[ { "id": 290571, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-162 - Sir Kennedy - 1873 [1-3]", "page_number": 212, "title": "CO129-162 - Sir Kennedy - 1873 [1-3]", "content_text": "208\n\nof water is collected at the spot marked \"levelly Tank\". Amount never gauged.\n\n5th The Ravine at Glenealy, the water here is intercepted and applied to the general service as will be seen on plan.\n\nQuantity never gauged.\n\n6th The Military Mullah. This supplies water to the Barracks with a branch used in Summer to the Gardens. At the end of dry weather this stream is very low. It derives its name from the fact that the principal object in its erection was to supply the then Colonial Mint.\n\n1074\n\nA pipe from a small tank in Ravine on the East side of Causeway Bay. This supplies the shipping in the Harbour almost entirely.\n\nWith the exception of 5 & 8 these smaller supplies are of no great importance but it is much to be regretted that no accurate information exists as to the quantity of water obtainable from each of these sources (except the first) during the different months of the year.\n\n8th Wong-nei Chung. The stream down this Valley drains a considerable area and about 15,000 gallons has been thrown across the Ravine. It will be seen that this supply is important for the East end of the City.\n\n9th The Mint dam, situated in a Ravine in the extreme East, the water coming from it is chiefly consumed by the Distillery and Sugar Manufactory at East Point.\n\nHow the supply now obtained is distributed will be readily seen from the accompanying plan of the City showing the Mains.\n\nThe principal supply is given from a Service Reservoir built in stone and arched over (No. 2 on plan). There are other smaller service tanks on the other...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-162 - Sir Kennedy - 1873 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 298433, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]", "page_number": 357, "title": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]", "content_text": "We see extensive deposits constantly forming in front of the Happy Valley and entailing periodically a large outlay in their removal by the dredging of the Bowrington Canal. Again, abreast of the Wanchai Gap Valley and along the foreshore near No. 2 Police Station the same thing is occurring, and it was but last year that the Government was compelled to project an artificial and unsightly reclamation beyond the line of the Praya Wall in order to save the Wanchai Sewers from getting choked by sud. Next in order of succession come the Magazine Nullah and the subject of the Commanding Royal Engineer's Memorandum, , the Albany Nullah and its water-shed, forming no exception to the general rule.\n\nOne quarter of a mile to the West again, follows the Glenealy Valley the rain-drainage of which is carried to the sea under the City by means of a great stone sewer through which have passed and are passing hundreds of tons of sand, a large portion of which has to be removed periodically to prevent the sewer outlets from becoming buried in it. Still further to the West follow four parallel water-sheds with smaller drainage areas, but which nevertheless pour out year after year huge masses of silt along the sea in front of the Chinese districts. Last but not least at the extreme Western suburb, and near the Gas Works, the Shek-tong-Tsui stream rolls out into the Bay so large an amount of mud and débris as to have already formed a spit or tongue projecting to a considerable distance beyond its mouth, and which as regards growth and dimensions is only equalled by the deposits at Bowrington.\n\n9. It is certain therefore that a far more anxious question than the silting up of the Albany Nullah mouth, no less a one than the rapid shoaling of the entire water-frontage of Victoria awaits solution at the hands of the Imperial and the Island Governments. That this shoaling is going on in a very sure and steady manner is a fact which unfortunately can admit of no possible doubt, for above low water mark the evidence of one's own senses, and below low water mark, the soundings which have been periodically taken off the Praya Wall too clearly indicate its uninterrupted progress.\n\n10. Along the western half of the City where land is very valuable, the difficulty, which is by no means a new one, has always been met and overcome, and will always continue to be successfully overcome by the periodical construction of a new breast wall out in deeper water, and by the artificial conversion of the sea behind it into dry land, which is bought with avidity for building purposes and at a Crown rental sufficiently high eventually to reimburse the Government for a considerable portion of the outlay entailed.\n\n11. In the eastern half of the City, along the Bowrington and Wanchai districts, it is otherwise. There, the shoaling extends very much further out from the shore owing to the configuration of the latter and to the inaction of the tides. Consequently a new sea wall, if built in moderately deep water, would have to be placed at a very great distance out from the present shore, and the area to be reclaimed behind it would be so enormous as to render the undertaking a very serious one, especially as it is very doubtful whether any body could be found to purchase the new ground after it was made. The present Sea Wall and Praya roadway along these districts were built in 1859, during SIR JOHN BOWRING'S administration. The reclamation extended from the Military Arsenal to East Point a distance of one mile, and it is said that for a few years after its completion, junks and small craft were able to moor alongside and make fast to the wall. To-day however, except in a few places, this same wall is inaccessible at low water spring tides even to the smallest rowing skiff, and during extraordinarily low springs it is seen to be fringed by a foreshore over the greater part of which one may walk dryshod.\n\nPage 356\n\n12. In the central District, a large portion of the waterside is the property of the Naval and Military Departments, and it has fared no better. The sea is receding, and Her Majesty's Naval Yard, which a few years ago had an approach sufficiently deep for gunboats to lie at the head of the Admiralty Pier while refitting, will be eventually left high and dry. Nothing different could have been foreseen by either of the Imperial Departments when years ago they selected the sites for their waterside premises, and it is not to be wondered that the approaches to the same should now be found shallowed when it is borne in mind that Colonial lands parcelled out at the same time into Marine Lots have long since passed into the category of Inland Lots, and that the new properties built out into the sea which caused this change have again in their turn, after a short existence as Marine Lots, been subjected to the same change of classification by fresh reclamations in their front.\n\n13. It has been necessary to review the question generally, before adverting specially to the individual case of the Albany Stream, in order to show that the evils complained of in the Commanding Royal Engineer's Memorandum are not restricted solely to the neighbourhood of the Military reservations. And in regard to this Albany Stream, I have the honour, with all due deference, to submit that although its silting may entirely originate as stated in paragraph 5 of the Memorandum, on the hill sides which are Colonial Government property, the cause is as completely beyond the control of the Colonial Government as it is beyond that of the War Department and its Officers; nor can it be possible to hold the former even partially responsible for the silting of the stream, as inferred by the tenour of the Commanding Royal Engineer's Memorandum, any more than it can be made answerable for the physical configuration of the Island, for its latitude and longitude, for its rainfall, for the geological inability of its surface to withstand meteorological influences, or for any other natural cause whatsoever.\n\n14. Nor am I prepared, after very careful investigation, to acquiesce in the correctness of the statement made in paragraph 4 of the Memorandum, to the effect that the obstruction at the mouth of the stream has been caused by the rubbish tipped into it at the Roman Catholic Chapel by the public at large. Before the Typhoon of September, 1874, this abuse never existed at all, for the man in charge of the Chapel was always on the alert to prevent it. After the Typhoon when the Chapel became a ruin, it is true that some people threw broken tiles and brickbats in its vicinity, but these attracting the notice of the Police a stop was put to the irregularity. Since then Police notice boards strictly forbidding persons to shoot rubbish anywhere in the vicinity have been posted, nevertheless in spite of these and the vigilance of the Inspectors of Nuisances it is quite true that on several occasions people have been detected committing the same offence. I would however point out that such cases have been rare, and there can be no doubt that on this point the Commanding Royal Engineer must surely have been misinformed. I am told that the servants of one of the War Department tenants who keeps a large livery Stable and Dairy on Ordnance Land used to be seen throwing rubbish into the watercourse, this however the Police could not well have prevented as they do not patrol military grounds. But whatever abuses of this kind may have occurred, they could not to any extent appreciable by the eye, have aided in or contributed to the great operations of Nature which have been described in regard to other streams and which are the true causes of the present condition of the Albany Nullah.\n\n15. For these operations of Nature, Nature alone is responsible, and it should not be sought by proclaiming the ownership of the ground on which they occur, to lay at the door of a sister service, evils which each of the Departments has in its turn, at one time or another, had to combat single-handed and from its own resources, and to which all three alike became liable to be exposed when Her Majesty's Government assumed possession of this Island with all its physical peculiarities and drawbacks.\n\n16. It is clear from the Commanding Royal Engineer's Memorandum that the condition of the Nullah has become as serious a matter for consideration by the ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 332437, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-229 - Acting Governor Marsh & Public Offices - 1886 [11-12]", "page_number": 420, "title": "CO129-229 - Acting Governor Marsh & Public Offices - 1886 [11-12]", "content_text": "of 15th July, 1886.\n\nRepairing damages to Peel Street,\n\nDo.\n\ndo.\n\nAlbert Road,\n\nDo.\n\ndo.\n\nCentre Street,\n\nDo.\n\ndo.\n\nNew East Street,\n\nDo.\n\ndo.\n\nRobinson Road,\n\nDo.\n\ndo.\n\nSquare Street,\n\nDo.\n\ndo.\n\nGap Street,\n\nDo.\n\ndo.\n\nTank Lane,\n\nDo.\n\ndo.\n\nPo Yan Street,\n\nDo.\n\ndo.\n\nDo.\n\ndo.\n\nDo.\n\ndo.\n\nDo.\n\ndo.\n\nCastle Road, Ilospital Rond, Arbuthnot Road, Glenealy Path,\n\nWestern Street,\n\nThird Street,\n\nThe detailed List of these Storm damages is annexed:-\n\nSchedule of expenses incurred in making good the damages caused by the rain-storm\n\n $ 141.16\n 417\n 17.08C 0.268.00290.26\n $35.751 326\n '54.16\n $59.80\n 61.66\n 164.6724 JAN J7\n 106.66-\n 33.33\n 25.00\n 66.00\n 82.16\n 94.16\n Lower Albert Road,96.33\n Do. do.First Street,99.00\n Do. do,Queen's Road,141.66\n Do. do.Elgin and Stanton Streets,154.00\n Do. do.Triangle Street,231.24\n Do. do.Western Nullah Road,220.63\n Do. do.Belcher's and Davis Streets,\n Do. do.Road adjoining Glass Works,315.92\n Retaining wall near Rope Works,99.00\n Do. do.Centre Street Sewer,331.16\n Do.Drains Pokfulam Road,28.67\n Do. do.a portion of Peak Road,143.00\n Do. do.Caroline Hill Road,468.00\n Do. do.Causeway Bay Road,455.80\n Do. do.Smithfield Street Sewer,\n Do. do.Catchwaters at Kennedy Town,138.66\n 150.00\n Removing landslips along Robinson Road,84.66\n Do. do.Garden Road,190.00\n Do. do.Peak Roads,160.33\n Do. do.Kennedy Road,\n Do. do.\n Do. do.\n Do. do.Shaukiwan Road, Stanley Road,\n Aberdeen Road,1,179.33\n 45.81\n 275.00\n 8.33\n Do. do.Mount Gough Roads,10.00\n Do. do.Pokfulam Road,\n Do. do.Clearing sewer choked with debris in Jervois Street,\n Magazine Gap Road,149.08\n 79.36\n 131.46\n Do. do.Hillier Street,96.00\n Do. doCentral District,\n Do. do.\n Do. do.\n Do. do.Davis Street,\n Ship Street,\n Albany Street,83.93\n 62.29\n 90.75\n Do. do.Wantsai Road,98.46\n Do. do.Bowrington Strand,293.14\n Do.Clearing Hunghom Nullah of debris,\n Rebuilding wall and removing landslip above Richmond Road,\n Repairing damages and clearing silt Bowrington Canal (upper portion),\n do.(lower portion),\n Do.Sewers choked with rocks and debris, burst and destroyed,\n Clearing sewer-inlets of rocks and debris throughout the city.\n do.at Kennedy Town,\n Rebuilding damaged portions of Nullah at Causeway Bay,\n Rebuilding No. 1 Bridge at Shaukiwan Road,\n 129.40\n $43.00\n do1,228.60\n 73.11\n 67.98\n 65.400\n 588.00\n 1,011.00\n 59.46\n 36.50\n Repairing damages to Happy Valley Road,\n TOTAL.........$12,175.76\n\nJ. M. PRICE,\n\nSurveyor General.\n\nGovernment House, Hongkong, 26th November, 1886.\n\nAfter some explanation by the Surveyor General, the Committee recommend that the amount be voted.\n\nThe Committee is then adjourned sine die.\n\nChairman.\n\nRead and confirmed this\n\nday of December, 1886.\n\nClerk of Councils.\n\nPage 420\n\nPage 421", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-229 - Acting Governor Marsh & Public Offices - 1886 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 339146, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-241 - Governor Des Voeus - 1889 [1-7]", "page_number": 582, "title": "CO129-241 - Governor Des Voeus - 1889 [1-7]", "content_text": "# \nThese new sewers above referred to are those constructed where previously open nullahs existed and extensions of the old system. The improvements have mainly been in connection with the main drains of the city among which I may mention, Gleneally, Peel Street, Eastern Street, Centre Street, Western Street and Middle Street drains.\n\nThere must still exist in the city many branch drains quite unsuited for the conveyance of sewage, any improvement to these necessitates entire reconstruction, and I would further point out, as will be seen on looking at the plan, that no Government Sewer exists in some of the streets.\n\nI am therefore of opinion that if Mr. CHADWICK had submitted a complete scheme it would have included many new sewers and at any rate to a considerable extent he would have adopted the \"Separate System\" for the drainage of the Chinese portion of the city.\n\n## Sim Report, 1988\n\nOn reference to the report of the Commissioners enquiring into the prevalence Hongkong Fever Coma of fever in the Western District I find on page XIV. the following:-\" At the same time they would draw attention to the fact that the withholding night soil from the sewers does not do away with the necessity for pipe-sewers They would recommend the general adoption of pipe-sewers in addition to sub-soil and surface drainage.\" This report is dated 13th of August, 1888.\n\nMr. LEIGH proposes to use the existing drains for the conveyance of sewage and rainfall from the Chinese portions of the city and allow them to discharge as at present into the harbour, \"but having no connection with the few large main storm-water drains, which convey the flood water from the hill sides above through the city.\"\n\nAccompanying this report I forward a small plan* on which I have shown in blue the few large main storm-water drains which convey the flood water from the hill sides above through the city.\" They are eleven in number and as will be seen from the Contours on the plan and as stated in my previous report occupy the principal valley lines, and are the main outfall sewers for the districts through which they pass.\n\nIt is evident that in the event of excluding the sewage from these and at the same time continuing to adopt the combined system of drainage for the Chinese portion of the city as proposed by Mr. LEIGH new sewers of considerable capacity must be constructed.\n\nThe other alternative is to intercept the storm water from the hill sides at or about the level of Caine Road and conduct it in new storm water drains to the harbour.\n\nNow if the sewage and storm waters from the Chinese portion of the city are to be diverted from the existing drains it is clear that the circumstances favouring the deposit of material washed from the hill sides in the sewers will be materially increased.\n\nOn the other hand if the storm water from the hill sides above Caine Road be intercepted and diverted from the existing drains a considerable outlay will be involved and the risk of serious damage being done to property during heavy rainfalls increased. It would further be necessary to improve some of the drains below Queen's Road to prevent the deposit of sewage matters in them.\n\nI certainly contend it would be better to divert the sewage proper from the existing large drains by means of small pipe sewers as proposed in my report and further as the system recommended by me provides for the construction of sewers in every street greater facilities for the disposal of sewage from private premises will exist than hitherto if this scheme is adopted.\n\nThe natural slopes of the streets where no sewers now exist admit of the side channels being used for the conveyance of rain water to the existing main drains, so no new sewers for this purpose are required.\n\nMr. LEIGH has laid down on the plan accompanying his report points L1. L2. L3. L4. L5. and L6. which he recommends as suitable positions for the sewer outfalls from the various districts marked Section 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively.\n\nA glance at the contour plan forwarded herewith shows that the ground in the western district slopes towards the west, so that practically the whole of the district west of Eastern Street is unprovided for unless an intercepting sewer is carried eastwards through the lower part of the city.\n\nThe same remarks apply to the position of the outfall L2. for Section 2. Mr. LEIGH contends on page 9 of his report there is no foreshore worthy of mention from Kennedytown to the City Hall.\n\n*Plan not printed.\n\nIn his evidence given before the Commission enquiring into the prevalence of fever in the Western District. I find the following.\n\n\"909. But in front of each opening there is a decomposing mass.\nA. There ought to be no foreshore allowed.\n910. But there is\n\" \n580 \n4. It is a foreshore that has grown within the last few years. There are many bits of foreshore which I know did not exist when I came eight years ago. Very little dredging would suffice to remove them and the New Praya Scheme will put us out into deep water.'\n\n\"The outfalls ¶2. paragraph 197 Mr. CHADWICK in his report says. \nHere the tidal of the present sewers are through the Praya wall into the harbour. current is weak at all times. No steps have been taken to carry out the sewage The inverts of beyond and below low-water mark or to reach the tidal current.\n\nOn page \nthe sewer outlets are usually at, or near the level of low-water ordinary springs. Hence on a warm still day at low-water, the stench along the Praya is most offensive.\"\n\nIt is clear from the foregoing that 6 years ago the state of the foreshore on the Praya Front was such as led Mr. CHADWICK to take exception to it and I certainly consider the condition of the Praya Front at low-water decidedly a nuisance.\n\nA few months ago dredging operations were going on in front of the Harbour Master's Office the nuisance caused by stirring up the mud was obvious and showed that a considerable deposit of foul matters had taken place.\n\nIt must be remembered also that native craft are moored alongside the Praya for nearly its whole length.\n\nUnless the Praya Reclamation is carried out I unhesitatingly recommend the construction of the outfall sewers I proposed.\n\nIf the Praya Scheme is finally decided on a question may arise whether the advantages to be gained outweigh the cost of the construction of these outfalls.\n\nThe gradients of the outfall sewers are not unreasonably flat for outfall sewers. The large areas draining into them at the commencement of the flat gradients will ensure a sufficient flow in them to maintain a self-cleansing velocity.\n\nI estimate that the maximum hourly flow during each period of 24 hours, no rain having fallen. will be from District No. 2 at the rate of 2,000 gallons per minute from District No. 3 at the rate of 800 gallons per minute and from District No. 4 at the rate of 1,200 gallons per minute.\n\nMr. LEIGH states during the Southwest Monsoon, especially when typhoons are in the neighbourhood, the sea level remains abnormally high for days together. I have been unable to find in the tidal records I have examined that the height of the sea level is such as to present any serious obstacles in the way of the satisfactory working of the sewers.\n\nMr. LEIGH objects to the syphons. On reference to the sections it will be seen good fall has been given to them and that they are laid falling to a manhole at their lower ends, under these circumstances and from past experience I consider his objections groundless.\n\nOn page 10 Mr. LEIGH quotes the following opinion of Sir ROBERT RAWLINSON sewers formed along steep gradients therefore require to have more care bestowed on the means of ventilation than other sewers laid along flat districts. Every one who has had any experience in town sewerage is perfectly well aware of this and yet Mr. LEIGH recommends the rapid descent of the sewers from the high level district, in which he supports me in proposing the adoption of the Separate System, in preference to the more gradual descent of the high-level intercepting sewer along Caine Road proposed by me and which unlike Mr. LEIGH's proposed outfall provides for the drainage of the whole of the district above the Caine and Bonham Roads.\n\nMr. LEIGH takes exception to my evidence before the Fever Commission in which I stated I could not recommend at present any further ventilation of the sewers on the lower levels and claims the support of Sir ROBERT RAWLINSON. I am quite ready to agree with Mr. LEIGH that ventilation improves the air in the sewers, but I contend that so long as many of the drains on private premises exist in their present condition no amount of ventilation of the main sewers would materially improve the air in the house-drains.\n\nI fail to see Mr. LEIGH's contention on page 11 that efficient ventilation of the sewers would preclude the possibility of the sub-soil becoming impregnated with...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-241 - Governor Des Voeus - 1889 [1-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 339477, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-242 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1889 [8-12]", "page_number": 68, "title": "CO129-242 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1889 [8-12]", "content_text": "## PUBLIC WORKS' DEPARTMENT.\n\n**Report on great storm of 29th and 30th May, 1889.**\n\n**REC 328 SEP 39**\n\nSIR,\n\n**SURVEYOR GENERAL'S OFFICE, HONGKONG, 27th July, 1889.**\n\nI have the honour to forward, for the information of His Excellency the Governor, the following report on the great rainstorm of 29th and 30th of May last, and damage caused thereby to public property.\n\n2. The rainy season of the south west monsoon appears to have set in earlier this year than usual. During the month of April over 12 inches of rain fell, and of this quantity nearly 7 inches was due to a storm on the 29th and 30th of that month, causing considerable damage to streets and roads which the Acting Surveyor General (Mr. COOPER) estimated at $3,400. The first half of May was comparatively dry. I arrived at Hongkong on the 18th of May. The night after my arrival there was a very heavy thunderstorm, several buildings were struck by lightning, and 5.94 inches of rain were recorded during the day ending 10 A.M. on the 19th. On the three following days there was an aggregate fall of 5.88 inches, and there were showers at frequent intervals until the 28th. Early in the morning (2 A.M.) of 29th the rain began and continued almost uninterruptedly (although with greatly varying intensity) until 5 P.M. of the 30th. Appendix A shews the daily rainfall for the first half of the year, and Appendix B the hourly rainfall on 29th and 30th of May.\n\n3. On the morning of the 29th I was at the Peak, and such was the violence of the storm that (with some others who were staying at the Hotel) I had to wait a considerable time before the chair coolies would venture on the descent, owing to the force of the wind and rain. About 9 A.M. however we started; I shall not readily forget the journey down. I followed the road as, all things considered, it appeared to me a preferable route to the tramway. Along the upper levels the gusts of wind threatened to carry us off the mountain path. During the descent the water rushed in sheets down the steep mountain slopes, the nullahs were full, and the side drains and culverts of the road were overflowing. I arrived at the Government Offices about 10 o'clock. Shortly afterwards Mr. BAYNE, Overseer (then in charge of streets, since deceased) came to report that the great Glenealy culvert (which carries the storm water and sewage, and traverses the centre of the City, passing through Wyndham and Pedder's Streets, where several of the more important offices, and public buildings are situated) had burst in several places. Before there was time to ascertain full details a watchman arrived to report that the service tank of the Tytam Waterworks was in danger. Accompanied by Mr. COOPER I proceeded at once to the site. We arrived there a little before Noon, and found that the tunnel, or great culvert, 192 square feet in transverse area, which conveys the water of the Albany Nullah under the Tytam service tank was blocked, and the water that should pass through it was pouring over the concrete wall of the tank, and had washed away a large portion of the earthen bank on the down stream side of the wall, as well as parts of the Bowen and Garden Roads, and had caused considerable damage to the banks of the Ravine. As the concrete walls of the tank were not designed, without the aid of the earthen bank, to resist the pressure of the water, there was good reason for taking immediate precautionary measures, so as to be prepared in the event of the failure of the tank. As the Murray Barracks are situated near the Harbour, in the bed of the same valley, 400 feet below the tank which holds some 35,000 tons of water, I requested Mr. COOPER to give immediate notice to the officer in command of the Regiment there quartered, and I proceeded forthwith to inform His Excellency the General Commanding of the critical state of affairs. Orders were at once issued to clear the basement floors of men and stores.\n\n4. I find on referring to the hourly record of rainfall kindly furnished, at my request, by the Director of the Observatory (Dr. DOBERCK) that the rain began between 2 and 3 A.M. of the 29th and continued until about 1 P.M., up to which time 10 inches of rain had fallen, of which 7 inches fell in the three hours before Noon (10 A.M. 3.06 inches, 11 A.M. 3.35 inches, 12 (Noon) 1.27 inches). There was then an interval of two hours without rain, after which it rained moderately until near midnight.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-242 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1889 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 339479, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-242 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1889 [8-12]", "page_number": 70, "title": "CO129-242 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1889 [8-12]", "content_text": "69 \n\n17. Although more or less damage occurred in almost every street and road in the Colony, the chief scenes of disaster were (1) the Albany Nullah, from its commencement downwards (2) the Glenealy Nullah (marked respectively A. and B. on plan) and (3) the heavy landslips which, having their origin in the steep slopes above the Tytam Aqueduct, swept down the mountain side, carrying away the masonry of the Aqueduct itself in three places. In the case of the heaviest of these slips, the torrent carried the debris straight through the Public Cemetery, and landed the greater part on the race-course in the Happy Valley below. I propose in the first place to describe these principal accidents with some amount of detail, and for further particulars, and a full description of damage outside the City and in Kowloon, I beg to refer to Mr. COOPER's reports.\n\n## Damage in the Albany or Military Nullah\n\n18. I have already alluded to the very serious damage which occurred on the morning of the 29th May to the service tank and filter beds of the Tytam Waterworks, situated at C. on plan. On further investigation, the cause was obvious. Excavations on a large scale were carried on during the past year in preparing a site for a house on the summit of the ridge above the service tank (at D. on plan, Rural Building Lot No. 7). A large portion of the debris was deposited on a very steep slope immediately below the house. On the morning of the 29th (I am informed at 11:40 A.M.), a great mass of this spoil bank, amounting at the lowest estimate to 10,000 tons, became detached and was precipitated down the ravine. This mass started from an elevation of about 1,400 feet above sea level and must have travelled with fearful velocity down slopes varying from 1 to 1, to 3 to 1, until its course was arrested by the obstruction formed by the service tank, which had been constructed across the bed of the valley, a passage for storm water being provided by means of a great culvert or tunnel carried under the bed of the reservoir or service tank. The distance traversed horizontally by the avalanche before its course was arrested was about 2,200 feet; the fall vertically was about 1,000 feet. It naturally swept everything before it, clearing a passage through pine woods and scrub, from 150 to 200 feet in width, and leaving the hill side, previously covered with luxuriant vegetation, as bare as a ploughed field. Huge boulders strewn in the bed of the nullahs and on the mountain side were swept down, and it was one of these, measuring 350 cubic feet and weighing about 25 tons, which effectually blocked the tunnel mouth.\n\n19. At about one-third of its downward course, the path of the avalanche crossed the line of the tramway which connects the City with the Peak district. The tramway, including two bridges and other works, was swept clean away for a length of about 100 yards, and the rails and girders were twisted and contorted in a very remarkable manner. The cars could only have completed their last journey a few minutes before the catastrophe occurred. The greater part of the ironwork was subsequently recovered from the debris lodged on the upstream side of the service tank. Photograph No. 1 gives some idea of the course of the avalanche.\n\n20. At the service tank itself, this vast mass of rocks and earth first filled up the bed of the valley above the tank to the level of some 20 feet above the coping. It would then appear that the rush of water down the nullah burst this temporary obstruction and caused a great wave to sweep over the service tank and some of the filter beds. To this great and sudden rush of water may be attributed much of the damage sustained by the Bowen and Garden Roads and the earthen embankment outside the masonry walls on the downstream side of the tank and filter beds.\n\n21. The yet heavier rainfall during the night and early morning of the 30th caused a very heavy rush of water across the service tank and over the wall on the north or downstream side, which had now to serve as an overfall or weir, a purpose for which it is hardly necessary to observe it was not designed. This great flood brought down with it enormous quantities of sand and other material. During the 29th and 30th, about 18,000 cubic yards of earth were washed away from the slopes of the service tank and filter beds, and probably an equal quantity from the banks of the nullah below the tank, the bed of which has in consequence been greatly enlarged. The rush of water also carried away the bridge over the nullah on the Kennedy Road. During the night of the 29th and 30th, a formidable slip had occurred in the lower part of the nullah. A mass of earth fell from the cliff at the northwest angle of the Head Quarter House onto the open space east of the Officer's quarters at the Murray Barracks (at E. on plan). This dammed the valley; the large open masonry conduit, 22 feet wide and 12 feet deep, was filled up, and the flood of water carrying mud and sand spread along the Queen's Road right and left, flooding the ground floors of the barrack rooms and leaving a solid deposit, consisting chiefly of clean quartz sand, on the roads and barrack yards adjoining, to a depth of from two to four feet. From 15,000 to 20,000 cubic yards of debris were here deposited, and a far larger quantity was carried into the Harbour and formed a formidable bank at the mouth of the nullah. The effects of the flood in the neighbourhood of the Murray Barracks are shown in Photograph No. 3.\n\n* Photograph No. 2 shows damage below service tank.\n\n## Damage in the Glenealy Nullah\n\n22. The water of this nullah discharges into the Harbour 700 yards west of the mouth of the Albany Nullah. It is a natural ravine down to the point marked B. on plan. From this point, the water is carried to the sea through a masonry culvert varying in sectional area from 12 to 26 square feet. This culvert passes down Wyndham and Pedder's Streets, of which it forms the main drain. The gradients are very rapid; the fall from the upper end of the culvert to the Clock Tower being 200 feet in a horizontal distance of 1,400 feet, average gradient 1 in 7. The first damage which was reported during the storm occurred to this culvert. The volume of water on the morning of the 29th being greater than could be discharged through the culvert, the hydraulic pressure blew up the crown of the arch in several places. Large quantities of debris were deposited in Queen's Road and Pedder's Street, and the ground floor of several buildings was flooded. But during the greater downpour in the early morning of the 30th, some heavy landslips occurred in the ravine just above the upper end of the culvert. These dammed up the flood waters in the valley until their accumulated force broke through the temporary barrier, and they swept down towards the sea, damaging the culvert more or less throughout its whole length. Huge stones of all sizes up to a ton were transported by the force of the water to the level portion of the culvert in Pedder's Street, where, owing to want of fall, the heavier masses of the debris were arrested, thus effectually blocking the drain, so that the water had to be discharged along the surface of the streets. Stones of at least a ton weight were lifted about 10 feet from the bed of the culvert and deposited on the side path in Pedder's Street. The valley above the bridge on the Caine Road at F. on plan, which had been terraced and laid out with great taste by my predecessor as a public garden, was completely wrecked, and trees, shrubs, flower beds, flights of granite steps, and entrance gates were swept clean away. In the road at G. on plan, the bursting of the drain formed a huge hole in the centre of the roadway, 55 feet in diameter and 19 feet deep. Photographs Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7 show the destruction wrought by the flood along the line of the Glenealy drain. During the night, a portion of the Glenealy flood water forced a new channel for itself down Zetland Street into the Queen's Road at H. on plan, where its onward course was blocked by the houses on the north side of the road. A considerable deposit of sand was here formed, and the neighbouring premises were flooded.\n\n23. On the 29th, when the first damage occurred to the Glenealy drain, it was evident that the culvert was completely blocked for a considerable length by the debris of rocks and building material. As the removal of these obstructions must necessarily occupy a considerable time, my first care was to make such temporary provision for the passage of storm waters along the surface of the streets as to prevent, if possible, any further damage to neighbouring buildings by flooding. This was effected by forming protecting banks of stone on either side of the stream. I was not free from anxiety as to the effect a further heavy rush of water down such steep declivities might have on the foundation of the houses. In Zetland Street, the torrent tore up the roadway and ploughed up the bottom to a depth of 5 or 6 feet in a very short space of time. Instructions were given accordingly to watch the line of the Glenealy torrent night and day, and arrangements were made that should serious damage threaten the buildings in one street, to divert the flood in another direction or to divide it, and thus minimize its destructive action.\n\n24. Owing to the precautions taken, no further injury occurred through the flooding of the basements of buildings in this locality, and although some dissatisfaction was expressed at the length of time the debris was allowed to remain in some of the streets, it is obvious that the slight inconvenience arising from this cause was as nothing to the serious consequences that must have resulted had the banks been removed before the culvert was completely cleared. This was effected, and the debris removed from Pedder's Street and Queen's Road on 26th June.\n\n25. In connection with the flood in the Glenealy Nullah, I should explain that it was found on examination that the quantity of water coming down this ravine was considerably augmented owing to the works in progress in connection with building operations on Building Lots 1146 and 1147 at J. on plan. A catch-water drain had been constructed many years ago along the line marked J.K. on plan to divert the water from the upper slopes, which would naturally find its way down the Glenealy Nullah, into the Albany Nullah. But during the progress of the building operations referred to and the construction of an aqueduct to take the place of the original open drain, which traversed the site sold as building lots, it was found impossible to carry the intercepted water into the Albany Nullah, and it therefore had, previous to the storm, been diverted into its original discharging channel, i.e., the Glenealy Nullah, and thus necessarily tended materially to increase the flood volume.\n\n26. It is, I think, apparent even to a casual observer that the development of the City was not foreseen by the Government of the Colony during its earlier years, nor by its technical advisers. Situated as the City mainly is on a strip of low-lying land overhung by steep mountain slopes, liable to excessive rainfall, it would appear obvious that a primary element of safety was to convey the water from the various nullahs through the habitable area by open masonry channels constructed along the natural course of the torrents. Instead of this, however, the water courses have, with few exceptions, been enclosed in culverts carried down the main streets, and when thus covered over, have been converted into sewers for the discharge of house drainage, a purpose for which they are obviously unfitted, and instead of the natural and straightest course having been adopted, these subterranean", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-242 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1889 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 339480, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-242 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1889 [8-12]", "page_number": 71, "title": "CO129-242 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1889 [8-12]", "content_text": "70 \n\nTorrents have in numerous instances been violently diverted to avoid interference with public or private property, and in some cases, instead of following the line of the street, the culvert passes by an indirect route under houses and occupied areas. Recent experience has afforded convincing proof that the natural order of things cannot thus be departed from without the risk of serious damage from flood. Unfortunately, some of the mistakes of the past are not susceptible of an easy remedy.\n\nOther damage within the City.\n\n27. Besides the serious damage in the Albany and Glenealy Nullahs, the Tsing Kai Lane culvert in Wanchai was blocked and the neighbourhood flooded. A considerable landslip from the cliff on which the Naval Hospital stands completely blocked the road to Bowrington and the Cemeteries, and another slip on the north side of the same hill destroyed the back premises of some Chinese houses. On the south side of Queen's Road East, the back premises of several Chinese houses were destroyed by landslips from the steep hillside which rises immediately at the back. The approaches to the Bowrington Bridge (L. on plan) were carried away.\n\n28. In the western districts of the City, considerable damage, though not of a serious nature, was done on the lines of the Po Yau Street, Richmond Nullah, and Shek Tong Tsui drains. At Kennedy Town, the nullah which discharges into a culvert immediately above the Cattle Market overflowed, and the water swept through the market, destroying the boundary wall. A number of minor casualties from landslips and flooding occurred, but none calling for special notice.\n\nTytam Water-works (Reservoir and Aqueduct.)\n\n29. The nature of the accident to the service tank in the Albany Nullah has already been described. Some 21,000 cubic yards of debris were deposited in the tank itself during the storm. The tank averages 230 feet in length and is 200 feet wide, and 30 feet deep. It has therefore a gross capacity of about 46,000 cubic yards. This solid deposit tended to reduce the pressure on the sides. Immediate steps were taken to further relieve the pressure by lowering the water level in the tank. It is satisfactory to be able to record, after careful examination, that no settlement whatever can be detected in the concrete structure, nor was there any leakage from the tank.\n\n30. Along the line of the aqueduct, which is carried under the surface of the Bowen Road, several landslips took place between the service tank and the mouth of the tunnel, a distance of about three miles. Of these, three were of formidable dimensions. They occurred on the steep hillsides above the level of the aqueduct where it overhangs the Happy Valley (at M, N, O on plan). The debris swept across the road and aqueduct, carrying away the roadway and the superstructure of the aqueduct for a length of about 120 yards. Fortunately, the foundations remained intact, and consequently, the repairs of the aqueduct present no great difficulty, either as regards time or cost, and are in fact now nearly completed.\n\n31. Mr. COOPER estimates that during the storm, at least 30,000 cubic yards of earth were carried by these landslips across the line of the aqueduct. This included, besides earth, a large proportion of huge granite boulders, dislodged from the mountain sides, some of them many tons in weight. After crossing the aqueduct, the course of the principal landslips followed ravines which traverse the Public Cemetery in the Happy Valley. The bridges and part of the boundary wall were destroyed, the bed of the nullah was choked, and about 5,000 cubic yards of sand were carried through the Cemetery and deposited on the Race Course below (at P on plan), but fortunately, not a single grave was in any way injured or disturbed.\n\n32. The great Reservoir at Tytam, and the works connected therewith, suffered no serious injury. The toe of the slope of the overflow weir, and some of the earth slopes below the concrete dam were washed away. It is satisfactory to be able to record that the manner in which the Tytam Water-works generally (i.e., the great reservoir, the aqueduct, and the service tank and filter beds) have stood the severe test to which they have been subjected speaks well for the quality of the material and workmanship, and for the care bestowed on their construction.\n\n33. It will thus be seen that of the three grave cases of damage resulting from the storm, in two instances, viz.: (1) the Albany or Military Nullah (including the Tytam service tank) and (2) the Glenealy Nullah and culvert, the cause of the accidents may be traced, in part at least, to the operations of man, while on the other hand, the great landslips along the line of the Tytam aqueduct above the Happy Valley were entirely due to natural causes.\n\nDamage to roads and other works outside the City and at Kowloon.\n\n34. As already stated, there was hardly a road or street in the Colony that did not suffer more or less. Landslips occurred in numerous cases, and many were on a considerable scale. Bridges were also either damaged or destroyed. For full details respecting these injuries, I beg to refer you to Mr. COOPER's report dated 26th ultimo (`Appendix 19`).\n\n35. To give some idea of the extent and number of the landslips throughout the Colony, I may cite as an illustration the view which presented itself from the house in which I was staying as the storm cleared on the morning of the 30th May. The view embraces the mountain side from the Victoria Gap to East Point, and may include a superficial area of from two to three square miles. The hill slopes, which before the storm were covered with verdure, were now scarred in all directions by landslips. Of these, I counted about thirty, and since others on the area indicated are concealed by the valleys and the folds of the hills, it is probably considerably under the mark to estimate the number of slips in this locality at fifty. Assuming the same proportion over other parts of the Colony, we should have a total of some hundreds, varying in mass from a few tons to several thousands.\n\nOperations for repair of damage.\n\n36. Immediately after the storm, arrangements were made for repairing the damage, especial regard being had to the relative importance of the localities concerned.\n\n37. Temporary works to allow of the supply of the Tytam water to the town, which had been entirely cut off by the effects of the storm, were at once commenced and completed in a few days, and the repairs to the aqueduct have since been pushed on and are now approaching completion.\n\n38. The repairs to the Tytam service tank and filter beds are progressing favourably. The principal obstructions in the streets and roads caused by landslips and debris brought down by torrents have been removed, and the repairs to the culverts, especially that of the Glenealy Nullah, are being pushed forward, although the progress made has not been so great as it would otherwise have been, owing to frequent interruptions from the flooding of the work.\n\n39. The following is a summary of the estimated cost of repairs to Government property caused by the late storm. The detailed estimates prepared by Mr. COOPER and Lieutenant-Colonel CHAMPERNOWNE, R.E., are given in the Appendices D and E.\n\n## ESTIMATE OF STORM DAMAGE\n\n| Item | Cost |\n| --- | --- |\n| Aqueduct and Bowen Road, Service tank and filter beds, Tytam Reservoir, Tytam Water-works | $42,000 |\n| 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"txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-242 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1889 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 373733, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-294 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [10-12]", "page_number": 463, "title": "CO129-294 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [10-12]", "content_text": "No. 2.\n\nEnclosures.\n\n195\n\nC\n\nREPORT OF PROCEEDINGS OF\n\nTHE\n\nPUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE\n\nAt a Meeting held on the 31st August, 1899.\n\nPRESENT:\n\nThe Honourable the Director of Public Works (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY), Chairman.\n\nthe Colonial Treasurer (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).\n\nCATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.\n\nTHOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.\n\nABSENT:\n\nThe Honourable EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.\n\n460\n\n1. The Chairman submitted to the Committee an amended plan for a new Police Station on the site of the existing No. 7 Station, for which a vote of $50,000 on account of an Estimate of $65,000 (C.S.O.768 of 1898) was taken last year; also a plan for a small station at Kennedytown.\n\nThe cost of the new No. 7 Station, as per the amended plan, is estimated at $45,000, and of the Station at Kennedytown $12,000.\n\nIt was unanimously agreed that both these proposed works be approved, and the Committee recommend that sanction be given to commence the buildings forthwith.\n\n2. The Committee considered plans and estimates for the following proposed works: —\n\n(1) Chair Shelter at the Peak, estimated cost $4,300.\n\n(C.S.O.2600 of 1897.)\n\n(2) Road from the Upper Tram Station to High West Saddle, estimated cost $6,050.\n\n(C.S.O.3003 of 1898.)\n\n(3) Waterworks Extension in Hongkong providing for- (C.S.O.2251 of 1898 and others.)\n\n(a) Distribution to High Level Zone in view of extension of building.\n\n(b) Additional supply to the Peak.\n\n(c) Machinery for Bowen Road filter beds and houses for same.\n\n(d) Re-construction of No. 2 Tank, estimated cost $57,000.\n\n(4) Additional storage reservoir in Tytam Valley, No. 3 in Mr. COOPER'S Report, estimated cost $60,000, vote on account in 1900, $20,000.\n\n(C.S.O.1157 of 1896.)\n\n(5) Electric Lighting Government House, estimated cost $4,788.\n\n(C.S.O.3030 of 1898.)\n\n(6) Kowloon Water Supply, temporary pipe from stream in New Territory, estimated cost $11,380, to be charged to vote of $15,000 in the Estimates for this year.\n\n(C.S.O.2089 of 1899.)\n\nIt was unanimously agreed that the works above enumerated be approved.\n\n3. The Chairman submitted a proposal to expend a sum of $10,000 on the existing roads in the New Territory, with special reference to the road from Castle Peak Bay to Ping Shan and Un Long.\n\n(C.S.O.235 of 1899 [Extension].)\n\nResolved, that the Committee recommend that a vote of $10,000 be taken on account of a new road to be laid out above flood level at the foot of the hills between Castle Peak Bay and Ping Shan.\n\n4. The Committee considered plans, and a tender amounting to $6,985, for preparing and draining the site of the Governor's Peak Residence at \"Mountain Lodge.\"\n\n(Confidential C.S.O.48 of 1899.)\n\nResolved to recommend that the tender be accepted and the work proceeded with.\n\nThe Honourable Mr. WHITEHEAD refrained from voting for this initial expenditure until a complete estimate of the total cost of the proposed new building was laid before the Committee.\n\n5. The Committee considered plans and an estimate amounting to $13,400, for a 12-foot road along the Pokfulam Conduit, connecting with Robinson Road at Glenealy and Castle Road.\n\n(C.S.O.1943 of 1899.)\n\nIt was unanimously agreed that the work be approved, and that the Committee recommend that a vote of $5,000 on account be now taken in order that the work may be commenced forthwith.\n\n6. The Committee considered a proposal to erect a Refuse Destructor at Kennedytown, at an estimated cost of $60,000.\n\n(C.S.O.820 of 1898.)\n\nResolved that the papers be circulated for further consideration.\n\nThe Committee then adjourned.\n\nLaid before the Legislative Council this 4th day of October, 1899.\n\nR. F. JOHNSTON,\n\nActing Clerk of Councils.\n\nR. D. ORMSBY,\n\nChairman.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-294 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 390255, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-319 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [10-11]", "page_number": 530, "title": "CO129-319 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [10-11]", "content_text": "# Enclosure 1\n\n**Victoria Buildings, Hongkong, 18th July, 1903**\n\nSir,\n\nI have been requested as Senior Unofficial Member of the Council to submit for the favourable consideration of His Excellency the Governor the desirability of an additional tramway being built for the convenience, not only of residents at the Peak, but also of those whose houses are situated on the West side of the valley between the Queen's Road and Victoria Gap.\n\nI enclose herewith a plan shewing the proposed course of the projected tramway which is practically all on public land unavailable for building purposes, passing, as it does, through the Glenealy Gully and over inaccessible hill-land beyond.\n\nHis Excellency will see that not only the numerous inhabitants of Queen's Gardens and the neighbourhood will derive immense benefit from the projected line, but all residents living on the higher parts to westward Robinson Road, Caine Road, &c., will be put rapidly and cheaply on a level with their houses, and within easy walking or rickshaw distance of them. There is also little doubt that such a new line will open up, by rendering them accessible, new sites for building, from which the Government will be able to earn additional revenue.\n\nThe new line would besides have this special feature to recommend it, namely, that it would start right down on the Queen's Road level and would thus be accessible", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-319 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [10-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 503174, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]", "page_number": 249, "title": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]", "content_text": "248\n\n24\n\nLAKE, NOT VALLEY.\n\nResidents' Anxious Night.\n\nResidents at Happy Valley and the neighbourhood spent an anxious night with the flood which commenced to rise shortly after midnight.\n\nThe race course this morning was transformed into a lake and a raging torrent of water brought down from the hills flowed between the Police and Craigengower Clubs.\n\nA miniature Niagara Falls was created near the old scene of damage below the Yeung Woo Nursing Home last year. The deep drain measuring 14 feet across, which was built to deal with the water from the hills, was completely covered with mud and sand. Two waterfalls were seen later in the morning when the water flowed across the road into the drain and again from there to the race track.\n\nMore Confusion.\n\nBehind the Jockey Club stand, the Protestant Cemetery wall gave way for a considerable distance and the earth brought down with the torrent filled the premises to a depth of several feet. Cement boulders which lined the side of the course behind the small ticket office were bodily removed and placed on the course. Slabs of granite brought from the road were seen everywhere on the race track and inside the football grounds. What was left of a tea booth was seen against a portion of the race track railing. Flower pots which adorned the track edge were taken away by the flood together with the bank on which they stood.\n\nBridge Threatened.\n\nIt will take several weeks of toil to remove the mountain of sand and mud on the premises and race track. At the Craigengower Club, the water just reached the door and furniture left in the verandah was carried away and a part of it was recovered this morning. Garden furniture at the top of the granite boulders being washed away down the nullah, could be heard and a retaining wall threatening from above sounded like ominous explosions.\n\nSTORM VICTIMS.\n\n(No. 2998. July 22, 1926.\n\nin the direction of Hongkong, although it is thought that it may curve northwards in the direction of Swatow before it arrives here.\n\nThe rescue tug was to be observed with steam up and ready for emergency this morning and the funneless H.M.S. \"Ambrose,\" undergoing its annual overhaul was moved to the buoy for greater security.\n\nPolice Quarters Struck.\n\nThe chimney of Acting Chief Inspector Aris's quarters at the Police quarters in Caine Road was struck in the early hours of this morning and considerable debris fell inside the house. As the remaining portion of the chimney is considered to be in a dangerous condition, the quarters in question have had to be vacated.\n\nOLD MEMORIES.\n\nThat memorable flood of May, 1889, exceeded to-day's violence. Mr. Yee Cheong, the portrait painter whose studio is next door to the \"China Mail\" was an eyewitness.\n\nHe maintains that the torrents of water, which swept down Wyndham Street were even greater 37 years ago.\n\nAs to-day, clubs were reduced to useless wood. He said, the rain \"scraped out all the loose mud of the higher levels and deposited them in the flat streets. It took months to clear the mess,\"\n\nCraigengower collapsed and the masonry portion of the bridge started at this spot was swept away by the torrent flowing into the Bowrington Canal, a portion of the road at the end of the bridge near the Tramway offices opposite the Roman Catholic Cathedral was washed away.\n\nMr. Yee Cheong also says that the storm flood started at almost the same hour as that of the previous storm flood.\n\nThe railway track of the Sang Lee contractors on the other side of the canal also suffered considerable damage by the foundations being washed away.\n\nFACTORY IN DANGER\n\nThe paper mill at Aberdeen (Tai Shing Paper Mill Co.) is reported to be in danger owing to the private reservoir at the top of the building having been carried away.\n\nJuly 19. Two well-known members of the South China Athletic Association, Messrs. Ho Ka-lau and Yew Man-kit, who went out for a row on Saturday afternoon had a narrow escape from death as a result of the squall which sprang up towards six o'clock.\n\nThe boat was near Cust Rocks when caught in the squall and rowing became very difficult. The two occupants eventually determined to conserve their energy and let the boat drift and fortunately the set of the current was towards Kowloon Bay instead of the numerous rocks in the neighbourhood. They were able to reach the shore and after sheltering for a time in a farmer's house they arrived at Kowloon City.\n\nBy Courtesy of Wah Tsz Yat Po\n\nChinese cruiser \"Hai Yung\" which was to have left for Pratas yesterday at 1 p.m. with Hongkong officials aboard is still in harbour, wireless messages having been exchanged between the vessel and Pratas as a result of which it was decided that it would be dangerous to attempt to make the shoal for the present.\n\nThe typhoon had not, at the time of the message, reached Pratas but seas were very high and wind force 5 and increasing.\n\nPreliminary arrangements are that the party which is to witness the inauguration of the wireless station on the shoal will leave on Tuesday next.\n\nA village at Kowloon city, entirely inundated, with the top of a desolate matshed showing.\n\nreats both here and at the other er 37 years ago.\n\nTHE TYPHOON.\n\nJuly 17,\n\nIf the typhoon does not diverge from its present path it is expected here on Sunday.\n\nThe American Consulate received the following from Manila last night:-\n\n6.55 p.m.. July 16.-Cyclone in Lat. 19deg. N., Long. 119deg. E.. moving N.W.\n\na.m.\n\nLater.\n\n8.30\n\n17th, typhoon in about 116deg. Long. E.. 20deg. lat. N., moving W.N.W.\n\nThis morning in the harbour there were indications of anticipations of the arrival of the typhoon which is slowly moving towards the Colony from the East.\n\nNo. 1 signal gave place to No. 4 signal which means that the gale is likely to come towards the Colony from the East.\n\nNo. 2998. July 22, 1926.]\n\nTHE AFTERMATH.\n\nOVERLAND CHINA\n\nJuly 20\n\nWith the Peak isolated and the only means of access to Repulse Bay via the Aberdeen Road (even this has to be negotiated very carefully); with mud inches deep everywhere in the main thoroughfares and in banks where it has been removed for transit purposes, Hongkong has still much besides the memory of its severity to remind it of the terrific storm which raged on Sunday night and Monday morning,\n\nMuch, however, has been accomplished as a result of gangs of men working under supervision until a late hour last night and early this morning. A tram service to the King Edward Hotel was possible first thing this morning and later in the day a restricted service to all districts was run. The Roads Department is concentrating on the clearance of the main highways and is able to promise provisional clearances very shortly.\n\nStubbs Road.\n\nStubbs Road and Magazine Gap Road have suffered more than any others, Stubbs Road more particularly between Bowen Road and Morrison Hill Road. Here, there are numerous landslides the worst slip being where the sand shooting goes across. This will require the clearing of enormous quantities of earth and rock but it is hoped by Friday to get a passage sufficient to enable cars or \"buses to negotiate Stubbs Road.\n\nMagazine Gap Road.\n\nIn the case of most of the other roads it is expected that provisional arrangements will be made which will enable the passage of traffic within a few days. Magazine Gap Road at one part is breached to its full width and it will be necessary to erect temporarily a bridge. The Peak Road is also partly breached in one place. The only means of access to the Peak, in fact, is by negotiating on foot the old Peak Road and Wanchai Gap Road, in the case of the latter some nasty gaps having to be negotiated.\n\nBefore the Aberdeen portion of the road was cleared sufficiently to allow of traffic the footpath from the Peak to Pokfulam was used by some residents who took car as far as Pokfulam and walked up via the reservoir.\n\nRepulse Bay Road.\n\nGood progress has already been made in clearing the new road to Repulse Bay from Bowen Road onwards. This is very largely clear. There are numerous slips in the neighbourhood of Shaukiwan but it is anticipated that the whole of the round-the-island road will be open by the end of the week.\n\n('aime Road.\n\nThe lower portion of Caine Road is closed to traffic by the subsidence of the bank near the Roman Catholic Cathedral and the opening out of the road through the Cathedral grounds, which accounted for the flooding of Wyndham Street through Glenealy. It is now possible to go through Glenealy as far as Caine Road, by chair or on foot.\n\nA large gang were at work this morning clearing the obstruction at Caine Road. A stream of water which still flowed from the hill has now been diverted into the side channel of Arbuthnot Road.\n\nThe easiest way to reach Caine Road at present is for motorists to proceed up Garden Road as far as the Peak tram station. Then Tower\n\nPhoto by Yong Ming.\n\nMAIL\n\nREPULSE BAY CONDITIONS.\n\nthis morning.\n\n25\n\nAbout 85 bags of mail coming from foreign countries were damaged in the cellars of the Post Office. Most of the mail came from Singapore, Seattle, and the Straits.\n\nParticulars as to the plight of Repulse Bay residents not available yesterday on account of their being virtually marooned have since been received. At 3 a.m. on the night, or rather the morning, of the storm, the water rushed down the hills with terrific force and swept through the big dining room of the Hotel, carrying all before it. The upper level districts were deprived of their daily mail due to lack of transportation.\n\nResidents in the Peak and the staff were early on the scene but until practically powerless to save the carpets and furniture from being damaged. At eight o'clock yesterday morning the lower floors and passages were flooded to within five inches of water, and with the kitchens under water breakfast was part of the dining room floor has sunk badly and it looks as though it will be some time before the former polished surface will be regained.\n\nThe \"President Madison\" and the \"Empress of Russia,\" tried all roads at an early hour, were scheduled to arrive in Hongkong last Sunday, The Shaukiwan Road was obstructed yesterday afternoon.\n\nLooking along Des Voeux Road Central, on July 19, eastwards, along the Hongkong Hotel front and the new Realty building, with Alexandra Building on the left. The mud and height of the flood left visible marks on the surroundings.\n\nAlbert Road, along Wyndham Street past the Dairy Farm to the Central Police Station, and up Arbuthnot Road. The junction at Caine Road has now been sufficiently cleared for both up and down traffic through Arbuthnot Road.\n\nKowloon Roads.\n\nWith regard to Kowloon, both the coastal and Taipo Roads are closed, the worst slips being the other side of Tsin Wan. Two bridges have been carried away. Temporary bridges will be erected and it is expected to make provisional arrangements for passage of traffic by the end of the week.\n\ned by landslides which made passage impossible, and the new road to Hongkong was found to have a gaping hole halfway across the road just at the top of the hill leading to Repulse Bay.\n\nTHE POST OFFICE.\n\nThe General Post-Office was arrived only\n\nThe delay was due to the typhoon which the liners encountered.\n\nby\n\nPRINTERS LOSS.\n\nDamage of $10,000 was suffered by the Ye Olde Printerie Ltd.\n\nwhose establishment is located at the basement of the China Building.\n\nThe damaged goods consisted mostly of cover papers, art papers, and coloured papers and machinery, approximately valued at $10,000.\n\nThe damaged goods are only insured against fire but not against water. The Fire Brigade was called to the scene to pump the water and which was over 4 ft. deep.\n\nat the time of going to press, the Brigade was still at work.\n\nMED-\n\nIt will probably take the management over a week to clear the place from water and debris, and to completely resume business.\n\nWANCHAI DISTRICT.\n\nIn the long list of damage in the Wanchai district no one is reported to have been killed or injured as a direct result of the flood.\n\nA Chinese electrician was taken to hospital yesterday with injuries received in a fall from the first floor verandah of a house at Stone Nullah lane. He was repairing an electric light wire by leaning over the verandah and fell to the ground on receiving a shock.\n\nBAY VIEW DISTRICT.\n\nA feature of the damage in the Bay View district was the disappearance of the market at Tai Hang village. The structure, about 100 feet long and standing on stone pillars, is stated to have been carried away by the flood.\n\nThe assistance of the Fire Brigade was obtained to pump out the water. They worked from 2 p.m. to 5.30 p.m. but owing to the numerous calls on the services of the Brigade they had to abandon the work and resume it after the water had subsided there.\n\nWhen", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 503175, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]", "page_number": 250, "title": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]", "content_text": "26\n\nwas not a trace of the materials of the structure or the stalls.\n\nRELIVED DROWNED.\n\nwoman\n\nIn a report made by a Chinese married woman at Bay View Station, she stated that her father-in-law, 67 years of age, is missing and is believed to have been drowned.\n\nThe report states that the old man went out of the hut at 3 o'clock in the morning to save his chickens. At this time water was rushing down the hillside and the man was not seen again.\n\n3\n\nChinese\n\nQUARRY BAY DEATH?\n\nAlthough not reported officially, it was gathered from a reliable source yesterday that a Chinese was electrocuted and died at Quarry Bay. He came in contact with a high tension wire which had been dislodged by boulders on the hillside above the quarters of the Sugar Refinery staff.\n\nIt was also stated that a matshed at this point was carried away by falling boulders, but whether there were any occupants in it at the time is not yet known.\n\nTWO MORE DEATHS.\n\nThe death of Private Nihala Ram, of the 2/5 Punjabi Regiment, who was killed as a direct result of being struck by lightning - the only casualty so far reported from this source - was advised by Whitfield Barracks yesterday. The man was sleeping in his quarters at the time. So far as police reports are concerned, this is the only death ascertained in addition to the fatalities at the 3 pumping station.\n\nA report was made by a blacksmith of Pak Tin village, in the Shamshuipo district, of the death of his 16-year-old nephew by drowning in a pond at Kowloon City yesterday forenoon. It is stated that the lad attempted to retrieve a basket of vegetables and was carried away by the flood. The body has not yet been found.\n\nKOWLOON CHAI\n\nOVERLAND CHINA MAIL\n\nnullah, otherwise all the houses would have been inundated.\n\nTRAM SERVICES.\n\nDuring the night a passage for tramcars was made through the debris between Arsenal Street and Garden Road and by 8 o'clock this morning tramcars were running on the main route from Causeway Bay to the Hongkong Bank. It is hoped it will be possible to run right through to Whitty Street.\n\nPokfulam reservoir, at the foot of the Peak, on the south side of the island, was dry in some parts on Sunday. Yesterday morning, the water overflowed.\n\nOwing to the absence of jurors prevented from attending the Criminal Sessions yesterday on account of the flood, Mr. Justice J. X. Wood (Puisne Judge) adjourned the Criminal Sessions until next Monday.\n\nThe flood of water at the Protestant Cemetery, Happy Valley, caused exposing in some cases and tombstones carried away by the flood, some being deposited on the race course. The Jockey Club wall was also broken by the same current which carried away part of the cemetery wall.\n\nSeveral graves were affected by\n\nOn the Shaukiwan Route cars have been running all morning as far as North Point and it is expected that an extension to Quarry Bay will be possible this afternoon. Owing to a landslide at Taikoo it will be impossible to run between Quarry Bay and Shaukiwan for some time.\n\nOn the Happy Valley route cars are being worked via Broadwood Road but it is necessary for them to turn back at the Dragon Motor Garage and this of course results in single line working.\n\nBy Courtesy of Hak Tin Yat\n\n15\n\nThe\n\nMany have been\n\nAs a result of the flood which inundated Kowloon Chai, numerous villagers were left homeless and penniless in view of the loss of their livestock. They were allowed to occupy untenanted and partially completed houses on the Kowloon Tong site. Other small villages in this neighbourhood have been practically wiped out.\n\nKowloon Tong itself by no means escaped the general damage, one house being struck by lightning and practically cleft from top to bottom. A big lake of water which was in process of being filled in overflowed and the residents combined in diverting the flow to a nullah, otherwise all the houses would have been inundated.\n\nChair coolies are reported to be making attempts to obtain extortionate payments for carrying residents to the Peak. A demand for $6 was made of one resident returning home last night. Needless to say, this was not met.\n\n[No. 2998.—July 22, 1926.]\n\nshould be boiled.\n\nThere is also an official announcement regarding supplies to the Peak and higher levels.\n\nWATER ECONOMY.\n\nThe following official communiqué has been received:\n\nHis Excellency desires to impress on all householders on the Peak and Upper Levels, who are affected by the water restrictions rendered necessary by the damage to Pokfulam Pumping Station, the absolute necessity for the greatest economy in the use of water, and the strict control of their staff with this end in view. He feels sure that he can rely upon their loyal co-operation in this matter.\n\nDamage wrought on the Lachi-kok Road by the flood.\n\nThe earliest date by which the Peak tram service will again be in commission is given as Saturday.\n\nSTORM ITEMS.\n\nMr. F. Sutton, of the Public Works Department, and a popular turf enthusiast, had an arm badly cut by glass at the Hongkong Club about 3 a.m. yesterday, at the height of the storm. Mr. Sutton (who stays at the Club) rose to close a window, slipped and his arm went through the glass. Lt. Col. T. A. Robertson and others rendered assistance and Mr. Sutton was conveyed to hospital by ambulance.\n\nWATER RATIONS.\n\nAs from today, the water supply on the island is to be \"rationed,\" owing to damage to works.\n\nIn all areas main districts East of Eastern Street, there will be a two hours' supply daily. West of Eastern Street, water will be turned on from 4 p.m. to 10 p.m. daily.\n\n(Eastern Street is the uphill thoroughfare, leading from the western waterfront, up past the tram lines, to Queen's Road West, by the Government Civil Hospital and Lunatic Asylum to Bonham Road.)\n\nAll water for potable purposes should be boiled.\n\nTHE PEAK.\n\nJuly 20.\n\nMessrs. A. S. Watson & Co. Ltd. can supply and deliver Distilled Water to the residents of the Peak and Hill Districts in one pint and 1 gallon bottles and in 3-gallon jars. The efforts of this enterprising company will be appreciated by the many who are suffering from shortage of drinking water.\n\nThe wedding was announced to take place in Shanghai on Friday, the 16th July, between Omar Rumjahn, son of Mrs. A. Rumjahn of Tientsin and Gladys Tamil, daughter of the late Mr. and Mrs. S. O. Ismail of Hongkong.\n\nNo. 2998. July 22, 1926.)\n\n37 YEARS AGO.\n\nOVERLAND CHINA MAIL\n\n249\n\n27\n\nSTORM ITEMS.\n\nJuly 21.\n\nstill in cases, unopened. Many thousands of dollars were sacrificed in that one place. The tin lining was no protection; mud and water enveloped the lot.\n\nFurther particulars have been received with regard to the carrying away of a matshed by a landslide at Shaukiwan, opposite the main entrance of Taikoo Sugar Refinery (briefly reported yesterday). It appears that two Chinese lads, preparing the morning meal, were in the shed at the time and were crushed to death. Their bodies have not yet been recovered.\n\nOn Monday, the \"China Mail\" referred readers to a storm on May 30, 1889 - 37 years ago.\n\nMr. Yee Cheong, portrait painter of Wyndham Street, who has had his studio in this locality for over 40 years and never shifted elsewhere, gave his experiences of those days.\n\nAnother old resident writes the following:\n\nAs far as I can remember about the great storm of 1889, the rain was quite as heavy as Sunday night. The lightning and thunder were of a different character, but just as alarming.\n\nMurray Barracks on the Queen's Road side was a heap of sand thrown up from bursting drains just outside.\n\nFOUND SHOT.\n\nJuly 21. Mr. W. Blakey, Inspector of engine fitters, was found shot dead in the Naval Yard yesterday during the luncheon interval.\n\nHe was half-way from the house to the pumping station when a heavy shower began to fall. Debating whether he should go on to the pumping station or return to the house for shelter, he eventually decided in favour of the second alternative and no sooner was he safely inside than the huge boulder crashed into the station. This boulder is estimated to weigh between 2,500 and 3,000 tons.\n\nWith regard to the Pokfulam pumping house disaster, it appears that Mr. P. G. Tacchi, brother of Mr. C. J. Tacchi, who was examining stores some olives at the house near the station, had a very narrow escape.\n\nWhilst this was in progress Mr. Blakey left the house. Almost immediately a report was heard. He was found lying on the ground with a revolver nearby and wounds in the head which led to instantaneous death.\n\nDeceased had only arrived in the Colony last May from Portsmouth. He was unmarried and leaves a widowed mother in England. His age is thought to be 30.\n\nThe funeral will take place this evening.\n\nMore Damage Then.\n\nMore damage was done then than this week. Voeux Road was then the Praya. Sampans were up in Pedder Street. The Clock Tower was many feet in sand, the streets were opened up in all directions, drains were choked, huge trees up by the roots were scattered everywhere.\n\nBeautiful Glenealy as it was in those days was entirely ruined. The only house there then was the American Consulate, which stood in grounds far back from the road. Palms grew in Glenealy that have not been seen anywhere since.\n\nH.K. Club in Queen's Road. At the junction of the path from Albert Road was a very fine centre piece. This was torn up by bursting drains, carrying all before it down to Queen's Road.\n\nDakin's Dispensary was then at the corner where the A.P. building now stands. It was flooded out. Sugar-coated pills were being thrown out. Street urchins stood waist-deep in water fishing for them, thinking they were sweets. Their faces were studies when they tasted them.\n\nThe Hongkong Club was where Yee Sang Fat and others are today.\n\nA. S. Watson's were at the corner of D'Aguilar Street, where Tak Cheung is. Then McEwen, Frickel and Co. and Powell's had parts of the ground floor and the top. So much water and sand had accumulated there that it took many days to remove it. The fire engine was kept very busy.\n\nLane, Crawford & Co. were opposite Hall and Holtz. They had godowns below. All their new stock had arrived, but was still in cases, unopened.\n\nThe Good Old Days.\n\nRobinson Road was then the highest road. The Public Gardens were unrecognisable. Everything was torn up and sand enveloped the lot.\n\nRoofs did not leak the same as they do today. Better work was done, or else materials were of better quality.\n\nPhoto by A Fong,\n\nFour men armed with daggers entered a house at Tung Lo Wan Road, Causeway Bay, on Saturday night and held up the occupants. They stole money and jewellery to the value of $1,800.\n\nAh Men Hing Cheong.\n\nThis is striking testimony to the havoc wrought by the boulder which crashed into No. 3 pumping station, Pokfulam Road, killing several workmen. The photo shows the size of the great rock, as contrasted with what remains of the building.\n\nOwing to the fact that 80 feet of piping has been carried away on Stubbs Road, it has been found necessary to restrict the water services in areas main districts east of Eastern Street and also to the higher levels and the Peak. All the reservoirs in the Colony except Tytam Tuk, which is 5 feet 3 in. below overflow, are overflowing.\n\nMASTS STRUCK.\n\nJuly 21. The coastal s.s. \"Telemachus\" was struck by lightning on Monday morning, taking away the flag pole on one of her masts.\n\nThe Government rescue tug \"Kau Sing\" was on patrol duty in the harbour during the storm, and lightning struck her mast, splitting it from the \"truck\" to the \"hounds.\"\n\nSo far as can be ascertained, this was the full extent of the damage suffered by local shipping in the violent storm.\n\nAn order was made by Mr. J. H. E. Nihill, at the Kowloon Magistracy on July 20, for the confiscation of eight revolvers and 800 rounds of ammunition which were abandoned by a Chinese in Reclamation Street on Saturday night.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 517189, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-513-6 Hong Kong water supply- schemes for development and improvement 25-1-1929 - 2-8-1929", "page_number": 42, "title": "CO129-513-6 Hong Kong water supply- schemes for development and improvement 25-1-1929 - 2-8-1929", "content_text": "# LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\n## THREE\n\n### RAIN-MAKING EXPERIMENTS\nOn the 18th June, by kind permission of the Commodore, rain-making experiments were undertaken by the Royal Air Force. Seven flights were made from the Kai Tak Aerodrome by planes, each carrying 1 cwt. of powdered kaolin, which was dispersed into clouds considered to be so located as to produce the best results over the catchment areas of the Hongkong and Kowloon Reservoirs. Unfortunately, no appreciable results were obtained.\n\n### WELLS AND NULLAHS\nSupplies from wells and nullahs are being made available in consultation with the Hon. Director of Medical and Sanitary Services. Particulars of wells opened have already been published. The following is a list of the nullahs from which supplies have been made available to the public:\n\n| Nullah Location |\n| --- |\n| Star Street |\n| Victoria Nullah at Queen's Road East |\n| Albany Nullah-Boundary Path, Lower Tram Station |\n| Wyndham Street/Wellington Street (from Glenealy Nullah) |\n| No. 12 Bridge Nullah Shaukiwan, Main Nullah |\n| No. 12 Bridge Nullah Shaukiwan, West Branch |\n| P.W.D. Annexe (from Albany Nullah) |\n| Tai Hang Village |\n| Cadogan Street |\n| Beach Street |\n| Storm Water Drain springs, Recreation Ground, Happy Valley |\n| Albany Nullah at Queen's Road East |\n| Albany Nullah at Kennedy Road |\n| Albany Nullah at MacDonnell Road |\n| Duddell Street |\n| Seth's Corner, Whitfield |\n| Matheson Street |\n| Yee Woo Street |\n| Pennington Street |\n| Pokfulam Road/Shektongtsui Nullah |\n| Hing Hon Road |\n| Bonham Road/Western Street |\n\nAt all wells and nullahs, notices in English and Chinese have been posted warning the public that the water must be boiled if used for potable purposes.\n\n### PERMANENT MEASURES\nMeasures taken to prevent recurrence of water shortage.\n\nThe following permanent measures are being taken to increase the supply:\n\n1. The Aberdeen Valley Scheme, estimated to maintain a daily supply of 2.12 million gallons during the driest known period. It is hoped to call for tenders within 2 months for the construction of the dam and a short length of catchwater. The necessary pipes and pumps have been ordered from home, and water from this source should be available by the Spring of 1931.\n\n2. The cross-harbour pipe line, which has now received the approval of the Consulting Engineers, is likely to be available in time for the spring rains of 1930 and will be capable of delivering up to 4 million gallons a day to the island.\n\n3. The Dragon's Back and Mt. Pottinger Catchwaters have been investigated, and preliminary drawings prepared. The minimum yield from the areas intercepted by these Catchwaters is estimated at 1 1/2 million gallons a day. Construction work can be commenced next year if sufficient staff is available.\n\n4. The Contract for the construction of the Byewash Dam has been signed, and notice to commence the work given. It should be possible to impound a certain amount of water in the reservoir in about 14 months' time. The total storage will be 175 million gallons approximately.\n\n5. The Sheklipui Service Reservoir, now under construction, will add 10 million gallons to storage. It will be finished within a year.\n\n6. Investigation of the further sections of the Shing Mun Valley Scheme is proceeding. The Gorge Dam at Pineapple Pass appears to be feasible, and preliminary investigations at Gin Drinkers' Bay, where there is a very large basin capable of impounding fully 2,000 million gallons, have turned out well. Considerable preliminary work is, however, necessary before works of this magnitude can be commenced.\n\nThese and other possible sources of supply have been dealt with fully in `Sessional Paper No. 4 of 1928`.\n\nPage 40", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-513-6 Hong Kong water supply- schemes for development and improvement 25-1-1929 - 2-8-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 535693, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934", "page_number": 285, "title": "CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934", "content_text": "Head 34.-PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY\n\nHead 34.-PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY,\n\nHONG KONG\n\nHead 34.-PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY\n\nEstimate\n\nExpendi- ture up to 31st December 1981.\n\nApproved Revised Estimated Estimated Expendi- Expendi. ture 1932. ture 1932.\n\nEstimated Expendi- ture 1933,\n\nEstimate.\n\nPUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY,-\n\nContinued.\n\nture up to 31st December 1981.\n\nApproved Revised\n\nEstimated Estimated Estimated\n\nExpendi- Expendi Expendi- ture 1933.\n\nture 1981. ture 1932.\n\nHONG KONG,-Continued.\n\nBrought forward...\n\n$\n\n$\n\n$\n\n$\n\n$\n\n1,125,700\n\nMiscellaneous.\n\nBuildings.\n\n2.\n\n1. New Government Civil Hospital\n\nMarket: Hennessy Road near Flem- ing Road\n\n3,000,000\n\n27,000\n\n3. Market: Bowrington Canal.. 4. Market:\n\n5. Latrine & bathhouse at junction Hennessy Road & O'Brien Road.\n\n15,000\n\nPraya East, West End\n\n15,000\n\n22,000\n\nGeneral Works.\n\n6.\n\nRoads\n\n7.\n\nDrainage:\n\n(a) Training Nullahs..\n\n(b) Miscellaneous Drainage Works..\n\n8.\n\nMiscellaneous\n\n9.\n\nWater Works :—\n\n(a) Miscellaneous\n\n(b) Meters\n\n10. Port Works\n\nCommunications.\n\n247,000\n\n11.\n\nNew 100-foot road between Causeway Bay & Ming Yuen Garden\n\n13.\n\n12. Surfacing 40-foot roads on Praya East New Road to Bathing Beaches (S.E.. of Repulse Bay)...\n\n630,000\n\n55,000\n\n70,000\n\n14. Robinson Road-widening\n\nPeak Road & Glenealy (including bridge) between\n\n41,000\n\n15. Wongneicheong Old Road Improve- ments\n\n50,000\n\n18. 10-foot path, Shek O Gap to Cape D'Aguilar Wireless Station\n\n25,000\n\n17. New road from Island Road to Stanley 18. Kennedy Road, completion of widening\n\n60,000\n\n87,000\n\n300,000\n\n28.\n\n27,000\n\n15,000\n\n27. Laying telephone cable from the main route Victoria Gap-Gough Hill.............. Laying telephone cable between G.P.O. and Cable Hut at Hari Valley\n\n7,000\n\n7,000\n\n42,000\n\n42,000\n\n15,000\n\n29.\n\nReinstatement of Government Retain- ing Walls\n\n80,000\n\n5,000\n\n10,000\n\n20,000\n\n22,000\n\n30.\n\nCentral Police Station: Extension to Store\n\n1,200\n\n1,200\n\n31. Victoria Hospital: Tennis Court... 32. Victoria Hospital: Hot Water Sys- tem to Maternity Block\n\n8,000\n\n3,000\n\n50,000\n\n50,000\n\n16,000\n\n16,000\n\n33.\n\nCentral Market: Fish Tanks\n\n2,000\n\n2,000\n\n20,000\n\n12,000\n\n34.\n\nTraffic white lines, studs etc..\n\n5,000\n\n5,000\n\n60,000\n\n50,000\n\n26,700\n\n15,000\n\n35. Upper Peak Tram Station Parking ground\n\n6,500\n\n6,500\n\n36.\n\n10,000\n\n8,000\n\n37.\n\nChai Wan Cemetery Sextons Quarters Government Pavilion Gardeners' Quar- ters\n\n2,500\n\n2,500\n\n140,000\n\n800\n\n800\n\n5,000\n\n5,000\n\n38.\n\nBotanical Gardens: Improvements.. 39. Extension to Building Ordinance Office.\n\n6,600\n\n22,000\n\n6,600\n\n11,000\n\n11,000\n\nWater Works.\n\n50,000\n\n75,000\n\n140,000\n\n40. Back Lane Service Pipes\n\n5,000\n\n5,000\n\n7,000\n\n30,000\n\n41.\n\n42.\n\nNew Principal Mains in City.. Balance Tank at Aplichau.\n\n15,000\n\n15,000\n\n20,000\n\n4,000\n\n4,000\n\n15,000\n\n43.\n\nFastern Pumping Scheme\n\n115,000\n\n20,000\n\n44.\n\nSand Washer\n\n4,000\n\n4,000\n\n31,000\n\nPort Works.\n\n30,000\n\n45.\n\nConstruction of Rubble Mound at North Point\n\n120,000\n\n39,917\n\n20,000\n\n40,000\n\n40,000\n\n25,000\n\n60,000\n\n80,000\n\n46. Construction of Rubble Mound be- tween Oil Street & M.L. 321... 47. Construction of Rubble Mound at Kennedy Town\n\n60,000\n\n20,000\n\n40,000\n\n75,000\n\n35,000\n\nDrainage.\n\n19.\n\nAdditional Septic Tank at Repulse Bay 20. New Sewer-Wongneicheong Gap to Island Road in connection with the development of sites along this road\n\nMiscellaneous.\n\n27,000\n\nPublic Health & Buildings\n\n15,000\n\nOrdinance.\n\n48. Resumptions for road widening\n\n27,000\n\nschemes approved by Government as rebuilding occurs\n\n20,000\n\n10,000\n\n10,000\n\n10,000\n\n49.\n\nSailors' Home, West Point, M.I.187A 50. Resumption R.N, Canteen...\n\n900,000\n\n154,090\n\n540,000\n\n180,000\n\n38,522\n\n77,045\n\n180,000\n\n180,000\n\n77,045\n\n38,529\n\n21. Chinese Cemeteries-laying out new areas\n\n6,000\n\n6,000\n\n22.\n\nColonial Cemetery-laying out new Areas\n\n7,000\n\n7,000\n\nTsat Tsz Mui Quarry: Covering to mixing plants, new high tension cable and a transformer house\n\nAnti-Malarial Work.\n\n51. Permanent Training of Nullahs.....\n\nKOWLOON.\n\n150,000\n\n150,000\n\n120,000\n\n35,000\n\n10,000\n\n17,500\n\n10,000\n\n24. Tsat Tsz Mui Quarry: Extensions & Improvements\n\nBuildings.\n\n30,500\n\n10,000\n\n25. Rewiring of Government Buildings 26. Twelve E.H.T. Disconnecting Joint\n\n25,000\n\n25,000\n\n52. Magistracy at Yaumati\n\n250,000\n\n50,000\n\n30,000\n\n53. Kowloon Hospital additions\n\n326,000\n\nBoxes for Cable to Cape D'Aguilar...\n\n5,700\n\n5,700\n\n54. Mautaukok Cattle Depot Lairage....\n\n15,000\n\n120,000\n\n80,000\n\n180,000\n\n5,000\n\n10,000\n\nCarried forward..\n\n1,125,700\n\nCarried forward.....\n\n2,077,828\n\nPage 336", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 535733, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934", "page_number": 325, "title": "CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934", "content_text": "Sub-head 8-Miscellaneous, $15,000.-The vote is available for all Departments and provides funds for small works which arise during the year but are considered too small for a separate vote. 9.—Waterworks—(a) Miscellaneous, $8,000.-Provides for small extensions to subsidiary water mains and other miscellaneous minor works.\n\n(b) Meters, $140,000.-To provide for the supply of meters throughout the year principally to the Rider Main Districts.\n\n10.-Port Works, $5,000.-Covers expenses incurred in taking soundings, borings, and for preliminary investigations in connection with new and proposed harbour works, foreshore dumping etc.\n\nCOMMUNICATIONS.\n\n11.-New 100-foot road between Causeway Bay & Ming Yuen, $140,000.— A Contract has been let for the sum of $231,550 for excavating about 350 yards lineal along the centre section of the road and depositing surplus hard material at the Eastern end, approximately between Power Street and the Government Quarry at Tsat Tse Mui.\n\nThis will leave a further length of the road at the Western end to be completed, to connect with the existing road at Causeway Bay, where heavy rock cutting is necessary. The reduction of certain sections of this road to 75 feet wide is under consideration.\n\n12. Surfacing 40-foot roads on Praya East, $30,000.-To cover the cost of surfacing, channelling and kerbing portions of Thomson and Jaffe Roads on the Praya East Reclamation according to agreement with lot holders.\n\n13.-New Road to Bathing Beaches, $15,000.-The total estimated cost of constructing this road, which is an extension of the Repulse Bay Beach Road, to two small bays South East of Repulse Bay is $70,000. Of this sum $55,000 is to be provided by the sponsors of the Repulse Bay 'Lido' Scheme and the work will not be commenced until such time as that scheme is approved.\n\n14. Robinson Road, $31,000.--To commence a road widening and improvement scheme between Peak Road and Glenealy which embodies the widening of Glenealy Bridge and deals with the dangerous corner below the new Canossa Hospital. This sum includes any necessary land resumption.\n\n15.-Wongneicheong Old Road Improvements, $30,000.-This sum is required to meet road expenditure arising out of further building development in Wongneicheong Valley.\n\n16-10-foot path to Cape D'Aguilar Wireless Station, $25,000.-To continue and complete a 10-foot wide Access Road to the Wireless Station at Cape D'Aguilar. A section of .5 miles is already completed and this vote is to complete the remaining length of 1.25 miles.\n\nThis road will greatly facilitate the transport of personnel and stores to the Wireless Station.\n\n17. New road from Island Road to Stanley, $60,000.-This sum covers the cost of construction of a loop motor road .6 miles long to connect Island Road with the new Wong Ma Kok Gaol Road near Stanley Police Station. It will also provide access to new development in the district.\n\nSub-head 18.-Kennedy Road Widening. $30,000.-To continue the partially completed Kennedy Road Widening Scheme dealing particularly with that portion behind the Magazine.\n\nThis should allow of through traffic and to some extent relieve congestion in the Wanchai-Queen's Road East area.\n\nDRAINAGE.\n\n19.-Additional Septic Tank at Repulse Bay, $15,000.-Recent development in this area has tended to overload the existing septic tanks. In order to relieve this, it is proposed to instal an extra tank which will be sited along the South-West arm of the bay.\n\n20.—New Sewer-Wongneicheong Gap to Island Road, $27,000.—To construct a sewer to pick up drainage from new development along this road. Each lot connected has to pay a proportion of cost so that eventually most of the original outlay will be refunded to Government.\n\nMISCELLANEOUS.\n\n21.-Chinese Cemeteries, laying out new areas, $6,000.--To provide for additional burial areas in existing cemeteries.\n\n22.-Colonial Cemetery, laying out new areas, $7,000. To provide for an extension to the burial area within the boundaries of the Colonial Cemetery Happy Valley.\n\n23.-Tsat Tsz Mui Quarry: Covering to mixing plants, new high tension cable and a transformer house, $10,000. To continue work on the protection of plant and provision of electric power to machinery.\n\n24.-Tsat Tsz Mui Quarry: Extensions and Improvements, $10,000.-The development of the quarry is now approaching a stage which on economic grounds calls for a natural extension of the layout. The sum requested is to meet this expenditure and provide for the erection of plant already in the Colony.\n\n25-Rewiring of Government Buildings, $25,000.---This sum is required for the replacement of defective and dangerous electrical wiring in Government buildings.\n\n26. Twelve E. H. T. Disconnecting Joint Boxes for Cable to Cape D'Aguilar, $5,700. For breaking up this cable into sections to facilitate testing and location of faults and thereby reduce probability of lengthy breakdowns.\n\n27-Laying telephone cable from the main route Victoria Gap-Gough Hill, $7,000. To continue the policy of placing Government telephone cables underground considered an economy in the long run.\n\n28-Laying telephone cable between G.P.O. and Cable Hut at Happy Valley, $42,000.--This portion of the main cable from the G.P.O. to Cape D'Aguilar has only 3 pairs of lines spare. As further calls may be made on the cable, it is advisable to provide an adequate reserve by duplicating the existing cable.\n\n29.-Reinstatement of Government Retaining Walls, $20,000.-These walls are examined annually and this vote provides for the repair or reconstruction of any walls which are considered dangerous.\n\n30-Central Police Station: Extension to Store, $1,200-The existing store is very cramped. It is proposed to enclose part of a shelter and thus form an extension to the East of this store.\n\nPage 388\n\n \n\nPage 388 \n\nPage 388", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 538138, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-1 Estimates 1934 4-10-1933 - 17-4-1934", "page_number": 167, "title": "CO129-545-1 Estimates 1934 4-10-1933 - 17-4-1934", "content_text": "# GENERAL WORKS\n\n## Sub-head 10.—Roads, $50,000\nThis sum which is similar to that requested for 1933 is required to provide for the road surfacing, kerbing, channelling and footpaths of new roads as new buildings are erected or realignments of streets take place.\n\n## 11.—Drainage (a) Training Nullahs, $7,500\nThis sum is required to meet the cost of training stream courses where this is necessary due to new development.\n\n## 12. (b) Miscellaneous Drainage Works, $45,000\nRequired to meet the cost of providing sewers and storm water drains for houses in newly developed areas.\n\n## 13.—Miscellaneous, $25,000\nThe vote is available for all Departments and provides funds for small works which arise during the year but are considered too small for a separate vote.\n\n## 14. Waterworks (a) Miscellaneous, $10,000\nProvides for small extensions to subsidiary water mains and other miscellaneous minor works.\n\n## 15.—(b) Meters, $50,000\nTo provide for the supply of meters throughout the year.\n\n## 16.—Port Works, $2,000\nCovers expenses incurred in taking soundings, borings, and for preliminary investigations in connection with new and proposed harbour works, foreshore dumping etc.\n\n# COMMUNICATIONS\n\n## 17. New 100-foot road between Causeway Bay and Ming Yuen, $50,000\nTo continue rock cutting over the section between Oil and Power Streets and surface from Power Street to the point where the Bathing Clubs' sheds commence.\n\n## 18.—Surfacing 40-foot roads on Praya East, $25,000\nTo continue surfacing, channelling and kerbing portions of Thomson and Jaffe Roads on the Praya East Reclamation according to agreement with lot holders.\n\n## 19.—New Road to Bathing Beaches (South-East of Repulse Bay), $50,000\nIn order to provide further bathing facilities it is considered desirable to extend the road which was referred to in Notes on 1933 Estimates, page 2, sub-head 13 to serve the unnamed bay immediately to the north of West Bay. A contribution of $55,000 will be made towards the total cost by the sponsors of the Repulse Bay 'Lido Scheme'.\n\n## 20. Robinson Road widening between Peak Road and Glenealy (including bridge), $10,000\nTo complete the widening scheme which commenced in 1933.\n\n## 21.—Blue Pool Road Improvements (1st Section), $35,000\nTo replace the lower section of the existing earth track by a proper road made necessary by probable development of the surrounding area.\n\n## 22.—10-foot Path, Shek O Gap to Cape D'Aguilar Wireless Station, $7,000\nTo complete.\n\n## 23.—New Road from Island Road to Stanley, $4,000\nPayment of retention money.\n\n## 24.—Widening of Magazine Gap Road between May Road and Stubbs Road, $60,000\nA widening and improvement scheme to relieve traffic congestion in Queen's Road East and to facilitate motor access between the City and the higher levels.\n\n## 25.—Widening of Middle Gap Road and access road to Mount Cameron lots, $15,000\nTo provide access to potential building lots on the western slopes of Mount Cameron.\n\n# MISCELLANEOUS\n\n## 26.—Chinese Cemeteries, laying out new areas, $6,000\nTo provide for additional burial areas in existing cemeteries.\n\n## 27. Colonial Cemetery, laying out new areas, $2,000\nTo provide for an extension to the burial area within the boundaries of the Colonial Cemetery Happy Valley.\n\n## 28. Reinstatement of Government Retaining Walls, $20,000\nThese walls are examined annually and this vote provides for the repair or reconstruction of any walls which are considered dangerous.\n\n## 29.—Traffic white lines, studs etc., $2,000\nTo meet the cost of providing and laying down either white lines or studs on road corners, curves and junctions.\n\n## 30.—Garage at Arbuthnot Road, $5,000\nTo construct a garage on Arbuthnot Road near its junction with Wyndham Street to house the prison van and motor cycles.\n\n## 31.—Rewiring of Government Buildings, $25,000\nThis sum is required for the replacement of defective and dangerous electrical wiring in Government buildings.\n\n## 32.—Telephone Cable to Shaukiwan, $50,000\nTo connect up Shaukiwan with the Government telephone system. The existing service does not extend beyond Happy Valley.\n\n## 33.—Shed for Fire Appliances, Aberdeen, $1,500\nTo house a motor fire pump unit in the precincts of Aberdeen Police Station.\n\n## 34. Shed for Fire Appliances, Aplichau, $750\nTo house a hand drawn trolly on which can be mounted the fire pump unit to be stationed at Aberdeen. The shed will be erected near the pier.\n\n## 35.—Three Stores for H.K.V.D.C., $1,200\nTo provide for the construction of three stores. The building will be an extension to the existing unit offices which front on the parade ground.\n\n# WATER WORKS\n\n## 36.—Back Lane Service Pipes, $7,000\nTo provide for the extension of subsidiary service pipes in back lanes in newly developed properties to obviate the excessive cutting of roads which would be necessary for direct connection to principal mains. These subsidiary mains are eventually paid for by house owners when connections are applied for.\n\n## 37.—New Principal Mains in City, $20,000\nTo meet increasing consumption and maintain adequate working pressures in the City it is necessary to extend the larger distributing water mains.\n\n## 38.—Eastern Pumping Scheme, $20,000\nTo continue work in connection with the provision of a filtered water supply from the Eastern Filter Beds to the slopes of Mount Cameron, Jardines Lookout, Broadwood Road and eventually Repulse Bay district.\n\nPage 204", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-1 Estimates 1934 4-10-1933 - 17-4-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 544692, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-547-9 Use of Japanese cement for public works 9-4-1934 - 11-7-1934", "page_number": 19, "title": "CO129-547-9 Use of Japanese cement for public works 9-4-1934 - 11-7-1934", "content_text": "## 1933\n\n### APRIL\nTender for Boundary Wall at Belilios Reformatory.\n\n### MAY\nTender for Robinson Road widening between Peak Road & Gleneally (including bridge).\n\n### JUNE\nTender for Aberdeen Valley Scheme West Catchwater, 2nd Section.\n\n### JULY\n| Particulars | Cement Used |\n| --- | --- |\n| Tender for Taipo Road, adjoining Castle Peak Road Improvements. | Japanese |\n| Tender for New Gaol at Stanley- Site preparation. | Japanese |\n| Tender for Central British School Site Formation. | Japanese |\n| Tender for Proposed Public Trough Closet & Bath House, Praya East. | Japanese |\n| Tender for House at Fanling. | No Cement used. |\n| Green Island. | Green Island |\n\n### AUGUST\n| Particulars | Cement Used |\n| --- | --- |\n| Tender for construction of an additional Septic Tank at Repulse Bay. | Japanese |\n| Tender for Pottinger Peak Catchwater - 1st Section. | Japanese and Green Island |\n| Tender for Quarters at Royal Observatory - Kowloon. | Green Island |\n| Tender for Botanical & Forestry Department Quarters & Stores at Lai Chi Kok. | Green Island |\n| Tender for Maintenance,etc. of Nullahs, and Construction of additional Sewers, etc:- Kowloon & New Territories; | |\n| ‣ West of Railway | Hongkong |\n| ‣ East of Railway | Western, Eastern, Japanese |\n\n### SEPTEMBER\n| Particulars | Cement Used |\n| --- | --- |\n| Tender for Kowloon Tong permanent Nullah Draining. | Japanese |\n| Tender for Erection of Concrete post and Barbed wire fence at Kai Tak. | Japanese |\n| Tender for alterations to Chair Shelter, Victoria Gap. | Japanese |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-547-9 Use of Japanese cement for public works 9-4-1934 - 11-7-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 544751, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-548-1 Annual reports from various government departments 3-4-1934 - 11-6-1935", "page_number": 57, "title": "CO129-548-1 Annual reports from various government departments 3-4-1934 - 11-6-1935", "content_text": "# COMMUNICATIONS.\n\n7. Works completed were:- The Concourse Area at Jubilee Street Vehicular Ferry Pier was surfaced; completed portions of Jaffé and Thomson Roads were kerbed, channelled and surfaced; a new area for burial purposes was formed in the Colonial Cemetery; a further section of Connaught Road West from Eastern Street to Ping On Wharf was strengthened and sand-carpeting and surfacing on a 6″ cement concrete foundation was laid; a further section of Kennedy Road adjoining the Magazine was widened to 30 feet; a retaining wall adjoining I.L. 59 section A, Caine Road, was taken down and rebuilt to the new road alignment; dangerous bends on Tai Hang Road were improved; Stubbs Road was regraded between the Peak Hotel and Jardine's Corner; a portion of Prince Edward Road between the Railway Bridge and Leven Road was surfaced with 7\" reinforced concrete; Chatham Road between Middle Road and Austin Road was laid with bottoming and surfacing; the Concourse Area at Jordan Road Vehicular Ferry Pier was laid with bottoming and surfacing; Tai Po Road was diverted at its junction with Castle Peak Road and laid with bottoming and surfacing; Children's Playground complete with shelter, lavatories and equipment was erected at Kowloon Tong; area for Children's Playground was formed at Tong Mi Road; area for Children's Playground was formed at Shantung Street; the bend on Castle Peak Road opposite the Warders' Quarters was widened and improved; the bend at top of Lai Chi Kok Hill on Castle Peak Road was widened and improved. The strengthening and improvement of road surfaces in the New Territories was continued between 20th and 21st milestones - Castle Peak; between 30th and 35th milestones - Mei Po - Fanling; between Kwanti Race Course and 2nd milestone, Sha Tau Kok Road, and at Tsun Wan Hill; also between Tai Wai Level Crossing (8 milestone) and 12¼ milestone, Tai Po Road. The hilly portions of the Lin Ma Hang-Sha Tau Kok Patrol Path were surfaced.\n\n8. Works under construction were:- The 1st section of new 75′ road between Causeway Bay and Ming Yuen Gardens; a new road to Bathing Beaches (S.E. of Repulse Bay); widening of Robinson Road between Peak Road and Glenealy (including bridge); Wong Nei Cheong Old Road Improvement (i.e., Blue Pool Road); path 10 ft. wide from Shek O Gap to Cape D'Aguilar Wireless Station; New Road from Island Road to Stanley; Upper Peak Tram Station Parking Ground; Road to Wong Ma Kok to serve Prison Site.\n\n9. Tar painting was carried out on the following roads:- 10th-16th Milestone, Castle Peak Road; 26th-27th milestone, Au Tau; whilst the bend on the Tai Po Road near the 5 milestone was removed. The main street at Un Long was surfaced, kerbed and channelled in front of new houses and an invert was laid to the existing nullah.\n\n## DRAINAGE.\n\n10. New sewers and storm water drains were constructed in Hong Kong to a length of 16,058 feet, and parapet walling to open nullahs to a length of 378 feet. An additional septic tank was constructed at Repulse Bay. Anti-malarial campaign work was continued at Mount Parker, Stanley, Soo Kun Po and Lyeemun and a commencement made at Kowloon Tong. Streams were trained to a total length of 27,812 feet and 1,862 feet as walled nullahs. In Kowloon new sewers and storm water drains were constructed to a length of 13,081 feet and an open nullah was decked over for a length of 333 feet. In New Kowloon the length of new sewers and storm water drains constructed was 14,761 feet. In Kowloon and New Kowloon nullah walling was built to a length of 2,301 feet and parapet walling constructed to a length of 2,742 feet. Various minor works were carried out in the New Territories.\n\n## WATER WORKS.\n\n11. In Hong Kong the following lengths of new mains were laid to improve the distribution system - 1,042 feet of 10\", 1,416 feet of 8\", 1,529 feet of 6\" and 1,573 feet of smaller sizes. 5,050 feet of subsidiary pipes from \"3\" were laid in back lanes. 550 feet of 24\" steel main were diverted round the new Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank Site. A covered service reservoir of 208,000 gallons capacity having a T.W.L. of 778 feet A.O.D. was constructed on Jardine's Lookout to supply high level development. In Kowloon and New Kowloon the following lengths of new mains were laid to improve distributions:- 1,290 feet of 18\", 10,541 feet of 12\", 1,005 feet of 8\", 4,182 feet of 6\" and 855 feet of smaller sizes. 13,636 feet of subsidiary mains were laid in back lanes. The new five million gallons service reservoir at Yau Ma Ti Hill was nearly completed. At Tai Po 1,916 feet of 6\" main were laid and 420 feet of smaller sizes.\n\nA new water supply was provided for Tsun Wan consisting of an intake, strainer and storage tank of 5,000 gallons, 10,468 feet of 4\" piping and 970 feet of 2\" piping. The Fanling supply was improved by laying 1,095 feet of 5\" piping and 737 feet of 4\" piping. A steel storage tank of 30,000 gallons capacity was also erected. A water supply for Yuen Long district was investigated.\n\n12. The Public Gardens Service Reservoir completed the first section of the Shing Mun Valley Water Scheme.\n\n13. The 2nd section of the Aberdeen East Catchwater and the Outfall Nullah at Aberdeen were completed. The 2nd section of the Aberdeen West Catchwater was nearly completed. The removal of silt from the Lower Reservoir was continued and the Access Road to the Lower Dam was surfaced.\n\n14. The 1st section of the Pottinger Peak Catchwater was completed, whilst the Tytam Tuk East Catchwater and the first section of the Dragon's Back Catchwater were nearly completed.\n\n62", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-548-1 Annual reports from various government departments 3-4-1934 - 11-6-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]