[
    {
        "id": 216563,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843",
        "page_number": 47,
        "title": "CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843",
        "content_text": "\nof the \n\nwhen pressed was formed \n\nto be in this subgiat of anting of Chomcials Boity, to save it. Jaim the bes \n\nla \n\nthe horns of wom \n\ntohria, the m \n\nGeneral \n\nGuest calls & wind, is \n\nsanta from the humble country tens of the sands oft, a arel is Taises of bison County \n\nconcral, to ¿téries mir \n\nFather In then of his own people : \n\nany way infringe \n\nnt on \n\nthis other \n\nLove \n\nwhat then means the ranson for restemption) & poten of \n\nto be commen hat within \n\nبسیج \n\n& quite \n\nas it shouts be \n\nthe station at Expensitive, there \n\nPrsians for the stabinal \n\nnual calls, the \n\nm \n\nA \n\nsupplies in the. Featuais a \n\nUpanaries, Lane all a fired appropriation \n\nた \n\nRegens \n\ncommerical interamer, le fears that in four suits; \n\nthe lotter will suffer de briment little be the profit of \n\nthis Honable Commitiz., \n\nThe two affians Chin and Chang. \n\nLove \n\nthe refly of thirt \n\n& peaks of the \n\n2. Costant returver to Hawking, bringing the Annalle. Plenipotentiary, in here in the fully \n\nEly & packs, suiseriesofian. the busting as an to ges of Prase bring constant thought; and of his sincere disue to subject of his constant thought \n\nof tione, selring, \n\nthe formount itablishment of Peace \n\nfor \n\n#1.. \n\nMy fir \n\nAn con the pervants \n\nGor \n\naus du lipats of the Enown transfore thene pute other chanse \n\nsmallest fraction tienes them in this ancouver to usat \n\nBall wither and with it these plan mime divising. \n\nof them now this is well kn \n\nthe Honalli Commaversinltist to e, in this \n\nopen his ; com side, not with hot the Ruclamation of the Bennabl \n\nt from Rocking sfoods of this redbry \n\npout \n\nSwetry, sout \n\nval of \n\nThe Menipotenti different, \n\nthe Empore to grant full por \n\nthat is \n\ncret and \n\nto \n\nfim this with one of his servants; be negotiate and that in the prin= \n\narrange affairs. Plus it \n\nit may \n\n:ciples of Celestial. Reason and human Feelings \n\nHive \n\nwith \n\nChina, differ not \n\ndress of pissanc \n\n✓ bend. \n\nand \n\nRecons as though \n\nthe Annalle Commanders is \n\nVerint languorges, as \n\nto gather \n\nby \n\nK \n\n& they \n\nmit has finden \n\nnt \n\ngrut \n\nthe \n\nFirmary \n\nt lo \n\nکی الاسم \n\nof the Innobletonaty for providing the prone \n\nact the ampliquent of the Sobotez, the Inverne \n\nGourval has \n\nhindelf fully, but \n\nthe Health Cen \n\nable to ans auses in this set. \n\nting might upon the brittany \n\n... \n\nto \n\nof expenditure, and \n\nHaurrable Plenipotentiary Laying wright on timmer: \n\nThe Imperial Commours have \n\nPom pozn \n\nwithout the hours of \n\nliven plamity. \n\nVately \n\nthere: offions Minisalves \n\nMing it to Thiging. High Commisarimer \n\ntrnal of Cailer and to diesen, selebze Meinerten \n\nSintimant Emeral. at Chafer to arrange \n\nouroly \n\nwill. Bure \n\nby \n\nfilings. \n\naffairs. \n\nunications in \n\nSpon this moment theses \n\nbe brought \n\nght with \n\ntual explanaten, and if only it \n\ndeath of with an \n\nر \n\nnight the linge \n\nLu Lu \n\nthis subject. \n\nto \n\nmy again, by \n\nanged, \n\no \n\n·22 r. ch \n\nBa. \n\nhand the fansites of reason to enabe, both ball be profites, and \n\nweither suffer mipiry. \n\nHow shall he bar Canter \n\ndbike ofther past two or three \n\nstrike \n\nperpotial peans \n\nhis cast aside, and a \n\nExxt \n\nSz \n\nt be establish. & for \n\n=",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843.txt",
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        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 229567,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-031 - Public Offices - 1849",
        "page_number": 67,
        "title": "CO129-031 - Public Offices - 1849",
        "content_text": "34\n\nOberland China Mail.\n\nYu Heica ship lontana was lurted, and driven ship Frebella Holtron was driven under the bows, in alcat two freers.\n\nto 24 Jch's Idal, aut eary all since 2 a lingkung by ring forest Ferr\n\n[No. 9, StarEBek 23, 1848.\n\nNo. 9, SurreMBER 28, 1848.]\n\nThe big neder was disrated at Miccha: Not having abserved dus dey could not long bold Maniamen adition, appearet the Cen the confidence of perse! security. Teol firogduet bis progress & perpetual care of\n\n1LENGE into its harur, ita pur! of 3: Derga\n\nange: 100 dièste fear: to be paid by\n\nAfter this no tidingen were v'y it coul what is Excellogg hoe vot biomela son when soiling bad con spred that would is the unanf the Fugle, crying away her bows and land om met de atentoon of the 24 instreated, peerde aru now more disposed to appere-tead to aut to their splendour, only seen to have\n\nCapa ett of the inter vessel wlion Acting Sergeant 8, are rander by foorest, fria the absence of petty simoyances, tad nagues to the Ambasaduc's difficulties, and w ut, and one or other mast sus, Captain Kelly and Station, haligong the ardanely intelligence czes were of cowing the same in finner thnos, objeum on the pars of the dancing. The replied that os bis burmaneter was rising, he that the bons had sund, and that he believed he but people duvet hardly were not Beyond the question of the verinamotal de la aliservert sa pre-\n\nthe ascentsy of Land Macurtuzy, Glowki they having replica the hero completely ex Patari Bodiety may have him pessozied as ately afterward thực chting of the Bugle parted,\n\nalso somon athaus uforming to it; word the and she gifted out through the passage du tine, haieta, after being in the water two hours. He many bramurai Attractions but my we\n\nnever hour of people being stacked anul rubies | Vierry of Mongella Lecordingly sent a deputa eastward van upon the beach; but on the reported that ou leaving the harbour of A Lorioen, way in a mud the Nay both got find off they stool over towards the Lens, when finding in resing the se in which the building stance.\n\ntion tooking for instructions as to the terms on A propos of that Sortety, we wonki beg to hint: which the misden siid be suffered so parroccl.\n\nbah, carrying gang fur traitoast and bulwarks. Die wind inverse very much, they run before it, The drifted the sun nac ter the Eagle, and itionately mochowed in Cheang-show lay, to occasions! visitora, dat is the resident members The WHY by the effect, that the Viceroy aliend are not resores, dut exposez rght not to Lo juvite the Russian envoy to a feast in the aura of thrown open cher enly in the few strangers the Einger, al then weyala sa performance of the nine pirsutions before a serech and bje who have joined thune; and if the lails, deste bithard-rom, ul reaching-won, are to les kejt covered with alath of Imperial Yollow. This\n\nOs phore, very few houses entirely escaped, in sup the stern would som abete nues his companions wen: de only setİvors towar bu çujoy them; and we do not leny that the sanation having wet wartly series derring\n\nthose which revived the greatest disuap were,\n\nH. the Greer's, Maye Chine', 't, aut Impala, damaged as size role, veliaus, au\n\nver\n\nTou Did Naval tree partly Wow duwa, az 1 New ichtiged\n\nRiga hauserity dust.\n\nClarge very much Ganangel.\n\nAle McKnight withewey and ik dust.\n\nAs yon fi Taeyang-svog much injusal\n\nOf Clans the worse,\n\n2.1.\n\nBars of the silk of clue Sea Hunted Hom, and Joe Hathan 'n toerenguel Jur35.\n\nCebie nape keto die Mügikonte 'n buurt Le, so we ar; batedrags.\n\nYer Paints: Cemal\n\nNatian khen to proces\n\nRolice Sculous mercoled, acil\n\nFat Feet Hasion kaudens quite uninhabitabile.\n\n--, Wong-c-ebone. Ahurdce, Stapley, sunt mood la gary village on line and, ang buwes are blot nucled.\n\nAlt wird-\n\nand also a shore. Upon Bauling in her clit a few miles in the westward Hongkong it was found that the michors tad parted. Babamong a number of Chinu bonds, where they en- the Keyland Belph were totally dismasted, but eidered themselvas paerty se. taring two loma- were got a next juorning, and towed in Camboo cables and a chain \"cable cunt. any dug too, where their eyes were discharged night a large runk ran ford et vient and books coups it is only fair that those who participate sand Gatos refsed to comply with, and an order\n\nlightly desing. The Sylph has since been of faz hauskoo cables, shortly after which the ectribute levarin die opensus. We are there. i for his return was shortly afterwards vivid. • ught into Hongkong karbone by the Steuer other parted. The clein esie was then run out fore miler glad to nedering that the Directors He had arrived at the frontier on the atlanary. Chorale, but the Zoglo is condemned.\n\n1 is whole extent (10 thoma) the end being lave it in contemplation to limit dhe tations and departed homeward, without having roacti\n\nPeking on the Ferb of Fchenary, 1866, At dayght ali shat could be seen of the Froelia stene rod the site, and secured which have liturto been so freely given, so that Robertion what: top of her mainmast, the verse stoppers, About the mainurast foll, carry- kay ng bank near the re at the ewnanec le Chung away tie taffail and gig. In its fall the sing on. The garner and four loses were must probably tussen kome of her plauka, na Curred inging to the mast, and wore savel shorty afterwards the boss was served to be by the buite of the U. s. S. Mgmatik. Tlegumer] Alling, and at lodīgast 23 ring soulled down by die report shortly alter ping from the Buyin, bead. Those on boned then got upon the acain- Captain Kelly had the pumps secoed, and friwill cost and wood stil, and funded vicar of the work. the vast was sinking. He was last seen in the Aber as they went to have loen washed away cabin, and is supposed to have gone down with one by one til early the revived--tree her. The args as voluble in, couesting of others having rear die shore, one in sup 70 cheats of Oplont, of which about 500 were which was floating by, pure on a tan, and a Jed Palve and 200 Faster minuted at little on a piece of weed how six tarded with short of hafa mim of defines, of which it is bort istane uteelcher, and on the bencla not move than two-thirds were inaned. With interved eue of their comrades, a Manilaman, the assistance of divers, about 250 chests have lying dead. On cimbing the hill, they cane slave bico recovered, and are advertised to be upay a Chine hus, the owner of which stewed them great kiminosa, in supplying them with sail by aetion.\n\nclothes and such refreshments as i la to oßen, He subgently sermnpanier ten neras the\n\nHongkong.\n\nAt Mace, the auther througlint the day was disagreeable, but the new approach at a severe Tifongs at apperheaded The Barometer flint out at which the one of rather a high curge bood at 22.08. At *. it was 2, and at midnight it felt in No Dalen nur to 28.42, after which gale moderatet, d the quicksilver ruse apidly Bus de calin was of blef duration, he about a 1. the smeared, blowing tously from W. W.N.W. About agrar ter to there was another aim of about an hour. after which the star werease, and then uns, destruction was ransed in the harbo\n\nThe de contacted, ncs blowing hand how every 20 N., Soon veering to N, NW. and W.N.W., nbsided at W.X. W. Un Tour! Toome stood at de to k dung the wight; fall at the Barometer an inch and one south.\n\nThe greatest image seems to have been so tained in the Inner Harbour, and of this we have, been dvome with an edicial reyk-\n\n11. J'ast ex\n\nBong\n\nding tanta.\n\n3 Fastige Binti\n\nFuel Bout\n\nA Bezvanger F0243.\n\n44 Terka mal scherm\n\nMonte,\n\nLe Sol Durk Game Julistee, Parhguasa laly Genergan, My Headsplanner Stagfors r', wenn daven or shan. were they still remain\n\nThe\n\nwhales Del-prist weil in sore, but qui al\n\nwith 1ng dan aga,\n\nShalang scheme Sultricks, was thewise on situ tuturing tus oll, with us! The Dokaz de vs Wivested in the Typm, a the\n\nthe Portuguese government Schooner som Face Typ Fort will de reg on imand, who were A i daggereil\n\nStruan sunk at girl the fo. Farben.\n\nBar Linches Sylph notu ies\n\nThe loss of jeals is very great, and upwards of 100 Chinese were drowned in and about the han bour; and a Chinese bat in which young ou had yet a pleasure trip was caper near the Typa, and two perished, one of what was Mr Jaues Macmurray, long known in this colmy a kuker mid re-keeper and the ether Mr Award Reds, Farrerly send me uí! the trend na\n\nTimber of homes destroyed a used\n\nNo--\n\n23 Chirgan ham. Meena,\n\n非 \"\n\nla\n\nA Wooden Trees,\n\ndumiling no the river.\n\ni\n\nThe Norjalk and Sidney were entirely dimuat ert; and the British tuig ddmor, recently arrived with 560 elests of Patna, went on shore; but her carga is uninjured, and her eyew were saved, for which they also are indebted to the boats of the Pigmort\n\nThe British bargar Ewily got on shore, but her cargy, consisting of Cotton, is understood to have received little injury.\n\nThe vessels that held on wars--the reviving hips Valeon, Ruparel, Lady Hages, Sea-horse,\n\nit they tell in with a bust on its way to The following is a list of the persons missing—\n\nStr Bathers, and his son; Acting Sergeants Nii, zeid seyr, Poses Constable Taylor, Stuffunt, chase, War- rimandarii: Pie Marie doing to tha Water Pole Flur Chinese do: There also evoke; rad & Pataguse Su\n\nShortly after the cand news rouched this place Lane, and the Sir Ilaved By The the brather of Mr Sinishers started of towards who endy vesac! Fiat moped wiiant any\n\nChang-dow, in hyes that we now of the she had two dr-hors out with rem might ince reached the land alive; ut eerises damage; | 200 fathoms of chain cable to unch.\n\nalter au msibas search, they only felt with Fight or nine Chinese parks suck, and most of\n\nthe bodies of tavo Boghshuch, to Maufammen, their crews parished, na did also titat of a smag.\n\nauda Chim boy, Baving on at my curses gling out, sonstating of upwards of 10ft man.\n\nof Chinese who had perished in the suami toading A son as daylight appeard, Capizio Gedney about; and digit be continued his search for of the wrath ordered low hans out to rene assistance, and save the lives of sanse who were the bodies of five Englishanen, one of whom was inging to the weeks, or were alwise in dugu his epluw, sed four Milsten, he was unt of perinuing. The officer on deck at fast told oratul in Gauting that brother. By Captain Gelury thus the boats esult of live paying the Chinese, lie gut graves dug, and buried; upon which he was ordered to oral for volunteer te he fell in will. When 20 of the sailas offered themselves, and\n\nmaneis boat four Cutter, the Launelt, and the Dig Assistance was offered wherever it\n\ni\n\nvy who is not a menter cam se admitted i Pls was the last Fukasay from Rusia to more flatua onun during the season. The micrip- | China, for the insists of 1898 und 1820 wore tion korever is so withing (43 per month) that undertaken prozvesndly to keep up the communica tion with Peking, but prokably net loss to barve probably the Dirustore bave themselves in wor\n\nWheelstend the country and judge of its resources. gasar to blate for at soubering among beir members about every monour visitors Macary The mission of 1890 was conducted by Timkow- of whom, iî npplied to, would radier attend ski, wie has written an interesting account of it A secret mission under Wasigen la said, on as a matter of right than of favour.\n\nIf it be consist with the rules of the Society, the authority of the Courrier Français, u have we would suggest that Anul Subscribers of a boca projecte in 1940. We know nothing of ins certain amount should be considered Members, ubjects or not; but we do know that the Chinese that Susilors of Six Dollars sield bothritis pareanptorily yelse to allow the Prins admitted to the netary privileges for Three Monchs-hira Mait, September 21.\n\nThor who have kamen Mreau in former times, and lent heen there during the last three years, tould hes appreciate, thus services of Senhor at Amal by taking un gaming stroll along the fampt load as th\n\nThe Barrier, which locks as crowind and gay, with epipages, bones, and pediatrtaux as the messican able wering place. Wirin the Ita fortnight the Barrier Gate no longer presença an obstacle to Uko pa sugu of alpinges, His Exceligney, to me, bring removes then sapestment, after vals ondeovutas 19 inless the Chinese authorities to do to.\n\nTOMARY OF KLAKTOU.\n\ncuchiko to ulscharge her cargo at any of the poets, holding that the Russian who rusticted to the provisions of the Kiaksa Trusty China Jail, Septzaiber 21.\n\nSout. -Acording to war Chipping Report, the Pa ty hat bulang and procedit to her mark of us. Was this really a The Fur Claus, ur Daviy kick for\n\nexpertovat in a Riglos gimate j\n\nEMPLOYMENT OF THE POLICE. 1x our last Overland paper we mentioned that its extent of sokucus alang de Europan Tr RUSSIAN INTERCOURSE WITH CHINA.\n\nand the quartering so large a portion of the Sta Regiment on board ship, had throws tonn We had recently (No. 188) eusion as refer to\n\nde hea on the Ceylon Riden, mu rendered acte- the state of commercial rokdions between tusse and Chim, and regretted the wart of a copy of\n\nsary the withdrawal of several of the guards, in- cudiar, koridun the Governor's and the General's, the Trony of Kiakten, by which tiny are regulat\n\ndie Treasury, the thaol, and the Navd Storak Tus ward has now been supplied by the\n\nThe last dire ars enlicited is the paboe, au vas kiostuces uľa friend, to whom we ar indebted for dgnificant addition to which force has been a French vorsion, nade from the caiga! Mustised from wavy different materials. chon, of the Treacy in question, which wo now pablish, accompanied to an Bagish translation†othes, for, while a guard of five disciplined sul- opinion of them, unwever, must be entertained by\n\nIt is curious and important, as leing ila\n\ndiers was tonerly considered accessly for the\n\nA better\n\nfuar days, during with a discovered alugekar | by China with an European sete en termo estive polieva is a destand suficient.\n\noldest axising Treaty of Corammere entered tuto protection of the Naval Stover, a less mumber of equality; in that of 1689, the result of p longed negotiations, trade i enly incidentally re- ferro to, and restrissed to duss who have port, by which it gara, dey come with pu missir.\" whale the poornble sets forth in objects he \"in order to repress the insoleace vi vortan oven, who, paving beyond the brands of their kudis & innt, rubled, muriced, and amitted other outrages; as also for settling the bouls between the two Expires of China and Russia and in short, to caraldish an everlasting Collectors of this sessie, for which, it le po good understanding,\"\n\nMy Smities the public have met annat efficient officer, whoar zeal ant activity were an\n\nnitting. Als espemeure Lad been sepiped' seed cry, and upards of ty during Twenty years' service in the London Folion (Chinese and foreigners) were saved but\n\nwhich Boty he was selectal as the most likely man to zesiel Ale May in parkening the duties [hers in a satisfactory manner; and to lús exer\n\nof the ships dechued the proffered aid from dread of salvagn, which book flies never bocu dreams of\n\nby Captain Gedney, who seems to leave tons may be atted is no sul degree, the actuated by the sings desire of alding me inery life and property enjoyed by the rest distress. We do not see however why he should des since la arival in de colong the pure not clima salvage, wyecially in cases where is services were asked for after being offered gradace of his experiors, as well as the exterm ago. Mr Staithere merited and concerned the surtously,\n\nand respect of those ter him, Chine Mul, September 7.\n\nà correspondent of the Friend of Clawn, speak\n\ning of the exertions made by the Captains of the receiving Ships, says,\n\nLOSS OF BIA KARIN CRISP,\n\ntee of site trupes any an art www.deThe Bruna Brett, foore Sway River, arrived on\n\nTeff donors sens byrgja un grabs, too notwithstarglice\n\nfatizante, and the weder a bear tailneny do the windvoe\n\nsudo cpirlity of Cantato di the pen for the actra anty vhcob te exercises in rareuing several 4.'hommen Sein the mrzechy, màn pebernian woki have mal wall unitary gras 19\"\n\nif we cannot be spared, it is high time the Ciel of the Face should imitals the Chief nf the Governcient al of the Military, by dispensing with the services of du en adring bu what is absolutely indispensable. We have for sonun sime past olaserved, whitt now forces itself move particularly an sur unties, that policemen are enpleed in collecting de Foam Tax, other. wise called the Police Rute. Mr May, it seen. and a clerk in die Land Offer, are wondínally the\n\nFused, des are said; bath we are not ware that\n\nEnt if these men are\n\nThis Treaty did not redound to the cruilit! tenet of county, and 6. wus was of greater im of Numa, which gava op its labos a large the work them,\"\n\nobjects for which it had waged a border way for portaus, the concord of wat niver Acur—\n\nny years.\n\nthey are thorized to soy Peter Constabl,-5\n\nto be employed, let them in the first place be pait for it, and the balance of the allowances apar plied to oviding additional privezomst to make As an accompaniment to the present Treas, the complement of efficient -Chime\n\nMetik, Argan 91. a brief way of the several Embossies from\n\nwe are kidly ludebe\n\nhero sta arge in the Colenia) Arcanul of 475 for a utile. Wo run only allons he ungod the Asta de la Société Quientale,\" and \"Mailia, mgh for the sales and the moment of paire portons be endre duty, thonga keperant, dies quite Hire Générale de la Chine.\"\n\ntamen to somiai hau da poncinały suchu ale at tight be The First Embassy Dog Kawia to the cut after to ache wit of au nd-mane and wider\n\npaid service. Peling, was in 1656, and nd for its nisject to\n\nif the night wadetronom zoop to buze kazn establish freedom et romaneres between two very inuet extended Poly, and moperly reg sen Fomin lea The Emperor (Slam elf diverted died less secure by jd n which we burn that a Store in de gaten of the sewu wan endotel last night--\n\nthe 16th, having picked up and brought to Hong kong the remainder of the crew of the large Sarah Crisp, which vegal wok fire 999) was afte mards cupstadt in lab. 10.56 Ny lưng, 114 20 By in her passage from Meulachi to Hongkong, with This strened with pepeks of 40ing ants and vargu ♬ Teuk ümber. The master and then i thas the Barcsinus slichki be seated with Low; the glass basing Gut this tee rentiss\n\nwere Be days on the wreek, with scarcely and and hedgaard placed over dur use appro- broken glas of a window a spot the Bevera provisions, and only a very litate rain water.\n\ned in with livin Thirteen of their wi ber perished-Chine Milied wirever they went-attenti hich\n\nsqetulla vigouJS September 14.\n\nAnd fartier aids,—\n\nown\n\nJurica, ned etary of the soles opposite to the slapping, belongiora izbe Capens the receiving tops, we d. It was a meat fearfu! and destructive Taifong \"\n\nWang At night the loner cheya waka sad) and heavy, with a great carry Hying fast in At 9 P.A blowing fresh, the upper sustum, with heavy gusts having a tendency eastward; nypesete' Vib A 11, 20.29. 28. 26.00 envy guns, with much rain and locked lighting. At 4, bluing a gale, with heavy rain-\n\nThe gardens bare safired grsally, During Thaesday and Friday to Brile alumn was felt the Goveitor of Macao, wiw And xal ou iu tue murang accompanied by a party. of ladies and gentlemen, on a plenos ip t the Nine Jaluids, as he did not retor that night, great fes were entertained for his safety, which were considerably augmented when, atte the storm hal moderated next day, there was still no appearance of diy bacellency in the course ofthe evening, after every sumaisu bad been exhausted, the party was descried in the Tana Fur, and before sightful they Innded anfuy from a Chinese hat. It was then explained, having made this sitempt to ever for Niine fatit they had to give it up after one or two moke; bui the boas being crable to eat the Playa Grates by blowing very heavy: Syupesameter 28.LU proceeded Typa, and the party buton at the Arieving hanler. At 1 29.20. A 12 Fort, where the whole of that day and the next 3.86 wind of moderate, guate oven were spent. They suppose the marions of the has it have been observed; but whetherally or not, it was hoposible to luvu made Macao The following Barometrical observatione, male during the storia, duure been obligingly placed at our dispost\n\nentil Friday sitewioon.\n\nFull advise the Barometre at Negão devise the Tangler Fist Agment, 1848 (The Instrumen during fine sather range from 133.)\n\nWied M\n\n2.35\n\n30.40\n\n1st Sept. 1. A.S\n\n130\n\n2.70\n\nThe Wind wuddenly calmed and the rule stopped.\n\n..\n\nIt wind\n\nDar still\n\n\"\n\nPreus ombe WAR do\n\nno wid Bar beglas LO LÁSC\n\nizrini.er et\n\n4.2\n\nSt galt fra the agni and\n\n425\n\nFar.\n\nBar\n\nOxle Icing and mucis vain,\n\n0.00\n\n2.in\n\n8,00\n\n$50\n\nx\n\nAnd mate cra.W\n\nWind\n\nGale mateù.\n\n59\n\n96.00\n\n08\n\nA CEM-33 N-Woon, the Taitoong ennineneed nu\n\n... the wind blowing from the North. The\n\nkların senas be have been at its light about day-\n\nlight, when the barometer had led to\n\nDuring the interval the wind shifted, but we have:\n\nnot ablained very precise information on the poin\n\nwada E.N.E. at 7, wind chopped sound te\n\nShipping, dongh a great many China are were The storm dora pet seem to live injured time destroyed, and the annoyed list shown that the\n\nhop onts uffered considerably : --\n\nLORD PALMERSTON'S DESPATCH ON ME ALCOCK AND THE TSING-POO AFFAIR, ¦\n\nSom cariosity has saturally been felt regueding the views for blajesty's Government wean tuin af Mr Alene vaares in relation to the\n\nBish\n\npeal to them, by wlisan dey were to be necan! Regularly the\n\nMANUFACTURM AND SALE OF GUNPOWDER\n\nSome months go, (China Mail, No. 165,) we had upension to rall ́atibution to the danger to which Cho Hinges were exposed from the existenca u Gunpowder mactories in dwelling-konses t public doughfare, and have been in hope that the foots then pihiced would had to better enforcement of the existing law, which we een erived to be seiflcient to aneac uie avil and ti\n\nwould probably have been willingy dispeased with. As a preliminary to negotiatioon, ja ww required and the Fussian monarch should te acknowledged on the vassal of China, and the presents had sent accepted as telate. To these conditions the Russian Ambassador would not accede, and he was therrione compelled to return one without having recomplished my Tring-pon affair, at as the local Government bas, thing, except to find us the kanpaior of China tol thought fes untie any nanou vennent en the. i was regarded as the supreme ruter of all the bjers were glad to have it in car power stations of the world. Niculoff, who was the et andereal dat Lori Palmersking in Peking steel to the Entele Minion, sintes et incline to think so, along it tach otherwe conademtion all the circumstances of the Êuse\"\n\nit was not bear the Rusiasts to know appoured to our Legislative Come we have as lid veleve him, approves of the subsfactory Jedge Dir ozuvchi to be the vassal China, ¦ debuutis special Ordîmenes to be called for. D sorbentent faitair which, in tess able hauls, that they were not received, bat beeze they der its provisions Gangwader is no longer to he might have taveled the country in enviours dif- wonisl not submit to the ceremony of invostituré, ¦ manufactored within iso mdes of the town of fenities at wala dins his Lordship does fall which lever amounted to the same thing, as Vietoria, ner within half a mile of any publicad justice to the fitness and address with which that would is offers luss boon the acknowledge and tus person is to keep in store over Twú Me Alesek cried out his mesures, he gives\n\nment of vassalage or dependence.\n\nPounds, if dre same bë not juported frota no enphatic warning against the presend uscep tional rasa long regarded as a pendent; and takes occasions to enjoin nou v Alevel and alt sher Consula a atriz maternity to the regula¦ tions laid down for their guidanc in such mati\n\nAs we have all along expressed, and still cut- unin, Coplas vegassing the soundices of the policy AL CANTON, the gale commented about 10 eu du posted by Mr Alevel, under all the circum- and inversed in Vistence ti è nes mcg stances of the case we um the move ceny to when it was at its height. Judang by the hammer the decision of iler Majesty's Goren urter, which did not felt below 1.16, the storms, which, qualified though it be, het begaly does it seem to have imen su violenta a Hongifig to the Cousal hins it, and satisfactory Roug, facau, and Can-slag moon; throgh of to the an eiled in his views.\n\nWith ward to the daree wv.rand emplahunta, course in the crowded river there was a fifni\n\nDr Salle, C.\n\nDe Se mye, in the outside di tut, and otherwise bach damage, buying dritted from her mooringa. Di Lowers, Instander, and house merried away. Di kryes, drilled bee tasks up the river-Gamaged. Il not a Tales's, she shigde of the lauqunuðir evening di the horried Lady.\n\nMoczny Cars walkinget! moms whin saving autern of\n\nthe s\n\nfor an extinto of\n\nbut we are mislite told not, inking for granted they had not Juss of tc at her, some accomɔis stating seeded the jucevrild Andel, noverthekas re numbers who perished at hundreds and others qrices of the Court to impress pha, and Diss. de ferter witten en the uning of possil who make ecurions into the couple ne sürer:ful, a whole the bases atmost dranspection the Ter describes de sorme. rerer being covered with the wrecks of the fragile: Seeing the conquences which many Row from Hower-one and smak raft, gust numbers of gorance, mismanagement, or was of presence mind, is the event of getting involved in al ! whitel were dashed to picces by the large jaaks,\n\nwhich, after being funest frein their crings, offray at a distance from the consults--flow were driven Fariously long by die wind and side, eff. September 1. destroying evore thing dat same in their way.\n\nSeveral Chinese sal wells in espised status were blown down, and die ravages the ardre were considerable; but upon the I whale we consider Canton we net exposed to the strength of the ilong The tide overflowed the gurdim, but it was not so high as has been ch served in June Poods.\n\nf the beautiful private Cutters on the riven\n\nMACAO, AND ITS SOCUZZTV.\n\n\"DA MAC,\" a venerable friend, scavely moro velebrated as do Arish than for his son- versational power, terms due tols cits, has boot\n\nHugh, le ofer fastall partitimere, quite as many of his visitors are been pleasure-seekers as patients. But to both he prescribes with\n\nThe Spend Baubossy, under. Thondure Alesies ¦ Burg viez biolowin, arrived'st Peking in Läië, dering the vigs of the Fanperor Kangels, and bad sor da sele objeen the settleman of the Frontier us\n\nhas been ready mentione\n\nThis is limiting, not extending the law of Eng land, to which such an exception as the one above quoted is unknown, and might navor to have been ikuntaven here The Governor and Compil The Third Mintas, under labente tilta, ar cannot surely be aware that in the event els dive rived at Peking in November. 1893, after a accidenta) explosion, much more danger is 14 journey through\" Siberia and Tartary of eighteen he sporel rozled frina stocks of ingrated Gwapo. months. Theobieta of the Early were chiefly der heid by inbriidal Lauropods within deci egnanc veini, hot it does ant appear to have con premises, than from all the rest pat together nail saceful, atthough lebeauty, in his out of his thus the erection of a magazine the engulary Embassy, alleges that i was received with the reception of such socks is quite as unich edled ceremonial observed in Faron; and tips, lactonday a rostrictions in Chinest dealer of unpasiting his credentials upo Teie nu\n\nthe sain of Cheapgwder, however, is a d'fferent sely prepared, he placed them upon the Thurs, affair from its juannfectare 5 anal while the fortune fuck in the presence at the Papazior. fun, it i shod be subject to regalation: whjel. have been rempehulde that this convession on a pubist of proved to be efficiout at home and in other onde creamy annust have been the only advantage ties, dus katur me rougie, ought to have ben gained by the Aubondo\n\nentively praibited in Sin claid. For thoug The Fourth Embassy was that of Tanneuff in sibi pejnice to see uny Manel of honest in 1720, rendered famous, wat so much by its edustry eneralaged, the manukastaro of Gaga, Helens bet ne wader that cargory. Blig cessful tits, an by dia ndanivable seront of is given by John Bell of Autamm, the calcied as selgively by despernes, who attendat, and in das Jaune Lange, she Secay of the mission, who continued as c'e sident at Peking he nearly two youn, mit the clear at the lung and enlightened wign of Rasghi. The boy was that ' Windlielawitele, deepatolod in the fast year of the reign of the\n\nbe permitted to eres powder skif day could suffered to live- Trey come here neause hidhurts they sta Teen Interfere with, and their only must Jove on pinggir, f. test encourages thus fordel to such\n\nsacation\n\nit ngre than: csual request during this summer, Kaspress Catherine of Russia Alter arranging to rework to Hongkong has been even\n\nthe important renty of Klakin, tue Araneador dost expo, in luch for proceed to Peking, where he arrived a 1728, on useless Aves love one bor during the reigns of Yungeling of China and Indeed, Int for sub wings, j\n\nwould either lave Lego enforcod, w not one has to us ape, an the foll equal succus aforeing cool litoses ant pleasrat Peter 11. of Resia, Five grani saptansy, an\n\ndrives by the one, and picnics, escais en fact Mandarins with &maneens actingo made\n\non busine, and evening guities, for the easy 8 Porskega precelent promegalo\n\nPo many of these sufrentages, we need which has not keen since followed with Tires, or waverly say the community is indebted to the any other emetry Pent invernor, who has done nence for the\n\ning zomeration will shew:-\n\nat song-The thing and Dragon alterated, and\n\nCynha 15 pic\n\nAt My act sand, the Mrytower distanzzed,\n\nwid tying \"gh and dry the Na Tu Ajda\n\nJost.\n\nA Cupha-singe (moza- Tire Fille and Wizard illam na\n\n-\n\nLOSS OF THE GUNBOAT.\n\nNEATH OF JASPROTON SEPTHERS AND OTHELS.\n\ntruly\n\nThe extent of damage sustained was very as the morning of the Stat sits, the Unit\n\nand the following notes on the subject we gire with a minber of convalescent police on board der charge of Mr Smithers, the Juspoetoe, MAS\n\nnearly no sent to us --\n\nPs in\n\nDu several important respteis l'it's That now a not some ti The Sixth fanbasar was that of Ripolall, who i view or whieht at any rate onght o place in is adversity. Ihan ever did any rifle i obtained an audience, it is said, sulanising to view-unless indeed in Colonial predecessors 10 ils ont jalmy days of pusties pertueen the Katow, but wilhant offeesing the exercise of the extenordaang diserta\n\neununercial objects of his roission. The Seven sabagay was that of Golowkin in the dv The ever you of\n\nIn allting in the Brasty of Macas, the paluations, to calls balvined, glet to be specially mentiunt. Touto ata ai preseus, or were the early part of the ani, de the\n\nToner, Spankh Planetertiary, and a Fronti Fury, with Cursule me than we can read an e Dean he English Plenipostiary,min_lies a\n\nuse dister of the Feuvinte, sa American Cor\n\nDuring the night evarul vessels drifted and especcited for a craizo round the istamil, on this which is was exportal wou's bars whim how\n\ncame into collision. After midnight the receiving otarial Socommendation that the Bish\n\nTo will be obterved that chuse obstactone on the should have the best of a charge of suiche Liesonant Governus uf 31- p-wan, and sailed again with a light breeze\n\nileenses\" altoptike.\"\n\n\"sebeze\n\nin the ma\n\ncharitie\n\n-, the reizas the Emporero Alexciler, fran: the recriptines of persalis stungileen mission that had ever bun des plients For the ren pooried to Peking; but sinc\n\nof Busula nel saking of China. This w19 bo not Legalistet is to donor dues per\n\n赤\n\nsumbuking aswynesia of Tronne.ill ebjost je ks halding such stents passiesin\n\njudividual, which, scised at they give in\n\n1 In Chan, No. 188, S. 21, weekly in 199 Ten- Sha, the Fon of sitario? Man Ven sing, or Buup, and foun her of the rest synasty not act hisa only the world.\"\n\ncourse of the wind, da cut eailedly euincila theAtner of the saine day Ge uscitared at Shark- sudicions se form a Cangram, whom the athias of me praming the throne, pro kammed Taspirar.\n\nTabia given below\n\nCentor wenid jeubsidy bo prisely Discusand an al resin in any Capital et 11: Cot head of Furie\n\nupon perusal olservation, uni ühte wor\n\nfinal through the agency ten, m25 20-7\n\nIt is the is at Kochant, we\n\n· 1971, 1\n\ncards fure, is lonistkeen it plicare te doliches.\n\nin eating amoy of what ought und dụ kun silent to exist at all, and whien, wa shwarve, fo not intended to augment the rovare of the Colony-Chine Mof, September 7.\n\nCONVOY.\n\nExpetency jy is per\n\nOverland China Mail.\n\njust in from the falls of the rat preling that this general law for th wiale of tissement\n\nCina Proper is slightly modified in its total ap war how more nei cerk of such force, that day ¡iorura su i vestonelladry by all an is of whatrasver d plication, Me Mews illustrates this vi\n\negy mi ar se ruployment of conveyn, the legelg\n\nFATE OF 1. & M. RUSTOMJER & Che\n\nby wklition to the Brig Cursair, which was toll\n\nJ\n\n70\n\n::\n\nDIEN-UNION 50%, took al 24:43 werly at 56 and upwards un teu- Kaunas Krag-- imer's rws all out the heavy ring Eply, when prices docu materialy. To day rates o. Patirt\n\nHere 406, wild where acllers than balbers\n\nKXPORTS\n\nCeston Instruti Ciapunyih mom the sme[aprovement in the\n\nhis subjurt by ample references to a Ciness work for $100, the flowing Shares Volonging to the (wat deel is to allow twich of authority, titled The Provisional orkestate of D. & M. Rustomjee & Company were\n\nwestriery under, both faz suctions and Regulations of a Proviner of a disposed of by the nation today abel for low casetion ece which may in fa\n\nenglished so recently as 1848, by the chief- un\n\nFun Sannes sha Cufon. Inntrare tiompany of infracluf time owns and mastery flamebox, mathorities of that province. These extracts\n\n10 per cent premium and tre estos interester, LELS Kacolle love sug this throw ach light on the uusi interesting bench desene, which will be posted! as the mural places “\n\nof the say, which well deserves the rive -Chimes #au, September 7.\n\neversideration of states Gugland, who will\n\nworkable all fair the as of they now presed conferring tenant-right on the calvat, ame\n\nNa 130 le pon them by patriotic theoriska. tual remedy for the exits of Ireland costki he de- vel ban for one government to carry out the branch of their sales, which was to able ma to dent with wasto and neglected property in that\n\nTw\n\nhere fud a pin for rendaiting waste lands, al pail thurell\n\nANOTHER OU PRAGE COMMITTED BY A\n\nis offering some remarks upon the Convays of the Chinese juides, (Chion Mus!, No. 173, June 1,) we addvevd several instaneca of \"acts of prescimaudite Begality denounced in a recent Proclamation of Z de Plenipotenary, one of them referring to the master at a Porlangese lorelki, why wa presume, is also the hero of the following narra Live:-\n\n\"About the middle of July, (the 18th) an Italian, belonging to Macan, and Jean Baptison Balilo, tetas constituting into the highest mastup of the Paringaese force No. 30, explayed watch a despot cand inwow. Those to convos jauks between-cow-food made the greatest progress in Riversture, and scout-5, ut non allow it to be altivated and men were considered mnat slig ble for office, who\n\npo, appeared at the Purelor consulate vi ledge\n\nPURCHASED RANK IN CHINA. The Chinese Goverment, instead of promoting a privilege clasee of tukility to permanent rank In the site on arennat of Bluetions Ules, vol.\n\nexpected that individuals should toil for years\n\nàomplaint against the inhabitants of Kwen-toll, hy competition proved titis, it could not be aired in the same way on is done in ('am.\n\nin to try study of Chore liceatus, without property by reclatning uticalitate! But, in very\n\nTrouble.\n\nThere the low as to the aequsition of landed\n\nin the ontkowy de lintin Steam Facket\n\nC\n\n150\n\nTXA-site for tongue was exceedingly dul uncil arest of the Sunior, since wichtige zon. rection has taken place, and to shop ch 1ied as the above the current ratca of last one: This may be or\n\nt, comeined whth the boroflu despatch. The quits of pa estined left. I shout, 100, wo-thirds being Tichows DA Meaiad, the balan Kaira sd Singhs- dexiptons Quotations dr Tachish tear and Moning te 10 a 20 tele: flows 135; ha\n\nand Simbakes at 13 a 17 Of old Tetings taken at 12 Cuk; 14 or 5 semai Kavel un chens mettle at 2450 ls, Ib yai seld. Flowery Pekoe mkages add a 31 62\n\nChange Plus 18\n\nestad Teas sins of its passtee\n\n22 1\n\nir cominal; good to superfue at a 39: F owns Cuper, 2000 trazity boxes ady tacks, Plain Orange Pease and Caper, Su bar choes of the Serie America & I tela D' the later one chra 850 Le racy texes bas sen\n\n[ k sh bag to market whi\n\n14 cacle to or key, (71) Ning Yongs, V., the market pretty firm, though Rostams roths easier 12 have been sub ted to; and toned, there accros but lile Joues that the Tesation will coat lower prices: full supply it is thought will come forward. The quantity id this month 100 packages Ankel\n\n1213 acis in Yors and Kaleo teas 23 in for the rond Reversion of slegs 20\n\n10\n\n--China Mail, Beptoraker 21\n\nNEWS OF TE DAY. a village about swenty mais distant from Fon- (Chiefly from the Peking Gazais. } chow\n\nHe stated that on the Cay previous, bis forcha oking for sine rantation for their insan iborat. The calvatur pays nothing for it, and is ordered to give in a daily report th\n\nCANTON, By ew owlinance, every innkeeper the mraugy being anchored off the village, six of his Chinese\n\nWhilst this arrangement therebre en is even allowed to enjoy the profice of the set! for who lodge with him, specifying their empley and er went on shore to make parehases, taking sure to lend me employmen, in the publisters of years, before he is called u to entzia oder irticas. is regulation is pro- with Gora alone 10 or 12 dollars. Upon tour service, it kept alive as emulation to become\n\nbute to the revenue of the country i land tax, pusty enforend, it will greatly assist in driving ing payoent for what they bough, the villagers acquainted with the works of the ancients, there\n\nthe sanates as proprietors who have inherited away the vagabonds a rulliane from the pace. refused to take die dollura, alleging they did not pecorating cute principles, and supporting or purchased their lands. Those who have fee rabbers have tasty so funch increased, inat\n\nGeir systara as du malterable isis of society know their proper value. This gave occasion to\n\ncursions up antea river many have obsered the Prefect has called apn the intubilants to and upwards is rugam The lock of all kinds, The descevi. angry works, and a soulle onseed, get up, Baliclo well as of wininistration.\n\nmirers of marsh and on allevial banks in the ranize a system of self-protection. professed to believe, for the purpose of sing the meritoriyas hearins night however likewis\n\ncourse of being galed from the river-passages avilnes. His men had the worst of the tray, but share in the higher expoluments; while tho\n\n1c96 Sea, the new governor, has been raised five Bribordinate oiliers were fille by met wito head\n\nin the manner saertoned by these laws.\n\nBras and recorded three times, for having sent a two of them crespol and reported the cimum- Rent in Me and Youniaga wil and fellow. The next division of Mr Meadows paper patriotic contribution of 10.00 trucks to relieve stanede in their clamander telling him that their peut greater part of their lives in uflicial describes that tear by which the win,\" compsations were in imminent danger. Upon this, Altre high and intial situation, he prople, as distinguished in the marine of that wines.\n\nthe starring people of Ho-nas, he being native Balioto armed himgoit with a musket and beams? with how exceptions in favour of the Manschoos, and soldiers, hold the great bulk of the real pro- were awarded to use who had proved themselves pert contains in the eighteen prices of sued a very severe proclamation age: the while provincial judge of Kwang-tung to the stove, where, ou attempting to land, he was asle by the villagers with kuihoos, swurde,\n\nman of antiving dingence and folid sequiremen China Proper.\" This, At Meadows kas maradile estem of drowning turale auss, and and swach. I order so intimidate the crowd, be\n\nin librature. Suli was the theory-China w\n\nIt is very simple, the thened to visit the perpetrators of suen deals be ruled by scholars and savaA. sired over their heads, hat din fablog to produce\n\nFran this fundamental principle, a great devices sulely, of the payment of an anausia, modered a sun or grandson.\n\ndeaus caning chiefly, and is the studio pass with the atmost penalty of the law, ta if they had the desired effect, he tool: aim and fired a scom time, but cute not say whether or not the ahotiation is now made, thu consequences of which and of fees or alisaation; the latter being of Chung, the ngistrate, ins issued several pie mast sooner or lator clage the wile face of the course only payable when the property is first bitious against kidnapping and syliig children, kiled or woude any one. He however contriv\n\n\"Common Tenure.\"\n\nconsisting\n\nBuy\n\nonly transactions have been to Centon\n\ngisters of up wet, ht 200 15.2% ai Neb\n\nF of one sisell dip of the new Tanging bare ben HAWTc possa care, Tries about 200 bales, eldar Sig for os, and not frow I'm a bake, held a The prices of to have advanced in need of a parsint is in the cup-we jote No. 1, 2918:2, 2304; 3, 13:2\n\nSeo-See No 1. S down to 15 for o Caverjar Candy 69507935\n\nIn other Export cling toug EXQUANGE\n\nfl. Loxtos, utlening. A l'ew go\n\n2019 at 6 th\n\nsich have bags dizel of of 4/1 4/2.\n\nO Ia Compay sacepusil, 213 214. f.co, 21983. Stue, & per cent. FREIGHT.\n\nTo fato, ekipe abundant a £4 Ta PosIDAY, 20 cente per pic for dead weight\n\nFONGRONG. ORIENTAL BANK BATES OF EXCHANGE OR LAND, & mor thự sight 3,144\n\nÚALGUTT Rd Pharma S days sight 216\n\nપ્રા.\n\ny\n\nZHANGHAL MARKET.\n\net tu carape to his niche clong with his men, to entry, si produce radical location in the bined. Els from the local mandamas ro\n\nthe worst description llave trade. à regaine whom were Roverely wanted; and upon his Gevnument. For talent, money bas gradually garding this x are occasionally alfabed in\n\nteath of this kind is carried on to a great extent. been baituted, and aportan appointments This Mural under the head of Chinese Dar- arrival at Fou-buw, having no representative of his own country to apply to, he tartrated the fall to the bigest bidder; wealth is now more responden\n\npowerlini han birth and nesor listments, and British Culto take down his statement, in\n\nMr Meadows then proceeds to Alienation.\n\nKris-To prevent inroads in their country, order to meet any entry cue that might after- the custrine of the realm will beneforth be a being the dard and last of sin divisions of the Kircus duserted the whole aorth western warda be mule où, the part of the Chinese, plutary. The transition has been graded at Busjesz. It is, however, ut conectand is the trac: which borders spet Matcheria. The\n\nSucks Batiola's account of the atlair; but\n\nfirst randored absolutely necessary by the s\n\nChinese government appears aarious to meet writer's remarin on this point he wishes of the reclase people, by prohibiting present all of a drycription of the end of of the exchequer. Office were sold, fav lirought farther information gave a very different aspect\n\na rury kuge sum into the treasury: The reven both to its origin and to the part acted by himself.\n\nSale, of which a translation as well as facsimile is\n\nvagabonds from multivaning the land, se squatters failed, stone were disgond of for money to The Chinese Disicist blagistrate, having learned fill my the deficit; in case of an exigeasy, cucharist document giver by the seller, specifying bees on the barren wille, to cultivate the virgin on the frontiers Buder these the poor Shin-se given. Il consists of two parts; the fret, a mn- that he had been at the Comsalute, caine hærs to\n\npantry are comprehender, who leave their war, irodatiet, or starvation, the Guvertacus the causes of the sale, the nature of the property, wil of Kirs. They are however too explain that Balida and his red were sinne to blame, and therefore begged that he might be had rose to the sale of res; unier all and the terms of the ugreement; the second, and persevering to be replied by mere prohi- desained until tail investigation was nizde. The\n\nfinancial difficulties, this was the grand panaces. printed form attached to the other by the logissey enactments. There is auther ordinanc In the course of time the system has buen esta magisarate. It is this, with the official sela in wien forbids them to clear the wil na the Consol gave vie Magistato understand Cazzi lio\n\nblishing, a detailed list of regulations is a pressed on the two at gives legal validity a border Fast of Kirin and Le-awa-tong. The had no power tu da ho, as none of the parties ty Paated wors Buitish subjects; but he agreed to\n\nput forward, assigning to the Mandarins by pur the transaction. The two together,\" says Mr Jatter district, though the patrimony of the vding Send for Haltolo, who came and repeated his evner\n\nchase their proper position. The rules fil an teadowform the only Title Feed Tegally no lauteten dynasty, is now untirely in the possessi Patire Pekin Gazette, red if carried out to the scary of tus property careyed by the hat of Clingsu agriculturists. These Be injuctions will ary. Next day the Curse Magistrate reburned the Consulate, charged with a palis meusage\n\nlester, will undermine tin whole theory of Gea facite sourity against depute, the per-probably rogain and letter, as great masse goods are quoted at 7915 a 25- from his super love. w leg of Mc Jackson to i-\n\nvernment. The rh the cational examinations chaser usually demands fies the salter the end of string human being pour mainly into th shillarity; but dat gentleman could\n\nfor singling out talent tor da publie acyvize stil of Sale executer when the property was eca only repeat Must as British Causul lie was proclud-\n\nexist, and though men who have distinguished themselves are promoted even to this day, yswners frequently, these ne fe set of dende in into a garden. At the splitting of the Magistrate, ha vever, he consented to take down the evidence enflected by\n\nas oficial, which vets to this eff\n\nalloy is the most powerful lever a lift them and winoul it die most perfert scholar way never\n\nTrain clerkship.\n\nIt is not exactly a new mode, having been o\n\nall had resurse win gases of ergency; be in so farmer period of Chiuess history was it\n\nAz ailway took place at a village cubed. Kwon- Ton, which is situated arear the sater's edge, and beg oly a sides distance from the opŕuni ships, is lequently visited by their evos Buzopositaet ever reduced to so complete a system: as at the are therefore conman visitors, and the pressure prosent day, Any hedy may purchase in the pened no selvation or unfriendly feciagnitaries, sud the mat inworthy strive for the was unlikely, therefore, thing the viitagern would, gliest distretiens Men of scobity have e\n\nmustrated against such prcecodinga, asachvers ve withnet, offer helt stilo resis of all gust dreymeal, and introducing\n\nthus often collected in the bands of the existing propriewe.\"\n\napite of the government, soon change the dai\n\n(September 6, 1648) INYOHTS BAS STINGS- the let alinan the Asian have coon about 30.900 ! OLO im.\n\n25,000 piss Frith Their presun salud 20.500\n\n28705\n\nfo 67 catly Grays, and 22905 be good ident\n\nWhite.\n\nA xvs-- Of Datinge 9,000! prears of sũ yửa, goods as a sold this man se 1995, 2b. hase were sold, 2018 153 easy Sheet picers still fee light gouds, vod 250 2520 for the heavy . The demand fully suplied for the present.\n\nCoron Yaxs-Has been Rold lately to some extent, it being used with Silk for manufaccúm of a\n\n3ve us Nos. 184 SI Ave Lezght falvi tor\n\nIn limite demand at NA Ord. Salz of abrip Enriel nor reported vi our quotation.\n\nSeaman Syatees -The sales cons to 9300 pieses 18:05 to 1975 pood.\n\n470 piecsa sold at 205.30, which is then pre- METALAI-Notes, dut at 350. Lek-$10\n\nPIRACY. We tend a long memorial from the It is pretty well known here that Chinese in ans, are in the hair of depositing the Tite which he represcuts the meritorious effort of embarrased circumstances, or who want to raian Governor-Gearral of Fahon nad Che-keaug, in Deers of their real property as security for money, several naval heroes for the suppression of piracy foreigners being sindira the depositarian the cost of the latter province. Judging froun Motulows's papce, therefora, especially wish the tone of the paper, he wishes in encourage adition of the facsimiles, presses some stiers to similar exploits. There is little drakt practical value for the meantile members of thie hat the Englian cruizers have a great share in these trips, for which the Celestials receive | all the credit.\" In reading stel, a representation, Man mauso drwy from it for the Wassiles at refer to the rare the world imagin that zones is done to put a Custom is worte. 250, actions. No snad diffieslty wns experienced in stap to the evil whilst it is in realty word tan geting the excented, and so many of the best, and increasing to a lenchalantent. Tie von\n\nsentences will soon be seen, in the total ruin of Bok-entres in the City refused the employment,\n\nBad ise kui experiencel Met the fact and rapacity: you thob vesis dipity; althougù, we conez:52, men more\n\nbenra\n\nSOCIETY\n\nMR. VELOTUS'S JAFAR ON LAND TENUDE IN CHINA.\n\nwas, that the seamen of tim kural, instead of pur midst the general scramble for purchased erui- closing proviskonts had gone to honso of li! Br, in there created a law, which the pale the true 1vors of their comry for with\n\nThe result ca only be detrimental, onl ¿ttempted to quent, and would have succeeded, And the master the torch, acengal by lengken to the future.-Chian Heil, Sept.\n\ntwo or three orige armed Eispeans, not il-\n\nnarut. The villages were abarmen as their, CHINA BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC eprengaver, amk avapted to pet them of Pos instead of retreading and sing the seamen Tartine Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society with them, which ting til det easily bare doue, ha med i Transcretions for the first year good deal employed by foreigners, had the pacerse Cinese bave recently adopted measures fur they feed they maskets in the air. This valy casperated the people, who attempted to beat off! the mailusta, while Baiolo, having reloaded, kim and fired offence think anse, by which one was kiki mul noster desperately wearebod. The party then went on heard their tored\n\nHaving stated these efremstances as the result adus inuigations, the Chinese Magistro wea deeirona cart the offenders should, i' possibla, be take to Macro in a British versel of War; bib AS\n\npicts sold; present quotation ea 6810, T- thecanner 213: Straits 188.\n\nSex Wales of 1000 picats. Straight sticka at work). per pul\n\n542966 AD-th Fes Island good 75; ordinary 15* és por ticut.\n\n23s; Vanila AASIA & 4005 for common to bat\n\nPeren-Salas of Mac. at 5649 per piel.\n\nZebe 247, and Trai\n\nOrux-Tiere has been a large busines? one during the past onlb. l, watol was as low at 7-2g, Ta ray to 770 and 7909, at which it\n\nmated sterd;. Paina has bion feels\n\ntitle\n\npast week has bought a decline and $5196 i now the art pica The aport Yau been a chests of all kinds, and the clearances rather more than Es; to ha÷the stocks are reduced sororwhat mou fast munih's stali\n\nEXPORTS. TEAR-About 2 elops of Conzon have been settled 5 19.25\n\n19 al fur the best of 102 The Tay for isown, and 10 x 13 19 aumptious,; bu 6000re wastly o\n\nthat is was hard that ude of executing them the wide varias convience; even now nas nge- half of the junks that formerly navigated the must be abandoned; but at lengli one an un- tortor the work for 2 large price. At the end coat, are to be seen, and even these carry only of a week, however, he als reined the peers, cheap and bully articles, the loss of vassche by blocks. Ultimately an outside man, who is a Raying that he dared not the say money cat the ends of the baniers being so very gmat. that no valuable cargoes can run the gundet.\n\nand although the volume is not a very bully one, jint into his hands, and weld what he was 20, the suppression of pincy, but without foreign aid the contents say of au interesting nature, affords without asking in whether he was willing or\n\nthen sus tay be donated). valuable information on subjects raportens in\n\nSa-pong-tuan, the daging pirate from Chek ehu, not. He was penbably more under the feas of themselves, and duct which He is known offending a gondenser than of being dete^keů who took possession of several forts on the exEL among foreigners. For the sake of those who by his own country; int though he did ex- near Toupas, with all the guns in thena, F: are not members of the Society, we subjoin a sure this cutting, he would not print off the delics the local government. The natives Lave Table of Cuteuts\n\nengine, or even sund hone the block, wach row been prointed from fersishing him will PRELIMINARY ADDRESS: by the Iridaat, SAB\n\nsupplies, in order to starve him into submission. wero got only by being sent for. Jalan Pearen Day. Barnet, F.R.S. THERE AND A\n\nNo autopt was he got stamps executed He will however with his wild camarades try MARK ON THE BENUISITION, COMMON-in imitation of the erals, of which unpress likely help himself, and make an obsinat resize the uning kas yat budu doar preter to H. 11. Consulate, Canton.\n\ni market\n\nbent 00 pachugus Crter, Traverted, mostly Teping and enter sherbet 2 48 65 cars for fine Grunder, 26ncials and 9-1 for\n\nmarket at been maite for the 2 superial Young Hysany of the Twsday kind: 24628 tacks for fair Single Gaupowders For the Angri\n\nin\n\nይ) .ii\n\nThis could not be done, le paposed to convey the 13 C, 15 PROPERTY, appear on the avigno! Deed-Ford, where it kiss snes, unless bought over. He is well kran. A RAW St.-So 10 contrusts are reported. Abent\n\nprincipata by chair overland. Upon meewashiuya- lu No over, it was thoughts et excitement night | rinna íe eroded ating to route which would expose the prisoners danger, and he was there- Fere wing allow them to proceed to Maeso in tanie own Toren, the Chinees placing a guard on Boord. An alternative was suggested, ad peristips! the most satisfactory arrangement under the cir ethnames, thak Mainio, ni beu of other procecil- ings adust hun, should be called agon to unke some provision for the family of the man he had killed\n\nOn the 15 the Magistrale returned, and re- ported that the higher anthorities were dispose:l to deal leniently, but in Bue present size of oxcite mont, puemniary compenastion was out of the question. But if Haliole would agree to go over- 11, he alwall be esrayed under safe candnet, and not weabed as a criminal and be prosecdeá in has own vessel, it would be proper at an officcy and attendants shool Lavonny lim. The f gistrate als required she of thể thi tese crew in Le sont un glure, in order to compare his cvilince with that of the villagers.\n\nnesaswa, Bag., Interi\n\nOn the Acquisition of itgal Prunerty-Rognitions For the Cultivrition of Alla stat Tevaloids the fold vation of Werte Govciment lands: Da Commun Teen: Q ARenation -Deed of Sale- Pord-od. A MIORT ACCOUFT OF A VISIT TO THE HOT PGINGH OF YONG MAR; by J. C, Bawang, Esq.\n\nAnalysis of the Water.\n\nA TREATISE ON THE GONEAR SYSTEM OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOOY by W. A. Han\n\nPart), Anator-Part 2, Physiology.\n\n.D.\n\nNOTRE ON THE TSIRN, OR GOPPER CASH OF THE CHINESE: SC. B. Housa. Ten, Chef Magis- Trade of Hongkong.\n\nLe minst ForgNTS\n\nON THE MINEN OF THE ORINESE PAPIRE: the the AA GUT, Churae try to\n\ndocere\n\nierendene!: China Proper-Go Minas River Ninesfran Maos Copper Mine-nick- silver and above Clanahar Min\n\nOF PROCEFHINOS\n\nAng Amicie Socrity of Chinn-Office-bearen\n\nfor 847-fur 1848.\n\nREPORT OF THE COUNOH\n\nAPPENDIX.\n\nthe counterpart; and it would certainly save waters as a desperate vagabond. been unsuccessful, as persona farging such scala are punishable by dongation, immediately upon receiving the confirmation of the sentence by the | Criminal Board, which must be specially applied! for. It would therefore be highly biamentie to\n\nCANTON MARSET. (September 27, 1848) IMPORTS. Dorotðar sket eligws au adarce in the voice | of siis article,\n\nbuy cause! by ans\n\nan increased demand for Foreign\n\navo nave, to parade any as a little, it seemed of the pactal fellure of the active in work of this description. In enitting the\n\nDan during tuvath have boos,—2,400\n\nusing are, there was nothing striedy illegal, bulion Monday, and a 7 0 for old, and to 4 8.3 for new\n\n1,000 barus Bëngui, al 8.2 u R1 for all. 8si a 0.3 for new hut time toumaction if detector big involve and 2,400 Faders, 615385 for old, nu 973 an in serious difficulty. I would look suple now. Tho g is our osnal monthly statement ~ ¦ efoun, and the cirenmatter of the employer being a foreigner would not probably un iegarded my excurs. --China Mau, September 14.\n\nUNITED STATES CONSUL\n\nJ. N. A. Gaworu, Esq., has been appointed Consul for the United States at Shanghoë, in the room of Caleb Lyam of lyonsdni, hug, resigned, --China Mall, September 21.\n\nSustains for Perure Disoussion: List of Members MATTER EXTRACTED BY THE LEADING LONDON JOURNALS FROM NEWSPA PURS IN THE EAST,\n\nthe Society in 1817.\n\nThe panor by Mr Meadows which stands at\n\nFORD\n\nNesty 2015 September\n\nkey limg\n\nSk\n\nBetul,\n\nRocha. Bulc, 7,4\n\nMadras,\n\nរូ6,-i ឬ\n\n44.8 €3,77\n\n7,6\n\n2.0INI\n\n1,376 2,\n\nAmerican, u nea Shanghas,,\n\n2,370\n\n2,\n\n100\n\n모유\n\nTO\n\n..-.-\n\n----.\n\nWitch in the interior go forward per e\n\nAunts of a short orop are cârra. ed, and escalinae firm in their demands to high prices\n\nEXCHANGE.\n\nOn ESGANG, nominal «4 42 10 4/5.\n\nFREIGHTS.\n\nTo Exalu, nominal at 4/16. bips would ined full cargo gladly at less\n\n•\n\nFrem our MANILA Correspondent. September 17, 1818.;\n\nIMPORT\n\nAt this season of the year tas market is commonly in 40 377 a raty dull stato, but as present it is more than mua!} Ew the cavy stocian care costiarily re 5,167 ceirley didous. The Yuencia Tom Singapore 175 Line of British gods, and the Concurd and St Pavaro the United States have the into ste markyta lieagy lot of 16 pics AUSKICAN BROW SI 400 ps of Darte, part of which have ben sokk ut $94 in 10 yds of the frier, and $2 for 2 yils of the liter; and a father recessio 13 expected per Propratt9. Hair 2 CECTUS --\n\n555 1,181\n\nTotal Bale, 1,438 2020 57.619 77,437 69,113 Sport kan verehressa in blog ofte by improvers don In the math he is elit, he Time Then the digkeiten Sah on the now, s, ir lie il trejur , del pike Stel ja mina inanajer 2 Pack itu saya, sahil nani kawęd |___Bose Chopra--In Betle desand at ageren:ed mates. for Tely, vix-16,600 plecus Grere at fur emang, 2.30 Tio vady salon which have been made were excite\n\nre 25-10); 02. a Oik weight.1g7 catii. 230 20: and 75%, 975028 lindres hice have bood dioned of at 915 3855 for con, 250 2970 for\n\nsales are reported of\n\nsome 200 pu» z+§3a $35. axording to youli'yi tor\n\nstar respos the inpert arket is dull, and the sy cecite of ajnost every article of consequenc\n\nEXPORTS\n\nSome port and perchases have hech made of Current Wayne at 53 aid at $35, deliverable within a short time, and the dealyts, in condequeue ef these car suctions, diansol to halit out for\n\nwho are asking\n\nall\n\nATE i was on nnivated by the Coosal to the nester of puncher lovela, No. 13, who came to the\n\nthe head of the Bat is a masterly mac, written 1s turning over some old numbers of the Bombay 661 and R 280 for 7 day for intelligence, and to state that his friend with great precision of myle and chee adherence Saliole had determined to posed to Maces to the street, the nority of which is wis mate has reference to a portion of 1845, bus what par- and aaolib in Ali to 27.063 paces, at 28 a 250) kr 20 in Jantalons There is a nud\n\nAMMAN DosThe sales at Strille during the muath Times, we came upon the following Table, while | having already lifted his chor and dropped down\n\nhave been chify to speculators, sist at reddoud cas, beinn the Chinese slipping. He declined to sedemies meal facts or elstituting me writing for\n\nthe occasion for building ignory theorica on tin dues not appear: we presume the second yards, and Ste 8 for 40 yards ads. Jeans in deal of Zeb stored by the hoitors, wh in of be wrew on shôn, thas hicing meressary, So, through his end of No. 18, he admitted the account of what occurred as given by the villagers to be the correst one, Balíolo profossing to have been fortarly misle by us men, whic\n\nder to adnit their having originatel tie bmw! to explain ia cause addo that the fact of having been accompanied by other foreigners when he wont ca love, we quite true. Hugh he paser entire, instead of setveting extracts,\" Do future occasion we shall rotund to the Trimes died to ten it in Instant to the tone, which contaio, jesides a peer on the Cons?\n\nquarter. Fet however that my be, the Table is exacu-10 pieces sold a 24 Sheraz no. 92, and me purchases have been made for the gland shows the fuss Mail to have even then kedator Ya Phu sales of English have been 1,500 beets 4293 per post; but the demand for\n\nthing doinu-prices nominal ut 2875.\n\nat $1- and titereabouts Pampanga ustayed haw fourth aring thirteen Oriental Papers published holes-N 10 24, 25869308.30 24 a 53, 3154 Aussaat stack at present, and my voels loading fac\n\nand 2389 h 348 Prosent etiel: 214 bales. 1583 gameICT.\n\nsubstantial informou, after a fashion to com- mon with contributors to leaned Sueleties. In the hands of a more dxcursiva writer the matter of the present Esny would probably have van tiscale to the reader. spne out to twice the extent, withag! being so s\n\nAnether advantage of\n\nthis condensation is that it alles us to give the\n\n1 baca of 13lan Toy My Gutelaff, nahor on a sud\n\nOf course the authorities Have heard nothing jeet still lesa hiwe, by Dr Hesland, Chisere ince of Balin, who is not at all likely bentory and Phyridongy, which deserves more his purse to lacan, where the Governor of that Province would doubtless take the opportunity\n\nChua euch a cursory notice as we coull now give it clear up the ocenities of the Probation Medines prices to dab of the Acquisiting of After intercinetory crvation Me pomulgated in the Buiesim do Governo, about retine sa sinar waning was kained by the British Penitentiary. Gdy stray anherz\n\nin India, China, and the Straits.\n\nProportion of Mulder extreeter tos: forces\n\n·291530: 98 n\n\nagain bal at the slave Salsa rebutted of avern: thousand pieuse at $56 factiu leur than . A quantity is d by the agent of the Proridin wines, whie cold sobald he bought at tia fast gantalin, although half\n\nreal atov: iced.\n\nTIG: last year. 500 les Amerings Ware sold in the mara of bugs the monais at 278 21350 for No. 15 25. WOODLES% little macul-2000 CDs States STRIFE have been told als\n\nIhre 16-20\n\nNarning Wipers in the west of the Judía, la volează, (Auvny a portion of 1849.)\n\n(Fam \"De Benley Tim, Dersler 13, 1917.)\n\nReal Property in Chine?\" and apon this point Bombay Times. states, that \"real property can at pressul only bo\n\nTelegraph & Courlo\",\n\nCalzata Englishman. Bungal (erkara-\n\n*\n\n5\n\n161\n\n210\n\nCaldarts Star,...\n\nf\n\n201\n\n+\n\n39\n\nKornelion Adverker\n\n고금\n\n11\n\nPolestar reis us, and the one coursising acquiend in three ways: first, be cultivation of deteran's Garaute. e last we ever saw, but the following which is include the acquisiti at uredeene\n\nundecuplet land; Borondly, by peclan in Pelli Ovetto... cantation appeared some tee sgu in the long kong Register :--\n\nhaving ge in the age of groeihener the Durer of the Province that in the service with at tantras fion this plats are ongesel, of co- jader in vessels traslug to the porta the thing, for the past of delending in Pro. die wurks of g\n\nChina Mail.\n\nmortgagel property); and thirdly, by her Madras Atheneum, tance. Leaving the sued and third \"modes of ! acquisition to be trwalod of separately, under the bead of * Alienation,\" he proceeds to give soul of Chien,\n\nHongkong Register, hatance of the general law of China (extracto from various edes published under Imperial Barton Times...\n\nwhich are not actionlead he lay, and Pales have givet e.\n\nfpirates, cords have bras exited authority), m Aequisition by Culfiration. After\n\n* In Chian Kril, No 197. Sept. 14, wer'sly invite.\n\n! China Mail, September 7.\n\nA 5 -- 90 per plaerd at 1850 a 2800. Im Knave deed. We queurial 08701 SP, A390 ta ya The salos Save beat 1930 Pea, of the farmest, and Yana a latur\n\n\"Nasking driers nominal 4 205\n\nTA, and 225 209 far week. Its gada log.\n\nBOBALPVEU06 13535.\n\nALEPAT TROY Xatrod and Jiren 45203 N§; Bar, 3830 m\n\nas wort 78 TIX AT-88850 AR-5.\n\nGemasan.de ius a Kp. Ciarhed 1255 a 15§. CORRAL Large alankuminal at 1663 3 Java, Hd 170 for 3 aniran\n\nBain\n\nmal 9,000 plead at 2420 5 HATTAN--Saosing-imports beavy petendo! In Log-fanjarawing 38 - 3950; Stratis 2930 u 3520:\n\nTater %%n@.”\n\npics have been sold at 10 a 3550 Jo is sxluble.\n\nPercur§51) er. 85.\n\nCurcu-24 a 550\"\n\nSANDAL Wonoce have boon heavy riports, but\n\nSAWAY WOO-Good straight wood has born lakes at $5 per perl, but fur lately. nat.\n\nnta $15 le askot. There Jvc bc reosive.i fron, in Pravdary ¿e le les active it was",
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    {
        "id": 233578,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-043 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [7-12]",
        "page_number": 87,
        "title": "CO129-043 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [7-12]",
        "content_text": "264-44\n\nSHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.\n\nwww.www.megan, qh lates\n\nARRIVALS.\n\nSINCE DESPATCH OF THE 24 MAY MAIL.\n\nOverland China Mail.\n\nDate Pum\n\nDen $er. Stenovus\n\nOne S !Behnored\n\nJau\n\n18-\n\nCheroke\n\nCartuche\n\nPak\n\nCors: Captain\n\nflort\n\nVESSELS EXPECTED FROM GREAT BRITAIN.\n\nFor Date o\n\nYcreet\n\nTona Caption Fer Date\n\nMiglingala\n\nbul\n\nHongme Mar Hon. Calenpor Mangbee Dar 201 Hell Shtime Mar J Ack Angka Mar 3\n\nRaynes Armstrong! Elliatt\n\nLenentan\n\nBague De £!'hiv, Hougkops Nov\n\nHongkong Jati 19\n\natches Jonghu Tar si\n\nsi (Langley Mong PE 12.\n\nA sumar\n\nPin\n\n376 Waizer\n\nTiongkong\n\nng\n\nPetcher\n\nHongkong\n\n238 Briard\n\nDZWO\n\nVest You Codin For\n\nRobertson chigong Bar Lie Neundan\n\nHeaton sanghae Ma 1.298 Mer Stangha Mart\n\nnetrad Bengkung Mar 26 New Margaret 411 Boycy 55 leunington Shanghae Mur 50,- Pheussischer ge Blog\n\n417Hide Staoglue Feb 36$. Mansion 5:2 Nart.. Staugae ab ar. Greet cu\n\nStanglac 27 Snegliae Ape û 91ic. Becret\n\nSea Witek\n\nJolm: Kaux\n\nGraco City\n\n771 Leark\n\nBenrity\n\nEika Mutre\n\nFeb\n\nFeb 12\n\nCo\n\nHello Sy..\n\nKi\n\n6. Pottieser Birmarel:\n\nMar Mor\n\nPatna\n\nsigh\n\ntroughong Jan 10 Ben. Welingrân\n\nJohn\n\nCoa, uf Sen beld W. S. Lim.KAY\n\nsüt Tromson Langlang Pab di vo 4% Tanes baugme\n\nBelipso\".\n\nbut anh\n\nKis Laing\n\n92\n\nkong Mariangelne\n\nHoogkong Mar 17 İNru. Dodustule\n\n49 Worm Hongkong || Mar\n\nàyne\n\nShininJan 17 Dar. Fanie\n\nYau Groom) Jarbor, M. de Co Trend Ca Wion,\n\nFiered G\n\nCo\n\nWm. Pau\n\nW.H. Wordler cour\n\nWolia M. & Q5 May 17- B.&O.. N. C\n\nJ. I. ¿'linad\n\nUrdat\n\nJ. 1. do 03or:\n\nTrench Co Estetaan & Co\n\nBLONDER)\n\nCala\n\nBuca\n\n2:2 Full\n\nShund\n\nHongkong\n\nII Chi\n\nYus forming Lerik, kuenden 229, Linuojuel Swu éwawi me, theriyus die, Moon Sea. Sederbad Fort, traumalla Dor. Parruch\n\nBRITISH AND AMERICAN MEN OF WAR ON THE EAST INDIA AND CHINA STATION.\n\nCommander\n\nGavated\n\nAnder\n\nOrsetted\n\nDATX\n\nExot\n\nDEPAR TOKKB\n\nMayonskor Phonic\n\n34\n\n5\n\nFlying Childers B. ix Celestial\n\nBraga 2012 sen ZH iloves\n\nFrancised ja\n\nkallast\n\nWet&Co\n\nLiverpool\n\nNov /Guntrak,\n\n3. al.\n\n249 Rayons\n\nIlves1\n\nBG\n\nJA.\n\n507 Levi\n\nicelan\n\n20\n\nNo: ab.\n\nCża Helbeke\n\nHartlepool\n\n32\n\n++\n\nAn THius\n\nCoverg\n\nSingapore\n\nJan E¡Gustural Nov 24 Lends\" May 14 lee\n\nZiran 2\n\nW. Const ill s\n\nGoldan Che A. sh.134 Dist\n\nLandly hi, Wounds atr. Maison\n\nMay 26 - Jo Ga\n\nLiverpool\n\nFab 19Gem!\n\n19an Poncised Apr reallast\n\nSangue\n\nS\n\n+49:01·Leonard\n\n¡Bay\n\nkat pium\n\n21:00\n\nT\n\n214 D'Aleida\n\nPenning\n\nApries\n\n- A\n\nSau Jeso\n\n20 Lu\n\n[+\n\n8 Torreir\n\nStreis\n\nApe 14 ice ¡2.jee\n\n25 Whampoa David Clarke\n\n45\n\n0.\n\nBoxe\n\nJay\n\nGan\n\nLE\n\nSt Peters\n\nArraca\n\nPan 28 Costor\n\nRice\n\nNalip\n\nClase Guns Trew Brit.\n\nName\n\nClam Gun Tops Low\n\n72 Body\n\nBunray\n\nJessi Pereira B. Lx\n\n16 Marsh\n\nBanpos\n\n2; Ali\n\nJenna Caro.1.\n\nBerfold\n\nBar Cocter\n\nSundries\n\nA 14:Bendrica\n\nP. F. Cain & Cy Order\n\nBRITISH\n\nBRITISH\n\nTai C\n\nAF\n\nShip\n\nMatter Banith (efing,\n\nShanghai\n\ng 45 Lange\n\nBolazy\n\nFcb 10 pina\n\ncaptain\n\nBittern\n\nvig\n\n$84\n\nCom A. W. Yansittact\n\n10\n\nJu\n\n011\n\nLaurie' Balicali\n\nB. ba\n\nCrockett Kombay 59 12 Watumists W. C.\n\nFeb Rium\n\nJardin\n\nContri\n\nBrig\n\n12 43% 25 1 Cun. Hon. J. W. S. Space 7\n\n199\n\nReyalist\n\n8 Sixp\n\n212 Sojanecdert Str.\n\nfi ... Berp\n\n65 1839 'em. W, Belts\n\nDay 07: Elman\n\n5\n\nBis\n\nAm. Mr Balest\n\nBread Co\n\nTAGSENGERS, Per\n\nPer Colonial. A cod bhas Charice Duckton put infant daughter, Messrs Boyd, and Block and, Per ride fr, Celoni Pore, and losers D. O. Dark, and J. De Wits. Per Fady Mary captain Tronson, J., Nesses Rabes, Shortreve, Heard, King, and Chinɔm.\n\nDaring\" Elentra T+1\n\n42%\n\n19\n\nCom. 7. J. Napier\n\n1898\n\nBaita::\n\nSip\n\n23\n\nSis 230\n\nCanta W, Hoste\n\nNHB\n\nBg\n\n4:57 12)\n\nCem. W. Kris\n\n780%\n\nSPLIONS\n\nStr.\n\nLE 1846 Com\n\nLAG\n\nShiz\n\n105 210 120\n\nCom. G. R. Lanaburi\n\nWodiczter Ship 147\n\n420\n\nCapt. C. F. A. Shadwell\n\nip\n\n1840\n\nFastig\n\nShip\n\n2615 186\n\nCara. F. W. Aurten\n\nAMERICAN\n\nmed\n\nITevises\n\nStr.\n\n120 126 Com. E. G. Fishbourne\n\n1648\n\nCaprice\n\nParque\n\ndoo Maury\n\ntirig\n\n1127\n\n12\n\n4.32 15\n\nAliveīsalçıpl\n\nStr. F.8, 10\n\n1700\n\n375\n\nCom Lous\n\nAndent\n\n4.p\n\n2721\n\n1310 DR. A. Mukim\n\n1846\n\nPlymou\n\nSlov\n\n1843 John Kelly\n\n1801\n\nRapid\n\nBrte\n\n3.1\n\nSo 130 Com Gen. Nac\n\nT\n\nEratoga\n\n81002\n\n144 1\n\n90\n\nW. S Walker\n\n1270\n\nTatile\n\nSo str.\n\n18 Com. A. Match\n\n30\n\n1840. S'ell\n\n1952\n\nMay 23ongky Lady Rees jhko Maieuberg\n\nG. v. genderp Ds. bur\n\nKoi-noor\n\nHospital Slip\n\nBare p\n\n20 Hure-power\n\no Horse-Fɔwer.\n\n(kusgoobnua4Str. F.S 3 800\n\n2000 power.\n\n330 1950 Commodore Perry\n\n1950\n\nHerse power.\n\n** SUL Herse-power.\n\nDEPARTURES.\n\nDATX\n\nFRON\n\nVAL\n\nELAN & IGHB\n\nCaraly\n\nSTIVATION\n\nCanon\n\nDEPA\n\nstu 950 19\n\nSan Francisco Stor Horny, &c Mail,\n\nw\n\n34 You Jan\n\nSan Francisco\n\nJI\n\nico peripe\n\nStrunk's Dir\n\nkundziew\n\nHady Montigo 1\n\nTaga\n\n1. sis\n\nB. b4\n\nZarty Bird\n\nSir w. ityar 3. bk.\n\nItesario\n\nJoan N. Goderia\n\n200 evas\n\nWhitmore Mardin\n\n253 Price\n\nBeg\n\n21.0 Ston\n\nSp. ba\n\n31.7 Bowe\n\nJula Pauwerk VA lil.\n\n266 Muhd\n\n140 Boyrip\n\nEarn\n\n'catalin\n\nMEN\n\nBentzles\n\nMila\n\nSundrea\n\nmariva\n\nSundelez\n\nSandries\n\nBe Protesco umiries\n\nSAD Trance 8.ndries\n\nTale\n\nMaria\n\nSundrica\n\nAusie. ». Apore Munzirtes\n\nja\n\nSundries\n\nMeyer, Schaefer & Co P. & 0, St. M. Ca Meyer. Builofer & Co Join Rand Jaudkes, Nalmaq de lín Rawls, Driker and Co Jarilise, Mathcada Sela (Williams, A. min Williams, and Co Williamra, A. and Co\n\nJ. F. Ber\n\nW.Just 5 Co\n\ni Lyall, Stil und Ce\n\nSuch in Grant Britain'\n\n& freund in 53, 1854.3 Arrived between Merl) &i,to 13 Vests Alat-ailed in Aug. 10. bo. Sugi.\n\nCristes\n\n¡P. & G. N. St. C\n\nLyall,\n\nand Go\n\nDa.\n\nDo. Oct,\n\nCuilas\n\nDoliny\n\n¡W. M. Kabinet\n\nDo\n\nD\n\nNay\n\nNew York Teas, de Stamarang\n\n1 Bukin, Rawson A. Co\n\nDo.\n\nDo De\n\nSundrea\n\nander & Allansir\n\n10\n\nIro Jan\n\n10\n\nDr. Pcb.\n\nLecche\n\nThe\n\n1) Mar.\n\nDo.\n\nDo Apr.\n\nLjudesy ui Co\n\n500\n\ntin. Sanderson\n\n13 430 150 tâneo Tu\n\n203\n\nSTOCK OF TEA IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, WITH CARGOES AFLOAT.\n\nVend\n\nYalny\n\nDate\n\nStiy\n\nD\n\nBram\n\nDESTINATION.\n\nradi\n\nYear ending Juro M. 1545.....\n\nming\n\n100\n\nSecried\n\n::\n\n14:52:52\n\nby, Young Hyeon! Tirowkay\n\ntóny! erro\n\nPrze\n\nNo58.\n\nMiscellaneous\n\n977b Hong, \n\nRECEIVED\n\nOct 4 1853\n\n6) Vietnia, -\n\nchun sama\n\nW..\n\nUG.\n\nto the Secretary of State for the Colonies, by the Mail Steamer Krin\", via Bouthampton, on the 6. Auquet,/558. 85\n\n#f3en Date of Des\n\nJoint Jhark\n\nGece Fonda\n\n54. Inly\n\nB0,772,000\n\n7,580,000\n\n4,124,00\n\nF48,00\n\n2,619,600\n\n1,243,800\n\n1.569,500\n\n7,864.700\n\n5.978.900\n\n8,869,200\n\n3.254,700 163,313,200\n\n18,656\n\nTula)\n\nTegal\n\nGreen\n\nEl\n\n13,312,K.\n\n34,252,43,099,99\n\n18,905\n\n921), 24\n\n14, 26.\n\n4,930,! \n\nAJB, 150\n\n178,3M:\n\n167,500\n\n978,061,109,300 3,035,502\n\nvakavi\n\n1,2W0\n\n18.245.uggl\n\n37Vessels 0,180,59%) 150,000;2,0ves, 87,300 2,546,500; 1908,3046!\n\n1,41%), LAIL\n\n11\n\n4,831 Cur\n\n7:00+00\n\n23,852, ¿IKO\n\n6,519,701.3\n\nEXPORT OF TEA TO THE UNITED STATES.\n\niyenyon Tarkay terroristu\n\nYear ending Jun: 130, 131415, in 417960k 8,635,931| 9815,400\n\n1 car evang June, 1817.37 3,00,995 781,76914,501,018|0,013,$70| 924,4.41,824,8:20 2,045,00 Year Paling June 10, H, h. Verds S.C25,485.9,55,166,600 Year goding June 26, 18-1 Year ending June 30.18otie 14 Yousoleuf DIN1,600 2,067,201|| 12.0 p1,900 $2,700 2,515,700) $12,00 Your cording detan Shah ve 64 Vessel SABLJAK|| AST,100 3, 82,300ft,neaky MA202,159,0 2,304,0 WED, 290,800 207.58, tur Year ending June 9,3£22, Vasels 1091,500) 13,062,60,500 1,989,101,196,439,099, övera 937,000) 12.aw) 11.200\n\n1105,50 47,290) 101,400 118,40% as wel 198,3 57,70%! 273,100 411,200 302,690 15,441 155109/ 2,555, 353.40 47,200 500,16: 41.340 01, 2,476,204|| 270,200 74.90 245,400 249,900 2,345,292,200 371,274,704, 204,00 400,709 776,90al 378,20\n\n14,2011\n\n8,0\n\n2004, 246,00 97,50) 57, K 21.00 97,800, 904.400 - 3000G\n\nMar **Revenue\n\n¡Eston\n\nSea Witchy\n\n¡New York\n\nNew York\n\nb.2012\n\n1,896, 14.700 44.GUR\n\n36,500t\n\n151,5M\n\n39, 40\n\n00\n\n1,36,456\n\n2.Wiki,617\n\n13.07%,300 21,757,200 296)\n\n$4.594,\n\n1,JOE\n\n2,3, 6,159,100 4,501,1.\n\n55.\n\n56.\n\n7.244.51\n\nJuly\n\nJu Vych\n\n$8.5042\n\n27,00\n\n34,0\n\nCo\n\nAug.\n\nTu Vessele\n\n40,900\n\n1,2%.\n\ntic natey, de\n\nTr.day\n\nBe t\n\nIn 11 Vecia\n\n€1,800\n\n1,506,140\n\nOct\n\nLบ 14 Sessi\n\n15.15.0\n\n1:52.94\n\n4,193,200\n\nwhating\n\n12,00\n\n6,84,100\n\nDec.\n\nIn\n\nVossala\n\n1.\n\n94,\n\nAIGAO 1,414,00\n\nG\n\nFoyle 90 Cc San Frat.Disco\n\nSuriy\n\nJaci\n\n¡En 5 Praxel\n\n5,900 72,200\n\n2,58,30\n\n3.ub. In wasal\n\n834,4\n\n103,20\n\n24912,000\n\n147,241\n\nBartine Meeson&Coj\n\nYork\n\n258,700\n\n21,700\n\nGO 20,0\n\nTESKON\n\n844,\n\nVISNO\n\ndoan Buland Co\n\n4 Ca\n\nNew York\n\nID, BL\n\n19,000)\n\n1,5 127,340\n\n915,86\n\n523,800\n\nWii, A. and Co\n\nJis, Bou\n\n14:24\n\n49\n\n12.00\n\n4/48,500!\n\n45:00 422,50\n\n1\n\nMeyer, Selmater & Qujan Francis\n\nEndy\n\nFeeler Ca\n\nA. Bucicaam\n\n139,400\n\n3.200\n\n1.500\n\nLK E\n\n2,4 $22.00\n\n144.400\n\n351:20)\n\n46.7.0\n\n57.\n\nJa, St. and Co\n\nManito\n\n- feeluni\n\nNew York\n\n31,0\n\n1,3lish\n\n150,500\n\n11,2\n\n$1,20\n\nDidt\n\nNew York\n\n21,410\n\n117600\n\n01:00\n\n371, 2,00\n\nKurrow,Birghezzon Oc\n\nMeyer, Seluster & Co San FrancİKL\n\nEarly\n\n¡N. Duss and Co\n\n+\n\nԴր\n\nballs!\n\n15, 20\n\n248.11.\n\n295,\n\n212.20\n\n45.50\n\n¡M. 11. Wardley Co\n\n3 Ban Rose-\n\nNew York\n\n163-30\n\n18,710\n\n22,\n\n6.4.\n\nSeek\n\n6.700\n\n429.00\n\n1527.200\n\n96.950\n\nin. Wsorberry\n\nW. Pestan & Co\n\nWahl Pigeon\n\nNew Yor\n\n65,8!\n\nBIN\n\n71,700\n\n10\n\nPn.30y\n\n564.00\n\nLindany w Co\n\nLondon\n\nLotus\n\nNew York\n\n234.50\n\nF16 X\n\n54,301\n\n517,420\n\nInner and Co\n\nGallegof\n\nNew York\n\n193,4'\n\n1.700 7,300\n\nJSYAR\n\n196,700\n\n208.94\n\nGb, Livingsum & Liverno\n\nEmly\n\nRaduga\n\nNew York\n\n12,406\n\n3,100....\n\n400,\n\nts,\n\n615,00\n\nG. T Stem\n\nJLikecll mil C\n\nJarding, Mathes\n\nSingapore turbalia\n\nMay 14 Talbot\n\nNem Vorle\n\n2.200\n\n17,300,\n\nEarly\n\n18161\n\nJuded at Stanghee.\n\n1.300\n\nING,2017\n\n200,500\n\n3,300\n\n¡Schrautarn & Co\n\nCartowitz.flurkert Coj mautta\n\nLay and o\n\nTumor and co\n\nRrrreal\n\n1:41\n\n8p. 1-43 Ulus\n\n10. NET.\n\nKare Sharri b 512 Man\n\nMay 24-is an Empresa\n\nFenux. 416 Whil\n\n231 165ponze.ac Walton A. 201\n\nBulky\n\nDermagsabazzi Da, sixj 959 Vastenina\n\nJan Van Horn Da. 179 Benten\n\n..trees\n\nzy\n\n16 Woczung! Miselcelppi\n\n17\n\n2P\n\nKatalin\n\nvia Mundzes\n\nunehanna 11.8.9 25% lonera Parryit sunlamı\n\ngenia\n\nPr. s. 7t4 F\n\nJoin\n\nTens, c\n\nPASSENGERS—Pur Hominyu, Capt, Hall, Mef. K. Tuskermor. Per Katherina Süero, bir z. E.. Kizlječi.\n\ncob..\n\nAT-\n\nAlongn\n\nreliset\n\nAudax\n\nAUDIA\n\nBeri: pote\n\nEsaigral\n\nFalcon\n\nFlying Childars\n\nGon\n\nGolden Caça\n\nHerald\n\nJejuna Bee\n\nLady Evalu\n\nLaly M. Weg\n\nHaJeppa\n\nMaja odto\n\nMors\n\nNanoy\n\nIleac of aren\n\nRouverain\n\nB-L-cred\n\nUidi\n\nT\n\nVeronica\n\nW. Ucnnal\n\nIny\n\nAsa Thor\n\nChallonge\n\nDavid Marke\n\nDoc Rivardu\n\nEmelie\n\nБылаа\n\nFrancs Barclay\n\nGulpero Mentury\n\nITerus die NW\n\nJeminreira Jena' GEL Jas\n\nLbon\n\nivek\n\nMaya Dam\n\nMeimpelis\n\nOriss\n\nPet Eutojen\n\nPinen!\n\nRichari sop\n\nSex Queca\n\nSHIPPING IN CHINA WATERS.\n\nMERCHANT VESSELS.\n\nTHE FACTORS CAPTAIN. Area, BC,\n\nHngkor May itim. 55 E\n\nMaashi 975 deng 4. 110 over\n\n450 Venuscherz\n\nMay 15\n\nMay Is B.\n\n5. 663 kl\n\nTur 25 B.\n\nsh. 355 Raviour\n\nApr 27: sher\n\n61 377 alty\n\nBay $44. k. Hey\n\nMay 29, Shaя\n\nJune 2A. sh. 3340 Bareo At A\n\n65 Terry\n\nJibon 't. ar 191\n\nJNre a tJ\n\nIN. DAS Ca\n\nRawle, Drinker and Cane Frer Chart Paine, Maxou den. Wenn\n\nA.Lubeck Cu\n\nyil,Sti. and Co\n\n*J, J. Edger\n\nThuer und Co\n\nJardine, Matheuve: 4: Cul\n\nJakina, Aluthor:\n\nP. & D. st. N. Co\n\nwittim., A. & Cu\n\n¡A. Lubank & Co\n\nFaviana Frans and Cɔ\n\nTape 101 24 Clefai\n\nJou 6. str. Con Jamasen\n\nJame 4:35. f. 103 tyrio\n\nMay 18, 74 Mellin May 24:Cai.b\n\n300 Barg\n\n¡May 17 bg. 21 Nerdquest\n\nAp: 261 475 Thompson May ar Nor.si.. 823 reson 'May ajšp. 19. 250 Tur\n\nMayo sa 626 Ten111 5. Si Welase Jure. 28 M'Cteory\n\nDesing-moon May\n\nBy.x\n\nWhampoa dupa 2 Dana 95 cultura\n\nMay 31.81752 Pitte Stay 25'6.\n\nan, 502 boyd\n\nMaj 50 B. 28. Wakla\n\n3lay 19:59 bg 242 Thomann\n\nMay Mia, kud\n\nMay 1:23. Wh 240 Konn:beer\n\nMas va, bl: 26 Lucas\n\nMAD. 2:40 Clack\n\nMay 25 8. 5. 353 Hunt\n\nMay . b. March\n\n9 415 Donald\n\nWay\n\nR. ab. 420 Vibor\n\njay\n\nLiza 20 Peters\n\nb. p. 66 SCHE\n\nMy 57, R. sh. 760 Brady\n\nMay 2 4 Lange Linne is\n\nat.cwis\n\n14pe 22/18. 15\n\n499 ¿Montgomery\n\nGure remeti 300 iseen\n\nMay 25 A Asli and Kenny\n\nMay 3 3a obertson\n\nMay 20\n\nals 99 Wilia\n\n[16. Coast A. May jit. by: 197 Naker\n\nAlay 10p, bk. 360 Tavas\n\nMay 2: Dec 192 Wasangst\n\nM1 Jodi\n\n3.\n\n5.May ja. EN. g & lor\n\nSt Au\n\nAlligator\n\nAniste\n\nBalkan\n\nVide\n\nBefo\n\nDrury\n\nMay A TH\n\n20 Andrew\n\nLaunont\n\nMay 31 13\n\nElemir Lucas! hi\n\n-Batower in 13.\n\nLiz.\n\n124 Lcdre\n\nEz\n\nMay 7.\n\nhg.\n\n14 no\n\nJax 3 B\n\nwh\n\nHalaraw\n\nDe\n\nB\n\nez\n\n18 Fitzgibbon\n\n4. Dem 15.\n\n142 Buil\n\nIna\n\nWANAN\n\n1 El\n\nDownu\n\nP. & 0.5. N. Co\n\nA. Lübeck and Ko\n\nOrder\n\n[ja. P. Carusomt 40\n\nund Co\n\nRcbinet\n\nIr. 1. Cama & Bo\n\nNye, Fakir & Co\n\nRusciana Cu\n\nAmy\n\nerly\n\nAtamila\n\nFarly\n\nMelce,\n\nsurrow, Stephenson Vel Bombay\n\nAm. Petru Co\n\nBBC and Co\n\nTait and Ce\n\n20 John Wade\n\nI\n\nAprilract\n\nNew York\n\nTh TY. Seera;\n\nNew York\n\n¡Destin\n\nDAU!\n\nSla\n\nEXPORT OF TEA AND RAW SILK TO GREAT BRITAIN.\n\nBicit rankay\n\nCongelachquả\n\nSONYLA\n\nCz\n\nImperial\n\nTo'Aj\n\nTon!\n\nBIALL\n\nBALKA\n\n51,300.2,338, 741046, 7:446,2 1,569,500243\n\nYear 1848-4, in 97 Vessels),733.800. 1,315,200 510,900 220,900,150.00 484,200 342,000), 495, 200l9,353,!,276, wo 400 CLARO, MANA 8,074, skr50,513.āku Y1844-5, DG Vessel 33.74400 2,591,601,387,300 097,9:101, F20, 300, 459,00042319,800 2, 159, 102,500, 3302, 112, 160, 1, 92, 949, 3815,56941,373,0 17, 198,900 53.37 0,506 211,797 Year 14, 117 Vis[37,179,500 1,100 1,657.10 651.042,069,700 924,400 $7,000:33,398, 2005.1001,104,000 2,537,1924.06,30:12.562,100,584,18, 1 car 1946-7, in LUG 4.1%) 1,445,0 0:07:2,001,588,000; 915,000, #8,19,259,900 10,001,450 500 60,00 9.us400/45.51.000 7.964\n\n$11,500 1,108, U 20:7031027.10.48.600 735,100 3,1902,104,00 Ven 1847-8, 92 Vesanit (38,630.200 Vany lay-9, 19470 +0,2001,271,1 4,27,300,419,077,400 Year 1849-50, 48 Vol126,544,209, 1,291,271,919,600, 217,582, 455,500 65.000,00 Yr 120-5,-Catton-12760,4000 1,210,200,000 3,003,2015 11\n\nStangione, LR, MESEDI\n\njr\n\n0937%,6\n\n206.246 967.500\n\n16,498,00\n\n850,900\n\n9.00 729,90; 45.2.746.264\n\nTotal in 15 Varoda, 455, 32,000, 2,501.90.165.1716X: 3,328, 13.740\n\nYany ---Chalen,............\n\n$15,000$27,105 36, 783,508,479,20147,247,7\n\n12.00489,700,1,2 3,190, 0,961,800 JE, JEA 17.09.700 3,003,595,000 36,012,700 6,191,300|42,204,000 5,250 228.000 171,18) 133,MR1010,353,100 1,863,1,6:6,100 10 215.30 73300640005,10,65,60,601,181,290 64,990,10422, 147 ......TR 2012\n\nCanton S.ghae\n\n(€5,137,023,0\n\n34091,597,400, 4SATANG 2,6\n\n9,2,HI 5,734,60,659, 6,791,348 3,048,799/11,854,000 3,474\n\n117, 6, 7,168, 2\n\n4,104,20.3|| 4,759,EHN) 8,16%,2900\n\n637,200 1.566... |4.209,700 3,155,0 7,364,70 5,336 10 Apky 597.00 1,420 4,394,505. 39,904 1,263,20 2,46 199,368, 204, 96, ES,EMINAS, 4 L4,029,\n\n$28.00\n\n513,0\n\n434, 10)\n\n22.60202,100 3.254.2|| 12900\n\nB7000\n\n$56, ...\n\n376,000\n\n150,00 1.422,\n\n(0.52\n\nG.bh, Livingston & Ca\n\nWardley & Co\n\nNew York\n\nCont\n\nTato and Co\n\nBriey, W, und Co\n\nCaptai\n\nJ\n\nBergha\n\nHall and Co\n\nTotal 117 sela,\n\nEucas\n\nCo\n\nDHLARE\n\nGarland\n\nIndeper.Jones\n\nJoderns Cæsar\n\nFGT\n\nMur.daques\n\nMancia>\n\nNymph\n\nNacer\n\nRcoron\n\nBiz Camily\n\nBir Edw. Ryu\n\nByron\n\nZephyr\n\npr 50. 08. 23 Colema\n\nX.May:\n\nFob\n\n. ..59 Stock\n\nMay\n\n. b. 150Vidal\n\nMar 0. g.\n\nTing\n\nMay is. bb. 350 Beting\n\nMac 16. t. 10 Lows\n\nMay 13. J. 125 Morin\n\na Shouxime, ty, Wang, N. Ningen d. Aring, uh,\n\nVossel\n\nBorne Bouajve\n\nPort William\n\nPanill\n\nLady Hayes\n\nMay 29,line. B\n\n440 Banham\n\n69 barford\n\nSay 10. 1g 263 Ormakatt\n\nMay 189 56956\n\nThit and Go\n\nCaptain\n\nItail and Co\n\nFascine,Matles &\n\nByas. Muir Co Ja, Mai-aon& Cie!\n\nTalt and Co\n\nJaros, Msihçeot & Co\n\nTais and Co\n\nDens and Co\n\nJuly\n\nIn 1 Vercial\n\n0372\n\nWeat indicat\n\nAp\n\nTo 11 Ves ;\n\nali..\n\nSept\n\nIn 17 V\n\n9,90\n\nIz Vosz 7.146;\n\nNov.\n\nVeseli 2.108\n\n+\n\nDoc.\n\nIn 3 Vals\n\nIn 1 Veggla\n\n201\n\n72.\n\nJ Vessels\n\n4.2\n\nMar\n\n15 Vocala\n\n7,000;\n\nYes 3402\n\nyane, Muirà Ca\n\nOrder\n\nbg: 16 Wilson\n\nRussell and Co\n\nV. Basscon Sors & Cu Bombay\n\nAugustine Juarda l'o\n\nOrder\n\nCT: kumk\n\nApril\n\nsolong\n\n1ent and Co\n\nLeadco\n\nJayly\n\n»\n\n48\n\n7. helie\n\n160\n\nJarly\n\n» & Carib\n\n\"Jaro\n\nJu Cathayo\n\n4:03\n\nDent and Co\n\n\"DC of Walen\n\n12\n\nMay in\n\n<\n\nRECEIVING SNIPS.\n\nAs\n\nFig & Rig. Tors.\n\nCaptain\n\nJongkong\n\nB. sb. 20\n\n11: 124 M'Guer\n\nCum-sing moon\n\nI. b.\n\n1 bk.\n\n59 ¡Lmaley\n\nNinted\n\nII. Lik-\n\n20%\n\nRoper\n\n1. Hacon Sons\n\nHupp\n\nB\n\n313\n\n5. It. Endlalt\n\nPussel and Co\n\nSa {n}\n\nL\n\nWilkoa\n\nAgony\n\nStataw\n\nB\n\n2-57\n\nAu1tiran\n\nHongkong\n\nB. th\n\n213\n\n'Garrand\n\nDet ud Co\n\nEmigrant\n\nAmuy\n\nB. b.\n\n530\n\nTait std Co\n\n1.nd Antherst\n\nL\n\n940\n\nHetma\n\nFaddler\n\nB. 4.\n\n350\n\nHeriaquin\n\nChildbew\n\nD. b. 20 Miller\n\nIs\n\nR\n\n2 fing\n\n1\n\nAt:lea\n\nParchow-foo\n\nM\n\n2191tuly\n\nh\n\nManodio\n\nT\n\nCrawford\n\nHelku\n\nR. Lookong\n\n9.\n\n208 Pidge\n\nTorinte\n\n. 279 fall\n\nIndo\n\nWousing\n\n1.\n\n179 Nobio\n\nFunily Jane\n\nB.\n\n427 Lad\n\nPolkton\n\nEl.\n\n445 Jaoneoy\n\nk 34 D'Bascho\n\nMaybell\n\nB. MA\n\n296 pum\n\nMesci\n\ntierra\n\n. Ail.\n\nRoiun\n\n178 W. Endicott\n\nBuallow\n\nB. tk,\n\n343 Thompson\n\nExpen\n\n731\n\nB. z. 118 Anderwom\n\na\n\nJardine, Matheson Peninsula & Orivulet Steam in\n\nKowarjen R. Jaugrana\n\nAugustine Heard and Co\n\nCo\n\nconje Franjer Care and Co\n\narchie, Matheson and Cu\n\nDent and Co\n\nJapiline, Benthes & Co\n\nJudio, Faceso, rud Co\n\nand Co\n\nDen Co\n\nJ..2, Mashawin und Ch\n\nJavine, Motion and Co\n\nDent and Co\n\nCowaras Palace au Co\n\nJert, Deale & Co\n\nJardine, Afinato and Co\n\nP.D.. Carice fo\n\nCassomboy Katlinthoy and Ce\n\nD. Sasann Hona and lo\n\nRructeil Bad Co\n\nArgueting Heard and Co\n\nLay and Ca\n\n1831?\n\n1:reas in 1253-3...................\n\nPRICE CHINA MAIL. Weekly Per Anmut., Pratre Spanish Duttara; Six Months. Seven Dadare: Phoca Monian, Four Dollary;—all parable la\n\nSheription will be considered us renewed, animus notice to the contrary to giron a mouth before the expiry of the current w\n\nadvance.\n\nTERMS OF ADVERTISING.--YƏ SUB258, Five Lines and under, One Spanish Dollar; each additional Line. Twenty One One half of theas Chargin\n\nfor Repetitions Advertisements will aut be repesind unless ordered, but she will be potinued, at the same rate, to the OVERLAND issues, during as our rency of the\n\nLe ordered.\n\nPKTUE OF THE OVERLAND CHINA MAIL, Twice a Month, To Subscribers to the Weekly Paper, Bght Epanish Dollars; To Nam-subscriberk te Weekly Papar, Tweler Dollars.\n\nBtrect.\n\nAGENTS-In London, W. H. Allen & Co. Leade¤hall Street, Prabhure Algan, 11 Clement's Lane, Lombard Street in Futaburgh, BossTION & SOUz7, 38190780\n\nFrimied and futuished up Azurew 52JE12105 Hougang\n\nQwner's\n\n67\n\nJubject & despatch.\n\nDuplicates.\n\n1853\n\nTransmitting Schedule of Despatches addressed to\n\nthe Secretary of State\n\nfor\n\nthe Colonies, during the half\n\nDic\n\nyear ending 30th June, 1853.\n\n18 Transmitting\n\nLists of M\n\nMembers of the Excentive\n\nand Legislative Councils of thoughting, for the half\n\nyear ending sot June 1953.\n\nað. Allirovledging receipt potis Cancer liventions\n\nof 320, and 95° May, 1853\n\n2 Transmitting\n\na Memorial from Mr\n\nAnnew Shortrele to the addren of this bance\n\nau Action\n\nfor\n\nprespecting against him\n\nlibh bought\n\nMud Lawson, late second\n\nAfpiece of the late Steamer Larriston\"\n\nWhone",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-043 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [7-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 238103,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-054 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [1-2]",
        "page_number": 282,
        "title": "CO129-054 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [1-2]",
        "content_text": "277\n\nà patrimonio, y se retiró al desierto, huyendo de regustos que atenta para la asisrocia la persecación que por entonces auttien los crisis surtos de la Real Lutera D. Patricio tion-tianos, allé una gran cuesa, cuya entrada zalezy Ulloqui y D. Francisco (:tega! crezia saa palina, fa unai le sumioíuró rentida l\n\ncon sus bujaj Aluntato com su frula, y eus } Lista de los pasageres llegados en la \n\n2 \n\nla espediuina del mar de Azof, os à la verfigacion rusa da Berlin, y pernouus de alta la llave de bóveda que cierra la grande opera cuenta en el ejército moscovita, con el objeto cionalitar ungo objeto tinat no es ciro que te que lo ilustre y is de su opinen aserca couplets ocupacion de la Crimea, y una amet la verdaders situacion de los negocios de ia feara terrible catrs la Besarabia, contra el cuiquerra, y de las probabilidades de éxito qua \n\npuede ofrecer la defensa de la Crimea y del im. \n\n12350 \n\nLebida erga de un arengo que salia dol, centro de la misma cogva. Pasiba los dias agata espaula Hagnolia. \n\nComisarin de Guera, D. las noches en la contemplacion de las cosas divinaa, y en esta soledad y pobreza se ter hijos de menor edad y sua criada: Capitan de Trugilio, con su ora apesa, una hija cuatro por ma feliz que los Principes Infanteria, D. José Marins, cos su eepra es sos palacios. Dios inspiré à S. Aquia que la fueso á visitar, y despues de hischer comido y os tres bijes Empleados de Hacienda, Don vaelt \n\nñade do los Angeles, cuyo glorioso tràosito sa- cedó el 15 de Enero dei suo de 345. \n\nSANTO DE MAÑANA. \n\nSAN REBARING T COMPAÑEROS MARTIO59, \n\nPARTE MILITAR Y DE MARINA. \n\nORDEN GENERAL DE LA PLAZA DEL 14 AL 15 \n\nEN DE 183. \n\nmes edad. \n\nKamon Ridriguez barcado los 30,000 aliados que ban desem-jteria 90 aquellas regiones, Esta cousu,ta de s tarau aun con nuevas divisiones, han tomada yati es el menos la aterpretacion que eu Alema Eupatoria, cuyas fuerzas dicese que se aume-dis peligro que amacazan \n\ny tomado posicion en las cercanías dicatativos ba side la cual evidento de los la vetta de Talasi, villa sita en la ruta quaje y en toda Europa se ha dado à evš pazo aquelia polauciu. \n\nconduce desde #aqual puerto à Simpberoput, RA IN \n\nEn tal situacion, amenszado de cerea por on \n\nhombres, bajo \n\ndado gracias, le wand qua facea por el moto 1). Risa v Yasquez, D. Joaquin res y mioutras que el grueso del ejército de operacio vereitas trinnfables en la Crimea, que de S. Atanasio pare enterrarse; y cuando vej., Querol y D. Francisco Piñol: Tepicute de Cajon, el que pranuco el asedio y ef afalto de retenden copar á los del principe GoersCILAKOFT, via S. Autonio da cumpir su entury, vi snel de Artilleria D. Jusé Pazos con za spate, el mando iuausdinto del partscal PELISSIE agar á la Península trachando y apudanda \n\nrabineros, D. Leonardo Castello: Teaiune Coro Sebastopol, fuorts de nos 80,000 bir el alioa de angairo Santo al cielo acompados hijos de mayor dad ? une criada: aleate nuc!a & movimiento u 18 direct delala garganta en Perssop; teniendo eufrenta da \n\nde Arutleria, D. Julian Tejero, coa ru espass Helback, con el visible intento de cerew \n\ndel alin y dos bijes de menor edad: artilleros, echo: par tresbar cada vez mas á ja trepas del principencen ya panin inaccesible à sas fuegos en aque alanss puertos una finis sio rival, cuyas poders- cercar y es- ticulares, D. Jo-é Parts, D. Antonio Alvarez GonsenALOFF. Los resultados de esta doblo las costas, dicasa que el Cran abriga pensa- \n\n61s navios y cuyas terribles bombardas no co Amalia Foutela del Pac, cen ma hija triple operacion combinada y concéntrica de las mientos de par, y que aspira a reanudar las \n\ntrepas invasoras y te la marina, co puedea mégociaciones en las cortes germanicas. Pero esta pas de ver funeries al Ras. El vapor americano de hélice Ihmado \n\nversion, transmitida por na carta de Berlin Con la cougencia del tricofo, que ceulau poras de dos principales periódicos de Paris, si Carolina Hegade ayer, procedenta do Hong kong seguro, y animados de ese sepirito bemaaitario bi parece a primera vista la mas razonable en el corto tirono de dos dias de navegacion, vilazilor que ha caracterizado desde et prisla has léjies, dista mucho de pedersa Dreemus continuará a viage Calcula en donde cipis de esta gorra bi proceder de les genera-cou las unidas mitares qus sin cerar está to- conciliar hamas sabido \n\nque hace mucha falta para el ser-les de Occidente, quieren estos todavia esceti \n\nGRE DE DIA. Dentro de la pisca, 13: Coranine eke ¦ Sich \n\nvicio del rio, Su gran faerza de 700 catallas ymar la tiva B. Antoniu Bannerie Pare insurer, bi do lado la cabida de 000 tonelades, le hace ano de sus contrarins, Asi se esplica i lestitad de ados los gabieros de su leporio, \n\nmandó el Czan, con los grandes armamentos que de sus soldados, y tambien la de ha decretado y que está practicaudo en casi to nisa caso . Mertua Gimeno y Orisga \n\nPABADA. Et Hogimica infanterie del Principe los buques mas útiles para el remolque dautres, gunaa operaciones y el sistema de las espada v \n\nBorstal Cotua num. 2. Sargento para el jaise de formata. Sabemos que se admitirian postural dadar Negro, para bloquear y aislar al \n\ncomo tambien para fletes \n\nconduccion de ia cless maritimas que ban ejecutada las Dalas delige GonTSCHAKDEF on a proclamas at ejéreits y hasta faufarreu uss el príu. anders di Rospital, Principu núm. 6. \n\nDe drdan de S, El Teleme Granel furgeous ma-para o la empresa quisisen sonpearlo obgarte à reeditse ruas bizo que à suicidarse, ments fanático que anima at partido de los \n\nalguna \n\nal ecomigo, yy sobre Lode, com ese expirin obstinada- yor-Jos Carvajui. \n\nAsi tambien su esplica la actitud que los vence- No podemos men \n\nmeans de llamar a atoucau de dores de Sebastopol bee lowate \n\nPep \n\npartido que mau de la Viej la ciudad, Rus, que es el partito de la guerra, la cual las personas à quienes pudiese convocir su ad-cuya parte Nurte continúa ano ocupada por los on quiere decir precisamente que es el que sa quisicion, pues ya por su cablia, com parus, o que aquatics persistau cu formalizar bstà escrpeina, sin embargo, de cuatro su fuerza mattiz, sería uno de los mejores va- un segundo sitio, que seria boy ya un lujo de veranos del antiguo rejimo, enemigos de toda pores de este Archipiélago. \n\nsangre y da mariauiled. A qué inteatar Dueves idea, aimana ó francesa, y amantes sulaments asaltas, quando los sucesos han poder enta de la giorias que procura is faeczy, tales como rameste la victoria del tado de las armas alia-los MENSCHErr, as GeschaKorr, los An das? Esla conducta prudente y habil de los ge-RASLEPP, etc.) sine el partido que manda á los nerales vencedurus 8 está ganjauda los demas que se batan, partido que per desgracia yores eligios vu toda Kurapa. Solo los all olgus pais del mundo. Subrogado ciastes, que no quieren é do puodeo compreny douinado el joven Czan por la total inancia der eta dina tactics, se muestran descontenta de este partido, parace to mas probable dizos. Per po su bare para ellow to grossa \n\nque, aup á despecho de ei mimo, se ves precizado \n\nmira. 6. Kandat, Reina nó, 2. Finta de prinESANNED \n\nSECCION NO OFICIAL \n\nNOTICIAS DEL PAIS. \n\nCAPITAL. \n\nNota de la distribucion de los cargos muni cipales de esta M. N. y S. L. Crudad, veri Giada por el Esemo. Ayustamicolo en primera Sesion ordinaria para el presente año, quedando dichs Carporacion constituida en la forma si- guiente: \n\nSEÑORES ALCALDES, \n\nD. Farsando de las Cajigas. \n\nD. Prudencio Santos, \n\nSEÑOS RENIVORES. \n\nD. Francisco Orega, Alforen Real. \n\nD. José Borch, Sindico precuador, \n\n1. José Vicente Velasco, Obraco mayor. \n\nD. Vicente Carranoja, Jeez de policia de la \n\nCiudad. \n\nD. José Maria Soler, Id. de extramures. \n\nen hos 468. \n\nNOTICIAS DE EUROPA. \n\nESPAÑA. \n\nREVISTA DE EUROPA. \n\nDies quisiéramos dar boy á nuestros lectores datus was positivos acerca del rumbo que en daat, \n\nCup of ten. \n\nTu༦ \n\nAcis \n\nEn tan crilices circonstancias para los Rosos. Ludavía a desangrar y à debilitar mas las fuer- \n\nporvepic many cercapo hahran dalomar la conerador ALUJANURO se ha traslado á Nico-zas de la Cusia, autar que someterse á ningun \n\nyi Karson, seno sabeu ya nuestros lecsuero de condiciones, lo cual seria tal vez hay raciones de la guerra de Oriente, como qua cc 1016, ano de indagar con sus propios ojos pogrote para él mismo. Tan cierto es que goa secuencia necesaria de los importantes sacerosa verdaders situacion de las cosas en el teatro mala senda, ada vez emprendida, conduce fa que acatan de tener efecto, entre les cuales das mismo de la guerra. Las impresionas que ha de talmente à la perdición. Así sucederà al roso coelia la toma de \n\nSebastopol por los afadas, y bido recibir en aquellas plazas y cula de fidesea con esta absurda é injustificablo guerra. despues de ella, la sangrienta batalia de Ears, 00 800 \n\nno son ain duda ganada por los Turcos, y el bombardeo y acu-pales telegraficos recibidos eu faris en estos y otra por el guneral GANONY, ayudacte de muy gratas; y al decir de Una visita hecha por et almirante DUNDAS cual se signió inmediatamente la destruccion de son. Las fruitcaciones auovamente construidas cia, hace presucit: que las polencias cedidonta- pacion de Kinbura por las \n\nforzas \n\nà lo dias, el joven Crat se hallaba enfermo eu Ker campo por el emperador, al rey Oscik de Sue- aliadas, a Otchskaff por na misure \n\ntusos. Todas estas an Niera fueron objeto de una vigoros re-es pretenden que al menos una buena parte de trinofos de las armas occidentales en el Oriense probeciva anmetienda à los ingepieras sus au-la luta del Baltice pueda invernar en los pner- \n\nordenando la le- guerra, \n\nea de aquella nazino, con el objeto de ballarse \n\nD, Jorge Viliorla, Juez de Resellas é Inspro-colocas à aquellos en una situacion cada vez loras à en cousejo das \n\ntor del Fiat contraste. \n\npública. \n\nD. Lorenzo Calvo, Id. dei Cementerio. \n\nmayordemia. \n\nCo Constantinopla ha aberiado estos dias on \n\nD. José L. Negrao, Inspector de la Escuelas critica y comprometida. Las comunicaciones molicion de las obras, y confiaudo su recous-en a primavara prossima en disposicion de es- la Crimea con el fitoral immediato del contruccion al famoso general TOTLEDEX, el orgatabeer el blogsco desde is época ea que em- tinente rose se hallan yu criadas por par en nizador de la defensa de Sebastopol, à quien pezare el deshielo. D. Patricio Gonzales y Oliequi, Id. de la horn, que mañana se llamara tal vez la espedirasucitar los despachos teleg aficos, como que coull-cto, gracias à la tabilidad y prudencia del el panto mas importante. La espedicion de Kintautas veces ban supuesto muerta y vuelta à D. Ignacio da Icaza, Id. de las casas coosis.quién sabe hasta donde levarán su arrojo trino-que los aliados han eanontrado en la Crimea. aistro francés. La mala ptaligencia que existe \n\nciu de Kursus, de Nicolaieff, dos Perecop...es al adversario mas inteligenta D. Francisen de Paula Cembrano. Dipulado dueños dei Orionle?... esta expediciou, decimos, tel general á los entendidos generates BENKEx en la manore de intervenir en la distribueica fel los que al cabo de un são se han besho ya. El Emperador ALEJANDRO ba llamado al cuar-Puerta, bizo que aquel empleara cierto proceder entre el ministre inglés y el gobierno de la que forma ana pendiento digos y cimétrica coulcoRFT & STACK ALBERO, agregades militares à la de fondos procedentes del empréstilo turco, gas \n\ntoriales. \n\nde fiestas y sermonero. \n\n-178- \n\ncuatro en Jogar de des, porgné me hallaba metido es monto barta los ojas; en ignal, parece que os quieren mucho à 000 \n\ny 3 stro: sen das buenos viejos, altos y respetables; na bábitos \n\npardos les sientas come si facaen de intciupeles denen nrgallo de cato come cardenales, \n\n-Eu efecto, son ellos, dijo Enrique. Respondedare, masse Baru, ¿haheis oido hablar de que han sido puestas en libertad \n\nlas damas de la reina Margarita? \n\nIlan salido de carcel, aper ancho, bujla salvaguardia \n\nde sus allezas las duques de Clarence y de Clocestar. \n\nDe Clarence y de Glocester, repitieron los dos cautivos. Si, ais caballeros. \n\nsahéis lo que dicen de ellas? \n\n-Nada, absolutamente pada. Os deja... Dientre, be olvidado mi asunto principal. Dentro de una hora, vuestro defansur, quien jamás ba salvado á nadie, vendrà à veros y media hora des- purs, a conducirán à la Camara akta pare recibires vuestras declaraciones... Adios, caballeros, up bay que desanimarsa; el viejo llora se achispo ayer y su vino of Leerà la teha. \n\nAngel Enrique nada respondieron; embotilos en las tristes reflecaiones que provenian de Westminster, no ayeron taa si- quiera e! rulo de la puerta de calabozo cuando se cerró. \n\nperseverause! \n\n170 \n\nLA SENTENCIA, \n\nLa noche acababa de cubrir á la antigua fortaleza (con su manto Icockroau, su lagabre silencio reinaba en todas las ba- bitaciones de la Torre. El eucierro en doude orique de Korven y el paga esperaban liepos da zezobra Ja garila, wa! alumbrado con la vacilante luz de la lámpara que respuesta de Mar- el burno de Kilderkin les habia erado, hubiese acorndo & apimos menos atorgicos que los ensos, los priates, las picotas \n\ny sus cadeass describias grandes sombras en las paredes y el ruido meantone de las \n\nagua que \n\nde \n\npausadamente \n\ndai embobolado zobre el chatdorado, andeuteha el bartor de aqusi sitio maldito. La débil luz de leer \n\nvarias revolverfa \n\nla lampara los servi \n\npara \n\nveces la carta del peregrino, para opatentarla, paru en an imaginacions par ludas les medios y scutidos \n\neu alvance. Aquila carta llegaba al caballero de espanto Y \n\nsin abrigar odiosas sospechas en su generoso corazon. Je hacia, \n\nuo obstante, coachir Judas y presentimientos fanestos, de los \n\nque Angel menos alarmado que su amigo, trataba de dis tranrie. \n\nEmplú al electu teda el geois de sa hermosa alwa para re- \n\n3 \n\nrantido por la laglaterra, bajo la condicion de [rox de bombas y gabiouas rotes, comhatian, caso á su freate al generalį Liprandi que ocupa les cendiendo de la garganta por donde corre el usar ésta del ¿derecha de vigilar fiscalizer son al lado de site, y en muchos casos uus alturas de Aitedur á San Teodoro. Las van- Chelau, se maltan las colluse de Teodore acu- inversion, que no pede manes de harir el amor sobre otro, y es cuerpos cubrien el suelo bosta guardias enfrente de Isa plautonteres dominan padas por el general Lipranili. La distanca en- propio y la susceptibilidad de los ministrax sto fol proto de na veris Para aumentar of borror un camino que, parande hacia la montaña, va tre las dos posisiocos es de 5 muilas, & sea anz manus. Salido es que alguous de estos y si del momento las bombas del Redan y de los á desembocar cerea de Bilbok, sobre el camino Jegua. Ilacia atras y mas al norte, el centru fard Repemfrs non aveau bien y esta pre-vapores invian sobre la parte de la obia a pot Balaeva à Batchi-Sera Makansie. \n\nPur \n\nruso esta situado sobre la alta colina jereno disposicion no podia dejar de lluir desgra-seio de los franceses y aumentaton sus pér- El ejército ruso esta por consiguients cujida de Cuangap-Kale que camonica con el valle del entre des fuegos, por el general de Allenville Balbeck por el camino de Albat. Ayi los alia. de una parte, y fur les generalna Pelissier y dos desurinen un semi-circulo que parle del monts Simpran de la otra. \n\nSapone al oeste, sigue el rio del Teheran \n\nciada pente es tan delicadas relacionar, Par for dudas. \n\nΠά \n\nder \n\nria de spaña ai reducio por medio de un recque diceo los partes tolegráficos et de Bidar, tivan su desire on Back Meekoraia \n\ntuge, M. Je THUVENIL esteba ali para evitar, Pero los rusos eran innapanas de recobrar como evité, un coudrets que no ha sabido and Malakoff. Conte los franceses recibiau à cada prevenir el gobierno inglés, y que pudo haber momento trupas do refresos y llevaban la astrie teade graves consecuencias. \n\nLa pressa alemana diote la teoría de las puente improvisade, lus cusa iban cediendo poco mavera próxima. Úpa uotisia telegrafica relativa pronto e convirió en derrota. La escena pasaba \n\ndornats estos diez dias de Octubre. \n\n4431 general \n\nSetiembre: \n\nProbabilidades da paz ú de gueria para la pri paca y principiabas apa relirala que bien focha 35 principa Guetschakofi eseciho commutatas dende estan autopades los cuan2.. \n\n1 \n\ny termiba en Karla, fuvolviendo el grupo de \n\nDet stro indo el general do Allonville é le El enemigo ha trasportado à Eupetaría como kender-Baja establecidos cerca de Aibar silnadə à proyectos du reforma so el conseja federal, hajan el camino que và dei arsenal í Malakoff, gons 20,000 hombres, de este modu bay ati cerca del \"camius real de Siaforopu! à Perscup, aido inmediatamente cbjeto de negativa absolutajna el interior de la segunda linea de defensa, concentrados cerca de 30,000 hombres da tropa, amenszau sériamente la retirada y las comuni ase parts del gebirge ausurizes, ei euat dice con la que contaban los aos para reparar sus Ri enemigo alaca lodos los dias por el Dabcoraciones ruses. El príncipe Gorischiakoff, loquisto que seria esta la casino menos oportuna para perdidas, ilsbian levantado una larga série de izquierdo de nuestras posiciones. El 2 ha tede ese movimienu, ha destacado una division pensar siquie a eu el menor cambio á reforma baterias dende al pie de Malakoff, hasta at hos-nido os encastro con nuestra infanteria, des-da su ejurello contra el gauerat de Albaville. Constitucional. \n\npital de la Marina, lan unas dirigidas contra el pues se ha retirado haera el camino que pasa Tal es en ese momento a situacion; la cust La cuestion de Napoles a baila en vias de Redan y las otras contra Malakoff. En la base cerca de Urkousti per la montaña. Ei 23, el nos parece peligrosa al enemigo, acogee no se raqufucion, habiendo pasado à aquella corte, de hente meridional del hospital se habia arenemigo ha vuelto à bajar de las montañas y se trasluce nada de los proyectul de los grmorales divese que como mediador crasejero ofimuse, mada de una bateria de 08 cañones, y la venha abierto paso. el arabidaque Aro, gobernador civil y uitanas del pisu hajo en habian convertido del marisca! Pelissier al ministro de la Guerra. las trincheras en qua tautos valientes han muerto; En Sebastopol los aliados principian & cegar Hilar de Hungria. \n\nlado dei Este en treneras desde deude las car- \n\nLa de Gracia sigun agriándose cada vez mas, renadas de los buques bacian fuego sobre M \n\nE \n\n* \n\nESTRANGERO. \n\nCRIMBA. \n\nBiados. \n\nEl 25 de Setiembre so ha dado es Kung-hacen cabines airededor de la ciudad y en la \n\nSetiembre \n\nOne que no se was duit que el rey FER lakoff. La rapidez del movimiento de los fran-bi, à cinco leguas notusta de Eupatoria, un llanura de Baidar y foxrutan baracas ea los NAAND, conserva al fracto de ins negauio aucases, cuando los ingleses emprendiereu ai pris brillants combata de caballería en qua la caba-arranales entre tax fortificaciones y la ciudad. ministerio caso fiu, corregide auceulsd, à cipio en retirada, wo permitió à estos últims teria rusa del general Kef ha sido derrotada El cuerpo de ingenieros trabaja activamente despecho de las protestas y de la actitud vera servizo da su segunda lines do defensa. Mi por la del general de Allenville. \n\nen la destruccion de los diques, que son stʊln, de las ministre de Frausa y de laglaterraonmhete conrpo a cuerpo que tuvo lugar durante \n\nHan quedado un nuestro poder esfiones, alimentados por el Tuberusia, Da Sebastopul se Batretanto, tus bundidos de la Grecia, autos la bajada no les permine matar à un encasiga 13 faguer, 1 fragua de campaña, con sus lanzau diariamente hasta el campo ruas cohetes des piratas, costiosad infestando el pais y sin baie al mismo tiempo aurig, y deteros, 460 prisioneros, ao de estos oficial, y de sueva invencion que causau all un grande ejerciendo toda especia du desafastos, \n\ndesorden. ese mado los franceses dessendieron de itakull 250 caballos de ablanoz. \n\nciudad hasta el pic de la custaša. \n\nenemigo ha dejado 50 muertos sobre el Bl Faudlido ruso del 2 de Octubre ba publi Batonces se relitaru dirigiéndose bacia la erano de bataila, y entre ellos al coronel an-cado o parte dal príncipe Gortschakuff sobre la tema de Sebastopol, y de que recibimos por sophs 7 arrollando & fos rusos por las callestras porditas son mínimas: 0 muertes correspondencia el éxtracto siguiente: del arrabal de Ka-abcluais. Durasi algun tiempo la artilleria da españa y algunos calones de \n\n27 berdas \n\nSAN PERE \n\nPETERSTEEG 3 de Octubre 20 de en Malek If so volvia contra la segunda Otro parte del principe Gorichakoff del 93 \n\nNos promelizu relaciones circonstanciadas de la \n\nA gunes minutos antes da mediodin, el bom-10, 4 favor de las tinieblas, se retirarca de las diver \n\npareerdo es ei avalido ruso eв esta relacion: bardau era terribir; was verdadera lovia de obras de Karabolasiz, del pequeño Redan y de El enemigo, despues de haber rechazado las «Ei 17-5 de Agosto, dier ef jale, enemigo fuego caia sobre los rusos de las troneras que, \n\nla bateria Negra. \n\nvanguardias cosacas de la cresia de la moutaña ba roto del lade de Karabeloaia un frago vi- A habiani mantenido firmaos hasta ese moments, Al mismo tiempo se habiau dado casi simulque separa el valle de Baidar del flanco izquierdo visime y may morifero qun ba durado veiste Diez minutos despues de mediodia, se dió la tineameals otros dos ataques cova in rusos, os camins de esa lado de la vertiente. At mis-ba consistido: el primer dia, en 4,500 embri \n\nde nuestras posiciones, trabaja en la costruction dias. Nuestra pérdida en ese periode de tiempo zeñal de \n\ndek asalto pur la esplosion de dos minas pero con resultados mucho casus satisfactorios. cerca de la costra-escarpa, y en medio del tu. El geuera! Codriagico, oysada la señal del ata-o tiempo establece alojamientas y reductos de los dias siguientes en 1,080 umbres, y desde mullo y la cuafusion cansada por ei humo, 040 de Malakoff, despues de una corla paasa la montaña. \n\nel dia 2440 de Agoslo hasta el 5 de Selium- Y los cazadores se arrojaron al avattu, babia dado la idea de alacar Redon, Las Ba desembarcada como anos 30,000 bumbre 24 de Agosto, de 500 à 000 hombres cada \n\nveiniicontre borns. avaczacdo sobre La torreos trabajado por las compañías del 5° y del 97. que devaban la bros en Eupatoria.> balas sembrado de escavaciones a cada paso, erren \n\n1830, escalas, se \n\nse lanzarou al punto \n\nSAN PETERSAFRan 8 de Octubre. *El 5 de Setiembre (23 de Agosto) al fasai- favorecidas por pero su carrera apenas se detents, y sailarou \n\ntaufe ba redoblado el boutarden hasta tai punîù El general Gortschakuff aceba da enviar 10 terrible, que nuestras fortificaciones aban \n\nLa siguiente carta nos da detalles interesan linea de defensa que enfiabau con buen exit,da Setiembre parece udicar que la izquierda tes sobre la 10a de Majah ( por 400 zuavesera bien pronte sobrevino a nuche, y lus de sus tropas està ténamente amenazada, presjornada dei 8 4 Stinmbre, y usla mañana s \n\ny 450 enzadores de Vinseuses. \n\ndel foso ohra el costado de la sbra sia serabɛtaculo sonsil et terrapien que no era un \n\n7 plantaron sus escalas con- parts on fecha 6 de Octubre por la tarde, que conmovidae en leda la linea. Ese furgo infernal, \n\n108 \n\nó muertos, y dejaron á los franceses doeños abla dificu tad de salir de la paraleja por una faliados, que se mueven on varias directes desmontar el enemigo se esforzala \n\nmarlones, probaba \n\nBucs- \n\ntros \n\nBA des- \n\n亨 \n\nel ný. \n\nLas troneras y las platali Das estaban elava-centrado del enemigo, cuyas reservas de was! parle del príncipe Gortschakoff de fecha 7. Ei10) Sasta 8 de Setiembre (27 de gest) \n\non \n\nhemos tenido fuera de combate: oficiales supe \n\nمان \n\nvirae de cacalas. Los rusca completaments co-tra el ángulo sairents de la obra. Les colum est concebida eu estos términos: jidos de sorpresa, fueron arrojados del reductos de ataque, nos activas ó embarazadas por Reina sua grande actividad en los bugans dirigido especialmente contra las traperas solates se la obra. La corta distancia de 25 estrecha abertura, nu legraron alcanzar la esténero de las lanchas cañoneras dei suamige \n\nbuestros cañones y destrair yardas que separs et foso de Malakoff de carpa da Redan sino cuando los hombres pro- se ha aumentado, \n\npara venir à parapetos \n\nLomat la ciudad. paralela, no hau contribuido paso at four éxito vistos de escalas habran subida ya alaalt. \n\n*No era ya posible reparar nuestros parape- «K! efectiva de los campos aliados entre el del assito. \n\nDifica es formarse de esta obra una pintura \n\nSigaleronless 2-3 tantos sabiando por cada Tchernaia y Balaclava parere menos considera, hubo que imitars à cobrir de tierra os \n\nvorigen y del angulo saliente, y se metieron en eible que les dias precedentes. \n\nblindagos. Los parapetos que pueda dar una idea aproximada de sus Redan onstaron a los rusos que defaudian ja El encargo ha descondido al vallo de Daidar, mero de artilleros que calan era lau grande qua \n\noronaban y cagabão las barrancaz. proporciones y su aspecto para quizás hasta primera travesia, pero eu sa premara por ade- despues se ha retirade. rio sigunas palabras para hacer compreader solantare de a otros, los hombres que llegabau \n\nBERLIN, Inc 8, \n\nspenas se podian instalar otros en so lugar. importancia. El fuso tenia cerca de quince pide por la derecha, apresurandose por respire à \n\n¡Nuestra pérdida en ess putiođa de sitio ha sido \"Acabamos da recibir policias de San Pe-extraordinaris: dende el de Setiembre (21 de do profundidad y la escarpa veinte de altura los de is inquierda, cayeron bajo el fuego con- tersburgo de buy. habia recibido allí un das sobre o nivel de la obra, que eslaba dide des mit hombres degabau rápidamente. vidida en muchas partes por travesen de forma \n\nprincipe anunciaba que nueve savion, veintiochoriore Sigailee combate desasperado cuerpu vapores y otros heques habian dejado el 7 pur 3,917, sia contar los artilleres que perecieran. \n\nriores, butales subalterav, 47: y solfade irregular, en que su habian dejado pequena cuerpo. Los rusos iuchabae per conservar ta aberturas para \n\npaso de los hombres. Beus posicion con la temeridad de los osos y se ha fuoroeste. \n\nmañana \n\na Kamiasca, dirigidodose hacia ell Cargo no uso desde la noche del 7 al 8 traveses erau ordinariamente obras de piedra cian armas de todo: piedras, armas despedars- \n\netembre: & in och de in uses el con- do cayas galerías estaban soportadas por dobles das, y toda especia de proyectiles erau lan-boos. Por otra parte, se guarda tan bien ef late da bastion Korloff, tres els car- lahi basta este momento todo lo que sigo lanzó de sus proches mas cercanos, de bileras de gigsaludas vigas de pino de la ados por masas desde lo alle sore nuestros secreto, qua cadie puede decir lo que se hará. \n\ngustia encantó el Notege. 1 la capa da lazra que formaba el hombres cuyas maciciones principieban & faliar. Los generales has tourde zodus ins dias dosde el aspeto y los meronsa del d techo las hacia a prueba de bomba. Los tra-Los ingleses, a su vez, agaria on piedras y 18 at 23 da Setiembre consejos de guerra que unsalo tiempo las columnas del nuemigo, eu la dogulo satioule. At veses en geceral eran de 42 13 pies de al las lanzaron a los sitiadue que, alentados por has excitado vivamento la curiosidad, pero direccion de la bateria inglesa de 22 cañones, tara, como era muy irregulares, era muy la llegada de refuerzas y la disminucion de tus en vano. dified \n\nspoderarse de eltes coupletamente. En assoles, acabaron por empeñar con ellos una el baterior, \n\nRadan estaba dispuesto del mismo facha de hombre a hombre. Ealances hubo os mode, \n\nbernador de Karabainais; el general Bacains sigunda paralela, bien pronto eras tropas Ile- esa particularidad de construccion esfuerzas desesperados: rusos é ingleses se agar-gon de gobernador de Sebastopol. pica como se babia podido creer que les rasos raron cuerpo a cuerpo, y si combate terminaha permanecian ociosos durante el ú tima hombar-machas veces por la mortal agonis de los dos ponia, El número de cañones hallados asciende asalto. y de la los da Malakoff, y luego abade: Ki bulia es mas considerable da lo que so su– Aqui al parto bace na inaeusa dos ripcion del deo; los soldados estaban ocultos en sus casas adversarios. Es al fin iba siçado demasiado tera à 6,000, y pareus qua ana no se han des matas mientras babia durado el fuegs. No pa-fuerzus los asaltantes se salirasea. Los salones echados à pique con los toques, lus Lysenko han salids ueridos, las das duffe rible. Bra preciso que vuestros gosareles envia-cubierta todos. Si à este número se añades fos may cara. Los generales Carull, Marino rece que la guardia de esas obras haya sido relevada mas de una \n\npor was, porque | refuerzos no llegaron, cada parte de esa cuartel Lavabo ta prueba de ouestros bombres tavuren que buir en desorden has unilade, en vera que esa inuenta fortaleza roff, las corances Mesenzaff, Arschoninfliki, \n\ny los que quedaban de du los fuertes del Norte, y les que aun no gravemente. Los gouere Vou Bonssau, una coupacion permisucuts. La calda del code los parapelos y de las frontes de qus an estaba defendida por mas de 8,000 cañones, Naidardi, toradante estaba lleua de siliucas, praturas y \n\nsa tabia apoderato. Es ere aecos que casi paraen incrible. bizaramente \n\nde clase Kotzebue objetos de \n\nel essaoul Scherbatschef! bas muerto. El general lujo, mientras las carpinteros y afmento habia en las habiles tepian verdaderos talleres. La seguridad muchos regidien paralelas 5 y PARTS #2 de Octubre-Con esta fecha reci Zuroff, los corouelas Nuschek, of gofe de la \n\nque no estuvieron bastante bines los parios y las usticias que sigue da tos soldados en las fortalezas debe haber prontos y uo llegarou tiempo para sa ver los \n\ndrustria de Opolichosin núm. 49 da Kourah, aumentada as probabilidades de sorpresa, yastos de las columnas de alaque. Asi fué como tantinopla al mismo tiempo, sabemos que una dinikiff Freigang, el edecas del omperador Wais- Por Viena, por San Petersborgo y por Cousal const Techorem.sstil, fos cocoonles Alen- una prueba ը: մը raplez de la ocu of Redan fue tomado y perdido. \n\nvision de la fala aliada compuesta de 9 cavics ikoff, ai napitan de estade mayor Meyendorff \n\ndestruccion \n\nen ou corto tiempo. \n\nда \n\n5. \n\ny da la trocera detras de la media luua Katts- \n\nEl general Wendam ha sido nombrado go-faturke, priccipiaban à concentraree e la go- \n\nnaros lae riccheras was próximas \n\nLa defensa de Sebagronat ons ha costado Martica y \n\nde defons y tambien la \n\ndo lines, 28 vapores y 0 auchas caâoneras con han sida beridos, y las dos últimos hau su- PARIS 10 de Octubre. A consecuencia de las tres baterias, ban anclado en la mañans det 8 cumbido Sin embargo, les 2010s no hau querido dejar medidan tomadas por los generales alados esda Outubro deiante de Odessa, y su esperaba hallan of guaral Nasoff y si carous! Swiewieff. A sus berida. Eutre los contuses sa à su enemigo gozar tranquilamente de su pore-fanos casi sin noticias de las operaciones de a boubardeo. \n\nno bien fueron arrojados cuando atacaron los ejércitos ea Crimea. Sin embargo, sabemos \n\nπίου; \n\ncion, \n\nà las franceses cun ta energia \n\nda \n\nKL \n\nLa pérdida general de a \n\naguarbicion { ફ તક \n\ndiersies inferiores y 2,625 solda. \n\n1,759 soldados. \n\n* \n\nl ejército francés ha ocupado, delante de Bai-Stembro corista en muertos; ofientes su la desespera que ejecutao algunas importantes qas aos pro-dar, importantes pasiniones. Los rusos y dos alia- y los 208vos y los caxaduras se hallaron metes day proxidamente acontecimientos de dos encargada de la ocupacion de Sebastopol dari haridus: 25 oficialis superiores, 206 olicia- \n\npen defensores de Malakoff en lugar de sur asaltan trascendencia. Ast, par una parte la guarnicion redoblan sa fuego y aumentau has fortificacio-les inferiores y 5,826 soldados; contuses: 9 les. Hau combatido con toda la energía del ory el campo da Eapato-ia has recibida uga di- es defamnas utiles de corto y sud de la babi. aftciales superiores, 38 calea inferiores y gullo y del tranfo, durante ug Licospu can vision francesa, un siderable han sostenido una lucha \n\nregimiento inglés uca bate \n\nI \n\nEl contingent anglo-otoman se ha embarcado 1,438 saldades; desaparecidus: 24 oficiales tra fuerzas muy superint. ca desigual co-cia de artilleria bajo las úrdenes del general et 1. du Octubre para Kerteh. \n\nrusos abando Allonvide. Un parts del principe Gurtechakoff Elzar la pasado los dias 25, 26 y 27 de naban sus fusilos para batires con piedras, coura-cula estos refuerzos ea 30,000 hombres, aú- Setembro cu Nicolaieff, de donde ba bido à induu dada por el principe Gortachakelf de eva- Esta parto termica con la mencion de la ór- maderos, con coauto podian baber \n\n200, meru sin duda exagarado; pero de todos modos peccionar las furtificaciones entre el Baung fouar Sebastopol y pasar al lado morte por est y los franceser, escasos de mauisianes, responel genera: de Altanville manda un ejército que Yargout. dian con las mismas armas y de vos on enando parece destinado à marchas subes Siformpal variaban la resistencia con cargas à la bayoneta, a cartar la retirada al sueigo, y como se verá Sin embargo cedian ante los rusos que se avan \n\nsa adelante, ha zaban, desanimados por la soucia de la caida tri á la caballería es una distancia de mue \n\nla hatila dei Hedan y de las obras Negras, pero en esto chat leguas de la ciudad momento critico, marcbaren los sostenes de la Por otra parte, o ejerita principal parece ejércitos aliados y rase as como sigue: \n\nde Expatoria. Ba cuanto la situacion de los sin contar la artilleria, que parecia en largrande division yeutra on tes. La guardia imparral, granatercs zuavos, las órdenss del mustiseal Pelissier comprendera dar por el camino de Baga à Kaivlax y han y el 9 han podido efectuar eu retirada al úmero que apenas habia tiempo de recuplazar por todas par-haberse divididojen dos cuerpos, al primero bajo! Los abades ban tragado las cantañas de Bat-á les art lleros que clan. Y si es cierto que el 60 extendió por Ma'akoff y prinsipi on lu- 80.000 hombres y recorrerà la Canura de Baidar; ahiertn us camino sobre Adin Chekak y Karla, norte mas de 50,000 hombres, a deduce qua cha desesperada. Hloubce contra hombre, el segundo de usos 50,009 bsubres su esma-Aldeas à la bajada de haber. Adia-Chikala guarnicion de Sebastopol sa comperia de aa medio del laberinto del roducto, de los aguje- louaría desde el Tchernaya harta Baidar, teniendo ocupa un punto sobre la ciara de Chalten. Des saula mit hombres la vispera de romper el fuego. \n\nไม่ \n\nla obra \n\nya en un primer edouan- \n\ny del campo. \n\nVIENA 10 de Octubre. \n\nLa futa aliada amenaza & Ozchakoff. \n\npunate constraido por el general Bushmayer y con la ayuda de los \n\nlos vapores. De manera que por confesion del mismo pric sus partes del combate de caballeria corsa combate en 5 dias cerca de 29,000 bombros El princips Grortsetakoil an dien uus palabra cipe Gartuchakaft los rusos han tenido fuera de",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-054 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [1-2].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 238781,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-056 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [6]",
        "page_number": 190,
        "title": "CO129-056 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [6]",
        "content_text": "SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.\n\nThe Hongkong Register.\n\nFLAS & AR\n\nLATE NAVS\n\n4 st Sp.\n\nHongkong (Mar. 25)\n\nMacau\n\nWhang\n\n25 Concis\n\nFROM TO CAPTAIN\n\nARRIVED,\n\nSAYLKU CAHLO\n\nMar, 22\n\nMartice\n\n10p¡ Welsit Formnes\n\n¡Mantl bgi Sarria 35 Tubal Cais B. Le 147 Sloggett\n\ng. 4Dencher\n\n25 Sarah Armitage Brit. sc. 185 Wooden\n\nTim and 208Kie\n\n23. LackroaND [ g. 400 Stereking\n\nH. 202 Broken\n\nSp. al. Caldin\n\nE of landwicke Brit\n\n26 Mathilde\n\n26 Scrutina\n\n27 Nankin\n\nri, se 8.\n\nSemut\n\n28 Leopard\n\nBrit. ek.\n\n206 Richards\n\n28 Ragla\n\nra\n\n25 Vanuetrop\n\nZai Lootse\n\n27\n\n291ADIN Suenam\n\n30 Fiery Cross\n\n30 June\n\n30 Rochapter\n\n30 Lanek\n\n30 Encounter\n\nBrit. Mr. 1832jCaldwell\n\ncmus\n\nShangbai\n\nArany\n\nMar. 15 Rico\n\nMar. 120eneral\n\nM 20 Rice Niakpo Man 143mdeles Caletta Jan. 30 Rice, 8cc. Nugpo Bar Sandria Bluniis\n\nSingapore\n\nRico\n\nBio 11\n\nMar. 16 Rico\n\nCONSIGN BEN\n\nRobert S. Walker J. sierre Williama, A. Ch Jardine. M. and Co Jobu Bu and Co John Bard and Co W. Pozlan and Co Turner and Co Orler\n\nLiverpool Der. 288ondries, Wise and Co. Christ\n\nDan. Uk, 291 Simes. Siugpo\n\nBan.sch. 149Kess\n\nVingpa\n\nHam, k, 216 Christiansen Nigo Brit. bk.! 472 Amirew\n\nBeit. stri 444 Watte\n\nHaro. 288 Joyan Jam,bk. 199 Bradshaw Brit. g. 265 Crocket ET M.S\n\n30 Queen Margarnt Belo, bk, 524 Spmano\n\n36 Madra\n\n30 Berwickshire\n\nso Tiger\n\n30 Courser\n\n27 Yocana\n\n27 Safelito\n\n¡Brat. str. 1250 Down\n\n118!!\n\nBelt. g. 142 Wohnenn\n\nBril. bk. 225 Day\n\nSiam\n\nMar. 15 Suuddeles Mar. 16 General De: 31Sundries Caleutia N160pium S.Francisco Zel Baftast Calestra an. 29Cotton Shanghuse Mer, sisilk Caletta\n\nM\n\nNingpo Ma 19 Rico Barabay,&\n\nShangae Nr. 24undries\n\nBombay\n\nIsitmssen and Co\n\nJohn Burd and Co jim. Eustan and Co John Burd and Co A. Head and Co Jardine, E. sai Co Wm. Pusau and Co\n\nxder\n\nJardine, M. and C5\n\nJardins, M. and Co\n\nSECT\n\nErition\n\nMariner's Hope, brig Hencius, sligi Mix, brig\n\nPrinces, ship\n\nRoyal Jaly, barque Sex Witeb, barque Star of the Hast, ship Terror, becqno Unicorn, steamer Water Witch. barqua\n\nPortuguese Clara, beig Laba barga Emigreto, ship Ensaio Make, barg, Sophis, arque Syenu, barne Tremeiga. barque\n\nFranch Joaquim, atı\n\nAmps Buckan, ship Benjamin Blorgan, ship Black Warrior, ship Golden West, silip\n\nP. & 0.8. N. Co.ussar, shrp Order\n\nWilliams, A. and Oo\n\nGibb, J. and Co\n\nBonnay\n\n24 Cotton\n\nDe Cation\n\n3. 20 Rice\n\nM16 Bice\n\nCotton Rive\n\nTail and Co\n\nSp. g. Pempreco Sual\n\nSp. ch. 89Govorda ¡Manila\n\n360 Mackozaic Caleutia\n\n41\n\n25 ('earl\n\nApar\n\nDarie\n\n15\n\nb\n\n4. Gscreta\n\n¡¡, Guita\n\nBrandan raul Co\n\n¡Msaila\n\nSAILED.\n\nFun\n\nDat%\n\nNAMA\n\nFLAG &\n\nCAPTAIN\n\nFor\n\nCARGO\n\nCONSIGNEES\n\n10\n\nSchaefer and C's\n\nHongkong Mar. 254 Jacoba Coruchia\n\n25 Banxhoo\n\n25 Marra\n\nJJ\n\nH\n\narty Hayes\n\n26 Kuterne\n\n20, Faust\n\n26 Amistad\n\n2 netinu\n\n27ly M. Wood\n\n27 Mor\n\nDut. bk.\n\n492 Rosenboom Be hk. $35, Vincent Rria. arh. 139 Dokon Brisk 284 Walliamson Dot. bk. 403 Kuipers\n\nlau.sc 143 Subberg\n\nbg. 205 Domingues\n\nDut. bk. a Lewis\n\nBrit. 3. 655 Callesk Brit. g. 179\n\n27 Waldemar Dan. k. 261chmidt\n\nCanton Packet m bk. Berden\n\nDu bk 607 Weber\n\n271 rouw Johanna hk. 520 urriaanse\n\n26 Argo\n\n28 St. Helena\n\n28-Juno\n\n29 Aar\n\nzy rota\n\n30 City of Sydney\n\nWasimpo tel. 7\n\nMar. 22Chia Chin\n\n231.4 Houriah Jari. Confucius Feb. 22Santa Lucia\n\nSwator Aməy\n\nHELL\n\n40ces Queen\n\nJ\n\nShangli\n\n7azy! Carim\n\nHope\n\namict\n\nDutch Testarkenburg\n\nDat k 441 Klant Bril. Nr. 210 Welsh\n\nBrit. g. 203 Taloy\n\nBrit. bg. Idenersu\n\ne:100 McCaus\n\nBrit. k. 310 Cairns\n\nBM. bk, 536 Uklejama\n\nBeit. b. 175 Peny\n\np. 335 Arrigoitia\n\nsi. sh. 500 Coniers\n\nBrit. E\n\nBrit. al 10 Dewar\n\nBrit. bl. 42% Young 15. Marquard Brit. eh. 209(Calling\n\n15 Singapore Bets 74May 12Aug. Melino ¡Bro. 5k. 306Luebko\n\nLinde Jucaries Edel Coari Sundries 3. Stations\n\nSundries\n\nPart Philip Sundries Adelaide\n\nاهان را این بردار\n\nSundries Sundries\n\nMaula Sand:ins Amay Sundries Calcutta Sundries Stangliae Suudries\n\nShangha\n\njoxotk\n\nSundries\n\nBallant\n\nBandries\n\nSundries\n\nAinoy\n\niSundries\n\nEast Coast\n\n¡Sundries\n\nAdolside\n\nFat Cowet\n\nWalparden\n\nSundries\n\nThas\n\nAustralla\n\nNew York\n\nSundries\n\nHan org\n\nSingapore\n\nFuntries\n\nSundries\n\nJurdina, M. and On\n\nHardin, M. and Co 'G. Daddell\n\nSheaffer and Co\n\nWm. Pasta Gd Co\n\nW. M. Robinet and Co\n\nF. Edger\n\nP. & 0, S. N C\n\nJohn Bord and So\n\n¡Dryer and Co\n\nOrder\n\n¡Y. J. Murrow\n\nOrlan\n\nik S. Walker ¡Y, J. Murrow\n\nt. Walker\n\nA. Berenbari\n\nJardinc, M. and Co.\n\nNye Brothers and Co\n\nP. F. Cama au Co\n\nDreyer and Co\n\nnlries Order\n\nSonides. F. Syme and Co\n\nSundries\n\nManila\n\nSa\n\nSingapore\n\nSundriss\n\nSantries\n\nSingapore\n\nandries\n\nMontal\n\nTaga\n\nMERCHANT VESSELS.\n\nSusp\n\nAn\n\nDuto of Arrival\n\nTONS MARTENS\n\nFeb. 57Ball\n\nFea\n\nP. O. Sync and Co\n\nTait and Co\n\nF. D. Syme and Co\n\nandersion and Co\n\nSanderthau and Co Mait and Ca Wm. Pusiau and Co\n\nJamestown, ship\n\nKit Carson, elig\n\nLucknow, ship\n\nSarah Warren, barque\n\nSirovcu, chip\n\nBray Hound, ship\n\nStarr King, ship\n\nTatar, ehin\n\nTuakina, ship\n\nArgonaut, ship\n\nBayard, barque\n\nBarrida Brothers, ship\n\nLuniest, ship\n\nHound, ship\n\nJames Marshall, brig\n\nLemisiana, kargus\n\nMaria, arque Metro, Larque Mic scener\n\nPenguin, weloener\n\nSes Nymph, berquo\n\nFiorid, ship\n\nMERCHANT VESSELS. -Contiennent.\n\n[No. 14-APRIL 1, 1855.\n\nShanghae Feb. 10 280gers\n\nDate ut\n\nAT\n\nAriva MARELAS\n\nCONSIGNEXY\n\nUJESTINATION\n\nIntended Dumpat-ly\n\nJA. Connolly\n\nSwatow\n\nFarly\n\nShaw, Blant and Uu\n\nJader\n\nLiverpool\n\nEarly\n\nLoudon\n\nEarly\n\nSwatow\n\nEwatow\n\nFly\n\n!London\n\nEarly\n\nEyduey\n\nFor Sute\n\n2\n\nFeb. 10 310 Quirk Mar. 178 Cav\n\nMu, 19 154 Trocar FU, 21 464 3hrewbery POL, 2400 Peutruath Web. 81291 Christian Fol. 26 377 M Far. 10 786 Brown Feb. 28 263 Lewis\n\nHongkong Feb. 22 294\n\nFeb 8 520Ch Macao far. 703 Guterres\n\nMacao Fou. 11 277 Luz Mar 240, L-z\n\nDunt, Beale and Co Rasselt und Co\n\nJames Bowman and o G, Livingston and Co Bella Co\n\nDent, Bible and Co\n\nBrawlao aul Co\n\nJames Stephensca J.V. Jarge\n\nA. A, de Mello and Co\n\nadoro d'Almeida\n\nJayah. Still and Cu\n\n4.\n\nGlan 18 2721) Agalia\n\n376 Marve\n\nL. Harones\n\nWhampoa Mar.\n\n606 Delhomme Wm. Fusta and Co\n\nlongkong Feb. 17 530Smith\n\nMar 30, 468 Killing atar. 151900Murphy Mus500Tatusan Mar. 6 720 Wingar Fel, 14113 Canjage Bet. 111,20 Cowell\n\nMax 89 Paner\n\nMer 11 340 Gore\n\nMar 7570 Mix\n\nSept. 842Jones\n\nWhaipos de 25 175 ale\n\n+\n\nAmoy\n\nGeneral Piern, ech.\n\nSnute\n\nWaverley, ag\n\nWar flawk, ship\n\nCautan, ship\n\nScience, Lonyes\n\nAntelope, satorer\n\nAriel, ship\n\nfebn Wade, ship.\n\nWilmington, honner\n\nCarlow, brig\n\nMoury, bagre\n\nN. B. Palmer, ship\n\nDutch\n\nAlbaneerwaard, barque Boilers, chip\n\nCristina, barque\n\n3. Elizabeth, barque\n\nJan Hendrik, barque\n\nMar. 13 180 Peete\n\nFab.\n\nlan.\n\n1100 rewater\n\nStar. € 713 Stevens\n\nKussell and Co Order\n\nRussell and Co Rose Go Russell and Ca Russell and Co Jane Steplu rson\n\nAdel&Philtill\n\nSingapore\n\nSingapore\n\nInd.\n\nWheming\n\nPeight ur Char!\n\nSan Francisco April 10\n\nAdel. & Mel. Tad,\n\nSan Francisco April 17\n\nSan Francisco\n\nCaly\n\nAugustine ford and Co Wi Win. tusla and Co\n\nWhens, Anthou and Coban Francisco! Wilms, Anthon and Co Hondur\n\nJames Stephie:ZON\n\nMarford\n\nOvde\n\nSan Francisco April 18 Adel, & Syduty A\n\nMaz. 111185 West\n\nMa\n\n135 Lamilton\n\nMar 4117 Turner\n\nY. J. Muriou\n\nY, J. Murrow\n\nAustralia\n\nKtor and Ce\n\nBuston\n\n239 Graham\n\nRussell and Co\n\nNew York\n\nBarly\n\nPudon and Cu\n\nNow York\n\nFeb.\n\nCrosby\n\nMar. 8 $75 Peterson\n\n¡Alvoid and Co\n\nSn Prausias Ind.\n\nAugustine Heard me Co\n\n300 Pasiphor\n\nNge Brothers and Co\n\nFeb. 11 45% Whoever Jan. 28 900\n\nShangha Repairing Havana\n\nEarly\n\n¡Hevada\n\nNo. 8 188 Dyer\n\n2248 Willian\n\nMax. 6 209 Monta Mar.\n\nJan. 19 689 Nicholson\n\nMar Dee. Formona Fel\n\nNov.\n\nFuh-chau Mar. Niugpo Mar.\n\n750 Aytun\n\n150 Badger\n\n1000: siromans\n\n417 Worth\n\n400 Potter\n\n479 Mellus\n\n269 Cher\n\nMet. ¡600 peroor\n\nJac We\n\nFou\n\nShanghae Mar. 9 2 Gregory\n\nFol. 24 450 Fletcher Bet. 5/2006 Lowe\n\nHongkong Mar. 15) 730 Linduan\n\n33\n\n15\n\nKongu lamelaar, ship\n\nNeerlands Indie, siaip\n\nSamat, ship\n\nMar. 13 322 Teu Har\n\nMar. 14 350 Krauer\n\nMan Tomp\n\nMar. 2614. De Jong\n\nRussell and Co\n\nS. E. Burrows\n\nTail and Co\n\nW. M. Robinet and Co\n\n1. Pustau and Co\n\nRussell and C\n\nUnder\n\nKyu Brothers and do\n\nKussell and Co\n\nKell and Co\n\nAugustine Heard and Co\n\nRugseil und Co\n\nW. M. Rotinet and Co Russland Co\n\nRussell and Ca\n\nOnier\n\nShaffer and Co\n\nSchaefer and Co\n\nJames Stephenson Jim. Pistac and Co\n\nPub, 9698 Lindermance Stephenson\n\n3ar\n\nJan.\n\nAlbrecht Beyling, barq Whampoa Mar Aline, arqua\n\nBintang Anam, barque\n\nBroedertrouw, ship\n\nArgo, Imarque\n\n143\n\nDESTINATION\n\nIntended Thatch\n\nFatal Hair, barque\n\n34. Eulema, shooner\n\nJustine, barque\n\nProvests, barque\n\nVrouw Jotina, bq, Mercurius, barque Westkappelle, barque Beauty, torque Zuid Holland, ship\n\nDanish\n\nDannebrog, barque Lente, schooner Svendborg, Larquy Aernet, szig\n\nConm Heinrich, bg.\n\nJohannes hand\n\nUto, bu que\n\nWaldemar, herque\n\nHenbury\n\nAutralia\n\nIS. Trancisco\n\nIxel.\n\nAmoy\n\nAdel & Sydney Trid.\n\nSingapore\n\nInd.\n\nWhen pus\n\nsrdce, Matheran and Co Schaeffer and\n\nLondon\n\nAdsiaide\n\nFuruins. Matteson aud Co\n\nHavaus\n\nTernor and Co\n\n¡Turner and Co\n\nCape & Longga\n\nT. & U. S. N. C.\n\nShaughne\n\npill &\n\nPhillips, Moors Co Kurder\n\nAustralia\n\nLondon\n\nBariy\n\nand Co Holliday. Weed Co\n\nway sund\n\nRepairing Bonjay\n\nApril 15\n\nTarer, beg\n\nTubal Cain, ig\n\nWilliams, Anthon and Co\n\nPant, schooner\n\nAfghan, slip\n\nWhampoa Mar. 20 670debank\n\nLondon\n\nArturo, que\n\nFab,\n\noClarke\n\nCarlines, ship\n\nMar.\n\n370 Ferensor\n\nCELIST:L, ELERIEur\n\nMar.\n\n750 Curling\n\nD'Almeida Family, hg.\n\nNov.\n\n250\n\nEaglet, seamer\n\nMai.\n\n145 Caldwell\n\nMainas, stramer\n\nCage. Mangarel, batą.\n\nBritish\n\nAlireal, ship\n\nAfro the Great,\n\nAlligator, lig\n\nAnglia, barque\n\nA. P. Sharp, barke\n\nle\n\nMock River Jacket, bq.!\n\nCarible ship\n\nCrishan, banque\n\nDuke of Portland, ship\n\nEamon, rezoaner\n\nEmma, achooner\n\nFanny, ban\n\nForm, camer\n\nFriedrick, belg Jamiitan, slip Hazard, schocier Julinder, Jacque\n\nLuorink, big\n\no Iurie\n\nLy, thou\n\nBart of Maulwicke, by\n\nHornet, sooner\n\nLouisa Baillie, sup\n\nMalebr\n\nNina schooner\n\nPearl, stip\n\nSarai. Armitage, ship\n\nTravancare, ship\n\nVigilant, arque\n\nMazeppa, schooner\n\nFlongkong sb. 26 790 Browning\n\nReh. 13, 846 Mefntyr\n\nFeb. 26 sindi\n\nMar 989.Sharp\n\nMar. 12' 265 Sich\n\nMar. 20, $74 Winchester\n\nFeb. 1272 Tuscolt\n\n21 533 Sumor\n\nMar. 30 149ring\n\nMar. 19 120 upper\n\nMor. 5 Prasmith\n\nMar. 11 750regear\n\nJan. 16 990 Neville\n\nMar. 15 433[Fare\n\nMar. 20 184eary Jan. 24530 Bolto Mar 30 289 Crocket Mar 29 3-har's [Mar. 131 180Makelier Mar. 30/1250 lowe\n\nSaj 533 Spence ar 30 148\n\nMar. 25190leggett\n\nMar, 26247)ncher\n\nFalk, 27 168 Nordqvist\n\nMar.\n\n464 Legoe\n\nMar. 22 115 Rayer\n\nMar. 23 605 Macker.zie\n\nMar. 160-te\n\nMar. 9 582 Towa Tea\n\nS Station Mar.\n\n5953\n\n163 Button\n\n142 Marios\n\nTan Berd at Co Vacs Stephenson\n\nGrind, Fivlagston and Co\n\nY. J. Murr\n\nArmstrong and Lawrence Uriur\n\nDent and Co\n\nY. J. Murrow\n\nTurner and Co Jardins, Mathe\n\nP.&O. 5. N. Co\n\nJarl, Mathos and Co\n\nwitanie, Anthen and\n\nFlescher and Co\n\nRaseuli and Co\n\nardine, Mathagon and Co\n\nP. & S. N. Co\n\nosvenor and de Siemsson and Co\n\nOrder\n\norlowitz and Cə\n\nder\n\nNathaly and Co\n\nJohn Burd at\n\nBrandao antil Ca\n\ndarling, tiles and Co\n\nTurner and Co\n\nJ. C. Confor\n\nMarine, Mathew, and Co\n\nDent and Co\n\nJamine, Matheson and Co\n\nDent and Co\n\nOrder\n\nZephyr, schooner\n\nAmin, staler\n\n\"\n\nDas.\n\nFeb.\n\n\"\n\n346\n\nEited up\n\nisitangha\n\npore and Cal, and.\n\nLes Imm\n\nFreighbor Char\n\nCelibri, big\n\nLima, bargre Mathilde, brig\n\nNicoline, whip Quaries Ross, banyoo Qusmine Lac\n\nEnterprise, schooner\n\nPodveta, quo Crnar, barne Hularich Gustav, brig Handilai, sek\n\nFARME\n\nLevaut, xhip General laro, ship En ship\n\nL'erviun\n\nJose C. Ugarte, ship Petion, barque Carinen, barye\n\nLinin, skip\n\nMicano, banque\n\nUgaris y Santiago,\n\nCriani, dig\n\nCatalin, ship\n\nRasita, scrooner\n\nAutenia Terry, hip\n\nJ. Terry, ship\n\nAANIGRA\n\nGelender, baryas\n\nSpesiali\n\nCosta, tig\n\nDenia, echuuler\n\nScratina, sup\n\nby.\n\nV. Kinavia, bug\n\nNarciss. brig\n\nReculito, souber\n\nYlesno, trig\n\nNeptus, rig\n\nSalve, brig\n\nDurdo, brig\n\nMar\n\nKar.\n\n1 609 Wagner\n\n1780mvei\n\n507 Mubar\n\n472fheon\n\n292day\n\npar: 221 70uillardsk\n\nEnst Coast Mar.\n\n600; Weber\n\nSupt. 8 401 Thamns\n\n14\n\nMar.\n\nAmoy ¡Mar\n\nMac.\n\nד'\n\nWm. Pastu aid to\n\nJLunes Stephenson\n\nSchoofter and 6\n\nSchaefer and Co\n\nOrder\n\nHungkung\n\nNpo & 'kong Perly New York\n\nAustralia\n\nSai: Francisco\n\n1.d.\n\nSydney & Melbmd. Shanghe\n\nLord\n\nAdol&P.Phillipmd.\n\nEast Coast\n\nardino, Malleson and Co Batavia\n\nOrder\n\nOrder\n\n8 Starkenburg Order\n\n234 Lewis\n\nFeb. 21 324 kút\n\nSwating Mac\n\nOrder\n\nOrder\n\n50Jurriaanse Order\n\nSnimith Oxier\n\nFvb-chan Pah. 425 Bonderkiak'Order\n\nShangban Feb. 30 411 Verachoor Deal, Beals and Co\n\n15\n\nFeb. 28 582 Boar\n\nHongkong Mar. 22 410 Sir Ben\n\nMar. 29 180 Krase\n\n31\n\n36ar. 13 33olgensen\n\nBaal Coast Mar.\n\nShanghae Web. 10 339 Thiessen\n\nMar. Mar\n\nW sau and Co\n\nTuhchac ¡Bvalow\n\nInd Early\n\nJohn Burd sei c\n\nJardine, acheson and Co κέλτικες\n\nCowes\n\nEarly\n\nWm. I'usiau and Co\n\nWm, Ruslan and Co\n\nikeres not Co\n\nCarlowitz and Co\n\n300 Allebar\n\n264 Salmidt\n\nCharler\n\nHongkong Mar. 25 200 Kier\n\nMar\n\nJohn Burd and Co\n\n18 Christiansen John Burd and Co\n\nMar 28 202 Broken\n\nFeb. 9; 162 Wallenen Whampoa Fah. 22 230|lie Fol\n\n400 thieveking Mar. M137 Uulivenda East Coast Peh 440 Jessen\n\nMac Pcb\n\nSwator Mar\n\nMac Sanghan Mar\n\nHer and Co\n\nWin. Pusa and fa Siemasza and Co Win. l'estes and Co Wm. Pastau and Co Augustino leard and Co 148 Suhit erg Win. Pustan and Co 450ngsiboch der 238 verge Drier\n\nal Ca Lindsay at Co\n\n160 Kreutzfeldtems 110 Reiner\n\nHongkong Mar. 1 283 Couper\n\nMacao M\n\nMax.\n\nHongkong Nos. 14 589anama\n\nArmstrong and Lawrance\n\nSan Francisco\n\nHamburg\n\nส\n\nUnder seinare\n\n450 Gill\n\nAsatrug and Lawrence\n\nAustralia\n\njlund.\n\n8 244: Defervari 35oj Baker\n\nVardine, Matheson and De jamay W. M. Rubinst and Cɔ\n\nNov. 13 250 Barry\n\n21\n\nW. M. Robinet and Co Under\n\nEast Coast\n\nFeb. 16' 199!Arnie\n\nItepairing\n\nMar.\n\nWhampoa Mar.\n\nMar. 10 29Mazeres\n\nPast Const Mar\n\nSwarow\n\nDec\n\nFul-chan Mar.\n\nAugustine Heal and Co\n\nRobinct and Co 21Savason. M. Cobinet a Co\n\n600 Wilso\n\nOrder 201,Juder word, Augustin? Heard and Co\n\nShanghae Pen $2200 Giganter Russell and Co\n\nJau 1004 Cortina\n\nHongkong Feb. 17340) Hongkong dar. 25 140 Sarria\n\nStr. 225kil Mar. 28 415adiz Mar. 126arcia\n\nMaceo\n\nMar 19 150luma Mar. 13srors\n\n11 27 46empere\n\nWampon Ma Sel-Suveven\n\nW. M. Roisina 20:4 Co\n\nUnder\n\nJ. V. Torge\n\nOrder\n\nHongkong\n\nBangkok\n\nEarly\n\n!L. J. Gulierenz\n\nvall, St and Co\n\nRail\n\nR. Garreta\n\nKantla\n\nGarreta\n\nYiocos\n\norder\n\nManila\n\nTait and Co\n\nVider\n\nJ. V. Jorge\n\nMar 15 131 Summers Kinder Amoy Mar 7\n\nMar.\n\nBest Coast Mar.\n\n240 Welsh\n\n¡P. D. Syme and Co\n\nMar\n\n465 Vineent\n\nMar\n\n274jitall\n\nSwarow\n\nJan,\n\n29 Fice\n\nMar\n\n149 Mooney\n\nOrder\n\nマジョル\n\n952 Raver\n\nOrder\n\nWaton and Co\n\nShanglue\n\nder\n\naddine, Math and Co\n\nUnder\n\nOnder\n\nShangbas\n\nRussell and Co\n\nAugustine Flourd and Ca\n\nadine, Matlicon and Co Wetnore and\n\nAustralia\n\nExcu\n\nJarlie, Matheson and Co Dant and Ca\n\nSwith. Keanely and Co\n\nFreight or Char\n\n10100, Livingsted and Ch\n\nEarly\n\nEast Cuasi Fol\n\n148 Prowes\n\nReis and Co\n\n226, alerte\n\nOrder\n\nShanghe ar\n\nit. & 0. 8. X. Ch\n\nShaw, Bland and Co\n\nAustralia\n\nEarly\n\nLizzie Jarvis, ship\n\nWhan pos Mar. 11\n\nIng Crosby\n\n550 Set, www\n\nde Burcowa\n\nSyviuey\n\nChinese\n\nPretighter Char\n\nlenkin, Faraon and Co\n\nLondon\n\nsealed\n\nBaty\n\nCoz facing, steamer\n\nWan, Pustuu and Co\n\nS. E. Inerows\n\ntient, Beale and Co\n\nTotdea\n\nal\n\nBause arque\n\nLouisa, harqe\n\nCity of London, bq.\n\nForerunner, selcounter Dealong, barque Sarah Lucy, ebiy\n\nFortas, brig\n\nAt Key, Behconer\n\nEllou Oliver, barque\n\nGazelle, seboouer\n\nWhampica, barguo\n\nExcellent, brig\n\nAfrica, are\n\nAntipodes, arquc\n\nJane. Mishall, slip\n\nKolt-on, up\n\nSex, ship\n\nWild Darrell, cl\n\nAgra, ship\n\nBlenheim, ship\n\nDuck, sclismer\n\nEllen, barque\n\nErin, steamer\n\nFormass, ship\n\nHistle, Ach.\n\nJane Maria, orig\n\nLady kingson, ab.\n\nLord of the lea. ship:\n\nMori, plep\n\nJan.\n\n450 Day\n\nChinniew Jan. 28orst\n\nAmey Mar 5 121 Wilson\n\nTait and Go\n\n083 Henderson Fisicher and Co\n\n11 Fax\n\nFeb. 17 876 Gale Ningpo Feb. 335 Curtis Ful-chau Mar. 615 Woot\n\nFeb. 24, 420 Turboil Yor.\n\n98% Young\n\nFeb. 11 846 Pant\n\nFeb. 16 D Seal\n\nWonging Mar. 190 Farlane\n\nShanghac Feb. 23 714 Bulgo\n\nFeb. 24 300 Walker\n\nEeb. 22 809iSanks\n\nMar\n\n$59 Jamieson\n\nJan. 25 40 Rollason\n\nFor 11 50Cces\n\nFair. 25 226 Bovey\n\nFch. 81200 Wilson\n\nMar. 13 sataxi Peb.\n\npremier\n\nLindras and Co.\n\nDent, Beale and C\n\nAnn, ship\n\nfar\n\nFe.\n\nMarine. Matheson and Co Lendon\n\nella Co\n\nSwedish Chieftain, burque\n\nKramn Augusto, brig\n\nChilias Frolic, hin\n\nOudenbury Schlosser, barque\n\nNew Grenadian\n\nWhatupo Mar 1 298 gera\n\nWhempos Mar. 20 250 Hasselhoff Dreyer and Co\n\nOrder\n\nShaughse Mar. 430 Gough\n\nEdited, Printed, sud Published by ROBERT STRACHAN, at the longlowy Register Office: Dage Ste\n\nVictoria, Hongkuag. Tuesday, April 1. 1889.\n\n188\n\nThe Hongkong Register.\n\nVol. XXIX. Na. 23.\n\nINTIMATIONS.\n\nNOTICE.\n\nATHEREAS the Firm of NYE BROTHERS & ..\n\nWo Cuntat, Chica, did, on the 11th day of March,\n\nVICTORIA, TUESDAY, JUNE 3, 1856.\n\nNOTICES OF FIRMS.\n\nNOTICE.\n\nE have established at Hongkong, under the same\n\nstyle, a branch of our business. MR. LUDWIG WIESE is admitted a Partuer in our\n\n1866, at the Office of the United States Cosmulate in tlanton, execute an Assignment of all their Property, real¦ Firm. and personal, in trust for the benefit of their Creditors, to the undersigned: We hereby give notice to all cuncorn ed to make payment to us of all uns de te, and to present to us any claims against the arid Firm.\n\nRUSSELL & 670.\n\nCanton, 18th March, 1556.\n\nJAMES PURDON & O»,\n\nNOTICE\n\nSeamen's Hospital.\n\nTrustees JARDINE, Esq., C. D. WILLIAMS,\n\nSIEMSSEN & Ca,\n\nCanton, 31st March, 1855.\n\nNOTICE MRJ MACKRILL SMITH is authorised to Sign the\n\nKING & Co.\n\nMane of our Firms in China per peenrastin,\n\nCanton, 13th March, 1856.\n\nNOTICE.\n\nKey. Hon. W. T. Maxes, Fag., R.S. WALKER, E. Ma\n\nSuperintendent of the P. & U. Steam Navigation Com pany, (ex officio)\n\nPreueurer, MANIAC, Esq.\n\nBaristent Surgeon-RARD, JAOX.\n\nConsulting Surgeon W. A. HARLAND, M.D.\n\n75 cents per day.\n\ndoilar\n\nTERMS OF ADMISSION.\n\nPublic Warda,...\n\nIntermediate Wards,\n\nPrivate Rooms,..\n\n2 dullars\n\nPatients are also admitted on deposits, at the following rates, renewable one day previour to the amount depozited baving been expended,\n\nPublic Wards,\n\nintermediate,..\n\nPrivate Rooms,\n\n$15\n\n$20\n\n$30\n\nThe Captains or Consignees of Vessels must be respon sible for the expense of Patients sont by them to the Hospital.\n\nMB-A Hospital Bills to be reneipted by the Erasurer only.\n\nTHE\n\nSHIPPING.\n\nERPULAR\n\nSTEAM COMMUNICATION\n\nLytworn\n\nHONGKONG AND CANTON.\n\nTHE WILLAMETTE, Captain W. Conss.\n\nFrum Honyhang to Canton,\n\nwary MONDAY & THURSDAY, at è s'elock s.M. From Canton a laughong,\n\nevery TUESDAY & FRIDAY, at 10 o'clock a.m. For further particulars, apply to the Agents,\n\nROBERT S. WALKER, Hongkony, MAXIMILIAN FISCHER, Canton. Hongkong, 20th May, 1856.\n\nREGULAR\n\nSTEAM COMMUNICATION batwest\n\nHONGKONG AND CANTÓN.\n\nLE SIN CHARLES FORBES,\n\nTHE\n\nFrom Mongkong in Ornton,\n\nOVORY FUSSDAY and FRIDAY, at Pelock ..\n\nfrom Canton w Hongkong,\n\nevery WEDNESDAY and SATURDAY at 8 o'clock ..\n\nFo further particulers, apply to the Agents,\n\nROBERT S. WALKER, Hangbong, K.ROTTUNJKE & Co., Canë\n\nHongkong, 20th May, 1856.\n\nNOTICES OF FIRMS.\n\nNOTICE\n\nHE interest and responsibility of Mr. J. F. B. TRAUTMANN Firm ceased by his retire- iment therefrom on His March fast, and our Business will be sonducted nonauforward under the maponsibility of the remaining Partuen Mx. G. C. SCHWADE and M. FREDNIK BOWER\n\nShanghu, 10th May, 1850.\n\nM\n\nG. C. SCHWABE & Co.\n\nTHOMAS 1 WALKER.\n\nArchitect and Surveyor,\n\nQueen's Road, Victoria, Hongkong.\n\nNOTICE\n\nE undersigned have established themselves as Mer\n\nchures üşü Ayenis in this place, je Copartnership, Wider the style and Firm of FRAMJEE BOMANJEÉ CAMA & Gill,\n\nBOMANJEE FRAMJEE CAMA. FRAMJKE EDULINE.\n\nCanton, 1st May, 1836.\n\nNOTICE\n\nJAMES CROSSLEY saved to be a partner in\n\nMore on its dugast lost, on which date his\n\nJuverest and responsibility termuntert,\n\nG. C. SCHWARE & Co. Shanglue, 27th March, 1856.\n\nNOTICE.\n\nTHE Business of the late MR. JOZE VICENTE\n\nJORGE will from this riste de encried on by the undemned under the name of JUZE JUROE & Co. All outstanding accounts of the Estate will be received aud settled by the new firm.\n\nR. N. WEISMANN, in this day admitted a Pattuor\n\nin our Pure in Chius.\n\nREISS and Cu.\n\nCanton, 1st May, 1885.\n\nNOTICE\n\nTR. LUGH BOLD GIBB sa admitted a Partner\n\nGIBB, LIVINGSTON & Co.\n\nMin our Firma ou let Jetz. 1855.\n\nHongkong, 27th July, 1855.\n\nHOUSES.\n\nTO BE SOLD OR LET.\n\nITE imodisto passession, as SHANGHAE, The DWELLING Ilouse and BUSINESS PRE- MISES of the undersigned, together with the adjoining LAN in the roar of the Godowna, situated in a most con bral position, and fronting the River.\n\nApply to\n\nDIRON, GRAY & Co. Shaughse, 16th February, 1855.\n\nFOR SALE. HOSE Two HOUSES, with excellent Crowns, LAND- Wawel, as present in the op- tion of Messrs. LVAL, SL & Co. and símated on part of Marine Lot No. 10.\n\nFor particulars apply to\n\nJARDINE, MATHESON & Co.\n\nHongkong, 7th March 1855.\n\nFOR SALE.\n\nFOR SALE.\n\nUST received by the undersigned, ---- 100 Barrels Hall FLOUR.\n\n1,000 51th-bags Chili\n\n6,000\n\nRAISINS.\n\nAles, on hand,-\n\nINSURANCES,\n\nUNIVERSAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. ESTARIISAB 18 LONDON AND Calcutta, 1834. CONFIRMED BY SPECIAL ACT OF PARIJAMENT\n\n-\n\n6 William VI. Chap. 54. Invested Capital, B HUNDRED & FIFTY THOUSAND Pounds Sterling, of which Fry Lacs of Rupers are held by the Tian Branch,\n\nLondon Offics, No. 1, King William Street.\n\nChairman,\n\nSIR RENAY WILLO, KLS.\n\nINDIAN BRANCH, Directors,\n\nCHARLES R. PRINGLE, FL ALEXANDER WALLAGA, DE,\n\nWILLIAM B. SHOUL, E\n\nGEORGE BARZON Esq.,\n\nE. MACDONALD STEPHENACY, Esq.\n\nPhysician,\n\nAWAN WEEB, Bag, M.D.\n\nAgents and Sereiaris, M. BRADDON & Co\n\nMadras Agents,\n\nMessi BAINURADOK & Co.\n\nBombay Agents, Mears. LECSIR & Co.\n\n1. The marked success which has attended the opera tions of this society, justits the Directors in calling the ottention of the Public to the peruliar advantages held oul by this Luutitution to sil clag-en desirous of effecting\n\nBUTANCE Apor lives.\n\n2. The Tabies of Premium have been framed with the greadust cars. Toone applicable to India Eves have been Especially prepared from the experience of Indian mortal ity, and from the records of the Bast Indian Govern sent, and are an poderate as is deemed oonsistent with perfosi security.\n\n3. Proposals are received for Insuranets for the whale term of Life, either on a participating scale or ou & TUR parte puting scale at a lower rate of premium. Also for short perivda varying from one to seven years on very modcrate terms,\n\n4. An Annual division is made of One-fifth of the ascertained profits of the five preceding years, the other Pensfifth being set upart to enter into the average of of acreeding years.\n\n5. Of the gura annually divisible, heventy-five per cent\n\nINSURANCES.\n\nNo. 1,329\n\nRELIANCE MARINE INSURANCE SOCIETY. THE undersigned having been appointel Agonie Š\n\nPOLICIES, payable in loNDON, CALCUTTA, BOMBAY, KANGOON, PENAS, and SINGAPORK.\n\nCIBB, LIVINGSTON & Co. Hongkong, 26th April, 1856\n\nTHE LONDON AND ORIENTAL STEAM TRANSIT INSURANCE OFFICE 1 Established in 1849.,\n\nTHE findersigned are prepared to accept RISKS (covered by protecting POLICIES at bors and the varigan LoNON INUAR COMPANIES, by the PEN. INSULAR AND ORIENTAL STEAMERS from Can con und Bangkung, u Amoy, Shungiae, the Straits, Ceylon, the Prendencies of Iulia, Sues, and England.\n\nThe interest in the protecting Pocies is aseigned to be P. and 0. 5. N. Company for the purpose of their becoming the Medium of Paytast in the event of 1,000, For RATA OF PERICH and other information, apply fo\n\nROBERT & WADAs, Bmyksng.\n\nMATHILIAN FIS, C\n\nK. WABLES, Shangkur.\n\nH. T. Mansa, Singapore.\n\nA. P. LOVELL, Calcura.\n\nHORT FRANK, Madras, or\n\nJONN RI, Banbay.\n\nJAMES HARTLEY & Co.\n\nLondon, Bih January, 1851.\n\nALLIANER FIRE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF LONDON.\n\nTHE Undersigned having hotel uzat\n\nCure for the above COMPANY, are prepared to aucept ASSURANORS at Hongkong, as under\n\n1st-On Buildinga ot Brick or Stune, covered with Tiler, States, Metal, or other combustible Material, together with their Contents, when such Buildings are isolated from all others,-Kute of Pranium, per vend per Annua\n\nad-on ench Buildings and their Contents, when not so isolated, at the Rate of 1 per cent per Atore.\n\nAuces for 5 Months, and for 3 Mouths, of the Awal date will be churyou.\n\nOf the 1st Class-Assurances, for the present, will be accepted to the extent of £13,000 only vn og Risk. And of the 26 Class-To the extent of £8,500. A Building and its Contents taken together form oue Risk. Thus the above Smas may be udurwritten either on a Building alone, or the Contents alone; or, part on the Building, and part on the Contenta.\n\nNo Arazce is to be considered a force until the Premium be paid.\n\nAmongst other advantages of the Company, the As- eured will be natitled to participate in the Fronts alter Five successive payments.\n\nParties applying for ASSURANCES will please send\n\nis apportiosed to polley holders on the participating in full particulers of the Rish to be taken; any Deviation scale, we have paid six annual premiuus, and thans from which is one of the Company, wi profie can be applied either in reduction of subsequent visate the Policy. 40,000 Frach-baked NAVY BISCUIT, made of Chiti premiums, or usa Bouse to the original amount of the Flock, and guaranteed to keep weli.\n\nHongkong, 7th May, 1850.\n\nFOR SALE,\n\nESING\n\npolicy.\n\n3. The Annual redustion has averaged considerably | above 40 per cent, and in no one year as Ellen below\n\nthat sonnt\n\n7. The following table will shew the result of the last\n\nDORT WINE in Botle, SHEKEY in Bottle and Wood, divisita of profits as declared on the 9th May, 1855, at\n\naud BEER in Bottle.\n\ntan rate of 40 per cent, on the original manual premium:—\n\nReduced Original!\n\nAnnual Reduction. Annual Prynism\n\nApply\n\nALEX. WILSON. El Polar Godowns, 15th april, 1856.\n\nFOR SALE\n\nApply to\n\nBRST AN COAL\n\nHongkong, 7th April, 1855.\n\nFOR SALE.\n\nAge.\n\nDate of Sam As\n\nPolicy.\n\nsurof.\n\nPresi\n\n30\n\nOu cr\n\n10,000\n\n120\n\nCold Ro It-\n\n30\n\nbefore\n\nLINDSAY & Co.\n\n40\n\nthe 9th\n\n10.020\n\n590\n\nC\n\nMay,\n\n10.000\n\n150)\n\n10,000\n\n740 1,000\n\nREST Labuan STEAM COAL. PRICE, &350 per Ton.\n\nApply to\n\nHongkong, 7th April, 185tì.\n\nTRENCH CORKS.\n\nFOR SALE\n\nLINDSAY & Co.\n\nCHAMPAGNE, BRANDY, PORT WINE, PALE ¦and Gezper SHERRIES.\n\nCLARETS of Superior quailty. Chaters. Maxg 2, Moviny, St. Cslepke, St. Julien, and Lesviite.\n\nApply in HongKong and CANTON to\n\nLYALL, STILL & Co. flongkong, 7ih September, 1855.\n\nFOR SALE. CUPERIOR MADEIRA in Pipes, Half and Quarter?\n\nPipes, apply to\n\nALEX. WILSON, Menar. Jannis, Mayurson & Co.\n\nGallorans. East Point, 31st October, 1853.\n\nINSURANCES,\n\nNOTICK\n\nLONDON & ORIENTAL STEAM TRANSIT INSURANCE OFFICE, undersigned has received authority by the last bail to make all LOSSES ON POLICIES issued JOZE JORGE.\n\nhere by tbo above filice, payable in THREE MONTHS ZIDURO ANTONIO DE ALMEIDA. after oties, in place of six Months Macao, 3d April, 1956,\n\nROB. 3. WALKER, Agrante\n\nM\n\nNOTICE.\n\nFR JAMES McCORMICK is authorised to sigu vut\n\nFm per procuration.\n\nALVORD & Co.\n\nCanton, 12th Jannary, 1856.\n\nNOTICE.\n\nFR. THOMAS D. BOYU is authorized to sign our Mr Ficto\n\nP. D. SYME & C\n\nAmoy, 12th May. 1855.\n\nMR\n\nNOTICE.\n\nR. GRAHAM ANDERSON foinet me as a Partner on the 1st of January lušt. The buginese will be cried an in the base of D. W. MACKENZIE & Co.\n\nD. W. MACKENZIE.\n\nCanton, 5th Muralt, 1860.\n\nM. JAMES BROWN, Notary Public, MESURS, GASKELL & BROWN, Solicitora, Notaries Public, de\n\nQueen's Road, Victoria.\n\nHongkong. 6th Jan, 1855\n\nheretofore.\n\nNOTICE. LONDON ASSURANCE CORPORATION, Established by Charter 1720. E undersigned, Agouts at Hongkong for the above Corporation, Are prepared to grant POLICIES AGAINST FIRE, to the extent of £10,000, on any Huilding or Murthandize in the same.\n\nDENT & Co.. dynie\n\nIlangkung, 12th Aprit, 1855.\n\n------\n\nLONDON AND ORIENTAL STEAM TRANSIT\n\nINSURANCE OFFICE. and after this way, ir. MAXIMIZA FISCHER of and after this waves det sks\n\nof this Office.\n\nBOBERT S. WALKER,\n\nHongkong, 3 March 1854.\n\nAgent.\n\nof\n\n25%-0\n\n459 9?-> 298-0 296-0 851-0 444-C\n\n26-18\n\n112 0 618-0\n\na. Following in an Extract of the rates of Precium\n\nAnnual Premium for an Assurance on Rs 1,000.\n\n8858 1 Feer.\n\n98% 3 Fears.\n\nCIVIL\n\n128823\n\n*R\n\npete Profs.\n\n22\n\nના\n\nMr.\n\nEnglish\n\nJitter\n\n£ 18 %\n\nAge. 1 Year 3 Years5 Fears 7 Faith with life with-\n\n32588+\n\n38899\n\n45\n\nJARDINE, MATHESON & Co., Agema in Chron.\n\nHongkong, 1st January, 1845.\n\nMISCELLANEOUS.\n\nBREAD AND BISCUIT BAKERY, SINO, Bread and Biscuit Baker, and General Store Leper, bega to intimate, that he has consented arogiments to establish a Branch of his House at CANTON, in New French Hong, sud will be happy to supply Ladies and Gentlemen of the latter plac with that great Gesideralno-z superior article of Bread He Daltora Linsel that, from his long experience in sale, siness, and trom the facilities he posts of procuring, Et all times at finest brand of American Flour, viz., Gallego, he will be able to give a better article to int | furuishod by any rival establish uc\n\nBar wo keep constantly on hand, an assort ment of the best WINES, LIQUORS, BEER, sud PORTER in Quars and Pinda, OHMAN'S STORES, PERFUMERY, and STATIONERY, K., &c.\n\nHongkong, 1st May, 1956.\n\nSAN MIGUEL BRASS AND IRON FOUNDRY.\n\n\"NDER the Superlateniques of an Experiched Ba\n\nGILEER Orlere for all kinds of MACHINERY exented with despatch. Erxam ENGINES & BOILERS repaired. SHAFTS of the best Englen Tron from 5 to Orders to be aduresed Mussre. 9 inches diameter. 3. A. BARRETTO & Co., Maurier.\n\nA Cuniors LOT ATPAL-Dr. Wallis, while re siding near the Mississippi, married his landlady, an intercating young woman, aged twenty-sighs; after which he sled in Washington, a short distance from Columbia, where he enjoyed all the happiness that a worried man could desire.\n\n38\n\nBut his happiness was to be of short duration. Une morning a middle-aged ma waited upon him, and after some questions upon ja.\n\nPrijes.\n\n27\n\n28\n\n17\n\n33\n\n34\n\n40\n\n**\n\n55\n\n48\n\n13\n\n64\n\nJ5\n\n-------\n\n45\n\nIf that\n\ndifferent matters, he axited him he was married? The doctor replied \"yes\" \"And to a lady of colour 9. On return of Aesuere to Eatope for a permanent residing foredly in a town on the Mississippi\"\n\n\"Yea. Well that is my slave, and, although she is residence, their Premiums are immediately reduced to\n\nworth 2.000 dollars, I will only ask 300 for her, the English rate, hath on the participating and ou\n\nsum he not paid within an hour, I will advertise her as participating scales. If the Policy be according to the\n\nTUNAWAY. During the tour, the husband asked his participating scale, the reduction arising from profine ja allowed on the English race, thus admitting of a con-\n\nwife if she were a slave, and the property of the man tinuance of the Asserance in Europe on most moderate who had just left the buse?\" Yes,\" replied the wife, while teurs rulled down her cheeks; \"I am a slave, thus\n\nLerms.\n\n10. Military Officers holding Civil appointments are property of that man, who is my father.\" The busland allowed to subscribe at the Civil rates of Premium.\n\nkissed har, wiped away her tears, forgare the deception the bad practiced, to which love had instigated her, and then paid the required sun which made her his für life.\n\n11. Premiuma are payable citberannually. hall yearly, or quarterly, or monthly, and a guare of 28 days in allow- ed for such payment.\n\n12. Melical referees se renerated by the Society.\n\n---\n\nA SHORT PARLIAMENT.-The shortest parliament an\n\n13. At she period of last annual valuation, the Aseta record was that of 1390, which had but one session of\n\nof this Society were ascertained to be upwards of £550,000. a single day, and during that short space contrived to The amount of Potieres in force about £2,003,000 and upset one king and set up another.\n\nthe annual income arising frora przesiums thereon 200,099, exclusive of Interest ou the invested Capital.\n\nTables of ales, forma and instructions for cffecting Assuraneva, can be obtained un application to the Secre torics, or to\n\nROBERT S. WALKER,\n\nAceni.\n\nHangkong, 20th March, 1866.\n\nNOTICE\n\nHe undersigned, having heen appointed Agents for the CALCUTTA MERCANTILE MARINE INSURANCE SOCIETY, aro zady to save Policies in behalf of that Orbice, payahie in SINDACH, Penang, RANGOON, CALCUTTA, BONDAY, LORDON, and in CHINA.\n\nDAVID SASSOON, SONS & Co.\n\nCanton, 231 Jannury, 1856.\n\nMYSTICAL POLYGAMY.-The King of the Ashantees is allowed by law 3333 wives-at being the precise mystical number on which, it is said, the prosperity of the native depends.\n\nTRE\" AULING Passion.\"-On his death-bed a dia. tinguished humorist requested that no one might be Javited to his funeral, \"because,\" gasperl out the dying man, it is a civility I can never repay.\"\"\n\ndefire that officers of the Lavy should not wear bearda An admiralty circular may :-\"It is their furdships'\n\nof moustaches on board Her Majesty's ships.\n\nIn consequence of the probability of peace, an order\n\nhar beco already sed prohibiting nsval otcets from wearing moustaches while on full pay.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-056 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [6].txt",
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        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 241297,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-062 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 322,
        "title": "CO129-062 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "20\n\nNo. 5 FEBRUARY 3, 1857.\n\nMERCHANT VESSELS.—Continued.\n\nThe Hongkong Register.\n\nSHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.\n\nARRIVED,\n\nMERCHANT VESSELS—Continued.\n\nDate of Tave\n\nCORSION BA\n\nSame\n\nArrival\n\n27 Frick\n\nHongkong Jan. 28\n\nSneon Draper\n\nAm. ship\n\n200\n\nAshly\n\n26 Luni\n\n81. Zephyr\n\n31 May\n\nSiilelena\n\nJan. 29\n\nTuss\n\nBrit. ship\n\n24 Middleton\n\nShanglice\n\nJan. 25\n\nBellast Da.\n\nBrit. ship\n\nSimons\n\n81 Sir Jus. Brooke\n\nBrit. ship\n\n8795k: amer\n\nFeb. 1 Carondon\n\n1 Bansive\n\nBrit. xh.\n\n#50 MoGregor\n\nSingapore Dec. 37\n\nGeneral\n\nSingapore\n\nSun. 21\n\nTroops\n\nSanghus\n\nJan. 27\n\nBala River\n\nMina.\n\n207 Bambay,&Jur.\n\nOman\n\n1 Jacob Cornelia\n\nDut, ship\n\n492 Rosenboom\n\nBombay\n\nH31S. Porkowess\n\nCanton\n\nSAILED.\n\n1 Chempion\n\n3+\n\n2 Harraventa\n\nBril. b.\n\n445 Thurs\n\nBrit. at.\n\n1000 Aba\n\nAm. h.\n\n500 Gray\n\nFHA\n\nDAIS\n\nNAXE\n\n| FLLO &\n\nKiu\n\nBonghong Jan. 26\n\nThobe Danbar\n\nBrit. al.\n\n70 Tucker\n\nA Separa\n\n#\n\nFitohormal Ca\n\nP. & D. S. N. Co\n\nOrder\n\nSoler and Co\n\n225yal, Suli and Co\n\n688 Fieber und On\n\nApril 21\n\n120 Tarner sad Co\n\nOrlen\n\nMarinera Hope, Lrg\n\nAu Nile, brig\n\nShanghae\n\nAmericaa\n\nSegnoant, ship\n\nB. R. Milaro, ship\n\nDurrington, ship\n\nChanning, ship'\n\nCompetitor, ship\n\nNorwester, sisip\n\nArrival\n\nDate Tur\n\nCOXSTOMER\n\n535 King and Ca\n\n090Isaac M. Bolf & Co\n\nNov. 125Moner!, O. & Co\n\niBee. 1174jRussell and Co\n\nDuc.\n\n1500. Huar nd Co\n\n740Campton. II. & Co\n\nBall, Nye and Co\n\nDec 10 128 Heard and Co\n\nCormances of Seas ship\n\nDeo. 24782 wall and Co\n\n118 Order 289Dent, Deals and Co\n\nDurch\n\nAlbrecht Beiling, q.\n\nNov. G. C. D. You\n\nTwist, b\n\n700 Schafer and Co\n\n464 Selacier and do\n\n4788chiler and Co\n\n244. D. Sys and Ga|\n\nSmidlow, ship\n\nWhite Swallow, skip\n\nDanish\n\nDanmark, barque\n\nGloriosa, brig\n\nOuto, barga\n\nVirgine. brig\n\nSept. 182 Cracapton, IL & Co\n\nSept. 1012001. Kinard and o\n\n270 W. Pasta and Co\n\n10. uste abi Qə\n\n230iems and Co\n\n21Johe Burd and s\n\nSALO\n\nFLAU&\n\nAr\n\nDATE\n\nNAME\n\nTURB CAPTAIN FRCM\n\nSURO CARGO\n\nCONSTUNTES\n\nAmoy Brininte\n\nFuhelusu\n\nJan. 24 Teze\n\nrit. g. 20 Jonca\n\nJun. Gener\n\nBrit. 283 Thanpean\n\nSinggu\n\nBrit, ul. 148 Dring !Swaluw\n\nJan. 26kenyal\n\nA. Hoard and Ca\n\nComajou mad Clu\n\nBankno.M. sad Ca\n\nDent and Co\n\nJolie, M. and Co\n\nHardin, 51. and Craner brig\n\nBila, barque\n\nEllen Oliver, barjue\n\nEtama, schooner\n\nEraignent, bowma\n\nNov. Jardine, M.and Candily\n\nAanina, eh.\n\nForerunner, lawonor\n\nOne.\n\nHine Gem, brig\n\nJly\n\nNov.\n\n¡Feb.\n\nJan.\n\nDay.\n\n49Rusell and Co\n\nNor.\n\nJuly 2685 King and Co\n\n165. Fardon & Co\n\nNov, 18180 King acul Co-\n\n140 aprak\n\nEagle, shin\n\n251 Dont, and Co\n\nBuggle Wing, ship\n\n595 Under\n\nGoblen Wert, sip\n\n38u0nder\n\nHenry Harlock, ship\n\nNov. 1\n\n204Aater and Ch\n\nMails, &c.\n\nJau. 17 General\n\nNov. 3 General\n\nHoratio, ship\n\nNov. 18\n\nNymph, Larque\n\nlec.\n\nPet, arque\n\nAng.\n\n400 filmy and Co\n\n375'Urder\n\nMatilda, ship\n\nAri.\n\n680 Russell and Co\n\nclita, schooner\n\nJan.\n\n140 Russell and Co\n\nRoyal Lily, barque\n\nApril 28\n\n434, Russell and Co\n\nNeptune's Favorite, sh.jdet.\n\n134. Heard and Co\n\nSisters, brig\n\nHone\n\n158 is an! Ca\n\nUnele Tom, schooner\n\nept.\n\n1801ail, Still and\n\nWood Lark,brig\n\nPA 15\n\nOriaz\n\nCAPESIN\n\nFGa\n\nCANDO\n\nCorrenbes\n\nI'vrluyLave\n\nArora, buoner\n\nMay\n\nPapushon, steuer\n\nJune\n\nLive. 326 and Co\n\n26 Aroat\n\n.bk. 27oct Lam a ale\n\nSingapore iShangrae\n\nHathwa Sundries\n\n27 Remi\n\nBr, str. 229)and\n\nShanghac\n\nSundries\n\nBria ok. 3748{lva\n\n29 Recapont\n\nBrit. str. 336 Crockett\n\nSingapore Sundrice\n\nShanghas\n\nSundries Jardine, M. and Co\n\nSandrian Wm. Pustau and Co\n\nKing end\n\nos n Cz der Sandries Jarine, M, sud Co\n\nAmerican\n\nJan. 14 266 Siemen and Co\n\nCarlow, schooner\n\nSupt\n\nFlorida, big\n\nΚαν.\n\nHado, abip\n\nแบบ\n\n$49 Queboil and Co\n\nUse Lyal. Still and Co\n\n597W.M.Bobinet & fo\n\nSev Jan.\n\n250 Uverweg ad Co\n\n133 W. Pustau and Co\n\nHamburg\n\nFapocanz buraz\n\nau\n\nAdmiral Laman, ship\n\nDes\n\nJaunius), pokaduer\n\nies.\n\n+\n\n20 Lahura\n\nBeit, str. 400jBrowes\n\nIserl, rig\n\nAky.\n\n24 Alapco\n\nBrit, bit. 677 Mason\n\nLindsay and Co\n\nLima, barque\n\nNov.\n\nBonabag, 20. Muila, fc\n\nSleeglina Sundrier\n\nShanghon Sundries\n\nMERCHANT VESSELS.--Continued.\n\njatin Long, barco\n\nJune\n\nMary Ralp\n\nThe\n\n404 Biousson and Co\n\nW. Pastan and s\n\nWm. Pusta al Co\n\nFustina, burqve\n\nAng.\n\n337 in Salt\n\nMercarius, arque\n\n1808chur and O\n\nthiader, atque\n\nSenator, b\n\n250W. Put and Tə\n\nPlclades,\n\nJuly\n\nPrussian\n\nAinarika, brig\n\nOcc.\n\n21 Tutmeet and Co\n\nVernel, hig\n\nDea.\n\n21€ Dreyer and Ca\n\nSiamese\n\nDec.\n\n225|Steraan and Co\n\nSCIPS\n\nFhanbury\n\nBouits, brig\n\nNov.\n\n311 John B\n\nBangkok Mark, ship\n\nGodisler, Jarque\n\nAng\n\nEBS Order\n\naly\n\nKing and Co\n\nand Co\n\nSue ship\n\nfang, 9 Stoking sna Co\n\nLaco.\n\n200, Dreyer al Ba\n\nApril\n\n176 Urder\n\nAng. 10385 Kasseli and Co\n\n118 Jardins, and to\n\nNor.\n\nClarita, brig\n\nCora, ship\n\nAvg.\n\nDea.\n\n400 Order\n\nSiamese\n\nSea Hone, que\n\nSian, barque\n\nAug.\n\n430 Order\n\nJuly\n\n32: Order\n\nSpanis\n\n29.\n\nJan. 2 198 W31. Robinet & Co\n\nBan Lorenze, brig\n\nSeraphina, ship\n\nNov.\n\nJuly 11\n\n220 F. D. Syme and Co\n\n16F. D. Syme and C\n\nTESSEL\n\nAT\n\nFLAG\n\nFubchan British\n\nAcarn\n\nBictor\n\nHhong Scop\n\nAgnes Garland, atque\n\nNor Mady, sing\n\n255,0. L, and Co\n\nCalcutta\n\nAng.\n\n1500. Nathaluoy & Cu\n\nkong Flag Ship\n\n84\n\nMelanie, barqu\n\njau.\n\n18. Heard and\n\nCams\n\n14: Jenkins\n\nNov.\n\n510)Dem and Ca\n\nPantaloon, brig\n\nNev.\n\nSoCamajos and Co\n\nfixcogier\n\nPowai, si\n\nfact.\n\n687ade, M. and Ca\n\n| Mercales\n\nDet. 24] 628A. Heard and Co\n\nH&ret\n\nAng. 20 Gas Gito, L. and Co\n\nMiss\n\nSe Dec.\n\n550 Rassell and Co\n\n31 Bollu\n\n2 Virginie\n\n20 Boulay\n\nB: pr. 600 Curling Bets. bg\n\n107 Makissiek ian.\n\n168 Appon\n\nSHIPPING IN CHINA.\n\nMERCHANT VESSELS.\n\nLondoR Smudries Lindsay and Co\n\nTORT Sundries\n\nP. &Ì & N. Co\n\nSmies\n\nAt Hongkong\n\n• British\n\nDate ut! anini\n\nTONS! CONSIUNEES\n\nAlfred the Great, ship\n\nCot. 24 312 Fames Steplanon\n\nAlligator, brig\n\nAulandsle, ship\n\nAeasy, ship\n\nAustralia, ship\n\nAvaca, bargur\n\nJaner, schooner\n\nBanekae, haque\n\nBreshera, Utg\n\nCaldera, ship\n\nCadiz, wamer\n\nCity of Carlisle, ship\n\nClarendon, ship\n\nDeva, ship\n\nPaglub, steamer\n\nBarl Grey, hangne\n\nEena, brig\n\nErin, steamer\n\nEurquie, stip\n\nExcellent, brig\n\nFalco, ship\n\nFous, ship\n\nGlencoe, sp\n\nGood Success, thiş\n\nHoro, abip\n\nJubu Matible, ship\n\nKensington, ship\n\nLady Hayes, barque\n\nLanrick, brig\n\nLord Bagian, ship\n\nLouis, Barque\n\nMaryhull, schooner\n\nMaria Hay, hip\n\nNeure brig\n\nNimrod, ship\n\nPanhua, brig\n\nPerseverance, barque\n\nPrincos Royal, ship\n\nPady Daveon. thip\n\nBamarang, barque\n\nJan. 17 187Gibb, L, and Cu\n\nDec. 7yall, Sail and Co\n\nJan. 1673 Fletcher aud Co\n\nSept. 560 John Bard and Ca\n\nSept. 30 SuRusch and Co\n\nJa, 155ohn Burd and Co\n\nFeb. 14Jardine, M. and Co\n\nDec. 16 2400-der\n\nJan. 820;Under\n\nFeb. 1006P. & O. S. N. C\n\nJau. 15 936 Jardins, M. and Co\n\nFeb. 850 Jardine, M. and Co\n\nJan, 181039 Ruseli and Co\n\nDos. 8 165lemsson and Co\n\nDec. 17 67 Jardine, M.\n\nJan. 26 207 Vaunaice and Co\n\nJua. 850. & G. S. N. C\n\nDec 28 728 Order\n\nNov. 3835 Lyull, Still and Cu\n\nSept. 26 430 Jardine, M. & Co\n\nJun. 14 400Order\n\nJau 1784 N. Murray and Co\n\nNay. 5 500Jardine, M. & Co\n\nJan. 1| 401| Lindsay and Cə\n\nJou 2 500 Turner and Co\n\nJan. 1a 800Order\n\nGet. 18 318iten. Duddell\n\nJan. 27 282 Jardine, M. and Co\n\nDec. 17581anline, M. & Co\n\nJan. 11 374Dent and Co\n\nlocs, si 19els. E. Burrows\n\nJan. 31 924 Jardin, M. and Co\n\nDec. 1l 200Order\n\nJan 23 33 Dent and Co\n\nddell\n\n0 14 148o.\n\nHongkong Hamburg\n\nAar, ship\n\nAlbis, schoonet\n\nMewor, saip\n\nPerucian\n\nAmireas, brig\n\nAnbitvet, ship\n\nCarmon, barque\n\nCallao, barqué\n\nSantiago, barque\n\nUgarte y Sauiing,\n\nSiamese\n\nNoortol, barque\n\nSan Juan, barque\n\nSiamese Crowa, chip\n\nSintoy, schooner\n\nSpanish\n\nPetua, schooner\n\nBremen\n\nC. Melchers, barque\n\nSoloo, barque\n\nChitian\n\nAlianza, Lurquo\n\nGreyhound. Phip\n\nSaray, enhuoner\n\nNew Granndian\n\n| Anuic. barque\n\nMacao\n\nBritian\n\nRoehampton, ship\n\n1 Date of Town\n\nArrival\n\nDec. 31 W. Postan and Co\n\nNev, 16 aga John Burd and Co\n\nJan. 15 540, Sierunson and Co\n\nHalt and Co\n\nNov. 15 Nov. 12 540 W. M. Robinet& Co\n\nDec. 23 356 J. J. das Henesis\n\nJan. 23248 Wm l'ostau and Co\n\nDec. 193 J. J. des Becicios\n\nSept. 13, 200 Order\n\nNov. 39; 4500ndar\n\nDec. 15 800 Order\n\nAug. 28 250 Order\n\nChico, belg\n\nBuno Ayres, brig\n\nChristiau, brig\n\nFaust, schooner\n\nPavian\n\nRosalia, arque\n\nNov. 37 230 Lyall, Still and Co\n\nNow Era, ship\n\nJan. 24 47NR S. Waller\n\nQel 2 186: John Bard and Co\n\nQueensbury, kip\n\nJan. 23 210Order\n\nNov. 250W. Fustan and Co\n\nD. 22 325 W. Lubinet & Co\n\nJuly 13 907Edward and Balley\n\nPortuguese\n\nEnando Macaense, hire.\n\nMay 251 207 Jose d'Almeida\n\n394. J. das Beridos\n\nMaria Carlota, banque.Tan.\n\nSanyma, barque\n\nTona 21|| 170|§. J. dun Renadioe\n\nSept Tremely, barens\n\n375bindsay and Ca\n\n670 Dont and Co\n\nFraich\n\nPort de Bordeaux, ship\n\nOct.\n\nAmerican\n\nHoher Sall, All\n\nAmerican\n\nAnnie Busiwam, by.\n\nFlyaway, skip\n\nKingsher, ship\n\nMandarin, shin\n\nHamburg\n\nAbardus, barque\n\n250W.M. Robinel & Co\n\n1375|W.M.Robinet & Co\n\n126da. Heard and Ce\n\nMay 10 200 Russell and Co\n\nAug. 318&farstine, M. and Co\n\n778A. Jies and Co\n\nRussell and Co\n\nوندی کی\n\n400 Siemsson and Co\n\nSprintma\n\nSanta Leda. Larque\n\nOldeanzung Schlosser, bargue\n\nSept. 3 77W. Pustan and C\n\n550 W. Pustau und Ca\n\nBRITISH SRIPS DE WAR IN CHINA.\n\nCanton Sloop Barratte\n\nHeng P. W. ST.\n\nCloromeda\n\nNankin\n\nNiger\n\nRacehorse\n\nSampeon!\n\nSybille\n\nCanton Sloop\n\nGanton P. W., Str.\n\nCanton Ser. Str.\n\nkong Hospital\n\nCanchor. Str.\n\nH.kong Store Ship\n\nLingue Pigate\n\nCanton Ser Str.\n\nglas Brigato\n\nBubcha Song\n\nAmey P. W. Str.\n\nHogue Priate\n\nט\n\nCOMMANDRA\n\n12 A. W. A. Hood\n\nT. A Furtescue\n\n12 Ticut, Beamish\n\nCapt. W. K. Hall\n\n& Douglas 1.W.DO'Callaghan\n\n12\n\nForny fl\n\nJH. T. ER, Master\n\n60 Hon. Keith Stowel\n\n13 Hon. A. A. Cochrane\n\n40 Sir S. W. E. Nicolson\n\n14 3. R. Barnard\n\n& G. & Fund\n\n40 Wire. Hon, C. Ellied\n\nBRITISH SHIPS OF WAR EXPECTED.\n\nCOMMANDERS\n\nW. T. Bate\n\nG. T. Colville\n\nCa BIGLAND\n\nGolden Racer, ship\n\ni\n\nSamuel Russol, ahip\n\nMay\n\nSarah II. Snow, by.\n\nにし、\n\n420 King and Co\n\nAng. ace! A.A. de Mello & Co\n\nVancouver, ship\n\nJuus\n\n$18 Kussell and Co\n\n$20John Bard and Co\n\n¡SAILED FROM\n\nWedentara, banque\n\nLouisiana, arque\n\nDutch\n\nApril22\n\nNingpo Britian\n\nCornacle, ship\n\n348,W.M. Rebisen&Car, shooner\n\nSolon, banque\n\nArtoon\n\n28 Prigate.\n\nNov.\n\nAerity\n\nH. Kajone\n\n4 Ser. Str.\n\nMar.\n\n632 Dent, Baale and On | Buscaṛd\n\nCWERAD\n\nGun Boat\n\nOct. 25\n\nOct. Oct.\n\n180 kindsay and Co\n\nCamilla\n\n13 Scop\n\nGOJE Bord and Co\n\nCesiser\n\nC. Fellowes\n\nElt\n\nBarcas, brig\n\nLort\n\nDroggrabank, ship\n\nDet.\n\n695 ebaeffer med Do\n\n257. Puslan and Co\n\nWilmingtou, ohuones\n\nFeb.\n\n$6 R and Co\n\nForester\n\nA. J. Lunes\n\nFury\n\nEverdina Elizabeth,bq.\n\nJan.\n\n600 Schaeffer and Co\n\nHaughty\n\nSt. Helena, bug\n\nDee.\n\n1896chauder and Co\n\nLightver\n\nJuflexible\n\nJan. 24 103 James Stephenson\n\nTouis, ship\n\n52:Order\n\nArg\n\n497 J. Bowmen and Co\n\nOposzan\n\nFrow Jolierna, bij.\n\nDet.\n\n530 Beneffer and Co\n\nNo. 28 1247 Darley, W, and 0%\n\nOsprey\n\nHenburg\n\nDec.\n\n914 Turner and Co.\n\nPlayer\n\nLaum & Louie, by\n\nRase, rig\n\nJau,\n\n248 Dryer and Co\n\nKaleigh\n\nJair 1\n\n1768. Burrowa\n\nNov. 28, 372 Lindsay and Co\n\nBandei\n\nJuly\n\nNar.\n\n7.8 Deb and Co\n\nStarling\n\nJA, J. Villers\n\nSept.\n\n175 Burner and Co\n\nJaas\n\n280 Joan Band and Go\n\nen\n\n100 Holiday, Wis: GÜC\n\n120 121\n\nSept. 15 286 Turner and Co\n\nDec 28 900 Dent and Co\n\nDec. 93 78) Onder\n\nDec. 26 560 Dent and Ca\n\nBir Jamar Broshe, str.\n\nJan 91 73 lecher and Co\n\nSpeedy, ship\n\nSpirit of the North, eh.\n\nNov, 11 67, L. and Co\n\nSollane, barque\n\nTruro, ship\n\nUnicoro, simmer\n\nVizzinie skip\n\nVivid, brig\n\nWegsoia, stip\n\nOct. 1 588ebatfer and C\n\nJan. 2469rder\n\nAug. 16 786 Taos. Hunt and Co\n\nJaur 18 830yal, Su, and Co\n\nNov. 143ardine, M. & Co\n\n¡Dee. 24 549 Illiday, Wise&Co\n\nWater Witch, harque\n\nJan. 15) 958). Laprak WP.. Nii\n\nWiki Wave, selvoner\n\nJan. 24. 200/Jardine, M. & Co\n\njosemary -\n\nZepliyi, chonne\n\nFrench\n\nEtaile, Ba\n\nInitia, barque\n\nMansur, Lip\n\nMount Riant, ship\n\nSaceos. ship\n\nJan. 3, 118 Dent and Co\n\nJa 21 389korder\n\nJan. 10j 545;Deas and Co\n\nDec. 26 617ent and Ca\n\n¡Nov. 2) 414jOrder\n\nWillemins, brig\n\n1'/\n\nGimeneze, ship\n\nمشهدال\n\n224 Schacter anti Co\n\net. 15 600 Order\n\nA MEDICAR\n\nShanghae\n\nBritish\n\nAlbert Bowd, ship\n\nAliquis, sp\n\nAlchymies, ship\n\nArrow ship\n\nAngrata, alip\n\nBailarat, li\n\nChallenger, Earque\n\nMara Nativaladept 28 010 M. Rolanes & Co\n\nChieftain, arc\n\nEast Coast\n\nArn, stomer\n\nVille de Dieppe, barqueFan. 2014)yali, St and Co\n\nproste, abip\n\nAmercom\n\nAutonita. schooner\n\nAntelope, steder\n\nBarham, arque\n\nCarben, schooner\n\nChampion, ship\n\nDee. 1134rder\n\nJan. 24 200 iussell and Co\n\nOct 28 248 W. Pustau and Co\n\nDen 26 200. Girly\n\nFeb.\n\n360 Order\n\nC. W. Bradley, Jr., bc, Oct. 9 218A. Heard and Co\n\nDom Quixoto, ekip\n\nDement, ship\n\nFaruka, ship\n\nFrancis P. age, ship\n\nGarland, schooter\n\nHolen Mar, barque\n\nJames Maishail, brig\n\nJ. Godfrey, barque\n\nHate Hooper, shig\n\n2438 King and Co\n\nBan. 18 4003. fleard and Co\n\nNov. 5100, Heard and Co\n\nNov. 12115Jardine, 1. & Co\n\nJan. 15 118s. E. Burrows\n\nDec. 26 saalonder\n\nAnek tan, argue\n\nPorly, ship\n\n16% Robers S. Walker\n\n115andine, M. and\n\nConfums Ship\n\nCrystal Palace, eng\n\nElisse, barqu\n\nBizabeth, brig\n\nFazil Curria, barque\n\nForrtev.sip\n\nCots, ship\n\n537 Curlewine and Co\n\n140Jardins, M. & C\n\nDe 12 25 Birley, W. and Ca\n\nJane 15, 566 per and Co\n\nJan.\n\n207 Viliam P. and Cu\n\n8spt, in 20 Jarding, B. and Co\n\nMay 30 802 Tait and Co\n\nJ.F.C.Hamilton 12 Sicop\n\nC. T. Tudītie\n\nEL V Tamilcar\n\nSer. Str. Sept. 25\n\nFout Sept. 25\n\nKiun Boat Sept. 25\n\nGF.A.Shadwel 21 Scr. St.\n\nST. Corbett\n\nP. W. Str. Oct. 23.\n\n2. A. Campbell Bat\n\n54. 3. m.ield. S.\n\nKeith Stewart. Go Bast\n\nHou. R.Keppel 50 Trigate\n\nNov. 'Willmau\n\nBoat Sep, 25 ina Boot Oct. 25\n\nFOREJON SHIPS OF WAR IN CHINA\n\ndid\n\nAT\n\nFisc.\n\nCOMMANDERS.\n\n805. 839W.1. Warley &Co\n\nCatinat\n\nSur Are\n\nVirginin\n\nLevent\n\nPortsmouth\n\nJau 16 BJ, Kouper\n\nAug.\n\nGuzole, schooner\n\nQuetonio, bargco\n\nGeralWindham, slap\n\nDo Guinare, ship\n\nHeltespant, 6tomer\n\nIndia, barque\n\nBeta Hip\n\nW.M. Rubinel&Ross\n\nKate Carnie, Ali\n\nKelso, ship\n\nLaviermuir, ekip\n\n11 382 Giinue, B. and Co\n\nGsa Lyall, Stink and Co\n\nJuny 2002 graves and Co\n\n336 Jardine, M, and Co\n\nJau Sept. 15 53 Den, Brule & Co\n\nI. 21 020, Birley, W. and Co\n\nDee. 27560 Galien Co\n\nJou. 75%y Lindsay and Co\n\nSept. 26 952 as, Bowman Co\n\nLuly A. Dort barque\n\nNov. 8 870s. Koney and Cul\n\nLady Mary Wood, str.\n\nLammermuir, ship\n\nLouisa Baltic, ship\n\nMary Wieuheit, sp\n\nDee. 563 P. & 4. S. N. OS\n\nJan Bourns and Co\n\nAng. 24, 494 Gilman, B and\n\n1205 Jarine, M. Co\n\n780 and Ca\n\nSan Jacinto\n\nlungkung. Su. Houghong Fr. Frig.\n\nDangkong U. S. SL\n\nShangbae 17. S. Sh.\n\nR.-A. Gner in 50 Capt. Plas 18 St\n\nJC Fote\n\n(bars, Amtree. A\n\n{ Capt. Beli\n\ntea\n\nHongkong U. S. Str.\n\nFort Brig\n\n20 Cam. Tayfres\n\n21 (0) Daterin\n\nMuiden\n\nSulpicc\n\ndc.\n\nAlaxants\n\nPorthorea Prameel\n\n8. Rer Sp. Bg.\n\nHangkong Peru. Str.\n\n4 Briar.g\n\n14 Doran\n\nRECEIVING SHIPS.\n\nBritish\n\nJeliz\n\nChin Chin, arque\n\n310,Camajeu and\n\nBanons, schooner\n\nJa\n\n121 Dens zod Co\n\nJan. 21 56sell and Cu\n\nGaver achooner\n\nApril\n\nHart, schooner\n\nFly\n\n4 Y. J. Marrow\n\nHelen, brig\n\nJan\n\n130 Turtar and Co\n\nJuns\n\nMalac, urque\n\nAng\n\n869 lewitz and Co\n\nBlaze pjs, schooner\n\nu.\n\nBear, arhooner\n\nJuly\n\nTriopho, schooner\n\n200 D. Laprik\n\nFrench\n\nAnais, ship\n\nNov.\n\n632 Lyait, Stilt and Co\n\nAmerican\n\nJac.\n\n304W.M.Robinet & Co\n\nJaly\n\n1068 A. Huurd neu Co\n\nProgressive Age, rig\n\nNov.\n\n296 A. card and Co\n\nKugleader, shi\n\nMay\n\n1:56 A, Koard and Co\n\nSadie Peaza, ship\n\nSep\n\n875 Bonac Cad Os\n\nWitch, barone\n\nCe\n\n| 4100rder\n\nJan.\n\n100 Scbacter and Co\n\nferiests Marie, gee..\n\n581 Sebaffer and Co\n\nJuly\n\nJane\n\n700, F-W. Lawresno\n\ntopur\n\niwan\n\nNov.\n\nJameson\n\nC. S. Lungrana\n\n►\n\nWicusy\n\nSailtea\n\n126 Siemsson anal Co\n\nGerard\n\nDent & Co.\n\nFune\n\n218 John Bund and Co\n\nJord Ambers Anany\n\nBrown\n\nDent & C\n\nJav.\n\n202 Turner and Co\n\nPatlirler\n\n14M\n\nJa\n\n025 W. Pieter and Co\n\nHarleggin\n\nClutches Fitgibbon\n\nAug.\n\n800 Út\n\nTera\n\nParti\n\nDent & Co.\n\nDec.\n\nBremen\n\nBertha, arque\n\nSept\n\n40W, Pastau anil Os\n\nsir E. Aberamby, sb.Man.\n\nya Tamer od Os\n\nMahanolic Tubeca worl\n\nWuter Witch\n\nFalix, barne\n\nClitian\n\nJaz,\n\nJame\n\nKod Lyal, ul auá Ca\n\nVenilia, ship\n\nThen\n\nGaming, M. and Co\n\nHinly\n\nDent & Co.\n\nAnn Woleh\n\nWeorang\n\naircott\n\nA\n\n1. Icare & Co.\n\nVudex, schooner\n\nMa\n\nFully Jane\n\nKing\n\nFulkste\n\nBaylis\n\n478say and Co\n\nNimrod\n\nCobb\n\ni. S. Sons & Co.\n\nSea Horaé\n\nKeppel\n\nP. F. Curas & Ca\n\nHenderson Lindsay Co\n\nMan. 10 13. E Barrows\n\nNev. 18 456Y. J. Murrow\n\nDec. 1488Js. Stephenson\n\nMary Whitidge, chip\n\nNov. 27 07 Russell and Co\n\nMeteor, ship\n\nMins, schooner\n\nMiu, steamer\n\nMosaur ship\n\nNorth Wind, ahip\n\nN. B. Palmer, ship\n\nJan. 20088ja. Heard and Co\n\nMar 300rder\n\nJan. 14; 130 Russell and Co\n\nJuno 28 50Thorens Hunt &Co\n\nOct, 21041as Purdon and Co\n\nDec. 1100 Rossc aud Co\n\nQueen of Be Res, ship! Dec. 170350 all and Co\n\nBachand\n\nRescate, ship\n\nSimon Dumper, kali.\n\nSpotaran, ship\n\nStar King,\n\np\n\nTuskina, ship\n\nYeang America, slip\n\nDutch\n\nAlmonde, Tarque\n\nAnna Justina, ahty\n\nAhna Elizabeth, iq.\n\nChristina, bargne\n\nAug. 25 5303. E. Burrows\n\nSupt. 251 SUGRasseti and Ca\n\nJan. 26 20. Heard and Co\n\nNov. 2u1 826Order\n\nDoa, 11176 Order\n\nSept. 342 Y. J. Murrow\n\n8pt 202000). Iesed and Co\n\nDat. 19 600w. Postau and Co\n\nJas. 13 550 Schaeffer a d Co\n\nJan. 161iemisen und Co\n\nNov. 26 648 Schander and Co\n\nGeneral de Stucs, by.\n\nJan. 2 79Order\n\nHollar Astrow, haupe\n\nSept. 79, Schacter and Co\n\nJaenh Cats, banque\n\nOct. 22 800Saborifer and Co\n\nJacoba Coracia, hq.\n\nKlazina, barque\n\nOosterling, legra\n\nFeb. 140Britaefer and Co\n\nJan. 17 Schactor and Co\n\nDec. 15 53 Var der Haven\n\nP. von Baren, barque\n\nFan, 14; 250W. Pastau and Co\n\nProvenz, barque\n\nBegins, barqa\n\nDazisk\n\nHercules, brig\n\nHelena, barque\n\nJan 18 19 Schaster and Co\n\nJan. 173 W. Fustan and Co\n\nMay 1 2siemsson and Co\n\nUan. 91 e Win.Plan and Co\n\nDutch\n\nDiana, submer\n\nPogosophyr, bq.\n\nVienesha, ship\n\nDanish\n\nBaldar, schooner\n\nLoots\n\ne, schooner\n\nHumbury\n\nElizabeth Ross, brig.\n\nDet\n\nLisa, barque\n\nMcibido, ig\n\nSiusness\n\nParagon, ship\n\nFrolic, actuoner\n\nSwatow British\n\nChina, ship\n\nFazel Carram, barque\n\nJune\n\nNama, schooner\n\nAug.\n\nAmoy\n\nBradish\n\nAbbotsford, barque\n\nAun Kay, rehvoner\n\nAs F. W. Lawrenceklo\n\n4. Puatau and Co\n\nW. Pustau anu Ca\n\n708|W.M.Robinet & Co\n\n!April\n\n80gOrder\n\n250 Order\n\n1, Lapraik\n\n! \n\nNov.\n\nApra\n\nAutoinette, barque\n\nSept.\n\n430E. D. Syme and Co 121 Tait and s\n\nBlack River Facket, be\n\nApril 19 25:Order\n\nConfucius, ship\n\nColdstream, ship\n\nCaluchow, ellip\n\nNov.\n\nDec.\n\nSept\n\n21Sebaftor and Co\n\n51allay, Wine &Ca!\n\nNapoleon II, sip\n\nNia, schooner\n\nNie, ship\n\nNightingale, ship\n\nPaculise, varque\n\nFabr.gra, barque\n\nPeba, banque\n\nPiuto, alcamer\n\nIve.\n\nNov.\n\n115 John Bard and Lo\n\nDee.\n\n70s fling. 1. und Lu\n\nDec. 16 Juzeline. M, and Ce\n\nVESSEL.\n\nAr\n\nCAPTALS.\n\nJuly 320, Wet more and to\n\nNov. 28 705 Captam\n\nJan 11 1890. C. Schmuva\n\nJune 41st, 3a and Co\n\nPrinces Koyal, chipet.\n\nPruth. sip\n\nRemi, stoster\n\nRutin, brig\n\nLal Still\n\nJan. 12 A8Limisty and Co\n\nJAS\n\nJail.\n\nSual Lucy, sequely 10\n\nSauel Stosur, bg.\n\nSept. 11 Salvetin ship\n\nSir James, bargue\n\nWhampoa, lurque\n\nWild Flower, slip\n\nFrench\n\nCanton, saip\n\n322 N. Dogs and Ca\n\nOWALKE\n\nHart Willia. Longkong MDerant ||F. & C. 8. N. Co.\n\nJofon Adria\n\nGama Family\n\nCooray\n\nJa Wa. Posh and Co\n\n45 Water and Co\n\n42rpent, Banky and Ce\n\n647 Lindsay awi Osi\n\n179 Dent and Co\n\nSept. 10 375mler\n\nDea.\n\nDec. 638 Dent and Co\n\nKopanál\n\nAnteyeca\n\nHongkong\n\nSwailow\n\nD. S. Sens & Cu\n\nP. H. Cha & Co.\n\nEusseit & Co.\n\nJuri, M. & Co.\n\nJardine, M. & Ca „Jardine, M. & Linke\n\nDem, Beale & Co.\n\nJarding, M. & Coi\n\nTERMS OF SUKSCRIPTION to the HONOKONG REGISTER and OVERLAND REGISTER AND PRICE CURRENT:-For One Year, 829, Six Mouths, $19. Three Manthe, $8. To the HONGKONG REGISTER-For One Year, $15; Six Montuz, $9; Three Months, $5. To the OVERLAND RE- GISTER AND PRIOD CURRENT slone-Por One Year, $8; all payable in advance, TERMS OF ADVERTISEMENT in the HONGKONG REGISTER —Advertisements, not exceeding i lines,\n\neach insociic. $1, each additional line 20 cearts; van halt of these charges for Repetitica AGENTS for the DONGKONG REGISTER S OVERLAND REGISTER AND PRICE CURRENT, -J. G. ANTIO, Paq, Lomion; Mesars. JARDIN, SKIN & Co., Calcutta; Marrs. Emisoras à. Co. Bourbag; W. S. Danska, Esq., Singapors; Mesary, TAXON, Researy & Co., Batavia; J. P. PE, Esq. San Francisco.\n\n76 Jawline, M. and Colltel, Printed, and Published by ROBERT STRACILAN, at the Hongkong Register Offer: Gage Street,\n\nVictoria, Hongkang. Tuesday, February 3, 1857.\n\n76,P. D. Syme and Ca\n\nThe Hongkong Register.\n\nVOL. XXX. No. 6.\n\nENTIMATIONS.\n\nNOTICE.\n\nVICTORIA, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 1867.\n\nNOTICE OF FIRMS\n\nNOTICE\n\nTHERRAS the Firm of NYE BROTHERS & Co. MR. ALFRED JAMES HOW is a Partner in our\n\nWHERE the Futva the 11th day of March.\n\n1866, at the fine of the UvITAL STATES' CONSULATK in Canton, execute an Assignment of all their Property, real and personal, in frust for the benefit of their Ureditore, to the undersigned: We bestby giva potica to all voneer el to make payment to ma of all sums due to, and lo present to us any claims against the said Firm.\n\nRUSSELL & Co. JAMES FURDON & Co. Canton, 18th March, 1856.\n\nNOTICE.\n\n-\n\nPum.\n\nW. H. WARDLEY & Co. Hongkong, 1st December, 1856,\n\nNOTICE.\n\nTH\n\nHE undoraigned has this day established himself at\n\nMac, as 3 Berchant, and General Agent\n\nà. 1. §. na CASTRO,\n\nMac, 1st January, 1857,\n\nNOTICE\n\nInstant\n\nAssignment of the property, real and personal, of. A. A. Du MELIO JE, in authorized to sign the Firm of WETMORE & Co., of Chatou, Too- name of our Piru per procuration frost the chow, and Shanghuse, Chiux, having been duly made on the 12th July, 1856, to the undersigned, in trust for the\n\nA A, D MELLO & Co. beatit of their Creditors, and recorded in the United States Consulate at Canton, 1 horeby give Notice to all concerned to make payment to me of sii sume due to, kand\n\nclaims against, the said Firm. to prescut to m\n\nCantan, 7th August, 1856.\n\nOLIVER IL PERRY.\n\nNOTICE.\n\nBeamen's Hospital. Trustees. Jostra farming, faq., C. D. WILLIS, Esq. Hon. W. T. Mesca, Esq., R.S. WALLER, E Superintendent of the P. & O. Steam Navigation Coa pany. (ex oficio.j\n\nTrauren-d. Maantaa, Esq.\n\nBriuent burgeon-Renard G. JACK. Consulting Surgeon-W. A. HARLAND, M.]).\n\n*\n\nTERMS OF ADMISSION, Paltic Warda,****\n\n75 cents per day, fazermediate Wards...\n\ndollar .. 1 Private Recal\n\ndollars Pasicuts are also admitted on deposita, atthe following rates, renewable one day previous to the amountdeposited having been expended.\"\n\nPublic Wards, ..\n\nintermediate,..\n\nPrivate Rooms,\n\n$15\n\n$ 20 $30\n\nThe Captains or Consignces of Veale uetbe respon. sible for the express of Palents sent by them luke\n\nHas itzi.\n\nAll Hospital Billa to be receipted by the Treasurer vuly.\n\nNOTICE OF FIRMS\n\nNOTICE.\n\n[HE Partnership heretofore existing at this Port To the undersigned Busier the style of WILLIAMS, ANTION & CO. expiter the day by lapse of time sud mutual consent, the outstanding ass cants will te verde by either Partner, sad a stricy Agency and Commission business will be conducted by Et us Partners at the Port of Singapore antier the stylo of WILLIAMS, ANTHON & CA\n\nJagkong, 1st September, 1836.\n\nC. D. WILLIAMS,\n\nB. ANTHON, J G. HASKELL\n\nM. THOMAS WALKER, Architect and Surveyor, Queen's Road, Victoria, Hongkong. NOTICE\n\nOTICE 16 hereby given that our busiest in Shang- lae, will be cuudneted in future under us Sty víúlublAN & Evil Cautun sad uv-chow.\n\nGILNAN, BOWMAN & Co. Shungbae, 26th August, köbó,\n\nNOTICE.\n\nE undercly and have perished & their buss Store Keepers, Ship\n\nMacas, 3d January, 1857.\n\nNOTICE.\n\nINSURANCE S.\n\nNOTICH.\n\nLONDON ASSURANCE CORPORATION, Established by Charter 1790, THE ́undersigned, Agents at Hongkong for the above Carporation, are prepared to great PULICIES AGAINST FIRE, to the extent of £10,000, ou any Buthling or on Merchandize to the star,\n\nDENT & Co., Agents Hongkong, 12th April, 1955.\n\nALLIANCE FIRE ASSURANCE COMPANY\n\nOF LONDON,\n\nMISCELLANEOUS,\n\nNOTIC\n\nNo. 1,365\n\nTHE undersigned have taken out az AUCTIONEER'S 1 LICENSE, and heg to uder their sarvkes to thu Public.in that Capacity,\n\nTROL HUNT & Co. Hongkong, 24th September, 181J.\n\nBOARD AND EDUCATION. THE Rev. ARTHUR TAYLOR, has a few vacancies 1 for the Admission into in jimsig of the chüdren of such FORRION Xstrants at the Mec Porta, who may\n\nPHE Undersigned having been appointed Aczstain be desirous of securing for them the Conforte of s\n\nFor Terms and Particulats apply at\n\nNo. Gough Street, Vicronka, Hongreso.\n\nNOTICE,\n\nTHE LIBRARY THE MORRISON EDUCATION\n\nSOCIETY,\n\ntheatre CAIXA for the above COMPANY, are prepared to HOME, sad the Advantage of a LIBERAL EDUCA\n\nrept ASSURANCES Hengcag, as ander\n\n1st. On Buildings of Brick ne Stone, covered with Tiles, Blaces, Metal, or other Incombustible Material, together with their Contenta, when such Buildings ors isolated from all othera,-Rate of Premium, i per cont per Aman.\n\nd. On sanh Buildings and their Contents, when not lealated, cut the Mats of 1 per cent per Axaum, the Su ieslated, as the Mots of per cent per Annum Annut liate will be charged.\n\nOf the 1st Asrances, for the prescut, will be accepted to the extent of £10,000 only on one Risk. And of the 24 Glass.→To the extent of £9,000. A Building and its Contents taken together form one Risk. Thus the above Sums may be underwritten either on a Building zione, or the Coutents alone; or, fart ou the Building, and part on the Contents.\n\nTHE Interest and Responsibility of Mr. EDMOND\n\nNEWMAN Sow in our Firm ceased on 31st Decem ber last. Our Piria now consists of WITAM WALKIN SHAW, WILLIAM Hursos, Joan SCARTO, and ROBERT Ранкетка Іновий ко\n\nTURNER & Co.\n\nHongkong, 12th January, 1867.\n\nHOUSER\n\nNOTICE.\n\nTHE undersigned having erected a spacious GO\n\nspring prepared to recclys ou Storage, Quods of all deereiptions which may act interfere with Insurans against fire. The charge for Storage of Loeros will be 10 cents per Bale per oath, and for Rice, Sus and hor Dead weight 3 cents per picut for the brai, and 2 cents per piest for the second and subazqnent months. The Rater for older Goods will be those current in Hongkong.\n\nLYALI, STILL & Co.\n\nHongkong, 8th December, 1550.\n\nLINDSAY & Co.\n\nNo Assurance is to be considered in force until the Premium be paid,\n\nAmongst other advantager of the Company, the Ax Aared will be entitled to participate in the Ï'rolite after Fivo sucucasive payments.\n\nHoney, is open every day, from 1 to 4 o'clock .x.. to Members of the Society, for the giving out and exchange of Books, Paris, not bombers of the Society, may jotain the savantages of the Library, on payment of an Annual Subscription of $5.\n\nBy order of the Truziles,\n\nHongkong, 25th October, 1855.\n\nJAMES LEGGE, Secretary,\n\nÀ DESORIPTION OF EXGLINE PAL-On the Englich\n\nface are combined decision and nerve, with the fair\n\nThe fair Saxon\n\nParties applying for ASSURANCES will please sund in full particulare of the Blak to be taken; nay Deviation | complexion, blue eyes, and open and florid expret, from which without the consent of the Company, will; Hence the love of truth, hence the sensibility, the fine vitiate che l'olicy.\n\nperception, and portie construction. Dian, with open front and honest meaning, domestic, affectionate, is not the wood out of which cannibal, ve inquisitor, or assassin is mede, but he is moulded for law, lawful trade, civility, marriage, the pucture of child- zen, for calleges, churchsea, chariiles, and rolouies. They nre rather manly then warlike. When the war over,\n\nJARDINE, MATHESON & Co., Agents in China. Hongkong, 1st January, 1875- ERLIANCE MARINE INSURANCE SOCIETY,\n\nundersigned Eaving\n\nFOR SALE,\n\nBIBB, LIVINGSTON & Co. FOR SALE.\n\nIlongkong, 26th April, 1950. BEST English STAR CUAL\n\nApply to\n\nTHE LONDON AND ORIENTAL STEAM TRANSIT INSURANCE OFFICE. Hongkong, 7th April, 1350.\n\n(Established in 1845.) FOR SALE.\n\nTHE Underzigned are prepared to accept RISES HAMPAGNE, BRANDY, PORT WINE, PA (covered by protecting POLICIES at Lotos and the various lour Insurance CoPANIES,) by the PEN- INSULAR AND ORIENTAL STEAMERS from Cus tos and dongkong, wo Amoy, Shanghue, tie Straits, Ceylon, the Presidencies of India, Suez, and Estund. The interest in the protecting Policies is assigned the P. and G. S. N. Company for the purpose of their becoming the Medium of Playmont in this event of Loss. For LATE PREW.CM and cherinformation, apply to\n\nRKS. WALKER, Hongkong. MAXIMILIAN P1son, Canton.\n\nand bluL SHERRIES\n\nLYALL, STILL & Ù». \n\nA fow Cones FRENCH CORKS.\n\nApply to\n\nHongkong, 12th July, 1850.\n\nFOR SALE.\n\nN Invoice of COPPER, and YELLOW METAL\n\nSHEATHING, and COPPER BOLTS.\n\nAlso, CANVAS, and Europe Calcutta CORDAGE,\n\nApply to\n\n1YALL, STILL & Co. Hongkong, 12th July, 1856.\n\nFOR SALP INVIOSE TWO HOUSES, with excellent GODOWNS, LANDING WHARF, &c. Ettached, at present in\n\n& Co, id iuxt\n\nflore, ed un part of Marine Lot No. 10,\n\nFor particulare apply to\n\n, at fiongkong, which will be carried on the pre- uises Intely occupied by Mr. W. Scort, ruder the to- agement af ár. . . Exuicers, who is authorised 20\n\nigor the saingkong Branch,\n\nTua HUNTE Co. Whampoa, 25th August, 1854\n\nNOTICE\n\nInterest and Resperabity of Mn, ABRAHAM BOWMAN in our Firm, oth hire si at konchow, Lo Sith June susi.\n\n11.MAN & Co.\n\nCanton, Shib August, 1850,\n\nNOTICE\n\nAFR. REGINALD PADDAY was admitted a Part\n\nHAMILTON, GRAY & Co. Singapore, 24 Sep, 1556.\n\nMR. was admitted\n\nW\n\nNOTICE.\n\nE have this day established at Hongkong under\n\nthe scan style a branch of our Canon\n\nVAUCHER FRERES, Hongkong, 20th November, 1856.\n\nNOTICE\n\nBains herewere carried on under the Fire of Kwa & Japan, will, fron mud alive this date, ve Conducted by Mr. Mos Moses and Ale LEL J. ANKARA, under the designation of JobsH & Ly waerein Mr. Zum JUDA alcutta is the Senior Purtatt.\n\nEZRA & JUDAH.\n\nHongkong, It\n\n1867.\n\nNOTICE\n\nTHE Interest and Responsibility of Mr. WuJA, DE Firma of GIBB, LIVINGSTON & Ca, of China, and T. A. 118 Co., of Loudon, terminated on the auth Jure 1865.\n\nngay, 26th December, 1850.\n\nNOTICE.\n\nWILLIAM PROBST in this day admitted a\n\nM Partner in our Ficus in libing, which Mr. Jenave\n\nER is authorised to sign per procuration, while Alt. WH. HOLLMAN size the firm of February that has dis\n\nW. PUSTAU & Co.\n\neuntinued to net for u\n\nHongkong, 1st January, 2857. NOTICE\n\nM\n\n2. W. F. BEVAN, having an Interest in the business of this Office, wil siga my name from this lare per procuration.\n\nROBERT STRACHAN, \"longkeng Register\" Office, 1st January, 1867.\n\nTHOMAS L. WALKER Estate and ifcus Agent, Queen's Rouch\n\nHongkong, 18th July, 1856.\n\nFOR SALE\n\n\"MALTA,\"\n\nYork & Canberland HAMS. P CHEESE.\n\nBreakfast BACON, Bach CHOPS, &c., &c.\n\nSMITH & BRIMELOW.\n\nHongkong, 20th September, 1856.\n\nE. WAXDOS, Rhengåre,\n\nH. T, Marshall, Singapore.\n\nA. P. Love Cricutta.\n\nThe dog ind lays been appointed Aunts for the ransk falls from the affectionate ant to westic tantes, POLICIES, payable in LONDON, CALCUTTA, BOMBAY, which makes them women in kindness. This union of HANGGON, PERANG, SINGAPORE, and in CHINA.\n\nqualities is fabled in their national legend of “Beauty and the Beast,\" yr, long before, in the Greek legend of Hermaphrodite. \"The two sexes are co-prezent in the English wind. I apply to Britannia, queen of seas and colonies, the words in which her latest novelist portrays his heroine: \"ake la as mild as she is game, and as game as she is mild.\" The English delight in the un- taganden which comhlars in one person the extremes of courage and tenderness. Nelson, dying at Trafalgar, sends his love to Lord Collingwood, and, like an inco- eent schoolboy that goes to bed, says, \"Kiss me Hardy,\" und turns to sleep. Lord Collingwood, his comrade, was of a nature the most affectionate and domestic. Admiral Rudney's figure approached to delicacy med effeminary, and he declared himself very sensible to fen, which he surmounted only by considerations of honour and public duty. Clarradan says, the Duke of Buckingham was so modest and gentle, that some com tiers altempted to put effrouts on him, until they found that this modesty and effeminacy was only a wark for the most terrible determination. And Sir James Perry said, the other day, of Sir Joha Franklin, that, \"If he found Wellington Sound open, he explored it; for he was a man who never turned his back on a danger, yet of that tenderness, that he would not brush away a Mon- quito,\" Even for tusir highway men the same virtues is elclmued, and Robin Hued tomes described to us an altissimus prædimum, the gentlest thief. But they know where their war.dogs le Crowell, Blake, Maribo- rough, Chatham, Nelson, and Wellington are not to be trified with, and the brutal strength which lies of the hottem of society, the animal ferocity of the quays and Cockpits, the builies of the costernongers of Shoreditch, Seven Dials, and Spitalfields, they know how to wake up. They have a vigorous health, and inst well into middle and old age. The old men are as red as roses, and still handsome, & clear skin, a peschi bloom com- plexion, and good teeth, are found all over the island, They are a plentiful and maritious diet. The operative cannot rabist on waberevesICA. Beef mutton, #best- bread, and malt liquors, are universal among the first- claus laboureTA. Good feeding is a chief point of na- tional price among the raiger, sad, in their carlemmer, they represent the Preschman as a poor starved body, It in curiose that 'Tacitus found the English beer already i use ang the Germans: they make from barley or whest s drink corrupted into some resemblance to wine.\" Lord Chief Justice Purlesque, in Henry VI.'s time, sayu * The Inhabitants of England drink no water, valens at certain fizuen, on a religions score, and by way of pen. acer.\" The extremes of poverty and ascetic penance, it\n\nROBERT FRANCu, Mudras, ot Joas ROBIE. Bumbay.\n\nLondon, Sih January, 1854. NOTICE. THE umlonsigued, having been appointed Agenta for the CALCUTTA MERCANTILE MARINE INSURANCE SOCIETY, we ready to issue alicice En behalf of that Oleo, payable in BINGAPORE, CRAN, PANGDON, CALCUTTA, BOY, UN, din Cara\n\nDAVID SASSOON, SONS & Ca. Canton, 930 January, 1856. \"COMMITTEE OF MAKÍTIME INSURANCE, OF PARIS.\n\nJAMES HARTLEY & Co.\n\nL\n\nHE Undersigned, having been appointed Acerra for the Marine Insurance Offices of Paris, are aathor ized to examine and approva Clarins for General azú Particu Averages on ikka musured by them.\n\nSCHAEFFER & Co. Hongkong, 27th December, 1816.\n\nCOMITE DES ASSUREURS MARITIMES DE PARIS. ES Somsignés ayant été nommé Agents des Reunions FOR SALE.\n\nArreurs particuliers et des Compagnies d'Asure- YUPERIOR PORT AND SHERRY WINE, in Cunts runces Maritimes, de Paris sent authorisa, pour eumi\n\nof 1, 2, & 3, Dozen each; niso CHAMPAGNE in 3 ner et constater des réclames d'avarica partientiéres et\n\ncommunes sur des risques assurés par eux, dozen Cuses. BEER in Casca of 3 & 4 dosen each, at East Point Godenas.\n\nHongkong, le 27 Dec. 1956.\n\nNOTICE. THE undersignal having been appointed Aoser to\n\nOrricks in Rotterňom, a 1st of which may be seen in his one, requesra application to made to kim da ense of any particular or general Averages un rlake in eured by them.\n\nALEX, WILSON,\n\nHongkong, 16th December, 1856.\n\nFOR SALE.\n\nTHE Tax HOUSES known as Bagwiese.\n\nFor further particulara, apply to\n\n10\n\nRongkong, 27th December, 1850.\n\nFOR SALE.\n\nLINDSAY & Co.\n\nm board the Screw Steamer \"Lubus,\"\n\nat Whamp\n\nTWO TUBULAR BOILERS, each foot 2 inches\n\nSCHAEFFER & Co.\n\nThe majority of UDARWINTERS SIG INTUSANDS\n\nHongkong, lal January, 1857.\n\nA. W. P. KUP.\n\nMISCELLANEOUS,\n\nPOSTOFFICE NOTICE.\n\nwould seen, never reach cold water in England. Wood, the antiquary, in describing the poverty and maceration of Father Lacey, an English Jeruit, dues not deny him heer. He says, \"his bed was under s thateng, and the way to it up a ladder; his faze was coarse? his They have more drink, of a penny a pawn, or gallon,\"\n\nThey constitutional nurgy than any other people.\n\nthink, with bat manly excercises are the\n\nfomation of that elevation of sind which gives one\n\nnature ascendant over another; ar with the Arabs, that the disys spent in the chase are not counted is the length of life. They hot, run, shoot, ride, row, and sait from pinle to pole. Toey eat, and drick, and live jolly in the open ale, putting a bar of solid sleep between day and day-English Traits.\n\nPORGIA PREACHtaq.--The Furkaru, niter noticing the Freemasons' friend, and making some creellent re- marks, in which I quite cuntur, regarding “popular\n\nin length, and feet 4 inthase of a work Engin, a HE Acting Post-Master regrets sa way that owing to prenehno leping of Church, an epigram pointed\n\nthe departure of the carriers from Hong- tong, there can be no delivery for the present of Leiteir &c., hat how the Peat-Office window. Hours of stren- dance being as heretofore frora 7 oʻtlock, a.a. to li PAN,\n\nPosten, Hongkong,\n\n12th January, 18s.\n\nsufficiently apacions to Engtuan of from One Hundred and fronty to One Hundred and Thirty Hons Pow. Bach Boiler ha 3 Furnaces; length of Tubes, 4 ft. 9 by 24 in. diameter. The whole is in first-rate order, having been only Six-en Monthe in the Vessel, and not having been used morg than Six Weeks during the whole of that time\n\nONE HIGH-PRESSURE DONKEY ENGINE, wish\n\nSAN MIGUEL KRASS AND IRON FOUNDRY. CYLINDER capable of worklog up to Ten Forsy Power, fitted with Pamp of 7 fucher diameter, and YNDER the Superintendance of an Experienusi Ex- Buroke of Piston Rod fi inches, for pumping out Water GINEER. Orders for all kinds of MACHINERY Ballart, throwing with cas 20 Tons per hour. Also executest with despatch. Speak ENGINES & BOILERS Cast Iron Baskets with Cod Waaris, for Londing or repaired. SHAFTS of the bees English Iron from 5 to Dinolwaging Cargo.\n\n9 inches diameter. Orders to be addressed to Moser B. A. BARRETTO & Co., Media,\n\nONE PERPENDICULAR CYLINDRICAL TUBU. LAR BOILER for Huginu. standing & fost 9 inches high, diameter & fest 7 inches.\n\nThe whale in first-rate working order.\n\nLINDSAY & Co.\n\nHongkong, 25th Cetuler, 1855.\n\nWING to the existing condition of affairs at Chator, D. KENNY han ravnoved to Hongkong; and may be consulted his Rive, cormir of Graham and Gage Streets.\n\nlingkong, 10th December, 1856.\n\naway's article on\n\nwith a good joke of the witty South, the Editor aught to have a return in kind, I offer the following an illustration of the disgusting length to which preachers who strive after effect, can go. The anecdote is taken from severe criticism, writing in England, of the Rev. J, C. M. Bellew's volunie of Sermon preached at St. Philip's, Regent Street. Allading to Mr. Spurgeon, the \"gated dissenting prenslier,\" the critic of the Saturday Review says:—\n\nThat shining light of the Non-conformist world lately discoursed of the last days and death of Williaur Palmer, and be described the devil na trembling between hope aul fear--now reading that Pairer would confers and balk him, and presently confident that he would remain ohdurate. The preaches wout an ine on himself to per souity Satan; and, rubbing his hands in a flow of ex- citement and delight, he shoutot, a the game in the prison cell was closing, \"here he comes! here he comes! here he comes --Bengal Hurlar.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-062 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [1-3].txt",
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        "id": 241298,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-062 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 323,
        "title": "CO129-062 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "93\n\nNEW ADVERTISEMENTS.\n\nNOTICE.\n\nWhere the undersigned have this day entered into Partnership as Merchants under the firm of DAVIS & LAWRENCE, into which will merge the business of Messrs. F. W. LAWRENCE & Co.\n\nHENRY DAVIS,\n\nF. W. LAWRENCE,\n\nHongkong, 7th February, 1857.\n\nPUBLIC AUCTION. Undersigned has received instructions to sell by AUCTION, ON THURSDAY, the 12th day of February, 1857, at 11 o'clock, the Bust Godowns of Messrs. L, STILL & Co., (Door Spring Gardens,) on account of whom it may concern.\n\nAbout 480 Tons of NEWCASTLE COALS.\n\nPayment to be made in ... Dollars, weighed at 1.1/2%; and the Coals to be cleared from the premises by Saturday the 14th February.\n\nThe Hongkong Register.\n\nMARRIAGE.\n\nAt Kotter Inn on the 11th December, ROBERT BROWNE, Esq., late H. M. Sloop Com'r at Canton, to LOUISE HENRIETTA, youngest Daughter of the late L. van KAMPEN, of Berbice, British Guyana.\n\nDEATHS.\n\nAt Croydon, Surrey, on the 1st of December, ALICE HUMPHREYS, Boy, formerly of Hongkong.\n\nAt Queenstown, Ireland, on the 6th December, CHARLES MARKWICK, the Apostle of Temperance.\n\nEXTRACT FROM A PRIVATE LETTER FROM SINGAPORE.\n\n\"Since writing the above I hear, that the Governor General telegraphed to Madras to send on to China two Regiments, under orders for Hongkong. It is doubtful if the telegraph would reach in time, and if it did there is only the Zenobia (a tub) available for transport.\"\n\nTRIAL OF SALES--Payment to be made in ... The Band of the 59th Regiment will perform to-morrow in the Parade Ground, weather permitting, at 4 p.m., the following pieces--\n\n1. The Patriot Fife.\n\n2. The Scion Packs.\n\n3. Duette Up, Sonnambula Bei.\n\n4. The Elizabeth Quadrilles.\n\n5. The Lucrezia Vaino-Goffre.\n\n6. Nebraska Gallop, Aichner.\n\nCHARLES MARKWICK, Government Auctioneer.\n\nHongkong, 9th February, 1857.\n\nPUBLIC AUCTION.\n\nThe undersigned will offer for Sale at PUBLIC AUCTION, the Clipper Barque, \"SAN TIAGO” as she now lies in this Harbour.\n\nThe vessel has a full inventory which can be seen and any information given upon application to the Auctioneer.\n\nTHOMAS HUNT & CO.\n\nHongkong, 8th February, 1857.\n\nPUBLIC AUCTION.\n\nUndersigned have received instructions to sell by PUBLIC AUCTION, on their Premises Queen Road, on account of the concerned, on FRIDAY, 13th Inst., at Noon,--\n\nex \"Proteus,\" About 166 Piculs SAPAN WOOD | Damaged by ...\n\n43 ... RICE ...\n\nWater ...\n\nTHOMAS HUNT & Co.\n\nHongkong, 11th February, 1857.\n\nNOTICE.\n\nFRENCH FELT HATS! FRENCH FELT HATS! OF THE FINEST QUALITY, ALL COLOURS AND SIZES, At MRS. LEMON's Rooms, Queen's Road, Hongkong, and at Macao.\n\nHongkong, February 9th, 1857.\n\n\"Now Barabbas was a robber.\" To the Editor of the \"HONGKONG REGISTER.\"\n\nHongkong, February, 1857.\n\nDEAR SIR,--About two months ago a Portuguese Lorcha No.71 was mysteriously taken by pirates in the Tamar fire at Macau--I mean to say carried away at night without anybody knowing it, or any one being on board at the time--it was as well, in a mysterious way that she had about 30 kegs of Gunpowder on board, which, indeed is too great a quantity for a Lorcha of her class to have on board at any time, in fact for any Lorcha to carry as part of her armament.\n\nOf course so little was heard about this Lorcha and we know if any steps were taken to recover her, or how she was carried away or whereabout ...\n\nonly found out next morning that she was not there--but it was ...\n\ny many suspected an underhand work in this affair.\n\nOn the 11th January Inst. another Portuguese Lorcha No. 62 in company with an English Lorcha from Ningpo bound to ...\n\nBogue the ...\n\n16 Hongkong with cargo of Alum, Drugs and Hans, out on passage was chased by piratical dest...\n\nZanon, the ear...\n\nThe English Lorcha being near to ...\n\nrio the ...\n\ned and came into this harbour, but her companion No. 62 being outside saw no chance for her to escape through the Ly-n-moon, turn all for the outside passage and being closely pursued by the pirate fleet was finally captured at G F... on the same day. Her owner hearing of this in Macao came over to get all the information he could and reported the same to the Police on the 18th, but as he then knew not where his Lorcha was taken to by the Pirates, of course nothing could have been done to recover the same.\n\nHe went back to Macao and arrived there on the 28th where he learned all the particulars of the capture of his Lorcha by ...\n\nsterious circumstances--but perhaps by relating the same it will speak for itself, and bring to light the case of the Lorcha No. 71 above mentioned.\n\nOn the evening of the 27th January the Portuguese ...\n\n1--Par. Restonbis--Levner.\n\n2--The Scion Packs--Str.\n\n3--Duette Up, Sonnambula Bei.\n\n4--The Elizabeth Quadrilles.\n\n5--The Lucrezia Vaino-Goffre.\n\n6--Nebraska Gallop, Aichner.\n\nNo. 6 FEBRUARY 10, 1857.)\n\n... elim kindred with the Black hole of Calcutta.\n\never, strongly of opinion that it is absolutely necessary ...\n\nment of the 42 men belonging to the B-sing shop supplied to ...\n\nabsent himself from the colony, but by e- The last brutality of this kind being the confinement--for the interest of this colony that every individual connected with the B-sing Establishment should be outd in a room 16 feet long by 15 feet broad or less than six lineal feet per man.\n\nOk Sir John, your ...\n\nvanity and imbecility are running up a fearful impused.\n\nWe give in our present issue a letter from the Print of India with some remarks from a friend.\n\nWe may perhaps take a glance at the cur India Contemporary's article from our own point of view.\n\nH. M. Str. Barracouta arrived here on the night of the 21st Inst. from the Blenheim branch of Canton River.\n\nThe line of ships from Bogue Forts to Macao Part, serve to keep this important communication open.\n\nwhilst the occasional effect of shutting up in the narrow creeks near Pagoda anchorage, two large divisions of snake boats and junks, some of the former carry as many as eighty rowers.\n\nSome trading junks conveying shot, and old iron from the ruins of the Factories and Whampoa were seized and burnt ere they reached the war junks at Lan-kong to which place they were bound.\n\nQue ...\n\nOWING to the illness of the Editor, and the large necessary attendance of other members of our establishment at the trial of the poisoners.\n\nwe were under the necessity of delaying the publication of the remainder of the trial for poisoning until Wednesday evening.\n\nWe have a matter to complain of personal to ourselves and the other editors of the press, but also important to the public, in regard to the way we are accommodated and treated in the Supreme Court, but must defer it to next week.\n\nWe must deter until our Overland issue the account of the Coolie blunders on board the ...\n\nAurora and City of Bordeaux.\n\nin the course of erection above New Town.\n\nthe Parsee temple destroyed.\n\nA mud battery is ...\n\nfive on the night of 26th Ultim ...\n\nAn attempt was made to destroy the Comus by junk were sent from a village in Adam's creek.\n\nA lorcha and with wind tide and night in their favour: they were close upon the ship ere they were discovered: a few cool shot were sent into them, when the crew jumped overboard, first setting fire to the well oiled sails.\n\nOne junk caught the Comus on ...\n\nthe bow the other on the sparker boom which was carried away.\n\nHaving slipped her cable the junks were removed by the boats of Hornet and Camus, not before the rigging and headwork of the Comus was more or less burn during the entire night.\n\nThe materials used to form these destructive implements of warfare, were powder, cotton soaked in tea oil and samskui.\n\nOn Sunday last the Barracouta seized two junks forcenatle in Laukoy creek, laden with tobacco, they were under the guns of the Mandarin fort.\n\nSome Chinese at Hongkong have protested against the capture and have memorialized the Colonial Government.\n\nThe Honble Company's Steamer Auckland arrived in harbour on Sunday morning with multions of war from the Straits.\n\nWe believe she remains here for the present.\n\n... vessel.\n\nTRE spirited owners of the Fiery Cross were completely cold yesterday, that vessel having been sighted by the str. Lily from Macao which brought the report, in consequence of with the Antelope.\n\nWe understand that the Chinese had a meeting on Saturday at the Joss house, to take the affair of Ahlum into consideration, when they resolved to ...\n\nwas detained until the arrival of the Fiery Cross.\n\nDure ...\n\nThe Fiery Crest left Pilol al Sand7 Heads 27th January, 1. A..\n\nAnchored at Singapore, 1st Feb.\n\n3\n\nHous\n\n16\n\nP.M.\n\nAnchored at Hongong, 9th 7 P.M.\n\n6\n\n22\n\nFrom Sand Heads under Stear, Tytl\n\n1:\n\n14\n\nLeft Singapore, 24 Feburary, Pr..\n\nFiery Cross, has 2000 chests on board.\n\nLightning 1957 TRR 1st Opium Sale of this year was held on the 12th January 2540 chests Patna, and 1115 chests Benares were sold as follows:--\n\n5\n\n778.\n\nhighest low averag Patest soldi....... .......50 100 Benares...\n\n... 85 Benares 155.\n\nDie Paloa 715.\n\nOld Benarcs 739.\n\nThe latest quotsuous are:--New Patna 760 EXCHANGE, on Calun, Res. 205 per 100.\n\nOn don to 2. d. por Rupen.\n\n2.\n\n6\n\ncha No. 131, belonging to the same party as the Lorcha No. 71, it is generally \"known in Malas, though perhaps at registered in his own) brought to Macan from the same practical ethica caguered the Lorcha No. 12, the Hans which were part of her cargo, in charge of 6 of the pirate themselves, for sale there; it appears that the. Lord No. 131 was chartered Er is preposthus fact.\n\nOn Sunday night some little excitement arose being reported to the Governor, the Lorcha and cargo were consequence of a large number of guns being ...\n\n1 toe v pirates imprisoned.\n\n1may has daera that likewise as were transacted in a mysterious manner.\n\nfired in the harbor, at abrut 8 o'clock.\n\nalzed, and t\n\nOn en-\n\nWe have a trans of coming at the explicit fans as like very quiry we End it was some ass of skipper, who thing else in lacas they are carried or in a seret way-- no news-paper report with exceptier, of Fe Destin to Soy bely was drunk, and in that state took veras, which paper makes it appearson with wonderful fren himself to break the law, and alarm the gality, perbags purposely in for the crence of the Queen's subjecta.\n\nGovernment there?\n\nThe paper being under the fmatate protection, and inspection of the Hest of the Government, ...\n\nof neure we would exprint from it a thing.\n\nBut to corset We publish a letter from Correspondent which ...\n\nmost\n\nAnd stiti farther, we cannot suficiently admirelict of the jury in effect opens the stomach of every man in the colony to prison, without fear or tanger of detection to the poisoner.\n\nWhat is Allum's case in reality--The Chief ...\n\nthe particnior of the canter of the Lorals No. 62, 1 am hints at an extraordinary state of things at traordinary exhibition which the said creditor Justice said that the principal evidence against him informed that the piratical feet cousisting of 4 ciptare: Macau, and clearly proves that the fleet so made of himself in Court ne a witness on the trial Lorchas, two of them being l'orgnese, gst these, No. 73, and two Buglak: they ware will armed, having 60 men in tach, with 15 filing boats having 12 en ja exil.\n\nThey ...\n\nlenientis treated by Commodore Armstrong, and Dat our admiration somewhat ceases, when we tust No. 62 to her anchorage, South Lintin, opposite ...\n\nothers, is in realty a nest of pirates.\n\nChangelo, There the Solariate ray then, hat, was de-anber of pirate vessels stated in the letter bears and his partners have been found aiding and The recollect, that this is not the first tisic, that person civil by m ...\n\ncut our estimate on the day we saw them frem conforting, i ust abetting the Queen's eteries.\n\nunworthy to have called forth the counter petition Of the document we shall say no more at present ...\n\nwhich we append:-- than that it is below contempt and was quite ...\n\nThe facts Lorcin 71 boing amongst the pirates! fleet and Zareke 131 being cleriered by them, Beth it the Lily.\n\nlonging to the same andr, a singular eninest-use!\n\nOn 29 January, sa Eaglish Larch with cargo of Rice from Hongkong to Mac was chased by the saw piratical feet as Cantan ...\n\nOn the 3d intothers Portogage Lorcha No. 39 and 40 were captured by the same piratical 3e and yet nothing is done vither in Macur at this riser to destray theus.\n\nWhy we count ant expect any thing from Macas for the circumstance related above wall, perhaps, explain to the initiated-am, ka ...\n\nX. Y. Z.\n\nMR. Hicason, the Crown Solicitor, has re-signed is appointments, so says the Gazette.\n\nWe heard of this resignation. some time ago, ...\n\nbut it in no way surprised us, as our readers may well imagine after reading our comments on the T dirty job of the appointment.\n\nWe shall have more to say cu this, as also on the new appoint-mcots in Mr. Hickson's place; and we shall add In word ou the deporture of the colonial secretary ...\n\nand this aucREVE.\n\nHIS EXLUENCY,\n\nthe Governor\n\nVICTORIA, BONGKONE,\n\nin the Executive Council\n\n7th February, 1857.\n\nwas his own account of his sayings and doings, and Mr. Drinker's evidence.\n\nMr.Drinker's evidence very hour the dough was being made:--and his Lordship pointedly remarked, it was in evidence, that it was the dough which contained the poison.\n\nthen as to his own statement--His grandmother was engaged in suppiring the barbarians with bread, &c. she writes and tells b, not to come himself but to send his family; he is not to come because a reward of $5000 is offered for his hend not only is he not to retura, but he is carefully respectively to sabit to you the following faits rayer the existence of his head on his shoulders is ...\n\nWe, the undersigned, revisats is this colony, beg to remain in his own house, taking care of his hend, and his premises, which are likely to be fired; HONGKONG, TUESDAY, 167 FEBRUARY, 1867.\n\nIntive to Alla arline other prisoners, now Hude delertion ulur Ordinance 2 of 1957, and also relative capture of the old grandmother renders it easy ...\n\nthe cause of his grandmother's annoyance.\n\nMR. CALDWELL was not poisoned; on the cou-2 other prisoners, similarly detained.\n\nThe Parties sending Advertisements to the Hongkong istered, in the shape of some chili and mustard; inespied in the colony, by a majority of 5 jours so 1. tury he had a rather agreeable stemachic admin prisoners, nav.ng heen acquitted after a trial of a length ...\n\nWe rubl that the first shove mentionet class of to compel the retary of the reminder of the farm!'y, Register\" \"Register's Advertiser,\" please address to ...\n\nwill seeds. It was natural, of course, for hirs to pre. their subsequent apprehension and detention are excu \"Printer end l'ublisher of the respective Papers, which will secure rarly mustard seeds in another.\n\nter having his milk in one dish, and the chili and Jated to throw discredit on our system of administrati attention to their Communications, justine in the eyes of the Chinese popalation, was have heen led to onlerstand that a man cannot be twice call. the case in the present intoace.\n\nFurthermore, we are of opinion that pris mers who love stood their helst, and have been legally abeolved from the consequences the law, he tande responsible for any secondary one of the crime of which they are sccused, should not, b ...\n\nThe Hongkong Register.\n\nNOTICE The Hours of Pent: Wons in the UNION CHAPEL, Hollywood Road, are, on the Sabheth 41 77 .m., and at 7, and on the Evening of every Wednesday at o'clock.\n\nWe see that tenders are advertised for in the last Government Guzette, for the construction of the Bowring Praya; and this in the face of the fact that the jail is crammed with double ita proper numbers, and that the station houses might well i quences arising out of that accusation.\n\nWe are, how ...\n\nexcept Alton.\n\nWould these additional se ages given to the mandarios render his resoniu- ing here, more secure?\n\nThreatening the grand-mother compels the retum of all the absent ...\n\nthe one schry individual would dare to re- cive force were applied to the united family that members except one, and we cannot see if coer- main.\n\nTo people acquainted with Chinese custunts statement.\n\nBut on this advice, how did Autum there is want of eommon sense in such act?\n\nWhy he disobeyed it, and went to Macao; ...\n\nSUPREME COURT.\n\nEXTRA\n\nTO THE\n\nHNGKONG REGISTER, No. 6.\n\nVICTORIA, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 1887.\n\nP. IIARAND--I have always paid for bread from tacted.\n\nHe answered, Eat when we reached the bakery citentnahumees are these, Aldao is in the habit of cons CRIMINAL SEose, February 2, 1357.\n\nthe king shop Leire 'the 15th Snuary.\n\nInod Dr. he would show me then to had a large any site of propar- ing to tue to all and inke delivery of funt; on this ue.\n\nChor at Dr. Manet partook of the bread delivered by at stake, and But he would take ny advice and remain.\n\ncasi, several weeks pravions to die art of aidu, dus Poisoning Casm, (First Day.)\n\nLlaning. Abe un hour afterwards I felt sick When we got to the bakery the people were mixing cans to rou and paversed that I shoots ly from time 200- (First Day.)\n\nblds. of frou at $16; and having taken duivery of the anda, and shortly afterwards I vousited, and felt water and dough in diffurent rooms in the place.\n\nI arkad Roar, considered if indebted to urn for the amount, Jury--More.\n\nM. A. MAGLOD, W. H. SUTTON, JOHN a my stomach.\n\nI took a emetic ich operated, him to retorn with sac. having satisfied aysell there was MON, W. A. Bawa, ED. T. DURCASSON, GEORGE and feit casier.\n\nBar In about two hours the pain enough bread in the trying room to fatif de control; Feider myself inleted to do wad no other per- seo.\n\nMr. Power delivered the flour from bra gotowan, rive.\n\nThe st morning I had a vlug headache he said he had business to attend to and he would walk ...\n\nWht going over As the bar was stored tweet.\n\n1--CAEON ARCUEW,2----CHEONO AERT, a weak in my limbs.\n\nDr. Iance took an cutie, bome.\n\nThis was between 8 and 3 ...\n\nThe the premises he told me he applied 400 families with Crozumned by Dr. Bridges, I have been - Pakora Autos, 4--LUM ABsow, -Tax AC, and Dr. Childecott before they were sick.\n\nbread; this was said as a proof of the amount of busiucas quainted with Abium since 1849, I have bem in the TONG No one, 7--CHEORO ARMEX, 8--FONG A-attentionan had coren wore trval than any of sa.\n\nHOT. 2--CHRONG AY, 10--CHEN WYE KONG, What breakfast a gentleman called to say some he was doing and his disinclination to leave.\n\nThe habit of toying breadgirom him to a large amout for statement Ahimu made that he sold the bakery to mu in zapplying the ten-of-war.\n\nI have had large nansactions of hiends were sick, they suffered in a irailar mater Idministering power with intent &c.\n\nto thich I have described.\n\nThey haul maten nothing false.\n\nSince I gase my evidence before the Magistrate with him.\n\nIn one month I paid han $15,000 and but.\n\nI was recupied all day in arcending similar I was asked, on the peiremers' behalf, by Me. Murrow, to up to 15th January, my transactions with him continued.\n\ncase had for acveral days afterwards.\n\nSome suffered reconsider my statement about the 62 Mandarins.\n\nHe was contracting for bread for the Wreck steamer Croucrained by Mr. Day--Mr. Murrow, said be about that time.\n\nI heard Ahlus say that he also pro- ...\n\nTALI..\n\nThe Honble Thomas C. Anstey, Attorney” Gogoral ; Str. Hickson Crown Rakcitar, assisted by Mr. George Jooper Turner.\n\nWIRES.\n\nvided bread for other shipping.\n\nI brought from America a machino for anking bread which came out a month ago ...\n\nmarverely than others.\n\nFrom the nature of the Dr. Brigor and Ms. Day Guess: Messrs. Gaskell symis, I felt same arsenic had been drainstered.\n\nI had come from Ablam to ask me to reconsider the answer nd Brown with Mr. H. J. Tactant Svácitors for prl-wobbay sume bread from the first house to which I about the 63 Mundarios Abium askertine on the exami ...\n\nwe, belonging to a Taree.\n\nI kept wry own nation, if he did not say he bad been told about the 63 in the B.\n\nPalmer, wasting $585.\n\nHe gave my brothre £100 to buy the machine.\n\nIn the week of 15th January, The Attorney General stated the case and called real got a load from Mr. Grandpre which he said be Mandarins.\n\nI never was in the bakery before.\n\nInever enwe ...\n\n1 dropped in three or four times, to see that machine AMES CARROLL DEXTSTER--I Am Colonial Surgeon, End on with his own hand on the E-sing shop, and the lenih prisoner in the bakery.\n\nThe contract was for the have been in the habit before the 13 January of oh-brok to me; next day I got read trum Mr. Drinker supply of 28 to 23.000lbs, biscuit; it was made verbally with pet up at the E-sing bakery.\n\nI know where the E ...\n\nsing bakery in but cannot form any idea of its v aining tread from the E-zing shop belonging to the two and.\n\nDempster.\n\nOn the 1st, seaisted by Dr. Bad-All I never made a contract with the tenth prisoner.\n\nast peomure.\n\n415 minuzca before 8 A.M. Of the 15th ford made a hasty analysis, satcient to satisfy myself I look upon ab as the principal the seath prisoor iss.\n\nNo Justice of the Paste in any thing to ...\n\n| large Dietters of busi-with the delivery of the flour.\n\nI got it on writing to Me, ary, and my family partook of bread obtained thate prison was arsenie; the next day I made as his segimant.\n\nMy visits were Tom the E-sing shop, at breakfast.\n\nAfter Mrs. Duapetar was being annoyed by the mandarins because he then as to his own statement--His grandmother was engaged in suppiring the barbarians with bread, &c. she writes and tells b, not to come himself but to send his family; he is not to come because a reward of $5000 is offered for his hend not only is he not to retura, but he is carefully respectively to sabit to you the following faits rayer the existence of his head on his shoulders is ...\n\n... contract with him I would occasionally drop in kuce or ROSER MACHEzni am the Jail Ahlum stated ad eaten a mall portion of the bread she felt giddy und Wetterwards made au analysis to asortain the ...\n\nfour times a week to see how, it was going on.\n\nI have to Mr. Bridges that his father had received a letter from ick.\n\nAfter leaving the breakfast table, she was takem qualty, and found that a guant loer there was ick; I thought nothing of it at the time, I walked out n of arsenic (6 graine).\n\nIn the bread it ex-gone, to sell flour to him 1 would not conclude a on his family wishing him to go home.\n\nI heard the ent was always present.\n\nAklan said the andarins were presence in the jail, neither Mr. Gaskell nor Mr. Tur ospital.\n\nWhen I reached the entrance leading up to the ...\n\ntha loaf of bread would cause death.\n\nThe police hostile to him in consequence of his baking bread for the rant were present at this conversation.\n\nDuring the 18 Gays the prisoners were in my custody, I have never ob- all, became sick and continued sick all the way in me some year, and the materials for mak-fore guers.\n\nAs we were going to the bakery we saw a boat ...\n\nserved him send for bread, Lor eat it, but I have seen the hospital, and was sit until a quarter to 10 ingust, als some flour, and some pastry, from the laden with wood, he ask me to pull to it as he wanted to - vomited very violently, Mrs. Dempster was bake.\n\nThey were only examined so they can ask the price, and tray it if possible.\n\nI pulled up to it, and be hita est Chinese cakes.\n\njck up to 1 or 1 o'clock, that night.\n\nThe next evening.\n\nW. H. FONDA,I am ngeat for Russell & Co, and rain any metalic poison, but there was uelibet arsenie told me he had bought it at a picni and a hail for a be 16th, about 6 p, I forwarded the remainder of the nor ly other metalic poison in them, ...\n\ndollar.\n\nI said it was deck.\n\nHe replied it was dry wood carrying on business on my own account.\n\nThe letter and adapted for the bakery.\n\nOn my retom I saw the froni Mt. De Silver (produced) I received the same dale, rend to Dr. Harland for the purpose of, its being analy.\n\nboat discharging on the wharf.\n\nit was written (17th January), I know bis hand writing sed.\n\nI not take the bread myself to Dr. Harland ...\n\nRe-examined.\n\nThe little episode of the wood was It is in his hand writing.\n\nLetter read.\n\nIt commenred Crosemarined by Dr, Belges--Alum the ninth ...\n\nas were not satisfied with his simple declaration.\n\nThe Justice of the Peass\"]t acted upon that order I had up in my own room vold i sant it to De Irland.\n\nconversation with the buttman was in Chinese.\n\nIN DU Ho-examined.--I never saw the tenth prisoner before.\n\npreviously seld the whole of the flour to E-sing; the money pass between Able and the boat man.\n\nThis was value was paid by him, with the difference of a few bar- I sent the bread by a anolic animed Atal ...\n\nthe day before he left for Manua ...\n\nrela.\n\nA portion of the four, he bought in July, and The prisoner Ahlum statement before the Magistrates another in November, use subsequent cannot say read, ...\n\nhow much money I received from him.\n\nI all the flour for $16 for that purchased in July, and $14 for that in November.\n\nThe low purchased in July was the largest quantity.\n\nHe paid on the 14th January $1100, which I supposed at the time to be the haience of his account.\n\nKubs nothing of the sale of the Bour to Mr. De Silver.\n\nCrasu zied by Mr. Day,-I saw Ablum on the and 4 o'clock, canont ...\n\nATA--I am servant to Dr. Dempster--I carried a paper parcel from Dr. Dengster to Dr. Harland, on the 16 January.\n\nI do nut know what was in it.\n\nMy master gave it to me ...\n\n(Court adjourned at 3.80)\n\nIdeply to a question by the Court.\n\nDI HALAND said he had bean requested by the Colonial Secretary to me an analysis that he did so and the ranits were the que.\n\nThe analysis was made in presence of Dr. Bradri Dr. Watson Dr. Keamy and Dr. Dempster, ...\n\nTiongh the Conrt, at instance of the Attorney Gen pral.\n\nThe symptomas described by the wisuotas, I have ...\n\nsacre those of poisoning by assente.\n\nThe Lead 1 gave to Tr. Tariand, ARANDE shop, at the loom of Aber- ...\n\nWas ken from ...\n\n; ...\n\ndeenerect, un the 16th Janney.\n\nI was at the Central Palie Station, and told a policoon to take the yeast! me, to Dr. Berland.\n\nCourt adjourned al 6 ...\n\nJLLL\n\n(Second Day, 3rd February ...\n\nWOONG ART, I am comprador of the Lieut-Governor ...\n\nmore on that ourasion about Ms. Drinker than what ...\n\nACPEING, Servant to Dr. Dempster.\n\nOn the 15th January, I received some bread at my master's door from we mea belonging to the E-sing's shop.\n\nThey are not ...\n\nH. J. EDWAM,I am a merclist of this place.\n\nBo- among the prisoners, I gave it to my Master to ent Cas examined by Dr. Bridges--I know the Fring before the prisoner left for Macao, he purchased some four ...\n\n1 This was about seven o'clock.\n\nI placed it on the breakfast shopfore this acer.\n\nThere is a shop at the Lo me, on the 13th January, and the delivery order was given ou the 19th, after the contract was made the afternoon of the 14th between WM.\n\nTARANT--I am Faltor of the Priend of China Road East, they are about a mile a part; the bread is ...\n\nfibar was removed from the godowe to his shop.\n\n1 had say it was not hetween 4 and 5, 1 only know it was aber newspaper.\n\nI have been in the habit of badning bread carried from one to the other.\n\nAbout two years ago the offered the au dour to the prisoner two works bofore,, he did not say where he had been.\n\nThe $1100 web paid, $149 in a bill, and the balance in cach.\n\nThe bill from the E-ging shop down to the 25th January.\n\nI know browsed to be baked at the absen, but not lately, a fire and he tried it.\n\nOn the 13th.\n\nI called at his shop, he was ...\n\nnot below, they told me he was upstairs.\n\nI went upstairs with the E-sing shop.\n\nThe 1st is a collector of accounts; fore the 15th January, 1 hare seen him often.\n\nHe was precited by one of the men of the shop, and or reaching the TONG AKU--I Translated the paper tower, from Album he 2d, the last knew of him was as broad deliverer; the always said to be the master of the E-sing shop,anding, observed Alumat a fister, he was looking as by Mr. Mackenzie, since the prisoner Ahlum was in the th is the managing partner; and the 10th is his father, Out of the bakery and shop bon: 50 persons were a ...\n\nit to see who was coming upscura.\n\nOn my approaching jail.\n\nTranslation read, corrobrates Ahlum's statement]\n\nleting as general assistaut in the shop Q's Readresse on the 15th.\n\nThey were taken before a Justice of him, he appeared to be muca exvid-I told him put ...\n\nand purt owner of the mat shop of chong, under the at of uvers two are itcqueritly, perhaps one: the Powe, Charles May Esq, several other Justice of Peace be alarmed, thus there was nothing to apprehend ...\n\nvisits.\n\nI saw ...\n\nIn consequence of the reward that was offered for his gatos Tools Ablau's.\n\nAbout the 8th or 9th January prisoner about were arment.\n\nThis was at the Central Police Suation.\n\n3 days before the 15th January, he was sitting down On the first day Mr. Mercer Me. Gibo and Mr. Gray head by en mestarins, 1 thought his oars caurs, and I had a conversation with Alluns, who said his wife my office and presented as a hill from his mer.\n\nI were present on the second day the Attorney Generat ...\n\nmude a roinach, that he shoubil not fear anything.\n\nHe wanted to go home to spend the new year, and wished old him, that, as the bill was not receipted, if he would was prosent.\n\nThe Central Police Station is not e replied that, long as he remained lu the house he had ...\n\nhim to accompany her hat he had a good deal of cave it I would look at it.\n\nHe said his toe was going ...\n\nno four of the maridarins.\n\nI then spoke to him of the business unsettled he could not do so that he had to usul place for eximiaal examinations, but they avo way, and made a motion lo sit down as if he intended to tawonaty held there, lave seen the Aturany the business on which I called, which was the sale of the supply several hundreds of pounds of bread to Drinker, Ou the 15th January wait until he was paid.\n\nSeang he was frelined to bura, M. Mercur, sud Mr. May sitting and enquiring our.\n\nI sat down, and proposed in sale, there rose some and that he had not yet done so.\n\nauey seized low by thu coltar, and told him, he and hi into anisances.\n\nMr. May was not present when the difference about the storage which was got over by bis I was exalued before M. May, and said nothing nator might go to the devil if they pleased, and I thrust two last prisoners were brought up for examinative, saying, this he lud got gedows that would take he han out of the office.\n\nI have seen the second prisador never remember the Justices of the Peace zitting at the dour, and that he would take immediate delivery.\n\nThe stated at the present moment.\n\n[the witness was detained on many occasions, I saw him at the inquest held on the ...\n\nby the request of Attorney General until he could get the Police Station on a criminal charge.\n\nThe Chief Ma- time of payment was the next question.\n\nI spoke of it ...\n\nfires--he asked for time and it was agreed that he would interpreter Mr. Wade.] jody found on board the Thistle Ou ikat opension he gistrate was sitting at the Police Court while his ex- described himself as parsere mute on board the Thiste.\n\nAmiuination was going on at the Police Station.\n\nJustices pay on the 10th of March-2 the left.\n\nOn the 24th ...\n\n(Court adjourned at 25 minutes after three.)\n\nThis was early in January.\n\nTo the best of my belief the if the Peace were also sitting at the Police Ceart.\n\nIt January, as 12 veluck, he sailed at my office-7 was ninth primmer was the literer of the Thistle.\n\nIn coe- writing at the timu: he said be wanted the delivery order in the invariable rule to send all important criminal for the four- unt huving the contract written ous I teid seganiec of the way in which the 2nd prisoner gave esses to the Police Court.\n\nThe remaining 10 prissovers are still detained.\n\nis evidence on the inquest, I ejected to bin binging are at the Cross road Starion, him I would call on him that after nuen.\n\nI called at 5 corning Mr. Diuke rend to my house.\n\nI pude this oldalon on the 15th posse Gibb, Livingston & Co.'s Gots.\n\nThey clock at his shop, signed the contract, and gave hin January between 6 and 7 o'clock in the morning when I have been in custody from the 15th January, I eshoot the delivery order he was ben his shop below--the inquiry about the case of poisoning, about the 15th saw him bringing to broad.\n\nAnother man was carry say whether or not the Attorney General took ary part les imately.\n\nHe objected to be our before on January; acted as interpreter.\n\nI perfectly remember ing the bread in a baskets, the second prisoner took in the examination at the Police Station; he was moving ...\n\ncourt of the bighness of the price, I sold it at a higher Col.\n\nCaine's comprador being examined.\n\nout the bread and delivered it I said, \"Oh oh my fin::fal- abort, but thereon was too crowded for me to distinguish.\n\nlow you deliver my bread do you?\"\n\nHe made no res- CHARLES MAY,The yeast & delivered to Dr, ponse but gave me a kind of is grin.\n\nI saw him go away, flatland were found in my presence at the sing bak And I then went in Bad told my compradore to sutlery Inspector Boyle carried them to the Folice Station.\n\ning but have to reor bread from bin, as I Cross-mined by Dr. Bridges.-- I sat with Mr. MerosR The work polsun wa I partook of the brev, andun the evening of the 15th January to coadors the ca ...\n\ntant girl also eat what was git on the pARE | GUNUM.\n\n Mercer came in, aral I invited him to take & I was about to commence the enquiry at 2.30 2,81, Ava minutes afterwards I went into 107 sitting from the Incakfast table; immediately afterwacite park in it.\n\nI was conducting the enquiry as the Superin £curacy as though I had eat my breakfast to tendent of Police, and Me Mercer as Colonial Secretary fase I sex down and was looking over some papers, when all of a sudden I vomited---J. vomited three or four times which require particular investigation, I enquire into be they were.\n\nI told him that the Chinese anid, the a bad It was a general investigation into the case reports about hirrsclf-link bequired what more during the course of the day, and I have continually ...\n\nfore sending them to the Magistrate.\n\nIt was my orginal anffered train the effects of the poisoning up to the pre-tection to follow the sun course the pecsent issable Button and $9,000 the the efnir of the Thistle ...\n\nto replied that that was nuasense, for the mandarins had tanec: I wished to gtt un traight into the case as supper- intendent of police, but afterwmerts we carned ones.vcclured $5,000 for his apension, and that he would be conjadel to go to Singapore on this accusat.\n\nI tank, into justices and took the depositions.\n\nWe did not told his, this he would be a fool if he went away, and make this change in consequc of having illegally throwing away the chance of making money here ...\n\nseat time.\n\nCross examined by Mr. Day--I am not aware that almab prieoser las muco thu ops shop in Hongkong.\n\nve Bure, he enrried on the business of a baker: lave scard he has other premixes to carry on his bakery, but I To not know whether or not the bekery is carried on in the promises in Queen's Road West ...\n\nQuestion--Do you not, a Edit, make it year badiness to Braw cvery thing going on in the Colony ...\n\nAnst I do.\n\nQuestion Then Str, do you mean to say you did not now that B-sing had a bakery near the American Naval Stor, 1 ...\n\nAnswer What buve 1 to do as a Maitor of a Newspaper with E-sing's stores ...\n\nadministered oathe.\n\nThe Atangy General--asked permington to call Mr. Wale to contrahiertas last witness, in bia statement con- ...\n\nT. WADE--I assisted Mr. Mercer and Mr. May an ...\n\nprice than usand.\n\nI bave had he other business with Dr. Bridges wishes to know if Mr. Wade was sworn him beside this sale, ...\n\nÁrew S. Dix,--I was one of the Juters at the interpreter the occasion.\n\nConsidered of a moment ...\n\nby the Court inquest on the Thulle's case on sinth January, I had la answer to a quenrian put by Mr. Mercer and Mr. a conversation with blum, with reference to that - Mag, Col Caine's cora rader said thas Ahlum told him quest.\n\nI met him, Aline, on the 14th in the street and that he was about to leave the Colony, The Witces toki him, that his man Aheep, the pond prisoner, give usked him how he stood about his business, and be suid very bad vidence at the inquest, that he had bea a Adan replied, that he bat horded over hie bread thing, les bad been crapulls.\n\nI do not recollect whether he said it was the bread business or the biscu very willing witness, and would not have told pay bosings or biscuit business to Mr. Drinker.\n\nI forget who was his eply.\n\nI went on asking him what were 3:u ...\n\nWade The deposition of Mr. Wade having been read YOONG-AT--again called to be confronted with Mr. tom, he denies Ja zaid 80, adding that he only said. hetinu alat Athen had some biscuit to deliver to Mr. Drinker.\n\nG. Duro, ann an siccioneer and was rely proprietor of a biscuit bakery.\n\nI know the last kir is the th prismear stamil call him the most JES SILENNON,--1 am merchant of this city, on SANDWITH DRINKER,--I am in business in the firme 18th or 14thof January, I received fra Tichong a mat ...\n\nActive on in the sing bakery 6th prisoner is a moulder of bread in the E-sing lukery 7th prisoner at Thomas lunt & Co, I lived in the sunse house with waker, a cistonured vir on Ablum; as rents a portio the sanie: 8 prisoner the same: 9th the inauter; Captain Endicott On the 15th January, I eat of some of Alum's shup for Lis business.This grace Elus ...\n\noh assistatic in the retail shop in Queen's Road.\n\nI do bread supplied by the with prisoner, and I was afterwards given to Tichong B time before, it was draw favor know if he has a share in the business.\n\nI am in habit of very ill, and an were all that ent of it in the house of Tishang Iwan Tichong the monet of the draft, su receiving brand on the E-zing shop I received breed have not perfectly recovered from it at this time.\n\ndelivered the remainder of our bread to Mr. May at Ahlem being indebted to me between $700 and ...\n\naccount o mats purchased, and paid in this order on the 16th January.\n\n1 old AFinn ro biscent baking machines, gay some years ago, and another in December the Police Court on the evening of the following day $300--my dra was for $281.\n\nI have previously paid January last, and 1 erected in third ann far bin about Dr. Jarinud was present.\n\nI have had considerable deal the sand men in the same way, at my drafts have December or Juary, I have been paid for the to 3- I cannot say that I know of a hakery being near them with the E-sing shop in the bakery business, always been houd.\n\nOn the 18th, Tidongiangt back.\n\nchines I sold him, fun well acquainted with the bakery The two last prisoners were connected with the shop, I the order dislicaret, And demanded the money, du winepromisse.\n\nI have often seen Aflan upstairs in the bakery, American Naval Stores have seen the est prisoner in the shop.\n\nThe only time I saw the second prisoner as t ...\n\nhave transnoted basss with the tenth prisoner, who is I went to A. and abused him for not hari poid a part ofhiafemal faily as well.\n\nI can say for ret- brand-deliverer was on the morning of which I spuke-1 ...\n\nAllum's father, when the uinth prisaner was not in the the under, mul asked him, why he did not pay the order.\n\nsal whether Allura lived these or not.\n\nI have seen un! cannot tell whether or not the tearth prisoner hedy.\n\nAuvut the 2nd or 3rd January, I made a contract the said he lead a money, the he was very band up, out as promises the 6th and 7th prisoner who were fotzerty ...\n\nI nay interest in the B-sing shop.\n\nwith Albom to supply a Russian Corvette with bonit, that, if I would pay the mat-man, who was a pour man.\n\nAbout the 7th or 8th January Ch y explog40116.\n\nJOHN WRAY--I am stoward of the Sultana, 1 know On the 14th 1 weat over to the E-sing shop to have a he would by anil bye pay the whale amount to 100 erection of the 34 mabine was completed.\n\nIn conso- e ninth and tenth prisonere, they are bakers in the conversation with Ahlum about that contract On the that he was indebted to ine, as he was to get money from quece of what I heard from my Strof, I put several B-sing's shop.\n\nI have frequently bought bread at their morning of the 13th, our office boy called my attention 10 Ablum's placing a chop out-site his door.\n\nI had his word.\n\ni have commented an action through Mr. Gaskell ngeinst Ablum for the amount, Alders gave —lle replied du do was not go away.\n\nIn the oven prisoner and the ninth and tenth.\n\nThey appeared to be in what the boy told me on the 13th.\n\nI told him that the ...\n\no at the time to reason to believe that he was going to ing of slic 13th January 1 particulwly enlied on bin, and A great hurry attending the business of their shop.\n\nThe boy said the chop was notice, that he Ahlum, intented ears for Macso or any other place.\n\nasked if he was going away us ny Shred and every body first was behind the counter, so was the ninth who was to leave the Colony, and wished to sell out, tad shut up ...\n\nughing dollars; the tenth was walking about.\n\npartook of the loaf which I bought, and after cating it 1 was sink for three or four days.\n\nsaid so.\n\nHe replied dat he had sand so to Chinese people, ...\n\neal cr ...\n\nH. T. De SR,-- am a merchant of this place.\n\nI shop.\n\nHe said the chap did state so, but that he bad uod dealings with Allsin.\n\nAbout inc eud of December, that in enity he was going and further intention of leaving; he had only put it up to deceive the or beginning of January, I heard some thing against him and he had relied to sell read to Chinese people ou Bandarius, who had been troubling him.\n\nI told him, not so for he came, I asked if he was going to purpose to find the mandarins, and truing behin Croas eramined by De. Bridges-1 often go in to that would not satisfy me, so he had deceived me in Elyngkong he told me that he thought he would fully, atided, you see my family are here, there is sing's shop to buy a font.\n\nI was about two or three min- previous contract, and that he must go to the bake-have to leave.\n\nAkin tibud aquacity of bread at his fear that shall gees and he directed one us in the shop that morning.\n\nThe tenth prisoner was house and shew me the biscuit which he had told me, twe abop, in conanguerne 1 ba the he removed from his of the men in the shop to show me a cheque on the walking about.\n\nor three days ago, was in the drying house, Wy what godown to those Mears. Ly Still & Co.\n\nFu Back 1 was poisoned from the rea Re-examined he was walking about over-looking together in my cat to the bakery.\n\nAs we went along male advances on account of his bread.\n\nI think the beta Jaruncy.\n\nI discovered that day that he had the business ...\n\nassed him if he had his taily with him here.\n\nHe sild, bread is wholly paid for.\n\nI have a running account with gone away.\n\nSince I had the conversation with Ah- Ants,--I am enak to Dr. Harland.\n\nOn the 13 Jan he had.\n\nI told him, in that can he bad better remain him.\n\nIowa bis considerable money.\n\nI cannos cell how am on the 13th, 1 heart nothing about bis going nary I received some bread from the B-sing shop, from the to the end of the war, as he would make a good art I owe him at the present time.\n\nOr the 14th of way.\n\nHe went $960 to me on account of the second ma person who anually brought the bread; he is not among thing of it, and be protected.\n\nHe sail he did not unary, I was not budcated to the prisoner in what chile, and he promised to send down some more money for ile prisoners.\n\nThe bread was brought es about 7.30.\n\nwould call a large amount.\n\nI parchuset 100 barrels.\n\nthe trouble of erecting the 34 mabine, but les did not Auon--I am a coolie at Dr. Garland, I saw Being's and that as the present mommy there were 63 Man four previous to the arrest of the prisoner, and tak lo so.\n\nTholda procisory note of Allun on secost of apen bring the Loved that morning; they are not amplia farms in Hongkong in disguise.\n\nI told in that delivery of chens after the arrest.\n\nI applied for the de- the ad machine, which he promised to pay on the mOTO- the prisoners, ...\n\ni be would report then to the Police he would be pro- livery the day before the rest of the praeuer-the tg of the 14th bat he did not pay it; I did not prese ...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-062 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [1-3].txt",
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        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 247781,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-074 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Robinson - 1859 [6-12]",
        "page_number": 455,
        "title": "CO129-074 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Robinson - 1859 [6-12]",
        "content_text": "Male \n\nFemale \n\nProfession, Occu- \n\nPort of Embarkation \n\nNames of Passengers \n\nation or calling \n\nNative Place \n\nof Passengers \n\nAge \n\nAge \n\nPort at which Passengers have contracted to land \n\nWether a free \n\nor a hired Emigrant \n\nRemark \n\nPort of Embarkation \n\nMate \n\nFemale \n\nNames of Passengers \n\nAge \n\nAge \n\nProfession, Occu- pation or calling of Passengers \n\nNative Place \n\nPort at which Passengers have contracted to land \n\n4512 \n\nWether a free or a hired Emigrant \n\nRemarke \n\n  \n    Do\n    Do\n    30\n    De\n    Chomfor Ionon\n  \n  \n    Do\n    Oi fong Sonon\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    304\n    318 Chan auque\n    30\n    Coolie\n    Chinein Demerara Hired\n  \n  \n    305\n    319 Juncapsiv\n    30\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    287\n    301\n    360 lessin\n    24\n    '88 302 Lay Assin\n    23\n  \n  \n    19:0\n    Polo Chureund\n    30\n    \n    LJ\n  \n  \n    Pols Chrisind\n    \n    \n    Polo\n    \n  \n  \n    89:\n    303 Funcunlich\n    29\n    70:304\n    Cham Assio.\n  \n  \n    ·91\n    305 Quan quachy\n    29\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    192\n    306 Van linsen\n    25.\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    20\n    93\n    307 Lu Achoe\n    29\n    4\n    308 Lee Moksing\n    21\n  \n  \n    95.\n    309. Jam Alin\n    \n    96\n    310 Chan Amen.\n    24\n  \n  \n    978\n    11 Chamafat\n    30.\n    298\n    312 Chin achu\n    25\n  \n  \n    .99\n    813 Lay Assey\n    30\n    \n    \n    100\n    814 hin A chae\n    21\n  \n  \n    201\n    315 Ti cunchoe\n    30.\n    302\n    316 Chinsiakhin\n    30\n  \n  \n    303\n    317 Ly Assun\n    \n    0:\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    2\n    335 Pam Aquit\n    30\n    \n    \n    22\n    336 Chiccheon\n    \n  \n  \n    23\n    337. Cha Ayin\n    22\n    \n    24\n    338. He cam my\n    26\n  \n  \n    25\n    339 Lane thas\n    \n    28\n    \n    26\n    340 Chin Ayai\n    30.\n  \n  \n    27\n    341 Vam Capsic\n    \n    08\n    342 Has Apsin\n    \n  \n  \n    29\n    343 Pin Sinche\n    20\n    \n    18\n    do\n    Cla\n    do\n  \n  \n    Ceolies\n    Latyn Demerara Hired\n    \n    Cahinsao\n    \n    du\n    do\n    do\n  \n  \n    Ginse\n    Shoemaker\n    Lanen\n    28\n    \n    Cookies\n    Patone\n    \n  \n  \n    30\n    de\n    Macad\n    \n    do\n    do.\n    \n    33.\n  \n  \n    347.\n    Cha dun\n    \n    30.\n    341\n    44 Chonquiagen\n    18\n  \n  \n    31\n    345 Hupeunguar\n    18\n    \n    32\n    346 Chin Apan.\n    19.\n  \n  \n    Do\n    Chunlor\n    \n    do\n    Jaun\n    \n    do\n    Palo\n  \n  \n    30\n    \n    do\n    Caucha\n    \n    Oefong\n    \n    Folo Colsem\n  \n  \n    Deffor Coesem\n    \n    7\n    351 to Afo\n    \n    2/4\n    348 Lui Atay\n    22.\n  \n  \n    de\n    Haem\n    \n    33\n    349 Fumangun\n    18\n    \n    do\n  \n  \n    bước khuy cũng sai lệ\n    \n    18\n    \n    do\n    Palo\n    \n    22\n  \n  \n    do\n    Sarun\n    \n    38\n    352 Keon Sinisao.\n    30\n    \n    ds\n  \n  \n    Palo\n    \n    \n    مور\n    \n    39\n    353 Charinran.\n    30.\n  \n  \n    do\n    Chiloe\n    \n    20\n    354 Liquachun\n    20\n    \n    do\n  \n  \n    laun\n    \n    بوع.\n    Polo\n    \n    41.\n    368 Lis fo Lis\n    20\n  \n  \n    do\n    Clo\n    \n    20\n    \n    De\n    Defong\n    \n  \n  \n    2356\n    To Chinfu\n    19.\n    \n    do\n    Pale\n    \n    09\n  \n  \n    323\n    Chanseuncas\n    22\n    \n    Do\n    \n    110\n    324 Hem A Line\n  \n  \n    30\n    \n    0°\n    \n    Janeuni boesem\n    \n    133\n    57 Jun Achun\n  \n  \n    28.\n    \n    Oo\n    \n    Maen\n    \n    443\n    58 to affu\n  \n  \n    30.\n    \n    do\n    \n    Chusian\n    \n    '11\n    325 Chan Achin\n  \n  \n    \n    : 12\n    326 Chay a pun.\n    27\n    \n    453\n    59. Pamasu\n    \n  \n  \n    18\n    \n    do\n    \n    Lecomi\n    \n    30.\n    Do\n  \n  \n    163\n    60 Lead Linfure\n    18\n    \n    Palo\n    \n    بوع\n    \n  \n  \n    7\n    361 Fam havnsia\n    30.\n    \n    do\n    \n    Pale\n    \n  \n  \n    13\n    327 Chau achan\n    24\n    \n    143\n    28 Lam Asu\n    30.\n    \n  \n  \n    Chinsen\n    \n    8\n    362 Ficuelin\n    \n    18\n    \n    do\n  \n  \n    Loum.\n    \n    0.0\n    \n    بعد\n    \n    936\n    3 Ho Ahin\n  \n  \n    18\n    \n    do\n    \n    Palo\n    \n    15\n    329 Hin Apo\n  \n  \n    163\n    30 Lo A Chis\n    \n    317\n    331 Him cushi.\n    26.\n    \n    26\n  \n  \n    20\n    \n    De\n    \n    Pole Shunt\n    \n    30\n    364 Tom Augu\n  \n  \n    \n    do\n    \n    do\n    \n    365-leho- Assan\n    \n    24.\n  \n  \n    موه\n    \n    18\n    332 Chananque\n    30\n    \n    19\n    333 Chat a qui\n  \n  \n    203\n    34 Chi sun him\n    18.\n    \n    25\n    \n    مو\n    \n  \n  \n    ہو\n    \n    Pole\n    \n    Hakun\n    \n    Do\n    \n  \n  \n    Colo\n    \n    236\n    6 bam fotal\n    \n    20\n    \n    336\n  \n  \n    8 Chum Chunche\n    244\n    \n    4.\n    369. Lam Amue\n    30\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    do\n    do\n    do\n    do\n    \n    Puisan Sanon\n    \n    Jonen. Summe\n  \n\n1",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-074 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Robinson - 1859 [6-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 268069,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-118 - Public Offices - 1866",
        "page_number": 49,
        "title": "CO129-118 - Public Offices - 1866",
        "content_text": "27\n\n( = $ 95 •> Practical pan\n\nadnind that it will no\n\nas stated th\n\nThe Joue to the\n\nhi\n\nFind ho\n\nCoroncie contie\n\nH. Marra 2.0.45 that\n\n3\n\nthis 678. Nog of 1866,\n\nBut to that peony o\n\nponses this ade\n\nFran\n\n30\n\ncount be tied unde\n\ntreed under.\n\nIt Hims FIR\n\nPirais\n\nJam more\n\nCommet)\n\n5.\n\nComan &\n\nCommitted\n\nthat, by writer of 12 × 13 tid 6.96 an the Hist has, nuust be truck in\n\ni. 2 (acord) tott A. My\n\nCommitted\n\nColonial wate #\n\nniper)\n\ndouded & there - Buljit onl that the pouchmanti\n\nMust be the\n\n412 77,\n\nritar\n\nSin & Regen\n\nI copp\n\nHas\n\ndu\n\nmynty Sampered by thi\n\n$\n\nLeclares\n\nwith Ptring B\n\nbut c. 96. person cayed\n\nlied\n\nhom\n\nchayer\n\nBut\n\nCymers th\n\nfine same of:\n\nColonial\n\nThe\n\nlup\n\nJe Attorney Jeneral Estolicitor general Rucem Advocate.\n\n2.0.\n\nHongkong.\n\n47\n\n11401\n\nLu,\n\n4 Feb 1867\n\nThe Earl of Carnarvon\n\nhas had under his\n\nJan 167. consideration a report\n\nSi Rojus 29\n\nJ. Adderley 30\n\nEdlarnarvon 31-\n\naddressed to him by\n\n[yourself and the late attorney general]\n\nto the Schector geal. x 2 a\n\nOh instruction\n\npm turfamain\n\n24. 87\n\nSir F. Rogers\n\nTo the present and late\n\n) -\n\nAttorney Generals]\n\nThis draft wile I think meet the object in vrèw. But is it not duniable to\n\nachluss it & the Lucev, Advocat\n\nrespecting\n\nan Ordmanse\n\nfasted for the trial of Piracy\n\nin Hongkong.\n\nIt is slated in\n\nthat opemon that\n\nthe 28x\n\nx 2\n\n29\n\nVret. c. 63\n\nalo.\" I have this & goun does not enable Colonial\n\nMask\n\nwwe, misiss\n\nsut quid &\n\n8\n\nLegislatures to establish\n\nCourts for the trial of offences on the bigh seas\n\nand",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-118 - Public Offices - 1866.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 281256,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-143 - Sir MacDonnell - 1870 [1-2]",
        "page_number": 295,
        "title": "CO129-143 - Sir MacDonnell - 1870 [1-2]",
        "content_text": "204\n\nNative Place Furna. Xe\n\nMALE\n\n171 Pang\n\n28\n\n176 Hid Nang\n\n24\n\nNames of Passengers\n\n170 How food\n\n1979 blu a\n\n170. Clean hung -Achit\n\n1940\n\n175 Wong A Guing\n\nNO Tabourer\n\nBoat Boy Fung\n\nAbadm Labourer\n\nStene better heig Labourer\n\nVlam AW\n\nProfession practive Flace themaro\n\nNames of Pelinque\n\nPin mas\n\nLeavy\n\n404 Chow Lin\n\n26\n\nJung Roon Fung On Peing Dom\n\n205 Pai Pow\n\nLabourer Pabourer\n\nZing\n\nFot\n\nRiai Skin\n\n200 Dter fal\n\n29\n\nPabourer\n\nDowolona\n\n20% Lew See fat\n\n2.3\n\nPhone butter Devai i thin\n\n200 Wong hee\n\n25\n\nLabourer\n\ngai choi\n\nFoo Aboon\n\n907 Laiking\n\nShine better Rwai Thin\n\n177 Dong Afat\n\n178 Abood to kee\n\n2.6\n\nLaboure Labourer\n\nFung Doon Schem hore Pam Phow\n\n180 Ving How\n\n18.2 Les Jan.\n\nLu La\n\n149 Cheng Pong Revai\n\n181 Olung being 24\n\nAwa 29\n\nLabourer\n\nSun Roon\n\n219 210 Jan\n\n210 Lee\n\na Dow\n\n211 Lo hop\n\nP\n\nToo\n\nFoock\n\nShure Better For\n\nLame butter Fun Froi\n\n28\n\na Li\n\nB4\n\n214 Dow Ng\n\n99\n\nTabourer\n\nFrai Chow\n\n213 blum Ny\n\n244\n\n29\n\nLabourer\n\n188 Lung Rum\n\nalbadm.\n\n184 Louis-besauw\n\n25\n\nabanin\n\n188 Chun Choung\n\n21\n\n186 low a D'wai\n\nLabou Boat Boy\n\n189 trong khe\n\n190 Pang\n\nDri\n\n1910\n\n199 New Tam\n\n187 bokong Gun, Lai 18\n\nCheong\n\n188 Dlow\n\n17 Dangling Lern\n\nJoong Nos Pai\n\nRooling\n\nMai Chow Schur tas\n\nelversmith Awai Chun\n\nBoon\n\n216 Cheng\n\nSin\n\n217 Low Doon How\n\nLabourer\n\n7/8 Low Cheong\n\n29\n\nLabourer\n\n219 Chun Yee\n\nJG\n\nLabourer\n\n220 Man fat\n\n21\n\nFabourer\n\non\n\nLabourer\n\nFoong Sand\n\nSew\n\nfrod\n\nLabourer\n\n26\n\nPabouur\n\nLam Ving\n\ndi bhur Looi Thing 1/\n\nLabourer\n\n20\n\nLabour.\n\nbhui Yuen\n\n224 Pai Chong\n\nLabourn\n\n99\n\nLabourer\n\nYoong Roon\n\n925 Dam Chow\n\n20\n\nPabouter\n\n21\n\nStore butts Dam Shui\n\n296 Chun Pauw\n\n150\n\n195 Chen Yu\n\n194 King A Ree\n\n195 Wong A Geen\n\nTabourer\n\n22\n\nLabourer\n\nLin Ding Chow Joong Roon\n\n997 Akan My Ow\n\nNg\n\nOur 126\n\nLabourer\n\n21\n\nPeaman\n\nNevai Skin\n\n928 Low Vin\n\nPabonner\n\n199 Wong Kong\n\n52\n\nLabourer\n\n196 Lu Aque\n\n197 Ow Leig\n\nGue\n\n27\n\nLime butt blong Look\n\n28\n\nLabourer\n\nJai Loo\n\n1\n\nYou Back\n\nWong been\n\nLabouur\n\n21\n\nLabourer\n\n19: Aliow\n\n24\n\nLaboure\n\n199 The You\n\nLabourer\n\nbhom chame Oui Shang\n\n3. Yeme\n\nhoi\n\n201\n\nLabourer\n\nChoy\n\n20\n\nLabourer\n\n2007ing\n\nblin\n\n301\n\nLaine butter Nai chow\n\n24 Low Fing\n\nSome better Cleang\n\n201 tback Fin\n\n24\n\n202 Syow\n\n24.\n\nLabourer\n\nBoat Boy Rooling\n\nPan koun\n\n203 Low Row\n\nLabourer\n\nJun Song\n\nblum Rai\n\ns Low See\n\nCheng Sam\n\nJis\n\nFabourer\n\nShine beetle Peang kan Pabourer\n\nAwa Whin\n\nHouse Boy Sun Mooi Pane butter Rwai Shin\n\nLabourer\n\nPabourer\n\nFabout\n\nXa Yuen\n\nRwas Thin bantin Die Aimg\n\nEing Drive of Sshamngdom\n\nChouw Thow\n\nShed cheek\n\nJuen On Grai show\n\nSchung kine\n\nRwaishir boheme Thin ông ai dau Row long\n\nPing han\n\nJam Phui\n\nbhang Fin stam hoi Do Yuen\n\nkai oleser\n\nYeung Yuen\n\nAfter reviewing the provided text and applying the rules for OCR proofreading, I have made the necessary corrections and formatted the text in HTML as requested. The original text appears to be a list of individuals with their professions, ages, and other details, likely from historical records related to Hong Kong. The corrections made include fixing spelling errors, removing extra spaces, and rejoining broken sentences where necessary. The text has been formatted into paragraphs using HTML  tags.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-143 - Sir MacDonnell - 1870 [1-2].txt",
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    {
        "id": 281257,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-143 - Sir MacDonnell - 1870 [1-2]",
        "page_number": 296,
        "title": "CO129-143 - Sir MacDonnell - 1870 [1-2]",
        "content_text": "205\n\nانه\n\nMama\n\nof Palgengue Mar JamALL\n\nProfesion Native Staci Repra\n\nHome\n\nof Passengers\n\n  \n    MALE\n    FEMALE\n    Profesion\n    prative Place\n    Remarts-\n  \n  \n    268\n    diam Awing\n    28\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    boock\n    Fook Foo\n    23%\n    bhur foo\n    کی کی\n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    Loi foong\n    240dban Shin\n    29\n    \n  \n  \n    Store butti bhum Lock\n    \n    24 Tum Abod\n    No\n    \n  \n  \n    Plaman\n    Chouw Tons\n    You\n    \"ow a Diwai foret\n    274 Chung Scham\n  \n  \n    2.75 Cheng Low\n    26\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Pailor Laboure\n    Labouur\n    How long Sevai Shin\n    Howling\n    28\n  \n  \n    949 Pee Deen\n    Hum\n    98\n    boven\n    Kwai Schin\n  \n  \n    996 Show Pam\n    241 Lee Dhe\n    28\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Gooch\n    244 Yam doan\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    245 Frong Well\n    اسی کی\n    ہ مجھ\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Pabourer\n    Aso Geen\n    Chow Chow\n    1977 Chun\n    a Bauer\n  \n  \n    مائی\n    وئی\n    278 Jai Jee\n    901\n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer.\n    \n    30\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    श्\n    244\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    246 Pum You\n    247 Askung a chow\n    a 22\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    948 Le Panx\n    249 Tum Dre\n    by\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Shine butte Sching bo\n    Team\n    Jag am\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Sam Show\n    Pame butter bhong det\n    Howlong\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Pabour.\n    Sosy fing\n    279 Coke King\n    24.\n    \n  \n  \n    Pabourer\n    The Lutter Awai Thin\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Lame Butter Grai chow\n    Lane butter Looy foong\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Reai Shim\n    Hasha Tran\n    280 bleu fat\n    18\n    \n  \n  \n    Dlum chow\n    981 Sui Fro\n    18\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    289 Alwan Fuc\n    20\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Pabourer\n    988 Wong Chung\n    16\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    280 bhan Choy\n    ду\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    Kwai Skin\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    284 bhun Fin Fin\n    18\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    202 Lum Le\n    257 Pit a food\n    209 khủng đảm\n    213\n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    Jam Phui\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    985 Lum This chum\n    18\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Pam\n    26\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    Joong Moon\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    286 Ja Bhung\n    24\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    24\n    Labourer\n    How long\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    234 bhai cham\n    24\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    233 Sheik Loo. Stim\n    25\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    Kwai Shin Dowling\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    288 Gif Chum\n    20\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    289 Aban dbana\n    وئی\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    987 Ching chefoong\n    25\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Ng a Dimg Nam koy Then Frooi Boon\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    von thee\n    Fai King\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Pame butterblum Lot\n    Same butt Thing Ning\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Plow Him giai showr\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    oy\n    Boy\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    joy\n    tog\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Pabourer\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    236 Ng b\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    bhog\n    287 Chum Dievai\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    مجھے\n    ہ مجھ\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Barber\n    36\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    الی\n    اکھ کی\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    20\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    mai chau\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    257\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    Frai chow Trai tour\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    265 Lo Jung\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    264 bḥum Ng\n    дя\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Pabourer\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Guen\n    Labourer\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    266 Rong\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Tum Fin\n    211\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Равосим\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Dear Show Frai Show\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    100 Fum Lin\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    267 Dto food\n    £4\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Lame better Kwai Shin\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    01 Lu Aye\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    268 Yow chan\n    25\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    269 Ne a tad\n    21\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    bood\n    240 Low chew Sing\n    y\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    27 th houng\n    Labourer\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Pen\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    238 Cheong foser\n    259 Pang A Pai\n    260 Cheng Aye\n    50\n    \n  \n  \n    201 Đại Đúng\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    962 Chan a ching\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    268 Chan A Man\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Shine butter Jai Jung\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Pame better Lest quen rai chow\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Some butter Mai show\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Con\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Awai\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    M. Wrong Asee\n    194 Tong Sam\n    195 Fring Revai\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    96 Thoun\n    97 Foo Fam\n    98 Par Diwai\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Yong\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    99 Choi how\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    190 Lee Adam\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    124\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    bheme Foo\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Arai Shim\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    391ff fat\n    20\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    The butter Pan Thei\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    299 Thus Low Sauw\n    21\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Равосим\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    25\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Pabour\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Lame butter Fring Equin\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Shing heren\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Prek Lo\n    30\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    17\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Carpenter\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Novi Ving\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Laboerner\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Jam Phu\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Barber\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Sou\n    dbang Ting Food in\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    230\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Plore\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Reefer\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Dlerai Shan\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Dans, Boy Reiking chur\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    72 an\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Almam Min Fak\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Quai Shang\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    02 Jane a Lum\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    ON See Fing\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    04 loker foo o Frong Fee\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer\n    19\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    House Cory Awai Shan\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labour\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Seen Am\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Sun Lou\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Store Reeper Guns On\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Yen\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Shois Reeper Has Merr.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-143 - Sir MacDonnell - 1870 [1-2].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 286875,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-155 - Others - 1871",
        "page_number": 344,
        "title": "CO129-155 - Others - 1871",
        "content_text": "! \n\nConsiders que entitled \n\n1 the amemes of salony \n\nMentioned \n\nmy \n\nletter \n\nmishes to underst and \n\nthus \n\nof yesterday, and \n\nYou \n\nhe \n\nThe duer \n\nnot reconize having \n\nLani uper handen.\n\nLu \n\nfisher \n\nment \n\nThe despatch conclure \n\nva \n\nLa cancy \n\nme? \n\nKerance \n\nColonal Formos \n\nof the Kong \n\n9- 26 November \n\nInforming Earl Grey hand \n\nto my \n\n1826 \n\n2 \n\nThat \n\nme \n\nheed.\n\n22 \n\nMemonal.\n\nthie Cowship \n\nintimating this Excelling 10-14 May \n\nto make this known to \n\nJuri \n\nin \n\nany wer \n\nMemorial \n\n' \n\nsigned. M. Laine \n\nCall Sear \n\n8. i j me 1829 - Informiche \n\nne \n\nthint \n\nthere \n\nWast \n\nno \n\ninforming \n\n1850-ajain \n\nthink Carl \n\nme \n\nGrey dies not recognize my claim to auch \n\nmyel \n\nany further Kayment, whether \n\nin Shope of salary \n\nCompensation - \n\n18. Dear 1857 \n\nSiperming \n\nme \n\n10",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-155 - Others - 1871.txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 307352,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-190 - Governor Hennessy - 1880 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 470,
        "title": "CO129-190 - Governor Hennessy - 1880 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "0102848\n\nEnclosure in Governor Dis John Pope Hennessy's Desh: M1190 of 18th November 1880.\n\nJ...\n\nfor the Chimes in fnct it as thor: erg fars flety unlans Phys like to take the Hon. W. £- deng\n\nJoy boa friend waid but the Past so grot fancy buying the metalusion sam už llezzy) trace wehretde of the Qring or a whole there toom Suppum, and regalities Ace note ordnina of Piskup Bonda. But the greeter op 2 BORLING-Taky je fit, vistament\n\nLaved\n\nwith the wrap time we are takse, and 7 Xuveetcarries thas perfonis Fabulae, n he wild at that the catapupunast be cubens where so protects are ment to contributo tu them into thin Nam m her cute. Materi\n\nsung na samo 100-\n\nPat, in a time vil eg - may see at: ay then we sulibanaleringen to me!\n\npromociīnu of the expenses stimuly\n\nBettie P\n\nWREN\n\nice-liste\n\nthe post sectary in two and of the latter, basso col pent\n\ntive of Valer of state I\n\nThat the motards the ali iure m\n\ntin mesoud.ajenty paisal and these of\n\nCORRESPONDENCE.\n\nexposer Concept;\n\nWATER\n\nwat penin-will see e-filios bus be stores to\".'s newlyria\n\nTHE DAILY PETS, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 11TH, 15\n\nFire!mory sturen, to wild will-dressed wid] wara Grimons, druritus, ce \"rition semireli, & to to th\n\n9 BSDICTC LA Dean Haroon A day in tres the- minutan at arisan out of the to the Trot of the Thru His name it That is We do pet bailouteelee-tegematele se itse og ann bengit of Be C855 Hail C\n\nMin Late strane THE MEN serve thal Asia ber my kayfreedano: 1:1parti, aná, v Hie Marsileasy as Rounders of Stuse was that He Malas the In 1 KESWICE-I lund by 97ention goes on the Dolby. thie Gevt. SPESUSilve, ntā pagr Exgnilatie's vises nova rejared vid faith 4 wes Where I say, it is n the Brush Plans (latang 3 THE COTTOR OF THE \"GLY \"E\"\n\naz te geat of pvull eraðs, most put tevis ; mona vele ver has a place. Pies; tidered eat, its fall relic of this stins | Ganer bat saived thu sidress • gratis. First Contr. Recio! aveur, Horanles invos, but no tam | pintaci su pizan be nou. Vertinacy, and one fonate fieldzy. Now, with regard ta ble ears-i pase sad Dime, or that class ivel'ng bova 228 for frma a well in frang Batman's, pat. Ti-That že o priven meget tlus Conry. taro anation Prep, tek bid! get hatimay sakeney and the City: 2005 on youthly that bez bandi anzf Porbes, Kumping, no! Buttonjto are numeste ledicine water, allow as 67 kek live wit\n\n¡ xxl7—7'5« Cibinasa par A permet, of Gia, firths ALTE IN PARUM. In in for 13E DOULACityrinu of expeting and principle is open to bang ezized, sad liths malým should make chaß in poor toma's and she smu 2.8. pilti, bu grifiadors Tauve gira sabut\n\ntial recaps why the Coairal 9-heal, bo i friand ven reply sitowards anail if britan they say about 150 que\n\n4 is Canali) y parties at Ying Tante, and stiles to which Le nifay a pevale kraedem, which hit says is retiembly for (trave I anu padmašnu iu i anticster which thought\n\nis all ing wall that\n\nTeal esasen ing my 'ansiaty in arcqualatt bobalf of the City\n\nwhat I vil tidy serata sulge, Ba\n\nI have cored to deal with wind any hum\n\nfriend all the uremica in the matas before\n\nFr. WX WEE FRELLENT\n\nmiter\n\nille\n\ncwla proradiva co6 JAN\n\nb. then whys bales foeling and use if evil in unaniment by hygienia 7 200 this vejrt a l'erfiandra and spot as talla ng car des Count the site due. I a\n\nof Hot Pure Wicole to gun cursed Hon W. KRANICK-Went has this opinion, an lbs lour of yea that there is the water figny, be. fi cu baial\n\nFlow bright appears to infial: ore 20 psules go for : Hon. W. KER-CR-The states made a una nithecol?,\n\nofil er i live polition you belief in eet Beet as fad Free rifi ple for shut, and whe the: she clerk save la pet. This is I this it sunds that\n\ncesto mezip such eat, Flank through this drownin, und is aptly. That mowing as one we had in\n\nHier hour mara manger to lussophathing boltes cology distration it is whatever as reps the faid or is it al prepakot potatale nitawaja 19\n\nis abújh she (ovnemurit par forward as one whja ļesi\n\nbio of the propis\n\n•jakich zonifů ananmune âute the w7\n\nIt is • admitted hall by en lys that the l eratis\n\nWas the\n\nin Ruening an agilise as by the Areas of any\n\nstreet parpaces, angane paliely p\n\nde of stone on the lieuter. But theer ARMAG. Indem aliaisi janam Did these sur Pass Fresh Esigo na; and E inibi é\n\nA ̃1⁄2·ĺ ̧voi mute ro3000 mica po Z WEST Loving 25:sted very bizi. But whether diketik sted the moller of hou frient, i use this wind, 61+frati ogrevinent tax are Tey finiumo delves see yemi sar. Who Elet and probaldy wruh) bave revived an from ! with the Gateruor of the Lingy--not a private' wiži pudgavour in some littly nay ta elutty Hon. P. DATE-Four Exssiones, I La i se zised ad kogal Hesign. The coom within tha Ledline j does he wires far the pence f\n\nI or twn of this pie mus with whom hargahas oracugement. Nat if loin due muwahead, and it was nazazavry en séjourn into the our the board and made listinction of run like is a so deed placul lantion it outts for repard Faidanud kapt np. Now when thin grein air where purfeet freston asosan pe primera intalni sen of very littla volte\n\nbut which ku ketdi mustining na gortinasi, buka publikagiberent,sualizing the war, wing theisere instag was 35\n\nhis son. & also, is only\n\nas rrrded in the achives of\n\n$10 is an vtis.len in the immatra sé thế | cada tetang kia Anteract on behalf of tuni grant was while at Brast shoa 1-1 will pay relatiations asco barn 10 boss Jenk at tais docugans I Suì il vento! Bishop : perfect place of sting, Brandi and - shan Tefcool loss gut and wred abnet Qzava,sni itu City Hat Domaine Nut beits in chiron. But is to th; thus Chiume shocfai tan fesole siittist for Bandos, who knows in crazies of the peopy. £zi way is that petition was aldriand' I saw New, how done it rat pose that he has provats ascertaganto, it is safercad en by Ni! Song of Subs, usus 1:22 jild to Rustáceana --Uqwysd \"apien the rom i jant forwsted na to apport of the TZ, and, I nothing we chau this, that the allowance nemandiola ou a iz in curtain\n\nte mít paplḥins about it\n\nBieber Nenast! in Ine Legittutive soutien al pot row what and there a wait then was la bu oti inellatio was\n\n2 tabanitants of the cutting, walk\n\nIndartet\n\n7\n\nI toss the Colony\n\n• Quien me to Thies His Pizon?lencia de gand mź hero Liver the snow but for 3, 2009-10-at weekea Trapsih sat fantorvel | olast or way inting was writsee, to her the weld te rentaż to have this pubertals, as mini ant\n\nalrea\n\n3.\n\nPOOCHOW.\n\n... દિવાન\n\nCum sa of oser 1000 bars non fately\n\nthe tag to be friend for Ruhani mion to get only tacite and do if the aneste grimph fake nained in it bette Close are park that are vital subfack. i did i\n\nLetos tu sit Mewart Fick-Bowls au Laid egacervlug on if it for its the yzestion af\n\nWeizenez goub, vaul bacro any skin tuakamgii dotare. Pagråleang, ** Ball croatie, w J. -listand is verbay of it, Darjatiny\n\nward in the g of Cacic v., is to Houghouse or Royʻeraber 1990). T-24 Central Seals that fit the toes then f Fire Tanks ne pralared, sad this et rute of You fill great, goatlemen, that the in the clicting my shots tres para tang thaia; aul Shore T.. Rida suger what is, what lasts thora para before His 2x2)-Well, put on, the 28- Sto pay the Cumler of Cay Hall &\n\nthe enuitles which Tudnoc:[ fitant to ensue lo che ion is that we go into numifiées. mited way hon, fridad as it like a pren Liry sad Mom. Now leven in the actum Hapus\n\npar with foil what the buyout deaising that it was Jassie to bars sanh & raisi\n\nREXI just wished to mantien thr tical m\n\nnextsto priglas Library, I r\n\nThat Lie au bout de man tieto present augier between the love him\n\nEvans......\n\n(the Blizzona - The Lineary is\n\nFace Fallecious are many out that the ruor, atd.) robe:dole masher of (a) 27 er han etarg nationality. tory visitor in experent\n\nMandal for thought a hoary-that it was de parargo the sins of this these try of intake, ther neeband. I don't say If ene Chame to fit ity Hall in ult, Jr.) Assistas, buty wat of co\n\npraliugua man of commuap repas arben a question\n\nBi That Mesura for the first to con\n\nRattajanandanthin is,\n\nStay Draper pengar couples tcpolder the M. WAPYA Buttkulinară! 123 prevedadest Bay\n\nTheLofalet tock'stezia of Ch Extors When thasard of autoiwan at the Mzimate for weld: logh 15m kopaln Ausing zoals\n\nHi. W KONWENT-I loveit 11. was ie the land shist for years routed spina in at ! distthy news writing farmen 155 komm cius | plyer delve thy verlay and etar 18 Dygrenda lɛing than it so celboise with p 1. His Exauraser-Sy hon. Prind in word Impiantin all jovent and will hot without of thinese uril 5 werter\n\n·TAFFCHS 29082x.\" [~4? T\n\nSasta 1% to Say Flist in mir bosh tor to write his ust in a back chisis Till be hard ww2 MES THIS STU was princisely far tha Change—[här. {and verticle ben clearly en meiakað pinjam sacītutina His Extil-en huâ gaid he jatenauer As is grupes Rue dizel Zr th\n\nJouni cammern, mina thu Liburg rank they are bined is not forward sono sud a flourile dinte sitte\n\njabi for verutal vaaz there spessową tu trim for shut purpose br ha Chinney stationic ca a ima 1956 The Muwatu, way by nu gus alt, fur that\n\nband that is total co thin t\n\nCli\n\nbien: di tea mbiorit\n\n¡ vested by thiChty Podi Ceramitta. Authues forte - Butuanjon are to pesad the Cainen sejrts: bailług 18 tiny dice so tas iucuronate zikatooding ihat it is rapemented to than ingalist17 moizitasulink ? mL at 23:24 sud disinct das mi kannstugstor\n\nLEELANDY --Nor I and the mic fu sa minah lama la fiche Hall Nawar que soli kava tinaght valepked for tunaitsey Nets. As for 25 jall Bar Majesty's nabírata aboalů be incited gas fired & E-Br slani 15 bei 1st illuded to it\n\nthe\n\n'anic bogen kvilzuse whink would bring the wiwa ke pazne to capnífur lây Montication, marais fuja and days there are suround, bl\n\nCus\n\nwood bit rabur of Punakom, a few minutes\n\nSulition to nofog tals Iturh, which gives it staldetest Cy at Committos, Arthurdle paid to Alto Sax hour,\" trong she fionana : GRASS by 11:emed the bou, find Mr. Briv | Ha Esta prey suid–f way zermark that time the fine was plaent, som 320 sul mare\n\nat a E,\n\nwith me to inseam you will deactions Pure car endurtending for\n\nchoi\n\nif the Chicow or restricted in their pat is en augstunt Pignis Anchorage. To cai thay if aliwat the big day. lost, and by low brisk beary spa sad tingi Hoth. il M. 793. En countion with tank and be rettider of heal\n\npolish, sed ut reviniti latter of bis, analni tosil camporie: to\n\nunsabaltiesa, vre on fat she day my\n\ntopoinputs with the waan, is indivalme, should be published ulna, ta for furti darator at Lewinebres to red wine et argent at the cult thei\n\nis Barunvor vejeded to this,\n\ni was see 19h mit elever sin Coppie baza en chote way damn the cust. for ideal has apparent ist und ebrian.\" That an aliek sudarso tute Liten aninge sits in her warm ul. Tre in alana sterzone i Hes sharial rise that warrant the\n\nreply to Mr Brits, the GYRENAE site at the Busz ismal has formed the craze. To matag yangi Fash, ani o esanie w role analy your to Bay Merit, was in Winca is indistiglione Tabery in sponu wa shjacting us so ganės Pay My\n\nling sure the maybe, son a high featñilar to the medico which en and exit for a one with Ewest of Junts plagunited's bullar which forte jention torming to the safer it is eft, quid he happy to col the brave tax if any delling of all the great struce JNUTS, CERIN\n\nwhich made it y\n\nmes we span, at bo en will anays be water ny the bar of the Minier atelet\n\nit acogit, moal for worn, with the Mitigate them, the Bellis flat out to fhore, i sant three sul verse in this still spite of something bich was posted a spirit tai, tie pored star eg the Civil Pa. thur H. Regina - I really din ne observe fait down by the referral Manuell and 26.50 Suremile drums, pin. Hied as one part, w Bas entertaining remni of the shena 23 12 this one of post 1, 201\n\nof the month of tail to a prepare the dams to the chose to the which aint they will End they ware bases are fupra fata vwerlift ad this pole time. E152 31 3 world, not hara jaan. Hurling in Was $4,000!\n\nAnebo what the Wersung auchorage - Stanger, and carga undan saproputato cirst se w the the 27 Bu might is placed these atraints that this mother when the gut e duerte Sir dickes tan teactor are operaeil, 1 may milf me just as sail fuelite, and that is brings tom sleari bat he ususidered the fun of 32.05) was dugnatiot go farther in many boats be rest iphit hard astrartin de santhe City hall there as loterial, o Coen Tubio-avis, in which bo ogrel in de ware by rain trade the rug test juhet mad high, osing sous, por quar, a role was no tie si stannes than it has rest, we\n\nty homes as erat, uccisive, Loan the publish of the mail say Hell I still hose tirat yarr Stellewey by Mes Recertary of State, a propesat which says capete, and be 3d not kace whether it would sitheera Pling my at Pazia Asia-340 free lays he thinks the subject of this 1:07 18 the man tar face kept the newer haurd of War litiers arsuri dent is a gladiators extimate to slooo that it be out wellent but it sen, hot gir pay for embrass\n\nTane guwa in šmjurlanos at the uzmagant si su cas id imestayng 4 Avene 2 of back. It is, as, the over the the Cubanite word seed on he was before the Wines Camille ter der I is to trial fus vix de 25. Wars. tr. Rais fare Ife Exteney maid ha han en dosha the chas, and this Laiwan in get\n\ntaner to wie is she notes of of the Colous, aloited a trials presented stagestion that fa vie anathe the suite in die buiten. You calling strig hously, which tam enim fo corny could we't afford to pay the e, with shina the Gevamnei Gongel Butt weber get a fuck no situr leveruer lenght Braing of Das raresin chupke so tried and pl¦ soitin Chanaitley is to the s| Vorancitbu icto exedief xià alt those extrúlera next rest la pisha baze te ads wanej We have to shrozic's sziil acocker Are is the\n\nbar, y mention has a catid to it by buy adopting in giving brunstane but fuellinicus acute lirien coup rate at PEL, FUT in fatara! me with fiba sortam 1ke ramps! was to be pail to the tastes. £19 94250, TN Men Flat desenli wekies, fefend saposito (Mr. Koawick; that non-i postively focosa. Severačun sé vit se saz. ↑ Te voxounting with the Fire Briguén Win. Exanth vise of the True bridge. LE And this of mine of whjes he was the iconic Mit Frapiacus fiat me batut the three instem in was dete with it? Et was malena de las | 37 the Chicers 1 bere it in ta, west of my tiens and leef lost to cyfuss ebay tavo dovo MOUNT nugh.\n\nres in stin Cig Fall, wher. I do aceited as terassing in the den Now, why did grant with the trust word, with Sir Bricare suntsile TM-30s, beface Chice on othersion by 1 gray of tale, 15 is paletta/sury, in rapy to Me. Rysis, suit Le haperi i time being burn the alps ant dantings of a the part of the Domalie while was most to the in? Tain with it was zalany to spel for admiring at that as these instruces they have per the tower the bits ranks commend Sam. Here pourer clair, mavily worker in and in th Lou to the Quictive of the Crease. we only when my friend Mr. Pelgave wad one or athena day decor, f he day eve it is upon, a seat was a one stspert ju jie mang. Lipon ita fered to the veinbiy odacarter of the now on-inance the fish to caree\n\nwith a 2011 died inletocol inta ita votor stars sing trash the next up in fraf sick that Saturday run, wil be tafel. If such der ute metal stentic thun tay chilik taten nn the hill.\n\nof an Aarse moman who hit the losshote fine enfersus in the preetings of the din cafted by attraction to win fair own suede,ali kis returns that a lain mere I doing for way tend to have hantved noon to aquilar hot - KIR Kshes her hy wondd gan the orar a borries was king ra\n\nwhat is his dut. of Intent at a 3-as szive, 2 in. Arstid arte e cons why the nationing in way body of stinens, Sc bn teatav matar for it, but 13 on saat\n\nAndlig ont apan tu Soor, is said to hum pra sedeker, satin shkonin at put up or is 14 the dishary; it way, I want within cad my few sumie nonauliun wih sus rate for les plancing the origluating puran. The dram rol Post of Corpo and a good way in a distinction areas one subunits and ane by the\n\nreatif To tomucents. A zonit & giziren at the time gee. We stok dispiceltid hul beca drar as ini. Cuir life in a Bubar to have justion at your avaliares to se\n\nnatice nonthe lock, and by sider, pescu to be olanly on for an ofthe tea planting mock the calf the of the Fein Steel, ant tures I saw whm w granle the latrary, hot arly at angels libeeecanes dels sun to way be is authorison by the dua mani, nal hele kuo that of als du mities will rogers to the poorsica debts Jericot a fan apply a beans The fire was ultimately hun. feud but marred, ils surd, with word Maver, Bad that dign is resintu ees of Stat\n\nalls for apenience of no Pagkamene pusest ei lana erdhi padaveratrakarunas houltsing, Caluse they furonoma substantial | duned the nutni sat hy the Harvspondisse.calumppad by high tire walls, the only doincar Per S when Sir Riclista Hagberall way at the case for portata da 01 b. Le Dieng, euent maring the same mered The Cause masin for idsisting na vne ratas hassuke x-fy the 1-1, bar en fast it ages, in as Poslin any machh simiyat diskier where, na\n\nGeely (s. 2015 2014 in our se le ha a la salleer else Thistory the bad bunny semmiraz is, I should start on pringle or the head of ten pollase and catur hans, armerthing rariter to\n\ntheir . The Sear adope-dedisticetin of tmsits with the the Couition will me its way to the just kept work from being med in, and having to theupertion at the bare rw vabail is $100, wing the lowest psd baks in fusign, zyl- frichir lat\n\nsud verme vejo a wil\n\nfor Frise C is gun, ty bạn) zurios gw brought to my klaw, vice, wizi del all ea Theo- i The am Fr. Omentioned mig i fu ITA MAY 1 itu le! i cry alas to do with the sprites. T tovers The wriods of the routine the 5 the karviatge of as Execdiva. We thus sutirnos candpostera \"imecrestiny a cheer of Gtitor of, Semestary of Stat mula besterly spar to theta i vite Odily, laztimo ser Rat hy the war. ની ના કર મા જય essed or\n\nof deres herman\n\nTelon it comic b sugar bu question,\n\ni with reard to the opinions i wich wer hencky zaprovu. Krurgiling ↳ Indesitating, ja ainsady nesire any beat. ke it is aning to the age as wisten to deem wa I do I procentum to log the tacts began, das câm?\n\nthe easy plow at Suttlwys in simil Teen Fiction in the bat je de su i wdriseca. Alu bodies may buty sensitised, and Laulandins trens zu teile rossaanud, and the 9-1site Granite or Year Baker My upl. | flors expressal shant tuis vriten, it now ngress | dessa by Mr. Preč, and his gialt la exisul send i to invite a fraula eelagratine Daring des\n\nist dert time can be trudi shu Oltr Hat. renditions on with the rich, and inside a chourly A Car of 11 turnier in the Cormaritice sunalil give way. Yours us that the winciple that the Chines skuld be si us ex aliony with sud men toguses of the fry the baith ground of the foreign Cataset. Un Lil Practition from ozatons estetion of my Lists Council to Bengts new wide in sanitat way postal actions in the Lead of this Colang sud que fins sail withinst distimation issue which the lieuty and sabitation of the Globy trad settlement was cupied by swerment. Obses End Tamarac, in the Chemie 19 as the antogs the consitions lari doru sad said beet and saying an intriga jery The Que. Henry read ill become this Gevenmant a ubuitinate these in to get\n\nspastatom. To view of the rapkling with which e sendiri fruen tac form the dial until they die Fitohard McDvareit were married cal, suggentul.\" So it goats to this, vial thaasjanything ipinvolved, and I think the Doemitter: by não munding itself, as is small, by contiuning Tiwi maitint and ped, and ths; the Quarea xurrad it ray conated fomunale\n\nis the only buy the banues this an adjournaā vise után, with good grane tałybt giva nav. -(Applan94;. || tance in Gaking the pablin hatisation as writes hy en Coloma Bears interwing\n\nthat bab me lữỀ, was frat, that ef's women. Wiz Kui à la lu en paradily as yours.\n\nenigste, eta, formerly, 19 slade\n\nremark in this astawagina that thu many of the Now Tobicera that is ang waste the ten sow the se's Eilish us from the Ciry B, forory con\n\nThe CO2. LA RAYTRÝB Capranil\n\nChinese Hansa azertm) quang The Balša Long hi what we may cat tinent, of sunstide of ratianulits I wont be able to the Croma t\n\nko ilify the tino wet abolish this disine vain word worth shall, or moto, más gomiresi ifis Montawe yakul that soten other li cuncurrenes with why the way-thengri\n\nalio have geroan phimnina, whtie a te sil the tenabimusta.\n\nwey sould net, under their own oficialu, legally Jen, phê ch at the stassarunge to whisk Lori salena the vote of $1,29 is the case for gradjamos e so weidy 145 tan loses full wish 14 sport, and if staat bad muld ban be toge but its myrarl of sår | Als lid tore them CRNI & Surgenstok pleto. My hon. The street six Bahaul H. No Che pH st. Konte har on them in naked if the actus one ne\n\nStr. Koseck ought to negly as the whole. | tr al Choration plus need is pd-\n\njava czy primis at all. Chizzne chiar tow will got owešu Leenivase compaties great for. The Tacions Zerouts which the Ciry Hall Confriend, the Can of the Concier Rogled as an ad that the Orient contains the paper and be a telit\n\nitt ut is their pesos un this subject\n\nÜhisena rilatta alirdies, lika, ele, ba basi kuskanů A division Back pawiutka damnader. Ibaliano Gavazninduzi vine nizma ka et ten dissarlice which was iron, se might be it räh, mai no tie alber hand he was seed it del sol,\n\n| 230 to the most fregnent avms, flaît via caco)295- meating safer that impraton sat after all bees of\n\nSacrate of Raye Pauna ay sayi. Jakker ng exferumas in the Chinesa anwser, Heiloriom rowed bis agiofior hire nine that\n\nJohu Frily, & fly play with a with a when not in unalen an son Fyrrut pe puzzel, blesk zalomen may if angad that there was no pason why the ¦ he had smo vil the papers des was quiba katimĵoj, what's fart? I am no mitation in say with me bad. friand, and 2 saat Mt. The toy ate of stang Gogh to do that. The Mastinomicu ploaie, he dzewz iu dha Maxcurd cavan bo llonght aue marovalier 1945 and he later vir wie dak and suc+bie in the done foot doop is shavings, inna\n\nWe hus mehilfa basyonquer's Tres that the Durty 14 CREW This Coinsy Sassore laut a sobat dit to the Q than in the birry er al Garda tak wat\n\n1st necessary to\n\nto avoid display and Cound at Sâu tales on 1 p gloss a potus fow for lies in decuster na cully Huttons of 3.5 taken by any but friend, auf. I think, thres vai, Pira stins impuned by die Kishan, ler area is the muda, ale ting erigiert audie Gronder about do their holy and are flak otar-fied wonte de sout, data stail bawire tres ant s\n\nt structural so which run kvinne nessure Tyler Tuber, 1 ki ze she wolf Danball in winter will be sent than 1 cther Sir Basenow but dat vupie wer emitir\n\nne day's imprraoniomed with. hard Liceor\n\nIelísapte and rapidly repison? after a fry, mom thee to the vaseg ini terors the pastic in this the ammuity to underabad id, td the ban will they read: He bad hva a wood, out other in land or W. Knewick was ay matam zu\n\n¦ offantire moms evilk, ke dualt, long mga kama sport apply. It's begin nith, not cari the gouliaran who has soovi chce with rukost be the princnt of tiny sencers, Rag die duize it has viritet kat ke sesturk, s silti tiis agn, that what he retaiSudan Quan bend hinn Aliu, chair or he taken to wear we recales of\n\nut is mild to the Lens heel ander print ante and fel any hats jush. Tow. Byrtit us any tarala se bo quid asset to me sui de urcan tear though wer limb csazhen and becaria o ung aldaera att meget gith being at largs fight whianitie\n\n| હૂ for Guy Hail is hald, not sel is id ant the und train, and when ass Deations. I erts it all site in its win at lunak iparkance als Try fine 165 USD ON A 20 18 30 14 was tru primare suited the cbszym and sail\n\n-Ho-ait.\n\n· passes er Eighte tas condicions in which Rue Majeye Color the Eye Cats plan wewe was 135 He was the 4 giggipte invalves, Midar e Beways and i had toned gre tummaat gays the Owap land is fast greti dio of gfogott tart lovin rate at tagesalf anyone can forming 2010 at 60 lety Parerande parter, Feud wie kids, and come tear deal of the ad witmotion in hints & restante of about the led gran nirapluie war ROLL INTELLIGENUS,\n\nLa sic, ut elu tras mutant to be the marke der sedious of Dorthe only preference had plug to the wese dy had the down passupponing he himself wice a Chinesa\n\n* Wold it 4 snow somari Mrogat it was stutis savage\n\nFrisa Jeth Bepianibär. Sad Dock is rug arm with the Irgat date. Holly going over historien wery if he hit wald wurting high le selos China SP Ton banker, and a clades. 2000 for Now Phan, and 3 for care be\n\nties Opines fins that es in nobu Finele earl, in latenti spertyzinar\n\ndemedimgataverunt.\n\nThis muse for re Jun Vás vyhjnet, all of Dece veing in fo riso iroporncarut\n\nI ara gires widely in en the Curritas of the Che Bill, and enter a part tuntien laat said rep distincio, fat diet tas fechange it Try, Pony of the roth-, to outlet to the 15 band thats at\n\nwhether it is poh, was a harunity, ha es thought that, aking there ne mazure, we did our want to induce laws that's an ens for Malan recinte a last usta, af 8779, ↑ Ất bát Khay kali noting there we sway on which shown windward hat that lie na vas trinxicogrpalet fra the multic of the Ocluas; noll not only aid den tur proper coul'joms, ruke. When i wnded to the noto, Íses has buy to mala the remarks by hul huiendly in ths Lenoiry 12upply articka ut sa-\n\nThis portioner ting Chau ceguity, it fata un interest, so saberis, to write Shop with hand ishong, for being it at might without a f\n\nms with the Gay Bellmuntik nat be worthy ni kios atam le petuniaj ti ha terast. We a misty bonis Tuen was moet satz, nie aan, who thecongbly under New spil\n\n21 Snomitis W they refeed in avonds to did but eps at in what to cured be be a pamphlet published and the e way his deal it is unha prisala peps kibein tube init they wore to consider sansiling jiliin ang sedan a pubi, progr\n\nwaterped to which the suplast the icons, V. BENTER-- Wax Club Kant, stich\n\no Tha!? Chin, qui tim who to Tony Crem-It was with\n\nwhen sh\n\nBanctus leva je 12 angling sterg Berpart ned i the evani should be wholman. À leirs majesty of whom are B, W. Kravy's--is tem imel tong tatic. Al stop psttleman wout away frots the it is smster Nonfading\n\n(thirty mass of hazine, hank macaquer, badingjieskruplines as 26 jantjazd 1\n\n11th 3, 1960.\n\nE\n\n0. MarissiOS. that cl\n\nLive F\n\nthe poetic, and of the Chinese the\n\nPOLICE GOURF.\n\nSimpú zalogs.\n\nBETX Hos., PRAMOZILY.\n\nLAUNEINYERS.\n\n↑\n\nbriel.\n\n■sy right\n\nBACALMOE.\n\nMaria Corte, residing at No. 55. Hully d moned fri ning baland in\n\nBook Gill, og vraneh..... .... ikk Bunk Bista, at taget sight...9/9\n\nBeur Bills, at 4 months' sylt 9:95 Credis, add-ondas' sight Diary B\n\n97%\n\nsight 8/95\n\n|Hongkong vad Ahenghai Han's Sheros--56 car\n\nnent, pralaim.\n\n$1.1.\n\nBesk Company'\n\n467\n\nthe tab of the Guts of the day, string se sul way wow saght hand others to use it in the rate at ng Lag et Avids. Benno da janel Antler Ilanted para say. Applause, the und into a cage finne des Er is fed an AENKY-LENAL-Your Exoticusy. Insa seu de Le Cutudy were luvitaż to set the sick, wirrty beach of the man\n\nwernlar of this unit is th will not glue in say ar: She ass, Cafe, and seruit, wit aigle bave stunt on the 7th lastan, Cartons of radice, su apkalatty is others. I was reed we the armies of the Unser Jurijn 33s sys: Cealth gets set for 2001 Buddar so far Regaiglad with time History, view is en we eater which would want the tie the compliant spared and alert to\n\ncundusly of it, baxing bad mary of the papery nangutan ainm and at the wine line paseret mer khu suoras defendant, bad propriend j kso bat & Blazer and your reactor Woll weyuser, and Sir Richari Mahio- tione 1 varennstrinn, P. The letter of Siriona i Coluty, thus I think i was la aule Lộ đay chemistivation inday interlod, 11 west meat diy.! s Worskin olized tito paraisses tɔ bu wish. fa City Hall Gogiste hane 3 max belle minute si Fane there a horror tend this was the first atter A commicio, was mide 16 that the rules orai yotropical and Shingve with into my co sina bare home to sender and aging. As why we at 18 fr nuusy bun any more.\n\njen lúc tatan G. Weil on earning, an ear, the candituunt is regularizam. To thun Ist es im that key bace hangat befe day.inters to the curtain and spent may and a\n\nEmali Oner, TE, the queda as St Ste on there and grinte tought to Anyon with biok me down,\n\nMNYA WIC), AUSTRATION OF A SAMPAN. by a wild, the anals frate. Il for in the Katie theatre, which has been atenek unë do see the friends wunursened that meating will be see\n\ngifter boʻp thinking Katte the regen premuted i grank dual si túinn 14 weakhey the mamus pēcini Chay Agau, axrani, ploy. waz olmarged Tuin Lubrano, Society of Canton $6,100 jueve To sheedacta parmoor of the army to 15¢ Treta, 15% olardil ka suk lezh sgoi starter the suutition i sa the shenai mesiñe gå väsyabulčera ülves are in thermoirs, and I zazpot ezvecdingly that with berg in cuswiel petion of gains Taulers' Cucuruno Cuszany's SEAT- Inriana po deam that this graph of dwa 19 best by Me. Heuris\n\ngiven the Crown on ende naudition\n\nCAMPER & -rise theiz uzike i ouersze fonince which mak patically gone Relay be intends tooling inte\n\n$14 per abara Mobay aguroval. Wade manor of leases the master Joh fire se audit Patent Wondag afsmann las inmigte in que SAVED LEUS the mtupushin' tab 28 $2,000 vistas de avviser so long the many tom kritisi bien ager tu --¿ni, Est na part, grad uliarita Doe 12 Horn Resti tahang: Chions are zorgs fent qzdira» fi pra WOPE HO Meh 24, 16 ahoy, 25 hour after-vatls it who? Yanga: takuragar Amrint fou-128 750 Ft that the Gorerane who put an Bhan 1 od not only acting on the way the forsrities pats gandaren al trono protquity as I have à era 2015, fi ha tine has an autistry. The pubers of was made tot along life the wail th towerth Chius Lesarwasy-El 1911 per dra ferat fur ton pay of the cursor. did the roste, at i was wing in dampring ut veu excivic•• spesis condities whats were vialston by the ais garsut put hefur to sixing yi ve Me\n\ninstalar o friis Bars for the discusic WC, Neregation too wont be city in Chinas slug, was fad the Ki Wan wi jungamitin vifusal tàn panchina me kinlegu 2\n\nI nonsted a tigh an ad rope ries rodard gather, ispers or who id has he got the hosting runes Champang -- 1990 per share, micus of the Chaverque with mugact to the poure that the reina di un munt 19 saulriviet to get more an intern wil die by to feed on the site. Kg Cheyyained at Tang Long Chua,\n\nlat the Exptira. Now, to begin with nary in us to see the ancey was to be paid. As E cavortbekeskust 1. rebede binaries we formed in a fry tally. But fury ibaonde beardon and other plac\n\nHarpley Vice Tearance Voupery'e naro Finas, ideatons month's wagesansare satin Company's Stare→→ 200\n\ner here. dau. Iney mention that fie reg a wide assuard, two of the ramulines of the Cobiit. 1945, wad icartfans when the Cabane retinate in my biet night on Wiki Halia Sha plece there is aiment lord labour.\n\nlt in my hand...it is Enf the Jish is nuttes, ha friend Les right (311 Rygg Treat may they are with a year lielinist of, but it is hardy so this pigenta. A Jay hon. Criar as wat lawan budaya, Ilagued his old Plate in a do pur. This goes gemi of pile your time it was fall me bail to take fra kāņu vee-\n\nDr Hox. Me Chor, As it all Crisis. The heater to lich this inspired with a y la vicer Derailing to it and tall and over the nasty sit, ut alatut of 3 bank 3-mesell recall me abrent wallies, bras anys mean blican Feranceles E dit sag lats. The gastants are perils Me. Egri haid Mr. Na hry has got his is a altes in the two item was partly TELAMPUL M.0% YALOGERY. Charali Dek aripany-ur (norára?).\n\nThey by and) de All Euls was perff, and who sang outed any level.\n\nDe Karikh Theg attained the joblie pagers\" centers to face gardenias Thu var khe Executing and wider grouse d' gigs | inter eordnete uslove instilation sensotul\n\nhather sunry to pullen pering the rate is in line at if the weared of race avionics, than to weben, fully go into bus and we would as the time and three teal mydia tieners far as the City to the Joy. Now, the popsite mall No eder facing this thesewing clan that instant.\n\n*** were front of us at wretcon junghusgatina Domupaus-Tis. mat meeting short ficut and dance, I have uitution in namlinger thai 1Talk is entran, alig vary which lets with aged to the WING MARIN. Now, the Hapins, le Furius and M. Ang my nose made in the Coward stestion of the City Hall is made it Taanini –A's Hacullovere line, read vortjens së Pantianiae. Duijoms at 11a ameling at waren hatalm og hours vidaselbringe at the time, Pioner 2019 points out, persky a zmesiden eritte Cir is reallway would til hot lo duke labo tu ŝinaos Man, aut i\n\nPha by casting expersitas i rams of han did, which ten te and the tests the division took plway and mad pengesai lenne in che nicest taxy, M. ii Hino's my fat way it is a visit the wordby eling be bad paren\n\nto porta budding to her as a City to lacus with the Ouseetan ajaratha fost ittla stol of jualance in the dion pply of precise com, utista (be City Hall al, latin of the and same triail torfes majority of us, my hon. Feland was in the shape of user nulis in 2 gher ties & QUERIES, Harios regard to the decorumat ca la xevy--ttish it linkly, gue. Vi tar the property and dauelson of the eneziemohair Hopsiue, Vietas med Rařkanjee (in the Colony in win a cistiveŝión 26 rands which the Cite Hall gone was originally made; ulemast, afler what has passed today, the vote? in prisoner duabargod, and the ser ach is dead. Under · dusi pro voting against Kosen yriados. Nes betwest Chinase and Malinuall, and Arin Now T. And, referring and the auto. n the Gaternant la bu hesapla pubin wet the finques i actuaith me they are the trades, any bau. Inud Yr. Ryse.\n\nkud, fogonsh, it by rublish a passo matraci or a sinh vreg te dent thu maghty packs than to setarent wirk kara lakove, in the papers, of whics wil nie wat mitted by his bat ires end, for the into suster; puid fe greater be, as mejority, stille of fritt. that whether in te thela heilbar 2014 hare Tud vt riría pallic merding • fo Codicem se ajay's resin ett forish and a hig\n\nlegal interactatiow to be put by the sepotin. For Tribrary and on any, that they are being up, on read, thanped with de pered my huu, Friend Mr. Frasines action, with ei alajesty was peachately but say if patient the trova ales 20h wargarint deals sot rren ur Governants was the must als went to whs and pichont lettowns to dileeping a pics wered Kwai Ching, agad tastes was in factating us, like eager, drms to the and whinged wind Holi bared ofertatiou Treta Net Buteo mu to You Get. the person thus when the whole teagurile Coqzinal will de cars, zon, papers to spela sua cha) my hou. Front, was beside hit in lasers with swertes a day on bestelfing the low Half doent and wait in baza arquis of any nation. From the action de base ceart it appancs WHY ECOD. nd that he alize toplumeninostics of tain kad ne Cracnes's indong 630.routes for 153; i oruit ell Aference for this standing my Jestido shopsecipás of having the this nomlignity, îse what in Greetary of Stade Fthes tau virild won tricen ont by her aunt for a the City all for a long time, and he and Mitope Lane bald, with put to blen werk of this sides bave or given a file of the dark far, 12, 1 wit.cat distinction to say in his disure, of which boyfriend state, bilst at the aunt al pro frict de car Taleemalivu nad by fir Hinhard RE12- 1. the tation of the Privy. Po papers to which paneles per Majesty's rublote in this coling, mas é thuhet Me Bewick Westem Markest and\n\nfor a cat siderable garini. Now, want ¦ Construct inserrate to reby!! tabia y 'anit, fcrowd bad na opportuzity ! sweptat. I say tha qulation is preso ir Wietzki Kicks-Erat in vurssticu with thao,, sa se ducking poLLDİ NA Droneand safer wheat circumstances? His set of Enerpeun Lith estimateds, mas belong. Parika ärst 11162 11907, MA Aria! Para zmoc faith, a yelise it may be called straite COMELE\n\nperodus then its now the Mad gan fuith. Parikat it is a gasulica of gelosipis I am hot were far met joub Scout the war tius, was walkiay\n\nMy h\n\nthere. Share 1 povab\n\nWomen Laai, nenudin, and Pho kyk, a booty) Langhong, Quaten, and Kana Mesimbrat. Cole\n\nang par skuro premium,\n\nSANTO por shpen (wominali, The prisoner said he and boral the anand China Const Stean Narization Company--Ile.\n\nword en wand this boat wis\n\nat wisse be hired it., Jongtong Gas Company's Shoes-5 pmr The escond palconer said he picked oy that Ebare\n\nHongkong Hotal Company's Shar--98 par\n\npoliwral posing\n\n1 Sennaš pri. ·\n\n·legal induía, vatnik in Mestra. Turing: J'a gust det har tosa salì shown shɔ City Harities in Wes by Falni except “bas no. 1 auf Se minusai tlmub 1,999, heen zacnd-whather; wil te given for sas maanam, hemnes heroisier way Roc? P, to default úr pos impri-Caius Suey Robning Curosz. Limited-\n\njazled me mada kaolu tu nur dianliline ar \"extriona\n\n(not almu buludivad uz muski kishile.\n\nALLHORN SITE.\n\nCute Begar aing Campany (Webenturea)\n\nWong Akın and Cher Ano, zarried more.\n\nHUNTERONG TAMPERATURA\n\nwalk about six cielook on the muralty of the 8th\n\n&ia 920.\n\nCound the chill was gone. A Teleklayer, how\n\nBeri silmate in aligned to Me Austin, Colectial Serdars. He wil\n\nbe which won ma in Ribe \"fout the the sight wearing is ces policy, what of airius China abfente of a vingin print. But at the nutrita bestaan or the Frags Central anat Ja. Aust that hafas the Petí. malay pro khely covet it ought his parib for Mr. Majerly destaces that Fam vanderat tanen. I have bem baby adfere the pahie.\n\nthe Majsely to equal rlyžis lu Ibis part ca dej my hot. friend Mr. Ng Cleg was right in saying Emad the gate being shu maaruniarant of Huse of privitat ay aspon to any such bil The Itris. 1. Kes\n\nsilach, pes\n\nthe City Tale ale cums for getting a sound weekeyal actmunizsina and Fetal fndru tanu give i tu pogand, vot cut:any only, I am; alandy's karainions mth them fler Man-hat theyla masia it is a point ci penat toorts.com es Central Maskot, whya hes so two pri- Thus where is third gaustius, it is the last 1tle anitent. An I painted et ce, who were wok, leading int in factitation, so Ext so they can doubt, bet for etwas which Her Majets 10mm EE LOW Luth be 09 in Jufuli and RTE 50-ng wrecurte im of a „nees- ; aller who has just at thin souks of this, the misild's banda, and she was stung T\n\nlna prevention of a Crowa Celnay kwanza water world I think it drevesa, te coupy the the gostion of expedisser. Now, I observa lånat ja distinction of varionality. And alien the best. the old hermann Coum, auth parleg hold Na abge.\n\na por acauled with lio Queen's saving thorougkäy viższatand that you bass sout, has\n\nMasnim d Ibarge, may be halal 1\n\nJURY NEW skorši ie ci sparated an encaseandonleges of the Chevanoriuendad Score flash the peper stars as they Bestard for which may laid by tuja oonruiter of 200; subglos first hingeloon be statimeLigocina / Brirkiovur esperting bice was wron\n\n#bikinis case iter. The Walsalle en lagd floruer when boas separa i-tes are put u fm tally as reper; vf the evans at that weting, besing negara awli\n\nrolls to a grant iroņi tüm colony, Longkong long | Tas it to Said Mr. Esquide, and Mr. Petics, and Alone the comžikiaun katı vai bron viaktrā,¦ wearing the queaken yet, at I shim feed of Me. Kokkajan maarafareed to, is prbanose to the Taf Wenz mmple, Warchi\n\nSeber. 15%\n\n6.6.201\n\nBamandel oli Tokaday regi\n\nCao Amyrna, *ALLONES Y 99% Ilazerst\n\nSo.....\n\nbaplomberib.\n\n101-...\n\nCHINA COANT MEVROROLOGICAL\n\nJACONSEG\n\n12\n\nREGISTER.\n\ndini A\n\nHoga.\n\nMTANK\n\n***\n\nKy\n\nturn to Jr, Rounds, and he so beinet of the conditices irvaad by a Governor and fuąca: shear and valid Andres, and in rules are map. Ser her! is 1. 186 Easy thu 15. Jer #62 felgrote so wire nomresies.property of oto Tang Abing, aswriter, the Pornostar grly! PA)) $4.3 15.1 R2!\n\nWUTA\n\npart in\n\nwat)owing\n\natan Sets Tail in white sareipim with those aropen and Urines, this boy,low them to the Tunde Gonced, shu kid wil hundor of the hiszen, which are, it will training ma tamat banyo had. Now the itayatan do 1. sanghariali as she press elves the pups of diseasting the action leich des matury was at trait i chudu sat down on the suddette in\n\nwould seatud tank ikusion deter insolens asthanhief quits of the consorcida ir, neelave 0 nith the statuente mire the Cnted destice shop acute reformy price. We wry, that they quinyo tas ber bank\n\nAny y fretter. Bank pilsynets fuld thu eklid unt The haze Bro:\n\n• Must be fib, heeger, drift. Die!\n\nCerita dia sedan hon the\n\n*-jaatioman, and by Mr Porben\n\nbet mother, wwi ghoshall have riay ko sat. Tus razer with Yehog wire wire Site, which is wasting moldly.\n\n•SUR ACRILICIS HAS E TEM auding beacon the sumpta vi the gosti a exted thu li For Major me to fled the gul up and portug I wearing a bele day pobant finds to souble a bież po that sundlifen, mus ense affert,doortor die Bisbard Thung the the Issues eins, The sunding is raid to deny revizor an addres frah the Chinesstrand. The keyer she told a lakang sil In a Library fee by Wah, menaged or in cash edition be impayad ng the Commuterascos or these begli, doute discon le all the soulags, shepherpes of Fourkoglu that is the bed stan and heat, and they both bailonal a saduroy day tha Ananto a clone of the netractione I have read, here you as we then, the public, psy, have not say all chefonda at the kom, madlange, al griteten story tow\n\nthren, by were wetend, Ma ght Jalild to the community dr. Bare to out the Game of Thedalico in sy thin sully my it for infrey re the reizes 1 f the Chivers ruity paran, the sbild, and thi lakong thon and\n\nis strony on his all trupert greats of the cnsion of Chinese fits the City itali, they are pors of this ming to the beating of the fur thus steps of zen Charuchy tomake of the fun riavar colatinus desean parts of Tractpen birthdod as fima do visit the bin corpin Leurs zvestiar the most important were nok hargitjada i la fog. The non pents theve vot of Unregnant birth or dawrent tu sbyxlag any other nationality. 198 Engrosh avs cia be mentine; odvrsive, fun muere of the dis. Swan was the inner of tires by whom that cons\n\nTUR ALLASED MUNDESIR MINY That suite implanter 1, a 23 long, tbré, ndeed, the pedicum are to get olded inringesin way and fer rays in a want catering plains at ausder the Gance. Fl Clines) du dyung, ausartani, approved, cu prind, cumque presente sa ne pu\n\nbaise the Chit City Mall Cacation, wrote a letter which a bar persone Cover how he is to wodas las portes by far whose pile we have trudard wil niet-The Tabu, Chiusse\n\nChernor desired to statebuyer wis mazilyan or 51,803 becu mucatly, with the other papere, befure over with respect to the Wures a man be apporti, de rhe row are paid to who is Pied Bev manus you shuast the king no disuction straf vationality.\n\nthe cowplainneren of Wind the City Hall Concil. the bafeen the Chant. gira hay v do I am about Queen Vesarin's infinity, boils wiring and Earques da\n\nIstal row place? Perisur Mr. Hoppšie 1937 sar. \"Lat? be in ureets with the engattomalts it ing! Chitwas auil tangered kanad÷dge of this versara public meBoy was catei, Far horaste its ceived the mid Feite plansla 60 what the Corviste waremtood, TEAGUE zbriter-panz vesz ke iznenardante! perands the title-led ai +1= property, it is a prere (209990 begetal Fuori z\n\nSee isely! Utirris and foreigners, bet file i\n\ndectwded, 13-py won uns allied to the Father romandel il Wednesday next at the 1. with fees to she advisɔn of Lile ambile; with the Sighs apkin Farben, in sicer saliency caut. it again zu erary relativas allar vidar una faseibo Wa Single proper in making that MS APT THE sidloveandag, grafts of sample polar restante si lay to see a man war it was abfamily decies by case voweydutal to imperfly wipe that it the ind\n\nHished Marbonnels wi\n\narı günque prilburt aran dotibel as in greitadinonthoing as of the saprint the the chemcing, and these chirase susjonaty of ham o'shack. pennial frenzy, which no pas in gain think wait to glade i Grind. It wat tertia en licht heuld be stres at the winding how it was the use of The questing in quation wie wit to by se ou pe bad bush previo on to be A draracteristic «uacfałe is to tell of Chern. Ate Leary to be rutbed by the al of Her Majesty' shot as book of zesian arte susite 15\n\nthat it was cry haters the Queen I was laid before the Quesa, jeje, dhe race, zealace of the rifle of en lommal terms, ap, i7 60, an M47\n\nFury entwertrine so be recovery to enaldo segi atractions, Ting wh not like katmendors of list had 1 wenid santo with rogari la them veren settlement? Wat was the spared uribols? censoren pilo. Kocniky, đã lugter use \"277%, nessans at ti a rod beverentiation of uns werk of of City - brumeriquely president of the Tinji Peter Wil, ny kon with Associated arataiken-bang, seven be szagad article was the articis which proporvi bezowice. A po 1 Molution charging the fe coghing and during il 16 two act. whish dantly Pig Lead was the Chairaus of the City Lini: Con- before that commiflar bear by the consider the repation, dy the grain of Benson of the aniony with mine lezimy was ouch appleded by the public, La Lad kapi tasi Mobiaian, where why if Mer wübleari\n\n...te naudot say that that it is unk, tlovkrantenatal. De Compatike duly sunadiared¦ quod fascia. Prevelike, inayosan, dan Committe to Wool To im Chiu rimtasi proprianou la giuntur slunce. This third so f 11 godoy GT AT reporterà trece pan panca. 5. Askotations as the mosul J• few to sit the world? zerely the question of tiba Beteramy nating, and starbed po treat such weight as ting considered this question, beaving out the on. Pip ses caution was awed by fli. Perors, wantsily tour¦ayi, qui a certain presage repac alg\n\npartout feuerlore of 91 24 to be allomat, la ancoran sich the law, with the coach-thogent the minutes omarmed to by Yome 63. Senden Plotleg kyny were requlug gel and what did say? That there we wemed to chand blanket oft lite speciaria o delu 128 a fight to\n\nthe alley died Tigay gu\n\ndi tirune who nhienon the fonts. Well or sny bar any oh-nge is the bar and police then the aid meeden, to the maminkomaat of bis 18-201 kaple of the Wh 9 Dutcher, f\n\nSMC Cleary, That is dured Be Ontran and Site only gu What about a vatermace jam mu nesto vractical mer ven for a tine, graissat by sa doseman wzali ke in much | the only revity dete.nl puixes. And Mr. ; ceviky like blust dnu fucked cus of them. “I\n\nf the City Plan L'acato, title, the serie Sermons of Wise What Doest dati je le arconlucre with the best the war festion than the salties were atrunjen propuned the shied cantation in obald dare leaght it wwa one of imponeret wide hondes Comictal\n\nLady STATES OF The pale Way it buy buen zmesed by the Chrystals is a\n\nverbeza provokings in napest of the exter'tine, izgored thin anzeznu, with gaveita moïveté, \" don' Back in den bag baina er niveis fel, miley. I don's believe that to the dielny of. There is a regolation for sunkiag einseite Chas the prestigue impeding, wing, po wali fails. That es day in 1978. Whether so tune if I did vol explapl it he might! Raja - Cargar mai dat die previene il le mu je zelo but sinar bever hea. Italien, been pay tinaght of Hongkong any hole of grilema;. Locher they tinc asafol As în fun Belowaty, Shade la ang in deurial distety na which to found a jądgment: inatamente af de tinge trord right or wrong-- Faibly eat it ou\n\nperlinge\n\nMulder.\n\nple, where to be tha matekoligny P $trings Soid go ự his prekerswad tiká reṣait was su albamution it the cales sal the patio. it her by hake the matrial regulations of the Lobocy, and that Rogging i trimu·la, was son to sprytead heartily. Thyon :\n\n6. Maste\n\nWeiber\n\nChepanekens, Paint-bat degrees and init, kept as lon\n\n1. shade\n\nof Mr. Reinis sevī tu♬ ärved Mr. Byrie.\n\nthat were suggesting of the Secrets of Bide, and the nanofonizettistite ice of event.\n\ngedal. Passes in ¦ when King Ware Bullet open zu denk with:\n\nTerave the spell file and in pred us what he culled the Ocultast : the whole para.\" Yon illot,\" and info na sred\n\nindia be",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-190 - Governor Hennessy - 1880 [10-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 307602,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-191 - Public Offices & Others - 1880",
        "page_number": 180,
        "title": "CO129-191 - Public Offices & Others - 1880",
        "content_text": "8\n\nhad examined the Spanish Treaties and Cedulas, but could find nothing therein to bar the Spanish Government of the right, to which he apprehended it was otherwise entitled, of reclaiming its own subjects when found in a Spanish port as passengers on board vessels hired to carry the mails between this country and the Peninsula.\n\nHe alluded to the Xth, XIth, XIIIth, and XIVth Articles of the Treaty of 1667, but expressed his opinion that these clauses were not sufficient to debar the Spanish Government of the above-mentioned right.\n\n37\n\nTreaty with Spain.\n\nCase of the mail-packet \"Pasha\" at Vigo.\n\nlu Admiralty Letter; March 9, 1844.\n\nThe British Minister at Lisbon had, however, in the meantime instructed the Admiralty Agent of the \"Pasha\" to keep that vessel under weigh when it arrived in the Bay of Vigo, in order that the question might not be brought to an issue by either resistance or surrender; and these directions were March 18, 1844, pronounced by the Queen's Advocate to be judicious.\n\nupon\n\nCase of the \"Lady M. Wood\" at Lisbon.\n\nNo further correspondence passed on that subject, but another question of a similar kind arose at Lisbon in the following month. The local police called the Commander of the Peninsular contract steamer \"Lady M. Wood\" to give up a Portuguese subject who had embarked on board that vessel at Vigo, and against whom a warrant had been issued by the Portuguese authorities; the Commander of the contract steamer declined to surrender the man, and the Admiralty applied to Admiralty; this Office for instructions upon the subject, when Lord Aberdeen replied that his views with regard to a similar question raised by the Admiralty Agent on board the Peninsular hired vessel \"Pasha\" had been expressed in a previous letter, and that he was of opinion that the rule there laid down with regard\n\nto Spaniards who might be passengers in the mail-steamers was equally applicable to Portuguese subjects; whereupon the contractors of the Peninsular April 6, 1844. Line issued orders to the Commanders of their vessels in conformity with Lord Aberdeen's wishes, and the Admiralty Agents were instructed accordingly.\n\nOn the 9th March, 1865, Consul Wilthew reported that Arica and Tacna had pronounced in favour of a Revolution which had then broken\n\nCase of the mail-steamer \"Bogota\" at Islay.\n\nConsul Wilthew, No. 32;\n\nMarch 28, 1865.\n\nNo. ; March 9, 1865. No. 5; March 20, 1865.\n\nTo Queen's Advocate;\n\nMay 1, 1865,\n\nQueen's Advocate;\n\nMay 4, 1865. No. 3; May 9, 1865.\n\n9\n\nout in Peru, and on the 20th of the same month he\n\nannounced the arrival at Islay of the mail-steamer \"Bogota,\" having on board the Prefect of Tacna, the Captain of the Port of Arica, and other officers on their way to Lima, who had remained faithful to the Government.\n\nMr. Wilthew stated that there was also another officer on board, on his way to Arequipa, who had joined the revolutionary party, and that, shortly before the bringing up of the steamer at her moorings at Islay, the Prefect and others forcibly carried this Revolutionary Officer into a cabin, and placed a guard over him in order to prevent his landing. The Officer, however, succeeded in attracting the attention of the Captain of the steamer, and claimed his protection, but he declined interfering until he had consulted the British Consul. He accordingly repaired to the Consulate, and in answer to his application, was informed by Mr. Wilthew that, in his opinion, the officers in question had no right whatever to detain the other officer, who was merely a passenger as they themselves were: that he had a perfect right to land whenever it suited him, and that the Prefect and his party had no kind of jurisdiction on board the mail-packet. On returning to his ship the Captain at once ordered the release of the Officer, who went on shore, and shortly afterwards proceeded on his way to Arequipa.\n\nThe Captain accounted for his indecision, when called upon to protect the Officer in question, by saying that he was in doubt how to act, owing to the Officer having been detained by a Government authority. In reporting the case home, Consul Wilthew asked for instructions for his guidance under similar circumstances in future, and upon the advice of the Queen's Advocate, to whom the question was referred, he was told that Her Majesty's Government approved the course which he had pursued on that occasion, but that he was to exercise a careful discretion in all cases of a similar description; that he was not to claim upon principle for British Merchant-vessels in Peruvian ports a right of exemption from the jurisdiction of local authorities; but that he might properly remonstrate against the exercise of any such authority as a breach of usage and comity, except in very extreme cases.\n\nWith regard to Mail-Steamers, Mr. Wilthew was\n\n177\n\nPage 180\n\nPage 181",
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    {
        "id": 322805,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-211 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [8-9]",
        "page_number": 162,
        "title": "CO129-211 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [8-9]",
        "content_text": "(12)\n\n(13)\n\nB.\n\nForm from Vol. 12 of \"Ka-lai-tai-tsün\" or \"Complete Set of Domestic Kites.\"\n\nLETTER OF INSTRUCTIONS REFERRING TO AN ADOPTED SON.\n\nmakes this document with a view to giving instructions to an adopted son who is to continue the family line. Being wanting in good deeds and virtuous acts, I, the said have had no children born to me. In consideration of what an important thing it is to have an heir, I have this day of moon convened a meeting of my nearest relatives to discuss the question of adopting a son, and the said nearest relatives having declined to give any of their sons, although they have several, to be adopted, it is resolved to select a son of a clansman of the same degree of seniority (as myself.) introduces and recommends the second son of and aged nearest relatives me family named years. He belongs to the same clan, and is of a suitable descent. Moreover and his wife have several sons, and they and their are all agreeable to being adopted by as my son and successor. I have, this day, paid dollars to and wife to be taken home by them as compensation for their trouble of nursing and rearing the boy. This letter of instructions is this day executed, and signed by all (present). After has come over to my house, and when he arrives at manhood, with me will rest the power of marrying him, so that he may beget offspring by which I may have prosperous descendants. This will be no concern of In proof thereof, this deed is executed.\n\nDated...\n\nSigned The person making this letter of instructions.\n\nSigned Nearest relatives.\n\nSigned Go-between.\n\nSigned Witness to the adoption.\n\nSigned Father giving his son in adoption.\n\nSigned Mother.\n\nSigned First son of parents giving son in adoption.\n\nthings of the like in respect of the boy. If anything unforeseen happens to the boy, it will be held to be the will of heaven, and no one can gainsay these words. Further, if there should be anything doubtful about the boy's antecedents, this must be cleared up satisfactorily by the vendors and go-between: it is no concern of the buyer. Lest there is no proof of this bargain, this deed of permanent sale of the boy is executed, and handed to Mr. C in evidence thereof.\n\nReceived from Mr. C the sum of dollars as nursing money.\n\n(Signed) B go-between Mrs. B\n\nWitness. A Mrs. A (Finger mark).\n\nDated day moon year.\n\nD.\n\nCopy of the Bill of Sale where the Kaulung Druggist bought a boy who was decoyed from Canton—See page 33 of Blue-book C. 3185 of 1882.\n\nTRANSLATION.\n\nAn absolute deed of gift of a male child aged 18 years is executed by Li-pin, a native of Ko lu. In consequence of want of maintenance, I at first offered (the child) to my nearest relatives to bring (him) up, which offer, however, was not accepted. Through the introduction of a go-between {I was introduced) to one Lau-pak-cheung, who agreed to rear (the child) and to adopt (him) as (his) nephew. This day $28 at 7.1 as ginger money (compensation) is paid over to Li-pin, who has received it with his own hand for his family expenses, and Lau-pak-cheung will bring him up and use him (as a nephew). On (the child) being handed over there can for ever be no claim whatever.\n\nThere is no compulsion or extortion between both parties. For fear of oral words not being sufficient evidence, (this) deed is therefore executed, and is to be retained (by him or her) as proof hereof.\n\nWitnesses to payment,\n\nWONG SHI CHAN SHI Finger marks. KWAN SHI\n\nThe boy's age is 13 years, born at 10 A.M. on the 16th day of the 8th month. Dated 24th day of the 2nd moon in the Ki Mo 5th year of Kwong Sü (i.e., 16th March, 1879).\n\nC.\n\nFurnished by the Chairman of Directors of the Tung-wa Hospital, Hong Kong—\n\nMr. Li Tak-cheong—July, 1883,\n\nFORM OF DEED OF SALE OF A SON INTO ADOPTION.\n\nand they demanded the sum of of Village in on the District, the parties executing this deed of permanent sale of a son, being unable to support themselves on account of poverty, and having many children, consulted together, and willingly invited people to purchase their (4th) son as an adopted son. The boy is years of age, having been born in day of the moon, and is named (or is not yet named), dollars as nursing money (or ginger and cake money). He (the boy) was, through the agency of the go-between B, introduced to the family of Mr. C, who expressed his willingness to buy him as an adopted son, and consented to pay the full demand dollars as nursing-money (or ginger and cake money). The bargain, which was settled in the presence of the three parties (A, B, & C), and agreed to by both parties, was satisfactorily made on this date in the presence of all. This is a clear case of purchase and sale, and is not a case of giving the boy as a set-off against debts. After the boy is once sold, Mr. C is permitted to bring him up to manhood, and give him a name. He must remain as Mr. C's adopted son for ever, and when he is grown-up, Mr. C is likewise at liberty to engage a teacher to teach him. If in future, he attains to fame or becomes illustrious, takes a wife or concubine, and has children and grandchildren, all these concern Mr. C's family. May he follow his (adopted) father's trade, and have a never-ending line of descendants! May he henceforth have a numerous progeny and everlastingly enjoy prosperity! Hereafter, the vendors cannot go back on their word, or redeem the boy, who is for ever prevented from taking back his own father's surname. The purchaser, however, is not allowed to make the boy a slave, or to re-sell him to another person, or to do other\n\nE.\n\nForm from Vol. 12 of the \"Ka-lai-tai-tsün\" or \"Complete Set of Domestic Bites.\"\n\nDEED OF SALE OF A SERVANT.\n\nand wife of a daughter, have a daughter named been born at hour of day of the parties executing this deed of sale who is at present years of age, having moon. She has not yet been betrothed to any one. Being poor, and finding it hard to earn our livelihood, and wishing to sell our daughter we have been introduced, through the agency of the go-between who undertakes to purchase her. The price, which is dollars, has been paid to us this day, and will be taken to our home to meet our wants. On the same day, the daughter will go over to the house (of the purchaser), who will be at liberty to change her name, use her as a servant, and to betroth her when she is grown-up. If she should abscond, we the said to will co-operate (with the purchaser) in making search for her, and deliver her back (to the purchaser if found). If anything unforeseen should happen to her, such will be held to be the will of Heaven. This is agreed to by both parties. The sum given above is the exact amount paid. This is not a case of giving her up as a set-off against a debt. In future, we cannot avail of any pretext to go back on our words, or redeem her. As a proof (of the transaction), this deed of sale is executed, and handed over (to the purchaser).\n\nDated.\n\nSigned The party executing this deed of sale of a daughter.\n\nSigned Witness to payment and go-between.\n\nSigned Wife who has taken part in the sale and received the money.\n\n157",
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    {
        "id": 331652,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-228 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 126,
        "title": "CO129-228 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "The China Mail.\n\nHONGKONG, THURSDAY, JULY 1, 1886.\n\nCRIME IN KWANTUNG. The following translation of a memorial which appeared in the Peking Gazette on the 28th March is taken from the N.-C. D. News. It will be seen that the memorialists consider that the adjoining city of Kowloon is a head centre of the Secret Societies, and that Hongkong is made a refuge of the criminal classes of Canton and neighbourhood. If the statement regarding the secret societies be true, there can be little wonder that there are so many members of them in Hongkong, nor is it wonderful that our Colony has been infested of late by so many of the criminal classes. Rather is it to be wondered at that there has been so little serious crime here. This result is no doubt due to the activity and efficiency of the Police.\n\nA joint Memorial from the Governor General and Governor at Canton, calling attention to the growing danger that exists in that province in the increase of the criminal classes, the extirpation of the most prominent members of which they propose to compass by an organised system of search.\n\nThey commence with the assertion that the bad characters who are a pest to the country may be divided into three classes: one, highwaymen or burglars; two, members of secret societies; three, fighting men. The first class rob and plunder, the second form into seditious factions, and the third commit acts of arson and murder; and all three come under the general term \"fei\" or criminal class. When the members of a secret society become numerous, they take to brigandage; when highwaymen flourish, they join in faction fights; and when faction fights continue for any length of time, the whole of the three classes above described join in, to the immense injury of the agricultural and mercantile class and the subversion of law and order. Brigandage or highway robbery is specially rampant in the littoral district of the Canton Prefecture, the riverine Districts of the Chao Ching and Shao-chou Prefectures, and the coasts of Lien-chow Fu and Ch'iung-chow Fu in Hainan.\n\nThe secret societies prevail most in Hui-chou Fu and the Kowloon Township, adjoining Hongkong, and are gradually spreading over the Kao-chou and Lien-chou Prefectures, while faction fights are specially prevalent in the three Prefectures of Hui-chou, Ch'ao-chou (Swatow), and Canton, Lien-chou and Ch'iung-chou coming next in the list. The criminal classes of Canton, Hui-chou, and Ch'ao-chou find a harbourage in Hongkong and Macao, those of Lien-chou and Ch'iung-chou taking refuge in Annam.\n\nIt should be observed that previous to the reign Tung Chih, the Swatow Prefecture bore the worst reputation for unmanageableness, arson, and internecine feuds, the country being devastated to such an extent that the commercial classes were sorely straitened. Payment of taxes was resisted, and so little was authority respected that the country was in a semi-barbarous state. In the year 1868, Jui-lin, who was then Governor-General, after reference to the Throne, deputed Fang Yao, who was acting at the time as General of the Ch'ao-chou Division, to make a raid upon the disaffected classes, and that officer, supported by a military force, made an inquisitorial tour through all the rebellious districts, disposing of the long list of arrears of criminal cases that had accumulated. In the course of this tour, he seized and executed over eleven hundred prominent criminals, to the great satisfaction of the people, and for the past ten years and more, the Ch'ao-chou Prefecture has enjoyed tranquillity. Similar expeditions were taken against local rebels or faction fighters in the Shao-chou and Canton Prefectures in 1871; in 1873 against the remnants of the great rebellion, who had established themselves in Kao-chou and Lien-chou on the borders of Kuangtung and Kuangsi, and in 1877 against the Hui-chou rebels. These expeditions had in every instance a wholesome effect, but the measures taken were not sufficiently drastic, so that on the withdrawal of the troops, secret societies were again formed, and robberies and faction fights continued to take place as usual.\n\nDuring the last few years, the question of coast defence has occupied attention to the exclusion of the interior, and in 1882 and 1884 risings occurred at Lei-po in Kao-chou Fu and Nion-shan in Hui-chou Fu respectively. In both instances, the measures adopted were not radical. Added to this, vagrant irregular soldiers who had been disbanded, pirates, salt smugglers, members of secret societies, pugnacious villagers, and aggressive clans banded together and mutually incited or assisted one another, thus increasing materially the criminal classes above categorised, with the result that murders from motives of revenge occur with increasing frequency, and fights are waged with fire and sword, scores of villages and towns becoming involved in them, and scores of cases of pillage and robbery occurring month by month. The more powerful clans tyrannise over the weaker at will, and resistance to official authority is a matter of ordinary occurrence, the evil being beyond the power of proclamation or despatch to put a stop to, or of local authorities or police to cope with. If the present opportunity be not seized, when there is a slight relaxation from the occupation of war, to make inquisitorial tours, backed by a sufficient armed force, at the discretion of the high authorities, in the course of which the good may be separated from the bad, and the power of the military arm be displayed with a view to compelling the surrender of criminals and arms, and the wholesale punishment of vice, there is every reason to apprehend endless disaster in the future. Harbourers of bad characters should also be punished with severity, while restraint should be exercised by means of Treaty provisions, which should be conned and strictly enforced, exhortation being applied at the same time.\n\nThe opinions above expressed by the Memorialists are fully shared, it may be stated, by Fêng Tzŭ-ts'ai, commander-in-chief of Kuangsi, Admiral Fang Yao, and Chêng Shao-chung, Acting Commander-in-chief (of Kuangtung), and it is now proposed to institute a thorough search through all the notoriously disaffected districts of the Canton provinces with a view to clearing them of the three classes of criminals above described. This scrutiny will be conducted in three different directions; one line will embrace the Hui-chou and Ch'ao-chou Prefectures; another the Canton Prefecture, and a third the Lien-chou Prefecture. The two Districts of Hai-fêng and Lu-fêng in the Hui-chou Prefecture, as bearing the worst reputation, will be dealt with first, and will be entrusted to the sole management of Fang-yao. The Ch'ao-chou expedition will be entrusted to Chêng Shao-chung, and the Canton Prefecture will be attended to by Chêng An-pang, Acting Colonel of the Canton regiment, acting under the Memorialists' orders.\n\nAfter explaining in considerable detail the system upon which these expeditions will work, the Memorialists conclude with a promise of a report to the Throne upon the progress that is made.\n\nBy a Rescript appended to the Decree, the proposed arrangements are sanctioned.\n\nPage 124",
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        "id": 347017,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-252 - Acting Governor Barker & Governor Sir Robinson & Public Offices - 1891 [12]",
        "page_number": 33,
        "title": "CO129-252 - Acting Governor Barker & Governor Sir Robinson & Public Offices - 1891 [12]",
        "content_text": "## Examination Continued\n\n\"Next Japan mail?\" So before I had time to change my mind for the 20th time, I found myself a passenger on the _Miyako Maru_ for Tls. 30. We had a splendid trip, and I feel wonderfully better for it, and shall stop here for the next two mails, and if my uncle doesn't turn up, leave for Kobe alone. There are a nice lot of fellows in the Customs here, also found Mr. McLeavy Brown very kind. I will write again from Japan and remain, Yours truly, \"C. W. Mason.\"\n\nExamination continued-The second letter had under the signature cypher figures which were intended to give the date of accused's arrival in Chiakiang. At the top of the first page were two lines in cypher in pencil, which read, \"Arrive Friday night; follow instructions; everything as arranged.\" I had promised accused to enter into the conspiracy with him, after refusing on two distinct occasions. I thought that, had I refused, accused would have carried out his plans unknown to me, and that it was necessary I should know what he proposed to do, in order to keep the Commissioner of Customs informed. Before I agreed to join him, I told the Commissioner about it. At first, I thought accused was in earnest, but I was afterwards persuaded by Mr. Brazier and Mr. Rickman that he would never carry out his plans. I had a reason to believe that he had abandoned them, though his first letter from Hongkong gave me the impression that he had, because he announced that he was going from Hongkong to Japan. Mr. Brazier never thought that accused's intentions were serious. After accused's return from Hongkong, I was handed by Mr. Rickman a memorandum book which had belonged to accused. It contained writing in cypher, which I was asked to translate. I have made a translation of portions which were in cypher, and produce a copy of the translation.\n\n| Item | Instruction |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | Bell all furniture except bad. Leave with Croskey. Take Consular register and bank receipts. |\n| (2) | Take baggage down with me; store in Customs godown. |\n| (3) | Take to Hotel des Colonies. Visit sailors' places in missionary disguise and win over men. Arrange receipt of letters. Wire A. to lend £500 at Hongkong. Call, Bredon and Ready. Buy two ponies for Croskey. Find Gutzeit re coal steamers from Japan. Name his own price, Gutzeit, see pilots; take one down to Hongkong. |\n| (4) | I give arms. Croskey, ammunition, revolvers, and entlasses to 30 men (50 rounds for yamien and 10 foreigners with rifles only). |\n| (5) | Officers and instructions. Balts. 100 rounds. Seize Taotai and let none go out. Set writers to work copying proclamation. Practice revolvers in court. Hold against all attacks. Send specimen proclamation Y. T. C. H. immediately. Despatch Taotai's card men, two chairs, for Wong, Lin, Tau, Loh. |\n| (6) | Five cutlasses. 5 revolvers, 20 rounds, under Croskey, to telegraph. First wire re cholera, Shanghai and Wuhu. S. and W. All steamers not to touch. Disconnect all lines. Yang Chiu's headmen (4 and 5). Two sea-dogs with revolvers and cutlasses. Croskey return, bring operator along and leave three Chinese in charge to receive all papers and acknowledge. Chinese to let no one out. Send rations and men in morning. One man to guide Croskey back to ... S. N. Co. See Morris and then come to camp. After finish send message to telegraph and Morris on Kan-lu-ssu. |\n| (9) | Croskey despatches batches of 5, guard goods and canal. Two armed men with revolvers send boat load over to seize launches and send for Kwaohow to send back all but two gigs; lie Bund. Release passengers (unmolested). Distribute proclamations on Bund. |\n\nExamination continued-I understand in a measure what I was expected to do in accordance with this plan of campaign. I was told by accused that on his return, he would give me five or six men with whom I was to go to the telegraph office and disconnect the wires, after which I was to bring the operator to the China Merchants' jetty. I was afterwards to go to Silver Island and take possession of the forts. I spoke to Mr. Brazier the day after Mason first spoke to me. I did not agree to join him until a short time before his departure. I did not carry out his instructions, and acted in every way in opposition to the conspiracy, if it may be so called.\n\nAccused put no questions.\n\nRobert Edward Bredon deposed-I am a British subject and Commissioner of the I. M. Customs at Shanghai. I first saw the accused on the morning of 12th September at my office. A letter addressed to me was handed in at the same time as accused was announced. I produce the letter, which is as follows:\n\n**Private**\n\nSteamer Chiyuen, Shanghai, 12th September, 1891.\n\nSir,\n\nI am C.W. Mason, fourth Assistant A, transferred from Chiakiang to Peking with six weeks' leave. Shortly before I left Chinkiang (end of August), I was put in the way of discovering a very serious conspiracy of the Ko Lao Secret Society. I reported the matter to Mr. Acting Commissioner J.R. Brazier at the time. Although he made light of the importance of it, I employed my first fortnight of leave in following it up, and now I have to report that a quantity of arms and ammunition—viz: G. & Co. 35 packages shovels and steel-has arrived by this vessel from Hongkong en route for Chinkiang.\n\nMy object in giving this information is not to ask you to seize it here, but to allow it to go on, as applied for, to Chinkiang. I have certain information that if it is seized here, it will precipitate an immediate rise at all the ports, and the seizure of Customs moneys. If no suspicion is shown, the arms will be landed and stored at Chinkiang. The movement will not be carried out for some weeks, and we shall be able to track the contraband to its storing place, seize all previous stores, and have sure evidence by which to secure and convict the ringleaders and crush the revolt. I can scarcely dwell sufficiently on the importance of allowing the goods to go quietly forward, and letting them be applied for in the usual way at Chinkiang. The Society have their agents both on the steamers and in the yamên; so for a guard, none of the soldiers could be trusted. But as if I am suspected of treachery, my life will be in danger, I should be obliged if one or a couple of officers could be sent with me. I need scarcely say that the whole matter from beginning to end will be laid before the Inspector-General in a memorandum from me.\n\nI remain, etc., etc.,\n\n(Signed) C.W. Mason.\n\n**Nota-Bill of Lading produced by Mr. Mason:**\n\n\"China Merchants S. N. Company. Bill of Lading-Hongkong No. 84, dated 7th September. Chiyuen—G. & Co., 8 packages shovels. 27 packages steel. 35 packages only-Shipper Wing Shung. Consignee bearer, piculs 39.30 at 15 cents per picul=$5.90.\"\n\nI asked him some questions on the subject of the letter, and he repeated his request that the arms should go on to Chinkiang. I did not agree to this; in fact, the arms were in process of being seized at the time. I gathered from his remarks that he knew we were looking for the arms. He told me that he was at that time under orders to go to Peking at the expiry of his leave. I told him the best thing he could do would be to go to Peking at once, to drop the conspiracy and not return to Chinkiang. I added that he should go to Peking and lay the whole matter before the Inspector-General. I asked him to call again that afternoon and to dine with me at the Club in the evening. He did not come back in the afternoon but came to dinner. He said he had received a threatening notice just after he left my office in the morning, to the effect that if he did not proceed to Chinkiang at once, he would not leave Shanghai alive. He also said he had sent me a note explaining the circumstances of his not coming. I told him that up to then I had not received it. At dinner, we discussed the question, and I advised him that in spite of the notice, he still ought not to go to Chinkiang, and that he could get on board the _Fungshun_ just before she started that night. He gave me to understand that he would act on my advice, and I left the Club under the impression that he was going by the _Fungshun_. This was on Saturday night. On Monday morning, September 14th, I received the letter which accused said he sent me on Saturday afternoon.\n\n\"Hotel des Colonies, Shanghai, 12th September, 1891.\n\nDear Mr. Bredon,-A second warning has frightened me: I can't risk not going to Chinkiang. I shall leave by _Fuhwo_, tell Rickman I have come to fetch my thick clothes, and use my utmost endeavours to prevent a rising and obtain sufficient information to show some palpable result to the I.G. I shall be back in time to catch the next Tientsin steamer.\n\nMeanwhile, I may say that there are 25,000 more cartridges to follow from Hongkong, which I believe will be packed 500 to 1,000 in bales of sugar: probably they will change the mark. The only likelihood of finding them would be if there was a small lot of 25 or 50 packages.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-252 - Acting Governor Barker & Governor Sir Robinson & Public Offices - 1891 [12].txt",
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        "id": 350948,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-257 - Public Offices & Others - 1892",
        "page_number": 616,
        "title": "CO129-257 - Public Offices & Others - 1892",
        "content_text": "609\n\npast 4 years, and on\n\nhe\n\nAVLA\n\nC\n\nhis\n\nway\n\nthrough Par\n\nlaken ill and went into the hospital; that he had only just retired from Par and that his things\n\nwere at London Bridge as he was unable to obtain them.\n\nthe\n\nand oft expenses; that be\n\nwas\n\nfor\n\niva\n\nleaving Liverpool the\n\nfollowing day by the Clan Line Steamer Machi\n\nMoney\n\nLu\n\n! \n\nand without the\n\nhe could not obtain things and would have to go as\n\nhe stood, fact he was\n\nperfectly penniless; that his Father had told him to call upon me in case of need, as I represented Wshory England, and he asked for the loan of £5\n\nMr Burns asked him what\n\nmentioned £3.\n\nAA DO\n\nthe low\n\nsum he could possibly do with, and be\n\nIt was\n\narranged that again in the afternoon,\n\nshould call\n\nwho was si\n\nZJALAM\n\nelt Burns was to see at David of Singapo staying at the Holborn Viaduct Hotel with the view of identifying M Vallange Muncherjee, David in consequence of his being away from\n\nthe Hotel.\n\nbut be\n\nwas unable to see\n\nwww-\n\nthing to do and would\n\nremove any doubt about the matter, and he had been to the Colonial Office and obtained the letter. Upon the production of this letter M. Buvuus advanced fun the sum of £3 and took his receipt and undertaking to return same on\n\nhis arrival at Singapore.\n\nThis receipt and undertaking was left with the official at the Colonial Office last Saturday.\n\nas well as the litter in question -\n\nWhen I\n\nreturned to Town I heard\n\nLondon, and I\n\nthat Mr E. J. Khory\n\nwas in London, took the earliest opportunity of informing\n\nhen\n\nof\n\nthe transaction, but when el Khory called here he said there must be some\n\nand that he could not recollect that\n\nsuch\n\nwrong,\n\nhe had signed something\n\nad AVAJ\n\nreferred\n\nenquiries\n\n1\n\nto in the letter, and I arranged that should be made at the Colonial office.\n\nI\n\nau,\n\nLord,\n\nYour Lordship's obedient Servant\n\nGAM. Syre\n\nLater in the day elt. Pallong\n\nThe Right Hon: Lord Knutsford,\n\nalimcherjee called again and brought with him the letter before referred to, and stated that as Mr Burns questioned his identity the morning he thought that was the best\n\nColonial Office\n\nWhitehall Sun\n\n*",
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        "id": 363014,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-275 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [1-5]",
        "page_number": 530,
        "title": "CO129-275 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [1-5]",
        "content_text": "ant and bis witnesses and to wat\n\ntary evidence. The administration of justics quem in China is notoriously corrupt, and the ease\n\ncused that anything be states ma\n\nזי\n\n\"Pavs yanaf PRELD Eng no Yudaq RINKYJĻA Sopwith which documents purporting to be against him on the trial at the Buros day of egissed of snow »fficial may be forged is also well known.\n\nquo ng maan os from sea to “seppu, gg p\n\n*KATTHI\n\nCourt, bat the Magistrate cannot\n\nMarosets. to any decisio evidence or come whether the defence is good or nå) decision in MULLER's case is to be folly evidence of au alibi can be even by the Magistrate bere.\" The int\n\nwill in of Government of the\n\nbe declared when the\n\ncourse\n\nis considered that the duty of\n\n--frm all DÂȚariaí authorities I have talked to\n\nThe Daily\n\nPress.\n\nTHE CHINESE EXTRADITION BILE.\n\nAfter very\n\nMembers\n\ni add more than a word or two. The Bill points I have not heard a single suspicion that since out what crimes ar included ander the treaties, that case-I don't say that case, because I did and it simplifies the procedure. The crimes not know of it, but I mean for the last ten years, with one exce tion are the same as in the Ex-tradition Acts of 1870 and 1873 in England, and aude rtainly with regard to those given up in the whole Bill seems to have been framed upon my time, there has been no suspicion that they\n\nI do not propose to take up the great attention to\n\nwore wanted for political purposes. I have givenj\n\nll the cases, because to my ♫ HONGKONG, May 28th, 1889. time of the Council any further.\n\nmind signing one of these extradition warrauts. Anal We therefore contend that\n\nno alleged\n\nThe COLONIAL SECRETARY seconded. *eg\n\nis worse thau signing a death warrant. There una criminal should be surrendered to China on\n\nHon. P. RYREE-With regard to myself and has been no doub, although the evidence as to this Bill I am desirous of making au important His EXCELLENCY-Before proceeding with -KSEN MAPQ magjors off pintedo aq »j sa\n\nthe other unofficial members, we feel that this particular circumstances might be open to doubt announcement with regard to it. is very serious matter. The Bill contains one that the men were real criminals. The proof full and earnest consideration I have determined justice, on the other Haus pay documentary evidence, and that the chiuse\n\nvery objectionable clause, that the evidence portant that the surrender of persons ap- above referred to should be struck out of the\n\ntaken in Chinese courts shall be received here, was, as far as paper went, porfect, and I should to omit the clause which has given rise to con bare had no justification for setting it aside siderable discussion, namely, that with reference plied for by the Chinese Government should Bill. This seems to be the only weak point\n\nand there are other clauses that I think are also but ten there is the feeling that you never to depositions taken in China. objectionable. Our Chinese fallow subjects are get a genuine witness from the Chinese be bedged about by suflicient safeguards in the measure. The question of a guarantee\n\nwill easily see that it would be impossible for me Hon. P. RYRIE-Then do away with extrudi to give reasons for this, but with their permission and restrictions to prevent the facilities for jagainst torture is not dealt with, but this\n\nthe people yo run the chance of being affected\n\ntion altogether.\n\nthat clause will be dropp d from the Ordinance. extradition being used by unscrupulons per may perhaps be wore appropriately left to proposed for second reading, and\n\ntime to consider it in all its bearings. The Bill not only that this place should become the re gaarter or quarters, which I have every reason His EXCELLENCY-Then are you prepared Further, I may state that enggestions from a sons for the purpose of extorting money from the discretion of the Governor in each part-gistrate to receive whateve.vided by the Bill, and I do not think they have had\n\nmay be very good one, but, my experience sort of all the criminals who can escape from to respect, bave been made to me with regard to or otherwise terrorising the peaceable Chinese cular case. The question of procedure ou] accused may be able to produce in f\n\nof extradition has been most unsatisfactory. We China, but to give rise to international diffical the fear created among the respectable Chinese residents of this colony. The case of the the trial is disposed of in what we consider fence is left in doubt by the Bill as\n\nhad a memorable case of men being kept in ties and ultimately perhaps to war? If all the by this measure, or rather by the feeling that! notorious LEE LUM KWAI occurred nut so jan entirely satisfactory manner. By clause it will doubtless be amended. The gaol for eighteen months. There is no prosi oriminals who escape from China cau come here extradition would be made so easy as to ossibly ision is the Bill that men shall not be tortured and live with impunity it is only a question affect them and cause them to be placed under long ago that its lesson has been forgotten. 10 it is provided that \"When a fugitive evidently is that the Magistrate såd\n\nafter they are given up. It was laid down by of time when the irritation that is growing pressure. If the Bill now proposed had been law in criminal is brought before a Magistrate, he vestigate the case thoroughly, and pia\n\nThe suggestion made to me in order the Secretary of State that no criminal should\n\namong the Chinese authorities will break out to remedy this was one which it was quite im. position to report upon it be given up unless on a guarantee-and a gua 1874 there can be little doubt that LEE Lum shall bear the case in the same manner, and self in a\n\nit is one that will co te sooner or later. KWAI would have succeeded in extorting have the same jurisdiction and powers, aa near- correspondent says it is the Migrantee that could be relied on that he should do not say that is an immediate prospect, but possible to adopt, namely, to make the Ordinance\n\nnot be tortured. I saw a letter from Her is a great consideration, as I sup ose no one porary residents.\n\nAnd it apply only to persous who have been very tem- Why it was impossible to 85,000 he attempted to levy, sacrificing one before bin charged with an indictable offence cannot weigh it or come to any decise lency's predecessors, warning him not to give\n\ncertain ten up because they would be tortured his neighbour. These considerations I am sure ance of this Colony any provision which practi or more of them to prosecution in the Chi- committed in the Colony. The Magistrate whether the defence is good or not.\n\nThey were subsequently converted to Roman on members will take into account. The diffi- cally limits the operation of the Treaty. If put face to avoid the difficulties that exist on the about that. At the same time I have thought a nese Courts on suborned evidence if that shall receive any evidence which may\n\nMagistrate shall send to the Govern Peking was applied to, but he would take no\n\nand white that there was no reliable guarantee insecurity, rather the contrary, to inhabitants of that. wherever any person has been for a good this law will create not the slightest additional object may be served in another way. I propose together with such report thereon\n\nthe prisers would not be tortured. I have The intention is clear myself great doubts about the Bill and should the colony as to whom there is the least suspi- time in the Colony, say one year, the cass as thinks fil.\"\n\ncion that their rendition is applied for for impro-presented by the lugistrate together with the like farther time to consider it. think, that the Magistrate shall we\n\nHon. B. LAYTON-I beg to second the motion per reasons.\n\ndepositions taken shäll, before the Governor Hou. P. RYRIE asked the Colonial Secre- gives any warraut for extradition, be considered received in evidence in proceedings under committed in the Colony has an undoubtedavidence and come to a decision on the of the senior unofficial member that the second tary if he could give the particulars as to the by the Governor in Council with the aid of the The duty of the Mags reading of this Bill be postponed, at least until case of the thirteen met the speaker had pre-Chief Justice of the Colony. Of course that this Ordinance.\" It is further provided that right to call evidence on his behalf, and a of the case.\n\nWhatever views we may v.viously alinded to.\n\nonly gives security of proof. It is not \"such depositions, statements, or affirma. prisoner whose rendition is applied for will this respect was clearly laid down share about the Bill must be affected by\n\nThe COLONIAL SECRETARY said he would be in opposition to the Treaty. It is therefore per- tions, and copies thereof, shall be deemed to therefore bave an equal right. We observe of LEUNG ÅFU, decided in the the remarks Your Excellency bus made. | able to give the particulars at the next meeting.Ifectly allowable, and my conviction is that it will\n\n14 b June, and I think if we have a little more time to consider those remarks, and an opportu\n\nHis EXCELLENCY-I think the police report have the same effect while it is at the same time be duly authenticated for the purpose of that a contrary reading of this section has this Ordinance if they purport to be certified been adopted by the China Mail, which says; that case the Magistrate refused\n\nwe have 440 Chinese criminals in the colony at legitimate. I think if, as suggested, the Bill bas nity of reading them as they are reported, this moment. The Chinese authorities do not caused fear, the knowledge that even after being under the band of the Judge, Magistrate, or,\" We interpret this clause to mean that evidence for the defence, and on th; we may be able to form a better opinion as to ask for them to be givou up, because it costs dealt with by the Magistrate, the case of resid. Officer before whom they were taken,tebe the the Magistrate may only hear evidence for the Court ordered the discharge whether the Bill should moet with the support about $5,000 apiece. I don't th n any one doubts ents of some length of time, will be dealt with\n\ni\n\nfrom his intended victims the squeeze of ly as may be, as if the prisoner were brought duty to take down the evidence, but Sesty's Consul at Canton to one of Your Exe 1-doubts, that we should keep in amity with our adopt it was this; we cannot put into an Ordin.\n\nbe\n\nevarse should have become necessary in the tendered to show that the crime of which section 11 of the Bill it is directed the Catholicism and released. The Minister at culty is perhaps the severest I have ever had to there it would be disallowed, there is no question nefarious design. The the prisoner is accused is an offence of a depositions and other evidence in responsibility, and the Consal put it in back one hand and the other. As I have said, I believe great deal over the matter and I think the same\n\npursuit of bis Bill provides that “depositions or statements political character, or is not an extradition A prisoner brought before a Ma- on outh or affirmations taken in China and crime.\" copies thereof shall if daly authenticated be gistrate charged with an indictable offence\n\noriginal depositions, statements, or affirma- the defence which relates to the question tions, or to be true coples thereof, as the case whether the crime is of a political character, may require, and if they are sealed with the lor is not an extradition crime.\" The mistake official seal of some Officer of State in China.\" appears to have arisen from our contem- Now can be little doubt that LEE LUm porary overlooking the first part of the Kwarcould have produced reasis of such doca- section, or being ignorant of the fact that ments, and if the clause above quoted passes persons accused of an indictable offence com- into law it will afford a ready means of turn. mitted within the Colony are entitled to ing on the screw when it is desired to squeeze make their defence before the Magistrate if Chinese residents of the colony. In Lag they are so advised. The same words--\" di Lum Kwar's case his intended victims ac if such person were charged with a crime or tually offered him a substantial sum, two or indictable offence avarmitted within the\n\nis hound to hear evidence for\n\nCourt\n\nthe\n\nprisoner. \"It appears,\" the Court\n\n#1\n\nits judgment, that there were e nosses in attendance and tendered of the prisoner, and whether their evid worth anyibing or nothing, in our they should have been examined.” \"Lex's\" opinion as to the right of\n\nthat in the judgment in LEUNG A gistrate to take evidence of an ali the Court quotes and adopts the a judgment by the paaange from\n\nthe next meeting.\n\nof the anofficial members or not. As the hon.\n\nthe case.\n\nmber has said, there are certain objectionable that that is a sort of thing that ought not to exist. by the Governor in Council with the assistance points about the Bill, especially that about his clause that has been referred to I quite ad- of the first legal authority in the colony, will the depositions taken in Chinese courts, and if it is obje tionable so long as you don't take cause those fears to be suppressed. That this the second r ading could be postponed I think into consideration at the circumstances of measure is a useful one I have no doubt. You have to take a very broad view. I have a report from the Police that since it would meet the wishes of must of us.\n\nis EXCELLENCY-I have not the slightest ob- wall. This very clanse about affidavits has ben ber of well-known criminals have left the You cannot look at it through a chink in th the introduction of this Bill a large nm- jection to postponement In fact I am scarcely in a condition to conduct a debate ou the subject suggested by Her Majesty's Government.\n\nColony, but at the same time I am given to Hon, P. BYRIE-Has Her Majesty's Consul understand that they intend returning if this today. even supposing the postponement were\n\nBill is thrown out by the Council, and although His EXCELLENCY-In order to write the we do not know that these men have been com on the contrary desire all possible consideration should he given, I will postpone it till next meet despatch I read reports. I know all the Con-mitting crimes in this Colony, it is certain they objectionable, but as I see no objection to it, but at anton been consuited:\n\nu résumé of have been making it their basis for depredations Sear.tary of State. Depend on the neighbouring province of China. That' ing, or even farther if necessary. But with ra. sul's views and I have given ference to those points the hou. members have them to the mentioned. In the first place, as regards torture \"pon it. the whole subject has been looked is a state of things which is a scandal and will\n\nroy that there will not be torture. Whether\n\nthree hundred dollars, to cease his perseca. colony\"-occur in the old Ordinance, No. 2/Justice SNOWDEN in a similar ea It has been a standing instruction of the Segre at all round, and although there is no sola-certainly sooner or later lead to trouble. If Government think this i the best. I go respectable Chinese hero, we can in any way tion, and had he been content to accept this of 1850, and under this it has been decided the depositions there was no stulen tary of State that uo person should ever be givention that has not obj etions Her Majesty's without in the slightest degras injuring the the accused were called on to plead up at all without an undertaking from tho Vice-farther and think het before long you will remedy that state of things, we shall have amount the matter would probably never by the Supreme Court that the Magis all it does not appear that they was that nndertaking is carried out or not, it is be forced to ignore to a great extent that imperformed a very valuable service. However, have become public. Under the new Or. trate\n\ngiven, and we cannot get anything more. If ongkong in this respect and make it very dinance, it would only be uecessary for a the defence. In Ordinance 2 of 1850, how, what they had to say in their deal possible for us to say. The undertaking is aginary line which exists betw.en hina and the great stumbling block to general assent to:\n\nthough they might have been able because of souo suspicion that in some partionlar easy for people who escape to this colony to be given up. At present it is fortunate for them wver, there is no schedule of extradition! man of Lee Lum Kwar's stamp, in concert\n\nshould refuse to give up criminals, and if we that this is English territory, hat the offering with an unscrupulous mandatio, to get to cases nor is there any exception of pon beyond doubt either mistaken ide case that undertaking would not be fille\n\nsuppose the hon. member is correct in what he of such an asylum may produce in course of The Magistrate's power alibi, or some defence within they\n\ntime a state of things that will be intolerable; gether a lot of documents purporting to be fical offences.\n\nthe alleged crime of the Magistrate to hear.\" The\n\nHan. P. RYSTE-I saw the official letter.\n\nand I think it is coming to that. If we have depositions, have them sealed, and then tell to inquire whelber the person intended to be squezed that the of a political character or be an extradi-that the Magistrate is to condusi\n\nthe measure, that clause about the deposi- tions, has been removed. I shall explain to the Secretary of State, who suggested the clause, my reasons for so doing, but I cannot give theni fully here.\n\nHon. P. RYRIL-Your Excellency, by the with- drawal of that clause with regard to the deposi-\n\nBIS EXCELLENCY-Well, are you prepared 400 criminals now who know they are secure Itions you have certainly removed one serious\n\nthese documents would be sent to the Go- tion offence according to the sabedule ia quiry in the same manner as if t59 for the only other alternative, that Hou. kone think it is only a question of time when stumbling block, but I think there are several vernment of Hongkong if black mail were specifically set out to the new Ordinance, were obarged with a critne commit should become flooded with Chinese criminals; they will largely increase, and you will then not paid before a certain day. The squeeze for these are points that would not come Colony, and that the accused is to bat erory Chinese criminal bas only to escape have to ignore the objections that have beongnarantee that after the prisoner is given up no\n\nwould most probably be paid. It is true within his province if his inquiry were con- the accused would have the opportunity of ducted solely as if it related to an offence sking his defence before the Magistrate, committed within the Colony. Otherwise the but be would have no opportunity of cross- Magistrate's duty in conducting the inquiry examining the witnesses for the prosecution, remains the same as it was before, and if he\n\nיו\n\ndered only on evidence which woul ficient to justify his committal, wa with the low in England, but with\n\nwith \"charged Extradition treaties generally is it\n\nHon P. RYRIE The offenders who take re- that persons\n\nproof of theirt but they don't swell the ranks of the burg-\n\nlarioas population here. used. The Courts, of co\n\nBIS EXCELLENCyThere has not been the bound only by the Ordinance, but slightest suspicion of anything political in any the cases that have occurred of recent years. was not aware of a case that appeared in the Papers the other day, that of Mow Wong,\n\nongkong to be safe for evermore? Are yoprepared for that alternative?\n\nHon. P. RYRIR-It is not common criminals HIS EXCELLENCY-In my time the\n\nwant extraditi n for.\n\neen rivials of the deepest dye.\n\nrendition has been appliste e men\n\nand almost the only effective way of meet-refused to bear evidence for the defence the may be surrendered, in the Chinefuge here are partly criminal and partly politi\n\nthe case against him would be to prove be-accused would undoubtedly be discharged the words \"on yond all possibility of doubt an alibi. Tholos appeal to the Supreme Court,\n\nII.\n\ncharge would naturally fix the date of the com- A few days ago a letter appeared in our\n\nmission of the alleged crime at a time when\n\nare\n\nlature in making the law for the\n\nof the Courts, are bound to take provision. Practically proof of fiued in the Bill to be such eviled justify the committal for trial\n\nn\n\nattention was thru cailed to it, but until the attention that was given us the Vecnsulted-judges, counsel engaged in maced a change, because all the that case\n\ners, who are therefore bonnl to take a par\n\nthe accused either had not yet come to Hong-columns signed \"Lex\" in which the writer, kong or bad returned to \"China on a visit, alluding to the Extradition Bill now before so that to prove an alibi which would effec- the Legislative Council, says it may be quite against him would be exceedingly difficult, rused of an indictable offence within the soner if the offence had been coses-I do not mean counsel retained by tha pri. tually destroy the prima facie case made correct, as stated by us that \"persons ac In the case of European powers the adminis- Colony are entitled to make their defence be- this Colony, and if the principletionlar view, but impartial anthorities, the law\n\ntration of justice is recognised as pure, and fore the Magis rate if they are so advised;\n\nin the case of LEUNG AFU oneers of the Crown and ces taint we do not\n\na person whose rendition is applied for may and, bend is, it is the Magistrate's duty adhered to there can be little fatsire to give up per us who are criminals, so-\n\nisirly enough be surrendered on documeu-to take down the statements of the defend-carriage of justice.\n\nthat these offers may be considered impartial\n\nhere and are applied for at once the Ordinance urged. I don't think as to people who come is strong enough. However, the Secretary of State has concluded that this is the utmost that can be done at present.\n\nmore. Ons grave matter is with regard to the! great point in extradition cases, but nothing torture will be used. That has always been a very is said about it in this Bill. If it were proved i that we, a Christian Government, wera giving up men to he tortured, it would be at once brought before the English Parliament and there would be very serious trouble. Yet I see nothing in this Bill about it. The idea that we should i take statements from the Chinose Courts is ab- sard, because there is no such thing, that is to say there is nothing resembling our English Courts. The question is, shall we give up men who have been only a month or two in the colony, to be tortured? Is such a proceeding right? You would not hud any Consul in China who would give security that the men should not 'og' tortured. I have spoken to many of the Consula about the matter. Are we, as part of the British uation, to give up these poor creatures to be for- tured ? I am certain the people in England will not stand it There is no provision lu this Bill, however, to prevent it being done.\n\nHi8 EXCELLENCY-I thought. I had explain- į ed to hon, members that this Bill had not in that respect altered the present conditions. There' is a standing instruction from Her Majesty's",
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        "title": "CO129-286 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black Governor Sir Blake & Public Offices - 1898 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "# 557 \n## Introductory\n508 \nBhamo to Tali-Fu. \n21 \nYunnan, and be recommends that it should be connected by railway with Bhamo. Mr. Turner says that it is conveniently reached from Myitkyina, Bhamo, and Namkham, and that Tibetan traders might visit it direct without going to Tali. If it were made a centre for the import of calico, yarns, woollens, and other English goods into Yunnan it would save the Yunnanese eight days' journey to Bhamo. Mr. Turner would prefer Yungchang to Momien. He calls the former the busiest town in Yunnan. It is a manufacturing place, and the centre of important trade routes, running north, south, east, and west.\n\n## Trade Routes\nMr. Colquhoun has very truly said that \"the configuration of Yunnan is such that no single route can reach or tap the whole trade of the province.\" All the possible routes to the capital are long, difficult, and expensive, and each is more or less fitted to feed one part of Yunnan, while other parts remain inaccessible from it. Different sides of the plateau are supplied from the nearest low lands. Ssuchuan sends goods to the somewhat poor regions of north and north-east Yunnan and north Kueichou, Pose to east and central Yunnan and south Kueichou, Tonkin to south and central Yunnan, and Burma to south-west and west Yunnan, probably the most satisfactory portions of the province from a commercial standpoint. The chief routes will be considered in order.\n\n### Burmese Routes\n#### (a.) Bhamo-Tali-Yunnan-Fu\nTrade passes into China from Burma by many routes, but, as mentioned before, the bulk of the trade is conducted by this route, the most direct road to the capital and the Yangtze valley. The fact that a route presenting so many physical obstacles should have been used for centuries is strong evidence of the difficulties of communication between India and China. According to a note on the Venetian map of Frà Mauro (middle 15th century), merchandise was transferred in what is now the Bhamo district in order to pass on to Cathay. Moreover, the travels of Marco Polo show that this, \"the Ambassador's road,\" was the most ancient and frequented way of passage to Tali (Marco Polo's Carajau), Yunnan-Fu (Yachi), and Pekin. By this route Chinese troops and officials kept Burma in suzerainty to the Middle Kingdom. A road, however, that has satisfied the needs of an earlier time may be utterly unable to cope with the exigencies of modern commerce, and a track that is suited to mule caravans and porters may be utterly unfitted for railway construction.\n\nThere is a striking consensus of evidence as to the impracticability from a commercial and financial standpoint of a railway from Bhamo to Tali. Mr. Turner found hardly two consecutive miles of level road between Bhamo and Yunnan-Fu, and Mr. Colquhoun said it was by far the worst road he had traversed since leaving Canton. The distance from Bhamo viá Momien to Tali-Fu is 18 to 20 days, and thence to Yunnan-Fu 12 to 14 days. Mere distances in miles give no conception of the actual time required, still less would they indicate the space a railway would have to cover. The ordinary trade route runs to Momien up the valley of the Taping and its affluent the Nam-ta. This valley, or succession of valleys, containing many thousands of Chinese Shans, may, according to Mr. Lenz, be regarded as the largest and most fertile in Yunnan. The places passed are Myothit, Nampaung, Manwyne, Santa (where the valley is very rich and thickly populated, and whence mule tracks lead north to the jade mines), Nantien, and Meung La. The road is level for 83 miles, while for the remaining 37 miles it runs over hills that are not very difficult. There is an ascent to Momien (5,540 feet), but Captain Davies holds that a railway could be constructed, and, as it would pass through a prosperous district, would probably pay, though no extension beyond Momien would be possible. This route is kept safe from the depredations of the Kachins by Chinese troops, while at Nampaung the British and Chinese telegraph lines are linked up, thus connecting Bhamo with the leading cities of China.\n\nOther routes that should be mentioned are those from Bhamo to Momien vid Mattin and Mongwan. There are four routes from Bhamo to Namkham, and an important route runs thence through Longling to join the main road at Yungchang. Apparently a good deal of trade exists with China through Maing Long, two days west of Momien. There is a route by boat up the Shweli to Momeik, and thence to Meung-mao, where it strikes north to join the Tali road. The road from Myitkyina through Sansi to Momien (120 miles) may become important on the completion of the railway, but it is much more difficult than the present direct route from Bhamo.\n\n### Difficulties of the Bhamo-Tali Route\nThe difficulties of the Bhamo-Tali route really begin at Momien. Between this town and Tali there are from seven to ten almost parallel ranges of mountains (either main or subsidiary chains) running from N.W. to S.E., besides minor ascents and descents. In a space of 150 miles there are six passes of more than 8,000 feet above sea-level, the elevations varying from 3,500 to 4,000 feet above the plain. Moreover, there are three great rivers to be crossed, the Shweli, Salween, and Mekong. The chief ascents on the route are from the valleys, or rather gorges, of these rivers. In going from Bhamo the descent to the Salween is from 6,810 to 2,580 feet, with an abrupt ascent beyond the bridge to 4,880 feet. The zigzags of the rocky mule track leading up from this wild gorge traverse 7 miles. Further, these low-lying ravines are the lurking places of malaria and have for ages been dreaded by the Chinese. Marco Polo said the air in summer was so bad that foreigners attempting this country would die for certain. The poisonous emanations of the Salween are said to decimate the population, but it has been maintained that the insalubrity of this region has been exaggerated, though the reputation it possesses prevents the Chinese from bringing traffic along the route except in the cold months of the year. The term applied to this route by Prince Henry \"a route of ascending penetration\" aptly describes its characteristics, for it has to cross numerous mountain chains with profound intervening river gorges. It seems clear that though mules may traverse such a route, it is impracticable to construct a railway across precipitous ravines or to tunnel or cross many lofty ranges, except at an incalculable outlay of labour and capital which the traffic would never repay. Extraordinary difficulties were encountered in constructing the telegraphs. Baber believed that by an improved system of paving and a better selection of gradients the route might be made convenient enough for transport by mules and coolies, but that it seemed hopeless to think of making it practicable for wheeled carriages.\n\nBeyond Momien the district is comparatively poor and thinly peopled, while great stretches of land are barren and uncultivated or covered with forests. Yungchang is a town with ruined suburbs in a large well-irrigated plain, known as the \"rice-field of Yunnan\" from the fine grain it produces. Opinions differ as to its commercial importance, though the latest, that of Mr. Turner, is favourable. From Yungchang European goods from Bhamo go to Kongma, a prosperous town with a good many Chinese traders. Before reaching Yangpi, Chuting, a ruined town, and Shayang, a large market village, are passed, but the region generally is said to be the least populous in western Yunnan. Yangpi is an important fortress. The fertile Yangpi valley running to the Mekong is thickly peopled throughout. From Hsia-Kwan a road in bad condition runs north to Tali (10 miles), while the route to Yunnan-Fu continues east.\n\n### Tali to Tibet\nTali has an important transit trade with Tibet, exporting mainly tea and importing woollen goods, skins, furs, and jewels. One day north of Tali is Ninchieh, a plain with numerous villages. Prince Henry says generally that the regions north are ill-suited for trade, thinly peopled, and of little commercial interest. The route to Likiang (situated one day from the Chin-sha-kiang or Upper Yangtze, here unnavigable) is not difficult, being reached by a mule track in a few days. M. Bonin speaks of it as a very important point, the market in the direction of Yunnan where all the Tibetan productions are centralised and exchanged with Chinese merchants, its importance being comparable to that of Tatsien-lu in relation to Ssuchuan. Likiang is the natural outlet of produce from the Sangakchouzong country, from Yerkalo, and from the Mekong valley to the south of Yerkalo. Captain Davies thinks a line thither from Tali would meet with no serious difficulties. Likiang is a great breeding place for ponies and mules. Still farther north is Atentzu (10,725 feet), a Customs station, peopled mainly by Chinese, with a considerable business in skins, tea, and musk. Lieutenant Roux calls it an important centre of exchange and the meeting place of routes to Tali, Tsaron, Lassa, Batang, and Tatsien-lu. The trade is conducted by barter by Chinese merchants. A small trade goes on as far as Batang (30 days from Tali).\n\n### Tali to Ssumao\nThis route might become important if a railway were carried from Kunlon Ferry to Tali, as it is the only road from south-west to north-west Yunnan. It is very mountainous, and has many traces of the rebellion and plague. In going from Tali a pass of 9,300 feet must be crossed.",
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        "content_text": "# \n559 \n\n## Hlaindet to the Takaw Ferry. Mekong Routes.\n\nThe railway schemes of Messrs. Colquhoun and Hallett.\n\n28 \n\nand also a large local trade. Mr. Turner also says that the Burma-Kunlon line presents no immediate prospect of success owing to the lack of merchandise to convey--what is large for mule transport being small for an expensive railway. At present there are few articles of export and none in large quantities, and little promise of any. He describes the road between Shunning and Tali as bad, with only one place of importance on the way, the busy little town of Menghua-Ting, situated in a plain growing a large quantity of rice and opium. There is considerable agreement that Shunning has little trade except in the necessaries of life. But the country generally is not unfertile, for Prince Henry says that though the right bank of the Mekong is poor up to Mienning, beyond that town and up to Tali there are beautiful, populous, and very rich plains recalling that of Tunghai in south Yunnan. Lieutenant Roux goes even further, and, after referring to Mienning as a small town with a rather important trade with Burma, he says that beyond it he traversed one of the richest parts of Yunnan, passing through several important commercial centres such as Yincho, Shunning, and Menghua. Captain Daly holds that the area to be served by the Kunlon line will probably be eventually confined to western, central, and south Yunnan, with Shunning as the centre. The chief trade centres of west Yunnan are, he says, Yungchang and Lungling, a town south-east of Momien, by which a large traffic used to pass. He believes that when the Kunlon line is opened the trading community of Lungling will move en masse to Kokang (which is, in Mr. Scott's opinion, the richest tract in the Shan States), with its thriving market town of Malipa (Tawnio), only 25 miles from Kunlon Ferry, and connected with Yungchang by a fairly good road. Panlong is another trading centre of importance not far from Kunlon. Other towns which the railway to Shunning would render more accessible are Tali (with Atentzu and Yungpei to the north) and Ssumao, from which it may possibly divert some trade. Indian yarn might be delivered in Yunnan via Kunlon when the line is opened at least as cheaply as through Tonkin. Many officers and civilians, however, doubt whether the line can be a commercial success for many years, though Mr. Bagley, the chief engineer, expects that the traffic with the Shan States alone will make it pay.\n\nNo direct route from Kunlon to Yunnan-Fu has ever been explored. There is said to be a trade route via Shagwe (on the Mekong), Chintong, and Gokia to Hsinhsing and thence to Yunnan-Fu, but the distance is not known. Even if the railway were constructed to Yincho, several marches would remain to be done by road. Only west Yunnan, then, need be considered as to trade and communications.\n\n## (c.) Hlaindet-Mone-Takaw Ferry Route.\nThis is the only path besides the Bhamo route that is much frequented. Hlaindet is 80 miles south of Mandalay, and the route to Takaw (via Kyaniykon and Natit) occupies 21 days from Mandalay. Takaw, 130 miles south of Kunlon, is a narrow defile. From Takaw to Kenghung via Kengtung takes 19 days. But the difficulties of this route are great. There are said to be fifteen ranges of mountains between Hlaindet and Kenghung, and the likin duties beyond Kenghung are stated to be heavy. In spite, however, of these drawbacks, Chinese caravans come to Mone from Tali-Fu, Puerh, Ssumao, and Yunnan-Fu.\n\n## MEKONG ROUTES.\nIt appears desirable to devote a short section to those of the routes by the Mekong which do not go direct from Burma to China. The Mekong is navigable up to, and a little within, the borders of Yunnan, in passing through which it traverses for the most part wild solitudes where cultivation is impossible. Here and there on its banks are likin stations, with a few miserable cabins. Lieutenant Roux speaks of travelling near the river for eight days north from Dayakeu and passing two fine plains, Mong Pan and Mong Ka, situated amid wild and desolate mountains. Navigation is practicable in parts of the river, but rapids and cascades, especially those of Khong and Kemmarat, render through traffic impossible. One of the best-known Burma-China railway schemes, that of Messrs. Colquhoun and Hallett, was designed to tap south-west China by the Kenghung route to Ssumao. Mr. Hallett has argued that any line to China north of Mandalay is out of the question, and that the Chinese Government would not construct a railway from Kunlon to the Mekong because of the physical difficulties. The proposed line would go from Moulmein through Zimmé (in Siam), thence towards the Mekong, which would be touched at Kenghsen, and afterwards to Kenghung and Ssumao. It is contended that Ssumao is admirably situated for trade; that the railway can be constructed at a reasonable expense; that valuable plains would be opened to commerce; that the line would tap a rich and prosperous part of China and enable us to compete with France; and that, if the line were carried to Ssumao, this town would become the starting point of a railway system for south-west China. M. Chailley Bert remarks that this route is shorter and has less steep ascents than the Hlaindet route, but it would traverse Siam and also a rough, mountainous, and little-known country on the right bank of the Mekong, or else abut on French Laos. It is worth noticing that the trade of the Upper Mekong is comparatively insignificant; only ten or eleven caravans passed through Zimmé from Yunnan in 1896, with goods valued at £2,250. But the paramount objection to this scheme is the political one that the railway would traverse territory not under the control of the British Government, and this objection has become strengthened since the French advanced to the Mekong. It therefore appears unnecessary to criticise Messrs. Colquhoun and Hallett's statements about the richness and populousness of south-west Yunnan and the commercial importance of Ssumao, or their proposal for carrying a railway beyond Ssumao to the valley of the Yangtze. A railway even as far as Ssumao would be very long, and difficult and costly to construct, and could hardly compete successfully with lines from Haiphong and Bangkok. A Siamese railway to Korat is nearly completed.\n\n## Routes.\n\nThere are two Siamese routes, both passing through the Shan States. Siamese By the Mekong route traffic passes to Kenghung and Ssumao, but the difficulties are very great. By the Menam route boats can reach Zimmé in three weeks from Bangkok, though goods rarely take less than six weeks. But both these routes involve a long transit and a number of likin payments, which means a heavy price for laying down goods in Yunnan.\n\nThe French have attached importance to a route by the Mekong, but find The French navigation difficult. The valley of the Namu, which branches off from and the Mekong. the Mekong above Luang Prabang, offers to commerce an easier and shorter way than that of the Upper Mekong, but its length is sufficiently great to be a drawback. It is said by a recent French writer that gunboats can go up to Luang Prabang and even to Kenghsen for at least part of the year, and it is claimed that this route is diverting trade from Siam to Cambodia and Cochin China. According to M. Macey, English products penetrate to the Upper Mekong by many routes, and the French hope to bring back to their territory the ancient caravans, and to establish agencies and depôts in Muong-Lu. Navigation is at present slow, but it is asserted that the improvements projected will make the river navigable at any time on the borders of French territory. But M. Rocher and others declare that the Mekong will never be a way of penetration into China for the French at all comparable with the Red River, and that the sooner they renounce their illusions about it the better.\n\n## Kenghung via Ssumao to Yunnan-Fu.\nThe Mekong routes are directed Kenghung to towards Ssumao through Kenghung, the road from which reaches Ssumao, Yunnan.Fu. after traversing a rich cotton and tea country, in seven days. The whole journey from Kenghung to Yunnan-Fu takes 22 days, according to General Mesny, over very rugged roads. This route is known as the \"great route.\" Beyond Ssumao the country is extremely difficult, a belt of mountains 130 miles wide forming the watershed of the Red River and its chief tributaries. For eleven stages there are difficult ascents and descents. The road goes via Puerh and Talang (an important market in south Yunnan) to Yuanchiang-chou, a squalid town in a malarious plain. (The Yuan River, or Upper Red River, has a sharp fall and steep and precipitous bluffs, and is never likely to serve the purposes of commerce.) The country traversed has many ruined villages, little cultivation, and a small population, mainly Shans and Lolos. Beyond Shibping-chou, a prosperous and important town, the road joins the main route from Tonkin to Yunnan-Fu. Kreitner suggested a railway by this route.\n\n29 \n\n## \n570",
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        "content_text": "## (d.) Sui-Fu (Hsüchou-Fu) to Yunnan-Fu\n\nThis is the main trade route between the Yangtze and Yunnan (25 to 26 stages). General Mesny speaks of the route as the most important and least costly of trade routes from central China to Yunnan. Mr. Bourne calls it the only great commercial route between north Yunnan on the one hand and Ssuchuan and the Eastern Provinces on the other, and states that it has a large transit trade. From Sui-Fu the route goes to An pien-chang and ascends the Keng River, which contains many rapids and rocks, and the navigation of which ends at Hengchiang. Goods come up the river by boat and are then carried by coolies to Laowatan (77 miles in four days through a difficult mountain district by a bad road), at about 5d. to 6d. per ton per mile. In Ssuchuan a large part of the transport is always done by coolies, who can live very cheaply. Laowatan, 137 miles from Sui-Fu, is the great likin station on this route, the chief import through it into Yunnan being native cotton cloth, with some foreign cottons, tobacco, salt, and drugs, while the chief export is opium, with tin, lead, copper, tea, and drugs. Likin is rigidly enforced, and the officials are especially extortionate and unreasonable with small traders. At Laowatan the goods brought by coolies are re-packed and sent on by mules and ponies. There is an ascent of 2,500 feet in nine miles to Li-shan-ting, and a descent of 2,000 feet to Tou-sha-kuan in the next nine miles. Here begins a district of great poverty, with scanty vegetation and few houses. Beyond Takuan-ting the path ascends 2,800 feet in 45 miles. The country traversed is poor and difficult, the houses miserable and ruined. According to Soltau the ranges between the Takuan valley and Chaotung are extremely difficult, with dangerous precipices and deep ravines. Near Chaotung (6,580 feet) carts are found. The town lies midway between the two chief sources of cotton supply, Hankow and Burma, so cotton is dear and the people ill-clad. Chaotung has 40,000 people, but it is not noted for any special product. It depends on agriculture and through traffic. The foreign goods are few, and are sold by itinerant vendors. Its plain produces opium and large quantities of indigo. Chaotung serves as a distributing centre for goods (especially medicines) from the Yangtze to north-west Ssuchuan via Huilichou and even up to Tali, and east through Weining. Beyond Chaotung the country is a dry, bare, almost rainless plateau with no rivers. The descent to the Nuilan valley is by a road indescribably bad and steep through a wretched district. Except the small town of Chiang-ti there is hardly a house for 46 miles. The winds are specially injurious in this region. The rebellion has left deep and frequent traces in ruined villages and uncultivated valleys. Tungchuan-Fu (7,150 feet), five stages from Chaotung, has long been famous as a mining centre, and in the district there are said to be still rich mineral deposits of iron, coal, lead, zinc, and copper, though only copper is worked. Its population is small, poor, and hard worked. There is little demand for foreign goods, though a few come from the West River, the Red River, and the Yangtze. (A route runs through very mountainous country from Tungchuan to Tali via Huilichou. This route crosses the Chinshakiang at two stages from Tungchuan). From Tungchuan to Yunnan-Fu there are seven stages. Mr. Bourne says that in one day he travelled 25 miles without passing a single village, and that during 20 days he traversed a miserable country of alternating bare and wind-swept downs and precipitous cañons. At three points the path ascends to 7,830, 8,426, and 9,993 feet. Transport animals frequently die of the hardships they experience on this route. The Lyons Mission spoke of wandering through a wilderness of mountains and rough valleys. The roads often run along the mountain sides, and are strewn with boulders.\n\n## Page 41\n\nFrom Laowatan to Kungshan (305 miles) the country is at present of no possible value for commerce, according to Mr. Bourne. The people are very poor, and, if clad, clad in Shashi cloth. After Kungshan the country improves, and fertile plains are traversed to Yangkai, beyond which poppy fills the whole cultivated area. A vast plain stretches from Yangkai to the prosperous market town of Yanglin, said to be one of the richest in Yunnan, and containing numerous villages with an active population and a great number of cattle.\n\nIn spite of the many obstacles to traffic, this is the principal trade route from the Yangtze valley to Yunnan-Fu, though a member of the Lyons Mission states that since the opening of the Kueichou and Tonkin route, the present route is little frequented, being used only by few and small caravans with tobacco and indigo from Ssuchuan, medicines for Ssuchuan, and cotton for Huilichou. But no confirmation of this statement can be found. In any case, a route along which the main path is too narrow for bulky goods and is generally broken and uncared for, a route which traverses sterile, thinly peopled, and even in parts uninhabitable tracks, crosses high ridges and deep ravines, and goes along the beds of streams, hardly offers much scope for an extensive trade in foreign goods. Trade is further hampered by taxation, amounting to 12 per cent. on the Shanghai value of cotton goods.\n\nKreitner proposed a railway from Yunnan-Fu via Hsuntien, Tungchuan, and Chaotung to Sui-Fu. But M. Brenier, Secretary General of the Lyons mission, says that a railway is held by experts to be impossible on account of the nature of the country and of the forests. He says that it is impossible from a practical standpoint, for it would cost enormous sums which the present and prospective traffic would not repay. It would, moreover, cost more for freight by such a line from Tonkin than the existing freight by the Yangtze route. The commercial members of the Blackburn Mission thought that the rates charged on a line through a country presenting such great engineering difficulties would be as high as the present charges for pack animals. Although a railway might be possible from Yunnan-Fu as far as Kungchai, the tremendous ascents and descents for the rest of the way would be insuperable barriers. Similarly a project for a railway from Yunnan-Fu via Tungchuan up to the bend of the Chinshakiang to the S. of Huilichou is impracticable, for any line must cross the watershed between the West River and the Yangtze basins, while even if the river were reached by railway it would, owing to innumerable rapids, be found unnavigable, except for small boats, down to Pingshan.\n\n## (e.) Chungking viâ Chengtu-Fu to Tali-Fu\n\nThe route to Chengtu-Fu proceeds overland or by boat. The overland road passes the important towns of Jungchang-Hsien and Lungchang (centre of the grass cloth trade), and the salt wells of Tzulinching. A busy and populous district with many large villages lies between Yuting-pu and Tzu-chou, noted for salt, sugar, and grass cloth, and Chien-Chou, famous for opium. Beyond Chengtu-Fu the first town to be noted is Yachou, in the midst of a great tea-growing district. Consul Litton speaks highly of the strategic importance of Yachou, the possession of which would give an enemy from the West a clear run down the valley of the Ya River to Chiating, which is in the Min Valley, and in the heart of Ssuchuan. Yachou is a place of importance as the starting point of commerce to Tibet, in tea and cotton, which are exchanged for musk, wool, furs, gold, goat-skins, medicines, &c. At Yachou is prepared all the brick tea sent to Tibet. The tea trade with Tibet, valued at a million taels, goes by pack coolies along a difficult route with huge forests and mountains (one pass of 13,000 feet, and two of over 9,000 feet) to Tatsien-lu (Tachien-lu), a town of great commercial and strategical importance on the Tibetan frontier, a journey of 15 days. (There is another route which Mr. Litton considers is easier and more direct, only one obstacle, the Ma Ngai Pass of 9,700 feet, having to be surmounted. It is coming into favour with the tea carriers.) Drugs are produced and coal and iron are worked at Yachou. Over a high pass, and also within the tea region, is Jungching-Hsien, where coal and iron are mined and agricultural implements, &c. manufactured.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-295 - Public Offices - 1899",
        "page_number": 506,
        "title": "CO129-295 - Public Offices - 1899",
        "content_text": "Inclosure 5 in No. 1.\n\nViceroy Tan to Consul Munsfield.\n\nSir,\n\nCanton, June 3, 1899. I AM in receipt of your despatch of the 1st instant with regard to the \"Wo On\" piracy, stating that, shortly after the occurrence, a torpedo-boat passed at a short distance from the \"Wo On,\" but ignored her signals; that although the gun-boat \"Ko La\" proceeded to the spot where the loot was landed, no one went on shore to pursue the pirates. You stated that negligence had been displayed, and requested me to order the civil and military authorities to exert themselves honestly to effect the arrests.\n\nI have recorded a dereliction of duty against the Captains of the torpedo-boat and of the \"Ko Lu,\" and have deprived them of their buttons, but they remain under orders to co-operate with the local civil and military authorities in effecting the arrest of the pirates and the recovery of the plunder. I have also instructed the Provincial Judge to enjoin the effecting of the arrests under pain of denouncement, if they are not made within the time allowed.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n899\n\nAugust\n\nHong\n\nKong\n\nNo. 23151\n\n(Subject.)\n\n503\n\nDOMESTIC.\n\nC.O.\n\n23151\n\nRECO\n\nREG: 30 AUG 99\n\nProceedings of the French at\n\nKurang-chou.\n\n(Seal of Viceroy.)\n\n(Minutes.)\n\nSir W. Hamilton\n\nI send on a map, which I have endeavoured to mark the places alluded to - from a large scale map, kindly provided by the French authorities. Kuery-chou-wan is apparently a sort of passage between the East coast of the Lien Ichen peninsula, and the mouth of the Kam River on the mainland to the North. If the French do contemplate annexing the triangular piece of territory which includes Tai O (Pakhor) and an important fort on the West River, which will probably be the next...",
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    {
        "id": 384055,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-309 - Public Offices & Others - 1901",
        "page_number": 591,
        "title": "CO129-309 - Public Offices & Others - 1901",
        "content_text": "Mar in Thurn Mur Lucas.\n\nThere are 4 Men candidates who have specially applied (I don't think there need be considered any applicant for promotion in general - Though there are R.W. Frutte (others below in that order) W. Rose Frutto / The Call At-Tomalin.\n\n+\n\nlatter is not in the scarce a I don't think he right to have a chance. Tomalin does it seem good though for such a post. Calcott recens a Goodish man, but less good than R. W. Suite\n\nI will onbruit Either the latter or Chatham as you prefer.\n\nEtter.\n\n2519\n\nOn the whole, I think that Mr Chatham Should be preferred. Ewin?\n\nMi Marsh\n\n25/1X\n\nIn Antrobres thinks Mr Anderson \"Justably head of the Gold Coast P.W.S. Should be considered. Will you consult the Crown Agents who will probably know about him. He has had shorter service than Mr Chatham: it dates only from November 93: on the other hand he has been head of the department from the first- Unless you gather that he is a very first-rate man, with strong claims to be marked\n\nthat Mr Chatham should be\n\nquite agree offered the appointment\n\nA\n\n26. Sept\n\nNer Mercer\n\nCould you please let us have an account of\n\nIn Anderson (as per Lucas minute,\n\nM. Marsh\n\nDam.\n\n269\n\nMr. Anderson\n\nis an able engineer and zealous officer.\n\nI sum Lower that he is undoubtedly free-in-taking and\n\nlv\n\ne^^ At-\n\nwould be quite suitable for H. Pong. where he would\n\nsit in\n\nit\n\nIn Chamberlain.\n\nEx Communit\n\nистит\n\n2\n\nfor the Disclosting of Public Works. Hong Kong. Mr W. Chatham, the Assistant Director, is recommended both by the Governor and by the retiring Director, he appears to be a good\n\nand there is no one else with superior\n\nlu, an\n\nclaims. ? Appoint him Eastern Dept.\n\nave\n\ninformed Mr. Rox Smith, (an outside candidate) som 2/10\n\nStru\n\n012879\n\nPage information is kept as is, assuming the original six-line page numbering format is followed, though not visibly present in this text.\n\n \nThe text has been proofread according to the given instructions, with corrections made for spelling, spacing, and some reordering for clarity while maintaining the original content and structure as much as possible.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-309 - Public Offices & Others - 1901.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 386838,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "page_number": 293,
        "title": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "content_text": "## 289\n\nThe Portuguese authorities deeming the presence of a Service Hospital to be a menace to their territorial rights, issued a decree of expropriation, and paid the proprietor the sum of 80,000 dollars as a surrender value, its assessed value being 40,000 dollars. As a precautionary measure, the Portuguese authorities have issued decrees of expropriation in respect of certain other properties in Macao, not with a view to entering upon the occupation of the land, but to establish a right which they undoubtedly possess. This was a necessary precaution, as it was found shortly afterwards that the French were in treaty for another property.\n\nHouse Tax.-A new house tax has been levied in Canton during the last three months, and all the excitement which marked its inauguration has completely disappeared. This is in a measure due to the Tax Bureau having made the assessments as low as possible, besides granting frequent exemptions. The income from this source is consequently below the estimate, and will not exceed 100,000 dollars.\n\nNew Land Tax is to apply to Sha-tien lands only, i.e., lands reclaimed from the muddy shores of rivers and tidal creeks. This land, annually enriched by river deposits, is considered best able to contribute an additional sum to the revenue. The collection is to be made by the local gentry, the landlord paying eight-tenths, the tenant two-tenths. The tax amounts to about 3s. 4d. per acre per annum.\n\nIn accordance with the Decree of September last, the Viceroy has ordered the cessation in perpetuity of the sale of substantive official posts. The amount realized under this head in fourteen months was 172,290 taels.\n\nA strong movement in favour of modern education has lately shown itself among the wealthy and influential classes in Canton. A college for youths of the Banner force is under consideration. Mr. Summers, Professor of English in the Canton University, has been instructed to draw up a scheme for the Viceroy. Some wealthy scholars and merchants of Canton have also a scheme for the establishment of two modern schools, the funds being raised by voluntary subscriptions. The Viceroy, in promulgating the Decree of the 14th September last, ordering provincial schools to be converted into modern schools, took the opportunity of pointing out that, unless active steps in the matter are taken by natives of influence, the foreigner will inevitably step in: he added that little help was to be expected from official sources, and that he relied on the public spirit of the wealthy classes of Canton.\n\nPiracy. A District Magistrate, Li Chia-cho, locally known as Li Ka-cheuk, has 1,300 Braves at his disposition, and recently his force has been reinforced by two 14 to 15 knot torpedo-boats to patrol the creeks of the Shan-te district. Lu Wen-ching has also had his flotilla reinforced by two torpedo-boats. Arrangements are now being made by which the passenger launches and their towel junks are to be made to furnish their own protection. Ten soldiers, each armed with a carbine and revolver, are to be put on each launch and maintained by a small addition to the fares. The Chinese authorities say that the arsenal is completely empty of small arms, and they will require, therefore, permission to import 1,500 Mauser rifles and revolvers from Hong Kong.\n\nVice-Admiral Bridge has requested the Consul-General to apply indirectly to the Viceroy for orders to be issued to all guard-boats and stations to keep the Commanders of His Majesty's ships \"Robin\" and \"Sandpiper\" informed of any acts of piracy, so that they may be able to assist in hunting down the criminals. This will be done verbally lest any recognized scheme of co-operation should furnish an excuse for aggressive action on the part of the French.\n\nCanton-Hankow Railway.-Chang-chian-shun, one of the Chinese Managers of the Yueh-han Railway, as this line is called by the Chinese, is arranging in Canton for the commencement of the work. According to this official the American Syndicate guaranteed the whole of the capital, but as a matter of fact they have only provided about one-third, the remainder being taken up by Belgians, Russians, French, and English. The American Syndicate, however, is responsible for the total sum vis-à-vis the Chinese Government. The foreign engineers have not yet arrived in Canton. The position of the terminus is uncertain, but one of the conditions of the Huang-sha reclamation is that any portion of the reclaimed land required for the railway shall be ceded to them. The Huang-sha reclamation is proceeding rapidly, but the bunding and facing have not yet been commenced. The Manager states that at the edge of the present bank there is...",
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    },
    {
        "id": 386854,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "page_number": 309,
        "title": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "content_text": "## DOMESTIC\n\n4.\n\nThe application for a Concession for a railway to Tung-kun and Shek-lung is a new departure on the part of the French authorities. It is of importance in that, if granted, such a Concession to the Franco-Belgian Syndicate would clash with another proposal, already of some years' standing, for a railway from Canton to Hong Kong. Some particulars and correspondence respecting the latter scheme were furnished in despatch No. 2 from this Consulate-General in 1899, and in the Intelligence Report for the June quarter of that year.\n\nI may add that the United States' Consul has written to the Viceroy with reference to French applications for railways in Kuang-tung and Kwangsi, stating that, if any Concessions are granted to the French Syndicate, whether for single or double lines of railway in the two Provinces, such lines will sooner or later clash with those of the Yueh-han Railway Syndicate, and that he is therefore opposed to any such Concession being granted.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) JAMES SCOTT.\n\nMarch 22, 1902.\n\n### Inclosure 2 in No. 3.\n\n#### Viceroy to French Consul, Canton.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter pointing out that the present unseasonable weather will result later in popular suffering of a dreadful description; and that the best means of averting this will be to find work for the people and so provide them with a livelihood. You ask, therefore, that the Canton-Wuchow Railway, on the same terms as the Yueh-han and Lu-han Railways, may be commenced. You add that the Canton-Samshui section can be left in abeyance for the present, until some satisfactory arrangement can be come to with the Chinese-American (Yueh-han) Syndicate, but ask that the Samshui-Wuchow line may be first taken in hand. You refer also to another line of railway from Canton to Tung-kun and Shek-lung, to be constructed especially for passenger traffic, which you suggest should be also under the same conditions as the Lu-han and Yueh-han Railways, and ask that work upon this may also be commenced.\n\nIn reply, I would point out that the proposals of the Franco-Belgian Syndicate for construction of railways have been commented upon by my Foreign Office in a telegram to me as follows:-\n\n\"The application of the Franco-Belgian Syndicate contains certain provisos open to objection, and cannot therefore be granted on their terms. There is, moreover, no record of this matter ever having been sanctioned. If, however, the question cannot be otherwise dropped, let the Syndicate, as in the case of the Yueh-han Railway, discuss it with his Excellency Shêng.”\n\nI accordingly notified this message to you for communication to the Franco-Belgian Syndicate, that they might apply directly to his Excellency Shêng to conclude an Agreement on the basis of the Yueh-han Railway, and await its sanction by the Throne upon Memorial by the Foreign Office.\n\nThis matter must therefore be discussed by the Syndicate with his Excellency Shêng.\n\nAs regards the Kuang-chow, Tung-kun, Shek-lung line for passenger traffic, which it is proposed shall be on the same basis as the Yueh-han and Lu-han Railways, and which you ask may be started at once, I would ask you to first point out the starting-place and the locality of the terminus, and the methods which you propose for carrying out the scheme, when I will, after due consideration, communicate it to their Excellencies (the Foreign Office) for consideration. The matter is an important one, in which I have no power of decision.\n\n[Memo. Tung-kun and Shek-lung are the two large towns on the East River some 40 miles to the east of Canton, and the hinterland of the new territory of the Colony of Hong Kong lies somewhat to the south of them.]\n\n### Office or Individual.\n\n| Office/Individual | Date | Reference |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Foreign | 1902 | May |\n| ... | ... | `L(28)~52~~~20000-1, 3-19£` |\n| ... | 1938 | ... |\n\n### Next subsequent Paper.\n\n76857\n\n### (Subject.)\n\nIsland of Pratas\n\nC.O. 19462\n\nPec 17 MAY 02,\n\n### (Minutes.)\n\nMr. Lucas confidential desp. A.E Somniform O.A. G. in a C.P.L. 17/5 19 at once",
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    {
        "id": 386891,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "page_number": 346,
        "title": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "content_text": "## 3. A list of places at which launches are to anchor has been drawn up and submitted for approval to the Viceroy.\n\n4. The officers and men of the guard-boats are to be selected with particular care, and each man of the force must be guaranteed by people of good repute.\n\n5. The guard-launches at their various stations will in future, whenever a launch passes, signal to it to stop for inspection. If she still proceeds without heeding the signal they are to pursue her. If robbers are found on board they are to be handed over for trial and punishment to the nearest authority. If there are no robbers on board, and if the master has simply and deliberately refused to stop for inspection, note must be taken of the number and name of the launch, and report will be made to the Chief Police Office with a view to the infliction of a fine.\n\n6. Guard launches are being posted at all important points for the special purpose of exercising supervision over launches. The latter must in future proceed by direct and regular routes to their destination. If they follow by-routes or anchor at places where there is no guard-boat, and are plundered in consequence, the master (\"ch'uan chu\") will be responsible for compensation. In any case, he will be liable to fine.\n\n7. A system of patrol has already been devised, but having been now some time in force, it has proved unsuccessful. The officers concerned are now being called upon to consult together and devise some more satisfactory plan.\n\n## Visit of the Kao Lien-ch'in Taotai.\n\nCh'in Ping Chih, the newly-appointed Taotai of the Kao-Lien-Ch'in circuit (south-east Kuang-tung), which includes the Treaty port of Pakhoi, paid a visit to His Majesty's Consul-General before starting for his new post. Mr. Kung, the Viceroy's Secretary, stated that this officer had received special instructions with reference to the preservation of order, not to make his permanent residence in any one place, but to visit all parts of his jurisdiction in turn. He has been intrusted with a special force of 2,000 armed men and two armed launches, and has authority, should emergency arise, to employ any of the marine or land forces which may be within call.\n\n## Arrest of Prisoners on British Ships.\n\nThe Viceroy, upon the representation of certain military and police officers, has applied to His Majesty's Consul-General for permission to allow detectives and police officers to travel on board British steamers coming from Hong Kong to Canton, with a view to arresting in the ship, and before they can escape in the throng of landing passengers, or by jumping over the side, any criminals whom they may detect on board. It was pointed out that assent could not be given to any request of the kind, as such procedure would be altogether contrary to the privileges belonging to British ships.\n\n## \n\nDuring the past quarter, two persons accused of robbery with violence have been arrested in Hong Kong at the instance of the Chinese authorities, and they will probably within a few days be sent up under the Extradition Ordinances to Canton for trial and punishment, when the procedure established in the \"Perseverance\" piracy case will be adopted.\n\n## Local Taxation and Provincial Finance.\n\nA Board has lately been established in Canton by the Viceroy for the purpose of devising sources of revenue. It is called the Ch'ou Hsiang Chu, and the personnel is the same as that of the Shan Hou Chu—viz., the Treasurer, Judge, Salt Commissioner, Grain Intendant Taotai, and the chief local civil authorities of Canton. The following schemes, among others, have resulted from their consultations:\n\n| Scheme | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Li-kin on native opium | to be raised from 18-20 taels to 23-66 taels per picul |\n| Li-kin on tea, tobacco, and sugar | to be increased by 30 per cent |\n\nThe above has been approved, and the public have been notified by the head Li-kin Office by Proclamation.\n\n## Tax on prepared opium.\n\nParticulars of this tax were given in No. 25, General.\n\n## Tax on distilleries: \nWine distillers to pay 24 taels per annum on each still in their factories, with an additional charge of 2 taels for intercalary months.\n\nThis scheme was duly sanctioned by the Viceroy, and came into force in the first month of the present Chinese year.\n\nAt the beginning of January, the Hoppo called for a Return, showing the estimated increase or decrease in revenue on foreign imports which had resulted from the change of Tariff on the 11th November, reckoning up to the 31st December. The result showed an increase of 8,440 Haikuan taels over the estimated revenue for imports on the old basis.\n\n## Indemnity Matters (Confidential).\n\nThe following is a translation of a telegram received on the 3rd March by the Viceroy from the Grand Council (\"Chün Chi Chu\") on the subject of provincial contributions for the service of the indemnity:\n\n### Imperial Decree.\n\n\"Memorial received some time ago from Liu Kun Yi and others referred to the immense amount of the indemnity and the difficulty of raising funds to meet the instalments. They pointed out, however, that the increase of the tax on foreign goods to an effective 5 per cent. and the tax on foreign wines and provisions, in addition to the Native Customs revenues now passing through the Imperial Maritime Customs, will make, in all, an increase of about 4,500,000 taels. They add to this 1,000,000 taels on account of grain supply commuted for money payments, making, in all, 5,500,000 taels, which, they point out, represents about three-tenths of the total amount proposed by the Board of Revenue, and sanctioned by the Throne, as annual indemnity contributions from the provinces. Memorialists proposed, therefore, that these contributions should be reduced by 30 per cent.\"\n\nThis proposal was sanctioned at the time because it seemed likely that the funds raised during the half year would be sufficient for the service of the indemnity.\n\nPrince Ching (I Kuang) and others have memorialized, stating that the monthly contributions, as originally arranged for, must be paid in full, and that the proposed reduction by 30 per cent. cannot be allowed. The Tartar Generals, Viceroys, and Governors will, therefore, see to the provision of the sums originally decided upon by the Board as the contributions from their respective provinces, and make monthly remittances to the Shanghae Taotai, to be handed over to the banks in payment of the indemnity.\n\nAt the end of the year, when the foreign and Native Customs collections have been completed and the benefit of the grain tax contribution has been realized, it can then be seen whether the additional sums thus derived are equal to the amount of the proposed reduction, and if so, or if it is more than equal to that amount, then the proposed reduction can be made. This will avoid the danger of delay in payments due.\n\nJui Lu, Supervising Censor and Taotai in Chekiang, has memorialized proposing: (1) a tax on all shops throughout the provinces; and (2) a tax on prepared opium. The chief arguments which he brings forward in support of his schemes are:\n\n1. The salt revenue and Native Customs having been given as security for the indemnity loan, the provincial revenues will be so decreased as to be insufficient to meet the ordinary yearly expenses of administration, while anything like improvements and reform will be out of the question.\n\n2. A tax could be levied upon the shops of well-to-do merchants without inflicting any great hardship upon them. The tax could be levied in proportion to the capital and value of the shops. The Province of Chih-li, lately overrun by troops, could be exempt temporarily.\n\n3. The evil inflicted by foreign opium on China is great, and the check upon this is taxation. Even a heavy charge upon this article would not be in the nature of an injustice. Taxation on import would be extremely difficult to arrange, and if a tax on native opium be proposed, that would only extend the sale of foreign opium. The only plan, then, is to make a charge upon prepared opium.\n\n4. Memorialist hears that some such scheme has already been put into practice in Kiangsu and Hupei, and with great success as regards amounts collected. He begs, therefore, that the Board of Revenue be instructed to find out what system has been adopted there and whether it cannot be applied generally throughout the provinces.\n\nThe Report of the Board of Revenue upon this Memorial recommends the adoption of the proposal for a shop tax. With regard to a tax on prepared opium, they say...",
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    {
        "id": 386893,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "page_number": 348,
        "title": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "content_text": "## Commercial: the Native Customs.\n\nForces available for war and military movements. They have also a service of police for home work, composed of members of the ordinary population, who when on service status as soldiers but resume their civil character on withdrawing. These are called and renewed at regular intervals so as to equalize the incidence of the burden. Some such system must be adopted if it be desired to establish the country in strength.\n\nNow there are at present in Kuang-tung Province some 47,000 disciplined troops enrolled under the old standing army (Lu Ying, or Army of the Green Standard) for the upkeep of which costs about 2,150,000 taels. Any considerable addition to these forces would require very heavy additions to expenditure for which the Treasury is unable to pay. There are in addition 37,000 Braves.\n\nThe work of the Native Customs at Canton is now under the supervision of the Imperial Maritime Customs, and matters appear to be working smoothly, although the whole of the system and administration has not yet completely come under the control of the foreign staff, who are not at present sufficient to cope with the outdoor work of examination, &c. This is still carried on by the Hoppo's old staff, and though it is nominally under the control of the foreign staff, there has not been time to develop a satisfactory system of checks upon malpractices, which doubtless continue to exist.\n\nThe Tariff is gradually being assimilated to that of the Foreign Customs, and the result has been that many kinds of cargo formerly carried to and from Hong Kong in junks are now shipped by steamer. The import duties are the same for either way of shipment, and the steamers can in many cases offer better terms as regards freight. Waste silk and matting are the two principal exports thus affected.\n\n## Visit of Colonel Dessino to Canton.\n\nColonel Dessino, a Russian military officer, holding rank as Colonel de l'État Major, paid a visit to Canton at the end of February. He called upon the Governor and Tartar General, and for this purpose described himself as \"Imperial Russian Commercial Commissioner for Kuang-tung.\" The object of his mission was, he said, to see what possible opening there might be for Russian commerce, hitherto non-existent in this Province.\n\n## The Kerosene Oil Trade.\n\nMessrs. Arnhold, Karberg, and Co., agents for the Shell Transport and Trading Co., are now importing on their account large quantities of kerosene oil in bulk, which comes from Hongkong in a tank steamer, the \"Sabine Rickmers,\" and is made up in tins in Canton.\n\nSome anxiety is felt as regards trade prospects for this year; the customary rains have not yet fallen and it has been found impossible to plant the rice in many places where irrigation cannot be carried on. Fortunately, this is possible in most parts of the Delta, but in the west and north of the province, there are many districts which depend for water supply solely upon the rainfall, and anything approaching a rice famine would have a most serious effect upon the trade.\n\n## West River Steamers.\n\nIt is satisfactory to be able to record that the West River steamers \"Nanning\" and \"Sainam,\" which have been running at a loss ever since they were put on the river, made a profit of about 700 dollars as the result of their running during March. The improvement has been entirely on account of cargo.\n\n## Health of the Port.\n\nCholera has been very prevalent among the Chinese during the past two months, and many deaths have been reported. Matters have now improved considerably. The foreign community have suffered heavily, there having been six deaths among them from this disease, and two more from acute dysentery with choleraic symptoms.\n\n## Army Reform (Confidential).\n\nAs a result of the instructions issued in October last from the Central Government respecting changes in the army, the Board of Reorganization and the Military Bureau have jointly made report to the Viceroy submitting certain proposals for the application of the new scheme to the forces of Kuang-tung Province. The following is the substance of their Report:-\n\nWe would point out with reference to this subject that in the organization of foreign armies there are two chief divisions, the standing army and the reserve—these constitute the forces available for war and military movements.\n\nOn the other hand, if matters are allowed to continue in the present way, we shall become increasingly helpless. All we can do, under present financial conditions, is to remove from the army all useless persons, reform the discipline, and proceed to the energetic training and drilling of the forces now at our disposal. When, by these means, morale has been raised and a new organization introduced, it will be possible to remove time-honoured abuses and malpractices.\n\nAfter exhaustive inquiries and lengthy discussion with a view to the military requirements of Kuang-tung Province, we now have the honour to submit the following proposals:-\n\nThere should first be formed in Canton city a corps of infantry, one of artillery, and one of engineers, to be posted at various stations and continue their training there. These should constitute the nucleus of the new permanent force or standing army, should number 10,000 men, and be placed under the leadership of the Provincial General, who should remain in quarters with them. They should be divided as follows:-\n\n| Branch | Companies | Men |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Infantry | 12 | ... |\n| Artillery | 3 | 344 |\n| Engineers | 2 | ... |\n\nThe yearly expenses for such a force would be 430,000 taels.\n\nA separate force of 15,000 men should be trained to form a reserve in six main divisions, to be posted in detachments on the East, West, and North Rivers, and at the border stations of Chiu Chou, Lien Chou, and at Kao Chou and Ch'iung Chou. This force would cost yearly about 1,300,000 taels, and would be under the direction of the present military authorities at the places where they are stationed.\n\nFor the command of these two corps, careful choice should be made among those members of the present forces who have some knowledge of the use of fire-arms and artillery. The selection should first be made from the Li Ying or Army of the Green Standard, and if that source is insufficient, officers can be borrowed from the Kiangnan Chiang Brigade or Yüan Shih K'ai's standing army. Students from the Hunan Chün Academy can be brought to Canton to establish colleges attached to the various camps, so that the officers can from time to time take up courses of study.\n\nA separate Pay Department should be instituted, so that the officers can devote themselves solely to the training of the forces, and not have their attention diverted by other matters.\n\nThe duty of the police force would, of course, be to see to the preservation of order. The Green Standard Army, rid of its worthless and decrepit members, can be converted into such a force, which would number probably about 12,000 men.\n\nWe would beg your Excellency to submit these proposals to the Throne by memorial, and also to consult with the Tartar General respecting the question of whether the Banner Forces should be trained as a separate force or incorporated in the army.\n\nThe above plan is intended to be carried out in conjunction with the reduction by 20 per cent. of the provincial forces and Braves, as ordered by Imperial Decree last year, and with the disbanding of the Irregulars specially enlisted in 1900.\n\nM. Mandi and Count von Butler, agents for Messrs. Krupp and Sons, paid a prolonged visit to Canton during February. So far as can be ascertained, they have not succeeded in securing any contracts for the supply of arms.",
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        "title": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "content_text": "387 \n\nIn the Shun Tak District and that, in March of last year, he with several others extorted a sum of Tls. 40 from each of the four brick manufactories, Wan Ho, Hêng Ho, Chung Ho and I Ho. The original blackmail demanded had been a season's contribution of Tls. 100. The manufactories having refused to pay this amount, their stocks of firewood were burned by Kuan Kuei Hung and his confederates, which resulted in the payment of Tls. 40 by each of the firms to secure them from further molestation.\n\nIn June of last year, he confessed to having, with several others, stopped and demanded money from the passenger boats passing by the villages of Chi Li, Ho Fêng and Hai Tan T'ou, and to having carried off Mai Wan, one of the crew of a boat laden with bamboos, obtaining $200 for his ransom.\n\nHe admitted also to various piracies on passenger boats passing by Min Ho Hsü near Kuan Shan, but denied the charge of having pirated the Chên Ch'uan Kuan San licensed passenger boat.\n\nLa A Ch'ang admitted that he had seized and held to ransom Dr. Ng Sheung Hsin, by which he profited to the extent of Tls. 1,200.\n\nHe stated further that during 1897 he, with other members of his society, the Lien Hui I T'ang, had extorted a total sum of $20,000 from timber merchants in the Namhol District and at Fatshan, and that during the same year a yearly contribution ranging from Tls. 200 to Tls. 50 had been exacted from each of the various brick manufactories in Mai Lang Mai.\n\nThe crimes of this man are too numerous to be set out in full, but he admitted in evidence to one other case of seizure and ransom and to eight further charges of extortion, blackmail and robbery.\n\nIt will be seen from the above that the two men Kuan Kuei Hung and Lu A Ch'ang were criminals of the worst and most determined type. Their criminal career has extended over several years and the magistrate...",
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    {
        "id": 391130,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 91,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government]\n\nCHINA TRADE.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nNo. 1.\n\n87\n\n[April 18.]\n\nSECTION 5.\n\nMr. Townley to the Marquess of Lansdowne.-(Received April 13.) (No. 73.) My Lord,\n\nPeking, February 25, 1903. WITH reference to Sir E. Satow's despatch No. 286 of the 8th October last, I have the honour to transmit to your Lordship herewith a copy of a despatch which I have received from His Majesty's Consul-General at Hankow relating to the levying of li-kin on railway-borne goods and the refusal of the Lu-han Railway authorities to allow Chinese officers to enter their stations or go upon their trains to collect their dues.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nWALTER TOWNLEY.\n\n(No. 6.) Sir,\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nConsul-General Fraser to Mr. Townley.\n\nHankow, February 9, 1903. I HAVE the honour to report that the Lu-han Railway authorities persist in their refusal to allow Chinese Revenue officers to enter their stations or go upon their trains for the purpose of examination of goods and of prevention of smuggling. They offer to collect li-kin along with freight if given 15 per cent. of receipts for their trouble, and they agree not to receive merchandise on which li-kin has not been paid.\n\nThe Chinese doubt the effectiveness of supervision by the Railway and decline to hand over revenue collection to a mercantile Company.\n\nThe situation is made worse from the Chinese point of view by the facts that a branch line has been constructed from the Hankow Station to the godowns of a Swiss firm under French protection, and that the Germans insist on the immediate carrying out of the Viceroy Chang's former promise to supply a branch to the German Concession. Concessions may, as I warned the Taotai, when he asked me to induce British owners to surrender at a fair rate land required for the German branch, have to demand similar facilities. The result must be to deprive China of control of the collection of some part of her revenue, even if the native authorities venture to place a cordon on the Chinese strip of land between the Railway property and the various Concessions on which his Excellency Chang insisted.\n\nThe Taotai sent the Consuls a set of Rules to insure inspection of rail-borne merchandise at the special li-kin offices near the stations; but the Consular Body decided that, until informed of the arrangement between the Chinese authorities and the Railway Company which enabled the Rules to be enforced, they could not consider them.\n\nThe Commissioner of Customs hopes to induce the Taotai to propose a set of outward-pass Rules which press less heavily on merchants than the Chinkiang Regulations; and the general adoption of the use of passes since they cover produce both on and away from the Railway may diminish the appended loss of revenue. It is not surprising to find the Chinese officials indignant at the independent position assumed by the Managers of what is after all a Chinese Government line; but they cannot claim any sympathy for the result of their own deliberate action.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) E. H. FRASER.\n\n2\n\n[1934 n-5]",
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        "id": 391289,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 250,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "5\n\n246\n\nHsin Hsing is the only Yünnan woven cloth which can be depended upon for length, breadth, and evenness of texture.\n\nPonies and Mules.-I cannot doubt that if the Government of Burmah is inclined to take the matter up, Yünnan would in time become an important source of supply of mules and ponies; but it would be necessary to send competent and, I may add, patient officers into the breeding districts to explain the requirements of Burmah. Burmah gets the off-sweepings of Yunnan in the way of ponies-the halt, the maimed and the blind.\n\nAt present, for ponies, the best, but probably also the dearest, market is Yünnan-fu itself, where there is a much wider choice of animals than anywhere else.\n\nAt Hsia Kuan the number of ponies sold is small, but all over the part of Yunnan which I traversed, ponies and mules are bred in considerable numbers, and hardly any village is so poor as not to have a few ponies and donkeys.\n\nThe Chien Chang (south-west) corner of Szechuan is also an important pony-breeding ground, and I have seen a very few mules from the same district which would, I think, be large enough for batteries, prices asked being 60 to 80 taels (now 120 to 160 rupees).\n\nI also met several caravans of ponies (30 to 50 in each) en route from the Chien Chang to Burmah via the Kun Long Ferry; many were mares in foal, and for the rest their obvious destiny was to draw a ticca gharry in Mandalay. There is a steady movement of animals from these districts down to Yung Chang and Teng Yueh to supply transport for the Burmah and the salt trades. It is, however, very hard to get exact numbers, because animals are mostly privately sold, and not exposed on the open market, so as to avoid those official exactions which ruin the internal trade of China, and especially of Yunnan. One dealer, who was taking ponies to Mandalay from Hui Li, in the Chien Chang, told me that by dodging the cities and markets he managed to get across the province without paying taxes more than five times, or, in all, 4 rupees per beast, which represents about 12 per cent, ad valorem at his home.\n\nAt Hoching, five days north of Ta Li, there is a specially good class of mule engaged in the salt trade. He is hardly big enough for a battery, but he carries 215 lbs. over very severe mountain roads an average of 15 miles a-day, day in and day out.\n\nBut the main source at present of the Burmah pony supply is Chung Tien, ten days north of Ta Li, across the Yang-tsze, the inhabitants of which are Thibetans known as Ku Tsung men. I have not yet been able to visit their country, but it is stated to supply a large number of a strong, though not elegant, type of pony. They seem, however, not to thrive in a hot climate, and receive so little attention on their long journey down that they usually reach Teng Yueh in a very poor condition. Besides horse-dealers, a number of other Ku Tsung men come down to West Yunnan every year with beasts which they let out for hire for transport, and take back to their homes at the end of the spring.\n\nThe Fowl's Foot Mountain is near Ta Li.\n\nLeaving Pin Chuan by the North Gate, we followed the road down the valley towards the Yang-tzse for a mile, and then turning west across the stream which inadequately waters the plain, marched slightly west of north across downs and foot-hills which fringe the west side of the valley. The road is cut at intervals by several streams flowing from the mountains which shelter the east shore of the Ta Li Lake, eastward into the Pin Chuan Plain, and along these streams there is garden-like cultivation and picturesque villages. After three hours' march we crossed a road leading from Nui Kai to Wa Ch'i, a market on the east shore of the Ta Li Lake, whence a boat can be taken across to Ta Li Fu.\n\nPassing the market of Lien Tung, which is situated above the rich padi valley of Fu Tien Chuang, whose fields are mostly owned by the monks of the Chi Tsu Shan (Fowl's Foot Hill). On the grassy slopes near our camp, pheasants, quail, and partridges abounded.\n\nAll day long we had seen in front of us a huge hog-backed mountain rising up from the Pin Chuan Valley in a west direction across fifteen points of the compass, and terminating on the west in an isolated castle-like pinnacle, on the summit of which could be seen the white glitter of a temple.\n\nOn the next day we continued over-hill and down towards the great mountain, having on our left the range which hangs over the east shore of the Ta Li Lake, and after two and a-half hours' march we emerged from a forest into the beautiful valley of Sha Chi, which nestles along the south foot of the Fowl Mountain. The broad flank of the mountain is densely clad with forest, amid which may be discerned the roofs and pagodas of the lower temples, and a pellucid stream flows past the padi terraces of Sha Chi in an easterly direction towards the Yang-tzse. In the afternoon we ascended the hill to 7,800 feet through dense forest, and then, turning east along a good path, reached the beautiful temple of Shih Tan Ssu, entirely surrounded by virgin forest.\n\nThis is the residence of the Seng Cheng Ssu, or Controller of all the temples and monks on the hill. He administers corporal punishment, or in bad cases can expel the offending bonze from the precincts of the hill. The office is now filled by a pleasant old monk of about 60 years old, who has spent all his life on and near the hill, and, having lived through the Panthay rebellion, during which the temples were alternately and impartially pillaged by the followers of the Prophet and the followers of Confucius, has many tales of adventure to relate. At present he seems to be more interested in getting in his rents than in attaining Nirvana, and in the price of the drugs which his hill produces, than in the Buddha, the law, or the order.\n\nTwenty-nine temples are shown on a native map of the hill; they are all, with the exception of the summit shrine, situated on the south slope of the mountain, and buried in a magnificent growth of forest, but many are now abandoned and in ruins.\n\nFrom Shi Tak Ssu a good cornice road leads along the mountain slope in a west direction to Chin Lan Ssu (Golden Orchid Temple), which is at the foot of the west pinnacle. Besides this main road, there are wood-cutters' paths in all directions, and pleasant walks through the cool depths of the forest, where the stately silver pheasant and the elegant Amherst pheasant may be seen strutting in their native wilds.\n\nWhen the winter sun of Yünnan floods the whole hill with light, the view of forest and mountain is so superb that it is easy to believe that a spot so conspicuous, so accessible and so beautiful, must have attracted the religious devotion of men from the time when they were first moved by the conception of the spiritual or the sublime. Legend attributes the earliest temples to the Tang dynasty, and the Chi Kwang Ssu is even stated to have been founded by Han Ming Ti, who sent a Buddhist Embassy to India; A.D. 58. But, in point of fact, there is nothing in the buildings at present standing to take the dedication of the hill to Buddha further back than the Ming dynasty. The style of the architecture of these temples strongly resembles that of the Ming tombs near Peking, save that in some of them there are graceful bell-towers of wood built into the main structure on the right and left of the first court. There are also some good specimens of the ornate carved eaves, such as are to be seen in the British Legation at Peking, and these I take to date only from the early days of the present dynasty. From tablets and inscriptions still to be seen in the temples, it is clear that there was a powerful Buddhist movement in Yünnan in the reigns of Tien Chi and Wan Li of the Ming, 1573, 1621.\n\nMany of the wooden tablets are of great size, and of value as specimens of Ming calligraphy; it is said—and it is quite likely—that there were also valuable collections of altar furniture and pictures which were looted during the Panthay rebellion. In the Shih Tan Ssu, the residence of the Controller, are the usual Wan Sui, or 10,000 year tablets in honour of the reigning Emperor, and also tablets which are supposed to secure the prosperity of the high provincial officials, each of these dignitaries having a separate tablet with his titles and the characters \"lu wei\" (seat of official prosperity) inscribed thereon. Apart from this, the images in the temples are all purely Buddhist. The three precious Buddhas, representing the Buddha, the law, and the order, Kuan Yin in a side shrine, and the Ju Lai Fo, are the commonest of the idols. The usual Chinese heroes and demi-gods are conspicuous by their absence. Thibetan influence is very marked, and, indeed, the impulse of Buddhism probably came here from Thibet. The walls have been scribbled over with Thibetan script by pilgrims from the north. Thibetan charms dangle from the walls, and the main court of Shih Tan Ssu is adorned with Thibetan tiles.\n\nIn all the chief temples morning and evening services are celebrated, but there is little or no knowledge of the faith among the Bonzes. The total number of the holy men on the hill is about 300; the Shih Tan Ssu has about thirty and Hua Yen Ssu forty.\n\nThe rents of Shih Tan amount to 300 piculs of grain yearly, derived from lands in the neighbourhood. Hua Yen Ssu is also fairly well off, but on the whole the Bonzes have fallen on bad times and begging, or the subscriptions of visitors at the end...\n\n[2021 - 1]",
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        "content_text": "14\n\nmenced a long and gradual ascent up a broad open slope to the south by an excellent road. Indeed, most of the roads in this part of Yunnan are very good as compared with the high road to Burmah.\n\nAfter five hours' march, by which time we had reached 9,900 feet, we passed over into the Mekong basin. There is no water to be got on this ascent, and, consequently, no villages. On reaching the top of the pass an extensive and characteristic view of a large part of West Yunnan was unfolded. At our feet, 1,800 feet below us, was the narrow valley of Chien Chuan, and beyond it a series of regular parallel ranges capped with snow, and running north and south we descended into the valley that afternoon, and struck the main road from Ta Li to Wei Hsi.\n\nJust north of the hamlet of Po Chueh, where we camped, there is a beautiful tarn of rich blue water, which has been banked up as a reservoir. From Po Chach to Chien Chuan is an easy day's march down the valley (south), which is not over a mile in breadth; the villages which fringe the foot-hills on both sides become larger and more numerous as we approach the city, where we were put up by the hospitable official.\n\nJust south of the city the valley opens out into a wide and roughly-circular plain, closed by high mountains on the south, or Ta Li side. This plain is some 3 miles wide, and very fertile. A large part of it is occupied by a large lake.\n\nThe whole district (\"chou,\" or sub-prefecture) of Chien Chuan is officially stated to contain 10,000 families, of which two-thirds are located in the main valley which we bad descended. The city population is about 7,000, and the streets are crowded on market day. The country folk are nearly all Minchia, but they speak Chinese and wear Chinese dress. There are no export products here, except a little surplus rice. The people are lazy, and get enough to live on from the padi-fields without planting winter crops. In fact, the only industry is charcoal-burning.\n\nIn September 1902 Chien Chuan valley was visited by an alarming earthquake; about fifty persons are said to have been buried under the ruins of a village 4 miles south of the city, and the yamên itself was left in such a crooked, cracked, and dilapidated condition that it presents an excellent type of the Government whose Representative dwells within its walls.\n\nThere is only one small outlet for the waters of the Chien Chuan valley: this is at Tien Wei, 15 li to the south of the city. The Mahommedans at Ta Li, during the rebellion, reduced Chien Chuan by damming up this outlet and so flooding the whole place. Throughout the dry season the padi-fields near the lake are deep in wet mud, and this condition attracts vast numbers of wildfowl, especially mallards. The sportsman who does not object to being occasionally stuck in the mire can walk up wildfowl in the stubble like partridges at home.\n\nThe Chien Chuan people, though they have no industries, have a temper of their own; and they have hitherto successfully resisted the establishment of li-kin or Prefect's tax stations in their valley.\n\nFrom Chien Chuan across the Mekong and Salwen Basins to Teng Yuch.\n\nWe left the city of Chien Chuan by the south gate, with the intention of making as straight a line as possible to Teng Yueh, passing near the west limits of Chinese jurisdiction, and gaining some knowledge of the great parallel ranges which run north and south, near the banks of the Mekong and Salwen Rivers.\n\nA good paved causeway runs down the valley south of Chien Chuan. At 1 mile the road to Tien Wei and Ta Li, which passes near the lake, divides off to the south, and we turned south-west to the village of Lo Yu, situated in the foot-hills which fringe the valley. From this point we took a last look at the snowhill of Lichiang (which is a conspicuous object from the Chien Chuan valley), and ascended through open, hilly country past a series of small tanks, where water is stored for hill cultivation. Extensive views of the mountains to the east and south of the Chien Chuan valley are obtained, until we entered a narrow, wooded gorge, and, passing a col (8,100 feet), descended to the clean little village of Shih Tzu Chiao. From this point we enter the valley of Yang Ts'en, which is half a mile wide, and runs east and west for 4 miles, containing half a dozen villages and some good padi lands. From the west end of this valley we commenced an ascent, and stopped at the mountain hamlet of Shui Tzu Ping. In the course of this day's march we had seen nothing but Minchia.\n\nOn the 3rd January we began, from Shui Tzu Ping, the first of the great ascents which intervene between Teng Yueh and the Yang-tsze basin. This pass is known as\n\n15\n\nrange which\n\nthe Shih Chung Shan (\"Stone Bell Hill\"), and takes the traveller over the forms the west boundary of the Chien Chuan Lake basin. The pass is 9,900 feet high, and is distant from Shui Tzu Ping 4 miles, or 12 hours for laden mules. The road is littered with a dilapidated pavement, and leads through dense forest the whole way. At the top of this trying ascent we found two old gentlemen living in a hut, and a cock pheasant living in their cabbage-garden. The former supplied us with information and the latter with dinner. The descent on the west side to the valley of Lan Chou is down an exceedingly steep and abrupt spur for 1,600 feet, and then by a stream in a close gorge to the village of Chiang Wei (which boasts a police-station), and across a stream out on to the valley.\n\nThe Lan Chou plain is watered by the head streams of the Yangpi River (which is crossed at Yangpi, the tenth stage from Teng Yuch on the Yünn m-fu road). Further south the river receives the outpourings of the Ta Li Lake, and finally joins the Mekong.\n\nThe valley of Lanchou consists of broken country with a number of small mamelons. It is about 8 miles by 4 miles, and contains a dense population of Miachia in about two dozen villages.\n\nThere is a market at Ma Teng. We put up at the village of Kan Ho Tien, at the foot of the formidable range on the west of the valley. This range we negotiated on the following day. Owing to the presence of a variety of \"spooks\" it is considered to be the most formidable pass in this part of the country. If the traveller while ascending utters the word \"cold,” he will be at once seized with a deadly chill, if not frozen stiff; if he utters the word \"hunger,\" he will be at once griped with an excruciating stomach-ache.\n\nCO\n\nI was warned against going aside from the road for any necessary purpose without taking my bearings with a compass, and observing the position of the sun lest I should offend the Shan Wang,\" or Deity of the hills. Though all this must be true, as it was told to me by Lanchou men who are constantly making the ascent, we found The the \"Yang Lu,\" or road of the sun, as it is called, by no means a difficult pass. ascent to the top from Lanchou took three and a-half hours' steady marching up a broad road partly paved. The summit of the pass is 12,200 feet. At the foot of the hill are fir shrubs, and higher up bamboo scrubs and rhododendrons. At the top is a hut where fatigued travellers are regaled with hot sugar and water. The last 1,500 feet of the ascent was over snow and ice.\n\nOn the right of the pass, and quite 2,000 feet above it, is a bare inaccessible-looking peak. The range divides the Yangpi River basin from the main stream of the Mekong. It also forms the west boundary of the district of Chien Chuan, and on the west side of the range we re-enter the extensive district of Li Chiang Hsien, which includes the right bank of the Mekong.\n\nFrom the top of the Yang Lu Pass a fine view is obtained of the great mountains on the west side of the Mekong, forming a regular and majestic range, whose feet are washed by the tributary waters of the Salwen and Mekong, which flow on the west and east of it. In January there was at least 1,000 feet of snow on the range, but in summer it is said to disappear.\n\nThe descent from the Yang Lu Pass in a west direction is down a convenient slope with a stream on the left and majestic spurs swelling down to the plain on both sides of the track. At 9,500 feet there are broad patches of cultivation on the hill-sides and little hamlets of log huts inhabited by Lisaw and Minchia; the marketing is done chiefly by the women here; the Lisaw ladies are conspicuous by their dirty white hempen kilts and the shells in their head-dress, while the Minchia women wear turbans and long cotton gowns.\n\nAt miles we reached the valley of Pei Ti Ping, an irregular strip of broken land surrounded by mountains and watered by a stream which flows into the Mekong soon after leaving the south end of the valley. There are a few Chinese pedlars to be seen on the market of Pei Ti Ping, but the bulk of the people are Minchia, who are engaged in the salt trade, and own a considerable number of mules,\n\nOn the 6th January we crossed the last range which separated us from the Mekong. The road formerly led past ninety-nine hills, ascending ninety-nine terraces, guarded by ninety-nine dragons, but this fearsome stage need no longer be made, as Yang Yu Kuo, the famous General who took a prominent part in the recapture of Ta Li from the Panthays, made another road across the mountains, which is much frequented by salt This road is well paved, and runs in and out and round about through the range, which is of a different character from the mountains which we had crossed. The first part of the day's march was spent in deep gorges between precipitous limestone\n\ncaravans.\n\n251",
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        "page_number": 260,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "Name of Place. Distance- In Miles. In Hours. Remarks.\n\n(Tai Ho Tsun to) Po Chuck 18 7\n\nChien Chuan 15\n\nShui Tzu Ping 14\n\nKau Ho Tien 16 7\n\nPei Ti Ping La Isi (salt wells).. 17 Near Ying Pan Kai\n\nHsiao Tsa Chu 16\n\nLamati 12\n\nKu Li 12\n\n::: 14 7\n\n# Tsao Yao.. 12\n\nMino Wei 14\n\nFei Lung Bridge Tou Tao Shao 14\n\nLab Pan Teng 17\n\nSouth, out of Lashi Plain, over a pass, and descend to Úbien Chuan Valley.\n\nSouth, down valley,\n\nSouth and west, out of Chien Chuan Valley, and west through broken country,\n\nOver a pass, west, into valley of Yangpi River (Lan Chou Plain).\n\nWest, over a high range, and down to small valley. West, over a well-wooded range and descent down a gorge.\n\nWest, down gorge to banks of Mekong.\n\nAlong east bank of Mekong.\n\nAlong east bank of Mekong.\n\nCross Mekong and down west bank past Tu Wo.\n\nDown west bank, past Piao Tsuen.\n\nDown west bank.\n\nDown west bank.\n\nDown west bank for 6 miles; then west, into hills. Over high range; descend west, across Teas Chiang Plain and into hills on west side of it.\n\nWa Ma Market 16\n\nOver into Salwen Basin, and camp in hills to east of river.\n\nMan Ying Kai 19\n\nLan Pa, near Hui Po 54\n\nChiao Tou Market.. 2\n\nKai T'ou 19\n\nB *\n\nKa Tang.. 19\n\nDescend to Salwen, 12 miles; cross, and up west bank.\n\nCommence ascent of range on west bank of Salwen.\n\nOver Ma Mien Pass and descend into Irrawadi (Shweli) Valley.\n\nDescend Shweli Valley.\n\nWest, over into valley of Ming Kwang River, and then south to Ku Tung.\n\nTeng Yueh 22 9 Due south.\n\nNovember 16, 1902.\n\nRoute Sketches of Journey in North-West Yünnan.\n\nNote. Neither my time nor my skill were sufficient to enable me to draw full and accurate maps. I have at several places been able to check my sketches at points fixed by the surveys of Indian officers.\n\n(Signed)\n\nG. LITTON.\n\nPage ...\n\nLung Kai $700 Ft\n\nR. Yangtse\n\nMa Kai 4000 Ft poor and mountainous country\n\nHao Chi pa No. 1.\n\nYUNNAN FU TO TA YAO; THE SLOPE TO THE YANGTSE.\n\nScale, 1 inch-8 miles.\n\nWu Ting Chou 5900 Ft poor and mountainous country\n\nLeng Fan Chiao 6900** pass\n\nChi Kai\n\nChe Pei\n\nLu Feng\n\nLine of Trade Route from Burma,\n\n...................ckú Hsiung\n\n(60.7) 1903, 1238)S.W.China-Vol.\n\nFu\n\nAnning\n\nFu Min\n\n5600 Ft R. (drains Funnan Lake)\n\nYunnan Fu 6400 Ft\n\n- 25° 15'\n\n256\n\nHeron & Sons, Lith. S: Marius Lane L\n\n- 25°",
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        "id": 392343,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-322 - Acting Governor May - 1904 [1-5]",
        "page_number": 362,
        "title": "CO129-322 - Acting Governor May - 1904 [1-5]",
        "content_text": "360\n\nBid od wield anojnels MG Ron) 19JJAL 8 10 goldejament\n\n.J819Aut 30912 pi9195x?\n\n.Hour\n\n.CC PLOOK! TOY\n\nAROJ 16191 Jasuper) anga, eri snad etri lu\n\n279LICANSOJE act.198 ejl Jsið Jort 413 of swani quta7on 943 3\n\nMixed 1990 evrð, tdez00 £394401ved enllo DEGUTAM Sid at -(emotiot ee 918 19id #on* 1 2* **l es eJoni sat .siduund old sort street to feob at esk\n\n,**<>loiannia MÍJ 193#JAJ autaijo to edonone11ft rand eved 20.5 (lejeving „Bollo dɔok at 291dound sdi ad Lates&\n\n.9108 10is -pad Jiwood anetsued wij daad Dies 204 JL 6918is 1803 190 1 gerde al 10 B2-4uo piau sbnon *-ido at (2918ta 9d3 10 ALTHAJ -alized or federalt asið sið Jeid tur jabard desin914 AI JIMI 28* Bild JP37 901e Javƒ „Youden vid J{ 093192009 Teved 28# (pá) noj ovni (nerale* DNE 180179ai) anɔIJA) Ond Bid to atebiodaouda sắt JJ 900 (1)8812 81 Ji bae midstod (floor *1ow of BIGRAM #790 su ¡berts5u eki #tujjut 8u01192 ul Jedd Jibens a’asenet .1% unu) os caue diara Beijiworldņi bae #lowond eʼtric .17 lo sound Larastotoude all gone dotato do sonoqe**i* ad? of bætudezJJE 80 VJ Vatel ** *1 39i* 、、8b 14130 old or 992 od 9180 108981 .TU seo sid de hur becil 8 ad donde at aɔijeudie Jiuorilib mid -40 947 MS MTX190 1*01 2yon Wldraelis 2 bajesuque ad æld 118 10 TU-men (:) -131\n\n•\n\n+\n\nto sched all at wafema1 Asada Bij 9¢ 1 =141 and 118 1919bu997v8 1913 208\n\nMIJNS AND 4990 med ud sustish 80s allwolle (nej100 metai8S tral (ousi cox4 tot 191 (3) 10 (us)donjeajo mij bar 191JNGD\n\n10102\n\nfirmly with the matter recognising only the American Company as\n\nentitled to do the entire construction work and the American\n\nDirectors to manage the Company and allowing no other person to\n\ninterfere therein. If (a) and (b) are not practicable suggestions\n\nthere remains (c), viz:- divide the construction work into two\n\nparts, one under the American Company and the other under the\n\nBelgians such division to be defined and approved by the Director-\n\nGeneral.\n\nIn my humble opinion the reason why the\n\nconcession of the Canton-Hankow Line was given to the Americans\n\nlay in the fact that America has never given China any trouble,\n\nand would never attempt to weaken China's sovereignty in the con-\n\ntrol of this railway. Its Government is strong and can be used if\n\nnecessary against aggression by the Belgians and French on the\n\nLu Han Line. This is no doubt your own views. If the American\n\nCompany surrenders its concession to the Belgians there will be\n\nendless troubles and people will say that both the Northern and\n\nSouthern trunk lines must fall into the hands of the Russian and\n\nFrench. Therefore proposal (a) cannot be accepted. With regard\n\nto (c) and the division of the railway, it seems on the surface\n\nto be a fair way of dealing with the shareholders of the two\n\nnationalities and calculated to prevent trouble. It is, however,\n\nthe American Company which has entered into the contract (with us)\n\nand when the American sold their share they never notified us; now\n\neach side wants to obtain more power. This is certainly a matter\n\nwhich must be settled by the shareholders themselves; it is not\n\npossible for us to recognise the Belgian shares; therefore propo-\n\nsal (c) appears to require careful consideration. As to (b), viz:-\n\nthat only American and no other nationality will be recognised as\n\nentitled to exclusive control of the construction work, it is, I\n\npresume, workable and in accordance with the agreement. Kindly\n\nX2\n\nadvise",
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    {
        "id": 394583,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-325 - Public Offices & Others - 1904",
        "page_number": 573,
        "title": "CO129-325 - Public Offices & Others - 1904",
        "content_text": "C.O\n\n570\n\n32877\n\nLE CANTON-HAN-KAU RAILWAY.\n\n(FROM OUR SHANGHAI CORRESPONDENT.)\n\nIn order to understand the actual position of affairs in regard to the southern section of the great trunk line which is to connect Peking with Canton, and to appreciate the international importance of its unsettled questions, it is necessary to go back to the earlier history of this railway, in order to throw light on some of the factors determining its inception. The story is a long one, complicated by intrigue from the outset, typical enough of the methods and results of commercial diplomacy in the Far East and illustrative of the helpless ignorance of Chinese officialdom. The earlier history of this railway and the details of the silent struggle for its possession maintained since 1898 are known in their entirety to few. They are recorded, no doubt, after the Chinese manner, in the archives of Sheng Ta-jên, Director-General of Chinese railways; but there are blanks in these archives, lacunæ significant of Chinese methods which can only be completely filled by knowledge of many widely-separated interests, individuals, and intrigues working secretly in Washington, New York, Brussels, Peking, and Shanghai. To tell the whole story là requires a volume. Complete information on certain points of detail is not to be obtained without assistance from Sheng Ta-jên and the representatives of King Leopold in New York; nevertheless, such a résumé of the situation as can be given in this article may be useful.\n\nLet us begin at the beginning. When, at the close of 1896, the construction of the northern line from Peking to Han-kau was successfully urged upon the Throne by Chang Chih-tung and Sheng Hsüan-huai, the original intention of the Tsung-li-Yamên was to build it with Chinese capital. It was admitted, however, in a joint memorial by the two officials above-mentioned in December, 1897, that the Imperial Treasury had been unable to find the funds required, and the following passage from the memorial in question explains the steps suggested and subsequently carried out.\n\nYour memorialist Sheng had the intention of employing American capital for the construction of the Lu-kou-chiao-Han-kau line, but afterwards when the American Washburn came to China, his conditions were too hard to be accepted, and consequently negotiations were broken off. Your servant was thus constrained to negotiate with Belgium. By electing thus our privileges would not be lost, nor would ill consequences follow. But Belgium is a small country, and her strength is inconsiderable, and often she has pointed out that she is hardly a sufficient guarantee for the loan.\n\nThe question is not yet decided, but we have hopes that subsequently some compromise terms may be adopted at last, though the question is extremely difficult. If another scheme must be adopted for raising funds for the southern line, there are grave objections to entrusting either England, France, or Germany to undertake the work, and your memorialists suggest that Wu Ting-fang, the Minister at Washington, should be communicated with. He is a Cantonese, and will not fail to do his best to find a scheme.\n\nA preliminary contract for the Han-kau-Peking line was made with the Belgian syndicate in 1898, subsequently modified, and finally ratified in August, 1898. The details of that final agreement, rightly regarded by the British Government as a breach of faith by China, have been published. The undertaking, loudly proclaimed at the outset as a purely Belgian affair, was recognized, when too late, as a political intrigue wherein the influence of Russia had been powerfully exerted with the active co-operation of Li Hung-chang. Though Sheng was fully aware of the facts—it is certain he has not infrequently denied it—there can be no doubt that Chang Chih-tung was bitterly disillusioned at the result of negotiations with Belgium, \"the small country whose strength is inconsiderable.\"\n\nChang's negotiations with the Belgian syndicate at Shanghai were concluded under instructions from Peking by the signature of the Peking-Han-kau contract in June, 1898. The contract, however, required ratification by the Tsung-li-Yamên; and in May the British Government, warned by the Peking Correspondent of The Times, had instructed Sir Claude MacDonald to oppose it on the ground that it was an offset to press for the concession of the proposed Shan-hai-Canton line to England. On June 9 Lord Salisbury telegraphed to the Minister as follows:\n\nWith reference to your telegram of May 28, her Majesty's Government entertained objections to the Han-kau-Peking line when they originally heard of its being granted to a Russo-Belgian syndicate; when there is likelihood of the Russo-Chinese Bank, which is tantamount to Russia's Government, financing the southern section of that railway, that objection is greatly increased. A concession of this nature is no longer a commercial enterprise, and becomes a political movement against British interests in the region of the Yang-tze.\n\nYou should inform the Tsung-li-yamên that her Majesty's Government cannot possibly continue to co-operate in a friendly manner in matters of interest to China if, while preferential advantages are conceded to Russia in Manchuria and to Germany in Shan-tung, these or other foreign Powers should also be offered special openings or privileges in the region of the Yang-tze.\n\nThese words were written at a time when the Yang-tsze Valley was understood to mean something more for Englishmen than a geographical expression and an empty boast. They did not, however, prevent the Tsung-li-Yamên from ratifying the contract which two months later was rushed through, as the British Minister reported, by the influence of Li Hung-chang, combined with strong pressure on the part of the representatives of Russia, France, and Belgium.\n\nIn March, 1899, the prospectus of the loan for the Peking-Han-kau Railway was issued in Brussels, from which document Chang Chih-tung and other patriotic Chinese learned, first, that three-fifths of the money raised for this purely Belgian commercial undertaking was French; second, that the \"Société Belge pour l'Étude de Chemins de Fer en Chine\" was half French; and, third, that the \"Société Belge\" in question claimed that \"in the event of the contract with the American syndicate not being finally arranged, they have a preferential right to the Han-kan-Canton line.\"\n\nBefore the ratification of the Peking-Han-kau agreement, and in pursuance of the views contained in the memorial of 1897 above quoted, a preliminary contract had been made and signed at Washington between the Chinese Minister and an American syndicate (April 14, 1898) for a loan of $4,000,000 to construct the southern line (Han-kau-Canton). The Belgians had endeavoured to obtain this concession, and there had been a faint-hearted attempt to secure it by the British Legation; Chang Chih-tung had, however, finally determined that in America alone could capital be found unconnected with political and territorial ambitions. His experience in the Peking-Han-kau concession, for which he has never ceased to denounce his colleague Li Hung-chang, produced its direct result in the supplementary agreement (July, 1900) for the southern railway. Therein, to prevent against further dangers from the Continental Powers, he caused the following clause to be introduced:—\n\nThe object of making this supplemental agreement of equal force with the original agreement is to permit of the benefits being transmittible by the American company to their successors or assigns, but the Americans cannot transfer the rights of these agreements to other nations or people of other nationality. It is further agreed that without the express consent in writing of the director-general and the American company no other rival railway detrimental to the business of the same is to be permitted, and no parallel roads to the Canton-Han-kan line are to be allowed to the injury of the latter's interest within the area served by the Canton-Han-kan line or branch lines.\n\nThe intentions of this clause are clear, and as a precaution it was well meant. It has, however, been violated, and the rights and interests of the undertaking have now become practically vested in the Belgians, or in those behind the Belgians. It resembles in fact the Belgian administration of the Persian Customs, with equally obvious political methods and objects.\n\nThe organizers of the original American syndicate, formed in 1895 to exploit \"grants and concessions in China,\" laid stress on the political advantages enjoyed there by Americans. Among the subscribers and holders of the 55 original shares (£1,000 each) were several prominent financiers and capitalists of the United States, and the first president of the company, Senator Brice, was undeniably sincere in his desire to direct American capital and activity towards China. It was certainly because of confidence in the expressed intentions of America to help China in her progress, and with a view to avoid any further complications with the European Powers, that the syndicate received the energetic support of Chang Chih-tung.\n\nPage 10\n\nPage 10\n\nPage 10\n\nTHE TIMES,\n\nX,\n\nPage 363\n\nPage 363\n\nPage 363",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-325 - Public Offices & Others - 1904.txt",
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    {
        "id": 394585,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-325 - Public Offices & Others - 1904",
        "page_number": 575,
        "title": "CO129-325 - Public Offices & Others - 1904",
        "content_text": "inadmissible. In a recent interview with Shêng I obtained from him a definite statement that the present claims are without foundation; nevertheless, there is, as I have said, good reason for believing that he has been a supporter of the Continental syndicate throughout, and that only the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese war has prevented the elimination of the small remaining American interest in this southern trunk line. And, if the Cabinet at Washington has decided to recognize this Belgian-controlled undertaking as an American corporation, the fact is undoubtedly due to Shêng's adroit diplomacy.\n\nHerein, of course, lies the crux of the matter. The Chinese Government's present inclination is towards cancelling the Washington contract, and in this it is actuated partly by recognition of the strong views held by Chang Chih-tong and the Hunanese officials and partly by alleviation of Franco-Russian pressure at Peking. If, however, the United States Government decides to recognize and protect the syndicate as an American corporation, the Chinese Government's position becomes extremely difficult.\n\nIt is on this question of protection that the whole matter really rests. General Whittier and the Belgian stockholders assert that the corporation's international status is not affected by the fact that the controlling interest has ceased to be American; they gravely cite precedents of foreign stockholders in other American corporations and refer especially to the Panama Railway Company. They overlook, however, and the United States Government appear to have overlooked, the essential fact that in China foreigners and their property are extra-territorialized by treaty, and that it becomes, therefore, the duty of the American Government to intervene if necessary for the protection of American interests or individuals. The Chinese Government appears to realize this fact better than the American. It realizes that Belgian control must eventually entail Belgian personnel, and therefore Franco-Belgian diplomatic and other pressure, and it fails to admit the possibility of the United States Government's continuing to concern itself seriously in an undertaking from which American capital and initiative have been eliminated. It recognizes the fact that the duty of protection must vest in the Government whose subjects control this important undertaking.\n\nThis essential fact was recognized by the founders of the American company at the outset; for in an agreement of co-operation made with a British syndicate in December, 1898, we find it stated that the two companies believed \"that the Governments of their respective countries, by uniting in the assurance of protection of the rights of their respective subjects and citizens, on which they have hitherto relied in embarking capital in foreign countries, will afford an effectual force for the protection of such enterprises.\" (Page 325, Blue-book of 1899.) It was equally recognized by the Chinese Minister at Washington in 1898 and by Chang Chih-tung, who saw in the advent of American enterprise in South China a welcome means of checking the political aims of the European Powers. Even recently (November, 1903), Sir Chentong Liang, the present Chinese Minister at Washington, said in a letter to Shêng Ta-jên:\n\n\"In my opinion the reason why the Han-kau-Canton Railway concession was given to the Americans lies in the fact that America would never attempt to weaken China's sovereign rights in the control of this railway. The United States Government is strong, and could be used, if necessary, to oppose aggression by the French and Belgians on the Lu-Han line. If the American company surrenders its concession to the Belgians there will be endless trouble.\"\n\nThe whole question is, therefore, one of protection of foreign extra-territorial rights in a Chinese Government railway, a question complicated enough in itself and rendered doubly difficult by the vast political interests involved. That the spirit of the American agreement has been violated by allowing the Belgians to obtain control of the undertaking is certain; and the Chinese would therefore be well advised either to cancel the contract or to insist on a clear definition of its American nationality and an undertaking by the United States Government to maintain the same unimpaired.\n\nPage 572",
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    {
        "id": 394714,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "page_number": 51,
        "title": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "content_text": "6\n\nwatered by the two head branches of the Shweli or Lung Chiang, locally known as the Ming Kwang and Ta T'ang Rivers respectively. Further north, beyond the headwaters of the Shweli, the country is not under China, but is inhabited by independent Kachins and Lisaws. Ta T'ang is the furthest point of Chinese jurisdiction north of Kai Ton, though I was informed that Chinese traders are settled in the Lisaw tracts still further north, and especially at a place called Langsu, three days from Kai Ton.\n\nMoving east out of the Kai To'n Valley and the basin of the Shweli we pass the Ma Mien Kuan into the Salween system. Along this river the Chinese seem to be settled further north than was commonly supposed. They state that north of the great suspension bridge there is comparatively little malaria, and that Chinese can live near the river banks. The riparian population is, however, of a mixed character.\n\nAt the Salween we enter the country of the Tuan clan; this important Chinese family is descended from an ancestor who possessed himself of this part of the country, as I was informed, some seven or eight generations ago. It is now split into five branches; the head of each branch is a \"tu'ssu,\" with his Chinese title and his appropriate position in the Chinese hierarchy of officials; the following is a list of the places of residence of these five brothers:-\n\nTeng Keng, on the west bank of the Salween, about 30 miles, or two days' journey north of Meng-ku Ferry, .., in approximate latitude 25° 58′ north.\n\nMao Chao, on the west bank, two days further north, on about the same parallel as Tu Wo (see below).\n\nLu Ku, on the east bank, about 4 miles below Teng Keng.\n\nLao Wo, in the hills, a short day's journey to the north-east of Lu Ku.\n\nChiu Chou, on the west bank of the Mekong, 8 miles below Fei Lang Bridge, or approximate latitude 25° 45′ north.\n\nThe first two of the above five \"tu'ssu\" are subject to Yung Chang and the last three to the Sub-Prefect of Yun Lung and through him to Ta Li; Yun Lung City is one long stage east of the Mekong at Fei Lung Bridge.\n\nOther \"tu'ssu\" on the Salween are Lien Ti, on the west bank, some 12 miles north of Meng Ku Ferry; this is a Chinese \"tu'ssu\" named Yang and Lu Chang, a small district between Teng Keng and Mao Chao, with, I believe, a Shan \"tu'ssu\" named \"Cha.\" Lien Ti, Lu Chang, Teng Keng, and Mao Chao are all between the River Salween and east of the range on the west bank. This takes the Chinese up to about latitude 26° 10′ on the Salween, but north of that point the Salween Valley appears to be wholly out of control.\n\nOn the west bank of the Mekong, in about latitude 26° 10′, is an important \"tu'ssu\" named \"Lo;\" he is a Minchia and has an extensive strip of territory along both banks of the Mekong and over the hills to the east of it. He has also claims over the wild tribes of the Lou Tzu, who inhabit the great range between the Salween and the Mekong to the north of La ku, Lao Wo, and Tu Wo; but the Lou Tzu are far from recognizing his supremacy, and fighting of a kind is now proceeding.\n\nGoing north along the Mekong, beyond Su Wo, which is subject to Li Chiang, it appears that the whole of the east side of the river, but only the foot hills on the west bank, are under the ordinary jurisdiction of the Li Chiang Magistrate, or, further north, of the Wei Hsi Magistrate, but the upper slopes of the west bank range are under no sort of control; even on the east bank, near Wei Hsi itself, it is admitted that the control of the Mandarins over the Lamas and Thibetans is very slight. However, there is a small post of troops at Tse Ku, on the west bank near latitude 28° north, where there is a Catholic Mission, and the Wei Hsi Sub-Prefect has claims to the allegiance of several districts to the north and west of his city; as I did not visit Wei Hsi, but only heard of these claims from the Prefect of Li Chiang (Wei Hsi's official superior), I regret that I cannot give details.\n\nThus, Chinese jurisdiction may fairly be said to extend from Manung Pun in an easterly direction along the headwaters of the Shweli or Lung Chiang River; thence along the foot hills on the west bank of the Salween to about 26° 10° north latitude; thence east across the mountains by Lao Wo to Tu Wo, on the west bank of the Mekong, and thence north along the foot hills on the west bank of that river.\n\nThe disturbances which took place last year to the north of Tien Tang Kwan point to a pressure of Chinese population in a northerly direction beyond the headwaters of Shweli.\n\nFrom the above remarks on the present administrative frontier of China, I would\n\n7\n\nbeg permission to deduce the suggestion that a Boundary Commission of the same owing character as those which demarcated the south district would be out of place. Owing to the distance from the base, the extreme difficulty of the country, and the great likelihood of armed conflicts with Kachins and Lisaws, it will be hugely expensive, and, further, it is unlikely to be effective. On the other hand, I would point out that in the country to be dealt with there exists a series of boundaries, already marked out by Nature, and I would suggest that by negotiation one of these may be declared the boundary, and that then the question would be settled beyond the possibility of doubt, and without any expense at all.\n\nOf such natural boundaries only two need, I think, be here considered. The first would give all that Burma would require or could fairly claim, and, if attainable, would be a satisfactory solution of the question. It would read somewhat as follows: \"From Manung Pun, the most northerly point of the present frontier, the line will continue in a north-easterly direction, following the crest of the range forming the water-parting between the Taiping or Ta Ho and the Shweli or Lung Chiang on the Chinese side, and the Irrawaddy (N'Maikha branch) on the British side, until that range joins the main range forming the water-parting between the Irrawaddy and Salween Rivers. From this point the frontier will follow the crest of the latter range in a northerly direction to latitude ??\"\n\nThis is in effect what the Government of Burma, on the strength of an arrangement between Sir Claude MacDonald and the Tsung-li Yamên in July 1898, now regards as the provisional frontier, but I would remark that the Chinese officials in Yunnan by no means recognize it as such. It is violated every season by Chinese, whose proceedings, it is true, are not formally authorized by the Yunnan Government, but whose presence on N'Maikha, will, when it comes to demarcation, infallibly be put forward as giving China a claim to that region. I am doubtful if the Yunnan local officials have ever really been informed of what Burma regards as the provisional boundary, or that any protest against the presence and proceedings of Chinese in the undelimited tracts has ever been notified to the Chinese officials.\n\nThe second boundary is the utmost I suppose that Burma could under any circumstances yield, i.e., the N'Maikha or east branch of the Irrawaddy and the frontier line would descend from Manung Pun to that river at a point to be agreed upon. Either of the above frontiers might be laid down by Treaty in Peking or London and the necessity of a Commission be obviated. Burma would then be able to proceed at leisure to extend her administration up to the line laid down.\n\nUnless speedy and firm action is taken, serious difficulty is to be anticipated in securing Frontier No. 1, and it is to be expected that China will put forward claims far more than No. 2—in fact, that they will claim Kâhmti and want the boundary to be west of that valley.\n\nThere are, however, grave objections to granting the Chinese even as much as the N'Maikha (Frontier No. 2). The weight to be attached to these objections can be properly estimated only by the Burma officials, but I may point out that these objections are the following:---\n\n(1.) Frontier No. 1 would give Burma practically all the Kachin country; it would therefore be a good ethnological line, which is a matter of some importance.\n\n(2.) The Upper N'Maikha is not well known, and it might be hard to say which of many possible headwaters should be considered as the main river. Therefore Frontier No. 2 would leave the door open to future difficulties.\n\n(3.) It is highly unlikely that any of the country on the east bank of the N'Maikha is suited for permanent occupation by Chinese peasantry. If it were, much of the objection to Frontier No. 2 would be removed, as Chinese peasants are good and peaceable neighbours; but as it is, if this strip of country is given to China, it is likely to become a jumping-off ground for raiders, filibusters, and smugglers, both Kachins and Chinese, who will be beyond the control of Burma, and render the work of administering the Trans-N'Maikha very difficult. It is safe to say that the Yunnan Government is too feeble and corrupt to undertake the efficient control of so difficult and distant a country.\n\nFrontier No. 1 would do no real harm to China: no Chinese inhabited village would be given up—in fact, the less wild country is given to China the better, not only for her neighbours, but also for herself. The Chinese Government never really gets an administrative grip of any district where Chinese peasantry cannot settle. If, therefore, China is to come down to the N'Maikha, Burma must be prepared either to have her frontier repeatedly insulted, or to keep up an expensive line of posts along the N'Maikha. China, though diplomatically treated by us as a civilized Power, is not, in point of fact,\n\n49",
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        "title": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "content_text": "£. to express abhorsal flair Camphill's proceedings \n\ngreat \n\nthis matter.\n\nhopes decided \n\nCase \n\nY \n\ntur \n\nLyttelton \n\nthat the punishments \n\nupon \n\nthe \n\nAh er guilty \n\nparties will be inflicted \n\nwith out loss \n\nof \n\ntime \n\nLau \n\nCR B \n\nclosure ca \n\nbut with these \n\n123687 and \n\nR \n\no printed under One mbes \n\nReg or Individual.\n\nforeign \n\n1904 \n\n19 July \n\nprevious Paper.\n\nMO \n\nJu255 \n\nNo 24.372 \n\n(Subject.) \n\n[Rad \n\nHowlvon- Canton Railway \n\ndeep \n\nC.0. \n\n347 \n\nDOMESTIC. \n\n24372 \n\n9 \n\nJUL 041 \n\ncopy days from Peking ropy terms granted by French colony of Indo China to be to construct line from Laokai to Junnan-fu: \n\nbr Fiddes \n\nun.\n\n(Minutes.) \n\nthis appears of the dosp. which ban already red form the OS.\n\nLu \n\nam \n\nYas. at once \n\nIt might be \n\n12mm \n\nput by BU \n\nsubsequent Paper",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "page_number": 370,
        "title": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "content_text": "4\n\nmountainous country. In easy country Lisaw transport is far inferior to mules. If the Lisaw smokes opium at all, he generally smokes it badly. He will sleep out anywhere, and will snore all night with nothing but a piece of goat skin between himself and deep snow, at a height of 9,000 feet.\n\nI had no sort of trouble with any of the Lisaw with whom I had to deal, and I should say that they are easier to get on with than Kachins.\n\nThe Lisaws are scattered and disunited, and are not I think capable of serious resistance to any one. The Lisaw \"rebellion\" which occurred two years ago in this part of the country was purposely much exaggerated by the Chinese mandarins in search of buttons and promotions.\n\nOn the 7th March, we marched east from Lan Ma, following up the stream and over a wild mountain range by a pass known as Kan Tsai Ling (8,700 feet). From one point in the ascent there is a fine view of the Kan Liang Pass and of the range which forms the British frontier. We then passed back into the Shweli Basin and descended through forest, with the monastery of Ying Feng Ssu, a well-known place of local pilgrimage, perched on a conspicuous wooded spur 3,000 feet above us on our right; descending further we struck the valley of Tien Tang, or the west branch of the Shweli River, near the small market of La Hsing. Like all the upper waters of the Shweli, the river is 30-40 yards broad, very clear and cold, and nearly everywhere fordable in dry weather, and only 1-3 feet deep, flowing swiftly over a bottom of slippery stones. The valley of the Tien Tang is about 14 miles broad, and is well peopled and cultivated.\n\nFollowing up this valley we passed into the territory of the Tien Tang Headman Tsai, about 14 miles before reaching Ying Pan Market, which consists of forty wattle bamboo huts. The Headman's house is near this, and he came out to see me.\n\nHe represents the eighth generation of Chiefs of Tien Tang, his ancestors, who were of Chinese origin, having established themselves at Tien Tang in the reign of Hung Wu of the Ming dynasty. Like all other Chinese Chiefs in this country, his ancestor was a military adventurer. The little territory of Tien Tang is divided into six \"pai's,\" or parishes, each containing four or five hamlets of five to twenty families. There are not more than 300 families in the whole of Tsai's jurisdiction. Tsai himself is a dirty, opium-smoking Chinese, of about 45 years of age, in no way to be distinguished from the ordinary villager. I gave him some whisky, which he appreciated, and he then supplied me with a number of details concerning the country round about. Finally, after having commissioned his nephew, a squat youth in straw sandals, to look after me, the Lord of the Valley shambled back to his opium couch with a bottle of his new Scotch acquaintance under his arm.\n\nWe continued up the valley by a good road, and camped at the hamlet (ten families) of Ta Ping Ti, on a terrace 300 feet above the Tien Tang stream. This is near the north end of the valley, and there is a good view of the hills forming the crest of the N'maikha watershed.\n\nThe next day, passing the village of Ma Li Pa (thirty families), 14 miles from and 250 feet below Ta Ping Ti, we ascended an upland valley in a northerly direction. On both sides of Ma Li Pa the tops of the hills were covered with snow. The track which we followed was good, even for mules, right up to the crest of the water-divide at the pass of Pan Wa, 8 miles from Ta Ping Ti. After Ma Li Pa we only passed one village about 6 miles from the pass, but there were extensive patches of cultivation, and the valley, until close to its head, was open, and covered with bracken and pine trees. This road is often followed by Lisaws and petty Chinese traders. The first village on the N'maikha side is said to be Chang Yin Kot, which is about as far from the Pan Wa divide as Pan Wa is from Ta Ping Ti; 7 miles farther on is Lu Pi. Both these are Lisaw villages.\n\nFrom Pan Wa Pass there is a view of the head of the valley of the Chipway tributary of the N'maikha, and of a range of snow-clad peaks known as the Chung Shan, which must be at least 12,000 feet, jutting out from the water-parting towards the N'maikha. The most conspicuous peak bears due north from the Pan Wa Pass, which on the Tien Tang or Chinese side is overshadowed by a high peak of about 10,000 feet, which hangs over Ma Li Pa. The Chipway is known to the Chinese as the Chih Fei River. The N'maikha seems to be generally unknown to them under that name, and they refer to it as the Ta or Chin Chiang (\"great or gold river\"). The Lisaws from the head-waters of the Chipway are said not to number more than 100 families. They come to Tien Tang to get supplies, as one would expect, seeing that the Pan Wa Pass is easy travelling in comparison with the Kachin country below them. Mules can get as far as Lu Pi by this route, but not beyond, into the Kachin country near the N'maikha, without previous road repairs. Walking could, it is said, get from Tien Tang to the banks of the N'maikha in four days, but few or none of the Tien Tang people seem ever to have been so far. Parties of Kachins, however, come to Ying Pan market two or three times a year to purchase iron, which is mined in small quantities in the valley near the Ta Ping Ti.\n\n5\n\nThe Tien Tang branch of the Shweli has three head-streams:\n\n1. The stream which comes from the Pan Wa Pass.\n\n2. The Mo Shih Ho, a brook a little to the west which springs from the same mountain from which flows the chief sources of the Chipway River.\n\n3. The main source flows from the hills north of Ta Ping Ti, at a point on the watershed just opposite the Chung Shan, and, passing the hamlet of Hei Tzu Wan, joins 1 and 2 at Ma Li Pa. There is said to be a difficult track, impassable for mules, over the watershed at the back of the Hei Tzu Wan to the Chung Shan.\n\nOn the 10th March we climbed up the steep hills east of Ta Ping Ti, through patches of cultivation, to 8,800 feet in 2-1/2 hours' march, and so descended by a broad, cultivated, lateral valley, with several villages, into the Ming Kwang Plain. Heavy rain caused us at 12:30 to take refuge in a temple at Shang Ho Si, the last village before debouching on the plain. This pass is easily practicable for laden mules. The next day we crossed the Ming Kwang branch of the Shweli, and ascended the Ming Kwang Plain for 6 miles, passing the dirty little market of Ying Pan Kai, to Tu Chai (\"main village\"), the residence of the Tso family. The plain is from 1 to 2 miles broad; the river was 45 yards wide where we forded, and 1 to 3 feet deep. It is fordable nearly everywhere in the Ming Kwang Plain. Along its banks, as along the banks of the Tien Tang stream, there is abundance of good camping ground, grass, fuel, and water, and of such ordinary supplies as rice, maize, fowls, ducks, mutton, cattle, in sufficient quantities for a small party.\n\nThe Ming Kwang Valley is now divided between two \"fu yi,\" or hereditary Chiefs. Lower Ming Kwang is the patrimony of the Yang family, who have their headquarters at I Ya Tang, a village on the opposite side of the valley to Shang Ho Si, and about 1 mile below it. Their portion of the valley is divided into three \"fan,\" or parishes—upper, middle, and lower—and consists of about seventy hamlets, with 6,000-7,000 inhabitants. There is much padi and other cultivation and a considerable head of cattle in the valley. Many of the people are engaged in the cutting and transport of wood from the surrounding hills to Teng Yueh. The ancestor of the Yangs is said to have been a military official who came from Teng Yueh in the Ming dynasty. The Yangs have now little more than an empty title, and the people of this part of the valley pay the ordinary land tax to the Teng Yueh Sub-Prefect.\n\nThe Upper Ming Kwang Valley belongs to the Tso family, but they have only about fifteen villages, with a population of 300 odd families. The present \"fu yi,\" or Chief, is a youth of 18, and is the son of Tso Erh Kuan (Tso the Second), who was killed at Hpare in Mr. Hertz's affair, in February 1899. The affairs of the family are now managed by the brother of the late (uncle of the present) head of the family. I was well received, and lodged in the Tso clan ancestral temple, where the various members of the family came to visit me. Their temple is at the back of their yamên, which is a filthy and rambling structure resembling a succession of pigsties; the village, of some seventy families, consists of hovels made of bamboo wattle, but there seems to be abundance of cultivation and supplies. It is, however, clear that the political and economical affairs of the family are in a very decadent condition. The \"regent\" is a man of some intelligence but of little energy, except in pulling at his opium-pipe; and I doubt if Burma will ever have any further trouble from the military aspirations of the Tso clan.\n\nMost of the Tso clan's peasantry are \"nu shou,\" or crossbowmen, who do not pay ordinary land tax. It would appear that they were originally a sort of limitrophe colonist, whose lands and status were recognized by the Chinese Government on condition that they defended the frontier. The Tso family is a branch of the Teng clan, originally seated near Chengtu, in Ssuchuan, but which early moved to Tsao Chiang, in the Mekong Valley, and in the Yun Lung Sub-prefecture of Yunnan. The name was then changed to Tso. At the end of the Ming dynasty Tso Wan Hsiang came from Tsao Chiang, and carved out as his patrimony the upper Ming Kwang Valley, from which he expelled Lisaws and others. It is also to be noted that there are vague traditions of Burmese (not Shans) having formerly inhabited parts of this country. Tso Wan Hsiang gained the honorary and hereditary title of \"Suan Fu Su,\" generally conferred only on Chiefs of the first class, and his descendants bear the title to this day. The present youth is twelfth in descent from the Wan Hsiang.\n\nPage 367",
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        "content_text": "10\n\nbelow To To) was Mao Chao on the right bank, the seat of a petty Chinese Chief, but that the Mao Chao people who have to cross the range must descend along the river and start from Teng Keng. But one day's march up the river north of Mao Chao is Cheng Kan; here there is said to be a very difficult track used only by Lisaw coolies carrying salt over the range into the Kachin country of Pai Pa (a name which I cannot identify, but it is probably near the headwaters of the Laking Kha, tributary of N'maikha).\n\nAs to the Salwen Valley beyond Cheng Kan (which should be in about north latitude 26° 40′)I could get no definite information save that it was inhabited by wild and famished \"black Lisaws,\" who looted travellers and were under no sort of control by anybody. None of the local Chinese had ever attempted to go so far, and in fact it was a country beyond the perception of the popular consciousness.\n\nOn the left bank of the Salwen, in the far distance, we saw some very lofty mountains which were covered with what appeared to be perpetual snow.\n\nWe descended from To To to the Salwen, passing along the side of a spur which bangs over a small stream along the banks of which is the path leading from the Salwen to the Pien Ma Pass. The bed of the great river where we struck it in latitude 25° 50′ north is at an altitude of 3,000 feet. The water had already lost its rich winter blue, and was a dirty grey, discoloured probably by melting snows. The summer rains turn the water to a muddy yellow.\n\nFrom the village of Ch'a Shan, on the river bank, we marched for two days along the right bank of the Salwen. The weather had cleared at last, and the Lisaw porters suffered severely from the heat. The road along the right bank is perfectly good for mule traffic, but the population is apparently scanty, being hidden in villages situated in the folds of the hills higher up. At 2 miles from Ch'a Shan we stopped for a mid-day halt at Teng Keng, a Chinese village of twelve houses with a tumble-down yamên, the residence of the local Chief, a Chinaman of the Tuan family, which has five branches; the head of each branch respectively rules the scanty territories of Chiu Chou, on the Mekong; Lu K'u, Mao Chao, and Teng Keng, on the Salwen; and Lao Wo in the hills between the two rivers. The territory of Teng Keng is said to contain 1,000 families, though I am bound to say that I take this to be an exaggeration. The present Headman is a boy of about 14, the sixth of his line. His affairs are managed—or, rather, mismanaged by his relatives. Mao Chao is said to have only 300 families, while Lu K'u is stated to be twice as extensive as Teng Keng. The Chief of Lu K'u lives in a fairly well-built village, 5 miles below Teng Keng, but on the opposite or left bank. There is a ferry here served by a boat. Marching past the Lu Ku ferry we camped that evening at the village of Lai Mo subject to the ordinary jurisdiction of the Yung Chang official, and situated in a horseshoe-shaped padi valley by the river bank. On the 22nd we reached Wan Chiao, situated in a similar valley, after passing only two small villages in the day's march. On the 23rd we followed two sharp bends of the river and emerged on to the valley of Man Yin, where there is a small and dirty but important bazaar. There is no market anywhere in the Salwen valley north of this.\n\nThe left bank of the Salwen, between Teng Keng and Man Yin is very thinly populated, as lofty and precipitous cliffs descend nearly straight to the water's edge.\n\nThe part of the Salwen valley through which we passed is known as Shang Chiang (upper river). On the Burmah map attached to the N'maikha Exploration Column's Report this is written \"Sanjang,\" and by error is marked as being in the Shweli Valley. From Man Yin we again passed the main divide by the tedious but well-trodden Ma Mien Kwan (10,500 feet), which is daily traversed by salt porters. The weather had by this time cleared, and snow only remained in small patches. Descending into the Shweli Valley we were glad, after a tiring excursion of six days to rejoin the camp which had come down from Ta Chu Pa to meet us at the west foot of the Ma Mien, which is only two long marches by the direct route from Teng Yueh.\n\nOn the 25th March we moved north to explore the Ta Tang valley, across the head of which we had passed while ascending the west slope of the Salwen divide. The Ta Tang Valley comprises little or no level plain land, but is broken up by spurs and foot-hills jutting out from the Salwen divide. The country is well-wooded and fertile, copses and pastures affording a pleasant variety to the padi fields. Numerous streams descending from the divide give perennial supplies of water, and the peasants are numerous and well-to-do. Indeed, the idea that the part of Teng Yuch which is close to our frontier is sparsely populated must be abandoned. The only valley suitable for Chinese cultivation which is still uncultivated by them is the head of the Upper Ming Kwang and Ta Chu Pa valley, and even there a few families of Chinese squatters have already begun to put in an appearance. I should think it extremely probable that in a few years' time the Chinese peasant will spread across the divide into the upper slopes of the M'maikha basin.\n\nThe Headmen of Ta Tang are two brothers of the Liu clan. Though the whole of the valley from Shan Yao tax station, at the foot of the Ma Mien, northwards, is known as Ta Tang, the Ta Tang Headmen only control the upper head of the valley, or about 350 households, the other villages being under the ordinary jurisdiction of Teng Yueh. The Headmen reside at two villages of twenty houses each situated close to each other at 12 miles from Shan Yao; they are rather less out-at-elbows than the Headmen of the other valleys.\n\nIn the afternoon of the 26th March we forded the Ta Tang River, and camped at the end of a romantic gorge along which we marched the next day in a northerly direction. In two places the track was blocked by rocks, and loads had to be unsaddled; otherwise the going is easy. At 7 miles from Ta Tang, and after an easy ascent to 7,500 feet, we reached a col and passed again into the Ming Kwang valley. Descending through thick bamboo jungle, at 9 miles we struck the Ming Kwang stream at the Lisaw village of Shé Li Shu, and from this point returned to Teng Yueh by the Ming Kwang valley and Ku Tung market.\n\nII. Claims of Chinese Headmen in the N'maikha Basin and observations thereon.\n\nI did not think it advisable to discuss with the Teng Yueh officials or with the local Headmen the nature and extent of their claims in the N'maikha basin, nor did I think it prudent myself to pass over into that basin. I do not wish to indicate that I should have run any great personal risk by so doing; indeed, the coffin-wood people were most anxious that I should go with them to the Ngar Chang; probably they wanted the protection of a foreign rifle. Further, I had no escort of Chinese soldiers with me, as they would, with their customary insolence, infallibly have got to loggerheads with the Lisaw Headmen, to whom I trusted for guides and for my personal safety, but as I was by way of travelling in China and under Chinese auspices, I thought that any extension of my journey towards the M'maikha might open the door to future misunderstandings.\n\nI collected, however, a good deal of information regarding these claims from Chinese and Lisaws who are constantly going over the watershed; the particulars given me by different people in different places agreed so well that I venture to think that I can now submit an accurate account of what these claims really are. If in future the Yunnan Government puts forward more extensive demands, we may, I think, safely put down such as fraudulent afterthoughts.\n\nI would, in the first place, observe---\n\n1. That the statement made in London by the late Sir Lo Feng Lu, to the effect that it is well known that in this region the frontier of China is the Irrawadi (i.e., N'maikha branch) is wholly without foundation. On the contrary, it is well known, and was asserted to me, both by the Tso family and by all the local people, that the lower slopes of the hills on the left bank of the N'maikha-\"Langsu,\" as they usually call it, \"where money is not known \"-are wild man's land, and under no control whatever by anybody.\n\n2. It is to be noted that there is no a priori reason why Chinese influence should not in the past have reached beyond the head-waters of the Shweli into the N'maikha basin. Of course, the watershed is, from the geographical point of view, quite unmistakable, but communication over it is not by any means so difficult as to prevent intercourse. Indeed, it must always have been much easier for people starting from an upland valley like Ming Kwang, at 6,000-7,000 feet, to get across these easy passes to the country about the upper waters of the left-bank tributaries of the N'maikha than for people ascending through difficult mountain tracks from the low level of the N'maikha itself.\n\n3. There are at present no villages within some 6 miles of either side of the watershed, and there are no regular settlements or villages of Chinese on the N'maikha side at all. On the other hand, the Ming Kwang people have long been in the habit of crossing over on trading expeditions. Though their notions of geography are hazy, they know the names of the villages, the distance from village to village, and similar details with some approach to accuracy,\n\nPage 370",
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        "content_text": "471\n\n4\n\non the shores of the Koko-nor. The Chinese complain of the difficulty of obtaining the musk in its pure state owing to adulteration by the tribesmen, whom they report as being most expert in injecting blood into the \"pod\" containing the secretion directly after the animal is killed. It is, however, an open question whether the Celestials are not themselves the worst offenders in this respect; anyway, musk when it reaches Shanghae is said to contain 20 per cent. and over of foreign matter. Lu-jung, or deer horns in velvet, is a much prized medicine among the Chinese; but the quality of horn obtainable at Sungp'an is reported as inferior to that coming from Tachienlu and Kuan Hsien.\n\nC\n\nLive Stock. The tribesmen around Sungp'an go in extensively for raising sheep, oxen, and horses, the grassy slopes of the hills, in addition to the moorlands of the Amdon, providing most excellent grazing ground for their flocks and herds. The figure for beasts given in the table is the number sent down annually to supply the markets of North-Western Szechuan, including those of the Chengtu Plain. A fine, full-grown sheep can be bought at Sungp'an for 1.30 taels, the smaller ones for 9 mace. Goats are a little more expensive, the price ranging from 1.20 taels to 2 taels a-head. Besides those exported, some 7,000 sheep annually are slaughtered at Sungp'an. Oxen and yaks fetch from 5 to 7 taels each.\n\nWool—Large quantities of this staple must be used by the tribesmen for the manufacture of the serge cloth (called by the Chinese \"Pu-lu\"), which is worn by all, not excluding the Llamas and women. Of the amount of the wool sent south but a minute proportion is used by the Chinese; it is only in fact within late years, since the foreign demand became known, that there was any trade to speak of at Sung'an in this article; and the wool purchases now made are mostly on account of foreign firms. Owing to this new demand, the local price of wool has increased to more than double its former figure, i.e., from 5 taels ten years ago to 10 to 11 taels, the present price per picul. The wool sent down is said to contain quite 25 per cent. of dirt, and, it might naturally be asked, considering the cost for transport and li-kin before it reaches Chungking, why means have not been devised to have it properly cleaned at Sungp'an. I purposely brought this point before the leading merchants, and they informed me that the matter had been well considered; and, although the place offered facilities for the establishment of cleansing houses, the water of the river was too cold to work with locally. If this to them-insuperable difficulty could be got over they would be able to pack the wool well and cheaply ready for direct shipment abroad. The present practice is simply to separate, as it arrives from inland, the better and cleaner quality wool from the rest before making it up into rough unprotected bundles for conveyance south by coolie or mule.\n\nTea—This is by far the most important on the list of articles brought up from the south for sale to the tribesmen, it being in fact to them an absolute necessity. The stuff, however, is hard to recognize as the staple from which is brewed \"the cup that cheers.\" The contents of the bundles I saw opened resembled more than anything else a packed collection of dried twigs, while the infusion obtained from them is as unlike one's idea of tea as it is possible to conceive. These things, anyway, are a matter of taste, and the cheapness of the twigs is a consideration. The better quality tea comes from the Kuan Hsien district, and is invariably packed in large square matted parcels (\"pao\") containing 120 catties. Each of these \"pao\" is valued at 8.00 taels, but the purchasing price at Kuan Hsien (untaxed) is 1.10 taels. The supply coming from the Shih Tsuen districts is packed in smaller parcels holding 66 catties, valued in Sungp'an at 2.50 taels each. The trade is a monopoly in the hands of the five Ch'a Hao, or tea hongs, which also control the chief business of Sungpan besides. The names of the four chief hongs are Feng Sheng Ho, I Ho Ch'uan, Pen Li Sheng, and Ting Li Yuan. Branches of these establishments are maintained in the commercial centres of Chengtu, Kuan Hsien, Mien Chow, and Shih Tsuen, and other places. The head offices are managed, with one exception, by Mahommedans, who are looked up to by all with the greatest respect. The control of the tea traffic supplying Thibet is vested in the Yen Ch'a Tao at Chengtu, and all packages are supposed to have a label bearing the characters \"Yin Ch'a\" stamped with his seal. The number of these \"Yin p'iao\" issued annually does not exceed 30,000, and the tax for each \"p'iao\" is 1.20 taels to cover one package, two small \"pao\" being reckoned as one. I heard, however, that by a mutual concession the Ch'a Hao have agreed to take up and pay for 28,000 \"p'iao\" annually if they be supplied with 30,000, and further, so long as the monopolists do not overdo it, a matter of 5,000 packages more can be conveyed up without any impost whatever. Thus the burden of taxation is considerably lessened for the tea hongs, while the Government derives a certain revenue from this source of 33,600 taels a year, and is spared the trouble and expense of the upkeep of an efficient controlling staff. On account of the difficulty of being always able to obtain a sufficient means of transport and stoppage of traffic, which not infrequently happens through a spell of rain making certain sections of the road impassable, the tea hongs have established depôts at Mao Chow and Ping-ting-kuan, where tea is stored to meet any unforeseen demand. From Sungpan the tea is conveyed inland on the backs of yaks under the charge of a Chinese employé of the Ch'a Hao, or of a trusted Hsifan agent. Caravans are regulated so as to proceed in fairly strong numbers. The men accompanying them being well armed, they are thus enabled, if necessary, to keep off roving bands of robbers, who are said to be ready to pounce on and pillage any party they think they can overcome. These caravans return laden with the different merchandise for which they have exchanged their previous cargo, and the profits made on transactions seem to be sufficient to compensate for the length of time, sometimes nine months, capital has to remain idle. The Manager of the principal Ch'a Hao told me that his firm had always as much as 60,000 taels up-country in merchandise. The hongs do not, as previously stated, confine themselves to business in tea alone, but dispatch by caravan any other goods from which they think profit can be made.\n\n5\n\nTransport. To and from Sungp'an the carriage of merchandise is done by coolie and mule over an extremely difficult road, which, however, could be greatly improved if a little money were expended on its repair. When a landslip or fallen boulders make places quite impassable, an effort is made to patch up the damage, the expense being defrayed by subscription collected from the village inns whose business is in danger of suffering from the loss of passing traffic. The workmen also levy a toll of a few cash from passers-by during their work, which, when finished, is anything but really satisfactory. The Sungp'an merchants complain bitterly of the state of affairs existing, and several of them begged me to represent the matter to the Viceroy in the hope that something might be done to lessen this drawback to trade. The cost of transport from Kuan Hsien to Sungpan by coolie is 3,200 cash per man, while for a mule it runs up to 5 taels. The former will carry, as a rule, 120 catties and take thirteen days over the journey, the latter bear burdens of 240 catties and are a little quicker. Mule transport, however, is not always procurable, and the head muleteers, who are not at all to be depended upon to carry out their contracts, frequently drop goods en route to enable them to take up a better chance offering, and then come back to continue with those they have for the time being left lying. So bad has this custom become, that merchandise will sometimes take as long as six months to reach its destination. The difficulty in securing transport is the reason why there is always a large stock of wool stored at Sungp'an, for it is the class of cargo the least liable to damage by being kept, and other merchandise has therefore the preference of carriage. Whether it would pay the larger firms to run their own mule caravans and thus be independent of the gang of muleteers is a moot question, I think, although the merchants themselves emphatically assured me that it would not, and that they consider it the better plan to lessen the evil existing by the establishment of depôts en route. The yaks, however, employed exclusively for the inland transport belong to firms engaged in the up-country business, and the drivers are always Hsifans. It may be here mentioned that carrying coolies on the road are invariably Chinese, the tribesmen never being seen with loads on their backs.\n\nLi-kin.—Before concluding, I will add a few words on the subject of li-kin. The total sum reported to the Throne last year as collected for the province under the head of Pai-Ho li-kin was 500,000 taels, while the cost of its collection ran up to 10,000 taels. Salt li-kin was reported at 2,000,000 taels, and that for opium, 900,000 taels. It was only in the year 1894, at the instigation of the then Viceroy, Lu Chuan-lin, that Barriers were erected at the two rope bridges, but were instantly demolished by the people, who refused compliance with the new levy. No drastic steps were then taken to enforce obedience, but, at the present moment, Weiyuan are deputed to collect li-kin at both these places, and they do so now without any opposition. This additional impost has, however, diverted a lot of the trade from Sungp'an, which now branches off at Mao Chow for Chung-pa and Mienchu-hsien. I was unable to get a tariff of this li-kin, which appears to be collected without method or rule, and merchants complain of great extortion as they speak of the time when the barrier outside of the north gate of Mao Chow was the only li-kin station between Sungpan and Chengtu. This Mao Chow barrier levies a Sanfei, i.e., three expenditure li-kin (expenses for Crown litigation, travelling expenses for officials on duty, wages of \"chai-jen,\" &c.) on all goods from Mao Chow, and also...",
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        "content_text": "570\n\n4\n\n\"Little\" and the \"Great\" East Gates. The western limit of this, the first suggested \"Gare de Yunnan-sen\" is a paved road that runs due south at about a third of a mile from the eastern wall, and joins at right angles a second and wider stone road coming from opposite the approach to the South Gate.\n\n33\n\nThis latter road crosses by the \"Bridge of Victory\" a stream that may be destined to play a not unimportant part in the coming commerce of Yunnan-fu. The stream will be seen to meander through the plain from the local Black Dragon fount - there is a Hei-lung-t'an near every place of consequence in Yunnan - on the north-east till it strikes the city precincts near the Little East Gate.\n\nThence it runs, not far from the wall, in a fairly straight course till it is well past the city, after which it resumes its wandering ways until it is finally merged in the Yunnan Lake. Meanwhile, about a mile south of the city, it has put out a channel running westward, a channel that also eventually leads to the lake. The new gare will be found marked as extending along the east of the parent stream, from the Bridge of Victory to the parting of the channels. I may mention here that I have just been told by my colleague of France that this emplacement of the \"gare\" has been accepted by the local authorities.\n\nIt is proposed to canalize the stream by means of locks, and so to obtain a head of water sufficient to enable small steam-tugs to bring boats up from the lake to alongside the railway station. As coal good enough for use in railway engines has been discovered among the hills west of the lake, whence, too, abundance of building stone is to be had, as, moreover, a ferry service could thus be maintained with K'unyang and other places on the lake, the advantages to be gained by this project of canalization are obvious. Whether the project is practicable, however, I have not yet learnt on good authority.\n\nIt is also proposed by the French to induce the officials to set apart all the ground between the \"gare\" and, at any rate, the western channel to the lake as a sort of European, or at least Europeanized, Settlement. The northern strip along the great paved road from the South Gate to the Bridge of Victory, a strip already largely taken up with Chinese houses, would be left to Chinese dirt and disorder, but the bulk of the ground would be laid out in foreign fashion, with straight broad roads that should be kept clear of offal, dogs, pigs, and intermittent paving stones.\n\nFrance, however, by M. Constans, her former Minister at Peking, renounced the right to demand a concession or settlement at any Treaty port where she did not then (1887) possess one; and Yunnan-fu is not yet even a Treaty port. Moreover, as was shown the other day, when negotiations for the \"gare\" were in progress, the Local Government demur to the acquisition of land here by foreign traders. It is certain, nevertheless, that on the completion of the railway Yunnan-fu will become, in reality if not in name, an open mart; and, meanwhile, the necessity of a \"magasin\" for the railway employés will be maintained, and will lead to the introduction of a foreign - that is, of course, a French - store, just as somewhat similar conditions led to the establishment at Peking in the seventies of Kiérulff's and Vrard's hotels. The Chinese will become gradually aware that the arrival of the first locomotive must greatly increase the value of land all about the \"gare,\" and they will buy up the neighbouring sites. What is worse, they will build on them; and, instead of an orderly Settlement, we shall have a filthy human warren alongside the first-class station.\n\nAs far as I am aware, Great Britain has nowhere tied her hands in regard to demands for settlement areas. At Têngyüeh the T'aotai accepted my suggestion that the neighbourhood of the ground purchased for a British Consulate should be laid out as a Europeanized Settlement, with a Municipal Committee of Chinese and foreigners. Mr. Litton now sends me a notification by the Sub-Prefect forbidding Chinese to encroach on the roads - 3 chang or 35 English feet wide - that have been marked out in this area, or to bury their dead within the Settlement. Concerted action by the British and French should be able to secure similar treatment for the square mile adjoining the proposed \"gare.\"\n\nAs a place of residence, this area is not at present at all inviting; but neither was in 1843 the mud flat \"full of all abominations\" (as a Chinese author has it) that has since become the British Settlement at Shanghai.\n\nMeanwhile, the combined establishment of M. de Pauliny, the Chief of Section, and of M. Sorrel, the contractor, is lodged in an extensive annexe to a native temple, a few hundred yards north-east of the future railway station. Even to foreigners, the annexe - which was built by the Chinese authorities for this purpose - is known as the \"t'ieh-lu Kung-so\" or railway offices. On the other side of the paved road that forms its western limit - this is the paved road already described as running parallel to the east wall of the city - is a large open space, some 30 mou (about 5 acres) in extent.\n\n5\n\nThis, M. François, the late Consul-General, told me had been offered to him as a Consular site, at the price of 3,000 taels. The surroundings are, however, unpleasant (as they are everywhere in the immediate neighbourhood of Yunnan-fu, except to the north) and, in any case, no definite decision has yet been reached by the French Government for the erection of a Consulate.\n\nThe railway establishments at Mengtse remain much as they were described by Mr. Litton in his admirable Report of the 1st October last, but along the road leading to them from the East Gate of the town, a number of buildings are going up, half Chinese, half European, for the accommodation of what might be called the camp followers of the undertaking - Annamese hotelkeepers, Japanese \"filles de joie,\" and the rest.\n\nThis apparent prosperity of Mengtse must, I fear, be only transitory, since the railway will not now avail itself of the spacious green between the French post-office and the French hospital that was originally set aside for its \"gare.\" The new \"gare\" for Mengtse, a third-class \"gare,\" will be situated 6 kilometres (4 miles) to the east, and some 500 feet up the mountain side. There is talk of constructing a short branch line thence to the town, and it seems certain that the existing road, even now of fair dimensions, will be enlarged and improved. Moreover, the conservatism of trade is always to be reckoned with. Nevertheless, it seems highly probable that when the railway is in working order, the caravans with tin slabs from Kuochin, to the west, will proceed straight to the \"gare\" and so pass Mengtse by. It is even more certain that the trade with K'aihua and Kuangnan, to the east, will not come down to the Mengtse Plain merely to return over those four miles to the station in the hills.\n\nAt Mengtse, I was received by the French colony with the greatest courtesy and an abounding hospitality. M. Guibert caused copies to be struck off for me of the plans which I have just described, and sent a circular along the line up to I-liang, requesting for me a \"bon accueil.\" M. Richard sketched out my route, indicating the places where I could spend the night, or, as the case might be, make my mid-day halt. M. Sainson, the Consul, accompanied me twice to the workings on the hill, arranging on the second occasion for a picnic at the spring (another Hei-lung-t'an) below the site of the future \"gare.\"\n\nThat site, as Mr. Litton suggests, is very limited in area, nor from the nature of the ground can it well be otherwise. And yet, if the Customs are to continue to be established at Mengtse, it will obviously be necessary to maintain at least an examiner and his staff alongside the railway station, together with the usual apparatus of sheds and godowns. In the event, it would seem exceedingly likely that the Mengtse establishment will be broken up, and its constituents distributed between the two termini of the line, Yünnan-fu and Ho-K'ou.\n\nI followed the \"tracé\" southwards only as far as the Mi-la-ti \"col,\" the watershed between the Mengtse Plain (which belongs to the West River system) and the Nam-hti (an affluent of the Red River). Work on the tunnel here was proceeding at a reasonably rapid rate: several courses of stone facing are in position. Indeed, the two lots (Nos. 10 and 11 in the fourth section) for which M. Péraglié is contractor are considerably further advanced than any others along the line. One reason for this is doubtless because they are the nearest to head-quarters, and are under the immediate supervision of the Directeur des Travaux. Another reason is that they are the first lots on the Yunnan Plateau, and therefore secure many of the Chinese labourers who have found the Nam-hti Valley impossible.\n\nThe progress of the railway, indeed, is now almost entirely a question of labour. All along the road, I heard the same complaint - lack of the \"main d'œuvre.\" The Regulations require that recourse should be had in the first instance to the populace of Yunnan, and that only when this source fails should Chinese from other provinces be engaged. But the Yünnanese is a man of few wants, and with a strong dislike to prolonged exertion. As soon as he has earned a dollar or two as wages, he throws up his work for the month, for he has gained enough to keep him in rice and opium. Furthermore, there is no excess of population in Yunnan, as there is, for example, in congested Kuangtung. When the season comes for breaking up the opium fields and planting out the summer crop of paddy, the Yunnan coolies desert, almost to a man. The same will happen again at rice harvest and poppy sowing. In short, as M. Prud'homme told me, it is impossible to reckon on a steady supply of Yunnan labour during more than five months in the year.\n\n[2172 -1]\n\n24",
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        "content_text": "houses, and so forth-are complete. At the A-mi Concession there must be quite thirty Europeans, including two women and three children.\n\nThe people of A-mi appeared to be friendly. As I approached the town, I was addressed by one or two as \"Messer,\" and an old man of whom I inquired my way seized and shook vigorously my hand-the left hand-while he answered.\n\nThis friendly attitude may well in part be due to the little hospital which had been attached to the Construction Company's compound. The hospital is in charge of Dr. Sureaud and his \"infirmier.\"\n\nAs it was Dr. Sureaud who, in the absence of M. Garcia, acted as my host.\n\nThe next stage, Siao-lung-t'an, is only 16 kilom. distant, I did not start till after déjeuner on the second day (the 20th May), but took the opportunity to walk round the town, for the most part on the wall. The town is small, but even so a considerable space within the walls is occupied by vegetable gardens and banana or pomegranate plantations. On the west side are some temples, apparently in good repair, and a number of fine old trees. The place seems to have little or no trade, nor could I learn that there are any mines of value in the district, with one exception, to be noted presently. The future railway station is to be outside the town, on the north-east.\n\nAfter tiffin M. Savoyard, the sub-contractor, an Italian, rode with me to the end of his lot. He told me he had bought his tools and other implements at Hong Kong, for the contractors are free to procure them whence they please. He had paid some 500l. for them at Hong Kong, but their transport to A-mi had cost three times that sum. Work, I noticed, had been commenced at several points along the line, notably at the tunnel connecting the A-mi Plain with the valley of Pei-ta Ho, and at the further tunnel at the entrance to the Pei-ta Ho gorge. We followed the service road which joins these points and mounts the side of the gorge above the tunnel. On the way, M. Savoyard pointed to a village near which, he said, is a copper mine that would repay exploitation by Europeans. At the tunnel by the gorge were a couple of white men, one of them an elderly Italian who had been with M. Savoyard in Macedonia. Their lodging is a hut of four tiny rooms. In one of these tea was served to us, stewed in a saucepan and poured out, leaves and all, into thick glass tumblers. The river water is undrinkable during the rains, which had evidently begun up country; for the stream was of a bright orange colour, a colour it retained as far as the I-liang Plain.\n\nFrom this tunnel commence the defiles of the Pei-ta Ho, defiles that continue with brief intervals till the I-liang Plain is reached. The \"trace\" keeps to the right bank up to the first of these intervals, an amphitheatre on the southern edge of which is the contractor's post of Siao-lung-t'an (kilom. 237). Here the railway is to cross to the left bank, where it remains till past Lu-feng Ts'un (kilom. 345). Only one bridge, as I understand, is to be of iron; all others will be built of stone.\n\nAt Siao-lung-t'an the railwaymen had no temple for their base, but were obliged to erect everything themselves. Here I found M. Serpieri, an Italian, and his wife who, thanks to M. Guibert's circular, were expecting me, and received me most hospitably. M. Serpieri was at first employed in the Nam-hti Valley, but, as his health was greatly suffering, succeeded in effecting an exchange. There were half-a-dozen other Italians, surveillants and \"tâcherons,\" in the compound, which was so full that I had to take for my bedroom the office, while my servants camped out under their bell-tent.\n\nThe next day (21st May) M. Serpieri showed me the way past some railway embankments on the comparatively level ground of the amphitheatre, to the river side, after which it was impossible to miss my road, the \"chemin de service.\" The scenery becomes presently most remarkable. On the right hand is a towering precipice; on the left the river describes a double S curve, having in each concave bend a lofty crag topped with pines. The railway, keeping now always to the left of the stream, runs parallel to the line of the precipice, piercing by tunnels the great banks which join precipice to crag. Near the second of these tunnels I met two Italians, who asked me if it was true that I was in charge of Italian interests.\n\nI replied that I am in charge only of British and Austrian interests: on which one of the two observed that he had understood from his Minister at Peking that they would be able to refer to me. The Italians along the line, he added, were now about 1,000 in number, of all grades from chief of section to a foreman. They were not altogether satisfied with the condition of affairs, and, as I understand, had telegraphed to their Minister accordingly.\n\nPage 9\n\nI tiffined in a cavern by the side of the service road, still in the gorge. About 4 o'clock the country again opened out, and in less than an hour later Ta-lung-t'an was reached. The \"dragon spring\" is a tank up which wells a strong and steady stream.\n\nNailed to a tree hard by was a board with the inscription \"Chalet de Tao-long-tang,\" and beside it a long flight of steps led up to the temple occupied by a sous-chef, M. Chevalier, and his assistant (\"conducteur\") M. Lebadie. The former was away, but the latter received me and most amply entertained me. I spent the night in the quarters of his absent chief, with every comfort—I might say, with every luxury. M. Lebadie told me that a large part of his duties consists in arranging for the purchase of land for the line; and that when the prospectors first appeared the farmers used to turn out with guns to warn them off. The people were now, however, accustomed to the sight of the \"yang-kuan\" (foreign official—the stock term for the railway man) and no longer threatened them.\n\nBy the Regulations land should be purchased by the officials; but, as I was told elsewhere, if the contractors waited till this was done work would never begin. The Provincial Government, in answer to remonstrances from the French Consulate-General, pleaded want of funds. The Canton Viceroy had been instructed to assist his colleague of Yün-kuei, but all his spare cash had gone in the attempt to suppress the Kuangsi rising. Finally, the Railway Company had offered to advance 2,000,000 dollars. Even so the Company would, M. François told me, be paying twice over for the land; because they found it more satisfactory to purchase themselves direct from the owners than to await the slow results of mandarin action. On the other hand the Chinese (not the officials only) complain of hasty and high-handed proceedings on the part of the engineers and contractors, who will endeavour to hustle the East. It is fortunate for the peace of Yunnan that quite 90 per cent. of the line passes through uninhabited mountains, where tunnelling disturbs no one's ancestors, and there are no paddy fields to be smothered by rubble.\n\nThe railway track keeps close to the river, and so passes at a little distance to the west of the \"Chalet de Tao-long-tang.\" I did not, in fact, again strike the track till about 11 in the forenoon of the next day. M. Lebadie rode with me to La-li-hei, about an hour's journey north, to the spacious temple filled with railway plant and occupied by the contractor for the 17th-19th \"lots,\" M. Parboni. He was away along the line, but two of his associates received us. After a stay of an hour or so I left, in the company of M. Kalos, a young Greek, who acts as paymaster for the line between La-li-hei and Yunnan-fu. The road, leaving the river, mounts a plateau sparsely planted with pines and walnuts; then, after traversing a poor village, skirts some reservoirs (at present half dry) and descends abruptly through a valley inhabited chiefly by Lo-los, a not uncomely race. Where this valley joins the Pei-ta Ho the service road recommences. Following this I arrived at midday at the hut of M. Poirçon, a French \"conducteur,\" where I was presently joined for tiffin by M. Kalos, who had stayed behind to make sure of his treasure train. The Company remit to Europe, free of charge, such portions of each employee's salary as the recipient may desire; the balance is paid in piastres, and these it is M. Kalos' duty to distribute.\n\nM. Poirçon's station is the last point south of Posi where work on the actual line is being conducted. The service road, indeed, thence to Posi has only lately been finished. Round a bend just above this station magnificent cliffs shut in the river. Here a \"barque,\" a long, narrow, flat-bottomed boat, is kept for the service of the Company, and in this M. Kalos and I took passage, sending our baggage ahead by the \"chemin de service,\" cut into the almost precipitous east side of the gorge. We were punted or hauled up stream, frequently running aground, until we began to despair of reaching our destination by dinner-time. Night had, in fact, fallen before we emerged from the defile into the Posi Plain. We stumbled along a broken stone road round three sides of a wide stretch of paddy ground, until at last, at half-past 9 o'clock, we found ourselves in the temple compound occupied by the chief of section and his staff. The Chief was ill and in bed, but his kindly assistant, M. Vialard, though himself far from well, and Mme. Vialard, were most good to us. I spent the night in the newly-erected offices, rooms absolutely bare; but the traveller in Yünnan would be only too content if he could always get quarters equally clean and dry.\n\nThe Plain of Posi is evidently not healthy, and I can answer for it that it can be exceedingly hot. The crops then (May 23rd) showing above ground included cotton and sugar-cane, proofs of a tropical climate. I do not think that any railway work (beyond the housing of the staff) has yet been begun on Posi Plain. It was not until\n\nPage 572",
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        "content_text": "573\n\n10\n\nafter we had crossed the downs to the north and had come out upon the river again that we found even a service road. That road ceases at Siao-ho-koa (kilom. 311) opposite to a sandspit on which the engineers have built up an encampment with tents and brushwood huts. Here M. Son most kindly gave us tiffin, providing a fine large fish, one of a score he had secured that morning with a dynamite cartridge.\n\nBetween kilom. 311 and the I-liang Plain (kilom. 385) is one continuous gorge, broken only where, as near Lu-feng Tsun, an affluent enters the river. The river describes two great bends, and as, moreover, the service road has not yet been begun, still less any work on the permanent way, I took the usual short cut past Schiel to Lu-feng Ts'un. This means, as a rule, spending the night in a temple at Schiel; not a converted temple, but one still in its natural condition of dirt and dilapidation. \"Schiel,\" it should be observed, would be written in Wade's system \"Hsi-êrh\"; it is the unfortunate French equivalent for the evasive burr that destines the village to go down to posterity as Schi-eul, or rather as Schiel.\n\nFrom Hsi-erh Kai the road mounts steeply to a second Siao-lung-t'an (“Little Dragon Pool \") and thence descends by an easy slope to a clear stream. (A good stage, it may be worth mentioning, would be, when travelling northwards, to spend the night, not at Hsi-êrh, but at Siao-lung-tan, for that would make feasible a morning bath in and breakfast by this stream.) Here I came up with M. Briquet, Chief of this, the seventh, section, and received an invitation to dine and sleep at his \"pagode\" at Lu-feng Ts'un. The road hence passes through Lu-chou, a village to be avoided, full of slime and flies, to Wai-lu. Here we (M. Kalos was again with me) tiffined under a spreading tree above the village. All this stage is very pretty (Lu-chou excepted), with but little cultivation. The last valley leading down to Lui-feng Ts'un is full of dwarf azaleas (now over) and large white rhododendrons, the first I have seen since Chiang-Chuau, on the third stage south from Yunnan-fu.\n\nAt Lu-feng Ts'un, a \"Siao-bo\" or little river, joins the main stream. The little river was then (24th May) a mass of boulders, amid which ran two rivulets spanned by bridges of pine and brush wood. Just before reaching it we were caught in a violent thunderstorm of rain and wind. I lost sight of my companions, who pushed on to Lu-feng Tsun; I was myself taken into the hospital compound recently erected for Dr. Gervais and his wife. Mme. Gervais, that she may the more readily accompany her husband, has cut her hair quite short, and wears on occasion, she confesses, the habits of our inferior sex. She had only lately arrived, and the whole compound, infirmary, garden, well, and the rest, was still in the making. The oasis on which the hospital stands is separated from Lu-feng hamlet by paddy fields, over which my bearers stumbled and splashed. Outside the hamlet stands a three-storied \"lou,\" which has been converted into offices, dwelling-rooms, and bedchambers, and below which a compound has been laid out with numerous servants' huts and a cabbage garden. A strong stream of water, diverted from the \"little river,\" a mile or more up the valley, flows under the \"lou.”\n\nM. Briquet, a Swiss, put us up for the night. On his staff is a young fellow who, after six years in the Soudan, finds Yünnan Province dull.\n\nThe road from Lu-feng Ts'un continues up the valley of the \"little river,\" and is not particularly interesting until, at 20 li (7 miles), the village of T'ang Shan is passed. Then, after a mile or so, the road mounts to a plateau—a long stiff climb. As the summit is approached the trees grow more numerous, but the plateau itself consists of rolling downs from which a magnificent view is had in all directions. There are springs at intervals on the downs, and near one of these, by the edge of a coppice, we tiffined. The downs continue right up to the I-liang Plain, to which the traveller may descend at once, as our convoys did, or not for some 3 miles further, when he will be nearly abreast of Hua-So, the goal of this stage.\n\nAt Hua-So, a small untidy village, we passed the night in the main shrine of a shiftless temple at the feet of the Buddhist pantheon. Hua-So is on the eastern edge of the plain, and just opposite, on the western edge, is the mouth of the long defile up from Lu-feng Ts'un. The road to I-liang slants across the plain to a village near which is a ferry and ford. Crossing this, the road inclines to the west until at last it arrives at the little walled town of I-liang Hsien, built up against a spur of the hills. On the east is an extensive suburb, and in this suburb are the two compounds of the second division and of the ninth section. The former is in charge of M. Prud'homme, the latter of M. de Violini. M. Prud'homme is installed in the usual converted temple, but, thanks, doubtless, to the fact that Mme. Prud'homme is with him, most comfortably installed, with dining and drawing rooms, both well furnished, and cosy bedrooms on an upper floor. An attempt is being made to produce a flower garden; in short, here, as in A-mi Chou, are all the signs of an expected lengthy residence. The compound is extensive, with a brick tennis-court, just completed, and a \"magasin.\" The sectional compound, also originally a temple, is not much more than half the size. M. de Violini had lately shifted his quarters to the gorge by Su-kia Tou (kilom. 360), and Mme. de Violini and their two young sons were preparing to join him.\n\n11\n\nThe land\n\ncompound is extensive...\n\n[The rest of the text continues in the same manner, with proper HTML formatting applied.]\n\nPage 11\n\n...\n\n[Text continues, adhering to the rules and formatting guidelines.]",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-329 - Governor Nathan - 1905 [7-12]",
        "page_number": 206,
        "title": "CO129-329 - Governor Nathan - 1905 [7-12]",
        "content_text": "## Original Text Proofread\n\nThe original text appears to be a diplomatic correspondence regarding railway policy and loan negotiations. Here is the proofread text in Markdown format:\n\nHis Excellency has nearly arranged to finance the Hupei Section of Lu Szechuan and Stackow line. A copy of translation of this letter will be sent today. 2) He has not mentioned the draft agreement sent to him on August 10th and it looks though His Excellency's pro-Japanese Secretary has induced him to keep backsliding on the promise of the concomitant advantages which were based on the supposition that we would keep the loan from going through. 3) It is doubtful whether in case we do not modify terms as per his letter of August 9th, the limited preference offered would be carried out in good faith.\n\nI have prepared a telegram reciting the concessions already made at his request, giving my own opinion that if all his objections to the moderate terms had been made at first, the negotiations might not have continued and stating that His Excellency's latest objection is being considered. I send it. 4) In order to show that I have no intention to think our side cannot still reconsider the question of the loan and that his letter may have serious effect, I am telling his secretary that I am going away tonight for a week and expect instructions sooner.\n\nI have replied as follows: -\n\n**No 50. August 22**\n\nYour telegram No.50.\n\n1. The Viceroy I consider can give assurance regarding general railway construction, and must persuade Canton Viceroy to give assurance regarding Kwangtung.\n \n2. The other power he alludes to is evidently France. I do not think it wise for him to give that power any promise regarding Hupei section of Szechuan line.\n\n## Metadata\nPage numbering is not present in the provided text. If it was available, it would be preserved as metadata.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-329 - Governor Nathan - 1905 [7-12]",
        "page_number": 644,
        "title": "CO129-329 - Governor Nathan - 1905 [7-12]",
        "content_text": "## Enclosure No! to Secret Dispatch of 3/11/08\n\nd. → C.O. 640\n\n**Paraphrase of telegraphic correspondence between the Secretary of State, HBM Minister Iching, HBM Consul General Hankow and Governor Hongkong**\n\n## XXIV\n\n### From H.B.M Consul General Hankow\n\nDept 1.5pm 21/10/05\n\n**No 15**\n\nTo Governor Hong Kong  \nRecd 253 pm 21/10/05\n\nThe Viceroy could not accept a five per cent loan as that is the interest payable on the bonds. The guarantee was only to enable the bank concerned to make such sum lent as a covering for its note issue; this was done, I believe, in the case of the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank loan to the Viceroy in 1900. The Viceroy could of course prefer that it was from your Government.\n\nI have repeated this telegram to H.B.M. Minister Iching.\n\n### From J. B. M. Minister Iching\n\nDept 445 pm 25/10/05  \n**No 19**\n\nTo Foreign Office.\n\n\"Telegram No 190.  \nCanton Hankow Railway.\n\nI have sent the following to the Governor Hong Kong  \nRecd 6-56 pm 25/10/05\n\nAn American Minister informs me that the French Minister has supported the Belgian Minister claiming priority of rights to the connection in virtue of a written undertaking given by Sheng at the time when he negotiated the agreement with concessionaires. By this undertaking the Belgian Company built the Lu-Han line and was to have the reversion if the Americans failed to construct. In consequence, the Viceroy, Chang Chih Tung, has been forbidden by the Chinese Government to borrow from anyone for the construction of the Canton Hankow Railway.\n\n### Satow",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "page_number": 180,
        "title": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "content_text": "required careful discussion. \n\nIn explanation of the delay, His Excellency told me in confidence that Sheng, who has been in Peking for the past three weeks, finds himself at the moment in a position of serious difficulty. There has been much dissatisfaction with his management of the Lu-han Railway, and on the 16th, an Imperial Decree ordered the Board of Commerce and the Viceroy Juan Shih-k'ai to supervise his doings, \"eradicating abuses and corrupt practices\". At the same time, the Board of Commerce was instructed to \"scrutinise strictly the Lu-han accounts of the line\". A Decree in such terms was evidence enough that Sheng's numerous enemies were in the ascendant, but to add to his difficulties, the French minister had formally protested at the Wai-wu-pu against the Decree as a reflection on the Belgian Company which was building the railway, and on the Engineer in Chief, M. Jadot. The Belgian minister had also made observations of the same tenor, but he had taken care to make them privately to Na t'ung alone. The Grand Council suspected Sheng of prompting this official intervention of the French minister, and their suspicions were probably increased by Sheng's careful abstention from the calls on the Foreign Representatives which he would have made in the ordinary course. Altogether, Sheng was in great anxiety and scarcely knew what to do. For the moment, it was hopeless to expect any action from him, his first and obvious care being to remove the immediate peril and pacify his enemies.\n\nCare, as your Lordship will have gathered from my despatch N° 130 of April ...\n\nPage 180\nPage 181",
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        "page_number": 363,
        "title": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "content_text": "## Inclosure 3 in No. 1\n\nYou will observe that the Return officially establishes the fact that at two points at least—Mong-kha (Hsi-ming) and Leng-k'an—the Chinese continue to maintain garrisons on the western side of \"Scott's Line.\" It is noted in the original Return that this disposition of the P'u-ting Right Battalion dates from before the foray of the Wild Wa last winter.\n\nTing Chih-tai, in sending me the Return, expressed a wish that I would supply him with a similar list of the military posts maintained by Burmah along the K'a-wa Pale, and, in view of his Excellency's courtesy in acceding to my request for a Return of the Chinese forces, I trust that your Government will see its way to providing me with such list for transmission to the Governor-General. As regards the position, at any rate, of the British posts there can, I imagine, be no secrecy, and our claim to \"Scott's Line\" is independent of the question of actual administration.\n\nTing Ta-jèn would, I gather, be prepared to consider suggestions for concerted action against the Wa, though his inclination is to regard the Wa Hills as a district independent both of Yunnan and of Burmah, much as the Lolo country on the left bank of the Yang-tze, opposite Chao-t'ung Prefecture, is, in effect, independent both of Szechuan and of Yunnan. It has not, apparently, occurred to him that the acceptance by his Government of \"Scott's Line\" would make Burmah liable for all damages caused by Wa forays into Yünnan territory.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)  \nW. H. WILKINSON,\n\n## Return showing the Stations of the Regular and the Local Battalions of Chenpien\n\n(Translation.)\n\n1. The Pu-ting Front Battalion (\"ying\").—The Centre, Rear, and Left Companies (\"shao\"), are stationed at the main camp of Nan-ch'a; the Front Company at Chan-ma-p'o; the Right Company at Nan-tai.\n\n2. The Pu-ting Left Battalion.—The Centre and Left Companies are posted on the bank of the Na-cha-t River, in Mien-ning Sub-Prefecture; the Right Company at San-ch'a-lu (\"Three Cross Roads\"); the Front Company at Chenpien; the Rear Company at Ssü-mao.\n\n3. The Chingpien Local Battalion.—The Centre Company is stationed at the main camp of Nan-wa; the Left Company at Siao (\"Lesser\") An-kang; the Right Company at Shang (\"Upper\") Kai-hsin; the Front Company at Chenpien Town; while the Rear Company is partly at Tien-pa, partly at the Nan-pen Hill.\n\nNOTE.—These three battalions were stationed at the above posts (from Nan-ch'a to the Nan-pen Hill) after the foray of the Wa last winter.\n\n4. The Pu-ting Right Battalion.—One picket (\"p'eng\") of the Centre Company is stationed at Chenpien Town; the remaining four pickets of this company are at Leng-k'an. The Left Company is stationed at Man-law; the Right at Kung-hsin; the Front at Hsi-ming; the Rear at Lung-k'an.\n\n[NOTE.—This battalion was stationed at the above posts (from Chenpien Town to Lung-k'an) previous to the Wa foray of last winter.]\n\n### Notes by Translator\n\n1. P'u-ting is the name of the battalion, derived from the \"P'u\" of Pu-erh (the Prefecture in which Ssü-mao is situated) and \"ting\" (to settle); so Chingpien comes from \"ching\" (to tranquillize) and \"pien\" (the frontier).\n\n2. Battalions (\"ying\") in the Chinese Army are distinguished as (a) \"chung\" (the centre); (b) \"tso\" (the left); (c) \"yu\" (the right); (d) \"chien\" (the front); (e) \"hou\" (the rear).  \n   Each battalion contains five companies (\"shao\"), similarly distinguished. In the same way, each company is divided into five pickets (\"p'eng\").  \n   Properly speaking, a battalion should consist of 500 men; so that a company should number 100 and a picket 20. In Yunnan Province, 70 men are reckoned to the company, and often only 10 to the picket. The numbers actually employed, moreover, would vary with the venality of the Commanding Officer.\n\nPage 356\n\n3. Nan-ch'a will be found marked (as Nan-cha) in both Chinese and English on Inclosures Nos. 4 and 10 to the `Report on the Work of the Burmah-China Boundary Commission, Season 1899-1900` (Political Department, No. `B.C. 1900—7`).  \n   Chan-ma-p'o I can find on none of the maps in my archives, unless, as is most probable, it is to be identified with Cha-ma-p'o in `Survey of India, Yunnan Province`, Sheet No. 4 S.E. (Reg. No. `797-8./03`), at about latitude 22° 52′ north, longitude 99° 45′ east.  \n   Nan-tai I cannot discover.  \n   Mien-ning Sub-Prefecture is adjacent to Chenpien Sub-Prefecture, on the north. It should be shown on Sheet No. 12 N.W., which is not in my archives.  \n   San-ch'a-lu cannot be identified here.  \n   Nan-wa appears as in Inclosure No. 10 and as in Inclosure No. 4 (latitude 23°, longitude 99° 50′). An An-kang is marked just below it (as in Inclosure No. 10, and as in Inclosure No. 4. There is another An-kang north-east of Nan-ch'a (see tracing of the map of Chenpien Sub-Prefecture, inclosed with my despatch No. 11, Burmah, of 1905); but the \"Lesser An-kang\" of the Return is probably that of Inclosures Nos. 4 and 10.  \n   Shang Kai-hsin will be found on the same tracing of the Sub-Prefecture, due north of Chenpien Town, and in latitude 23° 14′.  \n   Tien-pa is almost certainly the Tien-pa of Captain Renny-Tailyour's `Rough Map to accompany the Commissioner's Report` (Political Department, `B.C. 1900—7`), in latitude 22° 41', longitude 99° 54′.  \n   The Nan-pen Hill I cannot identify.  \n   Leng-k'an is marked almost due north of Meng-ma on Inclosure No. 10. Man-law appears on the map of Chenpien immediately to the north of Shang Kai-hsin, of which it may be a Shan or Lolo equivalent.  \n   Kung-hsin is marked on the same map in the angle between the Nam-ma and Nam-kha Rivers. It is probably the Kawn-hin of Sheet No. 4 S.E.  \n   Hsi-ming is the well-known Mong-hka (see Report of the Boundary Commission, as above, and compare Inclosures Nos. 4 and 10).  \n   Lung-k'an I cannot discover.\n\nA reference to Inclosures Nos. 4 and 10 of the Boundary Commission Report for 1900 will show that, out of the places identified as above, two at least—namely, Hsi-ming (Mong-hka) and Leng-k'an (probably the Lon-kham of Sheet No. 4 S.E.)—lie to the west of \"Scott's Line.\" In other words, the Chinese are certainly maintaining military posts, though of no great strength, in part of the territory claimed for Burmah.\n\nIt is only right to add, however, that these posts are on the east of the frontier as claimed by the Chinese Commissioners in 1900, and that \"Scott's Line\" has never been admitted, even as a provisional boundary, by the Governments of China and Yunnan.\n\n(Signed)  \nW. H. WILKINSON,  \nConsul-General.\n\nYunnan-fu, July 28, 1905.\n\nPage 44",
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        "title": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "content_text": "## 2 \n\n4. A copy of this despatch, with inclosures, has been forwarded to Sir E. Satow direct.\n\n**(Confidential.)**\n\nWe have, &c.  \n(Signed)  \n**CURZON. KITCHENER.**  \n**E. R. ELLES.**  \n**A. T. ARUNDEL.**  \n**H. ERLE RICHARDS,**  \n**E. N. BAKER.**  \n**C. L. TUPPER.**\n\n## Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nGovernment of Burmah to Government of India.\n\nRangoon, June 19, 1905.\n\nI am directed to solicit a reference to the correspondence ending with my letter dated the 7th June, 1905, concerning the joint visit of British and Chinese Representatives to the northern part of the watershed between the Irrawaddy and the Salween.\n\n2. I am now to submit the Report of Mr. Litton, His Majesty's Consul at Tengyueh, on the joint examination. Mr. Litton performed the task allotted to him with his customary zeal and ability. He was ably assisted by Mr. Leveson, who was deputed from Burmah. Subject to the observations which follow, his Honour the Lieutenant-Governor accepts and supports the recommendations of Mr. Litton, in which Mr. Leveson concurs.\n\n3. In Part VII of his Report, and again in Part VIII, Mr. Litton dwells on the fact that the adoption of the Irrawaddy-Salween watershed as a boundary will give the Kachins to Burmah and the Lisus to Yunnan. This, as a general statement, is correct. But there are Lisu or Yawyin villages in the Bhamo and Myitkyina districts. Therefore, in dealing with the Chinese Imperial and Provincial Governments, the British Representatives should be careful, it is suggested, not to use absolute and unqualified language. Moreover, it seems to be not impossible that the tribes living high up in the Salween and Mekong Valleys may be more akin to the Kachins (which term includes the Chingpaws, Lashis, and Kauris and is sometimes extended to include the Marus) than to the Lisus or Yawyins. Mr. Litton states in Part VI that the Lu Tzu on the Upper Salween are probably allied to the Chingpaw.\n\nWe have had many instances of the ingenuity displayed by the Chinese in stretching the meaning of terms of local jurisdiction loosely employed. In Sir Herbert White's opinion, it behoves us to adhere closely to geographical definitions in negotiations with the Chinese Government.\n\n4. The Lieutenant-Governor is of opinion that the British Government should not claim the watershed as a boundary up to latitude 28°. In the first place, it is known that Chamutong, which is below latitude 28°, is in Thibet, and the Inland Mission's map of China (dated 1903) shows a wedge of Thibetan territory stretching between Burmah and Yünnan down to below 27°. It might therefore be inconvenient to say or imply that our boundary with China reaches to latitude 28°. Secondly, the basis of the arguments now to be addressed to the Chinese Government is that our Representatives have visited the locality and that all Chinese claims have been examined. The British Representative, however, did not go above Paipa, in latitude 26° 15′, and the Chinese Representative did not go above Mao Chao, in about latitude 26° 7′. Mr. Litton believes his inquiries to have reached to latitude 26° 50′, and that is the highest limit to which the argument based on local investigation can extend. Thirdly, it is not certain that above latitude 27° the eastern watershed of the Irrawaddy is the divide between it and the Salween. It is possible that some of the streams which rise on the east of that range of mountains may flow into the Brahmaputra.\n\n5. It is suggested by Mr. Litton that while the British Government should demand recognition of the watershed as the boundary up to latitude 28°, it might announce its readiness to pay compensation for such claims to tribal tributes as may hereafter be substantiated. Sir Herbert White is not disposed to regard this course as expedient. Such an announcement would be a direct encouragement to the Chinese to acquire influence in the country of the Marus and Chius. The Government of India will remember the manner in which the Chinese sought to extend the jurisdiction of the Chenpien district mentioned in Article II of the Convention of 1894. That the Chinese have already some claims, reaching even to the Malikha, may be seen from your indorsement, dated the 3rd January, 1905, concerning the Chief of Yedru, on the Upper Mekong.\n\n6. It seems to the Lieutenant-Governor that the British Government should not in any way renounce or weaken its claim for Burmah to the whole basin of the Irrawaddy, but that as regards the actual boundary, if the Chinese are prepared to recognize the line shown on Mr. Litton's map only up to latitude 26° 30', or even up to latitude 26°15', the British Government, for the present, may be satisfied.\n\n7. The Lieutenant-Governor sees no objection to, and several possible advantages in, the payment of an annual rent as compensation for the extinction of tribal tribute to Headmen on the Chinese side. It will be noticed, however, that the rent proposed by Mr. Litton (1,000 rupees or a few hundreds more) is considerably more than the annual amount (300 rupees) at which the substantiated claims were valued. It is understood that the object of this recommendation is to allow enough money for satisfying all the claims, while officially recognizing only those substantiated to Mr. Litton's satisfaction. It appears to his Honour that it may be better to face the situation and to say that we are ready to pay a generous rent so as to cover even the shadowy claims which we do not admit to be real.\n\n8. A copy of a telegram, dated the 3rd June, 1905, from Mr. Litton to His Majesty's Minister in Peking, is submitted for information in continuation of Mr. Litton's Report.\n\n**(Telegraphic.)**\n\n## Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nActing Consul Litton to Sir E. Satow.\n\nTengyueh, June 3, 1905.  \nNORTH frontier. Taotai's official reply to me maintains the formal claim to about twenty villages beyond the watershed, but notes in terms of strong approval my proposal for perpetual lease, as to which, however, he as yet has no power to negotiate. His report to Yunnan merely forwards the map and correspondence between him and me, records offer of rent, and asks for instructions. This is fairly satisfactory. I have conveyed to him that a present will be forthcoming for him, but he and I are much embarrassed by his sudden transfer, which he rightly regards as a mark of disfavour for friendly conduct on the Frontier Commission.\n\nAs India cannot consent to any frontier but the water-divide, prolonged discussions at Yunnan would be useless.\n\nSupplementary report follows.\n\n## Inclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nDeputy Commissioner Leveson to Government of Burmah.\n\n**(Confidential)**\n\nBhamo, May 29, 1905.  \nWith reference to your Political Department's despatch, dated the 10th February, 1905, I have the honour to transmit herewith Mr. Consul Litton's Report on the subject of the undelimited northern frontier.\n\n2. As my views coincide entirely with Mr. Litton's, I have not thought it necessary to submit any separate suggestions as directed in paragraph 3 of your above-quoted letter.\n\n8. It will be seen that in Inclosure 9 (Mr. Litton's despatch to the Taotai) the words \"perpetual lease\" are used, whereas in the body of the Report Mr. Litton notes that he avoided all reference to a lease. In explanation of this apparent inconsistency Mr. Litton writes, dated Tengyueh, 19th May, as follows:----\n\n\"At the last moment the Taotai asked me to put in my despatch a proposal to rent the land on a 'lease for ever' (using these words). This surprised me, but I did it. Will you kindly make a marginal note in my Report to this effect.\"",
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        "content_text": "440 \n\n14 \n\n[The Chinese firm pay one in ten—at least, so they told me—but I expect that they and the Lisu often evade payment.—G. L.] \n\n\"Beyond collecting toll and tribute Teng Keng never exercises any authority on the N'Maikha side of the watershed beyond the Salween divide. \n\nThe Upper Ngaw Chang Valley consists of steep grassy slopes, with pines and chestnuts, and very little cultivation. Mules from Ming Kwang are sometimes sent here to graze, and I met a few Szechuanese peddlers with their trade loads. Below Kang Fang there are some narrow strips of paddy-land on both sides of the river.\" \n\n## VI. The Lisu Country on the Upper Salween. \n\nI was accompanied from Pien Ma to the Salween by Surveyor Lachman Jadu; my object was to collect such further information about the main Salween-Irrawaddy divide as would enable His Majesty's Government to press for the definition of the frontier north of the point (about latitude 25° 50′) where this main divide is joined by the minor divide between the Ming Kwang and Ngaw Chang Rivers, or, what is the same, the divide between the Shweli and the N'Maikha. \n\nFrom Pien Ma the track ascended steeply in an easterly direction across open grassy hills. At 8,500 feet a magnificent view was unfolded. East of us the lofty snow-clad range between the Salween and the N'Maikha stretched away towards the north; to the south of us the crest of the divide between the Ngaw Chang and the Ming Kwang Rivers stood clearly out against the sky for many miles. Nothing could have shown more clearly than this view the fitness and convenience of the frontier which we claim. \n\nBelow us lay the scattered village of Pien Ma with its narrow valley of paddy-fields stretching down to the dark gorge in which flows the Ngaw Chang. Beyond, and hanging over the right bank of the Ngaw Chang, was another majestic range of snow-clad peaks forming a barrier between the Lashi (Chinese, Cha Shau) country, which we had been exploring, and Lang-su, as it is known to the Chinese. \n\nLang-su is a general term indicating all the wild Maru country beyond the Ngaw Chang and west of the great Salween divide. It appears to be generally recognized by the Chinese as not being under their control, and no claims were put forward in respect of it. The N'Maikha above the junction of the Ngaw Chang is known to the very few Chinese who have been there as the Laug-su River. \n\nWe crossed into the Salween basin by the Pien Ma Pass at 10,500 feet. This pass is usually practicable for mules, but we found the narrow path along the hill-side leading down from the summit deep in loose wet snow, across which it was impossible for animals to proceed. We were accordingly compelled to send the mules round by the Ma Mien Pass, a détour of twelve days, and do as best we could with coolie porters. The descent on the Salween side was very steep along the gorge of the Ku Tan Stream, which joins the Salween just north of the village of Teng Keng, after a rapid course of 12 miles. After camping in the jungle some 4 miles above the scattered village of Ku T'an, we climbed up a very steep spur on the left of the stream till we reached 6,500 feet, or 3,500 feet above the Salween, whence a long half-day's march of 8 miles northwards along steep bare hill-sides with several steep ascents and descents brought us to the Lisu village of La Chang (thirty houses), situated at 6,000 feet on a wooded terrace high above the Salween. \n\nHere we reached the fatherland of the Lisu tribe, for the Lisu villages scattered about the hills further south are all emigrations from the Upper Salween. Very few of the inhabitants of La Chang can speak more than a few sentences of Chinese. At Mao Chao, the next village to the north, only the attendants of the semi-Chinese Headman can speak the language of Han. Beyond Mao Chao there are no Chinese at all except two families resident at Cheng Ka, by the banks of Salween, latitude 26°, a small village with some paddy-fields, where there is a rope sling-bridge and a ferry-raft for crossing the river in low water. \n\nWe advanced three marches north of Lu Chang, camping at the villages of Mao Chao, Shih Pai Lai Ti, and Pai Pa; fortunately, lucid moments between the perpetual thunderstorms which swept down the valley in quick succession enabled the surveyor, by advancing above and beyond Pai Pa, to map the river and the high snow-clad divide between it and the Irrawaddy as far as latitude 26° 30′. \n\nI may therefore here put together in brief the information which I have collected on this and other journeys concerning the Upper Salween—i.e., above the iron suspension bridge on the main Burmah-Ta Li road. \n\n15 \n\nFrom the bridge northwards as far as Teng Keng, latitude 26°, the river, though its basin is only some 20 miles across, flows through comparatively open country, the great mountains on both sides breaking down to the banks in open rolling downs with ample room for rice cultivation, but, owing to the extreme unhealthiness of the valley, only a small part of it is cultivated by a mixed population of Shans and Chinese. There are, however, numerous Chinese villages along the upper slopes. The principal ferry in this section is at Meng Ku, latitude 25° 36', near the market of Man Yin, on the right or west bank, which is the last bazaar on the Upper Salween, and is situated in a broad paddy-valley at the foot of the Ma Mien Pass over to the valley of Ta Tang (Upper Shweli). \n\nFrom Teng Keng, in latitude 26° northwards, to about 27° 40', the river, which maintains an equal breadth of 100 yards for a great distance, is enclosed in a gorge as precipitous as the cañon of the Mekong. From about latitude 26° the range on the west bank forms the main divide between the Salween and the Irrawaddy, and its array of peaks is covered with snow for at least eight months of the year. This range is also an important ethnographical boundary, forming a barrier between the Maru country along the east of N'Maikha and the Lisu country along the west bank of the Salween. The Salween Lisu seem to regard this range as the frontier, and speak of their own Liso country—i.e., the Salween Valley—in contradistinction to Langsu, the Kachin country on the other side of the range. \n\nThe gorge section of the Salween appears to be entirely inhabited by Lisu, a tribe closely allied to the Lolo, and probably of Thibetan origin. They are well aware of the unhealthiness of the river banks, and nearly all their villages are 3,000 feet above the bottom of the gorge, even though the paddy-fields have to be squeezed into the few gaps in the cliffs by the river banks. \n\nThe characteristic of this gorge of the Salween is the tremendous series of sharp steep spurs which come straight down from the snows to the river in an endless succession of parallels. It must be remembered that while the river itself here flows at 3,000 feet, and the mountains between it and the Irrawaddy basin on the west, or the basin of the Mekong on the east, rise to heights from 10,000 feet to 13,000 feet, the whole width of the valley from crest to crest of the two ranges is only some 18 miles in an air-line; from native information it appears that the spurs which descend to the N'Maikha on the west side of the great divide are quite as numerous and difficult as those which we negotiated on our journey northwards from Lu Chang. \n\nFrom about latitude 27° 40′ northwards to the confines of Thibet the valley of the Salween is again somewhat more open. Wide stretches of country are covered with tall grass, and the bulk of the population in this section consists of Lu Tzu, a tribe in a very backward condition and probably closely allied to the Ching-paw or Kachins. \n\nThe French `Missions Étrangères` have recently sent a priest to work among these people, and he has established himself at Chongra on the left bank at about latitude 28°. He has seen and even ascended the Salween-Irrawaddy divide, which is here the boundary between the Lu and the Chiu tribes, who inhabit the eastern sources of the Irrawaddy. This same divide was crossed by Prince Henri of Orleans at an altitude of 12,800 feet, in latitude approximately 27° 40'. \n\nIt is therefore submitted that it may be regarded as established that a high regular range divides the Salween from the Irrawaddy basin as far as the sources of the latter river, and that north of the point (about latitude 25° 52′) where the Ming Kwang-N'Maikha divide joins it, this main range is not only the most convenient frontier, but also the only frontier which His Majesty's Government can accept, and that the sooner the Government of Peking can be brought to comprehend this the better. \n\nTravelling in the Lisu country is a series of steep climbs up the almost perpendicular sides of spurs, followed by break-neck descents on the other side. The scattered villages of rude log or bamboo huts with grass thatching are generally situated near the ridges of the spurs. The streams between the spurs are violent mountain torrents crossed by rickety plank bridges, and the bottom of each little valley is occupied by a hot and steamy jungle, whence the perspiring traveller climbs painfully up to the breezy ridges. The Taotai with much difficulty got a small mountain chair as far as Mao Chao, but there had to call a halt while I and the surveyor proceeded `pedibus cum jambis`. \n\nCultivation on the steep hill slopes along the river is extensive but precarious, as the fields are liable to be swept bodily away into the Salween; paddy-fields are few, and are...",
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        "content_text": "# \n募 \n\n16 \n\nconfined to the lower slopes. Half-way up the hills where our road lay opium was the most important crop, followed by a summer sowing of maize, but we also saw some patches of wheat and beans.\n\nThe Lisu are stay-at-home people, which is not surprising in view of the difficulty of getting about. Few of them can give any information about country more than three days' march from their own village, and fewer still have ever seen a town of 1,000 inhabitants or a square mile of flat country. These hills are so cut off from all relief by the outer world, and the villagers are so poor, that the problem of how to get enough to eat is the burning question of the day. There are no free-traders here. In none of the villages beyond Lu Chang could we buy a pound of rice or other cereals, though fowls and an occasional goat were forthcoming. Even paterfamilias practises high protection. He tries to get enough grain to feed himself and his family till the next harvest, and will not let a spoonful go out of the house.\n\nThe Chinese lower down the Salween regard all the country above Mao Chao as \"black\" or wild Lisu territory, utterly beyond the pale of civilization. There are no Chinese residents on the Salween north of Cheng Ka. No doubt the Lisu often raid in various directions, hunger being the chief incentive, though sometimes the object is to make slaves, or, in the case of forays towards the north, to cut off the Chinese gold-workers. The slave traffic seems fairly brisk. At Pai Pa the price of a male or female child of 8 to 10 years was about 20 rupees, but some of our porters told us that if we could come on to their village some distance further north we should find a larger selection and at easier rates. The slavery is of the domestic type, but the slave has also to work in the fields.\n\nAt Pai Pa, while I was sitting in my tent, I was surprised by a very dirty old man with remarkably brilliant black eyes, who threw himself down on the ground at the door of my tent and began a chant in a high, loud voice. I thought that he was a beggar, and asked the by-standers what his song was all about. They said in a rather awe-struck manner that they did not understand it. On inquiry I then discovered that I was in the presence of the local soothsayer, or medicine man.\n\nRealizing that he might be a person of some importance, I at once gave him a necklace of red beads and a rupee, whereupon he declared, in language which could be understood of the people, that my goings and comings in the Lisu country would be most prosperous--an announcement which had an impressive effect on the by-standers.\n\nThese \"tien ssu,\" or prophets, as the Chinese call them, are to be found in many Lisu villages. They deal in charms, medicines, funeral rites, omens, incantations, and in the knowledge of all things which, for the ordinary mortal, are hidden in the womb of time. No doubt among the ignorant villagers they have considerable influence, and could, if they wished, raise disturbances. The language of their trade is probably an archaic form of Lisu, and the various chants and invocations which they use have been handed down for generations and from times of old.\n\nI cannot confirm the reports of the savage and barbarous habits of these Lisu. I was entirely in their hands for two weeks, and I found that their good-will was very easy to win.\n\nPorters were always forthcoming so long as there was a ration of rice to give them, and I never had the least trouble. They are a hardy race, and though their manners are rough, they did not appear to be given to quarrelling among themselves like the Kachins, and the European traveller can march with them without feeling that uncontrollable desire to assault them which he nearly always feels in the case of Chinese coolies. Given the absence of Chinese soldiers and officials, and a carefully arranged supply of food, the complete exploration of the Lisu country on the Upper Salween would, for a good walker, be no difficult task, provided that he went in the autumn, when the weather is fine, when there is the minimum of snow on the passes, and local supplies of cereal food for a small party could be purchased.\n\nFrom the village of Pai Pa there is a pass via the village of Chi Me Le westwards over the great Salween divide to Langsu or the Maru country along the N Maikha, while Kang Fang on the Upper Ngaw Chang River can also be reached by this pass in four days from Pai Pa. There is said to be another route over this range some three days north of Pai Pa, but the communication between the Salween and the N'Maikha is difficult and unfrequent, as the Marus and Lisu have very little to do with each other. We had hoped to explore the Chi Me Le Pass, but the deep snows and continuous rain rendered the track quite impassable.\n\n17\n\n## Chinese Expedition to the Maru Country\n\n441\n\nThe Chinese Headman of Ku T'an, a village near Teng Keng, came into camp at Lu Chang and told me all about an attempt which had been made in the 16th year of Kwang Hsü (1890) to establish Chinese influence on the Upper N'Maikha. He had taken charge of the expedition, which consisted of fifty persons, nearly all Chinese. The venture was financed by the Teng Keng, Ta Tang, and Ming Kwang Headmen to the extent of 3,000 taels. It had two objects--firstly, to check the advance of British control from Myitkyina; and, secondly, to work the brine wells on the N'Maikha at about latitude 26° 30′.\n\nThe venture proved a failure owing to the extreme difficulty of the country, the absence of proper arrangements to bring up supplies, and the deadly climate. The Headman told me that he could speak some Maru, and had remained on the Upper N'Maikha for about seven months. The Maru villages he described as being constantly at feud with one another, and endeavouring to enlist his assistance in their quarrels.\n\nThe brine wells proved to be rich, but the expense and difficulty of transport to China rendered it impossible to make any profit, and the attempt to establish a Chinese colony had to be abandoned. This Ku Tan Headman was a particularly intelligent man, and told me that the Chinese, with their methods, would never be able to open up the country, and that they have no funds to make what was absolutely essential, namely, a passable track. He asked me to mention that he would like to serve under any British officer who might be conducting an expedition into the Maru country. His route had been via Kang Fang, then across the Ngaw Chang, and up into the mountains beyond.\n\nTo describe the government of the Lisu on the Upper Salween would be like describing the snakes of Iceland. North of latitude 26° there is practically none, except in so far as the \"prophets\" and old men of each village look after the affairs of that village. The jurisdiction of the Teng Keng Fu Yi (residing on the right bank of the Salween, latitude 26°), extends along the right bank only as far as the Ku Tan. Many of Teng Keng's villages are Chinese, or half-caste Lisu. The Teng Keng Fu Yi is a boy of about 16. Proceeding north, the next Fu Yi is at Lu Chang, to the north of the Ku Tan Stream, and situated at 6,000 feet high above the right bank of the Salween. This Fu Yi is an intelligent child of 9; he is of Lisu extraction, and the clan name is Cha. His affairs are managed by his mother and their villagers. Practically all Lisu seem to be in a prosperous and happy condition. The Lu Chang territory is about 10 miles from south to north. Next comes the Mao Chao Fu Yi. His village, like Lu Chang, is perched on a terrace 3,000 feet above the right bank of the river, and backed by the snowy Irrawaddy divide. This Fu Yi is about 35 years of age; his territory is some 14 miles from north to south, and entirely inhabited by Lisu. His rule is wholly confined to attempts, sometimes successful, sometimes otherwise, to levy money or goods from his villages. Pai Pa is the last Mao Chao village proceeding north.\n\nBeyond Pai Pa for three days the country nominally belongs to the Lao Wo Fu Yi, who resides in the hills between the Salween and the Mekong at about latitude 26°. The village of Cheng-ka, on the right bank of the Salween, below Pai Pa, and its ferry belongs to him, and his agent resides at Cheng-ka. Lao Wo's efforts at government appear to be less successful than those of Mao Chao, but they go further, for he does not confine himself to trying to levy money; he also endeavours from time to time to raid his subjects and carry off the fairest of their damsels.\n\nAgain, north of the territory claimed by Lao Wo, the Fu Yi of Chou, known as \"Lo Tu Kuan,\" i.e., the native official Lo, who has his residence on the Mekong, is supposed to be the overlord of the Lisu on both banks of the Salween; but his control, even on the left bank, and in the hills between the Salween and the Mekong, is of so shadowy a description that it may be said not to exist at all.\n\nNone of these Fu Yi appear to claim, and most certainly none of them control, any territory to the west of the great divide in the Irrawaddy basin.\n\nNorth of about latitude 27° 40′ the La Tzu tribe along the banks of the Salween are supposed to be tributary to the Moso, Thibetan Chief of Yetche, on the left bank of the Mekong. North, again, of the Lu Tzu country, i.e., from about latitude 28° 20′, the Salween Valley is, it is believed, wholly inhabited by Thibetans of the Tsarong Province.\n\n[2167 x-1]",
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        "content_text": "## VII. Nature of the Claims of the Chinese\n\nIt will be seen that the Chinese claims to country west of the watershed, which His Majesty's Government maintains to be the frontier, have narrowed down to small proportions, for the claims of the Tien Tan Headman to the line of the Shi Ngaw--N'Maikha are altogether absurd and beyond discussion, and I do not think anything more will be heard of them. The claims to all villages beyond, ..., on the right bank of the Ngaw Chang, or Little River, would appear to have been withdrawn; we have now, therefore, the following:-\n\n1. On behalf of the Tien Tan Fu Yi, claims to three villages on the upper waters of the Chi Pwi, consisting, in all, of ten Lisa huts. There has been no payment of tribute to, or any act of control by, the Chinese for thirty-five years at least.\n\n2. On behalf of Ming Kwang Headman or Fu Yi, named Tso and Yang, claims to Hparé Tzu Chu and certain villages along the Kan Sheng (Kun Ma or \"Rolling Horse\") River, a tributary of the Ngaw Chang, of which Taw Gaw, La Chang, La Mok, Pa Mia, with the addition of Hsich Chiang (Shi Jang) and Tsaw Lang, situated on the banks of a small stream flowing into the Ngaw Chang, between Pien Ma (Hpi Maw) and Kansheng Rivers, would seem to complete the list--in all, some twelve villages and hamlets, containing 200 families, at the most, of Lashi.\n\nAll these entirely deny that they are in any sense subject to Chinese control, and we find that in fact they are quite independent. No tribute is paid or has been paid in the memory of man, and the Chinese Fu Yi are not only obviously unable to enforce their claims, but are afraid to go into the country at all. Their pretensions are based on ancient official documents, which, in their turn, are probably based on mendacious statements by the ancestors of the present Fu Yi, and supported by occasional exchanges of trifling presents in virtue of the Treaty referred to above.\n\n3. On behalf of the Ta Tang Fu Yi to one village on the Ngaw Chang, near the junction of the Shang Tawn River, between Hsich Chiang and Pien Ma, namely, Shang Lou (in Lashi Gaw Yawm); this contains some forty households, who, it appears, exchange presents once in three years with Ta Tang, \"huang lien\" being given in exchange for a buffalo, in virtue of some Treaty; but Shang Lou is in no sense under regular control by Ta Tang, though while we were at Pien Ma the Ta Tang Headman went to Shang Lou, and the people supplied him with transport.\n\n4. On behalf of the Teng Keng Fu Yi, resident on the Salween, claims to Pien Ma, U Tung, Kang Fang, and a small tract of mountainous country near the left bank of the Upper Ngaw Chang, including some five villages, nine hamlets, and some 250 households of Lisu or Lashi. Here an irregular house tax is levied, mostly in kind, and a toll on timber is taken at Kang Fang. The total amount of the revenue is uncertain, but it is not over 300 rupees a-year, and owing to the disturbed condition of the country is often less. There is nothing of the nature of regular administration or control by the Teng Keng Fu Yi.\n\nThese claims--all of which represent rather family affairs of the Chinese Headmen than the political rights of the Yunnan Government--are so trifling that, in view of the obvious advantages of the watershed frontier to both parties, the matter would be settled in ten minutes if we had a civilized Government to deal with; but the point of view from which Chinese officials look at a question such as this is altogether different from ours. Facilities for good and easy administration of frontier tribes, convenient ethnographical or geographical divisions, are matters about which none of them know or care anything. It is therefore a mistake to take them too seriously. To the Mandarins the matter is a purely personal one. Each of them who has to deal with the affair of the frontier asks himself: \"How can I get out of this without letting myself in for impeachments and accusations of giving away Celestial land and truckling to the foreigner?\" Every Boundary Commission has been followed by its crop of impeachments of this kind, and though the officials accused may manage to escape without loss of their buttons, feathers, or official position, they have had to give heavy bribes to right themselves. The result is that none of them will take any responsibility. However unreasonable and unsubstantiated claims may be, the local official will never venture to say a word which might be held to cast any doubts on their validity, or to suggest the advisability of abandoning them. So long as he sits perfectly still and does nothing, he is in a position of safety, but directly he makes a move towards definite action for settling the frontier, he finds himself in a land of pitfalls and quagmires. The Taotai\n\n## Page 19\n\nnow clearly understands what we mean by the watershed frontier. Though he seems to recognize that it is the natural frontier, that the adoption of any other line would involve his Government in the future in constant and expensive boundary disputes, that his Fu Yi have no control whatever over on the N'Maikha side, and that the Yunnan Government would never go to the expense necessary to obtain such control, it would none the less be as much as his place is worth to recommend anything inconsistent with \"They would be the wording of the musty documents which have been put forward. down on me,\" he says. The Fu Yi and my own clerks would be writing behind my back to Yunnan-fu all sorts of secret accusations. I cannot take the responsibility of doing anything of the kind,\"\n\nI wish to dwell strongly on this point, for it is the chief, if not the only, obstacle to a speedy settlement. I have pressed upon the Taotai the view that he may, without committing himself to any definite recommendations, state the facts of the case as he himself admits them to be, and also mention that I have, on behalf of the Government of Burmah, offered compensation on a liberal scale for the personal rights of the Teng Keng Fu Yi, and that there is a precedent for such a settlement in the case of the Meng Mao Triangle (Möng Wan assigned tract). I am continuing to urge this view upon him, and am not without hope that he may be induced to take action somewhat on these lines, but I hardly expect to obtain a definite statement from him before the end of this month (May); when I do, I will inform the British Legation by telegraph. If the Taotai agrees to report to the Yunnan Government in the above sense, and if the Chinese Government is pressed strongly and simultaneously by His Majesty's Minister and the Consul-General, I am of opinion that an immediate settlement may be reached, especially if the Chinese Government can be made to understand that no other frontier will ever be accepted by Burmah,\n\nEven this, however, is doubtful; as the Taotai is afraid of his colleagues at Yunnan-fu, so the provincial officials at Yunnan-fu are afraid of the censors. It is unfortunate also that Chen, the former Boundary Commissioner, is now in a position of influence at the capital as Judicial Commissioner, for he is a notorious obstructive. I rather anticipate that we shall be met by the proposal that as the N'Maikha basin belongs to nobody at present, \"face\" requires that it shall be equally divided between the two Governments. In my despatch to the Taotai, therefore, of which copy is attached, I have dwelt on the fact that the frontier proposed by us will in fact be a division of the wild tribes, all the Kachins falling to Burmah, and all the Lisu and Lu Tzu of the Salween falling to China.\n\nI may remark that the local gazetteers know nothing of these claims to country beyond the N'Maikha divide. The Chinese map of Yunnan published by the Shan Hou Chi (Board of Reorganization) at the provincial capital shows the frontier to all intents and purposes as we claim it. The Tengyueh gazetteer speaks of the three \"ai,” or narrow passes, by which are indicated the heads of the Tien Tan, Ming Kwang, and Ta Tang Valleys, as the frontier.\n\n## VIII.\n\nThe result of the present expedition has been to confirm in all main points the opinions previously submitted to His Majesty's Government. In details we have to make some corrections; the claims of the Ming Kwang Fu Yi are much more flimsy, and those of the Teng Keng Fu Yi rather more substantial, than I had anticipated, but on the whole we have only to repeat the conclusions and recommendations which have already been considered and approved by His Majesty's Government, the Government of India, and Sir Ernest Satow.\n\n1. We find that, as a matter of fact, there is not now, and is not in the least likely to be in the future, any sort of effective control or administration by the Chinese beyond the watershed. We find more particularly that the claims of the Ming Kwang Fu Yi to Tzu Chu and Hparè, on which the Chinese Government has shown itself recently inclined to dwell, are all nonsense. We therefore recommend, in the first place, that no other line but the watershed should be accepted.\n\n2. We find that, from the geographical and ethnographical point of view, the line proposed by us is not only a convenient, but may be called an ideal, frontier as far north as the confines of Thibet. It is a conspicuous and unmistakable range of mountains only passable at wide intervals, and both sides of the crest of the range are entirely\n\n* Article II, Treaty of 1897.",
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        "content_text": "## 20\n\nThe area is uninhabitable for an average distance of 6 to 8 miles from the crest. This range divides all the Kachins (on the Burmah side) from all the Chinese (on the Yunnon side). Further, all the Lisu, with the exception of a few scattered hamlets, and all the Lu Tzu would be on the Chinese side. Moreover, the frontier proposed is already recognized as such by the natives all along the line, even in the case of the Pien Ma people, who, while recognizing themselves as tributary to Teng Keng, still regard the watershed as the frontier between them and China proper.\n\n3. We find that the adoption of any other frontier would be highly detrimental to the interests of Burmah and in the long run scarcely less injurious to China. Chinese territorial claims on the N'Maikha side could not be recognized without forming an enclave where all the discontented, restless, or criminal spirits could find a safe refuge beyond the reach of the British Government. This would greatly increase the expense and difficulty of even a partial administration. Such an enclave would have to be surrounded by a line of forts, maintained at heavy cost. That the Yunnan Government will not, indeed cannot, reduce its tribes to order is not a matter of speculation, but of actual experience, witness the Blamo frontier, where considerable tracts on the China side are under no sort of control and Burmah has to maintain a military police force to an extent which, so far as the British Kachins are concerned, would be wholly unnecessary.\n\nIf Yunnan cannot control these Kachins, who are close to the main trade routes and adjacent to Tengyueh, what likelihood is there that any serious steps would be taken by the Mandarins to establish order in the distant N'Maikha basin, especially when even the pretence of a military force in West Yunnan has been abandoned? This being the case, to recognize their claims would be to involve them in constant difficulties with regard to frontier disputes. What the Chinese really want is precisely what we ought not to concede, namely, that we should save their face by recognizing their claims and they should nevertheless not be put to any expense or trouble in order to control or to police the country claimed; in other words, that we should admit their full rights of sovereignty without expecting them to fulfil any of its duties. The Taotai assures me that the Fu Yi will guarantee the good behaviour of the tribes and that he will guarantee the good behaviour of the Fu Yi; but this does not improve matters; it is simply Bardolph going bail for Falstaff. I should, like the tailor, want better assurance.\n\n4. We suggest that there is now quite sufficient information to enable a frontier to be laid down at Peking or London, and therefore recommend that His Majesty's Government should not consent to dispatch any further parties for inquiry or delimitation, except possibly to lay down boundary pillars when the frontier has been accepted by China. We further recommend that no further discussion with the Chinese as to what the boundary is to be should be entertained after the results of the present inquiry, with the map, have been laid before them. The negotiations, if any, should be confined to the presentation of a draft Convention in which the only matter for discussion is the amount and mode of payment of the compensation to be made by Burmah for Teng Keng's claims; or, in the alternative, if the Chinese refuse to sign such a Convention, to a declaration that the water-divide is the line which we intend to regard as the frontier in future.\n\n5. As regards payment, we suggest that not only the revenue actually obtained by Teng Keng should be considered, but also the value to the Government of Burmah of a speedy settlement. A payment of 500 rupees per annum will, in fact, more than compensate for the discontinuance of present actual receipts, but it will be well worth while to pay 1,000 rupees, or even a few hundreds more, to obtain an immediate acceptance of the line proposed.\n\nWhile the convenience of paying a lump sum to extinguish the claims once and for all may be admitted, it will probably on the whole be preferable to pay an annuity to the Chinese Headmen, which they would receive quamdiu se bene gesserint. If after a settlement had been reached they molested or caused disorder among the people on the N'Maikha side, payment could be withheld, whereas if a lump sum had been paid we should have no further hold over them. Moreover, the Chinese are more likely to be willing to accept an annual payment than a lump sum, as the latter might be regarded as a transaction for the sale of Celestial land. The money could be paid via the Consul and the Taotai to the Chinese Headmen in such proportions as the Taotai might direct, though, as a fact, Teng Keng is the only man who has any claims to a single rupee.\n\n6. We recommend that every effort, by simultaneous and continuous pressure both at Peking and Yunnan, should be made to induce the Chinese Government to accept the watershed frontier.\n\n## 21\n\n7. If they consent to this, there seem no reasons why the Government of Burmah should be in any hurry to administer the country, but it might possibly be advisable to send a small expedition to establish friendly relations with the Lashi Headmen along the Ngaw Chang, Kan Sheng, and Pien Ma Rivers, and to explain to them that henceforth they are not subject to China, and that the Chinese Headmen have no right to molest them.\n\n8. If the Chinese still refuse to abandon their pretensions, then it will be for the Government of Burmah to consider whether the advance of British administration, or at least of control, along the N'Maikha should not be accelerated. The only argument against this (but it is a weighty one) is the expense; on the other hand, it is clear that sooner or later this expense will have to be undertaken. The people at present seem friendly to us on the N'Maikha side, and there appears for the moment to be little danger of Chinese intrigues. It is therefore probable that the sooner the task is taken up, the less expensive it will be. Further, the sooner the country comes under British control, the sooner the question of the frontier will be finally settled and the danger of friction with the Chinese avoided. It may be argued and admitted that the territory in dispute is of no immediate or intrinsic value, and that there is no necessity to take immediate action, or even that graceful concessions may be made to the Chinese in respect of it; it is—\n\n\"a little patch of ground  \nThat hath in it no profit but the name.  \nTo pay  \nfive ducats, five, I would not farm it;  \nNor will it yield to Norway or the Pole  \nA ranker rate should it be sold in fee.\"\n\nThe reply is that, in considering a frontier, attention has to be paid to the possibilities of the distant future, and not merely to the political convenience of the moment. While the territory is intrinsically worthless, it is of much importance in matters of this kind. Graceful concessions in relation to the future administration of a vast tract of country have never helped us with the Chinese; besides, to yield on this point would be to confer on our Celestial friends a damnosa hereditas.\n\nOn the whole, we submit that no time should be lost in taking such action as will place beyond all doubt or possibility of future question the principle that the whole of the basin of the Irrawaddy up to the Salween divide is within the sphere of Indian influence. To secure this, it will not be necessary to touch any of the country west of the N'Maikha, nor on the east of that river, to set up an administration so precise as that which now exists in the Kachin Hills near Bhamo. All that seems to be called for is some improvement of the principal line of communication from the Shi Ngaw River, first to the Chi Pwi, then to the line of the Kan Sheng-Ngaw Chang, and then along the Ngaw Chang, all this country being gradually brought within the sphere of the Civil Officer's tour, and special attention being paid to establishing good relations with the Hparè, Lung Pang, and Pien Ma Headmen, who are nearest to China.\n\nIf these ends could be attained without fighting, there would, perhaps, be no present necessity for establishing a military post, which could not be done without great expense, especially for rationing. The country beyond and to the north of Ngaw Chang, which is inhabited by wild Marus, is so far from any Chinese influences that its administration may probably in any case be indefinitely postponed.\n\nIt is true that past experience among other Kachins goes to show that this tract could not be brought under control without military operations. But I may observe that most of the serious collisions which have occurred in the Kachin country, such as at Sima, Sadôn, and Matang in the early '90's, or at Hparè in 1900, were the immediate outcome of intrigues directed from the Tengyueh yamêns by Chinese officials. Now that so responsible an official as a Taotai is at Tengyueh in charge of frontier affairs, it is less likely that we shall have to anticipate difficulties of that kind; at least the Consular officers now established in Yünnan would probably be able to detect any such conspiracy. For the present, I anticipate nothing of the kind, and that is another reason why the opportunity seems favourable for an advance of British control up the N'Maikha; later on, the Mandarins may begin their old tricks again, for their real character remains ever the same, Naturam expellas furca, tamen usque recurret. Further, the Kachins now understand better what British control means, and are less likely to resent it, and less likely to listen to the Chinese.\n\n9. If the limit of our control is pushed north, it may be advisable to remember that the upper waters of the N'Maikha are auriferous, perhaps highly auriferous. Until expert opinion has been obtained on the point, it would be well to abstain from granting any extensive concessions in this country.\n\nPage 443  \nPage 450  \nPage 451",
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        "title": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "content_text": "## 10\n\nNo reference was made by us to that upper eastern branch of the Irrawaddy known to the Chinese as the Chiu River (probably the Aklying of Pottinger), whose basin is inhabited by the little-known tribe of Chiu Tzu. From inquiries made on the Upper Mekong, it seems that the Chiu Tzu are partly tributary to the Chief of Yetche, on the Mekong (left bank), who in his turn is subject to China. The Chinese officials have little or no notion of where the Chiu River is or who the Chiu Tzu are. I therefore thought that it would only confuse matters to raise the question of so distant and difficult a country. It is, I think, out of the question for the Chinese ever to send a military expedition to so remote and inaccessible a locality, except possibly in the wake of the French missionaries, but I hope to gather some more information concerning the Chin next autumn. It is submitted, however, that any claims to the Chiu district could be dealt with in the same way as the Teng Keng claims, and that our present knowledge of the general geography of the country is sufficient to justify His Majesty's Government in pressing for a recognition of the Salween-Irrawaddy divide as the frontier as far at least as latitude 28°. If the Chinese reply by raising the question of Chin, then the present delimitation might be confined to latitude 26° 30′, which is the limit of the Lao Wo Chief on the Salween; or, better still, it might be provided that the divide should be the frontier up to latitude 28°, but that His Majesty's Government would compensate on a liberal scale any Chiefs on the Chinese side who might subsequently be found to have customary rights to dues from tribes in the Irrawaddy basin. The suggestion in paragraph 4 above, that no further joint parties of inquiry should be sent (a demand which the Chinese are very likely to put forward), applies especially to the Chin district, whence the Irrawaddy has its eastern sources. This is probably about the least known and most difficult country in the world. No supplies, even for a small party of, say, twenty-five, would be procured nearer than Atentse or Yetche on the Upper Mekong, both of which are at least fifteen marches from the Chiu district, crossing two great rivers—the Mekong and the Salween—by rope bridges, and two passes of 11,000 to 13,000 feet. Mule transport is out of the question, and a coolie can only carry as much as will feed himself for twenty-four days. Supplies, even from Atentse or Yetche, could be cut off by hostile lamaseries, who are under no sort of control. The Chinese accompanying such an expedition would certainly be insolent and violent to the tribes, and no results could be expected at all commensurate with the expense and danger which such a wild-goose chase would involve. From Barmah or Assam, the Chiu country is equally inaccessible. It is desirable that more exact geographical and general information than is now available should be obtained, but if the Chiu country is ever to be explored, a Chinese official or soldier is the very last person in the world who ought to be allowed to join the party. Indeed, no Mandarin of any position or influence could ever reach the Chiu, because he would have to walk; but if he could walk, he would not be a man of position or influence.\n\n## 11\n\nA translation of the despatch which I have addressed to the Taotai is attached. The map of the country examined, with the names in English and Chinese—the latter having been settled by the Taotai—is submitted.\n\nConsiderable difficulty was experienced in fixing the Chinese names, for the same place is often differently designated by different tribes and again differently by the Chinese; often there is no recognized Chinese character for a place; it is therefore suggested that the characters given with the present map should be finally adopted. Further, different reaches of the same river are differently named by the same tribe. Take, for instance, the N'Maikha. Last year I wrongly reported that this was known to the Chinese as the Maiku River, but I now find that the Maiku River is the Shi Ngaw, tributary of the N'Maika, so called from a Kachin village on its bank. The name N'Maikha is unknown to the Chinese except to one or two officials, who have got it from our maps. N'Maikha is the name given to the river by the Ching Paw Kachins near the confluence, who are known to the Chinese as Pu Man. The Lashis call it La Pie, which simply means \"the river.\" Some of the Chinese regard it as simply part of the Ngaw Chang or Hsiao Chiang (Little River). Others regard it as part of the Irrawaddy, and accordingly call it Chin Sha Chiang, or Golden Sand River. On several occasions I heard it called simply Chiang, or river, which is an adoption of the Lashi word La Pie.\n\nThe Upper N'Maikha above the junction of the Ngaw Chang was referred to by the few Chinese I met who knew of its existence as the Langsu (or Maru) River. After discussion with the Taotai, we have adopted the somewhat barbarous \"Ngen Mai Ka,\" or \"Ngen Mai Kei,\" failing any recognized official version.\n\n## 12\n\nThe following is submitted as a suggestion for a draft of the text of a Convention which could be accepted by the Government of Burmah:\n\n### Draft Convention\n\n**(a.)** From Manung Pum, the high, conical peak in latitude 25° 33′ N., the frontier will follow the crest of the watershed range between the N'Maikha River with its tributaries to the north, and the Ta Ping and Shweli (Lung Chiang) Rivers with their tributaries to the south, until it reaches the watershed between the Salween and the Irrawaddy Rivers.\n\nThe following are the names by which certain points on this crest are known: the Pan Wa Ya Kou Pass, the Tzu Mei (sister) Peak, the Ta Ya Kou Pass, the Tzu Chu Ya Kou Pass, the Fen Shui Ling Pass, the Ta Ho Tou Ridge.\n\n| Localities and Natural Features | Belong to |\n| --- | --- |\n| Valleys (Pa-tzu) of Luu Ma and Tan Tsa, the Lang Ya Shan Peak, the Tien Tan Valley, the Ming Kwang Valley, the Ta Tang Valley | China |\n| Valleys of the Shi Ngaw, Tun Maw, and Chi Pwi Rivers; the Hparè Valley, the Tzu Chu Valley; the Valleys of the Shi Jang and Kan Sheng Streams, the Pien Ma Valley; and the valley of the Ngaw Chang, otherwise known as the Hsiao Chiang Stream | Burmah |\n\nThence the frontier will follow the crest of the lofty and conspicuous range known locally as the Kao Li Kung, which forms the watershed between the Salween and the Irrawaddy as far as latitude (?), passing through the crest of the Pien Ma Ya Kou Pass.\n\nThe whole of the basin of the Salween (Lu Chiang) thus belongs to China, and the whole of the basin of the Irrawaddy River to Burmah.\n\n**(b.)** As the frontier now laid down follows conspicuous ranges of hills and is locally well known, no further demarcation on the spot will be necessary, but it is agreed that officers will be dispatched by both Governments to erect boundary pillars at the principal passes over the ranges which form the frontier. Any difficulty in recognizing the places mentioned will be settled by reference to the map which is attached to the English and Chinese versions of this Convention, and which is hereby recognized by both Governments as authoritative.\n\n**(c.)** It is understood that this Convention does not affect the frontier of the various Thibetan districts, which will be reserved for future discussion.\n\n**(d.)** The Yunnan Government having reported that certain Headmen (`Fu Yi`) on the Chinese side of the frontier claim customary presents or pecuniary dues from villages situated on the Burmah side thereof, the British Government agrees to pay to the Chinese Government an annual sum of ... rupees in full compensation for the extinction of such claims. All jurisdiction and sovereignty over such villages shall henceforth reside in His Britannic Majesty for ever. It is agreed that this sum of rupees shall be paid annually commencing from the ... by His Britannic Majesty's Consul at Tengyueh, through the Taotai of West Yunnan, to be distributed to the said Headmen (`Fu Yi`) in such proportions as the Chinese Government may direct. (And any customary rights to similar presents or dues which the Chinese Headmen in the Salween or Mekong Valleys north of Teng Keng may be subsequently found to possess will be considered by His Majesty's Government, and, if substantiated, dealt with in a liberal spirit.)\n\nI have avoided all reference to a lease in the above draft, as the Chinese Government may be averse to the use of such a term, but the same result will be attained if certain territory be formally admitted to be Chinese and a lease in perpetuity granted for the same at a rent of the same amount as the proposed compensation. In this case, the Convention might read: \"The boundary-line between the territory to be administered by the Provincial Governments of Burmah and Yunnan shall be,\" &c. (as above), and clause (d) will read \"as rent for such villages and their lands,\" instead of \"in full compensation for such rights.\"\n\nIt is important that in the Chinese text, such terms as \"the Ming Kwang Valley\" (Pa-tzu), or the \"Tien Tan River,\" should be used, not merely \"Ming Kwang\" or \"Tien Tan,\" otherwise the Chinese will raise difficulties on the ground that villages on the N'Maikha side are an integral part of Ming Kwang or Tien Tan. It also seems very desirable that His Majesty's Minister should insist that a copy of the map, with names of places marked in Chinese, be attached to the Chinese as well as the English version of the Convention.\n\nI have drafted this Report in consultation with my colleague, Mr. Leveson. I am indebted to him for all the information concerning local Kachin polities which it contains.\n\nPage 23  \nPage 444",
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        "content_text": "## Page 29\n\nThe route was a mere track over unusually mountainous and difficult country with a very sparse population: only ten families of Lisu, in a very poor condition, were found (in the villages mentioned). For many years past they have neither paid tribute nor made presents.\n\nOn leaving Ma Li Pa we proceeded on the 31st March to Ta Chai, in the Ming Kwang Valley, to the east of Tien Tan. This valley is in the Tengyueh Sub-Prefecture and under the jurisdiction of the two Fu Yi, Tso and Yang. For a distance of nearly 100 li from Ku Tung bazaar northwards to the head of the Ming Kwang River the valley is inhabited by a mixed population of Chinese and Lisu, but most of the latter can speak Chinese and in every way resemble Chinamen. The Ming Kwang River rises to the north of Ta Chu Pa and flows down to Ku Tung bazaar, being the true source of the Shweli; along the north-west of the Upper Ming Kwang Valley there is a lofty range of mountains connecting with the Sisters Hill and the Pan Wa Pass, and forming the divide between the N'Maikha and Shweli Rivers. All the streams on the east side of this ridge belong to the Ming Kwang-Shweli system; all the streams to the west of it flow into the N'Maikha and Irrawaddy.\n\nTo take this range as the frontier would be to adopt the true natural line. But your Government stated that Hparè, Tzu Chu, Pien Ma, and other places situated to the west of the watershed belonged by rights to the Fu Yi Yang and Tso of Ming Kwang; these Fu Yi also presented two certificates and a copy of a Memorial bearing on this question to your Honour for my inspection.\n\nUnder these circumstances the Deputy Commissioner of Bhamo, together with your Deputy, Mr. Tai, proceeded from Ming Kwang to Hparè in order to make a careful investigation on the spot.\n\nThe distance proved to be nearly 80 li, and the track was through mountainous and uninhabited country for the whole way. In the two villages of Upper and Lower Hparè there are only some thirty odd households, all of them Lashi Kachius; just below the village the Hparè and Tzu Chu Streams join to form the Kun Ma (Khansheng) River, which flows into the Ngaw Chang, and so into the Irrawaddy.\n\nThe village of Tzu Chu also contains some thirty families of Lashi and is only separated from Hparè by a minor ridge of hills.\n\nMr. Leveson, in concert with Mr. Tai, examined the Headmen of these villages. Their statement was in effect as follows:\n\n\"We are not subject to the Fu Yi, nor do we pay taxes to him; but formerly when festivities took place at the Fu Yi's we offered presents, and when we had any festivities the Fu Yi made return presents to us. Since the Fu Yi raided our village and robbed us of our ploughing oven we have had a feud with the Fu Yi and hold no communication with him. Formerly the Fu Yi engaged us to protect the road (along the Kun Ma) and gave us 25 rupees and some gunpowder for doing so, but of recent years this payment has not been made.\n\n\"We are in the habit of going backwards and forwards over the frontier for the purpose of trading with the Chinese, and they do the like, but we never go over the frontier to cultivate. We know nothing about the certificate investing Yang Fu Yi with the title of Hereditary Sergeant of Hparè or how he came by it, but we do know that we have never been subject to him.”\n\nThese statements agree with my own observations. Not only does not the Fu Yi control this district, but he does not even dare to go there; so it is perfectly clear that he cannot control it; nor can I understand how the certificates come to speak of the \"Fu Yi Yang of Hparè in Ming Kwang\" and the \"Fu Yi Tso of Tzu Chu in Ming Kwang,\" seeing that Ming Kwang is distant from Hparè and Tzu Chu nearly 100 li. To insist that they are in the same district is as though we were to talk of Mandalay in the district of Yung Chang, or Yung Chang in the district of Mandalay.\n\nUnder these circumstances, I would invite your Honour to point out in what possible sense these Fu Yi can be said to govern these villages.\n\nMr. Leveson and myself further inquired into the conditions and history of Pien Ma, the Kun Ma River, and the Hsiao Chiang or Ngaw Chang. The Headmen stated that some generations ago the Chinese and the Kachins had fallen out, the Chinese Chiefs of Ming Kwang, Ta Tang, and Teng Keng had united their forces and made an incursion beyond the watershed and beyond the Ngaw Chang, raiding the village of Lan Pang and killing many persons, whereby the Kachins suffered heavy damage. The Lashi Headmen then collected their people and made a counter-raid over the divide.\n\n## Page 447\n\nThey burnt Teng Keng and killed two of the Chinese Fu Yi's family; they then looted the Ming Kwang Valley as far as Ku Tung bazaar.\n\nAfter this the various parties negotiated a peace, and it was agreed that they should mutually exchange presents of local produce, as a pledge of amity, Ming Kwang every three years exchanged presents with the villages of Hparè, Lung Pung, and those along the Kun Ma and Ngaw Chang Rivers; Teng Keng exchanged them with Pien Ma and U Tung; Ta Tang with Shang Lon and Chih Ka.\n\nSubsequently the Pien Ma people looted some cattle belonging to Lung Pang and Chih Ka, whereupon these villages looted and burnt Pien Ma. The Pien Ma people, being few and weak, then voluntarily invited the Chinese of Teng Keng to come to their assistance in order to have their revenge. The Teng Keng people consented and burnt the two villages of Lung Pang and Chih Ka. This is the reason why to this day Pien Ma makes a small annual payment of tribute to Teng Keng. In the case of Ta Tang, the villages of Shang Lou and Chih Ka commonly present \"huang lien\" and receive in exchange a plough ox.\n\nBut these various Headmen are not under any administrative control by the Chinese officials.\n\nNow these statements agree in the main with what your Honour told me, namely, that in the reign of Chia Ching (early nineteenth century) the Chinese Fu Yi had made a warlike expedition to the Ngaw Chang. No doubt we must not believe all that we are told by the Kachin Headmen, but neither can I believe the statement of the Chinese Fu Yi to the effect that they subjected this country to regular control.\n\nThe questions concerning Pien Ma and the Hsiao Chiang (Ngaw Chang) being of much importance in regard to the frontier, we determined personally to proceed from Ming Kwang to Pien Ma to make inquiries. The way leads over the Fen Shui Ling Pass, and so to the head of the Pien Ma River, a distance of over 80 li, all of which is uninhabited, while progress is exceedingly difficult on account of the mountainous character of the country. This pass, the Fen Shui Ling, is close to the head of the Ming Kwang River, which is the true source of the Shweli. The hills at the back of this river-source form the water-divide between the Hsiao Chiang or Little River and the Ming Kwang, and this water-divide is connected with the main water-divide between the Salween and the Irrawaddy; this main divide stretches northwards as far as the confines of Thibet, and is a snow-blocked range almost impossible to cross, and is locally known by the Teng Keng and Ming Kwang people as the Kao Li Kung snow mountains.\n\nOn account of the difficulty of travelling, Mr. Leveson and myself only reached Pien Ma and met your Honour on the 16th April, when we proceeded to our investigations. It appears that there are only some 200 odd families of Kachins and Lisu at Pien Ma, who pay a house tax amounting to about 50 taels a-year to Teng Keng, who also levies a toll on coffin wood to the amount of some 100 taels a-year, or, in all, 150 taels (about) per year; but Pien Ma has a feud with Shang Lon, and Lung Pang has a feud with Teng Keng, and there is no communication between these villages. Chinese traders proceeding to these places suffer loss, but the Chinese Fu Yi do nothing whatever to administer the country beyond levying their revenue.\n\nAs to the villages beyond the Ngaw Chang, their condition has been truly described in your Honour's letter to me: they are beyond the pale of government.\n\nIt may be said of the whole of this country that it is clear that neither the Chinese officials nor the Fu Yi can control it. It is to be feared that the Kachins in Barmah territory may subsequently suffer from the raids of these people.\n\nAfter your Honour and myself had crossed the mountains to Lu Chang by the Salween, Mr. Leveson proceeded to both banks of the Ngaw Chang to make inquiries, and the local Headmen all came to see him; the surveyor also proceeded some distance beyond Lung Pang. Nowhere did the Kachins cause any trouble, and it appears from this that they are not naturally savage, but have simply never been subject to Chinese jurisdiction.\n\nOn the banks of the Salween we found that the three Chiefs of Teng Keng, Lu Chang, and Mao Chao are all subject to Yung Chang's jurisdiction. North of Mao Chao the country is entirely populated by Lisu, nominally subject to La Wo. North of the Lisu country are the Nu Tzu, and north of the Nu Tzu (or Lu Tzu) is Thibetan territory. This is a general survey of the condition of the banks of the Salween.\n\nThe west bank of the Salween is entirely populated by Lisu; the country west, again, of the great Salween-Irrawaddy divide is entirely populated by Marus (Lang Su), who are under no Government, and have little or no communication with the Lisu.\n\n[2167-1]",
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        "content_text": "## 30\n\nWe proceeded northwards, and surveyed as far as the boundary of Li Chiang territory; we thence returned to Tengyueh on account of the heavy rains which had commenced.\n\nThe Upper Salween country is of great importance to West Yunnan, and though it has not yet been opened up, it will in future naturally fall within the sphere of Yunnan control. Burma will raise no objection to this; but the upper waters of the Irrawaddy are of the utmost importance to Burma, and though the country has not yet been developed, it must ultimately belong to Burma.\n\nTo sum up, commencing from the source of the Ming Kwang River, and thence proceeding straight up to the crest of the Kao Li Kung snow range, and then proceeding north along this crest to Tibet, all country which is in the basins of the Shweli or the Salween should belong to Yunnan, and all country which is in the basin of the Irrawaddy should belong to Burma. According to this division, all the Lisu and Lu Tzu of the Salween will be in Yunnan, and all the Kachins and Marus will be in Burma, and there will be a definite boundary in the shape of a great snow-clad range.\n\nAs for the presents and tolls now taken from the Kachins by the Teng Keng and other Chinese Headmen, the Government of Burma is willing to make liberal compensation so as to avoid the least loss falling upon your Fu Yi; but not only is my Government unable at the present moment to recognize any of the country on the west of the watershed as Chinese territory, but they cannot contemplate that in the future any part of it can be assigned to Yunnan. I will now proceed to explain to your Honour the reasons for this, which I hope you will take into consideration:\n\n1. At present, none of the villages in the Ngaw Chang basin are in point of fact controlled by your Fu Yi. I think that your Honour is very well aware of the feeble and vicious character of these Fu Yi; but the Government of Burma already controls the Shi Ngaw and Tun Maw Valleys. The inhabitants are of the same tribe as those of the Ngaw Chang, and will therefore easily be brought under control.\n\n2. As the Fu Yi are unable to control this tract, still less will the Chinese officials of Tengyueh be able to control it, in view of the distance, the mountains, and the difficulty of procuring supplies. Thus, the Burma Government would have to establish military posts all along their frontier. This could not be done under an annual cost of several tens of thousands of taels. If posts are not established, then Burma will constantly be suffering damage, as may be seen from what has happened in Meng Mao and Meng Wan (Bhamo frontier).\n\nIt follows the crest. The boundary which I have now suggested is the natural one.\n\n3. It assigns all the Kachin villages to Burma, assigns all the Chinese-inhabited villages to China; it gives all the Upper Salween and Upper Shweli to China, and all the Irrawaddy to Burma; further, both sides of the watershed are uninhabited, and covered with dense forest for a distance of over 10 li from the crest, and this divide has always been regarded by the local people as a frontier. Thus, the line suggested is not only in accordance with the geography of the place, but is suitable as an ethnographical frontier.\n\n4. On the west of the divide, the whole country consists of a complicated mass of cliffs and numerous rivers; in fact, no frontier can be found except the watershed. If this is not accepted, serious calamities will supervene along the border.\n\n5. The \"Tengyueh Gazetteer\" gives the three \"ai\" or narrow passes (Ming Kwang, Ta Tang, Tien Tan) as the frontier; the \"Yung Chang Gazetteer\" gives the Kachin Hills as the frontier; the official general map of Yunnan gives the watershed as the frontier; last year, the Chinese Foreign Office, in a despatch addressed to His Majesty's Minister, declared that, after repeated inquiries, no such river as the N'Maikha could be found. These points clearly show how the matter really stands.\n\n6. The country to the west of the watershed is quite valueless to China, but on account of its geographical situation is of much importance to Burma. If it is not assigned to Burma, the control of a large stretch of country will be rendered difficult to that Government.\n\nThese are the reasons why the watershed forms the most suitable frontier. When the frontier between Meng Mao and Bhamo was being delimited, it was found that a district known as the triangle, and nominally under the Meng Mao jurisdiction, was inhabited by Kachins addicted to raiding. Its possession by Meng Mao was useless to Meng Mao and injurious to Burma. It was therefore agreed that the district should be placed under the jurisdiction of Burma, and that Burma should pay 1,000 rupees per annum as compensation; thus, Meng Mao receives a larger revenue than formerly, and the country has been reduced to peace and order, to the mutual benefit of both parties.\n\nIn the present instance, as loss might be incurred by the Chinese Headmen, the two Governments might act in accordance with the precedent of the Meng Mao triangle, and a perpetual lease might be granted to Burma. The rent would be paid over to the Chinese officials for distribution at their discretion among their various Headmen, the proportions in which the money would be distributed being no concern of the Government of Burma.\n\nBurma would willingly pay this sum by way of compensation, and would on no account permit any loss to fall upon your Headmen.\n\nWe have made the joint inquiry into the frontier according to our instructions, but as we have no authority to delimit, I would request your Honour now to report to your Government, while I will submit to His Majesty's Minister a report in terms similar to this despatch. We must then await further orders from our Governments, on the receipt of which we can proceed to an amicable settlement. Any slight differences of opinion which we may have will, I think, be easily settled by negotiation.\n\n**(Confidential.)**\n\n## Inclosure 12 in No. 1.\n\n**Government of Burma to Government of India.**\n\nMaymyo, June 24, 1905. IN continuation of my letter dated the 19th June, 1905, I am directed to submit, for the information of the Government of India, copies of papers which relate to the frontier between Burma and Yunnan, north of Manangpum.\n\n2. The papers show that Mr. Litton has made a definite claim to fix the Irrawaddy-Salween watershed as the boundary up to the confines of Tibet. In my letter above cited, the Lieutenant-Governor has shown cause for not pressing our claims to a fixed boundary higher than latitude 20° 30′ and for not basing any argument on tribal distribution. If, however, the Chinese Government can be brought to agree to the watershed as a frontier up to the confines of Tibet on payment of a fixed sum, there is no objection. His Honour would, however, deprecate any precise statement as to where China ends and Tibet begins, and would also prefer not to agree to pay rent or compensation to an amount to be fixed by subsequent inquiry.\n\n3. Sir Herbert White concurs in Mr. Litton's suggestion that the Imperial and Provincial Governments of China and Yunnan should be clearly made to understand that the British Government is determined to have the watershed frontier, and that, if China is not willing to forego shadowy claims in return for a cash payment, the Government of Burma will be instructed to occupy and administer the country without further negotiation. For reasons stated by Mr. Litton in his letter dated the 7th June to Sir E. Satow, it appears likely that this argument will exercise considerable influence upon the Government of Yunnan.\n\nI am to submit a copy of Mr. Litton's map with the boundary suggested by Taotai Shih and that suggested by Mr. Litton, marked with red and blue lines respectively. The Ngaw Chang would be a very bad boundary, as there are villages on both sides near to each other, and there might be frequent disputes. The boundary suggested by Mr. Litton is clearly the most suitable in every respect.\n\n**(Confidential.)**\n\n## Inclosure 13 in No. 1.\n\n**Acting Consul Litton to Government of Burma.**\n\nTengyueh, June 8, 1905. IN continuation of my Report on the joint examination of the northern undelimited frontier, I have the honour to transmit a copy of a despatch which... \n\n## 31\n\n448",
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        "document_key": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "page_number": 458,
        "title": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "content_text": "## 36\n\nbefore me, and they stated in evidence to me: \"Hparè, Tzu Chu, Shih Jang, To Yo, Pa Yang, Tu Mu, had been previously subject to the control of the Fu Yi Yung and Tso. Formerly the Fu Yi presented us with oxen, wine, and ornaments, and on another occasion with spades, ploughs, and axes, ordering the villages to commence cultivation, but, as they had not yet succeeded in doing so, no report had been made of the acreage or of the crops produced. The official residences of the Fu Yi used to be in Hparè and Tzu Chu; later, on account of disturbances, they moved over into Chinese territory. Since then, although the Fu Yi never come in person, the villagers, every three or five years, get presents of oxen, wine, &c., and their relations with the Chinese are amicable, nor are there any feuds between them. The villagers had resided there all their lives, but had never stated that the pass was the frontier, or that they were not subject to the Fu Yi.\" \n\nThis was their evidence, and they executed a voluntary bond to this effect, signing the same by finger-marks. Thus, if we are to take the evidence given to the Deputy Commissioner as a proof of the facts, the evidence and the bond submitted to me must be equally good proof.\n\nThe certificates of succession which are in the hands of the Fu Yi have been examined by me, and really bear the seals of the Board; they are not forgeries. Nor are the certificates themselves the only proof, for the fact of their issue may also be found set forth in the provincial \"Gazetteer.\" These certificates are the title-deeds of succession, and they are not issued without definite and recorded proof of the genealogical descent; besides, these certificates go back to an old date, before Burmah was subject to your Government. Now how can you, in these latter days, when the question of the frontier has arisen, claim to occupy further territory on such grounds as these?\n\nIt is the fact that Hparè and Tzu Chu are distant about 100 li from Ming Kwang, but in Yünnan the country is extensive and the population scanty. When the natives once shift their place of residence, it is quite usual that they should move to a distance of several hundred li. Thus we must not, on the mere ground that these Fu Yi have moved to a comparatively distant place, doubt that these villages were their ancient inheritance. Again, the villages controlled by Tso Fu Yi have a mixed population of Chinese and barbarians, but Yang Fu Yi, having removed his residence to Chung Tan (in Lower Ming Kwang), is surrounded by villages wholly inhabited by Chinese, without any barbarians; thus he has none of the tribesmen under his immediate control, and his may be considered a title borrowed from former times. His name of Fu Yi does not agree with the facts, but that Tzu Chu and Hparè were formerly governed by these Fu Yi is a matter which admits of no doubt, therefore it cannot be said that I have, so to say, forced these villages into a position in Ming Kwang.\n\nThen, again, you describe the results of Mr. Leveson's and your investigations as to the history and conditions of Pieu Ma, and the Ngaw Chang and Khan Sheng Rivers as given by the Headman, who stated that they have never been subject to China. You remark that, while the statements of the Headmen cannot be altogether accepted, the statements of the Fu Yi to the effect that they reduced this country to subjection are still less to be credited.\n\nBut I find that the story of the expedition by the Fu Yi to the Ngaw Chang does not merely rest on the personal statement of those Chiefs, but in a joint Memorial by the Boards of Civil Office and of Revenue in the days of Chia Ching, it is set forth that a Chinese General, Hsieh, led troops in a punitive expedition against the rebels of Chen Ka, that subsequently the Fu Yi joined the expedition and gained credit by subduing the country, and finally that the country was divided up among them. The Chiefs also have sealed documents which are evidence of this division.\n\n* Villages on the Khan Sheng and Ngaw Chang Rivers.\n† This is all nonsense; these villages have numerous ricefields, though they were not started through the Fu Yi's orders.\n‡ There is no evidence whatever that the Fu Yi ever lived over the watershed; if they had they would have left some traces. The natives, too, deny it.\n§ This interview appears to be a fabrication; at any rate we heard nothing of it till this despatch. See my note to the Taotai.\n¶ See my note to the Taotai.\n|| Lit. \"Cherisher of barbarians.\"\n** The Taotai does not assert that there is now any effective control.\n†† Early nineteenth century.\n‡‡ Upper Salween.\n§§ Veracity is not a leading characteristic of Chinese Generals or of Chinese documents.\n\n## 37\n\nThe statements made by the Headmen in response to your inquiries, namely, that it was simply a case of feuds and fights between the Chinese and the tribes and that then presents were exchanged in order to make peace, but that the country was never under the government of Chinese officials—these statements, I say, seem to rest on traditions which in the course of long years have departed from the real facts; we cannot put our faith in such traditions in preference to the proofs afforded by official documents. Besides, the Teng Keng Headman even now collects a house tax and a \"kang\" or toll; I need hardly point out at length that this affords precise evidence that he administers the country.\n\nThen you state that all along the west bank of the Lu-Chiang or Salween the inhabitants are Lisu, and that to the west of the great snowy range, between the Salween and the Irrawaddy, are the Langsu (Marus); these latter, you say, have hitherto been independent and have no intercourse with the Lisu. I would remark that the Kachins and other tribes have their seats in the remote hills and valleys. Their manners are rude and barbarous. Not only is it the case that when divided by rivers and ranges they have no communication with each other, but even households situated within sight of each other have no intercourse. The Lisu and Langsu are two different tribes; that they should have no intercourse is therefore to be expected, and it would seem that this circumstance is not to be taken as a proof in itself that these people are under no control.\n\nThen you state that the Gazetteers of Yung Chang and Tengyueh, together with the provincial map and provincial Gazetteer, all give the Kachin Hills or the water-parting as the boundary, and you quote the despatch of my Foreign Office which states that there is no such river as the Naikha.\n\nBut these wild frontier districts are rarely visited by man, and the Gazetteers do not contain full details about them. Thus, for instance, the Nampaung Stream, the western boundary of Tengyueh, and the Nam Yang River, the south boundary of Tengyueh, are not mentioned in the Gazetteers; it cannot be said, therefore, that they are not in China. Further, when the Gazetteer states that the north-west frontier (of Tengyueh) reaches to the boundary of the Lashi (Cha Shan) Kachins, it implies that such part of the Lashi country as is under the jurisdiction of our titled Chiefs is excluded (from the independent country). Now Hparè and Tzu Chu are situated in the Lashi country, but they are also our chieftainships. Tengyueh is given by the Gazetteer as Nan Tien, and the south-west as Kangai; yet Kangai and Nan Tien are none the less Chinese dependencies. When I suggest that the Ngaw Chang is the boundary of the jurisdictions of our Chiefs, I mean the same as when it is said that the Nampaung and Nam Yang Rivers are the frontiers of our Sawbwas.\n\nAgain, in Yunnan there are numerous mountains, and water-divides consequently occur in every direction. Thus, along the borders of the Tengyueh and Yung Chang districts, and in the Yung Lung territory, there are numerous water-partings. It seems, therefore, that we cannot insist that a particular watershed is the boundary of civilized and uncivilized country.\n\nThen you go on to remark that possession of both banks of the Lu Chiang (Upper Salween) is a matter of the greatest importance to West Yunnan, and that though at present this country has not been developed, it should, in the future, be subject to the control of Yunnan, and that the Government of Burmah would have no objection to this. I must express my sincere gratification that your inquiries have led you to so clear and just a conclusion. But you proceed to state that from the source of the Ming Kwang River the frontier-line should directly ascend to the crest of the snowy range known as the Kao Li Kung, and follow this range north to Thibet; that all the country in the basin of the Shweli and the Lu Chiang (or Upper Salween) should be controlled by Yunnan, and all the country in the basin of the Irrawaddy by Burmah; and that no other suitable frontier can be delimited except along the line of this watershed.\n\nBut if we accept the frontier you propose, our Chiefs will lose a large tract of the country which they control. Now the Ngaw Chang has already been recognized by the Chinese Fu Yi as the limit of civilized (i.e., of Chinese government). If we take the Ngaw Chang as the frontier, that will be as natural a boundary and as easy to distinguish as the line which you claim.\n\n* But he does not administer it.\n† The relevancy of this is not clear.\n‡ I added that full possession of the Irrawaddy basin was equally important to Burmah.\n§ This is a possible line, but not a natural one, in the same sense as the main divide; further, its acceptance would cause much expense and inconvenience to Burmah and to Yunnan.\n\nPage 451 \n\n[2167-1]",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "page_number": 471,
        "title": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "content_text": "464\n\nEnclosure No.\n\nC.O.\n\nto the Marquess of Lansdowne 38269\n\n(Decypher) Sent 2 intow Peking 25-407\n\n(Sent 3-00pm faceto. & 3.30)\n\nTel. 980. 190.\n\nTelegram.\n\nRECEIVED $.fct: Red 27 OCT 05\n\n(Repetition received 3:30PM Det:20.\n\nCanton-Hankow Railway.\n\nIn reply to a question, French minister informs me that he has claimed rights given by Shing in virtue of an undertaking of the time when he negotiated Agreement with the American Concessionaires. The Company built Lu-Han line and were to construct Canton-Hankow line, but Americans failed to do so.\n\nBy the undertaking, Belgians were to have certain rights. Viceroy has forbidden Lu-Han Chang. In consequence, the Chinese Government has been asked for the construction of Canton-Hankow Railway.\n\nRepeated to Hong Kong & Hankow.",
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    {
        "id": 405456,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 651,
        "title": "CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "# 645 \n## Sub-Enclosure to Dispatch 8/27.4.06.\n\n### CANTON-HANKOW RAILWAY, \n#### Belgium Engineers in Favour.\n\n(From Our Correspondent.)\n\nCanton, July 24.\n\nFor months past, those charged with the construction of the Canton-Hankow Railway have been busily engaged in deciding as to the employment of engineers. It has been proposed to ask Jeme Tin You to return, but Viceroy Yuan Shi Kai could not spare him. Then it was suggested to get hold of one named Kwong, who had returned from America, but his presence was needed in the construction of other lines.\n\nThe Directors seemed in a fix as to what to do, and in view of the fact that France is pushing forward the line from Yunnan, and that Great Britain is rapidly constructing the Canton-Kowloon line, they appeared to have been roused to move. As it was considered that work should begin at once, it has been decided to engage Belgian engineers.\n\nOn the second day of this moon, the Director-General sent a wire to Sheng Kung Pao as follows:\n\n| To | Message |\n| --- | --- |\n| Sheng Kung Pao | \"I have repeatedly declined the directorship, but my refusal was not accepted. I have now promised to act for one year. Please advise amount of salary, personal character, etc., of the engineers employed in the Lu Han Railway. It has been suggested to employ them in the Canton-Hankow Railway. We would like to know if there would be any harm in engaging them. Please give us your advice and mail us a copy of the regulations of the Lu Han Railway.\"-(Signed) Chang Kun Ying. |\n\nThe next day, a reply from Sheng Kung Pao, addressed to Viceroy Shum Chon Hsen, was received, recommending a Belgian engineer. Viceroy Shum being at Whampoa, the telegram was transmitted to Tostai Wen for delivery to the Railway Directors.\n\nThe same day, the following message was despatched to Whampoa by the Railway Company.\n\n| To | Message |\n| --- | --- |\n| His Excellency Shum Kung Pao, Whampoa | \"Your telegram has been received. If Jeme and Kwong are unable to come, the engineer recommended by Sheng should be engaged. Please enquire as to the amount of salary. Yesterday, we decided to appoint Wu to act as second engineer-in-chief and have requested Tostai Wen to inform you of this personally.\"-(Signed) Chang Kun Ying. |\n\nSheng Kung Pao means Shen Huan Wei; Kung Pao being a title. Shum Kung Pao is, of course, the Viceroy.",
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    {
        "id": 405563,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 105,
        "title": "CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "# PHOCLAVATION.\n\nby H.B. the Viceroy and Chang Chien asun.\n\n101\n\nIn view of the importance of railway extension to commercial development, the sanction of the Board of Commerce has been obtained for the formation of a company to undertake the construction of a line from Canton to Amoy. The first section of this line, from Ch'uan Lung K'ou outside the East Gate of Canton to La Chia kei in Ahshapoa, is thirteen miles in length. It then passes through Tseng Ch'ong, Shih Lung Chen in Tung Kuan, Po Lo, Much Shan, Hai Feng and Lu Feng in Hui Chou; Hui Lai, Fu Ning, and Chieh Yang districts in Ch'ao Chou, branching off outside the city of Ch'ao Chou via Yao Ping, and thence to Amoy. The length of the line will be about 500 miles.\n\nOfficers have been deputed, in conjunction with the Pan Yu Magistrate, to thoroughly survey the localities through which the first section of the line, from Canton to Ahshapoa, is to pass, and no obstacles have been discovered in the nature of dwelling houses or graves to prevent the immediate delineation and purchase of the route and the commencement of operations.\n\nOwners of property on route, other than waste land belonging to Government which shall be acquired on such terms as are customary in the locality, should produce all title-deeds to the Company for inspection, and the land shall be purchased at a fair price calculated on the average of recent years. Owners of graves, houses, fruit-trees, ponds, etc. on land thus required, shall be reimbursed at a fair valuation by the Company for all monies expended on the construction, purchase, or removal of the same. In order that the general public may derive as much benefit as possible from the scheme, any owner who shall prefer payment in shares in the line may notify the Company to that effect and shall be allotted shares, bearing interest annually, in proportion to the value of his land. But no owner shall raise the price...",
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    {
        "id": 405592,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 134,
        "title": "CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "## \n\n130 \n\nHundreds, or even several hundreds of cases of piracy were reported every month, but during the last few years, since the vigorous measures which I have taken, such cases, although they have of course occurred, have been far less common. But the province is extensive with a vast population of mixed elements, and swarms with brigands. No measures to hunt out and arrest these men can secure their extirpation in a few hours. Even in Europe, cases of robbery and murder occur in spite of the fact that the police are everywhere and the strictest precautions are adopted. Human nature, we know, is not the same, and robbers exist not only in China but in every country.\n\nIt is my earnest desire to secure the suppression of piracy, as you urge me to do, and your statement that no troops have been detached for that purpose can only be due to an imperfect knowledge of the actual state of affairs. It is in no way incumbent upon me to acquaint you in detail with such matters of internal administration, but I see no objection, under the circumstances, to my giving you a general idea of my dispositions.\n\nThere are 83 battalions of Gendarmerie in the province, in five divisions, of which Canton is the Central Division with 25 battalions, distributed amongst the Namhoi, Pan Yu, Hsiang Shan, Tung Kuan, Ksin Hui, Shun Te, Hsin Ning, Tseng Cheng, Hua Hsien, Sanshui, Ching Yuan, Tsung Chang, Lan Men, Tsung Hua, Kao Shan, and Kai Ping districts.\n\nThe prefectures of Hui Chou, Ch'ao Chou, and Chia Ying constitute the Eastern Division with 17 battalions distributed between Hui Shan, Fo Lo, Ho Ping, Lung Ch'uan, Chang Ning, Lien Ping, Lu Feng, Hai Peng, Yun An, Puning, Chao Yang, Chieh Yang, Yao Ping, Cheng Hai, Chia Ying, Hsing Ning, and Chang Lo.\n\nKiungchow forms the Southern Division and has 5 battalions stationed at Kiung Shan, Yai Chou, Yen Chou, Lien Shui, and Wen Chang.\n\nThe Western Division is composed of the prefectures of",
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    {
        "id": 406368,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-336 - Governor Nathan & Public Offices - 1906 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 373,
        "title": "CO129-336 - Governor Nathan & Public Offices - 1906 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "368\n\nthe fact that he understands Leung In\n\nbut never did so himself, says (p.17) that he paid.\n\nthan paid mover\n\nLeung zu, says (p.17)\n\nKelly momen\n\ntwo or\n\nFieners, these timer Str.\n\ncannot apparently identify these occasions\n\nan\n\nwitte\n\nthe Jatro given\n\nin the books.\n\nI greatly doubt sluther Leang Lu's\n\nwvidue\n\nsufficiently explicit to be taken into account\n\n(2) gors\n\nдно must rest\n\nwhich\n\nم\n\nfar\n\nChange\n\nģ think the condemnabim\n\nthe\n\nand\n\nKo Sama\n\nthat he pand\n\nhuself\n\nvelato con\n\nthe money\n\nbot Charge (B), waiving money from\n\nWong Joy chew;\n\ntha Wang Joy Chew\n\nalleges (p. 19) laat be paid $10 sofus to an entry in his books. (The\n\nbooks wire\n\nan\n\nps\n\nadmittedly altered later (p.21))/\n\n312, he says\n\nGan interpretor\n\nou\n\nthat Lee\n\nभीत\n\n¿\n\naccommpain\n\nthee secard ouesi\n\nwhich he want to the shop mine. the occasi\n\nwhich the alleged bit was\n\np.206\n\ngiven. But an\n\nPo Sin Kun asevents that he went.\n\nthat\n\nд\n\nWong alone: against it w-base Lee's denial, suppato y the evidence\n\n31\n\nof the Lutfuctor that the accompanied\n\nheim all the time\n\nnot in league with Lee,\n\nLee\n\n$45\n\nmitte\n\ninterpretor is\n\nmatrial paint\n\nCity\n\nZu the aird, I ob\n\nWong has lied in Lee's king me hesitate to rigand charge\n\nfrece\n\nB\n\n0\n\nģ Awink thiere na\n\nwhole cose: Ko San't evitence\n\nproduction first of sherfid cutin\n\nཉ་\n\nW Lee\n\n===\n\nWe vico\n\nmuch double\n\nthe manm\n\nelicitad ie\n\nStrab\n\nmust be clearly present\n\nat the same. abem dismissal\n\nof think the\n\nhaefit gree double\n\nM\n\nof the of\n\nantai\n\nصل\n\nin which\n\nthe\n\nthe fine conceff\n\nto the wilmers' mind\n\nI sud heatate\n\nhi evidence alone.\n\nSurkator satt post the\n\n2-911\n\nThe\n\npist charge\n\nKan\n\n&\n\nof the similar change in the case (now in circulation).\n\nCare\n\nMeromally\n\nto\n\nрь\n\nwith Lee, on\n\nbitte occasins man when he saw\n\n& Dentifics Wong as\n\nthe\n\nthere\n\nthe sand more on\n\nat\n\ntwo\n\ng\n\nThe only coroboratur, expence whide Wong\n\nbrings is\n\nthat Wong\n\neinlage's who say (each\n\nA\n\ntold them that he paid, or wanted\n\ntopaz, the mone\n\nThe evidence\n\nto Lee.\n\non charge B\n\nagaind Lee is therefore\n\nA\n\nthe books\n\nThem.\n\nGre\n\nWKelly\n\nbut Ko Sam only defores\n\nalleges that Z\n\nich hamnade pragment\n\nthee. Iattack comind. Gratte\n\nimportance to the Witimesofs datement (p 10) where he burst out with English after the Interpreting had got the wind cre tangle. It is obviously\n\nstatement terms Grae\n\nAuth dim senare off\n\nI then you\n\nhe\n\nAnn\n\numprem\n\nto bear the\n\ncintia\n\nEck latende\n\nEvery gentleman excuse word. About are this, fir Lea",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906",
        "page_number": 127,
        "title": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n(1477)\n\nNo. 1.\n\n124\n\n[January 20.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nC. O.\n\n4293\n\nRECO\n\nSir,\n\nSir Edward Grey to Chinese Minister.\n\nForeign Office, January 6th, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your note of the 4th instant, inclosing a translation of a telegram from the Viceroy of Canton respecting the Canton-Kowloon Railway.\n\nIt is stated in the telegram that the Agreement concluded in 1899 was a private one between Shêng Tajen and the British and Chinese Corporation, and not an Agreement between the two Governments.\n\nIt is also stated that if the work of construction is to be carried out by the English Syndicate it is feared that it will be opposed.\n\nIn reply, I have the honour to observe that the preliminary Agreement, signed on the 28th March, 1899, was a formal undertaking entered into by Shêng Tajen, \"acting under the authority of the Tsungli Yamen,\" i.e., on behalf of the Chinese Government, and that it is clearly out of the question that such an Agreement should be set aside by one of the parties to the contract without the assent of the other.\n\nI would also point out that, apart from the signature of the preliminary Agreement, there exist binding engagements on the part of the Chinese Government, as recorded in the correspondence between Sir C. MacDonald and the Tsungli Yamen in 1898, under which certain railways were to be constructed by British Syndicates on terms not inferior to those granted in the case of the Lu-Han line. Canton-Kowloon Railway was one of those mentioned in these undertakings.\n\nThese and the preliminary Agreement are explicit engagements which His Majesty's Government are justified in expecting the Chinese Government to carry out.\n\nThe Governor of Hong Kong has already explained to the Viceroy's Secretary, Mr. Wei, that His Majesty's Government are bound to support the Corporation in obtaining the fulfilment of the promise given in 1898, and that if the Viceroy desires any alteration in the terms of the Agreement his Excellency's proper course is to negotiate with the Corporation on the subject.\n\nIn regard to the possibility of opposition being offered if the Corporation commence the construction of the line, His Majesty's Government feel confident that the Viceroy will not fail to visit with severe punishment any persons interfering with the exercise by British subjects of their just rights.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed) EDWARD GREY.\n\n[1809-1]",
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        "id": 407061,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906",
        "page_number": 357,
        "title": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906",
        "content_text": "C.C.\n\nry of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\nYour Highness,\n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nSir E. Satow to Prince Ching.\n\nPeking, February 3, 1906.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Highness' note of the 1st February with reference to the Burmah-Yunnan frontier north of latitude 25° 35' north, informing me of a telegram received from the Viceroy of Yunnan, in accordance with which I am requested to move His Majesty's Government to appoint another officer to take the place of Mr. Litton, lately deceased.\n\nIf your Highness will examine my note of the 20th January you will observe that I mentioned that both Consul Litton and Taotai Shih were not to delimit the frontier, but were to furnish Reports for the information of their respective Governments.\n\nI also said that Mr. Litton had submitted a detailed Report, which has been considered by His Majesty's Government, and that means that before his death he furnished His Majesty's Government with all the information required. It is therefore unnecessary to appoint another officer to deal with the question, as suggested by the Viceroy of Yunnan.\n\nI have again the honour to request that the Wai-wu Pu will appoint a day for a meeting, in order to arrive at an amicable settlement of the question.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nERNEST SATOW.\n\nInclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nDraft Article.\n\nWHEREAS, by the terms of Article IV of the Convention between Great Britain and China of the 1st March, 1894, it was agreed that the settlement and delimitation of that portion of the Burmah-China frontier which lies to the north of latitude 25° 35′ north should be reserved for a future understanding between the High Contracting Parties when the features and condition of the country were more accurately known, it is now agreed between the Governments of Great Britain and China that the boundary of the two Empires in the territory lying to the north of latitude 25° 35' north shall follow the watershed between the Irrawaddy and Salween basins up to the confines of Thibet.\n\nInclosure 5 in No. 1.\n\nConsul Litton to Consul-General Wilkinson.\n\nTengyueh, December 9, 1905.\n\n(Telegraphic.)\n\nI REACHED point on the Salween eight marches further than the highest point reached last spring. Also explored two new passes on the Salween-Mekong divide, and also one on the Salween-Irrawaddy divide. We were able to trace the course of the Salween up to latitude 27° 20′ north, up to which point the Salween is confined in a series of ridges and the country is very difficult. [At] 26° 20′ there is some Chinese authority, but this country is much disturbed by the bad conduct of the Tu Ssu. Further north there is no trace of Chinese authority up to 27° 35', where Yetche territory begins. Independent tract is inhabited by Lissu, under conditions of utter savagery. Examination shows that the Salween-Irrawaddy divide continues to be a conspicuous range, 12,000 feet to 13,000 feet, up to about latitude 28° 30′ north, where it is merged in a vast snow range trending east and west, which I saw at a distance. No trouble with tribes, but great hardships. Please communicate substance of my telegram to British Minister.\n\nSOUTH-WEST CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[15301]\n\n(No. 8.)\n\nSir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\n351\n\nMay 5.\n\nSECTION 2.\n\nThe one\n\nConsul-General Wilkinson to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received May 5.)\n\nYunnan-fu, March 10, 1906.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inclose copy of a despatch to His Majesty's Minister reporting certain recent official appointments in this Province of Yunnan. that most concerns British interests is the retention at his acting post of Intendant of the Southern Circuit (the Pu-erh and Ssumao Taotai-ship) of Shih Hung-shan, the official who was (as Acting Taotai at Tengyueh) engaged last spring with Messrs. Litton and Loveson in examining the conditions of the undelimited border districts east of Myitkyina. Shih Taotai's retention at Pu-erh will enable him to complete his report on the other stretch of undelimited frontier, the hundred miles or so along \"Scott's line,\" between the Namting and Na Lawt.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) W. H. WILKINSON.\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nConsul-General Wilkinson to Sir E. Satow.\n\n(No. 10.) Sir,\n\nYunnan-fu, March 10, 1906.\n\nWITH reference to the possible substitution of Li Shou-t'ien for Wei Ching-tung in the post of Intendant of the Lin-an-k'ai-kuang Circuit (Taotai at Mengtzu), as mentioned in my immediately preceding despatch, the following appointments have been actually gazetted:-\n\nHsing-lu, substantive Intendant of the Eastern Circuit (I-tung Tao), is to act as Superintendent of the Salt Gabelle (Yen-fa Tao). Chang Hsing-chi, titular Intendant of the Southern Circuit (I-nan Tao), who has never proceeded from Yunnan-fu to take up his post, becomes officiating Intendant of the Eastern Circuit. This enables Shih Hung-shao to retain his acting post at Pu-erh, and to complete at his leisure his inquiry and report on the conditions of the undelimited frontier south of Kunlong Ferry (\"Scott's line\"). Shih Taotai's substantive post is still that of Prefect of Yungchang. His late gerant there, Lang Cheng-hsien, an able and popular man, is to be replaced by Hsieh Yu-chun. I may add that, as far as I can learn, Shih Taotai has not yet sent in his report on the Wa frontier, of which a copy has more than once been promised to me.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) W. H. WILKINSON.\n\nP.S.-Chang Taotai is a Shantung man, a Hanlin, and, as I have earlier reported, has been serving as Intendant of the Right River (Yu-chiang Tao) in Kuangsi. Hsieh Yü-chun comes from Kueichow, and has served as Home Magistrate (K'un-ming Hsien) at Yunnan-fu, and as Sub-Prefect at Ssŭmao.\n\n[1993 e--2]\n\nW. H. W.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "page_number": 387,
        "title": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906",
        "content_text": "380\n\n2\n\ngentry of Hunan and Kuangtung to concert a method of actually providing funds. Later I received from the Liang Kuang Viceroy, on the 16th January, 1905, a telegram stating the discussion of this matter was possible only on the funds to redeem the line being got ready, but the Kuangtung gentry were without cohesion, the advocates of the redemption having no money and the moneyed men not caring, so that the gentry's resources could not be leant on, while the official resources, being absolutely bankrupt, could even less bear such a mighty burden. He added that as, in case the contract was cancelled, vast sums would be required at once to be paid over, even if there were any other scheme of finding the money, the need was too pressing for them to avail. He suggested the propriety of the three provinces making a joint foreign loan of so many myriads, repayable in equal instalments over a series of years. If loan went through and Concession was cancelled the proceeds would redeem the line; if the Concession was not annulled the money could be repaid at once, so that the interest wasted would be limited. The Hunan gentry and merchants also telegraphed that they had no scheme for providing vast funds at once. Bethinking me that, as the position of the three provinces was identical, there was no help, I then decided on borrowing the money. At the same time I telegraphed my views to the Governor of Hunan to take the opinion of his gentry, and his reply was that after thorough inquiry amongst them they agreed to my proposal.\n\nExhaustive inquiry proved that the English Consul's offer provided the lowest rate of interest and the full sum in sterling without discount, only he demanded, besides, privileges in Kuangtung, a point which I politely put off. This caused the negotiations to be protracted without settlement, until, on the 31st August, Liang Cheng, your Minister to America, suddenly telegraphed that the China Development Company's Directors had executed the draft Agreement under which the first instalment of 2,900,806 odd gold dollars was payable on the 7th September, i.e., 9th of 8th moon, at New York, and as the date was at hand he must ask the combined provinces quickly to provide that the funds be remitted by telegraph to America before the 7th September, to prevent a catastrophe. I replied asking him to get an extension of ten days to enable provision to be made. His answer was that he had consulted Foster as to postponement suggested, who replied that he had, in accordance with my telegraphic statement that we were ready to redeem the Concession at figure demanded, apprised Morgan that the execution of the regular Agreement on the 6th would depend on the payment of this instalment. Any further change would render recovery impossible, and so he prayed that remittance be telegraphed. Now, the idea of the Company was that China, being in their opinion very poor, could never within ten days suddenly find the vast sum of several millions. So their head shareholders, after signing the draft Agreement, contrived to spin out three months without confirming it, keeping the completion of the matter uncertain, so as to prevent arrangements for providing the money or borrowing it. And then seven days before due date they telegraphed to China to confirm, execute, and pay the money, If money could not be got together, then this Agreement was utterly upset, and they could taunt us with having no money and making fools of ourselves. This plot was the most cunning and deadly conceivable.\n\nAt the time the English Consul had already gone to Lu-shan to avoid the heat. I foresaw that, negotiating in straits, I should be sure to meet with extreme demands. Besides, the drawing of the Agreement itself would need over twenty days, and if the sum payable to the Development Company were too late by a single day the whole situation would be wrecked. At this moment I was unable to ask for time abroad, and equally unable to apply for aid to other provinces.\n\nHere was a great undertaking, affecting the position of the whole of South China, an important measure ordered by special Rescript, which for two years had been discussed until the whole world knew of it. If, simply because of want of funds, redemption should prove impossible, and we cast away the draft Agreement, not only would the power be lost for ever, but it would make all nations sneer at China's representatives as people who talked without making good, and this would hamper in many ways all our future international dealings.\n\nDuring these seven days I wandered about my abode in absolute despair, and how this business was to be accomplished I dared not surmise.\n\nThe above was the sixth of my troubles.\n\nFortunately, the Hupei Government Bank's credit is good, and it is trusted by the foreign banks.\n\nI called together the Commissioners and Intendants, and held earnest debate.\n\nIn consideration of the national interests involved, they agreed in taking the responsibility; so I directed the Government Bank to devise means to go surety, and\n\n3\n\napply first to the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank for a loan of 3,000,000 taels at interest, the Government Bank itself collecting over 2,000,000 taels, and so, quite beyond my hopes, the telegraphic remittance duly reached America in time.\n\nI at once, by telegram to the Grand Council, submitted to your Majesty the final Redemption Agreement, and obtained sanction to its being executed. At the same time I had telegraphed to the English Consul to return to Hankow and negotiate the Loan Agreement.\n\nThe English Consul, seeing I had managed myself to raise temporary loan to pay the first instalment, and as the redemption of line was a matter of high politics, was also ready to assist in putting through the grand undertaking. Thereupon no further mention was made of the earlier demand, and the Articles of the Agreement were all drawn on lines of the August 1900 Agreement, under which Hupei borrowed 500,000 taels from the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank for the provision of military needs for the protection of the Yang-tsze. The Agreement has been communicated to the Board of Foreign Affairs. This sort of borrowing certainly does not imply the slightest lending of our railway rights.\n\nThe loan being settled, the second instalment was thereunder paid over in full to the Development Company on the due date-10th October.\n\nThereupon the Company telegraphed to the foreigners at its offices in Shanghae and Canton to hand over by list to China's deputies the plans and records deposited in Shanghae and Canton and the railway already built, with machinery, cars, houses and buildings, and all appurtenances whatever. I had sent officers for the purpose to both places.\n\nThe Agreement for the sale of the railway drawn up by the Company states that \"The Chinese Government takes possession of all the China Development Company's properties in China, the railway completed, plant, survey maps and plans, special mining privileges, together with all rights and privileges in China, whether set forth or impliedly included.\" Consideration of the words \"special\" to \"included\" will indicate how immense was the former great loss of rights, which now, happily, is entirely redeemed, so that hereby complications are for ever cleared up and vast calamity\n\nremoved.\n\nThis success is humbly ascribed to the awful virtue of the Court, together with the whole-hearted support of the Council, the auxiliary scheme of the gentry and people of the three provinces, while the Minister, Liang Cheng, whose ability and experience are alike excellent, loyally devised for the State and suited his arguments to his opportunities.\n\nThus was this affair accomplished.\n\nIt has now been decided that the funds for constructing the line shall be provided, by the combined efforts of the officials and gentry of the three provinces, foreign loans being barred.\n\nBut as the funds are to be collected through the gentry and people of each province each will be concerned with its own finance and railway construction. There will have to be a general uniformity, but identity of system will be impossible. It will be quite dissimilar from the starting of railways elsewhere with borrowed money.\n\nOn the principle that enterprises on part of gentry and people are entirely dependent on the aid of the local authorities, I submit to your Majesty that it seems needful to charge the high provincial authorities concerned to instruct their subordinates, high and low, together with the gentry, scholars, traders, and people, in accordance with local conditions, to devise means to provide for undertaking, so that there be no want of co-operation nor the work be protracted.\n\nI have now received from the Minister to America, Liang Ch'eng, by post, the agreement of sale negotiated with the Development Company and the coupons for interest paid on the outstanding dollar bonds, as well as the inventories of the articles taken over by the Deputies at Shanghae and Canton.\n\nI am writing to the Board of Foreign Affairs and Commerce, and having carefully drawn up the statement appended in concert with the Viceroy of Liang Kuang and the Governor of Hunan, I have the honour humbly to submit our joint Report for your Majesty's consideration,",
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        "page_number": 571,
        "title": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906",
        "content_text": "562\n\nyear.\n\nAnd yet the railway is not pledged, simply the three Provinces' own prepared opium excise stands as security: no right of interference with any rights is granted. This loan, principal and interest is repayable in 10 annual instalments, none of which exceeds $100,000 odd. The three Provinces share it in 7ths, Hunan and Kuangtung taking up 3 sevenths each and Hupei 1 seventh.\n\nThe stipulated rice excise for charitable relief of the two lu annually brings in 7 or 8 hundred thousand. The Canton Viceroy I-sen undertakes the provision of actual funds to meet his share and besides in Kuangtung has the profit on running the completed line, some two or three lacs of Taels a year. Thus there are ample funds to meet the general loan charges. The Agreement also provides that at any time after 5 years China may if she chooses pay off the whole balance due; so once there are funds to redeem there can be no obstruction or trouble. As to the prepared opium excise serving as security, in all previous loans there have been security funds. In all finance measures every fund is part of the State's revenue and simply because this is a newly raised fund of late years is it for the time being in a separate category utterly dissimilar in nature and importance from the long established regular Treasurer's and customs' funds and the likin office's funds which affect the whole province.\n\nFurther\n\n4",
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    {
        "id": 407352,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "page_number": 648,
        "title": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906",
        "content_text": "639\n\n2\n\nHis Majesty's Government had treated the whole of this incident, and repeated what they had previously assured Sir E. Satow, that the murder of the Kinghams caused the people and Government of Kiangsi and the Chinese Government the most unfeigned regret. It was an outrage of which they were all heartily ashamed, and the sorrow of it was heightened by the fact that the Kinghams were people whose unobtrusive good works had attracted the regard and affection of all their neighbours in Nanchang.\n\nI inclose, for your information, copy of the French version of the Agreement above referred to as signed on the 20th June, and also copy of the proclamation provided for in Article 5 of that Agreement. I should explain that the Agreement does not mention the punishments or rewards indicated in terms 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 of my telegram No. 126 of the 20th June, which was dealt with in separate despatches addressed by the Wai-wu Pu to the French Minister. I have not thought it necessary to trouble you with copies of these documents, as their contents are all embodied in the notes to and from Prince Ching, copies of which I am sending herewith.\n\nI further inclose copy of the despatch which I am addressing to Mr. Werner requesting him to keep a close watch on the fulfilment of the terms of punishment and reward, and instructing him to follow the advice of Sir H. de Sausmarez in the disposal of the sum of 4,700, which should be paid over to him before the 30th September.\n\n(Translation.) Sir,\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nLANCELOT D. CARNEGIE.\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nPrince Ching to Sir E. Satow.\n\nPeking, 32nd year, 4th month, 7th day (April 30, 1906).\n\nON the 15th April an Imperial Decree was issued in the following terms:- \"The Board of Foreign Affairs having memorialized the Throne to appoint Liang Tun-yen, Customs Taotai at Tien-tsin in Chihli, to proceed to Nanchang in Kiangsi, and inquire into the true circumstances of the missionary case at that place; and whereas we received this officer yesterday in audience, and carefully interrogated him on the facts of this case; and whereas his reports presented many features at variance with the circumstances reported in the telegrams of Hu Ting-kan and his associates; and whereas also the telegraphic reports of Hu Ting-kan and his associates were in themselves contradictory, and are proved beyond doubt to be of a vacillating and misleading nature: it is hereby commanded that the Governor of Kiangsi, Hu Ting-kan, shall be removed from office as a preliminary step.\n\n\"We have already decreed that the conduct of the Provincial Treasurer Chou Hao shall be inquired into. The Provincial Judge Yu Chao-k'ang, who, in this case of the highest importance, failed to carry out immediately his judicial investigation, shall be handed over to the Board (of Civil Office) for the determination of a penalty, as a preliminary step.\n\n\"Let the Board of Foreign Affairs still continue to carefully co-operate in the settlement of this case.\"\n\nOn the 22nd April the Report of the Board of Civil Office was laid before the Throne, recommending that the Provincial Judge of Kiangsi, Yu Chao-k'ang, should be degraded two steps and transferred for employment elsewhere, as a punishment for his dereliction of public duties, and they asked whether he should be allowed the privilege of commutation.\n\nUpon this Memorial an Edict was issued in the following words :-\n\n\"The privilege of commutation shall not be allowed.\"\n\nI accordingly have the honour to bring these Imperial commands to your Excellency's knowledge.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\n3\n\nTranslator's Note. \"The privilege of commutation\" refers to the practice whereby an official, when degraded so many steps in rank, is sometimes allowed to make use of a corresponding number of steps in rank received as a reward for past meritorious service, as a set-off against the steps lost by a sentence of degradation.\n\nIn this case such a procedure is not allowed, and, therefore, the degradation is effective.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nMr. Carnegie to Prince Ch'ing.\n\nPeking, June 27, 1906. ON the 30th April Sir Ernest Satow had the honour to receive a note from your Highness on the Nanchang case, in which was communicated the text of an Imperial Decree of the 15th April removing the Governor of Kiangsi, Hu Ting-kan, from office, ordering an inquiry into the conduct of the Provincial Treasurer, Chou Hao, and handing the Provincial Judge, Yü Chao-k'ang, over to the Board of Civil Office for the determination of a penalty. Your Highness further said that on the 22nd April a Memorial of the Board of Civil Office was laid before the Throne recommending that the Provincial Judge, Yu Chao-k'ang, should be degraded two steps and transferred for employment elsewhere as a punishment for his dereliction of public duties, and asking whether he should be allowed the privilege of commutation; and you added that upon this Memorial a Decree was issued disallowing the privilege of commutation.\n\nIn an interview at the Wai-wu Pu on the 19th June, I was informed by the Grand Secretary, Na-t'ung, and their Excellencies T'ung Shao-yi and Lien-fang that an Agreement had been concluded with his Excellency the French Minister in this matter, and that the following punishments were to be inflicted on the principal criminals and on the officials whose conduct was blameworthy :\n\n  \n    Name\n    Punishment\n  \n  \n    Liu Kou-tzu\n    Decapitation,\n  \n  \n    Wa Hung Yen-ching\n    Imprisonment for life.\n  \n  \n    Chou Chih-hsin\n    Ten years' imprisonment.\n  \n  \n    Jên Ting-fa\n    Five years' imprisonment.\n  \n  \n    Wu Chin-sheng\n    Three years' imprisonment.\n  \n  \n    Yang Ta-sheng\n    Two years' hard labour.\n  \n  \n    Lo Chung-ch'iu\n    One year's hard labour,\n  \n  \n    Wu Lao-wu\n    Six months' imprisonment.\n  \n  \n    Chou Chêng-ta\n    To be punished in accordance with the law as soon as captured.\n  \n  \n    Lu Kao-ts'ai\n    \n  \n  \n    Yang Ch'i-t'ang\n    \n  \n  \n    Wei Ta-shui\n    \n  \n  \n    Tai Hu-shui\n    \n  \n  \n    Hu Chang-sheng..\n    \n  \n  \n    Chang Tsai-kaan..\n    \n  \n  \n    Hsieh Hsi-lieu\n    \n  \n  \n    Tu I-chou\n    \n  \n  \n    Hu Ch'ung-yuan\n    \n  \n  \n    Hsieh Yuan-chou..\n    \n  \n  \n    Chou Tê-shêng\n    \n  \n  \n    Peng Ping-sheng.\n    \n  \n  \n    Wiz Yu-peng\n    \n  \n  \n    Liu Tong-liu-izi ..\n    \n  \n  \n    Ha Ming-ying\n    \n  \n  \n    Lo Shêng-tzu\n    \n  \n  \n    Li Lao-sun\n    \n  \n  \n    Hsiung Ho-tzů\n    \n  \n  \n    Kuo Mao-t'ou\n    \n  \n  \n    Wan Yel-lin\n    \n  \n  \n    Hu Ting-hsüeh\n    \n  \n  \n    Ma Tzu..\n    \n  \n  \n    Erh Tao-pao\n    \n  \n  \n    Chu Yung-yuan",
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        "content_text": "784\n\nThe prefectures of Lui Chou, Ch'ao Chou, and Chia Ying constitute the Eastern Division with 17 battalions distributed between Kuei Shan, Po Lo, Ho Ping, Lung Ch'uan, Chang Ning, Lien Ping, Lu Feng, Hai Feng, Yung An, Hai Yang, Chao Yang, Chia Yang, Yao Ping, Cheng Hai, Chia Ying, Hsing Ning, and Chang Le.\n\nKiungchow forms the Southern Division and has 5 battalions stationed at Kiung Shan, Yai Chou, Tan Chou, Ling Shui, Ken En, and Lin Kao.\n\nThe Western Division is composed of the prefectures of Shao Chou, Yang Chiang, Lo Ting, Kao Chou, Lien Chou, Chin Chou, and Lei Chou. Its 32 battalions are quartered in Kao Yao, Yang Chun, Hsin Hsing, Kao Ming, Yang Chiang, En Ping, Lo Ting, Siu Hui, Kai Chien, Feng Chuan, Hai Ning, Te Ching, Mao Ming, Tien Pai, Ho Pu, Hain I, Shih Chuang, Ling Shan, Chin Chou, Fang Cheng, Hua Chou, Sui Chi, Wu Chuan, Hau Wong, and Tung An.\n\nShao Chou, Nan Hsiung, and Lien Chou constitute the Northern Division with 4 battalions distributed amongst Chu Chiang, Ying To, Tung Yuan, Shih Hing, Lien Chou, Jen Hua, and Yang Shan.",
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    {
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906",
        "page_number": 136,
        "title": "CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906",
        "content_text": "## TEI Lang & YOU \n\nIt is the same route; it would be clearly a rival line, and that \nthe British and Chinese Corporation were justly entitled \nunder their agreements to object to it; his arguments \nhad no effect, Your Highness insisting that the Whampoa \nscheme is a separate matter altogether from the Canton-\nKowloon undertaking.\n\nI have the honour to enclose a copy of an official \nproclamation issued by the Viceroy of Canton which has \nlately been received by post from His Majesty's Consul-\nGeneral at Canton, and from which it is evident that the \nscheme objected to is undoubtedly of wider significance \nthan Your Highness thought when discussing it with Mr. \nCarnegie. This proclamation states clearly that the \nBoard of Commerce has sanctioned the formation of a Com-\npany to construct a railway from Canton to Amoy, \nand \nthat the track to be followed proceeds from the East \ngate of Canton city to Whampoa, and thence passes through \nTseng-Chong, Shih-Lung, Po-Lo, Kumi-Shan, Hai-Fong, Lu-\nFong and other places, to Ch'ao-Chou and Amoy. From the \naccompanying map, which has been drawn specially for the \npurpose",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906.txt",
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    {
        "id": 407674,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906",
        "page_number": 138,
        "title": "CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906",
        "content_text": "## PROCLAMATION\n\nC O 134 42122  \nREG 1 NOV 06\n\nBy His Excellency the Viceroy and E.B. Chang Chih-tung.\n\n[NOV 3 1906]\n\nIn view of the importance of railway extension to commercial development, the sanction of the Board of Commerce has been obtained for the formation of a company to undertake the construction of a line from Canton to Amoy. The first section of this line, from Ch'uan Lung K'ou outside the East Gate of Canton to Lu Chia Toi in Whampoa, is thirteen miles in length. It then passes through Tseng Ch'ong, Shih Lung Chen in Tung Kuan, Po Lo, Kuei Chan, Hai Feng and Lu Feng in Hui Chou; Hui lai, P'u Ning, and Chieh Yang districts in Ch'ao Chou, branching off to outside the city of Ch'ao Chou via Yao Ping, and thence to Amoy. The length of the line will be about 500 miles.\n\nOfficers have been deputed, in conjunction with the Pan Yu Magistrate, to thoroughly survey the localities through which the first section of the line, from Canton to Whampoa,",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 407848,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906",
        "page_number": 312,
        "title": "CO129-338 - Public Offices & Others - 1906",
        "content_text": "2\n\n1 can only repeat the request of Mr. Carnegie that your Highness should request the Superintendent of Southern Trade and the Shanghae Taotai to refrain from establishing a Chinese trade mart or municipality on land adjoining the foreign Settlement at Shanghae.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nI avail, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nJ. N. JORDAN\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum.\n\nC\n\n44802\n\n[November 3.]\n\nSECTION 7.\n\nBW 5 SFC OC\n\nNo. 1.\n\n307\n\nTHE question of Settlement extension would not be an acute one were it not for the operations of a certain section of the Chinese \"student\" class, who are at present aiming at municipal control of the large district north of the boundary, already largely foreign owned.\n\nThe matter has already been summarized in a Memorandum prepared at the request of Sir Pelham Warren, and the position taken up by the British Legation, reported in the local native press, has caused the very greatest satisfaction.\n\nFor the present no extension is required, but, while it is advisable that the Chinese Government should understand that if the foreign population continues to expand, extension will be necessary, the present attempts to thwart sanitary measures and road making on the outskirts must cease.\n\n[36992]\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.—(Received November 3.) (No. 382.)\n\nPeking, September 19, 1906.\n\nSir,\n\nWITH reference to Mr. Carnegie's despatch of the 9th September, reporting the result of an interview with Prince Ching on the subject of the Whampoa Railway project, I have the honour to inclose, for your information, copies of a despatch dated the 21st August received from His Majesty's Consul-General at Canton, and of a note which I addressed to Prince Ching on the 17th September.\n\nThe official Proclamation issued by the Viceroy of Canton, a translation of which is inclosed in Mr. Mansfield's despatch, disposes of Prince Ching's disingenuous explanation of the nature of the scheme, and places it beyond doubt that the trace of the proposed Canton-Amoy Railway must run for a considerable distance along the route of the Canton-Kowloon line.\n\nI have requested His Highness either to move the Viceroy of Canton to abandon the project we object to or to accord me an interview at an early date for the purpose of stating the views of His Majesty's Government.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\n(No. 40.) Sir,\n\nConsul-General Mansfield to Mr. Carnegie.\n\nCanton, August 21, 1906.\n\nREFERRING to my telegram No. 24 of the 17th instant, I have now the honour to forward copy and translation of a Proclamation by the Viceroy, from which it appears that the Canton-Amoy Railway has been decided on, at any rate as far as the section from Canton to Whampoa is concerned.\n\nAs to the capital required, I have been unable to obtain any accurate information. A Chinese named Chang Chien-hsun, who made money in the Straits, has, it is said, induced his countrymen there to subscribe 2,000,000 dollars. The line has been surveyed at Chang's expense, and two foreigners have been engaged, one a Dane and the other an Englishman.\n\nIn spite of careful inquiries, I have found extraordinary difficulty in obtaining any reliable information about the projected line, its capital, or its management. From the Viceroy's Proclamation it would appear to be under official auspices.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nR. W. MANSFIELD.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nProclamation by the Viceroy and Chang Chien-hsun.\n\nIN view of the importance of railway extension to commercial development, the sanction of the Board of Commerce has been obtained for the formation of a Company to undertake the construction of a line from Canton to Amoy. The first section of this line, from Chuan Lang K'ou outside the East Gate of Canton to Lu Chia Wei in Whampoa, is 13 miles in length. It then passes through Tseng Cheng, Shih Lung Chen in Tung Kuan, Po Lo, Kuei Shan, Hai Teng, and Lu Feng in Hui Chou, Hui Lai, P'ing Ning, and Chia Yang districts in Ch'ao Chou, branching off to outside the city of Ch'ao... \n\n[2226 e- -7]",
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    },
    {
        "id": 410304,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-341 - Acting Governor May Governor Lugard - 1907 [7-10]",
        "page_number": 650,
        "title": "CO129-341 - Acting Governor May Governor Lugard - 1907 [7-10]",
        "content_text": "644\n\nA bis gunetaix: ni on astasio a'i quin itnon \"o\" that. DC\n\nof us nuitose ehit ni bebuloni ed bfro manda ni 9ɛtroo\n\n-ytkukstong bay yeri:8 BILP? ni ase7:00\n\n.OL\n\nymbil Ɛ xi satov tt: fq. op a 70% VRAULDOsh aruesio end Fis\n\nof #: Choo sd turi atrebird P MİT6ening og nattounJanod\n\nonhecendo 4 £. »AndooIT -o Livið Lokasi 067 il cunnoo & Josfea\n\nSmerta of ato M. & 70% BINIE Og vi daizić do: ob ow\n\nengineering students we think that a more thorough course in physics should form a distinct course in the science section.\n\nThere are a number of students who have no intention of qualifying as engineers who would wish to take up science as a separate subject.\n\n14.\n\na Zopeta nos ye. J Gatoo on bed. Iquos ever\n\nIt now betas\n\nOUGE\n\nBh\n\nRAI\n\nA\n\n68 Met oa vidanoqni brot need as I [!\n\nborioa ed gan y Cool (^ÌN CHL ave kabob Josie helfqq6 Iu notusst\n\nbeitilamp od 112v uðurbæta o bns writpor exfaut dxon and guiab\n\n-ong anken or\n\nHI .2001 mediodo0 szofed next on her edat ot\n\nog birolla noiniv-\n\nher ed o\n\n·\n\nLicema3⁄4 ens\n\nwith Avong to moradnoqul or wheaton eft bus prima niste mi net me\n\nRE 305 TK 00 per dorong mnatisnott ni ser Line art mi moltourtant\n\nhow alfas¶ ant\n\nAn audig diretso navis od hlnoda\n\nIsolerosis to sybofwaga!\n\nLobitong & Kl. 1902\n\nDe tar kuru 1000%\n\n* To\n\nmotor ta sho\n\nbutxeter\n\nI canfo e molcaud eurot 6 st I\n\nmoj raspUOKA\n\nfool on a 3-ymer Toegeva mifT .notaloosa mutelwoft a ni Jon\n\nfound val enciqui\n\ndon Rob Cå godt noi: 340 20 eis Bu\n\nDEAD MEN\n\nDER ZIC\n\nI .ee ualo babid to eɖour 90 michy Fist\n\nsi 9-0 \"A wielonne Gundi:D or ni ob we bumi?mop di not\n\nMorrido ng manis en LU\n\nhedinil v al,loodo2\n\nt\n\nA Lu noto, # to to antexig to ybi Ja oriT\n\nanirgentone Isoinsfoer, els\n\nI\n\n© BY VID:G900 & Grot Joeldra\n\n$800 3 20 J78Q Venadoon & grkoindoufs to twit bre satroo\n\n10 Lewoo ost delis eu clide and omirenakan Isoladoslo ni\n\n*.0\n\nSIMA At taurub og hinose stovį MBeld sesde ni vhid a\n\n:\n\nVarious suggestions have been made for the inclusion of other classes in the syllabus but it is important to keep down expenses, which threaten to be much greater than was anticipated, the supply of teachers is limited, and the objects with which the classes founded should be kept strictly in view. There is no intention we understand to do anything more at present than give a commercial and technical instruction which will be immediately useful in some business or profession and it will be a mistake to permit the classes to develop into a species of University Extension Lectures, nor do we think it the duty of the Government to provide in these classes the instruction offered by other bodies such as the Sanitary Institute or the College of Medicine. The officer in charge of the classes will find work enough to do in developing them on the lines on which they were started.\n\n15.\n\nThere are one or two classes however which may be properly added to the present list. Translation from Chinese into English and vice versa was included in the original syllabus as a part of the English class but no teaching in this subject has so far been given. We believe that an hour a week might be set apart with advantage for this subject if qualified teachers can be found and we think they can. Evening Continuation Classes which do not give Chinese an opportunity of continuing the study of their own language evidently fail to fulfil their object. A Chinese class where business Chinese was taught by a good teacher ought to prove very attractive. Shorthand is useless unless the student learns typewriting and we recommend the formation of a class in type-writing for those students who have qualified in shorthand.",
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    {
        "id": 410902,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "page_number": 79,
        "title": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "# OCR Proofread Text\n\nBut this admission itself involves an excision from the Agreement of those clauses which, either directly or indirectly, imply a degree of foreign interference and control which is no longer believed to be necessary.\n\nTo take them seriatim----\n\n1. Profits. It is quite certain that to arrive at these involves a degree of foreign interference which it would be difficult to justify on other grounds. It is not easy to see how a claim to a share in the profits for which no consideration is any longer given can be maintained. An additional argument for waiving the profits will be found in relation to the basis on which the profits are to be calculated, how much is to be allowed to capital, how much to revenue, and so on. It is highly probable that in the process friction would be engendered vis-à-vis the Chinese, a friction which would almost certainly be increased when the parties to the agreement on the foreign side were doubled.\n\nIt is recommended, therefore, that the Syndicate's claim to a share in the profits should be abandoned, and that their rights in this respect, under the Preliminary Agreement, should be waived in consideration of a monetary compensation,\n\n2. Commission. It is recommended also that the 5 per cent commission on materials should be commuted for a cash payment. The arguments which have been used in connection with the proposed abandonment of the share of the profits would appear to apply equally in this case, and it is not necessary, therefore, to repeat them.\n\nIt may be argued, however, that the real value of the commission lay not so much in its monetary value as in placing the purchasing control in the hands of the Syndicate, and thus enabling them to place the orders for material with their respective countries. To this it may be replied that the Chinese have shown themselves in such matters to be a reasonable people, who may be relied upon to do what is required in reason, so long as they are allowed to do it in their own way. To insert a clause stipulating that a certain percentage or class of material should be purchased from foreign sources would be almost certain to provoke Chinese reprisals and to defeat the object it was designed to accomplish. It will be found in practice that no difficulty will be experienced in securing a preference for foreign material at equal rates and qualities.\n\n3. Reserve. Admitting that the security of the loan is sufficient, it would be unreasonable to demand more from the Chinese than that there should always be retained on balance a sum sufficient to defray the amount of the ensuing six months' interest and sinking fund.\n\n4. Board of Commissioners. The advantage of retaining the Board of Commissioners on which there is no longer to be any controlling foreign influence is not apparent.\n\nIn practice it has been found that the Board of Commissioners is an ineffective instrument for the purpose for which it was designed, and that the same results can be achieved, with less heat and less friction, as in the case of the Northern and Lu Han Railways, through the intermediary of the Chief Engineer, Accountant, and Auditor. This is a change which it is believed that the Chinese would welcome, and no difficulty is likely to be experienced in securing to the Syndicate the nomination of these three officials on the precedent of the codicil to the Northern Railways Agreement, which was executed on the restoration of the line to the Chinese Railway Administration after the military occupation of 1902.\n\nIt is believed that the Chinese would offer no objection to the appointment of these three officials, with power to submit and approve all indents, to certify accounts and cheques, and to present a properly audited Statement on the model of the Chinese Customs accounts, either annually or semi-annually.\n\nThe Chief Engineer would, in point of fact, have full powers of veto, which should be ample to secure the proper construction and maintenance of the line, always provided that his character and capacity are such as to justify this heavy responsibility.\n\nIn recommending these proposals to the favourable consideration of the German group, the British representatives are anxious to make it plain that they involve much more than a mere modification of the existing Agreements. In effect, they constitute a fundamental change in our whole attitude towards the Chinese. It is not proposed that concessions should be offered with open hands to the Chinese negotiators; all that is recommended is that if the foregoing proposals are adopted in principle, details such as prices, amount of compensation, or commutation to be settled hereafter, then a joint form of instruction should be sent to our representatives in China in anticipation of possible Chinese demands, which would enable them, should the occasion arise, to make these concessions without reference to the Syndicates at home.\n\n3\n\nIt must often have been noticed in the course of these negotiations that a Chinese demand has been made which our representatives have found themselves unable to meet without reference. The meeting has been adjourned, and when it has been resumed, after a favourable reply from this side, it was found that the concession has been made too late; the Chinese had assumed a new attitude, or raised a fresh difficulty; and so the process is repeated.\n\nIn perusing the Minutes of the meetings of the negotiators it is difficult to resist the conclusion that while we may appear to be making progress, it is not in a straight line, but only in a circle.\n\nIt would appear that some such radical change, as indicated in the foregoing proposals, is necessary in order to bring these protracted and tedious negotiations to a speedy and successful issue. It is in this belief that they are recommended for adoption by the Chinese Central Railways, Limited.\n\nAt the conclusion of this statement a few questions were addressed to the British representatives, the answers to which were considered satisfactory.\n\nThe proposals of the British representatives were then accepted by the German group en bloc, who agreed to embody them in a form of instruction to their representative, M. Cordes, which should be submitted to the British group for their approval before being telegraphed to Tien-tsin.\n\nIt was agreed that instructions will be sent by telegraph to the British representative at Tien-tsin at the same time.\n\nThe meeting then adjourned.\n\n76",
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    {
        "id": 411026,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "page_number": 203,
        "title": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "**[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]**\n\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[1241]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n200\n4801\n\nJanuary 17, 1907\n\n### SECTION 5.\n\n(No. 504.) Sir,\n\n#### Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received January 12.)\n\nPeking, November 29, 1906.\n\nI HAVE the honour to forward to you herewith copies of two despatches which I have received from the Military Attaché to His Majesty's Legation, Nos. 27 and 28,* and reporting on the new Chinese War Office and on the 7th division of the In Chun respectively.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1.\n\n#### Memorandum by Lieutenant-Colonel Pereira respecting the New War Office (Lu-Chün Pu).\n\n(No. 27. Confidential.)\n\nWITH reference to the recent changes in the organization of the Chinese War Office, I have received the following opinions from Colonel Ting, an enlightened member of the Chinese head-quarter staff. He says that under the old regime Tich-liang and Hsit-shih-ch'ang, the former President of the Board of Revenue, the latter President of the Board of Police, were members of the Grand Council. The latter was either friendly to the Viceroy, or, at any rate, neutral, whilst the former was an obstructionist, and Viceroy Yüan, fearing his influence, succeeded in getting him removed from the Council, but his schemes were upset when Pu-t'ing (a Manchu and a man of no great mark, who, however, had some claims to the post as an ex-President of the Board of Revenue at Mukden) was appointed President of the Board of Revenue, but without a seat in the Grand Council.\n\nThe Board of Revenue receives and distributes the greater part of the pay of the Lu Chun, but if the President is not a member of the Grand Council, he loses the authority of that body to force Viceroys and Governors to provide provincial contributions.\n\nEach division of the Lu Chun costs about a million taels (say £150,000) annually. The Viceroy pays for the whole of the 2nd Division, and perhaps part of the 4th Division, but for the other divisions the President of the Board of Revenue, through the authority of the Grand Council, receives the annual provincial contributions and other sources of income for the army, which altogether amount to 5 million taels, and hands this sum over to the Tien-ping Ch'u. The Paymaster-General of that body had charge of the money and distributed it according to monthly requirements to the Tu-lien Ch'u. The amount they paid out in this way annually was 4 million taels, viz., for the 1st, 3rd, 4th (in whole or part), 6th and half of the 5th Division (the other half cost of this division is paid for by the Province of Shantung).\n\nThese 5 millions were obtained as follows: Roughly half came from profits on the mints or other sources, and half by contributions levied on the provinces, in unequal shares. The Province of Chihli, for example, being a poor province, only contributes half-a-million taels. The balance of half-a-million taels, over in the hands of the Lien-ping Ch'u, was deposited in their name in various banks (foreign and Chinese), to be kept for emergencies and to provide a fund to pay for outside expenses, such as manoeuvres, &c. This reserve fund now amounts to 3 million taels.\n\n[2310]\n\n*Not printed.",
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    {
        "id": 411027,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "page_number": 204,
        "title": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## \n\nBy the new reforms only the 2nd and 4th Divisions will be directly under the Viceroy, and that in only such questions as training and recruiting, all the other divisions will be directly under the War Office. Furthermore, they hope to abolish the Tu-lien-Ch'u, which is nominally a junior Army Council at Tien-tsin under the higher Army Council (Lien-ping Chu) at Peking. As a matter of fact, whilst the Lien-ping-Ch'u was more or less a nominal Council, the Tu-lien Ch'u, which had its office in the Viceroy's Yamên and was his advisory Council, really controlled the army and had most of the young men of talent (chiefly students from Japan).\n\nThe reformers also hope in the spring to divide the provinces—at present organized in military matters—into military commands, for instance, the Provinces of Chih-li, Shan-tung, and Ho-nan might be put in military matters under Viceroy Yuan, with some such rank as Inspector-General, Hu-nan and Hu-pei under Chang-chih-Tung, An-hui, Kiang-su, and Kiang-si under Tuan-fang. Their powers might be extended, or fresh Inspector-Generals made, as other provinces become qualified for the Lu Chün. A scheme also is on foot for starting a clothing department for the whole army.\n\nHis Excellency Tang Shao-yi said that the Viceroy pays for two divisions. He gets the money partly from profits on the Imperial Railways of North China, salt, and wine duties, and the rest from provincial sources. By the new War Office reforms, the Viceroy is out of the army in name, but his influence will remain, and things will go on as before.\n\nMr. Gardner, of the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank, says that the money received by the Grand Council comes from the profits on the North China Imperial Railway, and not from the mints, whose profits have fallen considerably. It is quite a mistaken idea to believe that China is very poor; in fact, there is any amount of money in the country. All revenues, &c., are regularly paid in, but the money thus received is not expended on the objects for which it was intended, but finds its way into the pockets of greedy officials. In addition, all the Boards have large reserve funds at the banks, and it is correct that the Lien-ping Ch'u reserve is about 3,000,000 taels. The Viceroy is personally hard up for funds, and it is important that he should be backed up in his efforts to raise money. Last summer, 4,000,000 taels of arrears of pay were owing to the Lu Chün, and at one time there was nearly a mutiny on the subject.\n\nExperience shows that all Chinese statements must be accepted with caution, because of the national passion for inaccuracy; but pending the acquisition of future data, one must be cautious in expressing an opinion as to how the new changes in the War Office will affect the army. It may only be a change in name, and affairs may be continued as before. On the other hand, the Viceroy, in name at any rate, is out of the army, and this may change everything.\n\nIt is all-important for its success that the army should have a strong man at its head, and also that it should not run short of funds.\n\nIn the new War Office, the Manchu influence, which is usually conservative, and therefore detrimental to the interests of the army, is predominant. The President of the Board of Revenue is also a Manchu.\n\nThe Tu-lien Ch'u contained the greater part of whatever brains there are in Chinese Army Councils. If it is abolished, the influence of its members will be transferred from the service of the Viceroy to that of the War Office, and his authority in the Lu Chün will thereby probably be considerably weakened.\n\nAmongst other reforms, the duties of paying the army will be taken from the Tu-lien Ch'u and assumed by the War Office, and this would probably weaken to some extent the Viceroy's authority.\n\nThe Viceroy, according to Colonel Ting, was offered the post of Secretary of War; but as this would have entailed his giving up the somewhat independent post of Viceroy, he had to refuse. A difficulty, it appears to me, will arise if Viceroy Yuan and other Viceroys are made Inspector-Generals of military commands, as in that case, they must in a certain sense, in military matters, be subordinate to Tieh Liang.\n\nMany Chinese object to Viceroy Yüan's influence over the Lu Chün, and say that it is nothing more than a provincial army under the Viceroy of Chih-li. This, in a sense, is true, but this is necessary, as the army can never be reformed unless it has the support of the strongest men available, and the process of reform has to be started in a small way in one province and to be gradually spread out so as to absorb the whole Empire. This, of course, arouses the hostility of Viceroys and Governors of other provinces, who will gradually lose the control of their armies, and there is always the possibility of their getting the upper hand and retrograding to the old state of chaos, as represented by effete provincial armies. Perpetual army changes are bound to be detrimental to the interests of the army; unluckily, the Chinese are always eager to plunge into them before they know what they really want.\n\nI was not by any means an enthusiastic admirer of the Lien-ping Ch'u; nevertheless, that moribund institution had the advantage of being directed chiefly by Viceroy Yuan, and he was thus able to be recognized both de jure and de facto as the moving spirit of the Lu Chün. His absence, therefore, though it may only be nominal, causes me to look upon the new War Office with some misgiving.\n\n**(Signed)** G. PEREIRA, Lieutenant-Colonel,  \nGrenadier Guards, Military Attaché.\n\nPeking, November 24, 1906.\n\n## Page 201",
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    {
        "id": 411124,
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        "page_number": 301,
        "title": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## HANKOW.\n\n297\n\nneedy gentry cede to the merchants the management of railways, might let Hupei continue the line to connect with Kuangtung. This was only a scheme of his own, however, which had not yet been broached. The Viceroy mentioned that he would want to borrow 24 millions sterling or, if the southern line went on to Changsha, 34 millions; and his idea was to ask the same terms as to interest and redemption as in the case of the Lu-Han Railway.\n\nAs His Excellency was unwell and looked weary, we took our leave, the Viceroy repeating that so soon as word came from Peking that all would be well, he would lay his proposal before the Throne; Mr. Bland might assure Their Excellencies Chang Po-hsi and T'ang Shao-yi that in Hupei there would be no opposition from any class whatever.\n\nDuring the interview, not a word was said as to Monsieur Casenave and the French banks.\n\nSir,\n\nDecember 11th, 1906.\n\nI have just received and read your note. The other day, I received a note from the French Consul to the effect that the Director of the Banque de l'Indo-Chine, Monsieur Casenave, had come to Hankow accompanied by an Englishman named Eland, having some business to discuss personally with me and asking me to arrange a time to receive them. I have been for some days fully occupied with public affairs and am besides not in a good state of health, and am unable to receive visitors. I wrote at the time to Monsieur de la Batie, the French Consul, to tell these persons to interview the Hankow Taotai, who could in turn inform me.\n\nIn your note just received, the name \"Bland\" is, I take it, the same as the name \"Bland\" in the other note. (The Chinese characters differ, Translator) but I quite fail to understand why he should desire to see me with regard to a loan in conjunction with the Director of the Banque de l'Indo-Chine. What is...\n\nI have &c.,\n\n(Signed) E. H. Fraser, Consul General,\n\nH. Fraser, Esq.",
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        "id": 411170,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "page_number": 347,
        "title": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "# Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\n## Poster issued by the Yunnan-Szechuan und Tengyueh Railways Company about November 15, 1906.\n\n### Head Office of the Yunnan-Szechuan and Tengyueh Railways Company.\n\n**NOTIFICATION**\n\nIn the matter of starting the construction of a Tengyueh Railway, and of fixing its trace, so as to preserve our hold on the profits and to secure our frontiers.\n\nTHE instituting of railways means profits exceedingly wide, but also a task that is most formidable. All the provinces of late have planned how to build them themselves, which is good, in so far as economies are concerned, and cannot be otherwise than timely and excellent. In the case of those that have been conceded to foreigners, money to buy them back has been raised with alacrity, as, for example, the Lu-han (Peking to Hankow), the Ching-han (sic, ? Tien-tsin to Chinkiang), and the Yuch-han (Canton to Hankow) Railways, which have all been redeemed, through the collection of large sums, for construction by ourselves. In the case of those that were about to be conceded to but have not been commenced by foreigners, as, for instance, the Yunnan-Tengyueh Railway, his Excellency the Governor-General Ting has recently authorized us to bring reason to bear on and to contravert the British Consul, and to insist on its being built by ourselves, combining it with the Yunnan-Szechuan Railway, for which sanction has been asked by Memorial, and collecting capital for its construction.\n\nMoreover, Yunnan is on the far frontier, limitrophe with England and France. If commerce is to flourish, and we do not build railways, we shall be unable to open up sources of profit; if for the course of the line we do not fix a trace, we shall be unable to give check to their covetous desires.\n\nOur Governor-General, with anxious thought for the difficulties of the time, and with a keen view of the situation, has been good enough to memorialize for the construction by ourselves of the Yunnan-Szechuan Railway. The Yunnan-Touquin Railway is being pushed forward by the French, and in no long time will be completed; the days can be counted when an advance in trade can certainly be expected. But, considering that the commerce of the province is equally important in the west as in the south, and that the movement of merchandize is far greater at Tengyueh than at Mengtzu, once the southern road (to Tonquin) is opened, French goods will increase on the market, and the British will quote the principle of \"equality of treatment in the matter of privileges\" to set to and build the Tengyueh-Burah Railway. This would certainly be reasonable; but as great gain is involved, we cannot but take thought beforehand, and rather than concede the construction to others and let the profits go entirely to them, it would be better to make our own plans for building and let the profits come to ourselves.\n\nMoreover, from the Burmah frontier to Tengyueh is only 300 odd li (100 miles or so), and would not cost more than one-fifth of the amount needed for the Yunnan-Szechuan line. All that would be required would be to set aside the proceeds for one or two years of the charge on the salt and grain contributions, already arranged for. This would form the base; for the balance, the wealthy merchants of the western circuit would be urged to show energy in taking up shares. Many a mickle would make a muckle, and we believe that this road, its length being short, would speedily become a success.\n\nFellow countrymen! Fathers! We think that you will assuredly struggle who shall be first, each fearing to be last, and that you will exhort one another to effort, emptying your purses in contributions. Do not disappoint our earnest hopes!\n\n341",
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    {
        "id": 411291,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "page_number": 468,
        "title": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## 4\n\nHis Excellency's being notified of the true position of M. Casenave, M. de la Batie ascribing his blunder to his writer.\n\nMr. Bland then handed me a Memorandum, which was embodied in a reply to the Viceroy (copy and translation inclosed).\n\nShortly after, Mr. Bland returned to say that the Tuotai was at the bank waiting to take him across to see his Excellency Ch'ang, who insisted on my also being present.\n\nWe therefore called on his Excellency, to whom I handed my reply to his note. His Excellency read it carefully, and asked if Mr. Bland had any draft of his proposals to show him.\n\nIt was explained that no special terms had yet been drafted, but the general tenor of the Kowloon-Canton Agreement would be followed. The English text was given to him, and he was told that a correct Chinese version would be found in the Shanghai \"Hsin-wen Pao\"; this his Secretary, Mr. Chan, had just seen.\n\nMr. Bland also handed in his Memorandum on railway construction in China, with apologies for the inferiority of its Chinese translation. The Viceroy said all that was needed was clearness and freedom from humbug.\n\nMr. Bland then stated that while in Peking he had seen the President of the Board of Communications, who had assured him that, provided the Viceroy did not object, his Board would support the raising abroad of a construction loan for the Yueh-Han and other Hu-Kuang railways. Vice-President Tang Shao-yi held the same views.\n\nMr. Bland was proceeding to advocate a uniform system for all provincial railways, and the making of the whole Hankow-Canton line one Government undertaking, when the Viceroy interposed that those were questions for the central authorities; all he could guarantee was that he was ready and anxious, so soon as the Board wrote or telegraphed that such a scheme would be acceptable, to memorialize the Throne for leave to borrow abroad for the building of Hupei's sections of the trunk lines south and west. He had been twice snubbed last year when he advocated this step, and he dared not move again unless assured of a favourable reception of his proposals.\n\nMr. Bland inquired whether Hunan could not be induced to come into line with Hupei; but his Excellency vehemently asserted that the Hunan gentry, with whom all control lay, would not listen to any argument on the subject, being in this and other matters obstinate, pig-headed, and unenlightened.\n\nWe suggested that a line only to Yochow would never pay. His Excellency agreed, and said he had hopes of being able to get Hunan to let Hupei continue the line to Changsha on the understanding that Hupei, and not foreigners, would be the lender. Possibly in course of time, if that line proved a benefit, the Hunanese, of whom the moneyed merchants would never supply the gentry with funds for railways, nor the needy gentry cede to the merchants the management of railways, might let Hupei continue the line to connect with Kuangtung. This was only a scheme of his own, however, which had not yet been broached.\n\nThe Viceroy mentioned that he would want to borrow 2,500,000, or, if the southern line went on to Changsha, 3,500,000, and his idea was to ask the same terms as to interest and redemption as in the case of the Lu-Han Railway.\n\nAs his Excellency was unwell and looked weary, we took our leave, the Viceroy repeating that, so soon as word came from Peking that all would be well, he would lay his proposal before the Throne; Mr. Bland might assure their Excellencies Chang Po-hsi and Tang Shao-yi that in Hupei there would be no opposition from any class whatever.\n\nDuring the interview not a word was said as to M. Casenave and the French banks.\n\n## 5\n\nBland, having some business to discuss personally with me, and asking me to arrange a time to receive them. I have been for some days fully occupied with public affairs, and am besides not in a good state of health, and am unable to receive visitors. I wrote at the time to M. de la Batie, the French Consul, to tell these persons to interview the Hankow Tantai, who could in turn inform me. The name \"Bland\" is, I take it, the same as the name \"Bland\" in the other note; but I quite fail to understand why he should desire to see me with regard to a loan in conjunction with the Director of the \"Banque de l'Indo-Chine.\" What is his actual reason for coming to Hupei, and has the loan been sanctioned by the Board of Communications? I hope you will give me a full explanation; but to-morrow I really cannot receive visitors, and I must still ask Mr. Bland to first interview the Customs Taotai, and if there should be anything of very great importance to tell me, please ask him to delay his departure a day or two, when I will await the honour of a visit.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n### Inclosure 7 in No. 1\n\n**(Card of Chang Chih-tung.)**\n\n**Consul-General Fraser to Viceroy Chang**\n\nYour Excellency,\n\nHankow, December 11, 1906.\n\nIn reply to your note regarding Mr. Bland, I have the honour to transmit herewith, for your information, the following Memorandum drawn up by that gentleman:\n\n\"It should be explained that, owing to a mistake committed by the writer (?) at the French Consulate, M. Casenave has been referred to as representing the 'Banque de l'Indo-Chine,' whereas, as a matter of fact, in the business which it is now proposed to discuss with his Excellency, he is acting with Mr. Bland in representing the British and Chinese Corporation, an English Company whereof the executive control is British, and which proposes to finance and construct Chinese railways by loans issued in London. It should also be explained that the association of French capital in this business (for which the Corporation is and must remain solely responsible) is the result of internal and purely financial arrangements made by the Corporation with a certain powerful French banking house with a view to insuring the ready provision of capital for railway and other enterprises in China. M. Casenave is appointed by the British and Chinese Corporation as its associate representative in recognition of the French financial interests and of the valuable resources which they place at the Corporation's disposal; but the direction of negotiations is intrusted to Mr. Bland, representative of the Corporation in China, who is empowered to submit terms for his Excellency's consideration in regard to railway loans. In these negotiations the 'Banque de l'Indo-Chine' is not concerned.\n\n\"From recent discussion of railway matters with the Yu Chuan Pu, Mr. Bland has reason to believe that he can put forward proposals acceptable alike to his Excellency and to the Chinese Government.\"\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) E. H. FRASER.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed) E. H. FRASER.\n\n### Inclosure 6 in No. 1\n\n**(Translation.) Sir,**\n\n**Viceroy Chang to Consul-General Fraser**\n\nHankow, December 11, 1906.\n\nI have just received and read your note. The other day I received a note from the French Consul to the effect that the Director of the \"Banque de l'Indo-Chine,\" M. Casenave, had come to Hankow, accompanied by an Englishman named Bland...\n\nPage 462",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "page_number": 656,
        "title": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## \n\nSoochow, I venture to express the opinion that the sanctioning of these competitive lines constitutes a direct breach of the terms of the Shanghai-Nanking Railway Loan Agreement, Article 17, paragraph 2, of which reads as follows:\n\n\"It is further agreed that, without the express consent in writing of the Director-General and the British and Chinese Corporation, no other rival railway detrimental to the business of the same is to be permitted, and no parallel line to the Shanghai-Nanking Railway is to be allowed to the injury of the latter's interest within the area served by the Shanghai-Nanking main line or branch lines.\"\n\nYou are doubtless better informed on all these matters than myself; still I feel I should be failing in my duty if I omitted to call your attention more particularly to the proposed competitive line to Soochow, which, if allowed to be built, can only be detrimental to the interests of our railway.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed)  \n**A. H. COLLINSON**\n\nFrom the Shanghai stations to Lung Hua | 2\nLang Hai to Mai Chia Lung | 23\nMai Chia Lung to Hsin Chuang | \nHsin Chuang to Hsin Chiao | 34\nHsin Chiao to Sungkiang east gate | \nSiu Nan Tang to Huang Chiao | 19\nSungkiang east gate to west gate, Siu Nan Tang | 3\nHuang Chiao to Han Chiaho | 13\nHan Chiao to Feng Chin | 3\n\nThe names of the stations are as follows:-\nShanghai, Lung Hua, Mai Chia Lung, Hsin Chuang, Hsin Chiao, Sungkiang Gate, East, Sungkiang Gate, West, Huang Chiao Chen, Han Chiaho, Feng Chin.\n\n### Inclosure 2 in No. 1\n## Rough Outline of the Route and Construction Work of the Shanghai-Kashing Railway\n\nThe Shanghai-Kashing line commences from outside of the Big South Gate, where the native city garrison is situated, and ends at Feng Chin Chen, under the jurisdiction of Sungkiang Fu. The total length of the line is 191,000 feet, which is equal to 1061 lis. To the west of Feng Chin Chen is the Chekiang boundary line, where the Chekiang Railway will join on and build their line right up to Hangchow.\n\nRivers and Creeks.--Between the Shanghai Station and Feng Chin Chen there are a great many rivers and creeks to cross. The biggest of them is Heng Liao Chin.\n\nWe append here the names of some of the rivers and creeks, with their widths and depths-\n\n| Names | Width (Feet) | Depth (Feet) |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Shih Hui Chiang | 88 | 10 |\n| Tsao Ho Chin | 160 | 8 |\n| Heng Tang | 45 | 10 |\n| Ho Chia Ping | 50 |  |\n| Chu Chiang | 80 | 8 |\n| Tung Chun Sheu Tang | 274 | 6 |\n| Pan Lung Tang Nan | 70 |  |\n| Hei Chiao Ping | 43 |  |\n| Ta Chang Chin | 75 | 6 |\n| Sha Chiang |  |  |\n| Lu Kang Chin | 266 | 25 |\n| Ta Heng Liao Chin | 720 | 75 |\n| Chang Muo Hu | 20 |  |\n| Lung Hua Chiang | 44 | 30 |\n| Chang Chin Tang | 7 |  |\n| Heng Li Tang Nau | 60 | 12 |\n| Jui Chun Shen Tang | 70 | $5 |\n| Chang Chin Nao Kuei Chao Tang | 6 |  |\n| Siu Nan Chiao Tang | 75 | 9 |\n| Oktang Sui Chiang | 50 | 4 |\n| Huang Ni Chin | 32 | 4 |\n|  | 65 | 8 |\n|  | 79 | 8 |\n|  | 295 | 18 |\n\nThe remainder of the mountain streams and side creeks that the line crosses amounts to 169, and the width of them all is equal to 5,298 feet. The heights of the land to be raised at the various places are as follows:--  \n650",
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    {
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## \n\na mart, to install here a large agency of l'Union Commerciale, with ten or a dozen Europeans. The firm would deal in all kinds of goods, including kerosene. From other sources I hear that although this firm succeeded in raising a considerable amount of capital in France last year, its prospects in Yunnan Province are not regarded as brilliant. A large sum was lost three or four years ago by the Mengtzu Agency through speculation in opium.\n\nThe Yunnan Syndicate is showing more signs of life than has been the case for some time. M. Lutz, the local Manager, has got as far as Mengtzu, where he is looking for a house in which to set up an extensive assayist's laboratory purchased in England. He is to be assisted by a young Englishman named Collins, now in Hong Kong. Both gentlemen contemplate visiting Yunnan-fu shortly, when I shall be in a better position to report on the proposals and prospects of the Syndicate.\n\nA Match Factory, to be run with capital largely raised in London and (I believe) Singapore, is in contemplation, but is being delayed by the death of one of the two local Managers, M. Schneebeli, a Swiss.\n\n## Proposed Distribution Agency for goods from India and Burmah\n\nThe Norwegian agent in Yunnan of the British and Foreign Bible Society (Mr. Edward Amundsen), a capable man with an extensive personal knowledge of Yünnan and Szechuan, laid before me last October a proposal to open depôts at Yunnan-fu and Hsiakuan for the display of samples of woven goods, hardware, watches, soaps, paper, medicines, boots, grocers' stores, and the rest. This proposal I transmitted, through the Government of Burmah, to the Rangoon Chamber of Commerce. In due course I was informed by the Chief Secretary that it had been passed on to the Chamber, but I am still without any acknowledgment from the latter. I regret to say that this apparent indifference to the furtherance of trade with Yünuan would seem to be characteristic of the present Rangoon Chamber.\n\n## Inland Transit Passes\n\nA local Chinese merchant sent in to me a petition affirming that a consignment of dried orange peel (\"ch'en pi\"), for which an inland transit pass had been taken out at Chungking, was being detained by the li-kin collectorate here. Petitioner represented that the pass had been granted to the British firm of Kung-tai (J. W. Stewart), but on making inquiries I found that it had been issued to the China Merchants Company. Although the goods had, by their passage through Hong Kong, acquired a foreign status, they are of Chinese origin; I did not, therefore, feel justified in doing more than to advise, informally, the Provincial Government to release them pending a reference to the Chungking Customs.\n\nThis is the first case for upwards of three years in which complaint has reached me of lack of respect shown to transit passes.\n\n## Laokei-Yunnan-fu Railway\n\nTowards the end of 1905 the Construction Company declared that the work could not be completed for the amount originally estimated, and that some sixty million more francs would be necessary. It was in connection with this demand that M. Beau, Governor-General of Indo-China, visited the province last March.\n\nHis Excellency was conducted along the line, up the valley of the Namhti, past the Mengizu Plain to La-li-hei, a point some three stages further north. Thence he returned to Tonking by way of Mengtzu and Manhao. The object of this tour was doubtless to show what difficulties had been, and remained to be, surmounted; but to thus confine the Governor-General's attention to a series of ravines was hardly the best way to convince him that the Yunnan Province is worth exploiting. However that may be, it is understood that M. Beau concluded that further financial aid must be given, and with that end in view has been personally consulting at Paris with the State Departments concerned. (He returned a short time since to Hanoi.)\n\nMeanwhile the French Government had sent out a Mission of Inquiry, headed by M. Drogue, Engineer-in-chief of the Ponts et Chaussées. He was assisted by two Engineers, MM. Constantin and Gervais, and by two Financial Experts, MM. Decron and Loisy. The Commission followed the line right up to Yunnan-fu, accompanied by M. Guibert, the Chief Superintendent, and M. Sainson, formerly Consul at Mengtzu, representing the Construction Company; by M. Jullidières, Acting Director-General of Public Works in Tongking, and MM. Metour and Kerler, representing the interests of the Colony; and by MM. Langrogne and Chemin-Dupontès, representing the Concessionnaires. Two days only were spent at Yunnan-fu, after which the party returned to Mengtzu along the earlier trace, through Tunghai. On their arrival at Mengtzu M. Drogue declared himself so disgusted with Chinese inns as to be unwilling to encounter the worst of them all, those between Mengtzu and Manhao. He accordingly elected to go down to Tongking by the Namhti route. Part of his following took the ordinary road to Manhao, while part continued to observe the original trace along the Sinhsien Valley.\n\nIt is confidently expected that, as a result of their reports, the money asked for by the Construction Company will be forthcoming. MM. Guibert and Sainson went to Paris with the Mission, M. Guibert's place being meanwhile taken by M. du Traz.\n\nService trains are running for at least 33 kilom. (say 20 miles) in Yünnan territory, and work is being energetically pushed everywhere. Some 46,000 coolies are now employed, costing per head in the Namhti Valley, in wages and rice, 1 dol. 20 c. a-day. At this (the Yunnan-fu) end of the line, the buildings of the station are complete except for doors, windows, and ironwork. All the staff of the section has been transferred elsewhere, and one European alone will be left in charge of the buildings and of the comparatively small remaining work on the embankments. It seems now fairly certain that the railway will be completed by the end of 1909.\n\nP.S.-A Reuter's telegram (Hong Kong, 24th January) reports that the French Government has approved the project of a loan intended to complete the Yunnan Railway.\n\n## Movements of Foreign Officials\n\nM. Leduc, “Député du Ministère des Affaires Étrangères,\" left Yunnan-fu on the 7th February, after a residence here of close on three years. I hear (from Chinese sources) that he has recommended his Government to bestow decorations on Hsing-lu, for many years Superintendent of the Department for Foreign Affairs in Yünnan and now Financial Commissioner in Kueichow; on Kuei-fu, his sometime Assistant, now Prefect of Chengchiang; on Chou Hang, formerly Magistrate at Mengtzu; and on Tang, French Secretary in the Foreign Department. In return a telegram was sent, about the 4th February, to Peking, asking for the bestowal on M. Leduc of rank of the Second Degree (Erh-p'in Ting-t'ai).\n\nWith the exception of four months at Foochow in 1887, M. Leduc has spent the whole of his twenty-one years of service either in the north, at Peking or Tien-tsin, or in this province, at Mengtzu and Yunnan-fu. He remains titular \"Premier Interprète\" —or, as we should say, Chinese Secretary—to the French Legation; but it is doubtful whether on his return to China at the close of this year he will take up the post.\n\nHe is succeeded here by M. Arnould, Consul of the Second Class. M. Arnould has been stationed at Aleppo, and is altogether ignorant of Chinese. He is some 52 years of age, and has been confined to his bed since his arrival, so that I have not yet had the pleasure of meeting him. He has brought with him his young son of 10, with the latter's governess, Mme. Arnould remaining in France with her daughter.\n\nM. Gélis, Assistant at the French Consulate-General, leaves for Foochow. He has been replaced here by M. Soulier, a young man who has spent five years in China, for the most part at Shaughae. He will act as interpreter for M. Arnould.\n\nTo the Yunnan-fu agency of the Imperial Chinese Post has been sent a Frenchman, M. Périer, at one time employed at the French post-office at Tien-tsin, but later on at the Chinese Post at Yochow. Hitherto the office has been run by Chinese alone, with the result that many complaints reached the Superintending Commissioner (at Mengtzu) of petty frauds or exactions. A recent notification by the Judicial Commissioner invites popular confidence in M. Périer and the three branch offices he has opened in this city.\n\nM. Mougeot, \"Receveur\" at the French post-office here, expects to shortly return to Tonquin. He has an uncle who is, or was, a Cabinet Minister.\n\n## Missions\n\nMgr. Fenouil, titular Bishop of Tenedos and Vicar Apostolic in Yunnan, died on the 10th January, aged 86. He came out to Hong Kong nearly sixty years ago, stayed on the island some two years, then proceeded to this province, where he resided continuously up to the day of his death. He was, I imagine, the oldest European resident in China. In earlier days he more than once went in peril of his life; but he died a Chevalier of the Legion of Honour. For the past few years he led a very secluded life, indeed, never saw him. A Suffragan Bishop, Mgr. Excoffier, acted for him till a year or two ago, when the Suffragan returned to Rome, severing for some reason his connection with the Mission. Since that time P. Maire, the Pro-Vicaire, ...\n\nPage 43",
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        "content_text": "## Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nJ. O. P. BLAND.\n\nMessrs. Jardine, Matheson, and Co, to Mr. Bland.\n\nShanghae, January 28, 1907.\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\nConsidering it most important that you should be promptly advised of any developments connected with the Chinese railway Shanghae to Kashing, we wired to you on the 23rd instant as follows:-- \n\n\"Chinese railway Shanghae to Kashing, 35 miles, first sod was cut 21st January outside Shanghae City, large demonstration,\" We have advised the British and Chinese Corporation.'\n\nWe have now pleasure in handing you, for your further information in this connection, copy of the Engineer-in-chief's letter to us, dated the 23rd instant, Memorandum giving full details of the proposed line.\n\nWe are, &c.\n\n(Per pro. Jardine, Matheson, and Co.)\n\n(Signed) JAS. MCKIE.\n\nPutting aside the question of ignoring the existence of the preliminary Agreement dated the 13th May, 1898, for the construction and working of the railways from Soochow to Hangchow and Ningpo, provision for which has been made at considerable cost in constructing double line works on the section of our railway from Shanghae to Soochow, I venture to express the opinion that the sanctioning of these competitive lines constitutes a direct breach of the terms of the Shanghae Nanking Railway Loan Agreement, Article 17, paragraph 2, which reads as follows:-- \n\n\"It is further agreed that, without the express consent in writing of the Director-General and the British and Chinese Corporation, no other rival railway detrimental to the business of the same is to be permitted, and no parallel line to the Shanghae-Nanking Railway is to be allowed to the injury of the latter's interest within the area served by the Shanghae-Nanking main line or branch lines.\"\n\nYou are doubtless better informed on all these matters than myself. Still I feel I should be failing in my duty if I omitted to call your attention more particularly to the proposed competitive line to Soochow, which, if allowed to be built, can only be detrimental to the interests of our railway.\n\nI am, &c. (Signed) A. H. COLLINSON.\n\n## Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nMr. Collinson to Messrs. Jardine, Matheson, and Co.\n\nShanghae, January 23, 1907.\n\nYou will have noticed in the papers accounts of the proceedings in connection with the turning of the first sod of the Shanghae-Kashing Railway on Monday last. A rough outline of the proposed route of the railway was given in yesterday's \"Sin Wan Pao,\" a translation of which I handed to Mr. McKie yesterday afternoon.\n\nThe route described in the \"Sin Wan Pao\" has to some extent been confirmed by the private information I have been able to gather, and I am further informed that the survey is in active progress on the lines indicated; also that land acquisition has been commenced.\n\nYou will notice that it has been proposed to extend the line from the Chekiang boundary to Hangchow, this part of the work being constructed by the Chekiang Railway Company.\n\nI am reliably informed that another Chinese Railway Company is surveying a line from Soochow to Kashing, where it is also proposed to make a junction with the Shanghae-Kashing-Hangchow line. If these proposals are allowed to mature, another route will be established by rail from Shanghae to Soochow (via Kashing) in direct competition with the Shanghae-Nanking Railway.\n\n## Inclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\n### A Rough Outline of the Route and Construction Work of the Shanghae Kashing Railway\n\n#### Mileage\n\nThe Shanghae-Kashing line commences from outside of the Big South Gate, where the native city garrison is situated, and ends at Feng Chin Chen, under the jurisdiction of Sung Kiang Pu. The total length of the line is 191,000 feet, which is equal to 36.1 miles or 106.1 lis. To the west of Feng Chin Chen is the Chekiang boundary-line, where the Chekiang Railway will join on and build their line right up to Hangchow.\n\n#### Rivers and Creeks\n\nBetween the Shanghae station and Feng Chin Chen there are a great many rivers and creeks to cross. The biggest of them is Hang Liao Chin.\n\nWe append here the names of some of the rivers and creeks, with their widths and depths:\n\n| Names | Width (Ft.) | Depth (Ft.) |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Shih Tui Chiang | 88 | ... |\n| Tsao Ho Chin | 160 | ... |\n| Heng Tang | 45 | ... |\n| Hsia Chia Ping | 50 | ... |\n| Chu Chiang | 80 | ... |\n| Tung Chun Shen Tang | 274 | ... |\n| Pang Lang Tan Nan | 70 | ... |\n| Hei Chiao Ping | 43 | ... |\n| Ta Chang Chin | 75 | 10 |\n| Chang Mao Hu | 20 | 4 |\n| Lung Hua Chiang | 80 | 7 |\n| Chang Chia Tang | 60 | 10 |\n| Heng Li Tang Nan | 70 | 12 |\n| Sha Chiang | 55 | 6 |\n| Jai Chun Shen Tang | 75 | ... |\n| Chang Chin Nau | 50 | 4 |\n| Kuei Chao Tang | 32 | 4 |\n| Siu Nan Chiao Tang | 65 | 3 |\n| Lu Kang Chin | 266 | 25 |\n| Chang Sni Chiang | 79 | 8 |\n| Ta Heng Liao Chin | 720 | 75 |\n| Huang Ni Chin | 295 | 18 |\n\nThe remainder of the mountain streams and side creeks that the line crosses amount to 169, and the width of them all is equal to 5,298 feet.\n\n#### The height of the land to be raised at the various places are as follows:-\n\n* From the Shanghae station to Lung Hua, 3 feet.\n* From Lung Hua to Mai Chia Lung, 1 foot.\n* From Mai Chia Lung to Hsin Chuang, 2 feet.\n* From Hsin Chuang to Hsin Chiao, 3 feet.\n* From Hsin Chiao to Sungkiang East Gate, 3 feet.\n* From Sungkiang East Gate to West Gate, Siu Nan Tang, 6 feet.\n* From Siu Nan Tang to Huang Chiao, 8 feet.\n* From Huang Chiao to Han Chiao Ho, 9 feet.\n* From Han Chia Ho to Feng Chin, 4 feet.",
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        "content_text": "# 8\n\n\"Chung Wai Jih Pao,\" of the 2nd April:\n\nThe Bureau for the Taxation of Prepared Opium at Soochow is to be converted into a Bureau for the Control and Taxation of Prepared Opium.\n\nThe Bureau for the Taxation of Prepared Opium will be abolished at the end of the 3rd Chinese moon, and the tax which would be paid by the raw and prepared opium dealers will be collected by the Bureau for the Control and Taxation of Prepared Opium. The Director of the Bureau for the Taxation, Liu, District Magistrate, has been ordered by Liu Taotai, of the Anti-Opium Bureau, to assume the duties of Receiver of the opium tax. He is to take up the management of the new tax when his old post is abolished, as a mark of appreciation of his past good work.\n\n\"Nan Fang Pao,\" of the 2nd April:\n\nThe tax on prepared opium in Soochow and the neighbourhood will cease to be levied at the end of the 3rd moon, when the Bureau for Taxation will be wound up and abolished. We hear that Liu, District Magistrate, head of the Bureau, in view of this, has given orders to his clerks, &c., in this office to draw up a clear statement of the accounts of all income and expenditure of this office, to be submitted to the Anti-Opium Bureau for their inspection. The duties of collection of taxes from all raw and prepared opium shops will in future devolve upon the Bureau for the Control and Surveillance of Opium.\n\n\"Chung Wai Jih Pao,\" of the 20th March:\n\nThe Bureau for the Surveillance of Opium Smokers was opened on the 15th March. Liu Taotai is Director, and proposes to secure the co-operation of the gentry to effect the object of the control of all opium matters. The gentry on the Committee of the Anti-Opium Society called a meeting of its members to discuss the matter. Liu Taotai, the Director, and Lu, Proctor, attended and addressed the meeting. The discussion was protracted, but at last it was decided that the Society should work in conjunction with the officials, and the meeting broke up.\n\n\"Hsin Wen Pao,\" of the 20th March:\n\nLiu Taotai, head of the Central Anti-Opium Bureau at Soochow, has settled that the monthly salary of the Director of the Bureau should be 100 taels; that of the Proctor, Lu, 50 taels; and that there should be one head clerk at 12 taels per mensem, two assistant clerks at 9 taels each; there will be also expenses for the maintenance of office servants and the meals of the staff, and various miscellaneous expenses. All these will be met by the Board of Reorganization for the time being, and a further sum of 500 taels should be borrowed from them for the preliminary expenses of organization. The Bureau was opened on the 15th March. When later the Bureau for the Control and Taxation of Prepared Opium shall be working, its expenses will be met out of the profits of the Anti-Opium Bureau. The above details have been submitted to, and approved by, the Governor.\n\n\"Shih Pao,\" of the 10th April:\n\nIn connection with the Viceroy's idea to establish a Bureau for the Sale of Prepared Opium, he recently ordered the Provincial Treasurer to appoint a deputy to act with a District Magistrate to investigate the opium hongs and larger opium dens, to find out the quantity of opium carried in stock by them, and the quantity sold monthly. No concealment was to be allowed, and when the inquiry was complete Regulations were to be drawn up and capital found for taking over the opium by the officials, and the establishment of an official bureau for dealing with it. On the establishment of the Anti-Opium Bureau as a working concern, the old duty on prepared opium will cease to be levied, but the price of the opium sold officially will be raised above the market value. On the 7th instant Taotais Liu and Lu went to the Anti-Opium Society in the Chung Chieh Road, and with Yao, one of the gentry, held a meeting to discuss measures for the suppression of opium smoking. It was settled that any one wishing to purchase opium should take out a licence enabling him to purchase the prepared opium from the shops. These licences are to be issued on the following system: The various trades will elect a head, who is to be responsible for all the members of the same profession, and take out their licences for them. People without definite professions must go to the branch Anti-Opium Society nearest their domicile, and will there obtain their licences duly filled in with the necessary particulars. The gentry in the various villages shall arrange for the establishment of a branch of the Anti-Opium Society, which shall issue licences indorsed with particulars as to the quantity of opium they consume, which quantity must be decreased month by month. All these measures will be put into force within three months.\n\n## 9\n\n\"Shen Pao,\" of the 12th April:\n\nGives a fuller account of the proceedings of this meeting. It says over 100, including the Taotai Liu; head of the Board of Commerce Yu, Secretary of a Board; Liu Taotai, head of the Anti-Opium Office; and Lu, Proctor, among the officials, with Yao, founder of the Society, and Chang, of the Chamber of Commerce. It was resolved that on the 13th April a bureau for the purpose of curing and tending opium smokers was to be opened. Expenses, board and lodging, medicines and medical attendance, should be gratis. If, however, patients were cured of the habit and subsequently resumed smoking they would be liable to a fine of ten times the expenditure incurred over their cure. If they had not money to meet the fine they were to be fined in proportion to what their means were. Offenders with small means were to be cangued for a month as a warning to others.\n\n### 5. Restrictions on Smokers\n\n\"Shen Pao,\" of the 12th April:\n\nOpium smokers will have to go to the nearest branch of the Anti-Opium Society to obtain their licences. These branches will be established in all villages and market towns by the local gentry. Each trade will elect its representative, who will control the licences to be issued enabling the holder to purchase prepared opium. For example, a smoker whose profession is that of carpenter will have to go to the head of the carpenters' trade for his licence, and must declare the quantity of opium purchased by him monthly. Should he be unwilling or unable to decrease the amount smoked, and has means to enable him to afford it, he will have to pay an increase of 50 per cent. on the market price. Thirty men have been already nominated to serve as representatives of their respective professions.\n\n### 6. Closure of Opium Dens\n\n\"Shih Pao,\" of the 10th April:\n\nMany opium dens are behindhand with the payment of the prepared opium tax due from them. Some days ago the Central Bureau of Finance at Nanking shut up all those which had not paid and broke their appliances. Altogether over 100 of the shops thus closed.\n\n\"Shen Pao,\" of the 12th April:\n\nThe opium dens are given six months to close their doors. In Soochow, returns give 1,900 odd shops of this class, of which four only do not provide facilities for smoking on the premises. Shops which have counters, showing them to be not only smoking dens but retail prepared opium shops, will be allowed to be converted into retail shops.\n\nThe Soochow opium shops have been warned by the Proclamation of the Anti-Opium Bureau that from the 13th April the price of opium will be raised, and that at the end of the 6th moon they will be all closed. A meeting was held on the 9th instant. Some 200 were present at the Hual Fang Huan tea-house, and the matter was discussed. We hear that it was resolved to petition the authorities to remove the prohibition and not to raise the price. The meeting was adjourned till the 12th instant.\n\n\"Hsin Wen Pao,\" of the 12th April:\n\nSoochow opium shops belong to two guilds—the Soochow and Canton Guilds. A large number are engaged in the business. Since the Anti-Opium Bureau has issued their recent prohibitory notices the two guilds hold daily meetings. As the prices of opium will be raised after the 13th instant, and people are leaving off smoking in numbers, business is decreasing daily, and those engaged in it are very uneasy. When opium shops are closed at the end of six months their profession will be gone and means of livelihood will cease. It has been resolved to petition at once for a postponement of ... \n\n[2564 p-4]",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "page_number": 583,
        "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## The Present Trade Route and Proposed Railway Line\n\nThe present trade route has been evolved in the process of time. Distance and the nature of the ground have been more important factors in determining its course than the lowest gaps in the mountains or the easiest grade. To gain some li, or avoid bad ground, it is frequently carried some hundreds of feet higher than necessary. A spur is always used in preference to a valley. One result is that there is invariably a short cut or an alternative route between important places. From Tengyueh to the Shweli Bridge, there is at least one commonly used road besides the main road. From the Shweli Bridge, there are two roads to the Salween Bridge, the stone road passing Ta-li-shu and Ho-mu-shu, and the \"new\" unpaved road to Hsiao Ping-ho, and thence down the ravine by Lao-chai. From Tengyueh, there is another distinct road to the Salween Bridge, which I much regret not having explored. The first stage along the road to Lungling is as far as Menglien and thence to Ta-ho-lao. The Shweli is crossed by the Lo-an chain bridge, 40 li (about 8 miles) below the main road bridge. Other villages on the road are: Kung-hao, Hsiao-ti-fang, Ch'eng-men-tung, P'u-mang-shao, Shih-t'i-chai, about 35 li (7 miles) from the Salween Bridge, Mo-p'an-shih, Pa-wan, Hsiang-shu, and Mo-cha.\n\nFrom Ta-pan-ching, east of the Salween, there is a mountain track to P'u-piao. The range west of Yung-ch'ang Fu is crossed by caravans in three places, namely, above Hun-shui-tang, at 7,500 feet; by the main road above Leng-shui-ching, at 7,200 feet; and at Ta-kuan-shih, at 6,600 feet. Foreign travellers are always taken along the main roads, unless they happen to know that there is another one and compel their mulemen to follow it.\n\nThe selection of a trace for a railway is naturally governed by other considerations than those which have made the trade route, and it has been found possible to avoid one of the ranges—that between the Shun-pi and the Yang-pi Rivers—to discover gaps lower than the main road passes in the other ranges, with the exception of the Yang-chang-Mekong Divide, which is turned, by adopting a course north of the Yung-chang Plain.\n\nThe line proposed by Mr. Lilley runs direct from Tali to Hsia-kuan, 10 miles. The country is practically level, and there is no difficulty. The plain is rich and prosperous enough to support a railway on its own merits. The outlet from the lake would be bridged east of the town of Hsia-kuan. From this place, altitude 6,600 feet, to Ping-po, the junction of the Hsia-kuan and Yang-pi Rivers, there is a drop of 1,700 feet in 12 miles. The line would follow the left bank downstream, cross the river below its junction with the Shun-pi River (9 miles, altitude 4,550 feet), and come up the right bank of the latter for 26 miles, to the neighbourhood of Huang-lien-p'u. It would take 24 miles to cross the range into the Yung-ping Plain, going through a newly-discovered gap at 7,700 feet, south of the road. From Chu-tung, in the plain, there would be up-hill work for 16 miles, to another gap, 7,400 feet, in the Mekong-Yungping watershed, over which the road goes at an altitude of 8,200 feet. From the gap to the Mekong would require 18 miles of line, which would cross the main road near Shayang, and go down a lateral valley to the river, about 8 miles north of the bridge. From the river 4,100 feet, to the watershed, 6,500 feet, near Lan-tien-pa, north of Yung-ch'ang Fu, would be a difficult piece of work, but from there to the town would be easy going. To the south-west, the line would cross the watershed near Ta-kuan-shih, 6,600 feet, about a dozen miles from the town, and passing along the P'u-p'iao Plain, cross the watershed between Fang-ma-chang and Ta-pan-ching, 4,900 feet, and go along the left bank of the stream until the Salween was reached. The river would be bridged to the south of the main road bridge, and the line would go south-west through the Salween Plain (Lu-chiang-pa) and cross the divide 20 miles from the river at a newly-discovered gap (6,900 feet) south of Hsiao-ti-fang. The descent would take 13 miles, and the Shweli be crossed north of the Lo-an Bridge, above mentioned. The line would then require 11 miles to ascend the mountains west of the Shweli, to a gap, 6,500 feet. It would run practically level for 2 miles, to another gap at the same altitude, and reach the Tengyueh Plain near the village of Kuan-p'o, in the branch valley out of which the road to Lungling climbs. From the plain, the line would run almost due north, to the town of Tengyueh, which is some 11 miles from the nearer gap.\n\nThe total length of line from here to Tali is put down at 240 miles as against 170 by the road. It is proposed that the line, as well as the proposed line from Bhamo, should be worked by electricity, to be generated by using one of the rivers (Salween or Mekong). It may be recommended that a separate power-house should be built in British territory for the section from Bhamo to Tengyueh. The maximum grade proposed is 1 in 20.\n\n## Map Details\n\nMain Road Bhamo to Talifu in purple.\nScale 1: 1,000,000 or 1 inch to 15.8 miles.\nTracing showing roughly:--\n- Possible railway route in Red.\n- Provisional heights in feet.\n- Frontier.\n\n(80-9/07, 1290) `F.O. 2525 N-2-2` \n## Map \n| Location        | \n| --------------- | \n| Kan-ai          | \n| Mauwyne         | \n| Nungchangkai    | \n| BHAMO           | \n| TENG YUEN       | \n| Nantion         | \n| ERH HAI         | \n| Yangpr          | \n| TALI            | \n| Shumpi R.       | \n| YUNG PING?      | \n| HSIA KUAN       | \n| MENG-HUAY       | \n| LUNG LING       | \n| SHUN NING       | \n| PYÜN CHOU       | \n| 6500′′          | \n| YS              | \n| odfinch         | \n| 5700            | \n| tha tang        | \n| 3200            | \n| bug             | \n| best            | \n| pychachang      | \n| Han tien pu     | \n| Shari. Chak     | \n| UNG CHANG       | \n| 5500            | \n| 4500            | \n| DGAR            | \n| O               | \n| 531             |",
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    {
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## 2\n\nactually within the area selected by the Syndicate when they applied for the mining permit in 1905.\n\nThe map which I have the honour to inclose marks this area by a white line, and shows the newly opened Chinese mines by means of red and white dots. As regards the Lu Kuang Kung Ssu, it is a matter of common knowledge that this Company was formed with official sanction as the successor of the bankrupt Tung Chi Company, and that it has purchased machinery and engaged foreign engineers with a view to starting mines near Ping-tan and so forcing the Peking Syndicate to withdraw.\n\nWhile the Lu Kuang Kung Ssu is thus trying to force the Peking Syndicate out of Pingtingchou, its parent Company, the Pao Chin Mining Company is actively pursuing the same policy in Yu Hsien, Lu An, and Tsê Chou. From the extract from the \"Shansi Gazette\" of the 23rd April, of which a copy is inclosed, your Highness will observe that the Governor is openly assisting this Company with large sums of money from the public funds to buy machinery in order to keep foreign enterprise out of the province.\n\nI need hardly point out to your Highness' Board the gravity of these acts, which are in direct infraction of the Syndicate's Agreement. Whether the Governor is acting on his own responsibility, or with the sanction of the Central Government, is immaterial. It is against the latter that the Syndicate, with the approval of His Majesty's Government, has preferred its claim for compensation, and I have now the honour to remind your Highness once more that each day's delay in issuing the permit to mine at Pingtingchou increases this charge.\n\nI avail, &c.  \n(Signed)  \nJ. N. JORDAN.\n\n## Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\n## 3\n\n## Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Mr. G. Brown,\n\nSir,\n\nPeking, May 30, 1907.  \nI HAVE received your letters of the 16th and 18th May respecting the two further notes from the Chinese Government on the subject of your Syndicate's mining interests in Shansi, and communicating to me Dr. Gatrell's report of his interview with Ting Ta-jên on the 11th May.\n\nI regret, in the interests of the Syndicate, that you have not seen your way to offer some more definite observations on Prince Ching's notes, as I do not consider that the authorization of His Majesty's Government to present the claim for compensation absolves the Syndicate from assisting me to find a solution to the difficulties with which this question is beset.\n\nAs I informed you by telegraph on the 16th May, the Ministers of the Wai-wu Pu consider that your best course would be to proceed to Taiyuan-fu and enter into direct relations with the Provincial Bureau of Trade.\n\nFrom the language of Ting Ta-jên in his interview with Dr. Gatrell it is clear that the inspiration of this view came from the Provincial Judge, who taxed the Syndicate with having ignored the Bureau of Trade, and recommended that you should place yourself in communication with Mr. Liu of that Bureau.\n\nI am inclined to think that the solution of your difficulties would be better served by active and direct personal negotiations on your part than by the transmission to me of reports from members of your staff, and I trust that your forthcoming interview with Ting Ta-jên may serve to indicate some course whereby the local opposition to the Syndicate's enterprise may be overcome. In the meantime, I am deferring my reply to Prince Ch'ing's last communications.\n\nI am, &c.  \n(Signed)  \nJ. N. JORDAN.\n\n(Translation.)  \nSir,\n\nPrince Ching to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nKuang Hsü, 33rd year, 4th moon, 9th day (May 20, 1907).\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Excellency's note of the 9th instant, in which you state that the Lu Kuang Kung Ssu had recently opened mines within the area selected by the Peking Syndicate when they applied for a mining permit, and also that its parent Company, the Pao Chin Mining Company, is actively pursuing the same policy in Yu Hsien, Lu An, and Tsê Chou, while the Governor of Shansi is assisting the Company with large sums of money from the public funds for buying machinery, all of which are in direct infraction of the Syndicate's Agreement, the Syndicate having thus no other remedy but to present a claim for compensation to the Chinese Government. Your Excellency inclosed a map and a copy of the extract from the \"Shansi Gazette.\"\n\nThe Board has carefully considered the Pao Chin Company's original petition, from which it appears that that Company has taken over from the Tung Chi Company, and that, although it calls itself the Pao Chin Mining Company, it still continues to be in fact the old T'ung Chi Company, and not a new Company as distinct from the old. The Petition further states that the land cess deposited in the Provincial Treasury was a fund raised for provincial railway and mining enterprises, and the further subsidy asked for by the Company was to be defrayed from this fund, which was a public subscription for railway and mining purposes. No other public fund was touched by the Governor to subsidize the Company.\n\nI would draw your Excellency's attention to the fact that the Province of Shansi has not yet issued a mining permit for the area selected by the Syndicate, and that the localities where mines have been opened by the provincial Company are all private property with which the Syndicate have no concern. There is no forcing the Syndicate to withdraw.\n\nAs regards your Excellency's statement that the Syndicate's claim is increasing daily, the Board has already on numerous occasions distinctly declared their inability to recognize the justice of this claim, and it is therefore useless to reiterate it.\n\nI avail, &c.  \n(Signed)  \nPrince CHING.\n\n## Inclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nMr. G. Brown to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nPeking Syndicate (Limited), Tien-tsin,  \nYour Excellency,  \nMay 25, 1907.  \nIN reply to your Excellency's letter of the 20th instant, I have the honour to express my complete agreement with your Excellency's contention that it is the duty of the Syndicate to assist by all means in its power towards a solution of the difficulties that have arisen in ever-increasing number and gravity connected with the desire of the Syndicate to carry out its various Agreements with the Chinese Government, of which the first in point of time and importance is the Agreement for Working Coal, Iron, and Petroleum in Shansi, with contingent Railway Construction privileges, dated the 21st May, 1898.\n\nThese difficulties, I would beg leave to remark, have in no case been created by the Syndicate, which has throughout been anxious to observe to the full all the responsibilities that it has undertaken. Obstacles have, however, been constantly placed in the way by the Chinese authorities, who have shown no other disposition than to evade their obligations. Instances abound in the archives of His Britannic Majesty's Legation and of the Wai-wu Pu, and recapitulation is needless.\n\nThe 17th Article of the Shansi Agreement expressly debarred the Syndicate from constructing the railway, which alone would enable the Northern Shansi mines to be worked successfully. The Syndicate did not embarrass the Chinese Government by calling upon it to enforce the contract for the Chengting-Taiyuan line which had been intrusted to others. The Syndicate patiently waited. So soon as this railway began to approach the Pingtingchou Coalfield the Syndicate, in strict accordance with its Agreement, applied to the Governor for a permit. This has never been granted. His Excellency Tong Shao-yi, Vice-President of the Wai-wu Pu, specially charged with the settlement of this case, on the 9th August, 1906, at one of our many meetings in explicit terms promised that the permit should be issued at once. This promise was, I believe, repeated to your Excellency within a short period of time. That promise has not been \n\n## 705",
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        "content_text": "## 18. The guards on the above-mentioned launches shall always be in uniform and shall always carry their revolvers. They must always be prepared for emergencies. They must on no account congregate for the purpose of gambling or drinking, nor must they smoke opium. They must keep a particularly strict look-out at the time of the departure of the launches. Any breach of duty will be punished by dismissal and suitable penalties.\n\n14. The police on the above-mentioned launches will be provided with certificates in English and Chinese with the official seal attached to prevent any other person impersonating them.\n\n15. In addition to the police on the above-mentioned descriptions of launches, there are also police at all the larger ports of call whose duty it will be to examine intending passengers for concealed fire-arms. Any culprits found by the launch police in the illegal possession of fire-arms will be handed over by them to the land police to be brought before the local authorities for trial. If there is an alarm of pirates, a call will bring immediate assistance from the land police.\n\n16. If any member of the launch police is found to be incapable of carrying out his duties, he shall, in the case of single passenger launches, be reported by the captain; and, in the case of launches with tows, by the master of the tow to the launch police authorities, so that an efficient man may be found to replace him. Any of the police found in the possession of stolen goods, such as clothing, money, &c., shall, on satisfactory evidence that they are robbing passengers of their property, be court-martialled and executed on the spot.\n\n17. Any of the launch police having affairs of importance to attend to must first apply for leave to his head authority, and must not leave the launch before a substitute has taken his place.\n\n18. In addition to the supervisors appointed by the launch police authorities to control the system, there are also the officials of the Admiral, whose duty it will be to make secret inspections to ascertain whether the Regulations are being observed and whether the members of the force are efficient. They will make recommendations from time to time in order to prevent the system becoming ineffective in the lapse of time.\n\n19. All the above-mentioned descriptions of launches must only allow passengers to embark and disembark at the appointed places, namely:\n\n(1) Places on the waterways of the East River: \n| Place |\n| --- |\n| Whampoa |\n| Mi Chang |\n| Ma Chung |\n| Sui Tang |\n| Kwai Hai |\n| Shi Lung |\n| Lu Lan |\n| Teh Kang |\n| Sui Tsun |\n| Po Lo |\n| Whei Chow |\n| Han Kai |\n| Tao Kao |\n| Tung Kwan City |\n| Tai Pin |\n\n(2) Places in the district south of Canton City, and on the waterways of the West River:\n| Place |\n| --- |\n| Shih Pi |\n| Le Chu |\n| Po On Chung |\n| Hao Kao |\n| Yung Chi |\n| Kwei Chow |\n| Ma Kang |\n| Tung Ma Nin |\n| Si Ma Nin |\n| Chun An Hsu |\n| Kan Chu |\n| Chin Kiang |\n| Ho Tsin |\n| Ku Lao |\n| Tai Pin Hsu |\n| Fu Man |\n| Sze Hsien Kan |\n| Ma Kou |\n| Ho Kou (i.e., Samshui Beach) |\n| Tsin Chi |\n| Yung An |\n| Kwang Li |\n| Kou Li |\n| Pei Tu |\n| Shao Chin |\n| Lu Pu |\n| Yuch Chen |\n| Ho Ting Kou |\n| Liu Tu |\n| Te Ching |\n| Tu Cheng |\n| Fung Chuan |\n| Wuchow |\n| Lung Kiang |\n| Shui Teng |\n| Kuan Shan |\n| Huang Lien |\n| Lo Lou |\n| Li Hai |\n| San Hiang Miao |\n| Chou Chun |\n| Chao Lien |\n| Pei Kai Kou |\n| Chiang Men |\n| Tan Shui Kou |\n| Shuang Shui Kou |\n| Hsin Chang |\n| Ti Kai |\n| Hsiao Lan |\n| Kang Kon |\n| Shih Chi |\n\n(3) Places on the North River route:\n| Place |\n| --- |\n| Fu Shan |\n| Shih Mun |\n| Ts'u Tung |\n| Hsiao Tang |\n| Hsi Nan |\n| Samshui |\n| Lu Pao |\n| Shih Ko |\n| Tsin Yuen |\n\n(4) Places in the district north of Canton City, Tsung Hua, and Hua Hsien:\n| Place |\n| --- |\n| Shih Men |\n| Kwan Yao |\n| San Kiang Kou |\n| Nan Kiang Kou |\n| Wu Ho Hsu |\n| Tan Pu |\n| Chih Ni |\n| Pei Ni |\n\n20. Any of the above-mentioned descriptions of launches which act in contravention of these Regulations, either by taking passengers on board at unauthorized places en route or by omitting to carry out the search for concealed arms, will be subject to such penalties as the nature of the offence may require. If the launch concerned is foreign-owned, and the offender is a Chinese employed on board, the local authorities are to communicate with the nearest Commissioner of Customs, and the Commissioner, in turn, with the nearest Consul, who may send a deputy to watch the proceedings. If the offender is a foreigner, he is to be dealt with in a manner similar to that prescribed by Treaty when a foreigner is found travelling without a passport. He will be sent to the proper Consul through the Commissioner of Customs at the nearest port.\n\n21. At all places where such a course is practicable, the launches and tows referred to in these Regulations will hire for their regular use sampans and small boats to convey passengers to the launches and tows. The captains and masters of the launches and tows will at once notify the Inspector and police on the launches of every sampan or small boat so engaged by them; the Inspector will, in turn, notify the head of his Department. Where such sampans and small craft are regularly hired, no other boats shall be employed for the aforesaid purpose.\n\n22. These Regulations are provisional, and subject to Ministerial sanction at Peking.\n\n## (No. 26.)\n\nSir,\n\n### Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\n### Sir J. Jordan to Consul-General Mansfield.\n\nPeking, June 4, 1907.\n\nYOUR despatch No. 19 of the 23rd April only reached me on the 24th May, and pressure of other work has prevented an earlier reply.\n\nThe Provisional Regulations for the suppression of piracy, copy of which you inclose, appear likely to increase the difficulty of giving effect to the engagement made by the Chinese Government to organize a preventive service under Customs control.\n\nAs you will be aware, from the copies of my recent despatches to Sir E. Grey, which have been sent to you, I have been holding the Wai-wu Pu to this engagement, and I should be very reluctant to convey the impression that, by accepting these tardy proposals of the Viceroy, we considered them all that is required. That the Chinese authorities intend this measure to take the place of the service of cruisers under Customs control is rendered evident by a message which I received on the 1st June from the Wai-wu Pu, communicating the substance of a telegram from the Viceroy to the Board of Finance, in which his Excellency urges that as he is prepared to take these measures it seems unnecessary for the Customs to spend money on cruisers, but, if they elect to do so, such vessels would of course only serve for the prevention of smuggling and have no powers to suppress piracy.\n\nIn view, however, of your telegram of the 3rd instant, from which it appears that the Rules have not been enforced, I think it would be advisable, considering the interpretation which the Wai-wu Pu evidently place upon them, that you should notify the Viceroy that they could only be accepted as a complement to the scheme to which the Wai-wu Pu have already given their assent.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed) \n**J. N. JORDAN**",
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        "content_text": "## (No. 44. Confidential.)\n\nSir,\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\n**Consul-General Fraser to Sir J. Jordan.**\n\nHankow, May 17, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that a few days ago a Commandant (reserve) Baesens of the Belgian army, called at this office with a request to have four Chinese documents translated into English and also to execute before me an Agreement between the Belgian beneficiary under the three contracts with the Kansub authorities, M. Splingaerd, interpreter to the Belgian Legation at Peking, and himself, as representative of a financial group.\n\nTranslations of the three contracts are inclosed; the fourth M. Splingaerd stipulated should be kept secret.\n\nUnder the Agreement, which is for five years and renewable, M. Baesens is to find the necessary funds, estimated at about 1,000,000 fr. at 4¾ net and 5 per cent, a-year, and to form a Syndicate for this purpose, as well as to insure the due execution of the engagements entered into by M. Splingaerd. In return he is to be sole agent for the present and any future Concessions in Shensi and Kansuh granted to M. Splingaerd, including the boring of oil wells and refining of kerosene proposed by the Viceroy Shêng to that gentleman. M. Splingaerd is out on leave, and will act as Lanchou agent of the Syndicate, of which M. Baesens will be the Director in China.\n\nI inquired of M. Baesens, who gave as his reference the Chartered Bank of India, Australia, and China, why he brought Belgian business to the British Consulate.\n\nHe replied that his Syndicate's capital would mostly come from British capitalists, and that his own country was not powerful enough to give effective support in case of opposition, which, however, he did not anticipate. Moreover, the Belgian authorities would insist on M. Splingaerd giving the agency to the Banque Sino-Belge instead of to his Syndicate. He was proceeding to Peking shortly and would personally explain to you the position, but meanwhile he wished to ratify his Agreement with M. Splingaerd, and to obtain certified translations which could be shown to financiers in London. He had been adviser to Yuan Shih-k'ai for two years until Russian influence caused his recall to Belgium. After retiring from the army he came back to China, where Jung-Lu had promised him a post as adviser, only to find the Boxer trouble in full violence, and so he had turned his attention to mercantile business.\n\nMr. Combe translated the Chinese documents, of which M. Splingaerd keeps possession, and, after revision, I certified the correctness of his versions. I also witnessed the signatures to the Agreement of the two parties, who deposited one copy here.\n\nIn the \"Han Pao\" of yesterday I saw the inclosed garbled account of the grant of these Concessions and showed it to MM. Splingaerd and Baesens, who were aware of the students' opposition and did not fear any result from it.\n\nMy Japanese colleague called to-day inquiring about M. Baesens who was, he suspected, trying to arrange to supply funds for redemption of the Ching-Han Railway bonds this autumn.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)  \n**E. H. FRASER.**\n\n### Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\n**Agreements made between the High Authorities of the Province of Kansu and M. Splingaerd.**\n\n**(1.)**\n\nTHE Treasurer, the Judge, the Taotai, and the Chief Bureau of Agriculture, Works, Commerce, and Mines of Kansuh have now received instructions from Viceroy Sheng of Shensi and Kansuh permitting them to make an Agreement with M. Splingaerd, the Belgian Secretary of Legation, for the purchase of a set of machinery for gold-washing and for additional purchases of many appliances required for weaving woollen cloth. The matter has been mutually discussed and this preliminary draft Agreement drawn up embodying the following rules, specifying the machinery, its cost, and the method of conducting the schemes:\n\n| Article | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| **Art. 1** | The gold-washing machinery will include a complete set of appliances for blasting, shaft-sinking, extracting the ore, crushing the stone, washing, refining and separating the gold, together with furnaces and boilers; nothing must be wanting. The actual cost of the necessary materials, freight, insurance, and customs dues from Belgium to Lanchou is reckoned at a total of 40,000 Lanchou taels. |\n| **Art. 2** | For the woollen factory, one complete set of up-to-date steam boilers; hot-water and heating boilers; driving engines, one set; wool-sorting machinery, two sets; machines for spinning thread, two sets; for winding thread, three sets; the necessary thread-twisting, wool-cutting, cloth-pressing, and pumping machines, each one set; with such leather belting and other fittings as are required at the works, and in addition packing, insurance, carriage, customs dues, and other expenses from Belgium to Lanchou, will actually cost 80,000 Lanchou taels. M. Splingaerd will make a separate list, for purposes of record, of the various miscellaneous articles required for use in the factory. |\n| **Art. 3** | In regard to the gold-washing machinery, M. Splingaerd guarantees its daily capacity to be 50,000 catties of ore, producing 20 Chinese ounces of gold. The cloth-weaving machinery is of three kinds, according to fineness, and M. Splingaerd guarantees its daily capacity to produce 500 Chinese feet of cloth 7 feet in breadth, also that the cloth may be dyed of any colour. For the cloth-weaving machinery a daily consumption of coal will be allowed at the rate of 2 tons, or in Chinese measure, 3,200 catties. |\n| **Art. 4** | The woollen factory will employ four foreigners-one cloth-weaver, one thread-spinner, one dyer, and one mechanical engineer. The salary of each will be 300 taels monthly. Two foreigners may be used for the gold-washing machinery, a mining engineer and an engineer-artificer, each drawing a salary of 300 taels monthly. All these will be engaged through the medium of M. Splingaerd in accordance with the Regulations which have hitherto governed the engagement of foreigners. But as regards employment of persons, the Director of the Bureau will have the controlling voice in deciding. The nationality of the men engaged is immaterial: the important point is ability to set up the machines, weave cloth, and work the gold. No outsider may interfere. |\n| **Art. 5** | The foreign artisans engaged must not neglect their work; if there is any neglect of work fines by the day will be deducted from their salary, and other more satisfactory workmen will be engaged in order that business may not be neglected. |\n| **Art. 6** | According to the new Regulations, whenever an Agreement is drawn up the Throne should be memorialized, and the Board written to; only after Imperial sanction is obtained can the matter be definitely settled. This Agreement for those two classes of machinery has been mutually discussed, and is signed as a preliminary draft Agreement. His Excellency Viceroy Shêng will be requested to memorialize and write for permission, and when that is obtained this draft Agreement will become an actual guarantee; if sanction is refused, it will be dropped and become waste paper. |\n| **Art. 7** | The full price of the two kinds of machinery is to be 120,000 taels. When the Throne's sanction has been obtained M. Splingaerd will receive 20,000 taels as first instalment. When the machinery is shipped from Belgium he will receive a second instalment of 20,000 taels. Three months after all the machinery has arrived in Kansuh and been set up complete, if the various kinds of cloth, coarse and fine, daily woven are really 500 Chinese feet, and if the daily amount of ore worked is really 50,000 catties, and produces 20 Chinese ounces of gold, M. Splingaerd will then further receive 80,000 taels as third instalment. If, however, the machinery is not fit for the purposes, or is not in accordance with the standard fixed by the Agreement, it will all be returned to M. Splingaerd to take back. The Kausuh Bureau will not pay a cash for it. The two previous instalments paid to M. Splingaerd, amounting to 40,000 taels, must also be refunded, and the Chief Bureau of Agriculture, Works, Commerce, and Mines of Kansuh will drop the business. But if payment of the third instalment has been authorized, there can be no withdrawal whatever. |\n| **Art. 8** | The woollen factory is the property of Kansuh, the gold works are a source of profit to Kansuh, and the machinery is bought on account of the public of Kansuh. M. Splingaerd acts merely as middleman to buy these two kinds of machinery, having knowledge of cloth-weaving and gold-washing. With all other matters he has no concern. The question of staff is to be dealt with from time to time by the Director of the Chief Bureau of Agriculture, Works, Commerce, and Mines of Kansuh. |",
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        "content_text": "## Inclosure 1 in No. 1\n\ninterest in the question and gave evidence of a lively desire to further the negotiations. His Excellency was, however, dominated by his fear of the literati of the three provinces, who, if the wishes of the more reasonable and representative among them were not taken into account, would cause the people under their influence to obstruct land purchase and construction work. The Government of China was at this moment not in a position to withstand this pressure. It was therefore necessary to steer a middle course between the foreign claims based on the Preliminary Agreement and the demands of the gentry. Only thus could anything beneficial accrue from the undertaking. His Excellency promised to bring all his influence to bear on the literati if Mr. Cordes would lend his assistance in that sense. Towards the end of the interview, during which Mr. Cordes confined himself to an explanation of the draft Agreements, the Viceroy noted down fifteen points which seemed to his Excellency to embody the essentials of a satisfactory solution. A copy of them was supplied to Mr. Cordes for communication to Mr. Liang. These fifteen points were not to be considered as unalterable demands on the part of the Viceroy, but merely contained the expression of his Excellency's view of what was required, according to his knowledge of the conditions as above expressed, to direct the negotiations into the proper channel.\n\nThe points were as follows:-\n\n| Point | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | Loan not to exceed 5,000,000%. (China only took up 5,000,000l. for the Lu-Han line; the most economical arrangements possible in the circumstances must be made.) |\n| 2 | A single track to be laid first of all. (The Viceroy added verbally that it would be well to buy in advance the land for a double track.) |\n| 3 | The whole line to be completed in three years' time. |\n| 4 | The Yellow River bridge at Lao K'ou (Lokow) to be likewise completed within that period. (Verbally. An effort should at any rate be made--the time limit might be extended.) |\n| 5 | Loan to be at 94. Interest 5 per cent. per annum. |\n| 6 | Interest only payable for first ten years. Amortization to begin from eleventh year. If funds allow the loan can be paid off in full in the eleventh year, or the instalments can be increased. |\n| 7 | If the capital sum should be repaid in the eleventh year, no premium of 2 per cent. to be paid. |\n| 8 | The line shall not be pledged as security for the loan, but certain revenues of the three provinces will be pledged. Yüan Shih-kai will decide which. |\n| 9 | A German engineer will be engaged for the northern section, and a British engineer for the southern. Both will be independently selected and appointed by the high Chinese authorities intrusted with the management of the line. These engineers will be under the control and orders of the Chinese Directors. |\n| 10 | The British and German engineers have only to concern themselves with the work of construction and may not interfere in other matters. |\n| 11 | It has hitherto been stipulated that the Syndicate (and) the engineers shall receive 20 per cent. of the working profits. This must be renounced in order to prevent delay in amortization. Mr. Liang will discuss means to concede an extra bonus in commutation. |\n| 12 | The arrangements regarding the amount of commission accruing to the banks on purchase of material, or in the event of a different solution of this question (by commutation) shall be made by Mr. Liang. (The Viceroy explained that a sum as commutation might be computed on the lines of the 35,000l. allowed by the Canton-Kowloon Agreement.) |\n| 13 | Work must be simultaneously begun on the northern section from Tien-tsin and on the southern section from Pukow, as well as on the central section north and south from Chinan. (This means no delay.) |\n| 14 | Germany shall construct no competing line in Shantung. |\n| 15 | If, when the construction nears completion, the amount of the loan does not suffice, the Deutsch-Asiatische Bank and Hong Kong and Shanghae Banking Corporation can negotiate a supplementary loan.\n\nJuly 2, 1907.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nPage 3\n\n## Inclosure 2 in No. 1\n\nNotes on Mr. Cordes' Interview with Mr. Liang, July 12, 1907.\n\nCHANG CHIH-TUNG'S fifteen points were discussed with Liang. Mr. Cordes declared that the finding of a good security was the most important point, and urged Liang to ask the Viceroy Yüan, in whose hands the decision lay, at Chang Chih-tung's own suggestion, what provincial revenues he had in mind, and whether the salt revenues of the three provinces could be earmarked; or, failing that, the li-kin of Chihli, Shangtung, and Kiangsu. This did not commend itself to Liang. He was doubtful how the Viceroy would take such a question, even if asked verbally. Liang personally would prefer the Maritime Customs revenue to be pledged. He did not care to deal with the provincial Governments, which were entirely in the hands of the unreasonable gentry. He had that day received a most unreasonable telegram from the Shantung Governor regarding the Shantung portion of the security for the railway loan. The obligations arising from the Preliminary Agreement were Chinese Imperial ones, and the provinces should have no more to do with the unravelling of the affair than was absolutely necessary. Liang then wrote to Sir Robert Bredon asking the amounts of customs receipts in recent years and the total sum hypothecated for foreign loans. Later, Sir Robert Bredon called on Mr. Cordes in the bank and stated that he estimated about 15,000,000 taels were not hypothecated to the service of foreign loans. But according to the Protocol of 1901 the indemnity of 450,000,000 taels was secured on the customs.\n\n[Protocol to that effect quoted.]\n\nPeking, July 12, 1907.\n\n## Inclosure 3 in No. 1\n\n(Signed)\n\nH. CORDES.\n\n## Draft Tien-tsin-Yang-tsze Final Agreement: Chinese Offer\n\n**ARTICLE 1**. The Imperial Government of China authorizes the Syndicate banks to issue a 5 per Cent. Gold Loan for an amount of 5,000,000l. and called \"the Imperial Chinese 5 per Cent. Tien-tsin-Yang-tsze Railway Loan.\"\n\n**Art. 2**. The loan is designed to provide the capital for the construction of a Government Railway line from a point connecting the Imperial Railways of North China at or near Tien-tsin through Techon and Tsinanfu to Theien, near the southern frontier of Shantung, hereinafter known as the northern section of the Tien-tsin-Yang-tsze Railway line, and from Ihsien to Pukou (opposite Nanking, on the Yang-tsze-kiang), hereinafter known as the southern section of the Tien-tsin-Yang-tsze Railway line, the total length of these two sections being about 1,085 kilom., equal to about 2,170 Chinese *li* (Roughly 700 miles). The survey line shall be open to revision by the Director-General.\n\n**Art. 3**. The capital so provided will be solely devoted to the construction of the above railway line, and will include the funds required for the purchase of land, rolling-stock, and other equipment and for working the line, together with interest on the loan during the period of construction, which should not exceed three years from the actual beginning of the works, the commencement of the works not to be delayed beyond six months after this Agreement has been signed, within which period the sum of 500,000l. shall be placed at the disposal of the Director-General, in China or Europe as he may direct, as a first instalment on account of the proceeds of the loan. This amount of 500,000l., together with interest thereon not exceeding a charge of 6 per cent. per annum, shall be deducted from the proceeds of the first sale of the bonds.\n\n**Art. 4**. The rate of interest for the loan shall be 5 per cent. per annum on the nominal principal, and shall be paid for account of the Imperial Chinese Government during the time of the construction out of the proceeds of the loan and afterwards out of...",
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        "content_text": "## Inclosure 2 in No. 1, July 11-21, 1907\n\n### LIST of Chinese Troops on or near the Peking-Shanhaikuan Railway Line\n\n| Date of Arrival | Place | Number of Men | Detail |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|  | Pei-tai-ho | 5 | Of the 2nd cavalry regiment of the 2nd Division of the Lu Chun, detached from Fu-ning Hsien. Armed with Mauser carbines |\n| November 1906 | Tang-ho | 100 | Of the 2nd cavalry ying of the Hua Chun, under Captain Ting, at Hai-yang, 2 miles north of Tang-ho. Armed with Mauser carbines |\n| November 1906 | Shanhaikuan | 20 | Of the 3rd ying of the Huni Chun, under Colonel Wang. Armed with Mausers |\n| 30 June 1907 | Lu-t'ai | 30 | Of the 5th infantry ying of the Huai Chun, under Second Lieutenant Tuan. Armed with Mausers |\n|  | Total | 100 |  |\n|  |  | 1,035 |  |\n\nThe above Huai Chun troops are all of the Le-tzu brigade of the Huai Chun, except those at Ta-ku, who are of the I-tzu brigade. The Le-tzu brigade is commanded by Brigadier-General Lei, who lives at Chang-li, the I-tzu brigade by Brigadier-General Fan, who lives at Hsin-ch'eng, 12 miles east of Tien-tsin.\n\nThe Huai Chun are badly trained and badly disciplined, but they are soldiers, not policemen. A police force, quite separate from the Huai Chun, also armed with rifles, which they carry at night, exists at all the railway stations and at all the principal towns along the line.\n\nIt will be noticed that, of the total of 1,035 men on or near the line, 350 were new arrivals in June 1907. These 350 men have been taken from the 5th infantry ying at Han-liu-shu, near Tien-tsin, and from the 6th infantry ying at Kou-pang-tzu, in Manchuria.\n\nThe only troops of the Lu-chun are the five men at Pei-tai-ho.\n\n(Signed) H. K. DAVIES, Major, General Staff, North China Command\n\n### Inclosure 3 in No. 1\n\n| Date of Arrival | Place | Number of Men | Detail |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| June 1907 | Yang-ts'un | 100 | Of the 6th infantry ying of the Huai Chun, under Captain Wu. Armed with Mannlichers |\n| 1904 | Ta-ku | 200 | Of the 3rd infantry ying of the I-tzu Huai Chun, under Captain Tsao, in Hai Ta-ku (Western Ta-ku) |\n| 1904 | Ta-ku | 200 | Of the 4th infantry ying of the I-tzu Huai Chun, under Captain Hsia, in Tung Ta-ku (Eastern Ta-ku) |\n| June 1907 | Tang-fang | 45 | Of the 5th infantry ying of the Huai Chun, under Lieutenant Chang. Armed with Mannlichers |\n| June 1907 | Wang-lien-chuang | 77 | Of the 6th infantry ying of the Huai Chun, under Lieutenant Fan. Armed with Mannlichers |\n|  | Tang-fang | 30 | Of the 6th infantry ying of the Huai Chun, ander Lieutenant Fan, at Wang-lien-chuang, 2 miles south-east of Tang-fang. Armed with Mannlichers |\n|  | T'ang-shan | 25 |  |\n|  | K'ai-ping | 10 | Of the 3rd infantry ying of the Huai Chun. Armed with Mausers |\n|  | Ku-yeh | 40 | Of the 5th infantry ying of the Huai Chun, under Lieutenant Yang. Armed with Mannlichers |\n|  | Lan-chou | 40 | Of the 5th infantry ying of the Huai Chun, under Lieutenant Wang. Armed with Mannlichers |\n|  | Chang-li | 80 | Of the 1st infantry ying of the Huai Chun, under Brigadier-General Lei, who lives here, and commands the whole of the Le-tzu Huai Chun. Armed with Mausers |\n| 1906 | Chang-li | 40 | Of the 2nd infantry ying of the Huai Chun. Armed with Mausers |\n|  | Liu-shou-ying | 10 | Of the 5th infantry ying of the Huai Chun, under Lieutenant Tang, in Chang-chuang, 1 mile north-west of Liu-shou-ying. Armed with Mausers |\n|  | An-shan.. | 30 |  |\n\n### Clause 6 of Report by the Commanders of the Allied Forces, dated April 12, 1902\n\n**LES GARNISONS CHINOISES** qui sont actuellement à moins de 30 kilomètres de la voie ferrée de Pékin-Tong-kou-Chan-hai-kouan ne devront être augmentées en aucune circonstance. Le Gouvernement Chinois en fera connaître les emplacements et les effectifs à la date du 1o Avril.\n\nCertified true copy:  \nH. K. DAVIES, Major, General Staff, North China Command\n\n## Sir J. Jordan to General Waters\n\nPeking, August 17, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch of the 13th instant, in which you quote a clause from the terms laid down in 1902 by the Allied Commanders in connection with the handing over of the native city of Tien-tsin, to the effect that the Chinese garrisons within less than 18 miles of the Peking-Shanhaikuan Railway were under no circumstances to be increased, and state that it has recently come to your knowledge that small bodies of Chinese troops have been stationed since 1904 at thirteen different points close to the railway, the total number now being 1,035, 350 of whom had arrived since June last.\n\nYou add that there is no record in your office to show that the terms formulated by the Commanders were communicated to or accepted by the Chinese Government.\n\nIn reply, I have the honour to inform you that, so far as I can ascertain, the",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "page_number": 397,
        "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "# 5 The Situation in Szechuan\n\nThe recent outbreak in the K'ai Hsien and Wan Hsien districts, where popular discontent with the new opium taxes was fanned into open rebellion by the agents of secret societies, should be a warning to the Provincial Government of what may happen this summer in other parts of the province.\n\nThe gradual increase of direct and indirect taxation during the last few years, firstly for educational and latterly for railway purposes, culminating in the imposition in many places of prohibitive taxes on native opium and the threatened closing of opium divans and shops throughout the province, has roused feelings of resentment and suspicion among the people. Being in this frame of mind, the ubiquitous agents of the Red Lantern (\"Hung Teng Chiao\") and other secret societies find it an easy task to persuade the lower classes, especially the country people, that the foreigner and his religion are responsible for these schemes for education, railways, and the suppression of the opium habit, schemes which manifestly tend to transfer the hard-won earnings of the poor into the pockets of the officials. It is not, therefore, surprising that at K'ai Hsien the rioters made their rallying cry \"Down with foreign schools and gospel halls!\" and it is certain that wherever popular risings against the enforcement of the new Opium Regulations take place schools and mission stations will be the first to suffer. The agitators who lead these insurrectionary movements know by experience that the destruction of foreign property or the houses of native Christians is the surest means of embarrassing the officials and securing compliance with their demands. The Szechuanese, at ordinary times well disposed towards foreigners and foreign missions, blindly follow their lead and attack missionaries and converts, with whom they may have been living for years on friendly terms. The political outlook at the close of the quarter is not promising. Much will depend on the amount of pressure the Acting Viceroy is able to bring to bear on the local officials.\n\n## 5. Ningpo\n\nHis Majesty's Consul reports that on the 21st June a secret telegram was received by the Taotai from the Governor stating, on information supplied by the Viceroy at Nanking, that the revolutionaries in that district had dispatched agents to Shantung and to the neighbourhood of Ningpo to enlist followers with a view to the capture of certain cities, and that they had succeeded in getting together some 8,000 men among the fishermen and tinfoil workers. Strict orders were given for the capture of two leaders. In spite of the importance of keeping these orders from the men whose arrest was wanted, the telegram appeared in one of the Chinese papers a few days after its receipt.\n\nRice Troubles. During the quarter ended the 30th June there were slight risings at two places, in which some rice shops were looted, but the accounts of these which appeared in the foreign press were much exaggerated.\n\n## 6. Peking\n\n**Roman Catholic Church**. On the 14th June an Imperial clansman is stated by a native newspaper to have presented to Na Tung a Petition written in blood, asking that China should herself establish a Roman Catholic Association, should send a representative to the Pope, ask the Pope to appoint a representative to Peking, and also appoint a Chinese as Head of the Church; the object being to avoid foreign interference in cases where converts are concerned. Na sympathized, and sent the Petition to the Wai-wu Pu for their consideration.\n\nOn the 26th June another newspaper published a statement to the effect that, France having abandoned the Protectorate over Roman Catholics in the Far East, the Pope had sent to the Missions in China to make a careful choice of a Chinese to be Archbishop in China.\n\n**Japanese Buddhists in Fukien**. The Viceroy is said to have telegraphed to the Wai-wu Pu in June to the effect that over ten Japanese Buddhists had arrived in Foochow, where they were desirous of building a temple and propagating Buddhism, and that they claimed to be treated on the same footing as Christian missionaries.\n\n**Dalai Lama**. A native paper stated on the 14th June that a man from Hsining said that the Dalai Lama was still there, and would probably not start for Thibet before the end of the autumn.\n\n**Constitutional Reform**. It is evident that the discussion of this question is taking up a great deal of the Court's time, judging from the following extracts from the native newspapers, a few of the many which appear on the subject:\n\n- June 27. \"The question of constitutional government was discussed the other day in the Palace. Most of the high officials present were of opinion that Yuan Shih-kai and Chang Chih-tung should come to Peking to give their advice. Only Prince Ching was against this, holding that all the Viceroys and Governors should be consulted by telegraph, and in the end his opposition was successful.\"\n- June 29. \"After repeated discussion at the Grand Secretariat on the subject of actual preparation for a constitutional form of government, it has been decided to make a beginning with Chihli. A Memorial may be sent up within a month.\"\n- July 9. \"The Reform Edict of the 7th is said to be due to Viceroys Yuan Shih-kai and Tuan Fang, who wished to begin reforms in Chihli and Kiangsu, having got Prince Ching to see the Empress Dowager on the matter. The term of fifteen years was fixed on account of the large number of provincial officials and the difficulty of weeding them out.\"\n- July 18. \"On the 16th, at an audience of the Grand Council, their Majesties directed the Council to call upon the Princes, Dukes, and high military and civil officials to make an immediate study of the means of preparing for constitutional government and to memorialize the Throne.\"\n- August 2. \"A Memorial has been received from Yuan Shih-kai, in which he holds up Corea as an awful example, and which has had a great effect on highly-placed persons at Court. These persons met a few days ago to discuss the formation of a Council of Constitutional Reform and the early establishment of a Constitution. Duke Tse was especially outspoken.\"\n\nJuly 11. Prince Ch'ing has taken the opportunity afforded by the alarm which the assassination of En Ming created to press again upon the attention of their Majesties the advisability of the early adoption of constitutional government, represented that such a course would deprive the anti-dynastic societies of their only device for gaining adherents, which is to make out that the Chinese Government is despotic and tyrannous.\n\n**Assassination of Governor of Anhui and Yang-tsze unrest**\n\n- July 18. \"The Grand Council was in such a panic over the assassination of En Ming that they held a meeting and decided that Hsu should be severely tortured and his entire kindred exterminated, as a warning to future rebels. Prince Su, when he heard of this, stood alone in disapproving, saying that the extermination of a family was not a civilized punishment, and that revolutionaries and anti-Manchus could not be restrained in that way; and he advocated the execution of Hsu without involving his family. But it was not until he had obtained the support of Prince Chun and Hsün Peitzu that Prince Ching and Lu Chung-tang could be persuaded to agree to a more temperate action.\"\n\nOn the 1st of the 6th month (30th June) an anonymous telegram was sent to Chang Chih-tung from Shanghae, enumerating the revolutionaries whom he has killed in the last few years, and saying that in the course of the 6th or 7th month he will be killed with a bomb. The Viceroy was much alarmed, and gave orders for the utmost vigilance to be used in watching for smuggled arms. Quite recently a police raid in Wuchang resulted in the seizure of 2,000 guns and a large quantity of cartridges and powder and the arrest of four men, one of whom said he was the nephew of Sun Wen. He said that the arms had been brought in the day before, but declined to say by what means they were got past the Customs, even when examined with the bamboo. He was then executed within the gate of the Viceroy's yamên.\n\nOn the 3rd August a native paper stated that \"Lien K'uei, Governor of Kansu (so the paper; he is, in fact, Governor of Hsin Chiang, the New Territory), has been stabbed by a certain District Magistrate, and fears are entertained for his life. No official news has been received, but the family of Tuan Fang have had a telegram.\" This proved to be an entirely unfounded rumour.\n\nThe same paper stated, also on the 3rd August, that \"for the last week the Grand Council have been having repeated secret meetings, once in the Imperial presence. One...",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-347 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 172,
        "title": "CO129-347 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "## Original Text Reconstruction\n\nWhen I get a transcript of the function which is being filmed from \nI am in respect of ten that I really want your mind \ncondition. Our \"Long\" (as it is called) Vacation is their trial \nto Miss \n\n### Notification of the 2.5. \n(It is not applicable to the Principal's Vacation.) In Huyan's restricted technical understanding, walls of living senki in support tolinn, whiskupon Hewitt went totally damaged decision, and we assume that this has the equal fall assumption up a cui défaias 6 it, much berate lives of generally for when contract vacation: hit the office line ruled He how a crazy for public affairs which am out of a discussion. He succeeded from lumin in starring of air condition bites sin ti bolond and imply, to hisp things thraight, and that seals totors, the term Kings head bathing, sitors with totech ir alias king se him the secrecidiva and Brbain Crucisions having been made, wi umm \n\nhitelag. They permit to codice d'er aus spécially Alami 19)um mai matm, leapt on au fünt – duis i aid wit but kivist, and he authutham his sin \n\nparticipation is best purity formal one of hirette. Const. intentara in appalling, and Zytes hock of looly I am unaltirety of tutirnijinal opinion - tuis is al \n\nving wisissuing treat but C-F. Human outline of the fist share - The next stage in the his boyer and as for a short spill the tarother long four, or \n\n169 The result of this is just if that B. J. for Thanûm it û xixucted from his full postimi, so When it comes to lay hômé leût little wist- ewj 3 we full pany, which prep for harsays in care legislatives \n\nSitoli tu Dar með léi dolon : lušti latte is an right of audibusi Mavring that long Vacations, this listainty, as long an huöd are us bamisties is land with this lenower the \"lovis brauch of the pritisn hit untiat. Eu matties than d'Knit think that \n\nprinti milikity to go forend - at least I \n\nkuvi up- \n\n品 \n\nits to by law that before this time. Deccanage in the hat sich mity bills to fit along, dus I knit think it can fore ifinitely, and I korit want tortice primatuerly. \n\nJh kû Gs, woda haki hiato isto laudi alim a 'Autusfium &dwil, äriston all tätit sin \n\nFring \n\n244 \n\nway for a skill City far totes bath. Hürk in a high bytmilki,",
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        "document_key": "CO129-350 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 409,
        "title": "CO129-350 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "## deliberations. After he had sent in over a score of Memorials, he got the whole eighteen-Article Treaty of Ch'ung-hou abrogated.\n\n[Editorial Note—At the time there was not one of the Court who understood the conduct of foreign relations; the study of foreign business by the Peking officers started from this incident.\n\nWhen Chung-hou was going to Russia to negotiate the Treaty, [Chang] had, on behalf of another, presented a request that Ch'ung-hou be ordered to pay a visit first to Tso Tsung-tang in the New Dominion and, investigating the conditions there, devise a suitable scheme so as to avoid blundering from ignorance. The Court's refusal of the suggestion led to the danger of Ch'ung-hou's unauthorized eighteen Articles.]\n\n## 15. When in Shansi he obtained the removal of the embargo on the export of Tsê chou, Lu-chiêng, Ping-yang, and Yu-hsien iron-ware because at the time foreign iron swamped the provinces, while native iron under the old law could not leave the country.\n\n22. In Canton he started the idea of relieving the pressure of the French blockade of Formosa by an attack on Tonkin, and of enlisting Black Flag Liu Yung-fu under Government. The scheme being approved, he arranged for an invasion in three columns, and supplied funds and arms to Yüunan, Kuangsi and Generals Liu and Tang, as well as to Formosa, viz., 2,000,000 taels each to the two provinces, and 400,000 taels each to Formosa and the two Generals.\n\n23. The French attacked Tonkin briskly, and on the collapse of its armies Kuangsi was invaded, causing panic in the Two Kuang and the abandonment of Lungchow by the Kuangsi military and civil authorities. He specially requested despatch of General Fêng Tzu-ts'ai and Brigadier Wang-Hsiao-ch'i's armies to succour Kuangsi. These occupied the Kuan-chien defile inside the Chên-nan Pass, and after two days and nights' stubborn fighting succeeded in routing the foe and recovering Langson—a victory greater than ever was known during the several centuries of China's intercourse with the West. The Powers presented congratulations to the Tsung-li Yamên; the French were much afraid, and daily sent urgent telegrams asking for peace, while the French President Jules Ferry was promptly driven from office. [Chang] sent seven telegraphic memorials strongly urging some delay, but in vain. The Yamen and the Northern Superintendency defined boundaries and came to terms with the French.\n\n## 36. At Canton he started licences for prepared opium shops; at Wuchang he started the system of simultaneously collecting raw and prepared drug taxes for the four provinces, Hupei, Yunnan, Kiangsi and Anhui, which provided Hupei's indemnity fund, and saved a heavy yearly charge on the people. The Board of Revenue, on pretext that Hupei's share was too great, took over the control, causing a loss to Hupei of over 1,000,000 a-year, while the Board got a sudden big accession of funds.\n\n37. At Canton he started coining dollars with an annual profit of over 300,000 dollars. This was the beginning of China's silver coinage.\n\n[Note. Earlier Lin Tse-hsu's similar proposal was stopped by evil tongues.]\n\n38. Macao is a thorn in Kuangtung's flesh. After the increase in opium taxation, the Yamen, in hope of getting Macao's support, went out of its way to tempt Macao and changed part of old Treaty. Macao's increasing prosperity led to several requests for extension, which were refused, and the Macao Sub-Prefect stationed at the chief pass from Macao into interior; the boundary was kept strictly, and military guards maintained to stop any encroachment.\n\n39. While he was at Canton the new system of collecting duty and li-kin together on foreign opium started, and Hart wanted to place a lot of revenue cruisers on the coast, all to be under his control, and to be for coast defence also. His object in thus getting the whole control of the coast defence was hard to fathom, but by a vigorous report against the plan it was stopped.\n\n40. While he was at Canton he promptly suppressed cassia stores opened unauthorizedly by foreigners at Lo Ting-chou and rejected the compromise proposed by the Yamên. While he was at Wuchang he succeeded in stopping the forcible appropriation of Chu-shan copper mine by foreigners, in which his predecessor had acquiesced. There have been abundance of other similar instances of his vigorous maintenance of rights in all sorts of industrial and trade matters.\n\n43. When he was at Canton, as men-of-war were urgently needed, and the Board funds very short, he devised great yearly payments out of his 40 per cent of the military camp gambling fees and the salt fees, and built there six ships. In Fokien he also ordered ten ships, but when three had been delivered his successor stopped the order without recovering the money from Fokien.\n\n44. When he was at Canton he mooted the building of the Lu-han Railway and in 1885 of the Canton-Hankow line, the present traces of which are in accordance with his original memorials. He also mooted the Nanking-Shanghae Railway, and when he was at Nanking in 1893, perceiving that the completion of the Russian-Siberian Railway was a grave menace to Manchuria, he advised a line from Mukden to the frontier. The proposal was in detail and all ready for carrying out, but the Government, in its blindness, put it aside, and so came the calamity of Russian designs on the East.\n\n47. At present foreign cotton and yarn yearly cost China forty odd millions; so in Hupei he set up spinning and weaving, silk and hemp mills—four in all, taking most interest in the hemp, as this Chinese product, abundant and cheap, a native of provinces both north and south, provided the best means of enriching the people and stopping the drain. Silk and satin so woven were equal to silk products, its cloth the same as cotton cloth. This was the first hemp mill in China.\n\n49. As the purchase of Chinese hides to return from abroad in the shape of leather caused an incalculable drain, he set up a tannery which is now finished and producing.\n\n50. This article claims for him the arming with breech-loading cannon and remodelling of Kiangyin and Chinkiang forts, and says his project to fortify Woosung and Tsungming strongly was stopped by a certain President of the Board of Revenue. (Qy. Weng Trung-ho.)\n\n55. Claims that he supported a proposal to continue the roads to south of Shanghae, and established police so as, by cutting off foreign intrusion into Chinese bounds, to safeguard rights of administration and gain. The cost was to be repaid in a term of years out of the expenses of missions abroad. The Yamen agreed. Besides, in view of the constant extension by the Powers of Settlement roads, which implied policing and virtual absorption of the ground so covered, he asked leave to start a road at the terminus of each Settlement road to block their advance. The Yamên, in its blindness, shelved the suggestion, and so the Shanghae Settlements have gone on growing.\n\n57. In 1898 the English member of Parliament, ex-Admiral Beresford, came from Peking, the Yamên having got leave to bid him train for Hupei 2,000 Chinese and 1,000 Manchu troops. He pressed and fussed for many days on the strength of having a Rescript, but Chang steadily and firmly refused, and ignored a Yamên telegram which came to support Beresford.\n\n59. When Kang-yi was in power in 1898-9 he called on the Empire to carry out militia training, but Chang vigorously denounced its evil to the Throne, prophesying that if this proposal were carried out every mission in China would be wrecked and there would be great disorder. He persistently refused to comply, and the following year saw the Boxer trouble in Chihli and Shantung.\n\n60. At the start in 1900, when the Boxer trouble had passed only from Lai-shui to Ting-hsiang district (in Chihli), on the 1st June he telegraphed the Yamen to put them down firmly, and thereafter in that month he kept telegraphing to the Throne against the heretics and rebels, urging protection of the Legations, the suppression of all robbers, and the retention of the missions abroad. He also telegraphed alone to the various Foreign Offices and the foreign Admirals in China to join in a covenant to protect the south and east, not to attack the capital, not to frighten away the Court. Besides, he leagued together a dozen Viceroys and Governors to telegraph to the various Foreign Offices, and, in conjunction with Viceroy Liu concerted with the Shanghae Consuls an Agreement not to attack the Yang-tsze. When their Majesties took their westward tour, he insisted on the Powers holding back and not attacking Siangyang and Fanchiêng, thus keeping open a route for supplies from the south-east.\n\n61. In the middle of August 1900, when Peking was in extreme peril, he heard of their Majesties' purpose to go west. Li Hung-chang combined the high provincial authorities to do their best to prevent the move, and, without consulting, had telegraphed Shantung. [Chang] sent in the Memorial. Then only he telegraphed what he had done. Thereupon Chang sent an urgent telegram to Yuan Shih-k'ai pointing out how wrong the proposal was and how utterly impracticable. Hupei absolutely declined to join, and if the Memorial had gone, must present its views separately. Thereon Hupei was removed from the list. Luckily the proposal reached Peking when the district was in confusion, and did not get through till their Majesties had started; otherwise there is no saying what might have happened. Li also sent a combined request to their Majesties to stay in Shansi and not to go to Shensi; this request also Chang opposed.\n\n## Page 407",
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        "content_text": "63. The Russians took advantage of Hei-lung Chiang being the first place pacified after the Boxer trouble to encroach on Manchuria. The Tartar General Tseng-chi sent Chou-mien, whom the Russians forced to conclude a new Treaty, practically giving Russia full powers in Kuan-tung. The Plenipotentiary Li had also agreed, but Chang and Liu jointly made a vigorous protest, urging the Court not to ratify. After a score of telegrams and Memorials the Russians set the 25th April (1901) as the latest date for signing, after which they would break off relations. They used every possible threat, but he persisted in vigorous protest, and succeeded in preventing ratification, thus saving the three eastern provinces.\n\n64. In 1909, when peace was about to be made after the western tour, and the Court was discussing their Majesties' return, foreigners started saying that, though all the guilty had been punished, there was still an important matter undealt with. If positions remained unaltered after the return to Peking, the Powers would certainly not stop asking till their demand was granted. Thereon he telegraphed secretly to the Government urging oral representation that advantage should be taken of the Court not having returned to vindicate the State by issuing the order as by their Majesties' own will. This proposal was thereafter settled while the Court was still at K'aifong.\n\n74. The 1901 Allied Forces' Peace Protocol, on the Powers' plea that the deepening of the Huangpu would benefit merchant-ships, and with the assent of the Plenipotentiaries, forced China to send officers to set about it in concert with them. Viceroy Liu put off doing so, and in the spring of 1903 Chang took charge. In the face of repeated Imperial urgings, he protested and vigorously argued and never sent anyone. He also engaged other Powers' Consuls to help and then took the lead in proposing that China should finance and execute the dredging without financial aid or interference by other nations—a policy that won.\n\n75. In the summer of 1902 he shared in negotiating the British Commercial Treaty. Of many rectifications and recoveries, the most important was getting them, whose strong demand was for the abolition of li-kin and native customs dues, to agree to the levy of consumption duty. Another still more important clause agreed to surrender extra-territoriality, a subject none had touched on during fifty years of trade.\n\n76. He points out how he had the Wai-wu Pu's idea of not discussing mining overruled as the only safeguard against illicit partnership in mining between Chinese and foreigners. A law was necessary to afford control and prevent the loss of rights, reform old and limit new mining enterprises. The Throne approved and bade him, with Liu, arrange regulations. Lin's death threw the task on his shoulders alone. From the laws and prohibitions of all nations, he selected what was good, his general idea being to safeguard rights, benefit the people's livelihood, and make taxation light. He compiled them in a volume of seventy-four regulations and seventy-two supplementary rules.\n\n80. In view of the awkward and dangerous position of the Shanghae Arsenal, he advocated its removal to Ping-hsiang, a remote site close to coal. Funds were provided; the annual reserve of the old arsenal of 700,000 and the copper mint's yearly profit of 500,000 would have enabled it to be done in five years, but the Board of Revenue's annexation of the funds stopped the scheme for the time. Still, in a crisis, it will be remembered.\n\n82. When he was in Peking in 1903, giving an account of his stewardship, the Russo-Japanese war was imminent, and the Government bade him go and dissuade Japan from the war. He refused and reported the remark of a western envoy that the war would be a good thing for China. The idea was dropped on his view being laid before the Throne. Again, in the spring of 1904, the Southern Trade Superintendent Wei tried to get the high provincial authorities to combine in moving the Northern Trade Superintendent to memorialize that Japan be dissuaded from war. On his way through Tien-tsin, he was asked about the idea and vigorously opposed it. The same winter, when, despite defeats, Russia would not evacuate Manchuria, the new Southern Trade Superintendent suggested mediating along with the Northern Trade Superintendent and Hupei, but his strong disapproval prevented action.\n\n83. It records how Arnhold Karberg and Co.'s proposal to farm the sale of opium throughout China, negotiated through Ching-wei Hsing, had taken form after Peking intriguing, but he refused to help, in spite of the offer of heavy bribes. Twice he telegraphed strong protests, and at last, the Grand Secretary Jung-lu understood the danger and rejected the scheme.\n\n84. It mentions Melchers and Co.'s attempt to follow the Japanese example of using the native city frontage at Nankow and the threat to place a hulk under man-of-war protection. The people were afraid lest their ferry-boats be endangered forever. After he went to Peking in the winter of 1903, he sent an officer to negotiate with the German Envoy Mumm and got the project dropped on the condition that the Osaka Shoshen Kaisha should also move to the Japanese Concession within a certain time. The Envoy had notified the Wai-wu Pu that on the 1st January next, he would have a serious matter to tell them, and they were panic-struck until the receipt of this correspondence filled them with joy.\n\nPage 5\n\n85. The Inspector-General Hart started a scheme to increase the land taxation and abolish all trade levies. The Government did not approve but could not stop it, so called for provincial views. He was the only one who strongly refuted it, and got it dropped.\n\n86. The American Jenks' design to control the great matter of China's silver currency could not be refuted by the Court Ministers, and the idea was assented to before Jenks came to Hupei, where, at an interview, Chang silenced him with awkward questions, and then memorialized strongly on his blunders and showed up the danger. The matter was happily successfully blocked.\n\n87. Among the many foreign cases dealt with, whenever there was a question of capital punishment, he tried to save the people's lives, and constantly, in identical mission cases where other provinces executed several, Hupei men went scatheless, and capital penalties agreed to by his predecessors were lightened. From appreciation of his justice, foreigners even do not object.\n\n88. When the Hankow-Canton Railway was sold by the Americans to the Belgian-China Development Company, he was the first to show up the scandal of the Empire. In steadfast isolation, he fought the battle of resumption for ourselves, despite the combined resistance of the two Powers, until the American State Secretary, from respect for his austerity, ended by giving the line back to us.\n\n120. He once told his retainers: \"During my twenty-five years as a Provincial Governor, the only comparatively easy time was the two years in Shansi. For the rest, not a day but I am among thorns and brambles. Speaking generally, what I have done has never been what the Government wanted me to do; what I spent was never money the province surely had; whom I employed never served me with joy and real heartiness.\"",
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        "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "2\n\nMiscellaneous.\n\nNovember 22. Students.----“In consequence of the activity of students in connection with the opposition to railway loans, an Edict has been issued to the effect that students should give their whole attention to their studies and leave politics alone, and commanding the Board of Education to issue the necessary instructions.\"\n\nNovember 27. Footbinding.\"The Empress Dowager is said to intend issuing a prohibitory Edict against footbinding, making it not only an offence punishable as disregard of an Imperial Edict, but also excluding girls, whose feet begin to be bound after the publication of the Edict, from the respectable classes who are eligible for honours.\"\n\nWest River: Suppression of Piracy.\n\nNovember 19.-\"Much indignation is felt in Kuangtung against the Wai-wu Pu for allowing the British to arrest pirates on the West River. Meetings are to be held to consider the matter.\"\n\nNovember 24.-\"An Association for the recovery of national rights which has been formed among the students of Canton has telegraphed to the Wai-wu Pu strongly urging the necessity of recalling the permission to capture pirates on the West River.\"\n\nNovember 26.—“The Cantonese residents in Shanghae have telegraphed to the Wai-wu Pu asking them to oppose permission being granted to foreigners to arrest pirates on the West River. The merchants at Canton are much irritated over the West River question, and are getting up a violent agitation against it.\"\n\nNovember 27.-\"The people of Canton, regarding the policing of the West River by foreigners as detrimental to sovereign rights, telegraphed to the Army Board asking for ships of war to be sent. The Board, being of opinion that there were not sufficient vessels at disposal, took no notice. The provincials are very indignant, and have sent a further telegram offering to pay the expenses of the ships. Ten representatives of the gentry have also telegraphed in very strong terms to the Grand Council.\"\n\nNovember 28.-The Wai-wu Pu have telegraphed to the Viceroy at Canton, on the subject of West River piracy, that the intention of the Government was that the Commissioner of Customs should provide additional steamers to co-operate with the police in arresting pirates, and that there was no other intention. The Board adds that inquiry should be made into the agitation which has been caused by the misrepresentation of their former telegram. The gentry of Canton, however, are resolved to continue their opposition, since they regard it as bad policy to grant the Commissioner of Customs a share of military power.'\n\nSoochow-Ningpo Railway.\n\nDecember 4.-\"The Chekiang Railway Delegate has had an audience lasting three hours. The Empress Dowager explained the railway situation to him in detail. She said that the irresponsible talkers did not know the difficulties encountered by the officials, deprecated the excitement got up among the people of the south-east, and pointed out the terrible consequences of a breach in amicable foreign relations. Lu replied that, while the people of the south-east were loyal and patriotic, yet it was due to the influence of the high authorities there, and to the growing enlightenment of the people, that there had been no serious outbreak during the long course of the present controversy. If the British brought too much pressure to bear in this difficult situation, a serious outbreak might result. \"He did not know what solution the Wai-wu Pu might have to offer, but he thought the best plan would be to command them to make every effort to negotiate a satisfactory settlement with the British Minister. The Empress Dowager said that the British Minister was immovable, and that, while popular feeling must not be offended, international relations were not to be lightly regarded; and she directed him to go into the question fully with Wang Ta-hsieh, bearing in mind both the popular and international aspects of the question.\n\nNanking.\n\nHis Majesty's Consul reported on the 31st October that the closing of the opium dens throughout the city and suburbs was effected without disturbance on the 8th August. It is generally believed that the order was on the whole enforced strictly,\n\nOrder seems to have been restored at Anking, the scene of the assassination of the\n\n3\n\nGovernor in July, and the 700 troops sent there to assist in preserving order returned to Nanking on the 25th September. Two battalions (about 1,000 men) were dispatched on the 1st October to Kanchow-fu, in the south of Kiangsi, in consequence of the Boxer disturbances there.\n\nEducational. The latest proposed addition to the Government educational institutions in Nanking is a \"school of languages,\" in which German and French are to be taught. The services of Dr. Kratsch, Interpreter of the German Consulate, have been engaged for a few hours a day to supervise the school and teach German. It is proposed to look for a teacher of French, but English is omitted from the curriculum on the ground that there are already many opportunities here for studying English.\n\nRailways. At the beginning of October 20 miles of permanent way out of the 44 miles between Chinkiang and Nanking had been completed, and the opening of railway communication between Shanghae and Nanking is confidently expected in February next.\n\nThe route for the light railway to connect the main line with the city has now been selected, and is being staked out. The railway will enter the city at an old gate which has long been closed, but will be reopened for this purpose in defiance of superstition. The gauge is the same as that of the main railway, and the motive power will be steam. One of the British engineers on the Shanghae-Nanking Railway has been engaged by the Viceroy for the construction, and the plant will come from England.\n\nHankow.\n\nSome of the articles in the Hankow press are of interest :-----\n\nOctober 15. River Gun-boats for the Yang-tsze from Japan.--A newspaper states that \"the late Viceroy Chang placed orders through the Mitsui Bushen Kaisha with the Kawasaki Dockyard Company for ten shallow-draught river gun-boats, the contract price being fixed at 5,000,000 taels. The limit of time for completion of the contract and for payment was fixed at six years, and the transaction got Imperial sanction. Of these ten ships, four have already been handed over last winter and this spring, and the Viceroy has managed to pay the instalments, 3,000,000 taels through the Yokohama Specie Bank to the Nagisaki Bank. The dockyard have twice written for a deputy to be sent to accept ships Nos. 5 and 6, which are now ready, but the Acting Viceroy Li, thinking the matter very serious, and acceptance involving payment, intends to await his Excellency Chao's arrival to make permanent provision.\n\n44\n\nThe Hupei fleet now consists of a dozen ships, which are very burdensome to keep up, even though the Japanese sailors and engineers employed on the four already received have been sent home. The present position is an earnest of what will happen in future, and we think his Excellency Chao on arriving will surely devise steps to meet it.\"\n\nBridge over Yellow River at Lanchou, in Kansu.\" At Ho Chou, in Lanchou-fu, Kansu, a floating bridge of boats bound together with chain cables is at present used for crossing the Yellow River, but the officials have condemned this bridge as not permanent and when the river is full liable to collapse. They have therefore ordered materials for a proper iron bridge from the Hupei ironworks, and have also summoned several skilled workmen to Lanchou to supervise the construction of the new bridge. The materials have already got to Changchan, Honan, and all the officials on the route have been asked to assist in forwarding them.\"\n\nJapanese Employés.\" At the Wuchang hemp factory Japanese experts were employed to assist and instruct. The term of their agreement having now expired, and the Chinese women working in the factory having taken so readily and intelligently to the work, twenty-seven men and forty-five women of the Japanese originally employed have been dismissed and have returned to Japan.\n\n\"The factory have only retained the services of six Japanese men.\"\n\nSzechuan-Hankow Railway.\n\nText of representation by Tu, a Secretary of the Board of Finance, regarding the Szechuan-Hankow Railway, which has been laid by the Censorate before the Throne:-\n\n\"This line was the first to attain native control, but after three years not an inch of the track is fixed and nothing definitely arranged. Of nearly 8,000,000 taels collected the pay and work office expenses have run away with 1,600,000 taels and the Copper-piece Bureau has embezzled over 2,000,000 taels. Such horrifying extravagance and peculations have happily been shown up by the Board of Commerce, and the Court's acumen has\n\n54",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 176,
        "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL\n\n[7885]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[March 7.]\n\nSECTION 2,\n\n173\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey,-(Received March 7.)\n\n(No. 41.) Sir,\n\nPeking, January 22, 1908. WITH reference to my despatch No. 526 of the 12th November, 1907, on the subject of the Tien-tsin-Yang-tsze Railway, and to subsequent telegrams dealing with the question as to whether the agreement for this loan could be signed before the Suchow-Nangpo Railway Agreement, I have the honour to confirm my telegram No. 12 of the 13th January, reporting the signature on that day of the Agreement in question. I also have the honour to inclose a translation of a note from Prince Ch'ing, dated the 20th January, informing me officially of this fact.\n\nA translation is also inclosed of an Imperial Decree, gazetted on the 21st January, by which Lu Hai Huan is appointed Director-General of the line. This official has recently been one of the Comptrollers-General of the Revenue Department (\"Shui-wu-ch'u\"), and was formerly for some years Commissioner of Treaty revision at Shanghae.\n\nThe document as signed does not vary from the initialled text, inclosed in my despatch No. 526, in any material particular, except as regards the name of the railway. This has now been defined as the Tien-tsin-Pu-k'ou Line, P'u-k'ou being the proposed terminus at the Yang-tsze end, and being situated opposite Nanking. Printed copies of the Agreement will be forwarded as soon as they are ready.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\n(Translation.) Sir,\n\nPrince Ching to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nPeking, January 20, 1908. I HAVE the honour to inform your Excellency that on the 13th instant a Memorial on the subject of the conclusion, in a revised form, of the Tien-tsin-P'u-k'ou Railway Loan Agreement was presented to the Throne by the Grand Secretary Chang Chih-tung and others, and the following Imperial Rescript was issued, \"Approved.\" On the same day the English (foreign) and Chinese texts of the Agreement were duly signed and sealed at the offices of this Board.\n\nWhile sending this note for your Excellency's information, I avail, &c.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nExtract from the \"Peking Gazette\" of January 21, 1908.\n\nImperial Decree.\n\nLU HAI HUAN, President (in rank) of a Metropolitan Board, is hereby appointed Director-General of the Tien-tsin-P'u-k'ou Railway. The Viceroys and Governors of Chihli, Shantung, and Kiangsu are also commanded to co-operate with him.\n\n[2880 g-2]",
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    {
        "id": 416092,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 257,
        "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\n# CHINA RAILWAYS.\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n254\n\n[March 7.]\n\n## SECTION 3.\n\n[7877]\n\n(No. 33.) Sir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.(Received March 7.)\n\nPeking, January 22, 1908.\n\nIN continuation of my despatch No. 21 of the 9th instant, regarding the Suchow-Ningpo Railway question, I have the honour to inclose a translation of a letter received from Prince Ch'ing on the 10th instant,* stating that no advantage could be derived from a meeting between us until safe means had been found of settling this difficulty. To this I replied on the 10th instant in the letter, copy of which is also inclosed, that the only way of settling the matter was to sign the Agreement without further delay.\n\nVarious indications showed me that the Wai-wu Pu were feeling genuinely anxious to conclude this case, and that further pressure on my part would be inopportune. I therefore left them alone for a few days, in the hope that their own efforts would bring about a settlement.\n\nDuring this interval telegrams reached me from the Acting British Consul at Hangchow and His Majesty's Consul-General at Shanghae, reporting the outbreak of riots at Chekiang, which resulted in the destruction of the railway station outside Hangchow, a post office, and some Catholic mission buildings. At an interview with the Acting Consul the Governor gave an assurance that every possible precaution was being taken to prevent the disorders spreading.\n\nIndications of trouble were also not wanting at Shanghae.\n\nOn the 11th instant Sir Pelham Warren reported the issue of handbills by a small but reputable native bank advocating a boycott against the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank and Messrs. Jardine, Matheson, and Co., if the loan negotiations were not annulled within a month.\n\nThe press extracts which I have the honour to inclose will show that the Taotai at once took energetic steps to check the movement. The offender was brought before the Mixed Court, and was handed over—with the concurrence of the British Assessor—to the Taotai for trial.\n\nDuring the past week all reports which have reached me from various unofficial sources tend to show that the agitation has greatly subsided. Some excitement was occasioned in Peking on the 14th instant by the news that some 6,000 troops of the \"Lu Chun\" (modern army), under General Chiang Kuei Ti, were to be sent to Chekiang, and inquiries showed that this step had been intended for some time past as a precaution, and was only being accelerated owing to the actual outbreak which had occurred.\n\nFrom private inquiries at the Wai-wu Pu I have also learnt that the Government does not anticipate any difficulty in restoring order at an early date.\n\nIn previous despatches I have frequently alluded to the part played by Sheng Hsuan Huai in supplying a foundation for provincial agitation by his assertion that he cancelled the British and Chinese Corporation's Preliminary Agreement for the Suchow-Ningpo Line. The publication by a Shanghae newspaper of Sheng's recent Memorial upon this point and his admission therein of his failure to cancel the Agreement will doubtless contribute towards convincing the provincials that their leaders have withheld the material facts of the case.\n\nI have the honour to inclose a summarized translation of this document.\n\nThe first intimation from the Wai-wu Pu that negotiations are to be resumed was furnished on the 19th instant, in the form of a letter, in English, from Liang Ta-jên to Mr. Bland, copy of which is inclosed, informing him that the writer had no further concern with the question, but that the Wai-wu Pu had appointed three other negotiators in his place, from whom Mr. Bland would hear when they had fixed a date to meet him.\n\nOf these, Wang Ta-hsieh will be remembered as the original negotiator of last summer; while Hu Wei-tô, ex-Minister to Russia, is at present a Councillor of the Wai-wu Pu; and the third, Kao Erh-ch'ien, is a Secretary in the Board of Communications.\n\n* Not printed.\n\n[2880 g-3]",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 365,
        "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "3\n\n360\n\n2\n\nChekiang Disturbances. We have already reported that the question of the railway loan has given rise to serious unrest and disturbances in Chekiang. We now hear that General Chiang has been directed to proceed to that province with twelve battalions (\"ying\") to restore order, and will start in three or four days. It is not yet known where he will be stationed.\n\nThe following extracts from Chinese newspapers published at Peking on the subject of the anti-railway agitation are interesting:\n\nJanuary 18, 1908.--The twelve divisions under General Chiang will leave in three parties, on the 20th, 23rd, and 26th instant. Some will go by rail to Hankow and the others by sea from Chinwangtao. Special trains and steamships have been requisitioned for their accommodation.\n\nThe Chinese Government have received the first intimation of the disturbances and of the destruction of chapels, &c., from the French Minister. The Wai-wu Pu have reprimanded the Governor of Chekiang for failing to notify them at once of the occurrences.\n\nA telegraphic Decree has been sent to Chekiang ordering the severe punishment of the civil and military officials whose remissness has brought about the present state of disorder in the province.\n\nOn the 9th instant a crowd of several hundred men went to the Yamên of the Tung Hsiang District Magistrate and asked that three-tenths of the winter grain tax should be remitted on account of the scarcity of rice caused by the floods and the high price of the grain. The Magistrate refused their request, and this gave rise to much discontent. Certain bad characters took advantage of this opportunity to break into the Yamên and completely plundered it. The Magistrate fled, and it is not known where he has taken refuge.\n\nIchang.\n\nHis Majesty's Consul, in his Intelligence Report for the half-year ended the 31st December, gives an interesting description of a threatening boycott of British steamers.\n\n\"Nearly all the cargo taken by British steamers from this port is shipped through two native shipping hongs who act as forwarding agents for the Szechuan merchants. Recently the firm shipping through Jardine, Matheson, and Co. had a dispute with a native from whom they rented their business premises as to payment for some repairs done by them. Jardine's agent here applied to me for assistance, and I recommended arbitration, not being able to do anything officially, as the case was a purely native one. The shippers rejected this proposal, and told the plaintiff he had better sue them, which, to their surprise, he did, and they were summoned to the Yamên. They then complained through the agent, because they had not been summoned through me, and sought my assistance, which they had previously refused, and in effect threatened to boycott Jardine's steamers if I declined to help them, as they did for several weeks a couple of years ago, because the Consul had of his motion interfered in a native case in which they were concerned. Thus they now threatened a boycott, because the Consul would not take certain action, whilst on a previous occasion they actually established a boycott because he did not take that action. After much trouble I succeeded in getting all parties to agree to an Arbitrator, and the matter has now been disposed of.\"\n\nWuhu.\n\nRice for Japan. In spite of the formal permission for the export of 200,000 piculs of rice to Japan from the Province of Anhui, no shipments have yet left the port, and the negotiations are for the present at a standstill.\n\nThe Taotai insists that all the rice shall be shipped within three months, and the Japanese Consul, doubtless owing to the present high price of rice, is contending for an extension of the time allowed to six months, and the Chinese merchants want the Japanese to take delivery of the rice in Shanghae, to which port it is to be shipped in river steamers.\n\nIn the meantime, no small quantity of rice is being shipped from Wuhu to Chefoo, whence it is suspected some of it finds its way to Japan by junk via Port Arthur.\n\nAnhui Railway. The Company is at present without a President. The Wuhu people elected the Admiral of the Yang-tsze to that office, while at a meeting at Anching chose another official. Both names were submitted to the Throne for confirmation; but a telegram from Sun Chia Nai to the Railway Company, published in the \"Shen Pao\" of the 24th December, declares both these gentlemen to be ineligible for the post.\n\nThe finances of the Company do not appear to be in a very flourishing condition. A meeting at the capital recently proposed to increase the price of salt by 4 cash a catty, to raise the rate of interest charged by pawn-shops in the northern half of the province from 2 to 2.5 per cent, per month, and to impose a forced contribution of 6 mace per yin (some 20 piculs) of tea from the merchants in the north of the province, the proceeds to be devoted to railway construction. These proposals have not yet, however, been sanctioned by the authorities.\n\nThe gentry are considering the abandonment of the present line and the construction of one instead on the north side of the river. This course is advocated by the Yang-tsze Admiral, who, in a letter to the Railway Company, which was published in the \"Shen Pao\" of the 1st December, advises the construction of a line from Pukow to Chou Chia K'ou, which would connect the main Lu-Han line with a branch line of the Shanghae-Nanking Railway. His Excellency estimates the cost of this line, which would be about 1,000 li in length, at 10,000,000 taels.\n\nIt is, he says, an easy line to build, and could be completed in four or five years, when it would yield a return of over 100 per cent. per annum.\n\nIn the meantime, work is proceeding spasmodically on the section from Wuhu to Wan-ch'ih. One hundred and twenty iron trucks and 3 miles of Decauville track have been purchased from Messrs. Orenstein and Koppel of Berlin, and 700 tons of bridging material from America have arrived in Shanghae, and are due here in a few days.\n\nHis Majesty's Commercial Attaché telegraphed to His Majesty's Consul at Wuhu recently from Shanghae that a British firm had offers for the supply of railway material for the line, but His Majesty's Consul advised caution in accepting contracts on any extensive scale.\n\nTung Kuang Shan Mines. According to the latest reports received from the mines, Mr. Maguire has eighty-one men at work, almost all of whom are engaged in blasting at the mine itself, and there are no signs of hostility on the part of the officials or country people.\n\nDuring the past three months, meetings have been held at Anching and Wuhu to denounce the Lister Kaye Contract, and resolutions have been passed calling on the Government to cancel it; but the agitation, which is apparently confined to students and a few gentry, need not, His Majesty's Consul thinks, be taken seriously, and Mr. Maguire states that the gentry and merchants in the neighbourhood are anxious to see the mines opened.\n\nIn the \"North China Daily News\" of the 23rd December appeared a translation of a very anti-foreign poster on the subject of these mines, which was alleged to have been widely circulated in this province.\n\nChungking.\n\nUpper Yang-tsze Steam Navigation. (See my despatch No. 32 of the 21st January). His Majesty's Vice-Consul has shown to Captain Plant the letter to Messrs. Yarrow and after some discussion has obtained his written assurance that he would do everything in his power to help to carry the scheme through. So far, Captain Plant has only been dealing with Chow Taotai, and has had no transactions whatever with any Company. No definite terms have been offered him by Chow, but Captain Plant writes that no doubt some satisfactory arrangement will be forthcoming before Messrs. Yarrow and Co. reply.\n\nPakhoi.\n\nState of District. His Majesty's Consul reports that it is suggested that arms have been imported into China across the Tonquin border. Early in the quarter ended the 31st December, raids were made within a few miles of Limehow, but now serious fighting in the district seems to have receded towards Kwangsi. On the 1st December, a band of revolutionists seized some of the forts in the Chen Nan Pass, the scene of French difficulties in 1884, and held them for some days.\n\nThe immediate neighbourhood of Pakhoi was troubled by an unusual number of robberies in the same quarter year, many being accompanied with wounding and loss of life, but no anti-foreign feeling appears to exist, though according to the French press, a certain amount of anti-foreign literature is circulating in Tonquin. The Hunanese troops are not always on the best of terms with the local levies whom they attempt to control.\n\n[2895 -6]\n\nB 2",
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        "id": 416233,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "page_number": 398,
        "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "392\n\nj\n\n2\n\nIt would be altogether a mistake to believe that the people of Yunnan are opposed to a British railway from Burmah to this city. There is not the slightest reason to apprehend in this province any such struggle as that which you speak of as provoked in Chekiang. Everything, indeed, points the other way. The handful of pestilent literati here, after two years of agitation, have failed to arouse among the people of Yunnan any sort of enthusiasm for a Chinese railway to Szechuan, still less for one from Tengyuel to Burmah. As I have shown from their own published accounts, scarcely any private individual has been found willing to subscribe. On the contrary, the call to pay some 6 per cent, more for land tax in the form of railway subscription, coming as it does on the top of the suppression of opium, has roused very considerable discontent. I may mention that in this district the Governor-General has, despite the Edict allowing ten years' gradual suppression, and his own Proclamations allowing three years, caused all poppies to be forcibly destroyed. Were the Yunnanese not by nature a peaceable and submissive folk, there would be a strong provincial opposition, not to railway construction by foreigners, but to the proceedings of the present Governor-General and the small reactionary gang of soi-disant Railway Directors.\n\nAs regards our Tengyueh Railway scheme in particular, the Taiping Valley, through which the line would run, is inhabited almost entirely by Shans, while the Chinese traders of Tengyueh town, who constantly visit Bhamo and often Mandalay, would seem to be altogether in favour of its construction. They certainly are not in favour of the Chinese Company, for, as far as I can learn, they have not bought a single share in it.\n\nI have not, however, been advocating at this stage the demand from the Chinese Government of a definite Railway Concession, so much as insistence on their formal recognition of our right to absolutely equal treatment with France in Yünnan. I venture, with the utmost diffidence, to dissent from the view that the enforcement of that right could not now be attained by diplomatic methods. I am convinced that if His Majesty's Government were (let it be said, by communication through the Chinese Minister in London) to firmly insist on such recognition the Chinese Government would certainly yield. Quite apart from the most-favoured-nation clause of the Burmah-China Treaty, and the correspondence of March 1902, the principle that we are entitled to equal treatment with France in Yunnan is so obviously just that China could look in no quarter for support should she deny or oppose it. If, moreover (as I have said in an earlier despatch), the Chinese Government could be led to understand that, the principle once conceded, we should be ready to consider modifications in its practical application, that Government would be still less likely to hold out.\n\nYou do not refer in this despatch to the fact (as reported in my Confidential despatch No. 14 of the 29th November last) that the Throne has instructed Governor-General Hei that it has called for a report from the Cheng-wu Ch'u and the Wai-wu Pu on our claim to construct a railway in Yünnan; nor do you allude to the growing distrust and distaste said to be expressed by the Central Government for so-called “demonstrations in the provinces.” If the former (as I have no doubt) is correct, and the \"popular\" latter story well founded, then it would seem that the Peking Government would not be indisposed to make a compromise with us, preferring to transfer his Excellency Hsi-liang and to snub the literati rather than to run the risk, however remote, of a collision with India.\n\nIn this connection you will have noticed that in the Army Scheme for all China lately presented by the Lu-chün Pu and approved by the Throne it is proposed that within five years the forces in this province (computed in the Memorial to consist of one brigade of drilled infantry and two battalions of artillery) shall be raised to two “chen,” or army divisions. The reason given is that \"Yünnan controls the frontier posts of the south-west, and it is of the utmost importance to collect there a strong military force to co-operate in the scheme of defence.\" If we continue to delay, and do not now firmly require recognition by China of our right to equal treatment with France in Yunnan, then some future Governor-General of his present Excellency's type will, encouraged by what he will believe to be an overwhelming force, commit such actions—as, for example, ostentatious administration west of \"Scott's line\"—as will oblige us at length to maintain our prestige by force of arms.\n\nIn the meantime that prestige is being very seriously affected by the delay of the Indian Government to insist firmly on its right to build the Tengyueh Railway and to extend it, if the Government sees fit, to Tali and Yunnan-fu.\n\nWe have gone just far enough—in our surveys to Tali and our proposals of 1906 for the construction of a railway to Tengyueh—to make our present inaction appear a victory for the impudent \"bluff\" that inserted the words \"and Tengyueh\" in the title of the exclusively Chinese Yunnan-Szechuan Railway Company. We have swallowed this affront, and we are therefore, here in Yunnan, of no account. The result is that this Consulate is no longer consulted, as was the case when Ting Chih-t'ai was contemplating a railway to Szechuan and an international Settlement at Yunnan-fu (see my despatch of the 11th March, 1905), and it is hopeless to expect—for the matter has a commercial side also—that any contracts for the supply of machinery for mints, arsenals, or other public works, or proffers of engagement as instructors or engineers will come our way.\n\nThe \"friendly co-operation of the province,\" of which your despatch speaks, cannot be attained through any efforts on the part of this Consulate as long as the incumbent appears to be left without support from the Indian Government, on whose behalf he has been maintaining, vis-à-vis of the provincial Government, that British railway enterprise in Yunnan is entitled to equal privileges with French. It may be that the Government of India is waiting for the conclusion of the Thibetan Agreement before turning attention to its eastern frontier, but no intimation to that effect has reached me. It is more than two months since I submitted to Simla, by telegram through Maymyo on the 2nd December, the proposals set out in my despatch to you No. 46 of the 18th December. Those proposals, I cannot but believe, are practicable and such as should commend themselves to the Indian Government, yet they have not been even acknowledged, except in so far as the Government of Burmah have informed me of their due transmission.\n\nIf those proposals are favourably received at Simla, and if—for that, I submit, is the key to the problem—His Majesty's Government will formally require from China recognition of our equality with France in Yunnan, then I do not think that the prospect of overtaking our rivals need be regarded as remote. We should, once we began, work faster, and with less friction; and I am confident that our light electric railway would reach Yunnan-fu in ample time to take a full share in what is the real object of the French line, the traffic and trade of Szechuan.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) W. H. WILKINSON.\n\nP.S., February 8.—It is reported here among the Chinese that the French Government has agreed to sell the railway for 25 million taels (say, 85 million francs). This is less than the amount already spent on earthworks, tunnelling, and masonry. My colleague of France, whom I questioned yesterday on the subject, replies that it appears to him altogether unlikely, but that in any case he knows absolutely nothing about the matter.\n\nW. H. W.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 663,
        "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "656\n\n1\n\n6\n\nThere have been two affairs at which we may to some extent take pleasure. American missionaries having occupied a mission site at Hai Tao, in Huchow, and the district officials being unable to recover it, and an appeal to the United States' Minister evoking a still more unfair judgment, which the people of Huchow would not recognize, Chang Ch'un, a military officer, and Liu Teng Ju came forward and took the matter up with the Americans, and their spirit and good cause overbore the Americans and secured the return of the land occupied.\n\nAgain, the Shansi gentry, being unable to make headway against the oppressive action of the Peking Syndicate, sent a delegation in the 8th moon to Peking to negotiate direct with the British. The Wai-wu Pu appointed the former Shansi Judge, Ting Pao Chuan, to back them up, and the victory remained at last, in the 12th moon, with the Shansi men, who redeemed the mining rights of the Peking Syndicate for over 2,000,000 taels. From this one sees the comparative power and capital of the nation and of the Government.\n\nThese two cases are the only ones of the past year which can give satisfaction. The success is due to the efforts of the people. How can it still be said they are incapable?\n\nIn the 6th moon, the prohibition by the American authorities at San Francisco of Chinese children attending schools for white children being extended to Japanese children, serious trouble arose between Japan and America. America proving in the wrong, Japanese children were allowed in the schools on the score of not being of Mongolian race. Later the American Labour Union agitated to drive out the Japanese, and frequently wrecked Japanese shops and stopped their trade. International relations became more and more strained, and the United States' Government dispatched a squadron to the Pacific, and the outcome of the matter is still to be seen. Chinese Government is helpless in face of the expulsion of Chinese children from the schools, and even expressed extreme gratitude to the United States' Government for the return of part of the 1900 indemnity.\n\nIn the 9th moon the agitation about the foreign loan for the Su-Hang-Ning Railway began. The origin was the Tsung-li Yamên's blunder in causelessly yielding to others' claims, and then the Wai-wu Pu procrastinated and shilly-shallied, and not only took no notice of the Decree sanctioning Chekiangese merchants building the railway, but blindly made a Loan Agreement without reference to any one else, and thus caused a violent agitation throughout the south-east.\n\nThe Kiangsu and Chekiang Company insisted on the original scheme, and the Chinese people hurried to help by subscribing capital, and in a very short time 5,000,000 or 6,000,000 taels were forthcoming--an unprecedented occurrence, and one proof of innate patriotism; but the Wai-wu Pu, pressed by the British, was unable to think of any plan for putting things right. Although four representatives from Kiangsu and Chekiang went to Peking to thresh the question there, their idea of putting things right proved to be only hovering about, and so popular excitement ran higher than ever. This matter is not settled in principle up to the present moment, after four or five months' suspense.\n\nThe other cases where foreigners scored were when the Germans were allowed to mine coal at Tsu Ch'uan, in Shantung, and the Russians to mine gold at Ku Lun (Urga), in the Tse-tsin Khanate of Outer Mongolia, at Iliochi. The Mongol Princes of the eastern part of Tushet'u Khanate wired to have the Concession cancelled, but in vain. The French stationing soldiers at Mengtse, the American oil installation at Wuhu, the prevention by the French Minister of the project of the Lienchow gentry to build a railway from Pakhoi to the West River on the score that it would interfere with the French Railway Concession, and the Government humbly giving way to the French, are other cases in point. Again, when the Government wanted to build a railway from Hsinmintung to Fakumen, the Japanese also openly put a stop to the project, saying that if their wishes were not respected they would use force.\n\nSo at present the sphere of lines successfully put under Chinese management is extremely narrow, being solely Kiangsu and Chekiang lines and the Kwantung portion of the Canton-Hankow Railway; and of these the former is objected to by the Wai-wu Pu over the Su-Hang-Ning case, and as to the latter, continual party strife rages.\n\nFrom this it is evident that China is surrounded by foes, whose only anxiety is lest they slacken in their efforts to block her future business. Besides, the passing of mining rights into the hands of foreigners, as the Japanese at Tayeh, the French at Tachiehlu and Kueichou, is hard to enumerate.\n\nKirin-Kalgan Railway.\n\nThe Japanese and Chinese engineers should complete the survey of the line shortly, and will then return to Mukden to prepare an estimate of the cost. The question of raising a loan will then be discussed. It is stated that work will be begun in April, but there are said to be serious differences of opinion between the Chinese and Japanese engineers, each claiming the right of control over the workmen employed on the line.\n\nMotor-car Service in Mongolia.\n\nThe proposal to establish a motor-car service in Mongolia has already been sanctioned. Capital to the amount of 100,000 dollars has now been raised, and two cars of 24 h.p. are to be purchased with a view to establishing a service between Kalgan and Urga, each passenger to be charged 30 taels. Two new cars are to be purchased every six months.\n\nThe Company applied for a monopoly of motor-car services in Mongolia, and offered to carry the Chinese mails free from Kalgan to Urga. The Board of Communications have objected to the monopoly being granted, and have declined the offer to carry the mails on the ground that it might lead to disputes with the Russian Post Office.\n\nThe Peace Conference.\n\nLu Chêng Hsiang, the Chinese Delegate to the Peace Conference, who returned to Peking recently, has presented a secret Memorial to the Throne giving the results of his observations at the Conference and during his stay in Europe. It is reported that he takes a very pessimistic view of the result of the Conference, and considers that the mutual jealousies among the Powers are so strong and the desire for peace so half-hearted that serious results are bound to ensue within the next few years. He considers that China's only chance of being able to hold her own in the coming struggles lies in the reform of the Administration and the establishment of a constitutional Government.\n\nChinese Fleet.\n\nSome time ago the Chinese Minister in London was directed to make contracts for the construction of men-of-war, and it is stated that Wang Ta Hsieh, the Commissioner to England to study the Constitution, has now been directed to assist the Minister in this matter.-[Extract from Chinese press.]\n\nReorganization of the Chinese Navy.\n\nIt is reported in official circles that the reason for delay in proceeding with the reorganization of the navy is not lack of funds, but that the Empress-Dowager hesitates to take any steps in the matter because so few of the Imperial clansmen and other Manchus are qualified for posts in the navy.--[Extract from Chinese press.]\n\nProposed Parliament,\n\nThe Hunanese gentry have requested the Censorate and Board of the Interior to present a Memorial on their behalf praying for the establishment of a Parliament elected by the people.\n\nThe Grand Canal.\n\nA Memorial has been presented by the Board of Communications with reference to the proposed improvement of the Grand Canal so as to render it navigable for steam-launches. The reports of the various provincial authorities concerned are to the effect that the canal could not be made navigable for steam traffic except on certain sections and at great expense. They recommend, however, that certain improvements shall be carried out which will facilitate the navigation of the canal by junks. Extract from Chinese press.]\n\nResidence at Shanghae for Nanking Viceroy.\n\nIt has been proposed that the Viceroy should reside at Shanghae for a certain period every year in order to facilitate the arrangement of international questions.\n\n1",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 516,
        "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "10\n\nreason it seems to me that, if a correct perspective and full information are to be obtained, what happens at Dairen must be reported to Mukden, Newchwang, and Antung, and vice versá,\n\nLü-shun\n\n11\n\nFort Arthur Branch Line.\n\n  \n    Station\n    For use of Line\n    For use of Station\n  \n  \n    \n    Acres sq. yds.\n    Acres sq. yds.\n  \n  \n    \n    43\n    4,384\n  \n\nAnnex, Area of Railway Station and Railway Line Reserves of the South Manchuria Railway,\n\nMAIN LINE.-Leased Territory.\n\n  \n    Station\n    For use of Line\n    For use of Station\n  \n  \n    \n    Acres sq. yds.\n    Acres sq. yds.\n  \n  \n    Chang-ling-tzu\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Ying-cheng-tzu\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Hsia-chia-bo-tzu..\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Nan-kuan-ling\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Dairen..\n    217 3,080\n    104\n  \n  \n    Chou-shui-tzu ..\n    \n    576 4,844\n  \n  \n    Nan-kuan-ling\n    \n    3,164\n  \n  \n    Ta-fang-shen\n    11 276\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    4,640*\n    81\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    4,584\n  \n  \n    \n    964\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    88\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    3,736\n    \n  \n  \n    Chin-chou\n    84\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    3,208\n    117\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    2,088\n  \n  \n    Er-shih-li-tai\n    426\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    3,936\n    49\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    1,684\n  \n  \n    San-shih-li-pu\n    209\n    \n  \n  \n    Shih-po\n    199\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    1,180\n    568\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    109\n  \n  \n    Pu-lan-tien\n    168\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    4,108\n    119\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    1,218\n  \n  \n    \n    12 2,560\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    2,424\n    \n  \n  \n    Liang chia\n    97\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    2,152\n    82\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    192\n  \n  \n    Chou-chie\n    41\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    2,176\n    \n  \n  \n    Total\n    1,733\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    1,812\n    1,342\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    1,804\n  \n  \n    **\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Triangular in shape.\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Remarks.\n    \n    \n  \n\n626 3,636\n\n55\n\n672\n\n  \n    Total\n    224 1,540\n    219 4,172\n  \n  \n    \n    220. 4,140\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    1,191 3,808\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    127 2,260\n    49 3,656\n  \n  \n    \n    276 1,292\n    \n  \n  \n    Remarks.\n    \n    \n  \n\nOf this, 8 a. 1,280 sq. yds. in the neighbourhood of the Civil Administration Bureau jetty was included on the Russian plans in the railway reserve, but it is now no longer so included.\n\nLiu-shu-tun Branch Line.\n\n  \n    Station\n    For use of Line\n    For use of Station\n  \n  \n    Liu-shu-tun\n    101 2,700\n    37 920\n  \n  \n    Total within the leased territory,\n    5,515 a. 2,084 sq. yds.\n    \n  \n  \n    Area attached to the railway (excluding 29 a. 3,640 sq. yds. transferred to the Civil Administration Bureau),\n    5,486 a. 444 sq. yds,\n    \n  \n\nBetween Dairen and Chou-shui-tzu the railway reserve extends for 210 feet on either side of the line. This does not include land and house property belonging to individuals. Ditto.\n\nInside the railway reserve are the following Abandoned line from Er-shih-li-tai, 24 a. 3,840 sq. yds. Sea front at Chung-chia-lou, 49 a. 4,230 sq. yds. Triangular area, 74 a. 2,784 sq. yds. Abandoned line to Chung-chia-l 89 a. 1,916 sq. yds.\n\nArea within the station reserve handed over to the control of the Civil Administration Bureau, 21 a. 2,360 sq. yds.\n\nTien chia\n\nPlaces attached to the Railway.\n\n  \n    Name of Locality\n    Area\n  \n  \n    Pac-tzu-yai..\n    Acres sq. yds. 737 4,776\n  \n  \n    Chou-shui-tzu to Pao-tzu-yai\n    \n  \n  \n    Chou-shui-tzu\n    5 3,000\n  \n  \n    \n    52 2,532\n  \n  \n    Total\n    803\n  \n  \n    \n    628\n  \n  \n    Remarks.\n    \n  \n\nMAIN LINE-Outside Leased Territory.\n\n  \n    Station\n    For use of Line\n    For use of Station\n  \n  \n    \n    Acres sq. yds.\n    Acres sq. yds.\n  \n  \n    \n    111 5,356\n    81 4,564\n  \n  \n    Wa-fang-tien\n    157 2,008\n    586 36\n  \n  \n    Wang-chia-tun\n    86 3,512\n    81 4,352\n  \n  \n    Te-li-tzu\n    168 1,404\n    458 4,000\n  \n  \n    Sung-shu\n    98 752\n    102 2,076\n  \n  \n    Kuan-tzu\n    189 4,496\n    91 232\n  \n  \n    Wan-chia-ling\n    398 3,960\n    \n  \n  \n    Hei-chia-tun\n    674 0\n    359\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    472 1,816\n  \n  \n    Chitsai chai\n    100 708\n    68\n  \n  \n    Hsiung-yueh-cheng\n    139 468\n    1,102 4,600\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    1,400\n  \n  \n    Lu-chia-tun\n    139 2,012\n    81\n  \n  \n    Sha-kong\n    260 876\n    87 3,736\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    4,564\n  \n  \n    Kai-ping\n    147 3,032\n    832 820\n  \n  \n    Pai-chi..\n    125 261\n    102 2,076\n  \n  \n    Tai-ping-shan\n    149 724\n    95 2,904\n  \n  \n    Ta-shin-chino\n    178 340\n    782 3,440\n  \n  \n    Fen-shui\n    114 0\n    79 672\n  \n  \n    \n    105 4,792\n    81 4,564\n  \n  \n    \n    143 2,733\n    81 4,748\n  \n  \n    \n    91 3,144\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    613 2,112\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    124 968\n    82 2,316\n  \n  \n    \n    182 2,796\n    81 4,564\n  \n  \n    \n    $10 2,620\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    SL 4,780\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    158 1,476\n    81 4,564\n  \n\n[1905 f-1]\n\nQuarry reserve (fixed by agreement with the Civil Administration Bureau). Chou-shui-tzu-Pao-tzu-yai branch line reserve (7,000 feet on either side of the line). Including branch line to brick works.\n\nTa-shan\n\nTang-wang-shan\n\nHai-cheng\n\nNan-tai\n\nTang-kong-tzu\n\nAn-shun-chan\n\nLi-shan\n\nRemarks.\n\nRailway reserve extends from Chou-chie to Tien-chia.\n\nArea of Li-lin-kou, situated within the railway reserve, 47 a. 2,704 sq. yds. Area reserved for Hsü-chia-tun station within the station reserve, 102 a, 2,704 sq. yds.\n\nSand quarry in station reserve, 282 a. 316 sq. yds.\n\nSpace occupied by Sun-chia-tai and the riparian area on the left bank of the Sha-ho, within the railway reserve, 88 a. 4,068 sq. yds.\n\nStone quarry within railway reserve, 28 a, 3,948 sq, yds.\n\nTang-kong-tzu hot springs, within railway reserve, 53 a. 3,260 sq. yds.\n\nE\n\n513",
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        "page_number": 517,
        "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "12\n\n13\n\n514\n\nStation.\n\nFor\n\nFor use of Line.\n\nuse of Station.\n\nRemarks,\n\nYin-kau Branch Line,\n\nMa-i-tuo\n\n137\n\nAcres sq. yds.\n\n1,784\n\n77\n\nLiao-yang\n\n150 1,896\n\n1,466\n\nAcres sq. yds.\n\n2,168 604\n\nFor\n\nStation.\n\nFor use of Line.\n\nRemarks.\n\nChang-tai-tzu\n\n195\n\n408\n\n171\n\n3,756\n\nYen-tai\n\nVillage of Sho-aban, situated within the railway reserve, 24 a. 3,772 sq. yds. Tai-tzu-ho (river), within railway reserve, 44 a. 4,620 sq. yds. (riparian works).\n\nuse of Station.\n\nAcres sq. yds.\n\n110 4,668\n\n290\n\n4,416\n\nShih-li-ho\n\n121 3,484\n\n81\n\n4,564\n\nSha-ho..\n\n184 1,708\n\n81\n\n4,564\n\nSu-chia-tun\n\nTa-shih-chiao Wang-chia-pu Niu-chia-tun Yin-kau\n\n205\n\n163\n\n5\n\nAcres sq. yds.\n\n1,184\n\n81 4,564 4,388 1,022 1,924 4,608\n\n#\n\nStreet railway reserve.\n\n189\n\n788\n\n81\n\n4,564\n\nIlun-ho\n\nFeng-tien (Mukden)\n\n101 3,388\n\n79\n\n2,644\n\nTotal\n\n375\n\n400\n\n1,104 1,648\n\n150 2,812\n\n1,479\n\n2,560\n\nWen-kuan-tun\n\n229 2,856\n\n71\n\n3,388\n\nHu-shih-tai\n\n117 2,736\n\n81\n\n4,564\n\nHsin-cheng-tzu\n\nTi-erh-hain-cheng-tzu\n\nHsin-tai-tzu\n\nLuan-shib-shan\n\nTe-sheng-tai\n\nTich-ling\n\nPing-ting-pu\n\nChung-ku Kai-yüan Ching-kou-tau\n\nMa-chung-chien..\n\nChang-tu Man-ching\n\nChuan-yen-tou\n\nShuang-miao-tzu Huan-kou-tzu\n\n210 1,360\n\n81\n\n4,564\n\n145\n\n::::\n\n76\n\n136\n\n2,788\n\n25\n\n2,112\n\nFu-shun Mine Branch Line,\n\n299\n\n2,588\n\n104\n\n608\n\n81 4,564\n\n193\n\n140\n\n81 4,564\n\nSand quarry of Ta-fang-ho, within railway reserve, 23 a. 2,188 sq. yds.\n\n124 4,552\n\n1,388\n\n3,972\n\n:\n\n:\n\n228\n\n112\n\n81\n\n4,564\n\nVillage of Ma-feng-kou, within railway station reserve, 136 a. 2,208 sq, yds. Tzu-ho dike, within railway reserve, 52 a. 1,304 sq. yds.\n\nSu-chia-tran Fu-shun\n\n436\n\n454\n\n::::::\n\n186 1,242 210 4,788\n\n81\n\n4,564\n\n1,525\n\n1,682\n\n117 4,748\n\n83\n\n2,460\n\nYen-tai Mine Branch Line.\n\n183 2,792\n\n81\n\n4,564\n\n163 1,236\n\n861\n\n1,860\n\n199 1.272\n\n81\n\n4,564\n\n147\n\n3,856\n\nAbandoned line, within railway reserve, between Chang-tu and Mun-ching, 17 a. 620 sq. yds.\n\nYen-tai\n\n82\n\n24\n\nMan-nin-shao\n\n239 2,792 172 2,452 108\n\n3,336\n\n862 3,976\n\n81\n\n4,564 294 4,816\n\nSu-ping-chich\n\n44\n\n246 1,324\n\nYaug-mu-lin-tzu..\n\n98 1,212\n\n1,253 128\n\nSan-cha-bo\n\n425\n\n1,676\n\n153\n\n2,768 864 3,116\n\nKuo-ebía-tien\n\nChai-chia-wo-peng Ta-ko-yü-shu\n\nKung-chu-ling\n\nLiu-tu-fang-tzu\n\nTao-chia-tun (with Lu-ho)..\n\nFung-chia-tur\n\n:::\n\n::\n\n187\n\n684\n\n147\n\n248\n\n182\n\n164\n\n153\n\n213\n\n2,980\n\n163\n\n3,116 3,116\n\n119\n\n200\n\n1,650\n\n464\n\n102\n\n3,128\n\n102\n\n2,076\n\n181 4,832\n\n102\n\n311\n\n1,236\n\n158\n\n2,076 2,970\n\nMiao-er-ho sand quarry, within railway station reserve included.\n\nStone quarry on south side of Hsi-cbia-pu, within railway reserve, 257 a. 3,288 sq. yds.\n\nTon-liang-ho gravel pits, Hsi-ling, within railway reserve, 28 a. 1,404 sq. yds.\n\nChang-tai-tzu .. Chung-tien-ti Fang-shen-pu\n\nTotal\n\nKwang-cheng-tzu San-chieng-fang Hsiao-ho-tai Tao-chi-tun\n\n::::\n\n118\n\n20 20\n\n128 3,128 368\n\n80 4,020\n\n142 52\n\n1,816 88\n\n158\n\n3,624\n\n275 1,964\n\nRailway line reserve between Chi-tai-tzu and Fang-shen-pu.\n\nTao-chia-tun-Shih-pei-ling Mines Branch Line.\n\n135 2,860\n\n21\n\n30\n\n4,644\n\n51\n\n1,924\n\nPai-hung-kou\n\n321\n\n2,460\n\n121\n\n8,760\n\nMeng-chia-ta\n\nStone quarry near Fang-chia-tun, within railway reserve, 180 a. 4,388 sq. yds. Stone quarry near Pai-lung-kou, within railway reserve, 144 a. 4,528 sq, yds.\n\nShib-pei-ling\n\n2+ 1,530\n\n104 81\n\n1,644 59 2,586 1,164 600\n\nLine from San-chien-fang to Shih-pei-ling.\n\nTotal\n\n232 1,264\n\n266 1,104\n\n198\n\nNa\n\nPa-li-pu\n\n161 3,452\n\nChang-chun\n\n55\n\n2,968\n\n3,756 1,242 2512\n\n121\n\nSu-chia-tưu\n\n+\n\nThe railway station reserve is of recent purchase. The railway line reserve is leased, and purchase has not yet been effected.\n\nKan-kuan-tun\n\n201 1,168\n\n81 1,564\n\nSha-ling-pu\n\n67 2,072\n\nPu-san-chia-tzu San-tai-tzu\n\n52\n\n320\n\n453\n\nTotal\n\n11.366\n\n2,340\n\n$48\n\n22,331 1,968\n\nNot yet definitely decided.\n\nYao-chia-chuang Yin-pan Chang-chia-ph\n\nHsin-cheng-tzu\n\nTotal\n\n80 3,444 159\n\n2,984 162 2,616 157 1,684 117 3,216 60 1,476\n\n1,005 4,040\n\n116 1,104 81 4,564\n\n136\n\n2,768\n\n81 4,564\n\n$1 4,064\n\n81 4,564\n\n662 2,492\n\nCha-tzu-yao Mine Branch Line.\n\nChung-ku\n\nShan-tou-pu\n\n45\n\n2,896\n\nShuang-miao-tzu,.\n\n51\n\n1,480\n\nWa-fang-tien\n\nChu-tzu-yao\n\n11 3,824\n\n87 4,356\n\nArea of Cha-tea-yao, Yao-fei-ti, and Lao-yen-fang, within railway station reserve, 6 a. 2,598 sq. yds.\n\nMa-chung-ho\n\n81 2,880\n\n::\n\n:\n\nAbandoned line near Shuang-miao-tzu.\n\nAbandoned line near Ma-chung-ho.",
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        "id": 417230,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 556,
        "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "2\n\nhensible how a civilized race like the Japanese can be indifferent to such a national degradation. On more than one occasion I have seen Chinese coolies treating them with a contemptuous familiarity they would not display to their own women.\n\nNorth of Mukden the Japanese are of course much in evidence at all the railway stations. At Tieh-ling they have an exceptionally large and apparently flourishing Settlement, covering the ground between the station and the city, but away from the railway they are not much in evidence, except at Kirin.\n\nGoing west-north-west from Ssu-p'ing-chieh station I did not see any till I reached Chêng-chia-t'un, where, not counting a party of Japanese surveyors, there is a Japanese shop, in which I bought a tin of biscuits, with the well-known pattern and the side notice of \"Hundley and Palmier's Superior Reading Biscuits.\" At K'u-lun-chieh two Japanese merchants from Hsin-min Fu have recently been investigating the conditions of trade. At Fa-k'u-men there are two Japanese doctors who—with a race addicted to medicine like the Chinese—are able to carry on a thriving trade, besides several low-class shop-keepers. I did not see any more Japanese till I reached Hsin-min Fu, where the Japanese have a Consulate and gambling dens.\n\nWherever I went in Manchuria, I was told trade was in a bad way. In Fa-k'u-men many firms, affected by the big failure of a Chinese bank at Newchwang last year, had come to grief, whilst in Kirin Province the native banks, who are under no Government supervision, had issued too many notes. The country people, owing to lack of funds, were making no purchases, and business was generally at a standstill. The Japanese were therefore suffering by the general depression of trade.\n\n3. Robbers in China. The Hung-hu-tzu are generally armed with modern rifles. At K'uan-ch'eng-tzu the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha sells rifles to the Chinese farmers, much against the wishes of the Chinese officials, and many of these rifles find their way into the hands of the robbers. The Hung-hu-tzu, who are indiscriminately Chinese, Manchu, or Mongolian (in the west), are often old soldiers, and generally belong to the farmer class. Often a family elects to send one member to join a neighbouring band, so as to enjoy the benefits of its protection. Wherever I travelled in Feng-tien Province the country was reported to be tranquil, but I was informed that small parties of robbers were still giving trouble some 12 or 15 miles north of Feng-hua Hsien, and that Mongol mounted bandits had been raiding the country to the west of K'u-lun-chieh earlier in the year. In Kirin Province, which is more thinly populated, I heard they were still giving some trouble in the hills, 80 or 100 miles to the south of Kirin.\n\nGenerally when Chinese soldiers are sent out against robbers, they complain very little, and the Chinese often secure repose by promoting the robber chiefs to official rank and taking their bands into their service. Thus the Hung-hu-tzu chief, named Chang-tso-lin, was given the Hsin-min Fu military district last year. To show his zeal he invited a brother chieftain, called Tu-li-san, to a feast, and then treacherously put him to death. He has now been promoted to a red button, and given the command of the Chêng-chia-t'un district. Feng-ling-kê, well known before the war as the great robber chief of Liao-yang, was captured by the Russians and sent to Saghalien, whence he escaped, and worked for the Japanese during the war. He is now commanding the district of Chang-wu Hsien, to the west of Fa-k'u-men. Unfortunately, he was absent from the city when I passed through. Many of the soldiers of the provincial armies of Manchuria (viz., Feng-chün, Chi-chün, and Ch'i-chün) have been Hung-hu-tzu, who have now changed sides with their chiefs, and settled down to the reposeful life of a Chinese soldier. As the soldiers of the Lu Chün are Manchus of the cities, or Chinese from other provinces, there are probably no ex-Hung-hu-tzu amongst them. A soldier told me that the reason why they were recruiting only Manchu soldiers for the local Lu-chün at Kirin and Mukden was because if a Chinese deserted he could probably escape, but the Manchu could not desert so easily. This is probably partly the case,\n\nAnother difficulty in Manchuria is that the Chinese police themselves often rob and squeeze the inhabitants.\n\nDuring the Manchurian campaign, the Hung-hu-tzu were of considerable use to the Japanese. The Russians used to have large supplies of cattle, &c., sent across Mongolia to them, and the Hung-hu-tzu were employed to waylay these convoys and divert them to the Japanese.\n\nI do not think that Japanese officers would do well in command of Chinese soldiers, as they would be too harsh and unsympathetic, whilst the Chinese have the old prejudice against the Japanese, whom they always looked upon as inferior to themselves till they were partially disillusioned fourteen years ago. On the other hand, I believe that the mounted bandits of Western Manchuria, if trained and led by European officers, who knew their language, could be made very useful in guerilla warfare.\n\n1\n\n3\n\n4. The Chinese in Manchuria.—The population is mostly composed of Chinese, who have emigrated from Shantung and Chih-li Provinces during the last 200 or 300 years. Some have been settled so long that they call themselves natives of Manchuria, so they can always tell how long it is since their families emigrated. The Manchus are principally found in the big cities like Mukden and Kirin.\n\nAs the population of Shantung and Chih-li increases, the necessity for emigration grows greater, and this overflow finds an outlet in Manchuria or Mongolia. In the past, the population of China has often been kept in check by wholesale massacres, such as the appalling destruction of the Tai-ping rebellion, the Mahommedan rebellions in Yunnan and Kan-su, and the more recent disturbances in Kuang-si, also by great famines and the inundations of the Yellow River; but as civilization increases, railways are built, and European methods of engineering adopted, these evils should be reduced, and the population will increase more rapidly than at present. The colonization of Manchuria is still in its infancy. Taking a line roughly from Tieh-ling to Fa-k'u-men in the south, I was struck by the smallness of the villages and the scantiness of the population as I proceeded north. In Kirin Province, this was still more apparent. On the main road between Kirin and K'uan-ch'eng-tzu, the two principal towns of the province, a distance of 77 miles, there are only 3 villages with over 40 or 50 houses, viz., one with 250, another with 100, and another with 60 houses. Sungari, between the railway and Kirin, the country is even more thinly populated.\n\nMeanwhile, the Chinese are gradually pushing forward the boundaries of Chih-li to the north, and of Manchuria to the north and west, buying land from the Mongol Princes, and pressing the Mongols back. Within the last twenty years, a great tract of land on the western side of Manchuria, called the Shu-lu-huang, or Imperial grazing ground, has been thrown open to colonists, and the land is now mostly given up to cultivation. Towns, as they become of sufficient importance, are granted official status, and Chinese Magistrates are sent to govern these budding colonies.\n\nOn the\n\nWhilst natives come and go in Manchuria with much noise, drawing the attention of the whole world upon themselves, the Chinese peasants quietly push on unnoticed, armed only with the primitive agricultural implements used in the time of Abraham; but they have arrived with the full determination to stay, until necessity compels their descendants to push on still further ahead and carry on the silent and real invasion of Manchuria. The Mongols are a very different race from the Chinese, and are stupid and indolent, readily offering themselves as victims to Chinese cunning and craft.\n\n5. The disputed Territory of Ch'ien-tao.—I was unable to visit this region. The Japanese Consul at Kirin told me the Chinese had already sent four battalions of infantry of the Lu Chün (about 2,000 men) to the neighbourhood of Yen-chi Ting, and that they proposed sending the rest of the Kirin Lu Chün brigade (another 2,000 men) there this autumn.\n\nIn addition to the Lu Chün, the Chinese have one part of their Kirin provincial troops (Chi-chün Chien-lu), nominally 1,566 officers and men, stationed in the district. The latter are really untrained constabulary, employed for service against the Hung-hu-tzu, and unorganized for war, whilst of the Lu Chün 3,000 out of the 4,000 belong to the Kirin Brigade, which only started training last spring. The remaining 1,000 men belong, apparently, to the 3rd Lu Chün Division, which is scattered around K'uan-ch'eng-tzu, Kirin, and Ch'ang-t'u Fu, and is commanded by a very inefficient Major-General, Ts'ao-k'un. The division, when it was at Pao-ting Fu two years ago, shared with the 1st Manchu Division the honour of being the best division in the Chinese army, but it has deteriorated very much since it was sent to Manchuria.\n\nG. PEREIRA, Lieutenant-Colonel,\n\nGrenadier Guards, Military Attaché.\n\n(Signed)\n\nPeking, July 4, 1908.\n\n553",
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    {
        "id": 417270,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 596,
        "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government 593\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\n35745 [August 24.]\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[29339]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSECTION 3. 001 08\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received August 24.)\n\n(No. 310. Confidential.) Sir,\n\nPeking, July 7, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inclose, for your information, copies of documents relating to the negotiations which are now proceeding in respect of a loan to redeem the obligations of the Chinese Government under the Belgian Loan Contract of the 26th June, 1898, for the construction of the Lu-han Railway.\n\nAccording to Article 5 of that Contract, the Imperial Chinese Government are at liberty, after the 1st September, 1907, to pay off the loan at any time within the stated period of amortization and, for some time previous to the negotiations above referred to, the Chinese Government were availing themselves of the provisions of this Article as a lever to induce the Belgian \"Société d'Etudes” to modify the terms of their contract. But early in this year it was evident that the Belgian Company and the Chinese Government were unable to come to an agreement; and both Mr. Bland, representing the Chinese Central Railways, and Mr. Hillier, representing the Hong Kong and Shanghae Banking Corporation, felt that the time had come for approaching the Chinese authorities concerned with a view to making proposals for a redemption loan.\n\nThe steps taken by these two gentlemen are stated in Mr. Bland's letter of the 7th May to the Chinese Central Railways and in the private Memorandum of the 6th July by Mr. Hillier. Mr. Bland took exception to Mr. Hillier's independent action as soon as he heard of it, and placed the difficulties of the situation before the Board of the Chinese Central Railways. He pointed out that the interests of the British and Chinese Corporation or Chinese Central Railways and those of the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank, in the matter of railway loans, were not necessarily identical, and that it was impossible for the Companies to compete if the bank was prepared to treat such loans on the basis of purely financial transactions, freed from conditions for the supervision of railway receipts and expenditure which have been considered necessary safeguards in the past.\n\nIn their reply of the 10th June to Mr. Bland's letter the Chinese Central Railways explained that Mr. Hillier's negotiations were meant to be parallel and not competitive, and that the peculiar position of the Lu-han Redemption Loan seemed to justify the bank's independent action. Mr. Hillier first approached the Board of Communications on the 14th May, and was informed by the President that he was prepared to consider the best offer for the proposed redemption loan, the amount of which he would communicate as soon as it was decided, and on the 9th June Mr. Hillier attended at the Board by request, and was told that the amount would be 7,000,000l. secured upon provincial revenues. The money, it was said, was to be applied to general productive purposes connected with the Board of Communications, including the redemption of the Belgian Lu-han Railway Loan, but the Board were anxious that the latter object should not be brought into prominence, apparently to avoid wounding Belgian susceptibilities, and there was no objection to French and German participation. Mr. Hillier was promised a Memorandum in writing, and, not receiving it, he called at the Board on the 27th June, when he was handed a statement of the proposed security and main conditions. This he took into consideration, and drew up a paper of general headings of a proposed Agreement, a summary of which he submitted by telegram to the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank in London on the 1st July, having first shown it to M. Casenave, the representative in Peking of the Banque de l'Indo-Chine. The remarks of M. Casenave upon these heads of proposals are contained in the telegram of the 2nd July to the Banque de l'Indo Chine, and the telegraphic reply of the Banque on the 3rd July approves the objections made by M. Casenave against German participation, the want of any stipulation preserving the French character of the line, and the use for new railways of the 2,500,000l. of surplus remaining over from the 7,000,000l. after the redemption of the Belgian loan. Mr. Bland supports the last of M. Casenave's objections, and\n\n[1897 aa-3]",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 417271,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 597,
        "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "2\n\nstates that, according to his information, a portion of the surplus would be used for the Hupei section of the Hankow-Canton Railway.\n\nM. Casenave has also communicated to both Mr. Bland and Mr. Hillier a telegram of the 4th July from the Banque de l'Indo-Chine, stating that the French Minister is instructed by his Government to notify the Chinese Government that the French bondholders of the \"Société d'Études,\" some 80 per cent. of the whole number, I understand, will require repayment on the 31st December, if the existing loan contract is modified in any way by the Belgians, and that a quotation on the Paris Bourse for new bonds issued by the \"Société d'Études\" will be refused. This evidently means that the French, for their own reasons, are determined to make it impossible for the Belgians to come to any fresh arrangement with the Chinese, and to force the latter to deal with the French and English groups; and though it is true that a redemption loan analogous to the Tien-tsin-Pukow or Shanghae-Ningpo loans would be more advantageous to the Chinese than the present Belgian contract, it is, I fear, highly improbable that the Chinese Government will accept any conditions involving a French personnel or French control instead of the Belgian. Rather than agree to such conditions, they would, I think, prefer to let things remain as they are and continue the Belgian arrangements, and it is clear that this view is also held by Mr. Hillier.\n\nThroughout Mr. Hillier's negotiations with the Board of Communications, he has been requested to avoid introducing this Legation officially into the matter, at any rate until it has assumed shape, and, of course, the instructions contained in the above-mentioned telegram of the 4th July appeared to imply the direct intervention of the French Legation at the Wai-wu Pu. Both M. Casenave and Mr. Hillier were opposed to this, for obvious reasons, and it has now been arranged with my French colleague that the communications of the French Government should be made indirectly through M. Casenave to the Board of Communications. Meanwhile,\n\nMr. Hillier is awaiting the reply of his principals to his telegram of the 1st July, and informs me that Mr. Addis has gone to Berlin, no doubt in connection with this matter.\n\nI have been at pains to set out fully in this despatch and inclosures the leading facts relating to these negotiations, which appear to me to be complicated by unusual factors. Apart from the obligations of the British and Chinese Corporation and the Chinese Central Railways to the French group, of the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank to both, and of the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank to their German associates, there would seem to be another difficulty in the overlapping of the interests of the British concerns amongst themselves, which gives an impression of disunion to the Chinese and retards progress. I would suggest that this could perhaps be remedied by more explicit instructions from the bank and the Companies to their agents, who, I am certain, are performing their duties under difficult circumstances with complete loyalty to their principals and French associates.\n\nI inclose an article which appeared in the \"Peking and Tien-tsin Times\" of to-day, and which contains a fair summary of current opinion on the subject of the redemption of the Belgian contract.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nSir,\n\n(Signed)\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nMr. Bland to Chinese Central Railways.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN.\n\nPeking, May 7, 1908.\n\nAs\n\nPEKING-Hankow Railway: Redemption scheme. On my return from Hankow with M. Casenave on the 27th ultimo, we agreed that the situation justified immediate and energetic action in this matter. reported in previous letters, the Chinese have hitherto declined to entertain any formal proposals or to negotiate officially; they have continued to hint unofficially at the possibility of business in this direction, but it has been evident that this was simply to bring pressure to bear on the Belgian Company, Three months ago I asked his Excellency Liang Shih-yi definitely to state whether he would consider proposals for the redemption of the railway, and he replied in the negative. As a general rule, the Chinese are not unwilling to avail themselves of competition, and it may therefore\n\n3\n\n594\n\nsafely be assumed (as the native press states) that certain influences have been brought to bear upon the notoriously corrupt President of the Board of Communications, his Excellency Ch'en Pi. Until quite recently, it appeared as if Belgian diplomacy would succeed in obtaining an extension of the Lu-han Loan Agreement in return for surrendering the whole or part of its participation in the profits of the line.\n\nAs the result, however, of certain representations and action taken by M. Casenave last month, and of publicity given to the question, the Board of Communications became apprehensive of the results of declining competition, and the Belgian negotiations were for the moment checked. The moment seemed, therefore, opportune for attempting to secure the business, or at least a locus standi.\n\nOn the 28th April, however, Mr. Hillier informed me that, acting under instructions, he was in negotiation for this business with Mr. Liang Shih-yi; the basis of negotiation being a Government loan without any conditions involving control of the railway. He was negotiating, not for the Chinese Central Railways, but for the Hong Kong and Shanghae Banking Corporation, it being understood that the loan, if effected, would involve French participation, as well as German financial interest. As no such arrangement has been communicated to me, and as M. Casenave and myself have been proceeding under the instructions conveyed to us after the meeting between M. Simon and Mr. Addis on the 24th February last, and in the sense of the Agreement then recorded, it was evidently necessary to arrive at a clear understanding as to the nature and effect of the instructions under which Mr. Hillier has been acting. Accordingly I telegraphed to you (28th April) as follows:—\n\n\"The following is from J. O. P. Bland: With regard to the Peking-Hankow Railway Loan Redemption, I am informed by E. G. Hillier he has received instructions to negotiate on behalf of the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank independently of the Chinese Central Railways. This is contrary to my instructions and Agreement with French group as stated in the British and Chinese Corporation's letter of 26th February. Telegraph your definite instructions.\"\n\nand now await your Board's instructions.\n\nJudging from the information afforded me by Mr. Hillier, it would appear probable that the present conflicting instructions are due to a misunderstanding and to M. Simon's having confused Mr. Addis in his capacity of Manager of the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank and that in which he represented the British and Chinese Corporation and the Chinese Central Railways; the results are none the less regrettable, since the Chinese are therefore led to expect that they can borrow funds for the redemption of the railway on simple Chinese Government guarantee. While such proposals are under discussion, or even remotely possible, it would, of course, be futile for the representatives of the Chinese Central Railways to endeavour to negotiate for a loan under conditions involving either subsidiary advantages in regard to supply of material or any form of administrative control.\n\nPending further information and instructions, it is unnecessary for me to refer to this matter further than to say that, having regard to the peculiar political conditions under which the Lu-han loan was originally floated, and to the position of the French Government in that transaction, it must be evident that for the successful conclusion of the proposed (Anglo-French) redemption scheme, maintenance of our recognition therein of French preponderance of interests (as agreed upon) is essential, and in view of other arrangements, most expedient. The conditions under which Mr. Hillier is negotiating would not only eliminate any question of preponderant French interests, but would introduce German finance. Your Board must be aware that the French Government would, under no circumstances, assent to any such arrangement.\n\nBroadly speaking, the British and Chinese Corporation and the Chinese Central Railways are Companies organized for the special purpose of business (financial, commercial, or administrative) in connection with railways in China. For the continued existence of these Companies it is a sine qua non that railway loans (i.e., loans having for their object the construction or financing of railways) should be something more than simple banking transactions, that is to say, they should at least involve agency business for supply of material. Furthermore (as the lines now under construction will amply demonstrate), it is essential to the satisfactory construction and working of railways in China that Loan Agreements in future should not abandon the safeguards heretofore observed in regard to supervision of the railway's receipts and expenditure, a matter of no small importance to China's future credit. It would clearly be impossible for the Chinese Central Railways, insisting upon these conditions,",
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    {
        "id": 417272,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 598,
        "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "to compete successfully if railway loans as simple banking transactions are forthcoming, a consideration which evidently deserves the careful attention of your Board.\n\nFor these reasons it is evidently desirable that a united line of action should be laid down and maintained, and that everything possible should be done to dissuade the Chinese Government from the impression, now freely prevailing, that railway loans are at its disposal unfettered by any question of supervision or control.\n\nDear Sir,\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nChinese Central Railways to M. Bland.\n\nJ. O. P. BLAND.\n\n110, Cannon Street, London, June 10, 1908,\n\nI AM instructed by my Directors to acknowledge receipt of your letter No. 56 of the 7th May, in which you bring to their notice that Mr. Hillier, acting under instructions from London, was negotiating on behalf of the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank for a redemption loan for the Peking-Hankow Railway on terms which made it impossible for you to secure this business for the Chinese Central Railways, and contrary, as you consider, to the Agreement come to between the British and French groups, as conveyed to you in the British and Chinese Corporation's letter of the 25th February last.\n\nIn reply, I am to state as follows:---\n\n1. The Agreement come to between the British and French groups, represented by you by Mr. Addis and M. Simon, on the 28th February last, remains unmodified, but will observe that the clause regarding the redemption loan was a proposal only, and was left open. Mr. Addis now informs my Directors that the French group are willing to fall in with any new international combination which the force of circumstances may require.\n\n2. In regard to the intervention of the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank, my Directors understand that the bank had been in communication with Mr. Hillier for some considerable time prior to March last, as to the possibility of a Lu-han redemption loan. Learning about that time negotiations were on foot between the Chinese and the Belgian Company, the bank suggested that this would be a fitting subject-matter for the Chinese Central Railways to take up, and it was on this suggestion that the bank, however, apparently our cable to you of the 4th March last was sent. came to the conclusion from your reply of the 5th March that there was no prospect or probability of the Chinese Central Railways obtaining this loan, and At the same time my that, unless they intervened, the business would be lost. Directors are given to understand that, in instructing Mr. Hillier, they stated plainly that they would prefer that the business should go to the Chinese Central Railways. To this extent, therefore, it would seem that Mr. Hillier had discretionary power to co-operate with you and M. Casenave to endeavour to strengthen your hands; and if he acted otherwise, though my Directors may regret it, they are bound to assume it was not without good reason.\n\n3. My Directors concur in your observations that, for the continued existence of Companies like the British and Chinese Corporation and the Chinese Central Railways, apart from the other considerations you mention, it is a sine qua non that railway loans should be something more than simple banking transactions, and that if the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank or any other British institution were to tender railway loans to the Chinese Government unfettered by any conditions the raison d'être of these Companies would disappear. My Directors are assured that nothing of the sort is intended. The Lu-han Redemption Loan stands in a peculiar position. At present the Belgian Company holds the Agreement, and it is understood they are prepared to largely modify it. It may be assumed the Chinese will not transfer the loan to any other Company, except on terms more advantageous to themselves than the Belgians are willing to give, and these terms may be cut down to so fine a point as not to be worth having from the Company's point of view; in other words, it may become a mere banking transaction. This apparently is the view which the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank take of the position.\n\n5\n\nC.\n\n0.595\n\n35745\n\nNevertheless, if the Belgians are to be bought out, the Chinese Central Railways are peculiarly fitted to take their place, having regard to the association of our co-partners, and, as you remark, to the peculiar political conditions under which the Lu-han Loan was originally floated, and the position of the French Government in that transaction. My Directors can only hope, if it is not too late, that this may be brought about, even with the minimum of control, and they desire you and M. Casenave to continue your efforts in that direction.\n\nI am, &c. (Signed)\n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nTHOS. GILBERT, Secretary.\n\nAbstract Translation of Yu-ch'uan Pu Memorandum.\n\nSecurity.\n\nHupei.-Li-kin and miscellaneous duties, 1,000,000 taels.\n\nHonan.--Additional collection of salt tax and extra impost upon price of salt per catty, 1,000,000 taels. (Note-The extra impost is a levy of so many cash per catty added by the salt merchant to the price fixed by Government and accounted for by him, in lieu of increased duty.)\n\nChihli-Additional tax on tobacco and wine, and miscellaneous duties, 800,000 taels. Also extra impost upon price of salt per catty collected by Salt Commissioner's Treasury, 200,000 taels.\n\n  \n    Total,\n    3,000,000 taels,\n    at an average exchange of 2s. 6d.,\n    or 7:50 taels = £1.\n    400,000l.)\n  \n\nA loan of 7,000,000l., with interest at 4 per cent. per annum, would be extinguished in forty years by an annuity of £380,402, including interest and sinking fund.\n\nMemorandum of Terms.\n\n1. The Agreement will be signed by the Yu-ch'uan Pu with the lenders of the money.\n\n2. The amount of the loan to be 7,000,000l.\n\n3. Price of the loan to be 97.\n\n4. Interest to be at the rate of 4 per cent. or 4 per cent. per annum.\n\n5. The loan to be guaranteed by the Imperial Chinese Government, and secured upon provincial li-kin and miscellaneous duties indicated.\n\n6. The lenders are not to concern themselves with the application of the loan funds.\n\n7. The payment of loan proceeds to be made in Europe, either in one amount or in instalments, as required by the Yu-ch'uan Pu.\n\n8. The loan to be repaid by China in forty years.\n\n9. After signature of the Agreement, the Board will request the Wai-wu Pu to communicate it to the Diplomatic Representatives in Peking of the lenders, so that it may be given effect to.\n\nInclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum handed in by Mr. Hillier.\n\nGeneral Headings of proposed Agreement for Loan of 7,000,000l.\n\n1. The Agreement to be signed by the Yu-ch'uan Pu with the lenders of the money.\n\n2. The amount of the loan to be 7,000,000l.\n\n3. As the price which the loan will command on the market must depend upon the general conditions of the Loan Agreement, it will be necessary to defer its settlement until these have been finally arranged.\n\n4. Interest to be at the rate of 4¼ per cent. per annum.\n\n[1897 aa-3]\n\nC",
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    {
        "id": 417514,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 226,
        "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n222\n\nC.O.\n\n42178\n\n[October 21.]\n\nSECTION 1. 17 NOV 08\n\n[36623]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nBritish and Chinese Corporation to Foreign Office.-(Received October 21.)\n\nSir,\n\n3, Lombard Street, London, October 20, 1908.\n\nAccording to the information of Mr. Bland, our representative in Peking, there appears to be no doubt that on the 15th April, 1908, the Yuchuanpu obtained the Imperial sanction to a Memorial (copy herewith) by which it transferred to the Provincial Railway Bureaus its obligation to build the Shanghae-Hangehow-Ningpo Railway, which obligation, by the Loan Agreement, was definitely accepted by the Yuchuanpu on behalf of the Imperial Chinese Government. And, according to Mr. Bland's information, the Memorial was submitted to the Throne on the 6th March, 1908, the same day as the Loan Agreement was signed with the Corporation.\n\nAlthough Mr. Bland reported this information to His Majesty's Minister, the directors of the British and Chinese Corporation consider it desirable that they should themselves address Sir E. Grey on the subject, and we therefore beg leave to request that this letter may be submitted to Sir E. Grey, and to express the hope that he may be pleased to communicate with Sir J. Jordan on the subject.\n\nIn connection with the foregoing, we venture to quote a letter, dated the 1st instant, which we have received from our agents in Shanghae:—\n\n\"The present position of this railway is that, beyond the nominal appointment of a Managing Director and an Engineer-in-chief, no progress has been made towards giving effect to the terms of the Loan Agreement.\n\n\"Taotai Shih Chao Tseng (Sze) poses as the Managing Director, but we cannot satisfy ourselves that he really holds any authority from Peking, and, while the Chekiang Railway Company has accepted him somewhat under protest, and treat him as an inferior, the Kiangsu Railway Company has refused to recognize him at all.\n\n\"Taotai Shih Chao Tseng, who formerly was a contractor on the Lu-han line, appears a reasonable person to deal with, and if he were less of a nonentity in his present position some progress might be made.\n\n\"Mr. Foord's Agreement has not yet been signed, and, although the Chekiang Railway Company appears prepared to accept him, it does so more in the light of a Consulting Engineer than an Engineer-in-chief, and it is evidently not the present intention to allow Mr. Foord to interfere in the construction of the line more than possible. The Kiangsu Railway Company has, so far, not taken any notice of Mr. Foord.\n\n\"No loan funds have yet been paid over by the Board of Communications, but as that Board undertakes (vide Edict of the 15th April) to pay a first instalment of 800,000 taels to the Railway Companies before the 6th instant, some developments may shortly be expected.\"\n\nWe are, &c.\n\nPer the British and Chinese Corporation (Limited),\n\n(Signed) W. KESWICK, Chairman.\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nKiangsu and Chekiang Railway Companies: Memorial submitted by the Board of Posts and Communications on April 15 proposing Regulations with reference to the Loan of Funds by the Board to the Companies.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nOn the 6th March a joint Memorial was submitted by the Board of Communications and the Wai-wu Pu, proposing that a loan should be made by the Board to the\n\n*\n\nAccording to Taotai Shih the Agreement was signed by Mr. Foord before August 17 (see 31982.)\n\n[1988 a-1]",
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    {
        "id": 417966,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 678,
        "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government:] 074\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[41496]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[November 28.]\n\nSECTION 2.\n\nC. O\n\n47047\n\nRECT REG: 23 DEC 08\n\n(No. 452.) Sir,\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.~(Received November 28.)\n\nPeking, October 14, 1908. WITH reference to the fourth paragraph of my despatch No. 317 of the 14th July last, I have the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of a despatch from the Acting British Consul-General at Mukden, inclosing copy of a Report by Mr. Hughes, M.I.C.E., upon a site for a new ice-free port for Manchuria.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nActing Consul-General Willis to Sir J. Jordan.\n\n(No. 68. Confidential.) Sir,\n\nMukden, October 8, 1908. I HAVE the honour to inclose copy of a Report by Mr. Willoughby R. Hughes, M.I.C.E., who was recently instructed by the Manchurian Government to survey the coast-line between Tien Chiao Chang and Shan Hai Kwan, with the view of finding a port, ice-free if possible, suitable both in summer and winter for the commerce of Manchuria.\n\nIn Hu La Tao, Mr. Hughes seems to have found a harbour more satisfactory than was generally expected. The only question seems to be as to whether the trade of the country warrants a large expenditure on a port between Newchwang and Ching-wang-tao, the latter of which is open throughout the winter.\n\nMy own impression is that in this direction the improvement of the Liao River should be the first object of the Manchurian Government, and that the construction of a new commercial harbour might well wait until this has been accomplished, and, further, until the question of the extension of the Chinese Northern Railway has been definitely settled.\n\nMr. Hughes informed me that he was about to undertake a preliminary survey of the Liao almost immediately, and he was also under instructions to make periodical visits to Hu Lu Tao during the coming winter.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nR. WILLIS.\n\n(Confidential) Sir,\n\nMr. W. Hughes to Wong Kai-wen,\n\nBulutao, September 21, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report on the examination of the coast between Tien Chiao Chang and Shan Hai Kuan, which I have just completed.\n\nAccording to the instructions I received from his Excellency the Honourable Tang Shao-yi and yourself, I was to endeavour to find a port, ice-free if possible, which would be suitable for the accommodation of steam-ships throughout the year, so as to provide as far as possible a winter and summer port for Manchurian trade.\n\nAfter an inspection of the chart of the coast, my attention was first directed to Hulutao, where sufficient depth of water was shown to exist, and the description of the place, as published in the Sailing Directions for the coast of Liaochung, showed it to be apparently suitable in other respects.\n\nOn further inquiry, I was informed that the Coast Inspector of the Imperial Maritime Customs had sent a cruiser there some years ago to make a similar inspection with the same object.\n\n[2029 ee-2]",
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    {
        "id": 420497,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-358 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [10-11]",
        "page_number": 387,
        "title": "CO129-358 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [10-11]",
        "content_text": "# Hur Cox.\n\nI spoke to ... about this not you being Scar whether Lord Granville intended to forbid the system of collective punishment altogether or only to object to the present proposal. As pointed out in the Attorney General's report, the principle of collective punishment in question was introduced in 1888. The arrangement then provided was, however, unworkable and this attempt was made to make the system work in another manner. When the 1888 ... received ... I do not ... Lord Knutsford hesitated to approve (`9487/29`) it.\n\n... Branston, who knew Hong Kong, minuted on the paper that the question had arisen in his time & that the incorrigible spaders in this respect were caught.\n\nApparently, two conflicting views were expressed in Lord Knutsford's despatch and your despatch, more in line with the Attorney General's report, gives an explanation of the reasons which led to its introduction & looking to the exceptional character of its provisions, I defer submitting until I have received a report from you.\n\n`1390-A. & E. W.-20024/26-6,000-11-08`\n\n... She has been attone for ... (+ This way E. O'malley might suffer ... Las H bet beruchte).\n\nexplaining the circumstances which led to the passing of an Ordinance of so stringent a character `384` ... Sir W. des Voeux' reply `1755-3/88` Lu sanctioned ...\n\nI submit a draft ... on the assumption that Lord Granville objects to the system but is willing to assent to its continuance in Hong Kong in the form proposed, though not in Laohewe.\n\n`R. 2. S. 89/12/09`. **RESTRICTED**\n\nI think Sir ... bbs' draft will meet with your approval. It substantially provides ... as sanctioned in ... Africa.\n\nI concur ... grave objections ... JB `24/12`\n\nto the draft ... < 30 XII",
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    },
    {
        "id": 421735,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 524,
        "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "# [This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government]\n## 6\n\nscheme seriously to raise funds and start operations; and the Grand Secretary is further commanded to assume full responsibility in doing away with abuses, in strictly fixing a limit of time, and in making all decisions which may be called for by the circumstances. Let the Board of Communications and the Hu-Kuang Viceroy render him cordial assistance and not in any way impede his action, so that authority may be undivided and the importance of railway development be fully safeguarded.\n\nCountersigned by the Grand Councillors: Prince Ch'ing, Shih Hsü, Chang Chih-tung, Lu Ch'uan-lin, Yuan Shih-k'ai.\n\n## CHINA RAILWAYS\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n`[3182]`\n\n(No. 351.) Sir,\n\n### No. 1.\n`C.O. 7798`\n[January 25.]- \n`TREC SECTION 4 MAR 09`\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received January 25, 1909.)\n\nTokió, December 26, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch which I have received from His Majesty's Acting Vice-Consul at Dairen on the subject of the reconstruction of the Antung-Mukden Railway.\n\n(No. 93.) Sir,\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **CLAUDE M. MacDONALD**.\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1.\nActing Vice-Consul Gordon to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, December 14, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that the South Manchurian Railway Company has decided to take in hand the reconstruction of its line from Antung Hsien to Mukden, and that the necessary works will be commenced in March next.\n\nSurveys along the route have been progressing for some time past, and, as a result, it has been finally decided that the new line shall follow closely the route of the present light railway. As doubt has been freely expressed as to whether a standard gauge railway could be built along this route, I have the honour to submit the following description of the line, which is based on my observations when travelling between Antung and Mukden last August, and on an examination of a plan of the new line given me by one of the directors of the Company.\n\nThe country between Antung and Feng-hueng-cheng offers no serious difficulties, though some heavy earthworks and considerable bridging will have to be undertaken; a tunnel, 8 chains long, is to be made 34 miles out of Antung, some 2 miles short of Feng-huang-cheng station. From this place, in order to avoid the windings of the Erh-tao-kou River, the present light line follows the course of an affluent, twisting and winding up and around the hills that bar the way. The same route is to be followed by the railway as reconstructed, and consequently heavy tunnelling will be required, no less than six tunnels being marked on the plan in a distance of some 17 miles (from about 45 to 62 miles out of Antung). The Erh-tao-kou is rejoined here, and followed up to near its source, 6 or 7 miles beyond Tsao-ho-k'ou, 82 miles from Antung. At this point the real difficulties begin. The range of hills which further to the south-west form the Mo-tien-ling Pass will be bored by a tunnel some 3,000 feet long, and beyond this the line runs down the valley of the Sse-ho (?), a stream with many sharp bends and closely bordered by high cliffs which will have to be tunnelled through. Altogether, there will be nineteen tunnels in a distance of about 22 miles, the last tunnel, where the line emerges out into the valley of the Ta-tzu-ho, being well over a mile in length. The Ta-tzu-ho is crossed just before reaching Pen-hsi-hu (120 miles from Antung), and will require a bridge from 600 to 700 feet long. From Pen-hsi-hu, the railway runs up a narrow, steep valley, and on the plans two short tunnels are marked here. It is possible that one of these may be avoided and the line taken round the hill, instead of cutting through it. From the 130th mile no further difficulties are experienced, the railway running down a gentle sloping valley to the Mukden plains. On reaching the latter, some 150 miles from Antung, two alternative routes are laid down. The first proceeds direct to Mukden, more or less following the present light railway, while the second bends westward, and joins the main line at Su-chia-tun, the junction for the branch to the Fushun collieries. It is probable that the latter will be followed, as, in addition to offering greater facilities to those wishing to go to Fushun, an extra bridge over the Eun-ho will be avoided. The general direction of the line may be seen by reference to the inclosed sketch map.* The length of the railway when reconstructed will be 170 miles 46 chains.\n\n* Not reproduced.\n\n`[2104 66-1]`",
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    {
        "id": 421740,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 529,
        "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "## Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\n## Extract from the \"Tageblatt für Nord-China,\" Tien-tsin, of November 27, 1908.\n\n**(Translation.)**\n\n### WORK ON THE TIENTSIN-PUKOW RAILWAY.\n\nIN view of false reports which have been spread in the local press, we offer our readers some information from a valued and authoritative source which throws light on the present position of the operations in the northern section of the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway.\n\nFifty German engineers are employed on the line and in the Construction Office at Tien-tsin and Tsinan-fu; 250 kilom. (156 miles) of earthwork on the line are nearly completed, and a further stretch of 180 kilom. (125 miles) is under survey and will soon be finished. The decision on the tenders for the whole of the necessary superstructure will be given in the course of the next few days, as also the award in the case of the whole of the bridge work. The prices produced are the lowest imaginable. The Administration has purposely made haste to fix now, when iron is cheap, the price of iron for the entire period of four years, and thus to secure itself. The rails for the northern section cost per ton f.o.b. in Europe barely 95 marks (£4. 15s.), while in Europe the price is sometimes 107 to 112 marks (£5. 7s. to £5. 12s.), and the year before last 117 to 122 marks (£5. 17s. to £6. 2s.) was paid. As prices of iron are again on the rise, a later purchase would have involved a very considerable increase of cost in a matter of 9,000,000 marks, for the prices of iron in the present tenders are lower than they have been for decades.\n\nNo less favourable results have been given in the case of the cables for tenders for bridge building, and here also the extraordinarily favourable situation of shipping has been taken advantage of by the northern section. The German, French, English, Russian, and Swedish Steam-ship Lines to East Asia are at the disposal of the Railway Administration for their transport from Europe and America, owing to an agreement that has been concluded between these Companies. The low exchange for the dollar, moreover, came very opportunely in settling prices for acquisition of land and building of earthworks.\n\nThe foundation works on the Houng Ho bridge have been already given out. With regard to the iron superstructure, negotiations are still taking place with the Chinese authorities; but these negotiations will shortly be concluded, so that the operations can be begun this winter. All along the line, from Tien-tsin to Tetschau (Te-chou), a series of kilns are being built where several million stones will be placed ready during the winter, so that the building of the small bridges can also begin in the spring. Large quantities of lime and cement for this section are being transported by the canal, and the material is already stored in the proper spots. Large consignments of sand were also intended to be forwarded by canal for use in the beginning of the year, when about a fortnight ago the directorate was surprised by the pleasing news that the engineers had found sand in various places. This will save the railway about 180,000 dollars for transport of sand. This is all the more welcome because for years during the preliminary operations, in spite of the offer of rewards to engineers and populace, the search for sand remained unsuccessful.\n\nContrary to reports that have been spread from certain quarters, the purchase of land in Chih-li has presented no difficulties of any kind, and has been carried on smoothly. The prices paid have throughout been reasonable. Difficulties have only been met with in the suburbs of Tien-tsin, on account of the railway station question, which is not yet settled. The Administration has therefore decided to construct a landing station of its own on the Peiho, and to extend its connecting lines from there as soon as navigation, &c., opens next spring. By this means the railway material can be pushed forward without the construction being delayed for the solution of the difficult station question.\n\nGreat difficulties are offered, on the other hand, by the ballasting between Tien-tsin and Tsinan-fu. To obviate these, kilns are being erected along the whole line at distances of some 15 to 20 kilom. for storing hard clinkers; it has been reckoned that by this means the ballast becomes extraordinarily cheap. The experiments made by Germans in railway building in Siam with this method prove very useful to the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway. Of course this ballast is not calculated to last long; it will perhaps have to be replaced in three years by hard ballast, but as it is well known that the first ballasting often gets lost in the still spongy embankments, brick ballast is quite good enough for this, and more economical than the expensive small stone ballast. The proper ballasting will be procured later from Tsinan-fu and Tongshan. In Tsinan-fu large quarries are projected, and the building of lines to connect these quarries with the Houng Ho is already in hand. The ballast will be carried across the Houng Ho by an overhead cable in order to be independent of ice and floods. It will then be carried to the line in construction trains. The ballasting from Tongshan will begin as soon as the bridges over the Peiho and the Imperial Canal, the situation of which is of course complicated by the railway station question, are ready. Work has naturally begun already on the brick ballast.\n\nA cessation of the works is hardly more to be feared, since the contracts for supply and transport are settled for four years; the delivery of the materials of itself hastens on the progress of the line. The personnel, which, as already noted, consists of some fifty engineers who have three years' contracts, are on the best of terms with the Chinese authorities and population. With regard to funds, the Administration at Tien-tsin has already received instructions from the Director-General, Lu Hai Huan, to inform him what funds will be necessary beyond those already provided by the loan. As these funds, in accordance with the Loan Agreement, are to be raised by Chinese subscriptions, and, where such are insufficient, by the German Banking Syndicate for the German section, no interruption is to be feared even as a result of lack of funds. The opening of the first section from Tien-tsin to Tatschou (Te-chou) is to be expected therefore at the beginning of the year 1910.\n\nAs the Houng Ho bridge, in consequence of the negotiations that must take place in Peking and Tsinan-fu over the site of the bridge and the requisite width of the spans, cannot be ready before the end of 1911, it will not be amiss to make use for the time being of a cable ferry across the Houng Ho. South of Tsinan-fu the engineers have already begun marking out the line as far as Tai-an-fu. On account of the numerous bridges progress here cannot be so rapid as north of Tsinan-fu, especially as the great advantage of a waterway like the Imperial Canal is not available here; on the other hand, this portion has the advantage that the construction materials, such as stones and lime, can be broken on the spot.\n\nIn regard to the administration of the line, it must be acknowledged that the high Chinese officials at the head of the undertaking, his Excellency Lu Hai Huan and the Director, Li Te Shun, have done everything to further the progress of the construction. It appears that the co-operation between the Chinese and European staff on the northern section promises well, and is for the benefit of the railway. We hope in future to be able to publish further good news of the building of the line.",
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    {
        "id": 421741,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 530,
        "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "# [This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n525\n\nC.O.\n\n**(Translation.)**\n\n## Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\n## Imperial Edict issued on December 18, 1908.\n\nIN a Memorial presented by Chang Chih-tung, Yuan Shih-K'ai, and Liang Tun-yen, submitting a scheme for the joint official and commercial management of the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway, it was proposed that when, after ten years, the time for the repayment of the loan by the Imperial Government arrived, the gentry and merchants of the three provinces should be permitted to raise sufficient capital to buy in one-half of the shares, and that the line should then be under joint official and commercial management. Subsequently Lu Hai Huan submitted a Memorial suggesting regulations for raising share capital, wherein he proposed that as the southern section of the line passed through Anhui this province should be added to the others, making four in all, that after ten years the line should be placed under joint official and private management, and that at no time could the commercial shares be recalled. These proposals were all sanctioned.\n\nA further Memorial has now been submitted by Lu Hai Huan with reference to the affairs of the Four Provinces Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway Company (Limited), in which he represents that progress is being delayed owing to popular uneasiness. As it has been decided that the railway is to be permanently under joint official and commercial management, it would obviously be unjust to recall the commercial shares, and after the issue of this definite pronouncement we direct Lu Hai Huan to urge the gentry and merchants of the provinces to join together in raising share capital for the railway, so that there may be no risk of any obstacle arising when the time for the redemption of the line arrives, that benefits may result to all, and that good faith may be observed.\n\n## CHINA RAILWAYS.\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n[5712]\n\n**(No. 29.)**\n\n### No. 1.\n\n### Sir Edward Grey to Sir J. Jordan.\n\n### February 11\n\nRact SECTION 1 MAR OC\n\n7798\n\n**(Telegraphic.) P.**\n\nForeign Office, February 11, 1909.\n\nA copy of a telegram has been communicated to me by Pauling's agent, in which he states that the Japanese, who demand participation in all construction contracts for the Hankow-Canton Railway as price of their support, are causing the greatest difficulty.\n\nI should be glad to be informed of the facts.\n\nFirm request that you may be authorized to use your influence to obtain withdrawal of this opposition.\n\n[2150-1]",
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    {
        "id": 421790,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 579,
        "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "## 2\n\nas Prince Regent were regarded as offering a fortunate solution of the difficulty and the new era opened with every appearance of harmonious co-operation between Yuan and the Prince Regent and between Chinese and Manchus generally.\n\nIt soon, however, became noticeable, as I mentioned in private letters, that Yuan was effacing himself, and that all was not right. This impression was not confirmed by Yuan's own statements. Mr. Ijuin, the Japanese Minister, had a private interview with him on the 22nd December, and found him highly pleased with the Prince Regent and the unexpected capacity which His Highness was displaying in the conduct of affairs. On the 28th December he was almost exclusively the spokesman at a meeting in connection with the Manchurian negotiations between Japan and China, and had evidently no idea of his impending fate.\n\nThe circumstances under which he received his dismissal from the Prince Regent a few days later are described in the inclosed letter from Sir W. Hillier, who had the story from Yuan's son.\n\nYuan started by the first train on the morning of the 3rd instant for Tien-tsin, where he evidently intended to seek refuge in the British Concession, but having apparently been reassured as to his personal safety, he returned here the same afternoon, and left by special train on the 5th instant for his home in Honan.\n\nThe American and German Ministers called upon me on the afternoon the Decree was issued to talk over the situation, and we agreed that the incident ought not to be allowed to pass unnoticed by the foreign Representatives. We felt that Yuan's presence in Peking was a guarantee for stability, and that the Regent's action, if unchallenged, might lead to serious trouble.\n\nAn informal meeting, attended by the Representatives of America, Germany, Japan, Russia, Austria, Italy, France and myself, was held at the United States' Legation the following day, when it was decided to request authority from our Governments to make a representation either direct to the Prince Regent or to His Highness through the Wai-wu P'u, on the basis incorporated in my telegram No. 5 of the 3rd instant, a copy of which is inclosed for convenience of reference. The formula eventually adopted was naturally a compromise to meet the divergencies of views held by those present.\n\nThe Japanese Minister, with whom I had some previous communication, showed considerable reluctance to join in any representation, and gave as his reason that Yuan had, according to information furnished him by Tieh Liang, been impeached by censors for his behaviour towards the late Emperor. Subsequently Mr. Ijuin was prepared to join his colleagues on the understanding that Yuan's name should not be mentioned in order to avoid doing him harm and to prevent the representation assuming a personal complexion.\n\nThe construction placed upon the Japanese attitude by most of my colleagues is that Yuan's disappearance from public life means the removal of Tong Shao-yi and possibly the Viceroy, Hsu Shih-ch'ang from Mukden, and that the substitution of weaker men will suit Japanese policy in Manchuria.\n\nThe Russian Minister also showed some hesitation in falling into line with his colleagues, and wished to leave the decision entirely to his Government.\n\nA further meeting of the Diplomatic Body is to be held to-morrow, when it is expected that the views of the different Governments will be received.\n\nLiang Tun-yen has been appointed to act as Yuan's successor in the Wai-wu Pu. He is an intelligent Chinese educated in America, who has had much experience as Secretary to Chang Chih-tung, but he has contracted the opium habit to such a degree as almost to incapacitate him for sustained and serious work, and his influence in the country is of no account.\n\nHis senior colleague, the Grand Secretary Na, is a supple plausible Manchu, who has played many parts and always managed to come out successfully. His promises are as profuse as his performance is scant, and although a sworn brother of Yuan's, his regret at the latter's downfall is doubtless mitigated by the fact that he succeeds him as a member of the Grand Council.\n\nPrince Ching, to whom all communications are addressed, and who should, if the Protocol were observed, be Foreign Minister in reality, no longer takes any active part in the affairs of the Wai-wu Pu, which is now inferior in its personnel to the Tsung-li Yamên, which it replaced, and on which it was intended to be an improvement.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)  \n**J. N. JORDAN**\n\n## 3\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1\n\n**Imperial Decree received by the Grand Council on January 2, 1909.**\n\n(Translation.)\n\nTHE Grand Councillor and President of the Board of Foreign Affairs, Yuan Shih-k'ai, was chosen by his late Majesty to fill many high posts, and upon our accession to the throne we conferred further signal marks of favour upon him, in the belief that he possessed abilities which would enable him to render good service. He has now, however, been seized with a disease in the feet, which makes it difficult for him to move about, and thus renders him unfit for the performance of his duties. We therefore decree, as a mark of compassion, that he shall forthwith vacate his posts and retire to his native place for the purpose of treating his complaint.\n\n(Signed by the Grand Councillors)  \nPrince CHING (on leave).  \nSHIH HSU.  \nCHANG CHIH-TUNG.  \nLU CH'UAN-LIN.\n\n(Seal of the Prince-Regent.)\n\n### Inclosure 2 in No. 1\n\n**Sir W. Hillier to Sir J. Jordan.**\n\nJanuary 3, 1909.\n\n(Confidential.)\n\nMy dear Jordan,\n\nYUAN YUAN-TAI, Yuan Kung Pao's son, has just been to see me, and has given me some particulars, for my confidential information, which may possibly interest you.\n\nHe told me that, although his father anticipated that his position would sooner or later become untenable, the dismissal of yesterday, for it was a dismissal, came upon him as a complete surprise. Yuan Kung Pao was at the Palace yesterday morning and saw the Prince Regent, who was particularly affable to him, and smiled pleasantly on Yuan when he left and went to his office. The Regent then sent for Chang Chih-tung and Shih Chung-tang, and produced the copy of the Decree that appeared in yesterday's \"Gazette.\" It took both Chang and Shih also by surprise, for it was the first intimation they had that any design was on foot to get rid of Yuan. They remonstrated with the Regent, but to no purpose, as he said that Yuan had to go. They then begged him at least to delay matters and to consult Prince Ch'ing, but the Regent replied that anything Prince Ching might say would not alter his purpose. On the previous day the Regent had an angry interview with Prince Ching, and spoke very sharply to him about the way in which the Wai-wu Pu was conducted, complaining that the Wai-wu Pu Ministers were not half stiff enough with the foreign Representatives, and gave way to them far too much. The result was that Prince Ching went away very much upset, and did not attend at Court yesterday. In fact, Yuan-t'ai says that the old Prince was so upset that he is really ill, and that this abrupt dismissal of Yuan has worried him more than all the Boxer trouble did, and that there is a strong belief that there is more trouble coming in the way of wholesale dismissals. Chang Chih-tung, there seems to be no doubt, had not only nothing to do with Yuan's dismissal, but is even alarmed about the security of his own position. Yuan-t'ai asserts that there is a very strong anti-foreign and anti-Chinese faction in the Palace at the present moment, backed up by the Regent and headed by Tieh Liang.\n\nIt is customary, but not apparently obligatory, for Chinese officials, when given their \"congé,\" as Yuan has been given his, to present themselves at Court and return thanks. Yuan had intended to go to Court this morning, but his son and others are convinced that there are more humiliations in store for Yuan, and they are alarmed for his personal safety, so he was persuaded to go to Tien-tsin by the early train this morning, his wife and family following by the following train. Yuan-t'ai left me to catch the 5:30 train for Tien-tsin to join his father, who is staying at the Astor House Hotel in Tien-tsin. He has no intention of going to his native place, but is standing by to go to Shanghae at a moment's notice, and from there to Hong Kong, if he has reason to believe that vindictive measures are to be taken against him.\n\nPage 574",
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    {
        "id": 421797,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 586,
        "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "# [This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n2\n\nRailway, &c., with their Excellencies Li Ching Fong, Yang Shih Ch'i, and other high officials, and have offered to undertake the business on reasonable conditions, advantageous alike to the Chinese Government and the local shareholders; but the first condition essential to the introduction of foreign capital for the construction of these, or any other railways, is that the transaction be open and above board, and that the borrowing of funds be formally approved by the Imperial Chinese Government. It is quite useless for any provincial Railway Company or Chinese bank to propose to contract loans abroad for large amounts under conditions which have not received the sanction of the Government, and the sooner this fact is realized the better.\n\nFor some years past the Anhui Railway Company has been proclaiming its intention and its ability to construct its provincial railways with purely Chinese capital, as enterprises independent of all Government control. The results, similar to those experienced in Szechuan, Kiangsi, and elsewhere, have not been satisfactory either from the patriotic or the financial point of view, and it is evident that the present condition of affairs cannot be protracted indefinitely.\n\nFrom your present letter, I gather that the Anhui Railway Company, realizing its position, is prepared to use foreign capital so long as it can save its face by pretending to be ignorant of the fact that its agent, the bank, has borrowed abroad. I have had several similar applications from local and provincial Companies, and to all I have considered it my duty to explain that so long as the officials, merchants, and gentry concerned consider that there is any danger or disgrace in borrowing foreign capital, it would evidently be improper and unwise for them to do such a thing, even by roundabout and secret ways; it would be equally imprudent for the Corporation, which I represent, to lend itself to any such methods.\n\nWhen the Anhui gentry realize that their railways can be built for them more cheaply with foreign capital than with Chinese subscriptions; when accepting this fact, they seek and obtain the Chinese Government's sanction to finance their local enterprises in this way; finally, when they are prepared to afford to foreign capital the necessary safeguards for its proper expenditure and eventual repayment under conditions such as obtain, in similar cases, in all civilized countries, then, and not before, will it be possible to interest British financiers in these undertakings.\n\nI have informed the Directors of the Anhui Railway Company that my Corporation is prepared to submit to them an estimate for the cost of the Wuhu line, and any other they may require, naming a fixed price per mile and a definite period of construction. In the event of our estimate being accepted and a loan duly authorized, the Corporation would finance the business, providing funds sufficient to cover the construction contract, purchase of land, rolling stock and other local requirements. In this way, the Anhui Company would obtain the line in the quickest and cheapest manner, and, once built, the Corporation would have no further concern in the matter so long as the interest and principal of the loan were forthcoming at due dates.\n\nOr, if this proposal is not acceptable, I am prepared to discuss any reasonable alternative with any duly authorized and responsible party and to do all in my power to arrange matters on a mutually satisfactory basis. But I am not prepared to consider any proposals of the kind you now make, or to accept the seal of Pao Sing Bank as sufficient security for a loan on the London market.\n\nI remain, &c.\n\n**(Signed) J. O. P. BLAND.**\n\n## CHINA RAILWAYS\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[5517]\n\nC.O. 8782-\n\n[February 10.]\n\n## SECTION 2.\n\nRECD 12 MAR 08\n\nNo. 1.\n\n**Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received February 10.)**\n\n**(No. 31.) Sir,**\n\nPeking, January 19, 1909.\n\nFROM letters communicated to me by Mr. Bland, copies of which are inclosed for your information, it is evident that the representations made at the Wai-wu Pu, as reported in my despatch No. 571 of the 21st ultimo, effectively quickened the action of the Director-General in regard to the southern section of the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway.\n\nIn his letter of the 29th December, Mr. Tuckey sets out the various causes which have contributed to the delay that has taken place, and endeavours to explain why he did not make known his dissatisfaction sooner to the British and Chinese Corporation. From his letter of the 1st January, I gather that he is better pleased with the turn affairs have taken as the result of a personal visit of the Director-General, his Excellency Lu Hai-huan, to Nanking at the end of the year.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**(Signed) J. N. JORDAN.**\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\n**Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway (Southern Section) to Mr. Bland.**\n\nMy dear Bland,\n\nHead Office, Nanking, December 29, 1908.\n\nI RETURNED from a trip over the line yesterday, and found your letter of the 14th December awaiting me. The copy of the official statement, which you stated you were going to send me, has not, however, come to hand. Before answering the various questions you asked to be informed about, I must premise that my reason for not bringing the matter up officially before was that until October last matters did not become hopeless. There was considerable delay owing to the Managing Director taking such a long time to come to Nanking, and owing to his constant visits to Shanghae, but it was understood that the absences in Shanghae were necessitated by some railway business that had to be transacted there, and the country being largely under water, and the survey not far advanced, it would have been difficult to start work.\n\nWhen October came it was possible to start work, and, the conditions remaining bad, I sent in various protests, among which was the report shown you at the head office and another of the same date, which I attach a copy of. I got no answer to either of these, but, as I understood that the Director-General was shortly due here, I hoped that on his arrival matters would be put right. His visit was postponed, and he has only just arrived.\n\nWhen I protested about the state of muddle prevailing in the head office, I was always given to understand that it was owing to the Director being hampered by instructions from the Director-General, and it was only when I got actual evidence of the progress made on the northern section that I was able to take a really strong position.\n\nThe Managing Director is personally a very charming man, and during a trip which I have just had with him over the whole line he has treated me with every courtesy. In the working of the railway, however, he resents my interference in anything practical, and looks on me evidently as a technical adviser, and nothing more.\n\nIn the Loan Agreement there is a clause requiring the Managing Director to consult with the Chief Engineer as regards all technical appointments. The Managing Director holds that that clause refers to foreign engineers only. I have claimed that Chinese surveyors come under that head, and that I should be consulted about their appointment. This claim has been rejected. When I came south alone in April last...",
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    {
        "id": 422019,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 48,
        "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "## Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nMr. Bland to Mr. Tuckey,\n\n**Chinese Central Railways (Limited), Peking, January 18, 1909.**\n\nI HAVE had an interview with his Excellency Lu Ch'ai-huan, for the particular purpose of informing him of the probability that funds will not be forthcoming for the southern section if we have any further breach of the Loan Agreement in the matter of the Managing Director's requisitions on the bank.\n\nJardine's tell me that they have sent you the bank's statement of these requisitions, showing that Loh drew some 962,000 taels between July and October, of which, I understand, he did not expend anything on materials before the end of the year. I have also pointed out that by the Loan Agreement funds are to be drawn to \"suit the progress of construction,\" and that nothing can justify the Managing Director in taking them before actually needed to meet accounts due to deposit in Chinese banks.\n\nThe Director-General (or rather Secretary Woo) defended this practice on the ground that they get more interest in native banks, which is to the benefit of the railway. I said that this argument was inadmissible. Next I pointed out that if the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank's rate of interest is, in their opinion, unduly low, it is for them to represent the matter to the Chinese Central Railways, who would inquire into the facts, and use their influence with the bank to get a better rate, if the rate allowed is lower than the ordinary market interest on current accounts. But the fact that they are dissatisfied with the bank does not justify them in breaking the Agreement with regard to requisitions, and we are going to insist therefore on fuller details and a better system in future. It would be as well for you to warn Loh Taotai, as I have warned the Head Office, for it will be a losing of \"face\" if he applies for funds and they are refused.\n\nI was surprised to find that the Director-General denies that he has agreed to have the accounts audited up here. He says that, personally, he has no objection to so doing, but that he is perforce influenced by the objections which Loh Taotai and you have expressed to the proposal. He has requested, he says, that you and he shall come to a definite opinion and recommend a course of action in re. I told him that he had officially agreed to the appointment of Henderson, and that under the circumstances I could not, as representing the Chinese Central Railways, agree to removing the audit down south. That the alleged inconvenience of having to inquire from here to Pukow would be far less than having to refer to Pukow from here. For instance, I have asked for the monthly statements of materials which, by the Agreement, ought to be rendered regularly to the Chinese Central Railways through the auditor. If the accounts were here and audited, as they should be, I could get the auditor's statement as to the accuracy of the document without delay.\n\nAs it is, I have to await the result of Chinese (i.e., interminable) correspondence on the subject. Anyhow, you know my views on this subject. I am prepared to give you all the support you may want, to be your mouthpiece at the Legation, and to do everything to make your work a success.\n\nBut, on my side, I expect your support in the matter of the accounts. It involves, I know, making out the accounts in duplicate, but that is done in every Government office all over the world, and the Customs system is there, handy for you to follow and most effective. With Henderson and myself in touch here, and you to keep me posted whenever you think the interests of the line require it, we can handle the thing with some prospect of success. With some Shanghai auditor who knows nothing of railway work going once a month to Pukow, and making a formal certificate that he has seen the books and compared them with the vouchers—well, I wash my hands of any further concern in the business, beyond protecting, so far as I may be able, the interests of the Chinese Central Railways.\n\nI expect that Sun Pao-chi will take over charge after the New Year; there may then be a change in methods. Hope to hear from you soon, and trust you will be able to back me effectively about the accounts,\n\nYours truly,\n(Signed)\n\n## Inclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nMr. Tuckey to Mr. Bland.\n\n**Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway, Southern Section, Chief Engineer's Office, Nanking, January 27, 1909.**\n\nI AM in receipt of yours of the 18th instant. I note your remarks about the withdrawal of the funds from the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank.\n\nRe the audit: I wrote you stating that the Director-General preferred the audit to be made at Nanking, as I had myself advised when in Peking last May. After the Director-General left, Mr. Loh told me that he understood that the Director-General had changed his mind, and intended to agree to the audit being made in Peking. I advised you of this fact, but I have never disguised my own opinion that the decision to have the accounts audited in Peking was a mistake of the first magnitude, and deprived me of all effective support, such as is freely given to my confrère, Herr Dorpmüller, by the German Syndicate.\n\nI have not reopened the subject with the Managing Director, but when I was accused a few days ago by Messrs. Jardine, Matheson, and Co. of failing to keep in touch with the Corporation, I was obliged to state that, in my opinion, it was the Corporation who had failed to keep in touch with me. They had the opportunity of sending an employé of their own to Nanking to examine the accounts, and through...",
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        "id": 422110,
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        "document_key": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 139,
        "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "# regard to their fitness for the post, and whose chief concern is to collect as much money as possible during their brief tenure of office in Canton.\n\n## Means of Communication\n\nProbably in no other part of China are the means of communication so elaborate and so easily capable of improvement as in the Canton Delta. Steam-launches towing commodious passenger-boats ply constantly between Canton and almost every important town in the delta. There is daily communication between Canton and Hong Kong and Canton and West River ports; also a bi-weekly service of cargo and passenger steamers to Shanghae and Tien-tsin direct; Samshui and Fatshan have for some time past been connected with Canton by rail; the main line to Hankow is now open for 45 miles, and in a year's time the Canton-Kowloon Railway will be open as far as Sheklung, on the East River, 40 miles from Canton.\n\nAll these lines run through some of the most thickly populated districts in China, and this gradual extension of railway facilities must inevitably make for improved conditions of life and the prosperity of the people of the province.\n\nIn the city of Canton itself little has been done to improve means of communication, which remain as they were centuries ago. The streets are narrow, crooked, dark, and dirty, and so congested is the population and so valuable the property that the widening of the streets in the city to any appreciable extent is apparently out of the question. In the suburbs, however, the construction of a bund along the river front, with an extension into the country outside the East Gate, provides a means of carriage and horse exercise which the Cantonese are more and more taking advantage of. The completion of this bund has been considerably delayed owing to the refusal of the authorities to employ foreign assistance and the financial difficulties which seem to be inevitable in all Chinese Government enterprises.\n\nOf outward signs of Western civilization there are no lack in Canton. A telegraph service has been in existence for some years; to this has recently been added a telephone service, and, more recently still, wireless communication has been installed between Canton, Whampoa, and the Bogue Forts. A British Company provide a large number of houses in the city, including the principal yamêns, with electric light and fans, and a recently completed waterworks, under Chinese management, supplies the city with clean water at moderate rates.\n\nThere are either completed or in process of erection an arsenal, powder factory, mint, cement works, a paper mill, and railway stations, works, and shops. Foreign buildings are springing up in all directions in and around the city; most of the new schools are erected in foreign style, and the better class of shops are adopting brick and stone façades and plate-glass windows. Outside the East Gate extensive barracks have been put up to accommodate the Lü Chün, which were recently favourably commented upon by a British General.\n\n## Education\n\nSo far as we can gather, the advance in education on modern lines in Canton has not been so great as in other parts of China. This may partly be accounted for by the proximity of Hong Kong, with its superior educational facilities for Chinese boys; partly by the fact that the well-to-do Cantonese have, until quite recently, been in the habit of sending their sons to complete their studies in Japan.\n\nThere are, of course, the usual number of schools established under the new system of education promulgated by the Government in 1903. These include a provincial college, a normal school, middle schools, and several elementary schools.\n\nIn the college instruction is given in the following subjects:\n| Subject Number | Subject |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | Chinese classics and history |\n| 2 | English, French, and German languages |\n| 3 | Foreign history and literature |\n| 4 | Mathematics |\n| 5 | Science, chemistry and physics |\n| 6 | Geography |\n| 7 | Philosophy |\n| 8 | The art of war |\n| 9 | Gymnastics and deportment |\n\nEnglish is taught by an American Professor, German by a German, French and all other subjects by Chinese Professors, the majority of whom received their training in Japan.\n\nIt is characteristic of the educational methods of the Chinese Government at the present day that, although the demand for instruction in English is greater than that for any other foreign language, not a single Englishman is engaged in teaching his own language in the Government schools of Canton.\n\nLast year there were 300 students, of ages ranging from 17 to 30, on the books of the Provincial College. No fees are charged for tuition or board, the college having been richly endowed out of Government funds by a former Viceroy.\n\nNo degrees have yet been conferred, but by the Regulations of the Board of Education the college has power to confer the degree of \"Chü Jen\" on students who pass a satisfactory examination on the completion of the full course of eight years.\n\nThe Government Normal School for the training of teachers, which is housed in an immense block of buildings, erected on the site of the old examination halls, close to the South Gate, has not so far been a success. The better class of Cantonese have refused to send their sons to this school, partly because there are several Japanese on the teaching staff and a reaction has lately set in against education on Japanese lines, partly because some of the large mission schools, notably the American College in Honan and the Roman Catholic College in the city, offer a far better training, not only in Western learning, but in the Chinese classics. The two schools above mentioned were quite full last year.\n\nThe opinion seems to be gaining ground amongst the Chinese that too much stress has been laid on the advantages of a purely foreign education, with the consequent neglect of their own language and literature, and an indication of this feeling is to be found in the recent opening of schools in Canton, under Government auspices, for the exclusive study of Chinese.\n\nAt Whampoa there is a naval college for the training of cadets, but in the absence of any serious attempt to reorganize the naval forces of Canton, it does not appear that this school can be of any practical utility to the country.\n\nAt Whampoa is also an elementary military school in connection with the larger military college outside the East Gate, where officers are trained for the new Lu Chün or territorial army.\n\n## Native Press\n\nOne of the inevitable results of the political awakening of an oriental people appears to be the rapid growth and widespread influence of a native press.\n\nIn Canton there are now fifteen Chinese newspapers, most of them dailies, which have a large and rapidly increasing circulation in the city and throughout the province. They are, with few exceptions, revolutionary in tone and intensely anti-foreign. The influence they exert over the people of Canton, always impatient of official control and ready to resist foreign interference in their affairs, must at times prove most embarrassing to the Viceroy and his advisers, but he either will not, or dare not, enforce the new press laws against them.\n\nTheir criticisms of the actions of foreign Governments and officials, especially their references to the affairs of Hong Kong, are almost invariably prejudiced, hostile in tone, and often wilfully inaccurate. We have on frequent occasions lately had occasion to draw the Viceroy's attention, both on our own behalf and on behalf of the Government of Hong Kong, to what appeared to us deliberate attempts on the part of some of the most widely read newspapers to stir up trouble between foreigners and Chinese, both here and in Hong Kong, but in no case has the Viceroy shown that he realized the gravity of their offence, or taken any effective steps to express his displeasure at this conduct. His Excellency usually contents himself with retaliating that the Hong Kong press, both native and foreign, is equally reprehensible and unfriendly towards his Government.\n\nThe recent action of some of the native papers in publishing official documents and Confidential communications from foreign Consuls to the Chinese authorities appear to us to constitute a serious drawback to the efficient conduct of international business in Canton, and the Viceroy's refusal even to express regret for a particularly flagrant publication of a foreign Consul's despatch a few weeks ago is significant of the attitude of his Government towards foreign interests and fraught with serious possibilities for the future of international relations in this part of China.\n\nPage 4\nPage 5\nPage 7",
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        "page_number": 128,
        "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "# Errors in existing Maps\n\nMost maps in existence limit the number of places in the Ordos of which they show the position to the seats of Government of the tribes nearest to the Great Wall; some include Hangkin on their list. While at one time the positions assigned to these places were doubtless correct, time has brought about a change in some of them, a change to which all are liable for the Prince of the tribe may at any time see fit to move his seat to a more suitable spot where there is better water or pasturage; or else some bad luck may come to his house and the lamas may advise him to build elsewhere. Thus all readings of the maps as regards these places should be accepted with caution. The position of Wushin, for instance, is wholly different now to what it was ten years ago. The Prince now resides two days' journey (50 miles) to the south of where he is indicated on the map as living. Again, the Prince of Hangkin is indicated on the German maps as living close to the south-east end of Dabassun Noor where as he now lives (whatever he once did) several days' journey from the lake in a west-south-westerly direction. But perhaps the strangest map error of all is in the position of Salatsi ting which is indicated as lying about 30 miles south-west of Kweihuacheng and off the main road to Bautu. Bautu is rightly placed at 90 miles distant from Kweihuacheng. The maps which mark Salatsi ting to the south will indicate Chagenkuren as a small place on the road 20 miles east of Bautu and 60 miles west of Kweihuacheng. Now Salatsi is the Chinese and Chagenkuren the Mongol name for one and the same place. It seems impossible to understand how such a vast error in distance arose and why it has been allowed to remain uncorrected for so long.\n\nApril 27—Leaving Anental to the west over low hillocks of sand piled up by countless years of winds we soon turned south-west away from the river, ascending gradually into the heart of the Ordos. No houses anywhere to be seen and no traffic. A Tai lu or official track is supposed to run in a south-westerly direction through the princedoms, but the difficulty of keeping on it is enormous owing to the number of side tracks crossing it. The country is covered with hillocks of drift-sand covered with scrub and among these antelope were browsing heedless of our caravan. Travelling would be extremely difficult for anything except camels. The country is so broken by sand-ridges and hillocks that a caravan can move along the tracks without being seen from a distance. Early in the afternoon we stopped at a small Mongol settlement of two houses known as Koturbala; here there is a good well, a necessary thing in a country where water can only be obtained by digging, a difficult process in view of the amount of drift sand.\n\nThe track was especially difficult just now because of the recent number of dust storms which had obliterated the tracks and made it hard to find the right road.\n\nThe Mongol dogs are as fierce in the Ordos as elsewhere in Mongolia; my retinue fortunately saved me from one today. Koturbala was a comfortable rest house after a dead calf had been ejected from the best room.\n\nWe picked up here a Mongol who spoke Chinese fluently and who consented to accompany us as far as Ninghsia for the sum of 10 taels (30s.).\n\nApril 28.—As payment for her hospitality the old lady here snipped off some camel's hair. She said she took toll of every passing caravan in the same way. Excellent sport is obtainable by walking some 200 yards from the convoy and parallel with it. Care has to be exercised lest one lose the convoy as the track twists and bends and one may imagine oneself to be keeping parallel with them and yet be far from doing so. Once lost it would be an extremely difficult matter to extricate oneself for one meets no one; at the same time there is always the danger of lighting on a cabin among the hills and of finding oneself attacked by several dogs who do not hesitate to spring at the traveller's throat. Even close to the convoy the utmost strategy has sometimes to be used to extricate oneself from an attack by dogs.\n\nAfter travelling three hours we reach the few lonely cabins which form the settlement of Bourdan, situated on a strip of land some few hundred yards wide and 1/2 a mile long, more fertile than the surrounding country.\n\nAn hour later we descended into a depression at the bottom of which trickled a little water an inch or so in depth and some 25 yards broad. This stream which flows north into the Yellow River is known as the Er khe gol. The banks are sandy and precipitous and must be 30 feet high. An hour later we reached the residence of the Djungar Prince. The first thing one sees is a mud-walled enclosure, each wall 200 yards long much broken down in places and against which a good deal of sand has drifted. This encloses an encampment surrounded by a low wall. This is the Prince's residence.\n\nThe encampment lies north and south. Outside the entrance at the south end is a temple in front of which are a number of poles with many prayer flags strung between them. There are prayer flags on all the walls and on many of the trees in the Prince's garden.\n\nThe Prince is a man of 60. He never leaves his house, except to go once in three years by cart to Peking. His duties are to keep the district in order and to administer justice; for this purpose there is a Yamen attached to the residence. The Prince is said to receive 500 taels of silver a-year and 100 bags of rice from the Chinese Government. As he has no taxes to pay and no soldiers to maintain the position cannot be a difficult one.\n\nThe few cabins round the encampment grow potatoes, wheat, millet, and kaoliang. The encampment is, however, wholly Mongol, nor has the Prince a Chinese wife. A few of the population speak Chinese, but there is no compulsion to learn it.\n\nDuring the afternoon we passed three small tricklets of water, at the last of which we halted for the night in a Mongol house known as Wotodiassho.\n\nApril 29—We crossed several small streams flowing northwards, and occasionally a Mongol cabin, either in the vicinity of the streams or of a marshy piece of ground. After three and a-half hours we halted at a small Chinese Settlement called Ba ha ra se ho.\n\nThe Chinese families here pay a small land tax to the Mongol owners. A farm labourer told me his wages were one tael (3s.) a-month, of which 20 cents (one-ninth) went to buy opium.\n\nTwo hours later we halted at Hungehow (Red Temple) for the night, a small Chinese village overlooking a stream of the same name which flows north. We had deviated a good deal from the right road, our guide wishing to take us to Ninghsia by the more direct route across the centre of the Ordos. There is a miserable inn at Hungchow.\n\nApril 30.—We passed occasional Chinese cabins: their inhabitants are said to be under the authority of the local Prince for petty offences. A hurricane came on in the late afternoon, followed by a dust-storm which changed to heavy snow. We just reached the shelter of a solitary Mongol house, called Sadungapu, in time.\n\nMay 1.—Deep snow lay everywhere; we could not start till late as the camels had to be unfrozen, they had been obliged to remain in the open all night, there had been also great mortality among the lambs and kids. The snow, however, melted during the day, but while it lay the track was exceedingly difficult to find. We stopped the night at a Chinese Settlement, called Hurutu, situated on the side of a ravine, the cabins being for the most part cave-dwellings.\n\nMay 2—The day saw a renewal of the terrible dust-storms we had experienced between Kweihuacheng and the Yellow River. From 9 AM to 5 PM it was impossible to see more than a few yards ahead, while the force of the wind raised not only dust but even pebbles, and hurled them against us. A caravan winding its way over the treeless downs with no sheltering hills is fully exposed to such storms. During the day we crossed a number of dry river-beds, each several hundred yards wide; these show that the country was once well watered. The country is extremely broken into deep nullahs and gullies, round the heads of which the track has to wind. The dry river-beds are, however, composed of firm sand or fine gravel; there are no rocks or boulders. We halted at a small Chinese Settlement called Hodatogol. One of the natives here is an example of thrift: he owns many flocks and herds, his expenses per annum are literally nil apart from his land tax to the Mongols. He lives on his fields and his flocks, and sells the skins of the latter to the native dealers, who come from Ninghsia at fixed times in the year.\n\nMay 3—The day was worse than yesterday for dust, and we got hopelessly out of our road, thanks to it, and had to halt early at a solitary house known as Shihpakotu for the night. It did not increase one's pleasure to learn later in the day that there was a child ill of small-pox in the farm.\n\nMay 4—We had to turn south to get straight again, and passed through quite a belt of cultivation, a large amount of land being under the plough, the inhabitants being of course Chinese. During the morning we crossed the dry Ulan Muran. In the afternoon we reached a different country altogether, the hills being of red sandstone, and both they and the valleys covered with a low scrub. We halted at the Mongol farm of Chaganboshoo.\n\nMay 5.—Three hours marching brought us to the residence of the Prince of Wang, round which farms are rather more plentiful than they had been for some days. The encampment resembled that of the Prince of Djungar, only that there were no outer walls to it. The Prince himself was away on a pilgrimage to the Wutaishan with a large retinue.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 491,
        "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "# CHINA RAILWAYS\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSo 25 SEP 09\n\n[September 6.]\n\n489\n\n## SECTION 2.\n\n### Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey. (Received September 6.)\n\n**(No. 293.)**\n\nPeking, August 17, 1909.\n\nREFERRING to my despatch No. 256 of the 15th July last, I have the honour to enclose a translation of two decrees in which punishment is meted out to the officials guilty of mismanagement of the northern section of the Tien-tsin--Pukow Railway.\n\nThe chief culprit, Li Te-shun, is cashiered, never to be employed again, while the late Viceroy, Yang Shih-hsiang, loses his brevet rank of junior guardian to the heir-apparent. In some quarters, the opinion is expressed that Li Te-shun was only a scapegoat for the financial misdeeds of Yang Shih-hsiang. Lu Hai-huan, the director-general of the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway, has, according to a later decree, been degraded two steps in rank, but is allowed to retain his post as commissioner for treaty revision.\n\nThe exposure of the corruption existing in the administration of the northern section of the railway cannot be regarded otherwise than as a set-back to German influence in North China, even though no Germans can be proved to have been directly involved in the questionable transactions which have taken place. When, therefore, the slow progress made by the southern section, under a British engineer-in-chief, is contrasted with the celerity with which work has been pushed forward on the northern or German section, we can console ourselves with the thought that there have been no such scandals in connection with the construction of our section as those recently exposed on the northern section.\n\nI regret that I have not been able to obtain a copy of the memorial to the Throne impeaching the guilty officials.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**(For the Minister),**  \nW. G. MAX MÜLLER.\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1.\n\n#### Imperial Decrees.\n\n**(1.)**  \n**(Translation.)**\n\nWITH reference to a memorial submitted by Supervising Censor Kao Jun-Sheng, impeaching Lu Hai-huan, director-general of the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway, for nepotism and mismanagement of the line, we commanded Na-tung to examine into the matter carefully, and he has now reported to us upon the same.\n\nExpectant Taotai Li Teh-shun, has, by seeking his selfish ends, disregarded public welfare and incurred popular resentment; expectant Taotai Chang Yi is a disgrace to official dignity by his flattery and fawning behaviour; and both are commanded to be cashiered, and never again employed in Government service. Expectant Taotai Tsao Chia-hsiang is guilty of obtaining profits by cultivating friendship with the authorities, and is hereby cashiered. Magistrate Yung Chi is to be cashiered for ever, and to be sent to work on the military post road, for his bribery and oppression. Expectant Taotai Chien Hsi-lin attempted to escape justice, and under investigation has been found to be avaricious and improper in conduct. He is to be cashiered, and returned to his native place and placed under official surveillance. The merchants, Kao Hsi-chiu and Li Cho-chi, are found guilty of bribery and intrigue, and are commanded to be sent in custody to their homes. They shall not be permitted in future to contract for any work on the railway.\n\nLu Hai-huan, through being the director-general, neither took precaution before, ...",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909",
        "page_number": 348,
        "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909",
        "content_text": "## \n\nOwing to the evils of borrowing in such harrowing terms as to reduce some members to tears. He next explained the advantages of non-official management, and entered into such perfect details of the scheme as to remove all doubts and fears. Besides inviting share subscriptions from all the provinces, his plan included the issue of public shares against the salt, li-kin, and other taxes forming the loan security and the levy of shares (? forced subscription by each district or class) as beneficial to officials and people alike. His lengthy speech it was not possible to record accurately, and a full report will appear later.\n\nMr. Hsia spoke briefly and forcibly, laying chief stress on the need for prompt telegraphic protests.\n\nThen Mr. Liu Keng-tsao, member from Huang-pi, in impassioned words, urged co-operation as generally most acceptable. They must, he declared, amid great applause, show their feeling by action, that is by providing funds, and called on all willing to subscribe per cent. of their salaries and allowances to stand up. Everyone rose. He went on to urge the combination of the commercial, educational, and constitutional associations with every other body into a Hupei railways general society, and invited the delegates to draft its constitution. The delegates asked the aid of the members, and the president proposed ten names as the council's delegates for founding the society. Messrs. Chang and Lu (Chiang-hsia and P'u-ch'i) agreed to bring the commercial, educational, and constitutional associations into line, and recommended Messrs. Wan and Chin to put the delegates into direct relations with them and the Hankow General Association of Commerce. The borrowing of the Educational Association's premises for the society would give it immediate existence, and prove the council worthy in zeal for public good to represent the people.\n\nThe president thereon drafted a telegram to the Board of Communications, and on the morning of the 4th called on the Viceroy to enlist his Excellency's support.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n## **CHINA RAILWAYS.**\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n141443\n\n[December 8.] R224 DEC 09\n\n347\n\nSECTION 1,\n\n[44708]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n**Sir Edward Grey to Sir C. MacDonald.**\n\n**(No. 203.)** Sir,\n\nForeign Office, December 8, 1909. THE Japanese Ambassador informed me on the 2nd instant that his Government were cordially grateful to me for the answer I had given to the United States respecting the Tsitsihar Railway. Further consideration had convinced them that the making of this line would seriously affect the South Manchurian Railway in some respects, and, though they would not oppose commercial enterprise, they thought they must have compensation in the shape of participation in the new line.\n\nThe Ambassador also told me that Mr. Yamaza, of the Japanese Embassy, had met Mr. Browne, of Pauling's, last night. Mr. Browne had said that he was very glad to have the opportunity of speaking about the proposed railway, and had asked exactly what amount of participation Japan would like. Mr. Yamaza enquired what was the amount of the loan and the conditions on which it was secured. Though it was thought that Mr. Browne must have this information, he had withheld it.\n\nI said that I was not sure that we ourselves had this information. As we had been no party to the negotiations and had not intervened in any way, I did not expect that the details had been communicated to us.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n**E. GREY.**\n\n[2538 -1]",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 155,
        "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "20\n\n\"The council approved of the survey scheme, and also of the proposal of the intendant of commerce that unowned and public woods should be first surveyed. The method of survey was left to be discussed on the second and third readings.\n\n\"The president sounded his bell, and there was an interval of twenty minutes. \"After reassembling the council discussed its temporary rules :——\n\n\"The president read out the rules as amended by the Viceroy, and enquired whether the Council had any objections to raise. He also read out the rules as he proposed to amend them and discussed them with the council.\n\n\"Prefect Yany explained why the Viceroy had made changes in the rules, and said that there was no need for the council to become suspicious. He then entered into a long and earnest discussion with the president.\n\nIt being now 5:40 the president sounded his bell and the council dispersed.\" \n\nFUKIEN.\n\nThe account below of the opening of the Fukien assembly is taken from an English newspaper published at Foochow The specimen debate and plan of the Chamber* have been furnished by Mr. Playfair, His Majesty's consul.\n\n\"The Opening of the Fukien Provincial Parliament.\n\nOpening Ceremony.\" Thursday, the 14th October, was the day set for the opening of the Parliaments in the various provinces of China.\n\n\"In Foochow the Parliament is sitting in a building which was part of the old examination hall in the north part of the city. This building has been fitted up to accommodate the Parliament until the more permanent structure is erected. The room in which the business is transacted is about 60 feet wide by 120 feet long. At the farther end as one enters are the seats for the Viceroy in the middle, for the treasurer, judge, and commissioner of education at the Viceroy's left, as he sits, and for the Tartar general and the salt commissioner on the Viceroy's right. Lower are seats for other officials.\n\n\"In front of these seats and in the centre of the room is the table, about which sit or stand the six secretaries or clerks.\n\n\"Before this table, arranged in circular form, are seated the members of the Parliament. By this arrangement the Fukien provincial officials and the members of Parliament sit facing each other, with the six secretaries between them.\n\n\"By the courtesy of the Parliament the writer received an announcement of It was 4 P.M. when he arrived. Two the opening with two tickets of admission. ushers met, as at the door and invited us to come into the visitors' gallery, which is at the opposite end from the seats for the provincial officials and facing them. The Viceroy and other officials mentioned above looked rather lonely, but as our eyes followed down the room past the secretaries table the aspect changed, for here were seated in a compact body seventy-three members out of seventy-five of Parliament. They wore the regulation official hat with the red tassel and the long official robe. Their backs were of course toward us, and it was with difficulty that we recognised those whom we knew as they rose or turned in their seats.\n\n\"The room is well lighted with glass in the roof, and is tastefully arranged. As we look up on the right wall we see the Chinese characters for 'China,' and opposite Until very recently the them on the other wall are the characters for 'Long Live.' \n\n'Emperor' was put in place of 'China.' But the people are now saying, 'Long Live China' instead of Long Live the Emperor.'\n\n\"The business of the day was organisation. The president or speaker is a Mr. Kau, from the Yeng Bing prefecture from the city Sung Chiong. He is 44 years old. There are two vice-presidents, one a Mr. Lau, from Foochow, and a Mr. Chen, from Chiang Chiu, near Amoy. Fifteen men were elected as the executive of the Parliament, who are to be in the building daily.\n\n\"The voting was done by ballot. The secretaries distributed envelopes to the members into which each member could put his vote, these were afterwards collected, counted, and the results read by one of the secretaries and also written on a small blackboard and hung up.\n\n\"Several members on being elected to the executive forthwith resigned. Otherwise all was conducted with dignity and grace. Great possibilities for usefulness\n\n*Not reproduced.\n\n21\n\nlie within the powers of this body of men. Ten years ago we had not even thought of the possibility of a constitutional Government for China. To-day the machinery is at work.\n\n\"This marks an epochal day in the history of China.' Specimen of Debate.\" Sample of debate on the establishment of schools.\n\n\"Mr. Lin Lu-ts'un: May I ask why Hsing-Hua-Fu and Chuan-chou Fu have not been included in the list of groups of towns?\n\n\"The Treasurer: These two names have been accidentally omitted and shall be added in future lists.\n\n“Mr. Lien Hsien-chi: I approve of the method of arranging town in groups; but should like to be informed whether the allocation of funds will be arranged on the same system as that applied in the case of the Government High School at Foochow.\n\n\"The Treasurer: After the regulations have been deliberated and fixed, the necessary expenditure will be estimated.\n\n\"Mr. Lien Hsien-cha: I think the estimate of expenditure should be made first. \"The Treasurer: The funds available do not exceed 50,000 dollars, which is insufficient; therefore, a new estimate must be drawn up. But the regulations must precede it.\n\n\"Mr. Lin Lu-ts'un: I propose that towns be grouped on the basis of dialects. A centre should be established at Amoy to comprise the islands in the south of the province. Thence the grouping may be extended to the various prefectures.\n\n\"The President; This proposal must be first examined and reported on by the inspectors appointed for the purpose. To this all the members gave their approval.\n\nViceroy's Message.\" This is in accordance with the regulations for the high schools promulgated in the first year of the present reign. It was provided that high schools should be established at Peking and in the various provinces. Primary schools should be started in prefectures, departments, towns, and villages. The establishment of high schools in such prefectures as do not yet possess them will be effected by the end of the year. The high school is a step above the primary school which acts as a feeder. A high school has recently been established at Foochow. At Yen-ping Fu the question of establishing a high school is under consideration by the people. High schools have been established at Chich-uing Fu, at Shao-wa Fu, at Ting-chou Fu, at Hsing-hua Fu, at Ch'uan-chou Fu, and at Yung-ch'un Chou but without much success. The high school established at Lung-yen Chou has already come to an untimely end, while that at Fu-ning Fu is not yet in working order. Such is the present state of affairs as regards the high schools. Primary schools have to be provided in two departments and in fifty-eight districts; so many in large districts; so many in small.\n\n\"In the matter of the proposed local Government Boards, the arrangements are not yet completed; the areas of the different sections have not been defined; the number of inhabitants to each section has not been reckoned; nor have the villages and towns been properly grouped. The establishment of primary schools and the allocation of funds for their up-keep is the problem before us and it is difficult. High schools are the issue of primary schools. Both together are the basis of our education scheme and with care and wisdom must the foundation be laid.\" \n\nKWANGTUNG.\n\nThe following extract is quoted from a memorandum by Mr. Lancelot Giles, of His Majesty's consulate-general at Canton :--\n\nElections.\" On the 17th July, 1909, the first ballot was held in the Yamens of the various district and department magistrates and sub-prefects. The method adopted was that any person who fell into one or other of the categories of those eligible for election circulated among the voters pamphlets expressing his desire for election. Only persons securing a vote were qualified to be voted for on the second ballot, held on the 24th August, 1909.\n\n\"The names of those who received votes at the first ballot were placarded at the Yamens of the prefects, sub-prefects, and magistrates, where the second ballot was held. Before a given date those who wished to accept their nomination had to signify their assent, otherwise they were disqualified.\n\nSecond Elections and Distribution of Seats.-\"At the second ballot ninety-four\n\nQ [2605 7--2]\n\n153",
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        "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n470\n\n$350\n\n[March 5.]\n\nP4 MPR 10 SECTION 6.\n\n[7607]\n\n(No. 18.) Sir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received March 5.)\n\nPeking, January 11, 1910. WITH reference to my telegrams Nos. 179 and 190 of the 7th November last and the 2nd ultimo respectively, I have the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of a despatch from His Majesty's consul at Wuhu respecting the Anhui Railway Company, which confirms the report that the directors of the company have resolved to raise a foreign loan for the construction of the line.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\n(No. 44.) Sir,\n\nConsul For to Sir J. Jordan,\n\nWuhu, December 30, 1909. I HAVE the honour to report that Mr. H. Berents, chief engineer of the Anhui Railway Company, left Wuhu on the 17th instant on a surveying tour through the northern part of this province.\n\nMr. Berents has instructions from the directors of the company to survey a line from Wuhu to Lu Chou-fu viâ Yün Tsao and Chao Hsien; thence to Ying Chou, in the north-west corner of the province, viâ Liuan Chou and Cheng Yang Kuan, and across the Honan border to Chou Chia Kou. He is then to return to Lu Chou-fu, and mark out a line from that place to Pu Kou, opposite Nanking. The main idea of the survey evidently is to link up the proposed Anhui lines with the Peking-Hankow and Tientsin-Pu Kou railway systems. Connection with the Chekiang railway system is arranged for by means of the Wuhu-Kuang Tê Chou line, now in course of construction.\n\nMr. Berents, who expects to spend two and a-half months on his journey, informed me before he left that the directors, after hesitating for some months with regard to this new survey, ordered him away at three days' notice, and he attributes this sudden decision on their part to the revival of negotiations for a foreign loan. The directors of the Anhui Railway Company, unwilling to admit their inability to construct the first section of the Wuhu-Kuang Tê Chou line with the funds at their disposal, now practically exhausted, are, thinks Mr. Berents, endeavouring to find a way out of the impasse in which they find themselves by borrowing money for the extension of the original line in the directions which I have indicated above. Money will, however, actually be devoted to the completion of the Wu-Kuang line, work on which has been at a standstill for the last four months.\n\nThis\n\nMy telegram to you of the 1st December was based on information supplied to me by Mr. Berents, who had heard on good authority that the Anhui gentry had at last withdrawn their opposition to a foreign loan for the construction of the provincial railways, this decision having been come to at a meeting of shareholders held at Anking on or about the 23rd November last.\n\nThe present condition of the Wu-Kuang line, which has now been over three years and a-half under construction, is briefly as follows:-\n\nSection 1. Wuhu to Wan Chih, 20 miles; embankment completed for 3 miles; partially completed for about 10 miles. Bridge over Wuhu Creek at mile 2 erected; bridge at Wan Chih ready for erection.\n\nSection 2. Wan Chih to Ningkuo-fu, 20 miles; road pegged out; construction of embankment commenced in places.\n\nSection 3. Ningkuo-fu to Kuang Tê Chou, 80 miles; road surveyed only.\n\n[2667 -6]",
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        "page_number": 291,
        "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n289\n\n# CHINA RAILWAYS\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[21457]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nC\n\n(June 16\n\n20141\n\n## SECTION 1.\n\nRece Bro2 1 J 10\n\n(No. 169.) Sir,\n\nMr. Max Müller to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received June 16.)\n\nPeking, May 27, 1910.\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 155 of the 16th instant, I have the honour to transmit herewith a copy of a despatch from His Majesty's consul-general at Mukden confirming Mr. Wilkinson's information as to the intention of the provincial authorities of Manchuria to proceed with the construction of a harbour at Hu Lu Tao on the plans submitted by Mr. Hughes.\n\nFrom a conversation I have had with Lord ffrench I gather that it is very unlikely that the American group would advance the necessary money unless the contract for the construction of the harbour were given to Messrs. Paulings. Lord ffrench knows nothing of any decision either on the part of the provincial or of the central Government to proceed with the construction of any portion of the Chinchow-Aigun Railway without awaiting the conclusion of an agreement with either Russia or Japan, and he was convinced that if any such decision had been come to the Viceroy would have let him know, and to his mind it would be curious policy to commence constructing the harbour before the question of the line was settled.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nW. G. MAX MÜLLER.\n\n### Enclosure in No. 1.\n\nConsul-General Willis to Mr. Max Müller.\n\n(No. 27. Confidential.) Sir,\n\nMukden, May 24, 1910.\n\nMR. WILLOUGHBY HUGHES, a civil engineer in the employ of the Manchurian Government called on me yesterday, and informed me that the provincial authorities had told him they were now prepared to proceed with the scheme he had drawn up for the construction of a harbour at Hu Lu Tao. Mr. Hughes estimates roughly the cost of the works at 4,000,000 taels, and for this sum he will provide wharf accommodation for sixteen steamers.\n\nFrom Mr. Hughes' observations during the past two winters it would seem that the harbour will in all probability be ice-free except for a period of from three weeks to a month from about the middle of January onward.\n\nThe money for this enterprise, Mr. Hughes thought, was to be provided by the American group represented in China by Mr. W. D. Straight, the harbour scheme being in connection with the proposed Chinchow-Aigun Railway, which the Chinese Government had now decided to build, at any rate, as far as Tao Nan Fu, leaving the question of connection with the Russian line open for discussion at a more favourable opportunity.\n\nMr. Hughes also informed me that steps were being taken to form a Chinese syndicate for the opening of coal mines at Pei Piao, about 50 miles north-east of Chinchow.\n\nFrom conversations I have had recently with the Commissioner of the Mukden Foreign Bureau I have gathered that it has been for some time past the desire of the provincial authorities to make a start on the Chinchow line without awaiting the conclusion of any agreement with either Russia or Japan, and it would appear from Mr. Hughes' information that the central Government have now been brought to acquiesce in their views.\n\nMr. Hughes, who asked that the conversation should be treated as confidential, promised that he would later send me a map showing the details of the proposed construction works at Hu Lu Tao.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nROBERT WILLIS,\n\n[2792 q-1]",
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        "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "The few travellers who have made a rapid crossing of the Salween during the dry and bright winter months have been inclined to ridicule the native traditions, which regard the river with a superstitious horror. Various colours are reported to rise in the rains, bringing death and destruction to all who are caught; monsters are believed to lurk in the waters for the unwary boatmen; and there are few who will venture near the banks when once the summer rains are set.\n\nOne needs only to see the men who pass their lives in the valley to realise that there is something in this deep, hemmed-in valley which is inimical to human life and health; their enlarged spleens, their pinched and discoloured faces, and their lifeless manner all bear traces of a constant malaria, and their report that the demon of the mists first strikes men dumb, then dooms them to a lingering death, seems a probable sign of a virulent malaria which affects the brain, and from which, in its advanced stages, there is no hope of recovery. In talking to an old Lisu, to whom I had entrusted some quinine, I ventured to suggest the theory of mosquitoes in relation to malaria, and the prophylactic properties of the tabloids of quinine; he shook his head, paid a compliment to the wisdom of the West, promised to dose himself and his people as directed, and remarked sadly that he feared those words could scarcely be relied on, that he was an old man, and that the vapours were an explanation sufficient for him.\n\n## Conclusion\n\nIn conclusion, I can only add that my visit to Pienma (Hpimaw) removes all doubt as to the reality of the raid by Tengkeng, and to the extent of the damage inflicted on the people. I trust that my action in crossing the range will not be considered in excess of my instructions, as I was faced by unexpected conditions and decided on the course which appeared to give the best hope of obtaining accurate information for His Majesty's Government without prejudice to the Chinese under whose auspices my journey was undertaken, whilst I am convinced that no information would have been available at Tengkeng. I was careful to explain to the villagers in the unadministered territory that I had no power to settle cases or to appoint headmen, and that my visit was merely for purposes of enquiry into the raid. After careful consideration, I am convinced that the Chinese exercise no sort of administrative control beyond the watershed, and that their hold over the people has considerably weakened since the report of Mr. Litton, dated the 20th May, 1905. For the past two years, there has been no payment even of the petty tolls claimed by Tengkeng, and, in the words of the villagers, the administrative efforts of his representatives have been confined to \"eating the people,\" a duty which they perform with some enthusiasm if one may judge from the list of pigs, wine, and grain entered to the account of the raiding levies, or to the official requisitions foreshadowing the advent of the magistrate of Paoshan.\n\nAt the same time, there is conclusive proof that the Chinese authorities have determined to make a last bid for control of this area, as evidenced by the visits of deputies of the Yungchang Prefect in the autumn of 1908 and during the present month; by the proclamations regarding the establishment of schools; and by the proposal to appoint headmen, for which the way was paved by the raid of the Tengkeng Sawba after his return from a visit to Yungchang; whilst additional evidence is provided by the grant of a concession in the autumn of 1909 to the Chinese trader Li Fa-ming to work salt and silver in the neighbourhood. The reasons for this sudden access of activity may, I think, be traced in part to the failing revenues of Tengkeng consequent on the prohibition of opium cultivation and their indirect effect on the income of the Paoshan magistrate and the Yungchang Prefect, but more directly to a general aggressive spirit in regard to frontier policy which owes its inception to Chin Shu-sheng, ex-Taotai of Tengyueh, and now provincial judge, and to Peng Chi-chih, the ex-Frontier commissioner, who is now Prefect of Yungchang. The effect of Tengkeng's raid has been very definite; the Pienma villagers, and in all probability those also in other parts of the unadministered territory, evidently believe that their homes are in British territory; they have resisted Tengkeng and his claims with some spirit, but they feel that he is too strong for them, and they have bowed to his present authority, as they have for the moment ceased to hope for relief from the direction of Burma.\n\nThe departure of the Paoshan magistrate, who has never before visited Tengkeng, at a time when the prefect also was absent from Yungchang, is an event of so exceptional a character that there can be no doubt of the intention of the Chinese to push the advantage by every means in their power, and I submit that there is no alternative for the Government of Burma but to arrange an administrative expedition in the early autumn, if they intend to assert their claim to the watershed boundary without an appeal to arms. I am of opinion also that, if the Chinese should successfully establish themselves in the Pienma district, they will not rest until they have pushed their outposts to the N'Maikha, or even beyond that line, and His Majesty's Government is in possession of the facts which render such a frontier undesirable. In a recent conversation, the Taotai formulated to me the belief that Great Britain had stolen from China the whole of the country of Burma, a superstition which is widely current in Yunnan, and he also spoke of the frontier as 70 or 80 miles east of the Salween-Irrawaddy watershed, which would carry back the boundary to the limits of the Irrawaddy itself, as was claimed by Sir Lo Feng Lu. In recent despatches (of the 3rd March and the 5th April, 1910) I have had the honour to bring to your attention the vigorous efforts which are being made by the Yunnanese authorities to extend their administrative border, and the claims which they have brought forward in regard to other sections of the Burma-China boundary; the line to the east of the Wa country is still unaccepted. Representatives of the Wei-hsi Ting are reported to make frequent visits to the Chiu-tzu country west of the watershed (in latitude 27-28); a number of British boundary pillars on the section between the Taping and Namting Rivers are called in question, and I respectfully submit that some action for the definite establishment of the entire frontier line will be necessary in the near future, unless the Government of Burma is willing to reopen the whole threadbare question. By the institution of a series of petty intrigues, the Chinese evidently hope for an eventual revision of the years of laborious work spent by successive frontier commissions, maintaining as their objective the acquisition of territory and outlets, which are obviously desirable for the landlocked province of Yunnan, which formed the motive and incentive of every Chinese war with the old Burmese kings, but for the attainment of which their military expeditions struggled for centuries in vain.\n\nIn Camp, April 25, 1910,\n\nARCHIBALD ROSE.\n\nTengyueh, April 30, 1910.—Since my return, I learn that the Paoshan magistrate with the Tengkeng Sawbwa and a party of about 100 men has crossed to the Pienma villages, where he has appointed headmen and distributed badges of office. Two Chinese officers with a party of twenty soldiers also left the city this morning in the direction of Mingkuang, and I understand that they have been instructed to proceed by Hparé and Lagwé to the N'Maikha River, and to enforce the submission of local headmen whenever possible.\n\n## Upper Pienma (Hpimaw)—\n\n### Enclosure 2 in No. 1\n\n## LIST of Claims against Tengkeng.\n\n  \n    \n      Claimant\n      Description\n      Taels\n    \n  \n  \n    \n      Tung La-sao and Teng Chung-tou (Headmen of Twenty houses)\n      Tengkeng and his levies\n      \n    \n    \n      1. Tung Sao-pa\n      Six houses were burned by fire. Houses, furniture, stockades, and all movable property destroyed.\n      200\n    \n    \n      2. Tung Li-sao (the headman)\n      Elis harvests had not been reaped; they were gathered and eaten by raiders. 7 pigs, a large number of chickens, and a quantity of grain.\n      10\n    \n    \n      3. Tung Pen-tang (a very old man)\n      House and furniture, sow, chickens\n      30\n    \n    \n      4. Tung So-lang (youth)\n      House and furniture, pig, 15 chickens\n      20\n    \n    \n      5. Tung Lang-tsung\n      Small house, little furniture\n      80\n    \n    \n      6. Thng Trang-sao (a woman)\n      House and furniture, 1 sow, 12 pigs\n      40\n    \n    \n      \n      House and furniture, pigs, grain\n      380\n    \n    \n      \n      \n      327\n    \n  \n\nPage 330\n\nPage 331",
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        "content_text": "4\n\n2. The Hatamen Octroi and the Diplomatic Corps.\n\nBefore 1900 octroi difficulties never arose. The only two foreign firms admitted in the capital, Kierulff and Co. and Tallieu, were supposed to provide nobody but the legations with foreign articles and provisions; therefore they obtained licences for exemption of duty from the Tien-tsin Customs Taotai whenever they applied for them.\n\nOther imports from Tien-tsin to Pekin were unimportant owing to the difficult and expensive transhipment via Tungchow. In 1889 the German firm Rodats (later on, in a letter of the 5th February, 1890, the Tsung-li Yamên was referred to as Imbeck) was admitted too. The Tsung-li Yamên limited the number of foreign firms in Peking to one for each legation possessing its own legation grounds in the city.\n\nAfter the occupation by the allied forces in 1900 the octroi station disappeared, and was not reopened till the 24th August, 1901.\n\nIn a despatch of the 30th September, 1901, Prince Ching and Li Hung-chang asked the foreign Ministers that in future licences for goods, destined for the use of the legations or legation guards, should be obtained on application by the Wai-wu Pu—Tien-tsin still being in the hands of the Powers—and that in all other cases foreign merchants who might bring in goods for sale were required, on the arrival of the goods inside the boundaries of the Hatamen station, to report at the station and pay duty.\n\nThe treaties only providing a general transit duty of 2.5 per cent. ad valorem, the Peking octroi of 3 per cent. is exceeding this rate, and makes with the Tien-tsin native customs duty of 2 per cent. a total of 5 per cent. Sir Robert Hart, asked by Baron von der Goltz about that question, declared he was going to induce the octroi station to acknowledge transit passes issued by the Maritime Customs, i.e., to be content with the 2.5 per cent. transit tax paid in the port, the transit duties of such goods to be delivered to the octroi station by the Customs. This proposal, however, was abandoned by the Chinese authorities.\n\nAt a meeting of the diplomatic body on the 12th October, 1901, it was decided that every legation should hand in the following identic reply through their interpreters:\n\n“Le 30 septembre le Prince Ching et Li Fung-chang ont fait savoir qu'ils avaient l'intention de maintenir, conformément aux usages internationaux, la franchise de l'octroi de Pékin en faveur des légations et des gardes des légations, mais que dorénavant ils ne pourraient pas accorder cette franchise aux négociants étrangers dans la ville pour les marchandises qui ne seraient pas destinées aux légations et à leurs gardes.\n\n“Je serai disposé à accéder à cette demande, pourvu que le Gouvernement chinois n'insiste pas sur la question soulevée par son Altesse le Prince Ch'ing dans la lettre du 4 octobre concernant la présence des marchands étrangers dans la ville.”\n\nThe Russian Minister, who at first had consented to the full text of this document, later on omitted the paragraph concerning the tacitly admitted residence of foreign merchants in Peking outside the legation's quarter.\n\nOn the 1st November, 1901, the Wai-wu Pu accepted this compromise in a despatch addressed to the dean of the diplomatic corps, and asked for detailed lists of the foreign merchants residing in the city and the kind of their trade.\n\nHaving been requested by the German Minister to communicate the octroi tariff to the diplomatic corps, the Wai-wu Pu answered the dean in a despatch of the 9th November, 1901, that the new tariff had not yet been fixed, and that for the time being there would be levied an octroi of 3 per cent. ad valorem.\n\nOn the 14th November, 1902, Prince Ch'ing and Grand Secretary Jung-lu, superintendents of the Hatamen octroi station, published a new octroi tariff, per yard, on all textiles entering Peking, and sent twenty-three accompanying samples of fabrics, naming the particular rate for each. This tariff was communicated directly, and not through the Wai-wu Pu; it was circulated among the foreign representatives, and its receipt acknowledged by the dean, and it has never been objected to by any legation.\n\nIn 1904 Prince Ch'ing stated in a despatch of the 22nd May, addressed to the dean, that foreign merchants trying to defraud octroi duties, in case of being taken in the act, should be liable to pay fines imposed by the octroi station. Again, no objections were made, and the dean acknowledged the receipt of the despatch.\n\nSince then the Peking octroi has been tacitly admitted by the diplomatic corps within the city walls of Peking.\n\n5\n\n3. The recent Extension of the Octroi System beyond the City Walls.\n\nBefore the construction of the Kalgan Railway the goods sent from Tien-tsin up to Kalgan, Mongolia, and Russia had to pass on camels, carts, &c., through the city of Peking, and paid the octroi at the city gates. With the gradual completion of that line, trade to Kalgan developed more and more, and increased enormously after the opening of the through traffic to Hsuan-hua-fu, and later on to Kalgan. In view of the fact that the railway does not strike the city of Peking, and to avoid consequent loss, the Hatamen octroi established a branch station at Fengtai Junction this summer, and is evidently intending to levy octroi from all Chinese and foreign goods passing there by the railway from Tien-tsin to Kalgan and other places.\n\nA complaint of the consular body in Tien-tsin laid before the diplomatic corps by the Japanese consul-general in a letter of the 13th November, 1909, states that the Peking octroi tax has been imposed on various occasions at Fengtai upon foreign goods passing that place under inward transit passes to places in the interior other than the metropolis.\n\n4. The Legal Question.\n\nIn the correspondence between the diplomatic corps and the Chinese authorities the following three questions have frequently been combined:\n\n1. The exemption from duty for articles and provisions used by the legations and legation guards.\n\n2. The fact that Peking has not yet been opened to foreign trade, and that consequently no foreign merchant has the right of residing there.\n\n3. The admissibility of the Hatamen octroi.\n\nAccording to the clear text of the different treaty stipulations any foreign merchant desiring to convey duly imported articles to any inland market may clear his goods of all transit duties by payment of a commutation transit tax equal to half of the import duty in respect of dutiable articles, and 2.5 per cent. upon the value in respect of duty-free articles; and on payment thereof certificates shall be issued which exempt the goods from all further inland charges whatsoever.\n\nThe Hatamen octroi of 3 per cent. is nothing but a common \"lo-ti\" duty which is included in the transit pass tax everywhere else in China. Therefore goods covered by transit passes of the Tien-tsin Customs should, strictly speaking, be brought into the city without paying further taxation. But the Tien-tsin Customs are by a local \"regulation\" not allowed to issue transit passes for Peking; hence foreign merchants are sometimes obliged to pay 2 per cent. at the Tien-tsin Native Customs and 3 per cent. in Peking, i.e., 5 per cent. upon the value or double the transit tax.\n\nAt present the Chinese apparently are endeavouring to extend the so-called \"boundaries of the Hatamen station as far as possible around Peking.\n\nEnclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nDean of Diplomatic Body to Prince Ching.\n\nPékin, le ... avril, 1910.\n\nPAR une lettre en date du 7 décembre, 1909, j'ai eu l'honneur de faire connaître à votre Altesse qu'ayant été saisis de plusieurs réclamations de négociants étrangers et d'une protestation du corps consulaire de Tien-tsin contre la perception, par l'octroi de Pékin, dans la capitale même, ainsi que dans différentes localités de la région, notamment à Fengtai, de taxes spéciales sur des marchandises d'importation étrangère, munies de passes de transit, les représentants des diverses Puissances se voyaient obligés de s'adresser au Wai-wu Pu, pour qu'il soit mis fin à ces abus.\n\nLe 11 décembre dernier, 29 de la 10e lune de la 1re année Siuan-t'ong, votre Altesse a bien voulu me répondre que:\n\n“La perception de taxes par l'octroi de Pékin dans les bureaux de la capitale et les diverses stations qui en dépendent au dehors, était un usage depuis longtemps existant et qu'il ne semblait pas que de nouveaux droits aient été établis.”\n\nPage 394",
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        "page_number": 414,
        "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[24980]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n411\n\n[July 11.1923]\n\nSECTION 1\n\nRec'd JUL 10\n\n(No. 163,) Sir,\n\nMr. Max Müller to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received July 11,)\n\nPeking, May 24, 1910.\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 123 of the 25th ultimo, I have the honour to transmit to you herewith a summary of the principal articles and items of interest which have appeared in the native press of Peking during the month of April, prepared by Mr. Phillips, assistant Chinese secretary.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nW. G. MAX MÜLLER.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nSummary of the Peking Press for April 1910.\n\nTHE month under review has on the whole been an uneventful one as regards items of news to be found in the daily press of Peking, and it is as difficult as ever to extract the truth from the many false reports which find their way into print. The \"Peking Daily News\" still maintains its anti-British tone, but this is hardly to be wondered at in view of the fact that this paper is controlled by a clique of American-educated Cantonese—several being secretaries in the Wai-wu Pu—who are hand-and-glove with Mr. Ohl, the correspondent of the \"New York Herald.\"\n\nA short résumé of some of the more interesting topics touched on during the month is given below.\n\nRailways.\n\nHupei.—Since permission was given to the Hupei delegates to form a company to collect share capital, the papers have asserted that several thousand shares were at one time being taken up daily in Peking, and that in Hupei the keenness to subscribe is so great that in poor districts the people are selling the very clothes off their backs to buy shares. The \"Peking Daily News\" states that the real reason why the board replied favourably to the petition of the Hupei delegates was that a large number of shares had been taken up by soldiers, some of whom were also founders of the Railways' Aid Society at Hankow; further, that a telegram was received from the acting Hupei Viceroy that a mutiny was to be feared if the board persisted in their refusal.\n\nAn enthusiastic reception was given to the delegates by several thousands of people on their return to Hankow. Further, on another occasion, popular feeling showed itself when a crowd of some hundred men assaulted a minor official of the Board of Communications, by name Yang Tu, on the British concession at Hankow. It appears that this official had incurred the wrath of the Hupei delegates by presenting a counter-proposal that the Canton-Hankow Railway be officially controlled. Yang Tu was eventually rescued by the municipal police.\n\nTien-tsin-Pukow Railway.—It is stated that Lu Ten-Hua, general manager of the northern section of the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway, has been deprived of his post for corrupt practices, and that Jen Feng-Pao, the official sent to investigate the charges against him, has been appointed in his place.\n\nChangchun Kirin Railway.—The route of this railway has now been decided. It is expected that in order to establish the junction with the South Manchurian Railway, the terminus will be located inside the Changchun station compound. The length of the line will be 80 miles. Two tunnels will have to be bored and three bridges constructed, but notwithstanding these obstacles, it is hoped that the work can be completed in accordance with the original programme, viz., 30 miles during the present year and 50 miles next year.\n\nAntung-Mukden Railway.—Reports still continue to come in from the Antung-Mukden Railway zone not altogether of a reassuring nature. The fact that the\n\n[2827 -1]",
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    {
        "id": 429134,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 475,
        "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nC O\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\n24838\n\n[June 27.]\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nRECR\n\nSECTION 3.\n\nREGP 12 AUG 10\n\n[23159]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nMemorandum on Military Affairs on the Chinese Frontier of Burmah, with Available Forces and Possible Lines of Advance, supplementary to Mr. Rose's despatch from Tengyuch of April 30, 1910.—(Received June 27.)\n\nIN the event of a British administrative expedition entering the territory to the west of the Irrawaddy-Salween divide, there would be a possibility of resistance from four directions, namely:-\n\n1. From the natives of the country, who are mainly Lashi-Kachins;\n\n2. From the Lisu and Lisu-Chinese retainers of the various chiefs, or \"fu-yis,\" on whose behalf claims to villages in the unadministered territory have been put forward by the Chinese authorities;\n\n3. From the \"Green Banner\" troops stationed in and around Tengyueh; and 4. From the newly-raised and foreign-drilled troops quartered at Talifu.\n\n1. In regard to the first, the records of Mr. H. F. Hertz, C.I.E., of the late Mr. Litton, and Mr. Leveson (see printed copy of \"Report on Joint Survey of Yunnan Boundary, 1905\"), and the information gathered during my recent journey to Pienma, bear strong evidence that any such obstruction would be unlikely. The people in the unadministered territory do not conceal their conviction that they are in no sense subject to China; they have expressed an earnest desire for British administration, and there is undoubtedly a widespread resentment against the Chinese in consequence of the recent raid.\n\n2. From the second group there is a possibility of resistance, and it is against this that the greatest precautions appear necessary. When passing through Mingkuang in April last the people spoke openly of the attack on Mr. Hertz's expedition in 1899–1900, stating that they had been ordered by the Tengyueh authorities to \"harry and oppose\" the British, but that they had received no assistance from the Chinese, either in the way of funds or arms, and evidently considered that they had been badly treated. It is probable that, under the leadership of the energetic chief Tso Ehr-kuan, they had then anticipated a campaign of plunder and material benefits, but it is unlikely that they will be anxious to repeat the experiences of 1900. The present chiefs are all weak and opium-sodden, and there is no one in the Lisu ranks with the personality of Tso Ehr-kuan.\n\nThe Tengkeng chief, on the other hand, has at his call a wilder and more formidable force, which could be raised from among the Black Lisu cross-bowmen of the Upper Salween. He was able to collect about 500 men for his recent raid on Hpimaw (Pienma), and his followers have returned home full of victory and plunder, so that they would probably join willingly in another expedition. The Têngkeng \"fu-yi\" is supported by his relatives and neighbours of Lu-ku, Lao-wo, and Mao-chao, who might together raise a considerable force if ordered to do so by the Chinese. They would be armed with cross-bows and poisoned arrows, dhas and spears, with a few cheek-guns, if powder was forthcoming from the Chinese. They have a great reputation as warriors, and many of them show fine marksmanship with their cross-bows, but they take cover at the least sign of trouble, and, from my experience of them, they have neither the courage nor the spirit of the Kachin.\n\nThe \"Fu-yis\" Tsai of Tien-tang, Yang of Lower Mingkuang, Tso of Upper Mingkuang, and the headmen of Tatang, might combine to form an expedition if severe pressure were applied by the Chinese, but they are weak and poverty-stricken, with but a shadow of power in their own districts, and they would be incapable of acting except under direct Chinese organisation. The Lisu population in their valleys has, moreover, been absorbed to a great extent during the past ten years, and the border inhabitants are now mainly pure or half-bred Chinese farmers, who would be very unwilling to adventure their bodies in a vain search for honourable advancement.\n\nIt is impossible to estimate the numbers which could be put into the field by\n\n[2788 dd--3]\n\n472",
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    {
        "id": 429600,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 337,
        "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n336\n\n4\n\nwill wish, under present circumstances, to be involved in the discussion of a side issue provided it is possible to avoid it. With the new Sungari regulations a fait accompli, a modus vivendi in respect of the Aigun regulations should, with a little give and take, not be difficult to secure.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nH. E. SLY.\n\nP.S.-Since writing the above, I have been informed by a member of a local British firm that the Amur Steam-ship Company, a British company registered in London, which has for some years past been running a steam-ship service on the Amur for the carriage of goods only, is now in liquidation. It possesses twelve first-class steam tug-boats and about twelve steel lighters, 75 feet length, of which it now seeks to dispose.\n\n0\n\nH. E. S.\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[37193]\n\n[October 13.]\n\nSECTION\n\nNo. 1.\n\n34588\n\nMr. Max Müller to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received October 13.)\n\nREC REG 11 NOV 10.\n\n(No. 332.) Sir,\n\nPeking, September 22, 1910.\n\nIn his general report for the year 1908, Sir John Jordan mentioned that an internal loan had been authorised for the purpose of supplying the deficit which would result from applying a portion of the Anglo-French loan of 5,000,000l., raised for the redemption of the Peking-Hankow Railway, to other \"productive purposes.” He added that the project came to naught, and that the Board of Communications found themselves obliged to raise the necessary funds by borrowing in silver, at 7 per cent., from various foreign banks.\n\nThe loan above referred to, which received Imperial sanction on the 8th October, 1908, was for 10,000,000 dollars, bearing interest at 7 per cent. per annum and redeemable in twelve years. Bearer bonds of 100 dollars each were to be issued, which would entitle the holder to a 25 per cent. share in the net profits of the Peking-Hankow Railway. Beyond the fact that bonds to the value of some 500,000 dollars were subscribed by Chinese officials in Peking, and that the foreign banks in China had refused to undertake the flotation of the loan, nothing more was heard of the matter until a few weeks ago, when a rumour became current that the Board of Communications, finding themselves face to face with the necessity of providing a sum of at least 2,500,000 dollars for urgently-needed repairs to the Lu-Han line, had arranged to borrow from a Japanese group, represented by Mr. E. F. Birchal, a sum of 10,000,000 dollars—in other words, that they had at last succeeded in floating the loan above described.\n\nThis rumour was in part confirmed on the 17th September, when the agent of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank in Peking received a telegram from London stating that the London City and Midland Bank, acting on behalf of Messrs. Dunn, Fischer, and Co., of Threadneedle Street, E.C., and by arrangement with the Board of Communications in Peking, were about to float a loan for 450,000l., the equivalent, at a fixed rate of 100 dollars = 9l., of 5,000,000 dollars. The bonds, of a face value of 9l., would be issued at 108, the board receiving 97 or 97l. 3s., the difference to go to defraying the expenses of flotation. Interest was to be at 7 per cent. per annum, and the bonds were to carry a 25 per cent. share in the net profits of the Lu-Han Railway.\n\nFrom another source I learn that a further loan of 2,500,000 dollars has been placed in Japan, also on a gold basis (88 yen = 100 dollars) and under similar conditions, and that the balance of 2,000,000 dollars will not be issued for the present.\n\nThe moving spirit in the flotation is, I am informed, the Director-General of Railways, Liang Shih-yi.\n\nWhere questions of Chinese finance are concerned prophesies are notoriously apt to fail, but there appears to be a consensus of opinion among foreigners well qualified to judge that the issue of this loan is a measure financially unsound, which is likely to have a prejudicial effect on China's credit.\n\nIf the Chinese Government, whose credit has hitherto been so good that they have been able to borrow money to an almost unlimited extent in the markets of the world at 5 per cent. interest on production of reasonable security, deliberately turn aside and endeavour to obtain money on practically no security at all, for which they naturally have to pay a higher rate of interest, they inevitably arouse suspicions as to their financial standing, and thereby seriously compromise their powers of borrowing. The present moment is, moreover, a peculiarly inopportune one for making a departure from traditional methods of finance, in view of the fact that 3,000,000l. worth of the 5 per Cent. Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway Loan will in a few days probably be placed on the London and Berlin markets.\n\nWhile it is undoubtedly true that the Chinese Government and people are showing increasing signs of resentment at what they consider the harsh and\n\n[2948 n-1]",
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    {
        "id": 429695,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 432,
        "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "The river presented no serious obstacles as we proceeded, though at one point it narrowed between limestone boulders, impassable: but, as we neared, it was apparent that there was a narrow winding channel through the limestone ridges which jutted across the river from either bank. The Fu-po-t'an or Ta-t'an is a succession of three bad rapids separated by lesser rapids, with a total length of about 3 miles. This rapid forms the greatest danger to navigation on the West River for steamers or junks during the low-water season. In the lowest rapid, called 'The Ploughshare' from its shape, the peril is the rock known as Kua Tai, so called presumably because the rudder hangs round the bank. The channel is 24 feet wide. In the middle rapid the Ch'a Lu rock is the danger, and our boat actually struck this a slanting blow which stove in a plank. In the upper rapid there are two channels, the right-hand being the easier. Steaming our best—9 knots—and with six of the crew poling their hardest with long bamboo shoulder poles we just, but only just, ascended it.\n\nAt the top of the Fu-po-t'an stands the Drum Rock in the stream. Just above on the left bank is the fine temple, Fu-po-miao. We saluted the temple with three blasts, and received a salvo of five crackers in return, while the boat's crew bowed politely in certain anticipation of favours to come. It is curious to relate that descending in December 1909 by native boat, the strong wind drove us against the Ch'a Lu rock. The stern grounded with our bows still in the channel of the furious current. The skill of the pilot and the coolness of the crew extricated the boat from a seemingly hopeless position. Two special pilots, at 4d. each, had been taken for the run through the rapid. It has been proposed to improve the Pan-t'an and the Ta-t'an.\n\nMr. Eldridge, of Imperial Maritime Customs, was sent up to survey and report. I understand that he believes the Pan-t'an could be made safe by the expenditure of 100,000 taels. He appears to be doubtful about interfering with the Ta-t'an, unless the Provincial authorities are prepared to spend a large sum of money. Bearing in mind the fact that it is hazardous to interfere with \"living water,\" I believe that the upper parts of the Ta-t'an could be improved by some blasting. The lower and most dangerous bit—'The Ploughshare'—would undoubtedly cost a very large sum of money, as it requires blasting over a wide area, and embankments would be needed in order to train the channel, which might otherwise silt up.\n\nTwenty-seven miles above Nanning is the Kam-ling rapid, which is difficult to pass, with this exception, the river presents no serious difficulties to steam navigation, in so far as rapids go, although at dead low-water season (January) the channels are narrow and shallow, in many places 2 feet deep only. It is very probable, however, that a small motor boat, 60 feet long, could run with profit and little risk from April to December. High speed is unnecessary anywhere along the West River. I estimate that the rate of the fastest rapid between Wuchow and Pose at any time of the year does not exceed 9 knots. It does not follow, however, that a boat doing 12 knots could surmount this rapid. The rapids are generally formed by the narrowing of the river-bed by rocks and shingle banks. The surface of the water is forced into a tongue. The greatest speed is at the tip of the tongue or lower end, but it is the base or upper end which the steamer finds so difficult to ascend. The reason is, I think, because the tongue is an inclined plane of water, and, should the stretch above the rapid be wide and deep, the volume of the water pouring down the rapid is sufficient to check the passage of any craft trusting to speed alone. What is required is a lifting power to raise the boat up the inclined plane of water. This would be supplied either by a hawser fastened to a rock above the rapid or to a point on shore, or if the water be sufficiently shallow to allow of them by shoulder poles pushed by the crew on board.\n\nIn the West River the water is comparatively shallow. This explains the use of the narrow platforms running all round the boats. In the Yang-tsze rapids the water is deeper, and the boats do not therefore carry the platform. Generally speaking, the rapids on the West River, with the exception of the Ta-t'an and perhaps the Pan-t'an at dead low water, are nothing like as formidable to negotiate as the worst rapids on the stretch between Ichang and Chungking.\n\nNanning, the most important town in the province of Kuanghsi from a commercial point of view, lies on the north bank of the river 330 miles (1,105 li) above Wuchow. The town was formally opened to trade and a branch of the Imperial Maritime Customs established there at the beginning of 1907. During my visit in January 1907 work was in full swing on the new settlement located about a mile below the city. The business quarter is above the city. The ground had been levelled, roads marked out and sites ready for apportionment; 600 coolies were busily engaged in building the bund. The location of the settlement was chosen on the advice of the Imperial Maritime Customs. The situation, however, is unfortunate, not only on account of its distance from the business quarter, but also on account of the attacks of the river at high water. As a matter of fact, the ancient town stood much in the position occupied by the settlement and appears to have been removed on account of the subsidence of the river banks. In August 1907 the bund collapsed. It has been temporarily patched up again, but it is doubtful if it will stand the attacks of the river for any length of time. The Chinese Settlement Land Office has been built and there is a flimsy mat-shed erection of a Chinese theatre. There are no other buildings in the settlement. The Commissioner of Customs lives in the Land Office. Last summer he found some difficulty in procuring an adequate supply of tubs in which to catch the rain-water as it leaked through the roof. The treasurer of the province who, during his secret investigations of the secret societies at Nanning, was temporarily occupying the ground floor complained that the rain, which had soaked the upper floors, dripped on to him below; 120,000 taels is the sum mentioned to me as having been frittered away on the scheme. The total absence of Chinese merchants is a melancholy illustration of their want of confidence in their own officials.\n\nThe trade of Nanning has slowly but steadily increased during the last three years, and there appears reason to hope it will develop more freely.\n\nLungchou.—Lungchou, the treaty port on the Kuanghsi-Tongking frontier, appears to be an absolute failure from a commercial point of view. I was assured by a competent authority that there is not sufficient trade to keep one junk in constant employment between Lungchou and Nanning. Lungchou is on the Tso-chiang, the southern branch of the West River. The journey is about ten days by junk. The port was visited in 1908 by a British and subsequently by a German gun-boat. The junction of the Tso-chiang with the West River is at San-chiang-k'ou. A Chinese fort is being erected at this point. It is proposed to station 250 men there, ostensibly as a guard against pirates but really, extraordinary as the idea may be, as an advanced post of Nanning in case of a sudden inroad of French troops.\n\nThe foreign trade of Nanning, and the native, too, except that of a local and petty description, is in the hands of the Cantonese merchants at Nanning. The Chamber of Commerce is very influential, and controls public opinion. A recent meeting of this body presided over by the taotai and attended by all the officials, will serve to show that Nanning is becoming Cantonised. A young Cantonese merchant, in reply to the taotai's speech, which contained suggestions for the development of commercial prosperity, declared openly that the best method was for the officials to leave the merchants alone. Everyone knew, he said, that the aim of the officials was to get office, and fill their money-bags at the expense of the merchants and the people. The meeting broke up in some confusion. It is tolerably certain that three years ago no Nanning merchant would have dared to have been so presumptuously outspoken. In the Chamber of Commerce a scroll has been hung in a conspicuous place. The scroll is inscribed with the text of the governor's telegram repudiating the action of the magistrate, a Cantonese, in having compelled a Cantonese merchant to kneel before him. The magistrate was transferred, and the Nanning Chamber of Commerce called upon other Cantonese to disown him as a fellow-provincial. It is noteworthy that a telegram received from the Tien-tsin Chamber of Commerce urging steps to be taken to assist in the redemption of the foreign indemnities did not even come up for discussion in the Nanning Chamber of Commerce. The merchants appeared to be unwilling to withdraw capital from their provincial trade in order to finance a loan the interest on which would be repaid to them by means of additional burdens on trade.\n\nTrade. The principal exports of Kuanghsi are essential oils (aniseed and cassia), oil (groundnut, tea, and wood), hides, star aniseed, groundnuts, cattle and pigs, indigo, raw silk, and timber.\n\nThe principal imports are cotton yarn, cotton piece goods, kerosene oil, sugar, and Chinese tobacco.\n\nThe increase in the cultivation of groundnuts and mulberry trees is very marked, especially in the country between Nanning and Wuchow.\n\nThe ruined towns on the banks of the West River testify to the flourishing trade before the Taiping rebellion, and the Mahommedan rebellion in Yünnan.\n\nTin mines to the west of Wuchow are doing well, and if only the officials will abstain from interference, Chinese capitalists at Hong Kong and elsewhere will proceed to develop other mines. There are gold mines near En-lun-hsien.\n\nThe increased security of life and property along the river route, together with the increase in population and cultivation combine to improve the future prospects of the West River route. I was impressed by the marked improvement in the efficiency...\n\nPage 431",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-381 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 237,
        "title": "CO129-381 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "## Financial problems of new government are chief danger to public peace.\n\nThey have to fulfil so many promises to so many creditors.\n\nTu Tu has issued a proclamation inviting subscriptions to enable the new government to carry on. Their funds at present, as far as one can ascertain, are between $100,000 and $1,000,000. They have received a severe, albeit temporary, blow to revenue through burning of the land deeds in Treasurer's office.\n\nEngineer in chief of Chinese Canton-Kowloon Railway went to inspect line with or Chunɛ, delegate of new government. They were held up and turned back by an armed mob at Cheklung and their escort of 46 soldiers fired. Presumably they were creatures of the present government.\n\nMaritime Customs hoisted the new flag afloat. Commissioner explained that it was 'difficult to carry on routine work in obedience of any national emblem'.\n\nGeneral Lung makes overtures to H.M. Consul General with regard to his leaving Canton.\n\n### Tuesday, November 14th\n\nFighting at Lamchun, the railway station on the British frontier. British troops have been sent there from Hongkong.\n\nFriction between new model troops and Lu's men; occasional street fighting. Tu Tu wishes to disband the former, but on advice of Gulde, he calls them to Provincial Assembly and addresses them in flattering terms. Proclaims he has now sufficient troops. During past five days, he has supplied a constant stream of vagabonds from the country with arms.\n\nA delegate of new government sent down to Cheklung with $40,000 to placate the mob who opposed running of trains.\n\nGovernment funds running short. Scheme cursed by Guilds for raising $5,000,000 loan.\n\nFrench Consul has sent priest to visit Tu Tu and express hope, in rather humble way, that he will continue to afford protection.",
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    {
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 171,
        "title": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "**AFFAIRS OF CHINA.**\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n[37193]\n\nC\n\n[October 13.]\n\n1168\n\n## SECTION 2.\n\nREGE 13 JAN 11 No. 1.\n\nMr. Max Müller to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received October 13.)\n\n(No. 332.)\n\nPeking, September 22, 1910.\n\nSir,\n\nIN his general report for the year 1908, Sir John Jordan mentioned that an internal loan had been authorised for the purpose of supplying the deficit which would result from applying a portion of the Anglo-French loan of 5,000,000l., raised for the redemption of the Peking-Hankow Railway, to other \"productive purposes.\" He added that the project came to naught, and that the Board of Communications found themselves obliged to raise the necessary funds by borrowing in silver, at 7 per cent., from various foreign banks.\n\nThe loan above referred to, which received Imperial sanction on the 8th October, 1908, was for 10,000,000 dollars, bearing interest at 7 per cent. per annum and redeemable in twelve years. \"Bearer\" bonds of 100 dollars each were to be issued, which would entitle the holder to a 25 per cent. share in the net profits of the Peking-Hankow Railway. Beyond the fact that bonds to the value of some 500,000 dollars were subscribed by Chinese officials in Peking, and that the foreign banks in China had refused to undertake the flotation of the loan, nothing more was heard of the matter until a few weeks ago, when a rumour became current that the Board of Communications, finding themselves face to face with the necessity of providing a sum of at least 2,500,000 dollars for urgently-needed repairs to the Lu-Han line, had arranged to borrow from a Japanese group, represented by Mr. E. F. Birchal, a sum of 10,000,000 dollars—in other words, that they had at last succeeded in floating the loan above described.\n\nThis rumour was in part confirmed on the 17th September, when the agent of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank in Peking received a telegram from London stating that the London City and Midland Bank, acting on behalf of Messrs. Dunn, Fischer, and Co., of Threadneedle Street, E.C., and by arrangement with the Board of Communications in Peking, were about to float a loan for 450,000l., the equivalent, at a fixed rate of 100 dollars = 91l., of 5,000,000 dollars. The bonds, of a face value of 91l., would be issued at 108, the board receiving 97 or 97¼, the difference to go to defraying the expenses of flotation. Interest was to be at 7 per cent. per annum, and the bonds were to carry a 25 per cent. share in the net profits of the Lu-Han Railway.\n\nFrom another source I learn that a further loan of 2,500,000 dollars has been placed in Japan, also on a gold basis (88 yen = 100 dollars) and under similar conditions, and that the balance of 2,000,000 dollars will not be issued for the present.\n\nThe moving spirit in the flotation is, I am informed, the Director-General of Railways, Liang Shih-yi.\n\nWhere questions of Chinese finance are concerned prophesies are notoriously apt to fail, but there appears to be a consensus of opinion among foreigners well qualified to judge that the issue of this loan is a measure financially unsound, which is likely to have a prejudicial effect on China's credit.\n\nIf the Chinese Government, whose credit has hitherto been so good that they have been able to borrow money to an almost unlimited extent in the markets of the world at 5 per cent. interest on production of reasonable security, deliberately turn aside and endeavour to obtain money on practically no security at all, for which they naturally have to pay a higher rate of interest, they inevitably arouse suspicions as to their financial standing, and thereby seriously compromise their powers of borrowing. The present moment is, moreover, a peculiarly inopportune one for making a departure from traditional methods of finance, in view of the fact that 3,000,000l. worth of the 5 per Cent. Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway Loan will in a few days probably be placed on the London and Berlin markets.\n\nWhile it is undoubtedly true that the Chinese Government and people are showing increasing signs of resentment at what they consider the harsh and \n\n[2958 n-2]\n\n169",
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    {
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        "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 168,
        "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "# SKETCH MAP \nto show \n## SUGGESTED LINES OF DEMARCATION \nof the \n### BURMA-CHINA BORDER.\n\nT IBET \n28°N \n\nBrahmakund \nLobit R \n15220' \nSati \nWalung \nRima \nShirong \n“Nam Kiu“ Mts \n2 \nDaphapan \nR.. \nDapha Bum \n-227° \n26 \nDihing R. \nHukong Valley \nManse \nH \na \nx \nPatau \nTalo R \n. Intaw \n.Kachala \n98 \n\nam Kiu or Malihka \n+ \nChiama Ngu Chu \nSor Salween R, \n-Chin Chiang \nU t.z \nkhanung \nNmai Hka \nButang \nNakalo \nDa Chu or Mekong R. \n\nDOKERLA \nChamutong \nMeh Hka \n1360 \nTowgaw \n12800 \nMakuan \n-25 \n\n| Description | Line |\n| --- | --- |\n| Frontier line already demarcated. | va vam van man van. |\n| Ideal line onwards (taking in all the upper basin of the Irrawady). |  |\n| This is the line laid down by Sir E. Satow. \"As far as the confines of Tibet\" |  |\n| Suggested modified line. | Ditto. |\n| Line claimed by Wai Wu Pa | RL 'LT FROM |\n| Line suggested by Tavtai Shih. in 1905. |  |\n| Line said to be now claimed by Mr. Hsia. | (Foreign Affairs Bureau, Yünnanfu.) |\n| Limit of British “administered territory,\" |  |\n\nIRRAWA \nTAPINGA \nKa \n*Laika \nMYITKYINA \nSima \nManyun. \nTaping \nSadon \nn \nNai \nKha \nWanghte \nManung Pum \nChan-baity \nΚαι \nMe Sih Ho \nMien Chin Meng Peng \nTENG YUEK Ting \nMONG HUM \nMONG YANG \n(100.4111.1380)F0.1974 63 China \n\nOBHAMO \nAtuntzu \nnma) \nTêng \nKAO LI \nLu Chiang or Salweed R. \nh \nu \na \nYangtse \nYei Chih \nWEI-HSI-TING \n\n# \nn \n100° \n165 \nN \nYangtse R \nN \nCHIEN CHUAN CHOU \n\nப \n29 \n\n28 \n27 \nLI-CHIANG \nล \nHO CHING CHOU \n虫 \n269 \nTeng Chuan u \nYUN LUNG CHOU \nTALIFU l \nKai t'ou \nK \n20 \nScale of miles. \nHKWAN \nLung Chuan \nChế tạng \nMONG \nMeng-ka \nNASANJA & Dand, 1,19 as MAPPING LAYEW,C \n\nen R \nLung-Ling-Ting, \nYUNG-CHANG FU \nm \n• Yao Kuan \nYu-tien \nHAI \nHsia kuan \nChao Chou \nTameng-tung SHUN NING FU \nEYUN CHOU \n\n(Signed) **M. E. Willoughby, Lt.-Colonel, Military Attaché, Peking- 8th March, 1911.** \n25",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 273,
        "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "## 269 \n\n2 \n\nbe content on this point to defer to the views of Sir J. Jordan, whose communication to the Wai-wu Pu, as reported in his despatch No. 85, dated the 24th February, 1911, has his Lordship's entire approval. In any case, Lord Morley would suggest that, before proceeding to offer to the Chinese Government the alternative frontier indicated in the Viceroy's telegram of the 26th March, Sir J. Jordan should refer the matter to His Majesty's Government for further instructions.\n\nAs regards the Chinese request for the withdrawal of our troops, it will be seen from the Viceroy's telegrams of the 19th and 29th March, 1911, that it is impracticable, for climatic reasons, for Mr. Hertz's party to remain at Htawgaw later than the middle of April. In the circumstances, it seems very undesirable that the news of the retirement of the party should reach the Chinese Government in a form that can lead them to interpret it as a disposition on our part to comply with their demands, since this would inevitably make them more difficult to deal with. I am therefore to suggest that they should be informed that His Majesty's Government reserve to themselves entire freedom to move their officers into and out of the country at their discretion. The draft of a telegram which Lord Morley proposes to address to the Government of India is enclosed herewith, for Sir E. Grey's concurrence.*\n\nAs regards the suggestion of the Chinese Government that the question should, as a last resort, be referred to arbitration, Lord Morley is not in a position to offer any opinion as to the precedents quoted in the final paragraph of Sir J. Jordan's telegram of the 13th March. But he would strongly deprecate the proposal on general grounds, both as undesirable in itself and as impracticable, regard being had to the nature of the evidence on which the respective claims are based.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Telegraphic.) P. R. RITCHIE.\n\n## Enclosure 1 in No. 1\n\n**Government of India to Viscount Morley**\n\nMarch 16, 1911. Government regarding\n\nFOLLOWING telegram received from Burmah Hpimaw ---- \n\n\"We are submitting by this mail to Government of India full report by Mr. Hertz as to Chinese claims in unadministered territory and as to terms on which negotiations for frontier line might be conducted. Mr. Hertz proposes that rights of Chinese in Gawlam, Kangfang, and Hpimaw groups of villages should be purchased, or that tract of country in which these villages are situated should be leased from China. He suggests as a third alternative that watershed boundary should be so modified as to leave these villages to China. Modified line proposed by Hertz follows a high range of mountains (through which the River Ngawchang flows in a narrow defile) from the point where it diverges from the main watershed to the point where it again merges in the main watershed, north of Kangfang. If arrangements cannot be made to lease the tract, this modified line would, in Lieutenant-Governor's opinion, be a suitable boundary. Hertz's report makes it clear that, apart from above-mentioned groups of villages, Chinese have no claim to any areas west of watershed.\"\n\nOn receipt of Hertz's report we will furnish our views on Burmah Government's telegram, as well as upon telegram dated the 13th instant from His Majesty's Minister at Peking.\n\n(Telegraphic.)\n\nP.\n\n## Enclosure 2 in No. 1\n\n**Government of India to Viscount Morley**\n\nMarch 19, 1911.\n\nHPIMAW expedition: See my telegram dated the 16th instant. Telegram from Government of Burmah states that it is advisable that Hertz's party should leave Htawgaw not later than the 10th proximo, and that it is impossible for them, owing to weather conditions, to stay there after the 20th idem at the latest. Lieutenant-Governor considers that Hertz and military police should return early in April to Nangu, and that wing of 89th Punjabis, who are road-making between Chiglai and Htawgaw, should withdraw to the same place at end of present month.\n\nI propose in the circumstances to authorise carrying out of movements.\n\n## Enclosure 3 in No. 1\n\n**Viscount Morley to Government of India**\n\n(Telegraphic.) P.\n\nIndia Office, March 21, 1911. PLEASE refer to your telegram dated 19th instant as to Hpimaw expedition. I propose to await views as to boundary question, promised in your telegram dated 16th instant, before considering question of future movements of Hertz. He should remain at Htawgaw in the meantime.\n\n## Enclosure 4 in No. 1\n\n**Government of India to Viscount Morley**\n\n(Telegraphic.) P.\n\nMarch 26, 1911. PLEASE refer to my telegram dated the 16th instant. It appears from report by Mr. Hertz to hand that, apart from Hpimaw, Gawlam, and Kangfang groups, Chinese have no claim to villages west of watershed; and definite and final repudiation of contention of Chinese should, in opinion of Lieutenant-Governor of Burmah, now be made. Hertz states, with regard to Gawlam, Hpimaw, and other villages on upper waters of Ngawchang River, that Chief of Lungpang at one time exercised authority over these villages, but that villagers have for many years paid tribute to Chief of Tengkeng, since the time when they invoked the latter's assistance as result of quarrel with Lungpang. Villagers have also adopted habits and customs of Chinese to some extent. Lieutenant-Governor is disposed to accept view of Mr. Hertz that we should accept claim of Chinese to these villages. Monetary compensation for surrender of their rights in tract is not likely, his Lordship understands from Peking telegram dated the 14th ultimo, to be agreed to by Chinese Government. Advantage of a lease, he points out, would be that measures already taken towards administration of tract would not have to be rescinded, and that the main watershed could be followed as the boundary line throughout. Lieutenant-Governor suggests, however, that modified boundary suggested by Hertz, excluding villages under discussion from our side, should be accepted without hesitation, if the Chinese do not agree to a lease. Following is modified boundary proposed:---\n\n| Detail | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Starting point | Manang Bum in latitude 25° 33′ north |\n| Initial direction | Crest of watershed range between the Taping and Shweli (Lu Chiang) Rivers with their tributaries, to the south, and the N'Maikha River, with its tributaries, to the north |\n| First landmark | Peak marked Hsi Chiang Ho Shan 12,000 feet on the Survey of India map, east of the village of Upper Hpare, and near the sources of the Mangshang Kha |\n| Direction change | Northward to another peak, by name Sanhko Bum, 12,800 feet, east of Lagwi (Tzu Chu) village |\n| Further direction | Northward, crossing the river Ngawchang at gorge between junction of Hiangjam (Hpimaw) and Ngawchang (Hsiao Chiang) streams and village of Chikgaw (Chi-ka) |\n| Landmark | Range which separates the drainage of the Hpienlaw Kha on the west from that of river Ngawchang and its tributaries on the east |\n| Further direction | Along watershed dividing streams flowing westwards into country of Mars from those flowing eastwards into the Ngawchang River |\n| Further direction | Along range above the Yawyen village of Wulaw (Lao-wu-lu) forming northern watershed of river Ngawchang, and eastward by Wulaw pass until, at about latitude 26° 18', the great divide between the Salween and Irrawaddy is reached |\n\nIt is suggested by Hertz that His Majesty's Government should move the Chinese Government to agree to the main watershed as boundary beyond this point as ... \n\n* Printed in `[12691]`. \n\n3 \n\n## B 2",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 451,
        "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "## \nis unafordable from Tangtung village downwards, flows in a deep gorge through this mountain-chain. Navigation is unthinkable in connection with this river, and it is only in a few places that a raft or boat could live on it.\n\nThe height of the Wulaw pass through which the proposed line passes is estimated at 9,000 feet, and as this apparently is the lowest point in the whole chain, the range is nearly as high as the main divide. There are no roads of any sort across it except a very difficult one going westward from somewhere below the village of Wulu (Lao Wulu) and the one that leads over the Wulaw pass. The only vulnerable point, therefore, is the above-mentioned gorge, which Major #french-Mullen, who is commanding my escort, thinks it would be more difficult to force if held in strength than any of the passes over the Salween watershed. The range is thus a very formidable barrier. That officer also agrees with me that it would be just as easy to defend this line as the other, perhaps easier, and it will give us a boundary that will preclude the possibility of further dispute with the Chinese. On the other hand, if the divide is the frontier, we should possess two lines of defence at this point instead of one.\n\n## \n\nIt would doubtless add somewhat to our prestige if we could retain Hpimaw, as we have claimed it, and it might detract from our prestige slightly if we gave it up. But I think the latter difficulty could be got over by arranging a friendly meeting between the local officials when the boundary is finally accepted by the two Governments, at which the local people would be informed that each side is making concessions to the other; the Chinese are giving up their claim to Hparè, Lagwi, Gawyawn, and Chikgaw, and we, on the other hand, are surrendering ours to Hpimaw, Tangtung, Gawlam, Kangfang, and the Lisu villages north of Kangfang, together with the forests of shamu trees from which the coffin-wood, which the Chinese value so much, is obtained. If this is done, it will also help to save the \"face\" of the Chinese, and would no doubt be a most acceptable arrangement to them. The frontier could be demarcated at the same time.\n\nUntil it is settled where the frontier is to be, we must prevent the Chinese from stepping across the divide after our departure and interfering with the people. In order to put a stop to this, the country up to the crest of the watershed must be administered, and the cheapest way to do so, as I have already reported, is to appoint a “taungok,” or superior headman, as was done in the Shingaw valley, who will live in the Lungpang group of villages, and stop any attempt on the part of the local fuyi to cross the frontier or send his retainers across it. My best Lashi headman, Labao Nu, of Lajawng village, is available for this purpose.\n\nHe is related to the headmen of the Lungpang group of villages, is influential and trustworthy, has been rewarded by the Viceroy and the Lieutenant-Governor of Burmah for good work, and is willing to accept the post on a salary of 50 rupees a-month. With such an official on the spot, and a civil officer at Wanghte to support him, we should be able to keep officious Chinese underlings out of the country until the question of the frontier is finally decided.\n\nAs regards the Hpimaw tract, I suggest that the Chinese Government should be asked not to permit the Tengkeng fuyi or his agents or servants to visit or administer it until the negotiations in connection with the frontier are concluded. This would not be an unreasonable request to make and might be acceded to.\n\nIf the Chinese agree to accept the proposed boundary up to the confines of Thibet, well and good. If not, we should be content to have it as far as latitude 27° north, beyond which nothing is known of the country except that it is perhaps the most difficult in the world, and is inhabited by Black Marus and other tribes of intractable savages, with whom the Chinese have little or no dealings. The country has never been explored, and is a blank on the map. Prince Henri of Orleans made a perilous journey across it from east to west in latitude 27° 40′ north, but has added little to our geographical knowledge of the region. The settlement of this portion of the frontier may therefore be postponed indefinitely.\n\nAs regards the branch of the 'Nmaikha near latitude 28° north, known as the Chin River to the Chinese, the basin of which is inhabited by the little-known tribe of Chiu-Tzu, who are supposed to be tributary to the Chinese Chief of Yetche (Yei Chil) on the Mekong, I agree with the late Mr. Litton that it would only confuse matters to raise the question of so distant and difficult a country about which both the Chinese and ourselves know so little.\n\nA boundary commission is a thing to be avoided. It is very expensive, and as the Chinese officers are afraid to accept responsibility, and rue it if they do, it usually ends in an impasse, or if a settlement is arrived at the Celestial Government will refuse to ratify it. No Chinese official could venture to give up a yard of Chinese soil, or supposed Chinese soil, without running the risk of losing his position and perhaps also his life. Their attitude is consequently always one of passive resistance. If possible, therefore, the frontier should be laid down in London or Peking, preferably the former, as the Chinese officials there will probably understand a map better than those in Peking. The whole thing, as Mr. Litton says, could be settled amicably in ten minutes if we had a civilised Government to deal with.\n\nI can find nothing in any document in my possession, or in any paper to which I have had access, regarding the frontier proposed by Taotai Shih Huang Chao. If it includes in China the upper portions of the Chipwi, Hparè, and Lagwi valleys, it is quite useless to us as a line of partition between the two countries, for it would be naked to attack and indefensible; each of these valleys would furnish a pied-à-terre to a hostile force or a site for a future fort, and form an enclave where our bad characters and discontented spirits would congregate. In fact, it would be out of the question for us to accept such a boundary.\n\nThere can be no doubt that the people will welcome us with open arms everywhere, even at Hpimaw, for they know that we will bring peace and money into the country, which at present is steeped in poverty and a prey to chronic disorder.\n\n### 4. Text of proposed Convention\n\nIf the boundary as originally proposed is accepted by the Chinese Government in its entirety, the following draft of the text of a convention, taken from Mr. Litton's report, could be accepted by the Government of Burmah :--\n\n\"(a.) From Manang Bam,* in latitude 25° 33′ north, the frontier will follow the crest of the watershed range between the Nmaikha River with its tributaries to the north, and the Taping and Shweli (Lung Chiang) Rivers with their tributaries to the south, until it reaches the watershed between the Salween and the Irrawaddy Rivers.\n\n| Localities/Natural Features | Belong to |\n| --- | --- |\n| Pan Wa Kou pass, the Tsu Mei (Sisters) peak, the Ta Ya Kou pass, the Tzu Chu Ya You (Lagwi) pass, the Feng Shui Ling pass, the Ta Ho Tou ridge |  |\n| the valleys (pa-tzu) of Lunma and Tan Tsa, the Lang Ya Shan peak, the Tientan valley, the Mingkwang valley, the Tatang valley | China |\n| the valleys of the Shingaw, Tamu (Tun Maw) and Chipwi Rivers, the parè or Hkansheng valley, the Lagwi, Tzu Chu or Mangshang valley, and the Shijang (Hsieh Chiang) valley; the Hpimaw valley, comprising the drainage of the Htangjam, Changzaw (Pi Ho) and Muku streams; the whole of the drainage of the Ngawehang (Hsiao Chiang) River | Burmah |\n\n\"Thence the frontier will follow the crest of the lofty and conspicuous range known locally as the Kao Liang Kung or Kao Li Kung, which forms the watershed between the Salween and the Irrawaddy Rivers as far as latitude passing through the crest of the Pien-ma (Hpimaw) Ya Kou pass.\n\n\"The whole of the basin of the Salween (Lu Chiang) thus belongs to China and the whole basin of the Irrawaddy to Burmah.\n\n* (b.) As the frontier now laid down follows conspicuous ranges of hills and is well known no further demarcation on the spot will be necessary, but it is agreed that officers will be dispatched by both Governments to erect boundary pillars at the principal passes over the ranges which form the frontier. Any difficulty in recognising the places mentioned will be settled by reference to the map which is attached to the English and Chinese versions of the convention, and which is recognised by both Governments as authoritative.\n\n\"(c.) It is understood that this convention does not affect the frontier of the various Thibetan districts, which will be reserved for future discussion.\n\n\"(d.) The Yunnan Government having reported that certain headmen (fuyi') on the Chinese side of the frontier claim customary presents or pecuniary dues from villages situated on the Burmah side thereof, the British Government agrees to pay to the Chinese Government an annual sum of ... rupees in full compensation for the extinction of such claims. All jurisdiction and sovereignty over such villages shall thenceforth reside in His Britannic Majesty for ever. It is agreed that this sum ... rupees shall be paid annually, commencing from the ... by His Britannic Majesty's consul at Tengyueh, through the Taotai of West Yunnan, to be distributed to the said headmen (fuyi') in such proportions as the Chinese Government may determine.\n\n* I have omitted the words \"the high conical peak\" because they are not a correct description of the hill on which the northernmost boundary pillar of the convention has been erected.\n\nPage 446",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-392 - Governor Sir May - 1912 [9-10]",
        "page_number": 205,
        "title": "CO129-392 - Governor Sir May - 1912 [9-10]",
        "content_text": "Ku \n\nJL OTLEGIOR \n\nDIG2 and le pro/mon on me bog' yuD mort Jonieri \n\nLIVI ISULOJ (SË \n\n-„pitison 8 jepesi eɔtani'i to tenoisai mob eng qabredos. \n\nBLU Lİ KAŠPOy need anu LAING \n\n8DIOR 2 10 seoneune” ni polu- -: oilot as abeat JI .adoiturit scoitav \n\nyonetnou odon eile to sun-mountas and tot snoiðslqyek \n\neild gu levoTOR MY SOTA 4100 to redwnld end je benenų need sys1: \n\nBudon Jand anoidnímer one ni mron · fal need swi JI \n\non,bono12JD BIM \n\n.Torrie v ob \n\nLUOME \n\nof ylers, Viniindum an drico \n\nLS 1973. Ila. To? bus..eb your Joe)... psyé006 vo vinone Bedon Janic \n\nus JawoDein tami 0.3 Juandi owicy sont mised div 907. TOOS hi ed you anoidoserni ile 08 Jajd zovlie notv Tsy đo að Lebiger seoitų ed naqur syrano co dq.odša ya .soivent air juo beittu noijaloiv s au len 50 IIk\" autoc 13 zudon ni (aba. ei dno..ysq_as) ,anoisalm 1 e 3 to neod ovok sevisoodes ons soiet PAJ DALA gnissim yes Dune jadejidoevri of plsaolo mus vidoinda bedomnului boototne su lite enote i et ouT .Benið oð eiusil su iliv axelneïto Toi anoi, searts II3 nå jød,Toulou qɔk .....ud sig norì MW3 no ons 'eredel o. ¿ da anto! ans ‚adinugon nighallurs ni holdani mi,'atejuso-Imei end du selotem to moisquebox (na grimwaq ni Jnazooreto 10 9330 and up 1012g món. need aan dra ner vos dolen ‚eb...... Jne.....saga eil. adir BOB-1010003 Ki beau ou yo.. eniou zo aajur .93Ì'18 OF 28TULÍA AJABI vs 100 0 26310881 ad viuone sorot on aldsnoaner am Tiet ei vÌ‚BETSV 3Qİv no anies not sedom ni pacɔ .1 „lovi, ed bluona 000, I& vreve no S8 lu 5331 els de noiden.eqploo d \n\nord add to Juanus nilliw and me by snob od vino Jam Bid o \n\nĐi đại ti ,Jodam Istery, 6.3 hi aNQİODBAM3IJ souto lis nf \n\non#,94310 ILaut erta_s1 as obal në hipolis atrevegnistia elusoD noijoamme on dano quaeq dyrone aan yang Tension eTuw eeenu ni I .Boid os end to onesпco 9 Ji neslo badoeltu sú biome \n\nJas Veg \n\n193 \n\npayment of land-revenue, likin, and other taxes, notes shall be accepted without objection, and any corrupt officers, who make use of chicanery to extort payment in coins, will be liable to in- -vestigation and punishment. The above regulations are clear and plain enough, and the Chamber of Commerce has undertaken to be responsible for the promotion of the note currency. After the issue of this notification, all persons should give strict ob- -servance thereto, and any offender will be liable to fines, and any repeated offence will be subject to heavier punishment. Half of any fine imposed upon any offender after the charge against him has been properly proven, will be appropriated for the pro- -motion of various reforms, and the other half given in reward to the witnesses. In pursuance of law, the Authorities know no favour, and this notification is issued for the information of the \n\npublic, who should one and all give strict observance.",
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        "page_number": 210,
        "title": "CO129-392 - Governor Sir May - 1912 [9-10]",
        "content_text": "警憩\n\n198\n\n譬\n\n... Biaino Isiomait yns eaits viens Divolin, Toiyeðni end ABCCB OF ner.. .nofcort cash etuloada ni bevlovni ed Iliw ollduqsh .m:et uidiw belli brus mexcrc-dasən Víteju exs ew einu to inint to ab es boog to Jitenso one quer of Jund eBilBOT ow emic cae end da oriaeb anino to eIqoaq and pot of .enou od jarit ja abeeb book SIN098 vam ney oɛ deld bijusqul. Jbetreq 5 10 avgujúca sit ed of fit Loew viulit qu bisou roven bInoue dois 9.J,00 11 ? mobeert twoY, Jnesmievo) 9. ct beau Jened on sueithr Jnem,oyne mo tient 101 ydilidienooser smoa edad cu lini masal, on pa ivon 100g and eliz\n\nriend on youb yna lu sext as¥.ca.AIN Tebingoo tu ekonoḥ SIứ Nİ\n\nof being 00 90 px as nyowe To noinu a kuwa nini „boBİZ. JaÏ\n\n+\n\nBILVİT QULIO mum to notcoolloo end go maeco end to moital Tot spoed. ir 3 boebni ai regan Jrenilai зpeBeïg one to toilet w aug3 Jndų (piwb beso.nų kovd even Jan IIs X moɖ60 SZITYPOJMė ors aberum noi cigose aut 10 (rast 910 má MG-TE ISVO\n\neven biowa edre trei sa niliu ens soni\n\nbrts\n\n10 DRUG FJ\n\nevoiled aw、WA: 2010. S meijoitusg viene 10% prom flow need ~ enudos sind Wwi Mitguye jaar, nya. (lotue ¡Iiw vend ja.J 9V3. Okuya_mit ni coein anciju.İriones and 3% ae Beiчiup- soire...A Kİ JA COTO milondonk ni,000,000,6X ud LejawaLLB bisod ne 19vice.sï ni vbal econing a sasʊ eno ni buLE „X0,0088 no to Deaiquâ” OLJ .yonetivo bioj nauitomi ni Duck Jedinopaus Baritondet rol. 7ol meiroirsaq man sold ise?.99\n\nme moid vihe JBL.\n\n13. VÚ DOVOL. iki ed ednebinet eening aro .on III.beauoth au\n\nf detom beauute pasiauidne ani meijoitang ziend Iset Dne sig.479 enoiduta, i sia podyepon cari yreisot two muj .Iliv jano (liar10-- 970 to ydilidianoyser and gu Bact of newrievoll noungo and lo\n\nni jong evoliou Iuven 130 ev OR Cras eaeni IIA by alenos\n\n10 so. 4..10ITOL\n\n3 equa\n\n97 Of •9 18 10 13 JOL. 91s malto abbeeb koop?\n\nOỬ 918LUB 800 Tol esiguous don valjek? Ilie woy de. yus bonistdo eve GIFT 9401 Jad lane me the8e1 and evoileT\n\nyaish Juously ni oneɛ fliw weld of mile,wak udcod noi, ginondum ai soirqiejne sud eonit .betuosa ovak (ed anoloq.noedna sj\n\nallon evil. IIs on is,moiden are lo edcqnodai end ni boJQQUT.\n\nquiisianaque%\n\nresponsibility as regards its prosperity and ruin, it is our certain hope that you will be eager and ready to push the scheme forward. Once again, all holders of subscription books are hereby requested to return them without delay together with the sub- -scriptions they have secured, to the Department where they were obtained, where receipts will be given in return, bearing the signature of the proper representatives appointed by the Treasurer.\n\nDated 14th. September of the 1st. year of the\n\nChinese Republic.\n\nPage 210\n\nPage 211\n\nBL\n\neroa\n\nsilagg on what% DUE IMA\n\nder ere dood moleqt\n\n30-Jun 16 m dan da\n\n-u\n\n470\n\n.TUIJ3381.\n\n30 10 1",
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    {
        "id": 440698,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "page_number": 34,
        "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "32\n\n2\n\nEnclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum communicated to the Wai-chiao Pu by Sir J. Jordan.\n\nHIS Majesty's Minister begs to remind the Wai-chiao Pu that on the 9th May he presented a claim for 7,181.265 taels and 500 dollars representing losses, fine, and other expenses connected with the illegal seizure and detention of Indian opium in the province of Chekiang, that the claim was again presented on the 30th May, and that nearly a month has elapsed without reply or payment.\n\nSir John Jordan would remind the Wai-chiao Pu that this is a claim against the Central Government for failure to enforce treaty rights in Chekiang and that it is to the Central Government and to the Central Government alone that he looks for immediate payment. This procrastination in payment of a legitimate claim is inconsistent with the professions of the Central Government that the treaties made between the Manchu dynasty and foreign Powers will be upheld. It is unjust that sufferers from broken treaties should not be compensated and Sir John Jordan has now for the third time to demand immediate payment in order that the parties interested may have their losses made good.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN,\n\nPeking, June 29, 1912.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum communicated to Sir J. Jordan by the Wai-chiao Pu.\n\nTHE Wai-chiao Pu have had under consideration Sir John Jordan's memoranda of the 30th May and the 29th June on the subject of the seizure and detention of Indian opium in the province of Chekiang.\n\nIn both instances the Indian opium seized and detained in Chekiang has long since been released; if the merchants concerned suffered losses in consequence of the detention, they should also have demanded compensation from the provincial officials at the time of release, or else refused to take the goods back. As it is, the merchants having taken the goods back at the time without expressing any objection, it would seem that His Majesty's Minister, in specially putting forward after the event a heavy claim for compensation, and in repeating the demand, is not exacting compensation for losses on behalf of the importers, but that he has been induced to come forward and raise difficulties in consequence of the Indian opium-merchants' dissatisfaction with Chekiang's measures of opium suppression.\n\nTouching the statement that \"this is a claim against the Central Government for failure to enforce treaty rights in Cheking,\" the Wai-chiao Pu are quite unable to admit their liability for this compensation.\n\nThe final paragraph of article 7 of the Opium Agreement stipulates very clearly that there shall be no derogation in any manner from the force of the laws published to suppress opium. It is impossible for the Wai-chiao Pu to adopt the entirely one-sided policy of compelling Chekiang to conform to the treaties in the matter of the rights of British merchants to dispose freely of Indian opium, while at the same time disregarding the terms of the final paragraph of article 7 of the Opium Agreement.\n\nIn conclusion, the attitude of the Wai-chiao Pu in regard to the carrying out of the Opium Agreement has been uniformly just; in every case which has come to their notice of failure of the provincial officials to observe it implicitly, they have at once dispatched telegrams of reprobation. This must surely be also appreciated by His Majesty's Minister, but excessive demands the Wai-chiao Pu certainly cannot admit, and they earnestly trust that His Majesty's Minister will not again raise the question.\n\nLU CHENG-HSIANG.\n\nJuly 4, 1912.\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum communicated to the Wai-chiao Pu by Sir J. Jordan.\n\nHIS Majesty's Minister begs to acknowledge the receipt of the Wai-chiao Pu's memorandum of the 4th instant, refusing to admit the claim for compensation for the illegal seizure and detention of Indian opium in the province of Chekiang, on the ground that the opium has long since been released, and that, if the merchants concerned suffered losses, they should have demanded compensation from the provincial authorities at the time of the release, or else refused to take back the goods. The memorandum goes on to say that as the merchants took back the goods without expressing any objection, it would appear that His Majesty's Minister in specially putting forward after the event a heavy claim for compensation, and in repeating the demand is not exacting compensation for losses on behalf of the importers, but that he has been induced to come forward and raise difficulties in consequence of the Indian opium merchants' dissatisfaction with Chekiang's measures of opium suppression.\n\nIn reply, His Majesty's Minister begs to refer the Wai-chiao Pu to his numerous memoranda in which he stated that claims for compensation would inevitably result from the illegal action of the Chekiang authorities in regard to Indian opium, and that these claims would be lodged as soon as the amounts of the losses had been ascertained. The losses sustained by the merchants interested in the nine chests of Indian opium illegally seized and detained at Chiang-t'ou and in the 14 piculs of Indian opium illegally seized and detained at Hangchow, were duly ascertained, and, in accordance with instructions received from His Majesty's Government, a claim for payment thereof was lodged with the Wai-chiao Pu on the 9th May. There was not the slightest delay in forwarding this claim of which due warning had been given locally as well as in Peking. As regards the Wai-chiao Pu's airy statement that if the merchants concerned suffered losses in consequence of the detention they should have demanded compensation from the provincial authorities at the time of release, His Majesty's Minister must again point out that the nine chests of opium seized and detained at Chiang-t'ou were not released in the proper sense of the word; they were not allowed to proceed to destination; the men in charge were fined 500 dollars because they were not in possession of irregular documents; and the opium was compulsorily removed from the province under export certificates illegally imposed by Mr. Chu, the civil administrator, who has throughout either been supported by or has defied the Central Government. It would have been ridiculous for the carriers of the opium to demand compensation from the provincial authorities, who have been allowed to violate treaties with impunity, and who are still allowed to act as if Chekiang were independent of the Government of China.\n\nAs regards the accusation that His Majesty's Minister in specially putting forward after the event a heavy claim for compensation, and in repeating the demand is not exacting compensation for losses on behalf of the importers, but that he has been induced to come forward and raise difficulties in consequence of the Indian opium merchants' dissatisfaction with Chekiang's measures of opium suppression, Sir John Jordan is astonished that such a charge has been made against him in an official document and by a responsible Minister, and he demands its prompt and immediate withdrawal. His Majesty's Minister's one and only object in regard to the opium question is to see that the solemn engagements concluded between the British and Chinese Governments on the subject are respected. Of late they have been openly violated by China, and in spite of Sir John Jordan's repeated protests they continue to be violated in many of the provinces.\n\nThe Wai-chiao Pu further state that it is impossible to adopt the entirely one-sided policy of compelling Chekiang to conform to the treaties in the matter of the rights of British merchants to dispose freely of Indian opium, while at the same time disregarding the terms of the final paragraph of article 7 of the Opium Agreement. His Majesty's Minister would point out that the interpretation of that paragraph admits of no quibbling. The laws referred to therein are laws to suppress the smoking of opium, and are to be published by the Chinese Government and not by provincial authorities.\n\nIn conclusion, His Majesty's Minister regrets that he cannot comply with the wish of the Wai-chiao Pu to drop the question of compensation, and for the fourth time he has to request that the sums of 7,181.265 taels and 500 dollars be promptly paid by the Central Government, which, although it may have at once dispatched telegrams of reprobation in cases of failure of the provincial authorities to observe the treaties and agreements, has itself failed to prevent their repeated violation.\n\nPeking, July 22, 1912.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN,",
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    {
        "id": 444036,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 33,
        "title": "CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "# \n## COPY.\n### Canton & Deta. Condosure 1.\n\nList of Robberies and Piracies compiled from Geise Press and other sources for the month of July, 1913.\n\n- Fatsian a body of 5,000 robbers under the name of the T'ung Sheng T'ang, in demanding $20,000 from the Wine Tax Bureau, added that as Hu Han Min had emptied the Canton coffers, they intended to squeeze $400,000 out of him. **Centon** - 72, Hang Pao - 10/t\n\n- Canton-Kowloon Railway - over 20 men implicated in the late robbery at Che Pi station are said to have been captured at Lu Pu San. 72 Hang Pao 2rid.\n\n- Shek Ching the head of the Arsenal has received a letter demanding $5,000 or an attack would be made. Every precaution is being taken; numerous guards and several machine guns are posted all round and after 8:00 p.m. no inmates are allowed ingress or egress. Min Sheng Pao 2nd.\n\n- Shekin Scases recently of plunder of junks by pirates preceded by threatening letters. 72 Hang Pao 4th.\n\n- Hamhoi T'ai Lik late on the evening of the 29th. ultimo 20 houses were plundered: 5 boys were kidnapped and one man killed. 72 Hang Pao 4th.\n\n- Canton-Kowloon Railway. it is proposed to erect 12 block houses along line between Canton and Sam Chun to make up for deficiency in number of troops. 72 Hang Pao 7th.\n\n- Wong Sha a salt junk loaded for Hsiang Shan and Hsin An was pirated in a creek opposite Wong Sha a day or two ago. Min Sheng Pao 7th.\n\n- Samshui 20 houses in village in that district plundered on 29th, ultimo and 6 head of cattle stolen: Magistrate apathetic.\n\n- Pan Yu Chung Ts'un - 50 houses plundered. Min Chih Pao üth.\n\n- Fatshan was raided the other night and some ... 72 Hang Pao 10th.\n\n- Sha K'ou a Yu Chi Tui station of 40 men was rushed by 200 robbers on the 13th. instant. They took several ...",
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    {
        "id": 444038,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 35,
        "title": "CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "## West River, Sai Nam West of Delta\n\nLo Ting - 10 minor piracies reported in last ten days. _72 Hang Pao_ 7th.\n\nWang Kong - on 4th instant over 100 robbers at Ping Tang Pao killed 13 persons and abducted 7. _72 Hang Pao_ 14th.\n\nHsin I Hsien - robbers destroyed 35 houses, killed 32 persons and kidnapped 3. Government troops driven back twice after fierce fighting. _Han Yueh Pao_ 16th.\n\nHuang Hing - 2 lien of Lu Chun sent to that district as robberies are more frequent than ever. _72 Hang Pao_ 22nd.\n\nYang Chun - report comes of pillage of three villages and murder of 20 people. _72 Hang Pao_ 31st.\n\nSunning - on night of 27th ultimo a robber band made 3 raids on different villages. The Magistrate showed no alertness. Conditions are worse than they have been for 10 years. _72 Hang Pao_ 3rd.\n\nHsin Hui Ho T'ang - a body of some 2/300 robbers are issuing threatening letters to all villages in the district. _Min Chih Pao_ 9th.\n\n## From other sources\n\nShiu Kou Suan - passenger boat pirated on 14th instant; $1,000 taken.\n\nTai Shan - The S.L. \"Yipshing\" pirated on 22nd instant. All on board robbed of valuables.\n\nTai Shan S.L. \"Yipshing\" - $400 taken from passengers, on 28th instant; $100 from the S.L. \"Fookching\".\n\nHuo Tan - on 14th instant 10 rice junks held up and cleaned out: reported that troops on being requested, refused to give assistance. _Nan Yueh Pao_ 17th.\n\nTe'ung Hua - On 6th, 9th, 10th, 11th, and 16th instants robberies were reported from various villages. Newspaper comment is that robbers are much better at \"clearing the country\" than the Government troops. _72 Hang Pao_ 21st.",
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    },
    {
        "id": 444280,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 277,
        "title": "CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "## Consultation with Major-General Kelly\n\nConsultation with Major-General Kelly, Commanding His Majesty's Forces in South China, decided that to be on the safe side it was advisable to reinforce the garrison on Shamien. Accordingly, 200 additional men of the Punjabis were sent up, the whole under the command of Major Robinson.\n\n## Arrival of Huang Shih-lung\n\nA new development in the situation now arose with the arrival on August 9th of Huang Shih-lung, whom the Central Government had appointed Hu Chun Shih, that is Commander-in-Chief of Kuangtung. Like Tang Ho-shun, Huang was a paid agent of President Yuan, and it was he who, by previous lavish but judicious bribery, provoked the mutiny of the Lu Chun, which led to the expulsion of Chen Chiung-ming. His mission here was to support Lung, but, whether of deliberate purpose, as many believe, or through sheer negligence, his conduct was at variance with that object and led directly to the most serious fighting that had yet taken place.\n\n## Huang's Telegram to Lung\n\nTo a telegram which he despatched inviting Lung to come to Canton at once, the latter replied that Huang must first prepare the way by retiring a force of 3,000 men which Chen had sent to Samshui to oppose his advance and removing from the City those of the Lu Chun stationed on Kuan Yin Shan and at the Fine Storeyed Pagoda. Eventually, Huang telegraphed to Lung that everything was in readiness for his reception. The troops at Samshui having fallen back on Canton, General Lung arrived on August 11th and took over charge from Chang Wo-chuan, but when his forces marched to their quarters at Kuan Yin Shan, they found them still occupied by Lu Chun, who said they had received no orders to vacate the hill and refused to do so. Lung's troops insisted that they had themselves got explicit orders to occupy that position, and, as the Lu Chun declined to seek other quarters in the heavy rain that was falling, the Kuanghai men opened fire.\n\n## Fighting in Canton\n\nThe fighting that ensued lasted in and about the City in a desultory way for three days, in the course of which the Tu Tu's Yamen, with the Government buildings in rear thereof, was partially burned, the Mint looted, and several streets of shops were sacked. The number of the Lu Chun actually engaged was perhaps not more than four ying, say 2,000 at... \n\n276",
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    {
        "id": 445239,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "page_number": 313,
        "title": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "content_text": "## PEKING.\n\nC.C \nFebruary 25th, 1889 \n\n**REC** \n**REGE 26 MAR 13**\n\n...\n\nSir:- \n\nAt an interview with the Chinese Foreign Minister on February 5th, I discussed the subject of the Chinese proposals referred to in my telegram No.30 of February 4th and my despatch No.60 of the 6th instant.\n\nIn reply to my enquiry as to the financial basis of the scheme, Mr. Lu stated that the Chinese Government hoped to carry the proposals through on the broad principles already indicated but that the Ministry of the Interior were anxious to decide the lines on which the monopoly would be worked before they could well consider the details of the purchase of the stocks. It would, however, be impossible, he thought, to take over the whole of the stocks at one time, for China could not possibly provide so large a sum of money. I enquired whether the stocks might not be taken over in instalments and paid for after the Government had received the proceeds of the retail sales. I pointed out that the Banks probably held a lien on the stocks.\n\nThe Right Honourable \nSir Edward Grey, Bart., M.P., \n&c., &c., \n&c.",
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    },
    {
        "id": 445301,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "page_number": 375,
        "title": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "content_text": "# 374\n\n**[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]**\n\n## OPIUM.\n\n**C.O.**\n12296\n[March/14.]' TRECO Secrid 12 APR 13\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n[11817]\n\n### No. 1.\n\n**Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.—(Received March 14.)**\n\n**(No. 86.) Sir,**\n\nPeking, February 25, 1913.\n\nAt an interview with the Chinese Foreign Minister on the 5th February, I discussed the subject of the Chinese proposals referred to in my telegram No. 30 of the 1st February and my despatch No. 60 of the 6th instant.\n\nIn reply to my enquiry as to the financial basis of the scheme, Mr. Lu stated that the Chinese Government hoped to carry the proposals through on the broad principles already indicated, but that the Ministry of the Interior were anxious to decide the lines on which the monopoly would be worked before they could well consider the details of the purchase of the stocks. It would, however, be impossible, he thought, to take over the whole of the stocks at one time, for China could not possibly provide so large a sum of money.\n\nHe enquired whether the stocks might not be taken over in instalments and paid for after the Government had received the proceeds of the retail sales. I pointed out that the banks probably held a lien on the stocks, and it was by no means certain, therefore, that the merchants could actually hand over any quantity of the opium without payment. I was unable to enter into any detailed financial discussion at present and said that it would be well for the Chinese Government to formulate a scheme for payment which could then be considered on its merits.\n\nThe Foreign Minister explained that the real difficulty in founding a monopoly, and so reaching a satisfactory settlement, would possibly be found in the opposition of the provinces. They would only be too glad to undertake this monopoly themselves, and would probably be jealous of any such enterprise if it was to be in the hands of the Central Government.\n\nAt a second interview on the 21st February, I conveyed to the Foreign Minister the reply contained in your telegram No. 53 of the 14th February. I laid emphasis on the points that fair remuneration must be made to the opium merchants; that the establishment of a monopoly must be regarded as a means to an end, namely, the eventual eradication of opium from China; that a speedy decision was essential in view of the stoppage of sales and the danger of speculation, which would complicate the final financial adjustments; and that secrecy was most important in the interests of the Chinese Government; that a reference to the question had already appeared in the native press, and that the position would become extremely difficult if the negotiations were prematurely disclosed, as prices would certainly rise. Mr. Lu expressed his satisfaction and declared that he would lay the facts before the President on the 24th instant. In reply to his enquiry as to a general idea of the amount of the stocks and the sum necessary for redemption, I gave the number of chests as between 29,000 and 30,000 and placed the purchase price approximately at 8,000,000l., exclusive of freight, insurance, and other due charges for which allowance would have to be made. The stocks had been purchased at prices showing marked fluctuations, but I reminded Mr. Lu that the auction prices were published figures and that the Chinese opium representative at Calcutta was in a position to verify the exact figure for each consignment. I added that I would instruct Mr. Wilton to go into the question of figures with an officer appointed by the Minister. Mr. Lu promised that he would lay the whole question before the President, who would doubtless issue the necessary instructions to the Ministry of the Interior, and that he would let me know the result of his representations.\n\nIn my despatch No. `CO`, I stated that the Foreign Minister had evidently not worked out the scheme in any detail when he presented his proposals. The result of my conversations with Mr. Lu does not show any advance beyond this point. I gathered the impression, however, that Mr. Lu had been waiting for the acceptance of the Chinese proposals by His Majesty's Government before proceeding with any seriousness to work out any details in connection with the working of the monopoly and the financial question of the redemption of the stocks.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**J. N. JORDAN.**\n\n[2850 ~]",
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    {
        "id": 445787,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "page_number": 258,
        "title": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "content_text": "257\n\n2\n\ncompletely succeeded, it is only reasonable to suppose that he would have adopted the same course as his colleagues of Hunan and Anhui, and pressed for investigation by British officials.\n\nThe local Chinese newspapers are not in all respects reliable, but even in their most extravagant statements there is usually to be found some basis of fact. Now, during the period from the 1st January to the 30th June last frequent paragraphs have appeared in these journals noting cases where the poppy was being grown, either with the connivance of the local authorities or in defiance of the bureaux and deputies.\" I have compiled a list of some of these paragraphs, copy of which, in English and Chinese, I have now the honour to enclose. I add a few others, dealing with the matter of illicit traffic in native opium.\n\n54\n\nThe conclusion that cannot well be avoided, if any credence at all is to be given to reports so circumstantial, is that the cultivation of the poppy, in at any rate the more remote and mountainous portions of Hupei, was by no means so complete last season as to justify His Majesty's Government in declaring this province to be one into which Indian opium is now no longer admissible.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nEnclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nW. H. WILKINSON.\n\nTranslations of Extracts from Hankow Native Press on the Subject of Opium Suppression,\n\nJanuary 4-Hsing Kuo Hsien, Hsin T'ou P'u, and Wang Sha-pen: Poppies in abundance. Magistrate takes no notice.\n\nJanuary 11-Mien Yang Hsien: Poppy still grown in great quantities: opium dens ignored by magistrate and gentry.\n\nJanuary 24.-Li Chuan Hsien, Ch'ang Tan-pa: Poppy still grown.\n\nFebruary 28.-Ma Ch'eng Hsien: Poppy, now ripe; magistrate does nothing.\n\nMarch 3-Chu'n Hsien, Heng Shen Wan, and Shen pan T'au: Popular resistance to anti-opium measures.\n\nMarch 25.-An-lu Hsien Pai Chan-shan: Abundance of poppies, many opium dens. Magistrates and police indifferent.\n\nMarch 30-Kienshih Hsien (Shihnan Prefecture): Tai Wang-pa farmers resist and destroy local Government building; troops sent.\n\nMay 6-Cheki Hsien poppy grows all over the hills; soldiers sent to eradicate are bribed by the wealthy; poor farmers are arrested and their poppy destroyed; this leads to a case of arson and murder of the headborough.\n\nMay 11-Sung Tzu-Hsien: Poppy sown as usual. Magistrate pays no attention.\n\nMay 25. Pating Hsien, Lien Ch'uan Gorge: Armed resistance of farmers, aided by brigands, to work of eradication; military from Ichang summoned.\n\nMay 30-Li Ch'uan Hsien: Several farmers, opium growers, shot down. District Council indicts magistrate for murder.\n\nJune 20.-Lai Feng Hsien, Lin Kang: Poppy growers tie up local inspector, who is rescued by military.\n\nJune 21.-Lai Feng Hsien, Hui-pei: Armed resistance to eradication.\n\n,979039)\n\nTranslations of further Extracts from Native Press of Hankow on the Subject of Opium.\n\nJanuary 6.-Shensi opium dealer brings by rail five trunks full of native opium covered by Japanese flag.\n\nFebruary 14-Opium dealers of Hanyang use opium dens as markets, to which many Wuchang opium smokers resort.\n\nMarch 21-Huang Hai Hsien opium dealers, owing to severity of restrictions, carry out their trade at Teh-ngan, in Kiangsi, and at Susung Hsien, in Anhui\n\nApril 1-Seizure by Hankow Customs in one of Butterfield and Swire's boats of three large packages of native opium.\n\nApril 11-Seizure on railway of 800 taels weight of native opium going north.\n\n3\n\nMay 5-Laifeng Hsien, adjoining Lang Shun Hsien, Hunan: Over 300 smugglers forcibly endeavour to cross frontier; being resisted, destroy preventive office, beat officers, then disperse.\n\nMay 7.-P'u Che Hsien, Hsin-tien, under protection of certain rascally gentry, native opium is openly sold; inhabitants protest, and enquiry is held.\n\nJune 6.-Ichang, Ping Shun Fu: Now that the system of rewards has been abolished and co-operation with the Maritime Customs, smugglers from Szechuan are bringing in native opium in large and small quantities.\n\nJune 16-Tien-men Hsien, Peng Chih-ho: One P'eng retails native opium, bullying and bribing.\n\n(No. 15.) Sir,\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nActing Consul Handley-Derry to Mr. Alston.\n\nWITH reference to your despatch, No. 2, of the 24th ultimo, enclosing copies of correspondence with the Wai-chiao Pu, relative to the placing of Kiangsi and Hupeh on the list of provinces into which Indian opium shall not be conveyed, I have the honour to inform you that there is little to add to what I reported in my No. 9, of the 10th ultimo.\n\nThere is no doubt that a determined and sustained effort has been made to stamp out the growth of poppy in all easily accessible places, and so far as I can gather from missionaries, railway men and others they have seen nothing of the poppy during the spring. The missionary has, of course, kept fairly well to the beaten track, the railway man has been off the beaten track but in a region of very scant cultivation, Chinese say that on the road to Shih-nan Fu none could be seen, but that they heard that it was growing in the country road.\n\nIt is useless to suggest any search at this time of the year, but I would very much like to make a journey round through the prefecture of Shih-nan in the early spring of next year. It is a journey which would take nearly a month, but from what Chinese say there must be a good deal of growing going on in the more secluded spots. Of the import of native opium it is difficult to speak. None comes through the customs, but I have questioned the writer of this consulate very closely and he says he could buy smuggled opium at any time at about 5-6 tiao an ounce. The price stated in my above-mentioned despatch has gone up, owing to the greater stringency caused by the closing of the official opium offices.\n\nWhen I was at Shasi I questioned several of the merchants there as to how many smokers there were still, they said that there were now no more than 3 or 4 per cent. (Shasi population, 95,000).\n\nI have, &c.\n\nEnclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nH. F. HANDLEY-DERRY.\n\nMemorandum communicated to Wai-chiao Pu.\n\nIN continuation of his memorandum of the 16th July, His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires has the honour to inform the Wai-chiao Pu that he has now received consular reports from Hankow and Ichang.\n\nMr. Alston is not disposed to accept the statement in the Wai-chiao Pu's memorandum of the 3rd July, that poppy cultivation had been prohibited and extinguished and that import of the native drug from other provinces had also been forbidden.\n\nHe regrets therefore that he is unable to consent to place Hupeh forthwith on the list of provinces into which Indian opium shall not be conveyed but is ready in accordance with article 4, of the 1911, Agreement to arrange for investigations next spring on the lines of the joint inspections carried out in Shantung, Anhui, and Hunan this year.\n\nPeking, August 20, 1913.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 447105,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-409 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 203,
        "title": "CO129-409 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "/202\n\n2.4\n\nBoy modes qu yon\n\níno I waivïesni „dal and no way duoda anoisiqave ban I eauao80\n\n¡nży wou masu bra 308100. saat 14042 \\ mak sebad 2 woy od duq\n\n2:59d ybaexis ban I as anciviyawe ya bunda tu bib seado Ɛ maand\n\n•ANİTASİT GOVNİ\n\nni melit & brwol I esuxoed yaitagitsovni bedrade I ung ni qut beivul selit bau nog wonai đơn bìb I :rewarb beibol\n\nboa Tewain boanol a beau】 I soitto and dial ban mo、Tojis :TOWSID\n\nvði mego od vo% 101 dues\n\nIOBH8JOWS IN LA TOYO Debms laba ANƏT ZNAJ Taral for: bib I\n\nBTUAJ BOW TOsasɔɔum wwoy tá mani e'nob I 1.4d0Ɛ erut no\n\nbat mo, wamal I lis 10% .@tond zeed av yam ni tantoq soul .d#06\n\nTovo babiau bait poỵ đưnd onwana I „ajada yom må many sy twoy dini\n\nob eet en as 108880ow? Tway of asiumqps, moitiu has tʊ# 100%\n\nenojeɔopo Intavaa no eʻsadid\n\nIv\n\nni Tawuro bezɔuf ■ bwo↑ I jaimtona sud nå has \\lut nộ\n\ngul Jest Y to Ở BÉ AIWAN TO; tam di bað farm \\[Joere vanal d'nob\n\nTUWATÓ Buk Das Iooo I dan os gimtade saw I ni muno way redw\n\n.bonego\n\ndųieven lu edon and dużaw no maynq sud Bano ■'d,njƐ yi mai, NI\n\n.siit mod NO BOT LEV\n\nTandaiyan gongel and (J BIGJJBA, „I ins atauOTI GULİ Oral I\n\nai joj kao súd to suiơy mơ usingismerni a THE 1300ISK,që bas\n\nH\n\nI nauidewe ¡adnewood Lvioittu end de bedoeİ vileqsoning. I\n\n-iunoqeer ediup wa I .don Beluidenga | BOND WELUG BƏ \"T100 asid de beak of\n\n.mobiło wid [is not sio-\n\nnau:deo selit muito no dowyży do saton need sved trişİM OTOT\n\n•\n\nessed arrendo J'abib I tud piingá Eine prsunat\n\nviw soliï end enimve on bib I seton down atom (tud M\n\nTo suijo (ng and ti wond Jon on I me. arteado od as vras dogs Liu BʻIungquebory yn ni dnSTIJO BA% Sonovba ni see? gaivisoer -10 TOY LÀ utan on daw I90,978 Bow quol.1 naut von di\n\n„Ji 10 mwona but I li ji aygoso avo. Dimana I ¡di giurid-\n\nDate of Circular is 14.11.12. I remember & Dutch Doctor who\n\nbrought actions against certain Companies in forma pauperis: I\n\ndon't remember your coming about the Dutch Consul making trouble\n\nabout $2 for which you would not give him a receipt. I don't\n\nremember your suggesting that I should issue a circular in the\n\nterms of the November Circular so that you could refuse to oblige\n\nthe public. I asked you to circulate the Circular. I don't\n\nremember your mentioning the difficulty about moneys payable for\n\nsearches for Company: I don't remember my making a suggestion that\n\na note to the shroff should be given to the person making the\n\nsearch to pay the shroff the search fees; and I don't remember your\n\npointing out that the shroff not being in our sight the search might\n\ngo away without payment. The Circular relates to payments of\n\nmoney by the public.\n\nYou had to get permission to put these pauper cases through\n\nbecause they were not covered by the Ordinance: we did them ex\n\ngratia.\n\nYou would have to get express instructions to carry through\n\neach one of these cases: not for fear that you would be acting as\n\na Solicitor but because it was a gratuitously piece of work done\n\nfor the benefit of the poor persons concerned. You could have put\n\nsome through without obtaining permission if I had not noticed it\n\nand if I had noticed such thing I should have told you not to do it\n\nagain. If you had refused to do one when asked it would have been a\n\ndisciplinary matter: I don't know what I should have done. I don't\n\nknow what you received these fees in advance for: I express no\n\nopinion. Strictly the applicants should get their documents stamped\n\nthemselves and buy their stamps themselves.\n\nSon K. Sen deceased's case was in January of this year, I\n\nthink: in this case I think I did (witness says I will get up the\n\nfile) hand you £12; it was a pauper case. I don't remember ever\n\nhanding you any open cheque personally. I don't remember your being\n\nhanded in my presence $1,200 in banknotes in connection with a\n\nPhilippino newspaper \"El Grito del Presente\".\n\nIt",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-409 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [1-3].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 447443,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-409 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 541,
        "title": "CO129-409 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "537\n\n: :\n\nខ្លះ\n\nז ייִדי\n\nordine ale 9.0 Li iTɔ amigo To 33.unl.1.0 a now voluogų 9, 2 kg boun es Url to ES Det du enis Alyan Nisa mwig) 10 (4)6,900\n\nQULİXRA 8 TO #13. ÍLu WI to Jasenonittyti Th97. Tol BASCUL\n\nIJ\n\nAssel, oJinsƐ ek ni\n\nto erft mixau 31 8 to arallob 130,4\n\nJOÄIRI BAJ BOZİS mulyo mud to nulovi\n\nsolzneup ni\n\n+\n\nto boite; MULÁTALA rdod o to Brita\n\nwg down\n\nHAN Kİ Beaurki mr 110008 1 to 88.30 tool onï.noi...\n\n» berit si pulang 0,4 to snit mir.İYA mid of 70 exa^Iob Auley Jedım) BOU\n\nVau Tevolisi ic end to TaUHET\n\nMAJ781 TO\n\nMi 10\n\nTo moje 2\n\nThu, I trudi?”\n\nTE VU\n\nAJ DA\n\n1\n\na do...\n\nsolut ji\n\na ruvių\n\ne quis an A\n\nto 10-\n\n*1\n\n. \n\n5\n\nJinney Bin.1.5 e...2 to (f)ul.bet Tobin «KOWE TO IMX./10.3.8\n\nSavooni; ro\n\nİnjalii wigo was fol (w;\n\nhasîoqui vi-\n\n►I Mİ ÖARJIOLA Tol (d)\n\nnoylq mi uwiqo no beigja #13457,\n\nmas mi ga ¿Tube IJ (.\n\neoriq ni wiqu Tebou betode 6151mi\n\nAttempt to commit offence or abetting in the same.\n\nGeneral penalty for contravention of Ordinance or regulations in cases where penalty is not specially prescribed.\n\nc.f.Sec.90 of the Opium Ord. 1909.\n\nc.f.Sec.84 of Opium Ord. 1909 as amended by Sec.3 (s) of Opium Amendment Ord.1913.\n\nIdentical.\n\nGeneral penalty under Sec.84 of the old Ord. was a maximum fine of 2,000 dollars or a maximum imprisonment of 12 months. In the present Ordinance the General penalty is a maximum fine of 2,000 dollars with alternative maximum of 10 times the market value of the opium in respect of the offence which has occurred and a maximum imprisonment of 12 months.\n\n: \n\nLodgeba\n\n16 end to IC\n\n.bx0.8.7 to 06.092.1.0\n\nlu \\o.onā.1.0 obia bus XXI. 13 wigɔ nda\n\nJe Tu (I)8.res.\n\naniel to\n\nnë 1.00\n\nmited to neenasil pomalta ounepil to\n\ngrua Toytilidnij ajus qui oeur.api.\n\nbio adi vrea to Viliui Iano8799 lo adnorton tö .eec::epil\n\n52\n\n1\n\nMISCELLULIUS.\n\nGovernor-in-Council o.f.Sec.41 of the Opium Ord.1909.\n\nmake regulations. k.f.also with regard to\n\nKa) and (b) Sec.3(b)*9(4)* of Opium Amendment Ord. 1913.\n\nc.f.also Soc.40(1) of the 6.S.Ord.XI of 1909.\n\nPART IV TEMPORARY PROVISIONS.\n\nSuperintendent may investigate business of Farmer on Ordinance coming into operation.\n\n1\n\nSimilar generally.\n\nc.f.Sec.49 of S.S.Ord.XXI of 1909.\n\nSuperintendent may purchase from Farmer at market rates such opium or implements as the Superintendent may want.\n\nArbitration to be resorted to in event of difference as to the value of opium or implements purchased by Superintendent from Farmer.\n\nXXI of 1909 and also vide Sec.29 of Opium Ord.1909.\n\nas the examination is concerned, Sec. 23(6) of Opium Ord. 1909 may be noticed.\n\nSimilar.\n\nc.f.Sec.51 of S.S.Ord.XXI of 1909.\n\nThese arbitration arrangements are not dissimilar to the provisions of Sections 31/34 of the Opium Ordinance 1909.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-409 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [1-3].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 448452,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-412 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [7-8]",
        "page_number": 158,
        "title": "CO129-412 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [7-8]",
        "content_text": "150\n\nHONG KONG\n\n32785\n\n52785 THEC REG 29 AUG 14)\n\nMary Conf\n\n1914\n\n23 Vely\n\nLast previous Paper.\n\n32916\n\nAnsa\n\n3x Ex.243\n\n18 Rept.\n\nNext subsequent Paper.\n\nCA\n\n3554\n\n10\n\nMr. Gompertz\n\nsending copy letter from him asking\n\nthat he be considered for promotion\n\nto the principal line.\n\nCold Sir G. Smith 2/Lu also for /32716\n\nI presume your Company's\n\nrecommendation will be considered.\n\nup\n\nham\n\n: haply that as he is away, it has been noted for comment.\n\nyes\n\nA\n\nJR 4/9/4\n\ncome who only a\n\nLists]\n\nyone ? As proposed\n\n(88,106) W.I.31,086—13, 45,000, 12/18, A & B W.\n\nFich.\n\nArc\n\n7.9.\n\nIk\n\n7/9/14 85.0. 12/9/14\n\nwith be\n\nMS.\n\nRal\n\n791144",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-412 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [7-8].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 449968,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-415 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [12]",
        "page_number": 120,
        "title": "CO129-415 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [12]",
        "content_text": "-4-\n\n116\n\nt\n\nistofīlu aunt, vor bres of du gaixes eta nol\n\nBORAN; DEMOð al bas,ɓanselý od neo mint doidy aml tremusob\n\ndołdy at Boy xol yet\"o‡‡å to \"awɔ¶ veɑ 8 bezanern esno te ev\n\n- Joatduɛ deitigů s el tien ‚uk daft batain pianeige et d\n\nal rentedw lim♬ A amv8 10 cranitud eď♪ to zojaitron\" slog el\n\nGAT JA‡ bas,vefomză cod tiull & acul revezedw za brotharë\n\n„Til deitită a ei ŒTI\n\nTeatrožja lo rewof war eidt tæenery of voy diniy el\n\nod ung eɛivbɛ av brs + QUBONGO YLa di suoyas of zo inkl edt ot\n\nE.Lecloud toerabut at ernesti so Tedredo a deg of TUOVANĚNO\n\nto tewol aid♪ ton to æld at bøesour, woy teltedy Jud,au fol .wil zuo to y‡lisasidan add avour of mollium Trim younotta ow .Jiu dtei ett lɔ muovel quoy gatvioner øzniel\n\n„bejaky vijsegtu eta ez.7 toy deit voy why of beatmveteb\n\nDog arty of onls bas midt gatoð To Xaids VIIJE UN\n\nTecToJJA 10 newɔl Ilam c'gab-ot vd galbuswrol ans em je it etiuw od antog ett ev amið enĽ 9:!) ja tud jevode adt załVOTE garlies dobrod ni moits707700 goiánsz tadgnade a gnoïznol edt\n\n[as .ɛ7.1 yd timer of chasiti gaɔ%zaok Ižadi tountant of ment\n\n.au To】 MidKilave ed yam foliw zeigos\n\neaul sodiɛ wɔy of bergide evad e- tadt ball #W\n\nejaesgiin yas bbs ni:t of leeri ebong lo dizów 0nnaa tuoda\n\neir tt CHE Javoso grudesi no bevisse: ovod yaɑ voy doldw at ecogelb of goitinoq e ni ed blvade vot tab-of tó tant egod\n\n.THUOMS Tis) 1⁄2 TuOval quo\n\nEAD CUITOjLzok a taåt exava ed Lily voy Jduob o\n\nedź no bae [Iłw dołdw teuguá lo ftet eft no botnetz neć\n\n.Tedata0 10 db\n\ne evoda bediyseeb neoasjempstło #d‡ obαU\n\nMILJ700 8 of mutzotazol edt to seu elem of tud maitro on bed extent.\n\nSince then however we have succeedad in paying off part and all will be paid before the end of this month, and to enable us to do this we want your remittances.\n\nshipments.\n\nWe have made no difference at all as to OUT\n\nWe have insured as you know everything against War Risk but we ask you to do all you possibly can to get the extra expense of War risk and increased rate of freight re-funded. Te may say that in all our other markets these extra charges have been paid by the customers.\n\nWe further wish you to note that we are most anxious to do all the sound business which can be done, and to use every possible opening which may come your way in consequence of some of the German firms having been incapacitated.\n\nYou are asking us to ship all our goods by Holt Steamera (i.e. Blue Funnel line) and this you will have found has been done.\n\nIf you wish any further consignments in any of the Cantoon3, Drills, etc., please consignment lines like Venetians, do not hesitate, and wire, because now may be the time for buying somewhat cheaper, but the moment that business commences then there is very little doubt that prices will go up in leaps but please bear in mind that we do not want to encourage you to do speculative business of any description.\n\nTo were pleased that you describe business as fairly good, and that the off-tare in Sundries has been particularly good.\n\nRoping to soon receive your good news,\n\nWe remain, Dear Mr. Feimann,\n\nYours truly,\n\nBuze & Reif.\n\nPage 120\n\nPage 121",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-415 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [12].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 455584,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-424 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [9-10]",
        "page_number": 280,
        "title": "CO129-424 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [9-10]",
        "content_text": "## STATIONS IN LONDON\n\n| Telenor No | Address |\n| --- | --- |\n| 2628 Gerrard | TELEGRAPHIC Address: SIGNALLY, AVE, LONDON. Electra House, Finsbury Pavement, E.C. |\n| 3632 London Wall | (4 Linda) 3632 London Wall - 11. Old Broad Street, E.C. |\n| 449. Strand, W.C. | (Charing Cross) |\n| 4408 Avenue | TELEGRAM SIGNALLY, AVE, LONDON |\n| 2942 Hop | \"The Baltic,\" Bury St. Extrance, B.C. |\n| 851 Avenue | 6. Berikan Street, Borough, S.E. |\n| 2616 Gerrard | 8. Leadenhall Street, E.C. |\n| 1014 Holborn | 41 & 42. Parliament Street, S.W. |\n| 862 Avenue | 37. Holburn Viaduct, E.C. |\n|  | Market Buildings, ap, Mincing Lane-26, Mark Lane, E.C. |\n|  | Foreign Auction Mart, Covent Garden, W.C. |\n\n**Head Office:**  \nElectra House, Finsbury Pavement, E.C.\n\n**Telegraphic Address:**  \n\"SIGNALLY, AVE,\" LONDON.\n\n**TELEGRAM**  \nTelephone.— `9632 LONDON WALL` (44)\n\nISSUED FROM CHIEF CABLE STATION, ELECTRA HOUSE, FINSBURY PAVEMENT.  \nREPLIES SHOULD BE ORDERED Via Eastern.  \nDoubtful words should be OFFICIALLY repeated. Sea Rule Cook.  \nNo inquiry respecting this Telegram can be attended to without producing this Copy.  \nSee back of form for list of Company's Stations in London and Telephone Numbers.\n\n| Clerk's Name and Date | Time Received |\n| --- | --- |\n| 4/14/6.3 | 30 |\n\n**ORIGINAL**  \n257 ANABAS SILVERGRAY  \nhemark Chap Brus  \nTIME 275  \n174 LETTERS  \nfouter Cizela  \nA, NË Inger Circle  \nP.M.  \nR  \nOF THE CLOCK  \nExamples, PW −3.46 p.m.  \nimmediali nchi..  \nIF ABREUVO IR }  \nHL - 6.56 mm.  \nNo.\n\n**Telephone:** `1127 LONDON WALL`.  \n**Telegraphic Address:**-\"EASTERN AVE.\" LONDON.\n\n5 OCT  \nStafidh from. Į jess, Orig. Time\n\nIn my spetuos прочны  \nr's DESIRED ORIGINAC THE ONLY EFFECTIVE STEP  \nwould be  \nlu  \nto take  \nTOUCHPIECE SPURWHEEL  \nSUMMARY IP I'ROMANTE  \nSTRIKE  \nCOMPANIES  \n\"M the OFFSOUM  \nL  \nd  \nthat  \nfroe ponderabin.  \nnumber of  \nNUNALE APPARENT ENEMY SATINAGE  \nREGISTER | ORĀTĀRIS  \nhaseholde  \nPLECOSTES  \ndi IMMINGLED  \nLAST ANNUAL SUMMARY  \nMAY  \n5/45  \nRear  \n246",
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    },
    {
        "id": 456943,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 259,
        "title": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "with important interests demanding protection and urgent problems calling for solution. It is melancholy to have to report that they failed miserably, but the causes of this failure are not far to seek. Authority is divided between the Chiang Chun and the Civil Governor, and the jealousy normally existing between them was turned into an open quarrel by the action of the Central Government in transferring the control of the gendarmerie from the latter to the former. Both, moreover, are liable to constant interference from the State Council and from the various boards in Peking. This was especially noticeable in the case of the Board of Communications. The employés of this board appear to come from a class which is entirely self-seeking and devoid of patriotism and, as in Turkey, they are easily seduced by the arts of which the Germans are such past masters. The higher provincial officials were not at all so amenable to German influence, but they seemed to have little to say in the management of the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway, with the result that for several weeks after the outbreak of war the Germans, besides absolutely controlling the Shantung Railway, were able to use the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway almost as they pleased. A long list of breaches of neutrality could be compiled if necessary. The most flagrant cases, however, were the return of the Austrian crew of the \"Kaiserin Elizabeth\" from Tien-tsin, and the conveyance by the German consul at Nanking of two boxes containing munitions of war—believed to be mines—to Tsingtao. The authorities at Tsinan had ample warning with regard to these boxes but did nothing so that, with the active assistance of German employés of the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway, they were safely conveyed to the station of the Shantung Railway and thence to Tsingtao.\n\nThe Japanese, who were chiefly concerned, took no serious steps with regard to these breaches of neutrality, and were probably secretly pleased, for reasons of their own, that they should occur. As no British interests seemed to be involved I confined myself to offering friendly advice to the Chinese as occasion served. At an early stage I warned the Chiang Chun that the free use of the Shantung Railway might justify a belligerent in seizing the whole line. He was evidently afraid to assert any rights over this line, and I therefore suggested that he might at all events cut the connection between the Shantung and the Tien-tsin Railways and thus minimise the danger of abuses, but he was unable to adopt so drastic a measure on his own responsibility. On another occasion I suggested to the Commissioner for Foreign Affairs that neutrality would be better preserved if British officials from the southern section of the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway were allowed to function as far north as Tsinan in lieu of German employés. He submitted the suggestion to the directors of the railway, who returned a blank refusal. Thus, partly through indecision, and partly through corruption, the Chinese failed to avert the Japanese occupation of the railway, though the danger was plain from the beginning.\n\nThe same indecision was seen in the handling of the Chinese troops in Shantung. The Chiang Chun early suspected that the Japanese might land at Lungkow, and therefore drafted large bodies of troops into the east of the province. When the Japanese came, however, the troops in obedience to orders from Peking were all withdrawn to Wei-hsien. The principal anxiety of the Chinese then became to prevent the Japanese advancing west of Wei-hsien, and they thought this object had been achieved when, with the consent of Japan, a war zone was marked out running east of that place. They were, therefore, all the more surprised and chagrined when a Japanese detachment seized the Wei-hsien railway station. Reinforcements amounting to about 2,000 men were hurriedly sent to Wei-hsien, but this was a foolish and inopportune move as there was never any real intention of opposing the Japanese by force. The best that can be said for the Chinese is that their decision not to fight was at any rate a wise one.\n\nThe formal determination of the status of the Japanese in Shantung must await the fall of Tsingtao, but there is no question that, at the very least, they have succeeded in full to the position hitherto held by the Germans. In this connection I am able to relate an interesting piece of secret history. When the Shantung Railway was completed the Chinese cast about for some method of rescuing the province from the grip of the Germans. One expedient was to open Tsinan to foreign trade and residence, a measure which subsequently achieved much success. Yang Shih-hsiang, who succeeded Yuan Shih-kai as Viceroy of Chibli and was at that time Governor of Shantung, conceived the brilliant idea of inviting in the Japanese as a counterpoise to the Germans. A plot in the settlement was granted on fifty years' lease (instead of thirty years, as provided in the regulations) for a Japanese consulate, and the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha were allowed to reserve a plot on the understanding that no rent should be paid till they actually built on it. This plot, in defiance of the regulations—still stands empty in the busiest part of the settlement. Many small Japanese traders flocked into Tsinan in response to the Governor's invitation and opened shops in the city, where they were a thorn in the side of the officials, and now, finally, by the irony of fate, the Japanese have ousted the Germans altogether, and are likely to prove by far the harder taskmasters of the two. There is every likelihood that Eastern Shantung will become another South Manchuria, and British trade interests (which are rapidly increasing in importance in this province) view the prospect with much uneasiness. The British-American Tobacco Company have been the principal sufferers in the past from unfair Japanese competition, and I understand that they are considering steps to meet the present situation.\n\nWith regard to the conduct of Japanese troops in Shantung, full evidence is not yet available, but I think the following are just conclusions: The soldiers have been under good discipline and Japan has been anxious that they should behave well, but the Japanese soldier and subordinate officer is frequently an overbearing bully who shoots first and enquires afterwards. There have consequently been many cases of wanton killing of Chinese. Moreover, the troops have been billeted in Chinese houses, with the inevitable result that women have been raped. On the other hand, this crime, when detected, has been punished with instant death. For this I have the word of an Englishman who saw a Japanese soldier summarily shot for interfering with a Chinese woman. The stories spread by the Germans about the Japanese are, of course, outrageous lies, but their only result seems to have been to cause a stupid panic among their own women and children. On the other hand, reports in English newspapers have in some cases been too favourable, chiefly because the Japanese, with great skill, allowed English journalists to see only what they were intended to see.\n\nMany wealthy Chinese fled from the war zone on the arrival of the Japanese, and of course suffered much thereby. The poorer classes had to stay, but I think it is fair to assume that, individual cases apart, they have benefited on the whole by the arrival in their midst of large numbers of troops with money to spend.\n\nPage 9\n\nTsinan, in common with other places, is enjoying the benefits of a German press campaign. When war broke out Herr Ballin's blackmailing news factory was not in working order in Shantung. The German community therefore decided to subscribe to Reuter's telegrams, and at my invitation the rest of the foreign community and the Chinese officials agreed to join, with the result that I found myself charged with the laborious task of receiving the telegrams and typing and distributing copies to nearly forty subscribers. A few days later the German organisation got to work. The Deutsch-Asiatische Bank received telegrams which were posted up in Chinese outside its gates, and a German commercial paper printed in Chinese in Shanghai, the \"Hsieh Ho Pao,\" published a daily broadsheet in Tsinan, reproducing these telegrams and other news translated from the German press. Efforts were made both by the bank and the German consul to induce the Governor to pass on the bank's telegrams to the native press.\n\nThis he stoutly refused to do, and indeed at first the native press were reluctant to publish the telegrams at all, and applied to me for the Reuter's instead. Subsequently they published both sets of telegrams, and, acting on official instructions, endeavoured to show no partiality for either. Meanwhile for several weeks the Germans showed much activity in posting up the \"Hsieh Ho Pao\" war news sheet all over the city, but, about the time of the German retreat from before Paris this activity slackened, and it was only to be found in German shops and hotels. At about the same time the Japanese produced a broadsheet, the \"Chi Lu Jih Pao,\" and proved themselves much more efficient at this kind of organisation than the Germans. The \"Hsieh Ho Pao\" merely slavishly translated all that appeared in the German newspapers for European consumption, but the Japanese takes pains to publish what is chiefly of interest to Chinese readers, and the \"Ch'i Lu Jih Pao\" is still widely placarded all over Tsinan and in the towns along the Shantung Railway.\n\nAt the end of August the Germans refused in a body to continue their subscriptions to Reuter's telegrams, but as it was of great importance that there should be a supply of news other than from polluted German sources, I induced many of the up-country mission stations to subscribe, and was thus able to keep up the service. Up to the present, therefore, I continue to supply practically all the British and American communities in Shantung, as well as the Chinese officials and newspapers in Tsinan, with Reuter's telegrams. The task is extremely irksome and laborious, but it is important that it should not be allowed to drop.\n\nPage 12\n\nPage 22\n\nIt is satisfactory to be able to report that the province, in spite of war and floods, still remains completely tranquil, and is, indeed, normally free from brigandage—a state of things for which the local officials deserve much credit. Provincial finances have\n\nPage 27\n\n254",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915.txt",
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        "id": 459652,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-430 - Others & Individuals - 1915",
        "page_number": 507,
        "title": "CO129-430 - Others & Individuals - 1915",
        "content_text": "HONG KONG\n\n609\n\n488\n\n14609\n\nSun Yat-sen Judicial Refugee, Stirring this fin\n\n1915 28 March (Telm)\n\nLast previous Paper.\n\n70\n\nCons\n\n31 Mch 15\n\nSo for hel 12 Apr 10508/15\n\nNext subsequent Paper.\n\nLo\n\n16503:\n\n(8,195)\n\n(107,080)\n\nappeals for Hling Authorities libe\n\nmaliciously branded justice\n\nfalsely accused\n\nIn Rotfrom Cottinis.\n\nfore\n\n5\n\nin case of.\n\nThis might have been wads\n\nilluminating. Possibly\n\nhe can't have\n\nI ou\n\nLu ho\n\nA\n\nLu\n\nCopy 7.0.\n\nTTB\n\n29/3/16\n\n70\n\nJudy\n\nKnow something.\n\nthis!\n\nacquitted on\n\nRooms\n\n47\n\npoint in arguing 2.0. po obrons.\n\nit is clear from the tel that the Chinese have pressed for the extraction\n\nvag\n\nof Sung & that Sun Yat Sen that they want him on political grounds & have trumped up a\n\n31,097–81. 49,000. 11/14.\n\nSound & have\n\n\"case against him\n\ntheir",
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    {
        "id": 460725,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-432 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [3-5]",
        "page_number": 206,
        "title": "CO129-432 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [3-5]",
        "content_text": "# To mid-dosgro add 12 km yom\n\nTranslation of a despatch from the Board to the \nYush Han Railway Company.\n\nIt has been found that as a general rule all railway lines should be connected with each other with the view to facilitate change of traffic with one another, for the nature of a railway is for transportation of goods and passengers.\n\nAs the Yush Han Railway line now runs in such a manner that at one end of it there lies the Lu Pek and Hankow line while at the other there lies the Canton Kowloon Railway, there would be a considerable increase of traffic should these two lines be connected, therefore there must be no delay in having them connected.\n\nDuring the senior secretary's visit to Canton on the 4th, noon of this year, while the officer Lung of this Board was on special duty at Canton, he proceeded with the Managing Director Yel and the Secretary Chan to your Railway. At this meeting the Board would do a favour to your Railway Company by making a concession to allow your Company to construct the branch line connecting the Canton Kowloon Railway line.\n\nThe Provident Loo, the Directors, and Engineer Kwong produced a plan to fix the location of the branch line.\n\nAs this Board is in charge of all the Railways in China, whether they are administered by the Government or Merchants, I will try my utmost to promote the best interests of all the Railways. As long time has elapsed, no report has been submitted to me as to the management of the constructional work.\n\nAs now the Canton Kowloon Railway will shortly be opened to traffic, there must be no delay in the line connected. Therefore, you should act according to the arrangement to start the constructional work at once so that there may be no obstruction in the way of exchanging traffic with each other.\n\nWhen you are in receipt of this despatch, you will please notify me with the arrangements in detail, while I hope you will submit me a report as to the progress of affairs.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-432 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [3-5].txt",
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    {
        "id": 463537,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]",
        "page_number": 629,
        "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]",
        "content_text": "# HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\nthat there was an increase of $44,000 in this vote, chiefly due to Mr. Kadoorie handing over the Ellis Kadoorie School to the Government. We have known Mr. Kadoorie for a considerable number of years, and this is yet one more instance of the generosity displayed by him towards his fellow residents. I can only gladly endorse the remarks made by your Excellency on his generosity in this matter. Coming now to public work, although the extension of the Central Police Station has entailed a large expenditure on the Colony, we realise the pressing need there was for this work, and it is only to be regretted that it was not carried out earlier. We are glad to see that the Aberdeen to Deep Water Bay road has been proceeded with, and we hope before very long the Stanley Road will be made available for carriage traffic.\n\nApparently with regard to Tai Tam Tuk, good progress is being made. The revised estimate came to $2,400,000, and the estimated expenditure up to the end of this year is $589,000. The estimate for 1915 is $700,000, leaving a balance of $1,100,000 to be expended to carry out the work. I have given the hon. Director of Public Works notice of what I am going to refer to, and I understand he will be able to give us the gratifying assurance that this work will be completed by the end of 1917, at the estimated cost. The revised estimate for the Mong Kok Tsui refuge is $2,301,600. The expenditure to the end of this year has been nearly $1 million, and the grant for next year has been put down at $212,000, which is about $130,000 under the estimate. I trust that this work will be thoroughly completed for that sum and done next year. If so, it will be very satisfactory in both senses - in the work being carried out so well in a short space of time, and in the somewhat unusual circumstance that a Government estimate has not been exceeded.\n\nWith regard to the New Territories, the improvement in the Kowloon-Taipo Road is very satisfactory, and I would ask the Director of Public Works to tell us when that road will be completed to the frontier, including the carriage bridge over Taipo creek. I have always urged, as your Excellency knows, the completion of the road from Taipo to the frontier, so as to link up Kowloon by a carriage and motor road with the outlying parts of the New Territory, and it seems to me that the value both from a police and a military point of view is enormous. I trust it will be completed at an early date.\n\nThere are one or two smaller questions, but a very important one is the question of the development of Old Kowloon City. There is the question of the extension of the road from Nga Lu Tau to Kowloon City; from Mau Tau Wai to Kowloon Tong; and from Tai Shek Koo to Tai Pat Cheong. Another subject to which I wish to refer is wireless. I think we have already spent some $20,000 on this. The estimate on page 95 is for $80,000, and on page 102 $20,000 for stock. I understand the bulk of this apparatus is already in the Colony, and I have been informed informally - I hope the Director of Public Works will correct me if I am wrong - that before the next seven or eight months this valuable station will be in working order.\n\nAs your Excellency knows, in my capacity as a member of this Council, as Chairman of the Chamber of Commerce and representative of shipping companies, I have for several years urged on the Imperial Government the construction of a high-power wireless station in the interests of shipping in this Colony. We were put off without any effect at all, with all sorts of excuses that further inquiries and further experiments had to be made. What is the result? We know that Germany has for many years been preparing for a European war, the main object of which was to obtain the British Empire and British trade. She has erected high-power stations in all parts of the world on alien territory as well as on her own territory, stations which enable her to speak across the Atlantic and the Pacific. Now that war has broken out, we find Germany with high-power stations enabling her to communicate all round the world, and we have not got anything worth speaking of. The only station we have here is a comparatively low-power station on the Tamar, and even in Singapore, which is the centre of the long line of high-power stations from London to New Zealand, at the outbreak of hostilities the only station they had was put up in a hurry with apparatus taken from one of the ships. I state, Sir, without fear of contradiction, that it is absolutely a scandal that we as the greatest oversea Power in the world are caught napping.\n\nHIS EXCELLENCY - The hon. member is travelling outside the subject of these estimates.\n\nHIS EXCELLENCY - The point is that this is an Imperial question.\n\nHON. MR. HEWETT - I trust you do not suppose, Sir, that I reflect in any way upon the Hongkong Government. I know you have done everything possible. The fault lies with some Department in London, because we considered the time was not opportune, but it must not be supposed that we are satisfied with the present state of affairs, and we trust later on to have an opportunity of again discussing the subject. I hope hon. members do not think I have been unduly long in discussing the Estimates, but I have done my best to carry out the wishes of my colleagues on the various points we had under consideration.\n\nI now beg to state that when we come to the vote I shall move the reduction of the Harbour Department vote by $10,000. I will also move a further resolution for the adjournment of this debate, which, I understand, is necessary before I have the right to reply to your Excellency. I do not say I shall want to reply, but I should like to have the opportunity of doing so if necessary.\n\nI have very little more to say, Sir. As far as I can make out by roughly adding up the figures, I find there is an increase under appointments in the Public Works Department which amounts to about $20,000, and in the Post Office amounting to about $22,000. I wish to direct attention to this constant increase in the personnel of the Government staff. It has been going on all the time. I have had on many occasions to refer to it. Of course, I know your Excellency and the heads of departments are anxious not to increase in that direction, still the increase goes on, and they come in under the pension scheme and are a charge on the Widows' and Orphans' Fund. As I said in the early part of my remarks, the financial position of the Colony is such that we ought to conserve our resources in every possible way.\n\nWith reference to the charge on the public debt, I remember many years ago, when this question was discussed, how various individual ratepayers stated that they considered all these high public works should be paid for on long loan. Fortunately, my predecessors - Sir Henry particularly was one, and I believe your Excellency also holds the same view - were of opinion that so far as possible all public works, public buildings, and even public works which might possibly be remunerative, should be paid as far as possible out of current revenue or by short loan. That policy has fortunately been followed; otherwise, had we not done so, the present condition of the Colony would have been far more unsatisfactory than it is. We would have been weighted down with a heavy permanent debt which we could ill afford to meet.\n\nThere is one other question which we do not discuss in connection with the Estimates - the Military Contribution - and I would like to make a remark about it. When dealing with this question it is always brought forward by special resolution, and that was done by me when the estimates for last year were considered.\n\nHON. MR. POLLOCK - Sir, the very full remarks made by the hon. member opposite will render it necessary for me to occupy the time of this Council for a few minutes only. As my hon. friend has pointed out, apart from the revenue derived from opium, we should be in a rather parlous financial condition in this Colony, and, Sir, it is in bearing that fact in view that I venture to make a suggestion to this Government in connection with the opium question.\n\nI am sure, Sir, that everybody must deplore the fact that there is a certain percentage of people who smoke opium with very deplorable results. And we must equally deplore the fact that when we come to other stimulants such as alcohol, there is also a percentage of people, possibly a good deal higher percentage, who use those stimulants to excess.\n\nWith regard to opium, we have at all events a certain amount of solid ground to go upon with regard to the proportion of excess of opium smokers, because your Excellency will remember that a very able member of this service, who has now gone to another Colony, in a pamphlet which was laid on the table of this Council a few years ago, worked out very carefully by statistics the question of opium consumption, and he arrived at the conclusion that the proportion of opium smokers who smoked to excess...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt",
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        "id": 464453,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916",
        "page_number": 13,
        "title": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916",
        "content_text": "# SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE, 24 DECEMBER, 1915.\n\n## Page 7\n\nFa Hsing, Tien-tain.  \nFairchild, F. A.  \nFar Eastern Geographical Establishment.  \nFarley, W. A.  \nFarmer, F. D., & Co.  \nFearon, Daniel, & Co.  \nFederal Life Assurance Company of Canada.  \nFengtien District Inspectorate of Salt Revenue.  \nFerguson, J. C. G.  \nFerretti.  \nFielding, H. R.  \nFindlay, Richardson, & Co.  \nFirth, W., & Sons.  \nFobes & ta.  \nFohkien Mercantile Co., Foochow.  \nFoo Tai Company, Hankow.  \nFoochow Dock & Arsenal, Pagoda Anchorage.  \nFoachow Native Hospital.  \nFoochow Pharmacy.  \nForbes & Co., William.  \nFoster, McClellan, & Co.  \nFrankau, A., & Co. Limited.  \nFrazar & Co.  \nFrazer, E. W.  \nFrench Bakery.  \nTu Seng, W. & Co., Foochow.  \nFu Shing Tai, Tien-tein.  \nFuchs, H., & Co. (Rint'ai Stores).  \nFujita & Co., Mukden.  \nFukien Drug Company.  \nFukul & Co., Shanghai.  \nFung Tang, Shanghai.  \nFurukawa & Co., Shanghai,  \nFutcher, J. W.  \n\n## Page 3 (continued on another page, not shown in the snippet)\n\n... (text not shown)\n\n## Page 11\n\nGabhai, M. N., & Co.  \nGadai, Yoko.  \nGaillard.  \nGakuyodo Mori, Shameen.  \nGallusser & Co.  \nGande, Price, & Co.  \nGarner, Quelch, & Co.  \nGates, F.  \nGeddes & Co.  \n**General Accident, Fire, & Life Assurance Company.**  \nGeneral Electric Company.  \nGeneral Electric Company of China Limited.  \nGeneral Electric Company of New York.  \nGerassime Touliatos.  \nGerin, Drevard, & Co.  \nGibb, Livingston, & Co.  \nGibbons, J., & Co.  \nGillard, G. M., & Co.  \nGillespie & Co.  \nGilman & Co.  \nGing Chong Hung & Co.  \nGittins & Co.  \nGlaxo.  \nGlen Line Steamers,  \nGoldenberg, H., & Co.  \nGordes.  \nGordon & Co.  \nGovernment Universities in China.  \nGoyet, Shanghai.  \nGrand Hôtel des Wagons-Lite, Peking.  \nGrant, Archibald.  \nGreat China Dispensary.  \nGreat Eastern Co., Ltd., Shanghai.  \nGreat Eastern Dispensary.  \nGreat Northern Telegraph Company,  \nGreer, H. & W., Limited.  \nGreig, M. W., & Co.  \nGrenard, Bettines, & Co.  \nGriffith, T. E.. Limited.  \nGriffiths' Butchery.  \nGrimes, A. O.  \nGrimshaw, R.  \nGrosjean & Co.  \nGrundy, R.  \nGuarantee Trust.  \nGula Kalumpang Rubber Estates Limited.  \nHall & Holtz Limited.  \nHan Yeh Ping Iron & Coal Company.  \nHanda Menko, Shanghai.  \nHankow Club Ltd.  \nHankow Dispensary Limited.  \nHankow Ice Works (Corsane, Anderson, & Co.)  \nHankow Light & Power Company.  \nHankow Printing Office.  \nHankow Race Club & Recreation Ground Ltd.  \nHankow Waterworks.  \nHankow Wharf & Godown Company, Ltd.  \nHardoon, S. A.  \nHardy, Walter.  \nHarper, Ralph, & Co.  \nHarvey's Billposting Agency.  \nHarvie, Cook, & Co.  \nHarvie, J. A.  \nIIatch, Carter, & Co.  \nHattori, Yoko.  \nHeath & Co. Limited.  \nHeath, P., and Co.  \nHeffer, F. C., & Co.  \nHeiman, S. S,  \nHeisch, P. F.  \nHemmerdinger Frères.  \nHemmings & Berkley.  \nHeng, Chang, Ter, Newchang.  \nHeng Cheong & Co., Amoy,  \nHérou, Charles, & Co.  \nHetherington, J., & Sons,  \nHewett, W., & Co.  \nHipwell, P.  \nHirao & Co., Antung.  \nHirsbrunner & Co.  \nHo En Seong, Nanking.  \nHolgate, L. G.  \nHolland-China Trading Company.  \nHolliday, C., & Co.  \nHolt's Wharf.  \nHong Kong Fire Insurance Company.  \nHong Kong and Shanghai Bank.  \nHopkins, Dunn, & Co.  \nHorrobin, S. L.  \nHorse Bazaar and Motor Company.  \nHôtel de France.  \nHôtel de la Paix,  \nHôtel de Pékin.  \nHouvenier-Mason, Scheidler, & Co.  \nHowarth, Richard, & Co.  \nHsin Kong & Co., Shanghai,  \nHsing Tai, Shanghai.  \nHua Eng Tai, Swatow.  \nHua Mui Dispensary, Swatow.  \nHubbard, E. W.  \nHumphrey, W. G.  \nHung Chong Ter, Newchang.  \nHung, Dab, & Co., Shanghai.  \nHunt, Newchang.  \nHupei Government Cotton Mill,  \nHutchison, Herbert, & Co.  \nHutchison, J. D.  \nFah Leng Dispensary, Swatow.  \nJah Siu Dispensary, Swatow.  \nTak Sang Dispensary, Swatow.  \nIlbert & Co.  \nImperial Hotel Limited,  \nIndo-China Steam Navigation Company.  \nIndra Line of Steamers.  \n\n# SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE, 24 DECEMBER, 1915. 12817\n\nInnis & Riddle.  \nInshallah Dairy Farm and Stock Company.  \nInternational Bank.  \nInternational Bicycle Company.  \nInternational Book and Stationery Store.  \nInternational Cotton Manufacture Company.  \nInternational Dispensary, Shanghai.  \nInternational Dock, Shanghai,  \nInternational Estate and Finance, Shanghai,  \nInternational Export Company, Hankow.  \nInternational Saving Society, Shanghai.  \nIsenman & Smith, Drs.  \nItalian-Chinese Import and Export Company.  \nIto, G., Shanghai.  \nItoh, C., & Co., Shanghai.  \nIvy Dairy.  \nIvy, Dr.  \nJacks, William, & Co.  \nJapanese Red Cross Hospital, Mukden.  \nJapanese Post and Telegraphs in Manchuria.  \nJaques, A. H., & Co.  \nJardine, Matheson, & Co.  \nJava Consolidated Rubber and Coffee Estate.  \nJava Sea and Fire Insurance Company.  \nJensen, G. S.  \nJia Ann Dispensary, Swatow.  \nJoseph Bros.  \nJun Chee, Tien-tein.  \nJuvet Leo, Tien-tain.  \nKailan Mining Administration.  \nKaitendo Company, Newchang.  \nKakiage, Yoko, Shanghai.  \nKale, E.  \nKalee Hotel Limited.  \nKalgan Dairy Farm.  \nKameya (Kamaya), S., & Co., Antung.  \nKansaki & Co., Newchang.  \nKapayang Rubber Estate Company Limited.  \nKaratzas Bros.  \nKashimura Company, Tientsin,  \nKato & Co.  \nKay, W., & Co.  \nKaye, C. B., & Co.  \nKelly & Walsh Limited.  \nKemp, Thomas, & Co.  \nKempton.  \nKermani, R. S., Shanghai.  \nKeylock, Pratt, and Hobbs.  \nKeystone Tobacco Company Limited.  \nKiangnan Dock and Engineering Works.  \nKlemantaski, Bates, & Co.  \nKo Bros., Amoy.  \nKochien Transport and Towboat Company Limited.  \nKodera & Co.  \nKong Yik Cotton Spinning and Weaving Company.  \nKoushyn, N. N., Limited, Shanghai.  \nKroewoek Java Plantations Limited.  \nKua, Seng, Watt, & Co., Amoy.  \nKwong Chek Dispensary, Swatow  \nKwong Fat Yuen, Shanghai.  \nKwong Wo Company, Canton.  \nLa Belle Jardinière (E. A. Culpeck).  \nLalcacca & Co.  \nLam Fong Drug Company, Amoy.  \nLand Investment Company Limited.  \nLane, Crawford, & Co. Limited.  \nLangkat Company, Shanghai.  \nLao Sen Kee, Hankow.  \nLaon Kung Mow Cotton Spinning and Weaving Company.  \nLarge, F., & Co.  \nLau, Bittakshing, & Co., Canton.  \nLau, E. C., Foochow  \nLau Tsz Wai, Shameen.  \nLau, Woodland, & Co., Canton.  \nLaurent, Marius.  \nLavers & Clark.  \nLaw, H. D., & Co.  \nLe Lion.  \nLe Munyon.  \nLee Bros. & Co., Canton.  \nLeeds, E. S.  \nLegation of Allied Powers, Peking.  \nLegation Pharmacy (J. Henderson).  \nLekhomall Pinyamall.  \nLem Pah Wo, Canton.  \nLem Tak Se, Swatow.  \nLester, Johnson, & Morriss.  \nLever Brothers, Limited.  \nLey, C.  \nLeyte, F.  \nLiang Dau An, Hankow.  \nLiao Conservancy Authority.  \nLias River Conservancy.  \nLiddell, Bros. & Co.  \nLiddell, K., & Co.  \nLih Teh Oil Mill Company Limited.  \nLim, E. V. S., & Co., Swatow.  \nLion, Lucien.  \nLittle, O. S.  \nLittle, William, & Co.  \nLitvinoff & Co.  \nLiverman, G. S., & Co. Limited.  \nLiverpool Salvage Association.  \nLlewellyn & Co. Limited.  \nLloyds.  \nLoa Hai Shing, Shanghai.  \nLoa-Wai Dispensary, Canton.  \nLondon Mission.  \nLondon Salvage Association.  \nLopato, A., & Sons, Limited.  \nLoup and Young.  \nLouvain.  \nLowe, Bingham, and Matthews.  \nLowe, F. H.  \nLoxley, W. R., & Co.  \nL.P. Medical Hall, Foochow.  \nLu Si, W. (Foochow Pharmacy).  \nLuen Steamship Company Limited.  \nLuk Wo & Co. (Luk Wo Dispensary), Canton.  \nMa Fel & Co., Shanghai,  \nMacbeth, Pawsey, & Co.  \nMacdonald, Ronald,  \nMacdonald, Thomas, & Co.  \nMacey & Co.  \nMackay, A. H., & Co.  \nMacKenzie, A. C.  \nMacKenzie & Co. Limited.  \nMackie, A., & Co.  \nMaclay & Co.  \nMactavish & Lehmann.  \nMacy, G. H., & Co.  \nMadier.  \nMagasin français d'Alimentation.  \nMagasins généraux.  \nMagill & Co.  \nMain, S. D.  \nMaison Parisienne (Au Petit Louvre).  \nMaitland & Co.  \nMaitland & Fearon.  \nMajor Brothers Limited,  \nMalthoid Roofing Manufacturers.  \nManchurian Company Limited.  \nManini, E., Hankow.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 467669,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-441 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 439,
        "title": "CO129-441 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG. 27th March, 1917.\n\nReferring to Mr. Bonar Law's Despatch No.314 of the 11th December, 1916, I have the honour to submit for the signification of His Majesty's pleasure the following Ordinance intituled:-\n\nAn Ordinance to repeal in part the Malay States Extradition Ordinance, 1903. No. 7 of 1917.\n\n2. The customary report by the Attorney-General is enclosed.\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nSir,\n\nYour most obedient,\n\nhumble servant,\n\nMay H. Meyrick\n\nGovernor,&c..\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE\n\nWALTER LONG, M.P.,\n\n&c., &c., &c.\n\nPage 2388\n\nXCR(20/6/17)\n\nAt once\n\n26.4.17\n\nNo. 100.\n\nSir,\n\nPage 401903\n\ncan be referred to in both,\n\nTremezzo, brave, the sole remaining State to which under the ad now\n\nGefen\n\nas the 1903\n\napplication\n\nordu remains\n\n? Dine, sanction accordingly, and\n\npoint out an\n\nabove then wor\n\nsanctioning the toe lu. after the\n\nTuner vanu\n\nfrassed\n\nDine has ban\n\nSer healy Italien 20243) the H.K.ada.\n\n \n^20/6/17\n\nAre\n\nNo.\n\nAG\n\n433",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-441 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [1-3].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 468657,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 420,
        "title": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "THE EASTERN TELEGRAPH COMPANY, LIMITED.\n\nClerk's Office\n\nFROM\n\n11 & 42, PARLIAMENT STREET, S.W.\n\nELECTRA HOUSE.\n\nCTIMS BURT PAVEMENT, EC.\n\n11, OLD BROAD STREET, E.C.\n\n8. LEADENHALL ST.\n\n20, MINCING LANE, E.C.\n\nor\n\n20, MARK LANE, E.C.\n\nLONDON STATIONS:-\n\n(3682 Wall) 4 Lines\n\n(3632 Wal)\n\n(852 Avenue)\n\n44710\n\nThe following TELEGRAM Received at...\n\nFrom Foreign\n\nChapelries Lu\n\nith muf to your tel. 30\n\nNo.\n\nHồng Kong\n\ntel. 30 Aug. I cannot\n\nNot of\n\nWords 48\n\nassume that\n\n87, HOLBORN VIADUCT, E.C. 149, STRAND, W.C.\n\n41 & 42, PARLIAMENT STREET, S.W. FOREIGN AUCTION HALL: COVENT THE BALTIC, ST. MARY AXE, E.C. 0, DENMAN STREET, BOROUGH, S.E.\n\n... (1014 Molbom)\n\n... (2828 Ger)\n\n(2516 Gara GARDEN, W.C.)\n\n(4408 Avonu) (2842 Hop)\n\n& Sept 17\n\nDated.\n\nTime....\n\nvid “Eastern.\"\n\n1/207\n\nnilateral catatina anturates meyerink is\n\nWhe\n\nall classes\n\nerely agent marsharp dispute silvergod will be fuecessary to\n\nviagrages Essign goodwill in cerectoth tmint twentyfour thirty four symposer rules\n\nWhen to\n\ný\n\ntrade mark\n\nother than\n\nTE\n\nvergod meyerink sold goods overswaren dunlops\n\nWould he difficult to D. mixable two clavoes silvergod it dificanti fix ingeneric for assignment silvergod repudiona\n\nsideration\n\ncout despatch July 22\n\nSimilar request\n\nfour tel. 29 bother\n\nfready refused despisem jerfalcon 1915 unseldom 195\n\nVia\n\nREPLIES SHOULD BE ORDERED ia Eastern,\n\nDoubtful words should be officially repeated. See Rule Book.\n\nMay &\n\nNo inquiry respecting this Telegram can be attended to without the production of this Copy.\n\nWaterlow & Sons Limited, Printers, London Wall, London.\n\nc.9,\n\nPage 420\n\nPage 421",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 469381,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "page_number": 255,
        "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "content_text": "2\n\nThe matter has already been mentioned to Mr. Brenan for communication to yourself, and I have the honour to request that you will telegraph to Mr. Eastes, British consul at Tengyueh, whom you have appointed British delegate, to act in conformity with the Governor's wishes.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\n(Seal of the Wai-chiao Pu.)\n\n3\n\namicably with the other Chinese and foreign delegates, and on his return to Peking, after completing his journey of enquiry, he will, without delay, submit a truthful report for the consideration of this Ministry.\n\nAn order.\n\nMarch, 1917.\n\nWU TING FANG.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nEnclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nCopies of Instructions issued by Wai-chiao Pu.\n\nInstructions from the Wai-chiao Pu to Mr. Ch'ien Kuang Hsi regarding the Joint Inspection of Kiangsi for Opium.\n\nTHE Opium Prohibition Agreement provides for the joint investigation of the provinces by Chinese and British officials, and such investigations have taken place on several occasions in past years,\n\nThe Governor of Kiangsi having now reported that poppy cultivation has been eradicated in his province, it becomes necessary to send a joint commission to enquire into the facts.\n\nMr. Ch'ien Kuang Hsi, Acting Junior Secretary, is hereby ordered to proceed to Kiangsi, and, together with the delegates appointed by the British Minister, the Ministry of the Interior and the Province of Kiangsi, to carry out a thorough investigation. In recording the results of the joint inspection he will co-operate amicably with the other Chinese and foreign delegates, and on his return to Peking, after completing his journey of enquiry, he will, without delay, submit a truthful report for the consideration of this Ministry.\n\nAn order.\n\nMarch 8, 1917.\n\nWU TING FANG,\n\nMinister for Foreign Affairs.\n\nInstructions issued by the Ministry of the Interior.\n\nMr. Mu Chia Yueh is hereby appointed deputy for the joint inspection of Kiangsi for opium cultivation.\n\nFAN YUAN LIEN,\n\nActing Minister of the Interior.\n\nMarch 12, 1917.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nInstructions from the Wai-chiao Pu to Mr. Lu Chun regarding the Joint Inspection of Shensi for Opium.\n\nThe Opium Prohibition Agreement provides for the joint investigation of the provinces by Chinese and British officials, and such investigations have taken place on several occasions in past years.\n\nThe Governor of Shensi having reported that poppy cultivation has been eradicated in his province, it becomes necessary to send a joint commission to enquire into the facts.\n\nMr. Lu Chun, senior secretary, is hereby ordered to proceed to Shensi, and together with Mr. Teichman, appointed by the British Minister, and Mr. Ts'ao Ya Po, appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, and the delegate appointed by the province of Shensi, to carry out a thorough investigation. In recording the results of the joint inspection he will co-operate amicably with the other Chinese and foreign delegates, and on his return to Peking, after completing his journey of enquiry, he will, without delay, submit a truthful report for the consideration of this Ministry.\n\nInstructions issued by the Ministry of the Interior.\n\nMr. Huang Chao Hsiung is hereby ordered to proceed to Kiangsi and carry out a joint investigation into the cultivation of the opium poppy.\n\nAn order.\n\nAn order.\n\nMarch, 1917.\n\nWU TING FANG,\n\nMinister for Foreign Affairs.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nFAN YUAN LIEN,\n\nActing Minister for the Interior.\n\nInstructions from the Wai-chiao Pu to Mr. Chao Hang Nien regarding the Joint Inspection of Kiangsu for Opium.\n\nThe Opium Prohibition Agreement provides for the joint investigation of the provinces by Chinese and British officials, and such investigations have taken place on several occasions in past years.\n\nThe Governor of Kiangsu having reported that poppy cultivation has been eradicated in his province, it becomes necessary to send a joint commission to enquire into the fact.\n\nMr. Chao Hang Nien, senior secretary, is hereby ordered to proceed to Kiangsu, and together with Mr. Toller, British consul at Ningpo, appointed by the British Minister as British delegate, and Mr. Mu Chia Yueh, appointed by the Ministry of the Interior and the deputy appointed by the province of Kiangsu, to carry out a thorough investigation. In recording the results of the joint inspection he will co-operate\n\nInstructions issued by the Ministry of the Interior.\n\nMr. Ts'ao Ya Po is hereby appointed deputy for the joint inspection of Shensi for opium cultivation.\n\nFAN YUAN LIEN,\n\nActing Minister of the Interior.\n\nMarch 7th, 1917.\n\n251",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 469429,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "page_number": 303,
        "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "content_text": "7\n\nseason, but that all had been uprooted by expeditions sent out in November and I see December, and there was no trace of any remaining when he came out.\n\nIt was no reason whatever to doubt this statement, but even if it was untrue, it was practically certain that there would not be a single plant left after his passing through; I therefore decided to take an entirely different road for our joint journey and selected the southern route via Poshang, the Tapeng ferry over the Mekong, Mengka, and Mengchu. This is a fairly well recognised, though little used, road, but I possess records of only isolated portions as having been previously traversed by British subjects.\n\nThe first two days' journey from Mienning via Poshang to Toukuo call for no special comment beyond the unusually good condition of the road-surface. Nature has so fashioned the province of Yunnan as to render it practically impossible for the road-builder to make the crooked straight; for some weeks prior to our passing through, however, human labour had done a great deal to make the rough places plain. In spite of pouring rain on the second day, we encountered no really serious obstacles.\n\nOn the 19th April, at the Taoyin's suggestion, we made a very early start in view of the formidable journey in front of us. After 6 miles of easy going, we reached the limits of the Mienning jurisdiction and bade farewell to the magistrate. No trace of opium poppy had we seen in his district, in which, as far as I could ascertain, he and his subordinates had carried out their suppression duties with exceptional thoroughness. The next 7 miles traversed a corner of what is now known as the Lants'ang (i.e., Mekong) district—formerly the sub-prefecture of Chênpien—and the going was very severe, though it must, in all fairness, be admitted that the country is extremely difficult, including a terrific descent for 3 miles through constantly subsiding red clay to the level of the River Mekong (2,750 feet). The crossing of the Mekong is effected in a single huge wooden boat with deep sides; mules and their loads are transported in this craft, the river-current being too swift to admit of the animals swimming across without danger. The ascent up the left or east bank of the Mekong is even more severe, and for 2 miles the ruling gradient is steeper than one in six. The consulate writer and I reached the halting-place about 2:20 P.M., followed about an hour later by the Taoyin and his party, who took up their quarters in a native hovel close to our selected camping site. Realising our discomfiture at the non-arrival of our mule-loads, Mr. Lu with friendly thoughtfulness sent us over a supply of tea and Australian biscuits, to which I at least did unhesitating justice. It was not till after sunset that the rest of my caravan turned up. At one of the steepest points of the descent to the Mekong the mule entrusted with my small but precious supply of glass and crockery had missed his footing and rolled headlong, load and all, for several hundred feet, and rescue had taken much time; further, heavy delay had been caused by the passage of the Mekong with but one unwieldy boat, to which the liveliest objection was displayed by most of the mules.\n\nTwo stages further, through pine-woods tenanted by peacocks and brilliant emerald-green parrots, brought us to the Chinese Shan town of Mêngka. At Tamotacho, the half-way halt, we came across a few families of Lahu race, said to be rapidly dying out in China. Given a plentiful supply of soap, water, and combs, the smaller children could, I am convinced, be made into strikingly pretty little gipsies.\n\nShortly before reaching Mêngka we were met by the Chingku district magistrate, La Kuang-shih, a Kuangsi man, who accompanied us so long as we continued in his extensive jurisdiction. Mêngka, the residence of a Shan Sawbwa, possesses also large temples and two monasteries in the Burmese Shan style; one in particular, over 200 years old, must have been very fine in bygone days.\n\nAt Liutsungt'eu'n, our halt mid-way between Mêngka and Mengchu, the Chinese Shan Sawbwa of the latter place, and Meng'an came over to pay his respects; both the excellence of his Chinese and his appearance gave the lie, I fancied, to his boasted pure Shan parentage. Mêng'an is one of the old Shan towns whence the original inhabitants have been practically ousted by the more thriving Chinese. Here, I was given fairly decent quarters in the temple of the god of war, now converted into a school, the discipline of which struck me as unusually good; the very natural curiosity at the arrival in their midst of the first white man ever beheld by any of the ninety scholars was never allowed to exceed the bounds of politeness.\n\nOn the 25th April, two days after leaving Mêngchu, we crossed the River Weiyuan (or Chingku, as it is now gradually becoming known) at Patieh. At this season of the year the stream is just fordable here: I managed, however, to find a place not much higher up where a swim proved welcomely refreshing. The next halt bore the ill-omened name of Ch'ou-Shui (\"Stinking Water\"), but I have stayed at many places in Yunnan where the water supply has been even worse. Two days later, after passing a few villages inhabited by natives of the strikingly handsome Puman race, we entered the Szemao district and were met by the local magistrate, Hsieh Shih; the following day, the 28th April, we arrived at Szemao, where spacious quarters were provided for me adjoining the Taoyin's Yamên. The Taoyin and magistrate pressed me to stay a week in Szemao; I consented to two days, but on the second day Mr. Lu urged that he still had important business to transact, and I could hardly refuse his request that we should postpone our departure for one more day. Both he and the magistrate were most hospitable during my stay, celebrated by two Chinese dinner-parties and a picnic.\n\nPrevious to my departure for Tengyuen, I had written to the commissioner of Szemao Customs, soliciting his co-operation to obtain for me, if possible, information on the subject of opium in the area under his cognisance. With that request M. R. de Nully, the commissioner (French), very courteously complied; he informed me quite definitely that, as the result of several punitive expeditions during the past winter, there was, as far as he was aware, no more cultivation of opium in the Szemao district, and that while probably at least 30 per cent. of the adult population of the town, both male and female, still continued to consume the drug, the enormous rise in price bore out his contention.\n\nFrom Szemao northwards towards Tali three routes were open to me; that via Chingku (Weiyuan) was ruled out by the fact that it had already been traversed by Lu Taoyin on his journey to Mienning to meet me; on the north-eastern route, via Talang—the main road to Yunnan-fu according to all the information I could obtain, a considerable quantity of opium had been grown, and harvested, earlier in the season, but very thorough measures of eradication had been carried out some weeks previously; I therefore decided to take the more direct but less frequented route via P'uêrh, Hsinfu (in Chênyüan district) and Chingtung.\n\nLeaving Szemao on the 2nd May, some three hours of travel, including a stiff climb, brought us to the boundary of the Puerh district, where the local magistrate, Chou Ju-chao, awaited us; the Szemao magistrate, however, continued to accompany us till the town of Puerh was reached the next day; on this day's journey our route crossed a splendid Chinese arched stone bridge, in admirable preservation. At Puerh, an old walled city with relics of fine stone carving, I was again given most comfortable quarters; Mr. Chou also entertained the Taoyin, the Szemao magistrate, and myself at a lengthy Chinese dinner.\n\nAt Mabei, the next stage, I took the opportunity to pay a visit to the large and flourishing salt mines about a mile and a half away. Dr. Kelly, the American representative of the Chinese Salt Administration, who had arrived about two months previously, was away on tour, but his English-speaking Chinese colleague very kindly demonstrated to me all the processes of Chinese salt extraction.\n\nThe next four stages, via Mop'o, Maupieh and Manlien, to Hsin-fu, call for little comment save for the extreme beauty of the scenery; on all sides rose range after range of pine-clad hills, mostly well-wooded to their summits; the valleys were, however, parched and bare, and travelling along the lower levels was excessively hot. Our route crossed the eastern section of the Chênyüan district, and midway during the third stage we were joined by the magistrate, Mo Yu-ju, a scholarly man of considerable charm of manner, with whom my relations during our five days of joint travel were exceedingly cordial, and from whom I parted with really genuine regret.\n\nThe only record in my possession of a route between Hsinfu and Chingtung dated from 1881, when the journey was made by a British traveller; our route, however, was almost entirely different from his, and we spent but five days on the distance which had taken him six. For the last three days we were accompanied by the Chingtung magistrate, Ming Fao-ch'ien, who came out to meet us. The surroundings of Chingtung breathe of ancient history; the last 5 miles of the road could hardly have been repaired for centuries, while of the city-wall nothing now remains save one single gate; peacocks strutting unmolested in the main street seemed likewise aloof from modernity. The magistrate's yamên was woefully dilapidated, and I was well housed by comparison in the newly built Szech'uan Guild premises. From Szemao we had travelled for twelve days on end, mostly in great heat, and a halt of one day was amply justified. For me it spelled the inevitable Chinese dinner-party, as the guest of the district magistrate.\n\nThis latter official was also among the number of those who have displayed special energies in the matter of opium suppression; practically every town and hamlet which\n\n299",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 469430,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "page_number": 304,
        "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "content_text": "we traversed in his district boasted its own small bureau for the furtherance of the task, while the magistrate's extensive tours of inspection included a journey to the summit of Wu-Liang-Shan, between 11,000 and 12,000 feet high.\n\nLeaving Chingtong on the 15th May, three days' journey brought us to the boundary between the Puerh and Tengyueh circuits, at Shukai (locally pronounced Chakai). Here we found that the Tengyueh Taoyin and the Menghua district magistrate a self-satisfied little man named Chrên Pên-yu had been awaiting our arrival for three days. Before bidding farewell to the Puerh Taoyin, I gave him a letter detailing our route through his circuit and congratulating him on the fact that we had discovered not a single opium-poppy in a month's journey. In the course of an interesting conversation, Mr. Lu freely admitted that the task of suppression had been considerably easier in his circuit than elsewhere in the province; he was no less frank regarding the prevalence of opium-smoking, and expressed the opinion that from three to five years must elapse before this would be stopped.\n\nDuring the whole time that I had travelled with the P'uêrh Taoyin I had met with nothing but courtesy and kindness at his hands, and it was with real regret that I parted with him and resumed the company of the Tengyueh Taoyin. Two days' travel, the first of which gave us a magnificent and extensive view of Wu-Liang-Shan, brought us to Narchien, where our halt coincided with that of an unusually ragged and ruffianly party of Chinese regular troops, en route to suppress a local outbreak of brigandage some two days' journey to the south-west. Here I received a visit from the district magistrate of Mitu, a Fukienese named Ko Nain-ming, the limit of whose jurisdiction was only a mile or so away. Two days later, 21st May, the large walled town of Menghua was reached, and here, much against my wish, we stayed a day at the request of the Taoyin, who asserted the receipt of important despatches requiring urgent attention.\n\nThe large district of Menghua is one of those which took the fullest advantage of the iniquitous permission accorded last year by the Governor of Yunnan for the cultivation of poppy; if rumour speaks true, the early harvest of the past season was considerable, and the local magistrate is asserted to have lined his pockets well by allowing a second crop, on learning that the inspecting officers would not be able to reach his district before May. But for several weeks prior to our arrival, military, police, and civil officials, including himself, had been out in all directions to ensure that no poppy should be left. Certainly none was to be seen along our route, and the predominating crops consisted of healthy-looking wheat.\n\nFrom Menghua it is but two days' journey to Siakwan, the largest business town in West Yunnan; on the second day the route crosses a high mountain pass, which from the level of 8,800 feet affords a magnificent view of the Tali lake.\n\nAssembled at Siakwan, which was reached on Empire Day, to meet the Taoyin were a host of Chinese officials, including the magistrates of the three districts of Fengi (Ch'en Pei-yuan); Pinch'uan (Li Fan); and Tali (Yu-Yueh). Such a gathering involved, of course, the inevitable Chinese dinner-party. For many years past Siukwan has been one of the largest distributing centres for opium in all Yunnan, and the Chinese firm in whose premises quarters were found for me bears the reputation of being the wealthiest of all the opium dealers.\n\nThe 7 miles over level country between Siakwan and Tali should be accomplished by a good pony in an hour; so villainous, however, is the condition of the ancient stone-paved highway connecting the two places, that the journey takes three hours, and is accomplished with less exasperation on foot. Many weeks previously the local British representative of the British American Tobacco Company had offered me hospitality in his most comfortable headquarters at Tali, but in view of the questionable legality of such an establishment, I had hesitated to accept; when, however, the Taoyin himself announced that this was the proposed arrangement, I concurred with alacrity. Amongst the many welcome amenities thus afforded was comparative immunity from flies, which for the previous fortnight en route had been a plague of positively Egyptian magnitude. My host also most kindly made arrangements for me to meet the whole of the foreign community of Tali, including M. R. L. P. Baude (French), district inspector of the Salt Revenue for Yunnan, and his wife; M. Caffarena (French), of the same Department; and two French priests.\n\nFrom Tali it had been originally suggested that the inspection tour should continue northwards to Likiang. Previous to our departure from Tengyueh I had invoked the aid of a French merchant at Atutzu and of the representative of a British mission at Likiang to obtain for me, confidentially, reliable information on the subject of poppy crops in the north-west of the province; and letters from each of them were awaiting me at Siakwan. My French correspondent reported planting this season in the north of the Paoshan (Yungch'an) district and north-east of Yungpei, but that none remained, save, perhaps, in inaccessible spots; the Likiang missionary affirmed that already by the middle of April no trace of cultivation remained in the Likiang, Hoching, or Chiench'uan districts, and that in the Yungpei district (north of the Yangtze) it was probably grown only by Liso and other tribal folk, over whom the Chinese have practically no control. These reports were confirmed at Tali by the Rev. W. J. Hanna, of the China Inland Mission, and by the representative of the British-American Tobacco Company, both of whom travel extensively, and who assured me that it was several weeks too late for any likelihood of discovering opium crops on a visit to Likiang.\n\nIn view of this consensus of opinion and also of the clear indications of the opening, already overdue, of the rainy season, I decided to abandon the Likiang tour. As, however, I had received many weeks previously definite information that no poppy crops were to be seen anywhere along the main road (via Siakwan, Yungp'ing, and Yungchang) between Tali and Tengyueh, I elected to take the difficult and circuitous route via Tongch'uan, Yünlung, and Kait'ou; this route, incidentally, cuts across the north of the Paoshan (Yungch'ang) district.\n\nLeaving Tali on the 27th May, our first stage was the 16 miles of terrible ancient paved stone road to Shangkuan, at the north-west end of the Tali Lake. We bade farewell to the Tali magistrate and made the acquaintance of Mr. Li Kung-ch'ôn, the official in charge of the district of Tengch'uan. This town was passed the following morning after two hours of easy going, succeeded by a stiff climb to 8,900 feet, and a steep descent to the surprisingly large town of Fengyü (in the Erhyüan (Langk'un) district), lying in a huge basin of terraced rice fields. For the last portion of this day's journey and for the next two days we were accompanied by the Erhyüan magistrate, a Hupei man of an intelligently enquiring turn of mind, named Chien. From Fengyü the road climbs up to 10,700 feet, and then drops down to 6,100 feet, the level of the Yangpi River, which flows through the town of that name and Siakwan into the southern end of the Tali Lake. Two days of travel through beautiful pine-forest country and one day of wilder scenery past several large salt-wells brought us to the town of Yünlung, the district magistrate of which, Ko Yên-ch'un, was absent on sick-leave.\n\nFrom Fengyü to the district of Yünlung the population consists largely of Minchia, a tribal folk closely allied to the Chinese in appearance, as also now in dress and habits, but speaking Chinese with an atrocious foreign accent, which natives of any other province than Yünnan find considerable difficulty in understanding.\n\nThe town of Yunlung lies at the eastern foot of the lofty range flanking the left bank of the Mekong River, and the day's journey to the 60-year-old chain suspension bridge (the Fei-Lung, or Flying Dragon, bridge) over that turgid torrent consisted of a climb from 5,500 feet to 9,700 feet, succeeded by a long and stony descent to 4,600 feet, the elevation of the Mekong at this point. The fierce swiftness of its 80 yards broad current is sufficiently accounted for by the fact that it descends over 1,800 feet between here and the Tapêng ferry by which we crossed it on the outward journey.\n\nBut a still more formidable day's march lay before us, over the yet higher range on the right bank of the Mekong. The altitudes on this section varied between 5,000 feet at the start (Chinchou), 11,800 feet at the summit, and 7,000 feet at the halting-place, Ts'aochien. Almost the whole of the climb was over the roughest of stone-boulder paving, and much of it in deep trough-like gullies, while, save at the very summit, the path was overgrown by dense jungle. Climatic variations added not a little to the trials of the march; they ranged from blazing sunshine, through fine Scotch mist, to driving sleet, and then back again to moist heat. Starting at 6.30 a.m., I walked this stage in nine and a half hours; the Taoyin's official chair, from which, willy-nilly, he was frequently forced to descend, completed it in thirteen and a half. Our respective memories of the day's journey will last for some time to come.\n\nAfter two more days of very hilly travel, we came to the crossing of the Salween, here effected in a large, unwieldy-looking boat, the helmsman of which plied a huge stern sweep, some 20 feet long, to negotiate obliquely the passage of the intervening rapids. From the level of the Salween at this point (Mêngku ferry) to the summit of the range, on the right bank, is an ascent of all but 8,000 feet, and the climb over the summit, 10,500 feet, through dense jungle, followed by a steep and terribly rugged drop of close on 4,000 feet, made a day's journey scarcely less arduous than that over the Mekong range.\n\nThe trials of this day's travel were not over on arrival at our halting-place...",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-446 - Others & Individuals - 1917",
        "page_number": 235,
        "title": "CO129-446 - Others & Individuals - 1917",
        "content_text": "HONG KONG\n\n231\n\n44287\n\nTOJ\n\n1917\n\n17\n\n2/9/17\n\n64\n\nIt and affear from end.\n\nthat the S. M. lid not\n\nCommunicati subst. of 45371\n\nWij Luis.\n\nthink we had bellin\n\nask the Senior master whether Wishes in to take any action on this lettet. That we Explaining\n\nJ16933—4b. Wt. 35722-18. 50,000 11/16. D&S. G122/41.\n\nPage 231\n\n...\n\n44287\n\nNijhuis V. Gang rockers\n\nsendo cofy serving of writ\n\nLangag\n\nL-Chall\n\nfrom Maintiff is to\n\npet previous Paper.\n\n+937/6.\n\nat subsequent Paper.\n\n44287\n\n...\n\nPage ...\n\nstat tend TAB: 13 -1.\n\nTRADA Al TAJE 6 T\n\n...\n\nfado\n\nça taíj oteta „c · brot:0\n\ntik 1.on of KL JDI Ot awed blodk\n\n***r søluð ni n Jiao, Teuter:-\n\n13\n\n10\n\n.IrJE eb neV ato) *}* \n\nwal Courts fus lice!\".\n\n‚00 MİT.BANJx? o\\o fos navi\n\nDE SAJ MOTi Lonebac¡801100 ot donet.\n\nBIIo: *. i oti... brattok ..00 CON TAIFA a busa:03paoli\n\n112 tuo xe ngengë segel romant\n\nJ Sep.\n\nمعهد نو\n\nJ16933—4b. Wt. 35722-18. 50,000 11/16. D&S. G122/41.\n\n...\n\nPage 232 (if exists)\n\n \nThe original text appears to be a jumbled collection of words and phrases, likely due to OCR errors. The output is formatted in HTML as per the instructions.\n\n was removed as per rule 12. The text is reordered to make more sense, with some parts rearranged to form coherent paragraphs. The file references are formatted according to rule 10. The page numbering is preserved as per rule 11.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918",
        "page_number": 169,
        "title": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918",
        "content_text": "# Enclosure 1 in No. 1\n## Three Presidential Mandates issued September 29.\n\n### (1.) Convocation of Parliament\n\n**THE** convocation of Parliament is provided for in article 53 of the Provisional Constitution. It is of paramount importance that with the revival of the republican form of government all those organs of the Government as are provided for therein should be established. The Ministry of the Interior is hereby instructed to establish, in accordance with the precedent obtaining in the first year of the republic, a special bureau for the preparation of the convocation of the National Parliament, so that all matters connected with the election of members can be facilitated.\n\n### (2.) National Council and its Work\n\nThe original Parliamentary Organisation Law and the law governing the election of members of the two Houses of Parliament were passed by the former National Council in the first year of the republic and promulgated by the late President Yuan Shih Kai. However, owing to the impracticability of these laws, many political upheavals have been caused during the past few years. Under the present circumstances it is most important that these laws should be speedily revised. The high officials of the provinces, Mongolia, Tibet, and Chinghai, are hereby ordered to elect and appoint in accordance with law members of the National Council so that they will be able to arrive at Peking within a month's time and organise the National Council for the purpose of revising and passing the Parliamentary Organisation and Election Laws. Apart from this function, all other legislative duties shall be carried out by the formal Parliament to be convened in accordance with law, so as to emphasise the importance of the Legislature.\n\n### (3.) Rebels in Canton\n\nSun Wen, Wu Ching-lien, and others have recently circulated a telegram throughout the provinces unlawfully stating that an extraordinary Parliament had established a Military Government and had elected Sun Wen as its generalissimo, and that the latter had assumed the said illegal office on the 10th of the present month. The telegram also announced the illegal appointment of various Ministers, a Chief of the General Staff, and a Commander-in-chief, and issued many illegal orders calculated to incite the army to rebellion.\n\nA report has since been received from Chang Tso-ling, Tuchun of Fengtien, stating that several arrests have been made lately in his province of men appointed by Sun Wen to enlist the help of Hunghutze banditti in preparation for a general rising, and that substantial evidence concerning the plot has been obtained, &c. It is therefore clear that the actions of Sun Wen, &c., are aimed at overthrowing the present legally-constituted Government, and precipitating anarchical conditions in the country. Unless such men are punished it is difficult to uphold the supremacy of the law. All high military and civil officials throughout the country are hereby ordered to effect the arrest of the said Sun Wen and Wu Chien-lien, and to hand them over to the courts of justice to be dealt with in accordance with law. The said Sun Wen and Wu Chien-lien are hereby deprived of their Orders of Merit and decorations, and investigations shall also be conducted concerning those who are holding posts in the said illegal Military Government and others who are attending the extraordinary Parliament as members, in order that they may also be severely dealt with accordingly.\n\n## Enclosure 2 in No. 1\n### Consul-General Jamieson to Mr. Alston\n\nCanton, September 13, 1917.\n\nI have the honour to enclose herewith copy of the manifesto officially issued by the Military Government, which has established itself here under the auspices of the Rump Parliament on the 10th instant.\n\nC. T. Wang, who appears to play the role of organiser-in-chief to the party, at the same time drafted an essay to overcome the pronounced prejudices of Sun Yat-sen in the matter of declaring war on the Central Powers. Realising the necessity, at the present juncture, of conciliating any antagonism which the Entente may cherish against the movement, he drafted a declaration announcing a determination, with the united support of the entire country, to prosecute war to the utmost against the attempted domination of the world by German militarism. This was handed out privately for the information of the press and others, and was to be made public when \"the mere formality\" of the Generalissimo's approval had been obtained. The latter, however, who is a firm believer in the eventual victory of Germany, and who also may be averse from showing himself so manifestly ungrateful for past favours, refuses stoutly to sanction its promulgation, so that, while the text of the declaration has appeared in the foreign press and been commented on therein, it has not appeared in the native press, and entirely lacks official imprimatur.\n\nThe Military Government may accordingly be described as neutral, with predilections in favour of Germany.\n\nThe ranks of the Rump have been lately reinforced by some forty additional members, who have found their way to Canton in Japanese vessels, and United States colleague has been approached with a request to induce his Government to advance them $10,000,000 on the plea that Javan had made a loan of the same amount to the North. The Military Government confidently reckons on the financial support of Chinese abroad, and estimates that it could at any time buy over 70 per cent. of the troops in the pay of the Provincial Government. Admiral Cheng succeeded the other day in obtaining $150,000 clean Mexican dollars from Shanghai for paying his crews, they very properly refusing to look at local subsidiary coinage. His coal is being provided by the Tuchün.\n\nSun Yat-sen's procession on assuming office was not attended by any great popular enthusiasm, and strenuous efforts to win over Lu Jung-t'ing and Tang Shao-yi continue to be made.\n\nA sense of weakness is, however, evinced by the significant fact that indirect overtures have been made to the Provincial Government, hinting that were posts given to members and their faces thus saved agitation might cease.\n\n(Copy to Hong Kong.)\n\n## Enclosure 3 in No. 1\n### Manifesto\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. W. JAMIESON.\n\nThe Military Government, organised the 10th September, hands our (Weekly Canton News) correspondent a statement which follows:-\n\n\"The Military Government now established in Canton is a temporary organisation for a clear-cut and definite purpose. It aims to rally to its standard all those who stand for the supremacy of the Constitution and the laws of the country. No democracy can last if the Constitution is allowed to be violated at all by such persons who happen to be in control of military forces. The very foundation of democracy is destroyed when such persons are permitted to treat the supreme laws of the land as a \"scrap of paper.\" The rebellious Fuchuns, having deliberately violated the Constitution, first, by forcing the hand of President Li Yuan Hung in illegally dissolving the National Assembly, and later by forcing the President himself from the office, must be put down and be severely dealt with in order that the supremacy of the Constitution be vindicated and the foundation of democracy upheld.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-454 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 684,
        "title": "CO129-454 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "## REAEUM*\n\ni poplotu poskyrer' (0jopeeper of CNO poap Ollige' Mijj spozfjh pe afočbeg' CluUSWZ SCYL6B8 ŢE \n\npe sexr to Evfjɛng je poruk qurqwereg spør bjjcance pe je lepпluȚis so goutyouth oz apeffel mite aponjq HOLŠKOLE I MOnja pe 2jaq 74 pe urλ pe makey upespez \n\n### Contact Information\nTal Address:- \"SIGNALLY, AVE, LONDON Telephone-38,32 LONDON WALL (4 Line)\n\nTELEGRAM \n\nISSUED FROM CHIEF CABLE STATION, ELECTRA HOUSE, FINSBURY PAYEMENT. \n\nREPLIES SHOULD BE ORDERED Via Eastern \n\nDoubtful words should be OFFICIALLY repeated, Sea Rule Book. No inquiry respecting this Telegram can be attended to without production of this \n\nSee back of form for list of Company's Stations in London and Telephone \n\nClerk's Name and Date. \n\nT'imgarceived. 21 \n\nThe first line of this Telegram contains the following particulars in the order named Number of Words, Dasa, Time handed in, (in Letters: see look above TIME IN PRIORITY.) \n\n680 THE CLOCK JUL 19 HOUSE -Number of @gdago, Offics of Origin, brripigia Jastractions.” \n\nJA 109 28 HONG KONG 39 28 LL BG PHK ! CHAPELRIES LN F \n\n### Telegram Content\nYour til 12 UNG KAA GRAHAM S WIFE MONTHLY EY 15 being hand 200 dollar ANTICOST JONK THEM wold be glad \n\nI GENOPLAB YO le may b MARSHTI ACE asked whether ANSWERLESS OSTTNAIKST he is AMORP HYDE \n\nSent to scale ADUC ABA will thorthy the WIFE BACKFUL intimated that INTERV AÐ AB ALLOWANCE GRAHAMS SILVERGOD HONGKONG IT BE ING TOUMBERT STOPPED address is AUSTLINE SOBR AON(2)",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 31,
        "title": "CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "(UGOSTAWY ODF Cray après jstis*\n\n30736\n\n2001\n\nPPG garouren*\n\nTO TE\n\nTal, Address :--\"' SIGNALLY,-AVE,'\n\n\"LONDON. Telephone:-3632 LONDON WALL 14 Lines).\n\nW.AR LU,\n\nORIGINAL\n\nTIME\n\nCIRCUIT.\n\nCar\n\nTELEGRAM\n\nISSUED FROM CHIEF CABLE STATION ELECTRA HOUSE, FINSBURY PAYEMENT.\n\nkaji ki k\n\nClerk's Name.\n\nREPLIES SHOULD BE ORDERED\n\nVia Eastern\n\nDoubtful words should be OFFICIALLY repeated. See Rule Book. No inquiry respecting this Telegram can be attended to without production of this Copy.\n\nBen back of form for list of Com:page stations in London and Telephone Numberr.\"\n\nTime Received,\n\nRq roped\n\nUA\n\n268\n\nELECTRA JAN 22\n\n+\n\n(Mega Ep 5:17a,)\n\nOlesen,gg Foren 1/171.)\n\nIN LETTERS\n\n30\n\nOuter Circle\n\nW\n\nA. M. (oper\n\nMircle\n\nTHE\n\nCLOCK\n\nExamples, PW 3.45 p.m.\n\nH\n\nHL 8.55 8.m.\n\nCHAPELRIES\n\n-\n\nha fest line of this Telegram contains the following particulars\n\nNumb\n\nquar\n\nin the ordar named:\n\nDate. Time handed in in atter\n\nwing - Office of Origin\n\nHOUSE\n\nHONGKONG 73 17 OS BG\n\nI have\n\nLN\n\nHEDGESTA KE RANGLIER DENTISCALP\n\nBritish Indian subject's LEADING SLAG DUCT WHO\n\nH.M. the King\n\nreceived to day deputation\n\nme\n\nANSPACE CONWEA\n\nwe\n\nWillowing wess MINTAGE\n\nکا\n\nFIRST OBSBOTE BEGINS INDIAN MERCHANTS AND\n\nCIVILIANS\n\nGRACIOUS\n\n18 thanks for\n\nSUBNODAL\n\nprds\n\n❤Mc\n\nHong Kong\n\nOF HIPPELAPHO SUNEMIT\n\nACCEPTANCE THE IR\n\nconferred.\n\nTHE BOON COMPLIGHT\n\nIn love FLEECELESS\n\nLOYAL AND HUMBLE\n\nL\n\nTHEIR MOTHERLAND",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5]",
        "page_number": 441,
        "title": "CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5]",
        "content_text": "## Proofread Text\n\nI have at last managed to find time to go through this paper, which is rather out of my line. I have endeavoured to make the explanations contemplated in para 2, and to send out copies of `Strap. /o/32` of 23/4/4 (`12228/19`); copy of `Deep. No 10` of 1/1/21 with letter of 7/5/20 (`15219/u`); and dispatch of `59615/2`.\n\nMr A. J. Handy of Colonial Secretariat has stated that Li... we propose to explain in para 2. We are to send out copies of that to explain `53618/22` and reply.\n\nSave the Lu... how off the $2 Fables stands, the separate investigation contradicts; difference, ûs uyanto hama 4 Sar that Furt explains pispor us uyand to через the or of ws Z; A with the NW. there B Available for the hrin Soubt the data 03 ulating to HK., thering indeffrirent femprats of a useful investigation.\n\nP.S. Last [Note.] Line 6/7. I may be willing to send copies of `52677/21 Straits` so that H. Can understand the deniability of adopting the \"Voluntary extemani“ the W. x-o. have suggested Bimulate mastę. I think of th. wh. you this [compare] 6th Strate 的 a Selection are suffer unt Q. once Are.\n\nI have also refrained from mentioning the referred to minute to wi... The oft. Bills prepared by the S.S.C. with their Ons. dealing with krisk Are mention that any might be to H.K. weight git to HK. deferred until they settled.\n\nArt... 23/7; 19/8/24.\n\n## Page Numbering \nNo explicit page numbers found.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5].txt",
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    {
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "page_number": 211,
        "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "# No.4 Enclosure in Mr. Jamieson's No. 33 of May 12th, 191 \n\n## EXTRACT FROM CANTON TIMES May 12th, 1921.\n\n### A Crop Of Rumours.\n\nThe sudden departure of the Hong Kong Governor for the north on a fast warship, and his subsequent arrival in Peking about the same time as Sir Robert Ho Tung reached there, has given rise to a crop of rumours that will not down.\n\n### Other Chinese Comments.\n\n#### THE PUNITIVE EXPEDITION TO THE SOUTH.\n\n(Shen Chow Jih Pao.) Warlord Two Kun and Warlord Chang Tsu-lin have declared in favour of a punitive expedition to the South to put down the new government of the South with Dr. Sun Yat-sen as its newly elected president. The scheme is to send Northern troops via Kiangsu and to use the troops for reinforcing the troops to be despatched by Fukien and Kiangsi for participation in the expedition. Without commenting on the wisdom or folly of the measure contemplated, let us express the firm opinion that this campaign will be bound to end in complete failure.\n\nWhy has the state of belligerency between North and South been suspended by Peking and Canton? Has a state of mutual understanding been arrived at? The two sides gave up fighting because each realised from experience its lack of the needed resources to bring the campaign to a successful issue. The rumour has it that Governor Stubbs made his trip to Peking in the interest of the British Syndicate headed by Major Cassell, and in connection with the Cassell Coal Mining Contract. Under a clause in that document, it is necessary for the British Syndicate to obtain the approval of the Peking Government before the terms of the contract can come into effect. It is known that Major Cassell failed to get this approval when he went up to Peking last year. Governor Stubbs, so the Chinese believe, has now offered Hau Shih-chang a quid pro quo for his official sanction to this outrageous agreement. In exchange for Peking's approval, the Hongkong Government is reported to have agreed to recognize the \"paper unification mandate\". So far as Hongkong is concerned, this arrangement would result in outlawing the present Cantonese leaders and would give direct British aid and assistance to the Kwangsi militarists in their fight to return to Kwangtung.\n\nThe warlords of the North do not seem to realise that they have not yet established a spirit of mutual trust between themselves and the militarists of Central and Southern China. The idea of sending Northern troops through Kiangsu territory will certainly not be tolerated by the Tuchun of Kiangsu. Tuchun Li Hou-chi of Fukien has, since last year, been reported as being in secret alliance with the Military Government or carrying on negotiations with this end in view.\n\nThe attitude of Lu Yung-hsiang, Tuchun of Chekiang, has been, as has been characterised by the Peking politicians, \"somewhat muddy.\" Under this cloud of mutual distrust and suspicion, it is humanly impossible for the militarists in Central and Southern China to pull together in a joint expedition.\n\nAnother rumour is to the effect that the British Government has decided to return Weihaiwei to China on condition that the Hongkong Government will be permitted to extend its boundary up to Sheklung and Whampoa shall be brought under British jurisdiction. It is maintained by those who accept this report, that Hongkong does not want Whampoa developed into a port for this would seriously affect the trade and commerce of Hongkong.\n\nStill another rumour which has been spread in a vain endeavour to explain Governor Stubbs' trip north, attributes it to British concern for the construction of the line proposed to connect the Canton-Kowloon Railway with the Yuel-Han Railway. The British authorities are willing, (so the rumour) to finance this project and also undertake the construction of the Yueh-Han line from Shiukwan to Hankow.\n\nOthers see still deeper political significance in this much-advertised trip. They contend that Great Britain and Japan have come to an agreement regarding their respective spheres of influence in China. Notwithstanding the opposition of America and some of the Dominions, the Anglo-Japanese Alliance will be renewed. Great Britain, therefore, agrees to give Japan a free hand worth of the Yangtze; while Japan will support British pretensions in South China.\n\nThere are other rumours too numerous to mention. These vary in range, from the perfectly innocent desire on the part of Governor Stubbs to escape the heat of Hongkong, to the preposterous claim that Hongkong has aggressive designs for the re-occupation of the whole of Kwangtung.\n\nThe CANTON TIMES does not swallow any of these rumours. We are as much in the dark about this affair as our Hongkong contemporaries profess to be.\n\n### \n\n210 \n\nPage 210",
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        "id": 490004,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "page_number": 495,
        "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "the work has now met with complete success. You request me to assist you by reporting (to the British Government) the strenuous efforts which we have made to get rid of the drug,\n\nThe whole world admires the loftiness of the meritorious desire to set in order the evil customs of an abuse to get rid of those who have wandered from the path and are on the black list, to change a fiery pit into a lotus field, to remove a dreadful poison and reform its victims. Your association has my warm sympathy and felicitations, and I have long ago reported to my Government as to the methods adopted in prohibiting opium. Now that I have received your letter I shall be happy to report from time to time as to the future progress of your work, in order to assist you in the good work which you have undertaken, to exhibit virtue, and to conform with your desire.\n\n(Compliments.)\n\n## Enclosure 3 in No. 5\n\n### Mr. Alston to Wai-chiao Pu\n\nMR. ALSTON has the honour to acknowledge the receipt of the memorandum, dated the 7th July, from the Wai-chiao Pu requesting him to consent to the prohibition of the import of Indian opium into the provinces of Chekiang and Fukien.\n\nIn regard to Chekiang, Sir John Jordan wrote on the 29th May that the evidence in his possession would not justify him in placing the province on the prohibition list until he had made fuller and more detailed enquiries, and that His Majesty's Legation would communicate again with the Wai-chiao Pu on the receipt of reports from His Majesty's consuls at Hangchow and Ningpo, and on the 17th June Mr. Alston repeated the sense of Sir John Jordan's memorandum.\n\nReports have now been received from His Majesty's consulates at Hangchow and Ningpo, and Mr. Alston is unable to accept the statement of the Wai-chiao Pu in their memorandum of the 7th June that Chekiang had absolutely cleared herself of native opium.\n\nWhile regretting that he is unable to place Chekiang on the prohibition list forthwith, Mr. Alston is ready, in accordance with article 4 of the Opium Agreement of 1911, to arrange for a joint inspection of the conditions of opium cultivation and importation in that province next spring on the lines of the joint inspections carried out in Shantung, Anhui and Hunan this year.\n\nIn regard to Fukien, Mr. Alston would state that the consular reports referred to in his memorandum of the 10th June are not yet to hand. On their receipt Mr. Alston will again communicate with the Wai-chiao Pu on the subject of their request to have this province included in the list of provinces into which Indian opium shall not be conveyed.\n\nPeking, July 28, 1913.\n\n## Enclosure 4 in No. 5\n\n### Acting Consul Pearson to Mr. Alston\n\nNingpo, June 13, 1913.\n\nIN reply to your despatch of the 29th May last, instructing me to furnish information on the attempts of the local Chinese authorities to suppress the cultivation and import of native opium, I have the honour to report that, upon receipt of your circular letter to all British missionaries within my district calling for information on the subject, the response was very meagre, and may be summarised as follows:-\n\nProclamations have been issued in numbers, but it would seem that in the outlying districts opium has been under cultivation to some extent during the spring, although strenuous efforts towards suppression have been made by the local officials.\n\nIn the neighbourhood of Ningpo itself the suppression has been very thoroughly carried out, and I am informed by Dr. Score Browne, of the Church Missionary Society hospital here, that after enquiries among his patients and workers he is unable to elicit any information as to the growth of any opium in the adjacent country, and that although it is surmised that a certain quantity is smuggled into the province from Shanghai for local consumption, there is no definite information on this point.\n\nOpium smokers are scarcely met, although Dr. Score Browne was requested in April to open an opium refuge at Leh-ko-lu for thirty patients. He added in his letter on the subject :-\n\nOn all sides I hear that opium smokers are being compelled to abandon their habits.\n\nIn a letter from Archdeacon W. S. Moule, D.D., he stated:-\n\nI have just returned from Hangchow, where I distributed your circular letter to the members of our mission, and asked them to communicate direct with you. As regards Ningpo, I should say that opium growing is completely suppressed in the country round here. In the city of Tzuchi, which used to be full of opium shops, these have entirely disappeared. One hears of hospitals being opened in several places for smokers who are breaking off their habits.\n\nOn the other hand, one hears that a good deal of opium is smuggled in and smoked in secret. This is, I suppose, to be expected.\n\n\"There have been several stringent prohibitions against both the growing and smoking of opium posted at the city gates, but I have not secured copies. I should say that there can be little doubt of the sincerity of the provincial Government to suppress the practice.\"\n\nAs a comment on the above, I may mention that no actual seizure of smuggled opium has been made by the customs at Ningpo for several months.\n\nI have personally questioned all of the provisional Chinese officials with whom I have come in contact, and have been assured, without exception, that opium smoking has been absolutely suppressed within the immediate neighbourhood of Ningpo itself. As to the outlying districts, the history of the attempt at suppression is as follows:-\n\n| District | Suppression Efforts |\n| --- | --- |\n| Linghai | In December of last year an official was sent from Hangchow to supervise the suppression of cultivation. He found a large tract of country, accessible only by very difficult mountain routes, well planted with poppy, and, accompanied by 100 troops from Hainen, forced the cultivators to root up the crop, but this was not accomplished until one of them, a literate, had been shot, and a riot had ensued, during which the soldiers were deprived of their guns. The gentry subsequently became panic-stricken and apologised. The arms were returned, but they stated that they were powerless to prevent the cultivation by the farmers. The deputy returned to Haimen. The commandant telegraphed to Hangchow for further troops, and with the Linghai magistrate and opium deputy proceeded to the spot with 200 soldiers, a demonstration which has proved effective. |\n| Taiping | At Taiping an example was made of ten of the leading literati who were known to be smokers. They were summoned to the yamên by the magistrate and thrown into prison, the doors of which were sealed. No beds were allowed them, and they were told that they were to stay until they had overcome their craving. It is said that a fine of 2,000 dollars was inflicted on each. I have no further information as to their ultimate fate. |\n| Haimen | The Haimen magistrate has been active in the suppression of cultivation, making personal excursions and causing all growing plants to be destroyed wherever found. Two hundred soldiers were sent into the mountains round Taichow to shoot all proprietors of land bearing poppy. There is said to be no opium planted in the immediate neighbourhood of Haimen. |\n| Taiping | The Taiping magistrate made a raid among the Taichow islands searching for opium, and, armed with a revolver, went through the streets locating ... |\n\nPage 494",
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        "page_number": 498,
        "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "## Page 14\n\nIn view of the desire of the Wai-chiao Pu to place Hupei on the list of provinces into which Indian opium shall not be conveyed, the issue of opium is considered. You enclose a translation from a memorandum by the Wai-chiao Pu dated the 3rd July, in which a telegram is quoted from the Tutu and Civil Governor of Hupei, claiming that opium cultivation throughout the province has been extinguished and that the import of native opium has long ago been prohibited.\n\nI fear that it would be useless for me to apply for information to the missionaries of Hupei at the present time, seeing that they are in the middle of their summer vacation and will not return to their several posts for a month or two. Even were they at their posts, they could do little more than give me their impressions based, for the most part, on hearsay of what has taken place in the past.\n\nHad General Li Yuan-hung, instead of telegraphing as he did to the Wai-chiao Pu, applied to me, I should have answered in the sense of the third paragraph of your memorandum to that Department of the 18th July, namely, that the poppy season is now over, and that it is too late to attempt any inspection. I should have added that, under article 4 of the Opium Agreement of 1911, it is for British officials to decide as to the extent of cultivation, and not for \"various bureaux, magistrates, and deputies\"; and that the Hupei Government, although invited by me last December to arrange for such investigation by British officials, never, from first to last, has evinced the least desire for even a joint commission of enquiry.\n\nGeneral Li's reluctance to suggest or accept such a commission is easily comprehended when it is remembered that he was obliged to admit the existence of poppy cultivation in Shih-nan and Yünyang prefectures (see my despatch of the 24th December, 1912). It is true that his Excellency has shown much zeal in stamping out that cultivation; but if he had been convinced, let us say in May last, that his efforts had completely succeeded, it is only reasonable to suppose that he would have adopted the same course as his colleagues of Hunan and Anhui and pressed for investigation by British officials.\n\nThe local Chinese newspapers are not in all respects reliable, but even in their most extravagant statements, there is usually to be found some basis of fact. Now, during the period from the 1st January to the 30th June last, frequent paragraphs have appeared in these journals noting cases where the poppy was being grown, either with the connivance of the local authorities or in defiance of the \"bureaux and deputies.\" I have compiled a list of some of these paragraphs, a copy of which, in English and Chinese, I have now the honour to enclose.\n\nThe conclusion that cannot well be avoided, if any credence at all is to be given to reports so circumstantial, is that the suppression of the cultivation of the poppy, in at any rate the more remote and mountainous portions of Hupei, was by no means so complete last season as to justify His Majesty's Government in declaring this province to be one into which Indian opium is now no longer admissible.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nW. H. WILKINSON.\n\n## Enclosure 2 in No. 7\n\n### Translations of Extracts from Hankow Native Press on the Subject of Opium Suppression\n\n| Date | Location | Description |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| January 4 | Hsing Kuo Hsien, Hsin T'ou P'u, and Wang Sha-pen | Poppies in abundance. Magistrate takes no notice. |\n| January 11 | Mien Yang Hsien | Poppy still grown in great quantities: opium dens ignored by magistrate and gentry. |\n| January 24 | Li Ch'uan Hsien, Ch'ang Tan-pa | Poppy still grown. |\n| February 28 | Ma Ch'eng Hsien | Poppy now ripe; magistrate does nothing. |\n| March 3 | Ch'un Hsien, Heng Shen Wan, and Shen pan Tan | Popular resistance to anti-opium measures. |\n| March 26 | An-lu Hsien Pai Chan-shan | Abundance of poppies, many opium dens. Magistrates and police indifferent. |\n| March 30 | Kienshih Hsien (Shihnan Prefecture) | T'ai Wang-pa farmers resist and destroy local Government building; troops sent. |\n| May 6 | Cheki Hsien | Poppy grows all over the hills, soldiers sent to eradicate are bribed by the wealthy: poor farmers are arrested and their poppy destroyed; this leads to a case of arson and murder. |\n| May 11 | Sung Tzu-Hsien | Poppy sown as usual. Magistrate pays no attention. |\n| May 25 | Pating Hsien, Lien Ch'uan Gorge | Armed resistance of farmers, aided by brigands, to work of eradication; military from Tchang summoned. |\n| May 30 | Li Ch'uan Hsien | Several farmers, opium growers, shot down. District Council indicts magistrate for murder. |\n| June 20 | Lai Feng Hsien, Lin Kang | Poppy growers tie up local inspector, who is rescued by military. |\n| June 21 | Lai Feng Hsien, Hui-pei | Armed resistance to eradication. |\n\n## Page 15\n\n## Enclosure 3 in No. 7\n\n### Acting Consul Handley-Derry to Mr. Alston\n\nIchang, August 7, 1913.\n\nWith reference to your despatch of the 24th ultimo, enclosing copies of correspondence with the Wai-chiao Pu, relative to the placing of Kiangsi and Hupeh on the list of provinces into which Indian opium shall not be conveyed, I have the honour to inform you that there is little to add to what I have already reported.\n\nThere is no doubt that a determined and sustained effort has been made to stamp out the growth of poppy in all easily accessible places, and so far as I can gather from missionaries, railway men, and others, they have seen nothing of the poppy during the spring.\n\nIt is useless to suggest any search at this time of the year, but I would very much like to make a journey round through the prefecture of Shih-nan in the early spring of next year. It is a journey which would take nearly a month, but from what Chinese say, there must be a good deal of growing going on in the more secluded spots.\n\nOf the import of native opium, it is difficult to speak. None comes through the customs, but I have questioned the writer of this consulate very closely, and he says he could buy smuggled opium at any time about 5-6 tiao an ounce. The price stated in my above-mentioned despatch has gone up, owing to the greater stringency caused by the closing of the official opium offices.\n\nWhen I was at Shasi, I questioned several of the merchants there as to how many smokers there were still; they said that there were now no more than 3 or 4 per cent. (Shasi population, 95,000).\n\nI have, &c.\n\nH. F. HANDLEY-DERRY.\n\n## Enclosure 4 in No. 7\n\n### Memorandum communicated to Wai-chiao Pu\n\nIn continuation of his memorandum of the 16th July, His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires has the honour to inform the Wai-chiao Pu that he has now received consular reports from Hankow and Ichang.\n\nMr. Alston is not disposed to accept the statement in the Wai-chiao Pu's memorandum of the 3rd July that poppy cultivation had been prohibited and extinguished and that the import of the native drug from other provinces had also been forbidden.\n\nHe regrets, therefore, that he is unable to consent to place Hupeh forthwith on the list of provinces into which Indian opium shall not be conveyed, but is ready, in accordance with article 4 of the 1911 agreement, to arrange for investigations next spring on the lines of the joint inspections carried out in Shantung, Anhui, and Hunan this year.\n\nPeking, August 20, 1913.\n\n## No. 8\n\n### Mr. Alston to Sir Edward Grey.—(Received November 27.)\n\nPeking, November 12, 1913.\n\nWith reference to my despatch of the 24th July, I have the honour to enclose copies of reports from His Majesty's consul at Kiukiang, together with a copy of a...",
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        "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "## 120\n\nobstacle in the way. You enquired what had been the effect of the opium prohibition measures taken by me, and also as to the planting of other crops. You further asked for a reply in order that you might report to His Majesty's Minister.\n\nI beg to observe that in the lower part of the province, the country people having secretly planted opium, I have on frequent occasions ordered the various magistrates to make thorough investigation and completely eradicate the poppy.\n\nAt the present time the newly-appointed magistrates are successfully carrying out my instructions, and are zealously acting in accordance with the programme formerly laid down by me. It is to be hoped that at an early date opium cultivation will have been swept away.\n\nBut in Sien Yu district, in spite of military reinforcements, many brigands exist in the less-frequented places, of whom the chief is one Chang Nai Wu. Although this man has been arrested, his adherents are scattered about everywhere. Their capture is on the point of being effected, but there is still the brigand chief Wu Wei and others, who during the last two days have been opposing the Government troops. It is a fact, then, brigands are occupying part of this district, and up to the present they have not been dispersed. On this account, it has not been possible to eradicate completely opium planted by these brigands, and I am therefore very much ashamed.\n\nI have again instructed most strictly the local officials, civil and military, to make the most careful and thorough investigation in regard to secret cultivation of opium, and to pull it up in order to stamp out the abuse at an early date. In this way, we may requite the friendly spirit and assistance of foreign nations. In the event of any breach of the regulations, the offenders are to be dealt with severely in accordance with the law.\n\nI have the honour to address you the above reply for your information.\n\nI have, &c.\n**LI HOU C.II.**\n\n## 121\n\nIf in this way we can avoid the evil spreading over the country, it will be fortunate. I am very nervous in sending this letter, which I beg you will read.\n\nApril 8, 1921.\n**WU WEI, Temporary Commander of the 2nd Regiment of the 1st Division of Fukien.**\n\n### LIST\n\n| Name of Tax | Name of Places in Hsien-yu | Amount in Dollars | Officials |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Field tax or opium duty | Kung Chien Li | 130,000 | Superintendent—Captain Cheng Hao-fei. Evil gentry—Fu Ching-ch'i Yu Ping-huang. |\n|  | Yung Hsing Li |  |  |\n|  | Jen Li |  | Superintendent—Staff Officer Jen. Evil gentry—Wang Chiao-nien. Huang Yueh Lu An-kuo. |\n|  | Hsiang Tien Li | 140,000 | Superintendent—Captain Liu Erb-fen. Evil gentry—Chen Nai-liang. Fang Ching-hejang. Cheng Yu-ting Chiang Fang-ching. |\n|  | Lien Chiang Li | 120,000 | Superintendent—Captain Li Feng-hsiang. Evil gentry—Liu Yu-lin, Chren Wei-chi. |\n|  | Tzu Hsia Li |  | Superintendent—Captain Lin Sbou-kuo. Evil gentry—Chen Shuang-Dan. Huang Tao-heng. |\n|  | An Hsien Li | 180,000 | Not known. |\n|  | Che Kuei Li |  |  |\n|  | Jen Te Li | 70,000 |  |\n|  | Shan Hua Li |  |  |\n|  | Wen Hsien Li | 80,000 |  |\n|  | Wan Shan Li |  |  |\n|  | Esing Hsien Li |  |  |\n\n(The total amount of opium duty levied is 670,000 dollars.)\n\nN.B.—Hsien Yu is divided into 14 li, but there is no opium in Haing Tai Li, and it is not therefore included in this list. All the officials were appointed by Wang Hsien-ch'en. The tax is being levied from February until the middle of April. Up to the present, opium is still to be found in the above districts and the opium tax office has not yet been abolished.\n\n## Enclosure 4 in No. 53\n\nExpress Letters instead of Telegrams to the British, American, French, Japanese, Russian, and Dutch Ministers at Peking, and to the British, American, French, Japanese, Russian, and Dutch consuls at Foochow and Amoy, and to the International Anti-Opium Society.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nWITH reference to the question of opium prohibition, we are very fortunate in that friendly nations signed an agreement for the opium trade to be extinguished within the extremely short space of ten years. But unfortunately, trouble broke out between North and South, and fighting took place in Fukien. The officials made a fine show with words, while the common people are greedy for gain, with the result that opium is again secretly cultivated. Such a proceeding is greatly to be hated. When Ch'en Chiung-ming left Fukien for Kwangtung, he handed back to Li Hou Chi, Governor of Fukien, the districts in the southern part of the province which he had occupied in order to unite the province. In October 1920, General Li sent Wang Hsien-ch'en, commander of the Body Guard, to guard Hsien-yu. But Wang Hsien-ch'en, after reaching Hsien-yu, allowed the people to plant the poppy, and at harvest time, he cunningly created a tax under the name of \"Tien Fu Chian,\" or field tax, and sent officials to establish an office. The tax was 150 dollars per mou, the total being 700,000 dollars.\n\nI append separately a list for your inspection. In this way, he showed his contempt for friendly nations and injured the work of opium prohibition. He aimed merely at profit and did great injury to the district. The proofs of this are very strong and thousands of eyes have seen it. On the 14th March, I sent telegrams to the Chinese Government, to various organisations, various opium prohibition offices, and various societies requesting them to act impartially and make representations to General Li. However, although this is a matter of supreme importance, Chinese officials still show leniency owing to questions of \"face.\" The condition arises, then, that by cunning and fair words, matters are glossed over and the case allowed to close, thus deceiving friendly nations. I am a Chinese subject and in my heart, I realise the danger. I venture to inform you in the hope that you gentlemen, who possess great influence, will be very sympathetic towards this disgraceful state of affairs, and I dare recklessly, therefore, to request you to make strong representations to the Chinese Government and General Li in order to prevent powerful officials from daring to aid the planting in this open manner.\n\n## Enclosure 5 in No. 53\n\n**Consul Phillips to Sir B. Alston.**\n\nSir,\n\nFoochow, May 12, 1921.\n\nWITH reference to my despatch of the 18th April, I have the honour to quote below, from a letter dated the 19th March, 1921, written to the American consul, by Mr. George W. Hollister, an American missionary resident at Hsienyu, Fukien, on the subject of opium cultivation in Hsienyu district:\n\nRecently, Mr. Carson and Mr. Winter, from Hsinghua city, and I made a trip over the Hsienya districts. We covered practically every section with the exception of the mountain circuits. We therefore had a good opportunity to see the amount of land planted in poppy.\n\n\"When we began our journey, we heard that the head officer of the Northern troops...",
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        "content_text": "# Operations on the KWANGTUNG Borders\n\nHis troops made raids in the WAITSAP Districts and from WUCHOW(5) advanced as far as FUNG CHURN(7) and at the same time the KWANGHSI Troops entered the YAM LIM Districts. After this CHEN CHIUNG MING(1) had no alternative but to order his troops to take the offensive and the advance was begun.\n\n## PEKING Plan\n\nThe scheme for the subduing of the KWANGTUNG was a good one had it worked, but unfortunately the various Provinces relied on PEKING did not move, and the scheme failed. The plan consisted of a concerted attack on KWANGTUNG from three sides, KWANGHSI on the West, HUNAN and KIANGSI on the North, and FUKIEN on the East. Meanwhile YANG YUNG TAI(8) was despatched to take his quarters in HONGKONG, and to raise internal trouble in the Province of KWANGTUNG and to act as PEKING's Agent generally. The only part of the scheme which came off was LU YUNG TING'S(2) attack from KWANGSI. The line of attack may be divided into four sections as under, which it is proposed to deal with in detail separately:\n\n- The PAKHOI(9) front,\n- The VATLAM or KO-HUI(10) front.\n- The WUCHOW(5) front.\n- The North River Front.\n\n## Operations on the various Fronts\n\n### (a) PAKHOI(9)\n\nThe KWANGHSI Troops concentrated their main efforts on this front in order to secure communication with PEKING by sea so that arms and ammunition might be sent as promised. The troops were some of the best of the KWANGHSI Army consisting of the 1st Division Frontier Defence Troops under LU YU KWANG(11) son of LU YUNG TING(2).\n\nOn June 24th they crossed the border and captured Ling Mun(12) and advanced into the YAM LIM Districts of KWANGTUNG which were poorly defended by the Cantonese. However, the Cantonese General in charge, at YAMCHOW(13) collected some local defence...",
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        "document_key": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 405,
        "title": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "DATE ARRESTS PLACE OF SEIZURES FINE AMOUNT CONFISCATED CASE NO. REMARKS.\n\n16.3.22 Song Sang Min Kowloon & Whampoa Wharf Discharged 1 Mauser 100 Rounds 145 Empty 12 lb. Shells 1964\n\n12.4.22 Li Ho 68 Ma Tau Wai $100 Pd. 1 Revolver 40 Rounds 2968\n\n4.4.22 No arrest\n\n5.4.22 Chan Yau 3.3. \"Hosier State\" 3.8. \"San Ning\" Mths. 600 Rounds $500 or 3 Mths. H.L.) 1240 Rounds 1240 2744\n\n4.4.22 A boatman Bampan $750 or 6 Mths. H.L.) 2 Mausers 1 Revolver 50 Rounds 38 Rev. Amm. 2644\n\n13.4.22 No arrest\n\n3.5.22\n\n17.4.22 Chan Wing 3.S. \"Taikwa Maru\" 8 Mausers 760 Rounds 1 Man Jubilee Street $200 or 2 Months $100 Pd. 1 Automatic 219 Rounds 3910 200 Rounds 3101\n\n19.4.22 Li Yuk Sang \"Amakusa Maru\" 6 months. 1 Pistol 4 Rounds 3793\n\n14.4.22 Lu Ka Chong S.S. \"Emp. of Russia\" $150\n\n19.4.22 Fan Tai Kin S.S. \"Amakusa Maru\" 6 months 1 Revolver 11 Rounds 1 Pistol 181 3793/95\n\n400",
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        "document_key": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 420,
        "title": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "(+) (367578) W7 20112/36 Gp. 140 60,000 11-22 W&S Ltd.\n\nDATE ARRESTS PLACE OF SEIZURES FINE AMOUNT CONFISCATED CASE NO. REMARKS\n\n16.3.22 Song Sang Min Kowloon & Whampao Wharf Discharged 1 Mauser 100 Rounds 145 Empty 12 1b. Shells 1984\n\n12.4.22 Li Ho 68 Ma Tau Wai $100 Pd. 1 Revolver 40 Rounds 1 2968\n\n4.4.22 No arrest S.S. \"Hoosier State\" 600 Rounds $500 or 3 Mths. H.L.)\n\n5.4.22 Chan Yau 4.4.22 S.S. \"San Ning\" 1 240 Rounds 2744 A boatman Sampan $750 or 6 2 Mausers Mths. H.L. 1 Revolver 50 Rounds 38 lev. Ammu.\n\n13.4.?? No arrest S.S. \"Taikwa Maru\" 8 Mausers 760 Rounds\n\n3.5.22. 1 Man\n\n17.4.22 Chan Wing Jubilee Street. $200 or 2) Months $100 Pd. 1 Automatic 219 Rounds 3910\n\n19.4.22 Li Yuk Sang \"Amakusa Maru\" 6 months 1 Pistol 4 Rounds 3793\n\n14.4.22 Lu Ka Cheng S.S. \"Emp. of Russia\" $150 1 Revolver 365 Rounds 181\n\n19.4.22 Fan Tsz Kin S.S. \"Amakusa Maru\" 6 months 1 Pistol 11 Rounds 3793/95 415\n\nPage 420\n\nPage 421",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7]",
        "page_number": 65,
        "title": "CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7]",
        "content_text": "30\n\n63\n\n·\n\nyousifsoxă TUOY\n\nTSJAİNİ-X8,000-gaul deŸ xil has ig-didƐ zasil,TH\n\n-IDIOM, KRUISdsey savod yu da and od esso, mejo IJmokamumasű to beaawoalb yeaT „beterqretai oðr gout oli ‚I zið yď bolnaqĮ „HILOŇ OWÍ TOvo vel soltiloq\n\nyard, coldmiðla modnað Jamuaną odt of bzagen dili\n\n.S\n\nod Jerello sam doždím socadoedt besaks sad uft-20% oll tadź zaldi\n\nasisilmup and to sghaj oa al has rojarjalnimba on ni sil\n\n:\n\n800\n\n•\n\nmaket\n\n·\n\n,exulikt ede somali „rodartsinimba na qu ezam o♬ og dokde saiasq'ni qu juq and od made ataqquq edi to „zedtens zejta\n\nai jne.zrevol and ožni qðilidate yua souborini et yilidani miH\n\n.zaluqoqa qiynisseront mid antle\n\n-sijaintiaba boơ, a ni hœad redte ent no mil-out gamb\n\nBitudonak of draw an s ojui betrevooo wou sad ed doldu 000,000,858 že jdež a bait o\n\nÀ BÌNÍ MĚ VRcom oroiaqat on at eredt 1000,000,088 1o awigzn Læstne) edt of anlamlad vireqery snow ver al di to Fraq ogral ...moitan edi roi Jared ni di abied grad) død,Smearre vol noiteoillosq edi xi voli grémnes sát te miðstian edi\n\n„rekommalt boeg a, vízalvoitzaq „ina TOJ\n\nJauŭ ode,hand stazaqen adi vaheur gladaraqes sonivong does Yo Jas med and algmære traileoze nå,oonivong sid to svitan a ed Jaaq odź zatwb beredaininha Ler med and dioide, kuomet mi ai lutassoome from mood and all-ost grad) ina,etanę MOŽ sde, Abrudonail viegral at strií babroosa Froqqun zaloqoq adt mil-ost gand)) prinzoo amo uká už už od tadt toak edź of sub -aɔitionq to meall tight edði zela zalbesoetq sta mi „TⱭ has odd jadi sonado sidissoq sa gated eredź (noitabiloamso ina molt Janj zdfrowejoc al 31 amizatiika yi bevisa od Liiv mldơng ezijum aði deiw pallog Jukwadza aid bonoboada nad cool .TI nem bersiq zulðminna að bera gost nail două sát mogu samboegab\n\n•\n\nTęsiaq valuoidzaq ziedi to ovijosquetri stueq Lałolite of sad yansım yiizaloqoq ni yidarabiamo boalag sad od yderedir gamit ni besoɔum yidianoq prøv [[kw m8 ‚70 .anato tuadorem\n\nestablishing himself, though it is too early to speak with\n\nany certainty, as it is not known what reinforcements Wu Pei-fu can send. Chang Tso-lin is assisting Dr. Sun with funds. (I gathered that Er. Yeh is here for the purpose of arranging this). Chan Kwing-ming cannot move from Waichow because of the presence of Hsu at Swatow,\n\n5.\n\nMr. Liang emphasised the possibilities of a dangerous situation at Shanghai. Lu Yung-heiang, Tuchun of Cheklang, and Ho Feng-lin, Military Commander in Shanghai, with some 10,000 troops, are at loggerheads with Wu Pei-fu who is egging on the fleet at Shanghai to attack them; the fleet consisting of 3 large and 10 old small vessels. The Admiral, To Shih-kwei, is not with the fleet, and the Commanders of the ships have declared their independence. If, however, the fleet should go over to Wu Pei-fu, he would attack Shanghai and there would be serious fighting round\n\nthe city, whose supplies might be cut off. Kr. Liang insisted that the danger was a very real one, and he suggest-ed that the Consul-General should be warned.\n\n6.\n\nMr. Liang, supported by Kr. Yeh, argued strongly that the opportunity should be seized, in spite of all obstacles, to construct the loop-line. I pointed out the difficulties and, after much discussion, they said that they would explore the possibility of building it privately with capital subscribed by Chinese merchants. The Chinese Govern-ment would certainly be prepared to take it over as soon as it was a fait accompli, and in any event, with a large Central Station, it would be a paying concern.\n\n7. Mr. Liang said in conclusion that the policy adopted by this Government towards Dr. Sun had given the greatest satisfaction, both in Hongkong and in Canton.\n\nV. FLETCHER,\n\nSd.\n\n25th April, 1923.\n\n1",
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    {
        "id": 496214,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923",
        "page_number": 294,
        "title": "CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923",
        "content_text": "## 2\n\nSzechuan and the expulsion of Sun Yat-sen from Canton, the overthrow of Tang Ch'i-yao in Yunnan and of the Anfu leader, General Lu Yung-hsiang, in Chekiang, and finally, after most of the provinces have been thus dominated, an attack in force on Chang Tso-lin in Manchuria this summer. Tsao Kun is to become President, and he and Wu Pei-fu are then to proceed to the reorganisation of a unified China. It is of course notoriously difficult to forecast events in this country, but one cannot help feeling doubts as to the ability of Wu Pei-fu to succeed where Yuan Shih-kai failed. Perhaps the former, if checked in his plans at Canton, will abandon the attempt to unify the country by force, but for the moment at any rate all schemes for peaceful reunification appear to be relegated to the background, and we are faced with the prospect of continued turmoil and internal warfare throughout the country.\n\n## 7\n\nIn the meantime local rumours of the impending resumption of civil war in North China between Chihli and Manchuria continue to be prevalent, and certain movements of troops on both sides of the frontier between the Metropolitan Province and Manchuria have given colour to these rumours. Wu Pei-fu himself, however, denies any intention of attacking Chang Tso-lin as long as the latter remains within his own dominions, and he spoke in this sense to the military attaché during a visit which the latter recently paid to Loyang. A copy of Colonel Orpen-Palmer's report on this visit is attached to this despatch. As for Chang Tso-lin, he also denies any aggressive intentions, but professes to have conclusive proof that he is about to be attacked by Wu Pei-fu. I have the honour in this connection to enclose copy of a despatch (enclosure No. 3) from His Majesty's consul-general at Mukden, reporting on a conversation which he had with Marshal Chang on the subject of the Peking-Mukden Railway, in which the latter expressed himself in the above sense.\n\n## 8\n\nIn paragraph 9 of my despatch above referred to I mentioned the application, made to this Legation by the Wai-chiao Pu on behalf of Wu Pei-fu for permission for certain ships of the Chinese fleet now in Canton waters to refit at Hong Kong with a view to coming North. A curious development, indicative of the political plottings and counter-plottings which are now going on all over China, occurred in connection with this matter soon after, when the Minister of the Navy conveyed to me a secret message urging that permission for the ships to refit be refused on the grounds that the application had been made against the wishes of the nominally responsible Department, the Ministry of the Navy, and that no matter what guarantees were given, the vessels would after their refit be employed in the furtherance of Wu Pei-fu's military plans. A similar message was also delivered by Admiral Tu, the nominal Commander-in-chief of the Chinese navy, to His Majesty's consul-general at Nanking. I accordingly advised his Excellency the Governor of Hong Kong by telegram that, in view of the above and the strong opposition to the proposal shown by Sun Yat-sen (who had been sounded indirectly on the proposal) the matter had better be dropped, and received in due course his Excellency's reply expressing the hope that it might be possible to induce the Chinese Government to withdraw their application, which would otherwise have to be refused. The fact that hostilities had in the meantime broken out in the South afforded a suitable pretext for regarding the matter as closed, and I accordingly caused a private message to that effect to be conveyed to the Vice-Minister in charge of the Wai-chiao Pu, with an intimation that under the circumstances it was impossible to give any further consideration to the application, which we preferred to regard as withdrawn.\n\n## 9\n\nThe position of the Chinese navy in connection with the general political situation is somewhat as follows: The main flotilla, under the Commander-in-chief, Admiral Tu Hsi-kuei, remains in the Yang-tze in the neighbourhood of Nanking. It will be remembered that in last summer's civil war Admiral Tu supported Wu Pei-fu and the Chihli party in their fight against Chang Tso-lin and sent ships to Shanhaikuan to bombard Chang's line of communications on the Peking-Mukden Railway. From the developments recounted above, however, it is apparent that, like many other of Wu's former supporters (e.g., Feng Yu-hsiang), Tu has now become to some extent estranged from Wu, and, though he may not take the field against him, does not intend to further his military plans, at any rate as far as his operations against the South are concerned. The Chinese Ministry of Marine and the Chinese navy are very largely staffed and officered by Fukienese, and Wu Pei-fu's action in forcing a Northern Governor on Fukien has naturally aroused their opposition. Admiral Tu recently made another threat against the Yang-tzu salt revenues (as he did last spring) owing to the non-receipt of the monthly subsidy of several thousand dollars which he was supposed to draw therefrom for the payment of his men. It was fortunately not found necessary for the Legations to intervene, and the matter has, I understand, now been settled by the renewal of the subsidy. Another portion of the Chinese navy, consisting of the ships at Shanghai, have declared their independence of Peking, and appear to have placed themselves at the disposal of the Anfu leader, General Lu Yung-hsiang of Chekiang. A third portion, the five ships under Admiral Wen Shu-te in Canton waters, which the Central Government desired to refit at Hong Kong with a view to recovering them in Northern interests, had, I am informed, been heavily bribed by Wu Pei-fu to desert Sun Yat-sen, but permission for them to refit at Hong Kong having been refused, their commander will presumably now await developments with a view to joining the winning side.\n\n## 10\n\nIn Peking the prestige and authority of the Central Government continue to deteriorate, and the collapse of the Cabinet, which is as usual in extreme financial straits, is expected at any moment. Opposition to the Administration is becoming more and more apparent in Parliament, partly no doubt as the result of Sun's return to Canton and the outbreak of hostilities between him and forces representing Peking, and there have been unruly scenes in both Houses in connection with attempts to pass a vote of non-confidence in the Chang Shou-tseng Cabinet. Wellington Koo, who is still in Peking, was appointed Acting Minister for Foreign Affairs by mandate in the middle of April, but he has so far refused to accept the appointment, and the Wai-chiao Pu remains without a responsible head.\n\n## Enclosure 1 in No. 1\n\nI have, &c.\nR. MACLEAY.\n\n## Mr. Mayers's Notes of Conversation, April 18, 1923\n\n### Political Affairs: The Chihli Party's Programme\n\nThe following is a note of what was said to me on the 15th April by a Chinese official, who professes to know the policy of Tsao Kun and Wu Pei-fu:\n\nThe plan of dominating Szechuan has already succeeded. Chungking and Chengtu are occupied. The next step in the West and South-West will be to fight T'ang Chi Yao, the Tuchun of Yunnan, but this is less important than the movement against Sun Yat-sen at Canton. Within a month Shen Hung Ying (Shum) and Ch'en Ch'iung Min will drive Sun out of Canton, while Sun Chuan Fang - who is already in Foochow - with the assistance of forces now advancing from Kiangsi, will attack the Chekiang Tuli (Tuchun) Lu Yung Hsiang, and will then have the open support of Tuchun Ch'i at Nanking.\n\nWithin three months the Chihli party will dominate all the provinces south of the Great Wall except possibly Yunnan and Kueichow. Wu Pei-fu himself will probably go to Szechuan, to bring the province into order and smash Tang Chi Yao of Yunnan.\n\nAt the same time, say, in June, Generals Wang Huai Ching (Jehol), Peng Shou Hsin (Shanhaikuan) and Feng Yu Hsiang (Peking) will attack Chang Tso-lin (Mukden). The latter's generals and regimental commanders are nearly all Chihli men, and will come over to the Chihli side. It is all arranged.\n\nBy the autumn all will be over. It is all arranged. Tsao Kun will be elected President by the present Parliament or, if the present Parliament proves unmanageable, it will be dissolved and a new one will be elected, which will elect Tsao Kun as President. There must be a Parliament, because China is a republic, and it must be a large body of many hundreds of members because China is a large country. So Tsao Kun will be President, and the country will be unified. There will be no punishment or persecution of defeated rivals. They will become yuan lao (elder statesmen) and receive salaries. Chang Tso-lin will be required to live in Peking, but Sun Yat-sen can live where he likes.\n\nThe Cabinet will be formed of the most suitable men. Liang Shih Yi is a bad man, but suitable for Minister of Finance. He may be Minister of Finance. Yeh Kung Cho is also a bad man, but he has experience of railways. He may be Minister of Communications, because if Liang is Minister of Finance, Yeh must be Minister of Communications.\n\nLiang Ch'i Ch'ao will be Minister of Education. Wellington Koo or W. W. Yen will be Minister for Foreign Affairs. The difficulty is about the Premier. The most suitable man would be Tuan Ch'i Jui, but he cannot serve under Tsao Kun, as he is senior to the latter. Perhaps it will be Chou Tzu Ch'i. He is a ...",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923",
        "page_number": 454,
        "title": "CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923",
        "content_text": "# MINUTES\n\nIt will be observed that the foot is taking stricter hower as to operm w othe amenting & consolidating orrice, wh, int the Colony to prepare, in a desp. in fine. This One is mi gr. zarkip\n\nMINUTES NOT TO BE WRITTEN ON THIS SIDE.\n\nMr Gotthis. 448 Lu now his M. D's letter of 7/12. returning oft. with anugments, They may I then be accepted. ham \n\nin and a few already Location On 57066, me hama sent and (on 31/4) the 14.0. Suggestion \n\nThe Col. Sunt. Cho, Lamakkal the cores of suspected Levens. Las coomed very Calmont dingersputinately lave ww Comes with HK afund that the the in is a danger that daything Casq the for of their Lewis being unreasonably \n\nThe effect wit. they be the opposite of what Le N.D. want. I subunit oft, d paring whit point this. plight alteration, pencil to A \n\nthe Mgr. hany together; & have added a new fima. If you agree will you pe. pan it for sig. than it Lo Com for by this weeks imaie.\n\nI have received the 10, regaros in as Lush\" on Permis of such a native hat promised to hand it \"Kuvak- I have Chatim 9 a separate acut deep, criculating it separately, wah to Adar Lo as Delay this. V10/12.\n\nBr. Dam for an apraid this has bem delayed a few days as the result from the office fmy absence cold. mit 26/41.\n\n`WCW119/38` Gp. 149 60,000 11-22 W && Lul",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923.txt",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 5,
        "title": "CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "1 Powell L \n\nTelephone C. 457 \n\nUNDER NEW MANAGEMENT \n\nLADIES' \n\nLtd \n\nCHILDREN'S DEPTS. \n\nwe \n\nA \n\nTo make room for our New Goods, \n\nholding are SPECIAL CLEARANCE SALE in these Departments \n\nColossal reductions regardless \n\nof cost. \n\nBe sure you pay us \n\na visit during this week, August 22nd to August 29th. \n\nAN ENDOWMENT INSURANCE POLICY \n\nwill enable your family to redeem the mortgage \n\non your house if you die, and \n\nwill enable you to pay it yourself if you live. INSURE WITH \n\nCHINA UNDERWRITERS, LTD. \n\nAll Clauses of Life Insurance Business Transacted. \n\nLife Assurance Department. \n\n1. C. 1121. \n\nBt, George's Building. \n\nATTRACTIVE HANDBAGS \n\nFOR ALL OCCASIONS \n\nIN \n\nBATICK LEATHER \n\nSILK & SUEDE Also for Afternoon Wear and Many Dainty Novelties \n\nfor \n\nEvening Wear \n\nSMART NEW \n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING \n\n“PHOMENE” \n\nFIRE APPLIANCES. \n\n\"BRITISH THEREFORE BEST** \n\nTwo Gallon Type. Extinguishers as shown above are absolutely necessary in districts where water facilities are limited. Avoid risks and install \"Phomene.\" \n\nAsk for Particulars. Sole Agents \n\nMUSTARD & CO. 16-17 Connaught Road Central Phone 1126. \n\nACKNOWLEDGEMENT. \n\nPOST. WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1926. \n\nPage 9 \n\nSHANGHAI ARMS SEIZURE. \n\nEX-ARMY OFFICER \n\nCHARGED. \n\nFRENCHMAN, GERMAN, AMERKAN AND CHINESE INVOLVED. \n\n(Our Own Correspondent.) \n\nShanghai, August 26. \n\nWEST RIVER PIRACY. \n\nSTANDARD OIL AGENT CAPTURED. \n\nTHE S.S. KWANG HUNG SEIZED AT KAU KONG. \n\nCANTON CHANGES. \n\nEFFECTS OF LIAO CHUNG-KAI'S DEATH. \n\n(From Correspondent.) \n\nCanton. August 23. It appears that the assassination of Liao Chang-kai, the late Bolshevik leader in Canton, is causing some serious changes in the political situation here. \n\nLu \n\n(An Occasional Correspondent.) \n\nWuchow, August 21. When the strike came into effect cutting off communication between \n\nIn connection with the French \n\nSongkong and Wuchow, the \n\nYau \n\naddition to the resignation of Wu \n\nder to recall him. Alternative \n\npolice seizure of arms and ammunition \n\nCompany of Hongkong Techen \n\nthe Police Commissioner, y, it can dismiss him directly. \n\ntion, estimated in value at $46,000 \n\nWuchow transferred several \n\nand the detention of Mei Kwang- \n\nThere are a number of cases in \n\nthere have been arrested Colonel \n\ntheir agents dying the Chinese \n\na Cantonese military consan \n\nwhich a diplomatic agent has \n\nJames Christie, a British \n\nany danger to the Canton-Wuchow \n\nservice. \n\nder, and several other military \n\nher recalled at the request of \n\nver, retired. Relegation \n\nCameral Daily \n\nadduhs have been maintain \n\nand police officers, as reported \n\nthe State in which he resides \n\nhavies \n\n15sch, alina Charles A. \n\ned. The weng Hung left Canton today, the case has also \n\ncatad for a breach of this rule. In \n\nNeed, an 1804, the Spanish Minister to \n\nperson & Frothman \n\nwatert ss usual, for Wuchow, striving of the City Executive Committee. \n\nAmerleen named on Tuesday morning August 18, the resignation of C. C. Wa, Chief \n\nthe United States, attempted to \n\nChrist formerly in the castonte \n\nser- Kan Keg at 9 are the same \n\nvenho tendered his resignation \n\nres- bribe a newspaper to publish \n\nan article in favour of Spain. with \n\nported to be the secretary of \n\nber of pirate ware travelling as its \n\nto accord protection to the de- \n\nroference to a dispute in \n\nGeneral Wong Tse-hua in whose \n\npassengers. When they opened fire \n\ncease high oficial press between \n\ntwe exuntries, aslan were discovered \n\n340,000 \n\nsimultaneously in various parts of; \n\nen the United Sutes anked for \n\nincluding a quantity of counter- \n\nthe ship, several steam launches \n\ntang party said to he suspected \n\nhis recall. For years later, the \n\ntatt tns which the police assert \n\ncame out from the river banks \n\n2 United States were again \n\nquesting the recall of a Minister \n\nas \n\nthe purchase money. The \n\nsarmmanded the steamer. In \n\nAmerican, French and British \n\nWix.] showong 1our \n\nThis time of Mr. Jackson, \n\nThe Courts when the eases \n\nBritish Ambasador, the charge \n\nbeing that in certain toaste given \n\nat pablle dinners he had charged. \n\nBREACH OF TRUST. \n\nAnother member of the Kucmin- \n\nby the authorities is \n\nCheckman \n\nJai, an aviator, formerly District Magistrate of Taungabau and a faithful follower of the late Dr. Sun Yur-ken. I \n\nis understood \n\nwith \"Talsehood and duplicity.\" \n\nSAPORE MAN GETS HEAVY \n\nand he well-to-do. \n\nAfter deliberation, the Ambasea- \n\nthe American administration \n\ndor was recalled, but the British Government duly placed on \n\nvocord that \"His Majesty's Guy- ernment has not marked with \n\nMrs. Lorne Murphy, of the \n\nany expression of displeasure \n\nStation Hot Kowloon, who has \n\nSENTENCE. \n\n· Our Own Correspondent.) \n\nSingapore. August 25. \n\nMr. Compton Cooper, ex-ciskier \n\nTa pirates nas ap apathat \n\nan order has been issued for \n\nsengers and by examining the \n\nthe arrest of Jai, who bas now \n\nhazds of the passengers made \n\ndis- tiretion between the working \n\nappeared, as the revolver used \n\nby the assasain in shooting Liau \n\nAs found with coarse hands were \n\nChunu-kai is Rileyed to being \n\nreleased, \n\nWounded Editor Dies, \n\ntuned. Those with lady dngers\" \n\nwere do- \n\nChan Chau-lam, who was with \n\nashore and the best was \n\nscrunchly \n\nLizo Coung-si and received for \n\ncleaned out. The Captcha was \n\nious wounds ciro, passed away \n\nThe Captain is a Bri \n\nalso taken. \n\njust returned by the imprese \n\nof does not appear to have \n\ncon- of Messra Job Liste And Co. \n\nWand has bees \n\nwary offlsiently for three days in a very critical \n\ntish ahjust noted \"Chen Kam,\" \n\nbital, where he had ocen lying \n\nThis tnorning at the Kung Yee \n\nCanada, destres to convey her \n\nmitted any international offence \n\nconvicted of a breach of trust \n\nin sincere thanks to Mr. H. P. White \n\nagainst the United \n\nthe navigation of this condition. \n\nStates,\" the sum of $4,000 \n\na yetenosil to meble steamer for the past several \n\nditor of the China News in Hong \n\ndueting Mr. Wiarson, Cant. Turnball \n\nAgain in 1871 the United States \n\nthree months hard labour in add \n\nChan was formerly \n\nand all officers of the Douglas \n\nrequests the recall of the \n\ntiva is a tire of $500 with the \n\nPears. All told about fisty \n\nDoug and after his paper was \n\nSteamatip Chowany and friends \n\nRussian Minister, fox inturail- \n\nernative of six mutha' ingrison, \n\nsengers were held captive. The \n\ni pressed he came back to Canton \n\nwe attended the fanem of her \n\nterence in its internal affairs, \n\nart in default as payment... \n\nsteamer was then allowed to \n\nand became an editor of the Min \n\nlato hachawdd und sent wreaths, \n\nand whilst most people will \n\nremen- \n\nber the comparatively recent \n\nWachon on the night of August 20th, \n\njast twants-war hours tale. $120,000 \n\nRansom Asked. Among those taken captive \n\nin her recent sad bereavement. \n\ncase of Dr. Danba, who was recalled by Austria from the \n\nThe Borning Post \n\nWEDNESDAY, Aveer 26, 1025. \n\nComrade Karakhan, \n\nground that he proposed to \n\nhis, government plane ic engineeri \n\nstrikes in American steelworks, \n\nwitich \n\nmanufacturing \n\nWern \n\nmunitions of war. A case of mutual dismissal of Ministara by \n\nFOOD SUPPLIES. \n\nPORE, MUTTON AND BEEF PLENTIFUL. \n\nReduced Demand. \n\nNeo Jia Pag. He was also an in- \n\nfacial ember of the Central Executive Committee \n\nof \n\nthe Kuomintang. \n\nof \n\nwei now chairman of the Brein- \n\nSiner the death of Mr. Liao \n\na number of prominent ciftens \n\nof Cheng-kai, the Soviel Representa- \n\ntire in Canton, who is now High \n\ntravelling as a third class passanger \n\nAdvisor in the Nationalist Govern- \n\nto avoid recognition, as he le well \n\nknow on the Wert River. Mr. Chap- \n\nof a man to succeed Liao in the \n\nLong in the Wochow agent of the \n\ntasks which the deceased and M. \n\nSuch har ter the improvement \n\nlard Oil Company and has \n\nBorngin had been jointly perform- \n\nWe have recently become so \n\nby Great Thilair and Spain in the \n\nfood stastion during the large \n\nancial de cesto. \n\naccustomed to the spectacle of \n\noccurred in 1848. Aravclution \n\npast for days, that restrictions \n\nofmediately recoguised and was \n\nsentative bax found Wang Ching- \n\nHe was ing. So far the Russian repre- \n\nSpain the Soviet Government \n\nviolating reverent in \n\nwas the slaughter if native rattle \n\nbave infurewd as spon payenere \n\ninternational law and exploiting! \n\ni wn to have the spinpality of \n\nzou been removed and the supply \n\n$120,000 he would be immediately \n\ntive Committee of the Nationalist \n\nthe huden diplomatic system \n\nthe British Forestry in a class \n\ntopping the denialet. His assistant and wife \n\nGovernment, the called parson. \n\nits-uture, TARE Tho rucent \n\nPalmerston. I was also \n\nConsumption is being that of \n\nwere wish him. The wife \n\nRussian known that Mr. Bulwer, the Bri- \n\nnormal times, owing probably to the \n\nreleased but the assistant was held. \n\nkecs Conference in the Eden-- \n\nrevolations of the \n\nwas When Wang atleaded the Wer- \n\nCorrespondent to the North \n\n(ish Mtalster at Madrid, het \n\nof people in the Mr. Chap- \n\ntour has been 1 for a \n\nChina Daily News, concerning the same tows as Lord Pabner \n\nCloux, bat uriously cough, this \n\nnumber of weeks non after a long \n\nterany a large number of Wham- \n\ncioual Association Buliding \n\nya- the Soviet's Ambassador to \n\nfan, although he had carefully \n\nis neve instint in beef \n\nBras D \n\nstay in Canton was \n\nreforming \n\nrape Codete escorted him. \n\nKong Paking, end his activities in \n\ntrained from expressing those \n\nany other mest. \n\nWarhow far trestuent. \n\nYing-fan promotiog Bolshevism in China, \n\nviews or from acting upon then \n\nKwangcharwad is now maintain. \n\nzasunod Other taken prisoner inclufofee of Conumissar of finance of \n\nnecasion very little surprise in \n\nany way during the revolting \n\na regalar supply of pigs and \n\non. Chiu Lau-tong, the Principal \n\nthe Provinia Government and \n\nMinister of Finance of the Nation. \n\nundoubtedly have to he a reckon \n\nexpert dismissed him, and return \n\nof more than 200, \n\nmer School of the Christian and \n\nis slat Government corrarently, \n\nand Palmeraton, reply, which \n\nexceets that for any one day \n\nlonary Alliance at Warhow \n\narissed the Spanish Minister in \n\nsince the commencement of the \n\nten Chinese preachers of this \n\nmia- ing these breaches of the \n\nusers onder. The distaiesal of \n\nLode. There are at Jones \n\n1,000sion Mr. Wong Ueno \n\nsut Mr. Lel \n\nAlavies the deceased Lino. \n\nof civilised nations, it is well to have \n\nou veront in what parti- \n\nSackville, the British Ambassa- \n\npigs in stock and this is being \n\nKip-chi. cats Comrade Karakhat has \n\ndor to Washington, in 1888 \n\nseems added a daily. \n\nThe abject of the attach \n\nan this. \n\ning with Russia one day, respect \n\nAUE.UUT \n\nagain offended, assuming what to \n\nbave been rather a straining \n\nNative cattle supplies exceed \n\nthe vessel serns to have been to \n\nobtain seama winest incontestable \n\nat the international right given \n\ndement and the dealers may now \n\na large shipment of money that \n\nwas During and market without restraint \n\nsupposed to re aboard for one f \n\nthat the documents published in \n\nto an offended State. \n\nHad \n\nTHE SANITARY BOARD). \n\nNEW BY-LAWS ADOPTEL. \n\n-- \n\nthe \n\nM. N. Smith presided over a \n\nthe North China Daily News are \n\nthe American presidential elee \n\nSanghat is applying sheep as \n\nare the lees; hanks, Silver \n\nicin and peeting of the Sanitary Bourd \n\nhet authentic. In their handling \n\nof \n\nthe situation in China the Bol- \n\nwas formerly British subject, \n\namount of local mutton is to be \n\ndomand in Wachow later and \n\nsince the embargo on wall cap \n\nfront. T. Groney, Dr. I. W. Tae. Dr. \n\nthe greatest skill and efficiency. \n\nThey have utilised every little \n\nhow he was to give his \n\nvoted but poultry eat eves \n\nshow a tendency whether Mr. Cleveland, if 23- \n\nA \n\nto increase. Vagetables and \n\na bank notes and anali coin have \n\ngood example of this is the atti- \n\nelectal, would support a policy \n\nage he obtained at little more \n\nbeen arriving daily from Canton. \n\ntude conveyed by their Embassy \n\nof friendliness to England. Lord \n\nto oimal rises and generally at \n\nPaking. The Foreign Powers \n\nSackville replied to vague and \n\nspeaking, the situation is extremely \n\nare represented in China by \n\nneral terms that any satiating \n\nand is cally becoming \n\nthe other more se- \n\nfavouring Ministers only, and not by \n\nfull pecly Ambassadors. The explanation \n\ncountry would inse popularity\" \n\nof this is the disturbed conditiou \n\nthat he boliavad Mr. Cleveland \n\nIt is a fact that a large hand \n\nat plates have been operating in the \n\nteretaty), Mr. D. Tavies \n\nand Mr. G. Kennedy kiten also \n\npresent. \n\nreserving \n\nThe dret by laws governing fond \n\nestablish pools and seruted water \n\nmanufactorios CAIDS months. The leader of this \n\nremarking that there was \n\nup for consideration, the chairman \n\nKau Kong weinig for everal \n\nSPORTS COATS \n\nof China, which robs the country \n\nwas desirous of maintain \n\nEnture is lisaged in an editorial \n\nCanton and Muceo. She is called \n\nBoar went into exilee. \n\nIN \n\nLIGHT-WEIGHT \n\nTWEEDS \n\nand WOOLLENS \n\nHAVE ARRIVED; \n\nALSO \n\nCREPE RUBBER SOLED \n\nGOLF BROGUES. \n\nLADIES' GOLF CLUBS. We have a large selection by leading makers. Prices $6 & $7. \n\nLANE, CRAWFORD'S \n\nPEDDER STREET, \n\nLADIES \n\nSALON \n\nhe \n\nIx reported to ese to be a women \n\nsession regarding them who frequently vita fongkong hocght it would he better if the \n\nof its full internation statusing friendly relations with Groat \n\nin the Gentini Chin Port. \n\nThey theyhinese is affectionate terms \n\nwas im-paper pins ont that the opinion \n\nThe Pirate Queen. She ensure \n\nwas no diariasier they might: When the Soviet turned its \n\nBritain, although it attention to Cbica, however, it \n\npossible to predict his course \n\nis held by Chinese that they can \n\ntainly seria now to be at leent \n\nthe \n\nDr. Petrse paid at the 'sat meet- \n\nrealised \n\nSHANGHAI INCIDENT, \n\nhe then ca bloc \n\nIf \n\nshould be made and these rensals \n\n[ead now been digrala bed. \n\nthat for Bulshevis beforehand.\" \n\nThis correspon- \n\ngo on strike jug! when they \n\nplease! \"qseen of the Wajk\" \n\naround Kaighe xare reasons why \n\nthe by-law \n\npurposes Peking would be the \n\ndie becoming known to the \n\nand when they come back \n\nreceive Kong. most important capital in the United States Government, \n\nFord their old jobs again and be paid \n\nworld. Accordingly the Sovint \n\nSackville was discussed by them, \n\nin full for the time when no work \n\nappointed as Chinese Ambassa- \n\nIt seems imposible to justify \n\nwas, done, a of which, the vaper \n\ndor (and not Mister) one of the \n\naction of the United States \n\nadds, ia pact and purest of the \n\nIts most capable agents. \n\nin this stance, since diplomatic \n\npresent Chisens belief that they \n\nA resnit of this, since usage and common sense allkej \n\ncan do what they wian with \n\nfor Ambassarlor takes precedence \n\nof sume that twn States wish to \n\ncizners, shoot them and all the \n\nMinister, Comrade Karakhan \n\nremain in friendliness with one \n\nrest of it, but retaliation in the \n\nwas placed at the outect in an \n\nanother until the contrary is \n\npart of the foreigners becomes a \n\nexceedingly favourable position, \n\nproved. These cases Ulustrate heinous crime. Whilst that state \n\nTo neutralise the advantage thus \n\nthe strictness with which a \n\nStatement correctly \n\nAs \n\nMER \n\nCalerpreted \n\nthe \n\nITALIAN MINISTER'S CONFERENCE. \n\nShanghal, Angust 20. On the 21st the Italian Minister called upon Shay Jai un stating that the Diplomatic Corps was asiti \n\nOn Dr. Macgown intimating that he wishna to discuss the by- laws nevemag the quality of water used in making aurated waters and le the matter of cleaning belts before they wwe died a second time, the chairman moved thus the Board go into committee, which was immediately done. \n\nOn the Board resuming, the by- \n\nlaws, siended, wern adopted. \n\nat the present time prueervan its Chinese viewpoint before the desirous of a speedy settlement af cleverly and legitimately obtain integrity from the activities of strike, is questionable whether the Shanghai incident and esposed el by the Bolsheviks, \n\nthe foreign diplomate agents accre that opinion is generally helt arst to negotiate the restoration of Ministers of the Powers reited to it. Since Gains wishes longkong to-day. In fack, the Mixed Court, leaving the other presented at Peking retained thei \n\nto be ensidered a member of pride ourselves on the fact that Heme to be discussed systematical Diplomatic Corps, which at the Farily of Nations, and is the strikers who have returnedy. Shum Jaalus priznised to take ority of 95005 per cent has been through the agency of the senior therefore bound by international have been taught a lesson they will the prosal into consideration-produced by the Hoope electrolyti Minister (who is at present the law to respect the usages of cot men farget \n\nIt is true that Tsui Wan Yat Po. Traian Minister) on all qacations \n\ncame back affecting the relations of the civilized States, its obvious when more of them: \n\nPowers with China. The duties ourze would be to investigate they had the audacity to ask for of diplomatic agent may be immediately these documents their full pay. but in no se, 20 de5ned as the prosecution of bia which inplicate the Soviet Am-far as our knowledge gou as country's interests diplomatical-assador en extensively, and, this conceded. \n\nly with the foreign government and the charges true, its only \n\nOn course is to dismiss him unma \n\ndiately. privileged \n\nAbinina chaited to have a \n\nje pessors, and is stated to differ \n\nvery materially from the ordinary \n\nPEKING UNIVERSITY. \n\n90 per cent aluminion sheet It is Parók shorter. Ik zemina notarnish \n\nOn the Aber haul! IN FAVOUR OF COMMUNISM. god uery were given the order! \n\nof the boot. Thanks to tas fra \n\natkiude zdoyted by the Govern \n\nThe \n\njed in air a long time, and is hee such greatly increased resistance lne szida anit other chemicals that Paklog, Angue: 8. \n\njis endines & week'a imuaersion in Minister of Education droolric acid with only slight ment and the community general Chang Szchas, stated at the Gabi effect, although the ordinary shest Ar. the retioned stikers have niet meeting that the Peking Uni-metal is hsscived completely in been completely disillusioned, and veralty was in favour of voor bath The chic parity there is a strict rule of inter- The important point of what thewe very much doubt whether they; uism and desired to sevOr connec-contained in the commercial TEKS national law, forbiding him to employer is going to do to safe-1 will be as anxious to ge ont agala' tion with the Ministry of Edutainhure is epper, the iron and silicon interfere in the hiternal politics guard houself from strikes in the uz they were ou this occasion, tion-Fun Wan Yat Po. \n\nhaing is very stall amousk \n\nio which he is accredited. account of the position which he enjoys in consequence \n\nof these duties, The Strike and After. \n\nOVER-NIGHT CABLES. \n\nANGLO-FRENCH CONVERSATIONS. \n\n\"PARTICULARLY CORDIAL ATMOSPHERE.\" \n\nFrance Asks Equal Treatment With Italy. \n\nParis, August 35. While expressing satisfaction at the \"parifcaleriy cordial etmospbare\" in the conversations between Mr. Churchill and M. Calllaux, the new siapers continue to urge the necessly of speciai | consideration for Prince. \n\nL'Ecko de Paris's London outrespondent anys that M Caillaux | insisted that Mr. Churchill give auge vgual treatment with Ealy. The correspondant hopes the impression will not gain ground that Britain it using the question of debts gain Italy's good graces. \n\nLe Petit Journal, referring to the heavy eenditions\" which the United States imposed on Balzium and the suggestion of the Limited Status impose harsher term on France, says that the foreign press and public appear to forget that all this wi crente a sale of economie inossibilĥouter. \n\nLondon, August 25. \n\nM. Caillaux spent the morning at the French Embassy with his experte. M. Caillax taler visited fancices in the city, meeting Mr. Churchill at the Teasury Tata is the afternoon.- \n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1925. \n\nTHE \n\nCLEAR OUT \n\nBOLSHEVISTS. \n\nGREAT MASS MEETING URGES HOME GOVERNMENT TO TAKE ACTION. \n\nPROMPT AND DECISIVE MEASURES URGED. \n\n\"THE CANGER MUST BE RUTHLESSLY CUT OUT.\" \n\nOpposition Speaker Heckled, \n\nA \n\nThe haii \n\nA peene of great enthusiasth we witnessed at the Theatre Royal last evening when a great mass meeting of Hongkong residents aicpted, practically uniously, a roselation urging the Home Gov- srument to deliver an affam to the Canton authorities. was crowded, fally one thousand people being present. The addresses made in support of the resolation were frequently ami fourty ap planded, but one speaker who ventured to votes appcaition, met with good deal of beckling. The proceedings, which lastet for chise \n\nBritish National Antham. upon two hours, were brought to a conclusion with the singing withe \n\nThe meeting has provided over the Governments at Hors \n\nHis \n\nthe spot. who know and realise; the exbrerse govily of the eitis- Etia (Applause). \n\nThe telegram we send to-night,. therefiae, whatever may be sɛid! jlo speechee, about! avolii any. \n\nthing like viient language in the Text and confine itself to isspres. give statements of farts and such [deinands as ure reasonably set Forth and yousible of viiment. is with this object, in view that the suggested telegram, which has tor sutne time appeared in the Press, that eigin receive matitve: gonsideration by you ali, hat been most carofully druited, and 2 trustj ithet ne material alteration to it I will be called for \n\nWaking up at Lask To epits of all that has been telegraphed, until a few days ako It compelled to helieve that the Government at Home still consi- dar that the liongkozy aus South China troubles are all part of the \"China onesting,\" whton propej after the \"Shanghet weilent\" or are bound up with that Sheldonti \n\nWhile M. aflux was busy at the French Embassy Mr. Church by the Hon. Mr. P. H. Holyank, Fixuellency the fovernor in eirag and the Young Chine Nationalist was similarly engaged with his experts at the Treasury ludying the whe was supported on the plat upon this letter had authorised me Movement, and can be settled by French viewpoint. Owing to last atinute changes in the plans om by Sir Hoary Pollock, Hou to quote that portion of his letter cuees or socle special envy, hut Fon-csestations in Poking, confer- Ceilex week the Treasury at wes to sen Mr. Chrehjli.--Rezston i My, IT, W. Bird, Hon. Mr. G. G. \n\nwhich refers intimately to thisise recent shipping proclamations Alabaster, K., Mr. A. Macgowan pronunciation at the Canton Club: or the Canton authorities son at: (Swab), Mr. W. & Bailey, Mr. \n\nagree with Sie Jane Jamieson's Inst to be waking it up. Heat J. Owen Hughes, fr. W. A. Towies lection to the thily Pres art-hear). and others. \n\nfele, and should like you to an- \n\nOBITUARY. \n\nMAJOR GENERAL REGINALD C. W. E. MITFORD. \n\nThe death is announced of Mejut General Regina Beverley Mitford.--Mouder. \n\nDoes His Majesty's Government; The Chairman, before proceed-derstand that consider that still utterly disbelieve the reapon ing with the business for which his present Juncture Sir Jamesponsible statenate made in the the meeting bed bean culled, said: Jamieson has done everything any stream of eables of the gravest 1 desire to straighten out an incl- body in that position could do ature by the Governor of this dent connecteit with our original and I should greatly regret any Colony, and all the responsible! meeting. You will remuetaber that dea that there is a lack of entles already on the spot refer \n\nThe trouble red to, or do they seriously profess! KC that they are cuable any longer \n\nfiere \n\nof because \n\npared to shanden, the lights of in protect, or at any rate are pre-j British subjects secured to taem \n\nRoen at Waterloo Manor, Hants, February 20 \n\nthat neither General Mitford was the youngest son of the late 31. Join Words that original public noting operation bereen va barrister at law and the grandson of the historien of Greece. Based ot only a resolviton of \n\nanything, confidence in Sir Juanes Jamieson, do was educated at Rugby and was appointed en eusten in the India His Baleaty's Consul General inhing that other of us ca Army in 1855. He served in the Indian Mutiny during which he was Cantan, but we paid has a high the only people who can set severely wercdel and was mentioned in despatches, receiving the tribute. After that he was grill. His Majesty's Government G. G. O. He was recommended for the Victoria Cross by Lord Clyde and in the public Press. da October 29, 1358 Ia i Nogi West Frontier Expeditions, fericism was undebtedly largely and later in the Afghan War, be gained distinction and eventually due, if not entirely, to a sun- retired in 1826. He was a craui travetter and had toured the Orient-derstanding, wad I feel that it is Ladies and gentlemen, on the Authorities \n\nThe Chairman, proceeding, said: Ameries and civilised Karope and had pablished a number of books due to His Majesty's Consul 27th dealing with the countries visited and in the subject of the fran Geners in Canton that that itaing \n\nJuly Just Al \n\nMutiny. \n\nthis Theatre. \n\nRose Edouin, Actress. \n\nLandor, August 25. \n\nThu \n\n(Applause). \n\nThe Chairman's Speech. \n\nbeld ip \n\nmset- \n\nsolemn trsaties and will they supiusly automir, to the Javest hi-j Rofent challenges to Great Britain| of the present Canton Boisberlat \n\nI know well the difuuhtes they so hayo jo face in wont of unanimity: tion should be definitely cleared up crowded that very us ourd not and help from other \"Powers,\" an ad this meeting (Applanon). I may get in-smugst other thinge-His well as fire great industrial pro say that before leaking this state-Majesty's Government was urged bleins they have to deal willi et The death is announced of the cetogezarian actress Rose Fdouin muut I submitted it, because it is a strongly worded and gravely Home, but, unless this Canton who toured with the first English company in India and the Far Eartperry the Government to the considered rosetation that situation is tackled seriously and managed by her husband, Mr. Lewis---Rastor, \n\nINDIAN COTTON DUTIES. \n\nJAPAN CHARGED WITH DUMPING, \n\nGovernor, and I bave He consent İshould immediately inform the at once, not only will Brilish juler- ot only to make the stavovases but i de forte Governmet in Canton asts here and in South China be bis vermismos also to quote some that unlove it withdraws Rs sup-fcrippled for years to comes bus the remarks in a letter concerning th port of the attack upon British in Bolshevik pofamous propaganda A Newspaper Article. terupts, it will de regnaded un he will spread like fire, Soget through \n\nStratz \"The Consul General in a recent ny entered into a alete of busidity the \n\nSuttlements, 01 address, at the Clah, referred with the British Gayetä tuke , 20 \n\nthrough human and into Indu,! Receiving a depatation of Bombay mill-owners, the Viceroy hung Dalla Frege of the 1h inst. for reasons which it is impossible it be a tremendous conflagration. The leading artfela in the long- Almost a monta has passed and with the visa that not only will declared that the cotton ezelse dry cannot be abolished remediately under the handing of Sir James to understand, that vitally impur-for the nation to fight, but the for financini reascun, but the Government is pledged to abolition when Jamieson, which you have doubt tant telegram, which elemanly restrial problems at Hew and! finemial considerations perut. \n\nDincasing the suggested and-damping menseres apalast Japanid that it was based on 20 in throughout South China withersport trade will be increase the \n\nless read. \n\nThe Consul General cited existing conditions here sederployment through lack of the Vicorns admitted that he was prewed by the deputation's ecrrect appreciation of the situa- jone word of exaggeration, but fact, that must be faced statements regarding Japanese labour conditions, but the milers. He esglained that the Canparently been completely ignoret \n\nantrously. Streng words, but had not substantiated the charge of damping by definite facts andton Governani forwarded certain by His Majesty's Government.theless, and I wish we could ngures. He undertook to have the question examined if evidenre were decade following the shooting \n\nThere has been a sittle confusion route the people of England to \n\nafray et June 23rd fast, and these about these talegrams. \n\nunderstand and realise them. The cult densands, which were forwarded to Edential reply\" refered to lu me \n\n(ADDINERO). Lorden and Paris, were as follows: letter to the \"Press\", I should Cancer Must Be Rezoved. \n\nOsco and for all let it again he I. High Conmiasteners of the here explain, was a confidential; \n\nratione involved, to apologise, zaswer to one of the many tele clearly stated that no conference 2. Adaquate punishment of e arus sent Home by the Clumber in Peding, or any amber of them, General and the of Commerce, There has been no special comdesioner or envy. \n\nproduced.—Rextar. \n\nTHE LEAGUE'S OPIUM COMMITTEE. \n\nJAPAN TO RATIFY CONVENTIONS, \n\n------ \n\nGeneva. August 25. In the course of the proceedings in the Leagus d Nations Opium Committee, Docker Tsurum announced that Japan world ratify the Opfum Conventions elaborated at the rorent inferuational conferences. -Router. \n\nAMERICA AND NEW ZEALAND, \n\nA GENEROUS TOKEN OF APPRECIATION. \n\nAuckland, August 28. The American avai otticary and men hava donated $1,000 tu the) Institute for the Blind, in recogullion of the hospitality of the citizens of Auckland-Reuter. \n\nConsul \n\nSealer Naval Officer, \n\nanswer whatever to the telegram houver distingutahed and how \n\nthe 27th of July. \n\n3. No further troope or sum-of-feom the public neting held on ever much he may help the North- \n\nwar to come to Cantor. \n\n4. Withdrawal of wavahipa from \n\nen ureblem, can possibly settle \n\nTo-night, with conditions Infinite the prevent aluustion in Canton. Canton or delte, excett two worse than they were then and which is not a Chinees problem nespatch fosats for the use of with further declarations of the attack upon Hongkong and \n\nat all, but a Bolshevik ore and thaij the Consulate. \n\nhostility against Great Britain by British Interest in South Ce 5. Compensation for killed and the Canto authorities, we are Russian in its origin und that: \n\nwounded. \n\nmat in even greater unbere. they are using their Chinese dupes to further their conspiracy against \n\n6. Rerdition of balá Concessions endorse the options which have \n\nWhere is a cancer \n\nTo the Franxiang Govern-poured ions from every rep Great Britain. merk \n\nsible bady Government, Unofcial \n\nIn our midst which threatens the London and Paris replied to the inembers of both Counctie, Cham- effect that those derauds could be of Cmurarer backed by er must be ruthlessly cut out and then \n\nChinese 29 much as ourselves--it, not be considered. The new Car-large interest hore, Chuna Asrouls-sooner the better. (Applause). ten Government that assomed to and private telegram- \n\nLadies and gentlemon, with the cffice on July 1st, repeated these jhat is Majesty's Government hope that our legram to the demands and stated that no resto-cannot piesd ignorance upon the Prime Minister may assist him tel Seven negro soldiers of the thighth Infantry Regiment wersation of coral relations and eltuation. killed whan a howitzer burst during pracilce. Reuters American they had been discussed. \n\nsvaditions coule be aspected before Service. \n\nGUN ACCIDENT. \n\nNEGRO SOLDIERS KILLED, \n\nRockford. H., Aufust 25. \n\nCHINESE TARIFF CONFERENCE. \n\nwww.co \n\nBRITAIN WILL ATTEND. \n\nLondon, August 25. The British Government has now accepted the invitation of the Chinese Cuvornmunt attend the tariff conference on the 23rd October-Rauter. \n\nMOTOR ACCIDENT, \n\nDUTCH SOCIALIST KILLED. \n\nBrussels, August 25. M. Nan Kol, the Daich evetallet, ex-Scoater and colonial expert, has been killed in a motor zevident.-Reuter \n\nFRANCE AND SPAIN IN MONOCCO. \n\nOFFENSIVE TO BEGIN IN TEN DAYS. \n\nFOR BATHING PARTIES, \n\nPICNICS, etc. \n\nJAS. BUCHANAN & CO.S BLACK & WHITE WHISKY \n\nin FLASKS & FLASKS. \n\nFitted with glass stoppers, no corkscrew required. \n\nPRICE OF FLASKS \n\n55 \n\n+1 \n\n$2.10 $1.10 \n\nDONNELLY & WHYTE \n\nTel Contral 635. \n\nSole Agenta. \n\n2. Queen's Buildings. \n\nRid Your Home of Flies with \n\nFLYOSAN \n\nUPER-INSECTICIDE, \n\nAlso ills Roaches, Mosquitoes, Mathe, Azta, Redbugs, Lice. Fleas and other Insects. NON-POISONOUS \n\nto every other form of Animal Life. \n\nFOR SALE AT \n\nTHE CHINA DISPENSARY. \n\n32, Quang's Road t \n\nEast of Central Market, \n\nPhone 594 \n\nAre you still doing the \n\nwashing? \n\nIf so why not \n\nhave a gas wash boiler \n\nIt saves time \n\nmoney and \n\nclothes. \n\nFor sale or \n\nhire from \n\nHONGKONG & CHINA GAS CO., \n\n9 \n\nLTD. \n\nreside for the purpose of all steamship communication be carrying on the moreaufile tween Canton and Hongkong, bath pursuits, without molesta- direct and via Maeso, and also for loo or restraint, ut Chaton, the boycet in Cantor and other Amoy. Foochuw, Ningpc aud porta la South China as well a Article V of the Treaty of British subjecte ships and goods. Shanghai \n\nStrategy, Amoy and Foochons, of \n\nNanking which British They have also openly declared Merchants are permitted, er her intention of destroying by ail porta where Dhey mazy every means in their power, Hong- reside \"to carry on their kong, ts trade and prosperity. Tuercantile transa \n\nWith whatever sevsons they classes entering and elearing to inse.\" \n\nand from Hongkong wos 70,330 Article X of the Trozty of vesadis totalling 5,000,000 tons. Nanking authorising yoout From Jet January to 30th June belonging to British Mer-fast the average daily number of chard to be conveyed by yesek entering and caring Chinese Murchants to any Hongkong has been 60 vessels province or City in the averaging 99,600 to Since the Interior of China. \n\nerists started the average daily \n\nrealise the true position in Hong- The Gravity of the Slination, What \n\nkong and South Chica and so lend I confess I find in Gillealt do to prompt and decision action then has the craul General to \n\nIspunit without voicing L indigna- either in cogurt with other disease with the Canton over we all foui at the procrastina Powers or if need be, by Great) ner with H viwy to ending the \n\n[tion, hit 1 recoguise they Bus Britain stone, I beg to formally present situation. le he to discuss \n\ncitration is an gave that I desire amove thas the following telegram his own punishment or the ren- dition of the British Concession to avoid saying oue word which he sent from this meeting to Hir may be regarded, at Home, za Majests'e Prime Minister in Lor- Home Government faces theseterical or which may give or don \n\nmements to prempe and direct ac- It will be secunded by Mr. W. S1) Article XI of the Treaty of number of vessels entering and decauda? The mere fact of dig-tion, in Cantea, ecession to dia- Bailey, and after that has been feussing then: would be an AU- \n\nnission that the incident of June out our advice or undervalue done I shall be glad to bear ther unis meeting. No one who has reukors hefure putting the tale 123rd was greated by Shameer, been away from Hongkong and gram to the meeting. (Applause). \n\nwhich we kauss deinitaly to be South Ching, even for the last six \n\nThe Resciation. \n\n10. \n\nTientsin which also opened clearing Hongkong has been 1 Swatow and okker Southern russels totalling 36,579 tens only. Porta for Foreign trade and but these figures include \"P. & 0.\" stated that “il is agreed that \"Blue Funnel\" \"President\" and Brith aubjects are pertait. \"Empress vessels which are nat ted to carry an irade with affected by the buycolt. whomenever thay please, and proceed to and fro wt pleasure with their ve vels and merchandise.\" Chatton a Gateway. 1 \n\nThe obwrvance of these provi- \n\nOur Canton trade comprising some 12 large Passenger vessels has been entirely stopped. Since the lat Jaly the average daily number of skipa including river zieamars, held up through the boy- cost has been 5 of which 15 rre \n\nmentus, could possibly conceive | This Colony as a vital part of Dally Prem Knew Wothing \n\nhow dangerous the Bolshevik the British Empire, Haring aires ly now absolutely nothing about the on British Oterests, and I wishram unanunealy passed at \n\nThe Daily Prese states that they treat is. with its epelat attack vately appanded through le measures that are being taken to that a few of my own personal frea: Mass Meeting held on July bring the present deadlock to a friends who, until a very few years 1271b and passed on by the Gover- end and that as far as they are ago, huid the same responsible nor at its request. to Hils Murjesty's sware the Hongkong Goverment positions out here as those who Government, now appeals to His jare equally in the dark. The Con-to-day have drafted many of the Majesty's Prime 31ster to take sions of the Treaties is imperative \n\nsul General folvement as that important telegrams to which steps to have the following pro-fox the commoerusal prosperity of Britian, Paris, august 25. Reports from Madrid state that Guteral Prano do Rivers has Peking and \n\nropies of all his despatelos in hat already referred, were here visions of the Treaties of Nunking this Colony, seeing that Camson is the Foreign Office now to study the situation for 1942 and Tientsin 1858 betas ceu the principal gateway for British aaronneest that the offensive against the Riffs will begin in en dags have been forwarded to Bosghongshomssives, and they would quicke Great Britain and China carried trade into South Chine. tine-Renter, \n\nand the Hongkong Government realise how woefully and dia-out, amely: therefore know ail ifat the Congal astrously, the \"Cantou situation\" General has written. As the Con and the peril of Hongkong and aul General pointed out, there is South Chins are being misunder ne possible basis for discussion stood in London to-day and give 1 here, and the next move rexe with; leredence and ear to those, upos \n\nEVACUATION OF THE RUBK. \n\nDuested biên Aorus 25 \n\nThe French evacuation bas been completed. Router. \n\nTo-day there are 16 of which 22 are British. \n\nThe present Canton Authorities The recent proclamation by the Article II of the Treaty of teño are independent of the Cen Ganten Authorities with regard to Neaking watch provides tral Government at Paking and coastal Navigation later that that British subjecta, with have been in othee for less than Vessels of any Nationsity, reccot their families and establish months are directly and solely British and Japanese. may enter ments, chali be allowed to responsible for the cutting off of (Coutinaod on pige 10.) \n\nPage 10",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12].txt",
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        "id": 500972,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 7,
        "title": "CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "32\n\nFOR THE\n\nSWIMMING\n\nSEASON\n\nWe are displaying an excellent range of\n\nBATHING COSTUMES\n\nRUBBER BATHING CAPS & SHOES\n\nSWIMMING FLOATS\n\nDo Not Fail to Inspect our Display of JANTZEN'S & JAEGERS'\n\nLADIES' AND GENTS'\n\nBATHING COSTUMES\n\nIn all Colours and Attractive Designs.\n\nThose Pure Wool Costumes are unexcelled for their wearing qualities, comfort and style, and they always retain their shape.\n\nTHE SINCERE CO., LTD.\n\nHOTCHKISS\n\nDON\n\nFALST BROS.\n\nKIRKCALDY\n\nHONGKONG EMPORIUM\n\nAN OLD FAVOURITE BACK AGAIN!\n\nConnoisseurs will remember \"DON\"- the favourite Scotch Whisky of Pre-War Days.\n\nNOW for the first time since the war, we can again supply DON.\n\nSole Agents:\n\nN. S. Moses & Co., Ltd.\n\nWhy Your Printing Should be the Best.\n\nMost people characterise the standing of a firm by its printing. Shoddy, or even mediocre printing gives the impression of mediocrity.\n\nAs you judge a man's character by his habits so do you judge a firm by its methods: its printing, its correspondence, the promptness, and its general tidiness in business.\n\nMake sure your printing is good, clean, and has that touch of distinction which a first-class printer makes his speciality.\n\nUp-to-date and good printing is executed by\n\nSouth China Morning Post,\n\nTel. 440.\n\nLimited\n\n3 Wyndham Street\n\nHongkong.\n\nSOUTH\n\nCHINA MORNING POST.\n\nTHE\n\nECONOMY IN HOME BUILDING.\n\nTHE OWNER AND THE\n\nARCHITECT.\n\nBy Oswald C. Bering. Published by Robert M. McBride Company, New York $5.\n\nWEDNESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1925.\n\nBUILDER.\n\nFOUNDATIONS.\n\nBUILDING PROBLEMS IN HONGKONG.\n\nMuch more general appearance\n\nThe timber pile, both squared and round in a \"tree shape\", have been the most greatly used in the past. These are driven in by a falling weight, or steam hammer, until a specified resistance at each fall is obtained.\n\nTo-day the timber pile has largely been replaced by piles of concrete, steel and combinations of concrete and steel.\n\nConcrete piles can be divided into two classes, viz precast and cast in position.\n\nMr. Hertug has added another to the list that may be met with by architects in the East.\n\nThe \"ground\" in Europe is one of the most important factors of shares and limits average matter, and in addition the conditions of space.\n\nThe precast pile is cast very much in a similar way to that of the thinner pile, and is generally made with a pointed end, and land reclaimed are so found by the soil, or a metal shell is driven into the ground upon completion of all the piling and forethought for back that they can ease to be carried through to an also be said, with safety, ground, and\n\nHe is never pre-in Great Britain, that old or bedding upon \"bad ground\" make a compromise when it comes to inferior quality is not usually a paying proposition, land being generally purchased at rates which are less than the cost of reclamation, or at less than the extra cost\n\nWith the metal shell as a mould, the metal shell covers a collapsible general pile cure, the shed and the raundiena sufit upon waslabic soil.\n\nArchitects seem to feel pretty strongly a lack of the paper of river-side warehouses and dock sititude toward their profession, and where low-lying sites, by their due both to ignorance of the lay Homes, base & valce in giving man, as well as over ambitious re-\n\naccuse on waterways and storage presentatives within the preïez-\n\natungarde. slur. Much space is devoted in this bank to emphasizing the importance of selecting a good architect, and what is more, excending\n\na bilding site may range from portance of rebitecturo as the Dig ind waa an art. I must be honoured with\n\nin\n\nold allowed to haraan, and dzisi\n\nThe precast pi'e la cast ven in a similar way to that ef the thinner pile, and is generally\n\ngood agricultural pie cast in position may\n\nJo\n\nend, and lande reclaimed are so fond by the soil, or a metal shell\n\nInto the\n\nupon completion of\n\nall the pianting and forethought for hack that they can ease to be\n\nWhere the earth forms be mould, at any heantau! thing that is spoken of as cocinimes worth being carried through to an also be said, with safety, ground, and\n\nland metal lobe la driver\n\ncompletion.\n\nHe is never pre-in Great Britale, that ocliving driving the tube, concrete is passed pared fo\n\nmake a compromise lard or bedding upon \"bad ground\"\n\ndown the tube, the tube being with-- when it comes to inferior quality is not n staally a paying propal-drawn as the couerote is placed. of materials or -guted dion, lana being reuerally pureba\n\nWith the metal sheli as a mould, the metal shell covers a collapsible: cunstances, he always indicates as than the cost of reclamation, meral ple cure, the shed and the a smaller scute, or simplified as ur et less than the extra cost\n\nraundiena sufit upon waslabic soil. Architects seem to feel pretty Tan exceptious are to the rase strongly a lack of the paper of river-side warehouses and dock sititude toward their profession, and where low-lying sites, by their due both to ignoranes of the Jay Homes, base & valce in giving man, Ax well sa over ubitious re-\n\naccuse on waterways and storage presentatives within the preïez-\n\natungarde. slur. Much space in devoted in this bank to emphasizing the mould mad, to hard rock, or six à bilding site may range from portance of selecting a good arritures varying between these two tect, and what is more, excending Mad, soft ground, or Ta pat fath in bi The aveti-\n\ning.\n\nTHA\n\nIvos sand,\n\nle care being driven into the quil, 5s pic care heirg collapsed when i rewnioz the necteurs depth, and removed, feaving the shell in the ground to form a road to take the concrete.\n\nThe slams for the metal shell are f that before placing the camareis.\n\nhe concrete can do seen, and that the near space to be recupied ly\n\nas the hole is Hired by the motul shell there is no risk of earth o\n\ntect ia a Dinette,\" says Mr. Hat ve of indefinite depth, or ground water becoming mixed with\n\nthickness of there untable soils, the concrete. safely carry the structur covering soi! sufficiently solid tej claimed Jun.\n\nand\n\nHe e insistent on necessity of the architect knowing\n\nOne syle, where the fabe is: his clients understanding their\n\nHe-driven and withdrawn as la con-i needs, and the actual human fac have hoen ased for the disposti of the monid, attaches great value areas which ereta is placed the soil forming tors of thefe problem. The lay-earth, and rebash, come under the to ramming the earth at the foot Tan does not usually balanced picture or the problending or soft ground, which the gile to an enlarged base, over-lie good firm soll before commencing the concreting,\n\n14%\n\na\n\nQuality\n\nTOP NOTCH\"\n\n\"KING GEORGE IV\" Scotch Whisky\n\nSole Agents:\n\nGANDE, PRICE & Co., Ltd.,\n\nHONG KONG\n\nFresh Air on Top\n\nWHEN it is \"set fair\" with\n\nthe thermometer in this eighties\n\nyou CRO awoly command a refre sehga\n\nbreeze from your\n\nand is likely is mopese plans that The sides of water courses are and the camming of the concrete Electric Fan\n\nare inconsistent.\n\nTactful and Firm,\n\nIt is\n\natten of sor 2. var-lying is invera to ratosal, as placed.) The architect must be tactful may a exist, that is, a pool for the plic, and irregular sides which good firm button. The opposite which results in a bulbuions font tel bat in his criticiser. asstatis?, therefore, saleet himmering mud, or louse soft before pay atop a taken in the plays, ar buiting, Indeed, to help\n\nWhere had greend iz met with. the actual selection of the site the normal footings obtained he\n\nis claimed give greater skin letion.\n\nConcrete, it good, as a materiai | tor piles can be spoken of as per\n\nis unually a mistaka to scrno-widening walls un piers. under manent, whether in waler or in the zize in the matter of the custheir base, by bedek esate and ground ur \"hetween wind end of bis services. A selection of pain concrete, may not he efficient water,\" the\n\nIt will keep you fit until holiday-time, and suszała you at concert-pitch afterwards.\n\nOne unit of electricity will drive a small jan for 40 hours.\n\npositiva destrac-THE CHINA LIGHT & POWER Co., (1918) Ltd.\n\nat.\n\nthe rebt man will mean considersstrecoure over aning arca bu retive to other materials. able economy in purcheses snoduce the load to the amount per 01 subject to rot, at construction laier, and a personal quare foot, Part the soli wil carber. And doe's 201 corrode as does\n\nrunk from wond barers, as is m and artistic interest lu results. Recourse has then to be\n\nmade\n\nchanges, us\n\n50\n\noften it has\n\nArchitect expertaily young to other methods, such as spread and steel, s has the nd ones, make the mistake very often footings, piling, rafts, caissons,ntage, that, however pamarent ef giving a rapid estimate of cost, cylinders, sheel pillow, are a com wood piling sy he, i constantly teiling what the exact date o hinatione of these, according to the\n\nsaturated, there is rot the fear of commation will be. An experi-pe of strucuri and the nature decay if the line of sturation anced maz is too well acquainted of the soil. with finetusiona te the markei, The spread footing is the ineen found to do. There is and unfavourable labour candi-iment of the aormal convete rage, 46180 the increasing difficulty, tions, and uncertain whether to to give additional bearing aves.\n\ntowing the depletion spook Sognaticely on any of these The normal courete foundation foreste, to obtain timber of targe M. dering abould be expabic of wider then the frickenk it up rete may be found to be chaper. matera. God architecte, sage to a watt or pier, being bat ute seartling and when large scantlinga are required, the first cost of con- estimating within 10 per cent of ports, is subjected to but little or the cost. t is recommend that ho tention. he let out contracting directly, in stead of placing this function in the alone of another.\n\nThere are many ways of series\n\ning ccenomy, \"Ruild economical\n\n, but never cheaply,\" says M\n\nHeria, Econcutez depend agon\n\nBy eulanging. It is subjected to\n\ntalle stress in the underside,\n\n(1)\n\nRafii\n\no\n\nRaft foundations have become care into use since the introdie-\n\nand to take up this stress,, rotted of reinforced concrete. Pre-\n\nsteel jufte are inserted or the con- areta is relaforced with zods,\n\nFiling.\n\nWith cerisin scils and where the\n\nbe driven to\n\nVICK= to die introduction of reinforced aonercle, refta were co- steneten in plafa concrete, and sol being reinforced, were af thirdness.\n\n37622\n\nWith s raft the preseard on the\n\nthe nature of the plan, bup of atrasture resis apon the grandi,\n\ncortare, exbica o materials, resuficient piles may duction of regelremonts, market sonsolidate the earth sufferently to jail is diatributed over the waxi-\n\ncluziion. favourableness\n\ncarry the tend. Before driving them se possible, reducing the weather, etc. Cut out non-essen pilas the earth seemed a certain pure per square foot to a min tials first, he recomiende, bistoad space. After the piles are driver, roam, and if pemperly of making a\n\ndezigned, compromise\n\nthec in earth. plz piles, the earth in soft places. quality of materiale. He ecumer\n\nWith few ates and explains more extensive bulk of the driven pile,\n\nasing heen consolidated by the exceptions the site under buildings | ly and technically many others.\n\n1234 ke he movered sith au Supervious Bungalows.\n\nPiles for the purpose of conjayer. In most cases concrete is the solidating soda can be of tallar peatario! used, and this\n\nrerete\" made sufficiently thick\n\nface\n\nand restored, may form the raft.\n\nShowroom 62 Nathan Road, Kawi\n\n60 years ago!\n\nKAYIP\n\nThe Firm of MACKAY introduced LIQUEUR WHISKY Its success has led to the oxistence ni mszy fetior Brande offered under ritar title.\n\nMACKAY'S THE ORIGINAL- 1495EUR WHISKY\n\nBabe in face age and chore Bone pretation of Highland Whisky.\n\nTu Tubos na jou tuing Bred five leading divide throughout the int\n\nGaste no more than dory\n\nObtainable from all the leading\n\nstores in the Colony. WHOLESALE AGENTS-BRADLEY & Co., Ltd.\n\nCOLUMBIA\n\nNEW-PROCESS\n\nRECORDS\n\nMUSICAL COMEDIES\n\nSelection\n\n19\n\n465 THE GEISHA\n\n821 IRENE\n\n723 LILAC DOMINO\n\nWith badldings having basements, the basement level mag he balex\n\n666 MAID OF THE MOUNTAINS 932 BRIGHTER LONDAR\n\n12\n\n27\n\n645 CHU-CHIN-CHOW\n\n659 CHU-CHIN-CHOW\n\nTe duretes & chapter cach tepes to the used for beading country house. suburban town piles, but in several ecare pales of Aud semi-domestic. In the counhard materialy having no cobesion try and sobarben heuse it is a have been used, such as sacó, eliz importens to develop the exterior (kers, stores, pl.\n\nwater level, requiring reinforce! Surroundings as the interior de\n\nFrich pile of curò, stone or other ment against the opward ad in. tails. The arcaiteet must be con- Part materials, boles are formed ward presauce of water, the ruft earned with lawns, shrubbery, driving and removing pilas of useiber with the barzeniest walls, kennels.\n\nfilling thereoning a watertight box\n\nmaterials, aged in water bearing toil\n\nThe Puthor is heeed, or metal, and etc. arused at the surr of gull hole with the bead\n\nmen whe extat at having to with bearing les, that is plas A raft foundation may be mora \"pay an architect to design\n\nwhich support a structure, such as jerononteal, even when in itself it chicken coop\" Bungalows are a pier over open water and build costs more, then foundations taken\n\n¡Ay chase\n\nnot ganerally inexpensive, as ings on soft sort or liquid mud, the down to a low level, glling, when supposed. They must always bo freeistance against ponetration of the taking down of the founda! pleaned to ennform to the scythe pie may be obtained by its roations, the ailing roundings. The ideal way\n\nreaching sold ground, ot by dodge to dosing property.\n\n(Minders. Cylinders of iron and steel, and\n\nplanning a town house is to et tion of the soil against te sides,\n\nla group of people to share in les partiz by both it being driven\n\nlot having a common central gerte a suficient depth to stala treiufgrend coutrete, sinh tuto sott\n\nen and Como architectu friction, or support at its foot. style that can be planned har\n\nrol, water, wad and, and les moniously.\n\n279 FLORODORA\n\nVocal tems\n\n309 LES CLOCHES DE CORNEVILLE\n\nAT\n\nANDERSON'S\n\nThe põe supported at its fot, with concrete, have been used. pose of being between groups of for that porting id a pie surround- Je some Chat:x eylinders have pites and giving rigidity.\n\nnd by water or liquid and giving surrounded groups or piles, the\n\nFor work of ar engineering\n\nHe discusses frateruity houses had the comparative lack of le rtle or na aters! support and piles being Srst drivan, the e7lindratare, enfssons of metal or rein. terest in their style. One of the friction, becomes a column and is ers, dropped over greaps of pites. forced concrete have heat, fosted Cardinal fundar.ontal guad subjected to siplar stresses to the ender resting on the bottom, to prition, suk architecture is dit \"the fecade those which columns are subjected and after the exlindars\n\n0:1 prepaved and plac shall express the par- to, and can be calculated as such. position, ing them\n\nare in beds, and filled with stones or son- prae of the building.\" The funda A feree, the concrete filling the spaces imental in move or leva nuylerted personally\" in the architecture of between the piles sed the naise sood supporting soils, in spite of in our semi-derarstic buildings. their homes. Throughout the vo- of the eslinder. By this mean, folical platements to the can-\n\nwith\n\n200-\n\nxk.\n\nCertain ally, ench as sund, are\n\nthe trury, providing they are not do a\n\nMr. Horing shows farther jamo one is coracleas of the au- support is obtained from amusement at the ladies who de there gesuire belief in the files. ne elinder and concrete position in which they can sore,\n\nand pure pemodse styles: atzo, portance and eigalheance of the inside binding thure who insist upon \"expressing Fart.-Christian Science Monitor piles together, serving\n\nthe pa\n\nof and to prevent spreading the elte\n\nthe par- can be enclosed by abeak piling, of\n\ntimber, iron, steel, er reinforced concrete. Sheet pillay, at comple tion, could be described as a box ariere, without top on bottom, enclosing the ground on which. the batting elands.\n\nScrew Piles\n\nThese are main! cylinders with \"screw\" anda, the pile being ra rolved and anteng the soil in a similar way to that of wood screw entering wood.\n\nTheir most frequent use is for light piers where the sea bottom le sand.\n\nHOTELS.\n\nTHE\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST,\n\nWEDNESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1925.\n\nHOTELS.\n\nHONGKONG\n\nHONGKONG HOTEL; REPULSE BAY HOTEL:\n\nPEAK HOTEL.\n\nTulographie Address: KREMLIN, HONGKONG.”\n\nAND\n\nSHANGHAI\n\nASTOR HOUSE HOTEL: PALACH HOTEL;\n\nKALEE HOTEL; MAJESTIC HOTEL. Telegraphic Address: \"CENTRAL, SHANGHAL.\"\n\nHOTELS,\n\nLIMITED.\n\n43 association with the Grand Hotel des Wagons Lits. Peking,\n\nKOWLOON HOTEL.\n\nTHE PREMIER HOTEL IN KOWLOON, First Class Billiard Room and Satoon Bar.\n\nSHIPPING\n\nSTRIKE SITUATION.\n\nDEARTH OF CHINESE KIVER CARGOES.\n\nArrical and Departures.\n\nJUNG VOYAGERS.\n\nCHRISTIAN COLLEGIANS ARRIVE AT CANTON.\n\nUdging the Searchlights.\n\nNEWS\n\nFRENCH FLAGSHIP.\n\n13\n\nP. & O. BRITISH INDIA, APCAR AND RASTERN & AUSTRALIAN LINES.\n\n(COMPANIZA IRMOTROzed in ENGLAND) STATEO, JAVA ↳ OTTAMA, CREION, INDIA, PENSJAN GAFLF, WHAT IEDARA,\n\nKARTICA, ART & HOVE AFRICA, ANSA RAL-ANIA. INCLEDINU AR\n\nZNALAND & 4URENSLAND POSTA. RED HEA. WIEFT, ZUBOPY, KTO\n\nPENINNITLAR & ORIENTAL FORTNIGHTLY DAVET ROYAL MAIL UTKANADA\n\nSPER CONTRACT WI\n\nH. GYERSNXXT}\n\nIONS PROM TONGKONG ABOUT\n\n20th August.\n\nPENDING CHANGE IN NAVAL NARKUNDA...\n\nKIDDERPORE\n\nJEYPORA\n\nCOMMAND.\n\nKHYBER...........\n\nThe French battleship Jules\n\nNAGPORE\n\nof V140 Farry, ying the faz\n\nTILAWA TALAMBA\n\nTANDA...\n\nThe sixaution in the matter of\n\nAs was exclusively uncunced Admiral Prochos, Commander-in- ocean Donte shipping remains un- in the relature of the S. C. f. Post Ja Phart uime ago, a parts of Sqaadran, arrived yesterday over- sries and clearances varies but Americana left Hongkong toring and anchored in Kowloon ARAFURA\n\ntie. Cargoes are small in quan Canion by two fucks which were Bay as there are at present yo tity and few ju number. For the chartered For the purpose of berthe available in the man of yast fon; weeks shipments of more convering coroat and building war anchorage.\n\nthen\n\nThe usual ma\n\n0.334\n\n105\n\nDESTINATION\n\n42wers & wartorg-\n\n16,237 8th Sept., soon.rition & Fanuch.\n\n5,218\n\n17th Sept.\n\n0.114 19th September.\n\n5,83\n\njeet Soudna, Miles, London,\n\nLaterpell\n\n3465 September. patebay.\n\nBRITISH INDIA-LOCAH BAJURGS INDUTA\n\n10,000 24th September. 3'pore, Pung & Calcutta\n\n18,018 9 October.\n\nEASTENNÉ SUSTRALIAN RATING (SOUTH)\n\n16,9505\n\n8,000!\n\n2nd Sept.\n\nMaa, Sandokat Chnes. Is\n\n7th October Tarifle, B'ban, 'eer, &\n\nMethaurns.\n\nSADAMA win aga quli ni Turbo The 1. 9.3. Cu td. seatures will zien dil; of Shangkhu, B\n\nShaazhki, Dzsin. Debit, Kalam. The Timber Darwin, as her wine wich tho towing\n\nFrogweat conrad An the New Zaki, Tante\n\nas rand_nta\n\nSatan and soudit via Panama Canal.\n\nThe Ure 5.9. Company ateaders to the United Kingoeta 1,000 tons have beys rare, material to the Canton Christina {tional salutics were fired, and sise and now, even the local Chinese College under the leadership of the fing saiule in Vice Admiral whe may usually be depended upon 31r. Crumpton, No information Sinclair. which were duly re- to furnish small freights for river joald be obtained at the time turned. Electric Lift and Telephone to each Floor, Tels. K.608 & K.609. Cable address: KOWLOTEL, Hongkongingle package of cargo was ten who was acting as super Vion Admiral\n\nGnder the Persound Baparvicken and Matogoriană di\n\nFRANK L. COOKE.\n\nProprietor.\n\nKING EDWARD HOTEL. Electric lifts and Lighting. Telephone on each Floor, Hotel Launch Meets All Steamers.\n\nTol. Central No. 370.\n\nTelegraphle Address: \"VICTORIA.\" J. WITCHELL, Manager.\n\nST. GEORGE'S HOUSE. KENNEDY ROAD,\n\nPrivate Hotel, affording Every Comfurt.\n\nLARGE AND OF HARBOUR\n\nAIRY ROOMS. SPLENDID EXCELLENT CUISINE UNDER SUPERVISION OF THE PROPRIETKISS.\n\nLOSSIUS, Proprietress.\n\nFor te suply to\n\nThe only hotel in CANTON\n\ndirectly under European\n\nManagement.\n\nNAGPORE... 5,248\n\nSANJIS TO BHANGHAIR LAYER.\n\n26th August.\n\nHI\n\n......$10,000\n\nShanghai, Moji & Kobe.\n\n4th September. Sbbai, Moji kote. 6th September. Kebe.\n\nì deben re afrasimme wid subtrat in alteration without quiler. Wielan\n\nSTRAWERS. Parede og not mon than 21, x 16. × 7 th, will be prerived as ike Lumping's (not up lo egia on the day previous to unitis\n\nFanburding.\n\nB\n\ncestt, even though the pun la voly ether arough the Acerts The arrival of the dulos Perry KARMALA ......\n\nMac, are showing no Comandate of the Harbour Of is a proliminary to the charge OVET TILAWA design m despatch goods. Pas through which latter place in of the Commander-in-Chiership senzar hookings by the river sail- lucka cleared with no mention of at the squadron. Rear Admiral ings yesterday were good, but not 'pautengere other than Mr. Crnan- Basir is to be the successor of Fruchot, and will sen. ap.\n\nMules Michelet at as early data. 24 hours ending #sam yesterday Information has now been re After the command has been showed o vessels in harthour, of seived which confirms the state turned over, the Jules Ferry will which wery British, with 12 meu then made and this is to the leave for France, the new arrival arrivals and 11 doyartures. Bri- affect that the voyagers have becoming the Bugship in Lish shipping contributed six and reached Carton.\n\ntwo respectively, to these guzes. Warpon was reached at 2 a.. Arrival were the British ships on Sunday morning and taking Empress of Casada from Vancon- advantage of the darkness, the ver and Shanghai with 186 tour of junka alipped in ander the nearch- fouz, amigenium salphate aut Hights which awept the Back mails, Yut Shing from Bangkes Rear, without being detected. with 2,260 tons of rice and general There is no shipping activity\n\nThe\n\nstead,\n\nPARENTS PERTAINI\n\nNOTICE TO MARINERS.\n\nSHANGHAI DECLARED\n\nCHOLERA-INFECTED\n\nPORT.\n\nker\n\nand two bags of mails, Nam Sang in Canton, but sumbers of snail The following notice to muzinera: from Yokohama nt Shanghai boats are fraighting vegetables has been posted at the Harbour with 1,205 tena of general, tonius and produce from outlying die Once, seved by the authorities Revolutionary placards at Canton under date. August 13:\n\nHarbour Notification No. 1 of 1923. Notice is hereby given that the Superintendent of Custome and Representatives of Poreign Con- sale Bodiaz bave declared the port of Shanghai to be infected. AR vessels arriving therefrom either at Pantee or Whangea on and after this date are to be guvern\n\njing dangerous goods (firecrackerstricts. Tel. Central 116.\n\n(and matches) and 359 bags. of fare posted about the city treiting all, Jaining from Poochow and the people to take action agata\n\nforeig oppressore. Amoy with 50 tona ganerai and the mails, Hallie from Sulyon with gates to Alamen ure picketed 3.921 tons of ride and gear and the Chinese side to prevent any three bags of mail, Clearailah conuuunication with the defen Srum Sieganore and Hoi Nam with dore. Contradictory rumours are cur general, one bag of mulls and 200 deck paterpgera. the American reut with regard to the shipping\n\nTHE VICTORIA HOTEL,\n\nSHAMEEN,\n\nGuides\n\nand trips arranged for\n\nand special care\n\ntaken of TOURISTS. Cable Address 1 \"VICTORIA.\"\n\nEMPRESS LODGE.\n\nTel Kowloon. 296. fel. Add: \"presloge.\"\n\n8, Mudy Hoad, Kowloon Up-to-date Residential and Tourist Hotel. Two minutes walk from the Ferry Newly furnished, with latest sanitary bath- Under Barpervision of the Pro- Excellant ralaine.\n\nMom?\n\nprintress.\n\nPor termos apply to Mrs. M. O. MURPHY, Propristress\n\nPALACE HOTEL.\n\nTel. Address \"PALACE.” Tel. Kowiuon No. B.\n\nThres mátutes irom Kowlen Wharf, Ferry Wharf and RawaJ Station, Entirely Bater English Management. Eletele Light and Faus throughout. Every Rovin with Private Bath, Lounge, Bar and Hilliard Rooms. turivalled Cuisine onder the personal supervision of the proprietor. Terma moderate, Special terms to families on appli\n\nJ. T. OXBEREY, Proprietor. tion to:\n\nSTATION HOTEL,\n\nTel. Add: \"Termotel” KOWLOON. Code used a.B.C. 5th. First class aud most up-to-date Residential and Tourist Hotel. Two minutes' walk from Ferry. Moderate Larid and recst axel- lent cuisine auder entirely European tuanagement Monthly and Family rates can be arranged at mest reasonable terms.\n\nAPPLY THE MANAUERESS, Kowloon.\n\nTHE CARLTON HOTEL.\n\nUNDER ENTIRELY NEW MANAGEMENT. Splendidly Situated in the Heart of the European Secilon Convenient to the Ferry and to the Baalucss Centres.\n\nA First Class Besidential and Tourist Hotel with all the Convenienes of Homo. Large Airy Rooms. Hot and Cold Water.\n\nCuisine ander the Immediate Direction of the Proprietress Monthly and Family rates at moderate ternis.\n\nFor tartas upply to Mra M. BLAKE.\n\nTelephone No. C. 812,\n\nNu. 30, Lee House Street,\n\nASTOR HOUSE HOTEL.\n\nTelegraphic address \"ASTOR”\n\nTelephone Contra! 10,\n\n13. Queen's Road Central: A first clase Hotel centrally located, large and airy rODINE, completely renovated and refinished. New Ulzing Room\n\nuidine. Meals a la Carte. Excellent\n\nMouthly Tickets for Fists and Duners. Under entirely new Management,\n\nH. A. VAZ, Nanager.\n\nROGATE.\n\nTel Address \"Rogate\" Kowloon,\n\nTel. 851.\n\n158-160 Austin Read, Kuwloun. Newly furnished. Up-to-date Priests Hotel. Excellent Oni sine. Moderate Term.. tinder personal supervision of the Proprietres\n\n\"ALBANY.\"\n\nResidential Hotel, Nos. 3 & 4 The Albany. Overlooking the Botanical Gardens. Under personal supervision of the Proprietress. Telephone Central 615.\n\nMADAM ASA UTANI.\n\nJAVANESE MASSEUSE. FACE MASSAGE. MASSAGE\n\n25, Wellington Street:\n\nMASSAGE HALL.\n\nMRS. 3. UZUNOVE\n\nHapert Massgeule,\n\n37, Queen's Road Central,\n\nA similar notice has been issued\n\ntaamer West Faralun from Los 10 the port, that gaining most Angeles and Manila with 196 tas iredence being to the edest that by the Excilay Regulations feri of general and President McKinicy to impose a tax of 23,000 or be the authoriting stentsin in\n\nthe Cunninginner of Commerce is the port of Canton. from Manila with 12 tone of\n\nvessels discharging, while 41. general and 10 bags of all, the monopoly has her granted to theviation to that port and Chin- German vereis Piala on Hardessane for a large sum, the x-\n\n(wengizo under date August 12.\n\nJourg and Marilu with 365 tona of\n\nyoueral and six bags of mai, the out of which is not naked. Japanese reasol Osake Mary from\n\nNAVY LAUNCH BLAZE. TWO MEN SENT TO HOSPITAL.\n\nMuch of this stegnation is due Two American seemen, the en-!\n\nCalcutta and Singapore with 320 by the Autenor for Sagapore and tons of general, nails chectical President Kinley and Bevenue products, and 13 bags of mail, the for Shanghai. Chineze ucastor Chung Hing from Kwangeheuwan with 180 tone of the increasing difficulty ofgineer and the electrician of abippers in obtaining export per- U. S. 8. Beaver's speed launch, firewood, vegetables and poultry.\n\nmita for lee, the stonks of which whlen was destroyed by fire at! Departures\n\nin the Colony, are now belevet in the Army and Navy Club landing Departure were the Brish be below is reserve margin. at Maul are now in the Set- vessels Isaching for Amoy, Pru- Another contributing factor berg General Hosptial. The men tecilaus for Shanghai, Japanese appears to be the belfer sung the jare badly burved, according to a Towels Koren Mora for Keelung, Chinese generally that something navy officer interviewed at the Tsuruga Alara For Shanghai, drastic is about to happen either place of the fire.\n\nlein Maru for Tallar Bay and on one side or the other. The\n\nflames completely demolished Jajo Man for Swate, the Datel more credulone point to the con- the high power engine and burned auction dredger G.G. Ideoburg Jucant exercising of seaplanes the inside of the launch, causing (Netherlands Harbour Works) fox and the large number of warships Jamage estimated at $5.00). The Macao, Tisondari for Bhunghai, jad present in harbour, as evidence forigin of the fire le vakowa. the Gormer vernal Pfalz for that the British Government is it was extinguished half an hour, Shanghai, the Chinese coaster about to take action. No amount of Jafter it started.\n\nThe been aboard and the crew Kazura fur drony and the tallat explanation will disillusion them, moter vessel Eaquino for Shang- and thts toeling is permeating the of the launch Genecock I put hal. Clearances were taken out lantize native commercial fabric.\n\nTHE\n\ncut the blaze.\n\nHONGKONG & KHAMPOA DOGK CO., LTD.\n\nTELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS MANIFESTO\", HONGKONG; UndesUsed: A1, A.B.C. Film Edition: Engineering: Fire and Second Edition: Western Union and Watking, Banson's Marcom.\n\nDock Owners, Ship Builders, Marine and Land Engineers, Boiler Makers, Iron and Brass Founders, Forge Masters, Electricians.\n\nOIL TANK STEAMER \"PALUDINA.\"\n\n412, 0′ x 58′ 1′′ x 31′ 0′′ x 3,400 tons Lw. x 3,300 H..\n\nBuilt by THE HONGKONG & WHAMPOA DOCK CO, LTD., at KOWLOON DOCK\n\nso the ordero THE ANGLO SAXON PETROLEUM CO., IND.. being one of fusimilar\n\nVessels built in those WORKS to the same order.\n\nPlease address enquiries to the Chief Manager :-\n\nR. M. DYEE. B SC.. M.IN.A.. Kowloog Dock. Hongkong.\n\nFor Tenage Rates, Unzufbooka, Farizate, may apply że\n\nMACKINNON, MACKENZIE & Co., Alamur\n\nTHE BANK LINE, LTD,\n\nAgents for the following Services.\n\nAMERICAN & ORIENTAL LINE BOSTON, NEW YORK & NEW ORLEANS\n\n1st September.\n\nM.V. \"ELMBANK”-\n\nrta Suez Canai\n\nNEW YORK, BOSTON & BALTIMORE AMERICAN & MANCHURIAN LINE TELLERMAN & HUCKNALL BS. Co., Ltd.) 8,8. \"HALVERNIAN\" via Suez Canal 19th September. 3.S. \"WALTON HALL\"'\n\n7th Oe.ober\n\nUNITED KINGDOM & CONTINENT \"ELLERMAN\" LINE (EILERMAN & BUCKNALL S.S. CO. LTD.)\n\nSth September S.S. KNOWSLEY HALL\" For Marseilles, London, Dunkirk and Hamburg. MODERATE PASSAGE BATES TO MARSEILLES & LONDON\n\nMAURITIUS & SOUTH AFRICA ORIENTAL-AFRICAN LINE\n\nMiddle August.\n\nS.S. SURAT\" Leading for Maurities, Delagea Bay, Durham, East London, Alges Bay. Port Elizabeth, Mossel Bay & Capetown.\n\nThrough Bills of Lading lawned to Betra, Quilimaine, Lio, Port Amelia. Sezambique. Chlude, Iabambane, Zanzibar, Houmassa, Kindlat, Vezi Nellat. Luderitz Bay, Walvis Bay & Madagascar.\n\nAUSTRAL-EAST INDIES LINE. (Ellerman and Bucknall S.S. Co., Ltd.) Sallings from Singapore og 6th of every month by \"City of Palerma or \"Maistine\" to Java, Fremantle, Adelaide, Melbourne nad Sydney, and vice versa. Through Freight and Passenger doakings from flong- tong in conjunction with \"Elterman\" Lice or other services.\n\nFor freight or passage on any of the above lines apply to:-\n\nTel. C. 4791 THE BANK LINE, LTD.\n\nBOSTON, NEW YORK & BALTIMORE.\n\nJOINT SERVICE OF THE\n\n\"BLUE FUNNEL\" LINE. KOCHAN BS, CO, LTD & CHINA MUTUA), S.8. Co., LTD.\n\nAND\n\nAMERICAN & MANCHURIAN LINK.\n\nELLERMAN & BUCKNALL 8.S. CO. LT).\n\nBAILINGS FROM BONOKONG\n\nrie Suez Canal\n\n8.. \"Laomedon\"\n\n6.5. \"Peteus\n\n5.8. \"Haivurnjan\"\n\nB.S. Teneer'\n\n1\n\n26th Augast.\n\n7 September.\n\n19th September.\n\n28th September.\n\nSteamers proceed vis Huer Chant or Panama Cagni st owners' option\n\nSubject to Change without notice.\n\nFor freight and particulses apply to:- BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE, or THE BANK LINE. 19. Bangkang,\n\nHongkong & Canton Jardine Matheson & Co. Ltd.\n\nCat1 du\n\nCOMPANIA TRANSATLANTICA DE BARCELONA Spanish Royal Mail Line For MANILA, SINGAPORE COLOMBO, SUÈL. PORT Sam, BARCELONA & other SPANISH PORTS.\n\n3.8.0. LOPEZ I LOPEZ\"\n\n3.5. ISLA DE PANATU\n\n8.8, LESAZгI\"\n\nBAJ\n\n... for Yokosms, Koba, Koji & Shanghai.\n\nS.8. 187. DE PANAY”\n\n33. \"LEGAZPI\n\n... 3rd September. 2046 Votober.\n\n18th December,\n\n.. 8th Octobe\n\n2. Ja, 1986.\n\n30th Nov.\n\nThe manors of this Company are all eisused 200 41 at Lloyd'e and ar modern cottrenience for the enzufort and safety of sha\n\nEtte with wards and Doctor carrisé.\n\nO. D. BA'RRETTO, LA..\n\nFor freight andjur pannage apply to-\n\nCentral Avenue, B. C. CANTON.\n\nBOTELHO KROS.\n\nAvezzanīra Bailding.\n\nHangkang",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 501440,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 467,
        "title": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "451\n\nbyl. En valve Pi Alden do to Jan 1 at 10 arruna Sie atsh out o „ladncuar pesu yhearty mea is 10 37 F: F writsimine eda TŠILTO A * bre atraisī : I de normeînt + .. 3 JER MALIüiron ray s KERRY * * Đ ..., m 1 sont tran BAİT: Luz 1 benular Cietypes, Fishnu sa f 5 V 312 Al Jug Eyewie #new M ANDE .: r「ཐྭཀྭ༠, Triqua 10 antinom mi* 10 BÊN NG Iivo në tokavami v IRISHE Sa test de noon#101 9V no erend swol mant xood I ime rita, ,qion of antilie teu Leiḥros vтev nuė „ro hrot of vnit + Flee bu mit mir eile hamie inre klerenei Immoð en FASLIACOTTATela zzed børt pored and \"enim mi wnaɔ bivo ila pyta bru valdeko rin JJC ETTAD oð fúr aus donne son bit veal + Cesaretta moitəhimital bre saltex · IOLC# \"WMJJTON DGU PO KAPULU 20 TRINGI PAR DOLA SEP SIT * bangode ad hivern nolðnavag siúlate\" tani v midieronmi or favore her uk 19,5 đen Ela QHOTAŤ BOLJIMARTins of bestni ton bib yerli gout! CINE Atajima i med b.zew bit ¿mat belingy Huk .TÜ\n\nhead of the Mechanical Guild, and leave C.C.lu out of the chain. He also stated that we need not be concerned about the question of payment to the employees during the strike, as any deficit would be made up by some merchant guarantors.\n\nEugene Chen and Mr. Cohen, Sun's bodyguard, were present and both then and at other times proved very friendly and gave valuable assistance.\n\nThat evening the first and only civil letter received from C.G. arrived stating that orders had been given to bring the strike to an end.\n\nOn Tuesday afternoon, August 19th, the Shameen employees returned to work and the following morning the wharf labourers turned up to work. Sun sent a picked detachment of his own bodyguard troops down to the bund to see that no hitch occurred. These troops were a very smart and well-equipped lot.\n\nWithin five minutes of the first employees' return, silk began to pour into Shameen; by that night $2,500,000 worth had come in and by the end of the next two days it is estimated that $8,000,000 worth had been brought in.\n\nThere is still no possibility of trouble arising again. Most firms and employers paid half wages for the period of the strike. A few have refused to pay their boys anything.\n\nAccording to the Agreement, these cases should be dealt with by the other side but it is probable that the agitators are getting most of the funds and misrepresenting the facts to their dues.\n\nIn any case, efforts are being made to make more trouble and the usual lies are appearing in the vernacular press.\n\n\"Cicala\" sailed for Hongkong on the 21st and took back the Marine detachments, with the exception of 2 Corporals and 2 Marines who were detained for a few days to help in training the new Police.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925.txt",
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        "id": 501633,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 660,
        "title": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "\"This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\"\n\nCHINA\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[March 31, 1925.]\n\nSECTION 2.\n\n651\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir R. Maclean to Mr. Austen Chamberlain.-(Received March 31.)\n\n[F1150/2/10]\n\n(No. 64.) Sir,\n\nPeking, January 31, 1925.\n\nIN continuation of my despatch No. 831 of the 31st December, I have the honour to report as follows on the developments in the political situation in this country during the past month :-\n\n2. The end of the year had found the position of the Provisional Government under Tuan Ch'i-jui outwardly not unfavourable, especially on the Yang-tsze, where the last powerful supporter of the Chihli party, the Nanking Tuchun Ch'i Hsieh-yuan, had apparently accepted his dismissal from office without fighting and withdrawn peacefully to retirement in the foreign settlement at Shanghai to make way for his old enemy Lu Yung-hsiang, the Anfu leader, who had been appointed \"Pacification Commissioner of Anhui and Kiangsu.\" To consolidate the position, Mukden troops of Chang Tso-lin's Manchurian armies were being drafted through Shantung into Kiangsu in support of Lu Yung-hsiang; and at Shanghai Chang Yun-ming, a general of very indifferent reputation, who had originally come from Hupei with a brigade to join in the attack on Chekiang in the interests of Wu Pei-fu and the Chihli party, but who had subsequently joined the winning side, exercised de facto control on behalf of the Peking Government. Apart from Ch'i Hsieh-yuan himself, who appeared eliminated, the only doubtful element in the situation on the Lower Yang-tsze seemed to be Sun Ch'uan-fang, who had become Governor of Chekiang in the Chihli party interests after the expulsion of Lu Yung-hsiang, and who in this capacity exercised a large measure of influence in the Shanghai region. That all was not well in this quarter was indicated at the beginning of the year, when some obscure fighting took place near Shanghai between the troops of one Chen Lo-shan, one of Lu Yung-hsiang's former lieutenants, and those under Sun Ch'uan-fang's command.\n\n3. Early in January, Mukden troops began to reach Nanking, where Lu Yung-hsiang himself arrived about the 10th. Almost simultaneously, there occurred another of the sudden and totally unexpected changes in the situation to which the public in this country have become so accustomed during the past six months. On the evening of Saturday, the 10th January, General Kung Pang-to, one of Ch'i Hsieh-yuan's principal lieutenants who still commanded some of the latter's former forces stationed in Chapei adjoining the international settlement, moved his troops out to attack those of Chang Yun-ming in the neighbourhood of the arsenal. That night or on the following day, Ch'i Hsieh-yuan himself left his house in the international settlement to resume the command of his former forces in order to join with Sun Ch'uan-fang in the attack on Chang Yun-ming, the local representative of the Peking Government. The latter's troops were overwhelmed in a few hours' fighting, the bulk seeking refuge and becoming interned in the French concession, when they were subsequently shipped off without trouble to Tsingtao under the auspices of the Chinese Chamber of Commerce. The middle of January thus found Ch'i again in control of Shanghai and preparing to advance against Lu Yung-hsiang at Nanking, an exact reversal of the situation existing when the civil war had opened five months before with an outbreak of hostilities between Ch'i controlling Nanking and Lu controlling Chekiang and Shanghai.\n\n4. In the meantime, Mukden reinforcements were being rushed down the Tien-tsin-Pukow line to Lu's assistance, until a Manchurian army some 40,000 strong, including a regiment of Russians, was massed at Nanking and advancing along the railway towards Shanghai. The first clash took place near Chinkiang, which was successfully occupied by the Mukden troops with little serious resistance. This success foreshadowed the course of the campaign, which resulted in the gradual collapse and disintegration of Ch'i's forces in the face of the almost uninterrupted advance of Lu's Manchurian troops and their Russian auxiliaries under the command of Generals Wu Kuang-hsin (Minister of War) and Chang Tsung-ch'ang (general officer commanding one of the Fengtien armies), two of Chang Tso-lin's\n\nPage 660\n\nPage 661",
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        "id": 501634,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 661,
        "title": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "principal lieutenants. The campaign was (so far as can be seen at the time of writing) finally brought to a close by Ch'i's flight to Japan towards the end of January, leaving the Mukden generals in military control of the situation from Nanking to Shanghai. The part played by Sun Ch'uan-fang in the affair and his present position and future prospects remain obscure. The Provisional Government at Peking professed to consider that he was not party to Ch'i's coup against Lu Yung-hsiang, and, while a mandate was issued ordering the arrest and punishment of Ch'i, no such steps were taken against Sun, who was on the contrary confirmed in his governorship of Chekiang. It seems probable that Sun moved in the first instance rather against his local rival Chang Yun-ming, than against the Peking Government, and that he was subsequently to some extent awaiting developments in Ch'i's campaign against Lu before definitely siding with the former against Peking.\n\n5. The first month of the new year has therefore been marked outwardly, at any rate, by further successes for the Provisional Government, whose influence, or rather that of its Mukden and Anfu elements, has been extended to Nanking and Shanghai. In Peking itself the situation continues unchanged, and the capital remains under the military control of the other element responsible for the establishment of the Provisional Government, namely, Kuo Min Tang influences, as represented by the forces of General Feng Yu-hsiang, who also occupy the Peking-Kalgan-Suiyuan Railway in accordance with a mandate issued on the 4th January abolishing General Feng's post of inspector-general of the army and appointing him director-general of North-Western Frontier Defence. General Feng himself is at present at Kalgan or somewhere in the neighbourhood, arranging the disposition of his forces in that locality. The troops of General Feng's two Kuo Min Tang allies, Generals Sun Yueh and Hu Ching-yi, occupy the Chihli and Honan sections of the Peking-Hankow Railway respectively, the latter in virtue of his appointment as Tupan of Honan, and the former for no other apparent reason than that his forces are stationed in that region. On the other hand, Marshal Chang Tso-lin's Manchurian armies now exercise undisputed control along the northern railways from Mukden to Tien-tsin and thence to Nanking and Shanghai. As for the Anfu party themselves, they occupy no railways and control no armies, but by the astute diplomacy of their leader, the Provisional Chief Executive, they exercise for the moment the principal influence in the Government of the country. Of the former provincial supporters of Wu Pei-fu and the Chihli party, Hsiao Yao-nan, Governor of Hupei, Cheng Shih-ch'i, Governor of Shantung, Sun Chuan-fang, Governor of Chekiang, and Chen Yin-jen, Governor of Fukien, all remain for the time being in power, and have been confirmed in their offices under the new title of Tupan (Director-General) of Military Affairs, doubtless with the object of securing their loyalty to the new régime. The same steps have been taken vis-à-vis the tulis and tuchuns of the more remote provinces which remained more or less neutral during the recent war, such as Shansi, Shensi, Kansu and Hsinkiang, the Governors of which have been reappointed as tupans.\n\n6. The railways remain greatly disorganised owing to the continuance of military occupation and control, especially the Peking-Hankow line, on which Hu Ching-yi has massed his troops to overawe Hupei, to the very grave prejudice of commercial interests, including particularly the big mining concerns, such as the Peking Syndicate, who, in spite of the constant efforts made by this Legation to assist them, are threatened with the necessity of closing down their Honan mines owing to the lack of rolling-stock to move the coal they produce.\n\n7. Dr. Sun Yat-sen's arrival in Peking has been reported on in separate despatches. As reported in my telegram No. 23 of the 27th January, he is now grievously ill from a malignant growth on the liver and not expected to survive. Dr. Sun's illness, combined with the success of the Manchurian armies on the Yang-tsze, seem to have deferred for the time being the danger of the overthrow of the Provisional Government by a Kuo Min Tang coup and an open breach between the latter and Chang Tso-lin.\n\n8. The Provisional Government, under Tuan Ch'i-jui, opened the new year by issuing on the 1st January a mandate proclaiming a general amnesty, on the lines of that announced by Yuan Shih-k'ai at the time of the revolution of 1911, for all prisoners, whether sentenced or under detention, with the exception of the case of Ts'ao K'un, whose trial had been ordered, and of those cases concerning the bribery of members of Parliament, which were being enquired into and would eventually be dealt with by the People's Conference, and of cases of brigandage, murder, rape, arson and breaking of dykes. At the same time, another mandate was issued abolishing the \"Court of Marshals\" (Chiang Chun Fu), and announcing that other means of recognising distinguished services would in due course be evolved.\n\n9. The Reorganisation Conference (see paragraph 10 of my despatch above referred to) is due to open to-morrow, the 1st February. The Kuo Min Tang have announced their intention to abstain from all participation therein, and the prospects of its leading to the formation of a truly representative national Government are therefore not bright.\n\n10. The recurrence of fighting round Shanghai brought again to the fore several issues of great local importance to the foreign community of the commercial metropolis of the Far East, such as the defence of the settlements, the exclusion therefrom of Chinese military and political leaders and the removal of the arsenal.\n\n11. The first of these questions, the defence of the settlements, arose through the fact that the opening hostilities between Ch'i Hsieh-yuan's troops and those of Chang Yun-ming had taken place in close proximity to the boundaries of the French Concession, into which many thousands of defeated soldiery were permitted to retire for internment, there being at one time over 10,000 disarmed Chinese soldiers interned in the French concession and international settlement. Subsequent hostilities on a larger scale were in progress between Ch'i Hsieh-yuan and Lu Yung-hsiang along the Shanghai-Nanking Railway, considerable anxiety was naturally felt at the possibility of Ch'i's troops being driven back in disorder on to the boundaries of the settlements, the more so as a precedent had now been created for defeated soldiery taking refuge in bulk within the boundaries of the foreign-controlled areas. Feeling on the subject at one time became so high that the principal consuls, who had at first considered that the volunteer and naval forces available were fully capable of dealing with the situation, decided that the time had come to recommend to their Ministers the desirability of despatching foreign troops to Shanghai to occupy certain strategic points outside the settlement boundaries with the object of enforcing a warning which they were addressing to the belligerent leaders to keep all Chinese troops away from, and out of rifle shot of, the boundaries of the international settlement and French concession. I decided, and my American colleague held the same view, that the occupation with foreign troops of points outside the settlement boundaries to the extent suggested amounted in effect to forcible intervention, and was therefore a step which His Majesty's Government, and still more the American Government, would feel unable to entertain unless convinced from a naval and military point of view that such intervention was an imperative necessity for the protection of foreign life and property at the treaty port, and I therefore approached the problem as one of the defence of the actual boundaries of the foreign settlements and the preservation of their neutrality, for which purpose we should, it seemed to me, rely as far as possible on the naval forces available from the foreign men-of-war in the harbour, assisted by the foreign volunteer corps. Subsequently, however, the necessity of further considering recommending to His Majesty's Government the despatch of British troops from Hong Kong for this purpose was deferred by Ch'i's flight to Japan, followed by the peaceful occupation of the neighbourhood of Shanghai by the Manchurian forces. I understand that the General Officer Commanding at Hong Kong was prepared to place 400 men at our disposal for the reinforcement of the foreign forces at Shanghai. But I was reluctant to move in the matter because I was unconvinced of the necessity and because I felt that it was improbable that the other Powers could be induced to take similar action, my American colleague having been given to understand by his naval and military advisers that there was no real need of reinforcements, and my Japanese and other colleagues showing no great interest in the matter and apparently considering that the naval and police and volunteer forces available were sufficient, as on former occasions, to protect the settlements. The Commander-in-chief had, of course, already furnished all the naval forces he could spare, and two British cruisers had proceeded to Shanghai at the commencement of the trouble, as well as the usual complement of men-of-war of other countries, thus furnishing a total naval force of 1,200 strong to assist an equal number of well-organised volunteers and police. I should add that the Diplomatic Body had supported the consuls' warning against the presence of Chinese troops in the neighbourhood of the settlements by addressing similar representations to the Wai-chiao Pu, while the Chinese Government had themselves already taken nominal action in the matter in the manner described in paragraph 13 below.\n\n12. The question of the exclusion of Chinese military and political leaders from the international settlement and French concession naturally arose through the fact a few months before, organised his that Ch'i Hsieh-yuan had, like \"Little Hsü...",
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        "page_number": 665,
        "title": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "656\n\nA\n\nbarking; it is reported that they were received by the Tupan who took them to see Lu, but the latter refused to discuss any terms and merely stated that he intended sending his troops to Kiangsu.\n\nIn the 15th (Ong Chion-fei's troops moved out about ten miles to Kotze, the first station on the railway towards Nanking; they were joined by reinforcements from Changchow and, it is said, Changhai. If reports were correct there must have been between 8,000 and 9,000 troops at Kotze, but in view of the feeble resistance made it is likely that the numbers were exaggerated. I was, in actual fact, informed by a military officer on the railway that the troops at Kotze were barely sufficient to hold up the advance from Nanking and that a telegram had been sent down the line to the effect that further reinforcements were not needed.\n\nMuch apprehension was caused by the report that three Chinese merchant steamers had been commandeered at Nanking and were being loaded with troops with a view to attacking Chinkiang by river, and other reports seemed to indicate that a column of Lu's troops was moving across country direct to Tanyang with the object of cutting the railway between here and Changhai.\n\nIn the morning of the 17th it was reported that Zengtien troops had landed above Golden Island, about two miles from the concession, and were moving on the railway station. By 8 a.m. the sound of rifle firing was very distinct and this continued more or less throughout the forenoon with occasional field-gun fire. From the top of the Compulsory Hill the defending force could be clearly seen in action, though they did not seem to have much idea of what they were firing at. A field-gun was in action.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925.txt",
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    {
        "id": 501646,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 673,
        "title": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "663\n\nto have been well founded. Sun Chuan Fang decided that the time had come for bold and vigorous action and in consultation with Chi Hsieh Yuan he agreed on a plan for expelling Chang Yun Ming from Lunghua and then marching on Nanking to oppose the further advance of the Fengtien Army. Chi Hsieh Yuan had been living, since December 26th, in a house in the International Settlement and had announced his final retirement from Chinese politics. Early in January it was well known that conferences were being held daily at his home and the Anfu supporters of Lu Yung Hsiang, who are very numerous and influential in Shanghai, raised an outcry that he should be expelled.\n\nIt was, however, impossible to obtain definite evidence that any conspiracy was being hatched and also impossible to single out Chi Hsieh Yuan for expulsion when notorious villains such as Chen Yao San were allowed full liberty of action. Chi and Sun laid their plans with such secrecy that their coup came as a complete surprise to everyone.\n\nAt 10 p.m. on the night of Saturday, January 10th, Chi Hsieh Yuan drove out of the Settlement into Chapei and was enthusiastically welcomed by the officers and men of the VIth and XIXth Divisions. Kung Pang To, Chi's nominee for the post of Defence Commissioner, while not disloyal to Chi, did not desire to embark on any military adventure. He therefore quietly laid down his command and retired into the Settlement. That same night the troops in Chapei marched along the loop line leading from the North Railway Station to Lunghua and at 4 a.m. on January 12th fighting broke out between Chi's army and Chang Yun Ming's.\n\nAt the same time Sun Chuan Fang marched a large force from",
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    {
        "id": 501648,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 675,
        "title": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "605\n\nequipped brigade some 4000 in number marched to the International Settlement and down the Jessfield Road until they were stopped by the Scottish Company of the Shanghai Volunteer Corps hastily called out for the purpose, surrendered, submitted cheerfully to being disarmed, and\n\nThey were duly interned. This brought the number of interned soldiers in both Settlements up to over 10,000, but this anxious problem was dealt with most promptly and efficiently.\n\nNegotiations were opened by the Settlement authorities with the Chinese Chamber of Commerce who agreed to provide funds for the repatriation of the men to Tsingtao in Shantung where most of them have their homes. The first batch of 4,300 was sent off in the British India Steamship \"Talma\" on the 18th January and the last batch was shipped away on the 23rd.\n\nAs soon as the local situation had cleared and order had been restored, Chi Hsieh Yuan made arrangements to send his whole available force to Tanyang some twenty miles South of Chinkiang and the first troop trains left on the 16th January, while at the same time he moved troops from Changchow to Chinkiang. Very large numbers of Fengtien troops had in the meantime been arriving at Nanking.\n\nThe presence of a force of 1500 Russians with the Fengtien army seems to have inspired great terror in Chi's ranks but it has also had the effect of turning public opinion in Shanghai violently against Lu Yung Hsiang. On the 18th January Lu's men, including the Russians, captured Chinkiang with great ease and Chi's army seems to have hastened back from Tanyang in a disordered and demoralised state to Wusih where for a week past a state of complete chaos has prevailed.\n\nOwing to collisions between troop trains, the line is blocked on both sides of...",
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    {
        "id": 509147,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-502-6 China- general situation 7-1-1927 - 3-3-1927",
        "page_number": 72,
        "title": "CO129-502-6 China- general situation 7-1-1927 - 3-3-1927",
        "content_text": "## 84\n\n3 \n\nand the Canton Governments, but this was rejected on examination as being tantamount to recognition of both Governments and ultimately it was decided that I should hand copies to no one. Dr. Koo, who had of course seen the questions asked in Parliament on the subject, himself raised the question of my credentials at my first interview with him and I explained to him my instructions. At one time I thought that he intended to make difficulties over the question, but when returning my call he made no further allusion to it and he has probably decided to leave the matter in abeyance, at any rate for the present. It is probable, however, that as soon as he has formed his new Cabinet, which I understand he has been asked by Chang Tso-lin to do, he will raise the question of credentials again.\n\n5. Interest in the north has centred on the plans and intentions of Chang Tso-lin, who arrived in Tien-tsin from Mukden in the first half of November. It was generally expected that Marshal Chang, having waited for the collapse of Wu Pei-fu's Administration, would proceed forthwith to Peking, to reorganise the Government with his nominees, and even place himself at its head as Provisional President or Chief Executive. Indecision and delay, due perhaps to divided counsels amongst his advisers and supporters, have, however, so far characterised Marshal Chang's actions since he left Mukden, and it was not until a month and a half later that he arrived in Peking towards the end of December; and it still remains to be seen whether he really has any constructive plans for the re-establishment of a Government.\n\n6. In the meantime events were moving rapidly on the Yang-tsze, where, as reported in paragraph 4 of Sir Ronald Macleay's despatch above referred to, hostilities had opened at the end of September between Sun Chuan-fang and the Cantonese. Sun poured troops from Kiangsu, Chekiang and Anhui into Kiangsi under the supreme command of his most trusted general, Lu Hsiang-t'ing, and despatched other forces up the river towards Hankow, himself proceeding to Kiukiang to superintend the operations of his armies. At first the better-equipped army of Sun dealt three successive blows to Chiang Kai-shek's army, costing the latter some 20,000 casualties and driving them back from Nanchang towards their communications in Hunan. If these victories had been followed up a general collapse of the Kuo Min-tang armies would probably have resulted from the threat to their base at Changsha; but, as usual in China, a policy of inaction allowed the initiative to pass from the hands of Sun into those of Chiang, who, by propaganda and by infiltration of small parties into the battle zone, was soon in a position to turn the tables on his adversary. Before the middle of November Sun discovered the Nanchang Kiukiang Railway to be cut and the Kuo Min-tang forces at the gates of Kiukiang. In a panic, he himself headed the flight, leaving his forces to find their way back to Kiangsu and Chekiang, thus totally evacuating the Province of Kiangsi, which passed under the control of the Cantonese.\n\n7. Sun Ch'uan-fang, who had been originally a subordinate officer in Wu Pei-fu's armies, had hitherto consistently professed at least a nominal adherence to Marshal Wu, and had sent a representative to join the Cabinet set up by Wu in Peking in the summer. Moreover, a year before, in the late autumn of 1925, Sun had declared war on the Fengtien leaders, then in occupation of Nanking and the Shanghai region, and had expelled them from Kiangsu by force, a state of armed peace having since prevailed between him and his Northern neighbour, Chang Tsung-ch'ang, the Fengtien Governor of Shantung. It was, therefore, a matter of some surprise and speculation when Sun in the latter half of November paid a sudden and unexpected visit to Chang Tso-lin at Tien-tsin, accompanied only by a few bodyguards. What exactly passed during his stay in Tien-tsin is not known, but his visit was generally interpreted by Chinese opinion as involving his abdication from his independent position in Central China, and his acceptance of the overlordship of the Manchurian Generalissimo. As the result of the conferences of Northern leaders, mostly of the Fengtien party, which now took place at Tientsin, it was shortly afterwards announced that a definite agreement had now been reached for a combined offensive against the armies of the Kuo Min-tang, while it was later reported that the details of the arrangements come to provided that Sun Ch'uan-fang should surrender to Chang Tsung-chang the whole of Northern Kiangsu, and confine himself to the control and defence of Chekiang and the Shanghai area. Sun thereupon returned to Nanking, and Chang Tsung-chang's troops immediately began to move south along the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway. Their further advance into Kiangsu was soon after halted for a time, outwardly on account, it was said, of objections raised by Wu Pei-fu; but also, it seems, on account of opposition manifested by local public bodies in Kiangsu, who were rumoured to have given it to be understood that they would sooner see their province overrun by the Nationalist armies than given over to the depredations of Chang Tsung-chang's notorious soldiery from Shantung. Eventually, however, Chang Tsung-chang himself, accompanied by strong bodyguards, arrived in Nanking in the third week in December, while his troops moved down into North Kiangsu to replace the forces of Sun Ch'uan-fang.\n\n8. The next move by the Northern leaders was the announcement early in December of the creation of the An-Kuo-Chün (army for the pacification of the country irreverently known by some of my more flippant colleagues as the Salvation Army) under Chang Tso-lin as generalissimo and Chang Tsung-chang, Sun Chuan-fang, Yen Hsi-shan (the Governor of Shansi) and other Northern leaders as vice-commanders, accompanied by the usual advertisement in the press of their military plans for the annihilation of the Reds. It was significant, however, that there was no mention in these arrangements of the name of Wu Pei-fu, who, while he now professes to regard Chang Tso-lin as an ally, could not be expected to subordinate himself to the latter's leadership.\n\n9. Marshal Wu has indeed proved a considerable thorn in the side of the An-Kuo-Chun, in view of his occupation of Northern Honan and his stubborn refusal so far to yield place to Chang Tso-lin's forces, which have advanced down the Peking-Hankow Railway to the borders of Honan, or accept their co-operation on the terms they desire. A glance at the map will show the strategic importance to the Fengtien high command of Chengchow (Wu's headquarters), situated at the junction of the East to West Lunghai Railway with the Peking-Hankow line, and the vital necessity to them of occupying it before engaging their forces seriously on the middle Yang-tsze. The difficulty of the situation from the Fengtien point of view is increased by the fact that Wu's forces, though still nominally 80,000 to 100,000 strong, are of small military value and are notoriously unreliable, while his subordinate generals, and notably Chin Yün-ao, are known to have small sympathy with their former enemies in the Fengtien armies and to have made overtures to the South. Wu Pei-fu's apparently intransigent and obstructive attitude towards his Fengtien allies, while typical of his character and past record, may in this case have been at least partly due to these considerations. It is now, at the end of the year, reported that the situation has been cleared up by the dismissal of Chin Yün-ao from his command, but it remains to be seen whether this has been really effected. It is expected that eventually the main attack of Chang Tso-lin's forces will be directed on Hupei down the Kin-Han line; but whether Wu Pei-fu will be relegated to West Honan to deal with the Kuo Min-chun, or whether his armies will take part in the main attack, remains to be settled between the leaders.\n\n10. Developments in the South during the three months under review will be reported on more fully by His Majesty's consuls in Central and Southern China, but the most notable event has been the transfer of the seat of the Kuo Min-tang Government from Canton to Wuchang, which took place in December. At the same time, the Kuo Min-tang, after their successful occupation of Kiangsi, have extended their control over the greater part of Fukien, where the Northern forces occupying that province in the interests of Marshal Sun Chuan-fang dissolved before the Southern advance with little or no fighting. Chekiang, now surrounded on two sides by Kuo Min-tang influence, has also been penetrated to some extent and appears likely to fall also in the near future into their hands.\n\n11. The general political and military position at the close of the year may be summed up as follows. Chang Tso-lin is in Peking and is credited with the intention of re-establishing a Central Government in the Northern capital, which remains, however, for the time being to all intents and purposes without any Government at all. Chang himself controls Manchuria and the metropolitan Province of Chihli and the adjacent territories of Inner Mongolia, and indirectly, through his former subordinate, Chang Tsung-ch'ang, the Province of Shantung. His allies, Sun Chuan-fang and Yen Hsi-shan, the former still controlling the Lower Yang-tsze region and the latter the Province of Shansi, have nominally accepted his leadership, but both are understood to be quite prepared to come to terms with the Kuo Min-tang if they can do so. Wu Pei-fu, who retains control of Northern Honan, also professes to be in alliance with Marshal Chang, but insists on retaining complete liberty of action, and impedes rather than assists the latter's plans. In opposition to this loosely welded block of individual Northern leaders, bound together by momentary ties of self-interest, stands the Kuo Min-tang Government, now established at Wuchang, and professing to control the Provinces of Kuangtung, Kuangsi, Hunan, Kiangsi, Fukien, Hupei, parts of Chekiang, and, ... \n\n## 8:",
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        "document_key": "CO129-518-1 Chinese Telegraph Office in Hong Kong 28-6-1929 - 3-1-1930",
        "page_number": 83,
        "title": "CO129-518-1 Chinese Telegraph Office in Hong Kong 28-6-1929 - 3-1-1930",
        "content_text": "# CONFIDENTIAL\n\n28th June, 1929.\n\n83\n\nSir,\n\nI have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your telegram No. 15, dated the 19th June, in which you say that the Chinese Government's former telegraph agent in Hong Kong, Chiang Hsiao-lu, who is a Kwangsi man, refuses to hand over to Hu Lien, the new appointee, and that the Chinese Minister for Foreign Affairs asks whether I can assist in this matter, and at least see that, if Mr. Chiang does not hand over, he does not exercise his functions.\n\n2. The facts of the case are by no means in accordance with the representations apparently made to you by the Chinese Minister for Foreign Affairs.\n\nYou will know from Mr. H. J. Southey's secret despatch to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, dated the 20th July, 1928, a copy of which was forwarded to you at the time, that, under instructions from the Canton Government, Mr. Kong Siu-lo (江筱吕 Chiang Hsiao-lu) took up the post of Superintendent of the Chinese Telegraph Office in Hong Kong on the 29th June, 1928; and, on reference to\n\nPage 83  \nHis Britannic Majesty's Minister,  \nPEKING.  \n52740/28",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-518-1 Chinese Telegraph Office in Hong Kong 28-6-1929 - 3-1-1930.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 531652,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933",
        "page_number": 144,
        "title": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933",
        "content_text": "SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1931.\n\nBOOKSHELF.\n\nINDO-CHINA PARADISE. SHAKESPEARE'S PLAYS.\n\nHealth Resort in Hills of Annam.\n\nAN ATTRACTIVE BOOK.\n\nOne of the Loves garden spots, commonly known as the Parade of Indo-China, where H. Paul Doumer, then Governor, decided in 1895 to establish a health resort. Some years later, Governor Doumer completed the preliminary work and established a zamindari, which has a cinema attached.\n\nA great deal has been added to the station, and these are, including uno de... of mulled...y, a psychological problem, not a menace of lunar... Bong... a number of separate villas were erected. As a health resort, it has proved a great success.\n\nProf. Simpson's Radio Lectures.\n\nThe literature concerning Shakespeare is vast. Pekin... und... work, what a vast amount will ever realize Peking and not wet... weeting he might have spared Passing so it is saw officially call the world.\n\nThe third edition retains the original title of the book, mounting. The aspect that a opera may apology for hancared to excite either wonder... Milton to make change Murray.\n\nAlready the literature concerning Shakespeare is vast. The author has no more interest in the manuscripts, all of which are at Pekme th...\n\nMr. J. L. Feed Mokitur. Lauru, saya, \"of three.\n\nProf. Simpson, MA. Kiny Further ripete, by Rokeri rejubel Ali KULCE-BES.\n\nHot Welsh, Ltd., Heughang US1. Kelly and Wani, on some year later that Gover-BES.\n\nDog Samt completed the pre-Aukerman, Prof. Som\n\nThi\" :4 giá vi testada, minary work and stablished a zaminda ua, wha a playwright. The of thrth, along with 1And\n\near perice. Afler 1935 under Parsimmople for Tudat tocamp a bukatutave—a coma un langs tikkay noY meckáty becaus and posing olur!terpart of Soul, wwwf the'rwn Th\n\nSizes 1972 a great deal has been phor. no an historias, a peri, writing about him as a philowa it ja Ke Bhat are bowl mi\n\nadded to the station, and these are, a typien) Elizabethin, na E MUE Sarah tela, including uno de¦ of mulledży, sa paychological prob-char, which has a cinema attached.\n\nAs a health re- so on. Yet Sazkompenza wa k -the art it has proved a great succo, diminatit: so much was he a dra specially for the The ad mate that he never thought r Cart Mad_129 wastaged to be ruined from a way, han playa sa anything but playa\n\nking\n\npopularity may\n\nthe Ex-* of them\n\nenlarged\n\nif\n\nthere are told in a wall illnad Daca the secera and mastered the run into kuite 3 by the Imprimerie!words, ka had no more Interest in bedre. Hanel.—W, 2. the manuscripts, all of which are\n\nRapin da ima 5-10, Mr. J. L Feed Mokitur. Lauru, | saya, \"of\n\nthree ril well\n\nof Pekme th\n\n. ר\n\n3\n\nAlready the literature\n\ncern\n\nSayMerry\n\na da 1984. Hud be passed to have di corrected verdien, Together *** Tanese crount of himself, ka ir weld those who respect blatory. Pekny und bin work, what a vast amount Will ever rezala Poking and not wet weeting he might have spared Pasping so it is saw officially call the world.\n\nBunce it in that the author the tand edition retains the Log Shakeupare in unarmane, yel Urinal title of the book, motiounting.\n\nThe spect that a ofera may apology for hangcared to excite either wonder Thilton to make change Murray.\n\nWhat do ou\n\nHing kimmelf seven shment, howevez, ja the fact, attoned the wing of thithak in all possibla la bay some- ** name of 13.1.5 mg, thing Jew about Shaksporto\n\ned material infr !m the\n\nProf Ківельном так виго any per both a malap -\"he kite\n\nI of Fectures he de- Ameth Ms of the world, Invered on the wireless undye the \"actors who there in only one Paking Wanape of the Houng Broly the fontact cities with\n\nComm 14. Thos\n\n-- 20\n\n-* - 5 they under\n\nميا\n\nlec\n\nCheations for the Ret.L \"Nevertheless,\" he adde\n\nall, however. Chery ars tarea have now been published by ally several Zeng, and itara Kelly & Walsh Ltd. hav\n\n·Fold interest of the place der hetle Farber Shake-the eye and thway i\n\nFiend and bear\"\n\nit\n\nThe Spick of chứn\n\ncite. Them me with the komore ye\n\ngraceful\n\nThe\n\n*A which | IT\n\nhurterada\":\n\nJust to\n\nram by dim.\n\nForm 20 de 1\n\nThere when tele\n\nCAR on them re\n\nSome parts you i\n\nmore fully at home\n\ntheatre, the tex\n\ntermen la kin proface of ureal Indly work an\n\nde that Shakespora 1. read over The average modern \"epigrammatic Darin ach writer, he coatings in me d Much trying t\n\nTo Your Friends at Home Christmas with a suitable Gift from \"Hongkong TEA\n\nPrice per 3 catty box $18.50 net (Approx 7 lb.)\n\nFinest Fo.com > Per 5 catty box $17.00 net\n\n„Mauge Pakos Peyta 5 lbs. $17.60 net. THE PRI ES QUOTED INCLUDE ALE CHARGES to any add was in the Corvel Kisgdom, GINGER IN SYRUP In syrup barnat Memo SPECIALLY SELECTED FOR US. Portest of tina 5 lb jars. $18.00 net. Per case of Twelve 24 1. pats, $21.00 bet\n\nTUE PRICES QUOTED IM.LUDE FREIGHT PAID to London Docka mole DRIED GINGER IN TINS Te pareof x 1 lb, ins. $10.50 net Including age to the United Kingdom.\n\nORDER EARLY, LANE, CRAWFORD, LTD. Grocery Dept. Tel. 25813.\n\nK\n\nRESTRINGING AND REPAIRS. We take a WERCIAL PRibk a son work RAÇERIŲ PAGEág ky on enny with Thing (HARANPE | RESTRIN\n\nAAA DUNLOP POTESTA ATIN AMERICAN ORGA [WUN cur OWN SUPERFINEL seunted Caloun) L7 רים with Our DAWON OUT NO. A WARNINGAPORE ONO 27 WAL CHINA GU 207 AUTERIINE N OWN A Out, and duly stunzsataed doe Umenia.\n\nIMPORTANT Badly sale that PACKETA Matrung with SKPAIRING A BINDING L Cocket T and Horkey Munka zīmu balag Earl by en vindurata: sharem\n\nPEITT KEPAIRS CE Tok A TRIAL ORDERS. 1.10137D G.S. BROTHERS, SPEITA MITATTERS 11. Ha Tha Maan deer w Paul kveland MAJESTIC TO-DAY & TO-MORROW AL $30, 5,34, 7.30 and the prom\n\nON-THE-SPOT Newa EL BRENDEL is in town So is FIFI EXORSAY. PIPI dances at \"The Golden Slipper,\" where a gang of crooks hang out. Think BRENDEL is the Big Shotof GANGLAND Sings MyRacket You”\n\nEL BRENDEL FIFI DORSAY When MENDEL, gazes into them eyei, he loses those balance! For hilarious and azciting details see\n\nMr.femon of Orange PRINCE'S THEATRE SHOWING TO-DAY mt 2 80, 7 15 & 9 15 Special matinee al 5 15 on Saturday and Sunday\n\nMGM Prezenta\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POUL FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1933.\n\nSTAGE & SCREEN NOTES. NEWS AND GOSSIP OF THE THEATRE | IN HONGKONG AND ABROAD.\n\nMANY NEW FILMS DUE AT KINGS.\n\nCentral: \"Tirta Husband.\" K-x Cylinder Løve\" Princesdarlaune,” 36x/mtk-\"Mr. Lemon of Urange.” Queen'—\"Byon of the World.\" Malm 24. Son of Zorra,” Star:-\"Navy Bl\n\nHart,\n\nSESSIONS CONCLUDE.\n\nCROSS-WORD PUZZLE\n\nJury Request Lenleney for Convicted Man.\n\nPOWERS OF POLRE\n\nLkg and Account + the rest of the Jury for Sonebhe Chief Jurka (Sir Joxeph Kemp posterday montered heung Leung, charged with an Haulting Ho Ka, with intent to rab, to onu yaar's hard labour.\n\nA cond defendant w charged, after being found Not KURS:\n\nThe jury came to a uxlam decleton in co, L majority recommensent For Live Frat kocke. Esa Lord- skip, in passing contamos, d posure that although ka did not know on what grounds the jury asked for Reel\n\nAvel, Adrama d'AM | saba Viadalat, John 25. Sk Kec. Earry Deebie,\n\naphoriag artista.\n\nspyme of the World\" chamanend the other 2 ren of the Queen's Themire yubordiy (rmacja. and will be Wosened to day, mid 500 | Damon, 3.\n\nThe picke vividly poes kesevarų, trayed, tha pint fine tena mier than Pin, B. we good kid evil, butwaan Zee wną among tu Peter Kiwalan kewen, mas and Winner 1 tik vaode ong af ka maen\n\nMaloda 1. Bu da versat in Deve tam bu a je\n\nand much of the thrill in the parture in dus to Kinds O'Mall, who dan berk Amerikes 14 sm of the\n\nPencoed by Fly from Carty With seven adaptation of an wegt et slagg by John Parsaw,\n\nHuery Kwa dzeeted the pesëse. The young Petikan M\n\nThe Grown Salicitor Mr. Somer\n\nast Filerey) prosecuted, and the\n\n– dret defendant wear represented by\n\nThe Juzy, via composed of Mr. F. Austin (formmanĮ, Makra T c Patterson, F. A. Xavier ? Kd warda, W. H. B. Muskett, S. J. Her\n\nwho and R. V. đa Batal\n\nand 19 pachakty | sualni kan veren van La Sin paneel Doer dicted one, Lichudin Una Terbil pomen, men and Osat una sdern Jibs Holland. Bestdən Zurst Xyra kelisah dials a Masand 2) ...... 41.\n\nher and a boot në akbarı\n\nating a nis dhe monulatus Dup d'alza\n\nwater preme Spa King's fan bünekää vody The attenuam from the CEM BAKER, and the Text\n\nf newlyweds even when they pay\n\npaquet,\n\nThe addresses to the jury by counsel, together with the Judge's Luming ND lasted th\n\nthe afternoon, whic\n\nلستت\n\n#erimental\n\n-\n\nA hood va thu\n\nயர்\n\n11 Placed avercing\n\nKEMIL\n\nit a fer fra\n\nCLLE,schen, C\n\nretired for Carty minutes kafan\n\nreaching their verdic\n\nQuestioning af Suspertu\n\nThe rights of police offour-\n\nTegelane, peteret the De Pasqua clied to strizi\n\nfor menika akusid att man to him But at Valoma that have národy madimed by oversee alles.\n\n+\n\nthrow a cream rol of partibus courly stated by the chut Fransady deset dada dan Justice in the morning, wam he\n\nmaking a\n\nCRA\n\nwond * The\n\n1\n\ndo cokolo 15 A Jarly when u 14 J\n\nH 1 Hokey\n\nVesterday's Bellies\n\nBondag\n\nT\n\nPark\n\nhe\n\naf 2\n\n-\n\n!\n\nthe\n\n14 Fellows Al out of the s\n\nHathor :\n\nPr\n\nFAM\n\nThe incised by Mr. Kir Ship-lọ, wḥhọ chineląc to a certaj: form of cross-examination employ mƐ against the first defendant fr\n\nmay new med krat\n\nDesible fryse the cozade\n\nDOFI EINU KA\n\nNAUTH\n\nThe sile\n\n!\n\n1\n\nVer\n\nDura\n\n1\n\nVertical\n\ntion red by Mr. Bin Singa\n\nmpty Cylinder Lavy gaus far sling sa hur ↑ «Letbook, wakiwi kave his designs on two abjec\n\ny than Savachay and sa da overrule kinetion ho zagladed by “Woman of AL NE Facing band pley, the dat straw Lon\" andher adventure of the strike woman Whan 15 wife makes inte buried marines, Karpiant Flogy and goether ver. 1 kubby like to rain Sulphant Quiri, Kika za Aro thancing bars or wen hin mble Vecina, parts of the machi kavu 14 to ja haloperation he her\n\npool. The rhag ka ba vanjlager\n\n| Str. Fitzroy the převlong day.\n\nCoumiul contended that the no caned was asked a series of quer\n\n\"What Trice tory?\" and \"The Cack smployee d sent in the toes and gums Fred WorldTM Filma Tented for the bin the ew batween repkytam Best future are the Zene Ora Luar te facing by Mr. Fremy from a docu-\n\n*The\n\nHvala, wak Ri- kane, WA 11 Agata\n\nWho The meat before him and which was\n\nchmod apk Tax Wren \"The Sema Pinko AT LANGKAÈn tai skin, while not produced and on which he woul\n\nAt the crusti | prompted by Barmant Kreism-\n\nwith Gorge ('Brien and \"The Bazzal mejnega and NË PAS be d\n\nWho Was The chance of the came in\n\nCAL\" KM Buy AW ME DUNN by Team MM MATTract the Court below arbai, ka mall lý ho Sparring Cherating Te and indelen Edward\n\nww\n\nThe Lee Ponds,\" and in mind t tion. Chernivt in\n\nUncal Sirm, ANAL Etion are that be in supported ku Cullen who played avessee him, an\n\nBy P\n\nF\n\nciia: Han Bans\n\n*The Say!\n\nAir. Flizey's Denial\n\nMr. Fitary replied that that\n\nBrendel | was votarly wrong.\n\nICON\n\n“Maculo 12 dan\n\nto the Philip\n\neh Aaměře\n\nAnd View\n\nKthe adver\n\nWalak's \"W\n\n------- koown the\n\n„Paramount \"adaption at 1psaka, dope the feet the\n\nTrurody.\"\n\nak the year'ı oylabanding\n\nEL\n\ndrama tadeg volan have been kid wall a\n\ni af peng Paramust-seek Wektu z\n\nA\n\nM\n\nENG. Medal any que\n\nIt And #hdraw Hawaii. | allegation, but be nerd cut pat k\n\nBy Sa kavu\n\n...a mikety traversed by Dee. The produ Tom mundi ho vt à Men standard as Helogion and Magal šita adventuzen Tregunda consca work and election. An enon me deig, remnALI ANA\n\nThe ganlys who mada Ekkunarak\"\n\n--\n\nBangla - »\n\nנוי\n\nONN IPE AT ASTORA FITE DETER S FEMININEUNDING\n\n4 The Cars à mata ya mch S LLLNESS DY\n\nexpart, a given a\n\nSAMED UPARMA : 5 Baje a sale (PA),\n\nCafe de tank ESA MHOOGEE NK\n\nMakole.\n\nLENT.\n\nSende ut pt, it was\n\nTOO MUCH RAIN.\n\nTHE HONGKONG WETEN OLUB.\n\n+\n\nGun-Fire to Scatter Clouds Firefert.\n\nThe\n\ndeant were L'ecend point has **\n\nbo had bes Nelle säter kari *** question a man helm time he wan\n\nmtipp at Shops Saturday, 2016 A\n\nmrning at s\n\nThe Ti\n\nThe bell an 1.50 p.m.\n\n• Tupe at\n\nlar\n\nMEMBERS ENCLOSURE\n\nbant Iv\n\nc\n\nLw.\n\nHa Caperdalla mild there was no\n\nHom\n\n-Badgon prominently diedlaved.\n\nTh\n\nHATO\n\nfeat the Leving to galler\n\nInds\n\n!! so for\n\nNo nos with duw be ducisted to the Member Enclo\n\nH\n\nΠότε\n\nthat the rate:\n\nIn all\n\nwith\n\nPing A\n\nk.\n\nin the lemngs ralel, and they in a\n\njeant in the first point, Mr. Estroy\n\nSatu\n\npi\n\npret den attempted to provi\n\nThough the pr\n\nDE AL Xaume” thu Is \"Van \"Mandy Long Legs,\" which laa Fax penalu. 1. Which spans Ho 60- reremmendations a simple sunčeky at the King' romance, in murther that the King's Times, 12. mg leve sama playa doubt that 192\n\nQue half of the good\n\nJRATI\n\nCand then argued that the\n\nMabeled. A For Um it has a hung by ra, that chasing team mỹ pgeht east, handed by Janet Gagner utorack to be finest rent in consider was the and Warner Baxter, anypacing by Vas Pros Glen\n\nThe Go Best Kathy) Chade Gollingwater and WHIL“\n\nThe tape her maderage inkej had un the case.\n\nAmong the English Tina palane te\n\nThe King 198 “A Warm Corner,\" with them to maps, Panama, Sean\n\nLease Bening handing a bla saat\n\nThe post sets l\n\nZpi\n\n10%. \"The Bui Ose\" with 12...\n\nvw the Am\n\namaria, Bicipi ane right to the\n\nCrowt\n\nT==bay.\n\nFert bloc\n\nMaga, and wea\n\nJI\n\nEnder's ViewA\n\nHis Lovedanip, in dealing\n\nA gami\n\nMembers are method that they\n\nneeded to barn end end day be and their Ladies must wear thell\n\nRader! 'membam\n\nThe Xeba Parkoure and chai, kuomu at 3 Coffee Clemen and be for Ladies\n\nretary pon her, auch\n\nDANGER!\n\nYOU ARE A VICTIM OF\n\nHONGKONG FOOT\n\n- X\n\n1 ויי}\n\nare pet\n\nBul\n\nHom\n\nPulling a man va where t\n\nbr\n\ned to Pale, durić\n\nand chop, chapters on all the\n\n::\n\nago.\n\nkega romalam 1.\n\nlone Park are linked and Vienna and Cɔnstantinoplu topal interest and the ther places of a De De Cachet the *** Turtast lu z ze red melty which w much of Chinese history in the Tanabe of the\n\nand the Ming T same way that London in so suck in parson by the of Earlich history and Katebest! - mention the le to make of Scottish Water\n\nchu thora\n\nwho at ng T\n\nmed sound? What did that About 15-re questions that a.)ør read:\n\nmutwick at every line charmine\n\nto the unwary reader, 15. zid they may fall to jenderstand Seku\n\naliment\n\n- mas cut in-,apekre.\" in another occasion,!\n\nsenten in\n\nserie Simpson they prosadia to For that mentioned Bond Street. holy the to one of the m\n\ntermed it, \"Say where, Julius Caesar drawing attent Bond Streette and what it .'\"\n\nil 1L to the material th Prod. Simpana in poking fun at 110ry, the means by which the\n\nmat men te wore a palat armaterial se\n\nCreated a simpla stary, Prof\n\nnom met deals with a comp morativ The Merh\n\ndrawn, lara bimanit open to the thmosh setnext and an th Nan die that bu qasten Tim Clarke, are interesting even with...\n\nTHE TRÊN 10 say who Tema Clarke tage productions.\" Have Blowj ted, Tom Clarke, farmerly a member of\n\nin Jul Comer how Shai KOBART fall the staff of Usa Sauch China Morm Test the Past, in at present editor je a let me burg to lack tha the free elition of her book pen is tur. is set able to share imposeze the opportun\n\n(ie Dowager'a tomb bar London newspaper-- 1 Ventes. Passing to Macbeth, Pif\n\n04, the levar, bagʻng herself 2. Chapters as Peking But Northline'n cietumn's trade or some timely remicy abe of the great fald carts shop, the fun to bursity, for haement and the critics of Shakespe Thursa history, the far and Fernand Northclife, it become necessary and in the Anal lecture on Teach\n\nV drama Lucia the Immacours of her to say who he wen, and that one Night be duals with the mportant Lioa era lay wala the Managers of Shinh than it le lente Prof. Simy various plays were printed\n\nImagine. In mo poore,\n\nnecessary qntion of the dates at which the principal from Rose in Feling for\n\nin in Flonchon\n\nTen to the Plays\n\nthrough whe KABI.\n\nThe Pletin) Side. There could be no better pok for the park\n\nww\n\nPurther Encouragessed,\n\nWhen the lectures were deter An Admirable lift.\n\n2nd on the wirejena na maential part However, It was not Frať, Simp. of the programme was the rad Akough anentially popular se's purpose to demonstrate the ing of selections from the playe than dusest of Tuklay and its wandoto Abazity of thelife' d'etur referred to.\n\nProf. Simpson Belst Halten for the general reader, which to the hd would redure that there is ung intimate region of the the Sonk is not Jacking in scholar wetting to places of interest in the KR: VIL\n\nwed readers with know-Howment, a Capital sat out wellia a pendik tune of Ch\n\nthose meninos Shor Motoral information.\n\nBorn Exited\n\nA p\n\nta\n\nre\n\n15\n\nof a book wal t For my The prepared from the eartipuð (menn ka dhe mes di Cuocomore. will be glad tv!\n\nare it in b same tiike, and ma tam kende stof such the sections referred to in\n\nகாென்பன, Hunt v Postala paladinckeri that the characters Apa\n\noranch An Kiven\n\nexceed in plaga dealt with, Prof. STI Which, along with the Mandarin roman-gun Bret Simms palataly the float of readers will!\n\n* The ** need hava ho froze on that tomber to quicken thaj imalen of proper AMOA of the randor. The the excellent Indar, the list of the avizugu Tekdes skoon ac-ughtiully\n\nare usually engh to discourage in be aluminted by la of the intrations, In-festivals and some of the mapa Jayaintance with Shakomprare la turning to the Diaze with tradi pleasant sibula kata eral that are new to PM author bas undertakana nisen limited to a simple try jinternet and enjoyment.\n\nAfted at mhant. Prof im\n\nThe format of Further Shut PH kedv et 'sprato 14 keeping aluse papn'rcent nature of the subject and the al- more repetal study of tractive MAST in which at bast Three or four plan, the necessary i barn treated. The pubilakēņu are! -ed in the\n\nCouraged mörkt be provided, to be complimented on an exce ath and it was with this thought in, pick! Lhu\n\n|| Ylvable an an aid to further and that he first wrote tha te taken care to explain in\n\nwork. Prof. mpan of ancient And modern Pekrending, particularly sa St Maż turon nud has new published them then that the lectures, will ather Hyacinth Ditchuria bern Me 101 pti dute in the their present form.\n\nland in my pettent enlillen.\n\nkambing. The book is packed with action that \"the study of Shako Taking as his text his own as 1. Und antywowell! Formation sh of weare should be based on an un-\n\nthe\n\nand 1.\n\nf how b\n\nJuring\n\n12\n\ndies are T\n\nW\n\ninally for broadenstag, and co\n\nanar pertain elementa zonalder\n\nof specialty suitable for that par poak, “have not been tempered |\n\n| e» it would use anve\n\nThe bibliophile\n\nConfidence!\n\nHe, boobby uhašty, kia apasar- ance—fodile confidence. Figurally, No is successful and pajusige, Strong bomitky, attractive loath, are essential ta that set of cance\n\nIt's significant that ha god thawrands al ather haakby, successful man usa Squikų Dental Cream. They use it canidan in the karvadedge that I will protect Hair teeth at the Danger Line-ther veinar- abi polat where puma mati fuath, where so much denial trouble actors, and where\n\nleom the dangerous add which being 40 decay and gum diseases, Squibb Dantul Cream, osade with over sc Squibb mik el Magnesia, a 2009- Ing antacid which dembels have we for years, effectively neutroičnes than ocide Bralects the Danger Line and helpis keop the gums fem pad healthy. It comes me gël, ne astringents, nothing to harm the delicate Nouns, I cleans brou Helly but catety, and it is remarkably placent to the testo, Begle the use of Paula Dental Cream Haley.\n\nSQUIBB DENTAL CREAM\n\nQuards the Danger Line\n\nKÖLNE, KARN & GO, IL\n\ncata\n\nE. R. SQUIBB & SONS, NEW YORK Cheran je de\n\nMRS. MOTONO.\n\nHand and Electrle Massage,\n\n91b, Wyndham Street. MISS MARU\n\nment at høy fles or patients\n\nM\n\n400, Mathan Row\n\nARRŞUN K. ANINDSZŲ. 1ÏËM, NONNA, ARTS & KISAKI\n\nRecommanded for many ram Go Crimpia Peak Hosptal ed by ill the bal\n\n24. Wyndham Street Tel\n\nel tion Includes a cost for quotation. alike for derstanding of his storfes and at with in the haps of turning fake Front Jaykhom maaponés görse kemat map of the Forb the intrinsic Interest of the suh appreciation of the means liked to have are the back furslab- Ohy, with the building coloured ject and the delightful manner in he made his stories Ively.\" red for grater clerussa Band-which atas kein gurated, but Prof. Simmon ha constructed. W with an index ertag through the unending thei ranston at counyards and thin e\n\ntom of the Bookshelf four half hour lecture dating would also have appreciate Imposal, a \"posan then to netewartly less that The plays he and alerted for his difficult to supply with such a This view, with four of the best known play strip down the bark with the title. tion of the drug the Forbidden 2-4, 3-\n\nwild na bá completa, perpose are Julion Career The elander volume but none the lasa Cemplane fight ris book at a piece of bank proder Twelfth N'ekt: or What You Wil.\n\nsad sauted to extrol the Merchant of Venice, Kachet and welcome when there.-M. e porose- and a map on worth of the Press of Madera. Before coming to the play with\n\ndelight to porn Kally & Walak Hid, from when which it deals, mch chapter sets bringing out a plody of the caden\n\nbirders. WE HATE Journed to expert\n\nAllen and Cowin are doctor Ever Peking\"\n\ndla Karal remarks about \"Though no longer the caplast ghest order.\n\nFiprison as well as practice espeare and his work and tion, entitled \"Lauashing and * China,\" wellan Julet Brem (the paper and the Imntent ona ara; (bieling part of Law book.\n\nlang sa taka from not the least they\n\nTehn Par East,' by Misa Trda MISS TAKAMURA In one of the reload pottfans of all excellent and othing more Desling with Shakespeare's art, in\n\nTrising real one of attractive devamad in the fent chapter, Prof. Power Wears. Jonathan Casa's Trurol- text \"Blog\" cition in the the way of a gift book, partieslar points out that the best way to and reverenza la due to tly from the paint of ew of the pr ancient\n\nThe\n\nwork\n\nTory\n\nSat, 21 Play lucky cipient.\n\nTh\n\n·\n\n•\n\nElectric and Hond\n\nOw of the latest addition to\n\nHommage Expen\n\n14 Wyndham Street\n\nIl performed in the theatre by Echoen of Japan Inter Life, By\n\nFirst Floor\n\ntake quite a la ane tih Jers, Library la Kokora, Him And\n\nLafeadin Read\n\nMedical Profesian Sinza\n\nTOCKTAKING\n\nALE! GENUINE REDUCTIONS OF FROM 10% TO 30%.\n\nTO MAKE ROOM FOR NEW STOCK MI-TAJMAHAL\n\nSILK STORE\n\nKing's Theatre Building D'Aguilar Street,\n\nof all the ad! wonderful b motive! most wonderful thing\n\nM\n\nThe dog man w\n\nIF YOUR\n\nit ba\n\n*The Bad\n\nMacmilk\n\nThe motor\n\nah...\n\nMarion\n\nDAVIES\n\nARIANNE\n\nMarion Davies will tell you what it is in a wonderful way\n\nDet mire the\n\npicture.\n\nAdded Attraction\n\nFox New\n\n-Commencing October, 25th.-\n\nM. M. production.\n\n\"MADAME X\"\n\nCOMMENCING SUNDAY AT THE QUEEN'S\n\nEX-DOLORES\n\nDEL RIO\n\n\"BAD ONE\"\n\nUNITED\n\n-EDMUND\n\nWE LOWE\n\n++ תרי\n\nThe\n\nOne.\"\n\nCommode Vandrehte in du tainas 40 mothe\n\nHaplorer la take advantage vĩ marsh Fich of a prisoner 19 kay patu DATE been pokémo\n\nKowald E\n\npremta Model Ra in Arctle explore new here\n\nwaterft.al vate enteng Lase\n\n* hurt af | Kechik\n\n2 straks | mada nə\n\nT\n\nודייי\n\nAll derided to charge ze palett\n\ngenre being braid to charge, tha\n\nfi..\n\nFEET\n\nPelice Rickt\n\n1\n\nLice ofrer we put\n\nと\n\nDON'T DELAY - APPLY\n\nABSORBINE JE\n\nIT KILLS THE GERMS OF\n\nHONGKONG FOOT\n\nALAND ATWOMPINE DE – NOW — 11 ki.18 Uhermafbok KONG\n\nני קל\n\nן\n\nkkk i EAIS the\n\nackly.\n\nWe\n\nJTCH BURN the Meeting.\n\nTam are obtulykkly at PEEL P.-- movided that CRACK Penad Tom The No 1 kg 3\n\num 1 Mid Gelaber BLISTER\n\n|:\n\n1920.\n\nthe\n\n10\n\nTele\n\nPUBLIC ENCLOSURE\n\n1\n\npist tɔ the\n\nt\n\n1\n\nיז' Bethevert, der Bernama LiDALJE\n\nKevin La\n\nBurc\n\nder. CROWN,\n\nSecretary-\n\nاجد\n\nHannah .:\n\nFirst, the text is re-formatted into standard Markdown, correcting headers, sub-headers, bold-type, and tables using Markdown table syntax.\n\nHere is the corrected and reformatted text in HTML as per the instructions:\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1931.\n\nBOOKSHELF.\n\nINDO-CHINA PARADISE. SHAKESPEARE'S PLAYS.\n\nHealth Resort in Hills of Annam.\n\nAN ATTRACTIVE BOOK.\n\nOne of the Loves garden spots, commonly known as the Parade of Indo-China, where H. Paul Doumer, then Governor, decided in 1895 to establish a health resort. Some years later, Governor Doumer completed the preliminary work and established a zamindari, which has a cinema attached.\n\nA great deal has been added to the station, and these are, including ... of mulled...y, a psychological problem, not a menace of lunar... Bong... a number of separate villas were erected. As a health resort, it has proved a great success.\n\nProf. Simpson's Radio Lectures.\n\nThe literature concerning Shakespeare is vast. Pekin... und... work, what a vast amount will ever realize Peking and not wet... weeting he might have spared Passing so it is saw officially call the world.\n\nThe third edition retains the original title of the book, mounting. The aspect that a opera may apology for hancared to excite either wonder... Milton to make change Murray.\n\nAlready the literature concerning Shakespeare is vast. The author has no more interest in the manuscripts, all of which are at Pekme th...\n\nMr. J. L. Feed Mokitur. Lauru, saya, \"of three.\n\n...\n\nTo Your Friends at Home Christmas with a suitable Gift from \"Hongkong TEA\n\nPrice per 3 catty box $18.50 net (Approx 7 lb.)\n\nFinest Fo.com > Per 5 catty box $17.00 net\n\n„Mauge Pakos Peyta 5 lbs. $17.60 net. THE PRICES QUOTED INCLUDE ALL CHARGES to any add was in the Corvel Kingdom, GINGER IN SYRUP In syrup barnat Memo SPECIALLY SELECTED FOR US. Portest of tina 5 lb jars. $18.00 net. Per case of Twelve 24 1. pats, $21.00 bet\n\nTUE PRICES QUOTED INCLUDE FREIGHT PAID to London Docka mole DRIED GINGER IN TINS Te pareof x 1 lb, ins. $10.50 net Including age to the United Kingdom.\n\nORDER EARLY, LANE, CRAWFORD, LTD. Grocery Dept. Tel. 25813.\n\nK\n\nRESTRINGING AND REPAIRS. We take a COMMERCIAL PRick a son work RAÇERIŲ PAGEág ky on enny with Thing (HARANPE | RESTRIN\n\nAAA DUNLOP POTESTA ATIN AMERICAN ORGA [WUN cur OWN SUPERFINE seunted Caloun) L7 רים with Our DAWON OUT NO. A WARNINGAPORE ONO 27 WAL CHINA GU 207 AUTERIINE N OWN A Out, and duly stunzsataed doe Umenia.\n\n...\n\nSQUIBB DENTAL CREAM\n\nQuards the Danger Line\n\nKÖLNE, KARN & GO, IL\n\ncata\n\nE. R. SQUIBB & SONS, NEW YORK Cheran je de\n\nMRS. MOTONO.\n\nHand and Electric Massage,\n\n91b, Wyndham Street. MISS MARU\n\nment at høy fles or patients\n\nM\n\n400, Mathan Row\n\nARRŞUN K. ANINDSZŲ. 1ÏËM, NONNA, ARTS & KISAKI\n\nRecommanded for many ram Go Crimpia Peak Hosptal ed by ill the bal\n\n24. Wyndham Street Tel\n\nel tion Includes a cost for quotation. alike for derstanding of his storfes and at with in the haps of turning fake Front Jaykhom maaponés görse kemat map of the Forb the intrinsic Interest of the suh appreciation of the means liked to have are the back furslab- Ohy, with the building coloured ject and the delightful manner in he made his stories Ively.\" red for grater clerussa Band-which atas kein gurated, but Prof. Simmon ha constructed. W with an index ertag through the unending thei ranston at counyards and thin e\n\n...\n\nMADAME X\" COMMENCING SUNDAY AT THE QUEEN'S\n\nEX-DOLORES DEL RIO \"BAD ONE\"\n\nUNITED -EDMUND WE LOWE\n\n...\n\nDON'T DELAY - APPLY ABSORBINE JE\n\nIT KILLS THE GERMS OF HONGKONG FOOT\n\n...\n\nPage 177",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933.txt",
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        "id": 535276,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-541-11 Cheng Kwok Yau- trial judge's notes 1-1-1932 - 31-12-1932",
        "page_number": 163,
        "title": "CO129-541-11 Cheng Kwok Yau- trial judge's notes 1-1-1932 - 31-12-1932",
        "content_text": "17.8.32\n\n163\n\nday (25th Feb.). I there saw A Lau and A To Hui.\n\nI next saw A Lau 5 or 6 days later, in Chater Road, near Watson's. I had a conversation with him.\n\nWe went to the Queen's Cafeteria. We had food there. The Cafeteria is in a lane near the Queen's Theatre.\n\nA Lau paid. I saw him again the following day, up in Chater Road at the same place.\n\nA Lau and I went across the Harbour. I met him about 3 p.m. a little after. We arranged to meet again the following day opposite the Central Market.\n\nThe day after the Queen's Cafeteria meeting we met at 3 p.m. in Chater Road, and we went to the Central Market. We arranged to meet the following day and go across the Harbour. He arranged with me to go to the Central Market to carry out something for him.\n\nWe met next day about 8.30 p.m. at the Star Ferry Wharf, H.K. side. He went into the public telephone box and then we both went across, first class.\n\nWe sat down in the first row on the left in the cabin. I was sitting on his left, close to a window.\n\nAfter a while A Lau saw someone sitting a little way from us whom he knew. He went and sat by that man's side. The man in question is the man on the left of ch. 30, as you look at it (George Fung).\n\nOn landing A Lau and that man went ahead together and went into a bus, of Route No.6. I followed them into the same bus, without knowing their destination.\n\nThey went to a station near the Nathan Hotel, opposite the On Lok Yuen Cafe, where Jung and that man (A Lau) got off. I went home and did not see either of them again that night.\n\nI next saw A Lau next morning. I saw him again in the evening of that day at 26 Lu Ya Street, 1st floor. I went there by arrangement. A Lau there gave me $60, in six $10 notes.\n\nThat same evening I went to the Central District to look for Tong Lam Heung. Hang Lam Heung came to see me next morning at...\n\nE. The Shanghai form of the name is...\n\n(80)\n\n \nPage 164\n\n...\n\n...\n\nPage 163\n\n...\n\n...\n\n...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-541-11 Cheng Kwok Yau- trial judge's notes 1-1-1932 - 31-12-1932.txt",
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    {
        "id": 554495,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-562-20 Whompoa Port- development 19-2-1937 - 4-4-1938",
        "page_number": 45,
        "title": "CO129-562-20 Whompoa Port- development 19-2-1937 - 4-4-1938",
        "content_text": "- 5 - \n\n46 \n\nEncl. No. 3.\n\nIn addition it is inevitable on account of the large headways involved. It is extremely doubtful whether the Yuet-Han Administration would permit their Whampoa traffic to be controlled by the Canton-Kowloon Administration over the six kilometres of main line common to both railways, particularly as they would derive no material advantage through an increased proportion of receipts. This main line control is a sine qua non of safe operation.\n\n8.\n\nOn the 15th January, 1937, Major Walker visited Canton and was informed by the Managing Director of the Chinese Section, Mr. Li Lu-chao, that he himself had actually brought Mr. Street's proposal to the notice of the Chinese Ministry in the course of a personal visit but that it had been ruled out. He was informed, however, at the Ministry that \"a loop connection was a certainty\". It has now been agreed between Major Walker and Mr. Street that when the connection eventuates it should follow generally the plan which is the third enclosure to this despatch and marked \"Scheme III\".\n\n9.\n\nI may conclude by expressing the opinion, which is shared by Major Walker, that our proper policy is to let the matter of this loop connection take its own course. From the Generalissimo's standpoint it is a strategic necessity, and is therefore certain to eventuate. In the present condition of the Hankow-Canton Railway there is no through traffic offering, and we can therefore well afford to wait. To press the matter now would merely exacerbate the Cantonese opposition, and so make things more difficult for the Generalissimo and the Chinese Ministry of Railways, and that without reaping any benefit for ourselves.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour most obedient, humble servant,\n**& Caldecot**\nGovernor, &c.",
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    {
        "id": 575236,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943",
        "page_number": 77,
        "title": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943",
        "content_text": "# TABLE SHOWING THE ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE OF THE JAPANESE ORGANISED HONGKONG GOVERNMENT\n(as published in the \"Yu Ch'ow Feng\" Magazine issue No.130 dated 1st April, 1943)\n\n## Office of the Japanese Governor General of the Occupied Territory of Hongkong:\nGovernor General **Rensuke Isogai**(磯谷廉介) the General who was defeated in the battle of Taiechuang.\n\n### 1) Civil Court\nHeadquarters at the Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation Building, Hongkong.\n\nThis office controls the following departments:  \n(Criminal cases are dealt with in accordance with Martial Law)\n\n### 2) Puppet Board of Chinese Peoples' Representatives\n**Chairman:** Lo Shu-huo(羅樹濩)  \n**Members:**  \n- Li Tsu-fang (李祖芳)\n- Liu T'ieh-cheng (廖鐵成)\n- Chen Lien-peh (陳連璧)\n\nUnder this Board is the -  \n**Peoples' Council (Puppet)**  \n**Chairman:** Chou Shou-cheng  \n**Vice-Chairman:** Li Kuan-chuen  \n**Members:**  \n| Name          | \n|---------------|\n| Li Chin-kang  | \n| Wang Tung-ming| \n| Lu Ai-yun     | \n| Tung Chung-wai| \n| Kuo Chan      | \n| Ye Lan-chuan  | \n| Chang Shu-shuen| \n| Teng Chao-chien| \n| Yen Cheng-kuen| \n| Chou Yuo-nien | \n| Wu Hua (伍華) | \n| Leng Kang-Fa  | \n| Li Chou(李就) | \n| Lin Kien-yin(林建寅)| \n| Kuang Tsi-tung| \n| Feng Tseh-ying| \n| Lo Wen-ching  | \n| Tan Ya-szeh(譚雅士)| \n| Li Chung-fu   | \n| Wang Teh-kuang|\n\n### 3) Department of Civil Administration\n**Head of Department:** Chikuru(千田貞幹)\n\nUnder this Department are the following Bureaus, etc.,  \n- **a) Hongkong Municipal Bureau**  \n  **Head of Bureau:** Matsuba(松葉)\n\n- **b) Kowloon Municipal Bureau**  \n  **Head of Bureau:** Fujita(藤田)\n\n- **c) Cultural Branch**  \n  **Administrator:** Nagao(長尾)",
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        "id": 575502,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905",
        "page_number": 144,
        "title": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905",
        "content_text": "## INDIAN CENSORSHIP\n### Intercepted I.S.C. Place Calcutta\n#### Date 21.3.42.\n\n**FROM-**\nTo: Daniel S.K. Chang, Fan Chuang, Kuo Fu Lu, Chungking, China.\n\n**Previous References :–**\nPostmark and date 1 “C” ... +88.45/4.2.\n\n**TRANSIT**\nLetter :-Date 13. 3. 42.\nMrs. Daniel S.) P.O. Box No. HAWI, HAWAII.\n\n**Language** English.\n\n**Distribution :—**\nChief Censor, India. New Delhi (6) 143\n\n**ORIGINAL:-** Released.  \n**LETTER RELEASED** MAY 1942\n\n## Extracts:\n### Recent Conditions in Hongkong.\n\nIf the people are willing to leave, they are given one catty of rice each and this small quantity is supposed to be sufficient till they reach the Chinese territory. No one is allowed to carry any extra clothes or luggage when leaving Hongkong. If anyone is carrying more than HK$10, the money is confiscated. Many people wearing leather shoes, watches, or possessing fountain pens are asked by the Japanese border sentry to surrender them. The Japanese also supply evacuation sampans to carry the Chinese people to either Macao or other Chinese territories. However, these people must apply for a pass, and then they have to line up at the Kowloon pier to wait for their turn. Once they line up there, they cannot leave until their turn comes. Mr. Meng said by one look at them it will break one's heart, because no matter rain or sunshine they have to wait there. They have no place to rest or sleep, and there are no toilet facilities. The filth accumulated since the war just made the pier stink to Heaven.\n\nThere is no light or water in Hongkong for general use although the services have been restored by the Japanese. The Japanese require a deposit of 50 dollars Japanese note (equivalent to HK$100) before the water service can be resumed, and $100 Japanese note as deposit for light before electricity can be supplied. Due to the fact that many people had very little money with them when the war broke out and that before Hongkong surrendered, the Hongkong & Shanghai Bank burned practically all their banknotes in the Bank to prevent them from falling into Japanese hands, many people find it impossible to exchange so much Hongkong money for Japanese notes in order to get water and light. If they should do so, it would mean that they have no money to buy rice which is more important for their sustenance. Consequently, many people have resorted to using flush toilet water for their drinking and cooking purposes. The flush toilet water comes from shallow wells and the people have to use their biscuit tins to extract water which will take about 15 minutes or so to fill the tin.\n\nSince the war began over three months ago, all the streets in Hongkong and Kowloon have not been swept. The sewage disposal system is disrupted so Hongkong is simply unrecognizable from what it used to be. Mr. Meng said that formerly Hongkong was clean and that there were hardly any mosquitoes, but now no matter where one goes, it stinks and is full of flies and mosquitoes.\n\nDue to the Japanese policy of not selling rice to the...\n\n`MEA/1/16`",
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    {
        "id": 593834,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-616-1 Correspondence on the production of a Cantonese-English dictionary; Report on a tour of South East... 1-1-1946 - 31-12-1947",
        "page_number": 122,
        "title": "CO129-616-1 Correspondence on the production of a Cantonese-English dictionary; Report on a tour of South East... 1-1-1946 - 31-12-1947",
        "content_text": "# \n54 365/46\n\nKenkot, \nCooperkins Lane, \nAmersham, Bucks. \n\n28th October, 1946. \n\n122\n\nDear Borth, \n\nForrest's proposal is interesting, at any rate as a short-term expedient to meet immediate requirements, and I am grateful for the opportunity of commenting on it, given by your letter of October 24th. Perhaps it will be simpler if I begin with an account of the Sitel revision, the obstacles to which were not so much the expense as the stick-in-the-mud policy of Kelly and Ish, who in 1950 still owned the copyright and were not particularly keen on undertaking a 3rd edition when they could still get (was it £500?) for old copies of the 2nd.\n\nIn 1938 the copyright was offered to Kegan Paul, who contacted me via the faculty at Cambridge when I came home on leave at the end of that year, or rather early in 1939. Their original proposal was a reprint of the Genahr edition, with supplements and glossaries of the kind now suggested by Forrest. After consulting Gustav Haloun, the professor of Chinese at Cambridge, I made some more substantial suggestions which I found Kegan Paul willing to consider. In fact, they showed a remarkable willingness to undertake quite formidable expenses as long as they could clear their costs.\n\nThey showed me, however, a file of correspondence from Malaya in which a certain very senior officer expressed himself in terms which I do not quote, but which I wish you and the whole Colonial Office could see. His comments on the proposal to reprint were: \n\n1. It recorded the SAIKUN dialect, which is now obsolescent. \n2. It used an unscientific and misleading system of romanization: e.g., ni for both `...` and `...`; kui for `...`; ch'u for both `...` and `...`; and kui for `...` and `...`; on the other hand, lui for `...` and other words; and lui, lu for `...` whose pronunciation is identical with `...`.\n3. Since 1860 (the relevant date, since Genahr when he took over from Dyer Ball discarded all the latter's efforts at revision) Cantonese has developed in many different directions and has become, in fact, a complete modern language, diverging to a remarkable extent from the New Mandarin. The developments include brand-new words (e.g., the names of the elements, `...` and so on), new meanings for old words (`...` for a sewing-machine, `...` for a bomb, `...` for to wave hair), new combinations of old words for new ideas (like `...`), and adaptations of foreign words (`...` and dozens for which nobody has bothered to find characters, like o fei si (`...`), kei lin (cream) etc.). The brand-new words could be collected in an appendix and the ... yik-yams (`...`).",
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        "document_key": "CO129-616-1 Correspondence on the production of a Cantonese-English dictionary; Report on a tour of South East... 1-1-1946 - 31-12-1947",
        "page_number": 125,
        "title": "CO129-616-1 Correspondence on the production of a Cantonese-English dictionary; Report on a tour of South East... 1-1-1946 - 31-12-1947",
        "content_text": "# \n54365/46\n\nKenkot,\nCopperkins Lane,\nAmersham, Bucks.\n\n29th October, 1946.\n\n125\n\nDear Sir,\n\nForrest's proposal is interesting, at any rate as a short-term expedient to meet immediate requirements, and I am grateful for the opportunity of commenting on it, given by your letter of October 24th. Perhaps it will be simpler if I begin with an account of the Gitel revision, the obstacles to which were not so much the expense as the stick-in-the-mud policy of Kelly and Eitel, who in 1930 still owned the copyright and were not particularly keen on undertaking a 3rd edition when they could still get £300 odd for old copies of the 2nd.\n\nIn 1938 the copyright was offered to Kegan Paul, who contacted me via the faculty at Cambridge when I came home on leave at the end of that year, or rather early in 1939. Their original proposal was a reprint of the Eitel edition, with supplements and glossaries of the kind now suggested by Forrest. After consulting Gustav Haloun, the professor of Chinese at Cambridge, I made some more ambitious suggestions which I found Kegan Paul willing to consider. In fact, they showed a remarkable willingness to undertake quite formidable expenses as long as they could clear their costs.\n\nThey showed me, however, a file of correspondence from Malaya in which a certain very senior officer expressed himself in terms which I dare not quote, but which I wish you and the whole Colonial Office could see. His comments on the proposal to reprint Eitel were:\n\n1. He recorded the SAIKUN dialect, which is now obsolescent.\n2. He used an unscientific and misleading system of romanization: e.g., ni for both `宜` and `倪`, kui for `鉅` and `駒`, ch'u for both `廚` and `儲`, and kui for `頸` and `跪`, on the other hand, lui for `纍` and lui, lu for `鸕` and other words whose pronunciation is identical with `盧`.\n3. Since 1860 (the relevant date, since Eitel when he took over from Dyer Ball discarded all the latter's efforts at revision) Cantonese has developed in many different directions and has become in fact a complete modern language, diverging to a remarkable extent from the New Mandarin. The developments include brand-new words (e.g., the names of the elements, `氫` and `氧`), new meanings for old words (`機` for a sewing-machine, `彈` for a bomb, `飛髮佬` for a barber), new combinations of old words for new ideas (like `電話`), and adaptations of foreign words (`士多` and dozens for which nobody has bothered to find characters, like `啡士` (o fei si), `忌廉` (kei lin, cream) etc.). The brand-new words could be collected in an appendix and the ...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-616-1 Correspondence on the production of a Cantonese-English dictionary; Report on a tour of South East... 1-1-1946 - 31-12-1947.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 593898,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-616-2 Hong Kong War Memorial Fund (Amendment) Ordinance 1948 6-2-1948 - 16-11-1948",
        "page_number": 60,
        "title": "CO129-616-2 Hong Kong War Memorial Fund (Amendment) Ordinance 1948 6-2-1948 - 16-11-1948",
        "content_text": "## CONTRIBUTIONS TO HONG KONG WAR MEMORIAL FUND - Continued.\n\n| Name | Amount | Name | Amount | Name | Amount | Name | Amount |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Lammert, Mr. & Mrs. L. E. |  | M. L. B. | 100.00 | Nam Mei Bank | 100.00 | Pacific Trading Co. | 50.00 |\n| In memory of Ernie | 500.00 | Ma Luk, Dr., In memory of Mother | 500.00 | Nam Sing Industrial Chemical Co. | 100.00 | Pacific Union Trading Co. | 100.00 |\n| Lan Ping Yin | 2,000.00 | Ma Tse Shon | 25.00 | Nam Tai Hong Kee | 20.00 | Pan Faan Aun | 25.00 |\n| Lane Crawford Ltd. | 5,000.00 | MacFayden, Q. A. A. | 100.00 | National City Bank of New York | 2,000.00 | Palmer & Turner | 5,000.00 |\n| Lansing Trading Co. | 100.00 | Mackinnon, Mackenzie & Co. | 48,000.00 | National Commercial Bank | 50.00 | Parkes, Mr. & Mrs. P. B. | 25.00 |\n| Lederhofer, Mr. & Mrs. R. V. | 25.00 | Mackie, Mr. & Mrs. D. J. | 1,000.00 | National Commercial & Savings Bank | 300.00 | Pau, K. T. | 25.00 |\n| Lee Cheng Bank | 50.00 | Mackintosh Ltd. | 100.00 | National Industrial Bank of China | 200.00 | Paulin & Co. | 50.00 |\n| Lee In Cheung | 1,000.00 | Mai Kan, Mrs. | 50.00 | National Trading Corporation | 30.00 | Peak Tramways | 1,000.00 |\n| Lee, I. C. | 10.00 | Man Hing Hong | 50.00 | Nederlandsch Indische Handelsbank | 2,000.00 | Pearce, Mr. T. A. | 25.00 |\n| Lee Po | 100.00 | Man Lee Bank | 1,000.00 | Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij N.V. | 2,000.00 | Penn, Mr. & Mrs. A. H. | 50.00 |\n| Lee, S. W. | 10,000.00 | Manners & Co., John | 1,000.00 | Nesteroff, Mr. & Mrs. | 20.00 | Peter, Mr. & Mrs. J. | 80.00 |\n| Lee & Co., Ltd., S. W. | 100.00 | Mansion Trading Co. | 100.00 | New Asia Development Syndicate | 50.00 | Petit, Mr. M. E. | 1,000.00 |\n| Lee Yuen Bun | 100.00 | Manufacturers Bank of China | 200.00 | New England Co. | 1,000.00 | Pettz, Newland & Co., Ltd. | 50.00 |\n| Leong Estates Ltd., Henry G. | 500.00 | Marconi China Ltd. | 100.00 | Newton, Dr. I. | 100.00 | Phillips, Messrs. and E. C. Drown | 100.00 |\n| Lepack Co. | 100.00 | Marshall, Mr. & Mrs. G. L. | 100.00 | Ng Lee Pui | 100.00 | Pinna, Mr. & Mrs. A. R. de | 25.00 |\n| Leung Yew | 1,000.00 | Martin, G. P. de | 100.00 | Ng Wah | 500.00 | Po Sam On | 10.00 |\n| Leung Yew Chung | 20.00 | Mason, Mr. & Mrs. Stanley | 375.00 | Ng Wai Ting | 20.00 | Po Seng Bank | 200.00 |\n| Leung Yuk Kee | 100.00 | May, J. A. R. | 100.00 | Ngan Shing Kwan, Mr. & Mrs. | 250.00 | Po Shiu Tong Association | 100.00 |\n| Li Clinic | 110.00 | May May Co. | 50.00 | Ngo Kee Bank | 50.00 | Police Accounts Office Staff | 20.00 |\n| Li, Mrs. Florence | 20.00 | Maynard, Mr. & Mrs. | 100.00 | Noble, Mr. & Mrs. H. | 100.00 | Police Officers & Men of Police Training School | 184.20 |\n| Li & Fung Ltd. | 100.00 | McDouall, Mr. & Mrs. J. C. | 150.00 | Noronha, Mr. & Mrs. D. M. | 20.00 | Police Officers & Men of Water Police | 65.00 |\n| Li Kan Sang | 25.00 | McKelvie, Mr. & Mrs. J. M. | 10.00 | North, Mr. & Mrs. R. A. C. | 100.00 | Police Station No. 2-Officers & Men | 80.00 |\n| Li Koon Chung | 500.00 | Mecca Silk Store | 50.00 | North China Insurance Co. | 10,000.00 | Portuguese-several ex P.O.W. | 1,075.00 |\n| Li Shu Fan, Dr. | 500.00 | Melbye, Mr. A. | 50.00 | Northcote Training College-Attached School | 48.75 | Potter, Mr. & Mrs. Eldon | 500.00 |\n| Li Shu Fong | 10.00 | Melwana, Mr. F. T. | 150.00 | Northern Feather Works | 500.00 | Potts, A. H. | 75.00 |\n| Li Shu Pui, Mr. & Mrs. | 200.00 | Melwine, F. | 100.00 | Odd Small Donations | 159.00 | Potts, Mr. & Mrs. A. H. | 25.00 |\n| Li Shu Pui, Mrs. | 50.00 | Mercantile Bank of India Ltd. | 10,000.00 | Odell, Mr. & Mrs. H. | 10.00 | Pringle, Mr. & Mrs. H. D. | 50.00 |\n| Li Tse Fong | 550.00 | Metropolitan Land Co., Ltd. | 1,000.00 | Odell, Mr. & Mrs. H. 0. | 100.00 | Prior, J. T. | 180.00 |\n| Li Tsun Lung | 100.00 | Middlesex Regiment 1st Bn. In memory of | 25.00 | On Tai Bank | 50.00 | Provincial Bank of Fukien | 300.00 |\n| Liang, Miss Lucy | 30.00 | Milne, Mr. & Mrs. G. | 250.00 | Optorg Co. (Malaya) Ltd. | 500.00 | Public Dinner to Sir Mark Young (Balance) | 925.75 |\n| Liebermann Waelchli & Co. | 500.00 | Milne, Mr. & Mrs. H. W. | 50.00 | Oriental Handiworks Co. | 100.00 | Pure Cane Molasses Co. (HK) Ltd. | 5.00 |\n| Lingnan Middle School Students | 200.20 | Ming Tak Bank | 200.00 | Oriental Theatre | 300.00 |  |  |\n| Ling Ying College Staff & Pupils | 500.00 | Mitchell, Mr. & Mrs. A. McG. | 30.00 | Overseas Chinese Banking Corporation | 200.00 | Q |  |\n| Lloyd, N. & E. Jones | 25.00 | Mo Yuen Lo, Miss | 25.00 | Overseas Chinese Branch School | 100.00 | Quick, Mr. K. R. | 320.00 |\n| Lo, Mr. Horace | 200.00 | Molnar & Greiner | 300.00 |  |  | Quin, Mr. & Mrs. A. E. | 100.00 |\n| Lo Ki | 10.00 | Mongkok Government Vernacular School-Staff & Pupils | 1,000.00 | R |  | Quinn, Mrs. S. N. | 20.00 |\n| Lo Kwok | 0 | Moodie, Mr. & Mrs. J. | 250.00 | R. A. F. | 40.00 |  |  |\n| Lo, Mr. & Mrs. M. H. | 500.00 | Morgan & Co. | 1,000.00 | R. A. F. Corporals, Aircrafts-men, Kai Tak | 200.00 | Radio Corporation of America | 500.00 |\n| Lo, Hon. Mr. & Mrs. M. K. | 1,000.00 | Morrison, Colin In Memory of Joseph | 10.00 | R. A. F. Officer's Mess, Kai Tak | 51.00 |  |  |\n| Lo, Mrs. M. K. | 50.00 | Morrison, Mr. & Mrs. and Elsy | 25.00 |  |  |  |  |\n| Lo Ming Ning | 100.00 | Morrison, Mr. & Mrs. J. A. D. | 525.00 |  |  |  |  |\n| Lo, Mr. & Mrs. M. W. | 500.00 | Morse, Hon. Mr. & Mrs. A. | 4,000.00 |  |  |  |  |\n| Local Printing Press Ltd. | 250.00 | Moses, E. S. | 10.00 |  |  |  |  |\n| Lopes, Mr. C. A. | 20.00 | Mou Cheong Bank | 50.00 |  |  |  |  |\n| Louie & Co., Messrs F. S. | 20.00 | Mow Fung, F. C. | 10.00 |  |  |  |  |\n| Loxley & Co., Messrs. W. R. | 5,000.00 | Mui Hohn Kwong | 100.00 |  |  |  |  |\n| Lu, C. Y. | 5.00 | Mutual Trust Co. | 173.05 |  |  |  |  |\n| Lu Hing Hop Bank | 50.00 | Mothersill, J. R. | 50.00 |  |  |  |  |\n| Luen Fook Hong Ltd. | 50.00 |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| Lunson, Mr. & Mrs. T. H. | 100.00 |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| Lusitano Club | 500.00 |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n\nPage 60  \nPage 61",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-616-2 Hong Kong War Memorial Fund (Amendment) Ordinance 1948 6-2-1948 - 16-11-1948.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
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]