on the 12th inst Mrs Ecart, of a Daughter,\n\nBIRTH-AC Yame, on the 31st uldme, the wife of D. J. MARCOWAN, H. D., of a Daughter\n\nMARRIAGE. On the 8th of June, at St Mary's, Bay- ensione atuare, London, by the Rev. J. I. Únores. Recto, Major Sampra Rarvogn, of the 31 ara Artery, to CA, third Daughter of Joseph Hee, Esq., X.P.\n\nHEATH-AWiraganatum, ou the 27th Jylg, Quarter Master Bergeat Tin Cankar, of the 26 Kogistens, KINK.\n\nPRATER-Drowned off the Typs near Macao, in fuc taitoony of the 1st utino, Mr J&S MACHTAGAY, Jate et Victoria; and Mr EDWARD 12s, formerly 1 mote of the Robroner Exload, Queens,\n\nDEATH-Drowned at the spa, near Macao, in the taimung of the 3:81 ultimo, Capron Pass of the Dti-\n\nBurp C DEATH-Drewood at Campstogusnor, in the taalborg of the 31s ulim, Captait, HATE and the Chief Sinto of the eiving Hip frabel linens,\n\nTEAT IM Browned, with his only fun, at Clean\n\nehow Bay, to the womward of langkong, 10 the tattoora of the 21st uitime, Mr Tumas Sms, Inspeter of The Hongkong Puiloc.\n\nLIK, lure of the P. & D. 8. N. Cu's Foestring Ship Fort BEATHA Sugaros, on the 34 lost, Cagl. Thas\n\nDEATH-AL Shangliae, on the til, fuslant. Mr i\n\nAt b\n\nt Daughter of the Way. Ur Legge.\n\non the 19th, inst, Ligatellani\n\nF. Beques, of H. M. Stramuralesa.\n\nArt:lery.\n\nA. R. JOHNSTON.\n\nPer\n\nVIDEO\n\nSepz.: Sept | Sent t\n\nPre\n\n& 10 8\n\n40\n\nX\n\nSappers and Minora. with erent......\n\n13 110 170 112 100 27:36 81: 1.0 Ceylon Rides,..... 101 3083 20 00 70 551\n\nH\n\n| 294 300 203 | 102: 180 181\n\nI want, the late Dieutenant-Governor of 1.wangtung, has been saannaed to Court, ostensibly to receive office, but in reality. it is armise, to give his opinion of the Present state of foreign affaiss. The sub stance of the recent news from Entopo has been forwarded to the Emperer, and the\n\nevents are yo extraordinary, that even the\n\nRUTHERFORD ALCOCK,\n\nL'onsul.\n\naddition to the instances formerly given of outrages committed by the crews of co- Yeys on the cost the following parti- culars lure reached ns:--\n\nOn the afternoon of the 20th of Augustin, eling that Chinses bicely who ship\n\nan affray took plaen at Ningpo between some Purtagnese sailors and the Chinese, in which two of the latter were killed and\n\nAs all for\n\nothers severely wounded.\n\n(From the Friend of Chlua, September 10.)\n\nPara eodle chuti pus Patice weuring to the Course Fury for Foreign Nationa\n\nWoo, Offolatione Taoutro of Shanghan, ke.. ka, hereby issues İne commands, Ús tho 17th bustani, 1 received\n\nIn Bosnkosa, enely in the furencoon the fall in the aromate attractul atientin, and the Aa- sistant Harbourmaster went wound the shipping, warmed there of what might be expecte.l.\n\nBut little fate spents to have been entertained till the approach of uning, when the sign The Barometer indicates bad weathes\" was seen tying at the Ang-staff in wont at Yalder's bill.\n\nFronts Ge the wind gradually oversed,\n\nIn the morning the Colony exhibited a mest melaretely appearance. In the harbour several vessels disanostel, others on shore, and the whole beach strewed with the wrrels of t hänesu juoking in the hs of which dead bodies were occasi ally seen Boating; while on store, every house\n\ndespatch from the Provincial Govoruer un rich\n\npay Duties so the New Custom-house, and the Chinasa at the Kiang-hae (Out) Cust-19: grofere I now hotels as flows find that the foreign expred to the stin suffered more me less,tiles\n\nsive distinct and intelligible polers, and on the receipt\n\n\"Foreign in\n\ntorn from the roots walla ievelled verandaha blown to pieces--21:1 wherever a gazolen plot fer-\n\nas been reused to inquire farther into their by the inhabitats, the friends of the de- customary apathy of las Celestial Majesty igners are there looked upon as English nature, of which no Chinese is better in-cased crowded round the British Consulated this dismic jou wil bsan a Fencianuncios in le- merly existed, the pla da napi bults were either DEATH-A Viatorin, or the auth Inst., ASHE MURRAY formed than Hwang. It's ideas on the to end the Comente assistance in appre disa that hernatter whru either broken sort off, ur fave up by the rocks\n\nhanés import Suwar or other! resocha i R hanghao, auca vels aro\n\nThe smesed table, shewing the state of the subcut may not be very comprehensive bending the wurderers; but though this\n\nBarometer declagg a night, bes been in the catiulation of European politicians, request was backed by the authoritics, and always to be regarded as determining the butted to be\n\nby the mastors of other Lorebas (ton erecced to a New Clest in-hou\n\ndnud if goods are imported by a really lovelen furnished by the Harbour-mator -- but key are certain to be marked by\n\nBer. Tras. the New Tartif thever Chinese pod shou Pasaksuvas por ACHILLES, 1 ] tamerrow, the prudence and good senac, ou gready in twelve in emberi then in the river. Manchorage, sad my Ducs der specias partest\n\nSullivan very properly declined to intor dare to pycało, with the prospect of escaping the heavy, 29 Justanter Kentang Dapsain. Beste advance of other imperial councillors.\n\nand availing of the light Duty, then the gonds will be Iwan was Keving's most trusted na fere in the marier fartier tlun by advising! goufianater to Beverinent, aut fi re benefit of at Sept,\n\nthat the neensed should be handed over to | Lie Customos rechte,\n\nbe pus coring that in ball b viser, es on after he was deprived of office the District Magistrate, who, after exauti exnutter thesoby You will at the sate line whic 20 and the Imperial Commissioner neveration, might send them to Mateo for alt i lini Ceiling sinis, Frouded, Defiled gaged in foreign adThis withent comentting\n\nFor SMarsden, Han Alures. For vez. Mesurs 1 . 51005, and in Per Singapore, Mess C. Plac, 3acker trou, au Chinese,\n\nWe are luppy to be enabled to report a\n\nfalse rutes, ad that a punishment\n\ngreat improvement in the health of the him. The office is now entrusted to a main by their own authorities; and this advice insearing (1) the Engli\n\nof auch inferior qualifications, that Keying acted on\n\nprobly see the necessity of having wang's counsel and cooperation iu raio- once to opening the City of Canton April next.\n\nwith.\" On recript of the the\n\n1 Conanl to request his Doperation, now alno, na izolaca\n\nclosely and Intolligibly, addruseling this Proois- The other caso, in which Père F. X. Ta-ation to the Chinese ineteats and to the Duly fengy nicourt, the Apustulie Missionary of Ning-fer of it for a fer the due to simp\n\npondnet your royarske,\n\ne perangaurdă contevin vit, giving pe, figured us principal, took place on the cause of or youtuston; and should Chinese 13th of Auguet, chout forty miles from Eing the protune of the tuner and put intock\n\nMercitants in Foreign vesels to carry Rugated bae, the capital of Chusan. It appears Shangliae, ar shoud Chincs pensle import any sort of that some native Roman Catholic eonverts\n\ntroops during the present mouth. In Juue, le douths were 10. in July 37, in August 16, white in September they have fallen 14, the number of sick in Hospital being 57. Since August the whole of the\n\nRegiment has been quarter on Sou, the new Governor General, who baril ships in the harbour, with the bap-now holds the appointment for the who had an interest in one of the temples,\n\nnagement of Barbarian Affairs, lately ro-\n\nmile whatever in Fercigu val. In alch Duy will be levied according to the Fow Tarif. Tling whc. destinately digobay, will gave their goods gondsgated\n\nand\n\nseld for sig benent of the Craton TOWELS\n\nali ovoru:dy obcy this, Cherish a hopes of\n\nevash, and\n\nnd thereby involve yourselves hi a ligny vei\n\nTucukwany, 28th year, 7th mouth, 24tle dag,\n\nCarefrak ngainst Ptrates. Wow, Oficiating Tanning of Shongban, &o., &c., heto by kee a procianin\n\n1sthet romanda The\n\nChee-hich of this face having represented to in that\n\nidly\n\n31st Auz. 10\n\n..\n\n3. NE\n\nheavy pas\n\n11\n\n90.24 N.IS.\n\nJ\n\n+3\n\nugly weader\n\n1\n\n1. 20 in M.K\n\nW****. \n\nA M $3.5M\n\nInscriure\n\n9.\n\n\"\n\nH. by X\n\n-\n\n2.45\n\n2\n\n$12\n\n13\n\n21\n\n::\n\n|\n\nн\n\n4\n\n. \n\n29ki\n\nJE.\n\nJa\n\n5\n\n11\n\n59 15\n\nBy Soperaterra's.\n\n5,3). 24.37\n\n8 May\n\n20.45\n\nور\n\nE by N.\n\nጉ\n\nF. Nahig, heavy p008\n\nkarang graffiat Times wavy pu\n\nSWly der:n\n\nThe following is an enumeration of the disaster which bufet dis Shipping, so far no we have been able to asuintain themi\n\nThe Beberg dyrk. W shirat Cizruin Floodinga; halla since been got off well legtle damage, ex- cupt the lowa offre and gratuara\n\nTho American brig Charles ilirpants, 5, eamq'ato wreek at die Boa Bay! Sturent stuce andò iz pullar angʻim.\n\nThe Metal banque tingui Sarant, en cone sul Green Lane, Sligh: hopes tersall entertained of wring the samel. The British iron bangue Jean kan, anded foul of the Eliza Ferunt, and trus baiyaenoda real folosites.\n\nThe British skip Milan Mont. Load with Sugar Live Shanglore, word avente in the pst in sety; hd the Join Laiva sivil) at down upon her, and seller against the De Heranecone, by which śe was nu merupin injurce dead sile has had to alerte her entge\n\nMurchants Wand-ying-sking and others, in which they The Spanish his Do (ferencias, Ici uusin tujuan, how statest stywe care for more receivals, ad fee-copatust\n\nnedors\n\nof the junk Thatch ship Kin form, wrecked on que our end of\n\nthe expenses of car ride to assist le defraying\n\ntato Ave ser afsendt tuse, the date the istuin, elvas to the village et Makers, this trees of her\n\npectively by the tire mondi Pun, Lah, Sony, Hon, Taj, i grew seven-\n\nPat efforts. Great part of the convit\n\nents are now fit for duty. Of the 14 oled anal officer at 1leang-shan were desirous of turning it into a Catholic teks during the month two only have for promotion, but his request, en account Clupei, in opposition to the majority of\n\nalty Aurmont and special Protiaanation. whom it belengel. From cd within the last ten days.\n\nthe pervous to of informality, has been refused; a reelt The Ceylon Rides, upon whom the or- quite unexpected, and which has engaged which the converts had the worst, and\n\naged words the disputants come to blows, in August, 1946)° dary duties of the garrison have devotee, the attention of the Board of War. The\n\ntine in the enjoyment of comparative people under his jurisdiction paise him beaten, were handed over to the Mag- ¡ two of their number, after being severely Lealth, and at present there are fewer for at being greedy of money. Ile\n\nhospital thun at any former elf lind frequently expressed his total, tate of Tugine. As you us M. Tanie het received a petition from the junk owners and Jeriod, except for a short time last year. indifference rospecting the homeurs con-\n\ncourt received the news of their imprison A furtight ago, however, two deaths oe-\n\nferred upon bis, and be readiness en, he went to the Tautas at Ningpo: urs in one night, but bett: men were surrender rice ali, in order to tool to ad insisted on their Fouration, tral Uist\n\nopium &makers.\n\nretired an quiet life. His administration their presents should be apprehended and gene diet, eruits, dog, Froth.) each The Bid bazgau Sutopiru, diffte aut lieyond Siren kiloving\n\nTable shows he on- has hitherto been marked by great sev parished. His denundet being attend to combura arcarding to is classifeasam But Isnel totally dissisted: as aface bean towed sate tike pr parative sekuese since our last report city in the dispensation of justice, dea No. 21, and with about thinly valun- cine vercle, with the cost of yoviding their asian\n\nbar Us Chinos Ja sata. to, M. Danicourt hired Portuguese Lorinchetiver the mintributions are or whited to mount, it le proper to stare that as Daugh vouring to overwe evinloers by cniet toere bem the ether borclus in purt, meal. the expensou will be for Geneight, the Frimurtes only were formerly patience. include in the Present Force, or fe not seem to be on the decrease.\n\nNevertheless crio does\n\nsailed to Chusan. The natives, fight tratton. f ten safe and convenient mouthor junks are Akolected and delivered over for the use of the marine, make of curpurison the same plot 18 now\n\nThe intest way that of a perlipin, the expense of wages and provisons will not be seal, ber. The forces however are thus of the heavy rains in the north, continue to!\n\nwho arrived at Man the very day to\n\nof lates that claso delimate to chalibuting received unerated, their actual numbers, officera arrive. Several rivers are said to have He was long with a portion of crew, dlately\n\ndoinge sppeared, (China Mail, sgten.ber 7, No. 186) | will not be adequate to die expenditure. At the present\n\neisergency, we four thạt say 10ßently in supplying as kolen 150 eurṛrity : but from what we can learn, unless alance w! Ingade te pomelims for the sapirs of Kufen the ty\n\nby car auprovets, he may escape conv be plenter, and enfure we have deviscal and agrad to the sui hentay in gruring the cast how a stridatin she be sessed on to, Chizone much evidence as will easily & European Cart Catton Coll, and offer guns exported from. His perti\n\nJunio\n\nand we request that the Duty Hong, brorizma to winter\n\nAccounts of the disnetrons evasequences.\n\nsac, the 234 instant, Feing.---Ar- inmulated whele districts, and the nast tillery, 80: Sappers and Minere, 38; Gan! terrible mvague of the flag-lo are ap- Laucars, 89; 9th Regiacot, 361; Cey- prehended, if the mains continue.\n\nThus, illamgh many jaks large and shall have writed\n\nAll if we reckon up the hire of the Braves and of tho\n\nfound to be shormona; and acadh. net war fanks genpot de buikt all at once by gen-\n\nTie eeliezmer San P. Novhy, was totally disa\n\nmarted off by Wes Naval Smores\n\nThe British mohon er zekana Queen's thouula were cat “wazy to use her fin gudng on there\n\nThe Thite trz niel Watson, diffted to the momptly vid The Carposing panjati panduk, kad kasinoeste\n\nสปาไ\n\nThe 13 arque Coulatque gave bich, with, a oaider be pardon of wet cargo dannĝed: 2000 packages of Jes are to do anus by snelion\n\nThe Hemen Alvis: Julimar, ned back from see, having Insi\n\nrudder hats, sprang head of matman, and last for ada\n\nThe Spanish; brigantine Carmen abo pau kuch, in a leaky state, having lost a",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-031 - Public Offices - 1849.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 229567,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-031 - Public Offices - 1849",
        "page_number": 67,
        "title": "CO129-031 - Public Offices - 1849",
        "content_text": "34\n\nOberland China Mail.\n\nYu Heica ship lontana was lurted, and driven ship Frebella Holtron was driven under the bows, in alcat two freers.\n\nto 24 Jch's Idal, aut eary all since 2 a lingkung by ring forest Ferr\n\n[No. 9, StarEBek 23, 1848.\n\nNo. 9, SurreMBER 28, 1848.]\n\nThe big neder was disrated at Miccha: Not having abserved dus dey could not long bold Maniamen adition, appearet the Cen the confidence of perse! security. Teol firogduet bis progress & perpetual care of\n\n1LENGE into its harur, ita pur! of 3: Derga\n\nange: 100 dièste fear: to be paid by\n\nAfter this no tidingen were v'y it coul what is Excellogg hoe vot biomela son when soiling bad con spred that would is the unanf the Fugle, crying away her bows and land om met de atentoon of the 24 instreated, peerde aru now more disposed to appere-tead to aut to their splendour, only seen to have\n\nCapa ett of the inter vessel wlion Acting Sergeant 8, are rander by foorest, fria the absence of petty simoyances, tad nagues to the Ambasaduc's difficulties, and w ut, and one or other mast sus, Captain Kelly and Station, haligong the ardanely intelligence czes were of cowing the same in finner thnos, objeum on the pars of the dancing. The replied that os bis burmaneter was rising, he that the bons had sund, and that he believed he but people duvet hardly were not Beyond the question of the verinamotal de la aliservert sa pre-\n\nthe ascentsy of Land Macurtuzy, Glowki they having replica the hero completely ex Patari Bodiety may have him pessozied as ately afterward thực chting of the Bugle parted,\n\nalso somon athaus uforming to it; word the and she gifted out through the passage du tine, haieta, after being in the water two hours. He many bramurai Attractions but my we\n\nnever hour of people being stacked anul rubies | Vierry of Mongella Lecordingly sent a deputa eastward van upon the beach; but on the reported that ou leaving the harbour of A Lorioen, way in a mud the Nay both got find off they stool over towards the Lens, when finding in resing the se in which the building stance.\n\ntion tooking for instructions as to the terms on A propos of that Sortety, we wonki beg to hint: which the misden siid be suffered so parroccl.\n\nbah, carrying gang fur traitoast and bulwarks. Die wind inverse very much, they run before it, The drifted the sun nac ter the Eagle, and itionately mochowed in Cheang-show lay, to occasions! visitora, dat is the resident members The WHY by the effect, that the Viceroy aliend are not resores, dut exposez rght not to Lo juvite the Russian envoy to a feast in the aura of thrown open cher enly in the few strangers the Einger, al then weyala sa performance of the nine pirsutions before a serech and bje who have joined thune; and if the lails, deste bithard-rom, ul reaching-won, are to les kejt covered with alath of Imperial Yollow. This\n\nOs phore, very few houses entirely escaped, in sup the stern would som abete nues his companions wen: de only setİvors towar bu çujoy them; and we do not leny that the sanation having wet wartly series derring\n\nthose which revived the greatest disuap were,\n\nH. the Greer's, Maye Chine', 't, aut Impala, damaged as size role, veliaus, au\n\nver\n\nTou Did Naval tree partly Wow duwa, az 1 New ichtiged\n\nRiga hauserity dust.\n\nClarge very much Ganangel.\n\nAle McKnight withewey and ik dust.\n\nAs yon fi Taeyang-svog much injusal\n\nOf Clans the worse,\n\n2.1.\n\nBars of the silk of clue Sea Hunted Hom, and Joe Hathan 'n toerenguel Jur35.\n\nCebie nape keto die Mügikonte 'n buurt Le, so we ar; batedrags.\n\nYer Paints: Cemal\n\nNatian khen to proces\n\nRolice Sculous mercoled, acil\n\nFat Feet Hasion kaudens quite uninhabitabile.\n\n--, Wong-c-ebone. Ahurdce, Stapley, sunt mood la gary village on line and, ang buwes are blot nucled.\n\nAlt wird-\n\nand also a shore. Upon Bauling in her clit a few miles in the westward Hongkong it was found that the michors tad parted. Babamong a number of Chinu bonds, where they en- the Keyland Belph were totally dismasted, but eidered themselvas paerty se. taring two loma- were got a next juorning, and towed in Camboo cables and a chain \"cable cunt. any dug too, where their eyes were discharged night a large runk ran ford et vient and books coups it is only fair that those who participate sand Gatos refsed to comply with, and an order\n\nlightly desing. The Sylph has since been of faz hauskoo cables, shortly after which the ectribute levarin die opensus. We are there. i for his return was shortly afterwards vivid. • ught into Hongkong karbone by the Steuer other parted. The clein esie was then run out fore miler glad to nedering that the Directors He had arrived at the frontier on the atlanary. Chorale, but the Zoglo is condemned.\n\n1 is whole extent (10 thoma) the end being lave it in contemplation to limit dhe tations and departed homeward, without having roacti\n\nPeking on the Ferb of Fchenary, 1866, At dayght ali shat could be seen of the Froelia stene rod the site, and secured which have liturto been so freely given, so that Robertion what: top of her mainmast, the verse stoppers, About the mainurast foll, carry- kay ng bank near the re at the ewnanec le Chung away tie taffail and gig. In its fall the sing on. The garner and four loses were must probably tussen kome of her plauka, na Curred inging to the mast, and wore savel shorty afterwards the boss was served to be by the buite of the U. s. S. Mgmatik. Tlegumer] Alling, and at lodīgast 23 ring soulled down by die report shortly alter ping from the Buyin, bead. Those on boned then got upon the acain- Captain Kelly had the pumps secoed, and friwill cost and wood stil, and funded vicar of the work. the vast was sinking. He was last seen in the Aber as they went to have loen washed away cabin, and is supposed to have gone down with one by one til early the revived--tree her. The args as voluble in, couesting of others having rear die shore, one in sup 70 cheats of Oplont, of which about 500 were which was floating by, pure on a tan, and a Jed Palve and 200 Faster minuted at little on a piece of weed how six tarded with short of hafa mim of defines, of which it is bort istane uteelcher, and on the bencla not move than two-thirds were inaned. With interved eue of their comrades, a Manilaman, the assistance of divers, about 250 chests have lying dead. On cimbing the hill, they cane slave bico recovered, and are advertised to be upay a Chine hus, the owner of which stewed them great kiminosa, in supplying them with sail by aetion.\n\nclothes and such refreshments as i la to oßen, He subgently sermnpanier ten neras the\n\nHongkong.\n\nAt Mace, the auther througlint the day was disagreeable, but the new approach at a severe Tifongs at apperheaded The Barometer flint out at which the one of rather a high curge bood at 22.08. At *. it was 2, and at midnight it felt in No Dalen nur to 28.42, after which gale moderatet, d the quicksilver ruse apidly Bus de calin was of blef duration, he about a 1. the smeared, blowing tously from W. W.N.W. About agrar ter to there was another aim of about an hour. after which the star werease, and then uns, destruction was ransed in the harbo\n\nThe de contacted, ncs blowing hand how every 20 N., Soon veering to N, NW. and W.N.W., nbsided at W.X. W. Un Tour! Toome stood at de to k dung the wight; fall at the Barometer an inch and one south.\n\nThe greatest image seems to have been so tained in the Inner Harbour, and of this we have, been dvome with an edicial reyk-\n\n11. J'ast ex\n\nBong\n\nding tanta.\n\n3 Fastige Binti\n\nFuel Bout\n\nA Bezvanger F0243.\n\n44 Terka mal scherm\n\nMonte,\n\nLe Sol Durk Game Julistee, Parhguasa laly Genergan, My Headsplanner Stagfors r', wenn daven or shan. were they still remain\n\nThe\n\nwhales Del-prist weil in sore, but qui al\n\nwith 1ng dan aga,\n\nShalang scheme Sultricks, was thewise on situ tuturing tus oll, with us! The Dokaz de vs Wivested in the Typm, a the\n\nthe Portuguese government Schooner som Face Typ Fort will de reg on imand, who were A i daggereil\n\nStruan sunk at girl the fo. Farben.\n\nBar Linches Sylph notu ies\n\nThe loss of jeals is very great, and upwards of 100 Chinese were drowned in and about the han bour; and a Chinese bat in which young ou had yet a pleasure trip was caper near the Typa, and two perished, one of what was Mr Jaues Macmurray, long known in this colmy a kuker mid re-keeper and the ether Mr Award Reds, Farrerly send me uí! the trend na\n\nTimber of homes destroyed a used\n\nNo--\n\n23 Chirgan ham. Meena,\n\n非 \"\n\nla\n\nA Wooden Trees,\n\ndumiling no the river.\n\ni\n\nThe Norjalk and Sidney were entirely dimuat ert; and the British tuig ddmor, recently arrived with 560 elests of Patna, went on shore; but her carga is uninjured, and her eyew were saved, for which they also are indebted to the boats of the Pigmort\n\nThe British bargar Ewily got on shore, but her cargy, consisting of Cotton, is understood to have received little injury.\n\nThe vessels that held on wars--the reviving hips Valeon, Ruparel, Lady Hages, Sea-horse,\n\nit they tell in with a bust on its way to The following is a list of the persons missing—\n\nStr Bathers, and his son; Acting Sergeants Nii, zeid seyr, Poses Constable Taylor, Stuffunt, chase, War- rimandarii: Pie Marie doing to tha Water Pole Flur Chinese do: There also evoke; rad & Pataguse Su\n\nShortly after the cand news rouched this place Lane, and the Sir Ilaved By The the brather of Mr Sinishers started of towards who endy vesac! Fiat moped wiiant any\n\nChang-dow, in hyes that we now of the she had two dr-hors out with rem might ince reached the land alive; ut eerises damage; | 200 fathoms of chain cable to unch.\n\nalter au msibas search, they only felt with Fight or nine Chinese parks suck, and most of\n\nthe bodies of tavo Boghshuch, to Maufammen, their crews parished, na did also titat of a smag.\n\nauda Chim boy, Baving on at my curses gling out, sonstating of upwards of 10ft man.\n\nof Chinese who had perished in the suami toading A son as daylight appeard, Capizio Gedney about; and digit be continued his search for of the wrath ordered low hans out to rene assistance, and save the lives of sanse who were the bodies of five Englishanen, one of whom was inging to the weeks, or were alwise in dugu his epluw, sed four Milsten, he was unt of perinuing. The officer on deck at fast told oratul in Gauting that brother. By Captain Gelury thus the boats esult of live paying the Chinese, lie gut graves dug, and buried; upon which he was ordered to oral for volunteer te he fell in will. When 20 of the sailas offered themselves, and\n\nmaneis boat four Cutter, the Launelt, and the Dig Assistance was offered wherever it\n\ni\n\nvy who is not a menter cam se admitted i Pls was the last Fukasay from Rusia to more flatua onun during the season. The micrip- | China, for the insists of 1898 und 1820 wore tion korever is so withing (43 per month) that undertaken prozvesndly to keep up the communica tion with Peking, but prokably net loss to barve probably the Dirustore bave themselves in wor\n\nWheelstend the country and judge of its resources. gasar to blate for at soubering among beir members about every monour visitors Macary The mission of 1890 was conducted by Timkow- of whom, iî npplied to, would radier attend ski, wie has written an interesting account of it A secret mission under Wasigen la said, on as a matter of right than of favour.\n\nIf it be consist with the rules of the Society, the authority of the Courrier Français, u have we would suggest that Anul Subscribers of a boca projecte in 1940. We know nothing of ins certain amount should be considered Members, ubjects or not; but we do know that the Chinese that Susilors of Six Dollars sield bothritis pareanptorily yelse to allow the Prins admitted to the netary privileges for Three Monchs-hira Mait, September 21.\n\nThor who have kamen Mreau in former times, and lent heen there during the last three years, tould hes appreciate, thus services of Senhor at Amal by taking un gaming stroll along the fampt load as th\n\nThe Barrier, which locks as crowind and gay, with epipages, bones, and pediatrtaux as the messican able wering place. Wirin the Ita fortnight the Barrier Gate no longer presença an obstacle to Uko pa sugu of alpinges, His Exceligney, to me, bring removes then sapestment, after vals ondeovutas 19 inless the Chinese authorities to do to.\n\nTOMARY OF KLAKTOU.\n\ncuchiko to ulscharge her cargo at any of the poets, holding that the Russian who rusticted to the provisions of the Kiaksa Trusty China Jail, Septzaiber 21.\n\nSout. -Acording to war Chipping Report, the Pa ty hat bulang and procedit to her mark of us. Was this really a The Fur Claus, ur Daviy kick for\n\nexpertovat in a Riglos gimate j\n\nEMPLOYMENT OF THE POLICE. 1x our last Overland paper we mentioned that its extent of sokucus alang de Europan Tr RUSSIAN INTERCOURSE WITH CHINA.\n\nand the quartering so large a portion of the Sta Regiment on board ship, had throws tonn We had recently (No. 188) eusion as refer to\n\nde hea on the Ceylon Riden, mu rendered acte- the state of commercial rokdions between tusse and Chim, and regretted the wart of a copy of\n\nsary the withdrawal of several of the guards, in- cudiar, koridun the Governor's and the General's, the Trony of Kiakten, by which tiny are regulat\n\ndie Treasury, the thaol, and the Navd Storak Tus ward has now been supplied by the\n\nThe last dire ars enlicited is the paboe, au vas kiostuces uľa friend, to whom we ar indebted for dgnificant addition to which force has been a French vorsion, nade from the caiga! Mustised from wavy different materials. chon, of the Treacy in question, which wo now pablish, accompanied to an Bagish translation†othes, for, while a guard of five disciplined sul- opinion of them, unwever, must be entertained by\n\nIt is curious and important, as leing ila\n\ndiers was tonerly considered accessly for the\n\nA better\n\nfuar days, during with a discovered alugekar | by China with an European sete en termo estive polieva is a destand suficient.\n\noldest axising Treaty of Corammere entered tuto protection of the Naval Stover, a less mumber of equality; in that of 1689, the result of p longed negotiations, trade i enly incidentally re- ferro to, and restrissed to duss who have port, by which it gara, dey come with pu missir.\" whale the poornble sets forth in objects he \"in order to repress the insoleace vi vortan oven, who, paving beyond the brands of their kudis & innt, rubled, muriced, and amitted other outrages; as also for settling the bouls between the two Expires of China and Russia and in short, to caraldish an everlasting Collectors of this sessie, for which, it le po good understanding,\"\n\nMy Smities the public have met annat efficient officer, whoar zeal ant activity were an\n\nnitting. Als espemeure Lad been sepiped' seed cry, and upards of ty during Twenty years' service in the London Folion (Chinese and foreigners) were saved but\n\nwhich Boty he was selectal as the most likely man to zesiel Ale May in parkening the duties [hers in a satisfactory manner; and to lús exer\n\nof the ships dechued the proffered aid from dread of salvagn, which book flies never bocu dreams of\n\nby Captain Gedney, who seems to leave tons may be atted is no sul degree, the actuated by the sings desire of alding me inery life and property enjoyed by the rest distress. We do not see however why he should des since la arival in de colong the pure not clima salvage, wyecially in cases where is services were asked for after being offered gradace of his experiors, as well as the exterm ago. Mr Staithere merited and concerned the surtously,\n\nand respect of those ter him, Chine Mul, September 7.\n\nà correspondent of the Friend of Clawn, speak\n\ning of the exertions made by the Captains of the receiving Ships, says,\n\nLOSS OF BIA KARIN CRISP,\n\ntee of site trupes any an art www.deThe Bruna Brett, foore Sway River, arrived on\n\nTeff donors sens byrgja un grabs, too notwithstarglice\n\nfatizante, and the weder a bear tailneny do the windvoe\n\nsudo cpirlity of Cantato di the pen for the actra anty vhcob te exercises in rareuing several 4.'hommen Sein the mrzechy, màn pebernian woki have mal wall unitary gras 19\"\n\nif we cannot be spared, it is high time the Ciel of the Face should imitals the Chief nf the Governcient al of the Military, by dispensing with the services of du en adring bu what is absolutely indispensable. We have for sonun sime past olaserved, whitt now forces itself move particularly an sur unties, that policemen are enpleed in collecting de Foam Tax, other. wise called the Police Rute. Mr May, it seen. and a clerk in die Land Offer, are wondínally the\n\nFused, des are said; bath we are not ware that\n\nEnt if these men are\n\nThis Treaty did not redound to the cruilit! tenet of county, and 6. wus was of greater im of Numa, which gava op its labos a large the work them,\"\n\nobjects for which it had waged a border way for portaus, the concord of wat niver Acur—\n\nny years.\n\nthey are thorized to soy Peter Constabl,-5\n\nto be employed, let them in the first place be pait for it, and the balance of the allowances apar plied to oviding additional privezomst to make As an accompaniment to the present Treas, the complement of efficient -Chime\n\nMetik, Argan 91. a brief way of the several Embossies from\n\nwe are kidly ludebe\n\nhero sta arge in the Colenia) Arcanul of 475 for a utile. Wo run only allons he ungod the Asta de la Société Quientale,\" and \"Mailia, mgh for the sales and the moment of paire portons be endre duty, thonga keperant, dies quite Hire Générale de la Chine.\"\n\ntamen to somiai hau da poncinały suchu ale at tight be The First Embassy Dog Kawia to the cut after to ache wit of au nd-mane and wider\n\npaid service. Peling, was in 1656, and nd for its nisject to\n\nif the night wadetronom zoop to buze kazn establish freedom et romaneres between two very inuet extended Poly, and moperly reg sen Fomin lea The Emperor (Slam elf diverted died less secure by jd n which we burn that a Store in de gaten of the sewu wan endotel last night--\n\nthe 16th, having picked up and brought to Hong kong the remainder of the crew of the large Sarah Crisp, which vegal wok fire 999) was afte mards cupstadt in lab. 10.56 Ny lưng, 114 20 By in her passage from Meulachi to Hongkong, with This strened with pepeks of 40ing ants and vargu ♬ Teuk ümber. The master and then i thas the Barcsinus slichki be seated with Low; the glass basing Gut this tee rentiss\n\nwere Be days on the wreek, with scarcely and and hedgaard placed over dur use appro- broken glas of a window a spot the Bevera provisions, and only a very litate rain water.\n\ned in with livin Thirteen of their wi ber perished-Chine Milied wirever they went-attenti hich\n\nsqetulla vigouJS September 14.\n\nAnd fartier aids,—\n\nown\n\nJurica, ned etary of the soles opposite to the slapping, belongiora izbe Capens the receiving tops, we d. It was a meat fearfu! and destructive Taifong \"\n\nWang At night the loner cheya waka sad) and heavy, with a great carry Hying fast in At 9 P.A blowing fresh, the upper sustum, with heavy gusts having a tendency eastward; nypesete' Vib A 11, 20.29. 28. 26.00 envy guns, with much rain and locked lighting. At 4, bluing a gale, with heavy rain-\n\nThe gardens bare safired grsally, During Thaesday and Friday to Brile alumn was felt the Goveitor of Macao, wiw And xal ou iu tue murang accompanied by a party. of ladies and gentlemen, on a plenos ip t the Nine Jaluids, as he did not retor that night, great fes were entertained for his safety, which were considerably augmented when, atte the storm hal moderated next day, there was still no appearance of diy bacellency in the course ofthe evening, after every sumaisu bad been exhausted, the party was descried in the Tana Fur, and before sightful they Innded anfuy from a Chinese hat. It was then explained, having made this sitempt to ever for Niine fatit they had to give it up after one or two moke; bui the boas being crable to eat the Playa Grates by blowing very heavy: Syupesameter 28.LU proceeded Typa, and the party buton at the Arieving hanler. At 1 29.20. A 12 Fort, where the whole of that day and the next 3.86 wind of moderate, guate oven were spent. They suppose the marions of the has it have been observed; but whetherally or not, it was hoposible to luvu made Macao The following Barometrical observatione, male during the storia, duure been obligingly placed at our dispost\n\nentil Friday sitewioon.\n\nFull advise the Barometre at Negão devise the Tangler Fist Agment, 1848 (The Instrumen during fine sather range from 133.)\n\nWied M\n\n2.35\n\n30.40\n\n1st Sept. 1. A.S\n\n130\n\n2.70\n\nThe Wind wuddenly calmed and the rule stopped.\n\n..\n\nIt wind\n\nDar still\n\n\"\n\nPreus ombe WAR do\n\nno wid Bar beglas LO LÁSC\n\nizrini.er et\n\n4.2\n\nSt galt fra the agni and\n\n425\n\nFar.\n\nBar\n\nOxle Icing and mucis vain,\n\n0.00\n\n2.in\n\n8,00\n\n$50\n\nx\n\nAnd mate cra.W\n\nWind\n\nGale mateù.\n\n59\n\n96.00\n\n08\n\nA CEM-33 N-Woon, the Taitoong ennineneed nu\n\n... the wind blowing from the North. The\n\nkların senas be have been at its light about day-\n\nlight, when the barometer had led to\n\nDuring the interval the wind shifted, but we have:\n\nnot ablained very precise information on the poin\n\nwada E.N.E. at 7, wind chopped sound te\n\nShipping, dongh a great many China are were The storm dora pet seem to live injured time destroyed, and the annoyed list shown that the\n\nhop onts uffered considerably : --\n\nLORD PALMERSTON'S DESPATCH ON ME ALCOCK AND THE TSING-POO AFFAIR, ¦\n\nSom cariosity has saturally been felt regueding the views for blajesty's Government wean tuin af Mr Alene vaares in relation to the\n\nBish\n\npeal to them, by wlisan dey were to be necan! Regularly the\n\nMANUFACTURM AND SALE OF GUNPOWDER\n\nSome months go, (China Mail, No. 165,) we had upension to rall ́atibution to the danger to which Cho Hinges were exposed from the existenca u Gunpowder mactories in dwelling-konses t public doughfare, and have been in hope that the foots then pihiced would had to better enforcement of the existing law, which we een erived to be seiflcient to aneac uie avil and ti\n\nwould probably have been willingy dispeased with. As a preliminary to negotiatioon, ja ww required and the Fussian monarch should te acknowledged on the vassal of China, and the presents had sent accepted as telate. To these conditions the Russian Ambassador would not accede, and he was therrione compelled to return one without having recomplished my Tring-pon affair, at as the local Government bas, thing, except to find us the kanpaior of China tol thought fes untie any nanou vennent en the. i was regarded as the supreme ruter of all the bjers were glad to have it in car power stations of the world. Niculoff, who was the et andereal dat Lori Palmersking in Peking steel to the Entele Minion, sintes et incline to think so, along it tach otherwe conademtion all the circumstances of the Êuse\"\n\nit was not bear the Rusiasts to know appoured to our Legislative Come we have as lid veleve him, approves of the subsfactory Jedge Dir ozuvchi to be the vassal China, ¦ debuutis special Ordîmenes to be called for. D sorbentent faitair which, in tess able hauls, that they were not received, bat beeze they der its provisions Gangwader is no longer to he might have taveled the country in enviours dif- wonisl not submit to the ceremony of invostituré, ¦ manufactored within iso mdes of the town of fenities at wala dins his Lordship does fall which lever amounted to the same thing, as Vietoria, ner within half a mile of any publicad justice to the fitness and address with which that would is offers luss boon the acknowledge and tus person is to keep in store over Twú Me Alesek cried out his mesures, he gives\n\nment of vassalage or dependence.\n\nPounds, if dre same bë not juported frota no enphatic warning against the presend uscep tional rasa long regarded as a pendent; and takes occasions to enjoin nou v Alevel and alt sher Consula a atriz maternity to the regula¦ tions laid down for their guidanc in such mati\n\nAs we have all along expressed, and still cut- unin, Coplas vegassing the soundices of the policy AL CANTON, the gale commented about 10 eu du posted by Mr Alevel, under all the circum- and inversed in Vistence ti è nes mcg stances of the case we um the move ceny to when it was at its height. Judang by the hammer the decision of iler Majesty's Goren urter, which did not felt below 1.16, the storms, which, qualified though it be, het begaly does it seem to have imen su violenta a Hongifig to the Cousal hins it, and satisfactory Roug, facau, and Can-slag moon; throgh of to the an eiled in his views.\n\nWith ward to the daree wv.rand emplahunta, course in the crowded river there was a fifni\n\nDr Salle, C.\n\nDe Se mye, in the outside di tut, and otherwise bach damage, buying dritted from her mooringa. Di Lowers, Instander, and house merried away. Di kryes, drilled bee tasks up the river-Gamaged. Il not a Tales's, she shigde of the lauqunuðir evening di the horried Lady.\n\nMoczny Cars walkinget! moms whin saving autern of\n\nthe s\n\nfor an extinto of\n\nbut we are mislite told not, inking for granted they had not Juss of tc at her, some accomɔis stating seeded the jucevrild Andel, noverthekas re numbers who perished at hundreds and others qrices of the Court to impress pha, and Diss. de ferter witten en the uning of possil who make ecurions into the couple ne sürer:ful, a whole the bases atmost dranspection the Ter describes de sorme. rerer being covered with the wrecks of the fragile: Seeing the conquences which many Row from Hower-one and smak raft, gust numbers of gorance, mismanagement, or was of presence mind, is the event of getting involved in al ! whitel were dashed to picces by the large jaaks,\n\nwhich, after being funest frein their crings, offray at a distance from the consults--flow were driven Fariously long by die wind and side, eff. September 1. destroying evore thing dat same in their way.\n\nSeveral Chinese sal wells in espised status were blown down, and die ravages the ardre were considerable; but upon the I whale we consider Canton we net exposed to the strength of the ilong The tide overflowed the gurdim, but it was not so high as has been ch served in June Poods.\n\nf the beautiful private Cutters on the riven\n\nMACAO, AND ITS SOCUZZTV.\n\n\"DA MAC,\" a venerable friend, scavely moro velebrated as do Arish than for his son- versational power, terms due tols cits, has boot\n\nHugh, le ofer fastall partitimere, quite as many of his visitors are been pleasure-seekers as patients. But to both he prescribes with\n\nThe Spend Baubossy, under. Thondure Alesies ¦ Burg viez biolowin, arrived'st Peking in Läië, dering the vigs of the Fanperor Kangels, and bad sor da sele objeen the settleman of the Frontier us\n\nhas been ready mentione\n\nThis is limiting, not extending the law of Eng land, to which such an exception as the one above quoted is unknown, and might navor to have been ikuntaven here The Governor and Compil The Third Mintas, under labente tilta, ar cannot surely be aware that in the event els dive rived at Peking in November. 1893, after a accidenta) explosion, much more danger is 14 journey through\" Siberia and Tartary of eighteen he sporel rozled frina stocks of ingrated Gwapo. months. Theobieta of the Early were chiefly der heid by inbriidal Lauropods within deci egnanc veini, hot it does ant appear to have con premises, than from all the rest pat together nail saceful, atthough lebeauty, in his out of his thus the erection of a magazine the engulary Embassy, alleges that i was received with the reception of such socks is quite as unich edled ceremonial observed in Faron; and tips, lactonday a rostrictions in Chinest dealer of unpasiting his credentials upo Teie nu\n\nthe sain of Cheapgwder, however, is a d'fferent sely prepared, he placed them upon the Thurs, affair from its juannfectare 5 anal while the fortune fuck in the presence at the Papazior. fun, it i shod be subject to regalation: whjel. have been rempehulde that this convession on a pubist of proved to be efficiout at home and in other onde creamy annust have been the only advantage ties, dus katur me rougie, ought to have ben gained by the Aubondo\n\nentively praibited in Sin claid. For thoug The Fourth Embassy was that of Tanneuff in sibi pejnice to see uny Manel of honest in 1720, rendered famous, wat so much by its edustry eneralaged, the manukastaro of Gaga, Helens bet ne wader that cargory. Blig cessful tits, an by dia ndanivable seront of is given by John Bell of Autamm, the calcied as selgively by despernes, who attendat, and in das Jaune Lange, she Secay of the mission, who continued as c'e sident at Peking he nearly two youn, mit the clear at the lung and enlightened wign of Rasghi. The boy was that ' Windlielawitele, deepatolod in the fast year of the reign of the\n\nbe permitted to eres powder skif day could suffered to live- Trey come here neause hidhurts they sta Teen Interfere with, and their only must Jove on pinggir, f. test encourages thus fordel to such\n\nsacation\n\nit ngre than: csual request during this summer, Kaspress Catherine of Russia Alter arranging to rework to Hongkong has been even\n\nthe important renty of Klakin, tue Araneador dost expo, in luch for proceed to Peking, where he arrived a 1728, on useless Aves love one bor during the reigns of Yungeling of China and Indeed, Int for sub wings, j\n\nwould either lave Lego enforcod, w not one has to us ape, an the foll equal succus aforeing cool litoses ant pleasrat Peter 11. of Resia, Five grani saptansy, an\n\ndrives by the one, and picnics, escais en fact Mandarins with &maneens actingo made\n\non busine, and evening guities, for the easy 8 Porskega precelent promegalo\n\nPo many of these sufrentages, we need which has not keen since followed with Tires, or waverly say the community is indebted to the any other emetry Pent invernor, who has done nence for the\n\ning zomeration will shew:-\n\nat song-The thing and Dragon alterated, and\n\nCynha 15 pic\n\nAt My act sand, the Mrytower distanzzed,\n\nwid tying \"gh and dry the Na Tu Ajda\n\nJost.\n\nA Cupha-singe (moza- Tire Fille and Wizard illam na\n\n-\n\nLOSS OF THE GUNBOAT.\n\nNEATH OF JASPROTON SEPTHERS AND OTHELS.\n\ntruly\n\nThe extent of damage sustained was very as the morning of the Stat sits, the Unit\n\nand the following notes on the subject we gire with a minber of convalescent police on board der charge of Mr Smithers, the Juspoetoe, MAS\n\nnearly no sent to us --\n\nPs in\n\nDu several important respteis l'it's That now a not some ti The Sixth fanbasar was that of Ripolall, who i view or whieht at any rate onght o place in is adversity. Ihan ever did any rifle i obtained an audience, it is said, sulanising to view-unless indeed in Colonial predecessors 10 ils ont jalmy days of pusties pertueen the Katow, but wilhant offeesing the exercise of the extenordaang diserta\n\neununercial objects of his roission. The Seven sabagay was that of Golowkin in the dv The ever you of\n\nIn allting in the Brasty of Macas, the paluations, to calls balvined, glet to be specially mentiunt. Touto ata ai preseus, or were the early part of the ani, de the\n\nToner, Spankh Planetertiary, and a Fronti Fury, with Cursule me than we can read an e Dean he English Plenipostiary,min_lies a\n\nuse dister of the Feuvinte, sa American Cor\n\nDuring the night evarul vessels drifted and especcited for a craizo round the istamil, on this which is was exportal wou's bars whim how\n\ncame into collision. After midnight the receiving otarial Socommendation that the Bish\n\nTo will be obterved that chuse obstactone on the should have the best of a charge of suiche Liesonant Governus uf 31- p-wan, and sailed again with a light breeze\n\nileenses\" altoptike.\"\n\n\"sebeze\n\nin the ma\n\ncharitie\n\n-, the reizas the Emporero Alexciler, fran: the recriptines of persalis stungileen mission that had ever bun des plients For the ren pooried to Peking; but sinc\n\nof Busula nel saking of China. This w19 bo not Legalistet is to donor dues per\n\n赤\n\nsumbuking aswynesia of Tronne.ill ebjost je ks halding such stents passiesin\n\njudividual, which, scised at they give in\n\n1 In Chan, No. 188, S. 21, weekly in 199 Ten- Sha, the Fon of sitario? Man Ven sing, or Buup, and foun her of the rest synasty not act hisa only the world.\"\n\ncourse of the wind, da cut eailedly euincila theAtner of the saine day Ge uscitared at Shark- sudicions se form a Cangram, whom the athias of me praming the throne, pro kammed Taspirar.\n\nTabia given below\n\nCentor wenid jeubsidy bo prisely Discusand an al resin in any Capital et 11: Cot head of Furie\n\nupon perusal olservation, uni ühte wor\n\nfinal through the agency ten, m25 20-7\n\nIt is the is at Kochant, we\n\n· 1971, 1\n\ncards fure, is lonistkeen it plicare te doliches.\n\nin eating amoy of what ought und dụ kun silent to exist at all, and whien, wa shwarve, fo not intended to augment the rovare of the Colony-Chine Mof, September 7.\n\nCONVOY.\n\nExpetency jy is per\n\nOverland China Mail.\n\njust in from the falls of the rat preling that this general law for th wiale of tissement\n\nCina Proper is slightly modified in its total ap war how more nei cerk of such force, that day ¡iorura su i vestonelladry by all an is of whatrasver d plication, Me Mews illustrates this vi\n\negy mi ar se ruployment of conveyn, the legelg\n\nFATE OF 1. & M. RUSTOMJER & Che\n\nby wklition to the Brig Cursair, which was toll\n\nJ\n\n70\n\n::\n\nDIEN-UNION 50%, took al 24:43 werly at 56 and upwards un teu- Kaunas Krag-- imer's rws all out the heavy ring Eply, when prices docu materialy. To day rates o. Patirt\n\nHere 406, wild where acllers than balbers\n\nKXPORTS\n\nCeston Instruti Ciapunyih mom the sme[aprovement in the\n\nhis subjurt by ample references to a Ciness work for $100, the flowing Shares Volonging to the (wat deel is to allow twich of authority, titled The Provisional orkestate of D. & M. Rustomjee & Company were\n\nwestriery under, both faz suctions and Regulations of a Proviner of a disposed of by the nation today abel for low casetion ece which may in fa\n\nenglished so recently as 1848, by the chief- un\n\nFun Sannes sha Cufon. Inntrare tiompany of infracluf time owns and mastery flamebox, mathorities of that province. These extracts\n\n10 per cent premium and tre estos interester, LELS Kacolle love sug this throw ach light on the uusi interesting bench desene, which will be posted! as the mural places “\n\nof the say, which well deserves the rive -Chimes #au, September 7.\n\neversideration of states Gugland, who will\n\nworkable all fair the as of they now presed conferring tenant-right on the calvat, ame\n\nNa 130 le pon them by patriotic theoriska. tual remedy for the exits of Ireland costki he de- vel ban for one government to carry out the branch of their sales, which was to able ma to dent with wasto and neglected property in that\n\nTw\n\nhere fud a pin for rendaiting waste lands, al pail thurell\n\nANOTHER OU PRAGE COMMITTED BY A\n\nis offering some remarks upon the Convays of the Chinese juides, (Chion Mus!, No. 173, June 1,) we addvevd several instaneca of \"acts of prescimaudite Begality denounced in a recent Proclamation of Z de Plenipotenary, one of them referring to the master at a Porlangese lorelki, why wa presume, is also the hero of the following narra Live:-\n\n\"About the middle of July, (the 18th) an Italian, belonging to Macan, and Jean Baptison Balilo, tetas constituting into the highest mastup of the Paringaese force No. 30, explayed watch a despot cand inwow. Those to convos jauks between-cow-food made the greatest progress in Riversture, and scout-5, ut non allow it to be altivated and men were considered mnat slig ble for office, who\n\npo, appeared at the Purelor consulate vi ledge\n\nPURCHASED RANK IN CHINA. The Chinese Goverment, instead of promoting a privilege clasee of tukility to permanent rank In the site on arennat of Bluetions Ules, vol.\n\nexpected that individuals should toil for years\n\nàomplaint against the inhabitants of Kwen-toll, hy competition proved titis, it could not be aired in the same way on is done in ('am.\n\nin to try study of Chore liceatus, without property by reclatning uticalitate! But, in very\n\nTrouble.\n\nThere the low as to the aequsition of landed\n\nin the ontkowy de lintin Steam Facket\n\nC\n\n150\n\nTXA-site for tongue was exceedingly dul uncil arest of the Sunior, since wichtige zon. rection has taken place, and to shop ch 1ied as the above the current ratca of last one: This may be or\n\nt, comeined whth the boroflu despatch. The quits of pa estined left. I shout, 100, wo-thirds being Tichows DA Meaiad, the balan Kaira sd Singhs- dexiptons Quotations dr Tachish tear and Moning te 10 a 20 tele: flows 135; ha\n\nand Simbakes at 13 a 17 Of old Tetings taken at 12 Cuk; 14 or 5 semai Kavel un chens mettle at 2450 ls, Ib yai seld. Flowery Pekoe mkages add a 31 62\n\nChange Plus 18\n\nestad Teas sins of its passtee\n\n22 1\n\nir cominal; good to superfue at a 39: F owns Cuper, 2000 trazity boxes ady tacks, Plain Orange Pease and Caper, Su bar choes of the Serie America & I tela D' the later one chra 850 Le racy texes bas sen\n\n[ k sh bag to market whi\n\n14 cacle to or key, (71) Ning Yongs, V., the market pretty firm, though Rostams roths easier 12 have been sub ted to; and toned, there accros but lile Joues that the Tesation will coat lower prices: full supply it is thought will come forward. The quantity id this month 100 packages Ankel\n\n1213 acis in Yors and Kaleo teas 23 in for the rond Reversion of slegs 20\n\n10\n\n--China Mail, Beptoraker 21\n\nNEWS OF TE DAY. a village about swenty mais distant from Fon- (Chiefly from the Peking Gazais. } chow\n\nHe stated that on the Cay previous, bis forcha oking for sine rantation for their insan iborat. The calvatur pays nothing for it, and is ordered to give in a daily report th\n\nCANTON, By ew owlinance, every innkeeper the mraugy being anchored off the village, six of his Chinese\n\nWhilst this arrangement therebre en is even allowed to enjoy the profice of the set! for who lodge with him, specifying their empley and er went on shore to make parehases, taking sure to lend me employmen, in the publisters of years, before he is called u to entzia oder irticas. is regulation is pro- with Gora alone 10 or 12 dollars. Upon tour service, it kept alive as emulation to become\n\nbute to the revenue of the country i land tax, pusty enforend, it will greatly assist in driving ing payoent for what they bough, the villagers acquainted with the works of the ancients, there\n\nthe sanates as proprietors who have inherited away the vagabonds a rulliane from the pace. refused to take die dollura, alleging they did not pecorating cute principles, and supporting or purchased their lands. Those who have fee rabbers have tasty so funch increased, inat\n\nGeir systara as du malterable isis of society know their proper value. This gave occasion to\n\ncursions up antea river many have obsered the Prefect has called apn the intubilants to and upwards is rugam The lock of all kinds, The descevi. angry works, and a soulle onseed, get up, Baliclo well as of wininistration.\n\nmirers of marsh and on allevial banks in the ranize a system of self-protection. professed to believe, for the purpose of sing the meritoriyas hearins night however likewis\n\ncourse of being galed from the river-passages avilnes. His men had the worst of the tray, but share in the higher expoluments; while tho\n\n1c96 Sea, the new governor, has been raised five Bribordinate oiliers were fille by met wito head\n\nin the manner saertoned by these laws.\n\nBras and recorded three times, for having sent a two of them crespol and reported the cimum- Rent in Me and Youniaga wil and fellow. The next division of Mr Meadows paper patriotic contribution of 10.00 trucks to relieve stanede in their clamander telling him that their peut greater part of their lives in uflicial describes that tear by which the win,\" compsations were in imminent danger. Upon this, Altre high and intial situation, he prople, as distinguished in the marine of that wines.\n\nthe starring people of Ho-nas, he being native Balioto armed himgoit with a musket and beams? with how exceptions in favour of the Manschoos, and soldiers, hold the great bulk of the real pro- were awarded to use who had proved themselves pert contains in the eighteen prices of sued a very severe proclamation age: the while provincial judge of Kwang-tung to the stove, where, ou attempting to land, he was asle by the villagers with kuihoos, swurde,\n\nman of antiving dingence and folid sequiremen China Proper.\" This, At Meadows kas maradile estem of drowning turale auss, and and swach. I order so intimidate the crowd, be\n\nin librature. Suli was the theory-China w\n\nIt is very simple, the thened to visit the perpetrators of suen deals be ruled by scholars and savaA. sired over their heads, hat din fablog to produce\n\nFran this fundamental principle, a great devices sulely, of the payment of an anausia, modered a sun or grandson.\n\ndeaus caning chiefly, and is the studio pass with the atmost penalty of the law, ta if they had the desired effect, he tool: aim and fired a scom time, but cute not say whether or not the ahotiation is now made, thu consequences of which and of fees or alisaation; the latter being of Chung, the ngistrate, ins issued several pie mast sooner or lator clage the wile face of the course only payable when the property is first bitious against kidnapping and syliig children, kiled or woude any one. He however contriv\n\n\"Common Tenure.\"\n\nconsisting\n\nBuy\n\nonly transactions have been to Centon\n\ngisters of up wet, ht 200 15.2% ai Neb\n\nF of one sisell dip of the new Tanging bare ben HAWTc possa care, Tries about 200 bales, eldar Sig for os, and not frow I'm a bake, held a The prices of to have advanced in need of a parsint is in the cup-we jote No. 1, 2918:2, 2304; 3, 13:2\n\nSeo-See No 1. S down to 15 for o Caverjar Candy 69507935\n\nIn other Export cling toug EXQUANGE\n\nfl. Loxtos, utlening. A l'ew go\n\n2019 at 6 th\n\nsich have bags dizel of of 4/1 4/2.\n\nO Ia Compay sacepusil, 213 214. f.co, 21983. Stue, & per cent. FREIGHT.\n\nTo fato, ekipe abundant a £4 Ta PosIDAY, 20 cente per pic for dead weight\n\nFONGRONG. ORIENTAL BANK BATES OF EXCHANGE OR LAND, & mor thự sight 3,144\n\nÚALGUTT Rd Pharma S days sight 216\n\nપ્રા.\n\ny\n\nZHANGHAL MARKET.\n\net tu carape to his niche clong with his men, to entry, si produce radical location in the bined. Els from the local mandamas ro\n\nthe worst description llave trade. à regaine whom were Roverely wanted; and upon his Gevnument. For talent, money bas gradually garding this x are occasionally alfabed in\n\nteath of this kind is carried on to a great extent. been baituted, and aportan appointments This Mural under the head of Chinese Dar- arrival at Fou-buw, having no representative of his own country to apply to, he tartrated the fall to the bigest bidder; wealth is now more responden\n\npowerlini han birth and nesor listments, and British Culto take down his statement, in\n\nMr Meadows then proceeds to Alienation.\n\nKris-To prevent inroads in their country, order to meet any entry cue that might after- the custrine of the realm will beneforth be a being the dard and last of sin divisions of the Kircus duserted the whole aorth western warda be mule où, the part of the Chinese, plutary. The transition has been graded at Busjesz. It is, however, ut conectand is the trac: which borders spet Matcheria. The\n\nSucks Batiola's account of the atlair; but\n\nfirst randored absolutely necessary by the s\n\nChinese government appears aarious to meet writer's remarin on this point he wishes of the reclase people, by prohibiting present all of a drycription of the end of of the exchequer. Office were sold, fav lirought farther information gave a very different aspect\n\na rury kuge sum into the treasury: The reven both to its origin and to the part acted by himself.\n\nSale, of which a translation as well as facsimile is\n\nvagabonds from multivaning the land, se squatters failed, stone were disgond of for money to The Chinese Disicist blagistrate, having learned fill my the deficit; in case of an exigeasy, cucharist document giver by the seller, specifying bees on the barren wille, to cultivate the virgin on the frontiers Buder these the poor Shin-se given. Il consists of two parts; the fret, a mn- that he had been at the Comsalute, caine hærs to\n\npantry are comprehender, who leave their war, irodatiet, or starvation, the Guvertacus the causes of the sale, the nature of the property, wil of Kirs. They are however too explain that Balida and his red were sinne to blame, and therefore begged that he might be had rose to the sale of res; unier all and the terms of the ugreement; the second, and persevering to be replied by mere prohi- desained until tail investigation was nizde. The\n\nfinancial difficulties, this was the grand panaces. printed form attached to the other by the logissey enactments. There is auther ordinanc In the course of time the system has buen esta magisarate. It is this, with the official sela in wien forbids them to clear the wil na the Consol gave vie Magistato understand Cazzi lio\n\nblishing, a detailed list of regulations is a pressed on the two at gives legal validity a border Fast of Kirin and Le-awa-tong. The had no power tu da ho, as none of the parties ty Paated wors Buitish subjects; but he agreed to\n\nput forward, assigning to the Mandarins by pur the transaction. The two together,\" says Mr Jatter district, though the patrimony of the vding Send for Haltolo, who came and repeated his evner\n\nchase their proper position. The rules fil an teadowform the only Title Feed Tegally no lauteten dynasty, is now untirely in the possessi Patire Pekin Gazette, red if carried out to the scary of tus property careyed by the hat of Clingsu agriculturists. These Be injuctions will ary. Next day the Curse Magistrate reburned the Consulate, charged with a palis meusage\n\nlester, will undermine tin whole theory of Gea facite sourity against depute, the per-probably rogain and letter, as great masse goods are quoted at 7915 a 25- from his super love. w leg of Mc Jackson to i-\n\nvernment. The rh the cational examinations chaser usually demands fies the salter the end of string human being pour mainly into th shillarity; but dat gentleman could\n\nfor singling out talent tor da publie acyvize stil of Sale executer when the property was eca only repeat Must as British Causul lie was proclud-\n\nexist, and though men who have distinguished themselves are promoted even to this day, yswners frequently, these ne fe set of dende in into a garden. At the splitting of the Magistrate, ha vever, he consented to take down the evidence enflected by\n\nas oficial, which vets to this eff\n\nalloy is the most powerful lever a lift them and winoul it die most perfert scholar way never\n\nTrain clerkship.\n\nIt is not exactly a new mode, having been o\n\nall had resurse win gases of ergency; be in so farmer period of Chiuess history was it\n\nAz ailway took place at a village cubed. Kwon- Ton, which is situated arear the sater's edge, and beg oly a sides distance from the opŕuni ships, is lequently visited by their evos Buzopositaet ever reduced to so complete a system: as at the are therefore conman visitors, and the pressure prosent day, Any hedy may purchase in the pened no selvation or unfriendly feciagnitaries, sud the mat inworthy strive for the was unlikely, therefore, thing the viitagern would, gliest distretiens Men of scobity have e\n\nmustrated against such prcecodinga, asachvers ve withnet, offer helt stilo resis of all gust dreymeal, and introducing\n\nthus often collected in the bands of the existing propriewe.\"\n\napite of the government, soon change the dai\n\n(September 6, 1648) INYOHTS BAS STINGS- the let alinan the Asian have coon about 30.900 ! OLO im.\n\n25,000 piss Frith Their presun salud 20.500\n\n28705\n\nfo 67 catly Grays, and 22905 be good ident\n\nWhite.\n\nA xvs-- Of Datinge 9,000! prears of sũ yửa, goods as a sold this man se 1995, 2b. hase were sold, 2018 153 easy Sheet picers still fee light gouds, vod 250 2520 for the heavy . The demand fully suplied for the present.\n\nCoron Yaxs-Has been Rold lately to some extent, it being used with Silk for manufaccúm of a\n\n3ve us Nos. 184 SI Ave Lezght falvi tor\n\nIn limite demand at NA Ord. Salz of abrip Enriel nor reported vi our quotation.\n\nSeaman Syatees -The sales cons to 9300 pieses 18:05 to 1975 pood.\n\n470 piecsa sold at 205.30, which is then pre- METALAI-Notes, dut at 350. Lek-$10\n\nPIRACY. We tend a long memorial from the It is pretty well known here that Chinese in ans, are in the hair of depositing the Tite which he represcuts the meritorious effort of embarrased circumstances, or who want to raian Governor-Gearral of Fahon nad Che-keaug, in Deers of their real property as security for money, several naval heroes for the suppression of piracy foreigners being sindira the depositarian the cost of the latter province. Judging froun Motulows's papce, therefora, especially wish the tone of the paper, he wishes in encourage adition of the facsimiles, presses some stiers to similar exploits. There is little drakt practical value for the meantile members of thie hat the Englian cruizers have a great share in these trips, for which the Celestials receive | all the credit.\" In reading stel, a representation, Man mauso drwy from it for the Wassiles at refer to the rare the world imagin that zones is done to put a Custom is worte. 250, actions. No snad diffieslty wns experienced in stap to the evil whilst it is in realty word tan geting the excented, and so many of the best, and increasing to a lenchalantent. Tie von\n\nsentences will soon be seen, in the total ruin of Bok-entres in the City refused the employment,\n\nBad ise kui experiencel Met the fact and rapacity: you thob vesis dipity; althougù, we conez:52, men more\n\nbenra\n\nSOCIETY\n\nMR. VELOTUS'S JAFAR ON LAND TENUDE IN CHINA.\n\nwas, that the seamen of tim kural, instead of pur midst the general scramble for purchased erui- closing proviskonts had gone to honso of li! Br, in there created a law, which the pale the true 1vors of their comry for with\n\nThe result ca only be detrimental, onl ¿ttempted to quent, and would have succeeded, And the master the torch, acengal by lengken to the future.-Chian Heil, Sept.\n\ntwo or three orige armed Eispeans, not il-\n\nnarut. The villages were abarmen as their, CHINA BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC eprengaver, amk avapted to pet them of Pos instead of retreading and sing the seamen Tartine Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society with them, which ting til det easily bare doue, ha med i Transcretions for the first year good deal employed by foreigners, had the pacerse Cinese bave recently adopted measures fur they feed they maskets in the air. This valy casperated the people, who attempted to beat off! the mailusta, while Baiolo, having reloaded, kim and fired offence think anse, by which one was kiki mul noster desperately wearebod. The party then went on heard their tored\n\nHaving stated these efremstances as the result adus inuigations, the Chinese Magistro wea deeirona cart the offenders should, i' possibla, be take to Macro in a British versel of War; bib AS\n\npicts sold; present quotation ea 6810, T- thecanner 213: Straits 188.\n\nSex Wales of 1000 picats. Straight sticka at work). per pul\n\n542966 AD-th Fes Island good 75; ordinary 15* és por ticut.\n\n23s; Vanila AASIA & 4005 for common to bat\n\nPeren-Salas of Mac. at 5649 per piel.\n\nZebe 247, and Trai\n\nOrux-Tiere has been a large busines? one during the past onlb. l, watol was as low at 7-2g, Ta ray to 770 and 7909, at which it\n\nmated sterd;. Paina has bion feels\n\ntitle\n\npast week has bought a decline and $5196 i now the art pica The aport Yau been a chests of all kinds, and the clearances rather more than Es; to ha÷the stocks are reduced sororwhat mou fast munih's stali\n\nEXPORTS. TEAR-About 2 elops of Conzon have been settled 5 19.25\n\n19 al fur the best of 102 The Tay for isown, and 10 x 13 19 aumptious,; bu 6000re wastly o\n\nthat is was hard that ude of executing them the wide varias convience; even now nas nge- half of the junks that formerly navigated the must be abandoned; but at lengli one an un- tortor the work for 2 large price. At the end coat, are to be seen, and even these carry only of a week, however, he als reined the peers, cheap and bully articles, the loss of vassche by blocks. Ultimately an outside man, who is a Raying that he dared not the say money cat the ends of the baniers being so very gmat. that no valuable cargoes can run the gundet.\n\nand although the volume is not a very bully one, jint into his hands, and weld what he was 20, the suppression of pincy, but without foreign aid the contents say of au interesting nature, affords without asking in whether he was willing or\n\nthen sus tay be donated). valuable information on subjects raportens in\n\nSa-pong-tuan, the daging pirate from Chek ehu, not. He was penbably more under the feas of themselves, and duct which He is known offending a gondenser than of being dete^keů who took possession of several forts on the exEL among foreigners. For the sake of those who by his own country; int though he did ex- near Toupas, with all the guns in thena, F: are not members of the Society, we subjoin a sure this cutting, he would not print off the delics the local government. The natives Lave Table of Cuteuts\n\nengine, or even sund hone the block, wach row been prointed from fersishing him will PRELIMINARY ADDRESS: by the Iridaat, SAB\n\nsupplies, in order to starve him into submission. wero got only by being sent for. Jalan Pearen Day. Barnet, F.R.S. THERE AND A\n\nNo autopt was he got stamps executed He will however with his wild camarades try MARK ON THE BENUISITION, COMMON-in imitation of the erals, of which unpress likely help himself, and make an obsinat resize the uning kas yat budu doar preter to H. 11. Consulate, Canton.\n\ni market\n\nbent 00 pachugus Crter, Traverted, mostly Teping and enter sherbet 2 48 65 cars for fine Grunder, 26ncials and 9-1 for\n\nmarket at been maite for the 2 superial Young Hysany of the Twsday kind: 24628 tacks for fair Single Gaupowders For the Angri\n\nin\n\nይ) .ii\n\nThis could not be done, le paposed to convey the 13 C, 15 PROPERTY, appear on the avigno! Deed-Ford, where it kiss snes, unless bought over. He is well kran. A RAW St.-So 10 contrusts are reported. Abent\n\nprincipata by chair overland. Upon meewashiuya- lu No over, it was thoughts et excitement night | rinna íe eroded ating to route which would expose the prisoners danger, and he was there- Fere wing allow them to proceed to Maeso in tanie own Toren, the Chinees placing a guard on Boord. An alternative was suggested, ad peristips! the most satisfactory arrangement under the cir ethnames, thak Mainio, ni beu of other procecil- ings adust hun, should be called agon to unke some provision for the family of the man he had killed\n\nOn the 15 the Magistrale returned, and re- ported that the higher anthorities were dispose:l to deal leniently, but in Bue present size of oxcite mont, puemniary compenastion was out of the question. But if Haliole would agree to go over- 11, he alwall be esrayed under safe candnet, and not weabed as a criminal and be prosecdeá in has own vessel, it would be proper at an officcy and attendants shool Lavonny lim. The f gistrate als required she of thể thi tese crew in Le sont un glure, in order to compare his cvilince with that of the villagers.\n\nnesaswa, Bag., Interi\n\nOn the Acquisition of itgal Prunerty-Rognitions For the Cultivrition of Alla stat Tevaloids the fold vation of Werte Govciment lands: Da Commun Teen: Q ARenation -Deed of Sale- Pord-od. A MIORT ACCOUFT OF A VISIT TO THE HOT PGINGH OF YONG MAR; by J. C, Bawang, Esq.\n\nAnalysis of the Water.\n\nA TREATISE ON THE GONEAR SYSTEM OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOOY by W. A. Han\n\nPart), Anator-Part 2, Physiology.\n\n.D.\n\nNOTRE ON THE TSIRN, OR GOPPER CASH OF THE CHINESE: SC. B. Housa. Ten, Chef Magis- Trade of Hongkong.\n\nLe minst ForgNTS\n\nON THE MINEN OF THE ORINESE PAPIRE: the the AA GUT, Churae try to\n\ndocere\n\nierendene!: China Proper-Go Minas River Ninesfran Maos Copper Mine-nick- silver and above Clanahar Min\n\nOF PROCEFHINOS\n\nAng Amicie Socrity of Chinn-Office-bearen\n\nfor 847-fur 1848.\n\nREPORT OF THE COUNOH\n\nAPPENDIX.\n\nthe counterpart; and it would certainly save waters as a desperate vagabond. been unsuccessful, as persona farging such scala are punishable by dongation, immediately upon receiving the confirmation of the sentence by the | Criminal Board, which must be specially applied! for. It would therefore be highly biamentie to\n\nCANTON MARSET. (September 27, 1848) IMPORTS. Dorotðar sket eligws au adarce in the voice | of siis article,\n\nbuy cause! by ans\n\nan increased demand for Foreign\n\navo nave, to parade any as a little, it seemed of the pactal fellure of the active in work of this description. In enitting the\n\nDan during tuvath have boos,—2,400\n\nusing are, there was nothing striedy illegal, bulion Monday, and a 7 0 for old, and to 4 8.3 for new\n\n1,000 barus Bëngui, al 8.2 u R1 for all. 8si a 0.3 for new hut time toumaction if detector big involve and 2,400 Faders, 615385 for old, nu 973 an in serious difficulty. I would look suple now. Tho g is our osnal monthly statement ~ ¦ efoun, and the cirenmatter of the employer being a foreigner would not probably un iegarded my excurs. --China Mau, September 14.\n\nUNITED STATES CONSUL\n\nJ. N. A. Gaworu, Esq., has been appointed Consul for the United States at Shanghoë, in the room of Caleb Lyam of lyonsdni, hug, resigned, --China Mall, September 21.\n\nSustains for Perure Disoussion: List of Members MATTER EXTRACTED BY THE LEADING LONDON JOURNALS FROM NEWSPA PURS IN THE EAST,\n\nthe Society in 1817.\n\nThe panor by Mr Meadows which stands at\n\nFORD\n\nNesty 2015 September\n\nkey limg\n\nSk\n\nBetul,\n\nRocha. Bulc, 7,4\n\nMadras,\n\nរូ6,-i ឬ\n\n44.8 €3,77\n\n7,6\n\n2.0INI\n\n1,376 2,\n\nAmerican, u nea Shanghas,,\n\n2,370\n\n2,\n\n100\n\n모유\n\nTO\n\n..-.-\n\n----.\n\nWitch in the interior go forward per e\n\nAunts of a short orop are cârra. ed, and escalinae firm in their demands to high prices\n\nEXCHANGE.\n\nOn ESGANG, nominal «4 42 10 4/5.\n\nFREIGHTS.\n\nTo Exalu, nominal at 4/16. bips would ined full cargo gladly at less\n\n•\n\nFrem our MANILA Correspondent. September 17, 1818.;\n\nIMPORT\n\nAt this season of the year tas market is commonly in 40 377 a raty dull stato, but as present it is more than mua!} Ew the cavy stocian care costiarily re 5,167 ceirley didous. The Yuencia Tom Singapore 175 Line of British gods, and the Concurd and St Pavaro the United States have the into ste markyta lieagy lot of 16 pics AUSKICAN BROW SI 400 ps of Darte, part of which have ben sokk ut $94 in 10 yds of the frier, and $2 for 2 yils of the liter; and a father recessio 13 expected per Propratt9. Hair 2 CECTUS --\n\n555 1,181\n\nTotal Bale, 1,438 2020 57.619 77,437 69,113 Sport kan verehressa in blog ofte by improvers don In the math he is elit, he Time Then the digkeiten Sah on the now, s, ir lie il trejur , del pike Stel ja mina inanajer 2 Pack itu saya, sahil nani kawęd |___Bose Chopra--In Betle desand at ageren:ed mates. for Tely, vix-16,600 plecus Grere at fur emang, 2.30 Tio vady salon which have been made were excite\n\nre 25-10); 02. a Oik weight.1g7 catii. 230 20: and 75%, 975028 lindres hice have bood dioned of at 915 3855 for con, 250 2970 for\n\nsales are reported of\n\nsome 200 pu» z+§3a $35. axording to youli'yi tor\n\nstar respos the inpert arket is dull, and the sy cecite of ajnost every article of consequenc\n\nEXPORTS\n\nSome port and perchases have hech made of Current Wayne at 53 aid at $35, deliverable within a short time, and the dealyts, in condequeue ef these car suctions, diansol to halit out for\n\nwho are asking\n\nall\n\nATE i was on nnivated by the Coosal to the nester of puncher lovela, No. 13, who came to the\n\nthe head of the Bat is a masterly mac, written 1s turning over some old numbers of the Bombay 661 and R 280 for 7 day for intelligence, and to state that his friend with great precision of myle and chee adherence Saliole had determined to posed to Maces to the street, the nority of which is wis mate has reference to a portion of 1845, bus what par- and aaolib in Ali to 27.063 paces, at 28 a 250) kr 20 in Jantalons There is a nud\n\nAMMAN DosThe sales at Strille during the muath Times, we came upon the following Table, while | having already lifted his chor and dropped down\n\nhave been chify to speculators, sist at reddoud cas, beinn the Chinese slipping. He declined to sedemies meal facts or elstituting me writing for\n\nthe occasion for building ignory theorica on tin dues not appear: we presume the second yards, and Ste 8 for 40 yards ads. Jeans in deal of Zeb stored by the hoitors, wh in of be wrew on shôn, thas hicing meressary, So, through his end of No. 18, he admitted the account of what occurred as given by the villagers to be the correst one, Balíolo profossing to have been fortarly misle by us men, whic\n\nder to adnit their having originatel tie bmw! to explain ia cause addo that the fact of having been accompanied by other foreigners when he wont ca love, we quite true. Hugh he paser entire, instead of setveting extracts,\" Do future occasion we shall rotund to the Trimes died to ten it in Instant to the tone, which contaio, jesides a peer on the Cons?\n\nquarter. Fet however that my be, the Table is exacu-10 pieces sold a 24 Sheraz no. 92, and me purchases have been made for the gland shows the fuss Mail to have even then kedator Ya Phu sales of English have been 1,500 beets 4293 per post; but the demand for\n\nthing doinu-prices nominal ut 2875.\n\nat $1- and titereabouts Pampanga ustayed haw fourth aring thirteen Oriental Papers published holes-N 10 24, 25869308.30 24 a 53, 3154 Aussaat stack at present, and my voels loading fac\n\nand 2389 h 348 Prosent etiel: 214 bales. 1583 gameICT.\n\nsubstantial informou, after a fashion to com- mon with contributors to leaned Sueleties. In the hands of a more dxcursiva writer the matter of the present Esny would probably have van tiscale to the reader. spne out to twice the extent, withag! being so s\n\nAnether advantage of\n\nthis condensation is that it alles us to give the\n\n1 baca of 13lan Toy My Gutelaff, nahor on a sud\n\nOf course the authorities Have heard nothing jeet still lesa hiwe, by Dr Hesland, Chisere ince of Balin, who is not at all likely bentory and Phyridongy, which deserves more his purse to lacan, where the Governor of that Province would doubtless take the opportunity\n\nChua euch a cursory notice as we coull now give it clear up the ocenities of the Probation Medines prices to dab of the Acquisiting of After intercinetory crvation Me pomulgated in the Buiesim do Governo, about retine sa sinar waning was kained by the British Penitentiary. Gdy stray anherz\n\nin India, China, and the Straits.\n\nProportion of Mulder extreeter tos: forces\n\n·291530: 98 n\n\nagain bal at the slave Salsa rebutted of avern: thousand pieuse at $56 factiu leur than . A quantity is d by the agent of the Proridin wines, whie cold sobald he bought at tia fast gantalin, although half\n\nreal atov: iced.\n\nTIG: last year. 500 les Amerings Ware sold in the mara of bugs the monais at 278 21350 for No. 15 25. WOODLES% little macul-2000 CDs States STRIFE have been told als\n\nIhre 16-20\n\nNarning Wipers in the west of the Judía, la volează, (Auvny a portion of 1849.)\n\n(Fam \"De Benley Tim, Dersler 13, 1917.)\n\nReal Property in Chine?\" and apon this point Bombay Times. states, that \"real property can at pressul only bo\n\nTelegraph & Courlo\",\n\nCalzata Englishman. Bungal (erkara-\n\n*\n\n5\n\n161\n\n210\n\nCaldarts Star,...\n\nf\n\n201\n\n+\n\n39\n\nKornelion Adverker\n\n고금\n\n11\n\nPolestar reis us, and the one coursising acquiend in three ways: first, be cultivation of deteran's Garaute. e last we ever saw, but the following which is include the acquisiti at uredeene\n\nundecuplet land; Borondly, by peclan in Pelli Ovetto... cantation appeared some tee sgu in the long kong Register :--\n\nhaving ge in the age of groeihener the Durer of the Province that in the service with at tantras fion this plats are ongesel, of co- jader in vessels traslug to the porta the thing, for the past of delending in Pro. die wurks of g\n\nChina Mail.\n\nmortgagel property); and thirdly, by her Madras Atheneum, tance. Leaving the sued and third \"modes of ! acquisition to be trwalod of separately, under the bead of * Alienation,\" he proceeds to give soul of Chien,\n\nHongkong Register, hatance of the general law of China (extracto from various edes published under Imperial Barton Times...\n\nwhich are not actionlead he lay, and Pales have givet e.\n\nfpirates, cords have bras exited authority), m Aequisition by Culfiration. After\n\n* In Chian Kril, No 197. Sept. 14, wer'sly invite.\n\n! China Mail, September 7.\n\nA 5 -- 90 per plaerd at 1850 a 2800. Im Knave deed. We queurial 08701 SP, A390 ta ya The salos Save beat 1930 Pea, of the farmest, and Yana a latur\n\n\"Nasking driers nominal 4 205\n\nTA, and 225 209 far week. Its gada log.\n\nBOBALPVEU06 13535.\n\nALEPAT TROY Xatrod and Jiren 45203 N§; Bar, 3830 m\n\nas wort 78 TIX AT-88850 AR-5.\n\nGemasan.de ius a Kp. Ciarhed 1255 a 15§. CORRAL Large alankuminal at 1663 3 Java, Hd 170 for 3 aniran\n\nBain\n\nmal 9,000 plead at 2420 5 HATTAN--Saosing-imports beavy petendo! In Log-fanjarawing 38 - 3950; Stratis 2930 u 3520:\n\nTater %%n@.”\n\npics have been sold at 10 a 3550 Jo is sxluble.\n\nPercur§51) er. 85.\n\nCurcu-24 a 550\"\n\nSANDAL Wonoce have boon heavy riports, but\n\nSAWAY WOO-Good straight wood has born lakes at $5 per perl, but fur lately. nat.\n\nnta $15 le askot. There Jvc bc reosive.i fron, in Pravdary ¿e le les active it was",
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        "id": 238498,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-055 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [3-5]",
        "page_number": 320,
        "title": "CO129-055 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [3-5]",
        "content_text": "312\n\nAppendix II. (No. I. The reasons assigned in Mr Rienaecker's Letter of the 8th January, 1856, to the Colonial Secretary, and 16.)\n\ncorroborated by all but one of the witnesses (unless we also except another witness, who admits the duty, but appears to doubt the readiness of the Government), appear to us conclusive in favor of the opinion which we ourselves have formed, that the Government of this Island ought to undertake the entire construction of the Praya, and that in no other way can the purposes, which have urged the Government to propose the work, be accomplished. The state of the shore, so alarming to the public health, calls for immediate measures of prevention. The crimes and disorders which occur daily and nightly amongst the dense Chinese population of this city, demand that whatever measures facilitate the approach and action of the police, ought to be commenced and executed with all possible despatch. The danger of conflagration, so terribly recalled to our apprehension last month, must be considered as normal amongst a population inhabiting tenements constructed of fragile and inflammable materials, and nearly destitute of the means of access to the water. The necessity to commerce of an uninterrupted and a public communication with the sea are pressing and obvious. But whilst all these considerations demonstrate that it is the duty of Government to take the shortest and speediest way to the completion of the project, they seem also to impose the condition that the work shall be done efficiently and securely, and with an inflexible regard to uniformity in the execution.\n\nThe solitary witness, who thinks that some saving in the contract price may be effected by substituting the Marine-Lotholders as Contracting Parties in the place of the Government, and investing them with all the powers and rights of Government for the purposes of such contracts as they shall be able to make, is himself so strongly impressed with the force of the above-mentioned objections, as to admit that, even if his suggestion be adopted, it will still be necessary that the work should be commenced at the time, and completed in the manner, which the Surveyor-General may direct—that the Surveyor-General's eye should be constantly directed to it whilst in progress—and that \"if it be left to the Marine-Lotholders themselves, it will never be done at all.\" It is obvious that the variance between Mr Pustan's evidence and the great body of the evidence taken by us upon this First Point of Enquiry, is more apparent than real. A work so conducted as Mr Pustan proposes is, at least, a work undertaken on the part of Government, and differing from a work directly undertaken by Government, only in respect of a certain want of unity in the initiation of the work, and in the division of the expense of it; and in both of these respects, we think, the preference is clearly due to the latter—an opinion which we have the satisfaction to find is unequivocally confirmed by the great body of evidence before us.\n\nII. Some difference of views amongst the Marine-Lotholders was naturally to be anticipated upon the question as to the conditions of tenure of lands reclaimed or to be reclaimed from the sea. In one respect only they appeared to be unanimous—in ignoring the fact that at present the Crown alone has title to all such lands, whether already reclaimed, or unreclaimed, and that the Crown will continue to have title to the latter after the same shall have been reclaimed by the Crown itself, or by persons not having title to those lands against the Crown, or authority under it. This common error was the source of the numerous fallacies to be detected in their evidence on the subject of their claims, real or supposed, to the equitable consideration of Government. The jealous eye of the law scans a grant from the Crown with great rigor, and reads it in quite another light from that of a grant made by subject to subject. 5 Bac: Abr: Prerogative In the latter case the rule is, that \"a deed shall be taken most strongly against the grantor,\" i.e., the subject; in the former case the rule is, that a deed shall be taken most strongly for the grantor,\" i.e., the Crown. This is the principle upon which that other well-settled doctrine is grounded, that \"in the construction of its deed of grant nothing shall be implied against the Crown,\" and again, the doctrine that, \"unless where expressly provided to the contrary, the Crown retains all its prerogative rights in respect of the thing granted.\"\n\n17 Edw: 11, st: 2, c. 15.\n\nThere is no difficulty in the application of these familiar and wise maxims of constitutional law.\n\n\"Public notice and Declaration, &c of We have it in evidence that even at the time of the first notification of the intentions of Captain Elliot to hold the first land sales that were ever effected in this Colony, the community were not suffered to be ignorant that no 1st May 1841. Appendix II, (No. 1); and lands would be allotted here but with a general reservation of all Her Majesty's rights according to the principles and practice of British Law, upon tenure to the Crown,\" and, before all, pending Her Majesty's further pleasure.\" Sec Laws of Hongkong, P. 3.\n\n\"and no occupancy respected,\" until evidenced by the execution of a Crown Grant, and perfected by Registration of Extract from Terms the Grant \"in the Government Office.\" The first land sale took place on the 14th June 1841. The Terms of Sale of Sale,' &c. Appendix were read to the bidders before the commencement of the proceedings, and they were expressly informed by that I, (No. 3) and see document that whilst the sea-frontage of each lot was nearly ascertained, the depth from the sea would necessarily 'Laws of Hongkong, vary considerably,\" and \"the actual extent of each lot\" being still unascertained, \"the parties would have the oppor- p. 4. tunity of observing the extent for themselves.\" They were further informed, that the Crown Grant, the sole evidence of title, would not be issued to any purchaser until \"the precise measurement and registration of the lots should be completed,\" and that, on his side, the purchaser would not, until delivery of his Crown Grant, be called on to pay the rent for the first year, \"reckoning from the date of Sale\" of his lot.\n\nSir Henry Pottinger, the first Governor of this Colony, and with whom we find that the wise and far-reaching project of a Praya first originated, was even more careful than Captain Elliot to preclude the possibility of all popular error as to the rights and intentions of the Crown in this matter. Referring to the important \"Government Notification\" of the 22nd March, 1842, we learn that, at that early date, whilst as yet not a Crown Grant had been issued, the Allottees of Marine-Lots already sold, and the future bidders for such as remained to be sold, were distinctly apprised that \"the reclaiming of land beyond high-water mark must be deemed an infringement on the Royalties of Her Majesty, (and it is therefore positively prohibited) by any private persons.\"\n\nDuring the whole of the period intervening between the date of that paper and the first issue of Crown Grants to the occupants, we have failed to discover any trace whatever of the revocation of that Public Announcement, or even of any connivance being extended by the Authorities to encroachments or purprestures upon the domains of the Crown, seaward or landward. A highly respectable witness, however, whose principal establishments being at Canton and Macao during that time imposed upon him the necessity of spending the greater part of his time at those ports, intimated his very strong impression that there was some distinct encouragement held out to himself and other purchasers during that period, and even after the delivery of their Crown Grants, to reclaim as much and as far as they pleased towards the sea,\" subject however to \"the risk of the reclaimed land being resumed by Government, if wanted for public purposes,\" and without any promise of compensation for it, if resumed. It is obvious that, even if the recollection of this gentleman were so far supported by documentary or other evidence, as to establish against the Crown and in favor of himself and those particular occupants who may have acted upon the alleged encouragement, a case of royal conscience and equity, the reservations appended would reduce the case to an almost infinitesimal value. But we must observe—(1.) that we can find no vestige of any Notification,\" or \"Circular,\" printed or in manuscript, bearing on this point, except those already cited, which bear altogether the other way; (2.) that it is an error to suppose that, in 1844, or at any period however early in the history of this Colony, a \"Government Gazette\" and the printing of Government Notifications did not exist, or that such Notifications, if made, were not printed; (3.) that if even the Queen's representatives were under the necessity of reserving the Queen's further pleasure\" in their official and authoritative announcements on the subject of tenure, the community ought to have known that the Land Officer, Captain Mylins, and his successor, Captain Meik, could not possibly be authorized to hold out encouragements, private or public, in derogation at once of those Notifications of the representatives of the Crown, and of the prerogatives of the Crown itself; and (4) that the reference to a supposed stipulation in an early Crown Grant to the same effect, a reference afterwards admitted tacitly to the same effect, a reference afterwards admitted tacitly to have been made in error, makes it very probable that the entire impression which Mr Edger entertains on this subject may, at this distance of time, be very easily accounted for, if we remember that the form of the Crown Grant, a form which has never varied since the first issue, does contain a kind of stipulation within the boundaries of the registered lot (but not beyond them), subject of course to the usual right of the Crown or \"encouragement\" to reclaim or improve, and indeed to build upon the lands granted and lying to resume the whole or any portion of the lot upon three months' notice, and equitable compensation, to be determined by the Surveyor-General; and that it is very likely that the witness, speaking from memory, may have erroneously supposed that the clauses in question applied also to the sea-shore lying beyond the boundaries of the Lot.\n\nThe form of Crown Grant to which we have just alluded was first settled in 1844; and, in that year, the first issue and registration of Crown Grants took place. The Crown Grants continued to be issued and registered during the whole of that year and the next, and thus the titles of the occupants, under the old acknowledgements of their biddings, were at length made perfect. We perceive in the circumstances which ensued upon this promulgation of the form of Crown Grant another proof that, down to this time at least, no Marine-Lot-holder had felt himself in any way encouraged to encroach upon the sea, or had doubted in the least the precariousness of a tenure from the Crown subjected since its origin to \"the Queen's pleasure, the reservation of all Her Majesty's rights, the British Law and practice, and the positive prohibition of reclaiming land beyond high-water mark by any private persons as an infringement of the Royalties of the Crown.\"\n\nWe find that the terms of the \"title\" now about to be exchanged for the old \"acknowledgement,\" did, in 1844, excite complaints on the part of the Marine-Lotholders. But we also find that these complaints had no reference to the limitation of \"boundaries\" seaward or landward, as contained in the Grants, nor to the right of resumption thereby vested in the Crown, nor to the paramount claims therein asserted on behalf of public purposes\" over personal privileges, nor even to the absolute powers in respect of those reservations and thereby bestowed upon the Queen's Surveyor-General, nor indeed to any matter bearing upon the present question of Marine-Lotholders, in the slightest degree. We find that a former letter of Captain Elliot was made the groundwork of complaint. But in Appendix II, (No. 6.) we also find that in that letter only one subject is discussed, and that one entirely foreign to our enquiry. Captain Elliot had there held out some \"encouragement\" for the hope that \"the Queen's further pleasure\" might operate to the advantage of the first buyers of lots, Inland and Marine, in the way either of reduction of Quit Rent, or of transmutation into a fee simple tenure. The promulgation of the form of Crown Grant had dissipated those hopes. It was of that disappointment that the Thirteen Firms of Marine-Lotholders complained, and only of that one. \"the faith of that pledge,\" as they termed it, they told Sir Henry Pottinger that they had, down to that date, (the 4th March, 1844,) expended \"on sea-walls, warehouses, and dwellings, very considerable sums.\"\n\nExpressio unius est Hongkong,' p. 3; see Appendix II, (No. 6.) exclusio alterius. If encouragements of any other kind had been held out to them, either to build sea walls,\" or to do any other work seaward of their Northern boundaries, it is clear from this document that they had not thought themselves safe in relying upon those encouragements, and in commencing those works. The personal testimony of Marine-Lotholders themselves confirms the inferences which we have deduced. The Honble. Mr Edger, whose recollections go back to a period anterior to the formation of the Colony, \"thinks that no land at all was reclaimed \"(from the sea) before Leases were issued,\" and that indeed \"sea-walls were made before the issue of leases, but in general between the limits of the land that was measured off;\" and Mr Antrobus, whose own encroachments on the sea-shore date but from 1854, states that \"he is not aware whether any land was reclaimed from the sea before his arrival here, rather more than five years ago.\" Such being the case before the issue, what was to result from a \"title\" so onerous as that which was now to be forced upon them? If any regard we had to the strength of language, we must suppose that the Crown Grant was viewed, from its first promulgation, not only as no \"encouragement\" to costly and unauthorized encroachments upon the Marine domain of Her Majesty, but as the utter bar to all improvements whatsoever, even within the surveyed and registered boundaries of the grantee's own Lot. \"Had they been previously aware,\" say the Thirteen Firms of Marine-Lotholders,\" of the conditions now proposed, they certainly should not have expended one farthing on buildings at Hongkong.\"\n\nOn the other hand, every one of Sir Henry Pottinger's acts and words at this very juncture is utterly inconsistent with the notion that he entertained any doubt himself, or had led others into any doubt, as to his line of conduct with respect to the rights of the Crown to the sea-shore in front of the Marine Lots. His Excellency's decision on the subject already cited was notorious to the whole community. Among the principal works which, at his request, the Land Officer, Mr Gordon proposed to undertake, and which Sir Henry Pottinger referred home with approbation, but for lack of the means could not undertake without the authority and assistance of Her Majesty's Imperial Government, a prominent place was given to the following project: \"a space of land to be reclaimed from the sea in front of Government Hill, to form a Public Landing-place, with an Esplanade or Public Walk; a Praya to be carried out in front of all the buildings, both Eastward to the Point, the property of Messrs Jardine & Co., and Westward as far as Navy Bay, or four miles between the two extremities, the land thus reclaimed to form a number of Marine Lots; \"a public roadway close to the sea, of fifty feet in width to be left on the Praya, and the space between that and the houses to be the private property of the possessors of the Lots assisting in carrying out the plan paying a proportion of the expenses, and for whatever land they gained of course charged at the same rate as for the rent of the Lots.\" That the fact of such a proposal having been made, and the details of it were no secret to the community at the time, or even long afterwards, may be very fairly inferred from Mr Montgomery Martin's once celebrated Report, compiled by him within six weeks of his arrival here in the following year, when Sir John Davis had succeeded Sir Henry Pottinger in the Government of this Island. That Report contains a direct but sneering allusion to the Praya, amongst other valuable projects of Sir Henry Pottinger, all of which are ridiculed by Mr Martin, little dreaming how many of his sarcasms were soon to be refuted by the literal fulfilment of the projects. Whilst the notoriety of the fact is proved by the boldness of the sarcasm, the mild and temperate rebuke which is contained in the observations of Sir John Davis in reply, and which, together with the attack, will be found in the Appendix, is, on its side, a proof that his Government and that of his predecessor were agreed in their opinions as to the policy to be followed with respect to Crown rights to the sea-shore, and the propriety of commencing the Praya, as projected by the latter, so soon as the finances of the Colony would permit, but without impeding the construction of the other public works and improvements enumerated in Mr Martin's Report.\n\nNothing indeed but the financial difficulties under which, even in Sir Henry Pottinger's time, the Colony had been laboring, and which were greatly and notoriously aggravated in later years, appears to have led to the delay in carrying his project into execution. The formation of such a work had been strongly urged upon the Admiralty by Commodore Sir Edward Belcher, R.N., then commanding a squadron in the China Seas. It had been notified by a Government Circular to all the leading mercantile firms, perhaps to all the mercantile firms without distinction then carrying on business, and many of whom we perceive now represent themselves to be hostile to the formation of a Praya, except on the condition of being allowed to monopolise the whole benefit so far as their sea-frontage extends, with an entire exemption from Quit Rent, and without being called upon to defray any portion of the cost. Yet the project of those days had the remarkable fate of being received by them with an almost unanimous adhesion.\n\nCircular Letter of Out of eight firms, themselves Marine-Lotholders, whose replies have been recorded in the Land Office, only one Me Gordon, dated 28th (that of Messrs Holliday, Wise & Co.,) hesitated \"to add to their already heavy expenditure,\" and to incur April 1843, in Append. the loss of privacy and convenience, to say nothing of the profits of wharfage,\" privileges which they were 1, (No. 10.) nevertheless ready and willing to forego for the public advantage.\" All the rest signified their consent and proffered their co-operation. They were willing to do it at their own expense to renounce the formation of private wharves, in favor of the common advantage. They had the welfare of the community at heart, not their own individual profit. One highly respectable firm, to whom the Circular was sent, but who do not appear to have returned a direct answer, nevertheless took the opportunity, in reference to another question then at issue between themselves and the local Government on the subject of an alleged encroachment by the Land Officer upon their Southern frontage, thus to express their highly creditable repugnance to all purprestures and encroachments whatever. Messrs Dent & Co. say that the boundary marks (granite blocks) on their Water-front Lots, marked Nos. 3 and 4, and 4 and 5, were at that time in the exact situation where they were placed by the Officers of Government, and also on the spot where the \"pickets were placed on the day of public sale, when they made the purchase.\" They remark, that \"the quantity of water-frontage which they purchased was not a matter of speculation in land, but that they confined their purchase to \"what was strictly and indispensably necessary for their establishment, and had not sought to increase their interest in \"such land elsewhere. Nothing short of such reasons,\" they conclude, \"would have induced them to solicit the consideration of Government to their case, it being far from their wish or intention either to ask for anything more that (sic) what they had considered to be their actual right, or in the most remote manner to stand in the way of public \"Improvement.\" It is, we think, impossible better to describe the relative positions of Crown, Crown tenants, and the public.\n\nThis general concurrence of the Government and Community of Hongkong on the subject of the Praya, did not fail to impress the Secretary of State very strongly in favor of the measure. But the project required some consideration, and His Lordship's friendly feeling towards it was at first evinced only by privately transmitting to Sir Henry Pottinger some corroborating testimony from another quarter in favor of the project. In the following year, however, his decision was officially announced. The utmost approbation was bestowed on the works projected, especially the Praya—the Governor was invited to send home the necessary Reports and Plans;—but the question was asked whether there were the necessary funds for the execution,\" and a clear intimation was given that to the Marine Lots, rather than to the Imperial Treasury, His Excellency must be prepared to have recourse for the means whereby the Praya might be executed at the least possible\" cost to the public.\" The matter of necessity rested there until the pecuniary difficulty could be overcome. Owing to circumstances too well known to need recapitulation, it was not fully overcome until the end of our last financial year. Your Excellency is the first Governor who has been able to decline the Parliamentary Grant, and this is the first year in which you have been able to decline it.",
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        "id": 239030,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-056 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [6]",
        "page_number": 439,
        "title": "CO129-056 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [6]",
        "content_text": "The consequence of the above Notification, Meeting of holders of Marine Lots was held on the 3 instant, the Resolutions of which we beg leave to annex.\n\nIn the statement laid before your Excellency are set forth reasons showing the end to be derived from the scheme. To these are various arguments amenable to give rise to public subversion, feeling that the foredirections named are not necessary for their convenience, while they are at variance with Private interests.\n\nWe have been deputed to approach your Excellency for the purpose of explaining more fully the views of the majority holders of Marine Lots, in the full belief and hope that the views and sentiments of those so deeply interested will be allowed due weight with your Excellency, considering the bearings of the question.\n\nWe would therefore beg merely to refer to a few of the leading objections entertained towards the proposed plan.\n\n1st. We submit that the holders of Marine Lots are, by the terms and Spirit of their Leases, guaranteed a clear fee-franchise, and that the stipulation regarding the formation and re-claiming of Public Bunds applies solely to the ground specified by Measurements given.\n\n2nd. We submit that the execution of the proposed plan would, in some instances, require of Leaseholders to reclaim ground fully equal to three times the size of their Original Lots, causing great difficulty, and entailing a costly expenditure on Private individuals, which was never contemplated at the time of purchase, nor does any stipulation exist which demands from them such an outlay.\n\nPage 171",
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    {
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        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-059 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 105,
        "title": "CO129-059 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "TRANSLATION FROM THE CHINESE.\n\nNotification of Mr Parkes, H. B. M. Consul at Canton, issued by order: for the removal of misconceptions, by declaration of the truth, to the end that confidence may be restored to the public mind. In every discussion there is a position which is the correct one; nor can a just conclusion upon the merits of any question be arrived at, until the arguments on both sides shall have been heard.\n\nThe Governor General, Yeh, has been at great pains, ever since the approach of the British forces from the vessel under command of the Admiral, H. E. Sir M. Seymour, to inflame the public mind by the circulation of unfounded statements on the subject; and it is to counteract the evil effect but too probably to be apprehended from these, that H.B.M. Plenipotentiary has instructed the Consul to issue a Notification of the plain truth to the gentry and people of the city and suburbs of Canton,\n\nAt Hongkong, being a British Colony, it is competent for the owner of any vessel of any country, when he shall have obtained the requisite security, to make application, through the proper official channels, to the supreme authority for a Colonial Register. Under this the vessel hoists a British Ensign, and the register once issued, she is regarded in all respects as a British vessel, while those on board her become alike responsible to British control, and entitled to British protection. The conditions of this colonial registration were communicated some months ago to the Governor General by the Minister Plenipotentiary, who is also Governor of the Colony, and a translation of the Colonial Ordinance was enclosed to him in His Excellency's despatch.\n\nMeanwhile, the Lorcha Arrow, a vessel duly registered as above, having come up to Canton in the earlier part of October, information, it appears, was given to the authorities by a person who had been robbed by pirates at sea, that one of the delinquents was serving as a sailor on board the Lorcha. Now, by the Treaty between England and China, all authority over British vessels at any of the Five Ports is vested in the Consuls. The proper course, therefore, if any question had been raised against the Lorcha, as she was flying British colours in the port of Canton,--being one of the Five, would have been, to call on the British Consul to enquire into the case and take the necessary steps. Without any reference, however, to the Consul, a party of the local marine boarded the vessel, tore down her ensign, seized twelve men who were on board, and carried them into the city.\n\nThe Consul, of course, as soon as he became aware of this violation of his jurisdiction, reported it to his superior, H. M. Plenipotentiary. He at the same time made his complaint to H. E. Yeh, as Imperial Commissioner, accompanying his statement of the facts by a request that H. E. would cause the seamen who had been carried off from the vessel to be restored to her publicly; and that a letter of apology should be written. At 8 in the evening came another despatch from H. E. Yeh, requesting the Consul to inform him why his despatch of the morning had not been acknowledged.\n\nThe Consul, in reply, put in the hands of the officer sent, two extracts from his letters before referred to, reciting the substance of his requisition, and the form in which it was to be complied with namely, that the men, publicly removed from the vessel, should be as publicly restored to her.\n\nIt being thus apparent that farther protraction of the correspondence would be of no advantage to the settlement of the question at issue, there remained no alternative but to place the matter in the hands of the Admiral, His Excellency, unwilling to inflict unnecessary injury upon the inhabitants, confined himself in the first instance to the capture of some of the forts along the river; this done, he directed the Consul to warn the Governor General, that if he persisted in refusing to listen to us, more serious proceedings would be rendered inevitable. The Governor General proposing nothing, the Admiral proceeded to possess himself of the remaining forts along the Canton River, he then breached the City wall, and blew up the Tsing Hai Gate.\n\nNow, His Excellency has been brought to this point by no intention of his own; he has been simply driven onward by the determined obstinacy, and extreme discourtesy, of the Governor General. The original claim advanced was, comparatively speaking, of no great magnitude. Less could not have been demanded than the formal rendition of a crew unauthorizedly seized without reference to the Consul. To the high official of a nation, with whom the rule and practice of what is due from man to man are so important a consideration, what could have been so easy as to acknowledge an error committed, and to give assurance that none such should be repeated?\n\nHow widely different a course was pursued! For several years past, the high authorities at Canton have entrenched themselves in inaccessibility to foreign officials, pleading always that the people are opposed to the admission of foreigners within the walls. It has hence resulted that discussions, which might have been disposed of in a single interview, have endured through months of correspondence, and this, too, without any satisfactory result. The present case commences with an insult to our flag, that is to say, an affront is put upon our dignity as a State - this is followed by the unauthorized seizure of sailors subject to British control and protection; we complain, and our assertions are contradicted; in order that due atonement might be made for the affront that had been offered to his authority as Consul. He added, that if it were still desirable to examine the parties, he was prepared to conduct an enquiry with any officer of his own rank, who might be deputed for the purpose.\n\nThe Governor General replied, that the Lorcha was not a foreign vessel. He sent back some of the men, but nine of the twelve that had been taken; but these the Consul did not think it right to receive; and, under the instruction of the Plenipotentiary, he now demanded, besides restoration of the whole number, a letter of apology for their seizure, and assurance that nothing of the kind should occur again,-to be given within forty-eight hours. The Plenipotentiary himself wrote to the Commissioner, on the 12th October, to the same effect, adding that, unless the required satisfaction were accorded within the period assigned, it would be left to the Naval Commander-in-Chief to exact it. This letter reached Canton on the 15th October, but was left without answer for eight days. H. E. Yeh then sent a reply, in which he repeated what he had already said to the Consul. To the requisition made by the latter, he paid no more attention than before.\n\nH. E. the Admiral, unwilling to resort to force without due deliberation, waited from one day to another, until the 21st October, when the Consul, under farther instructions from the Plenipotentiary, addressed a last letter to the Imperial Commissioner. He was now told, that unless he conceded what had been asked for by 6 o'clock in the evening of the following day, the naval forces would act. At noon of the following day, an officer, of low rank was sent with the twelve seamen to the Consulate, with a message from His Excellency Yeh, that two of them were criminals, and must be sent back to him immediately.\n\nThink how completely at our mercy are the lives and property of the entire population of the city; and with what facility, in one moment of time, we could effect their utter destruction—a terrible contingency! You are told this in no spirit of boasting; the power of our nation is too well known to require that we should indulge in self-glorification; but simply because we have no wish to see a long continuance of these hostilities, so cruel to the feelings of the people, and so injurious to their interests.\n\nThere is but one means of escape from it, and this is in the hand of the chief Authority, who, if he lose no time in meeting our high Authorities, will be enabled, by arranging matters on a satisfactory footing with them, to put an end to the existing peril, and to prevent the recurrence of like misfortune in the time to come.\n\nNovember 1st, 1856.",
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-079 - Public Offices - 1860",
        "page_number": 534,
        "title": "CO129-079 - Public Offices - 1860",
        "content_text": "ne & the th Sept 60. 8754 954 trong bảng شکان 532 Bornnigstent 1 Lift lobo Jana dumbst G the surlary spitale to aurant you hat M. Inglis, the Harbour Master & Marine Magistrate of Hong Kong L seurons of returning EX\n\nHowever, to follow the instructions more closely and given the context of OCR proofreading for historical records related to Hong Kong, a more detailed step-by-step correction is needed. Let's attempt to correct and format the given text according to the rules:\n\n1. **Original Text**: \nne \n& the \nth Sept \n60. \n8754 \n954 trong bảng \nشکان \n532 \nBornnigstent \n1 Lift lobo \nJana dumbst \nG \nthe surlary spitale to \naurant you \nhat M. \nInglis, the Harbour Mailer & Marine Maqui liate of Hong Kong \nL \nseurons of returning \nEX\n\n## Step-by-Step Correction\n\n1. **Correcting obvious OCR errors and typos**:\n   - \"ne\" could be \"On\" or another word depending on context.\n   - \"& the\" is likely \"& the\".\n   - \"th Sept\" could be a date, e.g., \"this September\" or \"the September\", but without more context, it's hard to correct.\n   - \"60.\" might be a number or part of a sentence.\n   - \"8754\" and \"954\" appear to be numbers.\n   - \"trong bảng\" seems out of place; \"bảng\" is Vietnamese for \"table\".\n   - \"شکان\" is in Arabic script and doesn't directly relate to Hong Kong historical context without more information.\n   - \"532\" is a number.\n   - \"Bornnigstent\" could be a misspelling; a plausible correction is \"Bornnigestent\" or another word, but without context, it's speculative.\n   - \"1 Lift lobo\" doesn't make clear sense; \"Lift\" could be correct, but \"lobo\" is unclear.\n   - \"Jana dumbst\" seems to be a misspelling or OCR error; possibly \"January\" for \"Jana\".\n   - \"G\" is a single letter, possibly the start of a word or abbreviation.\n   - \"the surlary spitale to\" could be \"the salary scale to\" or another correction depending on context.\n   - \"aurant you\" might be \"assure you\" or \"arrant you\", depending on the intended meaning.\n   - \"hat M.\" could be \"that Mr.\".\n   - \"Inglis, the Harbour Mailer & Marine Maqui liate of Hong Kong\" contains several potential errors; \"Harbour Master\" is a plausible correction for \"Harbour Mailer\", and \"Magistrate\" for \"Maqui liate\".\n   - \"L\" is a single letter.\n   - \"seurons of returning\" could be \"reasons for returning\" or another correction.\n\n2. **Applying Corrections and Formatting**:\nGiven the lack of clear context and the speculative nature of some corrections, a conservative approach is to correct only the most obvious errors and format the text.\n\n## Corrected Text in Markdown\n\nOn & the th Sept 60. 8754 954 trong bảng شکان 532 Bornnigstent 1 Lift lobo Jana dumbst G the surlary spitale to aurant you hat M. Inglis, the Harbour Master & Marine Magistrate of Hong Kong L seurons of returning EX\n\nOr, in a more formatted and corrected version based on the rules:\n\nOn & the [date] September 60. 8754 954 ... 532 ... 1 ... January ... that Mr. Inglis, the Harbour Master & Marine Magistrate of Hong Kong ... reasons of returning EX\n\nHowever, the exact correction depends heavily on the context, which isn't fully provided.\n\nTo strictly follow the output format requested (HTML using `` for paragraphs), the most straightforward correction without adding too much speculation is:\n\nOn & the th Sept 60. 8754 954 trong bảng شکان 532 Bornnigstent 1 Lift lobo Jana dumbst G the surlary spitale to aurant you hat M. Inglis, the Harbour Master & Marine Magistrate of Hong Kong L seurons of returning EX\n\nLet's directly output the corrected version in HTML as per the final instruction:\n\nOn & the th Sept 60. 8754 954 trong bảng شکان 532 Bornnigstent 1 Lift lobo Jana dumbst G the surlary spitale to aurant you hat M. Inglis, the Harbour Master & Marine Magistrate of Hong Kong L seurons of returning EX",
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    {
        "id": 273500,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-129 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 309,
        "title": "CO129-129 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "# \n6 \n\nbeing constructed, but was unable to insist upon the Tenants doing better work, which doubtless might have been ensured by their paying a somewhat higher price. The great evil no doubt has been that several Contractors have been employed by the different Tenants and they have failed either to connect their work properly or to keep any proper line for the face of the wall. \n\nThe wall too has not been built up regularly course by course, as might have been the case had one man received a contract for the whole work. I may remark that that portion of the wall constructed by Government is little better than elsewhere. Mr. Cleverly has told me that he found it impossible to get the work properly done while the adjoining Tenants were not carrying up their portion of the wall at the same time. The rents were increased on the completion of the extension of the Praya, but this was on account of the increased area occupied by the Tenants and cannot, I think, be construed into an admission on the part of Government that the Sea wall was satisfactorily completed. \n\nThe next Paragraph refers to the proposed extension of 100 feet. \n\nI think a road 30 feet wide would be required in place of the present Praya Road between the Harbour Master's Office and Pedder's Wharf, thus leaving a depth of only 70 feet for building, which would be sufficient West of Pedder's Wharf for any dwelling houses likely to be erected, however, where Godowns are most likely to be built, a passage of 10 or 12 feet wide would probably be all that would be required, thus leaving a depth of 90 feet for building. \n\nWith regard to the last Paragraph in which the Committee state \"That an exceedingly strong feeling prevails that the existing boundary lines should not in any case be interfered with or extended nor should any obstacle be permitted between them and the Sea\", I may remark that all the Marine Lots now interested have been enlarged by reclaiming from the Sea since they were originally bought, and there is no doubt, from the accumulation of silt forming a Foreshore in many places, that a further extension must shortly take place. In a year or two hence, the present Praya wall will be probably useless as Boats will be unable to approach at all events except at high water. \n\nThe Committee state that the proposition to award a portion of premium received as compensation to Marine Lot Holders is not in accordance with the terms of their Government Leases which stipulate for full compensation under such circumstances. If such stipulation exists, it is evident that a further extension of the Lots at some future time must have been anticipated or the stipulation would not have been made. \n\nThe Marine Tenants do not allude to the fact that whereas they are now responsible in case of the Praya wall being washed away, when the wall has once been constructed by Government as proposed, they cannot of course be called upon to execute any further repairs or be responsible in any way for accidents that may occur. \n\nWhen sending out my Circular of 15th August, it was anticipated that the Marine Lot Holders would be only too glad to get an extension of their Marine Lots without purchase, with a Sea wall strongly built in sufficiently deep water to ensure the collection of silt being impossible. Such, however, not being the case, it remains for His Excellency to decide under whether the extension shall be allowed to stand over for a time. Under no circumstances should I recommend the present wall being either repaired or raised. \n\n7 \n\nI forward an answer to my Circular from the Chinese Lot Holders, from which it will be seen that they all concur with the arrangements proposed by Government. They request that the extension may be 130 feet instead of 100 feet. I think, however, it will not be advisable to erect the wall in deeper water than we have at 100 feet and should propose leaving a 10 feet passage only, north of the present buildings.\n\n(Signed,) W. WILSON, \nActing Surveyor General. \n\n## The Acting Colonial Secretary to the Committee of Marine Lot Holders.\n\nNo. 842. \n\n**GENTLEMEN,**\n\nCOLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE, \nHONGKONG, 3rd October, 1864. \n\nI am directed by His Excellency the Governor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 20th ultimo, written on behalf of the 27 Marine Lot Holders who were represented at a Meeting held at the Chamber of Commerce on the 13th. This letter was referred to the Acting Surveyor General, and his observations upon it are forwarded for your perusal. \n\nHis Excellency, however, finds it necessary to ask for explanation in reference to certain statements contained in your letter, before he can come to a final decision upon the subject to which it refers. \n\nIn paragraph 7, you state that \"the whole of the Sea wall\" was \"passed by the Surveyor General\" and with the roadway \"taken over by the Local Government from the hands of the Contractors without comment, question or protest.\" His Excellency would be glad if you would refer him to the facts or correspondence upon which you rely in support of this statement. \n\nIn paragraph 10, you observe \"that the proposition to award a portion of such premiums (which might occasionally be exceedingly small) as compensation to present Marine Lot Holders, is not in accordance with the tenor of our Government Leases which stipulate for full compensation under such circumstances.\" His Excellency would feel obliged by your quoting the stipulation in the Crown Leases which you had in view when making this observation, as he is advised that no provision whatever is made in the Leases for \"such circumstances\" as the conversion of a Marine into an Inland Lot.\n\n(Signed,) \nW. H. RENNIE, \nfor the Colonial Secretary. \n\n## Page 307",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-143 - Sir MacDonnell - 1870 [1-2]",
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        "title": "CO129-143 - Sir MacDonnell - 1870 [1-2]",
        "content_text": "(.48 ) \n\nAPPENDIX.\n\n(A)\n\nLIST OF OFFICERS OF H.M.S. \"GALATEA.”\n\nCAPTAIN.\n\nHis Royal Highness Alfred Ernest Albert, Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., K.T., G.C.M.G...\n\nCommander. Edward S. Adeane. .21 Sept. 68.\n\nLieutenants.\n\nGeorge R. Henenge .22 Jan. 67. Wallace B. McHardy .22 Jan. 67. Francis Romilly. .22 Jan. 67. Adolphus A. F. \"Fitz-\" 10 June 67.\n\nGeorge John W. Ramsay .19 Sept. 68.\n\nAdditional.\n\nLord Charles W. D. Beresford 17 Oct. 68.\n\nStaff Commander.\n\n1 22 Jan. 67.\n\nSurgeon. William L. Powell. 4 July 08. (Additional in lieu of Assistant Surgeon.)\n\nPaymaster.\n\nThomas Bradbridge .22 Jan. 67. Chief Engineer,\n\nJohn Sear .26 Jan. 67.\n\nSub-Lieutenants. George R. C. Eyres .22 Jan. 67. Edward J. Fellowes .18 June 63.\n\nSupernumerary.\n\nWilliam H. Bradley. 3 June 69. Charles Campbell .17 Oct. 68.\n\nCaptain of Marines. Robert F. Tayler. 28 Jan. 67:\n\nLieutenant of Marine Artillery. | Francis H. Poore .29 Jan. 67. Chaplain and Naval Instructor. Rev. John Milner, B.A. 23 Jan. 67.\n\nAlvin C. Corry, (act.).17 Nov. 63.\n\nNavigating Sub-Lieutenant. James R. Veitch... 3 Aug. 68,\n\nStaff-Surgeon.\n\nAlexander Watson, M.D..24 Mar. 69.\n\nAssistant Surgeon.\n\nWilliam H. Symes. .22 Jan. 07.\n\nAssistant Paymasters.\n\nEdmund H. Key .22 Jan. 67. William O. Greenslade 1 Oct. 67.\n\n( 49 )\n\n(B)\n\nThe Address from the Hongkong Community.\n\nTo His Royal Highness ALFRED ERNEST ALBERT, DUKE OF EDINBURGH, K.G., K.T., &c.\n\nWe, the inhabitants of the Colony of Hongkong, desire to approach Your Royal Highness to offer our heartfelt congratulations and welcome upon your arrival at this remote Dependency of the Crown of Great Britain,\n\nIt affords us particular pleasure upon the occasion of this, the first visit of a Member of the Royal Family of England to this Colony, to express our loyal sentiments to a Son of a Sovereign so beloved by Her subjects, and so esteemed and respected by other nationalities as is Her Majesty Queen Victoria.\n\nWe beg also to express a hope that Your Royal Highness will experience some pleasure on finding, at so great a distance from home, how in the space of a few years, under the enlightened reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, and under the blessings of the institutions of England, and the prestige of Her name, a Colony so important and considerable has arisen, and been maintained in peace upon the shores of the most populous and exclusive Empire in the world.\n\nWith sentiments of loyalty and respect, we have the honour to be, Your Royal Highness's most obedient servants.\n\n(Signed by over 300 Residents.)\n\nReply of His Royal Highness.\n\nGENTLEMEN,-No answer that I can return to your Address will sufficiently convey to you my thanks, or express the pleasure I have derived from the manifestations of loyalty and affection to Her Majesty the Queen, by which I have been met upon my arrival in Hongkong.\n\nFor myself, I rejoice at the opportunity which has been afforded me of visiting this City, the great emporium of British trade in China, and whose growing prosperity offers so striking an example of what may be effected by energy and enterprise, under the influence of free institutions.\n\n55",
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        "document_key": "CO129-159 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 206,
        "title": "CO129-159 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "808\n\nTHE LONDON AND CHINA TELEGRAPH.\n\nmeans we do not know. Why it is so we do not know. It behoves the Government to know whether any persons are engaged in introducing a false lead currency, depreciating the coin it has issued, and making endless trouble and anxiety to the masses of the poor people to take effective measures to protect the value of its currency to terrify forgers and prevent the issue of any currency that will destroy its credit and the value of its coin,\n\nThe province of Bahang was originally a Laotian region. During the wars with the Laos the Siamese conquered this region, and eventually placed over it a Siamese governor. It is now regarded as Siamese territory, and is the extreme limit of Siam proper on the north-west. Rahang on the west joins British Burmah; on the north it joins several Laotian provinces that are again subject to Chienguai. Chiengmai is a Laotian province, and is still governed by Laotian princes. His Majesty the King of Siam usually concurs in appointing the successor of any Chiengmai Laotian prince who may have deceased. Persons who may be obnoxious to the laws of Siam often escape to Chiengmai, and while there the Siamese do not usually succeed in gaining possession of their persons. Is Chiengmai a conquered province? Is it tributary to Siam, and to what extent; or is it simply under the protection of Siam, as was Cambodia? All these are questions full of interest.\n\nIt is said that Messrs. Vrooman and Culbertson made the distance from Bangkok to Rahang in twenty-two days. Last week the Rev. Mr. Culbertson returned from Rahiang to Bangkok in four days. This is very rapid travelling by the boats usually employed for such purposes.\n\nBORNEO.\n\nSARAWAK.\n\nWe learn from the Sarawak Gazette that the Qhop Estate and other property of Baroness Coutts, at Lundu, was sold by public auction on the 19th September, realising about $1,500. The house and plantations at Tanah Puteh were bought for $800 by Ken What, a Chinese merchant in the Bazaar, who intends to present a large piece of ground to his countrymen for a public burying-place, and keep up the house for the accommodation of pleasure seekers from Kuching.\n\nThe steamer Firefly, formerly the yacht belonging to the Honourable the Resident of Sarawak, is to run in the Rejang river, between Sibu, Kanowit, Matu, and Rejang, a run of rather more than one hundred miles.\n\n[Nov. 18, 1872\n\n4. The actual excess of revenue over expenditure for the year 1871 was $151,592.\n\n5. The sub-committee think this Supply Bill may be at once explored.\n\n(Signed)\n\nJ. W. W. BIRCH.\n\nJ. J. GREENSHIELDS.\n\nT. SHELFORD.\n\nThe Government, with a view to the public convenience, has procured a considerable quantity of silver and copper small coin, which the Treasury obligingly issues at par. The Kling money-changers, however, are turning this to account, by drawing coin from the Treasury, for which they charge 2 per cent. on issuing it in the square and elsewhere, persistently refusing to abate a single pie, on the ground that small change is very scarce. Even Chinese shopkeepers demand 1 per cent. It would be a boon to every chief if a plan were devised whereby this annoying imposition might be avoided.\n\nThe state of affairs in Deli is thus sketched in the Batavia Handelsblad. The reports as to how matters stand in Deli are far from favourable. The troops suffer much from sickness, above all from fevers, and as we have said before from diarrhoea and swollen feet. If the Hill Battas make common cause with the enemy, the situation will become an untenable one. As to the bentings, we are informed that they call forth admiration as well by their position as by their plan and strength. Without suspecting it, one finds one's self sometimes suddenly opposite a benting barely fifty paces off. These bentings are so built that grenades scarcely do any harm; by means of a thick bamboo covering, they have been made shell-proof. It will be seen that our brave troops have a hard task before them.\n\nA writer in the Straits Times says: In the eighth paragraph of the Governor's Minute on the sale of the land in connection with the building and repairing of the markets, laid before the Legislative Council on Sept. 26 last, his Excellency reports that at Malacca about 8,000 square feet of land near the Tron Bridge had been sold for $5,000, which sum is to be appropriated for the erection of a commodious market; I was at the spot very shortly after the sale, and was surprised to learn that a plot of land, containing, in my opinion, more than 8,000 square feet, adjoining the plot sold by Sir Harry Ord, had been given to a rich Chinese at Malacca by the Government for his sole use and benefit. The fortunate recipient of this noble gift has erected a block of substantial shops on the site, which is likely to yield a rental of $90 per mensem at least. It appears to me very desirable that the public should be informed upon what grounds such valuable public property has been given to a private individual. A commission is needed to inquire into, and report fully upon, the whole of the circumstances connected with this singular transaction, for which Sir Harry Ord is not responsible--the gift having been made, I believe, under the auspices of Capt. Shaw, the Lieut.-Governor, and Colonel Anson whilst officiating as Governor.\n\nWe cull the following items of News from the Penang Argus: Mr. Baumgarten, the Registrar of the Supreme Court here, is about to retire on a pension, and is to be succeeded by Mr. Bradford from Penang, Mr. Harvey taking the latter's post. Colonel Anson will be back from home by February next. The Government have extended the term of service in the Straits to enable him to carry out the Judicial changes which are forthcoming. Recent failures in Singapore tot up to $700,000, the Chetties suffering to the extent of $450,000.\n\nThe Sarawak Sugar Company's creditors have held a meeting in the Court House, when a first and final dividend of 0 per cent. was declared.\n\nThe Government advertise that the coal seams of Simonjan in the Sudong river and Silantek in the Batang Lapar, about four to five feet thick, may be worked by an individual or company on a payment of ten cents per ton brought to grass. The Simunjan seams are about 34 miles from a navigable river, and the Silantek seams are close to a small stream navigable for boats only, and about twelve miles from a large navigable river. The Governor has applied for a further extension of his offer. The Government offers a free passage by the S.S. Royalist from and back to Singapore to any person desirous of examining the seams.\n\nGovernment proposes to erect suitable building for a Sanatarium on one of the minor peaks of the Matang mountain, if there is any prospect of invalids availing themselves of such a locality. Dr. Houghton specifies the following advantages:-A S.E. aspect, temperature ranging from 66 deg. to 88 deg., abundance of excellent water, perfect accessibility from Kuching by water, a magnificent view over Sarawak, Lundu, Sudong, &c., and a gentle ascent from the foot of the mountain, admitting of invalids being carried up in chairs by coolies, always obtainable from the Rajah's Coffee plantation, through which the road passes.\n\nSTRAITS SETTLEMENTS.\n\nSINGAPORE.\n\nThe dates by this mail extend to the 13th Oct. No later mail had been received from London.\n\nCommercial Report.\n\n(For dates see first page.)\n\nIMPORTS.\n\nYOKOHAMA. There had been a good demand for Grey Shirtings and prices showed an improvement; sales had been on a good scale, and the market at the close was firm, especially for the heavier weights. Cotton Yarn had not met with so much inquiry, and prices were scarcely so high as those last quoted. Mousselines were lower, and with the exception of Black Velvets and Lastings, which were in good demand, there had been no particular change in other Woollen fabrics. Quotations:-Grey Shirtings, 7 lbs., $2.30 to 2.35 per piece; 8 to 8 lbs., $2.62 to 2.57; 9 lbs., $2.95 to 3. Cotton Yarn, No. 18 to 24, $40.50 to 42 per picul; Nos. 28 to 32, $47.25 to 48.25; Nos. 38 to 42, $45 to 48.\n\nHIOGO-OSAKA. Cotton Yarn: A fair amount of business had been done, and a good demand continued for Nos. 28/32. Nos. 1/24 were saleable, but owing to heavy stocks, prices were weak. Nos. 38/42 neglected. Grey Shirtings: The market showed some weakness during part of the month, and prices declined about 2c. per piece; they had since recovered, however, and closed firm. Taffachelas, Turkey Reds, and Velvets, in good demand; other Cottons more or less neglected.\n\nThe sub-committee appointed to consider the Second Supplementary Supply Bill for 1871, having examined the statements framed by the Auditor-General and published in the Blue-book of 1871, and which are separately laid before Council to-day, beg to report as follows:-\n\n1. This Supply Bill appears necessary to cover the only expenditure which exceeds the items provided for in the estimates and supplementary estimates of 1871.\n\n2. The sub-committee desire, however, to call the attention of the Council to the fact that the revenue for 1871 showed a net increase over that of 1870 of $26,055, and the expenditure a net decrease of $5,264.\n\n3. The actual revenue, as compared with the estimates for the year, showed an excess of $40,111—and while the expenditure was estimated at $1,870,006, it proved to be only $1,244,111, thus showing a net saving of $121,895.\n\nTo some extent\n\n204\n\n809\n\nwhich, with a sprinkling of Fychows, turned the bulk of the settlements. Only two or three chops of Pingsang had found buyers. The market remained quiet but firm.\n\nFoochow-Business during the week had been on a moderate scale and there had been no alteration in prices. No transactions had taken place in Oolongs. Congou: Settlements 12,732 chests at Tls. 5 to Tls. 20. The bulk of the transactions had been in Teas costing between Tls. 15 to Tls. 18, and the greater part was intended for the Continent. Settlements for England had been small. Arrivals, 18,750 chests. Souchong: 1,075 chests taken at Tls. 15% to Tls. 27. Arrivals, 700 chests. Oolongs: Owing to the continued firmness of holders no transactions had taken place. Arrivals, 4,950 half-chests. Scented Teas Settlements, 1,470 boxes at Tls. 17 to Tls. 20.4. Arrivals, 2,000 boxes. Flowery Pekoes: Settled 86 chests at Tls. 27. Arrivals, 150 chests.\n\nTIENTSIN. There had been a slight improvement at this port, not only were the waters on the plains no higher, but the dealers had made some small profit on their late purchases of Drills, Jeans, and common T-Cloths. Black Lastings and Velvets had been in some request, but Grey and White Shirtings were dull of sale, and rates unremunerative.\n\nHANKOW. Settling day had passed satisfactorily, but the subsequent improved demand previously looked for had not been realised. Holders were disposed to accept lower rates for all Cotton Goods. Of Woollens: Camlets was the only fabric wanted, but this article was scarce and H.D.B., of good assortment, had been placed at Tls. 16.40 per piece, to extent of 300 pieces. Lead: L.B. was quoted Tls. 1.60 to 4.65 per picul, but business had been very slack.\n\nSHANGHAI. The enquiry for Plain Cottons had continued, but the result, so far, had been unimportant, and had fallen far short of the business usually passing at this season of the year. Buyers had been deterred from operating in Shirtings and T-Cloths at all events as freely as they wished, by the quantities of goods forced upon them, and the consequent declining tendency of prices.\n\nGrey Shirtings: 7-lb. Grey Shirtings in fair demand and scarce, 8lbs. in good enquiry but easier; 7 lbs. Tls. 1.65 to 1.67; 8 lbs. Tls. 1.77 to 1.79 for Mildews; and Tls. 1.78 to 1.88 for sound common to best ordinary; Dewhurst's Eagle chop, Tls. 1.88. White Shirtings: 66-reed, Tls. 2.00; 60-reed, Tls. 1.80; lowest counts, Tls. 1.50. T-Cloths: Fair sales, but anxiety to realise had caused a further fall in value. Common 6 lb. Tls. 1.13 to 1.15; Dewhurst's T. quality Tls. 1.32; Mexican qualities, Tls. 1.45 to 1.52. A sale of 8lbs. Dewhurst's M.T., Tls. 1.72. Drills and Jeans: Both commanded a ready market at quotations; 13 lbs. to 15 lbs. Dutch and English Drills, Tls. 3.2 to 3.15; Jeans, Tls. 2.5 to 2.12 for English, Tls. 2.27 for 8 lbs. Dutch. Fancy Cottons: Chintzes, assorted, Tls. 1.41 to 1.60; Gentian Shirtings, Tls. 2.60; best Turkey Reds, Woollens: Tls. 2.60 per piece; other articles altogether neglected. Market dull; Camlets, Tls. 16 to 15. Other goods had received no notice. Metals: Scarcely anything doing.\n\nHONG KONG. The demand for Raw Cotton had strengthened with the approach of cool weather, and fair sales were being made at slightly better prices. Yarns were very little inquired for, and Nos. 16/24 and 28/32 could only be placed at lower rates. Drills only were in demand, and these were wanted at better values. In Woollens, Blankets had declined. All kinds of tin were slow of sale. Tin Plates were $1 per box lower. Quicksilver was steady. Rice had been in some demand for shipment to Swatow, but at the close the market was quiet at former quotations.\n\nFoochow. Sales had been effected of 1,000 pieces 8 lbs. Grey Shirtings at $2.77; 2,500 pieces 7 lbs. T-Cloths at $2.05 to 2.85; and 400 pieces 8 lbs. T-Cloths at $3.75.\n\nSAIGON. Although stocks were rather moderate, sales, with the exception of 6 lbs. T-Cloth could only be effected at reduced rates. Quotations: 8 lbs. Grey Shirtings, $2.62 per piece; 7 lbs., $2.20; 6 lbs. T-Cloth, $1.70; 5 lbs., $1.42; 4 lbs., $1.25; 4 lbs., $1.10.\n\nEXPORTS.\n\nTEA.\n\nYOKOHAMA. The amount of business done had about been on a par with that previously noted; settlements, chiefly of the medium grades, amounted to about 8,000 piculs, and had been made at gradually advancing prices, the market closing at fully $2 to 3 over last quotations for all except the finer grades, which remained as last stated. The quality had been fair; there was still a marked absence of common leaf, anything below medium being of very inferior quality. Supplies had been meagre, and stocks were reduced. The export had been as follows: Per P.M.S.S. Co.'s steamer China, to New York, 189,010 lbs.; to Chicago, 42,065 lbs.; to Boston, 6,100 lbs.; to San Francisco, 100,934 lbs.; per Emulation, for New York, 500,795 lbs.; per Etta Loring, for New York, 206,761 lbs.; per Leander, for New York, 707,702 lbs.; per Emma Augusta, for San Francisco, about 200,000 lbs.; and per Ceylon, for New York, 445,000 lbs. Including these two latter cargoes and that of the outgoing steamer, the export would be nearly two million pounds in excess of that of last season at the same date. Quotations:-Common, $5 to 28 per picul; good common, $20 to 31; medium $33 to 36; good medium, $37 to 40; fine, $41 to 43; finest, $44 to 47; choice, $50 and upwards.\n\nHIOGO-OSAKA A fairly active business had been transacted. Prices at the commencement of the month to within a few days of the close were easier, but owing to large purchases having been made, a hardening tendency was apparent at the close for all grades. Low grades were still scarce and dear. Settlements for the month from 15th Aug- were returned at 5,500 piculs, making a total of 26,000 piculs for the season, against 16,000 piculs for the corresponding period last year. Stocks were estimated at 5,000 piculs. The Caller On was loading for New York, and the Engelbert would take about 75 tons to San Francisco. The Jessie Isabel was about to sail for New York, with 293,064 lbs. Quotations Common, $16 to 20 per picul; good common, $21 to 25; medium, $26 to 30; good medium, $31 to 35; fine, $36 to 40; finest, $42 to 46; choice, $48 to 53; choicest, $54 and upwards.\n\nHANKOW. More business and a general advance of Tls. 1 per picul was reported. Settlements and reshipments for the week about 11,000 chests, Stock 3,300 packages, against about 1,400 last year.\n\nExport to date 51,000,000 lbs., against 53,000,000 lbs. last year at same time. Exchange, 6 m.s. Credit paper had advanced to 8.5 per tael, and the rates on Shanghai had risen to 3 per cent. for sight drafts and 3¾ per cent. for 10 days' paper.\n\nSHANGHAI. Black: The business in Congous had been unimportant, but former rates had been fairly supported by the extreme firmness of holders. Settlements for the week, 5,489 chests, at Tls. 14.50 to 30 per picul; stock, 29,120 chests, Green: No feature worthy of any special comment had presented itself; a little more had been done since exchange weakened. Attention had chiefly been turned to Moyanes.\n\nAMOY. Only about 1,000 half-chests of Ooloongs had been settled, and buyers were not operating owing to the uncertainty about the course of the exchange market. Tea-men were anxious to sell, but would not make a sufficient concession to counterbalance the advance in exchange. The steamship Teviot had sailed for New York with about 3,000 half-chests Amoy Ooloongs; the steamship Surprise was expected, and the Anglo-Saxon was the only vessel on the berth for that destination. Arrivals of Ooloongs to date, 174,916 half-chests: settlements 158,813, and stock 16,103 half-chests.\n\nCANTON. There had been but little inquiry for any descriptions, and the market had continued very quiet.\n\nSILK.\n\nYOKOHAMA. The market had continued to be fairly active, and a good business had been done, settlements amounting to about 1,800 bales, Hanks sorts as usual forming the bulk. Prices for both Hanks and Oshus (with the exception of Hamatskis which showed a still further decline) had advanced about $20 per picul. Quotations:-Hanks, Mybash and Sinchu, extra 32s. 6d., best 30s. 3¼d. to 31s. 0d., medium 28s. to 29s. 6d., inferior 24s. 6d. to 27s. 3d.; Oshu, extra 32s. 6d., best 31s. 6d. to 31s. 3d., medium 28s. 9d. to 29s. 10d., inferior 27s. 3d. to 28s.; Hamatski, medium 26s. 6d. to 27s. 6d.; Coshu, best 28s. 0d., medium 24s. 3d. to 26s. 7. Silk Worms' Eggs: Total arrivals to date about 750,000 cards, and settlements estimated at 450,900 cards; prices for green annuals quoted as follows- Best $8 to 9.75 per candil, good $2.50 to 3, medium $2 to 2.50, inferior $1.75 to 2; white annuals were worth $3 to 3.90 per card.\n\nSHANGHAI. At the close of last mail a considerable business was done, and buying had continued, partly stimulated by a lower exchange, and about 1,700 bales had found buyers at prices varying very little from those given in our last report. Good Silk had been steady and in fair demand, while common descriptions were neglected and declining. Tsatlee Market nearly cleared of Chop Silk, as also of good medium sorts, and in some instances contracts had been made for delivery of these latter for next mail. Hangchow: Sellers of medium at Tls. 400 to 465, but no buyers. Hainings: In consequence of the absence of demand for Raw Hainings last season, the bulk of the crop had this year been re-reeled. Export of Raw Haining little over 200 bales Stock of 1,100 bales last year, and holders of good Silks very firm. 250 bales included 100 bales of Fatmow's chop, which were held for Tls. 520 for No. 9 Taysaam: No settlements of Kaling reported. No. 3 to 3 Chincum bought at Tls. 400, Shaouhing at Tls. 380, and ordinary Laeyang at Tls. 345. Re-reeled: Fair Haining Tls. 500 to 570, medium offering at Tls. 510 to 550, Tsatlee still in over-supply, and prices weak.\n\nCANTON. Little or no change had taken place, and inactivity had prevailed. Prices were slightly easier, but no actual reduction had been made. The fifth crop, which continued to arrive, was of very poor quality--flabby but dry. The sixth crop, it was reported, will be no larger than the fifth, cold winds, which had come earlier than usual, having damaged the mulberry trees. The high rate of exchange and discouraging news from home still kept buyers out of the market, and in consequence the settlements were very small--under 50 bales; the present mail would, however, take forward some 300 bales of previous settlements. Stock, 2,000 bales Tsatlee, and with the sixth Crop and remainder of the fifth at least 3,500 bales more would be offered on the market this season. Several contracts for Rereels had been entered into, but for cargo ready for shipment there was no demand; some dealers were keeping back their stocks on the strength of the inferiority of the crops to arrive.\n\nThe Messageries Maritimes Co's steamer Pello, with the present inward French mail, arrived at Marseilles on the 12th inst. at eight A.M. She brings 68 passengers, 1,014 bales of silk, 1,912 packages tea, 309 packages copper, 1,868 bales tobacco, and 340 packages sundries for London. The cargo will be forwarded to London by the Company's steamer Copernic, and may be expected here about the 26th inst.\n\nBIRTHS, MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS.\n\nBIRTHS.\n\nALLEN-On the 10th Nov, at Singapore, Straits Settlements, the wife of Willworth Allen, Esq., of a daughter.\n\nBADGE-On the 20th Sept., at Hiogo, the wife of G. Badge, Esq., of a son.\n\nBOWRING-On the 10th Nov., at Torquay, the wife of Lewin B. Bowring, Esq., C.S.I., of a son.\n\nGERNON-On the 20th Sept., at Singapore, the wife of P. Gernon, of a son.\n\nGILLILAN-On the 4th Nov., at 4, Lyndhurst-road, Hampstead, Mrs. S. Gillilan, of a daughter.\n\nGRABHAM-On the 19th Sept., at her residence, Bangkok, Siam, Mrs. Graham, wife of Geo. G. Grabham, of a son.\n\nNOETZLI-On the 25th Sept., at Foochow, the wife of O. Noetzli, Imperial Maritime Customs, of a son.\n\nSWINHOE-On the 28th Sept., at the British Consulate, Ningpo, China, the wife of Robert Swinhoe, Esq., of a son.\n\nDEATHS.\n\nMACCAUGHEY-On the 6th Nov., at Akeley Wood, Backs, Hugh Wade Maccaughey, late of Wimbledon and Marine-parade, Brighton, in his 75th year.\n\nSOUCHAY-On the 11th Nov., at Withington House, Manchester, Charles Isaac Souchay, aged 78.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-159 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [9-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 298433,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]",
        "page_number": 357,
        "title": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]",
        "content_text": "We see extensive deposits constantly forming in front of the Happy Valley and entailing periodically a large outlay in their removal by the dredging of the Bowrington Canal. Again, abreast of the Wanchai Gap Valley and along the foreshore near No. 2 Police Station the same thing is occurring, and it was but last year that the Government was compelled to project an artificial and unsightly reclamation beyond the line of the Praya Wall in order to save the Wanchai Sewers from getting choked by sud. Next in order of succession come the Magazine Nullah and the subject of the Commanding Royal Engineer's Memorandum, , the Albany Nullah and its water-shed, forming no exception to the general rule.\n\nOne quarter of a mile to the West again, follows the Glenealy Valley the rain-drainage of which is carried to the sea under the City by means of a great stone sewer through which have passed and are passing hundreds of tons of sand, a large portion of which has to be removed periodically to prevent the sewer outlets from becoming buried in it. Still further to the West follow four parallel water-sheds with smaller drainage areas, but which nevertheless pour out year after year huge masses of silt along the sea in front of the Chinese districts. Last but not least at the extreme Western suburb, and near the Gas Works, the Shek-tong-Tsui stream rolls out into the Bay so large an amount of mud and débris as to have already formed a spit or tongue projecting to a considerable distance beyond its mouth, and which as regards growth and dimensions is only equalled by the deposits at Bowrington.\n\n9. It is certain therefore that a far more anxious question than the silting up of the Albany Nullah mouth, no less a one than the rapid shoaling of the entire water-frontage of Victoria awaits solution at the hands of the Imperial and the Island Governments. That this shoaling is going on in a very sure and steady manner is a fact which unfortunately can admit of no possible doubt, for above low water mark the evidence of one's own senses, and below low water mark, the soundings which have been periodically taken off the Praya Wall too clearly indicate its uninterrupted progress.\n\n10. Along the western half of the City where land is very valuable, the difficulty, which is by no means a new one, has always been met and overcome, and will always continue to be successfully overcome by the periodical construction of a new breast wall out in deeper water, and by the artificial conversion of the sea behind it into dry land, which is bought with avidity for building purposes and at a Crown rental sufficiently high eventually to reimburse the Government for a considerable portion of the outlay entailed.\n\n11. In the eastern half of the City, along the Bowrington and Wanchai districts, it is otherwise. There, the shoaling extends very much further out from the shore owing to the configuration of the latter and to the inaction of the tides. Consequently a new sea wall, if built in moderately deep water, would have to be placed at a very great distance out from the present shore, and the area to be reclaimed behind it would be so enormous as to render the undertaking a very serious one, especially as it is very doubtful whether any body could be found to purchase the new ground after it was made. The present Sea Wall and Praya roadway along these districts were built in 1859, during SIR JOHN BOWRING'S administration. The reclamation extended from the Military Arsenal to East Point a distance of one mile, and it is said that for a few years after its completion, junks and small craft were able to moor alongside and make fast to the wall. To-day however, except in a few places, this same wall is inaccessible at low water spring tides even to the smallest rowing skiff, and during extraordinarily low springs it is seen to be fringed by a foreshore over the greater part of which one may walk dryshod.\n\nPage 356\n\n12. In the central District, a large portion of the waterside is the property of the Naval and Military Departments, and it has fared no better. The sea is receding, and Her Majesty's Naval Yard, which a few years ago had an approach sufficiently deep for gunboats to lie at the head of the Admiralty Pier while refitting, will be eventually left high and dry. Nothing different could have been foreseen by either of the Imperial Departments when years ago they selected the sites for their waterside premises, and it is not to be wondered that the approaches to the same should now be found shallowed when it is borne in mind that Colonial lands parcelled out at the same time into Marine Lots have long since passed into the category of Inland Lots, and that the new properties built out into the sea which caused this change have again in their turn, after a short existence as Marine Lots, been subjected to the same change of classification by fresh reclamations in their front.\n\n13. It has been necessary to review the question generally, before adverting specially to the individual case of the Albany Stream, in order to show that the evils complained of in the Commanding Royal Engineer's Memorandum are not restricted solely to the neighbourhood of the Military reservations. And in regard to this Albany Stream, I have the honour, with all due deference, to submit that although its silting may entirely originate as stated in paragraph 5 of the Memorandum, on the hill sides which are Colonial Government property, the cause is as completely beyond the control of the Colonial Government as it is beyond that of the War Department and its Officers; nor can it be possible to hold the former even partially responsible for the silting of the stream, as inferred by the tenour of the Commanding Royal Engineer's Memorandum, any more than it can be made answerable for the physical configuration of the Island, for its latitude and longitude, for its rainfall, for the geological inability of its surface to withstand meteorological influences, or for any other natural cause whatsoever.\n\n14. Nor am I prepared, after very careful investigation, to acquiesce in the correctness of the statement made in paragraph 4 of the Memorandum, to the effect that the obstruction at the mouth of the stream has been caused by the rubbish tipped into it at the Roman Catholic Chapel by the public at large. Before the Typhoon of September, 1874, this abuse never existed at all, for the man in charge of the Chapel was always on the alert to prevent it. After the Typhoon when the Chapel became a ruin, it is true that some people threw broken tiles and brickbats in its vicinity, but these attracting the notice of the Police a stop was put to the irregularity. Since then Police notice boards strictly forbidding persons to shoot rubbish anywhere in the vicinity have been posted, nevertheless in spite of these and the vigilance of the Inspectors of Nuisances it is quite true that on several occasions people have been detected committing the same offence. I would however point out that such cases have been rare, and there can be no doubt that on this point the Commanding Royal Engineer must surely have been misinformed. I am told that the servants of one of the War Department tenants who keeps a large livery Stable and Dairy on Ordnance Land used to be seen throwing rubbish into the watercourse, this however the Police could not well have prevented as they do not patrol military grounds. But whatever abuses of this kind may have occurred, they could not to any extent appreciable by the eye, have aided in or contributed to the great operations of Nature which have been described in regard to other streams and which are the true causes of the present condition of the Albany Nullah.\n\n15. For these operations of Nature, Nature alone is responsible, and it should not be sought by proclaiming the ownership of the ground on which they occur, to lay at the door of a sister service, evils which each of the Departments has in its turn, at one time or another, had to combat single-handed and from its own resources, and to which all three alike became liable to be exposed when Her Majesty's Government assumed possession of this Island with all its physical peculiarities and drawbacks.\n\n16. It is clear from the Commanding Royal Engineer's Memorandum that the condition of the Nullah has become as serious a matter for consideration by the ...",
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    {
        "id": 303743,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-184 - Governor Hennessy - 1879 [1-5]",
        "page_number": 335,
        "title": "CO129-184 - Governor Hennessy - 1879 [1-5]",
        "content_text": "# The Daily Press\n## HONGKONG, MAY 18T, 1879.\n\n### ARRIVAL OF GENERAL GRANT IN HONGKONG\n\nYesterday morning, in anticipation of the arrival of General Grant, the following official notification was published in our Shipping Extra:---\n\n\"Referring to the previous notice on the subject of General Grant's arrival, it is now intimated that, if the mail steamer should come in before five o'clock this afternoon, the public landing will probably take place between one and two hours after she anchors. If she arrives after five o'clock to-day, or early to-morrow, the landing will take place about ten o'clock to-morrow. It has been arranged that, in any case, General Grant, on leaving the *Iraouaddy*, will first proceed to the U.S. ship-of-war *Ashuelot*. A salute will be fired from the *Ashuelot* when he goes on board, and after the salute there will be an interval of forty-five minutes before he leaves the *Ashuelot* for Murray Pier. Civil officials attending will not be required to wear uniforms.\"\n\nAt five minutes to two o'clock the gun at the Peak signalled the approach of the French mail steamer---two or three hours in advance of the time she was expected---and half an hour later the *Iraouaddy* steamer into the harbour. The American merchantmen and a few English vessels dressed ship on hearing the first gun, and on the *Iraouaddy* steaming through the harbour with the American ensign at the main the various ships dipped their flag, which compliments were acknowledged by the mail steamer. As soon as she had anchored Colonel Mosby, the United States Consul, boarded the vessel, and received General Grant, to whom he introduced Dr. Lochhead, who accompanied the Consul. Shortly afterwards the Government steam-launch *Victoria*, with Mr. Chester Holcombe, Chargé d'Affaires of the United States in China, and Mr. C. P. Lincoln, American Consul at Canton, arrived, and they were introduced to the General and his party by Colonel Mosby. General Grant is accompanied by Mrs. Grant, the Hon. A. E. Borie, ex-Secretary of the United States Navy, Lieut.-Colonel F. D. Grant, United States Army, Dr. John M. Keating, and Mr. John Russell Young.\n\nThe General was next introduced to Mr. W. H. Forbes, the Hon. P. Ryrie, Dr. Von der Horek, Dr. Eastroke, Mr. Eastlacke, Jun., and Master W. Eastlacke. The latter presented to Mrs. Grant a bouquet and silver holder, attached to which was a card with the following inscription: \"Her little American friend Willie Eastlacke presents this bouquet to Mrs. Grant. Welcome to Hongkong.\" As a coincidence, we may mention that the same young gentleman presented to Mrs. Grant the first bouquet she received whilst in Berlin.\n\nIn the course of conversation General Grant expressed himself much pleased with the appearance of Hongkong, as viewed from the water, asked several questions about the place, and particularly inquired for the site of the Great Fire of Christmas last. Subsequently, Prince Kuki Ria Tchi, Secretary of the Japanese Ministry of Public Instruction, was introduced to General Grant by Mr. Holcombe, with whom he had a long conversation through an interpreter from the Japanese Consulate.\n\nAt five minutes to four o'clock the General and his party, accompanied by Mr. Holcombe, Colonel Mosby, Mr. Lincoln, and Dr. Lochhead, were conducted to the gangway of the *Iraouaddy* by Captain Ganvain, and embarked on the steam launch *Victoria* for the United States steamer *Ashuelot*, the route taken by the launch, which was round the *Oceanic*, being kept by the Water Police under the charge of Inspector Matheson.\n\nThe gallant General, on setting his foot upon the deck over which floated the \"Stars and Stripes,\" received a salute of 21 guns and the national flag was hoisted at the fore and the yards manned. We may mention that General Grant is the only living American---the President excepted---who is entitled to this honour, the only difference in receiving the President and the ex-President being that for the former the flag is run up at the main and for the latter as above described. General Grant was then introduced by Mr. Chester Holcombe, U.S. Chargé d'Affaires in China, to Captain Perkins and the officers of the ship, including H. D. McEwan, Chief Engineer; C. Belknap, Lieutenant; C. H. Thomson, Paymaster; Dr. Fitz-Simmons; A. F. Freeman, Master; C. W. Deering, Ensign; A. L. Case, Ensign; G. D. Strickland, Assistant-Engineer; A. F. Callander, Mate. General Grant most cordially shook hands with his countrymen, and Mrs. Grant, and the General's son, Lieut.-Colonel F. D. Grant, and the remainder of the party were then introduced. Captain Perkins, giving his arm to Mrs. Grant, then led the party from the quarter-deck and offered them refreshment. Judge Denny, Consul at Tientsin, who came here to welcome the General, was introduced to him when the party reached the hurricane deck. Judge Denny has been exerting himself at Tientsin to secure a hearty welcome for General Grant when he visits that place. All the officers of the *Ashuelot* were in full uniform, and the guard of Marines presented arms when the General came on board. After a short visit to his ship, Captain Perkins saw his distinguished visitors safely on board the Government launch, which---lying to till the General had received his salute of departure of 21 guns, the Marine Guard again presenting arms, and the men manning the yards---steamed slowly towards Murray Pier.\n\nImmediately after the salute by the *Ashuelot*, the Japanese corvette *Nissin*, Captain Kasama, paid the General a similar compliment.\n\nDuring the time the General and party were on board the *Ashuelot* preparations were made to receive them on the Murray Pier, which had been tastefully decorated in honour of the occasion under the superintendence of one of the officials belonging to the Survey Department. At the head of the pier were three flag-staffs, the centre bearing the American ensign, the English and French being on either side. A mat-shed, draped and surrounded with flags of all nationalities, the pillars being wreathed with evergreens and decorated with flags, had been erected by the landing steps. Inside, the shed was ornamented with American shields and evergreens. The pier throughout its whole length was lined with flags, and the landing steps and pier were laid with red cloth. At the entrance to the pier was a well-designed bamboo arch decorated with evergreens.",
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    {
        "id": 318453,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-203 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [10]",
        "page_number": 10,
        "title": "CO129-203 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [10]",
        "content_text": "# To His Excellency \n\n## Celilliam Henry Marsh, \nCompanion of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, Administrator of the Colony of Hongkong and its Dependencies.\n\n**THE MEMORIAL OF THE UNDERSIGNED GARDEN LOT HOLDERS OF KOWLOON PENINSULA.**\n\nHumbly Showeth, \n\nAS FOLLOWS :---\n\n1. In the month of April, A.D. 1876, a Petition was addressed by the Garden Lot Holders of Kowloon to the then Governor of this Colony (His Excellency Sir Arthur Kennedy), praying for new Leases of their respective Lots on terms and conditions similar to those enjoyed by the Holders of Farm or Rural Building Leases, (a printed copy of this Petition is hereto appended, marked `A`).\n\n2. To this Petition the Petitioners received an answer from His Excellency the Governor on the 30th day of December, 1876, (hereto appended marked `B`), and a further reply on the 6th June, 1877, conveying to them the purport of a despatch from the Right Honourable The Secretary of State for the Colonies to whom their Petition had been referred, (hereto appended marked `C`). Both these replies were unfavourable, the Government \"being able to perceive\" that the circumstances had undergone no material change since 1873, when the Policy of granting Leases of Kowloon Land for Fourteen Years only was adopted.\n\n3. Notwithstanding this discouragement your Memorialists, feeling aggrieved at the dismissal of their former Petition on the ground above stated, which does not in their opinion touch the substantial merits and equity of their case, and material changes having happened venture to respectfully approach Your Excellency on the same subject. In doing so they propose now to enter more fully than in their former Petition into the facts and arguments affecting their position.\n\n4. Your Memorialists observe that Land in Yau-mah-tei, Kowloon, is held on Leases of four different kinds :---\n\n| Type | Location | Lease Terms |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| A. | Yau-mah-tei | Seventy-five Years' Building Leases with terms similar to Inland Lots in Victoria, Hongkong |\n| B. | vicinity of Yau-mah-tei | One Farm Lease for Seventy-five Years |\n| C. | Tsim-sha-tsui, Kowloon | Inland Lots and Marine Lots let on Nine hundred and Ninety-nine Years' Leases |\n| D. | Tsim-sha-tsui | Garden Leases for Fourteen Years at an average rental of about $20 per acre per year |\n\nBy the provisions of this last mentioned form of Lease the Lessees are prohibited, without the written consent of the Governor, from erecting any buildings on their land and from assigning, or under-letting, or otherwise parting with the possession of their premises, and power is reserved to Her Majesty at any time during the continuance of the term of the lease to resume the whole or any portion of the land demised, no compensation for this resumption being provided by the terms of the lease itself.",
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    {
        "id": 321646,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-209 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [5]",
        "page_number": 59,
        "title": "CO129-209 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [5]",
        "content_text": "2\n\nboardock with a patent slip to hard up steam launches (vide tracing\n\nB\n\n2) I should submit to His Excellency the Administrator, the risk involved\n\nin not proceeding with the boat dock reclamations on Government\n\non\n\naccount at the same time as those\n\nof Messrs: Jardine and Matheson.\n\n2. So long as the gap exists\n\nthere will be the danger of the\n\ntyphoon seas\n\nundermining and annihilating\n\nthe new seawall and marine\n\nembankment adjoining.\n\nIt is only when there is a continuous or unbroken\n\nfront of masonry presented to the\n\nwaves that safety is to be found, it would appear to be only\n\nan act of\n\nordinary\n\nC\n\n3\n\n58\n\nordinary precaution to set the boat dock wall in hand now, with\n\na view to getting it sufficiently advanced to form already\n\nsome sort\n\nof protection by September, the month\n\nmost to be feared.\n\n3. I have consulted Mr. Zeani as to Police requirements and beg to propose a boat dock or basin 200 feet\n\nby 100 feet to form a safe\n\nsheltered access to the patent slip, which is intended to haul the police\n\nSteam launches out of danger in the approach of a typhoon.\n\n4. The cost of the patent slip and basin will be $35,000 including\n\na swing bridge over the Kowloon\n\nPraya",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-209 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [5].txt",
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    {
        "id": 324922,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-215 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 182,
        "title": "CO129-215 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "Among the French one feeling prevailed.\n\nThe result obtained in having in any way induced the Government of Hué to accord this audience, which might have the most serious consequences, was so far satisfactory that all desired to see the ceremony terminated, and the victory definitely assured.\n\nThe sun shone brightly; the rain of the preceding days had cleared the atmosphere; the air was pure and sweet. Quiet calm reigned, in the midst of which was distinguished from the distance a low murmur from the Annamite troops assembled in the interior of the citadel. They felt that something unusual was about to happen; while the high black walls of the city frowned upon them, imparting to the scene the appearance of an immense necropolis.\n\nAt a quarter to eight o'clock the first chamberlain of the kingdom arrived at the legation; the introducteur of the ambassadors came to seek the Minister of France and the Resident of Hué to present them to the King. The cortège started from the legation on foot between the ranks of soldiers of the infantry marine, who presented arms while the trumpets sounded the advance. At the head were M. Tricou, Minister Plenipotentiary of France, Envoy Extraordinary to Hué, and M. de Champeaux, Resident of France at the Court of Hué. Afterwards came M. Lejard, Capitaine de frégate, commander-in-chief of Thuan-an, M. Caly, secretary to the Minister, and M. Radiguet, captain of infantry marine, commanding the troops of the legation. They embarked in the large barge of the legation, which, towed by a steam launch sent from Thuan-an, crossed the river followed by sampans bearing the Vietnamese and his suite. On arriving at the other bank, the French trumpeters again saluted the plenipotentiaries. A section of twenty men of the marine infantry, commanded by a lieutenant, remained to escort them as far as the interior of the citadel.\n\nA short distance from the landing place, palanquins were prepared, richly ornamented with that blending of brilliant colours which is characteristic of the peoples of the Far East. Each one took his place in the palanquin provided for him, and the procession continued its course. On each side of the road the Annamite garrison formed a line. Miserable and dirty as the uniforms are when closely viewed, they nevertheless have a picturesque and charming effect. The red tunics of the marines followed the blue jackets of the soldiers, which were again succeeded by warriors in many colours, with the arms of a bygone age, immense pointed hats, long bamboo spears, rusty old flint guns, and painted wooden sabres, the whole presenting from a distance a spectacle not wanting in grandeur and originality.\n\nThey passed the first gate, from which the King is accustomed to pass out when he goes upon the river, between the lines of the royal troops which stood motionless and silent, and after traversing a considerable space arrived at a second wall and a second gateway. Following the ceremonial fixed of old, the escort of marine infantry stopped to await there the return of the minister. The Court of Hué had, however, managed matters well; a collation was served for our soldiers, all of whom were proud to be of the small number of western barbarians who were able to enter the outer precincts.\n\nA turn to the left, along fortifications furnished with European and Chinese cannon, and the cortège arrived at an immense court, where were gathered the guards of the King. In the centre, the elephants of war, armed for combat, the driver mounted on the neck, stood motionless as giants cast in bronze. Not one stirred; they appeared as if petrified; only their quick, restless, little eyes were directed to the cortège as it passed through the midst of them between a double line of flags and banners with colours flying. Behind these was the cavalry, mounted on the small horses of the country, drawn out in line, and behind these again, the artillery. The cannon themselves were of the most curious patterns, side by side, and the gunners, dressed in blue, were ranged beside their pieces, solemn and mute. The silence was profound. Above the walls could be distinguished the red and grey outlines of the temples and apartments of the palace. The grinning dragons of stone which ornamented the cornices seemed scarcely out of place in the general grotesque solemnity of the scene.\n\nAll this architecture of another age and of a civilization of which we have no knowledge formed only an appropriate frame for this oriental ceremony. Leaving this first court, a second was traversed before arriving at the palace of the King, where, in the middle of a square of troops, with strange banners, were the war horse and the elephant of the King, all equipped as if for a parade. At the end of this court the cortège stopped, and after descending from their palanquins the French were invited to partake of a collation, which was served to them in an antique pagoda.\n\nThere they awaited until His Majesty was ready to receive them, and, upon being requested, deposited their arms, the oriental custom not permitting arms to be borne in the presence of the sovereign. After a short time the Regent of the kingdom arrived and invited the Frenchmen to follow him to be admitted to the presence of the King.\n\nThey then arrived in the last court, a place of great grandeur. On either side of the door which gave access into this court, paved entirely with marble, were two enormous bronze vases, carved and engraved with that finish and patience peculiar to the people of the East; without doubt a present from some Emperor of China to the kings of Annam who were formerly considered to be the vassals of the former.\n\nA richly-dressed and imposing throng filled this last chamber. On the right were the civil, and, on the left, the military mandarins, all in gala costume. They were grouped by classes; here the robes of yellow, there those of blue, then black, then red. Those clothed in brocaded materials followed those in silk, black turbans and white turbans, original Mongol hats and bonnets with the wings of the dragon of Annam.\n\nIn the middle of the court were placed five carpets for the guests of the King, and in front a large stone staircase led to the grand hall of audience, at the end of which was the throne. Above, the roof of the palace, with brightly varnished tiles of yellow and green, resembled a dome of gold under the rays of the bright sun, giving an air of richness to this grand and ancient palace, over which ever seems to hover the odour of the tomb.\n\nA great shout announced the arrival of the King, who seated himself on his throne. He was clothed in the yellow robe of the sovereign.\n\nKing Kien-phuc is a youth of fifteen years, whom the course of events has only about a month since placed in power. He is, however, the direct heir of the Emperor Tu-Duc and of his successor Hiep-Hoa. The new emperor of Annam is of slight build, with an intelligent and soft eye, and his whole physiognomy is marked by that air of gravity which is possessed by the people of Asiatic race and which becomes a monarch who holds in his hands the destinies of twenty millions of men.\n\nBehind the throne the ministers were ranged in a half circle. All at once a voice was heard. The grand master of the ceremonies advanced from the ranks of the mandarins to present to the King the Minister of France. M. Tricou advanced, followed by M. de Champeaux and the persons of the suite. After saluting the King, each took his place on the carpet reserved for him. The premier mandarin then presented to his sovereign the representatives of the Government of the Republic, who again saluted and retired backwards.\n\nThe King then retired into the Chamber of Audience, to which the Minister of France and M. de Champeaux were introduced by a side staircase. M. Tricou opened the conversation by expressing his best wishes for the welfare of the King in the name of the President of the Republic. The Emperor Kien-phuc in response inquired after the health of M. Grévy. He said that he looked upon France as a friendly nation and that he desired only to see the good relations which had always existed between the two countries continue.\n\nA treaty had been made at Hué by M. Harmand after the capture of Thuan-an, but certain clauses of this treaty bore so hardly on the Annamite nation that he was very desirous of seeing some amendments made. He counted on the kindness of the President of the Republic to consent to some slight modifications in favour of the people of Annam, who were devoted to him.\n\nM. Tricou then replied that he was much gratified with the words uttered by the King and that he would faithfully report them to the President of the Republic. He had no doubt as to their reception by M. Grévy.\n\nThe Minister saluted the King for the last time and the cortège reformed in order to leave the palace.\n\nAt the gates of the city an immense crowd was assembled, which now regarded us no longer as enemies but as allies. The Annamites who had deserted Hué at the approach of the French had all returned; it was clear that their confidence had been regained; tranquility had succeeded to terror; war had been replaced by peace.\n\nAs a proof of his attachment to France, H. E. the Regent Nguyen Van Tuong accepted, with pleasure, an invitation to breakfast, which was given him by M. Tricou. The Minister of France having proposed a toast to King Kien-phuc, the Regent responded by proposing the health of M. Jules Grévy. After the breakfast the Regent carried on a long conversation with the Minister, in which he showed his good feeling towards France. Understanding that it was to the interest of Annam to conform to modern ideas, he promised to use his influence to induce the council of ministers to join in these views. Afterwards certain clauses of the treaty were discussed, and when their Excellencies separated in the evening, France counted one more ally.\n\n180",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-215 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [1-4].txt",
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    {
        "id": 325219,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-215 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 479,
        "title": "CO129-215 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "THE FRENCH MILITARY OPERATIONS IN TONQUIN. (From our Special Correspondent.)\n\nFALL OF BACNINH; RETREAT OF THE CHINESE. ADVANCE OF FRENCH TROOPS ON THAI-NGUYEN AND LANGSON.\n\nBacninh, March 15. The long awaited coup has been struck and Bacninh is in the hands of the French. But though the French soldier now occupies the house of the vanquished, and the French flag waves over the battlements of the citadel, no one is satisfied.\n\nThe victory has been of the hollowest, the success the most empty. The well-designed scheme for forcing the Chinese garrison to fight a decisive engagement, by closing their means of retreat, and thus striking a blow which should at once bring the Chinese Government to terms, has utterly failed, and the only result obtained is the removal of the theatre of operation, to the North, nearer the frontier, further from the base.\n\nThe plan of hemming in the Chinese troops was certainly not an easy one to carry out, but it is probable that it might have been, at all events to a great extent, achieved, had General Negrier been well supported by his naval colleagues in command of the flotilla.\n\nThe original design of dividing the Hanoi brigade into two columns appears to have been abandoned and General Brière de L'Isle left Hanoi, accompanied by the Commander-in-chief, on the morning of the 8th inst. The whole of the troops comprising the 1st brigade were landed at a point a little below Hanoi and above Batang, and, after marching about nine miles, bivouacked for the night at a village called Noi-phot.\n\nIt was intended that General Brière should have formed a junction with the left of General Negrier's brigade at Chi Marché, a village on the Canal des Rapides about half-way between the Red River and the Song-cau, on the 9th, but the roads were found to be so bad and impracticable that General Brière was unable to carry out the programme.\n\nThe night of the 9th was passed at the village of Ngon, close to the Haiduong road, the 10th at Bou-quoi, and it was not until the morning of the 11th that the column arrived at the banks of the canal, and then, not at Chi Marché but at Xa, a few miles above the appointed place of meeting.\n\nThe march, thus far, had been almost entirely unopposed by the enemy.\n\nGeneral Negrier, in the meanwhile, left Haiduong on the morning of the 7th and arrived at the advanced post of the Seven Pagodas the same day. On the 8th he pushed forward, the left wing of his column following the course of the Canal des Rapides, while the right rested upon the Song-cau.\n\nTwo of the light draft gunboats, the Trombe and the Eclaire, ascended the canal with the left wing, but afterwards rejoined the flotilla on the Song-cau. The latter had succeeded in forcing the first barrier on the river near Yen-ding, and it was here that the first skirmish with the enemy took place.\n\nEarthworks were erected close by the river with a few guns covering the approach, while the tops of some neighbouring hills were also entrenched and stockaded. The position was actually one of considerable defensive strength, but a very poor stand was made by the Chinese troops occupying the post.\n\nA few shells from the gunboats soon settled the lower fortifications, while the garrisons of the hill forts evacuated their post and escaped in the direction of Bacninh on the marine fusiliers advancing to storm the heights.\n\nOwing to General Brière not arriving as expected, two days' delay in advancing then occurred. When, however, that General had crossed the Canal, on the 11th, General Negrier at once pushed forward towards Bacninh.\n\nThe flotilla, which consisted of the Pluvier, Lynn, Leopard, Aspic, Éclair, Trombe, and Carabine, and several launches and junks with provisions, left Yen-ding early on the 12th but were forced to stop a little higher up the river, at Langhon, by another barricade of stone and sunken junks.\n\nThe Commodore of the flotilla, Captain Morel Beaulieu, was provided with torpedoes and other appliances, besides having plenty of coolies to employ in the removal of the barrier, but as far as I could see no serious effort was made to force or remove the obstruction until the next day, when it became known that General Negrier had pushed forward and occupied Bacninh on the evening of the 12th.\n\nThe whole plan of cutting off the retreat of the Chinese rested upon the rapid advance of the gunboats to Lai-cau, the nearest point on the river to Bacninh, where a bamboo bridge across the stream connects with the Thai-nguyen and Langson roads.\n\nThe commandant of the flotilla failed to force the barrier and thus when General Negrier arrived at Bacninh, after a little skirmishing with the enemy, who were posted on the fortified hills close to the town, he found the citadel evacuated by the garrison, the Chinese having crossed the bridge and retreated along the roads towards the northern frontier.\n\nA little opposition was met with at some of the outer fortified posts which surround Bacninh and it was here that the French forces sustained the only losses of any consequence which were suffered during the operations, these amounting in all to five killed, of whom two were officers, and about sixty wounded, most of them very slightly.\n\nWhile occupying the town and citadel, on the evening of the 12th, General Negrier sent forward a strong detachment of marine fusiliers and tirailleurs to Lai-cau, but they were too late to cut off the retreat of the evacuating force, as the last straggling bands of the Chinese army were seen crossing the bridge over the Song-cau as the French troops advanced.\n\nThe greater part of them had, however, left the citadel twenty-four hours before the arrival of General Negrier's force.\n\nPage 477",
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        "id": 329270,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-223 - Governor Sir Bowen Acting Governor Marsh & Others - 1885 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 49,
        "title": "CO129-223 - Governor Sir Bowen Acting Governor Marsh & Others - 1885 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "## PS \n\nI would suggest that a copy of this despatch and of its enclosure should be transmitted to the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty.\n\n## SMB.\n\n## Enclosure \n\n### FAREWELL BALL TO ADMIRAL DOWELL AT THE CITY HALL\n\nThough organised upon very brief notice, this Ball proved one of the most successful ever given in this colony. Scarcely more than a week elapsed from the time that the gallant Admiral expressed his preference for a ball over a banquet, before the event took place, but nevertheless nothing was found wanting, and the arrangements last night were as complete and the decorations as good as if the Ball had been premeditated months before. The reasons which influenced the leading residents in Hongkong in taking special steps to do honour to Admiral Sir W. M. Dowell previous to his departure for England need not be gone into here at any length, as they will be found fully set out below in the address presented to the gallant officer at the supper and in the speeches which accompanied it. His former association with the colony, services rendered in past times, and the effective manner in which he maintained the honour of England in those seas during the late Franco-Chinese and the Anglo-Russian crisis have been deemed fully sufficient reasons for this mark of esteem. Admiral Dowell's connection with the Royal Navy commenced in 1839, and probably his recollections of Hongkong are not the least pleasant among his many and varied experiences. His sterling and genial qualities have rendered him popular both afloat and ashore here, and the Squadron and the community here alike regret that his stay in these waters has been so short.\n\nThe general Committee for the Ball was a large one, and was appointed eight days since at the preliminary meeting called by the Chamber of Commerce, which body has been mainly instrumental in bringing about last night's gathering. The Committee comprised the following gentlemen: Mr. Justice Ackroyd, Mr. G. C. Anderson, Dr. P. B. C. Ayres, Messrs. E. R. Belilios, J. Bell-Irving, S. G. Bird, C. D. Bottomley, C. E. Bowles, E. Barney, G. de Champeaux, C. P. Chater, D. R. Crawford, J. B. Coughtrie, A. Coxon, G. S. Coxon, H. L. Dalrymple, W. H. F. Darby, Victor Deacon, W. M. Deane, W. Durran, N. J. Ede, W. H. Forbes, H. Foss, J. J. Francis, D. Gillies, M. Grote, H. A. Herbert, Dr. Ho Kai, Mr. H. Hoppus, Hon. T. Jackson, Messrs. R. R. Jukes, B. Layton, Lee Sing, Lee Tak Cheong, Hon. A. Lister, Messrs. J. H. S. Lockhart, A. P. MacEwen, John Macgregor, A. McClymont, A. Molver, E. Mackintosh, J. Melville Matson, A. McConachie, H. M. Mehta, G. E. Noble, Hon. E. L. O'Malley, Mr. A. H. Percival, Sir George Phillippo, Mr. L. Poosnecker, Hon. J. M. Price, Mr. W. H. Ray, Mr. A. G. Romano, Capt. Rumsey, Hon. P. Ryrie, Hon. F. D. Sassoon, Messrs. Hormusjee Setus, A. F. Smith, Capt. Steibel, Hon. F. Stewart, Messrs. A. G. Stokes, A. P. Stokes, J. Thorburn, Wei Ayuk, A. Westland, T. H. Whitehead, H. E. Wodehouse, and Hon. Wong Shing.\n\nThe hard work fell into the hands of gentlemen endowed with plenty of energy, and the result of their efforts must have been very gratifying to them, as the City Hall was made to look most charming in every section, and all the arrangements were so well devised that the affair passed off with the greatest éclat and without a single hitch. The working sub-committees were composed as follows:\n\n| Committee | Members |\n| --- | --- |\n| Decoration Committee | The Hon. J. M. Price (Surveyor-General), Captain R. M. Rumsey, and Messrs. A. Coxon and J. B. Coughtrie |\n| Supper Committee | Messrs. A. McClymont and J. Macgregor |\n| Dancing and Music Committee | Messrs. C. E. Bowles and G. S. Coxon |\n| Address Committee | Messrs. MacEwen, Mackintosh, and Francis |\n\nMr. J. Melville-Matson, who kindly volunteered to perform the very onerous duties of honorary secretary, was indefatigable in his exertions, and in the time at his disposal he accomplished wonders, being doubtless greatly assisted by the experience gained by him in a similar position last year on the occasion of the first St. George's Ball in this colony.\n\nThe heaviest work fell upon the Decoration Committee, who achieved a signal success. Mr. Price, with the resources of the Survey Department at his command, undertook the lion's share of the work: the entrance hall, staircase, landings, ante-room, and St. George's Hall. St. Andrew's Hall, the Theatre (Supper Room), &c., were in the hands of the other gentlemen, and by this division of labour two distinct styles of decoration were apparent, giving pleasing variety.\n\nCommencing with the approach to the building, the exterior was brilliantly illuminated by a large gas star over the entrance, and several powerful patent standard burners. The entrance hall disclosed a most attractive vista up the grand staircase. Every column was closely wreathed with spiral ropes of green leaves. On each column was a large gilt shield hanging from three large gilt tridents, and on the face of each shield were either the initials \"W. D.\", or Admiral Dowell's crest, a lion rampant. Round the base of each pillar was a bed of pot plants and shrubs. Passing up the stairs, the stone balustrade was covered with green wreaths and silver sprays, pot plants were placed on either side all the way up, and as far as the first landing a 64-pounder conical shell stood at each side of every stair, making a most effective border. On each of the three large windows on the first landing was a large round gilded shield, with a deep green border, on which were respectively the letters W., M., D., Admiral Dowell's initials. At the head of the stairs stood two brass howitzers mounted on a carriage, and the space of wall around was filled in with pot plants and foliage. On the pilasters all round this landing were similar gilded shields and tridents to those below, being Admiral Dowell's initials or crest, these being surrounded by sprays of bamboo leaves. On the wall spaces between the pilasters were gilded anchors, and above these were round targets in red and gold, with a green moss edging, and a fringe of bright cutlasses, on which were either the crest or monogram of the guest of the evening. From the level of the bottom of the windows to the top of the stairs was hung a wreath in small festoons, and in the centre of each festoon a silvered palm leaf, which had the appearance of the inner side of a marine shell. All the devices were well surrounded by sprays of green foliage and plants.\n\nSt. George's Hall was not profusely decorated, but it was treated with great taste and effect. Festoons of green wreaths depended from the head of each pilaster, and at the top of the pedestal of each was placed a small bank of moss and ferns, from which sprung graceful fronds of maiden hair fern. At the north end there was a large mirror, which was surrounded by pot plants and foliage, and in each doorway was suspended a basket of flowers. Scattered amongst...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-223 - Governor Sir Bowen Acting Governor Marsh & Others - 1885 [11-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 336334,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-237 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1888 [1-6]",
        "page_number": 49,
        "title": "CO129-237 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1888 [1-6]",
        "content_text": "largely benefit the Imperial Government, I earnestly hope that Your Excellency may be able, without further delay, to induce the acceptance of one or other of the above proposals and thus enable the successful accomplishment of the project which has been the subject of such prolonged, and hitherto profitless, discussion.\n\nMoreover, to save the loss of another year in the commencement of the work it is important that the matter should be settled by the 20th for the 3rd week in March, 20 as to permit of the occupation of the rock during the season at which it is comparatively easy. For this reason I have deemed it well to avoid the delay which would be involved in communicating with Your Excellency only after receiving the consent of Her Majesty's Government to the above proposals and have forwarded a copy of this letter to the Secretary of State for the Colonies with the request that Your Excellency may be informed by telegraph of the approval of its contents by Her Majesty's Government.\n\nI need hardly say that the Colony would be under great obligation to Your Excellency if you were able to obtain the early creation of the Lighthouse on terms less onerous to it than those proposed, and I trust that you will agree with me in considering that the Imperial Government might fairly make some concession on the point, in view of the large recent increase to its fleet, and the importance to the latter, as to our mercantile marine, of a provision for saving of time and increased security in the approach to this Port and the Canton River.\n\nI have... \n\n## Page 47\n## Page 50 \n\n% G. William Dar Vaux",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-237 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1888 [1-6].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 337409,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8]",
        "page_number": 440,
        "title": "CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8]",
        "content_text": "# Colonial Secretary's Office Correspondence and Governor's Minute\n\n## Letter from Colonial Secretary to Mr. Chater\n\n**COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE,  \nHONGKONG, 7th July, 1888.**\n\nSIR,\n\nI am directed by the Governor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, dated 4th July, conveying information of the result of the recent meeting of marine lot-holders.\n\nWhile the unanimity of the lot-holders is so far satisfactory that it would render comparatively easy the carrying out of the proposed scheme of Reclamation by means of private funds, His Excellency desires me to point out that this unanimity must not be regarded as settling the question either as to the permission of the contemplated Reclamation or, if it be permitted, as to the mode of carrying it out. As mentioned in my letter of 23rd ultimo, the final decision on these two points rests with Her Majesty's Government. The view taken on the first will probably depend on the advice of the marine engineers who may be consulted on the subject; and the judgment on the second will no doubt be largely influenced by legal opinions obtained with respect to the rights of the marine lot-holders.\n\nHis Excellency deems it right to repeat thus emphatically his reference to the necessity of sanction by Her Majesty's Government, not merely because some passages in your letter seem to imply inadequate appreciation of this requisite condition, but in order to preclude losses from speculative land purchases made in the belief that that is certain which is by no means certain.\n\nI am to add that whatever may be the ultimate decision; the part which you have taken in initiating the scheme, and the fact of the preliminary surveys having been at the expense of the lot-owners will not of course be omitted from consideration.\n\nI have, &c.,  \nFREDERICK STEWART,  \nColonial Secretary.\n\n## Minute by the Governor for the Surveyor General\n\n### 27th June, 1888.\n\n1. In my minute for the letter of the Colonial Secretary to Mr. Chater, dated 23rd June, 1888, I expressed a doubt whether Her Majesty's Government may not be of opinion that this work should be done by the Government for its own benefit, and the more I think of the subject, the more doubtful I become on this point, and the less certain I am that they would be justified in sanctioning the scheme on the terms proposed, at least without the requirement of a large premium per acre from the frontage lot-owners. As I believe the Surveyor General entertains strong views in favour of the proposed scheme as a whole, including the remission of premium, I should be glad to receive a clear statement of his view, with the object of removing my doubts, before the meeting of lot-owners takes place.\n\n2. The only reason that appears to me against the undertaking of the work by the Government is the speculative nature of the project, and the elements of uncertainty which render it speculative appear to be three: \n   | Element | Description |\n   |---------|-------------|\n   | (1)     | The cost of the execution of the work |\n   | (2)     | The value of the land to be reclaimed |\n   | (3)     | The amount of compensation which would have to be paid to the owners of the existing frontage |\n\n3. (1.) Can, I presume, be ascertained with certainty before the work is commenced, by means of the tenders sent in, and as the responsibility of both design and supervision will in any case fall upon the Government as well as the liability for failure on the acceptance of the tenders, I am not sure whether the liability for part of the contractors would not rest with the Government in any case. If this were so, it would seem that the element of speculation on this score would be as great when the work is not done for the direct benefit of Government, as if it were for its direct benefit.\n\n4. As regards (2), I should be glad to know more exactly the data for the estimate of $7,910,821, which, deducting estimated cost, would give to the existing lot-owners an estimated profit of over five and a half millions of Dollars. If the work were done by the Government for its own benefit, this profit would of course be lessened by the amount of (3). But it seems to me that the element of speculation on this score would be almost altogether removed by the manner in which it is now proposed that the work should be done. By doing the work in sections, one or at most two at a time, it would be possible to ascertain with a near approach to certainty what the profit or loss would be, and the decision of the question would be left open to discretion whether the work were proceeded with or not. It seems scarcely conceivable, however, that so large an amount as $5,764,593 is not a sufficient margin to cover all contingencies and leave a large profit in addition.\n\n5. These considerations are certain to occur to the Secretary of State, and it is well to anticipate them by a completely satisfactory answer, which, I confess, at the present moment, I do not see my way to give.\n\nThough I shall require a written reply from Mr. PRICE, I fear that at the present moment he may be more than usually overwhelmed with work, in consequence of the late destructive storm; and it might be well, therefore, that he should now give me his views orally, in order that I may be quite satisfied whether I should not make some further communication of my doubts to the lot-owners before their Meeting on Tuesday next.\n\nG. WILLIAM DES VŒUX.\n\nThe Honourable C. P. CHATER.\n\n## Surveyor General's Report on Governor's Minute\n\n### (18.)\n\n1. In reply to His Excellency the Governor's Minute of the 27th of June, 1888, I deal first with the questions raised in paragraph 3:\n   - (a) The cost of the work has been ascertained by means of the Public Works Department schedule of prices, and would be confirmed by the tenders when these come in.\n   - (b) The responsibility of design and supervision will fall upon the Government as well as the acceptance of tenders, but liability for failure on the part of the Contractors would be provided against in the usual way, i.e., by requiring from such Contractors a preliminary money-deposit by way of security for the proper completion of their contracts. Moreover, from every payment for work done, a drawback of 15 or 20 per cent. can be retained in the hands of the Government.\n   - (c) Contracts must contain the provision that all damage from typhoons during the progress of the works and for twelve months after their completion shall be made good by the Contractors at their sole expense.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8].txt",
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    {
        "id": 340421,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-243 - Public Offices & Others - 1889",
        "page_number": 150,
        "title": "CO129-243 - Public Offices & Others - 1889",
        "content_text": "## \nsomething might be done through the Board of Trade.\n\nIt is in these circumstances that I have ventured to approach you, and respectfully ask the Board to take such steps as they may deem advisable to mitigate the expense and inconvenience which I have endeavoured to represent in explanation.\n\nI may state that I was employed at Shanghai as a Marine Engineer, but at present am at home on furlough.\n\nI have the honor, &c.  \nwas Russell  \n\nPage 150  \nPage 151",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-243 - Public Offices & Others - 1889.txt",
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    {
        "id": 342228,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-245 - Acting Governor Fleming - 1890 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 611,
        "title": "CO129-245 - Acting Governor Fleming - 1890 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "608\n\nThe \"Particulars of Office\" sent to me, clearly enunciate those duties;\n\n\"To assist the Harbour Master\" \"in his several duties of Harbour Master, Marine Magistrate, Emigration\" \"and Customs Officer, and to undertake\" \"the whole of those duties during the Harbour Master's absence\". (Copy annexed).\n\n5. Reference to the Colonial Office list, certainly showed that the local appointment of Collector of Light dues, was usually conferred on the Assistant Harbour Master, and on arrival here, I found that Ordinance 8 of 1879, Section XXXI, Part II, provides for an officer being appointed.\n\n4. On resuming office here, I found I had to discharge the duties of \"Collector of Light dues\" without receiving any remuneration whatever for that separate office, and though not named in my appointment, in any way. The duties of this office have recently very largely increased in importance: last year, the average monthly payments were about $2600; during the four months I have been in the Colony, the average payments into the Treasury have been $7000 each month.\n\nThis increase is the result of the Light dues having been raised, and though only temporarily, still in view of the enhanced responsibility entailed upon me, to receive no remuneration otherwise legitimate for it, is a grievance, which I most respectfully submit with which to approach Your Lordship, bearing in mind that locally I...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-245 - Acting Governor Fleming - 1890 [5-7].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 344241,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-248 - Public Offices & Others - 1890",
        "page_number": 239,
        "title": "CO129-248 - Public Offices & Others - 1890",
        "content_text": ") \n\nPlease address reply if any) to the Surveyor's eni lectisani no 16 Surveyor individually.\n\nTHE SURVEYORS,\n\n10307\n\n236\n\nS'ei\n\nBOARD OF TRADE SURVEYORS' OFFICE,\n\nCUSTOM HOUSE ARCADE,\n\nLIVERPOOL\n\n14th January 1890\n\nI beg respectfully to acknowledge the receipt of M12723/00 of the 12th inst! with reference to my appointment as Senior Marine Surveyor at Hong Kong for which I thank you. As soon as the date of my departure is fixed I will communicate with the Board thereon. I notice with surprise that half pay is to begin on the day I leave England, full pay only on my arrival at Hong Kong; this is contrary to what I anticipated, nothing having previously been said on this point, and I respectfully request, in as much as I have to bear the whole cost of my removal from this country, that the Board will be pleased to approach the Colonial Office to allow me full pay from the date of departure.\n\nI am, Sir,\n\nYour obedient Servant,\n\nPeebles\n\nAssistant Secretary,\n\nMarine Department,\n\nBoard of Trade,\n\nLondon",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 156,
        "title": "CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "# THE CONFERENCE.\n\n## THE SUNDAY LABOUR QUESTION.\n\nHeld at City Hall at 4.30 pm. on Friday the 17th October, 1890.\n\n### DELEGATES.\n\n- CAPTAIN SAMUEL ASHTON, A. I. N. A.\n- H. BATHURST (Chief of s.s. \"Haitan\")\n- J. W. GALE (not on Service)\n- A. C. H. CHAPMAN (not on Service)\n- J. DOUGLAS (Chief of \"Thales\")\n- H. L. NEWHAM (not on Service)\n- J. MADDOX (Second of \"Tongshan\")\n- J. A. BURKE (Second of \"Chowfa\")\n- W. WINCH (not on Service)\n\n**President:**  \nCHESNEY DUNCAN, Honorary Secretary.\n\n\"The Chamber\" was represented by:\n- MR. E. MACKINTOSH (Chairman)\n- HON. J. J. KESWICK\n- HON. P. RYRIE\n\n\"The Press\" by:\n- MR. H. HOPPIUS\n- MR. W. H. FORBES\n- MR. Thos. JACKSON\n- MR. L. Cox (Daily Press)\n- MR. D. Macdonald (China Mail)\n- MR. G. W. Ward (Telegraph)\n- Editor of War Sun Yat Po (Chinese)\n\nThe deputation numbered about twelve including Captain Ashton, the President of the Association.\n\nCaptain ASHTON having introduced the deputation, said: Mr. Mackintosh and gentlemen of the Chamber of Commerce, we should have liked to have had a larger number of our body here to-day but many of our members are away from the port on their official duties. We come before you to-day, to ask you to assist us in doing away with a very old custom of this port, a custom which we know you are not answerable for, a custom which has been handed down to you by your predecessors, a custom which we as a body of mercantile marine officers consider a very great injustice to us. The custom I refer to, is that of receiving and discharging cargo on board vessels on Sunday. We believe it to be not only an old custom but a bad custom, and one that brings no profit or good to any man, woman or child in the Colony.\n\nWe as a body of officers, visit all the commercial ports of the world, and we find in nine-tenths of the ports we visit, there is some law restricting the discharging or receiving of cargo on board ship on a Sunday. Having visited these ports, we also notice the condition of the communities there, and we see that those communities who do not work on Sunday are just as rich and just as prosperous, and, as we think, just as happy as that of Hongkong, where Sunday labour is permitted.\n\nWe do not see why as a body of officers we should be compelled to work on a Sunday. You must bear in mind that an officer is compelled to be on board ship for days, and sometimes weeks, together. He is cooped up when he is on board, and he is subjected to a certain amount of discipline and restraint. He has to be ready to take his place on watch when the bell strikes, and he has to obey every order of his superior officer. He does that willingly, but he does like occasionally to get away from this restraint; and when he does get into a port where these prohibitive laws are in force and he is allowed to leave the ship and get away from this discipline and restraint, he enjoys himself as much as a boy taking his holidays from school, and he comes back in twelve or twenty-four hours, or whatever the time may be, to his work refreshed in body and in mind.\n\nBut, on the contrary, when he arrives in the port of Hongkong on a Sunday—and mind you Sunday is about the only day a British officer has to go ashore, whether to go to church or to see his friends or amuse himself in whatever way he wishes—if he goes to the Captain and says: \"This being Sunday, can I go ashore?\" the Captain very properly says No, you cannot, it is the custom of this port to work on Sunday, and your services are required on board this ship to superintend discharging and taking in of cargo.\" And although the Captain may feel in his own mind that it would be a good thing for the man to get away from the ship, he cannot give him leave; he dare not do so; for the simple reason, that if any cargo boats come alongside to receive or discharge and there is no officer to superintend, the Captain gets himself into a row with his owners. We believe there is neither profit nor advantage in Sunday work.\n\nI myself have been in command of men for a number of years, and I have always noticed that when you tell a man to do something which his nature revolts against and which the early teaching of his childhood is against, he naturally rebels against you, and although you can force him to do what you say, he does it in a half-hearted, sullen, discontented manner. So when he asks on a Sunday for liberty to go ashore, and his Captain tells him he cannot go, and orders him to the hatchway to superintend cargo, he does his work in a half-hearted way, and I believe that claims for lost property and damaged property, which the shipowners have to pay, are almost entirely due to this forced labour—labour which a man considers as moral slavery. I myself have never seen any profit come of Sunday labour.\n\nThe Rev. Mr. Goldsmith, as I am sure you all know, interested himself in this matter some time ago, and he got up a petition which was signed very numerously by the Mercantile Marine community in this port. This petition, which I believe had some 600 signatures to it, was handed to our Governor here. Our Governor, in conjunction with the Secretary of State for the Colonies, Lord Knutsford, appears to have given considerable attention to it, and we are led to believe from what our Governor said, that legislation to stop Sunday labour in this Harbour could only be arrived at by the advocacy of this honorable body, yourself, Sir, and the members of this Chamber of Commerce. I believe he intimated as much.\n\nSuch being the case, we make bold to approach you, and to ask and beg of you to use your influence to the utmost with the Government of this Colony to bring in some law against working cargo in this port on Sunday. That is the purpose for which we are here. We ask you to exert yourselves with the Government to induce them to bring in some measure to stop this moral slavery. I am quite sure the officers of this Association do not wish to quarrel with their owners, but they do think it is a great injustice that they should be forced to work cargo on Sunday in this port. We consider it an injustice to ourselves and to every Mercantile Marine officer, and we consider it somewhat of a blot and a slur on the fair name of this Colony.\n\nThese are the main points in our case, and I think I need not say any more. It is our wish to carry our point without any friction, to have no quarrel between owners and officers. Gentlemen of the Chamber of Commerce, whether your answer is in our favour or not—and we trust it will be—we shall receive it with the greatest respect, because, if we get the opinion of this Chamber we shall have a reliable opinion to go upon, coming as it does from the most influential and powerful body in this Colony. In giving your opinion therefore, whatever it may be, you will be doing the Association a kindness. It is an old saying, and no doubt a true one, that it is a good thing for any man or any body of men to see themselves as others see them. We have had plenty of opinions already, opinions from Brown, Jones and Robinson,—irresponsible opinions,—but we come before you to-day to get a reliable opinion.\n\nThe CHAIRMAN—Mr. Ashton and Gentlemen of the deputation, we are very possibly pleased to see you here to-day, and I can assure you we shall do all we can to arrive at a friendly satisfactory conclusion. This matter is one that has long stirred the Chamber, and on which they tried to come to a conclusion as early as 1888. The first mention of it in our records is a letter from the Rev. A. G.\n\nPage 13  \nPage 153",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 169,
        "title": "CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "# SUNDAY LABOR IN HONGKONG HARBOUR.\n\nThere are many economical and moral forces to be taken into consideration, and it is due to these that the average condition of the working classes in England and America is higher than that of their continental brethren. This very Sunday rest, which is spoken of as entailing sacrifices, has been a strong factor in the improvement of the status of working men, and has largely contributed not only to their moral but to their physical welfare also. And did time and space permit, it would not be difficult to prove that their employers have benefited to a corresponding if not a greater extent. Compare the wealth of England and America with that of Continental nations. Many causes have favoured these two countries, but he would be a bold man who dared to say that Sunday rest impeded their material progress. And the workmen of Great Britain and America understand this. They know full well that if they consented to Sunday labour, their condition would become much worse than it is. They have not jumped at this conclusion all at once.\n\nThere was a time when, had the opportunity of working on Sunday been presented, they might have availed themselves of it. They are thankful now that the laws of the country, the precepts of the religion, and the force of public sentiment prevented them. They have come to kiss the rod that ruled them; and now the law is little required because workmen themselves will not work on Sundays.\n\nIn Hongkong, we must arrive at the same state by the same process—a compulsory law. The more the subject is discussed, the more apparent does it become that this is the only remedy. If shipowners take the same views as Mr. Mackintosh, and a great many of them do, if their heads are bent to their ledgers as closely as his, and a great many heads are so inclined, is there any hope of voluntary co-operation or is there any prospect of its permanence?\n\nIs it likely that some owners will grant Sunday rest, if others refuse? Is it in human nature to willingly make such sacrifices, which may become real sacrifices, because the absence of a compulsory law putting all on equal terms, may within such a narrow area of this Colony, give at least a temporary benefit to a firm which insists on Sunday labour? As we have over and over again repeated, there is nothing so peculiar to Hongkong as to make the regulations in force in other places inapplicable here. The Custom House 'bogey' is a pure creation of the imagination. It is not in reality the fact of a Custom House being closed that keeps a shipmaster from discharging his ship; it is the fact that he knows he will be punished if he does so. So, in Hongkong, a shipmaster would not seek to discharge or load his ship if he knew that the law forbade it. What does it matter if the detective service is a Police launch instead of a Customs launch? The end is equally secured.\n\nIf the interview with the Administrator has one lesson, it is this—that the time has gone by for discussion and argument in Hongkong. The rest of the fight must be carried on in England; and we can assure the members of the Officers' Association, according to advice received by this mail from an influential source, that the contest is by no means hopeless, that indeed victory is close at hand.\n\n“SINGAPORE FREE PRESS” (Another Leader) Tuesday, December 2nd, 1890.\n\nWhat might be called the local chapter in the history of the Sunday Harbour Labour agitation at Hongkong has now closed with the recent interview of the representatives of the British Mercantile Marine Association with Mr. FLEMING, the Acting Governor. And although it was manifestly impossible for that gentleman,—merely holding that post as he does till the arrival of Sir WILLIAM DES Vœux from England,—to give any assurance whatever respecting the introduction of legislation, it is hardly to be expected that the arrival of the Governor himself will make any perceptible difference in the position of affairs. Lord KNUTSFORD has practically thrown the responsibility of pushing for action upon the Colonial Chambers of Commerce. The Chambers of Commerce are not inclined to venture forth into action on their own account, although a generally benevolent attitude, more or less cautiously expressed, is assumed towards the movement. The complexities of the case are by no means inconsiderable, and the prevailing idea that has dictated the non-committal reply of the Hongkong Chamber of Commerce to its memorialists is clearly the reluctance to engage in any change of trade practice that in operation might be found to hamper one section of the mercantile community to the relative advantage of another.\n\nIt was suggested that the whole question was one which could be more satisfactorily solved by negotiations between mercantile marine officers and their employers, but that view was demonstrated by the promoters of the movement to be unsound, and incapable of being reduced to practice. The prime difficulty lies in the fact that the opinion of the Chambers of Commerce is not entirely a free opinion, for a large proportion of local firms in the two Eastern ports referred to are but the agencies of the great shipping companies who run lines of steamers to the Far East. The touching of the vessels at these ports is but a contributory incident in the voyage, and it is felt that the principals in the case are really the officers and men of the mercantile marine, their home employers, and the Secretary of State in consultation with the Colonial Government. If the shipping owners in England were to express views in support of the matter advocated, and to communicate those desires in definite form to their representatives in Hongkong and Singapore, this would enable the local Chambers to adopt an expression of opinion of a less neutral character, and dispose the local Government to approach the question of legislation with some definiteness of purpose. It was pointed out by the Acting Governor at Hongkong in response to the deputation that interviewed him on behalf of the movement, that there was an eventual prospect of attaining the desired object, in some degree at least, \"if there existed an earnest desire and real co-operation among those who were interested in the shipping business of the Colony to diminish Sunday labour in the extent to which it was now carried on.\" But herein lies the difficulty: Will there be such display of unity of aim and earnestness in co-operation among those concerned as to justify the Secretary of State in causing the required legislation to be introduced? That is, in view of the tone of the Governor's remarks in Council and in the neutrality of the reply of the Chamber of Commerce, at present exceedingly doubtful. Till there be manifested that community of purpose, it is to be apprehended that little will be done. At all events, the work is being gone about in the way that promises success, for the scene of action is now being transferred to England, as we learn from this paragraph in a Hongkong contemporary:\n\nAn effort, we hear, is being made at home to get the shipowners in England to address a letter to the Secretary of State, assuring him that they have no objection to restrictions being placed on the Sunday working of cargoes in Hongkong and Singapore similar to the restrictions already in force in the Australian and other British harbours in which customs dues are levied, provided such restrictions apply equally to ships of all nations, and that there be reasonable provision made for cases of urgent necessity.\n\nIt seems almost a pity, however, to admit that success, if obtained, will be obtained not so much on the merits of the case, as by appeal to the benevolent ignorance of popular opinion at home. It may be taken for granted that the narrowness of the section of the public that may take up the case will not enable them to understand the local difficulties which have so impressed the Governor and the Chamber of Commerce at Hongkong, but the thing will be taken up, and perhaps carried solely on Sabbatarian grounds, instead of the broader ground of reasonable and necessary physical and mental rest to a hard-working and deserving class of men. In fact, a good result is being hoped for from that same well-meaning ignorance that has in other directions already interfered to the public detriment in India and the Eastern colonies. Still, there will be little disposition to quarrel with the result, even if the means by which it is attained be not such as we should sanction as altogether logical.\n\n## A CRITIQUE ON THE ARGUMENTS ADDUCED AT THE CONFERENCE.\n\nIrrespective of its religious side, the vital importance of the Sunday rest question is one which cannot be permitted to remain where it is. Throughout the civilized world, a weekly day of rest is universally acknowledged to be an indispensable physical and moral necessity. The keen race for very existence, and the high pressure rate at which everyday life is now conducted renders it doubtful if enlightened civilization can be maintained without such periodical rest. Labour organizations, which are now the order of the day all the world over, have hitherto devoted their efforts, and with success, towards a reduction of the hours of labour, and even in this direction, it is pretty generally accepted that eight hours' work a day is to be the rule in future. With such patent examples before them of what is...",
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        "id": 350119,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-256 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 427,
        "title": "CO129-256 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "424 \n\n12. Maintenance of Water Works and Sewers.--The Water Works and Sewers throughout the Colony have been maintained for an expenditure of $4,913.97 and $936.71 respectively. The maintenance of the filter beds and operations necessary for the efficient filtration of the water absorb the greater portion of the expenditure under the former heading.\n\n13. Land Survey Department.--During the year eight land sales have taken place. The area being 2,482,198 square feet including Farm Lot 13 Kowloon of an area of 53 acres, premium realised $28,698. Extensions of existing lots of a total area of 133,705 square feet have been granted. The amount of premium being $6,553 and annual Crown rent $664. Leases have been issued for the reclaimed Marine and Inland Lots in front of Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company Premises West Point of a total area of 85,386 square feet and annual Crown rent $684, and also for the new Marine Lots on the reclamation at Kennedy Town of a total area of 202,409 square feet and annual Crown rent $2,076.\n\nSurveys have been made, boundaries corrected and plans and particulars for the preparation of new leases forwarded to Land Office.\n\nSurveys have been made of the village of Pokfulam and a portion of the villages of Little and New Hongkong in connection with the adjustment of Squatters' claims.\n\n14. Inspection of Buildings.--During the current year plans for 4 European houses, 115 Chinese houses and 20 miscellaneous structures have been deposited, also 74 plans for alterations to existing buildings.\n\nSixty-five (65) buildings have been certified under Section 33 of Ordinance 15 of 1889. Permission has been given to erect 14 verandahs and 8 Piers over Crown Land. Notices have been issued to remove or repair dangerous structures in 78 instances and to remove verandah enclosures in two cases.\n\nFour hundred and seventy-one (471) miscellaneous notices and permits have been issued.\n\n## EXTRAORDINARY PUBLIC WORKS\n\n* District School Kowloon\n* Kowloon New Roads\n* Additional Private Ward Civil Hospital\n* Hongkong Pier and Approach Road\n* Additional Public Latrines\n* Magazine for Explosives\n* Shaukiwan Market Extension\n* Government Office Extension\n* Road from Plantation Road to Magazine Gap\n* Improved Road from Aberdeen to Wongneichong\n\nPlans have been prepared and contract entered into for the construction of Kowloon New Roads. Plans have also been prepared for the erection of the Slaughter House, Pig and Sheep Depôts and are in the course of preparation for the Reconstruction of the Governor's Peak Residence.\n\n20. New Water Mains.--The new distributary system of Victoria Water Works has now been practically completed as far as present requirements necessitate.\n\n21. Sewerage of Victoria.--Considerable progress has been made with the construction of the sewers in the Central portion of the City nearly 5 miles of pipe sewers and storm water drains with such accessories as Manholes, Ventilators and Flushing Apparatus, have been completed during the current year.\n\n22. Sewerage of Yaumati.--This work was commenced in March last and one mile of sewer with the necessary accessories has been completed.\n\n23. Water Supply Kowloon.--Experiments have been carried out during the current year for the purpose of ascertaining the yield of the well recently sunk. A survey has been made of a large portion of the peninsula. A full report on the results of the experiments and a definite project for these Water Works has been forwarded to Government.\n\n24. Miscellaneous Minor Works.--The only work calling for remark is the renewal of the Tytan telephone line along the Bowen Road which has been completed.\n\n15. Central Market.--The walls are completed to the level of the plinth and a new contract has been entered into with Mr. CRAN ATONG for the completion of the structure.\n\n25. Praya Reclamation Works.--Considerable progress has been made with Sections 1, 2, 3 and 7. The construction of the rubble foundations for the new wall and the earth backing behind the same in these sections is practically completed, and in the case of Section No. 7 the filling in and construction of the wall is in a very advanced stage.\n\nDuring the current year, 46,206 cube yards of rubble have been put in the foundations, and 45,680 cube yards of earth filling have been deposited behind the wall.\n\n1,231 Concrete blocks have been made of which 741 have been placed on the rubble foundations, Section No. 2.\n\n87,897 cube feet of granite ashlar have been built into walls and drains.\n\n16. The following works have been completed, viz.:—\n| Work |\n| --- |\n| Gap Rock Lighthouse |\n| Praya Reclamation Site for Western Market |\n| Training Albany Nullah and Branches |\n| New Roads and Preparatory Work Kennedy Road Sites |\n| Bridge over Bowrington Canal |\n| Cattle Depôt Extension |\n| Preparation of Site for Slaughter House, Pig and Sheep Depôts |\n| Slaughter House Kowloon |\n| Public Laundries |\n| Civil Hospital and Staff Quarters |\n| Civil Hospital Alterations and Additions, Hot Water Apparatus |\n| Quarters for Superintendent Botanical and Afforestation Department |\n| Vaccine Institute |\n| Telegraph Cable to Gap Rock |\n\n17. Additions to Government House.--The decoration and electric lighting of the new Ball Room have been completed and that of the remainder is in hand.\n\n18. Fair progress has been made with the repairs of St. John's Cathedral and the erection of lamps at Kowloon Point and Yaumati.\n\n19. The following works have not yet been commenced:\n| Work |\n| --- |\n| Slaughter House, Pig and Sheep Depôts erection of buildings |\n| Reconstruction of the Governor's Peak Residence |\n| Improvements Recreation Ground, Happy Valley, Gaol Extension |\n\n26. The Reclamations in front of the Sailors Home and Wharf and Godown Company's premises are complete.\n\n27. The two Hopper Barges constructed by the Hongkong and Whampoa Dock Company, Limited, were completed and taken over in February last.\n\nThese are now employed depositing earth filling in Section No. 3.\n\n28. I attach a statement shewing the expenditure on extraordinary works during the current year to the 30th June and approximately the outstanding liabilities on that date.\n\nHonourable\n\nTH: COLONIAL SECRETARY,\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nSir,\n\nYour most obedient Servant,\n\nFRANCIS A. COOPER,\n\nDirector of Public Works",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-272 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1896 [5-9]",
        "page_number": 164,
        "title": "CO129-272 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1896 [5-9]",
        "content_text": "the past and been forgotten. Yet will this Statue remain, to impress upon those who follow us the rights and privileges which, under British laws, they will ever enjoy, the security which the British Constitution throws over those who live within the sphere of its protection, and above all, Sir, the freedom, the greatest benefit perhaps that mankind has ever known, which exists to-day, and always must exist, beneath the Royal Standard of Great Britain. I now ask your Excellency to unveil the Statue.\n\nHis Excellency said- Mr Chairman and Gentlemen, I have accepted with great pleasure the invitation of the Jubilee Committee, and of the loyal community of Hongkong, to unveil this statue of Her Majesty Queen Victoria. I feel highly honoured at having to take so prominent a part in this interesting function, and am glad to think that my name will for all time be connected with it. This immense concourse of Her Majesty's loyal subjects, and of the Representatives of other Powers with their fellow-countrymen, is a sight which will never be forgotten by those who are witnessing it. Mr Chairman and Gentlemen, This statue is to commemorate the Jubilee of Her Majesty in 1887. Let me therefore for a moment compare the past of Hongkong with the present. Fifty-nine years ago Hongkong was a barren rock inhabited by 200 or 300 persons,\n\nThe harbour was unfrequented by vessels. At the present moment the Colony presents a remarkable object lesson to the newly arrived resident or traveller, unequalled, I believe, in any other part of the world. He sees before him large and, in some cases, magnificent Banks, City Halls, and Houses of Business stretching for several miles along the sea front. Inland he sees rising tier above tier hundreds of fine houses built by and for the thriving merchants of the City. The harbour which fifty-nine years ago was nearly empty of shipping is now filled by steamers and sailing vessels which represent an aggregate capacity of some 15,000,000 of tons per annum. This wonderful growth has taken place during the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty Queen Victoria. And in the place of a few hundred people, Hongkong has now a population of over 250,000 souls. Of these about 240,000 are Chinese. They live here under no compulsion. They are freemen, and are attracted by our liberal institutions and by the equitable treatment and justice of Her Majesty's rule. Mr Chairman and Gentlemen, Of the future prosperity and growth of Hongkong I have not the slightest doubt. Her geographical position, her importance as a great emporium of trade and a strong Military and Naval Station in that girdle of British Colonies which encircles the world is fully recognized by Her Majesty's Government. The opening of the West River, and of additional freeports in China, will give a further impetus to trade between Great Britain and that enormous and undeveloped Empire. Such measures which can be regarded as certain of fulfilment in the near future will be of inestimable value to millions of the subjects of the Emperor of China as well as to the able and energetic Community of Hongkong. In conclusion, Mr Chairman and Gentlemen, I congratulate you on the selection of this fine site for Her Majesty's Statue, and I also congratulate you heartily on the excellent arrangements which you have made for giving to this auspicious and unprecedented event an importance and significance which it alone could deserve. With the words on my lips of 'God Save the Queen' I now unveil this Statue.\n\n## THE MILITARY REVIEW\n\nThe statue having been unveiled, amidst the applause of the assembled thousands, the troops gave a general salute, whilst the massed bands, under the conductorship of Bandmaster Peachey of the Rifle Brigade, played God Save the Queen. The Asiatic Artillery and the Field Battery of the Hongkong Volunteers then fired a salute of twenty-one guns from the seven-pounders on the Cricket Ground, the infantry firing a feu de joie. This over, the order for fixed bayonets was given, and the whole of the forces on the ground gave a Royal Salute, the bands again playing 'God Save the Queen'; the unveiling ceremony being brought to a close by the troops and spectators raising three lusty cheers for Her Majesty.\n\nWith wonderful alacrity and exactitude, the troops were then marched off to various points preparatory to the march past. Nothing could have exceeded the smartness with which this movement was executed. It provided an object lesson to the Chinese of what it is possible to do with British troops under the discipline of British officers. That everything was carried through without the slightest approach to a hitch reflects the greatest credit on officers and men alike, British and Asiatic.\n\nThe march-past was equally well managed. Owing to the evolutions having to be performed in somewhat restricted compass, the troops were formed into double sections of fours, with officers leading and the non-commissioned officers on the flanks. This was the best formation for the ground, and while, judged from a military point of view, the movements did not have the same grandeur as a proper review, they were at least sufficient to display the careful drilling and excellent discipline of the men. The spectacle presented as the closely-compacted masses of men moved along towards the Statue from the direction of the new Club is not likely to be soon forgotten by those who witnessed it. Larger bodies of troops have doubtless been witnessed elsewhere, but this was the largest parade ever assembled in Hongkong, and the varied and picturesque uniforms combined to add to the splendour of the spectacle. For the time being the squalor of the Chinese was obliterated. In the Grand Stand, the somewhat sombre dress of the civilian community obtained colour from the few uniforms sprinkled about, and the Consular Corps, with their gaudy decorations, presented a veritable blaze of colour in the vicinity of the platform. Wherever one looked, nothing was to be seen but one huge sea of living faces. Every coign of vantage was occupied. From every verandah the proceedings were watched by interested onlookers; even the unfinished edifice which is to be the new habitat of the Hongkong Club was covered by Chinese, who, sat-like, crawled and squirmed from place to place wherever they thought the best view might be obtainable.\n\nThe following was the order of the march-past:\n\n| Unit | Commanded by |\n| --- | --- |\n| Royal Navy | Commander W. F. Tunnard, H.M.S. Victor Emanuel |\n| Royal Marine Light Infantry | Capt. Trottman. Major Thomas, D.A.A.G., and Capt. Hunt, Acting A.D.C. to Colonel Anstey |\n| Royal Artillery | Lieut. Colonel The O'Gorman, D.A.A.G., and Major Hanham, C.R.A.; Capt. Burney |\n| Royal Engineers | Capt. Carey |\n| Hongkong Regiment | Major Retallick |\n| Rifle Brigade | Major the Hon. E. Noel |\n\nWith almost incredible expedition the bands of the Rifle Brigade and the Hongkong Regiment had taken up a position on the ...\n\nPage 161",
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        "title": "CO129-273 - Governor Sir Robinson & Others - 1896 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "# 379\n\nWith regard to the constitution of the Sanitary Board, I regret that I am not yet in possession of the Secretary of State's final decision, which, however, I hope to receive shortly. As regards Public Works, the extension of the Wongneichong Recreation Ground has been undertaken and is progressing. The project includes the widening and improving of the roads and an addition to the Recreation Ground of about 7 acres.\n\nThe extension of the Gaol has been proceeded with, and accommodation has been provided within the Gaol compound for a prison for females, instead of the unsuitable house in Wyndham Street hitherto rented for that purpose.\n\nThe provision of an adequate supply of water to the City of Victoria has received my careful attention, and projects have been prepared for an ultimate supply of 4,000,000 gallons a day throughout the year. The present state of the water supply and particulars of the proposed extensions have been dealt with in an able and elaborate report by the Director of Public Works, which has already been laid before you (`Sessional Paper T`). That report has been referred to Mr. OSBERT CHADWICK, who concurs in the proposals contained therein. The Secretary of State has communicated to me his approval of the scheme, and contracts have been entered into, with the approval of this Council, for the commencement of the works. The waterworks for Kowloon have also been completed, and a constant supply is now available over the southern portion of that peninsula.\n\nThe new system of signalling the approach of vessels has been completed in accordance with the recommendations of the Committee appointed in 1893.\n\nThe statue of the Queen in commemoration of Her Most Gracious Majesty's Jubilee has been erected on the Praya Reclamation and was unveiled by me on the 28th May, amidst general rejoicings and loyal demonstrations.\n\nWith respect to Taipingshan, considerable progress has been made with the demolition of insanitary dwellings, and the necessary works for relaying out the resumed area for building purposes. Contracts have been entered into for dealing with about one half of the resumed area, and works in connection with the greater part of the remainder will shortly be commenced. A report on the subject will be laid on the table, to which I direct your attention, as the anticipations which I was led to form this time last year have not been fulfilled.\n\nAs to the Praya Reclamation Works, though difficulties have arisen in connection with the rapid completion of certain portions, fair progress has been made. The Marine Lot-holders have, in several instances, obtained permission to enter into possession of their portions, and fine buildings are in course of erection on some of the land reclaimed.\n\nIn addition to the foregoing works, the condition of the villages has not been overlooked, and works of drainage, water supply, and general improvements have been completed, whilst others are in hand in Shaukiwan, Aberdeen, Mong-Kok-Tsui, and Tai-Kok-Tsui. The requirements of the increasing population of the Hill District have not been lost sight of, and it is proposed at an early date to commence the construction of an improved road from near Victoria Gap to the Mount Kellet Road.\n\nThe increasing requirements of the Colony in the matter of Government Offices and the question of providing new offices and concentrating them, so far as possible, under one roof, appeared to me to call for a special enquiry. I referred the matter accordingly to a Committee, whose report I have just received. That report will be published.\n\nWith respect to Education, I regret to say that the experiences of the year have been somewhat unfortunate. The recurrence of the plague, and the measures taken to prevent overcrowding, together with the rise in house rents resulting from those measures, caused a large number of Chinese, as I have already said, to send their women and children out of the Colony. The attendance at schools by Chinese children, and more particularly girls' schools, decreased considerably; the decrease amounting to probably 30 per cent. of their normal attendance. The attendance at five Chinese schools ceased entirely, and the schools had to be closed, but as three new schools have been opened in places unaffected by plague and its consequences, the total number of schools under the Education Department is 119, as compared with 121 in 1895. The above unsatisfactory experiences have been confined almost entirely to schools attended by the poorer classes of the native population. The other schools, especially those attended by non-Chinese children, have for the most part retained their normal attendance. Efforts are being made to increase the number of schools offering English teaching to natives, but only one school of this description could be opened during the present year. Steps have been taken, however, to improve the teaching of English at Queen's College, and, in order to allow more time for that purpose, the purely Chinese branch of that establishment has been entirely abolished.\n\nWith regard to shipping, Hongkong continues to hold an important position amongst the Ports of the Empire. During the nine months ending 30th September last, over 7,000 ships of European construction entered and cleared at the Harbour Office, bringing and taking away cargoes amounting to nearly 55 per cent. of their registered tonnage, and conveying to and from the Colony 1,026,469 passengers.\n\nIn addition to these, 53,000 trading junks carried 1,309,338 tons of cargo in and out, and conveyed 161,991 passengers.\n\nCompared with the same period of 1895, this means an increase of 412 European constructed vessels, carrying 233,675 more tons of cargo, and an increase of over 8,600 junks with 125,638 tons of cargo, and a total increase in the passenger traffic amounting to 1,986.\n\nA correspondence with the Unofficial Members in regard to the proposed abolition of the Light Dues levied to cover the cost and maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse will be laid on the Council table.\n\nI consider that I am bound to redeem the pledge given by my Predecessor to the effect that this special rate should cease as soon as the cost of the Lighthouse had been defrayed.\n\nWith a view to covering the deficit which will result from this abolition, five of the six Unofficial Members are of opinion that a fixed charge of 2 cents per ton should in future be imposed as light dues on all shipping entering the harbour, and in that opinion I concur.\n\nThe criminal statistics are highly satisfactory. Comparing the number of cases under various headings for the 12 months ending 31st October, 1896, with those for the preceding twelve months, we find decreases of 21 per cent. in robberies from the person, 53 per cent. in burglaries and larcenies from dwellings, 30 per cent. in cases of obtaining money under false pretences, 37 per cent. in cases of unlawful possession, and 7 per cent. in larcenies. There were 25 cases of wilful wounding, as against 17 in the preceding period, and 14 more cases under the Women and Girls' Protection Ordinance than in the previous 12 months. The increases under various other heads are trifling, and the number of murder cases was the same for both periods.\n\nThe new Home of the Po Leung Kuk, or Society for the Protection of Women and Girls, was opened by me on the 13th of November. Government contributed towards the cost of its erection a sum of $20,000. The Society has already done good work, and it is hoped that now it is in possession of a Home, it will be able not only to continue its labours but to carry them on more efficiently. It gives me pleasure at all times to aid the Chinese community of this Colony in charitable work, such as that of protecting those who are not able to protect themselves, and I shall always be ready to give them what assistance lies in my power to render such work as thorough as possible.\n\nFrom the foregoing remarks, gentlemen, you will gather that on the whole the condition of the Colony socially, politically, and financially, is very satisfactory. We have had during the term of my Government two visitations of plague. We have had strikes, several typhoons, and on one occasion a vast and unparalleled exodus of people, but Hongkong has held its own with wonderful vitality. Government has not harassed the community with unnecessary or vexatious legislation. The law has been enforced whenever it was necessary, but the community, speaking generally, is happily a law-abiding one. The revenue has increased and is increasing with the growth of population, and the only drawback to a wider and more extensive outlook is the limited area of the Colony itself.",
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        "document_key": "CO129-281 - Governor Sir Robinson & Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 340,
        "title": "CO129-281 - Governor Sir Robinson & Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "# Appendix A.\n\n## THE LAW OF STORMS IN THE EASTERN SEAS.\n\n## INTRODUCTION.\n\nThe earliest signs of a typhoon are clouds of the cirrus type—looking like fine hair, feathers, or pale white tufts of wool—travelling from the east or thereabout, their direction backing towards the north, a slight rise in the barometer, clear and dry but hot weather, calms, or very light winds. If cirrus come from W, they prove that there is no typhoon. If they come from the S, then there will be a typhoon more than 600 miles to the southward. This fine weather lasts for days and the first chapter of the following paper treats of the law of storms and was first published in Hongkong in September, 1886. It was read before the British Mercantile Marine Officers' Association on the 17th May, 1893. It is now reprinted with later additions. The second chapter treats of the management of ships in typhoons, and was originally included in the pamphlet on the law of storms.\n\nThe cirrus clouds, which frequently assume fantastic shapes, make their appearance within 1,500 miles of the centre of a typhoon. They show that water-vapour has risen about 6 miles in the atmosphere through the air rising near the centre. It was read as a separate lecture before the Shipmasters' Society, London, on the 1st January, 1896, and is now reprinted with a few additions. The third chapter was printed in the Government Gazette. The fourth and fifth chapters, on different classes of typhoons and on typhoons in the southern part of the China Sea, appeared in \"Zeitschrift für Meteorologie\" in 1891.\n\nPlate I illustrates the different classes of typhoons enumerated in § 4. Figure 1 shows how Cirrus radiate from various directions but when there is a typhoon, and the radiation is very distinct, it is usually from the same direction as the bearing of the centre. The wind blows in a typhoon as determined by aid of observations made at the Hongkong Observatory during 1884-87 inclusive. Figure 2 shows a typhoon in the Formosa Channel on the 21st and 22nd August, 1884.\n\nAn increasing swell in the sea is noticed from 300 to 600 miles from the centre, or farther off; this depends greatly upon the situation of the nearest land, and particularly upon whether land intervenes between the observer and the typhoon centre. The swell arises from the heavy seas that accompany a typhoon and form the real danger to ships, which are usually well fit to stand the force of the wind without too serious damage. As the velocity of waves in the sea is much greater than the velocity of the centre, the swell is frequently of great help in forecasting a typhoon, but it appears that the bearing of the centre is not well determined from the swell; besides, the swell would indicate where the typhoon was at a certain time previous when the waves that caused the swell were raised by the wind.\n\nIt appears that typhoons in the China Sea originate in elongated slight depressions, which sometimes lie across the Philippines as well as the China Sea, but usually exist only over the sea extending sometimes far into the Pacific. To the north of them, it blows moderate NE breezes and south of them somewhat less strongly from the SW. The NE breezes reach generally only as far as northern Formosa in summer, but in autumn, the NE (and farther north, the NW) monsoon blows much farther north.\n\nWithin 600 miles of the centre, the sky is often half overcast with cumulus, above which cirro-stratus is seen, the sky being frequently paled by high and faint cirro-stratus. To the E of these depressions in the Philippines, there are light S and SE breezes. They may also occur to the W. In summer, these depressions begin with rising pressure in the interior of China or in Japan. In autumn, it seems the pressure rises slightly near the equator and wanders E and gradually northward over the China Sea.\n\n| Distance from Centre | Barometer Reading |\n| --- | --- |\n| 40 miles | 29.20 |\n| 50 miles | 29.30 |\n| 100 miles | 29.40 |\n| 200 miles | 29.50 |\n\nThe barometer is generally rising beyond 600 miles of the centre, and the mercury is to fall slowly (seldom as much as a tenth of an inch in 24 hours) in the barometer. The barometer is read little more than a tenth of an inch lower in the axis than along the coasts all round them. Along these coasts, the wind variable, frequently in heavy squalls with great downpour of rain, but thunder is seldom heard.\n\nWithin 300 miles (or in different typhoons between 200 and 400 miles) of the centre, there is a cross sea, which therefore gets up some time before, and lasts longer than the wind. Within 200 miles of the centre, the temperature falls quickly, owing to the heavy roll-cumulus near the E and W end of the elongated depression as the winds there already revolve as in a rotating storm except to the W or E of the centre forming, so that the N or S squalls need to come sometimes abnormally dry, and the sky at the same time presents a peculiar black and luminous appearance.\n\nThe dimensions of different typhoons vary. The approach of the centre is judged by the fall of the mercury in the barometer and by the increase in the strength of the squalls. No conclusions can be drawn with certainty from the reading of the barometer concerning the distance of the centre. The readings differ in different typhoons occurring during the same month. Taking the mean of several typhoons, I obtained the barometer readings as shown in the table.\n\nIt is rather difficult to say whether a depression in the China Sea, when its existence has been ascertained, is a typhoon or only a minor disturbance, but if the following signs are observed as now to be explained, then it is certain to be a typhoon. A minor depression gives signs less marked and more confused.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-281 - Governor Sir Robinson & Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [1-3]",
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        "title": "CO129-281 - Governor Sir Robinson & Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "## Instructions for keeping the Meteorological Log\n\nObservations should be made every four hours, and the latitude and longitude of the vessel should be entered at each observation.\n\nMore or less persistent SW winds, at times accompanied by thunderstorms, may be expected when the red cone pointing upwards is hoisted, and ships leaving the port are not likely to run a risk from the typhoon. Sailing vessels bound for the north should start as soon as possible so as to benefit by the southerly breezes to run through the Formosa Channel, and avoid the way round Formosa. By following the latter route a sailer, moreover, runs the risk of falling in with the next typhoon east of Formosa, particularly during the months of August and September.\n\nA cone pointing downwards usually implies fresh E veering to SE winds in Hongkong. As such a typhoon may travel N and NE, the master of a vessel desirous of avoiding bad weather should consult the latest weather-intelligence or remain in port till the barometer rises. Then the danger is past.\n\nIf convenient an observation should be made in or near Hongkong. Observations are required between 10° South and 45° North latitude and between Singapore and E of Greenwich.\n\nWhen a mercurial barometer is read, the thermometer attached to it is also entered. When an aneroid is read, no thermometer reading should be entered. Force of wind is given from 0 to 12, and weather in Beaufort's initials.\n\nWhen a ball is hoisted, ships starting for northern, eastern, or southern ports may expect breezes from E round to S and SW. Those starting for western ports run no risk as long as the glass continues to rise. Should it ever happen to fall, heave to and, if necessary, take refuge in a typhoon anchorage such as Saint John's harbour.\n\nFor further particulars, the “Instructions for making Meteorological Observations prepared for ... in China\" published in 1883 by the writer, may be consulted.\n\n## Forms for Meteorological Observations\n\nThe forms are forwarded free through British Post Offices in China if addressed on service. They should be posted as soon as convenient after the vessel enters Hongkong harbour. Vessels bound for London from ports in the China Sea should post the forms in Singapore.\n\n## Analysis of Weather-Forecasts for 1896\n\nMr. Fico has analysed his weather-forecasts for 1896 with the following results: The results for wind direction, force, and weather are treated separately in the first instance. The forecast wind direction is considered successful if the wind at Gap Rock blows the greater part of the 24 hours from a direction that does not differ more than 45° from the forecast (93% were successful). Forecast wind force: \"light,\" is successful if the mean force registered at Gap Rock is light breeze, or if the wind force does not reach the force of a moderate breeze; \"moderate,\" if the mean is a moderate breeze, or if the wind force exceeds a light breeze and falls short of a strong breeze; \"fresh,\" if the mean is a fresh breeze, or if the wind force exceeds a gentle breeze and falls short of a moderate gale; \"strong\" if the mean is a strong breeze, or if the wind force exceeds a moderate breeze and falls short of a fresh gale; \"gale,\" if it blows more than 10 miles per hour at Gap Rock (93% were successful).\n\nSuccess 67%, partial success 30%, partial failure 2%, total failure 1%. Following the method used in meteorological offices and taking the sum of total and partial success as a measure of success, and the sum of total and partial failure as a measure of failure, we find finally that: 97% of the weather-forecasts were successful.\n\n## Number of Days' Observations\n\nIn 1896, the total number of days' observations made on board 325 ships and forwarded to this Observatory was 18,541 (counting separately those made on board different ships on the same day).\n\n## Use of Barometer and Aneroid\n\nThe surest of all warnings is furnished by the standard barometer on shore and the compensated aneroid on board ship; you are all right if you can put your vessel on the tack that will keep your barometer rising. But in order to understand the indications of the barometer, you will have to keep regular meteorological register. The master of a vessel who does not look at his aneroid till he is in a typhoon, does not derive half the benefits from his observations that he would have enjoyed had he watched it beforehand. He might perhaps have avoided the weather he is now experiencing, or even have benefited by the favourable winds and sailed round the typhoon. No doubt, the time is approaching when underwriters will stipulate that the indications of an aneroid or a marine barometer must be regularly registered on board a vessel insured by them.\n\n## Typhoon Gun\n\nThe amount of success attached to the firing of the typhoon gun to indicate local gales has been determined according to the method adopted at meteorological offices at home. According to this method of counting, the storm-signal is justified if followed by a gale of force 8 and upwards within 48 hours at a place near sea-level within 50 miles of the place where the signal is hoisted. It is a failure because too late if it blows a strong gale (force 9) before the signal is hoisted. According to this way of counting, a failure has to be recorded every time the gun is not fired during the \"Norther,\" although we did not presume to forecast those.\n\n## Weather Forecasting\n\nThe weather is successful when \"fine\" is forecast if the mean amount of clouds is below 7-tenths of the whole sky, if sunshine or starlight prevails, and when it does not rain more than one hour out of twenty-four; when \"fair, cloudy,\" if the amount of clouds exceeds 3-tenths and it does not rain more than one hour; when \"showery,\" if it rains at intervals and is fair at intervals; when \"wet and rainy\" if it rains more than 4 hours (77% were successful). Counting days on which all the elements were correctly forecast as success, those when two elements were justified and one failed as \"partial success,\" those when one element was justified and two failed as \"partial failure,\" and those when all elements failed as \"total failure,\" we have: 97% of the weather-forecasts were successful.\n\n## Marine Barometer and Aneroid\n\nThe tube of the marine barometer has to be so much contracted to stand the incessant pumping and danger of breakage, that the instrument is sluggish and often reads half an inch or more too high near the centre of a typhoon. Some cheap mercurial barometers cannot be registered below a certain height, the cistern being too small to hold the mercury that comes out of the tube, and there is the objection to wooden mercurial barometers that the readings cannot be accurately reduced to freezing point and the temperature correction is larger than in case of instruments made of brass. Of course, some cheap aneroids are no better, and even a first-class compensated instrument requires to be thoroughly verified, as the scale is never quite correct and the readings depend somewhat upon the temperature and in a manner different for each single instrument, so that general tables for correcting freezing point are not available, but they act more quickly than the marine barometer, and for use on board ship, the instrument that is quickest in its indications must be preferred. The objection to the use of the aneroid is founded on the fact that its index-correction changes gradually; but then this can be determined and allowed for by reading it off as often as the vessel enters a port, such as Hongkong, where correct meteorological observations are constantly being made.\n\n## Best Hours for Making Observations\n\nThe best hours for making observations are 4 a.m., 8 a.m., etc., up to midnight inclusive. From 4 a.m. to 10 a.m., the barometer is rising, falling from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., rising from 4 p.m. to 10 p.m., and falling from 10 p.m. to 4 a.m. It reads highest at 10 a.m. and lowest at 4 p.m. The daily variation is twice as great in midwinter as it is in midsummer. During the approach of a typhoon, this regular daily variation may be masked, but it goes on all the same and must be taken into account when the barometer begins to fall before a typhoon. Thus, if it has fallen a certain amount between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., you must subtract the normal descent between these hours in order to know how much of the fall is due to the approach of the typhoon, and if it were between 4 p.m. and 10 p.m. that it fell, you must add the normal rise for the same purpose.\n\n## Success of Typhoon Gun\n\nThere was 75% of success concerning all the gales and all the times the gun was fired, or 83% success if the \"northers\" be left out of account. This compares favourably with the percentage of success in the British Isles, where only 58% of the warnings are justified by subsequent gales of force 8 and upwards (mean of the 10 years 1884-93 inclusive). This leaves out of account the fact that in those isolated instances, where the gun was not fired, warning was given by notices issued and, of late years, lanterns hoisted.\n\n## Average Paths of Typhoons\n\nIn 1886, I expressed the hope that it might be possible to construct average paths of all the different varieties of typhoons, when a couple of hundred tracks were available. This has just been done on the basis of 244 typhoons, registered during the past 13 years, or on an average 19 typhoons per year. They are distributed among the different months of the year as follows: January ..., February 9, March 1, April 4 (2 per cent), May 10 (4 pc), June 24 (10 p.c.), July 45 (19 p.c.), August 43 (18 p.c.), September 57 (23 pc.), October 31 (18 p.c.), November 22 (9 p.c.), December 8 (2 pc.).\n\n## Typhoon Gun Firings\n\nThe typhoon gun has been fired 27 times one round, since the Observatory was started on 1st January, 1884, i.e., during the past 13 years. During the same period, it has 30 times blown a gale of force 8 and upwards: Once in February (norther), once in June (typhoon), 5 times in July (typhoons), 3 times in August (typhoons), 11 times in September (typhoons), 7 times in October (typhoons), and twice in December (northers).\n\n## On the Different Classes of Typhoons and the Seasons of the Year in Which They Appear\n\n... \nPage 340 \nPage 66 \nPage 27 \nPage 26 \nPage 4 \n$4-ON THE DIFFERENT CLASSES OF TYPHOONS AND THE SEASONS OF THE YEAR IN WHICH THEY APPEAR.",
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        "document_key": "CO129-290 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [1-4]",
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        "title": "CO129-290 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "## Appendix No. 1.\n## Appendix No. 2.\n\n6. Your Petitioners then completed the building of the godowns on the diminished area, with granite and brick, at, to them, a great cost, so that the said godowns should be suitable for the storage of flour and other produce requiring exceptionally clean storage.\n\n7. Your Petitioner THOMAS HOWARD then undertook the management of the said godowns and by his knowledge and influence with the merchants in Hongkong and Canton, succeeded in establishing a sound business to the full extent of the working capacity of the godowns.\n\n8. The very essence of your Petitioners' said business was in having direct access to the sea which your Petitioners were entitled to, and believed was fully secured to them as Marine Lot holders.\n\n9. In the year 1889 the Praya Reclamation Ordinance was passed for the reclamation of the foreshore of the Harbour from the Military ground East of Victoria Central to the West of the City of Victoria, and beyond where your Petitioners' Lot is situated. A copy of this Ordinance is annexed hereto, marked Appendix No. 1.\n\n10. By the 2nd Section of this Ordinance the works authorised by the Ordinance and all works for the effectual and convenient carrying out of the same are declared to be works for the improvement of the Colony and for a \"public purpose,\" within the meaning of that term as contained in the Crown Leases of Lands in the Colony. A copy of that portion of your Petitioners' Crown Lease which contains this term is also annexed hereto marked Appendix No. 2.\n\n11. By section No. 6 of the Praya Reclamation Ordinance all rights of all persons whomsoever to the land to be reclaimed under the Ordinance are declared to be absolutely extinguished and determined.\n\n12. Section 7 of the said Ordinance recites, inter alia, that it had been agreed that the cost of the said works should include a sum not exceeding $5,000 for preliminary expenses, a sum not exceeding $180,000 by way of compensation to owners of wharves and piers along the line of the proposed reclamation, and a further sum not exceeding $105,000 for the purchase of a portion of the land in course of reclamation opposite Marine Lots Nos. 95, 96, 97, 98, and 105, near your Petitioners' Lot, being at the rate of $5 per square foot for the land required for the purpose of widening the Old Praya from 50 feet to 75 feet.\n\n13. The said Section No. 7 contains provisions for the agreements to be entered into by the Marine Lot holders assenting to the scheme and for the cost of the works to be paid by them.\n\n14. Sub-section VI of section 7 provides that in case any lessee shall not signify his acceptance in the manner and within the time provided in other sub-sections, he shall have no claim to any compensation in respect of any depreciation of his lot by reason of the said works, but the Governor may, if he thinks fit, award to him such a sum of money or such a Crown Lease of new land as he may in his absolute discretion think sufficient as and by way of compensation for any injury that such lessee may have sustained by the said works.\n\n15. Sub-section VIII provides that so much of the cost of the said works as shall not be contributed by the lessees under the provisions of that Ordinance shall be defrayed out of the public revenues of the Colony.\n\n16. Section No. 8 enacts that, except as in that Ordinance provided, no Marine lot holder or other person shall be entitled as against the Crown to any damages or compensation for the depreciation or injurious affecting of his property or business caused by or resulting either directly or remotely from any of the said works.\n\n17. Your Petitioners did not signify their acceptance of the portion of the land assigned to them on the deposited plan, inasmuch as your Petitioners' Lot lies near the extreme western end of the proposed reclamation, where the profit to be derived from such reclamation was out of all proportion to the prospective loss your Petitioners would sustain by reason of the reclamation works closing your Petitioners' direct access to the sea, without which direct access your Petitioners could not carry on business except at a great loss.\n\n18. Your Petitioners therefore objected to the scheme so far as it was proposed to extend the reclamation in front of their property, but your Petitioners' objections were not listened to by the Colonial Government because the Governor would have it in his power by the Ordinance to award us a sufficient compensation for any injury your Petitioners might sustain.\n\n19. The profit to arise from the construction of the Praya Reclamation is estimated at several million dollars, in which the Government will largely participate from the reclamations in front of Government buildings and ground, but such large profits arise only in respect of the Marine Lots in Victoria Central, and the Eastern portion of Victoria West to the East of where your Petitioners' lot is situated.\n\n20. The works of the Praya Reclamation under the Ordinance were commenced sometime after the passing of the Ordinance, and in the year 1891 the works of Section No. 1, in which your Petitioners' lot is situated, were commenced from and including the greater portion of Marine Lot No. 185 immediately adjoining your Petitioners' godowns to the East.\n\n21. By reason of these works your Petitioners' Pier, to which steamers and other vessels came up to discharge and receive their cargo to and from your Petitioners' godowns, was partly destroyed so that steamers could no longer come up to the pier to the grievous loss of your Petitioners' business and to the injury of their property as godowns.\n\n22. Your Petitioners, however, continued to carry on their business and to receive and discharge cargo from and into boats and junks which could approach the end of the pier, although so damaged as aforesaid.\n\n23. In October 1894 further damage was done to the remainder of the pier, and blocks of stone and earth were washed down by a storm from the adjoining reclamation works into the sea immediately in front of your Petitioners' godowns, so that it became dangerous for boats to come near them.\n\n24. In the month of May 1895 your Petitioners, at the request of the Government, removed the remainder of their pier, and they were afterwards paid by the Government, out of the Praya Reclamation funds, the pier compensation to which they were entitled under the provisions of the Praya Reclamation Ordinance.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-290 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [1-4].txt",
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    {
        "id": 381909,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-306 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [8-9]",
        "page_number": 622,
        "title": "CO129-306 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [8-9]",
        "content_text": "3\n\n619\n\nhis Heirs, Executors, Administrators or Assigns, at a valuation, to be fairly and impartially made by the Surveyor of Her said Majesty, Her Heirs, Successors, or Assigns, and upon the exercise of such power the term and estate hereby created shall respectively cease, determine and be void.”\n\n5. Your Petitioners could not be deprived of their said lease or of the full benefits thereof, except in virtue of the said proviso and upon payment of full and fair compensation.\n\nThe Appendix III.\n\n6. In and about the year 1889 certain proposals were laid before the Government of the Colony and the public for the reclamation from the sea, for the benefit of the Marine Lot Holders and at their expense, of the foreshore immediately outside the line of the existing praya or sea wall from the Military Cantonments to the east, to a point to the westward of your Petitioners' property, Marine Lot 184, and to facilitate the carrying out of this work an Ordinance, No. 16 of 1889, \"Praya Reclamation Ordinance, 1889,\" was passed and became law, by which it was provided that any lessee who should not, in the manner and within the time defined by the Ordinance, notify his acceptance of the scheme and his willingness to concur therein and contribute thereto should have no claim to compensation in any depreciation of his lot by reason of the said works, but the Governor might, if he thought fit, award to him such a sum of money or such a Crown Lease of new land as he might in his absolute discretion think sufficient as and by way of compensation for any injury that such lessee should sustain by the works authorised by the Ordinance.\n\n7. Your Petitioners did not signify their acceptance of the proposals embodied in the said Ordinance, but objected thereto as the land to be reclaimed in front of their said Marine Lot, and to be assigned to them in the event of their concurrence in the scheme, was too small in area in comparison with the area of their said Marine Lot, and the profit to be derived therefrom bore no proportion to the loss your Petitioners would sustain during the carrying on of the said reclamation by the obstruction of their access to the sea and by the immense depreciation of the value of their land and buildings, by the lot being converted from a Marine to an Inland Lot.\n\n8. Your Petitioners objected to the said scheme and to the Ordinance giving effect to the same and refused to concur therein or to accept the proposals made to them thereunder, but beyond such protest and refusal took no further steps, relying upon the provision in the said Ordinance for the payment of compensation and upon the promise made by the Government of the Colony in the Colonial Secretary's letter of the 23rd June, 1888, to Mr. Chater, forming part of the correspondence hereinbefore referred to and hereto annexed, defining the principle on which compensation would be awarded, that is, that the non-assenting Holders of Marine Lots on their conversion into Inland Lots by the works of the Reclamation, would be compensated to the extent of the difference between the value of their lots as Marine and Inland Lots.\n\n9. The said Ordinance was ultra vires of the Legislature of the Colony of Hongkong in so far as it deprived your Petitioners of the right granted them by Her Majesty the late Queen to hold their said lot of land as a Marine Lot with all the rights of immediate access to the sea appertaining to a Marine Lot and not to be deprived of the said land with the rights and easements appurtenant thereto except under the provisions of the said lease for some public purpose, and then only upon payment of a full and fair compensation for the said land and the buildings thereon at a valuation to be impartially made by the Surveyor of Her Majesty.\n\n10. Your Petitioners humbly submit that the Legislative Council of Hongkong Appendix IV.\n\nis not a true Legislature with the powers properly belonging to and exercised by the Legislature in England. It consists entirely of the nominees of the Crown, a majority of whom are Officers in the actual service and pay of the Crown in Hongkong, and who are required, by the terms of their service, to speak and vote in Council as the Governor for the time being requires them.\n\n11. Your Petitioners humbly submit that the act of the Legislature in Hongkong is the act of the Crown and that the Crown cannot derogate from its own grants or take away from the subject with its Legislative hand what it has granted in the exercise of its Executive functions.\n\n12. Your Petitioners further most humbly submit that, although vested with plenary power, the Imperial Legislature would not, according to its recognised practice, have passed such a law depriving your Petitioners of rights secured to them by grant from the Crown without providing some adequate compensation, or some legal means of obtaining full and fair compensation.\n\n13. The Praya Reclamation Ordinance deprives your Petitioners of all legal claims to compensation and leaves them, as now interpreted by the Government and by the Courts, at the mercy of the Governor of the Colony for the time being to award them any or no compensation in his absolute discretion.\n\n14. Your Petitioners respectfully deny that the carrying out of the Praya Reclamation scheme was in the reasonable meaning of the words \"for any public purpose.\" It was solely for the benefit of the Marine Lot holders taking part in it and it has resulted in immense profits to the great majority of them, without any corresponding public benefit.\n\n15. In the year 1890 a suit was brought by the Trustees of the City Hall, Victoria, Hongkong, against the Attorney General of the Colony (sued on behalf of the Government under the provisions of a local Ordinance) to restrain the Government from proceeding with the works under The Praya Reclamation Ordinance in front of the City Hall. In November, 1890, by a Judgment, copy of which is hereunto annexed, the Full Court dismissed the suit declaring that by the clause of the Praya Reclamation Ordinance, Section 7 sub-section 6, depriving the non-assenting Marine Lot Holder of any claim to compensation for depreciation of his property and giving the Governor absolute discretion to award compensation or not as he thought fit, the Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of Hongkong was completely ousted and that the said Ordinance was not ultra vires of the Local Legislature.\n\n16. No appeal against the said Judgment of the Full Court was ever made and the Courts and Judges in the Colony have been precluded by the said Judgment from entertaining in any subsequent suit any question as to the validity or the propriety of the said Ordinance.\n\n17. The works of the Praya Reclamation under the Ordinance were commenced some time after the passing of the Ordinance, and in the year 1891 the works of Section No. 1, in which your Petitioners' lot is situated, were commenced from and including the greater portion of Marine Lot No. 185 immediately adjoining your Petitioners' godowns to the East.\n\n18. By reason of these works your Petitioners' Pier, to which steamers and other vessels came up to discharge and receive their cargo to and from your Petitioners' godowns, was partly destroyed so that steamers could no longer come up to the pier to the grievous loss of your Petitioners' business and to the injury of their property as godowns.\n\n19. Your Petitioners, however, continued to carry on their business and to receive and discharge cargo from and into boats and junks which could approach the end of the pier, although so damaged as aforesaid.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-306 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [8-9].txt",
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    {
        "id": 381935,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-306 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [8-9]",
        "page_number": 648,
        "title": "CO129-306 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [8-9]",
        "content_text": "645\n\n54\n\nTo enable me to act, I most respectfully request a reply to the following questions:\n\n1. Will the Government resume our Lot under the terms of the Crown Lease?\n\n2. If the Government will not resume, and if we claim compensation under the Praya Reclamation Ordinance, will the Governor, in assessing our damages, proceed on the principle that we are entitled to a full and fair compensation for any loss sustained?\n\nI am only seeking to know if His Excellency intends to deal with our claim on settled principles, or in any arbitrary manner; and I humbly submit that I am entitled to have an answer, in order that I may decide whether to send in a claim or not.\n\nIn conclusion, may I remind His Excellency that Governor Des Vœux thought it but equitable to make the Marine Lot owners pay $105,000 for a strip of the foreshore, to which no right had been acquired except permission to fill in; and also, that the Secretary of State for the Colonies insisted on $180,000 being set apart for compensation, not only to owners of piers but to occupiers, neither of whom have any rights except what can be terminated on a three months' notice; I, therefore, again submit that His Excellency Sir William Robinson need have no doubt as to the course to be pursued when covenanted rights acquired from the Crown are interfered with, and our business destroyed by that interference.\n\nAs I have before informed you that delay is most prejudicial to our interests, I shall feel obliged if His Excellency will state at his earliest convenience what course he proposes to adopt.\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nSir,\n\nYour obedient Servant,\n\nSIR,\n\nHONGKONG, 18th July, 1892.\n\nI have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 15th instant, in which you inform me by direction of His Excellency the Governor that he refers me in reply to my letter of the 13th instant, to your letter No. 1227 of the 2nd instant, and that he has nothing to add to it.\n\nPermit me to point out for His Excellency's consideration that your letter of the 2nd instant is not in any sense a reply to mine of the 13th, and cannot be looked upon from any point of view as a reply to it.\n\nYou say in that letter that it is premature to discuss whether any and what compensation should be given us unless and until I prove depreciation of our property by reason of the construction of the Reclamation in front of it.\n\nI have accepted that answer and agree that it is useless to discuss whether any and what compensation should be given us until I am in a position to prove some loss.\n\nMy letter of the 13th instant raises a further question, not dealt with yet in any of your letters, to which I most respectfully claim a considered reply.\n\nI have pointed out that the construction of the Praya Reclamation in the front of our property will necessarily entail some loss; and I have asked, not whether any or what compensation will be given us, but on what principle His Excellency intends to proceed to assess compensation if and when claimed.\n\nWhether he intends to proceed on the principles pointed out in the judgment of the Supreme Court of the 24th November, 1890, in the case of Ryrie v. The Attorney General of Hongkong, or arbitrarily under the powers apparently conferred by the Reclamation Ordinance.\n\nI have the honour to be.\n\nSir,\n\nYour obedient Servant,\n\nThe Honourable G. T. M. O'Brien, C.M.G.,\n\nNo. 1319.\n\nColonial Secretary.\n\nTHOS. HOWARD.\n\nThe Honourable G. T. M. O'BRIEN, C.M.G.,\n\nSTB.\n\nColonial Secretary.\n\nTHOS. HOWARD.\n\nHONGKONG, 18th August, 1892.\n\nS18,\n\nCOLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE,\n\nHongkong, 15th July, 1892.\n\nI am directed by the Governor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 13th instant, and in reply to refer you to my letter No. 1227 of the 2nd instant, to which His Excellency has nothing to add.\n\nTHOS. HOWARD, Esq.\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nSir.\n\nYour most obedient Servant,\n\nG. T. M. O'BRIEN,\n\nColonial Secretary,\n\nMarine Lot No. 184.\n\nI have to call your attention to the fact that the works of the Praya Reclamation have so affected the approach to our frontage that, at low tide this morning, cargo boats laden with sugar could not get alongside as formerly; and I now desire to ask that, if it is not contemplated to proceed with the Reclamation in front of our Lot immediately, the Government will send the Dredger to take away some of the mud, and thus restore our means of access to what it was before the commencement of the Reclamation.\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nThe Honourable G. T. M. O'BRIEN, C.M.G.,\n\nColonial Secretary.\n\nSir,\n\nYour obedient Servant,\n\nTHOS. HOWARD.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-306 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [8-9].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 403229,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "page_number": 138,
        "title": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "content_text": "## Translation\n\n**C.O.136!24573**\n\n**MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, 2nd DEPARTMENT**\n\nJune 8th (21) 1905\n\nMonsieur l'Ambassadeur:-\n\nIn reply to your note of March 26th (April 8th) relating to Mr. A.H. Rennie's claim for compensation for losses sustained in consequence of the detention of the Steamships \"Arabia\" and \"Calchas\", I have the honour to inform Your Excellency that the Ministry of Marine, in view of the decision of the Supreme Prize Court on November 20th 1904 and May 7th 1905, to the effect that the said steamers were detained on sufficient grounds and with the observance of the necessary formalities, finds that the claim preferred by the aforementioned cannot be satisfied. However, if Mr. Rennie desires to institute an action for the recovery of the losses he has sustained, he is not deprived of the right to approach a competent Prize Court by a petition on the subject.\n\nHis Excellency  \nThe British Ambassador.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 405765,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 307,
        "title": "CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "Complaints against \n\nthe Observatory. \n\n303 \n\nthe way of avoiding Hongkong. \n\n41. \n\nTurning from the question of \n\nrelief to the sufferers of the past calamity to that of \n\nthe prevention, in so far as it lies within human power, \n\nof its recurrence I have to inform Your Lordship that the \n\nfact that practically no warning of the approach of the \n\ntyphoon was given by the Observatory was immediately after \n\nand has ever since been the subject of unfavourable comment \n\nin the local press, and though I have no reason to believe \n\nthat the Observatory Officials Dr. W. Doberck, Director, \n\nand Mr. F. G. Figg, First Assistant, in the absence of \n\nlocal indications or definite information from other \n\nstations could have made an earlier prediction I deemed it \n\nadvisable with a view both to allaying public distrust in \n\nthose officials and to giving them the opportunity of \n\nvindicating themselves to direct an enquiry into this \n\npoint by a small committee consisting of the Attorney-\n\nGeneral as Chairman with a Naval Officer, a Captain of \n\nthe Mercantile Marine and the Superintendent of the \n\nEastern Extension Telegraph Company as Members. As it has \n\nsince been generally and publicly stated that the working \n\nof the Observatory is hampered by the unsatisfactory \n\nrelations",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 408227,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906",
        "page_number": 691,
        "title": "CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906",
        "content_text": "685 \n\n5. Your Petitioners rested satisfied that they could not be deprived of their said lease or of the benefits thereof, except by virtue of the said proviso and upon payment to them of full and fair compensation.\n\n6. In and about the year 1889 certain proposals were laid before the Government of the Colony and the public for the reclamation from the sea, for the benefit of the Marine Lot Holders and at their expense, of the foreshore immediately outside the line of the existing Praya or sea road from the Military Cantonments to the east, to a point to the westward of your Petitioners' property, Marine Lot 184, and to facilitate the carrying out of this work an Ordinance, No. 16 of 1889, \"The Praya Reclamation Ordinance, 1889,\" was passed and became law, by which it was provided that any lessee who should not, in the manner and within the time defined by the Ordinance, notify his acceptance of the scheme and his willingness to concur therein and contribute thereto should have no claim for compensation in respect of any depreciation of his lot by reason of the said works, but the Governor might, if he thought fit, award to him such a sum of money or such a Crown Lease of new land as he might in his absolute discretion think sufficient as and by way of compensation for any injury that such lessee should sustain by the works authorised by the Ordinance.\n\n7. The meaning and intent of this clause was explained by the former Governor, Sir G. WILLIAM DES VOEUX, by whom the Ordinance was passed, in his Message to the Legislative Council on the 22nd March, 1889, before the passing of the Ordinance as follows: \"It is needless to say that the Government had no desire to accord other than the fullest justice in respect of private rights; and though the provision in question has no doubt an arbitrary appearance, that aspect of it will probably disappear altogether from unprejudiced minds when the circumstances are fully considered.\" And further: \"But by the provision in question there can be taken into account the moral claims above mentioned; so that instead of being a hardship to the dissentient lot-holder, the clause in reality will operate for his protection. If, however, there should prove to be any lot-holder who not only declines the agreement which has received the approval of the great majority and is embodied in this Ordinance, but also prefers to stand solely on his legal rights, it seems only fair that means should be found for enabling him to do so.\"\n\n+4 \n\n46 \n\n8. Your Petitioners did not signify their acceptance of the scheme embodied in the said Ordinance, but objected thereto as the land to be reclaimed in front of their said Marine Lot, and to be assigned to them in the event of their concurrence in the scheme, was near the extreme Western end of the Reclamation and too small in area in comparison with the area of their said Marine Lot, and the profit to be derived therefrom bore no proportion to the loss your Petitioners would sustain during the carrying on of the said Reclamation by the obstruction of their access to the sea and by the immense depreciation of the value of their land and buildings, by the Lot being converted from a Marine to an Inland Lot.\n\n9. Your Petitioners relied upon the promise made by the Governor of the Colony, SIR WILLIAM DES VOEUX as expressed in the Colonial Secretary's letter of the 23rd June, 1888, to MR. CHATER, forming part of the proposals hereinbefore referred to, defining the principle on which compensation would be awarded, that is, that the non-assenting Holders of Marine Lots on their conversion into Inland Lots by the works of the Reclamation, would be compensated to the extent of the difference between the value of their lots as Marine and Inland Lots; and also upon the provision in the said Ordinance for the payment of Compensation in accordance with the explanation of Governor DES VOEUX set forth in his Message to the Legislative Council on the 22nd March, 1889, referred to in paragraph 7 of this Petition and confirmed by him in the Legislative Council on the 29th March, 1889.\n\n10. Your Petitioners humbly submit that the act of the Legislature in Hongkong as confirmed by the Sovereign in Council is the act of the Crown, and that the Crown does not derogate from its own grants or take away from the subject with its Legislative hand what it has granted in the exercise of its Executive functions without allowing full and fair compensation.\n\n11. The profit to arise from the construction of the Praya Reclamation is estimated at several million dollars, in which the Government will largely participate from the reclamations in front of Government buildings and ground, but such large profits arise only in respect of the Marine Lots in Victoria Central, and the Eastern portion of Victoria West to the East of where your Petitioners' lot is situated.\n\n12. The works of the Praya Reclamation under the Ordinance were commenced some time after the passing of the Ordinance, and in the year 1893 the works of Section No. 1 in which your Petitioners' lot is situated, were commenced from and including the greater portion of Marine Lot No. 185, immediately adjoining your Petitioners' Godowns to the East.\n\n13. By reason of these works your Petitioners' Pier, to which Steamers and other vessels came up to discharge and receive their cargo to and from your Petitioners' Godowns, was partly destroyed so that steamers could no longer come up to the pier, to the grievous loss of your Petitioners' business and to the injury of their property as Godowns.\n\n14. Your Petitioners, however, continued to carry on their business and to receive and discharge cargo from and into boats and junks which could approach the end of the pier, although so damaged as aforesaid.\n\n15. In October, 1894, further damage was done to the remainder of the pier by a storm, and blocks of stone and earth were washed down from the adjoining reclamation works into the sea immediately in front of your Petitioners' Godowns, so that it became dangerous for boats to come near them.\n\n16. In the month of May, 1895, your Petitioners, at the request of the Government, removed the remainder of the pier, and they were afterwards paid by the Government, out of the Praya Reclamation funds, the pier compensation to which they were entitled under the provisions of the Praya Reclamation Ordinance.\n\n17. Your Petitioners then applied to the Governor, through the Colonial Secretary, that they might be awarded compensation for the losses they were sustaining by reason of not being able to receive and discharge cargo at low water, owing to the silting and the raising of the bed of the sea there, caused by the Praya Reclamation works immediately adjoining your Petitioners' property, and in answer to their applications your Petitioners were informed that their claim to compensation for injuries to their lot would be taken when the Reclamation Works were commenced immediately in front of your Petitioners' lot, and that until such works were commenced your Petitioners' claim was premature.\n\n18. In the year 1896, as the loss to your Petitioners was becoming great, they applied to the Government that the Governor would assess to them compensation within the meaning of the Praya Reclamation Ordinance, but your Petitioners' request was refused, and, acting under the advice of Counsel, they then commenced proceedings in the Supreme Court of Hongkong against the then Governor Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, for an Order of Court to compel him to make his award in accordance with the Ordinance, but SIR WILLIAM ROBINSON \n\n1 \n\n...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906.txt",
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    {
        "id": 408908,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-339 - Acting Governor May Governor Nathan - 1907 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 610,
        "title": "CO129-339 - Acting Governor May Governor Nathan - 1907 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "202\n\nof wecloan .19 0 0 \n„VORINOBI „OR \n606 \n‚90}]] #'secošuse tnetisen IsidƆ \n0001Wol \nVoer,yreunds? „një) bejBŰ \n„Ess† noitejƐ noolwol \nniejnen vor enolad vsi od suonod end svøď \n\n1 \nof \neidenponok såf \n‚¤skj@nosƐ irinojo? sft \n.718 \nend to ejnemepnenne lediated edd ddim noijoɛnaco si ɑBOÍJÍBOQOTG .yewlish nodnz0-nociwc) end to acijosƐ DEİJİTÜ \n.S \nnoiJnJƐ lenianej eldaðive a to noieivora edt \nbescucha ejie enj Jańj joki eáj oj saiwo słucillið ai soibliog \nsat berisices ed of evas lliw dcide bari so mi jaesema ja \nEach vbci awob tried eno joɛnit vino ent,bød ens BeÁoso7008 bsch xuect ael ynois eyswebie erle no ebiw jos】 Oč víno si doid= .1ith ImagiƐ bavor \n.8 \neenit a ea ridedora Ilim saibliod edt \n\n**English and 901 ..of reoillo ebivona of as os #so beinoje end no ed ilin doidw ..of smoof paijiet edd evoda noijenjeİKİmbe ynav ed biwow pribliod # doue \"01 ancijatavol saf .001) Laposs \n.ejie beacq0ng add no rij8oo \nedd of 22600m elokjius lo moiɛivono sal \nsd ili domuzi yď snowknot ac^) saos of saodj sol Jucti nedsw \nncisedê end asexjsd be laudia ed ilim ebed 409 { a soiljh \nesnejeit eda abera eɛrrid bouch Jes of „Jacs) set edd 8 soiblica \nEos yninis nedu daclaoo to serhet van no) jaenp cos ed kivon bluos \n\nwould deter people from using the Railway in wet weather.\n\n4. The position of the station opposite Mody Road would necessitate what I consider rather a waste of valuable land between the front of the station and Blackhead's Lot. This square could not be put to any more useful purpose than a cab stand or garden.\n\n5. My suggestion is to enter into negotiations for the purchase of what is generally known as Blackheal's Lot. This lot must be bought altogether. It would not be possible to buy only sufficient for a Station Building. The price would be a very large one, say $575,000 for the ground and existing jetty, and would not be justified unless the advantages gained were very great.\n\n6. The lot can be divided for this purpose into two almost equal parts. The inner one, consisting of solid ground fronting on two wide roads, Salisbury Road and Des Voeux Road, gives an ideal site for a Station Building. The approach to the sea would be very short and straight and could easily be made into a covered way at very little expense. The foundations also would cost very little. These advantages alone would almost justify the expense of purchasing the whole lot.\n\n7. Now, however, as regards the outer half of the Marine Lot, I do not think that the disposal of this would give any trouble, as a purchaser could easily be found at any time at even a higher rate per square foot than the Railway would have to pay for it.\n\n8. Before, however, deciding to sell this outside half to a private owner, I have the honour to ask you to consider the following points as regards the provision to be made for the future goods traffic.\n\n9. In this connection, it is necessary to consider",
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    {
        "id": 431738,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-377 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [5]",
        "page_number": 313,
        "title": "CO129-377 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [5]",
        "content_text": "## \nYaumati and 2 miles beyond.\n\n304\n\nYaumati lies on the main road to the New Territories and has a Railway Station of its own. At present the principal thoroughfare is Shanghai Street at the back of Kowloon Marine Lots 29, 30 and 31, but a new main road 100 feet wide (Nathan Road) is being constructed on the inland side of Shanghai Street, which may therefore become less important in the future.\n\n7.\n\nOn the sea side of Kowloon Marine Lots 29, 30 and 31 the shore is curved, the lots being situate near the centre of the bay facing West: to the North and South the sea-bed has been reclaimed with the result that the portion of the harbour in front of the lots, is in a sort of pocket. (see accompanying map dated 23/5/11).\n\n8.\n\nFormerly boats could come up to the Praya wall, but owing to the depositing of waste material on the foreshore tide no longer reaches the Praya Wall: a long bamboo jetty runs seawards from the Northern front of Kowloon Marine Lot 29, and is much used by Steam Ferry Boats which carry a very heavy traffic.\n\n9.\n\nThe Reclamation of the \"pocket\" opposite these lots has long been desired by the Government, and in 1901 negotiations were opened with the Lot Owners with a view to constructing such a reclamation on mutual terms as was done with the great reclamation of the City of Victoria in 1889.\n\n10. The lots had however been split up into a number of sections, and the matter was further complicated by the fact that the shore forms a re-entering angle, and the only possible reclamation has a less sea frontage than the old sea frontage whilst the lateral roads converge as they approach the sea, and the depth of the reclamation almost equals its width.\n\nAfter some years the Land Officer abandoned the negotiation\n\n-2-",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-377 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [5].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 438025,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-390 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1912 [5-6]",
        "page_number": 231,
        "title": "CO129-390 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1912 [5-6]",
        "content_text": "Hongkong, 29th May, 1912.\n\n223\n\nWith reference to your letter No. 1 in 6981/07 of 28th May, from which I note that Mr. Harcourt desires that condition (VIII) in Paragraph 5 of your letter No. 1 in 6981/07 of the 15th March should be excised. I beg to remind you that Kowloon Marine Lot No. 9 is a very valuable site, which could readily be sold to competitors of the Wharf & Godown Company at a price very much in excess of that at which it is now under offer to Government, moreover the Wharf & Godown Company has made no secret of the objects it had in view when offering to sell this Lot to Government at the low price of $4 per square foot.\n\nThese objects are:-\n\n(a) the fixing of the site of the Terminus of the Railway on this Marine Lot,\n\n(b) the acquisition of the Railway siding which is to be brought to the boundary of the Wharf & Godown Company's property.\n\nI trust therefore that the Wharf & Godown Company may not be considered unreasonable, if in return for the waiving of the above condition, it asks for the following undertakings from Government,\n\n(1) With reference to condition (X) in Paragraph 5 of your above mentioned letter of 15th March, the proposed railway siding to approach the boundary of the Wharf & Godown Company's property from Marine Lot 9 in such a manner that the siding may be readily and conveniently continued along the Wharf Company's Praya without interference with the existing buildings and Godowns.\n\n(2)",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-390 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1912 [5-6].txt",
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    {
        "id": 444463,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 460,
        "title": "CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "458 \n\nexcavated in order to level the lot and render it suitable for building purposes, no steps have hitherto been taken by the purchasers towards developing it and it is believed that they would be willing to surrender it to Government on obtaining a refund of all their payments plus interest, say $53,000. The proposed extension of the Recreation Ground which is much needed amounts to 3.77 acres (area coloured green) whilst a further area, at present useless, extending to the nullah which is to be diverted and amounting to 1.36 acres, will be rendered available. The total area added will thus amount to 5.13 acres.\n\n9.\n\nTo admit of the construction of a new approach to Wongnei Chong Valley by means of a 60-foot road, which will accommodate a double line of Electric Tramway and supersede the existing circuitous and inconvenient tramway route, the following lots must be resumed in whole or in part:-\n\n| Lot | Area | Value |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Marine Lot 111 (portion) | 7,140 square feet | $21,420 |\n| Inland Lots 443 and 616 (whole) | 4,500 square feet | $13,500 |\n|  |  | $34,920 |\n\n10.\n\nApart from improving the access to Wong Nei Chong Valley, the proposed road will improve communications with a large area of land behind Wong Nei Chong Village which is suitable for building purposes and where, it is confidently anticipated many of the Portuguese and other residents of the humbler class who have been crowded out of the central district of the City by the influx of Chinese from the neighbouring province of China, will find accommodation. There is also at present before me a proposal to extend tramway communication over the range of hills to the south of Wong Nei Chong Village in order to develop the south side of the Island, for which the proposed road will be of the greatest possible value and its construction is therefore of considerable importance.\n\n11.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10].txt",
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    {
        "id": 463571,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]",
        "page_number": 663,
        "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]",
        "content_text": "# HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\nAnalyses, Government Notifica-\n\nthe general account with all expenditure Assessed Taxes, over and above that derived from the Carriages, chair, &c., Licences, actual cash payments, received on account Fines, of the Wuchang Loan, resulted in the Liquor duties, expenditure for the year 1915 reaching Opium Monopoly, the abnormal figure of $15,149,268. However, notwithstanding this drastic but sound method of dealing with the situation, the balance of liabilities over assets on the 31st December, 1915, was only $452,687. During the first six months of the current year, the revenue receipts were satisfactory, and the deficit of $452,687 was, on the 30th June last, converted into a credit balance of $544,295. It is estimated that the balance of assets over liabilities at the end of the year will be $1,003,643.\n\nThe revenue for the current year is now expected to amount to $13,274,000, more or $1,864,990 than the original estimate. This excess is largely accounted for by estimated increases under the following heads:\n| Category | Amount |\n| --- | --- |\n| Liquor duties | $150,800 |\n| Opium Monopoly | 1,179,000 |\n| Premia on new leases | 150,000 |\n| Tobacco duties | 200,000 |\n\nThe expenditure for 1916, which was originally estimated at $11,882,774, is now expected to fall short of that figure by $65,104. This is more than accounted for by the reduced expenditure for loss on subsidiary coin. When I addressed you last year, I stated that there was some reason to hope that the reduced sum of $750,000 entered in the Estimates would be sufficient. It is probable that, owing to the high price of silver which has diminished the loss on sale of coins withdrawn from circulation, the sum required will only be approximately $370,000. It is estimated, on the other hand, that there will be an increase in the cost of maintaining the prisoners of war and their families of about $97,000, while their transport to Australia has already cost a sum of $183,000. I hope shortly to lay a statement on the subject before you.\n\n## Estimates of Revenue for 1917\n\nThe estimated revenue for 1917 is $13,942,000, which is $1,832,000 in excess of the approved revenue for 1916, but is actually $32,000 less than the revised figures for the current year. Compared with the approved estimates for the current year, the principal increases are as follows:\n| Category | Amount |\n| --- | --- |\n| China Companies Fees | $15,300 |\n| Deeds Registration | 5,000 |\n| Fees for use of Government Buoys | 17,000 |\n| Medical Examination of emigrants | 160,000 |\n| Medical Treatment | 1,000,000 |\n| Coaching, local traffic | 40,000 |\n| Sunday cargo-working permits | 9,200 |\n| Water, excess supply and meter rents | 32,000 |\n| Postage | 35,000 |\n| Goods, through traffic | 6,000 |\n| Lands not leased | 5,000 |\n| Leased lands, New Territories | 5,000 |\n| Slaughter-houses | $,000 |\n| Premia on new leases | 50,000 |\n| Total | $1,912,000 |\n\nI should, however, explain that the increase of $40,000 under \"China Companies Fees\" is to a great extent counter-balanced by the loss of $32,340 under the head \"Companies Local Registers Licences,\" and the payment of $3,719 for the Registrar of Companies at Shanghai as shown on page 48.\n\n## Estimates of Expenditure for 1917\n\nThe estimated expenditure for the next year is $12,390,155, which is $513,381 more than the estimated expenditure for the current year. There are small decreases in the departments of Governor, Colonial Secretary and Legislative, and the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs. The staff of the Secretariat has been strengthened by the creation of a 2nd Grade Clerical post, the need for which is explained in Appendix III., but as no new Cadets will be appointed, there is a considerable saving under Personal Emoluments. Small increases are shown in the Audit Department and the Treasury, due to the creation of new clerical posts which are explained in Appendix III.\n\nIn the Harbour Master's Department, provision has been made for two 3rd Grade Clerks in place of one 4th Grade Clerk. One of these clerks is required to keep the accounts of the Government buoys. In the Mercantile Marine Office, the post of European Constable has been abolished, making a saving of $1,371. The votes for coal have been increased in order to meet the higher cost. Under \"Lighthouses and Lights,\" it has been possible to make a saving owing to the installation of Aga Lights at Cape Collinson and Ma Wan. The posts of two Lighthouse keepers have been abolished on the retirement of the holder. On the other hand, provision has been made for house allowances to two married Lighthouse-keepers amounting to $1,080, while the sum required for lodging allowances while in Hongkong has been reduced from $546 to $168.\n\nThe work in the Department of Imports and Exports has increased to a large extent owing to the various War measures in force—especially the Importation and Exportation Ordinance and to the imposition of the tax on tobacco. For some months, the Superintendent has had the assistance of two Cadet Officers, but it will be necessary in the near future to provide an adequate staff for this department, which is becoming one of the most important in the service. Under Personal Emoluments, the principal increases are the creation of temporary posts of one Higher Grade Clerk and fifteen 5th Grade Clerks, and the permanent posts of a 3rd Grade Interpreter and a 5th Grade Clerk at the Opium Factory. On the other hand, one post of Revenue Officer has been abolished, causing a saving of nearly $3,000. Under \"Other Charges,\" a small net reduction has been made of $710.\n\nIn the Royal Observatory, it is proposed to incur special expenditure of $8,000 for an installation for receiving time signals by wireless telegraphy.\n\nThe withdrawal of subsidiary coins will be completed and withdrawals from circulation cease. The sum entered must, therefore, be looked upon as in the nature of a guess. Economies have been made in the consumption of electric light and current, and it is hoped to effect a reduction of $2,000 under this head. Owing to the high cost of materials, it has been necessary to increase the vote for stationery by $7,500, although every effort is made to economise. The vote for telegrams has been entered at $25,000. It is hoped that, owing to a new arrangement by which the public are now charged for telegrams sent on their behalf, this sum, which is much less than the amount which will be expended this year, will suffice. A saving of $10,000 is anticipated in the cost of transport of Government servants, due to the fact that fewer passages will be required for officers who come under the free passage scheme. Although an increase of $35,850 is shown under the head of War Expenditure, there will be a large saving on the actual expenditure during the current year, as it is not anticipated that any large sum will be required for the transport of prisoners of war.\n\nIn the Supreme Court, a 2nd Grade Assistant Interpreter has replaced the Higher Grade Interpreter, while a 3rd Grade Clerk and Translator has replaced the 1st Grade Clerk and Translator. It should be pointed out that the men who have resigned their posts were officers of senior standing, whereas those appointed to succeed them are junior in the service. They have been promised further advancement at an early date, subject to their work proving entirely satisfactory. A reduction of $2,000 has been made in the vote for the travelling expenses of watchmen, and the temporary engagement of extra watchmen.\n\nThe salary of the Assistant Solicitor has been placed on the same footing as Class III of the Cadet Service, and the salary of the Land Officer on a sterling basis has been calculated on the occurrence of a change in the holder of the office.\n\n## Miscellaneous Services\n\nThe following changes should be noticed. The contribution of $2,000 towards the maintenance of the Signal Stations at the Peak and Cape d'Aguilar is no longer required since the erection of the Wireless Station at the latter place. A sum of $2,100 has been entered under this head for language bonuses.\n\nIn the Police Department, under \"Personal Emoluments,\" provision has been made for language bonuses, and corresponding entries under various departments have been omitted. The amount provided for seventy-nine European Constables has been reduced, and a saving is shown of $5,845. No less than thirty-eight Constables have gone to the front, of whom, I regret to say, three have been killed in action. Only forty European Constables are actually serving in Hongkong, but provision has to be made for all, as those on leave are still on the strength.\n\nThe sum provided to meet the loss on subsidiary coins has been reduced from $750,000 to $300,000. It is impossible to estimate at present, with any approach to accuracy, what sum will be required. It is impossible to predict when the rehabilitation of these coins will be completed.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt",
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    {
        "id": 463595,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]",
        "page_number": 687,
        "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]",
        "content_text": "## HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\nThe general account with all expenditure Assessed Taxes, over and above that derived from the Carriages, chair, &c., Licences, actual cash payments, received on account Fines, of the Wuchang Loan, resulted in the Liquor duties, expenditure for the year 1915 reaching the abnormal figure of $15,149,268. However, notwithstanding this drastic but sound method of dealing with the situation, the balance of liabilities over assets on the 31st December, 1915, was only $452,687. During the first six months of the current year the revenue receipts were satisfactory, and the deficit of $452,687 was on the 30th June last, converted into a credit balance of $544,295. It is estimated that the balance of assets over liabilities at the end of the year will be $1,003,643.\n\n| Revenue | Amount |\n| --- | --- |\n| Liquor duties | $150,800 |\n| Opium Monopoly | $1,179,000 |\n| Premia on new leases | $160,000 |\n| Tobacco duties | $200,000 |\n\nThe revenue for the current year is now expected to amount to $13,274,000, or $1,864,990 more than the original estimate. This excess is largely accounted for by estimated increases under the following heads: Liquor duties, Opium Monopoly, Premia on new leases, and by a yield of $200,000 from the duty on tobacco.\n\nThe expenditure for 1916, which was originally estimated at $11,889,774, is now expected to fall short of that figure by $63,104. This is more than accounted for by the reduced expenditure for loss on subsidiary coin. When I addressed you last year I stated that there was some reason to hope that the reduced sum of $750,000 entered in the Estimates would be sufficient. It is probable that owing to the high price of silver which has diminished the loss on sale of coins withdrawn from circulation, the sum required will only be approximately $570,000. It is estimated, on the other hand, that there will be an increase in the cost of maintaining the prisoners of war and their families of about $97,000, while their transport to Australia has already cost a sum of $183,000.\n\n### Estimates of Revenue for 1917\n\nThe estimated revenue for 1917 is $13,242,000, which is $1,832,990 in excess of the approved revenue for 1916, but is actually $32,000 less than the revised figures for the current year. As compared with the approved estimates for the current year, the principal increases are as follows:\n\n| Heads | Amount |\n| --- | --- |\n| China Companies Fees | $32,000 |\n| Deeds Registration | $35,000 |\n| Fees for Government Buoys | $6,000 |\n| Medical Examination of emigrants |  |\n| Medical Treatment | $35,000 |\n| Postage | $10,000 |\n| Sunday cargo-working permits |  |\n| Water, excess supply and meter rents | $50,000 |\n| Coaching, local traffic | $5,000 |\n| Goods, through traffic | $5,000 |\n| Lands not leased | $8,000 |\n| Leased lands, New Territories | $5,000 |\n| Slaughter-houses | $20,000 |\n| Premia on new leases | $50,000 |\n| Total | $1,912,000 |\n\nI should, however, explain that the increase of $40,000 under China Companies Fees is to a great extent counterbalanced by the loss of $32,340 under the head \"Companies Local Registers Licenses,\" and the payment of $3,719 for the Registrar of Companies at Shanghai as shown on page 46.\n\n### Estimates of Expenditure for 1917\n\nThe estimated expenditure for next year is $12,396,155, which is $513,381 more than the estimated expenditure for the current year. There are small decreases in the departments of Governor, Colonial Secretary and Legislative, and the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.\n\nIn the Harbour Master's Department, provision has been made for two 3rd Grade Clerks in place of one 4th Grade Clerk. One of these clerks is required to keep the accounts of the Government buoys. In the Mercantile Marine Office the post of European Constable has been abolished, making a saving of $1,371.\n\nThe work in the Department of Imports and Exports has increased to a large extent owing to the various War measures in force, especially the Importation and Exportation Ordinance, and to the imposition of the tax on tobacco. Under \"Personal Emoluments\" the principal increases are the creation of temporary posts of one Higher Grade Clerk and fifteen 5th Grade Clerks, and the permanent posts of a 3rd Grade Interpreter and a 5th Grade Clerk at the Opium Factory.\n\nIt is impossible to estimate at present, with any approach to accuracy, what sum will be required for loss on subsidiary coins. Economies have been made in the consumption of electric light and current, and it is hoped to effect a reduction of $2,000 under this head. Owing to the high cost of materials, it has been necessary to increase the vote for stationery by $7,500.\n\nIn the Supreme Court, a 2nd Grade Assistant Interpreter has replaced the Higher Grade Interpreter, while a 3rd Grade Clerk and Translator has replaced the 1st Grade Clerk and Translator. In the Royal Observatory, it is proposed to incur special expenditure of $6,000 for an installation for receiving time signals by wireless telegraphy.\n\nUnder \"Miscellaneous Services\" the following changes should be noticed: The contribution of $2,000 towards the maintenance of the Signal Stations at the Peak and Cape d'Aguilar is no longer required. A sum of $2,100 has been entered under this head for language bonuses. The amount provided to meet the loss on subsidiary coins has been reduced from $750,000 to $300,000.\n\nIn the Police Department, under Personal Emoluments, provision is made for only seventy-nine European Constables, and a saving is shown of $5,845. No less than thirty-eight Constables have gone to the front, of whom I regret to say three have been killed in action.",
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    {
        "id": 468602,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 365,
        "title": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "354 \n\n2. Their Lordships will observe that in his telegram of the 28th August Sir H. May does not appear to take into account the securities stated by the Crown Agents in their letter of the 28th February, which was forwarded to your Department on the 5th March, to have been released in accordance with the telegraphic instructions of the Government of Hong Kong.\n\n3. As there appears to be a serious deficiency in the securities deposited with the Crown Agents, I am to request that Their Lordships will approach the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation with a view to their making good the deficit.\n\nI am, etc.,\n\n(Sd.) H. J. READ,\n\n29 Aug.\n\nLast previous Paper.\n\nHONG KONG\n\n51890\n\nTuz\n\n0\n\n51800\n\nREC2\n\nREG 23:27.7.\n\nResumption of part of Remaining Portion of Marine Lot 45 for purpose of widening Spring Gardens Lane \"subrato proposals for - M. Callers.\n\nThis seems reasonable mag.\n\nThe For. does not ask for approval mi to necessary compensation intl appear in the Estimates.\n\n? Ack reet and approst action taken\n\nJR 23/10/17.\n\nHoe\n\n24.10.1\n\n10.17 atonce Vatome\n\nNext subsequent Paper.\n\n(16915—4 h.) Wt. 95722-18. 50,000. 11:16. D&S. G122 41.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9].txt",
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    {
        "id": 469720,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "page_number": 594,
        "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "content_text": "132\n\nNo. 10 of 1899.\n\nTable U.\n\nSteamships not to be approached.\n\nProhibition of false bottom.\n\nObligation to let best.\n\nRestriction on Conveyance of passengers.\n\nMaximum scale of hire.\n\nMERCHANT SHIPPING.\n\nFor boats in class B, $2 for each 10 foot or part of 10 feet in length, with a minimum fee of $2, and a maximum fee of $10.\n\nVillage boats, $1.\n\n30a. No vessel in this class shall without lawful authority or reasonable excuse approach within 30 feet of any steamship lying at anchor or at moorings or alongside any wharf at Kowloon.\n\nCLASS II. LIGHTERS, CARGO BOATS AND WATER BOATS.\n\n31. No vessel in this class shall have a false bottom or any other secret compartment for the concealment of goods or persons.\n\n32. No licensee of a cargo boat shall refuse to let his boat, except for some reasonable cause.\n\n33. Lighters and cargo boats will be allowed to carry as passengers only such persons as may be in charge of goods or baggage for the conveyance of which the boat is hired or used, or who may be required or may have been required to assist in loading or unloading.\n\n34. The following is the maximum scale of hire for cargo boats :-\n\n  \n    Boat of 800 piculs and upwards,\n    Per day or night of 12 hours.\n    $10.00\n    $5.00\n  \n  \n    \" under 800 and not less than 500 piculs,\n    \n    5.00\n    3.00\n  \n  \n    \" under 500 and not less than 100 piculs,\n    \n    3.00\n    2.00\n  \n  \n    \" under 100 piculs,\n    \n    1.00\n    1.50\n  \n\nMERCHANT SHIPPING.\n\nNo. 10 of 1899.\n\n133\n\nCLASS III. CINDER BOATS, BUM BOATS, HAWKERS' BOATS, AND MARINE DEALERS' BOATS.\n\nTable U.\n\n36. Every boat in this class shall keep a lighted lantern with the licence number either painted on the glass or cut in on the frame in figures at least 2 inches in height, to be produced when demanded.\n\n37. No boat in this class shall carry more than the number of persons for which she is licensed.\n\n38. The following licence fees shall be charged :\n\n$1 for each 10 feet or part of 10 feet in length, with a minimum of $1 and a maximum of $5.\n\n38a. No vessel in this class shall without lawful authority or reasonable excuse approach within 30 feet of any steamship lying at anchor or at moorings or alongside any wharf at Kowloon.\n\nCLASS IV.-FISH-DRYING AND OTHER VESSELS USED AS HULKS.\n\n39. The following licence fees shall be charged for vessels in this class:-\n\n  \n    Under 100 piculs.\n    $3\n  \n  \n    From 100 to 200 piculs.\n    4\n  \n  \n    200 to 300\n    5\n  \n  \n    300 to 400\n    7\n  \n  \n    400 to 500\n    8\n  \n  \n    500 to 600\n    9\n  \n  \n    600 to 700\n    10\n  \n  \n    700 to 800\n    11\n  \n  \n    800 to 900\n    12\n  \n  \n    900 to 1,000\n    14\n  \n  \n    1,000 to 2,000\n    15\n  \n  \n    2,000 to 3,000\n    18\n  \n  \n    3,000 to 4,000\n    21\n  \n  \n    4,000 to 5,000\n    24\n  \n  \n    5,000 to 6,000\n    27\n  \n  \n    6,000 to 7,000\n    30\n  \n  \n    7,000 to 8,000\n    33\n  \n  \n    8,000 to 9,000\n    36\n  \n  \n    9,000 to 10,000\n    39\n  \n  \n    Over 10,000 piculs,\n    42\n  \n\nCLASS V.--ALL OTHER VESSELS OF ANY DESCRIPTION AND USED FOR ANY PURPOSE NOT ALREADY SPECIFIED (EXCEPT BONA FIDE PLEASURE BOATS).\n\n40. No vessel in this class shall without lawful authority or reasonable excuse approach within 30 feet of any steamship lying at anchor or at moorings or alongside any wharf at Kowloon.\n\nN.B.-A cargo boat exceeding 2,000 piculs shall be deemed to be a \"Lighter\".\n\n41. No vessel in this class shall carry more than the number of persons for which it is licensed.\n\n589",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt",
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    {
        "id": 477076,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-449 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 306,
        "title": "CO129-449 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "# **CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n20 OCT 205\n\n## GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG. 24th August, 1918.\n\nSir,\n\nI have the honour to submit for your consideration the enclosed copy of two minutes by the Director of Public Works with copies of the plans referred to therein on the subject of the desirability of acquiring Kowloon Marine Lot 83 and Kowloon Inland Lot 1178 situated in Hunghom Bay.\n\nI agree with Mr. Chatham that the possession of these lots, one of which is a Marine Lot, by a private individual or Company would hamper the Government in any scheme of development of the vitally important Railway property adjoining the lots. There is the additional objection that Messrs. Mitsui Bussan Kaisha, a Japanese concern, hold a mortgage on the property.\n\n2. The Executive Council, whom I have consulted in the matter, advise that the lots should be resumed for a public purpose, and I therefore authorised Mr. Chatham to approach the owner of the lots in the matter in order to obtain a firm offer to submit to you. It appears that a fourth share in the property was held by another person and he was not willing to sell under $2.50 per square foot, at which price Mr. Macdonald, being unable to come to other terms, has bought...\n\nThe Honourable  \nWALTER LONG, M.P.,  \n&c., &c., &c.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-449 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [7-9].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 482435,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919",
        "page_number": 483,
        "title": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919",
        "content_text": "Referees \n\nGive the names and addresses of two referees. They should be responsible persons who know you well, either in private life or professionally; at least one should be well acquainted with you in private life.\n\n1. Name \n\nAddress 93, St Vincent Street, South Shields \n\nOccupation \n\n2. Name \n\nAddress \n\n42 Marine Approach \n\nBilborough \n\nSouth Shields \n\nOccupation \n\nOrif\n\nTestimonials.\n\nGive the name, address, and occupation of the writer of each of your testimonials. Copies certified by the Colonial Nursing Association must be sent for record in the Colonial Office. The copies may be either in MS. or in print; and it is desirable, though not absolutely necessary, that they should be on foolscap paper not larger than this form.\n\n(6441)\n\nMis Knaggs, Lord Derby War Hospital. Was \n\nMairon. I a 9 S R \n\nCaput: English, R A M C .\n\n(copy)\n\nTHE LORD DERBY WAR HOSPITAL, \n\nWARRINGTON. \n\n4th July 1919.\n\n469\n\nMiss J A. Davies has worked in this Hospital since March 26th 1918, and has done excellent work. She is a very well trained Nurse with a most kindly sympathetic manner, and keeps a very good tone in her wards. I consider she is very well qualified, as she holds the C.M.B. in addition to her Certificate of general training, and she is thoroughly trustworthy and conscientious. I wish her every success.\n\n(Signed) A. KNAGGS, \n\nMatron, Q.A.I.M.N.S.R.O.F. \n\nLord Derby War Hospital, \n\nWARRINGTON.\n\n6 7 19.\n\nLord Derby War Hospital. \n\nWarrington\n\nTime\n\nMiss J. A. Davies has worked under me in this Hospital for some time. She is an excellent medical nurse, fine at training probationers, and a very good disciplinarian; most kind and considerate in her treatment of the patients, and very pleasant to work with.\n\n(Signed) \n\nV. L. ENGLISH, \n\nCapt. R.A.M.C,",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919.txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 486340,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-466 - Individuals - 1920",
        "page_number": 19,
        "title": "CO129-466 - Individuals - 1920",
        "content_text": "1 \n\n(e) 17 \n\nthe head of my Marine Department and who is now in England, is thus equally interested in this matter with myself. \n\nIn this connection Mr. Tyler has been informed by the Principal Measurer of the Board of Trade that the Hongkong Measurer is entirely outside his control. I am informed, however, that the Board of Trade might be prepared to consider the matter on receiving full particulars from Hongkong. \n\nIn these circumstances, the only course appears to be to approach the Hongkong Government, and I propose to arrange for this to be done on the impending return of Mr. Tyler and myself to China. \n\nBut it is felt that it is desirable to represent this matter to the Colonial Office from the aspect of the Comity involved, and it is hoped that as a result of such representation the Colonial Office will see its way to express to",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-466 - Individuals - 1920.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 497015,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923",
        "page_number": 261,
        "title": "CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923",
        "content_text": "1\n\n2. \n\n255 \n\nnot only to H.K. Navy, but to the Mercantile Marine, and will in addition be a very valuable asset to the Colony of Hongkong.\n\n3. The estimated additional expenditure to complete this Dock is about $5,000,000 Hongkong Currency, and the time to complete about four years.\n\n4. In view of the importance of this work being started at the earliest opportunity, and the amount of money involved, we should be obliged if you would approach the Colonial Office in London, and request them to recommend to the Hongkong Government to advance us the necessary money at the rate of 4% per annum during the construction of the Dock, and for a period of ten years thereafter. The way we suggest it might be brought about is as follows:-\n\nWe propose that the Hongkong Government deposit the necessary funds from time to time with the Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation in Hongkong as required by us, and get deposit receipts from the Bank for these sums, interest to be paid at the rate of 4% per annum. We in turn to arrange with The Hongkong Bank to advance us similar amounts at the same rate of interest, thereby keeping the Hongkong Government perfectly safe.\n\nShould you or the Financial Secretary wish to see us again on",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 497716,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7]",
        "page_number": 402,
        "title": "CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7]",
        "content_text": "# \n\n## (J.)—Equipment\n\nWe think that the equipment contemplated by Regulations Nos. 14 and 15 is sufficient. We would recommend that all arms other than the sporting gun should be of a standard pattern and should be requisitioned from the Police Department at scheduled prices. The duty of inspecting and testing arms should be imposed by law upon the Police Department. We consider a quarterly inspection of arms and ammunition by a Police Officer to be necessary. In our opinion, the supply of arms to ships under these regulations should be systematized under the Police Department. We would urge that arms and ammunition obtained from seizures or confiscations should not be made use of in this way, but that all arms and ammunition for this purpose should be purchased new by the Colonial Government from the Crown Agents. The Harbour Master should also, under law, have the duty of inspecting and testing the rockets and other portions of the marine equipment.\n\n## (k)—Carriage of arms\n\nWe think that the certificated officers should carry arms at all times while the ship is in a danger zone, with the exception of the engineer officers who are on duty in the engine room. On assuming duty in the engine room, the engineer officer should take off his arms and place them ready to hand in some convenient place in the engine room. When off duty, while the ship is in a danger zone, guards should remain in uniform and should continue to carry their revolvers and 25 rounds of ammunition. All arms should be carried loaded.\n\n## (l)—Care of arms\n\nThe duty of inspecting and testing the ship's equipment and arms should be borne by the Master as at present (Regulations Nos. 16 and 20).\n\n## (m.)—Carriage of rockets\n\nWe recommend that detonating rockets be kept in a safe place on the bridge ready for immediate use.\n\n## (n.)—Guards, their employment\n\nWe think that the number of guards required by the Regulations should not be increased, except that in the case of ships travelling to Macao, six guards are required, and where it is expected that treasure will be carried on a ship, additional guards should be obtained from the Police Department. The duty of the guards should be to protect the citadel of the ship against piratical attack, and when the ship is under weigh, they should have no other duties whatever. While the ship is in port, the Master may allot them other duties in the nature of the prevention of smuggling of arms and as ship's guards generally, as he may think fit, provided that such port duties do not interfere with the proper functioning of their piracy prevention duties when the ship is at sea. When the ship is in a danger zone, at least two guards, and in the case of a ship required to carry six guards, at least four guards shall be on duty protecting the citadel.\n\n## (o)—Guards, their training\n\nWe recommend that recruits for service as ship's guards shall receive a course of training with the recruits of the Police Department until passed out as fit. The training should include drill and practice with the standard arms in actual use, rifle and revolver. They should also be subject to an annual term of instruction and musketry in the Police Department, their places being filled by substitutes from among the recruits in the interval. They should also be exercised weekly by the Master in the use of their weapons, as at present required by Regulation No. 27.\n\n## (p.)—Officers and the use of arms\n\nWe understand that some difficulty has been experienced by Masters in inducing officers to comply with the Piracy Regulations in this particular. Ordinary marine discipline does not include the observance of these Regulations. We would suggest the inclusion of a clause in marine articles signed in this port, by which each man undertakes to carry out the Regulations. Officers who are not prepared to use arms or who are not familiar with their use are unfit for marine service in the East. Opportunities might be given to officers to train themselves in port in the use of a revolver under a Police Officer.\n\n## (q)—Definition of \"Danger Zone\"\n\nThe definition of a Danger Zone should be amended to operate immediately the ship leaves her wharf or mooring in Hongkong or is travelling within 120 miles of the Colony.\n\n## (r.)—Runners\n\nRegulations Nos. 46, 47, and 48 dealing with runners of Chinese hotels have not been enforced. Regular runners are already well known, and registration is of no value. We recommend that these regulations be abandoned.\n\n## (s.)—Search on the ships during the voyage\n\nWe recommend an occasional inspection of river steamers in the Colonial waters when under weigh by a European Police Officer, with the object of ensuring the performance of the Regulations and also for the purpose of tracing arms and bad characters.\n\n## (t.)—Wireless\n\nWe do not advise that any form of wireless apparatus should be made obligatory by the Piracy Regulations upon either ocean steamers or river steamers (Commander Beckwith dissenting as regards ocean steamers). The cost of the installation of complete transmitting and receiving apparatus, together with the salary of the operator, would be prohibitive in the case of river steamers. An automatic transmitting apparatus, designed on being set in motion to continue sending out a given signal of distress, is not yet, so far as we have been able to ascertain, on the market, although no difficulty need be anticipated in inventing such an instrument. If and when such an instrument may be available, its installation upon local ships should be of great advantage as a deterrent to piracy. To render the system effective, it would be necessary, with the co-operation of the authorities in Macao and in Kwang Tung, to make use of constant patrols consisting of vessels of types possessed at the present time primarily by the Naval Authorities. Without this patrol in readiness, the wireless installation on ships would be a waste of money.\n\n## (u.)—Co-operation with the authorities in Macao and in Kwang Tung\n\nWe recognise that the arrangements made on board the ships themselves form part only of what it is necessary to do in order to cope with piracy. Measures to be taken external to the ship are equally essential to the solution of the problem. We believe that it would have a most salutary effect if a plan of patrols, whether Naval or Colonial, could be established and worked in conjunction with Portuguese and Chinese patrols. If possible, these patrols should be in wireless communication. They should have a substantially higher speed than the river steamers and should work to a prearranged plan. We recommend also that both in Macao and in Chinese ports, the local authorities be requested to conduct a search of passengers both leaving and arriving, and of their baggage, at least as stringent as the search conducted in this Colony by the Hongkong Police. It seems probable that the arms used by the pirates on the S.S. Sui An were carried on board by passengers who embarked in Macao.\n\n## (v.)—Search by the Hongkong Police Force\n\nOne of the measures on which most reliance has been placed is the search conducted of passengers and baggage on the wharves in Hongkong by the Hongkong Police before the departure of each ship. We think that the comparative absence of piracies on ships leaving Hongkong is to be attributed chiefly to the efficiency of this search and to its moral effect. In our opinion, it is urgent that the Police searching parties should be strengthened. The standard searching party should consist of eight Chinese Police and one female searcher. The present European supervision seems to us to be sufficient. We consider that the search parties on the wharves should be supported by the co-operation of a police pinnace, in order to see that only junks and sampans having legitimate business approach the steamers at any time. With reference to Ocean steamers under the Piracy Regulations leaving from their buoys in the Harbour, we recommend that one Chinese detective should be placed on board for at least eight hours prior to the ship's departure.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 503115,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 190,
        "title": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "During the past year I have been at pains to study carefully the working of the Sub-Departments viz;\n\n(a) Boarding Office\n\n(b) Government Marine Surveyor\n\n(c) Junk Office\n\n(d) Emigration\n\n(e) Government Slipway at Yaumati\n\n(f) Light Houses,\n\nand of these the only two that in my opinion have a satisfactory working efficiency are (d) and (f).\n\nOf the other four Sub-Departments the staff are keen, willing and efficient officers and my only surprise is that they have been able to \"keep things going\" as well as they have as, owing to insufficient European staff, detail work has perforce had to be abandoned. On first approach the Sub-Department under investigation appeared to be working satisfactorily but on closer scrutiny I found that, owing to each officer attempting to perform the duties that in any other port would have been allocated to two men, the work was being skimped and irregularities allowed to pass.\n\nTo enable this Department to be brought up to a satisfactory state of efficiency I submit that the following additional staff be appointed.\n\n1 Deputy Harbour Master\n\n2 Boarding Officers (Fully qualified Master Mariners)\n\n2 Assistant Government Marine Surveyors (one at least to be a fully qualified Naval Architect)\n\n1 Nautical Surveyor\n\n1 European Junk Inspector.\n\n1 European Boatswain for Yaumati Slipway\n\n1 Store Keeper for Yaumati Store\n\n1 Store Coolie for Yaumati Store\n\n1 Clerk for Yaumati Store\n\nThe ...\n\n189",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 505184,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926",
        "page_number": 450,
        "title": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926",
        "content_text": "20 \n\nyears of the Institute it would be wise to place the leadership in the hands of Europeans, or at least of men who have had the best training Europe can give and have shown their power to profit by it. The rapid success of Japan in the Western arts has been largely due to the adoption of this policy, while a principal reason for the success of Germany and the United States in productive industry is their appreciation of the value of using organised teams of well-trained men of science in the attack on industrial problems. \n\nIf this were the policy of the new Institute, the same practical aims would be found in its Department of Economics. This Department should begin by a careful survey of the export trade of China with a view to selecting those materials and products for scientific study which are most hopeful and important. The lesson of Tung oil would indicate the method of approach. The Department would no doubt go on to consider on a statistical basis the directions in which, with the help of science, waste could be avoided in production or marketing, with a view to ameliorating the poverty of the people. From these concrete studies economic generalisations would in time emerge which would put economics in China upon a sound basis of ascertained fact. \n\nIt is not suggested that \"pure science\" should be excluded from the Institute. If men capable of adding to knowledge in this way should appear, they should be encouraged and not excluded—for all \"useful\" knowledge is based upon the work of such men. \n\nIt is here only a question of what the primary purpose of the Institute should be. The purposes of the Imperial College of Science and Technology are those we have in mind—interpreted in a similarly liberal spirit. \n\nAPPENDIX II. \n\nLETTER FROM DR. W. H. WONG (OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CHINA) AND OTHERS REGARDING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. \n\nTo the British China Indemnity Delegation, Peking. \n\nDear Sirs, \n\nPeking, June 6, 1926. \n\nThe undersigned have the honour to submit for your consideration a memorandum on the use of a portion of the Returned Indemnity Fund for the establishment of a national institute of science and technology. \n\nTrusting that the scheme will receive your favourable consideration. \n\nWe beg to be, dear Sirs, \n\nYours very faithfully, \n\nWONG WEN-HAO. CHEN SHIH-CHANG. And about a dozen others. \n\nMemorandum on the Establishment of a National Institute of Science and Technology. \n\nThe generosity of the British people and Government in returning to China the Indemnity Fund imposes upon the Chinese the duty to devise the best means to utilise this fund for the greatest benefit of the Chinese people, so that such generosity may not be wasted. In this spirit, the undersigned beg to call special attention of the British China Indemnity Delegation, and the full board which it represents, on the scheme for the establishment of a National Institute (or Research Institute) of Science and Technology. \n\n21 \n\nI—Object. \n\nThe object of such an Institute is to be threefold:— \n\n1. Research. The importance and necessity of scientific and technical researches are too evident to need any explanation. The organisation of research laboratories is, however, especially urgent in China, as we have immense natural resources awaiting to be developed not only for the benefit of China, but for the world at large. To develop such natural resources it requires, first of all, full investigation and studies. It is true there exists in China already a number of universities and technical colleges, but they offer little opportunities for original research. There are also students of pure and applied sciences who return every year from Europe and America, and most of them are prepared to pursue the study on their special lines. Therefore, the establishment of research laboratories will greatly assist both the cultural and economic development of this country. \n\n2. Exploration. There is no doubt that China offers unusual opportunity for scientific discoveries. The remarkable results attained by the occasional foreign expeditions and a few Chinese institutions working in most unfavourable conditions warrant best success of more systematic explorations. A number of scientific problems are waiting for solution from local studies in China; and many a part of this immense country and its dependencies have scarcely been touched by scientific investigation. Field study shall be, therefore, systematically carried out in order to fully investigate the hitherto imperfectly known resources and eventually to discover unknown ones. Better knowledge cannot fail to bring about better use. \n\n3. Exhibition. In conjunction with the above work, museum or museums should be organised to exhibit specimens of natural and industrial products of various provinces with explanations and illustrations so as to be useful to both special students and the general public. Exhibition may be also made of the scientific and technical instruments with practical demonstration of their uses. A well-arranged exhibition is always the best thing for popularising scientific knowledge, and a good combination of the museum with laboratory and field work will give it still more living interest and higher scientific value. \n\nII—Scope. \n\nThe proposed institute shall include the following divisions:— \n\n1. Department of Physics and Chemistry—There are the basic sciences which have the greatest need of organised effort and adequate equipment in China. Besides the theoretical problems of general interest, special attention shall be paid towards matters of practical utility and local problems. An ideal plan would be to establish some such organisation as the Physico-Chemical Institute in Japan. \n\n2. Department of Botany and Zoology. This will include botanical and zoological gardens, marine biological stations and agricultural experimental stations, &c. Besides the systematic faunal and floral survey of the country, improvement of seeds, fighting of plant diseases and insect devastation, experiment on fertilisers, study on oil-bearing plants, scientific method of breeding, &c., are but the few practical problems which can be immediately thought of and which would help most materially to increase the national prosperity. \n\n3. Department of Geology and Mineralogy—The richness of Chinese coal resources is well known, but still imperfectly surveyed. Of the metallic mines, such as antimony, tungsten, manganese, &c., discovery of which dates back only a few decades or even a few years, and yet their industry assumes already a world-wide importance. Fuller investigation cannot fail to result in more discoveries and better utilisation. \n\n446 \n\nPage 450\nPage 451",
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        "id": 523480,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-522-4 China inland water- river and coastal trade- smuggling by British ships 12-12-1929 - 24-3-1930",
        "page_number": 45,
        "title": "CO129-522-4 China inland water- river and coastal trade- smuggling by British ships 12-12-1929 - 24-3-1930",
        "content_text": "he was acting on behalf of the group above referred to. He asked whether I would approach Messrs. Butterfield and Swire and Jardine, Matheson and Co. in this matter. I replied that I could not do so, and that it was for the firms concerned, if so advised, to approach this consulate. It was obviously quite impossible for me to discuss any proposal of this kind unless I was asked to do so by the British shipping companies concerned. Since then I have heard no more of the matter, and I doubt whether the offer referred to is to be taken seriously.\n\n9. Another indication that the Chinese Government are preparing to develop their mercantile marine is shown by the anxiety of the Chinese Admiralty to obtain as many trained mercantile marine officers as possible. It will be remembered that Captain K. N. Humphreys, C.B., R.N. (retired), arrived a short time ago from home to take up the post of naval instructor in the nautical school about to be established in Shanghai in the Marine Department of the Chinese Maritime Customs (see my despatch No. 275 of the 14th September), and recently the Naval Board of the Chinese Administration of Marine Affairs wrote to the superintendent of the cadet training ship \"Conway\" at Rockferry, Birkenhead, and to the superintendent of the cadet training ship \"Worcester,\" inquiring whether ten Chinese youths could be sent to each of the ships in question for training. In recent years four Chinese young men obtained Board of Trade certificates after service on the Blue Funnel Line ships, and the companies owning these ships (the Ocean Steamship Company (Limited) and the China Mutual Steam Navigation Company (Limited)) are now taking four more. Rear-Admiral C. C. Hsü, who is the official chiefly active in these matters, also recently approached the North German Lloyd and Rickmers Lines at Shanghai, with a view to having Chinese cadets trained on German merchant ships, but I learn that he was informed that at present such a proposal was not practicable.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nC. F. GARSTIN.\n\n45\n\nEND",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-522-4 China inland water- river and coastal trade- smuggling by British ships 12-12-1929 - 24-3-1930.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 524422,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-524-1 Reports of Salaries Commission 31-12-1929 - 27-10-1930",
        "page_number": 196,
        "title": "CO129-524-1 Reports of Salaries Commission 31-12-1929 - 27-10-1930",
        "content_text": "Your Lordship,\n\nA\n\nHUY FONG.\n\n208\n\n31st. December, 1929.\n\nWe, the undersigned, members of the Marine Survey Staff of the Colony of Hong Kong, have the honour to approach Your Lordship in connection with the findings of the Salaries Commission, 1926, so as to humbly entreat Your Lordship's favourable consideration to our plea for a revision of the award which has been recommended.\n\nWe venture to submit some of the main factors which we consider relevant to the award of a fair scale of salaries, and humbly beg to invite Your Lordship's attention thereto.\n\nIt is seldom that any individual is entirely satisfied with the salary he receives, but we beg Your Lordship to believe that this protest is based less on such general grounds than on a firm conviction that we are again to be placed on a salary scale entirely inadequate, professionally and comparatively, with that of our colleagues of like age and experience in the Service.\n\nDuring the last twenty years representations made by us on the question of salaries...\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE\n\nLORD PASSFIELD.\n\nSECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIES.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-524-1 Reports of Salaries Commission 31-12-1929 - 27-10-1930.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 531647,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933",
        "page_number": 139,
        "title": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933",
        "content_text": "166\n\nTHE BLUE FUNNEL LINE\n\nREGULAR AND FAST \"PASSENGER SERVICES FREIGHT AND LONDON SERVICE\n\nBLUE FUNNEL LINE\n\nLIVERPOOL SERVICE CRUHLUS\n\nFor part fail, blueponi, Karm, T'kam & Hamborg Par Port Nauč, Tärnepool & blavzi\n\nNEW YORK SERVICE\n\nCICKOJ\n\ntutor\n\n» York & Nemeč\n\nsta Pilipponen langen\n\nPACIFIC SERVICE\n\nTM Robe mod. Takohem)\n\nFRITHILA ON IRION\n\n**411\n\nINWARD SERVICE\n\nPie Faria, Van'rre à Monani\n\nBet Finans. Van'vor & Selle\n\nKEENEA D\n\nrahu, Kobu & Tokohama\n\nOLTRES Dus der For Mangiai, Kobe & Yekekrana\n\nLik megy Manman artą landed pestskapar segon macalarn\n\nspomaly rudsand furni\n\nPar fright, manage ena nad mačkemaluan apply sa tạo waedne.\n\n4:1 karkiam per abjani, tu så peersings of the Compania 'a\n\nBul al Coding\n\nBUTTERFIELD & SWIRE\n\nJEPA\n\nBARBER-WILHELMSEN LINE.\n\nTHE PREMIER ALL WATER ROUTE 10 NEW YORK and other U.S. Atlantic Purta via Pam\n\nAli Vessels call at SAN FRANCISCO and L.OS ANGELES route\n\nPassengers desiring to travel, by this interesting Route will Nad the accommodation provider! well to to their nicpeovations, up at a cost TRDNÍ reasonable\n\nPar Passenger and Freight information pinnas apply —\n\nDODWELL & CO., LTD.\n\nQuan Blingy\n\nAge\n\nTelephone 2002:\n\nNY.K.\n\nLINE\n\nREDUCED THROTONTEES TO COLORE VIL VIA\n\nVAITING PRON JETA 10 ZIMO-ON BALE\n\nMAN VILAMÓCA vu Bhanghai, Japan Porte à Bouvindo\n\nWednesday, 28th Chalobar Cheboku Hagu\n\nWednesday, 11th Nov.\n\nPaula Maru\n\nBATTLE, FANCHEVET TA Mazgirt à Japon Potte\n\nHiye Mucu\n\nHan Mar\n\n...\n\nTuesday, November\n\nTue, 10% Kovanciar\n\nDAMBAN, MARSHOLES, ANTWERP & COTTURkkar via Bergspare.\n\nno & Semi\n\nKabar\n\nKe Mau\n\nSaturday, 30th Coleber\n\nSaturday, 14th November\n\nSTONET & MELBAUENI Can Kamila à Marse\n\nKamu Maru\n\nKado Mar\n\nBang, 24th October\n\nSaturday, 21st Novačakar\n\nDAWNĀTOS Mincipars. Fotang Daimle\n\nMam Mar\n\nToki HA\n\nr\n\nSunday, Schaber\n\nFriday, 10th Cetaker\n\nBANE ARBOGA. – Tan Ömat) Tin Japan. Hapalulu Gora je spadea,\n\nProda\n\nOTO Mar\n\nNEW YORK & Benson via Panama\n\nTAUT Haru\n\nTueday, 30th November\n\nWednesday, 11th Nov.\n\nLIMPERIAL na Pars zinad. Binnekami «Canolamiragley, 4 frames de\n\nToyok Mare\n\nFriday, 14th November\n\nCALCUTTA A Sumpspoes, Pmany 4 Koljone\n\nMalers Maru\n\n+Macera M\n\nSHANKKI, KAR & YOKURASA\n\n*me Maru.\n\nYe Men\n\nha Maru\n\n12\n\n1\n\nBaturday, 7th Novembar\n\nThursday 2 Peter\n\nMAP October\n\nVeda, 5 th Chekkur\n\nYOUTH CHINA MORNING POST. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1931.\n\nRIVETLESS SHIPS.\n\nWelding Processes at Olympia.\n\nSTRIKING EXHIHITA\n\nSeveral sinking exhibita si Thư Exhibém, ut Olympia, den: with\n\nKADING QUERIES.\n\nHarbour Master Gives Full Details.\n\nWORK IN TYPHOON.\n\ncomathe\n\nreldme sal show how the woman Harbor Master zero fall detalla an The Strat, wolded ming the Zyllgur, Phim 34 mmững kết Legislative\n\nakk han kom made pratīb\n\npertise with Kosen, T. in d. Berki ris and Hala Hania to be renamed | Shika by Du Brunk Colombia Co\n\nPue further (afvenation apply to—XIPPON TUSEN KABHA\n\nPlana bella (Peivave sachange be all Degin)\n\nmenu Ch. of Victoria. She has had\n\n• few accidenta, bent no hall Jenk\n\nRegister agrees to a ten-ysing a Med at an annual verity. Than A - it roi ma by the\n\nLa Manasa ndition to CAN CA\n\nakar mal the ing on the day in die Thịthe serenor of Mr. Tonies. The graphing were, saker en jou behalf, by the Bank Str. 8. W. Tu\n\n1931.\n\nSOVIET BOYCOTTED.\n\nGerman Owners Decide to Send No More Ships\n\nSTRIKES PERMITTED.\n\nBari, Qet, It\n\nto\n\nThe German Ship-owners' Asunc|4- sslystig barerell ngulmet the Soviel sad decided not to send ship Soviet Russia in the ground chas the murikin which harta kökurred cantly\n\nGerman skipa parkiet by the Soviet amikoritas Den and Galenus war wit wly but even supported by the\n\nAt the prime moment, the crewe ur 43 Guests visuale lying la. Han Thor karbours sex mirskiing IN SYMPANY\n\nwith the kṣaven's maziem vāch' they reft we doelwit\n\nbullets to hava benken met lej vazala the bid fastenber\n\nparty of Germany, The German nag- RE DE Kaming frame-(a) WA\n\nRigtig Ponderand have Taubered t\n\nLA VILAs med ia taka proseed- Inga kënnt shem for mutiny. Valon-\n\ntar wat all the Khaninger\n\nI, I'sw mu rơi Trên Merc\n\ntyka Tha Arm has one of the ad for Enzweer Offen fer, anlatanca” Informative, welding stande ko khai char passo on to the Kanday? thu camibiting hi sera mander 10 ha, a these mig prora af ketina - Per at wilding vela and several of\n\nthe taal pingen an view papriest the\n\nWhich Lloyd's Router\n\nBruk forpočutien pano keir Approval for welded by mana' Hà. -\n\nActual Coperation. Two lena than 15\n\n* \n\nThe\n\nmay be applied to marke Notinoble spally azn the axleb\n\n¦ \n\n|| \n\nTruch bark the Grepen proseka.\n\npaliaty repertoir Portal Ligt same\n\nKabina Janka had book Wreaked mm\n\nThe Lema Talange in plaase Trai wasy. Uwing in a temporary delvet\n\nin Kansing's wirekes selegraph it was\n\npeynd improbavit to get a moD-AACO through bé bet and Du Naval Authori M.A Vary kindly\n\nFlak a fact that the Kaming Anchored in Kowloon Bay sharing aftersama at til Sostenker when Pak woon vonk in various pazia Di uchet de Hackerel 12 in, between what\n\nMuch Haval analatanes_m-cloud_vy_ the Naval Authorslin the NË\n\nfe \n\nBritish Oxygen Co., Ltd, Surat Tikka Une Processes, Ld, the Trampen\n\nSturmelend in ourzy wet – Lie rasense of takartak M Wing, after the 1790NT CONDE DEL\n\nThere are en lí types of myth 2. 14 Are the bative of the Priding and WXy-pentylane, making Kuualle during the patentada vampestada en Que stand of the Bellah – tyskeren in Du Celery!\n\nAl-Litovidgr. Lal), and\n\nran da açan in the shoud be actual, or dong the Master ket na bin iuttle\n\nHive!\n\nMaren Weltor Procent, lik|15 ta the Kooning esly intended to Kina daplay very posesont émet kalp Tanja vaakain at may alas of that work. This fem imetrymates | requiring amul\n\n110. What act of quariamen Alley Waldine. Praenza, 104, and\n\nThe Men Cdr. Bole zepřed\n\nThuar have ve výew at the exhibition = | 1yphons at the 204 September 2 including the Inkarl slemen of stor Deletions are generator w elven dally in the vớt of their psein? victrade, and include the welding at variom vindalada acaria And Alleys on The market\n\nkitt\n\ndil\n\nTWO trading, Jordan, A third towed seina Gaine Sal the tangkan escher parked my was CUG. | The Jafar in sumpseted bronne the Kawat teer At very low Abecher striking mand, with a Ho the rank people complain SEAL Tsawa (on fait, Á V TH sland made the Kaina je Phalkek, zerials farther notable de thee ja fourth june but withough volemme le Brak wolkig werk, CHENG,a ni made feat. (3) Mana ker rangu beats. Approach\n\n10 le pegnized by Brides Belated | kids by Bruning, mere found in vend KARATAN THE 14 salomatic ball\n\n| welder introduced some SOUTH 189, AN\n\n mote well vstablished in mak branchen of anginaaring, TE IN WAR IN That\n\n4. Po from Island where two small andma wyan offered ansistance\n\nIm. Tiku mlecznam tenky\n\n| yard for wekking Hanges du bë piga mano v Du\n\nwagle rette of all the scriptions.\n\nBy maing ane sling maablont 1 wʻqaimed that up to bò per eat, in\n\nStormċjail to larostirnin. Árling an A ZDIEL Opalvol Irsat the Shie\n\nHarbour Magar seat VAI TRA kuang 48 104 magang si September i ta CRETS PEL - Tantanga akech. Th PRng arrived baca IN THE OVARIE having Innensa 12 persons. No repočí kam kean rubVAR KE ANy masalty karing weary on Lammin läiked.\n\n7.\n\nTrpha Ozitza.\n\nA copy at the volens for the\n\n| denwa, up in July 1ướ by the fourrura Mater Lider Harbour [Ukakama†, J. Sutherland, Esquece, 1. N. Ikan, kajuite, raprasasting the Cinare Chament at ĻOBLEMON, | Lajtad 1. 2. Muta, ka ZADACIA- Ca. 166, Lapagim 1. Erika, Kansa\n\nWaaronger, nigkong and Kawam Yaari and Godena Vas in Savel\n\nThe Master pruria under the pener baltkatika\n\nL\n\nBahar Olsa Ezo posed to him sa\n\nThe Earbour Master účĩa khi gangg mingilega from the Katheer MASAT\n\ndesi mačke bit to cha patantivi nad Judgment of the messer who in the\n\nsa Jaden Lie ospatukone of the ha\n\nCung In One winskar somalizima_slan\n\nin na alle.\n\n1. All ců), megardene of the\n\nthe Xevieon Gadows Compeer | alone gevonder và THE SEVERE, NE MOR\n\nle the knez la bow some igraci\n\nB. Thu + Đmorpgd by Em Apr\n\nel of rhw marial may free of Kambour Wharf to Thumati in quantión 1. with ern spong conta Ime machining.\n\nredelana\n\nTxa praped to Kayang\n\n- man Ünkan as there m\n\nAchanak Teken moldin bad pound to be we funger to Un-Tr ter wh rentage, it le paly in receść zamia Duất jagat then testam has been paint 10 AM mandkod mechai et production\n\nLA MA MD mer beim Wanted so tha joining tagalber of mariale in cerpen\n\nen with some athar promo, más se blind soaking, Wite drawing, timmati work we in the handgere ledsaker, hit now in a large number af maven 14 in sand for joining machined parta to !cow which personly, wady saked * the sewal mechanical methods at PETANCAT Expense.\n\nSHANGHAI SEARCH.\n\nKusor\n\nthem\n\nwww.ime.\n\n3 regami wka zuenivad fr\n\npng to Luwee kg\n\nPo Yamal Ad by Kaung had precended La La Li end of the harbour 16 WAL vedere se les reprenanties that pers\n\nAlba won having had Qur saaneity be le samed to sing it Saat la back in cook the Kawsang team - 20 and so deprime BAT cuft n the Bart, who might be in wood lakkór, at their upper- tatuit, la mareal, townge. The request vas ins passed to Khadkng.\n\nCel A report was received that some : ehters belonging to Bablerbeda and 5wiem were in trouble\n\nAs the Kang ked Batons plewçunded to the Ext for the panami ke set Cart\n\n07.\n\nCONSIGNEES' NOTICE.\n\nHAMBURG ANKOIA LIVIR\n\nThe Metacramel,\n\nRAMSES-\n\nbering weervol Demognem of Cago kee karaby metaled that their precis Las Mong Sasam and pissed at the Thik in The Baghyng and Ho Whalf and Orari CompTRY'S DA Appena al kamjone, whom deltary zam he abschonë se the menda kou JAKÉNT\n\nCybiškai vaga will be inGOS, KR- Jana\" Matiče ka jaus given prisë sa Beemer s karval.\n\nEngineer Jumps Overboard art weet med lathe Kings Gouda kave left the Undemia an\n\nOf Woosung.\n\nAn I'd uk, Grupert was received From the Green Gland Cement Co. Saat moun laukters more in diatreon of Hak Your Region Bay). Thit mogę www popond to Kuning Un riyal ké dák Thon kung sa bad member, rondle the Master decided that k\n\nOBSYED AN IMPULSE.\n\nHangkal police warn laat most Jooksum fer á fecoigner, who, it was believed, was comming Wessang renda,\n\nThe expian để she mammer Dalero be an ardua risk to take the\n\nMain Imported sa tha, karbon master's son shortly after ka arrival from being this pac af kla ungimo Sammad vrachaard si Wevelg. Tha\n\nrarily A\n\nKuning to Lo Qia lighters & dimension with Wheck the Bubou Xiater rura\n\nPOT A Tapart was received that a bale wenn sie king inaade Källeti TalÊN. Thai Muangt visa paanud va Kuumugo\n\n10Wemen Dan Marine Woman On smaller Kellele faland en sign\n\nThe exscale deal. Taken this fellow | Bich funk could\n\ncamda tinning from his quarters wage Hamm di net aanich knalde Kabeli\n\nNo will be nakled after\n\nkit perda remaining vadadvend dur the 28th October, 1931, will be subject\n\nAll broken, chafod, and damaged Gaola ara sa be left in the Gelerta when they will be staminad en meth Gaber, 1931 na 16 mm by our San veporn, Masara. Goddard mad. Dongma\n\nAll Flame must reach me hoćeni sku Ende zeroeder, 1931, je vezan na\n\nHe Israe\n\nVVACATION\n\n18\n\nPHILIPPENSES\n\nLADO-CHINA\n\nTEAM\n\nNAVIGATION CO., LTD.\n\nHAFLINGEN SCHURF VEERATION.\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1931.\n\nCONSIGNEES NOTICES.\n\nTHE WEATHER.\n\nYesterday's Advices and Evening Forecast.\n\nGLOYD TRIESTINO SAY CO.\n\nProM TRIESTE, VENICE, BLINDI, PORT HARD, ADER.\n\nBOMBAY, COLOMBO\n\nSINGAPOR\n\nThe Steamer.\n\n\"PILSNAT\n\nCONSIGNEES' NOTICE CHINA\n\nNORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD, BREMEN.\n\nThe Acamer\n\n\"DREFFLINGK\"\n\n23\n\nNAVIGATION COMPANY, LIMITED.\n\n...\n\nSZECHUEN\n\nS\n\nOok. 25, 10 m ........KWANGCHOW Det, 25ch, 20m.m.\n\nBOOCHOW\n\nUm 271, 10 m\n\nOn 26th, 5p.k.\n\nFor\n\nHous En, Pam à HAIBONG... KINGYUANTO-DAY, 3 bp-m Aany HwAMAL\n\nTAIYUAN ...I-LAY. haring and from Broman, Bam Swami Shamanął\n\n↓ P. XITSOCHOW..ah Bià, la berg, and peči, romignese if enegs | Amor, Swatum & bixmarama |ma|kunky_peille Mat their mi Swazow, Biciscanu à Tauro Langyċude of Hongkong, 114′′ 17′′ 17′′\n\nAls lesbig landed it their rự Labida Hongkong, 12' 1\" Coalguem of Curse see hereby in- Komikoa Wharf and Godown Chu Lag SWATO, SASA & Tins\n\nthe godown at The Smaking sal\n\nHwarow a Basuvok firmed that sil Good as being, Kawings, wheece delvery Shaxandi, Nowenwang lonzed at thole Tini. Hits the Onde chiame of the Hanging and Xylem Whart Noom Dether 994. 18%, AskThe anti Godow Company, at Kww-the -Dentha watow, Wangen, Charou\n\nAmor & FrapoRAI Gonnesara ser further pačißel that cyclone i now central, wona Paking it, whonen sadise from the velarves at Hambre Bemm through and in spranding east-north-amat! delivers may be illained,\n\n* Opcional parts will not be sanded ka. \"Ovtar Jarl,\" na \"Gencer, SWATIN, Haanama & Tu BRANTUNG NOT pago lay hanghang o sa “Bignit\" H&K There are inflation of a typkanı – Jara, malena metien kan han geran, METAISM\" un \"ka. \"Herewe\" from\n\nbours prior sa vaderl's wife), but hey, Eregea sai Wang,\n\nAWATON & Hamaros N.W. NOW. Yania warsing. 29, DA, DAS-TY- Mead part or will to which is optics after the zich af October, 1931, wil - Hwaton, Shanukala TRING\n\nFoto, Passon & Hairloge... Na Piza Inweer will be efcand|| Framw, Hassanan & TeproTAO\n\nSwamwe. Wouwką. Charno\n\nway.\n\nTHE\n\nD\n\nT⚫ TSINGTAU vin SWATOW\n\n* SHANGHAI\n\nTO SINGAPORE, PENANG\n\n4 CALCUTTA\n\nTO OSAKA TI AMOY, SHAI.\n\nNORE\n\nKlekomers\n\nFailing DAVIKEN Hum, 264) Beta. KWAIBANG Wəl.. 2013 CHILL, HOTELANGE\n\nJet Kay.. YAISHING Wed, tih Nov.. YVENSANG MƐun. 206k Del KUMSANO Fn.. Mi Nor.. BUIBANG Fri., Nov.,\n\nRak 104 Det\n\nWed, 15th Nov.,\n\nTu DRAMA win AMOY & KOBE HOSANO Fo. 37 Now\n\nFINBASO TO KANDAKAN\n\nPr. Cel KAUBANG Wed.. Lith Nov, CHIPSNIO Trum, 295 Cek..\n\nA\n\nTIM\n\n7LM. 74.m\n\nSOUTH 4 NOT KUTANO\n\n& p.m.\n\nTam\n\n74.2.\n\nTA.M.\n\nNoon-\n\nmarine N.N.W. Bod. The P. DE 3p.. Skangkat warning. 114, 306. 1a) Tynkoen nú vażkown intona ly with-\n\nHompitong kabufall einen January 14, 24 85 Juden, muRTRAG AN AYUTART of 7 inches.\n\nbefore the 7th Neved 19 (len priodolog to the mid-ra\n\nwill not be recognised,\n\nS.S. \"PRES. CLEVELAND\"\n\nMANILA\n\nH\n\n6.00 p.m.\n\nKENDAT, OC 13.\n\nDOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINES AMERICAN MAIL LINE\n\nNORD\n\nDEUTSCHER\n\nLLOYD\n\nFAR EASTERN PAILENDER & FATIGHT SEVICE.\n\nThema HoskinJA AR London Cabin Clase only. Tarragh kontunya sa AMERIÇA ca Budd1⁄2 and baKUROPE vs AMARICA\n\nNEXT SAILING TO EUROPE\n\n+-\n\nPASS AN\n\nFre\n\nPAY\n\nHATA\"\n\nSEEFLIYER\" - KALBARLICKAN\n\nKLEN\n\nbeparveen ich 2 member\n\ndag/km 124 December\n\n- 2pm, 200g\n\n*Contem\n\n* Culting me Lubern. Passager dearen emang re Monita med Pond Glava Battainde,\n\nAlberta. Betgandam, Handbourg und Bremen\n\nAmsterdam Betuwdim, Hepburg und Bruma.\n\nNEXT ARRIVALS FROM EUROPE:\n\nBAILINGS TO SHANGILA I & II SRL ISSZA MARUY\n\nFreight 18 19\n\nZAM 16 ORA AMOR ÜLEKEN PASS, SACOBLENZ\"\n\nZuzkare Bar Upsalag\n\nder het With Kovember\n\nHoge Hak 1-anambar\n\nHONGKONG-NEW GUINEA.\n\nNext BABAUL ad Porin.\n\n4.E, HAREMBAN (VEN” on or shout ded penamber 1981.\n\nMELCHERS & CO..\n\nAgusta, Manglong\n\nBill of Lading will be conntersign- ed by the unde\n\nJINSIN & Co.\n\nAgesta Hongkong, Th Chelaber, Luca,\n\nTelephone 162,\n\nCanon Again'\n\nJBSEN & CO.\n\nShameez, 8.0.\n\nAT A TER DORT Fer un padrone, Joped as there werent water CAPT. T. G. PURVIS\n\nHERALD THe how at the sang, Jing, der sata mariquile at the Kew-\n\nclared back at the hedge for a mai\n\nspot, and then proceeded to unbučiam\n\nkan slicked, while in perched en te nag as stated\n\ne taken in contained in the leg.\n\n***We hellered at \" me the ones of noth the Check Low and\n\ncaptain. \"hat, ka, wou'd pay w\n\nLestion, Ho Jimt kapt nufumiening the -\n\nWire Telegraph Log are produced.\n\n4A large number at Job\n\nMARINA ARTIs.\n\nSahlbiter, Repul Svciety of\n\nArtista and Reyni Hibernia Jandarmy\n\nif you require un 40 se Water\n\nColor Painting of Stammer,\n\nalicker. Piried toward the force basta matinated at show 100 Yacht, Sailing Salp or any of were lying lengide the proyek, ko mocha come sour Kim, ka Likew of 1 shame. Each sway we won the die Clippers, (Önnuk ar\n\n| wwed end of the hous, but bufera Bag\n\nTelephone 17867.\n\nim slicker a leaped over the klant ten van Same mat deemed sveću | Amen).\n\nAccording to the emplata, the wipe, Į Įgenstad, the siter. No TECIDÍ, THE maiken were ordered dressed at dete i pl. Az order has now been immund\n\n|ka weld coming the men with the\n\nPapelar\n\nrag under the water, Une tik buat\n\nup hope of mammitting\n\nPLANETARE of the Daly\n\nMüller dechend\" \"A sampa\n\nMIL\n\nwho had born looking on with Mr-\n\nBhat auth a verset with be kept in\n\nPraya Wall Donger.\n\nThe Kamwing dee_la_wanther\n\n+ \n\nKowloo Bà 1 AL 100 ya anchor was weighed but at 6-10 pay the Ex\n\nent, came when the mean: behar. | gnezda mother was again tramped wmil\n\nKuning remained at anchor\n\nwat\n\nWe had driftas down-ram when the weather modeling\n\nteam, but, seeing the gineer was hesin pat under way.\n\npału, we ristled in Ut elverline kitch\n\nand preceeded ja Shanghai.\n\nhave been made by Pe\n\nMost of the crab wank or broken\n\non Parkas Dja penyu wall met thri\n\nTate bmtween the piers to the west at\n\nThe Harbour Diler katmer: 234 pm\n\nAnd 430 pm. Had the Kaming Been Sadat alễ khône piers the mould\n\nLorrie koma cando Piran ta | Masa boom unable to jen kan kan them\n\nBeth Elmer of kinecovery of\n\nThe Peter P\n\n110 Pa\n\nPERTE DA SE MUa kesä kam rumNE\n\nja grove Haly of booming katanut ai\n\ndegree 50 N. 7 Wat, amit ca.\n\n199 paront bal gran bir 2-rk, 25\n\nDegrees At West. The blanda\n\nsaid to len very dangerous for shipping.\n\n...\n\nEn Repumber 3 w Che\n\nNg Mai being empleyst AMITY-\n\nand the Ger\n\nRAN\n\nD7\n\nTILAGE\n\nGO\n\nFONGKONG\n\nPRINCE LINE\n\nFRBODENT SERVICE\n\ntu\n\nBOSTON AND\n\nNEW YORK\n\nCALLING AT NAPLES\n\n\"CINGALESE PRINCE\"\n\n· JAVANESE PIINJE\"\n\n5th November\n\n1st Dober\n\nEnna leak Jegginsaciation for a limited number of Passer park s\n\nusadeemia a\n\nFare-Hongkong to Naples... £50\n\nFor other Pazarge mitos, Freight, eto,, apply to :—\n\nFIRNESS (FAR EAST) LIMITED.\n\nTO TIENTSIN via S'TW,\n\nFLUCHOW A CHE DO CHEONGSHIKU Sun, Nov., 7am.\n\nBut longba un passage apply s\n\nJARDINE MATHESON & CO., ITD.\n\nTalpmed.\n\nĶnopen) Měnangetu\n\nGLEN LINE\n\nPARES HONGZONG TO LONDON.\n\n10 June/ Harber\n\nLift Degenber/31 May\n\nALDEAK\n\nTO LONDON. ROTTERDAM & HANBULE VIR STRAITS & COLONNO.\n\n9tomer-b.p\n\nPULEN|FFER\"\n\nTO SHANGHAI, KÖNÉ, YOKOHAMA & YLÄPIYOSTOCK.\n\nMeter Vonal (GLENOGLE”\n\nMotor Vonne\n\nGLENBEG\"\n\nMoker Vignani “'IEBNAPP\n\nTEINAN.... Cel seth, Spa\n\nA TANTON BUCHOW.....Ol. 20, N\n\nKWEIYANG\n\nabout. 200 mľne nerik of Yaji mer varied so from pect to port to the AA rende remaining modelirana | Bananai, Nekelwang & DALY CEFERAN\n\nA 2, m\n\nما امام بن\n\nNy thêm yê hy sinha Altar Che (inch hem left the End then i say one whatever. 19th October, 1892, will k\n\nrumclnlng undzivala sather tha | Dunaren pachagua must be Jud's in thjort to the godown for excɔination by the |consignem, and the Company\",\"be matvejen, Ne Anderson and Alle shay - 1932\n\n• 10 .. the led el Dobokar, Ka dalam bell be adult star All broken, ekataga Lamangai. The gunda kawa left the puddies pa Goods are to be left bị lập Cambodia, al dimana senat de pensantal W where they will be we pled on the two wooks, of the chip's arrival het, The Ulegram quoted below was p. 29th October 1951, at 15 2 by our | khan which date Pasy wil met be her\n\nandred Truthe Manila Obwalory survogars Stari ting eller and anguinot, at the Amarisan Commulate Gensen! | Douglas,\n\nMaxila Yarulog.\n\nCraiguen nece requested to man No Fire Insurance her baan ollastad, render Dale Men of Lading to the Billo of Laglegg will be sousarviga, unattalgiai čec countersignatur.\n\n130°, Lang. E, AS IT FALK, alky moving NW,\n\nBrembur BarkBol\n\nOut. 21, 6 –The typhoon for patt then 200 selles N. of Yap, ENNE M.W.\n\nThe anti-ggelama sa sentral she the\n\nworth of Korea,\n\nDODWELL & CO., LTU\n\nÄgenu\n\nBRITISH INDIA SN, DO, ITU From CALCUTTA RANDBOOM. PENANG KINGAPORE\n\nLatal forectal-E winds, fraki | The Simm TALNA\"\n\nMETEOROLOGICAL.\n\n20h Nervesaba\n\nBir tebe\n\n5th November\n\n10th November\n\n4th December\n\nBagland DearYLINE), VİNE DAker\n\nJay\n\n201\n\nPre Pretti, pomaga und freiber parkiaulien spjoj bo\n\nJARDINE, MATHESON GO., LTD.\n\nAEP THE GLEN LIKE, LTD\n\nTRAVEL A.-O. LINE.\n\nENTRALIA, Calling så Mamiễn (P. l.). Thursday L..\n\nCharna, Tawpavilla, Beshana, Bydony and Malbearna. BUTIK STEAMERE CHANGTE-TAIPING (...) PARTEFT MORT TE TO DATE STEAMERS IN THE SERVICE KLECTRIC LAL MORY, BARBER SHOP, BUMATON U\n\nFELWARDEN OKK\n\nD\n\nM\n\nr\n\nJun\n\nн\n\nJ\n\nhatine arrived from the shoes par Kamagra of Corps me hanby j formed that Chetr Guade 120 bring the Hongkong und Kowlem. When and Gedown Oomane's Galewno al —\n\n14h hay H chained de soju ja\n\nGrodkar Thöded\n\n1231, will be subjekt 1. rent.\n\nNice vil se ofonbed\n\nby the jah hay man whatever.\n\nTamegri Parkagen must be left in\n\nF\n\n\"\n\n1\n\ncha Getaman tur 2men by the\n\n·\n\nmuaj nga me Zemperaboen van de kan je\n\nat 10 ham on Masdays and TheDENJE. home Man to presented with-\n\n1. The days of the espapa's merival ¦herr, after why mat\n\nbe repemand\n\nMELORERS & CO.\n\nAgwia Norddeuwcher Laaye, Bing Hongkong, Th Ortaber, 1921.\n\nNOTICE\n\nPROF. I. KETO'S, Massage staklenogors moved from 1. Queer's Head, G\n\nU. Hamer Load, Maschall\n\nTelephine 220SE (Pacing Orient Building..\n\nASAHI BEER\n\nBal Agents\n\nITSUI\n\nBUSSAN\n\nKAISHA\n\nLTD.,\n\nHAUKINNON MAUL, 202 & Co.\n\nHONGKONG\n\nAgrsta\n\n--\n\nHONGKONG TIDE TABLE.\n\nTAINL GERANG TE.. The 11th Der k TAIPING\n\nJan. 17\n\nIng 15th\n\nNow 201\n\n1 Dee Bab\n\nMb Fab. d\n\n15w\n\nFor MIT KING\n\nvha ♬\n\nEnjoy Your Sher! Laany in Australia and Nave Loviand. Hong Kong Sydney 19 Daya. FIRST VLABS FARE TO AYONET, 276 METUUN\n\nLONDON 194 Australia; from 11:36:13\n\nqur lekese Taira l'hora Lacuna donna. Dea Beypa\n\nOBANCTE\n\n10\n\nAUSĪGALIAN- ORIENT L LIKE LIMITED BUCKSIDE MONTILE. Again HOND INDI\n\nO. S. K.\n\nANTHON BANDWID\n\nAND ANTWERP DEL Bog\n\nJANELİNİ KANTES R IRENES ALEKS\n\n-7\n\nMULIACENE VILISANE SARMAY\n\nTÄCCKLAND & WELLINGTON\n\nMar\n\nmanda AY\n\nMOMBASA ZANZIBAR. PANTS SALAAN. APIRA 19URANCE KARATES, BLAIAN PORT EL. ZABETH & CAFETERN 1 chên 121 BX JANRING BANTING J BUENAS AIRES\n\nmen\n\nCALAUTTA VIAMonpapan, Kalymns\n\nDe Bang\n\nNEW YOK, in Japan pod l\n\nAngelie a Panama Call Trimetal Bom Phila alge in d. Maltalk. JAPAN PORTS (Prequent Harved |\n\nKAIPHONG Som Top & Fakha\n\nCEILING L Batam ad\n\n(day 1\n\nTATAI V Sundew and Away.\n\nTetaphily (10\n\nW\n\nMonada Moru\n\nblue sky, imelendz, d=dziugļu, ==folghtning, ist, The Lionde hai jadi ing (odpora Gravelcard, perpasaling showera, equatio, so, sathunder.\n\nALIURATHA\n\nkt: ne\n\nthn\n\nS\n\n: !!!\n\nFr\n\nT'h Ker\n\nTues Non\n\nWed\n\n1st Nat\n\nToda Mari\n\nFr\n\nShed Cri\n\nMito\n\nThu, 29th Chel\n\nB 25 Öel\n\nThum, 5th No\n\nsalon M\n\nTh∙li har..\n\nFor further particulars please apply to:-\n\nOSAKA SHOSEN KAISHA.\n\nTel.\n\nTHE EAST ASIATIC CO., LTD., COPENHAGEN.\n\nThe M.S. \"SIAM\"\n\non or about 24th October\n\nIne\n\nPORT SAID, HAVRE, MARSEILLES, ANTWERS ROTTERDAM, AMSTERDAM BAMBURG COPENHAGPS & OTHER RCANDINAVIAN & BALTIC POS\n\n1.\n\nPAWA\n\nMIATA\n\nANNA JU\n\nMAILING LIT\n\nthe f\n\nDet\n\nThe 3 of Lolk er um from the na GW Ila ka baba zaporini.\n\n\"GLEN\" LINE (DIFTED.\n\n7 Motory AAA,\n\nPELENOGI I And fre Cumerenees of mange b;\n\nint that\n\nTar Ind me ther risk tr\n\n-\n\nwer extre bargado,\n\nDen Bmekan\n\nH Kiedmans\n\nwe por\n\n¡ MTC Ping\n\nhaxard\n\nGodmen at Toon What\n\nlimited\n\nmp and a fewn the whačem, de\n\nAng may kaszaimed\n\nASAHI\n\n1971, at 10\n\nin th\n\nLAGER\n\nALE PONgg Inrindag these\n\npolice by Mr G. 1. Ger, the provvind, and muit ako se rabattil seand beer, who lakimakes that the day of meriv... elhel weapon mas handed in the Chinese, they will not be redigini il martermastar to theum on October 1, No Flee Intard wat be effeted;\n\nwas dismissed at Switem, Sa\n\nBit of Lang wiD He\n\nmapected að karlng inken. Che revolver of l\n\nThe what discover: JARDINE, MATHESON & CO., LTD notil the ship'n gemak was checked saarival in Hongkong.\n\nweek, the Dutybar, IM1.\n\nExport\n\nCOM\n\nBANK LINE LTD.\n\nAGENTS FOR\n\nELLERMAN & BUCKNALL 5.8.\n\nCO., LTD.\n\nKATLINGS. STIRJEST TO ALTERATION WITHOLT FOTICE. UNITED KINGDOM & CONTINENT\n\n8.6. \"ITY OF WINDSOR\"\n\n8.8. \"CITY OF HOUBAL\"\n\nFAST\n\nOD\n\nLITY\n\nELLER WAN LINE.\n\nLondon, Katteplam, Bamburg & Glasgow.. Havre, London, Rotterdam & Hamburg\n\nH p + Tith Yember\n\nNEW YORK, BOSTON & BALTIMORE AMERICAN & MANCHURIAN LINE.\n\nALSO WOINTI POR\n\nANDREW\n\nWEIR & CO.\n\nHER FACT tho\n\nAMERICAN & ORIENTAL LINE.\n\nMV. \"IRIKBANK\"\n\nat Now\n\nI'\n\nBeaton. Now Yark & Baltimaa MY POYLEBANK\" Boston, New York & Ballimato MAGRITIUS & SOUTH AFRICA\n\nSTINEOW-\n\n\"ob Jam 14'?\n\nBANGXING BANGVON SKILICE MAPITAINED BY THE FAST BATON RESSAL V.\n\nPINTANDO\n\nW\n\nKnee Booting.\n\nTriophene 2505,\n\nIelegram. \"Fumanc-e\n\nThiepveno 14871.\n\n;\n\n\"\n\nLer\n\nES OUTÖRER. 1951.\n\npirate apple te JOHN MANKENS & CA LH.\n\n...\n\nBehaven.*.\n\nich Navebuv\n\nORIENTAL AFRICAN LINE.\n\na dlak Chak ber Ma \"etla.. Kantan, Prologoa day. Exat 1-8d – Ak Day Fort Mnet àlay, anzi Capriona Through Hub of Jamag mind to Bary, quicus me. To Peet Atverk. Mozambique, Code. Ixhaminas, Zanabar. Monsassa, Kundra, Id Nagok, Tum Bay, Wade Pay apd Hedagow.\n\nfraight phanage on xay of the abera lisel\n\nMeranie Bank Baldin.\n\nTelephone 7.\n\nTHE BANK LINE, Ltd.\n\n10\n\n...\n\nNOT\n\nI 10.\n\nKAYIKO SUITANG\n\n„Kov. Si, Ap\n\nKey E EUROCHOW Now, Hà. 110 p. BUNNING\n\n*,, Nov. 8th, LUPA. TISTS XOXICROW Nov 19th 10m 10.\n\n* Caling at Away for Pasoengues only\n\nBalinge Bunjach to Alteration\n\nFor Fregul or Fanvagn apply to—BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE\n\nTalophon 3)\n\nAgrate\n\nChers and keppage san lor Enement at ima Ullared Vottarhald\n\nHAMBURG-AMERIKA LINIE\n\nYAPPEL.\n\nFAR EASTER MAIL-FREIGHT- = PARBENGER SERVICE between. JAPAN, CHINA, BOSALONG, PAI LIPPINES, STRAITS SETTLEHENIS. COLOMBO and BUROPE.\n\nSAILINGS 10 UROPE.\n\nMIT KHADELAND\"\n\nMT\n\nKANGRA\n\nAV-LEVERS FEN\"\n\n39\n\nRAARLAND\n\nDEITINATION.\n\nTees, Kastırdım i\n\n(3) Oman, Mattosklen, Kostarda\n\nLEAVING\n\nING\n\nHamburg Ni Novencher\n\nBird Nesebar\n\nGia Dovember\n\nBreedtem, Mosterdam\n\n+ Hamburg\n\n(1) Gam, Matsuším, Recordem\n\n4 Balang\n\nmikku ja varapova 1NI JEUNG JA Goj arīkoj\n\nARNIVALS FROM EUROPE,\n\n· LEVERKUSEN\n\nNYELMELLAND'\n\nTh\n\nBAJOČNOM ME\n\nD\n\nMY\n\nKM SAARLAND\"\n\n176\n\nBjects ratios tulkost. Nolum (T) Exellent Acunmodation fur Passenger, Qualiħad Burgwom\n\norczled.\n\n25 Limited Passenger Abgommedaliva, Qulided Surgeca saznION (3) Cargo Brat\n\nFaraghodig in Semon from £70.0.0. Par (tylko particulars please apply to diguda ——\n\nJEBSEN & CO.,\n\n37. Poddar ásamt, Hongkong.\n\nAGJENTA\n\nTad iz\n\nLLOYD TRIESTINO\n\nPertuightly Pasangan and Freight Hervice for\n\nBRINDISI, VENICE & TRIESTE\n\nris Žagapers, Columbs, Bombay, Jules, Bam, and Port Bald.\n\nTak Curges through Hilla of Lading to Fitaner, Gans, Al HallAN,\n\nAdelaide, Liries, Blask doa sud Dumbo Parla\n\nFamasgera to LONDON (Overh\n\nNEXT BAILINGS FROM HONGKONG\n\nB.B. MONCALIEKI (Cargo boek, NN, CARIONANO (Carga bouti\n\n5.8. PILNA\n\n8. GANG\n\n(Pamerogor mos\n\n[Passenger boat)\n\n5.8 VENEZIA L (Pam & enzym konto\n\nMV. BILDA\n\n(Large boat)\n\n8.8. CRACOVIA || Passenger busty\n\n* Ünļmayıl vayaju se Kamples vały.\n\nthad Sut\n\n315 Ok\n\n2012 Del\n\nInh Em .. Bộ GT\n\n18th Mar\n\n2003 Hea\n\n14 Der 17th Jan> \n\nLa The\n\nLariamlar Attentam in called in shaka “GARGET MAANA MAI Makhu thu veg zân Hongkong/Hade em 30 days, than sibering passengers to nuk benda\n\n♫k duya ən koma for the Chelatarna Heli dogr Badung Duam vekjes së akomadian pikkeni merusa\n\nFor Fartendere, simae sapit ka v\n\nQueen's Belshing\n\nPol Speci\n\nDODWELL & CO., LTD.\n\nAgenu\n\nKLAVENESS LINE\n\nPACIFIC\n\nCUAST ASIATI\n\nSERVICE,,\n\n..EGI LAR TRANS-PACIFIC SERVICE\n\nPALEOAL est for LOS ANGELES,\n\nSAR FRAMASCŲ, PORTLAND INEGON, PREET SOUND BATTLE TACOMA\n\n3BNFVILLE\n\nBaling ni Kar\n\nm. Lần making paper::: 'I: ANUKLA64 by Herat nypornAMŲ SOUTH BOUND\n\nYL1E\" dow Hlong lịch minh lên th Adressing cargo, la MINDAPURA AJAYA PORTA\n\nLantagh Funnger Amummaanting kallakka bar Fragma Paangs Haim and all sikar tabernet\n\npe\n\nTHORESEN & CO. LTD.\n\nkam v Benám.\n\nAparta\n\nTN\n\nMES.\n\n. Lop đưa\n\n147\n\nE",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 545866,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-549-9 Air Ministry- transfer of land for Officer's Mess at Kai Tak 6-6-1934 - 29-12-1934",
        "page_number": 36,
        "title": "CO129-549-9 Air Ministry- transfer of land for Officer's Mess at Kai Tak 6-6-1934 - 29-12-1934",
        "content_text": "COPY.\n\nS.23467 II.\n\nSerial No.A.M.845.ENI\n\nSECRET\n\nCYPHER MESSAGE.\n\nTime of Origin 1320 hours\n\nI.C.\n\n6.6.34.\n\nTime of Receipt 1658 hours\n\nG.M.T.\n\nCipher telegram from Headquarters, Royal Air Force, Far East, to Air Ministry.\n\n2.47 6/6.\n\nYour A.M.431 1/6 and my 2.44 31/5.\n\nNow confirm that immediate occupation can be obtained of officers mess site on agreement to pay dollars 36625 plus 4400 for additional area now required for approach road as project to construct joint road with local Government now abandoned or such less sum as may eventually be agreed upon. Immediate Occupation can be obtained of triangular area on agreement to pay dollars 176150 or such less sum as may eventually be agreed upon. Government will not agree grant indeterminate marine rights but prepared to leave unreclaimed any land likely to interfere with sea access and will consult Air Ministry before any reclamation of this nature is undertaken. All this is subject to consent of Secretary of State for Colonies which is understood to be merely formal. Presume negotiations for actual transfer and occupation of land will be conducted between you and Secretary of State for Colonies.\n\nRegistry (Telegrams)\n\nCopies to:-\n\nW.B.3.(3)\n\n(Action Copy)",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-549-9 Air Ministry- transfer of land for Officer's Mess at Kai Tak 6-6-1934 - 29-12-1934.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 552964,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-560-16 Traffic of arms to China 11-11-1937 - 1-1-1938",
        "page_number": 18,
        "title": "CO129-560-16 Traffic of arms to China 11-11-1937 - 1-1-1938",
        "content_text": "## 2.\n\nwould naturally prefer if possible to obtain these supplies on favourable credit terms but would pay cash if necessary.\n\nI told Commander Hsu that I could not promise to grant any of these desiderata and could do no more than pass them on as coming from General Pai Chung-hsi and ask for an early reply. In particular, I was of the opinion that the supply of volunteer British crews for submarines was impossible in view of the attitude adopted by His Majesty's Government at the Nyon conference. Commander Hsu said he understood, but expressed the opinion that His Majesty's Government should meet Chinese desiderata as far as possible, especially the naval requirements, even at some expense to our own rearmament, as it was of the highest importance to England that the Japanese fleet should be weakened as much as possible. He also said that the question of an appointment of a British naval adviser was under consideration and that the Minister of Marine might shortly be instructed to approach us in the matter. If England was unable to help in the supply of naval war material and an adviser, he feared that China might be forced to turn to Germany, which she was reluctant to do.\n\nCommander Hsu mentioned that the question of supplies of certain war material to China had already been raised in London by the Chinese Ambassador.\n\nForeign Office telegram No.245 to Shanghai presumably refers to this approach.\n\nI should be grateful to learn as soon as possible what reply I should return to General Pai Chung-hsi.\n\nRepeated to Foreign Office.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-560-16 Traffic of arms to China 11-11-1937 - 1-1-1938.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 556296,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-565-1 Indo-China Steam Navigation Company- acquisition of Chinese merchant steamers 30-9-1937 - 6-4-1938",
        "page_number": 29,
        "title": "CO129-565-1 Indo-China Steam Navigation Company- acquisition of Chinese merchant steamers 30-9-1937 - 6-4-1938",
        "content_text": "In any further communication on is subject, please quote\n\nNo. F9391/827/10.\n\nand address—\n\nnot to any person by name\n\nbut to—\n\nThe Under-Secretary of State,”\n\nForeign Office,\n\nLondon, S.W.1.\n\nImmediate.\n\nFOREIGN OFFICE.\n\nS.W.1.\n\n12th November, 1937.\n\n10.\n\n29\n\n494\n\nSir,\n\nI am directed by Mr. Secretary Eden to refer to Colonial Office letters of the 23rd October and the 1st November, both numbered 53856/37, on the subject of the proposed purchase by the Indo-China Steam Navigation Company of four China Merchant steamships. The question of transfer to British registry is one for the Board of Trade, but since Mr. Eden is advised that, provided that the necessary conditions are fulfilled, there is no power to refuse British registry, he presumes that Messrs. Jardine Matheson and Company's enquiry implies that they would not complete the transaction if it were to be regarded unfavourably by His Majesty's Government. As to this, Mr. Eden considers that no political objections exist.\n\n2. As regards the question of an approach by His Majesty's Ambassador in Tokyo to the Japanese Government or by Messrs. Jardine Matheson and Company to the Japanese Consul-General in Hong Kong with a view to ascertaining whether the ships would be allowed the freedom of the seas, Mr. Eden shares the view of the Secretary of State for the Colonies that such action cannot in present circumstances be contemplated. He agrees, however, that if the transaction is carried out the attention of the Japanese Government might be drawn informally to it, for example, by the Naval Attaché at Tokyo in conversation with the Ministry of Marine. He could not countenance any formal approach by Messrs. Jardine Matheson and Company to the Japanese Consul-General at Hong Kong, as suggested in the telegram from Hong/\n\nThe Under-Secretary of State,\n\nColonial Office.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-565-1 Indo-China Steam Navigation Company- acquisition of Chinese merchant steamers 30-9-1937 - 6-4-1938.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 560622,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-570-7 Sino-Japanese War- attack on shipping 21-3-1938 - 18-11-1938",
        "page_number": 53,
        "title": "CO129-570-7 Sino-Japanese War- attack on shipping 21-3-1938 - 18-11-1938",
        "content_text": "Cony.\n\n(F3240/4/10).\n\nDecypher.\n\nFrom: JAPAN.\n\nSir R. Craigie, (Tokyo).\n\nMarch 24th, 1938.\n\nD.\n\n1.20 a.m.\n\nMarch 24th, 1938.\n\nR. 9.30 a.m.\n\nMarch 24th, 1938.\n\nNo. 364.\n\n5.6\n\nMy telegram No. 351.\n\nThis matter was first raised on 18th March with Naval Attaché by Aide-de-Camp to the Minister of Marine who quoted specific case of British ship \"Kiangsu\" which approached portion of Japanese fleet at anchor near Ladsane Island on 16th March. Aide-de-Camp emphasised that he was not implying that ship had no right to be where she was but feared that if merchant ships passed close to Japanese warships particularly at night or in misty weather, incident such as both countries would wish to avoid might occur (Aide-de-Camp stated when at anchor in these regions at night Japanese fleet showed no lights but patrol was maintained outside the fleet).\n\nIn further discussion today Aide-de-Camp confirmed that route suggested in Minister for Foreign Affairs' identic note 10 would keep ships clear of Fleet anchorages.\n\nI consider this approach and note contained in my telegram under reference are prompted by genuine desire to avoid disagreeable incidents and I hope if possible Japanese request may be met.\n\nAddressed to Foreign Office No. 364; repeated to Hongkong (Hongkong please repeat to Commander-in-Chief as telegram No. 73 and saving to Shanghai).",
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        "id": 560842,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-571-1 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 10-1-1938 - 24-12-1938",
        "page_number": 48,
        "title": "CO129-571-1 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 10-1-1938 - 24-12-1938",
        "content_text": "## SECRET TELEGRAM\nTo Foreign Office `364`  \nFolio No.  \n`(R)` Hong Kong `54`.  \n(Copy to C. in C. `73`) Saving Shanghai.  \nSystem Cable.  \nTokyo.  \nFrom Governor, Hong Kong.  \nDate `24th March, 1938`  \nCode or G.T. Cypher.\n\nMy telegram `351`.  \nThis matter was first raised on March 18th with Naval Attache by Aide-de-Camp to Minister of Marine who quoted specifically the case of a British ship KIANGSU which was approached by portion of Japanese fleet at anchor near Ladrone Island on March 16th. Aide-de-Camp emphasised that he was not implying that ship had no right to be where she was but feared that if merchant ship passed close to Japanese warships particularly at night or in misty weather, incident such as both countries would wish to avoid might occur (A.D.C. stated that when at anchor in these regions at night Japanese fleet showed no lights but patrol was maintained outside district).\n\nIn further discussion to-day Aide-de-Camp confirmed that route suggested in Minister for Foreign Affairs identic note `10` would keep ship clear of fleet anchorages.\n\nI consider this approach and note contained in my telegram under reference are prompted by genuine desire to avoid disagreeable incidents and I hope if possible Japanese request may be met.\n\nCopy to:  \non `53604/38`  \n`(R)` B.A.Shanghai `200`.  \nB.A. Tokyo `170`  \nThe Commander-in-Chief,\n\nDate `23rd March, 1938`.  \n`61.48`  \nSystem W/T  \nCode or Cypher.  \nI.D.\n\nReference Tokyo message `351` to Foreign Office. There is little practical difficulty in implementing Japanese request but by complying we are accepting principle that they have right to dictate routes to our shipping.\n\n2. Reference to confusion with enemy shipping is meaningless as no Chinese steamship is out of port. Real reason is probably their dislike of being looked at.\n\nFurther messages on this subject as follows:  \n`1011/23`.",
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    {
        "id": 563292,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-574-13 British capital for China- Prime Minister's statement 5-11-1938 - 5-11-1938",
        "page_number": 52,
        "title": "CO129-574-13 British capital for China- Prime Minister's statement 5-11-1938 - 5-11-1938",
        "content_text": "# International Situation\n\n## HOUSE OF COMMONS\n\nThe first step to national efficiency is to create a single economic unit, to ensure that nobody makes profits out of national needs, particularly armaments; and that our resources in coal and power, transport, iron and steel and textiles no longer remain in private hands, and that every idle acre of land should be brought under cultivation. I am not concerned now about the kind of mechanism required, whether it be State ownership or some form of public utility.\n\n[Mr. Shinwell.] What are the Government going to do about it? Has the matter been mentioned in Government circles? Is the Board of Trade getting busy? Or are we to rely upon appeasement, upon Herr Hitler's good will? If so, it will bring cold comfort to our major industries, where there are already indications of depression. I shall not occupy the time of the House by relating the facts; we are all more or less familiar with them.\n\nOur Mercantile exports are declining. Marine is in a condition of depression. We have 2,000 fewer vessels than we had in 1914, and the tonnage building now is 300,000 tons less than at this time last year. The tramp shipping industry contemplates a scheme which will lay up many vessels, which means more unemployment and reduces the prestige of the Mercantile Marine of this country throughout the world. The Minister of Labour said to-day, in reply to a question I put to him, that unemployment had reached a figure of nearly 1,800,000. That is a very serious situation.\n\nLet me make it perfectly clear that no one on this side desires to prevent the German nation from engaging in trade. I say that advisedly, because of what the Prime Minister said this afternoon. The German people have to live, and we wish them well, whatever our views may be about totalitarian States and the methods employed by Herr Hitler. But in this Debate we are considering the effect of Munich. It is no use pretending that the position now is better for us than it was before. It is worse, and, unless we take proper measures, we shall find ourselves in a desperate position. In these new circumstances, in my view, we must proceed to reorganise our industrial and economic forces in the most efficient fashion if we wish to retain our trade, much less add to it.\n\nI attach some importance to the Anglo-American Trade Agreement, but it will take more than that to counteract the evil consequences of Munich. There are two possible lines of approach. One is the economic policy of this party; the other a policy, less valuable in my view, which may prove more acceptable to this House. We must develop a new technique, however unpalatable it may be to certain interests in the country.\n\nIf we had our way, we should bring essential industries and services under public control. But, as I recognise that this policy is unacceptable in the present state of opinion in this House, I pass to consider the alternative. It will be agreed that Germany is a complete economic entity. We are not. Can we do anything in this direction? First, I maintain that manufacturers might be induced to agree to a larger measure of control over their operations than it has yet been possible to introduce in our industrial affairs. We should create a Government Department equipped with power to direct and, within limits, control trade. We could establish import boards. We should refuse to tolerate harum-scarum methods of buying, not related to national needs or the state of our own industry. There are many articles imported which we could do without, and this should not be left to the arbitrary decision of private individuals.\n\nMoreover, we should be prepared to assist our exports if necessary. What other hope is there for textiles and for coal? There is a challenge for the right hon. Gentleman. What is the solution for the depression in the textile industry other than some kind of State assistance, which is more required than ever in view of the economic situation which has emerged? Industrialists must be ready to agree to priority in production. If it is in the national interests to produce steel for home industry rather than for export, for example, it must be done. The matter is one for the State to decide. It ought not to be left to the discretion of private trade interests. Our imports and exports are not the sole concern of private traders, but the concern of the State. In short, the methods which suited us in the past are no longer effective, least of all since the Munich Agreement. If all this looks like the approach of the regimentation of industry, as indeed it does, I must remind the House that we are in a new situation, and that fresh and radical measures are necessary. The best safeguard against undue dislocation of industry is the Parliamentary forum, where adjustments may be made, not in the interests of any particular section, but in the interests of the State. That is precisely the difference between the methods of democracy and of the totalitarian States. In this connection, the co-operation of the trade unions should be sought.\n\nThat brings me to the question of a Ministry of Supply. I shall not discuss the merits of the question itself. That will be a matter for another Debate. The Prime Minister said that compulsion was essential if a Ministry of Supply was to be created. I beg to differ from the right hon. Gentleman and to point out that so far no attempt has been made to enlist the industrial man-power of the country by voluntary means. There has been no approach to the trade unions and no definite proposals have been placed before them. The right hon. Gentleman ought to try out that voluntary method by an effective approach to the trade unions. That, surely, does not prevent the creation of a central organisation, with power to direct on the basis of voluntary agreements reached both with the employers and the workpeople in the various industries.\n\nThere is one vital matter to which I invite attention. An appeal has been made in the course of the Debate by more than one hon. Member for national unity. As I understand it, national unity is a corollary of another National Government, but we have had a National Government for the past seven years, or is it really a National Government? Why are there these appeals for another National Government? What is wrong with this one? [An HON. MEMBER: \"Holdsworth.\"]\n\nMr. Holdsworth: It is a lot better now, Mr. Shinwell: We think an appeal of that kind will meet with little success. I will state the reason very shortly. What is it that keeps us apart? It is simply explained. We hold a different conception of how society should be organised, of how the workers should be treated and of the principal implications of democracy. We cannot see the least justification for maintaining at one end of the social scale a few thousand people whose wealth is enormous, while at the other end there are millions whose lives are filled with problems and whose whole existence is insecure from the cradle to the grave. These are facts which cannot be disputed. Once that gulf is bridged, we can have national unity, but any appearance of national unity, in face of conditions of social injustice, would be spurious and temporary.\n\nWe recall that those who speak of national unity increased the length of the miners' working day, introduced the Trade Dispute Act which limited the rights of trade unionists, imposed the means test, and we remind ourselves that they are now speaking of reducing the social services. When we detect a change of heart followed by appropriate action, then we shall consider national unity and not before. That does not mean that in a national emergency we should let the country down. Give us a just cause and the workers will respond, but the workers are suspicious of the Government all the more since the betrayal of Czechoslovakia.\n\nThe Prime Minister spoke this afternoon of fouling one's nest. I ask him not to confuse criticism of the Government with criticism of the nation. The right hon. Gentleman attacked my right hon. Friend on the ground that we had been broadcasting the alleged decadence of this country. We have done nothing of the sort. We may have said something about the decadence of the National Government, but we have a profound faith in the ability of this country and its people to rise above the existing difficulties. Therefore, I say to the right hon. Gentleman that the nation is sound at heart; it is the Government who have failed. If we are to have real national unity to deal fundamentally with the problems that imperil our trade and the country as a whole, the best advice we can give is that the Government should make way for a Government more concerned with national interests and less with the interests of a small section of society.\n\n10.31 p.m.\n\nThe President of the Board of Trade (Mr. Oliver Stanley): I hope that in the rather controversial atmosphere raised, as it very often is, by the hon. Member who has just spoken, the House will not think it inappropriate of me if I feel that I cannot pass over in silence the speeches that were made by my right hon. Friend the Prime Minister, by the right hon. Gentleman the Leader of the Opposition and...",
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    {
        "id": 573732,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-589-11 Port of Hong Kong- Report on future control and development 18-7-1941 - 10-10-1944",
        "page_number": 70,
        "title": "CO129-589-11 Port of Hong Kong- Report on future control and development 18-7-1941 - 10-10-1944",
        "content_text": "## THE DOCK AND HARBOUR AUTHORITY\n### February, 1942\n#### Port of Hong Kong-continued\n\nSir David Owen's Report having been brought to the notice of Mr. John Duncan, M.Inst.C.E., formerly Port Engineer of Hong Kong, the following interesting communication has been received from that gentleman. It will be recalled that Mr. Duncan's recommendations for the future development of the Port were published in the issues of this Journal for April and May, 1926:- \n\n**To the Editor of The Dock and Harbour Authority**\n\nPort of Hong Kong\n\nIt is indeed the irony of fate that whereas in 1924, the peak year of the colony's prosperity, I had the honour of advising the Government of Hong Kong on the commercial development of that great port; now in 1942, when that beautiful Colony with its excellent natural harbour, second to none, including even that of Sydney, after heroic resistance, has fallen to the Japanese, I feel impelled by the report of the late Sir David Owen to make comment on the same subject.\n\n### Conditions in 1924 and 1941\n\nFor many years prior to 1924 commercial interests had been clamouring for developments to meet more adequately and efficiently the needs of the Colony's growing trade. The problem was a difficult and complex one, not only because of the many competing, and in some cases conflicting, interests of peoples of different nationalities, but one further complicated by political considerations, of which—whilst the Government may be fully acquainted—the man interested in his own commercial business may be quite unaware. The following remarks will serve to illustrate this point: \n\nI am fully acquainted with the fact that economic and political conditions in 1941 were vastly changed from those obtaining during a year or two prior to 1924, the peak year of the Colony's prosperity. Advisedly, I use the word \"prosperity\" for, coincident with a record return in 1924 of shipping and goods tonnage entering and leaving the Port, there was a tremendous boom in land values; and why? Because China, even at that late date, was still undergoing the process of regeneration caused by the overthrow of the Manchu regime in 1911 and, in consequence, internecine strife was rampant throughout the whole country. Coincident with these unfortunate conditions, foreign political intrigue was active, particularly in South China—exploiting China in its unfortunate state, but really directed against British interests in the Far East. That was during the presidency of the late Dr. Sun Yat Sen—but I must not dilate further on this theme, otherwise the Censor will intervene. Enquirers may well say: What has all this to do with engineering matters? Much; for the result was a great increase in the Colony's population seeking safety and security, many of whom would elect to remain permanently. There was such a flow of money into the Colony that the banks almost refused to accept it and when they did so, they paid little or no interest for it placed on deposit account. The result was a boom in land values, which, together with the increased population, affected very much the question of reclamation work and the provision of all public services, including such work connected with harbour development as ferry piers. It, therefore, behoved anyone dealing with the subject under review to give much consideration to the possible effect of political influences which may affect the problem. Fortunately, as it happens, I did so in 1924, for, as events subsequently proved, political influences had repercussions of a very unfortunate character in regard to the trade of the Port. I can now admit publicly that in 1924 I had secret information from Chinese sources—which proved to be well founded—that a General Strike or boycott was planned for 1925, and, unfortunately for Hong Kong, it so happened. It was cunningly planned to take place just before Settlement Day in June of that year. Shipping was held up and commercial operations were not merely incommoded, but for some time practically suspended. Then the Colony received a setback, from which cause, followed by world-wide depression, the trade of the Colony has never recovered. In point of fact, it has gone from bad to worse. Hence the reason why in 1924—to quote Professor Middleton Smith, M.Sc., M.I.Mech.E. (Taikoo Professor of Engineering in the University of Hong Kong—now retired) who, in his article which appeared in the December, 1936 issue of **The Dock and Harbour Authority**, aptly and correctly interprets my advice—I advised the Government to \"hurry slowly\" with works recommended by me for the physical development of the harbour. Nevertheless, I have great hopes for the future prosperity of Hong Kong. Given permanent peace and more equitable conditions of life, the problem under review—expurgated of such unfortunate political influences and provided goodwill and mutual trust exist between all concerned—will then be resolved into the simple one of control, economics and, so far as engineers are probably more interested, Physical Development. I agree with Professor Middleton Smith that \"whatever the political future of Hong Kong may be, its geographical position and its wonderful harbour give it an almost unchallengeable future as the most important port in South China.\" Mr. Churchill in his address to both Houses of the Canadian Parliament on 30th December last, goes even farther when he describes it as \"the greatest port of shipping in the whole world.\" It must and will always remain, at least, one of the largest ports in the world. We do not know what conditions exist in Hong Kong to-day. Even if we did, it would not avail us one iota for, if the Japanese should adopt the scorched-earth policy before they are driven out of Hong Kong, the whole matter, as your editorial comment says, may well call for fresh consideration at the close of hostilities and so, at the present time \"the various proposals have little more than academic significance.\"\n\n### The Report of 1924\n\nI was unaware of the report presented by the late Sir David Owen last year. That report I have now read with much interest, but before proceeding to express my opinions on his recommendations for administrative control and physical development, I must make an assumption and acquaint your readers with my recommendations in 1924, so that fair comparison may be made. There can then be frank and open discussion on the subject.\n\nI cannot imagine for one moment that the Government would withhold from Sir David Owen any reports and recorded information in its possession, relevant to the subject on which his advice was sought, so I am going to assume that he received a copy of the report which I presented to the Government in 1924.\n\nOne naturally refrains from drawing attention to any eulogistic comment on, or criticism of one's own work, but, having regard to the fact that no reference whatsoever has been made to that report, which, if I may say so, was comprehensive, based on years of experience in Hong Kong, intensive study, and exhaustive research, I may perhaps be pardoned, if, under the circumstances, I first refer to one or two press comments on it.\n\nOn December 30th, 1924, editorial comment—all much on the same lines—was made in: **The China Mail**, Hong Kong; **The Hong Kong Daily Press**; and **The Hong Kong Telegraph**; and at later dates in other newspapers in the Far East and elsewhere. This is what **The China Mail** said:—\n\n\"Historic is the only term that can describe the report presented by the Colony's Port Engineer, Mr. John Duncan, M.Inst.C.E., on the commercial development of our harbour. For historic it is in many ways. The Colonial Secretary said yesterday that a more interesting and important document has seldom been laid before the Council. Sir Claude Severn could have gone further without overstating the case. He could safely have said that the report may prove the most important document in the Colony's history, for, upon the commercial development of the harbour, as everyone knows, depends the future prosperity of the whole Colony. Other harbour reports there have been in the past, but they have all been so much tinkering with the problem. Even the late Sir Maurice Fitzmaurice dealt with only one aspect of the matter—the providing of wharves to meet Kowloon's future needs as a railway terminus—which Mr. John Duncan's report, if it does not say so in as many words, shows to be the wrong angle from which to approach the problem, looking to the fact that the through railway from the North is not likely to be completed for many years and anyway the bulk of the colony's trade will always be waterborne.\"\n\nIn all fairness to the late Sir Maurice Fitzmaurice and his firm, then Messrs. Coode, Fitzmaurice, Wilson and Mitchell, Consulting Engineers to the Crown Agents for the Colonies, I would here interpolate that the matters on which his firm's advice was sought in 1920 were:—\n| Matter | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | Improvements of the harbour generally. |\n| 2 | The provision of wharves and warehouses provided with railway communication. |\n| 3 | Improvement of the Mongkoktsui Harbour of Refuge. |\n| 4 | The question of dredging plant generally; the refitting of the dredger `St. Enoch` being considered in this connection. |\n| 5 | The best means of providing facilities opposite Statue Square for landing from, or embarking on launches and small craft generally. |\n\nThe consulting engineers adhered strictly to the terms of reference, which did not require them to deal with anything but engineering issues. In consequence, their report practically resolved itself into one dealing with the provision of wharfage, by the construction in the bight of Hung Hom Bay of a reclamation of 48 acres from which were to project in a southerly direction a series of six jetties.\n\nIn the April and May, 1926, issues of **The Dock and Harbour Authority** a succinct resume of my report was presented for the information of your readers and in your editorial of the latter issue you refer to it as:—\n\n\"...a very lengthy document embodying the result of a great deal of painstaking research and containing a considerable amount of valuable information on all phases of the problem...\"\n\nIt will perhaps be conceded that at least in some quarters, the information contained in that report was considered of some value. But, if Sir David Owen considered it of little or no value, I submit that he would have added more to the solution of the problem by adverse criticism, rather than by eschewing all reference to it. In point of fact, he almost denies its existence, for, does he not say in paragraph 68:—\n\n\"It may further be noted that there does not seem to have been much in the nature of planning for the future development of the Port...\"\n\nThat statement is quite incorrect, for, apart altogether from the plans prepared by my staff on my instructions, I might here ask: What about—\n| Plan | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | The plans of Jetties and Reclamation at Hung Hom Bay and of extensions to Mongkoktsui Breakwater prepared by Messrs. Coode and Co. |\n| 2 | Plans of Wet Dock at Kowloon Point proposed by Captain W. Davidson, marine superintendent of the Canadian Pacific Railway Co. |\n| 3 | Plans for Wharfage and Reclamation at North Point recommended by the late Mr. T. L. Perkins, C.M.G., Director of Public Works. |\n| 4 | Plans of a Passenger Depôt at Victoria, proposed by Mr. Robert Sutherland, M.B.E., o/c Shipping Department of Messrs. Jardine, Matheson and Co.; and |\n| 5 | Plans for the Development of the Harbour Front in General, recommended by The Hong Kong Town Planning Committee. |\n\nI do, however, agree with Sir David Owen that there has been no officially adopted plan of development.\n\nI trust your readers will not interpret any criticism I have to make as being made in any captious or cavilling spirit, for such is far from my mind. I had a great interest in the development of the harbour of Hong Kong. If in any way I can assist towards the most satisfactory solution of the difficult problem under review, then I shall feel happy in having accomplished something. One regret we all have, is that Sir David Owen has passed away; and so we shall not have the benefit of such reply as he may have felt disposed to make on any of the conflicting opinions which, apparently, have been already expressed on his report.\n\nWhereas the Government's instructions to me in 1924 were limited:—\n\n\"to prepare and submit for the consideration of the Government a complete scheme for the Development of the Port.\"\n\nI note that the terms of reference given to Sir David Owen were extremely wide; even to the extent of taking into account political conditions at a time when the Colony was threatened with war.\n\nNevertheless, and fortunately as it happens, I considered it my bounden duty to take into consideration all influences: political, economic, or physical, which, in my opinion, had any bearing whatsoever on the question of the future control and development of the Port.\n\n### Proposed Port Administration\n\nFor the information of your readers I would now draw their attention to the \"Policy, Control, Management and Administration\" which I recommended should be adopted by the Government.\n\n\"...In my opinion, a properly-constituted Advisory Port Authority, Board, or Impartial Tribunal is the first need.\" (May I here draw attention to a printer's error in Professor Middleton Smith's article wherein he states that I was emphatic...)\n\nPage 70\nPage 71",
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        "id": 574793,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-590-11 Commission of Enquiry into irregularities in Immigration Departments 22-4-1941 - 19-12-1941",
        "page_number": 243,
        "title": "CO129-590-11 Commission of Enquiry into irregularities in Immigration Departments 22-4-1941 - 19-12-1941",
        "content_text": "## MR. WALTER HANDING CHEN, B.I.C.\n\n-21- \n\n246 \n\nI have been Assistant Immigration Officer since January 2, 1941, prior to which time I was for many years a member of the editorial staff of the North-China Daily News in Shanghai. Following my arrival in Hong Kong, I was appointed Associate Editor, and later Editor, of the Hong Kong Daily Press. Concurrently, I was Editor of the Far Eastern Journal, a monthly publication, which I gave up at the end of last year to join the Immigration Office.\n\nI did not realize, until I had actually joined the service and taken up duty, the importance of the Immigration Officer's task, but, when I joined him, I immediately found that he was faced with difficulties of many kinds, principal among which were - To cope with the pressing work; for I hold the view that enforcement of the Ordinance for Immigration Control was somewhat premature and should have been postponed for an extra month or two at least after January 14, when it was actually put into operation (the work was especially pressing with the approach of the Chinese New Year); and to preserve order among the dense crowds which were exceptionally noisy.\n\nThe space and furniture allotted to us were totally inadequate and the staff was far too small to enable the Immigration Officer to carry on his gigantic task with efficiency. For weeks we were packed together like sardines and there was hardly any space in which we could move about freely. The Commission visited the Immigration Office on March 12, and it was my privilege to show you about. The Commission saw the small space allotted to us before and after the passports and accounts departments and the security deposit refunding section were moved from Marine House to the Central Branch in Queen's building. The Commission saw the small space outside the counter, 31ft. by 11ft. less approximately 18 in. for stool space, which had been set aside for the general public. In the Immigration Officer's \"private office\", 19ft. by 24ft., on many days prior to your visit, as many as 32 persons could be found herded together working. At the same time the wash room attached to the Immigration Officer's office was sometimes used as working space. The small passage-way behind the counter, in one part 2ft. and in another 3ft. 9in., is not wide enough to permit of two persons passing at the same time without jostling one another or the...",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-608-5 Future policy- port administration 20-3-1948 - 19-10-1948",
        "page_number": 30,
        "title": "CO129-608-5 Future policy- port administration 20-3-1948 - 19-10-1948",
        "content_text": "Ref: 487/8/RD/DA.\n\nP.O.BOX. 369.\n\nHONG KONG.\n\n5th June, 1948.\n\n30\n\nDear Millbourn,\n\n1. Thank you for your letter of 26th May about Despatch No. 59 from the Governor of Hong Kong about the Port Committee. I have discussed this subject from time to time with both officials and businessmen here, and am familiar with the views of both.\n\n2. The unofficial members of the Port Committee have constantly urged that the Chairmanship of the Committee should be elected from amongst the members. Their approach may, I think, be described as follows. They consider that a Committee of this kind, dealing with what is the most important facility in the whole colony, should be presided over by the Colonial Secretary in person. They realise that in practice the Colonial Secretary could not find the time for this additional commitment, and that he would have to depute the task to a subordinate in the Secretariat. They are by no means so keen on having a subordinate as Chairman. Under these circumstances they prefer to have as a Chairman someone who, though not necessarily carrying the same weight in the colony, has a thorough knowledge of the Port. They are quite content with Jolly, the present Director of Marine, as Chairman, because he is scrupulously fair and helpful, although he is not a naturally good Chairman, but they recall that his pre-war predecessor as Harbour Master (as it was then called) was obstructive and difficult, and they do not want the risk, when Jolly leaves, of being faced with a situation where the ex-officio chairman is a man with whom they cannot deal. They are therefore keen on the elective principle as a protection against potential dangers but it may be taken as pretty well certain that for the time being, while Jolly remains Director of Marine, he will be re-elected annually Chairman of the Port Committee. He has been re-elected for this year.\n\n3. Personally I regard this reasoning as sound, and would support the elective principle unless the post were made, as I am inclined to think it should be, an ex-officio function of the Colonial Secretary in person. After all the Port is the Colony; Hong Kong would survive if there were no cotton mills and no social welfare; it would cease to exist, if the Port broke down.\n\nP.E.Millbourn, Esq., Ministry of Transport.\n\nPage 30\nPage 31",
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    {
        "id": 589058,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-608-5 Future policy- port administration 20-3-1948 - 19-10-1948",
        "page_number": 32,
        "title": "CO129-608-5 Future policy- port administration 20-3-1948 - 19-10-1948",
        "content_text": "- 3 -\n\n32\n\nThe Chinese are not, so far as my experience goes, anxious to play a large part in the civil administration of Hong Kong; they are, for instance, unenthusiastic over the projected Municipal Council.\n\nAs regards the representation of labour, the proposal to include Mr. Baker temporarily on the Committee is entirely innocuous, but I wonder whether the Governor's approach to this question is on the right lines. It is not the seamen who should be represented on such a Committee but the much less vocal shore labour. There is actually an altercation in progress at present between the Hong Kong Seamen's Union and the Chinese Seamen's Union, as to their respective rights and privileges in Hong Kong. I do not know much of the pros and cons of this dispute, but I do know that the Companies muddle through the conflicting claims by means of various oriental compromises. I suggest that you invite the Colonial Office to enquire whether representation of shore labour would not only be easier to obtain but also be more consonant with the objectives of a Port Committee. There are almost certain to be shore labourers in Hong Kong (foremen perhaps) who have had sufficient education in English to be able to read and write intelligently.\n\nI have little to say on the subject of the Marine Courts except that the present system appears to work very satisfactorily. The subject is a technical one; the cases are reported daily in the press, and the only public criticism which I have encountered is in connection with inquiries into two recent cases of fires on ships, resulting in one case in heavy loss of life, where the suggestion was made that the conclusions were inconsistent; in both cases the considerations were almost entirely technical, and the enquiries were properly conducted by or under the Director of Marine, who was able to give a convincing reply to the criticisms.\n\nI hope this enables you to reply to the Colonial Office. My next report is intended to deal with Hong Kong, and I may revert in it to some of these questions in a different form.\n\nYours sincerely,\n\n(signed) D. F. ALLEN.\n\nU.K. Shipping Rep. for Far East.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-608-5 Future policy- port administration 20-3-1948 - 19-10-1948.txt",
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    {
        "id": 589165,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941",
        "page_number": 89,
        "title": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941",
        "content_text": "(c) To regulate from time to time the wharfage and other charges for all publicly operated piers and other berthage.\n\n(d) To be responsible for any dredging and deepening as may be necessary, of the harbour, fairways and approach channels.\n\n(e) To be responsible for the provision and maintenance of harbour moorings, navigational aids and the regulation of anchorages.\n\n(f) To advise on all matters affecting the regulation of the port such as labour, conditions of employment, the acquisition of land for the expansion and development of the business of the port, sanitary regulations, etc. etc.\n\n(g) The regulation of ferry services,\n\n(h) The making of surveys and taking of soundings in the harbour, fairways and approach channels.\n\n(i) The raising and removal of wrecks.\n\nIn any case I am strongly of the opinion that there should be a permanent link between the \"Directing Body\" and the Governor-in-Council. This officer should be independent of any control by either a Trust or a Commission and, in addition to being Head of a \"Marine Department\" (as outlined in paragraphs 2 and 3), he would be in a position to advise Government on any points which may be referred to it from the \"Directing Body\". If it is thought advisable he could undertake similar duties with respect to the Airport, for it must be remembered that Hong Kong will undoubtedly have problems of an international nature which would require co-ordination with the Board of Trade and Air Ministry in the United Kingdom and similar authorities in other countries. I would suggest such an officer be designated Secretary for Marine and Air.\n\nN.B. The Harbour Master, as such, has very limited duties in a port such as Hong Kong and the \"Directing Body\" would have no difficulty in obtaining an officer capable of meeting their requirements for something like £700 per annum. In fact, the present Chief Boarding Officer could well function as Harbour Master.\n\nPART IV\n\nSUGGESTED COURSE OF ACTION\n\n1. (1) (a) Shipping will be controlled for some time after the cessation of hostilities and that period will probably be unsuitable for any radical changes in the type of administration.\n\n(b) Before we set up any autonomous body having a mandate to proceed with the development of the port in the form of new works, we should wait indications of their justification.\n\n(2) I suggest our policy should tend towards a responsible directing body where port affairs are concerned, but I advocate progressive stages:",
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    {
        "id": 589169,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941",
        "page_number": 93,
        "title": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941",
        "content_text": "99\n\n4.\n\nThe Commission as outlined will consist of five Official and five Unofficial Commissioners with the Director of Marine as Chairman, viz:\n\nChairman of the Urban Council\n\nManager of the Railway\n\nDeputy Director of the Health Services\n\nLabour Officer\n\nPort Engineer\n\nA Representative of Messrs. Jardine, Matheson & Co. Ltd.\n\nA Representative of Messrs. Butterfield & Swire & Co. Ltd.\n\nMr. S. T. Williamson, representing Williamson & Co., and Douglas Lapraik & Co.\n\nA Nominee of the British Chamber of Commerce\n\nA Nominee of the Chinese Chamber of Commerce\n\n(See Note (b).)\n\nThe representative of Messrs. Jardine Matheson & Co. Ltd., to represent Shipping, Importing and Exporting interests together with the Hong Kong & Kowloon Wharf & Godown Co. Ltd.,\n\nThe representative of Messrs. Butterfield & Swire & Co. Ltd. to represent Shipping, Importing and Exporting interests, the Taikoo Dock & Engineering Co. Ltd., and other properties and facilities for which they are managers.\n\nMr. S. T. Williamson to represent other local Shipping, docking and repair interests,\n\nThe two nominees of the respective Chambers of Commerce should not in any way be connected with any business undertaking either controlled or directed by any one of the companies, or associated companies, in which any one of the three above-mentioned Commissioners hold executive office.\n\n5. During the interim period the primary duty of the Commission will be to implement the orders and requirements of the Forces for it is considered that those with experience of the port and its possibilities are best suited to operate existing facilities to maximum capacity and at the same time to effect such temporary measures as are estimated to meet current demands.\n\n(See Note (a))\n\n6. As the work of rehabilitation proceeds, the Commission will operate and control the following port functions:\n\n(a) The making of surveys and taking of soundings in the fairways and approach channels.\n\n(b) The removal of all obstructions to navigation where that is possible.\n\n(c) The provision and upkeep of mooring buoys and all navigational aids.\n\n(d) The regulation of ferry services.\n\n(e) The control of port labour and the supervision of conditions of employment.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 589251,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941",
        "page_number": 175,
        "title": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941",
        "content_text": "190\n\nthe I suggest that the post should be advertised in Hong Kong, United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, South Africa and India. The post should carry annual increments covering a period of ten years and should also carry a provident fund in lieu of pension. If you want to in these days of air transport it would not be difficult to bring a particular candidate to Hong Kong for an interview, though personally I think such interviews are a waste of money and time. I should suggest a three or six months' probationary period with the probationer in full control of his job. I do not consider that previous port experience is essential in fact I believe that too much technical knowledge in his job will be undesirable. He requires experience of administration and a general business knowledge of accountancy.\n\nThis system that I have sketched should ensure cohesion with all concerned in port matters if it is allowed to work freely and unhampered. For example in Hong Kong it is necessary for vessels discharging at a quay wall to lie off about ten feet and sometimes more in low water. I assumed that this was due to a lack of dredging during the war years, but I now find that the main reason is owing to the design of the quay walls which appear to be the same throughout the Colony. They are designed entirely as retaining walls for reclamation and no doubt excellent for that purpose but entirely unsuitable for cargo handling unless you provide shore cranes they are not even suitable for ships' derricks. I am sure that with a Port Administration and a Port Engineering Department working together something far more suitable would evolve deeper foundations or a projecting top hamper.\n\nApart from general routine work the Port Director and his staff will be fully occupied with long-term policies for improving the facilities for transhipment and the general entrepot cargo - for the coastal and river craft and for the junk traffic. There are many schemes for the Connaught Road, but whatever is decided you must have a permanent responsible staff to see it through and not a Committee without responsibility which will change its personnel constantly.\n\nAnd there is also the Kowloon side which is seldom discussed from this point of view because the Yaumati Typhoon Shelter has a magnificent sea wall which is all that most Hong Kong Europeans ever see of it. You cannot appreciate it in a launch or in a car. You must walk as I have done during the last month along the Canton Road and every quarter of a mile you can walk up a dead end about a quarter of a mile long and at each end you will find a short broken down jetty. Then the water is low even the sampans cannot approach the jetty unless they get out and push their boat over the black, stinking slime. I doubt if there is anywhere in the world to equal the squalor of the Yaumati Typhoon Shelter. I suggest that it is the result of the lack of co-operation and is entirely unnecessary. No doubt the original planning was made by the engineers and it was probably originally an excellent plan. When finished the Land Officer took control, who in accordance with his duties proceeded to cover the cost to the best advantage financially for the Government. Government Marine Department are mainly interested in safety for shipping as a Typhoon Shelter and incidentally in access to the Government slipway at the extreme south point.\n\nThe remedy is obvious and not difficult but it will take a strong and energetic man to see it right through over a period of years, and I think he will be handicapped and not helped by an ever-changing irresponsible Committee. There must be a broad quay right round the full extent of the Yaumati Typhoon Shelter, which I expect would be there today if there had been one authoritative body in control beautifully designed and broad granite pier heads indicate this: they are used occasionally for mending nets and sails.\n\nthe \n\ntoday \n\nTh",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 593512,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-615-4 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 30-1-1948 - 12-1-1949",
        "page_number": 4,
        "title": "CO129-615-4 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 30-1-1948 - 12-1-1949",
        "content_text": "## tomskog. Savy. 1.641 - (1) amass.\n\nKong - 1  \n3 v JUN 1948  \nDry, a `50126/6/45` 6. You  \ntel. 487.  \n20-5-48  \nAft...  \n7. You.  \ntel. 589  \n25-5-48F  \n8 mp2pt. 9. Gov.  \n- `C.D.S. 13001`  \n12-7-4F  \ntel. 543 Sen  \n11-8-48.  \nIm to `54126/6/48`  \n10.  \n11. D. Haigh (M/Ipt).  \n12 M/THE..  \nDoop. 31 Sec  \n12-8-48.  \nUndated.  \nC.).`S.13001`  \n27-10-48  \n\n1. I am sorry this case has held the bottom of the pile for so long.\n\n2. Mr. Hampden of the Ministry of Transport, who signed (8) and (12), is an Assistant Secretary and I suggest that in all circumstances and in view of the action proposed our best course is a s.o. approach from Mr. Sidebotham as in draft.\n\n3. The case has considerable complications and has been made more difficult to understand because of the inadequacy of the information received from Hong Kong, but the draft is, I think, self-explanatory and there is no point in repeating in minutes what there appears.\n\n4. So far as the Ministry of Transport claim is concerned it would seem from the last paragraph of (9) that the Governor would be quite happy to accept the valuation made by the Director of Marine i.e. £143,950 or £199,175 as the case may be - see paragraph 3 of draft. There has been no suggestion that the Ministry of Transport expect more than this, so perhaps not much negotiation is required on this claim. But the Admiralty and War Office claims for £180,850 and £52,400 respectively are another matter on which we have no information at all. It is extraordinary that Hong Kong should never have mentioned these to us when, as the Ministry of Transport tell us, the Director of Marine put in these claims at the same time as he put in the Ministry of Transport claim. As the Governor points out both in (1) and in (9), the Director of Marine is Agent in Hong Kong for the Ministry of Transport for certain purposes - for the origin of this arrangement see enclosures to (1) and (2) on the `1946/47` file.\n\n5.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-615-4 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 30-1-1948 - 12-1-1949.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 593516,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-615-4 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 30-1-1948 - 12-1-1949",
        "page_number": 8,
        "title": "CO129-615-4 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 30-1-1948 - 12-1-1949",
        "content_text": "# \n\nThe Ministry of Transport's source of information is the reports of the Director of Marine, Hong Kong. It is pretty obvious therefore that the Hong Kong Government knows all about them and has been disingenuous. We do not want to involve Hong Kong in expenditure for craft about which no-one has raised any claim, but neither the Ministry of Transport nor we, having this information about Admiralty craft, can just say nothing about it.\n\nAs regards the Ministry of Transport claim, Mr. Jones said that his Ministry would be prepared to consider any arguments we wish to put forward in favour of a reduction of the amount and he left the impression that we should probably succeed in getting some reduction.\n\n## \n\n3. In discussion later with Mr. Palmer it was thought that, when we have the fuller information we are now asking for, we might well consider an approach to the Treasury asking for the claims (Ministry of Transport, Admiralty and all) to be entirely waived. This would of course be easier if we were able to adduce any reason for belief that the craft shown in categories (a) or (b) or even perhaps (c) of paragraph 2 of draft A, and did not fall, as seems unfortunately probable, in category (a). But even if it can be indisputably shown that they fall in category (d) (and it is by no means certain that this will be so), it still might be possible to persuade the Treasury to forego the price on general grounds - e.g. that we are not asking for money to be paid out, that the early rehabilitation of the Colony, which demanded small craft, was in the ultimate interest of the United Kingdom, that it is a long time since these craft were handed over, that if the Hong Kong Government had not taken them their disposal on the other side of the world might have offered considerable difficulties and that, as regards the Admiralty craft, they seem to have been written off anyway.\n\nThe vaguer we can leave the origins of the craft the better chance we should have to persuade the Treasury, but if we had not done what we could to establish the facts of this matter the Treasury would certainly want to know why not, so we might as well do it now.\n\n4. The fact that we have in mind an approach to the Treasury is of course an added reason why we cannot allow the possible Admiralty claims to lie unexamined, since any approach to the Treasury would obviously bring them to light.\n\n5. One would like to tell Hong Kong what one has in mind, so as to explain our unseemly curiosity about the Admiralty craft, but it would not do to raise hopes which may be dashed, so we had better say nothing.\n\n6. Mr. Jones agreed that there is no point in bringing in the Admiralty (still less the War Office) at this stage and Mr. Palmer thought it possible that it might never be necessary for us to bring them in, since he thought it might be that United Kingdom Service Departments are no longer interested in recoveries of this nature from Colonial Governments.\n\n## \n\nOn the scanty information available, it appears that these vessels are in the category of Stores for which the Govt should pay. There is however a possibility that they may come within Category (d) of the drafts, i.e., a cash adjustment respect of which no cash is required.\n\nWe are hoping that we shall eventually go to the Treasury and it may be that we shall be required to argue this subject, and in view of No. 15, I think we should let Treasury know the present position. Mr. Wallace agrees with both drafts.\n\nPage 9\n\n## \n\nJones M.O.T. We soft pe T-concurrence \n\nPage 10 \n\n23.12.48\n\nSpoken to A. J. James. He is writing. Meanwhile he agrees subject to substitution of 1 word of the Ministry of Transport in lines & wine 7 Apr. I'gem \"There\" for \"townds\".\n\nIt will be necessary later to inform the Admiralty.\n\n13/1 Isome s'gram. 19 to Hong Kong. Savy 1035 - (9)ansit. 1 Green 11/1 at me. Cons. 13 JAN 1949\n\n20 Jones M.O.T. H Russell - Edmonds Irsy ymerę stamp 13.1.49\n\nPage 10\nPage 11",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-615-4 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 30-1-1948 - 12-1-1949.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 593543,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-615-4 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 30-1-1948 - 12-1-1949",
        "page_number": 37,
        "title": "CO129-615-4 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 30-1-1948 - 12-1-1949",
        "content_text": "## SAVINGRAM\n**To the Secretary of State for the Colonies.**\n\nFrom the Governor, Hong Kong.\n\n11th August 1948.\n\nDate 11th  \nNo. SH3.  \nAnswer (19)9.37(5)  \n1948. June\n\nYour savingram No. 641 of the 30th January (i.e., in list (1)) re Harbour Craft.\n\n1. I should be most grateful for your assistance in negotiating with the Ministry of Transport on this matter.\n\n2. The grounds for an approach to the Ministry are set forth in my despatch No. 19 of the 30th January, 1948, and to them I can only add that it is proving increasingly difficult to obtain spares for many of these craft, and that the cost of maintenance of those which are being retained in service is a heavy drain.\n\n3. I trust that it may be found possible for the payment to be scaled down to a figure which accords more with actual value than with a general formula. Such a figure, and it is believed to be a generous one, has been given by the Director of Marine who, as you are aware, is the honorary agent for the Ministry of Transport.\n\n**RECEIVED**  \n17 AUG 1948  \nO.O. REGY.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-615-4 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 30-1-1948 - 12-1-1949.txt",
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    {
        "id": 594775,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946",
        "page_number": 45,
        "title": "CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946",
        "content_text": "I suggest that the post should be advertised in Hong Kong, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, South Africa and India. The post should carry annual increments covering a period of ten years and should also carry a provident fund in lieu of pension. If you want to, in these days of air transport, it would not be difficult to bring a particular candidate to Hong Kong for an interview, though personally I think such interviews are a waste of money and time. I should suggest a three or six months' probationary period with the probationer in full control of his job. I do not consider that previous port experience is essential; in fact, I believe that too much technical knowledge in his job will be undesirable. He requires experience of administration and a general business knowledge of accountancy.\n\nThis system that I have sketched should ensure cohesion with all concerned in port matters if it is allowed to work freely and unhampered. For example, in Hong Kong, it is necessary for vessels discharging at a quay wall to lie off about ten feet and sometimes more in low water. I assumed that this was due to a lack of dredging during the war years, but I now find that the main reason is owing to the design of the quay walls, which appear to be the same throughout the Colony. They are designed entirely as retaining walls for reclamation and no doubt excellent for that purpose, but entirely unsuitable for cargo handling; unless you provide shore cranes, they are not even suitable for ships' derricks. I am sure that with a Port Administration and a Port Engineering Department working together, something far more suitable would evolve - deeper foundations or a projecting top hamper.\n\nApart from general routine work, the Port Director and his staff will be fully occupied with long-term policies for improving the facilities for transhipment and the general entrepot cargo for the coastal and river craft and for the junk traffic. There are many schemes for the Connaught Road, but whatever is decided, you must have a permanent responsible staff to see it through and not a Committee without responsibility, which will change its personnel constantly.\n\nAnd there is also the Kowloon side, which is seldom discussed from this point of view because the Yaumati Typhoon Shelter has a magnificent sea wall, which is all that most Hong Kong Europeans ever see of it. You cannot appreciate it in a launch or in a car. You must walk, as I have done during the last month, along the Canton Road, and every quarter of a mile you can walk up a dead end about a quarter of a mile long, and at each end you will find a short, broken-down jetty. When the water is low, even the sampans cannot approach the jetty unless they get out and push their boat over the black, stinking slime. I doubt if there is anywhere in the world to equal the squalor of the Yaumati Typhoon Shelter.\n\nI suggest that it is the result of the lack of co-operation and is entirely unnecessary. No doubt the original planning was made by the engineers, and it was probably originally an excellent plan. When finished, the Land Officer took control, who, in accordance with his duties, proceeded to cover the cost to the best advantage financially for the Government. Government Marine Department are mainly interested in safety for shipping as a Typhoon Shelter and incidentally in access to the Government slipway at the extreme south point.\n\nThe remedy is obvious and not difficult, but it will take a strong and energetic man to see it right through over a period of years, and I think he will be handicapped and not helped by an ever-changing, irresponsible Committee. There must be a broad quay right round the full extent of the Yaumati Typhoon Shelter, which I expect would be there today if there had been one authoritative body in control; beautifully designed and broad granite pier heads indicate this: they are used occasionally for mending nets and sails.\n\n45",
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    {
        "id": 594860,
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        "document_key": "CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946",
        "page_number": 130,
        "title": "CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946",
        "content_text": "## PART III (continued)\n\n(c) To regulate from time to time the wharfage and other charges for all publicly operated piers and other berthage.\n\n(a) To be responsible for any dredging and deepening as may be necessary, of the harbour, fairways and approach channels.\n\n(e) To be responsible for the provision and maintenance of harbour moorings, navigational aids and the regulation of anchorages.\n\n(f) To advise on all matters affecting the regulation of the port such as labour, conditions of employment, the acquisition of land for the expansion and development of the business of the port, sanitary regulations, etc. etc.\n\n(g) The regulation of ferry services,\n\n(h) The making of surveys and taking of soundings in the harbour, fairways and approach channels.\n\n(i) The raising and removal of wrecks.\n\nIn any case, I am strongly of the opinion that there should be a permanent link between the \"Directing Body\" and the Governor-in-Council. This officer should be independent of any control by either a Trust or a Commission and, in addition to being Head of a \"Marine Department\" (as outlined in paragraphs 2 and 3), he would be in a position to advise Government on any points which may be referred to it from the \"Directing Body\". If it is thought advisable, he could undertake similar duties with respect to the Airport, for it must be remembered that Hong Kong will undoubtedly have problems of an international nature which would require co-ordination with the Board of Trade and Air Ministry in the United Kingdom and similar authorities in other countries. I would suggest such an officer be designated Secretary for Marine and Air.\n\nN.B.\n\nThe Harbour Master, as such, has very limited duties in a port such as Hong Kong and the \"Directing Body\" would have no difficulty in obtaining an officer capable of meeting their requirements for something like £700 per annum. In fact, the present Chief Boarding Officer could well function as Harbour Master.\n\n## PART IV\n### SUGGESTED COURSE OF ACTION\n\n1. (1) (a) Shipping will be controlled for some time after the cessation of hostilities and that period will probably be unsuitable for any radical changes in the type of administration.\n\n(b) Before we set up any autonomous body having a mandate to proceed with the development of the port in the form of new works, we should wait indications of their justification.\n\n(2) I suggest our policy should tend towards a responsible directing body where port affairs are concerned, but I advocate progressive stages:\n\nPage 130\nPage 131",
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    {
        "id": 594864,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946",
        "page_number": 134,
        "title": "CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946",
        "content_text": "## 4. \n\nThe Commission as outlined will consist of five Official and five Unofficial Commissioners with the Director of Marine as Chairman, viz:\n\n| Position | Name/Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Chairman | Director of Marine |\n| Official Commissioners | Chairman of the Urban Council |\n|  | Manager of the Railway |\n|  | Deputy Director of the Health Services |\n|  | Labour Officer |\n|  | Port Engineer |\n| Unofficial Commissioners | A Representative of Messrs. Jardine, Matheson & Co. Ltd. |\n|  | A Representative of Messrs. Butterfield & Swire & Co. Ltd. |\n|  | Mr. S. T. Williamson, representing Williamson & Co., and Douglas Lapraik & Co. |\n|  | A Nominee of the British Chamber of Commerce |\n|  | A Nominee of the Chinese Chamber of Commerce |\n\n(See Note (b).)\n\nThe representative of Messrs. Jardine Matheson & Co. Ltd., to represent Shipping, Importing and Exporting interests together with the Hong Kong & Kowloon Wharf & Godown Co. Ltd.\n\nThe representative of Messrs. Butterfield & Swire & Co. Ltd. to represent Shipping, Importing and Exporting interests, the Taikoo Dock & Engineering Co. Ltd., and other properties and facilities for which they are managers.\n\nMr. S. T. Williamson to represent other local Shipping, docking and repair interests.\n\nThe two nominees of the respective Chambers of Commerce should not in any way be connected with any business undertaking either controlled or directed by any one of the companies, or associated companies, in which any one of the three above-mentioned Commissioners hold executive office.\n\n## 5. \nDuring the interim period the primary duty of the Commission will be to implement the orders and requirements of the Forces for it is considered that those with experience of the port and its possibilities are best suited to operate existing facilities to maximum capacity and at the same time to effect such temporary measures as are estimated to meet current demands. (See Note (e).)\n\n## 6. \nAs the work of rehabilitation proceeds, the Commission will operate and control the following port functions:\n\n| Function |\n| --- |\n| (a) The making of surveys and taking of soundings in the fairways and approach channels. |\n| (b) The removal of all obstructions to navigation where that is possible. |\n| (c) The provision and upkeep of mooring buoys and all navigational aids. |\n| (d) |\n| (e) The regulation of ferry services. |\n|  The control of port labour and the supervision of conditions of employment. |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946.txt",
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