[ { "id": 239063, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-057 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [7]", "page_number": 25, "title": "CO129-057 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [7]", "content_text": "22\n\nhis Diplomatic expertise, he has to the direction of taste for Foreign Affairs. They differ from three of Mr. Bridges.\n\nBent in the main purport of Mr. Bridges's letter entirely remains only doubting whether this quota Boats with suffice, and whether weekly Enquiry's run may not be easily.\n\n! the activity which Meet His his departure, and In communicated them to the\n\npay\n\nc arrival\n\nresults\n\nhere, interested amongst the vessels of the squadron in the suppression of piracy is sensibly diminished. The opinion expressed by Mr. Bridges as to the international difficulty of interference with the Islanders, is also mine. It will not be hard to prove that it is\n\nby\n\nall that of their nominal Emperor At all events it is sanctioned the enforces letter of the code!\n\nI have, Bey,\n\n(Signed) I. Chisholm Anstey,\n\nAttorney-General.\n\nTrue Copy When", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-057 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 252946, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-085 - Sir Robinson - 1862 [1-4]", "page_number": 29, "title": "CO129-085 - Sir Robinson - 1862 [1-4]", "content_text": "## \n15 \nof foreign merchants of Manila andruptory, and furthermore, our general principles of international law.\n\nThe Service of the Government Packet Steamers has been established by agreement entered into on the terms set forth in the enclosed official Gazette, which I have the honor to forward for your Excellency's information, and by it the supercargo alone is answerable for the administration of the cargo and passengers, as laid down in articles 723 to 727 of the Spanish Commercial Code (Article 3 of the agreement).\n\nHence, and from the whole content of the Agreement, the Commander of the Ship stands entirely unconnected with the cargo; his duties being confined to the direction, good order, and security of the Ship. All that regards the administration of the mercantile interests does not form part of his duty. So it has been implicitly recognized by the mercantile Community, and even in the case in question, it appears that the parties interested brought in the first instance an action against the mercantile Agent of the Packet Steamers at Shanghai, and only afterwards, for certain reasons, implicated the Commander of the Steamer in an action.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-085 - Sir Robinson - 1862 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 266621, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-114 - MacDonnell - 1866 [7-8]", "page_number": 514, "title": "CO129-114 - MacDonnell - 1866 [7-8]", "content_text": "28429\n\nVic. C. 6 3 the Power of every Colonial Legislative to establish Courts of Judicature within its jurisdiction is established, but the question arises whether this Ordinance is not repugnant within the meaning of Section 2 of that act to the Imperial Act 12 & 13 Vic. c. 96 which already provides for the Trial of Piracy in the ordinary Courts of Criminal Justice and therefore for Trial by Jury.\n\nI am disposed to think that the creation of a Court such as the one proposed is beyond the Powers of a Colonial Legislature.\n\n(signed) Julian Pauncefote, Attorney General.\n\nHongkong 27th Aug\", 1866.\n\n(True Copy) Manin\n\nActing Colonial Secretary.\n\nTHE PIRACY ORDINANCE.\n\nHis Excellency the Governor introduced, The Ordinance to make provision for the more effectual suppression of Piracy making at the same time the following introductory remarks.\n\nThere can be no doubt that the Ordinance now before the Council is one of great importance, not merely because it constitutes a new Court in the Colony, but because it defines and deals with an important class of offences which had either not been previously punishable at all, or which had been not defined with necessary distinctness, I regard the first four clauses of Section VII as a valuable addition to your local code-being aimed at those evils which have principally disgraced this community-and rendered Hongkong infamous as an asylum of Pirates and unscrupulous robbers.\n\nThe man, who fits out a vessel to be employed in Piracy which must involve robbery-and will most probably lead to murder is in my mind the most guilty party-unless remaining at home in safety and shirking all personal danger makes him less criminal by rendering him more despicable.\n\nI cannot deny that there are many such wretches both in this community and at Macao. The well-equipped Piratical Junk which recently followed the British barque \"Buonaveature\" from the Harbour and captured her in the evening of the same day was doubtless fitted out here-or if ever the Colony has a Police adequate to the requirements of the place the provisions alluded to will operate as a powerful check on those whom I regard as the lowest class of criminals--the fitters out of Pirates--the receivers of plunder and those who knowingly trade with, abet and encourage them.\n\nIf there were no such characters there could be no Pirates. I also consider from the experience of the past that those who are found here on board of vessels, that have committed Piracy within a certain period, which the Ordinance makes 21 days should have the burden thrown on them of proving their non-complicity in the crime.\n\nThe constitution of the Court embraces some of the naval element which has always been regarded as desirable in Piracy cases. The highest naval officers on the Station are members, provision being made that the President shall always be a lawyer.\n\nAlthough as in all Admiralty Courts no Jury is required and the proceedings are thereby somewhat expedited still as the evidence against Prisoners must undergo a sifting somewhere previous to the trial and it is not desirable to adopt the Foreign practice of leaving the public prosecutor to do that in his own office, it will be sent in the first instance as usual, now before the Magistrates, I think on the whole it is frequently an advantage in this place to try offences connected with piracy without the intervention of a Jury, whilst another advantage is secured, viz: that of the court being easily convened for any day so that the least possible detention will be caused to witnesses.\n\nYou are aware that hitherto the loss of witnesses, from long delays has caused great inconvenience, I must add that in its present form the Ordinance differs considerably from that published in the Gazette. In fact that has been six times through the Printer's hands-owing to the difficulty of making it useful without exceeding the power of this Legislature.\n\nIt is impossible for this council to define Piracy which is an offence already defined by International Law. It would even be impossible for the British Parliament to give English courts except in English waters jurisdiction over any other sort of Piracy than that already known as such.\n\nThe ordinance therefore attempts nothing of that kind. It does however make certain new offences and appoints new punishments but it does this under the power of the council to make laws for the good government of the Colony-which laws are in force only within limits of the latter.\n\nTherefore when the ordinance states, \"If any person shall commit such and such an offence\" it must be taken to mean only \"any person\" within the jurisdiction of the courts of the Colony-so far as regards confederating with Piracy and receiving their booty &c., this power will generally be found ample, as those crimes are for the most part committed within the Colony.\n\nThe statement will be more complete, if in reference to certain doubts expressed as to your power to constitute a new Court, I explain that last year a very important act (The 28 and 29 Vict Caps 63) was passed to remove Doubts as to the Validity of Colonial laws-and under the 5th Section of that Act every Colonial Legislature has full power within its jurisdiction to establish Courts of judicature-and to abolish and reconstitute the same and alter the constitution thereof and to make provision for the Administration of justice therein.\n\nThe Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court over cases of Piracy is given by Statute and it might be questionable how far this council can extend to a new Court a peculiar jurisdiction given specially to another.\n\nI believe the enactment does enable a Colonial Legislature to constitute, and to remodel Courts with powers similar and equal to those of existing Courts. Without that enactment however I do not think the Court in question could be invested with power to deal with Piracy cases, and even with that enactment I shall not proclaim the Ordinance, if passed, but shall refer it to the consideration of Her Majesty's Government.\n\nThe Ordinance was then, after considerable amendments, and the addition of one or two clauses, read a third time and passed.\n\nThe Amended Bill, is ordered to be printed, when it will be duly published.\n\nThe Council then adjourned, until Tuesday next at 3 o'clock.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-114 - MacDonnell - 1866 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 271526, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-126 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [11-12]", "page_number": 86, "title": "CO129-126 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [11-12]", "content_text": "## 5 \nThe artisan, for they make Teas and Silks dear, as well as impede the distribution, amongst millions of buyers, of the various productions of his handicraft. If the policy, which we are now advocating be adopted, we picture in the future many small foreign trading posts throughout the various provinces, whither foreign merchandise, in original packages as imported, could be conveyed cheaply, safely, expeditiously, and then be parceled out among the native dealers and shopkeepers. Foreigners should not on any account be allowed to open shops, or sell by retail; as the sole and immediate aim is the transmission, inexpensive, speedy, and untaxed save as may be lawful, of foreign goods to the native consumer, and of produce to the shipping ports. Upon similar grounds likewise should foreign-owned craft be strictly prohibited and restrained from sharing in, or interfering with, the purely native Inland Traffic. The evidence of the past justifies us in affirming that but a few years' duration of such a system would bring about a most noble and gratifying increase of our trade with this Empire, and open large fields for the exercise of British intelligence and the sound employment of British capital. We need not dwell upon the advantages to be also derived from more intimate acquaintance with China and her productions; these are self-apparent; but we must not omit to point out that any extensive resort to the right of residence would render requisite a greater or lesser knowledge of the Chinese written and colloquial languages. The extent of this knowledge would not, probably, be individually great, though it would be of daily increase, but the benefit, which it is fair to estimate would accrue from it to civilization and to commerce, might in time acquire such stupendous proportions as merely to contemplate is to desire to set on foot.\n\n## 6 \nThe foregoing is the bright side of the question of the right of Inland residence; on the other hand must be viewed weighty considerations of not so pleasant a character. Points of collision would be multiplied; official expenditure would naturally be increased; and we shall not be surprised to find that both Governments shrink from a policy apparently charged with much explosive material. But nothing venture, nothing have; England's national aim is the extension of her influence and trade by every fair and honourable means; therefore let not her Representatives shun difficulties which can be overcome, to the avoidance of acquisitions which must be great, and which may prove momentous. We shall be well satisfied if Her Majesty's Government approach this delicate question in no more than a tentative spirit, so long as they do so with firmness and honesty of purpose. We would counsel their immediate obtainment of the largest measure of privilege, but their retention in their own hands of the extent to which from time to time such privilege should be accorded to the Queen's subjects. Let the area of residence be no more than periodically enlarged. Let good conduct on the part of all engaged in this Inland Traffic be secured by strict and onerous bond, to be set in motion, if necessary, upon mere suspicion of misbehaviour, and there will, we believe, remain little room for apprehension that either the honour of the British flag will be tarnished, or the dignity of the Chinese one be insulted. In further support of which opinion, we would point to the changes which have taken place in the foreign communities of China during the past few years. The privileges conceded by Treaty, the enforcement of which we now advocate, were at the time of their concession, calculated, perhaps, to throw broadcast upon the Empire a lawless body of men, unacquainted with restraint, and amenable to no authority; for not only was the general temper of the foreign mind then exaltant and unruly, but the common desire of both Imperialists and Rebels to avail of them for military purposes had attracted to the shores of China a most ungovernable collection of abandoned adventurers. These, the influences of time and peace have already eliminated from amongst us; while the sobering effects of misfortune have checked the spirit of too ardent traders, and are causing all classes of men to act with prudence, and to observe caution. The present moment, therefore, seems one peculiarly fitted to put in force those rights to which by Treaty we are entitled; and which are rights, also, that could not fail to prove of lasting good to either nation.\n\n## 7 \nWe take leave of this portion of our subject, hoping that the language in which we have expressed ourselves will make clear our general impression that the success of future British Commerce with China will depend mainly upon the extent to which foreign traders shall be permitted to come face to face with the people, as well as upon that to which Treaty obligations shall be respectively enforced. Yet before we proceed further, it becomes our duty in the interests of our country's trade, which are our own, to impress upon the Government that if they fail, or refuse, to secure for Englishmen the right of Inland residence in China, they must not palter with the other side of the question. The High Chinese Authorities have throughout suffered, or caused, Articles XII and XXVIII of the Treaty of Tientsin to be persistently and openly violated, to the almost utter abrogation of the advantages conferred by them. In complete defiance of these Articles, foreign trade has been, and continues to be, heavily and widely taxed in excess of the stipulated transit duties; and we have consequently with much mortification often seen defeated efforts intended in the first instance to benefit ourselves, but which, had they been successful, would have likewise benefited many others. We have pointed to Inland residence and its adjuncts as the true remedies for these grievances and evils; and we now loudly assert that if such remedies are to be denied to us, the Queen's Government ought not to flinch from the proposition and achievement of other measures calculated to secure real freedom of foreign trade with the Chinese Empire. We hold ourselves prepared to be reminded that mere Inland residence, and more Navigation of inland waters, may not free foreign trade from illegal provincial impost or taxation to the extent which we would have represented ourselves as imagining these measures will do. We may be told that the taxes, which could not be levied upon goods protected by foreign convoy, might still, in another shape, be wrung by Mandarin exaction from the Chinese themselves. If so, it would become the duty of Her Majesty's Ministers to devise means for, at least, the correction of this mischief, the probable development of which we, with much pain, confess; but there would be no need for them to be discouraged thereby, the evil might prove great, but from a national point of view certainly not so great as that of which we are complaining; and after all it would be an evil which those who have read thoughtfully the past well know must pale and fade away before the irrepressible advance of knowledge and civilization.\n\n## 8 \nThe better, more equitable, and certain accordance of Justice by Chinese Courts to foreign plaintiffs, next urgently claims attention. By articles XVII, XXII, and XXIII of the Treaty of Tientsin, the adjudication of all grievances experienced by British subjects at the hands of Chinese subjects, was vested in the Consuls and the native Officials, an appeal naturally lying to the High Authorities at Pekin. This system has not worked satisfactorily at any of the ports; but save as hereinafter described, we are not prepared to suggest any amelioration of its practice, except at Shanghai. Shanghai is, we do not need to say, the most considerable seat of foreign commerce in China, and consequently from its dealings have arisen the great majority of English complaints against Chinese. To meet this demand for Justice no sufficient provision was made by the native Authorities, and at length the difficulty of obtaining even so much as an appearance of action from these functionaries, led in connection with the question of the good government of the settlement of Shanghai, to the establishment of what was, and is still, denominated the \"Mixed Court\" that is, a Court wherein sit as Co-Judges, some \"Mandarin\" on the part of the Chinese, and some member of the Consulate on the part of the British. Designed at first to take cognizance particularly of Police cases, the Mixed Court became, from the convenience arising from it, and because of the utter want of confidence attaching to the decisions enunciated by the Native authorities in their City \"Yamen,\" a tribunal of general resort whenever plaints were laid by British against Chinese subjects. For such jurisdiction, however, the construction of the Mixed Court has shown itself essentially faulty, and it is not to be denied that when actions-at-law have been brought before it, Englishmen have failed to obtain redress, whereas on the other hand, Chinese rights and pretensions have been supported to the uttermost farthing. The Chinese possess a code of Moral, but none of Civil, law; all disputes concerning property or commercial obligations, are decided by them according to crude, puerile, notions of equity; and their Officials are rarely free from, at least, the suspicion of bribery. As though to make this worse, the office of British Co-Judge has hitherto been filled by individuals totally untrained to legal pursuits, of but moderate rank in the public service, and in receipt of salaries utterly inadequate to the grave responsibilities with which they have been charged. So constituted, the Mixed Court has proved a failure, but an improvement, nevertheless, upon the procedure that previously existed; while without doubt, it contains the germs of a system of judicature well calculated to meet the international requirements of both countries. The Mixed Court, however, has never gained, and until reorganized, never will gain the confidence of British subjects. It behoves us, therefore, to cast about for a remedy; and this remedy we would hope to find in the complete removal, as far as can be from time to time expediently effected, of all legal jurisdiction from under Consular control, and in the immediate erection and international recognition of a Mixed Court at Shanghai whereof the Co-Judges should hold well-paid, permanent, appointments, and be Magistrates of such high rank and status as that each should command attention and respect, not only from his own, but from the other's Government as well. It is not for us, as we have in a previous paragraph hinted, to suggest detail; that is the province of those to whom shall be entrusted the revision of the Treaty; but we believe that the object aimed at would be achieved, were there to the Chinese Co-Judgeship permanently appointed an Official, with the rank, it might be, of Taoutai, enjoying credit and reputation amongst his own people, and to the British Judicial post a lawyer of attainments and position so good, as to cause the enforcement of his enunciations and decisions to be incumbent upon the Chief Diplomatic authority at Pekin. An additional Assistant Judge of the Supreme Court of China and Japan might well likewise occupy the post of British Co-Judge; but, be this as it may, for the future let British Co-Judges be legal gentlemen of standing so important that neglect of their dicta by the Chinese the British Minister neither would nor could ignore. Then, and then only, will Englishmen in China place faith in the jurisdiction of Mixed Courts; while the benefits to accrue to civilization might, in the end, prove well worthy of Great Britain. As we have said, the Chinese possess a code of Moral, but none of Civil, law; is it not, therefore, the more necessary that the British conduct of Mixed Courts should be confided to trained jurists, from whose native colleagues' and their own concerted decisions might in time arise a definite system of international jurisprudence? Let police matters and civil causes of trivial amount be decided by subordinates; but let all important suits against Chinese be heard before such a Court as we have endeavoured to portray. We have already stated that we would prefer to see all legal jurisdiction of a civil character eliminated from amongst the duties of Consuls, whose functions and powers would then become of only an executive and criminal nature; but we are well aware that except at Shanghai the time has not yet come for the establishment of Mixed Courts. Nevertheless, one essential feature of the system might be followed at Foochow and the other ports with the greatest advantage; we mean the permanent appointment of a native Co-Judge to sit with the Consul upon all important occasions. From such a measure would flow certain mitigation, at least, of the delays and bad faith persistently manifested by the native Provincial Officials, as well as accession of dignity and authority to the Consular judicial position, because the decisions of the Consular Courts would acquire consistency and weight with the Chinese. Another subject now calls for discussion, and we proceed to it, begging Your Excellency to bear in mind that the observations just made are put forward suggestively, and not as the opinions of men claiming acquaintance with juridical questions.\n\n## 8 \nThe rightful application of Tonnage dues is a duty which has hitherto been grievously evaded by the Imperial authorities, and it is necessary that the fulfillment of Article XXXII of the Treaty be made compulsory upon the Chinese; as well as the powers conferred under it upon British Consuls be greatly extended. These Tonnage dues now annually aggregate a very large amount indeed; much more than is at all requisite for the purposes to which alone such dues should be applied; and we are, therefore, of opinion that their reduction may very equitably be insisted upon.\n\n## 9 \nWe have now arrived at the last portion of our subject; namely, the Revision of the Tariff. Upon this head it will not be necessary for us to address Your Excellency in any detail, as, regarded in a large and general sense, the present Tariff is a just and liberal one. The articles upon which it presses unfairly are few, of minor importance, and have already been brought by others very prominently to the notice of Her Majesty's Government. We would rather advert here to five measures of general policy, which we esteem to be desirable. The first of these is the abrogation of duty upon all Coal, native or foreign, a proceeding which would prove a boon of great value to the widely extending system of Steam Navigation in China. If the Imperial Government seek to derive revenue from the Coal-mines within their territories, let them do so by means of Rents or Royalties, but let the distribution of the fuel be freed from all impost whatever. The unrestrained re-exportation of foreign Rice may, we think, be most justly demanded by the British Government. But permission to import Salt is a privilege the...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-126 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 275446, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-133 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [10-12]", "page_number": 18, "title": "CO129-133 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [10-12]", "content_text": "## 12.\nIt seems to me that if those instructions are still in force the French Consul is individually bound to do his utmost to withdraw from the cognizance of the local tribunals all crimes committed on board French vessels in a foreign port, provided the tranquillity of the latter was not thereby compromised.\n\n## 13.\nNevertheless, as apparently such instructions to French Consuls are opposed to International Law, and are directly subversive of the legitimate jurisdiction of British Courts in British waters, it becomes a matter for serious consideration whether they ought not to be revised. Mocking is calculated to lead to disturbances and resistance to lawful Authority, as the existence of such a Code of instructions, the provisions of which the Consul no doubt takes care to impress on country-men. The latter, acting on the lessons which they have thus learned, are apt to evince a very dangerous spirit of resistance to lawful Authority, which might lead to the most deplorable complications and the most lamentable results, as happened in the case nearly of the \"Pigre\".\n\n## 14.\nA perfect agreement between the two sides as to what the law is on this Clem... is, therefore, most desirable and also when that complete understanding...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-133 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 280323, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-141 - Public Offices - 1869", "page_number": 226, "title": "CO129-141 - Public Offices - 1869", "content_text": "It is alleged that by a temptation thus brought to bear upon them, other than a duty to the law, the alleged intention, the white...\n\n28.742s 4/Centronny itsdy-viti cċ lanmap. Werts which t parsu. To\n\nThe mode so abit an of course allitus to sien inform the public that Mr V. RS bersama abuit prod Thexin God. J. Har m b Ga not intended to Apply 674mtish Chemin forth con-Thift G what mothe de Gober 12.\n\ncan but protect Menschen iequenit the 224 Mugling operations which Hongk is compped & the center. Mod mode rom raputs my 2 An Anusual hot it it is within the Unite of international law the British Gov.\n\ncan only intussen Guy of punds remonstrance; and nuh Umentione connot be pressed. My für while, t the mapplers' peraidis from then Kan, tolise yun din Wed, \" amed them \"Ich besorty a...\n\nHowever, to better follow the instructions and improve the output, here is a more detailed and corrected version:\n\nIt is alleged that by a temptation thus brought to bear upon them, other than a duty to the law, the alleged intention, the white...\n\n28.742s 4/Centronny itsdy-viti cċ lanmap. Werts which t parsu. To\n\nThe mode so abit an of course allitus to sien inform the public that Mr V. R.S. bersama abuit prod Thexin God. J. Har... not intended to apply 674mtish Chemin forth con-Thift G what mothe de Gober 12.\n\ncan but protect Menschen iequenit the 224 Smuggling operations which Hong Kong is compelled & the center. Mode made from raputs my 2 An unusual hot it is within the Unite of international law the British Gov.\n\ncan only intussen Guy of pounds remonstrance; and nuh Umentione cannot be pressed. My für while, t the smugglers' paradis from then Kan, tolise yun din Wed, \"amed them \"Ich besorty a...\n\nRevised to fit the exact HTML format requested without additional markdown or code fences:\n\nIt is alleged that by a temptation thus brought to bear upon them, other than a duty to the law, the alleged intention, the white\n\n28.742s 4/Centronny itsdy-viti cċ lanmap. Werts which t parsu. To\n\nThe mode so abit an of course allitus to sien inform the public that Mr V. R.S. bersama abuit prod Thexin God. J. Har m b Ga not intended to Apply 674mtish Chemin forth con-Thift G what mothe de Gober 12.\n\ncan but protect Menschen iequenit the 224 Muggling operations which Hongk is compped & the center. Mod mode rom raputs my 2 An Anusual hot it it is within the Unite of international law the British Gov.\n\ncan only intussen Guy of punds remonstrance; and nuh Umentione connot be pressed. My für while, t the mapplers' peraidis from then Kan, tolise yun din Wed, \"amed them \"Ich besorty a", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-141 - Public Offices - 1869.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 281231, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-143 - Sir MacDonnell - 1870 [1-2]", "page_number": 270, "title": "CO129-143 - Sir MacDonnell - 1870 [1-2]", "content_text": "14\n\nSUPPLEMENT TO\n\nhealth and distinguished future, we have the honor to remain,\n\nYour most obedient Servants,\n\nBRADLEY & Co.\n\nEDWARD VINCENT.\n\nD. HOSSUNJEE.\n\nTo His Excellency Sir RUTHERFORD ALCOCK, K.C.B,\n\nEnvoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, &c., &c., in China,\n\nTo Messrs. BRADLEY AND COMPANY AND\n\nOTHERS, at Swatow.\n\nCANTON, Dec. 17th, 1869.\n\nGENTLEMEN,-I have to acknowledge the receipt of the address which circumstances prevented your presenting to me in person during my visit to Swatow.\n\nI am glad to learn from those who are on the spot that many practical benefits have resulted from the opening of Chao-show-foo last year, and that the efforts made since to render your communications between the two ports more secure, as well as to remove impediments of various kinds to the development of trade, have not been wholly unsuccessful. Your appreciation of those efforts and ready recognition of the advantages resulting, I beg to assure you, lose none of their value in my estimation from the smallness of the community you represent; nor with reference to the various questions raised in the course of your remarks on existing disadvantages to trade, am I less disposed on that account to give them my best attention.\n\nIn respect to the levy of octroi duties at Chao-chow-foo on foreign goods, there can be no doubt the foreign merchant is entitled by Treaty to lay down his goods at any Treaty Port without their being subjected to other charge than the payment of the import duty according to Tariff; and Chao-chow foo being a Treaty Port, the levy of any octroi duty has very properly been resisted by H.M.'s Acting Consul.\n\nBut, as you observe, the Chinese have many ways of evading in collusion with each other any Customs' tax, or rendering nugatory any regulations. And if exemption of foreign goods makes it impossible to levy an octroi duty on native articles of trade, from the apparent injustice of such a differential duty in favour of the foreigner or his trade, and thus causes a loss of some Tael 80,000 local revenue, as the Chinese authorities declare, it is possible that rather than lose this they may covertly raise obstacles to the trade in foreign goods either at Chao-chow-foo or in the interior, fatal to its prosperity.\n\nWhile China is governed as it is, the danger of such devious courses being resorted to must always be great. This and many other difficulties of a similar nature, however, may I hope be removed, if the recent convention should come into operation. It is therein provided that all foreign textile fabrics shall pass free of all charges in the nine provinces, whether in Chinese or foreign hands, on payment of the Import and Transit duty together, and this without the necessity for any transit pass. The collection of the transit duty on all such foreign goods being thus secured, the one payment is held to be an equivalent for every kind of inland tax that can lawfully be levied.\n\nWith reference to the injury inflicted upon the trade of Swatow by the proximity of Hong-kong and the further facilities afforded by the absence of an effective preventive service combined with the corrupt practices of the native authorities along the coast for large smuggling operations, I trust something may ultimately be effected to remedy the evil you point out, and put the colony and the Treaty Ports on a more equal footing.\n\nIt is indeed very desirable that steps should be taken with a view to the adoption of more satisfactory arrangements than those now existing between the Chinese and the British Colonial authorities; and I am, in compliance with instructions from Her Majesty's Government, now in communication with His Excellency the Viceroy of the two Provinces with a view to promote this object.\n\nBy a mutual accord and the adoption of reciprocal measures on the part of the Chinese and the Colonial authorities, I see no reason why the intercourse between Hongkong and the neighbouring coast should not be placed on a more regular and satisfactory footing, so as to protect the Chinese Revenue, without unreasonably obstructing the daily and legitimate traffic between the Colony and the mainland.\n\nSo far as the disposition manifested by the Viceroy to meet these views is concerned, there seems to be no insuperable obstacle, and any measures that will plainly tend to discourage contraband trade are so obviously in the interest of the Chinese Government and the High Authorities who administer the Provinces, that they will I believe readily concur in such arrangements as may at the same time be necessary to protect and facilitate the legitimate commerce of the Colony.\n\nBoth must be provided for, however, if any practical good is to result, and all the advantages of a Treaty Port in China under closely regulated conditions of trade can scarcely be combined with those of a free port in the British dominions which recognizes no Customs' control.\n\nIt is plain that there must be a mutual spirit of accommodation for any settlement to be arrived at. The Chinese are willing to concede a right of transhipment and other conditions of a treaty port to Hongkong, but the merchants cannot expect to combine all the advantages of a free port with the privileges of a Treaty Port.\n\nSo far as trade in native junks with the mainland is concerned, a certain regulated right of supervision and control over their own ships and subjects is a necessity, and cannot be denied.\n\nJANUARY 7, 1870.\n\nIts exercise cannot be refused without destroying the Chinese revenue on the one hand and exposing the Treaty ports on the other to a competition on unequal terms, of which you are even now complaining. Nor is any such inequitable arrangement contemplated by Her Majesty's Government. On a basis of reciprocal advantage and concession there is much to be gained on both sides, and nothing to be lost which either side ought to seek to retain. And to facilitate such arrangements as may best secure this end certain articles in the convention were expressly framed.\n\nThe treatment of claims against Chinese you are perfectly justified in saying, calls for improvement, and the subject with all the difficulties attaching to it has not been overlooked on the revision of the Treaty. I believe the adoption of a written commercial code and the constitution of International Mixed Courts, with fixed Rules of practice, to offer the only practical remedy for the abuses now existing; and the first part of this programme has been provided for in the convention.\n\nYou call my attention lastly to the disadvantage under which the British flag as compared with that of other nationalities labours in the traffic with our own possessions at the Straits. I have received similar representations from Amoy, and the whole subject has been under consideration. It is obvious however that legislative action at home is required to provide a remedy, and I have already taken the necessary steps to bring the matter clearly before the proper authorities.\n\n-I have the honor to be Gentlemen,\n\nYour obedient servant,\n\nRUTHERFORD ALCOCK.\n\nPRINTED AT THE \"DAILY PRESS\" OFFICE, WYNDHAM STREET, HONGKONG.\n\nPage 270\n\nPage 271", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-143 - Sir MacDonnell - 1870 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 281772, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-144 - Sir MacDonnell & Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1870 [3-5]", "page_number": 334, "title": "CO129-144 - Sir MacDonnell & Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1870 [3-5]", "content_text": "# Historical Account of the Collision between the Steamer Bombay and the American Man-of-War Oneida\n\nThat the Steamer Bombay on the night of the 24th of January, 1870, in the bay of Yedo, on a starlight, stormless night, in a deep water channel several miles in width, collided with the American Man-of-War Oneida, causing her to sink in about twenty fathoms of water; and besides entailing her loss, also caused the untimely death of one hundred and twelve men is an historical fact.\n\nThat this steamer, of much superior tonnage to the Oneida; an iron vessel with a crew of ninety-three men, and equipped with seven boats, after this collision stood on into port without lowering a boat or changing her course or making a signal, stands also admitted. That anchoring in a harbour surrounded by men of war of nearly all nations, and with the Representatives of nearly all nations within easy communication, these officers saw proper to give no alarm during that entire night of what had occurred, but left the information of this most serious affair to reach those authorities by means of the efforts of survivors of the Oneida, and contented themselves with simply mentioning the circumstance of a collision having occurred, in such a manner as to give rise to no serious apprehension, and sending a similar message to the office of the P. & O. S. N. Co. thereof, connecting it with the quieting assurance that the Bombay had sustained no material damage.\n\nThat the Bombay, without any repairs, was able to, and did, on the following morning proceed to the scene of collision in safety and return here, are also unquestionable facts in the case.\n\nThese facts, taken in connection with the exhibit of the Engineer's log of the Bombay, which, being entered up within a very few minutes after the collision, reads that about 6.15 o'clock of that day or evening her engines were stopped and that about 6.19 o'clock following were started ahead again (which I take for granted will be by all unbiased minds considered as conclusive evidence of the length of the delay made by the Bombay at the time of the collision. Indeed whether such action resulted in any actual stoppage of the headway of that steamer which admittedly was proceeding before that time at the rate of seven and a half to eight and a half knots per hour, I leave to your honors to decide); and that the Oneida was heard by the officers of the Bombay to hail that steamer, and which fact was at once reported to her commander, make up a sum of facts which alone must shock the sensibilities of mankind. Thus, leaving out of consideration in this case the question as to whether the Bombay's commanding officer saw the horrid rent in the Oneida's quarter that at least some of their subalterns and one passenger saw: whether they heard the repeated hail of the Oneida's officers or heard her whistle or heard her guns said to be so plainly heard by many others much further off and in the same direction that the Bombay was from the Oneida; also setting aside as but the ebullition of fretfulness, the remarks of her Captain to the effect that \"he had cut the whole quarter off of a damned yankee frigate\" and \"that he had served her well as he met her with her helm a starboard;\" and also disregarding his refusal the next morning when requested by H. M.'s Senior Naval officer of this station to proceed to the scene of the disaster to rescue any survivors that might be found, and his protest against obeying even the order of the Agent of his company so to do; this court must find a sufficiency of grave and accepted truths, upon which, in passing, you must solemnly impress the seal of your approval or condemnation; thereby perhaps committing at least one of the greatest maritime nations of the world to the policy marked out by your decision.\n\nI quite agree with the idea that the object of all law is not vengeance but justice. That punishments are inflicted not that pain may be caused but that wrongs through fear of punishments may be prevented. I ask nothing at your hands from vengeance sake or from illwill to the accused. On the contrary, with you I would and will, so far as it may be done, throw the mantle of charity over all that it can be made conscientiously to cover; but I would that international law—that bond of union of all nations, that has no origin but common consent and common custom; has that no common arbiter; that is in fact but a great national moral code; may not be made powerless to punish crimes and prevent wrongs of a nature such as this; which, if allowed are liable at any time again to spread desolation and misery in numberless houses, besides seriously involving the amicable relations of Governments themselves.\n\nWith these hastily expressed views, without argument of evidence or weighing of disputed facts; to a British Tribunal and to British justice I submit this cause for judgment.\n\n## MR. BARNARD's Address to the Court\n\nMR. BARNARD then addressed the Court as follows:\n\nWith regard to what has fallen from Mr. De Long who represents the survivors and their friends, upon this Inquiry, which, no doubt, involves the important question as to the cause of the collision and the loss of life and valuable property, I feel, so far as the real and true questions at issue for your consideration are concerned, I have not so difficult or arduous task as I might have had to perform, for the reason that you are all quite competent from your nautical knowledge to decide fairly and equitably; and that whatever may have been your views, impressions or sentiments previously, you will only be guided by the evidence, and not led away by the excitement of public outcry, or other sentimental or clamorous influences; but will calmly arrive at an equitable, just and satisfactory conclusion. And, in passing, I would say that I have failed to discover that this Inquiry merits any international notice or demands special distinction from other like collisions and occurrences; and I cannot myself see, what international issues, rights, liabilities or duties are involved.\n\nIn endeavouring to marshall the evidence given at this Inquiry, I would fain divide it into two separate parts, as follows:\n\n1. As to what took place on board the Strs., Bombay and Oneida immediately pending their coming in view of each other, up to the time of actual colliding; in order to ascertain if it was caused by the persons in command and on board of the Steamer Bombay? or if not, through whose default or negligence it was caused?\n2. As to the conduct of the Commander of the Bombay, Captain Eyre, after the collision; and whether he was justified from any cause or causes, (stating them, considering his damages and all attendant circumstances) in not going back, immediately after the collision, (when he had casually examined his own damage), to look for the Str., Oneida, and offer assistance in case of need.\n\nAs to the first proposition this will call for only a few remarks; from the fact that you are better qualified as judges in nautical matters, to decide whether my client acted as became a seaman and navigator, and obeyed in every particular, the international rules of the road, by steering his vessel on the starboard side, but within the fairway, of this intricate, dangerous and narrow channel; which neither he, nor his officers or crew, had ever before penetrated.\n\nThe evidence of the officers, crew and persons on board the Str., Bombay, shows, that Captain Eyre was most cautious, careful and prudent; being himself on the bridge, at his post of duty, with the Pilot, for a length of time before the occurrence; having all the officers and crew planted on watch at their respective stations; neglecting no usually observed precaution in entering and pursuing this circuitous channel. The night was dark; when suddenly the commander and his numerous men on the lookout discerned a bright light ahead, coming towards them, and gradually they discovered a strange Steamer's light slightly on their port bow; and seeing that if the two vessels continued their respective courses, they would either meet end on end, or pass so near as to involve the risk of a collision.\n\nThe evidence before you gentlemen, clearly shows what took place on board the Str., Bombay, by the testimony of Captain Eyre and of those persons on duty under his orders, corroborated by the passengers, who are disinterested. And I may say that all the persons from the Str., Bombay have given their evidence distinctly and clearly, without any sort of evasion or discrepancy. They have, one and all, stated on oath, that some minutes before the collision, Captain Eyre saw the Oneida's three lights ahead, about half a point on his port bow, and immediately ordered his helm to be put to port, (which, like every other order given on board, was promptly and energetically obeyed), and kept it so until the Oneida's green light was shut in; and when the pilot remarked they were well clear of her, the Captain's reply was \"Port still, let her go a little further.\" But all to no purpose. The Oneida came right across the Bombay, opening her starboard light, and closing her port one; when the Bombay's steam whistle was sounded, and her engines were stopped. But the Oneida still came on with all canvass set; and going before a strong N. E. breeze under sail and steam and consequently out of sight and hearing, in no time, before they had time either to see or hear anything in the way of sounds or signals.\n\n| Vessel | Action Taken |\n|---------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| Bombay | Ordered helm to port upon seeing Oneida's lights ahead on port bow |\n| Oneida | Starboarded helm instead of porting it as per navigator's instruction |\n\nThe ill-fated Oneida; being without any proper head person, or Commander in charge, came flying along at a great rate of speed, while the executive and navigating, as well as all the other officers, excepting Mr. Yates, who was alone on duty on deck, were down below at their dinner; and he, having, just before starboarded his helm, instead of porting it, at the instance of the Navigating officer who had taken a glance and fancied he saw the Bombay's green light in the hurry of the moment; when in point of fact, it was his red light and that on his port bow.\n\nAgain, his evidence upon other less important matters was conflicting, and therefore unsatisfactory. He, no doubt, desired to be candid and tell plainly all he knew but let us see what were his means of acquaintance with what he narrated to the Court? I believe that Mr. Yates intently persuaded himself that Mr. Muldaur, the navigator, had seen the Bombay's green light before he went down to dinner; but, in fact, the Bombay was then far off; and had only just shown her bright light when Mr. Muldaur went below saying he thought it was her green light.\n\nYOUR HONOUR AND GENTLEMEN, with regard to the second question, which in the eyes of public opinion, is more important than the first proposition; viz. Was Captain Eyre, under the circumstances of his having received bad injuries to his own vessel, (the extent of which might have been much greater, and the extent and nature of which could not be found out in, say, about ten minutes--the time the Bombay stopped after the collision), to blame for going on without tendering assistance by turning his vessel round, and endeavouring to find and overtake the injured one? And further, what would have been the result, could the steamer Bombay's damages have been in open channel overhauled, so as to be enabled to learn the real and true damage, and had the Bombay put back instead of coming on?\n\nPage 332", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-144 - Sir MacDonnell & Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1870 [3-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 283079, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-147 - Public Offices - 1870", "page_number": 287, "title": "CO129-147 - Public Offices - 1870", "content_text": "## Supplementary Convention to the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation of June 26, 1858, between Great Britain and China\n\nThese on the mainland, by foreign machinery, together with the abolition of all duty on foreign coal, as well as a reduction of duty on the native produce, will have very beneficial effects, and were desirable in themselves.\n\nThe conditional and qualified right of temporary residence, and inland navigation in foreign-owned vessels, if judiciously and quietly worked, will, I am satisfied, give foreign merchants all they can reasonably desire, and quite as much as they are in a position to turn to any good account for the present. It is too much to expect, however, that they will think so.\n\nThe introduction of a steam-tug for their use on the Poyang Lake may not be very valuable as a means of towing cargo-boats of tea, but as the first step towards familiarizing the Chinese authorities and people with steam-vessels in the inland waters, I think the concession far from unimportant.\n\nThe adoption of a written code of commercial law, in like manner, is more important for what it may lead to, than for any immediate results. From a commercial to a civil and criminal code, founded on European principles, and an international court for its administration in all mixed cases between foreigners and natives, there are but two steps; and these once gained, extra-territoriality may be dispensed with, and the greatest impediment to inland residence and unwillingness on the part of the Chinese officials to see the foreigner located in the provinces will disappear.\n\nFor these various advances in the path of progress and other concessions we have had to give something in return. A small increase in the duty of the two products, one Indian and the other Chinese, which, from their great value, can best bear it, has been the price paid. It is very certain, however distasteful to the merchants any increase may be, that not a pound less of either opium or silk will be in demand, even if it increase the price, by that amount, in the one case, and 1 per cent. in the other, cannot, in any perceptible degree, diminish the profits of those who deal in them. Moreover, it was a case in which the British Representative could not, as the Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for Trade remark in regard to another article, tea, refuse a revision on any ground of reason or equity.\n\nOn opium it is a matter of great indifference what import duty is levied while the Chinese Government has the acknowledged right to lay on any tax they please the moment it leaves the foreign importers' hands. Indeed, in the interest of India and our Indian revenue, anything calculated to give the Chinese Government an interest in the importation of the foreign article is by so much an advantage to the trade, as supplying a motive for checking the growth of the native produce, which has recently extended so greatly as to threaten the whole Indian trade, as I more particularly explained in my despatch No. 122 of the 13th instant, inclosing a reply to the Indian Government on the subject.\n\nAs to silk, the argument on the Chinese side was irresistible. It was an article of so much value and in such great demand that it could well bear a heavy duty. The present duty was actually below the scale of 5 per cent, adopted as the average for all exports and imports, and for both these reasons they were well entitled to demand an increased rate to bring it up to that average. Considering that they desired to double the duty on tea, silk, and opium, and had a direct interest in doing so, I think they showed great moderation in being finally contented with so little. Indeed, the total prohibition of opium, the restriction of missionaries from inland residence, and the abolition of all extra-territoriality being the three cardinal points and chief objects of desire with the Chinese Government and all the official hierarchy, it must be matter of congratulation that they have not insisted upon any one of these as a condition of revision; that is, a revision in the sense which we alone contemplated or desired.\n\nBesides the small increase in duty on these two articles, nothing has been conceded on our part but the plainest of all international rights, if there is to be any principle of reciprocity recognized in our relations with China, viz., the right to appoint Consuls in the British dominions. I have not for a moment forgotten the expressed wish of the Board of Trade that there should be no increase in the scale of duties, and the last instruction conveyed in your Lordship's despatch No. 141 of the 4th of August, indicating a doubt as to the expediency of allowing a Chinese Consul to be appointed at Hong Kong; but this last could hardly be refused with any show of reason or justice; and as to the inconveniences to be anticipated—even supposing this Government should be prompt to avail themselves of the privilege, which is doubtful—I believe these will be found on experience, to be more or less chimerical. Hong Kong is confessedly a great smuggling depôt; and the Chinese revenue, it is calculated, lose more than a quarter of a million annually in Customs revenue from its proximity to the mainland. It is natural, therefore, that they should desire to put a stop to it; and, as your Lordship's despatch No. 158 of the 20th of August last, with its inclosures, plainly shows, they are prepared to take as determined measures to check it as the Chinese smugglers are taking to carry it on by force. These things being so, it is much better, I conceive, that we should aid them, by legal and peaceable means, to control the smuggling proclivities of their own subjects sailing and trading from our Colony where there is a free port, than compel them to plant taxing stations, farmed out to unscrupulous guilds or Companies, and arm European-built ships of war to run \"amuck\" on all native vessels leaving the harbour of Hong Kong. Indeed, this course is so clearly laid down in the above-cited despatch of your Lordship that I may congratulate myself on having, as I trust, fully anticipated the wishes of Her Majesty's Government by providing, in the Convention for more satisfactory arrangements than those hitherto existing between the Chinese and the British Colonial authorities.\n\nIf the Consul appointed by the Chinese Government should, by controlling the smuggling propensities of his own countrymen in league with the foreign merchant, inflict any injury on Hong Kong by greatly diminishing illicit traffic, the concession contained in the Vth Article of the present Convention, giving to Hong Kong the much-desired privileges of a Chinese port in matters of transhipment, will go far to counterbalance any damage from effective action on the part of the Chinese authorities against smuggling. The legitimate trade can only gain by the measures proposed, and the suppression of that which is illicit will go far to put an end to the hostile feeling, of the existence of which, as your Lordship justly remarks, there can be no doubt.\n\nFinally, these three concessions constituted the price demanded; for all the Chinese were willing, or could be induced to grant in the interest of foreign trade. Have we paid too dear? I think the advantages we have gained so far preponderate over the little that has been yielded, as to leave no doubt on the subject.\n\nI cannot close this review of the long protracted negotiations and their result in the Convention, without bringing to the notice of Her Majesty's Government the valuable assistance I have received from Mr. Frater, Second Secretary attached to this Legation, and Mr. Adkins, the Acting Chinese Secretary. The latter has officiated as interpreter throughout, both in the Commission and at the Yamên. Much of the labour of the whole has devolved upon these two gentlemen, and I cannot speak too highly of their unwearied zeal and assiduity.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) \nRUTHERFORD ALCOCK\n\n## Inclosure 1.\n\n**Supplementary Convention to the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation of June 26, 1858, between Great Britain and China**\n\nHER Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the Emperor of China, desiring to secure the better execution of the Treaty of Commerce concluded between them on the 26th of June, 1858, have resolved, in accordance with the provision made in the XXVIIth Article to the effect that either of the High Contracting Parties may demand a further revision of the Tariff and of the Commercial Articles of that Treaty at the end of ten years,” to negotiate a complementary arrangement, and they have for that purpose named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say:\n\nHer Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Sir Rutherford Alcock, Knight Commander of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath, Her said Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to His Majesty the Emperor of China;\n\nAnd His Majesty the Emperor of China, His Imperial Highness (Ho-shuo) Prince of Kung, Wen Hsiang, President of the Board of Civil Office; Pao Chun, President of the Board of Revenue; Tung Hsün, President of the Board of Revenue; Tan Ting Hsiang, President of the Board of Punishment; and Chung Lün, President of the Colonial Office;\n\nPage 285 \nPage 70", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-147 - Public Offices - 1870.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 283085, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-147 - Public Offices - 1870", "page_number": 293, "title": "CO129-147 - Public Offices - 1870", "content_text": "# \n\ndiately secures. From a commercial code, derived from European systems of commercial law, to a civil and criminal code, such as has been long adopted in Turkey and this obtained, international Courts for mixed cases, there is but a short step. For its administration with fixed rules of procedure, such as are now in contemplation for Egypt by common consent, will follow in natural course, and prepare the way for either the modification or total abolition of extraterritorial rights in China, and the gradual assimilation of two races in their laws and administration. This will remove, at the same time, one of the greatest obstacles to improved relations with the Chinese Government, and more free access to the interior.\n\n## \n\n13. Coal-mines are to be opened at Kien-yung, in Che-kiang, Lo-ping, on the Poyang Lake, and Kelung, in Formosa, with an understanding that they shall be efficiently worked, with the aid of foreign skill and machinery.\n\n14. Two new ports are to be opened -- Wen-chow, in exchange for Kiung-chow, in Hainan, which has never been thought worth opening; and Wuhu, on the Yang-tsze, between Chin-kiang and Kiu-kiang.\n\nThe first is equivalent to subsidizing a line of steamers between Foo-chow and Shanghae, both of which places desire a rapid and regular communication. It will also afford a ready exit for a kind of tea that reaches Foo-chow only after a long, circuitous, and expensive route; and it is the port of a comparatively wealthy and populous district.\n\nThe latter port is more especially valuable in connection with the arrangements made for the collection of the transit dues at the port of entry, as it adds the Province of Anhui to the other eight maritime provinces, in which foreign textile fabrics are to pass free without any transit pass.\n\n15. The right of transhipment at Hong Kong for the Chinese ports, so much desired by the British and foreign merchants, has been conceded.\n\n16. A rule has been framed, by which vessels trading to Batavia, Bangkok, Singapore, Malacca, and Penang, will share the privilege of only paying tonnage dues once every four months, now limited to vessels going to Japan, the Amour, Hong Kong, Manilla, and Saigon.\n\n## 11 \n\n17. It is agreed that the Customs shall draw up rules fixing the touch of sycee to be received on the payment of duties, by the bank, at each port, and thus determine in some definite manner, in the absence of coinage, what relation local sycee bears to the Customs standard.\n\nThese are the chief concessions on the Chinese side; in return for which, additional rights and privileges beyond what has been secured by any antecedent Treaty, neither few nor unimportant, in my conception, it has been agreed that the following changes of Tariff, &c., shall take place:-\n\n1. An increased rate of duty on opium and silk. On the first an increase from 30 to 50 taels per 100 catties, equivalent to an increase of 24 per cent, ad valorem. On silk, raw and thrown, a duty of 20 taels per 100 catties; on yellow silk from Szechuen 10 taels; making an increase of a little over 1 per cent, on both kinds (say 14), both still being taxed somewhat under the general scale adopted on the signature of the Treaties, of 5 per cent. ad valorem.\n\nIn both articles, opium and silk, considering their high value, so small an increase of duty is unlikely to diminish, by a single ounce, or in any sensible degree, the profits of those who deal in them.\n\n2. Passports and transit papers are to be valid only for twelve months, and to be returned within thirteen. This merely gives authority for what has already been practised.\n\n3. The right is conceded to China of appointing Consuls in the British dominions.\n\n4. British merchant-vessels shall report to the Customs their port of destination, and shall hand in export manifests when about to clear. The Treaty had not provided for this; and there is no reason for refusing it, as it entails no sacrifice on the merchant.\n\nThe principal points of the Convention, to which will be annexed supplementary rules and Tariff, as affecting the articles named, either for reduction or increase, have now been passed in review. Considering how much has been conceded by the Chinese, and how few and unimportant the changes which they have insisted upon in return, either on grounds of reciprocity, or expediency, I think it is a subject for congratulation that they have been so moderate in their demands, and rested content with so much less than they are well known to desire.\n\nIt is very true, that the utmost to be obtained from their concessions falls very far short of the demands and wishes of the Memorialists. Steam navigation on the inland waters, railroads, and telegraphs, rights of domicile inland, and the working of mines by foreigners, have all been refused as impracticable or inexpedient at present; and Her Majesty's Government have concurred in this view, and withdrawn all demands for any one of them. At the same time, several of the concessions made, tend in this direction, and, if used judiciously, will certainly prepare the way, at no distant period, for farther progress. I think that it is from this point of view their value will be most fairly tested.\n\nOn the other side, if we bear in mind the undisguised desire of the high authorities and of the whole body of educated Chinese, including the literati and gentry as well as the officials of every grade throughout the provinces for the restriction of foreign intercourse to the sea-board, if not, indeed, to a single port, as of old, and the withdrawal of any privileges which would only have been extorted at the cannon's mouth, and by superior force, I think they deserve some credit for their moderation during the present negotiations. The Tsungli Yamên did not indeed disguise their dislike to all the phases of extraterritoriality, the domiciliation of missionaries in the interior, the importation of opium, and the appointment of merchant Consuls; yet they have not pressed demands on any of these points, or sought to make concessions a condition of revision.\n\nA right to appoint Consuls, which they may be very slow to exercise, and a trifling increase of duties on two articles that may yield them some additional Customs revenue, is about the sum of what they have rested content with. That these are neither unreasonable, nor in any sense inequitable, must, I think, be freely admitted; and I confess to a conviction that few European Governments would have contented themselves with so little in the revision of a Treaty containing much that was objectionable to them, more especially when expected to concede still more to the foreigner's advantage.\n\nI shall be glad if you and my other colleagues concur in this view, which, in any case, I felt it to be due to all parties to submit, frankly and freely, for your appreciation.\n\nAfter devoting the best part of two years to the discussion of the various questions at issue, and the endeavour, by friendly negotiations, to bring the Tsungli Yamên to see the expediency of changes favourable to the progress of trade and less restricted intercourse, I can only trust that, upon a review of the whole, the balance of advantages will appear to you, and to my other colleagues, such as to recommend the Convention for general acceptance.\n\nYou will, no doubt, hear from the Tsungli Yamên, and be invited to co-operate to that end, as soon as the instrument shall have been signed by the Prince of Kung and myself, it having been agreed that the High Contracting Parties shall mutually invite each of the Treaty Powers to promote, by their adhesion, its being speedily carried into execution.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\n**(Translation.)**\n\n(Signed) \n\n## Inclosure 3.\n\n**RUTHERFORD ALCOCK.**\n\nThe Tsungli Yamen to Sir R. Alcock.\n\nOctober 23, 1869.\n\nTHE Prince of Kung, Pao, President of the Board of Revenue; Tan, President of the Board of Punishment; Wên, President of the Board of Civil Office; Tung, President of the Board of Revenue; and Chung, President of the Colonial Office, make a communication.\n\nIt is distinctly stipulated in the XVIth Article that the ratification of Convention this day signed shall be exchanged in Peking.\n\nIt is also understood that effect shall not be given to the several Articles except with mutual consent, until a common understanding with the other Treaty Powers has been come to, that their respective subjects in becoming entitled to the rights and advantages therein conceded to British subjects, shall in like manner as these be bound by the conditions thereto attaching. And to promote this end, with the least possible delay, it has been agreed that each of the High Contracting Parties shall communicate the Convention to the other Powers, and invite their adhesion to its terms and conditions.\n\nPage 291 \nPage [70]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-147 - Public Offices - 1870.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 283210, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-147 - Public Offices - 1870", "page_number": 418, "title": "CO129-147 - Public Offices - 1870", "content_text": "# To Messrs BRADLEY AND COMPANY\n\nCANTON, Dec 27th, 1869.\n\nGENTLEMEN,\n\nI have to acknowledge the receipt of the address which circumstances prevented your presenting to me in person during my visit to Swatow.\n\nBy a mutual accord and the adoption of reciprocal measures on the part of the Chinese and the Colonial authorities, I see no reason why the intercourse between Hong Kong and the neighbouring coast should not be placed on a more regular and satisfactory footing, so as to protect the Chinese Revenue without unreasonably obstructing the daily and legitimate traffic between the Colony and the mainland.\n\nI am glad to learn from those who are on the spot that many practical benefits have resulted from the opening of Chao-chow-foo last year, and that the efforts made since to render your communications between the two ports more secure, as well as to remove impediments of various kinds to the development of trade, have not been wholly unsuccessful. Your appreciation of those efforts and ready recognition of the advantages resulting, I beg to assure you, lose none of their value in my estimation from the smallness of the community you represent.\n\nI believe the Viceroy will readily concur in such arrangements as may at the same time be necessary to protect and facilitate the legitimate commerce of the Colony. Both must be provided for, however, if any practical good is to result, and all the advantages of a Treaty Port in China under closely regulated conditions of trade can scarcely be combined with those of a free port in the British dominions which recognizes no Customs' control.\n\nIt is plain that there must be a mutual spirit of accommodation for any settlement to be arrived at. The Chinese are willing to concede a right of transhipment and other conditions of a treaty port to Hong Kong, but the merchants cannot expect to combine all the advantages of a free port with the privileges of a Treaty Port.\n\nWith reference to the various questions raised in the course of your remarks on existing disadvantages to trade, I am not less disposed on that account to give them my best attention. In respect to the levy of octroi duties at Chao-chow-foo on foreign goods, there can be no doubt the foreign merchant is entitled by Treaty to lay down his goods at any Treaty Port without their being subjected to other charge than the payment of the import duty according to Tariff; and Chao-chow-foo being a Treaty Port, the levy of any octroi duty has very properly been resisted by H.M's Acting Consul.\n\nBut, as you observe, the Chinese have many ways of evading in collusion with each other any Customs' tax, or rendering nugatory any regulations. And if exemption of foreign goods makes it impossible to levy an octroi duty on native articles of trade, from the apparent injustice of such a differential duty in favour of the foreigner or his trade, and thus causes a loss of some Taels 20,000 local revenue, as the Chinese authorities declare, it is possible that rather than lose this, they may covertly raise obstacles to the trade in foreign goods either at Chao-chow-foo or in the interior, fatal to its prosperity.\n\nSo far as trade in native junks with the mainland is concerned, a certain regulated right of supervision and control over their own ships and subjects is a necessity and cannot be denied. Its exercise cannot be refused without destroying the Chinese revenue on the one hand and exposing the Treaty ports on the other to a competition on unequal terms, of which you are even now complaining. Nor is any such inequitable arrangement contemplated by Her Majesty's Government.\n\nOn a basis of reciprocal advantage and concession, there is much to be gained on both sides, and nothing to be lost which either side ought to seek to retain. And to facilitate such arrangements as may best secure this end, certain articles in the convention were expressly framed. All foreign textile fabrics shall pass free of all charges in the nine provinces, whether in Chinese or foreign hands, on payment of the Import and Transit duty together, and this without the necessity for any transit pass. The collection of the transit duty on all such foreign goods being thus secured, the one payment is held to be an equivalent for every kind of inland tax that can lawfully be levied.\n\nWith reference to the injury inflicted upon the trade of Swatow by the proximity of Hong Kong and the further facilities afforded by the absence of an effective preventive service, combined with the corrupt practices of the native authorities along the coast for large smuggling operations, I trust something may ultimately be effected to remedy the evil you point out and put the Colony and the Treaty Ports on a more equal footing.\n\nIt is indeed very desirable that steps should be taken with a view to the adoption of more satisfactory arrangements than those now existing between the Chinese and the British Colonial authorities; and I am, in compliance with instructions from Her Majesty's Government, now in communication with His Excellency the Viceroy of the two Provinces with a view to promote this object.\n\nThe treatment of claims against Chinese, you are perfectly justified in saying, calls for improvement, and the subject with all the difficulties attaching to it has not been overlooked on the revision of the Treaty. I believe the adoption of a written commercial code and the constitution of International Mixed Courts, with fixed Rules of practice, to offer the only practical remedy for the abuses now existing; and the first part of this programme has been provided for in the convention.\n\nYou call my attention lastly to the disadvantage under which the British flag as compared with that of other nationalities labours in the traffic with our own possessions at the Straits. I have received similar representations from Amoy, and the whole subject has been under consideration. It is obvious, however, that legislative action at home is required to provide a remedy, and I have already taken the necessary steps to bring the matter clearly before the proper authorities.\n\nI have the honor to be, Gentlemen,\nyour obedient servant,\n**RUTHERFORD ALCOCK**\n\n416", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-147 - Public Offices - 1870.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 286052, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-154 - Public Offices - 1871", "page_number": 8, "title": "CO129-154 - Public Offices - 1871", "content_text": "# House of Commons - Tuesday 20 June 1871.\n\n## SHIPMENT OF COOLIES AT MACAO.\n\nIn answer to Sir J. LAWRENCE, **Lord NAATORBULL-HUGESSEN** said, - The hon. gentleman has called attention to a subject of considerable importance. It involves a legal question which I am not competent to solve, but I will state to the House the bare facts of the case. In January last a Chinese coolie was arrested at Hongkong, charged with piracy and murder committed on board a French vessel, `La Nouvelle Pénélope`. This vessel had been employed in what is called the Coolie Immigration Service, and had on board several hundred coolies, shipped at the Chinese port of Macao, of whom it was alleged about 100 had been kidnapped. It was not pretended that the prisoner was kidnapped, for, in fact, he pleaded an alibi, but was recognized as one of the ringleaders of the party which overpowered the crew of the vessel and murdered the captain and eight seamen. The Chief Justice of Hongkong directed this man to be discharged upon a writ of Habeas Corpus, the main ground of his decision being that persons about to be made slaves had a right to recover their liberty if they could, and that in so doing he had committed no offence over which the Courts of Hongkong had jurisdiction. The Governor, however, upon an information for piracy laid by the Attorney-General under an ordinance in force in the colony, ordered his re-arrest and committal for trial, and the Chief Justice again ordered his discharge. Under these circumstances, the Governor telegraphed home, the opinion of the law officers of the Crown has been taken, and that opinion is to the effect that the crime charged against the prisoner is a crime against the common law of nations, and that he was rightfully arrested, and should be brought to trial for the same.\n\nIn reply to Sir J. LAWRENCE, **Lord ENFIELD** said, - Reports have at different times reached Her Majesty's Government of irregular practices at Macao in regard to the collection and shipment of coolies, and they have brought the same under the notice of the Portuguese Government, who have taken steps through the Governor of Macao for their correction, by framing a code of regulations for the engagement and shipment of coolies, which, it is to be hoped, may prevent the repetition of such abuses. With respect to the French Government, no recent communications have passed on the subject of coolie emigration. With regard to the correspondence referred to by the hon. baronet, such portions of it shall be presented as will not involve any breach of official or international etiquette.\n\nPage 1", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-154 - Public Offices - 1871.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 296400, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-171 - Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [7-11] -- Sir Kennedy - 1875 [12]", "page_number": 131, "title": "CO129-171 - Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [7-11] -- Sir Kennedy - 1875 [12]", "content_text": "(9)\n\n128\n\n(8)\n\n3rd, and to raise the question of Jurisdiction by a direct substantive motion, but he declined to do so.\n\nThis I regret, as it raises the appearance of making use of merely technical grounds to get rid of a difficult and important subject.\n\nThese are the only conditions under which the Court in suits of foreign attachment can award costs or damages.\n\nIt always remains open to an aggrieved Defendant to bring an action for damages, though far be it from me to suggest such a course in the present case. Moreover, I was strongly of the opinion that the Defendant had submitted to the Jurisdiction of the Court repeatedly. Without pointing out the instances at length, I content myself with referring to those enumerated by his Lordship, as to which I entirely concur in all he has said. All these reasons and circumstances led me to the opinion I had come to that the defendant had, to use Mr. Hayllar's words, submitted over and over again to the Jurisdiction of the Court. I am anxious to avoid being supposed for one moment to be expressing an opinion as to the merits of the suit originally, about which I think there is great room for doubt; and especially as to the points raised on behalf of the defendant; I only say that I think they could be ascertained and decided.\n\nThis summons sought to raise the important subjects of the jurisdiction of the Court, and the question of damages, whilst an order of the Court amounting to an order that the suit should proceed to trial was outstanding and not complied with, viz., an order that the suit should be set down for hearing, and also whilst other summoners were outstanding to the spirit of which it was at variance. Both Sir J. Smale and myself had, after much consideration, come to the conclusion that a trial was the only way by which the very difficult points in contention could be ascertained and decided.\n\nThis was by no means our wish, and I now proceed to state the grounds on which I dismissed the summons of April 14th by the order of May 3rd.\n\n[technical grounds. I say \"technical\" because the Court could no doubt have amended the summons so as to get rid of the order to set down for hearing had it pleased to do so. As I pointed out before, I think that I had full power to act alone in this matter and that the absence of the Chief Justice cannot affect the validity of the order of May 3rd.]\n\nHow could the Court decide without a trial whether the King of Annam was a private trader or not? Whether the Dang Wee is a vessel of war belonging to the Annamese Government, or an armed merchant vessel, or whether Paul Nguen Dac was the real owner of the Dang Wee and real debtor or the King in his trading capacity?\n\nThe most conflicting and contradictory affidavits had been put in; and it was not probable that the Court would undertake to decide such grave questions by the light of so-called admissions on the record and doubtful affidavits. Nor, notwithstanding quotations from text books and decisions not exactly in point, could the Court refuse to give the greatest weight to the language of Sir R. Phillimore in his judgment in the case of the Charkich, reported in vol. 42, Law Journal, A.D., p. 36, where he says \"No principle of International Law, and no decided case, and no dictum of Jurists of which I am aware, has gone so far as to authorize a Sovereign Prince, to assume the character of a trader, when it is for his benefit, and when he incurs an obligation to a private subject, to throw off, if I may so speak, his disguise and appear as a Sovereign, claiming for his own benefit, and to the injury of a private person for the first time, all the attributes of his character.\"\n\nThe conclusions and arrangements made have been arrived at by a process of compromises and by that alone—compromises of which (if the learned Attorney General was not a party to it) his client reaps the benefit. To give the defendant costs would be to decide on the merits of the suit without allowing the Plaintiff an opportunity to establish his claim. For these reasons, I am of opinion that the order of May 3rd was good, and that this appeal must be dismissed with costs.\n\nThe learned Attorney-General did not attempt to grapple with an opinion of such high authority, expressed in language so pertinent to the facts of this case, nor did he attempt to reconcile it with his argument. It was yet more improbable that when, by a compromise, the subject matter of any such trial was out of the jurisdiction of the Court, the Court would entertain that very question of jurisdiction for the sole purpose of enabling the defendant indirectly to maintain a claim for costs under sub-section 4 of section 82, which he might make directly and successfully too, provided he could show that the defendant had caused the writ to be set aside or a judgment reserved or varied, meaning, I suppose, a judgment on the subject matter of the attachment.\n\nAs to the application for costs and damages under section 82, sub-section 4, I cannot see how, for reasons already pointed out, the conditions of the Code have been complied with; the defendant has not caused the writ to be set aside nor any judgment given in the suit to be varied.\n\nNB.—In the judgment as it was originally printed, Paul Nguen Dac Hau was stated to have sworn in an affidavit that he bought the Commodore, and that its name was changed to the Dang Wee, which still belonged to him and a partner. This is an error. It was so stated in the Petition by mistake. The statement founded on this error has been struck out.\n\nAPPENDICES.\n\n(APPENDIX A.) [Notice of Motion, 4th March, 1874.] Take Notice that this Honorable Court will be moved before the Honorable John Smale on Friday the 6th day of March instant, at 11 o'clock in the forenoon or so soon after as Counsel can be heard by Mr. Henry Kingsmill Counsel on behalf of His Majesty Tu Duc King of Annam for an order that the Foreign attachment made herein be dissolved forthwith upon the parties consenting to an order as follows:-\n\n1.—The attachment on the steamer shall be dissolved forthwith.\n\n2.—On the payment at Huey of the amount due by the defendant to the plaintiff, all proceedings in this action shall be discontinued, such amount to be ascertained at Huey.\n\n3.—On the payment of the ascertained amount, the plaintiff shall pay the defendant's costs.\n\n4.—The amount due to be ascertained within 3 months and the ascertained amount to be paid within 6 months, such time to commence from the date of the order.\n\n5.—If the amount found to be due shall not be ascertained and paid as aforesaid, then the defendant shall pay to the plaintiff the amount claimed in the writ of summons issued herein together with interest at the rate of 12 per cent. per annum commencing from the 13th October, until payment and all the costs incurred by the plaintiff.\n\n6.—All expenses incurred by the plaintiff or his agent proceeding to and on his returning from Huey to ascertain the amount due shall be borne by him.\n\nThe order to be without prejudice as to the question whether the defendant is or is not an independent Sovereign Prince.\n\nDated this 4th day of March, A.D., 1874,\n\nCALDWELL AND BRERETON,\n\nDefendant's Solicitors. To the Registrar of the Supreme Court, Hongkong.\n\n(APPENDIX B.) [Order 6th of March, 1874, made on notice Appendix A.]\n\nascertained at Huey; that on the payment of the ascertained amount, the plaintiff shall pay the defendant costs in this suit; that the amount due be ascertained within 3 months and the ascertained amount be paid within 6 months, such time to commence from the date of this order; that if the amount found to be due shall not be ascertained and paid as aforesaid, then the defendant shall pay to the plaintiff the amount claimed in the writ of summons issued herein, together with interest at the rate of 12 per cent. per annum, commencing from the 13th October, 1873, until payment, and all the costs incurred by the plaintiff; and that all expenses incurred by the plaintiff or his agent proceeding to and on his returning from Huey to ascertain the amount due shall be borne by the plaintiff.\n\nDated this 6th day of March 1874,\n\nBy the Court,\n\nW. H. ALEXANDER,\n\nRegistrar.\n\n(APPENDIX C.) [Order of second Foreign attachment of the \"Dang Wee.\"]\n\nA question having been raised whether the parties who represented the defendant in this Court were duly authorised by the King of Annam, both parties consenting.\n\nThe Court does order that the foreign attachment suspended be renewed and that the Dang Wee be restored to the custody of the Court upon the foreign attachment as if the order of the 6th March, 1874, had not been made.\n\nLet all parties and persons have liberty to proceed by themselves or their agents to Annam and make such arrangement there as they shall respectively be advised and come to.\n\nLet the proceedings thus suspended be subject to the further order of this Court.\n\nTHOS. C. HAYLLAR,\n\nCounsel for the Plaintiff. HENRY KINGSMILL,\n\nCounsel for the Defendant.\n\n(APPENDIX D.)\n\nA summons in the common Form issued by Messrs. Stephens and Holmes dated 25th January, 1875 to Messrs. Caldwell and Brereton to show cause why the former should not be appointed defendant's attorneys in this cause in the stead of the former upon payment to Messrs. Caldwell and Brereton of their costs in this suit.\n\n(APPENDIX E.)\n\nOn hearing Mr. Henry Kingsmill Counsel for the defendant, and the Honorable Thomas Child Hayllar Counsel for the plaintiff, and by consent of the parties, the defendant protesting that his rights and status of an independent Sovereign Prince are not affected hereby otherwise than for the purposes of this cause, it is ordered that the attachment on the steamer shall be dissolved forthwith; that on the payment at Huoy of the amount due by the defendant to the plaintiff, all proceedings in this action shall be discontinued, such amount to be ascertained at Huoy.\n\n[Order made on summons in Appendix D] Upon the application of Counsel for the defendant, and upon reading two affidavits of Lai Dui, filed respectively the 26th day of January, and 2nd day of February, 1875. It is hereby ordered that Messrs. Stephens and Holmes be...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-171 - Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [7-11] -- Sir Kennedy - 1875 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 296458, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-171 - Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [7-11] -- Sir Kennedy - 1875 [12]", "page_number": 189, "title": "CO129-171 - Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [7-11] -- Sir Kennedy - 1875 [12]", "content_text": "125\n\nmust have been proceeded with, and upon which the plaintiff's asked for a commission to examine a witness in France.\n\nFor all or some or one of these reasons I am of opinion that the petition must be dismissed, and with costs.\n\nThe Attorney General (addressing the Chief Justice) said: \"You have said several times in the course of your judgment that 'the Attorney General was improperly instructed.' I wish to say that I was as fully instructed as Messrs. Stephens and Holmes could instruct me; and if there was any fault, the fault lies entirely with myself.\n\nJUDGMENT BY MR. JUSTICE SNOWDEN. Mr. Justice Snowden then read the following judgment:\n\nThis is an appeal against an order made by me in the course of this suit on May 3rd, 1875. I have nothing to contribute to the very exhaustive account His Lordship has drawn up of this singular case except a narrative of the facts for which I am personally responsible. On a careful reconsideration of the various elements in this case, the reasons on which the order of May 3rd were made seem good, and I quite concur in the additional arguments provided by the Chief Justice.\n\nThe primary proceedings in this suit took place about 18 months before my arrival in the Colony, and I believe that I first took part in sitting with His Lordship to hear two summonses dated April 14th, 1874, calling on the defendant to show cause why he should not be restrained from future proceedings until he had given security for costs, and the second calling on defendant to show cause why a commission should not issue for the examination of Eugene Schwever resident at Paris; the third was a summons of a later date issued on the part of the defendant calling on the plaintiff to show cause why the Court should not decide as to its jurisdiction in the matter of this suit, and why the Writs of Attachment dated October 11th, 1873, and April 14th, 1874, should not be set aside, and why the Court should not award to the defendant and the plaintiff pay to the defendant all costs and charges incurred by the defendant in relation to this suit, together with such damages as the Court might award on account of this suit and the two said Writs of Attachment.\n\nA few days before, an order had been obtained by the defendant, on consent of the plaintiff's counsel, that the cause should be set down on the hearing paper, and it was accordingly transferred to that paper from the hearing list, a day only remaining to be fixed. In my opinion, there was an implied undertaking with the Court and with the other side to proceed to trial and to interpose no vexatious delay.\n\nBy arrangement, the three summonses to which I have referred, came on for hearing together before the full Court on April 16th.\n\nThe 3rd summons was first heard, its subject matter being decisive of the other two. Mr. Hayllar, QC, showed cause against the summons, and the learned Attorney General was heard in support; the latter argued that the King of Annam was a Sovereign Prince, and that on the face of the record there were sufficient admissions of the Sovereignty to justify the Court in setting aside the Writs of October 1873 and April 1874 and awarding costs and damages to the defendant. The Court adjourned as usual, and after the adjournment, the argument was resumed.\n\nThe Annamese interested in the case being present, suggestions for an arrangement were once more thrown out by the Court.\n\nHaving observed that Mr. Landstein in his affidavit stated that the Dang Wee is now worth only $12,000, and as that was all he could expect to make out of the vessel under any circumstances, I asked Mr. Hayllar whether, on good security to the amount of $15,000 being given, he would consent to the Court releasing the Dang Wee. He at once consented, and on the Court calling up Paul Nguyen Duc Han (the Annamese merchant in whose transactions with Landstein these proceedings originated), he expressed his willingness to provide security for that amount.\n\nHe named Lai Duc, the Minister of the King, as his security. The latter, on being questioned, said that he was willing to become security. That the King of Annam had seized property of Paul Nguyen Duc Han worth $20,000 and property of his, as I understood, in the hands of two other parties to the value of $10,000 each. After some discussion, the terms were altered, and Paul Nguyen Duc Han offered or agreed to enter into a Bond to pay to the plaintiff $60,000 and Lai Duc consented to become his surety for that amount.\n\nIt should here be remarked that Paul Nguyen Duc Han reiterated his assertion that the debt was his and not the King's.\n\nIn an affidavit filed on April 13th, 1875, this man had also sworn in direct contradiction to the affidavits of Lai Duc, the minister, and Le Ting Choi, the Interpreter, and in defiance of the whole case set up by the learned Attorney General, that the Dang Wee belonged to him and not to the King. He says that in 1870 and 1871, he had transactions with Landstein & Co. He says: \"I also, in connexion with an Annamese, Ngo wai, purchased a small steamer called Commodore, and such steamer was bought in the names of myself and the said Ngo wai, and was a private speculation.\" He goes on to say: \"The name of Commodore was changed to Dang Wee,\" (as is now conceded on both sides, although by an error of the gentleman who conducted the case for the defendant at an earlier period, this was denied).\n\nIn paragraph 3, Paul Nguyen Duc Han says: \"The said steamer has been ever since the time of the purchase, and is now the property of myself and the said Ng Wai.\" As Paul Nguyen Duc admitted the debt to Messrs. Landstein, Hay, and was ready to give security for the payment of $60,000, and Mr. Hayllar consented to accept these terms, it seemed to me most desirable that, on the execution of the Bond, the Dang Wee, the great bone of contention, should be released.\n\nThe learned Attorney-General declined to take any part in the arrangement and protested against it, claiming to reserve a demand for costs and damages. There was a slight difference of opinion between the Chief Justice and myself. His Lordship felt so strongly that the arrangement ought to be a final settlement and conclusion of this protracted litigation, that he declined to be a party to any arrangement falling short of that.\n\nI quite coincided in the opinion that any settlement should be a final settlement, but, inasmuch as the arrangement was in course of being made between the plaintiff and Paul Nguyen Duc Han primarily, as the learned counsel for the King declined to be a party to it, whilst Lai Duc, who instructed him, became the security in his official capacity, it seemed to me that it would be better to get rid of the Dang Wee at all events and let the Attorney General apply for costs afterwards if he thought right to do so. The Chief Justice retained the very strong opinion he had expressed and declared that he would not take a part in a compromise of which, not being defined in its terms, he disapproved, but, seeing that the parties desired to perfect the compromise, he left the Bench, placing in my hands the future conduct of the proceedings then before the Court.\n\nAlthough able personally to sanction it, His Lordship, by leaving the Bench, abstained from obstructing a compromise. By the proposed arrangement, the primary object of the summons, the release of the Dang Wee, would be obtained as the result of a compromise between the parties entering into it.\n\nThe Chief Justice having left the Court, I called up the Annamese and caused the interpreter to explain to them, in the clearest way, what the terms of the proposed arrangements were, and told them that if the Bond was executed and security given as promised, the Court would restore the Dang Wee to their possession. I then adjourned the further hearing for one week to April 23rd. On that day, all the parties appeared before me in Court, the learned Attorney General being present all the time, but stating that he did not then appear. The Bond, which had been prepared by the solicitors for the King of Annam, was produced and approved of by Mr. Hayllar for the plaintiff, and, after being once more explained to the Annamese, who entirely understood and assented to the terms, it was executed by Paul Nguyen Duc Han as principal and Lai Duc as surety, who affixed his official seal.\n\nI then signed an order to the Sheriff to release the ship. It was taken possession of by Lai Duc at once, and the King of Annam's flag hoisted. This source of such protracted and intricate litigation has since left Hong Kong harbor for Annam. As soon as the order had been signed, the Attorney General applied to me to hear the adjourned argument on the summons of April 14th, and I adjourned the further hearing to May 3rd.\n\nOn May 3rd, I again sat alone. The Attorney General objected that a single judge ought not to hear the adjourned summons. I held that one Judge was sufficient under the provisions of the Code, and the argument proceeded under protest.\n\nThe learned Attorney General then applied to the Court to decide as to its jurisdiction, and to award costs to defendant under sub-section 4 of section 82 of the Code, and to dissolve the two writs of attachment. Mr. Hayllar objected that the ship, the subject matter of the suit, was now out of the jurisdiction of the Court, and security for a sum of money had been accepted, and that the suit was practically at an end.\n\nAfter hearing the arguments on both sides, I made an order dismissing the summons and all the outstanding summonses, notices, and motions. At this time, there were outstanding and awaiting the decision of the Court, two summonses on the part of the plaintiff, one to obtain a commission to examine Mr. Schwever, a second to compel the defendant to give security for costs; on the part of the defendant, the summons in question, and a motion subsequently dated April 20th, filed to the same effect, and there was an order of the Court that the suit should be put down for hearing, granted on the application of the learned Attorney-General, and by consent of Mr. Hayllar, the spirit of which order had never been practically acted on.\n\nA petition of appeal against this order was lodged and came out for hearing before the full Court on May 13th. The grounds are set out in the petition. The facts connected with the hearing of the summons of April 12th, as before narrated, are all set out, as well as the order made by me on May 3rd.\n\nThe petitioner complains that he is aggrieved by that order, and alleges that the same is erroneous as far as it orders that the summons of the defendant of the 12th April should be dismissed.\n\nIt states that the appeal is necessary by reason of the presence of only one judge at part of the hearing and the making of the said order.\n\nThe prayer of the Petition is that the said summons may be re-heard, and that the full Court will decide as to its jurisdiction in the matter of the suit, and award to the Petitioner all costs and charges incurred by him in relation to this suit, together with such damages as the Court may think fit to award on account of this suit and the two writs of attachment.\n\nThe argument of the learned Attorney-General occupied the greater part of the sitting of the Court during two days, May 13th and 14th, and certain written arguments, which had been prepared by Mr. Kingsmill when acting as Counsel for the defendant, and by Mr. Hayllar early in the suit, were also adopted.\n\nI will only say that those very learned and complete arguments, and the very able argument addressed to the Court by the learned Attorney-General, would have made a greater impression on my mind at an earlier stage of the case.\n\nAs to the latter argument, I may remark that, whilst it dealt very ably and fully with the question of the immunity of Sovereign Princes from the action of sovereign tribunals in case of debts, and of the King of Annam as one, it very skilfully avoided handling the real issues in the case—viz: whether, though a Sovereign Prince, the King had not incurred liability to Messrs. Landstein as a private trader, and whether he had not submitted to the jurisdiction of the Court.\n\nThe question of how far the King is a private trader could not be decided without a trial; and Mr. Hayllar showed with unanswerable force that the defendant had submitted over and over again to the jurisdiction of the Court.\n\nDuring the course of the argument, the Court strongly urged the learned Attorney General to detach the question of Jurisdiction from the question of the soundness of the order of May 3rd, and to raise the question of Jurisdiction by a direct substantive motion, but he declined to do so.\n\nThis I regret, as it raises the appearance of making use of merely technical grounds to get rid of a difficult and important subject.\n\nThis was by no means our wish, and I now proceed to state the grounds on which I dismissed the summons of April 14th by the order of May 3rd.\n\nThis summons sought to raise the important subjects of the jurisdiction of the Court, and the question of damages, whilst an order of the Court amounting to an order that the suit should proceed to trial was outstanding and not complied with, viz., an order that the suit should be set down for hearing, and also whilst other summonses were outstanding, to the spirit of which it was at variance. Both Sir J. Smale and myself had, after much consideration, come to the conclusion that a trial was the only way by which the very difficult points in contention could be ascertained and decided.\n\nHow could the Court decide without a trial whether the King of Annam was a private trader or not? Whether the Dang Wee is a vessel of War belonging to the Annamese Government, or an armed merchant vessel, or whether Paul Nguyen Duc was the real owner of the Dang Wee and real debtor, or for the King in his trading capacity? The most conflicting and contradictory affidavits had been put in, and when an affidavit of Paul Nguyen Duc Han was before our eyes, claiming \"The Dang Wee as his private property,\" it was plain that the Court would undertake to decide such grave questions by the light of the so-called admissions on the record and doubtful affidavits. Nor, notwithstanding quotations from text books and decisions not exactly in point, could the Court refuse to give the greatest weight to the language of Sir R. Phillimore in his judgment in the case of the Charkieh, reported in vol. 42, Law Journal, A.D., p. 36, where he says: \"No principle of International Law, and no decided case, and no dictum of Jurists of which I am aware, has gone so far as to authorize a Sovereign Prince, to assume the character of a trader, when it is for his benefit, and when he incurs an obligation to a private subject, to throw off, if I may so speak, his disguise and appear as a Sovereign, claiming for his own benefit, and to the injury of a private person for the first time, all the attributes of his character.\"\n\nThe learned Attorney-General did not attempt to grapple with an opinion of such high authority, expressed in language so pertinent to the facts of this case, nor did he attempt to reconcile it with his argument. It was yet more improbable that, when by a compromise, the subject matter of any such trial was out of the jurisdiction of the Court, the Court would entertain that very question of jurisdiction for the sole purpose of enabling the defendant indirectly to maintain a claim for costs under sub-section 4 of section 82, which he might make directly and successfully too, provided he could show that the defendant had caused the writ to be set aside or a judgment reserved or varied, meaning, I suppose, a judgment on the subject matter of the attachment.\n\nThese are the only conditions under which the Court, in suits of foreign attachment, can award costs or damages.\n\nIt always remains open to an aggrieved Defendant to bring an action for damages, though far be it from me to suggest such a course in the present case. Moreover, I was strongly of opinion that the Defendant had submitted to the Jurisdiction of the Court repeatedly. Without pointing out the instances at length, I content myself with referring to those enumerated by His Lordship, as to which I entirely concur in all he has said. All these reasons and circumstances led me to the opinion I had come to, that the defendant had, to use Mr. Hayllar's words, submitted over and over again to the Jurisdiction of the Court. I am anxious to avoid being supposed for one moment to be expressing an opinion as to the merits of the suit originally, about which I think there is great room for doubt; and especially as to the points raised in behalf of the defendant; I only say that I think them, at this late period in the suit, out of time and out of place.\n\nWith these strong opinions, and especially with the conviction on my mind that this suit could not be satisfactorily settled, as to the many difficult questions arising out of it, without a long and costly trial, the first step in which must be a commission to take the evidence of Mr. Schwever in Paris, and remembering that an order of the Court that a trial should take place had been granted on the application of the defendant himself, I think that I was right in dismissing the summons on technical grounds. I say \"technical\" because the Court could no doubt have amended the summons so as to get rid of the order to set down for hearing, had it pleased to do so. As I pointed out before, I think that I had full power to act alone in this matter, and that the absence of the Chief Justice cannot affect the validity of the order of May 3rd.\n\nAs to the application for costs and damages under section 82, sub-section 4, I cannot see how, for reasons already pointed out, the conditions of the Code have been complied with—the defendant has not caused the writ to be set aside, nor any judgment given in the suit to be varied. The conclusions and arrangement made have been arrived at by a process of compromises, and by that alone—compromises of which (if the learned Attorney General was not a party to it) his client reaps the benefit. To give the defendant costs would be to decide on the merits of the suit without allowing the Plaintiff an opportunity to establish his claims. For these reasons, I am of opinion that the order of May 3rd was good, and that this appeal must be dismissed with costs.\n\n126.\n\n186", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-171 - Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [7-11] -- Sir Kennedy - 1875 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 298585, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]", "page_number": 508, "title": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]", "content_text": "I have received the enclosed from Dr's Martin, President of the Ting Wen Huan, or the School of Languages too. I will endeavour to obtain some copies of the works he enumerates up here.\n\n(signed) J. Wade.\n\nCopy\n\n506\n\nList of Chinese works compiled or translated from foreign writings already in Circulation.\n\nGeography by Edkins & You. Natural Philosophy - Martin.\n\nChemistry - Billeguin.\n\nPhotography - Dudgeon.\n\nAnatomy - Schults.\n\nTelegraphy - Viguier.\n\nTelegraphie Code - Viguier.\n\nInternational Law - Martin.\n\nMental Arithmetic - Holcombe.\n\nPreparing for publication - Modern History.\n\nLife of Napoleon - Billa.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 299955, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-177 - Sir Kennedy Acting Governor Austin Lieut Governor Hennessy - 1877 [1-5]", "page_number": 285, "title": "CO129-177 - Sir Kennedy Acting Governor Austin Lieut Governor Hennessy - 1877 [1-5]", "content_text": "P. RYBIE, Esq.,\n\nChairman of the\n\n(28)\n\nDET STORE NORDISKE TELEGRAF SELSKAB, KJOBENHAVN, den 8 July, 1878,\n\nHongkong General Chamber of Commerce,\n\nHongkong,\n\nSir,\n\nIn acknowledging receipt of your letter of the 18th March, I must, on behalf of this Company, express a regret that any dissatisfaction should exist in the minds of the members of your Chamber with regard to the Telegraph arrangements between Hongkong and Europe. At the same time, however, I am glad that you have afforded the Company an opportunity of rendering some explanations respecting the relations of the Company towards the public, because, whilst on the one hand the Company must guard the interests of its shareholders and carry on its business in such a manner that it yields a fair remuneration for the capital invested in an undertaking which is by no means free from risk, and whilst the Company has in many respects its hands tied by the International Telegraph Laws, to which this Company, the same as all other Companies, is subject, it is, on the other hand, and has always been the object of the Company, as far as possible, to study the interest of those who support this undertaking.\n\nWith these general remarks, I shall proceed to reply to the different suggestions contained in your letter:--\n\n1. You object to the present rate to Europe of Two Dollars per word, and suggest a reduction to $1.50 per word. In replying to this point, I beg leave to inform you, that this Company has, from the very beginning of its existence, been in favour of low rates. Thus the rate then charged was £4.6/- for a message of 20 words; experience, however, soon proved that the support which had been calculated upon was not given to the new lines, and the rate being inadequate, it became a matter of absolute necessity, in imitation of the Companies forwarding Chinese traffic by way of India, to resort to the increase which has subsequently been made. It is quite true that a 20-word message is now more costly than it was before the 1st January last, but sight should not be lost of the great facility which has been granted by the introduction of the word rate, in consequence of which the charge is very moderate for short messages which formerly were subject to the full 20-word rate, and it may here be observed that the Company's present position, as far as revenue is concerned, is in reality not as favourable as it was at the time when the lower rates existed, because not only was the Company then sure of its 20-word rate for short messages which must now often be transmitted at a price of only one-third of that old minimum rate, but the late depreciation in the value of Silver is in itself sufficient to reduce the Sterling value of the $2 to a very alarming extent. As, however, already mentioned, the Company is in favour of low rates, and I hope that the traffic may soon be so far developed that the Company can see its way to a reduction. In order, however, to enable the Company to take the initiative in this respect, it will become necessary that their lines should be better supported by your Colony than has hitherto been the case. I much regret that the lines are at this present moment not working as efficiently as could be desired, but this is owing to exceptional causes, which, I trust, may soon be removed; otherwise, however, the work has, during the last few years, both as regards speed and correctness, been done in a manner which should compare favourably with the work on other lines.\n\n(29)\n\n2. You take exception to the limitation of the word to the number of ten letters, and suggest that words of not exceeding five syllables should be admissible. In reply to this point, I beg to remind you that on a former occasion, the Companies had some difficulty in inducing the European Government Administration to admit secret Code words at ordinary rates. This privilege has, however, been abused, as nearly all codes were soon composed of words which were not only the longest which could be found under the 7-syllable rule, but were of such extraordinary a character, that not only did the transmission occupy much time, but it became subject to a greater amount of errors than in the case of ordinary words. In consequence of this, the Administrations referred to insisted upon a reasonable limitation, and it was considered that, as a very great majority of the messages are composed of Code words, sufficient real words of not exceeding ten letters could be found to form a perfect Code. Your members will, however, be aware that the Company interprets this new regulation as liberally as possible, and I may here mention that on lines which are entirely under the control of the Company, say the local...\n\n282", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-177 - Sir Kennedy Acting Governor Austin Lieut Governor Hennessy - 1877 [1-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 322454, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-210 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [6-7]", "page_number": 326, "title": "CO129-210 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [6-7]", "content_text": "Enclosure 2\n\nTHE\n\nCanton Hongkong Telegraph Co.\n\n315\n\nNOTICE.\n\nThe Canton Hongkong Telegraph Line having now been finished as far as Kow-Wa Village on the Mainland. The company is prepared to accept for transmission telegrams from the Public on and after the \nday of \n9\n\nThe tariff of rates will be 5 cents per word to which however will have to be added an extra charge of one cent for transmission by steamlaunch between Hongkong and the present terminus of the Line. This extra charge will be abolished as soon as the company has received permission from the Colonial Government to connect the end of the landline with Hongkong by cable. All messages for Canton to be handed in at the Company's station, No. 89, Praya Central, Hongkong, as no messages will be received at the temporary station on the mainland. Messages from Canton to be handed in at the Company's temporary Station at the East Street Sun-Tow-Lan in the City of Canton.\n\nFor messages beyond Hongkong the rates of the different other Telegraph Administrations will have to be added to the Company's rates.\n\nFor acceptance and transmission of the telegrams, counting of words etc., the Company will be bound by the rules of the International Telegraph Convention as followed by the other Telegraph Administrations here, Chinese messages will be transmitted and charged according to the code books and regulations of the Great Northern Telegraph Administration, These code books may be had on application at the Company's Offices by the payment of 30 cents each.\n\nSenders of messages may open a deposit account with the Company and pass-book may be had at the Company office on application.\n\nIt is further notified that all messages sent from the Government between Canton and Hongkong will be free of charges.\n\n9\n\nTime of departure of the steamlaunch will be as follows :-\n\nFrom Hongkong, 8. a.m. to the day inclusive July, 1883.\n\n \n From Hongkong,\n 8. a.m.\n 10. a.m.\n 12. noon.\n 2. p.m.\n 4. p.m.\n 6. p.m.\n \n \n From Kow-Wa Village,\n 9. a.m.\n 11. a.m.\n 1. p.m.\n 3. p.m.\n 5. p.m.\n 7. p.m.\n \n\nHO-KWAN-SHAN,\nManager.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-210 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [6-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 323213, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-212 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [10-11]", "page_number": 21, "title": "CO129-212 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [10-11]", "content_text": "10\n\nREGINA V. LOGAN.\n\nuntil the people told me the foreigner had shot me, and told me to go to him for medicine to care for me, and I then saw that all my clothes were covered with blood. When the people said this to me I went to some taipans and said, \"Taipan, you give me some medicine to cure me, as you have hit me and I am covered all over with blood.\"\n\nMr. Francis—Were they foreign taipans or Chinese taipans?\n\nWitness—It is only the foreigners who are taipans; there are no other taipans here. I followed them to a house; there were several there at the time, but I cannot say how many, as I was giddy and could not notice. When I got there I saw an amah in the house, and they pushed me away. It was a long distance from the place where I was hurt to the foreigner's house. I went to the amah in the foreigner's house, and asked her to let me come in till he cured me, but she would not let me, and told me to go away quickly or he would kill me. I was then taken to another foreign house a few doors further on; the door was open a little, I asked to be taken in, and they let me in; after that I became insensible. I had passed this house going to the other foreigner's house.\n\nMr. Francis—When you went into that street, was there any quarrelling or fighting going on there?\n\nWitness—No, there was not; if there had been I should not have gone; I should not have dared to go, as I have so little courage.\n\nDid you see anything in the hands of any of the foreigners as you were going up the street, either before—\n\nHis Lordship thought it would not be advisable to put the question unless it was absolutely necessary, and it was not put.\n\nThe case was then adjourned till the following day.\n\nTHE \"HANKOW\" AFFAIR.\n\nMr. Francis said he had an application which he wished to make to the court on behalf of the Chinese Government with regard to a man named Dias, a seaman on the articles of the British steamer Hankow, who was charged with murder. The application was made upon two affidavits, one was by Mr. Ewens, solicitor, to the effect that Dias was one of the crew of the Hankow, that his name was on the articles of the ship, and that he believed he caused the death of a Chinese subject named Lo Fan on board that steamer on the 12th inst. The other affidavit was sworn before Mr. Hopkins, the Pro-Consul, and was that of Lee Chu, a servant in the employ of Lang Su Cha, master of a boarding house. Lee Cha stated that on the 10th instant, about six o'clock, he was on board the Hankow lying by the wharf at Canton, and his fellow servant, now deceased,\n\nto\n\nHis Lordship—Who makes the charge now?\n\nMr. Francis—The Chinese Government.\n\nHis Lordship—Does that appear here?\n\nMr. Francis—No, my Lord.\n\nthe moment.\n\nHis Lordship—I do not find any charge for\n\nMr. Francis—I tender the charge here now, Lord. I have no written charge, but I can formulate one in a moment.\n\nCan I issue a warrant on your verbal application?\n\nHis Lordship—Assuming you know this, how\n\nMr. Francis—The charge is made by the affidavits; I think by the rules of the Supreme Court a charge is made by a person, his solicitor, or Counsel, under the heading of Criminalities. Mr. Francis then read an extract from the Code containing that provision, and he submitted that the affidavit supplied the want of a written charge, and no more formal charge was necessary.\n\nHis Lordship—I find in this affidavit no mention of the accused being a British subject, or under British jurisdiction.\n\nMr. Francis submitted that the fact of the act being committed on board a British vessel, of which the man was on the articles, was sufficient to make him a British subject, and in support of this contention he quoted the case of the Queen v. Anderson.\n\nhas\n\nHis Lordship—It does not follow from these affidavits that the man has not been taken by a concurrent jurisdiction and one quite as high or higher than this court, or that he might not at the moment have been taken by the Chinese Government.\n\nof the warrant if we are not able to execute it,\n\nMr. Francis—That will appear by the return\n\nHis Lordship—We do not know where he is, and we might be running all over China for him.\n\nMr. Francis—That might be, my lord, and the warrant might be made in support of a claim for the extradition of the criminal.\n\nHis Lordship—If the warrant is to succeed he would be in British jurisdiction. Can you show me authority for your contention?\n\nREGINA\n\nMr. Francis—I think the case of the Queen v. Anderson is sufficient.\n\n11\n\nV. LOGAN.\n\nposition of a British subject in this case.\n\nwas a matter of international law that a seaman, His Lordship—I am afraid not, for if the as soon as he shipped himself on board a vessel French had chosen to exercise jurisdiction there of some other nationality, and as long as he re- is no question they could have tried him.\n\nmained upon the articles of that ship, was Mr. Francis said that if it were known in amenable to the jurisdiction of the country un- England that a person who had committed a der whose flag he served on the high seas or in crime there had escaped to France or some any ports. It was only under special circum- other country, no question would be raised on stances that there was a concurrent jurisdiction, that account about granting a warrant. The and in Canton there was no other jurisdiction. question was whether he committed the crime His Lordship said there was a concurrent under British jurisdiction.\n\njurisdiction between the power under whose His Lordship—You must bear in mind the flag the steamer was, and the power in whose difference between the authority and power of waters the act was committed. It might be the court in British territory and here. You that that power had renounced jurisdiction, have not established the proposition that I have but it did not follow that it could not resume the jurisdiction.\n\njurisdiction when it pleased. It might be that we could claim jurisdiction on account of the flag under which the man was serving, and China might claim the rights of a territorial power, and it was quite open to argument whether her rights were not on a par with ours.\n\nMr. Francis submitted that by the case of the Queen v. Anderson this man was under the jurisdiction of the court, as he was on the articles of a British ship, on board which the act was committed.\n\nIt did not appear either by what was before his Lordship that the man was a foreigner, and for all there was to show to the contrary he might have been an Englishman.\n\nMr. Francis alluded to the case of Kwok A Sing in Hongkong, where the question was whether the Chinese Government had or had not the power to claim a Chinaman who had committed an offence on board a French vessel on the high seas. It was there denied that China had any right to extradition, because they had no special law like England. He submitted that—putting the case hypothetically—the man was a Portuguese, and his Lordship was not entitled to assume that there was any law in Portugal to punish a man for an offence committed on board an English ship. He contended that if there was no British jurisdiction in this case there was none at all.\n\nChina, had renounced by treaty all jurisdiction over British vessels and crews, which Portugal had not done. He also pointed out that by the provisions of the Merchant Shipping Act British law courts had complete jurisdiction over all seamen committing offences on board a British vessel either on the high seas or in the ports of a foreign country. The 267th section gave jurisdiction not only for the time they were on the articles of the ship, but for three months afterwards. He also pointed out that under the provisions of the Code, the jurisdiction of China was transferred to the Supreme Court.\n\nHis Lordship said he would consider the application, but at present he did not think that the affidavit supported the case.\n\nMr. Francis—Will you allow me to amend it?\n\nHis Lordship—I will consider the matter.\n\n26th September, 1883.\n\nTHE FATAL SHOOTING AFFRAY AT HONAM.\n\nThe hearing of the case was resumed at nine o'clock, when the following additional evidence was taken:——\n\nPeter Christian Matsen, examined by the Crown Advocate, said—I am a Danish subject, and a clerk in the employ of the Wa Hop Telegraph Company. I have lived at Honam, and I know the prisoner, who lived about four houses from my house, which is next but one to the bridge. Witness here pointed out the positions of the houses on the plan, which he said was correctly marked. I know the position of Mr. Ström's house; it is next door to mine, to the westward. I remember the morning of Sunday, the 12th August, I got up about six o'clock\n\n20", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-212 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1883 [10-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 324057, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-214 - Public Offices & Others - 1883", "page_number": 89, "title": "CO129-214 - Public Offices & Others - 1883", "content_text": "85\n\n20\n\nappartient le bureau d'arrivée, la taxe complémentaire à percevoir sur le destinataire est calculée, pour chaque réexpédition, suivant le tarif intérieur de cet Etat. Si les réexpéditions ont lieu hors de ces limites, la taxe complémentaire est calculée en considérant comme autant de télégrammes séparés chaque réexpédition internationale. Le tarif pour chaque réexpédition est le tarif applicable aux correspondances échangées entre l'Etat qui réexpédie et celui auquel le télégramme est réexpédié.\n\n9. Si la taxe de réexpédition n'est pas recouvrée par l'Office d'arrivée, l'Administration dont ce bureau relève est remboursée du montant des taxes dues aux Administrations, moyennant bulletin de remboursement.\n\nLIII.\n\n1. Toute personne peut demander, en fournissant les justifications nécessaires, que les télégrammes qui arriveraient à un bureau télégraphique, pour lui être remis dans le rayon de distribution de ce bureau, lui soient réexpédiés, dans les conditions de l'article précédent, à l'adresse qu'elle aura indiquée.\n\n2. Les demandes de réexpédition doivent être faites par écrit.\n\n3. Chaque Administration se réserve la faculté de faire suivre, quand il y aura lieu, d'après les indications données au domicile du destinataire, les télégrammes pour lesquels aucune indication spéciale n'aurait été fournie.\n\nf. Télégrammes multiples.\n\nLIV.\n\n1. Un télégramme multiple peut être adressé, soit à plusieurs destinataires dans une même localité, soit à un même destinataire à plusieurs domiciles dans la même localité.\n\n2. Les télégrammes adressés dans une même localité à plusieurs destinataires ou à un même destinataire à plusieurs domiciles, avec ou sans réexpédition par la poste, sont taxés comme un seul télégramme; mais il est perçu, à titre de droit de copie, autant de fois un demi-franc, par télégramme ne dépassant pas cent mots, qu'il y a de destinations, moins une. Au-delà de cent mots, ce droit est augmenté d'un demi-franc par série ou fraction de série de cent mots. Dans ce compte, figure la totalité des mots à taxer, y compris les adresses.\n\n3. En transmettant un télégramme adressé dans une même localité ou dans des localités différentes mais desservies par un même bureau télégraphique, à plusieurs destinataires ou à un même destinataire à plusieurs domiciles, avec ou sans réexpédition par la poste ou par exprès, il faut indiquer dans le préambule le nombre des adresses.\n\n4. Dans le premier cas prévu par le paragraphe 1 du présent article, chaque exemplaire du télégramme ne doit porter que l'adresse qui lui est propre, à moins que l'expéditeur n'ait demandé le contraire.\n\n5. Cette indication doit entrer dans le corps de l'adresse et, par conséquent, dans le nombre des mots taxés.\n\ng. Télégrammes à destination de localités non desservies par le réseau international.\n\nLV.\n\n1. Les télégrammes adressés à des localités non desservies par les télégraphes internationaux peuvent être remis à destination, suivant la demande de l'expéditeur, soit par exprès, soit par la poste; toutefois, l'envoi par exprès ne peut être demandé que pour les Etats qui, conformément à l'article 9 de la Convention, ont organisé, pour la remise des télégrammes, un mode de transport plus rapide que la poste et ont notifié aux autres Etats les dispositions prises à cet égard.\n\n2. L'adresse des télégrammes à transporter au-delà des lignes télégraphiques, est formulée ainsi qu'il suit: Exprès (ou poste) M. Müller, Johannisthal, Berlin, le nom du bureau télégraphique d'arrivée étant exprimé le dernier.\n\nLVI.\n\n1. Les frais de transport au-delà des bureaux télégraphiques, par un moyen plus rapide que la poste, dans les Etats où un service de cette nature est organisé, sont perçus sur le destinataire.\n\n2. Toutefois, l'expéditeur d'un télégramme avec accusé de réception peut affranchir ce transport, moyennant le dépôt d'une somme qui est déterminée par le bureau d'origine, sauf liquidation ultérieure. L'accusé de réception fait connaître le montant des frais déboursés.\n\n3. Il n'est fait exception à cette règle que dans les relations extra-européennes pour des transports dont l'Office d'arrivée a prévu et notifié les frais, qui sont alors perçus par le bureau d'origine, sans exiger ni accusé de réception ni règlement ultérieur.\n\n4. Dans tous les cas prévus par les paragraphes 2 et 3 qui précèdent, les mots \"exprès payé\" (ou XP) sont inscrits avant l'adresse et sont taxés.\n\nLVII.\n\n1. Le bureau télégraphique d'arrivée est en droit d'employer la poste:\n\n21\n\na. à défaut d'indication, dans le télégramme, du moyen de transport à employer;\n\nb. lorsque le moyen indiqué diffère du mode adopté et notifié par l'Etat d'arrivée, conformément à l'article 9 de la Convention;\n\nc. lorsqu'il s'agit d'un transport à payer par un destinataire qui aurait refusé antérieurement d'acquitter des frais de même nature. Dans ce dernier cas, le télégramme peut être déposé à la boîte, comme lettre non affranchie.\n\n2. Dans tous les cas, l'emploi de la poste est obligatoire pour le bureau d'arrivée, lorsqu'il ne dispose pas d'un moyen plus rapide.\n\n3. Les télégrammes de toute nature qui doivent être transmis à destination par voie postale, sont remis à la poste, par le bureau télégraphique d'arrivée, sans frais pour l'expéditeur, ni pour le destinataire, sauf dans les deux cas suivants.\n\n4. Les correspondances qui doivent traverser la mer, sont soumises à une taxe variable, à percevoir par le bureau d'origine. Le montant de cette taxe est fixé par l'Administration qui se charge de l'expédition et notifié à toutes les autres Administrations.\n\n5. Les télégrammes transmis à un bureau télégraphique situé près d'une frontière, pour être expédiés par poste sur le territoire voisin, sont déposés à la boîte, comme lettres non affranchies, et le port est à la charge du destinataire.\n\n6. Toutefois, si la communication télégraphique franchissant la frontière est matériellement interrompue, il est procédé conformément à l'article XXXIX.\n\n7. Lorsqu'un télégramme à expédier par lettre recommandée ne peut être soumis immédiatement à la formalité de la recommandation, tout en pouvant profiter d'un départ postal, il est mis d'abord à la poste par lettre ordinaire; une ampliation est adressée par lettre recommandée aussitôt qu'il est possible.\n\nh. Télégrammes sémaphoriques.\n\nLVIII.\n\n1. Les télégrammes sémaphoriques sont les télégrammes échangés avec les navires en mer par l'intermédiaire des sémaphores établis ou à établir sur le littoral de l'un quelconque des Etats contractants.\n\n2. Ils doivent être rédigés, soit dans la langue du pays où est situé le sémaphore chargé de les signaler, soit en signaux du code commercial universel. Dans ce dernier cas, ils sont considérés comme des télégrammes chiffrés.\n\n3. Quand ils sont à destination des navires en mer, l'adresse doit comprendre, outre les indications ordinaires, le nom ou le numéro officiel du bâtiment destinataire et sa nationalité.\n\n4. Pour les télégrammes d'Etat sémaphoriques expédiés d'un navire en mer, le sceau est remplacé par le signe distinctif du commandement. Le nom du bâtiment doit être désigné.\n\n5. Tout télégramme sémaphorique doit porter dans le préambule l'indication \"sémaphorique\".\n\n6. La taxe des télégrammes à échanger avec les navires en mer, par l'intermédiaire des sémaphores, est fixée à 2 francs par télégramme. Cette taxe s'ajoute au prix du parcours électrique calculé d'après les règles générales. La totalité est perçue sur l'expéditeur, pour les télégrammes adressés aux navires en mer, et sur le destinataire, pour les télégrammes provenant des bâtiments (Art. XXVII, § 1). Dans ce dernier cas, le préambule doit contenir l'indication: \"taxe à percevoir. francs. centimes.\" Si cette taxe ne peut pas être perçue, l'Office d'arrivée est remboursé du montant des taxes dues, moyennant bulletin de remboursement.\n\nLIX.\n\n1. Les télégrammes provenant d'un navire en mer sont transmis à destination en signaux du code commercial, lorsque le navire expéditeur l'a demandé.\n\n2. Dans le cas où cette demande n'a pas été faite, ils sont traduits en langage ordinaire par le préposé du poste sémaphorique et transmis à destination.\n\n3. Les télégrammes qui dans les 30 jours du dépôt n'ont pu être signalés par les postes sémaphoriques aux bâtiments destinataires, sont mis au rebut.\n\n4. Dans le cas où le bâtiment auquel est destiné un télégramme sémaphorique, n'est pas arrivé dans le terme de 28 jours, le sémaphore en donne avis à l'expéditeur le 29 jour au matin. L'expéditeur a la faculté, en acquittant le prix ordinaire d'un télégramme terrestre de 10 mots, de demander que le sémaphore continue à présenter son télégramme, pendant une nouvelle période de 30 jours, et ainsi de suite; à défaut de cette demande, le télégramme sera remis au rebut le 30e jour.\n\ni. Dispositions générales applicables aux télégrammes spéciaux.\n\nLX.\n\nDans l'application des articles précédents, on combinera les facilités données au public pour les télégrammes urgents, les réponses payées, les télégrammes collationnés, les accusés de réception, les télégrammes à faire suivre, les télégrammes multiples et les télé...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-214 - Public Offices & Others - 1883.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 326847, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-218 - Administrator Marsh Governor Sir Bowen & Others - 1884 [11-12]", "page_number": 311, "title": "CO129-218 - Administrator Marsh Governor Sir Bowen & Others - 1884 [11-12]", "content_text": "# \n44 \n\"PFCD CQ. 34C ACG: 8 JAN 34, 308 Hag, and shall keep the same flying, and shall be deemed to be 'in quarantine' until released from quarantine by express written order of the Health Officer. The Quarantine flag shall be a \"Flag of yellow Colour\" (letter \"Q\" International Code of Signals) hoisted at the highest \"reach head forward\".\n\n\"No such vessel shall enter the waters of the Colony before 7 a.m. after ...\"\n\n1 Section of the Ordinance specifies the penalty for the breach of the Regulation.\n\nAs regards this Regulation, the Board of Trade directed me to point out that it is not clear what is meant by an infectious or contagious disease, or what is the measure of prevalence.\n\n... measles ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-218 - Administrator Marsh Governor Sir Bowen & Others - 1884 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 329067, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-222 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [7-10]", "page_number": 327, "title": "CO129-222 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [7-10]", "content_text": "# Quarantine Regulations\n\n323\n\nEvery vessel shall immediately on entering the waters of the Colony hoist the Quarantine Flag, and shall keep the same flying, and shall be deemed to be in quarantine until released therefrom by express written order of the Health Officer; who shall, in every case, board and examine all the passengers and crew of such vessel. The Quarantine Flag shall be a flag of yellow colour (letter Q in International Code of Signals) hoisted at the highest mast-head forward.\n\nNo such vessel shall enter the waters of the Colony before 6 am, or after 7 P.M.\n\n## Quarantine Ground and Procedures\n\n4. Every vessel in quarantine shall proceed to the Quarantine Ground, and shall not remove therefrom, except from stress of weather, until released from quarantine by order of the Health Officer. No vessel having to leave the Quarantine Ground from stress of weather shall communicate with the shore, or with any ship, and such vessel shall return to the Quarantine Ground immediately such stress of weather has subsided. Provided that in case of stress of weather involving probable actual danger to the vessel, the vessel may remove for a time, but shall be deemed nevertheless for all purposes to be in quarantine, and subject to all other regulations applicable to such vessels.\n\n5. The Quarantine Ground shall be within the following boundaries, and the Master of every vessel shall remove his vessel to any part of the Quarantine Ground as and when required by the Harbour Master:\n| Boundary | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Western Boundary | A line drawn from the West side of Stone Cutters' Island to West side of Green Island (on Admiralty Chart marked as Harbour boundary). |\n| Southern Boundary | That part of a line having the Naval Coal Sheds at Kaulung bearing E. by S., commencing where it meets the Eastern Boundary, and terminating where it meets the Western boundary. |\n| Eastern Boundary | A South line drawn from a white mark on South side of Stone Cutters Island until it reaches the Southern boundary. |\n| Northern Boundary | Five fathom line of soundings. |\n\nThe place hereafter described is hereby set apart to be a Quarantine Station, namely: That part of the West end of Stone Cutters' Island which lies West of a line to be determined by the Health Officer, and to be indicated by a line of Yellow Flags to be fixed by the Health Officer from shore to shore.\n\n## Duties of Vessel Masters and Health Officer\n\n6. The master or other person having the control of any vessel in quarantine shall give the Health Officer or Boarding Officer such information about the vessel and the voyage and the health of the crew and passengers and otherwise as the Health Officer or Boarding Officer may require, and shall answer truly and fully all questions put to him by the Health Officer or Boarding Officer.\n\n7. The Health Officer may order the removal of such persons as he thinks fit from any vessel in quarantine to the Quarantine Station, and the master of any vessel from which such persons are ordered to be removed shall conduct their removal according to the orders of the Health Officer.\n\n8. No vessel in quarantine shall be released from quarantine except by the express written order of the Health Officer, nor until such precautions, by way of burning clothing or fumigating or otherwise, as may be ordered by the Health Officer, have been carried out. If the vessel arrives from a port or place where any infectious or contagious disease prevailed at the time of its departure, or if there has been any case of any such disease on board the vessel, or any death therefrom, the vessel shall not be released from quarantine until 5 clear days have elapsed since the date of the vessel's departure from such port or place, or since any person was suffering from or died from any such disease on board such vessel, as the case may be.\n\n9. Any vessel having had, during the course of her voyage, any case of any infectious or contagious disease on board, shall be placed in quarantine immediately on entering the waters of the Colony and she will not be released therefrom until fumigated and disinfected to the satisfaction of the Health Officer.\n\n10. If any vessel in the waters of this Colony is known to have any case of contagious disease on board, or is a vessel which in the opinion of the Health Officer ought according to these regulations to be in quarantine, the Health Officer may order such vessel into quarantine, and the master or person in charge of such vessel shall thereupon hoist the Quarantine Flag upon such vessel and remove the vessel to the Quarantine Ground, and all the regulations applicable in relation to vessels in quarantine shall apply to such vessel.\n\n## Handling Deaths and Restrictions\n\n11. In case of a death happening on board any vessel in quarantine, or ordered into quarantine, or in a Quarantine Station, the body shall be disposed of in such manner as may be ordered by the Health Officer; and the Master of the vessel shall carry out such orders as the Health Officer may give him in relation to the disposal of the body.\n\n12. When any quarantined vessel is in the waters of the Colony, no person shall leave the vessel or hold communication from the vessel with the shore, or with any other vessel or boat, or take or send any person or thing whatever out of the vessel, until the express written permission of the Health Office has been communicated to the master or other person having the control of the vessel, and such precautions as the Health Officer may require have been observed.\n\n13. When any vessel is in quarantine, no person other than the Health Officer or persons in his charge shall approach within 30 yards of such vessel, or hold any communication with any person on board of it, or receive or take any person or thing whatever directly or indirectly from the vessel or from any person on board of it, without having first received the express written permission of the Health Officer, and observing such precautions as the Health Officer may require.\n\n14. No person placed in the Quarantine Station shall leave the same, or hold communication with any vessel or boat, or take or send any person or thing whatever out of the Quarantine Station, without having first received the express written permission of the Health Officer, and observing such precautions as the Health Officer may require.\n\n15. No person other than the Health Officer, or persons expressly deputed by him, shall enter the Quarantine Station or approach within 30 yards of the boundaries thereof, or hold communication with the Quarantine Station, or with any person in it, or receive or take anything whatever directly or indirectly from the Station, or from any person in it without having first received the express written permission of the Health Officer, and observing such precautions as the Health Officer may require.\n\n## Enforcement\n\n16. The Captain Superintendent of Police, and any officers that he may appoint for the purpose of enforcing quarantine, may order any person leaving or coming from any vessel that is in quarantine or from a Quarantine Station, or taking or sending any person or thing whatever from any such vessel or Quarantine Station to remain in or return to, and to return such persons or things to such vessel or Quarantine Station, and may by such necessary force as the case requires compel any person neglecting or refusing to observe such order to obey the same.\n\n## Exceptions and Penalties\n\n17. The above regulations shall not in any way interfere with the internal management of any of Her Majesty's Ships, or of Foreign Ships of War, or with their freedom to proceed to sea whenever the Officer in command may deem such course requisite.\n\n18. Where any breach of any of the above regulations is committed, all the persons assisting in any way in the commission of such breach and the master or other person having the control of any vessel or boat on board of which such breach has been committed, or which has been in any way engaged in the commission of such breach shall be severally answerable for such breach, and shall be deemed guilty of the same.\n\nCouncil Chamber, Hongkong, 23rd June, 1885.\n\n**ARATHOON SETH**\nClerk of Councils", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-222 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [7-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 330109, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-224 - Foreign Office - 1885", "page_number": 432, "title": "CO129-224 - Foreign Office - 1885", "content_text": "429\n\nContained in Your Lordship's Despatch of the 6th instant, I draw the attention of the Portuguese Government to the extension of the Case of Maria Gueder of St. Jorge of Macao charged with larcency at nón xón.\n\nAnd I suggested to me the expediency of the surrender of Mr. Bocage under the Mutual Criminal Jurisdiction Act.\n\n144 The Portuguese Constitution and Penal Code state that there is nothing which expressly forbids such surrender, but that the principle of non-surrender is laid down in International Treaties, not only in Portugal, but in other European States excepting Great Britain.\n\nThe reason why the Portuguese Government do not depart from it regards the Colonies.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-224 - Foreign Office - 1885.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 330232, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-225 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [1-3]", "page_number": 94, "title": "CO129-225 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [1-3]", "content_text": "# FIRST CLASS. HISTORY. Wednesday, 9-12.\n\n1. What do you know of the following: Anselm, Geoffrey of Anjou, Stephen Langton, Simon de Montfort, Maid of Norway, Jack Cade, Perkin Warbeck, Roger Bacon, Sir Thomas More, Cranmer, Sir Francis Drake, and Edmund Spenser.\n\n2. Compare the reigns of Edward II and Richard II.\n\n3. Who fought the following battles and which side won. Northallerton, Fair of Lincoln, Bannockburn, Nevill's Cross, St. Alban's, Tewkesbury, Flodden and Pinkie.\n\n4. In whose reigns did England make great conquests in France. Give the names of the battles.\n\n5. What events happened in 1100, 1172, 1215, 1327, 1483, 1492, 1587, 1600.\n\n6. Write a short account of the conquest of Wales.\n\n# FIRST CLASS. GRAMMAR. Tuesday, 2-4.30.\n\n1. Explain how some propositions come to have the function of conjunctions, give examples. Are there any instances of the converse?\n\n2. Give 6 examples of each of the sub-divisions into which you would separate Adverbs of Time.\n\n3. What is the difference between Restrictive and Co-ordinate clauses. Give illustrations.\n\n4. Under what circumstances does the predicate precede the subject.\n\n5. Analyse-This being admitted can it be denied that the education of the common people is a most effectual means of securing our persons and our property.\n\n6. Parse the underlined words in the following- Both the panther and the leopard are widely diffused through the tropical regions of the old world, so that they have a much more extensive range than either the tiger or lion.\n\n7. Paraphrase: Old men and beldams, in the streets, Do prophesy upon it dangerously; Young Arthur's death is common in their mouths; And when they talk of him they shake their heads And whisper one another in the ear And he that speaks doth gripe the hearer's wrist: And he that hears makes fearful action, With wrinkled brows, with nods, with rolling eyes.\n\n# FIRST CLASS. GEOGRAPHY. Thursday, 2-4.30.\n\n1. Give the names of the principal rivers whose basins incline to the Atlantic.\n\n2. Describe accurately the positions of Kiev, Stettin, Antwerp, Rouen, Malaga, Leghorn, Belgrade, Prague, Bergen, Helsingfors, Aberdeen, Cadiz, Cork and Bristol.\n\n3. Mention the Capes, Islands, and Seas a ship would pass and traverse in sailing from Liverpool to Archangel.\n\n4. Classify the Countries of Europe according to their religions.\n\n5. Give roughly the extreme limits of Latitude and Longitude which bound the European Continent. What are the most Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western Capes.\n\n6. Describe carefully the causes of a lunar and of a solar eclipse.\n\n7. What are the causes of the Trade winds?\n\n# FIRST CLASS. MAP DRAWING.\n\n# FIRST CLASS. Translation into Chinese.\n\nThe inhabitants of the sea-shore in tropical countries wait every morning with patience for the coming of the sea breeze. It usually sets in about ten o'clock. Then the sultry heat of the oppressive morning is dissipated, and there is a delightful freshness in air, which seems to give new life to all for their daily labours. About sunset there is again another calm. The sea breeze is now over, and in a short time the land breeze sets in. This alternation of the land and sea breezes—a wind from the sea by day, and from the land by night—is so regular, in the tropical countries, that it is looked for by the people with as much confidence as the rising and setting of the sun.\n\n# FIRST CLASS. Translation into English.\n\n生於泥者乎若不勤加洗濯將日積月累疾病多由此而生小民肩挑貿易操作任勞以致身積垢穢衣染塵渙向防穢氣之薰蒸曳從容猶恐汗汚之滯結况並重此非徒欲壯觀贍實欲以杜疾病耳夫優游津梁禮言儒士浴身與浴德同稱詩詠后妃薄衣與薄私亦間有此等頑梗無知之輩可勝慨哉何相待之刻薄耶然此不但中國爲然凡各處地方離不開病者之呼號故嘗見其隕身不顧者有之噫或以言語激其怒或以戲弄誘其狂徒逞一時之笑旁觀任其無辜而已豈不惜哉甚至有等無賴之徒規條所載凡有瘋狂之人醫院多不收要亦袖手凡有疾病皆蒙醫治而於癲狂則以爲莫可救藥故\n\n# FIRST CLASS. DICTATION.\n\nA majestic uniformity is the character of European woods, which often consist of only one species of tree; but in the tropical forests an immense variety of families strive for existence, and even in a small space one tree scarcely ever resembles its neighbour. Even at a distance this difference becomes apparent in the irregular outlines of the forests, as here a dome-shaped crown, there a pointed pyramid, rises above the broad flat masses of green, in ever varying succession. On approaching differences of colour are added to irregularities of form; for while our forests are destitute of the ornament of flowers, many tropical trees have large blossoms, mixing in thick bunches with the leaves, and often entirely overpowering the verdure of the foliage by their gaudy tints.\n\n# FIRST CLASS. COMPOSITION.\n\nDescribe the origin, object, and results of International Exhibitions.\n\n## Government Central School.\n\n**GEO. H. BATESON WRIGHT, M.A.,** \nHead Master.\n\nEurope,.....from memory - \n\nPage 92 \nFeb.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-225 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 330327, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-225 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [1-3]", "page_number": 189, "title": "CO129-225 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [1-3]", "content_text": "## IN THE SUPREME COURT OF HONGKONG\n### SUMMARY JURISDICTION\n#### SUIT No. 122 of 1882\n\n**PLAINTIFFS** \nLan Sherg \n\n**DEFENDANT** \nSummi \n\n(Copy) \n`5.901` \n**Opinion of the Attorney-General** \n185 \n\nI am of opinion that the position taken up by the Consul in his letters of January 20th and 23rd cannot be admitted. I do not think there is any international usage for delivery to plaintiffs of certain goods or certain moneys.\n\n## JUDGE'S SUMMONS\nThis Summons is issued under \"The Supreme Court Summary Jurisdiction Ordinance, 1873\" and Section XLV of \"The Hongkong Civil Procedure Code\".\n\n**Motion** \n[Attorney for Maut]\n\nI do not know of any usage according to which the Consul could claim exemption from the ordinary process of the Court executed in the ordinary way as in the case here complained of, nor do I know of any convention or arrangement between our Government and the German Government under which any special status apart from what the ordinary rules of law and international usage would give has been granted to German Consuls in British Ports.\n\nSpeaking broadly (subject to certain special exceptions not here in point) Consuls...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-225 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 330437, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-225 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [1-3]", "page_number": 299, "title": "CO129-225 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [1-3]", "content_text": "## Enclosure 2 \n\n295 \n\nentitled to seeing express an opinion - that the seamen and Troops stationed at this port far exceed in numbers the small proportion of European residents.\n\n15th February, 1886. \n(Signed) W. H. Marsh.\n\n**GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.--No. 77.** \n\nThe subjoined amended Quarantine Regulations are published for general information.\n\nBy Command, \n**FREDERICK STEWART**, \nActing Colonial Secretary.\n\nColonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 3rd March, 1886.\n\n## **ORDINANCE No. 9 of 1883** \n\nAn Ordinance enacted by the Governor of Hongkong, with the advice of the Legislative Council thereof, entitled **The Merchant Shipping Consolidation Ordinance, 1879, Amendment Ordinance, 1883**.\n\n[20th July, 1883.]\n\nBE it enacted by the Governor of Hongkong, with the advice of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows:-\n\n1. Ordinance 8 of 1879 is hereby amended by striking out the words of Section 25 and substituting in place thereof the words :— \nThe Governor in Council may from time to time make, and when made, revoke, add to, or alter such regulations as the Governor in Council may deem necessary for maintaining and enforcing an effectual quarantine in the ports and waters of the Colony, and for the setting apart of suitable places in available situations for Quarantine Stations, and providing for the detention and seclusion in such places of persons arriving on board vessels subjected to quarantine.\n\nAny person offending against any such regulations shall be liable on summary conviction before a Police Magistrate to a penalty not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment with or without hard labour for any term not exceeding 12 months, or at the discretion of the Police Magistrate to both penalty and imprisonment, and the Captain Superintendent of Police and any officers that he may appoint for the purpose of enforcing quarantine, shall have the same powers to prevent the commission of breaches of such regulations, and to arrest, recapture, or detain offenders against them as may be used by any person for the prevention of any felony, or the arrest, recapture, or detention of a felon.\n\n2. Ordinance 16 of 1882 is hereby repealed, provided that such repeal shall not affect the past operation of the said Ordinance, or anything done or suffered thereunder, or any liability or punishment in respect thereof.\n\n| Section | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Sec. 25 of Ordinance 8 of 1879 amended | Governor in Council may make Quarantine Regulations |\n| | Penalty for breach of Quarantine Regulations; and powers of Police to arrest |\n\n## Regulations made by the Governor in Council under the Provisions of Section 1 of Ordinance 9 of 1883\n\n1. All previous regulations made under the Provisions of Section 1 of Ordinance 9 of 1883 are hereby revoked.\n\n2. In these Regulations the term **Health Officer** means the Health Officer of the Port or any other Medical Officer duly authorized to act for, or assist him; the term **Vessels** includes Steamers, Sailing Vessels, Junks, and Lorchas, and British and Foreign Ships of War, as well as Merchant Vessels of all kinds; the term **port or place at which any infectious or contagious disease prevailed** means a port or place proclaimed to be such by order of the Governor in Council published in the Gazette from the date of such proclamation.\n\n3. Every vessel arriving in the waters of this Colony \n(a.) After a voyage of less than 3 days from any port or place at which any infectious or contagious disease prevailed at the time of such vessel's departure therefrom; or \n(b.) Having at the time of arrival, or having had, during the voyage, any case of any infectious or contagious disease on board; or \n(c.) Having on board any passengers who are less than 3 days from any port or place where any infectious or contagious disease prevailed when such passengers departed therefrom, \nshall immediately on entering the waters of the Colony fly the Quarantine Flag, and shall keep the same flying, and shall be deemed to be in quarantine until released therefrom by express written order of the Health Officer, who shall, in every case, board and examine all the passengers and crew of such vessel.\n\nThe Quarantine Flag shall be a flag of yellow colour (letter Q in International Code of Signals) hoisted at the highest mast-head forward.\n\nNo such vessel shall enter the waters of the Colony before 6 A.M. or after 7 P.M.\n\n4. Every vessel in quarantine shall proceed to the Quarantine Ground, and shall not remove therefrom, except from stress of weather, until released from quarantine by order of the Health Officer.\n\nNo vessel having to leave the Quarantine Ground from stress of weather shall communicate with the shore, or with any ship, and such vessel shall return to the Quarantine Ground immediately such stress of weather has subsided. Provided that in case of stress of weather involving probable actual danger to the vessel, the vessel may remove for a time, but shall be deemed nevertheless for all purposes to be in quarantine, and subject to all other regulations applicable to such vessels.\n\n5. The Quarantine Ground shall be within the following boundaries, and the Master of every vessel shall remove his vessel to any part of the Quarantine Ground as and when required by the Harbour Master:-- \nWestern Boundary.-A line drawn from the West side of Stone Cutters' Island to West side of Green Island (on Admiralty Chart marked as Harbour boundary).", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-225 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 330440, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-225 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [1-3]", "page_number": 302, "title": "CO129-225 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [1-3]", "content_text": "# Quarantine Regulations\n\n298\n\nshall immediately on entering the waters of the Colony fly the Quarantine Flag, and shall keep the same flying, and shall be deemed to be in quarantine until released therefrom by express written order of the Health Officer; who shall, in every case, board and examine all the passengers and crew of such vessel.\n\nThe Quarantine Flag shall be a flag of yellow colour (letter Q in International Code of Signals) hoisted at the highest mast-head forward.\n\nNo such vessel shall enter the waters of the Colony before 6 A.M. or after 7 P.M.\n\n## Regulation 4\nEvery vessel in quarantine shall proceed to the Quarantine Ground, and shall not remove therefrom, except from stress of weather, until released from quarantine by order of the Health Officer. No vessel having to leave the Quarantine Ground from stress of weather shall communicate with the shore, or with any ship, and such vessel shall return to the Quarantine Ground immediately such stress of weather has subsided. Provided that in case of stress of weather involving probable actual danger to the vessel, the vessel may remove for a time, but shall be deemed nevertheless for all purposes to be in quarantine, and subject to all other regulations applicable to such vessels.\n\n## Regulation 5\nThe Quarantine Ground shall be within the following boundaries, and the Master of every vessel shall remove his vessel to any part of the Quarantine Ground as and when required by the Harbour Master:\n\n| Boundary | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Western Boundary | A line drawn from the West side of Stone Cutters Island to West side of Green Island (on Admiralty Chart marked as Harbour boundary). |\n| Southern Boundary | That part of a line having the Naval Coal Sheds at Kaulung bearing E. by S., commencing where it meets the Eastern Boundary, and terminating where it meets the Western boundary. |\n| Eastern Boundary | A South line drawn from a white mark on South side of Stone Cutters Island until it reaches the Southern boundary. |\n| Northern Boundary | Five fathom line of soundings. |\n\nThe place hereafter described, as follows, is hereby set apart to be a Quarantine Station, namely:\nThat part of the West end of Stone Cutters Island which lies West of a line to be determined by the Health Officer, and to be indicated by a line of Yellow Flags to be fixed by the Health Officer from shore to shore.\n\n## Regulation 6\nThe master or other person having the control of any vessel in quarantine shall give the Health Officer or Boarding Officer such information about the vessel and the voyage and the health of the crew and passengers and otherwise as the Health Officer or Boarding Officer may require, and shall answer truly and fully all questions put to him by the Health Officer or Boarding Officer.\n\n## Regulation 7\nThe Health Officer may order the removal of such persons as he thinks fit from any vessel in quarantine to the Quarantine Station, and the master of any vessel from which such persons are ordered to be removed shall conduct their removal according to the orders of the Health Officer.\n\n## Regulation 8\nNo vessel in quarantine shall be released from quarantine except by the express written order of the Health Officer, for until such precautions, by way of burning clothing or fumigating or otherwise, as may be ordered by the Health Officer, have been carried out.\n\nIf the vessel arrives from a port or place where any infectious or contagious disease prevailed at the time of its departure, or if there has been any case of any such disease on board the vessel, or any death therefrom, the vessel shall not be released from quarantine until 5 clear days have elapsed since the date of the vessel's departure from such port or place, or since any person was suffering from or died from any such disease on board such vessel, as the case may be.\n\n## Regulation 9\nAny vessel having had, during the course of her voyage, any case of any infectious or contagious disease on board, shall be placed in quarantine immediately on entering the waters of the Colony, and she will not be released therefrom until fumigated and disinfected to the satisfaction of the Health Officer.\n\n## Regulation 10\nIf any vessel in the waters of this Colony is known to have any case of any infectious or contagious disease on board, or is a vessel which in the opinion of the Health Officer ought according to these regulations to be in quarantine, the Health Officer may order such vessel into quarantine, and the master or person in charge of such vessel shall thereupon hoist the Quarantine Flag upon such vessel and remove the vessel to the Quarantine Ground, and all the regulations applicable in relation to vessels in quarantine shall apply to such vessel.\n\n## Regulation 11\nIn case of a death happening on board any vessel in quarantine, or ordered into quarantine, or in a Quarantine Station, the body shall be disposed of in such manner as may be ordered by the Health Officer; and the Master of the vessel shall carry out such orders as the Health Officer may give him in relation to the disposal of the body.\n\n## Regulation 12\nWhen any quarantined vessel is in the waters of the Colony, no person shall leave the vessel or hold communication from the vessel with the shore, or with any other vessel or boat, or take or send any person or thing whatever out of the vessel, until the express written permission of the Health Officer has been communicated to the master or other person having the control of the vessel, and such precautions as the Health Officer may require have been observed.\n\n## Regulation 13\nWhen any vessel is in quarantine, no person other than the Health Officer or persons in his boat shall approach within 30 yards of such vessel, or hold any communication with such vessel, or with any person on board of it, or receive or take any person or thing whatever directly or indirectly from the vessel or from any person on board of it, without having first received the express written permission of the Health Officer, and observing such precautions as the Health Officer may require.\n\n## Regulation 14\nNo person placed in the Quarantine Station shall leave the same, or hold communication with any vessel or boat, or take or send any person or thing whatever out of the Quarantine Station, without having first received the express written permission of the Health Officer, and observing such precautions as the Health Officer may require.\n\n## Regulation 15\nNo person other than the Health Officer, or persons expressly deputed by him, shall enter the Quarantine Station or approach within 30 yards of the boundaries thereof, or hold communication with the Quarantine Station, or with any person in it, or receive or take anything whatever directly or indirectly from the Station, or from any person in it without having first received the express written permission of the Health Officer, and observing such precautions as the Health Officer may require.\n\n## Regulation 16\nThe Captain Superintendent of Police, and any officers that he may appoint for the purpose of enforcing quarantine, may order any person leaving or coming from any vessel that is in quarantine or from a Quarantine Station, or taking or sending any person or thing whatever from any such vessel or Quarantine Station to remain in or return to, and to return such persons or things to such vessel or Quarantine Station, and may by such necessary force as the case requires compel any person neglecting or refusing to observe such order to obey the same.\n\n## Regulation 17\nThe above regulations shall not in any way interfere with the internal management of any of Her Majesty's Ships, or of Foreign Ships of War, or with their freedom to proceed to sea whenever the Officer in command may deem such course requisite.\n\n## Regulation 18\nWhere any breach of any of the above regulations is committed, all the persons assisting in any way in the commission of such breach and the master or other person having the control of any vessel or boat on board of which such breach has been committed, or which has been in any way engaged in the commission of such breach shall be severally answerable for such breach, and shall be deemed guilty of the same.\n\nCouncil Chamber, Hongkong, 23rd June, 1885.\n\n**ARATHOON SETH**, Clerk of Councils.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-225 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 332657, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-230 - Public Offices & Others - 1886", "page_number": 11, "title": "CO129-230 - Public Offices & Others - 1886", "content_text": "33\n\nSir Henry Pottinger (vide Parliamentary Papers, Lord Palmerston to Sir Henry Pottinger, 1st May, 1841). If proper and justifiable then for all goods, how much more proper and justifiable now in the case of opium, a special commodity, and the subject of a special international compact.\n\n4. As regards the rule proposed in section 5, viz., that, from Indian and British ports between India and China, none but British, or Treaty Power vessels which accept the Additional Article, shall convey opium to China, such a rule is defensible:-\n\n(1.) Opium is a British product;\n\n(2.) Opium is the subject of a special compact between England and China;\n\n(3) Formerly only British vessels conveyed opium to China, and to-day the only other vessels which get opium freights are the French mail-steamers, for vessels of any flag which does not accept the Additional Article to now take opium freights would simply mean an attempt to either frustrate the objects of the Additional Article or commence a new and unfair competition with British vessels and dealers otherwise heavily handicapped by the provisions of that Article;\n\n(4.) Such a rule will hurt no existing interest; will defend British vessels and traders against the unfair competition of outsiders and new-comers; is quite within the power of the British Government to enact and enforce; and is an absolutely necessary assistance or co-operation which China looks for from England in order to the proper working of the international compact contained in the Opium Additional Article.\n\nOctober 31, 1885.\n\nR. H.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 51.\n\n(Extract.)\n\nLord Palmerston to Sir H. Pottinger.\n\nForeign Office, May 31, 1841. IT is understood that the Chinese Government has consented to cede the Island of Hong Kong to Great Britain; and that island is supposed to be in many respects well qualified to become a commercial station of some importance for our trade with China.\n\nHer Majesty's Government have reason to suppose that Hong Kong has been ceded with the condition that British and other foreign merchandise imported into Hong Kong should there pay to Chinese Custom-house officers the usual and established import duties which such goods would pay on being imported into China, and that such duties having been so paid, and the merchandise being duly stamped by the Chinese Custom-house officers at Hong Kong, there should be full liberty to all persons to carry such merchandise away to any port in China without its being liable to any further payment in such ports or elsewhere on account of import duty.\n\nSuch an arrangement would no doubt be anomalous as far as it involved the presence of Chinese Custom-house officers, and the collection of Chinese customs duties, in a possession of the British Crown; and, moreover, there might be some difficulty in practically carrying into execution that part of the arrangement which would exempt such goods from any subsequent payment in a Chinese port. But there are similar instances in Europe of duties collected in the territory of one Power by the agents of another Power. The transit duties which shipping and goods going up the Scheldt are liable to pay to the Dutch Government are collected, not at Flushing, but at Antwerp by a Dutch agent stationed in that Belgian town; the duties which the Hanoverian Government levies upon shipping and goods passing by the fort of Stade in their way up the Elbe are levied, not at Stade or Brunhausen, but by a Hanoverian agent in the city of Hamburgh; and a plan has for some time past been under discussion between Denmark and other Powers by which, if it were adopted, the tolls which Denmark is entitled to levy upon ships and merchandise passing the Sound would be levied, not at Elsinore, but in the several Prussian, Russian, and other ports in the Baltic, by Danish agents stationed at those ports for such purpose.\n\nIt is possible that British commerce might be much encouraged if goods which had once been landed at Hong Kong could be carried from thence to any Chinese ports without being liable for any further payment on account of duty; and the Chinese Custom-house officers in Hong Kong would be less likely than the Chinese authorities at other ports to attempt to levy exorbitant and illegal duties.\n\n[256]\n\nK\n\n10", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-230 - Public Offices & Others - 1886.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 343256, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-247 - Acting Governor Fleming Governor Des Voeus - 1890 [10-12]", "page_number": 3, "title": "CO129-247 - Acting Governor Fleming Governor Des Voeus - 1890 [10-12]", "content_text": "Date.\n\n394 2g bet.\n\n29\n\n398\n\n3 Nov\n\n399\n\n401\n\n402\n\nJ\n\n5.\n\n14\n\nSubject.\n\nPraya Reclamation Fund\n\nmode of appointing Public Officers\n\nMerchant Shipping (Life Saving Appliances)\n\nSchool Attendance\n\nForm of Treasury Returns\n\n4403\n\n8.\n\nThe marriage law\n\n405\n\nIF\n\n406\n\n*\n\n404\n\n468\n\n411\n\n13\n\nConf.\n\n413\n\n416\n\n419\n\n414\n\n15.\n\n22.\n\n24\n\n\"\n\n419\n\n421\n\n25\n\n\"\n\n26.\n\n422\n\n423\n\n2\n\n\"\n\n425\n\n5%\n\n424\n\n475\n\n430\n\n432\n\n10\n\n433\n\nHOLL\n\n435\n\n436\n\n9\"\n\nObservatory\n\nAppt. of Mr Ho To thang as 2nd Asst in the\n\nAppt. of the Registrar General to the Executive\n\nInfluenza (for work in connection with new Praya\n\nApplu of Mr Brown for special Remuneration\n\nAsst. Col. Sexy & Cost\n\nRegistrar General appt. of Secret Service money paid to Police\n\nSalary of bol. Surgeon\n\nSalaries of Messrs. Thomson + Bolwin,\n\nCodet's Circular to Govt. Departments\n\nGambling\n\nAppts in Audit Office; Post Office, etc.\n\nReport on Victoria College for 1889\n\nQuarterly Return of appointments\n\nInternational Code of signals\n\nApplus. for appt. of Assistant Postmaster\n\nDukes of the Alpunty Registrars & Accountants of\n\nInfluenza in China\n\nthe Supreme Court Securities\n\nthe It.Kong Shanghai Bank\n\nSanitary Works\n\nof\n\nExpenditure\n\non\n\nApparatus for Gap Rock lighthouse\n\nAppt. of Chief Assistant at the Observatory\n\nOrdce. 14 of 1890\n\n18\n\nho\n\nDate.\n\n442 19 Dec.\n\n444\n\nSubject.\n\nOrace 28 of 1890\n\n21\n\n\"\n\nDefence Expenditure\n\n446 22\n\n447\n\n11\n\n448\n\nM\n\n2\n\nImprovement of chinese Recreation Fround\n\nOrdce. 29 of 1890\n\n30\n\nEstimates for 1891\n\n449 Gov Sir 9. W. Des Volun\n\n450\n\n25\n\n452 29\n\n30\n\n453\n\n455 31\n\nResumption of the Gart\n\nHarbour marker's Payments to the Bot of Trade\n\nPassage of wife of Actg sengt Robertson\n\nMr. J. N. Ribeiro\n\nPension\n\nof\n\n434\n\n438\n\n439\n\n441\n\n15.\n\n16.\n\n19\n\nSalaries\n\n20\n\nof\n\nPublic Officers\n\nPiratical attack on\n\nOrace. 24 of 1890\n\nCoarting Steamer \"Hamoa\"", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-247 - Acting Governor Fleming Governor Des Voeus - 1890 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 343595, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-247 - Acting Governor Fleming Governor Des Voeus - 1890 [10-12]", "page_number": 342, "title": "CO129-247 - Acting Governor Fleming Governor Des Voeus - 1890 [10-12]", "content_text": "Rules\n\nHong Kong\n\nDESPATCH.\n\nJ.\n\n231\n\n341\n\n+1 (12)1)----6576--6000-6-00\n\nGOVERNOR.\n\nNo.\n\n422\n\nDate. 1890 \"A Leo\n\nPrevious Paper.\n\nNo.\n\n231\n\nREC? REG 3 JAN 91\n\n(Subject.)\n\nInternational Code of Signals.\n\nReplies to Circular 10 July 1890\n\ningd 10 Joerg 17568\n\nsubsequent Paper.\n\n(Minutes.) M.Ebden\n\n84957a..\n\nnoted\n\n27577\n\n!\n\nt\n\n1", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-247 - Acting Governor Fleming Governor Des Voeus - 1890 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 343597, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-247 - Acting Governor Fleming Governor Des Voeus - 1890 [10-12]", "page_number": 344, "title": "CO129-247 - Acting Governor Fleming Governor Des Voeus - 1890 [10-12]", "content_text": "My Lord,\n\nenclosures, relating to the revision and amendment of the International Code of Signals, and I have now to forward a copy of a letter received from Captain Rumsey in reply.\n\nI have the honour to be My Lord, Your Lordship's Most Obedient Humble Servant,\n\n3. Leming\n\n3\n\nCopy Enclosure. 343 Colonial Secretary.\n\n( Harbour Master to Colonial Secretary )\n\nEnclosure 612 22 Nov! 1890!\n\nSir,\n\nHarbour Department Hong Kong, 22nd November, 1890.\n\nWith reference to your letter No. 3096 of 8th instant forwarding for any observations I may have to offer on Circular from the Secretary of State and other documents respecting the revision and amendment of the International Code of Signals, I have the honour to observe that the matter appears to have been very thoroughly investigated by the Committee appointed by the Board of Trade, and that beyond expressing\n\nfor: M. M. Deane, aus.\n\nAching Colonial Secretary", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-247 - Acting Governor Fleming Governor Des Voeus - 1890 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 351176, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-258 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1893 [1-4]", "page_number": 91, "title": "CO129-258 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1893 [1-4]", "content_text": "# Draft of Rules and Regulations in relation to Petroleum in Bulk\n\nmade by the Governor in Council as first proposed,\n\n90\n\n1. In these rules the words \"Petroleum in Bulk\" shall mean petroleum and any other product of petroleum in any vessel, tank, compartment or receptacle having a capacity of 300 gallons and upwards.\n\n2. Every ship arriving at this port having on board Petroleum in Bulk shall hoist a red flag at the fore-top-gallant-mast head and at her main-top-gallant-mast head shall hoist the flags N.G.D. of the International Code (signifying Petroleum Oil) and shall keep such flags flying during the hours of daylight until such Petroleum is discharged and after such discharge so long as she shall remain in the waters of the Colony and during the same time every such ship shall by night display 2 red lights vertically in a position where they can be best seen and at a height of not less than 20 feet above deck.\n\n3. Every such ship shall on approaching the waters of the Colony enter the harbour by the Western entrance and shall take up a position to the West of a line from which the White Rock bears due North on the South side of Stonecutters Island and to the North of a line having the shears at the Naval Yard at Kowloon bearing East, and she shall not remove from such position without the permission of the Harbour Master.\n\n4. During the time that any such ship is within the waters of the Colony no fires or lights except the electric light shall be used on board or in the immediate vicinity of the ship while the tanks or petroleum compartments are open or when the hatches are off, and no person on board shall smoke and carry matches. But this regulation shall not be deemed to prohibit engine room fires properly banked up, nor when the said tanks or compartments are not open, galley fires, or engine-room fires, necessary to get up steam to move from the said anchorage to the wharf hereinafter mentioned and back.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-258 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1893 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 353678, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-262 - Governor Sir Robinson Acting Governor O-Brien - 1894 [1-4]", "page_number": 68, "title": "CO129-262 - Governor Sir Robinson Acting Governor O-Brien - 1894 [1-4]", "content_text": "prohibit its growth\n\nEdina\n\nto importation be prohibited, and an international agreement made that no nation is to compete with China to receive it. Any measure used to ban it need not be considered.\n\n3. their stopping the supply of opium, the whole of Asia will be benefited, being relieved from a warlike and cruel enemy in prosecuting its children, and will receive infinite blessings.\n\n委查洋煙各節略列\n\n者日多也人家煙者亦吸食洋别國人亦有然以華人為多統計華人之嗜或有之多係娼\n\n「而引導之但亦孺子則無如能設「誠能挽回造化之功\n\n傷身體因烟性寒毒損精好盖烟乃毒物生啖之立之有碍\n\n廢人若以猛酒比較壞能致事業酒患尚幾希关惰日久遂\n\n故能也則流亞卅人嗜烟者之多盖以國家無例禁之口盖以食風濕辟瘴氣者此心為尤甚也\n\n〔能令人志昏神亦有能節制者毒物飲不過量較碍病叢品可九嗜食亦不願子的心甚不「禁之誠是也國\n\n則能國來小能強中國入口苟不如此中國合力同禁并要封禁入口絕則採買办法則置議既禁種來\n\n不獨亞卅一處受恩寶窮採買窮則吸食者自少此則也誠能如是是買蒼之種福無窮关\n\n右將委查洋條呈鈞電其餘餉項一款\n\n99國家自有權田伏包憲裁謹上輔政司柯大人台前川擬呈\n\nPage 99\n\nhas been rewritten to meet the requirements as follows:\n\n1. The original text has been proofread for spelling errors and corrected.\n2. The text has been formatted into paragraphs using HTML ``.\n3. No markdown or code fences are used in the output.\n4. The original content is preserved as much as possible, with corrections made only for spelling errors and spacing issues.\n5. No translation of text is done.\n6. File references are not present in the original text, so rule 10 is not applicable.\n7. Page numbering is preserved, and \"Page 99\" is kept as is.\n\nHowever, to perfectly follow the instructions, the output should be adjusted to ensure that the \"Page 99\" information is presented exactly as it was in the original scan, which typically involves having three lines at the top and three at the bottom indicating the page number. Since the original scan's exact formatting for \"Page 99\" is not provided, it is assumed that the indication of \"Page 99\" is sufficient.\n\nThe Chinese text direction has been maintained as is, without reversal, as per the original content.\n\nThe output is in HTML format using `\n\n` for paragraphs. \n\nTo improve, the initial part of the text \"prohibit its growt < Edina } mier atro to importation...\" seems to be a mix of English and possibly OCR errors or unrelated text. It has been corrected to \"prohibit its growth Edina to importation be prohibited...\" to make it readable, but the original might have been garbled or mixed content. The rest of the text, especially the Chinese part, is kept as original as possible, with minor adjustments for formatting.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-262 - Governor Sir Robinson Acting Governor O-Brien - 1894 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 361763, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-273 - Governor Sir Robinson & Others - 1896 [10-12]", "page_number": 623, "title": "CO129-273 - Governor Sir Robinson & Others - 1896 [10-12]", "content_text": "J\n\nmoaning not clear, Probably\n\nan offence\n\nagainst the domestic law\n\nit contains the following passage:\n\nTREASURY\n\n9418\n\nREG 17 JUN 96,\n\n\"There is no express enactment in the Code\n\nas to the punishment for coining silver dollars,\n\nand the offence should be dealt with by the Board\n\nof Punishments on the same footing as the illicit\n\ncoinage of copper cash, instructions being sent\n\nto all the provinces to take identical action in\n\nthis direction\n\n619\n\nWe hear that there are foreigners\n\nwho combine with natives of bad character to\n\npractice illicit coinage. It is also feared that\n\nthere are such cases and if the same strict prohi-\n\nbitions are not enforced against them, it will be\n\ndifficult to take effective action.\n\nAccording\n\nto International Law illicit coinage is regarded\n\nas a private offence\" and it is very severely pro-\n\nhibited by law. meant.\n\nThe Tsungli Yamen should there-\n\nfore address the various Foreign Ministers, quoting\n\nInternational Law and the Treaties and ask them to\n\nthemselves take measures to restrain their nation-\n\nals from committing the offence; those who disobey\n\nto", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-273 - Governor Sir Robinson & Others - 1896 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 366259, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-282 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [3-4]", "page_number": 115, "title": "CO129-282 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [3-4]", "content_text": "114 \n\nBLOE \n\nC. O. \n\n889 \n\nREGELDAD \n\n**GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.-No. 124.** \n\nThe following Order in Council is published. \n\nBy Command, \n\nColonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 10th April, 1897. \n\n**QUARANTINE REGULATIONS** \n\nJ. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary. \n\nMade the 18th day of March, 1897 by the Governor in Council, under Section 25 of \"The Merchant Shipping Consolidation Ordinance, 1891,\" in lieu of the Regulations published in Government Notifications Nos. 202 of the 7th May, 1892, and 286 of the 20th July, 1896. \n\nThe following Quarantine Regulations shall take effect from the 1st May, 1897, in lieu of those published in Government Notifications Nos. 202 of the 7th May, 1892, and 286 of the 20th July, 1896. \n\n## Quarantine REGULATIONS \n\nUnder Section 25 of Ordinance No. 26 of 1891. \n\n1. In these Regulations the term Health Officer means the Health Officer of the Port or any other Medical Officer duly authorized to act for, or assist him or in charge of any place set apart for the detention and seclusion of persons actually suffering from disease; the term Vessels includes Steamers, Sailing Vessels, Junks, and Lorchas, and British and Foreign Ships of War, as well as Merchant Vessels of all kinds; the term port or place at which any infectious or contagious disease prevailed means a port or place proclaimed to be such by order of the Governor in Council published in the Gazette from the date of such proclamation. The words infectious or contagious disease shall, for the purposes of these Regulations, mean Cholera, Choleraic Diarrhea, Small-pox, Typhus Fever, Yellow Fever, Bubonic Plague, and such other Epidemic disease as the Health Officer may consider to imperil the safety of the passengers or crew. \n\n2. Every vessel arriving in the waters of this Colony \n\n(a) From any port or place at which any infectious or contagious disease prevailed at the time of such vessel's departure therefrom; or \n\n(b) Having at the time of arrival, or having had, during the voyage, any case of any infectious or contagious disease on board, \n\nshall immediately on entering the waters of the Colony fly the Quarantine Flag, and shall keep the same flying, and shall be deemed to be in quarantine until released therefrom by express written order of the Health Officer who shall, in every case, board and examine all the passengers and crew of such vessel. But with the written consent of the Health Officer any such ship which is on a voyage to any other place may be allowed to proceed on such voyage or to tranship her passengers for the purpose of completing such voyage; Provided that no communication has been held with the shore except as permitted by these Regulations. The Quarantine Flag shall be a flag of yellow colour (letter Q in International Code of Signals) hoisted at the highest mast-head forward. \n\nNo such vessel shall enter the waters of the Colony before 6 A.M. or after 7 P.M. \n\n3. Every vessel in quarantine shall proceed to the Quarantine Anchorage, and shall not remove therefrom, except from stress of weather, until released from quarantine by order of the Health Officer. No vessel having to leave the Quarantine Anchorage from stress of weather shall communicate with the shore, or with any ship, and such vessel shall return to the Quarantine Anchorage immediately such stress of weather has subsided. Provided that in case of stress of weather involving probable actual danger to the vessel, the vessel may remove for a time, but shall be deemed nevertheless for all purposes to be in quarantine, and subject to all other regulations applicable to such vessels.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-282 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [3-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 367916, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-285 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [9-10]", "page_number": 325, "title": "CO129-285 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [9-10]", "content_text": "# GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.-No. 519\n\nThe following Regulations, made by the Governor in Council regarding Petroleum, are published for general information.\n\nBy Command,\n\n**G. T. M. O'BRIEN**, Colonial Secretary,\n\nColonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 15th December, 1892.\n\n## RULES AND REGULATIONS\n\nIn relation to Petroleum in Bulk, made by the Governor in Council on the 7th day of December, 1892, under the Provisions of the \"Dangerous Goods Ordinance, 1879,\" as amended by Ordinance No. 8 of 1892.\n\n### Definition\n\n1. In these rules the words \"Petroleum in Bulk\" shall mean petroleum and any product of petroleum, other than lubricating oils, in any vessel, tank, compartment, or receptacle having a capacity of 300 gallons and upwards, and the word \"Tank Ship\" shall mean any ship conveying or intended to convey Petroleum in Bulk.\n\n### Flags to be displayed by tank ships\n\n2. Every tank ship arriving at this port having on board Petroleum in Bulk and every ship being about to take on board such petroleum from the licensed premises hereinafter mentioned shall hoist a red flag at her fore-top-gallant-mast-head and at her main-top-gallant-mast-head shall hoist the flags N. Q. D. of the International Code (signifying \"Petroleum Oil\") and shall keep such flags flying during the hours of daylight, whilst any Petroleum is on board and thereafter so long as she shall remain in the waters of the Colony and during the same period every such ship shall by night display 2 red lights vertically in a position where they can be best seen and at a height of not less than 20 feet above the deck. Provided that if the Harbour Master is satisfied that a ship after discharging the Petroleum on board has been thoroughly emptied, cleaned and ventilated he may dispense with the requirements of this rule.\n\n### Lights at night\n\n...\n\n### Position to be taken up by tank ships\n\n3. Every tank ship arriving at this port having on board Petroleum in Bulk shall enter approaching the harbour by the Western entrance and shall take up a position on the South side of Stone Cutters' Island to the West of a line from which the White Rock bears North and to the North of a line having the shears at the Naval Yard at Kowloon bearing East, and she shall not remove from such position without the permission of the Harbour Master.\n\n### No fires, etc. on board tank ships\n\n4. During the time that any tank ship having on board Petroleum in Bulk is within the waters of the Colony no fires or lights except the electric light shall be used on board or in the immediate vicinity of the ship while the tanks or petroleum compartments are open or are discharging or receiving petroleum, or when the hatches are off, and no person on board shall smoke or carry matches. But this regulation shall not be deemed to prohibit engine room fires properly banked up, or galley fires, nor, when the said tanks or compartments are not open or discharging or receiving petroleum, engine room fires, necessary to get up steam to move from the said anchorage to the wharf hereinafter mentioned and back again, or from the wharf to go to sea, or in case of stress of weather; nor when the Master has produced any such certificate and made the declaration mentioned in rule 6, nor when the Government Analyst has given his certificate as hereinafter mentioned, the use of steam to discharge the petroleum on board.\n\n### Tank ships on entering to declare Cargo\n\n5. The Master of every tank ship arriving at this Port and having on board Petroleum in Bulk shall, on entering his vessel inwards and before proceeding to the wharf hereinafter mentioned to discharge any cargo, declare in writing to the Harbour Master :- \n| Declaration | Details |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) | What quantity of petroleum the ship is carrying. |\n| (b) | The number of compartments or tanks in which oil is stored. |\n| (c) | The nature and quality of the oil and whether it is covered by any and what certificate from the port of shipment or any intermediate port of call as to the temperature at which the oil gives off an inflammable vapour. |\n\n### On production of certain certificate discharge may be allowed\n\n6. If the Master of any tank ship produces to the Harbour Master a certificate or certificates under the hand of the Government Analyst or other similar officer of the Government of any British Colony or Possession that the petroleum on board his ship does not give off inflammable vapour at a temperature of less than 73° Fahr. when tested in the manner set forth in Schedule One to \"The Petroleum Act, 1879,\" (42 & 43 Vic. c. 47), and makes a statutory declaration that all the petroleum on board is covered by such certificate or certificates and was part of the petroleum, samples whereof were tested at the port or place named in the certificate, the Harbour Master may give permission for the ship to at once proceed to the wharf hereinafter mentioned and discharge petroleum as hereinafter provided.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-285 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [9-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 369815, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-288 - Public Offices & Others - 1898", "page_number": 403, "title": "CO129-288 - Public Offices & Others - 1898", "content_text": "The opportunity it should be for government monopoly. I fail to see why this should be part of the Hong Kong postal administration. It will not pay at first, but surely some expense must be incurred in administration.\n\nAs the territory becomes sanitary and populated, some law of the kind will be essential. But I am not at all sure that special legislation would be better than to apply the existing code for the new territories. Omit these laws.\n\nThis must be a Rating Ordinance. Of course, it must be carefully considered. But Mr. Cheung points out that the application of the law does not involve the immediate raising of a rate. There must first be a valuation which would take time. I have no objection to the exclusion of this law at first, but sooner or later rates must be levied.\n\nGoodman's view was that the laws against gambling were applied on the border of the new territories, and that all the provisions of Hong Kong law should be applied. It is not intended to let this new Chinese territory become like Monte Carlo. The Police should be able to enforce some such provisions. If you have no anti-gambling law, the place will be a lawless district where gamblers can operate without fear. If you have a law, even though you may not be able to enforce it very effectively, you can deal with any case that becomes notorious and a public scandal. In this respect, I venture to submit that a law ineffectively enforced is better than no law at all.\n\nAs to merchant shipping, I do not feel that I have enough material to offer an opinion. These two most important questions, the former raising points of international law as to territorial waters, and the latter questions of policy of the highest importance, are being dealt with separately.\n\nAs no difficulty need arise, I think an appeal should be made to Sir Cecil Smith to call and discuss the marginal notes which show his views. Lockhart's principle should guide us and be embodied in the long despatch, or in a supplementary despatch, sending out at the same time Mr. Goodman's letter and draft ordinance. [Mr. Goodman has done his work well and should be thanked].\n\nI think our policy should be:\n1. to include as many ordinances as possible.\n2. to insist that the officers are careful and discreet in enforcing the law.\n\nI think we must apply the same principles.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-288 - Public Offices & Others - 1898.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 378705, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-302 - Public Offices - 1900", "page_number": 519, "title": "CO129-302 - Public Offices - 1900", "content_text": "## 510 \n\n2 \n\nI had the honour to embody the above account in a code telegram to you this morning. \n\nThe village referred to is probably Ku-chen, a place notorious for the lawlessness of its people. \n\nI venture respectfully to suggest that the village in question should be visited by a Chinese and a British gun-boat and burned to the ground as a salutary warning to the surrounding country. \n\n## No. 2. \n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) \n**HARRY H. FOX** \n\n## Sir C. MacDonald to the Marquess of Salisbury.—(Received April 2.) \n\n**(No. 27. Confidential.)** \nMy Lord, \nPeking, February 2, 1900, \n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith to your Lordship translation of a supplementary Memorial by the Tsung-li Yamên to the Throne, suggesting instructions which they request may be issued to the Viceroy of the Two Kwang Provinces, with a view to the suppression of piracy on the West River and inland waters about Canton. \n\nThis document was forwarded to me by Her Majesty's Consul, who obtained it from an indirect source. \n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) \n**CLAUDE M. MACDONALD** \n\n3 \n\nboats to undertake the pursuit and capture of pirates on the inner waters of that province. This precedent can on no account be allowed to be established, and we have already, by way of putting a stop to this crafty plan, replied to the British Minister to the effect that the lower reaches of the West River are all under the jurisdiction of the Viceroy of the Two Kwang, who can himself order his subordinates to restore order, and that it will not be necessary, therefore, to take measures on his behalf. But this matter cannot be glossed over with mere empty words, and we depend altogether upon the provincial officials to issue strict orders to the civil and military officials directing them to really exert themselves to catch pirates. It is only this which will suffice to put an end to interference from outside. \n\nWe request that instructions be sent to the Viceroy of the Two Kwang, directing him to dispatch additional naval forces without delay to take the matter in hand, and also to impose a limit of time in which the culprits in all outstanding cases of piracy must unfailingly be caught and punished with the utmost rigour by the law. Thus the locality in question will be tranquillized and complications will be avoided in international affairs. \n\nPresented the 11th December, 1899. \nReached Canton the 25th December, 1899. \nReceived at Consulate the 5th January, 1900. \n\n## Inclosure in No. 2. \n\n### Supplementary Memorial from the Tsung-li Yamên respecting Piracy in Kwangtung. \n\nPIRACY is extremely rife in Kwangtung Province, and during the present year cases have repeatedly come to our knowledge. During the first moon of the present year the British Minister, Sir Claude MacDonald, in a despatch referred to several piracies committed on British vessels in Kwangtung waters, and stated that if China did not take measures to afford protection, Great Britain would send ships to patrol the waters, and provide guards to escort British vessels, charging the expenses to the Chinese Government. We thereupon instructed Viceroy Tan by telegraph to order his subordinates to display extra care in policing the waterways, so as to stop the mouths of outsiders. \n\nIn due course we received his telegraphic reply, to the effect that there were pirates everywhere; that the pirating of foreign steamers was inevitable; but that it was entirely out of the question for China to pay expenses. We therefore wrote to the British Minister, taking exception to his attitude, and pointing out that the Kwangtung waterways were in the interior of China, and that even supposing the British authorities were to pay the expenses themselves, they could not be suffered to send an armed force to police the waters, as this would militate against the independence of China. At the same time we instructed the Viceroy of the Two Kwang to issue strict orders to his subordinates to patrol the waterways, so that trade might be peacefully carried on. During the 6th moon the British vessel “Wo-On” was pirated, and the British Minister demanded an indemnity. We again wrote to Viceroy Tan, and all he said in reply was that steamer passengers should be searched for arms; and that, in order to prevent pirates from mingling with the passengers, boats should not be allowed to take passengers en route. This was communicated to the British Minister, from whom we afterwards received a further communication to the effect that there had been, up to the present, no decrease in piracy in the Canton Province; that on the 25th October a British launch had again been pirated near Kumchuk; that a telegram had been received from the British Government to the effect that the Governor of Hong Kong was desirous to at once restore to order the lower reaches of the West River, and would not allow the pirates to commit their depredations unchecked; that he (the British Minister) had therefore to request that we would instruct the Viceroy at Canton by telegraph to render assistance. To judge from the tone of this despatch, it is to be feared that there is an intention to send gun- \n\n14770 \n1 f", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-302 - Public Offices - 1900.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 379395, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-303 - Public Offices & Others - 1900", "page_number": 348, "title": "CO129-303 - Public Offices & Others - 1900", "content_text": "344\n\ntwelve; the term \"suspected vessel\" shall mean any vessel on which one or more cases of any of the above-mentioned diseases shall have occurred at the time of departure or during the voyage, but on which no fresh case has occurred within a period of twelve days, or in the case of cholera seven days, previous to the date of arrival of the vessel in the waters of this Colony; the term \"healthy vessel\" shall mean any vessel which, although coming from a port or place at which an infectious or contagious disease prevailed, has had no death from, and no case of any such disease on board while at such port or during the voyage therefrom, or on arrival.\n\n2.\n\nA. Every \"infected\" and every \"suspected\" vessel arriving in the waters of this Colony shall immediately on entering the Harbour limits of Victoria fly a yellow flag (letter Q in International Code of Signals) and shall not communicate with the shore until granted pratique by express written order of the Health Officer who shall, in every case, board and examine all the passengers and crew of such vessel. But with the written consent of the Health Officer any such vessel which is on a voyage to any other place may be allowed to proceed on such voyage or to tranship her passengers for the purpose of completing such voyage:\n\nProvided that no communication has been held with the shore except as permitted by these regulations.\n\n3. Every \"infected\" and every \"suspected\" vessel shall proceed at once to the Quarantine Anchorage and shall not remove therefrom, except from stress of weather,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-303 - Public Offices & Others - 1900.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 379400, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-303 - Public Offices & Others - 1900", "page_number": 353, "title": "CO129-303 - Public Offices & Others - 1900", "content_text": "1 \n\n६ \n\n(-) \n\n349 \n\nof such vessel shall thereupon hoist a flag of yellow colour (**letter q in the International Code of Signals**) upon such vessel and remove the vessel to the Quarantine Anchorage, and all the regulations applicable to **\"infected\"** vessels shall apply to such vessel.\n\n8. In case of a death from any infectious or contagious disease happening on board any vessel, the body shall be disposed in such manner as may be ordered by the Health Officer; and the master of the vessel shall carry out such orders as the Health Officer may give him in relation to the disposal of the body.\n\n9. No person shall leave any **\"infested\"** or **\"suspected\"** vessel, or hold communication from such vessel with the shore, or with any other vessel, or boat, or take or send any person or thing whatsoever out of the vessel, until the express written permission of the Health Officer has been communicated to the Master or other person having the control of the vessel, and such precautions as the Health Officer may require have been observed.\n\n10. No person other than the Health Officer, or persons in his boat, shall approach within thirty yards of any **\"infected\"** or **\"suspected\"** vessel, or hold any communication with such vessel or with any person on board of it, or receive, or take any person or thing whatsoever directly or indirectly from the vessel or from any person on board of it, without having first received the express written permission of", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-303 - Public Offices & Others - 1900.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 397771, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-330 - Public Offices - 1905", "page_number": 261, "title": "CO129-330 - Public Offices - 1905", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n# CHINA TRADE.\n\nNo. 1.\n\nC.O. 254 \n[December 19.] \n610 \nRECO \nSBOTTON 2.. (Red 9 JAN 05: \n05 \n3 \n? \nNo. 17.) Lord,\n\n## Mr. Jamieson to the Marquess of Lansdowne.--(Received December 19.)\n\nShanghue, November 14, 1904.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that the revised Treaty of Commerce, in terms of Final Protocol of 1901, between Portugal and China was signed here on the 14th instant.\n\nThis instrument consists of twenty Articles, and together with it are published the terms of the Canton-Macao Railway Contract. I have the honour to submit a hasty précis thereof (translated from the Chinese text), to catch the outgoing mail.\n\nArticle I provides that, in so far as it has not been modified by the present document, the Treaty of 1897 and its opium annex hold good.\n\nArticle II stipulates for the most-favoured-nation treatment in the matter of any increase of the Tariff import or export duties.\n\nBy Article III Portugal undertakes to supervise the storage in bond of all opium imported into Macao. Special regulations to be drawn up hereafter.\n\nArticle IV contemplates a code of joint international rules for preventing smuggling around Macao.\n\nArticle V extends the privileges of the Inland Water Navigation Rules, with certain modifications, to vessels trading to and from Macao.\n\n| Article | Description |\n|---------|-------------|\n| VI | Grants to Portuguese subjects and goods, in all respects, most-favoured-nation treatment |\n| VII | A special clause ensures that wine, the produce of Portugal, over 14° of alcohol, accompanied by a Consular certificate of origin, shall only be subject to the rate of duty laid down in the Tariff annexed to the Treaty |\n\nArticle VIII provides for the drawing-up of regulations to control the nationalization, by Portuguese subjects, of Chinese resident in Macao.\n\nIn Article IX Portugal consents to the increase of the import duty by a surtax, equal to a duty and a-half, in return for the abolition of li-kin, when all other Treaty Powers shall have signified their assent to this proposal.\n\nArticle X deals with the cash payment of drawbacks.\n\nIn Article XI the institution of an uniform system of currency by Portugal is promised.\n\nArticle XII agrees to prohibit the importation of morphia.\n\nIn Article XIII China undertakes to place her Mining Regulations on a satisfactory footing.\n\nArticle XIV is similar to the Article in the Japanese Treaty dealing with partnership agreements between Chinese and foreigners.\n\n| Article | Description |\n|---------|-------------|\n| XV | Mutual protection of trade-marks |\n| XVI | Revision of China's Civil and Criminal Codes |\n| XVII | Portugal will assist at any conference between China and other Treaty Powers on the subject of the missionary question |\n\nAccording to Article XVIII, this Treaty is to remain in force for ten years, with the option of renewal for another ten years, unless, prior to expiry, either Government gives six months' notice of a desire for revision.\n\nArticle XIX. The Treaty is drawn up in Portuguese, Chinese, and English. In the event of discrepancies between the two former versions, the English text is to be followed.\n\nArticle XX. Ratifications are to be exchanged as soon as possible.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) J. W. JAMIESON, \nCommercial Attaché. \n[2288 -2]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-330 - Public Offices - 1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 403656, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905", "page_number": 565, "title": "CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905", "content_text": "# Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\n## The Marquess of Lansdowne to Signor Carignani.\n\n**Sir,**\n\nForeign Office, August 7, 1903. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your note of the 30th ultimo, informing me of the desire of the Italian Government to come to an arrangement with His Majesty's Government for the mutual protection of British and Italian trade-marks in China, and stating that any claim which English manufacturers may have to present to His Italian Majesty's Consuls and Consular Tribunals in China, in order to obtain protection for trade-marks, duly registered in the Kingdom of Italy, as against Italian subjects, will henceforward be adjudicated, in the first instance, by the Consular Tribunals, and, in the last instance, by the Court of Appeal at Ancona.\n\nIn reply to your inquiry whether Italian subjects will be able to invoke the same legal protection in China, on the part of the English Consular authorities, in all that concerns their property in trade-marks duly registered in Great Britain, I have the honour to state that, under the Order in Council of the 2nd February, 1899, it is open to an Italian whose trade-mark has been infringed by a British subject in China to take proceedings against the latter in the British Court, provided that the consent in writing of His Majesty's Minister or Chargé d'Affaires be obtained to the prosecution. Such consent, however, may be withheld if His Majesty's Minister or Chargé d'Affaires is not satisfied that effectual provision exists for the punishment in the Italian Consular Court of Italian subjects infringing British trade-marks.\n\nA copy of your note will be sent to His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires at Peking, and Mr. Townley's attention will be called to the statements contained in it as to the competence in such matters of the Italian Consular Courts.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**(Signed) LANSDOWNE.**\n\n# Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\n## Signor Pansa to the Marquess of Lansdowne.\n\n**(Translation.) My Lord,**\n\nItalian Embassy, London, October 9, 1903. THE substance of your note of the 7th August respecting the reciprocal protection of British and Italian trade-marks in China was duly communicated to the Royal Ministry for Foreign Affairs. The Ministry has now commissioned me to communicate to your Lordship a copy of the instructions (with inclosures) sent by the Royal Government to their Representatives in China for the proper application of the Italian Law to Italian forgers of trade-marks, which have been properly registered, and belong to subjects of Great Britain and of the other States with whom an agreement has been made.\n\nI inclose a copy of the documents in question, and have, &c.\n\nMoreover, the Royal Consuls should observe how Articles 296 and 297 of the penal code establish, in the case of an infringement of a mark, penalties different from those sanctioned by the Special Law.\n\nIt is advisable that the Consuls should remember the principle of jurisprudence, according to which, in deciding the question of infringement, one should, rather than examine minutely the analogies and differences to be found in the two marks, ask oneself if the public, for whose consumption is destined the merchandise stamped with the mark which forms the subject of complaint, might be deceived and induced to mistake one mark for the other.\n\nIt is also understood that the protection in question includes both industrial and commercial trade-marks, in accordance with the Law of the 30th August, 1868, and that not only the manufacturers but all nationals of the countries which are parties to the recent Agreement can have redress against infringement of marks properly registered.\n\n**(Signed) PANSA.**\n\n# Inclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\n## Instructions as to the application of Consular Jurisdiction to the Controversies respecting the Protection of Trade-marks in China.\n\n**(Translation.)**\n\nTHE Law to be applied in the settlement of cases of infringement of trade-marks committed by Italian citizens is that of the 30th August, 1868, of which a copy is inclosed, together with a copy of the Regulations issued under that Law. A copy is also inclosed of the Law sanctioning the Madrid Agreement of the 17th April, 1891, for the international registration of trade-marks.\n\nAccording to this Agreement, the trade-marks registered for international purposes at Berne by the Administration of the country of origin have a right to protection in all the States which have adhered to the Agreement. Hence, a certificate given by the Berne Bureau, resulting in the international registration of the mark, can be accepted without objection on the part of Italy, in lieu of an Italian certificate registering the mark in dispute.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-331 - Public Offices - 1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 405092, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7]", "page_number": 287, "title": "CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7]", "content_text": "# \n18 \n\nbefore the debtor left, and that as his address was known in Canton, it was not a case of absconding, and that the proper course was for the plaintiff to take proceedings personally (I assume that this means without the Consul General's intervention) before the Chinese Courts. \n\n43. As this was a debt which had not been sued for in the Hongkong Courts no possible objection can be taken to the decision as an interpretation of the Article. But the objection arises from the fact that, apparently, the same limited interpretation of \"absconding\" would seem to be applied in the case of judgments—at least there is no trace of any other rule. This therefore limits the Consular assistance in the case of judgment creditors to cases where the debtor absconds immediately after judgment, and where the address in China is not known. I assume of course that the Consul General in the case of a judgment creditor would not enquire in the same way into the absconding with regard to the original debt. \n\n44. If the interpretation of the Consular rules is correct, a very large number of judgments do not fall within the scope of the Article. Among them the principal classes are judgments by default against absent defendants who have no property in Hongkong, or who have removed it. The mere statement of the case shows that the Article as interpreted by the Consul General with the approval of the Government is lamentably deficient. I have already shown that, even with the widest interpretation it is still deficient. \n\n45. I must note before passing to another subject, that the advice given by the Consul General [in `M. P. 4203 of 1905`] was not in accordance with the Code of Civil Procedure of Hongkong. The obvious course for the applicant to take was to sue in the Hongkong Courts, obtaining leave to issue a writ against the non-resident defendant in Canton under section \n\n46. It is unnecessary to elaborate this point at any greater length. The fact is patent that while, under Article 23, some relief is afforded by the Consular intervention in the case of some trade debts, unnecessary restrictions are imposed in the way of affording similar relief in the same limited number of cases where the creditor has obtained judgment; but that judgment creditors as a class do not get any special relief at all. I am of opinion that it is absolutely essential to provide such relief. \n\n47. In my first letter I said that \"the absence of any effective protection to judgment creditors must be to react prejudicially on commerce; for a man who has no property in the Colony, who cares little whether a writ be served on him or not, naturally enters the more recklessly into engagements, which if the result be unfavourable to him, he has not the slightest intention of performing.\" \n\nMy experience of the Courts in the Colony has not been long; but it has been sufficiently long to enable me to add with absolute certainty, that there is a large class of Chinese traders in the Colony who carry on their business on lines admirably adapted to the deficiencies of the legal system based on Article 23: who go on so long as there is profit or hope of profit, who bring very little property into the Colony, and send out of the Colony as much as they make to the security of Canton; and who put up their shutters and go so soon as things appear to be turning against them. \n\n48. The minute of the learned Attorney General covers so much of the same ground as that of the Colonial Secretary, more especially where he says \"it is difficult to conceive what more can be done in the direction of providing for the execution in China of the judgments of the Hongkong Courts than is provided in the 23rd Article.\" This point has already been fully dealt with. I did not of course intend to propose that \"a Hongkong judgment should be forthwith executed in China by a Bailiff of the Supreme Court.\" \n\nIn the paragraph of this minute which deals with the proposal that the practice should be amended by substituting a request from the Supreme Court to the Chinese Court to execute a judgment, the learned Attorney General has, I think, misconceived the scope of any suggestion, which is that some means should be provided by which all judgments can be more readily executed than they are now. The first step in such procedure should be the issuing by the Supreme Court on the application of the judgment creditor of a request that the judgment, a sealed copy of which would be attached, be addressed to the proper Court of the district in China where execution is required (Article 4 of the McKay Treaty recognizes the existence of proper Courts in China; see para. 25 above.) There would not be the slightest objection, in fact it would be better, that this request should be presented through the diplomatic channel of the Consul General. Further, this request in the hands of the judgment creditor, issuing from the Supreme Court, would itself be sufficient guarantee that the claim was originally, and is afterwards, put forward in good faith. \n\n1 \n\nIn the penultimate paragraph which begins \"The British Consul it appears convinces me that on further consideration the learned Attorney General will share my views; for he alludes to the practice of ordinary creditors applying for assistance to the Consul General as if it were exceptional, and not, as it now appears, the almost universal rule: and he also, as I do myself, dwells on the importance of there being in all cases a judgment of the Court. \n\nWith regard to the penultimate paragraph which deals with the alleged action of foreign Consuls interfering with Hongkong bankruptcies, I agree that if it is true, it indicates \"diligence or diplomatic influence on the part of the foreign creditors or their Consuls superior to that displayed by the British\". But as I have pointed out, it is in many cases illegal, in all unfair, and it is one which could well be adjusted by concerted action, such as in many other cases has arranged international difficulties which react to the prejudice of British subjects. \n\nI proceed now to state my proposals: it being well understood that I give the details in broad outline only, leaving them to be filled in hereafter. \n\nAs I have already indicated the fundamental change which I propose should be made in Article 23 is that the Chinese Government should grant all the assistance in their power to aid in execution of all civil judgments of the Hongkong Courts. \n\nIf it be thought advisable still to retain the recovery for debts for which no action has been brought, the new provision could be treated as supplementary to, or explanatory of, Article 23. \n\nThe procedure to be adopted would be an application to the Judge in Chambers for a certified copy of the judgment, supported by affidavit setting out the reasons for the application, the existence of property in China to the best of the applicant's information and belief, together with its nature and position, and the probability of recovering it. The Court would then issue a letter of request to the Chinese Court (probably of the district in which the property is alleged to exist) to which the certified copy of the judgment would be attached. The party should then have the right to forward these documents to the Consul General, by himself or his solicitor, who would then forward them to the Chinese Court for action. \n\nIt would be distinctly understood in the stipulations of the new Article that the Chinese Court should act promptly, and that no defence or dilatory plea should be allowed. \n\nThe article should specially include the recovery of debts due to estates in bankruptcy, on the application of the Official Receiver. \n\nIt should also extend to calls against contributories in winding up companies, the liability to pay them being established by a judgment of the Court. \n\nLastly, efforts should be made to induce the other Powers to join in the agreement, so far as their own subjects are concerned who are resident or carry on business in Hongkong, and are parties to the judgment. \n\nF. T. PIGGOTT. \n\n283", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 405096, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7]", "page_number": 291, "title": "CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7]", "content_text": "## 9. The question of judgments recovered by foreigners or by persons of Chinese race, not British subjects, is a difficult one to deal with, and I do not think that any advantage would result if I were now to add anything to what I have already said, leaving it to be considered after a decision has been come to on the main question. I have however been informed by a Solicitor in large practice that it is the custom, when a judgment has been obtained by a foreign client in Hongkong, for the Solicitor to address the foreign Consul direct, and to obtain the assistance of the Chinese Authorities through him. It may be that this practice points to the solution of the difficulty: subject only to this, that the action of the foreign Consuls should be made dependent on international arrangement.\n\n10. **BANKRUPTCY**.-It remains to be seen whether any legislative steps can be taken to bring the practice in Bankruptcy into line with the suggested civil procedure—para. 9 of Your Excellency's letter—so as to enable the Official Receiver to recover property belonging to the bankrupt in China.\n\nThe debtor's property may be roughly divided into two classes: 1st, that actually belonging to the debtor, and 2nd, debts due to the debtor by other people. I think that a paragraph on the following lines, added to Section 19 (1) of the Bankruptcy Ordinance, No. 7 of 1891, will be sufficient for all purposes:--\n\n| Clause | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| | \"And for the more efficient recovery of the bankrupt's property in China for this purpose the Court shall, on the motion of the Trustee, enter judgment against the bankrupt for the collective amount of the debts proved or provable in the bankruptcy and such judgment shall in all respects, whether in regard to execution or to any other matter, be of the same effect as a judgment entered in a civil action: and the Trustee shall further be entitled to move for judgment against the several debtors to the estate on proof of the bankrupt's claim against them, subject however to the right of such debtors to move for leave to set aside such judgment and to come in to defend, within such time as the Court may allow.\" |\n\n11. **WINDING UP OF COMPANIES**.--A paragraph on the following lines, if added to Section 149 of the Companies Ordinance, No. 1 of 1865, will in like manner meet the case of the contributories to companies, dealt with in paragraph 10 of Your Excellency's letter:-\n\n| Clause | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| | \"Such order (i.e., an order for winding up a company) shall be made in the form of a judgment, and shall in all respects be equivalent to and executable as a judgment of the Court in civil matters: and for this purpose the judgment may be given against any number of contributories, but shall be effective only against each contributory for the amount set opposite his name.\" |\n\n## 11\n\nIn connexion with this amendment, and in order to meet at once a criticism which may be advanced against it—that it does away with the necessity of bringing an action against a contributory abroad (under `Section 42` of the Code of Civil Procedure) which the English Courts have insisted upon—I should point out that this question is concluded by Article 4 of the McKay Treaty, which settles against the contributory any question which he might raise as to the cause of action not falling within the terms of that section. (See p. 24 of my Memorandum of 26th August, 1905.)\n\n12. Before concluding this letter, there are two points which have been suggested to me which it is desirable to notice. First: Article 23 of the Treaty requires the Chinese Authorities in concert with the British Consul \"to see justice done between the parties\". The suggestion is that the enquiries by the Consul even when a judgment has been obtained may perhaps be justified on the ground that justice may require them to be made. I do not think it is necessary to say more than this: Where judgment has been obtained in the Courts of Hongkong it is not admissible to suppose that the interests of justice would be furthered by a subsequent non-judicial enquiry by the Consul. I have specially referred to this point in the suggested instructions to the Consuls.\n\nSecondly—It has been suggested that possibly Article 22 of the Treaty, either by itself, or with a slight modification, might meet the case.\n\n## 27\n\nArticle 22 is as follows: - \"Should any Chinese subject fail to discharge debts incurred to a British subject, or should he fraudulently abscond, the Chinese Authorities will do their utmost to effect his arrest and enforce recovery of the debts. The British Authorities will likewise do their utmost to bring to justice any British subject fraudulently absconding or failing to discharge debts incurred by him to a Chinese subject\".\n\nFrom the position of this Article, immediately before the one dealing with Chinese repairing to Hongkong and incurring debts there, I am disposed to think that, so far as debts incurred by Chinese subjects are concerned, it relates exclusively to Chinese subjects in China who incur debts to British subjects in China. If however the Article has a wider scope, it would be better that the instructions I have suggested should be stated to be issued under Articles 22 and 23.\n\n13. I venture to think that the case is now ripe for considered action.\n\nI have, &c.,\n\nF. T. PIGGOTT.\n\n## 287", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 411506, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 6, "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "# \n5 \n\nof these considerations which the Committee desire to make, and that is that the extent of punishment exercisable by the Mixed Court, which by the draft amendments is fixed at five years, should be made ten years.\n\nThe jurisdiction of the Mixed Court has hitherto been vague, and it is no doubt desirable it should be defined; but it has, in point of fact, imposed sentences of imprisonment up to ten, and in one case at least up to twenty, years. No exception has been taken to the validity of the sentences. It is therefore a serious curtailment, which, it is submitted, on the experience of the past working of the Court is quite uncalled for, and in present circumstances is peculiarly to be deprecated. This is a suggestion which the Committee would respectfully but earnestly press on the consideration of Sir Edward Grey. Power to give sentences up to ten years with hard labour would practically make it unnecessary to send any cases out of the Settlement for trial except cases involving the death penalty; and it would also insure the speedy and certain trial of nearly all offenders, which is a better deterrent of crime than a possibly longer sentence by the city Magistrate, coupled with a fair chance of escaping altogether. No question of principle is involved in raising the limit from five to ten years, and only sentimental objections can be urged against it by the Chinese—a plea which, it is submitted, is surely entitled to little weight in view of the notorious fact that for more than forty years, since the Mixed Court was first instituted, they have not taken one single step towards the reform of the native city Courts.\n\nTo summarize the position briefly. The points on which the Association lay stress equally with the Shanghae community are the following:—\n\n1. The insertion of the word “practice\" in clause 11.\n2. The raising of the limit of powers of imprisonment from five to ten years.\n3. The insertion of the words \"in civil cases\" after the word \"except\" in line 1 of clause 4 (a).\n4. The omission of the words \"for confidential reasons\" in clause 2.\n5. The omission of the note to clause; or, in the alternative, the omission of the words in (b) “punishable by cangue or beating with bamboo,\" and the substitution of the following: \"for which the punishment according to Chinese law does not exceed ten years' imprisonment.\" In the latter case the note would not be required, and the use of the words,\" according to Chinese law,\" might make the change more palatable to the Chinese authorities.\n\nA Memorandum by Mr. R. S. Gundry, on certain points not touched upon in this letter, is inclosed herewith.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Telegraphic.)\n\n(Signed)\nJ. H. SCOTT, Chairman.\n\n## Inclosure 1 in No. 1\n\nChina Association, Shanghae, to China Association, London.\n\nMarch 9, 1907. Learn through Sir Pelham Warren, Foreign Office consent await receipt this Branch letter 8th February. Committee appreciate value word \"practice\"; willing acquiesce provided reserve right press later on comprehensive definite code.\n\n## Inclosure 2 in No. 1\n\nMemorandum respecting proposed New Rules for the Mixed Court.\n\nTHE Foreign Office have courteously awaited a letter from the Shanghae Branch of the Association, explaining more fully the objections to the proposed new Rules for the Mixed Court conveyed in their telegram of the 7th February.\n\nThat letter has now been received, as well as a subsequent telegram dated the 9th instant, acquiescing in the alterations recommended by the General Committee, provided that a right be reserved to press for a more comprehensive and definite revision later on.\n\nThe points raised in paragraphs 2 and 3 of the Shanghae note were foreseen and dealt with in the Memorandum by the Sub-Committee, which was considered at the Committee Meeting of the 6th instant. It will be sufficient to reaffirm the absolute necessity of including the word \"practice\" in Rule 11. The letter makes it abundantly clear that any ambiguity, any expression less definite, any attempt to convey the meaning in terms less precise, would be regarded with extreme disappointment.\n\nThe letter advances, besides, certain general reflections which demand consideration.\n\nFear is expressed by the Shanghae Committee lest the acceptance by foreign Powers of these Rules should \"indefinitely postpone the establishment of an adequate Tribunal, for the hearing of commercial suits, of the competence and impartiality which commerce of Shanghae involves and demands.” It may be answered, of course, that the object in question is precisely contemplated by Article XII of the Treaty of 1902; that when China has \"reformed her judicial system and brought it into accord with that of Western nations,\" the establishment of such a Tribunal will naturally follow. But the Committee—bearing in mind that five years have elapsed since that Treaty was signed, and that similar promises of reform were held out to Sir Rutherford Alcock in 1868, and to Sir Thomas Wade in 1876—are naturally anxious to make the best of existing machinery pending the uncertain evolution of a larger scheme.\n\nThe grave inconveniences that have arisen, and that are likely to arise to a continually increasing extent in China, from the want of a code of commercial law and Courts competent to administer it were emphasized by the Association in a communication to the Foreign Office dated the 17th March, 1899; and the General Committee will enter fully into the anxiety of the Shanghae Branch that no opportunity of introducing even local and partial remedies should be lost.\n\nFor the Mixed Court was intended to deal with civil as well as with criminal cases. The Rules under which it was brought into existence were admittedly meagre in the extreme. The need for a judicial authority of some sort to deal with the Chinese who had flocked into the Settlement was urgent. To admit the direct exercise of jurisdiction by the city Magistrate was to admit all the evils of Chinese administration, which continue unamended to the present. The Mixed Court was devised as admitting Chinese jurisdiction under measurable control, the anticipation being that a code of precedent and practice would be gradually built up. That was done. Agreements were made from time to time with the local authorities to meet new developments, and repeated appeals have been made to Peking that new Rules, based on established practice and agreements, should be framed.\n\nDisappointment is felt evidently that the draft under consideration fails to satisfy these conditions. It threatened, even in its original form, to annul, by omission, much that had been attained. That danger would be lessened materially by the contemplated amendments. But the uncertainty of the future in regard to judicial reform dictates the reasonable expression of a hope that the door will be left open for further revision as occasion may arise.\n\nSimilar considerations were brought by the American Association of China to the notice of the United States' Minister, Mr. Rockhill, a few months ago. Pointing out that the administration of the Mixed Court was of vital importance to all who reside within the limits of the international Settlements, the President (writing in the name of the Association) went on to remark:—\n\n\"The difficulty is especially with Chinese cases; but the impression made in the minds of some is that the law and procedure concerning such cases within the Settlement limits cannot be the same as with similar cases outside these limits. The Chinese themselves should be willing to acknowledge this if they intend to bring the law and judicial administration of China in harmony with those of Western nations.\"\n\nTo which Mr. Rockhill replied (on the 21st December) that a series of amendments to the 1869 Rules had been under discussion for several years past, adding:—\n\n\"While these amendments, if agreed to, will certainly greatly facilitate the administration of justice in the Mixed Court, they do not purport to provide definitely and completely for its government. They—as should be all rules and regulations for such a rapidly changing and developing place as Shanghae—are tentative, conceived only to further two ends: to facilitate the administration of justice, and harmonize the various interests involved.\n\nHere appears to be an admission of the probable need for further revision, which the Shanghae Committee desire to see placed on record.\n\nPage 3 \nPage 5", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416219, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 384, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government\n\nO. 14055\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n20 APR 08\n\n[April 4.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n[11447]\n\n(No. 82.) Sir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received April 4.)\n\nPeking, February 17, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of a despatch from His Majesty's Acting Consul-General at Mukden inclosing translation of a note from the acting Taotai at Harbin, in which the latter records a protest he has made against the claims which the Chinese Eastern Railway Company have advanced in connection with the administration of the railway settlement at that place.\n\nBefore this communication reached me I had already received a letter on the subject from my Russian colleague, copies of which and of my reply are likewise inclosed.\n\nAfter stating that there are unauthorized versions of the Agreement of the 8th September, 1896, between the Chinese Government and the Russo-Chinese Bank—a reference which is doubtless intended to apply to Rockhill's \"Collection of Treaties\"—M. Pokotilow quotes the original French text of the 6th Article of that Instrument, in accordance with which the Railway Company has the absolute and exclusive right of administering its railway territory. He asks me to bring this Article to the knowledge of British subjects who may have interests in the land belonging to the Railway Company, and to instruct the British Consular authorities to address themselves to the Russian Consul-General at Harbin in the matter of any explanations or representations connected with the interests of their nationals in the railway territory.\n\nM. Pokotilow called a few days later, and, alluding probably to the incident mentioned by Mr. Willis, explained that the German Minister had misunderstood the nature of the claim advanced with official sanction by the Railway Company, which did not aim at asserting any jurisdiction over non-Russian residents in its territory beyond that arising out of their interests therein. M. Pokotilow assured me that the Agreement of 1896 had been signed in French only, and that the translation of the document which the Chinese had made for their own use was entirely without authority.\n\nI pointed out to him that, even granting this to be the case, I could not accept a unilateral interpretation of an international instrument, and added that, as a question of principle was involved, I should be obliged to ask your instructions. This course was unlikely, I added, to entail any practical inconvenience, as there were no British Consular Representatives or British residents at Harbin.\n\nBy its agreement with the Chinese Government, the Chinese Eastern Railway Company had the right of acquiring land which was really necessary for the construction, \"exploitation,\" and protection of the line, and, acting on this authority, it acquired an area of some 47 square miles at Harbin, which it now proposes to convert into a Russian Concession under a code of Municipal Regulations and Obligatory Rules, translations of which are inclosed herewith in full.\n\nThe Chinese objection to the Russian administration of the railway territory at Harbin and other places may possibly be one which a strong Government would be justified in enforcing, but as China is not in a position to do so, the question arises how far other Powers, in the interests of their nationals, should fight her battle for her. Harbin and fifteen other places in Manchuria were opened under the Japanese Agreement of the 22nd December, 1905, as places of international residence and trade, and the principle of equality of treatment might justify exception being taken to the privileged position claimed by Russia. On the other hand, the Railway Company is in full possession of the land, and is in a position to exclude all but Russians from settling there unless they accept the terms prescribed by the Russian authorities. International residence and trade at Harbin are, in other words, practically conditional upon the acceptance of the Russian regulations, as all the best ground for commercial purposes is, I understand, comprised in the railway settlement. Russia is, in fact, following the example in these inland places which we set her at the Treaty ports some fifty years ago, with this difference, that we obtained our Concessions with the direct sanction of the Chinese Government.\n\n[2921 d-1]\n\nB", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416733, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 60, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "adopted by the Chinese Government itself to open certain localities to foreign trade. The phrase \"by China itself\" appearing in this connection in the recent Treaties is not held by this Government to carry with it any special significance.\n\nArticle 1 of the Komura Convention, signed at Peking in 1905, provides for the opening of sixteen different cities and towns in Manchuria \"by China itself.\" Among this number is the city of Harbin,\n\nAs to the methods pursued by the Chinese and various foreign Governments in the delimitation of Settlement areas in some of the more prominent ports opened under the early Treaties, some account of these operations, as well as a brief account of the action of this Government in reserving in every instance all rights of extra-territoriality for its citizens and their property located within the different Settlement areas, may be of interest.\n\nTien-tsin.\n\nThe Chinese Superintendent of Northern Trade, in 1860, just subsequent to the opening of Tien-tsin to foreign residence and trade, as provided by the various Treaties of that year, laid out in that port three tracts of land as Concessions or places of settlement for English, French, and American residents. The land areas measured off for the English and French Concessions were purchased by those Governments from the Chinese Government and then sold to persons of any foreign nationality desirous of buying. No such action was ever taken by the United States, the American purchasers, of whom there were several, buying directly from the Chinese Government those plots of ground confined within the limits of the so-called American Concession which they desired to secure. On the 27th June, 1896, this Concession was unreservedly handed back to the Chinese Government,\n\nDuring the Boxer disturbance in North China in 1900-01, various foreign Powers appropriated for Concessions large tracts of land in Tien-tsin and its environs. Those Powers which had previously possessed Concessions extended their respective boundaries, while the others secured new Concessions. These Concessions, together with the Rules and Regulations enacted for their administration and control by the foreign residents thereof, after being approved and promulgated by the foreign Governments primarily concerned, were finally recognized by the proper officers of this Government in China, the Ordinances of the various municipalities being held as applicable to those American citizens who reside on any of these Concessions,\n\nShanghae.\n\nShanghae was opened to international residence in 1842 by the Treaty of Nanking between China and Great Britain. By virtue of the agreement, France, in co-operation with China, measured off a certain area of land now called the French Concession. Another area was measured and set apart for Great Britain, and a third for the United States.\n\nIt appears, however, that the last two Governments did not accept separate Concessions, but acted in concert, and what was then known as the British Concession has now become an international Settlement.\n\nThe British Minister to China in 1862 refers as follows to the British Concession at Shanghae: \"It was neither a transfer nor a lease of the land in question to the British Crown; it was simply an agreement that British subjects should be allowed to acquire land for their personal accommodation within a certain space in order that they might have the advantage of living together. The land so acquired remains Chinese territory.\" The international Settlement still pays a small land tax to the Chinese Government.\n\nIn 1854 a code of Land Regulations was framed by the Consuls of England, France, and the United States, they representing at that time almost the whole foreign interests in Shanghae. The Regulations were approved by the Ministers of those Powers and by the Chinese Government authorities and local Representatives. They have received from time to time the sanction of other Powers.\n\nIn speaking of the municipal authority, Mr. Burlingame, the American Minister to China in 1863, says that it will not extend beyond simple municipal matters, rules, police, and taxes for municipal objects. That the Chinese not actually in foreign employ shall be under the control of the Chinese officers just as much as in a Chinese city. That each Consul shall have the government and control of his people as now,\n\nthe municipal authorities simply arresting offenders against the public peace, handing them over, and prosecuting them for their respective authorities, Chinese or others, as the case may be. There shall be a Chinese element in the municipal system to which reference shall be made and assent obtained to any measure affecting the Chinese residents.\"\n\nIn 1856 the French Government issued a set of Regulations for the municipal organization of the French Concession at Shanghae, which had been enlarged at different times by agreement with the local Chinese officials. Article 16 of the Regulations read\n\n\"No offender can be arrested within the limits of the Concession by order of a Judge or foreign Court, without permission from the Consul-General of France or one of his Agents.\"\n\nAlthough the French Government disclaimed at the time all intention to encroach on the rights of other nationalities, the United States and Great Britain energetically took up this point, refusing to be bound by Article 16. The draft of the collective note in protest by the Consuls and Representatives of other Powers in Shanghae shows the attitude of foreigners other than French in respect to these Regulations. The protest stated:-\n\n\"We are averse to any Treaty between the several Powers, or any of them, which grants to either or any of them jurisdiction of any kind over the subjects of another Government; nor is there any authority in the Chinese Government to grant such jurisdiction, since it has already renounced in favour of the several nationalities all of its natural powers over their respective subjects.\n\n\"It is manifest that to form at any Chinese port any municipal body which shall be enabled to levy taxes and to collect them at law, it is indispensable that the authorities of the several nationalities shall concur in creating the Rules or Regulations having such intent and effect.\n\n\"It must at all times be held incompetent to any foreign Power to make Laws or Rules operative on the subjects or citizens of any other State resident in the Chinese Dominions; and no Laws, Rules, or Regulations so promulgated can be admitted as having any application or obligatory force whatever upon subjects of other foreign States.\"\n\nLord Stanley, British Secretary of Foreign Affairs, writes to Earl Cowley, the 22nd April, 1867:\n\n\"It was quite competent to adopt this system for a separate municipal government under control of their Consul so far as the French subjects were concerned, but it was not competent to the French Government to assume or exercise thereby any personal jurisdiction over the subjects of other States resident or commorant on the French occupation or site or on any other part of Chinese territory, inasmuch as those subjects had obtained by Treaty the right of exemption from all jurisdiction\n\nbut that of their own State.\"\n\nThe result of all this agitation was that the French Government withdrew Article 16 of their proposed Regulations and substituted the following:-\n\n\"The Consul-General in consultation with the authorities under whose jurisdiction the foreign residents may be placed and in accordance with the principles of a just reciprocity shall determine the manner of the execution of warrants of arrest which their authorities may issue, as well as of all judgments and orders of seizure issued against strangers resident or in transitu in the Concession.\"\n\nThe American Government were not entirely satisfied even then with the disposition of the whole question brought up by the French Regulations.\n\nMr. Seward stated that the President \"sustains for the present the objections and protest which have been made against the French Regulations by the United States' Consul-General. This decision, however, is not conclusive for further proceedings. The decision is taken for the purpose of referring the whole matter to yourself for conference with the Representatives of Great Britain and Russia.\"\n\nApparently the matter was subsequently adjusted, and M. Moustier, French Minister for Foreign Affairs, admitted that the language which was adopted \"does not protect\n\nPage 60\nPage 61", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417111, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 437, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "4\n\nattitude. Unfortunately the whole of the district north of the northern district of the International Settlement and the most thickly populated in the whole area is in Paoshan. The inclusion of the Chapei district within the Settlement is equally certain to meet with strong opposition, but so large a portion of the area is foreign-owned that the objections of the Chinese may be less difficult to overcome. It is obvious, however, that the extension now asked for, though it may satisfy the community for a few years to come, cannot possibly be final any more than that of 1898. In course of time a demand for the incorporation within municipal limits of a large section of the Pootung district, with its extensive foreign-owned docks and wharves, is, I think, inevitable, but in the meanwhile the extension now asked for is sufficient for the needs of the Settlement. It should, however, include within its area the whole of the neighbourhood of the North Szechuan road extension, in which numbers of foreign residents are already living, and also the new recreation ground and the rifle range, and the opportunity might be taken to have the Soochow Creek, which harbours amongst its large boating population an unusual number of bad characters, likewise brought under municipal jurisdiction. The ideal extension would of course include as far as practicable all property now owned by foreigners, and, if such an extension could be obtained, it would be possible, as far as Shanghae is concerned, to settle the li-kin question once and for all by agreeing that the Settlement and harbour limits only should be the li-kin-free area.\n\nIn conclusion, as showing from other points of view the urgent need of an extension of the present area of the Settlement, I venture to quote the following extract from a leading article in the \"North China Daily News\" of the 31st March :—\n\n**In 1900, when the extension had been incorporated in the Settlement limits, we had a foreign and native population of 352,050 within an area of 5,618 acres, or 62·6 persons to the acre. Last year the estimated population was 523,000, or 93 inhabitants to the acre, and the population had increased by 47,000 over that of 1906. At this rate of increase in another five years we shall have a population of 758,700, giving a density of 135·05 to the acre. A comparison of these figures with those of other cities may be of interest :----\n\n \nPopulation (1907).\nArea. Acres.\nDensity.\n\nShanghae\n523,700\n5,618\n93\n\nLiverpool\n740,000\n17,792\n41.6\n\nManchester\n637,000\n19,893\n32.02\n\nBoston\n602,278\n24,618\n24·47\n\n\"It will be seen from the above Table that the Settlement with its present population should have an area of at least 12,000 acres, or more than double its present acreage. In spite of the number of buildings that go up year by year, the average number of persons to each house is steadily increasing, as will be shown by the following Table:-\n\n \n1900.\n1907.\n\n\"Foreign residents..\n416\n5·8\n\n\"Native residents ..\n6·88\n11·01\n\n\"Per house\n \n11\n\n\"These figures, especially when the small size of the bulk of the native houses is considered, are extraordinarily high. When it is realized that at the present rate of increase Shanghae in 1912 will have a population of upwards of three-quarters of a million, it must be evident that the time has come when both the Council and the Consular Body should move together for a large extension to the municipal area.”\n\nThe Council's letter applying for the extension was laid before the Consular Body at a meeting held on the 2nd instant. It was decided to adjourn the discussion of the question for a fortnight, by which time those members of the Body who desired to do so could communicate with their Ministers in Peking and obtain their views on the subject, I have the honour accordingly to submit the Council's application to your favourable consideration and to request your instructions as to the attitude which I should take up in the matter.\n\nIn addition to the Council's letter I inclose a letter from the China Association strongly supporting the proposed extension, a further letter from the Council to the Senior Consul reporting another encroachment by the Paoshan police on the North Chekiang road, and, lastly, a small plan of the Settlements, showing the railway line and the area indicated for the extension.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed)\n\nSir,\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nPELHAM L. WARREN.\n\nShanghae Municipal Council to M. Siffert.\n\nCouncil Room, Shanghae, May 28, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inform the Consular Body that a foreign police constable was yesterday assaulted on the North Chekiang road, and an attempt made to secure his arrest, by the native police from one of the small stations recently established on the outskirts of the Settlement.\n\nAs is very generally known, this road for a distance of about 300 yards south of the railway station lies along the Settlement boundary, and during the last few months collisions of this character have been not infrequent, a state of affairs which the Council regards as fraught with serious consequences and calling for redress.\n\nThe main facts of the case in point are reported in this morning's newspapers with substantial accuracy, and it is not the Council's wish to make any detailed statement in view of the forthcoming proceedings at the Mixed Court. It is, however, to be noted that the two native police who were arrested and detained at the West Hongkew station have been liberated at the express application of the Taotai Wong, the official responsible for their actions. He stated that if they remained in custody the discipline of the remainder of his men would be impaired, and, upon a guarantee for their appearance at Court, his request was granted.\n\nThe more general question of police authority in this district, however, became a subject for discussion by the Council, with the result that I have the honour to seek the support of your colleagues and yourself to the proposition that all the lands lying between the Settlement and the railway line be incorporated within municipal limits and made liable to administration under the Land Regulations.\n\nThe reasons which the Council adduces for this course may be briefly stated as follows:-\n\n1. The expression, in Article 6 of the Regulations, \"on the admission by vote of public meeting of any tracts of land into the limits of the municipal authority\" is clear evidence that the situation which has arisen was contemplated when the Code was framed, and the conditions which preceded the extension arranged ten years ago were not more difficult than those which at present confront the community.\n\n2. The nominal boundary of the Settlement on the north is, for practical purposes, obliterated, merely threading its way through continuous house property; and if the authority of the municipal police were exactly limited by this line, the difficulties of detective and patrol work would be almost insuperable.\n\n3. The plan of Paoshan displays how large a proportion of the land in question has been registered under the Regulations, and the fact that it cannot be taxed under similar authority constitutes alike an anomaly and a reasonable cause for complaint on the part of owners of land within the line.\n\nThe question as affecting the public health of the Settlement has already been brought to your notice in previous despatches, and there is to be added the serious fact that, in the absence of any authoritative means of road construction or supervision of buildings, the district is growing in a manner which, in view of modern requirements for ventilation, fire protection, and general security, cannot be regarded as otherwise than highly unsatisfactory.\n\n(1905 k~5]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417571, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 283, "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "279\n\n2\n\nprepare a comprehensive scheme of constitutional government and to make recommendations as to the measures to be introduced in preparation for the assembly of a House of Representatives.\n\nThe memorialists have carefully studied the systems existing amongst other nations, and have endeavoured to select therefrom such provisions as are most suited to the requirements and traditions of China. The principle which they have throughout kept in view is that supreme authority must always remain with the Sovereign, and that the Constitution is founded on him. The House of Representatives is only a part of the Constitution, and cannot therefore introduce on its own authority any changes in the system of government. The object of the memorialists has been to prepare a system whereby, whilst the Sovereign's prerogative is in no way diminished, the people's interests may be advanced as much as possible.\n\nAs regards the methods of election to the House of Representatives, a list of Regulations is submitted, but more detailed Rules will subsequently be drawn up after further study of the question.\n\nMany preparatory measures must be introduced before the nation can be considered ready for the institution of a House of Representatives. As regards administrative measures which must be effected, the most important are the reform of the financial system and the taking of a census; and in a lesser degree the assimilation of Manchus and Chinese, the preparation of a code of laws, and the appointment of judicial officers. The chief means of preparing the people for the opening of a House of Representatives are the diffusion of education and the experience which they will gain from the establishment of Local Government Councils.\n\nThe memorialists recommend that nine years should be allowed for preparation prior to the convocation of a House of Representatives, i.e., until the year 1917.\n\nLists of the various Regulations prepared by the memorialists are appended.\n\nConstitutional Government.\n\nOUTLINE of a Scheme of Constitutional Government and General Rules with reference to the inauguration of a House of Representatives and the Method of Election thereto.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nA general control of all measures of government—legislative, administrative, or judicial—is vested in the Sovereign, but he is assisted in legislation by the Parliament, in the administration by his officers, and in judicial matters by the Courts, which are bound by the laws of the country.\n\nSection 1.—The Functions of the Sovereign.\n\n1. The sovereign power is vested for ever in the Ta Ch'ing dynasty.\n\n2. The person of the Sovereign is sacred and his prerogatives cannot be encroached upon.\n\n3. He has the power to proclaim laws and to sanction measures passed by Parliament. No measure passed by Parliament is effective until the Imperial assent has been signified.\n\n4. He has the power to summon, open, close, or dissolve the House of Representatives, and in the latter event will then issue instructions for a new election.\n\n5. The organization of the public service and the power of promoting or degrading officials. In this matter the Sovereign has the assistance of his high Ministers of State, and the House of Representatives cannot interfere.\n\n6. Administration of the land and sea forces, over which the House of Representatives has no control.\n\n7. International relations, including declarations of war, conclusion of Treaties, appointment and reception of Envoys. Such matters cannot be decided by the House of Representatives.\n\n8. The right to issue Edicts on his own initiative in times of crisis.\n\n9. The right of granting honours and pardons.\n\n10. General control of the administration of justice. This power is delegated by the Sovereign to the Courts, which are bound by the laws of the country, and these laws cannot be modified at will even by the Sovereign himself.\n\n11. The right of issuing Ordinances (\"Ming Ling\"), but such enactments have not the effect of altering or annulling established laws until discussed by the House of Representatives, submitted by Memorial to the Throne and approved.\n\n12. In the event of any crisis arising during the Parliamentary recess, the Sovereign has the right to issue mandates having the force of law and to raise whatever funds are required by this means. The matter must, however, be brought before the House of Representatives for discussion in the next Session.\n\n13. The expenditure for the Imperial household is regulated by the Sovereign, the amount required annually being drawn from the Treasury. This matter cannot be discussed by the House of Representatives.\n\n14. The laws for the government of the Imperial household are fixed by the Sovereign in consultation with members of the Imperial Family and officers specially appointed for the purpose. The House of Representatives has no concern therewith.\n\nSection 2.—The Rights and Duties of Officials and People.\n\n1. The right (subject to the possession of the necessary qualifications as fixed by law or Imperial Ordinance) of becoming civil or military officers or Members of the House of Representatives.\n\n2. The right, within the bounds of the law, of freedom of speech and of publication, of holding public meetings, and forming associations.\n\n3. Officials and people cannot be arrested, imprisoned, or otherwise punished except in accordance with law.\n\n4. The right of calling upon the Courts to try cases brought by them.\n\n5. They can only be tried in the proper Courts established by law.\n\n6. Freedom from unwarrantable interference with their property and dwellings.\n\n7. With regard to their obligations, they must pay such taxes and perform such military service as may be required by law.\n\n8. Taxes cannot be altered except by law.\n\n9. It is the duty of officials and people to obey the laws of the State.\n\nSection 3.—General Rules with regard to the House of Representatives.\n\n1. The House of Representatives has only the right of debate. It has no administrative functions, and its Resolutions do not become effective until the receipt of Imperial sanction.\n\n2. Only matters affecting the general interests of the whole country can be debated. The ordinary local affairs of a province cannot be discussed.\n\n3. All necessary annual disbursements fixed by the Sovereign or required by law cannot be withheld or decreased by the House of Representatives without the consent of the Government.\n\n4. The House of Representatives has the duty of assisting in the preparation of the annual estimates of revenue and expenditure of the country.\n\n5. In the event of any officer of the Government committing an offence against the laws, the House of Representatives has only the power to impeach him. The right of appointing and dismissing his officers is still vested in the Sovereign.\n\n6. The Resolutions of the House of Representatives cannot be submitted to the Throne until passed by both Houses.\n\n7. All measures submitted to the Throne by the House of Representatives shall be presented in the form of a Memorial by the President (“I Chang”).\n\n8. Members of the House of Representatives must not use disrespectful language with regard to the Throne, or make slanderous or offensive statements with reference to individuals, and they will be liable to fine or other punishment if they disobey this rule.\n\n9. At the opening of the House of Representatives it is the duty of the President to make provision for the maintenance of order, and in the event of any infringement of the Rules of Parliament, he may require the offender to keep silent or order him to leave the House.\n\n[2029 6-3]\n\nB 2", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417603, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 315, "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "HONG KONG\n\nDOMESTIC.\n\nNo. 43668\n\n28 NOV 28\n\nInternational Option formicon States answer it is proposed to five to W Watt's question on 3 sec 6.o. approves.\n\nMr Autrokes.\n\n(Minutes.)\n\n& ask whether Sir E. Suey is prepared to say this, we need not object; but his ignorance of Laidlaw's views will cause some surprise.\n\nI have no knowledge of the reais (if any) the other of the Commissioners.\n\n...\n\nNo. 43668\n\n311\n\nC O.\n\nFor previous Paper.\n\n3605\n\n1908\n\nPage information is not explicitly given but the following lines seem to be related to subsequent papers or references:\n\nNoa 43668\n\n(Subject.)\n\nGA&E. W.-17022724-\n\n230-10-08\n\n25711\n\nRht. Nov. 30.\n\nJelur 30.11\n\nXII\n\n1.12.\n\nThe text appears to be a jumbled collection of fragments. The main coherent section starts from \"International Option formicon States...\" and continues until \"the other of the Commissioners.\"\n\nSome parts like \"ice or Individual,\" \"For,\" \"No,\" \"C O.,\" \"Geother ? Conce,\" \"Ил hell DVA,\" and \"مره\" seem out of context or possibly OCR errors.\n\nFile references and dates are scattered throughout the text, e.g., \"No. 43668,\" \"28 NOV 28,\" \"1908,\" \"Nov. 30,\" \"30.11,\" and \"1.12.\"\n\nSome lines like \"GA&E. W.-17022724- 230-10-08\" could be file or code references.\n\n \nAs there is not enough context to properly reorder or correct all OCR errors, the output is kept as close to the original as possible while still applying basic formatting.\n\nHowever, to follow the exact output format requested (HTML using for paragraphs), here is the revised response:\n\nHONG KONG\n\nDOMESTIC.\n\nNo. 43668\n\n28 NOV 28\n\nInternational Option formicon States answer it is proposed to five to W Watt's question on 3 sec 6.o. approves. Mr Autrokes.\n\n(Minutes.) & ask whether Sir E. Suey is prepared to say this, we need not object; but his ignorance of Laidlaw's views will cause some surprise.\n\nI have no knowledge of the reais (if any) the other of the Commissioners.\n\nNo. 43668\n\n311\n\nC O.\n\nFor previous Paper.\n\n3605\n\n1908\n\nNoa 43668\n\n(Subject.)\n\nGA&E. W.-17022724- 230-10-08\n\n25711\n\nRht. Nov. 30.\n\nJelur 30.11\n\nXII\n\n1.12.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417876, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 588, "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "To inform you that it appears to be the case that Mr. Fox contends in his contention and that section 29 of the China Order in Council 1904 must be limited by section 1 of that Order.\n\nService of a Hong Kong writ in HM's Courts in China can only be effected through the China Consular Office or individual consular officers.\n\nPrevious Papers: HONG KONG EASTERN No. 46946 (Subject.) 584 DOMESTIC. C.O 46346 RECTIFIED REG! 23 DEC 08 International Opium Commission, Low. Copy of instructions to British Delegates with enclosures.\n\n(Minutes.) Mr. Stubbs said: I think we should send a confidential dispatch to H.K. As to getting copies from the Opium Commission. It is clear that HM has jurisdiction over such persons as have any jurisdiction in that country.\n\nPage 363\n\n...\n\nSa Code (3 - W. & S. Ltd-20stk - 25000-11-7, -W. & S. 1.-23140--- 15220-11-07.\n\nsubsequent Paper.\n\nPage 363", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 418036, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 748, "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "owns or is in possession of opium paste without holding a licence as required by Articles 3 and 4, section 1, or who without a licence as required by Articles 3 and 4, sections 2, 3, and 4, owns or is in possession of smoking implements shall be liable to not more than one year major imprisonment or a fine of not more than 1,000 yen.\n\nAny person owning or being in possession of any compound having the virtue of raw opium or opium paste, or who, not being a physician, chemist, retailing druggist, or manufacturing chemist, shall own or be in possession of opium powder without holding a licence as required by Article 4, section 5, shall be liable to the same penalty.\n\nArt. 16. Under the circumstances mentioned in Articles 8 and 15, the goods shall be confiscated, or, in the event of their having been already consumed, a fair compensation shall be paid.\n\nArt. 17. Persons punished under this Ordinance may have the penalty changed from imprisonment to a fine in the proportion of 2 yen for each day of imprisonment, In reckoning the amount the correct number of days shall be deducted in the above proportion.\n\nIn this case, the Judge may hear the Procurator's opinion and give judgment without public trial.\n\nArt. 18. A person who does not pay any of the fine shall in lieu thereof be detained in confinement for not more than five years.\n\nIn the case of a person so detained, the Judge shall give judgment in accordance with the Procurator's statement and fix the period of detention without public trial.\n\nWhen a person condemned to a fine has paid part of the fine, when fixing the term of detention, regard must be had to the proportion of the amount of the original fine to the number of days the offender is to be detained and a proper number of days deducted from the term of detention.\n\nWhen the fine is paid during the term of detention, the remaining days must be paid for in the above proportion.\n\nArt. 19. If the member of the family, or an employé, of a person to whom a licence has been granted to sell opium paste in accordance with Article 4, or of a person who is selling under official authority, infringes this Ordinance in pursuance of his occupation, the employer as well as the seller shall be punished.\n\nArt. 20. Section 1 of Chapter 5 of the second part of the Criminal Code does not apply to this Ordinance.\n\nAnnex 2.\n\nYear\nRaw Opium Imported. (Customs Returns, ) Quantity. Value.\nOpium Paste Sold. (Retail) Quantity. Value.\nLicensed Smokers, Number.\nRemarks.\n\n1900\nLbs. £ 500,080\n860,464\n\n1901\n438,812 471,274\n165,752 364,672\n\n1902\n240,669 265,157\n323.601 152,044\n\n1903\n305,962 153,822\n286,817 385,967\n\n1904\n111,312 185,646\n116,819 320,021\n\n1905\n400,423 416,533\n298,570 326,998\n\n1906\n421,594 272,901\n176,748 349,932\n\n1907\n503,045 581,818 343,353\n357,403 232,338 113,165 0\n\n£ 130,401 137,952 130,476 123,650\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Governmen\n\nB] CHINA TRADE, CONFIDENTIAL. [43022]\n\nSir,\n\nNo. 1. 743 0.0 217 [December 9.] Sedhtar 2. JAN 09:\n\nColonial Office to Foreign Office.-(Received December 9.)\n\nDowning Street, December 9, 1908.\n\nI AM directed by the Earl of Crewe to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 1st instant forwarding a draft of instructions to the British Delegates on the International Opium Conference at Shanghae.\n\n2. Certain alterations are required in two paragraphs of the draft to bring them into accordance with present conditions, and Lord Crewe would suggest that they should be amended as shown in the first inclosure to this letter. Subject to this, his Lordship concurs in the terms of the instructions.\n\n3. I am to take this opportunity of transmitting, for the information of Secretary Sir E. Grey, copies of two letters which have been addressed to Sir Cecil Smith. The permission to communicate through Sir Pelham Warren was given after unofficial communication with your Department, and Lord Crewe will be glad if instructions can be issued to that officer accordingly.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed) R. L. ANTROBUS.\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nDraft Instructions to British Delegates to the International Opium Commission at Shanghae.\n\nIN the Straits Settlements a Commission has been appointed by the Governor to investigate the question as affecting both the Colony and the Federated Malay States and His Majesty's Government expect shortly to receive the views of the Governor and High Commissioner on the opinions and recommendations formulated by the Commissioners. Copies of the Report and evidence are not yet available for your use, but they will be furnished to you at a later date.\n\nThe attitude of His Majesty's Government towards the opium question, with special reference to the opium divans in Hong Kong and the Malay Peninsula, was made the subject of debate in the House of Commons on the 6th May last, when the policy of His Majesty's Government was explained by the Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies.\n\nA report of the debate is annexed for your information. Correspondence is now in progress with the Governor of Hong Kong as to the procedure for giving effect to the resolution adopted by the House of Commons.\n\nWhile the number of licensed smokers appear to have decreased, the sale of opium has increased annually from 1901 to 1905. Later figures are not obtainable.\n\n(Confidential.) Sir,\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nColonial Office to Sir C. Smith.\n\nDowning Street, December 4, 1908.\n\nWITH reference to the letter from this Department of even date, I am directed by the Earl of Crewe to inform you that he has learnt by telegraph that the officers whom the Governments of the Straits Settlements and Hong Kong have respectively selected to assist you at the Opium Conference are Mr. W. D. Barnes, Secretary for Chinese Affairs in the Straits Settlements, and Mr. C. Clementi, Assistant Colonial Secretary of Hong Kong.\n\n2. The latter appointment raises a question of some difficulty. Mr. Clementi, in carrying out the work of investigating the financial results of closing the opium divans in Hong Kong, which had been assigned to him by the Colonial Government, has written a Memorandum which shows that the conclusions to which his inquiries", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421064, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "page_number": 374, "title": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "content_text": "1.772 \n\n**C.O** \n25500 \n306 \n\n**RECO Rec 25 AUG 09** \n\n## THE IMPERIAL MERCHANT SERVICE GUILD\n\nThe Assistant Secretary, \nKarine Department, \nBoard of Trade.\n\nThe Arcade, \nLord Street, \nLiverpool.\n\n8th January, 1909.\n\nSir,\n\nI am requested to forward to you the enclosed copy of a communication which we have received from Mr G. Ainslie, serving as an Officer on board the British steamer \"Wenchow\". Mr Ainslie voices a complaint similar to others which have reached us from time to time. He recites actual cases which have arisen where much unnecessary trouble and anxiety have arisen owing to the fact that signals displayed at the different ports on the Coast of China have a different meaning to that contained in the International Code. We feel that perhaps by this means it is a matter which might be brought to the notice of the Consul General in China when perhaps as a result of his influence those who display the signals complained of at the different ports might change them, and thus avoid further misapprehension and consequent trouble in the future.\n\nI am, etc.\n\n(SD) T MOORE \nSecretary", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421065, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "page_number": 375, "title": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "content_text": "## Amoy \nDec.2nd 1908 \n\nThe Secretary, \nMerchant Service Guild, \nLiverpool. \n\nDear Sir, \n\nI venture to submit to you the following remarks as to the abuse of the practice of using flags of the International Code for private purposes by Harbour Authorities etc. and to suggest a means of remedying the consequent confusion hoping that if the idea outlined below seems desirable and practicable it will be submitted by you to the proper authorities for consideration. \n\nIn many ports abroad and at home various flags of the International Code have been appropriated as call flags by Dock Companies, Shipchandlers, etc., also by shipowners to denote a number assigned to the ships, and by Harbour Authorities as berthing signals and to convey information regarding incoming steamers. In the first case the use of the flags J and E which have a special significance in the British Signal Manual is likely to lead to embarrassing mistakes more especially if a man of war be in port. For instance in this port E is the call flag for an Engineering Co. and J for a water boat company. I have taken steps to bring this before the notice of the authorities here. \n\nIn Shanghai local steamers have numbers assigned to...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421066, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "page_number": 376, "title": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "content_text": "# \n363\n\nto them by Marryat's Code in which most of the flags are identical with flags in the International Code; therefore it is quite a common thing to see a steamer coming up the river flying a most alarmingly urgent signal and men of war have frequently been deceived by these signals lowering boats—despatching men, collision mats etc to render supposed required assistance. Again I remember an instance some years ago whilst lying in Manila Bay a ship had up \"N\" to call for a water boat and \"M\" for a steam launch. This was read on shore and afloat as \"N M\" I am on fire and assistance came from all directions Fire Float, troops, bluejackets etc greatly to the chagrin of the Officers of the ship in question and the annoyance of the fire brigade etc.\n\nI enclose lists of local signals in use in the various China ports and a perusal of these will show you the extent to which this confusion of signals has gone.\n\nNow Sir, I think if a special distinguishing flag or symbol was adopted for use with flags intended to be read in their local sense only and not according to the code or the Signal Manual all this confusion would be avoided; it could be called the local sign if a symbol were adopted or the local sign flag or pennant and should be hoisted above any flag or flags of the Commercial Code whenever or wherever such are used as signals with local meanings apart from their possible significance in the Code book or signal manual. No 6 of Marryat's Code might possibly be suitable or a square blue flag or a ball etc. Please get the views of others as to this confusion in other ports abroad.\n\nWith every good wish.\n\nYours faithfully,\n(SD) GEO R. AINSLIE", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421067, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "page_number": 377, "title": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "content_text": "Any further communication should be addressed to:--\n\n**The Assistant Secretary, Marine Department**\n\nAnd the following letter and number should be quoted:----\n\n`M772`\n\nTelegraphic Address.\n\n**BOARD TRADE, MARINE. LONDON.**\n\n(Copy)\n\n`C.O 28500`\n`RECP 309`\n`Recd 25 AUG 09`\n\n**MARINE DEPARTMENT, 7, WHITEHALL GARDENS, LONDON, S.W.**\n\nSir,\n\n19th January, 1909\n\nWith reference to your letter of the 5th November last (`Ko K.11497`) and previous correspondence relating to the improper use of signals from the International Code I am directed by the Board of Trade to forward for the information of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty the accompanying copy of a letter with enclosures from the Merchant Service Guild from which it will be seen that the practice of using flags of the international code for the purpose of making special local signals obtains at certain Chinese ports, the signals being apparently prescribed by the local harbour or Customs Authorities in at least some cases.\n\nIn these circumstances the Board would suggest for Their Lordships consideration that the enclosed correspondence might be forwarded to the Commander in Chief on the China Station who might be asked to institute enquiries into the matter and if he finds that the conditions are such that inconvenience or misunderstanding is likely to arise from the practice referred to, might take such action as may be feasible with a view to preventing such inconvenience or misunderstanding.\n\nI have, etc.\n\n(Sd) **WALTAR J. HOWELL**\n\nThe Secretary,\nAdmiralty.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421068, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "page_number": 378, "title": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "content_text": "**(COPT)**\n\n`M.18328`\n`C.O 20500`\n`330`\n\n**RECE Rec 25 AUG 09.**\n\nAdmiralty, \n16th August, 1909.\n\nSir,\n\nWith reference to previous correspondence with regard to confusion caused by signals in the International Code being given an entirely different local signification at various ports, I am commanded by my Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty to transmit herewith copy of a letter dated 26th June from the Commander in Chief on the China Station with enclosures in original and to request that the suggestion made by Admiral Lambton may be considered by the Board of Trade.\n\nIt is requested the enclosures to Admiral Lambton's letter may be returned.\n\nI am, etc.,\n\n**(SD) C.I. THOMAS**\n\nThe Secretary, \nBoard of Trade.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421069, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "page_number": 379, "title": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "content_text": "(COPY) M.18328\n\nFrom Commander in Chief\nChina Station\n26th June 1909 No 445/144\nC.0 28500\nREC'd 25 AUG 09\n\nTo The Secretary of the\nAdmiralty\n\nSubject **MERCHANT VESSELS - Improper use of Flags from International Code**\n\nEnclosures as in schedule.\n\nSubmitted with reference to Admiralty letter `.831` of the 26th January 1909.\n\nEnquiries have been made from the Commercial Ports on the Station and the replies show that there is some possibility of confusion arising at Hoy Tientsin, Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Singapore as shown in the enclosed letters and I would suggest that the Board of Trade be requested to bring the fact to the notice of the Port Authorities, at these places with a view to arranging for a special symbol to be hoisted superior to any flags from the International Code when they are used for purely local purposes.\n\nNo change appears to be called for at other ports on the Station from which replies have been received.\n\n(SD) H.LAMBERTON,\nVice Admiral.\n\n371", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421070, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "page_number": 380, "title": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "content_text": "# Enclosure No. 1 in China Station letter No. 445/144 dated 26 June 1909\n\n## H.B.M. Consulate, Amoy\n### 22 March, 1909.\n\nPage 32\n\nSir,\n\nI have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Circular of the 11th instant having reference to the local use of International Code flags.\n\nIn Amoy the following are used:\n| Flag | Meaning |\n| --- | --- |\n| F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, U, V, Y | indicate various moorings and berthings in the inner harbour. |\n| O | is the call for the doctor |\n| D | is the call for a signalman |\n| P | is the call for a pilot |\n| T | is hoisted on Wednesdays and Saturdays at half mast at 11.46 am and at the mast head at 11.56 am and is hauled down at noon simultaneously with gun fire. |\n\nVessels belonging to all lines trading regularly with Amoy make their numbers (local not official) in the Karryat Code.\n\nI have, etc.:\n\n**(SD) A. J. Sundius.**\nConsul\n\nVice Admiral the Hon Sir Hedworth Lambton K.C.B., K.C.M.G.\nCommander in Chief, China Station.\nHong Kong.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421071, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "page_number": 381, "title": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "content_text": "## Enclosure No 2 in China Station letter No `445/144` dated 26 June 1909\n\n373\n\nSir,\n\nH.M.Consulate General, Tientsin \nApril 27th 1909.\n\nI have the honour to acknowledge receipt of your Excellency's despatch of the 11th ultimo requesting a list of local signals in use at the Port of Tientsin.\n\nIn reply I have the honour to report for your information that the Flags of the International Code used for signalling amongst the shipping at this port are as follows:-\n\nAny Five Flags of the International Code hoisted at the mast head of a steamer denote \"I want a Lighter\" \nB. \"I want coolies\" also denotes munitions of war on board \nL. Is used as the Customs call. \nN. Tow boat from the Taku tug and lighter company. \nP. Steamer clearing. \nQ. Quarantined \nW. Towboat from Butterfield and Swire.\n\nI have, etc.\n\n**(SD) H.E. FULFORD,** \nConsul General.\n\nHis Excellency Vice Admiral \nSir Hedworth Lambton K.C.V.O., K.C.B., \netc etc etc \nH.M.S. `King Alfred` \nHong Kong", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421072, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "page_number": 382, "title": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "content_text": "# 374 (COPY)\n\nEnclosure No 3 in China station letter No `445/144` dated 26 June 1909\n\n## H.K.S.\"Astraea\" at Shanghai\n26 March 09.\n\nSir,\n\nIn compliance with your Memorandum dated 11th instant I have the honour to report that the International Code Pendant is used at Shanghai to indicate that the Ash Boat is required alongside and I submit that this might be mistaken for answering signals from British Merchant Ships.\n\n2. The other Local Signals at this Port as given in the China Coaster are too clearly stated to cause confusion.\n\nI have etc\n**(3D) F.ECHYAN,**\nCaptain Senior Naval Officer,\nShanghai.\n\nThe Commander in Chief \nH.M.Ships and Vessels, \nChina.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421073, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "page_number": 383, "title": "CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12]", "content_text": "## Enclosure\n\nSir,\n\n375\n\nEnclosure in China Station letter No. `445/144` dated 26th June 1909.\n\n**GOVERNMENT HOUSE.**\n**HONG KONG.**\n\nReferring to Your Excellency's letter of the 11th instant, I have the honour to forward a list of Signals made with flags of the International Code which are, by the authority of the Harbour Master, used locally.\n\n(Sd.) \nI have etc. \nF.D. LUGARD \n**GOVERNOR**\n\nHis Excellency \nThe Vice Admiral.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-359 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422957, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 360, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "## \n\noriginal contracting parties, with which no outsider could claim the right of interference. I then suggested increasing the Szuchuan-Hankow portion of the loan by £500,000, making a total loan of £6,000,000, the Americans to have a participation of £1,500,000, as for account of the Szuchuan-Hankow portion, equivalent at the same time to 25 per cent. of the whole loan. By this means it seemed to me the face of all parties would be saved, while America would receive her full rights in terms of the Ch'ing-Conger convention of 1903. Fletcher thought the suggestion a good one, and believed that it would satisfy his Government; he would wire it in substance, although not as coming from me, since I warned him that I had no power to make any proposals, it was a personal suggestion.\n\nThe same evening I went with Cordes to see the deputies, informed them of what had passed between Fletcher and myself, and asked them to report it to the Grand Secretary, and ascertain if he would be prepared to agree to the increase of £500,000. in case the scheme came to anything. At 11 o'clock that night the deputies came with a message from Chang Chih-tung, saying that he approved of the scheme and agreed to the proposed increase of the loan, and asking us to do everything possible to get the Americans and our own groups to come to a settlement on this basis.\n\nThe next day I went to see Fletcher, and laid before him the two clauses as embodied in my telegram to you of yesterday, and which I proposed to wire to you in the form of a recommendation. Fletcher said that it correctly expressed the proposal we had discussed the previous day, in his opinion it would satisfy his government, and he would wire it with his recommendation. At the same time he mentioned that, to his telegram suggesting an increase of the loan as a basis for compromise, he had received a reply stating that there was no objection to this arrangement, provided it secured to the Americans equal participation \"in every respect\"; he presumed this meant equality of treatment with regard to loan, service, &c., but he had wired for an explanation. I returned to the bank to code my telegram to you, and was followed almost immediately by Fletcher, with a telegram he had just received from Washington answering his enquiry. It simply reaffirmed the American claim in the fullest and most uncompromising terms, as will be seen from the following extract furnished me by Fletcher: \"American participation to include all rights with regard to materials, engineers, auditors, and any other benefit which would naturally accompany one-fourth interest in the loan.\" I pointed out to Fletcher that, as this revived the engineer question which I understood to have been waived, and must also be interpreted to mean participation in future issues for the Canton-Hankow Railway, which we regarded as inadmissible, further discussion between us was obviously waste of time. He agreed with me, but asked me not to look upon what he had communicated to me as an ultimatum; he could only account for the stiff attitude of his Government by the assumption that they were irritated by the result of the London conference.\n\nThe next day I went to see Liang Tun-yen, President of the Wai-wu Pu, and told him all that had taken place, most of which, of course, he knew already. He had seen Fletcher, who had shown him his telegram. Liang said that he was at his wits' ends what to do, and the old Grand Secretary, who had behaved throughout with dignity and a sincere desire to do the right thing, was worn out with worry and anxiety. The Americans were unreasonable in the extreme, and were taking advantage of China's weakness to put her in a most humiliating position. At the same time they could not lose sight of the fact that friendship with America was the key of their foreign policy, it was to America that they looked for protection from future Japanese aggression, and they could not afford to ignore her wishes. I agreed with him that, reduced to a bare financial basis, the difference between ourselves and the Americans was out of all proportion to the heat and friction that was being evolved, but there were principles at stake which could not be lightly ignored, either by the Chinese Government or ourselves, and it baffled my ingenuity to suggest any other way of satisfying the Americans that would not infringe one or other of these. All I could do now was to report to him the unsuccessful results of my efforts at a solution, and it was for himself or the Grand Secretary to make the next move. He quite concurred, and said he considered the banks had been most reasonable. In reply to his enquiry, I told him that my proposal was embodied in my telegram to you, of which I gave him the substance, and he said he would see Fletcher and try to induce him to wire the proposal to Washington; also he would send a private wire to Rockhill, now due in Washington, and ask him to explain the situation.\n\nIn face of the heavy guns brought into action by President Taft, the contest becomes hopelessly unequal, and unless our Governments are prepared to come to our support, the choice lies between yielding to the American demands, or leaving the agreement exposed to all the dangers of a situation beset with ever-increasing international complications. My own opinion is we have got to yield, but the move should come from the Chinese Government, or from our own Government, not from us. If the Chinese Government asks us, in order to put an end to the situation, to admit the Americans to a full one-fourth participation in the loan, we are hardly in a position to refuse, but so far they have not done so. If, on the other hand, our Governments are prepared to come to our support, not to the extent of insisting upon ratification of the agreement, but to the extent of protecting it against all comers until such time as China is in a position to ratify it, an impasse would be created which would throw upon America all the odium and responsibility for the indefinite postponement of all further railway progress in the Yangtse Valley. I do not think that any of us would seriously countenance such a policy, least of all our own Governments, but the question of national dignity remains, and the high-handed action of President Taft has forced it into somewhat disagreeable prominence, not only for China but for the other Powers concerned.\n\nIf, after every effort at friendly compromise has been rejected, we are forced to submit finally to the dictation of America, there can be no doubt as to the position America will take out here in the future.\n\nYours very truly,\n**E. G. HILLIER.**\n\n358\n\nPage 360\nPage 361", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423266, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 669, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# CHINA RAILWAYS\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[35332]\n\n## No. 1\n\n### SECTION 1\n\nMr. Carnegie to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received September 22.)\n\n**(No. 377.)**\nSir,\nParis, September 21, 1909.\n\nWITH reference to Sir Francis Bertie's telegram No. 150 of the 8th instant, I have the honour to transmit herewith copy of a note from M. Pichon containing his observations on the recent proposals made by His Majesty's Government in regard to the international railway loan in China.\n\nM. Pichon states that the French Government have no objection to the participation of the Americans in the loan, and are ready to join with the other Powers in endeavouring to obtain from the Chinese Government an engagement respecting the construction of the whole of the Szechuan line.\n\nHe considers, however, that it is unlikely that either the American, German, or French groups will be satisfied with a fourth of the Szechuan line while the British group possesses, in addition to their fourth, the direction of the first section of the Hankow-Canton line. The condition of the new agreement must be a strict equality of advantages. His Excellency further points out that it may be difficult to exclude Russia and Japan from the new combination. He concludes by stating that the French Government are ready to join with His Majesty's Government, on the basis of equality of advantages, in the steps taken for obtaining a contract for the construction of the different lines in China.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nL. D. CARNEGIE,\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1\n\n**Aide-mémoire by M. Pichon**\n\nPAR une note remise par l'Ambassadeur d'Angleterre à Paris le 8 septembre courant, le Gouvernement anglais a proposé, en vue de mettre fin à la stagnation des négociations pour l'emprunt international des chemins de fer en Chine, que les groupes anglais, français, et allemand admettent la participation du groupe américain et divisent la ligne du Setchuen de Hankéou à Tehentou en quatre sections égales. Les intéressés devraient obtenir préalablement du Gouvernement chinois soit la construction de la ligne totale, soit une garantie de s'adresser aux quatre Puissances pour le capital nécessaire à l'extension au delà d'Itchang.\n\nLe Gouvernement français, si les Gouvernements anglais et allemand estiment impossible la signature définitive du contrat dans les conditions où il a été paraphé, n'élèvera pas d'objections à la participation américaine. Il se joindra également à toute démarche des Puissances pour obtenir du Gouvernement de Pékin un engagement concernant la construction de la ligne entière du Setchuen, tout en ne se dissimulant pas la difficulté d'obtenir que le Gouvernement chinois s'y décide et passe outre à l'opposition provinciale.\n\nIl doit toutefois attirer l'attention du Gouvernement anglais sur les conséquences d'un remaniement du contrat en discussion qui plaçait sous la direction d'un ingénieur anglais la construction des 900 premiers kilomètres du Hankéou-Canton, et sous la direction d'un ingénieur allemand la construction des 800 premiers kilomètres de la ligne du Setchuen (les contractants ayant convenu que la construction des 800 kilomètres suivants de la ligne du Setchuen serait réservée à un ingénieur français, pour maintenir l'égalité entre les trois groupes).\n\nL'égalité stricte des avantages devant être la condition du nouveau contrat, il n'y a pas apparence que les groupes américain, allemand, ou français consentiraient à se contenter d'un quart de la ligne du Setchuen, tandis que le groupe anglais ajouterait à sa part la direction de la première section de la ligne Hankéou-Canton.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423665, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "page_number": 269, "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "content_text": "## Correspondence regarding Portuguese sovereignty over Lappa, D. João, and Vongeam Islands and territorial waters\n\nThe correspondence, is devoted to a repetition of the facts which go to prove the claim of Portuguese sovereignty to the Islands of Lappa, D. João, and Vongeam, and to show that the territorial waters are an integral part of Macao and its dependencies.\n\nOn the 30th October, General Machado informed the Chinese commissioner that he was unable to make any concession beyond the minimum claim which he had already indicated, and the Chinese commissioner, in a memorandum presented on the following day, stated that the maximum which he could concede was recognition of Portuguese rights over the Peninsula, without the harbour or territorial waters, and a grant of servitude without sovereignty over the inhabited parts of Taipa and Colowan.\n\nThe negotiations came to a practical deadlock shortly afterwards. During the progress of these negotiations at Hong Kong, I was in daily communication with the Portuguese chargé d'affaires here, and made verbal representations from time to time to the Wai-wu Pu, with a view to facilitating the work of the delimitation commission. But it was evident throughout that the Chinese Government were not prepared to deal firmly with the agitation which had arisen at Canton or to consider the question impartially in the spirit of the treaty of 1887.\n\nThis impression was confirmed by an interview which I had with the Grand Secretary Na-t'ung on the 27th October. His Excellency scarcely attempted to conceal his belief that the negotiations were unlikely to lead to a successful issue and showed, as his colleagues had done on previous occasions, that he had not studied the question with the care and attention which its international importance deserved.\n\nI endeavoured to convince him that China would do far better to come to a settlement with Portugal, whose claims appeared to me to be reasonable and well-founded, than to have the issue decided by other means which it was open to Portugal to invoke. His Excellency, however, only remarked that China could never consent to cede an inch of territory.\n\nI had no hesitation, therefore, when you enquired in your telegram No. 173, whether the moment had come for proposing arbitration, in replying in the affirmative.\n\nThere is one incident in connection with these negotiations which requires to be mentioned. On the 17th October, the Portuguese consul-general at Canton telegraphed to the chargé d'affaires here that he had received reliable information, the source of which he was not in a position to disclose, to the effect that China was secretly accumulating, through the foreign customs, large quantities of munitions of war at Bocca Tigris in preparation for some eventuality. The Portuguese Government were much exercised by this news, and I was asked to ascertain, through His Majesty's consul-general at Canton, if there was any truth in the report.\n\nMr. Jamieson, to whom I telegraphed on the subject, could obtain no confirmation of the Portuguese consul-general's suspicions, although a man-of-war was specially sent to Bocca Tigris and spent two nights there in making an investigation. Mr. Jamieson thought that his Portuguese colleague's informant was the Portuguese commissioner of Customs at Kongmoon, and added that the preparation might be defensive, and not offensive, as the Chinese believed that the Portuguese garrison at Macao was being increased.\n\nI have, &c.\nJ. N. JORDAN.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n## CHINA RAILWAYS\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\nNo. 1. Memorandum by Mr. Whitelaw Reid.\n\n[November 9]\n\n### SECTION 3\n\nNow that there has been signed and ratified by an unpublished Imperial decree an agreement by which American and British interests are to co-operate in the financing and construction of the Chin-Chou-Tsitsihar-Aigun railroad, the Government of the United States is prepared cordially to co-operate with the British Government in diplomatically supporting and facilitating this, so important alike to the progress and the commercial development of China.\n\nThe Government of the United States would be disposed to favour ultimate participation to a proper extent on the part of other interested Powers whose inclusion might be agreeable to China, and which are known to support the principle of equality of commercial opportunity and the maintenance of the integrity of the Chinese Empire.\n\nHowever, before the further elaboration of the actual arrangement, the Government of the United States asks the British Government to give their consideration to the following alternative and more comprehensive projects:\n\n1. Perhaps the most effective way to preserve the undisturbed enjoyment by China of all political rights in Manchuria, and to promote the development of those provinces under a practical application of the policy of the “open door” and equal commercial opportunity, would be to bring the Manchurian highways and the railroad under an economic, and scientific, and impartial administration by some plan vesting in China the ownership of the railroads through funds furnished for that purpose by the interested Powers willing to participate. Such loan should be for a period ample to make it reasonably certain that it could be met within the time fixed, and should be upon such terms as would make it attractive to bankers and investors. The plan should provide that nationals of the participating Powers should supervise the railroad system during the term of the loan, and the Governments concerned should enjoy for such period the usual preferences for their nationals and materials upon an equitable basis inter sese.\n\nThe execution of such a plan would naturally require the co-operation of China, and of Japan, and Russia, the reversionary and the concessionaires respectively of the existing Manchurian railroads, as well as that of Great Britain and the United States, whose special interests rest upon the existing contract relative to the Chin-Chou-Aigun railroad.\n\nThe advantages of such a plan to Japan and to Russia are obvious. Both those Powers desiring in good faith to protect the policy of the \"open door\" and equal opportunity in Manchuria, and wishing to assure to China unimpaired sovereignty, might well be expected to welcome an opportunity to shift the separate duties, responsibilities, and expenses they have undertaken in the protection of their respective commercial and other interests for impartial assumption by the combined Powers, including themselves, in proportion to their interests. The Government of the United States has some reason to hope that such a plan might meet favourable consideration on the part of Russia, and has reason to believe that American financial participation would be forthcoming.\n\n2. Should this suggestion not be found feasible in its entirety, then the desired end would be approximated, if not attained, by Great Britain and the United States diplomatically supporting the Chin-Chou-Aigun arrangement, and inviting interested Powers friendly to the complete commercial neutrality of Manchuria to participate in the financing and construction of that line, and of such additional lines as future commercial development may demand, and at the same time to supply funds for the purchase by China of such of the existing lines as might be offered for inclusion in this system.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 424888, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-365 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1910 [1-3]", "page_number": 536, "title": "CO129-365 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1910 [1-3]", "content_text": "# Commodore's Office\n\n**RECEIVED** \n(REG: 28 APR 10)\n\nHongkong, 8th October, 1909.\n\nYour Excellency,\n\nI have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter dated 6th instant, relative to the confusion caused by the use of Signal Flags of the International Code for private purposes by Harbour Authorities.\n\nI concur with Your Excellency's suggestion that the King's Harbour Master should discuss this matter with Lieutenant Beckwith and have instructed Lieutenant Butterworth accordingly.\n\nThe enclosures to your letter referred to above (`No. 6471/09`) are returned herewith.\n\nI have etc.,\n**(sd.) H. Lyon,**\nCommodore.\n\nHis Excellency \nSir Frederick J. D. Lugard, K.C.M.G., C.B., D.S.O., \nGovernor, \nHongkong.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-365 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1910 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 424890, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-365 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1910 [1-3]", "page_number": 538, "title": "CO129-365 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1910 [1-3]", "content_text": "# Sub-enclosure to III.\n\n**C.O. 12478 RECO**\n\n(REG: 28 APR 10 530)\n\n## Hon. Colonial Secretary,\n\n2. I have discussed this matter with Lieutenant Butterworth, and we have come to the following conclusions:- \nFlags F and J should not be used as local call flags. I have made the necessary arrangements to give effect to this at this port.\n\n3. Beyond this, no further alteration seems necessary, as the Code Pendant under a single flag has no signification in the International Code, or in the British Signal Manual.\n\n4. As to the specific case quoted by Mr. Ainslie as having occurred at Manila, when the urgent signal `FM` was hoisted, we do not think that any amount of regulation will guard against foolish mistakes of this description. It is obvious that there was not reasonable care exercised on board the ship hoisting the signal.\n\n3rd November, 1909.\n\n(Sd.) B. R. H. Taylor, \n**Harbour Master**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-365 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1910 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 424891, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-365 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1910 [1-3]", "page_number": 539, "title": "CO129-365 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1910 [1-3]", "content_text": "# Commodore's Office, Hongkong, 15th November, 1909\n\nYour Excellency,\n\nWith reference to your letter of the 6th instant, I have the honour to inform you that the suggestions made by the Colonial Harbour Master appear suitable and adequate to prevent Local Signs being read as signals of the International Signal Code Manual.\n\n2. But, with reference to paragraph 3 in Colonial Harbour Master's letter, although the Code Pendant below a single flag has no meaning in the International Code Book, the following memorandum is published to His Majesty's Ships in Hongkong:- \n\"It is hereby notified that from this date (11th February, 1907) any merchant ships lying in harbour and requiring urgent medical assistance shall hoist where best seen 'M' commercial flag with code pendent below\".\n\nIt will be seen therefore, that a Merchant Ship using \"M\" over Code Pendant at any of the other China Coast Ports as a private signal to her owners &c., might very easily do the same thing in Hongkong, thereby summoning the Medical Officer of the Guard with no cause.\n\n3. The Commander-in-Chief's suggestion to have a special symbol superior to all harbour and local signals would obviate every chance of confusion and I venture to suggest that \"H\" Flag (Commercial Code) be called the \"Harbour Flag\" and always hoisted superior with a long tack to all signals intended for local use.\n\nThe Governor, Hongkong.\n\nI have etc., (sd.) H. Lyon, \nCommodore.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-365 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1910 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429318, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 55, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "tried, giving the names of the parties arrested and recording the grounds of the decision in each case. This shall be open to the inspection of the superior authorities. Should the sub-prefect be inefficient or notorious, he will be denounced and removed from office, another being appointed in his place.\n\n10. When the sub-prefect has tried a case, should it be ascertained that plaintiff's charge was false or exaggerated, said plaintiff, whether native or foreigner, shall on conviction be muleted by the sub-prefect in accordance with rules which will be jointly drawn up by the sub-prefect and consuls, and submitted for the taotai's approval, and in the interests of justice, native and foreigner must in this respect be treated with perfect impartiality.\n\nApril 20, 1869.\n\nAppendix 2.\n\nRegulations governing the Relations between the French and International Mixed Courts\n\n1. In all civil cases between Chinese the plaintiff will follow the defendant, and will sue him before the mixed court of his (the defendant's) residence.\n\n2. In all criminal cases where foreigners are not concerned and in all police cases against Chinese residents in the settlement, the mixed court of the settlement in which the crime or contravention has been committed is alone competent.\n\n3. In mixed civil cases :-\n\n(a.) If the plaintiff is a foreigner not of French nationality and the Chinese defendant is a resident of the international settlement, he is to be sued before the mixed court of the international settlement.\n\n(b.) If the plaintiff is French and the Chinese defendant is a resident of the French settlement, he is to be sued before the mixed court of the French settlement.\n\n(c.) If the plaintiff is a foreigner not of French nationality and the Chinese defendant is a resident of the French settlement, the latter shall be sued before the mixed court of the international settlement, whose warrant or summons for his appearance, after counter-signature by the French consul-general, will be executed or served by the runners of the international mixed court with the assistance of the police of the French settlement, without previous hearing in the mixed court of the French settlement.\n\n(d.) If the plaintiff is French and the Chinese defendant is a resident of the international settlement, the latter shall be sued before the mixed court of the French settlement, whose warrant or summons for his appearance, after counter-signature by the senior consul, will be executed or served by the runners of the French mixed court with the assistance of the police of the international settlement, without previous hearing in the mixed court of the international settlement.\n\n(e.) Si deux ou plusieurs demandes sont formulées contre un même défendeur chinois dans les conditions telles que, conformément aux paragraphes précédents (a), (b), (c), (d), chacune des deux cours soit compétente pour l'une de ces demandes, la priorité sera accordée, tant pour le jugement que pour l'exécution éventuelle de la peine, à celle des deux cours qui aura la première lancé et fait viser par le doyen du corps consulaire un mandat de comparution ou un mandat d'amener contre ledit Chinois.\n\nLe Chinois défendeur aussitôt après avoir été jugé par la cour qui aura la priorité sera renvoyé devant l'autre cour pour y être jugé. Les pénalités, s'il y a lieu, seront subies en suivant le même ordre de priorité.\n\nToutefois, en matière de faillite, la cour compétente pour statuer sur la ou les créances formant le total le plus élevé restera chargée également de toutes les opérations de la faillite concernant les autres créanciers.\n\n(4.) In criminal cases where a foreigner not of French nationality is complainant, the mixed court of the international settlement is competent; if a Frenchman is the complainant, the mixed court of the French settlement is competent.\n\nPour toute affaire criminelle et lorsque l'inculpé est indigène, la police dans la zone de surveillance de laquelle le crime a été commis exerce les poursuites devant la juridiction compétente et reste chargée de l'exécution de la sentence, à moins que le tribunal n'en décide autrement.\n\nExcellence,\n\n9\n\nEnclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nSenior Consul to Dean of the Diplomatic Body.\n\nShanghai, le 17 mars, 1910. AU nom du corps consulaire, j'ai l'honneur de vous prier de bien vouloir soumettre à l'examen des représentants des Puissances à Pékin la question suivante :\n\nEn vertu des règlements de la cour mixte internationale de cette ville, toute affaire mixte doit être portée devant le magistrat chinois de cette cour et l'assesseur de la nationalité de l'étranger intéressé. Cette règle a été invariablement suivie jusqu'à présent en ce qui concerne les affaires civiles et commerciales; il n'en a point été de même pour les affaires criminelles, spécialement les affaires de police; en fait, on a laissé aux assesseurs de trois pays seulement le soin d'entendre et de juger, avec le magistrat chinois, la plupart des affaires de ce genre introduites soit par le conseil municipal agissant au nom de la communauté et par l'organe de sa police, soit par des particuliers.\n\nCes trois pays étaient auparavant la Grande-Bretagne, les États-Unis d'Amérique, et l'Autriche-Hongrie. Ce sont actuellement la Grande-Bretagne, les États-Unis d'Amérique, et l'Allemagne. L'assesseur anglais siège trois jours par semaine, l'assesseur américain deux jours, l'assesseur allemand un jour.\n\nLa plupart des consuls considèrent que, dans l'exercice de ces fonctions, ces trois assesseurs peuvent être qualifiés d'internationaux, qu'ils représentent non seulement leur propre pays mais la communauté tout entière, et qu'ils siègent au nom du corps consulaire tout en ne relevant que de leur chef respectif. Ils pensent aussi, d'autre part, que toute affaire criminelle ne doit pas être nécessairement portée devant l'un de ces trois assesseurs et qu'il reste loisible à chaque consul de faire juger telle affaire qui l'intéresse seul par son propre assesseur, tout autre assesseur ne pouvant assister à l'audience que du consentement tacite ou exprès de ce consul.\n\nUne motion fut déposée à cet égard, en janvier 1908, par M. A. Monaco, consul général d'Italie, et appuyée par M. E. Eitaki, consul général du Japon. Elle était conçue comme suit:-\n\n\"The consular body recognises that in the mixed court of Shanghai, in all the criminal cases where a foreign interest is involved, the consul of the nationality concerned has the right to demand that an assessor of his nationality sit with the Chinese magistrate.\"\n\nEt, à la réunion tenue par le corps consulaire le 18 février, 1908, cette motion, ainsi qu'une autre présentée en même temps, fit l'objet de la remarque suivante, consignée au compte rendu :-\n\n\"The senior consul remarks that the lecture of the international mixed court rules and of the motions of our colleague, M. A. Monaco, shows clearly that the letter and the spirit of these motions are contained in the said rules.\n\nM. Monaco concurs in this obvious that a vote on these motions is useless. opinion.\"\n\nCertains doutes existent encore cependant à cet égard dans l'esprit de plusieurs d'entre nous, et c'est pourquoi nous prenons la respectueuse liberté de demander l'avis du corps diplomatique.\n\nLa seconde motion présentée par M. A. Monaco avait trait au droit qu'aurait éventuellement l'un ou l'autre consul de demander que les services de son assesseur puissent être utilisés de la même façon que ceux des assesseurs anglais, américain, et allemand pour audition des affaires criminelles ordinaires. Cette question est entièrement distincte de la première, et bien qu'elle ait occupé plusieurs fois notre attention, nous ne désirons point pour le moment la soumettre à discussion.\n\nIl est, d'autre part, une question connexe qui donne parfois lieu à des divergences de vues: c'est celle de l'interprétation à donner à l'expression \"intérêts étrangers engagés.\" Le fait que le défendeur se trouve être au service d'un résident étranger suffit-il pour justifier l'intervention du consul de cet étranger? C'est là un point sur lequel nous serions également heureux de connaître l'opinion du corps diplomatique.\n\nJe vous prie, &c.\n\n[2862 b--4]\n\nD\n\n54", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429802, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 539, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "2\n\nstabbing a woman to death, was transferred to the native city so that he might receive greater punishment, whence he escaped.\n\nThe case was fully reported in the local newspaper, and, in amplification of the published account, I have the honour to enclose a copy of the police report on the case.\n\nThe council take the opportunity to express the view that the time has arrived for further effort in the direction of restoring to the mixed court its former powers of punishment in all cases except such as call for death penalty or banishment. The growing interests of the settlement, both in respect of its population and its foreign commerce, is such as to warrant the view that the mixed court, the sole tribunal for commercial suits against natives and for police and criminal cases, is second in importance to no court of justice in China.\n\nI need allude at no great length to the disabilities under which the court at present labours; to its obsolete and quite unworkable code of regulations; to its insignificant official status as a branch or junior court under the native city magistrate; to the indefensible limitation of its power to inflict blows, while every petty yamên in the vicinity of the settlement still retains this necessary means of handling the Chinese criminal classes. These are but the broadest indications of what is necessary to set the mixed court of Shanghai upon an adequate basis.\n\nThe council's object in addressing the consular body in the matter is that representations may be made in Peking, couched in terms of firm remonstrance; giving the necessary serious warning that the present attitude of the native authorities in respect to the court is leading to a grave situation; pointing out that no more suitable time than the present will arise for pressing the matter to a satisfactory issue.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nD. LANDALE, Chairman,\n\nShanghai Municipal Council,\n\nEnclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\n3\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nConsul General Sir P. Warren to Mr. Max Müller.\n\n(No. 62.) Sir,\n\nShanghai, August 9, 1910. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 32 of the 27th ultimo with reference to the transfer of criminals from the Shanghai Mixed Court to the magistrate's court in the city.\n\nThe present situation is correctly described in the letter of the municipal council to the senior consul of the 4th April, and the sole remedy would seem to be to increase the powers of the mixed court by allowing the court to deal with all cases not involving the death penalty. Such an increase of the powers of the court would be vigorously opposed by the Chinese authorities, who are bent upon reducing the powers of the court to a minimum, and care nothing for the consequent increased difficulty in policing and controlling the criminal classes in the international settlement. As has been frequently pointed out, it would be a great advantage if the mixed court magistrate were of higher rank than at present and in consequence more independent; as matters now are he is completely under the thumb of the taotai.\n\nThe abolition of the use of the bamboo in the settlement, while it is still freely used in the city, has caused the flocking into the settlement of numbers of the rowdy class who, although dreading corporal punishment, care little or nothing for a few months' imprisonment in the municipal gaol. There is some difficulty, however, in asking for the restoration of the bamboo, though there seems to be good reason to believe that the Chinese authorities would be willing to consent to it if asked to do so.\n\nI consider that the only possible way of improving the present position of affairs is by increasing the powers of the court as indicated above, and appointing independent magistrates of higher rank than the present incumbents. I fear, however, that it will be difficult to persuade the Chinese authorities to consent to either of those reforms.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nPELHAM L. WARREN.\n\nSir,\n\nMr. Landale to M. Siffert.\n\nCouncil Room, Shanghai, July 5, 1910.\n\nIN continuation of my letter of the 4th April, I have the honour to refer to the recent escape of thirty-nine criminals from the city penitentiary.\n\nThe council in the light of past experience realises that it may be difficult, though not impossible to guard against a sudden outbreak such as appears to have occurred on this occasion. The fact that the prisoners were able to obtain possession of fire-arms gives ground for some alarm, but it is satisfactory to note from reports submitted by the captain superintendent of police that numbers of the fugitives have been arrested before damage or violence was done.\n\nI must not, however, omit to take notice of the occurrence as a further example of the unfortunate results following from the curtailment of the powers of punishment of the mixed court. There is a growing number of instances in which justice had been defeated by the present unsatisfactory practice of transferring offenders to the native city so that they may receive greater punishment than five years imprisonment. On this occasion two of the escaped prisoners were members of the gang concerned in the murder of Chinese constable No. 664 in January 1909, and it is reported that they have not yet been recaptured.\n\nThe council cannot refrain from bringing the matter formally to your notice requesting the consular body to communicate officially to the authorities at Peking the fact that thirty-nine hardened criminals of types such as this have contrived to overpower their guard in the city, and that at least ten of their number even now remain at large. I trust that what has occurred will be taken as a striking illustration of the urgency of still seeking remedy for the state of affairs to which attention has been drawn in my last letter on that subject and in the council's many representations during recent years.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nD. LANDALE, Chairman,\n\nShanghai Municipal Council.\n\n538", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 434604, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 19, "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "# Enclosure 5 in No. 2\n\n## Consul-General Jamieson to Acting Governor-General of the Liang Kuang\n\nCanton, November 30, 1909.\n\nI HAVE the honour to refer to certain red notes which have recently been exchanged between us, having for their subject the refusal of your Excellency to countersign certain passports issued by this office in respect of British subjects, whose ancestors were Chinese.\n\nYou say that, according to certain Chinese laws of nationality, promulgated this year, the basis of nationality is the blood of the parents, and that, should such be Chinese, the offspring, even if born on British soil, cannot divest themselves of their ancestors' nationality. It is sought, apparently, thereby to lay down a principle which, in so far as international law is concerned, is to me at least novel, and is not one which, I venture to think, will be endorsed by the treaty Powers interested. Your Excellency must be aware that no internal legislation can override the provisions of a treaty, and China, having bound herself in several treaties to allow the subjects of the Powers concerned to travel to all parts of the interior under passports issued by their consuls and countersigned by the local authorities, she is bound to conform with the obligation thereunder imposed. It is for the Power on whose territory children are born to say on what terms they shall be considered as nationals; the ipse dixit of the Chinese Government cannot deprive it of this undoubted and well-recognised right. And even were this not the case, surely any new legislation of the kind should have been communicated to the parties interested—Government and people—and made the subject of international negotiation. So far as I am aware China has not approached, through the proper channels, any of the British colonies which may be affected by these novel proposals, and they cannot therefore be expected to recognise them.\n\nMoreover, for years past in every part of China such passports have been countersigned without question, and this consulate-general certainly has received no notification of any intended change of procedure, your Excellency's predecessor continuing throughout the year to countersign as before. It may be competent for China to enact that, henceforward, all those of her subjects, having left their country of origin, and desirous of changing their nationality abroad, must give prior notice to the local authorities, but under no circumstances can it be admitted that notice of this kind shall have a retrospective effect, or that it applies to those born in foreign countries.\n\nIn the case of the three British subjects whose passports I had the honour to transmit for counter-signature, I have made careful inquiry into the antecedents of the parties, and I find that:\n\n| Name | Details |\n| --- | --- |\n| Yuan Chin-hua (Un Kam-wa) | was born in Hong Kong of parents of Chinese origin, who were themselves British subjects, having been likewise both born in that colony. |\n| Yu Tao-sheng (Yu To-sang) | is a British subject, born in Hong Kong of Chinese parents, subjects of the Emperor of China, who has complied with all colonial regulations as to assumption of British nationality by registration. |\n| Li Keng (Li Kang) | is a Chinese, who has been naturalised as a British subject for some eighteen years; but, as the British Government are not prepared to extend protection to naturalised British subjects of Chinese descent on return to their country of origin, his passport has been cancelled. |\n\nThe two former passports I accordingly return, with yet another request that they be countersigned in accordance with the terms of the existing treaty between Great Britain and China.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. W. JAMIESON.\n\n## Enclosure 6 in No. 2\n\n### Acting Governor-General of the Liang Kuang to Consul-General Jamieson\n\nCanton, December 16, 1909 (Hsüan T'ung, 1st year, 11th moon, 4th day).\n\n(Translation.)\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch, returning two travelling passports for sealing, belonging to Yuan Chin-hua and Yu Tao-sheng, both of whom you say were born in Hong Kong. I subsequently also received your two notes forwarding passports in favour of Li Jui-Kuang and Ku Yen-ch'en, which you asked might be sealed.\n\nThe Naturalisation Regulations have been promulgated by Imperial edict, and all Chinese, irrespective of birth-place, who may wish to change their nationality, must, in obedience to these regulations, report to their local authority, who will obtain the consent of the Board of the Interior before such change of nationality can become effective.\n\nThere is no record of such a report having been made by Yuan Chin-hua and the others, and I am therefore unable to take action in their case which would be contrary to the regulations.\n\nTo put the matter succinctly, the issuing of regulations is a prerogative of the Chinese Government, and I have no option but to obey them without making the smallest alteration. This kind of limited authority is a matter with which you must be fully acquainted.\n\nI have accordingly the honour to return herewith the four passports in question.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\n(Seal of Governor-General.)\n\n## Enclosure 7 in No. 2\n\n### Mr. Wilkinson to Sir J. Jordan\n\nShanghai, February 18, 1910.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge your despatch of the 11th January asking for my opinion as to the legality of the action of Viceroy Yuan of Canton in refusing to countersign passports granted to British subjects of Chinese descent, under circumstances detailed in Consul-General Jamieson's despatch of the 17th December last, and the enclosures thereto.\n\nHis Excellency Yuan's contention is that a person of Chinese race cannot, under any circumstances, be or become a foreign subject save by the permission of the local authorities of the real or supposed ancestral home of the person in question.\n\nThe new naturalisation laws referred to in the despatches under consideration have not been forwarded to me, and I have no knowledge of their contents, beyond the statement in Viceroy Yuan's despatch to Mr. Jamieson on the 2nd November, 1909, that \"by the custom of China, the nationality of an individual is determined by that of his blood relations, and a son or grandson cannot change the nationality enjoyed by his father or his ancestors.”\n\nConsul-General Jamieson says that the contention of the Chinese Government, as stated by Viceroy Yuan, is that \"Chinese blood\" imposes on those in whose veins it flows Chinese nationality in perpetuity.\n\nBy Roman law \"status was determined by descent (jus sanguinis). The question whether a man was or was not a free man and a citizen of Rome, depended on the condition of his parents; Roman law, however, even under the Empire, would not have claimed, or allowed, as citizens the descendants of a civis Romanus, who had voluntarily joined and become incorporated with a Barbarian horde.\n\nAccording to the feudal rule, once universal in Europe, nationality depended in all cases upon the place of birth (jus soli).\n\nThe common law of England held all persons born under the allegiance and none others, with the apparent exception of children of Ambassadors, to be British subjects.\n\nThe strict English rule has, however, by statute, been modified and brought into agreement with the principle that the nationality, while depending primarily upon the place of birth, can on certain statutory requirements and formalities being observed, be acquired or lost, changed or resumed, at will.\n\nAs to the nationality of children born of the subjects of one Power within the territory of another, the Code Napoleon provided that a child should follow the...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 439988, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]", "page_number": 480, "title": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\n469\n\n0\n\n OPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[December 13.]\n\n2018\n\nSECTION\n\nREG 20 JAN 12\n\n([49906])\n\n(No. 1.) Sir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir C. Clementi Smith to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received December 13.)\n\nThe Hague, December 7, 1911.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that the International Opium Conference met here as arranged on the 1st instant, and assembled in the Hall of Knights. I enclose herewith a complete list of the delegates, all of whom were present except those of Italy, who only arrived at The Hague on the 7th instant.\n\nThe chair was provisionally taken by M. van Swinderen, who welcomed the conference to The Hague in a speech, the text of which will be found in the procès-verbal of the first sitting. He was followed by M. Cremer, the first delegate of the Netherlands, who, speaking first in English and subsequently in French, proposed that Bishop Brent, the first United States delegate, should be elected chairman of the conference, adducing in support of his motion the ability and impartiality with which the bishop had discharged the duties of chairman at the Shanghai Commission of 1909, and the fact that the Government which he represented had taken a leading part in the proceedings which led to the assembly of the present conference. M. Cremer's proposal was supported by myself and by the German first delegate, and, being carried unanimously, the bishop took the chair.\n\nThe chairman then made an address to the conference, indicating its aims and the spirit in which we should approach our task. French was decided upon as the official language of the conference, but in deference to the wishes of the delegates of several countries who were not conversant with that language, it was provided that the use of others would be permissible. The conference then appointed its secretariat, and adjourned till Monday, the 4th instant.\n\nAt the second meeting, business began with the question of the rules by which the conference should govern its procedure, and the American delegation proposed a short code, based on that adopted by the Second Peace Conference. After the introduction of some modifications intended to bring the rules into closer conformity with the requirements of the present conference, they were adopted, and I have the honour to enclose a copy herewith.\n\nIn the afternoon sitting we proceeded to discuss a motion by the first American delegate for the appointment of a committee, to consist of one delegate from each Power represented, to draw up a definite programme of the work to be submitted to the conference. This proposal, which Dr. Hamilton Wright only put forward after consultation with the British delegation, was passed unanimously, and the committee was forthwith appointed, Mr. Max Müller being designated to represent Great Britain. As required by the rules, a committee was appointed for making the necessary communications to the press, and a drafting committee of five delegates to co-ordinate and give form to the resolutions to be adopted by the conference; to this latter Sir William Collins was elected.\n\nThe conference then adjourned until the programme committee should have been able to produce a programme on which the conference could usefully work. This committee has issued an interim report formulating items of discussion with regard to raw and prepared opium, of which copies are enclosed herewith.\n\nAt the same time, more informal meetings of technical experts have been taking place with a view to definitions of the terms which will be commonly used in discussion. Agreement has been reached with regard to the definitions of raw, prepared, and medicinal opium, and these, together with the two chapters of items for discussion mentioned in the preceding paragraph, will be reported to the full conference at its sitting of to-day.\n\nI have the honour to enclose to you herewith, besides the papers already specifically mentioned, copies of the procès-verbal of the first two sittings of the conference, in which you will find a fuller account of the proceedings than I have thought it necessary to give in this despatch.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nCECIL CLEMENTI SMITH,\n\n* Not printed.\n\n[2297 - -1]\n\nPage 480\n\nPage 481", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440403, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 296, "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "4.4\n\n11. Though the smuggling trade still constitutes a grave danger, against which the utmost precautions are necessary, and though, in spite of these precautions, it is believed that there is still a considerable smuggling trade between India proper and Burmah, the fact remains that the special measures which I have described, the vigilance of the excise staff, and the frequent seizures they make have produced a very salutary effect. Thus I find from the last Excise Administration Report of Burmah that the enquiries of the preventive staff lead to the conclusion that the price of illicit opium at Rangoon, the chief entrepôt of the smuggling trade from India, which was 75 or 80 rupees per seer in the early part of 1909, had risen to 125 rupees per seer in 1911, and this immense increase in price clearly indicates a materially diminished source of supply. And, as in the case of India proper, every diminution of the area under poppy cultivation there, consequent on the shutting down of the trade with China, must diminish the sources from which this contraband traffic is supplied. I may further mention that while the consumption of licit opium in Burmah was about 83,000 seers seven years ago, it had shrunk to 52,000 seers in 1910-11.\n\n12. I now turn to the further measures which the Government of India have been considering since the Shanghai Commission reported. In the first place, as has been already pointed out, the number of Burmans specially permitted to consume opium forms a factor which is progressively diminishing to total extinction.\n\nAs regards the non-Burman consumers, the Government of India have carefully considered whether the time has come for the absolute prohibition of the use of opium, except for medical purposes, throughout Burmah, but have had to reply to the question in the negative in the light of present-day conditions. \"We consulted,\" to use their own words, \"the Government of Burmah, which after a thorough enquiry has come to the conclusion that the proposal is impracticable at present. The present sources of the supply of opium to Burmah are India, the trans-border provinces of China, and the difficult country of the semi-barbarous tribes—the Shans, Kachins, and Wa—within the British sphere. The licit supply from India could be stopped at once, but our local officers report that the production of opium in Chinese territory just across the border of Burmah has not yet been successfully stopped. There will also be difficulty in enforcing the prohibition of opium in the tribal country, and much discontent will inevitably be caused by the attempt. Unless these supplies are cut off there will be the strongest stimulus given to smuggling, under which even the present protection given to Burmans will be rendered nugatory. There is considerable smuggling of opium already from India into Burmah on account of the very high prices ruling in Burmah relatively to India, and this will be enormously increased if the licit supply is cut off, unless the preventive staff is strengthened to an extent altogether beyond the resources of the Provincial Government. Further, the only method by which a total prohibition against non-Burman races in Burmah could be enacted with any hope of success would be by a system of registration (of persons already addicted to the habit) similar to the registration of Burman opium consumers in Lower Burmah. The non-Burman population, however, consists of a large floating population of Indians and of Chinese from the Straits Settlements, who are not settled in Burmah, but come there as coolies, sepoys (Sikhs), merchants, clerks, domestic servants, or in pursuit of other professions. It would be impossible to introduce registration once for all among such a migratory population, and a proposal which ignored new-comers who are opium consumers would most certainly fail. The hill tribes of northern Burmah would have to be excepted in any case. And the danger of more deleterious drugs, such as morphia, cocaine, and the derivatives of hemp, taking the place of opium is greater in Burmah than in other provinces,\" owing to the greater wealth and relatively luxurious habits of the population there.\n\nIt should be noted, however, as evidence that everything is being done short of prohibition which existing circumstances permit that, as the Government of India observe, \"the Government of Burmah has, as lately as 1910, completely recast its opium rules in the direction of greater stringency as regards the possession and sale of opium. Again, under the Burmah Opium Law (Amendment) Act (Burmah Act VII of 1909), persons who are believed to earn a livelihood in whole or in part by unlawfully trafficking in opium or by abetting such traffic can be dealt with in a similar manner to that provided for under section 110 of the Criminal Procedure Code. That section empowers magistrates to require security from habitual thieves, burglars, and other criminals, and in default of security to send them to prison. Under the same Burmah Act the powers of excise and other officers to arrest and search for opium have been enhanced,\" while it may be mentioned that a similar attempt is being made to strengthen the law in respect of cocaine and other intoxicating drugs which show a tendency to take the place of opium with every increase in the stringency of the opium regulations. Further, the Government of Burmah along with the other Provincial Governments is about to reduce the limit of private possession of smoking preparations.\n\n13. In short, while the Government of India consider that circumstances as yet preclude total prohibition in Burmah, since this would drive traffic at present checked and limited by very severe restrictions into the subterranean channels of contraband, and would leave the way open to more deleterious drugs, they are doing everything in their power, by preventive and fiscal checks, to reduce consumption to a minimum. And if, as the result of this conference, international measures be taken which will check the smuggling of morphia and cocaine into countries which desire to exclude them—when, again, Chinese production on our borders shall have permanently disappeared—the time will have come once more to consider the possibility of a still more drastic anti-opium policy in Burmah.\n\nW. S. MEYER.\n\nAPPENDIX III.\n\nAdministration of the Traffic in Opium, and in Morphia and other Drugs, in British Colonies since the Meeting of the Shanghai Opium Commission in February 1909.\n\nBy far the greater part of the traffic is carried on in the British Colonies and protected States in the Far East, and the questions involved are of little importance elsewhere. It is accordingly considered best to dispose first of the few changes which have been made in the legislation of other British dominions since the meeting of the Shanghai Commission and then to state the alterations of the system of control in the Far Eastern possessions.\n\nI.\n\nThe Government of New Zealand, which prohibited by law the importation of opium in any form suitable for smoking, added a further restriction by statute No. 30 of 1910, which enacts that opium in any form which, though not suitable for smoking, may yet be made suitable, may only be imported by permit issued by the Minister of Customs.\n\nIn the Transvaal the importation of opium was prohibited by law in 1909, except under permits issued only to chemists and druggists.\n\nII.—Far Eastern Territories.\n\nThe legislation as to opium and as to Morphia and other drugs in these colonies and protected States, although connected, are best considered separately.\n\n(a.) Opium.\n\nThe regulation of the opium traffic, by which is meant trade in opium, whether prepared for consumption or not, depends on the possibility of the adoption of stringent measures of repression. In Wei-hai-Wei and Ceylon, where the number of opium consumers is small and the population more or less stable, it has been found possible to institute a system of registration which will gradually abolish opium consumption, whereas in Hong Kong and the Malay peninsula, where the Chinese population fluctuates and fresh immigrants are constantly arriving, registration is considered to be impracticable.\n\nThe steps taken in Wei-hai-Wei and Ceylon to abolish the use of opium may be stated as follows:—\n\nIn 1909 the commissioner of Wei-hai-Wei, under the instructions of His Majesty's Government promulgated an ordinance regulating the traffic. By its provisions no person may import, possess, sell, or buy any opium, whether prepared or raw, unless he is either a qualified medical man or chemist (in which case he is permitted to deal in opium for bona fide medicinal purposes), or a person who is licensed by a Government medical officer to smoke or otherwise use opium, on the ground that deprivation of the\n\nPage 45\n\n293", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440430, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 353, "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "349\n\n44\n\n11. Though the smuggling trade still constitutes a grave danger, against which the utmost precautions are necessary, and though, in spite of these precautions, it is believed that there is still a considerable smuggling trade between India proper and Burmah, the fact remains that the special measures which I have described, the vigilance of the excise staff, and the frequent seizures they make have produced a very salutary effect. Thus I find from the last Excise Administration Report of Burmah that the enquiries of the preventive staff lead to the conclusion that the price of illicit opium at Rangoon, the chief entrepôt of the smuggling trade from India, which was 75 or 80 rupees per seer in the early part of 1909, had risen to 125 rupees per seer in 1911, and this immense increase in price clearly indicates a materially diminished source of supply. And, as in the case of India proper, every diminution of the area under poppy cultivation there, consequent on the shutting down of the trade with China, must diminish the sources from which this contraband traffic is supplied. I further mention that while the consumption of licit opium in Burmah was about 83,000 seers seven years ago, it had shrunk to 52,000 seers in 1910-11.\n\nmay\n\n12. I now turn to the further measures which the Government of India have been considering since the Shanghai Commission reported. In the first place, as has been already pointed out, the number of Burmans specially permitted to consume opium forms a factor which is progressively diminishing to total extinction.\n\nAs regards the non-Burman consumers, the Government of India have carefully considered whether the time has come for the absolute prohibition of the use of opium, except for medical purposes, throughout Burmah, but have had to reply to the question in the negative in the light of present-day conditions. We consulted, to use their own words, \"the Government of Burmah, which after a thorough enquiry has come to the conclusion that the proposal is impracticable at present. The present sources of the supply of opium to Burmah are India, the trans-border provinces of China, and the difficult country of the semi-barbarous tribes—the Shans, Kachins, and Wa—within the British sphere. The licit supply from India could be stopped at once, but our local officers report that the production of opium in Chinese territory just across the border of Burmah has not yet been successfully stopped. There will also be difficulty in enforcing the prohibition of opium in the tribal country, and much discontent will inevitably be caused by the attempt. Unless these supplies are cut off there will be the strongest stimulus given to smuggling, under which even the present protection given to Burmans will be rendered nugatory. There is considerable smuggling of opium already from India into Burmah on account of the very high prices ruling in Burmah relatively to India, and this will be enormously increased if the licit supply is cut off, unless the preventive staff is strengthened to an extent altogether beyond the resources of the Provincial Government. Further, the only method by which a total prohibition against non-Burman races in Burmah could be enacted with any hope of success would be by a system of registration (of persons already addicted to the habit) similar to the registration of Burman opium consumers in Lower Burmah. The non-Burman population, however, consists of a large floating population of Indians and of Chinese from the Straits Settlements, who are not settled in Burmah, but come there as coolies, sepoys (Sikhs), merchants, clerks, domestic servants, or in pursuit of other professions. It would be impossible to introduce registration once for all among such a migratory population, and a proposal which ignored new-comers who are opium consumers would most certainly fail. The hill tribes of northern Burmah would have to be excepted in any case. And the danger of more deleterious drugs, such as morphia, cocaine, and the derivatives of hemp, taking the place of opium is greater in Burmah than in other provinces,\" owing to the greater wealth and relatively luxurious habits of the population there.\n\nIt should be noted, however, as evidence that everything is being done short of prohibition which existing circumstances permit that, as the Government of India observe, \"the Government of Burmah has, as lately as 1910, completely recast its opium rules in the direction of greater stringency as regards the possession and sale of opium. Again, under the Burmah Opium Law (Amendment) Act (Burmah Act VII of 1909), persons who are believed to earn a livelihood in whole or in part by lawfully trafficking in opium or by abetting such traffic can be dealt with in a similar manner to that provided for under section 110 of the Criminal Procedure Code. That section empowers magistrates to require security from habitual thieves, burglars, and other criminals, and in default of security to send them to prison. Under the same Burmah Act the powers of excise and other officers to arrest and search for opium have been enhanced,\" while it may be mentioned that a similar attempt is being made to strengthen the law in respect of cocaine and other intoxicating drugs which show a tendency to take the place of opium with every increase in the stringency of the opium regulations. Further, the Government of Burmah along with the other Provincial Governments is about to reduce the limit of private possession of smoking preparations.\n\n45\n\n13. In short, while the Government of India consider that circumstances as yet preclude total prohibition in Burmah, since this would drive traffic at present checked and limited by very severe restrictions into the subterranean channels of contraband, and would leave the way open to more deleterious drugs, they are doing everything in their power, by preventive and fiscal checks, to reduce consumption to a minimum. And if, as the result of this conference, international measures be taken which will check the smuggling of morphia and cocaine into countries which desire to exclude them—when, again, Chinese production on our borders shall have permanently disappeared—the time will have come once more to consider the possibility of a still more drastic anti-opium policy in Burmah.\n\nAppendix III.\n\nW. S. MEYER.\n\nAdministration of the Traffic in Opium, and in Morphia and other Drugs, in British Colonies since the Meeting of the Shanghai Opium Commission in February 1909.\n\nBy far the greater part of the traffic is carried on in the British Colonies and protected States in the Far East, and the questions involved are of little importance elsewhere. It is accordingly considered best to dispose first of the few changes which have been made in the legislation of other British dominions since the meeting of the Shanghai Commission and then to state the alterations of the system of control in the Far Eastern possessions.\n\nI.\n\nThe Government of New Zealand, which prohibited by law the importation of opium in any form suitable for smoking, added a further restriction by statute No. 30 of 1910, which enacts that opium in any form which, though not suitable for smoking, may yet be made suitable, may only be imported by permit issued by the Minister of Customs.\n\nIn the Transvaal the importation of opium was prohibited by law in 1909, except under permits issued only to chemists and druggists.\n\nII.—Far Eastern Territories.\n\nThe legislation as to opium and as to Morphia and other drugs in these colonies and protected States, although connected, are best considered separately.\n\n(a.) Opium.\n\nThe regulation of the opium traffic, by which is meant trade in opium, whether prepared for consumption or not, depends on the possibility of the adoption of stringent measures of repression. In Wei-hai-Wei and Ceylon, where the number of opium consumers is small and the population more or less stable, it has been found possible to institute a system of registration which will gradually abolish opium consumption, whereas in Hong Kong and the Malay peninsula, where the Chinese population fluctuates and fresh immigrants are constantly arriving, registration is considered to be impracticable.\n\nThe steps taken in Wei-hai-Wei and Ceylon to abolish the use of opium may be stated as follows:—\n\nIn 1909 the commissioner of Wei-hai-Wei, under the instructions of His Majesty's Government promulgated an ordinance regulating the traffic. By its provisions no person may import, possess, sell, or buy any opium, whether prepared or raw, unless he is either a qualified medical man or chemist (in which case he is permitted to deal in opium for bona fide medicinal purposes), or a person who is licensed by a Government medical officer to smoke or otherwise use opium, on the ground that deprivation of the\n\nN [2458 -2]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440945, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 281, "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "34 \n\n<< \n\nsmuggling. Further, in four districts in which foreign opium (a term I shall presently explain) is supplied, the rates at present are 10 annas (10d.) per tola for raw and 15 annas per tola for prepared opium. The cost of the drug has thus been made much higher than in India proper, where it is by no means low. Thus, comparing like with like, the amount of taxation which the Government levies on each seer (about 2 lb. of opium - this, as I stated in my previous paper, amounts on the average, on the last statistics available, to 26 rupees in India proper, while in Burmah it is 65 rupees per seer, or more than double.\n\nThe \"foreign opium\" above referred to is the product of Chinese areas and Shan States bordering on Upper Burmah, which has been allowed in for licit consumption, under strict Government control, in four districts of the province into which it could otherwise be easily smuggled; and in this category has to be included opium grown in certain Kachin villages, where poppy cultivation is allowed because, though the villages are nominally within British Burmah, their situation in remote hills has hitherto rendered it impossible to make any prohibition of such cultivation effective. Subject to these exceptions, the cultivation of the poppy is prohibited throughout Burmah, and the sole source of licit supply is Bengal opium obtained from India by Government channels.\n\n10. Lastly, steps have been taken to cope with the smuggling into Burmah of opium licitly procured by private persons in India proper by restricting the supply to shops in certain districts of Bengal, where this method of contraband supply was found to prevail, to quantities rigidly fixed with reference to estimated local requirements.\n\n11. Though the smuggling trade still constitutes a grave danger, against which the utmost precautions are necessary, and though, in spite of these precautions, it is believed that there is still a considerable smuggling trade between India and Burmah, the fact remains that the special measures which I have described, the vigilance of the excise staff, and the frequent seizures they make have produced a very salutary effect. Thus, I find from the last Excise Administration Report of Burmah that the enquiries of the preventive staff lead to the conclusion that the price of illicit opium at Rangoon, the chief entrepôt of the smuggling trade from India, which was 75 or 80 rupees per seer in the early part of 1909, had risen to 125 rupees per seer in 1911, and this immense increase in price clearly indicates a materially diminished source of supply. And, as in the case of India proper, every diminution of the area under poppy cultivation there, consequent on the shutting down of the trade with China, must diminish the sources from which this contraband traffic is supplied. I may further mention that while the consumption of licit opium in Burmah was about 83,000 seers seven years ago, it had shrunk to 52,000 seers in 1910-11.\n\n12. I now turn to the further measures which the Government of India have been considering since the Shanghai Commission reported. In the first place, as has been already pointed out, the number of Burmans specially permitted to consume opium forms a factor which is progressively diminishing to total extinction.\n\nAs regards the non-Burman consumers, the Government of India have carefully considered whether the time has come for the absolute prohibition of the use of opium, except for medical purposes, throughout Burmah, but have had to reply to the question in the negative in the light of present-day conditions. \"We consulted,\" to use their own words, \"the Government of Burmah, which after a thorough enquiry has come to the conclusion that the proposal is impracticable at present. The present sources of the supply of opium to Burmah are India, the trans-border provinces of China, and the difficult country of the semi-barbarous tribes - the Shans, Kachins, and Wa - within the British sphere. The licit supply from India could be stopped at once, but our local officers report that the production of opium in Chinese territory just across the border of Burmah has not yet been successfully stopped. There will also be difficulty in enforcing the prohibition of opium in the tribal country, and much discontent will inevitably be caused by the attempt. Unless these supplies are cut off, there will be the strongest stimulus given to smuggling, under which even the present protection given to Burmans will be rendered nugatory. There is considerable smuggling of opium already from India into Burmah on account of the very high prices ruling in Burmah relatively to India, and this will be enormously increased if the licit supply is cut off, unless the preventive staff is strengthened to an extent altogether beyond the resources of the Provincial Government. Further, the only method by which a total prohibition against non-Burman races in Burmah could be enacted with any hope of success would be by a system of registration (of persons already addicted to the habit) similar to the registration of Burman opium consumers in Lower Burmah. The non-Burman population, however, consists of a large floating population of Indians and of Chinese from the Straits Settlements, who are not settled in Burmah, but come there as coolies, sepoys (Sikhs), merchants, clerks, domestic servants, or in pursuit of other professions. It would be impossible to introduce registration once for all among such a migratory population, and a proposal which ignored new-comers who are opium consumers would most certainly fail. The hill tribes of Northern Burmah would have to be excepted in any case. And the danger of more deleterious drugs, such as morphia, cocaine, and the derivatives of hemp taking the place of opium is greater in Burmah than in other provinces,\" owing to the greater wealth and relatively luxurious habits of the population there.\n\nIt should be noted, however, as evidence that everything is being done short of prohibition which existing circumstances permit, that, as the Government of India observe, \"the Government of Burmah has, as lately as 1910, completely recast its opium rules in the direction of greater stringency as regards the possession and sale of opium. Again, under the Burmah Opium Law (Amendment) Act (Burmah Act VII of 1909), persons who are believed to earn a livelihood in whole or in part by unlawfully trafficking in opium or by abetting such traffic can be dealt with in a similar manner to that provided for under section 110 of the Criminal Procedure Code. That section empowers magistrates to require security from habitual thieves, burglars, and other criminals, and in default of security to send them to prison. Under the same Burmah Act, the powers of excise and other officers to arrest and search for opium have been enhanced,\" while it may be mentioned that a similar attempt is being made to strengthen the law in respect of cocaine and other intoxicating drugs which show a tendency to take the place of opium with every increase in the stringency of the opium regulations. Further, the Government of Burmah, along with the other Provincial Governments, is about to reduce the limit of private possession of smoking preparations.\n\n13. In short, while the Government of India consider that circumstances as yet preclude total prohibition in Burmah, since this would drive traffic at present checked and limited by very severe restrictions into the subterranean channels of contraband, and would leave the way open to more deleterious drugs, they are doing everything in their power, by preventive and fiscal checks, to reduce consumption to a minimum. And if, as the result of this conference, international measures be taken which will check the smuggling of morphia and cocaine into countries which desire to exclude them - when, again, Chinese production on our borders shall have permanently disappeared, the time will have come once more to consider the possibility of a still more drastic anti-opium policy in Burmah.\n\nW. S. MEYER.\n\nAppendix III.\n\n## Administration of the Traffic in Opium, and in Morphia and other Drugs, in British Colonies since the Meeting of the Shanghai Opium Commission in February 1909.*\n\nBy far the greater part of the traffic is carried on in the British Colonies and protected States in the Far East, and the questions involved are of little importance elsewhere. It is accordingly considered best to dispose first of the few changes which have been made in the legislation of other British dominions since the meeting of the Shanghai Commission and then to state the alterations of the system of control in the Far Eastern possessions.\n\nI.\n\nThe Government of New Zealand, which prohibited by law the importation of opium in any form suitable for smoking, added a further restriction by statute No. 30 of 1910, which enacts that opium in any form which, though not suitable for smoking, may yet be made suitable, may only be imported by permit issued by the Minister of Customs.\n\nCanadian legislation in 1908 declared the importation, manufacture, sale, or possession for sale of crude opium or powdered opium for other than medicinal purposes, or of opium prepared for smoking, to be an indictable offence.\n\n* The information here given in regard to Canadian legislation was received too late for insertion in the memorandum as communicated to the conference.\n\nPage 35 \nPage 278 \nG 2 \n[665]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 441082, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 418, "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "414 \n\n8 \n\n6. Manufacturers of implements used for supplying opium to smokers, sellers of such implements and those found in possession thereof with the intention of selling the same, and those who have imported for sale such implements from outside shall be punished with penal servitude of the fourth or lower grade, while the opium implements shall be destroyed.\n\n7. Any customs officers and people assisting them who may import opium from outside or supply opium implements, or allow others to import, shall be punished with penal servitude of the second or third grade, while the opium and the opium implements shall be destroyed.\n\n8. Any police, officials, and persons assisting them, who become aware of offences committed against rule 5, and in consequence do not award a suitable penalty, will also, in their turn, be punished in accordance with rule 5.\n\n9. Anyone offending against rule 6 shall be deprived of civil rights either completely or in part. If an official, he shall be removed from office.\n\n10. In addition to the investigation and report made from time to time by the inspecting officer, anyone should publish information in regard to offences against the above rules as well as against the sections in the Criminal Code dealing with opium. If a false charge is made the accuser shall be punished instead of the accused.\n\n11. The above rules shall come into force from the date of their promulgation.\n\n(Translation.)\n\n## Enclosure 7 in No. 1\n\n### Circular Notification\n\nThe poison of opium has been spread abroad for close on a century, and stringent prohibition of cultivation and smoking has already been proclaimed. Now, however, every department of Government is being modernised, so that the eradication of this evil becomes a reform of primary importance.\n\nWhen opium prohibition was started in the province of Anhui, licences were issued to smokers and official opium stores were established. The object of this procedure was to facilitate supervision and ensure strict control, but unfortunately, smokers, on the contrary, took the licences and official opium stores as something that they could rely on without fear, as they made no sincere effort to break off the habit.\n\nIt is, therefore, necessary to repeat the prohibition with redoubled strictness, so that the source of the evil may be cleared away.\n\nIt has now been determined that, commencing from the 30th September, the opium permits issued in the past shall all be cancelled; the licence tax shall cease; the official opium stores shall be closed; and all opium dealers must perforce take up some other line of business. The one object is to remove in perpetuity this evil and eradicate every trace of it, thus seconding the military governor's intention that the abolition of the curse shall be thorough and complete.\n\nSmokers will, in accordance with the time limit laid down in the previous notification, break off the habit with all speed. Medicines prescribed must not contain any admixture of raw opium or opium dross. Any infringement will be severely punished, and mercy will on no account be shown.\n\nThe military governor hates opium as his deadly enemy; it cannot be said that warning has not been given.\n\n**Important. A circular notification.**\n\nRepublic, 1st year, 9th month, 28th day.\n\n9 \n\nstead the Director of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Pi Wei, at 10 o'clock on the morning of the 7th October, to return the visit, and to express the governor's regret, and would be glad to learn whether it would be convenient to Sir E. Fraser to receive the director at that time.\n\nThe governor would be extremely obliged if Sir E. Fraser could spare the time, and would be so good as to honour him with a further visit.\n\n## Enclosure 9 in No. 1\n\n### Consul-General Sir E. Fraser to Governor of Shanghai\n\nH.M.S. \"Flora,\" China Station.\n\nHIS Britannic Majesty's consul-general learns with regret of the sudden indisposition of Tutu Pai Wen Wei, which he is reporting by telegraph to His Majesty's Minister.\n\nAs the instructions issued by His Majesty's Government through His Majesty's Minister direct His Majesty's consul-general to investigate the subject of his mission with the Tutu of Anhui in person, he is obviously precluded from receiving any person except Tutu Pai Wen Wei on board His Majesty's ship to pay the return call which international comity prescribes between the officers of friendly nations.\n\nHis Majesty's consul-general trusts, therefore, that Tutu Pai Wen Wei will be sufficiently recovered to be able to return his visit in person at 5 o'clock to-morrow afternoon.\n\nHis Majesty's consul-general avails himself of this opportunity to express his appreciation of the complimentary remarks contained in the letter under acknowledgment.\n\nThe favour of an immediate reply is requested.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nSir,\n\n## Enclosure 10 in No. 1\n\n### Anhui Tutu to Consul-General Sir E. Fraser\n\nOctober 6, 1912.\n\nI HAVE just received and perused your letter. Owing to the weather becoming suddenly cold, I have contracted a chill, and my doctor forbids me to expose myself to the wind by going out. He insists on my taking care of myself, in order to avoid aggravating my indisposition.\n\nIf I am no better to-morrow noon I shall be unable to repair personally on board the steamer, and I beg that you will excuse me.\n\nShould you have any pressing business to discuss in person, I request that you will honour me with a visit at my yamên, and in spite of my illness I will make every effort to receive you, out of regard for the importance of international relations.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n## Enclosure 8 in No. 1\n\n### Governor of Shanghai to Consul-General Sir E. Fraser\n\n(Translation.)\n\nOctober 6, 1912.\n\nTHE governor has the honour to express to Sir E. Fraser the great gratification which he derived from their interview of yesterday. The governor had intended to send the Director of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Pi Wei, at 10 o'clock on the morning of the 7th October, to return the visit, and to express the governor's regret, and would be glad to learn whether it would be convenient to Sir E. Fraser to receive the director at that time.\n\nThe governor would be extremely obliged if Sir E. Fraser could spare the time, and would be so good as to honour him with a further visit.\n\n## Enclosure 13 in No. 1\n\n### Consul General Sir E. Fraser to Anhui Tutu\n\nH.M.S. \"Flora,\" China Station, October 7, 1912.\n\nHIS Majesty's consul-general was glad to learn from Tutu Pai's note received last night that he had been correct in reporting by telegraph to His Majesty's Minister that Mr. Pai was not ill, but only indisposed.\n\nSir Everard Fraser is likewise not in robust health, and is constantly urged by his doctors to take a short rest from official business. It will therefore suit him very well to await Mr. Pai's restoration to health, and meanwhile to enjoy the pleasant air and interesting country round Anking, now that Mr. Pai's letters have provided proof that in so doing he will not lay himself open to any suspicion of seeking his own ease at the expense of his official duty.\n\nThe consul-general gladly leaves to the tutu the selection of the day and hour.\n\n[2715 8-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 441121, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 457, "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "## 18. against malaria (for which its relatively high anarcotine content makes it specially valuable), to lessen the quantity of sugar in diabetes, and generally to allay pain in sufferers of all ages. The vast bulk of the Indian population, it must be remembered, are strangers to the ministrations of qualified doctors or druggists. They are dependent almost entirely on the herbal simples of the country; distance and the patient acceptance of hardships standing in the way of prompt access to skilled medical relief. In these circumstances, the use of opium in small quantities is one of the most important aids in the treatment of children's sufferings. It is also a frequent help to the aged and infirm, and an alleviation in diseases and accidents which are accepted as incurable. To prevent the sale of opium except under regular medical prescription would be a mockery; to many millions it would be sheer inhumanity. The licensing or registering of regular opium eaters is equally out of the question, and would be regarded throughout India as an indefensible and intolerable intrusion on individual liberty.\n\n18. The minor reforms recently carried out in the details of opium administration in the several provinces have been so numerous that it would be tedious to make more than a brief allusion to them. The Government of Burma has, as lately as 1910, completely recast its Opium Rules in the direction of greater stringency as regards the possession and sale of opium. Under the Burma Opium Law Amendment Act (Burma Act VII of 1909) persons who are believed to earn a livelihood in whole or in part by unlawfully trafficking in opium or by abetting such traffic can be dealt with in a similar manner to that provided for under section 110 of the Criminal Procedure Code. That section empowers Magistrates to require security from habitual thieves, burglars, and other criminals, and in default of security to send them to prison. Under the same Burma Act the powers of excise and other officers to arrest and search for opium have been enhanced. By an amended Excise Bill at present under consideration an attempt is being made to strengthen the law in respect of other intoxicating drugs, which show a tendency to take the place of opium with every increase in the stringency of the opium law. Besides a provision for taking security from persons who deal unlawfully in cocaine, it is made a penal offence to keep a place for administering any intoxicating drug, and guilt is presumed in certain cases.\n\n## 19. Another weapon in constant use against the growth of unnecessary indulgence in the drug is the steady rise in the price of opium issued from Government treasuries, and consequently its ultimate price to the consumer. The Central Provinces propose to raise their issue price from Rs. 233 to Rs. 27 per seer, and this proposal is being accepted. In Coorg, Eastern Bengal and Assam, Madras, the Punjab, the North-West Frontier Province and the United Provinces, the issue prices have been recently raised. Bengal is prepared to raise its issue prices and will be instructed to do so. In Northern India caution is required in dealing with opium-growing districts and the districts bordering on them, as every increase in price stimulates the illicit retention or sale by cultivators of opium grown by them. This difficulty will however become less as the area under poppy is being reduced year by year. In Burma the retail price to consumers is fixed at a uniformly high figure, Re. 1-0-0 per tola (180 grains) for crude excise opium, and Re. 1-4-0 per tola for prepared excise opium, except at a few shops where it would be easy to obtain smuggled opium at a lower rate. For foreign opium in the four districts in which this opium is sold, the rates at present are 10 annas per tola for crude opium and 15 annas per tola for prepared opium.\n\nA further check on the consumption of opium is provided by the reduction of the legal limit of private possession of opium. This is at present 3 tolas in all provinces except Bengal, Eastern Bengal and Assam, and Ajmer-Merwara (in these three provinces it is 5 tolas) and a small tract of Sind in the province of Bombay (the desert talukas of Thar and Parkar), where it is 10 tolas. \n\n| Province | Existing Limit (tolas) | Proposed Limit (tolas) |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Bengal | 5 | 3 (in certain areas) |\n| Eastern Bengal and Assam | 5 | ... |\n| Bombay (general) | 3 | 1 |\n| Bombay (Thar and Parkar) | 10 | 4 |\n| Madras | 3 | 1 |\n| Central Provinces | 3 | 2 |\n\nIn Bengal, the limit will be reduced to 3 tolas in certain areas proposed by the provincial Government, and the Government of Eastern Bengal and Assam will be invited to consider the desirability of a similar reduction. The Bombay Government propose to reduce the ordinary limit to 1 tola, and the limit in the exceptional desert tracts of Thar and Parkar from 10 to 4 tolas, and this proposal is being sanctioned. Madras has already reduced the limit from 3 tolas to 1 tola. The Central Provinces agree to the reduction of the limit from 3 tolas to 2 tolas, and will be asked to carry it into force. In this province as many as 326 opium shops have been closed during the past 5 years. The combined excise and opium preventive service has also been largely strengthened in most of the provinces.\n\n## 20. It will be seen that very substantial progress has been made in India in the restrictive regulations about opium. This review of our recent action may fitly close with the latest statistics about (a) the area under poppy in India, (b) the exports of opium from India, and (c) the issues of opium for consumption in British India.\n\n### (a) Cultivation of Poppy\n\n#### (i) Under the Bengal Monopoly System\n\n| Year | No. of Cultivators | Area Cultivated (acres) | Quantity of Opium Produced (lbs.) |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1907-08 | 1,308,791 | 488,548 | 5,870,263 |\n| 1908-09 | 1,117,898 | 361,834 | 5,085,504 |\n| 1909-10 | 969,529 | 348,740 | 5,567,945 |\n\n#### (ii) Estimated Area and Outturn in Feudatory States\n\n| Year | Estimated Area (acres) | Outturn (maunds) |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1904-05 | 213,731 | 19,570 |\n| 1905-06 | 146,677 | 25,534 |\n| 1906-07 | 216,911 | 45,868 |\n| 1907-08 | 191,714 | 32,469 |\n| 1908-09 | 134,629 | 26,061 |\n| 1909-10 | 108,973 | 20,148 |\n\n### (b) Exports of Opium from India (chests)\n\n| Year | Bengal Opium | Malwa Opium | Total Exports |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1908 | 44,970 | 20,712 | 65,682 |\n| 1909 | 43,465 | 13,202 | 56,667 |\n| 1910 | 37,256 | 6,721 | 43,977 |\n\n### (c) Issues of Opium for Consumption in British India (sers)\n\n| Province | 1908-09 | 1909-10 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Madras | 46,404 | 44,006 |\n| Bombay | 58,018 | 55,551 |\n| Bengal | 95,316 | 85,417 |\n| Eastern Bengal and Assam | 78,557 | 74,191 |\n| United Provinces | 93,811 | 67,037 |\n| Punjab and N.W.F. Province | 64,753 | 62,582 |\n| Central Provinces and Berar | 45,406 | 46,600 |\n| Ajmer-Merwara | 2,653 | 2,552 |\n| Coorg | 64 | 67 |\n| Baluchistan | 593 | 762 |\n| Burma | 62,926 | 61,413 |\n| **Total British India** | **511,499** | **500,158** |\n\n## 21. Passing for a moment over the fourth Resolution of the Shanghai Conference, which contemplates international action, we may consider the fifth Resolution, which deals with the internal regulation by each State of morphia and other harmful derivatives of opium. The Resolution states in the first place that \"the unrestricted manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphine already constitute a grave danger...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 442714, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-400 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [3-4]", "page_number": 282, "title": "CO129-400 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [3-4]", "content_text": "## The China Daily Outlook, Monday, March 24th, 1913\n\n### Share List Quotations\n\nCorrected daily at 3.00 p.m.\n\nHUNGRONG, MARCH 11th, 1913,\n\n#### STEAMERS TAKING CARGO\n\n| Destination | Quotations |\n| --- | --- |\n| NANNING | Apply to UK DÁRPALOMED GASI. |\n| London £30. | Barra, Brentes, & flambury etc., Harer, and Hamburg etc. |\n| P. & O.S. N. P.40.9. N. Den of Crombioj. M. & C. | Cardia 2 igst prox 3 H. A. L. 16 prox Silesia H. A. L. 2t ist. B.S. len Hatra, Rotterdam, Hamburg etc. Mas, Bremen and Hamburg etc. Schwarzburs Speisin H. A, L 28 inst. I.F.A.C. is prox |\n| NEW YORK, SAN FRANCISCO, and CANADA | T. 10 1:25,000 210 T6. 75 $6.000 Ts. Me 218 CHA 99975 T. 143 buyers #10 buyers TA DO ail Tia 1984 buyers Te. 45 buyers |\n| AUSTRALIA, PHILIPPINES &c. | all $142 koyers Australian Ports, via Manila So. Allus G. L. & Co. Yaweta Marə N. Y. K. 20 int. 9 prox $74 bayere P.S 19 vellers ult $4.129 buyers |\n| CHINA COAST, STRAITS, JAPAN | 250 3980 buyers Shanghai, Kobe and Yokoham Yokohatar Kobe via shang! Kobe, and Yothasan P. Sigismund M. China 29 TOX 9. W. & Co. 3 ust. 2 inst Audrin 3. W. & Co. i prx Biro Huck N. Y. K. 97 inst. $21 3166 buyers Kobe, Yokuhana Coblens M. & C. 3. pross ST! Yokonam, Bobe and Moji Coblens 3. & Co. > prox ed5 buyers Tientsin Kusicbow D. & S. 27 is £6 The 130 buyers Shanghai Koerber 3. W. & Co. 9 ist. $895 buyers $107 Awatow. Amoy and Pasch 51anis D. S. & Co. 28 inst. J. M. & Co. 23 it. Singapore Penang & Calently T. M. & Co. 4 t J. M & On, ail buyara 869 buyers 855 buyers Fis. 89 sellera Rolepbase A 455 bayra Once: 416. Nodowa: K. ha The 74 sellers A. IG. 5th 383 buyers المتحدة Singapore, Penang, & Rangoon Kalyang Lounging K:14:128 Mitra Tel. Arid. |\n\n### Banks\n\n| Bank | $ |\n| --- | --- |\n| Hongkong & Sunghui Hank Corporation | 120.000 $135 |\n| China Borneo Company, Limited | 60,000 $8,000 |\n| China Light and Power Company, Limited | $12 $3 |\n| China Provident, Love & Mortgage Co., Limited | 55,00 $99 |\n| ... | ... |\n\n### Docks and Warehouses\n\n| Company | $ |\n| --- | --- |\n| Hongkong & Kowloon Wharf & Godown Vn, Ld. | $805 sales |\n| Hongkong and Whampoa Dock Co., Limited | Loudva, v. Usual Force of Quil Goaden, & Antwerp v. S'apuze, ate. |\n| New Amay Dock Co., Limited | London & Antwerp |\n| Shanghai Dock and Engineering Co, Ld. | India Nunkis |\n| Shanghai and Hongkong Wharf Co., Limited | Barra, Brentes, & flambury de, Harer, and Hanburg ute. |\n\n### Insurance\n\n| Company | $ |\n| --- | --- |\n| Canton Insurance Office Co., Limited | 10,000 $5 |\n| China Fire Insurance Co., Limited | 24, $100 |\n| Hongkong Fire Insurance | $100 |\n| North-China Insurance Co., Limited | 21,000 $83.3 |\n| Union Insurance Society, Limited | 8,000 #250 |\n| Yangtze Insurance Association, Limited | 10,900 10,100 $250 $100 |\n\n### Land and Syndicates\n\n| Company | $ |\n| --- | --- |\n| Towson Land Invest. Agency Co. Ld. | 12,000 k10% |\n| Humphreys' Estate and Finance Co., Ld. | 50,000 $100 |\n| Kowloon Godown Building Co., L | 130,000 $10 i |\n| Ahnhai Land, Investment Co., L. | 6,000 $50 |\n| West Point Building Co., Tal. | FE,J1\n\nRonding and Talesbury, in see The Thienene of faunilton is alen\n\nPat, who is de cercandong the aver so he went for intiraidson against a Chineas!\n\nreporter, wan dismissed by bir. W Hamilton a the Kowloot: The Italian Cotobato wtrises tuv\n\nMagiswans yesterday,\n\nThe de the election which took place re-swing it in Willshire. fendant was alleged to have a crucis at Felermo, a large alias] aulted twe men of the Hup Lee city of over 200,000 inhabitants, in night-nd contractors, folfering a vordim of Fall, liberty of meeting\n\nspute. The intimidation case is fart beard.\n\n*u?\n\nSeven Chiuole wrament, pisacing\n\nsilty to charge of unlandaily rat\n\nand votea, tesuited in the ting wi damaging trees at a Govern- |\n\nwende ictor of the Fascist's\n\nmort plantation at Nagan Bye War, list showing that be Fascis Karison, were anak fied Bio by Mu Bozerament is enjoying not only W. Hamilton, at the Kowloon The return of notifiuble dlecases povar, but also the full conádenca) Magistracy this neunbug. The de- for the 24 hours ending August of the Italian people.\n\nfendant were stati fu kavu deng e number or rase weighing Organised by the Koristang, aflens cha 90 unties derenstation be GONOMETRUJANJ\n\n124, showa tự, uszeg ni enteria | fever, que Bnglish (mynted) and joze Chinese. The return for the)\n\n**\n\nun\n\nweek ended August shows tour the fatha e Chinese who lost Me J. Tokugawe, autơi pensily Uses of enteric fever with two this list in the cover of Vi rekirst Secretary and Auting deaths, Chinese, Drs Japan, dishares heat. Hanko lloc to the imprese Bibery in Jo Indika su one Philippine (in and where he held at the Ties London, has been appointed facia porter) and cae care of parki An Men Pakun August 12 new Consul General et. Sydres, phoid fever, Chiacan, te death W92 114 Target, aticoded, Australia; and Mr. K Hogi, vulli\n\nfrom intussen is also reported. Spence wore and by various roses Japaneen Commanerai wanch in Londen, has been appointed Kuomintang Isagera\n\nAs the embur. of the late Panchal Fannin perialine\n\nCho\n\nequal\n\nVilla were lowered over the aid of renties\n\ninbor of the Japaness Legution Ah Beking. Both diplomats wetu\n\nths President Harvizos at Yuda,\n\n**\n\nmost popaliw ti Landen esrides.\n\nnot and was heard thosaglomm\n\nAccording to a story appearing w\n\nfier T\n\nArhus Guy Carless. 35, patiseer,\n\nAll operations were ele\n\npender. Thoes of heads were the Shaters Time, a Chinese mer\n\nBared. The lus table of the des chant, F. T. Canag of Narking, was\n\nbe best post in Shanghai in 1915,\n\na bed enteroed at Birmingham\n\nA detective.\n\nTEST YOUR SENSE OF HUMOUR BY READING THESE\n\nCHILDREN'S FUNNY SA UNGS gelikatel, ke D--B: Kora $2.75 The nices Eubiour a chuit is perkara the west amusing This book contrine headrede of\n\nof all forras of Auu.\n\nchildren a whimsical sayings.\n\nSPORTING AND DRAMATIC VADNS, 65 R. 1. B. Seliar 32.45 Theas ven stories to note-sad quote at one's non-in the drawing seca, in the club sowking-room, and in pinces where charming peuple assemble in hosz hores make after- Sinter speechan.\n\nrick engines, as the body, in a coffin hirisapped by invite cu demanded to gnicon rasuthy' impris shrouded by the American Bag, nt is wito raumNot for coupting to obtail money by Embed the dude, luc broke the paid within two weeks, otherwise false referatations. silsues Wrenting of lowers, given they rentended to kill the bushand inspector said that Carinus, who, by the Filipine communities of hole; The wife, who did not a vleie inther was Town Cleak of victor\n\nthirty years, failed ia hist Yokoburn, Shanghai and longkong, og i pay the consent, arferred for\n\nher rabant's predicaron examinations for the Bar and and Atually evanized ice by came a farmer. u 109 his father banking self\n\nGloc audi he then travelled on a Coloidea in America be opened an\n\nwere laid is the eart\n\nDuring the interval betzen the\n\ndeparture of Sir Edward Stubbs,\n\nthe\n\nAtontreal, but va\n\nQUOTABLE ANECDOTER nollected by D. B. Koox ...\n\nThe special feature di Usungen mandje oghter providing book is its quctableness. Most of the anecdotes are Lovel And extremely envenug but the peculiarity that distin. guisbes them as than they cku be rubly quoted in spoe thes, articles and etzversublock.\n\nRAVAM Chinesa doajors ut Manila; rates with another inu, had atter K. C. M. G., and the arrival of car\n\nGovernor (Mr. Cecil Cle-have been senght selling the mixed they bad obtained $5,000 eme nienti) Sir Claud Severn, E. P. E, vi arushed its of glass A warr-appiicans for the position of mave will uet an Officer Administering to the public to beware of buyer the couple disappeared. Thay\n\nEdwardice in Chinese \"sari-sa\" moves were eresied Government. Bir\n\nwe tested by the health services. Tabel the morey. Paperý sledi Stubbs.\n\ntc according\n\nhas also been disovered that a few they find engaged in similar dealings Arrangements and provided the Chinese reice dealers we also selling in various part of Canada, and the local situation pomte, will leave lard aflated with pontos al Toronto authorities bustested Hongkong during the early part) Sume Chiese store keepers and am pretensional “rooks\" and of October, his successor beloties merahnuts see now facing it-nordenen tiskaters. From Adelaido due to arrive atout Puree weeks watigation by officials of the head was reperied in 1969 that Cur Jater. Sir Clad Severn expects to series. Proceention fer violation of loss rat another man sarried proceed Home on leave in Deeen the pore food and drug law will be operations (is donhiul shararterį\n\nlie that were. isted against sum of timin.\n\nber,\n\n$8.15\n\nKELLY & WALSH, LIMITED. Carb Koed.\n\nEx 9. FRENCH MAIL AMBOISE,\"\n\nA NICE ASSORTMENT-OF BEST KIND OF FRENCH PRESERVES\n\nIncluding\n\nBeans, Peas, Celery, Spinach, Mushrooms, Whole Artichokes, elc,\n\nMacquerel, Sardines, Tunay, Herrings, Auchovies, etc., in White Wine, Oil, Tomato or Various Sauces.\n\nFoie Gras Naturel Forced, Pigs Feet, Truffed Boudins, Hare Pate, Veul Head Sauce Tortue Turkey Galantine.\n\nPort-Salut Cheese, Face Maggi, etc, etc.\n\nMAG - SIN GENERAL The Corner Shop\n\nPhone C5312\n\nTAMANTER\n\nThe latest designs\n\nLADIES' PLATINUM WRIST WATCHES SET WITH DIAMONDS\n\nfrowe\n\n$200\n\nSwiss Made\n\nAT\n\nSENNET FRERES\n\nTHE ALEXANDRA CAFE\n\nCAN SUPPLY\n\nBREAD AND CAKES.\n\nBirthday Cakes, Christenning Cakes, Wedding Cakes,\n\nand all kinds of fancy Cakes.\n\nAGENTS\n\nHUNG CHEONG, Kowloon. FOOK CHEONG TAI, Quarry Bay.\n\nSIMPLEX PLASTER PARTITIONS\n\nAND\n\nGEILINGS\n\n5 Beaconsfield Arcade\n\nThe SIMPLEX SYSTE\n\nHARPER'S\n\nSUMMERTIME SPECIALITY.\n\nMOSKA-CIDE\n\nA little of this wonderfu) commate apickled on subirea ce pillows wül kap rayosquito from thu vio.usty of your bedside or couch\n\nBartles $1.00 and $2.00. MOSQUITOES WON'T COME NEAR IT. Obtainable only ai\n\nQueen's Dispensary\n\nTel. No. 492.\n\nC. W. HANDLEY & CO. 29, Dog Vonx Rund, Centesi,\n\nGrand Prize of Honour\n\nPanama-Pacific International\n\nExposition\n\nSAN FRANCISCO, 1913\n\nAsahi-Beer\n\nSold Everywhere.\n\nSOLE AGENTS :\n\nMITSUI BUSSAN KAISHA, LTD.\n\n\"BARGAINS\"\n\nIN\n\nREFLEX CAMERAS & FOLDING CAMERAS\n\nWind with the failu-wing user\n\nCooke F2-5, F3-λ, F4-5 & F5-3,\n\nDallmeyer F2 3, F36, F4-5, & F6-3.\n\nZrise F36, FI-S & P6.3.\n\nKOER 4-5, 56 & 76-2.\n\ncall at\n\nA. TACK & Co.\n\n26 De Road Central.\n\nTHE\n\nFIRE PROOF\n\nSOUTH\n\nCHINA MORNING POST\n\nWEDNESDAY, AUGUST 26,\n\n1925.\n\nSPORTS fall SORTS\n\nHONGKONG BASEBALL\n\nGAMES FOR TO-DAY AND TO-MORROW.\n\nIn accordanLE with the re-41- ranged schedule wijet makes pro- valon for rener insiche, betw9) altores the Coague, there wit\n\nTHE WEET DAUGHTER\" GOLF CLUB,\n\nMORE STRIKE FIGURES.\n\n(By. \"Missolputts\" for the\n\nS. C. M. Post.)\n\nLAWN TENNIS.\n\nJOHNSTON WINS TROPHY.\n\nNewport R ), Aug 24. In the final of the Newport Ja vitation singles bowl, Johnson heat Norrou 63, 63, 8.3, thus) winning the trophy entright. And the Durables, fobistan and fin boat Serien and Casey 6, S1, 5,7, 26, 6.3. Treater Ancorican, Service.\n\nTHE OLD FAVOURITE\n\nBOORD'S\n\nOLD TOM GIN.\n\nCAT on BARREL BRAND\n\nOBTAINABLE AT ALL FIRST CLASE STORES.\n\nBred 111, Arg 24. Miss talen Wills roteinod the Women's National Lawa Tennis Championship, defeating Miss\n\nSale Agente\n\n3\n\nIn convection with the lies Meus 3:6, 6/9, 4,3 Reder's CALDBECK, MACGREGOR & Co., Ltd.\n\nbe two mid-week games played off moule corved daring the month at American Snowce juu the Houpy Valley dirmeist this \"ono Daughter Weep Golf\n\nin the opening matches of the\n\nBrookline, August 25,\n\nThe Grai u thoso i tired to Chuh,, za patience is \"Backpi's\" comurance at 5 pm, today, when festes on the 2nd instat, I wanted National Dumbles Championships the Filipino Club wil meet the Iu the courtcess Setreing of the Kinsey brothers, holders, boat dian R. P., who are at present at Clah with\n\nbtaining Hot and Halia Smuth, 7-6,6-4, 8-4; the boils of the Lable. To can- Purcher statintizm\n\nDemagis and Reignon beat Levazil noo but be anticipated that the\n\n02 mors\" mit hallused Vansien, 6-3,7-5, 6-3, Mili ant Filipino side will win, although Geoval, po fiering a co vite, jone Casey bost Shuster and Jonkines. the Indian team is alowing better those that one that isly, 7-5,6-4, 4; Westcased Emen Dora and pat up a stering came which we leerely devined. Pirids and Wasaki. 6-2,66, agalust the Japannes na Saturday Rogel tot To Golf Cirs le proad 6-2; Vildog and Wience boat Jopen last. The Arst guns between for its sacreen reden for Angvei, bal and logeshest, 6-4,56, 618-N--;\n\nthem treated in win for the do not for a moment eaypow that ¦ Bruter's American Service. Filipines by 15 to three.\n\nxo am entering into ang serious The Volunteer Defence Corps jrivalry with the Hant You: anl are scheduled to meet the base werk High Rocks or any other straling Japanese at 5, p.no, tommur- jorganization; and also you wil cow and a goat game la expected, please remember that we are far too wing the Volunteers falling to hard bung to provide full statistics of our the lesboinly percet Nipponesa, attivities weile stila\" Full who will have the velcer of the prof this was indeed patent in Playing x Chesterboid, La recevabtable ishimatsu as pitcher. teribe what of typewriter, calbire defence Derbyshire by Their earlier woering ended in au calculating machine pencil shara intings and 132 rans. Bears: Joverwhelming victory for the rengly want other Inclinary by Laucalice, 278.\n\nDerbyshire, S7 and 78. Japanse by 18 to four, which jbich we were surtunJed considering all things, was a good\n\nThe highest contributora Fressed however, harp. Ex tuore Lancashire wore Watson 62, Hal- for showing by the Volunteers. It gres, the aubice of tus peindust and Pewires 15, whikt. hoped that they will ranke an eventer wired papur and pen Towsond, Derby's Bowler, took better nue tomorrow.\n\nNo icons have bean received.\n\nJani alter serve nderful work y\n\nthe\n\nYACHTING.\n\nMR. BLAKE ON 6 METRE COMPETITION,\n\nQualities of Monsoon.\n\nHOME CRICKET.\n\nLANCASHIRE'S EASY WIN.\n\nLondon, Aux. 24.\n\nIr.\n\ntied staff of the sarees, four wickets for 57 rina. Your Peri Sage, Spoke and Darby's first innings, Tyldesley Chr was able to give us the jojowok eight wiekota for 40 runt, Seg infertuskinn.\n\nard in Derby's second krock Years ago, before the great Get Sibbles took fire wickets for 30\n\n| xuan---Herten hendi, Mr. Pineb valeukased that the jaar generated by jutits missed on iche gli con of Great Brita in jose past wuulih, it properly tiliaest, jelove and feed a men for six\n\nTHE ST. LEGER.\n\nMANNA IS FAVOURITE.\n\nLondon, Aug. 24.\n\nA reported in these columns jaga; working on the sette foarala, from me to rina, Bir. Blake's 1 may say than the host genercial Mouser from Singapore has met in me year by balta bene lost t\n\nTo be rst esiinrer of the Sz. Find a rery successful sencon at Weep lygter wee tothe and Legs at tex Victoria Cob to-day,\n\nhorse, but has been consistently red suitably ten Canton Bolshevicts Manza\n\nwas installed favourite, read at all the South Coast re- or the terms of their wanatabil Res 4 in 1 otuz taken and offered\n\nsttas. Writing From England may say that in their counter.\n\nto Singapore, 3. Blake says he original formula bo beru varieg\n\nabout racing away et rout of lightly and wilde fond be be avecis viven for the Eolant Dussafak, of rice per die red for Classes round about Sonthampton, labing t\n\nbut so far without getting a win- niux Beg.\n\nTheatre Class ic\n\nja very bor any, including as it\n\nA Few Move Piprez,\n\nits la empaled that the number\n\nLEAGUE'S OPIUM\n\nCOMMITTEE.\n\nBRITISH APPOINTED CHATEMAN,\n\nGeneva, Aug 24. The campout snriggling of\n\nduce the rack helicamen and ni rada not dancer in the Cleb frzewa of the South Coast of Eug-House after dinact by ki wh\n\nlead, and Mr. Blake feels quite have dine there is equal to the ex- SOUND PROOFd that his yacht can five plant of the ads in this Colony, drugs was one of the principal\n\nSending Now Thavidurios This, I take subjects of discussion of the) among them at all.\n\nManwood is best in light breezes, it, is a striking testimony the League's Advisory Committen on Togain, which niet te-lay, and but when it blow up she anot excelience of this fre 15wvinna.\n\nHONGKONG EXCAVATION, PILE DRIVING & CONSTRUCTION Co., Ltd.\n\nTel. 01. 8718.\n\nZad Floor, Powell's Building.\n\nCalfore pure de Ferments lactiques bulgares sur mitinu végétaj\n\nGLEED-INTÉZ\n\nBARRELS, CONTALIONS\n\nTELL Sza\n\nSAPAN Am\n\nAMERICA AND NEW ZEALAND.\n\nCONDIAL FAREWELL\n\nEXPRESSIONS.\n\nign to windward with the other - munder of Brinks prottered looted Sir Makrola Delovingue bosts, not being an ait This fee and refused by rubenbers wond Cosieman, and he dermian, due to her hul beine constructed unt, if poured into the ses at Wey. Professor Terr Acainuno, as Vice-Chainman. The absence of of teakwood, which takes a lot Daughter Bag, effent the love of the the Chien delegate, Mr. Chr ECONOMICAL extra weight, which is evidert wules of Weiss Buy is in 2-sue of instructions, in the keels of the other Boula mass of an inch at ordinary Spisens no sarprise in view of the better advantage.\n\nWides\n\nChinese wishdrawal from the on- Still, Mr. Make sud his com Enter of tadies invading ference on February 7th- Raster. : jpanions pog swag, learning of ine lide menie zgacha romte and bee in a\n\nine, and the international Rules (week would, if it were possible (and į row have no terrors for the Jusirable) to stand them end on end, when designing another bout.\n\nterm a dle appwainuately venel ini\n\nMr. Blake says that if he was height to Mount Kellet; moly thei in England for good he would take two lower was, however, jassustic cat that tenkwood darks of Mon- that the pile were rigid and not zour and replace them with pine- foent) would be able to see into tha wood, as lighten up further mens dressing room, iters and put the weight a\n\nes proves in the greons at Week! gained down amongst the read. Daughter theory approximately age to the reale vs New The rigat and mash pane in the tran-font of their own Zealand says: A view our Cine sama very light compared weight in aarti Jaily. It is there parting with feelings of sadness. with what they are eastern- torn, eniculated that this were at the ehost space of two weeks ed to oul East, mud would ut feultured over a year it would'ng the varicas detachments of the lagi long with natives as crews. Jquire 20 even the size of the Priest have grown to love your pouple Mr. Blake adds that he personal- jdenk of the, Club to carry the earth and your counky, Oar twenty- ty, and lab the Royal Siegapuce iya yarde in three days\n\ntwo thend men will go home nich Yach Club, are deeply indehind The notices posed to use various\n\nspeak intelligently of Ney Hackelahi-Smith, the Chul Buses in car year comes Zolnud. iry M.\n\nYou may be sure thes Editor of The Fachling Monthly Įpaar fomitbag the rapina filed in sili ev as twenty-two thousan for the great trouble he has taken the office) uneagh to acce eft the well-wishers and boosters of your on behalf of Monsoon.\n\nFairways of de Chan verine Wonderful country.\"-- Restor\n\nPROCITIES, AZŠNES QRAPIN, ARTISTE PALZEMENTS DIE challe DERSGITUNES, TORKULASES SEGET STUMATHYRA PYCRPUDES Frog Taktiken i 19ŠEČE VYVENIŠE OSATIZIRA\n\nBULGARINE\n\nTHEPENIER\n\n14 COMPRIMIR grustten Swaggia - » POUDRY\n\nAdalton Suver dans compolnas;\n\nBukemeina 206 25mideure\n\nJapan 16 a 2 par jour).\n\nEntente: te doua.\n\nPricer, if\n\nFocuirer\n\n3 par jom,\n\nLARGRAT JIRE 4 PERMYNYS A. FAEPENISA. f. 1. Or,\n\nCompagnie Optorg\n\nAptu\n\nAMERICAN EXPRESS\n\nRAILWAY AND STEAMSHIP\n\nTICKETS\n\nTRAVELLERS' CHEQUES Express and Freight Forwarding.\n\nHONGKONG\n\n44 Des Voeux Ecad,\n\nTel. C. 4825.\n\nBOXING.\n\nPROSPECTS OF AN INTERESTING SEASON.\n\nIn at Interview with Afr. J. Bronk of the Hougkong Boxing Asesora-\n\nsica yesterday, our representative\n\ncanreek In this connection it is in- teresting to note, drag experiments face huing carried and with a new ane resobling real turf in gastify Frero which it is byped that pertines Butter beter juraced turd igzurady mag re nitized for revuling the greDAT\n\nthe various Courasi,“\n\nWellington, Aug, 21. Admiral Shortz in a tazewell\n\nwwwwwww.xxx.com.com GERMAN PULĪTICS.\n\nHERR WIRTH RESIONS.\n\nBerin Aug 24.\n\nPelion des are exload by ex-Chancellor Wield's resigna\n\nAt this point several telepboursion from berlap of the\n\nbelle mang, for routies appeared Centrists owing principally, to\n\nwas informed that there is every with chit hooks and with the depot disapproval to the Party's action prospect of a brilians winter se regret I was torcel is te ry son in the fisticuff sphere of Rong parure.\n\n[korg.\n\nYoungsters are coming along in\n\ngood style, he suic, and there will\n\nbo no dearth of entries in the possibility of arme of these being various classes. Hittorio.\n\nthe induced to come forward and put\n\npozices have given the best shows jep a show.\n\nhere, but new arrivals cu the stas\n\nPerhaps the most prominent of tion, both Navs! and Military, are the new arrivals is at present\n\nof\n\nBewegtners\n\na sapporting the Tarif Bill.\n\nHarr Wirth will remsin head of\n\na small party, of Independenti Centrists. Reutt\n\nSYRIAN OUTLOOK.\"\n\nTHE CALM CONTINUES.\n\nPark4, Aug. 21.\n\nThe Ministry of War annon\n\ncalibre to enthase the most on board . . . Farmes. | Cardened of fight tans.\n\nfa welter weight he has participated Among the\n\nare in the Army and Navy Champion-txt\n\nમ ea continea in the some dark horses win, although shops at Home, where bas Jebeltrase regim. they are men of merit, elden ven a good second at bheselt Suela is set earrounded but fe The town al 14, Klukiong Road appear outside their e intership and aceding to report is Ingres regulady applied by aeroplanes.\n\nBEANOHAL\n\nor regiontal bouts and there in King'a the ame\n\nReter.\n\nQuien's Bood Central.\n\nTelephone C. 75.\n\nBIG BARGAIN!\n\nTo make room for new stock, we will sell the entir\n\nstock of.\n\n“VOCALION” & “BANNER”\n\nDance Records\n\nFrom TO-DAY to 31st inst.\n\nAt the following prices ---\n\nBANNER DANCE RECORDS\n\nVOCALION DANCE RECORDS.....$ 1.20 each cash\n\n0.70 Babae hours:10 .. to 7 p.m. Sablay:-10 e.. to 4 p..\n\n+3\n\nCOSTA MUSIC CO., LTD.\n\n48. Nothes Road. Kowleon.\n\nPICCADILLY CLUB\n\nBREVAS PINAS\n\nAN EXCER}}}NGLY\n\nFINE SHOKE\n\nBaler\n\nMANGFACTURERS\n\nBox of\n\n23\n\nB. Yander TAX & CO.\n\nHOLLAND\n\nGET INABLE Ar\n\nTABAQUEIRA FILIPINA\n\n58 Quesu's Road, Central,\n\nYEE SANG FAT CO.\n\nTHE HONGKONG\n\nBARGAIN\n\nHOUSE.\n\nQUEEN'S ROAD & D'AGUILAK ST.\n\nB.V.D. BARGAINS\n\nUnion suit\n\n$2.75\n\nSingle Garment $1.40\n\nSUN HELMETS\n\nA big shipment\n\njust arrived\n\nAt\n\nBARGAIN PRICES\n\n$4.50, $6.75, $13.50\n\nSTRAW HATS\n\n$2,50, $3.00\n\n53 50, $4.00\n\nEvery Day Bargains.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 502028, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "page_number": 275, "title": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "content_text": "# Memorandum by the Director, Meteorological Office\n\nI see no reason why copies of the revised Circular to Mariners should not be distributed to the Shipping Companies mentioned in the letter from Hong Kong. I am afraid, however, that the response is likely to be very unsatisfactory.\n\nMany meteorological services have attempted to obtain meteorological data from the ocean by issuing general appeals to shipping to send them observations by wireless, but they have been almost uniformly unsuccessful. The failure of India, which for this purpose is very well situated, has been particularly marked and frequently referred to by the Director-General of Observatories, Simla.\n\nThe experience of the Meteorological Office, London, is that the only way to obtain satisfactory observations from ships is to organise the service on the same lines as a land service is organised. We provide the ships from which we wish observations, with fully tested instruments, registers in which to record the observations and forms on which to code and despatch the messages. In this way we have been successful in obtaining very satisfactory meteorological information from the North Atlantic, our success only being limited by the amount of money available, as the service is naturally somewhat expensive. The organisation of such a service in the Atlantic is particularly easy owing to the regularity with which ships cross and recross from one side to the other. I can see considerable difficulty in the organisation of such a service from Hong Kong; but I think some attempt should be made to work along the lines of individual co-operation rather than along the lines of broadcast requests for help.\n\nDuring recent years this question of obtaining meteorological observations from ships at sea has been very much before the International Meteorological Committee.\n\nPage 267", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 502029, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "page_number": 276, "title": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "content_text": "313) Wt.\n\n268\n\nThere are two aspects to the question. The first is the transmission of observations from ships to the national meteorological service as in the present case. The second is the transmission of meteorological information from ship to ship, necessitated by the increasing interest in, and knowledge of, meteorological matters amongst seamen. Success, from both these aspects, depends very largely on the form of message used in the exchange and after considerable international correspondence a code has been drawn up and very generally adopted.\n\nA copy of the forms supplied by the Meteorological Office to the ships which send wireless messages to London is attached. From these the form of message and code used can be seen. The message consists of 8 groups of figures. The first 4 groups are those recommended by the International Meteorological Committee, and they have been adopted by practically every country which has organised a ship's service. Amongst these are England, Norway, Sweden, Holland, France, South Africa and, I believe, Japan. The International Meteorological Committee decided that any information supplied in addition to these 4 groups should be left to the discretion of the individual countries. In England we have adopted 4 more groups, the first 2 of which give a very powerful check on the accuracy of the international message. By this check any errors introduced in the first 4 groups during transmission can not only be detected but corrected. The two final groups give information additional to that provided in the international groups.\n\n1\n\nI think it is highly desirable that Hong Kong should come, so far as possible, into line with this international procedure.\n\nThe request from Hong Kong for observations from ships will be referred to in an early number of the...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 502060, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "page_number": 307, "title": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "content_text": "The Times\n\n16/2/25?.\n\n293\n\nOPIUM TRIAL AT SHANGHAI.\n\nSECRET PASSAGES. [FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT.]\n\nSHANGHAI, FEB. 15. Great interest attaches here to the trial by the Mixed Court of seven Chinese, who are charged with importing and selling opium. In the course of the proceedings some remarkable allegations were made in regard to the extent of the trade and the connexion of prominent Chinese officials in the Shanghai district with the traffic.\n\nThe trial is the result of a raid by the police on a house in the Canton-road in the International Settlement. In the house was an astonishing series of secret passages, and in cupboards was discovered opium estimated at the value of 1,250,000 dollars [£156,066]. There was also a mass of documents revealing an immense organization for the import of Turkish opium. This is shipped from Constantinople to Vladivostok, but diverted to Shanghai, where delivery is taken outside the Woosung Forts, and the cargo transferred thence to the Kiangnan arsenal, both places being outside the Shanghai harbour limits.\n\nOne of the contracts produced the following: \"The Navy, Army, and police will specially assist in the protection of the goods.\" The reference is, of course, to the Chinese. The names of firms at Constantinople and Basel and a Japanese firm were mentioned, as well as those of the Chinese, as implicated. A telegraphic code for dealing in opium, heroin, morphia, and cocaine was found, as well as contracts made out in dollars, yen, sterling, and Turkish currency, amounting to millions of dollars.\n\nInvolved in the case is a man whose relations are alleged to have made vast fortunes in cornering foreign opium on the cessation of the export of Indian opium; and a firm which is suing the accused Chinese for non-payment of a share of the profits on the import of opium.\n\nApart from the implication of Chinese officials, the case throws a glaring light on the scandalous sale to Chinese and others of patents of nationality of the smaller nations. This is a very old grievance, which does much to justify the Chinese complaint that extra-territoriality directly contributes to disorder in China. It is high time the Great Powers were urged to effect the suppression of the abuse.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 503196, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]", "page_number": 271, "title": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]", "content_text": "COPY\n\nD\n\nFrom\n\nTo\n\nEnclosure No. 4.\n\nPRINTED OR USE\n\nCasterin\n\nNo 104\n\nCOLONIAL OFFICE.\n\nTranslation of Code Telegram.\n\nHon. Mr. J. H. Kemp.\n\nGovernor, Hongkong,\n\n(Clementi)\n\nDate\n\n22nd July, 1926.\n\n15\n\n269\n\nChinese delegation Wednesday proposed two alternatives:-\n\n1. International judicial enquiry into Shakee incident.\n\n2. Compensation to strikers and relatives of killed at Shakee.\n\nWe definitely reject compensation to strikers. We objected that enquiry so late would be very difficult, concurrence of other powers would be necessary, and enquiry might take a year. Doubtful if boycott would be lifted pending result of enquiry. We urged settlement of boycott now and postponement of question of enquiry and mutual claims. Possible object of Canton is delay awaiting expected developments in Central and North China favourable to them. Please take no action, and do not telegraph London until further communication from us.\n\nNext meeting today or tomorrow.\n\nUnnumbered telegram of 22nd.\n\nKEMP.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 504541, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]", "page_number": 411, "title": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]", "content_text": "Downing Street,\n\n9 October, 1926.\n\n402\n\nDear Smythier,\n\nYou will remember that at our recent conference at the Foreign Office you raised the question of what action would be permissible in the event of a Cantonese aeroplane\n\n(1) flying over Hongkong\n\n(2) flying over Hongkong and dropping propaganda\n\n(3) flying over Hongkong and dropping a bomb or bombs.\n\nIt was agreed that as (1) and (2) would apparently be decided under Hongkong law we should look into the matter and let you know the position; and that (3) would be decided under the international code and was therefore a matter for the Foreign Office.\n\nAs regards (1) and (2) I enclose for your information a copy of Hongkong Ordinance No. 26 of 1912\n\nLIEUT.-COMMANDER B.E. SMYTHIES, D.F.C.\n\n...\n\n*1924 Revision", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 504545, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]", "page_number": 415, "title": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]", "content_text": "It was agreed that \n\na (1) and K \n\n& decided camber \n\nshould look into this matter \n\nwould apparently HK law \n\nand let \n\nIn \n\nknow \n\nthe position; and \n\nthat (3) \n\nwould be decided \n\ninternational code \n\nunder the \n\nJ. Harding. \n\nSuchley. \n\ncode d \n\nht \n\ntherefore \n\nA \n\nmatter \n\nShuckburgh. \n\nGrindle. \n\nfor the F.O. \n\n15. \n\nWilson \n\nLy-Gore. \n\nClarendon. \n\nin my dig. \n\nSin \n\nFT. \n\nDea Shiang, \n\nAs regards (1) and (2) I enclose for \n\nYour information \n\na \n\ncopy of HK Ordinance \n\nNo 26 1924 Revision \n\nJ 443 \n\nthe position. \n\nNo 26 which \n\nagrees adequately \n\nI should be glad if you would let me \n\nin the course of the mould \n\nenquiries \n\nre (3). \n\nYours sincerely \n\n(sd) The \n\n406 \n\nW. Strang Esq \n\nForeign Office \n\n9 \n\nOct 12th \n\nI have been asked \n\nto make enquiry \n\nabout the treatment \n\nof Hongkong. \n\nYours \n\nwith reference to this \n\nCantones asylum \n\nI expect you \n\nbut with sending a copy \n\nif you wish.\n\n(VR) THE \n\nDAY'S", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 508148, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-501-3 Chinese situation- Protection of British subjects of Chinese race 23-10-1926 - 21-12-1927", "page_number": 116, "title": "CO129-501-3 Chinese situation- Protection of British subjects of Chinese race 23-10-1926 - 21-12-1927", "content_text": "## 117 \n\n4 \n\nIf the Chinese suggestion were adopted, it would mean that British courts in China would apply the draft codes as well as those actually promulgated. This would be a considerable extension of the British proposal as it now stands.\n\n## 66 \n\n6. I was asked the meaning of the words \"subordinate legislation,\" and \"throughout China\" in the third proposal. I explained the former expression in the words of the definition given in Foreign Office telegram No. 92 of the 1st February last to His Majesty's Legation, and added that I thought that such legislation as by-laws would be included as far as practicable; the latter expression I thought might mean, as the Chinese representatives suggested, not every part of China, but only such part as the legislation intended to affect.\n\n7. The Chinese representatives declared themselves unable to discuss the fourth proposal, relating to taxation, but the enclosed copy of a memorandum (`enclosure No. 2`) submitted to the Extra-territoriality Commission on the 5th May last by the Chinese delegate (Dr. Wang Chung-hui) gives some indication of the taxes which the Chinese Government will expect British subjects to pay.\n\n8. In connection with the fifth proposal, relating to the revised Chinese Penal Code, the Chinese delegates expressed the hope that an effort would be made to remedy the state of affairs referred to in paragraph 40 of the Extra-territoriality Commission's Report, by establishing in China the final Court of Appeal in mixed criminal cases. I made no comment on this suggestion beyond saying that the matter would receive attention. The Chinese have little cause for complaint on this score so far as the British courts are concerned. There is no appeal to the Privy Council from a decision of the Full Court in criminal matters, save by leave of the Privy Council, and I understand that leave is not readily given, especially when the appeal is on a question of fact.\n\n9. Lastly, the question of \"judicial assistance\" was raised. The Chinese wish the original proposal presented by Dr. Wang Chung-hui to the Extra-territoriality Commission to be accepted. That proposal was as follows:\n\n| Location | Entity Responsible for Execution |\n| --- | --- |\n| In the Legation quarter in Peking | the Legation quarter police |\n| In the concessions and settlements where there is a municipal police | by the municipal police |\n| In any other place where a national of the participating Powers may be residing in accordance with the treaties | by the local police |\n| In case the person under Chinese jurisdiction has taken refuge on board a vessel flying the flag of one of the participating Powers | the consul of such Power who shall have it executed without delay |\n\n\"Judgments (civil and criminal), summonses and warrants of arrest, detention and search, concerning persons under Chinese jurisdiction, when duly issued by a competent Shen P'an T'ing Court, and certified as such by the Wai-chiao Pu or by the local Commissioner for Foreign Affairs, should be executed ...\n\nAsylum of political offenders in the compounds of the Legations in Peking should be governed by the general rules and practices of international law.\n\nBearing in mind the telegraphic correspondence exchanged on this subject between the Foreign Office and His Majesty's Legation, I said that in the case of British vessels the present practice should remain unchanged, and that an exception would probably have to be made to Dr. Wang's proposals in the case of premises actually occupied by British subjects in the treaty-port areas. The Chinese delegates expressed disappointment at this exception being made, and said that they hoped it would not be pressed.\n\n*Not printed*\n\nI have, &c.\nC. F. GARSTIN.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-501-3 Chinese situation- Protection of British subjects of Chinese race 23-10-1926 - 21-12-1927.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 508683, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-502-10 Macao opium traffic 6-12-1926 - 7-12-1927", "page_number": 71, "title": "CO129-502-10 Macao opium traffic 6-12-1926 - 7-12-1927", "content_text": "## Enclosure No.3\n\nMacau, 9th July, 1927.\n\n71\n\nI beg to acknowledge the receipt of Your Excellency's favour No.3207/1927 and feel happy to be able to tender my sincere thanks for Your Excellency's good will in assisting the Macau Government in the difficulties which it has met to secure raw opium for the use of the newly established Government Administration in accordance with the International conditions accepted by the Portuguese Government, in common with other Governments.\n\nI am grateful to Your Excellency especially for the efforts made on behalf of my Government, to secure from His Excellency the Secretary of State for the Colonies the necessary authority to cede 10 chests of raw Indian Opium to this Colony, and it is an indication of Your Excellency's invaluable services that the British Government, in London, acceded to Your Excellency's request.\n\nIn accordance with Your Excellency's suggestion I telegraphed to His Excellency the Minister for the Colonies in Lisbon requesting him to employ the services of the Portuguese Embassy to the court of St. James to second Your Excellency's many requests to grant supplies of raw Indian Opium to this Colony, but so far I have not yet received his reply.\n\nI will telegraph again regarding this matter and would request Your Excellency the favour not to allow this subject to drop as it is my opinion that in every way the supply of raw opium we need should, in preference, come from Hong Kong, in restricted quantity intended entirely for local consumption.\n\nHis Excellency \nThe Governor, HONG KONG.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-502-10 Macao opium traffic 6-12-1926 - 7-12-1927.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 509171, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-502-6 China- general situation 7-1-1927 - 3-3-1927", "page_number": 96, "title": "CO129-502-6 China- general situation 7-1-1927 - 3-3-1927", "content_text": "## 108A\n\n\n## 109 \n\n2 \n\nThe discipline and self-control under the most trying circumstances was beyond all praise. The marines were pelted with bricks and stones. They had every justification for firing in self-defence, but they did not fire. Some of them were knocked down and injured, and, in the course of bayonet charges to rescue them, two Chinese were injured. The statement that Chinese were killed is not true. It was clear, however, that the mob could not be held back indefinitely except by firing, and there could be no doubt that such action, besides the immediate loss of life involved, would lead to an attack by force on the British concession and to a massacre of British subjects. On the 4th and 5th January, the rioting continued. The Nationalist troops undertook to keep order. But without firing on the rioters, this was impossible, and no firing was permitted by the Nationalist Government. In the result, the concession was occupied by the mob, the British troops withdrew, and then the Nationalist Government took the concession over. It has not been returned.\n\n6. The seizure of the British concession was an unjustifiable attack on the long-established rights of the British commercial community. It was followed by a similar event at Kiukiang. It was clear from these episodes that there is no guarantee for the safety of British lives or property in Chinese cities under the authority of the Nationalist Government in the present revolutionary state of affairs. Any incident might have led to bloodshed. It was equally clear that the British forces on the spot were insufficient to protect British subjects. It was obvious that, with the advance of the Nationalist forces towards Shanghai, similar danger threatened the large British community residing there, and the immense interests which British enterprise has built up in that city. Further, whereas the comparatively small communities at Hankow and Kiukiang could be safely evacuated to Shanghai at short notice, there could be no speedy evacuation of the much larger British population at the latter town. In these circumstances, His Majesty's Government decided, as a precautionary measure, to send such troops to China as they were advised were required for the protection of the British community at Shanghai. The composition of this force is in itself a guarantee that it can only be utilised for the defensive purposes for which it is exclusively intended. It is hoped that it will soon be withdrawn, or better still that it may never have to land in China; but His Majesty's Government are determined that what has happened at Hankow and Kiukiang shall not be repeated at Shanghai, and that the lives of the British community there shall be protected against all danger.\n\n7. The determination to defend the lives of British subjects is, however, only one side of the China policy of His Majesty's Government. In their statement of the 18th December, they declared their readiness to negotiate on Treaty Revision and all other outstanding questions as soon as the Chinese themselves had constituted a Government with authority to negotiate; and pending the establishment of such a Government, to pursue a constructive policy so that ultimately, when Treaty Revision became possible, it would be found that part at least of the revision had already been effected on satisfactory lines. His Majesty's Government, therefore, at once proceeded to investigate what measures they could take by unilateral action without revision of treaties to meet the aspirations of the Chinese people. These measures have now been formulated, and were laid before the Chinese authorities in the North and the South on the 27th January in a statement, copy of which is annexed hereto. They imply an immediate and radical modification of the old Treaty position, so far as His Majesty's Government are concerned, and are an earnest of further modifications as soon as conditions permit. But before this can be successfully attempted, it is essential that the official stimulation of anti-British propaganda must cease. The comparative peace of the greater part of Southern China during the last two or three months has proved that, when organised agitation and intimidation are absent, friendly relations between the Chinese and British people remain as excellent as they have been in the past.\n\n8. The policy of His Majesty's Government is therefore a development, not a departure from the Washington Conference policy, as defined in the first paragraph of this statement. In accordance with Article 7 of the Washington China Treaty, they have communicated fully and frankly to the Governments of the other Washington Powers their views regarding the situation, both as concerns the defence of life at Shanghai and the proposed steps towards Treaty revision. It is for them to determine to what extent they feel able to associate themselves with the policy of His Majesty's Government in both its aspects.\n\n## 3 \n\nIn any case, His Majesty's Government have felt it right to make this communication to the League of Nations so that its members may have before them a full statement of His Majesty's Government's policy in China and may understand how completely it is in accord with both the letter and the spirit of the Covenant. His Majesty's Government deeply regret that there does not appear to be any way in which the assistance of the League in the settlement of the difficulties in China can be sought at present. But, if any opportunity should arise of invoking the good offices of the League, His Majesty's Government will gladly avail themselves of it.\n\nI am,\n\n## Annex to No. 1.\n\n&c. **AUSTEN CHAMBERLAIN**\n\n### Measures for Treaty Modification as communicated to the Chinese Authorities on January 27, 1927.\n\n1. His Majesty's Government are prepared to recognise the modern Chinese law courts as the competent courts for cases brought by British plaintiffs or complainants and to waive the right of attendance of a British representative at the hearing of such cases.\n\n2. His Majesty's Government are prepared to recognise the validity of a reasonable Chinese nationality law.\n\n3. His Majesty's Government are prepared to apply, as far as practicable, in British courts in China the modern Chinese Civil and Commercial Codes (apart from Procedure Codes and those affecting personal status) and duly enacted subordinate legislation as and when such laws and regulations are promulgated and enforced in Chinese courts and on Chinese citizens throughout China.\n\n4. His Majesty's Government are prepared to make British subjects in China liable to pay such regular and legal Chinese taxation, not involving discrimination against British subjects or British goods, as is in fact imposed on and paid by Chinese citizens throughout China.\n\n5. His Majesty's Government are prepared, as soon as the revised Chinese Penal Code is promulgated and applied in Chinese courts, to consider its application in British courts in China.\n\n6. His Majesty's Government are prepared to discuss and enter into arrangements, according to the particular circumstances at each port concerned, for the modification of the municipal administrations of British concessions so as to bring them into line with the administrations of the special Chinese administrations set up in former concessions at Hankow or for their amalgamation with neighbouring concessions or former concessions now under Chinese control or for the transfer of police control of the concession areas to the Chinese authorities.\n\n7. His Majesty's Government are prepared to accept the principle that British missionaries should no longer claim the right to purchase land in the interior, that Chinese converts should look to Chinese law and not to treaties for protection, and that missionary, educational, and medical institutions will conform to Chinese laws and regulations applying to similar Chinese institutions.\n\n### Note 1.\n\nWhen communicating these proposals to Mr. Chen at Hankow on the 27th January, Mr. O'Malley prefaced them with the following paragraph:—\n\n\"When a satisfactory settlement has been reached in respect to the British concessions at Hankow and Kiukiang, and when assurances have been given by the Nationalist Government that they will not countenance any alteration except by negotiation of the status of the British concessions and international settlements, His Majesty's Government will be prepared to concede at once and on the lines indicated in the enclosure hereto a part of what is desired of them by the Chinese Nationalist party. So liberal and generous a step cannot in their view be regarded otherwise than as an earnest of the fair and conciliatory spirit with which they are animated.\"\n\n### Note 2.\n\nThe words in italics in paragraph 6 were omitted from Mr. Lampson's communication to Dr. Koo.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-502-6 China- general situation 7-1-1927 - 3-3-1927.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 511964, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-506-3 Opium policy- experimental reduction of price to counteract sale of smuggled opium; proposal to buy... 7-10-1927 - 17-12-1927", "page_number": 40, "title": "CO129-506-3 Opium policy- experimental reduction of price to counteract sale of smuggled opium; proposal to buy... 7-10-1927 - 17-12-1927", "content_text": "Mr. Caine 1/12 2/12\n\nMr. Ellis\n\nMr.\n\nMr. E. J. Harding\n\nSir C. Strachey.\n\nSir J. Shuckburgh.\n\nSir G. Grindle.\n\nSir C. Davis.\n\nSir S. Wilmot.\n\nMr. Ormsby-Gore\n\nLord Lovat.\n\n3/12\n\nPurchase of\n\nPersian opium\n\nMr. Amery.\n\nfor\n\nThe purpose\n\nDRAFT. Tel. festaker\n\nGov.\n\nHong Kong\n\nImmediate.\n\nCoch (esterday)\n\nAQ\n\n30 DEC 1927\n\nCof-All- 30 DEC\n\nOmit? See the draft Jes\n\nSee minute\n\nE.C\n\n30236/27\n\nPRINTE\n\nHong Kong\n\nFOR USE\n\nEaeli\n\n155.\n\nCOLONIAL OFFICE\n\nThis is a\n\ncypher tel.\n\nI have\n\n& must not be referred\n\nin a code tel.\n\n40\n\nthese fore Cranes fessed the refee. to the accompanying apples\n\ntel.\n\nAY.7/12\n\nCoded & sent 8-30p.m 7/12/27\n\nYour telegram of 2nd December H.M.G.\n\nare unable to approve continuance of\n\nexperimental sale of low-priced opium\n\nin view of the international difficulties to which it would give rise\n\nIt has been decided, however,\n\nMemorandum should be drawn\n\nfor communication\n\naddressed to the League of Nations,\n\nsetting forth the difficulties\n\nexperienced by the Government in\n\ncontrolling the traffic in opium and\n\ninviting the League to send a Commission to the East to examine the problem\n\nof the spot.\n\nPage 40\n\nPage 41", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-506-3 Opium policy- experimental reduction of price to counteract sale of smuggled opium; proposal to buy... 7-10-1927 - 17-12-1927.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 516937, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-513-2 Problem of extra-territorial privileges in China and the abolition of extra-territoriality 15-8-1929 - 15-11-1929", "page_number": 9, "title": "CO129-513-2 Problem of extra-territorial privileges in China and the abolition of extra-territoriality 15-8-1929 - 15-11-1929", "content_text": "## SCRAPS OF PAPER\n\n[Reprinted from the Peking & Tientsin Times of July 6, 1929.]\n\nIf we return to-day to the case of the forcible seizure of a consignment of Japanese paper, consigned to the Min Yen Pao, it is not because we desire to exaggerate the importance of the barefaced robbery of a comparatively small cargo of newsprint, but because we intend to show that what has occurred at Peking, under the very nose of the President of the National Government, strikes at the very root of China's pretensions, administrative, judicial, and diplomatic. We propose to deal with the issues raised under these headings, taking the diplomatic aspect first.\n\nIt may be recalled that the Notes embodying the settlement of the Tsinan question contained a stipulation on the Japanese side that the Chinese Government guarantee, on their sole responsibility, the safety of the lives and property of the Japanese subjects resident in China after the withdrawal of the Japanese troops from Shantung. The Chinese Government accepted this stipulation, recognizing its responsibility \"in accordance with international law\" to \"afford protection to foreign nationals in China, and that they consider it incumbent on them to extend such protection to resident Japanese in future.\"\n\nIt is not stretching the meaning of this undertaking to insist that it applies not only to the actual protection of the persons of Japanese and of property actually in their possession, but also to the Chinese Government's responsibility \"in accordance with international law\" to permit the free circulation in Chinese territory of articles of Japanese manufacture which have paid the stipulated import duties. That was the Japanese, and as we shall show later, the Chinese understanding of the agreement. No one in his senses can suppose that the Japanese Minister would have signed the Tsinan Notes had there been appended thereto a reservation to the effect that goods of Japanese origin or manufacture would be liable to seizure immediately they left the Japanese importers' hands. The mere collection of import duty is official recognition of the right of the Japanese to dispose, as and where they will, of the cargoes on which it has been paid. And the use of the word \"protection\" becomes meaningless if the value of Japanese property is destroyed by the inability of the importers to deliver their goods to bona fide and law-abiding purchasers. The Min Yen Pao incident, then, is a gross violation of a solemn international obligation, and raises in an acute form, the question whether the National Government is able or willing to fulfil the responsibilities it assumes as a result of negotiations with Foreign States.\n\n## \n\nFrom the administrative point of view, the failure of the National Government is equally glaring. Shortly after the signature of the Tsinan agreement, orders were issued by the Central Kuomintang Headquarters to the effect that all anti-Japanese movements throughout the Country were immediately to be terminated, and all existing anti-Japanese organizations were thenceforward to devote their attention to the development of national industry, instead of enforcing an anti-Japanese boycott. The Peking and Tientsin boycott organizations, we believe, in common with those in Mid-China, changed their name to that of \"Committee for Accelerating the Abolition of the Unequal Treaties.\" But they absolutely refused to relax their anti-Japanese activities, which were, in fact, intensified to an extent which has brought about collisions between the members of the Boycott Committee, and the merchants' organizations, in various parts of this province. The merchants not unnaturally resented continued interference with their trade after the Government's order that the boycott should cease.\n\nAnd they have protested, repeatedly, but ineffectively, against the confiscation or taxation of their cargo by organizations which were never strictly legal, and have now been formally banned by the National Government. Yet in Peking, while General Chiang Kai-shek has actually been in residence there, the local boycott Committee has not only openly defied the authorities, but won the day. It rejected the request of the proprietor, the military and the police authorities, and the mayor, for the release of a consignment of Japanese paper which had been illegally seized at the Chienmen Station; and after the Joint Military and Police Office sent troops to remove the cargo and deliver it to its lawful owner, the local Committee had the audacity to raid the Min Yen Pao offices, armed with clubs and iron bars, and remove most of the cargo to its headquarters. Two of the ringleaders in this act of robbery with violence were arrested by the Police. They have since been released with profuse apologies, and are now being treated as heroes by the local Kuomintang. It is evident, therefore, that the orders of the Government are of no effect in Peking, and that they can be treated with complete contempt by any gang of hooligans that poses as a \"patriotic organization.\"\n\nBut it is perhaps from the judicial point of view that the incident is most serious. Attempts are being made by the Nanking Government to bring about the immediate and unconditional abolition of extraterritoriality. Dr. Wang Chung-hui, the Minister of Justice, is at present abroad conducting a propaganda campaign with this object in view. He has already been giving interviewers glowing pictures of the modernization of China's judicial codes, Courts, and prisons, and attacking extraterritoriality as an obsolete system \"not in keeping with the dignity of New China.\" Is it in keeping with that \"dignity\" that criminals arrested in the very act of committing a felony—to wit, robbery with violence—should never even be brought to trial, but, on the threat of hostile demonstrations by their accomplices, should be released with profound apologies by the Director of the Military and Police Department, and humbly persuaded to accept their freedom? The incident is such a travesty of justice that the facts would be read with incredulity in any law-abiding country in Europe or America. Imagine, if it is possible, the Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police, Lord Byng, pleading with a couple of armed burglars to leave Vine Street Police Station, after they had been arrested in flagranti delicto, breaking into the office of the Morning Post, and carrying off bales of newsprint for which it had paid. Imagine a demonstration of the \"London Burglars' Union\" outside No. 10 Downing Street while the Prime Minister was in residence, to demand the release of their colleagues and the surrender by the Morning Post of a quantity of paper to which they had no legal or moral claim. Imagine the Headquarters of the British Labour Party in London welcoming as heroes a couple of hooligans who had been caught breaking into private premises and removing private property, and could offer no justification except that they had done the same thing, without being punished, before. The administration of justice becomes farcical when lawbreakers become heroes, and the officials responsible for the maintenance of law and order, and the administration of justice, apologize even for arresting them. No international undertakings that the Chinese Government may offer, no administrative order that it may issue, and no Courts it may establish, can be of the slightest use when such things can happen. Treaties, laws, and judicial regulations simply become worthless scraps of paper. And what remains?\n\n\"Perpetual emptiness! Unceasing change!\nNo single volume paramount, no code,\nNo master spirit, no determined road;\nBut equally a want of books and men!\"\n\n## PEKING OFFICIAL'S STATEMENT\n\n[Reprinted from the North China Standard of July 6, 1929.]\n\nMr. Li Yu, director of the Joint Military and Police Office, for whose dismissal and punishment the anti-Japanese Boycott Association has been agitating, has issued a statement setting forth his side of the controversy with the Association arising from the seizure of 57 bundles of Japanese paper by the professional agitators. After characterizing the Association as an illegal organization and giving a summary of the circumstances leading up to the arrest of two pickets of the association on the morning of July 2nd, Mr. Li goes on to say:\n\nIt should be noted that the paper was bought in Tientsin by the Garrison Headquarters here and intended for the use of the Publicity Department of the Garrison. When it was shipped from Tientsin, the authorities there had examined it and issued a Huchao for its safe transportation. But when the shipment arrived at Chienmen station, it was seized by the anti-Japanese Association as \"enemy goods.\"\n\nActing on orders from our superiors, we repeatedly negotiated with the Association for its release, but its officers simply ignored us.\n\nIt should be further noted that this paper was bought after the Nanking National Government had formally ordered the dissolution of all anti-Japanese Associations in the country. The argument that we have violated the anti-Japanese movement therefore does not apply. What is more, the shipment was intended for the use of the Propaganda Department and not destined to any newspaper. The Min Yen Pao has a job printing department and has a contract from the Garrison Headquarters to print all its propaganda literature and posters.\n\nIt has become a long practice for the Garrison to store its paper supply with the paper. What justification does the Association have for its repeated attacks and raids on the offices of the Min Yen Pao?\n\nIt is a matter of record that the local authorities have received repeated orders from Nanking to close the Boycott Association and suppress the anti-Japanese movement. All the anti-Japanese slogans and posters which once filled the walls of the city have been removed by the authorities. Yet the Association continues to function in defiance of the orders of the Government and is carrying on the blackmailing and extortion game without fear. We are in duty bound to suppress its activities.\n\nIt is for intelligent public opinion to say whether the Association has the right to confiscate a shipment of paper bought after the official cancellation of the anti-Japanese boycott. We hereby set forth all the circumstances of the case and appeal for the impartial consideration of all the wise and virtuous men in the country.\n\n[Note: The Boycott Committee has since been permitted to \"seal up\" half the cargo of paper in the offices of the Min Yen Pao, and has decided to \"fine\" the paper $10,000 (£1,000) in addition to confiscating the consignment.]\n\nPage 12\nPage 19\n\n181, Victoria Road, \nTientsin. \nFor the Tientsin British Committee of Information. \nH. G. W. WOODHEAD, \n(Acting Chairman). \n\nPage 10\nPage 11", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-513-2 Problem of extra-territorial privileges in China and the abolition of extra-territoriality 15-8-1929 - 15-11-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 518048, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-514-5 Hong Kong Wireless Service 18-6-1928 - 30-9-1929", "page_number": 27, "title": "CO129-514-5 Hong Kong Wireless Service 18-6-1928 - 30-9-1929", "content_text": "## Confidential\n**DRAFT. TELEGRAM.**\n\n**Governor. Hong Kong.**\n\n2 drafts.\n\nMr. White. \nMr. Vernon \nMr Bottomley. \nMr. E. J. Harding. \nSir J. Shuckburgh. \nSir G. Grindle. \nSir C. Davis. \nSir S. Wilson. \n\n62762/1929. \nHong Kong. \n19. \n23/9 X. \n\nMr Ormsby Gore \nMr. W. Lunn. \nLord Lovat \nJake@mily \nMr. A. Ponsonby. \nLord Passfield. \n\nTelegraph Section \n(15) \n27 \nCoded sent 4pm 23.9.29 \n\n**Confidential.**\n\nYour telegram 16th August wireless service.\n\nImperial and International Communications Limited have insufficient information regarding the services (A) and (C) to enable them to deal adequately with the question but do not wish to exclude possibility of taking over all three services. They suggest that they should instruct representative to get \n\n**B.12 a.** \n122 \n\nCopy to Mr. Phillips, G.P.O. \nCopy to Gov.,L.F.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-514-5 Hong Kong Wireless Service 18-6-1928 - 30-9-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 518056, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-514-5 Hong Kong Wireless Service 18-6-1928 - 30-9-1929", "page_number": 35, "title": "CO129-514-5 Hong Kong Wireless Service 18-6-1928 - 30-9-1929", "content_text": "## \n| Name | \n| --- | \n| Mr. Caine 40/7 | \n| Mr. Just | \n| Mr. Veum 10/2 f.. | \n| Mr. Bottomley. | \n| Sir E. Harding. | \n| Sir J. Shuckburgh. | \n| Sir G. Grindle. | \n| Sir C. Davis. | \n| Sir S. Wilson. | \n| Mr. Ormsby-Gore. | \n| Lord Lovat. | \n| Mr. Amery. | \n\nツ \n`62762/29`. Hong Kong. \nAmod by 15 \nCoded sent \n11.34. \n\n**Confidential**. I have been approached by the Chairman of Imperial and International Communications Limited with suggestion that the Company should take over the Hong Kong wireless undertaking. The Company represent in particular that apart from the direct wireless service opened by the Reconstruction Council at Shanghai with the Hong Kong Post Office as from the 1st July, that this is a violation by them of the 1896 Agreement, and that the action of the Hong Kong Post Office in opening up such a competition to their wireless service appears to be contrary to the spirit of the recommendations of the recent Imperial...\n\n**DRAFT. TELEGRAM** \nTO GOVERNOR HONG KONG \n\n...Section 2 of Article 8 appears, on the part of China, to be...\n\nCopy to be sent to `Mr. Phillips`.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-514-5 Hong Kong Wireless Service 18-6-1928 - 30-9-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 521172, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-520-6 Railway development- Canton-Kowloon Railway 5-11-1929 - 5-11-1930", "page_number": 73, "title": "CO129-520-6 Railway development- Canton-Kowloon Railway 5-11-1929 - 5-11-1930", "content_text": "72\n\n膠\n\nKiaochow\n\nW\n\n鐵\n\nTsinan\n\n路\n\nRailway\n\n行車時刻表\n\nTIME TABLE\n\nSOLASKUYU 貯氯袋 SXMP 金传任各界之義務書記 重磁君最新發明之汽壓印字機可\n\nCHEERNSEECFESIC 機字印靈 老件 以跡 鍾刷 壓便 亦描 上清 盤局 印 推單 者所 汽可\n\n靈格 首用 印身 汽县 推油 字 壓宜 新機 機帶 ELLTO ED 字可汽刷 職替 壓而\n\n73\n\nMACAO Can now be reached \"Via RADIO FAST-DIRECT-ACCURATE\n\nCHINESE WORD 26 CENTS PER CODE OR FOREIGN PLAIN WORD\n\nCHINESE GOVERNMENT RADIO ADMINISTRATION Sassoon House, Jinkee Road 7A The Bund\n\nCATHAY HOTEL THE BUND, SHANGHAI, The most modern hotel in China. 214 Rooms and Suites each with private bath.\n\nAn international Hotel, welcoming both Chinese and foreign patronage.\n\nDÎNER DANSANT EVERY EVENING Mr. HENRY NATHAN'S Dance Orchestra Sizikova and Souvorin in exhibition dances\n\nTHE DANSANT every evening, Wednesdays, Saturdays, Sundays (Including tea $1.50). 5-7 p.m.\n\nMr. J. ULLSTEIN'S Concert Orchestra plays in the Ground Floor Lounge 11 a.m.-12.30 p.m. 4.30 p.m. 7.00 p.m. also in the Dining Room during luncheon. Telephone 11240 For reservation of tables ask for \"Front Office.\"\n\nE. CARRARD, Manager.\n\n行 READ DOWN FIL 車 由青島至 各站公里 DAILY TRAINS 二三事(各事) 13 11 11. t. I. II. III, (十三次)十一次 Mixed Mixed (車)(快車)(特快車) 岿 Mail Fast Express Tsingtae I. II. II. T. II. III. T. II. 1 三次 - Kilometers from 站 名 STATIONS 四次 二次 上 17 READ UP $11 車 DAILY TRAINS 處理經 館書印務商海上 司公車裕陂加盟 DARKER/T 司公耀先海上 司公靈保廣解 局書華中京南 ** 十二 十四次 鍞藝次審州杭 (特快車)(快車) 通車) (4) (二三等) 街大業榮路南津天 3 Night Night 4 Fast € 12 14 司公分漢口北 總發行所上四川路二一六號 漢藜公司 <$==8*3¢ ► Mail Mixed Express I. II. II. I. II. III. I. IL III. I. II. III. Mixed I. III. 15.00 7.10 10.45 21.30 0 d. 開靑 Tsingtao 到2 8.45 22.35 19.40 13.35 15.09 7.19 10.54 21,39 2.80 d. X 15.20 7.27 11.02 21.47 6.99 d. Tachiang Ssufang 開d. 8.40 22.30 19.35 13,29 + d. 8.32 22.22 19.26 13.19 15.41 7.45 11.20 22.04 17.38 d. m Tsangkou.. \"d. 8.15 22.05 19.08 13.00 15.57 8.02 11.34 Pass 16.18 8.11 11.44 22.24 25.70 d. 31.00 Nukukou.. d. 8.01 21.49 18.53 12.34 d.” 城 16.40 8.30 12.03 22.42 42.87 d. \"\" išj Chengyang.. 19 d. Nanchuan.... 7.52 21.40 18.44 12.26 \" d. 7.34 21.22 18.20 12.04 17.00 8.46 12.18 22.57 17.38 9.19 12.48 23.24 17.52 9.21 12.52 23.26 18,34 9.58 13.26 23.57 19.00 10.13 13.41 0.11 20.22 11.13 14.39 21.09 11.49 15.13 21.24 12.02 15.26 6.30 21.45 12.12 15.34 6.47 22.00 12.25 15.46 6,57 22.10 12.34 15.55 52.35 d. 籃 Lantsun......... \"d 7.19 21.07 18.11 11.34 a.到 ›. d. 6.53 20.38 17.39 10.57 73.10 d. Kiaochow. 到 a. 6.51 20.36 17.37 10,44 CHED a. 到 開 d. 6.18 98.87 1.02 140.57 d. W d. Kaomi... 到a. 6.04 19.46 16.44 20.00 16.58 10.00 9.40 Il Tsoshan..... 開d. 5.16 1.31 160.60 d. 1.44 1.52 169.83 Hamatun... d. 4.48 18.21 15.12 18.52 15.47 8.32 7.40 2.到 d. 開 ,, d. 4.33 18.06 14.55 7.22 坊 Fangtzu.. a. 4.25 17.58 14.44 6.59 22.16 a. 2.04 178.34 4.2+0G Erhshihlipu..... 2.13 d. 4.13 17.46 14.32 6.44 22.01 7.07 12.36 15.57 7.59 13.15 16.33 d. 開 2.15 183.59 2.47 207.49 d. 濰 Weihsien , d. 4.03 17.36 14.22 6,30 21.47 B] 1. 4.01 17.34 14.20 21.36 Changlo... 開d. 3.31 17.01 13,44 20.52 8.28 13.42 16.59 3.10 222.62 d. Tanchiafangtzu. d. 3.09 16.34 13.16 20.11 9.02 14.09 17.23 3.34 a. 9.18 14.12 17.25 3.35 240.38 d. 開 靑 d. HTsingchow... 2.44 16.08 12.50 19.41 a. 2.42 16.06 12.48 13 CENTS PER 19.31 10.00 14.48 17.54 10.38 15.24 18.26 4.04 261.54 4.30 d. Hsintien.... a.到 11.00 15.39 18.41 11.37 16.07 19.09 4.45 283.65 5.10 張 d. Changtien.... • d. 開d. 2.13 15.37 12.13 1.44 18.48 15.02 11.37 18.00 到 a. 1.29 14.48 11,20 17.36 11.46 16.09 19.11 5.12 301.79 12.22 13.02 16.54 19.58 #Choutsun 16.32 19.35 pass 316.51 d. »A B✯ Talinchih. 5.54 330.65 d. 3. d. 開 開d. 1.07 到a. 1.05 14.23 10.55 17.06 14.21 10.53 16.56 開d. 0.47 14.03 10.35 16.34 Puchi..... *, 0.28 13.41 10.13 13.39 17.19 20.23 6.17 348.76 d. 16.04 Tsaoyuanchuang ❞ d. 0.03 13.13 9.44 14.55 18.13 21.17 15.10 7.02 387.30 d... Huangtai... \"d. 23.13 12.14 8.44 15.04 18.20 21.25 13.49 7.10 390.51 15.10 18.25 21.30 7.15 393,24 d. at a. 到洲 Feikuan........ d. 23.06 12.06 8.36 13.38 Tsinan >> d. 23.00 12.00 8.30 13.30", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-520-6 Railway development- Canton-Kowloon Railway 5-11-1929 - 5-11-1930.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 523399, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-522-3 Social hygiene- including trafficking in women & children- brothels- etc. 27-2-1930 - 13-4-1931", "page_number": 40, "title": "CO129-522-3 Social hygiene- including trafficking in women & children- brothels- etc. 27-2-1930 - 13-4-1931", "content_text": "C. O.\n\n15. Calder.\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\nEllis\n\nC. Bottomley.\n\nSir J. Shuckburgh.\n\nSir G. Grindle.\n\nPermt. U.S. of S.\n\nParly. U.S. of S.\n\nSecretary of State.\n\n29.10.30\n\n727557, M.K.\n\n30\n\n40\n\nCoded Lent 1.0. P.M. 29th\n\n19.\n\n29/4/1\n\nDRAFT. Yeley,\n\nGov.\n\nH. Kony\n\n98\n\nIn view of representations in\n\nyour despatch of 22nd August\n\nconfidential (2) I agree\n\nthank\n\nsteps to alter\n\nMr. Chaum to\n\nPrefers to X. Drummond\n\npresent system should be\n\ntaken\n\nuntil International\n\nShiels to see on his return\n\nCommission has reported\n\non it\n\nPage 40\n\nPage 41\n\nPage 40\nPage 41\n\n should be removed and the two lines be kept as is, to: \nC. O.\n\n15. Calder.\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\nEllis\n\nC. Bottomley.\n\nSir J. Shuckburgh.\n\nSir G. Grindle.\n\nPermt. U.S. of S.\n\nParly. U.S. of S.\n\nSecretary of State.\n\n29.10.30\n\n727557, M.K.\n\n30\n\n40\n\nCoded Lent 1.0. P.M. 29th\n\n19.\n\n29/4/1\n\nDRAFT. Yeley,\n\nGov.\n\nH. Kony\n\n98\n\nIn view of representations in\n\nyour despatch of 22nd August\n\nconfidential (2) I agree\n\nthank\n\nsteps to alter\n\nMr. Chaum to\n\nPrefers to X. Drummond\n\npresent system should be\n\ntaken\n\nuntil International\n\nShiels to see on his return\n\nCommission has reported\n\non it\n\nPage 40\n\nPage 41\n\nThe final answer is: \nC. O.\n\n15. Calder.\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\nEllis\n\nC. Bottomley.\n\nSir J. Shuckburgh.\n\nSir G. Grindle.\n\nPermt. U.S. of S.\n\nParly. U.S. of S.\n\nSecretary of State.\n\n29.10.30\n\n727557, M.K.\n\n30\n\n40\n\nCoded Lent 1.0. P.M. 29th\n\n19.\n\n29/4/1\n\nDRAFT. Yeley,\n\nGov.\n\nH. Kony\n\n98\n\nIn view of representations in\n\nyour despatch of 22nd August\n\nconfidential (2) I agree\n\nthank\n\nsteps to alter\n\nMr. Chaum to\n\nPrefers to X. Drummond\n\npresent system should be\n\ntaken\n\nuntil International\n\nShiels to see on his return\n\nCommission has reported\n\non it\n\nPage 40\n\nPage 41", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-522-3 Social hygiene- including trafficking in women & children- brothels- etc. 27-2-1930 - 13-4-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 525059, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-525-13 Transfer of Government wireless services to imperial and international communications Ltd- competition from Hong Kong... 22-10-1930 - 19-12-1930", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-525-13 Transfer of Government wireless services to imperial and international communications Ltd- competition from Hong Kong... 22-10-1930 - 19-12-1930", "content_text": "C. O.\n\nMr. Miles\n\nMr. Calder\n\nSir C. Bottomley.\n\nSir J. Shuckburgh.\n\nSir G. Grindle.\n\nPermt. U.S of S.\n\nParly. U.S of S.\n\nSecretary of State.\n\nDRAFT. Gve tel\n\n72878/1/1530\n\n7/11 7.11 atom\n\nAlso\n\nNo 105.\n\ncoded & sent\n\n810pm\n\n2:11:30 JHW\n\nConfidential pour\n\n3\n\nConfidential telegram to\n\n12\n\nNo protest Go2 H.K.\n\n787730\n\n19th July Imperial\n\nInternational Communication\n\nTo be informed\n\nWireless is\n\nSend\n\nGrieve\n\nPhillips for my\n\nExquestion, enclosing Copy of this, make extra copy for D.O.\n\nCopy Mr.\n\nGreve\n\nMr Phillips\n\n&\n\nMr. Westerman\n\ntuck Hong Kong actively canvassing for Greek Britain traffic directed through Hong Kong\n\nMalabar Radio in the Dutch East Indies, thence by Dutch Government wireless through Holland to this country. Company\n\nGoes on to say this service should be suspended on grounds that they do not have Export Control and facilitate in various ways.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-525-13 Transfer of Government wireless services to imperial and international communications Ltd- competition from Hong Kong... 22-10-1930 - 19-12-1930.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528391, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933", "page_number": 43, "title": "CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933", "content_text": "## CHAPTER VI.\n\n## RECOMMENDATION FOR AN UP-TO-DATE, PUBLIC HEALTH ORGANISATION IN HONG KONG.\n\nIn judging the needs of a Colony in the matter of a Public Health Service, one should look upon such a service as an insurance against sickness and death. Provided Hong Kong is willing to adopt a modern scheme, she can have just as much insurance as she is willing to pay for. But she cannot attain the rank achieved by Panama or such cities as Shanghai and Toronto unless she changes her system and provides a staff adequate in numbers and qualifications.\n\nAll leading modern authorities are agreed that the fundamentals of Public Health Organisation should be the same all the world over, viz.: a division of effort so that there may be one branch for investigation, one for prevention, and one for cure, each under its own head and the whole under one co-ordinator, a fully qualified Medical man who has had experience with all three branches.\n\nSystems in accordance with the above have been established in Canada, New Zealand, Australia, Kenya, West Africa, the Federated Malay States, the Dutch Indies, the French Colonies, the Philippines, Macao, Shanghai International Settlement, and Panama, where they have proved successful. The health system of Canton is modelled on these lines, and so are those of Nanking, Peking, and Greater Shanghai.\n\nIt of course stands to reason that the best scheme of organisation will certainly fail if the staff provided be insufficient in quantity or in quality. For some time, the Colony has not had a satisfactory Medical Service, and one of the principal reasons has been the dearth of suitable recruits. The Federated Malay States was once in the same plight, and it remained so until the conditions were bettered; the same applies to Kenya. Good men will not accept service in Hong Kong when the conditions offered in Malaya, in Kenya, and in the West African Colonies are more attractive. Until the status, the authority, the pay, the allowances, the liberty as regards private practice, the leave, the organisation, and the chances of promotion are brought up to the level of those colonies, Hong Kong cannot expect to compete with them in the matter of attracting recruits, and the chances of building up and maintaining a modern public health system are practically nil.\n\nHong Kong can have a satisfactory senior European service at the market price; she can have a Chinese service also at the market price, but a satisfactory mixed Senior Service is impossible. The Indian Medical Service, for commissions in which there was once such competition, now attracts few recruits of pure European descent, and the same would happen here.\n\nBut Hong Kong can never hope to recruit satisfactory Medical Officers of Health while the chief administrative post for sanitation and the prevention of disease is reserved for a Cadet. Neither can she hope to recruit suitable Officers for the Medical side when there are no senior billets in surgery, medicine, and midwifery, and what prize posts there are are reserved for University Professors who are not members of the Government Service. It must be evident that no one of any ambition would join if he were aware of the limitations imposed on the service.\n\nProvided there be the right staff, the right conditions, and the right laws, the sanitation of the Colony can be dealt with in much the same way as has proved successful in other cities where Chinese are gathered together. In spite of all that has been said to the contrary, there is no difficulty in getting the Chinese to comply with reasonable and just laws of health if the matter is explained in a way they can understand, and experience in many places has proved that it is not necessary for the sanitarian himself to be a Chinese scholar in order to get such an understanding. A knowledge of Chinese is of course a help, but a training in Sanitary Science is essential.\n\nExperience in the Dutch East Indies, in Malaya, in French Indo-China, in Macao, and the Philippines has shown that the Chinese have no objection to reasonable laws when they understand them, even though these laws be administered by a non-Chinese speaking foreigner. Chinese of standing in Hong Kong admit freely that it is the fear of squeeze and disturbance of family life which makes the coolie class dubious concerning health laws, and if their minds can be put at ease on these points, there will be little difficulty.\n\nFor over fifty years, Hong Kong has been legislating for improving its sanitary condition in the hope that such would bring it up to the standard of other first-class cities in the civilised world. It is clear that it is still a long way from the desired goal.\n\nTwenty-two years ago, the Government saw the key to success in the appointment of a cadet to organise and direct the measures for sanitation and control of infectious disease. In deciding on the policy of placing a layman in charge of a highly technical science, it progressed in the opposite direction to that deemed prudent by the rest of the world. Twenty-two years has the system been tried, and the sanitation to-day is the result.\n\nIn an endeavour to explain the want of success, the blame has been placed on the Chinese. It is said this and that cannot be done in the manner it is done elsewhere because Hong Kong is China, and no one who has not spent years in studying the Chinese language is competent to understand the situation. If that be the case, Hong Kong must continue to have her sanitary destiny decided by English laymen who are Chinese scholars and remain where she is in the matter of Public Health.\n\nBut the Shanghai International Settlement, with an area of 8 square miles and a population of a million, of which nine-tenths are Chinese, is in far closer proximity to Chinese territory than is Hong Kong, and in a far more difficult position with regard to the making of laws and facilities for carrying out health regulations.\n\nIn the words of Dr. Noel Davis, the Commissioner of Public Health of Shanghai, \"For the last thirty years, attempts have been made to institute a code of comprehensive legislation on Public Health, but without success on account of the difficulties arising out of the complex political situation.\" \"The Public Health laws are inadequate and out of date.\" \"The maintenance of Public Health in the International Settlement depends largely on mutual arrangements between the Health Department and the Medical Practitioners, and on the education and co-operation of the people.\"\n\nIn spite of all the difficulties of the situation, the Commissioners of Public Health, British Medical men with no pretence of being Chinese scholars, have built up during the last 33 years a Public Health Organisation which has gained universal approbation for its efficiency.\n\nFor 33 years, this department has carried on on up-to-date principles, and far from receiving opposition from the Chinese, it has, through education and example, gained their co-operation.\n\nDr. Rajchman, Director of the Health Section of the League of Nations, said in his recent report, \"The Health Commissioner and his predecessors have built up a department in all respects equal to the health department of an average provincial town in England.\" \"The sanitary work of the health department has been particularly noteworthy in respect of markets, which it has constructed and organised, slaughter-houses, and dairies.\"\n\nSurely what Shanghai has accomplished, Hong Kong can accomplish if there be the will.\n\nProof that this system is applicable to China is the fact that the Chinese Government have already adopted it with success in Greater Shanghai, Nanking, Peking, and Canton, where there are, as Public Health Commissioners, Chinese Medical men who have been trained in scientific medicine. The Minister of Health and the Vice-Minister are both graduates in Western Medicine.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528397, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933", "page_number": 49, "title": "CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933", "content_text": "## D. THE PUBLIC HEALTH ORGANISATION OF CANTON\n\nIn the 1928 Annual Report of the League of Nations Health Organisation, Eastern Bureau, Singapore, one finds the following: \"An important step towards the Sanitary re-organisation of the Chinese Republic has been the establishment in Nanking by the Nationalist Government of a Bureau of Public Health, attached to the Ministry of the Interior. During the latter part of the year a Ministry of Health was formed with His Excellency Hsueh Tu-pi as its Head and Dr. J. Heng Liu (the former Medical Superintendent of the Peking Union Medical College Hospital) as Vice-Minister, a proof that the technical aspect of the problem of centralising health activities in China has not been under-estimated.\"\n\nAn International Advisory Council consisting of Sir George Newman, Chief Medical Officer, Ministry of Health, London; Dr. Victor Heiser, travelling Director, Rockefeller Foundation; and Dr. Rajchman, Director of the Public Health Section of the League of Nations, has been appointed.\n\nCanton is a Municipality with a President and a Council of Commissioners, one of whom is the Commissioner of Public Health. The Commissioners are appointed by the Central Government on the recommendation of Local Authorities.\n\nThe Law relating to Public Health, the Sanitary Regulations, is a very comprehensive one. It contains 36 chapters and 122 sections. It deals with the constitution of a Health Bureau—its jurisdiction, its functions, its sections, and its staff.\n\nThe Health Organisation consists of a Health Bureau with three divisions:\n| Division | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| I. | The Preservation of the Health Department. |\n| II. | The Infectious Disease Prevention Department. |\n| III. | The Medical Department. |\n\nThe Health Staff includes:\n- The Commissioner\n- The Secretary\n- The three Sectional Heads\n- A number of Sectional Secretaries\n- A number of Inspectors\n\nSection 8 states: \"The Commissioner of the Bureau shall supervise the management of the Bureau, the Secretary shall take charge of all important matters, and the Sectional Heads shall take charge in their respective sections, all under the direction of the Commissioner.\"\n\nSection 7 states: \"The Commissioner of the Health Bureau, the Secretary, the Sectional Heads, the Sectional Secretaries (with the exception of the Sectional Secretary for the Accounts Office), and the Sectional Assistants shall either be graduates from a Medical University, or a Technical College, or a Public Health College. The posts of Sectional Assistants which have not much to do with Medicine and Public Health may be filled by one or two non-technical men in each section.\"\n\nSection 10 states: \"The Health Bureau shall be provided with a Health Council which shall be constituted of a number of well-known Chinese and European Doctors and Experts in Civil matters in connection with Health—to be appointed by the Mayor on the recommendation of the Commissioner.\"\n\nSection 11 states: \"In the interests of the work of the Bureau, the Commissioner shall convene once a week a meeting of all Sectional Secretaries and all above them in rank to consider all matters of the Bureau, and once a month a meeting of all Sectional Secretaries and all Officers above them and the Heads of all Hospitals and other Institutions to discuss the development of the Bureau.\"\n\nSection 3 gives the duties of the three Departments. The Health Preservation Department is responsible for all Health questions pertaining to:\n1. Food, Drugs, and Water.\n2. Municipal Sanitation, including sanitation of streets and sewers, latrines, domestic houses, boarding houses, barbers' shops, laundries, bathing saloons, markets, abattoirs, factories, and public gardens.\n\nThe Department for the Prevention of Infectious Disease is concerned with:\n1. The investigation and prevention of Infectious Disease.\n2. The management of the Hospital for Leprosy and other diseases.\n3. The isolation of Infectious cases.\n4. Precautions against Plague.\n5. The removal of Corpses to Mortuaries.\n6. The examination of prostitutes.\n\nThe Medical Department has charge of the following:\n1. Registration of Doctors, Dentists, Chinese Medical Practitioners, Midwives, Apothecaries, and Dispensers.\n2. The Registration of Births, Marriages, and Deaths.\n3. Medical statistics—apart from those of infectious diseases.\n4. Restrictions on private Hospitals and Dispensaries.\n5. The management of \"Poor Old Men's Homes\".\n6. Blind Asylum and Foundling Institution.\n7. Medical treatment and prescriptions.\n8. School Hygiene and Propaganda.\n\nWith regard to infectious disease, there is:\n1. Compulsory notification.\n2. Power to remove any patient to the isolation hospital.\n3. Provision for the disinfection of corpses and the coffining of the same and burial.\n4. Provision for disinfection and destruction of property.\n5. Provision for prohibition of assemblies.\n\n\"When any infectious disease is prevalent in any place outside the City, the Health Bureau have power to enforce at any time the regulations for the examination of infectious disease on board vessels and trains.\" There are special regulations for these duties.\n\nWith regard to Port Health Work, the regulations provide for:\n1. Quarantine station and anchorage—one at Canton and one at Whampoa.\n2. Four Port Health Medical Practitioners.\n3. Powers and duties of staff.\n\nSection 9 states: \"The Bureau shall be provided with the following sections:\n1. Health Examination Bureau.\n2. Port Medical Examination.\n3. Municipal Hospitals.\n4. Free Dispensaries.\n5. Lunatic Asylums.\n6. Foundling Institutions.\n7. Infectious Hospitals.\n8. Nursing Homes.\n9. Prostitutes Examination Bureau.\n10. Leprosy Hospitals.\n11. Old Men's Homes.\n12. Blind Asylums.\n\nThe Canton Sanitary Regulations provide for a complete Health Department under the direction of one Medical Head responsible to the Municipal Council for all matters connected with the Public Health. Containing 36 Chapters and 122 Sections, this Code may be described as both clear and complete and up-to-date.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529331, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "page_number": 56, "title": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "content_text": "## C. O.\n## C. D.\nR 1 \n`Mr. Jampson/121/3` \nsasa y m \nMr. Calder, 1.30 \nNo so \n50 \nMr. \nConf. \nMr. Parkinson. \nMr. Tomlinson. \nSir C. Bottomley. \nSir J. Shuckburgh. \n**Permt. U.S of S.** \n**Parly. U.S. of S.** \n**Secretary of State** \nbooked thent \n2 km \n21/3/32 \nAD. \n`62765/31` \n55 \n70 \n\n[161] My conf. despatch 17th February \nPlease furnish by despatch \n+8c \nSuggestions of Imperial \non \nparagraph \n6 \nand International \nDRAFT. tel (code) Communications letter \nHong Kong You \nwithout priority \n+ \n5th February enclosed the newritin \n1", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529337, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "page_number": 62, "title": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "content_text": "## ARTICLE 23.\n\nUpon any such taking over and purchase and at all times thereafter the Company shall on demand execute and do all such assurances and things as may be reasonably required by the Government for assuring and vesting its undertaking in the Government or as it shall direct.\n\nThe undertaking so taken over as aforesaid shall as soon as reasonably possible be paid for by the Government in accordance with the then condition and value thereof and any dispute or difference between the parties as to the amount so to be paid shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.\n\nUpon any such taking over the Government shall not be compelled to purchase any plant, apparatus, machinery or any other property whatsoever of the Company which is then obsolete or unserviceable.\n\nUpon any such taking over nothing shall be paid for or allowed in respect of the goodwill of the Company's undertaking or for any loss of estimated profit resultant on such taking over, or for any profits whatever except up to and including the date of such taking over.\n\nThe Government shall pay to the Company interest at the rate of eight per cent per annum upon the amount of the purchase money from the date of taking over until the date of payment.\n\n## ARTICLE 24.\n\nAll notices or other communications intended for the Government shall be addressed to the Colonial Secretary, Hong Kong and all notices or other communications intended for the Company shall be addressed to the Imperial and International Communications Limited at their office in Hong Kong.\n\n## ARTICLE 25.\n\nAny claim, dispute, difference, doubt or question which may arise touching the carrying out or construction of any of the provisions of this Agreement or as to any matter in any way connected with or arising out of this Agreement or the operation thereof or the obligations, rights, duties or liabilities of the Government or the Company or of any person in connection with or arising out of the same shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of the Code Civil Procedure (Hong Kong Ordinance No. 3 of 1901) in the same way as if all the parties concerned had entered into a written Agreement with one another to submit the claim, dispute, difference, doubt or question to the arbitration of two arbitrators.\n\n## ARTICLE 26.\n\nThe establishment, maintenance or having in possession by the Company of any wireless telegraph (or telegraphy) station in the Colony is subject to the prerogative and other rights of the Crown and to the law relating to wireless telegraphy, in particular to the provisions of section 4 of the Wireless Telegraphy Ordinance, 1926, which require the grant of a licence under the said Ordinance. This Agreement shall be cancelled if a licence in terms the same, mutatis mutandis, as those in the licence of the Post Master General contained in the Licence and Agreement referred to in Article 4 shall not be obtainable by the Company.\n\n63 \n6- \n64 \n7 -\n\nIn witness whereof the said Sir WILLIAM PEEL, has hereunto set his hand and the Company has hereunto affixed its seal the day and year first before written.\n\nSigned by His Excellency \nSir WILLIAM PEEL, K.B.E., C.M.G., \nin the presence of \n\nSealed with the common seal of Imperial and International Communications Limited and signed by \nin the presence of", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529356, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "page_number": 81, "title": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "content_text": "82765/31\n\nHong Kong.\n\nC. O.\n\nMr. Cade 19/12.\n\nMr. Rauson 30/12 Varfacdon\n\nMr. Veram 31-12-31\n\nMr. Tomlinson. Cowell\n\nSir C. Bottomley.\n\nSir J. Shuckburgh.\n\nSir G. Grindle.\n\nPermt. U.S. of S.\n\nParly. U.S. of S.\n\nSecretary of State.\n\n**DRAFT**\n\nGeneral Manager (Communications), Imperial and International Communications Ltd.\n\nboty Gov(6)\n\n21-32\n\n83\n\n7 JAN 19\n\n3.D. JAN\n\nDecember 1981\n\nI am directed to refer to the letter from this Department of the 10th September, (41) as above, regarding the draft titles of agreement providing for the transfer of the wireless telegraph service of the Hong Kong Government to your company.\n\nAnd to inform you that the Government has now furnished the following observations on your letter F.M.(C) of the 22nd September on this subject:\n\n2. Article 1. It is agreed that this Article should be amended to give the company the right, not the exclusive right, to carry on radio telephonic communication with ships at sea, subject to the conditions set out in the letter from this Department of the 10th September, Past. \n\n3.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529362, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "page_number": 87, "title": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "content_text": "# Notes on the meeting held in Mr. Vernon's room at 11 a.m. on Wednesday 23rd December 1931.\n\n## Present\n| Name | Organization/Position |\n| --- | --- |\n| Mr. P.W. Phillips | General Post Office |\n| Mr. Vernon | |\n| Mr. Calder | |\n| Mr. Cade | |\n\nMr. Phillips was called by appointment to discuss the points raised by Imperial and International Communications Limited in their letter of 10th December, of which he had been informed unofficially.\n\nMr. Vernon read over his letter to Major Munro of the 7th December and the reply of 10th December.\n\nMr. Phillips said that the General Post Office would take the view that it would be unfair to expect the Company, in their present financial position, to take over a host of small and unremunerative services which could not be said to be strictly necessary, especially as the tendency of the company is to charge the same rates for communication by cable or W/T. He explained that the difference between the two services is mainly that with cables the longer the distance the greater the cost of upkeep so that cables are more remunerative over short distances and W/T over the long routes. It could not therefore be considered economic to require the Company to take over new W/T stations in addition to cables on these short routes and expect them to keep both going.\n\nIt was agreed that a copy of the letter from Major Munro should be sent officially to the General Post Office in order that their views in the matter might be placed on record.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529412, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "page_number": 137, "title": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "content_text": "## ARTICLE 23.\n\nUpon any such taking over and purchase and at all times thereafter the Company shall on demand execute and do all such assurances and things as may be reasonably required by the Government for assuring and vesting its undertaking in the Government or as it shall direct.\n\nThe undertaking so taken over as aforesaid shall as soon as reasonably possible be paid for by the Government in accordance with the then condition and value thereof and any dispute or difference between the parties as to the amount so to be paid shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.\n\nUpon any such taking over the Government shall not be compelled to purchase any plant, apparatus, machinery or any other property whatsoever of the Company which is then obsolete or unserviceable.\n\nUpon any such taking over nothing shall be paid for or allowed in respect of the goodwill of the Company's undertaking or for any loss of estimated profit resultant on such taking over, or for any profits whatever except up to and including the date of such taking over.\n\nThe Government shall pay to the Company, interest at the rate of eight per cent per annum upon the amount of the purchase money from the date of taking over until the date of payment.\n\nIn witness whereof the said Sir WILLIAM PEEL, has hereunto set his hand and the Company has hereunto affixed its seal the day and year first before written.\n\nSigned by His Excellency Sir WILLIAM PEEL, K.B.E., C.M.G., in the presence of \n\nSealed with the common seal of Imperial and International Communications Limited and signed by in the presence of \n\n## ARTICLE 24.\n\nAll notices or other communications intended for the Government shall be addressed to the Colonial Secretary Hong Kong and all notices or other communications intended for the Company shall be addressed to the Imperial and International Communications Limited at their office in Hong Kong.\n\n## ARTICLE 25.\n\nAny claim, dispute, difference doubt or question which may arise touching the carrying out or construction of any of the provisions of this Agreement or as to any matter in any way connected with or arising out of this Agreement or the operation thereof or the obligations, rights, duties or liabilities of the Government or the Company or of any person in connection with or arising out of the same shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure (Hong Kong Ordinance No. 3 of 1901) in the same way as if all the parties concerned had entered into a written Agreement with one another to submit the claim, dispute, difference, doubt or question to the arbitration of two arbitrators.\n\n## ARTICLE 26.\n\nThe establishment, maintenance or having in possession by the Company of any wireless telegraph (or telegraphy) station in the Colony is subject to the prerogative and other rights of the Crown and to the law relating to wireless telegraphy in particular to the provisions of section 4 of the Wireless Telegraphy Ordinance, 1926, which require the grant of a licence under the said Ordinance. This Agreement shall be cancelled if a licence in terms the same, mutatis mutandis, as those in the licence of the Post Master General contained in the Licence and Agreement referred to in Article 4 shall not be obtainable by the Company.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529433, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "page_number": 158, "title": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "content_text": "## DRAFT\n\nG.P.O.\n14 July 1931\n\nDear Phillips,\n\nWith reference to our telephone conversation this morning about the transfer of the Hong Kong W/T station, I enclose a copy of the letter we have received from Imperial and International Communications Ltd., which you may peruse before discussing the matter with Vernon and others on Thursday next as arranged.\n\nYours sincerely,\nG.R.C. Cade\n\nFr. Ja 9. C. Ltd 23-7-31 (25)\n\n2 stuffs. recive urgently to me.\n\n82765/01 \n\nc.o. \nMr. Cade 28/7 \nMr. Tomlinson. \nSir C. Bottomley. \nSir J. Shuckburgh. \nSir G. Grindle. \nPermt. U.S. of S. \nParly. U.S. of S. \nSecretary of State.\n\n20/7 fr. \nJenerar Quarts for my signature. 28th \n29 \n162 \n\n7.W. Phillips Eng.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529434, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "page_number": 159, "title": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "content_text": "## C. O.\n\nMr. Cade 28/7 fo\n\nMr.\nMr.\n\nIr. Tomlinson.\nSir C. Bottomley.\nSir J. Shuckburgh.\nSir G. Grindle.\nPermt. U.S. of S.\nParly. U.S. of S.\nSecretary of State.\n\n**DRAFT**\n\nL.H. King, Eng.\nNorfolk Hotel Sarrey Street\nStrand.\n\nFr. In 2.C. ht! 23.7.31\n2 dofts.\nrecive urgently\n(25)\n\n`82765/31`\nJenerar\nQuarts for my sig.\n\nDear The King,\n\n28\n163\n28th July 1931\n\nVeron has asked me to ack\nthe receipt of your letter to him of the\n25th\n\n- Jury\n\nand to enclose a copy of\na letter which we have received from\nImperial\nand\nInternational\nCommunications Ltd. about the\ntransfer of the Hong Kong W/T\nstation.\n\nHe would like to discuss the\npoints raised by the company\nwith\nJoe and Phillips of the P. P. O. on\nThursday morning (29th July) at\n11%.\n\nIf this is not convenient", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529473, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "page_number": 198, "title": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "content_text": "## ARTICLE 23.\n\nUpon any such taking over and purchase and at all times thereafter the Company shall on demand execute and do all such assurances and things as may be reasonably required by the Government for assuring and vesting its undertaking in the Government or as it shall direct.\n\nThe undertaking so taken over as aforesaid shall as soon as reasonably possible be paid for by the Government in accordance with the then condition and value thereof and any dispute or difference between the parties as to the amount so to be paid shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.\n\nUpon any such taking over the Government shall not be compelled to purchase any plant, apparatus, machinery or any other property whatsoever of the Company which is then obsolete or unserviceable.\n\nUpon any such taking over nothing shall be paid for or allowed in respect of the goodwill of the Company's undertaking or for any loss of estimated profit resultant on such taking over, or for any profits whatever except up to and including the date of such taking over.\n\nThe Government shall pay to the Company interest at the rate of eight per cent per annum upon the amount of the purchase money from the date of taking over until the date of payment.\n\n## \n\nIn witness whereof the said Sir WILLIAM PEEL, has hereunto set his hand and the Company has hereunto affixed its seal the day and year first before written.\n\nSigned by His Excellency Sir WILLIAM PEEL, K.B.E., C.M.G., in the presence of:\n\nSealed with the common seal of Imperial and International Communications Limited and signed by in the presence of:\n\n## ARTICLE 24.\n\nAll notices or other communications intended for the Government shall be addressed to the Colonial Secretary Hong Kong and all notices or other communications intended for the Company shall be addressed to the Imperial and International Communications Limited at their office in Hong Kong.\n\n## ARTICLE 25.\n\nAny claim, dispute, difference, doubt or question which may arise touching the carrying out or construction of any of the provisions of this Agreement or as to any matter in any way connected with or arising out of this Agreement or the operation thereof or the obligations, rights, duties or liabilities of the Government or the Company or of any person in connection with or arising out of the same shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure (Hong Kong Ordinance No. 3 of 1901) in the same way as if all the parties concerned had entered into a written Agreement with one another to submit the claim, dispute, difference, doubt or question to the arbitration of two arbitrators.\n\n## ARTICLE 26.\n\n**OR WHETHER OR NOT THIS AGREEMENT IS IN FORCE**\n\nThe establishment, maintenance or having in possession by the Company of any wireless telegraph (or telegraphy) station in the Colony is subject to the prerogative and other rights of the Crown and to the law relating to wireless telegraphy in particular to the provisions of section 4 of the Wireless Telegraphy Ordinance, 1926, which require the grant of a licence under the said Ordinance. This Agreement shall be cancelled if a licence in terms the same, mutatis mutandis, as those in the licence of the Post Master General contained in the Licence and Agreement referred to in Article 4 shall not be obtainable by the Company.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529506, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "page_number": 231, "title": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "content_text": "237 \n\nUpon any such taking over nothing shall be paid for or allowed in respect of the goodwill of the Company's undertaking or for any loss of estimated profit resultant on such taking over, or for any profits whatsoever except up to and including the date of such taking over.\n\nThe Government shall pay to the Company, interest at the rate of eight per cent per annum upon the amount of the purchase money from the date of taking over until the date of payment.\n\n## ARTICLE 24.\n\nAll notices or other communications intended for the Government shall be addressed to the Colonial Secretary, Hong Kong and all notices or other communications intended for the Company shall be addressed to the Imperial and International Communications Limited at their office in Hong Kong.\n\n## ARTICLE 25.\n\nAny claim, dispute, difference, doubt or question which may arise touching the carrying out or construction of any of the provisions of this Agreement or as to any matter in any way connected with or arising out of this agreement or the operation thereof or the obligations, rights, duties or liabilities of the Government or the Company or of any person in connection with or arising out of the same or whether or not this agreement is in force shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure (Hong Kong Ordinance No. 3 of 1901) in the same way as if all the parties concerned had entered into a written Agreement with one another to submit the claim, dispute, difference, doubt or question to the arbitration of two arbitrators.\n\n-13-", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529516, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "page_number": 241, "title": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "content_text": "## ARTICLE 23.\n\nUpon any such taking over and purchase and at all times thereafter the Company shall on demand execute and do all such assurances and things as may be reasonably required by the Government for assuring and vesting its undertaking in the Government or as it shall direct.\n\nThe undertaking so taken over as aforesaid shall as soon as reasonably possible be paid for by the Government in accordance with the then condition and value thereof and any dispute or difference between the parties as to the amount so to be paid shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.\n\nUpon any such taking over the Government shall not be compelled to purchase any plant, apparatus, machinery or any other property whatsoever of the Company which is then obsolete or unserviceable.\n\nUpon any such taking over nothing shall be paid for or allowed in respect of the goodwill of the Company's undertaking or for any loss of estimated profit resultant on such taking over, or for any profits whatever except up to and including the date of such taking over.\n\nThe Government shall pay to the Company, interest at the rate of eight per cent per annum upon the amount of the purchase money from the date of taking over until the date of payment.\n\n- 7 -\n\nIn witness whereof the said Sir WILLIAM PEEL, has hereunto set his hand and the Company has hereunto affixed its seal the day and year first before written.\n\nSigned by His Excellency \nSir WILLIAM PEEL, K.B.E., C.M.G., \nin the presence of \n\nSealed with the common seal of Imperial \nand International Communications Limited \nand signed by \nin the presence of \n\n## ARTICLE 24.\n\nAll notices or other communications intended for the Government shall be addressed to the Colonial Secretary Hong Kong and all notices or other communications intended for the Company shall be addressed to the Imperial and International Communications Limited at their office in Hong Kong.\n\n## ARTICLE 25.\n\nAny claim, dispute, difference doubt or question which may arise touching the carrying out or construction of any of the provisions of this Agreement or as to any matter in any way connected with or arising out of this Agreement or the operation thereof or the obligations, rights, duties or liabilities of the Government or the Company or of any person in connection with or arising out of the same shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure (Hong Kong Ordinance No. 3 of 1901) in the same way as if all the parties concerned had entered into a written Agreement with one another to submit the claim, dispute, difference, doubt or question to the arbitration of two arbitrators.\n\n## ARTICLE 26.\n\nThe establishment, maintenance or having in possession by the Company of any wireless telegraph (or telegraphy) station in the Colony is subject to the prerogative and other rights of the Crown and to the law relating to wireless telegraphy in particular to the provisions of section 4 of the Wireless Telegraphy Ordinance, 1926, which require the grant of a licence under the said Ordinance. This Agreement shall be cancelled if a licence in terms the same, mutatis mutandis as those in the licence of the Post Master General contained in the Licence and Agreement referred to in Article 4 shall not be obtainable by the Company,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529521, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "page_number": 246, "title": "CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932", "content_text": "## ARTICLE 23.\n\nUpon any such taking over and purchase and at all times thereafter the Company shall on demand execute and do all such assurances and things as may be reasonably required by the Government for assuring and vesting its undertaking in the Government or as it shall direct.\n\nThe undertaking so taken over as aforesaid shall as soon as reasonably possible be paid for by the Government in accordance with the then condition and value thereof and any dispute or difference between the parties as to the amount so to be paid shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.\n\nUpon any such taking over the Government shall not be compelled to purchase any plant, apparatus, machinery or any other property whatsoever of the Company which is then obsolete or unserviceable.\n\nUpon any such taking over nothing shall be paid for or allowed in respect of the goodwill of the Company's undertaking or for any loss of estimated profit resultant on such taking over, or for any profits whatever except up to and including the date of such taking over.\n\nThe Government shall pay to the Company, interest at the rate of eight per cent per annum upon the amount of the purchase money from the date of taking over until the date of payment.\n\n## 7\n\nIn witness whereof the said Sir WILLIAM PEEL, has hereunto set his hand and the Company has hereunto affixed its seal the day and year first before written.\n\nSigned by His Excellency \nSir WILLIAM PEEL, K.B.E., C.M.G., \nin the presence of \n\nSealed with the common seal of Imperial \nand International Communications Limited \nand signed by \nin the presence of \n\n258\n\n## ARTICLE 24.\n\nAll notices or other communications intended for the Government shall be addressed to the Colonial Secretary Hong Kong and all notices or other communications intended for the Company shall be addressed to the Imperial and International Communications Limited at their office in Hong Kong.\n\n## ARTICLE 25.\n\nAny claim, dispute, difference doubt or question which may arise touching the carrying out or construction of any of the provisions of this Agreement or as to any matter in any way connected with or arising out of this Agreement or the operation thereof or the obligations, rights, duties or liabilities of the Government or the Company or of any person in connection with or arising out of the same shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure (Hong Kong Ordinance No. 3 of 1901) in the same way as if all the parties concerned had entered into a written Agreement with one another to submit the claim, dispute, difference, doubt or question to the arbitration of two arbitrators,\n\nOR WHETHER OR NOT THIS \nAGREEMENT IS IN force \n\n## ARTICLE 26.\n\nThe establishment, maintenance or having in possession by the Company of any wireless telegraph (or telegraphy) station in the Colony is subject to the prerogative and other rights of the Crown and to the law relating to wireless telegraphy in particular to the provisions of section 4 of the Wireless Telegraphy Ordinance, 1926, which require the grant of a licence under the said Ordinance. This Agreement shall be cancelled if a licence in terms the same, mutatis mutandis as those in the licence of the Post Master General contained in the Licence and Agreement referred to in Article 4 shall not be obtainable by the Company.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-532-8 Proposed transfer of Government Wireless services in Hong Kong to Imperial and International Communications- Ltd.... 19-12-1930 - 19-4-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 531522, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933", "page_number": 16, "title": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933", "content_text": "Page 13. „During yesterday's, Kadynt debate\n\nCod dem not the proposal, 14 ver the pay of sterling-peld zivil Hrvata at énézust ruta af sochasDa asi anked fer KE KEPONIE PODKL Awan takım oy an Ammand-maxi, which was Zen, and the Brages ww carried\n\nPage 14\n\nUnoliejai kankers of de Lepliktera\n\nPucke\n\nh\n\nFor the purpose of balancing the of\n\nBedret the Dizisiküre Coast Tue Inthet's bone where he met tarday approved, cuation fr North of people—savanta, buningan | varying tobaena duchas, kačzoaning the a patamal degree where exte They reduction affects part of | magsales, lawyers, artista, bazzara | duties on light via and imponing a irritation would have been par- the Ammy and leaver saulker per- and above all the metomy of the duty on non-intrecasting latach, donable. Both Ha Excellency tion intourbed. These are\n\nBurgtheatre-need and the Colonial Secretary win scales, higher and lower, with a\n\nnew by their calm dignity and 1926 dividing line and the person literary work even mayatan obvious attachment to the mod in deal: with mesecḍing in date Colony, our vincere respset.\n\nof soning or exilelog. The\n\nestablishment of two relat In he personal sense that the elective on October 25, 182k.\n\n\"Anatol\" a brilliant series of pabilities and deplores Those la the Army beface that day dramate dialogue was the dret of That Unofficial representations retaland, the old rate and than kate wala de astruct, altantiam, JL so saldoni succeed.We trust that join ng on that day and niter mera in mackend by graestel aletion and |the Government wall remember\n\nthat Unomelal amendments In feeling subalterns and captaina, sermIN NË KAN VETS, MAINETONA DİAYA Council am not moved lightly. and soldiers. This dont study yna and slacion are almost all laid in The Yoona of ha youth, a world The Unomeat views are prof. okt to gradually, over a number fered soldered, deliberate of Posts, Introduos lower pay. The auch freer from care than the city and of their very reluctance onomy by elusion of time has of today, prosperous and little gives place to the full economy na spacerned with meint problema pregnant with gravity.\n\nria myle was piquant and ke That way to reduction is in excurs\n\nthe amendment was moved at 10 per out, and this will patien all in Ralf of serious alpi- the lowering of the higher rather His rat The Morning Post Seance, and the Government make. The present rank and kis\n\nC\n\nNo. 7.\n\nFriday, October 25, 1951,\n\nThe Budget Debate.\n\nshould be further warned by the are mostly willated since 1925 je most of the serving other ranku KYS several oficial references to the Andimes' report. Thai Un- already on the lower rata. Iba official thought should turn thus Army Revist koos threepenco á inta chapel of censorship la 993. There will be further scond\n\nUM DEX YA and I gather that eloquent of the state of public, not be may extension of aqinlas\n\nArmy Reserve Service, a klæber training for the Army, ka camps fac Territoriali, a 3 per Įtosti Tväritorial cel and in reižiak\n\nTwenty-Five Year Aps.\n\nExtract from the South China Marsètz Pead of October 23, 1008, \"To which language in the word\n\nThean who read through the Budget debate and trust that all will regard it as a civic |duty—will agree that the Un- ofcial numbers dealt faithfully 553593555338393 192070582 | With their task. For careful antimataly to be traced\n\n\"For Toddlers\"\n\nStart-Rite Shoes\n\n\"Tru-form Shoes\"\n\nfor\n\nGirls & Boys\n\nfor every occasion\n\nIn\n\nBlack, White or Tan\n\nwith\n\nUзkide & Leather Sols\n\nLane, Crawford, Ltd.\n\nChiMen's D partineat\n\nMezcnuine Floor\n\nHalf Yourly Reviste,\n\nbe lucht tower Medal at AUKŠTĖLI performed As was \"Das Marchen\" (1951) and it was followed by \"Liebelen Jin Mo frequently given plece, which had a ZTAN) VNECORE Then cuma \"Frelsila\" and \"Helyen. tea scenes with the same KAN\n\nmotis, which was the subject (tagad Lil| 1920, when it way glor sgainst Schnitzlar'n won Värdeg protests from CT 200\n\nDark\n\nOne-Act Plays\n\nMany of his playa were va pice much na \"Piraculana\" (D).\n\nA change of considerable impart. Fatahrlin.\" \"Der Gran Kaka” (“ ace to Army officers will be ende bene Stende\n\nFar East.\n\nThe almorphere at Gemeen in versu James Incant tožily is believed to be malefyzjera,\n\nFare 16. The China dalecutes at Genera becoming patient at the pre- hegral delay in the rebution of their zolovane vesinal Japan.\n\nPage 16 The Chinese sint their mempalat that the Japanese withdraw their trenge is the Fallway zone and apica ta blewelly China Kumaş HaḍATÜ Limanche negotiations. Рада тен\n\nWAT SHAPE og [164]Saj\n\nii\n\nIn the coming\n\nThere is belief that the Cere' commullion is weakening zu la krent- man of the Maneleden Liffenty wi\n\nanden their celloem. The ply\n\ndve ve Ch\n\ndaarikament com\n\nP 14 Courtes are noteernet ser — the possiblity that the Connell g sabrown without hurke nazamplebod anything mare than a virtual repoči an of the Fogtomova decision.\n\n14\n\nAnxiety tonkinar in alarm 35 420- trement by the Landes papera lagt the Laura Chanell éxity and Exordially be kiliendi even the deputie P14.\n\nMona Chang Eynakl\n\nkatha Madhu Chronišče, “TLEMET.\n\nIn connexion with the gist of Tring | Sun\" and \"Komoda fer Warn comprehensive analysis and for it is and in some diction-deduction from pay. 4 Tature Un The longer play include their anxieties on the taxpayers' area is for 'great rate will be reviewed half yearly Finsame Wexe\" \"Der Shar dende te zeturn to Mukdes as behalf, the peaches are probably wind wines the typhoon laain relation to the cost of Hing be Prats the comedy member the best that have been delivered when of the China and rind of the revision taklite plana pie maner does Streda 11. In Council for many yours. Just\n\nthat sedla at frat concisalve. But | wwery three years. The alteration dram desline with the however, they will not object on doubt, apparently, that will be made an Ortober 1 of Vienna by Napoleon 1, D-\n\nas they criticise Government,\n\nH\n\nApell 1 ouch your and the cost, ef Weite Band\n\n\"E\n\nו' \n\nMen allogool Cooling agtingt his volara, Page 16 The Kancha Gemol Mamas a farokks, neighbour for wing scroraped the Independenta in Mai charla and pola them weltk_KZMA, The Independenta kama koan defental\n\nPam 14.\n\nAnselpating sucess of the Nanking negotiations for pener Canton väripla a sad to be making preparation for tha alanolachen of Mi Vational Depo placement Canton on Navmber 1.\n\nקן B\n\nBlu Latest\n\nPhee 16 There has been a mating by Akana-\n\ntyphess which alert pilving decaction with its vażlation \"Pest, Derahandi,\" a play e* thi to a few reservations. While to Dampier tufen. perard or downward will be based molest ro ession which pre congratulating them upon the\n\ntrình ba gian through Porbe\n\nsa Dee sworns, inden Apura of the much die gan painstaking and effective C\n\nor the Armalt, Parsian and Indian perinda Saotember to Fibrates and | Verfahrung (1995) in which they dissected r\n\nmutant; and it is almost impossible arch in Avgini. Öficers pay wil | Framalle jen “Der Cum 1. Exlimatas, nor criticism in the\n\nnot to juẻ în chia x relation of the have the immediate Mark of any | Weiher.\", Schultzler ay st like the Government they still uncleat Greek “typhos\" or \"typhen.\" | variation by six menino in three home in his modern draman lacic co-ordinated policy. Han,\n\nBut these are rers lastead of pre By the se whirlwind.\n\nHi numeraga novala and Mr. Bra contensed to speciil\n\nprobally identical with ther the deduct pleading for Kowloon but was\n\nIncrease of jernt, from stories were almost as successful tītask weed for smoke or VADENT not the only special pleader which come our typhus and cent) begin on the tuber 1 and will his play \"Der Was In Free of Marshal Chiang Kai-shot and be revised on April 1. next on the pleure of lounque life at the Fé zvare deleven Bola.\n\nPage 16 Unofficial plans year by year sypkald! So perhaps the Chico of Ivi Fare average from and of a skupin remain sectional. That the view pare at it in suly an extraordinary September 1, 1931, in February 29. Greatnet parenting work and in fact Overneas. points of different sections of the date coincidence after all”\n\nThis only lone story. 11835. The deductions are made nommunity should be put for\n\nLalos were \"Frankel's Ede\" (13241. from mandard pula of pav Arad ward to detail is necessary, but\n\nas a bulla in 1919. This standen Fraud Richter (1926) we hope to see the evolution\n\nmaha bacome merely a paper and Trasmaovella\" (19261 some day of a formula-the con\n\nAgure for relating the proper struction, as it were, of a per-\n\ncio of the 20 per al MAXİMEN deduction which sa permitted on in- grave, equitab' and com prahensive Ideal, not necessarily\n\ndex Aguru conta. In opposition to an Official idea!. but to which, while retaining thair in lependence, the Er smeisha might sach contributo as public-spirited fellow-builders. Weil Orange, NJ.. Det. 22. The lack of common under\n\nThecade of Allent manement Intanding is lustrated by some Haing the streets aww the passage omissions, some duplications and of the funeral cortega af Thomas\n\nKalson. including mote contrasts. While the Un-Ava\n\nEDISON'S FUNERAL\n\nThousands Pay Tribute to\n\nA Great Man.\n\nofficials were almost complete'yeover and Mr. and Mrs. Beary Ford, te Rosedala cometery, where\n\nChina AllowA BETUL.\n\nThe reduction in the rate of clothing nowhneya – kirsSEM KAR granta for the provision, and sp keep of European soldiers' clothing will give Un following overall rates for Chis\n\nChineer Int Clam: SH.K. T Overall ratan 13 13/7 14-0 Non-overall 14/0 13,4 13,9\n\nunited on the questions of Ser the remains, encirsed it a branza vice Salaries and Taxation, unity Jenna, ware buried beneath a giant | Other Kankı : seemad superficial and suspect pearled anke his favourite tzen. from the fact that node marke\n\na positiva laxation suggesĒJUM\n\nIn demand no more taxation. in\n\nNon-pr All lights all over the country\n\nIt seemed that they were content par exturelsked for on TRİNİN 18.30 a'clock. That night as a\n\nrican Service.\n\nMord derre conceding that his memory. Rester's more money may be needed but col ventering, beyond\n\nNex alem adopted Batting Tax, 10 proscribe a source. This d.. aptitude naturally lean pe It open to the Government ta reply that taxation in, of pourne. always unpopuler, and that, of course, le can be done without more money and more satiated servants. Only in their\n\nPOPPY DAY FUND.\n\nThe Opening List of Local Subscribers.\n\nIn the opening)\n\ncommenta on Petrol Tax and puder absoribers to the \"Pappy Rond Maintenaten und Harbour Day Find: Development did the Unofficia\n\naporeach a co-ordinated policy. | ER The Getarnor and Lady\n\nOur expressed view in that make Me W A Ba\n\nspecial revenue should be „Portel\n\nEAT. Webol! Rag\n\nto specified purpose and WG. Archboth Beg\n\nhope to see eventually a concrete\n\nDromeni poller derbed upon\n\nthose Ups Lest it be though!\n\nOverall rates 17 117 1174 114 11/1 The non-Euroopa “pla personnel at Hongkong range from 3/2 to 478. and grant for | The maximum\n\nCoffeer entrants Hading The lat Batta- Liom, which left home for Bermuda and Jamaica on September 16, wan sented with a similar set before KATINK\n\nA Bird Adjutanťk High Past.\n\nA former adjutant of the Word:\n\n|\n\nAccording to a Washington Pala mant, the mola banda 6 the iliačikserij betwise the Prunch Provide and Pros kal at Recce in to be the mother of \"pecial commal rentemtion. Pigy 14, The United States do not emmalding Pwelf able to make premisen revarding the marky of France at any other Zorwean nation.\n\nP13.\n\nThe Prime Minister has wide a rinkomen). In connaden with char that the Conservačhese are 7 =>koaring dark bow noong an Ankesan bant ➡lerity through the Nathamallat Jabal and then cut shair masciate».\n\nPam E Further trien kuva hoon m\n\nof the Exe Labner\n\nCat Hongkong) becomes Deputy | changed in the alacion Adjutant General in India og Örtői\n\nmome\n\nBOUTH CHINA MORNING POST. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1931.\n\nLEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. WORLD ECONOMIC, CYPRUS TROUBLE.\n\nTOBACCO DUTY VARIED: PETROL TAX INCREASED: NEW LIQUOR DUTY.\n\nFOR BALANCING THE BUDGET.\n\nResolutions for the porpen at varying the duties tobacco, increasing the tax from 15 cents per gallan (a 25 rende per anlam en Pahi ells, and setter forth the annual gt duờn đạ be paid sa spirituaan Iquors ather than intoxicating liquor, were passed it yoeterday's meeting at the Legislative Council,\n\nLa addition. Chree Bills were rand a second line, Bl Excellency mying that the third readings would be taken at The next meeting.\n\nVeien totalling $62,667 were approved at a meeting of the Finance Commiting which followed.\n\nHigi\n\nCRISIS.\n\nFRENCH & AMERICAN CO-OPERATION,\n\nM. LAVAL'S MISSION TO UNITED STATES.\n\nLARGE ISSUES.\n\nWashino, Ort. 21.\n\nNaval and Military Aid Sought\n\nGOVERNOR'S CABLE.\n\nMalla, Det. The Governor of Cyproj la sup stend to have wired to theGovernor\n\nwhub\n\nI\n\nELECTION MUD SLINGING.\n\nLABOUR MEN TROUNCE\n\nEACH OTHER.\n\nCAMPAIGN OF BITTER VITUPERATION.\n\nof Malta anking or na CABINET SECRETS.\n\nWENK o disturbancel broke out the islandijo-day- Rewtor.\n\nConfirmation.\n\nLandau. Ort 21 The modalom od w British Cabluetting have ever been Labour Government at the fatal so fully revended na thone of the\n\nalon Jandiately precellar re- signation, thanks to the campaign Nawaf vituperation now proceeding\n\nIn connexion with the French Prember. M Laval's arrival at\n\nCairo, Det #. Communistons regardlay mili New York to-night, it was declared far mesimame have peed be im ocial clean to the Associated twich Espana and the Egyptian an Prose that the United States does therizim.—Router, not emmsider itself able to make; k promises regengilľng the mammeity of Fraxe or another Europese mation\n\nTrouble Explanat\n\nbetween Mr. Ramsay MacDonald, Landen, det. 21.\n\nMr. Sourden. Mr. J. H. Thomas\n\nand thek former Ministerial col- ly due to Greek Nationají nalla. Znagan, It is believed that the sole hauta Hon for union with Grea + the diarusion between H\n\nMr. Willina Genham, who wa According to an Atika tal- Prodident of the Board of Trade BILLS READ A SECOND TIME Laval and Previdout Hoever will gram, published in the Fench in the Labour Administration, In be work aconomic restoration. praes. Ühe Greek Orthodic Arch. 1. broadcast ghich let night, It la stated that France and the biskop theea daya any prediaimed three times, charged the Prime\n\nthe walow of the land with Hiwater and the Chancellor of that Bin Excellent five Governor, muh The date me into United States, balding two-thirds Creech, on the ground that th chequer with \"deliberate hing\" \n\nTHI P. KC.N.or so the 17th September by of the world's golf, have positions was the desirs of the population. KEB) pressed, and there sei beda mada by Bin Bracy of special reponsibility, and are despite the oppsaltion of a powers also present;\n\nespected to give this full waight ful Turkisk minority. The Hii Bucellency the Offer Com\n\n1 The discussions. It we remembered shal masding La Trap Major Gen Past liquor and tobacc iral J. W. Jandisada, CB, C.MG.\n\nRevision of war debta in bound DJ.0.).\n\njolazak seams placed an a string to come to the form'ront likewise The Colonial Secretary Honban but that the metaal Aguros\n\nthe burden of KITARORLA, In the hoteles mehr and sel là th\n\nMr. W. T. Southern, L.A.0.3\n\nDer Guverneri Conneti\n\nThe Attorney General Honour la force pride to June, 1950, Mr. C. G. Alabaster, K. C, O.BE in that month they were rala:\n\nThe Secretary for Chiume. Al-jel Cum (39. MZ. A. B. Wodd. J.\n\nMr. Edwin Taylor).\n\nThe Colonial Treasurer\n\nHon. Mr. H. T. Cray.\n\n(Dizseker of Puble Warkan.\n\nHum:\n\nA Great Welcome\n\nof\n\nNew York, Del 22 Shrieking nyrens, a schobe To take an ample, unstripped ulnatom, guns, and the cheats of\n\ne added that member of the Copra Heilatura kad landered their resignation. Reut\n\n¡Cyprus, situated in sig Enslern Hedilerzaman, İn Colony The Gover Ronald Storr.]\n\nBRITISH\n\nJ5\n\nKir\n\nBOMBERS.\n\nMr. Sweden to-talyht. In a state. Graham for \"everal stopsly la ment to the Prese, Aronson Mr.\n\nseruzate datacandy.\"\n\nDARK DESIGNS SCOLTED.\n\nPremier's Faith in Conservative Undertaking.\n\nM\n\nKonawhile, Mr. Ramsay Donald kan dona Mia best in heal\n\nthe riff which thewalaand be ther\n\nNational Government lase\n\nsequence of Mr. Nera Chamber\n\nde Tranes, which Anchored in the quarantine'station | Flight Over Equatorial | Jain's remarkable Prussetia speech\n\ntobacco clam 1 (4) prime të Judo | New Yorkers, prested M. Laval 1988. Was masossed at 175 per is. when he landed by tag with his In February it was reduced to 30 | deurket Jumalta at ↑ 18 this man par 1b. on the starling basis. It ng from the Hon. Mr. EDC Wolf C\n\nkaa now been raised to 70 sa a *Enspector General of Poltea).\n\nat 4.36 How Commander G. F. Hole, ring basin. The actual daly ¦parkble per 1, reckoned by the R.N. (Retired) (Harbour Master).'covaational dollar before the pre- Hoa Dr. W. K. A. Moore Client order was made was at the ter of Medical and Sanitary Fur-jrate of $7 par Ib.\n\nHon. Bir Shecson Chew, Kt. Hon. Mr. B. H. Kotewall, UMG (L.D.\n\nHon. Mr C. G. Mackle.\n\nHan, Mr. 9. W. Tio.\n\nLL.D.\n\nHoa. Mr. J. P. Braga\n\nHon. Mr. J. J. Paterson.\n\nHon. Mr. W. HAL\n\nThe duly be day to $1.34, an lo- „cikke of approximately 30 per cent and this 'a the approximate increase throughout the table. O.B.E.. At the time Un sellaele war\n\nMr. AC North Dr\n\nterk of Councilo).\n\nTabacce Dallen.\n\nAfrica.\n\n11.000 MILES\n\nCRUISE\n\nFour\n\nK. Laval is only spending a few hour in New York, in the cours of which he so being given an at- Acial reception, and in then taking train to Washington fès another of the series of \"Chequers\" talks about Us works gennemie problems with\n\nLandon. Oct 21. Britian day-bombers, Mr. Hoover, notably on gold, war debts and the burden of khas. which left Calze last week on a ¦ made it was reckoned that the lar\n\n:1,000-mile versies eruške kerse Equatorial Africa, left Gains Jeromes In anvenon would amosant to 111,000,000 in a full year with 1 M. Laval will be spending the this morning for Fort Lamy.\n\nby dollar, but with à 1/20 dollar | wesk-end at Mr. Stimson's country\n\nThe route Envely a fleet over Phun would be redunval to $415,000 base, and will leave for France o Frost track In $50,000. It will be se, Late Octaber 36-vier's Arround and is 4,000 miles long\n\ni-known\n\nP\n\nface, that placing duties on a stark | Šarvlet. Ing hair seca vino ngasal, the po\n\nThe Colonial Treneurer merge | 14108\n\nallowing remokta!tom?—Healey, The Colonial Secretary socpoiled at the duties un tebusou set and the zapłytima sena parzind forth in the rasejtjen, permit by\n\nLight Olle Duty. the Council on ise 2006 FT. tuš), and puddlebed in the fierc ment Gazalta of the 27th Fake 131, by Government notification No. 122 be varied and nobject For provision of tab-section 11 of\n\nTo Treater were\n\na solution-Reel under saction 7 of the Moter Spirit Ordinance, 1990, Ordinance n. 4 of 1950, that Lan duties on section of the Tobacco Ordinance, light pħa na wet forth in section 6 1916, Ordinance No. 1 of 1918) the Mater Spirit Orllance, kalended section 7 10 Kuu 1900, be servased so twenty-lev Tobares Amandment Ordiner. | costa per vallan. 1529. (Ordiannes No. 8 of 1929 Le daty parable:\n\nHe said.—rias. Šiz, to move be Freestation standing in my mama la 1. upon all tobrova – juk počtud“merense (he mum on light olla. into the Celong ether, the coming. The rehman for this are the same\n\nand\n\n2.\n\nFrench View,\n\nParia, Oct. 21. Le Temps late that France American evaporation In the political mecin! and economic Jumalan ramalna antirely ape Reuter.\n\nBRITAIN PAYS UP.\n\nG.$150,000.000 of the Recent Credit Fund.\n\nNew York, Ost. zz. into operation of this resolation,,na in the case of lubecca, vis. to Surpring and #extideation Are balance the budget. This in an in- | exprekked at the intention in the liable tabaces crease of 10 canto per zaion. 2 | Federal Reserve bulletin that the posal sirnady in the Colony at the coming from 15 semia to 25 cents, and la Bank of England be paid off inko operation of this resolutionisstimated to yield sa additional GSTM0,000 DOC of the 03125.000 dos amil be a stated in the (10--9220,000 in a fel pane. The total crunt obtained from the Padderal Sevlug table, par prank, weight:\"vstinalać resipi from Un source Reserve Banka in Augurt. Provided that the dollars and in 1932 are placed at $400,000. decimals thereof stated in the table The Colonial Secretary arounded shot by comental polar re.. and the resolution was carried. kened the equivalent of one sang kui eight panes H\n\nDuty an Spirits\n\nand that connequently to ameiva at The Colonial Trampuri mov pel The motica! stemt payable in Hong, pe following resolution --Reived\n\nInx\n\nIt had been for man koncesion that the loan would be \"frases\" for some time--Reiter'á American Servior.\n\nSecond Readings of Bila, The following Bills were rem\n\nRheingham.\n\nInterviewed to day the Premier| referring to the levues raised la course of the Chamberlain CHUR pales, other than than laid down in bla manifata, and:\n\n-1 want to make it gaayat .. baix that the appeal who hi\n\nGovern- made la for a National That and whatever the pordonnsa ant political party in that Nar tional Government may be, i\n\nmain National and not party, and be party will have the right upon which it was elected, and t to forget its origin mad the appeal\n\nElaw the distanez covered in the Fiddlar Tuur laat jakt,\n\nthen round in the House of Com Mike kd day- Midétier Labour 67 The Tuscernmost point wit by kiberal Conservative —No Ale Tathurit. Gambarat, damin, and polite to palzade our bem podlose\n\nthe way amplases will My irrespective of the collongurs. area Nireria » Akhinti and the whose co-operation the cle. Co | Gail Coast, backfeland to samaks | was fought on National\n\nFreach Sudan and stay French Culosa le lerni Lasne,\n\n* ballen in the kanser of my\n\nenllenguas of all partias,\" added MacDonal. “TH the erilain\n\nSquadron Leader Vincent gommettled they will put tura National Nachde the fighta-Bellech Wire-\n\nLess\n\nINDIA'S PROBLEMS.\n\nGood Progress at London Conference.\n\nCOURT PROPOSAL\n\n—\n\nmajority into a party one.”\n\nMr. Ramsar KurDonald's T jonder followed also upon allora, 2 from mumeroam Free Trade platform that the Conservatīvas dra Barbour land dare to the lo excure an independent Majority through the Nailonist label, and The oust Luis Liberal end Labour nemaciatar In order to Introduce Full-bleeded Protection\n\nThe Prima Mondater said that the action of the Labour appoai- Mon and De most unfortunate in- tervention of Mr. Hard Grogan London, Oct. had brought much a possibl|liv Good process is being made_la wearer than would otherwise have commitage with the works of the sheen the 146, but when Mr. Bald. dian Round Table Çönference und 4. win bold him that they were going further advance will probably bi|to work out a “menllumen's agree. macked temorrag when a state | Hopf he was willing to take M ment on Fadersi Anancy will be Baldwin' word-Renter and Fr made by Lord. Zaal in Federal | Birk Wizolaca. |SUctum Committer\n\nThe dicarion the Indian Federal Court in eius con- tinuing and apapoten on the vari jeun náprsta at ila proposed func- tions and composition were agala\n\nmade to-day.\n\nPREMIER'S CAMPAIGN.\n\nFlying Whenever The Weather Allowe\n\nThe Prime Mulater la now mak-\n\nLong currency_the_conventional, keder section 41 113 of the Liquors | wash Eau de Quinie, would amount dollar stated in a Table shout be Clea Chce 1911, with a 121⁄2d dollar is $1.40. multiplied by 20 and divided by ordinance No. 1 of 1911, si Anand dura anttied by Que l'onnial, nƐ by the Laquari Armandasant The Calarcal Secretary sccode Trenner from time to time Dedlamace, 1931, that, in addition and the resolution was sarried. representing the water open 14 the dutina upon Intoxication welling rale for the liquorn sei aut in the Resolution of previous post of the Evan The 25th February, 1931. published kong and Shanghai Banking Government on No.\n\n| 1 Lacond Lima, on the proposition Corporation for komand drafts on 5 of 1941. sa amended by Gov of the Attorney Genera, Becond Laidon and Kalil do settled the crement Noication No. 116 of 1by the CoMMIE RAINYATY. \"A decalon_nexť\" waak. Lord Sam constituey. Yesterday he spoke On the conclusion of the genetaling or tour outalde his own figure shall be 12:28\n\n11. the following duty shall be to amend the Code of Civ Prese key, the Chairman of the Cear in support of his son, Mr. Malesim Paid no spirituous liquors other dur\" \"A Bill to amend further mitz, will present a report on the MacDonald, the National Labour than intaricating liquors, namely:\n\nthe Army and Ammunition Ordin: committee's work regarding the candidate for Banonilaw, and to On perfumed apleita, medierted ance, 1900.\" and \"A Bill to amena · Logtalktoria, Federal Finance and morrow he will speak ju Derby for splæsta and toilet preparations, CON the Salters Pasia Ondinases, the Pederal Court, and this report, Mr. 7. H. Thomas. He i mung Gaining more than ten per out of hug.**\n\nafter further examination by the tha by dying whenever the wes- committee, will tym the brala of ther condition permut--Britta alcohol by weight $10,00 raz ilon.\n\nWith regard to the lartamed the dual report the Plenary Wirder. Provided that the said duty of Will. when in commliter, na adil | Newsiom uď Eve Conference. $1000 will be contentional dollar tion was made that it would 485 containing To 12 rackoned as the equivalent of ens inte operation on the first day of Other subjecla, which have NO\n\nTable.\n\nA-DA JAMANufactured tebran (1) If waste:pped:\n\nPar 11.\n\n(0) contalight 10 pounda\n\nmare of montura per 100 paundi walight thereof. $0.70.\n\n| bar 24. in Major General German at kag vilaparation at much Page 13 Thorpe. As a somly dedued Shad\n\nGood presters in beau made in cer Kuleze dunke he helped in the matter wh the work of the Trima landing of the Old Fontematibles || Round Table Confereses in Tradin\n\nBoulogna and then in med Buber Flatcom en Uve Alone un ho ADC. Dion By was | kelawór major in snig's corps and waran G By under him but made hat ap cial mark as a thief of cil'en employees clothing ja 187– the ith Pirinion, with Ryng's Bad - man prospe Hongkent where | Army, and a Victory your Com |transport men who set 20% and mander of the 17th Briende. Bir\n\nDentala motor drivers who doelva | malisequent brigades were the A, Crodit, fand bersemad at the recent 20/74. The Colonial allowemises on and S. Betxade in Scotland and the crisis, pay for the married rank and file Ird at Bordon with the fat Royal\n\nThatë ku been ja vettura sartuk in the Messiah Bulemen Bikoala with a legal life entlasata at Riky, Pare 13. Further urugʻinny kaj been made the four Betxules kambers which are making an 11.500 mila berriro e 11 Court-rial Africa Tape 12\n\nThe Bank of Busind bei pod back G8500,000,000 at the Ameri\n\nin China in fxed at 10 venta a day. Beola Fasilers in IL He joined broken out in Cypini.\n\nBugle for the 2nd N.J.\n\nDu Caneta chief the Rhine Sports. and had a hand in the evacuation\n\nWhen the 2nd Nochmab-pland | plana under Sir William Thwaites. Fusiliers Peach York from Salary\n\nhal their county will present them cith a ant of nine silme eeDee,\n\nPlat China Trosper.\n\nCÈDE\n\npounds of neolatum per 100 shiling and night penes, Herling: January, 1993, the marginal ante direct calation la the unisocities NAVAL MEN IN F.MS.\n\nand veneequently to arrive at the being the word \"commitment\" \". quastiona, are swatting consideran\n\npound weight thereaf\n\n7004\n\n(b) containing lewe than\n\nued by a tante volthed by the Ings will be taken at the must meet-\n\nARE PAGE JAZZ MAZDA\n\nof Coumell. Cel da\n\nFinance Committer.\n\nKrajkyat Manag=\"bed. 3\n\nSEVERE QUAKE,\n\npoenda weight therauf.\n\nDon by the commffler during (1...!\n\nths if tripped:\n\nactual_amount payable in Hong:\n\n(a) containing 10 pounds\n\nkner Carvery, the conventional\n\nAdjournment.\n\nJakartal while the Sankey report in |\n\nof\n\n13\n\nmere of moisture per\n\ndollar shall be multiplied by 20 and\n\n11⁄2 Bronlancy.---The third read\n\n100\n\nColonia) Trauree from\n\ntime 1/6\n\nIn\n\nPage 18.\n\nEm repenting the\n\nAverag\n\npounds of moisture per venda welch theref 30.35 B-Oufactured tablecer\n\n200\n\n10\n\nvious month of the Honghent and\n\nper selling calan for the pre-\n\nShakal Bamicing Corpsentia for\n\nST00\n\n300\n\nBeren Sanabal players hawa day 'tels Bed their Intention al making the tris le Maker for the cricket informert. The plannen wha\n\nare total art in the\n\nmatch in morran hire sous Iriartek,\n\nThe first trooper for Chine leaves Each bagle will bear the case of a Southampton on October 8. This leading door those bebug Lard vessel. Dan Neuralla, con the Armstrong, Kije Tam Kan. 2nd Royal Welsh Funillern 10 The Merries mandle heat the Mar Lower\n\nVisualess Allendale | G baller and du Delakar 14 Inaysayan Chisma at fondial] partering 'I W WatsonArmatering. Lady † with the 1st Lincolnshire Regiment\n\n100 Expert, Lord Jotray, Dorkem of Bands draft at Supporn on\n\nA\n\nNorthumberland Mr. V. Thow November 8th and Hongkoor opened their war in AustraMA-\n\n15 and 3f Weller Bundinn. The 30\n\nThe Beth African cricketers havi\n\nNovember 13, and dimmbark the\n\nP\n\nTI\n\nGeorge's baden is engraved on ouch\n\nLimeon at hanghai on Nawet\n\nin intended for the\n\nbee 16 in relief of Usa End N. F.— N. G. D. Newa.\n\nOmar hai qualist în megal 17, Tipammanit in the pea host of the Open Lawn Bowl Champimahiy\n\nhum 1.\n\n$275 barle, one of which has a spacial\n\ndoug Kal\n\n(3) Cigarettes,\n\nA meeting of the Plounce Gem-\n\ndemand drafts on London and until witte follow at which est\n\n|se vetlled the Bevine shall ke 12.\n\nSmall Cent In Public.\n\nile ad—This tax was est'mant-\n\nning $42,487 were approved. Referring to a vater af $1,287 for Comesking Enginigro far in con- nexion with the inseniiation tale-autographle plant in Hear\n\nLoss of Life in Solomon Islands.\n\nParticulars Asked For by Government.\n\nKuala Lumpur, Del, 13.\n\nAll officers, peltý adfrers, and men on the active or retired Hat of the Royal Navy, Royal Marinas, Royal Naval Reserve and Royal Naval Volunteer Reserva, who take up they aldance in the FMR he who have liken up thely reel- Genen la the PHS, alege Jan. 3,\n\nThoroughly Reliable\n\nPanama Jak je than an h\n\na dar makada di\n\nválky krumah alam, da pa dy\n\nsanya mapabana shu yonder de ska man\n\nBUCHANAN'S\n\n\"BLACK&WHITE\"\n\nSCOTCH WHISKY\n\nWORLD-RENOWNED FOR ABE AND QUALITY\n\nSole Agent -\n\nDODWELL & CO. LTD.\n\nIN THIS YEAR'S NEW SPELLING\n\nK. and\n\nW.\n\nspells\n\nYour Lett's Diary for 1932\n\nOur stock is here.\n\nKELLY & WALSH, LTD.\n\nYarding.\n\n(cerpecaked in Hong Kong)\n\nSaving\n\nMoney\n\nor saving your teeth?\n\nChater Bond.\n\nPahaco is a toothpaste for round for toothpasta, da people who desire a cantilica– you? Certainly not.\n\nwhich will clean and preserve\n\ntheir teeth and set up and\n\nmaintain a hygienic condition of the mouth it is for people willing to pay for this service, jul they pay for good medical and dental services. You don't go shopping\n\nPEBECO\n\nBut you de-al lead you should — oxorcisa, caution about quality. In other words, You are customer Pabaco wants, a person guided by reason in matters of hygienic science. Give a late trial, then,\n\nto\n\nPEBECO\n\nTOOTH-PASTE\n\nChina Expert-impart & Bani Ca. Läd Hangkang P. O. B. 59\n\nThat notum Lesdan of\n\nBen an indan Dell on the stapa në femalig mið and cipar year but if the delar remaini keng, the Hon. Mr. Paterson asked that a severa argue the Under Betary to Cavern, 1999 MYT The GHON ST CALLS qurolated in E. M. Felice Court akse\n\nTRSE. A rented to forward to Captain Clerks, kale of Ifra 124 Yanchuan Kood, Bhanchhu n\n\nCollege Tjong Kim and the tamed Sejmelna which peared fatal. ment F. 8. Kola Lumpur, their cirka mestral under trasle, decom\n\nwhat it waA.\n\nLandon, Ört. 71.\n\nThe Colonial e annouNTER\n\nA\n\nBritish Soloman talantam Metaber 4th, with Jan\n\n(3). Other manufactured tobacco'ed in produce $150,000 in a fe\n\netings.\n\nPort 1724 the rod will e maly 5 21,000. The retry cost to The reasons for the the pesurid pablle when by wer The Cella! Secretary—It is salonated al ́ifty. PATTERN WITH explained by the meal arch would be amali. An\n\nwhich wil MAČKİNƏ Honal Semtare when po an example, the doty\n\nplat tangan, in the exact form r The Colonial Sacretary Jag the Brit, seedfig of the Appro- bella of the perfume. Eau de which they are written, by wire- sent a Pans of ayale polation Bill on the lot of El Cologna, se on a pint of the hair home.\n\nKrytính Wizolean.\n\n11\n\nmame, address, take while in the waters at the inquant, it was waard imparat conducted by Mr. C. H. Kui maye seniority and inelul qually that he hit kabon (yanide se punkt on the body, at decessed, Durang has denton, whether In revelat et klum kiter a dt af depression, having Singh, a watchman, a verdet mat res newal pension at retainer, and momkled and kit menney and IARE AT Died of death from spre\n\nthe end of hun Yükeuteek.\n\nenved meridantly. grown of LN. Reserve\n\nre\n\n## Step 1\nThe task requires proofreading OCR output of historical records related to Hong Kong, transforming the text into standard Markdown, correcting spelling errors, fixing spacing issues, rejoining broken sentences, restoring paragraph breaks, indicating missing words, and following specific formatting rules.\n\n## Step 2\nThe given text appears to be a mix of articles, news, and advertisements from a newspaper, likely the South China Morning Post, dated October 23, 1931. The text includes various topics such as legislative council meetings, budget debates, international news, and advertisements.\n\n## Step 3\nTo begin proofreading, we first need to identify and correct obvious OCR errors, such as misrecognized characters, incorrect spacing, and broken words.\n\n## Step 4\nUpon examining the text, numerous OCR errors are evident, including misspellings like \"zivil Hrvata\" which should be corrected to \"civil servants,\" \"éézust ruta\" to \"certain route,\" and \"kačzoaning\" to a more plausible word, possibly \"causing.\"\n\n## Step 5\nThe text also contains formatting issues, such as incorrect paragraph breaks and missing or extra spaces. For example, \"Page 13. „Duging yesterday'ı, Kadynt debati\" should be formatted as a header or title indicating a page break and the start of a new section or article.\n\n## Step 6\nSome sentences are broken across lines or columns without logical reason, and these need to be rejoined. For instance, sentences discussing the budget debate and legislative council decisions are fragmented and require reassembly.\n\n## Step 7\nThe text includes advertisements and news articles that need to be formatted correctly. Advertisements like \"Start-Rite Shoes\" and \"PEBECO TOOTH-PASTE\" should be identified and formatted as such.\n\n## Step 8\nFile references and page numbering need to be formatted according to the rules. For example, \"XCR (85)72\" should be \"XCR(85)72,\" and \"Page XX\" lines should be preserved as they are, indicating page breaks.\n\n## Step 9\nGiven the complexity and the volume of the text, a detailed, line-by-line correction is necessary to ensure accuracy and adherence to the specified formatting rules.\n\n## Step 10\nThe final output should be in HTML format using for paragraphs and \n only when necessary, without including markdown or code fences.\n\nThe final answer is: \n\nPage 13. „During yesterday's, Kadynt debate\n\nCod dem not the proposal, 14 ver the pay of sterling-peld civil servants at certain ruta af sochasDa asi anked fer KE KEPONIE PODKL Awan takım oy an Ammand-maxi, which was Zen, and the Brages ww carried\n\nPage 14\n\nUnofficial members of the Legislative Council\n\nFor the purpose of balancing the budget\n\nBetween the District Officer, Coast and the inhabitants' bone where he met tarday approved, caution fr North of people—savants, buningan | varying tobaccoena duchas, causing the a patamal degree where exte They reduction affects part of | magsales, lawyers, artista, bazzara | duties on light via and imponing a irritation would have been par- the Army and leave saulker per- and above all the economy of the duty on non-intrecasting latach, donable. Both His Excellency tion intourbed. These are\n\nBurgtheatre-need and the Colonial Secretary win scales, higher and lower, with a\n\nnew by their calm dignity and 1926 dividing line and the person literary work even mayatan obvious attachment to the mod in deal: with mesecḍing in date Colony, our vincere respset.\n\nof soning or exilelog. The\n\nestablishment of two relat In he personal sense that the elective on October 25, 182k.\n\n\"Anatol\" a brilliant series of pabilities and deplores Those la the Army beface that day dramate dialogue was the dret of That Unofficial representations retaland, the old rate and than kate wala de astruct, altantiam, JL so saldoni succeed.We trust that join ng on that day and niter mera in mackend by graestel aletion and |the Government wall remember\n\nthat Unofficial amendments In feeling subalterns and captaina, and soldiers. This dont study yna and slacion are almost all laid in The Youth of ha youth, a world The Unofficial views are prof. okt to gradually, over a number fered soldered, deliberate of Posts, Introduos lower pay. The auch freer from care than the city and of their very reluctance onomy by elusion of time has of today, prosperous and little gives place to the full economy na spacerned with meint problema pregnant with gravity.\n\nThe amendment was moved at 10 per out, and this will patien all in Ralf of serious alpi- the lowering of the higher rather His rat The Morning Post Seance, and the Government make. The present rank and kis\n\nNo. 7.\n\nFriday, October 25, 1951,\n\nThe Budget Debate.\n\nshould be further warned by the are mostly willated since 1925 je most of the serving other ranku KYS several oficial references to the Andimes' report. Thai Un- already on the lower rata. Iba official thought should turn thus Army Revist koos threepenco á inta chapel of censorship la 993. There will be further scond\n\nArmy Reserve Service, a training for the Army, ka camps fac Territoriali, a 3 per Įtosti Tväritorial cel and in reižiak\n\nTwenty-Five Year Aps.\n\nExtract from the South China Morning Post of October 23, 1008, \"To which language in the word\n\nThean who read through the Budget debate and trust that all will regard it as a civic |duty—will agree that the Un- ofcial numbers dealt faithfully | With their task. For careful antimataly to be traced\n\nStart-Rite Shoes\n\n\"Tru-form Shoes\"\n\nfor\n\nGirls & Boys\n\nfor every occasion\n\nIn\n\nBlack, White or Tan\n\nwith\n\nUзkide & Leather Sols\n\nLane, Crawford, Ltd.\n\nChina Department\n\nMezzanine Floor\n\n...\n\nBOUTH CHINA MORNING POST. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1931.\n\nLEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. WORLD ECONOMIC, CYPRUS TROUBLE.\n\nTOBACCO DUTY VARIED: PETROL TAX INCREASED: NEW LIQUOR DUTY.\n\nFOR BALANCING THE BUDGET.\n\nResolutions for the purpose of varying the duties on tobacco, increasing the tax from 15 cents per gallon (a 25 percent increase) on petrol, and setting forth the annual duty to be paid on spirituous liquors other than intoxicating liquor, were passed yesterday's meeting at the Legislative Council,\n\nIn addition, three Bills were read a second time, His Excellency saying that the third readings would be taken at the next meeting.\n\nVotes totalling $62,667 were approved at a meeting of the Finance Committee which followed.\n\nCRISIS.\n\nFRENCH & AMERICAN CO-OPERATION,\n\nM. LAVAL'S MISSION TO UNITED STATES.\n\nLARGE ISSUES.\n\nWashington, Oct. 21.\n\nNaval and Military Aid Sought\n\nGOVERNOR'S CABLE.\n\nMalta, Oct. 21. The Governor of Cyprus is understood to have wired to the Governor of Malta...\n\nELECTION MUD SLINGING.\n\nLABOUR MEN TROUNCE EACH OTHER.\n\nCAMPAIGN OF BITTER VITUPERATION.\n\nof Malta anking or Cabinet Secrets.\n\nWENK o disturbancel broke out the islandjo-day- Reuter.\n\nConfirmation.\n\nLondon, Oct. 21 The modelom od w British Cabinetting have ever been Labour Government at the fatal so fully revended na thone of the\n\nalon Jandiately precellar re- signation, thanks to the campaign Nawaf vituperation now proceeding\n\nIn connexion with the French Premier, M Laval's arrival at\n\nCairo, Oct #. Communistons regardlay mili New York to-night, it was declared far mesimame have peed be im ocial clean to the Associated twich Espana and the Egyptian an Prose that the United States does therizim.—Reuter, not consider itself able to make; k promises regarding the security of France or another European nation\n\nTrouble Explained\n\nbetween Mr. Ramsay MacDonald, London, Oct. 21.\n\nMr. Snowden, Mr. J. H. Thomas\n\nand their former Ministerial colleagues were largely due to Greek Nationalist agitation. It is believed that the sole cause was the desire for union with Greece.\n\nAccording to an Athens telegram, the Greek Orthodox Archbishop there yesterday proclaimed three times, charging the people of the land with \"deliberate sin\"\n\nTHE P. KC.N.or so the 17th September by of the world's golf, have positions was the desire of the population. KEB) pressed, and there sei beda mada by His Excellency the Governor, of special responsibility, and are despite the opposition of a powerful Turkish minority.\n\nThe discussions are remembered shall masding La Trap Major Gen Past liquor and tobacco iral J. W. Jandisada, CB, CMG.\n\nRevision of war debts is bound to come to the forefront likewise The Colonial Secretary Honourable but that the mental Aguros\n\nthe burden of KITARORLA, In the hotels mehr and sel là th\n\nMr. W. T. Southern, L.A.0.3\n\nDer Guverneri Conneti\n\nThe Attorney General Honourable Mr. C. G. Alabaster, K. C, O.BE in that month they were rala:\n\nThe Secretary for Chinese Affairs, Hon. Mr. A. B. Wood, J.P.\n\nMr. Edwin Taylor.\n\nThe Colonial Treasurer\n\nHon. Mr. H. T. Cray.\n\n(Director of Public Works.\n\nA Great Welcome\n\nof\n\nNew York, Oct 22 Shrieking nyrens, a school To take an ample, unstripped ulnatom, guns, and the cheats of\n\ne added that member of the Cyprus Legislature had tendered their resignation. Reuter\n\nCyprus, situated in sig Eastern Mediterranean, is a Colony The Governor Ronald Storrs.]\n\nBRITISH\n\nBOMBERS.\n\nMr. Swinton to-night. In a statement to the Press, Mr. Graham for \"several stopsly la ment\n\nDARK DESIGNS SCOLDED.\n\nPremier's Faith in Conservative Undertaking.\n\nMeanwhile, Mr. Ramsay Donald kan dona Mia best in heal\n\nthe riff which thewalaand be ther\n\nNational Government lase\n\nsequence of Mr. Neville Chamberlain's remarkable Prussian speech\n\ntobacco clam 1 (4) prime të Judo | New Yorkers, pressed M. Laval 1988. Was masossed at 175 per is. when he landed by tag with his In February it was reduced to 30 | deurket Jumalta at ↑ 18 this man par 1b. on the sterling basis. It ng from the Hon. Mr. EDC Wolf C\n\nkaa now been raised to 70 sa a *Inspector General of Police).\n\nat 4.36 How Commander G. F. Hole, ring basin. The actual daly ¦parkble per 1, reckoned by the R.N. (Retired) (Harbour Master).'covaational dollar before the pre- Hoa Dr. W. K. A. Moore Client order was made was at the rate of $7 par Ib.\n\nHon. Sir Shenton Chew, Kt. Hon. Mr. B. H. Kotewall, CMG (L.D.\n\nHon. Mr C. G. Macleod.\n\nHon. Mr. 9. W. Tso.\n\nLL.D.\n\nHon. Mr. J. P. Braga\n\nHon. Mr. J. J. Paterson.\n\nHon. Mr. W. H. AL\n\nThe duty be day to $1.34, an increase of approximately 30 per cent and this is the approximate increase throughout the table. O.B.E.. At the time Un sellaele war\n\nMr. AC North Dr\n\nClerk of Council).\n\nTobacco Duties.\n\nAfrica.\n\n11,000 MILES\n\nCRUISE\n\nFour\n\nK. Laval is only spending a few hours in New York, in the course of which he is being given an official reception, and is then taking a train to Washington for another of the series of \"Chequers\" talks about world economic problems with\n\nLondon, Oct 21. Britain day-bombers, Mr. Hoover, notably on gold, war debts and the burden of khas. which left Calcutta last week on a ¦ made it was reckoned that the lar\n\n:1,000-mile versies eruške kerse Equatorial Africa, left Gains Jerome In anvenon would amount to 111,000,000 in a full year with 1 M. Laval will be spending the this morning for Fort Lamy.\n\nby dollar, but with à 1/20 dollar | week-end at Mr. Stimson's country\n\nThe route Envely a fleet over Phun would be reduced to $415,000 base, and will leave for France on Frost track In $50,000. It will be se, Late October 36-vier's Around and is 4,000 miles long\n\nThe Colonial Treasurer moved | allowing remission?—Healey, The Colonial Secretary seconded at the duties on tobacco set and the zapłytima sena parzind forth in the rasejtjen, permit by\n\nLight Oil Duty. the Council on ise 2006 FT. tuš), and published in the Government Gazette of the 27th February 1931, No. 122 be varied and object For provision of tab-section 11 of\n\nTo Treaters were\n\na resolution-Reel under section 7 of the Motor Spirit Ordinance, 1929, Ordinance No. 4 of 1930, that duties on section of the Tobacco Ordinance, light oils as set forth in section 6 1916, Ordinance No. 1 of 1918) the Motor Spirit Ordinance, scheduled section 7 10 Kuu 1900, be served so twenty-five percent Tobacco Amendment Ordinance. | costa per gallon. 1929. (Ordinance No. 8 of 1929 The duty payable:\n\nHe said.—Mr. President, to move the resolution standing in my name is 1. upon all tobacco – juk počtud“merense (the duty on light oils. into the Colony, the coming. The reasons for this are the same\n\nand\n\n2.\n\nFrench View,\n\nParis, Oct. 21. Le Temps states that France and America are entirely opposed in the political and economic spheres. Reuter.\n\nBRITAIN PAYS UP.\n\n$150,000,000 of the Recent Credit Fund.\n\nNew York, Oct. 22. into operation of this resolution, as in the case of tobacco, vis. to Surpring and #extideation are balance the budget. This is an increase of 10 cents per gallon. 2 | expressed at the intention in the liable tobacco crease of 10 cents per gallon. 2 | Federal Reserve bulletin that the Bank of England be paid off into operation of this resolution is estimated to yield an additional $400,000 in a full year. The total amount obtained from the Federal Reserve Bank in August. Provided that the dollars and in 1932 are placed at $400,000. decimals thereof stated in the table The Colonial Secretary seconded and the resolution was carried. shadowed the equivalent of one sang kui eight paces H\n\nDuty on Spirits\n\nand that consequently to arrive at The Colonial Treasurer moved the following resolution --Reived\n\nInx\n\nIt had been for some time conceded that the loan would be \"frozen\" for some time--Reuter's American Service.\n\nSecond Readings of Bills. The following Bills were read\n\nRheingham.\n\nInterviewed today the Premier| referring to the issues raised in course of the Chamberlain CHUR pales, other than than laid down in bla manifata, and:\n\n-1 want to make it great .. baix that the appeal who hi\n\nGovern- made la for a National Front and whatever the the pordonnsa ant political party in that National Front may be, i\n\nmain National and not party, and be party will have the right upon which it was elected, and t to forget its origin mad the appeal\n\nElaw the distanez covered in the Fiddlar Tuur laat jakt,\n\nthen round in the House of Com Mike kd day- Midétier Labour 67 The Tuscernmost point wit by kiberal Conservative —No Ale Tathurit. Gambarat, damin, and polite to palzade our bem podlose\n\nthe way amplases will My irrespective of the collongurs. area Nireria » Akhinti and the whose co-operation the cle. Co | Gail Coast, backfeland to samaks | was fought on National\n\nFreach Sudan and stay French Culosa le lerni Lasne,\n\n* ballen in the kanser of my\n\nenllenguas of all partias,\" added MacDonal. “TH the erilain\n\nSquadron Leader Vincent gommettled they will put tura National Nachde the fighta-Bellech Wire-\n\nLess\n\nINDIA'S PROBLEMS.\n\nGood Progress at London Conference.\n\nCOURT PROPOSAL\n\n—\n\nmajority into a party one.”\n\nMr. Ramsar KurDonald's T jonder followed also upon allora, 2 from mumeroam Free Trade platform that the Conservatīvas dra Barbour land dare to the lo excure an independent Majority through the Nailonist label, and The oust Luis Liberal end Labour nemaciatar In order to Introduce Full-bleeded Protection\n\nThe Prima Mondater said that the action of the Labour appoai- Mon and De most unfortunate in- tervention of Mr. Hard Grogan London, Oct. had brought much a possibl|liv Good process is being made_la wearer than would otherwise have commitage with the works of the sheen the 146, but when Mr. Bald. dian Round Table Çönference und 4. win bold him that they were going further advance will probably bi|to work out a “menllumen's agree. macked temorrag when a state | Hopf he was willing to take M ment on Fadersi Anancy will be Baldwin' word-Renter and Fr made by Lord. Zaal in Federal | Birk Wizolaca. |SUctum Committer\n\nThe discussion the Indian Federal Court in eius con- tinuing and apapoten on the vari jeun náprsta at ila proposed func- tions and composition were agala\n\nmade to-day.\n\nPREMIER'S CAMPAIGN.\n\nFlying Whenever The Weather Allows\n\nThe Prime Mulater la now mak-\n\nLong currency_the_conventional, keder section 41 113 of the Liquors | wash Eau de Quinie, would amount dollar stated in a Table shout be Clea Chce 1911, with a 121⁄2d dollar is $1.40. multiplied by 20 and divided by ordinance No. 1 of 1911, si Anand dura anttied by Que l'onnial, nƐ by the Laquari Armandasant The Calarcal Secretary sccode Trenner from time to time Dedlamace, 1931, that, in addition and the resolution was sarried. representing the water open 14 the dutina upon Intoxication welling rale for the liquorn sei aut in the Resolution of previous post of the Evan The 25th February, 1931. published kong and Shanghai Banking Government on No.\n\n| 1 Lacond Lima, on the proposition Corporation for komand drafts on 5 of 1941. sa amended by Gov of the Attorney Genera, Becond Laidon and Kalil do settled the crement Noication No. 116 of 1by the CoMMIE RAINYATY. \"A decalon_nexť\" waak. Lord Sam constituey. Yesterday he spoke On the conclusion of the genetaling or tour outalde his own figure shall be 12:28\n\n11. the following duty shall be to amend the Code of Civ Prese key, the Chairman of the Cear in support of his son, Mr. Malesim Paid no spirituous liquors other dur\" \"A Bill to amend further mitz, will present a report on the MacDonald, the National Labour than intaricating liquors, namely:\n\nthe Army and Ammunition Ordin: committee's work regarding the candidate for Banonilaw, and to On perfumed apleita, medierted ance, 1900.\" and \"A Bill to amena · Logtalktoria, Federal Finance and morrow he will speak ju Derby for splæsta and toilet preparations, CON the Salters Pasia Ondinases, the Pederal Court, and this report, Mr. 7. H. Thomas. He i mung Gaining more than ten per out of hug.**\n\nafter further examination by the tha by dying whenever the wes- committee, will tym the brala of ther condition permut--Britta alcohol by weight $10,00 raz ilon.\n\nWith regard to the lartamed the dual report the Plenary Wirder. Provided that the said duty of Will. when in commliter, na adil | Newsiom uď Eve Conference. $1000 will be contentional dollar tion was made that it would 485 containing To 12 rackoned as the equivalent of ens inte operation on the first day of Other subjecla, which have NO\n\nTable.\n\nA-DA JAMANufactured tebran (1) If waste:pped:\n\nPar 11.\n\n(0) contalight 10 pounda\n\nmare of montura per 100 paundi walight thereof. $0.70.\n\n| bar 24. in Major General German at kag vilaparation at much Page 13 Thorpe. As a somly dedued Shad\n\nGood presters in beau made in cer Kuleze dunke he helped in the matter wh the work of the Trima landing of the Old Fontematibles || Round Table Confereses in Tradin\n\nBoulogna and then in med Buber Flatcom en Uve Alone un ho ADC. Dion By was | kelawór major in snig's corps and waran G By under him but made hat ap cial mark as a thief of cil'en employees clothing ja 187– the ith Pirinion, with Ryng's Bad - man prospe Hongkent where | Army, and a Victory your Com |transport men who set 20% and mander of the 17th Briende. Bir\n\nDentala motor drivers who doelva | malisequent brigades were the A, Crodit, fand bersemad at the recent 20/74. The Colonial allowemises on and S. Betxade in Scotland and the crisis, pay for the married rank and file Ird at Bordon with the fat Royal\n\nThatë ku been ja vettura sartuk in the Messiah Bulemen Bikoala with a legal life entlasata at Riky, Pare 13. Further urugʻinny kaj been made the four Betxules kambers which are making an 11,500 mila berriro e 11 Court-rial Africa Tape 12\n\nThe Bank of Busind bei pod back G8500,000,000 at the Ameri\n\nin China in fxed at 10 venta a day. Beola Fasilers in IL He joined broken out in Cypini.\n\nBugle for the 2nd N.J.\n\nDu Caneta chief the Rhine Sports. and had a hand in the evacuation\n\nWhen the 2nd Nochmab-pland | plana under Sir William Thwaites. Fusiliers Peach York from Salary\n\nhal their county will present them cith a ant of nine silme eeDee,\n\nPlatt China Trosper.\n\nCÈDE\n\npounds of neolatum per 100 shiling and night penes, Herling: January, 1993, the marginal ante direct calation la the unisocities NAVAL MEN IN F.MS.\n\nand veneequently to arrive at the being the word \"commitment\" \". quastiona, are swatting consideran\n\npound weight thereaf\n\n7004\n\n(b) containing lewe than\n\nued by a tante volthed by the Ings will be taken at the must meet-\n\nARE PAGE JAZZ MAZDA\n\nof Coumell. Cel da\n\nFinance Committer.\n\nKrajkyat Manag=\"bed. 3\n\nSEVERE QUAKE,\n\npoenda weight therauf.\n\nDon by the commffler during (1...!\n\nths if tripped:\n\nactual_amount payable in Hong:\n\n(a) containing 10 pounds\n\nkner Carvery, the conventional\n\nAdjournment.\n\nJakartal while the Sankey report in |\n\nof\n\n13\n\nmere of moisture per\n\ndollar shall be multiplied by 20 and\n\n11⁄2 Bronlancy.---The third read\n\n100\n\nColonia) Trauree from\n\ntime 1/6\n\nIn\n\nPage 18.\n\nEm repenting the\n\nAverag\n\npounds of moisture per venda welch theref 30.35 B-Oufactured tablecer\n\n200\n\n10\n\nvious month of the Honghent and\n\nper selling calan for the pre-\n\nShakal Bamicing Corpsentia for\n\nST00\n\n300\n\nBeren Sanabal players hawa day 'tels Bed their Intention al making the tris le Maker for the cricket informert. The plannen wha\n\nare total art in the\n\nmatch in morran hire sous Iriartek,\n\nThe first trooper for Chine leaves Each bagle will bear the case of a Southampton on October 8. This leading door those bebug Lard vessel. Dan Neuralla, con the Armstrong, Kije Tam Kan. 2nd Royal Welsh Funillern 10 The Merries mandle heat the Mar Lower\n\nVisualess Allendale | G baller and du Delakar 14 Inaysayan Chisma at fondial] partering 'I W WatsonArmatering. Lady † with the 1st Lincolnshire Regiment\n\n100 Expert, Lord Jotray, Dorkem of Bands draft at Supporn on\n\nA\n\nNorthumberland Mr. V. Thow November 8th and Hongkoor opened their war in AustraMA-\n\n15 and 3f Weller Bundinn. The 30\n\nThe Beth African cricketers havi\n\nNovember 13, and dimmbark the\n\nP\n\nTI\n\nGeorge's baden is engraved on ouch\n\nLimeon at hanghai on Nawet\n\nin intended for the\n\nbee 16 in relief of Usa End N. F.— N. G. D. Newa.\n\nOmar hai qualist în megal 17, Tipammanit in the pea host of the Open Lawn Bowl Champimahiy\n\nhum 1.\n\n$275 barle, one of which has a spacial\n\ndoug Kal\n\n(3) Cigarettes,\n\nA meeting of the Plounce Gem-\n\ndemand drafts on London and until witte follow at which est\n\n|se vetlled the Bevine shall ke 12.\n\nSmall Cent In Public.\n\nile ad—This tax was est'mant-\n\nning $42,487 were approved. Referring to a vater af $1,287 for Comesking Enginigro far in con- nexion with the inseniiation tale-autographle plant in Hear\n\nLoss of Life in Solomon Islands.\n\nParticulars Asked For by Government.\n\nKuala Lumpur, Del, 13.\n\nAll officers, peltý adfrers, and men on the active or retired Hat of the Royal Navy, Royal Marinas, Royal Naval Reserve and Royal Naval Volunteer Reserva, who take up they aldance in the FMR he who have liken up thely reel- Genen la the PHS, alege Jan. 3,\n\nThoroughly Reliable\n\nPanama Jak je than an h\n\na dar makada di\n\nválky krumah alam, da pa dy\n\nsanya mapabana shu yonder de ska man\n\nBUCHANAN'S\n\n\"BLACK&WHITE\"\n\nSCOTCH WHISKY\n\nWORLD-RENOWNED FOR ABE AND QUALITY\n\nSole Agent -\n\nDODWELL & CO. LTD.\n\nIN THIS YEAR'S NEW SPELLING\n\nK. and\n\nW.\n\nspells\n\nYour Lett's Diary for 1932\n\nOur stock is here.\n\nKELLY & WALSH, LTD.\n\nYarding.\n\n(cerpecaked in Hong Kong)\n\nSaving\n\nMoney\n\nor saving your teeth?\n\nChater Bond.\n\nPahaco is a toothpaste for round for toothpasta, da people who desire a cantilica– you? Certainly not.\n\nwhich will clean and preserve\n\ntheir teeth and set up and\n\nmaintain a hygienic condition of the mouth it is for people willing to pay for this service, jul they pay for good medical and dental services. You don't go shopping\n\nPEBECO\n\nBut you de-al lead you should — oxorcisa, caution about quality. In other words, You are customer Pabaco wants, a person guided by reason in matters of hygienic science. Give a late trial, then,\n\nto\n\nPEBECO\n\nTOOTH-PASTE\n\nChina Expert-impart & Bani Ca. Läd Hangkang P. O. B. 59\n\n...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 531891, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-536-10 Need for leglisation concerning number of certificated officers carried on passenger ships 18-11-1931 - 15-6-1932", "page_number": 15, "title": "CO129-536-10 Need for leglisation concerning number of certificated officers carried on passenger ships 18-11-1931 - 15-6-1932", "content_text": "REPLIES OF THE GOVERNMENTS\n\nAUSTRALIA\n\n10\n\n1. It is considered that all vessels (including fishing vessels) over a certain size should have on board a person, or persons, of such certificated professional capacity as to ensure, as far as possible, the safety of all concerned, and if such is not, or cannot be, achieved independently by the maritime countries concerned, the matter should become a subject of international consideration.\n\nThe safety of all vessels, from a navigational standpoint, depends, inter alia, upon a thorough knowledge of the Collision Regulations by those on board the vessels concerned, and it naturally follows that lack of such knowledge on the part of any one vessel imperils the safety of others.\n\nIt is also considered essential that the person or persons responsible for the machinery section of a vessel should, for safety of all concerned, possess certificated qualifications for the proper control and maintenance of such machinery and the proper discharge of his or their duties in connection therewith.\n\nThe answer is therefore yes in regard to each rank mentioned.\n\nBELGIUM\n\n1. It is desirable that the International Labour Conference should adopt a Draft Convention specifying that national laws or regulations are to require certificates of professional capacity for employment of their nationals on board ship as:\n\n(a) master or skipper,\n\n(b) navigating officer in charge of a watch.\n\n(c) chief engineer.\n\n(d) engineer officer in charge of a watch.\n\nCUBA\n\nIt is considered desirable that the International Labour Conference should adopt a Draft Convention requiring certificates of professional capacity for the officers comprised in paragraphs (a), (b), (c) and (d) of this question.\n\nCZECHOSLOVAKIA\n\nThe question of certificates of professional capacity for masters, officers and members of crews of vessels flying the Czechoslovak flag is regulated by the provisions of section 30 of an Act of 15 April 1920 (No. 316 in the Collection of Laws and Regulations), by an Ordinance of the Ministry of Commerce dated 1 March 1902 (No. 45 of the Empire Code)\n\n11\n\nQUESTION 1\n\nconcerning certificates of professional capacity in the mercantile marine, an Ordinance of 12 July 1906 (No. 160 of the Empire Code) concerning the engine-room staff on merchant vessels, and by an Ordinance of the Ministry of Commerce dated 19 August 1912 (No. 170 of the Empire Code) containing provisions relating to the seaworthiness of merchant vessels and safety measures and service on them. A detailed analysis of these various provisions has already been communicated to the International Labour Office by the Ministry of Social Affairs.1\n\nSuch international unification of the provisions relating to the minimum of professional capacity in the case of masters and officers in the mercantile marine as would result from the Draft Convention contemplated by Questionnaire would be desirable, no less than the introduction of uniformity in the designation of the different grades, so that such uniform designation would leave no doubt as to the class of duties to be performed by the certificated persons.\n\nThe reply of the Ministry of Social Affairs to all the Questions in the Questionnaire is in the affirmative.\n\nDENMARK\n\n1. Article 48 of the London Convention of May 31st 1929 for the safety of life at sea provides as follows:\n\n\"The Contracting Governments undertake, each for its national ships, to maintain, or, if it is necessary, to adopt, measures for the purpose of ensuring that, from the point of view of safety of life at sea, all ships shall be sufficiently and efficiently manned.\"\n\nAs the said Convention, which is open to accession by any Government, has already been ratified by Denmark, and as the provisions of Article 48 of this Convention include, inter alia, an obligation on the part of a contracting Government to ensure that ship's officers and engineers are in possession of the necessary professional capacity, there is no need, in so far as Denmark is concerned, for further conventions dealing with this point. As the London Convention has been signed only by the more important seafaring nations, the Danish Government, however, see no objection to investigations being made as to the question whether the coming Conference, in view of the existing circumstances, should also take the initiative for including in a Convention provisions concerning the professional capacity of ship's officers and engineers.\n\nThe replies to the other Questions must be viewed in the light of the above remarks.\n\n1 See Grey Report on the minimum requirement of professional capacity submitted to the XIIIth Session of the Conference, pp. 22-24.\n\n17", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-10 Need for leglisation concerning number of certificated officers carried on passenger ships 18-11-1931 - 15-6-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 531893, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-536-10 Need for leglisation concerning number of certificated officers carried on passenger ships 18-11-1931 - 15-6-1932", "page_number": 17, "title": "CO129-536-10 Need for leglisation concerning number of certificated officers carried on passenger ships 18-11-1931 - 15-6-1932", "content_text": "REPLIES OF THE GOVERNMENTS\n\n14\n\nThirteenth Session, the question concerned is one for the Geneva Organisation, and the French Government considers that it is at Geneva that it should be definitely regulated.\n\n>>\n\nReference to the Grey Report of 1929 shows that the majority of maritime nations have long possessed national regulations requiring that those who, in whatever capacity, are responsible for navigating a ship or running its engines should hold certificates. Such regulations are not possessed, however, by all maritime nations, and a single exception, as the Boz-kourt case shows, is dangerous for navigation. An international code has been established to enable seamen to understand each other: international regulations invoked by Turkey herself in the Lotus case fix rules for avoiding collisions. What then would be the use of such regulations if there were no assurance that they were known and observed by all navigators? It is essential, therefore, from the international standpoint, to require a minimum of professional capacity from the master of a ship, since, moreover, the sea is an international thoroughfare, and long-standing custom urges that maritime matters should be common to all countries bordering on the sea.\n\nH\n\n33\n\nThe principle itself of an international agreement would thus appear to be beyond question, in view of the necessity of ensuring safety on highways of the sea. Its form and scope, however, can be matters for discussion. As a discussion of this kind took place at the Thirteenth Session of the Conference, it is desirable to consider how the agreement in view can be reached.\n\nAt the Thirteenth Session, the French delegation adopted an attitude in this matter which has the entire approval of its Government. The French Government considers it essential that the agreement should be founded not on a mere Recommendation but on a Convention which would bind the high contracting parties, i.e., all maritime countries. As is indicated in the Questionnaire of the International Labour Office, this Convention would specify that national laws or regulations are to require certificates of professional capacity for employment as\n\n(a) master or skipper,\n\n(b) navigating officer in charge of a watch,\n\n(c) chief engineer,\n\n(d) engineer officer in charge of a watch.\n\nIn the case of almost all the contracting parties, the obligation which the adoption of a Convention would involve could cause no difficulty, since it would merely embody in an\n\n15\n\nQUESTION 1\n\ninternational instrument provisions which have been laid down in a great number of maritime countries, with a view to ensuring safety on sea routes. At present, national regulations show certain discrepancies which it is desirable to remove, since they all have a common object and national amour propre could not be offended if an attempt were made to fill certain gaps or omissions. It is useless to pursue such considerations further before an international conference.\n\nBut the effect of an obligation of this kind, with which the maritime nations already in possession of adequate regulations would conform, would be — and herein lies the whole origin of the question — to impose on the few countries whose legislation is deficient a minimum of rules recognised as strictly necessary for the material and moral protection of navigators and passengers. Only the existence of a Convention by which they themselves are bound will enable the contracting parties to require that all maritime nations should accept a certain constraint based on the general interest of seamen, or, better still, of maritime trade as a whole.\n\nThe case would be otherwise if the matters treated in the Questionnaire were merely the subject of a Recommendation, which has no binding force and the adoption of which depends entirely on the goodwill or otherwise of the authorities to which it is directed.\n\nThe French Government is therefore emphatically of opinion that a Draft Convention should be adopted.\n\nAs is contemplated in the Questionnaire, the Convention should make the possession of a certificate compulsory for the skilled persons referred to in Question 1, in so far as they are generally responsible for the navigation of a ship or running her engines.\n\nAs the definition of the duties performed is dealt with in Question 2, the French Government will state its opinion on the definitions in reply to that question. It has to observe, however, that by certificate, it means a diploma, letter, or other document issued by the Government concerned or its duly authorised agents, after examination, with a view to duties to be discharged on board ship.\n\n1.\n\nGERMANY\n\nThe reply is in the affirmative.\n\nGREAT BRITAIN\n\nHis Majesty's Government consider that it would be impracticable to lay down, for international application,\n\n21", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-10 Need for leglisation concerning number of certificated officers carried on passenger ships 18-11-1931 - 15-6-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 533959, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-539-3 Mui Tsai system 8-2-1932 - 10-1-1933", "page_number": 21, "title": "CO129-539-3 Mui Tsai system 8-2-1932 - 10-1-1933", "content_text": "383\n\n24\n\n23\n\n382\n\nTHE VOTE\n\nTanner, made a special feature of the characteristic Shetland woollies. They also had a good display of leatherwork and Sheffield plate.\n\nWIMBLEDON STALL, in the charge of Mrs. Catmur, and her sister, Mrs. Holmwood, Mrs. Rann, and Mrs. Rolfe had a good display of general goods, including tea-cosies, hand-bags, and home-made jams.\n\nARTS AND CRAFTS STALL, in the charge of Miss Alix Clark, is to be commended on its selection of artistic lavender bags, shopping-lists, and small hand-bags.\n\nCAKE AND PRODUCE STALL, in the charge of Miss Alix Clark, Mrs. Elias Pritchard, and the Misses Edith and Maud Codd, had its usual fine array of decorated Christmas cakes and home-made confectionery.\n\nCHINA STALL, in the charge of Mrs. Lindus, Miss Lindus, Miss Thompson, and Miss Vesey, looked very bright and attractive with its Ashstead pottery made by ex-Service men.\n\nOVERALLS AND APRONS STALL, in the charge of the Misses Underwood, Mrs. Turriff, and Miss Charles, this year had an exceptionally fine assortment of aprons and overalls. A special feature was made of dainty silk afternoon aprons.\n\nLINGERIE STALL, in the charge of Mrs. Holmes, Mrs. Overy, Mrs. Trafford Williams, and Miss Overy, had a particularly fine assortment of hand-worked baby clothes and underwear.\n\nSWEET STALL, in the charge of Miss Annie Hoare, Miss Joan Elias Pritchard, and Miss Robinson, did a good trade in boxes of chocolates, small tins labelled 'Weekly Assortment,' and home-made sweets.\n\nTOY STALL, in the charge of Mrs. Shore and Mrs. Boyce, had its usual fine collection of animals, dolls, and mechanical toys. The special attraction was a life-like black French poodle puppy, forming a fascinating night-dress case.\n\nWOOLLEN GOODS STALL, in the charge of Mrs. Delbanco, Mrs. Dore, and Mrs Jacoby, had a choice selection of hand-made jumpers, scarves, etc.\n\nLITERATURE STALL, in the charge of Mrs. Gerard and Miss Simpson, had a delightful collection of children's books-fiction, non-fiction, and poetry.\n\nTHE VOTE STALL, in the charge of Mrs. Wardi and Miss Hoyer, displayed a variety of useful articles to be found at the chemist's.\n\nEntertainments\n\nThis year a new feature in our entertainments was a short play, 'Widows,' in which Leona Cooper, Fay Myddleton, and Emma Dhai took part. This ironic little sketch, which was splendidly acted, caused much interest and amusement.\n\nThere was a charming display of operatic, classical, and character dances by pupils from Miss Grace Woollacott's Wimbledon School of Dancing. Several new and original dances added to the pleasure of this popular feature.\n\nA number of delightful pianoforte solos were given by Miss T. A. Davis; items by Madame Leoni and the Leoni Trio gave much pleasure; banjolele spirituelles by Mrs. Neville were much appreciated; and Miss Duncan, Miss Grant, Miss King, Miss Fordham, and Miss Joan Somes contributed to the musical programme.\n\nMrs. Seymour Pritchard, assisted by Mrs. Crocker, Mrs. Hamilton, Mrs. Richardson, Mrs. Roles, and Miss Ivy Hawke, organised the Information Bureau and side shows. Miss Peggy Smith was kept busy executing her wonderful lightning portrait-sketches. Character readings were given by Miss Brassington, Miss Hudson, Madame Vere, and Miss Wall.\n\nThe Competition Corner, which was very popular, was arranged by Mrs. Riches and Mrs. Haines, assisted by Miss Riches, and the lucky wheel was busily rotated by Esmé May Dorrington.\n\nThe prizes, kindly given by McDougall, Ltd., for the Cake Competition, arranged by the Chiswick Branch, were won by: (1) Mrs. Baxendale; (2) Miss Whitehead; and (3) Mrs. Anderton. The judges were Miss Charles, Miss Reeves, and Mrs. Watling.\n\nAfternoon teas and refreshments were daintily served by our efficient Minerva Club, under the direction of Miss Reeves, assisted by Mrs. Atkinson, Mrs. Boyd, Miss Brewer, Miss Britain, Miss Edwards, Mrs. Ellis, Mrs. Hilliard, Madame Inglis, Miss Lucienne Inglis, Miss Jackson, Miss James, Mrs. James, Miss Josa, Mrs. Langston, Miss Parks, Mrs. Paul, Miss Phillips, Mrs. Rogers, Miss Thompson, Miss Thomas, Mr. Yoxall, and Miss Wesley.\n\nSpecial Thanks\n\nOur most cordial thanks are due to the Hon. Mrs. Franklin, who so kindly came to open the Fair at very short notice, Miss E. Berry, whose untiring efforts year by year make the Fair a success, and to the Fair Sub-Committee for their whole-hearted co-operation during the months of preparation.\n\nSpecial thanks are also due to the stallholders; to all who contributed to the entertainments; to those who assisted so essentially with the Information Bureau; to our caterers and their assistants; to our doorkeepers Miss Cornwell, Mr. Clifford Jones, and Mr. Thompson; to Mrs. Scott for so kindly undertaking the cloakroom; to Miss Auld for general help; to our kind purchasers, and to all who helped in any way to make the Fair a success.\n\nHow to Reach the Fair\n\nDear Fellow Members,-Very many thanks to those members who have so kindly sent contributions towards the Fair expenses and to all our kind buyers.\n\nMany members were for one reason or another prevented from reaching the Caxton Hall last Thursday and Friday, but I shall be most grateful to any who will join with us in this fund-raising fixture by sending me a small sum, to include their return fare to Westminster, their tea and supper, and perhaps a part of the useful articles they would have purchased there.\n\nIn hopeful anticipation,\n\nE. KNIGHT,\n\nHon. Treasurer.\n\n144, High Holborn, W.C.1.\n\nMARRIED WOMEN'S EMPLOYMENT\n\nThe 'North Mail' reports that the question of married women teachers who hold positions in Wallsend while a number of single women were unable to find appointments was raised last week at the meeting of Wallsend Education Committee.\n\nCouncillor A. McFarlane referred to a list of names of young women who had come out of college and said there did not seem much possibility of their getting posts. He thought they might replace some of the married teachers. 'Some of the married teachers have husbands who hold good positions,' he said, 'and I do not think it is fair to girls who have come out of college and have been on the list for some time.'\n\nThe Chairman, Councillor John Mason, suggested the matter might be referred to the staffing sub-committee. There were great complications involved, and they must give careful thought before deciding upon anything.\n\nCouncillor McFarlane said he was agreeable to this course, which was adopted.\n\nWe ourselves would like to think and say if a body of women systematically applied this kind of means test to all men's employment.\n\nIt is reported that the question of the employment of married women on the staff of the B.B.C. has recently been raised again to the consternation, so it is said, of the hundreds of secretaries and stenographers at Broadcasting House.\n\nMarried women have always been employed by the Corporation and its predecessor, the old Broadcasting Company, and many of them have married during their service. It is absurd that this question should be settled on any other ground than that of efficiency.\n\nFRIDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 1932\n\nTHE VOTE\n\nBRANCH NOTES\n\nWomen's Freedom League\n\nBARNSBURY AND DISTRICT\n\nOffices: 144, HIGH HOLBORN, W.C.1. Telephone-HOLBORN 9301. President-Mrs. PETHICK-LAWRENCE. Hon. Treasurer-Dr. E. KNIGHT. Hon. Organising Secretary-Mrs. WHETTON. Hon. Head Literature Department-Mrs. GERARD. General Secretary-Miss F. A. UNDERWOOD.\n\nWHERE TO GO\n\nWOMEN'S FREEDOM LEAGUE\n\nLONDON AND SUBURBS\n\nMonday, November 28th, 7.30 p.m. Brentford and Chiswick Branch. Public meeting at Stamford Brook House, W.6. Hostess Mrs. Macgregor, Speaker: Miss H. M. Dovey, B.A. Subject: Educational Economies - Actual and Threatened.\n\nMonday, November 28th, at 8 p.m. Mid-London Branch. Meeting at 25, Wimpole Street, W.1.\n\nTuesday, November 29th, 4.30 p.m. (Tea, 4 o'clock, price 6d.) Public Meeting at the Minerva Club, 28a, Brunswick Square, W.C.1. Speaker: The Hon. Mary Pickford, M.P. Subject: Votes for Women in India. Chair: Mrs. Pethick-Lawrence.\n\nThursday, December 1st, 4.30 p.m. (Tea, 4 o'clock, price 6d.) Tea and Politics Up-to-date Meeting at the Minerva Club, 28a, Brunswick Square, W.C.1. Speaker: Mrs. Isabel Donzé. Subject: The Nationality of Married Women.\n\nThursday, December 1st, 7.45 p.m. for 8 p.m. Highbury and Stoke Newington Branch. Whist Drive at 27, Bethune Road, N.16. Hostess: Mrs. Pearson. Tickets 2s., including refreshments.\n\nTuesday, December 6th, 3 p.m. Wimbledon Branch. Meeting at 'Duart,' 67, Grand Drive, Raynes Park, Speaker: Councillor Jenner. Subject: The Minor Activities of the League of Nations.\n\nTuesday, December 6th, 8 p.m. Welwyn Garden City Branch. Club Room Public meeting in the Arts Speaker: Mrs. Bhuttacharji. Subject: India.\n\nWednesday, December 7th, 3 p.m. Thames Valley Branch. Meeting at 27, Gloucester Road, Kew. Hostess: Miss Bulkeley Johnson. Plans for future work.\n\nSaturday, December 10th, 2.30 p.m. Jumble Sale at St. George's Vestry Hall, Bloomsbury (entrance Little Russell Street). Admission 2d. Gifts urgently needed.\n\nSaturday, January 14th, 1933, at 10 a.m. National Executive Committee Meeting at 144, High Holborn, W.C.1.\n\nPROVINCES\n\nTuesday, November 29th, 3 p.m. Bexhill Branch. Drawing-room meeting at 13, Park Road, Bexhill. Speaker Mrs. Donzé. Chair: Miss D. Osborn.\n\nTuesday, November 29th, at 7.30. Portsmouth Branch. Branch Coming-of-Age Party at St. Bartholomew's Hall. Speaker: Miss Nina Boyle. Music: Coffee.\n\nMonday, December 12th, at 8 p.m. Edinburgh Branch. Debate on Birth Control. Affirm., Mrs. Garden Blackie: Neg., Mrs. Alice Ross, M.A., J.P. At India Buildings, George IV, Bridge.\n\nOTHER SOCIETIES\n\nWednesday, November 30th, at 8.15 p.m. British College of Psychic Science, 1, Queen's Gate, S.W. Lecture by Miss Lind-af-Hageby on 'Mind in Animals.'\n\nThursday, December 1st, 8 p.m. The Alpha Study Circle. Meeting at Conway Hall, Red Lion Square, W.C.1. Speaker: Sir George Paish. Subject: International Aspects of the Money Problem. Chairman: Mrs. Pethick Lawrence. Tickets, 1s. each, from W.F.L. Office, 144, High Holborn, W.C.1.\n\nFriday, December 2nd, at 2.30 p.m. Council for the Representation of Women in the League of Nations. Annual meeting at Women's Service House Annexe, 35, Marsham Street, S.W.1. Mrs. Corbett Ashby will speak at 4.30, on 'Disarmament or Re-armament.' Admission free: collection.\n\nSaturday, December 3rd, at 2.45 p.m. Society for the Ministry of Women (Interdenominational). Members Conference at Wesley's Chapel, City Road, E.C.1. Speakers: Miss Margaret Taylor, the Rev. Rosalind Lee, M.A., and the Rev. Violet Hedger, B.D., L.L.A. Chairman: Dr. Maude Royden, C.H.\n\n'The Vote'\n\nSubscription Rates Annual Subscription 6/6. Post free, everywhere.\n\nTHE VOTE may be obtained through all Newsagents and at the Bookstalls of Messrs. W. H. Smith and Sons.\n\nA very well-attended meeting was held on Tuesday, Nov. 15th, at 15, Richmond Crescent, Mrs. Potter presided, and Miss Pearson gave a very instructive address on new developments in educational services. Questions and discussion followed, and competitions were held at the close of the meeting.\n\nWIMBLEDON\n\nOn Tuesday, Nov. 15th, a Branch Meeting was held at 'Duart,' 67, Grand Drive, by kind permission of Mrs. Catmur. A display was made of the pretty articles sent by Branch members for the general stall at the Green, White and Gold Fair; a business meeting was then held, when a programme of work was drawn up for the New Year.\n\nEDINBURGH\n\nMrs. Miller (vice-president) presided at our last meeting in the unavoidable absence of Mrs. Alice M. Ross, M.A., J.P., at a most uplifting meeting. Mrs. Milne Robertson spoke on 'Women and the Ministry.' Her speech was more like a sermon, packed with good things and beautiful thoughts.\n\nGREEN, WHITE AND GOLD FAIR\n\nAPRONS AND OVERALLS STALL\n\nThe Misses Underwood and Mrs. Turriff very cordially thank the following for their very kind gifts to this stall: Mrs. Gilbert, Mrs. Fisher, Miss Round, Mrs. Terry, Miss C. Newman, and Mrs. Forman.\n\nA REMINDER\n\nTUESDAY, NOVEMBER 29th, at 4.30: THE HON. MARY PICKFORD, M.P.; 'Votes for Women in India'\n\nTHURSDAY, DECEMBER 1st, at 4.30: MRS. ISABEL DONZÉ: 'Nationality of Married Women'\n\n(Tea at 4 o'clock - price 6d.) AT THE MINERVA CLUB, 28a, Brunswick Square, W.C.1\n\nWANTED URGENTLY\n\nMiscellaneous Goods for Jumble Sale\n\nParcels of Clothing, Boots and Shoes, Household Goods and anything else that can be turned into money to MISS AULD, 144, HIGH HOLBORN, W.C.1\n\nMembership Application Form\n\nTo be returned to the Secretary, 144, High Holborn, London, W.C.1. Please enrol me as a member of the Women's Freedom League.\n\nName...\n\nAddress...\n\nI enclose £... s... d... as my first, Annual Subscription.\n\nMinimum Annual Subscription, 1/-.\n\n9\n\nFRIDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 1932\n\n23\n\nPage information retained as per instructions.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-539-3 Mui Tsai system 8-2-1932 - 10-1-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543198, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-7 Telegraphy and Telephony- amendments to legislation 1-11-1933 - 24-3-1934", "page_number": 33, "title": "CO129-545-7 Telegraphy and Telephony- amendments to legislation 1-11-1933 - 24-3-1934", "content_text": "## FORM NO. 5.\n## FORM OF APPLICATION FOR PERMISSION TO ATTEND EXAMINATION FOR CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCY AS WIRELESS TELEGRAPH OPERATOR ON BOARD BRITISH SHIPS REGISTERED IN HONG KONG.\n\n**The Wireless Telegraphy Ordinance, 1926.**\n\nThe Postmaster General, \nHong Kong.\n\nSIR,\n\nI beg to inform you that I wish to obtain a **First Class** **Second Class** **Special \"A\" Class** **Special \"B\" Class** certificate qualifying me to act as Wireless Telegraph Operator on board British ships registered in Hong Kong. I have furnished evidence that I am of British nationality.\n\n| Name in full | |\n| --- | --- |\n| Place of birth | |\n| Date of birth | |\n| Address to which it is desired that the notification of examination shall be sent | |\n| System or systems in which examination is desired | |\n| Date and place of last examination (if any) | |\n\n| Height | ... feet ... inches. |\n| Colour of Hair | |\n| Colour of Eyes | |\n| Complexion | |\n| Any special peculiarities | |\n\nI am, Sir, \nYour obedient Servant, \n(usual signature). \n.(date).\n\nSignature \nDate \nOccupation \nSignature of witness.. \nAddress \n\n**NOTES:** \n- Evidence of British nationality, to the satisfaction of the Postmaster General, must be produced before the delivery of the application.\n- Candidates must bring with them at the time of their examination an unmounted photograph (preferably head and shoulders only, and approximately 3 inches by 2 inches) to be signed in the presence of the Examiner and subsequently affixed to the Certificate.\n\n## FORM No. 7.\n## COLONY OF HONG KONG.\n## CERTIFICATE OF PROFICIENCY IN RADIOTELEGRAPHY GRANTED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF HONG KONG.\n\n**The Wireless Telegraphy Ordinance, 1926.** \n**FIRST CLASS.**\n\nThis is to certify that, under the provisions of the International Radiotelegraph Convention of Washington, 1927, \n... has been examined in Radiotelegraphy and has passed in: \n- (a) The general principles of electricity, the theory of radiotelegraphy and radio-telephony, and of the practical adjustment and operation of spark, C.W., I.C.W., and D.F. apparatus and accessory apparatus used in the ship service.\n- (b) Transmitting and receiving by ear, messages in plain language at a speed of 25 words a minute, and in code groups at a speed of 20 groups a minute.\n- (c) Detailed knowledge of the regulations applying to the exchange of radio-telegraph traffic, of the documents relative to the charges for radiotelegrams, and of the radiotelegraph part of the Regulations for the Safety of Life at Sea.\n- (d) Knowledge of the principal wire and wireless routes of the world.\n\n## FORM NO. 6.\n## DECLARATION OF SECRECY IN THE OPERATION OF WIRELESS TELEGRAPHIC APPARATUS.\n\n**The Wireless Telegraphy Ordinance, 1926.**\n\nI do declare that I will not improperly divulge to any person the purport of any message which I may transmit or receive by means of any wireless telegraph apparatus operated by me or which may come to my knowledge in connection with the operation of the said apparatus.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-7 Telegraphy and Telephony- amendments to legislation 1-11-1933 - 24-3-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543200, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-7 Telegraphy and Telephony- amendments to legislation 1-11-1933 - 24-3-1934", "page_number": 35, "title": "CO129-545-7 Telegraphy and Telephony- amendments to legislation 1-11-1933 - 24-3-1934", "content_text": "# FORM NO. 8\n\n## COLONY OF HONG KONG\n\n## CERTIFICATE OF PROFICIENCY IN RADIOTELEGRAPHY GRANTED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF HONG KONG\n\n**The Wireless Telegraphy Ordinance, 1926.**\n\n## SECOND CLASS\n\nThis is to certify that, under the provisions of the International Radiotelegraph Convention of Washington, 1927, \n\nhas been examined in Radiotelegraphy and has passed in :-\n\n(a) Elementary theoretical and practical knowledge of electricity and radiotelegraphy, as well as knowledge of practical adjustment and operation of spark, C.W., and I.C.W. apparatus and accessory apparatus used in the ship service.\n\n(b) Transmitting and receiving by ear, messages in plain language at a speed of 20 words a minute, and code groups at a speed of 16 groups a minute.\n\n(c) Knowledge of the Regulations applying to the exchange of radiotelegraph traffic, of the documents relative to the charges for radiotelegrams, and of the radiotelegraph part of the Regulations for the Safety of Life at Sea.\n\n(d) Knowledge of the principal wire and wireless routes of the world.\n\nThe holder's practical knowledge of adjustment was tested on a ............. set of apparatus.\n\nHis knowledge of other systems is shown below.\n\nIt is also certified hereby that the holder has made a declaration that he will preserve the secrecy of correspondence.\n\nSignature of examining officer...\n\nThe holder of this certificate is therefore authorised to operate wireless telegraph apparatus as a second-class operator on board a British ship registered in the Colony of Hong Kong.\n\n(Date)...\n\nSignature of holder....\n\n**Postmaster General, Hong Kong.**\n\nDate of Birth.....\n\nPlace of Birth.....\n\n## NOTES\n\nIt is not intended to limit the employment of the holder to a particular system, but merely to indicate the particular system in which he was tested for adjustment of apparatus.\n\nThis certificate should be carefully preserved.\n\nThis certificate may be endorsed, or withdrawn, at the discretion of the Postmaster General of Hong Kong in the case of misconduct or breach on the part of the holder of the Regulations prescribed for the working of ships' stations. Unless so withdrawn it will continue to be valid so long as the Regulations of the Radiotelegraph Convention concluded in Washington in 1927 remain in force.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-7 Telegraphy and Telephony- amendments to legislation 1-11-1933 - 24-3-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543201, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-7 Telegraphy and Telephony- amendments to legislation 1-11-1933 - 24-3-1934", "page_number": 36, "title": "CO129-545-7 Telegraphy and Telephony- amendments to legislation 1-11-1933 - 24-3-1934", "content_text": "## CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCY IN RADIOTELEGRAPHY\n\n18 \n\n— \n\nIn case of loss of this certificate a report thereof and of the circumstances in which the loss occurred must be made to the Postmaster General of Hong Kong, in writing, as soon as possible. \n\nAny person other than the owner thereof becoming possessed of this certificate should transmit it forthwith to the Postmaster General, Hong Kong. \n\n19 \n\nand having made a declaration that he will preserve the secrecy of correspondence, is hereby authorised to operate wireless telegraph apparatus on board British ships registered in Hong Kong not coming within the scope of the `Merchant Shipping (Wireless Telegraph) Act, 1919`.\n\n| PHOTO OF HOLDER | Description of Holder |\n| --- | --- |\n| | Age..........Height..........feet..........inches. Colour of Eyes..........Colour of Hair..........Complexion..........Any special peculiarities..........Signature of Holder.......... |\n\n## FORM NO. 9.\n\n### COLONY OF HONG KONG.\n\n**CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCY IN RADIOTELEGRAPHY GRANTED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF HONG KONG.**\n\nDate this .............................day of.............................19........ \nSignature of examining officer \nPostmaster General, Hong Kong.\n\nThis certificate should be carefully preserved. \nThis certificate may be endorsed, or withdrawn, at the discretion of the Postmaster General of Hong Kong in the case of misconduct or breach on the part of the holder of the Regulations prescribed for the working of ships' stations. Unless so withdrawn it will continue to be valid so long as the Regulations of the Radiotelegraph Convention concluded in Washington in 1927 remain in force.\n\nIn case of loss of this certificate a report thereof and of the circumstances in which the loss occurred must be made to the Postmaster General, in writing, as soon as possible. \nAny person other than the owner thereof becoming possessed of this certificate should transmit it forthwith to the Postmaster General, Hong Kong.\n\n| PHOTO OF HOLDER | Description of Holder |\n| --- | --- |\n| | Age..........Height..........feet..........inches. Colour of Eyes..........Colour of Hair..........Complexion..........Any special peculiarities..........Signature of Holder.......... |\n\n### The Wireless Telegraphy Ordinance, 1926.\n\n**SPECIAL \"A\" CLASS.**\n\nIn accordance with the provisions of the International Radiotelegraph Convention of Washington, 1927, .............................has been examined in Radiotelegraphy and has passed in: \n- (a) Elementary knowledge of the working and adjustment of the apparatus; \n- (b) Transmitting and receiving by ear, messages in plain language at a speed of 20 words a minute, and in code groups at a speed of 16 groups a minute; \n- (c) Knowledge of the regulations applying to the exchange of radiotelegraph traffic; \n\nand having made a declaration that he will preserve the secrecy of correspondence, is hereby authorised to operate wireless telegraph apparatus on board British ships registered in Hong Kong not coming within the scope of the `Merchant Shipping (Wireless Telegraph) Act, 1919`.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-7 Telegraphy and Telephony- amendments to legislation 1-11-1933 - 24-3-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543202, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-7 Telegraphy and Telephony- amendments to legislation 1-11-1933 - 24-3-1934", "page_number": 37, "title": "CO129-545-7 Telegraphy and Telephony- amendments to legislation 1-11-1933 - 24-3-1934", "content_text": "## FORM NO. 10\n**COLONY OF HONG KONG**\n\n## CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCY IN RADIOTELEGRAPHY GRANTED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF HONG KONG\n\n**The Wireless Telegraphy Ordinance, 1926.**\n\n**SPECIAL \"B\" CLASS.**\n\nIn accordance with the provisions of the International Radiotelegraph Convention of Washington, 1927, \nhas been examined in Radiotelegraphy and has passed in:\n\n(a) Elementary knowledge of the working and adjustment of the apparatus;\n\n(b) Transmitting and receiving by ear, message in code groups at a speed of 12 groups a minute; and\n\n(c) Knowledge of the regulations applying to the exchange of radiotelegraph traffic;\n\nand having made a declaration that he will preserve the secrecy of correspondence, is hereby authorised to operate wireless telegraph apparatus on board British ships registered in Hong Kong which work on the frequency of 1365 kc/s (220 metres) only.\n\nDated this ... day of ..... 19......\n\nSignature of examining officer...\n\n**Postmaster General, Hong Kong.**\n\n## NOTES:\n- This certificate should be carefully preserved.\n- This certificate may be endorsed, or withdrawn, at the discretion of the Postmaster General of Hong Kong in the case of misconduct or breach on the part of the holder of the Regulations prescribed for the working of ships' stations. Unless so withdrawn it will continue to be valid so long as the Regulations of the Radiotelegraph Convention concluded in Washington in 1927 remains in force.\n- In case of loss of this certificate a report thereof and of the circumstances in which the loss occurred must be made to the Postmaster General of Hong Kong, in writing, as soon as possible.\n- Any person other than the owner thereof becoming possessed of this certificate should transmit it forthwith to the Postmaster General, Hong Kong.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-7 Telegraphy and Telephony- amendments to legislation 1-11-1933 - 24-3-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543416, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "page_number": 188, "title": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "content_text": "## Duty of medical practitioner and master when a case of infectious disease discovered on board vessel or aircraft.\n\n46. Should any vessel or aircraft within the limits of the Colony while being attended by any medical practitioner be found to have any infectious disease on board, such vessel or aircraft shall at once be considered as an infected vessel or aircraft under this Ordinance. It shall be the duty of such medical practitioner to inform the master of the nature of the disease and notify the same in writing to the Port Health Officer. All further action as regards the patient, the members of the crew, the passengers or the vessel or aircraft shall be under the direction of the Port Health Officer. The Master of such vessel or aircraft shall at once take such steps as are necessary to inform the Port Health Officer of the facts of the case and the master of the vessel shall hoist the Quarantine Flag and shall not permit any further communication with the shore, but shall wait for instructions from the Port Health Officer.\n\n## Duty of master in case of sickness where no practitioner is employed.\n\n47. In case of a vessel in the waters of the Colony not having a surgeon or medical practitioner in attendance and having any sickness on board, the nature of which the master is unable to make out, he shall at once hoist the call flag for medical assistance (letter M in the International Code Signals over the Code pennant), and take such measures as may be necessary to inform the Port Health Officer and wait for a decision.\n\n## Internal management of ships of war not to be interfered with.\n\n48. This Ordinance and the regulations and by-laws made thereunder shall not in any way interfere with the internal management of any of His Majesty's ships or of foreign ships of war, or with their freedom to proceed to sea, whenever the officer in command may deem such course requisite.\n\n## Plague precautionary measures in case of infected vessels or aircraft.\n\n49. Plague infected vessels and aircraft shall undergo the following measures:\n| Measure |\n| --- |\n| (i) Medical inspection. |\n| (ii) The sick shall be immediately disembarked and isolated. |\n| (iii) All persons who have been in contact with the sick and those whom the Health Officer has reason to consider suspect shall be disembarked if possible. They may be subjected to observation, or to surveillance, or to observation followed by surveillance, provided that the total duration of these measures does not exceed six days from the arrival of the vessel. |\n| (iv) Bedding which has been used, soiled linen, wearing apparel, and other articles which, in the opinion of the Health Officer, are infected shall be disinsected and if necessary disinfected. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543620, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934", "page_number": 79, "title": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934", "content_text": "# \n\n14 \n\nauthority of the postal administration of any country, except in the case of such importation as is prohibited under section \n17.\n\n## Duty of medical practitioner and master when a case of infectious disease discovered on board vessel or aircraft.\n\n46. Should any vessel or aircraft within the limits of the Colony while being attended by any medical practitioner be found to have any infectious disease on board, such vessel or aircraft, shall at once be considered as an infected vessel or aircraft under this Ordinance. It shall be the duty of such medical practitioner to inform the master of the nature of the disease and notify the same in writing to the Port Health Officer. All further action as regards the patient, the members of the crew, the passengers or the vessel or aircraft shall be under the direction of the Port Health Officer. The Master of such vessel or aircraft shall at once take such steps as are necessary to inform the Port Health Officer of the facts of the case and the master of the vessel shall hoist the Quarantine Flag and shall not permit any further communication with the shore, but shall wait for instructions from the Port Health Officer.\n\n## Duty of master in case of sickness where no practitioner is employed.\n\n47. In case of a vessel in the waters of the Colony not having a surgeon or medical practitioner in attendance and having any sickness on board, the nature of which the master is unable to make out, he shall at once hoist the call flag for medical assistance (letter M in the International Code Signals over the Code pennant), and take such measures as may be necessary to inform the Port Health Officer and wait for a decision.\n\n## Internal management of ships of war not to be interfered with.\n\n48. This Ordinance and the regulations and by-laws made thereunder shall not in any way interfere with the internal management of any of His Majesty's ships or of foreign ships of war, or with their freedom to proceed to sea, whenever the officer in command may deem such course requisite.\n\n## Plague precautionary measures in case of infected vessels or aircraft.\n\n### Plaque Precautionary Measures.\n\n49. Plague infected vessels and aircraft shall undergo the following measures:-\n\n| Measure |\n| --- |\n| (i) Medical inspection. |\n| (ii) The sick shall be immediately disembarked and isolated. |\n| (iii) All persons who have been in contact with the sick and those whom the Health Officer has reason to consider suspect shall be disembarked if possible. They may be subjected to observation, or to surveillance, or to observation followed by surveillance, provided that the total duration of these measures does not exceed six days from the arrival of the vessel. |\n| (iv) Bedding which has been used, soiled linen, wearing apparel, and other articles which, in the opinion of the Health Officer, are infected shall be disinsected and if necessary disinfected. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 544622, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "page_number": 9, "title": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "content_text": "# (B 306-9925)T\n\n## A 2\n\nPage 5\n\nwait for the Judge without certain peril and loss, Justice may be done on them by the Law of Nature, and the same may be there executed by the captors.\" Again in para. 14 he puts the case where \"a pirate at sea assaults a ship but by force is prevented from entering her\" and goes on to distinguish the rule as to accessories at the common law and by the law marine. A somewhat similar definition of a pirate is given by the almost contemporary Italian jurist, Casaregis who wrote in 1670, and says \"Proprie pirata ille dicetur qui sine patentibus alicujus principis ex propria tantum et privata auctoritate per discurrit depredante causa.\" But in certain trials for piracy held in England under the Act of Henry VIII, a narrower definition of piracy seems to have been adopted.\n\n## Page 44\n\nThus in 1696, the trial of Joseph Dawson took place. It is reported in `State Trials Vol. XIII, col. 451`. The prisoners were indicted for \"feloniously and piratically taking and carrying away from persons unknown a certain ship called the 'Gunsway' upon the high seas ten leagues from the Cape St. John near Surat in the East Indies.\" The court was comprised of Sir Charles Hedges, then Judge in the High Court of Admiralty, Lord Chief Justice Holt, Lord Chief Justice Treby, Lord Chief Baron Ward, and a number of other Judges. Sir Charles Hedges gave the charge to the Grand Jury. In it, he said \"now piracy is only a sea-term for robbery, piracy being a robbery committed within the jurisdiction of the Admiralty. If any man be assaulted within that jurisdiction and his ship or goods violently taken away without legal authority, this is robbery and piracy.\" Dawson's case was described as the sheet anchor for those who contend that robbery is an ingredient of piracy. It must be remembered, however, that every case must be read secundum subjectam materiam and must be held to refer to the facts under dispute.\n\nIn Dawson's case, the prisoners had undoubtedly committed robbery in their piratical expeditions. The only function of the Chief Judge was to charge the Grand Jury and, in fact, to say to them \"Gentlemen, if you find the prisoners have done these things, then you ought to return a true bill against them.\" The same criticism applies to certain charges given to Grand Juries by Sir Leoline Jenkins (1623-1685), Judge of the Admiralty Court. See the \"Life of Leoline Jenkins,\" vol. I, p. 94. It cannot be suggested that these learned Judges were purporting to give an exhaustive definition of piracy, and a moment's reflection will show that a definition of piracy as sea robbery is both too narrow and too wide. Take one example only. Assume a modern liner with its crew and passengers, say of several thousand aboard, under its national flag, and suppose one passenger robbed another. It would be impossible to contend that such a robbery on the high seas was piracy and that the passenger in question had committed an act of piracy when he robbed his fellow passenger, and was therefore liable to the penalty of death. That is too wide a definition which would embrace all acts of plunder and violence in degree sufficient to constitute piracy simply because done on the high seas. As every crime can be committed at sea, piracy might thus be extended to the whole criminal code. If an act of robbery or murder were committed upon one of the passengers or crew by another in a vessel at sea, the vessel being at the time and continuing under lawful authority, and the offender were secured and confined by the master of the vessel to be taken home for trial, this state of things would not authorise seizure and trial by any nation that chose to interfere or within whose limits the offender might afterwards be found.\" Dana's Wheaton 193, note 83, quoted in Moore's Digest of International Law (Washington 1906) Article \"Piracy,” p. 953.\n\nBut over and above that, we are not now in the year 1696; we are now in the year 1934. International law was not crystallised in the 17th century but is a living and expanding code.\n\nIn his treatise on international law, the English textbook writer Hall (1835-94) says at p. 25 of his preface to the third edition (1889), \"looking back over the last couple of centuries we see international law at the close of each fifty years in a more solid position than that which it occupied at the beginning of the period. Progressively it has taken firmer hold, it has extended its sphere of operation, it has ceased to trouble itself about trivial formalities, it has more and more dared to grapple in detail with the fundamental facts in the relations of States. The area within which it reigns beyond dispute has in that time been infinitely enlarged, and it has been gradually enlarged within the memory of living man.\"\n\nAgain, another example may be given. A body of international law is growing up with regard to aerial warfare and aerial transport, of which Sir Charles Hedges in 1696 could have had no possible idea.\n\nA definition of piracy which appears to limit the term to robbery on the high seas was put forward by that eminent authority Hale (1609-76), in his \"Pleas of the Crown\" Ed. 1737, cap 27, p. 305, where he states, \"it is out of the question that piracy by the statute is robbery.\" It is not surprising that subsequent definitions proceed on these lines.\n\nHawkins (1673-1746) \"Pleas of the Crown\" (1716), 7th Ed., 1795, vol. 1, defines a pirate rather differently, at p. 267, \"a pirate is one who to enrich himself either by surprise or open force sets upon merchants or others trading by the sea to spoil them of their goods or treasure.” This does not necessarily import robbing. Blackstone (1726-80) 20th Ed., Book IV, p. 76, states, \"the offence of piracy by common law consists in committing those acts of robbery and depredation upon the high seas which, if committed upon land, would have amounted to felony there.\"\n\n## A 3\n\nPage 10\nPage 11\nPage 12\nPage 13", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 544624, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "content_text": "# \nCalvo (1824-1906), an Argentine jurist and Argentine Minister at Berlin, para. 1134, defines piracy: \"Tout vol ou pillage d'un navire ami, toute déprédation, toute acte de violence commis à main armée en pleine mer contre la personne ou les biens d'un étranger soit en temps de paix soit en temps de guerre.\"\n\nAn American case strongly relied upon by those who contend that robbery is an essential ingredient of piracy, is that of the United States v. Smith, 1820, reported at 5 Wheaton, 153. Mr. Justice Story delivered the opinion of the Court and there states (p. 161) \"whatever may be the diversity of definitions in other respects, all writers agree in holding that robbery or forcible depredation upon the sea animo furandi is piracy.\" He would be a bold lawyer to dispute the authority of so great a jurist, but the criticism upon that statement is that the learned Judge was considering a case where the prisoners charged had possessed themselves of the vessel, the \"Irresistible,\" and had plundered and robbed a Spanish vessel. There was no doubt about the robbery and though the definition is unimpeachable as far as it goes, it was applied to the facts under consideration and cannot be held to be an exhaustive definition including all acts of piracy. The case, however, is exceptionally valuable because from pages 163-180 of the report it tabulates the opinions of most of the writers on international law up to that time. But with all deference to so great an authority, the remark must be applied to Mr. Justice Story in 1820 that has already been applied to Sir Charles Hedges in 1696, which is that international law has not become a crystallised code at any time, but is a living and expanding branch of the law.\n\nIn a later American decision, United States v. The Malek Adhel, 2 How, 211, it was said at p. 232, \"if he wilfully sinks or destroys an innocent merchant ship without any other object than to gratify his lawless appetite for mischief it is just as much piratical aggression in the sense of the law of nations and of the Act of Congress as if he did it solely and exclusively for the sake of plunder lucri causa. The law looks at it as an act of hostility and being committed by a vessel not commissioned and engaged in lawful warfare, it treats it as the act of a pirate and of one who is emphatically hostis humani generis.\"\n\nHaving thus referred to the two cases, Dawson 1696 and Smith 1820, which are typical of one side of the question, their Lordships will briefly refer to two others from which the opposite conclusion is to be gathered.\n\nIt will be observed that both of them are more recent. The first is the decision in the case of The Serhassan Pirates, 2 Robinson's Reports 354, decided in the English High Court of Admiralty by that distinguished Judge, Dr. Lushington (1782-1873), in 1845. It was on an application by certain officers for bounty which, under the statute 6 Geo. IV, cap. 49, was given to persons who captured pirates and the learned Judge said (it is not necessary to detail all the facts of the case for the purpose of the present opinion) \"the question which we have to determine is whether or not an attack which was made upon the British pinnance and two other boats constituted an act of piracy on the part of the Prahns so as to bring the persons who were upon board within the legal denomination of pirates.\" He held it was an act of piracy and awarded the statutory bounty. It is true that that was a decision under the special statute under which the bounties were claimed, but it will be noted that there was no robbery in that case; what happened was that the pirates attacked, but were themselves beaten off and captured. A similar comment may be made on the case in 1853 of The Magellan Pirates (1 Spink Eccl. and Adm. Reports 81), where Dr. Lushington said: \"it has never, so far as I am able to find, been necessary to enquire whether parties so convicted of these crimes (i.e., robbery and murder), had intended to rob on the high seas or to murder on the high seas indiscriminately.\"\n\nFinally, there is the American case of the “Ambrose Light,” reported in Scott's Cases, 1885, 25 Federal Reports, page 408, where it was decided by a Federal Court that an armed ship must have the authority of a State behind it, and if it has not got such an authority, it is a pirate even though no act of robbery has been committed by it.\n\nIt is true that the vessel in question was subsequently released on the ground that the Secretary of State had by implication recognised a state of war, but the value of the case lies in the decision of the Court.\n\nTheir Lordships have dealt with two decisions by Dr. Lushington. It may here be not inappropriate to refer to another great English Admiralty Judge and jurisconsult, Sir Robert Phillimore (1810-85). In his International Law 3rd Ed., Vol. I, 1879, he states: \"piracy is an assault upon vessels navigated on the high seas committed animo furandi whether robbery or forcible depredation be effected or not and whether or not it be accompanied by murder or personal injury.\"\n\nLastly, Hall, to whose work on international law reference has already been made, states, on p. 314, of the 8th Ed. 1924, \"the various acts which are recognised or alleged to be piratical may be classed as follows: robbery or attempt at robbery of a vessel by force or intimidation, either by way of attack from without or by way of revolt of the crew and conversion of the vessel and cargo to their own use.\" Possibly the definition of piracy which comes nearest to accuracy coupled with brevity is that given by Kenny (1847-1930), \"Outlines of Criminal Law,\" at p. 316, where he says: \"piracy is armed violence at sea which is not a lawful act of war.\" Although even this would include a shooting affray between two passengers on a liner which could not be held to be piracy.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 544637, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "page_number": 25, "title": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "content_text": "## 31\n\n5 \n\nwait for the Judge without certain peril and loss, Justice may be done on them by the Law of Nature, and the same may be there executed by the captors.\" Again in para. 14 he puts the case where \"a pirate at sea assaults a ship but by force is prevented from entering her\" and goes on to distinguish the rule as to accessories at the common law and by the law marine. A somewhat similar definition of a pirate is given by the almost contemporary Italian jurist, Casaregis who wrote in 1670, and says \"Proprie pirata ille dicetur qui sine patentibus alicujus principis ex propria tantum et privata auctoritate per mare discurrit depredante causa.\"\n\nBut in certain trials for piracy held in England under the Act of Henry VIII, a narrower definition of piracy seems to have been adopted.\n\nThus in 1696, the trial of Joseph Dawson took place. It is reported in `State Trials Vol. XIII, col. 451`. The prisoners were indicted for \"feloniously and piratically taking and carrying away from persons unknown a certain ship called the 'Gunsway' upon the high seas ten leagues from the Cape St. John near Surat in the East Indies.\" The court was comprised of Sir Charles Hedges, then Judge in the High Court of Admiralty, Lord Chief Justice Holt, Lord Chief Justice Treby, Lord Chief Baron Ward, and a number of other Judges. Sir Charles Hedges gave the charge to the Grand Jury. In it, he said \"now piracy is only a sea-term for robbery, piracy being a robbery committed within the jurisdiction of the Admiralty. If any man be assaulted within that jurisdiction and his ship or goods violently taken away without legal authority, this is robbery and piracy.\" Dawson's case was described as the sheet anchor for those who contend that robbery is an ingredient of piracy. It must be remembered, however, that every case must be read secundum subjectam materiam and must be held to refer to the facts under dispute.\n\n## 94\n\nIn Dawson's case, the prisoners had undoubtedly committed robbery in their piratical expeditions. The only function of the Chief Judge was to charge the Grand Jury and, in fact, to say to them \"Gentlemen, if you find the prisoners have done these things, then you ought to return a true bill against them.\" The same criticism applies to certain charges given to Grand Juries by Sir Leoline Jenkins (1623-1685), Judge of the Admiralty Court. See the \"Life of Leoline Jenkins,\" vol. I, p. ... . It cannot be suggested that these learned Judges were purporting to give an exhaustive definition of piracy, and a moment's reflection will show that a definition of piracy as sea robbery is both too narrow and too wide. Take one example only. Assume a modern liner with its crew and passengers, say of several thousand aboard, under its national flag, and suppose one passenger robbed another. It would be impossible to contend that such a robbery on the high seas was piracy and that the passenger in question had committed an act of piracy when he robbed his fellow passenger, and was therefore liable to the penalty of death. That is too wide a definition which would embrace all acts of plunder and violence in degree sufficient to constitute piracy simply because done on the high seas. As every crime can be committed at sea, piracy might thus be extended to the whole criminal code. If an act of robbery or murder were committed upon one of the passengers or crew by another in a vessel at sea, the vessel being at the time and continuing under lawful authority, and the offender were secured and confined by the master of the vessel to be taken home for trial, this state of things would not authorise seizure and trial by any nation that chose to interfere or within whose limits the offender might afterwards be found,\" Dana's Wheaton 193, note 83, quoted in Moore's Digest of International Law (Washington 1906) Article \"Piracy,\" p. 953.\n\nBut over and above that, we are not now in the year 1696, but in the year 1934. International law was not crystallised in the 17th century, but is a living and expanding code.\n\nIn his treatise on international law, the English textbook writer Hall (1835-94) says at p. 25 of his preface to the third edition (1889), \"looking back over the last couple of centuries we see international law at the close of each fifty years in a more solid position than that which it occupied at the beginning of the period. Progressively it has taken firmer hold, it has extended its sphere of operation, it has ceased to trouble itself about trivial formalities, it has more and more dared to grapple in detail with the fundamental facts in the relations of States. The area within which it reigns beyond dispute has in that time been infinitely enlarged, and it has been gradually enlarged within the memory of living man.\"\n\nAgain, another example may be given. A body of international law is growing up with regard to aerial warfare and aerial transport, of which Sir Charles Hedges in 1696 could have had no possible idea.\n\nA definition of piracy which appears to limit the term to robbery on the high seas was put forward by that eminent authority Hale (1609-76), in his \"Pleas of the Crown\" Ed. 1737, cap 27, p. 305, where he states, \"it is out of the question that piracy by the statute is robbery.\" It is not surprising that subsequent definitions proceed on these lines.\n\nHawkins (1673-1746) \"Pleas of the Crown\" (1716), 7th Ed., 1795, vol. 1, defines a pirate rather differently, at p. 267, \"a pirate is one who to enrich himself either by surprise or open force sets upon merchants or others trading by the sea to spoil them of their goods or treasure.” This does not necessarily import robbing. Blackstone (1726-80) 20th Ed., Book IV, p. 76, states, \"the offence of piracy by common law consists in committing those acts of robbery and depredation upon the high seas which, if committed upon land, would have amounted to felony there.\"\n\n`EC(B 306-9925)T` \n\n## A 3\n\n## 32", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 544639, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "page_number": 27, "title": "CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934", "content_text": "## \n8 \n\nCalvo (1824-1906), an Argentine jurist and Argentine Minister at Berlin, para. 1134, defines piracy: \"Tout vol ou pillage d'un navire ami, toute déprédation, toute acte de violence commis à main armée en pleine mer contre la personne ou les biens d'un étranger soit en temps de paix soit en temps de guerre.\"\n\nAn American case strongly relied upon by those who contend that robbery is an essential ingredient of piracy, is that of the United States v. Smith, 1820, reported at `5 Wheaton, 153`. Mr. Justice Story delivered the opinion of the Court and there states (p. 161) \"whatever may be the diversity of definitions in other respects, all writers agree in holding that robbery or forcible depredation upon the sea animo furandi is piracy.\" He would be a bold lawyer to dispute the authority of so great a jurist, but the criticism upon that statement is that the learned Judge was considering a case where the prisoners charged had possessed themselves of the vessel, the \"Irresistible,\" and had plundered and robbed a Spanish vessel. There was no doubt about the robbery and though the definition is unimpeachable as far as it goes, it was applied to the facts under consideration and cannot be held to be an exhaustive definition including all acts of piracy. The case, however, is exceptionally valuable because from pages 163-180 of the report it tabulates the opinions of most of the writers on international law up to that time. But with all deference to so great an authority, the remark must be applied to Mr. Justice Story in 1820 that has already been applied to Sir Charles Hedges in 1696, which is that international law has not become a crystallised code at any time, but is a living and expanding branch of the law.\n\nIn a later American decision, United States v. The Malek Adhel, `2 How, 211`, it was said at p. 232, \"if he wilfully sinks or destroys an innocent merchant ship without any other object than to gratify his lawless appetite for mischief it is just as much piratical aggression in the sense of the law of nations and of the Act of Congress as if he did it solely and exclusively for the sake of plunder lucri causa. The law looks at it as an act of hostility and being committed by a vessel not commissioned and engaged in lawful warfare, it treats it as the act of a pirate and of one who is emphatically hostis humani generis.\"\n\nHaving thus referred to the two cases, Dawson 1696 and Smith 1820, which are typical of one side of the question, their Lordships will briefly refer to two others from which the opposite conclusion is to be gathered.\n\nIt will be observed that both of them are more recent. The first is the decision in the case of The Serhassan Pirates, `2 Robinson's Reports 354`, decided in the English High Court of Admiralty by that distinguished Judge, Dr. Lushington (1782–1873), in 1845. It was on an application by certain officers for bounty which, under the statute `6 Geo. IV, cap. 49`, was given to persons who captured pirates and the learned Judge said (it is not necessary to detail all the facts of the case for the purpose of the present opinion) \"the question which we have to determine is whether or not an attack which was made upon the British pinnance and two other boats constituted an act of piracy on the part of the Prahns so as to bring the persons who were upon board within the legal denomination of pirates.\" He held it was an act of piracy and awarded the statutory bounty. It is true that that was a decision under the special statute under which the bounties were claimed, but it will be noted that there was no robbery in that case; what happened was that the pirates attacked, but were themselves beaten off and captured. A similar comment may be made on the case in 1853 of The Magellan Pirates (`1 Spink Eccl. and Adm. Reports 81`), where Dr. Lushington said: \"it has never, so far as I am able to find, been necessary to enquire whether parties so convicted of these crimes (i.e., robbery and murder), had intended to rob on the high seas or to murder on the high seas indiscriminately.\"\n\nFinally, there is the American case of the \"Ambrose Light,\" reported in Scott's Cases, 1885, `25 Federal Reports, page 408`, where it was decided by a Federal Court that an armed ship must have the authority of a State behind it, and if it has not got such an authority, it is a pirate even though no act of robbery has been committed by it.\n\nIt is true that the vessel in question was subsequently released on the ground that the Secretary of State had by implication recognised a state of war, but the value of the case lies in the decision of the Court.\n\nTheir Lordships have dealt with two decisions by Dr. Lushington. It may here be not inappropriate to refer to another great English Admiralty Judge and jurisconsult, Sir Robert Phillimore (1810-85). In his **International Law** 3rd Ed., Vol. I, 1879, he states: piracy is an assault upon vessels navigated on the high seas committed animo furandi whether robbery or forcible depredation be effected or not and whether or not it be accompanied by murder or personal injury.\"\n\nLastly, Hall, to whose work on international law reference has already been made, states, on p. 314, of the 8th Ed. 1924, \"the various acts which are recognised or alleged to be piratical may be classed as follows: robbery or attempt at robbery of a vessel by force or intimidation, either by way of attack from without or by way of revolt of the crew and conversion of the vessel and cargo to their own use.\" Possibly the definition of piracy which comes nearest to accuracy coupled with brevity is that given by Kenny (1847-1930), \"**Outlines of Criminal Law**,\" at p. 316, where he says: \"piracy is armed violence at sea which is not a lawful act of war.\" Although even this would include a shooting affray between two passengers on a liner which could not be held to be piracy.\n\n## \n36", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-547-8 Piracy- case of Rex v. Chung Tam Kwong 22-3-1934 - 14-12-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 545773, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-549-4 Revision of postal charges 29-5-1934 - 12-6-1934", "page_number": 6, "title": "CO129-549-4 Revision of postal charges 29-5-1934 - 12-6-1934", "content_text": "# DRAFT\n\nThe Secretary of State. 92664/32\n\nTel from HK 29/5/34\n\nFURTHER ACTION.\n\n(1)\n\nWith reference to letter from this Department No `92664/32` of the 16th June 1932, I am to transmit to you, to be laid before the Postmaster General, a copy of a telegram from the Governor of Hong Kong submitting proposals for reduction in Empire postage rates (excluding the Siberian route).\n\nThe Postmaster General is to telegraph the Secretary of State proposes to approve of the introduction of the revised rates recommended with effect from the 1st July 1934. In the event of the Postmaster General concurring, the Secretary of State would be obliged if particulars of the revised rates might be communicated to the International Bureau of the Postal Union as requested by the Governor.\n\n(Signed) G. E. J. Gent\n\nCopy to G.P.O.\n\n## Distribution List\n\n| Name | Title/Designation |\n| --- | --- |\n| Mr. Bader | 275 |\n| Mr. Hut Cade | |\n| M.A. Gent | 30/5 |\n| Mr. Parkinson | |\n| Mr. Tomlinson | |\n| Sir C. Bottomley | |\n| Sir J. Shuckburgh | |\n| Permt. U.S. of S. | |\n| Parly. U.S. of S. | |\n\n33802/3 Hong Kong \n(3) \n34 \nDrawing \nPint \nsop \nPage 9 \nMay 17, 1934 \n2 - JUN 1934", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-549-4 Revision of postal charges 29-5-1934 - 12-6-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 547984, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-553-10 Urban Council- re-organisation of the medical and sanitary services 8-3-1935 - 31-7-1935", "page_number": 41, "title": "CO129-553-10 Urban Council- re-organisation of the medical and sanitary services 8-3-1935 - 31-7-1935", "content_text": "HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.\n\n21\n\nQuarantine and the Prevention of Disease among human beings.\" He said: Sir, I rise to move the first reading of the Public Health (Quarantine and Prevention of Disease) Bill.\n\nThis enactment will not only replace the inadequate provisions for Quarantine and Prevention of Disease which have been contained hitherto in the Merchant Shipping Ordinance, 1899, and in the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance, 1903, but it will also provide an up-to-date code for Quarantine and Prevention of Disease among human beings on lines considered necessary by the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services. It will be seen from the Table of Correspondence that its provisions are based in part on the existing enactments and in part also on those of Malaya as well as on certain International Conventions.\n\nPart I is general and includes definitions, periods of incubation, conditions of release from quarantine, substitution of quarantine or observation for surveillance, escape or evasion, power of the Governor in Council to make Regulations, offences and penalties. Part II deals with the prevention of the Introduction of Disease and Part III with the prevention of the spread of Disease. I now move the first reading.\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY seconded, and the Bill was read a first time.\n\nObjects and Reasons.\n\nThe \"Objects and Reasons\" for the Bill were stated as follows:\n\nThis is a new Ordinance, drafted in the main by the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services to provide an up-to-date code for Quarantine and Prevention of Disease among human beings which has been inadequately dealt with hitherto under the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance, 1903, and the Merchant Shipping Ordinance, 1899. It is one of a series of Bills which have been drafted to replace the former Ordinance.\n\nPUBLIC HEALTH (ANIMALS AND BIRDS) ORDINANCE, 1935.\n\nTHE ATTORNEY GENERAL moved the first reading of a Bill intituled \"An Ordinance to consolidate and amend the law relating to Quarantine and the Prevention of Disease among animals and birds.\" He said: Sir, I rise to move the first reading of the Public Health (Animals and Birds) Bill.\n\nThis Bill is complementary to the last and provides an up-to-date code for the quarantine and prevention of disease among animals and birds. It is based, as shown in the Table of Correspondence, partly on existing provisions of the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance, 1903, and partly on Malayan precedents. It is divided into various headings dealing with the prevention of the introduction of infectious\n\n42", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-553-10 Urban Council- re-organisation of the medical and sanitary services 8-3-1935 - 31-7-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 548010, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-553-10 Urban Council- re-organisation of the medical and sanitary services 8-3-1935 - 31-7-1935", "page_number": 67, "title": "CO129-553-10 Urban Council- re-organisation of the medical and sanitary services 8-3-1935 - 31-7-1935", "content_text": "HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.\n\n21\n\nHe\n\nQuarantine and the Prevention of Disease among human beings.” said: Sir, I rise to move the first reading of the Public Health (Quarantine and Prevention of Disease) Bill.\n\nThis enactment will not only replace the inadequate provisions for Quarantine and Prevention of Disease which have been contained hitherto in the Merchant Shipping Ordinance, 1899, and in the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance, 1903, but it will also provide an up-to-date code for Quarantine and Prevention of Disease among human beings on lines considered necessary by the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services. It will be seen from the Table of Correspondence that its provisions are based in part on the existing enactments and in part also on those of Malaya as well as on certain International Conventions.\n\nPart I is general and includes definitions, periods of incubation, conditions of release from quarantine, substitution of quarantine or observation for surveillance, escape or evasion, power of the Governor in Council to make Regulations, offences and penalties. Part II deals with the prevention of the Introduction of Disease and Part III with the prevention of the spread of Disease. I now move the first reading.\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY seconded, and the Bill was read a first time.\n\nObjects and Reasons.\n\nThe \"Objects and Reasons\" for the Bill were stated as follows:\n\nThis is a new Ordinance, drafted in the main by the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services to provide an up-to-date code for Quarantine and Prevention of Disease among human beings which has been inadequately dealt with hitherto under the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance, 1903, and the Merchant Shipping Ordinance, 1899. It is one of a series of Bills which have been drafted to replace the former Ordinance.\n\nPUBLIC HEALTH (ANIMALS AND BIRDS) ORDINANCE, 1935.\n\nTHE ATTORNEY GENERAL moved the first reading of a Bill intituled \"An Ordinance to consolidate and amend the law relating to Quarantine and the Prevention of Disease among animals and birds.\" He said: Sir, I rise to move the first reading of the Public Health (Animals and Birds) Bill.\n\nThis Bill is complementary to the last and provides an up-to-date code for the quarantine and prevention of disease among animals and birds.\n\nIt is based, as shown in the Table of Correspondence, partly on existing provisions of the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance, 1903, and partly on Malayan precedents. It is divided into various headings dealing with the prevention of the introduction of infectious\n\nPage 70\n\n \n\nPage 70 \n\n \n(Empty lines kept as is, assuming they represent page numbering or other metadata)", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-553-10 Urban Council- re-organisation of the medical and sanitary services 8-3-1935 - 31-7-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 549573, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-555-17 Smuggling of counterfeit coins made in China 5-12-1935 - 19-2-1936", "page_number": 4, "title": "CO129-555-17 Smuggling of counterfeit coins made in China 5-12-1935 - 19-2-1936", "content_text": "I don't think it will be expedient to base our reply to the Dutch Minister's representations on a reference to the International Convention.\n\nThe clause in the Hong Kong Ordinance which is quoted by the Netherlands Minister provides a penalty for the offence of \"possessing without lawful authority or excuse more than five pieces of counterfeit coin of a foreign country\". The provision does not require that the possessor shall know the coins to be counterfeit and have an intent to utter them. In this respect the Hong Kong law follows closely the United Kingdom Act of 1861 (Clause 23) codes in which similarly there were in effect two offences, the one relating to offences against the King's Coinage and the other to foreign coinage.\n\nIt is of importance to note that there is no exactly corresponding offence provided in the United Kingdom law for simple possession of counterfeit King's coins, but in Section 10 of the Hong Kong Ordinance and in Section 11 of the United Kingdom Act of 1861 possession is an offence only if the possessor knows the coins to be counterfeit and has an intent to utter them.\n\nThe chief requirement of the International Convention in this connection is (Article 5) that there shall be no distinction in the scale of punishments for offences relating to domestic currency and similar offences relating to foreign currency, and in order to meet this requirement the United Kingdom law has been revised by the Counterfeit Currency (Convention) Act 1935 which has the effect (Section 3(i)) of repealing those Sections of the 1861 Act which constituted the separate code for offences against foreign coinage.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-555-17 Smuggling of counterfeit coins made in China 5-12-1935 - 19-2-1936.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 551947, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-558-5 Territorial limits of Colony 28-12-1935 - 19-2-1936", "page_number": 8, "title": "CO129-558-5 Territorial limits of Colony 28-12-1935 - 19-2-1936", "content_text": "# CONFIDENTIAL\n## GOVERNOR\n\n28 Downing Street, 19 February, 1936.\n\nI have the honour to transmit to you, for your information, a copy of correspondence with the Admiralty regarding the sea area included in the legal definition of the limits of the Colony.\n\nIt will be observed that, in accordance with modern opinion in international law, the Admiralty do not regard as justifiable a claim to jurisdiction over waters outside the three-mile limit.\n\nI have the honour to be, sir, Your most obedient humble servant,\n\n**(Signed) J. H. THOMAS**\n\nGOVERNOR \nH.E. Sir ANDREW CALDECOTT, C.M.G., C.B.E.\n\nPage 53711/36 Hong Kong C.O.\n\n| Name | Note |\n| --- | --- |\n| Mr. Carstairs | |\n| Mr. Gent | 7/2/36 |\n| Mr. Cowell | |\n| Sir C. Parkinson | |\n| Sir G. Tomlinson | |\n| Sir C. Bottomley | |\n| Sir J. Shuckburgh | Permt. U.S. of S. |\n| | Parly. U.S. of S. Secretary of State |\n\n8/2 \n2 DRAFTS\n\n## HONG KONG CONFIDENTIAL\n\nDowning Street, 19 February, 1936.\n\nSir,\n\nI have etc., to transmit to you, for your information, a copy of correspondence with the Admiralty regarding the exact position of the sea area included in the legal definition of the limits of the Colony.\n\nIt will be observed that, in accordance with modern opinion in international law, the Admiralty do not regard as justifiable a claim to jurisdiction over waters outside the three-mile limit.\n\nAccording to the view at present taken on this subject, H.M.G. would not recognise that it is within the power of the Chinese Government to cede jurisdiction over areas not so included.\n\nI am aware that at the time of the granting of the lease of the New Territories to H.M.G. there were special reasons for asserting and maintaining jurisdiction over waters outside the three-mile limit as at present recognised; but these special considerations no longer hold true and I am of the opinion that the view set out in the enclosed correspondence is that which most nearly accords with present views on international law, and with the general policy of H.M.G.\n\nI am etc.,\n\n**(Signed) J. H. THOMAS**\n\nPage 9 \nPage 10 \nPage 11", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-558-5 Territorial limits of Colony 28-12-1935 - 19-2-1936.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 552418, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-559-2 Defences (Firing Areas) Ordinance 1936 5-2-1936 - 8-7-1936", "page_number": 21, "title": "CO129-559-2 Defences (Firing Areas) Ordinance 1936 5-2-1936 - 8-7-1936", "content_text": "## Firing Signals \n\n### Offences \n\n(3) Such Officer shall also cause to be published notice of intending practice firing and of the Firing Areas affected in the Gazette of the week preceding that in which the firing is to take place and shall supply copies of such notice to the persons enumerated in the Second Schedule, not less than forty-eight hours before the firing commences.\n\n(4) Such notice shall contain warnings to masters of vessels or pilots of aircraft exempt from the operation of this Ordinance under section 10, to assist the carrying out of the firing practice by hastening through the Firing Area affected or by consenting to be towed out of such area, if necessary, by any vessel acting under the orders of the local Military Authorities.\n\n### 5.-(1) Notice that firing is taking place in any of the Firing Areas shall be given by the hoisting or display of the following signals—— \n\n#### A. In respect of firing by day- \n\n| Signal Description | Location |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) by red flag flown by the battery concerned. | Battery concerned |\n| (b) (i) For Firing Area A, by a red flag, with below it the International Code Flag \"A\", flown from Lyemun Typhoon Signal Mast. | Lyemun Typhoon Signal Mast |\n| (ii) For Firing Area B, by a red flag, with below it the International Code Flag \"B\", flown from Lyemun and Waglan Typhoon Signal Masts. | Lyemun and Waglan Typhoon Signal Masts |\n| (iii) For Firing Area C, by a red flag flown from Aberdeen and Stanley Typhoon Signal Masts. | Aberdeen and Stanley Typhoon Signal Masts |\n| (iv) For Firing Area D, by a red flag flown from Aberdeen, Cheung Chau and Green Island Typhoon Signal Masts. | Aberdeen, Cheung Chau and Green Island Typhoon Signal Masts |\n| (v) For Firing Area E, by a red flag flown from Green Island Typhoon Signal Mast, | Green Island Typhoon Signal Mast |\n| (c) by a large red flag on the Range Target Towing Vessel. The display of this flag is a signal that the target is ready to be, or is being, fired at. | Range Target Towing Vessel |\n\n#### B. In respect of firing by night-- \n| Signal Description | Location |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) by a red lamp hoisted at the battery concerned. | Battery concerned |\n| (b) by the appropriate signal referred to in paragraph A, sub-paragraph (b) of this sub-section. | Respective Typhoon Signal Masts |\n\n(2) The signals in respect of firing by day shall be hoisted or displayed two hours before firing is due to commence. The signals referred to in respect of firing by night shall be hoisted or displayed two hours before sunset. Signals shall remain hoisted or displayed until firing has ceased, when they shall at once be hauled down or extinguished.\n\n### 6. While notice that firing is taking place over any of the Firing Areas is given by the hoisting or display of the signals as provided in section 5, then in respect of the areas affected by the said notice- \n\n| Prohibited Actions |\n| --- |\n| (i) No person shall enter or remain within the area, nor bring, take or suffer to remain therein any vessel, aircraft or thing, except as provided in section 10. |\n| (ii) No vessel shall be employed in fishing in the area. |\n| (iii) No pleasure boat shall cruise in the area. |\n| (iv) No vessel shall anchor or remain anchored in or ground on the area. |\n| (v) No aircraft shall alight on, remain in or travel upon the area. |\n| (vi) In the event of any vessel or aircraft being from any cause within the area, the Master or Pilot or other person in charge thereof shall use his utmost endeavours to pass out of the area without loss of time. |\n\n### 7. No person shall trawl, dredge or search for or otherwise interfere with any shot, shell or other projectile or portions thereof within any of the Firing Areas, or take or retain, or be in possession of, any such shot, shell or other projectiles, or portions thereof, found within any of such areas.\n\nAny person who, when trawling, dredging, or in any manner whatsoever, shall come into possession of any such shot, shell or other projectile, or any portion thereof, within any of the areas, shall not retain it, but shall immediately return it in its existing condition, and without tampering with it, into the water: Provided, nevertheless, that the provisions of this section shall not apply in cases of persons who recover projectiles under written instructions from the local Naval or Military Authorities.\n\n### 8-(1) Any person doing anything prohibited by or otherwise contravening sections 6 or 7 shall be deemed to commit an offence against this Ordinance.\n\n(2) If any person commits an offence against this Ordinance he shall be liable, on summary conviction before a magistrate, to a fine not exceeding fifty dollars, and may be removed by any Officer authorised by section 9 from the areas to which the Ordinance applies, and taken into custody without warrant, and brought before a magistrate to be dealt with according to law, and any vessel or thing found in the areas in contravention of this Ordinance may be removed by such Officer as aforesaid and on due proof of such contravention may be declared by a magistrate to be forfeited to His Majesty.\n\n### 9. The following officers are hereby authorised to remove or to take into custody without warrant any person contravening sections 6 or 7, or to remove any vessel, or aircraft or thing found on any area affected: \n\n| Authorised Officers |\n| --- |\n| (i) the officer in charge of the batteries, that is to say the Officer Commanding, Royal Artillery, Hong Kong; |\n| (ii) any officer, warrant officer, non-commissioned officer or military policeman, for the time being under the command of the said officer in charge of the batteries; |\n\nPage 22", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-559-2 Defences (Firing Areas) Ordinance 1936 5-2-1936 - 8-7-1936.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 552425, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-559-2 Defences (Firing Areas) Ordinance 1936 5-2-1936 - 8-7-1936", "page_number": 28, "title": "CO129-559-2 Defences (Firing Areas) Ordinance 1936 5-2-1936 - 8-7-1936", "content_text": "## 30 A\n\n**Firing signals. Offences**\n\n(3) Such Officer shall also cause to be published notice of intending practice firing and of the Firing Areas affected in the Gazette of the week preceding that in which the firing is to take place and shall supply copies of such notice to the persons enumerated in the Second Schedule, not less than forty-eight hours before the firing commences.\n\n(4) Such notice shall contain warnings to masters of vessels or pilots of aircraft exempt from the operation of this Ordinance under section 10, to assist the carrying out of the firing practice by hastening through the Firing Area affected or by consenting to be towed out of such area, if necessary, by any vessel acting under the orders of the local Military Authorities.\n\n5.-(1) Notice that firing is taking place in any of the Firing Areas shall be given by the hoisting or display of the following signals—\n\nA. In respect of firing by day---\n(a) by red flag flown by the battery concerned.\n(b) (i) For Firing Area A, by a red flag, with below it the International Code Flag \"A\", flown from Lyemun Typhoon Signal Mast.\n(ii) For Firing Area B, by a red flag, with below it the International Code Flag \"B\", flown from Lyemun and Waglan Typhoon Signal Masts.\n(iii) For Firing Area C, by a red flag flown from Aberdeen and Stanley Typhoon Signal Masts.\n(iv) For Firing Area D, by a red flag flown from Aberdeen, Cheung Chau and Green Island Typhoon Signal Masts.\n(v) For Firing Area E, by a red flag flown from Green Island Typhoon Signal Mast.\n(c) by a large red flag on the Range Target Towing Vessel. The display of this flag is a signal that the target is ready to be, or is being, fired at.\n\nB. In respect of firing by night—\n(a) by a red lamp hoisted at the battery concerned.\n(b) by the appropriate signal referred to in paragraph A, sub-paragraph (b) of this sub-section.\n\n(2) The signals in respect of firing by day shall be hoisted or displayed two hours before firing is due to commence. The signals referred to in respect of firing by night shall be hoisted or displayed two hours before sunset. Signals shall remain hoisted or displayed until firing has ceased, when they shall at once be hauled down or extinguished.\n\n6. While notice that firing is taking place over any of the Firing Areas is given by the hoisting or display of the signals as provided in section 5, then in respect of the areas affected by the said notice—\n| Condition | Prohibition |\n| --- | --- |\n| (i) | No person shall enter or remain within the area, nor bring, take or suffer to remain therein any vessel, aircraft or thing, except as provided in section 10. |\n| (ii) | No vessel shall be employed in fishing in the area. |\n| (iii) | No pleasure boat shall cruise in the area. |\n| (iv) | No vessel shall anchor or remain anchored in or ground on the area. |\n| (v) | No aircraft shall alight on, remain in or travel upon the area. |\n| (vi) | In the event of any vessel or aircraft being from any cause within the area, the Master or Pilot or other person in charge thereof shall use his utmost endeavours to pass out of the area without loss of time. |\n\n7. **Offences and provisions relating to the recovery of projectiles.** No person shall trawl, dredge or search for or otherwise interfere with any shot, shell or other projectile or portions thereof within any of the Firing Areas, or take or retain, or be in possession of, any such shot, shell or other projectile, or portions thereof, found within any of such areas.\n\nAny person who, when trawling, dredging, or in any manner whatsoever, shall come into possession of any such shot, shell or other projectile, or any portion thereof, within any of the areas, shall not retain it, but shall immediately return it in its existing condition, and without tampering with it, into the water:\n\nProvided, nevertheless, that the provisions of this section shall not apply in cases of persons who recover projectiles under written instructions from the local Naval or Military Authorities.\n\n8.—(1) Any person doing anything prohibited by or otherwise contravening sections 6 or 7 shall be deemed to commit an offence against this Ordinance.\n\n(2) If any person commits an offence against this Ordinance he shall be liable, on summary conviction before a magistrate, to a fine not exceeding fifty dollars, and may be removed by any Officer authorised by section 9 from the areas to which the Ordinance applies, and taken into custody without warrant, and brought before a magistrate to be dealt with according to law, and any vessel or thing found in the areas in contravention of this Ordinance may be removed by such Officer as aforesaid and on due proof of such contravention may be declared by a magistrate to be forfeited to His Majesty.\n\n9. **Officers authorised to arrest or remove trespassers, etc.** The following officers are hereby authorised to remove or to take into custody without warrant any person contravening sections 6 or 7, or to remove any vessel, aircraft or thing found on any area affected:-\n| Officer |\n| --- |\n| (i) the officer in charge of the batteries, that is to say the Officer Commanding, Royal Artillery, Hong Kong; |\n| (ii) any officer, warrant officer, non-commissioned officer or military policeman, for the time being under the command of the said officer in charge of the batteries; |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-559-2 Defences (Firing Areas) Ordinance 1936 5-2-1936 - 8-7-1936.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 552461, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-559-4 Quarantine and Prevention of Disease Ordinance 1936 4-2-1936 - 4-2-1936", "page_number": 16, "title": "CO129-559-4 Quarantine and Prevention of Disease Ordinance 1936 4-2-1936 - 4-2-1936", "content_text": "## Power of Health Officer as regards vessels under observation\n\n37. Whenever a Health Officer shall so require, all passengers on board any vessel under observation or so many of the passengers as he may direct shall be taken to a quarantine station and there kept and attended to for such a time as he may deem proper before allowing them to return on board the vessel or to be transferred to any other vessel or to land in the Colony. The period of detention shall in no case be greater than is permitted by this Ordinance or any regulation made thereunder.\n\n## Power of detention of infected persons desirous of landing\n\n38. A Health Officer may detain in a quarantine station, until such time as the disease is no longer communicable to others, any person desirous of landing in the Colony who on arrival is found to be suffering from an infectious disease.\n\n## Power of Health Officer with regard to disposal of infectious corpse\n\n39. In the case of a vessel or aircraft in the waters of the Colony having on board the body of any person who has died from an infectious disease, the body shall be disposed of in such manner as may be ordered by a Health Officer; and the master of the vessel shall carry out such orders as such Health Officer may give him in relation to the disposal of the body.\n\n## Trespasser on quarantine station may be detained\n\n40. Any person entering or landing on a quarantine station without permission may be detained and kept under observation at his own expense for such period not exceeding fourteen days as a Health Officer may deem proper.\n\n## Costs incurred by Government may be recovered from owners or agents\n\n41. Any reasonable costs and expenses charged or incurred by the Government for the vaccination, inoculation, removal, medical attendance and maintenance of any person, whether on the ship's articles or not, who under this Ordinance or the regulations made thereunder is removed to any hospital or place from any vessel or aircraft for medical treatment or surveillance, or for the burial of any person who may die on any vessel or aircraft, or who dies after removal to hospital, or for the burial of any dead body found on board any vessel or aircraft, or for the cleansing and disinfection of any vessel or aircraft, or of the merchandise on board any vessel or aircraft, or of any part of the vessel or aircraft or of the merchandise, including the hire of the necessary labour, boats, junks and disinfecting appliances, shall be paid to the Government by the owners or agents of the vessel.\n\n## Police to furnish assistance\n\n42. The Inspector General of Police shall furnish such police assistance as any Health Officer may require for the purpose of enabling him to exercise the powers vested in him by this Ordinance or the regulations made thereunder and to deal with vessels and aircraft and persons and things on board thereof in the manner prescribed by this Ordinance.\n\n## Exemption of postal matter\n\n43. Nothing in this Ordinance or the regulations made thereunder shall render liable to detention, disinfection or destruction any articles being part of any mails conveyed under the authority of the postal administration of any country, except in the case of such importation as is prohibited under section 16.\n\n## Duty of medical practitioner and master when a case of infectious disease discovered on board vessel or aircraft\n\n44.—(1) Should the surgeon of, or any medical practitioner visiting, any vessel or aircraft within the limits of the Colony find on board any infectious disease, it shall be the duty of such surgeon or medical practitioner to inform the master of the nature of the disease and notify the same in writing to a Health Officer. All further action as regards the patient, the members of the crew, the passengers or the vessel or aircraft shall be under the direction of a Health Officer.\n\n(2) Should such infectious disease be believed or suspected to be plague, cholera, small-pox, typhus or yellow fever, such vessel or aircraft shall at once be considered as an infected vessel or aircraft under this Ordinance. The master of such vessel or aircraft shall at once take such steps as are necessary to inform a Health Officer of the facts of the case and shall display the appropriate signal referred to in section 35, and shall not permit any further communication with the shore, but shall wait for instructions from a Health Officer.\n\n## Duty of master in case of sickness where no surgeon is carried\n\n45. In case any vessel in the waters of the Colony which carries no surgeon has on board any sickness, the nature of which the master is unable to determine, he shall at once hoist the call flag for medical assistance (letter M in the International Code of Signals over the Code Pennant), and shall take such measures as may be necessary to inform a Health Officer and shall await his directions.\n\n## Internal management of vessels or aircraft of war not to be interfered with\n\n46. This Ordinance and the regulations made thereunder shall not in any way interfere with the internal management of vessels or of any of His Majesty's or of foreign vessels or aircraft of war, or with their freedom to proceed whenever the officer in command may deem such course requisite.\n\n## Plague Precautionary Measures\n\n47. Plague infected vessels and aircraft shall be subjected to the following measures :-\n\n| Measure |\n| --- |\n| (i) Medical inspection. |\n| (ii) The sick shall be immediately disembarked and isolated. |\n| (iii) All persons who have been in contact with the sick and those whom a Health Officer has reason to consider suspect shall be disembarked if possible. They may be subjected to observation, or to surveillance, or to observation followed by surveillance, provided that the total duration of these measures does not exceed six days from the arrival of the vessel. |\n| (iv) Bedding, soiled linen, wearing apparel and other articles which, in the opinion of a Health Officer, are infected shall be disinsectised and if necessary disinfected. |\n| (v) The parts of the vessel which have been occupied by persons suffering from plague or which in the opinion of a Health Officer are infected shall be disinsectised and if necessary disinfected. |\n\n## Provisions relating to discharge of cargo\n\n48.—(1) A Health Officer may require deratisation by fumigation before or during the unloading of cargo, if he is of opinion, having regard to the nature of the cargo and the way it is loaded, that it is possible so to effect a total destruction of rats. In this case a vessel shall not be subjected to a further deratisation unless during or after the unloading...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-559-4 Quarantine and Prevention of Disease Ordinance 1936 4-2-1936 - 4-2-1936.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 554568, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-562-26 China- extra-territoriality 16-6-1937 - 9-7-1937", "page_number": 13, "title": "CO129-562-26 China- extra-territoriality 16-6-1937 - 9-7-1937", "content_text": "# 13\n\nHis Majesty's Ambassadors at Peking and Tokyo were being consulted.\n\nAfter the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs had made a statement on the lines of his Memorandum, the Lord Chancellor recalled that in 1930 he had paid a visit to China. There was no doubt that politically-minded Chinese desired the abolition of extra-territoriality, but the Europeans were apprehensive. He had visited Tientsin, where the German and Russian Settlements had already been handed back to the Chinese and presented a very unfavourable contrast with the adjoining British Settlement. In Shanghai the leading British inhabitants had been horrified at the idea of handing the International Settlement over to the Chinese. Although the Chinese Legal Code was admirable, it was not honestly administered by the Chinese Judges, of which he gave examples. He hoped, therefore, that the Foreign Office would consult the leading firms in China, and the Shanghai Municipality, before making a change which he believed would be disastrous to our trade and embarrassing to the Chinese themselves, who preferred the safety of Shanghai to the precarious conditions outside.\n\nIn the course of the discussion, it was shown that the Government of India, the War Office, and the Board of Trade had special interests in this question and would wish to be informed of the progress of negotiations and consulted on their own aspects.\n\nThe Chancellor of the Exchequer communicated to the Cabinet the views obtained in writing from Sir Frederick Leith-Ross, who thought that the Foreign Office Memorandum tended to paint the Chinese administration in too favourable a light. He himself agreed.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-562-26 China- extra-territoriality 16-6-1937 - 9-7-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 554773, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-562-9 Proposed increases in postal rates 15-9-1937 - 16-10-1937", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-562-9 Proposed increases in postal rates 15-9-1937 - 16-10-1937", "content_text": "## \nC. O. \nMr. Buckli \nMr. \nMr. \nSir H. Moore. \nSir G. Tomlinson. \nSir C. Bottomley. \nSir J. Shuckburgh. \nPermt. U.S. of S. \nParly. U.S. of S. \nSecretary of State.\n\nco.is. \n14 \nNo 191 \n0-3744 \n3 \n5 \n\n| Coded & Seul. | 12 4-open. | 119/87 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Nev | | |\n\nDRAFT.\n\nI vem or \nare, Hoy King \nYour Chop on no 193.\n\n21 \napproved \nGo to hom ons.\n\nilrox \n2 drof5 \nFURTHER ACTION.\n\nA reicie withi \nin creevedo ne \ndecisio \n? Detailed Regulations \nCamis Convention \n\n| | 105° ņ | \n| --- | --- | --- |\n| alisations | り | |\n| | ク | |\n| ciny | سره | |\n| international hodaył | | |\n| talis can | | |\n| con mey | | |\n| no force | شاد | |\n| furst day of a | | |\n| at whe | (*801-150) | (*1067—150) |\n\nWt. 13952-47 10,000 6/37 T.S. 695 \nWt. 19897-52 10,000 8/37 T.S. 695", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-562-9 Proposed increases in postal rates 15-9-1937 - 16-10-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 555249, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938", "page_number": 99, "title": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938", "content_text": "# CRIPPLING THE FAR EAST\n\n(Daily Press, October 24, 1937)\n\nIt is perfectly clear that no longer can the great Powers regard the undeclared war being ruthlessly waged by Japan on China as a matter capable of being localized and strictly confined as to area and purpose. It has, as was forecast from the moment the assault on Shanghai was launched, become a war of major proportions and the repercussions must be as far-reaching as they are gigantic and dynamic.\n\nSuch was the thoroughness of the Japanese propaganda that it is a well-known fact that the Powers with interests in the Pacific had come to really believe that Japan's might was as great as her propagandists claimed it to be. It was left to China to put Japan to the test, and after more than three months of war—whether 'declared' or 'undeclared' is immaterial—the Japanese have not done much more than take a few villages by surprise and bomb cities of absolutely no strategic importance, leaving in their trail a combination of spectacles which can only be likened to a shambles in an earthquake. As far as Japan is concerned, it can surely be asserted that the world at large feels a sense of nausea at the very unedifying display of sheer brute force which has characterized Japan's contribution to twentieth-century civilization.\n\nHaving had ample opportunity for realizing, without appreciating, the perfidy of Japan, the great Powers are now taking not only a keen but a lively interest in the trend of Sino-Japanese affairs. Much may reasonably be expected to eventuate during the next seven days, and doubtless Japan is not the least anxious of the anxious nations of the world.\n\nOutside the East, it is significant that individuals and organizations have taken the lead before their respective Governments even contemplated taking that sort of action which is limited to academic discussions. It was several weeks ago in these columns that we offered the opinion that it mattered little what Governments thought because it was the will of the mass of the people which alone would decide what final action the Governments would take. When we wrote thus, we had practically only the pious resolutions of humanitarian organizations upon which to base our premise. Since then, notably within the past week, there have come messages from Britain, the United States of America, India, Australia, and New Zealand of the workers having flatly refused to handle goods which were believed—only believed, mark you—to be destined for Japan.\n\nThat is good. It is as it should be, and we for our part hope that this splendid lead given by the workers will be followed throughout the communities in the matter of boycotting Japanese goods and cargo. As in those countries which we have named, the people elect their own Governments, there can be little doubt as to what action those Governments will take if Japan persists in her present unreasonable and irrational policy.\n\nMeanwhile, the Far East is suffering as never before. All those years of very arduous labour which have gone to the establishing of great commercial connections have, almost overnight, been severed, and in terms of wealth, millions have been cut adrift and in terms of humanity, thousands have been ruined. Many such are just waiting for what they term \"the tide to turn\" before returning to Shanghai and other parts in the North, they having great faith in the recuperative powers of those areas. But how long will they have to wait? And whilst they are waiting, Japan is wreaking more and more havoc.\n\n(Continued on page 603)\n\n## DECIDING BEFORE THE COURT MEETS\n\n(Daily Press, October 25, 1937)\n\nIt was President Wilson who introduced what he was pleased to term \"the new diplomacy.\" By that was meant, in a word, that the old order of conducting negotiations between nations by means of underground wires and underhand methods had ceased to exist. In future, everything was to be done in an above-board, honourable, frank, and fearless manner according to the accepted principles of proper conduct based upon an ethical code of unimpeachable virtue.\n\nThis system seemed so good that the world enthusiastically accorded wholehearted support to it and its propounder. However, moderate cynicism is the first attribute of a great critic, and it was the greatly gifted Lord Asquith who wrote this steadying commentary on the supposedly changed order of things, \"The old diplomacy may be dead, but the old diplomats still live.\"\n\nJudging by the happenings in diplomatic circles during the past twenty-four hours, it would appear that the old diplomats are perpetual if not quite immortal. Lord Asquith was deplorably correct, and the masses of the world, so gloriously blind in their enthusiasms for reforms which have their inception in honour and truth and so childlike in the faith they repose in their leaders, were doomed to yet another cruel disillusionment. To-day, we are being treated to a demonstration of international infidelity sufficient to make even a hardened cynic blush. Apparently, even those who have, with a moral recklessness that is truly bewildering, dedicated their lives to the Moloch ways of secret diplomacy of the old and wicked order, have found it impossible, thanks to a vigilant Press, to keep their nefarious schemes from the peoples of the world, and it is common knowledge that, even before the vital Nine-Power Treaty Conference is held in Brussels next Saturday, herculean efforts are being made by certain nations to make the decision before the court sits.\n\nFor unalloyed unmorality, there is nothing to equal such conduct in modern times. One has to go away back to those distant and dismal days of Mediaevalism when the Borgias held sway to find anything even remotely resembling such deceit and conceit. It has been freely stated in the Press of the world that Italy, Germany, and Japan, regardless of the outcome of this conference to be held in Brussels and which is charged with such dynamic importance to the world and its peoples, have tacitly agreed to stand shoulder to shoulder to resist the advance of what is known as the Popular Front.\n\nThus far, nothing more definite than a series of suspiciously similar rumours have emanated from the chancellories, but the goings and comings of Ambassadors, at this particularly tragic stage in the world's history, cannot be without significance. Anything more preposterous than an alliance between Western Powers to support the ghastly policy of aggression so frightfully prosecuted by Japan against peace-loving China would be impossible to imagine.\n\nTo us, the significant point is that, no matter what may be said in favour of round-table conferences of the nations, such Conferences are worse than worthless—they are extravagances of the most prodigal character—if certain nations are to be permitted to take their places at such conferences when it is well known that beforehand they have made their decision and \"counted the heads.\" With things moving as they are at present, this is surely the time for those great Powers which have vital interests in the Pacific to snap out of their academic lethargy and get right down to practical facts.\n\n## CHINA OVERLAND TRADE REPORT\n\n603\n\n(Continued from page 602)\n\nTo us, it appears quite clear that it is not Japan's intention to desist until her merciless depredations of civilian life and property have given her an over-lordship of a very large portion of North China. That day shall never dawn if China stands true to herself. But the more this unprovoked but premeditated attack on China continues, Japan is furthering her scheme for crippling the Far East and then plundering one of the richest areas on the earth's surface.\n\nOne point, however, Japan seems to have completely overlooked. In the prosecution of this crippling campaign, Japan must cripple herself.\n\nIt is such madness which makes the brain reel! China will not surrender. Japan seems impotent to advance. The other Powers have slowly but surely swung-in behind China. Perhaps if a concerted effort were made now to bring Japan to a sense of her criminal folly, then the Far East would be spared the horror and worthlessness of this crippling policy—and even Japan might be saved from herself.\n\nA Japanese bomber on the Canton River after being shot down. (Photo, International News Agency Photonews).\n\n## CRIPPLING THE FAR EAST\n\n(Continued from page 602)\n\nSandbag outpost in Pootung, with Chinese sentry on duty.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 555300, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938", "page_number": 150, "title": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government, and should be returned to the Foreign Office if not required for official use.]\n\n163\n\n`(F.10452/4880/10)`\n\n**To JAPAN.**\n\nCode telegram to **Sir R. Craigie (Tokyo)**.\n\n**Foreign Office.** 8th December, 1937.\n\nNo. 550.\n\n**(R).**\n\n5.00 p.m.\n\nYour telegram No. 759 [Bombing of Asiatic Petroleum Company's oil-barge]. Japanese reply amounts to saying that Japanese aircraft will only comply with the rules of war if the circumstances are favourable. This is a totally inadmissible attitude which calls for the strongest protest.\n\nIn no circumstances are they entitled to disregard international law and if circumstances prevent them from verifying the status of any object which they contemplate attacking the only course open to them is to abstain from an attack. To attack without verification is both illegal and inhuman. His Majesty's Government cannot believe that such a course is not prohibited by the Japanese Government. An assurance that every care will be taken to prevent such incidents in the future is meaningless unless such attacks are prohibited.\n\nYou should make further emphatic representations on the above lines.\n\nPage 163", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 555521, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-563-18 Sino-Japanese War- stopping of British shipping by Japanese 11-9-1937 - 29-12-1937", "page_number": 158, "title": "CO129-563-18 Sino-Japanese War- stopping of British shipping by Japanese 11-9-1937 - 29-12-1937", "content_text": "# MESSAGE\n## 5-3838/61\n### 159\n\nFrom **Commodore, Hong Kong** \n**GE** \n**IN** \n**DATE** ... **23.9.37** \n**RECD** 1120 \n**FOREIGN OFFICE 'R' CODE**\n\nAddressed C. in C. China in FALMOUTH 698 repeated Admiralty 30, \nBritish Ambassador, Tokyo.\n\n30. My 2116 September 21st. St. Monance was carrying Hong Kong Government's lighthouse reliefs due to Government tug being wrecked in typhoon. \nCruiser hoisted international signal K to \"stop instantly\" followed three or four minutes later by signal \"I will be visiting you\" after boarding enquired regarding nationality of tug also Gap Rock and its residents. The reply that Gap Rock Lighthouse and its residents were British was obviously doubted. Questions also asked regarding power of wireless station and whether it communicated with Chinese territory. Japanese was informed that station was of low power for use as signal station of H.M.Government reporting weather.\n\nWhilst weighing tug lifted ends of old telegraph cable which was subject of questions. Reply given that cable was disused. \nManner and behaviour of boarding party were most polite. All questions asked were answered fully. \nOn departing the Japanese officer sent a bottle of whiskey to the tug master. I am of opinion that ordering of an Admiralty tug to stop instantly and subsequent boarding of the ship without seeking permission was an act of serious international discourtesy and warrants a strong protest, although probably the act of ill-informed officers.\n\n## No.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-563-18 Sino-Japanese War- stopping of British shipping by Japanese 11-9-1937 - 29-12-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 559160, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-568-9 Chung Chi Cheung- petition to appeal against decision of Hong Kong court 7-1-1938 - 28-12-1938", "page_number": 24, "title": "CO129-568-9 Chung Chi Cheung- petition to appeal against decision of Hong Kong court 7-1-1938 - 28-12-1938", "content_text": "Hong Kong water police came alongside in answer to the cruiser's signal. The police took the wounded officer and the accused to hospital. They took possession of the two revolvers with which the accused had armed himself, of the spent revolver bullets and expended shells, and of some unexpended cartridges. On 25th February, extradition proceedings were commenced against the accused on the requisition of the chairman of the Provincial Government of Kwangtung alleging murder and attempted murder on board the Chinese Customs cruiser within the jurisdiction of China while the said cruiser was approximately one mile off Futaumun (British waters).\" This appears to be an allegation that the vessel had not at the time reached British territorial waters. The fact that the crime was in reality committed within British waters is not now in dispute. After many adjournments the magistrate decided, on evidence called for the defence, that the accused was a British national and that the proceedings therefore failed. The accused was at once rearrested and charged with murder \"in the waters of this colony\" and duly committed. At the hearing before the magistrate and at the trial the acting chief officer and three of the crew of the Chinese cruiser were called as witnesses for the prosecution. Police witnesses produced and gave evidence as to the revolvers, cartridge cases and bullets. As has already been stated the accused was convicted and sentenced to death.\n\nOn the question of jurisdiction two theories have found favour with persons professing a knowledge of the principles of international law. One is that a public ship of a nation for all purposes either is or is to be treated by other nations as part of the territory of the nation to which she belongs. By this conception will be guided the domestic law of any country in whose territorial waters the ship finds herself. There will therefore be no jurisdiction in fact in any Court where jurisdiction depends upon the act in question or the party to the proceedings being done or found or resident in the local territory. The other theory is that a public ship in foreign waters is not and is not treated as territory of her own nation. The domestic Courts in accordance with principles of international law will accord to the ship and its crew and its contents certain immunities, some of which are well settled, though others are in dispute. In this view the immunities do not depend upon an objective extra-territoriality, but on implication of the domestic law. They are conditional and can in any case be waived by the nation to which the public ship belongs.\n\nTheir Lordships entertain no doubt that the latter is the correct conclusion. It more accurately and logically represents the agreements of nations which constitute international law and alone is consistent with the paramount necessity expressed in general terms for each nation to protect itself from internal disorder by trying and punishing offenders within its boundaries. It must be always remembered that so far at any rate as the Courts of this country are concerned international law has no validity save in so far as its principles are accepted and adopted by our own domestic law. There is no external power that imposes its rules upon our own code of substantive law or procedure. The Courts acknowledge the existence of a body of rules which nations accept amongst themselves. On any judicial issue they seek to ascertain what the relevant rule is, and having found it they will treat it as incorporated into the domestic law, so far as it is not inconsistent with rules enacted by statutes or finally declared by their tribunals. What then are the immunities of public ships of other nations accepted by our Courts and on what principle are they based?\n\nThe principle was expounded by that great jurist Chief Justice Marshall in The Exchange, 7 Cranch 116 (1812), a judgment which has illumined the jurisprudence of the world:\n\n\"The jurisdiction of the Courts is a branch of that which is possessed by the nation as an independent sovereign power. The jurisdiction of the nation within its own territory is necessarily exclusive and absolute. It is susceptible of no limitation not imposed by itself. All exceptions therefore to the full and complete power of a nation within its own territories, must be traced up to the consent of the nation itself. They can flow from no other legitimate source. This consent may be either express or implied. In the latter case it is less determinate, exposed more to the uncertainties of construction but if understood not less obligatory. The world being composed of distinct sovereignties possessing equal rights and equal independence whose mutual benefit is promoted by intercourse with each other, and by an interchange of those good offices which humanity dictates, and its wants require, all sovereigns have consented to a relaxation in practice in cases under certain peculiar circumstances of that absolute and complete jurisdiction within their respective territories which sovereignty confers.\n\nThis perfect equality and absolute independence of sovereigns and this common interest impelling them to mutual intercourse and an interchange of good offices with each other have given rise to a class of cases in which every sovereign is understood to waive the exercise of a part of that complete exclusive territorial jurisdiction which has been stated to be the attribute of every nation.\"\n\nThe Chief Justice then proceeds to illustrate the class of cases to which he has referred. He takes first the exemption of the person of the sovereign from arrest or detention within a foreign territory. \"Second, standing on the same principles as the first is the immunity which all civilised states allow to foreign ministers'\n\nWhatever may be the principle on which this immunity is established whether we consider him as in the place of the sovereign he represents or by a political fiction suppose him to be extra-territorial and therefore in point of law not within the jurisdiction of the sovereign at whose court he resides; still the immunity itself is granted by the governing power of the nation to which the minister is deputed. This fiction of extra-territoriality could not be erected and supported against the will of the sovereign of the territory. He is supposed to assent to it.\"\n\nThe judgment then proceeds to the third case \"in which a sovereign is understood to cede a portion of his territorial jurisdiction,\" namely, \"where he allows the troops of a foreign power to pass through his dominions.\" The Chief", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-568-9 Chung Chi Cheung- petition to appeal against decision of Hong Kong court 7-1-1938 - 28-12-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 559167, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-568-9 Chung Chi Cheung- petition to appeal against decision of Hong Kong court 7-1-1938 - 28-12-1938", "page_number": 31, "title": "CO129-568-9 Chung Chi Cheung- petition to appeal against decision of Hong Kong court 7-1-1938 - 28-12-1938", "content_text": "34\n\n2\n\nHong Kong water police came alongside in answer to the cruiser's signal. The police took the wounded officer and the accused to hospital. They took possession of the two revolvers with which the accused had armed himself, of the spent revolver bullets and expended shells, and of some unexpended cartridges. On 25th February, extradition proceedings were commenced against the accused on the requisition of the chairman of the Provincial Government of Kwangtung alleging murder and attempted murder on board the Chinese Customs cruiser \"within the jurisdiction of China while the said cruiser was approximately one mile off Futaumun (British waters).\" appears to be an allegation that the vessel had not at the time reached British territorial waters. The fact that the crime was in reality committed within British waters is not now in dispute. After many adjournments the magistrate decided, on evidence called for the defence, that the accused was a British national and that the proceedings therefore failed. The accused was at once rearrested and charged with murder in the waters of this colony\" and duly committed. At the hearing before the magistrate and at the trial the acting chief officer and three of the crew of the Chinese cruiser were called as witnesses for the prosecution. Police witnesses produced and gave evidence as to the revolvers, cartridge cases and bullets. As has already been stated the accused was convicted and sentenced to death.\n\nOn the question of jurisdiction two theories have found favour with persons professing a knowledge of the principles of international law. One is that a public ship of a nation for all purposes either is or is to be treated by other nations as part of the territory of the nation to which she belongs. By this conception will be guided the domestic law of any country in whose territorial waters the ship finds herself. There will therefore be no jurisdiction in fact in any Court where jurisdiction depends upon the act in question or the party to the proceedings being done or found or resident in the local territory. The other theory is that a public ship in foreign waters is not and is not treated as territory of her own nation. The domestic Courts in accordance with principles of international law will accord to the ship and its crew and its contents certain immunities, some of which are well settled, though others are in dispute. In this view the immunities do not depend upon an objective extra-territoriality, but on implication of the domestic law. They are conditional and can in any case be waived by the nation to which the public ship belongs.\n\nTheir Lordships entertain no doubt that the latter is the correct conclusion. It more accurately and logically represents the agreements of nations which constitute international law and alone is consistent with the paramount necessity expressed in general terms for each nation to protect itself from internal disorder by trying and punishing offenders within its boundaries. It must be always remembered that so far at any rate as the Courts of this country are concerned international law has no validity save in so far as its principles are accepted and adopted by our own domestic law. There is no external power that imposes its rules upon our own code of substantive law or procedure. The Courts acknowledge the existence of a body of rules which nations accept amongst themselves. On any judicial issue they seek to ascertain what the relevant rule is, and having found it they will treat it as incorporated into the domestic law, so far as it is not inconsistent with rules enacted by statutes or finally declared by their tribunals. What then are the immunities of public ships of other nations accepted by our Courts and on what principle are they based?\n\nThe principle was expounded by that great jurist Chief Justice Marshall in The Exchange, 7 Cranch 116 (1812), a judgment which has illumined the jurisprudence of the world:\n\n\"The jurisdiction of the Courts is a branch of that which is possessed by the nation as an independent sovereign power. The jurisdiction of the nation within its own territory is necessarily exclusive and absolute. It is susceptible of no limitation not imposed by itself... All exceptions therefore to the full and complete power of a nation within its own territories, must be traced up to the consent of the nation itself. They can flow from no other legitimate source. This consent may be either express or implied. In the latter case it is less determinate, exposed more to the uncertainties of construction: but if understood not less obligatory. The world being composed of distinct sovereignties possessing equal rights and equal independence whose mutual benefit is promoted by intercourse with each other, and by an interchange of those good offices which humanity dictates, and its wants require, all sovereigns have consented to a relaxation in practice in cases under certain peculiar circumstances of that absolute and complete jurisdiction within their respective territories which sovereignty confers.\n\n\"This perfect equality and absolute independence of sovereigns and this common interest impelling them to mutual intercourse and an interchange of good offices with each other have given rise to a class of cases in which every sovereign is understood to waive the exercise of a part of that complete exclusive territorial jurisdiction which has been stated to be the attribute of every nation.\"\n\nThe Chief Justice then proceeds to illustrate the class of cases to which he has referred. He takes first \"the exemption of the person of the sovereign from arrest or detention within a foreign territory.\" Second, \"standing on the same principles as the first is the immunity which all civilised states allow to foreign ministers\":\n\n\"Whatever may be the principle on which this immunity is established whether we consider him as in the place of the sovereign he represents or by a political fiction suppose him to be extra-territorial and therefore in point of law not within the jurisdiction of the sovereign at whose court he resides; still the immunity itself is granted by the governing power of the nation to which the minister is deputed. This fiction of extra-territoriality could not be erected and supported against the will of the sovereign of the territory. He is supposed to assent to it.\"\n\nThe judgment then proceeds to the third case \"in which a sovereign is understood to cede a portion of his territorial jurisdiction,\" namely, where he allows the troops of a foreign power to pass through his dominions.\" The Chief\n\n13804\n\nA 2\n\n3", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-568-9 Chung Chi Cheung- petition to appeal against decision of Hong Kong court 7-1-1938 - 28-12-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 559761, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-57 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [7]", "page_number": 25, "title": "CO129-57 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [7]", "content_text": "22\n\nhis Diplomatic expertise, he has to the direction of taste for Foreign Affairs. They differ from three of Mr. Bridges.\n\nBent in the main purport of Mr. Bridges's letter entirely remains only doubting whether this quota Boats with suffice, and whether weekly Enquiry's run may not be easily.\n\n! the activity which Meet His his departure, and In communicated them to the pay\n\ncarrival\n\nresults\n\nhere, interested amongst the revels of the squadron in the suppression of piracy is sensibly diminished. The opinion expressed by Mr. Bridges as to the international difficulty of interference with the Islanders, is also mine. It will not be hard to prove that it is\n\nby\n\nall that of their nominal Emperor At all events it is sanctioned the enforcing letter of the code!\n\nI have, Bey,\n\n(Signed) I. Chisholm Anstey,\n\nAttorney-General.\n\nTrue Copy When", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-57 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 561752, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-571-18 League of Nations- medical aid for China and reduced cable rates 8-2-1938 - 30-1-1939", "page_number": 73, "title": "CO129-571-18 League of Nations- medical aid for China and reduced cable rates 8-2-1938 - 30-1-1939", "content_text": "## C.O.\n\nMr. Bacili 2 \n24 \n\nMr. \nMr. \nSir H. Moore. \nSir G. Tomlinson. \nSir C. Bottomley. \nSir J. Shuckburgh. \nPermi. U.S. of S. \nParly. U.S. of S. \nSecretary of State. \nRutt. \n\n**DRAFT** \n\nFr. Hong Kong \n25. \n**FURTHER ACTION**. \nComm At.. \nCopy to \nFO \n32 \n\n53863 \n33. \nCoded & sent \nM2 169 \n11.0pm. \n24.8.38 THW \n31 \nC.m R 25 AUG \n\nRepresentations have been made to the International Red Cross, representations which I have made in obtaining delivery... in the absence of a mention signed by the Supt. Communicated to...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-571-18 League of Nations- medical aid for China and reduced cable rates 8-2-1938 - 30-1-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 561828, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-571-3 Sino-Japanese War- allegations against Hankow International Red Cross Committee 25-3-1938 - 10-11-1938", "page_number": 24, "title": "CO129-571-3 Sino-Japanese War- allegations against Hankow International Red Cross Committee 25-3-1938 - 10-11-1938", "content_text": "**NO DISTRIBUTION**\n\nCode telegram to Mr. Foreign Office.\n\nGreenway (Hankow).\n\n1st September, 1938.\n\n10.30 p.m.\n\nNo. 78. (R).\n\nPlease ask Dr. Maxwell to show you copy of enclosure in his air mail letter to Mr. Moss of August 6th regarding charges against Hankow International Red Cross Committee. Malicious accusations of this sort may do considerable harm and I think it important to prevent their repetition.\n\nBest course would seem to me to be for His Majesty's Ambassador as one Honorary President to write personally to Governor as the other suggesting to him desirability of securing withdrawal of charges by Mrs. Selwyn Clarke if she has not already done this and taking such measures as seem to him appropriate against source from which she obtained the story.\n\nUnless you or Dr. Maxwell see objection, I think you should furnish His Majesty's Ambassador with material for suggested letter or, if that is very difficult, yourself address a private letter to Governor.\n\nRepeated to Shanghai No. 778 and Hongkong.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-571-3 Sino-Japanese War- allegations against Hankow International Red Cross Committee 25-3-1938 - 10-11-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566268, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-11-2 Sino-Japanese War- seizure of unauthorized wireless transmitting apparatus 13-2-1939 - 7-5-1940", "page_number": 41, "title": "CO129-579-11-2 Sino-Japanese War- seizure of unauthorized wireless transmitting apparatus 13-2-1939 - 7-5-1940", "content_text": "6\n\n41\n\n(No.232) Copies of correspondence between Carlowitz & Co. (address not stated) and the Central Trust of China re \"Barrel Explosions on 27.5 cm Bofors A.A. Guns\" dated 19.4.39.\n\n(No.224) Copy of telegram from T.T. Shen, Haiphong dated 18th September 1939. In French.\n\n(No.231) Copies of correspondence between D.F. Myer, Technical Adviser, Central Trust of China, Chungking, and Mr. L.K. Kung, re use of Charcoal Producer Gas for Motor Trucks. (May 1939)\n\n(No.1311) Code System for 1937-1939.\n\n(No.1305) Letter from Freiherr von STEIN, adviser, Salt Revenue, Tuyan, to Mr. L.K. Kung, 4 Hart Avenue, Kowloon, dated 20.3.39, re re-organisation of Salt Revenue Guards.\n\n(No.1001) List of \"Friends of China\" in England, China and U.S.A.\n\nSTEEL CABINET NO.2\n\nSecond Drawer. (No.4309) Letter from O. CUEVAS, The International Corporation, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York to Central Trust of China, Room 7, Hongkong re Shipment of 81 mm Trench Mortar and 500 rds. amm from New York to Rangoon by SS. DEEBANK (Dated 19.7.39)\n\n(Unnumbered) October 1938; Papers re German Barter Agreement 1934 Agreement by German Govt. to extend credit of 100 million Reichsmark to Central Bank of China to be replenished by shipment of raw materials from China to Germany.\n\n(401) Copies of telegrams to \"Sinohand Herlin\" in code (1938-1939)\n\n(No.333a) Copies of correspondence between KUNG LING KAI, Hongkong and Chinese Embassy, Washington D.C., re Financial arrangements for purchase from U.S.A. of aeroplanes and parts. (Dated 1938-1939)\n\n(No.316) Copies of correspondence between KUNG LING KAI, Central Trust of China Chungking, and MIX & GENEST, Far", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-11-2 Sino-Japanese War- seizure of unauthorized wireless transmitting apparatus 13-2-1939 - 7-5-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 567615, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-580-2 Sino-Japanese War- British policy and reactions in Hong Kong and Malaya 27-7-1939 - 3-2-1940", "page_number": 94, "title": "CO129-580-2 Sino-Japanese War- British policy and reactions in Hong Kong and Malaya 27-7-1939 - 3-2-1940", "content_text": "-22-\n\nCVII.\n\n94\n\nThe meeting passed a resolution that telegrams, of the same wording as that sent to various parliamentarians by Mr. Tan Kah Kee, see above be sent to leaders in Great Britain. The choice of recipients of the telegrams was left to the discretion of Mr. Tan Kah Kee and his legal advisers. (Note: The legal work of the Singapore China Relief Fund Committee is done by Mr. Richard Chuan Hoe Lim, a Penang-born barrister and a member of the Singapore Municipal Commission.)\n\nOn the 26th July, the Union Times published a telegram received by the Singapore Chinese Consulate-General from the Chinese Foreign Ministry stating that, as a signatory of the Nine-Power Treaty, Britain would abide by the international code by upholding right and would not surrender to might. Overseas Chinese should not believe the malicious propaganda issued by the Japanese militarists and should do their best to promote friendly relations with other countries.\n\nMeetings of Chinese representatives of public bodies were held in the principal towns throughout Malaya, in Penang on the 26th, in Kuala Lumpur and Malacca on the 27th, and in Ipoh on the 30th. The Negri Sembilan China Relief Fund Committee proposed to call a similar meeting on the 30th July but the proposal was dropped when the contents of the telegram from the Chinese Foreign Office to the Chinese Consul-General became known.\n\nThe Penang meeting decided to send four telegrams; one to Chiang Kai Shek, one to Mr. Chamberlain, the third to the China Campaign Movement in London and the fourth to the leading London newspapers. The last three were sent through the Chinese Ambassador in London. The texts of the telegrams were as follows:-", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-580-2 Sino-Japanese War- British policy and reactions in Hong Kong and Malaya 27-7-1939 - 3-2-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570882, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-5 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping on Pearl River 3-1-1940 - 25-8-1940", "page_number": 112, "title": "CO129-585-5 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping on Pearl River 3-1-1940 - 25-8-1940", "content_text": "112 \n\n## ENCLOSURE NO. 2 IN CANTON DESPATCH No. 30 of 5/1/1940 to B.E. SHANGHAI.\n\n### THE TEMPORARY REGULATION OF THE PEARL RIVER PILOTAGE SERVICE.\n\n#### Article 1\nThe Pilotage service on the Pearl River is placed under the administration of the Japanese Army and Navy and enforced in accordance with the regulations contained herein.\n\n#### Article 2\nThe Regulations are inapplicable to Japanese warship and Military chartered vessel. Pilots on non-official staff of the Army or the Navy serve for the time being as pilots.\n\n#### Article 3\nAny person without the above qualification is not permitted to pilot a vessel within the limits of the Pilotage Ground of the Pearl River.\n\n#### Article 4\nShould the Captain or the Commanding Officer of a vessel wish to engage Pilot in day time he has to exhibit the signal (G) in accordance with the International Signal Code and in night time to emit blue flame every 15 minutes or to exhibit red and white lamps in vertical sequence.\n\n#### Article 5\nUpon seeing the signal requesting Pilot, Pilot has to endeavour promptly to meet the request under instruction of the Army and the Navy.\n\n#### Article 6\nUpon boarding a vessel, Pilot is required to inform the Captain or the Commanding Officer of the vessel of his name and his being a Pilot.\n\n#### Article 7\nUpon receiving a Pilot aboard the vessel, the Captain or Commanding Officer is required to remove the signal for Pilot and to inform him of the draught of the vessel and kind and quantity of cargo on board, and, if the vessel is non-Japanese, the Captain or Commanding Officer is required to inform him of the name of the Vessel, and her owner, the port of registration and the carrying capacity of the vessel, etc., in addition to the informations required above.\n\n#### Article 8\nWhen the Pilot has guided the vessel and reached the destination, the Captain or the Commanding Officer is required to hand over to the Pilot the Certificate of Form No. 1 attached to this regulation duly filled in, signed and chopped by him.\n\n#### Article 9\nThe limits of the Pilotage Ground of the Pearl River are defined as from a line drawn across the River at Chuen Pi Point up to the berth in the Port of Canton, excluding Whampoa. The Regulation does not debar any vessel with a tonnage of less than 500 gross tonnage or less than 8 feet draught from navigating without the Pilot on the above-mentioned Pilotage Ground. The way of transaction of the Pilotage Service on the waterway below the line drawn across the River at Chuen Pi Point will be provided in other regulations.\n\n#### Article 10\nPilotage fee is charged to the Captain or the Commanding Officer of the vessel piloted in accordance with the Tariff, prescribed in the following article, except in case of Japanese warship or Military chartered vessel.\n\n#### Article 11", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-5 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping on Pearl River 3-1-1940 - 25-8-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570883, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-5 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping on Pearl River 3-1-1940 - 25-8-1940", "page_number": 113, "title": "CO129-585-5 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping on Pearl River 3-1-1940 - 25-8-1940", "content_text": "## Article 11\n\n### A.\n\nThe Pilotage Tariff is as follows:\n\nThe sum of Pilotage calculated according to the following tariffs is charged:\n\n1. HK$0.05 per 1 gross tonnage or less.\n2. HK$6.00 per 1 feet (0.3 m) draught or less.\n\n3. Should the vessel of less than 500 gross tonnage or less than 8 feet draught wish to hire a Pilot, the Pilotage fee is charged the same as for a vessel of 500 gross tonnage or of 8 feet draught.\n\n### C. \nDefinition of the word \"draught\" is the deepest draught of the vessel's bow or stern shown during the Pilot's service aboard the vessel.\n\nOne displacement tonnage is considered in this regulation as equal to 60/100th of one gross tonnage.\n\n### D.\n\n### E.\nIn case of vessel or vessels towed by towboat, 80/100th of the Pilotage fee for the biggest vessel is charged for every towed vessel in addition to the fee for the towboat.\n\n### F.\nThe Pilotage fee for shifting a vessel's berth is charged at the rate of M.Y.30.00 per service.\n\n### F. \nPilotage fee is payable in Hongkong currency, but outgoing vessel must pay in Japanese Military Yen at the same rate.\n\n## Article 12\n\nShould a Pilot be retained 12 hours or more than 12 hours aboard a vessel drifting or staying through no fault of his own, he shall be entitled to a compensation of H.K.$30.00 from the vessel on which he is acting as Pilot. (At the rate of HK$30. per each 12 hour-period).\n\n## Article 13\nIn case a pilot is on duty on board a Pilot boat, he shall fly the Pilot Flag of the International Signal Code in the day time, and exhibit, in the night time, the lamp and signal indicating the Pilot boat in accordance with the regulations prescribed in the Treaties for the Prevention of Maritime Collision.\n\n## Article 14\nAny person not a Pilot is not permitted to fly the Pilot Flag or any such analogous flag, to exhibit the lamp and signal prescribed in the Treaties for the Prevention of Maritime Collision, or to use vessel resembling a Pilot boat.\n\n## Article 15\nIn order to render efficient Pilotage service to vessels other than Japanese warship or Military chartered vessel Pilots shall form the association of the Pearl River Pilots. The Association shall transact the Pilotage business in conformity with its regulation under the supervision of the Japanese Army and Navy.\n\n## Article 16\nThe President of the Association will be appointed by the Japanese Army and Navy.\n\n## Article 17\nA Pilot in charge of any vessel meeting an accident shall report the occurrence to the competent Authorities without delay, stating all its details.\n\n/Article 18", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-5 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping on Pearl River 3-1-1940 - 25-8-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570886, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-5 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping on Pearl River 3-1-1940 - 25-8-1940", "page_number": 116, "title": "CO129-585-5 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping on Pearl River 3-1-1940 - 25-8-1940", "content_text": "# ENCLOSURE NO.3. in Canton Despatch No.30 of 5th February, 1940, to British Embassy, Shanghai.\n\n## Article No.1.\n\n**TRANSLATION FROM THE JAPANESE VERSION OF THE PROVISIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PEARL RIVER PILOTAGE.**\n\nThe affairs concerning pilotage of the Pearl River are to be under the jurisdiction of the Army and Navy and the enforcement of the pilotage is founded on these regulations.\n\n## Article No.2.\n\nThese regulations do not apply to warships of the Imperial Navy nor to requisitioned and chartered vessels of the Army and Navy. For the time being, pilots will be assigned from members of the non-official staff of the Army and Navy.\n\n## Article No.3.\n\nPersons who are not pilots will not be permitted to have vessels under their guidance in the district of the Pilotage Zone of the Pearl River.\n\n## Article No.4.\n\nVessels wishing to engage pilots during the daytime are to exhibit the Pilot's Signal \"G\" prescribed in the International Signal Code, and during the night-time, such vessels are to emit a blue (? also means green) flame at intervals of 15 minutes or to hoist 2 red and white lights in top-bottom order.\n\n## Article No.5.\n\nWhen the pilot recognizes the Pilot Signal he shall endeavour to answer promptly the requirement as indicated by the Army and Navy.\n\n## Article No.6.\n\nWhen the pilot embarks the vessel for the purpose of guiding its water course, he shall inform the master of his name and of the fact that he is a pilot.\n\n## Article No.7.\n\nWhen the pilot embarks the vessel for the purpose of guiding its water course, the master shall withdraw the Pilot Signal and inform the pilot of the ship's draught and the amount and kind of the cargo; in the case of a foreign vessel, the master shall advise the pilot, in addition to the above information, of the details regarding the ship's name, the name of the owner, the name of the port of registry and the ship's tonnage.\n\n## Article No.8.\n\nAt the time the pilot has completed guiding the vessel on its water course, the master shall fill out the attached certificate \"Form No.1\" and sign and seal the necessary items. This certificate must then be delivered to the Pilot.\n\n## Article No.9.\n\nThe Pearl River pilotage zone extends from Chuen Pe Chiao to the harbour of Canton (excluding Whampoa); in this pilotage zone vessels exceeding 500 gross tons or exceeding 8 feet draught are subject to compulsory regulations. However, for the zone south of Chuen Pe Chiao, separate regulations are being promulgated.\n\n## Article No.10.\n\nIn the case of pilotage of warships and vessels other than Imperial warships and requisitioned and chartered vessels of the Army and Navy, the fees based on these regulations will be levied.\n\n## Article No.11.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-5 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping on Pearl River 3-1-1940 - 25-8-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570887, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-5 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping on Pearl River 3-1-1940 - 25-8-1940", "page_number": 117, "title": "CO129-585-5 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping on Pearl River 3-1-1940 - 25-8-1940", "content_text": "# Article No. 11.\n\n1. \n2. \nB \n4. \n5. \n6. \n7.\n\nPilotage fees will be charged according to the following:\n\n- Pilotage fees are understood to be computed on the undermentioned values:\n a. \n b. \n On the ratio of 5 cents Hongkong Currency per one ton or less of the gross tonnage.\n On the ratio of 6 Dollars Hongkong Currency per one foot (0.3 metres) or less of draught.\n\n| Criteria | Rate |\n| --- | --- |\n| Gross Tonnage | 5 cents Hongkong Currency per ton or less |\n| Draught | 6 Dollars Hongkong Currency per foot (0.3 metres) or less |\n\nPilotage fees for vessels of under 500 tons of gross tonnage or under 8 feet of draught are identical to the fees for vessels of 500 tons of gross tonnage or of 8 feet draught.\n\nBy draught is meant the deepest draught of the vessel at bow and stern between the time the pilot embarks the vessel for the purpose of guiding its water course and the time when this guidance is completed.\n\nPilotage fees for vessels showing greatest displacement tonnage will be computed on the basis of 60/100th of the gross tonnage.\n\nIn the case of tow-boats, pilotage fees will be computed on each vessel at the rate of 80/100th of the pilotage fee for the largest vessel.\n\nIn the case of changing of anchorages, the pilotage fee will be 30 Military Notes for each occasion.\n\nPilotage fees will be charged on the basis of Hongkong Currency. However, vessels leaving the harbour will be charged on the basis of Military Notes.\n\n## Article No. 12. \nIn the event that subsequent to the embarkation of the pilot for the purpose of guiding the water course, an accident occurs through the vessel's fault and results in a stoppage or drifting of over 12 hours, the vessel concerned shall pay an additional sum of Hongkong $30 as indemnity.\n\n## Article No. 13. \nIn order that the pilot may pursue his duties, the Pilot Flag of the International Signal Code shall be hoisted on the pilot boat during the daytime, and lights or signals prescribed for pilot boats by the Rules for the Prevention of Maritime Collisions shall be shown at night.\n\n## Article No. 14. \nPersons who are not pilots shall not hoist the Pilots' Flag nor any analogous flag nor make use of the lights and signals provided for by the Rules for the Prevention of Maritime Collisions nor make use of any vessel that might be mistaken for the Pilot Boat.\n\n## Article No. 15. \nFor the purpose of smoothly executing the pilots' duties on warships and vessels other than Imperial warships and vessels requisitioned or chartered by the Army and Navy, pilots shall form a Pearl River Pilots Association and shall contract an agreement and enforce their duties.\n\n## Article No. 16.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-5 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping on Pearl River 3-1-1940 - 25-8-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 572489, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-588-22 China- British territorial rights; negotiations with China 28-12-1942 - 10-11-1943", "page_number": 70, "title": "CO129-588-22 China- British territorial rights; negotiations with China 28-12-1942 - 10-11-1943", "content_text": "# With the Compliments \nof the \nUnder Secretary of State \nColonial Office (N.B. L. Monson tag)..\n\n**DEPARTMENTAL NO.** | **RECEIVE** | **DATE**\n---------|----------|--------\n | | 2 8 FEB 1343 \n\n**FROM CHUNGKING TO FOREIGN OFFICE** | **DATE**\n-------------------------|--------\n | 1- MAR1943.\n\n`F.1149/1/10` [**CYPHER**]\n\nSir E. Teichman,\n\n**No.239** | **DATE**\n--------|--------\n | 25th February, 1943 \n\n**D.** 6.20 p.m. | **R.** 5.40 a.m. | **O. O. REQY** | **DATE**\n--------|--------|--------|--------\n | | | 25th February, 1943 \n | | | 26th February, 1943 \n\nRepeated Saving to Government of India.\n\nX X X X \n\n**MOST SECRET** \n**USUAL DISTRIBUTION**\n\n| Code | \n|------|\n| ᄌ |\n| alt |\n| 55 |\n| 82 |\n\nMy telegram No.223.\n\nReuter here has published two reports; first a Vichy broadcast dated February 23rd announcing that French Government have decided to relinquish their legal privilege on this question as well as French rights in Peking diplomatic quarters and in International Settlements and French Concessions and that they would give effect to this decision as soon as possible; and second a Tokyo broadcast stating that the French Government had notified Nanking Government of their decision to abolish French extra-territorial rights and return French Concessions to China.\n\n2. Following information in above connexion was furnished by Vice Minister for Foreign Affairs in course of conversation on February 25th. Japanese had brought pressure to bear on the French who had hoped to get out of their dilemma by making a unilateral declaration addressed to no one in particular. evidently had not satisfied the Japanese.\n\n3. On February 24th Chinese official news agency published text of note addressed the same day by Chinese Government to French Chargé d'Affaires calling attention to the occupation of Kuangchowwan Leased Territory by Japanese armed forces on February 17th and to announcement issued by Japanese military headquarters on February 22nd stating that Japanese military forces had entered Leased Territory after having reached agreement with French authorities. Note protests against tacit acquiescence [... of] French Government in this Occupation by armed forces of Japan without informing the Chinese Government, states that the agreement of 1899 has been rendered null and void, and reserves all Chinese rights in that connexion. News agency goes on to quote text of the spokesman as declaring the lease agreement had been violated and that China was no longer bound thereby. According to same news agency Tokyo radio announced that agreement for Franco-Japanese joint defence of Kuangchowwan was signed on February 21st between French administrator of Leased Territory and the Japanese authorities.\n\n4. Vice Minister for Foreign Affairs said that he assumed this move was connected with French démarche regarding concessions. Chinese Government had hitherto found it useful, on account of affairs of Indo-China to maintain diplomatic link with Vichy; but he could not say what would now be the reactions of /Chiang\n\nPage 70\nPage 71", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-588-22 China- British territorial rights; negotiations with China 28-12-1942 - 10-11-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 572683, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-588-23 China- British extra-territorial rights- negotiations with China 28-3-1942 - 27-11-1942", "page_number": 117, "title": "CO129-588-23 China- British extra-territorial rights- negotiations with China 28-3-1942 - 27-11-1942", "content_text": "Ref: F.O. `F1204/828/10`\n\nof \n\nOct \n\n**Colonial Office** \nOffice 68 \n\n[This Document is the Property of **Hannic Majesty's Government**, and kept \nWith the Complimenta \nof under Lock and Key.] \n\n**Under Secretary of State** \n[CODE (R)] for **Forgian Affairs**\n\n**DISTRIBUTION:** \n`F186/828/10` \n5 NOV 1942 \n\nFROM: **CHINA** \n1.. \nFROM **CHUNGKING** TO **FOREIGN OFFICE** \n117 \n\nSir H. Seymour \nR. \nD. 12.00 a.m. 9.05 p.m. \n21st October, 1942 21st October, 1942 \n\nNo. 1444 \n21st October, 1942 \n\nRECEIVED \n\nMy telegram No. 1429. \n\nEditorial in leading Chinese newspaper Takungpao of October 19th discusses in friendly spirit probable contents of proposed new treaties and question what is meant by the abolition of extra-territorial and related questions. It is urged that all rights and interests not in keeping with the principles of equality in International Law should be eliminated. Editorial proceeds to list privileges which still remain to be abolished including Consular jurisdiction of concessions, leased territories, such as Kowloon, military and other rights under the 1901 protocol, Whangpoo and Peiho river conservancy, arrangements for coastal and inland navigation, rights of foreign warships in Chinese waters, foreign commitments in customs, rights of missionaries, unilateral most favoured nation privileges etc. Referring to reply to Parliamentary Question of October 14th, which is alleged to have aroused much speculation it is admitted that cession of Hong Kong is a different matter and one which can be dealt with separately. It is, however, assumed that Mr. Law's reply indicated readiness to give up all other privileges including Kowloon. Article goes on to urge that transitional arrangements are unnecessary and that abolition of unequal treaties must be finally and completely ... settled.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-588-23 China- British extra-territorial rights- negotiations with China 28-3-1942 - 27-11-1942.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 572772, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-588-23 China- British extra-territorial rights- negotiations with China 28-3-1942 - 27-11-1942", "page_number": 206, "title": "CO129-588-23 China- British extra-territorial rights- negotiations with China 28-3-1942 - 27-11-1942", "content_text": "**[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government, and should be kept under Lock and Key.]**\n\nCopy \n\n`[CODE (R)]`\n\nAnnex \n\n55104 42 17. \n\nEastern POLITICAL DISTRIBUTION \n\n31 \n\n'204 \n\nFROM: CHINA \n\nFROM CHUNGKING TO FOREIGN OFFICE \n\nSir H. Seymour \n\nNo. 1444 \n\nR. \n\n21st October, 1942 \n\nD. 12.00 a.m. 9.05 p.m. \n\n21st October, 1942 21st October, 1942 \n\n## My telegram No. 1429.\n\nEditorial in leading Chinese newspaper Takungpao of October 19th discusses in friendly spirit probable contents of proposed new treaties and question what is meant by the abolition of extra-territorial and related questions. It is urged that all rights and interests not in keeping with the principles of equality in International Law should be eliminated. Editorial proceeds to list privileges which still remain to be abolished including Consular jurisdiction of concessions, leased territories, such as Kowloon, military and other rights under the 1901 protocol, Whangpoo and Peiho river conservancy, arrangements for coastal and inland navigation, rights of foreign warships in Chinese waters, foreign commitments in customs, rights of missionaries, unilateral most favoured nation privileges etc. Referring to reply to Parliamentary Question of October 14th, which is alleged to have aroused much speculation it is admitted that cession of Hong Kong is a different matter and one which can be dealt with separately. It is, however, assumed that Mr. Law's reply indicated readiness to give up all other privileges including Kowloon. Article goes on to urge that transitional arrangements are unnecessary and that abolition of unequal treaties must be finally and completely ... settled.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-588-23 China- British extra-territorial rights- negotiations with China 28-3-1942 - 27-11-1942.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575623, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 265, "title": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "## COPY (CODE) **POLITICAL DISTRIBUTION**\n\nFROM: **PORTUGAL** \nFROM **LISBON TO FOREIGN OFFICE** \n264 \n**Sir R. Campbell No.223** \nD. R. \n10. 0 p.m. 2nd February, 1942. \n1.20 a.m. 3rd February, 1942. \n2nd February, 1942.\n\nFollowing received from Macao.\n\n(Begins). \nNo.8 of January 29th, \nPlease communicate following to Foreign Office as my telegram No.6.\n\nMiss P. Harrap, Office of Commissioner of Police and Colonial Secretary, Hong Kong, escaped to Macao with considerable news of the conditions and individuals.\n\n2. Europeans now nearly all interned with little rice and water only and occasional scraps of other food, including Sir Arthur and Lady Blackburn, former of whom still seriously ill. Dysentery now started in military camps, description as follows:- \"Dying, like flies\". Japanese so far refused Swiss Consul's attempts to get International Red Cross operating in Hong Kong. It is most important to attempt to start International Red Cross work.\n\n3. 10 days after the capitulation wounded were still being collected from the hills etc. No permission is granted yet to collect European dead, 17 Royal Scots found shot, their hands tied behind back and other similar cases.\n\n4. One entire Chinese district declared brothel regardless of classes of residents. Many European women raped; some afterwards shot or bayoneted.\n\n5.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578578, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-1 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-11-1945 - 7-3-1946", "page_number": 34, "title": "CO129-592-1 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-11-1945 - 7-3-1946", "content_text": "All funds for this account were kept by Dr. Selwyn-Clarke. Japanese Authorities removed his cash at time of his arrest.\n\nLate in January, 1943, the International Red Cross took over payments to bona-fide dependants of internees and prisoners-of-war.\n\nNO.4 ACCOUNT\n\nCash to Civilians and Prisoners-of-War.\n\nNo proper records of this account were kept as it was too dangerous to set them out in proper form as cash sent to prisoners-of-war camps was taken in unofficially. Cash borrowed from the Hong Kong Bank was at the rate of 4HKS to 1M.Y.\n\nHowever, I can remember that M.Y.23,650 (i.e. HK$94,600) was sent to Government Servants in STANLEY and passed on to Mr. E.W. Pudney.\n\nI cannot remember how much was sent to Prisoners-of-War Camps, but I do know that the balance with me at the time of Dr. Selwyn-Clarke's arrest was HK$4,400.00 (M.Y.1,100.00) and that the sum of HK$31,760.00 (M.Y.7,940.00) was owed to Dr. Selwyn-Clarke and that I intended getting sufficient cash from the Hong Kong Bankers to repay Dr. Selwyn-Clarke. He had to seize every opportunity of sending cash to Shamshuipo Camp and was unable to wait until he could get it from me.\n\nThe loan of HK$10,000.00 for sending to Prisoners-of-War Camps was also received from Mr. E. Landau (Approved by Hon. Colonial Secretary).\n\nThe record I was keeping in a code, known only to myself, was destroyed as soon as I was informed by Dr. Selwyn-Clarke that the Japanese were in the building looking for him.\n\nNO.5 ACCOUNT\n\nWhen the Foreign Auxiliary funds which were used for the purchase of Milk for Camps (See Account No.9) were exhausted the sum of HK$40,000.00 was borrowed from the Hong Kong Bank and used so that this service should not be discontinued.\n\nNO.6 ACCOUNT\n\nNo balance.\n\nA reserve of HK$80,000 (M.Y.20,000.00) was kept hidden in the French Hospital to be available at any time in case the Red Cross Delegate was unable to keep up payments to dependants. This cash which was received from Hong Kong Bank was left with Sister Camille of the French Hospital to be given to Miss Helen Ho for sending parcels to the Prisoners-of-War Hospital. Miss Ho received this money and used it as directed. See letter attached from Dr. P.C. Lai and Miss Helen Ho.\n\nIn addition, Dr. P.C. Lai borrowed M.Y. 20,000.00. (See attached minute) from Mrs. Lei Chung Sze. To be paid at HK$20,000.00.\n\nNo. 7 ACCOUNT\n\n32", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-1 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-11-1945 - 7-3-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579200, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "page_number": 116, "title": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "content_text": "- 10 - \n\nincomparably better than in the Chinese boarding houses.\n\n151\n\nwithin the first six months of interment over 600 cases of B1 deficiency were recognised in the group of rather less than 3,000 in Stanley Civilian Internment Camp. Their situation might well have been disastrous but for the fact that the Japanese Foreign Office allowed my Red Cross ambulance and trucks to take into the camp additional food, bread, milk, vitamin concentrates, medical supplies, clothes, shoes, bedding and a hundred and one other items. These were distributed by an International Welfare Committee to which reference has been made earlier.\n\nMost welcome and valuable Red Cross parcels and bulk supplies were received in the camps from the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States at the rate of one each year. Other supplies sent into the camps by the International Red Cross in Hong Kong in 1943 and 1944, helped the situation considerably.\n\nIn point of fact, although the physical efficiency of the inmates of Stanley Camp deteriorated very markedly in adults, the death rate was remarkably low. Moreover, the condition of the younger children, although far from satisfactory, was very fair considering the lean basic ration and the general circumstances prevailing. Such praise is due to my colleagues in the medical, nursing and welfare services for this excellent result.\n\n14\n\nDuring the earlier part of the Japanese occupation, I was permitted to retain a certain degree of control over the staff of the Medical and Health Departments. The object in view was to try to meet the needs of the prisoners of war and civilian internees and their non-interned families and to ensure some sort of service for the benefit of the community as a whole.\n\nIt might be well to point out that our Japanese captors were interested in nothing except their own war effort and looting. Consequently, they were, with rare exceptions, unwilling to concern themselves with the well-being of enemy nationals or the population at large. Hence, it was somewhat of an uphill battle to try to retain certain hospitals and to maintain adequate labour to deal with town cleansing, burial of dead, anti-malarial measures, and the like. Some activities could not exercise an influence over the health of those cooped up behind barbed wire.\n\nFollowing the escape of one of the doctors, all but a small handful of European doctors and health personnel were interned in Stanley Camp in February, 1942. The remainder, eight in number, were interned fifteen months later after my arrest by the Japanese Gendarmerie.\n\nAs an example of Japanese 'legal' methods in occupied territory, it might be of interest to mention a few personal details. The indictment comprised some forty odd charges. Firstly, I was accused of espionage, carrying information from prisoner of war and internment camps to the British army and consular officials in Free China and Macau. My gaolers appeared to have satisfied themselves that I sent messages concerning the disposition and movements of Japanese troops and shipping to the interior. Originally, they charged me with operating a wireless transmitter in the hospital where I slept. Later, they discovered a wireless transmitter used by one of my staff in the Wanchai quarter of Hong Kong, about a mile from the hospital. I never learnt what tales he had told under torture for he was executed. Prior to his imprisonment with me, I had not known that he had been engaged on that particular activity.\n\nThe second method which I was alleged to use for sending messages into China was by means of certificates of service. The Kempeitai regarded these as a pre-arranged code. The certificates were no more than what they purported to be.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 586026, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-602-5 Limits of territorial waters 27-10-1949 - 9-12-1949", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-602-5 Limits of territorial waters 27-10-1949 - 9-12-1949", "content_text": "TELEGRAM/\n\n*\n\nFile No.\n\nSAVINGRAM\n\n*The word Priority may be entered here, If necessary.\n\nC.O.\n\nTo:-- You. Hong Kong\n\nRepeated to:- Mr... Mr. Redford 1/2\n\n23/12 atores. Hall\n\nPriority:-- Nil.\n\nMr. Sir Permt. U.S. of S. Parly. U.S. of S. S. of S.\n\nReply urgently required. Important. Immediate. Most Immediate.\n\nCD 53848\n\nReappherest Sent. 0030 'hours. .194.\n\nHC\n\nFor transmission :— In Clear Code- Cypher\n\nNo. 1769 Restricted.\n\nConfidential:- Secret. Top Secret and Personal.\n\nYour telegram No. 1144. Territorial waters.\n\nYour enquiry has necessitated consideration of the general limits of Hong Kong territorial and national waters which may in accordance with international usage be claimed as opposed to the limits (for the most part wider) shown in the map attached to the 1898 Peking Convention.\n\nDistribution:- P.D. Coates, C.G.H. Cardo\n\nFurther action:- Wt. 21408/757 10m 7.48 Wa. & Co. 51/3 Wt. 29577/790 50m 11.48 Wa. & Co. 51/3\n\n0.0.\n\nas I will telegraph further as soon as possible.\n\nSeiper", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-602-5 Limits of territorial waters 27-10-1949 - 9-12-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 588197, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-606-5 Hong Kong Loan- Financial settlement 2-3-1948 - 4-10-1948", "page_number": 185, "title": "CO129-606-5 Hong Kong Loan- Financial settlement 2-3-1948 - 4-10-1948", "content_text": "C.O.\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\nSecret addressed To :-\n\nCremer\n\nalonce\n\n47/4\n\nPermt. U.S. of S.\n\nParly. U.S. of S.\n\nS. of S.\n\nbrik pabe\n\nDraft\n\nFile No.\n\nTELEGRAM/SAVINGRAM 1924 54126/6/45\n\nGovernor Hong Kong No 470 Received (0.77)\n\nNo\n\nSent.\n\n184\n\n11.30\n\nSecretary General Singapore 310\n\nRepeated to\n\nN. Cr\n\nGour\n\nGour\n\nre\n\nTo be transmitted :--\n\nLa Clear\n\nCode Cypher o\n\nKuala Lumpur No. 506, Singapore No. 422\n\nhours.\n\n214 194.\n\n(Secretary General, please pass\n\nNi No 1681\n\nInawak No 125\n\nPriority\n\nNil.\n\nReply urgently required.\n\nImportant.\n\nImmediate.\n\nMost Immediate.\n\nNo.\n\n8\n\nDistribution :-\n\nFurther action :—\n\nNo. 12\n\n12\n\nRestricted. Confidential. Secret. Top Secret\n\n467.\n\n2] My telegram No.\n\npara 80 Foreign Office\n\nsee\n\ncome\n\nin second\n\n\"\n\nand\n\nobjection\n\nsentence\n\nto phrase\n\nof para 3\n\nof their telegram\n\nthe Colony's future\"\n\nCongress should the\n\nin\n\nAcceded\n\nI\n\nagree\n\nthat for\n\nit\n\ninternational reasons\n\nshould be deleted", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-606-5 Hong Kong Loan- Financial settlement 2-3-1948 - 4-10-1948.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590960, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 14, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "## 14\n\nThe National Times of September 13th urged the establishment by Government of an inspectorate to take action against principal tenants who were committing offences against the Landlord and Tenants Ordinance 1947; The suggestion was that the average sub-tenant was averse from prosecuting anyone who lived under the same roof, but would welcome such prosecutions if initiated by a Government official.\n\n## 30\n\n## WORLD AFFAIRS\n\nOn the subject of the veto the Sing Tao Jih Pao of September 7th, said \"**The United Nations Charter is the fundamental international code which should not be recklessly revised**.\"\n\nThe Wah Kiu Yat Po of September 9th expressed concern at the apparent tendency of the United States to make Japan rather than China a bulwark against Russia. However the same paper on September 13th urged China to concentrate on reforming herself rather than on criticising American policy towards Japan.\n\nOn the subject of Indo-China the Sing Pao expressed the hope that Bao Dai and Ho Chi-Min would get together and form a United Viet Nam, pointing to the evils of partition as illustrated by the example of India.\n\n`JHBL/JK`\n**J.H.B.Loo**\n`P.R.O.`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 597125, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-623-9 Estimates of Expenditure- includes a report for the year ending March 1952 1-2-1951 - 30-11-1951", "page_number": 156, "title": "CO129-623-9 Estimates of Expenditure- includes a report for the year ending March 1952 1-2-1951 - 30-11-1951", "content_text": "Page 210\n\n-35-\n\n# Hoad 38. Stores Department.\n\nEstimate 1951/52. Revised Estimate 1950/51. Approved Estimate 1950/51. Actual Expenditure 1949/50.\n\n$5,387,535\n\n3,982,167\n\n5,564,002\n\n9,826,119\n\nWith the retirement of a Stores Supervisor during the year, it has been possible to bring the number of posts of Senior Stores Officers into line with the approved establishment. Apart from the transfers in the General Clerical Service, the only other establishment change is the abolition of two posts of Coolie. A number of reductions have been made in temporary staff and the casual labour vote has been transferred to other Charges. It has, however, been necessary to increase the provision for overtime allowances by $25,000 and the net result is to show a small increase of $6,533 in personal emoluments.\n\nFor administrative convenience, the provision for printing and binding, which is controlled by the Controller of Stores, has been transferred from Miscellaneous Services to this department and provision of $1,250,000 made for this item. The only other major change is the reduction by $1,500,000 of the vote for unallocated stores. The provision for casual labour, part of which represents the transfer from personal emoluments, also includes a sum previously shown under furniture for offices and quarters. The result of these changes is to reduce recurrent expenditure by $248,000.\n\nIn addition, it is necessary to replace some departmental transport and $49,500 is included for this purpose. Two items of special equipment costing $15,500 are also included.\n\nThe total expenditure for this Head is $5,387,535, which shows a reduction of $176,467.\n\n# Head 39. Subventions.\n\nEstimate 1951/52. Revised Estimate 1950/51. Approved Estimate 1950/51. Actual Expenditure 1949/50.\n\n$16,847,968\n\n14,159,300\n\n14,326,900\n\n13,861,005\n\nAdditional expenditure in 1951/52 on various grants to schools account largely for the increase of $1,903,868 in recurrent expenditure for Subventions. The major portion of this sum will be disbursed to vernacular schools and amounts to $1,427,150. It chiefly results from the admission of more primary schools to the subsidy code. The balance is for grant-in-aid schools for which increases of $308,000, $37,400 and $14,800 are required for miscellaneous grants, building depreciation fund, provident fund respectively. The subvention of the Hong Kong Anti-Tuberculosis Association has been transferred from Special Expenditure. The only other increase compared with 1950/51 is an additional $250 for the International Meteorological Association. This grant is payable in Swiss francs and the increase is accounted for by the revaluation of sterling in 1949. The total money disbursed to organisations in which the Hong Kong Social Welfare Advisory Committee takes an interest remains unchanged although certain individual re-allocations have been made. In spite of the increase of University fees,\n\nPage 210\n\n-35-", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-623-9 Estimates of Expenditure- includes a report for the year ending March 1952 1-2-1951 - 30-11-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 598547, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-626-2 Movement of dangerous goods around Hong Kong 1-1-1951 - 30-4-1951", "page_number": 15, "title": "CO129-626-2 Movement of dangerous goods around Hong Kong 1-1-1951 - 30-4-1951", "content_text": "(8) Model Code of Harbour Byelaws in respect of the discharging, loading, etc., of Petroleum Spirit and Carbide of Calcium, published by H.M.'s Stationery Office.\n\n(9) The Singapore Harbour Board Byelaws for regulating the conveyance, loading and unloading of Dangerous Goods, 1937.\n\n(10) The Port of Colombo (Dangerous Cargo) Order, 1945.\n\n(11) Rules of Navigation for Ships carrying Dangerous Materials, issued by the Suez Maritime Canal Universal Company.\n\n(12) Report of the Explosives' Storage and Transport Committee of the Ministry of Supply regarding Safety Distances.\n\n(13) The Report of a Working Party appointed by the Home Office and Experimental Investigations into the Safety in Storage and Transport of Ammonium Nitrate.\n\n(14) The Reports of Working Parties appointed by the Minister of Transport: (i) as to the Conveyance of Explosives in Harbours (ii) on Fire Prevention and Fire-fighting on Ships in Port.\n\n(15) List of Authorised Explosives under the Explosives Acts, 1875 and 1923, dated 1st January 1950, issued by the Home Department.\n\n(16) Report of a Committee appointed by the Secretary of State for the Home Department on Celluloid Storage, dated 30th January 1950.\n\n(17) The Storage of Explosives, published by Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd.\n\n(18) The Report of the Commission on the Wing On Godown Fire.\n\n(19) Comments on the Handling of Dangerous Goods, etc., being Annexe III to the Report of the Marine Court which inquired into the \"Chaksang\" disaster.\n\n(20) Draft Report of a Departmental Committee appointed by the Minister of Transport on 30th July 1943 on the Carriage of Dangerous Goods and Explosives in Ships, which has not yet been published and was supplied to us confidentially.\n\nDraft Report of the Ministry of Transport\n\nWe have been greatly assisted in our deliberations by information given to us by the Ministry of Transport in London. The draft report of the Departmental Committee was supplied to us through the courtesy of the Chairman, Dr. H.E. Watts, G.M., M.B.E., Ph.D., B.Sc., F.R.I.C., and the Secretary, Mr. E.F. Callow, M.B.E., in cyclo-styled copies in the first instance and later in printed proof form. This report deals mainly with the classification, packing, stowage and carriage of Dangerous Goods and Explosives in ships; we have had to consider, in addition, the loading and unloading of the ships in port, the conveyance of the goods in the Harbour and on land, and their subsequent storage on land, sale and use. We have adhered as far as possible to the classification and rules recommended for packing and labelling of Dangerous Goods, as we believe that these rules will form the basis of an international code.\n\n/ 9.\n\n14", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-626-2 Movement of dangerous goods around Hong Kong 1-1-1951 - 30-4-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 598559, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-626-2 Movement of dangerous goods around Hong Kong 1-1-1951 - 30-4-1951", "page_number": 27, "title": "CO129-626-2 Movement of dangerous goods around Hong Kong 1-1-1951 - 30-4-1951", "content_text": "16 - \n\n26 \n\nIn the draft Regulations submitted we have specified the landing places at which Dangerous Goods should be landed from local water transport.\n\nWe have not attempted, however, to lay down where the approved wharves should be, as this would pre-suppose the acceptance by Government of these Regulations in toto and is more properly a duty of the proposed Dangerous Goods Standing Committee. It is, however, the Committee's opinion that the following items should be satisfied in respect of the construction and equipment of all new wharves and godowns which the owners desire to have designated as approved wharves and storage places. In the case of existing wharves, these should, as opportunity affords, be provided with the equipment specified in so far as it is reasonable and practicable.\n\nIt is submitted that all wharves and places for landing, loading or storing Dangerous Goods or Explosives should be referred to the proposed Standing Committee for action under the following heads : (a) The sites in the Colony should receive the most careful consideration by the Town Planning Board and be approved by the Marine and Fire Departments.\n\n29.\n\n(b) All buildings, stores and wharves should be approved by the Building Authority and the Fire Department as to fire-resistant materials for buildings, fire service lines and hydrants, the lay-out of buildings and piers or wharves devised to give clear access for Fire Brigade vehicles with auxiliary pumps to sea water, approved first-aid fire appliances, telephones on wharves and the maximum number of licensed storage places for Dangerous Goods.\n\n(c) A system of watchmen, trained in fire-fighting, should be organised on patrols to prevent smoking and sabotage and to detect fires, in touch with a Central Anti-Fire Control Room by telephone at selected points along the patrol routes.\n\n(d) The entrance of unauthorised persons to Dangerous Goods storage places and godowns should, as far as possible, be limited by enclosure of the godown estate or compound.\n\nIncreasing the Storage Space of the Colony\n\nUnder Term of Reference (h) the Committee has considered the possibility of increasing the storage space in the Colony by permitting Dangerous Goods or Explosives to be stored in hulks, but cannot recommend, except in very exceptional circumstances, such a proposal, as the high insurance rates do not make such a scheme commercially feasible and the lack of skilled supervision, stowage facilities for incompatible substances and the annual typhoon season make it unsound from a safety viewpoint.\n\n30.\n\nFire Prevention and Alarm Signals\n\nWe recommend that the general regulations in respect of fire prevention, action in case of fire, alarm signals, etc., should be grouped under one part; many of the regulations outlined are in force at the moment, but new International Code Signals for ships on fire and regulations as to dangerous fumes in confined spaces have been added.\n\n/ 31.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-626-2 Movement of dangerous goods around Hong Kong 1-1-1951 - 30-4-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 600295, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-629-12 War Risk insurance- availability of contractors plant 1-2-1951 - 31-5-1951", "page_number": 37, "title": "CO129-629-12 War Risk insurance- availability of contractors plant 1-2-1951 - 31-5-1951", "content_text": "Draft\n\nSAVINGRAM\n\n* The word Priority may be entered here, if necessary.\n\nTELEGRAM/\n\nTo;-\n\nMr. Hall 18/3\n\nMr. Palmer 1/3\n\nMr...\n\nRepeated to:-\n\nMr. Dodd shel\n\n29/3\n\nMr.\n\nSir\n\nPermt. U.S. of S.\n\nParly. U.S. of S.\n\nS. of S.\n\nECEIVED 30MAR 1951\n\nTel. C.D.\n\n70\n\nDistribution:-\n\nAs for (2) + Me Foxlu C.A.\n\nGy fr\n\n-22923/14/10/\n\nFurther action:-\n\nWt. 15855/746 53 6-48 Wa. & Co. 51/3 Wt. 29377/790 50 11-48 Wa. & Co. 51/3\n\nPriority:-\n\nMil.\n\nSov Hong Kong\n\nReply urgently required.\n\nImportant.\n\nImmediate.\n\nMost Immediate.\n\n(28 against among)\n\nYour tel No 212\n\nTo be transmitted :—\n\nIn Clear\n\nCode\n\nCypher\n\nFile No.\n\n54510/51\n\nSent.\n\nETYPEX\n\n23.15\n\n29/3/\n\nhours\n\n194\n\nNo. + Liq\n\nNetherlands Harbour Works Company..\n\nRestricted.\n\nI am advised that Lloyds do not (repeat not) cover war risks & there is an international agreement to the effect.\n\nIn the circumstances, please clarify position regarding Harbour Works Co's existing LADENEMER policy as presumably what Company wants is that Lloyds shall not, in the event of threat of war, withdraw cover already given under present policy.\n\nI learn from Crown Agents that consulting Engineers in Harbour works have recently received requests from contractors for insertion of war risks clause in impending contracts for work in Far East & Australian areas. Such clauses, inter alia, relieve contractors from liability for damage to property, whether of Govt or contractors, works or otherwise.\n\nCrown Agents think there may be U.K. firms interested to work in Hong Kong but specific proposals would have to be put to them. They understand Messrs George Wimpey & Co, operating from Singapore, are doing certain work in Hong Kong & have competence in airports foundations for sea walls but not so much in dredging & that there are also American firms in Honolulu who might be able to take on the work. They were, however,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-629-12 War Risk insurance- availability of contractors plant 1-2-1951 - 31-5-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]