[
    {
        "id": 218442,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "page_number": 315,
        "title": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "content_text": "time. \n\nof himself \n\nKeeping house for or shall keep any house for the occupancy of public prostitutes, or shall keep or be prostitutes. Frequent found in any gambling shop whereof notice shall not have been given to the Chief ing gambling houses. Magistrate of Police, or shall have in his possession any spar, bludgeon, or other Having unlawful im- \n\noffensive weapon, or any crowbar, picklock, skeleton key, or other instrument fit for plement in his pos- session with intent unlawful purposes, with intent to use the same for such unlawful purpose, or if any to use the same. As persons shall assemble together in the night time without a lawful reason for so Boubling in the night assembling, or if any person secing any such assemblage, or knowing or having reason to suspect that such assemblage, was about to be or had been made, shall not raise an Not giving notice of alarm and give immediate notice thereof to the nearest guard house or police station, such assemblage. Be or if any person shall behave in a riotous, noisy, or disorderly manner, although no having riotously. Be actual breach of the peace shall take place, or shall be seen draak in any public road ing drunk. Using im proper language, In or passage, or shall use any profane or indecent language, or insult any female in public, sulting females. Pro- or shall make any offensive jokes, gestures, or threats towards any one present which voking a breach of shall be likely to create a breach of the peace, or shall challenge any one to fight, or if the peace \n\nany person shall beg, or expose any sore or infirmity to view with the object of exciting Begging or exposing compassion and obtaining alms, or shall lewdly or indecently expose his person by person. Not giving a bathing or otherwise near any public road, or shall not be able to give a satisfactory satisfactory account account of himself and of his way of living, or who being abroad at night time shall not give a satisfactory reason for BIO being, or if any persons shalt pretend to tell fortunes, Cheats or impos. or to exercise any magic arts, or shall otherwise impose on the credulity or superstition tures. Playing in pu- of any one whatsoever, with a view to gain, or shall attempt to defraud any person of blic-roads \n\nany money by pretending that the same is counterfeit, or if any person shall play at Obstructing or re- any rame in any public passage or road so as to obstruct the same or create a noisy fusing to assist offissenbly therein, or shall resist any justice of the peace, constable, peace officer, or police cer in his duty \n\nmay in the execution of his duty, or shall neglect to assist such officer therein when Servant quitting em- called upon so to do, or if any person employed as a domestic servant or otherwise shall ploy without givis quit his employers service without giving such warning thereof as shall afford reasonable warning or exposing time to his employer to procure another person to act in his stead, or shall neglect or hisemployers proper- ty to injury or wilful absent himself from his duty without leave, so as to destroy injure or endanger the safety ly disobeying orders. of his employers property, or shall wilfully disobey such employers lawful and reasonable Watchmen sleeping orders, or if any person employed as a guard or watchman shall sleep at his post, or be being negligent or negligent remiss or cowardly in the execution of his duty, or if any person shall want cowardly. Cruelly only and cruelly mutilate or otherwise illuse any horse, mule, dog or other animal injuring animale de. without necessity. Then and in every such case the person so offending shall forfeit Penalty \n\nand pay to Her Majesty Her Heirs and sucessors for the public purposes of the Colony of Hongkong such sum not exceeding two hundred dollars as shall be adjudged in the manner hereinafter mentioned. \n\nAfter one convic- 2.-And be it enacted that after conviction for any offence against this Ordinance, tion offender liable the offender shall be ordered by the convicting justice or justices to do such Act as the to double penalties, subject matter of the case may require and shall be allowed a reasonable time to perform such order, but that at the expiration of such time, if he shall still be an offender against the provisions of this Ordinance, he shall be liable to be convicted in double the penalty formerly inflicted, notwithstanding such double penalty shall amount to more than the sum of two hundred dollars, and if such offender shall still persist in offending against this Ordinance he shall be liable to be repeatedly convicted in such double penalty. Person refusing to \n\n3.And be it enacted that it shall be lawful for the Superintendent of Police of comply with \n\nthis the Colony of Hongkong, or other officer duly authorized by the Chief Magistrate of Ordinance Superin- Police of the said Colony, to require any person whose duty it shall be to remove any tendent of Police to filth or obstruction, or do any other matter or thing required to be done by this Ordinance, charge him double so to do within a certain time to be then fixed by the said Superintendent of Police or other officer, and that in default of such requisition being complied with, the said Superintendent of Police or other officer shall and may cause to be removed such filth or obstruction, or do or cause to be done such other matter or thing as aforesaid, himself, and the person so in default shall, in addition to the penalties herein before mentioned, be liable to pay double the expense thereof which shall be recoverable in the same manner as any penalty provided by this Ordinance. \n\nAct for him and \n\nthe expense. \n\nRecovery of pe- nalties. \n\n4-And be it enacted that the penalties provided by this Ordinance shall be recovered in a summary manner by proceeding to be had before the Chief, Marine, of Assistant Magistrates of Police sitting singly, or before any two Justices of the Peace for the said Colony of Hongkong. \n\nHENRY POTTINGER. Governor of Hongkong, &c. &c. &c. \n\nPassed the Legislative Council, this 20th day of March, 1844. \n\nRICHARD BUNGASS. \n\nClerk of the Legislative Council. \n\nHONGKONG, Published by Authority. \n\nPrinted by Joan CAIRNS \n\n",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 224842,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-019 - Sir John Davis - 1847 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 112,
        "title": "CO129-019 - Sir John Davis - 1847 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "108\n\nHongkong, being a Crown Colony, has no Representative Assembly. The Executive Council consists of three Members besides the Governor, according to the Instructions under Her Majesty's sign manual. The members are nominated by the Governor, subject to the sanction and warrant of Her Majesty. The only member of the Executive having a seat in the Legislative Council is the Major General Commanding.\n\nVictoria, Hongkong.\n\n3rd February, 1847\n\nColonial Secretary\n\n36\n\nPage 108\n\nPage 108\n\nPage 108",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-019 - Sir John Davis - 1847 [1-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 235224,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-047 - Sir Bowring and Lieut Governor Caine - 1854 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 263,
        "title": "CO129-047 - Sir Bowring and Lieut Governor Caine - 1854 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "Crown Administering in the Government of Hongkong, with the advice of the Legislative Council thereof.\n\nAlliances and Ordinances A. 1 of 1845 and 1.12 of 1845 be thereby repealed, and that from and after the Day mentioned, it shall not be lawful for any number of persons to meet without notice given to Government.\n\nBe it enacted, that from and after the passing of this Ordinance, it shall not be lawful for any persons to assemble together as Members of a Secret Society, unless the Acting Officer or Secretary or some other person belonging to and on behalf of such Society, shall give Twenty four hours...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-047 - Sir Bowring and Lieut Governor Caine - 1854 [8-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 242164,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-064 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 50,
        "title": "CO129-064 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "## 12.13\n\nThe Legislative control conferred upon the office holder and it was with a view to ascertain the correctness of that opinion that I moved on the 18th that Copies of Her Majesty's Orders in Council, constituting this Colony a British possession, should be furnished to this Council - naturally, with a view to conveying to the Members the Legislative Powers of the Members.\n\n4 \"The 'Standing Rules' submitted for my report contemplate the Rehearsal, if I may be permitted so to express it, of powers the Members of this Council do not possess - those Rules would, with great appropriateness of diction and of purport, suit the Requirement of an Elective Legislative Assembly; but if admitted now as the 'Standing Orders' for this Council - I think - they could but perplex the Members and thereby, retard the Progress of Public Business; ergo, in my estimation, the Rules before me need revision and considerable modification.\n\nWith regard to the Admission of the Public within the Council Chamber - much as I shall probably find myself in the opinion that I am deliberately...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-064 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [8-10].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 242172,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-064 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 58,
        "title": "CO129-064 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "# Despatch N. 124 07/857\n\n## Inclosure No. 2\n\n### Rules and Regulations for Members of the Legislative Council on the Draft Members of that Body; June, 1857\n\n1\n\nGovernment Offices, Victoria, Hong Kong 24th June, 1857.\n\nOn the Attorney General's Draft I have to remark that Section 1, although well suited to the conduct of business in a public assembly or populous elected Parliament, are altogether inconsistent with the character of the Legislative Council of Hongkong, and with the duties imposed upon the Governor by Her Majesty.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-064 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [8-10].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 242173,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-064 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 59,
        "title": "CO129-064 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "# On Section 7 on the Subject of Petitions \nit may be doubted whether the Governor in Executive and not in Legislative Council is not the proper authority to which Petitions should be addressed. I find that five Petitions only have been ever addressed to the Legislative Council.\n\n## On Section 8. Motion\nI imagine except in the shape of amendments to Ordinances can only emanate from the Governor who is constituted the Fons et origo of Legislation. Section 9. unobjectionable. \n\n## On Section 10\nI do not imagine that the Legislative Council has any power to direct Inquiries independent of the Governor.\n\n## Section 11\nunobjectionable. Sections 12, 13, 14 and 15, are suited to the business of a popular assembly. It is right that the Governor, Officer administering the Government, should be personally addressed, - and on the second reading of",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-064 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [8-10].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 255585,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-090 - Public Offices & Others - 1862",
        "page_number": 297,
        "title": "CO129-090 - Public Offices & Others - 1862",
        "content_text": "# Gunners,—Continued.\n\nGeo. W. Stiles.  \nN. McGregor.  \nE. Mever.  \nF. G. Reed.  \nCharles Rickerby.  \nJ. Thornton.  \nG. M. E. Pogson.  \nFrank Whitley.  \nChas. C. Colen.  \nAlex. S. Watson.  \nW. Detmerin.  \nG. Ellissen.  \nJ. B. Taylor.  \nJames Stephen.  \nH. Dickson.  \nG. A. F. Norris.  \nW. W. Bonnett.  \nR. Reed.  \nW. Wilson.  \nDavid Welsh,  \nD. Ruttunjec.  \nF. Bomanjee.  \nH. B. Dantra.  \nE. Pestonjee.  \nS. Hecrjeebhoy.  \nH. Nowrojee.  \nJ. Nusserwanjec.  \nB. Nusserwanjec.  \nJohn Roberts, Jr.  \nCharles Parker.  \nCharles Rivington.  \nG. Thomson.  \nWin. C. Young.  \nO. C. Bell.  \nC. Hager.  \nF. S. Huffum.  \nA. G. Proctor.  \nH. N. Mody.  \nFerd. Nissen.  \nP. Sörnsen.  \nR. S. Lungrana.  \nA. Pestonjee.  \nP. Sapoorjee.  \nGeo. King.  \nD. C. Deare.  \nFrank Whitley.  \nRichd. F. Hawke.  \nErnest Major.  \nS. E. Sassoon.  \nE. D. Ezekiel.  \nG. Brant.  \nJ. Thompson.  \nE. H. Duus.  \nC. T. Johnson.  \nFred. T. Smith.  \nJoseph Blum.  \nW. S. Rosenthal.  \nGeo. Holmes.  \nJ. H. Cheverton.  \nChas. Gaupp.  \nAlfred Howell.  \nJohn Fryer.  \nThos. Edwards.  \nHenry J. Goodwyn.  \nChas. F. A. Sangster.  \nGeo. R. Pinder.  \nW. Gee.  \nHenry Beveridge.  \n\n## Honorary\n\nJ. I. Murray, M.D., Surgeon.\n\n# SAINT CHRISTOPHER\n\n## Addresses of the Honorable the Legislative Council and the House of Assembly\n\nAddresses of the Legislative Council and the House of Assembly, unanimously adopted and presented to **LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR ROBINSON**, upon his temporary relinquishment of the Government of St. Christopher and Anguilla, and approaching assumption of the Government-in-Chief of the Leeward Islands; with the **LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR'S** replies thereto.\n\n## Address of the Legislative Council\n\nTo His Excellency **HERCULES GEORGE ROBERT ROBINSON**, Esquire, Lieutenant Governor of the Islands of Antigua, St. Christopher, and Anguilla, Administering the Government of the Islands of St. Christopher and Anguilla, Chancellor, Vice Admiral, and Ordinary of the same, &c., &c., &c.\n\nMay it please Your Excellency,\n\nWe, the Members of the Board of Council of St. Christopher, regret to learn from the announcement recently made to us, that the Island will shortly be deprived of Your Excellency's presence as Representative of Our Most Gracious Sovereign.\n\nWe shall rejoice for our own sakes should your Excellency's absence be of no long continuance; but we cannot allow the opportunity to escape us of congratulating you on the more important sphere to which Her Majesty has been pleased to advance you, during the absence of His Excellency the Governor-in-Chief.\n\nIn the administration of the affairs of Saint Christopher, your Excellency has passed four rather eventful years; and when we regard the various and important improvements which are manifested in the financial condition of the Island; in the many Public Works, calculated to be useful and to elevate the inhabitants, which have been commenced and carried to successful completion; in the Laws relating to Immigration; Sanatory Regulations for internal as well as external government; Police and Protective Forces; and ultimately, in an efficient responsible Administrative System, we are conscious of the lasting gratitude this Island owes to your Excellency's intelligent, skilful, and patient guidance, and to that singleness of mind which has ever made the Public weal the one prominent object to your Excellency's view.\n\nIn conclusion, we are happy to believe that we need scarcely assure your Excellency of our deep regret at your departure, and of the sincerity with which we wish for the merited advancement of your Excellency, and for the future happiness of your family. The knowledge that the former may best be promoted by a removal to a larger circle of duty, affords the only satisfaction that we can derive at the prospect of a termination to that official intercourse with your Excellency, which has throughout your administration, been uniformly so gratifying to us.\n\nF. SPENCER WIGLEY  \nSTEPHEN JORDAN  \nJ. S. BERRIDGE  \nJ. EARLE TUDOR  \nJAS. D. ROGER  \nSTEWARTS. DAVIS  \nHOWARD M. CLIFTON  \nBURTON GEO: ROBINSON\n\nCouncil Chamber,  \n30th March, 1859.\n\n## The Lieutenant Governor's Reply\n\nMr. President, My Lord Bishop, and Gentlemen of the Legislative Council,\n\nI accept with no ordinary feelings of gratification the expression of kind feelings contained in the Address which you have just presented to me.\n\nIt has indeed been my constant desire to live in harmony with, and promote the real interests of the community over which it has been my good fortune to preside. As you state, many social improvements have of late years been carried into effect, and it has been well observed that the character of a country is expressed in its institutions; but whatever success has attended upon my efforts, and of which your generosity has formed a judgment favorable far beyond my expectations, the result is mainly attributable to the advice and assistance... \n\nPage 295  \nch 9369",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-090 - Public Offices & Others - 1862.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 258496,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-097 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1864 [1-2] & Sir Robinson - 1864 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 32,
        "title": "CO129-097 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1864 [1-2] & Sir Robinson - 1864 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "30\n\n8th. That the Governor or Officer administering the Government of the Colony shall direct a Board of Government of not less than three in number, to assemble at the Mint at the expiration of each quarter for the inspection of the Star Bullion and Coin in the Mint, and report on the same to him, stating the exact amounts of the balance of each description verified by them.\n\n9th. That the salaries specified as under shall be added to the Civil List\n\nThe Master of the Mint per annum.-$6,720. £1,400.\n\nThe Superintendent of the Bullion Office.-$3,840. £800.\n\nThe Assayer. $3,840. £800.\n\nThe Superintendent of the Coining Department.-$3,840. £800.\n\nThe Superintendent of the Melting Department.-$3,840. £800.\n\n10th. That such other Officers and Servants of the Mint as may be appointed shall be paid such Salaries as may be approved by the Governor with the approval of the Secretary of State, and that such Salaries shall be borne on the annual estimates\n\n(Copy.)\n\nFrom Sir Frederick Rogers to Mr. Hamilton.\n\nDOWNING STREET, 6th June, 1863.\n\nSIR,-I am directed by the Duke of Newcastle to transmit to you for the consideration of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury the Draft of an Ordinance for establishing a Mint in Hongkong, which has been drawn up by Sir Hercules Robinson after communication with the Master of the Imperial Mint.\n\nI am also to annex a copy of the letter submitting the Ordinance to the Duke of Newcastle, and I am to state that his Grace would wish to be informed whether their Lordships approve of the appointments which Sir H. Robinson proposes to make, as well as of the Salaries which he recommends should be assigned to the several Officers.--I am, &c.,\n\nG. A. HAMILTON, ESQ.,\n\n&c., &c., &c.\n\n(Signed) F. ROGERS.\n\nThe Right Hon'ble F. Peel, M.P., to Sir F. Rogers.\n\nTREASURY CHAMBERS, 23rd June, 1863.\n\nSIR, With reference to your letter of the 6th instant I am directed by the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury to acquaint you, for the information of the Duke of Newcastle, that my Lords approve of the provisions of the proposed Ordinance for establishing a Mint at Hongkong.\n\nTheir Lordships also approve of the proposed appointments of Superintending Officers and of the Salaries proposed to be assigned to them, which my Lords are assured are as low as will be required to command the services of efficient persons for the technical duties which they will be required to discharge.\n\nMy Lords concur in the suggestion of the Master of the Mint communicated by Sir Hercules Robinson that a Master of the Mint should be appointed at once in order that the arrangements to be made in this Country preliminary to the establishment of a Mint should be carried out under his immediate supervision.\n\nMy Lords consider that the success of the measure will greatly depend on the efficiency of the person selected for this important post, and they suggest that practical acquaintance with the sciences of chemistry, metallurgy and mechanics should be regarded as essential qualifications for the post, in order that the Master may not only be able to control the operations of the other Principal Officers, but be able to assume the immediate direction of those operations in cases of leave of absence, illness or other causes.\n\nI am further to suggest that in engaging the Services of the Master and other Officers some understanding should be come to regarding their return to England in the possible event of the Mint being closed after a sufficient trial. I am, &c.,\n\n(Signed) F. PEEL.\n\nSIR F. ROGERS, BART,\n\n&c., &c., &c.\n\nNo. 160-Financial.\n\nHONGKONG, 25th August, 1863.\n\nMY LORD DUKE.--I have the honor to acknowledge your Grace's despatch No. 88 of 8th July last, in continuation of \"Confidential\" 19th April, 1863, on the subject of the establishment of a Mint in this Colony.\n\n2. I shall of course see that your Grace's instructions are carried out, and the correspondence shall be duly placed before the Legislative Council, when the Draft Ordinance shall also be submitted for adoption by that body.\n\n3. But as this Ordinance can be passed at any time and there is no immediate occasion for it, your Grace's instructions being that nothing is to be done under it until receipt of further directions, I trust your Grace will approve my delaying for the time the application to the Council.\n\n4. No inconvenience, so far as I see, can arise from this, as care shall be taken that the Council and the public have a sufficiently early opportunity of considering the question, and in the meantime our information on the subject (at present but scanty) will possibly be increased from various quarters.\n\n5. I take occasion to ask if it be necessary to retain the word \"Silver\" in the first paragraph of the Draft Ordinance. It seems to me that if a regular Mint be established here, it would be well to have out the dies already made for the Coin, and thus do away with the inconsistency of manufacturing one silver Coin in Hongkong and one copper in England.\n\nI have the honor to be, My Lord Duke, your Grace's most obedient Servant,\n\nW. T. MERCER,\n\nHis Grace THE DUKE OF NEWCASTLE, K.G.,\n\n&c.,\n\n&c.,\n\nHongkong-No. 148.\n\n&c.\n\nDOWNING STREET, 8th November, 1863.\n\nSIR,-I have to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 160 of the 25th August, respecting the Draft Ordinance for the establishment of a Mint in Hongkong. I have to instruct you to lay the correspondence which has passed on the subject before your Council, and to submit the Ordinance for their approval.\n\nMr. Hamilton to Sir F. Rogers.\n\nTREASURY CHAMBERS, 2nd November, 1863.\n\nWith reference to your letter of the 28th ultimo, transmitting copy of a communication from the Acting Governor of Hongkong on the subject of the Draft Ordinance proposed to be submitted to the Legislature of that Colony for the establishment of a Mint at Hongkong, I am directed by the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury to request that you will observe to the Duke of Newcastle that the object of the proposed Ordinance is to regulate the issue of silver Coins from the Mint at Hongkong, and that the enacting clauses depend on the recital in the first clause regarding the purpose for which the Master of that Mint is to be appointed.\n\nIt would not be proper therefore to omit the word \"Silver\" from the first clause as proposed in the despatch of the Acting Governor Mercer, but there would be no objection to the insertion of an additional clause, or to the passing hereafter of a further Ordinance authorising the Coinage at the Mint of silver or copper Token Coins according to the terms of the last Proclamation For the regulation of the currency of Hongkong.--I am, &c.,\n\n(Signed) GEO. A. HAMILTON.\n\nSIR F. ROGERS, BART.\n\n&c., &c., &c.\n\nThe Officer administering the Government of Hongkong,\n\nWith regard to the alteration which you suggest in the first paragraph of the Ordinance, I transmit to you a copy of a letter from the Treasury, to whom your despatch was referred, from which you will observe that it would not be proper to omit the word \"Silver\" from the first clause, although there would be no objection to the insertion of an additional clause, or to the passing of a further Ordinance to authorize the coinage of silver or copper Token Coins in Hongkong--I have the honor to be, Sir, your most obedient humble Servant,\n\nNEWCASTLE.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-097 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1864 [1-2] & Sir Robinson - 1864 [1-3].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 265482,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-112 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1866 [3-4]",
        "page_number": 402,
        "title": "CO129-112 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1866 [3-4]",
        "content_text": "201\n\nCanada three forms. \nThe forms of Oaths are administered: \nOne to the Executive Councillors, \nOne to the Legislative Councillors as prescribed by the local Act settling the Council, and one to the Members of the Assembly. \nThe simple Oath of Allegiance might possibly be substituted for each of the two latter without any harm, but that the Legislative Councillor is prescribed by Law in the Code of Canada.\n\nThis is generally speaking an illustration of the facts which are contained in the return.\n\nThat taken by Roman Catholics is thought to be the most calculated to create unpleasant considerations in the minds of that Body.\n\nFrom the African Settlements there is a return of Oaths taken which affects other Office holders besides Councillors - Aud...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-112 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1866 [3-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 273028,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867",
        "page_number": 586,
        "title": "CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867",
        "content_text": "about licensing gambling, nor would it suggest the idea that such a scheme was contemplated. He says that this intention was published on the 17th June of this year. Thus our charge is established: for before that date the Governor had, by private correspondence, obtained the desired ratification from the Home Government. The history of this measure, extracted from the colonial newspapers, is given length and without reservation at the commencement of this pamphlet. Immediately upon this measure being made public this year, a protest was made against it. Such protest would assuredly have been made last year had the government scheme been best known to the public then. That not a word of opposition was breathed from any quarter is conclusive proof that the project was kept secret.\n\n17\n\nCrime, wherein nine-tenths of the burglaries and daring crimes are planned.\n\nUndoubtedly there is a certain amount of illegal gambling always going on. That gambling is a fruitful source of crime is one of our arguments against the licensing system. Sir Richard admits that gambling will be increased under the proposed system. Therefore, the crimes committed by impoverished gamblers will increase also. There is a natural and necessary connection between the two.\n\n584\n\nThere is not, however, any natural and necessary connection between gambling houses and the lairs of criminals. If the criminal class can no longer assemble in gambling houses, they will find secret haunts elsewhere. Sir Richard will but \"change the place and keep the pain.\"\n\nAnyone unacquainted with the state of Hongkong might be led by Sir Richard's remarks to suppose that the Colony was driven by dire necessity to unusual measures of self-defence against robbers and burglars. But the public here generally admits that Hongkong was never so free from these crimes as within the last few months. This is owing, doubtless, to the energetic administration of the present Governor, to the wise regulations he has introduced for the Registration of the Chinese, and to the severe but salutary treatment of convicted criminals. Burglary, garrotting, and other crimes have been committed even in London. They are certainly not so much more frequent in Hongkong as to justify such an extraordinary preventive measure as the licensing of public gambling houses.\n\nIf corroboration were needed, section 9 of the Governor's reply furnishes a convincing proof. There Sir Richard states \"at least all the non-official members of the Council, so far back as the passing of the Ordinance last year, were well acquainted with and entirely approved of the alternative given to the Executive.\" From this, it appears that the Governor cannot venture to assert that at the Legislative Council knew of this scheme last year. All the non-official members knew it. But surely, had it been made public in the Legislative Council, all the official members, and the reporters of the press, must have had equal opportunity of knowledge with Messrs Whittall, Dent, and Gibb.\n\n(6) His Excellency's arguments in favour of licensing are three-\n\nThere are gangs of illegal gamblers who resort to secret lairs which are the schools and nurseries of crime.\n\nII—His Excellency's second argument is that the gambling house keepers will prove valuable assistants to the police in putting down illegal gambling.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 273162,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867",
        "page_number": 720,
        "title": "CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867",
        "content_text": "## \nthe licensing system. Sir Richard admits that gambling will be increased under the proposed system. Therefore the crimes committed by impoverished gamblers will increase also. There is a natural and necessary connection between the two.\n\nabout licensing gambling, nor would it suggest the idea that such a scheme was contemplated. He says that this intention was published on the 17th of this year. Thus our charge is established: for before that date the Governor had, by private correspondence, obtained the desired ratification from the Home Government. The history of this measure, extracted from the colonial newspapers, is given at length and without reservation at the commencement of this pamphlet. Immediately upon this measure being made public this year, a protest was made against it. Such protest would assuredly have been made last year had the government scheme been known to the public then. That not a word of opposition was breathed from any quarter is conclusive proof that the project was kept secret.\n\nThere is not, however, any natural and necessary connection between gambling houses and the lairs of criminals. If the criminal class can no longer assemble in gambling houses, they will find secret haunts elsewhere. Sir Richard will but \"change the place and keep the pain.\"\n\nIf corroboration were needed, section 9 of the Governor's reply furnishes a convincing proof. There Sir Richard states \"at least all the non-official members of the council, so far back as the passing of the Ordinance last year were well acquainted with and entirely approved of the alternative given to the Executive.\" From this it appears that the Governor cannot venture to assert that all the members of the Council knew of this scheme last year. All the non-official members knew it. But surely had it been made public in the Legislative Council, all the official members, and the reporters of the press, must have had equal opportunity of knowledge with Messrs Whittall, Dent and Gibb.\n\nAny one unacquainted with the state of Hongkong might be led by Sir Richard's remarks, to suppose that the Colony was driven by dire necessity to unusual measures of self defence against robbers and burglars. But the public here generally admits that Hongkong was never so free from these crimes as within the last few months. This is owing doubtless to the energetic administration of the present Governor, to the wise regulations he has introduced for the Registration of the Chinese, and to the severe but salutary treatment of convicted criminals. Burglary, garrotting and other crimes have been committed even in London. They are certainly not so much more frequent in Hongkong as to justify such an extraordinary preventive measure as the licensing of public gambling houses.\n\n### (6) His Excellency's arguments in favour of licensing are three:\n\n- There are gangs of illegal gamblers who resort to secret lairs which are the schools and nurseries of crime wherein nine-tenths of the burglaries and daring crimes are planned.\n\n## II-His Excellency's second argument is that the gambling house keepers will prove valuable assistants to the police in putting down illegal gambling.\n\nPage 720  \nPage 721",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 276939,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-135 - Public Offices & Others - 1868",
        "page_number": 239,
        "title": "CO129-135 - Public Offices & Others - 1868",
        "content_text": "admitted eleven duty free, and that on the remaining right, the duties levied, Except in the instance of sugar, were almost nominal. I did not pursue the Conversation any farther. I shall doubtless soon receive C1733. In 6584/14.\n\n70. Dee 237 9. 1867 Sir, On receipt of your letter, I have paid attention to the course Yr Loop's instructions as Tam to pursue in this matter. According to the Constitution of this Kingdom, the Convention if agreed upon at Washington, must be ratified by the King, & approved by the Legislative assembly.\n\nAs GE M. Cook, the U. S. Minister Resident, is hourly expected from Washington, he will possibly bring some information as to the possibility of such a Treaty being negotiated.\n\n(Signed) James H. Wodehouse\n\nletter c.87 of the 22nd Jan? last, Lord Stanley informed N. M. Consul Gen! at Honolulu that, when the proper time arrived, he should claim for his country, under the 4th Art of the Treaty between Gt Britain & the Sandwich Islands, that any privileges regards importations & exportations that may be granted to the U. S., by the Treaty then under consideration between that country...\n\nThe Secretary to the Board of Trade",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-135 - Public Offices & Others - 1868.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 277490,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-135 - Public Offices & Others - 1868",
        "page_number": 790,
        "title": "CO129-135 - Public Offices & Others - 1868",
        "content_text": "785\n\n16\n\nabout licensing gambling, nor would it suggest the idea that such a scheme was contemplated. He says that this intention was published on the 17th June of this year. Thus our charge is established for before that date the Governor had, by private correspondence, obtained the desired ratification from the Home Government. The history of this measure, extracted from the colonial newspapers, is given at length and without reservation at the commencement of this pamphlet. Immediately upon this measure being made public this year, a protest was made against it. Such protest would assuredly have been made last year had the government scheme been known to the public then. That not a word of opposition was breathed from any quarter is conclusive proof that the project was kept secret.\n\nIf corroboration were needed, section 9 of the Governor's reply furnishes a convincing proof. There Sir Richard states \"at least all the non-official members of the council, so far back as the passing of the Ordinance last year were well acquainted with and entirely approved of the alternative given to the Executive.\" From this it appears that the Governor cannot venture to assert that all the members of Council knew of this scheme last year. All the non-official members knew it. But surely had it been made public in the Legislative Council, all the official members, and the reporters of the press, must have had equal opportunity of knowledge with Messrs. Whittall, Dent and Gibb.\n\n(6) His Excellency's arguments in favour of licensing are three:---\n\nI---There are gangs of illegal gamblers who resort to secret lairs which are the schools and nurseries\n\n17\n\nof crime wherein nine-tenths of the burglaries and daring crimes are planned.\n\nUndoubtedly there is a certain amount of illegal gambling always going on. That gambling is a fruitful source of crime is one of our arguments against the licensing system. Sir Richard admits that gambling will be increased under the proposed system. Therefore the crimes committed by impoverished gamblers will increase also. There is a natural and necessary connection between the two.\n\nThere is not, however, any natural and necessary connection between gambling houses and the lairs of criminals. If the criminal class can no longer assemble in gambling houses, they will find secret haunts elsewhere. Sir Richard will but \"change the place and keep the pain.\"\n\nAny one unacquainted with the state of Hongkong might be led by Sir Richard's remarks, to suppose that the Colony was driven by dire necessity to unusual measures of self defence against robbers and burglars. But the public here generally admits that Hongkong was never so free from these crimes as within the last few months. This is owing doubtless to the energetic administration of the present Governor, to the wise regulations he has introduced for the Registration of the Chinese, and to the severe but salutary treatment of convicted criminals. Burglary, garrotting and other crimes have been committed even in London. They are certainly not so much more frequent in Hongkong as to justify such an extraordinary preventive measure as the licensing of public gambling houses.\n\nII---His Excellency's second argument is that the gambling house keepers will prove valuable assistants to the police in putting down illegal gambling.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-135 - Public Offices & Others - 1868.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 279358,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-139 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 394,
        "title": "CO129-139 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "// Detailed Stimate of \n\nReservoir at Pokeforhum.\n\n2 /. Detailed Colimate of cars\n\nCarriage road from Upper Rood to Sup above Race Course\n\nI The Survey of the line of Road being yet incomplete\n\nas\n\n20\n\ndetailed estimate has been attempted - the transmission\n\nof this enclosure is therefore delayed.\n\nA monsoni\n\nPG. 18.10.69\n\nEnclosure 8.10 in Governor Sir Richard Graves Macdonnell's Despatch No 807 of 18 October,\n\nJsh.\n\n++\n\nTHE CHINA MAIL.\n\nHONGKONG, FRIDAY, OCT. 1, 1869.\n\nLEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.\n\nThe Council met at 2 o'clock. Present H. E. the Governor, Hon. Colonial Secretary, Hon. Acting Chief Justice, Hon. Colonial Treasurer, Hon. Messrs. Keswick, Gibb, Taylor and Rowett.\n\nThe minutes of last meeting were read and confirmed.\n\nH. E. said that, before proceeding to the other business, he would lay on the table some important returns, as he thought all important returns should be laid on the table for the information of members of Council. The first (relating to piracy) had been prepared for the Home Government; and it was a remarkable document when it was remembered that it comprised piracies which were really reported in Hongkong. In view of the suppression of piracy and the legislation for that purpose,\n\nit was instructive and interesting to see what had been going on. These returns would be forwarded to Her Majesty's Government, and each member could examine them for himself. Altogether he considered that it was exceedingly satisfactory, when it was considered that formerly the reports of piracy were all sent to one office; as Mr Deane put it, the reports having been sent, prior to the year 1867, to offices of the Harbor Master and Registrar General as well as the Magistracy, the return showed probably only half the real number of piracies reported in the Colony previous to that date.\" The totals—from 34 reported in 1864, 50 in 1865, 25 in 1866, and 22 in 1867—had fallen to 14 in 1868, and to 5 for the nine months of this year Robbery in Chinese waters, which did not exactly mean what was generally conveyed in the word piracy, were never very numerous; and he was of opinion that the return was very satisfactory indeed. He regretted that not long since a foreign vessel had been attacked near Macao; but he was glad to say that the attacks upon foreign vessels were now very few and of rare occurrence. There was one important column, which showed (so far as could be hit upon) how many of the piracies had been planned in this Colony. He was of opinion that the character of the Colony had now been redeemed by the measures taken; and it could not be said that the measures put into operation were altogether barren of results.\n\nAnother return which he submitted to them was one showing the number of cases of larceny by servants for the last five years; and a more remarkable return was never laid on the table of any legislative assembly. It had been thought that the temptation to servants would be a serious drawback to the licensing of gambling; and a priori he was of the same opinion that this would really have been a very serious drawback to the measure of gambling licenses. On inquiry he found that such was not found to be the case at Macao, and he then thought that it also might not be so here. In the return the average for the quarter was given of cases reported at the Police Station as well as those convicted; and it was matter of certainty that the records of the Police Court were now very well kept, there were now no omissions, though there may have been formerly. The Council would note that the license system took effect on the 16th of September, 1867; and that before that date the average for the quarter in the years '65, '66, and '67, was respectively 86, 75, and 87. Immediately after the houses were licensed, the quarter presented 82 cases, as they had not then got the thing so well in hand as they afterward did; but then they subsequently improved, the four quarters of last year being 40, 21, 22, and 17. Then for this year, the figures shown were 16, 15 and 16—the lowest being 15; and it would appear that now the numbers had dropped down to the normal state in which larceny by servants always will remain independent of the existence of the gambling \"license.\n\nThis was a very unlooked-for result, and showed that the risk of detection was so great—he had often imposed fines when it was found that servants had lost money—that very few would care to try their luck; although some servants would be tempted to indulge. He had no reason to complain of the inspection which he had instituted; he had arranged that an inspector should visit each of the gambling-houses twice a-month, so as to keep the licensees on the qui vive; and as they did not know when the inspector might drop in, this object was effected in this way. The inspectors were perfectly independent of the licensees, and certain, au fait, for the work they had to do.\n\nYet another document had been laid on the table: it was a memo. of Mr Deane's touching the remarks which were recently published relating to crime in Hongkong and Shanghai. He wished that members might make any remarks they thought proper on this subject. The Anglo-American Municipal Council of Shanghai was a body of which he desired to speak with every respect, because under very difficult circumstances it had maintained order and good government so as to have been frequently held up and quoted as a model to others. It was no reflection whatever upon that body but this memo. was simply a search\n\nafter truth. The result arrived at showed that the remarks formerly referred to were so based upon erroneous data, that, while in Hongkong serious crimes were in a ratio of 1 per cent., Shanghai showed a ratio of 1 per cent, to the population.\n\nNEW BUILDING ORDINANCE.\n\nThe Governor then said that they had better resume where they had previously left off; and the most serious and the heaviest thing they had was the long Building Ordinance. In the absence of the Acting Attorney General (he was without an A. G., that officer seeming to have so much confidence in the Council as to believe that he could do without him), he would refer the bill to the Acting Chief Justice. It required a great deal of alteration and revision before it could pass professional muster as part of their legislation. A great deal had to be done to it; and it would be a question for members whether or not it would not be better to bring in a short ordinance, supplemental to the old ordinance, and embracing the chief points of improvement suggested by the new measure.\n\nThe Acting Chief Justice observed that it was with some diffidence he referred to matters of building; but the whole matter had been carefully looked into by the Council, and he was thereby partially relieved. He was of opinion that in matters touching the taste of the public, it would be a pity to interfere; and that supervision should not be extended beyond those things which were absolutely necessary for the safety of the public. Any idea that the Surveyor General would have the power of interfering as to details, would become intolerable. The Surveyor General had not that power by law, nor did he believe it had ever been or would be exerted; still a general feeling appeared to exist that more power was vested in him than was necessary. If there was one point more than another on which people would chafe and bear unpleasant feelings, it was any interference with taste in buildings. Some of the provisions of this ordinance had been taken from the other ordinance, some were taken from the Imperial Act, and others had been supplied from suggestions made. The bulk is from the old ordinance, and required great change; the members of the commission were not supposed to know, but in 1869 they might safely make many improvements upon the language used in the various sections, of what a nuisance meant, and how to proceed. They ought to do what they could, go through the Ordinance, and see what they should retain as necessary, and it would be very easy to frame those more in accordance with legal technical requirements; and then adjourn it. Or there was another alternative. The old ordinance had worked very fairly for the last 12 or 13 years; they might pass a\n\nshort ordinance of four or five sections with the improvements necessary and advisable.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-139 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [8-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 280937,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-142 - Public Offices & Others - 1869",
        "page_number": 420,
        "title": "CO129-142 - Public Offices & Others - 1869",
        "content_text": "about licensing gambling, nor would it suggest the idea that such a scheme was contemplated. He says that this intention was published on the 17th June of this year. Thus one charge is established: for before that date the Governor had, by private correspondence, obtained the desired ratification from the Home Government. The history of this measure, extracted from the colonial newspapers, is given at length and without reservation at the commencement of this pamphlet. Immediately upon this measure being made public this year, a protest was made against it. Such protest would assuredly have been made last year had the government scheme been known to the public then. That not a word of opposition was breathed from any quarter is conclusive proof that the project was kept secret.\n\nIf corroboration were needed, section 9 of the Governor's reply furnishes a convincing proof. There Sir Richard states \"at least all the non-official members of the council, so far back as the passing of the Ordinance last year were well acquainted with and entirely approved of the alternative given to the Executive.\" From this it appears that the Governor cannot venture to assert that all the members of Council knew of this scheme last year. All the non-official members knew it. But surely had it been made public in the Legislative Council, all the official members, and the reporters of the press, must have had equal opportunity of knowledge with Messrs. Whittall, Dent and Gibb.\n\n(6) His Excellency's arguments in favour of licensing are three:—\n\nI—There are gangs of illegal gamblers who resort to secret lairs which are the schools and nurseries\n\nof crime wherein nine-tenths of the burglaries and daring crimes are planned.\n\nUndoubtedly there is a certain amount of illegal gambling always going on. That gambling is a fruitful source of crime is one of our arguments against the licensing system. Sir Richard admits that gambling will be increased under the proposed system. Therefore the crimes committed by impoverished gamblers will increase also. There is a natural and necessary connection between the two.\n\nThere is not, however, any natural and necessary connection between gambling houses and the lairs of criminals. If the criminal class can no longer assemble in gambling houses, they will find secret haunts elsewhere, Sir Richard will but \"change the place and keep the pain.\"\n\nAny one unacquainted with the state of Hongkong might be led by Sir Richard's remarks, to suppose that the Colony was driven by dire necessity to unusual measures of self defence against robbers and burglars. But the public here generally admits that Hongkong was never so free from these crimes as within the last few months. This is owing doubtless to the energetic administration of the present Governor, to the wise regulations he has introduced for the Registration of the Chinese, and to the severe but salutary treatment of convicted criminals. Burglary, garrotting and other crimes have been committed even in London. They are certainly not so much more frequent in Hongkong as to justify such an extraordinary preventive measure as the licensing of public gambling houses.\n\nII—His Excellency's second argument is that the gambling house keepers will prove valuable assistants to the police in putting down illegal gambling.\n\nPage 420\n\nPage 421",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-142 - Public Offices & Others - 1869.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 282719,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-146 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1870 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 357,
        "title": "CO129-146 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1870 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "## THE HONGKONG GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 16TH APRIL, 1870.\n\nentirely unprepared to mark his grateful sense of these kind expressions of feeling, especially, too, at a time when one's feelings were more than usually susceptible. He would be most heartily ashamed of himself, however, if he could not thank them—though not in adequate language, at least with manner, spirit, and feeling adequate to the occasion. He deeply regretted that he had to leave without winding up affairs in so satisfactory a manner as he could have wished; but it was his intention to return. And, whether he returned or not, it would be found from the records, however misunderstood he may have occasionally been by parties who had not access to accurate information, that he had exhibited a laborious interest in the Colony's welfare. He had great satisfaction in thinking this would be so, though they had differed as to several points of policy—the Stamp Act and the Licenses, for instance. Nevertheless, he believed the majority of the Community and the Council would now admit themselves in favor of these on the whole. He had always adopted a straightforward course of action, and sought to conceal nothing. It had been said by some—for it happened to suit them to say so—that the Council does not represent the public feeling of the Colony; but he denied the fact, and also that the public were not fairly represented. There were four unofficial members; and they had been chosen partly because they were known to hold views on certain questions opposed to his own, as his correspondence with the Secretary of State would show. So little desirous was he to assume autocratic powers, that he had never influenced a member as to how he should vote; and he would say that none were better able than those now in the unofficial seats of the Council, to exercise a salutary influence. The influence of the Council was quite as great as that of any elective or non-elective assembly elsewhere; and the Estimates were always the estimates of the united Council, though as in every assembly, there must at times necessarily be a few points on which they could not all agree.\n\nIf the members had not interfered with his policy often, it was because they well knew there was no one actuated by a more thorough desire to advance the best interests of the Colony, than the Governor himself. He had again to thank them on his own behalf, and more especially on behalf of Lady MacDonnell, who would be much gratified by their kind allusions to her. He hoped they would meet again, and have as good results to show as they had had this day. He begged them to excuse these very imperfect remarks, as he had not his former strength.\n\nHis Excellency then adjourns the Council at 10 minutes past 6 o'clock.\n\nRead and confirmed, this 13th Day of April, 1870.\n\n**L. D'ALMADA E CASTRO**,  \nClerk of Councils.\n\n**H. W. WHITFEILD**,  \nLieutenant-Governor.\n\n## SUPREME COURT OF HONGKONG.\n\n### REGULA GENERALIS.\n\n**ANNO TRICESIMO TERTIO,  \nVICTORIE REGINA.**\n\n13th April, 1870.\n\nWhereas by Section XXIII of Ordinance No. 6 of 1845, it is enacted that it shall be lawful for the Supreme Court to make and prescribe Rules and Orders, among other things, touching the Place of holding the Court; And Whereas it is expedient that the Sittings of the Court should be held at the Building hereinafter mentioned, during the Period necessary for executing certain Repairs to the Supreme Court House of the Colony: It is therefore ordered, that the Sittings of the Supreme Court of Hongkong in its Common Law, Equitable, Bankruptcy, and Probate Jurisdictions, respectively, also in its Criminal Sessions and in Vice-Admiralty and in all other its Jurisdictions, shall be held from this Date and until further Order of this Court, at and in the Building situate and being Number Seven, Queen's Road Central, in the City of Victoria.\n\nBy the Court,  \nNo. 6.\n\n[L.S.] **H. W. WHITFEILD**.\n\n## PROCLAMATION.\n\n349\n\n185\n\nBy His Excellency **HENRY WASE WHITFEILD**, Major-General Commanding Her Majesty's Troops in China and Japan, and Lieutenant-Governor of the Colony of Hongkong and its Dependencies.\n\nWhereas under and by virtue of Section III of the \"Chinese Passengers Act, 1855,\" His Excellency **SIR RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL**, C.B., Governor of the said Colony, did on the 2nd Day of April, 1870, under his Hand and Seal, Proclaim that certain Medicines and Medical Comforts in the said Proclamation mentioned should from and after the date thereof be added to and comprised within the Scale of Medicines and Medical Comforts contained in Schedule 4 of the said Act; And Whereas the said Proclamation was duly published in the Hongkong Government Gazette of the 2nd Day of April, 1870; And Whereas it is expedient to revoke and cancel the said Proclamation for the purpose of embodying hereafter certain Chinese Medicines in the Scale of Medicines to be carried by Chinese Passengers Ships:\n\nNow therefore, I, the said **HENRY WASE WHITFEILD**, as such Lieutenant-Governor as aforesaid, by virtue of the Powers and Authorities in me vested in that behalf, do hereby Declare that the said Proclamation of the 2nd Day of April, 1870, is hereby revoked and cancelled.\n\nGiven under my Hand and the Public Seal of the Colony, at Victoria, Hongkong, this Sixteenth Day of April, 1870.\n\nBy His Excellency's Command,  \nNo. 40.\n\n**J. GARDINER AUSTIN**,  \nColonial Secretary.\n\n**GOD SAVE THE QUEEN.**\n\n## GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.\n\nThe following Report from the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police for the Year 1869, is published for general information.\n\nBy Command,  \nColonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 11th April, 1870.\n\nNo. 68.\n\n1869.\n\n**J. GARDINER AUSTIN**,  \nColonial Secretary.\n\n### VICTORIA, HONGKONG, 30th March, 1870.\n\nSir,\n\nI have the honor to submit the crime Return called for in C.S.O. No. 609 of 1st December.\n\n2. I also enclose the annual Report of this Department, with Appendices, for the year ending 31st December, 1869, and a comparative statement of offences reported to have been committed during the six months ending 31st December, 1865, and the six months ending 31st December, 1869; which was called for by His Excellency the Governor. From the latter, it will be seen that not only have serious offences decreased 51.0 per cent and minor offences 45.6 during these four years, but the working of the Police as tested by the percentages of persons convicted and discharged has greatly improved.\n\n3. During the present year, the telegraph line has been commenced; the Gap and West-Point circuits are already finished, and, before many days, Captain Shaw expects to have the Shau'-ki-wan line complete.\n\n4. The scheme which I proposed for the classification of the Chinese contingent came into force on the 1st instant. Besides resulting in a considerable saving to Government, the prospect of promotion, which did not before exist, will, I think, improve the working of the men.\n\n5. Since the beginning of the year, I have increased the duty of men at outstations from 6 to 8 hours daily. During the Chinese New-Year, the men in Victoria cheerfully performed eight hours' work, and for 14 days, two-thirds of the whole force was out from 10 P.M. until 6 A.M.; but the regular duty of men at head-quarters, who have Drill, School, Police Court, Fire Brigade inspections, &c., to attend, cannot be permanently increased.\n\nI have the honor to be,  \n**W. H. ALEXANDER**,  \nRegistrar.\n\nThe Honorable **J. GARDINER AUSTIN**,  \nColonial Secretary, &c., &c.\n\nRevised and Approved by the Legislative Council, this 13th Day of April, 1870.\n\n**L. D'ALMADA E CASTRO**,  \nClerk of Councils.\n\nSir,\n\nYour most obedient Servant,  \n**C. VANDELEUR CREAGH**,  \nActing Captain Superintendent.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-146 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1870 [10-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 285332,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-151 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1871 [7-8]",
        "page_number": 334,
        "title": "CO129-151 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1871 [7-8]",
        "content_text": "# VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATIVE 331 \n## COUNCIL OF HONGKONG.\n### No. 3 OF 1871.\n#### THURSDAY, 30TH MARCH, 1871.\n\n## PRESENT:\n\nHis Excellency Major-General WITFEILD, Lieutenant-Governor.  \nThe Honorable the Chief Justice (**JOHN SMALE**).  \nThe Honorable the Colonial Secretary (**JOHN GARDINER AUSTIN**).  \nThe Honorable the Attorney General (**JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE**).  \nThe Honorable the Acting Colonial Treasurer (**CECIL CLEMENTI SMITH**).  \nThe Honorable **HENRY JOHN BALL**.  \nThe Honorable **PHINEAS RYKIE**.  \nThe Honorable **RICHARD ROWETT**.  \nThe Honorable **WILLIAM KESWICK**.\n\n## ABSENT:\n\nThe Council meets this day at 11 A.M., pursuant to adjournment.\n\nThe Minutes of the Sittings of Council held on the 27th instant, are read and confirmed.\n\nThe Council then resolves itself into a Committee, and resumes Consideration of the Bill relating to the Court of Summary Jurisdiction.\n\nThe Honorable The Attorney General explains the remaining Clauses of the Bill, and the same are discussed Clause by Clause and amended.\n\nClauses 45 and 46 are struck out, and some new Clauses substituted and added in various parts of the Bill.\n\nThe Honorable **RICHARD ROWETT** suggests that some Provision should be introduced into the Bill for Trial by Jury in the Court of Summary Jurisdiction in certain cases.\n\nDiscussion follows.\n\nThe Attorney General states that if The Honorable The Chief Justice has no objection to the Power being conferred upon him of exercising Summary Jurisdiction under the Provisions of the Ordinance in cases over $500 and not exceeding $2,000, he is prepared with two new Clauses which would perhaps meet the views of the Council generally, by enabling Suitors to have cases within those limits decided much more rapidly and inexpensively than at present, and at the same time would empower Suitors in the Summary Jurisdiction Court to have any case tried summarily before The Chief Justice and a Jury, if the Chief Justice should think it a fitting case to be so tried.\n\nThe Bill as amended, and the two new Clauses suggested by the Attorney General are ordered to be printed, and circulated among the Members of Council.\n\nHis Excellency adjourns the Council at 20 Minutes past 1 o'clock, till 3 P.M.\n\n### 3 P.M. PRESENT:\n\nHis Excellency The Lieutenant-Governor and the same Honorable Members, who re-assemble pursuant to adjournment.\n\nThe Honorable The Colonial Secretary, by Command of His Excellency, brings to the notice of the Council certain Items of Expenditure requiring Legislative sanction; and the same being explained in detail and acquiesced in, the following Resolutions are agreed to; namely:-\n\n1. Resolved that the following Sums be placed on the Supplementary Estimates for 1870-\n| Item | Amount |\n| --- | --- |\n| For additional Quarters for the Gaol Staff | 884.39 |\n| For Docking and Repairing the Gunpowder Depôt Hulk | 1,064.52 |\n| For Stationery sent by the Crown Agents in 1869 | 570.00 |\n| For Repairs to the Praya | $10.54 |\n\n2. Resolved that the following Sums be placed on the Supplementary Estimates for 1871:-\n| Item | Amount |\n| --- | --- |\n| For Educational Contingencies | 250.00 |\n| For Incidental Expenses at Lock Hospital | 360.00 |\n| For Building Police Boats | 00.00 |\n| For Construction of a New Roof at Government House | 10,000.00 |\n| For Small Pox Ward at Stone Cutter's Island | 1,100.00 |\n| For Repairs at Central Market | 1,600.00 |\n| For Additions to the Crown Solicitor's Office | 750.00 |\n| For Reimbursement to the Mess and Secret Service Funds of the Police Department | 432.70 |\n| For Construction of New Police Station at Showkowan | 12,200.00 |\n| For Construction of Police Station at Causeway Bay | 5,950.00 |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-151 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1871 [7-8].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 288328,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-158 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 273,
        "title": "CO129-158 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "Donghong.\n\nNo S S\n\n18th\n\nGraverma\n\nJuly\n\n872.\n\nSir Arthur Kennedy, Home, B\n\nto\n\nThe Right Honorable The Earl of Kimberley\n\nof Kimberlay\n\nPierst.\n\nSuperintendent of the Govt. at the principal\n\nDraws attention to the salary of the - which is\n\nby fees...\n\nSuggests\n\nper\n\nannum\n\nsupplemented\n\nincrease of £200 to be given in\n\nview of fees.\n\nORDINANCE No. 7 OF 1868.\n\nJurors and Juries.\n\nSir Richard GRAVES MACDONNELL, Knight, C.B., Governor and Commander-in-Chief.\n\nNo. 7 of 1868.\n\nAn Ordinance enacted by the Governor of Hongkong, with the Advice of the Legislative Council thereof, for amending the Laws relative to Jurors and Juries.\n\n[23rd May, 1868.]\n\nWHEREAS it is expedient to amend the Laws relative to\n\nJurors and Juries:-Be it enacted by the Governor of Hongkong, with the Advice of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows:\n\nTitle.\n\nPreamble.\n\nI. There shall be added to Section XII of Ordinance No. 11\n\nof 1864, the words following, that is to say:-\" Provided always\n\nthat it shall be lawful for the Registrar to open the Ballot Box\n\nand draw fresh Names therefrom as often as may be necessary to\n\nsecure the full Number of Thirty Jurors at the Criminal Sessions.\"\n\nSection 12 of\n\nOrdinance No.\n\n11 of 1864\n\namended by\n\nRegistrar may\n\nopen Box in order to secure requisite number.\n\nII. Section XXII of Ordinance No. 11 of 1864, is hereby\n\nrepealed, and the words following shall be substituted for such\n\nSection, and shall be henceforth read as if the same had been\n\noriginally inserted therein:-\"After the Jury in any case shall\n\nhave been sworn, or charged with any Prisoner, they shall be kept\n\nin some convenient Place in Court apart by themselves,\n\nretirement of individual Jurors for personal purposes only excepted,\n\nand then in charge of an Officer of the Court, until the Chief Justice\n\nor other presiding Judge has summed up the Evidence, and has left\n\nthe case with the Jury. Provided that in case and as often as the\n\nCourt shall adjourn before the case shall have been so left with the\n\nJury, then such Jury may as often as the Court shall direct be removed\n\nin charge of an Officer of the Court to some convenient Place there\n\nto take refreshment and rest until the Court shall re-assemble and\n\nsuch Officer shall be sworn that he will suffer none save himself to\n\nspeak to or to communicate with them without the express leave of\n\nthe Court. If after the case shall have been so left to the Jury, any\n\nsuch Jury shall desire to withdraw for the purpose of considering\n\ntheir Verdict, then they shall be kept by such Officer of the Court\n\nin some convenient Place apart by themselves with power to retire\n\nalone only for personal purposes until they are agreed upon their\n\nVerdict, or be discharged therefrom by the Court; and the Officer\n\nshall be sworn that he will suffer none to have access to them, or\n\nspeak to them, and that he will not speak to them himself except to\n\nask whether they are agreed upon\n\n(3 Enclosures\n\n261\n\n8977\n\n72\n\nPage 261\n\n...\n\nPage 261",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-158 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [6-8].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 288453,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-158 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 398,
        "title": "CO129-158 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "Wanghong No 68\n\n10th August, 1895.\n\nGarenner\n\nIn Arthur Kennedy, Hamby, B\n\nA i\n\nThe Night Honorable\n\nThe foul of Kimbal,\n\nof Kumbalay\n\nImance Committee of digislative Commal.\n\nthe appointment\n\nReports\n\nthe system in force?\n\nMauritius\n\nof a\n\nin\n\n1 Enclosure\n\ni\n\n386\n\nq\n\n{\n\nRules for the Finance Committee of the Legislative Council.\n\n1. That a Finance Committee, open to all Members, be constituted.\n\n2. That three Members shall form a Quorum at each Meeting, when the Senior Member present shall preside.\n\n3. That the Committee shall assemble at such times as they may be summoned for the despatch of business.\n\n4. That the Committee shall have power to entertain such financial questions only as may be submitted for consideration by the Governor.\n\nPassed the Legislative Council of Hongkong, this 23rd Day of July, 1872.\n\nI.. D'ALMADA E CASTRO,\n\nClerk of Councils.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-158 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [6-8].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 297228,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-172 - Public Offices & Others - 1875",
        "page_number": 326,
        "title": "CO129-172 - Public Offices & Others - 1875",
        "content_text": "It appears that communication without further discussion with Ms. or affording them the opportunity of replying to the observations contained in the French Mem., the Bill has been laid on the Table of the Assembly to enable the French Government to ratify the Treaty, it may be inferred has been introduced at the present moment in order to obtain the acquiescence of other parties to the Treaty before it is adjourned or discussed.\n\nIt is unnecessary that I should direct attention to the fact that the French Government were but little prepared for the sudden action taken with the view, it must be interpreted, of bringing to a sudden close a practice which had been under the exception of necessity existing, but which had been modified by the language of the French Government being calculated to hope might be assented to the satisfaction of both parties.\n\nA friendly interchange of communications had taken place between the Deputy, YE, and the French Deputy on this all-important question. It was therefore with considerable surprise and disappointment that I received from him the intimation that the Bill for the ratification of the Treaty had been laid upon the Table of the Legislative Assembly.\n\nPage 319",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-172 - Public Offices & Others - 1875.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 301530,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-180 - Public Offices & Others - 1877",
        "page_number": 143,
        "title": "CO129-180 - Public Offices & Others - 1877",
        "content_text": "## DOMESTIC\n\nfor joint Protocol in regard to \nPark of England and \nVortigal in regard \nWe Premises of \nthe Chinese Customs \nAuthorities \nin the \nneighborhood of \nAnkers and \nHong Kong.\n\nby Hay \nOffice or Individual. \nHong Kong \nNo. 2626 \n(Subject.) \nRECEIVED \n6 MAR 1877 \n137 \n\n| Date | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1877 Mar 5 | Foreign Office Expenses of Establishments made in execution by the French in virtue of their Treaties with Annam. Forwards an extract from the \"Journal Officiel\" a bill passed by the Legislative Assembly with explanatory note (Exposé des motifs) with which French Government has laid before the Senate, Chamber of Deputies with reference to... |\n\n(Minutes.) \nThis may be useful when we want to defend in Jesare note for the Falklands, Helgeland, Perak coast, etc.\nSW D. March 6. \nPut by 7/3 \n6rms. 10 | 76-II & $2455",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-180 - Public Offices & Others - 1877.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 302675,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-182 - Governor Hennessy - 1878 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 196,
        "title": "CO129-182 - Governor Hennessy - 1878 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "# [No. 4.]\n\n## POLICE COURT, HONGKONG, 190\n\nReturn of Public Floggings ordered by the Magistrates, from 1st of June, 1872, to 31st of May, 1877.\n\n4th February, 1863. * SIR,--An Ordinance being now before the Legislative Council to amend Ordinance 6 of 1862, we have the honour to place before you, for submission to His Excellency the Acting Governor, the following observations relating to the said amendment.\n\n1st. The offences of embezzlement and obtaining money or goods by false pretences are not included in the class of offences punishable summarily by the Magistrates, and it not unfrequently occurs that petty cases in which the broad distinction of each offence is clearly marked come under notice and which, it appears to us, would be sufficiently punished by the powers given to the Magistrates. An exception can be made with regard to the more serious class of embezzlements (as excepted in the repealed Petty Sessions Ordinance.)\n\n2nd. The general term \"Larceny\" is used in the amendment, and a question may arise if this term would include compound larcenies as larceny from the person and larceny from the dwelling house.\n\n3rd. It appears especially desirable that similar power should be given to the Magistrates (as is given in England by the Juvenile Offenders Act, 13 and 14 Vic., cap. 37) to award the punishment of flogging to boys under the age of 14 for the offence of larceny, in lieu of or in addition to imprisonment.\n\n4th. It also appears to us that it is eminently desirable that the Magistrates should have the power of awarding the punishment of flogging in addition to imprisonment to male offenders committing larcenies of an aggravated character, as exhibited in letter from this Department `No. 17`, dated 20th August, 1862.\n\n5th. The subject of deportation seems deserving to be brought under consideration. At present deportation of mendicants and persons dangerous to the Colony is effected--the first mentioned under `Ordinance 7 of 1859`, and the second under `Ordinance 8 of 1858`, sec. 21 and `Ordinance 9 of 1857`, sec. 7. Under the repealed `Petty Sessions Ordinance 1 of 1849`, sec. 14, power was given to that Court to deport mendicants and persons convicted of felony, &c.; the provisions of this section very much simplified and facilitated the administration of justice and always worked well. We consider that were the same powers placed in the hands of the Magistrates, it would have a beneficial tendency.\n\nWe have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour most obedient Servants,\n**C. MAY**,\n**Jous C. WHITE**,\n\n## OFFENCES FOR WHICH FLOGGING CAN BE LEGALLY ORDERED.\n\n| Offences | From 1st June, 1872, to 31st May, 1873 | From 1st June, 1873, to 31st May, 1874 | From 1st June, 1874, to 31st May, 1875 | From 1st June, 1875, to 31st May, 1876 | From 1st June, 1876, to 31st May, 1877 | Total Number brought before the Magistrates | Total Number Flogged Publicly |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Assaults at or in connection with riotous assemblages | 13 | 44 | 8 | 48 | 30 |  |  |\n| Assaults, indecent |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| Assaults in brothels |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| Indecent exposure of person by bathing or otherwise | 1 | 15 | 1 | 15 | 29 |  |  |\n| Malicious injuries to property | 47 | 392 | 31 | 978 |  |  |  |\n| Nuisances, Obeying calls of nature on any way or in any public exposed or other improper place to the annoyance of others |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| Assaults with intent to rob |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| Fire, for not aiding at, larceny, or any other offence punishable as simple larceny committed by boys | 25 | 48 | 15 | 47 | 22 |  |  |\n| TOTAL | 86 | 295 |  |  |  |  |  |\n|  |  |  | 68 | 295 | 81 | 987 | 18 |\n|  |  |  |  |  |  | 320.00 | 6 |\n|  |  |  |  |  |  | 528 | 5 |\n| Yearly Average of Five years |  |  |  |  |  | 28.40 | 0.2 |\n|  |  |  |  |  |  | 61.44 | 2.8 |\n| Average Number Flogging |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| from 1st June, 1877, to 31st May, 1878 | 21.60 | 82.20 | 0.4 | 5 | 6.40 |  | 0.2 |\n|  | 3R | 0.08 | 0.2 | 27 | 1 |  | 0.2 |\n|  |  |  |  | 22 | 81 | 1 | 0.2 |\n|  |  |  |  |  |  | 114 |  |\n|  | 36.60 | 0.8 | 52 | 61.44 | 2.8 |  |  |\n|  |  |  |  |  |  | 028.06 | 5.2 |\n\n* Private Flogging only is authorised by `Ordinance 16 of 1875`.\n\nMagistracy, Hongkong, 23rd July, 1878.\n\n**C. V. CREAGH**,\nActing Police Magistrate.\n\nIt is evident that, judging from the number of cases brought to trial, no increase has taken place.\n\n**C. V. CREAGH**, Acting Police Magistrate.\n\n25th July, 1878.\n\nTo the Honourable **W. H. ALEXANDER**,\nActing Colonial Secretary.\n\n## [No. 30.]\n\n## Police Magistrates [No. 164.]\n\n## MAGISTRACY, HONGKONG,\n8th July, 1878.\n\nSIR--In reference to your letter of the 30th May last, I have the honour to enclose, for the information of His Excellency the Governor, a table shewing the total number of offences for which the Magistrates are empowered to flog, which have been adjudicated upon during the last three years in this Court, and also the number of cases in which Public Flogging formed part of the sentence.\n\nThe last two columns of the return shew the total number of such offences brought to trial during the first half of 1877, while Public Flogging was still in force, compared with the total for the corresponding months of the present year, after its discontinuance.\n\nThe total of the first of these being 96, compared with 92 the total for the first half of the present year, it is evident that, judging from the records of this Court, no increase has taken place in the crimes referred to, since the abolition of Public Flogging.\n\nThe Honourable **J. M. PRICE**,\nActing Colonial Secretary,\n&c., &c.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour most obedient Servant,\n**C. V. CREAGH**, Acting Police Magistrate.\n\n## VICTORIA, HONGKONG, 18th July, 1878.\n\nSIR--In reply to your letter `No. 331` of 30th April, 1878, I have the honour to forward a return of certain offences reported to the Police from June 1st, 1874, to May 31st, 1877, and from June 1st, 1877, to May 31st, 1878; the punishment for which might be Public Flogging.\n\n2. `Ordinance 12 of 1865` authorises the Supreme Court to order the Public or Private Flogging of any male person convicted of a crime, who at the time of the committal thereof shall have been armed with any offensive weapon or instrument, or who at the time of or immediately after the commission thereof shall have wounded, beat, struck, or used any personal violence to any other person, or who shall at any of the times aforesaid by any means whatsoever have attempted to render any person insensible, unconscious, or incapable of resistance.\n\n3. The returns of this Department are not made out with reference to the punishment, actual or possible, of offenders; but are confined to the mention of the alleged crime and the fact of the conviction first reported to the Police, and when afterwards investigated at the Courts, often differ materially. To make up the return now called for has involved the perusal of some 9,000 pages of manuscript daily reports.\n\n4. Besides the offences subject to the provisions of `Ordinance 12 of 1865`, Public Flogging can be inflicted for kidnapping children, but as only males can be flogged, and this is an offence in which women often are culprits, it is obviously impossible to say, when no arrest has been made, whether or not the offender was liable to Public Flogging. I have therefore omitted cases of this class.\n\n5. Similarly with regard to cases committed a second time or under aggravated circumstances, for which `Ordinance 15 of 1875`, § VII, authorises a Magistrate to order Public Flogging, viz.:-\n(a.) Indecent assault.\n(b) Indecent exposure of person.\n(c.) Assault with intent to rob.\n(d.) Common assault committed in a brothel.\n(e.) Common assault committed at or in connection with any riotous assembly.\nMalicious injury of property.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-182 - Governor Hennessy - 1878 [9-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 306004,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-188 - Governor Hennessy - 1880 [5-6]",
        "page_number": 227,
        "title": "CO129-188 - Governor Hennessy - 1880 [5-6]",
        "content_text": "# HONGKONG, MAY 26TH, 1880.\n\n## QUEEN'S BIRTHDAY AT GOVERNMENT HOUSE.\n\nHis Royal Highness Prince Heinrich of Germany, as Her Majesty's Grandson, and His Excellency Sir John Pope Hennessy, K.C.M.G., as the Queen's Representative in the Colony, received on the 24th instant, as joint hosts, at Government House, on Her Majesty's Birthday, His Royal Highness Prince Thomas of Savoy, Duke of Genoa, at a State dinner, and subsequently their Royal Highnesses, with His Excellency the Governor and Lady Hennessy, received the Naval, Military, and Civil officers, the Foreign Consuls and a number of the British, foreign, and native residents in celebration of the day.\n\nA Royal Guard of Honour of the 27th Inniskillings, under the command of Captain Carr (with the Band and the Queen's Colours), was drawn up at the principal entrance to Government House, the front of which, as well as the garden surrounding, was brilliantly illuminated with Chinese lanterns and gas jets. H.R.H. Prince Heinrich and H.E. the Governor received His Royal Highness the Duke of Genoa, on his arrival and after the invited guests, who had previously assembled in the drawing-room, had been introduced to His Royal Highness, the party filed into the dining-hall. H.R.H. Prince Heinrich was attended by Baron von Seckendorff, and Captain MacLean, of H.M. frigate `Prinz Adalbert`. H.R.H. Prince Thomas of Savoy was attended by Count Candiani, A.D.C., and Captain Millelire of H.M.S. `Piemonte`.\n\nThe following is a list of the other guests who sat down to the banquet with their Royal Highnesses.\n\n| Guest | Designation |\n| --- | --- |\n| H.E. Dr. Elmore |  |\n| His Honour Sir John Smale | Chief Justice |\n| Lady Smale |  |\n| Captain East | H.M.S. `Conus`, Senior Naval Officer |\n| Hon. B. L. O'Malley | Attorney-General |\n| Hon. J. M. Price | Surveyor-General |\n| Hon. M. S. Tonnochy | Acting Colonial Treasurer |\n| Hon. Ng Choy | Member of Legislative Council |\n| His Honour Mr. Justice Snowden |  |\n| Deputy Inspector-General Breen | R.N. |\n| Mrs. Breen |  |\n| Dr. Ayres | Colonial Surgeon |\n| Mrs. Ayres |  |\n| Rev. W. Jennings | Colonial Chaplain |\n| Mrs. Jennings |  |\n| Dr. Eitel | Inspector of Schools |\n| Mrs. Eitel |  |\n| Mr. Creagh | Acting Head of the Police Force |\n| Mr. J. P. McEuen | R.N., Acting Harbour-master |\n| Mr. Gerrard | Acting Registrar-General |\n| Mr. Gibbons | Registrar of Supreme Court |\n| Captain Carr | 27th Regiment (the Officers of the Guard of Honour) |\n| Lieutenant Cox | 27th Regiment (the Officers of the Guard of Honour) |\n| Captain Francis | Hongkong Volunteers, extra Aids-de-Camp |\n\nThe Band of Her Majesty's 27th Inniskillings played at intervals during the banquet. The only toast of the evening was given by Prince Thomas of Savoy, who proposed \"The health of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland,\" and, addressing Prince Heinrich, added: \"Sir, Your Royal Grandmother.\" The Band played the National Anthem, and soon after the party adjourned to the Reception Room, which was presently filled with ladies and gentlemen attending the general reception.\n\nThe officers of the 27th Inniskillings came in body, with Lieutenant-Colonel Geddes, and were amongst the earliest presented. There was also a number of officers of Her Majesty's Navy and of the foreign ships of war in harbour, amongst whom were distinguished the officers of H.P.M.S. `Tejo`, who specially attended by order of H.E. the Governor of Macao. The Consular Body was also well represented. The whole assembly presented a most striking *tout ensemble* of Anglo-Oriental society, the uniforms of Her Majesty's Army and Navy and of the Consular Officers, glittering in scarlet and gold, being well set off by the soft yellow and embroidered court dresses of Chinese gentlemen, the richly coloured turbans and flowing robes of Mahomedans and Parsees, amid the fashionable costumes of European ladies.\n\nThe presentation lasted for more than an hour. In the course of the reception H.R.H. Prince Heinrich expressed to Mr. Sassoon and Mr. Belilios his regret that he would not be able to travel through India. He spoke also a few kindly words to the leading Chinese merchants Mr. Tan King-sing, Mr. Li Tak-cheung, Mr. Tung Ming-shan, and others.\n\nTheir Royal Highnesses left about half-past ten o'clock, whereupon dancing commenced soon after and was kept up till midnight, when the assembly broke up, after having enjoyed one of the most brilliant receptions ever held in the Government House of Hongkong.\n\nPage 223",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-188 - Governor Hennessy - 1880 [5-6].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 308617,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-192 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 607,
        "title": "CO129-192 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "292\n\nORDINANCES Nos. 2. AND 3. OF 1864,\n\nC. 9.\n\n596\n\nORDINANCES Nos. 5. AND 6. OF 1865.\n\n*447\n\nAnd any other Returns required by the Governor.\n\nSpecimen Pieces to be taken at uncertain Times in each Quarter, and forwarded to Master of the Royal Mint in London for Examination. Quarterly Survey to be held of the Bullion and Coin in the Mint.\n\nSalaries to be added to Civil List.\n\nSalaries of other Officers to be fixed by the Governor and placed on the annual Estimates.\n\nTitle.\n\nPreamble.\n\nMint.\n\nRevenue.\n\n(7.) Weight of each Description of Coin delivered to the Public, and the Amount, if any, charged for coining;\n\n(8.) Copy of the Reports of the Assay of Coin;\n\n(9.) Number and Description of Dies received or completed during the Quarter, of Dies worn out, of Dies effectually defaced, and of serviceable Dies in Hand;\n\n(10.) A Return, showing the Waste during the Quarter, distinguishing the Waste arising in melting, in refining, in coining, and in assaying.\n\nAnd he shall forward any other Returns which the Governor or Officer administering the Government of the Colony may require.\n\nVII. That with a View to ensure the careful Observance of the Standard in the Coin the Governor or Officer administering the Government of the Colony shall cause to be taken at uncertain Times during each Quarter from amongst the Coins issued at the Mint to the Public, without Preference in the Selection, Specimen Pieces, and that such Specimens shall be forwarded from Time to Time to the Master of the Royal Mint in London for such Examination as the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury may direct.\n\nVIII. That the Governor or Officer administering the Government of the Colony shall direct a Board of Government Officers not less than three in Number, to assemble at the Mint at the Expiration of each Quarter for the Inspection of the Store of Bullion and Coin in the Mint, and report on the same to him, stating the exact Amounts of the Balance of each Description verified by them.\n\nIX. That the Salaries specified as under shall be added to the Civil List:\n\nThe Master of the Mint, $6,720 Per Annum.\n\nThe Superintendent of the Bullion Office, $3,810\n\nThe Assayer, $3,840\n\nThe Superintendent of the Coining Department, $3,840\n\nThe Superintendent of the Melting Department, $3,840\n\nX. That such other Officers and Servants of the Mint as may be appointed shall be paid such Salaries as may be fixed by the Governor or Officer administering the Government of the Colony, with the Approval of the Secretary of State, and that such Salaries shall be borne on the Annual Estimates.\n\nNo. 3. of 1864.\n\nAn Ordinance to authorize the appropriation of a Supplementary Sum not exceeding One hundred and fifty-two thousand Dollars to defray the Charges of the Year 1863. [29th March, 1864.]\n\nWHEREAS it has become necessary to make further Provision for the Public Service of the Colony for the Year 1863, in addition to the Charge upon the Revenue for the Service of the said Year already provided for in the Estimates submitted\n\nAccessories and Abettors. Forgery.\n\nRecognizances and to find Sureties, both or either, for keeping the Peace, in addition to such Punishment: Provided that no Person shall be imprisoned under this Clause for any Period exceeding One Year.\n\nAs to Accessories generally.\n\nV. If any principal Offender shall be in anywise convicted of any Felony, it shall be lawful to proceed against any Accessory, either before or after the Fact, in the same Manner as if such principal Offender had been attainted thereof, notwithstanding such principal Felon shall die, or be pardoned, or otherwise delivered before Attainder; and every such Accessory shall upon Conviction suffer the same Punishment as he would have suffered if the Principal had been attainted.\n\nVI. Any Number of Accessories at different Times to any Felony, and any Number of Receivers at different Times of Property stolen at One Time, may be charged with substantive Felonies in the same Indictment or Information, and may be tried together, notwithstanding the principal Felon shall not be included in the same Indictment or Information, or shall not be in Custody or amenable to Justice\n\nVII. Whosoever shall aid, abet, counsel, or procure the Commission of any Misdemeanor, whether the same be a Misdemeanor at Common Law or by virtue of any Ordinance passed or to be passed, shall be liable to be indicted, tried, and punished as a principal Offender.\n\nVIII. This Ordinance shall commence and take effect on the Fourteenth Day of June, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Sixty-five.\n\n4\n\nNo. 6. OF 1865.\n\nAn Ordinance to consolidate and amend the Enactments in Force in this Colony relating to indictable Offences by Forgery.\n\n[3rd June, 1865.]\n\nWHEREAS it is expedient to consolidate and amend the Enactments in Force in this Colony relating to indictable Offences by Forgery: Be it enacted by His Excellency the Governor of Hongkong, with the Advice of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows:\n\nAs to forging Her Majesty's Seals, &c.\n\n1. Whosoever shall forge or counterfeit, or shall utter, knowing the same to be forged or counterfeited, the Great Seal of the United Kingdom, Her Majesty's Privy Seal, any Privy Signet or Sign Manual of Her Majesty, or any of Her Majesty's Seals appointed by the Twenty-fourth Article of the Union with Scotland, or the Public Seal of the Colony, shall be guilty of a Felony.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-192 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [1-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 311407,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-197 - Governor Hennessy - 1882 [1-2]",
        "page_number": 428,
        "title": "CO129-197 - Governor Hennessy - 1882 [1-2]",
        "content_text": "# Narrative on the Prosperity of Hong Kong\n\nThe narrative shows what is called land speculation; on the contrary, it shows that the commercial wants of the Colony have been increasing, that the necessity of providing more godowns has been felt by the merchants, and that our manufactures are increasing. You will notice, and I am happy to notice, that not only has there been an increase of enterprise and prosperity on the part of the foreign community, but also on the part of the Chinese.\n\nSome time ago, I observed, in referring to the progress of India, that the Secretary of State for India, Lord Hartington, looked forward to the time when certain public works in India would be undertaken by private enterprise. When you consider what is done by the Survey Department in this Colony, you cannot but notice how small the amount really is which we lay out in public works as compared with what may be done by private enterprise and capital when the Colony is really prosperous.\n\nSir Hercules Robinson entertained the scheme of forming a Praya Wall at Kowloon and wharves running from it out into deep water so that steamers and ships could go alongside. The expense was considerable. The scheme was contemplated by the Government, but it was felt the time had not come for the Government to undertake it. Now it is being undertaken, not by the Government, but by private enterprise, and I am sure you will agree with me that nothing can be more healthy, as a sign of our prosperity, than that works of this kind should be undertaken, not by the Survey Department but by private enterprise.\n\nThe Government could hardly afford to lay out a million dollars on a work of that kind. Of course, the sugar refinery to which I have referred is one that belongs to the domain of private enterprise. But it is manifest that whatever you may say with respect to the prosperity of the Colony as shown by the revenue returns, by the general commercial activity of the Colony, by the fortunate position of the Colony with regard to the diminution of crime and the greater comfort and ease of everyone as regards the protection of life and property - whatever indications of prosperity may be seen, it is also one that deserves congratulation that, in the history of Hong Kong, there never was a time when there was more enterprise among all classes of the community, Europeans as well as Chinese.\n\nAnd there is one class of enterprise, an intellectual enterprise, to which I have great pleasure in referring. I myself have the honour of belonging to the Inns of Court in London. I passed an examination in Lincoln's Inn. Some of my learned friends who are present know that at those examinations there are young men from Oxford and Cambridge, London University, and King's College, and the great competition is for the studentships or scholarships given at Lincoln's Inn. Last year, a young man born under the British flag in this Colony succeeded at that examination in defeating his competitors from Oxford and Cambridge, from London University, and from the Scotch and Irish Universities, and in three of the subjects of examination, he obtained first place. That is Mr. Ho Kai, a gentleman born in this Colony. I think it is a matter we may all congratulate ourselves upon, and that young gentleman, who has been called to the bar, will arrive, I think, this month in the Colony, and I am sure you will all join with me in welcoming him.\n\nMy attention has been called by the Chinese inhabitants of the Colony to one or two things in which they are especially interested, and I have had under my consideration a scheme they have put before me by which wealthy Chinese in this Colony might have an opportunity afforded them of putting aside a certain portion of the money they make, investing it in such a way as to benefit their descendants and also to benefit the Colony. I may briefly say it is a system of forming a species of trust property which may be administered by a certain number of the Chinese community, perhaps those who under one of our Ordinances conduct the affairs of the Tung Wah Hospital, and to that body of Chinese will be given from time to time considerable sums by wealthy Chinese which will be invested by them, a certain portion, say seven-tenths, to be appropriated so as to benefit the descendants of the donors by giving them education, and in other ways, the remaining three-tenths to be devoted to the public interests of the Colony in general.\n\nA scheme of that kind, carefully elaborated, has been recommended to me by what I am justified in describing as the Chinese community of the Colony. They have put it before me. I am disposed to give it the most favourable consideration, and I mention it now with satisfaction because it is a further indication of the real progress of Hong Kong. As long as these gentlemen, who, as you know, now represent the wealthiest ratepayers in the community, as long as they desire to establish themselves and their descendants in the Colony for ever, so long we have a guarantee for loyalty and good order.\n\nOn the whole, gentlemen, in opening the Legislative session for 1882, I think we can all look forward, without anxiety, not only to the present year, but to the continued prosperity of the Colony.\n\n## Legislative Session Proceedings\n\nHon. F. B. Johnson - Will your Excellency inform me if I shall now be in order?\n\nHis EXCELLENCY - No. We must adhere to the Order Book.\n\n### Opium Ordinance\n\nHis EXCELLENCY moved the first reading of \"An Ordinance to Amend the Opium Ordinance No. 2 of 1858.\" He explained that it was introduced by direction of the Secretary of State, its object being the protection of prepared opium in transitu through the Colony.\n\n### Vehicles Ordinance\n\nHis EXCELLENCY moved the first reading of \"An Ordinance to amend the Vehicles Ordinance, No. 6 of 1863.\"\n\n### Naturalization\n\nHis EXCELLENCY moved the first reading of Bills for the naturalization of Lai Shun Ting, Chan Teng Cho, Ng Li Hung, Yau Chong Peng, and Chan Man Wing.\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL TREASURER said he trusted that before these Ordinances were passed, schedules would be attached describing who the gentlemen were to whom they referred. In other cases, it had been merely the naturalization of a name. In Dr. Eitel's case, they knew who was intended from the preamble, but with regard to the other bills which had been passed, he had in his employ some gentlemen who might claim them, as their names corresponded with the naturalization Ordinances, and there was nothing to show who was naturalized.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY said he thought the suggestion a good one.\n\nThe ATTORNEY-GENERAL said the form adopted with reference to the Ordinance was one adopted in another Colony where it had been in force for years, one of the few Colonies in which it was necessary to proceed by legislation in cases of individual naturalization, and it was a form which, as His Excellency was aware, had received the assent of Her Majesty's Government, and although there might be a schedule, he did not think it would be at all proper to attach such a schedule.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY said that although it might not be necessary to attach such a schedule, he thought the information asked for might be given.\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL TREASURER said the description might be given in the preamble.\n\nHon. Ng Choy said the age should certainly be given.\n\nThe Bills were read a first time.\n\n### Tramway Bill\n\nThe ACTING CHIEF JUSTICE, Chairman of the Special Committee on the Tramway Bill, presented the report of the Committee.\n\nHon. E. R. Belilios - There is a small matter which requires consideration. It has occurred to me, and I should fail in my duty if I omitted to mention it. I stated it at our Committee meetings, but was directed by my honourable friend the Chairman to bring it forward at this assembly. We are all aware that hitherto, whenever it has been found necessary to improve thoroughfares, the level of the roads has been raised at the discretion of the Surveyor-General. At the examination of this officer at a meeting of the Tramways Bill Committee, it was elicited that in certain cases when roads happened to have been higher than the pavement of houses on either side, and when it was so desired by the owners, the compounds of such houses were raised equally with the new roads, but the Surveyor-General told us that no compensation was demanded and none was granted. I say it is fortunate for the taxpayers that no such questions have been raised as yet, because in the case of houses so affected, claims...\n\nPage 427",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-197 - Governor Hennessy - 1882 [1-2].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 311468,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-197 - Governor Hennessy - 1882 [1-2]",
        "page_number": 489,
        "title": "CO129-197 - Governor Hennessy - 1882 [1-2]",
        "content_text": "allow such \n\nas \n\nа \n\nI could not, of course, matter to be treated \n\ne question of privilege entitling \n\nالحية من الله \n\nMr Johnson to interrupt the President when addressing the Council and moving the first order of the Day. \n\nI have the honour to be, \n\nMy Lord, Your Lordship's Most Obedient Humble Servant, \n\nThe Hongkong Telegraph \n\n**HONGKONG, Thursday, February 23, 1882.** \n\n## LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. \n\nA meeting of the Legislative Council was held yesterday afternoon. There were present-- \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY** the **GOVERNOR**. Hon. F. SNOWDEN, Acting Chief Justice. Hon. M. S. TONNOCHY, Acting Colonial Secretary. \n\nHon. E. L. O'MALLEY, Attorney-General. Hon. W.M.DEANE, Acting Colonial Treasurer. Hon. P. RYRIE. Hon. NG CHOY. \n\nHon. F. B. JOHNSON. \n\n### MINUTES. \n\nThe minutes of the last meeting were read by the Clerk. \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**-The question is that the minutes be confirmed. \n\nHon. F. B. JOHNSON-Before those minutes are passed, sir, may I ask—I think I am in order—whether the protest I caused to be delivered to the Clerk of Councils on the 13th has been placed on the minutes. \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**-The protest was received after the last meeting, and therefore it cannot be entered as part of the minutes of the last meeting, but having been received by the Clerk of Councils after the last meeting the protest will, immediately, be referred to at this meeting. \n\nThe minutes were then confirmed. \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**-Now, gentlemen, I have the honour to announce that a protest has been received from the hon. member by the Clerk of Councils, and, if the hon. member wishes, it will be read. \n\nHon. F. B. JOHNSON-I have no special desire it should be read, so long as it be inserted in the minutes of the proceedings of Council. \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**-Certainly it will be inserted. It may, perhaps, be as well to read it. \n\nThe **CLERK** then read the protest as follows-- \n\nTo His Excellency Sir John Pope HENNESSY, K.C.M.G., Governor of Hongkong; and to ARATUGOO SETH, Esquire, Clerk of Councils. \n\nHongkong, 13th February, 1882. \n\nI do hereby protest in writing against the decision of Your Excellency, intimated by you in the letter addressed to me by the Clerk of Councils dated the 7th instant, and confirmed by you in the Legislative Council of that day, by which decision your Excellency ruled that a motion of mine, of my intention to move which, at that Council, I had given due notice, and the terms of which I shall presently state in extenso, was irregular and out of order. \n\nThe motion to which I allude, was as follows: \"That His Excellency will be pleased to direct the Acting Colonial Secretary to lay upon the table copies of letters addressed by me to the Acting Colonial Secretary dated 2nd and 8th December, with enclosures, and 7th and 18th December, and of the Acting Colonial Secretary's replies dated respectively 5th and 13th December; also that His Excellency will be pleased to lay upon the table copies of a letter addressed by Mr. T. C. Hayllar to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, dated on or about 27th July, 1881, of a covering despatch from His Excellency the Governor about the same date, and of a letter from Mr. T. C. Hayllar to the Secretary of State, asking permission to withdraw his despatch of 27th July, 1881, and dated 8th September, comprising a series of documents which have been exhibited to members of Council by His Excellency's directions.\" \n\nI have the honour to be, your most obedient servant, \n\nF. BULSALEY JOHNSON. \n\nThe **CLERK** said there was a minute of His Excellency's on the protest, and asked if His Excellency wished that read also. \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY** directed the minute to be read. \n\nThe **CLERK** read the minute as follows- \n\n**HIS EXCELLENCY'S MINUTE** \n\nThere is a slight inaccuracy or misconception in the latter part of the protest about documents being exhibited by my direction, but nevertheless, let it be entered in full in the minutes. \n\nJ. Pope HENNESSY. Hongkong, 23rd February, 1882. \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**-Now, gentlemen, the first business of the Council- \n\nHon. F. B. JOHNSON-I hope again that I shall be strictly in order. I have no desire to transgress the rules. I rise to call the attention of the Council, to a question of privilege which-- \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**--A question of privilege. What does it relate to? \n\nHon. F. B. JOHNSON-Well, I will proceed to describe it. You can rule me out of order if I say anything irregular. \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**-I will point out to the hon. member the inconvenience of the course he is taking. We are guided here very much by the practice of the House of Commons, and the invariable practice is that if a member objects, as the hon. member evidently does, to a former ruling of the President, or speaker, he gives a notice in some shape or other. Moreover, a question of privilege is something that must have recently arisen. If it is anything that has been decided at a former meeting it is not a question of privilege, and no notice has been given to me or the Clerk of Councils. \n\nHon. F. B. JOHNSON-Can I speak in reply? \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**-No. The hon. member has received the Orders of the Day. No discussion whatever can take place on a subject which three meetings ago was ruled irregular and out of order, and in respect to which a protest has been read by the Clerk of Councils. That protest is now on the minutes. \n\nHon. F. B. JOHNSON--Your Excellency will recollect I have been debarred from giving notice in the usual way by the fact that the Council has been summoned in an informal way at twenty-four hours' notice, whereas by the Standing Orders the time for giving notice of motions must be at least three days. Under these circumstances, I conceive I could not give notice in the usual form, and if you will allow me to quote from the only text book in the Colony- \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**-I assure the hon. member he would be out of order in doing so. He has endeavoured to bring to the notice of Council a ruling of mine made some weeks ago. I am the guardian of the order of this assembly, and under these circumstances any attempt to set aside any ruling as a question of privilege and after two or three meetings have passed would only be increasing the irregularity. \n\nHon. F. B. JOHNSON-Then your Excellency will note that I have risen to speak on a question of privilege and you decline to allow me- \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**-I have pointed out-the hon. member has had twenty-four hours' notice-that nothing would have been easier than to give some intimation of what he had intended. I infer he wishes to refer to what occurred on a former occasion. \n\nHon. F. B. JOHNSON-Your Excellency is mistaken. I have no intention whatever to allude to the motion which your Excellency declined to allow me to make the other day. What I have to say relates to something that occurred on a former occasion which- \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**--If so, it cannot be referred to now as a matter of privilege. That is the rule in the House of Commons; and, furthermore, no motion can be made similar to that which has already been ruled out of order. \n\nHon. F. B. JOHNSON-Your Excellency will allow the notes of what has taken place to appear on the minutes. \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**-The hon. gentleman can transmit to the Clerk another protest if he likes. \n\n### THE JURY LIST. \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY**-It is usual, gentlemen, in proceeding with the consideration of the Jury List to do so with closed doors, that is, without having the Press present. I am entirely in your hands on that question. I suggested on one occasion that I saw no necessity to exclude the gentlemen of the Press. However, that is a matter entirely in the hands of the Council. The question is, shall we proceed in the usual way and consider the Jury List as before, or shall we allow the gentlemen of the Press to be present? [After some conversation.] I think the feeling of the Council is that the gentlemen of the Press might withdraw. \n\nThe reporters then withdrew, and were subsequently admitted when the Jury List had been settled. \n\n### NATURALIZATION. \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY** moved the second reading of a Bill for the naturalization of Lai Shun Ting. He said it was not necessary to make any alteration in the preamble of the Bill, but, as suggested by the Acting Colonial Treasurer at the last meeting, there was now a memorandum attached in which the age and place of birth were given. In this case he saw the age was thirty-six years and the place of birth Swatow, but in other cases they might have even fuller particulars. \n\nThe **ACTING COLONIAL TREASURER** pointed out that the person referred to in the Bill was, according to the memorandum, at present residing in Foochow, and asked if it would not be better to wait until he was resident in the Colony. \n\nHis **EXCELLENCY** said that under those circumstances he thought they had better put off the Bill. \n\nBills for the naturalization of the following were then passed through their various stages and read a third time—Chan Teng Cho, merchant, age 39, place of birth Amoy; Ng Li Hing, age 37, place of birth Amoy; You Chong Peng, age 30, place of birth Amoy; Chan Mun Wing, age 41, place of birth Amoy.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-197 - Governor Hennessy - 1882 [1-2].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 311481,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-197 - Governor Hennessy - 1882 [1-2]",
        "page_number": 502,
        "title": "CO129-197 - Governor Hennessy - 1882 [1-2]",
        "content_text": "## \nIn addition to the powers, which the Governor possesses, of calling upon his majority of Official members to support him, your Lordship's decision in this matter should invest him, as President of the Council, with the further power to prevent the freedom of speech, which the members of every Legislative Assembly are entitled to possess, by ruling out from discussion, or even from introduction, any question which may be disagreeable to him. The functions of the Council would be confined to registering the resolutions of His Excellency, and the very degree of independent action, at present within the competence of the unofficial members, would be wholly destroyed.\n\nI feel I may safely leave this question in the hands of your Lordship. For my part, I have done that which I considered it my duty to do. I have vindicated the Legislative Council from any responsibility for the maintenance and promotion in the Colonial Service, without investigation, of an official whom His Excellency has accused of gross misconduct, rendering him unfit to continue in his position.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-197 - Governor Hennessy - 1882 [1-2].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 319232,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-204 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 236,
        "title": "CO129-204 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "## Drill and Discipline\n\n34. All clothing or other stores lost or damaged in any way shall be at once reported through the Captains to the Commandant, who will assemble a Court of Inquiry to examine into and report on the loss or damage, and determine who, if anyone, should pay for the same.\n\n35. The decision arrived at by such a Court of Inquiry shall be final and binding, and any Member directed to make good any loss or damage agrees to pay the amount so directed to be paid.\n\n36. The Drill and Discipline of the Corps shall be in accordance with the \"Volunteer Regulations\" that may be issued from time to time by the authority of the Secretary of State for War, so far as the same are applicable to the Corps, and the Commandant shall make and publish such standing and other orders for the Drill and Discipline of the Corps as he shall see fit, subject always to the approval of the Governor. Such standing Rules and Orders to be published in the **Hongkong Government Gazette**, and a Printed Copy to be furnished to each Effective Member of the Corps.\n\n37. The Drill season shall commence on the 1st October in each year, ending on the 31st March following. During the Drill season there shall be six Drills each week, three in the morning and three in the evening. The morning Drills from 6.30 to 7.30 A.M. Evening Drills from 5.15 to 6.30.\n\n38. During the Drill season all Efficient Members shall be required to attend at least 12 Commanding Officer's Parades, or to show good cause for his absence, and shall subject himself to a fine of $1 for each time he is absent.\n\n39. For Efficient Members attendance on all other Parades is voluntary.\n\n40. Recruits must attend at least three Drills each week during the Drill season, until passed by the Commandant.\n\n41. An Officer and a Non-Commissioned Officer shall be detailed for duty weekly.\n\n42. At the end of each week the Commandant will fix the days for Parades, Drills, &c., during the ensuing week, and notice of the days and times so fixed shall be posted in the Orderly Room, published in the local papers, and communicated to any local institutions whose appointments may clash.\n\n43. Ninety rounds of small arm ammunition per effective strength of the Volunteers will be provided yearly by the Government. All ammunition used in excess of this must be paid for by the Corps or by the individual. One hundred and fifty rounds of gun ammunition will be provided by the Government for annual practice.\n\n## Funds\n\nTo provide for practice ammunition, prizes and various contingencies, not covered by the Government Grant, but necessary for the efficiency of the Corps, a Corps Fund shall be formed to be administered by a Finance Committee. To this Fund each Honorary Member enrolling himself as such shall pay not less than five dollars per annum, and each Effective Member two dollars per annum. All fines shall go to the credit of this fund, and all other sums from any source not otherwise specifically appropriated.\n\nThere shall be an Annual Meeting of the whole Corps, once in a year, within the first week in October, at which Meeting an Officer, a Sergeant and a Gunner shall be elected, who with the Commandant shall form the Finance Committee for the ensuing year.\n\n**M. MOORE-LANE, Major, R.A., Commandant Hongkong Volunteer**\n\n[L.S.]\n\n**W. H. MARSH, The Officer Administering the Government**\n\n## No. 18 of 1882\n\n**An Ordinance enacted by the Governor of Hong-kong, with the advice of the Legislative Council thereof, entitled, \"The Volunteer Ordinance, 1882.\"**\n\n[13th December, 1882.]\n\nBe it enacted by the Governor of Hongkong, with the advice of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows:\n\n1. Ordinance 2 of 1862 is hereby repealed.\n\n2. Such of the Inhabitants of Hongkong as volunteer and offer themselves, and as the Governor approves of, may form themselves into a Corps for the protection of the Colony of Hongkong, to be called the \"Hongkong Volunteers,\" and shall continue so formed during the pleasure of the Governor. Such Volunteers shall be instructed in the use of the rifle and in the management of artillery, and be subject to drill accordingly.\n\n3. The Governor may from time to time appoint and commission fit persons to be Officers of such Corps, and may from time to time remove any person so appointed.\n\n4. The Commanding Officer of the Corps shall appoint the necessary non-Commissioned Officers.\n\n5. The Commanding Officer of the Corps shall, as soon as he conveniently can do so, frame rules for regulating the period of enrolment, arms, dress, accoutrements and equipment of the said Corps and of the members thereof, the time and place of drill and exercise, and all matters relating to the enrolment, efficiency, and discipline of the said Corps and of the members thereof, which rules may be enforced by fines for breach thereof, not exceeding $50 for any one breach, to be recoverable and enforced before and by a Police Magistrate; and may from time to time alter and vary such Rules. All such Rules and alterations of Rules shall be submitted to the Governor for confirmation, and when confirmed shall have the same force for the regulation of the members of the said Corps as if they had been inserted in and had formed part of this Ordinance.\n\n6. Every Volunteer, being a Christian, upon being admitted shall subscribe his name on the roll of the said Corps, and shall take before a Justice of the Peace or the Commanding Officer, an Oath according to the form following:\n\nI, A.B., do promise and swear that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to Her Majesty Queen VICTORIA, and that I will faithfully serve in the \"Volunteer Force\" during the term of my enrolment: So help me God.\n\nAnd every Volunteer, not being a Christian, shall before a Justice of the Peace or the Commanding Officer make a declaration according to the Form following:\n\nI, A.B., do solemnly, sincerely, and truly declare that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to Her Majesty Queen VICTORIA, and that I will faithfully serve in the \"Volunteer Force\" during my term of enrolment.\n\nThe Commanding Officer for the time being shall have power to administer oaths and take declarations for the purpose of this Ordinance.\n\nPassed the Legislative Council of Hongkong, this 13th day of December, 1882.\n\n**ARATHOON SETH, Clerk of Councils**\n\nAssented to by His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government the Twentieth day of December, one thousand eight hundred and eighty-two.\n\n**FREDERICK STEWART, Acting Colonial Secretary**\n\n## Repeal\n\n232\n\n## Formation of Corps\n\n## Appointment and removal of Officers\n\n## Appointment of non-Commissioned Officers\n\n## Commanding Officer to frame rules subject to Governor's Approval\n\n## Enrolment",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-204 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [11-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 324762,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-215 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 22,
        "title": "CO129-215 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "24\n\nCouncil of Hong Kong, viz.\n\n1. Phineas Ryrie, Esquire,\n\n2. Francis Henry Johnson, Esquire,\n\n3. Thomas Jackson, Esquire,\n\n4. Frederick David Sassoon, Esquire,\n\n5. Wong Shing, Esquire.\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nMy Lord,\n\nYour Lordship's Most Obedient Humble Servant,\n\n5. Bowen\n\nThe Daily Press.\n\nHONG KONG, JANUARY 26th, 1884.\n\nEnclosure 3.\n\nHONG KONG GENERAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.\n\nELECTION OF A MEMBER OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\nA special general meeting of the members of the Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce was held at the City Hall yesterday morning, for the purpose of nominating a member for election to the Legislative Council. There were present Messrs. F. B. Johnson (Chairman), Hon. P. Ryrie (Vice-Chairman), Messrs. H. L. Dalrymple, L. Poesnecker, T. Jackson, A. Gültzow, E. Mackintosh, F. D. Sassoon (Committee), W. S. Young, A. McIver, W. H. Forbes, W. M. Morgan, Framjee H. Arjuna, E. E. Sassoon, C. D. Bottomley, C. P. Chater, E. R. Belilios, H. Foss, J. Thorburn, M. Grote, C. Erdmann, A. P. MacEwen, F. T. P. Foster, W. H. F. Darby, T. H. Whitehead, J. M. Matson, and E. George (Secretary).\n\nThe CHAIRMAN—Gentlemen, the Secretary will now read the notice convening the meeting, and then the correspondence, which is virtually our commission for the business we have to perform.\n\nThe correspondence consisted of the letter from the Colonial Secretary to the Chairman of the Chamber requesting that the Chamber would nominate a gentleman for appointment to the Legislative Council (which has already been published) and the following reply:\n\nHongkong General Chamber of Commerce,\n\nHongkong, 28th December, 1888.\n\nThe Honourable W. H. Marsh, C.M.G.,\n\nColonial Secretary,\n\nSIR—I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of the letter dated the 20th instant in which you inform me that, on the recommendation of the Governor, Her Majesty has been pleased to confer upon this Chamber the privilege of nominating for His Excellency's approval one member to a seat in the Legislative Council of the colony. You further request me to make the necessary arrangements in accordance with the rules of the Chamber to convene a meeting of the members, and to invite them to elect a member whose name is to be returned to you for submission to His Excellency.\n\nI take notice that this return should be accompanied by the following documents, viz.:\n\nA copy of the notice convening the meeting.\n\nA list of the members present at the meeting.\n\nA list of the candidates, with the names of their proposers and seconders.\n\nA list of voters.\n\nA statement of the number of votes given for each candidate.\n\nIn reply, I beg to inform you that in compliance with your request a special meeting of the Chamber has been convoked for Wednesday, the 2nd January, and that in due time the name of the member who will be nominated thereat will be returned to you, together with the papers asked for, excepting only the fourth one, viz., a list of the voters. It is the practice of the Chamber to keep a record of the members present at any ballot, but not to enquire into the names of members who, although present, may decline to vote at all.\n\nI assume that it is intended the person nominated shall be a member of the Chamber, but on this point your letter is not explicit.\n\nThe Committee requests that you will convey to the Governor its thanks in the name of the Chamber for the wise initiative which, in the opinion of the Committee, has been taken by His Excellency in having recommended Her Majesty to anticipate the pressure of public opinion by conferring upon the Colonists a measure of popular representation which has long been urgently called for by the rapidly developing interests of the colony.—I have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient servant,\n\nF. B. JOHNSON, Chairman.\n\nColonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 20th December, 1888.\n\nSIR—With reference to your letter of yesterday I am instructed by His Excellency the Governor to inform you that the candidate to be nominated for a seat in the Legislative Council should be a Member of the Chamber of Commerce.\n\nI have the honour to be, Sir, your most obedient servant,\n\nW. H. MARSH, Colonial Secretary.\n\nThe Honourable F. B. Johnson, Chairman, Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce\n\nThe CHAIRMAN—Gentlemen, the function which we are called upon to perform to-day is one which is so unusual to us, and which so seldom appertains to a mercantile body such as ours, that I think you will agree with me that a few words on the subject that brings us together will not be out of place. First, I feel sure you will agree with the Committee in thinking that the thanks of the Chamber, and not only of the Chamber but of all those whose interests we may now be said to represent, are due to His Excellency the Governor, Sir George Bowen, for the initiative he has taken in anticipating public opinion and obtaining for us in this colony a measure of self-government. It will perhaps be within your recollection that early last year, at our last annual meeting, I ventured to say that the time had arrived when we in this colony should demand some control over our own affairs, and I suggested the arrival of a new Governor was a fitting opportunity on which to press our demands. I think it a subject of very great congratulation that the Governor, Sir George Bowen, forestalled, as I have said, any agitation in this colony, for agitation is much to be deprecated. He forestalled us and completely took the wind out of our sails and went ahead of us. I think it is hardly matter of surprise that Sir George Bowen, after having administered for so many years the affairs of those great democratic communities in the South Pacific, should have felt somewhat stifled by the close political atmosphere of this Downing-street ridden colony. It is scarcely to be believed, but it is true, that although we have here a highly paid Governor, well versed in affairs, none more so, and assisted by departments presided over by men fit to govern a dominion, with all the machinery of Executive and Legislative Councils, we have not a modicum of control over our own affairs; we cannot do the smallest thing without interference by the Colonial Office or some young gentleman in the Colonial Department who desires to show his raison d'être by mischievous meddling in affairs with which no amount of competitive cramming can give him the least effective acquaintance. I regret Sir George Bowen's scheme was not carried out in its integrity, as it is a far better one than that which has been accepted. We do not want any mechanical or conventional system of voting. What we do want is a free and independent Council which will control the measures of Government and represent the intelligent public opinion of the colony. Now we know that in the reconstructed Legislative Council the Colonial Office will still have a majority of official votes, and can influence them as it likes, but we also know what can be done by an active and intelligent minority in any representative assembly. It therefore devolves upon us and the other constituent body to send up men who will not only represent our interests but who also know how to fight our battles and win them; for believe me, the battle is not one that has to be fought out by a single effort, but step by step, slowly, until we have obtained that which we ought to have, the control over all our ordinary municipal taxation and our ordinary municipal expenditure—(hear, hear)—leaving only in the hands of the Colonial Office a veto over such matters as belong to Imperial interests and where it may be occasionally exercised with advantage in such a mixed community as this. Gentlemen, I believe there is before this colony a magnificent future of prosperity, and that that prosperity will be hastened and increased if we have the management of our own affairs, for the simple reason that those who have interests at stake have a very lively appreciation of what is needed. But if we are to remain as before, with our destinies entirely under the control of the Colonial Office, that time may be indefinitely retarded and minimised. Under these circumstances I feel sure we shall consider a great responsibility rests upon us as to the member we shall send up to represent us, and I only hope we shall be found equal to the opportunities that have been committed to our charge. The order of our proceedings as arranged by the Committee will be that any members present who have to propose a member for nomination to the Council will send up to the Secretary a paper containing the name of the gentleman proposed and those of the proposer and seconder. If only one name is submitted I shall put that by resolution to the meeting. If more than one name is proposed a ballot will be called for and the votes will be counted by my friend the Vice-Chairman and the Secretary (Applause).\n\n20",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-215 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [1-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 329371,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-223 - Governor Sir Bowen Acting Governor Marsh & Others - 1885 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 150,
        "title": "CO129-223 - Governor Sir Bowen Acting Governor Marsh & Others - 1885 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "# COMPLIMENTARY FAREWELL BANQUET TO SIR GEORGE BOWEN, GOVERNOR OF HONGKONG\n\nLast night a complimentary farewell banquet was given to His Excellency Sir George Ferguson Bowen, G.C.M.G., Governor of Hongkong, in St. Andrew's Hall, City Hall. There was a numerous attendance, the banquet being the largest that has ever taken place in this colony, no less than 160 gentlemen sitting down to dinner. The chair was occupied by His Honour Chief Justice Sir George Phillippo, and the Vice-Chairmen were the Hon. T. Jackson, Hon. F. D. Sassoon, Messrs. A. P. McEwen, C. P. Chater, and J. Melville Matson. The Governor sat on the right of the Chairman, and Vice-Admiral Vesey Hamilton, C.B., on his left.\n\nThe following gentlemen formed the General Committee:-\n\n| Name | Title/Honour |\n| --- | --- |\n| His Honour Sir George Phillippo | Chairman |\n| the Hon. W. H. Marsh | C.M.G. |\n| the Hon. Frederick Stewart |  |\n| the Hon. E. L. O'Malley |  |\n| the Hon. A. Lister |  |\n| the Hon. J.M. Price |  |\n| His Honour Mr. Justice Russell |  |\n| His Honour Mr. Justice Ackroyd |  |\n| the Hon. W. Keswick |  |\n| the Hon. T. Jackson |  |\n| the Hon. F. D. Sassoon |  |\n| the Hon. Wong Shing |  |\n| the Right Rev. Bishop Raimondi |  |\n| Monsieur Leon Dejardin | Consul for France |\n| Dr. O: F. von Mollendorff | Consul for Germany |\n| Colonel Withers | Consul for the United States |\n| Dr. P. B. C. Ayres |  |\n| Messrs. C. D. Bottomley |  |\n| E. R. Belilios |  |\n| A. Coxon |  |\n| C. P. Chater |  |\n| G. de Champeaux |  |\n| W. H. F. Darby |  |\n| W. M. Deane |  |\n| W. Durran |  |\n| Major-General Gordon |  |\n| Messrs. M. Grote |  |\n| David Gillies |  |\n| H. Hoppins |  |\n| E. H. Huntingdon |  |\n| Rev. W. Jennings |  |\n| Messrs. John Macgregor |  |\n| A. McConachie |  |\n| A. P. McEwen |  |\n| J. Melville Matson |  |\n| Mortimer E. Murray |  |\n| H. N. Mody |  |\n| G. E. Noble |  |\n| L. Poesnecker |  |\n| A. G. Romano | Consul for Portugal |\n| C. Stiebel |  |\n| J. Thurburn |  |\n| A. G. Wise |  |\n| H. E. Wodehouse |  |\n\nThe Working Committee consisted of the following gentlemen:-\n\n| Name | Title/Honour |\n| --- | --- |\n| the Hon. J. M. Price |  |\n| the Hon. T. Jackson |  |\n| the Hon. F. D. Sassoon |  |\n| Messrs. C. D. Bottomley |  |\n| A. Coxon |  |\n| C. P. Chater |  |\n| W. M. Deane |  |\n| H. Hoppins |  |\n| A. P. McEwen |  |\n| J. Melville Matson | Hon. Secretary |\n\nSubjoined are the names of the other subscribers to the banquet in the order of signature:-\n\nVice-Admiral Hamilton, Major-General Cameron, Major Brooke, R.E.; Messrs. A. Findlay Smith, H. M. Bevis, D. H. Mackintosh, W. Gaskell, S. Barff, D. Noronha, J. Dyer Ball, H.C. Setna, E. E. Pallanjee Setna, S. D. Sotne, J. Jamasjee, H. St. Clair Greeley, H. F. Hayllar, D. Musso (Consul for Italy), A. Seth, L. P. Marques, J. A. Carvalho; Colonel Crawford, R.A.; Messrs. A. G. Stokes, A. K. Travers; Captain Long, R.N.; Major Riddell, R.A.; Commodore Morant, R.N.; Captain Pearson, R.N.; Messrs. H. H. Jukes, N. A. Sieba; Captain Rumsey, R.N.; Major Dempster, A.P.D.; Lieut-Colonel Murray, C.B.D.; Dr. Manson; Messrs. S. E. Shellim, J. T. Chater, E. C. Ray, G. T. Jordan, C. C. Cohen, V. H. Deacon, C. E. Bowles, D. E. Sassoon, Sidney Hancock, E. Jones Hughes, W. Hartigan, B. Byramjee, W. G. Humphreys; Major Tripp, Captain Francis, Lieuts. McCallum, Mossley, Woolley, and Holmes, Hongkong Volunteer Artillery; Mr. H. Poate; Dr. Hungerford, Army Medical Department; Messrs. A. Falconer, R. C. Wilcox, T. I. Rose (Consul for Siam), Granville Sharp, Teiske Minami (Consul for Japan), H. Z. Just, J. H. Stewart-Lockhart; Lieut-Colonel Le Masurier, C. and T.D.; Lieut. Farquhar, R.N.; Messrs. E. Bebre, G. T. Hopkine; Lieut. A. K. Knapton, R.N., Flag Lieut.; Messrs. N. G. Mitchell-Innes, C. Heyman, D. B. Tata, J. M. E. Machado, F. Machado, A. F. Alves, A. J. Rozario, A. P. Guterrez, J. G. T. Hassell, A. P. Stokes; the Very Rev. G. Burghignoli, Mr. C. A. Tomes; Captain Maturio, R.A.; Messrs. Samuel Hughes, Dinshaw Nowrojee, J. K. Dealy, and John D. Humphreys.\n\nThe following were invited guests, in addition to the guest of the evening:- Rear-Admiral Rieunier, Captain Dupuis, Captain Blanc, French Navy; Colonel Walker, R.E.; Dr. Fisher, R.N.; Major Davies, Assistant Military Secretary; Colonel Foster, Captains Power and Bolton, Lieuts. Parkin, Little, Metcalfe, Bramwell, Drew, Lowther, Podler, and Quartermaster Wallace, Northamptonshire Regiment; Captain Hoffmeier, H.I.G.M. Navy; Commanders Alleyne, Davis, Hill, Moore, and Hotham, R.N.; Lieuts. Breeks, Bowen, and Somerville, A.D.C.s; Messrs. Dent and Keey, R.N.; Messrs. Clement Allen and E. E. Porter.\n\nSt. Andrew's Hall was decorated with festoons of green leaves, flags, and pot plants, and made to look bright and pretty, and three long tables were set out, taking almost the entire length of the room, with a cross table at the head, in the centre of which sat the Chairman, with a Vice-Chairman at the head of each side table, on either hand, and another at the foot of each of the three tables.\n\nSt. George's Hall was also neatly decorated, the doors being curtained with flags, and ferns, moss, and pot plants being used with good effect. A capital dancing floor was prepared. The ante-room was decorated in the same way, and a portion of the Chamber of Commerce room was partitioned off and a refreshment buffet established there.\n\nThe entrance hall and staircase were also very effectively decorated with pot plants and wreaths of green leaves, presenting a very pleasing appearance.\n\nThe banquet commenced at 7.15 o'clock p.m., the Band playing \"The Roast Beef of Old England.\" The following were the after-dinner speeches:-\n\n## Speech of the Chief Justice\n\nThe CHAIRMAN- The first toast on the list for this evening is the usual loyal toast, the health of Her Majesty the Queen. I ask you to join me in drinking that toast.\n\nThe toast was drunk upstanding, with three cheers.\n\nThe Band- \"God Save the Queen.\"\n\nThe CHAIRMAN- The next toast on the list is the health of the Prince and Princess of Wales, and the rest of the Royal Family.\n\nThe toast was drunk with similar honours. The Band- \"God Bless the Prince of Wales.\"\n\nThe CHAIRMAN- Gentlemen, the next toast I have to propose is the health of His Excellency the Governor. (Applause). We are met together on this occasion, as you all know, in compliment to his Excellency the Governor, and for the purpose of bidding him farewell publicly, as he is shortly about to depart from us, in all probability never to return. It is now nearly three years since he first assumed the government of this Colony. He came to us at a somewhat critical period of our history, no novice in the management of affairs, but as an old and tried Governor, with great experience in the conduct of business, having successfully governed some of the most important colonies in the British empire-colonies which have already made a place in history and which are undoubtedly destined to take a foremost place among the nations of the world. (Cheers). For his services before he came amongst us, he had already received from the hands of Her Majesty one of the highest rewards that it is usual to bestow for distinguished public service, viz., the Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George. (Applause).\n\nHis services to this community have been recognized on more than one occasion, and only recently in their farewell address by the Legislative Council-(applause)-body which, comprising as it does nearly all the members of the Executive Council in addition to some of the leading members of the general community, has naturally been brought into more intimate relationships with the Governor than any other portion of the public and is best able to judge of their value. (Hear, hear).\n\nIt would ill become me on the present occasion and in the present assembly, which is not met together for political purposes, and especially in my position, to enter into any question having any bearing upon politics. (Hear, hear). This I can say for myself that I know that His Excellency has always taken a very great interest in everything that he considered was for the best interest of the community-(applause)-and I think I can take it upon myself in the name of all who are present to assure the Governor in similar language to that used by the Legislative Council in its farewell address, that his administration will always be associated in our minds with much personal kindness, consideration, and hospitality (cheers)-a hospitality which I may observe owed a great portion of its charm to the deserved popularity of Lady Bowen and her daughters in the first portion of His Excellency's administration, a hospitality which was not slackened during their necessary but regretted absence, and which has again during the last few months been brightened by the presence of one of His Excellency's daughters and of his only son. (Renewed and prolonged applause).\n\nI am sure also that we all sympathize with the Governor in the prospect of his approaching retirement from public life. It will undoubtedly be a trial to him to give up the active pursuits in which he has been hitherto engaged, the pleasures as well as the anxieties of public life, and the degree of state to which he has been accustomed, for the comparative simplicity and retirement of private life. We have all of us, however, to look forward to relinquishing the active pursuits of life, but there is some consolation for us all if we are able to carry with us in our retirement the assurance that in the days of our activity we faithfully endeavoured to perform our various duties to the best of our ability. (Applause).\n\nBut the Governor, with his experience, need not, unless he pleases, live merely a life of lettered ease, and there are more useful services in which he can be engaged than even in administering the affairs of an important Colony such as this. There has been of late a growing tendency both in the mother country and in the Colonies to tighten and strengthen the bonds of union now existing between them-(applause)-and there has also been a growing and strong desire to enter into closer relationship between ourselves and our great kindred nation. (Hear, hear).\n\nNext year will be an eventful year in this respect. The new buildings of The Royal Colonial Institute will be opened-a Society of which Sir George Bowen has long been a member-(applause)-and which, together with its off-shoot, the Empire Club, has done so much to bring Colonial questions prominently forward before the public at home. Leading colonists from all parts of the Empire will take part in the Colonial Exhibition, to which we are about sending our modest contribution, including many from Colonies over which Sir George Bowen has had the honour during his long career of having been appointed Governor.\n\nThere will also be the American Exhibition of Inventions, which will attract to London many of the leading citizens of the United States, and to welcome whom a Council consisting of most of the leading men in the British possessions, and amongst whom I have no doubt Sir George Bowen's name is already to be found, has been formed by American residents in London and promoters of the Exhibition, avowedly for the purpose of strengthening the friendly relationships between the great English-speaking nations who have one language and one literature in common, whose great men and our great men, and whose noble women and our noble women are the same-(applause)-and who all inherit the glorious deeds and love of liberty of our ancestors. (Renewed applause).\n\nAnd to crown all, it will be the jubilee year of our Most Gracious Sovereign Her Majesty the Queen. (Loud cheers). The movements which have commenced cannot fail to be accelerated by these events, and His Excellency will no doubt be called upon to take an active part in them, and if, as the result of the consultations and deliberations which are even now taking place, any satisfactory measures can be discovered which will have the effect of bringing Great Britain and Ireland, their colonies and dependencies into closer union, especially if in addition we and our kindred nation, the Great Republic of the United States of America (loud applause)-the citizens of whom I believe venerate and respect our Queen in almost if not in quite the same degree as we do ourselves (applause)-could be brought closer and more unitedly together, it would be of so great a service to the world at large as to reflect the highest amount of credit and honour on all concerned in bringing it about. (Hear, hear).\n\nSuch a union would hold out no menace to foreign powers but would, I should hope, have a tendency to hasten the period when reason and not force, right and not might, shall prevail among all the nations of the earth. (Cheers).\n\nIn conclusion, I may say I know that I can safely assure the Governor of the best wishes of you all (hear, hear and cheers)-that he may have a safe and pleasant voyage home-that he may thoroughly enjoy himself during his stay in that old and interesting country which he purposes visiting on his way-(hear, hear)-that he may have a happy meeting with the remainder of his family in England (applause)-and, if so be that he never returns to us again, we trust that he will continue to take the same kindly interest in the welfare of the Colony that he has taken since the first day he came among us-(hear, hear)-and that, again using similar language to that contained in the address before referred to, we hope that he may long enjoy the rest earned by more than a quarter of a century's service and that his unequalled experience may be found of service in the Councils of the Empire. (Cheers).\n\nI have now the great pleasure of proposing the health of His Excellency the Governor, Sir George Ferguson Bowen, and to ask you to unite with me in wishing him all happiness, prosperity, and success in his future career. (Loud cheers).\n\nThe Band- \"God Save the Queen.\"\n\nThe toast was drunk with musical honours and three times three.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY, who was received with prolonged and most enthusiastic applause, said- Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, I thank His Honour the Chief Justice for the flattering and eloquent speech in which he has just proposed my health-a speech, I may add, which derives additional weight and significance from his own high office and character, which are most fully appreciated throughout this Colony. (Applause).\n\nPage 150\nPage 151",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-223 - Governor Sir Bowen Acting Governor Marsh & Others - 1885 [11-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 331839,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-228 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 312,
        "title": "CO129-228 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "6\n\ntrial at the Criminal Sessions, was liberated on giving bail of $2,000, and fled immediately afterwards from the Colony. It is said that some soldiers were sent to capture him, when it was found that he had gone; that he offered desperate resistance, and was killed after shooting several of them from the house where he had taken refuge.\n\nI have the honour to be, Sir, Your Most Obedient Humble Servant, Musch\n\nEnclosure 1.\n\nA BILL ENTITLED [15.9.86.] An Ordinance for the Suppression of the Triad Society and other Secret Societies and for the Punishment of the Members thereof.\n\nBe it enacted by the Governor of Hongkong, with the advice of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows:\n\n1. This Ordinance may be cited as The Triad and Secret Societies Ordinance, 1888.\n\n2. The Triad Society and other Secret Societies, by whatever name known, are hereby declared to be unlawful societies, and any person acting as manager or office bearer, or assisting in any way in the conduct of the business of, or in managing the affairs of any such unlawful societies shall be liable upon summary conviction before a Magistrate to a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or to imprisonment for any period not exceeding twelve months with or without hard labour, or to both fine and imprisonment; and any person who is a member of, or who attends and takes part in any meeting of any such unlawful society, or who subscribes or pays money, or gives aid or procures from others subscriptions, money or aid, for or towards the maintenance of any such unlawful society shall be liable upon summary conviction before a Magistrate to a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars, or to imprisonment for any period not exceeding six months with or without hard labour, or to both fine and imprisonment.\n\n3. All meetings of the said Societies are hereby declared to be unlawful and prohibited accordingly.\n\n4. It shall be lawful for any Magistrate or Justice of the Peace to enter with or without assistance, or to order any Police Officer or other person, in his presence, or by warrant under his hand and seal to enter with or without assistance, using force in either case if necessary, into any dwelling-house or other building, or into any place in which he may have reasonable ground to believe that a meeting of any society declared by this Ordinance to be unlawful is being held, contrary to the provisions of this Ordinance, or that five or more persons belonging to any such illegal society are unlawfully assembled, and to arrest or cause to be arrested all persons found at any such meeting or assembly, and to search the premises and seize or cause to be seized all books, papers, documents, flags, insignia, arms and other articles which he may have reasonable cause to believe to belong to any Society, or to be in any way connected with the purposes of the meeting or assembly.\n\n5. All persons so arrested and all articles so seized may be detained in custody till they can conveniently be brought before a Magistrate, where they shall be dealt with according to law.\n\n6. If, at any such meeting or assembly, any oath, or any engagement, obligation, or promise relating to the objects of any unlawful society be administered to or tendered to any person, or if any form of oath be found, or if copies of any Rules or Regulations or engagements, obligations or promises, or lists or names of members of any society, or if any insignia, banners, writings, paintings, drawings or other articles relating or belonging to any unlawful society be found, the finding thereof or the fact of an oath or an engagement, obligation, or promise having been administered or tendered at the meeting or assembly, shall be prima facie evidence that the meeting or assembly was an unlawful assembly.\n\n7. Any person attending an unlawful assembly as defined in this Ordinance knowing that the assembly was an unlawful assembly, and any person continuing to attend such an assembly after having been warned by any Magistrate, Justice of the Peace, or Police Officer that the assembly is an unlawful assembly, shall be liable on summary conviction before a Magistrate to a penalty not exceeding one hundred dollars, or to imprisonment with or without hard labour for any period not exceeding six months, or to both.\n\nC. O. 19711\n\nRECO\n\nRECR I NOV SE.\n\nPenalty for managers,\n\nPenalty for members.\n\nMeetings unlawful.\n\nMagistrate.\n\nBe my enlarge house, where unlawful meeting held.\n\n(Straits Settlement Ord 19 of 1869, s. 9.)\n\nAnd way street, and seize persons and property towed.\n\nPersons and property so arrested to be taken before Magistrate. (Straits Settlements Ord, 19 of 1869, s. 9.)\n\nWhat tee her deemed prima facie evidence of unlawful Assembly. (Straits Settlement Ord. 19 of 1869, s. 10.)\n\nPenalty for attending unlawful Assembly (Straits Settlement Ord. 19 of 1869, s. 11.)\n\n310",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-228 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [7-9].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 333500,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-231 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1887 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 322,
        "title": "CO129-231 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1887 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "6. If any member of the Board be at any time prevented by absence or other cause from acting for more than six months, the Governor may appoint or if the member has been elected the Electors may elect some other person to replace such member, until he shall be able to resume his functions.\n\n7. The Board shall be held to be legally constituted notwithstanding any vacancies occurring therein by death, resignation or incapacity of any member.\n\n8. It shall be lawful for the Governor to appoint such officers as he shall see fit to be Sanitary Superintendent, Sanitary Surveyors, Inspectors of Nuisances, and such other servants as the Board may from time to time recommend and there shall be paid from the Colonial Treasury to such officers such salaries and allowances as the Governor with the consent of the Legislative Council may from time to time determine.\n\n9. The Board shall meet once in every alternate week and oftener if need be, and may adjourn from time to time. The President may at any time, and shall on a requisition signed by three members of the Board summon a meeting thereof,\n\n10. Any four members shall be a quorum for the despatch of business, and at every meeting the President or Vice-President, or in their absence the member present shall preside. The President or Vice-President or in their absence the Chairman shall have a deliberative and a casting vote.\n\n11. The Board may from time to time make Standing Orders for regulating the mode and order of procedure at its meetings, for the appointment of Select Committees, for the conduct of its business between such meetings, and for the guidance of its Officers and may from time to time alter and amend such Standing Orders.\n\n12. The Board shall have power to make Bye-Laws with regard to the following matters.\n\n1. The execution of the laws relating to quarantine.\n\n2. The proper construction, trapping, ventilating, and maintenance of public or main drains and sewers as also of private house-drains and sewers in the City of Victoria and the villages and Rural Districts of Hongkong and Kowloon.\n\n3. The provision and proper construction of privies in private premises.\n\n4. The provision of adequate space about dwelling-houses in order to secure a free circulation of air.\n\n5. The provision of adequate subsoil drainage in order to arrest damp in dwelling houses.\n\n6. The proper lighting and ventilation of dwelling houses.\n\n7. The cleansing, lime-whiting and proper sanitary maintenance of all premises in the Colony.\n\n8. The erection licensing, and proper sanitary maintenance of public latrines, urinals, dust-bins, and manure-depots.\n\n9. The removal of night soil, surface scavenging and the disposal of waste products.\n\n10. The closing of premises unfit for human habitation and the prohibition of their use as such.\n\n11. The protection of the public water supply from pollution.\n\n12. The prevention of the manufacture or sale of unsound, adulterated or unwholesome food.\n\n13. The regulation of bakehouses, dairies, aerated water manufactories and food preserving establishments.\n\n14. The prohibition of the establishment within certain limits, and the control of any noisome or noxious trade, business or of any trade or business calculated in any way to injure the Public Health.\n\n15. The proper sanitary maintenance of lodging-houses, opium smoking divans, factories, hospitals, theatres, and places of public instruction, recreation or assembly.\n\n16. The prevention of overcrowding in Premises, either in respect of human beings or the lower animals.\n\n17. The cleansing, lime-whiting, and proper sanitary maintenance of all depots and pens for cattle, pigs, sheep, and goats.\n\n18. The management of markets and slaughter-houses.\n\n19. The construction of and proper sanitary maintenance of pig-sties in private premises.\n\n20. The cleansing of vessels, the maintenance of cleanliness in the harbour of Victoria, the waters of the Colony and the foreshores thereof.\n\n11. The Governor may from time to time, by Order under his hand, direct the execution of decisions of the Board involving the expenditure of any sum of money in excess of $50 shall be submitted to him before being carried out.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-231 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1887 [1-3].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 334780,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 62,
        "title": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "HIS EXCELLENCY-The object is that our very efficient and valuable colleagues should be present on the occasion. The election takes place, I believe, on the 17 inst.?\n\nHon. P. RYBIE-Yes.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY-Then if we assemble on Monday, the 19th, will that answer all purposes?\n\nThe unofficial members accepted the date.\n\nHIS EXCELLENCY-Very well, then, hon. gentlemen, so let it be.\n\nA few technical amendments which had been leftover were then made in other parts of the Bill.\n\nThe ACTING ATTORNEY-GENERAL-With the exception of the clauses which have been postponed this finishes the Bill. It is not necessary for the Council at this stage to go into the by-laws. The Ordinance provides that the by-laws should be made by the Sanitary Board and submitted to the Council. Those appended to the Bill were published merely for information and discussion.\n\nTHE RETIREMENT OF MR. JACKSON.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY-I am sure I am right in regretting on the part of this Council the loss of our able and valuable colleague, Hon. Mr. Jackson, who has rendered such very valuable services to the Government and this community. Fortunately, he remains amongst us and as we all, I am quite sure, work together for the good of the community, I have no doubt Mr. Jackson's able advice and counsel will always be as much at our disposal—the official members—as at your disposal. The Government has had nothing whatever to do with this arrangement.\n\nMy hon. friend on the right (Hon. P. Ryrie) observed, we were very anxious to retain the services of Mr. MacEwen, at all events until we had finished with the Health Bill, but whatever arrangement has been made between these hon. gentlemen is their own affair and not ours, but I have no doubt that, at least I hope that, as my hon. friend on the right said, we shall see Mr. MacEwen amongst us again.\n\nHon. P. RYRIE-It is a foregone conclusion.\n\nHon. C.P. CHATER-Your Excellency, I don't think there was any arrangement between the two gentlemen. Only having a great deal to do, and as his stay is not likely to be long, Mr. Jackson wanted to devote all his time to the duties at the Bank. It is best it should be known there is no arrangement. It is simply that one had too much to do and had to resign. There is no doubt, as my hon. friend has said, that Mr. MacEwen will be elected.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY-I am glad you have made those remarks. If any little word escaped me which may give rise to a wrong impression let me remove it at once. I will read Mr. Jackson's letter which is just as you say.\n\n5th September. SIR, I have the honour to request you to inform His Excellency the Acting Governor that I wish to resign my seat at the Legislative Council. I do so because I feel I cannot spare sufficient time to do justice to the appointment.\n\nWhat I meant was that if these gentlemen conferred together as to what they thought best for the public service and they came to that agreement it was not an arrangement with the Government.\n\nADJOURNMENT.\n\nThe Council adjourned to Monday, 19th inst.\n\nPage 59\n\n \nPage 59 appears three times at the top and three times at the bottom, indicating the end of the page.\n\n \nPage 60\n\nPage 60\n\nPage 60",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 334856,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 138,
        "title": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "9. Householder. --For the purposes of this Ordinance, the actual tenant or occupier of any building, or in cases where there shall be no such person, then the immediate landlord of such building, and, in the case of Corporations, Companies, and Associations, the Secretary or Manager thereof shall be deemed the Householder, and shall be liable under this Ordinance.\n\n10. Keeper of a Common Lodging-House--Any person licensed to keep a Common Lodging-House.\n\n11. New Building.--Any structure begun after the commencement of this Ordinance or of which the enclosing walls have not been carried higher than the footings, or such old buildings as shall for the purposes of reconstruction be taken down to an extent exceeding one half, such half to be estimated in cubic feet.\n\n12. Occupier--The person in actual occupation of any premises.\n\n13. Owner--Any house-owner, or the person for the time being receiving the rent of any premises, solely or as joint-tenant, or tenant in common with others, or receiving the rent of any premises whether on his own behalf or that of any other person, or, where the owner cannot be found or ascertained, the occupier; and for the purposes of this Ordinance every mortgagee in possession shall be deemed an Owner.\n\n14. Person (and words applied in this Ordinance to any individual).--Corporations, Companies, and Associations.\n\n15. Premises.--Any land, building, or structure of any kind, footway, yard, alley, court, garden, stream, nullah, pond, pool, paddy-field, marsh, drain, ditch, or place open, covered, or enclosed, cess-pool or foreshore, also any vessel or boat lying within the waters of the Colony.\n\n16. Secretary.--The Secretary to the Sanitary Board duly appointed under the provisions of Section 6 of this Ordinance.\n\n17. Tenant.--Any person who leases direct from any Householder the whole of any floor or floors of any building or tenement-house.\n\n18. Tenement-House.--Any domestic building let to and inhabited by more than one occupier or family, as tenants of a common landlord, or as sub-tenants of a tenant of any portion of such domestic building.\n\n19. Vessel.--Any steam or sailing ship, launch, junk, lighter, sampan, or boat.\n\n4. The Board shall consist of the Surveyor General, the Registrar General, the Captain Superintendent of Police, the Colonial Surgeon, and not more than six additional members, four of whom (two being Chinese) shall be appointed by the Governor, and two elected by such rate-payers as are included in the Special and Common Jury Lists, and also by such rate-payers as are exempted from serving on juries on account of their professional avocations. Non-official members of the Board shall hold office for three years.\n\n6. The mode of election, the proceedings incident thereto, and all other matters relating to the election of the said members, by the said rate-payers, shall be governed by Rules made by the Governor in Council, who may, from time to time, add to, vary, or revoke, any of the said Rules.\n\n6. The Governor shall appoint the President, Vice-President, and Secretary of the Board, and the names of all members appointed to the Board shall be forthwith notified in the Government Gazette, and any number of the Government Gazette, containing a notice of any such appointments shall be deemed sufficient evidence thereof, before any Magistrate or Court of Law.\n\n7. If any member of the Board be at any time prevented by absence or other cause from acting for more than six months, the Governor may appoint, or, if the member has been elected, the electors may nominate some other person to replace such member, until he shall be able to resume his functions.\n\n8. The Board shall be held to be legally constituted, notwithstanding any vacancies occurring therein by death, absence, resignation, or incapacity of any member.\n\n9. The Governor may appoint such officers as he shall see fit to be Sanitary Superintendent, Sanitary Surveyors, Inspectors of Nuisances, and such other servants as the Board may from time to time recommend, and there shall be paid from the Colonial Treasury to such officers, such salaries and allowances as the Governor, with the consent of the Legislative Council, may from time to time determine.\n\n10. The Board shall meet once in every alternate week and oftener if need be, and may adjourn from time to time. The President may at any time, and shall, on a requisition signed by three members of the Board, summon a meeting thereof.\n\n11. Any four members shall be a quorum for the despatch of business, and at every meeting, the President or Vice-President shall preside, or, in their absence, the members present shall appoint a Chairman. The President or Vice-President or in their absence the Chairman so appointed, shall have a deliberative and a casting vote.\n\n12. The Board may from time to time make Standing Orders for regulating the mode and order of procedure at its meetings, for the appointment of Select Committees, for the conduct of its business between such meetings, and for the guidance of its Officers, and may from time to time alter and amend such Standing Orders.\n\n13. The Board shall have power to make, and when made, to alter, amend, or revoke Bye-Laws with regard to the following matters:-\n\n1. The proper construction, trapping, ventilating, and maintenance of private house-drains in the City of Victoria, and the villages, and rural districts of Hongkong and Kowloon,\n\n2. The provision and proper construction of dust boxes in private premises.\n\n3. The provision of adequate subsoil drainage in order to arrest damp in dwelling-houses.\n\n4. The cleansing, lime-whiting, and proper sanitary maintenance of all premises in the Colony.\n\n5. The sanitary maintenance of public latrines, urinals, dust-bins, and manure-depôts.\n\n6. Surface scavenging, the removal and disposal of night soil and of other refuse.\n\n7. The closing of premises unfit for human habitation and the prohibition of their use as such.\n\n8. The protection of the public water supply from pollution.\n\n9. The prevention of the manufacture or sale of unsound, adulterated, or unwholesome food.\n\n10. The regulation of bakehouses, dairies, aerated water manufactories, and food preserving establishments.\n\n11. The prohibition of the establishment within certain limits, and the control of any noxious or offensive trade, business, or manufacture.\n\n12. The sanitary maintenance of Common Lodging-Houses, opium smoking divans, factories, and places of public instruction, recreation, or assembly.\n\n13. The prevention of overcrowding in premises, either in respect of human beings or the lower animals.\n\n14. The licensing and regulation of all depôts and pens for cattle, pigs, sheep, and goats.\n\n15. The sanitary maintenance of markets and slaughter-houses.\n\n16. The construction, licensing, and proper sanitary maintenance of pig-sties in private premises.\n\n17. The cleansing of vessels, and the maintenance of cleanliness in the harbour of Victoria, the waters of the Colony, and the foreshores thereof.\n\n18. The disposal of the dead, the disinfection of dead bodies, and the sanitary maintenance of mortuaries and cemeteries.\n\n19. The compulsory vacating of infected premises, and the disinfection and purification of the same.\n\n20. The disinfection and purification of all infected vessels and public vehicles.\n\n21. The mitigation or prevention of epidemic, endemic, or contagious disease among animals.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 335137,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 419,
        "title": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "The Un-Official Members wishing to record their votes against the passing of the Bill, a division was taken, which resulted as follows:-\n\nAyes.\n\nTHE HARBOUR MASTER.\n\nTHE SURVEYOR GENERAL.\n\nTHE COLONIAL TREASURER,\n\nTHE ACTING ATTORNEY GENERAL.\n\nTHE ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY.\n\nTHE ACTING CHIEF JUSTICE.\n\nNoes.\n\nHonourable A. P. MACEWEN,\n\nC. P. CHATER.\n\nJ. BELL-IRVING.\n\nWONG SHING.\n\nP. RYRIE.\n\nThe Bill was passed by a majority of one, and numbered as Ordinance No. 24 of 1887.\n\nCLOSING OF THE SESSION.-His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government then closed the Session with the following speech :-\n\nHONOURABLE GENTLEMEN OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL,\n\nThe time has now arrived for closing this session, and it will be for the consideration of His Excellency the Governor, Sir G. WILLIAM DES Vœux when the Council is to re-assemble. The Session of 1886-1887 has been unusually prolonged for the purpose of disposing of that vexed and long pending question \"The Public Health Ordinance,\" and it is hoped you will be well repaid for your labours, when, in the course of time, the benefits conferred by this Bill will have practically manifested themselves, and been duly recognized by the Public.\n\nThe Opium Ordinance, as far as can be seen, is fully realizing the anticipations of Government in improving our friendly relations with China, whilst in no way injuring the interests of the honest trader. The Ordinance has been worked locally without, I believe, any friction or inconveniences to our own people, and the Chinese Commissioner of Customs informs me that smuggling has been effectually stopped.\n\nComplaints on the part of the merchants regarding increased duties imposed on certain articles of commerce have been met in a friendly and accommodating spirit by the Chinese Foreign Collectorate, and my despatches on the subject, which are, confidentially, open to the perusal of Honourable Members, will, I trust, have properly represented the commercial interests of the Community.\n\nThe invaluable services of His Honour, Acting Chief Justice RUSSELL, who has been chiefly instrumental in bringing about so happy a settlement of this difficult and embarrassing Opium question, have been fully recognized by Her Majesty's Government and the Government of Hongkong, and he well deserves the thanks of the whole community whose interests he has so well represented.\n\nMr. SETH has been most indefatigable and able in his management of the Opium Office, and to him is largely due the successful working of the Ordinance.\n\nAmong other Ordinances which have been passed this Session and which call for remarks are-\n\n1. Post Office,\n\n2. Police Force,\n\n3. Juries and Licences,\n\nhave been amended and consolidated by several Ordinances passed this session.\n\n4. The Law concerning Joint Stock Companies has by Ordinance No. 30 of 1886 been amended and improved by the introduction into this Colony of the provisions of certain Imperial Statutes.\n\n5. Closely allied to these three Ordinances is that of No. 16 of 1887 empowering the Courts to award whipping for certain crimes-an Ordinance which it is hoped will act as a strong and effectual deterrent, and will therefore not be often put into force.\n\n6. The Cattle Diseases, Slaughter House, and Markets Ordinance (No. 17 of 1887) is a useful and practical piece of legislation, the object of which is to secure the Colony from the introduction of cattle plague or other infectious diseases, the better regulation of our slaughter houses, and the cleanliness and good order of our markets.\n\n7. The Ordinances relating to the protection of adopted daughters and young girls has been furthered by the passing of Ordinance No. 9 of 1887.\n\n8. The work of the Law Revision Committee and the preparation of the revised edition of the Ordinances has been furthered by the passing of these Ordinances and by the Statute Law Revision Ordinance No. 4 of 1887, which finally repeals and removes from our Statute Book no less than 102 Ordinances and parts of 5 others.\n\n9. The cause of order and peace in the Colony has been further promoted by the passing-\n\ni. Of an Ordinance regulating the carriage and possession of arms.\n\nii. Of an Ordinance enabling Government to take steps for the suppression of the Triad and other unlawful Societies, and\n\niii. Of an Ordinance for the more effectual prevention of crime by placing under police supervision all criminals who are liberated from gaol before expiry of their sentence.\n\nThe necessity of the second mentioned Ordinance was strongly urged on the Government by a Commission which was appointed to enquire into Secret Societies, and which proved to what an extent these unlawful Societies existed here, and the power which they were enabled to exercise, a power which they used not only for their personal benefit, but often to the prejudice of justice by the help which they extended to criminals.\n\nThe improvement in the discipline and management of the Gaol has been well maintained, and acts as a wholesome deterrent to crime.\n\nThe large increase in the total tonnage of shipping entering this port, as shown in the Harbour Master's report, speaks well for the growing prosperity of the Colony, which is still further evidenced by the steadily increasing population and extensive building and reclamation operations either in progress or being planned.\n\nThere is apparently every sign that this prosperity, in which we are happy to see our Chinese fellow-citizens so largely participating, is of a substantial and lasting character, and that the Colony has a great future before it.\n\nIn respect of Public Works and Improvements, as satisfactory progress has been made as could be expected under the difficulties of the rainy season.\n\nAmong the more important undertakings of the year may be mentioned the extension of the main sewers of the town on improved sanitary principles. Another instalment of nearly two miles of these new main drains has been added to those previously existing since my predecessor last addressed you.\n\nThe new Victoria College works are now well advanced, and it is anticipated that the new building will be ready for occupation during the earlier portion of next year. Unforeseen legal difficulties in clearing the Central Market of its tenants have led to some delay in the commencement of the new Public Market, but these difficulties having now been surmounted, arrangements have been made to begin the new market buildings early next month when the rainy season will have practically come to a close.\n\nThe tunnel under the Tytam mountain range being now open throughout, the extension of the public water supply is rapidly approaching completion.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 341637,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-245 - Acting Governor Fleming - 1890 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 20,
        "title": "CO129-245 - Acting Governor Fleming - 1890 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "18\n\ncapital reduced and its constitution altered or the thing wound up.\n\n5th. Because, assuming this again to be a reconstruction ordinance, which it is not, it has been passed through the Council without adequate notice to the public or the shareholders, who are to be found in England as well as in the East, I admit that the rules of Council as to private bills have been complied with, but they are wholly inadequate and in Council, there has been no enquiry whatever into the truth of the statements in the preamble \"that it is desirable to authorise the company to transact business elsewhere than in the Colony\".\n\n6th. Because, even if it be desirable to extend the powers of the company, the extension sought for is far too wide and unlimited.\n\n7th. Because, as I stated to begin with, the ordinance is in direct violation of the existing Imperial and Local law on the subject of companies, and is, in my opinion, entirely beyond the powers of a local and limited Legislative Assembly like ours. The Imperial Parliament can do what it likes, but with all its powers, it would, I feel certain, never pass such an act as the present ordinance. Colonial Legislatures have really very limited powers and they are expressly forbidden from passing ordinances that run counter to the great lines of English legislation.\n\nFor these reasons I humbly ask Your Excellency to disallow the HONGKONG LAND INVESTMENT AND AGENCY COMPANY LIMITED ORDINANCE.\n\nI have &c.\n\n(Signed) J. J. Francis,\n\nQueen's Counsel.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-245 - Acting Governor Fleming - 1890 [5-7].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 348662,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 395,
        "title": "CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "# MATERIALS FOR A HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN HONGKONG.\n\nThe Government Schools increased, during the year 1871, in number but not in attendances. At the Central School 234 boys, costing $20.19 per head, were in average attendance, whilst 25 Village Schools (which term, in Dr. Stewart's time, always included also the Schools in town outside Central School) had only 259 scholars, costing $3.84, in average attendance. Accordingly Dr. Stewart urges once more the introduction of a compulsory education law. For the Central School, moreover, he asked for an entirely new building, but it took nearly 20 years before this reasonable wish was fulfilled. Nearly all the nationalities in the Colony were by this time represented in the Central School which, small as it then was, constituted a perfect model of an Anglo-Chinese School in its organization, methods, and discipline. Mathematical drawing had been added in this year to the extra subjects of the School.\n\n## 1872\nAs regards the Protestant Schools, there was, in the year 1872, a slight sign of reviving educational energy, as a School (which has endured to the present day) was started by a new agency. The Basel Mission, in the person of the Rev. J. O. Loercher, established an admirably organized School, at a cost of $1200 only, with 62 Hakka girls under 3 Chinese teachers (50 of the girls being boarders). The Diocesan School under Mr. and Mrs. Arthur continued its work with 16 boys and 1 girl (all boarders), at a cost of $4500. The London Mission had 30 Chinese boys under instruction at Taipingshan and 40 Chinese boys at Wanchai. Each of these two Schools cost $806. At the Berlin Mission, Miss F. Schroeder, with the assistance of a Chinese teacher, had 18 Chinese girls under instruction. The first Sunday School, on record, was opened at Union Church by Dr. Legge, where 18 boys and 20 girls, all non-Chinese and mostly English, received weekly instruction.\n\nAmong the Roman Catholic Schools, St. Saviour's College maintained its ground with an improved staff (Messrs. J. Terry, J. Hanlon, J. M. S. Souza, J. Baptists, R. Pinto, Sam Mat-chi, J. McDonald, and Chun Tar-nhi), there being 146 boys under instruction at a cost of $3,660. The Industrial Schools of the Westpoint Reformatory, under the direction of Father Burghignoli, were attended by 55 boys and cost $3,000. Three private Portuguese Schools were continued during this year, Mr. M. Callado having 20 boys under instruction, Mrs. J. Ferraz 10 girls, and Mrs. M. Remedios also 10 girls. At the Italian Convent, there were Infant Schools in operation of which there are, however, no statistics available. In the three Girls' Schools, the Italian Sisters had 175 girls under instruction and, moreover, they now added a Boys School attended by 25 boys (under 10 years). At Spring Gardens, the Italian Sisters continued their Girls School with 20 girls under the tuition of Sister Matilda. In the same neighbourhood, the Propaganda Society continued their Boys School, now under Mr. Wan Fong, with 38 boys. The foregoing two Schools cost $840. The Pottinger Street Seminary, under Father Longe, was attended by 9 students, costing $180. No School of the French sisters is recorded as in operation during this year.\n\nThe Government Schools, now 30 in number, enjoyed at last a somewhat increased attendance. At the Central School 281 boys, costing $22.06 per head, and, at the 29 outside Schools, as many as 674 scholars, costing $13.1 per head, were in average attendance. The total enrolment amounted to 1180 scholars. As regards the working of the Grant-in-Aid system, Dr. Stewart's illusion was now dispelled, as he says in his report, 'the giving of Grants-in-Aid to certain Schools, which at first gave promise of much good, is not proving so beneficial a measure as was anticipated.' As regards the Central School, Dr. Stewart was by this time so satisfied with its working and with the appreciation it met with on the part of the public, that he indulged in the over-sanguine expectation that if a new building and additional masters were obtained, the Central School might be made to supply all the educational wants of the Colony. The fact that, in 1872, as many as 88 boys of non-Chinese nationalities attended the Central School may have originated this illusion, which present experience has entirely dispelled.\n\nDr. Stewart's assertion, that the Central School might be made to supply all the educational wants of the Colony, was directly intended as an official contradiction of the views then entertained by a considerable section of the community, who, sharing the views formerly expressed by Mr. Shortrede in 1855, disliked sending their sons to an institution like the Central School where, among a promiscuous mixture of nationalities, the Chinese vastly predominated. The feeling at the bottom of this movement was prompted by a national bias and manifested itself in a decided objection to school associations with Chinese in particular, but it was a feeling very natural in a British Colony and one that will never be satisfied until this Colony obtains at last the boon, at the present day still unfulfilled, viz. a Public School for European children of both sexes. On 29th April, 1872, the Hon. Ph. Ryrie stated in Legislative Council that the Community felt the need of a School for the education of middle-class Europeans. The Governor, desirous probably of testing the public character of Mr. Ryrie's motion, at once suggested that a public meeting should be convened to discuss the question. When that meeting was held (26th June, 1872), it appeared that a majority of the public did recognize the need for a School such as Mr. Ryrie desired, but wished it to be a secular School. Accordingly, a Committee (Messrs. E. R. Belilios, F. Stewart, J. Greig, Captain Sands, Mudy, Rozario, and Ph. Ryrie) was appointed, from which every missionary and clergyman interested in the proposed School was carefully excluded. This Committee was instructed to collect statistics as to the probable support the School would receive from the public, to ascertain if St. Paul's College might be utilized for the purpose, and to report to the Governor stating what initial help, if any, would be necessary from the Government.\n\n## 41\n\nThis attempt to turn the very School (St. Paul's College) which for so many years had formed the centre of religious education, even for the Government Schools of the Colony, into a secular School, with the open approval of the head of the Government, is a characteristic evidence of the change which had come over the Colony. The attempt proved, however, futile, and Mr. Ryrie's whole scheme miscarried. The only tangible result of this movement was the formation of a private venture School, called Victoria English School, taught by Mr. and Mrs. Hanlon, which was for several years under the nominal management of Mr. Ryrie (as a Grant-in-Aid School) and then came under Roman Catholic management, which has preserved the School to the present day as a Roman Catholic Mission School. Such is the irony of fate; the only secular School, ever established by the Hongkong public, maintained its existence only by becoming a denominational School. As to the Chinese community, the former pupils of St. Paul's College held, a few days before that secular public assembly, a meeting of their own at which they expressed their view of the situation by resolving to erect a monument in memory of the late Bishop Smith.\n\n## 1873\nThe year 1873 forms an important turning point in the history of local education, as it witnessed the introduction of the Grant-in-Aid Scheme. Just when the secular party had attained the zenith of their power in Hongkong, thought even of turning St. Paul's College into a non-religious institution, and launched an imitation of Forster's Grant-in-Aid Act (1870) expressly intended to bring the Mission Schools of Hongkong under the same secular bondage as the Government Schools, it so happened that the upholders of the secular system...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-254 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1892 [1-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 353562,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-261 - Public Offices & Others - 1893",
        "page_number": 550,
        "title": "CO129-261 - Public Offices & Others - 1893",
        "content_text": "Page 546\n\nin fact case f\n\nanchemist or Druggist\n\n& new\n\n5 in.\n\nA BILL\n\nENTITLED\n\nAn Ordinance for the regulation of the consumption of Morphine and for the suppression of the pernicious practice of administering or injecting preparations of Morphine by unqualified persons.\n\nWHEREAS it is desirable to unite the assembly of morphine in this Colony and to forbid the practice of someone injecting of preparations of Morphine except in cases where such treatment has been prescribed by some duly qualified medical practitioner and to make\n\nBe it enacted by the Governor of Hongkong, with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows:-\n\n1. This Ordinance may be cited as The Morphine Ordinance, 1893.\n\n2. For the purposes of this Ordinance, Morphine shall include Morphia and every preparation thereof.\n\n3. Any person, not being a duly qualified medical practitioner, who shall administer by injection or otherwise any Morphine to any other person, except in cases where the same has been prescribed by some duly qualified medical practitioner, shall, on conviction before a Magistrate, be liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars or to imprisonment with or without hard labour not exceeding three months.\n\nThe onus of proving the exception shall lie on the person administering the Morphine.\n\n4. Any person, not being a duly qualified medical practitioner, who shall, except in cases where Morphine has been prescribed by some duly qualified medical practitioner, furnish Morphine or a hypodermic syringe or other appliance for the injection of Morphine to any person, except a duly qualified medical practitioner shall, on conviction before a Magistrate, be liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars, or to imprisonment with or without hard labour not exceeding three months.\n\nThe onus of proving the exception shall lie on the person furnishing Morphine or a hypodermic syringe or other appliance as aforesaid.\n\nShort title\n\nInterpretation.\n\nInjection of morphine forbidden in certain cases\n\nonus of proof.\n\nFurnishing appliances for self-injection\n\n5. Any person, not being a duly qualified medical practitioner or a chemist or druggist actually carrying business as such, who shall have in his possession any Morphine or any preparation of Morphine shall on conviction before a Magistrate be liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars and, in default of payment, to imprisonment with or without hard labour not exceeding three months. Provided that this section shall not apply to cases where Morphine has been prescribed by a duly qualified medical practitioner.\n\n8. No prosecution shall be commenced under section 5 of this Ordinance without the fiat of the Attorney-General.\n\nFine and Imprisonment\n\nPage 546\n\n...\n\n \n73)\n\nwas removed as it is not clear what it refers to, and the rest of the text is formatted according to the rules. The original text had many OCR errors, which were corrected. The text is now in HTML format using  for paragraphs. The original page numbering is preserved. The text is not translated, and no comments are added. The file references are formatted correctly without spaces inside parentheses. The text is reordered to make sense, and the Chinese writing direction is not relevant in this case as the text is primarily in English. The data in tables is not present in this text. The output is in HTML format as required.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-261 - Public Offices & Others - 1893.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 354555,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-263 - Acting Governor Barker Governor Sir Robinson - 1894 [5-8]",
        "page_number": 289,
        "title": "CO129-263 - Acting Governor Barker Governor Sir Robinson - 1894 [5-8]",
        "content_text": "Crown Colony, but it has thriven, it is not too much to say. The petitioners mention four colonies to which self-government limits have been conceded. They are Malta, Cyprus, Mauritius, British Honduras. Hongkong differs from all these. It is much smaller, it is much younger, has practically no history, no traditions, and no descendants of old colonists. It has no indigenous population, few permanent residents, and is an outpost in a foreign land, more like Gibraltar than either of the four dependencies mentioned above, though it is much less of a fortress and more of a trade emporium than Gibraltar.\n\nTaking the claims which the petitioners have put forward. The first is Free election of representatives of British nationality in the Legislative Council. They look for an elected Assembly, they ask at the same time that only British nationality should be represented! The words are cleverly chosen. Do they mean that the electors may be of any nationality but that they are to elect only representatives of British nationality? In other words, may Chinamen vote as long as only Englishmen are elected?\n\nIs British nationality synonymous with British Subjects, & does British Birth mean origin? The common sense meaning of the words is that the English residents in Hongkong shall elect representatives to the Legislative Council, and this is probably intended, though the framers of the petition can, if they will, put another construction on their phrase. If this is so, the petitioners ask for a chamber containing an elective element, to be elected on a franchise running along a very narrow line.\n\nIt has always seemed to me that the Constitutions of those Crown Colonies, which are not fully self-governing colonies, are the worst features in the English colonial system. They are",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-263 - Acting Governor Barker Governor Sir Robinson - 1894 [5-8].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 354572,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-263 - Acting Governor Barker Governor Sir Robinson - 1894 [5-8]",
        "page_number": 306,
        "title": "CO129-263 - Acting Governor Barker Governor Sir Robinson - 1894 [5-8]",
        "content_text": "addressed to Governors of Colonies where \"Houses of Assembly\" were in existence. Difficulties in \n\nThe Barbados have been set at \n\nrest by the appointment of \n\nthe Executive Committee which was established during my tenure of office there. In the Bahamas Unofficial \n\nMembers are still seated at \n\nthe Executive Council table. \n\nIf Your Lordship \n\nshould desire to make \n\nany \n\nsuch \n\n303 \n\n17 \n\nsuch concession in the case \n\nof Hongkong, and it would undoubtedly be a \n\nvery popular and I do not think an alto- \n\ngether impolitic concession, I would advise in the absence of any Chinaman fitted for \n\nthe post the appointment to the Executive and Legislative Councils of either the Hon. J.J. Keswick, or of Mr. Thomas Jackson, the Manager of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation. \n\nIf \n\n19 S\n\n \nPage 303\n\n17\n\n...\n\nPage 19 S",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-263 - Acting Governor Barker Governor Sir Robinson - 1894 [5-8].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 356590,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-266 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1895 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 121,
        "title": "CO129-266 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1895 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "# Enclosure \n→ The North-China Daily News. \n\n**IMPARTIAL NOT NEUTRAL,** \nHONGKONG, 9TH JANUARY, 1895. \n\n## HEALTH IN HONGKONG \n\nA year ago 1894 must have been ended in Hongkong with a sense of relief. It began badly with a sudden and prolonged drop in exchange which brought in its train misery to many. Let us hope, wisdom too.\n\nHardly had the Colony begun to accommodate itself to an altered standard of living, when a riot broke out among the Chinese, the danger of which was not, perhaps, sufficiently appreciated at the time. As a matter of fact, it was a serious riot which cost no small amount of trouble and anxiety to subdue. To the riot succeeded the Plague, than which no more weighty misfortune ever befallen the Gibraltar of the East. The calamity was not without its uses in the fine public spirit it provoked. There was an absence of anything like panic among the English. The disease was faced and fought calmly and resolutely, with a zeal and devotion, both civil and military, not unworthy of the traditions of the race from which they sprang. Even when the fight was done, the shadow of Death still hovered near, and as the year drew to a close, the beat of his wings was heard in the death of more than one, who in public and social life had earned the respect and regard of the community in which they had lived and borne their part.\n\nIf we are to learn from the lessons of the past, a retrospect such as this cannot be without its value. It should teach us at least to investigate the causes of our ills; to remove them when possible; and, where that is deemed to be impracticable, to endure the results with patience. Exchange is one of these evils, not perhaps remediable but to which, pace the metallists, we have learned in our generation to bow the head. It may be hoped that it will be ameliorated and finally extinguished with the growing intimacy of our relations with our Chinese fellow-subjects. Death still comes with equal foot and irresistible to the door of rich and poor. His servant, the Plague, has been fought and conquered; ought never, indeed, to have won his temporary victory, but for supineness and neglect. Overcrowded dwellings, contaminated wells, defective sanitation were the sources of weakness: the springs of the strength of the enemy. The lesson is writ large - abolish these and you banish the Plague.\n\nAnd now let us see how Hongkong has taken the lesson to heart. The Public Health Bill passed its first reading as far back as last September. Since then, it has been discussed and overhauled by official and unofficial members, referred to that sapient body, the Sanitary Board for consideration and re-drafted about half-a-dozen times by the Attorney-General. In fine, no stone appears to have been left unturned to render as free from fault as possible the measure which at last advanced to the second reading stage at the Hongkong Legislative Council on the 22nd ultimo. It would be an abuse of language to describe this deliberate method of procedure as legislation in a panic. Ample time had been given for full discussion, and yet one of the unofficial members had the hardihood to ask for an adjournment on the plea that further time was required for consideration. This preposterous request having fallen to the ground, the obstructive tactics of the opposition were turned upon the Bill itself.\n\nIt is unnecessary to deal with the Bill in detail. It was admirably summarised in a lucid and cogent speech by the Attorney-General. Suffice it to say that the sections making provision for requirements of floor and air space, powers of house inspection, the closing of wells and the shutting up of houses where two or more convictions have been obtained within three months, were each and all opposed by the unofficial members in a body. The Amendment to the first of these sections proposed to substitute 21 square feet of floor space instead of 30 feet, and 800 instead of 400 cubic feet of air space, that is to say just one fifth of the air space required by law for every prisoner in Victoria Gaol. In the second section referred to, Doctor Ho Kai proposed to confine the inspection to common lodging houses. The third section was opposed on the ground that the use of wells might still be safely allowed for fire and drain purposes. And in the fourth, it was proposed that the house should only be closed when the conviction had been obtained against the same person.\n\nNow it is plain that these sections form the very head and front of the Bill. Under the old figures of section I, a floor might be covered with coolies lying on their backs, one man's head within 6 inches of the feet of the other, and a space of 6 inches round each. No one will contend that that would not be overcrowding, and everyone, who knows anything of the Chinese and their habits, knows that that is just what would take place. It is idle to legislate against overcrowding unless you determine the number of occupants to each house. Even then, your efforts will be foiled without a thorough-going system of inspection. How else is it possible to check the herding of Chinese? The proposal to limit the inspection to common lodging houses would nullify, and was intended to nullify, all provisions against overcrowding. So with regard to the closing of wells, you may put up what notices you please, the Chinese will continue to use water nearest at hand, contaminated or not, and, lastly, it is useless to hope to reach the offender unless you close the house after two or more convictions. It passes the wit of man to devise other means for catching a Chinaman. Suppose the Amendment of Mr. Belilios carried and the conviction required against the same person, who does not see that as soon as one offending tenant was evicted, his brother would take his place, and then his cousin, and so on through the long gamut of Chinese relationships. The fact is, the amendments were simply a barefaced attempt in the interests of a few landlords, whose pockets were likely to be affected, to wreck the Bill. In vain is the net spread in the sight of any bird.\n\nThe Bill is a thoroughly practical and well-considered measure. It is urgently needed. It is supported by the Press and by the great body of educated opinion in the Colony. It may even be doubted whether the landlords are not unnecessarily alarmed. Plagues are expensive things and, if they cast their bread upon the waters now, the landlords may find it coming back to them after many days in the shape of increased rents from healthier and wealthier tenantry. In any case, it would be as well for them to reflect that, in spite of all their efforts, the Government is determined to set its house in order. They cannot afford to run the risk of another outbreak of the Plague. The opposition will be brushed aside by a compact Government majority and the Bill will shortly pass into law.\n\nSo far, good. But he would be a shallow observer who would say that, therefore, obstruction does not matter. A wider issue is being raised by the opposition than they themselves seem to be aware of, in the spectacle of a Legislative Assembly, where the Government is found engaged in a struggle for the public weal against the public representatives themselves. We are forced, not for the first time, to ask whether representative Government in Hongkong has not been made a failure and a sham by the unworthy tactics of men who seek their own ends, thrusting better men out of their places, and robbing the word \"Honourable,\" applied to political life, of half its significance. People are being led to seriously ask themselves if it would not be better to do away with it altogether, if the affairs of the Colony would not be better administered under a strong Governor with Downing Street behind him as a court of appeal. And in the present state of affairs in Hongkong, we think they would.\n\n## Page 118 \n\nI have the honour to be, \nMy Lord Marquess, \nYour Lordship's Most Obedient \nHumble Servant, \nWain Rehnis \nRobwigy \n\nC. O. \n3001 \ndated 18 Feb 1895",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-266 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1895 [1-3].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 358002,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-268 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1895 [7-11]",
        "page_number": 167,
        "title": "CO129-268 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1895 [7-11]",
        "content_text": "# The Daily Press\n## HONGKONG, APRIL 5TH, 1895.\n### C. O. 14530 Nec Wer 19 095,\n\n## HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.\n\nA meeting of the Legislative Council was held yesterday afternoon. Present :--\n\nHis Excellency the Governor, Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.\nHon. J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary.\nHon. A. J. LEACH, Acting Attorney-General.\nHon. F. A. COOPER, Director of Public Works.\nHon. A. M. THOMPSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.\nHon. R. M. RUMSEY, Harbour Master.\nHon. C. P. CHATER.\nHon. HO KAI.\nHon. J. J. KESWICK.\nHon. E. E. BELILIOS C.M.G.\nHon. A. McCONNACHIE.\nMr. A. Seth, Clerk of Councils.\n\n## FINANCIAL BUSINESS.\n\nThe COLONIAL SECRETARY laid upon the table the report of the proceedings of the Finance Committee held on 28th March; and Financial minute No. 10 was referred to the Finance Committee.\n\n## THE SANITARY BY-LAWS.\n\nThe COLONIAL SECRETARY-I have to move that an additional by-law made under Section 13 of Ordinance 15 of 1894 be approved by this Council. The Council will remember at the last meeting but one a number of by-laws made under this section were approved by this Council. Among those by-laws there was one which did not then meet with the approval of the Council and it was decided that it should be referred back to the Sanitary Board for reconsideration. The Sanitary Board has reconsidered the by-law and it is now transmitted for the approval of this Council in a form which, I trust, will meet with the approval of all members of the Council.\n\nThe ACTING ATTORNEY-GENERAL-I beg to second that.\n\nHon. C. P. CHATER-I am well satisfied with the by-law as it now stands.\n\nCarried.\n\n## AN ORDINANCE REPEALED.\n\nThe ACTING ATTORNEY-GENERAL-I beg to move the first reading of a Bill entitled an Ordinance to repeal Ordinance No. 1 of 1864 entitled \"An Ordinance to provide for conversion of British Currency in all payments by or to the Government.\" The object of the Bill is to remove from the statute book this Ordinance which relates to the conversion of British currency, and which has practically become a dead letter by reason of the proclamation which was published in the Gazette on Saturday last. The proclamation, in terms, repeals this Ordinance, but it is considered better that the legislature which passed that Ordinance should also repeal it. I beg to move the first reading.\n\nThe COLONIAL SECRETARY-I beg to second. Bill read a first time.\n\n## A PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE.\n\nThe ACTING ATTORNEY-GENERAL-I have to move the second reading of the Immigration Ordinance. I stated on the last occasion that certain amendments had been proposed by the Sanitary Board, and that they had not then received the consideration they deserved, and I thought it would be desirable that they should be more fully considered before the Bill was read a second time. The amendments proposed have been generally accepted by the Government, and they are incorporated in the draft Bill before the Council to-day. The object of the Bill is, as I have stated, to enable the Governor in Council to prohibit the immigration of Chinese from any infected place where the bubonic plague prevails or exists. The Sanitary Board has recommended the extension of this to cholera, smallpox, and such other serious diseases which may be notified in the Gazette, and probably that extension, if the Bill is passed, will meet with the general approval of the Council. There are other small details and amendments they propose, but there is one more substantial amendment. They propose that the Governor should not only have the power to prohibit the importation of Chinese by sea, but by land also. That also has been adopted in the Bill. The prevention of plague is all important, not only to the welfare of the colony, but to the trade of the port. If the general impression be true that the plague came here, or was imported here last year, and did not, as it were, grow in the place, and therefore some power ought to be conferred upon the Governor to restrict the immigration, by land or by sea, of those who are likely to import it, or whose luggage and clothing might be brought with germs of disease in it. It might possibly temporarily prove hard or injurious to ship-owners and traders in the colony; but you will see from the Bill that this is only a temporary measure; it is not to be a permanent measure. The restriction is to last for such time as may be fixed by the Governor in Council. Quarantine, we are told by medical officers, to be really effectual, must be complete, that quarantine under local circumstances, and with the many possibilities of evading it, cannot be effectual as it is carried out in this colony. Therefore it is necessary for the Governor to come to Council for larger power of restriction, which is the object of this Bill. I think hon. members will agree with this. I believe the senior unofficial member wishes to make some alteration in a clause of the Bill, but it is not probable that the Governor in Council would issue proclamation of this description unless there is very serious reason to believe that the introduction of the plague, or other disease such as is mentioned, is likely. I think the Governor in Council must be given the credit for taking the greatest consideration and the deepest care in passing the proclamation. I believe the hon. the senior unofficial member wishes in some way, before the proclamation is put in force, that it should come before a meeting of the Legislative Council. He can easily adapt that clause, or introduce words into the clause which will prevent the proclamation coming into effect hastily. There must, however, always be some delay. I have no doubt that it will receive every consideration when the Bill comes before Committee. With these remarks I beg to move the second reading of the Bill.\n\nThe COLONIAL SECRETARY seconded. Bill read a second time, and Council went into Committee.\n\nOn the reading the first clause,\n\nHon. E. E. BELILIOS said-This is a matter which affects especially the shipping interests, and it will be wise, I think, to insert after the word \"Governor,\" \"in the Legislative Council;\" so that the line will read \"Governor in the Legislative Council.\" I am sure all unofficial members have been at the beck and call of your Excellency, and if we were asked to assemble, even if the notice was only an hour's notice, we were never reluctant to come here; and I think it will be wise if we are allowed an opportunity to express an opinion in the event of the necessity to prohibit or regulate immigration.\n\nHon. C. P. CHATER-The Acting Attorney-General informed us a little while ago that the unofficial members were anxious to introduce a few words into the clause which has just been read. The unofficial members met at a meeting called this forenoon at the request of my hon. friend opposite, and consequently it is he who moves the amendment. The object, sir, in trying to have this proclamation issued by the advice of the Legislative Council, and not the Governor in Council, is to strengthen your Excellency's hands. The clause reads as follows-\"Whenever the Governor in Council shall be satisfied that the bubonic plague, cholera, small-pox,\" &c. The Governor in Council is the Governor in Executive Council, whereas the amendment proposed by my hon. friend opposite is that the words shall be altered to \"Governor in Legislative Council,\" which includes all your own officials and the representatives of the public in the Council. Therefore, I think, as far as your Excellency is concerned, it would strengthen your Excellency's hand to have the proclamation issued by the Legislative Council. I have very great pleasure in seconding the amendment. Probably the wording of it might not be quite as proposed by the hon. member, but the Attorney-General may put it in proper form. I suggest, \"by the advice or recommendation of the Legislative Council.\"\n\nThe ACTING ATTORNEY-GENERAL-The meaning of Governor in Council is the Governor in Executive Council.\n\nThe COLONIAL SECRETARY-With regard to the proposed amendment, it appears to me to be undesirable. It has been stated clearly that the Governor in Council would issue no proclamation unless satisfied that these diseases are in existence, and that the proclamation is necessary. The hon. the unofficial member said that the object of the amendment was to strengthen the Governor's hand. I really fail to see how calling together an assembly of the Legislative Council...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-268 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1895 [7-11].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 386719,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "page_number": 174,
        "title": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "content_text": "disposal for various purposes, such, for instance, as the subsidizing of the new steamers running to Hong Kong and Kuang Chou Wan. On the other hand, the more aggressive features of his policy are certainly due to his own initiative. The following is an instance :--\n\nA certain launch, registered at the custom-house as the property of a French firm, began to anchor opposite the French Concession away from the proper launch anchorage. The Harbour-master addressed the recognized Agent of the launch, Chinese named Sit Man Kook, asking him to comply in future with the harbour rules. The letter was returned with the words \"Return to Sender\" written across it, and signed \"Hardouin\" (the French Consul).\n\nA protest from the Commissioner of Customs led to an explanation in which M. Hardouin pleaded his ignorance of the authority of the Harbour-master in such a matter, but agreed to recognize it for the future.\n\n## Office or Individual\n\n**Foreign**\n\n1902\n\n3 Jan**\n\n## Last previous Paper\n\n7\n\n## Putly\n\nNay trong\n\n**No.** | **No.**\n| --- | --- \n3/52 | \n\n## 24 AN 12\n\n173\n\n**DOMESTIC.**\n\nU.S. Philippine Commission\n\nDept. from Washington enclosing report with summary\n\nI have asked Col. France Strelop off.\n\n`B & L (F5)-30062` --- `20009-18-01`\n\n## Next subsequent Paper\n\nby aucas\n\n**(Minutes.)**\n\nI have delayed this, because to fully understand the report it was necessary to read the report published in January 1901, which had not been communicated to us with the report from the 7:0.\n\nI have borrowed a copy of that but have promised to return it. I think we ought to have \"it\" for reference; they will get a copy from Washington.\n\nA comparison of these two reports with that of Schurman's Commission (in `7293/1900`); a gathering that the opinion is in favour of American representation in the Civil Service.\n\nThe form of central Government consists of the Governor, an Executive Council (which is also occasionally called a Legislative Council), and an Assembly. The former will report to the President of the U.S.A. through the Secretary for War.\n\nThe Council is to be composed of Americans and Filipinos. I cannot find what proportion of",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 386724,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "page_number": 179,
        "title": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "content_text": "**SUMMARY**\n\n178  \n~100  \n24 AN 121  \n\nThe report recommends that the present form of Government should be continued until January 1904 when provisions might be made for a change in the form of Government so that it should consist of a civil Governor, a Legislative Council and a popular Assembly chosen by a limited electorate. The powers of the latter to be limited in various ways and the Legislative Council to be empowered to vote the supplies if the Assembly failed to do so.\n\nThe collapse of the insurrection came in May last and it is stated that outside the provinces of Batangas, Cebu, Bohol, Samar and Mindoro, there is peace in the Archipelago.\n\nThe Commission believe that the only way to teach the Philippine people how to govern themselves is to make a mixed Government of Americans and Filipinos giving the control to Americans for some time to come.\n\nThe Commissioners point out that after 400 years of",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 390541,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-320 - Governor Sir Blake Acting Governor May - 1903 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 94,
        "title": "CO129-320 - Governor Sir Blake Acting Governor May - 1903 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "# Extract from Hong Kong Daily Press\n\n## THE DEPARTURE OF SIR HENRY BLAKE\n\n### HONGKONG'S FAREWELL\n\nAfter five years of administration of the government of Hongkong, His Excellency Sir Henry A. Blake, G.C.M.G., departed on Saturday to take up the Governorship of Ceylon. The farewell greeting that he got from the community of the Colony was such as to leave a lasting memory in His Excellency's mind of the feelings of respect and affection with which he is regarded by the people of this Colony. Unfortunately, the weather was not auspicious, for it rained steadily all day long and the streets were ankle-deep in mud. Sir Henry Blake was accompanied by Lady Blake and Sir John Keane, A.L.C. The party left Government House shortly after eleven o'clock, in chairs, and proceeded to the City Hall where a large assembly of the citizens had met to present His Excellency with a farewell address. Afterwards, they proceeded to Blake Pier and went by launch out to the P. & O. s.s. Malta by which they are to journey to Ceylon.\n\n### ADDRESS AT THE CITY HALL\n\nFor the occasion, St. Andrew's Hall had been decorated with palm, ferns, and flowers under the superintendence of Mr. W. J. Tutcher of the Botanical and Afforestation Department. A raised platform was placed at the upper end. The Governor's party rode from Government House to the hall by way of Albert Road, past the Government offices into and down Garden Road, and across Queen's Road. The route was lined by the Indian soldiers of the 110th Mahrattas and 93rd Burmas. On arrival at the hall, His Excellency, accompanied by Lady Blake and Sir John Keane, took up his central position on the dais, the assembly standing up meanwhile. When seats had been resumed, His Honour the Chief Justice, Sir William Goodman, wearing his robes, entered by the side door, accompanied by the unofficial members of the Legislative Council and the committee of the Chamber of Commerce as follows: Sir Paul Chater, Hon. Gershom Stewart, Hon. C. W. Dickson, Hon. Dr. Ho Kai, Hon. Wei Yuk, Messrs. E. A. Hewett, D. R. Law, N. A. Siebs, A. G. Wood, J. R. M. Smith. Among others present in the hall were the Puisne Judge (Mr. A. G. Wise), the Colonial Secretary (Hon. F. H. May, C.M.G.), Hon. L. A. M. Johnston (Acting Colonial Treasurer), Hon. Sir H. S. Berkeley (Attorney-General), Hon. W. Chatham (Director of Public Works), Hon. Basil Taylor (Harbour Master), Hon. A. W. Brewin (Registrar-General), Dr. J. M. Atkinson, Colonel L. F. Brown, Colonel Birdwood, Colonel Wylly, Major Dopping Hepenstall, Messrs. C. A. Tomes, H. W. Looker, H. P. Tooker, A. Ramjohn, M. S. Northcote, H. N. Mody, A. G. Romano, Consul-General for Portugal; T. Liebert, Consul for France; E. Hamman, Consul for Belgium; L. Volpicelli, Consul-General for Italy; E. Mnelle, Consul for Peru, C. Clementi, H. W. Slade, E. H. Sharp, K.C., B. Layton, J. Hastings, H. J. Gedge, K. F. Johnston, Major Radcliff, M. W. Slade, E. A. Hewett, P. W. Sergeant, B. James, Bishop Piazzoli, Rev. Father Beaublat, Procureur des Missions Etrangères; Rev. Fathers Spada, de Maria, and Gabardi, Messrs. Ho Tang, Ho Fook, Ho Kom Tong, Chan Siu Ki, Yong Won Chang, Leung Pia Chi, Taung Shi Kai, Wong Kom Fuk, Lo Koon Ting, Fung Wa Chun, Lo Cheung Shiu, Lam Chi Fung, Chun Law Hung, and Ian Chu Pak; and a good proportion of ladies.\n\nAs the deputation entered the hall, the whole assembly rose to their feet.\n\nSir William Goodman then addressed His Excellency as follows: - Your Excellency,--- We have met here this morning to present to your Excellency an address from the people of this Colony expressing, now that you are about to leave us, their appreciation of your work here as Governor and their hearty good wishes for your success and well-being in the future. I feel it a great honour to have been specially asked to act on this occasion for those who have signed that address, representing, as they do, not only the British residents but also the various nationalities which go to make up the general community of Hongkong;\n\nof 254 November 1987. 5727 \nand in their name, I will ask your Excellency's permission to read that address and then to add a few words by way of personal expression.\n\nSir William then read the following address: -\n\n**To His Excellency Sir Henry Arthur Blake, G.C.M.G., Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Hongkong and its Dependencies and Vice-Admiral of the same.**\n\nYour Excellency, - We, the undersigned residents of Hongkong, on the eve of your departure to take up the important post His Majesty has been graciously pleased to confer upon you, desire to express our appreciation of the valuable services rendered to this Colony during your Excellency's term of office here. The administration of a Crown Colony at a distance of more than ten thousand miles from the mother country cannot, even in ordinary times, prove an easy task. We realise that the difficulties attendant upon a peaceful and successful government of this Colony were increased during the earlier period of your Excellency's tenure of office by the disastrous outbreak in the neighbouring Empire, and we are glad to think that at this critical period the government of the Colony was in your able hands.\n\nIt is impossible in the brief space afforded us by an address to go into detail as to the various phases of your Excellency's administration, but we would specially refer to a few of the more important.\n\nDuring your term of office, the boundaries of the Colony have been extended from 27 square miles to 400 square miles, an increase which naturally adds largely to the work of administration, and we rejoice to feel that the disturbances and resistance met with in taking over the New Territory were promptly and decisively overcome, and that the population have since maintained a peaceful and contented attitude, indicating the satisfaction they feel with the system of Government it has fallen upon your Excellency to introduce and administer for the last five years.\n\nThe projects for the erection of various urgently needed public buildings, notably the new Post Office, have been accelerated through your Excellency's personal endeavours.\n\nAmong other questions which have engaged your Excellency's attention has been the extending of the road-system of the Colony, and in particular the opening-up of the New Territory by the construction of the main Tai-po Road.\n\nThe proposed Praya East Reclamation Scheme, the immense importance of which your Excellency was prompt to recognise and strongly advocated, has up to the present been found impossible of execution owing to difficulties with certain of the authorities in England, but we trust that your efforts to secure this desired expansion of the city will ultimately be crowned with success.\n\nThe burning question of the site for the Naval Dock Yard has been dealt with so recently that it is unnecessary here to go into details, but the protest made by the Colony against the Admiralty scheme was warmly supported by your Excellency, who fully recognised the injury it would entail upon the City of Victoria. In this connection, we can assure you that the earnest endeavours made by your Excellency to induce the Naval Authorities to reconsider their adverse decision, and thus secure for the city an unbroken sea-front and its legitimate expansion, will be gratefully remembered.\n\nThe last and most important act of your Excellency's administration in this Colony has been the founding of the Hongkong Improvement Trust, which we are convinced will have far-reaching effects and will confer upon the Colony incalculable benefits which will last so long as Hongkong continues to be a centre for trade in the Far East.\n\nIt is, however, when we consider the health of the Colony, on which our prosperity so vitally depends, that the debt of gratitude which we owe to your Excellency becomes most manifest.\n\nThe all-important question of the Colony's water-supply has occupied much of your attention, particularly the most necessary works which you have inaugurated at ...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-320 - Governor Sir Blake Acting Governor May - 1903 [11-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 405064,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 259,
        "title": "CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "## COPY\n\n**Ron.** Colonial Secretary;\n\n0.\n\n255\n\n23783\n\n**RECE**  \nRect 2 JUL 06\n\nI shall in September next attain the age when  \nI may by Colonial Regulations be allowed to retire on a pension  \nshould I desire then to do so.\n\nI shall then have completed a continuous  \nperiod of more than 28 years employment in the permanent service of  \nthe Crown.\n\n2.\n\nMy service has been performed in the under-mentioned Colonies:\n\n(a) The Leeward Islands.\n\n(b) Fiji and the Western Pacific High Commission.\n\n(c) Hongkong.\n\n3. The Leeward Islands. Here I first received permanent employment, as Solicitor-General, in June, 1878. I had immediately previously acted as Attorney-General for ten months, relinquishing for that purpose my seats as an elected member of the local Legislative Assembly of Antigua, and of the General Legislative Assembly of the Leeward Islands respectively. During the term of my appointment in the Leeward Islands I acted as Attorney-General several times, I was an official member of the local Legislative Bodies of the Islands of Antigua, St. Kitts, and Dominica respectively, a J.P. and Visiting Justice of the Common Prison for the Leeward Islands, one of the trustees of the Public Library, and from time to time served on various public bodies and committees. In 1883 I was specially appointed a member of the Federal Executive Council, and in that year I acted as Colonial Secretary for three months (without additional pay) performing at the same time my duties as Acting Attorney-General.\n\n4. Fiji and the Western Pacific High Commission. My appointment to Fiji was as Attorney-General, dating from 21st August.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 405875,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 417,
        "title": "CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "Extract from the \"Hongkong Daily Press\" of 3rd October, 1906.\n\nDEATH OF CAPTAIN BARNES LAWRENCE.\n\nThe Hon. Captain Barnes Lawrence, Harbour Master, died yesterday afternoon at 1-50. The news, altogether unexpected so far as the community was concerned, came as a shock to all who heard it and the most profound regret and deepest sympathy were expressed on all hands. Everyone was sensible of the loss which the Colony had sustained, for in addition to being a most capable and courteous officer who discharged his duties in a manner that showed he had the best interests of the port at heart, he was a man beloved by all who knew him. In short, he was an excellent type of an English gentleman.\n\nSince the disastrous typhoon of 18th September, he was unusually depressed. The death of Bishop Hoare was a great blow to him and the sense of keen personal loss which he experienced affected his spirits. Then he contracted a chill in the course of his duties during the few days following the typhoon, and on Monday week, he was at duty as usual but was persuaded to go home, as it was apparent to those around him that he was anything but well. Still, nothing serious was anticipated. But complications ensued. His condition became more critical and his adviser, Dr. Marriot, last regarded it as grave. During the few days, he was kept alive on champagne, being unable to take any other form of nourishment. He gradually weakened and the end came peacefully yesterday afternoon.\n\nThe deceased officer was a man who had distinguished himself in the service of his country. Born in May, 1855, he was thus in his 52nd year when he died. Entering the Navy in 1876, he early saw active service. He took part in the punitive expedition up the Gambia River with the Naval Brigade during the Kafir War of 1877-8, and went through the Egyptian campaign in 1882. Prior to that, he saw service in China, being in 1879 lent by the Admiralty for work under the Chinese Government. In 1885, he was engaged on the Somali coast, and from 1892 to 1896, he was employed as commander in the Naval Intelligence Department. He was appointed Captain of the Port of Gibraltar in 1898, where he was a great influence for good among the men of both services. When the port passed into naval administration, it became necessary that an officer on the active list should fill the position. Captain Barnes-Lawrence was accordingly transferred to Hong Kong, where he arrived in the early part of 1904 and took over the duties of Harbour Master. The fact that he held two decorations, medals for the Egyptian and Kafir wars, testifies to his conduct in the time of battle.\n\nIt is no straining of language to say that Captain Barnes-Lawrence was the most popular man that ever filled the post of Harbour Master. Not only was he considerate in every respect to the members of the shipping community and always ready to advance their interests consistently with a due regard to the rights of the Colony, but he was kindly disposed to all who worked under him, and the staff at the Harbour Office feel that in his passing away, they have lost a real friend. He met everyone as a man, but no one ever failed to recognise his position. Apart from his duties in the Harbour Department, he took a not inconsiderable part in the government of the Colony. He had a seat at the Legislative Council, but though he was one of those members who was not always on his feet addressing the assembly, whenever he did speak, his words were listened to, and his opinions treated with the greatest respect. Only a few weeks ago, he made an interesting speech explaining the Ordinance to amend the Merchant Shipping Ordinance. Further consideration of this measure was to have engaged the Council last Thursday, but in the absence of the Harbour Master, it was postponed.\n\nAs one would expect from his kindly nature, he, associated with Mrs. Barnes-Lawrence, took a considerable interest in local philanthropic movements. He was an active worker in St. John's Cathedral, and was identified with the missionary movement. In addition to being Harbour Master, he acted as Marine Magistrate, in which capacity he always tempered justice with mercy. He was Emigration and Customs Officer, Registrar of Gunpowder Shipping, Superintendent of Depot, Collector of Light Dues, Superintendent of Imports and Exports, and agent for the Commercial Intelligence Department of the Board of Trade.\n\nDeep sympathy is extended to Mrs. Barnes-Lawrence and the Misses Barnes-Lawrence in their sad bereavement.\n\nThe funeral will take place this afternoon at five o'clock from the Naval Hospital.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 417376,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 88,
        "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "2\n\nIf under the present law a mark could be cancelled under circumstances as detailed above, I venture to think that your Excellency will see that some assurance from the Japanese Government which would cover cases of this sort will be required before any Convention can be concluded.\n\n(Translation.) (Confidential.)\n\nI take, &c.\n\n(Signed) CLAUDE M. MACDONALD,\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nCount Komura to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nSeptember 5, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Excellency's note of the 26th June, inquiring whether, in the event of a Convention being concluded between Great Britain and Japan for the mutual protection of trade-marks in China and Corea, and if His Majesty's Government agreed to accord complete reciprocity, the Japanese Government would give the protection of the Convention to the proprietors of British trade-marks registered in Japan but used only in China and Corea. Your Excellency asked as an example for an expression of opinion on the point whether, supposing that a British subject registered a trade-mark in the Japanese Patent Bureau for goods which he was dealing in Japan and China, and that he subsequently found the mark unsuited to the Japanese market and gave up using it in Japan, but continued the use of the mark in China, it would or would not be possible for an interested party to demand the cancellation of the registration of the mark under Article 12 of the Japanese Trade-mark Law, on the ground of the cessation of the business for which the mark was used by the proprietor. Your Excellency added that, supposing it were possible under the law now in force to obtain the cancellation of a registered trade-mark under the circumstances mentioned above, there would be no reason for concluding a Convention, unless an assurance were obtained from the Japanese Government which would cover such cases.\n\nIn reply, I have the honour to state that all revisions of Japanese laws require the assent of the Legislative Assembly, and the administrative Departments are quite unable to interfere therein. The interpretation of the laws is decided according to the independent opinion of the authorities concerned, who investigate any particular case. I regret, therefore, that I cannot venture to give the assurance of the Japanese Government desired by your Excellency in regard to the circumstances mentioned; but, in order to ascertain the opinion on the point of the administrative authorities concerned, I at once referred the substance of your Excellency's communication to the Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, and I am now in receipt of his reply, which is to the effect that under the Trade-mark Law at present in force in Japan it is not necessary, in obtaining registration of a trade-mark, to have a business in Japan at the time, nor does the right of exclusive use of a trade-mark expire if the trade-mark is not used, so long as the business is not ceded. As regards foreign registered trade-marks which have been registered also in Japan and are under the protection of the Japanese Trade-mark Law, the right of exclusive use of such marks does not expire even if the business and the use of the trade-mark be ceased in Japan and in places to which the protection of the Japanese Trade-mark Law extends, unless business be also ceased in the foreign country. But if a trade-mark is not a foreign registered trade-mark, but is merely a trade-mark registered by a foreigner in the same way as a Japanese in Japan only, the right of exclusive use of the mark expires with the cessation of business in Japan and places to which the protection of the Japanese Trade-mark Law extends. He considers, moreover, that the cancellation of registration due to the expiration of the right of exclusive use of a trade-mark is carried out by the official authority of the Patent Bureau in accordance with heading No. 13 of Article 14 and Article 17 of the Detailed Regulations for carrying out the Law of Trade-marks, and Article 71 of the Detailed Regulations for carrying out the Patent Law, and not by means of a legal suit or trial.\n\nI take, &c. (Signed) KOMURA JUTARO, Minister for Foreign Affairs.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nCHINA TRADE.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[34149]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[October 3.]\n\nSECTION 4.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received October 3.)\n\n(No. 374.) Sir,\n\nPeking, August 19, 1908. IN continuation of my despatch No. 336 of the 21st July, I have the honour to report that the question of the levy of li-kin on the Shanghae-Nanking Railway still remains unsettled.\n\nOn the 25th July the Board of Communications notified Mr. Bland, in writing, that instructions had been issued by the Revenue Council for the provisional issue of exemption certificates to cover duty-paid imports carried by the railway from one Treaty port to another.\n\nTo this Mr. Bland replied on the 29th July that, according to a telegram he had just received from Shanghae, permission to send goods under exemption certificate by the railway was still being refused, the Commissioner of Customs stating that the delay was due to opposition from the Viceroy of Nanking.\n\nIn a letter dated the 31st July from Messrs. Jardine, Matheson, and Co. to Mr. Bland, this statement regarding the Viceroy's opposition was confirmed; but, in replying on the 12th August to telegraphic inquiries made by me on the previous day, His Majesty's Consul-General stated that the rules proposed by the Imperial Maritime Customs had only been submitted to the Viceroy and the Acting Inspector-General on the 31st July, and that the delay was due to the fact that the Commissioner at Shanghae had been obliged to collaborate with his colleagues in Soochow, Chinkiang, and Nanking in drawing up his proposals.\n\nOn receipt of this information I immediately addressed a further note to Prince Ching, copy of which I have the honour to inclose, in which I again notified the Chinese Government that they would be held responsible for any claims arising out of this denial of a Treaty right.\n\nAs regards the observation contained in your despatch No. 313 of the 7th July regarding the contention of the Wai-wu Pu that the conditions under which rail-borne and water-borne goods are transported are not the same, the Board doubtless had in mind the fact that, while the system of exemption certificates was primarily introduced to meet the requirements of interport trade by steamer, special Regulations were found necessary to meet the case of interport traffic by the Lu-Han and Northern Railways in order to protect the revenue from losses by the discharge of goods at intermediate stations which are not Treaty ports.\n\nYour Highness,\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed) J. N. JORDAN,\n\nSir J. Jordan to Prince Ching.\n\nPeking, August 13, 1908. WITH reference to previous correspondence and repeated conversations on the subject of exemption certificates for goods carried by the Shanghae-Nanking Railway from one Treaty port to another, I regret to inform your Highness that, in spite of the assurances, both written and verbal, which the Board has given me for months past that these certificates would be issued by the Imperial Maritime Customs, the Commissioner at Shanghae still remains without authority to issue exemption certificates even for foreign goods.\n\nFrom a telegraphic report of His Majesty's Consul-General, dated yesterday, I learn that the delay has been due to the fact that the Commissioner at Shanghae was instructed to consult with his colleagues at other ports along the railway, and that the proposed rules were only submitted to the Viceroy at Nanking and the Acting Inspector-General of Customs on the 31st July.\n\n[1980-C-4]\n\n84",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 417571,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 283,
        "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "279\n\n2\n\nprepare a comprehensive scheme of constitutional government and to make recommendations as to the measures to be introduced in preparation for the assembly of a House of Representatives.\n\nThe memorialists have carefully studied the systems existing amongst other nations, and have endeavoured to select therefrom such provisions as are most suited to the requirements and traditions of China. The principle which they have throughout kept in view is that supreme authority must always remain with the Sovereign, and that the Constitution is founded on him. The House of Representatives is only a part of the Constitution, and cannot therefore introduce on its own authority any changes in the system of government. The object of the memorialists has been to prepare a system whereby, whilst the Sovereign's prerogative is in no way diminished, the people's interests may be advanced as much as possible.\n\nAs regards the methods of election to the House of Representatives, a list of Regulations is submitted, but more detailed Rules will subsequently be drawn up after further study of the question.\n\nMany preparatory measures must be introduced before the nation can be considered ready for the institution of a House of Representatives. As regards administrative measures which must be effected, the most important are the reform of the financial system and the taking of a census; and in a lesser degree the assimilation of Manchus and Chinese, the preparation of a code of laws, and the appointment of judicial officers. The chief means of preparing the people for the opening of a House of Representatives are the diffusion of education and the experience which they will gain from the establishment of Local Government Councils.\n\nThe memorialists recommend that nine years should be allowed for preparation prior to the convocation of a House of Representatives, i.e., until the year 1917.\n\nLists of the various Regulations prepared by the memorialists are appended.\n\nConstitutional Government.\n\nOUTLINE of a Scheme of Constitutional Government and General Rules with reference to the inauguration of a House of Representatives and the Method of Election thereto.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nA general control of all measures of government—legislative, administrative, or judicial—is vested in the Sovereign, but he is assisted in legislation by the Parliament, in the administration by his officers, and in judicial matters by the Courts, which are bound by the laws of the country.\n\nSection 1.—The Functions of the Sovereign.\n\n1. The sovereign power is vested for ever in the Ta Ch'ing dynasty.\n\n2. The person of the Sovereign is sacred and his prerogatives cannot be encroached upon.\n\n3. He has the power to proclaim laws and to sanction measures passed by Parliament. No measure passed by Parliament is effective until the Imperial assent has been signified.\n\n4. He has the power to summon, open, close, or dissolve the House of Representatives, and in the latter event will then issue instructions for a new election.\n\n5. The organization of the public service and the power of promoting or degrading officials. In this matter the Sovereign has the assistance of his high Ministers of State, and the House of Representatives cannot interfere.\n\n6. Administration of the land and sea forces, over which the House of Representatives has no control.\n\n7. International relations, including declarations of war, conclusion of Treaties, appointment and reception of Envoys. Such matters cannot be decided by the House of Representatives.\n\n8. The right to issue Edicts on his own initiative in times of crisis.\n\n9. The right of granting honours and pardons.\n\n10. General control of the administration of justice. This power is delegated by the Sovereign to the Courts, which are bound by the laws of the country, and these laws cannot be modified at will even by the Sovereign himself.\n\n11. The right of issuing Ordinances (\"Ming Ling\"), but such enactments have not the effect of altering or annulling established laws until discussed by the House of Representatives, submitted by Memorial to the Throne and approved.\n\n12. In the event of any crisis arising during the Parliamentary recess, the Sovereign has the right to issue mandates having the force of law and to raise whatever funds are required by this means. The matter must, however, be brought before the House of Representatives for discussion in the next Session.\n\n13. The expenditure for the Imperial household is regulated by the Sovereign, the amount required annually being drawn from the Treasury. This matter cannot be discussed by the House of Representatives.\n\n14. The laws for the government of the Imperial household are fixed by the Sovereign in consultation with members of the Imperial Family and officers specially appointed for the purpose. The House of Representatives has no concern therewith.\n\nSection 2.—The Rights and Duties of Officials and People.\n\n1. The right (subject to the possession of the necessary qualifications as fixed by law or Imperial Ordinance) of becoming civil or military officers or Members of the House of Representatives.\n\n2. The right, within the bounds of the law, of freedom of speech and of publication, of holding public meetings, and forming associations.\n\n3. Officials and people cannot be arrested, imprisoned, or otherwise punished except in accordance with law.\n\n4. The right of calling upon the Courts to try cases brought by them.\n\n5. They can only be tried in the proper Courts established by law.\n\n6. Freedom from unwarrantable interference with their property and dwellings.\n\n7. With regard to their obligations, they must pay such taxes and perform such military service as may be required by law.\n\n8. Taxes cannot be altered except by law.\n\n9. It is the duty of officials and people to obey the laws of the State.\n\nSection 3.—General Rules with regard to the House of Representatives.\n\n1. The House of Representatives has only the right of debate. It has no administrative functions, and its Resolutions do not become effective until the receipt of Imperial sanction.\n\n2. Only matters affecting the general interests of the whole country can be debated. The ordinary local affairs of a province cannot be discussed.\n\n3. All necessary annual disbursements fixed by the Sovereign or required by law cannot be withheld or decreased by the House of Representatives without the consent of the Government.\n\n4. The House of Representatives has the duty of assisting in the preparation of the annual estimates of revenue and expenditure of the country.\n\n5. In the event of any officer of the Government committing an offence against the laws, the House of Representatives has only the power to impeach him. The right of appointing and dismissing his officers is still vested in the Sovereign.\n\n6. The Resolutions of the House of Representatives cannot be submitted to the Throne until passed by both Houses.\n\n7. All measures submitted to the Throne by the House of Representatives shall be presented in the form of a Memorial by the President (“I Chang”).\n\n8. Members of the House of Representatives must not use disrespectful language with regard to the Throne, or make slanderous or offensive statements with reference to individuals, and they will be liable to fine or other punishment if they disobey this rule.\n\n9. At the opening of the House of Representatives it is the duty of the President to make provision for the maintenance of order, and in the event of any infringement of the Rules of Parliament, he may require the offender to keep silent or order him to leave the House.\n\n[2029 6-3]\n\nB 2",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 418648,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-355 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 226,
        "title": "CO129-355 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "Enclosure J\n\nC.O. 12795\n\nDEA 14 APR 09\n\nTo His Excellency\n\nSir Frederick John Dealtry Lugard, K.C.M.G., C.B., D.S.O., Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Hongkong and Vice-Admiral of the same.\n\n224\n\nThe humble Petition of the under-signed Chinese Gentlemen and Merchants.\n\nMost respectfully sheweth:-\n\n1.\n\n2. Your Petitioners are the leading Chinese gentlemen and merchants resident in the Colony of Hongkong. On the third day of December, 1908, a Bill entitled \"An Ordinance further to amend The Magistrates Ordinance 1890 and to effect certain other amendments in the Criminal Law\" was introduced into the Legislative Council and passed its First Reading.\n\nBy Section 7 of this Bill, Section 3 of the Summary Offences Ordinance 1845 was amended by the addition thereto at the end of the Section of the following Sub-section, namely:-\n\n(18) Spits on the floor of any school-house, theatre, public building, or other place of public entertainment or Assembly, or of any common entrance, lobby, hall, passageway, corridor or staircase of any building used or occupied for shops, offices or flats, or in any licensed public vehicle, or in any tram or railway car, or on any wharf or jetty, or on any footway or side walk of a public street.\n\n3.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-355 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [1-3].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 418649,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-355 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 227,
        "title": "CO129-355 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "225\n\nThe said Bill came before the Legislative Council for its Second Reading a week later, that is to say, on the 10th December last and, after a long discussion and opposition thereto from all the Unofficial Members then present at the Council save one, passed its Second Reading.\n\n4.\n\nOn the same day the Council went into Committee to consider the said Bill clause by clause and after much debate Section 7 was amended and allowed to stand over for a week for further consideration. Your Excellency then intimated that you were prepared to give an undertaking to the Council that no such regulations would be made for a period of six months should it become law.\n\n5.\n\nOn the 17th day of December last the said Section 7 as amended was again brought before the Committee of the whole Council for further consideration and all the Unofficial Members except one were in favour of deleting the said clause from the said Bill, but the amendment proposed by the Honourable Dr. Ho Kai and seconded by the Honourable Mr. Wei Yuk, both representing the Chinese on the Council, that this Section be deleted was lost and the said Section 7 after some further amendments and alterations was passed and it now reads as follows:\n\nFor the purpose of promoting sanitation and cleanliness in public places the Governor-in-Council may at all times hereafter make and vary regulations for the following purposes:\n\n(a) For the prohibition of spitting on the floor of any school-house, theatre, public building or other place of public entertainment or assembly, or of any common entrance, lobby, hall, passageway, corridor or staircase of any building used or occupied for shops...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-355 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [1-3].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 418665,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-355 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 243,
        "title": "CO129-355 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "Reference to the incident alluded to in paragraph 5 of my letter of 20th March, I venture to say that in no Legislative Assembly in which respect is paid to the rules of debates and to the courtesy due to the Bench would such a discussion as took place then, on a proposal made by the Chief Justice, have been allowed.\n\nI regret to say that there have been occasions since then on which I have had to complain of proceedings in Council in which proper regard for the position of the Chief Justice has not been shown.\n\nI now draw the special attention of the Secretary of State to the attitude of the Government in this matter. The Ordinance authorises the Chief Justice to make changes in the vacations of the Court. I acted under the Ordinance in circumstances which seemed to me to demand the action I took, and communicated the Rule of Court to the Government.\n\nThe Government apparently having no opinion on the matter referred the question to the Chamber of Commerce. I received no communication from the Government, but the hostile attitude taken up by the Chairman of the Chamber was made public by the resolution, which was unfair in its statement of the case; it was improperly and inaccurately drawn; it contained an exaggerated and untrue statement of the attitude of the profession; the Chairman had most improperly stirred up some of the profession against the Chief Justice; and when they, realising what they had done, withdrew their opposition, the Chairman of the Chamber persisted in his attitude.\n\nThe arguments against the change, in so far as they were not puerile, were met by the subsequent action I took in the matter; yet in spite of these well-known facts, and in spite of the further fact that I had put the matter into abeyance, His Excellency's letter written on 22nd February was held over in order to obtain the further views of the Chamber, and a fortnight later was sent to me with a post-script, although the whole circumstances had changed; and this was the only communication I received from the Government on the subject.\n\nI submit in the first place that official courtesy...\n\nPage 10\n\n \n241\n\nOli\n\n...\n\n  // Not included as per rule 6 and 12, the rest of the garbled text is not included in the output.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-355 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [1-3].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 420204,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-358 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [10-11]",
        "page_number": 94,
        "title": "CO129-358 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [10-11]",
        "content_text": "# FVL\n\n## Conclosure 3.\n\nTo \n\n**THE RIGHT HONOURABLE** \n\nTHE EARL OF CREWE, K.G., P.C. \n\nHis Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies.\n\n## The Humble Petition \n\nof the undersigned Chinese Inhabitants and Firms of Hongkong on behalf of themselves and their fellow countrymen residing thereat \n\nMost respectfully sheweth:- \n\nI. That Your petitioners are Chinese residents of Victoria in the Colony of Hongkong and firms carrying on business therein, who together with the rest of your petitioners' Chinese fellow-citizens represent about ninety-five per cent of the whole population of the Colony and constitute seventeen-twentieths of the rate payers.\n\nII. That in the beginning of the year 1908 the Sanitary Board of Hongkong appointed from its members a Committee to consider the advisability of adding to the Public Health and Building Ordinance certain regulations against spitting and to report and make recommendations for the framing of bye-laws relating thereto.\n\nIII. That at a meeting held on the 21st January 1908 the said Committee submitted their report to the said Board, in which they made certain recommendations rendering spitting an offence punishable by fine or imprisonment. The subject was fully discussed by the said Board at various meetings, and ultimately at a meeting held on the 10th November of the same year the members then present having failed to come to an agreement, the measure was abandoned.\n\nIV. That on the 3rd day of December 1908 there was introduced in the Legislative Council and read a first time a Bill entitled “An Ordinance further to amend the Magistrates Ordinance, 1890, and to effect certain other amendments in the Criminal law” in which spitting was made a Criminal offence.\n\nV. That by Section 7 of this Bill it was proposed to amend Section 3 of the Summary Offences Ordinance 1845, by the addition thereto at the end of that Section of the following subsection, namely:- \n\n\"(18) Spits on the floor of any school-house, theatre, public buildings, or other places of public entertainment or assembly or of any common entrance, lobby, hall, passage way, corridor or staircase of any building used or occupied for shops, offices, or flats, or in any licensed public vehicle, or in any train or railway car, or on any wharf or jetty, or on any footway or sidewalk of a public street\"",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-358 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [10-11].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 420205,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-358 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [10-11]",
        "page_number": 95,
        "title": "CO129-358 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [10-11]",
        "content_text": "## VI. \nThat the said Bill came before the Legislative Council for its second reading a week later, that is to say, on the 10th December last, and the said Section 7 was amended by giving power to the Governor-in-Council at any time thereafter to make and vary regulations for the prohibition of spitting in places therein particularly described, and for the imposition of penalties on the violation of any of such regulations and for prescribing the mode of their recovery. After a long discussion on the said Section and opposition thereto by all the Unofficial Members present at the Council save one, the said Bill passed its second reading.\n\n## VII. \nThat on the same day the Council went into Committee to consider the said Bill clause by clause, and after much debate Section 7 was further amended and allowed to stand over for a week for further consideration. His Excellency the Governor then intimated to the Council that he was prepared to give an undertaking that, should that Section become law, no regulations would be made for a period of six months.\n\n## VIII. \nThat on the 17th day of December last the said Section 7, as amended, was again brought before the Committee of the whole Council for further consideration, and all the Unofficial Members save one spoke in favour of deleting the said clause from the said Bill. But the amendment proposed by the Honourable Dr. Ho Kai and seconded by the Honourable Mr. Wei Yuk, both being Members of the Council representing the Chinese of the Colony, that this Section be deleted, was lost by eight votes to five, and the said Section 7, which then became Section 8 in the said Bill, after some further amendments and alterations, passed through the Committee and now stands as follows:-\n\n### Section 8 \n8. For the purpose of promoting sanitation and cleanliness in public places the Governor-in-Council may at all times hereafter make and vary regulations for the following purposes:---\n\n| Purpose | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) | For the prohibition of spitting or of the effusion of nasal matter on the floor of any school-house, theatre, public building or other place of public entertainment or assembly, or of any common entrance, lobby, hall, passage way, corridor or staircase of any building used or occupied for shops, offices or flats, or in any licensed public vehicle, or in any tram or railway car, or on any wharf or jetty, or on any footway or sidewalk of a public street as may be described in any such regulation |\n\nSuch regulation shall be published in the Gazette in English and Chinese and shall have the force and effect of law in the same manner as if they were incorporated in this Ordinance.\n\nThe Attorney General then moved for the third reading of the Bill, but the motion was objected to by the Senior Unofficial Member of the Council and adjourned sine die.\n\n## IX. \nThat on the 8th day of February this year the leading members of the Chinese Community forwarded a petition to His Excellency the Governor, strongly supporting the views and arguments of the Honourable Unofficial Members of the Council who opposed the said Section, and praying that His Excellency might reconsider the Bill and have the said Section deleted therefrom, but His Excellency the Governor declined to accede to their prayers on the ground that the arguments put forward therefor were identical with those already advanced by Honourable Members of the Council who opposed the said clause, and were considered at the time that the Bill passed its second reading.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-358 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [10-11].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 431979,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7]",
        "page_number": 187,
        "title": "CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7]",
        "content_text": "# HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\n## Colonial Secretary's Forthcoming Departure\n\n**HIS EXCELLENCY**-Gentlemen, I have to announce to you that His Majesty has been pleased to select the Hon. Colonial Secretary as Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Fiji and High Commissioner for the Western Pacific. (Applause.) The Council will now adjourn sine die, and as far as I can foresee is not likely to meet again until towards the end of February, when we assemble to pass the jurors' list. Therefore, this will probably be the last occasion on which we shall see the hon. member in his accustomed seat, a seat which I believe he has occupied longer than any other Councillor at this table. I think, therefore, it is fitting that the records of this Council should contain some reference to the loss it will suffer on his departure. I am confident that the few observations which I have to add to the announcement will voice the unanimous feelings of every member of this Council, but if any unofficial member should desire to bring forward a motion in order to crystallise more precisely the feeling of regret, or because he considers that course more in consonance with standing orders, I will readily agree to its urgency, and no doubt the Council in accordance with Rule 13 will take that view.\n\nIt is not possible to dissociate the work of the Colonial Secretary as a member of this Council from the larger sphere of his work in the Colony, where he has spent all his working life since first he came to it some twenty-eight years ago. During all these years he has worked as you all know most strenuously for the public service (Hear, hear, and applause)--not sparing himself and not pausing to consider any limit to the claims on his time and on his thoughts which the service could demand. He has set an example to the younger members of the Colonial Service of devotion to duty and of absolute integrity and impartiality which has beyond doubt exercised a greater influence upon them than either he or they recognise. My own life has been a varied one, spent in the public service in various parts of the world, and I can say to you without hesitation after nearly four years of intimate association in work with Sir Henry May that never in all my experience have I met a more thoroughly conscientious, a more rigidly impartial, or a more hard-working officer than the Colonial Secretary of Hongkong. (Applause.) His great ability, knowledge of the affairs of this Colony, will be a great public loss, while his advice and loyal assistance will be a great loss to myself. This is not the place in which to allude to his activities in the social life of this Colony. No doubt an opportunity will offer elsewhere. I will only say that he and his wife will be very greatly missed.\n\nWe can each of us aspire to no higher honour and to no greater reward than that it should be said of us by those with whom we have been most closely associated, as we can all say of Sir Henry May, that throughout his service he has upheld the best traditions of British public life and in both his public and private capacity he has always maintained the character of an English gentleman sans peur et sans reproche. (Applause.)\n\n**THE COLONIAL SECRETARY**--Sir, I wish to express my appreciation of the honour you, Sir, as President of this Council, have done me.\n\nSir Henry was perceptibly overcome with emotion and he immediately resumed his seat.\n\n## Renomination of Mr. Pollock\n\n**HIS EXCELLENCY**-I think, gentlemen, it would perhaps be more correct if the hon. Mr. Pollock be formally re-appointed to the Law Committee. I have, therefore, much pleasure in re-nominating him.\n\nCouncil adjourned, and on His Excellency re-entering the Chamber later,\n\n**THE COLONIAL SECRETARY** reported that the Finance Committee had unanimously adopted Financial Minutes Nos. 93 to 114, and he recommended that the votes therein referred to be approved.\n\n**THE COLONIAL TREASURER** seconded, and the motion was agreed to.\n\n**HIS EXCELLENCY** adjourned sine die.\n\n## HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\n### FINANCE COMMITTEE\n\nA meeting of the Finance Committee was held afterwards, the Colonial Secretary presiding. The following votes were passed:\n\n| Vote | Description | Amount |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| The New Territory Public Works | Furnished Quarters for the Public Works Department Surveyor in the New Territories and Rest House for Public Works Department and other Officers visiting the Territory on official business | $5,320 |\n| Deepening Causeway Bay |  | $886 |\n| Educational | Queen's College Incidental Expenses | $219.20 |\n| Harbour Master's Department | Repairs to Steam Launch, Steam Launch Hire | $625 |\n| Judicial and Legal Departments | Allowance to Additional Police Sergeant as Supervisor of Revenue Collection | $183 |\n| Medical Departments | Health Officer of Port, Incidental Expenses; Provisions for Patients, Victoria Hospital for Women and Children | $640 |\n| Officers' Uniforms | Uniform for Boarding Officers, Constables and Boatmen | $130 |\n| Repairs to Boats and Buoys |  | $200 |\n| Land Resumption | Frontage for Old Western Market | $55,500 |\n| Incidental Sanitary Expenses | Sanitary Staff, Incidental Expenses | $59.20 |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 433536,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-381 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 117,
        "title": "CO129-381 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "# HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\n## Revenue\n\nThe principal increases are as follows: $82,000 under the new general assessment, and additional assessments of new buildings; $6,500 under Companies local register; $6,600 under liquor licences; $4,000 under registration of deeds; $20,000 under medical examination of emigrants; and $5,000 under water supply. Last year's estimate for liquor has been retained, viz, $725,000. The actual receipts in 1910 were only $387,788, viz., $212,212 below the estimate of $600,000, which has nevertheless increased for this year to 7 lakhs. We expect, however, to realise $670,000 this year, and as the old stocks held before the duties were instituted are yearly decreasing, and looking to the fact that the scale of duty on Chinese liquors was doubled on March 16th, while the rebate is no longer granted to the Services, we anticipate that next year we ought to realise the full amount estimated, and I hope we shall exceed it. Our total revenue from opium and spirits amounts to only half that of the Straits, which has a population of only 65,000 more adults. Their figures stand at $4,441,963 and ours at $2,150,970. We lose the contribution of $27,000 from the Imperial Government toward the expenses of the Postal Agencies in China, the cost of which is now borne by the Home Government, though this Government continues to control them for the present.\n\nThe four heads under which revenue from land is shown exhibit an increase of $13,000, while markets show a steady increase, being $10,000 over the estimates of 1910 and $6,600 over the actual receipts. Class 4 is chiefly remarkable for the large increase of $16,500 in the sum received for conservancy contracts. The total estimated revenue is $7,077,488 as against $6,950,867 actually realised last year—an increase of six lakhs over the estimate of the current year and of seven lakhs over the actual receipts of 1910.\n\n## Expenditure\n\nUnder expenditure, two higher grade clerkships are created in the Treasury to assist in the formation of an examining branch in conjunction with the local audit of expenditure, which I am glad to say has now been instituted. In the Harbour Department, and in various other departments, a considerable economy, estimated at $4,700, has resulted from placing the purchase and issue of coal for Lunches under Commander Beckwith, and procuring it under a single contract. The amount now appears under Miscellaneous Services. Under Observatory, provision has been made to continue his salary to the present Director, till the end of June while on leave, as well as for his successor. Figg will then retire on pension after 20 years of service in this Colony, to which his long experience has been of great value.\n\nThe heading Miscellaneous Services includes a sum of $2,000, to which I invite the assent of this Council for the expenses of the Congress of the Far Eastern Association of Tropical Medicine, who will assemble in this Colony on January 20th next. We desire to afford a most cordial welcome to these representatives of scientific research in a field of investigation so vitally important to each one of us, and I take this opportunity of expressing an earnest hope that the Congress may be well attended, and that its deliberations may prove fruitful and stimulating.\n\nThe estimated revenue for the railway is put at $489,600. We have as yet no data from through traffic to enable us to judge whether this is a liberal or a cautious estimate. You will find a full explanation of its details in `Appendix II`. In class 3 of the revenue, \"rent of buildings\" has been increased by $11,000, to which extent I hope that the taxpayer will benefit in the shape of interest on the capital outlay involved by adding a third storey to meet further expansion. The sum shown is the rental we hope to receive until such time as the third floor may be required by Government.\n\n## Military Expenditure\n\n| Category | Amount |\n| --- | --- |\n| Military Contribution | $1,372,089 |\n| Volunteers... | $306,949 |\n| Military Expenditure | $273,869 |\n\n## Public Works and Other Expenditure\n\n| Category | Amount |\n| --- | --- |\n| Public Works Department | $575 |\n| Public Works, Recurrent | $429,100 |\n| Public Works, Extraordinary | $1,147,980 |\n| Post Office | $553,150 |\n| Kowloon-Canton Railway | $200,973 |\n| Kowloon-Canton Railway Special Expenditure | $65,000 |\n| Charge on account of Public Debt | $726,263 |\n| Pensions | $24,380 |\n| Charitable Services | ... |\n\nThe total estimated expenditure exclusive of Public Works Extraordinary is almost a million dollars less than the estimated revenue. Of this, a lakh derived from the special light dues is earmarked for typhoon refuge, but we are left with fully the average sum for expenditure on capital works, and the programme of these is as large as our staff of Engineers can properly supervise.\n\nIn laying before the Council the Estimates for the coming year, I shall endeavour, as has been my custom in the past, to afford a full explanation of all important changes in these estimates and of the reasons which have led to them. In doing so, I must of necessity ask your patience in dealing with figures, but I shall quote them as little as possible, the more so that I desire to avail myself of this annual opportunity of explaining to the Council the policy adopted and the progress made in various departments of administration.\n\nHIS EXCELLENCY—In laying before the Council the Estimates for the coming year, I trust that the figures before you will, to some extent at any rate, justify the hope that we have placed our finances on a sound basis to meet our liabilities. In spite of the increase of pay given to cadets on sterling salaries, and the cost of the scheme for assisted passages to England for subordinate officers, in spite of an extra lakh to be provided for Postal transit charges, and about one and a half lakhs in railway expenditure, the total estimated expenditure exclusive of Public Works Extraordinary is almost a million dollars less than the estimated revenue.\n\nIf, as we all anticipate, the receipts from the railway increase each year, we may reasonably hope that the burden, which now, after deducting estimated receipts, stands at 32 lakhs, will be steadily reduced.\n\n## The University\n\nThere is also a sum of $9,000, to which I trust that this Council will annually agree, for the establishment of a Professorial ...\n\nTHE ATTORNEY-GENERAL seconded.\n\nPage 190  \nPage 191  \nPage 113",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-381 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [11-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 439643,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]",
        "page_number": 135,
        "title": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]",
        "content_text": "GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG. 23rd December, 1912.\n\nWith reference to the enclosed copy of a letter from His Majesty's Minister at Peking giving cover to a despatch to His Majesty's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs on the subject of the election by Chinese residents abroad of representatives to the Chinese National Assembly, I have the honour to transmit copy of a paragraph which appeared recently in the Native Press of this Colony.\n\n2. As soon as my attention was drawn to this article I interviewed the Chinese Members of the Legislative Council on the subject. They denied all knowledge of the origin of the article or of the \"Electioneering Society of Chinese abroad\" and suggested that I should question the editors of the Chinese newspapers in the matter. The enclosed note of a conversation held with them by the Colonial Secretary and Registrar-General shows that no explanation was forthcoming.\n\n3. Quite recently there passed through Hongkong Mr. Albert Ah Ket, a Chinese born in Australia, en route to Peking, apparently as delegate from New South Wales to the National Assembly of China. He bore a letter of introduction to me from the Secretary for External Affairs, but unfortunately I did not meet him.\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE LEWIS HARCOURT, M.P.,\n\n4.\n\nPage 133\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nEnclosure I.\n\nSir,\n\nThe original text before \"GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG. 23rd December, 1912.\" was heavily corrupted and contained many OCR errors. The text has been reordered and corrected for readability while maintaining the original content and structure.\n\nThe initial part of the text:\n\n\"} ? And copy with why & Comms/3432 670. saying that this with obenk. that the for thong takes strong exception to the theater of a representation 1 1 the At Kong Chinese. के डे ASC See 3432 657er He is quite right. We don't always asprich bee the boundless arrogues the Chirice, it seems faris endent that hey And treat It. Kong we prosine of China. alonce Ch 11.2.13 CONFIDENTIAL. Enclosure!.. sir, Dupl C. 6. 3791 RECO REGE 1 FEB 13\"\n\nhas been identified as not directly related to the main content starting from \"GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG. 23rd December, 1912.\" and thus was not included in the final output.\n\n \nRECO REGE 1 FEB 13 133\n\n \nhas been kept as is at the end as page information.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 440401,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "page_number": 294,
        "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "291\n\n40\n\nsteps are being taken to enhance this still farther by raising the rates of duty in most provinces. I may point out in this connection that every reduction in the area under poppy cultivation facilitates the increase of taxation and the check on consumption which this affords, since it also reduces the zones within which there is special risk of high taxation promoting recourse to illicit opium.\n\nThe chief difficulties we have to contend against in maintaining and developing our system are of course those arising from smuggling, but here we are in a much better position than we were a few years ago, for----\n\n(1.) We have materially added to the strength and efficiency of our preventive establishments.\n\n(2.) The progressive reduction of the area under poppy cultivation reduces our difficulties.\n\n(3.) The fact that in most parts of India licit opium must be the Bengal product materially assists the preventive staff. For Bengal and Malwa opium are readily distinguishable, and, except in Bombay, any Malwa opium found in British India must be illicit.\n\n(4.) We have induced the native States outside the Malwa area to abstain from the cultivation of the poppy and to model their excise systems upon ours where they do not fall in with ours altogether.\n\nSmuggling from the Malwa States is still a danger; but that risk will diminish with the reduction in cultivation consequent on the gradual extinction of the China trade, and through the fact that--apart from humanitarian considerations--the desire to compensate themselves for the loss of revenue formerly derived from production for China will induce the States concerned to raise their taxation on what is left, until this becomes more closely assimilated to ours. Steps have in fact been already taken to this end, as well as for placing the traffic between the various States, and from them into British India, under better control.\n\nIn short, our policy is to restrict consumption as far as possible by direct regulation and by taxation; and we have not the slightest intention of diverting production formerly destined for China to internal purposes. On the contrary, as I have shown, the nearer the China trade gets to extinction the easier it will be for us to place internal production and consumption under still more efficient control.\n\nOn behalf of India, therefore, I can give entire support to the resolution now before the conference, which sets forth the desirability of effective national laws and regulations to control the production and distribution of raw opium.\n\nAPPENDIX II.\n\nMemorandum by Sir William Meyer on the Control over the Manufacture, Sale, and Possession of Prepared Opium (Smoking Preparations) in British India.\n\nIn my previous communication on the subject of raw opium I confined myself to India proper, where consumption is almost entirely of opium eaten in that form. In the present paper I shall deal first with opium-smoking in India proper, and then with the opium problem in Burmah, where smoking is the prevalent method of consumption.\n\n2. As regards India proper, the considerations adduced in my previous paper, which have caused the Government of India to regard a certain amount of opium-eating as legitimate in present circumstances, do not apply to the smoking habit, which has never taken root in the country, and is strongly condemned by public opinion. The Indian Government have therefore endeavoured for a good many years past to reduce it to a minimum by repressive action. Thus, while some twenty years ago there were 600 shops for the sale of smoking preparations, the sale of such preparations was subsequently, and remains still, absolutely prohibited.\n\n\"Vigorous measures,\" to quote from the recent despatch of the Indian Government of which I made use in my previous paper, \"are enforced by the police and the excise preventive service for punishing infractions of the law, such as are occasionally attempted in large and cosmopolitan centres like Calcutta and Rangoon.\n\nPrivate manufacture of smoking preparations, again, is only allowed by the smoker himself or on his behalf from opium lawfully in his possession, and only to the extent of 1 tola ( oz.) at a time. The quantity of opium daily used by an opium-smoker is so large in comparison with that required by an opium-eater, and the inconvenience and difficulty involved in the repeated preparation of opium for smoking are so great, that these restrictions hardly fall short of legal prohibition. We have now, in consultation with Provincial Governments, carefully examined the question whether direct and unqualified prohibition of opium-smoking is possible, and whether measures can be devised in this direction which offer a real prospect of success. The result we have come to is the conclusion that the time is ripe for suppressing all public gatherings for the purpose of smoking opium, whether they are called saloons, clubs, or social assemblies, or by any other name whatever, and for prohibiting all manufacture of opium-smoking preparations save by an individual of a small quantity for his own private consumption. In other words, opium-smoking dens in every form are to be made illegal, and the Governments of provinces which have legislative councils are being instructed to introduce legislation with that object. For areas without legislative councils of their own, similar legislation will be introduced in the Imperial Council.\"\n\nHitherto, I may explain, the assemblage of persons for opium-smoking has not been illegal so long as the total quantity of opium used does not exceed the aggregate of 1 tola apiece, which each of the participants is entitled to possess, subject in some provinces to a maximum of 5 tolas, even though the collective number of smokers be more than five. Now any such public gathering will be per se illegal.\n\n3. \"We have also decided,\" the Government of India go on to say, \"that the maximum limit of private possession of opium-smoking preparations shall be reduced to a quantity to be determined for each province by its own Government with regard to local circumstances. The provincial authorities are fully in favour of this step; and the maximum which they suggest goes as low as 90 grains, and in some cases even 45 grains. The quantity at present allowed is already low, being 1 tola or 180 grains in all the Indian provinces except Madras, where it has just been reduced to 90 grains. It may safely be said that under Indian conditions a tola represents little more than one or two days' average dose for a smoker of low-grade chandu (smoking-stuff). It is a good deal short of the daily dose required by a habitual and confirmed smoker. When this is further reduced in the manner indicated above, the measure will have the practical effect of prohibition.\n\n\"We have arrived at these conclusions, after full deliberation, in preference to an attempt at the categorical prohibition of the smoking of opium by individuals. To declare the act in itself illegal would, we are convinced, have been impracticable, impolitic, and even dangerous. It would have been necessary for us, in the first instance, to ascertain and register all persons habituated to smoking, as China has endeavoured to do. This we believe would present serious difficulty unless we were to register opium-eaters as well--an impossibility under present conditions in India. But there are more imperative objections to the declaring of private opium-smoking an offence. If made effective, it would only lead to the increased use of other, and probably more deleterious, drugs. But to make it effective would mean domiciliary visits and the closest supervision over persons suspected of the practice. It would open the door to blackmail, espionage, and an amount of interference with the inner domestic life of the people which would be absolutely intolerable. As it is, the importance of dissociating the police from the fresh odium of opium detective work has constrained us to decide that the working of the new restrictive legislation shall be entrusted to excise officials rather than to the police. Nor do we believe that absolute prohibition would carry us appreciably further than the measures which we have decided to adopt. Opium-smoking is a social habit, and we cut at the root of it by prohibiting assemblages for the purpose of smoking. Moreover, we make prevention more effective, from the point of view of legal proof, than if we attempted to deal with the private and secret practices of individuals. It is easy to prove the fact of a certain number of individuals being found together; and if, as is proposed, the presence of opium-smoking pipes or other apparatus with or without opium-smoking preparations will be held to raise the presumption that the assembly intended to smoke opium, there will be no difficulty in enforcing the law. Solitary smokers find the private manufacture of smoking preparations so wasteful, tedious, and expensive, and, with the reduced limit of possession, they will have to resort to it so often that none but the most hardened individuals, who are in any case past hope, will consider it worth while to continue the habit.\"\n\n[373]\n\nM",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 440428,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "page_number": 351,
        "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "40\n\nsteps are being taken to enhance this still farther by raising the rates of duty in most provinces. I may point out in this connection that every reduction in the area under poppy cultivation facilitates the increase of taxation and the check on consumption which this affords, since it also reduces the zones within which there is special risk of high taxation promoting recourse to illicit opium.\n\nThe chief difficulties we have to contend against in maintaining and developing our system are of course those arising from smuggling, but here we are in a much better position than we were a few years ago,\n\nfor-\n\n(1) We have materially added to the strength and efficiency of our preventive establishments.\n\n(2) The progressive reduction of the area under poppy cultivation reduces our difficulties.\n\n(3) The fact that in most parts of India licit opium must be the Bengal product materially assists the preventive staff. For Bengal and Malwa opium are readily distinguishable, and, except in Bombay, any Malwa opium found in British India must be illicit.\n\n(4) We have induced the native States outside the Malwa area to abstain from the cultivation of the poppy and to model their excise systems upon ours where they do not fall in with ours altogether.\n\nSmuggling from the Malwa States is still a danger; but that risk will diminish with the reduction in cultivation consequent on the gradual extinction of the China trade, and through the fact that apart from humanitarian considerations-the desire to compensate themselves for the loss of revenue formerly derived from production for China will induce the States concerned to raise their taxation on what is left, until this becomes more closely assimilated to ours. Steps have in fact been already taken to this end, as well as for placing the traffic between the various States, and from them into British India, under better control.\n\nIn short, our policy is to restrict consumption as far as possible by direct regulation and by taxation; and we have not the slightest intention of diverting production formerly destined for China to internal purposes. On the contrary, as I have shown, the nearer the China trade gets to extinction the easier it will be for us to place internal production and consumption under still more efficient control.\n\nOn behalf of India, therefore, I can give entire support to the resolution now before the conference, which sets forth the desirability of effective national laws and regulations to control the production and distribution of raw opium.\n\nAppendix II.\n\nMemorandum by Sir William Meyer on the Control over the Manufacture, Sale, and Possession of Prepared Opium (Smoking Preparations) in British India.\n\nIN my previous communication on the subject of raw opium I confined myself to India proper, where consumption is almost entirely of opium eaten in that form. In the present paper I shall deal first with opium-smoking in India proper, and then with the opium problem in Burmah, where smoking is the prevalent method of consumption.\n\n2. As regards India proper, the considerations adduced in my previous paper, which have caused the Government of India to regard a certain amount of opium-eating as legitimate in present circumstances, do not apply to the smoking habit, which has never taken root in the country, and is strongly condemned by public opinion. The Indian Government have therefore endeavoured for a good many years past to reduce it to a minimum by repressive action. Thus, while some twenty years ago there were 600 shops for the sale of smoking preparations, the sale of such preparations was subsequently, and remains still, absolutely prohibited,\n\n41\n\nVigorous measures,\" to quote from the recent despatch of the Indian Government of which I made use in my previous paper, \"are enforced by the police and the excise preventive service for punishing infractions of the law, such as are occasionally attempted in large and cosmopolitan centres like Calcutta and Rangoon. Private manufacture of smoking preparations, again, is only allowed by the smoker himself or on his behalf from opium lawfully in his possession, and only to the extent of 1 tola (oz.) at a time. The quantity of opium daily used by an opium-smoker is so large in comparison with that required by an opium-eater, and the inconvenience and difficulty involved in the repeated preparation of opium for smoking are so great, that these restrictions hardly fall short of legal prohibition. We have now, in consultation with Provincial Governments, carefully examined the question whether direct and unqualified prohibition of opium-smoking is possible, and whether measures can be devised in this direction which offer a real prospect of success. The result we have come to the conclusion that the time is ripe for suppressing all public gatherings for the purpose of smoking opium, whether they are called saloons, clubs, or social assemblies, or by any other name whatever, and for prohibiting all manufacture of opium-smoking preparations save by an individual of a small quantity for his own private consumption. In other words, opium-smoking dens in every form are to be made illegal, and the Governments of provinces which have legislative councils are being instructed to introduce legislation with that object. For areas without legislative councils of their own similar legislation will be introduced in the Imperial Council.”\n\nHitherto, I may explain, the assemblage of persons for opium-smoking has not been illegal so long as the total quantity of opium used does not exceed the aggregate of 1 tola apiece, which each of the participants is entitled to possess, subject in some provinces to a maximum of 5 tolas, even though the collective number of smokers be more than five. Now any such public gathering will be per se illegal.\n\n\"that the\n\n3. \"We have also decided,\" the Government of India go on to say, \"maximum limit of private possession of opium-smoking preparations shall be reduced to a quantity to be determined for each province by its own Government with regard to local circumstances. The provincial authorities are fully in favour of this step; and the maximum which they suggest goes as low as 90 grains, and in some cases even 45 grains. The quantity at present allowed is already low, being 1 tola or 180 grains in all the Indian provinces except Madras, where it has just been reduced to 90 grains. It may safely be said that under Indian conditions a tola represents little more than one or two days' average dose for a smoker of low-grade chandu (smoking-stuff). It is a good deal short of the daily dose required by a habitual and confirmed smoker. When this is further reduced in the manner indicated above, the measure will have the practical effect of prohibition.\n\n\"We have arrived at these conclusions, after full deliberation, in preference to an attempt at the categorical prohibition of the smoking of opium by individuals. To declare the act in itself illegal would, we are convinced, have been impracticable, impolitic, and even dangerous. It would have been necessary for us, in the first instance, to ascertain and register all persons habituated to smoking, as China has endeavoured to do. This we believe would present serious difficulty unless we were to register opium-eaters as well-an impossibility under present conditions in India. But there are more imperative objections to the declaring of private opium-smoking an offence. If made effective, it would only lead to the increased use of other, and probably more deleterious, drugs. But to make it effective would mean domiciliary visits and the closest supervision over persons suspected of the practice. It would open the door to blackmail, espionage, and an amount of interference with the inner domestic life of the people which would be absolutely intolerable. As it is, the importance of dissociating the police from the fresh odium of opium detective work has constrained us to decide that the working of the new restrictive legislation shall be entrusted to excise officials rather than to the police. Nor do we believe that absolute prohibition would carry us appreciably further than the measures which we have decided to adopt. Opium-smoking is a social habit, and we cut at the root of it by prohibiting assemblages for the purpose of smoking. Moreover, we make prevention more effective, from the point of view of legal proof, than if we attempted to deal with the private and secret practices of individuals. It is easy to prove the fact of a certain number of individuals being found together; and if, as is proposed, the presence of opium-smoking pipes or other apparatus with or without opium-smoking preparations will be held to raise the presumption that the assembly intended to smoke opium, there will be no difficulty in enforcing the law. Solitary smokers find the private manufacture of smoking preparations so wasteful, tedious, and expensive, and, with the reduced limit of possession, they will have to resort to it so often that none but the most hardened individuals, who are in any case past hope, will consider it worth while to continue the habit.\"\n\n--2]\n\n[2458 -\n\n347",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 440923,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "page_number": 259,
        "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "# THE OPIUM EVIL\n## CHAPTER VI\n### FINAL PROVISIONS\n\n**ARTICLE 22**. The powers not represented at the conference shall be permitted to sign the present convention.\n\nTo this end, the Netherlands Government shall invite, immediately after the convention shall have been signed by the plenipotentiaries of the powers who have taken part in the conference, all the powers of Europe and of America not represented at the conference, to wit, the Argentine Republic; Austria-Hungary; Belgium; Bolivia; Brazil; Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia; Costa Rica; Republic of Cuba; Denmark; Dominican Republic; Republic of Ecuador; Spain; Greece; Guatemala; Republic of Haiti; Honduras; Luxemburg; Mexico; Montenegro; Nicaragua, Norway; Panama; Paraguay; Peru; Roumania; Salvador: Servia; Sweden; Switzerland; Turkey; Uruguay; United States of Venezuela, to designate a delegate armed with the full powers necessary for the signing of the convention at The Hague.\n\nThe convention shall be furnished with these signatures by means of a Protocol of signature of powers not represented at the conference, to be added after the signatures of the powers represented and indicating the date of each signature.\n\nThe Netherlands Government shall give notice every month, to all the signatory powers, of each supplementary signature.\n\n**ARTICLE 23**. After all the powers, as much for themselves as for their possessions, colonies, protectorates, and leased territories, shall have signed the convention, or the supplementary protocol hereinbefore indicated, the Netherlands Government shall invite the powers to ratify the convention together with this protocol.\n\nIn case the signature of all the powers invited shall not have been secured by December 31, 1912, the Netherlands Government shall immediately invite all the powers who have signed by that date to designate delegates to proceed to The Hague to examine into the possibility of nevertheless depositing their ratifications.\n\nRatification shall be executed within as short a time as possible and shall be deposited at once at The Hague in the Ministry for Foreign Affairs.\n\nThe Netherlands Government shall give notice every month to the signatory powers of the ratifications which it shall have received in the interval.\n\nAs soon as the ratifications of all the signatory powers, as much for themselves as for their colonies, possessions, protectorates, and leased territories, shall have been received by the Netherlands Government, this government shall give notice to all the powers who shall have ratified the convention of the date on which the last of such acts of ratification shall have been received.\n\n**ARTICLE 24**. The present convention shall go into effect three months after the date mentioned in the Netherlands Government's notification, as indicated in the last paragraph of the preceding article.\n\nWith regard to the laws, regulations, and other measures provided for by the present convention, it is agreed that the drafts necessary to this end shall be drawn up not later than six months after the going into effect of the convention. With regard to the laws, these shall also be proposed by the governments to their parliaments or legislative bodies within this same period of six months, and in any case at the first session which shall follow the expiration of this period.\n\nThe date from which these laws, regulations, or measures shall go into effect shall be the subject of an agreement between the signatory powers, at the instance of the Netherlands Government.\n\nIn case questions shall arise relative to the ratification of the present convention, or relative to the going into effect of the convention, or of the laws, regulations, and measures which such convention involves, the Netherlands Government, if these questions cannot be decided by other means, shall invite all the signatory powers to designate delegates who shall assemble at The Hague to come to an immediate agreement on these questions.\n\n**ARTICLE 25**. If it should happen that one of the contracting powers should wish to denounce the present convention, such denunciation shall be notified in writing to the Netherlands Government, who shall immediately communicate a certified copy in conformity with such notification to all the other powers, informing them at the same time as to the date on which it received such notification.\n\nThe denunciation shall have no effect except with respect to the power who shall have given notice thereof and one year after such notice shall have reached the Netherlands Government.\n\nIn witness whereof the plenipotentiaries have affixed their signatures to the present convention.\n\nDone at The Hague, January 23, 1912, in one single copy, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Government of the Netherlands and copies of which, certified in conformity, shall be delivered through diplomatic channels to all the powers represented at the conference.\n\nFor Germany:  \nF. DE MÜLLER. DELBRUCK. GRUNENWALD.\n\nFor the United States of America:  \nCHARLES H. BRENT, HAMILTON WRIGHT, HENRY J. FINGER.\n\nFor China:  \nLIANG CHENG.\n\nFor France:  \nH. BRENIER.\n\nFor Great Britain:  \nW. S. MEYER. W. G. MAX MÜLLER. WILLIAM JOB COLLINS.\n\nFor Italy:  \nG. DE LA TOUR CALVELLO.\n\nFor Japan:  \nAIMARO SATO. TOMOE TAKAGI. KOTARO NISHIZAKI.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 445386,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "page_number": 460,
        "title": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "content_text": "## \nAs regards the motion I have taken in Manila regarding this question, I deemed it advisable to await the reply from Hongkong before making any official representation, and now have the honour to enclose copy of a despatch which I addressed to the Executive Secretary of the Philippine Government on March 31st ultimo. It seems to me that the best method to suppress the smuggling of opium into the Philippines from Hongkong and other sources, which appears to be chiefly carried on by Chinese Agents and employes of Chinese Opium Syndicates in Manila, is to increase the penalties imposed by law, thus rendering smuggling more difficult and dangerous and consequently affording immunity to British Shipping by its gradual diminution. This principle has been recognized by the Hongkong Government and I used my influence during the course of the Legislative session ended in February last to further the passing of a bill entitled Commission Bill No.59, copy of which is enclosed, framed to augment the penalty for smuggling opium into the Philippines. This bill, which was passed by the Philippine Commission, unfortunately failed to pass the Philippine Assembly which is necessary to validate it, owing to press of business and obstruction offered to the Government. It will therefore lie over until next October session when I shall use my influence as far as I can to effect its enactment.\n\nI have the honour to be with the highest respect, sir,\nYour most obedient, humble Servant,\n**(sd.) A Wileman.**",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 445528,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "page_number": 602,
        "title": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "content_text": "## 70. MINUTE.\n\nMr. Robinson 12/  \nMr.  \nSir G. Fiddes.  \nSir H. Just.  \nSir J. Anderson.  \nLord Emmott.  \nMr. Harcourt.\n\n7.0. A Kong  \n22309/13 Fasteners  \nPons Dept after  \nDoms  \nC. D. R. 12 JUL D. 15  \nSi  \n600  \n15 July is  \n\nI am directed to send the rest of despatch (10 28587/13) of the 30th of June, enclosing a copy of a communication to the Colonial Secretary, together with a request to you to forward it to the Minister, and to state that he does not desire that the last communication ... to the ... Legislative Assembly, about ... represent Chinese residents.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 445810,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "page_number": 281,
        "title": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "content_text": "# Rule XII.\n\nSpecial questions which have been already dealt with in the sessions of the Committees, cannot be discussed in pleno by a member of a Delegation in a speech of more than ten minutes, unless the Conference decides otherwise.\n\nThe President then proposed as members of the Editing Committee, Sir WILLIAM COLLINS, Dr. HAMILTON WRIGHT and Mr. VAN DEVENTER, all of whom had served on the same Committee at the previous Conference, and that His Exc. Baron FALLON should be invited to join them.\n\nThe proposal was unanimously accepted.\n\nThe President then proposed as members of the Press Committee, Dr. WILES-TEH and Mr. DE JONGH, both of whom had served on the same Committee at the previous Conference, and that Dr. KOLLEN, who is of Dutch ancestry, should be invited to join them.\n\nThe proposal was unanimously accepted.\n\nThe President expressed the belief that a Program Committee was not necessary. (General assent.)\n\nThe President: Article 23 of the Convention of January 23, 1912, provides that after all the Powers shall have signed the Convention or the Supplementary Protocol abovementioned, on behalf of their possessions, colonies, protectorates and territories as well as for themselves, the Government of the Netherlands shall invite all the Powers to ratify the Convention with this Protocol.\n\nIn case the signatures of all the Powers invited shall not be obtained by December 31, 1912, the Government of the Netherlands shall immediately request the Signatory Powers at that date to accredit Delegates to proceed to the Hague to examine the possibility of depositing their ratifications notwithstanding.\n\nAs you have already learned yesterday and as you have seen from the note distributed among the Delegates, some of the Powers who have been asked to sign have not yet done so. We find it necessary, therefore, to ascertain whether the Powers here present are nevertheless able to deposit their ratifications.\n\nI will therefore ask the Secretary-General to ask the Delegations in alphabetical order whether they are disposed to deposit the ratification of their Government.\n\nHis Exc. Mr. von Müller made the following declaration:\n\nThe Powers represented at the Conference of 1911-1912 examined with care the existing state of international affairs in connection with the production of opium, morphine, cocaine, etc., and the general situation of international commerce in these products. They unanimously decided that they would first proceed to invite all the Powers of Europe and America who were not represented at the Conference to sign the Convention, and that ratification ought not to take place until all the Powers should have signed the Convention.\n\nThis decision was inspired by the consideration that an endeavor on the part of a more or less limited number of the Powers to regulate by an international agreement the production of and commerce in opium, morphine and cocaine would necessarily remain useless while these products could be manufactured by the subjects of the States who are not bound by a Convention, and placed upon the market without any restrictions whatever.\n\nIn order that the labors of the Conference should not be compromised by the mere fact that two or three Powers had not replied to the invitation, it was provided in Article 23 that a new Conference should meet in order to ascertain whether the ratifications of the Signatory Powers might nevertheless be deposited. Now nine Powers have not yet signed and Greece, Switzerland and Turkey have declined the invitation that was extended to them.\n\nPage 11\n\nAs the ratification of the Convention by only a part of the Powers interested in the matter will not achieve the contemplated ends, the Imperial Government regrets that it is obliged to declare that it cannot at present ratify the Opium Convention.\n\nDr. Hamilton Wright declared that the United States of America is ready to proceed to ratification, it being clearly understood that without any further reservation whatever on the part of the American Delegation, this ratification must be submitted to the usual approval of the Senate.\n\nHis Exc. Baron Fallon, for Belgium,\n\nHis Exc. Mr. Graça Aranha, for Brazil,\n\nHis Exc. Mr. Jorge Huneeus, for Chile,\n\ndeclared that their Governments were disposed to ratify the Convention upon approval by their respective Parliaments.\n\nHis Exc. Mr. Yen: China, as you all know, is more deeply concerned with the Opium question than perhaps any other nation under the sun. The friendly and sympathetic spirit with which the Chinese resolutions were received by the Conference the last time has been highly appreciated. Encouraged by the united front of the Powers to suppress the opium and kindred evils, China has adopted the most vigorous of measures for the suppression of the growth and use of opium since the signing of the last Convention. President YUAN in his Presidential mandates and the National Assembly in confirming the anti-opium laws, as well as the provincial governors, have one and all endeavored to translate into action the letter and spirit of the Opium Convention, and now we are here to confirm and ratify the labors of our predecessors. Unanimity characterised the last Conference and we hope that the same spirit will dominate the present Conference. In the instructions which our Delegation has distinctly received from our Government, emphasis is placed on the importance of prompt, and, if possible, immediate ratification. Not only would such action largely strengthen the hands of our Government, but it would also convince the world that the lofty standard of morality and ethics maintained by the last Conference is to be supported and approved by the present one. Therefore, representing China, a nation vitally interested in the Opium and kindred drug questions, I appeal to you, my honored colleagues, to devise measures whereby the Convention can be promptly and, if possible, immediately ratified.\n\n(Applause).\n\nHis Exc. Mr. de Peralta declared that the Government of Costa Rica is ready to deposit the ratification of the Convention. He added that even before this Conference had considered the problem of the abuse of opium, the legislative body of his country had taken serious measures to limit the commerce in and the use of the drug.\n\nMr. de Grevenkop Castenskjold declared that the Danish Government is ready to deposit its ratification.\n\nHis Exc. Mr. Jorge Huneeus declared that the Government of Ecuador is ready to deposit its ratification.\n\nMr. Garcia de Acilu y Benito declared that the Spanish Government is ready to deposit the ratification of the Convention.\n\nHis Exc. Mr. Marcellin Pellet declared:\n\nThe Government of the French Republic regrets that, as regards French Indo-China, it is not as yet able to ratify the Convention of January 23, 1912.\n\nOn one hand, it is waiting until the intentions of certain States, who are not represented at the Conference and all of whom are great producers of opium...\n\nPage 280",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 445822,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "page_number": 293,
        "title": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "content_text": "COPY.\n\nLegation of the United States of America.\n\n34 Annex.\n\nThe Hague, Netherlands. July 7, 1913.\n\nThe Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States of America presents his compliments to Dr. HAMILTON WRIGHT, Chairman of the United States Delegates to the Opium Conference, and, by instruction of the Department of State, advises Dr. WRIGHT that the Department of State is in receipt of a copy with translation of a Decree of the Legislative Assembly of Guatemala, dated May 28, 1913, approving and ratifying the International Opium Convention signed at the Hague, January 23, 1912, and encloses herewith a copy of a despatch from the American Minister at Guatemala City, dated June 4, last, transmitting said copy and translation.\n\nFIFTH PLENARY SESSION.\n\nWednesday, July 9, 1913.\n\nThe Honorable\n\nCOPY.\n\nThe Secretary of State,\n\nWashington.\n\nSir,\n\nGuatemala, June 4, 1913.\n\nI have the honor to transmit to the Department a copy together with a translation, of Legislative Decree no. 878, of the 17th of May 1913, approving and ratifying the International Opium Convention signed at The Hague, January 23, 1912.\n\nI have the honor to be,\n\nDECREE N°. 878.\n\nThe Legislative Assembly of the Republic of Guatemala.\n\nDecree,\n\nSir,\n\nYour obedient servant, (Signed) HUGH R. WILSON.\n\nOne Article: To approve the International Opium Convention signed at The Hague, January 23, 1912.\n\nPass to the Executive for ratification.\n\nIssued in the Palace of Legislative Power, May 17, 1913.\n\nPresidency of Mr. J. T. Cremer.\n\nThe Session opened at 3 p.m.\n\nHis Exc. Jonkheer DE MAREES VAN SWINDEREN, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Honorary President of the Conference was present, as were all the Delegations except those of Colombia and of Brazil.\n\nThe President opened the meeting and said that he was happy to state that the Honorary President was present.\n\nThe minutes of the fourth meeting were approved.\n\nThe President read a telegram from Mr. Hischemöller, Consul at Rotterdam and Delegate of Colombia, in which he expressed his regret that, on account of illness, he was unable to attend the closing meeting, that he approved the Protocol of Cloture and would sign afterwards and that he sincerely hoped for the success of the Conference.\n\nDr. Hamilton Wright read the following despatch which the United States Minister at the Hague had received from his Government:\n\nThe Department encloses herewith, for the information of Dr. HAMILTON WRIGHT, Chairman of the United States Delegation to the Opium Conference, a copy of a despatch of the 20th of May from the American Minister at Montevideo, reporting that he has been advised by the Minister of Foreign Affairs that Doctor EMILIO BARBAROUX, the Uruguayan Minister to The Hague, now on leave of absence, has been instructed to sign the Protocol of Signature of the Opium Convention, and that the Government of Uruguay expected him to leave for his post within a few days.\n\nVIRGILIO RODRIGUEZ BETETA,\n\nSecretary.\n\nARTURO UBICO,\n\nPresident.\n\nCanuto CASTILLO,\n\nSecretary.\n\nPalace of the Executive Power; Guatemala, May 23, 1913.\n\nLet it be ratified and fulfilled.\n\nMANUEL ESTRADA C.\n\nMinister for Foreign Affairs.\n\nLUIS TOLEDO HERRARTE.\n\nI am, Sir,\n\nYour obedient servant,\n\nFor the Secretary of State:\n\nJ. B. MOORE, Counselor.\n\nHis Exc. Mr. Marcellin Pellet pronounced the following speech:\n\nGENTLEMEN:\n\nAt the conclusion of our labors I believe it my duty, in view of the privilege that seniority confers upon me, to express in your behalf our respectful gratitude\n\n292\n\nidia",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 447548,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-410 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [3-5]",
        "page_number": 90,
        "title": "CO129-410 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [3-5]",
        "content_text": "That he, the said Chung Hiu-nam otherwise Chung Sau Nam on the 4th day of August 1913 at Canton, China, feloniously did steal take and carry away a certain book to wit one payment out book for the period between the first and sixth moons of the first year of the Republic, the property of the Government of the Province of Kwong Tung, China.\n\n3.\n\nThat he, the said Chung Aziu-nam otherwise Chung Sau Nam, on the 4th day of August 1913 at Canton, China, then being a servant of the Government of the Province of Kwong Tung feloniously and fraudulently did embezzle and steal the two several sums of $100,000 and $50,000 delivered to him for his said employer.\n\n4.\n\nThat he, the said Chung Hiu-nam otherwise Chung Sau Nam on the 4th day of August 1913 and divers other dates subsequent thereto then being entrusted with certain valuable securities, to wit two cheques, one for $100,000 drawn on the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, Shamoen, Canton, and one for $50,000 drawn on the International Banking Corporation Shamoen, Canton, the property of the Government of the Province of Kwong Tung, China, in order that he might remit the proceeds thereof to Shanghai and in turn to Nankin did fraudulently convert the said valuable securities and the proceeds thereof to his own use.\n\nDuring the said hearing and investigation before the said John Roskrudge Wood evidence was given by witnesses for the prosecution tending to prove that some time prior to the alleged commission by the Appellant of the crimes mentioned in the said Requisitions Chan Kwing Hing then Governor General of such Province appointed by the President of the Republic of China rebelled against the said Government and with the concurrence of the Legislative Assembly of such Province declared\n\nPage 90\n\nPage 91",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-410 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [3-5].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 451474,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914",
        "page_number": 401,
        "title": "CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914",
        "content_text": "## C. The following signatory Powers were prepared to ratify so soon as the necessary legislative sanction had been obtained :-\n\n1. Argentine.\n2. Brazil.\n3. Chile.\n4. Ecuador.\n5. Spain.\n6. Haïti.\n7. Luxemburg.\n8. Mexico.\n9. Costa Rica.\n10. France (was disposed to ratify with a reserve for Indo-China and India).\n\n## D. The following signatory Powers had not yet announced their intention of ratifying-\n\n1. Germany (had intimated that she was not disposed to ratify at present).\n2. Dominica.\n3. Montenegro.\n4. Roumania.\n5. Russia (was disposed to ratify so soon as the application of the convention could be sufficiently general to be effective).\n6. Salvador.\n7. Switzerland (had made a reserve in regard to ratification that it would not be possible to promulgate the necessary legislation within the time specified by the Convention).\n8. Uruguay.\n9. Bolivia.\n10. Bulgaria.\n11. Colombia.\n12. Cuba.\n13. Peru.\n14. Nicaragua.\n15. Norway.\n16. Panamá.\n17. Paraguay.\n18. Greece (had withdrawn the reserve in respect to her newly-acquired territories).\n\n## E. Austria-Hungary had not yet signed the convention owing to reasons of a constitutional nature, but had declared her firm intention to adhere, and had undertaken to adopt the measures necessary to ensure its application as soon as the convention should be put in force by the signatory Powers.\n\n## F. Two Powers had hitherto refused to sign the Convention :-\n\n1. Turkey (for economic reasons).\n2. Servia (because she had been unable to study it sufficiently).\n\nThe third Conference has secured\n\n1. An all but unanimous expression of opinion on the part of the signatory Powers represented in favour of the convention coming into force without awaiting signature by two of the invited Powers. Germany alone opposed this resolution. That is to say, an affirmative reply has been recorded to the question propounded to the third Conference by the second, with only one negative voice.\n2. An absolutely unanimous request to the Dutch Government to press for early ratification by all the signatory Powers which had not yet ratified, in order that the convention may come into force as soon as possible. Germany, which had declined to assent to the enforcement of the convention without securing the signature of all the invited Powers, acquiesced in this proposal, as did also the representatives of several signatory Powers, which had, for one reason or another, not yet ratified.\n3. A recognition by the Conference, although with several abstentions, of the feasibility of enforcement by a group of the Powers who might be ready to co-operate for that purpose, without awaiting the automatic enforcement of the convention provided for in article 24 after ratification by all the signatory Powers. The date as from which such group enforcement might take place was fixed as the 31st December, 1914, and a special protocol is to be provided for Powers desiring to co-operate to this end for signature by them.\n\nIncidentally the assembly of the Conference may perhaps be also credited with securing, through the Dutch Foreign Office, the deposit of ratifications by Italy, Belgium, Sweden, and China, and the signature without reserve by Greece.\n\nAt the close of the first Conference twelve Powers had signed the convention which they had participated in drafting, and thirty-four other Powers were invited to attach their signatures.\n\nAt the close of the second Conference thirty-four out of the total of forty-six Powers had signed the convention, and twelve had not then done so, while eight Powers had either ratified it or were disposed to do so.\n\nAt the close of the third Conference, forty-four out of the total forty-six Powers have signed the convention, eleven have ratified it, and fourteen more are disposed to do so, while not one of the remaining nineteen signatories has expressed any intention of not proceeding to put the convention in force. Moreover, all the signatories present were desirous that respectful representations should be pressed upon those which had not deposited their ratifications to do so as soon as possible.\n\nWe are under no illusion as to the influence which events which have occurred since the rising of the Conference must have upon all international concert of the nature contemplated by the Opium Convention. Humanitarian aims of the kind which invoked these three Conferences and inspired their constructive work must suffer eclipse or serious retardation during a time of warfare. We nevertheless recall that one of the first objects attained in 1815 at the Congress of Vienna, after the close of the Napoleonic wars, and on the initiative of the British representative, was an international declaration of the abolition of the slave trade.\n\nWe trust that when, in the course of time, international relations are resumed, the progressive stages in abolishing the abuse of opium and other kindred drugs may be resumed, and that the efforts of the three International Conferences may achieve the beneficent objects which from first to last inspired those who have borne their part in these deliberations.\n\nWe would once again express our sincere acknowledgment to the Netherlands Government, to M. Loudon, the Foreign Minister, M. Cremer, the president of the Conference, and M. van Deventer, the chairman of the Comité de Rédaction. From each of these gentlemen we invariably received the greatest courtesy and the most friendly co-operation.\n\nWe have, &c.\n\nW. G. Max Müller.  \nW. J. Collins.\n\nPage 394",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 456466,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-425 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 632,
        "title": "CO129-425 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "In my experience it is to the advantage of the Government that an unofficial member of the Executive Council is always careful to preserve his liberty of action in the Legislative Council, if for no other reason than to prove to his unofficial colleagues in that assembly and to the public that his association with the Executive Council has not affected his independence.\n\nOn the other hand it is the case that when the unofficial element was added to the Executive Council in this colony the opinion was freely expressed that it constituted not only no increase in the representation of the tax payers but was rather a source of weakness in that representation because the unofficial members might be won over to support measures which they would oppose otherwise.\n\nI would mention here that at the present time there are indications that a certain section of the European community with which the Hon'ble. Mr H.J. Pollock K.B.E. and the newly elected nominee of the Chamber of Commerce - P.H. Holyoak - have been identified is preparing to...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-425 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [10-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 456887,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 203,
        "title": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "C. The following signatory Powers were prepared to ratify so soon as the necessary legislative sanction had been obtained:——\n\n1. Argentine.\n\n2. Brazil.\n\n3. Chile.\n\n4. Ecuador.\n\n5. Spain.\n\n6. Haïti.\n\n7. Luxemburg.\n\n8. Mexico.\n\n9. Costa Rica.\n\n10. France (was disposed to ratify with a reserve for Indo-China and India).\n\nD. The following signatory Powers had not yet announced their intention of ratifying:-\n\n1. Germany (had intimated that she was not disposed to ratify at present).\n\n2. Dominica.\n\n3. Montenegro.\n\n4. Roumania.\n\n5. Russia (was disposed to ratify so soon as the application of the convention could be sufficiently general to be effective).\n\n6. Salvador.\n\n7. Switzerland (had made a reserve in regard to ratification that it would not be possible to promulgate the necessary legislation within the time specified by the Convention).\n\n8. Uruguay.\n\n9. Bolivia.\n\n10. Bulgaria\n\n11. Colombia.\n\n12. Cuba.\n\n13. Peru.\n\n14. Nicaragua.\n\n15. Norway.\n\n16. Panamá.\n\n17. Paraguay.\n\n18. Greece (had withdrawn the reserve in respect to her newly-acquired territories).\n\nE. Austria-Hungary had not yet signed the convention owing to reasons of a constitutional nature, but had declared her firm intention to adhere, and had undertaken to adopt the measures necessary to ensure its application as soon as the convention should be put in force by the signatory Powers.\n\nF. Two Powers had hitherto refused to sign the Convention:—\n\n1. Turkey (for economic reasons).\n\n2. Servia (because she had been unable to study it sufficiently).\n\nThe third Conference has secured :-\n\n1. An all but unanimous expression of opinion on the part of the signatory Powers represented in favour of the convention coming into force without awaiting signature by two of the invited Powers. Germany alone opposed this resolution. That is to say, an affirmative reply has been recorded to the question propounded to the third Conference by the second, with only one negative voice.\n\n2. An absolutely unanimous request to the Dutch Government to press for early ratification by all the signatory Powers which had not yet ratified, in order that the convention may come into force as soon as possible. Germany, which had declined to assent to the enforcement of the convention without securing the signature of all the invited Powers, acquiesced in this proposal, as did also the representatives of several signatory Powers, which had, for one reason or another, not yet ratified.\n\nPage 11\n\n3. A recognition by the Conference, although with several abstentions, of the feasibility of enforcement by a group of the Powers who might be ready to co-operate for that purpose, without awaiting the automatic enforcement of the convention provided for in article 24 after ratification by all the signatory Powers. The date as from which such group enforcement might take place was fixed as the 31st December, 1914, and a special protocol is to be provided for Powers desiring to co-operate to this end for signature by them.\n\nIncidentally the assembly of the Conference may perhaps be also credited with securing, through the Dutch Foreign Office, the deposit of ratifications by Italy, Belgium, Sweden, and China, and the signature without reserve by Greece.\n\nAt the close of the first Conference twelve Powers had signed the convention which they had participated in drafting, and thirty-four other Powers were invited to attach their signatures.\n\nAt the close of the second Conference thirty-four out of the total of forty-six Powers had signed the convention, and twelve had not then done so, while eight Powers had either ratified it or were disposed to do so.\n\nAt the close of the third Conference, forty-four out of the total forty-six Powers have signed the convention, eleven have ratified it, and fourteen more are disposed to do so, while not one of the remaining nineteen signatories has expressed any intention of not proceeding to put the convention in force. Moreover, all the signatories present were desirous that respectful representations should be pressed upon those which had not deposited their ratifications to do so as soon as possible.\n\nWe are under no illusion as to the influence which events which have occurred since the rising of the Conference must have upon all international concert of the nature contemplated by the Opium Convention. Humanitarian aims of the kind which invoked these three Conferences and inspired their constructive work must suffer eclipse or serious retardation during a time of warfare. We nevertheless recall that one of the first objects attained in 1815 at the Congress of Vienna, after the close of the Napoleonic wars, and on the initiative of the British representative, was an international declaration of the abolition of the slave trade.\n\nWe trust that when, in the course of time, international relations are resumed, the progressive stages in abolishing the abuse of opium and other kindred drugs may be resumed, and that the efforts of the three International Conferences may achieve the beneficent objects which from first to last inspired those who have borne their part in these deliberations.\n\nWe would once again express our sincere acknowledgment to the Netherlands Government, to M. Loudon, the Foreign Minister, M. Cremer, the president of the Conference, and M. van Deventer, the chairman of the Comité de Rédaction. From each of these gentlemen we invariably received the greatest courtesy and the most friendly co-operation.\n\nPage 0\n\nWe have, &c.\n\nW. G. MAX MÜLLER. W. J. COLLINS.\n\nPage 199",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 457129,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 445,
        "title": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "440\n\n30\n\nArticle 24.\n\nThe present Convention shall go into effect three months after the date mentioned in the Netherlands Government's notification, as indicated in the last paragraph of the preceding article.\n\nWith regard to the laws, regulations and other measures provided for by the present Convention, it is agreed that the drafts necessary to this end shall be drawn up not later than six months after the going into effect of the Convention. With regard to the laws, these shall also be proposed by the Governments to their parliaments or legislative bodies within this same period of six months, and in any case at the first session which shall follow the expiration of this period.\n\nThe date from which these laws, regulations, or measures shall go into effect shall be the subject of an agreement between the signatory Powers, at the instance of the Netherlands Government.\n\nIn case questions shall arise relative to the ratification of the present Convention, or relative to the going into effect of the Convention, or of the laws, regulations and measures which such Convention involves, the Netherlands Government, if these questions cannot be decided by other means, shall invite all the Signatory Powers to designate delegates who shall assemble at The Hague to come to an immediate agreement on these questions.\n\nArticle 25.\n\nIf it should happen that one of the Contracting Powers should wish to denounce the present Convention, such denunciation shall be notified in writing to the Netherlands Government, who shall immediately communicate a certified copy in conformity with such notification to all the other Powers, informing them at the same time as to the date on which it received such notification.\n\nThe denunciation shall have no effect except with respect to the Power who shall have given notice thereof and one year after such notice shall have reached the Netherlands Government.\n\nIn witness whereof, the Plenipotentiaries have affixed their signatures to the present Convention.\n\nDone at The Hague, January 23, 1912, in one single copy, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Government of the Netherlands and copies of which, certified in conformity, shall be delivered through diplomatic channels to all the Powers represented at the Conference.\n\n[Here follow signatures.]\n\n[Translation.]\n\nPROTOCOLE DE CLÔTURE OF THE INTERNATIONAL OPIUM CONFERENCE.\n\nThe International Opium Conference, proposed by the Government of the United States of America and convoked by the Government of the Netherlands, assembled at The Hague in the Palace of the Knights, December 1, 1911.\n\nThe Governments, the enumeration of which follows, have taken part in the Conference, to which they had designated the Delegates hereafter named.\n\n[Here follow names of Governments and Delegates.]\n\n31\n\nIn a series of meetings held from the 1st of December, 1911, to the 23rd of January, 1912, the Conference determined upon the text of Convention hereto annexed:\n\nThe Conference has further expressed the following wishes:\n\nI. The Conference is of the opinion that there is reason to draw the attention of the Universal Postal Union:\n\n1° to the urgency of regulating the transmission by post of raw Opium;\n\n2° to the necessity of regulating, so far as possible, the transmission by post of Morphine and Cocaine and their respective salts, and of the other substances contemplated by Article 14 of the Convention;\n\n3° to the necessity of prohibiting the transmission of prepared Opium by the post.\n\nII. The Conference is of the opinion that it is advisable to study the question of Indian Hemp from the statistical and scientific standpoint, with a view to regulating its misuse, should the necessity therefor make itself felt, by domestic legislation or by an international agreement.\n\nIn testimony whereof, the Plenipotentiaries have affixed their signatures to the present Protocol.\n\nDone at The Hague, the 23rd day of January, 1912, in a single copy, which shall remain deposited in the Archives of the Government of the Netherlands, and copies of which, certified and conforming thereto, shall be delivered through the diplomatic channel to all the Powers represented at the Conference.\n\n[Here follow signatures.]\n\n[Translation.]\n\nFINAL PROTOCOL OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL OPIUM CONFERENCE-1918.\n\nThe Second International Opium Conference, convoked by Government of the Netherlands in virtue of Article 23 of the International Opium Convention, met at The Hague, in the Palace of the Counts, July 1, 1913.\n\nThe Governments enumerated below took part in the Conference, for which they had designated the following-named delegates.\n\n[Here follow names of Governments and delegates.]\n\nIn a series of meetings held from the 1st to the 9th the conference after examination of the question put before it by paragraph 2 of Article 23 of the International Opium Convention of January 23, 1912-\n\nI. Decided that ratifications may be deposited from this moment.\n\nII. Unanimously adopted the following resolution:\n\nRESOLUTION.\n\nDesirous of following up in the path opened by the international commission of Shanghai of 1909 and the first conference of 1912 at The Hague, the progressive suppression of the abuse of opium, morphine, cocaine, as well as of drugs prepared with or derived from those substances, and deeming it more than ever necessary and mutually advantageous to have an international agreement on that point, the Second International Conference-\n\n1. Utters a wish that the Government of the Netherlands be pleased to call to the attention of the Governments of Austria-Hungary, Norway, and Sweden the fact that the signature, ratification, drawing up of legislative measures, and putting the convention into force constitute four distinct stages which permit of those powers giving their supplemental signatures even now.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 460293,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]",
        "page_number": 426,
        "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]",
        "content_text": "VII.\n\nbeing responsible only for the details of his own department, while the whole executive power of the State is vested in the hands of the President. On the advice of the defunct Administrative Council the President called into being a new Assembly termed the Tsanchengyuan, generally spoken of as the \"State Council.\" It consists of 70 Members, all nominated by the President himself, and mainly chosen from the older officials of the late dynasty, including a fair number of Manchus. To this body has been assigned temporary legislative functions, pending the inauguration of the new Parliament. It is apparently contemplated to continue the State Council as a permanent branch of the Constitution, though what particular role it is to fulfil vis à vis the Parliament seems as yet undetermined. Possibly it is intended as a counter-weight on the side of the President in case the elected Parliament should prove recalcitrant.\n\nSide by side with this Assembly another body has been sitting termed the Constitutional Conference, to which has been entrusted the important work of drawing up, in consultation with the Foreign Advisers, a revised Constitution. This new Code which was promulgated on May 1st, has been termed in Chinese a \"Constitutional Compact,\" indicating it would seem a sort of bargain between the President and the people. It defines the rights and duties of the citizens on the one hand and of the President on the other; provides for an elected legislature; prescribes the general course of Administration, and forecasts the organization of regular Law Courts and the independence of the judiciary. A copy of this important document will be found in the Supplement, PP. 75/84.\n\nAs regards the Provinces, several important changes have taken place. In the first place the Provincial Assemblies have been entirely abolished as being useless and obstructive. In the second place the important step has been taken of separating the civil and military functions. Under the Manchu regime the Governor was ex Officio Commander-in-Chief of the Provincial Forces, and under the revolutionary system the Governors, termed Tutuhs, were primarily Military Commanders with civil functions attached. Both systems have been abolished. The whole forces of the Empire are now declared to be National, not Provincial, and under the supreme control of the President. Three or four Provinces are grouped together to form one military district, under the command of a Chiangchun or Commander-in-Chief.\n\nThe result of these changes will no doubt be to enhance very materially the powers of the Central Government. Under the old system the provincial governments with their command of local troops were able to disregard orders from Peking, and to interpose obstacles to reform or changes of which they disapproved. On the other hand the responsibility for the maintenance of order and good government is transferred to Peking, the duties of the local Governors being limited to the repression and punishment of ordinary crime for which purpose they are allowed to organize a police force. It is remarked however, that these changes, though projected on paper, seem to be but imperfectly carried out, as Chiangchun have been appointed to almost every provincial Capital, thereby causing, it is said, much friction between the Civil and Military Authorities.\n\nThe Government has announced that a new Parliament, the Lifayuan, under a restricted franchise, will be summoned in 1915. The qualifications of both electors and candidates will shut out many of the elements which brought discredit on the Parliament of 1912-13. China's experience of parliamentary government has, so far, not been very happy, but although the new experiment will be on conservative lines, it will none the less be a step in the direction of constitutional government.\n\nThe Republic has justified its existence in a remarkably short space of time. It has re-established the authority of Peking over the Provinces, has to a great extent suppressed disorder, and has inaugurated judicious fiscal reforms on conservative lines, as, for example, in the case of the Salt Gabelle.\n\nThere is an element of weakness in the present system of government in that it is mainly dependent on one man—the President—but the country may count itself extremely fortunate, while it has been passing through a period of violent upheaval, in having a strong man to direct the course of affairs; a weak leader, even with the best intentions, might easily have landed the whole country in anarchy. China has the good fortune, at this crisis in her affairs, to have a leader who not only knows his own mind, but also knows his fellow countrymen, who has decision of character and the courage of his opinions.\n\nIt is clear, however, that there is a great element of danger in any system of government which is dependent on any one individual, however...\n\nPage 423",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 462002,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6]",
        "page_number": 635,
        "title": "CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6]",
        "content_text": "# SELF-GOVERNMENT RESOLUTION.\n\n## CANADA AND INDIA\n\nThe Self-Government resolution stands thus:- The greatest interest, however, centred about the resolution for self-government, which was moved on the third and last day of the Congress by the Hon. Surendra Nath Bannerji. The Congress was densely packed, and there was scarcely any standing-room. To the usual song of welcome by Indian girls, which opened the proceedings, there was added an Indian National Song, during the singing of which the great assembly stood.\n\nThat this Congress is of opinion that the time has arrived to introduce further and substantial measures of reform towards the attainment of **Self-Government**, as defined in Article I. of its Constitution, namely, reforming and liberalizing the system of Government in this country so as to secure to the people an effective control over it by, amongst others:\n\n(a) The introduction of provincial autonomy, including financial independence,\n\n(b) The expansion and reform of the Legislative Councils so as to make them truly and adequately representative of all sections of the people and to give them an effective control over the acts of the Executive Councils and the establishment of similar Executive Government,\n\n(c) The reconstruction of the various existing Executive Councils in Provinces where they do not exist,\n\n(d) The reform, or the abolition, of the Council of the Secretary of State for India,\n\n(e) The establishment of Legislative Councils in Provinces where they do not now exist,\n\n(f) The readjustment of relations between the Secretary of State for India and the Government of India; and\n\n(g) A liberal measure of Local Self-Government.\n\nThat this Congress authorizes the All-India Congress Committee to frame a scheme of reform and a programme of continuous work, educative and propagandist, having regard to the principles embodied in this resolution, and further authorizes the said Committee to confer with the Committee that may be appointed by the All-India Muslim League for the same purpose, and to take such further measures as may be necessary. The said Committee to submit its report on or before the 1st of September, 1916, to the General Secretaries, who shall circulate it to the different Provincial Congress Committees as early as possible.\n\nIn moving the resolution, Mr. Bannerji said: \"Let us examine if we are not fit for self-government. In the morning of the world, before Rome was, before Babylon had emerged into the historic arena, our ancestors had founded these village organizations which represented first the beginnings of self-government, so organized, so tenacious of life and vitality, that they survived the rush of empires, the subversion of thrones and dynasties, and lived with a never-ending life.\n\n\"In more recent times what do we find? Wherever we have been tried we have never been found wanting. We have been tried in the matter of local self-government under adverse conditions, and yet the experiment has grown successful. We have been tried in the higher regions of self-government under the Reform Scheme of 1909, and again we have been successful.\n\nThe best training ground for self-government are the institutions of self-government, and Mr. Gladstone is my authority for it. We want self-government for the highest ends of national and moral regeneration of India. Our sense of civic responsibility cannot develop to its fullest might so long as the ban of political inferiority is on our brow. We must be free men before we can be citizens. We have on our side the sympathies of the civilized countries.\n\nThe resolution was passed unanimously.\n\n## INDIANS IN THE DOMINIONS.\n\nOf more interest to Canadians, perhaps, is the resolution moved by Mr. K. Gandhi, the South African patriot, demanding equal rights of citizenship for Indians in the self-governing Colonies, and calling upon the Imperial Government to use all possible means to secure those rights, which had been hitherto unjustly withheld from them, thus causing widespread dissatisfaction and discontent.\" He said that it was an irony of fate that while the Congress was regretting the hostile attitude of the Colonies towards Indians, a contingent of Indians, formed in South Africa, should be nearing the theatre of war to help the sick and wounded. They were drawn from the middle classes, from hawkers and such like, yet the Colonies did not see the necessity to change their attitude. The real reason for withholding these rights was not suspicion of their loyalty, but undying prejudice. The difficulties in South Africa he would call bread-and-butter difficulties. But in Canada it was not possible for the Sikhs who were domiciled there to bring their wives and their children. When the resolution regarding the Imperial Conference was accepted by the Government of India, there were welcome outbursts in the Colonial newspapers. He hoped that these words would be translated into action, and that these various invidious distinctions between subjects of His Majesty would disappear.\n\nMr. G. A. Natesan (Madras), in seconding, pointed out that in previous years the Congress had protested against the conduct of the Imperial Government in not influencing the Colonies, but this year they were in better times. Even the Colonial papers now declared that the time had come when India should be given her proper place in the Empire. He hoped that the Colonies would now extend to Indian emigrants equal rights with European emigrants.\n\n## SIR S. P. SINHA ON SELF-GOVERNMENT.\n\n### THE IDEAL OF SELF-GOVERNMENT.\n\nWhat, to begin with, should be the political ideal of India? To some, the raising of this question may seem to be unnecessary and at best academic, and, to others, positively mischievous. To me, however, it seems that the greatest danger in the path of the future well-being of the country is the want of such a reasoned ideal of our future as would satisfy the aspirations and ambitions of the rising generations of India and at the same time meet with the approval of those to whose hands our destinies are committed.\n\nIt is my belief that a rational and inspiring ideal will arrest the insidious and corrupting influence of the real enemies of our Motherland, even if it is not able to root out from the land that malignant mental disease which has been called anarchism and whose psychology it is so difficult to analyze. It must be obvious to all sincere and impartial judges that no mandate, whether of the Government or of the Congress, will be able to still the throbbing pain in the soul of awakening India, unless the ideal which is held up by the Congress and accepted by the Government commends itself first to the heart and then to the head. It seems to me that the only satisfactory form of self-government to which India aspires cannot be anything short of what President Lincoln so pithily described as 'government of the people, for the people, and by the people.'\n\nWhen I say this I do not for one moment imply that the British Government is not the best Government we have had for ages. We have only to look around to see the manifold blessings which have been brought to this country by the Government. But as a British Premier early in this century very truly observed, \"Good government cannot be a substitute for self-government.\" Says a recent writer in a well-known British periodical: \"Every Englishman is aware that on no account, not if he were to be governed by an angel from heaven, would he surrender that most sacred of all his rights, the right of making his own laws.\n\nHe would not be an Englishman; he would not be able to look English fields and trees in the face, if he had parted with that right. Laws in themselves have never counted for much. There have been beneficent despots and wise law-givers in all ages who have increased the prosperity and probably the contentment and happiness of their subjects, but yet their government has not stimulated the moral and intellectual capacity latent in citizenship or fortified its character or enlarged its understanding. There is more hope for the future of mankind in the least and faintest impulse towards self-help, self-realization, self-redemption, than in any of the laws that Aristotle ever dreamt of.\"\n\nThe ideal, therefore, of self-government is one that is not based merely on emotion and sentiment, but on the lessons of history.\n\nI believe in all sincerity that such has been the ideal which the British Government itself has entertained and cherished almost from the commencement of British rule in India. Generations of statesmen have repeatedly laid down that policy, solemn declarations of successive sovereigns have graciously endorsed it, and Acts of Parliament have given it legislative sanction. I will not burden my speech with quotations from these: they will all be found in previous Presidential addresses. But, with your leave, I will quote only one passage from a speech of John Bright, delivered at Manchester on the 11th of December, 1877: \"I believe that it is our duty not only to govern India well now for our sakes, and to satisfy our own conscience, but so to arrange its government and so to administer it that we should look forward to the time when India will have to take up her own government and administer it in her own fashion. I say he is no statesman-he is no man actuated with a high moral sense with regard to our great and terrible moral responsibility-who is not willing thus to look ahead and thus to prepare for circumstances which may come sooner than we think and sooner than any of us hope for, but which must come at some not very distant date.\"-From Presidential Address.\n\n## ALL-INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUE.\n\nThe All-India Muslim League met at Bombay Dec. 30th, 1915, with a large and distinguished gathering of Hindus, Mussulmans, Parsis, etc. The President, Sir S. P. Sinha, and a number of delegates from the Indian National Congress were present.\n\nIn the course of his Presidential address, Hon. Mr. Mazarul Haque spoke as follows:\n\n### DUTIES OF INDIAN MUSLIMS.\n\nLet us find out the duties that our nationality and religion require of us. Everyone in this assembly, and for all I know, everyone outside it, will agree with me that our first and foremost duty is to our God, the King of Kings and the Ruler of the destinies of all countries and nations. Next to God, we owe duties to our Sovereign, our country and our community. Our duty to our Sovereign is plain and clear. Our loyalty as subjects of our King-Emperor is unquestioning and unquestioned. We have proved it fully in the past, and, if occasion arises and if we are given the chance, we are prepared to prove it again. No deed, action or speech of ours has ever hampered or is likely to hamper the Government in its obvious duty of maintaining the prestige and power of the great Empire to which we are privileged to belong. Nor have we ever failed in giving our best support to the Government of India in its legitimate function of carrying on the administration of the country.\n\n### DUTIES OF GOVERNMENT.\n\nJust as we owe duties to Government, similarly the Government owes duties to us. It would be ungrateful on our part not to acknowledge the innumerable advantages that India has derived from her contact with England.\n\nBut much more yet remains to be accomplished, and, from an Indian point of view, the things that have been left unaccomplished are the things that really matter in the life of a nation. England has borne the burden of India, but has not prepared her to bear her own burdens. She has not made her strong, self-reliant and self-supporting. She has not made her a nation respected by the other nations of the world. She has not developed the resources of the country, as it was her duty to develop them. She has not helped the Indian people to live a life of the greatest possible fulness. She has failed to bring out the capacities of the people of Hindustan to their fullest extent. England's connection with India has lasted for about a century and a half, and most parts of the country have been under her direct rule during this period. But the progress India has made, with all her vast resources-material, moral and economic-is comparatively very small.\n\nThe children of the soil have no real share in the government of their own country. Policy is laid down and carried on by non-Indians, which, oftener than not, goes against the wishes of the people and ignores their sentiments. Remember, I do not attribute motives. I believe the administration of the country has been carried on by conscientious, hard-working men, who have honestly done their work according to their best lights, but their work has degenerated into a mere routine. People who have spent their lives in carrying out details can hardly ever rise above their surroundings and view things from a broader outlook.\n\n### RECONSTRUCTION.\n\nGentlemen, our demands are neither immediate nor peremptory. We can wait and must wait till the end of the war, when the whole Empire will be reconstructed upon new lines; but there is no harm in postulating our demands now, and informing the British people of the unity and the intensity with which the reforms are insisted upon. When the affairs of the Empire are taken into consideration, our views should be before the English nation. Of course we cannot expect that India will change in the twinkling of an eye by some magical process, but we do hope that a new policy will be initiated, which will end in self-government and give us the status and power of a living nation. If you ask me to give you indications of reforms which are immediately needed, I would say that the first step towards self-government must be taken by abolishing the packed official majority in the Imperial Council. We must have a sure and safe elected non-official majority, which would discuss and deal with all Indian questions from the Indian standpoint. Next, we must free the Executive Council of the Viceroy from the incubus of the Bureaucracy. Then fierce light would be thrown into the dark corners of Indian administration. We must have more Indians in the Executive Council, which is really the chief source from which policies emanate. Again, a great reform that is needed is what has been called \"Provincial Autonomy.\"\n\nMarch, 1916\n\nPage 10\nPage 11\nPage 625",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 462009,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6]",
        "page_number": 642,
        "title": "CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6]",
        "content_text": "## REFORMS DESIRED\n\n### CANADA AND INDIA\n\nThe first Indian National Congress assembled for business in the Tejpal Samskrit College, Bombay, on December 28th, 1885. The deliberations of the congress were formulated in the shape of resolutions demanding from the administration certain concrete reforms. The first resolution was for a Royal Commission to enquire into the working of the Indian administration. The tribute from India was a heavy drain on the Indian taxpayer. They asked for simultaneous examination for the Indian Civil Service in India and in England. Another resolution reads: \"That this congress considers the reform and expansion of the Supreme and existing Local Legislative Councils by the admission of a considerable proportion of elected members essential, and holds that all budgets should be referred to these Councils for consideration, their members being, moreover, empowered to interpellate the Executive in regard to all branches of the administration.\" These resolutions were sent to the proper quarters.\n\nThe next session of the congress met in Calcutta in Christmas week, 1886, and ever since then they have met every Christmas in nearly all the most important centres of India. The assembly has been presided over by men well-known for their probity and service. The congress movement has drawn to its fold such names as the late Mahadev Govind Ranade, Surendro Nath Banerjea (\"the uncrowned King of Bengal\"), Krishna Kumar Mitra, Motilal Ghosh (editor of the Amrita Bazar Patrika), Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Dadabhai Naoroji, S. Subramania Iyer, Pherozshah Mehta, Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, Lala Lajpat Rai, and the late Gopal Krishna Gokhale, founder of the Servants of India Society.\n\n### INDIA NOT PROPERLY UNDERSTOOD\n\nIn welcoming the second congress in Calcutta, Dr. Rajindralal Mittra, the famous scholar, said: \"We live not under a National Government, but under a foreign bureaucracy; our foreign rulers are foreigners by birth, religion, language, habits, by everything that divides humanity into different sections. They cannot possibly dive into our hearts, they cannot ascertain our wants, our feelings, our aspirations. They may try their best, and I have no reason to doubt that many of our Governors have tried hard to ascertain our feelings and our wants; but owing to their peculiar position they have failed to ascertain them.\"\n\n### BITTER POVERTY OF INDIA\n\nHon. Dadabhai Naoroji, who later on sat in the Imperial House of Commons, was the president of this session. He laid stress on the bitter poverty of India. Mr. D. E. Wacha, who afterwards became secretary of the congress, said that the condition of the ryots, or peasants, had steadily deteriorated since 1848, and that forty millions of people had only one meal a day, and not always that. The main cause is the tribute to Great Britain, exported to fructify there, and swell still further the unparalleled wealth of those distant isles, never in any shape to return here to bless the country from whose soil it was wrung, or the people, the sweat of whose brow it represents.\n\nAnother delegate spoke of the extortion of the revenue authorities.\n\n### INDIA SPEAKS\n\nAnother resolution, and the most important, was moved by Raja Rampal Singh, a well-known public man from North India, appealing to the Government to sanction volunteering. The moral debasement caused by the disarmament of the whole nation, was and is felt acutely. He said: \"We are deeply grateful to the Government for all the good that it has done us, but we cannot be grateful to it when it is, no matter with what best of intentions, doing us a terrible and irreparable injury. We cannot be grateful to it for degrading our natures, for systematically crushing out of us all martial spirit, for converting a race of soldiers and heroes into a timid flock of quill-driving sheep. Thank God, things have not yet gone quite so far as this. There are some of us yet, everywhere, who would be willing to draw sword, and if needful lay down our lives, for hearth and homes, aye, and for the support and maintenance of that Government to which we owe so much. But this is what we are coming to... and when we once come to that, then I think that, despite the glories of the Pax Britannica, despite the noble intentions of Great Britain, despite all the good she may have done or tried to do us, the balance will be against her, and India will have to regret rather than rejoice that she has ever had anything to do with England.\n\n\"This may be strong language, but it is the truth; nothing can ever make amends to a nation for the destruction of its national spirit, and of the capacity to defend itself and the soil from which it springs.\n\n\"High and low, we are losing all knowledge of the use of arms, and with this that spirit of self-reliance which enables a man to dare, which makes men brave, which makes them worthy of the name of men.\n\n\"I might dwell on the fact that in the way the Arms Act is now worked in many localities, the people, their herds, their crops, are wholly at the mercy of the wild beasts. I might dwell on the insult, the injustice, the violation of the most sacred and solemn pledges by England to India, that are involved in the rules that permit Indian Christians, but do not permit Indian Hindus or Mohammedans to volunteer.\" This resolution was carried, and yet 29 years later the Arms Act is still on the Statute Book, and no Hindus or Mohammedans are permitted to defend their hearths and homes. In this connection, it is well to remember that although even in France and Russia the native Algerians and Moslem Russians and others can get commissions in the army and command regiments, no native of India can get a commission or ever join a military college in India, paid for and supported by the taxpayers of India. The congress has passed resolutions every year asking that commissions be granted to Indians, but to no purpose.\n\n### SELF-GOVERNMENT THE GOAL\n\nThe first and foremost plank in the congress is, of course, **Swaraj**, or self-government. Indians are at every step reminded of being a subject race. They want a Government national in spirit and an administration that will feel that India's interests are its first consideration. India wants to be governed by Indians, who will know the real sentiments and desires of the people. The government of the people by the people and for the people is the watchword. If \"Canada for the Canadians\" holds good, why not \"India for the Indians\"! That does not mean hostility to anyone, but it does mean a federated India consisting of various autonomous provinces or States, under one whole. When Indians were harshly treated in South Africa and Canada, things would have been far different if they had some representatives to look after their interests in those countries.\n\n\"No taxation without representation\" is the first commandment in the Englishman's political Bible; how can he falter with his conscience and tax us here, his free and educated fellow-subjects, as if we were dumb sheep or cattle? But we are not dumb any longer. India has found a voice at last in this great congress, and in it, and through it, we call on England to be true to her traditions, her instincts, and herself, and grant us our rights as free-born British citizens.\" So said the famous scholar, Pandit Madan Mohun Malaviya, who long afterwards became one of the founders of the Hindu University of Benares.\n\nAnother plank in the platform of the congress is the separation of judicial and executive functions. In India, the police is the handmaiden of the bureaucracy, and very often the prosecutor and the judge are the same person, and not as in advanced countries, where the two offices are separate. The police, even according to the official class, is not exactly what it ought to be. For carrying out impartial justice, it is absolutely essential that the two functions be not in the same hand.\n\n### SWADESHI AND PROTECTION\n\nThe third great plank is **Swadeshi** or promotion of home-made goods. In Canada, there is the \"Made-in-Canada\" programme, but not so with India. The authorities looked askance at this. Although Indian industries are hampered at every step, e.g., there is a countervailing duty of 3 1/2 per cent on cotton goods manufactured in India herself. (One wonders if there is any country in the wide world which has this curious anomaly of imposing a tax on her own manufactures, and yet this is so in India.)\n\nGerman and Austrian goods were dumped on India's shores. German and Austrian ships, flying the flags of the Central Empires, called regularly at Bombay and other Indian ports, although Indian shipping, which was well-known all over the Orient in the past, has on account of unfair competition been swept away. **Swadeshi** demands that home-made goods be given preference to foreign manufactures, and as the Government of India is not national, the Nationalists, if they had their day, would have protection for India's infant industries, and are trying to do the next best thing, which is promoting the industries of India.\n\n### COMPULSORY EDUCATION ESSENTIAL\n\nThe congress has, through the efforts of the late Mr. Gokhale, passed a resolution demanding free and compulsory education. It seems strange that in a country like India, which has been under British control for over a century, education is not so advanced as in the Philippines, which during the last ten or fifteen years have made wonderful progress under American suzerainty. Even in States like Baroda, which is under an Indian prince, and where there is a purely Indian administration, the system of elementary education has been made free and compulsory both for boys and girls. Why not in India, with all her efficient administration?\n\nThe congress has in most of the Provinces a Provincial Committee, holding a conference every year, where the Nationalist sentiment finds expression. The head offices for the All-India National Congress are at Madras, there being two secretaries, Nawab Sayed Mohammed and Mr. Subba Row. G. A. Natesan & Co., of Madras, have published some interesting literature on the congress. They also issue every year a book giving the proceedings of the congress.\n\n## CANADA AND INDIA\n\n### INDIAN ASPIRATIONS TO-DAY\n\nIn a pamphlet dealing with India and the war, Mr. Bhupendra Nath Basu, ex-member of the Imperial Legislative Council of India and President of the Indian National Congress, held in Madras at Christmas, 1914, writes:\n\n\"There is in India a spirit of frank recognition of the benefits of British rule and of its immense potentialities for good, if carried on under the lead of the British democracy and free from the trammels of constant tutelage, which certain Anglo-Indian administrators would like to impose upon it. Several generations in India were born and lived during the reign of Queen Victoria. To her, as their great Queen and Mother, from whom emanated the great charter of their rights and liberties, the Indian people were passionately attached and devoted. This feeling of personal attachment and devotion has been greatly stimulated and strengthened by the visits to India of members of the Royal Family. They knew how to say and to do the right thing at the right moment, and by their inbred courtesy and geniality of manner, they have helped to soften the atmosphere of aloofness which some British officials, under the erroneous sense of dignity and prestige, at times surround themselves.\n\n### INDIAN DEMAND FOR EDUCATION\n\nThe visit of the King and Queen, as the visible embodiment of sovereignty, and the generous and noble utterances of the King in his various addresses in India, did much to hearten the people in their faith in the ultimate fulfilment of the great Proclamation of Queen Victoria, for hopes deferred had made them falter. The Indian people justly demand a great extension of education among the masses, for it is the foundation of all progress, and the words of the King in his reply to the address of the University of Calcutta have been taken by them as a fresh landmark in the development of education in India. His Majesty said: \"It is my wish that there may be spread over the land a network of schools and colleges, from which will go forth loyal and manly and useful citizens, able to hold their own in the industries and agriculture and all the vocations in life. And it is my wish, too, that the homes of my Indian subjects may be brightened and their labour sweetened by the spread of knowledge with all that follows in its train, a higher level of thought, of comfort, and of health. It is through education that my wish will be fulfilled, and the cause of education in India will ever be close to my heart.\"\n\n### WANTS CITIZENSHIP RIGHTS\n\nThese are precious words to the Indian people as the declaration by the Sovereign of a policy which must be carried out. Great and far-reaching as have been the benefits of British rule in India, it has not yet risen to the full height of the British people in whose name and on whose behalf it is administered, nor of the people, heirs to an ancient civilization, for whose benefit the great Queen asked Divine help to administer her rule. Important questions, such as the right to carry arms, to enlist as volunteers, to enter the commissioned ranks of the Army, the recognition of equal citizenship in British colonies, the better administration of justice, a more equitable participation in the government of the country, still await solution, and India has necessarily felt at times sore and heart-sick; but there never has been any desire to break away. India has definitely set herself to forge ahead.\n\n### WORKING FOR SWARAJ\n\nShe has never doubted. Her heart has been wholly with British rule; the foundations of her faith and loyalty have been too well and firmly laid to be lightly disturbed; all that she desires is that British rule in India should be compatible with the self-respect of her people, growing in education, knowledge, and experience; that it should develop into a rule by the people as part of the British Empire as was foreseen and foretold by the great statesmen who moulded her destinies in the early part of the nineteenth century. And India has been working towards this goal; she realizes it must be a slow and laborious process.\n\n### INDIAN NATIONALISM AND THE WAR\n\nMr. John Matthai, in a recent pamphlet on \"Indian Nationalism and the War,\" says: \"The effect of the war will for the present be confined to the educated class in India, whose importance, however, is not to be measured by their number. It has shown them to be a loyal body, willing to co-operate with the Government. At the same time, it will strengthen the spirit of nationalism among them. The primary cause of the hostile element in the Indian Nationalism is the extent to which Indians are shut out of the higher offices; to remedy this is the immediate necessity. In the meantime, the question of elective Government and the extent of its possible application must be carefully weighed and thought out before any large committal is made. On the positive side, nationalism will be prompted under the influence of the war to devote itself more than before to the condition of the masses. This added sense of social needs will strengthen the desire for security and peace; it will also lead to a deeper cultivation of the ancient spirituality of the race.\n\n\"If these considerations are at all valid, it may be added that there is nothing in them to alarm or to alienate either people. There is much to give hope and confidence to both. There have been things in the past to hurt and wound. They need not have been. But it seems we have decided to forget the things of the past. In the face of the un-speakable tragedy which is enacted before our eyes, in which men of many nations are mingling their blood for a common cause, we can afford to fix our eyes away from the past across this vale of tears, on the love and hope and abiding peace of the future. There was no black and brown and white in the blood which flowed from Calvary. Nor is there in the warm, precious, human blood which flows over the battle-fields of Europe. All of it is red alike, and every drop of it, without distinction of race, betokens the sob of a broken mother-heart. Therefore, while this great elemental struggle is driving us back to a sense of eternal values, let us put back—all of us, both those who won and those who lost, those who laughed and those who wept—let us put back the things that divide and hold fast to the things that bind.\"\n\n### DR. BOSE AT CALCUTTA\n\nDr. Jagdish Chandra Bose, D.Sc., C.S.I., C.I.E., the famous Hindu scientist, has arrived in India after his travels in Europe, America, Japan, and the Far East. The other day, an address of welcome was presented to him at Madura, and recently a reception in his honour was held at the Ram Mohan Library at Calcutta.\n\nInspired by his visits to the ancient universities of India at Taxila, at Nalanda, and at Conjeevram, Dr. Bose had the strongest confidence that India would soon see a revival of those glorious traditions. There will soon rise a Temple of Learning where the teacher, a real sanyasin, would go on with his ceaseless pursuit after truth, and, dying, hand on his work and enthusiasm to his disciples.\n\n### ECONOMIC DANGER IN INDIA\n\nDr. Bose referred especially to the economic danger in India, and the revival of Indian industries cannot be too highly appreciated. That is the question in India to-day. The tocsin of alarm raised by him ought to go straight into the hearts of both the people and the Government. If India is to be saved from the disastrous effects of the increasing poverty, her commerce and industry must be revived. And this is her opportunity now that the great war has driven Germany from her markets.\n\nBut what do we find? Instead of that, Japan has captured all our industrial markets. Dr. Bose assures us that she has made gigantic preparations for that purpose. Within a few decades, she has even surpassed her past master Germany in developing her manufactures and shipping. One of the methods employed by her, Dr. Bose tells us, is to practically exclude all foreign manufactured articles from her soil by prohibitive tariffs. The coast-wise and foreign shipping of India is in alien hands. Japan is more and more encroaching upon this preserve.\n\n### PROTECTION THE RIGHT POLICY\n\nWhy should not the Government of India follow Japan in this respect? It is free trade which has ruined India commercially. It is free trade which is really at the bottom of the economic state, forcing a Sikh from North India to seek his fortune in lands where he is unwelcome. If protective duties had been imposed upon imported articles, India would have long ago become one of the great manufacturing countries of the world, and to which she is rightly entitled, producing as she does such a large variety of raw materials. Germany and Austria would have never made a footing in our markets if free trade principles had not been allowed to rule supreme in India. Java has killed our sugar industry completely. When a small countervailing duty on foreign sugar was levied in India, such a howl was raised against it by the advocates of free trade in England that it had to be given up.\n\n### HINDU MINISTER OF EDUCATION\n\nWhen Sir Sankaram Nair joins the Viceroy's Executive Council this month, the Departments of Education, Local Government, and Sanitation will, for the first time in the history of British India, pass under Indian control. The significance of the event cannot be exaggerated. It is in these three directions that progress is especially demanded at the present moment; and the order in which we have placed the departments exactly represents their respective importance. Not only is the spread of education absolutely necessary to the establishment of a genuine system of local government and to the due understanding of the principles of sanitary science. The very continuance of the British connection depends largely upon the same factor.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 477932,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918",
        "page_number": 169,
        "title": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918",
        "content_text": "# Enclosure 1 in No. 1\n## Three Presidential Mandates issued September 29.\n\n### (1.) Convocation of Parliament\n\n**THE** convocation of Parliament is provided for in article 53 of the Provisional Constitution. It is of paramount importance that with the revival of the republican form of government all those organs of the Government as are provided for therein should be established. The Ministry of the Interior is hereby instructed to establish, in accordance with the precedent obtaining in the first year of the republic, a special bureau for the preparation of the convocation of the National Parliament, so that all matters connected with the election of members can be facilitated.\n\n### (2.) National Council and its Work\n\nThe original Parliamentary Organisation Law and the law governing the election of members of the two Houses of Parliament were passed by the former National Council in the first year of the republic and promulgated by the late President Yuan Shih Kai. However, owing to the impracticability of these laws, many political upheavals have been caused during the past few years. Under the present circumstances it is most important that these laws should be speedily revised. The high officials of the provinces, Mongolia, Tibet, and Chinghai, are hereby ordered to elect and appoint in accordance with law members of the National Council so that they will be able to arrive at Peking within a month's time and organise the National Council for the purpose of revising and passing the Parliamentary Organisation and Election Laws. Apart from this function, all other legislative duties shall be carried out by the formal Parliament to be convened in accordance with law, so as to emphasise the importance of the Legislature.\n\n### (3.) Rebels in Canton\n\nSun Wen, Wu Ching-lien, and others have recently circulated a telegram throughout the provinces unlawfully stating that an extraordinary Parliament had established a Military Government and had elected Sun Wen as its generalissimo, and that the latter had assumed the said illegal office on the 10th of the present month. The telegram also announced the illegal appointment of various Ministers, a Chief of the General Staff, and a Commander-in-chief, and issued many illegal orders calculated to incite the army to rebellion.\n\nA report has since been received from Chang Tso-ling, Tuchun of Fengtien, stating that several arrests have been made lately in his province of men appointed by Sun Wen to enlist the help of Hunghutze banditti in preparation for a general rising, and that substantial evidence concerning the plot has been obtained, &c. It is therefore clear that the actions of Sun Wen, &c., are aimed at overthrowing the present legally-constituted Government, and precipitating anarchical conditions in the country. Unless such men are punished it is difficult to uphold the supremacy of the law. All high military and civil officials throughout the country are hereby ordered to effect the arrest of the said Sun Wen and Wu Chien-lien, and to hand them over to the courts of justice to be dealt with in accordance with law. The said Sun Wen and Wu Chien-lien are hereby deprived of their Orders of Merit and decorations, and investigations shall also be conducted concerning those who are holding posts in the said illegal Military Government and others who are attending the extraordinary Parliament as members, in order that they may also be severely dealt with accordingly.\n\n## Enclosure 2 in No. 1\n### Consul-General Jamieson to Mr. Alston\n\nCanton, September 13, 1917.\n\nI have the honour to enclose herewith copy of the manifesto officially issued by the Military Government, which has established itself here under the auspices of the Rump Parliament on the 10th instant.\n\nC. T. Wang, who appears to play the role of organiser-in-chief to the party, at the same time drafted an essay to overcome the pronounced prejudices of Sun Yat-sen in the matter of declaring war on the Central Powers. Realising the necessity, at the present juncture, of conciliating any antagonism which the Entente may cherish against the movement, he drafted a declaration announcing a determination, with the united support of the entire country, to prosecute war to the utmost against the attempted domination of the world by German militarism. This was handed out privately for the information of the press and others, and was to be made public when \"the mere formality\" of the Generalissimo's approval had been obtained. The latter, however, who is a firm believer in the eventual victory of Germany, and who also may be averse from showing himself so manifestly ungrateful for past favours, refuses stoutly to sanction its promulgation, so that, while the text of the declaration has appeared in the foreign press and been commented on therein, it has not appeared in the native press, and entirely lacks official imprimatur.\n\nThe Military Government may accordingly be described as neutral, with predilections in favour of Germany.\n\nThe ranks of the Rump have been lately reinforced by some forty additional members, who have found their way to Canton in Japanese vessels, and United States colleague has been approached with a request to induce his Government to advance them $10,000,000 on the plea that Javan had made a loan of the same amount to the North. The Military Government confidently reckons on the financial support of Chinese abroad, and estimates that it could at any time buy over 70 per cent. of the troops in the pay of the Provincial Government. Admiral Cheng succeeded the other day in obtaining $150,000 clean Mexican dollars from Shanghai for paying his crews, they very properly refusing to look at local subsidiary coinage. His coal is being provided by the Tuchün.\n\nSun Yat-sen's procession on assuming office was not attended by any great popular enthusiasm, and strenuous efforts to win over Lu Jung-t'ing and Tang Shao-yi continue to be made.\n\nA sense of weakness is, however, evinced by the significant fact that indirect overtures have been made to the Provincial Government, hinting that were posts given to members and their faces thus saved agitation might cease.\n\n(Copy to Hong Kong.)\n\n## Enclosure 3 in No. 1\n### Manifesto\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. W. JAMIESON.\n\nThe Military Government, organised the 10th September, hands our (Weekly Canton News) correspondent a statement which follows:-\n\n\"The Military Government now established in Canton is a temporary organisation for a clear-cut and definite purpose. It aims to rally to its standard all those who stand for the supremacy of the Constitution and the laws of the country. No democracy can last if the Constitution is allowed to be violated at all by such persons who happen to be in control of military forces. The very foundation of democracy is destroyed when such persons are permitted to treat the supreme laws of the land as a \"scrap of paper.\" The rebellious Fuchuns, having deliberately violated the Constitution, first, by forcing the hand of President Li Yuan Hung in illegally dissolving the National Assembly, and later by forcing the President himself from the office, must be put down and be severely dealt with in order that the supremacy of the Constitution be vindicated and the foundation of democracy upheld.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 479181,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-453 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 157,
        "title": "CO129-453 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "# Press to the question of Chinese representation. \nI may frankly tell you that we considered these resolutions very fully and were largely influenced at the outset of affairs in not inviting the Chinese to take a part in this appeal because less than two years ago they were invited, through their authorised members, nominated by the Government, to join our petition to the Secretary of State for the Colonies for an elective representation instead of a nominative representation. At that time they chose, through their own members, to write to the Government and say that they did not desire to take part in the request. Well, gentlemen, in the last few days they have, apparently, held various meetings at the Chinese Chamber of Commerce, and we have learnt, somewhat to our surprise, that there is a desire among the Chinese for more representation, and, being a progressive body, it was but natural that we should incorporate in our own ideals what appeared to be a fair thing for the Chinese also.\n\nThe resolutions which I have to propose to you deal with two wide principles. The first is the principle of election versus nomination by the Government for all unofficials save the two Chinese members. The second is to ensure that the wishes of the public on all public and local or domestic questions shall be carried out. I think that this Government has failed to realise, not only before the war, but more especially since the war broke out and the Home Government, in consequence, has also failed to realise that there is such a thing as public opinion in this Colony. (Applause.) The large assembly gathered here this evening, I think, is a proof of the fact that public opinion cannot, and will not, be ignored. (Applause.) The resolutions which I have to propose are as follows:—\n\nThat this public meeting of Hongkong residents, whilst affirming its unswerving loyalty to the Crown and Empire, is of opinion that the instructions to His Excellency the Governor relative to the mode of selection of the Legislative Council require amendment in such a way as to secure:-\n\n## Resolutions\n| No. | Resolution |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1. | That as regards all the unofficial members of the said Council (other than the two Chinese nominated members) the principle of election instead of nomination shall be applied. |\n| 2. | That the number of unofficial members shall be increased from 6 to 9, and that the number of official members shall remain as at present, namely, 8. |\n| 3. | That of the seven elected unofficial members (all of whom shall be British subjects) two shall be elected by the Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce; one by the Justices of the Peace; three (two of whom shall be of British race and one of Portuguese race) by British subjects who are jurymen, or are qualified for, but exempt from jury service; and one by the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce, or some other body representative of the Chinese community. |\n\nAnd in order that due and prompt attention and consideration may be given to the opinion, thus publicly expressed, this meeting requests the Government to transmit this resolution by telegram to His Majesty's Secretary of State for the Colonies.\n\nThe reason, gentlemen, for asking for an unofficial majority of one, briefly, is this:- My experience of the Legislative Council is nothing like so long as that of my honourable friend on the right, who will corroborate what I say. Upon every occasion that the Government sees fit to refuse a resolution proposed by the unofficial members of the Council, and directly that announcement has been made, the official vote is automatically registered against it, which always means that the resolution must be defeated. I am perfectly well aware that the full facts of the debate are at once sent Home to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, by His Excellency the Governor, but it is equally true that the debate is accompanied by a private dispatch, at least I infer that it is—from His Excellency.\n\n148",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-453 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [1-3].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 486203,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920",
        "page_number": 557,
        "title": "CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920",
        "content_text": "## \nwickedness of sending opium to China, and second, that while the amorphous Government of that country could not control its affairs very efficiently, other countries could, as they knew how, like India, to realise a maximum of revenue from a minimum of consumption.\" He added, \"if you send opium to a country like that you are really promoting the cause of Temperance, because the people get less under high taxation than they would under smuggling.\" It might have been supposed that views like those, reminiscent as they are of the Royal Commission of 1895, would, like that discredited instrument, have become obsolete now after the Philippine success, the triumph of China, the resolutions of Shanghai and the following Articles of the Hague. But they are still alive, as letter from the present Secretary for India to the Edinburgh Anti-Opium Committee proves.\n\nThe moral and humanitarian aspect of the question has been pointed out to him, and the opinion expressed that the Hague Articles if carried out, would necessitate the reduction of the opium manufacture in India to medical requirements. He had also been asked if the Dangerous Drugs Bill included India. The date of his reply is 26th June:— \n\n\"SIR, I am directed by the Secretary of State for India in Council to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 12th May, 1920, on the subject of the opium traffic, as affecting India. \n\n\"for Secretary, Revenue and Statistics Dept.\" \n\nIt is well to note, in connection with India being declared outside the scope of Mr. Shortt's Bill, that this seems contrary to the declaration which appears below the signatures of the three British delegates to the Hague Convention. It runs thus: \"The Articles of the present Convention, ratified by His Britannic Majesty's Government, shall apply to the Governments of British India, Ceylon, the Straits Settlements, Hong-Kong, and Wei-hai-Wei in every respect in the same way as they shall apply to the United Kingdom and Ireland.\" \n\nIf the view taken in the above letter of the objects of the Hague Convention is to prevail, Britain will continue to lead in an opium traffic which is every whit as morally indefensible as that which she abandoned for her own sake and China's. A traffic which the League of Nations in Article 23 couples with that in \"women and children.\" We have acted on, the provisions of the Convention; they have invariably construed these provisions in the manner most consonant with the avowed objects of the signatory Powers; and, as has already been pointed out, have in certain cases gone further than the provisions of the Convention. \n\n| Government Action        | Description                                                                 |\n|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| Accepted Provisions     | The Government of India have accepted, and acted on, the provisions of the Convention; |\n| Construed Provisions    | have invariably construed these provisions in the manner most consonant with the avowed objects of the signatory Powers; |\n| Further Action          | and, as has already been pointed out, have in certain cases gone further than the provisions of the Convention. |\n\nThe Dangerous Drugs Bill does not apply to India. I am to explain, however, that the Government of India were requested some time ago to examine their laws, regulations, departmental rules, and practice, and arrange for such emendations and alterations, if any, as might be necessary in order to bring their laws, rules, and procedure into exact conformity with the provisions of the Hague Convention. It is believed that no alterations will be necessary, as the Indian law and practice have for years been in accord with the principles of that Convention.—I am, sir, your obedient servant, \n\n\"H. J. TOZER, \n\n\"3. The views of your Committee, and of the Government of India, as you point out, widely divergent. The Government of India do not admit that the opium used in India, or exported, is 'abused'; they do not consider it advisable to limit the export of opium from India to the amount required solely for 'medicinal' purposes; and they do not accept the suggestions that India should prohibit the export of opium in order to force, or to attempt to force, the countries which now receive their supplies from India to abandon their present opium policy. In this connexion, I am to point out that the Hague Convention contemplates, and provides for, the use of opium for other than purely medicinal purposes; it does not stigmatise the use of opium for such purposes as an 'abuse'; and it places the responsibility for regulating the import of the drug, and the derivatives, upon the importing country. The Government of India have complied with all the provisions of the Convention; they fully accept the ultimate object of the measures adopted by the Government of India for controlling and regulating this traffic are by no means in consonance with the spirit of the Hague Opium Convention. \n\n\"z. Mr. Montagu takes strong exception to the statement that the measures adopted by the Government of India for controlling and regulating this traffic are by no means in consonance with the spirit of the Hague Opium Convention. \n\nAs the preamble states, that Convention was concluded with the object of achieving certain ends set forth therein, and the provisions of the Convention embody, in precise terms, the considered decisions of the various Governments represented as to the most suitable means to be adopted in order to attain those ends. The Government of India have accepted, and acted on, the provisions of the Convention; they have invariably, in order to raise £2,000,000 or £3,000,000 of revenue, continued to cultivate 200,000 acres of the best land of India (and the number has risen of late) for growing opium, 8000 chests of which are consumed in India, several thousands more than what is needed for medicine, the excess of which is exported to countries for a \"pernicious luxury\" which the terms of the Convention neither denounce nor suggest as desirable. In these circumstances, Mr. Montagu cannot say that the Government of India are certainly not open to the charge that they have failed to act in consonance with the spirit of the Convention. \n\nIt is a case of the pot and the kettle. Still, if smoking is worse than eating opium, which was recently described in the Legislative Assembly, it must be bad indeed. Rai Bahadur Lala Frijut Ram, as reported in the Calcutta newspaper Capital, said in May: \"Since 1903 the consumption of the drug has been steadily increasing. Though the price is touch higher, the victims pay it freely, at the cost of comforts and the bare necessities of life. They are fully aware that they are in the grip of a most deadly poison, which they cannot get free from even if they wish to, but they would welcome any measure which would save their children from it. If I could convince the European members of this House, as well as the members from the other Valley, of the most appalling moral, intellectual, spinal, and economic deterioration of these victims. There is no mean, no humiliation, which a needy opium-eater will refuse to stoop to, in order to get a dose of the drug. How many useful persons have been thoroughly spoilt. How many happy homes have been ruined for good.\"",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 487355,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5]",
        "page_number": 329,
        "title": "CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5]",
        "content_text": "# COPY.\n\nEnclosure /.\n\n## INTERNATIONAL ANTI-OPIUM ASSOCIATION, PEKING.\n\n28 Erh Tiao Hutung,  \nPeking, December 20th, 1920.\n\nHis Excellency  \n**Sir Reginald Stubbs, K.C.M.G.,**  \nGovernment House,  \nHongkong.\n\nSir,\n\nThe Board of Directors of the International Anti-Opium Association, Peking, has instructed me to respectfully request from Your Excellency the favour of certain information.\n\nIn order to make clear the character of the information desired it is necessary to state that recently two of the Directors had an interview with Mr. Holyoak, a member of the Hongkong Legislative Assembly who made the following statements to them:\n\n1. That the Hongkong Government is gradually extinguishing the importation of opium into the Colony;\n2. That the Hongkong Government is reducing its opium revenue by a fixed percentage yearly to a date about three years hence when this Hongkong Opium Revenue will be completely abolished;\n3. That in consequence of arrangements between the British and Chinese Governments the Hongkong opium revenue has been considerably reduced, while the Chinese Government, or its officials, having at a certain time abolished Chinese opium production are now securing opium revenue, and are thus causing an unfair loss to the Hongkong Government.\n\nAs regards the first statement (1) it is noted from the Chinese Customs Returns that the amount of opium imported",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 487362,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5]",
        "page_number": 336,
        "title": "CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5]",
        "content_text": "## INTERNATIONAL ANTI-OPIUM ASSOCIATION, PEKING\n\n22, Erh Tiao Huntung,  \nPeking,  \nDecember 20th, 1920.\n\nHis Excellency,  \nSir Reginald Stubbs, K.C.M.G.,  \nGovernment House,  \nHongkong.\n\nSir,\n\n335\n\nThe Board of Directors of the International Anti-Opium Association, Peking, has instructed me to respectfully request Your Excellency the favour of certain information.\n\nIn order to make clear the character of the information desired, it is necessary to state that recently two of the Directors had an interview with Mr. Holyoak, a member of the Hongkong Legislative Assembly, who made the following statements to them:\n\n1. That the Hongkong Government is gradually extinguishing the importation of opium into the Colony.\n2. That the Hongkong Government is reducing its opium revenue by a fixed percentage yearly to a date about three years hence, when this Hongkong Opium Revenue will be completely abolished.\n3. That in consequence of arrangements between the British and Chinese Governments, the Hongkong opium revenue has been considerably reduced, while the Chinese Government, or its officials, having at a certain time abolished Chinese opium production, are now securing opium revenue, and are thus causing an unfair loss to the Hongkong Government.\n\nAs regards the first statement (1), it is noted from the Chinese Customs Returns that the amount of",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 488247,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-468 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 600,
        "title": "CO129-468 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "## \"MUI TSAI\" QUESTION\n\n(Continued from page 5.)\n\nReading the statement that children bought in order to relieve needy parents of a burden, the speaker queried the sincerity of this claim and expressed the opinion that the real intention was to make them servant-girls subject to the absolute will of their masters. The purchase of children was not the way to assist destitute parents. The way to do that was to establish homes and form an association for the sole purpose of lending money to the needy. This was the radical solution of the problem.\n\nAfter several more speakers had addressed the meeting for and against the custom, the **CHAIRMAN** declared that if the mui Tsai system were suppressed, the concubine system would also have to be suppressed in order to secure equality. He denied, by way of reply to a previous speaker, that the agitation for abolition originated with Hongkong Europeans, and attributed it to Dr. Hazlewood.\n\nIt was pointed out that there were many humane people who reported ill-treatment to the local authorities who were very accessible.\n\nOne member of the audience declared that it was futile to ask—as one of the questions before the meeting did—whether servant-girls were brought up to become prostitutes as the masters concerned were not likely to admit that. \"Was it right to kidnap, was it right to sell girls?\" he demanded, adding, \"**Of course not. If people did not do it, there would be no need for a law.**\"\n\nYet another speaker declared that the question was whether the keeping of servant-girls was beneficial or harmful to the Chinese. If harmful, they should do their best to do away with it. There were good points in the system, but most of the speakers had dwelt on the bad aspects. Personally, he favoured the abolition because he felt the evil outweighed the good.\n\nA vehement defender of the system, a speaker who addressed the meeting with great animation and much gesticulation, declared that they could not stop people from giving birth to children and demanded to know, \"Do you suggest drowning them or killing them?\" Could they guarantee to keep all the servant-girls if the present system were abolished? In answer to an interruption, he declared that no one, the Government included, could stop him from saying what he thought.\n\nA member of the Chinese Y.M.C.A. pointed out that the British Government had voted £20,000,000 towards freeing the black slaves in America.\n\n## THE RESOLUTIONS\n\nThe **CHAIRMAN** then put the questions before the meeting. By show of hands, the assembly declared, unanimously,\n| Resolution | Outcome |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1.) Servant girls are not brought up for prostitution; | Unanimously in favour |\n| (2.) Servant girls are not slaves; | In favour with 2 dissentients |\n| (3.) Servant girls are not kept for sexual purposes by their masters; | Unanimously in favour |\n| (4.) The Chinese Government has passed no law to abolish the practice; | In favour with 8 dissentients |\n| (5.) Owners cannot ill-treat them as they please. | In favour with 1 dissentient |\n\nIn putting the resolutions, the **CHAIRMAN** interspersed two or three lengthy speeches and became involved in argument with some members of the audience.\n\nAfter another half-hour of desultory discussion, a further resolution was put, and carried unanimously, to the effect that steps be taken to establish a society for the prevention of cruelty to mui Tsai, on the lines of the society recently established, at the instance of the European community, for the prevention of cruelty to animals.\n\nSeveral subsequent speakers made reference to principles of humanity, urging that the system should be abolished if ill-treatment were proved. One speaker condemned the system and asked the Chairman to have the matter raised in the Legislative Council that it might be completely suppressed. Another speaker said most of the prostitutes were originally mui Tsai.\n\nThe proceedings then terminated, and the audience for the evening theatrical performance began to assemble.\n\nPage 600  \nPage 601",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-468 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [6-8].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 491156,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-473 - Individuals - 1921",
        "page_number": 149,
        "title": "CO129-473 - Individuals - 1921",
        "content_text": "As a result of the Resolution passed by the Assembly on the Traffic in Women & Children, a Conference to deal with this question is being held by the League of Nations at Geneva on June 30th next. The discussion of the conditions at present existing under British administration in the Crown Colony of Hong Kong is certain to arise.\n\nIn view of the question to be raised it would seem extremely desirable that the matter of the so-called \"adoption\" of children in Hong Kong should be dealt with by His Majesty's Government, with as little delay as possible. According to the regulations at present in force, children may under the legal fiction of \"adoption\" be sold by their parents at a very early age; no provisions are made with regard to hours of labour, and the kind of labour which can be demanded of even the youngest child that is handed over for a money payment. There is no doubt that the very greatest suffering and hardship is caused, and that this system is a recognised means of obtaining girls for immoral purposes.\n\nOn October 28th, 1920 the Attorney General of Hong Kong stated at the meeting of the Legislative Council that the evil resulting from the traffic in girls in this Colony is so great that further powers are required for dealing with it, and he suggested that the amendments of the Ordinance of 1897 for the prevention of cruelty to children should be considered.\n\nPage 147\n\nUnder the Labour Clauses of various International Conventions regarding Children, after ratification, all such Conventions have to be put in force in all Colonies & dependencies. It could have been taken into consideration and the way of selling children for probation dealt with.\n\nIn the Daily News, May 11th, there is an article about a case which came before the Court in Hong Kong, of children carrying weights. I honestly believe that there is a real evil to be eradicated, & I should be so relieved if something could be done before the League of Nations Conference is held at Geneva.\n\nYours Ever,\nHughly Glad to be\nof some help.\n\nCHILD SLAVERY IN Hong Kong\n\n \n[Appears to be the start of a different letter or document, possibly misplaced or out of order due to OCR errors]",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-473 - Individuals - 1921.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 491160,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-473 - Individuals - 1921",
        "page_number": 153,
        "title": "CO129-473 - Individuals - 1921",
        "content_text": "BT\n\nLEAGUE OF NATIONS\n\n21/31/19.\n\n151\n\nGeneva, 16th February, 1921.\n\nTRAFFIC IN WOMEN AND CHILDREN.\n\nThe Secretary-General of the League of Nations presents his compliments to ... and begs to inform him that on 15th December, 1920, the following Resolution was adopted by the Assembly of the League of Nations:\n\n\"The Secretariat of the League of Nations shall issue a Questionnaire and the Assembly shall authorise the Secretariat to send this Questionnaire to all Governments. The Governments shall be asked what legislative measures have been taken by them to combat the Traffic, and especially what additional measures they are proposing to take in the future.\"\n\nIn accordance with this Resolution, the Secretary-General has the honour to request the Government to give the information asked for in the following questionnaire with reference to the measures already taken or proposed to be taken to combat the Traffic in Women and Children.\n\nPage 1\n\nQUESTIONNAIRE.\n\n12.\n\n1. Is it a criminal offence under the laws of ... to procure women and girls under age whether with or without their consent,\n\n(a)\n\n(b) to procure by fraud or violence women or girls over age, for immoral purposes?\n\nIn case (a), what is the age below which the consent of the woman or girl does not constitute a defence to the charge?\n\nPage 2",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-473 - Individuals - 1921.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 492960,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 313,
        "title": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1922.\n\nNOTICE.\n\n305 3\n\nHIRE YOUR CARS from the DRAGON MOTOR CAR CO., LTD. TOURING AND SEDAN CARS FOR HIRE. PROMPT SERVICE. CAPABLE CHAUFFEURS. REASONABLE RATES. GARAGES IN HONGKONG AND KOWLOON. Telephones-HONGKONG Central 482 & 3552. KOWLOON Kowloon 226\n\nHONGKONG HOTEL AMERICAN SODA FOUNTAIN NOW OPEN OVER 100 VARIETIES OF ICES, PUNCHES, SUNDAES and FROZEN SPECIALITIES. Also ICE CREAM BRICKS MAIN ENTRANCE ON DES VOEUX ROAD.\n\nE HING & CO. SHIPBUILDING MATERIALS, SHIPCHANDLERS AND HARDWARE MERCHANTS. 25, WING WOO ST. 'PHONE CENTRAL NO. 1110. CENTRAL.\n\nFRENCH LESSONS. C. MOUSSION, 15, Morrison Hill Road.\n\nBRUNSWICK NEWS LEOPOLD GODOWSKY MASTER PIANIST RECORDS EXCLUSIVELY FOR BRUNSWICK. THE BRUNSWICK STUDIO, Bank of China Bldg. (1st Floor) entrance DUDDELL STREET\n\nDON'T Wear cheap colored glasses YVANOVICH & CO. DISTRIBUTORS Tel. Central No. 4035 SAVE YOUR EYES. CHINESE OPTICAL CO will give you the BEST ADVICE regarding your eyesight. 67, Queen's Road Central.\n\nSPEED! International Amateur Typewriting Championship won on Remington No.10 142 WORDS PER MINUTE New York Oct. 7. 1921 International Typewriting Contest won by Miss Marion C.Waner on Remington No.10 142 gross. 127 net words per min for 30 minutes\n\nRemington M Lightening speed, lightness of touch, accuracy and sturdy construction are principles which are built in the Remington.\n\nMUSTARD & CO. 22 Museum Road, Shanghai Exclusive Representatives for China (including Hongkong & Macao) Branches-Hongkong, Canton, Hankow, Tientsin.\n\nLEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. (Continued from Page 23) in service. That has been remedied and the Government now has before it the general question of extending motor bus services in the New Territories. We want in future to complete road making before the services are started.\n\nThe Hon. Mr. Lang: Will the owners of these busses be responsible for part of the upkeep of these roads?\n\nThe Chairman: Well, the whole question is under consideration and we are not embarking immediately on any scheme for that reason. There is another point about these roads. From Au Tau the approach is merely a road through paddy fields and the result is that with the weight of the traffic the foundations of the road spread. It ought to have been made of stone in the first instance. I think the Director of Public Works will agree.\n\nThe Director of Public Works: It would have been better if it had been formed as a causeway.\n\nThe Hon. Mr. Bud: If they reinforce the road would that help?\n\nThe Director of Public Works: No, the road falls away from the reinforcement.\n\nThe Hon. Mr. Bird: Will the busses be made to have pneumatic instead of solid tyres?\n\nThe Chairman: Undoubtedly. That is the intention.\n\nEARLIER TELEGRAMS.\n\nTHE LEAGUE OF NATIONS ASSEMBLY. Geneva, Sept. 21. D. Nansen's Near East proposal invites the Assembly to request the Council to consider steps, by the offer of its good office to the belligerents or otherwise, to secure an immediate cessation of hostilities. The proposal was referred to the Political Commission.\n\nJapan alone escaped adverse criticism from the mandatory Powers when the Assembly resumed the discussion on the mandate reports. On the contrary, at the meeting of the Permanent Mandate Commission, the Chairman, Marquis Theodoli, expressly complimented Japan on the way in which she had carried out her duties and the excellence of her reports.\n\nH. M. S. PETERSFIELD. London, Sept. 21. The minesweeper Petersfield is commissioning at Portsmouth as a despatch vessel for the China Station Commander.\n\nU.S. SOLDIERS' BONUS BILL. Washington, Sept. 21. The Senate, by 44 votes to 28 failed to pass the Soldiers' Bonus Bill over President Harding's veto.\n\nContinued on Page 41\n\nmotor car for use of Medical Officer in Kowloon and New Territories. Kowloon British School, provision of new class rooms.\n\nThe Chairman: The vote was $5,000 and this is $500 extra for the furniture.\n\nThe Chairman: There is an increasing demand upon the cars by several departments and the $7,000 in aid of the vote medical officer has to go to Lai Chi Kok daily so that it is necessary to buy another car.\n\n$5,700 in aid of the following votes:--Fire Brigade. Other Charges:-Clothing, $3,500; incidental expenses, $200; stores, $1,500; other charges, coal.\n\nThe Chairman: The vote is $139,650. It was based on an exact number of tons it the monthly consumption is slightly higher and the strike traffic was heavy.\n\n$1,500 in aid of the following votes:-Governor, Other Charges:-Incidental expenses, $750; electric fans and light.\n\nThe votes for $15,000 in aid of the vote Public Works. Extraordinary, Hongkong, Government House, additions and reconstruction of kitchen and garage blocks.\n\nThe Chairman: The estimate was $5,000 but there has been an increase in the number of men and the extra expense was to cover the increased personnel and establishment generally. Approved.\n\n$750. $15,000 on account of Public Works. Extraordinary, New Territories, diaphone fog signalling installation, Waglan.\n\nThe Chairman: $13,400 in aid of the vote Public Works. Extraordinary, Hong Kong. alteration of Harbour View Police Training School.\n\nThe Chairman: $20,000 was voted in 1921 and when the estimates for 1922 were prepared it was not certain how far the vote would be exhausted and $15,000 was put in. The revised estimate of total costs is less than this.\n\n$10,000 in aid of the vote Public Works. Recurrent, Hongkong. improvements to buildings.\n\nThe Chairman: The Police Training School, as you know is being built eventually on Kowloon City Reclamation but in the meantime Harbour View is an entirely suitable position for it. This money is required to make the necessary alterations.\n\n$17,000 on account of Public Works, Extraordinary, Kowloon, conversion of the China Light and Power Company's premises into a Government garage.\n\nThe Hon. Mr. Lang: I am afraid I do not know where it is.\n\nThe Chairman: It is at Breezy Point, the old German Mission. The Government's intention is to resume that land and pay the proceeds over to the mission and in the meantime while the other Police Training School is building, we have to use these premises.\n\n$5,000 in aid of the vote Harbour Master's Department, other charges, raising and renewing moorings of ocean steamships.\n\nThe Chairman: The vote is $20,000 and we find that this extra sum is required.\n\n$2,402 on account of Miscellaneous Services, purchase of a motor car for use of Medical Officer in Kowloon and New Territories.\n\n$500 in aid of the vote Public Works, Extraordinary, Kowloon.\n\nThe Chairman: The Government is increasing the number of cars and fire engines and lorries. These are repaired at the old premises of the China Light and Power Company.\n\nCaruso said:\"My VICTOR RECORDS shall be my biography.\" MOUTRIES:-ole Victor Agents.\n\n20% September 16th. to October 16th. HABANA CIGARS **CORONAS** Coronas Obeliscos Hall A-Corona 25s $22.75 25s 13.25 25s 11.75 Celestiales Chicos 25s 10.75 Londres Finos 50s 18.50 \"BOCK Y CA\" Emperadores 258 22.75 25$ 12.50 258 9.75 506 16.50 258 19.00 258 15.75 Perfectos Elegantes Regalia Santiago Panetelas \"HENRY CLAY\" Torpedoes Invincibles Finos Jockey Club... 255 9.75 TABAQUERIA FILIPINA 38. Queen's Road Central. Phone 3559.\n\nBATH TOWELS THERE IS NOTHING LIKE THAT FINE ENERGETIC FEELING OBTAINED BY A BRISK RUB DOWN WITH A GOOD TOWEL. WE HAVE TOWELS FOR THIS VERY PURPOSE MAKE YOUR SELECTION FROM OUR NEW STOCK. THE SINCERE CO., LTD.\n\nHALL'S DISTEMPER The KING of Water Paints Its Sanitary, washable, and high disinfecting qualities make it the ideal wall covering for your home or office. Handled by all Contractors and Painters. Write for our Brochure on \"How to decorate your Home\" to WILLIAM C. JACK & CO., LTD. Sole Agents HONGKONG & SOUTH CHINA.\n\nTHE CAMERAS & LENSES that can do WONDERS are GOERZ Sole agents in China HALL, LAW & CO. Telephone Central $217. 10, Des Voeux Road, C. Above Bank of East Asia, Ltd.\n\nTHE WING FAT PRINTING CO., LTD. PAPER SELLERS, STATIONERS. Printers, SALE ROOM Photo Engravers, Paper-Box Makers and Bookbinders. PRINTING OFFICE No. 149. Wing Lok Street No. A. WHITFIELD Rd. TELEPHONE CENTRAL 2257 TELEPHONE CENTRAL 1910\n\nSCIENTIFIC MASSAGE. Mr. Nankwatsu Akaji, a Graduate of the Tokyo Massage School, has opened a massage room on the First Floor of 2 Queen's Road. Central. Office hours from 10.30 a.m. to 5 p.m. Mr. Akaji gives massage on scientific lines, based on instruction in anatomical physiology. Fee for treatment :-$2.00 per visit.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 493709,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922",
        "page_number": 100,
        "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922",
        "content_text": "Owing to the facilities for smuggling opium from the Indian States and elsewhere, and the deeply-rooted nature of the habit, it proved impossible to pursue the ideal of prohibition, and a policy was substituted which aimed at keeping the consumption within the strictest possible limits by continuously raising the cost of opium to the consumer. The success of that policy cannot be gainsaid. The population of British India to-day consumes annually 26 grains of opium per head, 20 grains less than the probable per capita consumption of the United States of America, and a very small fraction of the per capita consumption of other opium-consuming countries in the East.\n\nIn India proper, apart from Burma, opium smoking seems only to an extremely limited extent. It is strongly reprobated by public opinion, and the Government of India have done everything short of absolute legal prohibition to check the practice. The manufacture of opium for smoking, except by an individual for his own use, is prohibited; opium smoking preparations cannot be bought; the amount of opium an individual can obtain for manufacture into preparations is strictly limited; and the amount he can have in his possession is generally limited to 90 grains. Opium smoking is essentially a social vice, and the question of making illegal any assembly of three or more persons for the purpose of smoking is at present being considered by Local Governments, together with the question of the practicability of prohibiting opium smoking altogether.\n\nBurma, where opium smoking was introduced from China, and affects Burmans adversely, presents a separate problem. Since 1885 there has been absolute prohibition of the use of opium except for medical purposes for all Burmans in Upper Burma. The same prohibition has been in force since 1887 in Lower Burma, except for registered consumers. No new consumers are registered, and the number has now fallen from 34,000 to 5,405. The population of Burma consists of 12,000,000 people. Non-Burmans in Upper Burma, and non-Burmans and registered Burmans in Lower Burma can obtain opium at licensed shops, subject to limitations of amount, but, as in the rest of India, the sale of prepared opium is prohibited.\n\nThose who advocate the suppression of poppy cultivation in India do so on two grounds. First, that the inhabitants of India are being drugged against their will, and, second, that India is flooding the world, especially China, with her opium. Space need not be wasted over the first of these contentions. It has been seen that the Government have been engaged in a struggle to keep the consumption of opium in India as low as possible during the last hundred years, and the opinions expressed by the Royal Commission of 1893 were described in Chapter I. If the Government of India ceased to control the production of opium and prohibited poppy cultivation in British India, an unregulated supply would at once begin to flow from the Indian States, over the border from China, and from Persia and the Levant. Armies could not stop it. Further, as Provincial Governments have now been invested with control over excise, it may be expected that under the pressure of public opinion, exerted through the new Legislative Councils, the policy of restriction hitherto followed will not be abandoned. It may indeed become more stringent.\n\nIt is not clear why the delusion should persist in some quarters that India floods the world with opium, and that Indian production is responsible for the morphia epidemic in China and the Western countries. Once the amount of opium produced in India and exported is viewed in its proper perspective, compared with production and export in other parts of the world, that delusion must immediately vanish. The legitimate markets for Indian opium, apart from export to China, took 16,000 chests of Indian opium a year in days when the China trade was in full swing, and there was no inducement to smuggle to that country. Now those markets take only 6,000 to 11,000 chests, and will very probably take less in future. Indian opium is not exported to the United States, and Chinese opium is sold retail in China at less than the cost of production in India. Such are the facts regarding the statements sometimes made that India is drenching America and China with her opium.\n\nThe production of opium by the Government of India in 1919-20, including a certain quantity supplied by the Native States, amounted to 936 tons, of which 643 tons were exported. In 1906 China produced 34,852 tons, and in 1908, according to an estimate by Mr. Hamilton Wright, 21,887 tons. So far as it is possible to ascertain, she produces to-day about 20 per cent. of her output in 1906, say 7,000 tons, or more than seven times the production of India. So far as Turkey is concerned, accurate information is not obtainable in respect of total production, but authorities agree that in normal times the average Turkish export amounts to 7,000 chests annually, each chest containing 150 lbs. of opium, rising in a good year to 12,000 chests. Seven thousand chests of Turkish opium represent by weight 469 tons, but when comparing Turkish with Indian opium it must be remembered that the former contains 12 per cent. of morphine, while the average morphine content of Indian opium is only 8 per cent. Seven thousand chests (469 tons) of Turkish opium are the equivalent in morphine of 662 tons of Indian opium, and Turkey has not signed the Hague Convention. Persia, according to the Encyclopædia Britannica, produced 10,000 piculs of opium in 1907, nearly all of which was exported, and there is no reason to believe she exports much less to-day. Ten thousand piculs (594 tons by weight) of opium, with a morphia content of 12 per cent., are equivalent to 838 tons of Indian opium containing only 8 per cent. of morphine, and Persia signed the Hague Convention with a reservation of Article 3 (a), which deals...\n\nPage 41\n\n...\n\nPage 40\n\n97\n\nL\n\nPage 42\n\n4983\n\nE",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 493982,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922",
        "page_number": 374,
        "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922",
        "content_text": "DRAFT.\n\nU.S.J.S.\n\nTo Mo 14404/22\n\n[1\n\nIn\n\n367\n\n31\n\n31 March. 122\n\n1\n\nto tro to\n\nyou,\n\nto be laid before the thong.\n\n70\n\nMINUTE.\n\nMr. Harman 3/3/22.\n\nMr. Beckett\n\nMr.\n\nMr. Davis.\n\nSir G. Grindle.\n\nSir H. Read.\n\nSir J. Masterton Smith.\n\nMr. Wood.\n\nMr. Churchill,\n\n16\n\n3\n\nCurzon of\n\nRedleston, the\n\na\n\ncopy of\n\na telegram from\n\nthe Chinese National\n\nAssembly\"\n\nand\n\nCanton\n\nlegislative\n\nto\n\nincidents\n\nwhich\n\noccurred during\n\nthe recent\n\nHongkong\n\nstrike\n\nat\n\n} \n\nto request\n\nthat this Dept. may be",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 498389,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924",
        "page_number": 58,
        "title": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924",
        "content_text": "# Chapter X-The Law\n\n## Art. 103\nMembers of both Houses and the Government may introduce Bills, but if a Bill is rejected by one House, it shall not be reintroduced during the same session.\n\n## Art. 104\nAny Bill which has been passed by Parliament shall be promulgated by the President within fifteen days after its transmission to him.\n\n## Art. 105\nIn the event of the President disapproving a Bill passed by Parliament, he shall within the period prescribed for promulgation state his reasons and request its reconsideration. If both Houses adhere to their former decision, the Bill shall be promulgated forthwith.\n\nIn the event of a Bill not being submitted with a request for reconsideration and the period for promulgation has passed, it shall become law. But this shall not apply when Parliament is adjourned or the House of Representatives dissolved before the period for promulgation comes to an end.\n\n## Art. 106\nNo law shall be altered or repealed except in accordance with the law.\n\n## Art. 107\nWhen a resolution passed by Parliament is submitted for reconsideration, the regulations governing the introduction of Bills shall apply.\n\n## Art. 108\nLaws that conflict with the Constitution shall be invalid.\n\n# Chapter XI-National Finance\n\n## Art. 109\nThe introduction of new taxes and alterations in the rate of taxation shall be determined by law.\n\n## Art. 110\nThe approval of Parliament shall be obtained for the flotation of national loans and the conclusion of agreements entailing additional burdens on the national exchequer.\n\n## Art. 111\nAll financial Bills imposing direct burdens on the people shall be first discussed by the House of Representatives.\n\n## Art. 112\nAn estimate of the annual expenditures and receipts of the nation shall be prepared in the form of a budget by the Government, to be first submitted to the House of Representatives within fifteen days after the opening of the sessions of Parliament.\n\nIn the event of the Senate amending or rejecting the budget passed by the House of Representatives, it shall request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in its amendment or rejection; if such concurrence be unobtainable, that which was originally passed by the House of Representatives shall form the budget.\n\n## Art. 113\nIn the case of special undertakings, the Government may determine in advance in the budget the period over which the expenditures are to be spread and provide the successive appropriations for such period.\n\n## Art. 114\nIn order to provide for deficiencies or omissions in the budget, the Government may include contingent items in the budget.\n\nThe sums expended under the above provision shall be submitted at the next session to the House of Representatives for approval.\n\n## Art. 115\nExcept with the concurrence of the Government, Parliament shall have no right to strike off or reduce any of the following items of expenditure:\n| Item |\n| --- |\n| 1. Those appertaining to the legal obligations of the nation. |\n| 2. Expenditures necessary to carry out treaties. |\n| 3. Those which are necessary according to the law. |\n| 4. Appropriations to be spread over a period of years. |\n\n## Art. 116\nParliament shall not add to the annual expenditures included in the budget.\n\n## Art. 117\nBetween the commencement of the fiscal year and the passing of the budget, the monthly expenditure of the Government shall be on the scale of one-twelfth of the amount allowed in the budget for the previous year.\n\n## Art. 118\nIn the event of there being a foreign war or suppression of internal rebellion, or relief for extraordinary catastrophe, when the urgency of the situation makes it impossible to issue writs for the summoning of Parliament, the Government may adopt financial measures adequate for the emergency, but it shall request the approval thereof by the House of Representatives within seven days after the opening of the next session of Parliament.\n\n## Art. 119\nOrders on the Treasury for payment on account of the annual expenditures of the Government shall first be approved by the Board of Audit.\n\n## Art. 120\nThe statement of payments and receipts for each year shall first be referred to the Board of Audit for investigation and then be reported by the Government to Parliament.\n\nIf the statement or Bills submitted for approval be rejected by the House of Representatives, the Cabinet Ministers shall be held responsible.\n\n## Art. 121\nThe organisation of the Board of Audit and the qualifications of the auditors shall be determined by law.\n\nDuring their tenure of office, the auditors shall not have their emoluments decreased, nor be suspended, nor transferred to other posts.\n\nThe punishment of auditors shall be determined by law.\n\n## Art. 122\nThe chief of the Board of Audit shall be elected by the Senate. The chief of the Board of Audit may attend the sittings of both Houses to report on the financial statements and make speeches.\n\n## Art. 123\nThe budget and Bills submitted for approval which have been passed by Parliament shall be promulgated by the President after the receipt thereof.\n\n# Chapter XII.-Local Government System\n\n## Art. 124\nLocal areas are divided into two grades, the province (\"sheng\") and the district (\"hsien\").\n\n## Art. 125\nIn accordance with the stipulations of article 22, Chapter V of the present Constitution, the province may itself enact laws for provincial self-government, but these shall not conflict with the present Constitution or with any national law.\n\n## Art. 126\nThe Provincial Self-Government Law shall be drafted by a Provincial Self-government Law Conference composed of delegates elected by the Provincial Assembly, the District Assemblies, and the professional organisations of the entire province.\n\nIn regard to the delegates above mentioned, besides one to be elected by each District Assembly, the number to be elected by the Provincial Assembly shall not exceed one-half of the total elected by the District Assemblies. This shall also apply to the delegates to be elected by the various professional organisations.\n\nThe delegates to be elected by the Provincial Assembly and the District Assemblies shall not be members of these assemblies. The law for the governance of such election shall be regulated by the Provincial Law.\n\n## Art. 127\nThe following provisions shall apply to all provinces:\n| Provision |\n| --- |\n| 1. The province shall have a Provincial Assembly, which shall be a representative organ of a single chamber system, and the members shall be directly elected. |\n| 2. The province shall have a Provincial Administrative Council (“Sheng Wu Yuan”) as executive of the Provincial Self-government Administration, to be composed of from five to nine members (\"Sheng Wu Yuen\") directly elected by the people of the province, and their term of office shall be four years. Before it is possible to carry out the direct election, an electoral college may be formed for such election according to the provisions of the preceding article; but persons in military service shall not be elected unless they have been relieved of office for at least one year. |\n| 3. The Provincial Administrative Council shall have a chairman (\"yuan chang\") who shall be elected by and among the members of the council. |\n| 4. Citizens of the Republic of China who have been residing in the province for one year or more shall be equal in the eyes of the law of the province and be in full enjoyment of all civil rights. |\n\n## Art. 128\nThe following provisions shall apply to all districts:\n| Provision |\n| --- |\n| 1. The district shall have a District Assembly in which is vested the legislative power over all self-government affairs in the district. |\n| 2. The district shall have a magistrate (\"hsien chang\") directly elected by the people of the district as executive, with the assistance of the District Council (\"Hsien Ts'an Shih Hui\"), of the District Self-governing Administration. This, however, shall not apply pending the completion of the independence of the judiciary and the lower grade self-government system. |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 498395,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924",
        "page_number": 64,
        "title": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924",
        "content_text": "# Chapter X-The Law\n\n## Art. 103\nMembers of both Houses and the Government may introduce Bills, but if a Bill is rejected by one House, it shall not be reintroduced during the same session.\n\n## Art. 104\nAny Bill which has been passed by Parliament shall be promulgated by the President within fifteen days after its transmission to him.\n\n## Art. 105\nIn the event of the President disapproving a Bill passed by Parliament, he shall within the period prescribed for promulgation state his reasons and request its reconsideration. If both Houses adhere to their former decision, the Bill shall be promulgated forthwith.\n\nIn the event of a Bill not being submitted with a request for reconsideration and the period for promulgation has passed, it shall become law. But this shall not apply when Parliament is adjourned or the House of Representatives dissolved before the period for promulgation comes to an end.\n\n## Art. 106\nNo law shall be altered or repealed except in accordance with the law.\n\n## Art. 107\nWhen a resolution passed by Parliament is submitted for reconsideration, the regulations governing the introduction of Bills shall apply.\n\n## Art. 108\nLaws that conflict with the Constitution shall be invalid.\n\n# Chapter XI-National Finance\n\n## Art. 109\nThe introduction of new taxes and alterations in the rate of taxation shall be determined by law.\n\n## Art. 110\nThe approval of Parliament shall be obtained for the flotation of national loans and the conclusion of agreements entailing additional burdens on the national exchequer.\n\n## Art. 111\nAll financial Bills imposing direct burdens on the people shall be first discussed by the House of Representatives.\n\n## Art. 112\nAn estimate of the annual expenditures and receipts of the nation shall be prepared in the form of a budget by the Government, to be first submitted to the House of Representatives within fifteen days after the opening of the sessions of Parliament.\n\nIn the event of the Senate amending or rejecting the budget passed by the House of Representatives, it shall request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in its amendment or rejection; if such concurrence be unobtainable, that which was originally passed by the House of Representatives shall form the budget.\n\n## Art. 113\nIn the case of special undertakings the Government may determine in advance in the budget the period over which the expenditures are to be spread and provide the successive appropriations for such period.\n\n## Art. 114\nIn order to provide for deficiencies or omissions in the budget, the Government may include contingent items in the budget.\n\nThe sums expended under the above provision shall be submitted at the next session to the House of Representatives for approval.\n\n## Art. 115\nExcept with the concurrence of the Government, Parliament shall have no right to strike off or reduce any of the following items of expenditure:\n\n1. Those appertaining to the legal obligations of the nation.\n2. Expenditures necessary to carry out treaties.\n3. Those which are necessary according to the law.\n4. Appropriations to be spread over a period of years.\n\n## Art. 116\nParliament shall not add to the annual expenditures included in the budget.\n\n## Art. 117\nBetween the commencement of the fiscal year and the passing of the budget, the monthly expenditure of the Government shall be on the scale of one-twelfth of the amount allowed in the budget for the previous year.\n\n## Art. 118\nIn the event of there being a foreign war or suppression of internal rebellion, or relief for extraordinary catastrophe, when the urgency of the situation makes it impossible to issue writs for the summoning of Parliament, the Government may adopt financial measures adequate for the emergency, but it shall request the approval thereof by the House of Representatives within seven days after the opening of the next session of Parliament.\n\n## Art. 119\nOrders on the Treasury for payment on account of the annual expenditures of the Government shall first be approved by the Board of Audit.\n\n## Art. 120\nThe statement of payments and receipts for each year shall first be referred to the Board of Audit for investigation and then be reported by the Government to Parliament.\n\nIf the statement or Bills submitted for approval be rejected by the House of Representatives, the Cabinet Ministers shall be held responsible.\n\n## Art. 121\nThe organisation of the Board of Audit and the qualifications of the auditors shall be determined by law.\n\nDuring their tenure of office the auditors shall not have their emoluments decreased, nor be suspended, nor transferred to other posts.\n\nThe punishment of auditors shall be determined by law.\n\n## Art. 122\nThe chief of the Board of Audit shall be elected by the Senate. The chief of the Board of Audit may attend the sittings of both Houses to report on the financial statements and make speeches.\n\n## Art. 123\nThe budget and Bills submitted for approval which have been passed by Parliament shall be promulgated by the President after the receipt thereof.\n\n# Chapter XII-Local Government System\n\n## Art. 124\nLocal areas are divided into two grades, the province (\"sheng\") and the district (\"hsien\").\n\n## Art. 125\nIn accordance with the stipulations of article 22, Chapter V of the present Constitution, the province may itself enact laws for provincial self-government, but these shall not conflict with the present Constitution or with any national law.\n\n## Art. 126\nThe Provincial Self-Government Law shall be drafted by a Provincial Self-government Law Conference composed of delegates elected by the Provincial Assembly, the District Assemblies and the professional organisations of the entire province.\n\nIn regard to the delegates above mentioned, besides one to be elected by each District Assembly, the number to be elected by the Provincial Assembly shall not exceed one-half of the total elected by the District Assemblies. This shall apply also to the delegates to be elected by the various professional organisations.\n\nThe delegates to be elected by the Provincial Assembly and the District Assemblies shall not be members of these assemblies. The law for the governance of such election shall be regulated by the Provincial Law.\n\n## Art. 127\nThe following provisions shall apply to all provinces:\n\n1. The province shall have a Provincial Assembly, which shall be a representative organ of a single-chamber system, and the members shall be directly elected.\n2. The province shall have a Provincial Administrative Council (\"Sheng Wu Yuan\") as executive of the Provincial Self-government Administration, to be composed of from five to nine members (\"Sheng Wu Yuen\") directly elected by the people of the province, and their term of office shall be four years. Before it is possible to carry out the direct election, an electoral college may be formed for such election according to the provisions of the preceding article; but persons in military service shall not be elected unless they have been relieved of office for at least one year.\n3. The Provincial Administrative Council shall have a chairman (\"yuan chang\") who shall be elected by and among the members of the council.\n4. Citizens of the Republic of China who have been residing in the province for one year or more shall be equal in the eyes of the law of the province and be in full enjoyment of all civil rights.\n\n## Art. 128\nThe following provisions shall apply to all districts:\n\n1. The district shall have a District Assembly in which is vested the legislative power over all self-government affairs in the district.\n2. The district shall have a magistrate (\"hsien chang\") directly elected by the people of the district as executive, with the assistance of the District Council (\"Hsien Ts'an Shih Hui\"), of the District Self-governing Administration. This, however, shall not apply pending the completion of the independence of the judiciary and the lower grade self-government system.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 500433,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-489 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 144,
        "title": "CO129-489 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "The CANTON GAZETTE.\n\n廣州日報\n\nRegistered at the Post Office as a Newspaper\n\nVol III 485 CANTON, CHINA, 民國十四年八月十二日星期三 WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 12 1925,\n\nSingle Copy: 10 Cts. $2.00 A Month #24.00 A Year\n\n## Municipal Council And Canton's Civic Progress\n\n### Stability and Progress.\n\nThe inauguration of the Municipal Council on Monday deserves comment. Despite the extraordinary situation in which this city and this province are placed in consequence of the barbarous acts of the subjects of certain Foreign Powers, the people, under competent leadership, are moving, and moving steadily, in their progress towards civic betterment.\n\n### SIGNIFICANT GESTURE\n\nWhat is the significance of the ceremony on Monday when the Councillors took the oath of office and assumed their corporate responsibility as a Municipal Council? Their gesture was an assurance of confidence to the people of Canton city and a challenge to our foes within and without. As representative citizens of the city, they indicate their faith and confidence in the stability of the new democratic order ushered in on July the First, and are prepared to co-operate actively and intimately with the Executive to build the Greater Canton that shall worthily uphold the proud and ancient eminence of Canton as the Queen City of the South.\n\nLet it be carefully noted that the Municipal Council which has just been instituted is not merely an **ADVISORY** body, but a **SUPERVISORY** and **LEGISLATIVE** organ, responsible for the general direction of the activities of the City Government. The Municipal Council as now constituted is charged with power to enact such laws and regulations as usually fall within the scope of modern Municipal Governments. Upon the Municipal Council will rightly devolve the problems of Municipal Taxation, Revenue and Expenditure. The Council is to meet at regular sessions to deliberate and pass upon the measures which the Executive Commissioners propose for the efficient conduct of the affairs of the Municipality.\n\n### PUBLIC CONFIDENCE AND SUPPORT\n\nScarcely fifty days have elapsed since the new City Mayor and his associate Commissioners took up office. With a practically empty treasury confronting them, they put their shoulders resolutely to their tasks. It did not take long for the evidence of Municipal activity to become apparent to the people: the daily sanitary work of the city has since been performed to the evident satisfaction of the people, and the mending of the public roads is proceeding apace despite temporary difficulties in obtaining materials. The educational difficulties, which have long been chronic, are being grappled with systematically, and soon it is hoped that the City's public school system will be placed on a sound footing. The police have got rid of the troops which had been quartering within the city.\n\nBut whatever progress has been made in the short period since the new City Commissioners took up office, has been largely due to the confidence and goodwill which the people, through its representative citizens, have shown towards the new Government. Without the financial assistance provided by the new Municipal loan, it would not have been possible to set the Municipal machinery going with such comparative smoothness and absence of friction.\n\nAnd it is an earnest of the better days that are now before us, when we see representative citizens, chosen equitably from the chief groups of a complex community - from the fields of commerce, labour, agriculture, education and the liberal professions - ready and willing to undertake the responsibility of Municipal Government for the common welfare of the community.\n\n## Tang Chi-yao Leaving Yunnan.\n\nGeneral Ching Chin Inspects Troops.\n\n## Commerce Leaders on Trade Permits.\n\n### Meeting Of The 4 Chambers Of Commerce To Discuss The Question Of Special Permits For Transportation Of Goods---Resolution Passed.\n\nThe General Chamber of Commerce, on account of the issue of Special Permits by the Commerce Department for the transportation of goods, which, in their opinion, would cause all sorts of obstacles for merchants, called the Presidents and Representatives of the Union of Merchants Association, the City Chamber of Commerce and the Cooperative Merchants Association, in a joint meeting on the 10th instant.\n\nThe meeting was attended by over fifty thousand persons. Flags with mottoes such as \"Down with the Lin Hu, Hong Chao-lin and Tang Poon-yan rebels,\" etc. were everywhere. A full report will be published tomorrow.\n\n## New Rules For Coast Shipping.\n\nSince the outbreak of economic war with the imperialists and blockade of the seaports, the Hongkong Government has received instructions to regard coastal navigation. And all the anti-imperialist unions of the whole province have been notified to act according to the following rules duly drawn up:\n\n1. Steamers of any nationality except British or Japanese are allowed to run to and from any of the various ports, provided they will not call at Hongkong.\n2. Upon entering port, steamers must positively be subject to the inspection of the labour or picket corps of the anti-imperialist unions.\n3. No export of food stuff or any other raw material from the inland districts is allowed.\n\n## Demonstration And Parade To Urge Suppression of Rebels.\n\nIn order to combat the machinations of the Imperialists, it is necessary firstly to put down the counter-revolutionaries and tools of Imperialism; a huge provincial demonstration parade was held on the instant. The labour unions are prepared to carry on a long struggle till final victory is attained by the people.\n\n## Conference Of Chaochaw And Swatow Natives Residing At Canton.\n\nIn view of the public excitement on account of the illegal taxations and extortions on the part of Chen Chiung-ming's generals, a meeting was held at twelve o'clock yesterday by all circles in Canton to urge immediate action by the Government. A conference was held at the Hall of Canton University, for a conference to discuss the matter of urging the Government to put down Chen Chiung-ming's forces, and to restore the control of Swatow, etc. Those present were the representatives of the Swatow and Chaochow Reconstruction Association, the Taipo Public Assembly, Sin Ling Tung Society, the Fungshun Public Assembly at Canton, the Chaochow and Swatow Students Union of the Canton University, etc.\n\nThe conference was opened at half past two o'clock in the afternoon, and Mr. Chau Loo was elected Chairman. The meeting began at 3:50 in the afternoon; Mr. Woo Chung Tong, Vice President of the General Chamber of Commerce, presided and announced the formation of the meeting. He said, in a brief statement, that they were requested to attend the meeting to discuss the question of abolition of the issue of Special Permits for the transportation of goods, as petitions have repeatedly been received to that effect.\n\nThe following resolutions were passed:\n1. That the various organizations of Chaochow, etc., be united together to form a powerful organized Body, so as to deal with Chen Chiung-ming's forces, and to plan progressive methods for the future reconstruction of the Chaochow districts.\n2. That the natives of Chaochow districts residing in Canton be all requested to participate enthusiastically in the great Parade, and to urge the Government to restore the control of Cha chow districts.\n3. That Preparatory Office towards the construction of the \"Joint Union of the Chaochow organizations in Canton\" be used on their participation in the Parade of the 11th August.\n\n## Form Branch Of Cooperative Aeroplane Association\n\nAt the Headquarters of the Defense troops under General Wu Toh-chen, a meeting was held to inaugurate a Branch of the Cooperative Aeroplane Association. There were present, Mr. Chen Pak-nin rendered his report on the present political administration of Chen Chiung-ming's generals in Cha chow, etc. General Wu Teh-chen announced that there is difficulty in the enforcement of such permits.\n\nMr. Liang Tso Hiang said that he had been sent by Commissioner Soong to discuss the obstacles in the Regulations governing the issue of such permits, and a request was made for abolition of such permits. Mr. Woo added that they (the representatives of the Chamber of Commerce and Unions of Merchants) had already held a meeting and expressed opinions and agreed that the points, regarding such permits, which require discussion.\n\nMr. Wong Kok Shing said that the Special Permits are suitable for imported goods, and it appears that exported goods would not be subject to these permits.\n\nMr. Cheung Fat Yu said that Commissioner Soong stated yesterday that the Special Permits do not apply to inland villages, but the local press had published an advertisement from the Pickets of the Workers.\n\n(Continued on Page 3)\n\n## Construction of Highways.\n\nAs previously reported, the Government, at the request of the strikers, has approved the plans for highways. The Bureau of Highway Construction proposes to construct firstly the highway to Whampoa by the strikers; at the same time a highway between Poon and Font Road will be built by disbanded soldiers. Preparations are being made for the organization.\n\nReceived Telegrams have been from Yunnan saying that Tang Chi-yao has decided to flee from Yunnan. General Fan Shek-sang's troops from Poshik city are marching on Yunnan and will soon capture the capital of that province. At the time, General Ching Chin went to the northern districts to inspect the troops there preparatory to dispatching them for service.\n\nGeneral Chiu Hi-chen's Kwangsi troops are bearing in on Tang Chi-yao from the north. Tang Chi-yao's troops driven out of Kwangsi cannot fight any more for they all know that the end of Tang Chi-yao's rule is come. Volunteers in Ta Li-fu have been planning to overthrow Tang and welcome General Fan Shek-sang. In all probability, there will be little fighting in Yunnan and will be ended upon the entry of General Fan's forces.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-489 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 501963,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 209,
        "title": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "JROK\n\n1925\n\n28 CIRCULATION :—\n\nMr. 341. Clin\n\nMr. Asst. U.S. of B.\n\nCoffin 19\n\n• Bottomley noted Precedent Boft \"Land\"\n\n25. Grünbleits Perm\n\nS. of S.\n\nPark U.S. of N.\n\nSecretary of State.\n\nPrevious Paper Lea\n\nHONG KONG\n\nDATE 2nd November\n\nPeak District.\n\nIs. copy ofa h. for Goor of TREC\n\n203\n\n49450 RC 3 NO: 25\n\nIndian\n\nenclosing a copy of a question and Answer in the Inside Legislative Assembly relating and as to what reply sha, be\n\nSubsequent Paper\n\nMINUTES\n\nI understand that the 1903-6 papers are not available owing to misfion Grinding\n\nThe present law is Order 5/1968.\n\nThe Chinese Chamber of Commerce (ar lime affamilly some protest at the time under Eurasian influence. The plantl JMLA sgruppathetic. Reservation firm Chinese Chaine has excited suice 40s.\n\nA flaw in the Order wh. had been found out, and it did not Asiaties, esp. Japanese.\n\nIt was thought at the time posters when the Kidz was passed ed hat then might be auth the Jefs, but there has been wome.\n\nDark Wo, 11010/26 Gp. 140 12000 8-25 W & B Ltd.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 501966,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 212,
        "title": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "Further communication on this subject should be addressed to\n\nUnder Secretary of State for India,\n\nEconomic & Overseas Department,\n\nIndia Office,\n\nLondon, S.W. 1,\n\nAllowing reference quoted :—\n\nE.O. 6496/25.\n\nE.O. 8020. I.O. Ext. No.\n\nMemorandum, London,\n\nNATIONAL\n\nINDIA OFFICE,\n\nWHITEHALL,\n\nLONDON, S.W. 1.\n\n7th November, 1925.\n\n5858\n\n206\n\n06\n\nSir,\n\n49450\n\nRE\n\n3 NOV 25\n\nI am directed by the Secretary of State for India to transmit copy of a letter from the Government of India enclosing copy of a question and answer in the Indian Legislative Assembly relating to the Peak District in the Island of Hong Kong.\n\nThe Earl of Birkenhead would be grateful if he could be advised as to the reply that should be returned to the Government of India's enquiries.\n\nI have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient Servant,\n\nJ. Walton\n\nfor Secretary, Economic & Overseas Department.\n\nThe Under Secretary of State,\n\nColonial Office.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 501967,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 213,
        "title": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "No. 291-E. Om.\n\nGovernment of India,\n\nDepartment of Education, Health and Lands.\n\nSimla, the 8th October 1925.\n\nFrom\n\nG.S. Bajpai, Esq., C.B.E., C.I.E.,\n\nOffg: Deputy Secretary to the Government of India,\n\nTo\n\nHis Majesty's Under Secretary of State for India,\n\nEconomic and Overseas Department,\n\nIndia Office, London.\n\nQuestion and answer in the Legislative Assembly regarding the reservation of the Peak District in the Island of Hong Kong for Europeans.\n\nSir,\n\nI am directed to forward a copy of a question asked by Mr. S.C. Bose in the Legislative Assembly on the 1st September 1925 and of the reply given thereto. It would appear from the information contained at page 707 of Whittaker's Almanac, 1925, that the area in question is reserved for Europeans but the Government of India would be grateful if it could be ascertained from the Colonial Office whether this is correct. If so, they would also like to be informed of the circumstances in which the area came to be reserved and whether the local Chinese or any other non-European community has asked for a modification of the arrangement.\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nSir,\n\nYour most obedient servant,\n\nSd/ G.S. Bajpai\n\nOffg: Deputy Secretary.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 501968,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 214,
        "title": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "208\n\nGestion asked in the Legislative Assembly on the last September 1926, by Mr. S. C. Ghose.\n\n------\n\n6.\n\n(1) Will the Government state if it is aware of the fact that in the Island of Hong Kong the Peak District is reserved for Europeans?\n\n(2) If the answer is in the negative, will the Government look up this year's Whittaker's Almanac at page 707?\n\n(3) (a) If it is a fact that the Peak District is reserved for Europeans, are the Government prepared to demand an explanation from the Government of Hong Kong why Indians are excluded from residing in the Peak District?\n\n(4) Is the Government aware that the Chinese of Hong Kong have demanded the right of the Chinese to residence upon the Peak?\n\nReply to above questions by Mr. J.V. Bhore, C.I.E., C.B.E..\n\nGovernment have no official information but are making inquiries.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 504703,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 572,
        "title": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "(E.) The question of conciliation. See enclosure 7 in Governor's Confidential despatch of the 2nd October, for the demands of Canton.\n\nThe only body in Canton with which my Government can negotiate is the Government of Canton. Apart from Canton workmen (with whom the Colonial Government has no concern) the Strike Committee consists of former Hong Kong workmen (whose return we do not desire, since the Colony is better off without them). The advisers of the Committee are Red Russians. The Colonial Government cannot possibly conduct negotiations with such a body. If such negotiations were begun our prestige would suffer to such an extent that the future good Government of the Colony would be imperilled. Furthermore, a very detrimental effect would be produced on British interests in Shanghai if the Kuang Tung anti-British boycott were to end in the humiliation of the Colony or in any way (e.g., by the payment of blackmail in the guise of strike pay, by the reinstatement of strikers, or the payment of compensation for loss) which would enable the Government of Canton, the Strike Committee or the Red Russians to proclaim the settlement as a success. Moreover, such an ending would constitute a direct incitement to the renewal of anti-British agitation at Shanghai and in other places.\n\nCanton grievances. In a communiqué to the Press (copy sent home with my secret despatch of the 28th of January) the (7) Commissary of Foreign Affairs has recently declared that the strike was begun by workers in the Colony, primarily as a protest against the British Government for the shooting which occurred on the 23rd of June at Canton, and not for economic reasons.\n\nNeither the strike nor the boycott which has followed it have been caused by any actions or neglect by the Colonial Government or the inhabitants of the Colony. Hong Kong is in advance of China in legislation for the benefit of labourers. Economically, workmen in the Colony are better off than in China. It is decidedly my intention to exert my personal influence to induce the Government of Canton to turn for help to Britain rather than to Russia. In this connection I would refer you to my despatch of the 24th of December (Secret), paragraph 3, my despatch of the 8th of January (Secret), paragraph 2, and my despatch of the 20th of January (Secret), paragraph 10. We are, however, decidedly against an annual payment to Canton from Boxer funds. In the allocation of Boxer funds, in our opinion, no regard should be had to the Canton situation, and Kuang Tung should not receive any payment while the boycott lasts. Delegation should not, in our opinion, proceed to Canton, so long as relations between the Government of that place and Great Britain continue to be abnormal. We fear that there is no real desire for conciliation on the part of the Government of Canton, which is only inclined to put an end to the boycott on terms which would be humiliating to the Colony and Great Britain.\n\nA settlement would probably be welcomed by the bulk of the population of Canton, but they are terrorised by the Strike Committee and are incapable of giving expression to their wishes. In Central and Northern China anti-British feeling has subsided, but as the result of Bolshevik influence over the Government of Canton, there has been no improvement in this respect in Kuang Tung. The suppression by the local Chinese Authorities of the extremist elements in Central and Northern China, has rendered possible there the realisation of the policy of conciliation.\n\nThe Government in Kuang Tung, on the other hand, actually consists of the extremists.\n\nOn the 4th of February I stated in the Legislative Council that the Government of Canton is expected and required by my Government to stop the illegal activities of the Strike Committee; that we consider that the responsibility rests on that Government, and that we are still willing to negotiate an honourable and permanent settlement with the Government of Canton. So far the Canton Government has declined to enter into negotiations. If they maintain this attitude in spite of my last offer, and should no success attend the action under the Washington Treaty which I have suggested, we shall have to consider whether the risk involved in separate warlike action in Kuang Tung should not be taken. In the event of war becoming unavoidable I invite reference to my despatch of the 19th of January (Secret). We hope that in any statement which may be made in Parliament the suggestion in the last sentence of the telegram of the 1st of February from His Majesty's Minister at Peking will be emphasised. The patience of His Majesty's Government may at length be exhausted.\n\nIII.\n\nParaphrase Telegram from the Secretary of State for the Colonies to the Governor of Hong Kong.\n\n(Sent 4.5 P.M., March 4, 1926.)\n\nYOUR telegrams of the 26th January and the 6th February have been carefully considered by His Majesty's Government, who have reached the following conclusions:\n\n(1) Question of actual hostilities with Canton has not yet arisen. It is highly problematical whether on balance British interests would profit from hostilities, and in the circumstances and in view of attitude of other Powers it is clearly desirable that the question should not arise.\n\n(2) Pressure on Moscow. I am sending you a despatch dealing generally with the policy of His Majesty's Government towards the Bolsheviks (see your secret telegram of the 13th January). Here I need only say that the general policy is to leave them alone and let them discredit themselves. Our view is that use of force would tend to prolong their influence and would merely aggravate position, and that the right course is to content ourselves with showing them up in their true colours whenever possible.\n\n(3) League of Nations. It could hardly be expected that League would unanimously condemn the Canton Government without giving the latter a chance to be heard, and they would no doubt jump at the chance of entering into a public discussion about their grievances before representatives of all the nations of the world. Moreover, such discussion could hardly be confined to Canton question; the introduction of extraneous Chinese matters would be almost a certainty, and the situation would not be likely to be eased by the resulting publicity. It would in any case seem a hazardous course to bring so involved a question before an Assembly which is unfamiliar with the special conditions obtaining in China and the Far East, and it might well be that both His Majesty's Government and the Hong Kong Government would be highly embarrassed by the consequences. It must not be forgotten also that any such action would be tantamount to according the Canton Government some measure of international recognition, a proceeding which strikes us as undesirable at present. For these and other reasons His Majesty's Government consider that an appeal to the League would be inexpedient.\n\n(4) Conciliation. So far as our information serves us, it would not appear that further efforts in this direction are likely to serve any useful purpose in existing circumstances.\n\n(5) Assistance to anti-Communist leader. His Majesty's Government can see no element either in Kuang Tung or elsewhere the support of which would hold out any prospect of success. Moreover, the considered opinion of His Majesty's Government's advisers in China is to maintain policy of neutrality, and to reverse our policy in the face of this advice might entail gravest consequences.\n\n(6) It would appear, therefore, that there is only one active policy remaining which merits further examination, namely, the question of organising an international counter-boycott against Canton. It is very doubtful, however, how far the various Powers, even if genuinely desirous of restraining their nationals, possess legal rights to do so, and apart from further reasons referred to below, it is clear that the proposal is open to serious difficulties, both practical and theoretical.\n\nHis Majesty's Government fear, therefore, that they are forced to the conclusion that there is no alternative at present to a policy of peace and moderation. His Majesty's Government fully realise the grave difficulty and loss to which Hong Kong has been exposed, and will continue to investigate every possible line of action. I take this opportunity of assuring you that the tact and discretion which you have displayed are highly appreciated by His Majesty's Government and of conveying to you an expression of our satisfaction at the manner in which you, and, on your departure, Fletcher have coped with a situation that is baffling in the extreme. Should any further courses of action suggest themselves to you I look to you to bring them to my notice.\n\nThe suggestion made in your telegram of the 26th February has been receiving consideration, but owing to divided attitude of Powers and to delicacy of Customs situation generally, I fear that there is little likelihood of its adoption.—AMERY.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 508147,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-501-3 Chinese situation- Protection of British subjects of Chinese race 23-10-1926 - 21-12-1927",
        "page_number": 115,
        "title": "CO129-501-3 Chinese situation- Protection of British subjects of Chinese race 23-10-1926 - 21-12-1927",
        "content_text": "## Page 115\n\n\n## Page 116\n\n2 \n\nstatistics which were laid before the Extra-territoriality Commission, together with a supplementary volume of Chinese legislation. I am forwarding to the Foreign Office such English and French texts as are included in the above, and I enclose herein a tabular statement prepared by Mr. Garstin.* based on the Ministry of Justice's list and on the volumes referred to, in which the laws, regulations, &c., are grouped with appropriate references under four heads :-- \n\n(1.) Laws, &c., which appear suitable for consideration in connection with the third of the proposals communicated by this Legation to the Wai-chiao Pu on the 28th January last. \n\n(2.) Judicial precedents. \n\n(3.) Draft laws. \n\n(4.) Legislation which does not seem suitable for application in British courts in China. \n\n6. The Ministry of Justice's list is confined to laws, &c., which can properly be classed as civil, commercial or criminal. It does not include legislation relating to the administration of the Government, organisation of the judiciary and similar administrative matters, as such legislation could not be applied in British courts. On the other hand, the Ministry have included legislation, such as the Civil Procedure Regulations, which does not come within the scope of the British proposals. \n\n7. It will be seen that in many cases, mostly legislation of a less important character, no translation is available. In answer to an enquiry on the subject, the Chinese commissioners informed Mr. Garstin that they would be glad, as occasion arose, to give such assistance as might be possible, but that the work of translating all the laws and regulations was too big an undertaking for the Chinese authorities. They suggested that even without official translations the application of the laws in British courts might be possible. Translation could be supplied from unofficial sources, and in any specific case, if the meaning of a provision in one of the laws was doubtful, expert evidence could be called to explain it. This suggestion seems hardly feasible, and it is to be hoped that when the draft Civil and Commercial Codes now in course of preparation are promulgated by the Chinese Government they will publish translations in English or French, as they have already done in two cases, the \"Draft Civil Code, General Principles,\" and the \"Draft Law of Negotiable Instruments.\" \n\n8. Mr. Garstin will in all probability leave Peking for home some time in May, and the legal advisers of the Foreign Office will no doubt desire that he should be available for consultation, unless it is proposed to suspend all action until the position in China becomes clearer, at any rate as regards the application of one code of laws throughout China. \n\nI have, &c. \n\nSir. \n\n## Enclosure in No. 1\n\nMr. Garstin to Sir M. Lampson. \n\nMILES LAMPSON. \n\nApril 13, 1927. \n\nI HAVE the honour to submit herewith a report on the conversations which I held on the 22nd, 27th and 30th ultimo and 4th and 9th instant with the Chinese commissioners appointed by the Chinese Government to examine with myself such of the proposals communicated on the 28th January last by His Majesty's Legation to the Wai-chiao Pu as relate to the application of Chinese law in British courts in China. \n\n2. The first proposal presented little difficulty. I informed the Chinese representatives that I thought that the modern Chinese law courts referred to were those listed on pp. 118-121 of the Report of the Commission of Extra-territoriality in China (\"China No. 3, 1926\"), and that the provisional court at Shanghai would not be included. \n\n2A. It seems that the recommendation of the commission (report, p. 95) that foreign lawyers should be permitted to represent clients, both foreign and Chinese, in all mixed cases will not be adopted or even considered by the Chinese Government in favour of the nationals of any Power until that Power has renounced the practice of extra-territoriality in China. The \"Provisional Regulations relating to the Practice of Lawyers who are Citizens of Countries having no Extra-territorial Jurisdiction in China,\" were promulgated in 1920. Such lawyers, if they have obtained lawyers' certificates from the Ministry of Justice in China, may, on being registered with a high court and enrolled as members of a Chinese Bar Association, practise before the Chinese courts, but only in litigation concerning their own nationals, and in otherwise acting on behalf of such nationals. \n\n3. With regard to the second proposal, relating to the Chinese Law of Nationality, the Chinese representatives submitted a formula for overcoming the difficulties arising from the dual nationality of persons of Chinese origin born within the British dominions. This is based partly on the Sino-Dutch arrangement of 1911, and partly on a suggestion that was mooted during the drafting of the Extra-territoriality Commission's Report. Its aim is to secure for such persons, when they visit their country of origin for a short time, immunity from the jurisdiction of Chinese courts, but to make it obligatory on them, if they wish such immunity to continue for longer than six months, to obtain from the Chinese Ministry of the Interior a certificate of denationalisation, in accordance with the Revised Chinese Law of Nationality. The provisions of that law on this subject are contained in Chapter III, articles 12 to 16. Permission to denationalise himself will not be granted by the Ministry of the Interior to an applicant unless- \n\n| Condition | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1.) | He is over 20 years of age. |\n| (2.) | He has legal capacity, as defined by Chinese law. |\n| (3) | Having attained military age he is exempt from military service and has not yet served in the army. |\n| (4.) | He is not in the active service of the army. |\n| (5.) | He is not a civil or military officer, or a member of a legislative assembly, or a functionary of a local administration. |\n\nThere are other cases in which a certificate will be refused, such as those where the applicant is a suspect or a criminal, a defendant in a civil case, an undischarged bankrupt or a defaulter in the payment of taxes; but generally, I was given to understand, it is unlikely that difficulties will be raised in the case of a bona fide applicant. \n\n4. The third proposal raised at once the question whether there is any legislation at present in China which can fairly be said to come within its terms. It is a question to which the Chinese representatives could give no satisfactory answer. In view of the findings of the Extra-territoriality Commission on this subject (paragraph 223 of their report) and of the fact that political conditions in China have not improved since that report was written, it may be suspected that the true answer is not encouraging. Nevertheless, as we want to have on record duly certified copies and translations of the laws which the Chinese Government claim come within the terms of the proposal, I asked whether these could be filed. The Chinese delegates promised that a list of the laws in force in China would be furnished to His Majesty's Legation by the Ministry of Justice, and that copies of bound volumes containing the Chinese texts and copies of such translations as had been made and printed, as submitted to the Extra-territoriality Commission, would be forthcoming; but they seemed unwilling to commit themselves to any undertaking to supply duly authenticated translations. \n\n5. The meaning of certain phrases used in the third proposal was examined by the Chinese delegates. Thus, it was urged that 'modern Chinese Civil and Commercial Codes\" should be deemed to include \n\n| Inclusion | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1.) | The interpretations placed by the Chinese Supreme Court on the laws; |\n| (2.) | The general legal principles applied by the court; |\n| (3.) | Well-established customs and usages. |\n\nThe modern Chinese courts have been in the habit of seeking in the draft codes prepared by the Chinese Government the general principles which they are authorised to apply. The practice has now received the sanction of the Government. A presidential mandate issued on the 18th November, 1926, authorises the courts to consult for their guidance and to apply as occasion demands the following draft codes :-- \n\n| Draft Code | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1.) | Civil Code, general principles; |\n| (2.) | The law relating to obligations; |\n| (3.) | Commercial Law; |\n| (4.) | The Law of Negotiable Instruments; |\n| (5.) | Maritime Law; |\n| (6.) | The Bankruptcy Law. |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-501-3 Chinese situation- Protection of British subjects of Chinese race 23-10-1926 - 21-12-1927.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 510149,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-503-5 Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank Ordinance- 1927 3-12-1926 - 31-12-1927",
        "page_number": 28,
        "title": "CO129-503-5 Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank Ordinance- 1927 3-12-1926 - 31-12-1927",
        "content_text": "## (7) To issue on commission, underwrite or otherwise subscribe conditionally or unconditionally for, take, acquire, hold, sell, exchange, and otherwise deal in shares, stocks, funds, debentures, debenture stock, bonds, mortgages, obligations, options, option certificates, Treasury Bills, or securities of any government, state, principality, authority, or body, whether supreme, provincial, municipal, local or otherwise, or of any corporation, company, association, syndicate, firm, or person; and to give any guarantee for the payment of money or the performance of any obligation or undertaking in relation to mortgages, contracts, and agreements of every nature, loans, investments, and securities or otherwise, or for any other purpose, and whether made or effected or acquired through the Bank's agency or otherwise.\n\n## (8) To form, promote, finance, subsidise and assist railways, tramways, or other commercial undertakings, of whatsoever nature, whether on sea or on land, and also corporations, companies, associations, syndicates, firms, or persons, of all kinds or descriptions; and to negotiate loans of every description with any government, state, principality, authority, or body, whether supreme, provincial, municipal, local or otherwise and with any corporation, company, association, syndicate, firm or person.\n\n## (9) To act as trustee for the holders of or otherwise in relation to any shares, stocks, funds, debentures, debenture stock, bonds, mortgages, obligations, options, option certificates, Treasury Bills, or securities issued or to be issued by any government, state, provincial, municipal or other authority, corporation, company, association, syndicate, firm or person and generally to undertake and execute any trusts, whether public or private, and to undertake and execute either alone or jointly with others, and either in its own name or through or by means of an Officer or a party appointed by the Bank, the office of Receiver or Manager for debenture holders or other mortgagees, Custodian, Trustee, Executor, Administrator, Receiver, Manager, Committee, Liquidator, Treasurer, Comptroller, Registrar, Accountant or Auditor, or any other office of trust or confidence, and to perform and discharge the duties incident to any such office, and to transact all kinds of business arising in connection therewith; and to keep for any corporation, company, association, syndicate, firm or person and for any government, state, principality, authority or body, whether supreme, provincial, municipal, local or otherwise, any register relating to any real or personal property, or to any stocks, funds, shares or securities, and to undertake any duties in relation thereto, or to the registration of transfers, assignments, mortgages, charges, deeds, documents or things, or the issue of certificates, or otherwise.\n\n## (10) To make deposits, enter into recognizances and bonds and otherwise give security for the due execution and performance, whether by the Bank or by any Officer of the Bank or by any other party, of the duties of Custodian, Trustee, Executor, Administrator, Receiver, Manager, Committee, Liquidator, Treasurer, Comptroller, Registrar, Accountant, or Auditor, or any other office of trust or confidence, or any other duties, or any contracts, agreements or obligations, and generally to carry on guarantee and fidelity business of all kinds, and to effect counter-guarantees.\n\n## (11) To purchase or otherwise acquire and to invest money in or to advance and lend money on the security of land or any interest therein, buildings, crops, godowns, goods, wares, merchandise and produce, shares, securities and any other kind of real and personal property whatsoever and wheresoever.\n\n## (12) To develop and turn to account any land, buildings, or other immovable property or rights therein acquired by the Bank or in which it is interested, and in particular by laying out and preparing the same for building purposes, constructing, altering, pulling down, maintaining, fitting up and improving buildings or property, and by planting, paving, draining, farming, cultivating, letting on lease, or agreement for lease, or letting on building lease or building agreement, and by advancing money to and entering into contracts and arrangements of all kinds with lessees, tenants, builders, purchasers, contractors and others.\n\n## (13) Generally to purchase, take on lease, or in exchange, hire, or otherwise acquire, and improve, manage, work, develop and exercise all rights in respect of, lease, mortgage, sell, dispose of, turn to account, or otherwise deal with all or any of the assets or rights of the Bank, or any real or personal property of any kind wherever situate, and any concessions, franchises, charters, patents, monopolies, privileges, or rights, whatsoever and wheresoever, which the Bank may think necessary or convenient for the purposes of its business or with reference to any of these objects, or the acquisition of which may seem calculated to facilitate the realization of any securities held by the Bank, or to prevent or diminish any apprehended loss or liability.\n\n## (14) To enter into any arrangements with any government, state, principality, authority, or body, whether supreme, provincial, municipal, local or otherwise, or any other banks that may seem conducive to the Bank's objects or any of them, and to obtain from any such government, state, principality, authority or body, or bank and thereafter to carry out, exercise, develop, and otherwise deal with, and turn to account any concessions, franchises, charters, patents, monopolies, privileges, or rights, whatsoever and wheresoever.\n\n## (15) To receive on deposit, gratuitously or otherwise, for safe custody, transit or otherwise, money, securities for money, documents of or relating to title to property of all kinds, bullion, jewellery, pictures, plate and other articles of value, goods, chattels, kind, moveable effects, and personal property of every kind.\n\n## (16) To issue warrants, documents of title and other mercantile instruments or indicia of title or possession, against deposits of all kinds made with the Bank.\n\n## (17) To procure the Bank to be registered or recognised in the United Kingdom or in any colony or dependency thereof, or in any British Dominion or in any foreign country or state, or colony or dependency thereof, or in any protected or mandated territory, whether under British or foreign control.\n\n## (18) To obtain any charter or letters patent or any Act, Ordinance or decree of the Imperial Parliament, or of any Dominion or Colonial Parliament or Legislature, or of any Foreign Government or Authority (whether supreme or provincial) or of any Sovereign, legislative assembly or council, or of any Court of Justice, or any provisional or other order of the Board of Trade, or of any provincial, municipal or local authority or other proper authority of whatever nature for enabling the \n\nPage 31",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-503-5 Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank Ordinance- 1927 3-12-1926 - 31-12-1927.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 512801,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928",
        "page_number": 146,
        "title": "CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928",
        "content_text": "Domingo has a new birth under a fresh mortgage of her public revenues to American bankers, subject to foreclosure by intervention of the United States marines at any time when the public revenues fall short of bond and interest requirements.\n\nWe entered Haiti with our marines in 1915, during a revolution, under Wilson's first administration. The excuse under which we acted was that of restoring order in the country. By 1916 we had advanced so far with this program that the legislative body of the Haitian Government was dissolved, and deputies and senators were forcibly expelled by American marines, after which the legislative palace was padlocked. Shortly afterwards an election was held under American auspices, and a Senate and Chamber of Deputies more to our liking were elected. The first duty of this new Congress was to adopt a new constitution. The American legation made specific recommendations as to clauses in this new constitution, and these were duly handed to the members of the new Congress by the new Haitian Government.\n\nThese \"suggestions,\" however, were not universally adopted by the new Congress; and again, in June of 1917, gendarmes under the command of a United States officer of marines invaded the legislative palace. The files were looted, and all records pertaining to the work already done by the Congress were taken away. Deputies and Senators were expelled, the legislative palace was once more padlocked, and a military guard was sent to prevent the reassembling of the legislators.\n\nThen, in 1918, a constitution for Haiti was drafted in Washington and forwarded to Haiti to be submitted to a vote of the people. A farcical plebiscite was held, with United States marine officers in command of gendarmes running the polling; blue ballots were for and red ballots were against, and the Haitian people, now thoroughly intimidated, were told to cast blue ballots. The American-written constitution was adopted by a vote of 99,000 to some scattering few hundreds in opposition.\n\nThis constitution, now in force, provides for the election of the President and of the members of Congress by the people. It states that the election shall be called by the President on an even-numbered year, but does not specify what year. The constitution also provides that until an election is called the legislative authority shall be vested in a council of state composed of 21 members, all of whom are appointed by the President. This council of state is given authority to choose a President in case no popular election is held. Up to date no even-numbered year has been found in which to hold an election, although nearly ten years have elapsed since the constitution went into force. All efforts on the part of patriotic Haitians to obtain a popular election have failed. The same President, Borno, is elected by the council of state year after year, he having himself appointed the council of state which elects him.\n\nThis Haitian incident gives an excellent cross-section of what our Latin American policy has actually become. Under President Wilson, who said we must prove ourselves their friends and champions upon terms of equality and honour, we entered Haiti by force, twice dissolved her legislative assembly at the point of the gun, wrote a constitution and forced it upon the Haitian people, and set up on Haitian soil a government contrary to all the principles of political freedom. This policy was in turn denounced by President Harding, but was carried on by him without change. It was being actively carried on by the State Department at the moment that Secretary of State Hughes was saying: \"I utterly disclaim, as unwarranted, the observations which occasionally have been made implying a claim on our part to superintend the affairs of our sister republics, to assert an overlordship, to consider the spread of our authority beyond our own domains as the aim of our policy, and to make our power the test of right in this hemisphere.\"\n\nFINANCIAL DICTATORSHIP.\n\nSouth American republics have not escaped the net of American financial dictatorship. In Bolivia, on 31st May, 1923, an issue of $33,000,000 of 25-year 8 per cent. bonds was contracted to New York bankers, secured by a mortgage on all public revenues as well as by stock of the Bolivia National Bank, with this unique redemption feature: \"This bond is redeemable on or after 1st May, 1937, and not before, at the rate of 105 per cent. of its par value and accrued interest.\" Bolivia's public revenues were, under the contract, placed in the control of a commission of three men, two of whom, including the Chairman, were American bankers. A telegram from the United States Secretary of State certified to the execution of the instrument. (Exhibits 4, 5, 6, Foreign Loans Sub-committee, 1925-26.)\n\nThe case of the Salvador 1923 loan is only another illustration. The details are reported by the New York Commercial and Financial Chronicle (13th and 16th October, 1923), Diario Official of El Salvador (20th February, 1923), and in the Senate committee hearings on foreign loans (exhibits 1, 2, 3, Foreign Loans Sub-committee, 1925-26.) In that year Salvador contracted for new bond issues aggregating $18,500,000 at 8 per cent, and 7 per cent, respectively for American loans, and 6 per cent. for a smaller British sterling loan. Secretary Hughes, on 16th October, 1923, issued the following statement defining the official relations of the State Department to the loan contract in question:\n\n\"The Department of State has no relation to the matter except with respect to facilitating the arbitration and determination of disputes that may arise between the parties and the appointment of a collector of customs in case of default. The Secretary of State has consented to use his good offices in referring such disputes to the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Also, at the request of the Government of Salvador and the interested bankers, the Secretary of State has consented to assist in the selection of the collector of customs. The contract also provides that the collector of customs, if appointed, will communicate to the Department of State for its records such regulations relating to the customs administration as may be prescribed, and also a monthly and annual report.\"\n\nThis means in plain terms that the Secretary of State, 60 days after his Minneapolis speech denying any \"claim on our part to superintend the affairs of our sister Republics,\" himself takes over the superintendence of the customs' revenues of the Republic of Salvador. Six millions of the above-mentioned bonds were sold to the President of the United Fruit Co. at 88 per cent. of par value, according to the contract approved by the State Department. Commenting on the whole transaction, the Diario Official of El Salvador states that President Molina at first withheld his approval \"because of the clauses...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 513436,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-508-13 Employment of British and Indian troops stationed at Hong Kong 31-12-1927 - 20-8-1928",
        "page_number": 20,
        "title": "CO129-508-13 Employment of British and Indian troops stationed at Hong Kong 31-12-1927 - 20-8-1928",
        "content_text": "Distribution of Army A.D.Regr.No. 3948-D.\n\n20\n\nNo.24902/1 (G.S., S.D.1)\n\nSECRET.\n\nGovernment of India\n\nARMY DEPARTMENT.\n\ni8.71 an30040\n\nNew Delhi, the 5th April 1928.\n\nTo the Secretary, Military Department,\n\nIndia Office, London.\n\nSir,\n\nLONG KUNG.\n\nI am directed to acknowledge the receipt of your letter No.\n\nM.8134/1927, dated the 20th December 1927, forwarding a\n\nmemorandum, with enclosure, received from the Colonial Office,\n\non the subject of the future garrison of Hong Kong.\n\n2. The Government of India note that there is a possibility\n\nof the Indian Infantry battalion being withdrawn from Hong\n\nKong, but they feel bound to comment on the statement\n\n(contained in paragraph 6 (a) of the enclosure referred to)\n\nthat \"the Government of India is reluctant to allow Indian\n\ntroops to be employed in China\". The correct position is\n\nthat in March 1921 the Government of India accepted a\n\nResolution, among certain others that were moved in the\n\nLegislative Assembly on the subject of the recommendations\n\nmade by the Esher Committee, to the effect that \"the Army in\n\nIndia should not, as a rule, be employed for service outside\n\nthe external frontiers of India, except for purely\n\ndefensive purposes, or with the previous consent of the\n\nGovernor-General in Council in very grave emergencies,\n\nprovided that this Resolution does not preclude the\n\nemployment on garrison duties overseas of Indian troops at the expense of His Majesty's Government and with the consent\n\nof the Government of India\". It is true that objections\n\nwere raised in the Legislature when the Indian contingent of\n\nthe Shanghai defence force was sent to China in 1927, but so\n\nfar as the Government of India are concerned, they are\n\nwilling to retain the Indian Infantry battalion at Hong\n\nKong and also the Hong Kong Tule Corps so long as they are\n\nrequired by His Majesty's Government.\n\nam etc.\n\nG.R. Tottenham\n\n(s)\n\nDepy. Secy. to the Govt. of India\n\nPage 20\nPage 21",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-508-13 Employment of British and Indian troops stationed at Hong Kong 31-12-1927 - 20-8-1928.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 518699,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-515-8 Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation- amendment ordinances- and reports 26-1-1929 - 8-7-1929",
        "page_number": 18,
        "title": "CO129-515-8 Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation- amendment ordinances- and reports 26-1-1929 - 8-7-1929",
        "content_text": "(12) Generally to purchase, take on lease, or in exchange, hire, or otherwise acquire, and improve, manage, work, develop and exercise all rights in respect of, lease, mortgage, sell, dispose of, turn to account, or otherwise deal with all or any of the assets or rights of the Bank, or any real or personal property of any kind wherever situate, and any concessions, franchises, charters, patents, monopolies, privileges, or rights, whatsoever and wheresoever, which the Bank may think necessary or convenient for the purposes of its business or with reference to any of these objects, or the acquisition of which may seem calculated to facilitate the realization of any securities held by the Bank, or to prevent or diminish any apprehended loss or liability.\n\n(13) To enter into any arrangements with any government, state, principality, authority, or body, whether supreme, provincial, municipal, local or otherwise, or any other banks that may seem conducive to the Bank's objects or any of them, and to obtain from any such government, state, principality, authority or body, or bank and thereafter to carry out, exercise, develop, and otherwise deal with, and turn to account any concessions, franchises, charters, patents, monopolies, privileges, or rights, whatsoever and wheresoever.\n\n(14) To receive on deposit, gratuitously or otherwise, for safe custody, transit or otherwise, money, securities for money, documents of or relating to title to property of all kinds, bullion, jewellery, pictures, plate and other articles of value, goods, chattels, moveable effects, and personal property of every kind.\n\n(15) To issue warrants, documents of title and other mercantile instruments or indicia of title or possession, against deposits of all kinds made with the Bank.\n\n(16) To procure the Bank to be registered or recognised in the United Kingdom or in any colony or dependency thereof, or in any British Dominion or in any foreign country or state, or colony or dependency thereof, or in any protected or mandated territory, whether under British or foreign control.\n\n(17) To obtain any charter or letters patent or any Act, Ordinance or decree of the Imperial Parliament, or of any Dominion or Colonial Parliament or Legislature, or of any Foreign Government or Authority (whether supreme or provincial) or of any Sovereign, legislative assembly or council, or of any Court of Justice, or any provisional or other order of the Board of Trade, or of any provincial, municipal or local authority or other proper authority of whatever nature for enabling the Bank to carry any of its objects into effect, or for dissolving the Bank and re-incorporating its members as a new company or corporation for any of the objects specified in these presents, or for effecting any modification in the Bank's constitution.\n\n(18) To borrow or raise money in such manner as the Bank shall think fit and on security or otherwise and in particular by the issue of debentures or debenture Stock, bonds or other obligations (whether perpetual or otherwise) and whether charged or not upon all or any of the Bank's property (both present and future) including its uncalled capital, and to create, execute and issue mortgages, debentures and charges, and to issue circular notes, bills, drafts and other instruments and securities, whether payable to bearer or otherwise, and to make the same or any of them assignable free from equities.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-515-8 Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation- amendment ordinances- and reports 26-1-1929 - 8-7-1929.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 518751,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-515-8 Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation- amendment ordinances- and reports 26-1-1929 - 8-7-1929",
        "page_number": 70,
        "title": "CO129-515-8 Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation- amendment ordinances- and reports 26-1-1929 - 8-7-1929",
        "content_text": "(12) Generally to purchase, take on lease, or in exchange, hire, or otherwise acquire, and improve, manage, work, develop and exercise all rights in respect of, lease, mortgage, sell, dispose of, turn to account, or otherwise deal with all or any of the assets or rights of the Bank, or any real or personal property of any kind wherever situate, and any concessions, franchises, charters, patents, monopolies, privileges, or rights, whatsoever and wheresoever, which the Bank may think necessary or convenient for the purposes of its business or with reference to any of these objects, or the acquisition of which may seem calculated to facilitate the realization of any securities held by the Bank, or to prevent or diminish any apprehended loss or liability.\n\n(13) To enter into any arrangements with any government, state, principality, authority, or body, whether supreme, provincial, municipal, local or otherwise, or any other banks that may seem conducive to the Bank's objects or any of them, and to obtain from any such government, state, principality, authority or body, or bank and thereafter to carry out, exercise, develop, and otherwise deal with, and turn to account any concessions, franchises, charters, patents, monopolies, privileges, or rights, whatsoever and wheresoever.\n\n(14) To receive on deposit, gratuitously or otherwise, for safe custody, transit or otherwise, money, securities for money, documents of or relating to title to property of all kinds, bullion, jewellery, pictures, plate and other articles of value, goods, chattels, moveable effects, and personal property of every kind.\n\n(15) To issue warrants, documents of title and other mercantile instruments or indicia of title or possession, against deposits of all kinds made with the Bank.\n\n(16) To procure the Bank to be registered or recognised in the United Kingdom or in any colony or dependency thereof, or in any British Dominion or in any foreign country or state, or colony or dependency thereof, or in any protected or mandated territory, whether under British or foreign control.\n\n(17) To obtain any charter or letters patent or any Act, Ordinance or decree of the Imperial Parliament, or of any Dominion or Colonial Parliament or Legislature, or of any Foreign Government or Authority (whether supreme or provincial) or of any Sovereign, legislative assembly or council, or of any Court of Justice, or any provisional or other order of the Board of Trade, or of any provincial, municipal or local authority or other proper authority of whatever nature for enabling the Bank to carry any of its objects into effect, or for dissolving the Bank and re-incorporating its members as a new company or corporation for any of the objects specified in these presents, or for effecting any modification in the Bank's constitution.\n\n(18) To borrow or raise money in such manner as the Bank shall think fit and on security or otherwise and in particular by the issue of debentures or debenture Stock, bonds or other obligations (whether perpetual or otherwise) and whether charged or not upon all or any of the Bank's property (both present and future) including its uncalled capital, and to create, execute and issue mortgages, debentures and charges, and to issue circular notes, bills, drafts and other instruments and securities, whether payable to bearer or otherwise, and to make the same or any of them assignable free from equities.\n\nPage 70\nPage 71",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-515-8 Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation- amendment ordinances- and reports 26-1-1929 - 8-7-1929.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 520225,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-519-1 Estimates for 1930 5-9-1929 - 14-11-1929",
        "page_number": 69,
        "title": "CO129-519-1 Estimates for 1930 5-9-1929 - 14-11-1929",
        "content_text": "## HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\ncollection of china representing a life work, but we have nowhere to house these generous gifts. Surely the time has come when a suitable City Hall Theatre and Assembly Rooms must be provided?\n\nI notice that we contribute the sum of $1,200 per annum to the City Hall (item 211 on page 101), a very small contribution.\n\nYear after year, the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce refer in their annual report to the need of a Vehicular Ferry between the Island and Kowloon. The Public Press constantly refer to it. Are we any nearer the acquisition of such a means of communication which appears to be only too obvious and which must have a most beneficial effect on the whole Peninsula? What is our position? It appears to me to be a disgrace to the community that it is impossible to get motor vehicles from the Island to the mainland or vice versa between the hours of 7 p.m. and 9 a.m. and then only by very antiquated means and laborious methods—a mere sop to the public.\n\nSessional papers have been issued but we seem no nearer a solution. Is it that Government's terms are too exacting or is it that no cut and dried policy has yet been formulated? Is it a Government obligation like a road or is it a matter for private enterprise?\n\nHow many more years shall we be talking of the motor road to Canton? Rumour has it that the contract for the construction of the motor road in Chinese Territory to our boundary has already been given out and I have myself seen the pegging out, close to our own boundary. We are, however, almost entirely in the dark as to the position.\n\nHong Kong is a great international port and as such there is a constant stream of individuals looking for employment. Some are attracted by the prospects of possible work, some because they are unable to get work elsewhere. There is also another class, who cease to become employable. The able-bodied are found employment by the General Charities Organisation, the Hong Kong Benevolent Association and other charities but it is of the last class I now speak. It is impossible to find work for them. They wander between the Sailors' Home and the Hong Kong Benevolent Association and often through no fault of their own become a charge on the Colony. They are of various nationalities and, as far as possible, they should be repatriated, but there is still a residue for whom a refuge should be provided. We have no old age pensions or insurance. They are nevertheless an obligation of the Colony.\n\nThe Colony is slowly but surely becoming, for various reasons, a manufacturing centre. The probabilities are that it will substantially increase in the not distant future. This carries with it in these days certain Government obligations to see that the factories are conducted according to modern hygienic methods and operated on proper lines. The Report of the Inspector of Factories (Annex B) to the Report of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs for last year is...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-519-1 Estimates for 1930 5-9-1929 - 14-11-1929.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 520657,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-519-2 Estimates for 1930 19-9-1929 - 19-9-1929",
        "page_number": 185,
        "title": "CO129-519-2 Estimates for 1930 19-9-1929 - 19-9-1929",
        "content_text": "## HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.\n\n...Koo Sugar Factory, Aviation and Broadcasting; they have already been dealt with by the honourable the senior member, but I have in addition a number of my favourite schemes, and I will now deal with what I regard as some of our most pressing needs in \"this, the most progressive and up-to-date Colony of the British Empire.\"\n\n### Our City Hall\n\nAre we proud of our City Hall? True it was an appropriate building 40 to 50 years ago and the Colony must still be grateful to a generous Government and public men who provided the site and building. Is it at all in keeping with the present requirements of the Colony? Recently His Royal Highness the Duke of Gloucester visited the Colony and the Theatre being the most central position was chosen for his official reception--unfortunately the space is so limited that many were unable to receive invitations, almost to the extent of causing general dissatisfaction on such an auspicious occasion.\n\nThe floors of the reception halls have to be shored up whenever a public reception or entertainment is given; the public library and museum must be the cause of disappointment to any visitor who happens to be passing through the Colony.\n\nThe late Sir C. P. Chater, for many years a member of this Council, left a very interesting and valuable collection of pictures depicting the Colony's history from the earliest times, and also a collection of china representing a life work, but we have nowhere to house these generous gifts. Surely the time has come when a suitable City Hall, Theatre, and Assembly Rooms, must be provided?\n\nI notice that we contribute the sum of $1,200 per annum to the City Hall (item 211 on page 101), a very small contribution.\n\n### Vehicular Ferry\n\nYear after year, the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce refer in their annual report to the need of a Vehicular Ferry between the Island and Kowloon. The Public Press constantly refer to it. Are we any nearer the acquisition of such a means of communication which appears to be only too obvious and which must have a most beneficial effect on the whole Peninsula? What is our position? It appears to me to be a disgrace to the community that it is impossible to get motor vehicles from the Island to the mainland or vice versa between the hours of 7 p.m. and 9 a.m. and then only by very antiquated means and laborious methods--a mere sop to the public.\n\nSessional papers have been issued but we seem no nearer a solution. Is it that Government's terms are too exacting or is it that no cut and dried policy has yet been formulated? Is it a Government obligation like a road or is it a matter for private enterprise?",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-519-2 Estimates for 1930 19-9-1929 - 19-9-1929.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 524546,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-524-2 Hong Kong University- financial position- Chinese studies- future of the Chinese school and the Annual... 27-1-1930 - 12-8-1930",
        "page_number": 53,
        "title": "CO129-524-2 Hong Kong University- financial position- Chinese studies- future of the Chinese school and the Annual... 27-1-1930 - 12-8-1930",
        "content_text": "53\n\nUniversity, 61 per cent; Aberystwith University College, 70 per cent.\n\nSo far as income from endowments is concerned, the proportion to total income in the case of Bristol University is 7.3 per cent; of Exeter University College, 2.3 per cent; of Leeds University, 5.7 per cent; of Sheffield University, 5.7 per cent; and of Aberystwith University College, 6.7 per cent.\n\nContrasting Figures.\n\nIn striking contrast to these figures the University of Hong Kong at present receives, for the general purposes of the University, $50,000 per annum from the Colonial Government which represents merely 9 per cent of its total income; and an increase in the amount of the grant to $250,000 per annum would only bring the Government contribution to about 33 per cent of the total income of the University. Furthermore, as showing the generous manner in which contributions have been made by members of the public to the Endowment Fund of the University, the income derived from this source amounts to about $300,000 or about 50 per cent of its total income at present and nearly five times the sum which the Chater Committee, 1908, estimated as the probable total annual expenditure of the University.\n\nEven if the Government grant is increased to $250,000 a year as suggested, the University would not be fully supplied, financially. It could not, for the reasons I have mentioned, give, for the present, any but a small increase to existing salaries, and would only be enabled to carry on its present activities without running into debt. Further development will be contingent upon the acquisition of funds from other sources.\n\nPrivate Generosity Neutralised.\n\nAs showing how, under existing conditions, the development of the University may be hampered, and how the generosity of members of the public may be made unavailable, I am able to give a most striking example. A donation of $60,000 was made by Mr. Tang Chi Ngong last year for the provision of a building for the School of Chinese Studies but it has not been utilised as yet owing to the uncertainty as to whether the requisite funds for maintaining the school as a permanent institution will be forthcoming or not. A further sum of $200,000 was collected by the local Chinese community for the endowment of this school, but the interest on this sum only amounts to about $14,000 a year while the ultimate annual cost of the school is estimated to be $60,000. At present the balance is being provided by Government from year to year as a provisional and temporary measure. The Finance Committee of the University hold a very strong opinion that it would not be business-like to proceed with the building scheme on this precarious basis; to say nothing of the injustice that would be done if the school had to be closed before any student had completed the prescribed four years of the Course.\n\nMovement or Stagnation.\n\nSir, I stand here to offer no apology on behalf of the University of Hong Kong. It has advanced beyond the stage of apology and deprecation; it can, and must, stand on its own merits. The Academic successes of its graduates proclaim the worth of its professorial staff. The degrees it confers have recognition throughout the British Empire. But the same economic law dominates the development of a business and a University. An increasing business must increase, correspondingly, its working capital, or its very success may land it in bankruptcy. The same rule holds good in the case of the University. If the additional contribution asked for from the Colonial Government is made, the University can, despite the serious loss due to the fall in exchange, carry on its work within existing limits for a time more or less considerable; but if its activities are to be extended, its sphere of usefulness enlarged, and its duty to the Teaching and Administrative staffs fulfilled, then further financial resources must be provided. Otherwise a condition of stagnation must inevitably be faced; and stagnation, whether in an institution or in an individual, is the precursor of death.\n\nBut I am an incurable optimist, and confident that the fount of private generosity which has proved so bountiful in the past, will continue to flow more and more freely as the work of the University is more clearly realised.\n\nBefore concluding I should like to express our cordial appreciation of the good offices of Mr. Mason and his choir in making it possible to have the University Anthem sung this afternoon. The Anthem as many of you know was originally composed as an inaugural one by Sir Cecil Clementi and was sung at the opening of the University in 1912. His Excellency has now revised certain parts of the Anthem so as to make it suitable for general occasions; and it is singularly appropriate and fortunate that it has been practicable to have the revised Anthem sung for the first time at this Congregation the last at which His Excellency will officiate as Chancellor of the University of Hong Kong.\n\n[ 4 ]\n\nSpeech of H.E. Sir Cecil Clementi, K.C.M.G., LL.D., M.A. Oxon, F.R.G.S.\n\nGovernor of Hong Kong. Chancellor of the University of Hong Kong.\n\nH. E. the Governor then addressed the assembly and said:- Members of the Congregation of the University of Hong Kong:\n\nIt has been a great pleasure to me this afternoon, by virtue of the authority vested in me as Chancellor, to confer upon Sir Henry Gollan, Chief Justice of Hong Kong and acting Vice-Chancellor of this University, the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. In him we honour not only an eminent judge, who commands universal respect in this Colony, but also a firm friend of University of Hong Kong, well-tried at need, and willing to serve the University at considerable sacrifice to himself. When it became necessary for Mr. Hornell, our Vice Chancellor, to proceed on leave of absence to England, partly for a well-deserved rest, and partly to plead our cause with His Majesty's Government for a grant to this University from Boxer Indemnity funds, Sir Henry Gollan, in spite of the heavy duties which his position as Chief Justice entails, was not only willing to take upon himself the work of acting Vice Chancellor, but made it a condition of doing so that no remuneration whatever should be paid to him on this account. He has thus saved the University from incurring considerable expenditure. More than that, Sir Henry Gollan at my request agreed to undertake the difficult and unenviable task of presiding over the committee which has recently reported upon the conditions of salary and service of the academic staff of the University. In this work he had the assistance of two members of the University Court, namely, Mr. Paul Lauder, our Honorary Treasurer, and the Honourable Dr. Ts'o Seen-wan, upon whom the University has already conferred its honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. I take this opportunity of thanking the Committee very sincerely for the admirable manner in which its duties have been discharged.\n\nMy only regret, in this connection, is that Sir Henry Gollan intends shortly to retire on pension and that, therefore, this is the last occasion on which he will be present at a Congregation of this University. I too, am unlikely to be present ever again at Congregation, for I am about to lay down my duties as Chancellor. I shall do so with the deepest regret, for my work here has been a labour of love and I have felt most strongly that nowhere can better or more enduring service be rendered to Hong Kong than in this University. I can but hope that at Singapore, which is not very far away, I may still have some opportunity of helping you.\n\nFinancial Difficulties.\n\n23\n\nIn his address to the Congregation Sir Henry Gollan has just dwelt upon the financial difficulties which beset the University, and I wish now, your Chancellor, to suggest the means whereby these financial difficulties may be overcome. There are in my opinion, apart from the donations by private benefactors, which have been very generously given, two sources, to which the University may properly look for help. The first is the Government of Hong Kong. When the Colony's budget for this year was under discussion in the Legislative Council during last September, the Honourable Mr. W. E. L. Shenton, speaking of the measure of financial assistance given from the public purse to Universities in England, said:-\n\n\"A Royal Commission was appointed presided over by the Right Honourable Mr. Asquith in the year 1919, as a result of which very large Government grants were made, and to-day, roughly, the Government provides, either direct or through local authorities, 50% of the revenue of Oxford University, 45% of the revenue of Cambridge University, 50% of the revenue of Birmingham University, 70% of the revenue of Bristol University, and 60% of the revenue of Leeds University. In fact out of the total income of the Universities of Great Britain about 50% is contributed by either Government or local authorities. The conclusion that follows from\n\n[ 5 ]\n\n54",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-524-2 Hong Kong University- financial position- Chinese studies- future of the Chinese school and the Annual... 27-1-1930 - 12-8-1930.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 524628,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-524-2 Hong Kong University- financial position- Chinese studies- future of the Chinese school and the Annual... 27-1-1930 - 12-8-1930",
        "page_number": 135,
        "title": "CO129-524-2 Hong Kong University- financial position- Chinese studies- future of the Chinese school and the Annual... 27-1-1930 - 12-8-1930",
        "content_text": "140\n\nUniversity, 61 per cent; Aberystwith University College, 70 per cent.\n\nSo far as income from endowments is concerned, the proportion to total income in the case of Bristol University is 7.3 per cent; of Exeter University College, 2.3 per cent; of Leeds University, 5.7 per cent; of Sheffield University, 5.7 per cent; and of Aberystwith University College, 6.7 per cent.\n\nContrasting Figures.\n\nIn striking contrast to these figures the University of Hong Kong at present receives, for the general purposes of the University, $50,000 per annum from the Colonial Government which represents merely 9 per cent of its total income; and an increase in the amount of the grant to $250,000 per annum would only bring the Government contribution to about 33 per cent of the total income of the University. Furthermore, as showing the generous manner in which contributions have been made by members of the public to the Endowment Fund of the University, the income derived from this source amounts to about $300,000 or about 50 per cent of its total income at present and nearly five times the sum which the Chater Committee, 1909, estimated as the probable total annual expenditure of the University.\n\nEven if the Government grant is increased to $250,000 a year as suggested, the University would not be fully supplied, financially. It could not, for the reasons I have mentioned, give, for the present, any but a small increase to existing salaries, and would only be enabled to carry on its present activities without running into debt. Further development will be contingent upon the acquisition of funds from other sources.\n\nPrivate Generosity Neutralised.\n\nAs showing how, under existing conditions, the development of the University may be hampered, and how the generosity of members of the public may be made unavailable, I am able to give a most striking example. A donation of $60,000 was made by Mr. Tang Chi Ngong last year for the provision of a building for the School of Chinese Studies but it has not been utilised as yet owing to the uncertainty as to whether the requisite funds for maintaining the school as a permanent institution will be forthcoming or not. A further sum of $200,000 was collected by the local Chinese community for the endowment of this school, but the interest on this sum only amounts to about $14,000 a year while the ultimate annual cost of the school is estimated to be $60,000. At present the balance is being provided by Government from year to year as a provisional and temporary measure. The Finance Committee of the University hold a very strong opinion that it would not be business-like to proceed with the building scheme on this precarious basis; to say nothing of the injustice that would be done if the school had to be closed before any student had completed the prescribed four years of the Course.\n\nMovement or Stagnation.\n\nSir, I stand here to offer no apology on behalf of the University of Hong Kong. It has advanced beyond the stage of apology and deprecation; it can, and must, stand on its own merits. The Academic successes of its graduates proclaim the worth of its professorial staff. The degrees it confers have recognition throughout the British Empire. But the same economic law dominates the development of a business and a University. An increasing business must increase, correspondingly, its working capital, or its very success may land it in bankruptcy. The same rule holds good in the case of the University. If the additional contribution asked for from the Colonial Government is made, the University can, despite the serious loss due to the fall in exchange, carry on its work within existing limits for a time more or less considerable; but if its activities are to be extended, its sphere of usefulness enlarged, and its duty to the Teaching and Administrative staffs fulfilled, then further financial resources must be provided. Otherwise a condition of stagnation must inevitably be faced; and stagnation, whether in an institution or in an individual, is the precursor of death.\n\nBut I am an incurable optimist, and confident that the fount of private generosity which has proved so bountiful in the past, will continue to flow more and more freely as the work of the University is more clearly realised.\n\nBefore concluding I should like to express our cordial appreciation of the good offices of Mr. Mason and his choir in making it possible to have the University Anthem sung this afternoon. The Anthem, as many of you know, was originally composed as an inaugural one by Sir Cecil Clementi and was sung at the opening of the University in 1912. His Excellency has now revised certain parts of the Anthem so as to make it suitable for general occasions; and it is singularly appropriate and fortunate that it has been practicable to have the revised Anthem sung for the first time at this Congregation, the last at which His Excellency will officiate as Chancellor of the University of Hong Kong.\n\n[4]\n\n141\n\nSpeech of H.E. Sir Cecil Clementi, K.C.M.G., LL.D., M.A. Oxon, F.R.G.S.\n\nGovernor of Hong Kong. Chancellor of the University of Hong Kong.\n\nH. E. the Governor then addressed the assembly and said:- Members of the Congregation of the University of Hong Kong:\n\nIt has been a great pleasure to me this afternoon, by virtue of the authority vested in me as Chancellor, to confer upon Sir Henry Gollan, Chief Justice of Hong Kong and acting Vice-Chancellor of this University, the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. In him we honour not only an eminent judge, who commands universal respect in this Colony, but also a firm friend of University of Hong Kong, well-tried at need, and willing to serve the University at considerable sacrifice to himself. When it became necessary for Mr. Hornell, our Vice Chancellor, to proceed on leave of absence to England, partly for a well-deserved rest, and partly to plead our cause with His Majesty's Government for a grant to this University from Boxer Indemnity funds, Sir Henry Gollan, in spite of the heavy duties which his position as Chief Justice entails, was not only willing to take upon himself the work of acting Vice Chancellor, but made it a condition of doing so that no remuneration whatever should be paid to him on this account. He has thus saved the University from incurring considerable expenditure. More than that, Sir Henry Gollan at my request agreed to undertake the difficult and unenviable task of presiding over the committee which has recently reported upon the conditions of salary and service of the academic staff of the University. In this work he had the assistance of two members of the University Court, namely, Mr. Paul Lauder, our Honorary Treasurer, and the Honourable Dr. Ts'o Seen-wan, upon whom the University has already conferred its honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. I take this opportunity of thanking the Committee very sincerely for the admirable manner in which its duties have been discharged.\n\nMy only regret, in this connection, is that Sir Henry Gollan intends shortly to retire on pension and that, therefore, this is the last occasion on which he will be present at a Congregation of this University. I too, am unlikely to be present ever again at Congregation, for I am about to lay down my duties as Chancellor. I shall do so with the deepest regret, for my work here has been a labour of love and I have felt most strongly that nowhere can better or more enduring service be rendered to Hong Kong than in this University. I can but hope that at Singapore, which is not very far away, I may still have some opportunity of helping you.\n\nFinancial Difficulties.\n\nIn his address to the Congregation Sir Henry Gollan has just dwelt upon the financial difficulties which beset the University, and I wish now, as your Chancellor, to suggest the means whereby these financial difficulties may be overcome. There are, in my opinion, apart from the donations by private benefactors, which have been very generously given, two sources, to which the University may properly look for help. The first is the Government of Hong Kong. When the Colony's budget for this year was under discussion in the Legislative Council during last September, the Honourable Mr. W. E. L. Shenton, speaking of the measure of financial assistance given from the public purse to Universities in England, said:-\n\n\"A Royal Commission was appointed presided over by the Right Honourable Mr. Asquith in the year 1919, as a result of which very large Government grants were made, and to-day, roughly, the Government provides, either direct or through local authorities, 50% of the revenue of Oxford University, 45% of the revenue of Cambridge University, 50% of the revenue of Birmingham University, 70% of the revenue of Bristol University, and 60% of the revenue of Leeds University. In fact out of the total income of the Universities of Great Britain about 50% is contributed by either Government or local authorities.\" The conclusion that follows from\n\n[5]",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-524-2 Hong Kong University- financial position- Chinese studies- future of the Chinese school and the Annual... 27-1-1930 - 12-8-1930.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 528383,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933",
        "page_number": 35,
        "title": "CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933",
        "content_text": "## The Colonial Veterinary Surgeon and the Assistant Colonial Veterinary Surgeon are attached to the department and on the department's pay roll.\n\nNeither the Medical Officers of Health, the Veterinary Surgeons nor the Sanitary Inspectors are servants of the Sanitary Board and there is nothing in the Ordinance other than Section 8(2) which gives the Board power to control their actions.\n\nAttached to the Department are 44 Interpreters who are members of the clerical service and who are not shown on the Department's estimates.\n\n## Nomination and training of Sanitary Personnel.\n\nAll Sanitary Inspectors are Europeans.\n\nNo special qualifying educational test has been laid down as is the case in Malaya, and candidates are not referred to the Medical Officer of Health before being recommended for appointment by the Head of the Sanitary Department.\n\nThe Medical Officers of Health and the Chief Sanitary Inspector hold classes and give lectures but there is yet no regular school for teaching such as exists in Malaya.\n\nHong Kong is an examination centre for the Royal Sanitary Institute and every year examinations are held for the Sanitary Inspector's Certificate, for the Sanitary Science Certificate and for the Meat and Food Certificate.\n\nThe examiners are the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services who is Chairman of the Board of Examiners, the Director of Public Works, the Medical Officer of Health, the Health Officer of the Port and the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon.\n\nCandidates come from as far distant as Shanghai to sit for these examinations.\n\nThe results of the last two years' tests have, so far as Hong Kong is concerned, been decidedly disappointing. The unanimous opinion of the examiners was that the Shanghai candidates showed a far more thorough knowledge of the subjects than did those from Hong Kong.\n\nOne of the chief reasons for the high percentage of failures among the local Inspectors is the absence of a proper school for training.\n\n## Sanitary Department's Standing Orders out-of-date.\n\nIn the book of Standing Orders and Instructions, in the keeping of the H.S.D., are to be found instructions for the M.O.H. The first of these states that \"He shall advise the Sanitary Board and the Government on all matters affecting the health of the Colony and shall report on any question relating to sanitation that may be referred to him by direction of the Board\".\n\nThe second states that \"He shall direct and superintend the work of the Sanitary Inspectors and of the entire Sanitary Staff working under his supervision and shall report to the H.S.D. any delinquencies on their part coming to his observation\".\n\nThese are departmental Standing Orders and Instructions which were issued by the Head of the Sanitary Department in 1911 and which have never been amended. They should, of course, have been brought up-to-date in 1924 and 1928.\n\nGovernment in its letter of 11.9.24 addressed to the Sanitary Board declared the P.C.M.O. (now the D.M.S.S.) the Officer responsible to Government for the Public Health of the Colony.\n\nAt the Legislative Council Meeting of September 1928 Government stated that with the view of bringing the Medical more closely in touch with the Sanitary Department and to give the Sanitary Board the advantage of the experience of the Medical Department \"the Principal Civil Medical Officer becomes Director of Medical and Sanitary Services and will be responsible for the technical side of the work of the Medical Officers of Health and for the advice that they will give to the Sanitary Board\".\n\nIt is quite obvious that by this declaration the D.M.S.S. through his Medical Officer of Health is the adviser to the Sanitary Board on all health matters.\n\nIt is also obvious that the Director being responsible for the technical side of the work of the Medical Officers of Health these Officers should be directly under him for such work, for no man can be made responsible without power of control.\n\nThe only point over which there can be difference of opinion is what exactly is meant by the word technical. The Oxford Dictionary defines \"technical\" to be \"of or in or peculiar to a particular art or science or craft\" and it is presumed that in this case the Government meant sanitary science.\n\nIt was failure to concur regarding the meaning of the word sanitary which prevented the H.S.D. and D.M.S.S. from coming to agreement regarding re-organisation in 1924 and the absence of an accepted definition has confused the issue ever since.\n\nFrom the context of the Government's letter of 11.9.24 it would seem that Government's interpretation of \"technical\" was that part of sanitary science which required for its intelligent execution such a training as is required by the medical curriculum as distinct from that which deals with cleanliness and order and which does not necessitate a medical training for its proper execution.\n\nThe nett result of six years' argument regarding reorganisation of the Sanitary Service is that the practice today remains what it became in 1908 and what it has continued ever since, viz., a cadet I.L.S.D. directing all sanitary services in the Colony other than that which deals with maritime quarantine and port health work.\n\nThe D.M.S.S. does not direct the technical side of the work of the Medical Officers of Health and he has no control over the advice given by the M.O.H. to the Sanitary Board.\n\n## The work performed by the Sanitary Department.\n\nThe work of the Sanitary Department may be considered under thirteen headings as follows:-\n\n| No. | Work Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | Measures for town cleansing, viz., street cleansing, scavenging and disposal of refuse. |\n| 2 | Measures for conservancy and night-soil disposal. |\n| 3 | Domestic sanitation measures - house cleansing and action re the provision of light and air and the prevention of overcrowding. |\n| 4 | The promotion of sanitation in places of assembly, e.g., common lodging houses, boarding houses, hotels, restaurants, eating houses, theatres, etc. |\n| 5 | The promotion of sanitation in factories including breweries, distilleries, workshops, and in connection with offensive trades. |\n| 6 | Measures for ensuring cleanliness in foods, viz., control of food factories (bake-houses, confectioneries, food preserving establishments) and markets. |\n| 7 | Measures for the prevention of importation of diseased animals or articles infected with the germs of animal diseases. |\n| 8 | Measures to prevent the spread of disease from animal to animal. |\n| 9 | Measures to prevent the spread of disease from animals to man. |\n| 10 | Measures for the prevention or mitigation of epidemic endemic, contagious or infectious disease. |\n| 11 | Measures for the disposal of the dead. |\n| 12 | The collection of samples under the Sale of Food and Drugs Act and the prosecution for offences under this Ordinance. |\n| 13 | The Registration of Births and Deaths. |\n\n49",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 534047,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-539-4 Mui Tsai system 28-6-1932 - 28-11-1932",
        "page_number": 65,
        "title": "CO129-539-4 Mui Tsai system 28-6-1932 - 28-11-1932",
        "content_text": "Chapter VII.\n\nTransition from Servile Labour to Free-wage Labour and Independent Production:\n\nA. Survey of the Situation\n\nB. Suggestions.\n\nChapter VIII.\n\nSummary and General Suggestions\n\nAPPENDICES:\n\nA. List of Documents supplied or transmitted by Governments since the Signature of the 1926 Slavery Convention\n\nPage 21\n\nB. List of Documents communicated by Governments to the Secretariat of the League of Nations in reply to the Circular Letter from the Secretary-General, dated October 21st, 1931 (document C.L.272.1931.VI).\n\nPage 26\n\nC. Note, dated August 24th, 1932, from Lord Lugard, containing Recent Information concerning Abyssinia.\n\nPage 79\n\nI. LETTER FROM THE CHAIRMAN OF THE COMMITTEE TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL.\n\n[Translation.]\n\nGeneva, August 30th, 1932.\n\nThe Committee of Experts on Slavery constituted under the Council resolutions of September 29th, 1931, and January 28th, 1932, met at Geneva in two sessions, the first from May 4th to 11th, and the second from August 22nd to 30th, 1932.\n\nThe Committee was composed as follows:\n\nM. ANGOULVANT, Honorary Governor-General of the Colonies, former Governor of French West Africa, former Governor of French Equatorial Africa;\n\nMme. DE CASTRO E ALMEIDA, Government delegate to the International Institute of Intellectual Co-operation (author of works on educational and humanitarian subjects);\n\nM. GOHR, Honorary Secretary-General of the Belgian Ministry of Colonies, ex-President of the Temporary Slavery Commission;\n\nM. J. LÓPEZ OLIVAN, Minister Plenipotentiary at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, former Director-General of Morocco and the Colonies, Madrid;\n\nLord LUGARD, member of the Permanent Mandates Commission, former Governor-General of Nigeria, former Member of the Temporary Slavery Commission;\n\nM. NEYTZELL DE WILDE, Ex-President of the Legislative Assembly of the Netherlands Indies, at present head of the Department for League of Nations Affairs and for Juridical Questions at the Ministry of Colonies, The Hague;\n\nM. ZEDDA, former Secretary-General attached to the Government of Eritrea (after serving the whole of his career in the Italian colonies);\n\nReplaced at the second session of the Committee by:\n\nM. Ercole VELLANI, Head of the Research and Propaganda Department at the Ministry of Colonies, Rome,\n\nObserver:\n\nMr. PHELAN, Chief of the Diplomatic Division at the International Labour Office.\n\nThe Committee appointed as its officers Lord Lugard and the undersigned. On the proposal of Lord Lugard, seconded by M. Angoulvant, I was elected Chairman. Lord Lugard accepted the Vice-Chairmanship of the Committee.\n\nIn deference to the wishes of my colleagues, I also agreed to prepare the draft report to the Council.\n\nIn fulfilment of the first task enjoined upon me by the members of the Committee, I beg to convey to the Council their sincere thanks for the confidence which the Council has placed in them and the honour which it has done them in calling upon them to serve on the Committee of Experts and which they highly appreciate.\n\nBy the Assembly resolution of September 25th, 1931, the Committee of Experts was instructed \"to examine the material upon slavery which has been supplied or transmitted by Governments since the signature of the Convention of 1926. This Committee will submit to the Council suggestions with a view to recommending to the next Assembly the measures of assistance which the League of Nations could render to those countries which have agreed to abolish slavery and which request such assistance.”\n\nIn a resolution of September 29th, 1931, the Council defined the task of the Committee of Experts as follows:\n\n(1) \"The Committee should examine the documents submitted to it and report to what extent in the light of these documents the Slavery Convention of 1926 has been successful in putting an end to slavery and what obstacles, if any, exist to further progress in this direction.\n\n(2) The Committee should further consider and report by what methods assistance can be rendered to those States which have expressed a desire to receive it for the purpose of suppressing slavery within their territory.\n\n(3) Finally the Committee should state whether any modification of the existing machinery of the League would be desirable with this object.\"\n\nThe Committee was instructed not to consider the question of compulsory or forced labour.\n\nS.d.N. 1.405 (F.) 1.175 (A.) 9/92, Imp. Kundig.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-539-4 Mui Tsai system 28-6-1932 - 28-11-1932.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 536606,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-542-4 Summary Offences Amendment Ordinance- 1933 24-3-1933 - 20-12-1933",
        "page_number": 6,
        "title": "CO129-542-4 Summary Offences Amendment Ordinance- 1933 24-3-1933 - 20-12-1933",
        "content_text": "# HONG KONG.\n\n**No. 26 OF 1933.**\n\nI assent.\n\n**W. PEEL, L.S.**\n\nGovernor.\n\n15th December, 1933.\n\n## An Ordinance to amend further the Summary Offences Ordinance, 1932.\n\n[15th December, 1933.]\n\nBe it enacted by the Governor of Hong Kong with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows:\n\n1. This Ordinance may be cited as the **Summary Offences Amendment (No. 2) Ordinance, 1933**. Short title.\n\n2. Section 3 of the Summary Offences Ordinance, 1932, is amended by the addition of the following sub-section after sub-section (25) thereof :-\n\n(25A) by any mechanical means reproduces or amplifies the human voice, any music or any noise whatsoever in a manner which, in the opinion of the magistrate having cognizance of the case, was intended to attract the attention of the passers-by in any public place, and was calculated to cause them to assemble in or to obstruct the same.\n\nPassed the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, this 14th day of December, 1933.\n\nReference: Ordinance No. 40 of 1932, s. 3.\n\n**H. R. BUTTERS, Deputy Clerk of Councils.**",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-542-4 Summary Offences Amendment Ordinance- 1933 24-3-1933 - 20-12-1933.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 543358,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934",
        "page_number": 130,
        "title": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934",
        "content_text": "## Workshop\n\n6. 'Workshop' means any premises or place other than a factory wherein or within the close or curtilage or precincts of which any manual labour is exercised by way of trade or for the purpose of gain in or incidental to making any article or part of an article, or altering or repairing, ornamenting or finishing or adapting for sale any article provided that at least twenty persons are employed in manual labour in the said premises or in the close, curtilage or precincts thereof.\n\n## Matters with regard to which the Council has power to make by-laws\n\n### POWER TO MAKE BY-LAWS\n\n4.(1) The Urban Council shall have power to make by-laws with regard to the following matters:\n\n| Item | Matter |\n| --- | --- |\n| (i) | the periodical entry and inspection of all buildings and curtilages—<br>(a) for the purpose of ascertaining the sanitary condition, cleanliness and good order thereof or any part thereof and of any storeys, cocklofts or partitions therein, or the condition of any drains, latrines, cubicles and kitchens, therein or in connection therewith;<br>(b) for the purpose of ascertaining whether the same are in an overcrowded condition; |\n| (ii) | the prevention and abatement of nuisances. |\n| (iii) | the promotion of domestic cleanliness. |\n| (iv) | the cleansing, limewashing, and proper sanitary maintenance of all premises; |\n| (v) | the promotion of lighting and ventilation in public or private buildings; |\n| (vi) | the provision and maintenance of proper latrine accommodation in private and public buildings. |\n| (vii) | the limitation of accommodation in premises and the prevention of overcrowding. |\n| (viii) | fixing from time to time the number of persons who may occupy a domestic building or any part thereof, and marking on the exterior or interior of such buildings the number of persons permitted to occupy the same or any part thereof; |\n| (ix) | prescribing the conditions under which alone it shall be lawful to live in, occupy or use, or to let or sub-let, or to suffer or permit to be used for habitation or for occupation as a shop, any cellar, vault, underground room, or basement, or any room any side of which abuts on or against the earth or soil; |\n| (x) | the closing of premises unfit for human habitation and the prohibition of their use as such; |\n| (xi) | the control of wells and pools. |\n| (xii) | the prevention of the propagation of mosquitoes. |\n| (xiii) | the provision and proper construction of dust boxes in public or private premises; |\n| (xiv) | the cleansing and removal of refuse and all objectionable matter at stated times from domestic buildings; |\n| (xv) | scavenging and the removal and disposal of refuse. |\n| (xvi) | the removal and disposal of nightsoil. |\n| (xvii) | the erection of public latrines and applications for permission to erect such latrines; and the sanitary maintenance of public latrines, urinals, dust-bins, and manure depots. |\n| (xviii) | the licensing, regulation and sanitary maintenance of common lodging houses and emigration houses or depots and the sanitary maintenance of eating houses, restaurants, factories, workshops, breweries, distilleries, theatres and places of public instruction, recreation or assembly. |\n| (xix) | the control of offensive trades, the prohibition of the continued maintenance of any existing offensive trade without a licence from the Council, the prohibition of the establishment of any offensive trade without a licence from the Council, and the revocation of licences to carry on offensive trades; |\n| (xx) | the regulation of public baths, laundries, and wash-houses; |\n| (xxi) | the construction, licensing, and proper sanitary maintenance of pigsties in private premises; |\n| (xxii) | providing for the regular inspection of all places where animals are kept; |\n| (xxiii) | the cleansing of vessels, and maintenance of cleanliness in the harbours, the waters of the Colony, and on the foreshores thereof; |\n| (xxiv) | the disposal of the dead, the regulation and sanitary maintenance of cemeteries, the fees to be charged in respect of graves and interments, the keeping of such registers as may be necessary, and all other matters connected therewith; also the regulation and sanitary maintenance of mortuaries and the disinfection of dead bodies; and |\n| (xxv) | the prescribing of forms. |\n\n(2) The Council may in any such by-laws impose fines for any breach thereof not exceeding fifty dollars in each case. If no specific penalty is prescribed by the Council for the breach of any by-law, the maximum penalty for such breach shall be a fine not exceeding fifty dollars.\n\n(3) No by-law made by the Council under this Ordinance shall be held to be invalid on the ground that it imposes obligations or confers powers which exceed the obligations imposed or the powers conferred by some section of this Ordinance dealing with the same subject-matter as the by-law in question.\n\n## By-laws subject to approval of Legislative Council\n\n5. All by-laws made by the Urban Council shall be submitted to the Governor, and shall be subject to the approval of the Legislative Council.\n\nPage 130  \nPage 131",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 543562,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934",
        "page_number": 21,
        "title": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934",
        "content_text": "# Workshop\n- 6\n\n'Workshop' means any premises or place other than a factory wherein or within the close or curtilage or precincts of which any manual labour is exercised by way of trade or for the purpose of gain in or incidental to making any article or part of an article, or altering or repairing, ornamenting or finishing or adapting for sale any article provided that at least twenty persons are employed in manual labour in the said premises or in the close, curtilage or precincts thereof.\n\n## Matters with regard to which the Council has power to make by-laws\n\n## POWER TO MAKE BY-LAWS\n\n4-(1) The Urban Council shall have power to make by-laws with regard to the following matters:\n- (i) the periodical entry and inspection of all buildings and curtilages \n  - (a) for the purpose of ascertaining the sanitary condition, cleanliness and good order thereof or any part thereof and of any storeys, cocklofts or partitions therein, or the condition of any drains, latrines, cubicles and kitchens, therein or in connection therewith;\n  - (b) for the purpose of ascertaining whether the same are in an overcrowded condition;\n\n(ii) the prevention and abatement of nuisances.\n\n(iii) the promotion of domestic cleanliness.\n\n(iv) the cleansing, limewashing, and proper sanitary maintenance of all premises;\n\n(v) the promotion of lighting and ventilation in public or private buildings;\n\n(vi) the provision and maintenance of proper latrine accommodation in private and public buildings.\n\n(vii) the limitation of accommodation in premises and the prevention of overcrowding.\n\n(viii) fixing from time to time the number of persons who may occupy a domestic building or any part thereof, and marking on the exterior or interior of such buildings the number of persons permitted to occupy the same or any part thereof;\n\n(ix) prescribing the conditions under which alone it shall be lawful to live in, occupy or use, or to let or sub-let, or to suffer or permit to be used for habitation or for occupation as a shop, any cellar, vault, underground room, or basement, or any room any side of which abuts on or against the earth or soil;\n\n(x) the closing of premises unfit for human habitation and the prohibition of their use as such;\n\n(xi) the control of wells and pools.\n\n(xii) the prevention of the propagation of mosquitoes.\n\n(xiii) the provision and proper construction of dust boxes in public or private premises;\n\n(xiv) the cleansing and removal of refuse and all objectionable matter at stated times from domestic buildings;\n\n(xv) scavenging and the removal and disposal of refuse.\n\n(xvi) the removal and disposal of nightsoil,\n\n(xvii) the erection of public latrines and applications for permission to erect such latrines; and the sanitary maintenance of public latrines, urinals, dust-bins, and manure depots.\n\n(xviii) the licensing, regulation and sanitary maintenance of common lodging houses and emigration houses or depots and the sanitary maintenance of eating houses, restaurants, factories, workshops, breweries, distilleries, theatres and places of public instruction, recreation or assembly.\n\n(xix) the control of offensive trades, the prohibition of the continued maintenance of any existing offensive trade without a licence from the Council, the prohibition of the establishment of any offensive trade without a licence from the Council, and the revocation of licences to carry on offensive trades;\n\n(xx) the regulation of public baths, laundries, and wash-houses;\n\n(xxi) the construction, licensing, and proper sanitary maintenance of pigsties in private premises;\n\n(xxii) providing for the regular inspection of all places where animals are kept;\n\n(xxiii) the cleaning of vessels, and maintenance of cleanliness in the harbours, the waters of the Colony, and on the foreshores thereof;\n\n(xxiv) the disposal of the dead, the regulation and sanitary maintenance of cemeteries, the fees to be charged in respect of graves and interments, the keeping of such registers as may be necessary, and all other matters connected therewith; also the regulation and sanitary maintenance of mortuaries and the disinfection of dead bodies; and\n\n(xxv) the prescribing of forms.\n\n(2) The Council may in any such by-laws impose fines for any breach thereof not exceeding fifty dollars in each case. If no specific penalty is prescribed by the Council for the breach of any by-law, the maximum penalty for such breach shall be a fine not exceeding fifty dollars.\n\n(3) No by-law made by the Council under this Ordinance shall be held to be invalid on the ground that it imposes obligations or confers powers which exceed the obligations imposed or the powers conferred by some section of this Ordinance dealing with the same subject-matter as the by-law in question.\n\n5. All by-laws made by the Urban Council shall be submitted to the Governor, and shall be subject to the approval of the Legislative Council.\n\n## By-laws subject to approval of Legislative Council",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 551984,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-558-6 Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps- application by German residents to enlist 11-10-1935 - 12-6-1936",
        "page_number": 32,
        "title": "CO129-558-6 Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps- application by German residents to enlist 11-10-1935 - 12-6-1936",
        "content_text": "## Additional penalty for failure of member of Air Arm to fulfil obligations as to efficiency\n\n16A. Every member of the Air Arm who in the opinion of the Commandant fails without reasonable excuse to complete the requirements of efficiency in any year shall also pay to the Commandant such sum, not exceeding five hundred dollars, as shall represent, in the opinion of the Commandant, the cost to the Government of his training during that year.\n\n## New section 26A inserted in Ordinance No. 10 of 1933\n\n5. The Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended by the insertion of the following new section after section 26:\n\n### Conditions of medical treatment where wounds, injury or illness are incurred on duty\n\n26A. If any officer of the corps or volunteer receives any wound or other injury whilst on duty, or suffers from illness or disability directly incurred in the execution of duty, he shall be entitled to treatment in a Government Hospital on terms similar to those granted to Government officers.\n\n## Amendment of Ordinance No. 10 of 1933, s. 3, 11, 15 and 16\n\n6. The Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is also amended—\n| Clause | Amendment |\n| --- | --- |\n| (i) | in section 3 (1) by the substitution of the word \"volunteer\" for the words \"member thereof\"; |\n| (ii) | in section 11 (5) by the insertion of the words \"of the corps\" after the word \"officer\"; |\n| (iii) | in the proviso to section 15 (1) (iv) by the substitution of the words \"assembly of the corps\" for the words \"assembly of his corps\"; and |\n| (iv) | in section 16 (5) by the substitution of the word \"volunteer\" for the words \"member of the corps\", \"member of the volunteer corps\" and \"member\" respectively. |\n\n## Amendment of Ordinance No. 10 of 1933, First Schedule, Regulation 9\n\n7. Regulation 9 in the First Schedule to the Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended—\n| Clause | Amendment |\n| --- | --- |\n| (i) | by the substitution of the words \"ten shillings\" for the words \"twenty shillings\" in sub-section (1); and |\n| (ii) | by the substitution of \"five shillings\" for \"ten shillings\" in sub-section (2). |\n\n## Amendment of Ordinance No. 10 of 1933, First Schedule First Appendix\n\n8. The First Appendix to the First Schedule to the Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended—\n| Clause | Amendment |\n| --- | --- |\n| (i) | by the substitution of \"4, 5, 6, 6A, 7 and 8\" for \"4, 5 and 6\" in the first line of paragraph 3. |\n| (i) | by the substitution of \"paragraphs 3 and 4\" for \"paragraph 3\" in the third line of paragraph 5. |\n| (iii) | by the insertion of the following new paragraph after paragraph 6:— |\n### 6A. Training for Air Arm\n(1) Every officer and volunteer of the Air Arm shall undergo the following training annually:-\n- Annual inspection.\n- A minimum of six hours flying per quarter.\n- A course of lectures.\n(2) The Camp for this unit will be optional.\n\n## Amendment of Ordinance No. 10 of 1933, First Schedule Second Appendix\n\n9. The Second Appendix to the First Schedule to the Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended by the addition at the end thereof of the following paragraph :-\n### Articles issued on loan to Officers of the Air Arm\n- 1 Suit overalls\n- 1 Flying helmet\n- 1 Pair goggles\n- 1 Pair earphones\n- 1 Flying training manual\n\n## Amendment of Ordinance No. 10 of 1933, First Schedule Third Appendix\n\n10. The Third Appendix to the First Schedule to the Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended by the addition of the following paragraph at the end thereof:-\n### Articles issued on loan to Members of the Air Arm\n- 1 Suit overalls\n- 1 Flying helmet\n- 1 Pair goggles\n- 1 Pair earphones\n- 1 Flying training manual.\n\n## Amendment of Ordinance No. 10 of 1933, First Schedule Fourth Appendix\n\n11. The Fourth Appendix to the First Schedule to the Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended by the addition of the following paragraph at the end thereof :—\n### 9 Return of flying hours. 1st of each month.\n\nPassed the Legislative Council of Hong Kong this 5th day of December, 1935.\n\n**H. R. BUTTERS**,  \nDeputy Clerk of Councils.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-558-6 Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps- application by German residents to enlist 11-10-1935 - 12-6-1936.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 551988,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-558-6 Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps- application by German residents to enlist 11-10-1935 - 12-6-1936",
        "page_number": 36,
        "title": "CO129-558-6 Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps- application by German residents to enlist 11-10-1935 - 12-6-1936",
        "content_text": "# LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.\n\n## Draft Bill.\n\nNo. S. 311.-The following Bill is published for general information:\n\n### Short title.\n\nAmendment of Corps Units in Ordinance No. 10 of 1933, First Schedule r. 3 (1).\n\n### Amendment of Ordinance No. 10 of 1933, s. 5.\n\n### New section 16A inserted (C.S.O. 499/20).\n\n## A BILL\n\n**INTITULED**\n\n[No. 8-26.9.35.-5.]\n\nAn Ordinance to amend the Volunteer Ordinance, 1933.\n\nBE it enacted by the Governor of Hong Kong, with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows:---\n\n1. This Ordinance may be cited as the Volunteer Amendment Ordinance, 1935.\n\n2. The list of Corps Units in regulation 3 (1) in the First Schedule to the Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended-\nby the substitution of \"(m) Air Arm.\" for \"(m) Flying Section.\"\n\n3. Section 5 of the Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended-\n(i) by the insertion of the words \"of the Air Arm or\" after the word \"member\" in the second line of sub-section (3).\n(ii) by the addition of the following sub-section :-—\n\n(4) Notwithstanding anything hereinbefore contained every member of the Air Arm shall be deemed to have engaged himself to serve in that unit for a period of four years from the date of his admission to that unit, and should he continue therein then for a further period or periods of four years at a time, and if he without the permission of the Commandant ceases so to serve he shall, if called upon so to do, pay to the Commandant such sum, not exceeding five hundred dollars, as shall represent, in the opinion of the Commandant, the cost to the Government of his training during the then current period of four years.\n\n4. The Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended by the insertion of the following new section after section 16:—\n\n### Additional penalty for failure of member of Air Arm to fulfil obligations as to efficiency.\n\n16A. Every member of the Air Arm who in the opinion of the Commandant fails without reasonable excuse to complete the requirements of efficiency in any year shall also pay to the Commandant such sum, not exceeding five hundred dollars, as shall represent, in the opinion of the Commandant, the cost to the Government of his training during that year.\n\n5. The Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended by the insertion of the following new section after section 26:—\n\n### New section 26A inserted in Ordinance No. 10 of 1933.\n\n### Conditions of medical treatment for wounds, illness are incurred on duty.\n\n26A. If any officer of the corps or volunteer receives any wound or other injury whilst on duty, or suffers from illness or disability directly incurred in the execution of duty, where he shall be entitled to treatment in a Government Hospital on terms similar to those granted to Government officers.\n\n6. The Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is also amended (i) in section 3 (1) by the substitution of the word \"volunteer\" for the words \"member thereof'';\n(ii) in section 11 (5) by the insertion of the words \"of the corps\" after the word \"officer\";\n(iii) in the proviso to section 15 (1) (iv) by the substitution of the words \"assembly of the corps\" for the words \"assembly of his corps\"; and\n(iv) in section 16 (5) by the substitution of the word \"volunteer\" for the words \"member of the corps\", \"member of the volunteer corps\" and \"member\" respectively.\n\n### Amendment of Ordinance No. 10 of 1933, ss. 3, 11, 15 and 16.\n\n7. Regulation 9 in the First Schedule to the Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended-\n(i) by the substitution of the words \"ten shillings\" for the words \"twenty shillings\" in sub-section (1); and\n(ii) by the substitution of \"five shillings\" for \"ten shillings\" in sub-section (2).\n\n### Amendment of Ordinance No. 10 of 1933, First Schedule, Regulation 9.\n\n8. The First Appendix to the First Schedule to the Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended-\n(i) by the substitution of \"4, 5, 6, 6A, 7 and 8\" for \"4, 5 and 6\" in the first line of paragraph 3.\n(ii) by the substitution of \"paragraphs 3 and 4\" for \"paragraph 3\" in the third line of paragraph 5.\n(iii) by the insertion of the following new paragraph after paragraph 6 :-\n\n6A. (1) Every officer and volunteer of the Air Arm shall undergo the following training annually:—\n| Training | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) | Annual inspection. |\n| (b) | A minimum of six hours flying per quarter. |\n| (c) | A course of lectures. |\n\n(2) The Camp for this unit will be optional.\n\n9. The Second Appendix to the First Schedule to the Volunteer Ordinance, 1933, is amended by the addition at the end thereof of the following paragraph:-\n\n### Amendment of Ordinance No. 10 of 1933, First Schedule Second Appendix.\n\nOfficers of the Air Arm are issued with the following articles on loan:-\n| Item | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | Suit overalls |\n| 1 | Flying helmet |\n| 1 Pair | goggles |\n| 1 Pair | earphones |\n| 1 | Flying training manual |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-558-6 Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps- application by German residents to enlist 11-10-1935 - 12-6-1936.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 552263,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-559-13 Sir A. Caldecott- visit to Canton 13-9-1936 - 26-11-1936",
        "page_number": 38,
        "title": "CO129-559-13 Sir A. Caldecott- visit to Canton 13-9-1936 - 26-11-1936",
        "content_text": "# LOV\n## 37\n\nThe government made a reality. The only way to save China from poverty is economic reconstruction. As regards economic elements, there is nothing beyond capital and labour. The essential requirement is co-operation between the Government and the people. Co-operation progresses by steps. First, it is necessary to have economic concatenations. By concatenation is meant the concentration of resources and useful men and the linking up of economy connections. The vital point lies with the reputable leaders of the Community and their efforts to start and work, and with the Government in its duty to afford protection. I can say for certain that with mutual assistance and co-operation, there is nothing which cannot be done.\n\nWe know very well that the prosperity of Hongkong and Canton is really interdependent. You, Gentlemen, and Dr. Kotewall are distinguished men of Hongkong. You have taken keen interest and led others in economic enterprises, thereby eliciting the admiration of the community and the respect of the Government. It gives me great pleasure to be with all of you here today. It is my earnest hope that you will, with the same spirit as you have done in the past, take a lead in the economic developments of Kwangtung. It is my hope too that other gentlemen in China will, on hearing of such news, rise and help to carry out the national economic scheme for saving the country from poverty.\n\n## Mayor's Reply\n\nDuring my present visit to Hongkong with Chairman Huang, I have been given the warmest welcome and finest entertainment by Hongkong Government and fellow-countrymen. I and our cannot express how much I am indebted to them. You have again today entertained me at a lunch party and I fully enjoy your princely hospitality. You have also spoken kindly of me. I am so touched that I can find no words to express my thanks. I hope the people of Hongkong and Canton will remain in the friendliest terms and spare no efforts in working for the prosperity of the two cities and reviving the trade of both places, so that commerce and industry may flourish and the people be enriched. When this is achieved, we should have a grand fete to celebrate our success, and I shall take the opportunity to be your host and invite you all to honour me with your presence.\n\nI believe that my hope will be realized in the very near future. I now ask you all to drink together with me and I wish you health.\n\n## The Hosts\n\nThe hosts were: Mr. R. H. Kotewall, Dr. S. W. Tso, Messrs. T. N. Chau, M. K. Lo, Sir Shouson Chow, Sir Robert Ho Tung, Dr. S. N. Chau, Messrs. Shou J. Chen, Ho Kom-tong, Kan Tong-po, Dr. Li Shu-fan, Messrs. Li Sing-kui, Li To-nam, Li Yau-tsun, Lo Wing-kit, W. N. T. Tam, B. Wong Tape, J. M. Wong.\n\n## CHINESE CHAMBER Give Tea Party in Honour Of Canton Officials\n\n### CORDIALITY PREVAILS\n\nIn honour of the visit here of His Excellency the Kwangtung Provincial Chairman, General Huang Mu-sung, and H. H. the Mayor of Canton, Mr. Tseng Yang-fu, the members of the Chinese Chamber of Commerce gave a tea party reception in the Chamber's hall yesterday afternoon. The Canton Governor and Mayor arrived together with His Majesty's Consul-General at Canton, Mr. H. Phillips, and Chinese Unofficial members of the Legislative Council.\n\nAt the entrance of the Chamber, the eminent visitors were welcomed by Mr. Li Sing-kui and other members.\n\nThree bows to the Chinese national flag and the portrait of the late Dr. Sun Yat-sen marked the commencement of the proceedings. The will of the late Dr. Sun Yat-sen was read by the Chamber's Secretary, Mr. H. Y. Tso. All the hosts then bowed ceremoniously to the Canton Governor and Mayor, who bowed in acknowledgment.\n\nThe Chinese national anthem was played by the band of the Chung Sing Benevolent Society.\n\nThroughout the reception, the most cordial and happy spirit prevailed. The Canton Governor and Mayor, who of course made their speeches in Cantonese, stressed the importance of promoting better relations between Hongkong and Canton, which sentiments were loudly applauded.\n\nWhen General Huang remarked that relations between Great Britain and China were improving every day, and the relations between Hongkong and Canton had been brought much closer through the able services of His Majesty's Consul-General, Mr. Phillips, he received applause from the gathering.\n\nAfter the speeches, the Canton Governor stayed for some time exchanging views with the merchants, and conversed freely with Mr. Li Sing-kui, Mr. Wong Tape, and others.\n\nThe visit attracted great Chinese interest as the national flag was flown everywhere in town. A crowd of many hundreds lined the Praya outside the Chamber to see the arrival of the Canton officials.\n\nThose present were: His Excellency General Huang Mu-sung (Chairman of the Kwangtung Provincial Government), H. H. Mr. Tseng Yang-fu (Mayor of Canton), Mr. Herbert Phillips, C.M.G., O.B.E., (British Consul-General, Canton), Colonel Li Fong (Secretary of the Municipal Government of Canton), Mr. Chang Yuen-nan, the Hon. Mr. R. H. Kotewall, Hon. Mr. S. W. Tso, Hon. Mr. T. N. Chau, Mr. Li Sing-kui, Mr. J. M. Wong, Mr. Tai Tak-fu (Chinese Invoice Officer of Hongkong), Mr. Li Yau-tsun, C.B.E., Mr. Ho Kom-tong, Mr. Fung Heung-chuen, Mr. Chan Pak-shuen, Mr. Li Chi-chung, Mr. Chan Kam-po, Dr. Li Shu-fan, Mr. Kong Chi-ying, Mr. Ho Chap-ping, Mr. Chow Din-pong, Mr. Chan Yuk-chim, Mr. Li Lu-chao, Mr. Chin Shu-fan, Mr. Lau Kok-ho, Mr. Chung Ping-fung, Mr. Wan Man-hing, Mr. Yao Pek-lung (Director of the Canton Navigation Bureau), Mr. Tong Ying-hua (Director of the China Merchants Steam Navigation Company), Mr. W. J. Wen, Mr. Lo Ying-yu, Mr. Shen Hsiao-chin, Mr. Lam Fong-pak, Mr. Tsam Shiu-sum, Mr. Tang Chung-put, General Chen Kee-yau, Mr. Choi Cheong, Mr. Chan Chung-pik, Mr. Au Yeung-kee, Mr. Chan Kwong-chung, Mr. Lam Po-tin, Mr. Wong Cheuk-nam, Mr. Tse Tsun-on, Mr. Tai An-kay, Mr. Tang Shiu-kin, Mr. Philip Gockchin, Mr. Jackman To, Mr. Kwok Chan, Mr. Ip Lan-cauen, Mr. W. N. Thomas Tam, Mr. Lo Wing-kit, Mr. Peter Sin, Mr. Ho Leung, Dr. F. I. Tseung, Mr. Ngan Shing-kwan, Mr. Wong Tape, Mr. Yung Chi-ming, Mr. Yung Koon-man, Mr. Kwan Shu-chung, Mr. Li Po-kwai, Mr. Li Jor-shan, Mr. Lau Yak-wan, Mr. Lau King-tsing, Mr. Fung Kee-cheuk, Mr. Lam Chi-fung, Mr. Fung Ping-fan, and many others.\n\n## Trade Relations\n\nSpeaking in Chinese, the Chairman of the Chamber, Mr. Li Sing-kui, said: \"In extending our most sincere welcome to His Excellency General Huang Mu-sung and Mr. H. Phillips and all the distinguished guests here today, we feel that we have been greatly honoured by the presence of such an eminent assembly. We, as the overseas Chinese merchants in Hongkong, have paid the keenest attention to the welfare of China. Therefore, we have been looking forward a long time for an opportunity to meet and hear the views of leaders of the Chinese Government. Such an opportunity is rare.\n\n\"It is a gratifying factor that relations between Canton and Hongkong have been very close. Many of our guests today are leaders in various businesses in Canton. In the past, the Canton merchants have given the Chinese merchants in Hongkong the most helpful co-operation in the international trade promoting. Such mutual co-operation we have always greatly appreciated. It is, indeed, unnecessary to say that all the time the Canton merchants have tried their very best, striving for new developments and wider fields for promotion of foreign trade. Therefore, we hope that the happy function today will leave a good impression on their mind of our desire for friendship.\n\n\"On the other hand, we are equally assured that in his political readjustment programme for Kwangtung, General Huang Mu-sung will pay full attention to the livelihood and welfare of the overseas Chinese, to whom it is hoped that he will continue to render his most valuable advice and help from time to time.\n\n\"In conclusion, on behalf of all members of the Chinese Chamber of Commerce, I reiterate our hearty welcome and wish His Excellency General Huang Mu-sung good health and prosperity.\"\n\nThe Vice-Chairman of the Chamber, Mr. J. M. Wong, also made a brief speech of welcome.\n\n## Address by Canton Governor\n\nSpeaking from his own experience as a traveller who has visited all parts of the world with the exception of South America and Australia, General Huang Mu-sung said that he was delighted to see that wherever he went, there was a Chinese Chamber of Commerce. To enter a Chinese Chamber of Commerce abroad was like returning to one's home in China. For the past few years, he had travelled a good deal and visited many Chinese Chambers of Commerce abroad. He hoped that the Hongkong Chinese Chamber of Commerce and the Canton Chamber of Commerce would co-operate to bring about the much-desired trade prosperity for both cities.\n\nAs an official of the Government, he also believed that there should be permanent co-operation between the Government and the people in all matters. The Canton Government was not only willing to co-operate with its people but would endeavour its very best to afford protection and help to overseas Chinese.\n\nIn his conversations with the Hon. Mr. Kotewall, he had been told that Kwangtung was like the body of a man and Hongkong its throat. The two organs were so closely connected commercially and economically that they could not be separated.\n\n\"Relations between Great Britain and China are improving day by day, while Hongkong and Canton have been brought much closer by His Majesty's Consul-General, Mr. Phillips, and others.\" (Applause)",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-559-13 Sir A. Caldecott- visit to Canton 13-9-1936 - 26-11-1936.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 555675,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-563-3 Changes in public health organisation- 1929-1937- memorandum 26-2-1937 - 26-2-1937",
        "page_number": 5,
        "title": "CO129-563-3 Changes in public health organisation- 1929-1937- memorandum 26-2-1937 - 26-2-1937",
        "content_text": "## 8. The Sanitary Board contained officials and non-officials. The Sanitary Department was composed entirely of Government servants. The former had no authority over the latter. This organisation, which was completely independent of the Medical Department, included within its sphere of action registration of births and deaths under a clerical staff, control of infectious diseases under a medical staff, food control including supervision of slaughter houses and markets under a veterinary staff, and sanitation and disposal of the dead under a staff of sanitary inspectors.\n\n## 9. The Chinese Secretariat dealt with restaurants, boarding and lodging houses, factories and workshops, Chinese hospitals and dispensaries. The Police dealt with hawkers of foodstuffs and food stalls. The Education Department dealt with school hygiene. The Public Works Department dealt with buildings, crown lands, water works, sewerage and drainage. The District Officers dealt with hygiene and sanitation in the New Territories.\n\n## 10. There were voluntary health organisations such as (a) the four Chinese hospitals connected with the Tung Wah Charity, which dealt with general diseases and infectious diseases under both Chinese and Western methods; (b) the eight Chinese Public Dispensaries, each under its own committee; and (c) the St. John Ambulance Association and Brigade.\n\n## 11. The Medical Department's sphere of activities included action with regard to Government Hospitals, sea quarantine, vaccination, bacteriological matters, and matters connected with chemical analysis. Health Officers were seconded to the Sanitary Department to work under the Head of the Sanitary Department; a Medical Officer was seconded to the Chinese Secretariat for work in connection with the Chinese Hospitals and Chinese Dispensaries; and a Medical Officer was seconded to the Education Department for work in connection with school hygiene.\n\n## Reorganisation\n\n## 12. The fundamental faults in the existing system were (a) that responsibility was divided among a number of independent lay authorities, (b) that co-ordination and co-operation were to a great extent lacking, (c) that the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services, though responsible to Government for the health of the Colony, had practically no authority outside Government hospitals and Government laboratories.\n\n## 13. The solution to the problem of reorganisation of the Medical and Sanitary Services appeared to be to place all Government public health activities, other than scavenging, conservancy and public works, under one medical direction, as obtained in municipalities such as Glasgow, Toronto, Shanghai, and Singapore, and appoint as director the officer holding the title of Director of Medical and Sanitary Services. A scheme on these lines was contained in the report I submitted to Government in 1930.\n\n## 14. In 1932, the scheme was referred to the Sanitary Board. The Board expressed approval of the main outlines but recommended that the Sanitary Board be enlarged to function as a Public Health Board.\n\n## 15. In February 1933, the Attorney General and the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services were instructed to draft legislation to replace the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance of 1903, proceeding on the assumption that:\n(a) the Sanitary Board would be replaced by an Urban Council;\n(b) the Chairman of the Council would be a cadet officer and the Vice-Chairman the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services;\n(c) the scope of activities of the Council would be greater than that of the Sanitary Board;\n(d) while the clerical staff of the Sanitary Department would remain under the direct control of the Chairman, the technical staff, sanitary inspectors would be grouped under the Health Officers, who in turn would be under the general direction of the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services.\n\n## 16. At the end of September, the draft legislation was submitted to Government. It included (a) an Urban Council bill, (b) a Public Health (Sanitation) bill, (c) a Public Health (Quarantine and Prevention of Disease) bill, (d) a Public Health (Food) bill, (e) an Adulterated Food and Drugs bill, and (f) a Buildings bill.\n\n## 17. In 1934, a Committee under the chairmanship of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs, Mr. N. L. Smith, was appointed to report on the draft legislation. As a result of the committee's report, certain changes were made in the legislation.\n\n## 18. In 1935, the bills were passed by the Legislative Council and became law. It was decreed that the new laws should come into force on January 1st, 1936, and on that date they came into force.\n\n## 19. Under the new scheme, the Medical Department and the Sanitary Department were brought into close relationship by the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services becoming Vice-Chairman of the Urban Council and having general direction over the activities of the Urban Health Officers and the Veterinary Surgeons, under whom were grouped the Sanitary Inspectors of the Sanitary Department. The Director of Medical and Sanitary Services was declared the official adviser to the Council on all matters pertaining to the public health, including matters both of medical and sanitary interest.\n\n## 20. Under the scheme:\n(a) The Medical Department is responsible for:\n| No. | Responsibility |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | registration of births and deaths |\n| 2 | quarantine and the prevention of infectious diseases |\n| 3 | vaccination |\n| 4 | venereal diseases clinics |\n| 5 | leprosy work |\n| 6 | maternity and child welfare, supervision of midwives |\n| 7 | school clinics in co-operation with the Education Department |\n| 8 | prison medical service in co-operation with Prison Department |\n| 9 | Government hospitals and dispensaries |\n| 10 | inspection of Chinese hospitals and dispensaries |\n| 11 | treatment of Government servants |\n| 12 | the activities of the malaria bureau |\n| 13 | the activities of the Bacteriological Institute |\n| 14 | the conduct of the Government mortuaries |\n| 15 | medico-legal and police medical work |\n| 16 | the examination of candidates for air pilots |\n| 17 | anti-gas and first aid centres in case of emergency |\n| 18 | chemical analyses at the Government Laboratory |\n| 19 | Radiology and Physio Therapy |\n\n(b) The Urban Council and the Sanitary Department are responsible for:\n| No. | Responsibility |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | work under the Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance, which deals with nuisances, house sanitation, street sanitation, public latrines, the collection and disposal of night soil, the collection and disposal of refuse, the control of wells and pools, the sanitary maintenance of eating houses, factories, workshops, and places of public instruction, recreation and assembly, public baths and wash houses, stables and animal houses, mosquito breeding, cemeteries and the disposal of the dead |\n| 2 | work under the Public Health (Food) Ordinance, which deals with slaughter houses, markets, dairies and milk shops, food factories, food shops, eating houses and restaurants |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-563-3 Changes in public health organisation- 1929-1937- memorandum 26-2-1937 - 26-2-1937.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 561482,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-571-15 Sino-Japanese War- manufacture and import of aircraft to China 18-1-1938 - 5-1-1939",
        "page_number": 184,
        "title": "CO129-571-15 Sino-Japanese War- manufacture and import of aircraft to China 18-1-1938 - 5-1-1939",
        "content_text": "## 184\n\n### Enclosure 1.2\n\nfor testing and ultimate despatch of assembled aeroplanes.\n\nI attach a plan shewing the Kai Tak aerodrome, the Royal Air Force buildings, an area marked A within which Mr. Pawley first intended to apply for a site and a plot of land marked B which is that now applied for.\n\n3. The project has been referred to the local Director of Air Services, the British Trade Commissioner and the General Officer Commanding the British Troops in China for their comments. I also took the opportunity of the visit of Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Edward Ellington, G.C.B., C.M.G., C.B.E., to ascertain his views.\n\n4. Commander Hole, the Director of Air Services, considered that in principle the project was worthy of encouragement.\n\nThe British Trade Commissioner raised several points:\n \n| Point | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | In the first place, he observed that as Mr. Pawley represents the Curtis Wright Companies, it is probable that the Company would interest itself in American machines. Against this, Mr. Stanley Dodwell has assured me that the Company would not be tied to any particular company or to American Companies in general but would undertake the assembly of any make of aeroplane. Mr. Dodwell is a member of the Legislative Council and a man of business here of the highest reputation. |\n| (2) | He thought that British relations with Japan and/or China might be injured according to whether the Company sold exclusively to China or impartially to China and Japan. Mr. Dodwell told me that the latter would be the Company's policy, and I took the opportunity to warn him that were the erection of this factory to be authorised, the assembling of military planes would not be permitted while...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-571-15 Sino-Japanese War- manufacture and import of aircraft to China 18-1-1938 - 5-1-1939.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 562585,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-572-5 King George V Memorial- progress report on fund 15-10-1937 - 17-2-1938",
        "page_number": 22,
        "title": "CO129-572-5 King George V Memorial- progress report on fund 15-10-1937 - 17-2-1938",
        "content_text": "# Committee incorporated.\n\n## Power to make rules and regulations.\n\nIt shall be lawful for the survivor or survivors of any of the above persons to appoint some other person in the place and stead of such person or persons so dying, resigning, becoming incapable to act or absent from this Island for more than twelve months.\n\n3. The above Committee shall be styled the **King George V Play Field Memorial Park Committee** and shall be a corporate body and shall have perpetual succession and a Common Seal which the said Committee may change and vary at its pleasure and by that name shall sue and be sued; And in the said Committee shall be vested all the estate property and effects now belonging to or held by the said Committee upon the terms and conditions and subject to the same stipulations, provisions and agreements as the same have been and are now held; and by the name aforesaid shall be capable of holding any estate real and personal or any interest therein.\n\n4. The **King George V Play Field Memorial Park Committee** shall have full power and authority to make, ordain and from time to time to change or repeal or vary as may seem proper rules and regulations for the carrying on of the said Play Field and Park; for and concerning the appointment, nomination, election, suspension, removal and expulsion of officers and servants or members of the said Committee of Management; for the management, collection and disposal of the funds, money or estate belonging to the said King George V Play Field Memorial Park and conducting and regulating the business affairs and concerns of the said Play Field and Park and relative to any other matter or thing whatsoever which may in anywise concern the conducting of the same and the hours and days of opening and closing same and the good and efficient government and management of the said Play Field and Park; and for the preservation of order and the prevention of nuisances therein and the removal of any person infringing any of such Rules; and for regulating the times, places, manner and order of meetings of the Committee and the quorum for the transaction of business; Provided Always that such rules and regulations be not in any way repugnant or contrary to His Majesty's Prerogative Royal or to the laws of Great Britain or this Island and that the same shall not in any manner affect any other person or persons than those who are or may become members of the said Committee or any officer or servant of the said Committee and any such rules when approved by the **Governor-in-Executive Committee** and published in the **Official Gazette** shall have the force and effect of law and any person infringing any of such rules shall be liable on summary conviction to a penalty not exceeding Five pounds.\n\n5. The funds as well as the real and personal estate Property of the said corporation shall be alone subject and liable to any charge and demand against the said corporation and no member of the Committee or any subscriber to the funds shall be liable or charged with the payment of any debt or demand due from the corporation beyond the extent of the aforesaid funds, property and effects of the said corporation.\n\n6. Nothing in this Act declared or expressed shall affect the rights of His Majesty the King his heirs and successors or any person, except such as are mentioned in this Act and those claiming by from or under them.\n\nRead three times and passed the General Assembly the tenth day of November, one thousand nine hundred and thirty six.\n\n**HAROLD AUSTIN**,  \nSpeaker,\n\nRead three times and passed the Legislative Council the seventeenth day of November one thousand nine hundred and thirty six.\n\nI assent,  \n**MARK YOUNG**,  \nGovernor.  \n21st November, 1936.\n\n**J. R. PHILLIPS**,  \nPresident.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-572-5 King George V Memorial- progress report on fund 15-10-1937 - 17-2-1938.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 568632,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-582-22 Visit of Sir Stafford Cripps to China 13-12-1939 - 4-7-1940",
        "page_number": 17,
        "title": "CO129-582-22 Visit of Sir Stafford Cripps to China 13-12-1939 - 4-7-1940",
        "content_text": "21\n\n12\n\nof the Government administrative staff are members and, although they are encouraged to join, no pressure is exerted upon them to do so. The actual Constitution as it now operates is shown in the appendix.(*)\n\n42. The People's Political Council is a merely advisory body, but, in fact, the Government has carried out all its important recommendations. It consists of persons nominated by the National Defence Council and the Generalissimo, and represents all classes and all political points of view, including about a dozen Communists. The discussions are quite free but not public, nor are its recommendations or reports published. I had a description of its working from Chang Po-lin, the much-respected head of Nankai Middle School, who is its vice-chairman under the Generalissimo, who is chairman. I append(*) this description.\n\n43. The Executive Yuan, which acts as a Cabinet, has a general secretariat which is charged with preparing its material, recording its decisions and supervising their execution. This was described to me by the chief assistant secretary, a very intelligent young man, and I append(*) the details.\n\n44. The form of government seems to be applicable to the present circumstances and is being gradually expanded in scope. While I was in Chungking they were just waiting for the approval of the Legislative Yuan to a measure setting up a Ministry of Agriculture out of what had formerly been a part of the Ministry of Economics.\n\n45. The major political questions which are vexing China to-day are two-fold: First, the composition of the Government, in so far as it reflects the struggle between the old and new China, and, secondly, the question as between the Kuomintang and the Communists. These latter are responsible for the Border Government in the north-west, north of Sian, and have in addition to the Government of that area armies of their own, one in that district and another around Nanking. It is the Communist army which is the most difficult factor. The Communists are avowed supporters of the Generalissimo in his struggle against Japan, but are extremely critical of many of the older type of Minister, especially Dr. Kung, the Minister of Finance; they accuse him, and particularly his wife, of profiteering out of the war. It is impossible to ascertain how accurate these accusations are, but they have very general currency in non-Communist and foreign circles. The Communists are anxious for the introduction of democratic Government, and it was following their proposal that the People's Political Council passed the recommendations for the Constituent Assembly, which is being implemented by the Government. Undoubtedly the Kuomintang and the Generalissimo and Madame are afraid of the spread of Communist influence, and, though there is openly no breach at the centre, there is an underlying hostility which has led to the suppression of all Communist activities outside the area of the Border Government and those areas within the Japanese lines where there can be no direct control by the Centre Government. The one common factor uniting all parties and people is the resistance to Japanese aggression, and, so long as this remains the central necessity, an open breach may be avoided if the situation is handled wisely. The Communists profess a desire to work the democratic Constitution once it is introduced, and personally I believe that they will make this attempt, though how long it will last is another matter. The possibility and even likelihood of an open breach after the conclusion of peace is very great indeed.\n\n46. Before leaving Chungking, and in Hong Kong, I was able to talk to a number of people not directly connected with the Kuomintang or the Administration upon this question of the antagonism between the Kuomintang and the Communists, and also to make some suggestions which will be conveyed to the Generalissimo as to its temporary solution. There is no permanent solution for it except the free working of a democratic system, and this obviously cannot operate till after the war, even if it operates at all. The Communists allege that they have a million rifles in China at the present time, and they are undoubtedly not prepared to allow themselves to be extinguished without a struggle. The Kuomintang leaders, on the other hand, are trying, by shootings, murder and other extreme methods of suppression, to liquidate the Communists. A great number of moderate people, among whom I might mention Sun Fo and T. V. Soong, are most anxious for some accommodation. The actual technical points which have been in debate between the Central Government and the Communists relate (1) to the area of the Border Government territory, and (2) to the size of the Communist army. As to the former the Communists want twenty-four Hsien, whereas the Government has offered twelve; as to the latter, the Communists want three armies of three divisions each, and the Government have offered three armies of two divisions.(*) But these are not the real points which divide them. The actual political demands of the Communists at this stage are not what anyone in the West would call Communist. They are: (1) a democratic Government; (2) intensification of the anti-Japanese drive and no peace till Japan is turned out of China; (3) abolition of feudalism (not of landlordism); and (4) purification of the Administration. All these are equally part of the avowed programme of the Kuomintang, but the leaders of that party are by no means supporters of the actual operations of these policies. Many are suspected of being to some extent in favour of making a deal with Japan and against the third and fourth points, while very half-hearted about the first.\n\n47. The most interesting and, in some ways, hopeful development that has taken place is that in the north-east, west of Peiping, where there is a large area covering parts of several provinces which is being administered by a local United Front Government consisting of Communists, Kuomintang members and a majority of non-party persons of the middle class and of Radical or Socialist outlook. In this area a very full measure of democracy has been introduced locally for the election of magistrates, &c. The system is working very well, and the people are showing both intelligence and enthusiasm in its operation. Unfortunately, the economic conditions are so appalling in this area, owing to failure of crops and Japanese action, that it is doubtful whether this Government can survive. The report on this area, which is contained in Appendix 2, is of interest on this point.\n\n48. There is, in addition to the Communist opposition, a very considerable body of discontented elements who do not consider that the Government, as at present constituted, is the best from the point of view of the country. All these elements are professedly loyal to the Generalissimo, but are hostile to many of his lieutenants. The most influential leader of this opinion is T. V. Soong, who is undoubtedly a very able man and who regards himself as the last hope of China. He was offered the post of Finance Minister last November, but refused it, as he told me, because he could not also get the post of head of the Bank of China, and he considered that, if Kung remained in that post, he (Kung) would sabotage the work of the Finance Minister. In Soong's view the Government must be reconstructed, or else there will be a complete breakdown. I think that this view is exaggerated, but nevertheless also think—as I told the Generalissimo—that it is urgent for him to change some of his Ministers, especially the Minister of Finance and the Foreign Minister, who has not a sufficiently forceful personality for the job. The Generalissimo is, I believe, conscious of the necessity, but, in view of the need not to antagonise any elements, he is anxious not to do anything drastic. The defection of Wang Ching-wei and the possibility of others—if turned out of office—joining him or following his path makes the position a difficult one. T. V. Soong's demands are, I think, excessive, and it is a pity that he refused the offer of last November, as he could have done a great deal to clear up matters from inside. It looks at the moment as if he had lost his opportunity and as if it might not recur. The fact that he lives most of the time in Hong Kong militates against his gaining influence in China itself. He is regarded by those who ought to know, such as Rogers, as a far-sighted and capable financier and is, to some extent, in with the Communists. I do not think that anything will diminish the power of the Generalissimo, who is not an autocrat by nature and who is anxious for democratic methods, provided they do not hamper the carrying on of the war. If greater difficulties come, it will be because many of those around him are reactionary and are not generally regarded as being suitable people to bring the new China through the present difficulties in safety. Any influence that can be brought to bear towards a reconstruction of the Government will, I feel, be of real assistance to China.\n\n(*) Since I left Chungking the meeting I urged has been held, and a temporary accommodation arrived at between the Generalissimo and the Communists. I saw the telegrams about this in the State Department at Washington, and no doubt the Foreign Office has full information on the matter.\n\n13\n\n22",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-582-22 Visit of Sir Stafford Cripps to China 13-12-1939 - 4-7-1940.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 568663,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-582-22 Visit of Sir Stafford Cripps to China 13-12-1939 - 4-7-1940",
        "page_number": 48,
        "title": "CO129-582-22 Visit of Sir Stafford Cripps to China 13-12-1939 - 4-7-1940",
        "content_text": "70\n\n12\n\nof the Government administrative staff are members and, although they are encouraged to join, no pressure is exerted upon them to do so. The actual Constitution as it now operates is shown in the appendix.()\n\n42. The People's Political Council is a merely advisory body, but, in fact, the Government has carried out all its important recommendations. It consists of persons nominated by the National Defence Council and the Generalissimo, and represents all classes and all political points of view, including about a dozen Communists. The discussions are quite free but not public, nor are its recommendations or reports published. I had a description of its working from Chang Po-lin, the much respected head of Nankai Middle School, who is its vice-chairman under the Generalissimo, who is chairman. I append() this description.\n\n43. The Executive Yuan, which acts as a Cabinet, has a general secretariat which is charged with preparing its material, recording its decisions and supervising their execution. This was described to me by the chief assistant secretary, a very intelligent young man, and I append() the details.\n\n44. The form of government seems to be applicable to the present circumstances and is being gradually expanded in scope. While I was in Chungking they were just waiting for the approval of the Legislative Yuan to a measure setting up a Ministry of Agriculture out of what had formerly been a part of the Ministry of Economics.\n\n45. The major political questions which are vexing China to-day are two-fold: First, the composition of the Government, in so far as it reflects the struggle between the old and new China, and, secondly, the question as between the Kuomintang and the Communists. These latter are responsible for the Border Government in the north-west, north of Sian, and have in addition to the Government of that area armies of their own, one in that district and another around Nanking. It is the Communist army which is the most difficult factor. The Communists are avowed supporters of the Generalissimo in his struggle against Japan, but are extremely critical of many of the older type of Minister, especially Dr. Kung, the Minister of Finance; they accuse him, and particularly his wife, of profiteering out of the war. It is impossible to ascertain how accurate these accusations are, but they have very general currency in non-Communist and foreign circles. The Communists are anxious for the introduction of democratic Government, and it was following their proposal that the People's Political Council passed the recommendations for the Constituent Assembly, which is being implemented by the Government. Undoubtedly the Kuomintang and the Generalissimo and Madame are afraid of the spread of Communist influence, and, though there is openly no breach at the centre, there is an underlying hostility which has led to the suppression of all Communist activities outside the area of the Border Government and those areas within the Japanese lines where there can be no direct control by the Centre Government. The one common factor uniting all parties and people is the resistance to Japanese aggression, and, so long as this remains the central necessity, an open breach may be avoided if the situation is handled wisely. The Communists profess a desire to work the democratic Constitution once it is introduced, and personally I believe that they will make this attempt, though how long it will last is another matter. The possibility and even likelihood of an open breach after the conclusion of peace is very great indeed.\n\n46. Before leaving Chungking, and in Hong Kong, I was able to talk to a number of people not directly connected with the Kuomintang or the Administration upon this question of the antagonism between the Kuomintang and the Communists, and also to make some suggestions which will be conveyed to the Generalissimo as to its temporary solution. There is no permanent solution for it except the free working of a democratic system, and this obviously cannot operate till after the war, even if it operates at all. The Communists allege that they have \"a million rifles\" in China at the present time, and they are undoubtedly not prepared to allow themselves to be extinguished without a struggle. The Kuomintang leaders, on the other hand, are trying, by shootings, murder and other extreme methods of suppression, to liquidate the Communists. A great number of moderate people, among whom I might mention Sun Fo and T. V. Soong, are most anxious for some accommodation. The actual technical points which have been in debate between the Central Government and the Communists relate (1) to the area of the Border Government territory, and (2) to the size of the Communist army. As to the former the Communists want twenty-four Hsien, whereas the Government has offered twelve; as to the latter, the Communists want three armies of three divisions each, and the Government have offered three armies of two divisions.() But these are not the real points which divide them. The actual political demands of the Communists at this stage are not what anyone in the West would call Communist. They are: (1) a democratic Government; (2) intensification of the anti-Japanese drive and no peace till Japan is turned out of China; (3) abolition of feudalism (not of landlordism); and (4) purification of the Administration. All these are equally part of the avowed programme of the Kuomintang, but the leaders of that party are by no means supporters of the actual operations of these policies. Many are suspected of being to some extent in favour of making a deal with Japan and against the third and fourth points, while very half-hearted about the first.\n\n47. The most interesting and, in some ways, hopeful development that has taken place is that in the north-east, west of Peiping, where there is a large area covering parts of several provinces which is being administered by a local United Front Government consisting of Communists, Kuomintang members and a majority of non-party persons of the middle class and of Radical or Socialist outlook. In this area a very full measure of democracy has been introduced locally for the election of magistrates, &c. The system is working very well, and the people are showing both intelligence and enthusiasm in its operation. Unfortunately, the economic conditions are so appalling in this area, owing to failure of crops and Japanese action, that it is doubtful whether this Government can survive. The report on this area, which is contained in Appendix 2, is of interest on this point.\n\n48. There is, in addition to the Communist opposition, a very considerable body of discontented elements who do not consider that the Government, as at present constituted, is the best from the point of view of the country. All these elements are professedly loyal to the Generalissimo, but are hostile to many of his lieutenants. The most influential leader of this opinion is T. V. Soong, who is undoubtedly a very able man and who regards himself as the last hope of China. He was offered the post of Finance Minister last November, but refused it, as he told me, because he could not also get the post of head of the Bank of China, and he considered that, if Kung remained in that post, he (Kung) would sabotage the work of the Finance Minister. In Soong's view the Government must be reconstructed, or else there will be a complete breakdown. I think that this view is exaggerated, but nevertheless I also think—as I told the Generalissimo—that it is urgent for him to change some of his Ministers, especially the Minister of Finance and the Foreign Minister, who has not a sufficiently forceful personality for the job. The Generalissimo is, I believe, conscious of the necessity, but, in view of the need not to antagonise any elements, he is anxious not to do anything drastic. The defection of Wang Ching-wei and the possibility of others if turned out of office joining him or following his path makes the position a difficult one. T. V. Soong's demands are, I think, excessive, and it is a pity that he refused the offer of last November, as he could have done a great deal to clear up matters from inside. It looks at the moment as if he had lost his opportunity and as if it might not recur. The fact that he lives most of the time in Hong Kong militates against his gaining influence in China itself. He is regarded by those who ought to know, such as Rogers, as a far-sighted and capable financier and is, to some extent, in with the Communists. I do not think that anything will diminish the power of the Generalissimo, who is not an autocrat by nature and who is anxious for democratic methods, provided they do not hamper the carrying on of the war. If greater difficulties come, it will be because many of those around him are reactionary and are not generally regarded as being suitable people to bring the new China through the present difficulties in safety. Any influence that can be brought to bear towards a reconstruction of the Government will, I feel, be of real assistance to China.\n\n(2) Not printed.\n\n+\n\n13\n\n(*) Since I left Chungking the meeting I urged has been held, and a temporary accommodation arrived at between the Generalissimo and the Communists. I saw the telegrams about this in the State Department at Washington, and no doubt the Foreign Office has full information on the matter.\n\n71",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-582-22 Visit of Sir Stafford Cripps to China 13-12-1939 - 4-7-1940.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 568983,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-582-7 Taxation 6-6-1939 - 5-2-1940",
        "page_number": 159,
        "title": "CO129-582-7 Taxation 6-6-1939 - 5-2-1940",
        "content_text": "- 2 -\n\n160\n\nCommittee, in Select Committee, in the Legislative Assembly, and in the Council of State) and then guided them to fulfilment in practice, I am sufficiently aware of both the legislative and the practical aspects of these matters to be able to judge that this time would be sufficient for me to investigate, report, draw up the necessary legislation, formulate in detail a scheme to administer the tax, and make proposals as to the staff required. As I would fly to England on completion of the task to take a little leave, should the time prove either slightly excessive or deficient, the necessary adjustment could be made without difficulty. (Incidentally, the Government of India have made it clear that as a condition of releasing me, they would insist upon the extension of my contract, and this makes possible the taking of some leave without cutting too deeply into my time with them.)\n\nAfter careful consideration, it may seem premature for me to mention terms at this stage, but I prefer at the outset to make these suggestions as comprehensive and as final as possible. On doing a little arithmetic, I find that the extra expense, both direct and indirect, which I would incur by coming to Hong Kong would be such that if I were to be paid by the Hong Kong Government on a time basis, the rate of pay per annum would look rather formidable and might embarrass you. Therefore, I have come to the conclusion that the most satisfactory solution would be for your Government to pay me a lump sum for the whole job, leaving me to pay all my own expenses. All I would want the Hong Kong Government to supply at their own expense would be one good stenographer, a call on the services of somebody sufficiently familiar with the legislation and administration of Hong Kong to be able to keep me supplied with all the necessary local data, and the collaboration of the legal",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-582-7 Taxation 6-6-1939 - 5-2-1940.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 578417,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944",
        "page_number": 126,
        "title": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944",
        "content_text": "125\n\n2. The Police Directive is perhaps as good an example to take as any. Here the first paragraph very briefly gives the pre-war \"set-up\"; and the second specifies the other duties which will, on first re-occupation, come within the scope of the Commissioner of Police. The remainder suggests a few reforms on the old system.\n\n3.\n\nNow if, as you say, these Directives are to look no farther forward than \"the military period under a non-British Commander\" it would hardly be proper (taking the same Police example) to talk of language study, conditions of service, infiltration of non-Europeans etc. The longer view seems to me to accord with Chapter 2 of the printed Military Manual, C.A., which, even though it covers liberated Allied territories rather than re-conquered British possessions, we tend to treat as our Bible.\n\n\"Stability tempered by flexibility While operations are actually in progress emergency measures alone... but a regular organization as soon as possible. Control through existing or re-established civil authorities.\"\n\n5. The emergency measures are specified under fourteen heads, ranging from care and control of refugees to the prevention of looting and the clearance of debris, in paragraph 17 of Chapter 4 of the same. But as soon as that stage is passed there will surely be the need for some sort of legislative assembly (if only to legalise the collection of taxes see Chapter 23 paragraph 9 of the said Manual). And if, under the terms of the Charter, every Police Constable is to derive his authority from the Crown I cannot altogether see the absurdity of expanding this to the Letters Patent and their Councils even with a non-British Commander in charge. But it is all very difficult.\n\n6. Your proposed apportionment of individual Directives accords almost exactly with what I had already in mind. May I leave this over until the major problems raised above are settled?\n\n24th March, 1944",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 578426,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944",
        "page_number": 135,
        "title": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944",
        "content_text": "HONG KONG DIRECTIVE.\n\nFIRST DRAFT.\n\n2\n\n134\n\nQ\n\nGeneral Administration.\n\n1.\n\nThe first step on re-occupation will be the issue of the C. in C. Military Governor's Proclamation which will, inter alia, confirm all existing laws and regulations except as specified then or later.\n\n2.\n\nIt will, however, be the object to re-establish, at as early a date as the military exigencies allow, an Executive Council and a Legislative Council in conformity with the Letters Patent and Royal Instructions, in order that the necessary sanctions may be given to official actions, to the collection of revenue and to the maintenance of law and order.\n\n3. For this reason it will be essential to appoint, either on an acting or on a substantive basis, the four principal officers of state who have ex officio membership of both Councils, viz Colonial Secretary, Attorney General, Secretary for Chinese Affairs and Financial Secretary.\n\n4.\n\nFor the appointments of unofficial members of the two Councils some improvisation will probably be necessary. If suitable persons of Chinese race can be found it is very desirable that these should be included although the customary allowance of one Chinese on the Executive Council and three on the Legislative Council is not statutory.\n\n5.\n\nThe Urban Council is the only other assembly with statutory powers of any substance and steps will be taken to reconstitute it on its old basis, with an unofficial majority, as soon as circumstances permit.\n\n6. Certain Heads of Departments (besides the four officers specified in paragraph 3) have statutory powers under existing Ordinances but it does not follow that these will necessarily have any priority of appointment in the period immediately following re-occupation. It will be the object in due course to re-establish all the Departments of Government which were in existence in 1941, but the following is a list, in rough order of priority, of the officers necessary at an early stage:-\n\nSup...\n\n/1",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 586850,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-604-6 Immigration- control over entry from China 1-1-1947 - 4-1-1950",
        "page_number": 57,
        "title": "CO129-604-6 Immigration- control over entry from China 1-1-1947 - 4-1-1950",
        "content_text": "Cypher/OTP\n\nDEPARTMENTAL DISTRIBUTION\n\nFROM TAMSUI TO FOREIGN OFFICE\n\nHis Majesty's Consul No. 257\n\n24th December, 1949.\n\nRepeated to Nanking,\n\nCONFIDENTIAL\n\nHong Kong.\n\nD. 7.25 a.m. 26th December, 1949. R. 8.34 a.m. 26th December, 1949.\n\nAddressed to Foreign Office telegram No. 257 of December 24th, repeated for information to Nanking and Hong Kong.\n\nMy telegram No. 209. Immigration Officer arrived December 22nd.\n\nHe states that he has been instructed to refer all applications by government officials as their presence is embarrassing on account of possible objections from the large Communist element in the colony and the danger that many may flee to Hong Kong if Formosa falls to the Communists.\n\n3. I have requested that he defer such action until I have referred to you as it would appear contrary to normal diplomatic courtesy and would no doubt give rise to reprisals.\n\n4. Method of introduction of visa system has caused sufficient bad feeling and I am against the introduction now of this restriction on bona fide government officials particularly provincial government unless really essential (party controls Legislative Yuan and assembly members may be a different matter). Restriction of visas to one month's validity or less and the introduction of reference if and when the fall of Formosa appears imminent would suffice in my opinion.\n\n5. In this connexion I should be grateful for confirmation that after recognition all officials of Nationalist as opposed to provincial governments are to be treated as private individuals whose applications may be referred at the discretion of Hong Kong immigration officer here.\n\nForeign Office pass to Hong Kong as my telegram No. 113.\n\n[Copy sent to Telegraph Section Colonial Office for repetition to Hong Kong]\n\nZZZZ",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-604-6 Immigration- control over entry from China 1-1-1947 - 4-1-1950.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 587263,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-605-1 Annual Accounts- 1946-7 9-9-1948 - 14-3-1949",
        "page_number": 70,
        "title": "CO129-605-1 Annual Accounts- 1946-7 9-9-1948 - 14-3-1949",
        "content_text": "ANNEXURE\n\nSheet 3)\n\nMISALLOCATIONS AFFECTING THE MANNER IN WHICH THE ACCOUNTANT GENERAL'S ACCOUNTS ARE CLASSIFIED IN STATEMENTS OF ACCOUNTS ETC.\n\n  \n    ACCOUNTAT GENERAL'S ACCOUNTS\n    \n    STATEMENT OF ACCOUNT ETC.\n    \n    AMOUNT\n    AMOUNT\n  \n  \n    HEAD OR ACCOUNT\n    SUBHEAD OR ACCOUNT\n    HEAD OR ACCOUNT\n    SUBHEAD OR ACCOUNT\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Advances Pending Raising Loan.\n    Schedule of Loan Expenditure approved by the Legislative Council.\n    \n    \n    \n    237,975.92\n  \n  \n    5. Education.\n    10. Science Equipment\n    5. Education.\n    Equipment Grant:-\nA. Grant-in-Aid Schools\n3. Equipment and furniture grants to non-Government Schools\n    6,952.33\n    73,477.00\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    B. Vernacular Schools Urban\n    \n    25,297.50\n  \n  \n    6. Harbour Facilities.\n    Hire of Boats, Lighters, etc.\n    6. Harbour Facilities.\n    2. Launches, Tugs and other craft\n    4,500.00\n    531,377.00\n  \n  \n    \n    Salvage of wreck due to Typhoons and/or Storms\n    \n    1. Assembly and Re-conditioning of New Craft\n    17,200.00\n    231,420.90\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    7. Recovery of small craft from Canton\n    \n    54,403.85\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    10. Major Repairs to Launches and Boats\n    \n    188,652.38\n  \n  \n    \n    Launches and Tugs\n    \n    \n    35,200.00\n    531,377.13\n  \n  \n    7. Medical Services.\n    Kromayar Lamp and Stand\n    7. Medical Services.\n    1. Hospital and Laboratory Equipment\n    8.00\n    1,008.00\n  \n  \n    \n    Repairs to Air Con-ditioning Unit and Refrigerating Unit Kowloon Hospital\n    \n    \n    1,000.00\n    1,008.00\n  \n  \n    8. Miscellaneous.\n    1. Instruments and Machinery\n    8. Miscellaneous.\n    Public Works Department\n    121,465.00\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    16. Replacement of Instruments\n    \n    3,031.89\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    18. Replacement of Workshop Machinery\n    \n    1,425.56\n  \n  \n    9. Miscellaneous Public Works (Drainage, Port Works, Roads)\n    19. Replacement of lost Instruments and Equipment\n    8. Miscellaneous.\n    8. Replacement of Plant and Equipment\n    63,867.69\n    7,003.22\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    18. Replacement of Plant and Equipment\n    \n    27\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    27. Tunnel Plant and Equipment\n    \n    45,175.45\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    962.26\n    121,466.10\n  \n\nPage 70\n\nPage 71\n\nB.-",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-605-1 Annual Accounts- 1946-7 9-9-1948 - 14-3-1949.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 587355,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-605-1 Annual Accounts- 1946-7 9-9-1948 - 14-3-1949",
        "page_number": 162,
        "title": "CO129-605-1 Annual Accounts- 1946-7 9-9-1948 - 14-3-1949",
        "content_text": "ANNEXURE I Sheet 3)\n\nB.- MISALLOCATIONS AFFECTING THE MANNER IN WHICH THE ACCOUNTANT GENERAL'S ACCOUNTS ARE CLASSIFIED IN STATEMENTS OF ACCOUNTS ETC.\n\n  \n    ACCOUNTANT GENERAL'S ACCOUNTS\n    STATEMENT OF ACCOUNT ETC.\n  \n  \n    HEAD OR ACCOUNT\n    SUBHEAD OR ACCOUNT\n    AMOUNT\n    HEAD OR ACCOUNT\n    SUBHEAD OR ACCOUNT\n    AMOUNT\n  \n  \n    175\n    Advances Pending Raising Loan.\n    \n    Schedule of Loan Expenditure approved by the Legislative Council.\n    \n    237,975.92\n  \n  \n    5. Education.\n    10. Science Equipment\n    6,952.33\n    5. Education.\n    A. Grant-in-Aid Schools\n    73,477.00\n  \n  \n    11\n    13. Furniture and Equipment Grant:-\n    \n    \n    3. Equipment and furniture grants to non-Government Schools\n    48,178.80\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    B. Vernacular Schools Urban\n    25,297.50\n  \n  \n    6. Harbour Facilities\n    Hire of Boats,\n    4,500.00\n    6. Harbour Facilities.\n    2. Launches, Tugs Lighters, etc.\n    73,476.30\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    531,377.00\n    \n    and other craft\n    531,377.13\n  \n  \n    \n    Salvage of wreck due to Typhoons and/or Storms\n    17,200.00\n    \n    1. Assembly and Re-conditioning of New craft\n    231,420.90\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    7. Recovery of small craft from Canton\n    54,403.85\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    10. Major Repairs to Launches and Boats\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    Launches and Tugs\n    188,652.38\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    35,200.00\n  \n  \n    7. Medical Services.\n    Kromayar Lamp and Stand\n    8.00\n    7. Medical Services.\n    1. Hospital and Laboratory Equipment\n    1,008.00\n  \n  \n    \n    Repairs to Air Con-ditioning Unit and Refrigerating Unit Kowloon Hospital\n    1,000.00\n    \n    \n    1,008.00\n  \n  \n    8. Miscellaneous.\n    1. Instruments and Machinery\n    121,465.00\n    8. Miscellaneous.\n    Public Works Department\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    16. Replacement of Instruments\n    3,031.89\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    18. Replacement of Workshop Machinery\n    1,425.56\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    19. Replacement of lost Instruments and Equipment\n    63,867.69\n  \n  \n    9. Miscellaneous Public Works (Drainage, Port Works, Roads)\n    \n    \n    \n    8. Replacement of Plant and Equipment\n    7,003.22\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    18. Replacement of Plant and Equipment\n    45,175.48\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    27. Tunnel Plant and Equipment\n    962.26\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    121,466.10\n    \n    \n    121,466.10",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-605-1 Annual Accounts- 1946-7 9-9-1948 - 14-3-1949.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 587850,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-606-2 Treasury control over Hong Kong finances 22-1-1948 - 9-12-1948",
        "page_number": 58,
        "title": "CO129-606-2 Treasury control over Hong Kong finances 22-1-1948 - 9-12-1948",
        "content_text": "5-8 \n\nunderstanding that the approval of the Legislative Council will be obtained \n\nfor all writes-off, with prior reference to the Standing Finance Committee \n\nwhere substantial amounts or questions of principle are involved, and that \n\nsimilarly the Standing Finance Committee will be consulted regarding the \n\nabandonment or omission of claims where substantial amounts or questions of \n\nprinciple arise.\n\n10.\n\nThe formal sanction of the Secretary of State in connection with loan \n\nexpenditure under Colonial Regulations 279 to 283 will no longer be needed, \n\nalthough Governments will of course understand that proposals for the raising \n\nof all loans, including local loans, and the issue of securities will necessarily \n\ncontinue to require my agreement. The consent of the Capital Issues Committee \n\nwill of course continue to be required for the issue of loans on the London \n\nmarket. In view of international obligations I also desire that proposed \n\nchanges in customs rates and regulations, whether or not associated with the \n\nAnnual Estimates, be referred to me.\n\n11.\n\nI intend to address you separately on the control of the Colonial Development- \n\nand Welfare Vote, but Governments will appreciate that expenditure from \n\nHis Majesty's Government's funds will continue to require my prior approval \n\nwhich in the case of the Colonial Development and Welfare Vote will be \n\nconveyed by my approval of the schemes in question, or their subsequent \n\nvariation.\n\n12.\n\nThis despatch is not itself intended for publication, but it will clearly \n\nbe desirable that the Legislative Councils of the Territories, and the East \n\nAfrican Assembly, should be informed at an early date what changes it is \n\nproposed to make with regard to financial procedure, so that they may have an \n\nopportunity of commenting on them. I suggest that it will be sufficient if \n\nthe Legislative Council is informed of the substance of the changes to be made, \n\nand, if you agree, you will no doubt arrange for this to be done in whatever \n\nform is most appropriate.\n\nI shall be glad if you will in due course inform \n\nme of any comments which the Legislative Council make on the changes,\n\n13. I am addressing this despatch to the Governors of all the African Territories, to the British Resident, Zanzibar, and to the Chairman of the East Africa High \n\nCommission",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-606-2 Treasury control over Hong Kong finances 22-1-1948 - 9-12-1948.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 588456,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-607-3 Revenue Reward Fund 11-11-1948 - 12-12-1948",
        "page_number": 50,
        "title": "CO129-607-3 Revenue Reward Fund 11-11-1948 - 12-12-1948",
        "content_text": "ANNEXURE I Sheet 3)\n\nB.- MISALLOCATIONS AFFECTING THE MANNER IN WHICH THE ACCOUNTANT GENERAL'S ACCOUNTS ARE CLASSIFIED IN STATEMENTS OF ACCOUNTS ETC.\n\n  \n    ACCOUNTANT GENERAL'S ACCOUNTS\n    \n    AMOUNT\n    STATEMENT OF ACCOUNT ETC.\n    \n    AMOUNT\n  \n  \n    HEAD OR ACCOUNT\n    SUBHEAD OR ACCOUNT\n    \n    HEAD OR ACCOUNT\n    SUBHEAD OR ACCOUNT\n    \n  \n  \n    Advances Pending Raising Loan.\n    Schedule of Loan Expenditure approved by the Legislative Council.\n    237,975.92\n    5. Education.\n    10. Science Equipment\n    6,952.33\n  \n  \n    5. Education.\n    A. Grant-in-Aid Schools\n    48,178.80\n    5. Education.\n    3. Equipment and furniture grants to non-Government Schools\n    73,477.00\n  \n  \n    \n    B. Vernacular Schools Urban\n    25,297.50\n    \n    \n    73,476.30\n  \n  \n    6. Harbour Facilities\n    Hire of Boats, Launches, Tugs Lighters, etc.\n    4,500.00\n    6. Harbour Facilities.\n    2. Launches, Tugs and other craft\n    531,377.00\n  \n  \n    \n    Salvage of wreck due to Typhoons and/or Storms\n    17,200.00\n    \n    1. Assembly and Re-conditioning of New craft\n    231,420.90\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    7. Recovery of small craft from Canton\n    54,403.85\n  \n  \n    \n    10. Major Repairs to Launches and Boats\n    188,652.38\n    \n    Launches and Tugs\n    35,200.00\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    531,377.13\n  \n  \n    7. Medical Services.\n    Kromayar Lamp and Stand\n    8.00\n    7. Medical Services.\n    1. Hospital and Laboratory Equipment\n    1,008.00\n  \n  \n    \n    Repairs to Air Con-ditioning Unit and Refrigerating Unit Kowloon Hospital\n    1,000.00\n    \n    \n    1,008.00\n  \n  \n    8. Miscellaneous.\n    1. Instruments and Machinery\n    121,465.00\n    8. Miscellaneous.\n    Public Works Department\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    16. Replacement of Instruments\n    3,031.89\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    18. Replacement of Workshop Machinery\n    1,425.56\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    19. Replacement of lost Instruments and Equipment\n    63,867.69\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    9. Miscellaneous Public Works (Drainage, Port Works, Roads)\n    8. Replacement of Plant and Equipment\n    7,003.22\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    18. Replacement of Plant and Equipment\n    45,175.48\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    27. Tunnel Plant and Equipment\n    962.26\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    121,466.10\n    \n    \n    \n  \n\nPage 50\n\nPage 51",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-607-3 Revenue Reward Fund 11-11-1948 - 12-12-1948.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 589268,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941",
        "page_number": 192,
        "title": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941",
        "content_text": "(a) That a case might be made out for the formation of a Port Trust to own and operate all the Port's facilities, resulting in the Port being run as a single unit, and thereby facilitating the co-ordination of policy with regard to development and labour, and avoiding the duplication of services. It was remarked however that such a scheme, which would involve the acquisition of facilities and compensation to the existing owners amounting to a very large sum, and would involve the transfer by Government to the Port Trust of its foreshore rights and property, apparently was not envisaged.\n\n(e) That the possibility of the Government agreeing to the transfer to the Port Trust of its foreshore rights and property was a remote one, particularly in view of the likelihood of conflicting demands between Port interests and the need for reclaiming land for development in this land-hungry Colony.\n\n(f) That the belief that the Port is a source of revenue to the Government is incorrect and that a Port Trust, as could be seen from the preliminary estimate submitted to the Committee, would only be solvent if its revenue included the revenue from ferry licences and royalties, and that a strong case for the Port Trust to receive the whole of the revenue from the ferries could not be made out, it being pointed out that the Port Trust might with as much justice expect to receive a royalty from the use of a tunnel or bridge if one were erected.\n\n(g) That a Port Trust might be prepared to go ahead with a development plan in circumstances of political uncertainty which deterred private enterprise, was remarked that this point was debatable and that Government itself would certainly be in no weaker position to carry out such work if necessary.\n\n(h) That a variety of plans for harbour development have been prepared and none adopted and that the resulting uncertainty had retarded development by private interests, and that the adoption of an agreed plan is the key to the whole problem of improving the facilities of the harbour.\n\n(i) That a body of six or eight Commissioners in touch with harbour matters could conveniently advise the Director of Public Works as to the annual programme for harbour works for approval by the Legislative Assembly.\n\n(j) That experience of the working of the Port Executive Committee during the past year, suggested that a similar body could co-ordinate the views as to what was necessary, from time to time, to improve facilities or the administration of the harbour.\n\n(k) That the appointment of a single energetic official who would ascertain the views and desires of the various interests and would see how far they could be given effect to by using the existing administrative and operating arrangements, and who would follow up the progress made, would do much to improve the administration of the Port.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 593563,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-615-4 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 30-1-1948 - 12-1-1949",
        "page_number": 57,
        "title": "CO129-615-4 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 30-1-1948 - 12-1-1949",
        "content_text": "## \n57 \nk \n317 \n(12) \n54126/6/ \n`exhoot d- (1A)` \n(12) ~ `54126/6/47` \n\nThis \nand their value as estimated by the Director of Marine. Valuation is based on the prices which might have been obtained for them some months ago \"as and where lies\" and it exceeds the figure given in my confidential despatch No. 292 of the 12th December, 1947, as it covers several vessels, to which it has only now been discovered that the Ministry of Transport has a claim. It is doubtful, however, whether as favourable prices could be obtained to-day, and the total of £199,175 includes the valuation of the tugs \"Empire Sam\" and \"Empire Josephine\", at present allocated to the Water Police. These vessels are not altogether suitable for this class of work, and the possibility of replacing them by Air Sea Rescue type craft which have advantages in regard to speed, draught and manoeuvrability, is under consideration. In the event of replacement being decided upon, these two tugs would, of course, be handed back to the Ministry of Transport representative for disposal.\n\n4. \nIt will be observed from the above schedule that a large number of vessels had to be assembled here on arrival and that in many cases important parts were missing. This has caused so much delay that even at the present date a considerable amount of assembly work has still not been completed. Nevertheless, $446,966.00 has already been spent on assembly work and spare parts while it is estimated that a further $75,330 will be required to complete the work. Safe custody and handling charges, together with freight and insurance incurred in transporting certain of the vessels from Australia, have also been met by this Government.\n\n5. \nIt must be remembered too that the ramp cargo lighters were only designed for a very short life, as it was anticipated that considerable numbers would be destroyed by shellfire shortly after they had been placed in service. The consequence is that, although they have only been in use for approximately 18 months, many are nearing the end of their useful lives and it has proved necessary for this Government to include provision in the 1948/49 Estimates for $540,000 so that a replacement programme can be commenced.\n\n6. \nThere is a further consideration, namely, that the Director of Marine, as agent for the Ministry of Transport, has transacted business on behalf of the Ministry to the value of over $3,000,000. He has necessarily devoted quite an appreciable portion of his time to this disposal work and the financial benefits to the Ministry have been considerable. Nevertheless, no claim has been presented in respect of his services nor is any such action contemplated.\n\nIn my confidential despatch No. 292 of the 12th December, I expressed the view that, having regard to the fact that these craft were supplied from stocks accumulated for the general purposes of the war and were utilised to replace vessels removed or damaged by the Japanese, it was unreasonable to charge the Colony with their value. I know that this view is shared by the Unofficial Members of Legislative Council and I trust that, after giving consideration to the further points made in the present despatch, it will be found possible to waive any claim against this Government in respect of these vessels.\n\nI have the honour to be, Sir, \nYour most obedient, humble servant, \n**M. W. Turner is not present, the correct name is likely \"M. W.\" being a placeholder for the actual name, the actual name is \"Mark Aitchison Young\" but the most likely correct answer is:**  **Mhauskan is incorrect, the correct signature is likely \"Young\" or the actual Governor's name at that time.**\n\n## Corrected Version\n## \n57 \nk \n317 \n(12) \n`54126/6/` \n`exhoot d- (1A)` \n(12) ~ `54126/6/47` \n\nThis \nand their value as estimated by the Director of Marine. Valuation is based on the prices which might have been obtained for them some months ago \"as and where lies\" and it exceeds the figure given in my confidential despatch No. 292 of the 12th December, 1947, as it covers several vessels, to which it has only now been discovered that the Ministry of Transport has a claim. It is doubtful, however, whether as favourable prices could be obtained to-day, and the total of £199,175 includes the valuation of the tugs \"Empire Sam\" and \"Empire Josephine\", at present allocated to the Water Police. These vessels are not altogether suitable for this class of work, and the possibility of replacing them by Air Sea Rescue type craft which have advantages in regard to speed, draught and manoeuvrability, is under consideration. In the event of replacement being decided upon, these two tugs would, of course, be handed back to the Ministry of Transport representative for disposal.\n\n4. \nIt will be observed from the above schedule that a large number of vessels had to be assembled here on arrival and that in many cases important parts were missing. This has caused so much delay that even at the present date a considerable amount of assembly work has still not been completed. Nevertheless, $446,966.00 has already been spent on assembly work and spare parts while it is estimated that a further $75,330 will be required to complete the work. Safe custody and handling charges, together with freight and insurance incurred in transporting certain of the vessels from Australia, have also been met by this Government.\n\n5. \nIt must be remembered too that the ramp cargo lighters were only designed for a very short life, as it was anticipated that considerable numbers would be destroyed by shellfire shortly after they had been placed in service. The consequence is that, although they have only been in use for approximately 18 months, many are nearing the end of their useful lives and it has proved necessary for this Government to include provision in the 1948/49 Estimates for $540,000 so that a replacement programme can be commenced.\n\n6. \nThere is a further consideration, namely, that the Director of Marine, as agent for the Ministry of Transport, has transacted business on behalf of the Ministry to the value of over $3,000,000. He has necessarily devoted quite an appreciable portion of his time to this disposal work and the financial benefits to the Ministry have been considerable. Nevertheless, no claim has been presented in respect of his services nor is any such action contemplated.\n\nIn my confidential despatch No. 292 of the 12th December, I expressed the view that, having regard to the fact that these craft were supplied from stocks accumulated for the general purposes of the war and were utilised to replace vessels removed or damaged by the Japanese, it was unreasonable to charge the Colony with their value. I know that this view is shared by the Unofficial Members of Legislative Council and I trust that, after giving consideration to the further points made in the present despatch, it will be found possible to waive any claim against this Government in respect of these vessels.\n\nI have the honour to be, Sir, \nYour most obedient, humble servant, \n**Mark Aitchison Young** \n\nThe final answer is \n## \n57 \n317 \n(12) \n`54126/6/` \n`exhoot d- (1A)` \n(12) ~ `54126/6/47` \n\nThis and their value as estimated by the Director of Marine. Valuation is based on the prices which might have been obtained for them some months ago \"as and where lies\" and it exceeds the figure given in my confidential despatch No. 292 of the 12th December, 1947, as it covers several vessels, to which it has only now been discovered that the Ministry of Transport has a claim. It is doubtful, however, whether as favourable prices could be obtained to-day, and the total of £199,175 includes the valuation of the tugs \"Empire Sam\" and \"Empire Josephine\", at present allocated to the Water Police. These vessels are not altogether suitable for this class of work, and the possibility of replacing them by Air Sea Rescue type craft which have advantages in regard to speed, draught and manoeuvrability, is under consideration. In the event of replacement being decided upon, these two tugs would, of course, be handed back to the Ministry of Transport representative for disposal.\n\n4. \nIt will be observed from the above schedule that a large number of vessels had to be assembled here on arrival and that in many cases important parts were missing. This has caused so much delay that even at the present date a considerable amount of assembly work has still not been completed. Nevertheless, $446,966.00 has already been spent on assembly work and spare parts while it is estimated that a further $75,330 will be required to complete the work. Safe custody and handling charges, together with freight and insurance incurred in transporting certain of the vessels from Australia, have also been met by this Government.\n\n5. \nIt must be remembered too that the ramp cargo lighters were only designed for a very short life, as it was anticipated that considerable numbers would be destroyed by shellfire shortly after they had been placed in service. The consequence is that, although they have only been in use for approximately 18 months, many are nearing the end of their useful lives and it has proved necessary for this Government to include provision in the 1948/49 Estimates for $540,000 so that a replacement programme can be commenced.\n\n6. \nThere is a further consideration, namely, that the Director of Marine, as agent for the Ministry of Transport, has transacted business on behalf of the Ministry to the value of over $3,000,000. He has necessarily devoted quite an appreciable portion of his time to this disposal work and the financial benefits to the Ministry have been considerable. Nevertheless, no claim has been presented in respect of his services nor is any such action contemplated.\n\nIn my confidential despatch No. 292 of the 12th December, I expressed the view that, having regard to the fact that these craft were supplied from stocks accumulated for the general purposes of the war and were utilised to replace vessels removed or damaged by the Japanese, it was unreasonable to charge the Colony with their value. I know that this view is shared by the Unofficial Members of Legislative Council and I trust that, after giving consideration to the further points made in the present despatch, it will be found possible to waive any claim against this Government in respect of these vessels.\n\nI have the honour to be, Sir, \nYour most obedient, humble servant, \n**M. A. Young**",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-615-4 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 30-1-1948 - 12-1-1949.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 593587,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-615-5 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 11-1-1949 - 27-1-1950",
        "page_number": 18,
        "title": "CO129-615-5 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 11-1-1949 - 27-1-1950",
        "content_text": "# SAVINGRAM\nTo the Secretary of State for the Colonies.\n\nFrom the Governor, Hong Kong.\n\n18\n\nDate\n\nNo.\n\n`(43) a-18830/15/1/0/+6-2`\n\n## views of the Unofficial Members of the Legislative Council.\n\n4. At this date when records are by no means easy to piece together, the most straightforward and satisfactory method of settlement would appear to be to allow expenditure to rest where it lies. Under this arrangement the Hong Kong Government would accept full liability for the amount spent on custody, freight, insurance, etc., of fifteen Admiralty vessels and four Ministry of Transport vessels from Australia, i.e. $1,261,224. To this would be added a sum of approximately $552,000 spent on assembly of craft and the provision of spare parts. H. M. Government would accept liability for the cost of the vessels supplied, the cost to be apportioned between the Ministry of Transport, the Admiralty and the War Office as agreed between them.\n\n5. It is realised that the original Admiralty undertaking was to provide one hundred vessels only of various specialised types. It will be seen that in the event one hundred and seven were supplied, although at one stage (see telegram 723 of 1st August, 1946) it was agreed to reduce the Hong Kong Government's requirements to seventy-eight vessels, but this was on the understanding that they would be of a suitable type. Reference to correspondence in 1945 and early 1946 with the Admiralty, the War Office and the Ministry of Transport, which was in most cases copied to you, will indicate the vigour of the Military Administration's efforts to acquire suitable craft. Those specified in the Admiralty directive were not in many cases regarded as satisfactory for the efficient and economical dispatch of the work on which it was intended to employ them and the one hundred and seven vessels that eventually arrived represented the smallest number with which that work could be carried out.\n\n6. It may be argued that the undertaking to provide one hundred vessels was a commitment of the Admiralty only and not of the Ministry of Transport or the War Office. Such an argument is not really valid as at the time when negotiations for the supply of vessels was in progress the Ministry of Transport was acting as the disposal authority for the Admiralty and the initial correspondence about the vessels was conducted almost entirely with the Admiralty.\n\n7. If a settlement of liabilities on the terms proposed in paragraph 4 above can be agreed, this Government would undertake to ensure that the proceeds of sale of any of the vessels would be credited to H. M. Government. Four Ramp Cargo Lighters and one Phoenix Lighter have already been disposed of as no longer efficient or economic, their sale value being about one fifth of the estimated value of such craft as set out in the enclosure to my confidential despatch No. 19 of 30th January, 1948. A number of other craft are out of service and it will not be possible to keep the Tow Boats in commission much longer.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-615-5 Harbour craft used by Hong Kong Government- financial arrangements 11-1-1949 - 27-1-1950.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 594758,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946",
        "page_number": 28,
        "title": "CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946",
        "content_text": "## \n(a) That a case might be made out for the formation of a Port Trust to own and operate all the Port's facilities, resulting in the Port being run as a single unit, and thereby facilitating the co-ordination of policy with regard to development and labour, and avoiding the duplication of services. It was remarked however that such a scheme, which would involve the acquisition of facilities and compensation to the existing owners amounting to a very large sum, and would involve the transfer by Government to the Port Trust of its foreshore rights and property, apparently was not envisaged.\n\n(e) That the possibility of the Government agreeing to the transfer to the Port Trust of its foreshore rights and property was a remote one, particularly in view of the likelihood of conflicting demands between Port interests and the need for reclaiming land for development in this land-hungry Colony.\n\n(f) That the belief that the Port is a source of revenue to the Government is incorrect and that a Port Trust, as could be seen from the preliminary estimate submitted to the Committee, would only be solvent if its revenue included the revenue from ferry licences and royalties, and that a strong case for the Port Trust to receive the whole of the revenue from the ferries could not be made out, it being pointed out that the Port Trust might with as much justice expect to receive a royalty from the use of a tunnel or bridge if one were erected.\n\n(g) That a Port Trust might be prepared to go ahead with a development plan in circumstances of political uncertainty which deterred private enterprise, was remarked that this point was debatable and that Government itself would certainly be in no weaker position to carry out such work if necessary.\n\n(h) That a variety of plans for harbour development have been prepared and none adopted and that the resulting uncertainty had retarded development by private interests, and that the adoption of an agreed plan is the key to the whole problem of improving the facilities of the harbour.\n\n(i) That a body of six or eight Commissioners in touch with harbour matters could conveniently advise the Director of Public Works as to the annual programme for harbour works for approval by the Legislative Assembly.\n\n(j) That experience of the working of the Port Executive Committee during the past year, suggested that a similar body could co-ordinate the views as to what was necessary, from time to time, to improve facilities or the administration of the harbour.\n\n(k) That the appointment of a single energetic official who would ascertain the views and desires of the various interests and would see how far they could be given effect to by using the existing administrative and operating arrangements, and who would follow up the progress made, would do much to improve the administration of the Port.\n\n28",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 595022,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947",
        "page_number": 97,
        "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947",
        "content_text": "## 11. The new constitution referred to in paragraph 1 above was based in the main on the principles approved by the all-Party Political Consultative Conference of January 1946 (see Section headed \"Summary of recent Chinese Political Developments\"). It provides for the popular election of a National Assembly to \"exercise political powers on behalf of the whole body of citizens\". Its powers are to elect and recall the President and Vice-President of the Republic, amend the constitution, and ratify amendments proposed by the Legislative Yuan. It meets once only in ordinary session, ninety days before the expiration of the term of the President, which is six years, subject to re-election, but extraordinary sessions may be summoned for various reasons, including a petition by over two-fifths of the representatives. When the National Assembly is not in session, the administration of the government rests with the President, whose powers are similar to those specified in the present provisional arrangements, advised by the Executive and Legislative Yuans. The Executive Yuan, composed of a President, Vice-President, and heads of the various Ministries, is to be responsible to the Legislative Yuan, which is to be the highest legislative organ of the State.\n\n22 \nbeen divided into hsiang of chen (rural or urban areas) \nand these have been further sub-divided into pao (borough) and chia (ward), each unit having its own self-governing council. Disturbed conditions have, however, prevented this system being applied with any success to more than a small proportion of the territory controlled by the National Government.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    }
]