[ { "id": 216610, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843", "page_number": 94, "title": "CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843", "content_text": ". .. . . . . \n\nHem & \n\nAnd \n\nCopies of Sir Stugle. Gough's letters to Sir Steuery Pottingen of the 13th Juctant. Vt 2899 2900 bent with the original despatch are mittist here, the book in which they \n\nscale of funnie \n\nThey \n\nwere \n\nRecordeds, not being available. wen menly, the first agreeing to the \n\nshments with \n\nbifling \n\naltérationl th \n\nother agreeing to the release of Prisoners at Cohuvan, but sus ficting that the Noughong Onsoners, as being ruffians \n\nthe \n\nterres charretim, should be handed oven on arrival \n\nlarge \n\nto the Chinese an Cheoilies, instead of being set at. \n\nWrapsthiting. \n\nas proposed by Mr. Majesty's Wilay \n\nThe scale of punishinen toe was fixed at : \n\n30 days unprismment \n\n4 doz. \n\nEaches \n\n10 Hollow Fine . \n\nor 40 shokes with Zattan.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 218672, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844", "page_number": 545, "title": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844", "content_text": "\n\n* 1844 hr H. Pottinger. \n\nFeb. 14.12 Public Works, and Crown Lands. \n\nkne. Account of Disbursements of land Depart for Public Works from Innesys to Sand /44. and Estimate of suns hereafter required therefor; _ also dist of sand Soto sold by Public Auction on 22? Jard/14 Delays his report on Public Works. \n\nMost of the past expends. having been mousse account of the Military occupation of the bleu during the War has been hausferred to debit \n\nof Military Chest. Enquires what head of Public of the Expende for Public is to be placed \n\nAccounts \n\nWorks \n\nthe \n\nrest \n\nGost. House Buildings belong to Sup the Dept. suggests that application be made to Parliament for a Grant towards immediate & \n\nunavoidable Expences, and requests instructions as \n\nto what \n\nFunctionaries are to have Residences provided \n\nfor their. \n\nSb. 28. List of Crown Lands Sold enclosed corrected. \n\nIn contu. of Deap: 12/44. \n\nFeb. 19 13 quarters about \n\nto be breilt for \n\nHas approved \n\nMajr Gew. D'Aguilar, Commander \n\nproposed erection \n\nselected \n\nDeop\" 5 and 9/40 \n\nof- \n\nPlat \n\nthe Forces. \n\now \n\nsite within cautoument \n\nEnd further Correspre in contre of \n\nFeb. 27 14 Police Establisht & Duties whereof \n\nFuct Correst \n\nreb. 16 \n\nCaph Haly app. Supering of Police and Justice @ 1003 Mouth & Residiver in addr to his Military Pay Hollow\", - wah \n\nOverseers and Scavengers for \n\nClearing out Drains, removing impurities & in Victoria. \n\nSir #. Pottinger \n\nFeb. 28 15 Controversy with Sir Tho! Cochrane Naval Comms in \n\nChief as to \n\nAppropriation 4 \n\nLand \n\nof \n\nfor \n\nNaval and Military purposes. \n\nCorresponde in contr of Deos: 10/44. \n\nshi Thot. C. to direct Removal \n\nEnes further \n\nRefusal of \n\nNaval Stores and Coal Depôt \n\nAu bite \n\nfrom Middle Store, required as a Parade \n\nA \n\nfor Garrison and Inhafts, \n\nCannot be \n\nheld responsible for delay in laying out & building this part of Victoria Mess. Jardine, Matheson for Location referred to by Sir That C. purchased & greatly improved \n\nat much expence vlabor. \n\nDoubts \n\nbef \n\nHilin \n\nit's fituress for Naval & Military Biurposes. \n\ndarching 16 Remonstrance & \n\nMessrs Jardine & others agains \n\nleases recently granted by the \n\nperpetuity \n\nthe Terms Gout as with power to Gost of increasing the rent at fixed periods. \n\nrucloses with reply. \n\nLand Claimants \n\nof beng for 75 years, instead of in \n\nhave so \n\npist ground of remonstrance & have been amply rememerated for their outlay. \n\nWill forward an Estimate of expence of improvets by the land clanmants, and state of those who have complied with conditions of their grants. \n\nchard 1 17. Ordinance No 1/44 60% yoy for defining. daw of Slavery in the Colony. \n\nMarch 11 18. Ordinance No 2/44, 6€ 47.7%, for regulating \n\nSueloves. \n\nPublishers - Printers _ & use of Printing Pressed. Ene?", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 219348, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-007 - Sir John Davis - 1844", "page_number": 197, "title": "CO129-007 - Sir John Davis - 1844", "content_text": "A \n\nChina \n\nhe \n\na place destibule of internal resources, elemany Is trade, its monistence. cruel even the mujority of its population from the connection with \n\ncasonable expectation can extertained of banishing the dollar from cviculation or of rendering any \n\nother com? for a long periost ! come the standard suetium of criculation. It follows, that although a friend sterling value should be ofsiqued by authority to the Zeller I call \n\npunctical recoquets. \n\nton, cente consumity with the opening right or wrong, of the Chinese fequenting the mutest. \n\nMtan \n\nNanase European h. This \n\nmarket. \n\ndealings with the \n\nengaged in dea \n\nRehab tamts. \n\nconsequence being actmitted, it is impossible to forcue, with any approach to cvetaily, what reception, an issue of Bitish silver can might find in Hongkong. but expererive is almost immiformly opposed 1. the probability of its being favorable. Republican \n\nDollars \n\nTollers continue after years of familianty with them to be at le discount with a forme I those of the clit Spanish impresion \n\nJome even/ \n\nof \n\nthese \n\nare) Muc \n\nestimatest than others differing from \n\nby \n\nand \n\nlinighly \n\nsolely on cute - Rupees, when thrown into circulation to \n\nany considerable extent, \n\nare \n\nvalued at a rate gouerally below then worth, with reference coon be the Republican chollar and of course still lower with ulation the pillared collar while there foreign \n\nrawly \n\nto \n\nseen in commercial use - It is \n\nI be apprehended that another \n\ncours are \n\narc \n\ntheufore \n\ni Ate Cow \n\nwould be receved with such disburst \n\nand perhaps be confounted with some of \n\nvahu already known. His the hat brown might canly be taken fore half stolles, the stalling for the bill repre \n\nHollow, \n\nsixpence for \n\ncinct the \n\nsaine coin, or \n\nfor the quarter of the if not absolutely mistaken in point of identity avery probably be reputed of the \n\nvalue. \n\nnight \n\nsame \n\nPaping", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-007 - Sir John Davis - 1844.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 219349, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-007 - Sir John Davis - 1844", "page_number": 198, "title": "CO129-007 - Sir John Davis - 1844", "content_text": "these speculative \n\n323 Refsing considerations, it remanio l see the result of excul calculation. To begin with the \n\nou \n\n\" Hance from England, the soignoragst the coin is equal la profit of nearly. _ _ __ 671⁄2 portent from which is to be dictucted the unctual expour of the suintage, st \n\ncrecurately known, but estimated al_1727% also freighta!- \n\nand Sea risk estima ledt als \n\ninall \n\n31⁄2- \n\n& learning as olem gouin er surning of about ___Sperant \n\nAv \n\nqani 3 \n\nthat the coin ismable at the nominal \n\nvalue of 12 pouces, would cost the public about 117% when placed in the chest at Haughing. \n\n11/8 \n\nAce \n\n6. The collar is 110w ifmed, whenever a reference to Sterling becomes measury, at 7% - The present Eretining on England is from \" / \"/\" for the Republic in Kobber; bit at p which excorts the average rule for \n\nexceeds \n\n(a) \n\nInice. \n\ngain \n\nsome line past, the would be 194 per cent, and even at 7/27% would au 4. 3 per Qut. It therefore does not appear \n\nthat \n\namount \n\nany profit would accrue to the Public from the remittance of British show vain, which might not be equally \n\nby the rugpontion \n\nnegociation of Billion \n\nthe \n\nHainable \n\nTreasury \n\naside even the consideration \n\nfor colleurs, setting and even \n\nof interest which on both sides could be in \n\nfaos of the Guhang operation. The \n\ncomparison \n\nof négociations on huolia the \n\nAverage - A/ \n\na \n\ngives \n\n: scarly similar result. \n\nOw/ \n\n7. In the presting calculations the ismable \n\nvalue of the British silver coins is a \n\nof the \n\n- assumed at its nominal Sterling Amant. To mani tanie this value with reference to the Hollow estimati at \"for\", the shitting should consulate cer equivio but t. 27/100 of ce dollar. It is however intrinsically equivalent to 110 more than about 21% lists, or nearly 7 peeliat loss. that in order to sustain such a rate it a \n\nnecessary", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-007 - Sir John Davis - 1844.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 221246, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-011 - Sir John Davis - 1845 [1-4]", "page_number": 49, "title": "CO129-011 - Sir John Davis - 1845 [1-4]", "content_text": "48\n\ngreatly obliged. At present however, the pirates are numerous, and though I have given frequent orders to the Military and civil authorities, to fall upon them with all severity and rigour, still it is to be feared, that one is seen and another hides himself. The seditious villains of the Frinct Seity have again assembled and created disturbance. Whilst however instituting investigations to trace them, they in order to avoid seizure scatter themselves, and it may be apprehended, that they have Hongkong to hide themselves there. They may indeed be arrested, and then perhaps, these perfidious villains will have no place where to put their foot and tranquillity may thus be ensured.\n\nWhilst sending this answer for the consideration of You the Honorable Envoy, I hope you will order the soldiers under your command to seize them all with rigour. And if it be ascertained that they are native traitors and associates of the Triad Society, villains who have taken refuge at Hongkong and absconded there, they ought to be every one apprehended, and be sent to the local Mandarins of the said place (Cowlow?) that very severe measures may be taken against them. Thus you will display your public friendship.\n\nWhilst sending this despatch with the highest happiness, and this Communication is respectfully addressed. To Her Britannic Majesty's Plenipotentiary His Excellency, John Francis Davis.\n\nBroukwang 24th year 11th month 20 day\n30th December 1844.\nRec. 3 Bentle\n\ntrue translation. Agreed, Charles Gutzlaff\nChinese Secretary\n\nhue copy!\nDedrick W. A. Boucy", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-011 - Sir John Davis - 1845 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 223683, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-017 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [7-12]", "page_number": 100, "title": "CO129-017 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [7-12]", "content_text": "37\n\nthe Wong\n\nAVDA\n\nmei\n\nchung Valley, which formerly was so unhealthy from the supposed pestilential effect of\n\nthe Paddy fields\n\nand the swamps itself, have\n\n#COLO\n\nin its neighbourhood\n\nin\n\nthe Valley\n\n(since it have\n\nbeen filled up and thoroughly\n\ndrained) become perfectly healthy,\n\nand not a single case\n\nof\n\ndeath has occurred\n\nearly\n\nin\n\n1844. – Most\n\nthe houses which were\n\nformerly considered from their close proximity to the Valley,\n\nto be unhabitable have since been tenanted without the\n\nleast fear.\n\nAgain, at the foot of page\n\n153 allusion is made to \"Aix Cottages built\n\nin a\n\nhollow with high lands\n\non\n\neither side.\n\nFrom\n\nthat situation I should have been surprised indeed had they proved healthy, seeing they\n\nare\n\nbuilt over natural\n\nswamps\n\nand shut out from the breezes\n\nby the surrounding hills. A quite sure houses built\n\nin such a\n\nsituation\n\nin\n\nall\n\nnative country would be found\n\nunhealthy and probably subject\n\nto the\n\ndisease - In proof of this I would refer Your Excellency\n\nto inquiries\n\ninto the sanitary condition\n\nof\n\nthe Old Town of\n\nEdinburgh, which were made\n\n3 years ago to ascertain how far\n\nthe health\n\nof the inhabitants living\n\nin Salisbury Crags was injured by a\n\nfoul", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-017 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [7-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 224008, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-017 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [7-12]", "page_number": 428, "title": "CO129-017 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [7-12]", "content_text": "let him speak out like\n\nam\n\nwill\n\nhonest man, and\n\nantier\n\nhim\n\n\"I now come to the\n\nCase\n\nworst parts of the Mr Shelley volunteers to state boldly and emphatically, on the 21st Instant, \"I have\n\nsetts whatever in this\n\nColony\" - Yesterday\n\npersons\n\ncame to me\n\ntwo\n\nin a\n\nstate of despair for their\n\nclaims\n\n...\n\nhim, hearings\n\nhe was meditating departure.\n\nThe one was\n\nhis\n\nlate\n\nown\n\nClarks, Mr Springs, who has lent him 1,260 Dollars, –\n\nbehind all;\n\n435\n\nall; the other was the Colonial Surgeon Mr Young,\n\na married\n\nman with small\n\nincomes, who, in lieu of 500 Dollars, has received the hollow blandishments which I now enclose,\n\nwith\n\na\n\ncopy of the note to Mr Spring - General G'Aquilan\n\nwas with me\n\nwhen these claimants\n\ncame.\n\nHe with generous\n\nindignation declared he would make Mr. Shelley pay the poor Clerk;\n\nand the Boston was\n\nadvised to resort to\n\nan", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-017 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [7-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 228832, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-029 - Bonham - 1849 [4-7]", "page_number": 148, "title": "CO129-029 - Bonham - 1849 [4-7]", "content_text": "Description of Stores.\n\n30\n\nDifferent natures.\n\nS.\n\nR. U.\n\nDescription of Stores.\n\n31\n\nDifferent natures.\n\n8.\n\nR.\n\nᏳ.\n\nSetters -\n\nFor fuzes, wood\n\n4\n\n86\n\nShod\n\n2\n\n2\n\nSextant, brass\n\n1\n\nShackles\n\n2\n\n15\n\nShafts\n\n2\n\n4\n\nBuoy\n\n2\n\n4\n\nCoopers'\n\n3\n\n8\n\nShaves\n\nSpoke\n\nCarpenters' Outside\n\n2\n\n15\n\n2\n\nInside\n\n2\n\n \n Sockets -\n \n \n \n Shears\n 3\n \n \n Slips, marble\n \n \n \n Slings -\n \n \n \n Sleepers\n \n \n \n Slopes, office\n \n \n \n Leather-\n \n \n \n Rope for carts\n \n \n \n Suapcaps\n \n \n \n Snip, tinman's\n \n \n \n Sauffers\n \n \n \n Soap\n \n \n \n Deck, metal\n \n \n \n Iron Pipe\n \n \n \n Black rifle\n \n \n \n Buff\n 38\n \n \n \n 100\n \n \n \n 125\n \n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n 23\n \n \n \n 8\n \n \n \n 22\n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n \n 6\n \n \n \n 376\n \n \n \n 17\n \n \n \n 4\n \n \n \n 14\n \n \n With tin collars, filled with ball, 8 inches -\n 160\n \n \n Of sorts\n \n \n \n Fixed to wood bottoms and fitted with metal fuzes\n 821\n \n \n \n 392\n \n \n Solder\n ...\n \n \n 32-pounder\n 50\n \n \n Spades\n \n \n \n With wood bottoms\n \n \n \n 24-pounder\n 50\n \n \n Spelter\n \n \n \n 5 inch\n 599\n \n \n Spikes\n \n \n \n Shells -\n \n \n \n Without wood bottoms, 32-pounder\n 26\n \n \n Spindles, brass valves\n \n \n \n Common, empty\n 3,614\n \n \n Spits, with wheels\n \n \n \n With grummets and leather straps, filled, 12-pounder\n \n \n \n Hand filled and fixed\n 403\n \n \n [Bayonet\n 787\n \n \n Main\n \n \n \n Empty strapped howitzer\n 450\n \n \n Springs -\n \n \n \n Seer\n \n \n \n Shelves\n 612\n \n \n Rammer\n \n \n \n Shelves, cast iron-\n \n \n \n Cantilerers\n 100\n \n \n For holding knives\n \n \n \n Rails\n \n \n \n Pins\n 738\n \n \n \n 2,265\n \n \n Cast iron, bases\n 391\n \n \n Bearers\n 2,936\n \n \n Collars or sockets\n 2,006\n \n \n Shelves -\n \n \n \n Partitions\n 823\n \n \n Wrought iron\n \n \n \n Pins\n 1,990\n \n \n Standards\n 395\n \n \n Shelves\n 984\n \n \n Grape\n 237\n \n \n Ditto in tin case, gun and carronade\n \n \n \n Hollow plug, 10 inch\n 11\n \n \n \n 86\n \n \n \n 47\n \n \n Gun\n \n \n \n Tin case\n 2,557\n \n \n Howitzer\n 573\n \n \n Carronade with iron ends\n 112\n \n \n Shot\n \n \n \n Spherical case\n \n \n \n Gun, 9-pounder\n \n \n \n Strapped to\n \n \n \n Empty 68-pounder\n \n \n \n wood bottoms\n \n \n \n Filled\n \n \n \n Without wood bottoms, empty\n \n \n \n Common, strapped to wood bottoms\n 340\n \n \n \n 24\n \n \n Wood, carpenters\"\n \n \n \n Staples\n \n \n \n Stamps\n \n \n \n [Iron, B↑O.\n \n \n \n Wood BO.\n \n \n \n Stands\n \n \n \n Spun yarn\n \n \n \n Squares\n \n \n \n Stakes\n \n \n \n Without ram-\n \n \n \n mer-heads\n \n \n \n [Iron, figured, &c.\n \n \n \n Steel blades\n \n \n \n Mortar\n \n \n \n Gun\n \n \n \n Mortar\n \n \n \n Howitzer\n \n \n \n And rammer-\n \n \n \n heads\n \n \n \n Carronade\n \n \n \n Gun .\n \n \n \n Howitzer\n \n \n \n Sponges, with staves\n \n \n \n \n lbs.\n oz.\n \n \n \n 3\n 4\n \n \n \n 1,207\n 2\n \n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n \n 245\n \n \n \n \n 50\n \n \n \n \n 50\n \n \n \n \n 10\n 4\n \n \n \n 57\n \n \n \n \n 226\n \n \n \n \n 48\n 2\n \n \n \n 125\n \n \n \n \n 20\n \n \n \n \n 18\n \n \n \n \n 33\n \n \n \n \n 50\n \n \n \n \n 387\n \n \n \n \n lbs.\n oz.\n \n \n \n 351\n \n \n \n \n 538\n \n \n \n \n 793\n \n \n \n \n 1,138\n \n \n \n Round loose\n 28,449\n \n \n \n Belted rifle -\n cwt.\n \n \n \n \n 20\n \n \n \n Lead ball\n \n \n \n \n In bags as charges\n 277\n \n \n \n \n 39\n \n \n \n Musket\n 63,166\n \n \n \n Books\n \n \n \n \n Pistol\n 861\n \n \n \n Sand\n tons.\n cwt.\n qrs.\n lbs.\n \n \n \n 1.\n 12.\n 3.\n 16\n \n \n Stationery\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Copper\n 3\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 7\n \n \n \n \n \n Shovels -\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Dust\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Iron\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Peat\n 5\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 538\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 6\n \n \n \n \n \n Pairing\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 6\n \n \n \n \n \n Lawn\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Sieves, powder\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Sights\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Sieves\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Iron wire, 5 mesh\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 32-pounder\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Millar's\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Copper, gunners' common\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 32-pounder\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Sorts\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Brass hair\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Copper, dry measure\n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 6\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n Paper, ledger\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 3\n \n \n \n \n \n HP.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Annual Army List\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Expense\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Guard\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Return\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Supply\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Journal, contractors'\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ledger, store\n \n \n \n \n \n \n List and check, 3 quires\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Proportion\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Store return H\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Supply\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Lovell's Suggestions\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Pattern of Nails\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Soldiers' Account\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Covers, marble\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Forms, printed\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Staves, sponge, of sorts\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Steel -\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Steelyards\n \n \n \n \n \n \n : coco\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 22:42 10\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 12\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 5\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 3\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 16\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 140\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 9\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 8\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 3\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 17\n \n \n \n \n \n year's supply\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 38\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 8\n \n \n \n \n \n Ash\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Portfire\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 6\n \n \n \n \n \n Sticks\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 21\n \n \n \n \n \n Rocket\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 20\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 43\n \n \n \n \n \n ·\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Skirting, cast iron\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wood\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Skedding Iron\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Skins, sheep or bazil\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Slab, for grinding paint\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Slates, in wood frames\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Slices\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Slides\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Carcase\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shell\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shot\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Signal\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n ps.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 59\n \n \n \n \n \n Stocks, for bits, drill\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 12 ft, and 20 ft.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 14\n \n \n \n \n \n Stomach-warmer, tin\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n ft.\n run.\n \n \n \n \n \n 600\n \n \n \n \n \n Stones\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 11\n \n \n \n \n \n Stools\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n \n \n \n Stoves\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 112\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2,290\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 4\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 160\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 135\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 146\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1,758\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 202\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 528\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 7\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 5\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 83\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 79\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 66\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 3\n \n \n \n \n \n Stoppers, trap, earthenware\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 4\n \n \n \n \n \n Carronade, Hardy's 32-pounder\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 24\n \n \n \n \n \n Travelling, boat-gun\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Not fitted with rear chocks\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n Straps\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 3\n \n \n \n \n \n Stretchers, canvass\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 651\n \n \n \n \n \n Strings, drill, catgut\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 3\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 3\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 135\n \n \n \n \n\n...\n\n3", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-029 - Bonham - 1849 [4-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 230013, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-032 - Sir Bonham - 1850 [1-4]", "page_number": 216, "title": "CO129-032 - Sir Bonham - 1850 [1-4]", "content_text": "2105\n\ni\n\n4.\n\non\n\nAmount paid for blasting, powder\n\n\"\n\nfor sundry services, £. 3. 16 8, Requisition No. 33 of 1849, completes the expenditure\n\naccount of Roads for construction, amounting in the whole to £. 175.8.7 for the year; but the sum of £.318.6 was disbursed for labour performed under old Contracts of the previous\n\nyear the Aberdeen and Stanley Road, the payment of which His Excellency\n\nwas\n\nobliged to defer.\n\nRepairs to Roads, (exclusive) of (convict labour), only amounted to £.9.12.8, Requisitions 3, 6, 8, and 27.\n\nThe Convict labour during\n\nthe\n\nyear\n\nconsisted in\n\nthe construction\n\nof a pathway from the Sea-beach to the Church and Government Offices,\n\nSundry works round the\n\nGovernment\n\nOffices.\n\nRepairs to Roads and Streets, and\n\nMiscellaneous Services. The pathway\n\nwas\n\non the side\n\nof the\n\nhill under the Murray Battery, and in side cutting, and filling; the section of the ground\n\nwas\n\nentirely\n\nirregular\n\nand steep; in some places\n\ncutting of 25 feet had to be made, and immediately adjoining\n\na\n\nhollow\n\nto be filled\n\nof an equal depth, this rendering the execution extremely\n\ndifficult and expensive;\n\nthe weather also being exceedingly dry during a portion of the working period, rendered the consolidation of the material almost impossible, thus several heavy slips\n\noccurred\n\nafter heavy\n\nrains;\n\nhowever the pathway\n\nis\n\ncompletely finished,\n\nthe embankments to the Queen's Road\n\nover, and a stone channel grassed\n\nmade in two portions which I hope will preserve it from excessive injury,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-032 - Sir Bonham - 1850 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 233431, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6]", "page_number": 338, "title": "CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6]", "content_text": "and at the termination\n\nthe whole of\n\nof the\n\n\"Year\"\n\nthe basement had\n\nbeen completed; this portion of the\n\nBuilding\n\nlively\n\narched were\n\nin brickwork and thus rendered\n\nsecure\n\nfrom fire, besides preventing\n\nthe ascent of the cellars\n\nor\n\nnoise or\n\nas well as\n\neffluvia from\n\nfrom\n\nthe\n\napartments to be occupied by\n\nthe\n\nServants; a thorough system of\n\nventilation has also been adopted,\n\nonly\n\nthe fresh air being admitted\n\nfrom the verandahs and also\n\ndischarged therefrom, so that it is\n\nreceived quite pure and uncontaminated; the most beneficial arrangement regards stability I conceive, as\n\nin\n\nthe plan I have adopted for the formation of the floor of\n\nVerandahs; these\n\nare\n\nsupported\n\nupon arches similar to those of the Basement, the spandrels being formed hollow to lighten the weight thereof and prevent\n\nthrust, the\n\nsurface\n\nwill be levelled\n\nwith a screed formed with\n\nbroken bricks three inches thick,\n\nand that\n\nagain\n\ncovered with a\n\nlayer of 1/4 inch marble set in\n\ncement.\n\nI have adopted such\n\nprecautions for\n\nthe prevention\n\nof damage by dry\n\nrot\n\nto the timber by white ants, or\n\notherwise,\n\nas\n\nI could avail myself of here; that\n\nis, in addition to the extensive system of Ventilation alluded to, I have thoroughly coated it\n\nwith coal tar wherever it is", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 238778, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-056 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [6]", "page_number": 187, "title": "CO129-056 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [6]", "content_text": "The Hongkong Register.\n\nHONGKONG, TODAY, MAY 20, 1856.\n\nNOTICE The Hours PUBLIC WORSHIP in the Cathedral Church of St. John will be on Sandays at 3 to 7 4 A.M., and at 8 A.M.\n\n...\n\nThere will, we expect, not be many opinions on the subject.\n\nWe shall have a little more to say on the plans, but in the meantime we continue with the history of Mr Cleverly's doings according to the Colonial Secretary, who says, in addition to Mr. Cleverly not having given authority, \"that he could not have inspected the works,\" on the ground as we before quoted, \"of the work not having appeared above low water mark until after his departure.\"\n\n...\n\nThe case of the two plans, as it stands on the words of the four lot-holders contra the government, is perfectly clear and strong, but it received unexpected support from another quarter.\n\nThe lot-holder of the lot near Prider's wharf found himself exactly in the same predicament, but being more amenable to the sweet persuasions of official power, he stood extracted-altered his plans, and we have lost Mr. Hiller; we have nothing but the benefit of his acquiescence in still being permitted to carry away earth for filling in.\n\n...\n\nBy the Singapore papers we perceive that the first criminal sessions held by the new local Recorder Sir Richard Macdonell, had terminated after postponement of several days in consequence of the absence of the mail.\n\nMany of our readers are perhaps aware that there is a Grand Jury at the Straits, which has the right of making presentments at the close of their labors.\n\nThe Singapore Grand Jury has a long list of complaints, but by some of the complaints having been repeatedly reiterated, the Jury seem a strong edition of wisdom crying aloud in the streets and no one regarding her.\n\n...\n\nThe Jurors would further present the inefficiency of the Interpreters of the Court, especially the Chinese, and while it is by no means a matter of doubt whether individuals of that nation are under any circumstances to be relied on in responsible capacity, in a Settlement such as this, where the Interpreter may be said to have the power of life and death in his hands.\n\n...\n\nWe wonder if this be at all applicable to our island.\n\nThat it has been, is tolerably certain from the exposure made in the Police Court some time ago, but the question is-Is it now?\n\nWe drove away through our niggardliness the one useful effective European Chinese interpreter Mr. Cleverly to have expressed approval or disapproval of the Wall, as it was not till some two or three days after his departure that the work appeared above low water.\n\n...\n\nOn the 20th Feb., Mr. Weise called on the Acting Surveyor General.\n\nCaptain Cowper showed Mr. Weiss a plan, stating, \"that being the Acting Surveyor General, even was the one which he would recommend to the Government to adopt.\"\n\nThis again is in opposition to what is stated by the Colonial Secretary, who says the plan was ready and lying in the Surveyor General's Office on the 11th December.\n\n...\n\nThe ground taken by the government is rather of a shifting nature, but let us try to define it.\n\nThere seems to be no question that the Acting Surveyor General showed Mr. Weise a plan on the 20th February.\n\nNow, the question is-Was the plan then shown the same plan as that asserted to have been in the office on the 11th December, and was it at that time approved of by the Governor?\n\n...\n\nSHANGHAE RACES.\n\nSPRING MEETING.\n\nThe sport of this meeting was less exciting than we had hoped for from the programme, although the weather was fine.\n\nThe favorite, Bowle, proved himself the most contemptible cat that ever ran round a course at the start.\n\n...\n\nWROBENO PLATE-Four ponies started for this race- Grapeshot 2ok the lead to the turn, when the Pekin Pet took up the running, and after a good race came in a winner by half a length; Spots again in the rear.\n\n...\n\nPAUL-BUEN CUP-This although considered the race of the meeting, turned out the most hollow one of the day.\n\nCar Tushu, the favorite, proved himself the most contemptible cat that ever ran round a course at the start she jumped off with the lead, immediately wasted upon by Cheerful, who forced the running, and before reaching the first half-mile post, passed the rival writer, who from that point put by the shutter, and Cheerful came in at a canter.\n\n...\n\nCOLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE, VICTORIA, Hongkong, 27th March, 1856.\n\nGENTLEMEN, In replication to your letter of the 19th instant, I have to state\n\n1. That a plan of the Sea Wall has been lying in the Surveyor General's Office since the 11th December last, any time after which date it has been open to the inspection of yourselves or your contractor.\n\n2. That this plan was drawn by Captain Cowper under Mr. Cleverly's direction, and that consequently two different plans have never been submitted.\n\n...\n\nTo the Honorable W. T. MERCER, Esq., Colonial Secretary.\n\nSir,-We have the honor to acknowledge receipt of your letter of the 27th ultimo, and have given it that due consideration which it deserves.\n\nIn reply to it we regret that we can but repeat to you the general substance of our letter of the 19th ult.\n\n...\n\nEnclosure No. 1.\n\nVICTORIA, 18th March, 1856.\n\nSir, Being entreated by the owners of Marine Lots No. 103 & 104 recently sold by the Government, with the king's ap of said lots; I beg to ask you if you will allow my workmen, to take filling on the pile of Ground in the rear of the Government House and so to St. John's Cathedral,- am, Sir, Your excellent servant,\n\n(Signed) LUDWIG WIESE.\n\nTo Captain COWPER, Acting Surveyor General, Victoria.\n\n...\n\nCOLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE, VICTORIA, Hongkong, 20 April, 1856.\n\nGENTLEMEN, I have placed your letter of 8th instant before His Excellency The Governor as requested by you.\n\nIt seems that you have committed an error in ascertaining the plan on which the Government required the Sea Wall to be built.\n\n...\n\nWe have submitted the matter to legal opinion and are informed, that it was the duty of Government, as we had ourselves considered, to have been prepared with the plan now adopted at the time of the sale of the land in question.\n\n...\n\n(Copy) No. 190, COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE, VICTORIA, Hongkong, 19th April, 1856.\n\nGENTLEMEN, I have to bring to your notice that the Acting Surveyor General has inspected the Sea Wall in course of construction in front of the Lots purchased by you on the 16th November last, and considers it faulty in construction, and not in accordance with the plan laid down by him, and exhibited at his office for the information and guidance of the contractor.\n\nI understand that the contractor for the whole wall along these four lots is engaged, and I beg therefore that instructions be given him by you to fulfill the remainder after the Surveyor General's plan, and to take immediate means for reconstructing the portion already begun, so that the whole work may be done after the same and uniform model used by the Acting Surveyor General.\n\n...\n\nHONGKONG, 1 May, 1856.\n\nSir,-We have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 24th ulto. to which we now beg to offer a reply, taking for sake of convenience the various points referred to in your dispatch in the order in which they occur.\n\n...\n\nCOLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE, VICTORIA, Hongkong, 1st May, 1856.\n\nGENTLEMEN, I have to bring to your notice that the Acting Surveyor General has inspected the Sea Wall in course of construction in front of the Lots purchased by you on the 16th November last, and considers it faulty in construction, and not in accordance with the plan laid down by him, and exhibited at his office for the information and guidance of the contractor.\n\n...\n\nPage 185\n\nTHE HONGKONG REGISTER.\n\nNo. 21.—May 20, 1856.\n\n...\n\nITHEATRICALS.\n\nThe following is a correct report of an address delivered by the manager of a small theatre in Iceland, where Mr. Rac was engaged to perform.\n\n...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-056 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 239755, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10]", "page_number": 393, "title": "CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10]", "content_text": "391\n\nMemorandum 7th October, 1856.\n\nRequested the Chief Magistrate to issue a Summons against Foong-aching, for erecting houses on D. Lot Nr. 408, near Union Chapel, the said houses being 1 storey high and the lower part of the brick exterior walls only about 14½ inches thick, the upper walls being hollow and not solidly built, and the Joists or timbers of the floors do not rest upon ... inches of solid brick work, but rest against ...\n\nPage 392\n\n \n(The original text has been corrected and formatted according to the given rules. The missing word is indicated by \"...\".)\n\n14호\n\nhas been removed as it seems to be an OCR artifact or unrelated to the main text, and \"M\" is also removed for the same reason. The text has been formatted into proper paragraphs and corrected for spelling and spacing errors. The sentence has been reordered and completed where possible. The page numbering is kept as per the original scan. The output is in HTML format using for paragraphs.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 239756, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10]", "page_number": 394, "title": "CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10]", "content_text": "stove work.\n\nSee, Ordinance W. I of 1856.\n\nOverseer (Agued) Joseph Section 2 Rules land 5 (True Popy. h Scott of Works. Colonial Secretary.\n\nSUMMONS FOR DEFENDANT.\n\n15-01. Constable.\n\nAT THE CHIEF MAGISTRATE'S OFFICE, VICTORIA, IN THE COLONY OF HONGKONG.\n\n8 day of October 185. Cowper Acting Survey.\n\nIn the cause in which R. by William Ios General by his Attorney seeph Icot is Plaintiff, and Overseer of Roads of the una Trong Athching, thehing, Builder.\n\n392 To Williams Jactison of Victoria Defendant.\n\nTo all other Constables of the said Colony.\n\nCharles May Esquire, one of HER MAJESTY'S JUSTICES OF THE PEACE for the said Colony.\n\nWhereas the said Plaintiff hath this day informed and complained to me that the said Defendant on the yor October instant, was guilty of Muisance, that is to say did un lawfully build certain houses to the number six on Inland Lot No 408, at Victoria in contravention of the provision of Ordinance 8 of 1836, vigt: did unlawfully build walls hollow & not solid.\n\nthird story to the said six. Imidly did unlawfully erect the said 3rd story walls over lower walls of less than 18 inches thick on the East side of the said six houses, and 3rdly did unlawfully neglect to cause the forats or limbers of the said are house rpor To rest against Ginches of solid brick or stone work, and has prayed that the said Defendant may be called upon to answer for this offence, and may be further dealt with according to Law:\n\nThese are therefore to require you forthwith to summon the said Defendant to be and appear at the Office aforesaid on Thursday the day of October 185 at the hour of Twelve o'clock noon, before such JUSTICE OF JUSTICES OF THE PEACE for the said Colony as may then be there, to answer to the said information and complaint, and to be further dealt with according to Law: Aud be you then there to certify what you shall have done in the premises.\n\nGiven under my Hand and Seal at the time and place first above-mentioned.\n\n(Signed) C. May Acting Assist Magistrate.\n\nI, a Constable of the said Colony, do hereby certify, that on 8ah Actr at I duly summoned the within named Defendant and served a true Copy of this Summons on the said Defendant, in the manner following, that is to say: By leaving it at him.\n\n據原告香港刑訟司使謝本役 日在爲票傳被告赴案質訊事等知悉照得本司現據原告禀稱被告於乃屬犯律懇乞票傳質地方一案須到案消差毋違須票日午訊桉法究辦等情據此合就票傳爲此票仲本役立卽傳出點鐘赴案質審俟候按法究辦該役臨時仍准于 # 月 # www 月 日 在交之故仍須禀覆遺在他屋或貼在屋外當眼之處至其不能交與原人此票可將抄白交與原人收覽倘不能交與原人卽將", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 239758, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10]", "page_number": 396, "title": "CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10]", "content_text": "on the 6th and found that Contravention of the Ordinance which I now complain of - I do not know how long these Works have been in progress- whether they were Commenced before or after the passing of the Building Ordinance - I now find that the 3rd Story being erected on 5 of the 6 houses named in the Summons \n\nI find that the wall of the third story is built hollow, and therein is Contrary to the Ordinance & Swether charge that the upper floor does not rest against or abut upon 9 inches of solid brick or stone work- I also charge that the lower part of the Eastern walls - by which I mean the basement walls of the Eastern fronts of 5 out of 6 of these houses are not built on the Scale required by the Ordinance _ I believe the eastern Basement is of Solid granite, but I cannot \n\nPage 8\n\non the 6th and found that Contravention of the Ordinance which I now complain of - I do not know how long \n\nthese Works have been in \n\nI cannot \n\nprogress- whether they \n\nsay \n\nwere Commenced \n\nbefore or after the passing of the Building Ordinance \n\nfinds the \n\n- I now \n\nthe 3rd Stony \n\non 5 of the \n\nbeing erected on 5 \n\n6 houses named in the \n\nSummons \n\nجمع \n\nI find that \n\nthe wall of the third story is built hollow, and therein \n\n \n\nPage 9\n\n394 \n\nis Contrary to the Ordinance \n\n& Swether charge that the \n\nupper floor does not rest \n\nagainst \n\nov \n\nabut \n\nupon 9 \n\ninches \n\nof solid brick or stone work- \n\nI also charge that the lower part of the Eastern walls - by which I mean the basement walls of the \n\ni \n\nEastern fronts of 5 out of \n\n- \n\n6 of these houses are not built on the Scale required by the Ordinance _ I believe the eastern Basement is of Solid granite, but I cannot\n\nshould be rewritten to \n\nPage 8\n\non the 6th and found that Contravention of the Ordinance which I now complain of - I do not know how long these Works have been in progress- whether they were Commenced before or after the passing of the Building Ordinance - I now find that the 3rd Story being erected on 5 of the 6 houses named in the Summons \n\nI find that the wall of the third story is built hollow, and therein is Contrary to the Ordinance & Swether charge that the upper floor does not rest against or abut upon 9 inches of solid brick or stone work- I also charge that the lower part of the Eastern walls - by which I mean the basement walls of the Eastern fronts of 5 out of 6 of these houses are not built on the Scale required by the Ordinance _ I believe the eastern Basement is of Solid granite, but I cannot \n\nPage 9\n\n394 \n\n \nHowever, to follow the exact format required by the output instruction which demands HTML using for paragraphs, the rewritten response is already in the correct format.\n\nThe final answer is: \n\nPage 8\n\non the 6th and found that Contravention of the Ordinance which I now complain of - I do not know how long these Works have been in progress- whether they were Commenced before or after the passing of the Building Ordinance - I now find that the 3rd Story being erected on 5 of the 6 houses named in the Summons \n\nI find that the wall of the third story is built hollow, and therein is Contrary to the Ordinance & Swether charge that the upper floor does not rest against or abut upon 9 inches of solid brick or stone work- I also charge that the lower part of the Eastern walls - by which I mean the basement walls of the Eastern fronts of 5 out of 6 of these houses are not built on the Scale required by the Ordinance _ I believe the eastern Basement is of Solid granite, but I cannot \n\nPage 9\n\n394", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 239761, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10]", "page_number": 399, "title": "CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10]", "content_text": "14\n\nof the nuisance in the\n\nusual way.\n\n/ Signed, Joseph Sooth Overseer of Works\n\nTue Copy)\n\nM\n\nColonial Secretary.\n\nGurge\n\n397\n\nDuddell examined on oath states:-\n\nI have had twelve years experience of Chinese buildings in this colony. I examined the walls and general construction of the tenements now complained of, this morning at the request of the Defendant. The walls of the upper story charged as being hollow are not so in fact.\n\nThe Chinese builders have attempted their usual style of building in some places, but generally, on cutting into the walls, I found them filled with...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-058 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [8-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 245175, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-069 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]", "page_number": 254, "title": "CO129-069 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]", "content_text": "## \n252 \n\nwhom he conceived were dealt with unfairly in respect of their small profits.\n\nHose of contains but one innovation, it places the as concerned with Licenses - B upon the the D.\n\nA quirieau was then proposed to the Council and unanimously agreed to by the members that the License Fee to the Artel Keepers should be raised from 100 to 300 Dollars - i.e., from $20.16.5 to $82.18 per annum, and that the Clinics Shops rated hitherto at 108 Dollars per annum, should contribute to the Revenue a uniform fee of $25.\n\nJun 10. The Ordinance 17 of 1858 Keepers of Bowling Alleys places them on the same footing with the owners of Public Billiard Tables. Authors the latter paid 50 Dollars for their License, while the former were excused from the payment of any License fee. Now the payment of a uniform License Fee upon each of 75 Dollars, the Bowling Alleys being as much frequented as the Billiard Tables and are for much the same object, the incessant rolling noise of large wooden balls over hollow platforms...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-069 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 245864, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-070 - Public Offices - 1858", "page_number": 301, "title": "CO129-070 - Public Offices - 1858", "content_text": "M. Ellert 10 Sept.\n\nThe challenge to the hollow, with person's billies, the same on best, whatever happens.\n\nCirculation still in \n16.5. 21.3/4 - for their report.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-070 - Public Offices - 1858.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 250258, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-079 - Public Offices - 1860", "page_number": 408, "title": "CO129-079 - Public Offices - 1860", "content_text": "# NOMINAL RETURN of Casualties in the Force under His Excellency Sir J. Hope Grant, G.C.B., Commanding the Forces in China, at the Action on the Chow-Ho, September 18, 1860.\n\nProbyn's Horse -\n\n \n Corps\n Killed\n Dangerously\n Severely\n Slightly\n Missing\n \n \n 1st King's Dragoon Guards\n 1\n \n 1\n 5\n \n \n \n Fane's Horse\n \n 1\n \n 4\n \n \n \n 1st Battalion Military Train\n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n \n 15th Punjaub Infantry\n 1\n \n 1\n 2\n \n \n \n Total\n 2\n 1\n 2\n 12\n \n \n\nForty-three guns were taken during the action, and the loss of the Chinese was very severe. On the right and left were their heaviest losses, but all along the centre, small groups of dead showed the effect of the artillery fire, which had followed their movements till they finally retreated. Our loss is two killed and 29 wounded-chiefly slightly.\n\nI should wish most particularly to bring to notice the very excellent service of the King's Dragoon Guards. The country is extremely unfavourable for cavalry at present, partly from the number of ditches, and partly on account of the crops of maize and millet having been recently cut, leaving sharp-pointed stubble, most injurious to horses, and rendering their rapid movement very difficult; their charge was, however, most effective, and they surmounted these obstacles in a most creditable manner.\n\nI have, &c., (Signed) J. HOPE GRANT,\n\nThe Right Honourable\n\nCommander of the Forces.\n\nThe Secretary of State for War, &c.\n\nPage 7\n\nNOMINAL RETURN of the Casualties in the Force under His Excellency Sir J. Hope Grant, G.C.B., Commanding the Force in China, at the Action on September 21, 1860.\n\nSIR,\n\nDESPATCH from Sir J. HOPE GRANT to Mr. Secretary HERBERT.\n\n(No. 47.)\n\nHead Quarters, Camp near Tangchow, September 22, 1860.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report, that after the action of the 18th inst. I remained in Chang-tsia-wan for two days, during which time the 1,500 French troops left at Hoo-seiwoo joined us, and some convoys arrived in camp, together with intelligence of a flotilla of junks coming up the Peiho with further supplies. From reconnaissances on the 19th and 20th, we had ascertained that the Chinese army was encamped in very large numbers about four miles off, on the road between Tangchow and Pekin, and on both sides of the canal which runs from the Peiho to the latter city.\n\nAt daybreak on the 21st I marched from Chang-tsia-wan, and parking the baggage in a village two miles in front, I was there joined by the French who advanced on the right. Soon after passing Tangchow the French troops got under fire of the Chinese works thrown up to protect a fine bridge crossing the canal, and on the Imperial high-road to Pekin. At this point the enemy's infantry appeared in considerable force. On the left, the Tartar cavalry showed in large masses, and advanced rapidly until within 200 yards of our guns, which, hastily unlimbering, drove them off with a fire of canister, assisted by skirmishers thrown forward from the 2nd (Queen's). The Cavalry Brigade, which I had kept échelonned away on the left to guard that flank, was now moving up, and the enemy's cavalry driven away from the right by our fire, hung in large masses on our left front, affording an excellent opportunity for our cavalry to charge, which they promptly seized, the King's Dragoon Guards, under Lieutenant-Colonel Sayers, in particular inflicting a very heavy loss on the enemy. On the left Fane's Horse charged a similar body with great gallantry, whilst the 1st Sikh Cavalry, under Major Probyn, supporting Fane's Horse, effectually turned the right of the Chinese army.\n\nThe enemy, though defeated on the spot, yet still remained in front, in clouds of horsemen, who, though constantly retiring from the advance of any party of our cavalry, however small, never allowed more than 1,000 yards to intervene between us, and showed a steady and threatening front. At this time I had with me the cavalry, the 4th infantry brigade, and three Armstrong guns; the rest of the artillery, with the 2nd brigade, having been left in the centre, with directions to feel the French left. With the three Armstrong guns, under Capt. Rowley, we fired occasional single shots on their thickest masses. These shots, fired singly, at slow intervals, served admirably to illustrate the good qualities of the Armstrong gun; not one failed to strike the thick masses of the enemy, at once dispersing them from the spot.\n\nThus advancing, the cavalry was brought to a check by the fire of a camp, which was taken by the 99th regiment, under Major Dowbiggin, and which proved to be the head quarters of some of the Imperial princes. This, with several others in the neighbourhood, was burnt by our troops, and the Chinese army retired upon Pekin.\n\nWe then rejoined our right, which had kept in line with the French, who had carried the bridge, inflicting much loss on the enemy.\n\n \n Corps\n Killed\n Dangerously\n Severely\n Slightly\n \n \n 1st King's Dragoon Guards\n 1\n \n 1\n 3\n \n \n 1st Sikh Cavalry\n \n \n \n 5\n \n \n Fane's Horse\n \n 1\n \n 1\n \n \n 2nd Queen's\n \n \n \n 4\n \n \n 15th Punjab Infantry\n 2\n \n 1\n 2\n \n \n Total\n 3\n 1\n 2\n 15\n \n\nSIR,\n\nAdvance on Pekin.\n\nDESPATCH from Sir J. HOPE GRANT to Mr. Secretary Herbert.\n\n(No. 51.)\n\nHead-Quarters, Bivouac, outside Pekin, Oct. 9. 1860.\n\nIn continuation of my letter* of the 4th instant, I have the honour to report that, on the 5th of October the Allied Forces advanced from Tungchow, leaving the heavy guns, tents, and baggage stored about three miles from that place. We halted for the night about three miles east of the north-east angle of Pekin, and the following morning resumed our march in a north-westerly direction, so as to pass along the northern face of the city, but out of gun-shot of the walls, and attack Sang-ko-lin-sin's army, which was supposed to be encamped directly in our front.\n\nThe country about here is not good for cavalry, from the great number of trees, villages, and hollow roads. I accordingly despatched the Cavalry Brigade with two 6-pounders with mounted detachments, with orders to advance on the road leading to the Emperor's Palace at Yuen-min-Yuen, with a view of cutting off the retreat of the enemy in that direction. The French were on our left, while the English force moved along the outside of an old rampart which runs parallel to the north face of the city. At this time we received information that the Chinese army were in full retreat, having commenced moving the night before. I therefore sent a message to General de Montauban, that I should advance at once to the Emperor's Palace. On the road, however, we came across the rear-guard apparently of the enemy, with whom a few shots were exchanged before they fled towards the city. As they appeared to be in considerable force in the suburb, I determined on halting on the northern road to prevent their moving out in that direction.\n\n*Not received.\n\nPage 406", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-079 - Public Offices - 1860.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 257265, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-094 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1863 [11-10]", "page_number": 201, "title": "CO129-094 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1863 [11-10]", "content_text": "36\n\n197\n\n!\n\nthe city from the noisome effluvia so loudly complained of, and an additional, although secondary, consideration in its favor, is that these reservoirs and connecting works might be made available as landing places, both for passengers and Merchandise.\n\nThe Committee do not anticipate any injury to the salubrity of the harbor from these outfalls. On the contrary, the sewage by being thrown into deep water where the currents are strong would be much more effectually removed than by the present imperfect system, which leaves fetid deposits in shallow water near shore.\n\n78.\n\nAs an escape for foul gases from the outfall reservoirs suggested above, a small hollow pillar might be added to each of them, 10 feet in height, with vent holes above and under the top, while below a trap could be fitted in the roof of the reservoir, and in which could be combined the means of odorising the gasses during their escape.\n\n79.\n\nThe object of having an escape under the top of the pillar is, that, if approved of, colored lights (in figures or plain) might be placed above; and duly classified, they would thus afford at night guides to these several convenient landing places.\n\n80.\n\nDeodorants are most valuable auxiliaries in sanitary arrangements, and", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-094 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1863 [11-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 260404, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-102 - Public Offices - 1864", "page_number": 21, "title": "CO129-102 - Public Offices - 1864", "content_text": "Admiral,\n\nyour despatch for their Lordships consideration.\n\nEnclose and I also transmit a copy of their reply.\n\nR...\n\nan...\n\n11 Augt\n\nIn replying, quote the following: 26 933\n\n4933. Hong Kong Colonialty Initial Letter.\n\nE C 26.\n\nAng Let of Domy 9 para 23 AUG 1864 22 Aur 18h4 19\n\nMy letter was sent by Lords four missiovers. 1th Adversary loving heart endiruth that it is intended to construct a road in the vicinity of the Admiralty Coal depot & Dockyard at Hollow, and also a road between the Naval Yard at Hong Kong and ...\n\nLetter from Lord Cardwell, Secretary of State Colonial Office, stating that Mr. Secretary Cardwell will direct that further consideration be given to their Lordships' views on this subject and to forward this correspondence or ...\n\n...\n\nPage 26\n\n...\n\nPage 26\n\n...\n\nPage 26\n\nPage 363\n\n...\n\nPage 363\n\nPage 363", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-102 - Public Offices - 1864.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 263303, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-108 - Public Offices - 1865", "page_number": 6, "title": "CO129-108 - Public Offices - 1865", "content_text": "## Lords desire \n\nA batch of the 11th Oct last, for this Work, was submitted by Sir Charles Robinson, suggesting that the local Government should be informed that the grave objections raised by this Department have in no way been removed.\n\nIt is requested that no action should be taken without submitting the Subject to this Department. \n\nThe same objections apply to the construction of a public road between the Naval Establishments and M. Sea at Hoblow; these objections have been clearly stated by Sir Surfer and Captain Augustus Robinson, and remain unaddressed.\n\nIt appears that the issue has taken a different turn as it was contemplated on the division of the Territory of Hoblow, previous to the grant of the Site for further Naval Defence & the Penal Settlement. \n\nIt is stated that this intention was not indicated when the Site was granted but was only disclosed by the plans covered by Sir N. Noble's despatch of the 10th May last.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-108 - Public Offices - 1865.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 265821, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-113 - MacDonnell - 1866 [5-6]", "page_number": 291, "title": "CO129-113 - MacDonnell - 1866 [5-6]", "content_text": "## Provide permanent Barrack and Hospital\ncommendation for the amazing number of 150 Officers and 2500 Ranks are \n\nFile \n\nrequiring allegation as he states \"at least \n290 \n\nprodigious Military force which might \nbe \naccommodated in the extensive tracts \nreserved for the use of the War Department.\" \nthat the policy \n\nI t \n\n8 times the extent of Building now existing. As many acres of the most eligible land at New Kowloon have been occupied by the Military \nwere \nto the lasting up of \nsome suitable site for a Naval Hospital \nevery \nneed have recently \nseen, and to the \nas Vide Governor 1124/24 \ngreat April, 1866. \n\npreliminary loss of the Colony by preventing \nthe sale of land at a time when purchasers \nwere \nready to give large \nfor suitable \nbuilding sites there, it becomes matter \nof serious inquiry \n\nseems to me \nof Her Majesty's Government is lending \nquite the other \nway, \nand ... \nmany \n\nI \nCase \nsincerely hope that if further Barracks or \nHospitals \nare to be built, some \nhealthier \nvery large place may be found than in the and hollow of the mountain where the ground of land lie, of which the War Department would according to Colonel Lovell be deprived by acceding to my proposal. \n\nof \n93. \n\ninquiry whether Her Majesty's \nGovernment has the least intention of quartering in Hongkong and Kowloon the \n\nPutting aside the fact that the War Department will only be deprived of what it never professed, I believe that", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-113 - MacDonnell - 1866 [5-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 266688, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-115 - Sir MacDonnell - 1866 [9-10]", "page_number": 26, "title": "CO129-115 - Sir MacDonnell - 1866 [9-10]", "content_text": "Stewards Bath Room.\n\nRemarks.\n\n12 Old China Presses\n\n2/1. Meat safe\n\n1 Cellar\n\n9 Wine Bins\n\n17 Samps Condemned\n\nto be scrapped\n\n22 Racks for Wine Chills\n\none Cash Roller\n\n1 Bottle Rack\n\nLamp Room.\n\n212 Black chairs\n\n1 Duster for Cleaning Samps\n\n1 An oil Box\n\n4 Reflector Bracket Samps\n\n10 Brilliant Samps\n\n3 Small Brass China Samps\n\n3 Figured Bronze Pedestal Samps\n\n2 Pedestal Samps\n\nBoiler Room.\n\n2 Black wood arm chairs came bottom\n\nHigh backed.\n\nVegetable Larder.\n\nMeat safe\n\nDuster\n\n1 Cup Board\n\nMiscellaneous\n\n1 Garden Engine with Hose\n\n2 Fresh Tank\n\nBroken\n\nBadly damaged\n\nAll broken.\n\nOne missing the rest useless all broken.\n\nBroken\n\nBoth shades and\n\nChimneys hollow\n\nKitchen\n\n2 Tables\n\n1 Dresser with Drawers\n\nRemarks.\n\nBoth much worn and\n\n259\n\n...differed\n\nCondensed ...lobe sold replaced.\n\n(Signed) F. Frith\n\nColonial Treasurer:\n\n(\n\nM. Milano,\n\nSurveyor General.\n\n)\n\nHopton S. Stewards;\n\nPrivate Secretary & A.D.C.\n\nICT\n\nC\n\n(True Copy)\n\nAn the Acting Colonial Secretary", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-115 - Sir MacDonnell - 1866 [9-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 267672, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-117 - Public Offices - 1866", "page_number": 179, "title": "CO129-117 - Public Offices - 1866", "content_text": "water or wear under pressure \n\nThe inner face of the embankment \n\nhad better be covered with broken stone to a depth of nine inches rather than with granite pitching \n\nThe Midfeather in the valve well \n\nmay be of Cast Iron Plates formed \n\nand jointed as per pen sketch. \n\n177 \n\nembankments subside in consolidations. broken stone \n\nsubsides with the bank. - Wall \n\n- stone or rubble pitching \n\nnot subside at once \n\nwill \n\nin all \n\nplaces so that mischief may \n\nbe going \n\nand the bank not \n\nshew it until \n\nlarge \n\nhollow cavities \n\nhave been formed by the wash \n\nbeneath the stonework- \n\nmay \n\nThe upper part of the Bank \n\nhe pitched \n\nConcrete for \n\nor Covered with \n\ntop water level after the embankment has been fully consolidated. \n\nouter side \n\nDetail of Valve Well. \n\nPlan \n\nDetails of Cast Iron Midfeather in Valve Well \n\nCover \n\nten feet below \n\nPoint's A may be made \n\nof best Portland Cement \n\nSuch as \n\nd iron borings. \n\nVertical Section \n\nThe \n\nHe \n\niron \n\nplates may be in lengths of three feet.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-117 - Public Offices - 1866.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 270308, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-123 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [7]", "page_number": 198, "title": "CO129-123 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [7]", "content_text": "198\n\nand I had no hopes of capturing the offenders) I accepted and paid accordingly, leaving Fr-chung at 11 a.m. yesterday.\n\nover\n\nI towed the liberated junk lovon to Mirs Bay, where I anchored last night leaving there this morning for this fort.\n\nShave, He\n\n(Signed) Cecil F. M. Johnson,\n\nLieutenant and Commander.\n\n(Copy)\n\n(signed) Oliver J. Jones,\n\nCommodore.\n\nA. M. Gunboat Waver,\n\nHongkong,\n\n5th April, 1861\n\nI have the honor to report that in pursuance of your orders I weighed and proceeded to Howlow at 8 a.m. of the 2nd inst. where I received the Chinese Mandarin Chun-lung.\n\nI then proceeded out of the Polnomoms The Coast to the Toomiang group off which the fisherman whose boat was pillaged stated the pirate just attacked him. I communicated with some fishing junks but\n\nCommodore\n\nO. J. Jones,\n\nSenior Naval Officer.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-123 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 278553, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-138 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [6-7]", "page_number": 122, "title": "CO129-138 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [6-7]", "content_text": "120\n\nDuplicate -\n\nMaterials required from England for the Surveyor General's Department, to be sent out by the Crown Agents for the Colonies -\n\n1000 feet: 5″ Cast Iron eaves guttering semicircular in section with wrought iron, hold fasts); complete.\n\n500 feet 6″ Guttering out Sheet Iron, Moulded Rim, Socketed\n\n67 Iron, Fittings, round wards, with brass Handles on both sides, staples, escutcheons and Demeus complete\n\nRezo Fittings as above.\n\n19 Fittings as above, but with traverse wards, bolts, and filled with brass screws -- as above\n\nStock Cockle for stables 10″ with staples, Keys and Norfolk thumb catchers complete.\n\nJ 10″ as above but with double wards Hollow M.B. Half of number of wards to be right hand and half left hand\n\n200 pairs 4″ brass butt hinges, with screws\n\n200 36″ Aron L hinges\n\n200 36″ Autta L hinges\n\n72 24″ Litco L hinges\n\n24 24″ Sitco projecting 5 inches, made from Barrel bolts\n\n24 24″ Bravo flush bolts.\n\nCarried forward", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-138 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [6-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 287573, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-157 - Sir MacDonnell Acting Governor Sir Kennedy - 1872 [4-5]", "page_number": 143, "title": "CO129-157 - Sir MacDonnell Acting Governor Sir Kennedy - 1872 [4-5]", "content_text": "4.\n\nA window contains 48 panes, each in the form of a rhombus, whose base measures 10 in., and perpendicular 64 inches. What will it cost to glaze it at 24 cents per square foot?\n\n5. Required the area of the gable-end of a house, the base, or distance between the eaves, being 24 feet 6 in., and the perpendicular from the ridge to the middle of the base 8 ft. 4 in.\n\n6. How many yards of carpet $\\frac{3}{4}$ yard wide, will be required to cover a room 48 ft. 4 in. long, and 40 ft. 6 in. wide; and what will the carpet cost at $1.26 per yard?\n\nXI. TRANSLATION:\n\n...\n\nXIV. TRANSLATION.\n\nENGLISH INTO CHINESE.\n\n(SPECIAL.)\n\n141\n\n(100 marks.)\n\nA stag quenching his thirst in a clear lake, was struck with the beauty of his horns, which he saw reflected in the water. At the same time, observing the extreme slenderness of his legs, \"What a pity it is,\" said he, \"that so fine a creature should be furnished with so despicable a set of spindleshanks! What a truly noble animal I should be, were my legs in any degree answerable to my horns!\" In the midst of these thoughts he was alarmed by the cry of a pack of hounds. He immediately bounded through the forest, and left his pursuers so far behind that he might have escaped; but rushing into a thick wood, his horns were entangled in the branches, where he was held till the hounds came up, and tore him in pieces. In his last moments he thus exclaimed, \"How ill do we judge of our true advantages! The legs, which I despised, would have borne me away in safety, had not the antlers I was so vain of, betrayed me to ruin.\"\n\n孔子之去齊 萬章曰士之告子曰吾弟\n\n...\n\n(60 marks.)\n\n魯接\n\n接浙而行去 不託諸侯何\n\n魯曰遲遲吾 也孟子曰不\n\n也不\n\n則愛之人\n\n之弟則不愛\n\nCHINESE INTO ENGLISH.\n\n...\n\nTotal marks 910.\n\nThe marks gained by the first nine were:--\n\n754, 788, 714, 707, 705, 685, 685, 685, and 607.\n\nFREDERICK STEWART, Head Master.\n\nXII. TRANSLATION.\n\nENGLISH INTO CHINESE.\n\n(60 marks.)\n\n1. The stem may be called the body of the plant, for it supports the branches, foliage, and flowers. It is either woody as in our trees and bushes, or fleshy, or hollow, as in grass and corn.\n\n2. Air and light are necessary to plants. If a leaf is deprived of light it loses its colour. The size of the leaf bears no proportion to the size or strength of the tree, but the number does.\n\n3. What art has done for men, nature has, in many instances, done for those animals which are incapable of using art. Their clothing of its own accord changes with their necessities.\n\n4. The hare doubles and winds in a most ingenious manner, when she runs from her enemies, in order to conceal her track, which they would follow by the scent. The rabbit pops his little head out of his hole to peer for danger, before he ventures abroad.\n\n5. The planets are celestial bodies which revolve round the sun on the same principle as the earth. They are divided into primary and secondary. Those which revolve immediately round the sun are called primary. The smaller ones which revolve round primary planets are called secondary.\n\n6. Chemistry makes us acquainted with many facts of which, without it, we must have remained in ignorance. How wonderful that the diamond should be made of the same material with coal, and that the most part, by bulk, of water should be an inflammable substance.\n\nXIII. TRANSLATION.\n\nCHINESE INTO ENGLISH.\n\n(SPECIAL.)\n\n果然中首選\n\n籌矣次榜胡\n\n及第輪君一\n\n日待我明年\n\n元及第矣胡\n\n胡湯睡漢狀\n\n狀元寄聲於\n\n恨之明年中\n\n睡漢耳呂甚\n\n笑曰是一渴\n\n燈不成夢胡\n\n(100 marks.)\n\n客曰桃盡寒\n\n間有何好句\n\n宜少加禮胡\n\n曰呂公能詩\n\n客有知之者\n\n旦待呂甚薄\n\n縣宰之子胡\n\n時曾遊桂縣\n\n呂蒙正未第", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-157 - Sir MacDonnell Acting Governor Sir Kennedy - 1872 [4-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 296039, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-170 - Sir Kennedy - 1875 [1-3] -- Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [3-6]", "page_number": 501, "title": "CO129-170 - Sir Kennedy - 1875 [1-3] -- Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [3-6]", "content_text": "## Page 493\n\nThe larger block in the site of that shown on the plan is the Lecture Theatre, which the Colonial Surgeon says is not required.\n\nThe basement floors should be raised at least four feet from the level of the ground.\n\nIt is not deemed advisable to build the Hospital in stone on account of the increased cost. Excellent brick at considerably less expense is procurable from Canton. With the exceptions of a few Public Buildings with granite basements and Verandahs, there is not in Hong Kong, a City of 100,000 inhabitants, a single house built in stone.\n\nThe use of brick would, render impossible, this otherwise admirable suggestion of hollow walls to ensure coolness.\n\nThe provision of maximum strength at minimum cost against the forces of typhoons, which in these latitudes are violent enough not only to unroof houses but literally to knock them down, renders solid walls a necessity.\n\nThe Colonial Surgeon and the other Government Medical Officers consulted appear to lay very great stress upon the necessity of having Verandahs. Experience shows us that during typhoons, all substitutes of a light kind, such as sunshades, window hoods, louvred balconies, &c., are generally shaved clean off the face of any building from which they may project, by the force of the wind.\n\nFor the same reason, it is also important to have the Pavilions flat roofed.\n\nSurveyor General, 6th May 1876", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-170 - Sir Kennedy - 1875 [1-3] -- Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [3-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 297438, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-172 - Public Offices & Others - 1875", "page_number": 536, "title": "CO129-172 - Public Offices & Others - 1875", "content_text": "to be brought\n\non the hollow bar and to be opened inwards directly\n\ner\n\nof\n\nalong the ascending times; the centre compartment to be hung with lines and weight and to open downwards ordinary sash window, the lower compartment might either open or be fixed.\n\nAJ\n\nA\n\nSash\n\nbeel di\n\nOpenings with bit and miss grating would be provided under that a free circulation of air might be obtained - Independently of this windows and if necessary openings might be provided in the walls and Ceiling also.\n\nThe Sinks Latrines and Lavatories was to be fitted up with all the appliances most approved of in the London Hospitals In the absence of more precise information with respect to the means of drainage provided at Hong Kong we are unable to make any definite proposal but in the execution of the Work the greatest attention must be paid to the thorough ventilation of the drains before they are brought into contact with the Hospital and, beyond all drain or soil pipes both in and outside the Hospital itself. 11.1, would be provided to convey provisions from the Kitchen to each floor.\n\nThe plan shows that it is proposed to attach a Comptoir Washing Establishment there is also a Dead House and Post Mortem Room with Sanitary annex and other offices.\n\nSo far as the plans are prepared at present the Ventilation is proposed to be left to depend upon the use of the windows and the openings beneath the beds but if artificial means of ventilation were to be desirable there would be no difficulty in supplying push and trunk air as wished for in the Wards and exhausting the Ward air by artificial means independently of the windows but such a system entails more expense in the first instance and requires Skilled labor to work satisfactorily.\n\nIt is thought that at Hong Kong the Climate will probably be such to render unnecessary the artificial Means.\n\nIt is proposed that such warmth as may be necessary should be provided for by coils or a system of hot water pipes arranged.\n\n1. Wards -\n\nThe boilers for the supply of hot water to the Coils and for the general supply of the Hospital would be placed below the centre Blocks; pipes conveying the water would be laid along the floors of", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-172 - Public Offices & Others - 1875.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 297923, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-173 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [1-3]", "page_number": 384, "title": "CO129-173 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [1-3]", "content_text": "necessary to provide permanent Barrack and Hospital accommodation for the amazing number of 150 Officers and \n\n2500 Rank and File, \n\nrequiring altogether as he states \"at least 8 times the extent of Building now 'Existing'\". As thirty acres of the most eligible land at Kowloon have been occupied by the Military down to the taking up of every suitable site for a Naval Hospital, as we have recently seen, and to the great pecuniary loss of the Colony by preventing the sale of land at a time when purchasers were \n\nready to give large sums for suitable building sites there, it becomes a matter of serious inquiry \n\nwhether \n\n381 \n\nwhether Her Majesty's Government has the least intention of quartering in Hong Kong and Kowloon the prodigious \n\nMilitary force which might be \n\naccommodated on the extensive tracts reserved for the use of the War Department. \n\n22. It seems clear that the policy of Her Majesty's Government is tending quite the other way, and in any case I sincerely hope that if further Barracks or Hospitals are to be built, some healthier place may be found than in the very lap and \n\nhollow of the mountain where the good land is, of which the War \n\nDepartment would, according to \n\nColonel", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-173 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 298118, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]", "page_number": 42, "title": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]", "content_text": "The hospital has similar means of ventilation and is furnished with a small kitchen. Keeping the diet warm, preparing food, and a range with oven, warm pantry, and a housemaid for sixty ward linen, address for the crockery, a press forward for ward linen and a ward scullery with sink and cold water tap for washing up, and a filter for water. At the opposite end of the verandah is a pantry communicating with the ward in two towers, so arranged as not to interfere with the communication between all parts of the verandah, thus preserving freedom of access from the wards and entire isolation, are the sanitary adjuncts consisting of urinals and a hospital, with two W.C.s, two bathrooms, and lavatories therein. The ward and two bath rooms in the blocks, as well as all other buildings, have verandahs from 10 to 12 feet wide, then formed by brick arches resting on cast iron columns, a method of construction which enables a large amount of shelter from the sun to be obtained and structural stability to resist typhoons. The walls of the wards, as of all the buildings of the hospital, are designed to face the weather, with a hollow cavity and non-conducting material, and to be stable with the quantity of material, a corresponding increase in durability is provided.\n\nA large proportion of window area is provided, there being either a casement or a double-hung window. Each ward has windows arrayed in two facets, the upper and lower sashes being hung on hinges to open inwards and double hung with iron catches. The ventilation of all the wards is provided for by inlet ventilators and extracting shafts; the inlets are small flues formed within the thickness of the walls.\n\nPage 41", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 298133, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]", "page_number": 57, "title": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]", "content_text": "Course and \n\nthe \n\nremaining work the \n\nwell \n\nAll \n\n56 \n\nflushed with Inner quarry cause. \n\nthe walls which are \n\nso shown on the plans \n\nare to be built hollow and will consist \n\nof a \n\n\"a 4½\" inside lining, well tied and bonded \n\nin parts \n\nIn the external walls with wrought (bound sketch 802) 8½\" lazy header and \n\n16 \n\n- thick, dipped in tar and placed \n\nEach superficial foot \n\nme to \n\nand to be arranged \n\nto break joint butically (rough sketch to 3) In reveals of windows and door openings \n\nthe ties to be there counter \n\nCavity or an aperture \n\nAs \n\nabove \n\nonly aperture. The \n\n〃 \n\n2½\" wide and care to be taken to keep it and the ties clear \n\nof mortar during the progress of the work. \n\nThe ½\" work will be laid as far \n\n• for as with stretchers only, where \n\nbrick from one half being of three whole brick \n\nbeing allowed, the bond solid work \n\nthroughout in English bond. \n\nProvide and build in, about two courses above the top of arched openings in basements \n\nof all buildings, two courses of hoop iron bond \n\nrods for walls 2½\" thick, too \n\nin three rows \n\nrods for walls 1'6\" or 1'2\" thick : hoop iron of the best gauge, well lapped and loided. In towers the courses of iron \n\nrows \n\nJust above arches of basements and two \n\nthree rows above to windows of \n\nGround and first floors. \n\nof \n\n12. Half Brick Partitions - Loose brick paviors Swiss quartering filled in with brick nogging in half cement and \n\n18.- \n\nhalf toned. \n\nPointing - throughout the structure with a neat flat joint and jointed.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 298178, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]", "page_number": 102, "title": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]", "content_text": "the necessary sanitary arrangements consisting of four water closets, two lavatories and a hospital slop sink in one; and one lavatory and lavabo in the other. The Ward buildings, as well as all other buildings, have verandahs from 10 to 12 feet wide, formed of brick arches resting on cast iron columns, a method of construction which enables a large amount of shelter from the sun to be obtained in the buildings of the Hospital.\n\nThe walls of the wards, and of all other hollow or block buildings, are constructed with a space in order to increase their non-conducting properties and additional stability to give solidity to the structure better calculated to resist typhoons than any system of light iron verandahs.\n\nA large proportion of window area is provided, there being either a window or a glazed door to ...\n\n \nE\na\n101\n\n1~\ntive\nA\nAv\nbeocko\ndreiqued\nAY\n\nPage ... (assumed page information, not clear from the text)\n\n was removed as not six lines, and the content is not clearly a page number, the original text has `1~`, `tive`, `A`, `Av`, `beocko`, `dreiqued`, `AY` which seems to be OCR errors or unrelated text, and `E`, `a`, `101` which also seems unrelated to the main content. The main content was reformatted into paragraphs. Minor corrections were made to obvious OCR errors like \"dpends\" to \"arrangements\", \"revivaly\" was not corrected as it could be a OCR error for \"lavatories\" but \"two lavatories\" is present, \"briek\" to \"brick\", \"non - Con.\" to \"non-conducting\", \"preist\" to \"resist\", \"Verandahs. _\" to \"verandahs.\", \"avra\" to \"area\", \"avri\" was not present but \"AY\" was, and \"own\" to \"sun\". The sentence was reordered and rejoined where necessary. The text \"E\", \"a\", \"101\" and other unrelated text were not included in the main content as they do not form coherent sentences with the rest of the text. The original text had some words missing or unclear, `...` was added to indicate a missing word. The output is in HTML format using for paragraphs.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 309904, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-195 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [1-4]", "page_number": 30, "title": "CO129-195 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [1-4]", "content_text": "(8)\n\n(9)\n\n29\n\nwin and hydrometeors, such as are usual in observatories of the first order; together also with apparatus, such, for example, as Seismic instruments, which is pretty certain to be procured before long. I propose also to provide a small room for the Electrograph, which will be referred to further in connexion with observations of atmospheric electricity. I have added, at Mr. BOWDLER's suggestion, an upper storey, to be appropriated as quarters for the Director. I recommend that the building be constructed of red bricks, the walls of the lower storey being made 1 ft. 9 in. thick, and those of the upper storey 1 ft. 2 in. thick.\n\nSo lately as last February, Dr. WARREN DE LA RUE furnished the Colonial Office with a list of the instruments necessary for these purposes in a first-class meteorological observatory. The list comprises a Barograph, a Thermograph, an Anemograph, a Rain-gauge, a Sunshine Recorder, and an Electrograph; together costing about £397.\n\nOf these, the Barograph, or self-recording barometer, will be accommodated in the Magnetic Room in the basement, to be presently described.\n\nFor the Thermograph—i.e., self-registering (photographic) dry and wet bulb thermometers—a special hut and shed will have to be put up in the grounds of the observatory. This may, however, be left until the instruments arrive.\n\nIn laying out the building on the ground, it will be important to obtain accurate orientation, for which purpose I suggest that Polaris be observed with a theodolite at one of its culminations, and a meridian line carefully marked at the observation. The transit-room will need vertical shutters about two feet wide, opening in the north and south walls from a height of four feet above the floor and extending to the roof; also roof-doors of the same width, so that there may be a clear view of the meridian from the south to the north horizon.\n\nThe rooms should be 15 feet high, from floor to ceiling, and the roof be made as flat as possible, in order that it may be utilised for some of the meteorological apparatus.\n\nEspecial care must be given to protection of the building against lightning, for which purpose one conductor should be placed at each angle of the main block, and the points carried at least eight feet above the parapet, the earth ends being sunk below ground until permanently damp soil is reached.\n\nPiers, isolated from contact with the surrounding soil or any parts of the building, will be needed for the transit-instrument, the electrograph, the collimator, and each of the two clocks. These should be built of red bricks, in cement, and be carried down to firm ground, at a depth of not less than four feet in any case, there resting on good foundations of cement concrete.\n\nA building on a plan somewhat as shown in the accompanying tracing will probably answer well for the present purposes of the Observatory. If at a future time it should be decided to increase the equipment, the east and west wings could be extended so as to accommodate a Photoheliograph for the record of sun-spots, as suggested by His Excellency the Governor, and an Equatorial telescope.\n\nIt would be necessary, in this case, to raise the equatorial sufficiently high to obviate any serious interruption of the sky view by the upper storey of the main block; and, for architectural symmetry, the photoheliograph might be similarly raised.\n\nA building of the kind above suggested would probably cost, with piers, &c., about $10,500, to which $500 must be added for furniture and fitments. A small additional building, to contain quarters for a caretaker, servant and coolies, with a store, workshop, kitchen and other offices, and connected with the main edifice by a covered way, would cost say $2,400 more.\n\nII. Meteorology.\n\nThe proposal to establish a meteorological branch of the observatory, under skilled management and supplied with the best modern apparatus, commands approval for two reasons.\n\nIn the first place, as Dr. DE LA RUE has indicated, such an institution will furnish the science with valuable and much-needed data, from a locality well suited for the observation and collection of facts appertaining to certain phenomena of special interest.\n\nSecondly, it cannot fail to have a direct and practical value, as being the means of affording security, by its predictions and weather warnings, to life and property, in seas navigated by vast numbers of native and foreign vessels, but subject during four or five months of the year to rotatory storms of appalling violence and danger.\n\nThe Anemograph, or self-recording Anemometer, is an instrument the best and newest forms of which are constructed to register continuously the direction, pressure and velocity of the wind. A small turret, to carry the vane, &c., for the instrument, of whatever pattern, may be erected centrally over the front verandah roof of the main building, and the spindle be carried through the roof to the registering apparatus placed in a small chamber or compartment on the upper verandah, as shown in the drawing.\n\nThe Rain-gauge, to judge from the high price (£60) set against it in the list, is doubtless a self-recording instrument, or pluviograph.\n\nThe Sunshine Recorder is a contrivance for marking and measuring the duration of sunshine. The instrument in use at Greenwich consists of a solid glass ball four inches in diameter, supported in a hollow hemispherical bowl of three inches' radius.\n\nThe Electrograph of Dr. DE LA RUE's list, though not described, is doubtless a THOMSON'S Quadrant Electrometer, fitted for photographic self-registration. I have provided a small room for it on the ground floor of the main building, the window of which can be darkened to the extent required.\n\nThe whole of the above are autographic instruments, and need only occasional attention, for changing the record-sheets, pointing the pencils, &c.\n\nThe second branch of work appertaining to the Meteorological Department will be the observation and collection, as far as possible, of facts and phenomena relating to typhoons, both for the protection of marine interests and for the purpose of contributing bit by bit to our knowledge of a subject at present but little understood.\n\nFor weather warnings, the telegraphic cables connecting this port with others on the coast, and with Manila, will furnish most valuable aid. Past observations seem to show that the typhoons which sweep the Southern China sea for the most part originate in a region the centre of which is situated about a thousand miles (in round numbers) to the south and east of the Philippines.\n\nPage 30\n\nPage 31", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-195 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 309979, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-195 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [1-4]", "page_number": 105, "title": "CO129-195 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [1-4]", "content_text": "The China Mail.\n\nHONGKONG, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 15, 1881.\n\nYESTERDAY'S STORM.\n\nEXTENSIVE DESTRUCTION AT YAU-MAH-TI\n\nYau-mah-ti suffered very severely from the storm last night. Over two hundred and fifty (250) junks or boats of one kind or another were in the Bay, and these, one and all, seemed to ride out the fury of the gale pretty well until, between 7 and 8 o'clock, the wind changed to the south-east, and a time set in of serious storm, and much greater damage was done than had ever been up till then anticipated. The craft to the number we have mentioned began to drift surely and rapidly down, one upon another, and were piled up, junk above junk and sampan upon sampan, nearly all along the Praya more or less, but most particularly in the corner of the South side of the Wharf.\n\nThree large cargo boats, laden to the full with Chinese goods of every description intended for transmission to San Francisco, the cargo alone valued at some thirty thousand dollars ($30,000) and insured to that sum, were completely broken up; and the goods with which they had been laden, if not washed ashore in an almost worthless condition, were sunk or scattered to the four winds of heaven.\n\nThe Police, however, to their credit be it said, succeeded in taking off from these junks as many as 39 persons all told, including nine children, all being rescued by means of lines thrown or carried out and utilized by those Europeans who were at hand and exerted themselves; of whom more hereafter.\n\nThe manner of rescuing the children from the straits in which they and those in whose charge they were, were placed, may show, with some degree of effect, the condition to which matters were reduced. The boats were end on and or side by side. The huge sea that was on, at the time kept the whole mass of them heaving to an extent that was simply frightful to behold; at the one moment one craft was on the crest of a wave which poetic license would justify one in describing as \"mountains high,\" and the other being lost to sight in the trough of the sea or rather in the deep and dark threatening hollow between the breakers which compassed her on either side.\n\nThe next moment the positions of the craft were reversed as the turbulent sea heaved and tossed the vessels about. Under such circumstances the European members of the Police Force, to whom almost exclusively is due the great credit of saving a vast amount of human life, had to throw, send, or carry lines with which to bring the men and women on shore.\n\nThey had to form themselves, in the case of these cargo-boats we have mentioned, into a row from the outermost boat to the shore, from one member of which to another, the children were, not handed, but literally thrown, pitched sometimes several feet. In all cases, the police, however, proved careful, steady, precise and successful. In that case a young boy of tender years was thrown right into the water and fell between two boats, which had by the force of the waves been carried away from each other with a sudden jerk, just at the moment one pair of hands tossed the child to another.\n\nIt was only the work of a moment, however, to recover the child, although it was possible to do that only at considerable risk to those who accomplished the rescue.\n\nA large number of boat people, men, women and children, were landed by lines which were thrown from the end of the wharf and from the south end of the Praya. There were also many helped on shore who would, but for the aid given by those who were engaged in the work of rescuing the unlucky storm-overtaken sea-farers, have certainly been either drowned, or killed by crushing, or seriously hurt by the timbers and wreckage from which they were doing their best to escape.\n\nIn more than one case one or other of the police hands went out on board the craft from which it was desired to bring the people on shore. One poor woman, who was dragged on shore more dead than alive, had her little baby, an infant of certainly not more than a month or two, tied on to her back, \"China-fashion.\"\n\nIt was only by the greatest care and good treatment, for which as much as for their bravery the Police and above all their humane and intrepid head, Inspector J. B. Cameron, are greatly to be praised,—that all these people, 207, were preserved safe and well and cared for in the Police Station all night, to their hearts' content.\n\nAt Yau-mah-ti as here there was as great a difficulty in getting the Chinese to allow themselves to be saved as there was in saving them. The latter task only required British pluck and strength, which were there in as large a measure as they are generally to be found amongst an equal number of men.\n\nThe former necessitated a persuasive eloquence as to the facts of the present and probabilities of the future which there were neither the men nor the moments to expend. At first few of the Chinese could be brought to avail themselves of the offer made on behalf of the noble, rescuing band working on shore, to save them by bringing them to terra firma.\n\nIt was only when they began to see the storm increasing rapidly and becoming one of unmitigated ferocity and when they witnessed junk after junk and boat after boat, smashed into match-wood, that they really appreciated the seriousness of the situation and were eager or even willing to submit themselves to be saved from a watery grave or a cruel death.\n\nIn their case, they said, when afterwards examined upon the point, it was, if they were to lose their boat and their all, perhaps as well that they should die too. What had they to live for, if everything was taken from them? Some others seemed to think they bore a charmed existence.\n\nThere could be no typhoon, by any possibility, and consequently they could not be drowned, they said, because it was too late in the season. Others comforted themselves with the Fatalist's comfort that if their time was come it was come and nothing could arrest what was going to happen; if their time was not come then they could not be carried off, and anything they did to save themselves from drowning was simply so much trouble wasted.\n\nWhen it became apparent, however, to the most cursory observer, that not only did an extremely serious time threaten,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-195 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 310566, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-196 - Public Offices & Others - 1881", "page_number": 143, "title": "CO129-196 - Public Offices & Others - 1881", "content_text": "139\n\nLAUS 26 MAR 21\n\nNo. 138.\n\nSir T. Wade to Earl Granville.-(Received March 7.)\n\n(No. 1. Confidential.)\n\nPeking, January 6, 1881.\n\nMy Lord,\n\nWHEN at the Yamên yesterday, I asked the Ministers present what might be the meaning of the insertion of such an Article as that prohibiting American trade in opium inserted in the new Treaty with the United States.\n\nI had gone thither, in fact, to ascertain whether anything had happened that might affect the arrangement proposed by the Prince of Kung, namely, that at Shanghae opium should be bonded, and the li-kin upon it collected by the Customs Inspectorate; this as an experiment, which was to be put on its trial for five years. I had received some time since a telegram on the subject from your Lordship, which led me to believe that the arrangement would not be disapproved, but I had represented, I said, that its approval, as I had more than once pointed out to their Excellencies, would be a hollow farce until all other Powers accepted it likewise. Every Treaty Power having opium in its Tariff, any British importer who objected to the bonding system would simply bring his opium into port under the flag of some dissentient Power.\n\nAll this, which they had repeatedly heard before, the Ministers of the Yamên readily admitted. I had made the question also a plea for urging the speedy settlement of the question of taxing imports and exports inland, until which was arrived at the consent of some of my colleagues to the bonding of opium in Shanghae would be certainly withheld. And on this point also the Chinese were quite at one with me.\n\nI then passed to the Article regarding opium in the new American Treaty. The Ministers did not admit precisely that it was entirely suggested on the American side, but they said that it could be of no possible use to China, the Americans taking but very small part, if any, in the opium trade. It was necessary that they should have something to show as gain before they surrendered any part of the Burlingame Treaty; and the Commercial Treaty now negotiated is simply a set-off against the Treaty enabling the United States to regulate, in the manner agreed, the immigration of Chinese labourers.\n\nMorally, the Article must be regarded, I think, as a blow given to the opium trade, but I shall have to trouble your Lordship at greater length upon this subject ere long.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed) THOMAS FRANCIS WADE.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-196 - Public Offices & Others - 1881.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 310973, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-196 - Public Offices & Others - 1881", "page_number": 555, "title": "CO129-196 - Public Offices & Others - 1881", "content_text": "542\n\n(8)\n\napparatus, such, for example, as Seismic instruments, which is pretty certain to be procured before very long. I propose also to provide a small room for the Electrograph, which will be referred to farther on. I have added, at Mr. BOWDLER's suggestion, an upper storey, to be appropriated as quarters for the Director. I recommend that the building be constructed of red bricks, the walls of the lower storey being made 1 ft. 9 in. thick, and those of the upper storey 1 ft. 2 in. thick. The rooms should be 15 feet high, from floor to ceiling, and the roof be made as flat as possible, in order that it may be utilised for some of the meteorological apparatus. Especial care must be given to protection of the building against lightning, for which purpose one conductor should be placed at each angle of the main block, and the points carried at least eight feet above the parapet, the earth ends being sunk below ground until permanently damp soil is reached.\n\nIn laying out the building on the ground, it will be important to obtain accurate orientation, for which purpose I suggest that Polaris be observed with a theodolite at one of its culminations, and a meridian line carefully marked at the observation. The transit-room will need vertical shutters about two feet wide, opening in the north and south walls from a height of four feet above the floor, and extending to the roof; also roof-doors of the same width, so that there may be a clear view of the meridian from the south to the north horizon. The collimator may be placed on a brick pier about fifteen feet to the north of the transit-room, a small room or hut six or seven feet square being built over it, for protection from the weather. It should be approximately horizontal with respect to the transit-instrument.\n\nPiers, isolated from contact with the surrounding soil or any parts of the building, will be needed for the transit-instrument, the electrograph, the collimator, and each of the two clocks. These should be built of red bricks, in cement, and be carried down to firm ground, at a depth of not less than four feet in any case, there resting on good foundations of cement concrete. The largest will be those for the transit-instrument and electrograph, which may measure about six feet by three feet. For the clocks the dimensions will be very much smaller. All of them had better be left unfinished at the floor-level until the instruments and clocks arrive.\n\nA building on a plan somewhat as shown in the accompanying tracing will probably answer as well as any for the present purposes of the Observatory. Lest it be thought that the space provided is somewhat more liberal than is necessary, it may be well to bear in mind the great heat of the summer weather, as well as the facts that ample room will be needed for presses for stores, stationery, records, &c., and that the requirements as to space in an establishment of this kind are certain to grow year by year. If at a future time it should be decided to increase the equipment, the east and west wings could be extended so as to accommodate a Photoheliograph for the record of sun-spots, as suggested by His Excellency the Governor, and an Equatorial telescope. It would be necessary, in this case, to raise the equatorial sufficiently high to obviate any serious interruption of the sky view by the upper storey of the main block; and, for architectural symmetry, the photoheliograph might be similarly raised. But, if a Siderostat in connexion with a fixed telescope should be preferred for gazing purposes to an equatorially mounted instrument, no such elevation would be needed. A building of the kind above suggested would probably cost, with piers, &c., about $10,500, to which $500 must be added for furniture and fitments. A small additional building, to contain quarters for a caretaker, servant and coolies, with a store, workshop, kitchen and other offices, and connected with the main edifice by a covered way, would cost say $2,400 more. Both of them may be at once designed in detail, and proceeded with, should the scheme here proposed receive the approval of the Government.\n\nII-Meteorology\n\nThe proposal to establish a meteorological branch of the observatory, under skilled management and supplied with the best modern apparatus, commands approval for two reasons. In the first place, as Dr. DE LA RUE has indicated, such an institution will furnish the science with valuable and much needed data, from a locality well suited for the observation and collection of facts appertaining to certain phenomena of special interest. Secondly, it cannot fail to have a direct and practical value, as being the means of affording security, by its predictions and weather warnings, to life and property, in seas navigated by vast numbers of native and foreign vessels, but subject during four or five months of the year to rotatory storms of appalling violence and danger.\n\nIts operations, like its purpose, will be twofold. There will be, to begin with, the systematic observation and record of the ordinary phenomena of pressure, temperature, humidity, rain, sunshine,\n\n(9)\n\nwind and hydrometeors, such as are usual in observatories of the first order; together also with observations of atmospheric electricity.\n\nSo lately as last February, Dr. WARREN DE LA RUE furnished the Colonial Office with a list of the instruments necessary for these purposes in a first-class meteorological observatory. The list comprises a Barograph, a Thermograph, an Anemograph, a Rain-gauge, a Sunshine Recorder, and an Electrograph; together costing about £397.\n\nOf these, the Barograph, or self-recording barometer, will be accommodated in the Magnetic basement, to be presently described.\n\nFor the Thermograph-i.e., self-registering (photographic) dry and wet bulb thermometers-a special hut and shed will have to be put up in the grounds of the observatory. This may, however, be left until the instruments arrive. The Thermograph, it will be observed, does away with the necessity for maximum and minimum thermometers, as the changes of temperature are recorded unceasingly.\n\nThe Anemograph, or self-recording Anemometer, is an instrument the best and newest forms of which are constructed to register continuously the direction, pressure and velocity of the wind. We are not told by Dr. DE LA RUE what kind will be sent. A small turret, to carry the vane, &c., for the instrument, of whatever pattern, may be erected centrally over the front verandah roof of the main building, and the spindle be carried through the roof to the registering apparatus placed in a small chamber or compartment on the upper verandah, as shown in the drawing. The turret must be provided with a lightning conductor.\n\nThe Rain-gauge, to judge from the high price (£60) set against it in the list, is doubtless a self-recording instrument, or pluviograph. At Greenwich, an Oster's Anemometer and Rain-gauge form a joint apparatus, by which wind and rain are registered on the same sheet of paper. This instrument needs no special provision beforehand.\n\nThe Sunshine Recorder is a contrivance for marking and measuring the duration of sunshine. The instrument in use at Greenwich consists of a solid glass ball four inches in diameter, supported in a hollow hemispherical bowl of three inches' radius, the two surfaces being separated from one another by a space of an inch. The rim of the bowl is marked like a sundial, and the interior surface is lined with a strip of prepared mill-board. Whenever the sun shines out, its rays, brought to a focus by the glass ball, burn a mark on this strip. The intervals and interruptions of sunshine are thus recorded. This instrument may be set up on the roof of the main building, for which purpose no special preparations are needed.\n\nThe Electrograph of Dr. DE LA RUE's list, though not described, is doubtless a THOMSON'S Quadrant Electrometer, fitted for photographic self-registration. It has been shown that I have provided a small room for it on the ground floor of the main building, the window of which can be darkened to the extent required. The collector for this instrument may be attached to a small mast on the roof, above the room; and the wire or rod be carried thence to the instrument, the pier for which should be capped with a slate or marble slab.\n\nThe whole of the above, it will be noticed, are autographic instruments, and need only occasional attention, for changing the record-sheets, pointing the pencils, &c. The labour of observation is thus reduced to a minimum.\n\nThe second branch of work appertaining to the Meteorological Department will be the observation and collection as far as possible of facts and phenomena relating to typhoons, both for the protection of marine interests and for the purpose of contributing bit by bit to our knowledge of a subject at present but little understood. It will include also the giving attention to the phenomena of the monsoons.\n\nFor weather warnings, the telegraphic cables connecting this port with others on the coast, and with Manila, will furnish most valuable aid. The Manila cable will be of special service in this respect. Past observations seem to show that the typhoons which sweep the Southern China sea for the most part originate in a region the centre of which is situated about a thousand miles (in round numbers) to the south and east of the Philippines. Of those which take Luzon in their course, some make for Hainan and the Gulf of Tonquin. Others pursue a more northerly direction, towards Formosa and", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-196 - Public Offices & Others - 1881.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 319310, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-204 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [11-12]", "page_number": 314, "title": "CO129-204 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [11-12]", "content_text": "## SLAVERY\n\nLABOUCHERE, on rising to call attention to the slavery, referred to a letter from Sir Benson Maxwell, which appeared in **The Times** of the 25th of March on the subject of slavery in the protected Malay States. That letter disclosed two facts--first, that our control was more absolute over those States than it was over our own colonies; and, secondly, that not only debtor slavery but also domestic slavery existed there. The Secretary for the Colonies stated in the House, soon after publication of the letter in question, that he intended to take steps for the abolition of debtor slavery, and hoped papers would shortly be laid on the table showing that domestic slavery had likewise been discontinued. Again, in North Borneo, which was now a British Protectorate State and part of the British Empire, provisional regulations had been laid down respecting slaves. One was to the effect that all slaves absconding would be returned to their masters, unless they could prove their freedom or showed that they had been cruelly treated. He hoped the Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs would take these regulations into his serious consideration.\n\nThe state of things existing in Hongkong was a disgrace to this country; the free trade for which it was renowned included free trade in slaves; the place was literally an entrepôt for slavery in all its forms. The statements showing this were made by Justice Smale and other authorities, and they were quite sufficient to justify demanding that the evil should be put an end to at once. It might be inferred that Chief Justice Smale had done his best to persuade the Attorney-General of the colony to institute prosecutions, and the Attorney-General appeared to have concluded that there was no use in doing so in the present state of the law. But the law in Hongkong was precisely the same as it was in this metropolis; that was the effect of Ordinances passed in 1843 and 1845.\n\nA report had been made to Chief Justice Smale by Mr. Francis, a barrister, which stated that relatively there was little or no family life in Hongkong among the Chinese, and therefore, no legitimate demand for either adopted male children or for domestic servitude; that from three-fourths to four-fifths of the Chinese women in Hongkong were prostitutes--living directly by prostitution; that the bulk of prostitutes were slaves bought and trained up at considerable expense for the purpose; owned there, or at Canton, and prostituted for the sole profit of their owners, redeemable only by purchase, and rarely able to purchase their freedom; that every Chinese woman who was not in the actual practice of prostitution engaged, if she could get the means, in buying and rearing girls for the work; that Singapore, Australia, and San Francisco were supplied from Hongkong with prostitutes, kept women, and concubines; that the profits of this trade were great and the temptation so strong that Chinese men and women were daily tempted into a career of open crime as kidnappers of women and children to supply the demand, not sufficiently met by the breeders; that there was a veritable slave trade and a genuine slave dealing carried on in Hongkong, but on a very large scale indeed; that the prosecutions under the local ordinances only touched the fringe of the garment of crime--only the abuses that had grown out of this tolerated slavery and slave trade; and that this slave holding and slave dealing were entirely supported, and the grosser abuses arising out of them and incidental to the kidnapping of women and children could never be put an end to.\n\nGirls of 18 or 14 were brought from Canton or elsewhere, and delivered according to bargain, as a regular matter of business for large sums of money. They went to their owners, and frequently, it would appear, to their own parents. Their regular earnings went to the gaolers, and the unfortunate creatures were subjected to extortion by regular traders residing beyond our jurisdiction. There were from 18,000 to 20,000 prostitutes in Hongkong, and from 4,000 to 5,000 respectable Chinese women.\n\nIn November, 1879, Chief Justice Smale, from his place on the bench, called attention to a placard offering a reward for the detention or restoration of a slave girl, and said: \"Has Cuba or has Peru ever exhibited more palpable, more public evidence of the existence of generally recognized slavery in these hot-beds of slavery than these placards do?\" Writing in October, 1879, Chief Justice Smale said: \"The more I penetrate below the polished surface of society here, the more convinced am I that the broad current of life here is more like that in the Southern States of America when slavery was dominant than it resembles the all-pervading civilization of England.\"\n\nAnd in another communication, he said: \"I take shame to myself that the appalling extent of kidnapping, buying, and selling slaves for what I may call ordinary servile purposes, and the buying and selling young females for worse than ordinary slavery has not presented itself before to me in the light it ought. It seems to me that it has been recognized and accepted as an ordinary feature of Chinese habits, and thus that, until special attention has been excited, it has escaped notice. The practice is on the increase. It is in this port, and in this colony especially, that the so-called Chinese custom prevails. Under the English flag slavery, it has been said, does not, cannot ever be. Under that flag it does exist in this colony, and is, I believe, at this moment more openly practised than at any former period of its history.\"\n\nThe hon. member read the text of a bill of sale under which a boy had been sold, and also the statement made by a Chinese girl of 14, who at the age of 11 had been sold by her parents to a Chinaman, who in Hongkong sold her to a young Chinese gentleman, who took her to his family house, from which she ran away, because she was beaten by her mistress.\n\nHe observed that there was a disposition to represent that these girls were well treated, and were benefited rather than injured by being thus dealt with. On that point, he would quote from a judgment delivered by Chief Justice Smale in a case that came before his court. The victim was brought into court in the arms of an inspector of police. She could not stand, and was like a medical man almost dying; her cheeks were pale and hollow to the eye.\n\nShe then narrated the history of her sufferings. This child, of about 13 years of age, lost her father, and about a year ago her mother sold her to someone who brought her to Hongkong and sold her to the female prisoner. The female prisoner beat her very often, sometimes with a rattan, and sometimes with firewood, taken from the ordinary bundles of split firewood, perhaps two or three times a week. She was beaten with firewood on the 3rd of November last, when her leg was broken. She cannot walk even now. Some time after that, the female prisoner burned her on the arm and hand with a hot crimping-iron. The little girl showed eight places where the marks of the burning remained.\n\nOne neighbour described the beating on the 3rd of November last--that the little girl was tied up by her hands to a bamboo, which hung from the ceiling, by the clothes line by the male prisoner, and that she was beaten by the woman with a piece of firewood (described as being about 2ft. long and 1in. in diameter). This witness saw the female prisoner strike the little girl two or three times on one of her legs; then the man struck the little girl, still tied up; and he then untied her, and on the support of her being tied up failing her, the little girl fell down.\n\nIt would be said, perhaps, that this was an isolated case, but Chief Justice Smale was not of that opinion. \"I fear,\" said he, \"that, though it may be pre-eminently atrocious, hundreds, nay, thousands, of cases of a like kind have existed in this colony and under the British flag.\" In Hongkong, a regular slave market existed for the purpose of supplying Australia and California. The price was various: women bought in Hongkong cost from $50 to $150, and when sold in California, they were to be disposed of for from $250 to $350.\n\nThe petitioners (natives) set forth that the decisions of the Lord Chief Justice had \"put all native residents of Hongkong in a state of extreme terror, the merchants and wealthy classes fearing that they might be found guilty of an indictable offence, and the low-class people that they might be deprived of means to preserve their lives, that is by selling children to be domestic servants.\"\n\nSIR H. HOLLAND desired to remove a few of the misunderstandings that would probably be raised by the speech of the hon. member. The Gold Coast and Lagos did not become protected States after the Ashantee War, but were Crown colonies long before, though certain other States were protected after the war, and were the subject of a proclamation by Lord Carnarvon, which had had an admirable effect in suppressing domestic slavery.\n\nAs to Hongkong, the state of things there was very much to be deplored. The evils which flowed from the Chinese system of marrying young girls were enormous. But it was a different thing from the institution of slavery. The hon. member had cut the ground from under his feet as regards this country, because he had admitted that the law of that country was the same as the law here. If any case of slavery was brought before the Court at Hongkong, it would be dealt with as in England.\n\nMr. ARNOLD said that no one could doubt that slavery had increased of late. The Consul's report from Jeddah showed that the stock of slaves had so increased by importation that prices had gone down 50 per cent. From other quarters, they had proof that the Circassian and Georgian slaves were also increasing. This was the white slave trade, and many of those were as fair and as lovely as the handsomest of our own people.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-204 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 319899, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-205 - Public Offices - 1882", "page_number": 454, "title": "CO129-205 - Public Offices - 1882", "content_text": "## 11.\n\nA main magazine, laboratory, and Artillery stores have yet to be provided, as well as a guard room for men in charge of the battery, in time of peace.\n\nThe requirements necessary for the completion of the battery are laid down in the following extracts from paragraphs 70, 71, 72 of Capt. McCallum's report of 17th January, 1800:\n\n70.--The concrete escarp wall, as at present constructed, is of minimum section, and Chinese coolie labour at Singapore not being very good at any time, I would propose that a 2′ 6′′ facing should be given to it of Malacca stone, a cheap, tough conglomerate, which is taken out in handy blocks and becomes hard on exposure to the air. The present gorge parapet should be thrown forward into the hollow in front of the counter scarp and its place supplied by a loopholed wall. The ditches also should be generally improved. The escarp of the horn-work and its redan should be heightened and so constructed from re-entering angle to re-entering angle that a chemin des rondes may run all round, from which the hollows and slopes in front may be searched by musketry fire. The present gorge wall should be continued until it meets the cliff on the reverse of the \"gun emplacements\", and, in like manner, the loopholed wall should be carried round the cliff until it meets the flank parapet of the right 9\" gun.\n\n71.--Between the 9\" battery and the lower 7\" battery, should be constructed a main magazine, protected behind the cliff in front, when the present spacious ammunition stores could be strengthened from the inside and converted into expense magazines, with separate supply passages as at present designed.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-205 - Public Offices - 1882.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 320601, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-206 - Public Offices & Others - 1882", "page_number": 565, "title": "CO129-206 - Public Offices & Others - 1882", "content_text": "worth while building an asylum at all; moreover the vacant chambers can always be utilized for the storage of linen and bedding.\n\nThe site chosen is a plot of vacant Crown land above the western European suburb of Victoria, and removed from the immediate neighborhood of houses, the nearest building being a stable which is 350 feet distant from the hollow of the proposed asylum-garden.\n\nThe selection of the site was referred to a Board composed of the Principal Medical Officers of Naval and Military authorities, and the spot so intreatingly was recommended by them on account of its privacy and healthy situation. The surrounding ground is at present devoid of picturesque vegetation, but it is intended to plant the whole of the neighbouring hill slope with fir trees and saplings taken from the Government nurseries, and to lay out a flower garden 75 feet by 120 feet in front of the proposed building, which will face the North and command a beautiful view of the harbour and the mountains on the mainland opposite.\n\n## Buildings\nThe proposed Establishment is designed on so small a scale, owing to the very limited number of patients, that its appearance will be simply that of a small private house. It will be a brick building with two stories, and will be provided with outbuildings at the back, looking out on a small yard, the surface of which will be asphalted. The upper and lower floors will be similar in all respects.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-206 - Public Offices & Others - 1882.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 325457, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-216 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [5-6]", "page_number": 46, "title": "CO129-216 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [5-6]", "content_text": "possibly might have failed to save the firing of the town, but at any rate, they might have harassed the Chinese retreat, probably seized some treasure, and they would almost certainly have prevented the cutting of the bridge. As it was, the Chinamen were as safe as they had been the day before in their casemates.\n\nMeanwhile the first column, for which we had waited, was a day late. The General had missed the bad hill-track which was intended for him and taken a worse one which led him up and down hillside like the roof of a house. However, he learnt of the capture of Hung-Hoa in time and detached a column to attack Dong-Vong, a bill fort to the south-west of Hung-Hoa, whither a portion of the garrison was supposed to have fled. More execrable roads led Colonel Coronnat to this place. It was comparatively new and was situated in an ideally bad position. In a hollow surrounded by hills, one might almost have pitched stones on the heads of the garrison from the heights round about. It was a kind of hill chalet of the Annamese General, Prince Hoang-ke-visu, and he had shown his discretion in getting out of it. The place was perfectly empty, except that the wife of one of the Prince's attendants had been unaccountably left behind. Everything except her house was burnt, and the mud walls and bamboo fence were destroyed. A curious discovery, however, was made in one of the houses. A soldier in search of loot came upon several pipes of European manufacture - of French manufacture in fact, the pattern known as the pipe Jacob. There were some packets of French tobacco and some other signs of a white man, notably an old Vermouth case and some empty tins of condensed milk, recalling the cartridges sent up to Sontay through Hanoi. The owner of those properties was presumed to have been an American, on what grounds did not sufficiently appear, and it was concluded that to him was due the credit of the construction of the defences of Hung Hoa.\n\nMeanwhile operations are over for this season. After some consultation it was decided not to march on to Tuyen-Kwan. The place is four days off and the roads would appear to be somewhat bad even for Tonquin. Moreover, some very hot days have given warning of the approach of the warm weather. To-day, therefore, the first detachment of troops marched back to Hanoi. A strong post will be left here and they will have abundance of work before them in building themselves barracks. The prospect does not seem to have been palatable to some of the troops, for there have been several cases of desertion, though where the men have gone to - each with his rifle, complete kit, and a hundred and twenty cartridges - does not appear. As soon as the troops return, a battalion will be sent to occupy Thai-Nguyen, a place which, by the way, should never have been given up; and the rest will be occupied in purging the country of pirates and generally pacifying the land. The most important column will be one which is to march south from Hanoi, through Nam-Dinh and Ninh Bình to Thanh Hoa and possibly on to Hue. It appears that the Hué envoys who arrived here just before the departure of the expedition to Bacninh are not now looked on with so much favour as when they ate lunch in the French Concession and regarded the evolutions of the balloonists with intelligence. On their return journey to the Annamese capital, they visited a number of villages in the Southern provinces, and by a sinister coincidence, shortly after their departure there was a massacre of Christians. It is to avenge these martyrs that the column marches. There is also talk of some gold mines at a place called Mi-Duc, which I cannot find on any map, but which I understand to be near the river Day close to the sea. These mines are said to be worked by Chinamen, and they maintain their position with the aid of Winchester repeating rifles. They are to be moved out of that.\n\nPage 30\n\n1474\n\n45", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-216 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [5-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 328051, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-220 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [1-3]", "page_number": 429, "title": "CO129-220 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [1-3]", "content_text": "# \nwhich rejoiced the hearts of our coolies and was appreciated by our ponies. In the yard on the opposite side of the narrow, miry street, the ambulance was placed, and by the light of lanterns, the doctors were attending to the wounded. Frequent visits were made here by General Negrier and Colonel Giovanninelli, chief of the first brigade, and speedily, rumour says, to be made a General. General Briere de l'Isle also paid a visit before leaving on the following day. A few yards from our quarters was the covered gate of the village. Passing through it, early in the morning, to perform my toilet at the stream, I saw a dead Chinaman stretched upon the ground within the enclosure. Had he, with something of the spirit of the famous Roman sentinel, refused to quit the gate when the storm came and perished at his post?\n\n## \n\nNext day, the two Turcos battalions led the way, it being their turn to take the front. These were early followed by the battalions of the marine infantry, and artillerymen. During the night, the Chinese had been seen moving about, collecting their dead, and in the morning, they were found to have fallen back on the road to a more defensible position amongst the interminable hills—I say interminable, because the hills, on either side, reached to the horizon, like the waves of a troubled sea.\n\n## \n\nAbout 9:30 a.m., about an hour after the head of the column had started, there was a little skirmishing. Then there was silence. We moved forward slowly until 11 o'clock, when a brisk fire was opened upon the enemy, and sharply responded to by them, in their turn. A dense mist, gathered on the hills, delayed the action of the artillery, but at 12 o'clock, their guns began to play, and for nearly two hours, there was an incessant interchange between the opposing forces, the French gradually working their way, amidst a hot fire, along the ridge facing the enemy. During the hottest of the fire, the staff were standing on the sheltered side of the hill, the column slowly making its way along the road wending amongst the hills behind. In the hollow below were some of the ambulance corps, headed by the Doctor-in-Chief. A lieutenant of the marine infantry was brought in wounded in the foot. Occasional bullets passed amongst us, and a few yards from where I was, a sub-lieutenant of the staff, a particular favourite of General Briere de L'Isle, was struck. With a long-drawn \"Oh\" and the word \"maman\" on his lips, he fell from his horse and died.\n\n## \n\nAt 1:45, firing ceased, the Chinese having been compelled to retreat to another position. In the short interval that preceded the final outbreak, we moved on along the ridge which had been occupied by the marine corps; and, in a few minutes, had evidence of the severity of the struggle. On a level spot at the turn of the road were collected about 60 Turcos; and the ambulance men were bringing in others from the heights around. A few were dead, and were being carried off to be buried. The doctors were busy among the wounded, dressing their wounds, and placing the worst cases on thick beds and the others on canvas stretchers, which were carried to the rear by the ambulance coolies, four coolies to each stretcher. An officer had been wounded in the leg, but only stopped to cut down the leather of his boots, and then went on with his men. One of the men whom I saw had been grazed just on the nostril. Some of the artillerymen were again wounded; their commandant was killed.\n\n## \n\nAt 4 o'clock, we mounted the crest of the hill to see the Chinese make their last stand on the ridge of the plain, about 900 yards ahead of us. From the hills rather to the left, commanding the ridge, the Turcos, and further back the artillery, were pouring in their fire. For a time, there was a lively response, part of which reached us, and caused the General to order his chasseurs to descend below the crest of the hill. But, ere long, the reply became feebler and at 4:30 it ceased.\n\n## \n\nFor an hour, we advanced amongst the bleak hills, everywhere finding traces of the conflict in the dead bodies of Turcos not yet reached by the Red Cross men, and a larger number of Chinese whom, in their last hasty retreat, the enemy had not been able to carry off with them. One dead man had his gun (a Mauser) beside him.\n\n## \n\nThe Staff took up its quarters for the night in a small village situated on a partially-wooded slope, and the troops camped out amongst the hills on the surrounding heights. In the darkness and gathering mist, I tried to find a shelter in the village, but for long in vain. The houses were few and small and of the poorest kind. I had unsaddled my pony in a dark corner, and disposed myself for the night on the wet grass, when I was hailed by a friend, who gave the welcome intelligence that he had found shelter. In a short passage, about a yard wide, we came to a broken-down tenement, into the upper chamber of which, after performing a gymnastic exercise, for there were neither stairs nor ladder, we were thankful to find a place to lie down in. Our baggage coolies were miles in the rear, so that there was no hope of obtaining our food from them. My companion had in his saddle bag an army biscuit and a part of a tin of cheese; I happily had in mine two biscuits and a tin of marmalade; so we fared fairly well.\n\n## \n\nOur covering was meagre for a cold night, but we slept a little. Our ponies were made happy by the find of a magazine of rice, one thing in which all the villages of this quarter are rich.\n\n## \n\nThere was found here also a store of powder, bullets, and cartridges, German make, for the Winchester repeating rifle, Kynoch's percussion caps, &c., and, in the morning, scores of the soldiers were receiving from the stores white bags of untanned leather and Chinese make, intended, probably, for carrying cups.\n\n## \n\nNext day, the 18th February, our march was free and uninterrupted, save by occasional obstructions in the muddy road. At 11 a.m., we entered the deserted citadel of Langson. On entering, we heard that the enemy intended to show fight outside. Passing through to the rampart on the north side, we could see a small body on the opposite side of the river, the Song Ki Cang, ranged, with gaudy flags and banners in the fort of Ki-lua, less than a thousand yards distant. Two guns were brought up; one or two shots caused the banners and their bearers to disappear within the forts, and one or two more caused them to vacate the fort, and beat another and, perhaps, final retreat.\n\n## \n\nIn itself, Langson is a mean place, and the larger village of Ki-lua, half a mile beyond, is equally mean, a collection of Annamite and Moong huts and a few Chinese houses. Encircled by hills, it is indefensible. Something of the picturesque is given to the scene by the fact that within the circle of the brown-green hills adjacent to the citadel, there creep out from the dull red sandy soil, rugged masses of white marble, covered with dark green bushes, and showing on their weather-stained sides large streaks of yellowish white. These stand out boldly in a way that is effective, and almost imposing, conveying something of the appearance of guardian castles disposed around for the protection of the citadel, or as if they were the homes of the local divinities, or haunts of the genii.\n\n## \n\nLarge stores of ammunition have been found here, and a number of brass guns, two mitrailleuses, and a few Krupps; some of these were found buried in the ground, which seems to be a Chinese practice when they are unable to carry off their guns.\n\n## \n\nAs to the fight en route to Langson, it was no doubt the stoutest resistance that the French have encountered since Sontai. I have not been able as yet to ascertain the whole number of killed and wounded in the series of engagements between Chu and Langson, but it must be large, especially since the last battle on the road, in which, perhaps, as many were disabled as in all the other engagements together. At the storming of...\n\nPage 427", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-220 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 328422, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-221 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [4-6]", "page_number": 197, "title": "CO129-221 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [4-6]", "content_text": "# Enclosure\n## The Daily Press\n### HONGKONG, APRIL 5TH, 1895\n\n## ANNUAL INSPECTION OF THE POLICE FORCE\n\nThe annual inspection of the Hongkong Police Force was held yesterday afternoon at the Police Compound. All the men (about 330 strong of all ranks) who could be spared from duty were mustered, and at 4:45 p.m. were brought out into the compound and drawn up in companies, each being in charge of an inspector. They were then put through a few movements by the Adjutant of the force, Captain Dempster, under the supervision of Capt. Superintendent Deane, and in the end they were drawn up in double line, as follows: the mounted troopers were at the east end, the Europeans forming the first part of the line along the south side, then the Sikhs, and across the west end were a company of Water Police `lokangs` and a company of `lokangs` on service ashore. The men were in full uniform and fully armed, and drawn up in this manner they received His Excellency the Governor with a general salute.\n\nHis Excellency arrived shortly after 5:30, accompanied by Major-General Cameron, Commodore Morant, Major Cochrane (Brigade Major), Major Davies (Assistant Military Secretary), Capt. Lewis (Aide-de-Camp to His Excellency), and Lieut. Somerville (Aide-de-Camp to the General).\n\nHis Excellency and party walked down the lines and inspected the men, and when this was completed, the two companies of Europeans were wheeled round so that the men were then formed in three sides of a hollow square, in the centre of which was the inspecting party.\n\nHIS EXCELLENCY then addressed the force as follows:- Captain Superintendent, officers, non-commissioned officers, and men of the Hongkong Police Corps,- This is my third annual inspection of this force, and it is a great satisfaction to me to be enabled to congratulate you once more on your good conduct and efficiency. As you see, my gallant friends, General Cameron and Commodore Morant, have accompanied me, and they authorise me to state that they are much pleased with your smart and soldierlike bearing, not unworthy of that famous corps, the Royal Irish Constabulary. As you are already aware, General Cameron was much gratified with the rifle practice of those armed with the Martini-Henry carbines which I procured for you from England. At his recommendation I have increased the allowance for practice from 50 to 150 rounds per man.\n\nIf war should unfortunately break out you will add 300 effective men to the strength of the garrison, equal to one-fourth of the whole number; and I am sure that you will stand firmly, shoulder to shoulder, with your brethren of the army. I am equally confident that in time of peace you will never allow your military drill and discipline to interfere with your civil duties. And now, my friends, let me hear you give three cheers for the Queen, cheers in which I am sure the Sikhs and Chinese in your body will join heartily with their English comrades.\n\nHaving given three cheers for Her Majesty, the men also gave three cheers for His Excellency the Governor, and three more for General Cameron and Commodore Morant.\n\nAfter the address to the men, Captain Deane conducted the party over the Police Barracks, where all the departments were inspected, and the men were then dismissed.\n\nPage 196\nPage ... \n\nC O. \n`10026`\n`REG 16 UN`\n`May`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-221 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [4-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 337494, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8]", "page_number": 525, "title": "CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8]", "content_text": "# Annual Report on the Fire Brigade Department\n\n521 \n\nand used exclusively for adding new lengths when required, instead of as formerly having recourse to the engines when additional lengths were wanted, and lastly the practice of indiscriminately cutting down wood work has been entirely abandoned. No wood work can now be cut down without the order of an officer, and such an order is seldom required. In the opinion of many, the spread of the great fire in 1878 was largely due to the immense destruction of wood work on that occasion, the streets in some places being blocked with shutters and broken timbers which at one and the same time impeded the movements of the Brigade, and served as a bridge for the flames.\n\nWith regard to the spread of fires, they are occasioned by the beams and rafters of the roof of the house on fire being in contact with those of the adjoining houses, and in many cases protected from access by the ceiling below; also by the falling of lighted matter through the smoke holes of neighbouring houses, and again by projecting verandahs which probably contain inflammable articles. Heat alone is often sufficient to ignite either the opposite houses, or anything near that is capable of catching fire. A double brick-wall is, however, absolute protection to the extent of the space covered by it. Clothes stands on roofs, though invariably igniting, have not, so far as my experience goes, been a principal cause of fires spreading. They consist only of upright and horizontal bars, with hollow spaces between them, and do not readily burn.\n\nThe accompanying report from Mr. BREWER will show the state of the engines at the present time. They have worked well throughout the year, and have been carefully tended by Mr. BREWER, the Engineer, and Mr. WAGNER, the Assistant Engineer.\n\nThere is great need of another floating engine. The present floating engine lies at Yaumáti, and is not immediately available for service on this side. Also, when a fire occurs anywhere on the other side or in the harbour, there is no launch at the disposal of the Brigade for taking the men to these places. What is required is a floating engine similar to that now in use, and capable of transporting men to different parts of the Island. At present, if the existing floating engine breaks down, there is nothing able to take its place, and considering the vast shipping interests in the harbour, and the valuable property located at Yaumáti, the Naval Yard, Kowloon, and Hunghom, one floating engine is not enough. The nature of the country on the other side does not admit of the transport of land engines, and the only practicable method of dealing with fires there is by floating engines. I trust, therefore, that His Excellency will give this matter his favourable consideration and will sanction the purchase or construction of another floating engine.\n\nAlso, I think the European element of the Brigade should be further increased. Men who before were available for fire duties have now to attend to engines, and considering the growth of the town, I do not think an increase of ten men would be by any means out of place. We are always hampered by want of men, some being in Hospital and some on Police duty, and at the initiatory stages of a fire, the want of a sufficient European complement is much felt, as it is on them that the Superintendent has mainly to rely to see that his general system of organisation is properly carried out. Police firemen are not allowed to leave their beat to go to a fire, so that the nominal strength of the European element is reduced by one half at the outset, and to this must be added absence from sickness and other causes.\n\nOn the other hand, I think the Chinese element might be largely reduced. With an increased European element, I think we might easily dispense with a sufficient number of Chinese to balance the additional expense in the increased European element, so that the change could be accomplished without further cost to the Brigade.\n\nI will conclude this report with a return of fires and alarms of fires during the past year. Origins assigned to the different fires given in the schedule must be accepted with reservation, and are not to be taken as authoritative.\n\nI have only to add that the Brigade has enjoyed the hearty co-operation of the officers and men, throughout the year, who have all worked well under the exceptional strain that has from time to time been put upon them.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\n\n**FIRE BRIGADE DEPARTMENT, HONGKONG, 5th January, 1888**\n\n## Annual Report on Fire Engines\n\nSIR,\n\nI have the honour to forward herewith a report on the state of the Government Fire Engines for the year ending 31st December, 1887.\n\n| Engine | Description | Condition |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| No. 1 Floating Fire Engine | by Merry Weather | 19 years old, requires new fire box and overhaul |\n| No. 2 Steamer | by Merry Weather | 19 years old, obsolete type, too heavy for roads |\n| No. 3 Steamer | by Shand and Mason | 8 years old, altered last year, requires new boiler |\n| No. 4 Steamer | by Shand and Mason | 5 years old, in excellent condition |\n| No. 5 Steamer | by Shand and Mason | supplied last year, modern type, valuable auxiliary |\n| Stanley Floating fire pump | | not available on emergency, kept at Stone Cutters' Island |\n| Manual Engines | 9 in number | all in good working order |\n\nNo. 1 Floating Fire Engine by Merry Weather. This engine is 19 years old, and was formerly a land engine on wheels, but was found too heavy for the roads and cumbersome of transportation; it was therefore put into a launch in March, 1883, and has since done good service. The Boiler is now 10 years old, and requires a new fire box. It was intended to execute this repair some months ago, but it was postponed pending the arrival of the new engine from England. The fresh water tanks are rusting internally, and require to be removed for scraping and painting and generally overhauling. I would recommend this be done immediately after the Chinese New Year. The machinery and hull of the launch are in good order, and with a view to increasing the speed of the launch, a new propeller of more suitable design is now fitted.\n\nNo. 2 Steamer by Merry Weather. This Engine is 19 years old. It was fitted with a new boiler in 1878 and new steam cylinders by Messrs. FENWICK & Co. in 1886. The Engine is of obsolete type and too heavy for our roads, proof of which, it has on two occasions broken through the roads and sunk up to its axles. The engine has, however, done good service feeding the small engines on high levels with salt water. This engine should be supplemented by one of modern type, lighter, more powerful, and with a quick generating boiler (as the present one takes 25 minutes against the modern one of 7½ minutes to raise steam).\n\nNo. 3 Steamer by Shand and Muson. This Engine is 8 years old and was formerly of the auxiliary cylinder type. It was altered last year upon my recommendation, the auxiliary cylinder removed, and a balance wheel substituted, which has rendered the engine more efficient and has given every satisfaction. In consequence of the age of the boiler, I have reduced the working pressure of steam to 75 lbs., which has necessarily somewhat handicapped the engine in its work. In my last year's report, I recommended a new fire box, which I find it is impracticable to attach, and would suggest that Messrs. SHAND & MASON receive instructions to send out a new boiler complete, which we can fix here.\n\nNo. 4 Steamer by Shand and Mason. This Engine is 5 years old and is in excellent condition. New valves have been fitted, and the working parts adjusted.\n\nNo. 5 Steamer by Shand and Mason. Was supplied upon my recommendation last year. This engine is of the most modern type, and has proved a valuable auxiliary to our fire extinguishing apparatus.\n\nStanley Floating fire pump has only been used once during the past year, and is not available on emergency, as the launch is kept at Stone Cutters' Island.\n\nThe manual engines, 9 in number, are all in good working order.\n\nGenerally, though the calls on the Fire Brigade have been heavy this year, I am happy to state that no Engine has been totally disabled during a fire, and no serious breakdown has occurred at any time, yet I am still of opinion that we have not sufficient engines for the increasing size of the Colony, as two fires at the same moment would drain our resources, and an engine laid up for repairs renders our appliances insufficient.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour most obedient Servant,\n\n(Signed) JOHN S. BREWER, Assist. Supt, and Engineer.\n\nH. E. WODEHOUSE, Superintendent, Fire Brigade.\n\nH. E. WODEHOUSE, Esq., C.M.G.,\nSuperintendent, Fire Brigade,\n&C.\n&C.,\n&c.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 345644, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8]", "page_number": 43, "title": "CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8]", "content_text": "pathos\n\nReferring to your talk of\n\ncalicoes\n\nCarry out instructions\n\ndayflower\n\nhollow span June\n\nVinworks\n\nin my despatch of 7 May\n\nGM). 9 June 1891\n\n857\n\n7 June\n\nAug 16\n\nR1096\n\nsent 3.15h.\n\n势\n\nTelegram from\n\nRECP\n\nC. O.\n\n11683\n\n[REC 8 JUN 31\n\n41\n\nto Lord Knutsford. Recd. 6. 18pm. June 8th 91\n\nReferring to your despatch 91, 4 May I consider that I would be justified\n\nin authorizing to\n\nbut to leave three unofficial Members\n\npay, of Council\n\nno\n\nground for complaint it is my\n\nduty to state that 20th May\n\ntransmitted\n\nmemorial referred to in their telegram\n\n24th April raising objections on financial\n\ncondition promising exhaustive memorandum\n\nnot yet received cannot recommend further delay. glad to receive telegraphic instructions", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 345755, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8]", "page_number": 154, "title": "CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8]", "content_text": "# SUNDAY LABOR IN HONGKONG HARBOUR\n\n\"It is so kept open and shipping clerks busily engaged--there is absolutely no necessity and no justification. The loading and unloading of cargo could be just as easily and economically managed without either delaying the ship or infringing on the all but universally recognised right of every man who works hard six days in the week to have a day of comparative rest on the seventh. Employers of labour, ship-owners, agents, etc., pretend they don't see the force of this sort of argument, but it is merely their innate modesty which makes them try to resemble NELSON before Copenhagen. They do see it and recognise its absolute truth, but this obsolete fetich is a very ancient article of faith, and with \"the classes hard to get out of the old groove. It was just the same with the early closing movement at home thirty years ago. Employers held up their hands in horror and shrieked when early closing and a weekly half-holiday were proposed as a rational concession to the masses who toiled in offices, warehouses, shops, etc., from dawn on Monday morning until Saturday at midnight; the proposed change was predicted to ruin everybody and everything—it was a radical infringement on vested right, the right of capital to control labour in a fashion that was pure slavery; but the change was made notwithstanding the employers' opposition, and the whole world knows the beneficial results. And so it must be with Sunday labour in this Colony. If those who control shipping interests here will insist on shutting their eyes and remaining obstinate and obdurate to the voice of reason and common-sense, they must submit to the **fortiter in re**. Nobody, not even the men who suffer most by this Sunday labour has any desire to give offence to their employers or to cause the slightest trouble or inconvenience in regard to business arrangements. They are ready and willing to meet those whose interests they are paid to safeguard and protect on a common platform, and to make every reasonable concession that may in any way be calculated to place the matter on a footing satisfactory to all concerned. But the fiat has irrevocably gone forth that, whether by amicable arrangement or an open war between shipowners and their employés, Sunday labour on board ship in Hongkong must cease. If the members of the Mercantile Marine Officers' Association remain true to themselves—and if they don't the Association and its pretensions are a hollow sham—they should experience but little difficulty in obtaining from shipowners the inestimable boon of one day's rest in seven, when they happen to be in this port.\n\nWe do not advocate this change, we never have done so, on religious grounds, although the Rev. Mr. GOLDSMITH has made out a very good case from his point of view. When all other laborers are enjoying their \"one day of rest in seven,\" why should sailors, whose toil is alike dangerous and arduous, be the only galley slaves in the world? That is what we should like to have satisfactorily explained. The opinions of Governors DES VEUX and SMITH that it would be unwise to stop Sunday labour by legislative enactment, can carry but little weight with those who are acquainted with the subject. As regards Lord Knutsford's opinions, if he ever had any, they may safely be ignored. If the Government will not legislate for this grievance, and if the ship-owners and agents refuse to come to reasonable terms, then the marine officers must adopt the course recommended by their President, Capt. S. ASHTON, at last Saturday's meeting of the Association—and demand extra pay for Sunday work. And in the event of that reasonable request being refused, the inevitable will have to be faced once and for all, and in any struggle that may take place in the Far East between ship-owners and their officers, the victors will be the coalition that remembers and acts up to the old proverb—**UNITY IS STRENGTH**.—“Hongkong Telegraph,\" 8th September 1890.\n\n## SUNDAY LABOR IN HONGKONG HARBOUR\n\nRev. A. G. Goldsmith on \"The Sunday Labour Question.\"\n\nAt the meeting of the Mercantile Marine Officers' Association held on Tuesday, the 16th Sept., the following communication from the Rev. A. G. Goldsmith, Seamens' Chaplain, was read:\n\n\"GENTLEMEN,—At the request of your Secretary I am writing a few remarks on the important question which you have introduced into your deliberations lately—the Sunday Rest question.\n\nIt is with pleasure that I comply with his request, for as you are aware, it is a question in which I have considered it my duty in some measure to take an interest. The question is a wide one. In a Free Port like Hongkong, where there are no European Custom House officials, and where the labour is heathen coolie labour, it is naturally one not easily settled. But that it will be settled, and favourably, for those who desire the benefits of the Sunday Rest, I think there can be no real doubt, if they show that they do desire it.\n\nThere are no two sides to the question whether Sunday observance is desirable or not. Let me quote the words of two leading men in the political world, delivered on the occasion of the French International Congress, called in September 1889, to consider what could be done to secure the Sabbath for France.\n\nMr. Harrison, President of the United States, wrote to M. Leon Say as follows: \"Experience and observation have convinced me that all persons working either with the hands or mentally need rest, which Sunday observance alone can guarantee to them. Philanthropists and Christians can consider the question in all its different points of view, but whether we consider man as an animal or as a human being, we ought to unite together to secure for him the rest which body and mind equally claim in order to be maintained in the best possible condition. Those who do not see the Divine Command in the Bible cannot fail to see it in man himself.\n\nMr. Gladstone also wrote to the President of the Congress in the following words: \"It seems to me unquestionable that the observance of Sunday rest has taken deep root both in the convictions and in the habits of the immense majority of my countrymen. If it appears to many of them a necessity of spiritual and Christian life, others, not less numerous, defend it with equal energy as a social necessity. The working class is extremely jealous of it, and is opposed not merely to its avowed abolition, but to whatever might indirectly tend to that result. Personally, I have always endeavoured, as far as circumstances have allowed, to exercise this privilege; and now nearly at the end of a laborious public career of nearly 57 years, I attribute in great part to that cause the prolongation of my life, and the preservation of the faculties I yet still possess. As regards the masses, the question is still more important; it is the popular question par excellence.\"\n\nI might also allude to the recent action in Germany to introduce into the Reichstag an ordinance forbidding Sunday labour, except on certain conditions, and when absolutely necessary; and limiting labour on that day to 5 hours in commercial circles, so as not to clog the wheels of transportation and shipping. I have myself conferred with the Hongkong Chamber of Commerce on this matter, as it regards the port of Hongkong. And their answer has been made public, that they sympathized with the movement but would not advocate legislation.\n\nIndividually, I feel convinced, both shipowners and merchants as a rule have no wish to see their ships working on Sunday, and in some cases consider it is through ignorance of what Sunday working of cargo really entails upon all the officers and engineers, that so much of it is permitted. Therefore it is most essential that the said officers and engineers should decidedly intimate their feeling by their own voice.\n\nNo reasonable man objects to working on Sunday or on any other generally recognised holiday or Holy Day, in cases of absolute necessity. The opinions which I have heard expressed by officers and others from time to time on this matter have always been of a most temperate and sensible kind. You are only anxious to secure the rule for the day of rest, as I understand. In fact you ask for that which Sir Robert Hart obtained long ago for the Custom House officials in China—no work on Sunday except on certain conditions which are provided for.\n\nI was very much interested in Captain Ashton's speech at your extraordinary meeting last Saturday; and would especially note his remark to the effect that \"overtime pay\" for Sunday work is not your ultimate desire, and that any proposal to this effect would not meet your wishes. It is not the money you ask. You do not seek to grow rich at your employer's expense, if I may put it so; but you ask for that which every Englishman has learnt to consider as his heritage. If I rightly estimate your feelings, I believe I am stating the case fairly when I say you are anxious to promote the interests of your owners and their agents, but simply request that they will also consider whether they cannot come forward and promote your interests also by obtaining for you the religious, moral, and physical benefits of our Christian Sunday. You are well aware that I consider the religious benefits first and foremost, though I am not indifferent to the social and physical benefits.\n\nThis great end cannot be obtained without Legislation, so that no one company should be driven to leeward because of the indifference of another company. It would not be fair to a shipowner who wished to give his officers and men their Sunday if he found other companies were working their ships without let or hindrance alongside of him. Legislation is needed, placing a prohibition on Sunday work except in cases of absolute necessity, when permission could be obtained for that purpose. And this permission would include a money payment similar to that required for Sunday work in Bombay, e.g., the S. O. No. 1802 of 23rd August 1882 runs as follows: \"Sunday working on board steamers in the ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 353713, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-262 - Governor Sir Robinson Acting Governor O-Brien - 1894 [1-4]", "page_number": 103, "title": "CO129-262 - Governor Sir Robinson Acting Governor O-Brien - 1894 [1-4]", "content_text": "101\n\nY\n\ntendencies.\n\nThe\n\ngeneral effects noticed in the morale of individual given to\n\nthe use of opium,\n\nare a general shiftiness of character, secretiveness,\n\ncapriciousness, (“\n\nmercilessness, want of energy\n\nand incapacity in the\n\ndischarge of his avocations. The physical effects\n\nkeep in\n\nwith these symptoms: hollow, drawn\n\nfeatures, emaciated form,\n\nvacant looking eyes.\n\nAll\n\nthese characteristics, however,\n\nthat I have mentioned\n\nare found noticeably only in the confirmed consumer, and if existing in the\n\nmoderate consumer...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-262 - Governor Sir Robinson Acting Governor O-Brien - 1894 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 365839, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-281 - Governor Sir Robinson & Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [1-3]", "page_number": 174, "title": "CO129-281 - Governor Sir Robinson & Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [1-3]", "content_text": "# Typhoon or Storm Centre \nTyphoon or Storm Cent \nTyphoon or Storm Centre \n\n| Location | Direction of motion | Moving |\n|-----------------|---------------------|--------|\n| Ghaut | unknown | N |\n| Ghoul | | |\n| | | |\n| N of Hongkong | unknown | N |\n| Habit | | |\n| Ilack | | |\n| Giant | NE | |\n| | | |\n| ESE of Hong- kong | unknown | N |\n| Haddock | NE | |\n| Hatch | | |\n| Hate | NE | |\n| Giaour | E | |\n| Hades | E | |\n| | | |\n| S of Hongkong | unknown | N |\n| Herb | NE | |\n| Heresy Heriot | | |\n\n## \n| | Direction of motion | Moving |\n|-----------------|---------------------|--------|\n| Gibbon Giddy | SE | |\n| Gift | | |\n| Gigot | | |\n| Gimlet | | |\n| | | |\n| Haemal | E | |\n| Hatter | SE | |\n| Hermit | E | |\n| | | |\n| Hauberk | SE | |\n| Haft | SE | |\n| Hernia | SE | |\n\n## \n| | Direction of motion | Moving |\n|-----------------|---------------------|--------|\n| Haggis | SW | |\n| Haughty | S | |\n| Heroic | S | |\n| Haul | SW | |\n| Haggle | W | |\n| Heron | SW | |\n| | W | |\n| Hail | WNW | |\n| Herpes | W | |\n\n## \n| | Direction of motion | Moving |\n|-----------------|---------------------|--------|\n| Gimp Ginger | WNW | |\n| Haven | NW | |\n| Hake | NW | |\n| Herring | WNW | |\n| Gird | Stationary | |\n| Halberd Haleyon | NW | |\n| Havoc | NNW | |\n| Hesper | NW | |\n| Hawk | NNW | |\n| | Stationary | |\n\n## \n| | Direction of motion | Moving |\n|-----------------|---------------------|--------|\n| Glacis | Filling up | |\n| Half | | |\n| Glade | in S part of Gulf) | unknown |\n| Glance | of Tongking | N |\n| Halo | NE of Hongkong | |\n| Halter | | |\n| Hazel | | |\n| Hawse | | |\n| Hazard | | N |\n\n## \n| | Direction of motion | Moving |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Hetman | SE of Hongkong | unknown |\n| Hewer Heyday | | |\n| Hiatus | NNW | |\n| Hazy | NE | |\n| Halyard | NE | |\n| Head | NE | |\n| Gleam | E | |\n| Halved | E | |\n| Hickory Hidalgo | NE | |\n| Hearse | E | |\n| Glebe | SE | |\n| Hamlet | E | |\n| Hidden | SE | |\n\n## \n| | Direction of motion | Moving |\n|-----------------|---------------------|--------|\n| Gloat | S | |\n| Hammock | SE | |\n| Heathy | SE | |\n| Higgle | SE | |\n| Heave | | |\n| Glory | SW | |\n| Hamper | SW | |\n| High | S | |\n| Hebrew | SW | |\n| Glove | W | |\n| Haudsel | W | |\n| Hilary | SW | |\n| Hectic | W | |\n| Hillock | W | |\n| Gluten | WNW | |\n| Handy | WNW | |\n| Hedge | WNW | |\n| Hilt | | |\n\n## \n| | Direction of motion | Moving |\n|-----------------|---------------------|--------|\n| Glyph | NW | |\n| Hauk | NW | |\n| Heed | NW | |\n| Quarl | NNW | |\n| Hausom | NNW | |\n| Hindu | NW | |\n| Hegira | NNW | |\n| Gnash | Stationary | |\n| Happy | | |\n| Hinge | | |\n| Heifer | | |\n| Gneiss | Filling up | |\n| Harass | | |\n| Gnome | in Tongking | unknown |\n| Goal | | N |\n\n## \n| | Direction of motion | Moving |\n|-----------------|---------------------|--------|\n| Goblet | NE | |\n| Harbour | E of Hongkong | unknown |\n| Hard | | |\n| Harem | | |\n| Hip | Stationary | |\n| Height | Filling up | |\n| Hire | | N |\n| Heir | SSE of Hong- kong | unknown |\n| Helical | | |\n| Hist | SW of Hongkong | unknown |\n| | NNW | |\n| | Stationary | |\n| | Filling up | |\n\n## \n| | Direction of motion | Moving |\n|-----------------|---------------------|--------|\n| Hiteb | NE | N |\n| Helix | NE | |\n| Hither | NE | |\n| Gold | E | |\n| Haricot | E | |\n| Heli | E | |\n| Colosh | SE | |\n| Harness | SE | |\n| Hive | E | |\n| Helot | SE | |\n| Gong | | |\n| Harper | | |\n| Gorge | SW | |\n| Harrier | SW | |\n| Helper | | |\n| Hoard | SE | |\n| Hoarse | S | |\n| Hemlock | SW | |\n\n## \n| | Direction of motion | Moving |\n|-----------------|---------------------|--------|\n| Goth | W | |\n| Harrow | W | |\n| Hobble | SW | |\n| Gourd | WNW | |\n| Harsh | WNW | |\n| Hemp | W | |\n| Hock | W | |\n| Henbane | | |\n| Govern | NW | |\n| Hart | NW | |\n| Hence | NW | |\n| Hodman | WNW | |\n| Gowan | NNW | |\n| Harrest | NNW | |\n| Hoona | NW | |\n| Hog | | |\n| Gradus | Stationary | |\n| Hasp | | |\n| Hepatic | NNW | |\n| Hoist | | |\n| Grilse | Filling up | |\n| Hassock | | |\n| Herald | Stationary | |\n| Hold | | |\n| Hollow | WNW | |\n| | NW | |\n| | NNW | |\n| | Stationary | |\n| | Filling up | |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-281 - Governor Sir Robinson & Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 370726, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-290 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [1-4]", "page_number": 327, "title": "CO129-290 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [1-4]", "content_text": "## 320\n\nJ.L. SC will be that it is not\". \n\nhollow \n\nThose \n\nune indicated \n\ncorrect \n\nIt appears to \n\ncut into \n\nAR-IL-Tr villages. \n\nThe can decla \n\nincluded within \n\nthe \n\nChinese \n\nBritish side \n\nof portioning \n\nthe \n\nvillage \n\n\n\nBritish side \n\n\n\nthat such villes \n\nChina \n\n\n\nCo- \n\nset \n\nregarded. \n\nBritish \n\n44... \n\nChina \n\n\n\nwith \n\nCheri \n\nGu village \n\ncar \n\nincluded within \n\nThe Composition \n\nAir \n\nwithin incl in \n\nthe \n\nbound an \n\ntherefore \n\nthe \n\nto w \n\n\n\nThe \n\n\n\nDoes tare. \n\nrules \n\nto not \n\nwithout any \n\n\n\nChi via lion wide \n\ndoes not include ut \n\nriver \n\nof \n\nIhan \n\nCh \n\nwon this \n\nof \n\nof others. \n\n... \n\nKaler Ka \n\n... \n\nCikal \n\ntitle", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-290 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 378685, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-302 - Public Offices - 1900", "page_number": 499, "title": "CO129-302 - Public Offices - 1900", "content_text": "## 492\n\nSudden and violent freshets come down from Yunnan between May and October, but the open country is rarely flooded, and the river not only rises but also falls very fast. No town of even third-rate importance is passed en route, and though Ping Ma and other places the cultivation of paddy, indigo, rhea, &c., is dense and extensive, there are still large uncultivated areas even close to the river and in the valley bottoms.\n\nThe West River Valley would certainly bear a much larger population if the public peace could be guaranteed. It is to such a gradual increase of the population, to the development of mines, and to the encouragement of such special products as silk, indigo, rhea, &c., that we must look for an increase in the now not very great volume of Kwansi trade.\n\nThe banks of the West River right away into Yünnan are infested still with bands of pirates, or \"yin yung.\" The \"army\" of \"Maréchal Su,\" on the southern frontier, furnishes an inexhaustible supply of Bardolphs, Nyms, and Pistols. Just before I passed along (September 1899), three opium robberies, accompanied with violence and homicide, had occurred, and the river traffic was reduced to a minimum. The road north from Po-sê into Kueichou, which was impassable when the Blackburn Commission passed through Kueichow, is now open, the merchants having put up a large sum to secure an efficient policing; but the river itself, especially above Po-sê, is as bad as ever, and until this brigandage is suppressed, it is hopeless to expect a large trade.\n\nThe river between Nanning and Po-sê will not be navigable for steamers, except occasionally at high water. As a light 3-foot draught boat could do the journey in three days in good water, it may prove profitable to take advantage of a favourable river to run up to Po-sê with sycee and yarn and bring down opium and aniseed oil. The extra security and speed would probably admit of high freights, but there is always the risk of the river suddenly going down and leaving the steamer high and dry.\n\nShallows rather than rapids are the trouble all along the West River. Po-sê is a busy little town of some 12,000 inhabitants. When I was there quantities of Kueichou opium were coming down, but the Yunnan trade is trifling. Mules very rarely come to Po-sê, and the journey across the frontier to Pê Ngai has to be performed in small sampans worked by Shans. The rapids are violent and the scenery magnificent, but the robbers are stated to be numerous.\n\nPê Ngai is a wretched little town, the usual terminus of the mule route from Yunnan, but it is by no means easy to get beasts at a moment's notice. Pê Ngai, 700 feet, to Kwang-uan, 4,000 feet (the first town on the plateau of Yunnan), is eight stages over a serbonian bog which the Chinese are pleased to call a road. The country is all ups and downs, the rains are long and heavy, and no one ever spends a cent on repairs. The consequent delay, damage to goods, and wear and tear of beasts is a most serious item of expense. The country itself up to Kwangnan is very thinly populated by Shans and Chinese from Ssuchuan and Canton. The poverty and dirt in their dwellings is deplorable, and it is not surprising that fever and plague hold permanent session here.\n\nOn arriving at Kwangnan the exhausted and mud-caked traveller has a choice of routes; to Mengtze direct is seven days; the roads on the plateau are better, but the country up to the Valley of Mengtze is as poor as the Pê Ngai district. I took a short cut, avoiding the city of Kai Hua, and travelled for four days through lonely valleys filled with marshes, the home of wild-fowl and malaria; here and there were some mud and wattle huts, where the few inhabitants shiver away their ague-stricken existence. From the commercial point of view the country is the abomination of desolation. I found the natives new to quinine, and I was bombarded with requests for the \"white frost,\" which in many cases it would have been sheer cruelty to refuse.\n\nFrom Kuangnan to Yunnan is about fifteen days. Kwangnan itself is a sleepy hollow of no commercial importance.\n\nThus goods coming up from Nanning to Po-sê will still have a hard journey of at least twenty days before reaching the real markets of Yunnan. Unless something is done to clear the road of mud and robbers the prospect cannot be considered good.\n\nIn eight days' travel between Pê Ngai and Kwangnan I met two large opium caravans (about 200 beasts in each); besides that nothing but a few loads of hides, bones, and medicines. There are two li-kins en route.\n\nMengtze from every point of view, and especially the military, is a place of the utmost importance to the Chinese Government. It is therefore not surprising to find that the garrison consists of four officers, two men, and a boy, all of whom have conscientious objections to having anything to do with \"villanous salpetre.\" Mengtze is the key of the chief natural trade route from the low country on to the plateau. It is also the screen of the rich districts round Lin An and of the capital itself; any one in possession of Mengtze could overawe Yünnan-fu so effectually as to control all the officials in the province, and 100 French soldiers might walk in and take the place any day; indeed, I am convinced that this is the fate which is ultimately in store for Mengtze. If such a move was made combined with a demonstration near Lung-chou, I feel sure \"Maréchal\" Su and his officers would bolt. The fact probably is that the French Government at home is aware of the weak and uncertain position which they occupy in Tonquin itself. Their \"jumping-off ground\" is so unsteady that they are not prepared to make a leap. They are so feeble that the hands of guerillas into which Su's \"army\" would break up on the occurrence of hostilities would do them a great deal of harm. Otherwise it is inexplicable why Mengtze was not taken instead of Kuangchou Wan.\n\n1899 is likely to be a bumper year for Mengtze, and the trade is steadily developing; chiefly on account of transit passes being respected. Now, I have several times seen the statement that this circumstance was due to \"the energetic action of the French authorities which contrasts so favourably with the weakness displayed, &c.\" In fact the French authorities have had nothing whatever to do with transits; the goods are mostly ours, and the passes are taken out in the names of Chinese firms; it is not, therefore, clear how the French Consul would have any locus standi even if irregularities did occur. The present excellent system is due to the action of the Customs and the Taotai who opened the port, an official who objected to the li-kin, and who insisted on passes being respected; thus, from the commencement of the trade it became a matter of custom.\n\nThe Taotai at Nanning declared, but I know not on what authority, that there was no immediate prospect of the Lungchou Railway being really pushed forward; but at Mengtze the French evidently mean business and have gone about it in a very one French way. The country has been overrun with \"Missions de Chemin de Fer.\" One mission sent out from home by the Public Works (Guillemoto); a second by the Tonquin military authorities (Pennequin); a third by the banks who are financing the railway. All these expeditions have been separate and more or less hostile to each other, and have trouble with the people.\n\nAt the time of the Mengtze riot there were over thirty Frenchmen in the city, besides a number at various mines and in Yünnan-fu; some of these gentlemen owe their position to being friends of M. Doumer's political supporters, who have accordingly \"dumped\" them down in Tonquing. The Governor-General's hurried visit to the Yunnan Viceroy has had no good result, and did much to bring to a head the popular and official suspicion and dislike of Frenchmen.\n\nM. Doumer appears to have thought that a Chinese Viceroy is a kind of King Coffee, to whom it is only necessary to offer a sufficient quantity of gin in order to procure any Treaty you may want. He was soon undeceived; some of his presents were rejected and no definite Concession for a railway station at the capital could be obtained; the Viceroy also objected to commencing the railway at Yünnan. His position was:\n\n\"We have no money to embark in unprofitable enterprises; the province is poor and this is a losing affair; the people, too, are strongly opposed to it; you have got your permit from Peking; begin your honourable railway at your end with your own money and come along gradually. The people will then get accustomed to it and in a few years later there will be plenty of time to talk of Concessions at Yunnan-fu, which now I have no authority to make.\"\n\nAs regards the railway, I gather that the position is this: all surveys have been practically completed, and a route (not the present mule route) has been found up to the plateau from Manhao, where a road for railway services is being made, but there is likely to be a long delay in getting plant out, and possibly special boats will have to be constructed to bring it up to Laokay. The French Foreign Office is lukewarm, and the various parties interested in the line are not likely to work well together.\n\nThe Mengtze riot last summer was a much more serious affair than appeared, and it was extremely lucky that none of the foreigners on the Customs staff were killed. The riot was undoubtedly directed against the French Consulate, but the mob could not distinguish between that building and the Customs. There is no reason to suppose that the officials were directly concerned in the riot which was so well organized as to be a sort of local rebellion. Two of the Mengtze Yamên runners had been killed a day or two beforehand by one of the ringleaders whom they had tried to arrest.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-302 - Public Offices - 1900.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 380839, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-305 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [5-7]", "page_number": 368, "title": "CO129-305 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [5-7]", "content_text": "Page 362\n\ngoing \n\nSi dir \n\nsupport ung apa \n\nig mer of the New Peritong \n\nme in the Colony \n\nwhatever has thou went to the buying \n\nI grin \n\nhollow a statement of is \n\nÀ mished in 1992 auth in 1998, actuating \n\nthese quam treener Mi \n\nprayers forming \n\nto cope with the work of that period a com this bucker was the year prim to the \n\ntaking \n\nover of \n\nPage 362\n\n...\n\nནང་སྐྱོ་བང་རིམ་གན་ན་མཐོངདག་་ཅརྐྱ་དང་\n\nهم عديم الأدنه", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-305 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [5-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 384351, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-310 - Acting Governor Major Gen Gascoigne - 1902 [1-4]", "page_number": 228, "title": "CO129-310 - Acting Governor Major Gen Gascoigne - 1902 [1-4]", "content_text": "The weather for at least a fortnight before the accident had been showery at intervals.\n\nThe houses were built of what are locally known as Blue bricks; the walls were badly bonded and, to a considerable extent, hollow in the centre.\n\nAn enquiry was held and the coroner returned a verdict to the effect that he was convinced that persons who had been killed met their death through the collapse and burning of the building.\n\n3. For the purpose of investigating the matter further, His Excellency the Governor directed that the enquiry should be reopened and this was done on the 20th September when exhaustive evidence was taken.\n\nThe Crown Solicitor attended and examined the witnesses. It transpired that the only inspection made of the buildings when plans were prepared for submission to the Public Works Department consisted of a superficial examination of the walls, which were thickly coated with white wash, by one of the architects' assistants.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-310 - Acting Governor Major Gen Gascoigne - 1902 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 384353, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-310 - Acting Governor Major Gen Gascoigne - 1902 [1-4]", "page_number": 230, "title": "CO129-310 - Acting Governor Major Gen Gascoigne - 1902 [1-4]", "content_text": "The evidence in this enquiry does not disclose what was the immediate cause of the collapse of 10-12 Cochrane Street on the night of the 14th day of August, 1901.\n\nThe following conditions and circumstances in my opinion probably contributed to the said collapse:\n\n1) The existence of a blacksmith-shop on the ground floor of 10-12 Cochrane Street. It was proved in evidence that vibration has a tendency to weaken the walls of a house.\n\n2) On the ground floor of 12-14 Cochrane Street was a cockloft used by the tenant, who was a contractor, for storing timber on access planks.\n\n3) The defective construction of the party wall between 10-12 and 12-14 Cochrane Street. It was proved in evidence that the said party wall was badly bonded and that the heart of the said wall was hollow and filled up with small pieces of bricks.\n\n4) The existence of an extra story which was put on each of the said houses six or seven months prior to the collapse.\n\n5) That the showery weather prior to the collapse...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-310 - Acting Governor Major Gen Gascoigne - 1902 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 388155, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4]", "page_number": 331, "title": "CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4]", "content_text": "## Part II. PUBLIC HEALTH\n\nSection 54 (4) gives compensation for the compulsory slaughter of infected animals which have been bred in the Colony.\n\nSection 56 provides that animals brought to the Colony to be slaughtered for food shall not be kept in any Government Depôt for a longer period than twenty-one days, and that if condemned by the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon as unfit for food, they shall be removed forthwith.\n\nSection 75 (6) authorizes the Governor to cancel the lease of a stall in a Government market if the lessee has been convicted of a breach of the Bye-laws for the regulation and sanitary maintenance of markets.\n\nSection 82 makes the procedure for dealing with unwholesome food in markets and public places the same as with such food in shops and private premises (cf. s. 83). The destruction of unwholesome food may now be ordered by the President instead of by the Board, on the recommendation of the Medical Officer of Health or of the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon.\n\nSection 88.---Public vehicles may not be knowingly used for the conveyance of persons suffering from an infectious disease; if any such vehicle is so used, power is given to detain it until it has been satisfactorily disinfected.\n\nSection 89.---The Board may recover the cost of the disinfection of infected premises, and may (shall in certain cases) give compensation for articles destroyed in such process.\n\n## Part III. BUILDINGS\n\nSection 100.---Blue bricks may be used only in the uppermost storey of a building instead of in the two uppermost storeys.\n\nSection 101 (1).---The thickness of the walls of new buildings in relation to their height is somewhat increased.\n\nThe following comparative scale shows the proposed increases in thickness:\n\n| PRESENT SCALE | PROPOSED SCALE |\n| --- | --- |\n| For walls not exceeding 40 feet in length, clear of a cross wall. | |\n| Height of Wall | Thickness of Wall |\n| 12 feet | 9 inches |\n| 12-25 feet | 13½ inches |\n| 25-40 feet | 18 inches in lowermost storey and 13½ inches for the rest |\n| Height of Wall | Thickness of Wall |\n| 12 feet | 18½ inches |\n| 12-25 feet | 18½ inches |\n| 40-50 feet | 22 inches in lowermost storey and 18 inches for the rest |\n| 40-55 feet | 22 inches in the two lowermost storeys and 13½ inches for the rest |\n| 50-60 feet | 22 inches in the two lower-most Storeys and 18 inches for the rest |\n| 55-70 feet | 22 inches in lowermost storey, 18 inches in two next above and 13½ inches for the rest |\n| 70-80 feet | 27 inches in lowermost storey, 22 inches in the next above, 18 inches in the next storey and 13½ inches for the rest |\n| 70-80 feet | 31 inches in lowermost storey, 27 inches in the next above, 22 inches in the next, 18 inches in the next, and 13½ inches for the rest |\n\nNo storey shall exceed 15 feet in height without the permission of the Building Authority.\n\nWalls more than 40 feet in length clear of a cross wall shall be increased 4½ inches in thickness beyond the above scale.\n\nSection 102 (1).---No wall shall exceed 60 feet in length clear of a cross wall without the consent of the Building Authority (with the exception of boundary walls); the limit under the present law is 35 feet.\n\n(2).---A wall may not exceed 76 feet in height without the approval of the Building Authority; the present law says 80 feet but in that case the height of the wall is measured from the top of the footings whereas it is now proposed to measure it from the level of the adjacent foot-path or street. [cf. also s. 188 (5).]\n\n(3) requires tie-rods for all external walls exceeding 30 feet in length, clear of a cross wall.\n\nSection 107 requires the side wall of a corner building having a shop front to be returned for a distance of nine inches in buildings of not more than one storey, whereas the present law requires only six inches.\n\nSection 108.---Lath-and-plaster and other hollow walls are prohibited outside the European Reservation and the Hill District except by permission of the Building Authority.\n\nSection 109.---New walls are required to have suitable bonding.\n\nSection 112 requires the renewal of the impervious covering to ground surfaces, when such has perished.\n\nSection 118.---The level of the ground floor of every new building must be at least six inches higher than the level of the ground outside such building.\n\nSection 116.---The ground storey of every new building shall be at least twelve feet high and every upper storey shall be at least eleven feet high; coolie quarters, bath-room, kitchens and latrines need only be nine feet high. The present law requires a height of at least nine feet in all cases.\n\nSection 117.---Boarded floors in a ground storey of a new building shall be at least two and a half feet (average) above the ground level, and ventilating openings in the walls shall be protected by gratings for the exclusion of rats.\n\nSection 119.---All wooden floors hereafter constructed shall be made reasonably water-tight.\n\nSection 120.---The floors of new buildings outside the European Reservation and Hill District shall have cement skirtings twelve inches high.\n\nSection 121.---All staircases hereafter constructed shall have a tread of at least eight inches and a rise of not more than eight and a half inches per step.\n\nSection 122.---New ceilings are prohibited outside the European Reservation and Hill District, except by permission of the Building Authority.\n\nSection 123.---Corbels shall be set in cement mortar.\n\nSection 132 requires the floors of verandahs and balconies to be supplied with gutters and downpipes.\n\nSection 136.---No balcony shall hereafter be projected from any building which exceeds 1 times in height, the width of the street on which it fronts.\n\nSection 139 contains a new prohibition as to the enclosure of verandahs or balconies by blinds at night.\n\nSection 140.---Adequate kitchen accommodation shall be provided in all domestic buildings. The internal surface of the walls of all such kitchens shall be rendered in cement mortar to a height of four feet from the floor.\n\nSection 141.---The kitchens of tenement houses hereafter erected shall only extend across half the width of the house, except in the case of corner houses.\n\nSection 143.---Hoods for charcoal fires shall be of sheet metal—the alternative of a lath-and-plaster hood having been deleted.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 411296, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 473, "title": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## \nChu Tzu Lung, Hsiao K'e Chang, Lu Chin Piao, &c. There is another branch in league with the mounted bandits of Manchuria, and abroad with the Nihilists of Russia. They have also an understanding with them for mutual aid for anti-dynastic movements.\n\nTheir official duties are divided into four Departments—viz., a Department of Ways and Means, Intelligence Department, Military Organization Department, and Department for Communications.\n\nApart from the permanent store-houses of the various branches of the commissariat branch of the Ways and Means Department, the other officers have no definite head-quarters, and their appearance and movements are secret, and there is no means of knowing them.\n\nThe officers of the various branches of the different lodges can be roughly divided into four grades. Each lodge has one Grand Master (with full powers as regards his own lodge), six deputy Grand Masters who are—\n\n1. The General Manager of the affairs of the whole district.\n2. The Councillor, who is the officer for the improvements of methods in his own particular lodge.\n3. The Financial Manager, who is specially in charge of the transport, and pays for his own particular district.\n4. The Manager of religious matters. He opens inns in the port to attract recruits of all classes who may pass through, to afford protection, and to afford means of communication. This system is called a method of indirect correspondence. As an example of this, an agent of another lodge, or a recruit from any place whatever, is not allowed to have a personal interview with an agent of the same lodge. However important the subject of discussion, it must be dealt with entirely through the medium of this \"religious manager,\" who is the mainspring of the organization of the lodge, and acts as a screen for its secrets.\n5. The Proctor, whose business it is to select and send deputies, to place the members of all the Societies. As an instance, he sends so and so to manage a certain school, another to stay in a certain mining district, another to some railway, another to some body of modern drilled troops, another to some of the meeting places, another to watch the waterways, &c. These men are, as a rule, in great numbers in the schools of various places, and on the Yang-tsze in the An Yuan mines. This is their chief head-quarters, and there are about 10,000 there. The rest are in the various other mining districts, but they are most common in Liu Yang and P'u Chi districts in Yunnan Province. There are others, but not so many, in all the districts in Kiangsi, in Hunan, and, not so many at Nan Chou, and others among the salt smugglers on the Yang-tsze. They are the Black Division, and are in connection with the Red Division in every district. Again there are the boatmen from all directions, and the sampan men, who are told off throughout the waterways to pirate boats. These are called the Green Division.\n\nAll the above elect from time to time men of any prominence to go amongst the new model troops of various localities, especially among the Hupei regulars, and, in lesser numbers, among the Nanking troops. There are many others among the Yang-tsze guardships, and others, but fewer, among the other regiments and the Fukian and Chekiang guardship men, and many among the troops of the two Kuang Provinces and in Kiangsi and Hunan, but these are fewer than among the literate classes. All these are under the direction of the Managing Proctor.\n6. The Recorder. He is specially told off to deal with the correspondence from all the lodges, and the lists of members and account books.\n\nThese six officials are all specially responsible for their own duties, and cannot put them on to other shoulders or depart from their own special functions.\n\nThere are twelve junior masters distributed to serve under the Deputy Grand Masters, all acting as Heads or Directors of the various Secret Societies in the interior. Their ways are secret, and they are everywhere, but mostly in South Hunan, Hsiang T'an, Li Ling, Liu Yang, Ping Chiang, An Hua, Hsin Hua, Nan Chou, and Kiangsi, An Yuan, Ping Hsiang, Wan Tsai, Fen I, Nan K'ang, Hu K'ou, Kiukiang, and in Hupei, at Huang, and the Lower Yang-tsze, most being in Ch'inkiang, Ta Tung, &c. They are also among the pirates of Fukien and Chekiang, the Manchurian mounted bandits, and members of the white religion of Honan and Chihli. They are all seething with rebellion, which once broken out would be impossible to suppress.\n\n## \nWe have discovered that the original intention was to bring in munitions of war through Yunnan, but Great Britain would not allow this, so the project was dropped, and we now hear that the Society has changed its plans, and now intends to gradually smuggle the stuff in on trading vessels, and send it to the interior. They hollow out the inside of books and conceal revolvers, knives, and explosives in them. Then they replace the covers. There is no clue to the contents from the outside. Since the books are classed as \"educational works,\" according to the practice of the Customs, which has obtained for a long time, when being examined they are simply counted and not carefully inspected. The long rifles are taken in two pieces, and are packed in foreign cement and wrapped in bales of cloth. The ammunition, powder, &c., is concealed in bales of cotton yarn, and so can easily escape observation.\n\nThe ways of the Society are dark and secret, and it is impossible to find out the dates when these goods are transported. Instructions should be issued to the customs and li-kin stations that whenever goods of the above description are seen they must be most careful in their examination of them. If there is the least thing suspicious about them, samples should be at once taken out from them and examined as a measure of precaution. As a matter of fact the Society has established agreements, and merchants of all nationalities are in collusion, and take part in these malpractices. For example, this summer sixteen bales of foreign cloth went into Changsha. On the first occasion they were brought into the Ta Hsi Men, and were stopped by the guard for examination. The men carrying the bales were all members of the Society, and would not agree to the examination. They made a fuss and menaced the guard, saying that these goods were the property of a certain firm, and had already passed the Customs. If they were not allowed to enter the city they would take them back again to the foreign firm, and that they themselves could not be responsible for the opening for inspection. The guards thereupon allowed them to carry them away, but seven bales had already entered the city earlier. A careful search was made in all directions, but not a trace of the goods could be discovered. It afterwards appeared that five bales had been taken in by the Hsiao Hsi Men, four by the Tsao Ch'ao Men.\n\nOrders are accordingly being issued to the higher provincial authorities to send instructions to all officials, military and civil, to take stringent and secret measures of precaution against the Society, and to prevent the escape of its members through remissness. **Important**.\n\n## \nDear Sir John,\n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nConsul Ker to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nNanking, October 30, 1906.\n\nI delayed replying to your telegram about the reported disaffection amongst the troops until I could get hold of the official on whom I depend chiefly for information. I managed to see him yesterday, and sent the result by telegram this morning. He particularly asked that his name should not be mentioned to Peking, so I can only say that he is in a position to have trustworthy information, and that I see no reason why he should want to mislead me. He speaks English.\n\nThere is practically no standing army in these parts now, and the whole situation depends on how far Tuan Fang, who is said to be thoroughly alive to the danger, may succeed in instilling a spirit of discipline into the \"Cheng Ping \"the \"modern troops levied locally in the last two or three years to take the place of the disbanded Hunanese. The recruiting of these was accompanied with a great flourish of trumpets. They were to be of a higher class, true patriots, and so on, and there was said to be a good deal of grumbling amongst them when, after being welcomed by school processions, waving banners, and chanting of patriotic odes, they were set to do the ordinary coolie work of soldiers in peace time. Praschma, German instructor in the Military College, who sees something of the military element here, tells me the feeling is much better now, but my Chinese informant denies this, and points to the rioting that took place last July on the occasion of a quarrel between soldiers and... \n\n## \nPage 467", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 414307, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-348 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [7-10]", "page_number": 218, "title": "CO129-348 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [7-10]", "content_text": "# Enclosure 2.\n\n## Memorandum by Medical Officer of Health.\n\n### RATS.\n\nThere are 14 rat catching coolies now employed, while some portion of the time of the coloured Foreign Interpreters on the Plague Staff is given to the supervision of these coolies.\n\nI have for many months past been convinced that, in this Colony at least, the rat-catchers are not worth retaining. They are a source of irritation to the Chinese, who resort to every method of stultifying their work such as by springing off the rat traps, turning the birdlime boards upside down, or hanging them up in inaccessible positions, and if perchance a rat is caught it is usually flung into the road and opposite a neighbour's house rather than opposite the house where it was caught, or had died. We cannot hope to make any appreciable impression upon the enormous rat population that lives underground in sewers, storm drains, retaining walls and burrows and hence I think that our efforts should be directed wholly to excluding rats from dwellings. This we do by requiring concreted ground surfaces, the provision of gratings to all drain inlets, and ventilating openings, the abolition, as far as possible, of ceilings and hollow walls and the regular collection of garbage so as to leave as little food as possible available for this vermin.\n\nI would not abolish rat-catching altogether, but would make this merely a small part of the ordinary duty of the Plague Inspector, who should supply rat-traps, rat poison, or birdlime boards on application by any householder, and should otherwise only apply these measures when specially directed by one of the Medical Officer of Health. This would dispense with the necessity for any special rat-catching staff.\n\nI am glad to see that only within the last two or three months Dr. Ashburton Thompson has expressed similar views.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-348 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [7-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 414707, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-348 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [7-10]", "page_number": 618, "title": "CO129-348 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [7-10]", "content_text": "614 \n\n# \n\nto viajeros sit of habtawtot saw tax of .7 to notnigo edt død \n\nno beand vlogral saw motɛnetnoo vm to Joaqua são ɛa bna 102822 \n\nalɗaðivent al st er of beaaerqze noluiqo evolverq a'laX of .T \n\nedadā to visteroeë adð dółw tilglow bar svar blvora midt Jarð \n\nsɗt wind MOTT JIAGA ,dnevur:avoð aɗd to not÷oa add galvorqqa ni \n\n.steiqmoont saw tax of .\" of visterosë Latnolo) erið vd duq emas \n\n.10 of awoɗa nood evæd digangersq antwollot edt ni aðost effT \n\n„A†AWOOA Bs mid yd of beinsaam baa laX of \n\norið meďu rasy taal omið erit ja am asa oð lax o} .rd boxes I \n\n¡berebianos gateɗ aaw mavori va gaåjust gauf oH .TH to moitasup \n\n#noo ed dadi am bertiotat eĦ‚mid ridiw teðčan odd besauoaib bita \n\n»sɗ notéqmxa mít tuang of sauter oð eldanonserm di borshia- \n\nnsawred of emoɔ gutbnaturebnu ord to doaend a ed bluow Ji sauao- \n\nGutty At ,nolob and ni esamiño gaihasi add bna anacurtavon edt \n\n-rittw bad Ikororo? edt to atecra} [stolttom) mesatɗ0 miż dołɗw to \n\nto subtir at bas (sonaalbro wds of notsinoqqo riad? mwørb« \n\n#ibr0 mốt odal beouborŷni saw equalɔ not:quare edit oala doldu \n\nnarisatiɔ wolla of gnted nols (prexa atrit to toatɗo act .sQ!!&#!» \n\nno Xast odd no aearod časy od gmolóð elds mi nożituoq to \n\nto eno asw dư% of .Ti radford a'gauT of .TM .amolasooo Isioeqa \n\n-nos bus emiz erit da 101 Jase arow oftw domoIznoŋ ssentiɔ sit \n\n.od amoo a«w gałbastatebnu altíð eroteď Jaerurtevoð sið yď betiua» \n\nerit welvietat of anengntiLkw atd berømtent neid tax of .* \n\n„Joetdum edź no dnauriavoð \n\n-0% \n\nnoon bad I daɗt lax of .1 berotak I abtawtosta ayah wel A \n\nbar I dart hua,Joatdua adó no Tontovoð add yons!Isaza alf \n\nvlotIduq að Jon blvoda reddam orið tada fiale sid of babapoa \n\nteamiɗ eldvora od don mid bexas I enoterada bus,bensqa, \n\nvaltaa of rebro at bas (abrtawraðDA „Teððøn edð að reddurt \n\n“ath bra vistaroeë Iatno100 adt waa ed „Postdua aɗð do TiemmiɗË \n\nsean a'grĩ of .M to weir eff .miri dokw radtam aɗð borgio\" \n\naa tat sa lạX of .* of betnsaerq viajeroe Isimofod edə doldw \n\n-igatwoflot edd yinlan naw Joelloos\" blwoo er \n\n¿Last erið mo nwo shi to savori a gbastis bari gaut oĦ,\"M_Jad¶ \n\nthat the argument that \"therefore it was unreasonable to refuse leave to Mr. Ho Tung to rent the Eyrie\" was not sound because otherwise there would be no check: he might apply for 5 or 6 houses in other parts of the Peak and the same argument would be raised.\n\nHaving considered this argument to Dr. Ho Kai said that he agreed with that view.\n\nOn my seeing Dr. Ho Kai a short time ago he informed me of this interview. I then said to him \"But did not the Colonial Secretary tell you that the reason why Mr. Ho Tung had arranged to take my house for himself and Mrs. Ho Tung alone, was that he had been recommended by the doctor to get some change of air, as he was suffering from some illness (I forget what); and that as his own house faced south and lay in a hollow, Mr. Ho Tung thought that the Eyrie, which was some 400 feet higher up and much healthier, would be beneficial?\" Dr. Ho Kai told me that so far as he could remember the fact had not been mentioned by the Colonial Secretary; I then said, but this was mentioned in my application to the Executive Council for exemption: I then asked him this question: If these facts had been mentioned by the Colonial Secretary would you still have considered the refusal to grant the exemption reasonable? Dr. Ho Kai's answer was no, I think that in these circumstances and, owing no other valid reasons then existing against it, it was unreasonable not to grant it.\n\nI desire to say as little as possible with reference to the action of the Colonial Secretary in the matter. I shall therefore content myself with saying that I am astonished at it, and that it is conduct which, in the case of parties being at arm's length, no Court would approve. But this was a case in which from the circumstances the utmost good faith should have been observed. What has been done? One branch of my contention was rested on the fact that in Dr. Ho Kai's opinion the refusal to grant the exemption was a violation of the undertaking in virtue of which the exemption clause was introduced into the Ordinance,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-348 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [7-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 415091, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-349 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [10-12]", "page_number": 380, "title": "CO129-349 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [10-12]", "content_text": "# 374 \n## DESPATCH \n### Governor \n**No.** \n\n1908 \n\nLast previous Paper: `7623` \n\n### HONG KONG \n**No. 789** \n\n(Subject) \nHowlow-Canton Railway. - Defect in Bridges \n\nExplains his action in directing Suspension of work on bridges, and maintains that it has not discredited the Ch. Eng(in any way. \nof this kind it is for local Govt to decide that in a case \n\n### (Minutes) \nMr Frode thinks report should be put before Council and await Mr Barry's \n\n14 \nJ+74/ \n\nKht. Jud: 15. \n\n15 \nAl-muce \n\nT. 5, Ltd -292--- \n25000-11-7. \nW. & S.I.4.-29 10 \n25000-71-7. \n\nSubsequent Paper: `9334`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-349 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417734, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 446, "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "442\n\n(Report of cruise in vicinity of Mirs Bay omitted as unimportant).\n\nOn the 15th the two Gunboats (\"Chên-to\" and His Majesty's Gunboat \"Bouncer\") anchored together at Ta Sing bay near P'ing Hoi, and it was thereupon agreed on the proposition of Lieutenant Lloyd that we should proceed on the following day to the Pratas Shoal, lying about 150 miles seaward from Cupchi, and overhaul the neighbourhood in search of pirates. Leaving our anchorage on the following day, accordingly, we proceeded in that direction, and by keeping under way through the night, arrived at the Pratas Shoal at 10 a.m. on the 17th instant.\n\nI have to remark that although the Pratas Shoal is described as lying four or five hundred li from the coast of Cupche it is in reality an isolated shoal lying in the midst of the China Sea, semi-circular in shape, the hollow of its curve facing the northwest, and some hundred miles or more in total circumference. (The rocks of which it consists) are alternately covered and left dry by the tide. Near the edge of the shoal is a small sandy island, barely three miles in circumference.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421707, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 496, "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "491\n\n稽\n\nConsul's expressions of friendship [are] hollow. He won't help us \nbut put the responsibility off on to the Portuguese. Tatter \nwill of course agree with former. A plain neglect of Chinese \nrights. China's 400 millions, once united, can accomplish \nanything even war. As last resort boycott of \"Fatshan\" must \nbe started.\n\nLin's speech. Same as Li's. Referred to previous occasions \nwhen Chinese have been killed. Chinese Government powerless \nto take up cases with foreigners.\n\nLi's speech.\n\nRepetition of the substance of the circular.\n\nSung a song illustrative of China's wrongs \nat foreign hands. Referred to the \"Paul Beau\" case. \"Fatshan\" \nshould be boycotted as also the others. We don't care what \nnationality accused is; anyhow the ship is British and British \nofficials must deal with it. We must report the Consul-\nGeneral.\n\nYeh's Speech. Nothing of importance.\n\nAt the end of the speeches a proposal was made to petition the Viceroy, British and Portuguese Consul-General. If no satisfactory action is taken the \"Fatshan\" and other boats and Farland generally will be boycotted as in the case \nof America and Japan.\n\nThe leading members Huang Kun Yin and Li Chih Ting \nnot present.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422458, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 487, "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "## Inclosure 5 in No. 1\n\n### The Viceroy of the two Kuang Provinces to Mr. Mayers\n\nCanton, May 30, 1869.\n\nTHE Viceroy received, on the 25th instant, a Report from Lieutenant-Colonel Shang Chang-mao and Pao Ying-hiung (Superintendents of the gun-boat squadrons) to the following effect :- \n\n\"The Acting British Consul, Mr. Mayers, having personally represented the occurrence of acts of piracy among the islands to the eastward of Hong Kong, and requested that a gun-boat be dispatched in company with a British vessel of war, and to cruise in that direction, we hereupon directed Major Fan Kan-ting, Commandant of the gun-boat 'Chên-to', to proceed on the 12th instant to Hong Kong for this purpose, and after visiting the neighbourhood of Mirs Bay, &c., to go on to the coast in the vicinity of Cupche, and use every effort conjointly (with the British force) for seizing any pirates met with during the cruise. These particulars have already been reported to your Excellency, and Major Fan Kan-t'ing has now reported his proceedings as follows :--\n\n[Report of cruise in vicinity of Mirs Bay omitted as unimportant.]\n\nOn the 15th the two gun-boats ('Chên-to' and His Majesty's gun-boat 'Bouncer') anchored together at Ta Sing Bay, near Ping Hoi, and it was thereupon agreed, on the proposition of Lieutenant Lloyd, that we should proceed on the following day to the Pratas Shoal, lying about 150 miles to seaward from Cupche, and overhaul the neighbourhood in search of pirates. Leaving our anchorage on the following day, accordingly, we proceeded in that direction, and, by keeping under way through the night, arrived at the Pratas Shoal at 10 A.M. on the 17th instant.\n\n\"I have to remark that, although the Pratas Shoal is described as lying 400 or 500 li from the coast of Cupche, it is in reality an isolated shoal lying in the midst of the China Sea, semi-circular in shape, the hollow of its curve facing the north-west, and some 100 miles or more in total circumference. (The rocks of which it consists) are alternately covered and left dry by the tide. Near the edge of the shoal is a small sandy island, barely 3 miles in length, where, although a certain amount of herbage does exist, there are no inhabitants. The whole place is studded with rocks in all directions, the winds and tides are variable and not to be depended upon, and an extraordinarily heavy sea prevails all around. The spot is scarcely ever visited either by Chinese or foreign trading-vessels. Having ascertained, in concert with Lieutenant Lloyd, that there were no traces of pirates making this their resort and plundering trading-vessels, we left the Pratas on the 19th instant and proceeded on our return voyage, arriving at Hong Kong on the 20th, and, after reporting to the Commodore, proceeded to Canton,\" &c.\n\nOn receipt of the foregoing Report, the Viceroy has to communicate the same for the honourable Consul's information, and avails, &c.\n\n## Inclosure 6 in No. 1\n\n### Mr. Mayers to the Viceroy of the two Kuang Provinces\n\nCanton, June 1, 1869.\n\nTHE Undersigned has the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Excellency's despatch of the 30th ultimo, forwarding copy of the Report made by Major Fan Kan-ting respecting the visit of the gun-boat \"Chên-to\" to the Pratas Shoal, &c., which he has perused with attention.\n\nHe begs to observe in reply that the Pratas Shoal, lying as it does some 170 miles eastward from the coast of Kwangtung, occupies a position in the midst of the China Sea precisely in the track of vessels sailing north or south from the Chinese ports, as a result of which it frequently occurs that vessels are lost upon it when deviating, in even the slightest degree from their proper course, owing either to tempestuous weather or defective observations.\n\nSuch avoidable disasters occur on an average two or three times in the course of the year, and it has become a practice with the junk people of this province to lie in wait at the shoal for cases of shipwreck. The moment a foreign vessel strikes they rush on board and commence, regardless of all remonstrance or resistance, to strip her of everything they can lay their hands upon. It is highly necessary that measures be taken to put a stop to this lawless state of affairs. Ere long, undoubtedly, a lighthouse will be constructed at this spot, which will enable vessels to avoid the danger of the shoals, but an undertaking of this description will be a work of time, and in the meanwhile steps should be taken for affording efficient protection to vessels in distress, as is the duty of every civilized and humane Government. The Undersigned would point out to your Excellency that an island exists in the midst of the shoal which is about 3 miles in length, and where, although the island itself is not inhabited, vessels may be anchored and used as a place of residence. He therefore begs that your Excellency will take into consideration the propriety of stationing one or two war-junks at this locality, where their presence will both serve as a check on the desperadoes who live by the plunder of foreign vessels and will also enable your Excellency to carry out the provisions of the 20th Article of the Treaty of Tien-tsin, where it is stipulated that if any British vessel be wrecked or stranded on the coast of China the Chinese authorities shall adopt measures for its relief and security and extend friendly treatment to those on board. Such a consummation will be worthy of your Excellency's benign disposition.\n\nWith reference to Major Fan Kan-t'ing's Report, the Undersigned begs leave to observe that it does not tally in all particulars with that made by Lieutenant Lloyd, R.N., commanding His Majesty's gun-boat \"Bouncer,\" who mentions that on reaching the Pratas he found in the lagoon a Chinese junk, having sixteen men and five women on board, and that on searching her in concert with Major Fan Kan-t'ing and Captain Edwards, Commander of the \"Chên-to,\" he found her to be filled with articles forming part of the equipment of foreign vessels, besides a quantity of miscellaneous cargo. The master of the junk, on being interrogated, stated that he had been at anchor there for two months. It is plain therefore that this vessel was lying at the shoal on the look-out for cases of shipwreck, and the Undersigned is surprised to find that Major Fan Kan-t'ing makes no mention of her in the Report sent in.\n\nHe avails, &c.\n\n## Inclosure 7 in No. 1\n\n### The Viceroy Jui-lin to Mr. Mayers\n\nCanton, June 6, 1869.\n\nTHE Viceroy has to acknowledge the receipt on the 1st instant of the honourable Consul's despatch relating to the Report made by Major Fan K'an-ting respecting the Pratas Shoal (despatch requoted in full), and, in reply, he has to state that, of the shoal in question, the outer side is under the jurisdiction of the right battalion of the brigade of Lung-men, and the inner side under that of the left battalion of the above brigade, and also of the district magistracy of Ho-p'u, but in the despatch now received the Viceroy finds that no distinction is drawn as to either \"outer\" or \"inner\" side. In all cases, however, of shipwreck on the part of foreign vessels along the coast, it is incumbent upon the local authorities, in fulfilment of the Treaty, to take measures for affording them protection and assistance; but the request contained in the despatch now under acknowledgment, to the effect that steam gun-boats may be stationed at the Pratas for the purpose of affording such protection, has not the support of any Article in the Treaty, and it is not expedient to accede to it.\n\nThe Viceroy issues orders to the district Magistrate of Ho-p'u for the latter's guidance, and also to the above-mentioned military departments, to the effect that in the event of any foreign vessel being hereafter wrecked upon or near the Pratas Shoal, measures must be taken in accordance with the Treaty for affording them protection, and also that efficient steps must be taken without intermission for seizing and bringing to trial the piratical characters who resort to that locality, as a necessary part of the proceedings for affording the protection in question. The Viceroy also instructs Colonels Pao and Shang, the Commandants of the gun-boat squadron, to examine into the discrepancy pointed out in the despatch now under acknowledgment.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422726, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 129, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# \n24 \n\nretinue. Business with China is carried on viâ Schönn mu, said to be four days' riding to the south (and within the Wall). In spite of its proximity to China we had the greatest difficulty in finding any one who spoke Chinese. Leaving the Yamen we struck south-west, and three hours later reached the lama temple of Kandshur with a population of fifty. Close by is a small stream abounding in geese, fish-hawks, and mandarin duck. The ground all the way was heavy with alkaline salt, which often gave to the country the deceptive appearance of a lake. We slept the night at the Mongol farm of Iloloi, one and a-half hours beyond Kandshur; here I was attacked, when on foot, by five fierce dogs, which got between me and the caravan, and was forced to shoot one in order to save my life.\n\nMay 6.--The dust and the bitterly cold wind ceased and were succeeded by great heat. The land became soft and good in places with a small amount of water; it would seem therefore, capable of supporting a much larger population. A group of six trees in a hollow show that trees will grow if given the opportunity.\n\nDuring the morning we passed the Gurdun temple with a population of only six lamas. Just before reaching the temple a small stream is crossed in a depression, the water winding its way through red sands to join the Ulan Muran. The temple stands among some fine trees. Two hours and a-half later we reached the residence of the Prince of Djussak which is situated on a slight eminence and is visible from some distance. The residence resembles those of the other Princes. The Prince had not up to then been to the Wataishan but was expected to go shortly to see the Dalai Lama. We halted for the night at the tribal temple, two hours west of the Princely residence. There are some hundred lamas there, of whom some are said to belong to the monasteries of Wutaishan.\n\nMay 7.--We went in a south-westerly direction keeping a conspicuous obo and white temple below it to our right and ascended a ridge on the top of which among some trees we passed the ruins of a temple, attacked, looted, and burnt by robbers forty years ago. To our left lay the small lake of Baga noor. The country is rough and wholly uncultivated even round the few Mongol cabins scattered about; sandy soil everywhere and at times all vegetation ceases and huge sand hillocks are passed among or over which the track winds. Water can be found at intervals. We stopped for the night close to the small lake of Chagan noor; the country is white with saline efflorescence. During the morning we passed two temples, those of Onkar and Togoru, both well furnished as regards shrines, scrolls, and temple musical instruments. En route we passed a Chinese itinerant merchant, the first caravan we have met in the Ordos. He had come from Wutaishan and was travelling slowly in a south-westerly direction selling pots, pans, beads, trinkets, tobacco, and general supplies to the Mongols. He had eight camels and as many ponies.\n\nAt Chagan noor we slept at the house of a Chinaman, a native of Shensi, who has been here six years and is employed in making salt bricks. These he sends by camel to Kweihuacheng and Peking. His business arose out of the Boxer troubles. For the damage wrought to the Belgian Mission stations in 1900, the Princes of Djassak, Wushin, and Ottok were ordered by the Central Government to pay 250,000 taels as indemnity; the Princes were to pay 70,000, 80,000 and 100,000 taels respectively. They could only raise 190,000 taels altogether; the Shensi merchants came to their assistance and lent the remaining 60,000 taels receiving in return this salt concession for twenty-seven years. They then placed this man in charge of the work. There seems to have been some trouble with the Mongols when he first arrived which necessitated the presence of soldiers, but all ill-feeling is said to have died away. The salt is taken in the winter time when the lake is frozen, the layer of salt and dust being taken from the top, boiled and the pure salt obtained. Nine huge pans are used, each pan being able to turn out five bricks a day. (See `Industries`.)\n\nMay 8.--We left in a westerly direction across a plain covered with brushwood, some of the ground being so marshy that the camels sank deep into it and could not rise until their loads had been removed. Vast stretches of saline efflorescence at times. In the afternoon the ground began to rise steadily and the sands recommenced. We completely lost our way looking for the residence of the Prince of Washin and had the utmost difficulty in finding a night's shelter. Eventually a very poor yourt called Shi wa was discovered in a coppice. We had great difficulty here in getting a reply to our questions as to distances. What can the traveller make of the answer, \"Ride pony twice run\"? The distance was short, a morning's ride, but can the stranger guess that?\n\nMay 9.--After four hours' marching to the west we reached the Wushin tribal temple standing among some magnificent trees. The number of lamas cannot be less than 400 here. They were exceedingly unfriendly and almost troublesome. We found we had come out of our way again but the lamas refused to show us the right road to the Prince's residence and professed ignorance of what we wanted. They hustled us in short from the temple. We subsequently learnt that the Prince was actually on a visit to the temple and was living in one of the buildings.\n\nRetracing our steps somewhat we found ourselves on the road to Yulinfu, and turned south over hills resembling a Surrey heath. In the late evening we sighted a well-to-do farm to our left called Ba la be-be su; here we halted and were received with the utmost friendliness. We found that we had been quite close last night to the old residence (Chiu se fu) of the Washin Prince, but that His Highness has recently moved southwards.\n\nMay 10.--Leaving early, we rejoined the high road and kept southward. Occasional waterholes by the roadside show that water is obtained by caravans by digging, but that it is scarce. Travelling slowly through the loose sand we ascended to a conspicuous obo on the top of a ridge, and here turned off from the track towards the south-west and came through a narrow marshy strip to the residence of the Wushin Prince after an eight hours' march. The buildings stand on open ground, close to, and slightly above, an old lake bed, a portion of which is still marshy. The buildings, courtyard, and temple, are surrounded by a low brick wall. The population only amounted to three souls, one of whom was an aged lama, another the Prince's nephew, and the third a distant relative. The Prince is boycotted by his subjects because he has surrendered the land of the tribe to the Chinese Government; they refuse to do any work for His Highness, and the yamên has had to be closed. In spite of the absence of the Prince at the tribal temple (he is said to be supervising some rebuilding there) we pitched our tents in the courtyard, much to the annoyance of His Highness's pet monkey which made itself a great nuisance.\n\nBoth yesterday and to-day we passed great quantities of carcases and bones of horses, sheep and cattle lying about. It appears there has been a plague and great mortality amongst the beasts in the districts. The Mongols know of no remedy, and do nothing to check such a plague; the animals just die and the plague stops when it likes.\n\nMay 11.--The present given not being considered sufficient, the Prince's nephew tried to be disagreeable and asked for our passports. As the camels were already loaded, and in view of the real cause of the request, I did not consider it necessary to satisfy a belated curiosity. Leaving in a south-westerly direction, we came in the afternoon into a well-defined road leading to Ninghsiafu. The country was covered with hills of driftsand and a great quantity of brushwood. No water was visible, though this could doubtless be obtained by digging; the track was unusually difficult owing to the sand. Antelope were sighted twice during the day; they had also been seen yesterday close to the Princely residence. We had great difficulty in finding water in the evening, but after a long search discovered a brackish pool hidden away among the hills to our left.\n\nMay 12.--The heat during the day is already very great and uncomfortable unless a breeze blows; the brushwood is rapidly putting out green, and the wild apricot trees in blossom; the wild flowers, such as crocuses, irises, dandelions, and violets, are also coming out. The track to the south-west is some 18 feet wide and unmistakable. It is entirely covered with driftsand, so that travelling is very slow. In the early afternoon we left the sandy hillocks and came on to a wide plain, at the end of which we sighted the Temple of Haliutai on a slight eminence, beyond which the ground slopes down again at once to cross the small stream of the Wutingho which flows south-east to the Hoangho. The temple contains over 300 lamas; we had been warned against them as being unfriendly, but we did not stay long enough for them to show any dislike. The temple is said to be in the happy position of belonging neither to the Chinese Government nor to any of the Princes--to be wholly independent in fact with a small amount of land round it. I do not imagine, however, that this so-called independence is of any account. Crossing the Wutingho we turned off, 25 minutes later, to two Mongol cabins to the left, where we stayed the night. The name of the cabins is also Haliutai.\n\nMay 13.--After three hours marching we passed Shine Sume \"New Temple,\" a regular village of huts round the temple housing some 150 lamas. There are some fine trees round the buildings. Two hours and a half later we came to the foot of a steep ridge, on the top of which we kept for a couple of hours, descending then to cross the Naringol, a stream some 30 feet wide and several inches in depth. It winds over marshy ground to the south and is a home for the Mandarin duck. We stayed the night at a ...\n\n25 \n## \n[2155 6-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422755, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 158, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "82 \n\nIn exchange, an Urga tea brick which had cost us 30 cents but which we priced here at 60 cents.\n\nA man from Kweihuacheng was in camp; he was conveying 10,000 sheep to Kweihuacheng for a dealer. He had paid 1 t. 30 c. a-piece in Uliassutai and said they would fetch from 2 taels upwards at market. They were going very slowly so as to get fat en route, and were expected to reach Kweihuacheng in about two and a-half months' time. The man in charge of them had some difficulty because on reaching the other bank of the river, he found four were missing. On returning to the Tai to complain to the waterman, he found the Mongol official eating mutton and accused him of having stolen the four. It seemed that the Mongol official was really guilty.\n\nLeaving in a north-westerly direction up a gently sloping valley covered with grass, down which rushed a small stream, we reached, after some 11 miles, a vast plain lying, it seemed, among the mountain tops. Keeping along this for another 7 miles, we reached Dagangal camp. It was bitterly cold at the height at which we were; the first snows were already lying on the mountain tops, and water in a cup left outside the tent overnight was frozen solid before morning.\n\nAugust 15.-We passed on the road sixteen ox-carts taking wood down to Hochertu for the Russian trader who is to build a house there.\n\nWe descended from the high plateau to Tumart, a distance of 12 miles. The valley into which we descended was well wooded—that is to say, on the slopes facing the north, not on those facing south.\n\nContinuing down the valley, we reached Shuruk after another 16 miles. Here we found another convoy of 400 ponies going down to the capital from Ili. Although there seems to be a great deal of movement this year as regards ponies for military purposes, I was told that it was not extraordinary.\n\nTurning north at Shuruk, we kept up a well-watered valley for 6 miles, as far as a couple of Lama Temples, where we turned towards the north-west up a mountain pass, reaching the next Tai of Hwasherat before the top of the pass was reached. The distance was some 12 miles, but the camels came by a shorter road (across the mountains) than the cart used. Hwasherat is said to be only 10 miles from Uliassutai. The night was again intensely cold, and water froze solid in a cup overnight.\n\nAugust 16th.-A few of the Mongols round here have cut off their pigtails; they wear their hair long and woolly. Perhaps Russian influence has had something to do with this change. Just after crossing the second pass from camp, we obtained our first view of Uliassutai lying among the mountains some five miles to the north of us. Descending sharply from the mountains, we reached the hollow in which the colony lies and crossed the many-channelled Bogdin Gol. None of the channels of the stream, with the exception of that which is nearest to the colony and which is the main one, present any difficulties.\n\nHere the stream is 20 yards wide and some 34 feet deep: the water rushes down at a tremendous pace. It is crossed by a narrow wooden bridge some 6 feet above the water and which rests on five hexagonal-shaped piles filled in with rocks. Crossing this, the green dragon bridge, and passing a small shrine and a tablet which records the name of the bridge, we were in the lanes of Uliassutai.\n\nThe settlement (for I wish to avoid the use of the word town, which name hardly applies) lies on the plain on the north bank of the Bogdin Gol; it is backed by fine mountains which rise less than a stone's throw from the settlement, for the plain is only half a-mile wide at this point. Both to east and west, the colony lies exposed; to the east, the plain for a mile, as far indeed as the mountains, becomes as much as a mile broad; to the west, it narrows to a few hundred yards, and down this passage, the Bogdin Gol rushes. Uliassutai has many points of comparison with Urga, the chief being the abundance of water, a good supply of wood in the neighbourhood, and the all-pervading squalor. The water is, however, bad for drinking purposes on account of the wool washing which goes on in the stream.\n\nThe settlement consists of a number of houses built of wood or mud or of both, usually with large yards attached to them, each being surrounded by a palisade of wooden poles 12 feet high. Sometimes these palisades only conceal miserable yourts. Lanes, only not so dirty as those of Urga, inasmuch as there seems to be some attempt at sanitation, run in all directions with no attempt at regularity and, being flanked by lines of palisades, make the streets singularly uninteresting. After rains, these lanes become long pools. There is only one short street which may be termed a street. It is some 300 yards long, and on either side are to be found the Chinese and Russian shops: the police stations are also in this street. There is a torlorn desolate appearance about it which testifies to the absolute stagnation of trade. This is confirmed by every Chinese merchant. The Russian traders, who number seven or eight and whose shops,\n\n83 \n\nleased from the Chinese, for they neither own a settlement of their own nor are they allowed to buy land, are side by side with those of the Chinese, share in the general depression, for there is no money with the Mongols and therefore no one to buy. It seemed to me possible that the Russians might be getting all the trade and the Chinese none, but the latter said this was not so, for the Russians sold different goods to what they did. Most of the Chinese traders are Chih-li (Peking or Tien-tsin) men. They sell silks, boots, hats, Chinese robes, snuff bottles, Lamaistic instruments, sheep-skins. Some few sell furs, but these are scarce and bad; sheep and goat-skin coats are cheap and good. I bought a long one for only 9 taels (27s.). A few Chinese merchants are engaged in the wool trade, but it may be said that this and the hair trade are to all intents and purposes monopolised by the Russian traders, who have erected sheds for cleaning and dying these in all the neighbouring villages as well as in that of the Bogdin Gol. Dr. Gatrell said in 1902, \"it is said that in the country round Uliassutai, there are at least eighty Russian traders.\" With the wool and hair trade entirely in Russian hands, the life of Uliassutai is gradually being squeezed from the Chinese, and it makes no difference to the Russian shops whether they do a thriving business or not, for their gain can be made elsewhere, while to the Chinese, an improvement in business is of vital importance.\n\nThe Chinese settlers pay no rent or taxes; anyone who comes can get land free of charge and can build a house on it or else rent one of the many empty shops whose shuttered fronts and grass-grown roofs add to the melancholy appearance of the main street. No wonder, then, that with this state of idleness, plenty to sell but no one to buy, for during the three days I spent in the colony, I never saw more than two or three people in the streets and no business whatever done, traders have maintained the impoverishing vice of opium smoking; of the twenty shops or more that I entered, I found none wherein at least three of the men behind the counter were not advanced smokers. The Acting Tartar General had just issued a belated Proclamation against its sale or use, but that matters little when everyone can procure it so easily from his home in the south.\n\nA mile to the east of the trading settlement and along the valley is a palisaded enclosure, which is the \"fortress\" and seat of Government. This fort is a square, the sides of which are about 500 yards long. The walls are formed of a double row of larch poles 20 feet high, the two rows being about 10 feet apart. The space between is filled with stones, mud, bricks, and rubbish. There is a gate on every side but the north. The fort is surrounded by a dry moat, and there is a wooden bridge at each of the gates.\n\nThis moat is some 15 feet deep and 50 feet broad; it could, I think, be filled from the river if necessary.\n\nNone of the ground between the two settlements is built on, except for an occasional miserable pourt; the plain being subject to floods from the Bogdin Gol. Numerous shallow channels of the stream have to be crossed by low bridges, consisting of planks raised a foot above the ground on low trestles.\n\nThe government is carried out by a Chiangchun (Tartar General), who has control over the whole of Northern Mongolia. This post is a Manchu appointment, and the staff is Manchu. With the Chiangchün is associated a Mongol as assistant, but, as the Russian Consul told me, the Chinese Government take good care to select one of the dullest-witted Princes for this post so as to keep entire control in their own hands. There are five offices: one for Russian trade, one for military purposes, one for internal affairs, one for Mongol affairs, and the last for finance. All these offices are to be found in the so-called fortress; the population of this fort is said to be 350, and as all are supposed to be soldiers, this may be said to be the number of the \"garrison.\"\n\nThe whole colony (i.e., the two quarters) is a military settlement, and no one is allowed to come either to trade or to an inn without a permit from the yamén. To come to trade, a passport from the Board of Dependencies in Peking is necessary, and this, it is said, would be granted to anyone, native or foreigner.\n\nThe colony does not grow at all; the wonder is that it does not decrease. In addition to the above-mentioned \"garrison,\" there is said to be a force of 100 Mongol soldiers who never enter the town but ride round the country by day, sleeping in their own yourts at night.\n\nOn reaching the settlement, I went to the Chinese inn and was refused a room until we had visited the yamén. Being dirty and travel-worn, I refused to go to call on the Governor until I had rested. This created some trouble, for the innkeeper and his friends dared not disobey the instructions; however, the head of the police force arrived and put things straight. He was a delightful old man of over 70, with the...\n\n156 \n\n...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422763, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 166, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "164 \n\n1. \n\n98 \n\nThe west end of Tolbonoor could be seen, so thought to walk to the ridge, which seemed only a couple of miles away. The distances are, however, extremely deceptive; the ridge was much further away than I supposed, and night coming on and a wolf making his timely appearance in the distance, I was obliged to beat a hasty retreat. I crossed, however, the Chagansala as it emerges from the north-west corner, and found a stretch of marshy ground quite half-a-mile broad on the other side.\n\nKisna Tai is one of those which are a present to the Government for all time; they receive no subsidy. No satisfactory explanation was given to me why the people had so given themselves to Government, but having done so, they are not squeezed, nor do the officials grumble if the tents are old or dirty. Possibly the immunity from squeezing and also from all taxation tempted the people, and they were wise; the work is light, and only four months a year, and some years there are only a few despatches to be carried, in no case very much work. The people are well-to-do; one saddle was entirely plated with silver, and this is the best test.\n\n## September 2\n\nThe snowline was still lower again this morning. The morning was cloudy, with a west wind blowing straight off the snows, and this and frequent hail showers made riding an impossibility. Leaving the basin by a low pass, we descended slightly into the valley of the Borborussu, a tributary of the Chagansala, and which joins the latter shortly after this has left the Kisna basin. We then ascended gently but steadily; at mile 2, a track leads off up the valley to the south, down which rushes the Borbor water. Crossing the stream, which was knee-deep and icy cold, we kept westwards; the valley contracting at mile 3 to a defile, from which we emerged at mile 4 onto another broad valley of the same nature. Reaching the top of the easy ascent at mile 7, we descended by a steep rocky defile to the Tai of Kolsatta at mile 11½. Two miles before reaching this, another gully on our left brings down a mountain stream, and this flows past the Tai, which is situated close to where the stream emerges onto another valley. This Tai is also a present to the Government and seems to be run in common with the next Tai (a most unusual proceeding), for after a rest, we resumed the march with the same animals and men. Continuing westwards, we reached the new valley a mile away, and bending south-west, we found ourselves in a valley some 7 miles long and 2 broad, with a stream flowing from south to north, and which, after being joined by the Kolsatta stream, issues from the valley by a sharp bend behind the mountains through which it then works in a northern direction. This river is the Saksau, one of the largest tributaries of the Kobdo River. Touching the river at mile 2¼, we turned south along the valley to mile 6, the end of the valley, and where the stream issues from the mountains. Here we had to ford it. It is some 50 yards broad and a foot deep and flows swiftly over a stony bed. It maintains its width throughout the valley and, splitting at times into channels, waters a large area and is the cause of a great amount of good pasturage. Having crossed the stream, we bent south-west, and half a mile later entered a narrow gorge some 150 yards wide but narrowing in places to 100, down which rushes a small stream, the Yoltakussu, to join the Saksau. The bleak mountains rise 200 feet precipitously and unbroken on either side. Up this gorge, we steadily climbed to mile 10, where a few yourts blocked the way. Here we camped for the night at Yolta. It was a curious spot to choose for a Tai, with the wind whistling down the gorge. An interesting feature of the afternoon was some Hassack graves. These are simply mounds of stones. It was a sign that we were drawing near to the districts of these wild Mahommedans. They were the first graves we had seen since leaving China, for the Mongols (as is known) dispose of their dead by casting them out to the dogs and vultures.\n\n## September 3\n\nWe had now to take to yak as a means of transport; these we found to be able to carry as much as camels. They travelled more slowly, however. Leaving the gorge at once by a cleft, we ascended in a south-westerly direction to get round a snow-capped ridge which barred the direct road. Reaching the top of the pass at mile 3, we turned west to reach the top of another pass at mile 4. We were now encircled by snow-clad mountains, the centre of the Altaishan. Descending slightly from the second pass, we kept along a level valley, which at mile 7 began to ascend again to drop abruptly into the ravines where the Burdum, one of the principal headwaters of the Saksau, rushes down. Crossing this in a westerly direction, we climbed up the precipitous opposite bank and steadily ascended alongside a little brook. Suddenly we came to a small oval-shaped lake with a circuit of a quarter of a mile and from which the brook issues; keeping this lake on our right, we still ascended, and a quarter of a mile later reached another lake twice as large, draining into the lower lake and fed by a small mountain brook at the north-west end. Steadily climbing, we reached at \n\n99 \n\nmile 9 yet a third lake at the foot of a loaf-shaped mountain, the whole face of which seemed to be one swamp and watercourse. This lake collects the drainage off the hills and sends it down to the Burdum, but not by way of the lower lake. On the banks of this third lake is the Tai of Hotolgoi, which, if two languages can be intermixed, means very appropriately \"riverhead.\" This is the first of the series of Hassack Tais, none of which receive any subsidy from the Chinese. Here we should have said goodbye to the Mongols, but all the camels and ponies of the Tai having gone forward with the guns, we induced the men of the last Tai, for double pay, to do another journey tomorrow. The Hassacks talk no Mongol or Chinese, and if we had not had a Hassack-speaking man with us, we should have been in a sorry plight. The Hassack (or Kirghiz) tents are similar to the Mongol yourts, only perhaps more slovenly constructed. The natives wear a peculiar boot; this is a long leather one such as the Mongols use; the foot, however, is flexible, and over it is drawn another shoe; this latter has a heel some 4 inches high, which raises the foot off the ground in a grotesque way; it is said to be convenient for mountain use, though the reverse would have been my opinion. It was strange to leave the Mongol courteous snuff-bottle greeting, to which we had grown so accustomed, for the Mahommedan form of salutation. It was an impressive sight at sunset to see here, far away in the centre of the Altaishan, in Central Asia, each Mahommedan coming out of his tent to pray. The reverence for a Supreme Being struck one with peculiar force after the meaningless and thoughtless whirling of the Mongol prayer-wheels.\n\nThe wind increased to a gale at night, and most of the tent collapsed. As this was pitched on sand, it was like sleeping in a sandstorm of the worst type. In the middle of the night, I got a rude shock from a hairy face being thrust into my own; one's first thought was of Hassack raids; it was, however, only a harmless goat which had sought refuge from the storm.\n\n## September 4\n\nClimbing a shoulder of the loaf-shaped hill, we dropped about three-quarters of a mile to a lake half a mile long, draining into a small lake below, the latter probably draining into the second of the lakes passed yesterday. This lake collects the drainage of the hills, and the rest of the ascent, to mile 2¼, was chiefly over marshy ground and streams; all the stagnant water was covered with ice half an inch thick.\n\nIt took us one and three-quarter hours to reach the top of the pass, which is very steep. Turning to the north-west, we descended to a lake which serves the same purpose on this side of the ridge as do the small lakes on the other side, all the slopes of the hills being practically watercourses. Keeping along the near shore, we reached the end at mile 6¾; the side of the lake being probably 3 miles long, its width about a quarter of a mile. We then descended the gully by which the lake sends its waters forward by means of a stream, insignificant at first, but gaining strength as it descends. Half-way down this, a hollow in the hills holds the water again in a narrow lake, and numerous other pools are formed before the stream finally reaches Daunnoor. Leaving the stream at mile 1¾, we passed over hills and valleys to reach the south-westerly end of the series of lakes, known as Daunnoor, which drain into each other and send forth a stream into the Kobdo River. Here is the Hassack Tai of the same name at mile 2¾ at the foot of the wooded slopes of the main range of the Altais. The forests of fir afford a pleasant change to the eye after the entirely bleak hills we have traversed for so many days, while the charm of the landscape is increased by the beauty of the setting of the blue lakes surrounded by snow-clad mountains.\n\nWe were detained at Daunnoor several days, as all the transport animals had gone forward with the guns. There was, however, plenty of mutton and goat's flesh to eat, while, by way of distraction, the Hassack language could be studied. Unfortunately, there was no game; occasionally deer are seen here, but never bear.\n\nIn winter, the Hassacks pack their tents and go to the foot of the other side of the mountains, coming back in the early summer. In winter, these valleys are deep in snow, and not a soul lives in them. There is a delightful Mongol joss here, a grotesque marble statue of the Buddha, some 5 feet high, which is covered with camel's hair, rags, cash, grease, and other votive offerings of Mongols. The figure is surrounded by a palisade of fir logs 6 feet high. The Hassacks all seem to differ in appearance; this is doubtless because they are of no special race but have drifted into these mountainous ranges from afar. Yesterday, one was black-bearded and swarthy, the Abdul Hamid kind of face; today, we have a fair one with blue eyes and a pale moustache, more like a Russian than anyone else.\n\nIt may be said that the main range of the Altaishan is the limit of the Kobdo Government, also the boundary between the Mongols and the Hassacks, for though the", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422773, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 176, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "174 \n\n118 \n\nif sick they have to go to any doctor they can, and have to pay for treatment themselves. I did not ask to see the rifles which are probably of Noah's Ark pattern, as I felt that whatever they were they would be quite wasted on this inefficient, opium-smoking, rotten garrison. I met the Major on way back, an aged man of over 60, who was very effusive, begged me to return and take tea, which I declined. Returning to city, skirted west wall and south wall as far as gate, and took broad avenue leading south-west for about a mile--past some brick-kilns--to another barracks, the cavalry one. A fort of the same pattern precisely--possibly a trifle smaller. Here a Captain commands, drawing the same pay as the Major at the other fort. I heard there were 125 on register, but in reality only 70 or 80, most of whom had gone with the Captain to meet the Chentai. The faces of the few left betrayed opium sots. \n\nA soldier gets 5 taels 55 cents a month, but has to pay for his own horse on journeying; the cost of this being some 3 taels--is deducted from his pay. When he wants to leave he cuts off some of the hair and tail, and tells the Captain that the pony is dead. \n\nThe place was horribly dirty; pigs and fowls were running about everywhere, and the Captain's wife and family tumbling about the dirty yards. I asked what work the soldiers had to do, and they thought they had a great deal. In summer, some are told off to take the horses out to grass, others to clean the yard, get wood, and ride with letters. In summer the horses feed outside, in winter they are kept inside dark stalls, of ordinary Chinese inn pattern, and get straw and hay; this the Captain has to find himself. \n\nChuguchak, as regards defences, might be able to resist a native foe, a foreign one would entirely disregard it or be inside the yamên in ten minutes. In the evening I had a talk with a Chinese man who said that his brother had been murdered not long ago by a Russian Hassack. The murderer was caught, but after confinement for two or three days at Bakhti was reported to have died of cold. Chinese authorities are powerless, or else are too anxious to please the Russians in order to retain their posts, from which they could be easily ousted by hints at Peking and elsewhere as to their corruption and financial mismanagement, to take active steps. If only a portion of what I heard as to the lawlessness of Russian subjects is true, any complaints of the Russian Government as to the infraction of the frontier or lawlessness of Chinese subjects are distinctly one-sided. \n\nI dined at the Russian Consulate in the evening. Poor Loutchitch was very tired after two days' strenuous work, seeing off his Consuls, and interviewing Chinese officials and carrying on routine work, and it was rather unfair to tackle him in such a state. It was then that I asked him about the Consulate guard at Urga. He said that everything was necessary for prestige in Mongolia where the people were savage (I have endeavoured to show by my solitary journey without an escort that the people are really most friendly disposed). Loutchitch asked me if I had heard that the Governor was in trouble over the Hassack murder question: I said yes, and asked him if it was true, and he confirmed it. It seems that the executed official had really been squeezing, but, as Loutchitch said, there was not much difference between all the officials as far as that went. They (the Russian Consulate) possessed strong documentary evidence inculpating the Governor in this matter and also in other peculations, and they found it very useful, when discussing matters which required a prompt settlement, to leave a written statement of moneys stolen by his Excellency on the table close to where he sat; they had seen the signs of distress on his Excellency's face on noticing the paper. Loutchitch was speaking in all sincerity, and, while allowing a slight margin for exaggeration, it shows how the Russian officials get the upper hand in Mongolia, for they hold the dishonest officials (and who is not?) in the hollow of their hands. There is little difficulty in obtaining evidence against them in a country where practically all is known. The only doubt is as to the legitimacy of the use of knowledge so obtained, and this does not seem to disturb the Russians. \n\nTalking of my own journey Loutchitch laughed, and said it had taken him forty days to come from Urga to Chuguchak instead of twenty. How did I know he had not followed me about? He then spoke seriously, and said that he had been obliged to visit the Iro gold mines in the mountains to the north-east of Urga to see how matters were going there, and that he had found the utmost and most lamentable chaos and confusion. \n\nOctober 4.--The Russian Consulate guard only consists of two Cossacks, and an increase in this is unlikely in view of the proximity of Bakhti, where there are three companies (one of cavalry, infantry, and artillery respectively). \n\nAt Bakhti begins the Russian posting system to Sergiopol and thus to Semipalatinsk. \n\n119 \n\nI had some conversation with Loutchitch over Russian affairs and the war; he said that now it was too late everyone was busy with reforms, that there had been the utmost peculation in everything; that the second Siberian line now being laid would cost very much less than the first one, for it was shorter; that it had been found that the first had been purposely made out of the straight, in order to give the contractors a large profit, while towns had been left away from the line, because they had not given the contractor a present. I mentioned Pavloff's name as an instance of what had been done, and he said, What was that? Simply a drop in the ocean of corruption that had gone on. \n\nWhile there is nothing new in all this, it is, I think, of interest, as showing that the Russian officials nowadays allow themselves to speak openly of these matters. \n\n## SECTION VIII--CHUGUCHAK TO KULDJA. \n\nWe had now used camels for the last time, and this section of the journey was performed in carts of the \"Peking\" pattern, drawn by two mules. The wheels were, however, further apart from the body than is usually the case, and admitted of heavy luggage being placed on a board between the body and the wheel. We hired the carts as far as Shihu (six days' distance to the south), at the rate of 13 taels (39s.) a-piece. \n\nLeaving Chuguchak on the 4th October we slept a night at Kwantien, and reached Emilho at noon on the 5th October. The boy's bill, on leaving Chuguchak, was interesting, as showing the expenses of travelling. It only amounted to 15 taels (45s.) for the three servants and myself for the five days we had spent in the town, and also for the necessary provisions for us all for another six days. \n\nAt Emilho we had trouble with the carters, who wished to spend the rest of the day here buying fodder and food. While waiting for an hour here we came across our host of Altaishan, who was busy trying to dispose of the 5,000 sheep he had bought from Sharasumé; prices, he said, were bad, and he would probably have to take most of them on to Ili. \n\nCrossing the Emilho, we kept in a south direction over a flat and dreary plain to a small hamlet, standing among some fine trees, called Errhtao chiao sze, 8 miles from Emilho. Here, as at each of the hamlets we had to pass, is a Government rest-house and small picket. A couple of soldiers accompanied us from one station to the next, where they were relieved by their colleagues. \n\nThe rest-houses consist of mud walls and a kang, nothing else. At this village we struck the line of telegraph poles, and kept alongside them for the rest of the way to Kuldja. The service is so little looked after that in many places the poles were nearly lying on the ground, and almost everywhere the wires sagged tremendously. In winter snow must cause a great deal of delay to the service. \n\nOctober 6.--The road is excellent and requires no keeping up. Keeping south over the plain, and crossing several small streams, we reached Lofengkou at mile 138. It is difficult to see the use of the escort from stage to stage, unless it is to protect us from the soldiers themselves, for, with the exception of an occasional drover, we met no one, and the country was open, and there were no houses. The rest-house here was gay with red felt, rugs, and carpets, in preparation for the Chentai's return journey. \n\nI went to see the Captain in charge of the picket of four men. \n\nHe has only been here a year; he said the men were never changed, their duties were only to act as escort and to keep a look-out for robbers. Presumably, too, to mend the telegraph wire if necessary. \n\nAscending over the easy shoulder of a low range of hills, we descended into another plain, and rose again steadily to a mountain chain in front of us, the Djair Shan; to the west were the Barlik Shan, and to the east other ranges of hills. We reached Toling after another 13 miles. \n\nOctober 7.--The villagers here were very eloquent about the Governor, the loathing for whom seems to reach to every part of his district. He is known as the merchant Governor. Irritation is great over the murder of the Hassack official. The villagers say that the Russian Consul tried to save him by asking for three days' grace on the plea that the man owed money to the bank and that the interval would have been used for telegraphing to Peking. \n\nWhen a Hassack wants a loan the Governor makes him take it in tea bricks; now these he obtains from Hankow at the Government expense and sells for a high price. His Excellency is also said to give land rent-free and then when farmers have cultivated it, to take it from them again for his own use. \n\nThe Prefect also seems to act in an arbitrary way; he is preventing a quantity of ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428011, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-370 - Governor Sir Lugard & Public Offices - 1910 [12]", "page_number": 559, "title": "CO129-370 - Governor Sir Lugard & Public Offices - 1910 [12]", "content_text": "Treas.\n\n33.756 Jttany.\n\n1910.\n\nhi.\n\n552.\n\n24 Augst 10.\n\nI am set-ach,\n\nThe Secy.\n\nTreasury.\n\nho recept.\n\n$.\n\ntover.\n\nle the.\n\n(8124).\n\nof the.\n\n20th Aug.\n\nwhich.\n\nenclosed.\n\ncopis.\n\nYour.\n\nthe.\n\nof lettre.\n\nChartered.\n\nBank of.\n\nIndia,\n\nAustralia.\n\n& China.\n\nIN Aller.\n\nMr Stübbe.\n\n23.\n\nRespectly.\n\nthe.\n\nreallocation.\n\nof the.\n\nBank's.\n\nauthorised.\n\nstaff to St Ky,\n\nThe J.S.\n\nA.\n\nGu. Stracks.\n\nbom ca. 26 Aug.\n\nCopy to Mr St Kong.\n\n26.\n\nholi issue.\n\nbetween.\n\nthe.\n\nLegal.\n\nBranches.\n\nthe.\n\nEast.\n\n2. Lo Crewe concup.\n\n3.\n\nHowever, to follow the instructions more closely and improve readability, here is a revised version with some corrections and formatting:\n\nTreas.\n\n33.756 Jttany.\n\n1910.\n\n552.\n\n24 August 1910.\n\nI am set-ach,\n\nThe Secy Treasury.\n\nRe: receipt of $... (8124) of the 20th August, which enclosed copies of letter from Chartered Bank of India, Australia & China.\n\nIN Aller,\n\nMr Stübbe.\n\n23.\n\nRespectfully,\n\nthe reallocation of the Bank's authorised staff to St Ky.\n\nThe J.S.\n\nA. Gu. Stracks.\n\nbom ca. 26 Aug.\n\nCopy to Mr St Kong.\n\n26.\n\nIssue between the Legal Branches the East.\n\n2. Lo Crewe concup.\n\n3.\n\nLet's further refine it according to the given rules:\n\n## Step 1: Correcting spelling errors and spacing issues.\nThe text has several spelling errors and spacing issues. For example, \"Jttany\" should be \"Jutland\", \"hi\" is unclear, \"Angst\" should be \"August\", \"set-ach\" is unclear, \"Secy\" should be \"Secretary\", \"recept\" should be \"receipt\", \"enclosed copis\" should be \"enclosed copies\", \"lettre\" should be \"letter\", \"Sudra Australa China\" should be \"India, Australia & China\", \"Stübbe\" is likely a proper noun and should be left as is, \"anthoneed\" should be \"authorised\", \"St Kory\" should be \"St Ky\" or another appropriate expansion, \"Gu. Stracks\" is unclear, \"bom ca.\" is unclear, \"holi issue\" should be \"hollow issue\" or another appropriate correction, \"Lerçal\" should be \"Legal\", \"Lo Crewe concup\" is unclear.\n\n## Step 2: Rejoining broken sentences and restoring paragraph breaks.\nThe text appears to be fragmented. Sentences and paragraphs need to be rejoined or separated appropriately.\n\n## Step 3: Applying Markdown formatting.\nHeaders, bold text, and tables should be formatted using Markdown syntax.\n\nGiven the complexity and the unclear nature of some parts of the text, a more detailed correction is challenging without further context.\n\nTreasury\n\n33.756 Jutland\n\n1910\n\n552\n\n24 August 1910\n\nI am set-ach,\n\nThe Secretary,\n\nTreasury.\n\nRe: receipt of $... (8124) of the 20th August, which enclosed copies of letter from Chartered Bank of India, Australia & China.\n\nTo Mr. Stübbe,\n\n23.\n\nRespectfully,\n\nthe reallocation of the Bank's authorised staff to St Ky.\n\nThe J.S.\n\nA. Gu. Stracks.\n\n circa 26 Aug.\n\nCopy to Mr. St Kong,\n\n26.\n\nIssue between the Legal Branches the East.\n\n2. Lo Crewe concup.\n\n3.\n\nLet's correct and simplify:\n\nTreasury\n33.756 Jutland\n1910\n\n552\n24 August 1910\n\nI am ...,\nThe Secretary,\nTreasury.\n\nRe: receipt of $... (8124) of the 20th August, which enclosed copies of letter from Chartered Bank of India, Australia & China.\n\nTo Mr. Stübbe,\n23.\n\nRespectfully,\nthe reallocation of the Bank's authorised staff to St Ky.\n\nThe J.S.\nA. Gu. Stracks.\ncirca 26 Aug.\n\nCopy to Mr. St Kong,\n26.\n\nIssue between the Legal Branches the East.\n\n2. ...\n3.\n\nThe final answer is: \nTreasury\n33.756 Jutland\n1910\n\n552\n24 August 1910\n\nI am ...,\nThe Secretary,\nTreasury.\n\nRe: receipt of $... (8124) of the 20th August, which enclosed copies of letter from Chartered Bank of India, Australia & China.\n\nTo Mr. Stübbe,\n23.\n\nRespectfully,\nthe reallocation of the Bank's authorised staff to St Ky.\n\nThe J.S.\nA. Gu. Stracks.\ncirca 26 Aug.\n\nCopy to Mr. St Kong,\n26.\n\nIssue between the Legal Branches the East.\n\n2. ...\n3.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-370 - Governor Sir Lugard & Public Offices - 1910 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 430925, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-376 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [3-4]", "page_number": 107, "title": "CO129-376 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [3-4]", "content_text": "# No. 785.\n\n## American Consular Service\n\nHongkong, March 1, 1911.\n\nThe Honourable \nThe Colonial Secretary, \nHongkong.\n\nSir,\n\nSupplemental to my communication of this morning concerning one James Kogan alias Dr. Rogers, I have the honour to inform you that I have received from the American Consul at Harbin the following telegram:-\n\n\"James Kogan alias Doctor Rogers aboard Saint Albans bound Hongkong charged embezzlement two thousand roubles Manchurian Company Limited Harbin British Corporation about thirty tall broad dark clear shaven hollow cheeks Jewish appearance speaks Russian German French English affected foreign accent please secure detention notify me. Greene\".\n\nTrusting that this information will be of service to you and that Kogan may be detained in accordance with the request of the Department of State and the Consul.\n\nI have etc.,\n\n**(Sd.) George E. Anderson,** \nConsul-General.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-376 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [3-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 432230, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7]", "page_number": 438, "title": "CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7]", "content_text": "## ROMAN CATHOLIC SERVICE\n\nSimultaneously with the service at St. John's Cathedral, a special service took place at the Roman Catholic Cathedral. The spacious building was filled with a devout congregation, and the proceedings were of a solemnity and impressiveness that affected all worshippers and helped them to realise the importance of the great event. Low Pontificial Mass was celebrated by his Lordship Bishop Pozzoui, assisted by Monsignor P. de Maria, Rev. L. Robert, and Rev. Father Noval, while the Rev. G. M. Spada and the Rev. A. Placzek were Masters of Ceremonies, the former acting for the clergy and the latter for the congregation. The order of service was as follows:\n\n* Coronation March, Rich Eilenberg, by members of the Sociedade Philharmonica, conducted by Prof. F. Gonzales.\n* Mass of the Day with collect for the Elected King.\n* During the Mass the following music was rendered:\n\t+ Veni Creator, German Core, by the Cathedral choir and friends.\n\t+ Andante Religioso, Francis Thome, by the Sociedade Philharmonica.\n\t+ Sanctus, Perosi, by the Cathedral choir.\n\t+ Largo e Mesto, Beethoven, by the Sociedade Philharmonica.\n* During the benediction of the Blessed Sacrament, the following hymns were sung:\n\t+ O Salutaris, Webb, by the Cathedral choir.\n\t+ Te Deum, Gregorian, by the choir and clergy.\n\t+ Tantum Ergo, G. Mercanti, by the Cathedral choir.\n\t+ Laudate Dominum, by the choir and friends.\n* The service closed with the singing of \"God save the King,\" by the choir, clergy, and congregation, accompanied by the band of the Sociedade Philharmonica.\n\n## THE JEWISH SERVICE\n\nAt the special service held in the Ohel Leah Synagogue, the following prayer was offered after the sermon and the opening of the Ark:\n\nAlmighty God and everlasting King! From the place of Thy habitation Thou lookest upon all the indwellers of the earth. By Thee kings reign and princes rule. Thou establishest their throne, and in Thy hand is their glory and their might.\n\nPrayer for the King and the Royal Family,\n\nMay He who giveth salvation unto kings and dominion unto princes, Whose kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, Who delivered His servant David from the hurtful sword, Who maketh a way in the sea and a path in the mighty waters - may He bless, protect and exalt our Sovereign Lord, King George, Our Gracious Queen Mary, Alexandra, the Queen Mother, Edward, Prince of Wales, and all the Royal Family.\n\nMay the Supreme King of Kings in His mercy preserve the King, guard him, and deliver him from all trouble, sorrow and hurt. May He make his enemies fall before him, and in whatsoever he undertaketh may he prosper. May the Supreme King of Kings in His mercy put a spirit of wisdom and understanding into his heart and into the hearts of all his counsellors, that they may uphold the peace of the realm, advance the welfare of the nation, and deal kindly and truly with all Israel. In his days and in ours may Judah be saved and Israel dwell securely; and may the Redeemer come unto Zion. O that this may be His will, and let us say, Amen.\n\nThe Ark was then closed.\n\n## THE PARSEE SERVICE\n\nAlmost all the members of the Parsee Community were present at their Club premises at the corner of Elgin and Shelley Streets at 4 p.m. in the afternoon for a religious service. A special prayer was recited by the Priest, the whole congregation remaining standing. The following is the translation of the prayer from Gujarati:\n\n1. Blessed be the name of Holy Abura-Mazda! Almighty Abur-Mazda, Holy, Heavenly, Pure; give ear, we beseech Thee, to the prayers of Thy Mazdayaçnian servants, and satisfy us with Thy Mercy.\n2. Receive our heartfelt thanks, O Almighty God, that Thou art pleased this day to set a peerless crown upon the head of our Gracious Sovereign, King Emperor George.\n3. Vouchsafe to him, Merciful Creator, Thy majesty. Thou hast set Thy servant, George, upon the throne of his fathers. Thou knowest his heart, that it has ever been his desire and happiness to seek the welfare of his people and to execute Thy laws in the land.\n\nBehold, the day hath come that we looked for; we have found, we have seen it, the day on which he has been anointed King, when the crown of sovereignty has been placed upon his head, the day when he lifted up his hand to heaven and took the oath, that he would rule over his people according to the Statutes of the realm, and cause Law and Justice in Mercy to be executed.\n\nTherefore we have come into Thy house, and worship toward Thy holy temple. Hearken unto the voice of our cry, our King and our God, for unto Thee do we pray. May it please Thee to bless our Sovereign Lord the King: O God, save the King! May the King live! May the King live for ever! May Thine arm strengthen him to bear the heavy yoke of governance.\n\nEven as Thou hast set a diadem of fine gold upon his head, so crown him with honour and glory, with mercy and loving-kindness. Anoint him with the oil of gladness. Vouchsafe unto him the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of knowledge and fear of Thee, so that all the nations that dwell beneath his sceptre, the sceptre of righteousness, may abide in peace and tranquillity.\n\nPour out the riches of Thy heavenly goodness upon Queen Mary, who standeth at the right hand of the King in gracious majesty. Verily on her tongue is the law of kindness. Her eyes are upon the poor and upon those that are bruised in spirit. Her heart goeth out to those that are stretched upon the bed of languishing. Give her the desire of her heart, and do not withhold the request of her lips. Bless the Queen Mother, Heir Apparent, and all the members of the Royal House.\n\nWithdraw not, we beseech Thee, Thy loving-kindness from this realm. Shield the indwellers thereof. Remove from them pestilence, sword, famine and sorrow. Spread the days when peace will flourish throughout the world, when the earth will be full of the knowledge of Thee, as the waters cover the sea.\n\nGrant unto our Sovereign Lord the King, the spirits of heavenly piety, as also Thy spirit of wisdom for his guide and Thy arm for his strength, so that in his godliness, and in his unfained spirit of wisdom and strength, Justice, Truth, Peace and Love may flourish in his days to promote the well-being, solidarity and unity of his various subjects of all classes and creeds.\n\n4. We pray unto Thee, O Merciful Mazda, to bestow upon our illustrious Sovereign splendour and glory, health, vigour and victoriousness of body, wealth which may bring all prosperity, a long line of descendants gifted with intelligence, a long life and the best, brilliant and glorious life of the Pious.\n\n5. We beseech Thee, O Bountiful Giver of all Good, to be favourable to our ruler, and to bestow of Thy bounty upon his head the full blessings of the annihilation of famine and pestilence wherever prevailing in his wide dominions, and to endow, in his vast Empire, the happiness and cheer of fruitful peace and gladsome plenty.\n\n6. We supplicate Thee, O Merciful Creator, to crown the fulness of his days with the fulness of Thy divine blessings, grace and love, and receive our humble prayers, O Almighty God, that those and all Thy other gifts may be long continued, and crown him with immortality in the life to come.\n\n7. Listen, we pray Thee, to this earnest invocation of Thy servants of the Zoroastrian faith in Hongkong, and grant us our wishes.\n\n8. Merciful and Gracious Abura-Mazda, we again beseech Thee to give ear to our prayers and to extend Thy divine blessings, favour and love, out of Thy bounteous grace, upon our Gracious Queen Mary.\n\n[June 22, 1911]\n\n## THE PUBLIC MEETING\n\nThe public meeting to endorse the telegraphic addresses to be sent to Their Majesties took place in the City Hall shortly after noon. As was to be expected, the building was taxed to its utmost, all sections of the community being represented in the large gathering. Among those present were the American Delegates from Manila, who were accompanied by Captain Agg, K.O.Y.L.I. Sir Francis Piggott, Chairman of the Coronation Committee, on the entrance of His Excellency, proposed that the Governor preside over the meeting.\n\nHis Excellency then said: - Ladies and gentlemen, - To-day in both hemispheres, in every part of the world, and in every sea where the British flag flies, the subjects of our King are uniting to do homage and to wish him prosperity in his Coronation. They testify their loyalty and reverently and earnestly express their hopes that his reign may be long, prosperous and peaceful. To-day the Crown of his ancestors - that Crown which is the symbol of unity of the Empire - will be placed upon his head in the historic hall where a long line of British kings have been crowned, with all the pomp and circumstance of the old-time ritual. We in Hongkong do not come second to any British community in our loyalty to our King and the Throne. (Applause) We are celebrating to-day this historic event with rejoicing and with prayer. We desire to transmit to His Majesty our expressions, our heart-felt good wishes and congratulations, and our desires for his long and prosperous reign. I have, therefore, asked you to meet here in the City Hall to-day that you may hear the telegrams and addresses, and may approve them which it is proposed to send.\n\nThe Executive and Legislative Councils, in joint session with the Judges, send the following telegram:\n\nThe Executive and Legislative Councils of Hongkong, and the Judges of Hongkong, on behalf of Your Majesty's subjects in the Colony, beg most humbly to offer their loyal and respectful congratulations to You on the Occasion of the Coronation of Your Majesty as King and Emperor, and of Her Majesty Queen Mary. We pray that the event which is celebrated to-day may inaugurate a long and glorious reign for Your Majesties and an era of happiness, prosperity and honourable peace for Your Majesty's Kingdom and Empire.\n\nThe Coronation Committee, on behalf of the community, and on behalf of every race and nationality, has submitted the following telegram:\n\nHis Majesty's subjects in Hongkong present their loyal homage to the King, and the people of other nationalities within the borders of the Colony join with them in offering respectful congratulations to Their Majesties and in wishing them a long and happy reign.\n\nThe Chinese community propose to lay before the King at his Coronation at Delhi, which I hope to attend, a beautifully embroidered scroll expressing their loyalty and good wishes. The translation will be read to you presently by Mr. Chan Kai Ming.\n\nI may add that I received this morning by mail intimation from the Secretary of State that it was the intention of the King to present to this Colony portraits of himself and the Queen. (Applause)\n\nHis Excellency then asked the gathering to express their approval by holding up their hands. There was a full show of hands.\n\nMr. Ng Hon Tsz then read the Chinese address in the vernacular, and Mr. Chan Kai Ming read the translation in English as follows:\n\nTO HIS MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY GEORGE THE FIFTH\n\nBy the Grace of God, King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India, Supreme Lord in and over the Colony of Hongkong and its Dependencies.\n\nAll the Chinese subjects and Chinese residents in Hongkong with uplifted hands and bowed heads dutifully present this address.\n\nBoth speakers were warmly applauded. Hon. Dr. Ho Kai asked His Excellency to present the embroidered copy of the address bound in red morocco to H. M. The King.\n\nOn the call of His Excellency three hearty cheers were given for the King, and the meeting dispersed.\n\n## ADDRESS FROM THE FREEMASONS\n\nThe Masonic bodies in Hongkong are sending the following address:\n\nTo HIS MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY KING GEORGE V - By the Grace of God, King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India.\n\nThe Order of Freemasonry was cradled in that divine Faith whereof Your Majesty is the Defender, and is founded on the purest principles of piety and virtue. It teaches those heavenly principles of our duty to God, our duty to our neighbour, and our duty to ourselves, and reminds us of the constant need in our daily life of the practice of those truly kingly attributes Benevolence and Charity.\n\nThe Freemasons of this remote District rejoice greatly therefore that Your Majesty has been graciously pleased to become the Grand Patron of our Charities, and that Her Majesty the Queen has consented to be their Grand Patroness.\n\nLoyalty, Fidelity and Obedience have ever been among the watchwords of our Orders, and Your Majesty has no more devoted subjects than those who range under our banners.\n\nMay the Great Architect of the Universe grant, in His infinite wisdom, that Your Majesty's life may exceed the span of man's allotted term and that Your reign may be blessed with every Happiness for Your Majesty, for our beloved Queen Mary and for the members of Your Royal Family, and with Peace, Joy and Prosperity for Your Majesty's loyal subjects in all lands.\n\n## THE ROYAL SALUTE\n\nAt noon the warships in the harbour, both British and foreign, and the shore batteries, joined in a royal salute.\n\n## THE CORONATION PARADE\n\nOwing to the unsettled state of the weather, the review which was fixed to take place at 8 a.m. yesterday was postponed until the afternoon. The postponement proved propitious, for the rain held off and the parade was participated in and watched under pleasant weather conditions. A cloudy sky obscured the sun's rays and minimised the heat. An exceptionally large crowd surrounded the race course, and the quantity of bunting displayed gave the Valley the holiday appearance which it wears during race week. The troops were massed in the enclosure, and as they went through their preliminary evolutions presented an imposing appearance.\n\nAt four o'clock His Excellency the Governor arrived, and a royal salute was fired by the guns of two batteries, one stationed at the north, and one at the south end of the enclosure. His Excellency, accompanied by Major-General Anderson, Colonel St. John, Major Tulloch, Captain Grotton, Commodore Eyres, Captain Taylor, Captain Simson and an Indian A.D.C., inspected the troops and then returned to the saluting base. Preparations were made for the march past, and when all was in readiness the order was given, and to the strains of \"Sons of the Sea\" and regimental airs the naval brigade and the different regiments marched past in column.\n\n| Unit | Strength |\n| --- | --- |\n| Royal Marines | 513 |\n| Royal Navy | 176 |\n| Royal Garrison Artillery | 407 |\n| H.K.S.B., B.G.A. | 209 |\n| Royal Engineers | 175 |\n| K.Y.L.I. | 422 |\n| 8th Rajputs | 708 |\n| 126th Baluchis | 713 |\n| Total | 3,468 |\n\nAfter the march past the European troops were formed into a hollow square around the saluting base, with the K.O.Y.L.I. band near the flagstaff. His Excellency read the messages of congratulation and loyalty which were forwarded to the King, and then the troops raised three hearty cheers to His Majesty which reverberated among the hills.\n\nAn impressive drum head service followed. To the music of the K.O.Y.L.I. band the troops and the spectators joined in the hymn, \"O God, our help in ages past.\" Lessons were read and prayers offered by naval and military chaplains, and the service closed with the singing of the first verse of the National Anthem, in which thousands of voices joined.\n\nThe Indian regiments then gave three lusty cheers for the King, after which the troops, four deep, marched through the city to barracks.\n\n## ENTERTAINING THE CHILDREN\n\nThe school children were entertained in their various schools yesterday morning. The address of H.E. the Governor, in which he appropriately referred to the lessons of the Coronation, was read, and the medals were distributed to the children, after which they were treated to refreshments, etc.\n\n## THE DECORATIONS\n\nThe decorations were on a most extensive scale. In the harbour practically every vessel was beflagged from stem to stern, and foreign merchantmen joined with British in making a display of bunting. The Monmouth, Astræa, Flora and Tamar had a profusion of bunting, and the visiting American and Japanese gunboats contributed to the colour scheme on the water.\n\nAshore the principal decorations were on the water front, in Queen's Road, and at the various barracks. In the city the centre of attraction was Statue Square. Here various coloured standards had been erected, and from these were suspended festoons of greenery, each standard also bearing a green circle of foliage. Bannerettes also fluttered in the breeze. The buildings facing the harbour were embellished with the national colours, Japanese lanterns, etc., while practically every office showed a flag. As usual the Chinese made a brave display, and the quaint arches erected in various parts of the city were very striking indeed.\n\n## ILLUMINATIONS\n\nThe buildings on the water front and in Queen's Road were covered with lanterns which showed up very effectively. York Buildings had a beautiful frontage of red lamps, and the buildings along the Praya had their illuminations which added to the general effect. On Kowloon side the illuminated arch was very conspicuous, but the most picturesque sight was presented by the warships which were outlined with lights, the American ship _Ralston_ introducing a striking contrast with red lamps. The _Fatshan_ was hung with lamps, and smaller craft had their illuminations also. The grand scheme of illumination will not be seen until to-night.\n\nChinese fireworks were set off from the Parade Ground and in front of the Hongkong Club, and Japanese fireworks from the Public Gardens. The pyrotechnic display appealed to all sections of the community and was greatly appreciated.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 439703, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]", "page_number": 195, "title": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]", "content_text": "Inclosure\n\n4.\n\nC.O.\n\n2222\n\nExtract from the \"Hongkong Telegraph\" of 23rd December 1912.\n\nTHE BOYCOTT.\n\nYesterday's Free Rides.\n\nCORNER\n\nThere was no dearth of passengers by the cars yesterday; in both first and third class compartments free rides were granted to all and sundry. The sampan boys and the poorer members of the Indian community had the treat of their lives, for many of these gave the impression that they were indulging in a car ride for the first time.\n\nIt should be gratifying to the Tramways Company, however, to find that the free rides were appreciated in great measure by the very people for whom these were intended: those who have been terrorised out of riding by car. Yesterday these seemed to find safety in numbers and we noticed a very considerable number of adult Chinese of various grades riding to and from the market. To-day it is the same thing, and one is glad to see that those who pooh-poohed the idea of the free rides as merely giving an opportunity to children and Europeans of riding cheaply, are now proved to be mistaken.\n\nSir Kai Ho Kai on the Situation.\n\nSir Kai Ho Kai, interviewed by the \"Telegraph\" on the boycott, emphasised the anxiety of the leading Chinese of the Colony to see peace restored.\n\n\"I would like to make it quite clear,\" he said, \"that we wish to do everything in our power to back up the Government. I think my remarks at the meeting at Government House and, later, at the Chinese Commercial Union established that fact, and I hope the Press will continue to feel the same confidence in us as it has expressed in times past. \"When the Governor invited us to meet him last week, I was not in a position to speak as forcibly as on Friday, when I met the Chinese Commercial Union. On the latter occasion, as you have heard from other Chinese, I 'let myself go,' and I am hopeful that what I said will bear good fruit. I explained to those present the exact attitude of the Government, and showed that H.E.'s sole wish, in taking a firm stand, was merely to restore peace and order. I made it clear that it was no desire of his to make laws that would be in any way oppressive. I reminded them that, at one time or other, in every government or country, it was necessary to employ rigidly repressive measures where political or industrial troubles arose; that the Governor would fail in his duty to the British people if he neglected, under present circumstances, to act with unflinching decision, and that they must not think that any animosity was felt towards them as Chinese.\"\n\nLegal Tender. Following upon this, Sir Kai Ho Kai quoted the speech which H.E. had delivered to his Chinese guests, and then proceeded to touch on the alleged causes of the boycott, demonstrating how utterly hollow were the excuses that had been advanced for it. Legal tender was legal tender, and there was an end of it. An English Sovereign was a good coin, but no Englishman could demand that it should be accepted by a Hong Kong tradesman, any more than he could force a shop-keeper to take (say) the old Siamese coins or a handful of shells. Similarly, Chinese coin was good—but it was not legal tender in this Colony.\n\nHe then explained the effect which the new ordinance would have. Some might contend that the innocent would be liable to suffer for the guilty, but he had H.E.'s assurance that the very fullest enquiry should be made, in every case, and that every person who came up for examination would be afforded ample opportunity to clear himself and to show that he had taken no active part in the boycott. But those present must bear in mind that, when once the new law was enforced, the Chinese who have big interests in Hong Kong would suffer considerably; and the sooner the boycotters were made to understand this, the better. Loyal Chinese would not consent to see their business suffer, just to please a few disorderly persons, and—if for this reason alone—the leading merchants were determined to support the Government. Their homes were here, their money was invested here and they hoped to lay their bones here.\n\n191", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 441124, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 460, "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "# The alkaloid cocaine, we are informed, was discovered by Niemen in 1859. It is highly poisonous, and its physiological action induces a series of symptoms affecting the nervous, respiratory, circulatory and vaso-motor glandular systems. In recent years it has been found useful as a local anesthetic for minor operations, particularly in ophthalmic and dental surgery. It is sometimes injected, but is ordinarily eaten in India with lime or betel. The cocaine is rubbed with or without lime on the lips or gums, licked off and swallowed. Cocaine sniffing, as practised in America, has not been noticed in India. The action of cocaine is threefold. It stimulates, then depresses, and finally paralyses the nerves. A very rapid tolerance is induced, and 30 or even 60 grains may be consumed daily. The practice is often begun by morphinists and alcoholics, and instead of replacing the other vice is superadded to it. The cocainist becomes emaciated, the skin shrinks and becomes pallid, the eyes become hollow and sunken, appetite and digestion fail, and there may be constipation or diarrhoea. Sleeplessness is an early and marked feature, and insanity a common ending.\n\n## 34. \nThe result of the latest medical enquiry undertaken under our instructions into the drug habits shows the terrible havoc already wrought by cocaine in India. Although its vicious use was only brought to notice eleven years ago, it has spread with alarming rapidity in the large towns. The most disquieting symptom is that it has fastened upon the rising generation represented by young men of the student class. It is a potent factor in inciting to crime and murderous outrages. It is used in the lowest forms of sexual vice, and is said to be instrumental in spreading sexual disease. The effects of cocaine are infinitely worse than any evils noticed in the experience of medical men as due to opium in India.\n\n## 35. \nThe necessity for restrictive action in regard to cocaine in India first came to the notice of the Government of Bengal in 1900. The drug was reported to be sold in Calcutta by native tobacconists and betel sellers and in opium-smoking saloons, and to be used as a narcotic by men, women and even boys. The provincial Government declared cocaine to be an \"intoxicating drug\" for purposes of the Excise Act, and with effect from the 1st March 1902 prohibited its sale except by licensed chemists and druggists, and for bona fide medical purposes. Burma followed suit with legislation in 1904-5, but in addition to internal regulations, the import and export of cocaine into or out of Burma, except by persons duly authorised in that behalf, were prohibited under section 19 of the Sea Customs Act. Further stringency in the regulations will be introduced by the new Excise Act for Burma. Similar action has followed in Bombay, the United Provinces, Madras, Punjab, and the other provinces. The Government of India Notifications of 1906 and those issued subsequently, prohibiting import by means of the post, restricting import by other means, and giving powers of search to certain postal officials, have been superseded by the more comprehensive Notifications issued this year (1911), which will be found in `Appendix I` and `Appendix II`.\n\n## 36. \nOur difficulty in dealing with cocaine is increased by the numerous forms in which the drug is put on the market, and the production of numerous synthetic substitutes and allied drugs similar in physiological action to cocaine. Thus tropacocaine, acoine, encaine, beta eucaine, beta eucaine lactate, holocaine, alypin, nirvanine, novocain, anesthesine, stovaine, orthoform, and scopola-mine are already known in India. Many of these drugs have been brought under regulation at different times, but the list is by no means the same in every province of British India. It has been recently reported from Hong Kong that a new alkaloid called Yohimbine, made from the bark of Yohimbeke or Yumbchoa, has come into vogue in that colony on account of the severe restrictions placed on cocaine; and the arrival of the first consignment in India has just been intimated to us. The problem has been to discover a comprehensive definition which will cover all such drugs, as the prohibition of a few makes no difference to the spread of the vicious habit. The solution at which we have arrived will be found in the schedule to `Appendix I`, where the prohibition or restriction of the imports of drugs is extended to the following:\n\n| Category | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | Opium and all alkaloids of opium, and all intoxicating drugs made from the poppy. |\n| (2) | Ganja, bhang, and charas, and every intoxicating drink or substance prepared from any part of the hemp plant (`Cannabis sativa`). |\n| (3) | Coca leaves, alkaloids of coca, every other intoxicating drink or substance prepared from the coca plant (`Erythroxylum coca`), and all drugs, synthetic or other, having a like physiological effect to that of cocaine. |\n| (4) | All preparations and admixtures of any of the above. |\n\n## 37. \nThe present law governing cocaine and its congeners will be found in different provincial regulations which are set out in extenso in `Appendix VIII`. As already stated, import by post into India is altogether prohibited and import by other means is severely restricted. Inter-provincial import and transport are similarly restricted by provincial regulations. Sale wholesale may be made to licensed dealers only and any quantity above a certain limit (which is 20 grains for cocaine in Bengal) is included in the term \"wholesale.\" Licenses are given free of charge or on payment of a nominal fee to chemists or druggists. These may only sell to private persons for bona fide medicinal purposes and on the prescription of a qualified medical practitioner. In some provinces sale on the authority of a prescription is allowed only once, unless an order to repeat and the number of times to be repeated are endorsed on the prescription. In Madras the use of a prescription for over six months is prohibited. Private possession, except under a medical prescription, is generally prohibited. Qualified medical practitioners (including dentists) may possess quantities generally up to 1 ounce, and in some provinces they are allowed to sell for medicinal purposes.\n\nUnder the new Excise Bill for Burma it is proposed to follow the law in Ceylon and to prohibit the making or selling of any hypodermic syringe or other apparatus for injecting any intoxicating drug, or the possession and use of such syringe or apparatus except on the prescription of a medical practitioner. The only exemptions are in favour of a medical or veterinary practitioner and a pharmacist holding a license.\n\n## 38. \nLooking to the divergences in provincial regulations, we have recently considered the question of unifying the law about cocaine and similar drugs. There are no varying local conditions to be allowed for in the case of these drugs, while the differences are a source of weakness to the administration and may be of advantage to the smuggler. With a view to unification we addressed all the provincial Governments and Administrations, and laid down the following general principles for guidance:\n\n| Principle | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | The adoption of a comprehensive definition like that referred to above is recommended. At present the provincial lists vary and are incomplete. |\n| (2) | The small areas in British India in which the drugs have not yet been brought under regulation are to come into line. |\n| (3) | Local cultivation where it exists is to be watched, and the method of disposal of the produce is to receive particular attention. So far as is known at present, coca has not yet been grown for the production of cocaine or allied drugs in India. The new Excise Bill for Burma proposes to prohibit definitely the cultivation of the coca plant except under a special license. |\n| (4) | Further co-ordination is to be introduced between the Excise and the Customs authorities. |\n| (5) | The limits of possession should be as far as possible uniform, and the following amounts are recommended: (a) for licensed druggists 1 ounce or less according to the standing of the firm, subject to exceptions sanctioned by the Chief Revenue Authority or the Excise Commissioner; (b) for medical practitioners and dentists, 1 oz. subject to exceptions as in (a); (c) for private individuals, such quantity as they may have purchased on the prescription of a qualified medical practitioner, or where a quantity has to be fixed, 1/4 of a grain. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 441145, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 481, "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "## 4 \nto get money to buy opium. I cannot work well when I take opium. In jail, I feel better since I have had to give up the habit. I will not use opium after release. If I do use it, I will come back to jail again.\n\n\"I am 31 years of age. I inject morphia, four annas worth a day. I started morphia injecting at the age of 26. I never was in jail till after I began morphia injecting. My first crime was theft to get money for morphia. I will not use it on release. If I do use it, I will steal and come back to jail.\"\n\n\"I am 54 years of age. I started using opium at the age of 40. I eat two annas worth a day. I feel better when taking that quantity and can work well. I will use it again on release. The use of it had no relation to my crime of theft.\"\n\n\"I am 25 years of age. I started opium eating at 20. I eat two annas worth a day. It makes me feel well. The use of it had no relation to my crime of theft.\"\n\n6. The conflicting statements made by those who eat four annas worth and more at first sight are somewhat puzzling, and one might be tempted into saying that such is the idiosyncrasy of some opium eaters that they can use four annas worth per day and yet receive benefit. This, I think, would be wrong, for I noticed that those who used four annas worth or more per day and said that they received only benefit from its use were more or less recent admissions to jail and had not been in jail long enough to have their strength built up, and the opium habit properly broken off, and they still have the craving for opium in them. The conclusion I have, therefore, come to is that while the use of opium to the extent of two annas worth a day may not be injurious, any amount over that is injurious both physically and morally and leads inevitably, in poor men, to a career of crime.\n\n7. So far, I have dealt principally with the relation of opium eating to crime. As regards the physical effects, no one who has visited a jail can have any doubts as to the havoc it plays with a man's constitution. On admission to jail, every opium eater has to be sent to hospital, and he generally has to stay there at least a month. His physical condition is wretched. He has a poor appetite; he suffers from constipation or diarrhea or a peculiar colitis. He is a thin, wasted, miserable creature with sunken cheeks, hollow temples, projecting ribs, a flat abdomen, and spindle legs. He is filthy in his habits. His clothes are dirty, his body unwashed, his hair unkempt. As likely as not, he gives a positive reaction to Calmette's tuberculin test. He is quite unfit for work. His constant cry is for more opium. He can be broken from the habit in two months or less, and in six months, he is another being; he has gained weight, his body has a reasonable covering of fat, his bowels are regular, he takes his food well, and he is fit for work.\n\n**Cocaine Drug Habit**\nOut of a total admission of 2,217 prisoners during 1910, I found that very few, not more than 20, admitted using cocaine. The results of my enquiries about cocaine are, therefore, based on the statements of this comparatively small number, together with the collateral evidence obtained from opium eaters, many of whom are well acquainted with cocaine.\n\n**Mode of Use**\nThe most popular mode of use is simply to eat cocaine hydrochloride powder; others inject a solution of the powder.\n\n**Facial Incidence**\nThe habit seems to have caught hold of the Burmans more than the Chinamen, and the Chinamen more than the natives of India.\n\n**Age**\nThe age at which Burmans start to use cocaine is very young. From 13 to 17 seems to be the favourite age. This is a great contrast to opium, the eaters of which, except Chinamen, generally contract the habit after adolescence is reached.\n\n**Quantity Used**\nHere, also, cocaine affords a striking contrast to opium. While opium eaters have a fixed quantity which they consume per diem, the cocaine eater has no fixed quantity but eats as much as he can afford. Once he has contracted the habit, he spends all he can on the drug.\n\n**Districts Where Cocaine is Used**\nWhile I found that opium seems to be known and used in small jungle villages, it was very noticeable that the use of cocaine is at present restricted to the larger villages and towns.\n\n**Is Cocaine Habit on the Increase?**\nThe unanimous opinion of cocaine users is that the use of cocaine is very much on the increase in towns and the larger villages. It has not yet ousted opium from public favour because the opium habit, being older, has more victims of middle age, but among boys of under 20 years of age, in towns, cocaine seems to be more popular than opium. One pick-pocket of 15 years of age volunteered the statement that in the district of the town where he resides, there are eight boys of age similar to him; they all use cocaine. Opium traders, now in jail, who reside in towns say that they sell twice as much cocaine as opium, and that they sell opium generally to men who have reached maturity, but young lads are the chief purchasers of cocaine.\n\n**Effect of Cocaine**\nHabitues seem to use it for two purposes:\n1. For its local effect in producing numbness of the lips and mouth, a condition which is said to render a subsequent smoke much more enjoyable.\n2. Its general effect in producing intoxication.\n\nMany opium eaters also use cocaine.\n\n1. The physical effects of using cocaine do not seem to be so pronounced as is the case with the use of opium. Cocaine eaters seem, as a general rule, to be in fair health, but this may be attributed to the fact that, as a general rule, they are much younger men and have not practised the habit for such lengthened periods as are found among opium eaters.\n\n2. The impression I gained from my enquiry is that the cocaine habit is very much on the increase. At present, in large towns, the younger generation are more addicted to cocaine than to opium. The use of it has not yet penetrated much into country districts. People start the habit at an earlier age than opium eating, and they spend more on it. I have no doubt that its effect on crime will soon be as marked as that of opium.\n\n3. Put briefly, the results of my enquiries are as follows:\n| SN | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | The use of opium is at present more general both in town and country than the use of cocaine. |\n| (2) | Opium eaters are generally older than the devotees of cocaine. |\n| (3) | Opium eaters use a certain fixed quantity per diem; cocaine eaters spend all they have on the drug. |\n| (4) | Cocaine is rapidly on the increase among boys and in the more populous districts. |\n| (5) | The effects of opium on the constitution seem to be worse than the effects of cocaine. |\n\nThis statement, however, needs modification:\n| SN | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) | because I have examined fewer cocaine eaters; |\n| (b) | because the cocaine eaters are much younger than the opium eaters; |\n| (c) | the devotees of cocaine have not practised the habit for such a long time as the devotees of opium. |\n\n**No. 919, dated May 1911**\n\nFrom—**Dr. LAWRENCE GEORGE FINE, M.B., C.M., Superintendent, Central Jail, and Civil Surgeon, Myaungmya**\n\nTo—**The Inspector General of Civil Hospitals, Burma**\n\nWith reference to your Medical Department letter `No. 0-5089-Confidential`, dated 12th instant, I have the honour to say that my experience of opium eaters, almost entirely Burmans, has been derived from admissions to jail. I append a statement showing the number admitted during the past 3 years in the Myaungmya Central Jail.\n\nIt will be seen that there were only 19 registered opium consumers out of a total of 626 prisoners who admitted that they had been addicted to opium prior to conviction. The quantity consumed is shown in separate columns from anna 1 to anything over annas 8 per diem. I am aware that the statements made by opium eaters are usually unreliable, so the figures given in these columns cannot be accepted as absolutely correct, but as there was nothing to be gained after conviction by any false statement, the amount paid for the daily quantity of opium consumed by each man was probably approximately correct. It has, however, to be borne in mind that the price paid by an unregistered person would be much more than that paid for the same quantity got from a Government opium shop by a registered consumer. I am informed that the former pay on an average at least 4 times what would be paid by the latter. One tola of Government opium, roughly equivalent to 180 grains, costs one rupee when bought from the Government opium shop; so that a registered man who consumed annas 4 worth per day would use 45 grains per day. A non-registered consumer could not get this quantity (45 grains) for probably less than Re 1. I am informed by the Superintendent of Excise that there is probably not a single Burman in this district who consumes more than annas 4 worth (i.e., 45 grains) per diem. The average daily consumption of Burmans, Chinese, and Indians is given on the attached statement furnished by the Superintendent of Excise here.\n\n2. It will thus be seen that the conclusions based on the Jail figures alone would be fallacious as the price paid by an unregistered person would vary. From the Excise Department figures, the average daily consumption of opium amongst Burmans in this district is not very high but quite enough to cause physical deterioration.\n\n3. About 75 per cent of the opium-consuming prisoners state that they first took the drug for the relief of pain or as a sedative. No doubt, some of these persons have not spoken the truth, but I am inclined to believe that many have made a correct statement. The principal diseases for which the drug has been taken are as follows:\n| SN | Disease |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | Intestinal troubles, e.g., Colitis, dysentery, diarrhea. |\n| (2) | Malarial fevers, both as a prophylactic and to relieve the muscular pains after an attack or the pains of malarial neuritis. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 446821, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-408 - Public Offices & Others - 1913", "page_number": 356, "title": "CO129-408 - Public Offices & Others - 1913", "content_text": "334\n\nh. MARTIN CLARK On MALARIA.\n\n...\n\nthe Canal of St. Martin was excavated. ▲ most fatal fever devastated Hong Kong when the hill behind the city was broken up for building purposes. Labuan was ravaged by malaria when the harbour works were constructed, and, in my own experience, the laying out of some sixty miles of new railway, which entailed a good deal of earth-work, was accompanied by severe malarial fevers. Subsoil water is a potent factor in malaria-production.\n\nDeadly malaria may be present where the surface is composed solely of rock and there is no subsoil water. The most famous case on record is the hill behind the city in Hong Kong. The rock is pure granite, but Dr. Maclean states that it is disintegrated and loaded with fungi, while another observer, Dr. Black, states that it is \"so porous that it is something like a mineral bog.\" In the absence of rain and subsoil water, moisture must, I should think, be supplied by heavy dew. But in all instances of malarial disease occurring in places where they cannot, apparently, be locally produced, we must not forget the possibility of infection from a distance.\n\nMalaria appears to be heavier than air, and, given winds powerful enough to propel it but not strong enough to dispel it, there is no valid reason why it should not be carried considerable distances. The density of malaria is also noteworthy in another way. In comparatively flat countries, bordered by hills, any little valley or hollow is a most dangerous place between sunset and a short time after sunrise. This fact concerning the weight of malaria has its practical application in the...\n\n...\n\n27\n\nnotes\n\nA", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-408 - Public Offices & Others - 1913.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 447701, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-410 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [3-5]", "page_number": 244, "title": "CO129-410 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [3-5]", "content_text": "237\n\nand this has been approved by the Sanitary Board and is already in progress.\n\nThe rats within the City of Victoria live mostly in underground burrows from which they find their way into dwellings through the brick walls and through the covering of the ground surfaces. A thorough investigation of the storm drains and sewers of the City has shown that very few rats breed in these localities, as the former are well built of granite, pointed in cement, while the latter are of properly jointed glazed earthenware pipes.\n\nBoth climate and soil however favour the rat in its struggle for existence and for a footing within the dwellings of man, for although the sanitary law of the Colony requires all the ground surfaces within and around dwellings to be covered with lime concrete or with granite paving jointed in cement, yet experience shows that this lime concrete perishes after a time and becomes so soft that rats can readily penetrate it, and that granite paving becomes displaced by the washing out of the soil beneath it by heavy rainstorms. Much of the brickwork also becomes soft enough for rats to work their way through, so it is a common experience to find rat-runs opening into a considerable proportion of the native dwellings. These are filled up with cement and broken glass but fresh holes are found very often at the next visit.\n\nIn the annual report for 1912 I stated that a large number of the older buildings in the City possess hollow walls, which serve as excellent nesting places for rats, and that \"there is no remedy for such faulty construction short of demolition of the premises which is too heroic a measure to be practicable on any extended scale.\" All drain inlets and ventilating openings are guarded by iron gratings to exclude rats,\n\n(4)", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-410 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [3-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 448793, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-413 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [8-10]", "page_number": 42, "title": "CO129-413 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [8-10]", "content_text": "41\n\non this subject and said that I proposed to act on the advice of the Sanitary Board who had adopted Dr. Clark's report.\n\n4.\n\nWith regard to paragraph 5 every effort is being made to keep rats out of dwellings, but the filling up of hollow walls is regarded as impracticable. In this connection hollow walls mean walls which have interstices in the brickwork caused by imperfect building. An illustration of this kind of wall is shown facing page 396 of the Transactions of the Hong Kong Medical Congress 1912. In the older parts of the City many walls are built in this objectionable way. But it is not known which walls are so built. To ascertain where they exist would entail much laborious labour and work which would endanger weak walls. When found it is probable that no other method than that of complete re-construction would be possible to remedy the defect.\n\nSteps are taken to remedy other imperfections in buildings which facilitate the entry of rats, and every effort is made to prevent overcrowding and to keep dwellings free from accumulations of rubbish. It is not considered that an increase of staff is required for these purposes.\n\n5.\n\nWith regard to paragraph 6, I have already recommended, and you have sanctioned, an increase in the Sanitary Staff in order to shorten the intervals between the general cleansing of Chinese tenement houses. Fumigation of Chinese tenement houses was at one time practised extensively in this Colony. It was abandoned because it was considered that it was not possible to render an ordinary Chinese dwelling sufficiently air tight to render the fumigation effective. But if particulars are available concerning fumigation by the Clayton apparatus as applied to dwellings, and especially from plague infected countries which have had experience of its working when so applied, I should be glad to be furnished with full information on the subject.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-413 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [8-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 459445, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-430 - Others & Individuals - 1915", "page_number": 304, "title": "CO129-430 - Others & Individuals - 1915", "content_text": "File: 6J1/227. 636318\n\n286\n\n130, London Wall London, E.C. July 27 = 1914\n\nMessrs Bradley \"C\"\n\nKong\n\nto De Grelle Houdret & Co\n\nSOLE AGENTS TO THE\n\n87\n\nSociété Anonyme des Cristalleries du Val S. Lambert.\n\n260\n\nC\n\n12/4/13\n\n260\n\nManufacturers of all kinds of Flint & Table Glass. Moulded. Cut. Plain Engraved & Etched.\n\nWORKS AT VAL ST LAMBERT, HERBATTE, JAMBES AND JEMEPPE, BELGIUM.\n\n96/57548\n\nHong Kong\n\n2576.\n\n9 Cases Glassware flate /Crystal\n\n2576 · 22530 Jumb/226/28/1/2pt.\n\nand hollow\n\nfein 19617\n\n10\n\n13\n\n6.\n\n9.\n\n3 w\n\nper Sigmaringen :\n\nS. S", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-430 - Others & Individuals - 1915.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 466744, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-440 - Others & Individuals - 1916", "page_number": 326, "title": "CO129-440 - Others & Individuals - 1916", "content_text": "325\n\nExtract of letter from Messrs. W. MANSFIELD & Co., LTD., SINGAPORE.\n\nDated 6th January, 1916.\n\nOPIUM. It has come to our knowledge that the smugglers at home operate from Swansea occasionally when opportunity offers. No doubt you are aware of the fact and are taking such steps as are possible to checkmate them.\n\nExtract of letter from Messrs. BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE, HONG KONG,\n\nDated 12th January, 1916,\n\n\"MENTOR\" OPIUM SMUGGLING. - The 1,000 lbs. mentioned in our letter of 28th October forms part of a total of 3,400 lbs., which was, we are informed, the total quantity seized. Our remarks were written after discussing the occurrence with the Master, and we certainly understood the 1,100 lbs. to have been discovered in the 'tween deck. The larger amount - over 2,000 lbs. - was found subsequently. We are making enquiries and will write further next mail.\n\nExtract from letter sent by Messrs. BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE, HONG KONG.\n\nDated 19th January, 1916.\n\n**MENTOR - OPIUM SMUGGLING.** We are informed by the Officer who made the seizures that 1,100 lbs. were discovered in the firemen's forecastle on the night of the 26th/27th October, and the larger quantity of about 2,400 lbs. in No. 6 lower hold on 27th October. The position described by the Master is therefore that in which the second seizure was made. The first seizure was made when the steamer was at anchor in the harbour waiting to go alongside Holt's Wharf and before discharge was commenced.\n\nExtract of letter from Messrs. W. MANSFIELD & Co., LTD., PENANG.\n\nDated 22nd January, 1916.\n\n\"PROTESILAUS.\" On the arrival of this vessel at 4.30 p.m. on 18th inst. Captain Braithwaite reported that the following opium had been found by the Chief Steward, the total weight being 10 lbs.\n\nEight packets underneath the washstand in Captain's bathroom.\n\nTwo packets in the hollow space beneath the bottom drawer of the chest of drawers in the 2nd Engineer's room.\n\nThe Officers' boy and the Engineers' boy were both given into custody, the latter admitting his guilt on arrest. They were prosecuted next morning at the instance of the Government Monopolies Department, when the Captain's boy also pleaded guilty. They received sentence of four months' rigorous imprisonment or a fine of $500 each. The fine was not paid.\n\nExtract of letter from Messrs. W. MANSFIELD & Co., LTD., SINGAPORE.\n\nDated 4th February, 1918. OPIUM - We thank you for copy of your confidential letter to Shanghai with copies of enclosed correspondence.\n\nDuplicate statement of seizures on companies' steamers during 1915 is enclosed. The Carpenter of S.S. \"Eumæus\" found about 2 lbs. concealed in ventilator on the outward voyage. On arrival here a small tin and a small bladder were found in a fireman's bunk by Revenue Officers - the fireman was fined $100, which was paid.\n\n2", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-440 - Others & Individuals - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 466803, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-440 - Others & Individuals - 1916", "page_number": 385, "title": "CO129-440 - Others & Individuals - 1916", "content_text": "HOLLOW-WARE AND FOUNDRY DEPARTMENT.\n\nUNDER GOVERNMENT CONTROL.\n\nCANNON IRON FOUNDRIES LTD.\n\n384 Deepfields Nr.Bilston, Staffs.Eng., 31st August, 1916.\n\nMessrs. Langstaff, Ehrenberg and Pollak, Leadenhall Buildings, LONDON, E.C.\n\nDear Sirs,\n\nSIEMSSEN & CO. HAMBURG. 2 CASES per S.S. \"KAGAMARU\"\n\nD 197 S & Co HONG KONG\n\nWe have for acknowledgement your favour of the 30th enclosing for our perusal the letter from the Nippon Yusen Kaisha, which we herewith return.\n\nFor your guidance we enclose copy in duplicate of our invoice which was duly posted to Messrs. Siemssen before the outbreak of hostilities. When however you declined to furnish us with the Bs/1 we treated the transaction as closed, and wrote off the amount in our books as a bad debt.\n\nWhen preferential claims, including the accumulated charges for warehousing etc., have been disposed of we are not sanguine enough to expect that much, if anything, will fall to our share, and we are not disposed to trouble any further in the matter.\n\nYours truly,\n\nFor CANNON IRON FOUNDRIES LTD.\n\n(Sgd.) W. HAWKINS.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-440 - Others & Individuals - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 468671, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]", "page_number": 434, "title": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]", "content_text": "18\n\n--\n\n(n) Spirits of a strength of not less than 43 degrees above proof;\n\n(c) Spirits, potable, of a strength of less than 48 degrees above proof;\n\n(c) Sponges, raw and prepared;\n\n(B) Starch, articles containing starch, and mixtures and preparations of starch;\n\n(B) Steel containing tungsten or molybdenum, and any tools or other articles made from such steel;\n\n(B) Steel and steel articles containing chrome, cobalt, nickel, or vanadium;\n\n(B) Steel angles, channels, joists, tees and other steel sectional material;\n\n(B) Steel bars, including flats, rounds, and other sections and shapes;\n\n(B) Steel billets, blooms and slabs;\n\n(B) Steel bridgework, pierwork, and structural material;\n\n(B) Steel flyers;\n\n(B) Steel hawsers;\n\n(B) Steel hoops;\n\n(B) Steel ingots;\n\n(B) Steel plates and sheets;\n\n(B) Steel rivets, bifurcated;\n\n(B) Steel scrap;\n\n(B) Steel sheet bars;\n\n(B) Steel stampings, suitable for aircraft;\n\n(B) Steel textile pins of all kinds, including card pins, comb pins, faller pins, gill pins, and hackle pins;\n\n(B) Steel travellers;\n\n(B) Steel tubes;\n\n(B) Steel wire rope;\n\n(c) Sticks, unmounted;\n\n(B) Straw-board waste;\n\n(B) Submarine sound-signalling apparatus;\n\n(B) Superphosphates;\n\n(B) Surgical bandages and dressings (except cotton wadding and cotton wool);\n\n(B) Surgical instruments;\n\n(u) Swords and their component parts;\n\n(B) Syringes, hypodermic;\n\n(c) Tale, all forms, including French chalk;\n\n(B) Tallow;\n\n(B) Tanning extracts and substances for use in tanning;\n\n(B) Tantalum, alloys of tantalum and ores containing tantalum;\n\n(B) Tar, coal;\n\n(B) Tar, vegetable;\n\n(B) Tar, wood;\n\n(B) Tarpaulins;\n\n(B) Telegraphs (including wireless) and telephones, and instruments and material for;\n\n(B) Telescopes;\n\n(B) Tents and their component parts;\n\n(B) Terneplates and receptacles made from terneplates;\n\n(B) Theodolites;\n\n(B) Thermometers;\n\n(B) Thorium and its alloys;\n\n(B) Tin, and alloys of tin not otherwise specifically prohibited;\n\n(c) Tin, manufactures of (except hollow-ware, tin plates, and receptacles made from tin plates);\n\n(B) Tin ore;\n\n(B) Tin plates and receptacles made from tin plates;\n\n(c) Tissues manufactured wholly or partly of wool or hair (except khaki woollen or worsted cloth);\n\n19\n\n(B) Titanium, alloys of titanium and titanium ores;\n\n(c) Tobacco;\n\nTools, small, the following:\n\nBoring cutters;\n\nChucks;\n\nFiles, other than shoemakers' seat files;\n\nHacksaws;\n\nLathe tools;\n\nMeasuring tools;\n\nMilling cutters;\n\nReamers;\n\nScrewing tackle;\n\nSlitting saws;\n\nThread milling hobs;\n\nTwist drills;\n\n(B) Torpedoes and their component parts;\n\n(B) Torpedo nets;\n\n(B) Torpedo tubes;\n\n(B) Tungsten (except tungsten filaments for electric lamps);\n\n(B) Tungsten filaments for electric lamps;\n\n(B) Tungsten ores (including ferberite, hübnerite, scheelite, and wolframite);\n\n(B) Turnbuckles suitable for aeroplanes;\n\n(B) Turpentine (oil and spirit), and articles containing turpentine;\n\n(B) Turpentine substitute, and articles containing turpentine substitute;\n\n(B) Tyres for motor vehicles and for cycles (whether attached to a vehicle or cycle or not), together with articles and materials especially adapted for use in the manufacture or repair of tyres;\n\n(B) Umbrella ribs, tubes, and tube frames;\n\n(B) Uniform clothing (except second-hand naval and military uniform clothing);\n\n(B) Uniform clothing, second-hand naval and military;\n\n(B) Uranium, alloys of uranium, and uranium ores;\n\n(c) Valves, gas, steam and water;\n\n(B) Vanadium;\n\n(B) Varnishes containing shellac, oil, turpentine or turpentine substitute;\n\n(c) Varnishes not otherwise prohibited;\n\n(B) Vessels;\n\n(B) Vices;\n\n(B) Vinegar containing not more than 6 per cent. of acetic acid;\n\n(B) Vinegar essence and similar preparations containing more than 6 per cent. of acetic acid;\n\n(B) Waggons, four-wheeled, capable of carrying one ton or over, and their component parts;\n\n(B) Waggon covers;\n\n(c) Water bottles suitable for military use;\n\n(c) Wax, carnauba;\n\n(B) Waxes, animal, mineral, vegetable, and composite waxes, not otherwise prohibited;\n\n(B) Web equipment;\n\n(B) Whalebone;\n\n(B) Whale fins;\n\nWhalebone meal\n\n(c) Wine;\n\n(B) Wire, barbed, and galvanised wire, and implements for cutting or fixing such wire;\n\n(B) Wire, card;\n\nWire, heald;\n\n(B) Wire, iron;\n\n(B) Wire, reed;\n\n423", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 485081, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920", "page_number": 23, "title": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920", "content_text": "03\n\nPHON\n\n3 JARLY\n\nbat\n\nda bo İNİ TAN . ni ser utież #ghofstad S „16quot nila at bugye (1920\n\nwi ni\n\n21\n\nof the Netherland East Indies is evidently occupying his attention and to obtain expert views of the probable developments in Naval warfare he had recently read Lord Fisher's reminiscences and Lord Jellicoe's report from Australia. The combined effect I understood was not very helpful towards forming an opinion. It appeared to him rather unlikely that the Governor-General could already be in possession of an official copy of Lord Jellicoe's Report, but this I was assured is the case.\n\n6.- Even during my short stay in Java it was impossible not to become aware of the very real fear of Bolshevism that exists in Dutch official circles. Whether it is to be introduced by the Chinese, or Russian immigrants, or is to be a development of the several secret societies that have flourished in Java for some time and whose ostensible object is the betterment of the class they represent, I do not know. The Governor-General accompanied by Vice-Admiral Bron visited the \"HAWKINS\" on January 13th, and on the same afternoon the ship sailed for Sourabaya, arriving there the following day.\n\n7.- The commercial importance of the port is steadily increasing and a Commercial Harbour which will greatly add to the facilities of the port is in process of construction. Dredging operations in the Entrance Channel are also in progress, the intention being to provide a depth of 40 feet. There appeared to be little Naval activity at Sourabaya and the Dockyard, as I saw it, in the forenoon, seemed a veritable sleepy hollow. The Commodore was away on a cruise in the \"TROMP\" and the Base was in charge of the Commander of the Berraoka.\n\nI was told that several new submarines are expected from Holland this year.\n\n5.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 488646, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-469 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [9-12]", "page_number": 387, "title": "CO129-469 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [9-12]", "content_text": "# HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n## Abstract showing the differences between the approved estimates of expenditure for 1921 and the estimates of expenditure for 1922.\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY replied— In view of the contemplated road extension in the vicinity of the site in question, the Government, whilst not unfavourable to the proposal, considers it desirable to postpone any ultimate decision with respect to it until the extension is completed. Financial Statements in connection with the Estimates for 1922.\n\nReport of the Commission appointed to enquire into the conditions of the industrial employment of children in Hong-kong, and the desirability and feasibility of legislation for the regulation of such employment.\n\n## Return showing the number of boys under the age of 18 who have been admitted to prison for each quarter since the 1st January, 1920, viz. :-\n\n| QUARTER ENDING | NUMBER OF BOYS |\n| --- | --- |\n| 31st March, 1920 | 95 |\n| 30th June, 1920 | 116 |\n| 30th Sept., 1920 | 129 |\n| 31st Dec., 1920 | 108 |\n| 31st March, 1921 | 42 |\n| 30th June, 1921 | 67 |\n| 30th Sept., 1921 | 62 |\n\n## Finance\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY, by command of H.E. the Governor, laid on the table Financial Minutes Nos. 84 to 113, and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee.\n\nTHE COLONIAL TREASURER seconded and the motion was agreed to.\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY, by command of H.E. the Governor, laid on the table the Report of Finance Committee No. 11 and moved that it be adopted.\n\nTHE COLONIAL TREASURER seconded and the motion was agreed to.\n\n## Children's Playground at the Peak\n\nHON. MR. W. H. BIRD, in accordance with notice previously given, asked the following question:- \n\nIn view of the fact that the new motor road has destroyed the principal Children's playground at the Peak, will the Government lay out a new Garden for their use in the hollow leading off the Chamberlain Road below Plunkett Gap?\n\n## Child Labour and Boys in Prison\n\nHON. MR. H. E. POLLOCK, K.C., in accordance with notice previously given asked the following questions:- \n\n1. When will the Report of the Committee on Child Labour be published?\n2. Will the Government lay upon the table of the Legislative Council a return, showing the number of boys, under the age of 18, who have been sent to prison, for each quarter since the 1st January, 1920?\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY replied- \n1. The report has been laid before Council to-day.\n2. The return has been laid on the table.\n\n## Light Dues\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY proposed the following resolution:- \n\"It is hereby resolved by this Council that light dues shall continue to be collected at the rates laid down in Table P of the Schedule to the Merchant Shipping Ordinance, No. 10 of 1899.\"*\n\nHe said: Hon. members will remember that when they agreed to a continuation of the light dues on the same scale as they have been levied for some years the Government gave a pledge that they would be only for the current year, and such dues would not thereafter be collected on the same scale except by a resolution of the Council.\n\nTHE COLONIAL TREASURER seconded the resolution.\n\nThe motion was agreed to.\n\n## The Liquor Duties\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY proposed the following resolution:- \nIt is hereby resolved that the resolution made by this Council under the provisions of section 41 (1) of the Liquors Consolidation Ordinance, 1911, on the 7th day of April, 1921, published in the Gazette on the 7th day of April, 1921, as Government Notification No. 139 as amended by the resolution made by this Council on the 23rd day of June, 1921, published in the Gazette on the 24th day of June, 1921, as Government Notification No. 279 be further amended as follows namely:- \n\" \n1. By cancelling the words \"brandy and\" in line 4 thereof and by adding the word \"brandy\" between the words “all” and “whisky\" in line 5 thereof.\n2. By cancelling the clause thereof marked (3) and substituting therefor the following clause:- \n(3) On all intoxicating liquors other than spirits of wine, arrack, and native wines and spirits, heretofore or hereafter imported into, distilled, made, or prepared in the Colony above the strength of 18deg. under proof there shall be paid an additional duty of 7 cents per gallon for every degree above such strength.\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY said- Representations have been made by the French Government through the French Ambassador in London with regard to the duty levied on brandy in Hongkong. It has been represented that it is high compared with the duty levied on other spirits and this operates unfavourably towards a product of France. After careful consideration it appeared to the Government that there is no justification for levying a higher duty on brandy than on other spirits, and this resolution will have the effect of reducing the amount of the duty payable on brandy to the same amount as is payable on whisky, gin, rum and other spirituous liquors.\n\n+ NOTE:-The effect of the above resolution is to reduce the existing duty on brandy to the same amount as that now payable on Whisky, Gin, Rum and other spirituous liquors. The other duties payable on liquors remain the same.\n\nTHE COLONIAL TREASURER seconded.\n\nThe resolution was agreed to.\n\n## The Budget\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY moved the first reading of a bill intituled, An Ordinance to apply a sum not exceeding sixteen million four hundred and fifty thousand one hundred and thirty-one dollars to the public service of the year 1922.\n\n## Governor Cadet Service Colonial Expenditure\n\n| Department | Expenditure |\n| --- | --- |\n| Secretary's Department and Legislature | 91,084 |\n| Colonial Secretary's Secretariat for Chinese Affairs | 293,171 |\n| Audit Department | 60,778 |\n| Treasury | 711,778 |\n| Treasury, Special Expenditure | 34,141 |\n| Harbour Masters Department | 1,050 |\n| Harbour Master's Department, Special Expenditure | 517,446 |\n| Imports and Exports Department | 291,673 |\n| Royal Observatory | 1,456,785 |\n| Royal Observatory, Special Expenditure | 84,575 |\n| Miscellaneous Services | 115,627 |\n| Judicial and Legal Department | 57,000 |\n| Police | 315,659 |\n| Police, Special Expenditure | 30,900 |\n| Fire Brigade | 399,324 |\n| Fire Brigade, Special Expenditure | 12,550 |\n| Prison | 578,040 |\n| Prison, Special Expenditure | 61,530 |\n| Medical Department | 73,967 |\n| Medical Department, Special Expenditure | ... |\n| Sanitary Department | 731,361 |\n| Sanitary Department, Special Expenditure | 122,005 |\n| Botanical and Forestry Department | ... |\n| Education | ... |\n| Education, Special Expenditure | ... |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-469 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 491360, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-473 - Individuals - 1921", "page_number": 353, "title": "CO129-473 - Individuals - 1921", "content_text": "HOLSTEIN HEIFERS \n\n IN PADDOCK \n\n LJ \n\nsire was Sir Mechthilde Jewel.\" While having a long list of first honours in the principal shows in America, he also had the honour of being brother to the world-famous cow \"Colanthea 4th's Johanna,\" which, as far as milk records are known, was by far the highest producer at that time in any part of the world. This cow was much talked about. Every agricultural paper in existence reproduced her photograph and gave her yield to be over 27,000-lbs. of nearly 4% butter fat in one year. The Company have received many other bulls from America, besides several shipments direct from Holland selected by the well-known breeders and judges, Messrs. N. K. Kuperus & Sons. Females have been largely imported and probably one of the best is No. 92114 \"Helena Pietertje Netherland,\" bred by W. H. Davis, Washington Hollow, N.Y. This cow was imported into Japan, where she was champion of her breed, and was purchased from there at a long figure. \"Helena was a very fine cow but did not live long in Hong Kong, where rinderpest claimed her. But ten days before she died she gave birth to a fine bull-calf \"Monarch,\" by \"Sir Ida Lotta Pontiac,\" whose dam had a record of 105-lbs. 4% butter fat milk in one day. Monarch is probably one of the best bulls the Company ever owned. Amongst the stud cattle three other bulls were sired by \"Sir Ida Lotta Pontiac.\" \n\n The Company owned and have many descendants from the following well-known cows whose names point to relationship with the most fashionable Holstein families in America: \n\n ELLEN PIETERTJE OF EDGETOWN\n\nCLOTHILDE FRENISTA DE KOL\n\nCLOTHILDE FRENISTA DE KOL 2nd\n\nBUCKEYE RAMONA MAID\n\nBEAUTY PIETERTJE PAULINE BURK\n\nHELENE PIETERTJE NETHERLAND\n\nIDA LOTTA PIETERTJE DE KOL\n\nJOHANNA ETHEL MECHTHILDE Plebe\n\nJOHANNA REgis Wayne \n\nIt would be tedious and uninteresting to enumerate in these pages more animals. Enough has been said to show that the Company possesses the most fashionable strains of Holstein blood. Milk from Holstein cattle has been proclaimed by scientists to be the most easily digested, owing to the fat globules in the milk being of a smaller size than in the case of any other breed of cattle. In many towns it is specially advertised as being most suitable for children. Well-bred Holsteins the world over have been commanding very high figures for some years past. Not long ago a five months' old bull calf at a public sale in America fetched the remarkable price of over £10,600 sterling. \n\n AYRSHIRES AND HOLSTEINS \n\n 64 \n\n 65 \n\n 349", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-473 - Individuals - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 494258, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "page_number": 650, "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "content_text": "circumtances of such locality.\n\nThe\n\n644\n\ndrastic method of complete prohibition except for medicinal purposes and under medical proscription has been adopted in many British Colonies and is the ultimate goal in the round. In Ceylon a system of registration of opium addicts with rationing of supplies is in force, the number of consumers has been reduced from 24,000 in 1910 to 13,000 in 1920 and the allowances diminished and as the present generation of smokers dies out, complete suppression will follow automatically. A similar system is in force in Weihaiwei where permits are issued only to confirmed smokers by a Government medical officer, and no fresh permits are being granted.\n\nMauritius has recently passed from a system of registration to one of suppression. Zanzibar, also, where the practice of opium smoking obtains among the Persian and Indian residents is rapidly reducing its consumption under the registration system.\n\nBut in localities where there is a large Chinese population and the opium habit is widespread any policy of immediate suppression could not be enforced owing to the ease with which opium can be smuggled, for example, in the coal bunkers of incoming steamers, packed among ordinary merchandise, concealed in the hollow stems of bamboo, or...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 494477, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]", "page_number": 22, "title": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]", "content_text": "CONTROL OF DISTRIBUTION.\n\nMethods for regulating the distribution of opium must vary with the circumstances of each locality. The drastic method of complete prohibition except for medical purposes and under medical prescription has been adopted in many British Colonies and is the ultimate goal in the remainder. In Ceylon where the consumers of opium are said to be mostly Indians and not Cingalese a system of registration of opium addicts is in force with rationing of supplies to these as well as to practitioners of native medicine. The number of consumers in the Island has been reduced from 24,000 in 1910 to 12,000 in 1920, and the allowances diminished, and as the present generation of smokers dies out, complete suppression will follow automatically. A similar system is in force in Weihaiwei where permits are issued only to confirmed smokers by a Government medical officer, and no fresh permits are being granted. British responsibility for Weihaiwei will, however, cease as soon as the administration is resumed by the Chinese Government in accordance with the recent agreement arising out of the Washington Conference.\n\nMauritius has recently passed from a system of registration to one of suppression. Zanzibar, also, where the practice of opium eating obtains among some of the Persian and Indian residents, is rapidly reducing its consumption under the registration system.\n\nBut in localities where there is a large Chinese population and the opium habit is widespread any policy of immediate suppression could not be enforced owing to the ease with which opium can be smuggled, for example, in the coal bunkers of incoming steamers, packed among ordinary merchandise, concealed in the hollow stems of bamboo, on the persons of travellers, in birdcages, even in the inside of stuffed animals.\n\nIn such Colonies attempts to register consumers and limit supplies to these would be to a great extent ineffective owing to the illicit supplies of opium obtainable; the registration system would also be cumbrous and difficult to enforce in localities where a large proportion of the opium consuming population is migratory, as is the case in the Malay Peninsula, British North Borneo, and Hongkong.\n\nFor these countries the policy adopted is that of direct Government control of the import, manufacture, and distribution of opium with a view to ultimate suppression when conditions permit. Thus, for example, in Hongkong the price of Government monopoly opium has been successively raised from $6 a tael in 1914 to $14.50 a tael in 1918 at which it at present stands, a price which puts excessive indulgence out of the reach of the majority of consumers; the sale of dross opium (a smoking preparation in which opium dross is an ingredient) which is more deleterious in its effects on smokers has been discontinued; all public divans for the consumption of opium have been closed, in order to reduce the incentives to smoking; sale is only permitted to adult Chinese males and possession is limited to a maximum of taels: and Government prepared opium is so packed as to render it unsuitable for transmission and therefore less liable to removal from the Colony.\n\nSince the passing of the 1914 Opium Ordinance, Hongkong has ceased to be a market for the distribution of opium. Apart from smuggled opium, the only opium which now comes to the Colony is that required for the use of the Government factory, and supplies consigned on through bills of lading to the Japanese authorities in Japan and Formosa and the Portuguese authorities in Macao. Export of prepared opium is not allowed to any destination whatever.\n\nIn Malaya and British North Borneo, there is also strict control of import and export and the elimination of the private trader; and the measures taken for the regulation of distribution and consumption are, generally speaking, similar to those adopted in Hongkong, though the details vary with local conditions. Thus in Malaya the system of registered public smoking-houses open to police inspection and control has been retained although the numbers of such houses have been greatly reduced.\n\nThe price of prepared opium in Malaya has been increased from $3 a tael in 1910 to $12 in 1920. Opium dross is purchased and destroyed so as to prevent the preparation of the more harmful dross opium, a policy which has had to be modified in Hongkong owing to the large supplies of dross from illicit opium which was being mixed with the dross of Government opium and sold to Government, thereby providing a subsidy to the illicit traffic.\n\nDIFFICULTIES OF EFFECTIVE REGULATION.\n\nHongkong, to which I again refer as it is the Colony of which I have most knowledge, affords a good illustration of the difficulties of effective regulation of distribution and consumption, difficulties which would appear to render complete suppression an impossibility under existing conditions.\n\nFor while the cost of monopoly opium is kept high and opium is obtainable in the neighbouring provinces of China at less than one-third of the Hongkong price it is obvious that there is much profit in the smuggling into and sale of illicit opium in the Colony, which at present is being flooded with Chinese-grown opium in spite of the large preventive force maintained to keep down smuggling, and of the heavy penalties of fines, imprisonment and even banishment inflicted on detected dealers in contraband opium.\n\nAny effective preventive system necessarily involves much searching of the persons and baggage of travellers, intrusion into private dwellings, and general interference with the liberty of the individual, and inevitably lends itself to abuses, so that it is anything but popular with the community generally.\n\nUnder present conditions, were a policy of complete suppression adopted, the more stringent measures required to make it effective would be a source of further resentment, and the cost would be prohibitive. Similar considerations apply to the case of the Straits Settlements, whose principal ports, Singapore and Penang, lie in the fairway of all sea-borne traffic between the East and the West. It would of course be another matter if the suppression of poppy cultivation, which is the official policy of the Chinese Government, became really operative in China.\n\nFARMING SYSTEM.\n\nIt will be convenient at this point to refer briefly to the farming system which is of considerable historical interest and present importance in connection with the opium traffic. Under this system the exclusive privilege of dealing in opium for a given area is put up to tender and sold for a period of years to the individual or Company offering the highest price. Conditions may be attached to the contract to minimise abuses, and in order to safeguard his own interests the farmer can be relied upon to do all in his power to ensure that others shall not encroach on his exclusive rights to deal in opium, Government on its part assisting him by legislation and otherwise. By this means it is possible to restrict the traffic to one or more concerns thereby facilitating regulation by Government.\n\nThis farming system is still in force in the Portuguese Colony of Macao; within the last 15 or 20 years it has however been abolished in favour of a system of direct Government control in Malaya, Hongkong and British North Borneo, as well as in Siam, the Dutch East Indies, and French Indo-China, on account of the serious abuses to which it proved liable; the essential reason being that the farmer in his desire to get rich quick was seldom scrupulous in his methods, and was prepared to go any length to increase the market for his opium at home or abroad, legally or illegally.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 494582, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]", "page_number": 127, "title": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]", "content_text": "124\n\n2\n\n# CONTROL OF DISTRIBUTION\n\nMethods for regulating the distribution of opium must vary with the circumstances of each locality. The drastic method of complete prohibition except for medical purposes and under medical prescription has been adopted in many British Colonies and is the ultimate goal in the remainder. In Ceylon, where the consumers of opium are said to be mostly Indians and not Cingalese, a system of registration of opium addicts is in force, with rationing of supplies to these as well as to practitioners of native medicine. The number of consumers in the Island has been reduced from 24,000 in 1910 to 12,000 in 1920, and the allowances diminished; and as the present generation of smokers dies out, complete suppression will follow automatically. A similar system is in force in Weihaiwei, where permits are issued only to confirmed smokers by a Government medical officer, and no fresh permits are being granted. British responsibility for Weihaiwei will, however, cease as soon as the administration is resumed by the Chinese Government in accordance with the recent agreement arising out of the Washington Conference.\n\nMauritius has recently passed from a system of registration to one of suppression. Zanzibar, also, where the practice of opium eating obtains among some of the Persian and Indian residents, is rapidly reducing its consumption under the registration system.\n\nBut in localities where there is a large Chinese population and the opium habit is widespread, any policy of immediate suppression could not be enforced owing to the ease with which opium can be smuggled—for example, in the coal bunkers of incoming steamers, packed among ordinary merchandise, concealed in the hollow stems of bamboo; on the persons of travellers, in birdcages, even in the inside of stuffed animals.\n\nIn such Colonies, attempts to register consumers and limit supplies to these would be to a great extent ineffective owing to the illicit supplies of opium obtainable; the registration system would also be cumbrous and difficult to enforce in localities where a large proportion of the opium-consuming population is migratory, as is the case in the Malay Peninsula, British North Borneo, and Hongkong.\n\nFor these countries, the policy adopted is that of direct Government control of the import, manufacture, and distribution of opium, with a view to ultimate suppression when conditions permit. Thus, for example, in Hongkong, the price of Government monopoly opium has been successively raised from $6 a tael in 1914 to $14.50 a tael in 1918, at which it at present stands—a price which puts excessive indulgence out of the reach of the majority of consumers; the sale of dross opium (a smoking preparation in which opium dross is an ingredient), which is more deleterious in its effects on smokers, has been discontinued; all public divans for the consumption of opium have been closed, in order to reduce the incentives to smoking; sale is only permitted to adult Chinese males, and possession is limited to a maximum of 5 taels; and Government-prepared opium is so packed as to render it unsuitable for transmission and therefore less liable to removal from the Colony.\n\nSince the passing of the 1914 Opium Ordinance, Hongkong has ceased to be a market for the distribution of opium. Apart from smuggled opium, the only opium which now comes to the Colony is that required for the use of the Government factory, and supplies consigned on through bills of lading to the Japanese authorities in Japan and Formosa and the Portuguese authorities in Macao. Export of prepared opium is not allowed to any destination whatever.\n\nIn Malaya and British North Borneo, there is also strict control of import and export and the elimination of the private trader; and the measures taken for the regulation of distribution and consumption are, generally speaking, similar to those adopted in Hongkong, though the details vary with local conditions. Thus, in Malaya, the system of registered public smoking-houses open to police inspection and control has been retained, although the numbers of such houses have been greatly reduced.\n\nThe price of prepared opium in Malaya has been increased from $3 a tael in 1910 to $12 in 1920. Opium dross is purchased and destroyed so as to prevent the preparation of the more harmful dross opium—a policy which has had to be modified in Hongkong owing to the large supplies of dross from illicit opium, which was being mixed with the dross of Government opium and sold to Government, thereby providing a subsidy to the illicit traffic.\n\n## DIFFICULTIES OF EFFECTIVE REGULATION\n\nHongkong, to which I again refer as it is the Colony of which I have most knowledge, affords a good illustration of the difficulties of effective regulation of distribution and consumption—difficulties which would appear to render complete suppression an impossibility under existing conditions.\n\nFor while the cost of monopoly opium is kept high, and opium is obtainable in the neighbouring provinces of China at less than one-third of the Hongkong price, it is obvious that there is much profit in the smuggling into and sale of illicit opium in the Colony, which at present is being flooded with Chinese-grown opium, in spite of the large preventive force maintained to keep down smuggling, and of the heavy penalties of fines, imprisonment, and even banishment inflicted on detected dealers in contraband opium.\n\nAny effective preventive system necessarily involves much searching of the persons and baggage of travellers, intrusion into private dwellings, and general interference with the liberty of the individual, and inevitably lends itself to abuses, so that it is anything but popular with the community generally.\n\nUnder present conditions, were a policy of complete suppression adopted, the more stringent measures required to make it effective would be a source of further resentment, and the cost would be prohibitive. Similar considerations apply to the case of the Straits Settlements, whose principal ports, Singapore and Penang, lie in the fairway of all sea-borne traffic between the East and the West. It would, of course, be another matter if the suppression of poppy cultivation, which is the official policy of the Chinese Government, became really operative in China.\n\n## FARMING SYSTEM\n\nIt will be convenient at this point to refer briefly to the farming system, which is of considerable historical interest and present importance in connection with the opium traffic. Under this system, the exclusive privilege of dealing in opium for a given area is put up to tender and sold for a period of years to the individual or Company offering the highest price. Conditions may be attached to the contract to minimise abuses, and, in order to safeguard his own interests, the farmer can be relied upon to do all in his power to ensure that others shall not encroach on his exclusive rights to deal in opium; Government, on its part, assisting him by legislation and otherwise. By this means, it is possible to restrict the traffic to one or more concerns, thereby facilitating regulation by Government.\n\nThis farming system is still in force in the Portuguese Colony of Macao; within the last 15 or 20 years, it has, however, been abolished in favour of a system of direct Government control in Malaya, Hongkong, and British North Borneo, as well as in Siam, the Dutch East Indies, and French Indo-China, on account of the serious abuses to which it proved liable; the essential reason being that the farmer, in his desire to get rich quick, was seldom scrupulous in his methods, and was prepared to go to any length to increase the market for his opium at home or abroad, legally or illegally.\n\n3", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 495360, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-481 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [8-12]", "page_number": 30, "title": "CO129-481 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [8-12]", "content_text": "4+ \n\n8 \n\nThe disease is comparatively easy to diagnose as other forms of peripheral neuritis are not common here, but it is probable that many cases vaguely named \"rheumatism,\" and paralyses of different kinds, are instances of beri-beri, so also are many of the cases which are said to be locomotor ataxia. For some reason the \"wet\" variety is uncommon.\n\nFrom time to time circulars have been issued by the Sanitary department to all large employers of coolie labour in which the danger of using polished rice as a food is explained and the appropriate advice given as to the proper selection of their food. It is so difficult to alter the customs of the ages that it is not easy for anyone to buy unpolished rice in the open market; it has to be sought for specially. A few years ago we got out a new preparation derived from yeast, known as \"marmite\" which is supposed to contain some of the vitamines and to be useful in the treatment of beri-beri. Dr. McKenny reports that \"it is liked by the majority of patients and is rapidly effective\" in removing sensory symptoms. He thinks it is useful also for improving the condition of the muscles in the earlier stages of the disease.\n\nPlague.--From 1915-1921 inclusively the number of cases of plague in each of these years may be considered a moderate one for an area in which it exists in an endemic form. But the disease was more prevalent this year, and 1,181 cases were certified. Plague is to be regarded as a disease of rats primarily and as one of nature's methods for restricting their indefinite multiplication. The three species of the rat family which are found in the colony are Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattus and Mus musculus, and the comparative percentages of these are 41, 32 and 27 but the comparative figures for the R. norvegicus and R. rattus are 557 and 143, respectively, in Kowloon, and 60 and 40 in Victoria. In the last nine years the brown rat was found to be infected with the plague organism for just about twice the number of months that the black rat was found infected; and on the average, the brown rat has been recorded as infected for seven months of this period. Of the entire number of rats which were reported as infected during this period, 15 per cent were black rats and 85 were brown rats. The fleas known to be present are the Xenopsylla cheopis and the Ctenocephalus felis and canis but a systematic search has not been made so far.\n\nPreventive measures. To prevent rats from gaining access to dwellings the Sanitary Department requires the ground surfaces of all dwellings to be covered by concrete, and every drain or opening for ventilation is protected by iron gratings. Ceilings and hollow walls are not allowed in new buildings, and in some instances in which they existed they were removed by order; in the native parts of the town all dead rats are collected and examined to ascertain whether they are infected or not. There are hundreds of bins containing a disinfectant, which are distributed throughout the city and suburbs for containing every rat either found dead or trapped. The information required as to the particular house or tenement from which the rats have been collected is obtained and a special inspection of the premises is made when evidence of infection is found in the specimen. The next step taken is to fill up the rat holes with broken glass and cement, whatever may be found amiss with the drains and gratings is remedied, rat poison is provided for the occupiers to use; in the event of several infected rats being found in one locality a special survey is made from house to house and special attention is given to the cleaning up of the district; poison, traps, and birdlime are resorted to, the value of cats as destroyers of rats inculcated, and there is no dearth of dogs of every variety. Direct action is taken against fleas by the use of a kerosine emulsion for cleansing all native dwellings once every three months; the streets and lanes are cleaned up and all refuse removed from the houses daily; each house is provided with a covered metal dust bin to contain the rubbish and to prevent rats from feeding on it; any house or building in which infection has been found to exist is thoroughly washed with kerosine emulsion and all articles of clothing &c., are disinfected by steam.\n\nRats probably enter the colony by means of the shipping, especially in junks. At present it seems that to disinfect all junks periodically and kill the rats and fleas would require a large organisation for the purpose as some four or five thousand junks would have to be dealt with.\n\nA point of interest in the diagnosis of the disease has been noted by Dr. C. W. McKenny who states that he has seen about twelve cases which were proved to be infected with plague in which there was a small area of skin, dark in colour and necrosed, situated generally on the buttocks or the back, although not necessarily restricted to these parts. The material obtained from such areas by means of an incision was found to contain the organisms of plague in large numbers. This necrosed patch may be the only sign of plague but buboes may be present as well. The condition is said to be a rare one and all of the patients who were affected in this manner, died.\n\nDysentery. For the most part cases of this disease belong to the amoebic variety; practically in every case in which the clinical signs of dysentery occur the entamoeba histolytica is found, and treatment by ipecacuanha or emetin is generally successful. Although dysentery is not as common in this colony as it is in parts of India and Africa it is still a disease which is often encountered. Amongst Europeans it is more common in children than in adults, and all of the cases which I have seen in children have been due to the amoeba and all were cured by emetin. Emetin seems to be more efficient even in the treatment of amoebic dysentery in children than it is in adults. As compared with this variety of dysentery the number of cases in which the bacillary form was the cause has been small, but this refers more particularly to the European population.\n\nThe number of patients treated for dysentery in the Tung Wah Hospital during the last five years (1918-1922 inclusively) was 1,376; and the number treated in two of the government hospitals during the same period was 301. The percentage of patients who\n\n27\n\nPage 30\n\nPage 31", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-481 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 495707, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-481 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [8-12]", "page_number": 373, "title": "CO129-481 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [8-12]", "content_text": "366\n\nHeight of buildings in rural districts.\n\nConcrete-blocks and hollow walls.\n\nThickness of short walls.\n\nThickness of wall in Shanghai as compared with Hongkong.\n\nMaterials for walls in rural districts.\n\nWorkmen to occupy house in course of construction.\n\nSupply of skilled labour.\n\nEffect of guilds on labour.\n\nTribunal for labour disputes.\n\n14\n\n* 74. We also recommend that the present restriction on the height of buildings in rural districts to 35 feet be removed, subject to the Building Authority retaining the right to object to the design or external appearance of the building (see letter (8) in Enclosure I, and evidence of Mr. Jackman and Mr. White in Enclosures 8 (5) and (3) respectively).\n\n* 75. In letter (3) in Enclosure 1, it is suggested that concrete-blocks with a hollow space in them can be fitted together with much less labour than ordinary bricks, and the cheapness, dryness and coolness of hollow external walls are emphasized in letter (22) in the same enclosure. Upon this question of hollow walls, Mr. Jackman and Mr. White were of the opinion that there was no objection to such hollow walls if they were properly sealed with cement-concrete. We recommend that the matter be carefully gone into by the Public Works Department.\n\n* 76. In letter (8) in Enclosure 1, the suggestion is made that walls of short length and built in cement mortar may safely be of less thickness than is at present required by law. Mr. Jackman and Mr. White concurred in this view, which we support.\n\n77. Mr. Lam Woo in his evidence (Enclosure 8 (2)) pointed out that in Shanghai a less thickness of wall is required than in Hongkong, but the Acting Director of Public Works seemed to think that severer conditions of wind and weather exist in Hongkong than in Shanghai, and consequently the greater thickness was desirable here. We concur in the latter view.\n\n78. It is suggested in letter (24) in Enclosure 1, that for one-storey and two-storey houses in rural districts a mixture of cement, lime and decomposed granite might be allowed for walls; and Mr. White agreed, but added that, in such a case, proper supervision would be required during construction.\n\n79. The question of allowing workmen to occupy the ground-floor of Chinese tenement-houses when the building is erected up to the second-floor, so as to speed up the building operation and save some rents, is dealt with in para. 24 (3).\n\n80. The question of securing an adequate supply of skilled labour for the building trade is important, because it affects not only the building development of the Colony, but also the cost of buildings. In paras. 24 and 25 we have made recommendations with the view of obtaining a sufficient supply of such labourers by providing them with sufficient and cheap housing accommodation.\n\n81. One of the most serious obstacles to the supply of labour appears to be the large entrance-fees demanded of new members by some of the local guilds, thus debarring newcomers from the country (see letter (10) in Enclosure 1). We may add that it is stated in letter (40) that labour obtained from the guilds is considerably dearer than that from outside sources. The influence of guilds on the building development of the Colony is also referred to in letters (24) and (41).\n\n* 82. We strongly urge the Government, in the interests of all branches of trade in this Colony, to pass a law for the reference to a strong and independent tribunal, with one representative of the employers and one representative of the workmen as assessors, of all disputes in this Colony relating to wages to be paid to workmen, hours of employment, and holidays. Such a law is clearly desirable in the interests of workmen, no less than in those of employers, for it is of the utmost importance to the former to know that they have a definite tribunal to which they can appeal with the full certainty of their grievances being gone into without delay and without any cessation of wages such as is involved in a strike. In the course of his Report for the year 1922, the Secretary for Chinese Affairs remarks (at page 13): \"The general strike was largely a matter of the intimidation of willing workers\",\n\n15\n\nMr. Hallifax advocates as a remedy the establishment of an Employers Federation; but while we agree that the formation of such a federation may be desirable, we think that an arbitration tribunal as recommended by us should be established, and that a Judge of the Supreme Court should be given power to enforce the decisions of the tribunal.\n\n* 83. It would seem desirable to establish a trade school to teach boys carpentry, masonry, and other branches of the building trade. The industrial school which, we understand, Sir Robert Ho Tung and several Chinese gentlemen are contemplating should prove an ideal institution for the purpose.\n\n* 84. In letters (10) and (24) in Enclosure 1, it is suggested that the Government should grant permission to contractors to obtain stone, sand and earth from places as near as possible to the building works. We commend this suggestion to the consideration of the Government.\n\n* 85. We recommend that local architects furnish their contractors with sufficiently detailed drawings of the work to be done, at as early a stage of the building work as possible, by which much time will be saved, and structural alterations will be obviated. In this connection, we would call attention to letters (9) and (40) in Enclosure I, and to the evidence of Mr. L. G. Bird and Mr. Lam Woo in Enclosures 8 (6) and 8 (2) respectively.\n\n* 86. Architects could also help contractors by advising them as to what amount of materials is required, and when they should be ordered and delivered (see letter (9) in Enclosure 1).\n\nTraining boys in carpentry, etc.\n\nPermission to obtain stone, sand and earth.\n\nDetailed drawings to be furnished to contractors early.\n\nAdvice to contractors.\n\n* 87. It is also our opinion that, if contractors are paid more promptly, the cost of building contracts will appreciably be reduced (see letter (9) para. 10, in Enclosure 1). A fair allowance should also be made to contractors for materials on the ground (Ibid. See, too, letter (30)).\n\n* 88. In letter (9) in Enclosure 1, it is stated that unnecessarily heavy security is required from contractors by persons building houses, with the result that contractors have to provide for this item in preparing their tenders. Mr. Lam Woo also complained that securities are required from contractors when permits are issued to them for erecting scaffoldings, mat-sheds, etc.; and as this would tie up a great deal of money, which a small contractor can ill afford to have so employed, the cost of building is indirectly increased by reason of the fact that such contractors have to protect themselves by making their tenders higher. Mr. White informed us in his evidence that the system of security was introduced in order to exercise a better control over the contractors; but, in view of the existing high cost of building, we advise that, instead of requiring the contractors to put up securities in such cases, a prosecution should be instituted against any contractor who commits an offence.\n\n89. In letters (10), (24), (30), (35) and (40) in Enclosure 1, the greater employment of labour-saving machines or devices is advocated as being the means of minimising the cost of buildings. The appliances, etc., mentioned in these letters are:\n\nPneumatic Rock-Drills.\n\nMechanical Stone-Crushers.\n\nRock-Cutting Machines.\n\nConcrete Mixers.\n\nElectrically-driven Portable Wood-Workers.\n\nFloor-Planing and Sanding Machines.\n\nSteam Pile-Drivers.\n\n* There is no doubt that a wider use of such appliances will have the desired result in the case of big undertakings, and that the use of the first three in quarries would save much time and labour. In letter (30) it is stated that gravel-crusher effects a saving of at least 30%.\n\nSecurities required from contractors.\n\nLabour-saving appliances.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-481 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 497430, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7]", "page_number": 116, "title": "CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7]", "content_text": "# 113\n\n4\n\nThese figures are based upon an estimated average population of 650,000. It is notorious that the Hongkong census figures are much below the actual figures of population, for reasons which it is unnecessary to examine here. The Committee has information regarding the actual population to the following effect:-\n\nThe bulk of the Colony's nightsoil is carried away by a Contractor for purposes of manure for mulberry growing. The successful bidder for the present contract, dating from 1921, worked upon the census figure of 680,000 persons, and allowed for taels 3 in weight of nightsoil per head per day, or a total of some 1275 piculs. He reduced this figure to 1100 piculs because of wastage through water closets and boat population, and he tendered accordingly. The amount of nightsoil now being collected approximates to 2500 piculs or nearly four million taels, which, at taels 3 per head, gives a population of over 1,300,000, without allowing for wastage. The figure arrived at through this somewhat unusual method of census taking is probably very much nearer the mark than the official figure and upon this basis the total consumption of opium comes out again at about half a tael a head.\n\n## 12\nThe Secretary of State for the Colonies justly points out in his despatch of the 13th December that the only persons who need purchase Government opium are those who want a high-grade product and those who prefer to pay a high price rather than risk the penalty for the use of smuggled opium: and this argument holds good in respect of the consumption of any duty-paid article in lieu of its smuggled counterpart. But it does not follow that there is no effective control over the consumption of such article. It is the opinion of the Committee that the control exercised in Hongkong is as effective as is possible in the extraordinarily difficult circumstances. As long as unlimited supplies of opium are available, opium cannot be kept out of the Colony. The Government of Hongkong, realising this fact, has devised a compromise. It sells a good grade of opium at a very high price and it visits with severe penalties all those who are found to be trafficking in or using other opium. There can be no doubt that shortness of purse on the one hand and fear of the consequences on the other do keep consumption very far below the rate which would obtain if Government opium were cheapened or prohibited or penalties were relaxed.\n\n## 13\nThe various proposals for a gradual diminution in the amount of opium legitimately available have been discussed in the preceding paragraphs. It remains to examine the question whether consumption of opium could be reduced, if no further legitimate supplies were available. It has been pointed out in paragraph 9 that the habitual smoker need not be considered, and, if such a step should result in decreased consumption, the Government should go out of business at once.\n\nThe Committee has expressed the opinion that a gradual reduction of legitimate supplies will be counterbalanced by an increase in the use of illicit opium. If the use of opium were to be prohibited, it is probable that the situation would get entirely out of hand. A comparison which suggests itself is the placing of a small foreign Government in Marseilles and the prohibition by it of the drinking of wine by the French within the town: except that opium is much more easily smuggled than wine. Neither the Hongkong Government nor the Council of the League of Nations can prevent indulgence in a practice habitual in a nation of four hundred million people unless that nation desires to give up that indulgence, and unfortunately, there is no present indication that the opium habit will be abandoned by the Chinese people in the near future. It may be mentioned in this connection that the Committee has read with considerable surprise the statements by Mr. Chao Hsin-chu regarding Shanghai, which appear at pages 61 and 65 of the Minutes of the Fifth Session of the Advisory Committee. The information before the Committee is to the effect that enormous quantities of opium go to Shanghai, and the consumption there is very large. The supervision in Shanghai is notoriously far less strict than it is in Hongkong.\n\nIn Canton, the Government has for some time past been selling opium for revenue purposes, and a Monopoly has now been formally established.\n\n## 14\nThe Committee understands that the practice of swallowing opium is spreading amongst the Chinese, a practice which, according to medical evidence, is at least not less harmful than smoking opium. The League of Nations Advisory Committee does not apparently take exception to the swallowing of opium and the hemp drugs, ganja, cheras, and bhang, by Indians in India, and accordingly, if smoking is prohibited in Hongkong, the Government must be prepared to face a demand that swallowing should be permitted according to the practice in India. It is difficult to see how a discrimination in favour of India could be justified.\n\n## 15\nIn paragraphs 4 and 5 of his despatch of the 13th December, the Secretary of State suggests that, if confirmed opium smokers are registered and the use of opium is otherwise prohibited, the British Government will have done everything possible to discharge its obligations under the Opium Convention. The Committee cannot agree with this suggestion. No Government placed as the Hongkong Government is can put a stop to a national habit of an alien race so long as it has not the full support of public opinion, and the continuing of opium to a few smokers, or total prohibition which would be preferable, would result in a flood of smuggling which it would be impossible to stem.\n\nThe difficulties of detection of smuggling are in present circumstances insuperable. Hongkong, with a total area of 376 square miles, has a coast and frontier line of 400 miles over any part of which Chinese may come and go at will. Opium in bulk comes by ocean-going steamer, of which the crew frequently, and sometimes the officers, are in league with the smuggler, and it comes also by launch and by junk. The opium is frequently put overboard outside the harbour limits, having attached to it a float which remains submerged for a given period and then rises to the surface. The Hongkong Government is about to incur heavy expense in providing a new sea-going revenue vessel to operate outside harbour limits. Many Revenue and Police launches operated by the Chinese Government carry on an active trade in contraband and, having a Government status, they are more or less immune from search. One such launch was recently sunk in Hongkong waters, and on examination of the wreck, opium and arms were found in it. Opium is carried in receptacles bolted outside the bottom of a junk, in a hollowed-out spar, in a compartment inside a tin of petrol or a jar of wine, in the leg of a bedstead, in a bag of flour, in a woman's hair, in fact, in every possible place in which the ingenuity of the Chinese can devise means to hide an article the bulk of which is as small as its value is large. The Chinese, who will slice the top from a silver dollar, will hollow out the interior, refill with base metal, and replace the top, would not stumble into such traps as the European might be able to set for him, except by the merest chance. The Government's only efficacious weapon is money, and it is usually worth the smuggler's while to out-bid the Government, and the informer, working on strict business lines, concerns themselves merely with the amount of the inducement, and are indifferent as to its source.\n\n## 16\nIn paragraph 8 of the despatch of the 13th December, it is proposed that the ordinary preventive measures should be supplemented by concentration on the detection of the capitalists who finance the smugglers. The Hongkong Government has for years past been doing its utmost in this direction, with results comparable to the baling of water with a sieve. For many years, large quantities of opium were smuggled into Hongkong from England, where there was no control of export, and, except for occasional seizures, the Hongkong Government was powerless to deal with the matter. Messrs. Alfred Holt and Company presented a memorial to the Imperial Government regarding the constant smuggling in their ships, pointing out that the evil should be attacked at the root. So long as opium can be thus sold wholesale in this country as freely as the most harmless and necessary foods, so long will the joint operation of laxity in the United Kingdom and severity abroad make illicit traffic easy and profitable. When the opium is once divided into small parcels and distributed among numerous carriers, the difficulty of suppression is enormously increased. Messrs. Alfred Holt and Company would therefore urge upon His Majesty's Government the necessity of altering the law, so that the contraband trade may be stopped in the early stages. The Imperial Government subsequently controlled the traffic, and no more opium came to Hongkong from England. Similarly, opium from Persia and China is being poured into Hongkong. In 1923, the Senior Revenue Officer alone captured 716 illicit divan keepers, 3,350 illicit opium smokers, 386 traffickers in illicit opium, and 60 boilers of illicit opium. With opium altogether prohibited, the Hongkong Government would lose the control which it now has, smuggling would become universal, and consumption would be greatly increased. Hongkong would then be in the position of China, with opium smoking theoretically prohibited and practically uncontrolled, because uncontrollable.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 499025, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-487 - Others & Individuals - 1924", "page_number": 133, "title": "CO129-487 - Others & Individuals - 1924", "content_text": "# \n\n15. The following equipment shall also be provided and shall either be carried by the officers and guards for whom the equipment is respectively provided or shall be kept in the protected portions of the ship :-\n\n(a) One revolver and 50 rounds of ammunition and equipment for carrying the same for each certificated officer and for each guard.\n\n(b) One rifle and 100 rounds of ammunition and equipment for carrying the same for each guard.\n\n(c) One police whistle for each guard.\n\n16. All the above equipment shall at all times be in perfect order and condition and be readily and easily available for immediate use.\n\n17. All the above arms and ammunition shall be approved by the Captain Superintendent of Police.\n\n18. The Police shall have power at any time to inspect and test any of the above arms or ammunition.\n\n19. The Harbour Master shall have power at any time to inspect and test, or to direct the inspection and testing, of any of the above rockets, blue lights or Verey's pistols or lights.\n\n20. The arms and ammunition shall be tested weekly by the officers of the ship.\n\n## Definition of \"Danger Zone\"\n\n21. The term \"danger zone\" shall include the following:-\n\n(1) All the usual routes by water between Hong Kong and any port or place on the Canton River or the West River or any river or estuary in the province of Kwong Tung or the province of Kwong Sai.\n\n(2) All the usual routes by water between Hong Kong and Macao.\n\n(3) All the usual routes by water between Hong Kong and Kwong Chau Wan.\n\n(4) All the usual routes by water between Hong Kong and Amoy, Swatow, Hoilow, Haiphong, and any port or place on the coast of the province of Kwong Tung or the province of Kwong Sai; provided that the danger zone shall not extend to a greater distance from Hong Kong than 120 miles along any such route.\n\nA ship which is within the above limits shall be deemed to be within a danger zone whether it be on a voyage from Hong Kong or on a voyage to Hong Kong.\n\n## Guards\n\n22. Every ship shall carry at least four guards.\n\n23. Every ship which leaves the waters of the Colony on a voyage to any port or place on the Canton River or West River or any river or estuary in the province of Kwong Tung or the province of Kwong Sai shall carry at least six guards.\n\n24. The duties of the guards shall be as follows:-\n\n(a) To assist the Police in searching the passengers and their baggage and goods, the crew and staff of the ship and their belongings, and the ship and its stores and equipment and cargo.\n\n(b) To protect the bridge deck and the access from the bridge deck to the engine and boiler rooms.\n\n(c) To endeavour as far as possible to see that no ammunition or arms are smuggled on board.\n\nNo guard shall be employed on any duty other than those specified above.\n\n25. At least two guards shall be on duty at all times while the ship is in a danger zone.\n\n26. Each guard while on duty shall carry one police whistle, one rifle and 50 rounds of ammunition, and one revolver and 25 rounds of ammunition.\n\n27. All the guards shall be exercised weekly in the use of their weapons and shall be instructed in their duties from time to time as may be necessary.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-487 - Others & Individuals - 1924.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 505235, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926", "page_number": 501, "title": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926", "content_text": "6\n\nUNLABELLED NARCOTICS\n\nOf the 19,382 ounces of narcotics seized at the above three ports since our last report, 14,303 ounces were unlabelled as to manufacturer or drug. During the year every narcotic seizure on steamers from Europe was unlabelled, and we have secured convincing evidence that manufacturers in a certain country have not used the ports of their own country for their exports, but have transmitted the narcotics to the port of a neighbouring country: therefore, when a seizure takes place in China, the onus of the contraband being unlabelled falls on the port of export. The character, however, of these drugs, methods of packing and spelling of false labels, etc., gives away the country of origin in almost every case.\n\nMISLABELLED NARCOTICS AND SMUGGLING METHODS\n\nNot many striking instances are recorded during 1925: \"Calcium Lactate\" of which tons are imported for anti-opium pill manufacture, has been the label attached to about 5,000 ounces of narcotics under different consignments.\n\nTuberkulsin, whatever that may be, was the label of a preparation containing 50% Dionin.\n\nWashing Soda in casks and drums with morphia and heroin embedded in the contents.\n\nAn importation of iron bedsteads with the hollow tubes filled with morphia,\n\nA consignment of watches from Europe turned out to be morphia, and similarly a consignment of gramophones.\n\nNarcotic drugs have been shipped as glow lamps, salted pickles, cocoa powder, milk food and barrels of salted fish. Bird cages, tea chests and kettles with false bottoms have been used for narcotic stores. We have a sample of an artificial brick in which a tin is embedded. Chinese porcelain and imitation marble ornaments have been found filled and plastered over.\n\nMorphia in soles of Chinese shoes.\n\nTins of morphia in Chinese casks of oil, or honey.\n\nPROVINCIAL INVESTIGATION DURING 1925-1926 SEASON\n\nANHUEI\n\nThis province shows marked decline from the repressive measures of 1924.\n\nAs the result of intense agitation by the provincial branch of the International Anti-Opium Association and Agricultural and Political Associations, the monopoly established in 1923 which raised $3,000,000 in land, transit, sales and lamps taxes, and encouraged cultivation of poppy in about 1/5th of the province-was gradually closed down. The investigating Commissioners, and members of our Branches who accompanied the investigation declared in 1924 the uprooting of 80% of the poppy crop in the largest opium district.\n\n1925 has witnessed a marked recrudescence. There is no evidence of a thoroughly organised provincial monopoly as in 1922-3. The farmers have been allowed to follow their inclinations. Invading armies brought in large quantities of opium, and seized large quantities upon retiring.\n\n7\n\nAnhuei opium is a good quality and finds a ready market. Central Anhuei. “Opium will yield a big crop this season. There is more planted than has been the case for many years past. These abundant poppy fields are the key to the opium situation in Shanghai and other places.\n\nOnce the opium is harvested no power on earth could keep the willing buyer from the equally willing seller, for opium is an ideal article for smuggling, being of small bulk for comparatively great value financially. Many of the opium fields are planted with alternate rows of other crops, such as wheat or beans, so that if the law against opium growing should be enforced the farmer could pull up the opium and have another good crop remaining. If the law is not enforced the fine crops of wheat and other food products which are half grown will be pulled up and the opium left to mature. It would require a mere gesture on the part of the local military authorities to set thousands of ready hands to pulling up the poppy crop and so largely eliminate the opium evil. It would be a comparatively simple matter practically to eliminate the production of opium all over the country if the military authorities chose to do so, As it is, the use of the drug is advancing by leaps and bounds among all classes from the wealthiest to the poorest.\" North Anhui. Terrible recrudescence over the north of the province. Planting is more extensive than last year. The crop will be poor because of lack of rain. Opium price has doubled since 1924. These northern districts are probably cultivating as much opium as the worst parts of China. There is a big traffic in cocaine and morphia pills and many of the people have got very wealthy by it. I am convinced that the fact of much opium and silver dollars led a certain General to the hellish work of destroying this city (Pochow) last December. In a recent discussion with a Local magistrate on the subject of poppy cultivation, he replied very significantly, \"Orders have been given from above\".\n\nPochow, Meng Cheng, Taiho and Fuyang districts in the north and west of the province are expected to raise $2,000,000 in opium taxes, This is less than in the season 1923-24.\n\nSouth Anhui. South of the Great River, there is very little opium growing. Great increase in the number of people smoking it. Six years ago it was rare to see a smoker even amongst coolies. Now it is customary, and half the chair coolies smoke. The sale of opium is forbidden, but everywhere it can be bought, not in open shops but private houses without signboards. Opium dens are numerous, but secret. In contrast however stalls on the streets sell opium lamps and pipes quite openly. Six years ago this would have involved a time in jail.\n\nOpium smoking is common in the cabins and saloons of the Yangtzu River steamers. With such a large proportion of officials addicted, little can be expected in the way of ending this traffic.\n\nAt Tunki in the extreme south is reported general use and local officials obtaining a big revenue from the sale of licences. The military commander is locally known as the \"opium devil\" and the chief of police was notorious in permitting opium smoking and the usual forms of vice.\n\nThe country\n\nEast Anhui. Very little poppy grown in this section.\n\ngets its opium through the opium ring which has its headquarters in Nanking and brings in its opium from Shanghai. Opium can be bought almost anywhere in the district and opium dens do not seem to fear molestation.\n\nThere is a renewal of the military monopoly with its headquarters\n\n497", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 511184, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-505-11 Deleterious Drugs Ordinance 1927- proposed amendments 27-10-1927 - 9-11-1927", "page_number": 19, "title": "CO129-505-11 Deleterious Drugs Ordinance 1927- proposed amendments 27-10-1927 - 9-11-1927", "content_text": "19\n\n1922\n\nShip\n\nOwner\n\nAmount\n\nPlace found\n\nRemarks\n\nX Chong Va\n\nChinese\n\nmany sacks of raw opium\n\non deck\n\nready to be put off into junks for which the ship was waiting outside the harbour.\n\nHozan Maru\n\nJapanese\n\nengine room\n\nX Kochow\n\nChinese\n\n1923\n\n© Kam Sang\n\nBritish\n\nhollow supports\n\nf Kam Sang\n\nBritish\n\n7,800 taels Prepared Opium\n\nHanoi\n\nX\n\nnominal French)\n\ndocumentary\n\nreally Chinese)\n\nevidence only\n\n500 taels Prepared Opium of crankshaft bearing\n\nYúan On\n\nChinese\n\n13,000 taels Raw Opium\n\nplaced on board while steam was being raised.\n\nin large kitbags on the floor of the stokehold\n\nTop of bunkers accessible by a trap\n\ndoor in the floor of the dynamo room,\n\nready to be taken ashore, originally intended for Philippines\n\nregularly charged $75 per case containing 800 taels of Raw Opium from Haiphong to Hong Kong.\n\nThe greater part belonged to the ship's compradore, who was part owner of the ship, he was convicted.\n\nX owners concerned.\n\nofficers implicated by connivance or negligence in search.\n\nO conviction obtained.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-505-11 Deleterious Drugs Ordinance 1927- proposed amendments 27-10-1927 - 9-11-1927.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 511185, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-505-11 Deleterious Drugs Ordinance 1927- proposed amendments 27-10-1927 - 9-11-1927", "page_number": 20, "title": "CO129-505-11 Deleterious Drugs Ordinance 1927- proposed amendments 27-10-1927 - 9-11-1927", "content_text": "In a hollow trunk, in which a secret door had been cut and fixed with stoppers.\n\n1924\n\n \n Ship\n Owners\n Place found\n Amount\n \n \n Taika Maru\n Japanese\n from the bunker engine room bunker.\n 7,200 taels Raw Opium\n \n \n Kut Sang\n British\n False bottom constructed in the bunkers, access being had from the double bottom by a door specially constructed.\n 6,700 taels Prepared Opium\n \n \n + Haihong\n British\n \n 4,000 taels Prepared Opium\n \n \n + LaiSang\n British\n \n 7,800 taels\n \n \n ← Ho Sang\n British\n \n 9,000 taels\n \n \n Lim Chow\n Chinese\n Ventilation trunks in spare bunker, in which secret doors had been cut, and closed by screwed plates and bitumen paint.\n 5,700 taels\n \n \n Po Sang\n Chinese\n \n 3,300 taels\n \n \n Omers\n Aupunt\n \n \n \n\nX owners concerned.\n\nofficers implicated by connivance or negligence in search.\n\nconviction obtained.\n\nRemarks\n\nCaptain convicted, had in his possession sets of duplicate opium labels and rubber chops in case any of the labels on the tins got spoilt. The owner was one of the firms licenced to buy Indian opium at Kwong Chow Wan.\n\nPage 20\n\nPage 21\n\n12\n\n1925\n\n \n Ship\n Owners\n Amount\n \n \n X Anjou\n Chinese\n 500 taels\n \n\n1926\n\n \n Ship\n Owners\n Amount\n \n \n of Sui Sang\n British\n 7,000 taels", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-505-11 Deleterious Drugs Ordinance 1927- proposed amendments 27-10-1927 - 9-11-1927.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 512940, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928", "page_number": 285, "title": "CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928", "content_text": "315\n\nbut did not silence it. As soon as I could locate the exact\n\nposition the firing was coming from I opened fire at 1210 with\n\n6 pdr. H.E.\n\nThere were about 20-30 men with machine guns and\n\nrifles on the sandspit at the West end of Sun Sha Island where\n\na hollow in the sand makes an admirable machine gun position.\n\nThe third shot from \"Robin\" pitched in this hollow and\n\nthe pirates then dispersed rapidly, some on to the island among\n\nthe reeds and long grass and some round the South side of it.\n\nThe latter could be seen quite plainly and a few more rounds\n\nwere fired at them as they ran. They then embarked in a large\n\nsampan and proceeded still further round the island. The\n\nsampan was fired at by \"Robin\" and when a shot fell immediately\n\nunder its stern the pirates evacuated it and disappeared among\n\nthe reeds etc. Ceased firing at 1255 having fired 14 rounds.\n\nLieut. Ashby was sent on board the tow to investigate.\n\nIt had been hit once and one passenger killed.\n\nAt 1245 I interviewed the Chief of Police Mr. Pun Man Po\n\nand in the afternoon went with him in the Asiatic Petroleum\n\nCompany motor boat down to Sainam to see where the attacks had\n\nbeen made etc. from Mr. Pun I learnt that there is a big pira-\n\nte band operating in the Nam Hoi and Fat Shan districts.\n\nnumber about 500 men all armed and have 10 machine guns and 20\n\nThompson guns. They have a proper organisation with an office,\n\nsecretary, etc., and are led by a man known as Lo Po. They are\n\nprobably the same band as the one which operates at Tai Ping\n\nShan. Their attacks are made from the South side of the river\n\nand from Sun Sha Island. They are usually made at daybreak or\n\nsunset in sampans from both ends of the channel between Sainam\n\ntown and Sainam Island.\n\nTheir object is to capture any rich\n\nmerchants and hold them to ransom and generally to extract\n\n\"squeeze\".", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 515516, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-511-11 Estimates- 1929 21-9-1928 - 14-11-1928", "page_number": 48, "title": "CO129-511-11 Estimates- 1929 21-9-1928 - 14-11-1928", "content_text": "52\n\n10\n\n### Sub-head 124. Kowloon Tsai Resumption $46,000.—In consequence of the developments of the Kowloon Tong Scheme to the west and south of this village it now lies in a hollow which is liable to flooding. The situation of the villagers is most precarious and there is considerable danger of mosquito breeding. It is therefore essential that the whole of this village should be resumed and the area raised to its proper level as early as possible.\n\n17\n\n99\n\n39\n\n37\n\n33\n\nJ\n\n>\n\n### 125. Filling in large area at Kowloon City $30,000 This work is considered essential as regards malaria prevention and sites raised to proper levels are necessary to keep pace with the rapid development of the district.\n\n### 126. Repairs to Kowloon City Wall $2,000.—It is desirable that the old historic walls of Kowloon City should be kept in good order. They have in the past fallen into a dilapidated condition. It is now proposed to re-instate them, preserving all the original features.\n\n### 127. Forming sites for exchanges at Cheung Sha Wan $1,500. To provide areas which can be offered in exchange for old lots required to enable the Town Planning layout to be proceeded with.\n\n### 128. Filling in areas north west of Nan Chang Street and west of Tui Po Road $30,000.—To provide access to developed building land and to improve the drainage and sanitary condition of the district which has been raised due to reclamations.\n\n### WATER WORKS\n\n### 129. Kowloon Tong Estate Mains $5,000.—This work which has been undertaken by Government is necessary for the water supply to the Estate.\n\n### 130. Distributing Water Mains $10,000.—This work is necessary in view of the rapid extension of building operations in New Kowloon.\n\n### 131. Filtered Water supply to Dairy Farm Lots at Diamond Hill $20,000.—This extension of the water supply was asked for by the Sanitary Department for reasons of Public Health.\n\n### PORT WORKS\n\n### 132. Further reclamation at Sham Shui Po $60,000.—This vote is required to complete the reclamation at Sham Shui Po and for the construction of the sea wall.\n\n### 133. Construction of mound to retain materials dumped at Cheung Sha Wan $50,000.—Considerable dumping has taken place at Cheung Sha Wan Bay. In order to prevent much of this material escaping into the harbour which causes silting, it is proposed to construct a rubble mound. This will provide a dumping area without the danger of silting up the harbour.\n\n### 134. Water Boat Dock at Lai Chi Kok—Strengthening to east wall at side of Dock and surfacing at rear of same $2,400.—This provides for protecting the east wall of the dock, where movement has taken place recently, the surfacing of the backing will afford future protection.\n\n### PUBLIC HEALTH AND BUILDINGS ORDINANCE\n\n### 135. Compensation and Resumptions $100,000.—This vote is necessary for the acquisition of buildings and land necessitated by the Town Planning layout of New Kowloon, and for the alignment and widening of existing streets. It is impossible to estimate accurately the requirements on this vote, but it is desirable to resume such vacant land rather than wait until costly buildings have been erected.\n\n11\n\n### NEW TERRITORIES\n\n### BUILDINGS\n\n### Sub-head 136. Anglo Chinese School Cheung Chau $10,000.—This vote is required for the payment of retention money and the completion of the school building which was commenced in 1928.\n\n99\n\n27\n\n### GENERAL WORKS\n\n### 137. Roads $2,500. This amount is necessary to meet the growing requirements of certain large and important Market Towns in the New Territories.\n\n### 138. Drainage—Training Nullahs $1,500.—This vote is for additional nullah training to improve drainage conditions and to prevent breeding places for mosquitos.\n\n### 139. Drainage :-Miscellaneous Drainage Works $5,000. This sum is necessary to meet the growing requirements of the New Territories.\n\n### 140. Miscellaneous $7,500. This vote is for various general works necessary for Police Stations, Lighthouses and Townships that may be found necessary and desirable during 1929.\n\n### 141. Water Works $1,000.—Necessary to meet requirements in connection with Water Works extension during 1929.\n\n### COMMUNICATIONS\n\n### 142. Patrol Path from Lin Ma Hang to Sha Tau Kok $50,000.—This road will be a continuation of the Sheung Shui-Ta Ku Ling-Lin Ma Hang Patrol Path. It will be 6 ft. wide and is required as a useful means of traversing the frontier between Lin Ma Hang and Shataukok.\n\n### 143. Reconditioning Roads $30,000.—Owing to the increasing motor traffic that is carried over the New Territory roads it is essential that these roads should be strengthened and this vote is required for the purpose.\n\n### 144. Widening Patrol Path—Sheung Shui to Ta Ku Ling (Bridge $2,500) $8,500. The present width of 4 ft. has been found inadequate for the traffic traversing it. The Bridge is to replace an old native bridge that was incorporated into the path when constructed—it is now too narrow and will not carry the loads required.\n\n### 145. Access and Patrol Path to Lo Wu Block House $1,500. This vote is to provide for the cost of forming a 10′ path from the Sheung Shui—Ta Ku Ling Path to the Block House and so making it more accessible for Patrol purposes.\n\n### 146. Widening existing road between Fan Ling and Sha Tau Kok upon removal of railway $10,000. This work is to cover the cost of realigning and widening the road through the Au Ha and Sha Tau Kok Gaps and to level and make good the surface of the removed permanent way of the Railway.\n\n### 147. Tai Po Road Improvement—Bridge at 133 miles $30,000. This bridge will cross the ravine and cut out the very sharp bend and bridge at the first turning pass Chek Nai Ping—the bend in question is a dangerous one and cannot otherwise be improved.\n\n53", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-511-11 Estimates- 1929 21-9-1928 - 14-11-1928.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 521487, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-520-8 Memorandum on use of Opium 1-11-1929 - 30-11-1929", "page_number": 15, "title": "CO129-520-8 Memorandum on use of Opium 1-11-1929 - 30-11-1929", "content_text": "19\n\nEND\n\nTransit\n\n10\n\nIn ships opium has been found in every hollow space from the ladies' bathrooms to the Captain's cabin and from the crow's nest to the bilges. It has in fact been found useless to embark on the search of a large ship unless definite information is forthcoming as to the precise whereabouts of the contraband, and in view of the impossibility of opening all the packages on board a ship any search of cargo is likely to be abortive unless particulars of the suspect packages are known.\n\n9. The difficulties met with in combating smuggling into the Colony are, if possible, increased when the attempt is made to prevent smuggling through the Colony.\n\nImpossibility of more rigorous searches or increase of penalties.\n\nIt is a manifest impossibility to search all ships and examine all cargo passing through the Colony and here therefore our excise service is more than ever dependent on the receipt of definite and accurate information as to consignments.\n\nIn 1928 only three seizures were made of opium in transit to the south and one of opium in transit to the United States of America.\n\n10. The Chinese community has from time to time protested against the rigorous search to which incoming passengers and their luggage are subjected and the methods of search could not be made more efficacious without evoking a storm of protest.\n\nA more rigorous search of shipping would likewise cause profound discontent among the shipping community and result in the withdrawal of such support as is now given to the suppression of the traffic.\n\nThe Government feels that the penalties for trafficking in and use of illicit opium are already sufficiently drastic and that any increase of the penalties would merely encourage offenders to out-bid the offers of rewards by the amounts of the bribes which they would offer for immunity from prosecution.\n\nPart IV.\n\nTHE DIFFICULTIES CAUSED IN THE FULFILMENT OF THE OBLIGATIONS UNDERTAKEN IN CHAPTER II OF THE HAGUE OPIUM CONVENTION OF 1912 AND IN THE GENEVA OPIUM AGREEMENT OF FEBRUARY, 1925.\n\nAs will be seen from Part II of this Memorandum the Government of Hong Kong has taken all possible measures to give effect to the obligations undertaken, and the failure to achieve the total suppression of the use of and traffic in opium must be attributed to the difficulties foreseen in Article II of the Protocol to the Geneva Agreement coupled with the difficulty of eradicating an established habit amongst a fluctuating community inhabiting territory which is particularly susceptible to the operations of dealers in contraband.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-520-8 Memorandum on use of Opium 1-11-1929 - 30-11-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 522908, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-521-4 Piracy in Chinese waters- China Navigation Company Ltd- H.M. Attorney General; responsibility of British Government... 24-6-1930 - 23-4-1931", "page_number": 57, "title": "CO129-521-4 Piracy in Chinese waters- China Navigation Company Ltd- H.M. Attorney General; responsibility of British Government... 24-6-1930 - 23-4-1931", "content_text": "11. The bridge deck shall be protected from access from below by barbed wire.\n\n12. Barbed wire used or provided pursuant to these regulations shall not be painted, covered or treated in any manner tending to render it less effective; such wire shall be renewed as and when its efficiency becomes impaired. Barbed wiring shall be carried out to the satisfaction of the Harbour Master as regards quality of the wire, method and position.\n\n13. In any case in which a permanent wooden or metal awning or deck extends over the bridge deck aft of the grille it shall be protected by means of barbed wire.\n\n14. Any access provided to the bridge deck from below shall be aft of the grille, except by special permission of the Harbour Master signified in writing.\n\n15. Every entrance to the engine and boiler rooms, other than the access referred to in regulation 17, shall be provided with strong and substantial metal or metal grille doors.\n\n16. Metal or metal grille doors used or provided pursuant to these regulations, and the locks therefor, shall be to the satisfaction of the Harbour Master as regards quality and design or pattern, and be so maintained.\n\n17. Direct access shall be provided to the bridge deck from the engine and boiler rooms.\n\n18. On ships deemed by the Harbour Master to be of river-steamer type the officers' cabins shall be on the bridge deck, forward of the grilles, and the guards' quarters shall be on the upper deck abaft the grilles.\n\n19. All constructional work required by these regulations shall be carried out to the satisfaction of the Harbour Master who may relax or modify any of the requirements of regulations 8 to 18 as he may consider expedient. Upon completion of the work the Harbour Master will issue to the owners, agents, charterers or licensees a certificate in writing stating that the constructional work required by the regulations has been carried out to his satisfaction and in carrying out these duties the Harbour Master will be assisted by a Committee consisting of the Assistant Harbour Master, a Superintendent of Police, the master, and a representative of the owners.\n\n20. A certificate should be added to the annual survey certificate of the Government Marine Surveyor stating that the piracy regulations have been adhered to.\n\nScheme of Defence.\n\n21. When a ship is first fitted in accordance with these regulations, and at the annual survey, a scheme of defence of the ship as fitted will be drawn up by a committee consisting of the Assistant Harbour Master, and a Superintendent of Police, the master and, if the owner so desires, a representative appointed by the owner. The scheme of defence settled by the committee shall be set out in writing and carefully kept by the master who shall supply the Captain Superintendent of Police with a copy. Every master shall be well acquainted with the scheme of defence of his ship and he shall see that the officers and other persons on board to whom duties are assigned under the scheme are made acquainted with their duties.\n\nEquipment.\n\n22. The following equipment shall be provided and shall be carried on the protected portion of the bridge deck :-\n\n(a) Double the number of rockets and blue lights required by the regulations of the Board of Trade.\n\n(b) One Verey's pistol and at least 24 Verey's lights.\n\n(c) At least two loaded Winchester rifles of .44 calibre and at least 100 additional rounds of ammunition for the same.\n\n(d) One loaded 12 bore gun to the satisfaction of the Captain Superintendent of Police and at least 50 additional rounds of ammunition for the same loaded with S.S.G. Shot.\n\n23. The following equipment shall also be provided:-\n\n(a) One .38 (long) revolver and 50 rounds of ammunition and equipment for carrying the same for each certificated officer and for each guard.\n\n(b) One 12 bore gun to the satisfaction of the Captain Superintendent of Police and 100 rounds of ammunition and equipment for carrying 20 rounds of the same for each guard.\n\n(c) One police whistle for each guard.\n\n24. All the above equipment shall at all times be in perfect order and condition and be readily and easily available for immediate use; when not being carried or used it shall be kept within a metal grille enclosure in the wheel house or as near thereto as possible.\n\n25. All the above arms and ammunition shall be approved by the Captain Superintendent of Police.\n\n26. The above arms and ammunition shall be inspected and tested by the Police and all necessary orders and facilities shall be given in that behalf.\n\n27. The Harbour Master shall have power at any time to inspect and test, or to direct the inspection and testing, of any of the above rockets, blue lights or Verey's pistols or lights and all necessary orders and facilities shall be given in that behalf.\n\n28. The arms and ammunition, rockets, blue lights and Verey's pistols and lights shall be examined weekly by the master of the ship.\n\nThe \"Danger Zone\".\n\n29. The term \"danger zone\" shall include the following:-\n\n(1) All routes by water between the ship's buoy, berth, anchorage or wharf in the Harbour and the ship's buoy, berth, anchorage or wharf in or at any port or place of loading or discharge on the Canton River or the West River or any river or estuary in the province of Kwong Tung or the province of Kwong Sai.\n\n(2) All routes by water between the ship's buoy, berth, anchorage or wharf in the Harbour and the ship's buoy, berth, anchorage or wharf in Macao harbour.\n\n(3) All routes by water between the ship's buoy, berth, anchorage or wharf in the Harbour and the ship's buoy, berth, anchorage or wharf in Kwong Chau Wan harbour.\n\n(4) All routes by water between the ship's buoy, berth, anchorage or wharf in the Harbour and the ship's buoy, berth, anchorage or wharf in Amoy, Swatow, Hoilow and Haiphong harbours and in or at any port or place of loading or discharge on the coast of the province of Kwong Tung or the province of Kwong Sai; provided that in the case of a ship on a voyage from Hongkong the danger zone shall not extend to a greater distance than 120 miles along any such route.\n\nA ship which is within the extremes of the above limits shall, except when at its wharf or moorings in or at a port or place of loading or discharge, be deemed to be within a danger zone whether on a voyage from Hongkong or on a voyage to Hongkong.\n\n30. No ship shall leave the waters of the Colony except from the Harbour, and after leaving its wharf or moorings and while within a danger zone no passenger or thing shall be allowed to embark or be taken on board except in the saving of life or rescue work at sea.\n\nPage 62", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-4 Piracy in Chinese waters- China Navigation Company Ltd- H.M. Attorney General; responsibility of British Government... 24-6-1930 - 23-4-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 527572, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-530-2 Advisory Committee on Education in the Colonies- Hong Kong education report 1930 23-12-1930 - 12-10-1931", "page_number": 62, "title": "CO129-530-2 Advisory Committee on Education in the Colonies- Hong Kong education report 1930 23-12-1930 - 12-10-1931", "content_text": "## 86 \n\n## 40 \n\n### Cements. Classifications and General Properties: Varieties of Natural Cements Analysis of Natural Cements: Varieties of Artificial Cements: English Portland Cement: Miscellaneous Cements: Testing Methods of Testing.\n\n#### Cement : \n\n#### Mortars. Lime and Cement Mortars: Ingredients: Lime Mortars : Cement Mortar : Strength of Mortar: Mortar Colours and Stains: Water-proofing Mortar: Grouting.\n\n### (G) **CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION**. This course explains the methods of mixing concrete and the many uses of reinforced concrete in building construction.\n\n#### Composition and Use of Concrete. Introduction: Mixing and Laying Concrete.\n\n#### Plain Concrete Construction.\n\n#### Concrete in Situ: Wall Construction : Other Uses of Concrete : Moulded Concrete: Concrete Blocks.\n\n#### Reinforced-Concrete Construction. Introduction: Materials and Workmanship Characteristics of Construction: Columns: Beams: Slabs and Wall Panels Systems of Construction: Special Forms of Reinforcement : Method of Construction: Construction of Falsework: Course of Construction Surface Finish of the Concrete.\n\n### (H) **FIRE-RESISTING CONSTRUCTION**. In this course the various methods of fire-resisting construction are explained to the student. The use of concrete, either plain or reinforced, in this kind of construction is treated with completeness.\n\n#### Planning and Arrangement. Need of Fire-Resisting Construction : General Design: Methods of Extinguishing Fires: Typical Fire-Resisting Building.\n\n#### Materials. Character of Materials Used: Fire-Resisting Materials.\n\n#### Construction. Protection of Columns and Stanchions: Protection by Concrete Protection by Terra-Cotta Protection by Brickwork: Comparison of the methods of Protection: Imperforate Floors: Next Stanchions: Construction of Floors and Ceilings: Early Methods: Steel and concrete Floor Expanded-Metal and concrete Floors Without Centering: Terra-Cotta Floors: Special Forms of Terra Cotta Floors: Steel-Plate Floors: selection of a Fire-Resisting Floor: Plugging of Wooden Floors: Fire-Resisting Partitions: Concrete Partitions: Expanded-Metal-and-Plaster Partitions Terra-Cotta Partitions: Door Frames and Finishings: Light Partitions Construction of Fire-Resisting Roofs: Flat Roofs, Mansard and Other Pitched Roofs; Ceiling Construction: Protection of Openings: Methods of Protection: Fire-Resisting Doors.\n\n### (I) **BRICKWORK**-A most comprehensive treatise on brickwork and bricklaying. The varieties of earths or clays, the process of manufacture; the varieties, sizes and weights of bricks, are fully described. The tools used in bricklaying and the various methods of performing the work receive treatment.\n\n#### Bricks and Brickmaking. Manufacture of Bricks: Brick Earths or Clays Processes of Manufacturing Bricks: Brick Burning: Glazed Bricks : Varieties of Bricks: Sizes and Weights of Bricks: Strength of Bricks and Brickwork.\n\n#### Bricklaying. Solid Walls Tools Used by Bricklayers: Joints in Brickwork: Bond in Brickwork: Kinds of Bond: Hollow Walls: Joining New Walls to Old Walls: Jointing Brickwork: Brick Arches: Terms Used in Connection with Arches: Classification of Arches: Brick Vaults : Methods of Supporting Floor Joists: Corbelling for Floor Joists: Hangers: for Floorbeams in Brick Walls.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-530-2 Advisory Committee on Education in the Colonies- Hong Kong education report 1930 23-12-1930 - 12-10-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528266, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "page_number": 223, "title": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "content_text": "# CHAPTER XI\n\n## CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS\n\n241. The work of investigating and reporting on the position of Great Britain's trade with China and Japan has, of necessity, covered so wide a field that we have endeavoured to present the essential facts with brevity.\n\nThe question before the Mission, although specifically relating to China and Japan, raises the wider question of Great Britain's ability to cater for that half of the world's population which requires useful manufactured products at low prices. Do British industries, by their structure and methods, enable us to compete with our industrial rivals in the supply of these products?\n\nOur investigation has shown that Japan must be regarded by Great Britain mainly as a competitor. While China will for many years be a customer for imported goods, there are in China many indications of increasing factory production, especially in textiles. We have indicated the steps which, in our opinion, are necessary to enable us to take our proper share of these large markets of the East, and in the following paragraphs we re-state briefly our conclusions and recommendations.\n\n242. We first note that Asia - of which the great countries of India, China and Japan are chief - enjoys as yet not more than one-seventh of the world's total trade, though it possesses almost one-half of the world's population. China, with a population of 400-500 million, has a foreign trade of approximately 12s. per head, the smallest by far of any country in the world. If this trade could be increased to the level of that of India, the result would be the addition of at least £300 million to the annual foreign trade of the world.\n\n243. Japan, like Great Britain, imports many of her principal raw materials, but as a result of a definite policy, is becoming increasingly successful in supplying her domestic needs of manufactured goods. Moreover, her industrial productivity already enables her to market abroad, at low prices, a large surplus of manufactured goods. She is now the most formidable competitor in the world's markets with Great Britain's chief export industry, cotton goods, and her competition is also being felt in several other industries.\n\n244. China presents an entirely different problem. She is industrialised on modern lines only to an insignificant extent. The first needs of the country are peace and transportation facilities, which must precede improvement in the standards of life and the volume of Chinese trade. In this market, the trade of Great Britain compared with that of other competing countries shows a most serious decline. Total imports into China have increased\n\n## EXPORT GROUPS\n\n239. Whatever contribution or assistance the State may be able to render to industry, it is, in our view, essential that industry should help itself by creating organisations for the purpose of export trade. At present, many British industries do not exhibit any definite or co-ordinated plan in their attempts to establish or maintain themselves in overseas markets, with the result that there is often unnecessary competition between British manufacturers instead of a united front against the products of our competitors. Further, the absence of unity precludes expenditure on inquiry work, representation, and publicity, which are so necessary for intelligent production and increased sales. Very few firms can afford alone to carry the expense of a suitable overseas intelligence and sale organisation. It is the case, however, that certain sections of British industry have adopted a method of stimulating their export trade and meeting even the most intense competition abroad. This method consists of several firms within an industry grouping themselves together in a common export sales policy and under a single direction. They despatch trained men to foreign markets capable of investigating present and future market needs, and possessing the power to transact business. Successful examples of this system are the Steel Export Association and the South Wales Tinplate Corporation. Firms within these groups retain their individuality, but by combination for sales abroad and the adoption of a common export policy, enjoy the benefits of expert sales methods planned and carried out on a scale which they as individuals cannot afford. This method, evolved by industry itself, is, in our opinion, one which offers most helpful possibilities.\n\n240. We suggest that firms which are members of industries producing for export should carefully consider whether the method of grouping for export purposes can be applied with profit to themselves. Motor cars, cutlery, hollow-ware, leather, boots and shoes, bicycles, porcelain and china-ware, canned goods, and aircraft are examples of industries in which individual firms might associate both for actual trading purposes and for the exploration of developed and undeveloped markets.\n\n304 \n115 \n305 \nPage 304 \nPage 305 \nPage 114 \nPage 115", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 533110, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "page_number": 84, "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "content_text": "114\n\n32\n\nW. R. IVIMEY Cook.\n\nIn the following pages I intend to give a brief account of the characters which distinguish the species from one another, treating the group in a purely systematic method.\n\nOrder I Plasmodiophorales.\n\nThey are endoparasitic fungi living in the cells of Phanerogams. The vegetative phase consists in the production of a myxamoeba which grows into a multinucleated plasmodium, or amœba, which may be either the product of a single myxamoeba, or the result of coalescence of several amœbæ together. Plasmodia may also be produced by fragmentation of plasmodia into uni- or multinucleated schizonts. The nuclei of the plasmodium divide simultaneously by a simple form referred to by most workers as protomitosis. Prior to spore formation the nuclei undergo a phase spoken of as the Akaryote stage in which some, or all, stainable chromatin is extruded into the cytoplasm.\n\nSubsequently during the reproductive phase of the life cycle the nuclei divide twice, the first division being the reduction division. The two divisions forming and the second a typical homotypic one, constituting a meiosis strictly similar to that found in higher plants.\n\nAn additional method of reproduction by means of zoosporangia occurs in one genus. The spores on germination give rise to swarm spores which are pyriform in shape and have one flagellum. The swarm spore either penetrates a fresh root or migrates in the tissues of the same tumour, and eventually fuses with a mate to produce a myxamœba.\n\nFamily I. Plasmodiophoraceæ.\n\nThere is only one family which therefore exhibits all the characters of the order. It is divided into six genera which are distinguished by the arrangement of the spores. The following key indicates the chief points of difference between these six genera.\n\nKey to the genera of the Plasmodiophoraceæ.\n\n1. Plasmodium giving rise to spores only.\n\na. Spores at maturity not arranged in a definite system, but lying freely in the host cell.\n\n1. Plasmodiophora. Page 33.\n\nb. Spores at maturity arranged in a definite system.\n\nA. Spores arranged in a spore-ball or spore-cake.\n\n1. Spore-balls spherical or ellipsoidal, hollow, containing a single layer of spores; the whole spore-ball being enclosed in a common membrane.\n\n2. Sorosphaera. Page 34.\n\n2. Spore-ball ellipsoidal but not hollow, containing two layers of spores closely applied to one another; the whole spore-ball being enclosed in a common membrane.\n\n3. Sorodiscus. Page 35.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.\n\nVol. II.\n\nSupplement.\n\nNo. 1.\n\nPlate 14, figure 1.\n\nSorosphaera Veronicae, Spores x 320.\n\nPlate 14, figure 2.\n\nSorosphaera radicale, Spores x 320.\n\nPAINTED BY S.C.E. POST.\n\nPage 33\n\nPage 33\n\nPage 34\n\nPage 34\n\nPage 35\n\nPage 35", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 533112, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "page_number": 86, "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "content_text": "117\n\n118\n\n1\n\n34\n\nW. R. IVIMey Cook,\n\nand Anbury; in the United States as Club Root; in France as hernie; in Italy as ernia; in Germany as Kropfkrankheit; in Holland as Knolvææet and in Denmark as Kaalbrok. The life history has already been described as the type in this paper and is illustrated in Text figure 1.\n\n2. P. Fici-repentis Andreucci.\n\nAndreucci, A. Archivio Botanico. Vol. 2. Pp. 18-28. 1926.\n\nSpores spherical, 1.5 in diameter, with thin smooth hyaline membranes. Free, not joined in groups. Spores on germination give rise to swarm spores 2.7 long with a flagellum equal in length to the swarm spore. Swarm spores develop into amoeba and these into plasmodia. Plasmodia aggregate to form macrocysts which subsequently produce fresh plasmodia. Plasmodia finally produce spores.\n\nThe organism causes hypertrophy of the roots of Ficus repens, the galls being up to 5 cms, in diameter. Once recorded from a garden in Siena, Italy.\n\nI have not been able to examine slides of this species and this description is based upon the original description. Material of this species, which is in my possession is too dry to allow sections to be obtained which will confirm the work referred to.\n\nP. Diplantherae (Ferdinandsen & Winge), Cook nov. comb. (Pl. 13, fig. 2)., Syn. Ostenfeldiella diplanthera Ferdinandsen C. & Winge O. Ann. Bot. Vol. 28. Pp. 643-649. 1914.\n\nSpores spherical 4 in diameter with smooth yellow walls. Spores not enclosed in a common membrane, nor arranged in a definite system. Plasmodia produced from the spores very large 125μ-200μ in diameter and completely filling the host cells. The organism causes hypertrophy of the host, attacking the stem. Found on Diplanthera Wrightii, on the island of St. Croix, in Danish West Indies, and recorded from material preserved in alcohol only.\n\nOwing to the conditions under which the material was preserved only a rough general examination was possible and very little is known regarding the life-history up to the production of spores.\n\nGenus 2. Sorosphaera. Schröter. (Pl. 14, fig. 1).\n\nSchröter, J. Cohn's Kryptogamenflora von Schlesien. Vol. 3. Pp. 1-500. 1886-1897.\n\nSpores arranged in hollow spore-balls, spherical or ellipsoidal in shape. Individual spores ellipsoidal or pyriform and the whole spore-ball enclosed in a common membrane, one spore-ball being produced from each plasmodium. Spores on germination give rise to swarm spores, which fuse in pairs, producing fresh plasmodia. Infection occurs chiefly through root hairs. The species cause some hypertrophy to the host tissue, though only when the fungus enters the cortical tissue is it well marked.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist Supplement.\n\nNo. 1.\n\nPlate 15, figure 1.\n\nSorodiscus Callitrichis, Spores x 320.\n\nPlate 15, figure 2.\n\nPRINTED BY S.C.M. POST\n\nSorodiscus radicicolus, Spores x 320.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 533113, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "page_number": 87, "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "content_text": "I.\n\nThe Parasitic Slime-Moulds.\n\nThe following species of the genus are recognized:\n\nS. Veronica Schrör.\n\n35\n\nSchröter, J. Cohn's Kryptogamenflora von Schlesien, Vol. 3. Pp. 1-500. 1886-1897.\n\nSpore-balls nearly spherical, 18-28μ in diameter. Spores ovoid, 8μ-9μ long x 4μ-5μ wide. Spore coat thin and smooth. On germination swarm spores fuse, and form plasmodia. When mature, plasmodia become converted into single spore-balls. The fungus attacks the cortical region of the stem and petiole, causing hypertrophy. Tumours being up to 5mm. in diameter. It has been recorded in Veronica hederifolia and in V. triphyllae in Germany; V. hederifolia in Denmark; in V. arvensis and V. Chamaedrys in France and in V. Chamaedrys in Southern England.\n\nThe detailed accounts of this species given by Blomfield and Schwartz (2) in England, and Maire and Tison (3) in France.\n\n2.\n\nS. radicale Cook & Schwartz. (Pl. 14, fig. 2).\n\nCook, W. R. Ivimey and Schwartz, E. J. Ann. Botany. Vol. 43. Pp. 81-88. 1929.\n\nSpore-balls ellipsoidal or oval, with large central hollow, 20μ—57μ long by 16-20μ in diameter. Spore-ball enveloped in a common membrane. Individual spores oval 4μ x 3μ in diameter. On germination they give rise to pyriform swarm spores. Plasmodia small, at maturity each plasmodium forming a single spore-ball. The organism only attacks root-hairs which as a result are enlarged and swollen at the point where the plasmodium lies. The organism has never been found in the piliferous layer or the cortex. It has been found attacking various species of grasses which were growing around the margin of large stretches of water in two localities in South-east England, at Dunton Green, Kent, and Crawley, Sussex.\n\nThe spores are smaller than those of S. Veronica and are more comparable with those found in other genera. The hypertrophy is restricted to the root-hairs and therefore infected plants cannot be easily recognized, though the slight reddening of the leaves of the host is a helpful sign of the presence of the fungus. In the appearance of the spore-ball this species is more typical of the genus Sorosphæra than is S. Veronica.\n\nGenus 3. Sorodiscus Lagerheim & Winge.\n\nWinge, O. Archiv. f. Bot. Vol. 12. Pp. 139. 1912.\n\nSpores aggregated into two flat layers without any appreciable hollow space between them. Spore-ball, or spore-cake enclosed in a common membrane, one spore-cake being the product of each plasmodium. Spores\n\n(2) Blomfield, J. E. and Schwartz, E. J. Some observations on the tumours on Veronica Chamædrys caused by Sorosphæra veronica Ann. Bot. Vol. 24. Pp. 34-43. 1910.\n\n(3) Maire, R. and Tison, A. \"La cytology des Plasmodiophoracées et la classe des Phytomyxina” Ann. Mycol. Vol. 7. Pp. 226-253. 1909.\n\nSupplement No. 1, 1932.\n\nPage 119", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 533114, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "page_number": 88, "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "content_text": "120\n\n36\n\nW. R. Ivimey Cook,\n\non germination gives rise to swarm spores which fuse in pairs to produce a fresh plasmodium. The species causes hypertrophy of the host tissue and tumours are produced,\n\nTwo species are recognised, S. Callitrichis has been found in Scandinavia and Russia, while S. radicicolus has been recently found in South Africa. From such a scattered distribution it seems likely that further species belonging to this genus will eventually be found.\n\n1. S. Callitrichis Lagerh. & Winge. (Pl. 15, fig. 1).\n\nWinge, O. Arch. f. Bot. Vol. 12. Pp. 1–39. 1912.\n\nSpore-cakes composed of two layers of spores closely appressed to one another, 20-30μ in width, composed of up to two hundred spores. Spore measures 6μ—7.4 long by 4-5 in diameter, Spores on germination give rise to swarm spores from which eventually plasmodia are produced. The organism has been recorded from Norway in Callitriche vernalis, and in Sweden and Russia in C. autumnalis.\n\n2. S. radicicolus Cook. (Pl. 15, Fig. 2).\n\n1931.\n\nCook, W. R. Ivimey, Annales Mycol. Vol. 29. Pp. 313-324.\n\nSpore-cakes smaller than in last species, 10μ-12 in width, each spore-cake containing about fifty spores. Spores measure 3.8-4.2 in diameter. On germination they give rise to swarm spores which fuse in pairs and infect fresh cells of the same tumour. Plasmodia are restricted to the walls of the host cells but not to the same extent as in the last species. The organism attacks the roots of Gynandropsis pentaphylla, and has only been found in the country near Pretoria, South Africa.\n\nIn both these species the difference between the spore-balls of Sorosphæra and the spore-cakes of Sorodiscus is clearly seen, and the absence of any appreciable cavity between the two layers of spores is one of the most important characters by which the two genera can be distinguished. In addition the tendency for the plasmodia to become contiguous with the walls of the host cells is also a distinguishing character.\n\nGenus 4. Spongospora Brunchorst.\n\nBrunchorst, J. Bergens Museums Aarsberstnung. 1886, Pp. 219-226.\n\n1887.\n\nSpores spherical with smooth thin walls; aggregated together into irregular shaped masses with hollow spaces, On germination spores give rise to swarm spores which conjugate in pairs to produce fresh plasmodia. These finally become converted into spore-balls which are not enclosed in a common membrane. The genus is distinguished by the arrangement of the spores in sponge-like masses. These really consist of more or less spherical aggregations of spores lightly joined together, but here and there separated by irregular furrows running through the spore-ball. No membrane has been observed around this structure.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist Supplement,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nPlate 16, figure 1. Spongospora subterranea, Spores x 320.\n\nPlate 16. figure 2. Spongospora campanulae. Spores x 320.\n\nPRINTED BY S.C.N. POST.\n\n121", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 533148, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "page_number": 122, "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "content_text": "168\n\n188\n\nF. A. McCLURE\n\nAny diminution of the sunlight provided, however, results in undue lengthening of the leaves and less vigorous development of the flowers. Variations in sunlight or any of the other weather factors may conspire to hasten or defer the flowering, or to spoil the decorative effect of the final product. And here is where the art of the master forcer comes in. He must judge the season, start his bulbs at the right moment, tend them daily and stand guard constantly, anticipating the probable effect of every slight variation of the weather upon the rapidly developing plants. He must know how, with the simple devices at his disposal, to compensate for variations in sunlight, temperature, humidity and wind velocity.\n\nThe success or failure of his venture depends upon his being able to bring his bulbs into full flowering during the fleeting hours at the end of the lunar year when the demand is at its peak. The demand suddenly soars during the last day or so of the old year, and begins to swoop to earth again with the birth of the first hour of the new. The truth of this is often eloquently demonstrated by the wholesale desertion of unsold flowers as the crowds that throng the streets on New Year's eve begin to disappear.\n\nThe forcing of these bulbs constitutes quite an important industry during the twelfth month of the lunar calendar, which corresponds roughly to January of our Western year. Depending upon the weather of the particular season, the bulbs are started anywhere from the 28th of the eleventh moon. In a cold, cloudy season they are started earlier, while in a warm, sunny season they are started later. Warm sunny weather is considered ideal for the best development of the Narcissus plant, while cold, cloudy weather is anathema to those who force the bulbs for the market.\n\nAs they come into the hands of the forcer, the bulbs occur in bilateral clusters of three to seven, the central one of which may be up to 3 or 3.3 inches in diameter and 4 inches in height. On either side of this and proceeding from its base, will usually be found from one to three smaller bulbs (Plate 26, Fig. 1). The leaves of the plant are two-ranked and the lateral bulbs follow this arrangement. There is a distinct hollow at the base of the bulb from the periphery of which the roots are produced. The depth of this depression is emphasized by the downward curve of the bases of the secondary bulbs. The bulbs are made up of leaf buds and flower buds encased by several layers of thick, tough scale leaves, each of which forms a continuous sheath. After the removal of the dry outer scales and the dry roots, the first act in the process of preparing the bulbs for forcing is to make a deep incision in the summit of the bulbs at either side of the first protruding leaf tip (Figure 1). The forcers say that, if this precaution is neglected, the flowers sometimes become misshapen as a result of the pressure which they must overcome in issuing from the midst of the bulb. There doubtless are other good reasons for this practice which are not yet fully understood. It may be that the incision allows more freedom in spreading the flower stalks, making possible a more shapely plant.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.\n\n1.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.\n\nPlate 27.\n\nVol. III, Nos. 3 and 4.\n\n169", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 533152, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "page_number": 126, "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "content_text": "174\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.\n\nVol. III, Nos. 3 and 4.\n\n192\n\nF. A. McCLURE\n\npermitted to see the very simple but scientifically constructed bins where the bulbs are stored, and Mr. Ch'an outlined for me the methods used in this fascinating industry.\n\nThe soil, which is a rich black loam, is thoroughly cultivated and raised into beds. The bulbs are taken from storage at the beginning of the ninth lunar month (October) and soaked in water for an hour or so. They are then planted in rows at a distance of about one foot and at such a depth that the tip of the bulb is just below the surface of the ground. They are watered regularly whenever the rainfall is inadequate. Fertilizer is applied in the form of a liquid suspension of pig manure. The soil is cultivated to keep the surface pulverized and all weeds are removed. The plants reach the end of their annual growth cycle by the end of the fifth lunar month (June) when the bulbs are dug up and allowed to remain on the surface of the soil until the leaves and roots are thoroughly dry. The dead, shrivelled leaves are then removed, the roots are trimmed and the hollow at the base of the bulb is filled with black mud which is held in place by the bases of the roots which it encases. When the mud is dry the bulbs are put into storage to await the planting time in the autumn. This cycle is repeated until the bulbs are three years old, at which time they are placed on the market.\n\nThe storage bin examined is located in one corner of an adobe-walled structure with a tile roof and a floor of beaten clay. The bin is some fifteen feet long, six feet wide and four feet deep. The two adjacent walls of the house form two of the walls of the bin while the other two walls are constructed of boards. The bottom is lined with a deep layer of rice straw spread on the earthen floor. The bulbs are arranged, very carefully, being placed in an upright position and so stacked as to leave large open spaces for ventilation. When the bin is full a thick cover of rice straw is put on. There are four feet of space between the top of the cover and the low ceiling of the room.\n\nIn preparation for the market, the bulbs are packed in cylindrical bamboo baskets of uniform size, whose bottoms are first lined with rice straw. They are graded according to size, the standard being described by the number of bulbs of a given size which are required to fill a basket. Of the largest size, thirty are placed in each basket, and this grade is spoken of as \"thirties\" (). The other grades are indicated respectively as forties, fifties, sixties, seventies and eighties. The eighties are, of course, quite small. In former years bulbs for export were allowed to retain the filling of mud around the roots, but quarantine regulations in various countries now make it necessary to remove this before the bulbs are packed.\n\nThere is a considerable volume of literature in Chinese which deals to a slight extent with the culture of Narcissus, but chiefly with the charms of the flowers and with poetical legends and lore which have grown up about it. For the convenience of those wishing to refer to such sources I append hereto a few titles.\n\nPlate 29.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 533168, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "page_number": 142, "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "content_text": "201\n\n[216]\n\n# THE EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF THE SPIDER.\n\nby\n\nW. RAE SHERRIFFS.\n\nPROFESSOR OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, SOUTHAMPTON, ENGLAND.\n\n46\n\nA first view shows that the spider has a body and a number of legs arising from that body. A closer examination demonstrates that the leglike structures are not all alike and that the body is in two parts separated by a slender waist \"(pedicel). The front part of the body is the united head and thorax (cephalothorax) and from it arise the limbs. The second portion is the abdomen. Both cephalothorax and abdomen are not, as in Insects, composed of definite rings or segments. A still closer scrutiny—which, in the case of minute specimens at least, demands the use of a lens to aid natural vision—reveals yet smaller structures on the large main parts above mentioned.\n\n## CEPHALOTHORAX.\n\nThis fore piece of the body is usually smaller than the hind one, the abdomen, and when looked at from above the dorsal part (carapace) is seen to have a smaller front area separated by a groove from the rest. This cervical groove comes behind the head area which bears the simple eyes, usually eight in number, arranged variously in different kinds of spiders, and according to their number, nature, relative size and position to each other, are of great use in classifying spiders correctly. The spider eye is a single eye with one lens like the ocellus in some insects but quite different from the relatively enormous compound eye made up of thousands of eye elements so characteristic of the insect. Sometimes a spider may have two kinds of eyes, pearly white and black, the pearly ones being nocturnal and the black diurnal, i.e., for use by day.\n\nOn the under (ventral) side are the mouth parts consisting of (1) one pair of \"jaws\" (chelicerae) for seizing and killing the prey—for all spiders are carnivorous. They are the modified second antennae of the crustacean and not Insect mandibles. The chelicerae are two-jointed hollow structures, the upper joint containing a poison sac while the end joint is a movable sharp-pointed fang which folds like a knife-blade against the handle and which can be pushed into the victim, most commonly an insect; (2) A pair of sensitive \"feelers\" (pedipalps) used like insect antennae yet definitely limblike in structure. In the female the pedipalps are limblike but in the male the last joint of the six present is strangely and often elaborately modified for the transference of sperms, as already noted in my last paper.\n\nThe pedipalp's six joints are the coxa, trochanter, femur, patella, tibia and tarsus.\n\nThe coxa joins the limb to the body and the last end joint is the tarsus which in the male is changed to a sex organ. So constant is the type of the male palpal organ that it is characteristic of the species and therefore very valuable in classification.\n\n* H.K.N. Vol. II, No. 4, PP. 254-257.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 533181, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "page_number": 155, "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "content_text": "222\n\nArchaeological Finds on Lamma Island\n\n231\n\nfaint traces of this net on the outside underlying the final pattern (see fragments 1, 5, 7, 10, 13, 28, etc.). This would imply for such jars the preliminary moulding of the upper part in an inverted position and its subsequent join with the lower section to be followed by a finishing on the wheel. The lower section is typically left with the imprint of the textile mould for its decoration and this usually reaches up to the greatest girth of the pot. I have noted only two distinct cases where the lower half of the vessel was left blank; these two pieces are of very closely similar fabric though they do not come from the one site and their patterns are not the same.\n\nThe upper half of these pots from their middle girth to the neck join affords a basis for an inner classification by pattern:\n\nI.a. A pattern practically the same as the \"textile-basket\" of the usual lower half sometimes covers the upper part as well (fragments 2, 3): this is found chiefly with a red soft-brick material which gives in fracture peculiarly typical four-square fragments. The pattern is somewhat firmer than the usual \"basket\" and for distinction I should call it the \"grid.\" Fragments have been found at 17, 24 and 30 inches below the surface. This has in other varieties been observed in plenty on other sites.\n\n(C\n\n1.b.i. Diaper stamped patterns. Varieties in which a lozenge occupies the centre of diaper compartments (figures 5, 6). The frame-work varies in the number of lines owing to the overprinting of the stamp but the typical form is a lozenge surrounded by a diamond frame and both within the compartment of the general frame-work. The lozenge frequently resembles a (Mongolian) eye. Varieties occur with a hollow central lozenge. This is a motive found covering large spaces on Chinese bronzes attributed to the Chou period e.g. a tripod in (6) k. 5, p. 2. Typically found on stone-hard, purple-red ware. A piece in softer ware was found at 2 feet, a piece in harder ware at 3 feet.\n\n1.b.ii. A variety is which a small square (set diagonally in relation to the normals on the surface of the vessel) fills the compartments. Perhaps all the fragments are from one vessel. One piece found at 3 feet and fragment 9 at 3' 9\". This type of ornament was found in the Han necropolis of Dong-son and subsequent Chinese tombs in Tonkin and N. Annam ((4) p. 33). Fragment 9 shows very distinctly the dots of projection caused by the depression in the \"basket\" used to form the vessel.\n\nused to form the vessel. It has been suggested by finds in Annam that the reticulated pattern is intended to give a better surface for a glaze, but no trace of glaze has been found on this ware or even this whole class so far.\n\nI.C. A chequer pattern. This is made with the same type of stamp as that used for the diaper in fragment 5. The only difference, apart from actual size of our specimens which precludes identity of the matrix, is the angle at which the stamping was done (fragment 10).\n\n1.d. The filled diamond or lozenge.\n\n1.d.i. Fragment 11 shows a lozenge or diagonally set square frame which is divided itself into quadrants diagonally and each of these quadrants is filled with a tree-branch pattern that radiates from the centre of the whole\n\nDecember 1932.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 533182, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "page_number": 156, "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "content_text": "223 \n\n232 \n\nD. J. FINN, S.J. \n\nfigure, but there seems to be another element which is incomplete at the edge of the stamp. All the fragments found by me seem to have been from one pot. One piece has been recognized at 36 inches. It was for economy of photography (under scanty finance) that I have chosen this piece to show basket and pattern at once. Other pieces are very large and show the pattern to have been like that on a brick in the \"Five Storied Pagoda Museum in Canton; the brick is assigned to the Period \"Han to Sung.\" It may be noted here that the same Museum has other bricks showing diaper patterns like 1.b.i. with hollow central lozenge and these also are assigned to the same wide period; one with a simple diaper net is assigned to \"Early Han.\" A very similar pattern in which however the lozenges are set normally and not diagonally covers the bronze bell depicted in (3) Vol. I, p. 143 and this bell is dated by an inscription as made in the second year of Sui ho i.e. 7 B.C. \n\n1.d.ii. Fragment 12 is based on a series of inscribed squares constructed on a common pair of intersecting diagonals. This fragment (unique in my collection) has the merit of proving the use of a stamp by the presence of the same irregularity in the right-hand side of the innermost square in each impression. Mr. Schofield has a large piece of the same pot and Professor Shellshear has its neck. \n\n66 \n\n\"\" \n\nI.e. A series using circular impressions. One pot of the fabric represented by Plate 33, figure 2 shows a central circular mark (not hollow ring) surrounded by a roughly circular ring; evidently the impression of the end of a stick. More developed forms are represented by the fragments 13, 14 and 15. 13 and 14 show the connection with the rest of the series in the basket pattern and differ from 15 very much as 5 differs from 7 or 8, one is more near the square, the other the oblong. Figure 15 shows how the matrix of the stamped unit pattern was made to dovetail between the repetitions on fragment 13, the stamping has produced blurs by overprinting. This series is reminiscent of the scale patterns that occur on Chinese bronzes attributed to the Chou period. \n\nFor this group, I cannot produce any depth record as all fragments have been found on the surface. However, they belong by general fabric to the same series as the most typical of our ware below, 1.h. The ware is usually hard, well-levigated stone-ware type of a buff colour. \n\n1.f. This is represented only by one large fragment of great interest, fragment 4. \n\nThe neck shows the basket pattern and is \"attached\" by an almost level strip showing a 7-pricked \"stitch\" motive: the inner side of the neck has a factory mark made with a semi-circular sweep of the 7-pronged \"stitch\" comb. The body of the vase shows a zig-zag which after long hesitations I now regard as stamped, the breadth of the stamp seemingly being 7 rows and its height about an inch and a quarter. This fragment was picked up on the surface, but its factory mark (with which we shall deal later on in a special article devoted to these characteristic marks), its shape, fabric and ware, link it surely with this whole series. The ware is a pleasant buff red of softish feel. Perhaps intended for glazing. \n\n1.g. The fragment of this pot on experiment proved unsatisfactory for photographing, but later on when we come to deal with the glazed ware, \n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543427, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "page_number": 199, "title": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "content_text": "# \n\n## Temporary closure of buildings in case of infectious disease\n\n106.- (1) If in the opinion of the Health Officer it is necessary in the interests of the public health that the persons after removal residing in a building or part of a building which is infected shall be removed, the Health Officer may direct that such building or part thereof shall be temporarily closed for such time as is necessary to secure its thorough disinfection and the disinfection or destruction of all infected articles contained therein, and it shall not be lawful for any person to reoccupy such building or part thereof until it has been thoroughly cleansed and disinfected as aforesaid.\n\n(2) Such cleansing and disinfection may, with the approval of the Health Officer, be done in whole or in part by the inmates or by persons engaged by them; and further if in the opinion of the Health Officer it is necessary for the thorough purification and disinfection of such premises to take down any lath and plaster or other hollow partition wall or any partition, screen, panelling, wainscotting, skirting, stair-lining, ceiling, or other similar structure or any fittings or any portion of such wall, structure or fitting, the Health Officer shall forthwith have the same taken down, and if he considers their removal from the premises or the destruction thereof or both to be necessary in the interests of the public health, he shall forthwith cause the same to be removed from the premises or destroyed or both.\n\n## Cleansing and disinfection of buildings as a check to the spread of disease\n\n(3) Such destruction shall be carried out with such precautions and in such manner as he may deem proper, and compensation for such removal or destruction shall be given by the Governor unless it is proved that the wall, structure or fitting removed or destroyed had been unlawfully erected or maintained.\n\n(4) Such compensation shall be calculated so as to cover the cost of making good the portions of the building damaged by such removal, including the limewashing of any exposed surface and the rebuilding of any necessary wall in materials approved by the Governor but no compensation shall be payable for any loss of rent or deterioration in the value of the property occasioned or alleged to be occasioned by the operation of these provisions.\n\n(5) The Governor shall decide in each case whether the compensation, if any, is to be paid to the owner or occupier and payment in accordance with the decision of the Governor shall bar any further claim to compensation by owner or occupier; provided that nothing in these regulations shall affect the rights of the owners or occupiers inter se as to the ultimate apportionment of any compensation awarded.\n\n107. If the Health Officer is of opinion that the cleansing or disinfection of a building or part of a building or of any article therein likely to retain infection would tend to prevent or check the spread of any infectious disease, leprosy or tuberculosis, he may by notice in writing require the **owner** or occupier to cleanse, or disinfect the same in the manner therein specified.\n\n## Power of Health Officer to cleanse and disinfect buildings and their contents\n\n108. When in the opinion of the Health Officer the **owner** or occupier is from poverty or otherwise unable to effectually carry out the said requirements the Health Officer may cleanse or disinfect or cause to be cleansed or disinfected the building or buildings or part of the same and any articles therein at the expense of the Government.\n\n## Disinfection of premises after removal of cases\n\n109. (1) After the removal of any person suffering from an infectious disease from any house the Health Officer shall cause the room which such person occupied, and any other portion of the house which the Health Officer deems to be infected, to be thoroughly disinfected, and the house may be closed for such period as the Health Officer directs.\n\n(2) No person except the Health Officer or persons authorised by him shall enter such room or house during such period.\n\n## Action with regard to corpses of cases of infectious disease\n\n110. In the event of the death of any person from infectious disease the Health Officer shall take the necessary action to prevent the spread of infection from the corpse. The clothing, bedding and all personal effects of the deceased, that are liable, in the opinion of the Health Officer, to carry infection, shall be disinfected or if the Health Officer so orders, be destroyed by fire, and no person shall be entitled to claim compensation as a right for the destruction of any such article.\n\n## Recovery of cost of disinfection and payment of compensation for damage\n\n111. The Urban Council shall have power by officers of the Council to enter and to cleanse and to disinfect any premises where any person suffering from plague, cholera or smallpox or any other contagious or infectious disease, is or has been, or is recently suspected to have been, located, and the Council may recover the cost of such disinfection and cleansing from the house holder; but compensation may be given to such house holder for any bedding, clothing or other articles which have been destroyed during such cleansing or disinfection:\n\nProvided that where the case of infection has been duly reported no charge shall be made for the cost of such cleansing and disinfection, and reasonable compensation for property destroyed or damaged shall in such case be given.\n\n## Part IV. RELATING TO ANIMALS\n\n## Interpretation\n\n112. In this part unless the context otherwise requires\n\n(a) 'Animals' include cattle, sheep, goats, and all other ruminating animals, and swine and equines.\n\n(b) 'Authorised landing place' means any place declared by this Ordinance or by regulations or by-laws made thereunder to be an authorised landing place and any other place declared by the Urban Council and notified in the **Gazette** to be a landing place.\n\n321", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543451, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "page_number": 223, "title": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "content_text": "## Eating-House By-Laws\n\n7. The whole of the ground floor of the premises of every licensed eating-house is to be covered with a layer of not less than three inches of cement-concrete rendered smooth and laid to the satisfaction of the Council.\n\n8. Except with the special exemption in writing of the Council, no ceiling (not being the underside of a floor), hollow wall, or stair-lining shall remain or be fixed in any building in which or in part or parts of which the premises of the licensee are situated, and, except as aforesaid, if any such ceiling, hollow wall, or stair-lining shall be found in any such building, the Council may declare the forfeiture of the licence.\n\n9. No living room, sleeping place, partitions, cubicles, or mezzanine floors shall be allowed on any premises licensed as an eating-house except with the permission of the Council and shown on the plan of the premises.\n\n10. Every restaurant and eating-house shall be provided with a decent and suitable privy and urinal for the use of customers, and such privy and urinal shall be maintained in a state of cleanliness and good repair.\n\n11. Every eating-house or restaurant shall be kept at all times in a cleanly condition and free from all noxious matter. The troughs, tables, and utensils in use shall be thoroughly cleansed, and the floors properly swept at least once in every twenty-four hours. The whole of the interior walls and ceilings of the rooms shall be properly lime-washed unless such eating-house or restaurant is exempted therefrom by the Council; and the woodwork thoroughly scrubbed with soap and water during the months of June and December of each year unless similarly exempted.\n\n12. No person suffering from any infectious or contagious disease shall be allowed in any eating-house or restaurant.\n\n13. No person shall spit in any eating-house or restaurant except into spittoons provided for the purpose.\n\n14. The licensee of any eating-house or restaurant shall cause to be continuously displayed, in a conspicuous position on every floor of his licensed premises, while such premises are open to the public, a notice or notices of a size and form approved by the Council and in a language prescribed by the Council requiring his customers not to spit on the floor: Provided that the Council may, in its discretion, exempt in writing any premises from the above requirement as to display of notice, and revoke in writing any such exemption.\n\n15. The licensee of any eating-house or restaurant shall cause any phlegm, spittle, or saliva found on the floor of his premises to be promptly swept up and removed; and in the event of his providing one or more spittoons, shall cause a sufficient quantity of a disinfectant fluid to be kept continuously in such spittoons while in use; and shall thoroughly cleanse them daily at the close of business.\n\n16. All food shall be stored or kept in a clean manner and duly protected from flies and dust.\n\n17. The licensee shall not permit disorderly conduct on his premises, or suffer unlawful games or gaming therein, or permit or suffer any prostitute to frequent such premises or to remain therein.\n\n18. No intoxicating liquor shall be sold, served, or consumed, or opium smoked at any eating-house.\n\n19. Eating-houses shall be closed between midnight and 6 a.m., and no meals or refreshments shall be supplied during that period to any person not resident therein.\n\n20. Every eating-house or restaurant shall be, during the hours at which the business thereof is carried on, open to inspection by any member of the Urban Council, Food Officer, or officer of the Sanitary Department.\n\n21. These by-laws shall not apply to any naval, military, or air force canteen.\n\n## Bake-House By-Laws\n\n1. All premises used as a bake-house shall be registered annually, during the month of January, at the office of the Secretary to the Urban Council, and every application for registration shall be made in the form in the Schedule to these by-laws.\n\n2. Every bake-house shall be adequately lighted and ventilated to the satisfaction of the Council, and the ground surfaces shall be paved with a layer of not less than six inches of good lime-concrete or not less than three inches of cement-concrete composed of one part of cement, three parts of sand, and five parts of stone broken to pass through a one-inch ring, and the surface thereof shall be rendered smooth and impervious with a layer of asphalt or cement-mortar of not less than half an inch in thickness or such other material as the Council may approve.\n\n3. Every bake-house shall have an ample supply of good potable water, and, except with the special permission of the Council, this water shall be laid on to the bake-house from the public water mains.\n\n4. Every bake-house shall be so drained as to be in accordance with the requirements of the Building Authority, and all inlets to the drains shall be placed outside the building.\n\n5. No water closet, dry closet, earth closet, or urinal shall be within or in direct communication with any bake-house.\n\n6. Every bake-house shall be kept at all times in a cleanly condition and free from all noxious matter. The troughs, tables, and utensils in use in the bake-house shall be thoroughly cleansed, and the floors properly swept at least once in every twenty-four hours. The whole of the interior walls and the ceilings of the rooms of the bake-house shall be properly lime-washed, and the wood-work thoroughly scrubbed with soap and water during the months of January and July of each year.\n\n7. No animals except cats shall be kept in a bake-house.\n\n8. No person suffering from any infectious or contagious disease shall be permitted to take part in the manufacture or sale or delivery of bread or biscuits.\n\n9. Every bake-house shall be, during the hours at which baking operations are carried on, open to inspection by any Food Officer or officer of the Sanitary Department.\n\n10. No person other than one caretaker shall occupy between 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. any premises used as a bake-house, except such person be at the time actively engaged in carrying on the work of the bakery.\n\n11. No premises shall be used as a bake-house until such premises have been approved by the Council as being in accordance with the by-laws relating to the regulation of bake-houses and have been registered.\n\n12. No person shall spit in any bake-house except into spittoons provided for the purpose.\n\n13. The registered proprietor shall cause to be continuously displayed in a conspicuous position on every floor of his registered premises a notice or notices of a size and form approved by the Council and in a language prescribed by the Council requiring all persons present on the premises not to spit on the floor: Provided that the Council may, in its discretion, exempt in writing any premises from the above requirement as to display of notice, and revoke in writing any such exemption.\n\n14. The registered proprietor shall cause any phlegm, spittle, or saliva found on the floor of his premises to be promptly swept up and removed; and in the event of his providing one or more spittoons, shall cause a sufficient quantity of a disinfectant fluid to be kept continuously in such spittoons while in use; and shall thoroughly cleanse them daily at the close of business.\n\n352", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543483, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "page_number": 255, "title": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "content_text": "# Openings and Recesses to be Arched or Spanned\n\n## 10 (5) \nEvery opening and every recess in any wall shall either be arched over with brick or stone-work in cement-mortar or spanned by a steel girder or ferro-concrete beam of such dimensions and construction as the Building Authority may consider necessary for the support of the superincumbent weight.\n\n## Lath and Plaster Walls Prohibited\n22. No lath and plaster wall, or other hollow wall, shall be hereafter constructed in any building except with the permission of the Building Authority as signified by the approval of the plan required under the provisions of this Ordinance.\n\n## Bonding of Walls of Domestic Buildings\n23. Every building hereafter erected, shall have courses of hoop-iron, tarred and sanded, or other suitable bonding, built into the main walls at the level of the foundations, if required by the Building Authority, and at the level of each floor and at the level of the eaves. Each such course shall consist of not less than three bands in the case of foundations and of all walls of a thickness of not less than eighteen inches, and of not less than two bands in the case of all walls of a less thickness than eighteen inches; each hoop-iron band shall measure not less than one inch and a quarter in width, and not less than one-thirty-second of an inch in thickness, and such bands shall be continuous and lap-jointed wherever practicable. In any case in which continuous bands are not practicable they shall be arranged as the Building Authority may require.\n\n## Bressummers and Lintels\n24. Every joist, bressummer and lintel shall be of sufficient strength and rest upon a template of cement concrete or stone laid in cement mortar and shall have a bearing of not less than the depth of the member.\n\n## Impermeable Floors to be Provided\n### Concreting of Ground Surfaces\n25.-(1) The ground surface of the lowermost storey or where there is a space below such storey then the ground surface of such space, of every building and the floor of every kitchen, bathroom, latrine, and water closet and the ground surface of every area, backyard, court-yard, alley-way or space on which slops may be thrown or from which foul waters flow, shall be properly covered over with a layer of good lime concrete not less than four inches thick finished off smooth with not less than two inches of cement concrete or hard glazed bricks or granite paving or glazed tiles bedded and jointed in cement mortar or with not less than four inches of cement concrete or with such other material as may be approved by the Building Authority. For the purposes of this section the cement concrete shall be composed of one part of cement, two parts of sand and four parts of stone broken to pass a one inch ring for interior surfaces and one part of cement, three parts of sand and five parts of stone broken to pass a one inch ring for exterior surfaces.\n\n(2) The ground surface of every area, kitchen, latrine, water closet, backyard, court-yard, alley-way or space on which slops may be thrown, shall have a fall of not less than 1 in 40 from the walls of the building towards the surface channel or other outlet for the drainage of such surface.\n\n(3) This section shall not apply to any existing domestic building, the ground surface of which has been paved to the satisfaction of the Building Authority in accordance with any existing law or by-law and which is so maintained.\n\n## Repairs to Impermeable Surface over Ground\n26. Where the ground surface of any building or the floor of any kitchen, bathroom, latrine, or water closet, or the ground surface of any area, backyard, court-yard, alley-way or space on which slops may be thrown or from which foul waters flow, is or has been paved or covered over with impervious material, and such material has been subsequently broken, excavated or otherwise disturbed, or has perished, the landlord or owner shall make good the same to the satisfaction of the Building Authority upon completion of any work for the execution of which the same has been broken or otherwise disturbed or within fourteen days from the receipt by him of written notice from the Building Authority so to do: and in default thereof he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding twenty-five dollars for each offence, and to a further fine not exceeding ten dollars for each day after such conviction during which such offence continues.\n\n## Level of Ground Floor to be above Level of Ground outside\n27. The level of the ground floor of every domestic building hereafter erected shall be not less than six inches higher than the highest level of the ground outside such building: Provided that the Building Authority may reduce this requirement in any case where in his discretion it may appear desirable.\n\n## Distance between Floor Timbers of Contiguous Buildings\n28. No floor timbers of any one building shall approach nearer than nine inches towards the floor timbers of any other contiguous building, and the space intervening between the ends of such timbers shall be properly and substantially built up solid with whole bricks or with stone laid in mortar.\n\n## Floors to Rest on Corbels of Brick or Stone-work\n29. The floors of all buildings including verandahs (unless constructed of concrete or other incombustible material) shall not be built into the thickness of any wall, but shall either rest upon the top of the wall or upon corbelling or an offset, so arranged as to give a bearing of at least four and a half inches for the floor. When any opening in a timber floor is to be filled in, every joist over such opening shall be formed in one length to span from wall to wall unless otherwise approved by the Building Authority.\n\n## Height of Storeys\n30.—(1) In the case of every domestic building hereafter erected, the lowest storey used or adapted to be used for human habitation shall contain a clear space of at least eleven feet, measured vertically, and every upper storey shall contain a clear space of at least ten feet measured vertically: Provided nevertheless that in the case of any caretakers' quarters, servants' quarters, kitchen and pantry a clear space of at least nine feet measured vertically, and in the case of any bathroom, latrine and water closet, a clear space of at least eight feet measured vertically shall be sufficient.\n\n## Height of Storeys in Certain Buildings\n31.-(1) In this section, \"semi-detached\" has the same meaning as in section 85.\n\n(2) This section shall apply only to domestic buildings erected after the 24th day of June, 1920.\n\n(3) In detached and semi-detached buildings, and in any building exempted by the Building Authority every storey shall, subject to sub-sections (4) and (5), contain a clear space of at least nine feet six inches measured vertically.\n\n(4) Caretakers' quarters, servants' quarters, kitchens and pantries may be constructed so as to contain a clear space of only nine feet measured vertically.\n\n395", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543529, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "page_number": 301, "title": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "content_text": "## General Index,—Continued.\n\n### G.\n\n| Section | Description | Page |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| GOVERNMENT Buildings | | 2 |\n| GOVERNOR-IN-COUNCIL, Appeal to | | 166 |\n| | Empowered to state case for Full Court | 167 |\n| | Orders of | 168 |\n| | | 25-27 |\n| GROUND Floors and Surfaces | | |\n\n### H.\n\n| Section | Description | Page |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| HABITATION; Space prohibited for | | 32 |\n| HEARTHS; | | 63 |\n| HILL-DISTRICT; Interpretation of | | 4(20) |\n| HILL-SIDE; Interpretation of | | 4(19) |\n| HOLLOW-WALLS | | 62 |\n| HOARDINGS; | | 15 |\n| HOODS: for fire-places | | 23 |\n| | Stair | 115 |\n| HOOP-IRON Bond | | 28-228-2 |\n\n### I.\n\n| Section | Description | Page |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| IMPERMEABLE FLOORS; | | 25, 26, 116, Schedule D |\n\n### K.\n\n| Section | Description | Page |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| KITCHENS; Height of | | 30, 31(4) |\n| | Ground surface of | 25, 26 |\n| | Limitation of extent of | 60 |\n| | To be provided | 59 |\n| KOWLOON-POINT District | | 4(21) |\n\n### L.\n\n| Section | Description | Page |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| LANES; | | 85, 87 |\n| LATH and Plaster Partitions | | 22 |\n| LATRINES; Interpretation of | | 4(24) |\n| | General requirements | 75-80 |\n| | Height of | 30, 31(5) |\n| | Thickness of walls | 15 |\n| LIABILITY, of Government Officers | | 173, 174 |\n| LIFTS and Lift Shafts | | 38 |\n| LIME-Mortar | | 10 |\n| LINTELS; | | 24 |\n\n### M.\n\n| Section | Description | Page |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| MANDAMUS: | | 166 |\n| MATSHEDS; Regulations | | 116, Schedule D |\n\n### N.\n\n| Section | Description | Page |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| NEW Building; Interpretation of | | 165, 169, 170 |\n| NEW Kowloon; Interpretation of | | |\n| | Application of Ordinance to. | |\n| NEW Territories; Interpretation of | | |\n| | Application of Ordinance to. | 172 |\n| NOTICES: Dangerous Buildings | | 172 |\n| | to commence work | 112 |\n| | service of | 125-127 |\n| | Interpretation Ordinance No. 31 of 1911 | Schedule F. |\n| | | 137 |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543531, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "page_number": 303, "title": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "content_text": "## General Index - Continued\n\n| Party | 75 |\n| --- | --- |\n\n## TABLE OF CORRESPONDENCE\n\n### Remarks\n\n| Party | Ꭲ. S,-Continued. |\n| --- | --- |\n\n| STONES; Removal of | 118 |\n| STOREY; Interpretation of | 4(35) |\n| Height of | 11(proviso 3) |\n| STORM water-channels | 30, 31, 95(6) |\n| STOVES; Floor under | 121-124 |\n| STREET, Interpretation of | 63 |\n| Width of | 57, 90 |\n| Private | 116, Schedule D |\n| STRUCTURES; Inflammable | 4(29) |\n\n### Buildings Ordinance 1932\n\n| TIMBER Stores | 1 |\n| TYPE-plans | 2 |\n| TYPES of Architecture | 4 |\n| TENANCY Contracts | 3 |\n| TENANT, Interpretation of | 5 |\n| TENEMENT, Interpretation of | 4(36) |\n| TIE Rods | 4(1) |\n| | 6(1) |\n| | (2) |\n| | (3) |\n| \"a\" substituted for \"the\" | (4) |\n| \"to an average added. the floor level\" | (5) |\n| \"garage and hoarding\" added. | (6) |\n| | (8) |\n| Deleted. | (7) |\n| | (9) |\n| | (10) |\n| V. | (8) |\n| VENTILATION, of Buildings | (11) |\n| under floors | 70 |\n| VERANDAH, Interpretation of | 33 |\n| Obstruction in | (9) |\n| | (13) |\n| | 4(39) |\n| A definition of \"Cockloft\" substituted for that of \"Mezzanine floor\" which has been deleted. | 58 |\n\n### Regulations\n\n| Schedules A & C | 51-55 |\n| Rules as to | (10) |\n| | (38) |\n\n### W.\n\n| WALLS: Interpretation of | 4(40) |\n| Cross | 4(11) |\n| External | 4(16) |\n| Main | 4(23) |\n| Partition | 4(28) |\n| Party | |\n| Blue bricks | 4(30) |\n| Bonding of | 10 |\n| Boundary or fence | 23 |\n| Cross | (24) |\n| | 19 |\n| Deleted and a definition of \"Mid-level District\" substituted. | 13, 14 |\n| Damp-proof courses for | |\n| External | 16 |\n| Foundations for | 11, 13(8) |\n| Hollow | 17 |\n| Hoop iron courses for | 22 |\n| Lath and plaster | |\n| Limitation of length of | 13 |\n| \"seven\" substituted for \"five\" | |\n| Materials for | |\n| Mortar for | |\n| Partition | 23 |\n| Party | 22 |\n| Re-drafted to exclude \"vertical enclosure\" and \"cross wall or other partition\" which have their own definition. | 99 |\n| Retaining | 18 |\n| Tie-rods for | |\n| | 20, 138-152 |\n| | 6 |\n| | 10 |\n| | 15 |\n\n### T\n\n| WATER-closets | 13(3) |\n| WEEP-Holes | 75-81 |\n| WELLS. | Schedule H. |\n| Required | 120 |\n| WOOD Plates | 18 |\n| WOOD-work near flues | 69, 70, 73 |\n| WOODEN Buildings | 74 |\n| WINDOWS, Interpretation of | 45 |\n| Obstruction to | 46 |\n| Floors | 9, Schedule D |\n| WORKS, Interpretation of | 35 |\n| Notice of intention to commence... | 4(42), 125(9), Schedule F |\n| Deleted | |\n| Redrafted to conform with No. 27 of 1932, s. 2. | (17) |\n| Re-drafted to include hand power machinery. | (27) |\n| | (18) |\n| | (28) |\n| | (19) |\n| | (29) |\n| | (20) |\n| | (31) |\n| | (21) |\n| | (32) |\n| Added | (22) |\n| \"but not water closet\" added | (28) |\n| | (35) |\n| | (85) |\n| | (24) |\n| | (37) |\n| | (38) |\n\n459", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543631, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934", "page_number": 90, "title": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934", "content_text": "## Temporary closure of buildings \n\n106.-(1) If in the opinion of the Health Officer it is necessary in the interests of the public health that the persons after removal residing in a building or part of a building which is infected shall be removed, the Health Officer may direct that such building or part thereof shall be temporarily closed for such time as is necessary to secure its thorough disinfection and the disinfection or destruction of all infected articles contained therein, and it shall not be lawful for any person to reoccupy such building or part thereof until it has been thoroughly cleansed and disinfected as aforesaid.\n\n(2) Such cleansing and disinfection may, with the approval of the Health Officer, be done in whole or in part by the inmates or by persons engaged by them; and further if in the opinion of the Health Officer it is necessary for the thorough purification and disinfection of such premises to take down any lath and plaster or other hollow partition wall or any partition, screen, panelling, wainscotting, skirting, stair-lining, ceiling, or other similar structure or any fittings or any portion of such wall, structure or fitting, the Health Officer shall forthwith have the same taken down, and if he considers their removal from the premises or the destruction thereof or both to be necessary in the interests of the public health, he shall forthwith cause the same to be removed from the premises or destroyed or both.\n\n(3) Such destruction shall be carried out with such precautions and in such manner as he may deem proper, and compensation for such removal or destruction shall be given by the Governor unless it is proved that the wall, structure or fitting removed or destroyed had been unlawfully erected or maintained.\n\n## Cleansing and disinfection \n\n(4) Such compensation shall be calculated so as to cover the cost of making good the portions of the building damaged by such removal, including the limewashing of any exposed surface and the rebuilding of any necessary wall in materials approved by the Governor but no compensation shall be payable for any loss of rent or deterioration in the value of the property occasioned or alleged to be occasioned by the operation of these provisions.\n\n(5) The Governor shall decide in each case whether the compensation, if any, is to be paid to the owner or occupier and payment in accordance with the decision of the Governor shall bar any further claim to compensation by owner or occupier; provided that nothing in these regulations shall affect the rights of the owners or occupiers inter se as to the ultimate apportionment of any compensation awarded.\n\n107. If the Health Officer is of opinion that the cleansing or disinfection of a building or part of a building or of any article therein likely to retain infection would tend to prevent or check the spread of any infectious disease, leprosy or tuberculosis, he may by notice in writing require the owner or occupier to cleanse or disinfect the same in the manner therein specified.\n\n## Health Officer to disinfect \n\n108. When in the opinion of the Health Officer the owner or occupier is from poverty or otherwise unable to effectually carry out the said requirements the Health Officer may cleanse or disinfect or cause to be cleansed or disinfected the building or buildings or part of the same and any articles therein at the expense of the Government.\n\n109.-(1) After the removal of any person suffering from an infectious disease from any house the Health Officer shall cause the room which such person occupied, and any other portion of the house which the Health Officer deems to be infected, to be thoroughly disinfected, and the house may be closed for such period as the Health Officer directs.\n\n(2) No person except the Health Officer or persons authorised by him shall enter such room or house during such period.\n\n## Disinfection of premises after removal of cases \n\n110. In the event of the death of any person from infectious disease the Health Officer shall take the necessary action to prevent the spread of infection from the corpse. The clothing, bedding and all personal effects of the deceased, that are liable, in the opinion of the Health Officer, to carry infection, shall be disinfected or if the Health Officer so orders, be destroyed by fire, and no person shall be entitled to claim compensation as a right for the destruction of any such article.\n\n## Recovery of cost of disinfection and payment of compensation for damage \n\n111. The Urban Council shall have power by officers of the Council to enter and to cleanse and to disinfect any premises where any person suffering from plague, cholera or smallpox or any other contagious or infectious disease, is or has been, or is recently suspected to have been, located, and the Council may recover the cost of such disinfection and cleansing from the house holder; but compensation may be given to such house holder for any bedding, clothing or other articles which have been destroyed during such cleansing or disinfection:\n\nProvided that where the case of infection has been duly reported no charge shall be made for the cost of such cleansing and disinfection, and reasonable compensation for property destroyed or damaged shall in such case be given.\n\n## Part IV \n### RELATING TO ANIMALS \n\n112. In this part unless the context otherwise requires\n\n(a) \"Animals\" include cattle, sheep, goats, and all other ruminating animals, and swine and equines,\n\n(b) \"Authorised landing place\" means any place declared by this Ordinance or by regulations or by-laws made thereunder to be an authorised landing place and any other place declared by the Urban Council and notified in the Gazette to be a landing place.\n\nPage 90\nPage 91", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543655, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934", "page_number": 114, "title": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934", "content_text": "## Eating-House By-Laws\n\n7. The whole of the ground floor of the premises of every licensed eating-house is to be covered with a layer of not less than three inches of cement-concrete rendered smooth and laid to the satisfaction of the Council.\n\n8. Except with the special exemption in writing of the Council, no ceiling (not being the underside of a floor), hollow wall, or stair-lining shall remain or be fixed in any building in which or in part or parts of which the premises of the licensee are situated, and, except as aforesaid, if any such ceiling, hollow wall, or stair-lining shall be found in any such building, the Council may declare the forfeiture of the licence.\n\n9. No living room, sleeping place, partitions, cubicles, mezzanine floors shall be allowed on any premises licensed as eating-house except with the permission of the Council and shown on the plan of the premises.\n\n10. Every restaurant and eating-house shall be provided with a decent and suitable privy and urinal for the use of customers, and such privy and urinal shall be maintained in a state of cleanliness and good repair.\n\n11. Every eating-house or restaurant shall be kept at all times in a cleanly condition and free from all noxious matter. The troughs, tables, and utensils in use shall be thoroughly cleansed, and the floors properly swept at least once in every twenty-four hours. The whole of the interior walls and ceilings of the rooms shall be properly lime-washed unless such eating-house or restaurant is exempted therefrom by the Council; and the woodwork thoroughly scrubbed with soap and water during the months of June and December of each year unless similarly exempted.\n\n12. No person suffering from any infectious or contagious disease shall be allowed in any eating-house or restaurant.\n\n13. No person shall spit in any eating-house or restaurant except into spittoons provided for the purpose.\n\n14. The licensee of any eating-house or restaurant shall cause to be continuously displayed, in a conspicuous position on every floor of his licensed premises, while such premises are open to the public, a notice, or notices of a size and form approved by the Council and in a language prescribed by the Council requiring his customers not to spit on the floor: Provided that the Council may, in its discretion, exempt in writing any premises from the above requirement as to display of notice, and revoke in writing any such exemption.\n\n15. The licensee of any eating-house or restaurant shall cause any phlegm, spittle, or saliva found on the floor of his premises to be promptly swept up and removed; and in the event of his providing one or more spittoons, shall cause a sufficient quantity of a disinfectant fluid to be kept continuously in such spittoons while in use; and shall thoroughly cleanse them daily at the close of business.\n\n16. All food shall be stored or kept in a clean manner and duly protected from flies and dust.\n\n17. The licensee shall not permit disorderly conduct on his premises, or suffer unlawful games or gaming therein, or permit or suffer any prostitute to frequent such premises or to remain therein.\n\n18. No intoxicating liquor shall be sold, served, or consumed, or opium smoked at any eating-house.\n\n19. Eating-houses shall be closed between midnight and 6 a.m., and no meals or refreshments shall be supplied during that period to any person not resident therein.\n\n20. Every eating-house or restaurant shall be, during the hours at which the business thereof is carried on, open to inspection by any member of the Urban Council, Food Officer, or officer of the Sanitary Department.\n\n21. These by-laws shall not apply to any naval, military, or air force canteen.\n\n## Bake-Houses By-Laws\n\n1. All premises used as a bake-house shall be registered annually, during the month of January, at the office of the Secretary to the Urban Council, and every application for registration shall be made in the form in the Schedule to these by-laws.\n\n2. Every bake-house shall be adequately lighted and ventilated to the satisfaction of the Council, and the ground surfaces shall be paved with a layer of not less than six inches of good lime-concrete or not less than three inches of cement-concrete composed of one part of cement, three parts of sand, and five parts of stone broken to pass through a one-inch ring, and the surface thereof shall be rendered smooth and impervious with a layer of asphalt or cement mortar of not less than half an inch in thickness or such other material as the Council may approve.\n\n3. Every bake-house shall have an ample supply of good potable water, and, except with the special permission of the Council, this water shall be laid on to the bake-house from the public water mains.\n\n4. Every bake-house shall be so drained as to be in accordance with the requirements of the Building Authority, and all inlets to the drains shall be placed outside the building.\n\n5. No water closet, dry closet, earth closet, or urinal shall be within or in direct communication with any bake-house.\n\n6. Every bake-house shall be kept at all times in a cleanly condition and free from all noxious matter. The troughs, tables, and utensils in use in the bake-house shall be thoroughly cleansed, and the floors properly swept at least once in every twenty-four hours. The whole of the interior walls and the ceilings of the rooms of the bake-house shall be properly limewashed, and the wood-work thoroughly scrubbed with soap and water during the months of January and July of each year.\n\n7. No animals except cats shall be kept in a bake-house.\n\n8. No person suffering from any infectious or contagious disease shall be permitted to take part in the manufacture or sale or delivery of bread or biscuits.\n\n9. Every bake-house shall be, during the hours at which baking operations are carried on, open to inspection by any Food Officer or officer of the Sanitary Department.\n\n10. No person other than one caretaker shall occupy between 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. any premises used as a bake-house, except such person be at the time actively engaged in carrying on the work of the bakery.\n\n11. No premises shall be used as a bake-house until such premises have been approved by the Council as being in accordance with the by-laws relating to the regulation of bake-houses, and have been registered.\n\n12. No person shall spit in any bake-house except into spittoons provided for the purpose.\n\n13. The registered proprietor shall cause to be continuously displayed in a conspicuous position on every floor of his registered premises, a notice or notices of a size and form approved by the Council, and in a language prescribed by the Council, requiring all persons present on the premises not to spit on the floor: Provided that the Council may, in its discretion, exempt in writing any premises from the above requirement as to display of notice, and revoke in writing any such exemption.\n\n14. The registered proprietor shall cause any phlegm, spittle, or saliva found on the floor of his premises to be promptly swept up and removed; and in the event of his providing one or more spittoons, shall cause a sufficient quantity of a disinfectant fluid to be kept continuously in such spittoons while in use; and shall thoroughly cleanse them daily at the close of business.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543687, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934", "page_number": 146, "title": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934", "content_text": "# \n## Openings or spanned.\n\n(5) Every opening and every recess in any wall and recesses shall either be arched over with brick or stone-work in cement-mortar or spanned by a steel girder or ferro-concrete beam of such dimensions and construction as the Building Authority may consider necessary for the support of the superincumbent weight.\n\n## Lath and plaster walls prohibited.\n\n22. No lath and plaster wall, or other hollow wall, shall be hereafter constructed in any building except with the permission of the Building Authority as signified by the approval of the plan required under the provisions of this Ordinance.\n\n## Bonding of walls of domestic buildings.\n\n### Bearings of \n23. Every building hereafter erected, shall have courses of hoop-iron, tarred and sanded, or other suitable bonding, built into the main walls at the level of the foundations, if required by the Building Authority, and at the level of each floor and at the level of the eaves. Each such course shall consist of not less than three bands in the case of foundations and of all walls of a thickness of not less than eighteen inches, and of not less than two bands in the case of all walls of a less thickness than eighteen inches; each hoop-iron band shall measure not less than one inch and a quarter in width, and not less than one-thirty-second of an inch in thickness, and such bands shall be continuous and lap-jointed wherever practicable. In any case in which continuous bands are practicable they shall be arranged as the Building Authority may require.\n\n## Bressummers and lintels.\n24. Every joist, bressummer, and lintel shall be of sufficient strength and rest upon a template of cement concrete or stone laid in cement mortar and shall have a bearing of not less than the depth of the member.\n\n## Impermeable floors to Concreting of ground surfaces.\n\n25.-(1) The ground surface of the lowermost storey or, where there is a space below such storey, then the ground surface of such space, of every building and the floor of every kitchen, bathroom, latrine, and water closet and the ground surface of every area, backyard, court-yard, alley-way, or space on which slops may be thrown or from which foul waters flow, shall be properly covered over with a layer of good lime concrete not less than four inches thick finished off smooth with not less than two inches of cement concrete or hard glazed bricks or granite paving or glazed tiles bedded and jointed in cement mortar or with not less than four inches of cement concrete or with such other material as may be approved by the Building Authority. For the purposes of this section, the cement concrete shall be composed of one part of cement, two parts of sand, and four parts of stone broken to pass a one-inch ring for interior surfaces and one part of cement, three parts of sand, and five parts of stone broken to pass a one-inch ring for exterior surfaces.\n\n(2) The ground surface of every area, kitchen, latrine, water closet, backyard, court-yard, alley-way, or space on which slops may be thrown, shall have a fall of not less than 1 in 40 from the walls of the building towards the surface channel or other outlet for the drainage of such surface.\n\n(3) This section shall not apply to any existing domestic building, the ground surface of which has been paved to the satisfaction of the Building Authority in accordance with any existing law, by-law, and which is so maintained.\n\n## Repairs to the floor of any kitchen, bathroom, latrine, or water closet, or the ground surface of any area, backyard, court-yard, alley-way, or space on which slops may be thrown or from which foul waters flow, is or has been paved or covered over with impervious material.\n\n26. Where the ground surface of any building or impermeable material over ground surface has been broken, excavated, or otherwise disturbed, or has perished, the landlord or owner shall make good the same to the satisfaction of the Building Authority upon the completion of any work for the execution of which the same has been broken or otherwise disturbed or within fourteen days from the receipt by him of written notice from the Building Authority so to do: and in default thereof, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding twenty-five dollars for each offence, and to a further fine not exceeding ten dollars for each day after such conviction during which such offence continues.\n\n## Floors, floor to be Level of the ground.\n\n27. The level of the ground floor of every domestic building hereafter erected shall be not less than six inches higher than the highest level of the ground outside such building: Provided that the Building Authority may reduce this requirement in any case where, in his discretion, it may appear desirable.\n\n## Distance between floor timbers of contiguous buildings.\n\n28. No floor timbers of any one building shall approach nearer than nine inches towards the floor timbers of any other contiguous building, and the space intervening between the ends of such timbers shall be properly and substantially built up solid with whole bricks or with stone laid in mortar.\n\n## Floors to rest on corbels of brick or stone-work.\n\n29. The floors of all buildings, including verandahs, shall not (unless constructed of concrete or other incombustible material) be built into the thickness of any wall, but shall either rest upon the top of the wall or upon corbelling or an offset, so arranged as to give a bearing of at least four and a half inches for the floor. When any opening in a timber floor is to be filled in, every joist over such opening shall be formed in one length to span from wall to wall unless otherwise approved by the Building Authority.\n\n## Space to be left between floors.\n\n30.-(1) In the case of every domestic building hereafter erected, the lowest storey used or adapted to be used for human habitation shall contain a clear space of at least eleven feet, measured vertically, and every upper storey shall contain a clear space of at least ten feet measured vertically: Provided nevertheless that in the case of any caretakers' quarters, servants' quarters, kitchen, and pantry, a clear space of at least nine feet measured vertically, and in the case of any bathroom, latrine, and water closet, a clear space of at least eight feet measured vertically shall be sufficient.\n\n## Height of storeys in certain buildings.\n\n31.-(1) In this section, \"Semi-detached\" has the same meaning as in section 85.\n\n(2) This section shall apply only to domestic buildings erected after the 24th day of June, 1920.\n\n(3) In detached and semi-detached buildings, and in any building exempted by the Building Authority, every storey shall, subject to sub-sections (4) and (5), contain a clear space of at least nine feet six inches measured vertically.\n\n(4) Caretakers' quarters, servants' quarters, kitchens, and pantries may be constructed so as to contain a clear space of only nine feet measured vertically.\n\n## \nPage 190", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543733, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934", "page_number": 192, "title": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934", "content_text": "# General Index (Continued)\n\n## G\n\n| Section | Page |\n| --- | --- |\n| GOVERNMENT Buildings | 72 |\n| GOVERNOR-IN-COUNCIL, Appeal to | 166 |\n| Empowered to state case for Full Court | 167 |\n| GROUND Floors and Surfaces | 168 |\n| Orders of | 25-27 |\n\n## H\n\n| Section | Page |\n| --- | --- |\n| HABITATION; Space prohibited for | 32 |\n| HEARTHS: | 63 |\n| HILL-DISTRICT; Interpretation of | 4(20) |\n| HILL-SIDE; Interpretation of | (19) |\n| HOARDINGS; | 115 |\n| HOLLOW-WALLS | 22 |\n| HOODS: for fire-places | 62 |\n| Stair | 15 |\n| HOOP-IRON Bond | 23 |\n\n## I\n\n| Section | Page |\n| --- | --- |\n| IMPERMEABLE FLOORS; | 25, 26, 116, Schedule D |\n| INFLAMMABLE STRUCTURES; | |\n\n## K\n\n| Section | Page |\n| --- | --- |\n| KITCHENS: Height of | 30, 31(4) |\n| Ground surface of | 25, 26 |\n| Limitation of extent of | 60 |\n| To be provided | 59 |\n| KOWLOON-POINT District | 4(21) |\n\n## L\n\n| Section | Page |\n| --- | --- |\n| LANES; | 85, 87 |\n| LATH and Plaster Partitions | 22 |\n| LATRINES; Interpretation of | 4(24) 75-80 |\n| General requirements | 30, 31(5) |\n| Height of | 15 |\n| Thickness of walls | 178, 174 |\n| LIABILITY, of Government Officers | 38 |\n| LIFTS and Lift Shafts | 10 |\n| LIME-Mortar | 24 |\n| LINTELS; | 166 |\n\n## M\n\n| Section | Page |\n| --- | --- |\n| MANDAMUS; | 116 |\n| MATSHEDS; Regulations | Schedule D |\n| MODIFICATIONS | 165, 169, 170 |\n\n## N\n\n| Section | Page |\n| --- | --- |\n| New Building; Interpretation of | 172 |\n| NEW Kowloon, Interpretation of | 112 |\n| Application of Ordinance to. | 125-127 |\n| NEW Territories, Interpretation of | Schedule F |\n| Application of Ordinance to. | 137 |\n| NOTICES: Dangerous Buildings | |\n| to commence work | |\n| service of | | \n## Page Numbers\nPage 251 \nPage 72", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543735, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934", "page_number": 194, "title": "CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934", "content_text": "## General Index,—Continued.\n\n## TABLE OF CORRESPONDENCE\n\n| Remarks | Party | T. | S, Continued. |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| STONES; Removal of | | 119 | 4 (35) |\n| STOREY; Interpretation of | | 11 | (proviso 3) |\n| Height of | | 30, 31, 95(6) | |\n| STORM water-channels | | 57 | |\n| STOVES; Floor under | | 90 | |\n| STREET, Interpretation of | | 116 | Schedule D |\n| Width of | | 4 (29) | |\n| Private | | | |\n| STRUCTURES; Inflammable | | | |\n| SECTION | Buildings Ordinance 1932 | Ordinance No. 1 of 1903 | |\n| | 1 | 1 | 2 |\n| | 4 | 121-124 | 3 |\n| | 20 | 5 | 63 |\n| | 4 (36) | 4 (1) | |\n| | 4 (1) | 6 (1) | (2) |\n| | 6 (1) | (2) | (3) |\n| | (2) | (3) | \"a\" substituted for \"the\" |\n| | (3) | (4) | (4) |\n| | (4) | (5) | (5) |\n| TENANCY Contracts | 3 | | |\n| TENANT, Interpretation of | 4 (37) | | |\n| TENEMENT, Interpretation of | 4 (38) | \"to an average added. the floor level\" | |\n| TIE Rods | | (5) | (6) |\n| TIMBER Stores | 13 (3) | 119 | |\n| TYPE-plans | 172 (3) | 106-109 | |\n| TYPES of Architecture | | **garage and hoarding** added. | (6) |\n| | | | (8) |\n| | | | (7) |\n| | | | (9) |\n| | | Deleted. | (10) |\n| V | | | (8) |\n| | | | (11) |\n| VENTILATION, of Buildings | 70 | 33 | |\n| under floors | | (9) | (13) |\n| VERANDAH, Interpretation of | 4 (39) | 58 | |\n| Obstruction in | | A definition of \"Cockloft\" substituted | Schedules A & C |\n| Regulations | | for that of \"Mezzanine floor\" which has been deleted. | 51-55 |\n| Rules as to | | Re-drafted to exclude the walls of a central yard. | |\n| | | (10) | (38) |\n| WALLS: Interpretation of | 4 (40) | | (11) |\n| Cross | 4 (11) | | (17) |\n| External | 4 (16) | | |\n| Main | 4 (23) | | (20) |\n| Partition | 4 (28) | | (14) |\n| Party | 4 (30) | | (16) |\n| | | | (22) |\n| Blue bricks | 10 | | (24) |\n| Bonding of | | 29 | |\n| Boundary or fence | 19 | 13, 14 | |\n| Cross | | Deleted and a definition of \"Mid-level District\" substituted. | |\n| Damp-proof courses for | | | |\n| External | 16 | \"seven\" substituted for \"five\" | 99 |\n| | | (15) | (25) |\n| Foundations for | | 11, 13(3) | (16) |\n| Hollow | 17 | Re-drafted to exclude \"vertical enclosure\" and \"cross wall or other partition\" which have their own definition. | (26) |\n| Lath and plaster | | 22 | |\n| Hoop iron courses for | 1 | 13 | 6 |\n| Limitation of length of | | Redrafted to conform with No. 27 of 1932, s. 2. | 10 |\n| Materials for | | | |\n| Mortar for | 23 | | |\n| Partition | 15 | | (27) |\n| Party | 20, 188-152 | | |\n| Retaining | 18 | | |\n| Tie-rods for | | Re-drafted to include hand machinery.. | (28) |\n| WATER-closets | 18 (3) | 75-81 | Schedule H. |\n| | | (19) | (29) |\n| WEEP-Holes | 18 | | (20) |\n| Required | | | |\n| WOOD Plates | | | |\n| WELLS. | 9, Schedule D | 35 | |\n| WINDOWS, Interpretation of | 4(42), 125(9) | Schedule F | |\n| Obstruction to | 120 | 4 (41) | (21) |\n| | | (31) | (32) |\n| WOOD work near flues | 69, 70, 73 | 74 | |\n| WOODEN Buildings | | Added | (22) |\n| Floors | 45 | 46 | \"but not water closet\" added |\n| WORKS. Interpretation of | | (35) | (85) |\n| Notice of intention to commence.. | | Deleted | (38) | \n## Page 254", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-9 Proposed reorganisation of medical and sanitary services 2-11-1933 - 10-1-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 544909, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-548-1 Annual reports from various government departments 3-4-1934 - 11-6-1935", "page_number": 215, "title": "CO129-548-1 Annual reports from various government departments 3-4-1934 - 11-6-1935", "content_text": "# Appendix E.\n\n## REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS FOR THE YEAR 1933.\n\n### I.-LIQUOR\n\nThe net revenue collected showed a decrease on 1932 of $202,153. The consumption of beer, including local beer, showed an increase which is partly due to the inclusion in the figures of heavy stocks held at the end of the year on which duty had been paid under the system outlined in paragraph 4 below. The consumption of spirits showed a decrease due doubtless to the general shortage of money in circulation. The output of native spirit by local distilleries showed a decrease of 92,000 gallons, which is fully accounted for by the general decrease in employment especially in the latter half of the year.\n\n2. Seizures of Chinese spirit showed little difference in the aggregate, but there were fewer large seizures. The majority was seized on board river steamers, members of the crews of which were frequently implicated. After a ship has been thoroughly rummaged on arrival, arrests have been made frequently of coolies carrying ashore a bottle or two long after her arrival. In one case a ship arrived at night alongside her wharf, and on the off-side a rope was noticed attached to a fitting on deck and apparently trailing in the sea overside, but on being untied and hauled in a large number of bottles of Chinese spirit were discovered attached to it and submerged in the water along the side of the ship. Hollow bamboo poles were frequently seized filled with spirits, which had been bought at a cheap price on board river steamers. Special steps were taken to arrest and put before the courts all carriers of Chinese spirit, when they had obtained it on board after the ship had berthed some time. These cases may have appeared trivial, but it must be realised that a number of street coolies and juveniles are employed throughout the day carrying contraband spirits ashore, just in such small quantities as can be easily concealed on the person. One old woman was known to employ no fewer than ten small girls to carry spirits and Chinese tobacco ashore. None of these children will ever admit who employs them. In one case a large number of bottles of Chinese spirit was found on a staircase, at the foot of which a typical street seamstress was innocently plying her trade, but really receiving the spirit from the children as they brought it ashore.\n\nPage 273", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-548-1 Annual reports from various government departments 3-4-1934 - 11-6-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 549146, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-554-6 Hong Kong University- 1. Appointment of Dr. Chen Shas Yi as head of Chinese Department... 18-3-1935 - 28-10-1935", "page_number": 54, "title": "CO129-554-6 Hong Kong University- 1. Appointment of Dr. Chen Shas Yi as head of Chinese Department... 18-3-1935 - 28-10-1935", "content_text": "55\n\n124\n\nD. J. FINN, S.J.\n\nFrom HSY and Aberdeen and Stanley, we have pieces which seem to be stones for grinding meal: they are usually of granitic types of stone and are characterized by the usual hollow.\n\nM\nx\nN\n5. cms.\n5. cms.\na\nM. \"Epimiolith\" with\n\"bent\" (apparently a sought-for form).\npoint\nN. \"Epimiolith\" from HSY: an excellent specimen of an implement in the Old Stone Age tradition (even Chalossian- but most likely to be referred rather to Asturian types): found close to neolithic axes and pottery (see text).\n\nEPIMIOLITHS.\n\nWe now come to the most interesting (archæologically) finds of all: but we can as yet say but little about them by way of explanation of context, use and culture. We find them on all our Hong Kong sites (or rather on the ones I personally know-they occur also on many of those known to my colleagues in this study). On the Lamma sites, at Aberdeen, Stanley and one other site, I have found them in the ground where the rougher corded ware was plentiful or characteristically present.\n\nIt must here be noted that “Double-F” is rare outside Lamma. Aberdeen yielded one piece of an older type of the D--F. ware with some fragments of another ware that is found typically at HSY: Stanley only one small fragment of a ware cognate to the \"Double-F.\" In one case below, figure I, the \"epimiolith\" was found with a neatly packed group of half a dozen clam shells and a piece of deer-antler and all amid a group of pottery, the objects seemingly having been originally inside a black pot of the gritty quartz-tempered corded type. This find was made before the excavations of 1933.\n\nHowever, every place which has yielded these implements has also given rough types of pottery, usually the black and the red corded wares showing much quartz in the paste. This is especially true of a Stanley site where on a low hill well out of reach of any wave disturbance a thin layer of humus, about one foot deep over the natural mantle of de-composed rock, still contains this type of pottery while, lower down at the base of the hill, evidently weathered out and carried down by erosion in typical fresh water gravel, some very good \"epimioliths\" were found. Thus they would belong to a period using already pottery of the usual neolithic type: on the same hill (both on the top and at the base), neolithic polished stone adzes (stepped and rectangular) were found.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-554-6 Hong Kong University- 1. Appointment of Dr. Chen Shas Yi as head of Chinese Department... 18-3-1935 - 28-10-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 549170, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-554-6 Hong Kong University- 1. Appointment of Dr. Chen Shas Yi as head of Chinese Department... 18-3-1935 - 28-10-1935", "page_number": 78, "title": "CO129-554-6 Hong Kong University- 1. Appointment of Dr. Chen Shas Yi as head of Chinese Department... 18-3-1935 - 28-10-1935", "content_text": "79\n\n[148]\n\nNOTES AND COMMENTS.\n\nORNITHOLOGY\n\nOne new record for this journal.\n\nINCE'S PARADISE FLYCATCHER (Tchitrea incei D. & O.).\n\nNest with four young birds found on May 26, built in a very large tree near Chung Kok, about the 8½ milestone on the Castle Peak Road. The parent birds were very wild remaining among the topmost branches while the nest was being examined. As we did not know what they were then two of the young birds were taken.\n\nThe young is entirely different from the adult being almost all brown with the exception of the breast which is more or less of a dirty white, the young male having a dark streak extending along the breast-bone. The neck is scarcely perceptible although the bird was fully fledged. The neck was also bare of feathers making it resemble a vulture when the neck was extended during feeding. They were fed with various insects and scraps of raw meat and thrived.\n\nWhile yet unable to pick up food from the cup the birds were adepts at catching flies on the wing.\n\nAt about 5 weeks old and without any previous indications the brown head feathers were discarded and next morning I was surprised to see the whole crown covered with a dark bluish-black coat. The head feathers grew longer day by day and developed into an occipital crest in the male.\n\nThere is also a slight semblance of a beard when the bird is alarmed or angered. After this they commenced to discard the whitish feathers of the breast and within a fortnight had there an ashy-grey coat, the grey in the case of the male being prominently darker. During this interval the tail had grown as long as the body. The male bird tries very hard to sing and produces queer, confused, hollow sounds.\n\nWhen the locality was next visited the two remaining birds had flown. I collected the nest which is cup-shaped and composed of rootlets, grasses and twigs. The outside was carefully wrapped with strips of bark, not unlike rough hemp, and pasted with mosses and bits of decayed leaves.\n\nR. A. P.\n\nA DAY WITH BIRDS AMONG THE ISLANDS.\n\nThe larger islands off the mainland of the southern China coast offer an interesting study of birds throughout the winter. As spring lengthens the plumage of certain of the plovers changes and the birds manifest a certain\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-554-6 Hong Kong University- 1. Appointment of Dr. Chen Shas Yi as head of Chinese Department... 18-3-1935 - 28-10-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 549281, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-554-9 Buildings Ordinance 1935 15-4-1935 - 15-4-1935", "page_number": 9, "title": "CO129-554-9 Buildings Ordinance 1935 15-4-1935 - 15-4-1935", "content_text": "General Index,—Continued.\n\nG.\n\nSECTION\n\nGOVERNMENT Buildings\n\n2\n\nGOVERNOR IN COUNCIL, Appeal to\n\nEmpowered to state case for\n\n161\n\nFull Court\n\n162\n\nOrders of\n\n163\n\n31-33\n\nGROUND Floors and Surfaces\n\nH.\n\nHABITATION; Space prohibited for\n\nHEARTHS;\n\nHILL-DISTRICT; Interpretation of\n\nHILL-SIDE; Interpretation of\n\nHOARDINGS;\n\nHOLLOW-WALLS\n\nHOODS; for fire-places\n\nStair\n\nHOOP-IRON Bond\n\nI.\n\n41\n\n68\n\n11\n\n+852\n\n4 (22)\n\n4 (21)\n\n28\n\n67\n\n21\n\n29\n\nIMPERMEABLE FLOORS; INFLAMMABLE STRUCTURES;\n\nK.\n\nKITCHENS; Height of\n\nGround surface of\n\nLimitation of extent of\n\nTo be provided\n\nKOWLOON-POINT District\n\n31, 32\n\n121 Schedule L.\n\n81,\n\n39, 40 (4)\n\n32\n\n65\n\n64\n\n4 (23)\n\n7:10\n\nLANES;\n\nL.\n\nLATH and Plaster Partitions\n\nLATRINES; Interpretation of\n\nGeneral requirements\n\nHeight of\n\nThickness of walls\n\nLIABILITY, of Government Officers\n\nLIFTS and Lift Shafts\n\nLIME-Mortar\n\nLINTELS;\n\nMANDAMUS;\n\nMATSHEDS;\n\n82, 84\n\n28\n\n4 (24)\n\n94-101\n\n39, 40.(5)\n\n21\n\n168 & 169\n\n44\n\n16\n\n30\n\nM.\n\n161\n\n121 Schedule L.\n\n4 (27), 7-10\n\n160, 164, 165\n\nRegulations\n\nMID-LEVEL DISTRICT\n\nMODIFICATIONS\n\nN.\n\nNEW BUILDING; Interpretation of\n\nNEW Kowloon, Interpretation of\n\nApplication of Ordinance to.\n\nNEW TERRITORIES, Interpretation of...\n\nApplication of Ordinance to.\n\nNOTICES; Dangerous Buildings\n\nto commence work\n\nservice of\n\n4 (28) Interpretation Ordinance No. 31 of 1911\n\n167\n\nInterpretation Ordinance No. 31 of 1911\n\n167\n\n118\n\n6\n\nSchedule A.\n\n132\n\n9", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-554-9 Buildings Ordinance 1935 15-4-1935 - 15-4-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 549283, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-554-9 Buildings Ordinance 1935 15-4-1935 - 15-4-1935", "page_number": 11, "title": "CO129-554-9 Buildings Ordinance 1935 15-4-1935 - 15-4-1935", "content_text": "5\n\nGeneral Index,-Continued.\n\nS,—Continued.\n\nSTONES; Removal of\n\nSTOREY; Interpretation of\n\nHeight of\n\nSTORM WATER-CHANNELS\n\nSTOVES; Floor under\n\nSTREET, Interpretation of\n\nWidth of\n\nPrivate\n\nSTRUCTURES; Inflammable\n\nParty\n\nSECTION\n\n123\n\n4 (39)\n\n17 (proviso 3)\n\n39, 40\n\n110-113\n\n68\n\n4 (40) and 82 (8)\n\n62\n\n89\n\n122\n\nSchedule M.\n\n4 (33)\n\nT.\n\nTENANCY CONTRACTS\n\nTENANT, Interpretation of\n\nTENEMENT, Interpretation of\n\nTIE RODS\n\nTIMBER STORES\n\nTYPE-PLANS\n\nTYPES of ARCHITECTURE\n\n3\n\n4 (41)\n\n4 (42)\n\n19 (3)\n\n115\n\n167 (3)\n\n7-10\n\nV.\n\nVENTILATION, of Buildings\n\nunder floors\n\nVERANDAH, Interpretation of\n\nObstruction in\n\nRegulations\n\nRules as to\n\nW.\n\nWALLS: Interpretation of\n\nCross\n\nExternal\n\nMain\n\nPartition\n\nParty\n\nBlue bricks\n\nBonding of\n\nBoundary or fence\n\nCross\n\nDamp-proof courses for\n\nExternal\n\nFoundations for\n\nHollow\n\nHoop iron courses for\n\nLath and plaster\n\nLimitation of length of\n\nMaterials for\n\nMortar for\n\nPartition\n\nParty\n\nRetaining\n\n74\n\n36\n\n4 (43)\n\n63\n\nSchedules E & G.\n\n58-61\n\n4 (44)\n\n4 (18)\n\n4 (18)\n\n4 (26)\n\n4 (32)\n\n4 (34)\n\n16\n\n29\n\n25\n\n19, 20\n\n22\n\n17, 19 (3)\n\n23\n\n28\n\n29\n\n28\n\n19\n\n12\n\n16\n\n21\n\n26, 134-138\n\n24\n\n19 (3)\n\nTie-rods for\n\nWATER-CLOSETS\n\nWEEP-HOLES\n\nWELLS,\n\nWINDOWS, Interpretation of\n\nObstruction to\n\nRequired\n\nWOOD Plates\n\nWOOD-work near flues\n\nWOODEN Buildings\n\nFloors\n\nWORKS, Interpretation of\n\nNotice of intention to commence...\n\n94-100\n\nSchedule J.\n\n24\n\n114\n\n4 (46)\n\n73, 74, 77\n\n78\n\n53\n\n54\n\n15\n\nSchedule L.\n\n37\n\n4 (10), 4 (47)\n\nSchedule A.\n\n11", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-554-9 Buildings Ordinance 1935 15-4-1935 - 15-4-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 549310, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-554-9 Buildings Ordinance 1935 15-4-1935 - 15-4-1935", "page_number": 38, "title": "CO129-554-9 Buildings Ordinance 1935 15-4-1935 - 15-4-1935", "content_text": "42\n\nOpenings\n\nand recesses\n\nto be arched or spanned.\n\nLath and\n\nplaster walls prohibited.\n\nBonding of\n\nwalls of domestic buildings.\n\n16\n\n(5) Every opening and every recess in any wall shall either be arched over with brick or stone-work in cement-mortar or spanned by a steel girder or ferro-concrete beam of such dimensions and construction as the Building Authority may consider necessary for the support of the superincumbent weight.\n\n28. No lath and plaster wall, or other hollow wall, shall be hereafter constructed in any building except with the permission of the Building Authority as signified by the approval of the plan required under the provisions of this Ordinance.\n\nBonding for the walls of domestic buildings.\n\n29. Every building hereafter erected shall have courses of hoop-iron, tarred and sanded, or other suitable bonding, built into the main walls at the level of the foundations, if required by the Building Authority, and at the level of each floor and at the level of the eaves. Each such course shall consist of not less than three bands in the case of foundations and of all walls of a thickness of not less than eighteen inches, and of not less than two bands in the case of all walls of a less thickness than eighteen inches; each hoop-iron band shall measure not less than one inch and a quarter in width, and not less than one-thirty-second of an inch in thickness, and such bands shall be continuous and lap-jointed wherever practicable. In any case in which continuous bands are not practicable they shall be arranged as the Building Authority may require.\n\nBearings of\n\nbressummers and lintels.\n\nImpermeable floors to be provided.\n\n[cf. s. 167.]\n\nBressummers and lintels.\n\n30. Every joist, bressummer and lintel shall be of sufficient strength and rest upon a template of cement concrete or stone laid in cement mortar and shall have a bearing of not less than the depth of the member.\n\nConcreting of ground surfaces.\n\n31. (1) The ground surface of the lowermost storey or where there is a space below such storey then the ground surface of such space, of every building and the floor of every kitchen, bathroom, latrine, and water closet and the ground surface of every area, backyard, court-yard, alley-way or space on which slops may be thrown or from which foul waters flow, shall be properly covered over with a layer of good lime concrete not less than four inches thick finished off smooth with not less than two inches of cement concrete or hard glazed bricks or granite paving or glazed tiles bedded and jointed in cement mortar or with not less than four inches of cement concrete or with such other material as may be approved by the Building Authority. For the purposes of this section the cement concrete shall be composed of one part of cement, two parts of sand and four parts of stone broken to pass a one inch ring for interior surfaces and one part of cement, three parts of sand and five parts of stone broken to pass a one inch ring for exterior surfaces.\n\n(2) The ground surface of every area, kitchen, latrine, water closet, backyard, court-yard, alley-way or space on which slops may be thrown, shall have a fall of not less than 1 in 40 from the walls of the building towards the surface channel or other outlet for the drainage of such surface.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-554-9 Buildings Ordinance 1935 15-4-1935 - 15-4-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 552471, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-559-4 Quarantine and Prevention of Disease Ordinance 1936 4-2-1936 - 4-2-1936", "page_number": 26, "title": "CO129-559-4 Quarantine and Prevention of Disease Ordinance 1936 4-2-1936 - 4-2-1936", "content_text": "## Disinfection \n\nof infected vehicles. \n\nDisinfection of houses requisitioned for hospitals. \n\nDisinfection or closing \nof dangerous wells. \n\nTemporary closure of buildings after removal \nof case. \n\n28 \n\n### 97. \nAll such carts and other vehicles as a Health Officer shall use for the transport of infected persons or of things likely to spread infectious disease shall be thoroughly disinfected by the Health Officer before being returned to their owners.\n\n### 98. \nWhen any building or place which has been entered on and occupied under the provisions of section 88 is vacated, the Health Officer concerned shall be bound at the cost of Government to cleanse and disinfect the said building or place, and if a building, and if he is so required to do, to whitewash it both internally and externally immediately after vacating it.\n\n### 99. \nIn any case where a Health Officer shall certify in writing that it is necessary as a precaution against the introduction of disease in any place that any well should be filled up, cleansed, or disinfected, he may by written order require the owner or occupier of the house or land wherein such well is situated to fill up, cleanse, or disinfect such well within a reasonable time to be specified in the order, and such owner or occupier shall fill up, cleanse, or disinfect such well accordingly.\n\n### 100.-(1) \nIf, in the opinion of a Health Officer, it is necessary in the interests of the public health that the persons residing in a building or part of a building which is infected shall be removed, he may direct that such building or part thereof shall be temporarily closed for such time as is necessary to secure its thorough disinfection and the disinfection or destruction of all infected articles contained therein, and it shall not be lawful for any person to reoccupy such building or part thereof until it has been thoroughly cleansed and disinfected as aforesaid.\n\n(2) Such cleansing and disinfection may, with the approval of such Health Officer, be done in whole or in part by the inmates or by persons engaged by them; and further, if in the opinion of such Health Officer it is necessary for the thorough purification and disinfection of such premises to take down any lath and plaster or other hollow partition wall or any partition, screen, panelling, wainscotting, skirting, stair-lining, ceiling, or other similar structure or any fittings or any portion of such wall, structure, or fitting, the Health Officer shall forthwith have the same taken down, and, if he considers their removal from the premises or the destruction thereof or both to be necessary in the interests of the public health, he shall forthwith cause the same to be removed from the premises or destroyed or both.\n\n(3) Such destruction shall be carried out with such precautions and in such manner as such Health Officer may deem proper, and compensation for such removal or destruction shall be given by the Governor unless it is proved that the wall, structure, or fitting removed or destroyed had been unlawfully erected or maintained.\n\n(4) Such compensation shall be calculated so as to cover the cost of making good the portions of the building damaged by such removal, including the limewashing of any exposed surface and the rebuilding of any necessary wall in materials approved by the Governor, but no compensation shall be payable for any loss of rent or deterioration in the value of the property occasioned or alleged to be occasioned by the operation of these provisions.\n\n7", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-559-4 Quarantine and Prevention of Disease Ordinance 1936 4-2-1936 - 4-2-1936.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 567095, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-7 Sino-Japanese War- shipping on Pearl River 4-1-1939 - 9-6-1939", "page_number": 51, "title": "CO129-579-7 Sino-Japanese War- shipping on Pearl River 4-1-1939 - 9-6-1939", "content_text": "雞麗機\n\n3..\n\n51\n\n2\n\nfr 4ch of Fa\n\nint him fear the intonation...\n\nNo. 1510\n\nat\n\nみな\n\nnto or\n\n秘\n\norolano a hollow for\n\nmotifying tness tas prat, and t100\n\nim. Crownld\n\nrin\n\niy Color to\n\n蔬菜雞\n\nyo to iurars the Hun Thu f\n\nI\n\na soith nor\n\n: \n\n知道你出訪者an 娃 冰慈 差距\n\n1\n\nな", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-7 Sino-Japanese War- shipping on Pearl River 4-1-1939 - 9-6-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575455, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 97, "title": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "In any case, it should not be too difficult for future escapes to be reported, by the British Camp Authorities, as having died from dysentery.\n\nLee was successfully contacted at \"A\" at about 2000. We all had piled into the bottom of the sampan by 2030, the sampan then containing, with its crew, six people (the maximum number for its size, an obvious limitation on the number of future escaping parties).\n\nThere were searchlights playing from the Hong Kong side, but these did not appear to be in the nature of a definite search; otherwise it was quite dark, the moon being due about 0200 on the following morning, and only the phosphorescence betrayed any movement. I gather, however, that there is now a possibility that KOWLOON will be reasonably well-lit.\n\nWe disembarked in about 20/30 minutes at a point which seemed to be a berthing place for sampans, hurried across the Castle Peak Road, and then scrambled up the hill-side making for the newly improved Reservoir (TAIPO) Road above.\n\nOur night observations had shown that there was almost continuous motor traffic on this road, chiefly away from KOWLOON and so more care was needed here. The plan adopted was to wait in a hollow on the camp side of the road until a truck had passed to light up the road and then dart across, singly, soon after. This was done by about 2230. Then began a cross-hill hike in the general direction of KAI TAK with the camp's boundary lights still visible below us.\n\nThis was carried on, with only short intervals of rest, until dawn of 10th January, 1942. We were practically above KAI TAK aerodrome some little time after dawn.\n\nThe rest of the day was spent in rain, drizzle or fog, and we met no one since we avoided anything like a main road and kept to the almost invisible hill paths. Chinese help seems almost imperative for this kind of work, and Lee was particularly good in picking up these paths.\n\nMany pill-boxes were passed en route, some damaged, but the majority intact apart from apparent looting. These then contained plenty of .303 ammunition but no food. Night found us completely lost in a mist on the top of a hill with a village below us. Colonel Ride's map was too small a scale to be of very definite help and a larger scale map with pill-box numbers on it would have been of incalculable help since these reference numbers would have helped us to fix our position accurately.\n\n11th January, 1942.\n\nWith moonrise and the dissipation of the mist we stumbled down a ravine to the village arriving just at dawn. Ride, Morley and I went into hiding near the village and Lee went to the village to get information.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575770, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 122, "title": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "for Volunteer Chinese. In these classes CHAN states \"they attempt to disturb our minds and our enemy action towards the Japanese\". It is explained to them that their present condition is merely to teach them the right way to think, and to make them realize the faults they committed and their unworthy sacrifices in going to war with Japan. If they realise this, sometime in 1943 they will be given an opportunity to swear allegiance to the Japanese and will be given more freedom.\n\nThey are warned that trying to escape is equal to committing suicide.\n\nThe Indian Volunteers receive their lecture on Fridays and Mr. Ruttonjee Senior has been seen at these meetings.\n\nThe Eurasians also receive enlightenment, but separately.\n\nSo far **NOT ONE VOLUNTEER** of any race has been converted. CHAN does not know what they tell the others; they do not discuss it amongst themselves; one day he asked an Indian friend what they had been having and the reply he got was \"Oh just the usual b.s.\"\n\nPrivates and Gunners are paid 3 M.Y. a month; Sgts 5 M.Y.\n\nWhen the money is paid Indians invariably come around and offer cigarettes and take the money. CHAN says they daren't refuse or they would be beaten. Indians often purposely drop the cigarettes and beat the prisoners when they bend down to pick them up.\n\nOne Chinese festival day in April or May all the Volunteers, British, Chinese and Portuguese, Officers and men were taken on to the parade ground and formed up just as they used to be for the General's inspection (hollow square formation). A man whom we call \"Big Bull\" — this is LO KUK-WO (Sir Robert Kotewall) — came with some Japanese Officers. We were each given two Ruby Queen cigarettes and he addressed us in Mandarin. The gist of his speech was as follows:\n\n121\n\nHe", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 583067, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-596-6 Hong Kong University- Apprenticeship scheme 11-5-1949 - 8-8-1949", "page_number": 17, "title": "CO129-596-6 Hong Kong University- Apprenticeship scheme 11-5-1949 - 8-8-1949", "content_text": "# From the Secretary of State for the Colonies\n## To the Officer Administering the Government of HONG KONG\n### October, 1948\n#### Date 30th\n##### NO. 1100 SAVING\n\nYour Savings No. 280 and 289 of 20th and 24th April. Following from Director of Colonial Scholars.\n\nWU MAN HON and WOO KAI YI Industries Scholars.\n\nThe Federation of British Industries have made arrangements for persons named to be attached for training as follows;\n\n### WU MAN HON\nJoseph Sankey and Sons, Ltd., Bilston, Staffs.\n\nThe business of this company is the rolling of steel sheets principally high silicon steel sheets for use in the electrical trades; the manufacture of pressings for the electrical and radio trades; the manufacture of hollow-ware and kitchen utensils; trailers and pressings such as wheels, wings, etc. for the automobile and agricultural tractor and trailer trades; steel furniture and house fittings and motor-car chassis frames.\n\nInstruction is offered in all processes in the above business, including the production and design of jigs, fixtures, press tools and fabrication processes for sheet metal.\n\nThe course recommended is for a period of two years and the firm is prepared to pay Mr. Wu at the rate of £209 p.a.\n\n### WOO KAI YI\nMessrs. Dorman and Co, Ltd., Stafford.\n\nThis firm manufacture Diesel and petrol engines and can provide training in:\n| Training Area | Duration |\n| --- | --- |\n| General Foundry and Pattern Shop Practice | 6 months |\n| General Machine Shop Practice | 6 months |\n| Assembly, Erecting, Tests and Repairs | 12 months |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-596-6 Hong Kong University- Apprenticeship scheme 11-5-1949 - 8-8-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 584078, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-598-3 Tai Lam Chung Reservoir Project 17-3-1949 - 7-10-1949", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-598-3 Tai Lam Chung Reservoir Project 17-3-1949 - 7-10-1949", "content_text": "## 12 IN HK.\n\nno. 1135 (dyr.m 53652/48)... 24.8.48\n\nMr. Wallace (through I. Calman)\n\nDraft herewith. We agreed that we should leave detailed consideration of finance, in this and one or two other cases, to be taken up in one compendious despatch such as we told the Governor we should be sending him in our telegram approving the Estimates.\n\n14.9.1949.\n\n1. Please see my minute of 19/1, which sets out the position reached then in considering the Tai Lam Chung Reservoir project, and the succeeding minutes by Mr. Bourdillon, Mr. Sidebotham and Sir Charles Jeffries. It will be seen that there was general agreement that the Governor had made out his case that the Tai Lam Chung project was the only satisfactory one for adequately increasing the Colony's water supply and that it ought to be pursued. It was however recognised that there would be great difficulty in securing financial assistance from this country. As to raising money locally, we had been told by the Governor that only bearer bonds had any appeal to the Chinese, and the Treasury and Bank of England had raised exchange control objections to these. We therefore delayed replying about Tai Lam Chung while we took up the bearer bond question with the Treasury. After a long struggle, the Treasury and Bank of England yielded to a large extent, and we were able to send to Hong Kong a modified \"all clear\" about bearer bonds (copy at `10`). A despatch to Hong Kong approving the Tai Lam Chung project in principle now becomes not quite such a hollow mockery as it would have been before. The financial difficulties are however still very great and have of course been made worse by the heavy expenditure on the recent reinforcement of the garrison towards which Hong Kong must be asked at least to consider contributing. In his despatch forwarding the 1949/50 Estimates, the Governor raised the question of a future loan on the London market (in connection, inter alia, with the Tai Lam Chung project) and, in approving the Estimates, promised a further communication on this question of a London loan and on the Colony's finances generally. (See copy at `12`). This is pending - consideration of the cost of the reinforcements of course comes into the question. The draft postpones further discussion on the difficulties of financing the Tai Lam Chung project to this further communication on the Colony's general finances.\n\n2. I have somewhat re-cast the draft. This is an important despatch, and I think a brief introductory recapitulation is desirable. A further point is that, whereas when we were considering this matter earlier, the chief practical difficulty to getting on with the job (once approval in principle had been given) appeared to be finance, there is at the moment another, viz., that the Colony is swarming with military reinforcements settling in, and its resources in men and material are bent towards getting...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-598-3 Tai Lam Chung Reservoir Project 17-3-1949 - 7-10-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 598745, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-626-3 Labour Department- report to Labour Commissioner 1-3-1951 - 30-6-1952", "page_number": 180, "title": "CO129-626-3 Labour Department- report to Labour Commissioner 1-3-1951 - 30-6-1952", "content_text": "APPENDIX 12\n\nList of Industries in Hong Kong carried on\n\nin Factories registered under the Factories & Workshops Ordinance, 1937.\n\nDefinitions under the Factories and Workshops Ordinance, 1937, are as follows:\n\n\"Factory\" means any premises or place wherein or within the close or curtilage or premises of which any machinery other than machinery worked entirely by hand is used in aid of any industrial undertaking carried on in such premises or place.\n\n\"Workshop\" means any premises or place other than a factory wherein or within the close or curtilage or precincts of which any manual labour is exercised by way of trade or for the purpose of gain in or incidental to making any article or part of any article or altering, repairing, ornamenting or finishing or adapting for sale any article.\n\nProvided either\n\n(a) That at least 20 persons are employed in manual labour in the said premises or in the close curtilage or precincts thereof; or\n\n(b) That notwithstanding that the number of persons\n\nemployed in manual labour in the said premises (including the precincts thereof) is less than 20, the process, trade or occupation carried on therein involves\n\n(i) The use of petrol or any inflammable\n\nliquid declared to be dangerous goods in any regulation made under the Dangerous Goods Ordinance 1873 or of any mixture containing such liquid;\n\n(ii) The use of coal gas.\n\nAbacus\n\nor\n\nAerated Waters, Coca Cola Bottling, Fruit Juices\n\nAircraft repairs\n\nAluminium Wares, Hollow and Casts\n\nBakelite Wares\n\nBattery Hand Torch\n\nBean Curd\n\nBiscuits and Confectionery\n\nBicycle inner tubes\n\nBleaching Powder\n\nBone Grinding (Fertilizer)\n\nBrass Foundry & Rolling\n\nBrass Wire Gauze Weaving\n\nBrewery\n\nBrick Works\n\nBrushes\n\nBuses repairs\n\nButtons\n\nCable and Wireless\n\n169\n\nPage 180\n\nPage 181", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-626-3 Labour Department- report to Labour Commissioner 1-3-1951 - 30-6-1952.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 598746, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-626-3 Labour Department- report to Labour Commissioner 1-3-1951 - 30-6-1952", "page_number": 181, "title": "CO129-626-3 Labour Department- report to Labour Commissioner 1-3-1951 - 30-6-1952", "content_text": "Appendix 12 (cont'd.)\n\nCamphor (Oil and Powder) refining & blocking\n\nCamphor Wood Trunks\n\nCandles\n\nCanned Goods\n\n170\n\nCassia Sorting\n\nCement Blocks, precast for building\n\n4\n\nhollow bricks etc.\n\nCement Tiles\n\nCement Works\n\nChalk, for use mainly in enamelling\n\nChemicals, Sulphuric, Hydrochloric, Nitric Acids,\n\nOxygen, Acetylene.\n\nCloth Calendering\n\nCold Storage\n\nConfectionery & Candies\n\nConstruction Works\n\nCork for crown stoppers\n\nCotton (Teasing), Chinese quilts and padded clothing\n\nCotton Mills\n\nCutlery\n\nDairy, including pasteurizing\n\nDrinking Straws\n\nDyeing\n\nDye Stuffs\n\nEgg Powder Manufacture\n\nElectrical Appliances\n\nElectric Bulbs (for torches)\n\nElectric Light & Power\n\nElectro Plating, Gold, Silver, Chromium, Nickel.\n\nEmbroidery, pin point tapestry\n\nEnamel Wares\n\nEngineering, Diesel engines, printing, textile machinery, power presses, milling machines, etc.\n\nFace Powder\n\nFeathers (sorting)\n\nFibre Case\n\nFire Crackers\n\nFire Extinguishers (Approved by B.O.T.)\n\nFishing Nets\n\nFlour and Rice Mills\n\nFoundry, Iron, Brass, Aluminium (shoe lasts)\n\nFruits, Preserving & Canning\n\nFurniture, Rattan, wood and steel\n\nGarments and Shirts\n\nGas\n\nGinger (Preserved)\n\nGlass\n\nGlue & Gelatine", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-626-3 Labour Department- report to Labour Commissioner 1-3-1951 - 30-6-1952.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]