[ { "id": 333125, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-230 - Public Offices & Others - 1886", "page_number": 479, "title": "CO129-230 - Public Offices & Others - 1886", "content_text": "Constantly under medical supervision; and, in consultation with Sir Andrew Clarke, was advised to have recourse to the German Baths. He has not yet received the benefit anticipated by these means; and, until his health has been improved by longer residence and further treatment in Europe, it would not be prudent for him to return to duty in a tropical climate.\n\nIn support of my present application, I beg to submit the following remarks for your consideration:\n\n(1.) I have been for 32 years in the Colonial Service; that is, for five years (1857-59), Secretary of Government in the Ionian Isles while under the British Protectorate; and for 27 years, as Governor successively of Queensland, New Zealand, Straits Settlements, and Hongkong.\n\n(2.) During the first sixteen (16) years of my service as Governor, I never applied for leave of absence from my Government.\n\n(3) In my despatch of the 24th June 1885, to the Secretary of State for the Colonies (the Earl of Derby), I observed that, in the critical state of affairs which prevailed in China and the neighboring Colonies at the beginning of that year, owing to the Franco-Chinese hostilities and to the threatened war with Russia, I had felt it to be my duty not to avail myself of the leave to visit England granted to me by his Lordship on medical certificate, but rather to remain at my post at whatever risk of health, and at whatever sacrifice of personal convenience. I added that I was much gratified by Lord Derby's despatch of the 13th April ult., in which he wrote as follows: \"I need hardly say that I highly appreciate the public spirit which has led you to this decision.\"\n\n(4.) I did not ask permission to avail myself of the leave of absence already granted, until after the conclusion of peace between France and China, and the restoration of tranquillity throughout that quarter of the world. And I wish it to be clearly understood that", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-230 - Public Offices & Others - 1886.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 369056, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-287 - Public Offices & Others - 1898", "page_number": 232, "title": "CO129-287 - Public Offices & Others - 1898", "content_text": "## 227\n\nThe following telegraphic line is proposed:\n\n1. A main line from Europe to Australia and back via the Sunda Archipelago and German New Guinea, with a branch line in connection with the second direct line, from Hongkong to Shanghai and back. And a branch line from Singapore to the German New Guinea Protectorate and back, touching at Batavia, and other ports of the Sunda Archipelago, Berlinhaven, Friedrich-Wilhelmshaven, Stephansort, Finsch-haven, or Langemak-Bay, Herbertshöh and Matupi, Stephansort, Friedrich-Wilhelmshaven, Berlinhaven and the ports of the Sunda Archipelago.\n\n2. For the traffic with Australia a direct line from Bremerhaven to the Australian Continent, touching at a Dutch or Belgian port, Genoa, Naples, Port Said, Suez, Aden, Colombo, Adelaide, Melbourne to Sydney and back by the same ports.\n\nWith regard to the China branch line, the North German Lloyd is under the obligation, should the Imperial Chancellor require it, to prolong the itinerary as far as Kiao Chow.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-287 - Public Offices & Others - 1898.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 370675, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-290 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [1-4]", "page_number": 276, "title": "CO129-290 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [1-4]", "content_text": "# CHINA OVERLAND TRADE REPORT.\n\nJanuary 19, 1898.\n\nthat the Justices of the Peace will do their duty in the matter and, having commenced the campaign against the sale of injurious liquor, will carry it through to a successful issue.\n\n## ENGLISH TEACHING FOR HONG-KONG CHINESE,\n\n27% \n\n## THE FUTURE OF KOREA,\n\n(13th January.)\n\nWe are still without any definite confirmation of the reported agreement between Great Britain, Russia, and Japan with reference to China and Korea, but the opinion appears to be generally entertained that the trouble is over. If it be correct that the British Government is going to lend money to China direct, it may be assumed that British influence will make itself felt in the administration of the Empire, though without the assumption of any formal protectorate or absolute control. The problem in that direction would be comparatively easy of solution when once the international jealousies had been cleared away. The Chinese Government, though powerless to repel attack from without, possesses sufficient strength to preserve order in the various provinces, and with the guidance of foreign advice would be able to consolidate its authority, provide a decent administration, and in course of time to establish an efficient army and navy. The granting of financial assistance by Great Britain implies that China is to be allowed to avail herself of such advice. But what about Korea, with its wretched government and chronic rebellions? Bad as is the administration in China, it is vastly superior to that of Korea, And it is difficult to see how order is to be maintained in the latter country, or foreign interests to be protected, without some measure of direct foreign control. And who is to exercise that control? If Russia and Japan would consent to withdraw in favour of England, the solution would no doubt be eminently satisfactory from our own point of view, but it can hardly be expected that the other Powers will look at it in the same light. Possibly the settlement may take the form of a tripartite control, England, Russia, and Japan being equally represented. That may turn out to be the only possible solution of the difficulty, but it is one that can hardly fail to lead to further difficulties in the future. The joint control of Egypt by France and England broke down, and a joint control in Korea would almost inevitably prove equally unstable. So far we have had no indication of what Lord SALISBURY's policy in the matter may be.\n\n## SIR THOMAS SUTHERLAND AND THE SHIPPING CONFERENCE,\n\nThat hardy annual, the subject of teaching the Chinese to speak English, was again in evidence at the distribution of prizes at Sir THOMAS SUTHERLAND'S speeches at the Queen's College on Friday last, when Sir JOHN CARMINGTON was the orator of the occasion. Far be it from us to depreciate the importance of teaching English to the Chinese, especially so, as Sir THOMAS dealt with the important and vexed question of the Shipping Conference. There is also a reference to Hongkong, to the disposal of the Company's property in this colony, and to the revolution which has passed over the business of steamship companies since the opening of the Suez Canal. The Shipping Conference, however, was the main subject dealt with, and it must be admitted that the speaker made a remarkably able and effective defence of the general principle involved, viz., that of combination amongst steamship owners, though he did not dispose of all the complaints of shippers. It was shown that regular lines could not be maintained without some agreement amongst themselves as to rates. To that the shipper can hardly object, for though his interest is in favour of low charges, he must recognise the shipowners' right to a profit and be prepared to pay for the greater regularity of communication which the established lines afford over tramp steamers. But what is objected to is the preferential treatment accorded to the Conference lines in competition with the outsider ships from British ports, and it is on that point that Sir THOMAS SUTHERLAND'S speech will be subjected to the closest scrutiny. Dealing with the freight on iron and iron materials, which form the chief export from Antwerp, it was stated that some time ago there was great struggle between certain German lines which brought the freight down to 10s. a ton or even lower. When the P. & O. Company found that this cut-throat competition was not to be an affair of days or weeks, but that it was pretty sure to continue until one of the German lines swallowed up the other, they lowered the freight at Middlesbrough from 15s. to 10s., or whatever the rate was from Antwerp, and he believed their example was followed in Liverpool and the rate similarly reduced there. If that course was always followed there would be no cause of complaint. But the inquiry instituted by Mr. CHAMBERLAIN with reference to the trade of British colonies and foreign competition brought to light several instances in which foreign trade received the benefit of preferential freights. The Hongkong Committee drew attention to the fact that the rates of freight on piece goods charged at that time by the Conference steamers from New York to Hongkong and Shanghai averaged from 25s. to 30s. per ton as compared with 57s. 6d. from London and Liverpool. At Cape Colony also it was stated that freight was the main factor in letting in the United States, 22s. 6d. per ton being charged for furniture from New York and 31s. 3d. to 33s. 6d. from London. Even if differences such as these exist only for a time they must nevertheless exercise a considerable influence while they last and give the foreigner an opportunity of securing a footing in markets that were previously supplied from Great Britain.\n\nAt the same time it is as well to recognise that when a person goes to one of Her Majesty's foreign dominions populated by native races he cannot reasonably expect to find English the common language of the people, is it? In India and the Straits Settlements the European population find it convenient to learn the native language in order to be able to communicate with their servants and tradesmen, and were the Chinese language less difficult no doubt the same course would be adopted in Hongkong; but as Chinese is not a language that can be picked up, and as few can afford the time and large expenditure of effort requisite for its systematic study, we have to get on as best we can with the aid of \"pidgin\" English or the aid of interpreters.\n\nThe wonder is, having regard to the character of the population, that English will carry a person through as well as it does. Every Englishman of course hopes for the time when English will be the universal language, and it is the duty of a colony situated as Hongkong is, on the borders of an empire numbering over three hundred million, to do its best to bring about that desired consummation; but the Chief Justice says that when he came to the colony, about twenty months ago, he was very much struck with the general ignorance of the English language which prevails among the Chinese population of Hongkong. Having given a number of instances of this ignorance, His Honour said, \"Now this is a strange state of things, and we look to Queen's College to remedy this state of things.\" But there is in reality nothing at all strange about it. We have in Hong Kong but a very small indigenous population, the great bulk of the inhabitants being persons born in China who have never had the opportunity of learning English even if they had the inclination. Of the 201,528 of Chinese land population enumerated at the census taken last year only 9,033 returned themselves as having been born in Hongkong, and a still smaller number, namely, 1,523, acknowledged the colony as their native place. Taking an outside estimate, therefore, hardly more than five per cent. of the population can have come under the influence of our local educational agencies. Small wonder, then, that the bulk of the population are unable to speak English. If Queen's College were required to remedy this state of things it would have to establish branch schools in all the towns and villages of the province of Kwangtung, from which the population is chiefly drawn. But even if the alien character of the population were less pronounced than it is we still fail to see that there would be cause for surprise in the fact that the majority can speak only their own language.\n\n## THE SANITARY BOARD AND OBSTRUCTIONS IN LANES.\n\nAt the meeting of the Sanitary Board on Thursday there was considered an application for the renewal of a lease of Crown land in Lan Kwai Fong Lane. The application had been referred to the Sanitary Board because the property affected obstructs the entrance to the lane, access to which is gained by an archway under the house. The Medical Officer of Health opposed the granting of the application, and was supported by Mr. EDE, whereas the Director of Public Works proposed that the lease be extended as an annual lease so long as the lane continues in its present position and the houses are not raised higher. The Hon. F. H. MAY, who presided, seconded the Hon. R. D. ORMSBY'S amendment, but, the Board being equally divided, declined to give a casting vote, and the question, so far as the Sanitary Board is concerned, is thus left open. The Government really is, but it appears clear that some very definite line has been laid down, and much curiosity must be felt as to its character. The circumstances of Korea are radically different from those of China and call for different treatment.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-290 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 387016, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902", "page_number": 471, "title": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902", "content_text": "## Domestic\n\n**C.O. 28391**\n**No. 28 391**\n\n### House of Commons\n**Western Housing**\n11 July 1902\n\n**466 DOMESTIC**\n\nMr. Master of Elibank,- To ask the Secretary of State for the Colonies, if he is aware that Sikhs who have served in the British Colonial Service are now in the service of a Foreign Power; and, if so, whether he will consider the advisability of making a condition of pension that the recipient should not enter the service of a Foreign Power.\n\nfor oral reply.\n\nMere fines for contravening the Building Bye laws when making alterations & additions by departing from the plans which had been deferred with the P.toD and approved. Before framing an exact answer, especially regarding the question of compensation, I have enquired. \n\n\"43 persons lost their lives through the accident in question, which was due to defects in the construction of the building. The owner and builder of the structure were Chinamen.\"\n\nThe names of the deceased have not been reported. The name of the architect responsible for the recent structural alterations was Mr. Hazeland. I am not aware whether or not any compensation has been given to the families or dependents of the deceased, but I will enquire.\n\n(Minutes.)\n\nMonday 14 July\n\nI have enquired in other Departments, and though Sikhs may have been occasionally, temporarily employed by some other Governments, I am satisfied that your Eastern Colonies are the only ones who have employed them regularly under contract, when they have qualified for pension; perhaps you will therefore suffice.\n\n↓ \n\nIt is possible the question may relate to some Sikhs employed in South African Protectorates or in German East Africa.\n\nMr. Lucas\n1. Reply is brought. No such cases have come to my notice, and I am therefore not...\n\n| Date | Reference |\n| ---------- | ------------------------ |\n| 8 April | WH&L(78)—&CSSA—20000-18-91 |\n| 21/3 | |\n\n**Last previous Paper:** 37\n**Next subsequent Paper:** ... \n\nCP.L 29 \n`GR1178/1922/32(III)` \n`XCR(85)72`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 397915, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-330 - Public Offices - 1905", "page_number": 405, "title": "CO129-330 - Public Offices - 1905", "content_text": "## \n398 \n\n2 \n\nand Swatow. In Tangkow, in 1902, there were 30 coasting-vessels and 6 river-steamers sailing under the German flag. How important the Chinese service is to the largest shipping concerns, the Hamburg-American and the North German Lloyd lines, is shown by the imposing fleet of vessels in the Chinese service of both these lines. In the trans-oceanic trade with Shanghae, these two Companies maintained, in 1902, 11 Imperial mail-steamers and 23 other steam-ships. In the coasting trade, they had 8 and in the river traffic 6 steam-ships, to which must be added 24 steam-ships of other German Companies in Hankow, all of which are employed in the foreign and coasting trade of Shanghae, the great centre of the Chinese interior trade. The German flag was not represented in carrying freight in 1892; 15 per cent. of the total importations of that city were brought in German ships in 1902. The East Asiatic steam-boat line, subsidized by the Empire, carried 9,812 persons to the East in 1902, and on the homeward trips 10,400. The outward freight carried amounted to 181,936 tons, valued at 55,444,000 dollars, of which 94,769 tons, worth 21,705,600 dollars, went to the Orient. Of these, 64,049 tons, worth 12,709,200 dollars, were German products. In other words, 67.6 per cent. of the total tonnage and 58.5 per cent. of the total value were German. The return freight amounted to 87,167 tons, worth 33,955,000 dollars. Of this, 49,689 tons, valued at 8,330,000 dollars, or 57 per cent. of the total freight and 24.6 per cent. of the total value, were destined for Germany.\n\nThe German Shantung Railroad, between Tsingtau and Tsinan-fu, is finished. Over its tracks are running German locomotives and German cars, both passenger and freight. An exceedingly fine saloon car, formerly on exhibition at Düsseldorf, is used on this line. Up to November 1st, 1902, 22 locomotives, 28 passenger cars, 10 express cars, 218 freight cars, and 245 coal cars were sent out to this road. At the present time, German engineers are busy with the building of a second German railroad in China. Its completion is practically secured through German capital. It is intended to unite Tien-tsin, the great commercial centre of the north, with the Yang-tsze by means of two very valuable branches penetrating still farther into the interior. For carrying out the preliminary work of this road, a combination, known as the German-Chinese Railroad Company, has been formed, with an original capital of 2,350,000 dollars.\n\nThe German Shantung Mining Company is working hand in hand with the Shantung Railroad. It is producing and selling coal which, according to the testimony of experts, is destined to play an important role in the East Asiatic market. It is said to be superior to Japanese coal in heating power and to make less smoke. The market for this coal, both in the interior of Shantung and along the coast, is secured through the arrangement of cheap prices for transportation over the Shantung Railroad. Thus both of these enterprises give promise of profits and look out upon a favourable future. Previous results in the matter of mining give promise to the railroad of the profitable transportation of coal.\n\nA second Mining Company in Tsingtau, the German Society for Mining Industrial Effort Abroad, has begun to mine in five zones in Shantung which have been conceded to it by the Chinese Government. They are working on various kinds of ores, among them gold.\n\nIf we look on the German spheres of interest outside of Shantung, we find in Shanghae, for example, two German Stock Companies, with a working capital of 238,000 dollars. These Companies are engaged in the weaving of silk and cotton goods. There are, in addition, 2,880,000 dollars of German capital engaged in cotton spinning in Shanghae, 1,500,000 dollars in selling silk, 1,500,000 dollars in flour mills, and large amounts in Agricultural Companies, banks, wharves, docks, gas-houses, &c. In numerous other places in China, large sums of German capital have been invested in all kinds of industrial enterprises, although it would be hard to obtain exact figures in regard to them.\n\nStill another picture—the German merchant in China. The old-time distinguished and well-known expert merchant, a man of industry and cleverness, supported by considerable financial means, is to be found in all important places along the coast, and in recent years in places in the interior. Shanghae alone has at least 68 large German firms, whose annual turnover amounts to 28,560,000 dollars, or 22 per cent. of the total turnover of the city of Shanghae. After Shanghae, Tien-tsin is the most germanized city in China. It has 29 large German firms working, with an active capital of 4,552,000 dollars. The Germans' part in the business of that city amounts to 50 per cent. of the total imports and 45 per cent. of the total exports. In Canton, 12 German commercial houses are stationed, doing 50 per cent. of the total import and 75 per cent. of the total export business. Chefoo has 4 German firms, with a capital of 357,000 dollars; Amoy has 3 German firms, with a capital of 71,400 dollars. Of the other Treaty ports, Swatow, Fuchow, and Hankow are domiciles of large German firms. Germany's share in the imports of Hankow is placed at 2,850,000 dollars, and her share in exports at 700,000 dollars to 900,000 dollars.\n\nThe trade with China has made it necessary to establish a German Asiatic Bank, with its principal quarters at Shanghae and branch houses in Tien-tsin, Peking, Hong Kong, Tsingtau, and Hankow. This bank declared dividends in 1902 of 9 per cent., and for this year, there is every prospect for a favourable dividend.\n\nIs China important for its imports of German wares? Germany's foreign trade statistics put China with Macao and Hong Kong and Kiao-chan by themselves. In the year 1902, goods worth 9,020,200 dollars were exported to China, including Macao, from Germany. Almost every important branch of German industry is represented in these exports.\n\n### PRINCIPAL Exports from Germany to China in 1902\n\n| Articles | Value (Dollars) | Articles | Value (Dollars) |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Aniline dyes | 1,547,000 | Wares made of precious metals | 119,000 |\n| Woollen wares | 1,287,600 | Iron bars | 95,200 |\n| Passementerie | 642,600 | Clocks | 95,200 |\n| Fine on wares | 571,200 | Machinery | 476,000 |\n| Beer | 95,200 | Mercury | 285,000 |\n| Sugar | 95,200 | Nickel | ... |\n| | | Cotton tissues | 261,800 |\n| | | Copper | 261,800 |\n| | | Woollen yarn | 142,800 |\n| | | Cotton goods (Hosiery) | 142,800 |\n| | | Indigo | 142,800 |\n| | | Brass wares | 142,800 |\n| | | Raw sugar | 119,000 |\n\nDuring the same year, German exports to Hong Kong amounted to 952,000 dollars; and to the Protectorate of Kiao-chau to 1,642,200 dollars. This is by no means an exact picture of our trade in China; it deals only with our direct exports thereto, to which should be added our indirect exports, but, unfortunately, these cannot be reduced to figures.\n\n## German Outlook in the Orient\n\nIn the foregoing, we have given some data worth consideration. Although they do not exhaust the question, they show that German interests in the East deserve attention. But it is not by the conditions of yesterday or to-day, measured by figures, that we are to indicate the vast prospects which await the Germans in China and in the Chinese market. The entire situation in the world's market, the signs of the times, the great competitions of the people, rapidly assuming other forms than they have hitherto had, must be placed in the equation.\n\n## Inclosure 3 in No. 1\n\n**Memorandum by Mr. Jamieson with regard to the Statements contained in the Publication of the Central Union for the Preparation of Trade Treaties, Berlin, on the Subject of Germany's Interests in China**\n\n**(Confidential)**\n\nThe publication under review is confessedly an attempt to persuade the Little-Germans, who are somewhat weary of costly non-productive over-sea possessions, of the rich harvest the German manufacturer may expect to reap in China, and of the great part German shipping plays in Far Eastern waters. It is, therefore, only to be expected that, in describing \"das, was Deutsche Männerkraft im Osten geschaffen und errungen hat,\" to borrow one of the grandiloquent phrases recently used by a speaker on the occasion of laying the foundation stone of some German building, there should be no lack of self-glorification, or that, in painting the picture of the future which awaits", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-330 - Public Offices - 1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 398017, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-330 - Public Offices - 1905", "page_number": 507, "title": "CO129-330 - Public Offices - 1905", "content_text": "## \n500 \n\nand Swatow. In Hankow, in 1902, there were 30 coasting-vessels and 6 river-steamers sailing under the German flag. How important the Chinese service is to the largest shipping concerns, the Hamburg-American and the North German Lloyd lines, is shown by the imposing fleet of vessels in the Chinese service of both these lines. In the trans-oceanic trade with Shanghae, these two Companies maintained, in 1902, 11 Imperial mail steamers and 23 other steam-ships. In the coasting trade, they had 5 and in the river traffic 6 steam-ships, to which must be added 24 steam-ships of other German Companies, all of which are employed in the foreign and coasting trade of Shanghae.\n\nIn Hankow, the great centre of the Chinese interior trade, the German flag was not represented in carrying freight in 1892: 15 per cent. of the total importations of that city were brought in German ships in 1902. The East Asiatic steam-boat line, subsidized by the Empire, carried 9,812 persons to the East in 1902, and on the homeward trips 10,400. The outward freight carried amounted to 181,936 tons, valued at 55,444,000 dollars, of which 94,769 tons, worth 21,705,600 dollars, went to the Orient. Of these, 64,049 tons, worth 12,709,200 dollars, were German products. In other words, 67.6 per cent. of the total tonnage and 58.5 per cent. of the total value were German. The return freight amounted to 87,167 tons, worth 33,955,000 dollars. Of this, 49,689 tons, valued at 8,330,000 dollars, or 57 per cent. of the total freight and 24.6 per cent. of the total value, were destined for Germany.\n\nThe German Shantung Railroad, between Tsingtau and Tsinan-fu, is finished. Over its tracks are running German locomotives and German cars, both passenger and freight. An exceedingly fine saloon car, formerly on exhibition at Düsseldorf, is used on this line. Up to November 1st, 1902, 22 locomotives, 28 passenger cars, 10 express cars, 213 freight cars, and 245 coal cars were sent out to this road. At the present time, German engineers are busy with the building of a second German railroad in China. Its completion is practically secured through German capital. It is intended to unite Tien-tsin, the great commercial centre of the north, with the Yang-tsze by means of two very valuable branches penetrating still farther into the interior. For carrying out the preliminary work of this road, a combination, known as the German-Chinese Railroad Company, has been formed, with an original capital of 2,380,000 dollars.\n\nThe German Shantung Mining Company is working hand in hand with the Shantung Railroad. It is producing and selling coal which, according to the testimony of experts, is destined to play an important role in the East Asiatic market. It is said to be superior to Japanese coal in heating power and to make less smoke. The market for this coal, both in the interior of Shantung and along the coast, is secured through the arrangement of cheap prices for transportation over the Shantung Railroad. Thus both of these enterprises give promise of profits and look out upon a favourable future. Previous results in the matter of mining give promise to the railroad of the profitable transportation of coal.\n\nA second Mining Company in Tsingtau, the German Society for Mining Industrial Effort Abroad, has begun to mine in five zones in Shantung which have been conceded to it by the Chinese Government. They are working on various kinds of ores, among them gold.\n\nIf we look on the German spheres of interest outside of Shantung, we find in Shanghae, for example, two German Stock Companies, with a working capital of 238,000 dollars. These Companies are engaged in the weaving of silk and cotton goods. There are, in addition, 2,380,000 dollars of German capital engaged in cotton spinning in Shanghae, 1,500,000 dollars in selling silk, 1,500,000 dollars in flour mills, and large amounts in Agricultural Companies, banks, wharves, docks, gas-houses, &c. In numerous other places in China, large sums of German capital have been invested in all kinds of industrial enterprises, although it would be hard to obtain exact figures in regard to them.\n\nStill another picture—the German merchant in China. The old-time distinguished and well-known expert merchant, a man of industry and cleverness, supported by considerable financial means, is to be found in all important places along the coast, and in recent years in places in the interior. Shanghae alone has at least 68 large German firms, whose annual turnover amounts to 28,560,000 dollars, or 22 per cent. of the total turnover of the city of Shanghae. After Shanghae, Tien-tsin is the most germanized city in China. It has 29 large German firms working, with an active capital of 4,552,000 dollars. The Germans' part in the business of that city amounts to 60 per cent. of the total imports and 45 per cent. of the total exports. In Canton, 12 German commercial houses are stationed, doing 50 per cent. of the total import and 75 per cent. of the total export business. Chefoo has 4 German firms, with a capital of 357,000 dollars; Amoy has 3 German firms, with a capital of 71,400 dollars. Of the other Treaty ports, Swatow, Fuchow, and Hankow are domiciles of large German firms. Germany's share in the imports of Hankow is placed at 2,850,000 dollars, and her share in exports at 700,000 dollars to 900,000 dollars.\n\nThe trade with China has made it necessary to establish a German Asiatic Bank, with its principal quarters at Shanghae and branch houses in Tien-tsin, Peking, Hong Kong, Tsingtau, and Hankow. This bank declared dividends in 1902 of 9 per cent., and for this year, there is every prospect for a favourable dividend.\n\nIs China important for its imports of German wares? Germany's foreign trade statistics put China with Macao and Hong Kong and Kiao-chau by themselves. In the year 1902, goods worth 9,020,200 dollars were exported to China, including Macao, from Germany. Almost every important branch of German industry is represented in these exports.\n\n### PRINCIPAL Exports from Germany to China in 1902\n| Articles | Value (Dollars) | Articles | Value (Dollars) |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Aniline dyes | 1,547,000 | Wares made of precious metals | 119,000 |\n| Needles | 1,237,600 | Iron bars | 95,200 |\n| Woollen wares | 642,600 | Clocks | 95,200 |\n| Passementerie | 571,200 | Machinery | 95,200 |\n| Fine iron wares | 261,800 | Copper | 71,400 |\n| Beer | 261,800 | Cotton tissues | 71,400 |\n| Coarse iron wares | 142,800 | Cotton trimmings | 71,400 |\n| Woollen yarn | 142,800 | Spun silk | 71,400 |\n| Sugar | 142,800 | Raw sugar | 71,400 |\n| Cotton goods (hosiery) | 476,000 | Mercury | 285,000 |\n| Indigo | ... | Nickel | ... |\n| Brass wares | ... | | |\n\nDuring the same year, German exports to Hong Kong amounted to 952,000 dollars; and to the Protectorate of Kiao-chau to 1,642,200 dollars. This is by no means an exact picture of our trade in China; it deals only with our direct exports thereto, to which should be added our indirect exports, but, unfortunately, these cannot be reduced to figures.\n\n## German Outlook in the Orient\n\nIn the foregoing, we have given some data worth consideration. Although they do not exhaust the question, they show that German interests in the East deserve attention. But it is not by the conditions of yesterday or to-day, measured by figures, that we are to indicate the vast prospects which await the Germans in China and in the Chinese market. The entire situation in the world's market, the signs of the times, the great competitions of the people, rapidly assuming other forms than they have hitherto had, must be placed in the equation.\n\n## Inclosure 3 in No. 1\n\n**Memorandum by Mr. Jamieson with regard to the Statements contained in the Publication of the Central Union for the Preparation of Trade Treaties, Berlin, on the Subject of Germany's Interests in China.**\n\n**(Confidential.)**\n\nThe publication under review is confessedly an attempt to persuade the Little-Germans, who are somewhat weary of costly non-productive over-sea possessions, of the rich harvest the German manufacturer may expect to reap in China, and of the great part German shipping plays in Far Eastern waters. It is, therefore, only to be expected that, in describing \"das, was Deutsche Männerkraft im Osten geschaffen und errungen hat,\" to borrow one of the grandiloquent phrases recently used by a speaker on the occasion of laying the foundation stone of some German building, there should be no lack of self-glorification, or that, in painting the picture of the future which awaits", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-330 - Public Offices - 1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 405977, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10]", "page_number": 519, "title": "CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10]", "content_text": "512\n\nsame place were looking on and doing nothing. The services of the two persons last mentioned have been brought to the notice of the Trustees of the Belilios Fund.\n\nParagraph 49.\n\nTo the kind messages of sympathy already reported are to be added one from the Governor-General of Indo-China who sent his condolences and those of the French Colonies and Protectorates in a letter to the French Consul here and referred to the vast commercial transactions between Hongkong and Indo-China and one from Rear-Admiral Truppel who in a letter to me expressed his own deep sympathy and that of the German Protectorate of Kiouchow with Hongkong in its misfortune.\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nMy Lord,\n\nYour Lordship's most obedient,\n\nhumble servant,\n\nM. Nathan\n\nGovernor, &C.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 406816, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906", "page_number": 112, "title": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906", "content_text": "(This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.)\n\n# CHINA TRADE.\n\n## CONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[949]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n109\n\n[January 8.]\n\nSECTION K), 4042\n\nSir E. Satow to the Marquess of Lansdowne.--(Received January 1906)\n\n(No. 378.) My Lord,\n\nPeking, November 13, 1905.\n\nIN my despatch No. 280 of the 7th August I had the honour to transmit translation of the draft of a new Commercial Treaty then being negotiated between Germany and China, which Sir Pelham Warren had derived from a Chinese source.\n\nThese negotiations have now been suspended, and Dr. Knappe, the German Commissioner engaged upon them, has left Shanghae for home.\n\nI learn from my German colleague that the Chinese Plenipotentiaries displayed no disposition to accord to Germany any privileges other or greater than what were conceded in the Treaties with Great Britain, Japan, and the United States, and that personally he did not see what advantage was to be gained by concluding a Treaty which was a mere copy of the others. I gather also from him that he was not in favour of giving to China any undertaking with regard to the eventual abolition of Consular jurisdiction, such as is contained in Article XII of the British Treaty of 1902. In view of the way in which the Chinese Board of Commerce, in their Memorandum on trade-mark legislation, forwarded in my despatch No. 352 of the 26th ultimo, have already tried to twist the wording of that Article to their own advantage, I confess that it does not appear to me a matter of regret if other Powers decline to follow our example in this instance.\n\nA well-informed Chinese newspaper has recently thrown some light on the points of difference between the German and Chinese negotiators which have caused the present deadlock. Some of these were mere verbal modifications insisted on by the Chinese, but in Article III the phrase \"Germans and German-protected persons (\"Schutzgenossen\") appears to have acted as a real stumbling-block. Who are German-protected persons? An attempt was made to explain this expression as indicating foreigners of another nationality, who, in consequence of their having no diplomatic or Consular Representative in China, have been, or may be, placed under German protection. The Chinese negotiators doubtless thought that Chinese inhabitants of the leased territory of Kiao-chou might be intended to come within this category, while it no doubt covers the natives of German Colonies or Protectorates, who cannot be held to be Germans in the strict acceptance of the word. In any case, \"Schutzgenossen\" must have appeared to them as a suspicious innovation, as the Treaty of 1861 between the German Zollverein and China mentions only \"sujets des Etats Allemands Contractants,\" and in the supplementary Convention of 1880 the term used is \"German subjects.\"\n\nThe principal objection of the Chinese negotiators was doubtless Article I, the draft of which runs as follows:----\n\n\"The Chinese Government having, in Treaties with the Governments of Great Britain and Ireland, the United States of America, Japan, and Portugal, provided for the abolition of the system of taxation at present existing under the name of li-kin in return for the increase of the import and export duties, whilst the coming into force of these stipulations has been made dependent on their acceptation by all the Treaty Powers, it will be necessary to settle this question by an International Agreement. The German Government declares itself ready to take part in this settlement, which, in particular, must insure the complete abolition of li-kin on the part of China.\" (Translation from the German text.)\n\nAt first sight it might appear that a proposal to submit the li-kin question to a Conference of the Powers was only calculated to delay still further the solution of this question, which has been the cause of so many disputes and discussions in the past. It must, however, not be forgotten that the execution of Article VIII of the Mackay Treaty, elaborately providing for the abolition of li-kin in return for a surtax upon imports and exports, depends entirely upon the good faith of China, and I regret to say that the conduct of the Chinese Government, and especially of the provincial authorities...\n\n[1830 h-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 411402, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 579, "title": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\nNo. 1.\n\n573\n\nMarch 13, 1907 \nSECTOR 10 APR 07, FR 07\n\n### Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received March 23.)\n\n**(No. 54. Confidential.)**\n\nPeking, January 30, 1907.\n\nTHE exclusive protectorate over Catholic missionaries in the East which France exercised for fully a quarter of a century after the Tien-tsin Treaty of 1858 has undergone considerable modifications of recent years. The attitude of the French Government towards the Church in France is reacting to some extent on the situation in the East, and the improved relations between the Italian Government and the Vatican have also probably contributed to the change.\n\nIn 1888, Germany and Italy both made arrangements, embodied in an exchange of notes with the Tsung-li Yamên, in accordance with which the German and Italian missionaries in China were to be considered as coming within the jurisdiction of their respective Legations. Germany lost no time in bringing this agreement into operation, and the large German Mission in Shantung was at once placed under the charge of its own Legation, and served some years later as an important instrument in the advancement of German designs in that province.\n\nAlthough Italy had, during the Franco-Chinese war of 1884, taken under her protection all the Catholic Missions in China, she made no attempt for a considerable time to enforce the compact of 1888. After the Boxer outbreak of 1900, the Italian Mission in Shansi pressed their claims for an indemnity through their own Legation, and the result was so satisfactory that the Bishop on his own authority transferred his allegiance from the French to the Italian Legation. For this, he was recalled, but the Mission continued to remain under its own Legation. Since then, the Italian Missions in Honan and Kiangsi have followed the same course, and the probability is that the French protectorate will soon be confined to the Belgians, who are perforce obliged to accept it in the absence of any prospect of protection on the part of their own authorities.\n\nThe change does not imply any abatement of the pretensions of Catholic missionaries in China, for the Italian Legation claims for its missionaries all the privileges conceded to the French by the Agreement of the 25th March, 1899.\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN. \n`[2418-2]`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 411572, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 72, "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## STATEMENT showing Strength and Distribution of foreign Troops in North China, corrected to February 1907.\n\n| Stations | American | Austrian | Belgians* | British | Native | French | German | Italian | Japanese | Netherlands.* | Russian |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Peking... | 119 | | | 173 | 1 | 207 | 12 | | | | |\n| Huang-tsun | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| Lang-fang | | | | | | | | | 2 | | |\n| Yang-ts'un | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| Tien-tsin... | 197 | 32 | | 226 | 12 | 556 | 702 | | 245 | | 121 |\n| Chun-liang-cheng | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| Tang-ku.. | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| Tong-shan | | | | | | | | | 578 | | 108 |\n| La-t'ai | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| Ta-ku | | | | | | | | | 2 | | 103 |\n| | | | | | | | | | 1,827 | | |\n| Lan cho .. | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| Chang-li | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |\n| Ma-fang | | | | | | | | | 84 | | 725 |\n| | | | | | | | | | 3 | | 116 |\n| | | | | | | | | | 116 | | 6,312 |\n| | | | | | | | | | 1 | | 34 |\n| | | | | | | | | | 7 | | 131 |\n| | | | | | | | | | | | 09 |\n| | | | | | | | | | 1,157 | | 1 |\n| | | | | | | | | | 1 | | 41 |\n| Chin-wang-tao | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| Pei-tai-ho. | | | | | | | | | 2 | | 459 |\n| Shan-hai-kuan | | | | | | | | | 4 | | |\n| Totals in Chih-li,. | 322 | 32 | | 399 | 13 | 763 | 714 | | 4,038 | | 8,871 |\n| | | | | 580 | 1,560 | | | | 73 | 1,311 | 31 |\n\nTien-tsin, March 7, 1907.\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n### No. 1.\n\n[April 26.]\n\n## SECTION 2.\n\n**(No. 90. Secret.)**\n\nSir,\n\n**Sir Edward Grey to Mr. H. Lowther.**\n\nForeign Office, April 26, 1907.\n\nTHE Japanese Ambassador told me to-day that the Japanese Government had made a counter-proposal to the proposal made to them by the French Government, as described in my despatch `No. 79` of the 12th instant. It consisted of one Article in two parts.\n\nThe first part was to the effect that France and Japan, being anxious to see good order and peaceful development in the parts of China adjoining the territories in which either of them had rights of sovereignty, protectorate, or occupation, mutually agreed to work together to insure peace and security in their respective territories. In connection with this part, a Secret Article would be added to the effect that the Province of Fo-kien was considered as covered by this description owing to its proximity to Formosa.\n\nThe second part of the Article would say that Japan and France agreed to give each other most-favoured-nation treatment in these territories of theirs. Tonquin and Cochin China were not at present included in the Japanese Treaty with France, and this was the reason for the second part of the Article.\n\nI found a little difficulty in understanding the wording of the first part of the Article. The words would read as if Japan and France were promising to each other peace and security in their own dominions for the sake not of themselves, but of the neighbouring parts of China.\n\nThe Japanese Ambassador said that he himself thought it was a very curiously worded Article.\n\nI am, &c. (Signed) **E. GREY**.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 411697, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 197, "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n## SECTION 2\n\n### No. 1\n\n#### [12830] (No. 149.)\n\nSir F. Lascelles to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received April 22.)\n\nBerlin, April 16, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith a copy, together with a short précis of the contents, of the official Report of the development of the territory of Kiautschau for the year from the 1st October, 1905, to the 1st October, 1906, which has been presented to the Reichstag.\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) \n**FRANK C. LASCELLES**\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1\n\n#### Précis of Report on Kiautschau for the year 1905–1906\n\nTHE development in the Kiautschau territory during this year shows steady progress in all economic spheres, and previous expectations have been quite fulfilled. The Marine Administration, too, has developed in the same regular manner, and its growing importance has been justified by the development of the Colony so far. The Reports of the Marine Administration also go to show that the advancement of the Colony is due to the concord between the State organs and the representatives of economic interests, and the general development of the Colony, during the year under report, may be gauged from an examination of the figures in all branches of economic life, both in fiscal as well as other social and economic spheres.\n\n| Category | Previous Amount | Current Amount | Change |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Receipts of the Protectorate | 1,001,170 marks | 1,370,485 marks | 37% increase |\n| Trade from Tsingtau | 32.4 million dollars | 39.4 million dollars | - |\n| Shipping of the port of Tsingtau | - | 476,646 tons | 56,000 tons increase |\n| Passengers on Shantung Railway | 780,228 | 811,285 | - |\n| Freight on Shantung Railway | 279,740 tons | 377,649 tons | 13,716 waggons increase |\n\nThe economic development of the Colony is regarded as very favourable by impartial experts, especially, e.g., the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce in their last Report. Again, foreign nations are recognizing more and more the commercial importance of Tsingtau, and foreigners have even begun to trade actively in the Colony; the German Marine Administration regard this as favourable to the Colony in every way. The United States of America have appointed a Consul there, who began his duties at the end of the official year.\n\nThe economic development would have been still greater if, at certain moments, the entire commercial development of East Asia had not been unfavourably influenced, especially by the exceedingly high rate of money used in commerce, the Mexican dollar. The Report says an independent coinage is impossible, as the small Colony has the character of a place of transit rather than an independent territory, and such monetary isolation would be disadvantageous. Although the German Government were thus not in a position to bring about a change in the standard of money, they made successful attempts to facilitate the trade by keeping the same standard and circulating paper money.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 411767, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 267, "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## CONFIDENTIAL\n\n**C.O.**\n\n2\n\nPeking under the charge of a foreign Commissioner for the preparation of Chinese candidates for the Customs service. He told me some time ago that his Excellency Tong Shoo-yi had expressed a wish that it should train 100 pupils, but that he had himself advised making a start with about twenty.\n\n## Inclosure in No. 1.\n\nI have, &c.\n(Signed) **J. N. JORDAN**\n\n**Customs Circular dated February 8, 1907.**\n\nSERVICE expansion has made, and is making, so many calls on staff that it seems absolutely necessary to carry out former and repeated suggestions. More use must be made of Chinese employés, both indoor (by way of requiring them to take a larger share in the work generally confided to non-Chinese assistants) and out-door (by assigning to them such parts of tide-waiters' and examiners' duty as their qualifications can be made to fit them for). You must see that this is attended to.\n\nPeking, February 8, 1907.\n\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n[17078]\n\n(No. 224.) Sir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[May 27 1622 \n19 JUN 07 \n266 \n\n**Sir F. Lascelles to Sir Edward Grey.** ~(Received May 27.)\n\nBerlin, May 20, 1907.\n\nTHE gradual changes which are taking place in the Far East and in the position of European nations in those regions seem to be arousing the interest of German residents out there, and causing them to turn their attention more especially to the consideration of Germany's interests. In the May number of the Prussian Year-Books, Dr. Menge, a German resident in Tôkiô, contributes an interesting article discussing the advisability of Germany's retaining her protectorate over Kiaotchou.\n\nAfter describing the circumstances of the acquisition of this territory, Dr. Menge notes the altered conditions which have come over China since that acquisition. China has awakened to a sense of nationality and to the necessity of introducing reforms on her own account and modernizing herself generally if she wishes to maintain her existence in the world. The result is that she is opening her doors much more freely than formerly to foreign trade, and an activity in import and export trade is going on of which it is necessary that Germany should secure her share. But in order to insure a perfectly free and open commercial connection, there must be nothing in the political relations of the two countries that can impair their mutual confidence and good understanding.\n\nWith these premises, the writer asks whether Kiaotchou is of such value to Germany as to counterbalance the excellent moral effect upon the Chinese Government which would be gained by giving it up. And the answer in his view is a decided negative. Kiaotchou's commercial value is small in comparison with that of Tien-tsin to German trade, insignificant compared to that of Shanghae, and yet the Empire expends a sum of about 12,000,000 marks annually upon the territory. The trading conditions have, indeed, improved, but not in proportion to the expenditure incurred; and so far the only result achieved is the construction of an architecturally beautiful and sanitarily perfect German city in the Far East. It has no such prospects as Hong Kong or Shanghae, having no hinterland of importance, and not being in a central or advantageous position as regards trade routes. Development must be extremely slow at best, and, even that it should be slow, Germany must first have found some means of allaying Chinese mistrust and suspicions, which are the primary reason of the failure of German enterprise hitherto in the Far East.\n\nThus its Dr. Menge therefore considers that this suspicion would be entirely removed if Germany would consent to give up her protectorate over Kiaotchou, thereby showing that she has no political concerns in the Far East. There would then be no hindrance to the improvement of German commercial relations with China, nor would she have given up a military position, as Kiaotchou has no military value to her. She would suffer no loss of prestige, as she would give up the territory of her own free-will, in order to improve her position in the Far East; while Kiaotchou itself would become an international open port under Chinese sovereignty, in which the German traders already established there would continue to make freer use of their position already acquired.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed) **FRANK C. LASCELLES**\n\n[2494 dd-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416714, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 41, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "provided that when an Archbishop or Bishop asks for an interview with a Governor-General, Governor, Treasurer, Judge, Taotai, Prefect, Sub-Prefect, Department or District Magistrate, the Chinese official of any of the ranks above mentioned shall return the courtesy in accordance with the rank of the missionary.\n\nThe object of the Tsung-li Yamên in arranging definite rules for the relations between territorial officials and missionaries was to facilitate the settlement of missionary questions. As, however, it cannot be claimed that Bishops and others who are doing missionary work in China have in reality any official position they cannot be regarded as being of equal rank with Governor-Generals, Governors, or other officials. The attitude adopted by territorial officials towards missionaries in recent times has, too, been of quite a different character to that existing at the time when these Regulations were laid down. Furthermore, since these Regulations were promulgated there have been cases where missionaries have arrogated to themselves the use of the official insignia of territorial officials, and have thereby given rise to misconceptions in the minds of the ignorant populace. This was certainly not contemplated when the Regulations were issued, and the time is now opportune for introducing such modifications as will make them entirely satisfactory.\n\nThe Board request, therefore, that Imperial instructions be issued for the annulment of the provisions contained in the Tsung-li Yamên's Memorial regulating the official intercourse between territorial officials and missionaries in accordance with the rank of the missionaries, and that in future it shall only be necessary that the relations between territorial officials and missionaries shall, in accordance with Treaty provisions, be conducted with courtesy. On receipt of Imperial instructions to this effect the Board will at once issue the necessary directions to the provincial authorities for transmission to their subordinates.\n\nOn the 10th April the following Imperial Rescript was received:--\n\nApproved.\n\n<<\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum by Dr. Morrison,\n\nDURING recent years opportunity has been given me to travel in many provinces of China and to discuss, with all manner of men, every conceivable subject dealing with the Empire and its foreign relations. In all this time nothing has impressed me more deeply than the unanimity with which all disinterested observers have condemned Chinese procedure in connection with the Catholic question. Condemnation has indeed gone to the extent of affirming that, probably never in the history of any country has there been a more astonishing surrender of national dignity than when, on the 15th March, 1899 (4th day, 2nd moon, 25th year Kuang Hsü), Imperial assent was given to the Memorial of the Tsung-li Yamên granting Chinese official rank to Catholic missionaries, proclaiming throughout the Empire that a Catholic Bishop was entitled to the rank and dignity of a Viceroy, commanding that even the simplest priest should be accorded honour to that of a Prefect, and decreeing that Catholic functionaries should have the right to arrange affairs locally with the Chinese authorities. Now, in the great majority of cases the Bishop and the priests are of higher rank than the local authorities, for there are few Viceroys--at that time eight in all, now nine--while there are no less than forty-six Catholic Bishops equal in rank to Viceroys. There are 1,100 Catholic missionaries, a number far in excess of local authorities of equal rank, so that in many large areas the Catholic priest has the highest official rank in the whole district. What is the effect of this? If the Bishop and priest are conceded this authority by Imperial Decree, will they not use it? Will not Chinese of bad character join their Church in order to obtain the support of such high functionaries? It is a well-established fact that the exercise of authority and assumption of rank, voluntarily given by China in the Rescript above referred to, are a source of a large proportion of the trouble with which the authorities are confronted in the internal administration of the Empire.\n\nThis Rescript ought to be cancelled forthwith. No excuse, no apology. It is purely a question of internal administration. The Rescript was in reply to a Memorial of the Tsung-li Yamên. No explanation need be given; the Rescript has been a failure, circumstances have materially changed since that date. Fair trial has been given. The Rescript should now be withdrawn.\n\nI draw your attention to certain considerations:--\n\nThe\n\n1. In the Memorial the words \"France\" and \"French\" do not occur. The Memorial was in the interests of the Catholic religion. It was drawn up by Yu K'eng and by Bishop Favier, the latter negotiating not as a Frenchman, but as a Catholic.\n\n2. The Rescript has been adversely criticized by the best Frenchmen. No name stands higher in France than that of Henri Cordier, who is undoubtedly the leading French authority on China. In his work, \"Histoire des Relations de la Chine avec les Puissances Occidentales,\" vol. III, p. 468, M. Cordier, speaking of this Decree, says: “Jamais la France n'eut dû laisser commettre cette faute\" (Never ought France to have allowed this blunder to have been committed). He stigmatizes the Decree as no insignificant factor in the many causes which led to the anti-foreign outbreak of 1900. And he declares that \"ce Décret intempestif et impolitique doit être rapporté le plus tôt possible\" (this untimely and impolitic Decree ought to be withdrawn as soon as possible). When you have a French authority himself urging the repeal of the Decree you cannot lightly disregard his advice, especially as his words were written before those events in France which have led to the expulsion of the very Congregations whom France is protecting in China.\n\n3. Moreover, the Rescript is, I am certain, condemned by the present French Foreign Minister, M. Pichon. When M. Pichon was in Peking it was no secret that, personally, he condemned the Protectorate as disadvantageous to France, because it led to constant embroilment with the Chinese authorities, in cases in which Frenchmen, as such, had no interest. With M. Clemenceau, the Premier, sympathetic, and M. Pichon more than sympathetic, the time could not be better chosen for annulling the Decree. No true French interests would be assailed. On the contrary, there is not a French official in China who has not experienced the anomaly of his position in relation to the Catholic mission, he, the Representative of France, ranking and holding direct intercourse with the Taotai only, while his subject, the French Bishop, or his protégé, the Dutch or Belgian Bishop, have access on an equal footing to the Viceroy.\n\nYou seized the opportunity of the presence of Mr. John Morley in the India Office to undertake the task of opium suppression. You have the same, or even more favourable, opportunity with M. Pichon at the French Foreign Office to take in hand the Catholic question, and annul the Rescript which has been so subversive of the authority and dignity of your officials throughout the interior.\n\n4. When that Rescript was issued conditions in China were widely different. How could the Nanchang case have occurred if the Decree of the 15th March, 1899, had not been in existence? Moreover, it is the duty of every Chinese to encourage the national ambition, and to press forward the development of the consciousness of nationality, and how could greater help be given than by repealing a Decree which exalts a foreign missionary Bishop of no standing in his own country to the level of a Viceroy in the country in which he is a stranger? Have you ever seen the progress of a Bishop in the interior? He travels with the state of a Viceroy, with the paraphernalia of a Viceroy, and exacts the honours of a Viceroy. It is worth going to Ningpo--to speak of a port easily accessible--to see Mgr. Reynaud in procession, in order to realize how destructive of the national dignity has been that unfortunate Decree of the 15th March, 1899.\n\n5. Repeal of the Decree, without giving any reasons, or excuse, or apology, further than that the conditions have changed, would meet with the support of the entire English, American, and Japanese press, to cite only the three countries where the press is most powerful. Its repeal would be welcomed in Russia, in Germany--whose Throne is Protestant--and I am convinced it would be received without demur by the immense mass of public opinion in France.\n\n6. The Rescript having been repealed, China could then come into direct relations with the Pope. France at one time exercised the undisputed Catholic protectorate in China. Every Catholic missionary, no matter what his nationality, obtained his passport through the French Legation or through the French Consul. China even now recognizes the validity of such passports, although they are in many cases direct misrepresentations of the truth.\n\nA Dutchman, or Belgian, or Spaniard, or Portuguese, being a Catholic missionary, can claim a passport from the French authorities. That passport speaks of the bearer as \"our countryman\"—that is, declares him to be a Frenchman--and affirms that the bearer \"enjoys a good reputation in our country\"—that is, in France, though he may never have been in France. Why should China not dispute these passports? Why should China accept a Minister as \"Plenipotentiary\" when he is unable to issue a passport to his own Catholic missionary?\n\n7. As you know, Germany has renounced this protectorate. In 1882 the German Ambassador in Paris informed the French Government that in future his country would\n\n39", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422164, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 193, "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\nNo. 1.\n\n**REGP 5 MAY 09**\n\n191\n\n### SECTION 1.\n\nSir E. Goschen to Sir Edward Grey.(Received March 31.)\n\n**(No. 113.)**\nSir,\n\nBerlin, March 29, 1909.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that in its sitting of the 27th instant the Reichstag passed the estimates for the German Protectorate of Kiaochow.\n\nThe Secretary of State for the Navy, Admiral von Tirpitz, said that Germany had every reason to be satisfied with the industrial and commercial development of Tsingtau, which had proceeded much more rapidly than the Naval Administration had expected. He pointed out that after fifteen years' existence the state of Hong Kong had been so backward that there had been a question of giving it up; Tsingtau, on the other hand, after only eleven years, ranked in importance commercially seventh among the Treaty ports. In this brief period a flourishing colony of 40,000 Chinese had sprung up on what had formerly been only a barren rock.\n\nAdmiral von Tirpitz went on to say that, although the German export trade to Tsingtau was not at present very considerable, there was every prospect of its increasing. Orders for iron goods had recently been placed in Germany to the value of about 1,500,000. It should further be borne in mind that the Imperial statistics relating to trade with Kiaochow were not reliable, as goods destined for the Protectorate were in many cases declared for China. A striking example of this was to be found with regard to the export from Germany to Tsingtau of aniline dyes; the official returns gave the total amount as under 1,300l., whereas it was in reality nearly 150,000l., and Germany had already nearly obtained a monopoly in the import of this article in the North of China. It was extremely probable that the returns in other classes of exports to Kiaochow had been underestimated in the same manner.\n\nAdmiral von Tirpitz did not consider that the present military detachment in Tsingtau of 2,500 men was larger than was required for the safety of the European population in the Protectorate. Great economy had been exercised in the matter, and the annual cost of maintaining the detachment was only 300,000l.\n\nAs regards a mail steamer subvention, Admiral von Tirpitz said that such subvention was not for Tsingtau alone, but for the connection between Shanghai and Northern China, and that it would be absurd if a subsidized steam-ship line did not touch at Tsingtau, which was the only German Colony on the way. He called especial attention to the economy which had been exercised in the administration of Kiaochow, pointing out that in the course of a period of five years the Imperial subsidy to the Protectorate had been reduced by about 300,000l. Further efforts would be made in the same direction, and it was hoped that Tsingtau would eventually become self-supporting.\n\nI have, &c.\n(Signed) **W. E. GOSCHEN**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428610, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 535, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "C.O.\n\nC. 0.\n\nc. c. 532\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[8720]\n\n(No. 64.) Sir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nRECEIVED 21 APR 10\n\n[March 14.]\n\nSECTION 3.\n\nSir E. Goschen to Sir Edward Grey,-(Received March 14.)\n\nBerlin, March 10, 1910.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that the estimates for the protectorate of Kiaochow were discussed yesterday in the Budget Committee of the Reichstag.\n\nThe debate was, on the whole, favourable to the Government, and Admiral Tirpitz was able in most cases to dispose of the criticisms directed against the administration of the protectorate. Stated shortly, these criticisms were that the expenses of the protectorate, which amounted this year to 150,000,000 marks, were out of proportion to the results achieved; that sufficient attention was not paid to the wishes of the merchants engaged in business there, and that in fact their rights were more restricted and their interests less regarded than those of merchants of German nationality trading in the settlements of Shanghae and Canton; finally, that the often reiterated wish of the Kiaochow Chamber of Commerce to be given more independence of action had been totally disregarded.\n\nIt was further alleged that there were far too many officials in the protectorate, that the public buildings were in excess of what was required, and moreover built in a far too costly style, that the administration was run on extravagant lines, and that economy was urgently required in every department so as to reduce the amounts yearly contributed by the home Government to cover the expenses of the protectorate. On the other hand, the machinery for the administration of justice was compared favourably with that of other German colonies, and satisfaction was expressed at the establishment of a mortgage bank and a new high school. In this connection it was suggested that it would be well if those engaged in commerce and industry in the protectorate were themselves to do more to promote education by helping to establish schools in the hinterland of the colony, and it was pointed out that while the mission schools were doing good work they would be able to do much more if they were properly supported. The chief part of the criticisms came from the National Liberals and the Socialists, the latter declaring that the best thing, in view of the great expenses and small results, would be to give up the protectorate altogether. The Conservatives, on the other hand, gave unstinted praise to the administration, and said that though it was quite clear that from a military point of view the protectorate was valueless, it was nevertheless of the greatest value as a point from which to exercise influence on the future development of China. England, America, and Japan were all straining every nerve in that direction, and Germany ought to be thankful to the Minister of Marine and the officials under him for having administered Kiaochow in such a manner as to make it a model of German culture and civilisation.\n\nAdmiral Tirpitz denied that any extravagance existed in the administration of the protectorate. The expenditure of the year was not 150,000,000 but 130,000,000. The greatest economy had been observed, and the sums contributed by the home Government were year by year steadily decreasing, and the committee might be sure that autonomy in local affairs would be given at the earliest moment possible. He then made a short statement with regard to the economic development of the protectorate, pointing out that the import trade had considerably increased during the last quarter, that the big steam-ship companies were paying more and more attention to it, and that a considerable quantity of railway material had already been landed there for the new Tien-tsin-Pukow line. That, in fact, without Tsingtau Germany would not have been able to push her way into the Chinese railway business so quickly and so successfully as she had done. For this reason they had built the magnificent harbour, now admitted to be one of the best in the world. It was more important to get a start of some years in the matter of influencing the future economic development of China than to economise a few thousand marks. He added that the opinion of foreigners respecting the work done by Germany in the protectorate was most favourable, and that it had been said that Kiaochow bid fair to become the Shanghae of the north. After going into detail as to the public works constructed, and now under construction, in the protectorate, he said that the Government were doing all in their power to promote...\n\nPage 363\n\nPage 363\n\nPage 363\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government\n\nRECEIVED 21 APR 10\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[8306]\n\nSir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[March 16.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nSir Edward Grey to the Portuguese Chargé d'Affaires.\n\nForeign Office, March 16, 1910.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your note of the 7th instant, in which you draw my attention to further acts of aggression on the part of the Chinese in the disputed districts of Macao, and to inform you that a copy of your communication will be sent to His Majesty's Minister at Peking via Siberia on the 19th instant.\n\nIn the meantime a telegram has been addressed to him enquiring when the Chinese Minister to France is expected to arrive in Peking.\n\nI am, &c.\n\nE. GREY.\n\n[2675 q-1]\n\nPage 364\n\nPage 364\n\nPage 364", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 434556, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 557, "title": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n## CO 10672\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n\n### SECTION 4\n\n(No. 61.)\n\nSir E. Goschen to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received March 13.)\n\nBerlin, March 9, 1911.\n\nI HAVE the honour to forward herewith a despatch which I have received from Captain Watson, naval attaché to this embassy, relating to the debate in the Reichstag on the estimates for Kiao-chao.\n\nI have, &c. (for the Ambassador),\n\nRICHARD SEYMOUR.\n\n### Enclosure in No. 1\n\n(No. 7. **Confidential.**)\n\nCaptain Watson to Sir E. Goschen.\n\nBerlin, March 7, 1911.\n\nI HAVE the honour to forward summary of debate in Reichstag on estimates for Kiao-chao. The colony is under State Secretary for Navy for estimate purposes. Copies of the German Colonial estimates have been forwarded to the Admiralty.\n\n2. From the debate it would appear that though progress in trade has been made, it does not seem that the colony can yet be regarded otherwise than as a military post and model Government colony.\n\nIn regard to its forming a port of entry of German goods into China, it would seem Hong Kong and Shanghai still prevent Kiao-chao from becoming a large forwarding port for German trade, though progress has undoubtedly been made in this respect owing to railway development.\n\n3. It is noteworthy that the colony appears to pay its own expenses except military costs.\n\n4. The idea of giving some form of self-government to the colony is interesting. Also the measures adopted for preventing spread of the plague.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nHUGH WATSON,\nCaptain and Naval Attaché.\n\n### Summary of Discussion in Reichstag on Kiao-chao Budget, February 17, 1911\n\n1. Subsequent to the navy estimates, the budget for Kiao-chao was taken in the Reichstag, this budget coming under the Secretary of State for the Navy.\n\nBefore discussing Kiao-chao, Deputy Nacken, of Centre party, expressed the obligation of those invited to visit dockyards last year to the Secretary of State for the Navy. He also stated the suggestions made by the members visiting had been followed; and alluded particularly to the adoption at Wilhelmshaven of mercantile book-keeping, and anticipated that all would be convinced next year by results of its advantages. States that for the first time a balance appears in the budget of one of the Imperial departments. A sub-committee of the budget committee is still occupied in drawing up suggestions.\n\n2. In regard to Kiao-chao, he stated that trade of protectorate has grown to a gratifying extent. Colony pays its own expenses except military costs. Citizens of Tsingtau have extensive influence upon legal proceedings in the first and second courts. Development of the self-government of the citizens can no longer be delayed.\n\nResults of the various department administrations, with the exception of the dockyard, are satisfactory. Gratifying to know that mercantile book-keeping has been adopted in these departments.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 434557, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 558, "title": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "## 2 \n\n3. Deputy Eichhoff (Progressive People's party) praised administration and working of the colony. Thought personal allowance for the governor must cease with departure of Admiral Truppel. Considered population of Tsingtan ripe for self-government. Praised German high school as being useful in interest of language and civilisation.\n\n4. Admiral Tirpitz confirmed above two speakers as to progress in development of Kiao-chao in trade and organisation of the colony. Advocated the establishment of regular colonial professorships in Berlin and other places. Government were watching the progress of the plague in China, and hoped to overcome the difficulties caused by its outbreak.\n\n(The last telegram from the Governor of Tsingtau concerning the plague was read by Admiral von Tirpitz in the Reichstag, and is attached to this letter; also the steps which Admiral Tirpitz stated have been adopted in the colony for combating the plague.)\n\n5. Deputy Noske (Socialist) made attack on Government and Admiral Tirpitz. Said Social Democrats were never given same advantages as members of other parties. Attacked administration of the colony.\n\n6. Deputy Göreke (National Liberal), who had visited the colony, considered administration and development good and satisfactory; discussing the various problems to be worked out, alluded to Hong Kong, and stated that about fifteen to twenty years after occupation it was a question of whether British Government should retain it. Remarked that Kiao-chao compared favourably in that respect.\n\n7. Herr Ledebour (Socialist) considered possession of a post which was practically taken possession of by force of arms, is, and will remain, a source of international complications. Stated German imports in Tsingtau are declining. Urged colony should be given back to China.\n\n8. Admiral von Tirpitz stated that self-government in Tsingtau is difficult. That they had already offered the citizens a limited self-government, namely a representation based upon general and secret election, but this proposal has not been accepted. In reply to a remark by Socialists that the colony was a step to further annexation and was a source of international complications, stated Chinese had completely convinced themselves that the Germans, in particular, as compared with other nations, had no intention to make conquests. \"We should not only lose Tsingtau, but we should have to abandon altogether our whole political position in China. We should be compelled, among other things, also to withdraw our ships, and should have to have them docked and repaired elsewhere. I will mention no names. What effect the withdrawal of our ships would have in many respects, I do not need to explain to you.\" Spoke generally of the favourable development of trade of the colony.\n\n9. Dr. Arendt (Imperial party) attacked the Socialist (Deputy Ledebour), and urged loss of prestige to the German Empire if Kiao-chao were abandoned. Remarked: \"When Deputy Ledebour speaks of the magnanimity with which the English abandon similar possessions, this shows a lack of far-sighted observation of the English policy. When the English took possession of the Ionian Islands they had a strategic value, but lost it because they afforded no anchorage for modern vessels, therefore they were given to the Greeks as a present.\" Remarked that the Germans in China had not been so short-sighted.\n\n10. Deputy Ledebour (Socialist), in reply to remarks, said: \"I am said to have praised the magnanimity of the English, who abandoned the Ionian Islands. The English are not magnanimous and will never be so. I know them well enough. I have lived six years in England. But they were too wise and reasonable to retain Corfu, &c.; they had no strategic value for them. That Kiao-chao has for us a strategic value, was, in the speech of the State Secretary, only an echo from former times; the facts have, since the Russo-Japanese war, fundamentally changed.\" Urged that in Tsingtau, Chinese trade is promoted—not German trade. \"That German goods arrive in Shanghai, Hong Kong, &c., in China, is the best proof that Tsingtau has no importance.\"\n\n11. The vote was agreed to without further discussion.\n\n## 3 \n\n### Telegram from the Governor of Tsingtau regarding the Plague in China\n\nIN places remote from the railway, news of the plague is difficult to obtain. Only in Layang are deaths reported. Along the railroad the plague is spreading. In Tsinanfu there are deaths from plague among the Vth Chinese division. The settlement is closed; 45 kilom. south of the railroad, from Tsin-tsin to Pukin, a new plague centre; probably also in the Chinese town of Kiao-chao. 250 deaths are reported by Europeans from Chantung; also in Chifu, 200. Mines of Hungschau are working; Fangtse has stopped work (on account of Chinese New Year). Protectorate free; want of labourers in consequence of panic and war rumours; wages have risen, and they demand preventative measures, including free board in quarantine, to which the merchants contribute. The weather raw; the isolation promises success, but is hard. Therefore, with new men, without injury to health and discipline, isolation is only possible if for the present two officers and 358 men kept back.\n\nAdmiral Tirpitz then said: \"We have also in other respects taken every precautionary measure which science affords. We have, in the first place, retained two medical men, including the navy surgeon, Dr. Martini, one of the best pupils of the late Robert Koch, who in this connection rendered good service on account of his valuable experience in foreign countries. We have also a medical advanced post in Tsinanfu, which has to transmit the reports regarding the spread of the plague. We have also taken measures for obtaining lymph, establishment of quarantine hospitals, &c. Further, a hermetic isolation is carried out, namely, the whole length of our land defence position. The details have been given in the committee. The extraordinary advantage of such a land defence position is shown also in time of peace against the plague. Such a hermetic isolation is rather difficult, for it is always a question of from 5 to 6 kilom. of our land fortifications. We have also extended the isolation to the rest of the protectorate, and have also called in the aid of the Chinese country population. The latter has taken part with great activity in this voluntary work. It results that from this, in any case, our personnel has great influence with the Chinese in our protectorate, and that the Chinese population regards our administrative and sanitary activity with great confidence. The Chinese have now voluntary offered to carry out the isolation. It will be of interest to inspect some plague masks, which I have laid upon the table of the House, which are intended as a protection against dangerous inhalations.\" (Applause.)\n\n## 556", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 435069, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 483, "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "# [This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n1910.\n\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\n19697\n\n| Type | Newchwang | Dairen | Antung | Suifenho | Manchouli | Total |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Sheetings, Pieces | 581,484 | 377,938 | 322,089 | 296,473 | | 1,107,754 |\n| Shirtings, Pieces | 394,195 | 36,354 | 104,757 | 13,271 | | 474,091 |\n| Drills, Pieces | 105,192 | 41,553 | 15,902 | 16,922 | 6,132 | 446,563 |\n| Jeans, Pieces | | | | | 15 | 329,869 |\n| | | | | | 399 | |\n| | | | | | ... | |\n| **Grand total** | | | | | | 2,858,277 |\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\nREG `16 JUN 11`\n\n[May 15.]\n\n(No. 132.) Sir,\n\nSir E. Goschen to Sir Edward Grey-(Received May 15.)\n\nBerlin, May 9, 1911.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that a Bill authorising the issue of shares for small amounts within the administration of the consular courts and the protectorate of Kiao-Chow has passed the Federal Council, and has again been presented to the Reichstag. This Bill is a repetition of one which was thrown out last year. It provides for the possibility of issuing shares of less than 1,000 marks (50l.), but of not less than 200 marks (10l.), and contains other small amendments which will probably facilitate its passage through the Reichstag.\n\nThe fact that the principle prevailing in the Empire that no shares could be issued of less than 50l. also obtained in Kiao-Chow caused many persons wishing to form companies there to place themselves under English law. The \"Kölnische Zeitung\" says that the German Government is perturbed at seeing the number of English companies steadily increasing in the protectorate, and will therefore do its best to bring about the passage of the Bill this session.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nW. E. GOSCHEN.\n\n[2023 p-1] \n478", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 436064, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-385 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 274, "title": "CO129-385 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[46068]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[November 20.]\n\nSECTION 7.\n\n272\n\n(No. 382.) Sir,\n\nSir E. Goschen to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received November 20.)\n\nBerlin, November 16, 1911.\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 132 of the 9th May last, I have the honour to report that the Bill dealing with the issue of shares for small amounts within the administration of the consular courts and the protectorate of Kiaochow again came before the Reichstag on the 14th instant. Herr von Kiderlen-Waechter urged the House to accept the Bill, pointing out that German firms were otherwise compelled to place themselves under English law. As a matter of fact the prospects of the Bill appear to be more favourable than they were in May last. A proposal on the part of the National Liberals to refer the Bill to a special commission was rejected. It was, on the other hand, referred to the Budget Commission. The \"Kölnische Zeitung\" publishes a Berlin telegram stating that it is the business of the Budget Commission to see that the Bill thus entrusted to them is not rejected a second time, but that it becomes law in a form which may be of some use.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nW. E. GOSCHEN.\n\n[2248]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-385 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 436575, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-386 - Public Offices & Others - 1911", "page_number": 407, "title": "CO129-386 - Public Offices & Others - 1911", "content_text": "405\n\n2.\n\nThis attitude on the part of Sir C.C. Smith was conspicuously shown in the debate on the American delegation's proposal, supported by the Chinese, to declare that, in the judgment of the Commission, \"a uniform effort should be made by the countries represented to confine the use of opium to legitimate medical practice,\" which he opposed by the frank declaration that \"the British delegation is not able to accept the view that opium should be confined simply and solely to medical uses.\" This opposition, which was not prescribed by the instructions of H.M. Government (published in China No.2, 1909) and as to which we have yet to learn that it was authorised by any decision of the British delegation, appears to us to strike at the root of all efficient international regulation of the Opium trade. It runs counter to the legislation of all Western States, to the vigorous anti-opium policy adopted by Japan ever since her ports were opened to Western trade, and to the recent legislation of all the British self-governing colonies, as well as to the reforming policy of China.\n\nThe only examples of legislation founded on any other principle are supplied by the British, French, Dutch, and Portuguese administrations of their possessions and protectorates in the Far East (other than Ceylon and Wei-hai-wei), which are under strong temptation to raise revenue out of the vices and weaknesses of subject races.\n\n$\n\n3. This attitude on the part of Sir C.C. Smith was further shown by his calling upon the Chinese delegate, Mr. Tang Kuo-an, to state whether the position assumed by him on this question was in conformity with the instructions of his Government, a challenge which it is inconceivable that he would have addressed to a German or French delegate, and which therefore ignored the cardinal principle of international law.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-386 - Public Offices & Others - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 439860, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]", "page_number": 352, "title": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]", "content_text": "2 \n\never since her ports were open to Western trade, and to the recent legislation of all the British self-governing colonies, as well as to the reforming policy of China.\n\nThe only examples of legislation founded on any other principle are supplied by the British, French, Dutch and Portuguese administrations of their possessions and protectorates in the Far East (other than Ceylon and Wei-hai-wei), which are under strong temptation to raise revenue out of the vices and weaknesses of subject races.\n\n3. This attitude on the part of Sir C. C. Smith was further shown by his calling upon the Chinese delegate, Mr. Tang Kuo-an, to state whether the position assumed by him on this question was in conformity with the instructions of his Government, a challenge which it is inconceivable that he would have addressed to a German or French delegate, and which therefore ignored the cardinal principle of international law that all nations, however weak as regards armed force, and however recently admitted to the society of nations, have an equal title to consideration. It must be remembered, too, that the object of this unworthy challenge was the distinguished Chinese diplomatist whose noble plea for his country's release from opium was heartily commended by the Bishops of London, Durham, Norwich, Birmingham, Liverpool, and Southwark, and many representatives of the Christian churches and missionary societies of Great Britain.\n\n4. Finally, the board objects to the appointment because Sir C. C. Smith presented a report on the proceedings of the Commission purporting to be made on behalf of his fellow-delegates, but as to which they were not in fact consulted. This fact appeared to so great an authority on constitutional procedure as the late Right Honourable J. E. Ellis, a grave infraction of official duty, to which he was seriously disposed to call the attention of the House of Commons. The Board cannot but express its regret that His Majesty's Government should take so different a view of this irregularity, which had been brought to the notice of the Secretary for Foreign Affairs by Mr. Ellis, and on two occasions by Sir R. Laidlaw.\n\n5. For these reasons the Board feels constrained earnestly to deprecate the appointment of Sir C. C. Smith.\n\n(\n\n£\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[47773]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nForeign Office to Home Office.\n\nCO434\n\nJAN 12\n\n[November 28,]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n344\n\nSir,\n\nForeign Office, November 28, 1911. AS you are doubtless aware, His Majesty's Government, in replying to the invitation of the United States Government to attend a conference on the opium question, laid it down as a condition of their participation that the conference should thoroughly and completely deal with the question of restricting the manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphia and cocaine.\n\nThe British delegates are being instructed that this is a subject to which His Majesty's Government attach especial importance, in view of the spread of the morphia and cocaine habit in India, in China, and in other Eastern countries, and that as Indian and Chinese experience shows that legislation against the importation of morphia and cocaine cannot be made thoroughly effective owing to the ease with which it can be evaded in practice, it becomes desirable to secure co-operation on the part of the Governments concerned in the shape of control over the manufacture and distribution. They will therefore use their best efforts to obtain the assistance of the Governments represented at the conference to this end.\n\nThe British delegates, with a view to being in a position to lay before the conference some practical suggestions as to the method in which the desired control upon the trade in morphia and cocaine might be obtained, held a meeting at this Office with representatives of the Board of Trade and the Board of Customs and Excise, and the result of their deliberations is embodied in the enclosed minute containing suggestions for the guidance of the delegates on this question.\n\nDuring the discussion it became apparent that there were points on which the delegates would require information and advice from the Home Office, and I am therefore directed by Secretary Sir Edward Grey to request that you will lay these suggestions before the Secretary of State for the Home Department and favour him with any remarks that Mr. McKenna may wish to offer thereon and any information that he thinks might prove of assistance to the British delegates.\n\nI am especially to enquire whether the sale of morphia and cocaine to unauthorised persons is not already subject to restrictions, in accordance with suggestion 3.\n\nAs the Opium Conference opens at The Hague on the 1st December, Sir Edward Grey would be pleased to receive an early reply.\n\nI am, &c.\n\nF. A. CAMPBELL.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nSUGGESTIONS adopted at a meeting held at the Foreign Office on November 27, 1911, as to the attitude to be adopted by the British delegates to the Opium Conference in regard to the regulation of the manufacture of and trade in morphia and cocaine.\n\nAT this meeting were present:-\n\nSir Cecil Clementi Smith\n\nSir William Meyer\n\nMr. W. Max Müller\n\nMr. Stanley\n\nMr. Fountain\n\nDelegates.\n\nBoard of Trade.\n\nMr. Cunningham, Customs.\n\n1. That all manufacturers of and dealers in morphia and cocaine should be required to take out a licence. Persons manufacturing or dealing in the above articles without licence shall be liable to penalty.\n\n[2272 ee-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440384, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 277, "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "6\n\npackages, the bulk of whose contents often consisted of other matters besides opium. A further Chinese amendment that the total number of packages to be exported should not exceed a monthly limit to be fixed by the conference was rejected as impracticable. The resolution as finally passed forms the basis of article 4 of the convention.\n\n22. The British delegation then proposed a resolution that each participating Government should prohibit the export and import of raw opium save through the agency of specially authorised persons, and this was passed with an amendment suggested by the German delegation substituting the word \"duly\" for \"specially.\" The resolution as thus amended forms the basis of article 5 of the convention.\n\n23. The last resolution we proposed on this subject was that measures should be taken by the Universal Postal Union for regulating the transmission of raw opium through the post. This was carried, but does not find place in the articles of the convention, on the ground that the conference had no power to bind the Postal Union. It figures, therefore, as an expression of opinion (veu) in clause (1) of the final protocol.\n\n24. The report of the Programme Committee on the matters to be discussed under the head of medicinal opium, morphine, and cocaine, &c., was then approved, and some discussion took place in regard to the fourth section of their proposed agenda, which simply specified anti-opium remedies without mentioning points which might be discussed thereunder. The action subsequently taken in regard to this matter will be found stated in paragraph 56, and was in accord with a suggestion made at this stage by Sir W. Collins.\n\n25. At the sixth session (12th December) the Chinese delegation proposed a resolution to the following effect:\n\n\"With a view to assisting China in her efforts to restrict the importation of opium into her dominions, the Governments represented at the conference are prepared to signify their adhesion to the engagement embodied in the agreement between the British and Chinese Governments of the 8th May, 1911, to the effect that chests of Indian opium, unsealed and unaccompanied by the special numbered permits issued by the Indian Government, shall be refused entry into any of the treaty ports of China, and will take the necessary steps to make that engagement binding on their nationals.\n\nFurther, the Governments represented are prepared to signify their adhesion to the terms of prohibition issued by the Chinese Government forbidding the importation of Persian and Turkish opium into the Chinese Empire after the 1st January, 1912, and to take the necessary measures to make such prohibition binding on their nationals.\"\n\nAfter some discussion, in the course of which Mr. Max Müller pointed out that, to the best of his knowledge, all the treaty Powers, with the exception of Portugal, Brazil, and Sweden, had already adhered to the Anglo-Chinese agreement of the 8th May, 1911, the resolution was carried. Later on, when it came before the Drafting Committee, it was held that its appropriate place would be not among the definite articles of the convention, but as a clause in the final protocol, and ultimately (at the seventeenth session) the Chinese delegation proposed that it should be dropped altogether, in view of the objections which the Persian delegate had expressed at the sixteenth session, when he urged that the conference was not called upon to give emphatic approval to measures that had already been taken by the Chinese Government, and which were calculated to cause loss to his country; and this course was taken.\n\n26. A further resolution which was subsequently proposed on the subject, primarily, of raw opium may be conveniently referred to here. This was brought forward by the Persian delegation at the thirteenth session, and was to the effect that there should be a gradual suppression of the production of opium containing less than 9 per cent. of morphine; and that to this end the interested Powers should agree to discourage the production of all opium of this sort by private enterprise, and to stop its production under direct Government control within a period of eight years. He stated that this resolution was justified by the fact that medicinal opium must contain not less than 10 per cent. of morphine, and that it was desirable to confine the consumption of opium to medical purposes.\n\n27. Sir William Meyer replied that the British delegation could not possibly accept this resolution. The great bulk of Indian opium contained less than 9 per cent. of morphine—on the average about 7 per cent. He had already explained (vide Appendix I) the policy of the Indian Government in regard to raw opium. That Government did not agree that its use should be confined to so-called medical purposes, since they had to take into consideration the usages and needs of a large number of people who could not or would not have recourse to European treatment.\n\n7\n\n274\n\nOn a division the resolution was defeated by 9 votes to 2, the American delegation being the only one which rallied to its support.\n\nIt is tolerably certain that this mischievous resolution, the intention of which was to strike at Indian opium, was due to the suggestion of Dr. Hamilton Wright, since it is within our knowledge that Dr. Wright had himself previously drafted a resolution to the same effect.\n\n28. Reverting now to the proceedings of the sixth session (the 12th December), the conference then took up the subject of prepared opium, and the Netherlands delegation moved a resolution that the participating Powers should prohibit, as a general rule, the importation and exportation of this species of opium, subject to a proviso that, in certain circumstances, it might be allowed on board ship for the personal use of the crew during the voyage.\n\nOn discussion this proviso was withdrawn, and the Portuguese delegation proposed to amend the main clause of the resolution by making the prohibition of export of prepared opium a gradual one, on the ground that there was an export of locally manufactured and prepared opium from Macao into China; that the supply was in the hands of a contractor whose contract had some time to run; and (as explained in the following session) that it was desirable to substitute gradual for immediate reform in order to gain the adhesion of outside Powers. The amendment was lost, and the original resolution was then passed in the following form: Les Gouvernements participants à la conférence s'engagent à prohiber l'importation et l'exportation d'opium préparé. The resolution forms the basis of the first part of article 7 of the convention, and the only vote cast against it was that of Portugal.\n\n29. We, however, recorded our affirmative vote ad referendum, in view of the possibility of the resolution being held to apply to traffic between one British possession and another, and of the fact that an absolute prohibition of such traffic, in respect of prepared opium, might be inconvenient, since, for example, some of the protected Malay States are supplied with prepared opium from Singapore, and a similar course is under consideration as regards the North Borneo Protectorate. On reference to you, we were authorised to accept the resolution on the understanding that the words \"exportation\" and \"importation\" referred merely to foreign trade, and not to traffic between different territories under His Majesty's jurisdiction. A declaration to this effect was accordingly made at the fourteenth session.\n\n30. The American delegation then brought forward a series of further resolutions on the subject of prepared opium. Dr. Hamilton Wright had previously declared that these would not be put if the main part of the Dutch resolution above referred to was passed unanimously; but as Portugal had voted against it, he held himself at liberty to proceed with his resolutions. The first of these was to the effect that such of the participating Powers as had not already prohibited the exportation of prepared opium should do so, or else should restrict the number of places through which prepared opium might be exported. After some amendments moved by ourselves and the Chinese delegation with the object of eliminating Portuguese opposition, the resolution was unanimously passed in the following terms:\n\n\"Il est convenu que les pays représentés qui ne sont pas encore prêts à prohiber l'exportation de l'opium préparé la prohiberont aussitôt que possible, et restreindront en attendant le nombre de localités par lesquelles l'opium préparé pourra être exporté.\"\n\nThis resolution now figures in the convention, partly as a second part of article 7 and partly as clause (a) of article 8; and it may be noted that, with article 7 as thus constituted, the Portuguese objection to the resolution which formed the basis of the first part of the article disappeared.\n\n31. Later on, at the twenty-first session, when article 7 came up for second reading, the Chinese delegation proposed an addition to the effect that in any case there should be prohibition within three years of the convention coming into force. The Portuguese, however, strongly opposed this amendment, and said that if it were carried they could not take part in the further work of the conference.\n\nWe thought the amendment reasonable, but in view of the strong opposition of the Portuguese to reopening the question at this stage, we abstained from voting, as did most of the other delegations, with the result that the amendment was carried by the votes of three delegations only, those of China, the United States, and Persia. In view of the small number of positive votes in its favour, the Chinese delegation thereupon withdrew the amendment.\n\n32. The next American resolution was that the Governments represented should forbid the exportation of prepared opium to such countries as may forbid its entry, and that no prepared opium should be shipped to a country which wishes to restrict the ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440390, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 283, "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "18\n\nfirst five chapters of the final convention had been reduced to article form and passed, and although some further modifications might be necessary, there was no reason to suppose that these would involve any material change of substance. We had in fact, as one of the French delegates epigrammatically remarked, painted in our picture, and what principally remained was to deal with the best manner of framing it—in other words, with the procedure to be laid down in regard to the ratification of the convention, its coming into force, the adhesion of outside Powers, and the methods and effects of denunciation. These matters raised difficult points, in regard to which there were a number of proposals still to be considered; but as the Drafting Committee was to reassemble some days before the full conference in order to consider and report upon them, and was to be assisted by an eminent international jurist, M. Asser, whose valuable services had been procured by the kind offices of the Netherlands Foreign Minister, there was every reason to believe that the conference, on coming together again, would be able to terminate its labours very speedily.\n\n75. When, however, we reassembled on the 8th January, we were confronted by a very different state of things. Owing to an entirely fresh and novel scheme which had been suddenly put forward on behalf of the German delegation, the Drafting Committee had to address itself to questions of substance, which exceeded the limits even of its extended reference, in regard to what may be called the \"effectuating\" clauses of the convention, i.e., the articles relating to adhesion, ratification, coming into force, &c. The committee accordingly confined itself to setting forth, and commenting upon, the various proposals made, in a very full and lucid report which dealt with other matters also, and which was formally received at the fifteenth session (9th January).\n\n76. In that report the committee put before us:—\n\n(1.) The original \"effectuating\" draft, as amended by the alterations made in that portion of it which the conference had considered at the twelfth session, vide paragraphs 63–64. Apart from some minor verbal modifications, the only point of difference between the draft as it then stood and that which the committee now submitted to us, was the omission of the condition, inserted at our suggestion, that ratification should take place within a year. This omission had been made at the instance of M. Asser, from whom the committee received most valuable assistance, on the ground that it was not expedient to tie down sovereign States to a fixed time condition as regards ratification, which circumstances might preclude some of them from fulfilling.\n\nAs it will be convenient hereafter to refer to this draft as the primary scheme, the committee justly remarked, this scheme was silent on the important points of the legislation required by the convention, and the date on which such legislation should come into force.\n\n77.—(ii) (a.) The primary scheme as modified by the further British amendment referred to at the close of paragraph 64 above, which dealt with those matters, and which is in its final form was as follows:—\n\n(1) The convention would come into force, as regards matters which did not require legislation, as soon as possible; and in any case within six months of its ratification by the participating Powers.\n\n(2.) Laws necessary to give effect to the convention should be drawn up as soon as possible, but the date on which they would come into force was to be the subject of an agreement between the Powers, and to depend on the extent to which outside Powers materially interested had adhered.\n\nThe insertion of this last stipulation was of course with reference to the fact that the participating Powers were so few in number, and to meet the objections raised as to particular Powers sacrificing their trade interests by embarking on legislation which other Powers might not adopt. We also desired to ensure that if the fresh conference, proposed by condition (5) of the primary scheme (paragraph 63) became necessary, should be confined to this point only. Generally speaking also, we desired, as the committee observed, to give practical effect to the decisions of the conference with the least possible delay.\n\n78.—(ii) (b.) Some further amendments to the project, as thus modified, suggested by the French delegation. That delegation pointed out that measures which in Western countries would require legislation would in some Eastern countries, as for instance, in French Indo-China, be brought into effect by administrative enactment. Such enactments were consequently equivalent to the \"laws\" of Europe; but whereas the British scheme laid down that the coming into force of laws should be the subject of an agreement between the participating Powers, and should depend on the extent to which outside Powers materially interested might adhere, administrative regulations were to be put into effect without any such qualification. The French delegation therefore proposed that in the event of the agreement contemplated in regard to laws not being obtained, Governments which had meanwhile proceeded by administrative enactments might withdraw or modify them.\n\nThe French contention as to the equivalence, in certain circumstances, of administrative enactments and laws, was one which we were bound to accept.\n\n79.—(iii) M. Delbrück, the German member, had himself suggested the original scheme submitted by the Drafting Committee; nevertheless, he had now propounded an entirely new scheme, the main lines of which were as follows:—\n\n(a.) Immediately after the signature of the convention by the conference delegates, all the outside Powers of Europe and America were to be invited to adhere.\n\n(b) When all these Powers had thus adhered to the convention, the process of ratification by all the Powers now concerned would commence, and would be carried into effect as soon as possible.\n\n(c) Adherence and ratification should be not merely for the home territories of any Power, but for its colonies and other outside possessions and protectorates also.\n\n(d.) The convention would come into force a year after the completion of ratification by all the Powers concerned.\n\n(e.) If, however, matters had not advanced to the ratification stage two years after the date of the signing of the convention by the delegates, a fresh conference should be held to consider conditions under which the convention might nevertheless be brought into force, wholly or in part.\n\nThis project, which we shall refer to hereafter as the German scheme, involved an entirely new principle, viz., the subordination of ratification to adhesion; but M. Asser did not think there was any objection in principle to this, although his own preference was for the usual method.\n\n80. The reasons brought forward by M. Delbrück for this novel proposal were that the circumstances were also unprecedented, since some of the matters dealt with by the conference were of world-wide interest, and could not be adequately carried out by the small number of Powers represented at the conference, especially in view of the fact that some of the non-represented Powers occupied a very important position in regard to the questions under discussion, as, for instance, Turkey in regard to raw opium, and Bolivia and Peru (where the coca plant is principally produced) in regard to cocaine.\n\nM. Delbrück argued further that, as regards Germany, the convention would require the ratification of the Reichstag, and (as he subsequently informed the conference) such ratification would, ipso facto, make the convention a portion of German law, so that it would be difficult to obtain such ratification while the attitude of outside Powers was unknown.\n\nOn the other hand, Sir William Collins had pointed out that this scheme as it stood, making ratification dependent on the adherence of all outside Powers of Europe and America, was likely to lead to indefinite delay in regard to the practical enforcement of the measures on which the conference had agreed.\n\n81. Having set forth these points of view, the committee added that account must also be taken of the first three American resolutions brought forward at the fourteenth session of the conference (paragraph 72) which were of a mixed character, since they related in part to matters connected with the coming into force of the convention, and in part to specific restrictive measures, which would rather belong to the main articles than to effectuating clauses, and entered on the ground already covered in general terms by what is now article 20 of the convention.\n\n82. The Drafting Committee also reported difficulties which had arisen as to the exact significance of the words \"importation\" and \"exportation,\" as used in article 5 of the convention, on the subject of raw opium, and also in articles 7 and 8, and in some of the articles in chapter 3, in regard to prepared opium, morphine, cocaine, &c.\n\nM. Delbrück had raised the point that these words might be taken as covering every transportation of goods across a frontier, with the result that there would be a constant intervention of the Customs Department, which might not be within the intention of all the delegations. Was it, therefore (the committee asked), the intention of the conference to require a special authorisation for importation or exportation from carriers, such as railway and steam companies, or was this obligation to be only incumbent on those who carried on actual trade? If the latter was what the conference had in view, a definition of the terms seemed called for. Accordingly, on the advice...\n\n19\n\n280", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440395, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 288, "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "28\n\n116. The only other business not already referred to, dealt with at the twenty-first session (17th January), was the insertion of a denunciation article (article 25 of the convention) which follows the original scheme of the Drafting Committee, and the commencement of the second reading of the convention as a whole.\n\n117. At the twenty-second session (18th January), as we reported to you at the time (in our despatch No. 11 of the 19th January), Dr. Hamilton Wright, on behalf of the American delegation, suddenly introduced a resolution inviting the Drafting Committee to consider the advisability of preparing an entirely fresh draft of the effectuating clauses, based on the idea that there should be two separate conventions, one principally concerned with the articles relating to opium, and the other containing those relating to morphine, cocaine, &c. The first of these was to be ratified in the usual way, and within a year, by the participating Powers, and the adhesion of outside Powers would be invited. The second would be subject to the special procedure already proposed by the Drafting Committee, and provisionally accepted by the conference, for the convention as a whole, by which preliminary adhesion by outside Powers by way of signature would precede ratification.\n\n118. M. Cremer (Netherlands) pointed out that the adoption of this resolution would involve a breach of the conditions on which His Majesty's Government entered into the conference. Sir William Meyer, speaking for the British delegation, emphasised this point, quoting from your note of the 17th September, 1910, to Mr. Whitelaw Reid, to show that His Majesty's Government had from the outset made their participation in the conference conditional on restrictive measures against morphine and cocaine being taken up pari passu with opium. His Majesty's Government, he said, regarded the consumption of those drugs as being, in present circumstances, a far more serious evil than that of opium, and he could not possibly accept Dr. Hamilton Wright's contention that the primary object of the conference was to conventionalise the opium resolutions of the Shanghai Commission. Opium reform had already advanced very largely, thanks mainly to the generous co-operation, at a material loss to herself, which India had given to the Chinese anti-opium policy, and even if the present conference were to come to nothing the stimulus thus given would continue to act. The proposed measures in respect of morphine and cocaine, on the other hand, required international agreement and co-operation to render them effective, and for this purpose a convention was necessary. Nevertheless, the American delegation now proposed a course which would have the effect of treating the opium articles as of primary importance, and bringing them into effect with comparatively little reference to outside Powers, while the morphine and cocaine articles would take a back place, and be subject to a much longer process before they could come into force. In fact, this procedure might perfectly well lead to their being shelved altogether. Such a course was emphatically opposed to the condition which His Majesty's Government had laid down as indispensable to their taking part in the conference, and Sir William Meyer said that we must, therefore, absolutely oppose the solution proposed by Dr. Hamilton Wright being regarded as even an open question.\n\n119. After some discussion, in which the British point of view was strongly supported by the Siamese, French, and Russian delegations, Dr. Hamilton Wright, perceiving that the sense of the conference was against him, asked leave to withdraw the resolution. The conference, however, decided on its being put to the vote, and it was then rejected by 9 votes to 1 (that of the United States), the German delegation abstaining.\n\n120. We may add that the first intimation we had of this American move was in a private conversation between Bishop Brent and Mr. Max Müller on the 17th January, in which the former broached the matter. Mr. Max Müller replied that the matter was so clearly contrary to the ideas of His Majesty's Government and to the conditions on which they had entered the conference that the British delegates could at once reply that it was, from their point of view, absolutely inadmissible, and we were greatly surprised when the resolution was nevertheless tabled.\n\n121. At the twenty-third session (19th January) the American proposal was once more brought forward, this time as a resolution committing the conference to direct action. We sent you a copy of the resolution in our despatch No. 11 of the 19th January, above quoted.\n\n122. Before, however, this resolution was discussed upon its merits, the chief delegate for Russia raised the point that it involved a departure from the conditions on which Great Britain had entered the conference and which had been accepted by the other Powers represented. He therefore proposed that the first vote to be taken should be as to whether, in these circumstances, the resolution was one suitable for discussion.\n\n20\n\n285\n\nThis proposal was supported by M. Cremer (Netherlands), and on a division it was decided by seven votes to three (Germany and China voting with the United States on this occasion) that the American resolution was not in order; and it was thus finally shelved.\n\n123. The remaining business at this session not already referred to in previous paragraphs—see, for instance, paragraphs 52, 53 and 98, 99—consisted in bringing the second reading of the convention up to article 24. This second reading was extended to the remaining articles at the twenty-fourth session (20th January).\n\n124. At the twenty-fifth session (22nd January) the conference was informed that in consequence of the continued absence of the Italian delegate, M. Santoliquido, the Italian Minister at The Hague had been authorised to sign the convention on behalf of Italy.\n\n125. Mr. Max Müller read the following declaration, in accordance with the instructions conveyed in your despatch No. 19 of 19th January, on the subject of the application of the convention to His Majesty's dominions:—\n\n\"Nous déclarons que les articles de la présente convention, si elle est ratifiée par le Gouvernement de Sa Majesté, s'appliqueront à l'Empire des Indes britanniques, à Ceylan, aux établissements des Détroits, à Hong Kong et à Wei-hai Wei, sous tous les rapports, de la même façon qu'il s'appliqueront au Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande; mais le Gouvernement de Sa Majesté se réserve le droit de signer ou de dénoncer séparément ladite convention ou nom de toute dominion, colonie, dépendance et protectorat de Sa Majesté outre que ceux qui ont été spécifiés.\"\n\nHe added that this declaration would be appended as a reserve when we signed the convention, and this was accordingly done.\n\n126. The Portuguese delegates also made the declaration that in signing the convention, they desired it to be understood—\n\n(1.) That the stipulations of the convention would not affect those of existing treaties, conventions, or agreements to which Portugal was a party, or any advantages which she obtained by most-favoured-nation clauses.\n\n(2.) That further action in regard to the limitation of the number of ports from which raw and prepared opium could be exported, with reference to articles 2 and 8 (a), could not be undertaken by Portugal, since Macao was already the only Portuguese port of export in the Far East.\n\n(3.) That as regard the provisions of articles 4 and 8 (d), in regard to marking exported packages of raw or prepared opium so as to indicate the nature of their contents, the Portuguese Government reserved to itself the right of placing special marks on such packages in addition to any uniform marks that might be adopted as of international application.\n\nThe convention and the final protocol were read for the last time this session.\n\n127. At the twenty-sixth and last session (23rd January) M. Brenier (France) notified the conference that he would place against his signature the words:—\n\n“Sous réserve d'une ratification, ou d'une dénonciation, éventuellement séparée et spéciale en ce qui concerne les protectorats français.\"\n\n128. Some discussion had taken place at the two previous sessions in regard to the publication of the convention, and it was now indicated by the Netherlands delegation that his Excellency M. de Marees van Swinderen, as Dutch Foreign Minister and honorary president of the conference, was of opinion that it might be published immediately after signature—a course which was accordingly adopted.\n\nprocess\n\n129. After the minutes of previous sessions which had still to undergo this had been ratified, M. Cremer (Netherlands) proposed a vote of thanks to Bishop Brent, as president of the conference, which was seconded by M. von Müller (Germany) and by M. Sauches de Miranda (Portugal); and after valedictory addresses by the president and honorary president (M. van Swinderen), the conference was then declared closed, and the delegates plenipotentiaries proceeded to sign the convention and the final protocol.\n\n130. In signing the convention reservations were made, as already indicated, by delegation in regard to separate ratification or denunciation in respect of any portion of His Majesty's dominions, colonies, dependencies, or protectorates other than the United Kingdom, India, Ceylon, Straits Settlements, Hong Kong, and Wei-hai Wei; similarly by the French delegation in regard to French protectorates; by the delegates\n\n[878]\n\nour own", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440411, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 334, "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "330\n\n6\n\npackages, the bulk of whose contents often consisted of other matters besides opium. A further Chinese amendment that the total number of packages to be exported should not exceed a monthly limit to be fixed by the conference was rejected as impracticable. The resolution as finally passed forms the basis of article 4 of the convention.\n\n22. The British delegation then proposed a resolution that each participating Government should prohibit the export and import of raw opium save through the agency of specially authorised persons, and this was passed with an amendment suggested by the German delegation substituting the word \"duly\" for \"specially.\" The resolution as thus amended forms the basis of article 5 of the convention.\n\n23. The last resolution we proposed on this subject was that measures should be taken by the Universal Postal Union for regulating the transmission of raw opium through the post. This was carried, but does not find place in the articles of the convention, on the ground that the conference had no power to bind the Postal Union. It figures, therefore, as an expression of opinion (vou) in clause (1) of the final protocol.\n\n24. The report of the Programme Committee on the matters to be discussed under the head of medicinal opium, morphine, and cocaine, &c., was then approved, and some discussion took place in regard to the fourth section of their proposed agenda, which simply specified anti-opium remedies without mentioning points which might be discussed thereunder. The action subsequently taken in regard to this matter will be found stated in paragraph 56, and was in accord with a suggestion made at this stage by Sir W. Collins.\n\n25. At the sixth session (12th December) the Chinese delegation proposed a resolution to the following effect:\n\n\"With a view to assisting China in her efforts to restrict the importation of opium into her dominions, the Governments represented at the conference are prepared to signify their adhesion to the engagement embodied in the agreement between the British and Chinese Governments of the 8th May, 1911, to the effect that chests of Indian opium, unsealed and unaccompanied by the special numbered permits issued by the Indian Government, shall be refused entry into any of the treaty ports of China, and will take the necessary steps to make that engagement binding on their nationals.\n\nFurther, the Governments represented are prepared to signify their adhesion to the terms of prohibition issued by the Chinese Government forbidding the importation of Persian and Turkish opium into the Chinese Empire after the 1st January, 1912, and to take the necessary measures to make such prohibition binding on their nationals.\"\n\nAfter some discussion, in the course of which Mr. Max Müller pointed out that, to the best of his knowledge, all the treaty Powers, with the exception of Portugal, Brazil, and Sweden, had already adhered to the Anglo-Chinese agreement of the 8th May, 1911, the resolution was carried. Later on, when it came before the Drafting Committee, it was held that its appropriate place would be not among the definite articles of the convention, but as a van in the final protocol, and ultimately (at the seventeenth session) the Chinese delegation proposed that it should be dropped altogether, in view of the objections which the Persian delegate had expressed at the sixteenth session, when he urged that the conference was not called upon to give emphatic approval to measures that had already been taken by the Chinese Government, and which were calculated to cause loss to his country; and this course was taken.\n\n26. A further resolution which was subsequently proposed on the subject, primarily, of raw opium may be conveniently referred to here. This was brought forward by the Persian delegation at the thirteenth session, and was to the effect that there should be a gradual suppression of the production of opium containing less than 9 per cent. of morphine; and that to this end the interested Powers should agree to discourage the production of all opium of this sort by private enterprise, and to stop its production under direct Government control within a period of eight years.\n\nHe stated that this resolution was justified by the fact that medicinal opium must contain not less than 10 per cent. of morphine, and that it was desirable to confine the consumption of opium to medical purposes.\n\n27. Sir William Meyer replied that the British delegation could not possibly accept this resolution. The great bulk of Indian opium contained less than 9 per cent. of morphine---on the average about 7 per cent. He had already explained (vide Appendix 1) the policy of the Indian Government in regard to raw opium. That Government did not agree that its use should be confined to so-called medical purposes, since they had to take into consideration the usages and needs of a large number of people who could not or would not have recourse to European treatment.\n\n7\n\nOn a division the resolution was defeated by 9 votes to 2, the American delegation being the only one which rallied to its support.\n\nIt is tolerably certain that this mischievous resolution, the intention of which was to strike at Indian opium, was due to the suggestion of Dr. Hamilton Wright, since it is within our knowledge that Dr. Wright had himself previously drafted a resolution to the same effect.\n\n28. Reverting now to the proceedings of the sixth session (the 12th December), the conference then took up the subject of prepared opium, and the Netherlands delegation moved a resolution that the participating Powers should prohibit, as a general rule, the importation and exportation of this species of opium, subject to a proviso that, in certain circumstances, it might be allowed on board ship for the personal use of the crew during the voyage.\n\nOn discussion this proviso was withdrawn, and the Portuguese delegation proposed to amend the main clause of the resolution by making the prohibition of export of prepared opium a gradual one, on the ground that there was an export of locally manufactured and prepared opium from Macao into China; that the supply was in the hands of a contractor whose contract had some time to run; and (as explained in the following session) that it was desirable to substitute gradual for immediate reform in order to gain the adhesion of outside Powers. The amendment was lost, and the original resolution was then passed in the following form: Les Gouvernements participants à la conférence s'engagent à prohiber l'importation et l'exportation d'opium préparé. The resolution forms the basis of the first part of article 7 of the convention, and the only vote cast against it was that of Portugal.\n\n29. We, however, recorded our affirmative vote ad referendum, in view of the possibility of the resolution being held to apply to traffic between one British possession and another, and of the fact that an absolute prohibition of such traffic, in respect of prepared opium, might be inconvenient, since, for example, some of the protected Malay States are supplied with prepared opium from Singapore, and a similar course is under consideration as regards the North Borneo Protectorate. On reference to you, we were authorised to accept the resolution on the understanding that the words \"exportation\" and \"importation\" referred merely to foreign trade, and not to traffic between different territories under His Majesty's jurisdiction. A declaration to this effect was accordingly made at the fourteenth session.\n\n30. The American delegation then brought forward a series of further resolutions on the subject of prepared opium. Dr. Hamilton Wright had previously declared that these would not be put if the main part of the Dutch resolution above referred to was passed unanimously; but as Portugal had voted against it, he held himself at liberty to proceed with his resolutions. The first of these was to the effect that such of the participating Powers as had not already prohibited the exportation of prepared opium should do so, or else should restrict the number of places through which prepared opium might be exported. After some amendments moved by ourselves and the Chinese delegation with the object of eliminating Portuguese opposition, the resolution was unanimously passed in the following terms:\n\n\"Il est convenu que les pays représentés qui ne sont pas encore prêts à prohiber l'exportation de l'opium préparé la prohiberont aussitôt que possible, et restreindront en attendant le nombre de localités par lesquelles l'opium préparé pourra être exporté.\"\n\nThis resolution now figures in the convention, partly as a second part of article 7 and partly as clause (a) of article 8; and it may be noted that, with article 7 as thus constituted, the Portuguese objection to the resolution which formed the basis of the first part of the article disappeared.\n\n31. Later on, at the twenty-first session, when article 7 came up for second reading, the Chinese delegation proposed an addition to the effect that in any case there should be prohibition within three years of the convention coming into force. The Portuguese, however, strongly opposed this amendment, and said that if it were carried they could not take part in the further work of the conference.\n\nWe thought the amendment reasonable, but in view of the strong opposition of the Portuguese to reopening the question at this stage, we abstained from voting, as did most of the other delegations, with the result that the amendment was carried by the votes of three delegations only, those of China, the United States, and Persia. In view of the small number of positive votes in its favour, the Chinese delegation thereupon withdrew the amendment.\n\n32. The next American resolution was that the Governments represented should forbid the exportation of prepared opium to such countries as may forbid its entry, and that no prepared opium should be shipped to a country which wishes to restrict the ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440417, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 340, "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "18\n\nfirst five chapters of the final convention had been reduced to article form and passed, and although some further modifications might be necessary, there was no reason to suppose that these would involve any material change of substance. We had in fact, as one of the French delegates epigramatically remarked, painted in our picture, and what principally remained was to deal with the best manner of framing it—in other words, with the procedure to be laid down in regard to the ratification of the convention, its coming into force, the adhesion of outside Powers, and the methods and effects of denunciation. These matters raised difficult points, in regard to which there were a number of proposals still to be considered; but as the Drafting Committee was to reassemble some days before the full conference in order to consider and report upon them, and was to be assisted by an eminent international jurist, M. Asser, whose valuable services had been procured by the kind offices of the Netherlands Foreign Minister, there was every reason to believe that the conference, on coming together again, would be able to terminate its labours very speedily.\n\n75. When, however, we reassembled on the 8th January, we were confronted by a very different state of things. Owing to an entirely fresh and novel scheme which had been suddenly put forward on behalf of the German delegation, the Drafting Committee had to address itself to questions of substance, which exceeded the limits even of its extended reference, in regard to what may be called the \"effectuating\" clauses of the convention, i.e., the articles relating to adhesion, ratification, coming into force, &c. The committee accordingly confined itself to setting forth, and commenting upon, the various proposals made, in a very full and lucid report which dealt with other matters also, and which was formally received at the fifteenth session (9th January).\n\n76. In that report the committee put before us:—\n\n(i.) The original \"effectuating\" draft, as amended by the alterations made in that portion of it which the conference had considered at the twelfth session, vide paragraphs 63-64. Apart from some minor verbal modifications, the only point of difference between the draft as it then stood and that which the committee now submitted to us, was the omission of the condition, inserted at our suggestion, that ratification should take place within a year. This omission had been made at the instance of M. Asser, from whom the committee received most valuable assistance, on the ground that it was not expedient to tie down sovereign States to a fixed time condition as regards ratification, which circumstances might preclude some of them from fulfilling.\n\nAs it will be convenient hereafter to refer to this draft as the primary scheme, the committee justly remarked, this scheme was silent on the important points of the legislation required by the convention, and the date on which such legislation should come into force.\n\n77.—(ii) (a.) The primary scheme as modified by the further British amendment referred to at the close of paragraph 64 above, which dealt with those matters, and which is in its final form was as follows:—\n\n(1.) The convention would come into force, as regards matters which did not require legislation, as soon as possible; and in any case within six months of its ratification by the participating Powers.\n\n(2.) Laws necessary to give effect to the convention should be drawn up as soon as possible, but the date on which they would come into force was to be the subject of an agreement between the Powers, and to depend on the extent to which outside Powers materially interested had adhered.\n\nThe insertion of this last stipulation was of course with reference to the fact that the participating Powers were so few in number, and to meet the objections raised as to particular Powers sacrificing their trade interests by embarking on legislation which other Powers might not adopt. We also desired to ensure that if the fresh conference, proposed by condition (5) of the primary scheme (paragraph 63) became necessary, it should be confined to this point only. Generally speaking also, we desired, as the committee observed, to give practical effect to the decisions of the conference with the least possible delay.\n\n78.—(ii) (b.) Some further amendments to the project, as thus modified, suggested by the French delegation. That delegation pointed out that measures which in Western countries would require legislation would in some Eastern countries, as, for instance, in French Indo-China, be brought into effect by administrative enactment. Such enactments were consequently equivalent to the \"laws\" of Europe; but whereas the British scheme laid down that the coming into force of laws should be the subject of an agreement between the participating Powers, and should depend on the extent to which outside Powers materially interested might adhere, administrative regulations were to be put into effect without any such qualification. The French delegation therefore proposed that in the event of the agreement contemplated in regard to laws not being obtained, Governments which had meanwhile proceeded by administrative enactments might withdraw or modify them.\n\nThe French contention as to the equivalence, in certain circumstances, of administrative enactments and laws, was one which we were bound to accept.\n\n79.—(i.) M. Delbrück, the German member, had himself suggested the original scheme submitted by the Drafting Committee; nevertheless, he had now propounded an entirely new scheme, the main lines of which were as follows:—\n\n(a.) Immediately after the signature of the convention by the conference delegates, all the outside Powers of Europe and America were to be invited to adhere.\n\n(b.) When all these Powers had thus adhered to the convention, the process of ratification by all the Powers now concerned would commence, and would be carried into effect as soon as possible.\n\n(c.) Adherence and ratification should be not merely for the home territories of any Power, but for its colonies and other outside possessions and protectorates also.\n\n(d.) The convention would come into force a year after the completion of ratification by all the Powers concerned.\n\n(e.) If, however, matters had not advanced to the ratification stage two years after the date of the signing of the convention by the delegates, a fresh conference should be held to consider conditions under which the convention might nevertheless be brought into force, wholly or in part.\n\nThis project, which we shall refer to hereafter as the German scheme, involved an entirely new principle, viz., the subordination of ratification to adhesion; but M. Asser did not think there was any objection in principle to this, although his own preference was for the usual method.\n\n80. The reasons brought forward by M. Delbrück for this novel proposal were that the circumstances were also unprecedented, since some of the matters dealt with by the conference were of world-wide interest, and could not be adequately carried out by the small number of Powers represented at the conference, especially in view of the fact that some of the non-represented Powers occupied a very important position in regard to the questions under discussion, as, for instance, Turkey in regard to raw opium, and Bolivia and Peru (where the coca plant is principally produced) in regard to cocaine.\n\nM. Delbrück argued further that, as regards Germany, the convention would require the ratification of the Reichstag, and (as he subsequently informed the conference) such ratification would, ipso facto, make the convention a portion of German law, so that it would be difficult to obtain such ratification while the attitude of outside Powers was unknown.\n\nOn the other hand, Sir William Collins had pointed out that this scheme as it stood, making ratification dependent on the adherence of all outside Powers of Europe and America, was likely to lead to indefinite delay in regard to the practical enforcement of the measures on which the conference had agreed.\n\n81. Having set forth these points of view, the committee added that account must also be taken of the first three American resolutions brought forward at the fourteenth session of the conference (paragraph 72) which were of a mixed character, since they related in part to matters connected with the coming into force of the convention, and in part to specific restrictive measures, which would rather belong to the main articles than to effectuating clauses, and entered on the ground already covered in general terms by what is now article 20 of the convention.\n\n82. The Drafting Committee also reported difficulties which had arisen as to the exact significance of the words \"importation\" and \"exportation,\" as used in article 5 of the convention, on the subject of raw opium, and also in articles 7 and 8, and in some of the articles in chapter 3, in regard to prepared opium, morphine, cocaine, &c.\n\nM. Delbrück had raised the point that these words might be taken as covering every transportation of goods across a frontier, with the result that there would be a constant intervention of the Customs Department, which might not be within the intention of all the delegations. Was it, therefore (the committee asked), the intention of the conference to require a special authorisation for importation or exportation from carriers, such as railway and steam companies, or was this obligation to be only incumbent on those who carried on actual trade? If the latter was what the conference had in view, a definition of the terms seemed called for. Accordingly, on the advice\n\n19\n\n336", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440422, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 345, "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "28\n\n116. The only other business not already referred to, dealt with at the twenty-first session (17th January), was the insertion of a denunciation article (article 25 of the convention) which follows the original scheme of the Drafting Committee, and the commencement of the second reading of the convention as a whole.\n\n117. At the twenty-second session (18th January), as we reported to you at the time (in our despatch No. 11 of the 19th January), Dr. Hamilton Wright, on behalf of the American delegation, suddenly introduced a resolution inviting the Drafting Committee to consider the advisability of preparing an entirely fresh draft of the effectuating clauses, based on the idea that there should be two separate conventions, one principally concerned with the articles relating to opium, and the other containing those relating to morphine, cocaine, &c. The first of these was to be ratified in the usual way, and within a year, by the participating Powers, and the adhesion of outside Powers would be invited. The second would be subject to the special procedure already proposed by the Drafting Committee, and provisionally accepted by the conference, for the convention as a whole, by which preliminary adhesion by outside Powers by way of signature would precede ratification.\n\n118. M. Cremer (Netherlands) pointed out that the adoption of this resolution would involve a breach of the conditions on which His Majesty's Government entered into the conference. Sir William Meyer, speaking for the British delegation, emphasised this point, quoting from your note of the 17th September, 1910, to Mr. Whitelaw Reid, to show that His Majesty's Government had from the outset made their participation in the conference conditional on restrictive measures against morphine and cocaine being taken up pari passu with opium. His Majesty's Government, he said, regarded the consumption of those drugs as being, in present circumstances, a far more serious evil than that of opium, and he could not possibly accept Dr. Hamilton Wright's contention that the primary object of the conference was to conventionalise the opium resolutions of the Shanghai Commission. Opium reform had already advanced very largely, thanks mainly to the generous co-operation, at a material loss to herself, which India had given to the Chinese anti-opium policy, and even if the present conference were to come to nothing, the stimulus thus given would continue to act. The proposed measures in respect of morphine and cocaine, on the other hand, required international co-operation to render them effective, and for this purpose, a convention was necessary. Nevertheless, the American delegation now proposed a course which would have the effect of treating the opium articles as of primary importance, and bringing them into effect with comparatively little reference to outside Powers, while the morphine and cocaine articles would take a back place, and be subject to a much longer process before they could come into force. In fact, this procedure might perfectly well lead to their being shelved altogether. Such a course was emphatically opposed to the condition which His Majesty's Government had laid down as indispensable to their taking part in the conference, and Sir William Meyer said that we must, therefore, absolutely oppose the solution proposed by Dr. Hamilton Wright being regarded as even an open question.\n\n119. After some discussion, in which the British point of view was strongly supported by the Siamese, French, and Russian delegations, Dr. Hamilton Wright, perceiving that the sense of the conference was against him, asked leave to withdraw the resolution. The conference, however, decided on its being put to the vote, and it was then rejected by 9 votes to 1 (that of the United States), the German delegation abstaining.\n\n120. We may add that the first intimation we had of this American move was in a private conversation between Bishop Brent and Mr. Max Müller on the 17th January, in which the former broached the matter. Mr. Max Müller replied that the matter was so clearly contrary to the ideas of His Majesty's Government and to the conditions on which they had entered the conference that the British delegates could at once reply that it was, from their point of view, absolutely inadmissible, and we were greatly surprised when the resolution was nevertheless tabled.\n\n121. At the twenty-third session (19th January) the American proposal was once more brought forward, this time as a resolution committing the conference to direct action. We sent you a copy of the resolution in our despatch No. 11 of the 19th January, above quoted.\n\n122. Before, however, this resolution was discussed upon its merits, the chief delegate for Russia raised the point that it involved a departure from the conditions on which Great Britain had entered the conference and which had been accepted by the other Powers represented. He therefore proposed that the first vote to be taken should be as to whether, in these circumstances, the resolution was one suitable for discussion.\n\n20\n\nThis proposal was supported by M. Cremer (Netherlands), and on a division, it was decided by seven votes to three (Germany and China voting with the United States on this occasion) that the American resolution was not in order; and it was thus finally shelved.\n\n123. The remaining business at this session not already referred to in previous paragraphs—see, for instance, paragraphs 52, 53, and 98, 99—consisted in bringing the second reading of the convention up to article 24. This second reading was extended to the remaining articles at the twenty-fourth session (20th January).\n\n124. At the twenty-fifth session (22nd January) the conference was informed that, in consequence of the continued absence of the Italian delegate, M. Santoliquido, the Italian Minister at The Hague had been authorised to sign the convention on behalf of Italy.\n\n125. Mr. Max Müller read the following declaration, in accordance with the instructions conveyed in your despatch No. 19 of 19th January, on the subject of the application of the convention to His Majesty's dominions:-\n\n\"Nous déclarons que les articles de la présente convention, si elle est ratifiée par le Gouvernement de Sa Majesté, s'appliqueront à l'Empire des Indes britanniques, à Ceylan, aux établissements des Détroits, à Hong Kong et à Wei-hai Wei, sous tous les rapports, de la même façon qu'il s'appliqueront au Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande; mais le Gouvernement de Sa Majesté se réserve le droit de signer ou de dénoncer séparément ladite convention au nom de toute dominion, colonie, dépendance et protectorat de Sa Majesté outre que ceux qui ont été spécifiés.\"\n\nHe added that this declaration would be appended as a reserve when we signed the convention, and this was accordingly done.\n\n126. The Portuguese delegates also made the declaration that, in signing the convention, they desired it to be understood-\n\n(1.) That the stipulations of the convention would not affect those of existing treaties, conventions, or agreements to which Portugal was a party, or any advantages which she obtained by most-favoured-nation clauses.\n\n(2.) That further action in regard to the limitation of the number of ports from which raw and prepared opium could be exported, with reference to articles 2 and 8 (a), could not be undertaken by Portugal, since Macao was already the only Portuguese port of export in the Far East.\n\n(3.) That, as regards the provisions of articles 4 and 8 (d), in regard to marking exported packages of raw or prepared opium so as to indicate the nature of their contents, the Portuguese Government reserved to itself the right of placing special marks on such packages in addition to any uniform marks that might be adopted as of international application.\n\nThe convention and the final protocol were read for the last time this session.\n\n127. At the twenty-sixth and last session (23rd January) M. Brenier (France) notified the conference that he would place against his signature the words:-\n\n\"Sous réserve d'une ratification, ou d'une dénonciation, éventuellement séparée et spéciale en ce qui concerne les protectorats français.\"\n\n128. Some discussion had taken place at the two previous sessions in regard to the publication of the convention, and it was now indicated by the Netherlands delegation that His Excellency M. de Marees van Swinderen, as Dutch Foreign Minister and honorary president of the conference, was of the opinion that it might be published immediately after signature—a course which was accordingly adopted.\n\n129. After the minutes of previous sessions which had still to undergo this process had been ratified, M. Cremer (Netherlands) proposed a vote of thanks to Bishop Brent, as president of the conference, which was seconded by M. von Müller (Germany) and by M. Sanches de Miranda (Portugal); and after valedictory addresses by the president and honorary president (M. van Swinderen), the conference was then declared closed, and the delegates plenipotentiaries proceeded to sign the convention and the final protocol.\n\n130. In signing the convention, reservations were made, as already indicated, by our own delegation in regard to separate ratification or denunciation in respect of any portion of His Majesty's dominions, colonies, dependencies, or protectorates other than the United Kingdom, India, Ceylon, Straits Settlements, Hong Kong, and Wei-hai Wei; similarly by the French delegation in regard to French protectorates; by the delegates\n\n[2458 s-2]\n\nI\n\n341", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440936, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 272, "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "269 \n\n16 \n\nmight withdraw or modify them. The French contention as to the equivalence, in certain circumstances, of administrative enactments and laws, was one which we were bound to accept.\n\n## 66\n-(i) M. Delbrück, the German delegate on the Committee, had submitted a new scheme, the main lines of which were as follows:- \n\n(a) Immediately after the signature of the convention by the conference delegates, all the outside Powers of Europe and America were to be invited to adhere. \n\n(b) When all these Powers had thus adhered to the convention, the process of ratification by all the Powers now concerned would commence, and would be carried into effect as soon as possible. \n\n(c) Adherence and ratification should be not merely for the home territories of any Power, but for its colonies and other outside possessions and protectorates also. \n\n(d) The convention would come into force a year after the completion of ratification by all the Powers concerned. \n\n(e) If, however, matters had not advanced to the ratification stage two years after the date of the signing of the convention by the delegates, a fresh conference should be held to consider conditions under which the convention might nevertheless be brought into force, wholly or in part.\n\nThis project, which we shall refer to hereafter as the German scheme, involved an entirely new principle, viz., the subordination of ratification to adhesion; but M. Asser did not think there was any objection in principle to this, although his own preference was for the usual method.\n\n## 67\nThe reasons brought forward by M. Delbrück in support of his proposal were that the circumstances were unprecedented, since some of the matters dealt with by the conference were of world-wide interest, and could not be adequately carried out by the small number of Powers represented at the conference, especially in view of the fact that some of the non-represented Powers occupied a very important position in regard to the questions under discussion, as, for instance, Turkey in regard to raw opium, and Bolivia and Peru (where the coca plant is principally produced) in regard to cocaine. M. Delbrück argued further that, as regards Germany, the convention would require the ratification of the Reichstag, and that it would be difficult to obtain such ratification while the attitude of outside Powers was unknown.\n\nOn the other hand, Sir William Collins had pointed out that this scheme as it stood, making ratification dependent on the adherence of all outside Powers of Europe and America, was likely to lead to indefinite delay in regard to the practical enforcement of the measures on which the conference had agreed.\n\n## 68\nThe Drafting Committee also reported difficulties which had arisen as to the exact significance of the words \"importation\" and \"exportation,\" as used in article 5 of the convention, on the subject of raw opium, and also in articles 7 and 8, and in some of the articles in chapter 3, in regard to prepared opium, morphine, cocaine, &c.\n\n## 69\nThe remaining portions of the committee's report dealt mainly with-- \n(a) The wording of a number of the articles already agreed on, in regard to which the suggestions of the committee were subsequently in large measure accepted. \n(b) A proposal for bringing the special Chinese articles into the main convention. \n(c) The submission of a fresh draft final protocol.\n\n## 70\nApart from the important questions which had been thus raised by the report of the Drafting Committee, we were also faced with a serious difficulty in regard to the morphine and cocaine articles, into which the German delegation, as a result of the conferences they had had with their Government in Berlin, were now desirous of introducing important modifications. We had thus, as will be seen, to face fresh problems of a serious character, which involved not merely private conference with other delegations, but in some cases references to His Majesty's Government. Unfortunately we were deprived at this juncture of the guidance of Sir Cecil Clementi Smith, whose health had not permitted him to return to The Hague after the Christmas recess.\n\n## 71\nThe sixteenth session (10th January) dealt mainly with matters which have already been reported on, such as the transfer of the special Chinese articles to the main convention.\n\n## 72\nAt the seventeenth session (11th January) the report of the Drafting Committee on the various \"effectuating\" proposals came up for discussion. M. Delbrück gave a clear exposition of the circumstances which had led to the propounding of the German scheme, in the course of which he laid stress on the fact that ratification of the convention by the Reichstag would make it an integral part of the German corpus juris, while in the United States, for example, even if the convention were ratified by the Senate, its provisions would remain ineffective until applied by internal legislation.\n\n## 73\nThe course of the discussion, in which various delegations took part, had convinced us that the British amendment to the primary scheme had been superseded by the new proposals now put forward. As we more than once indicated to the conference, our object throughout was to insist on the practical and expeditious enforcement of the measures that had already been agreed to, rather than on questions of form; and as between the primary and the German schemes, the latter had the advantage that the agreement of outside Powers was to be sought immediately after the signing of the convention, while under the former that process would not be commenced till six at least of the conference Powers had ratified. We accordingly requested instructions as to whether we should negotiate on the basis of the German scheme, while endeavouring to shorten the periods before the convention should come into force, and to substitute \"substantial\" for \"unanimous\" adhesion of outside Powers.\n\n## 74\nAt the eighteenth session (12th January) the adjourned debate on the subject of the \"effectuation\" procedure was opened by M. Brenier (France), who pointed out that the divergent schemes before the conference arose from a conflict of ideas. The German delegation, looking to the great difficulties of embarking on the measures approved by the conference without adhesion of outside Powers, held that the obtainment of such adhesion was the first object to be aimed at; other delegations, concerned chiefly with getting the convention into force as soon as possible, objected to the delay which the German method would involve. In order to bridge the differences between these divergent ideas, M. Brenier suggested a compromise scheme and proposed that the Drafting Committee should present a definite proposal in regard to ratification, adhesion, and the coming into force of the convention. The American delegation proposed an amendment, which was carried, directing the committee to have regard to all the proposals which had been made, but not to express approval of any one of them.\n\n## 75\nThe Drafting Committee, which had been materially aided in its fresh deliberations by the kind assistance of M. van Swinderen as well as of M. Asser, then put forward a scheme following in some respects the lines of the German proposal. The main lines of the scheme as it was thus to be altered are shown below, the clauses italicised being those which we considered necessary in order to make the scheme a satisfactory one from our point of view - \n| Clause | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | As soon as the convention had been signed, the outside Powers of Europe and America were to be invited to sign it also. No reference was now made to the word \"adhesion\" as being an unsuitable term to use in the circumstances proposed. |\n| (2) | As soon as these supplementary signatures had been obtained, ratification would be proceeded with. |\n| (3) | If, however, all the outside Powers had not signed by the 31st December, 1912, the Powers that had signed, whether originally or by way of supplementary signature, should send representatives to The Hague to consider whether ratification might not nevertheless be proceeded with. Our object here was to cut short the delay which might be caused by refusal to sign, or procrastination in agreeing to sign, on the part of some of the outside Powers. |\n| (4) | The convention was to come into force two months after the completion of the ratification process. (The Drafting Committee's original scheme said six months.) |\n| (5) | Laws, &c., necessary to give effect to the provisions of the convention should be drawn up and presented to the Parliaments concerned within six months of the convention coming into force. |\n| (6) | The date on which such legislation should come into force would, however, be the subject of agreement between the signatory Powers. We thus met the point which had been raised by the Board of Trade that restrictions should not be enforced until each State had had an opportunity of considering the extent to which other Powers were prepared to move in the same direction. |\n| (7) | In the event of grave difficulties arising in regard to the putting into force of the convention as a whole, or of the laws, &c., specifically contemplated thereby, a fresh conference should be summoned to obtain agreement on these matters. |\n\n## 76\nWe indicated, in addressing you on the subject of these amendments, that we thought the procedure proposed would present material advantages in coping with the ... \n\nPage 269\nPage 16\nPage 17\n[660] \nD 2", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 445761, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913", "page_number": 232, "title": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913", "content_text": "231\n\n0.0\n\n33046\n\nREC?\n\nSeptember 11th 1923 SEF 13\n\n \n\nA\n\nBERLIN,\n\n79.\n\naty.\n\n(2204)\n\nSir:-\n\n1\n\nI have the honour to transmit to you herewith copy and translation of a Treaty signed on the 28th July last between Germany and the Netherlands extending to the German Protectorate of Kiaochow the provisions of the Extradition Treaty between Germany and the Netherlands of September 21st, 1897.\n\nThe ratifications of this Treaty were exchanged at Berlin on the 22nd ultimo.\n\nI have &c.,\n\n(Signed)\n\nThe Right Honourable\n\nSir Edward Grey, Bart., K.G.\n\n \n\n&c.\n\n&c.,\n\n&c.,\n\nGranville.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 445762, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913", "page_number": 233, "title": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913", "content_text": "Treaty\n\n232\n\nbetween the German Empire and the Netherlands in regard\n\nto the extension to the German Protectorate of Kiaochow\n\nof the Extradition Treaty concluded between the German\n\nEmpire and the Netherlands on September 21st, 1897.\n\nOf July 28th, 1913.\n\nHis Majesty The German Emperor, King of Prussia, in\n\nthe name of the German Empire, and Her Majesty the Queen\n\nof the Netherlands have considered it advisable to regulate\n\nby a Treaty the extradition of criminals between\n\nthe German Protectorate of Kiaochow and the Netherlands,\n\nas well as the Dutch Colonies and foreign possessions,\n\nand have appointed for this purpose as Their Plenipotentiaries:\n\nHis Majesty The German Emperor, King of Prussia:\n\nHis Secretary of State of the Foreign Office, Wirklicher\n\nGeheimer Rat, Herr von Jagow;\n\nHer Majesty The Queen of the Netherlands:\n\nHer Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary\n\nat Berlin, Baron Gevers.\n\nThe Plenipotentiaries, after having communicated to\n\neach other their Full Powers and found the same in good\n\nand due form, have agreed upon the following articles: Article 1.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 445763, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913", "page_number": 234, "title": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913", "content_text": "Article 1.\n\nThe Treaty between the German Empire and the Netherlands in regard to the extradition of criminals between the German Protectorates as well as the other territories dependent on Germany, and the territory of the Netherlands, as well as the Dutch colonies and foreign possessions, of September 21st, 1897, is fully applicable also to the extradition of criminals between the Protectorate of Kiaochow and the territory of the Netherlands, as well as the Dutch Colonies and foreign possessions, precisely as though the Protectorate of Kiaochow were inserted in Articles 2, 3 and in Article 7, paragraph 2, of this Treaty as a territory dependent on Germany.\n\nArticle 2.\n\nThe Treaty shall be ratified and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Berlin as soon as possible. The Treaty shall come into operation three months after the exchange of ratifications and shall remain in force as long as the Treaty of September 21st, 1897, and lapse with it.\n\nIn witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Treaty, and affixed thereto their seals.\n\n233\n\nDone in duplicate at Berlin, the 28th of July 1913.\n\nL.S.\n\nL.S.\n\nvon Jagow.\n\nGevers.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 449942, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-415 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [12]", "page_number": 94, "title": "CO129-415 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [12]", "content_text": "Paraphrase of CYPHER Telegram\n\nFrom SECRETARY OF STATE\n\nTo\n\nGOVERNOR, HONGKONG.\n\nDate 30th November, 1914.\n\nI need not remind you that instructions were given to detain all enemy reservists. The General Officer Commanding in the East Africa Protectorate believes that German details, approximately four hundred in number and mostly petty officers, were landed in German East Africa during August, likely from the S.S. \"Ziethen\". Can you supply any information on this point? Is it possible that German subjects left for the Straits Settlements before the receipt of my cypher telegram of August 7th? I desire to have all available information.\n\nHARCOURT", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-415 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 450145, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-415 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [12]", "page_number": 297, "title": "CO129-415 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [12]", "content_text": "Paraphrase of Cypher Telegram\n\nFrom Secretary of State\n\nTo Governor, Hongkong.\n\nDate 30th November, 1914.\n\nEnclosure 203\n\nNovember 30th. The General Officer Commanding in the East Africa Protectorate thinks that German details, believed to be four hundred in number and consisting mostly of petty officers, were landed in German East Africa during August, probably from the S.S. \"Ziethen\".\n\nCan you supply any information on this point? Is it possible that German subjects left for the Straits Settlements before the receipt of my cypher telegram of August 7th which gave instructions that all enemy reservists were to be detained? I desire to have all available information.\n\nHARCOURT", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-415 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 451607, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914", "page_number": 534, "title": "CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914", "content_text": "# Settlement 7. The General Question & the Repatriation of Seamen of Watermen Belonging to Colonies Not Possessing Responsible Government or to British Protectorates\n\n**(Signed)** I. J. READ, \nar the Under Secretary of State.\n\n## Ward of Trade 1914\n\n15 Feb \nLast previous Paper.\n\nHONG KONG \n140076 \nW \n40076 \nREG 16 OCT 14 \nREC \n523 \n\n## Trading with German - Austrians\n\nEnclosed copy letter from Bradford Chamber of Commerce enquiring as to firms with whom it is possible to transact business. Augments Tel- enquiry of for The Real A fonds. Mr. Fiddes \nI understand the closing down of German firms in Contemplate \nв Eart сб. グ \n\nSent dept to the Seer 17/10/ \nAck. + pin fuer as foron as practicable \n8.JR. \n12/10/14 \necome Mr. -17.10.14 \nSR2 \nBrinj \nM \n\nNext subsequent Paper.\n\n2AL WI.17,476–83. 20,000, 8.13. A&E T.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460295, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 428, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "Railways.\n\nthat when the result of the negotiations between the Japanese and Chinese Governments transpires, the conditions arranged will be found to be in accordance with the policy which Japan has declared her intention of upholding as laid down in her Treaties, and not to be in conflict either with the interests of her Allies or of neutral countries having important interests in the Far East.\n\nOn this subject a semi-official announcement has been published in the Press giving a report of an interview between Count Okuma, the Premier of Japan, and Reuter's representative, in which the Prime Minister states that:-\n\n\"Japan's proposals are in complete accordance with the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, and with all treaties and engagements with other countries guaranteeing equal opportunity in, and the integrity of, China. The criticisms and uneasiness displayed in England and America are caused by false information. We are not seeking to establish any monopoly in China, or improperly to infringe the rights and interests of other Powers. Japan has not demanded the appointment of Japanese advisers, and is not seeking to create a Protectorate. She has not demanded joint policing except at points in Southern Manchuria, where important interests are threatened by lawlessness.\n\n\"I can assert that deliberate attempts, mostly of German origin, have been made to misrepresent Japan's attitude, but now all points have been cleared up, and the interested Powers are acquainted with the Japanese proposals which largely constitute an endeavour to settle questions of long standing, some since the Russo-Japanese War. In Shantung, Japan is only asking what China has already granted to Germany. When final disclosures are made it will be found that the entire situation has been grossly exaggerated.\"\n\nThis Association warmly supports a policy of co-operation with Japan based on the terms of the Anglo-Japanese Treaty, believing that under these conditions the welfare of China and the peace and prosperity of the Far East will be assured.\n\nMention was made in last year's report of the large number of Railway Contracts that had been entered into during that period, the most important of which, from a British point of view, was the line from Pukow to Sinyang, giving through connection from Shanghai to Hankow. To these, a still more important line has been added during the present period, viz., a line from Nanking to Nanchang, the Capital of Kiangsi Province, and thence westward to connect with the Hankow-Canton main line near Changsha, the Contract for which was secured by the British and Chinese Corporation. The capital required to build these two lines is estimated at ten or twelve millions sterling, and should result in large orders to British manufacturers.\n\nIt being impossible during the war period to finance loans on the London market for the construction of these lines, work has so far been confined to completing the necessary surveys, which is being done under British Engineers, the costs being defrayed by temporary advances by the contracting Companies. Construction, however, is steadily proceeding on the British line from Hankow to Canton, the funds for which were provided by the Hukwang Loan of 1911. The Southern part of this line, viz., from Canton City to the point of junction at the Kwangtung-Hunan Border is still in the hands of a Native Company and very slow progress apparently is being made. Unless the Central Government assumes control of this section and places it in the hands of a Foreign Administration, several years must elapse before through connection can be established between Hankow and Canton.\n\nGood progress has been made in consolidating the line from Shanghai southwards to Ningpo. The local native companies of Kiangsu and Chekiang have both been bought out, and the work of completing the construction has been entrusted to the British & Chinese Corporation. The connecting link between the Shanghai-Nanking Railway and this line, which skirts the Foreign Settlements at Shanghai, is now in course of construction.\n\nIt may be mentioned as a striking illustration of the world-wide effects of the war, that a bridge on the Ningpo section of this line, the piers of which have long been ready, cannot be completed because the iron work, made in Germany, is interned as to one moiety on board a German steamer in a Turkish port, and as to the other moiety was captured by the Japanese", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460361, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 494, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "36\n\n\"are not to be crushed, in defiance of international good faith, by the arbitrary will of a strong and over-mastering Power. I do not believe any nation ever entered into a great controversy—and this is one of the greatest history will ever know—with a clearer conscience and stronger conviction that it is not fighting for aggression, not for the maintenance even of its own selfish interest, but that it is fighting in defence of principles, the maintenance of which is vital to the civilisation of the world.\"\n\nA circular issued by the German Humanitarian League, whose members are Germans, contains the following: \"It is useless to talk of peace until Prussia is deposed from her throne of skulls, and we call upon every worker who desires the end of this infamous war to assist in breaking up the group of Prussian conspirators which has indelibly disgraced Germany in the eyes of the civilised world.\"\n\nA French paper truly says \"Never have people been seen to work with so much zeal for their ruin,\" as the Germans are doing in this war.\n\nVII. The Balkan States and the European Alliances.\n\nUntil recent years Turkish rule extended over the whole of South Eastern Europe, known as the Balkan Peninsula. The Turkish invaders, coming from Western Asia, captured Constantinople in 1453, and gradually extended their sway over all the native tribes and kingdoms as far as the Adriatic and the borders of Austria. The population of these conquered territories was for the most part of the race that is termed Slavonic, and is akin to a large part of the Russian population. The Turkish Government made no effort to conciliate the subject races by a just and equitable rule. On the contrary, the history of the 450 years of Turkish domination is one long record of brutal tyranny and oppression. During that period many attempts were made by the more warlike tribes to shake off the Turkish yoke, but the risings were mostly put down in bloodshed and pitiless massacre. Greece, however, succeeded in establishing her independence in 1822, and Roumania declared her freedom in 1859. A rebellion which broke out in Bulgaria in 1876 was suppressed in such a cruel manner that the sympathies of the whole of Europe were enlisted on behalf of the down-trodden race, and in the following year Russia declared war on Turkey in order to compel her to grant autonomy to subject states. Russia was prompted to take this step, firstly, because the population of Bulgaria had a racial affinity with her own, and secondly, because they had a common religion. The Turks, of course, were Mohammedans, whereas the Slavs and Serbians were, like the Russians, Christians—adherents of the Greek or Eastern Church, over which Russia has for many years claimed a protectorate. Public opinion in Russia, therefore, would not allow her to stand by while her fellow Christians were being massacred. In the war Russia was successful, and at the Congress of Berlin, Bulgaria, Serbia, and Montenegro, were declared autonomous, and soon after became independent.\n\n37\n\nIt was in this way that the modern Balkan States came into existence. Turkey, however, retained the territory lying to the south of the Balkan mountains, being a broad strip of land bounded on the south by the Sea, and extending from Constantinople on the East to the Adriatic on the West. The population in this area was partly Turkish, and partly Serbian, or Greek. Misgovernment and oppression of the non-Turkish people continued, and, in spite of repeated promises of reform, nothing was ever done to mitigate the lot of the Christian subjects. Finally, a league was formed in 1911 between Bulgaria, Serbia, Montenegro and Greece, to come to the rescue of their oppressed countrymen and co-religionists, and to expel the Turk from Europe. War was declared, and after about a year's fighting the Turks were driven back to the gates of Constantinople.\n\nThere was thus a prospect of a strong Confederation being formed which would secure the peace of the Balkan Peninsula, freed from the evil domination of the Turks. Germany and Austria had been watching the Balkan war, and were not at all well pleased to see the Balkan States victorious. Germany had for a number of years been seeking a friendship with Turkey, not from any real sympathy with that country, but in order to secure from Turkey concessions which were later on to lead to an extension of German trade and influence through Asia Minor and into Central Asia. It has been shown in Chapter III. that one of the avowed objects of German ambition was to acquire in some part of the world, no matter where, large colonial possessions so as to serve as an outlet for her surplus population. If such coveted territories could be acquired by peaceable means, well and good; if not, they must be taken by force of arms. The thinly-populated regions of Asia Minor, and the valley of the Euphrates, seemed to offer an easy prey, and, as a first step, Germany obtained from Turkey a concession to build a railway which should stretch from Constantinople to Baghdad and the Persian Gulf. But such a railway would be of little use to Germany, unless the road through Austria and the Balkan States to Constantinople could be kept open. Austria was Germany's ally and could therefore be counted on to further the project, but the Balkan States might object. It was, in fact, well known that the small but warlike State of Serbia would object; hence, Germany, and with her, Austria, were ill pleased to see the young Balkan States becoming strong and united. Her wish was to keep them weak and divided, until she had had time to consolidate her hold over Turkey. Her intention was, when the time came, to sweep both Turkey and the Balkan States into the German net, and so extend German Power and German Kultur over the whole of Eastern Europe and Central Asia.\n\nAustria, for reasons of her own, was ill pleased to see the kingdom of Serbia growing in strength and territory. She had recently annexed by a breach of faith, the two provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which were almost entirely peopled by men of the Serbian race. Moreover, in the very mixed populations that make up the Austria-Hungarian Empire, there were large numbers of Serbs and Slavs, whose sympathies were with the kingdom of Serbia proper, and an agitation had been going on for many years to bring about a union of all the Slav races. Austria sternly suppressed this movement, but did nothing to remove the cause of it, as she might have done by more equitable treatment of\n\n491", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 461037, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-432 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [3-5]", "page_number": 518, "title": "CO129-432 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [3-5]", "content_text": "## invite attention \n\nSection 7 & trace to \n\n117-415 which empowers any \na liquidator & subcharge \nconcurred \n\nhabilitis outside the \n1 Colony. \n\n3. \n\nThe \nacc: \n\nthe Inter-departmental committee \non the liquidation of enemy firms \nin the British Colonies & protectorates shows the general lines upon which \nsuch liquidations are proceeding; I \nam to request that \nwith work forwarded with \n\n**HONG KONG** \n25368 \n514 \n25368 \nRED No. 29 \n\nTrading with the Enemy May \n1916 \n144/34 \n\nLast previous Paper. \n\nDeals \nalle \nin detail with certain representations made by H.K. Trade Commissioner \nto London Chamber of Commerce \n9.1915 \nTh's views \na \nthe Russian's \naccess \nan \nthe \nas enclosed \n\nI also \nthe \n\" \nCopy: \nSwdop which accompanied \nWie letter from the Dept \nf the 12 May \n\n(Signed) G/GRINDLE \n\nNext subsequent Paper. \n(90092) Wt. 85800-6. \n\nThe answers \nquestions asked on 53330/45 are \nfollows. \n\n(a). Shipment of German food by S.China Japan \nJava China \n\nThe for: Indicating \nthat he does not \nsuch shipment \nau Buch \nthrough \ncome \n45.000 12/15. BM £8. \ncom \nU.K. \n\n| Location | Shipment Details | \n| --------------- | ---------------- | \n| S.China Japan | | \n| Java China | 45.000 12/15. BM £8 |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-432 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [3-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 465272, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916", "page_number": 71, "title": "CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916", "content_text": "## Memorandum 66\n\nOn the 23rd of September, 1914, the Board of Trade issued a licence allowing fees to be paid for the renewal of trade-marks on behalf of enemies (see page 381 of the Manual of Emergency Legislation). I understand the reason for this action was the fear that, if we allowed German trade-marks in this country to lapse, the Germans would retaliate by allowing British trade marks and patents in Germany to lapse, and that we should suffer more than the Germans in the exchange. The licence applied to all persons carrying on business in His Majesty's Dominions, and it was communicated to the Governor of Hong Kong in due course.\n\nAt the end of 1914 we adopted the general policy of liquidating enemy firms in our Crown Colonies and Protectorates. This liquidation was not, however, allowed to include the trade-marks and other permanent assets of the liquidated firms.\n\nEarly in 1916 this policy was changed, and we directed all the Colonial Governments which were carrying on liquidations, to include therein trade-marks and other permanent assets.\n\nAs stated below, Hong Kong asked to be allowed not to sell trade-marks belonging to the liquidated firms and we agreed to this policy.\n\nThe question of cancellation of enemy trade-marks in the Colonies has never even been considered.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 465628, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916", "page_number": 427, "title": "CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916", "content_text": "## Colonies & Protectorates\n\nThat claim for salary on account of such person, up to £4 in each case, one to be paid to the Commandant of the internment camp as being referential claims, out of the amount due by the Treasury. The remainder only be paid when all other creditors have been satisfied in full.\n\nIt will be transferred to the \"Custodian of Enemy Property in the Colony\".\n\n### Pret: Concerned\n\n5. Perusal. Land will be glad to leave for E. Grey's perusal.\n\nIn the case of persons interned in Japan.\n\n(Signed) G. GRINDLE \n421 \n1916 \n\n## HONG KONG AUXILIARY \n22612 \n\nC \nREG \n13 MAY 1916 \n\nMax A. Lorenzen, Prisoner of War. \n12 May. Transmits documents & copy of previous Paper. From Lt. Col. \ncopy (part missing). \n\n24 May 1916. \n463 \n20 \n23 May \n\nNext subsequent Paper. \n37803 \nFrom GoC, China Command \n\nNo objection to release on parole. It is understood he is willing to pay cost of journey to Canton.\n\nLinks Lambert \nIt appears that Lorenzen is wholly Danish - not German. \nHe gave information as to attempted escape, is an Lt. German, the need for escape, as the Police threatened by the German Consul. The Dr. Commandant supports the petition for his release, to which 4.0. Do not object.\n\nI see no reason why we should object.\n\n(90092) Wt. 35900--6. 45,000 12/15. BM&S.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 469293, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 167, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "164 Enclosure 3. in Tokyo No.660 December 18th 1916.\n\nNotification No.1141 of the Ministry of Communications.\n\nThe names of enemy countries and those to be regarded as enemy countries pursuant to Ordinance No.63 December 1916 of the Ministry of Communications\n\nare as follows:-\n\nDecember 18th 1916, Kenjiro Den, Baron.\n\nMinister of Communications.\n\nGermany and German Protectorates Austria, Hungary, Bosnia, Herzogovina, Turkey and Bulgaria.\n\nNotification No.1142 of the Ministry of Communications.\n\nIn regard to the treatment of the under-mentioned mail matter, telegrams and postal money-orders the provisions of clauses 1 to 4 of Ordinance No.63,\n\nDecember 1916, of the Ministry of Communications shall not be applied.\n\nDecember 18th 1916, Kenjiro Den, Baron.\n\nMinister of Communications.\n\n1. Mail matter, telegrams and postal money-orders sent and received by prisoners of war in Japan.\n\n2. Mail matter and postal money-orders sent by prisoners of war in countries of the Entente.\n\n3. Mail matter and postal money-orders sent and received by the Bureaux of information concerning\n\nprisoners of war in countries of the Entente.\n\n4. Telegrams addressed to the Bureaux of information\n\nconcerning prisoners of war in countries of the\n\nEntente.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 469753, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 627, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "Own account.\n\n50\n\nA noteworthy feature of German competition in the Philippines has been the enterprise shown by young Germans of late years in commencing business on their own account. Whereas several such houses have begun trading in the past few years, I cannot trace a similar British house. This fact is probably due to the more liberal facilities accorded to them by the manufacturers and banks in their own country than has been the case in Great Britain. Credit must, however, be given for their undoubted industry and energy, and for the fact that many of them start, on the whole, better equipped with a sound commercial education than do their British contemporaries, who acquire their special knowledge haphazard in the service of established firms rather than in the schools.\n\nJapanese Competition.-The principal items of import from Japan in 1913 were:-\n\n£\n£\n\nCoal\n160,000 (210,000 in 1914)\n\nCement\n5,000 (25,000 in 1914)\n\nCotton Yarns, Grey\n11,000 (47,000 in 1914)\n\nCotton Cloth, bleached\n26,000\n14,000 in 1914\n\ndyed\n5,000 (11,000 in 1914)\n\nmercerised\n21,000 (30,000 in 1914)\n\nall other Wearing Apparel\n22,000\n\n21,000\n\n1,000\n\n60,000\n\nSince the outbreak of war, however, Japanese competition, particularly in textiles, has become more acute, and is being severely felt in underwear, umbrellas, yarns (40's), Turkey red cloths and other goods.\n\nJapanese shipping is only surpassed in total number of vessels and tonnage by the British. In 1914, of all shipping entered and cleared at Manila, the Japanese flag was flown on 132 vessels of a total net tonnage of 422,265. (British shipping for the same period-350 vessels, and 822,648 tons.)\n\nThe Mitsui Bussan Kaisha are established at Manila, and handle a steadily increasing import and export trade. The reason for the relative increase in imports from Japan may be explained in a sentence: cheap labour and geographical position.\n\nJapanese competition is undoubtedly increasing in severity, but it will be seen from the figures that it is not as yet really serious, and has not so far adversely affected local British interests to any appreciable extent.\n\nAmerican Competition. As we have seen, the United States supplies the major portion of the articles imported into the islands, a state of affairs entirely brought about by the Customs preference. I am informed that as the Philippines Government usually finds difficulty in raising revenue, it is possible that at some future time a small duty may be imposed on goods from the United States, but there is little hope that, in any event, foreign goods will be allowed to enter on the same terms as those from the United States so long as a virtual protectorate over the islands is continued.\n\nIn the local competition among merchants, American houses have not made the headway that might have been expected. Messrs. Macleod & Co. are strong competitors in hemp shipments, and transact a shipping agency business. Messrs. Macondray & Co. (in which there are British interests) do a considerable shipping and import trade. The American Trading Co., and several other smaller United States firms, are moderately active, particularly as regards engineering and hardware.\n\nBritish merchants, however, with their old-established connections and trade marks, and their strong financial position, are successfully maintaining their hold on the bulk trade.\n\nPage 51\n\nGeneral Methods of Business. The distribution of merchandise in the interior and throughout the islands is almost entirely in the hands of Chinese, who also act as merchants and brokers for the sale of produce to foreign exporters. Each foreign house in Manila, and elsewhere, employs a Chinese compradore for the transaction of its business, and he usually guarantees the accounts.\n\nThe usual credit terms granted by British houses on imported goods is from one to two months clear, and interest at the rate of 5-7 per cent. is charged after the expiry of this term. German firms frequently give 4-6 months credit, handing over the goods against promissory notes. Produce for export is paid for in cash upon delivery and after inspection, and this system has been found to work satisfactorily. In some cases advances are made, but this is not really necessary, and the custom is pernicious.\n\nShipping Facilities. In normal pre-war times direct shipping services were maintained between the United Kingdom and Philippine ports (Manila and Iloilo) by the Cia. Transatlantica and by Messrs. Alfred Holt & Co. The former line loaded at Liverpool and Glasgow, and called en route at Spanish ports and Singapore. This service has been suspended. The Blue Funnel steamers (Alfred Holt & Co.) load also at Glasgow and Birkenhead, and call at Penang and Singapore, but direct shipment has been suspended since the war, and cargo for the Philippines is transhipped at Hong Kong. Goods can also be shipped from London by the P. & O., Glen, Shire, and Nippon Yusen Kaisha lines with transhipment at Hong Kong, and occasionally a steamer loads at Middlesboro', taking Philippines cargo as far as Hong Kong. All these lines are members of the Eastern Shipping Conference, and a very efficient service was maintained.\n\nThe Trans-Pacific trade, prior to the war, was largely in the hands of the Pacific Mail S.S. Co., the Toyo Kisen Kaisha, and the Nippon Yusen Kaisha. The first-named company has now withdrawn its service owing to the operation of the La Follette Seaman's Bill, according to the terms of which 75 per cent. of the seamen on vessels entering United States ports must understand the language of their officers. This greatly-criticised measure has given a direct premium to Japanese shipping, which now largely predominates on the Pacific. In June 1914 the Canadian Pacific Steamship Company made Manila a port of call for its \"Empress\" boats on the outward voyage from Vancouver to Hong Kong, and this service will be fully maintained after the war. Messrs. Alfred Holt & Co. operated a service between Manila, Seattle and Puget Sound ports, and trans-Pacific connections were also maintained by steamers of the Barber, Dodwell, and Bank lines.\n\nIn 1914 an arrangement was made whereby three steamship companies, viz., the Ocean Steamship Co. (Alfred Holt & Co.) and two Dutch companies-Rotterdam Lloyd and the Netherlands-will in turn send one ship a month from New York via the Suez Canal, making Manila its terminus point after calling at Batavia and Macassar, and calling at Batavia, Colombo, and Gibraltar on the return voyage. The Indra line also run regular services from New York to the Far East via Suez.\n\nA very good local service between Manila and Hong Kong is maintained by the China Navigation Co. (Messrs. Butterfield and Swire), the Indo-China S.S. Co. (Messrs. Jardine, Mathieson, & Co., Ltd.), and numerous Japanese steamers.\n\nThe share of the principal flags engaged in the foreign trade of the islands will be seen from the following figures abstracted from the Consular Report, and showing the vessels cleared at Manila during 1913 and 1914-\n\nNationality\nVessels. 1913\nNet Tonnage\nVessels. 1914\nNet Tonnage\n\nBritish\n359\n827,246\n360\n822,648\n\nUnited States\n29\n204,582\n27\n193,049\n\nDanish\n10\n\n8\n997\n\nFrench\n81\n250,321\n61\n191,847\n\nGerman\n133\n402,496\n182\n422,265\n\nJapanese\n\n+\n5,117\n\nNorwegian\n8\n16,220\n45\n60,961\n\nPhilippine\n37\n$1,700\n\nt\n\nPortuguese\n1\n995\n207\n\nRussian\n13\n32,558\n12\n28,355\n\nSpanish\n2\n6,882\n2\n4,645\n\nSwedish\n\n669\n\nTotal\n1,791,203\n\n631\n1,721,931\n\nNOTE.-Coastwise vessels are not included in the foregoing table, only those entering and clearing Manila direct in foreign trade being mentioned here. The others appear in the Cebu and Iloilo returns according as they called at either of these ports before or after Manila.\n\nInterned German Shipping. Twenty-five German vessels entered Manila Harbour for safety after August 5th, 1914, of which seven put to sea again, but three ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 474935, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 629, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "54 \n\n(c) The enterprise shown by young Germans of late years in commencing business on their own account. This is probably due to the increased liberal facilities accorded to them by the manufacturers and banks in their own country.\n\nmore\n\n4. Japanese competition is becoming very serious in yarns of all kinds, and the lower end of the piece goods trade. In hosiery and underwear, Japanese productions now dominate the market. Philippines ports are becoming more and more dependent on Japan for coal supplies, and Japanese shipping now takes second place.\n\n5. Shipping and financial facilities are adequately provided by British institutions to meet the needs of the trade. Since the outbreak of war, and the establishment of the Federal Reserve Bank, a tendency for American business to be financed through New York instead of through London has become apparent. This is little more than a tendency at present, so far as Atlantic ports are concerned, but, should the war be prolonged, there is some danger that the practice may become generally established.\n\n71 \n\n6. Owing to the fact that the Philippine Islands are under American control, it is difficult to see how any effectual official measures can be taken to restrict German activity in the country after the war. The extension of the \"black list\" for a limited period after the conclusion of peace does not appear to be either practicable or advisable in a country where neutral interests are so deeply involved. German houses might be penalised to some extent by the restriction of the financial facilities formerly accorded to them by the British exchange banks, and by the withdrawal of those British agencies which were formerly in German hands.\n\n7. The future of British trade in the islands depends entirely upon the attitude of the United States with regard to their political status. It is fairly certain that were the islands cast adrift to govern themselves they would rapidly sink into a state of anarchy and would fall an easy prey to Japan, to which country they would form an invaluable outpost, not merely as a political \"point d'appui,\" but also as an outlet for her surplus population. Although under present tariff conditions it is difficult for trade in United Kingdom manufactures to expand, local British merchants still hold the strongest position in the foreign trade of the ports. Were the islands to fall into the hands of Japan, their position would be seriously undermined and would ultimately become untenable.\n\nIt would therefore appear to be in the best interests of Great Britain that the United States should maintain firm control over the Philippines.\n\n55 \n\nFrom a commercial point of view the country may be divided into two sections:-\n\n(a) Cochin China and Cambodia, whose foreign trade passes through the port of Saigon. The capital of the protectorate of Cambodia is Pnom Penh on the Mekong, but the trade of this centre passes through Saigon. (b) Tongking with its foreign commerce centralised at the port of Haiphong. It is considered advisable, therefore, to divide this brief report on Indo-China under the headings of Saigon and Haiphong.\n\n(1) The Trade of Saigon.\n\nAccording to the latest Consular Report the total trade of Saigon for the three years 1912-14 was as follows:-\n\nImports\nExports\nTotal\n\n1912\n£ 5,055,565\n£ 6,463,633\n£ 11,519,198\n\n1913\n£ 4,736,275\n£ 8,485,072\n£ 13,221,347\n\n1914\n£ 5,948,416\n£ 8,656,198\n£ 14,604,614\n\nImport Trade. The total imports of the principal articles during the same years, together with the share of the principal contributing countries, will be seen from the following table.\n\nArticles\nOrigin\n1912\n1913\n1914\n\nSilk tissues\n\nFrancs. 4,817,379\nFrancs. 4,501,567\nFrancs. 4,639,745\n\nCotton tissues\n\n18,123,481\n15,354,507\n10,911,625\n\nGuany bags\n\nOpium\n\n1,709,182\n3,528,149\n1,580,370\n\nDried fruits and seeds\n\n3,137,525\n3,410,504\n2,674,848\n\nWines and spirits\n\n4,013,403\n3,883,363\n3,410,504\n\nKerosene\n\n2,321,880\n2,271,292\n2,314,925\n\nSugar\n\n5,184,818\n2,808,623\n\nTea\n\n2,091,419\n\nMachinery\n\n2,019,937\n3,077,071\n\nGlassware\n\nIron and steel\n\n1,780,146\n\nGold leaf\nFrance and colonies\n95 per cent.; United Kingdom, 1 per cent.\n\nSingapore\n97 per cent. (probably of Indian origin)\n\nCotton tissues\nChina\n83 per cent.; Hong Kong, 13 per cent.\n\nGuany bags\nHong Kong\n96 per cent.; China, 4 per cent.\n\nOpium\nSingapore\n66 per cent.; Hong Kong, 25 per cent.\n\nDried fruits and seeds\nFrance\n38 per cent.; China, 46 per cent.; Hong Kong, 11 per cent.\n\nWines and spirits\nFrance\n80 per cent.; China (crackers, etc.), 19 per cent.\n\nKerosene\nHong Kong (Chinese)\n8 per cent.\n\nFrance and colonies\n89 per cent.; Hong Kong (Chinese), 8 per cent.\n\nSugar\nHong Kong\n40 per cent.; Japan, 25 per cent.; China, 20 per cent.\n\nFrance\n87 per cent.; China, 37 per cent.; Hong Kong, 12 per cent.; Singapore, 10 per cent.\n\nTea\nFrance\n90 per cent.\n\nNetherlands India\n51 per cent.; United States, 18 per cent.\n\nMachinery\nFrance\n45 per cent.; Singapore, 37 per cent.; Hong Kong, 18 per cent.\n\nHong Kong\n81 per cent. (probably American origin); France, 12 per cent.\n\nGlassware\nFrom Hong Kong and China\nover 99 per cent.\n\nIron and steel\nFrance\n66 per cent.; United Kingdom, 10 per cent.; Germany, 18 per cent.\n\nIron\n968,397 fr. (3,400 tons)\n\nSteel\n811,749 fr. (3,378 tons)\n\nSteel almost entirely from France\n\nFrom France\n66 per cent.; United Kingdom, 13 per cent.\n\n64 \n\nSECTION 5.--French Indo-China.\n\nSources of Information.-Accurate information with regard to the trade of French Indo-China is difficult to obtain, inasmuch as, with the exception of the agencies of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation at Saigon, and of the Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China at Saigon and Haiphong, there are no British merchants established in the country. I am indebted to Sir Charles Addis, to Messrs. Adamson, Gillibras & Co., Ltd., of Singapore, and to Messrs. Wainwright Bros., shipping agents of the Messageries Maritimes, for certain specific information with regard to the trade of Saigon, but the bulk of the trade figures for that port have had, perforce, to be taken from the latest Consular Report.\n\nAs regards Haiphong, I visited this port in 1915 en route for the Chinese province of Yunnan, which it serves, and made a special study of the transit trade, the general conditions of which will be found in my China Report, pages 184-5.\n\nGeneral Description.-French Indo-China comprises the colony of Cochin-China and the protectorates of Cambodia, Annam, Tongking and the Laos States. It covers an area of 310,000 square miles, and contains a population estimated at 16,000,000, most of whom are Annamites. The Chinese number 150,000 and the Europeans 15,000. The deltas of Cochin-China and Tonking are fertile, and rice, maize, cotton, sugar, seeds and tobacco are the principal productions of these alluvial districts. The principal mineral production is coal, which is mined at Tourane, in Annam, and more especially at Hongay, in Tonking. The output averages some 500,000 tons annually.\n\nPaper and manufactures thereof.\n\nArms and ammunition\n\nTobacco\n\nPottery\n\nThread\n\nFlour\n\n624", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 479334, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-453 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [1-3]", "page_number": 311, "title": "CO129-453 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [1-3]", "content_text": "**SECRET**\n\n295\n\n**GOVERNMENT HOUSE. HONGKONG.** 20th February, 1919.\n\nMy Lord,\n\nWith reference to Mr. Long's Secret Circular Despatch of 26th November, 1918, I have the honour to state that no postal conventions have ever been made between the Hongkong Posts and Austria, Bulgaria or Turkey.\n\n2.\n\nThere are however three agreements which have been made between the Hongkong and the German Poste, details of which are as follows:-\n\n(a). Convention for the exchange of Money Orders between the Imperial German Postal Administration and the Postal Administration of the British Colony of Hongkong. Done in duplicate and signed in Berlin by the Secretary of State on 5th May, 1905. Signed in Hongkong by Mr. L. A. M. Johnston, 10th August, 1905.\n\n(b). Supplement to the Money Order Convention. Done in duplicate and signed in Berlin by the Secretary of State on 14th May, 1907. Signed in Hongkong by Mr. S. B. C. Ross, 5th April, 1907. This extends (a) with certain modifications to the German Protectorate of Kiautschou, and makes Hongkong an intermediary for orders drawn in Kiautschou on other countries with which Hongkong has money order agreements.\n\n(c).\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE \nVISCOUNT MILNER, G.C.B., \n&c., \nGLC...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-453 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 482124, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "page_number": 172, "title": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919", "content_text": "sir,\n\n169\n\nHONGKONG & SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION,\n\n9, Gracechurch Street, London, E.C.3.\n\n3rd December, 1919.\n\nWith reference to our letter to you of 26th August and your reply thereto (No.6686) of 2nd September, also to the notification appearing in the London Gazette of 24th October, 1919, under the heading of the Treaty of Peace Act, 1919, may we ask your ruling on the following points:-\n\nSec. I.(Subsec. ii.) This section states, among other things: \"Any person interested in any such debt or debtor or creditor shall have no such communication with any persons interested therein as creditor or debtor except through or by leave of the Clearing Office.\"\n\nIn this connection we are anxious to know what is the position of our Hamburg branch when the Treaty of Peace becomes operative: are they allowed to communicate with German debtors and/or creditors in regard to the Bank's pre-war outstandings? Mr. R. E. N. Padfield, as you are aware, is at present in Hamburg investigating the affairs of the Bank's Hamburg Branch, and we are desirous of giving him full information on the procedure to be followed.\n\nIn the Schedule Sec. III., Art.296(e), it is stated that \"The provisions of this Article and of the Annex hereto shall not apply as between Germany on the one hand and any one of the Allied and Associated Powers, their colonies or protectorates, or any one of the British Dominions or India on the other hand, unless within a period of one month from the deposit of the ratifications of the present Treaty by the Power in question, or of the ratification on behalf of such Dominion or of India, notice to that effect is given to Germany by the Government of such Allied or associated Power or of such Dominion or of India, as the case may be.\"\n\nAs you are aware, we have Branches in India, China and the East, and we presume that Hongkong, Straits Settlements and Ceylon will be included in the \"Dominions,\" but does \"Protectorate\" cover places (say) in China and Siam, where extra-territoriality exists?\n\n30", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 484150, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-462 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [7-10]", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-462 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [7-10]", "content_text": "MEMORANDUM.\n\n8\n\n1. As arranged I am sending you this note of the points on which I think that a reference to the Secretary of State is necessary. Some of these points relate to your work as Controller and some to your work as Custodian.\n\n2. One main question is as to the meaning of the term \"property, rights and interests\". In other words, what things are subject to the charge created by the Treaty of Peace Order, 1919. Clearly, immovable property and shares are subject to the charge, and other instances can easily be imagined, but doubt may be felt as to whether the following are subject to the charge:-\n\n(a) Ordinary commercial debts, e.g. money due for goods sold and delivered.\n\n(b) Deposit receipts and credit balances in current accounts in banks.\n\n(c) Bills of exchange.\n\n(d) The rights of a purchaser of shares who has not yet been placed on the register of shareholders.\n\n(e) Dividends in company liquidations.\n\n(f) The proceeds of German owned shares sold by the company under its articles.\n\n(g) Claims to damages for breach of contract.\n\n(h) Claims to damages for tort.\n\nThe term \"property, rights and interests\" seems in itself wide enough to cover all the above examples, but the following considerations suggest some doubt on the point:-\n\n(a) The property, rights and interests charged must be \"within His Majesty's Dominions or Protectorates\". Can a purely personal right be said to have any local situation? This point has of course been discussed in several revenue cases.\n\n(b) In Article 1(xvi)(a) of the Order the reference to companies and associations rather tends to throw", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-462 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [7-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 485368, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920", "page_number": 310, "title": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920", "content_text": "Downing Street,\n\n15th March, 1920.\n\nSir,\n\nI have the honour to inform you that the question of the treatment of trade marks belonging to German subjects, which have not been sold in the liquidation of enemy firms in the Colonies not possessing responsible government and Protectorates, but have been vested in the local Custodian of Enemy Property, has been under consideration.\n\n2. Such marks will in general fall into three classes :-\n\n(A) those belonging to German individuals, firms, or companies established in and carrying on business in Germany but not established in the Colony,\n\n(B) those belonging to German individuals, firms or companies carrying on business only in the Colony,\n\n(C) those belonging to German individuals, firms or companies established in and carrying on business in both the Colony and Germany.\n\n3. Marks falling within the first of these classes should, in view of the provisions of Article 306 of the Treaty of Peace with Germany, be restored to the registered owners provided that proof of the existence of the owners or of their legal representatives in Germany is forthcoming.\n\n4. In the case of those falling within the second class, the business carried on in the Colony has presumably been wound up or liquidated and, so far as the Colony is concerned, there is no German person entitled to the business or to the trade marks. The existing shareholders in a business which has been wound up can claim no rights to such trade marks as they are not the legal representatives of the former owners. In such cases therefore the trade marks should not be transferred by the Custodian at all, but he should continue to be recognized as the owner and should exercise his rights for a limited period (say two or three years) on the expiration of which the mark might again be thrown open either for general use or to any person applying for re-registration.\n\n(Signed) G. GRINDLE\n\nPage 299", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 485369, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920", "page_number": 311, "title": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920", "content_text": "9440/20\n\n300\n\nMemo for prudent-\n\nthis\n\n15 March 1920\n\nI have to inform you on the question of the treatment of trade marks belonging to German subjects who have not been sold in the liquidation of enemy property.\n\nThe Colonies and Protectorates responsible Government have been informed that the Custodian of Enemy Property has been vested with the local property under General Order 2.\n\nSuch marks will fall into three classes:\n\n(a) those belonging to German individuals or companies established in Germany but not carrying on business in the Colony;\n\n(b) those belonging to German individuals or companies carrying on business in the Colony;\n\n(c) those registered in the names of two entities, a German individual firm or company in Germany carrying on business as a manufacturer and a German individual firm or company in the Colony carrying on business as an agent—the mark denoting both the manufacturer's and the agent's business.\n\n5. Marks falling within the third class are in effect registered in the names of two entities, a German individual firm or company in Germany carrying on business as a manufacturer and a German individual firm or company in the Colony carrying on business as an agent—the mark denoting both the manufacturer's and the agent's business. The latter business has presumably been liquidated and is no longer in existence. In view of the provisions of paragraph 5 of the Annex to Article 297 of the Peace Treaty, such marks might be retained by the Custodian, if it were desired to prevent imports by the firm concerned into the Colony, but having regard to the general resumption of trade between the British Empire and Germany it is considered that it would be best to allow the mark to be restored to the German firm, with whose business it was formerly associated.\n\n6. In cases where it is decided to restore enemy trade marks, two alternative courses are possible:\n\n(A) A General Divesting Order or Deed, leaving the various rights of the parties to be determined hereafter in legal proceedings;\n\n(B) the restoration of each trade mark only on special application by the parties properly entitled to it, the transfer by the Custodian to such parties being recorded in the Register of Trade Marks.\n\nIt seems preferable that the second of these courses should be adopted, proof of title being called for in each case before the transfer by the Custodian to the person claiming ownership. It does not seem necessary that a special assignment should be made in each case, and all that would be required is that, in each case in which the title was made to the satisfaction of the Custodian, he should give to the Registrar of Trade Marks a written authorization to re-enter the names of the applicants in the Register, which might be in the following terms:\n\nSubject to the provisions of the Treaty of Peace, I consent to the transfer of mark now standing in my name as Custodian to who has proved his title to my satisfaction under the Treaty of Peace.\n\nDRAFT.\n\nCircular to all Colonies & Protectorates (not to Tanganyika)\n\nMINUTE.\n\nMr. Discon\n\nMr. Burke 9/3/20\n\nMr. Grindle\n\nSir H. Lambert.\n\nSir H. Read.\n\nSir G. Fiddes.\n\nCol. Amery.\n\nLord Milner.\n\n60\n\n008/120\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nSir,\n\nYour most obedient, humble servant,\n\n(for the Secretary of State)\n\nL. S. AMERY.\n\n22 March 1920.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 493883, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "page_number": 274, "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "content_text": "CONFIDENTIAL.\n\n(41074)\n\nSir,\n\n1.0.1684/22 Hong Kong.\n\nSent to all Colonies and Protectorates.\n\nNOT to Tanganyika or the Middle East,\n\nDowning Street,\n\n17th January, 1922,\n\n271\n\nI have the honour to inform you that questions have arisen with regard to the interpretation of paragraph 10 of the Annex to Article 296 of the Treaty of Versailles, which deals with the collection of fines by Clearing Offices in certain cases.\n\n2. This paragraph does not contemplate either the infliction of a fine by a British Clearing Office on a British national claiming through it in the cases specified unless and until a demand to that effect is made by the German Clearing Office, or the demand of a fine where the British claim has been made bona fide. An agreement has been arrived at between the British and German Clearing Offices, whereby a fine will in no case be claimed unless and until 14 days' notice of the intention to demand a fine has first been given by the opposing Clearing Office. In this connection I would invite reference to paragraphs 8 et seqq. of the letter from the Controller of the Clearing Office of the 2nd September, 1920, a copy of which was enclosed in Viscount Milner's Confidential Circular despatch of the 3rd December, 1920.\n\n3. The interest mentioned in the paragraph in question is at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum and not merely 5 per cent. of the amount involved.\n\n4. I shall be glad if the Controller of the local Clearing Office can be informed accordingly.\n\n5. I take this opportunity to state that the Controller of the Clearing Office has asked that the special attention of Controllers of local Clearing Offices should be drawn to the second paragraph of the memorandum referred to in paragraph 7 of my Circular despatch of the 14th September, 1921, which deals with the procedure in cases where proceeds of liquidation have been credited under Article 297 (h) (1) of the Treaty of Versailles and it is desired to withdraw the credit.\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nSir,\n\nYour most obedient, humble servant,\n\n(Signed) WINSTON S. CHURCHILL,\n\nOfficer Administering\n\nThe Government of", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 499256, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-487 - Others & Individuals - 1924", "page_number": 365, "title": "CO129-487 - Others & Individuals - 1924", "content_text": "# MINUTES\n\n## CONFERENCE OF MISSIONARY SOCIETIES IN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND\n## COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS WITH GOVERNMENTS\n\n### Chairmen\n- Col. Sir Robert Williams, Bt., MP\n- Rev. P. Alford\n- Rev. C. C. B. Bardsley\n- Rev. Nelson Bitton\n- Mr. Creighton\n- H. H. Gladstone\n- Rev. W. Gould\n- Henry T. Hodgkin, M.B.\n- H. G. Jude, C.B.E.\n- Bishop King\n- Mrs. King\n- H. Lankester, M.D.\n- Williamson Lamplugh\n- Rev. Frank Lenwood\n- Miss F. Mackenzie\n- Very Rev. J. N. Ogilvie, D.D.\n\n### Members\n- The Bishop of Peterborough\n - Rev. J. H. Fison, D.D.\n - Rev. C. Stdefford\n - James Steel\n - Rct. George Thompson, D.L.\n - Rev. C. E. Wilson\n - The Bishop of Winchester\n - Rev. Basil Wood\n- T. H. Oldham\n- Kenneth MacLennan\n- Hon. Assistant Secretary\n - M. J. Hunter, M.B.E.\n\nEDINBURGH HOUSE \n2 EATON GATE, LONDON, S.W.1 \nTelephone: 1 – Victoria 1438 \n23 SEP 24\n\nThe Under Secretary of State, \nColonial Office \nLONDON\n\n18th September 1924.\n\nSir,\n\nIn a letter dated July 23rd, 1923, the Conference of Missionary Societies submitted certain proposals with regard to the former German missions working in Hongkong. In a reply dated January 9th, 1924, (`954/1924`) we were informed by the Secretary of State that the Hongkong Government considered it undesirable that the Basel Mission should resume work in the Colony, though they had no objection to the return of Mr. Jucker. It was thought at that time that the other German missions did not wish to return to the Colony and it was suggested that the Trustees should dispose of their property and hand over the proceeds to the societies for work in the Tungtung Province of China.\n\nA new situation has been created through the decision of the Secretary of State to remove any discrimination against German missionary societies in regard to missionary work in the colonies, protectorates, and mandated territories under the supervision of the Colonial Office. Mr. Thomas has stated that it will now be open to the Conference of Missionary Societies to recommend German missionary societies for inclusion in the list of societies \"recognised\" by His Majesty's Government under the existing arrangements.\n\nThe/", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-487 - Others & Individuals - 1924.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 500171, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7]", "page_number": 575, "title": "CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7]", "content_text": "# Copy.\n\nDowning Street, \n11th July, 1924.\n\n554\n\nGentlemen,\n\nI am directed by Mr. Secretary Thomas to inform you that he has had under consideration your letter of the 1st of April and that he has decided to accept the proposals contained therein for the removal of the present discrimination against German missionary societies in regard to missionary work in the Colonies, Protectorates and Mandated Territories under the supervision of this Department, apart from Palestine and Iraq, where, so far as Mr. Thomas is aware, there is no discrimination against German missionary societies.\n\n2. Such societies will accordingly henceforth be placed in a position similar to that of missionary societies in other European countries in regard to the admission of their members to the Dependencies concerned, and it will be open to the Conference of Missionary Societies in Great Britain and Ireland to recommend them for \"recognition\" by His Majesty's Government under the existing arrangements, subject to the conditions stated in the last paragraph of your letter.\n\n(d.) G. Grindle.\n\nThe Secretaries, \nConference of Missionary Societies \nin Great Britain and Ireland;", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 500172, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7]", "page_number": 576, "title": "CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7]", "content_text": "## \n\nThe Under Secretary of State, \nColonial Office, \nLondon, S.W.1. \n18th September, 1924.\n\nSir,\n\nIn a letter dated July 23rd, 1923, the Conference of Missionary Societies submitted certain proposals with regard to the former German missions working in Hongkong. \nIn a reply dated January 9th, 1924, (`954/1924`) we were informed by the Secretary of State that the Hongkong Government considered it undesirable that the Basel Mission should resume work in the Colony, though they had no objection to the return of Mr. Jucker. It was thought at that time that the other German missionaries did not wish to return to the Colony and it was suggested that the Trustees should dispose of their property and hand over the proceeds to the societies for work in the Kwangtung Province of China.\n\nA new situation has been created through the decision of the Secretary of State to remove any discrimination against German missionary societies in regard to missionary work in the colonies, protectorates and mandated territories under the supervision of the Colonial Office. \nMr. Thomas has stated that it will now be open to the Conference of Missionary Societies to recommend German missionary societies for inclusion in the list of societies \"recognised\" by His Majesty's Government under the existing arrangements.\n\nThe Conference of Missionary Societies, after consulting with the German societies formerly carrying on work in Hongkong, desires to submit the following proposals for the approval of His Majesty's Government. A request for", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 500178, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7]", "page_number": 582, "title": "CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7]", "content_text": "## 551\n\n\"LAP ITAY' TASD\" \n\"TBURT SIDI GRIM MAMEI \n((a) adpræming dôžu kos \nyalm von WWęg al \n\"DIRI 0985 #ì DEL.oll \n.718 \nkład pal \n.wyslích dill yet? yi kokgrono susseng da konfi \n- to Jaki \n,001119 Lakmaid \nadd tot asaðarti \n* . #8 ogging \nzoddel est to digemaraq Land? tebook Lanai udhë dëbu pullanh, \nurek) add to master adi dakw \nderyataq de\n\nMissionaries to which the Government of Hongkong attach importance.\n\nThe Trustees were unable to concur with paragraph 5 (d) and paragraph 9 of the Memorandum as at present drafted, being of opinion that on the resumption of residence the representatives of the Basel Mission should be allowed to hold property on the same terms as other missionary societies operating in the Colony.\n\n3. It was noted that the Secretary of State for the Colonies had decided to remove any discrimination against German Missionary Societies in regard to missionary work in the Colonies, protectorates and mandated territories under the supervision of the Colonial Office, and that it is open to the Conference of Missionary Societies of Great Britain and Ireland to recommend them (German Missionary Societies) for \"recognition\" by His Majesty's Government under the existing arrangements.\n\n4. The Trustees were of opinion that the correct course of procedure was for the Basel Society to apply for \"recognition\" from His Majesty's Government, as they wish to resume work in Hongkong, and that no material alteration should be made in the status at present existing until the reply to that application has been communicated to the Trustees.\n\nSubject to your approval a copy of the Memorandum, together with a copy of this letter will be forwarded to Mr. J. H. Oldham, Secretary of the Conference of Missionary Societies in Great Britain and Ireland, for his information.\n\nI am, &c., \n(Sd.) C. B. Shann, \nHon. Secretary.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 500969, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]", "page_number": 4, "title": "CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]", "content_text": "Entertainments.\n\nThere are.\n\nTHRILLS,\n\nTHE\n\nTHRILLS,\n\nTHRILLS,\n\nUNKNOWN\n\nPURPLE\n\nin\n\nA Tale of love mystery\n\nAnd\n\nvengeance\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1925.\n\nThe absorbing story of a greatly wronged inventor who discovered a purple ray by which he could make himself invisible\n\nHENRY B. WALTHALL ALICE LAKE\n\nand\n\nSTUART HOLMES\n\nhead a big cast\n\nSUPER 7\n\nCINEMA\n\nDaily At\n\nSundays\n\n2.30.\n\nat\n\n5.15,\n\nA..\n\n7.15.\n\n7.30.\n\n9.16.\n\nTuesday Thursday Sunday\n\n9 13.\n\nChange of Programme\n\nTHE STAR\n\nTO-DAY\n\nat 5.50 and 9.15\n\nFLORENCE VIDOR\n\nand\n\nMONTE BLUE\n\nin\n\nSinclair Lewis' famous story\n\nMAIN STREET\n\nANCHOR BRAND\n\nPURE\n\nINTERNATIONAL GENERAL, AUGUST SETTLEMENT DAY.\n\nELECTRIC.\n\nNEW PRESIDENT.\n\nAnnouncement has been made of\n\nA FAIR AMOUNT OF BUSINESS.\n\nAlthough the exchanges have\n\nbeen closed for business ever\n\nsince the strike commenced,\n\na fair amount of business was\n\nput through yesterday, August\n\nSettlement day.\n\nA FALSE CLAIM\n\n¿ QUESTION OF WHICH TO BELIEVE.\n\nDispute About Rainbow.\n\nKotore Mr. Jnative Wood at the\n\nCivilized possession of 1871 bangles\n\nBinary Court yesterday, Lo On\n\nhas relinguished the presidency\n\nof the contract made for August\n\nbefore Board.\n\nMr. Minor is well known\n\nin the Far East.\n\nHe joined the\n\nWestern Electric Company in 1902\n\nand occupied various clerical posi-\n\ntions, each better than the preced-\n\ning, until he was made assistant\n\nmanager of the Katens: City office\n\nin 1906.\n\nA year later he was\n\ntransferred to Omaha,\n\nand two years later be returned\n\nto Kansas City in the capacity of\n\nmanager of the office.\n\nIn 1914 he returned to America\n\nand became active Foreign Sales\n\nchanges with open again San-\n\nManager in New York City.\n\nthough In tember 13\n\nno definite 1218 he was assigned to special\n\ndecision hua vet bren auired a\n\nwork in Ching and fapas, paderj\n\nthe supervision of Mr. Swope,\n\nand in Bul year organised the China\n\nElectric Company, Ltd., for the\n\npurpose of manufacturing tele-\n\nphone apparatus in that court.\n\nTHE FRENCH DEBT.\n\nCONVERSATIONS CONTINUE.\n\nLondon, Aug. 21.\n\nIt was toward the end of 1921,\n\nafter completing his work in the\n\nOrient, then he became uropran\n\nManager of the Western Chillaws.\n\nThe latter interviewed!\n\nby Reuter.\n\nsaid there would prob-\n\nably be farther outings to-morrow.\n\nthough nothing definite land bean\n\nJa the spring of 1921 he joined\n\nise International Generet Elvetzie\n\nCompany as Vice-President.\n\nLi Su ail that he met 34 Ouj\n\nsoon after his amivel.\n\nIo Os told im that the barabocs\n\nwere his property and said that he\n\nhad pod Jaşṭ orer 8900 for ruen\n\nend still wedtic mere than $700.\n\nWitness told the Court that he\n\npeld the rest of the plot of landį\n\nfor the first moon,\n\nCross-examined: He went with\n\ndefendent to pay the rent.\n\nMr. MacCallum: Why is the receipt\n\nin the made vi o Chues Kee?--In\n\nChuen Hen said that the\n\nan receipt had been torn up by\n\nTo taid the resh for the recová\n\nfixed reapreting the coved of his\n\nlittle guy.\n\nA will be gathered from this\n\nconversations.\n\nsamrosey of successes in f\n\nM. Callaus was uncommunics-en---I\n\ndid not pay.\n\nmany pralviong, Mr. Minor na\n\ntheive and merely stated that the\n\nquelitive that make him Heed, at\n\njconversations\n\nnapinistrative)\n\nTHE COFFIN\n\nwell es respected.\n\nA dearmind cordist-Reeter.\n\nJed. kena Pinker, with sogatang-|\n\ntiva wei! as abuty, he is alive to\n\nthe men side of business relations\n\n» Tast which has always been angreekat-\n\nen oy those within as well as out-\n\nside his own organization.\n\nLLERINA MAANTE, STORLESTON, OSBORNE WOOD CONVICTED.\n\nGIVEN PRISON SENTENC\n\nOne Year laguisopment for Sea of Gen. Weed.\n\nParis, Angui\n\n15--Liens\n\nburae Wond son of the Qorginos\n\nSenest of the Philippines, was to\n\nAnother\n\nvituesa\n\nwho\n\nwa\n\nextremely vienaly in defendant's\n\nemploy densed what he had\n\nknowledge that\n\nCROP.\n\nEGYPT AN ESTIMATE.\n\nCairo, Aug. 94, The area under\n\ncontra le oled ally estimated at\n\n1.924.000 Ted-\n\ndans, as cetopared with 1,787,000\n\nthe plainuff was furing to swindlej\n\nIs knen-kec out of the batchona.\n\nHe said that the reason be left!\n\nthe defendant's employ was, be-\n\ncause Ho Give ongated two wien\n\nbit of lots of bamboos in vas)\n\nmonth,\n\nForry Years in Hong Kong,\n\nDefendant.\n\nIn the hex, sulü he feddens last\n\nseason, of whichį nad spent forty\n\nyears in Heug-\n\nSavollarides accounts for 1,198,-\n\nkong and for torky-one years be\n\n1000 feddags se compared with\n\nhad been a desier in buibus)\n\n879.3 feddone last year-Router\n\nand bamoso by-products.\n\nday Antenced to war's imṣiri..!\n\nsurmeni nude foe of 14. 1930\n\nFollow-j\n\nFing conviction or a change of\n\npars-\n\nNEWS IN BRIEF.\n\nLOCAL AND CSEKAL GOMBEA.\n\nKalpinging, Touréssion.\n\nAneering to Northern Chinese\n\ning a montidens chaque for GR1,730\n\nmanors, General Lí C) Lasin isced\n\nsif entered his engtoy towards\n\nthe wel of Aprii and on May 2nd be\n\nhim 000 ANTO Vo ない\n\ntiengphau Fax iny iLanding Da bi hekali.\n\nHe (turned some days later and said\n\nNd fost The accounts and receipts,\n\nbut added that witness red hit $70\n\nwhich he spent in excess of the $600.\n\nHe said he\n\nat Line Casino Biarritz.\n\nYoung Rindas, acder to the ludustal\n\nChan had to pay $30 to 10ɛ Yip!\n\nis now in the United State\n\nratsalouer of Chit with Instrue\n\nYee Tong, a robber pang.\n\nLatar\n\nThe\n\nThe touging Cuited Pren die tipe to\n\nthe Enamelow Mining Ad-\n\npleistift sunt a man to take aweF\n\npatel from Pans apparently ontninistration to negotiate with one of\n\nthe bamboo but witness\n\ntimes the fan diapos in the Kalping\n\nMining Admlustratoba bit that not\n\neven the must! adventures of the\n\nJonas son of tion regarding the\n\nterms for euential man in the Colony\n\nGoverar General Wood into tatoration\n\nof the latter to the could touch its\n\nhandido.\n\nreales of high francs.\n\nYoung Wood\n\nChinese.\n\nAccording to the prometter\n\nwas reported to the police who\n\nwas a lienserant in the U. 8.\n\nprovisions stipulated in thu sgreement\n\nand gomeone wagested that he\n\nArts stationed in the folppinesigned\n\nbebeteen the Chinage and give the\n\nplaint about a hundred sau etéo\n\nMamagh forentade sperni.\n\n- tion he cable a the New York\n\nStorks regarding the Kaiping\n\nhandles ur beinbrs in order tr\n\nExelago, ve anasis fortune of\n\nmines, they could be henght bek\n\nmake up for the $70 which Lo On\n\nhad paid out of his own pocket.\n\nMANILA ROPE la calle duista\n\nThem by the Chinese in ten years by\n\n\"THE CORDAGE YOU CAN TRUST \"\n\nESTABLISHED 1854\n\nMARINE ROPE\n\nROPE\n\nTRANSMISSION\n\nGF TOWER ROPE\n\nH\n\nYNCHAUSTI\n\nCABLE LAID\n\nHAWKERS\n\nWELL DRILLING\n\nCABLES\n\nFACTORY\n\nCanned with bin cheque book\n\nhajamming ae adegun'e sum to the\n\nBri.\n\nTuk\n\n*\n\n29130 named\n\nQuestioned by his Lordship ag\n\netarted out en rip mound the bish.\n\nThe ten-gear terin haz alto\n\nthe security he had to giving\n\nwood, painting the ace in mota ar\n\n194dy expired, in 1938.\n\nNegotia\n\nthe plaintiff $600 when he had\n\nless lurid colure, the preced GN\n\nwere then ronducted between\n\nknow him caly few days Upor\n\nhit arrives in Fraser be mame\n\nthe Lanchow and Kalping Min\n\nwitness said that\n\nately got into the newspapering\n\nAdministrations, but no resuit\n\nChan\n\nThe matter was plainuiff and\n\nexpressed his will\n\nROPES OF ALL\n\nheadlines through his gambling at\n\nhis out.\n\nthe meh usertą.\n\n| dropped until now.\n\ningness to stand as surety.\n\nTe SIZES FOR ALI\n\nFinally something happened and at\n\ninstructed plaints not to pay\n\nmore than 30 canta & iudie for!\n\nthe bamboo,\n\nMADE FROM\n\nPORE MANILA\n\nHEMP\n\nMANUFACTURED\n\nBY THE MOST\n\nMODELN\n\nMANILA\n\nMACHINERY.\n\nSTOCKS ON HAND OF ALL SIZES\n\nENQUIRIES SOLICITED.\n\nFACTORIES:-MANILA P.I.\n\nHONGKONG OFFICE:\n\nKING'S Telephons Central 2185,\n\nBUILDING.\n\nImprove the TONE of Your GRAMOPHONE with a\n\nhad rentsanded\n\nMr. Justlee Wood said that hol\n\nde reported that his father deceived\n\nMr. Band. D. Corbett has roupa,\n\neiled rourente Tren his son fored to\n\nthe AMS in connection Fans Govenor-General Wood is\n\nwith the ingration of what is\n\nreported to lova zent a casadevalla\n\nsikely in prove a new and interesting.\n\nsura, but apparently not wfficiens\n\nto PMS industry This is the rae\n\ncer all of the bunn\n\ntion of a deal works in Pahang,\n\nthe parties was telling\n\natisfied that\n\nhe being asked to decide which i\n\nListunut Wood is now reported\n\nnear Karls Lipe, to produes\n\nfront. be working for a real estate\n\nconjungle\n\nand Der woudy\n\ncern in fios, but apparently wil-\n\nmaterials verlic not be retamning to\n\nParis or 1-170dné, holidays.\n\nGERMAN TRADE WITH\n\nCMNA.\n\nA REMARKABLE INCREASE.\n\nHe felt\n\nthe\n\nraw defendunt id pay money to the\n\nmothy plaintiff and was of opinion\n\nthat ગ\n\nwond & dispute arose owing to the\n\nfact For paints, preservatives, forces)\n\nand various that the plaietiff spent\n\nmore than\n\nut neetates M. Frank he Karmin\n\ngiven.\n\nJudgment for Corben has obtained a\n\nsuitabl; defensant with costs would be\n\nJanncession oveż a in forest arms!\n\nziren.\n\njin Pabong, thù- soncession haing\n\nvery cius proximity\n\nto Frambit\n\nItalas 8hric whirl is fifreen\n\nThe Koch Zeiteng. Count Wes-\n\nniles from Kuala Lipia\n\ntazu's newspaper, pubisher a\n\nlong article froze te China cer-\n\nf Ken\n\nWhere are Solar\n\nrespondent, in which he gives\n\nantureins completeir Japsuined.\n\nAr visit to Tsingtan. Konluma,\n\nthree are to useins, al: account of a\n\nback in fure work\n\nAbout 300 Germans\n\nce\n\nFrabies\n\nbore, most of whom resided in\n\nthese, there is ous shoe-maker and\n\nMost of ibasa have been tha pice\n\nbefore the war.\n\nBineneaker\n\n19 the imports of German mersing\n\nin this part of Raphalian kine\n\nchandise have increased in the\n\ndva of the Romarov adruimte\n\nThere is electric light\n\n[Tưkteur.\n\nreally extraordinary manner\n\nyatable, be the Russians wil bs\n\nyear, and German influence is\n\nlar pit tor\n\n-ey begin\n\ngrowing at a corresponding rate.\n\n| work at about for in the morning,\n\nthe corraspondent, and my du ber\n\nsoon after sunset, It is, saya\n\nespecially from England and he\n\nUnited States thst strany is!\n\nGENNETT RECORD in and as the centre\n\nLATEST HITS IN TO-DAY For Sale At\n\nKOWLOON MUSIC STORE Kowloon Hotet Building\n\nKowloon,\n\nP\n\nWas\n\nPIMPLES CAUSED GREAT PAIN\n\nOn Hands. Sufered Years.\n\nIlealed by Caticara.\n\n\"My daughter's bands saved tand that saw piTNILA feente.\n\nThey led with water bar bedeft then kinak and fester and fier for great jam.\n\nShe was\n\ndie\n\ngel up at night and bold her hand.\n\nJin very hot water fu chse the pot...\n\nShe suffered like that for úve or zivi\n\nTORE are for acrae Son\n\nExtas 4 tane of the Yokohama socks Bank was ned i Karachi gravity of world policy is moving nutty.\n\nIs is reported that Kara rapidly towards the Pacific, the ante brak with Japan bre intrinsed German Goverment should take hy tess and hounds during the every portunity to profeet and that five yearE\n\nthe Fer avour Germaniam in\n\nEt.\n\n\"The recovery of aume con. The Waokang Mint is at presne cessions in our former Kias-Chau | produery $150,00) Saily, hur en the\n\nhelp enor-market is in want of silver! Protectorate word\n\nmonsly the atfainment this delises it is pregused to rise the\n\ndaily work to $180,0 Lim.\"\n\nsent for a fer sample I found hi sas jaing ber gond to prese Itens and the is completely falodged] Te. Briggs. 120, Mic seter Rd., Derby. Eng.\n\nUse Cullera Sarp and Olatrert\n\nRegularly to maintain permand Jakir, and her health.\n\nSong vid Oistrant said thoughætt tår\n\nTry the Cuticure Shaving Sticks,\n\nDo This-Today\n\nTiis\n\nLearn how millions get whiter teeth\n\nwill digitiul test which\n\na new conception of what clear teeth moon,\n\nIt tacnus whiter, clatter, sufor teeth, such se millions now enjoy.\n\nSee wirst brings to you.\n\nThe war on film Dental suico is new fighting the cause of move topt]: Itoucles.\n\nFams that viseras coat you fesi.\n\nIt clings to south.\n\nUnder old methods of tooth brushing, ratch of it remains,\n\nTr.bentice decolored, then futz diy sogra Thng is why mà 1500y cerk cloudy.\n\nFilm also raises 10 troth trooi leg.\n\nIt loins food wykonanie\n\nadrich ferments and fenos sell, it holds de asià in content with the seath to asuse decay.\n\nGoms krevd by millions in it.\n\nThey, vit SAG- Sar, are the chiti cerme of your d\n\nThese troubles became almost umiyevast when that film wa left of teeth.\n\nModem rerganch das tiae werad two effective m coxbatants.\n\nOne digimtegrate the balm ut ski aresyna uf Pronation.\n\nOve rumoras à vikk... out bermind acouring.\n\nTese have proved dut dev rastheds mean à ngy era in leady\n\nTRADE\n\ncleaning.\n\nnew-type tootla paria has been created en apply ther\n\naily.\n\nThe name is Pepsodent\n\nNow the use of Peysadent ha spread the work over, largely by dental advice.\n\nLook at what Pepsodent does\n\nThe use of Pepsodent will britu\n\nat once a new conception of ela veet\n\nProtect the Enamel\n\nPepsodent disintegrates d fi khen reinowes fi with var gpent fir softer than gumel, ever desa de comment watch contains laurah gri\n\nIn dela ugga tisa tulu źni salthaling the gnty of th andira, which is then to nesesti: a montesis.\n\nJt trediciise féin par sila in salive, strah in devaẹ to do pant sich, deposits on ti\n\nThess combined effects will be a vežalise ke\n\nSend the rouson for a 70-320/ Tebe, éve how clean in teena Jeet after being.\n\nMark the\n\nof the series Blan.\n\nSee im ters Lacive whier as the i-ca dilsapy car.\n\nCompare the new way with the eid, then docide for yourself what\n\nis best ut et cospan tem.\n\nBAHK\n\nAGAINST\n\nThe New-Day Dentifrice\n\nBassa on quodern research.\n\nAd wse by Tading dotians in world over.\n\nYou will tea and food fame- diate cault,\n\nTwo zizta on ralc everywhere.\n\nAZZATA POR HONDMOND & BOLEH GIA;# KELAAR KERM A GO- 1.15. 5, W NONGKONG\n\n10-Day Tube.\n\nThe Pausodeot Dompany, Dept. C15-16.\n\nBus 1418, Shanahal.\n\nBackend find al cos Sramps.\n\nMail 10-day labs of Pzasadent to\n\nMail 10-Day Tube of Pepsodent to\n\nNave.. Address...\n\nGive full address.\n\nWrite plainly, Only ont vube 10 a kunits.\n\nCARBOLINE\n\nKILLS GERMS\n\nKeope every zvrnet\n\nSWEETENS DRAINS\n\npour hopes swest and elaan.\n\nThe beat IKI VISH Veudorant Gallins $2.75, Half Gallons $1.75.\n\nS'a 4. THE COLONIAL DISPENSARY\n\nDID you ever serve\n\nWelch Punch? Try -your guests will be Javish in praising it.\n\nHere is how you make it---\n\n1 pint Waith'a\n\nI quatt water\n\n1 cup sugar\n\nJake of 2 lunnans sud 1 orange\n\nThis manke the most licious and refreshing beverage you can serve or het days or evenlegs,\n\nTUL WELCH BRATE NICZOO, Wtfibi, N., 4.5. A.\n\nWelch's\n\nGrapeJuice\n\nWhelssola Regreactiam ius.\n\nMULLER & PHIPPS (China) Ltd.\n\nZebrand. P. D, Bos afin, Kingstei\n\nAssist\n\nNature\n\nHowever robust\n\nand strong the con- stirution there are fines when Nature requires assistance in relieving congested parts and re- storing normal function.\n\nNature has no subre efficient aid to health than Beechma's Pills\n\nWheat the digestive organs refuse to assimi- lace foed; when the liver Tuers sluggishty; when the kidneys do not properly\n\nperfona their allotted duties, then is the time to wesist nature to restime sound and vigorous health.\n\nby taking\n\nBeecham Pillo\n\nBANKS.\n\nHONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION.\n\nREAD DIVICE, BONCHONG.\n\nkukintoad Capimi,AUR Sentra Futa PAID 2004 NA TUN\n\n£ 4.800.000 STA $2,699AGE Baetzen Dishitty of protons 294,092, INDE\n\nCourier.\n\nWhile,\n\nquer Meas\n\nA. IL Paview, Ena\n\nBANKS.\n\nSOUTH CHINA\n\nCORRESPONDENCE.\n\nTo the Editor, A. C. M. Post.)\n\nTHE CHARTEKKU BANK OF INDIA, AUSTHALIA & CRINA.\n\nJadwiston 50\n\nReserve ad\n\nKRUTAMİ,\n\n£3,000,0\n\n2-lets Chairm\n\n5. An șa tum.\n\nLi W, Barnard, Yu W. 2. Patarajan, bez\n\nWell. Koz\n\nA. K. FRAUFOs,\n\nM Hugkung, 15th April, 1925.\n\nNEDERLANDSCHE HANDEL\n\nMAATSCHAPPL.\n\n|NETHELANDS TRADING SOCISTIJ\n\nBANG.\n\nTetal Hard Ba\n\nLa magar: Eburchak.-G. 8. AL X-\n\nJAMIN DANKERJ;\n\nWestminster back, Imitá.\n\nCarpet county aveone in Lock Guzenar and Planḍ Dayalle spevived for day parë në sherlar evinin in ima) Guzzyner and Racing, Wes which will lie utwerk\n\nBand 19th Mat. 1955.\n\np\n\nHONGKONG SAVINGS BANK\n\nThe\n\nWe obtakt\n\nof the above deple s HiViNGNG AN HANG REMAIN, BANE DOES\n\nINTE SPE dep is culonlated w Bekalana during ja ezoqaletai Qalendar Merin at B34 per cent per si\n\nMeu to orbites on way day in a Moth sweet will in Kined fur that\n\nrepteiten Immander ; their epikoa Rai.üd or dance to the HONGKONG AND MUANGHAI BANK to be lowes\n\nKAKE DEPORT - CURRENT RATES\n\nFor the maing vad skurzovi Kanking Corporatina,\n\nA. BAXLOW\n\nColt Vansa, Fonehengerry, A INTERNATIONAL BANKING\n\nCORPORATION.\n\n(wind 6 the National City Bank st\n\nNew Tor\n\nCapital and Surplva v 52. JALAN, DA\n\nRetryis\n\nAVAD OFFICE\n\n60, Wan Straut. Fo\n\nLONDUS OFFICE\n\nMy Bishnule, Bi 0.\n\nBRANCHES\n\nProvince of Kwangtang, who are! however, Wally tacerning more!\n\npowerless the grip a \"BeF forcas: that this Balthe\n\nMOROCCAN WAR.\n\nENEMY FIRE SILENCED.\n\nMadrid, Aug 24.\n\nร\n\nMORNING POST. WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1925.\n\nBANKS.\n\nRUSSO-ASIATIC BANK.\n\nbest 5,603.30\n\nHOT\n\nBANKS.\n\nTHE MERCANTILE BANK OF INDIA, LIMITED,\n\nCrarecare\n\nKod: BA Stan\n\nAuthored Capim 5,360, m Solestia Cav1.500.co Pript? LED Cut Reserve ... 1,9440,001-\n\nKANCÉES.\n\nShe Bank of Fingland &\n\n& Midland Bach, Lat\n\nBRANCHES\n\nEnta Shuro\n\nAc obieral communique claims.\n\nCapital City yeld]\n\natl\n\nChaikal Pe\n\nKe Chaps Gazerne\n\nRES CFFICE.\n\nParis, Kee Brateur.\n\nLONDON OFFICE\n\nYou\n\nFort Youth (art) BONGKONG BRANCH.\n\ntd, Gid Bread Blease, $9.\n\nKAKIMAS\n\nShamok theini\n\n$ck!\n\nBatavia Gall\n\nBoer\n\ncross me\n\nJoalats.\n\nYut. Gau, Müs, de\n\nGarrin Pan Sauerale egung in recent bombardments.-EU de Gizarte E Fac\n\nFranca\n\nI've Lost Goonw Mede, Angrył 25.--General 'n de Rivers by kina\n\nArcikrod\n\nbeyn\n\nHora'sy Hentyne Bala Tamar navba ¡Calepitas Ilewrah Sciculo Kozár\n\nLindra\n\nFema BUTALOGS\n\nSlagspry Sout\n\n(ft in the coar Ausories\n\nEndrin\n\ntu de Pazia st das Pa\n\nLyn Bern CNTICIALA JOz Zaveck that\n\n1.\n\nSir your bardağ's Leadervist Gorunmeet of Canton, whose inscrporated by Regul Chartuť, 1851. [you any: “We are making and farm is vader the sperme com\n\nLand On: Londo Past op Capland $0.590' must pake a bid for the spopathyjmoud of a Karine Bolshevist that the enomy's fire\n\nof the British public.\" J this Coneret, and on whose military Albucemas was silangad by he Ferien xehera ad General Hancurent Can we hope to arouse and evil staffs there are already tane arrival of the warship! Garment Accennik wegeō and Floed Dawonria ¦ The syimpathy of the Bridiel: uray bug Russians, as declarede It emits that owing Sed ne & rent or shorter rods at pubife by rendre a telegram to ja orkude of this British Colors, the soul means of com- wales wil be quoted on Applic\n\nmunication with the painland No. 30 Dawning Stret? Wil thene ships from or 10 Yongkons Betish public ever hear of it being allowed to ply within any\n\nbeing interrupted through the cest re-haps Shnung a brief of fe wnsers of the Kwant to dairage sustained by the avack,\" it is impossible to ganga paragraph in the London Prest | Province, traton moi haloy permit.\n\nThe telegram is excellent as farted to cryas Ale\n\nAnglo-Chine Renter- AH it goes. Toy it should be barked transler, and not even a up by a direct virosal to the peasant being allowed to British people-a the enthusiasm from Chinese to British territory: tha of the cornug in this alter will that British subjecta are mat per-preparations Reve enable the organisers of\n\nThe mitted to enter the city of Cantonpleted and offensive operations US C Meeting to rese! the cont! Pets that by die viel order of the mould probably be lanched within, Venic #OAGKONG SKUNDE EMASLACAS 19. hapa Exuler's agones mere wouta Goverment ட்: Centon, British ten diss. While isolating tribes Authurted Cavitstallers 1000 dyward it, on the Colay'z boskins are folder to enter tas who said help him, we will operate\n\n212,601 | to the British Press. Con Caeton river that Red\" Trucke 30,000.\n\nthe very borrilary of Ate ei. 66ing through that chased te weglajare roused or the Angka Krin--tavas. GEA acured wide publicity. Frontier and nee, talks firing wiLL\n\ninpurity on B. a police patrels The following anggested tensed on parctos Chinne fathers ram is long, but could be and workmen the British side on thejof the border; that as a reer, of\n\nMeasures că-\n\nPaziti...\n\nTest\n\n..der.com 161,258,335.J\n\nBand On: JESTERDAM. Bester and Ocom-BATAVIA.\n\nBükmat Bardown,bresisted if necessary\n\nhay, flabour, Überikan Ujven-\n\nhar, Diakiskaria, The Haware of experie. W anyone theas and other Rink Mob Davik.\n\nHow who has been hame 10 Meika. P\n\nPenang\n\nBanzo Hoterias, Kanan.\n\nSoerakar (in) Treni, Tijne Joader Bachana Provincial\n\nCadets all was the wazid, PARKING FUSSRAT DE BYREY\n\n..\n\nRECKLESS CYCLIST.\n\nCHINESE WAITER FINED.\n\nA restaurant waiter was lugged i\n\n|_ New York Ta Ying Bauk, Colorati\n\nSexFirenz\n\nBarlin:\n\nOnk\n\nNatom\n\nShangha EVDEN Ing Pektor Mapato 1\n\nJornad\n\nKanchang Yukinama\n\nKatarrat allow on Dress Amanida de Hive Deneth Til\n\norien sebanga no the prizcismi silán\n\nL.. BAINES.\n\nthe world bws/kland an\n\nBalapur\n\n司公理管業實法中\n\nSOCIETE FRANCAISS DE\n\nGERANCE\n\nDE LA BANQUE INDUSTRIELLE DE CHIND\n\nPRONINENT PRUERY, oubt that the Inferomtion as to been brought to a complete stand-i Hhanghai, Singspiere emitthe calony's estabifalme and til and uve 70 Ateamers, of before Mr. E. W. Mumilten. at the present importance is nevessary? wloce 65 are Pritisk, are now ly-Kuwien Mugistry Perlerder\n\nJours, etc.\n\ning e in the liatbear of Bong with riding a bicgete in a reckle I. M. T.\n\nReng; that through the uretismorzar. The defendat picaded Hongkong, 24th August 1925. of the imperial Governeur, salt and was fired 53. Appeal To The People Of Great\n\nwatch to the Chinees mind! Sergeant D. Murphys who effected\n\nBritain\n\nguitles ouly impotence, the hot the rest of the defendant, waredi This mass morting of British our and dignity of Britain have that when ordered to stop at the! residents of the tree Cology alemdy entered a severe selbeck jacion of Nathan and Jordan Red 9. Butler Bar Hongtong appeals to the people throughout And, the extent and Roads, the defendant diselayed the of the Mother County for their scriose of which only the desigual, but after a chase inte Wou- support in the grievous positionjhare will reveal; that this low ng Scient, the defendant wAS which de Colony ha heen to car prestige in Asia is the prevented from proceeding other. placed through the violently and object deiterately aimed as by by a large cerad of people, and was THE DANGLE MUISTURES IN CHIN\n\nKANQUE DE L'INDO-CHINE.\n\nSubscribed lasila. 78,000,000.00 Packets Capital Fra, SCRAIGN Hacer Fend,FM. 81,587,39321\n\nBANGKOK\n\nDBANCE 1\n\nPAPIRŠTE YAOM.PNG PONMOD MARY\n\nMATGON\n\nKAPTAMBANG CANTONG\n\nDJIBOUT\n\nJIHONG\n\nTANDI HUNGSONG VYNONG\n\nJOUMICA\n\nSTANGDAL\n\nSINGAPORE TUNIN\n\nBasket\n\nHersalina\n\nEasons\n\nPek\n\nBoyabay\n\nPluta\n\nGAL\n\nC\n\nItem\n\nFrancia, Cal\n\nC\n\nPrenses du Mamcie\n\nCOU\n\nSt J\n\nIt\n\nSeron la llar\n\nNarbib\n\nSarty Pinga\n\nHUMANEK\n\nShanghet\n\nAnim\n\nSZTUK MENITH\n\nSe Playca best Nasa\n\nBIKIN\n\nin Vega\n\nTari\n\nworld\n\n7000\n\nKeale\n\nfait, lei. Taghangt som\n\nble Tra Tacx hought and sold. Corrent event!\n\nsasti kauk, Kesante spared And Fla Deprale, float and fires musprim saken of zatez, tårt may be verymtaxi se\n\napplies too to the HABEBAS ONE CAS\n\nWest Also ablet the istiyon! City sic lov Brusela\n\nHack of New_York_1\n\nFot palunit treatin Bush Sales and is the War Indes\n\nTOURING\n\nHNANYO\n\nPritish activities of the preseat thin bundreds of Russing Hulthe-janested. Bolshevis Government of Genica, įvlats who are the real mastera of Great Britafa was the first Puwes Canton; that one anges) For anais- to move for the ebulition of ex-ince from the people of Hone. tratoriicial rights la lapan as on the Synperial Governurni soen av at efficient and upright bar mei with so responk, probit\n\nicing had been sethieked is by far the reason that the dete in evenerate attempt to run this Colony with vor compatriots in China, wej which is being made by the Gor\n\nis Paz: Chal Luasie; die doetry, spd. Paris Perkant\n\nLenan\n\nFrost at Yew York\n\nDagŭ Despetta arcondes My\n\nbrain tr\n\nJEBEL. DRUSE.\n\nFRENCH LOSSES EXAGGERATED\n\nParia, Agust 25.\n\nKTARESA.FNP FRANCO.camol\n\nGod is weki. Chataro, Victoria, Bongka\n\nMEAL OFFICE\n\n---\n\nParde, Yo The He Insan\n\nJapHa....... 15,000, 20 B. 10,\n\nPIE. MINDACOS\n\nBANYTIC\n\nFrans: tiste Garcia Bapur Natten\n\nBy Grade Baza de Park vi des Pac Mendon Midland think, Las\n\ndier des Ha\n\nCo\n\nfind trebain\n\nghost be World.\n\nHughing, 224 (ON. YO\n\nA ROLAN\n\nManag\n\nTHE YOKOHAMA SPECIE\n\nut pamercinta ladustain Wema and TrasOwn\" 2,42 kere of 10 Fun The Nation Pretzelal and teci assured that the Gavel eglent crument of Lasten being cur-\n\nUnikan Erd. Conymit\n\nComeening certain formation : Vectron accrapla Path: edit of Great Britain, whose interestsfused with the studion Chira starting that her French insesa uti 1 New Yob F. I. Morrazo. Franch Chine are greater than those of which te best dealt with by the Forfeit Drase totalled 2,000 men, the Antal Berckling Coppo Castany any other Power, wil net sveign Dive, and a handling which papers as that the Winters of! Inset whips Care is and to lock for the lend of any other Britain, for the Grit te in her War has stated that 800 way the. Ewer chettition of mankin am veren, in takits similar hists in Asia. appears to be runter reported by General Sarri: ...... You 180.55.9 steps in China when the Glütere waiter for a led from Pewore and bat in notist been altered bet people having followed the exam with only a treeties of her inter pla of Jepun, pat the house este in Chia and is Aria eder, ander unt make residence therein. uraliy: thug e Gayorwent wil urder Chege laws and adminiz hatun bas lured self inde- traziou, xa este for foreigners a pondeck of the Governmen! la radence in Great Britain! Ching and refuses to recognize and ue Colonies for citizens of the Governmeul at Paking to which\n\nG. RUGC.\n\nHonigst\n\nen's Rool, Central. Homes. Esmary, 1950.\n\nTHE BANK OF EAST ASIA,\n\nLIMITED\n\nBIAD OPTICE\n\nÀ. LINTOT,\n\nYavage\n\nTHE BANK OF TAIWAN, LTD.\n\n(WAYWANGIKKOJ\n\n[ TÙ SPESAL DIPENAL\n\nBAYI İses\n\nvital Emeriled Yes 89.600,000 Duprat (pastato 0.000\n\nNo in De Vong Band. Central Rongeuren enonthe Chinese Republic. Having is Majesty Minelar to Chira\n\nsaid the when the situations accroifted: what this\n\nAuthorized Copirai 19,590, Patil Chap Kew Brad\n\n6,00,000 si\n\nBWAD OFFJEK.\n\n1,040,9sa 94\n\nVRECIDER.\n\nTAMPED, FORMOSA,\n\nBANCU\n\nIto Mr Chow Chow a\n\nFan It Blaire Ceing la\n\ntard\n\nZATORI SPIŅA Tohobar, Kəb Fans Gergely\n\nUnalen,\n\nC: King Ulivu Polos Tur Pr\n\nChan Ching her Wet Yast P\n\nvery dogrtatlan or banking\n\nSAF TITS\n\n*\n\nmasied\n\n04 FUNKE\n\nmonics, Trewall, Token, Aka\n\nColony,\n\nA\n\nExos denuntion Pankica\n\nse pued\n\n(nere bent en Durant Kurapně\n\nwat yer kom on Veils du\n\nmore en than may be\n\n- is\n\nits on wat\n\nQuare'n Boat (m\n\nROSS,\n\nAng nagES. kong. th c r.\n\nTHE RANK OF CANTON, EMITESA\n\nRead Office: Katy Loss.\n\nEstabaired 1912. Authorized Capéta) 51,20ki, Ga Pall, lip Depital 1,078,5Ð\n\nsilver Reserve Fand...$ 700, Forsigo Exchange and Genara Banking business transacted Interest allowed on\n\nSCUBRENT ACCOUNT\n\n2 po a un daily cred helences of over 106.\n\nCOUNTE\n\n4% ADRUM\n\nfor 12 monthe 5 per annu\n\nfur 8\n\non ANTAGE\n\n|GA KOSTER\n\n1.1\n\nX\n\n29\n\nConten, Shanghai, Hankey; Bangkok and New York.\n\nCOR BANZISES\n\nThe Lloyd'a Bank, Limited.\n\nLOOK POONG BHAI Chief ManaTER.\n\nBANK LIMITIE.\n\nBRID OFFICE MO\n\nJOKURANA\n\nwas confirmed by a nominative list.\n\nBatavia wad Ag\n\nEa\n\nBunbury\n\nZonva ¡Battat dzzas kauna\n\nHua Pranshia\n\nCalext\n\nIns Averi\n\nHemang Euba\n\nROBERTSON\n\n1\n\nMila\n\nSECURITY PACT.\n\nNe\n\nDet\n\nASKESTOS PROTECTED\n\nTHE FRENCH REYLY.\n\nip China we would impress where urgent appeal to uskist-\n\nNewhaven, Aug 21, aur people et houne that the pre-jane has aiready been once ignored i The France Ambassador ha sent gericus stare of affairs in by the Iraperal Government.\n\nsas handed to Herr Stresemans the Mature, Menu Pizzo, Skiardino, Thiabu. the British Colony must be un-Tur the past 25 years contributed French reply to the German Chinh anhm. Arg. Penchow, tirely disassociaran om eendi- propavilon of ita anewal re- Security Pact Noto. Tho date of\n\nState, Chaton\n\nBanen, place in China: that this Clotany veree towares crtal military publicstion ne nos yer Farabee Chart, Scubayer Hongkong was ceded to Endod. Xe Turk, alter\n\nLASDAN BANKERS.\n\nthe expenditus, the utiration for fixed-Reut!Y. British\n\nTE CHART London Cornstar Westate and Dart'ssion being confirmed in\n\n1841, the rear 4 amounting to sour that a quarte million dollar;\n\n30\n\nChief MeDoge\n\nBaik\n\nDebrents. 1029\n\nHonda 16 prebrant, tum\n\nTHỂ HỒ HÙNG Hạ lão tin t\n\nALICIT).\n\nCAPITAL:\n\nAuthorised $50,000,050\n\nTil ...\n\nPaid-up... 4,000,000.\n\nReserve Labilities of\n\nShareholders...... 4+0.\n\nSurplus.........\n\n823,000,\n\nBEAD OFFICE--SINGAPORE Branchen, Agencies and Carrespond- ente in the principal cities of\n\nthe world.\n\nKvery description of Racking And, Fxchange business' transacted.\n\n... BANG, Manager.\n\nORIENTAL COMMERCIAL\n\nBANK. LTD.\n\nVELD DEVICE.\n\n18. TWY FREIT ROON CHANCHAL\n\nBILNEGES (--WANGRUR.\n\nUntzenie Wuntraine Hack Sale & New York: Scan City\n\nAharied Capital Man 25. OUR AND Pabi-up Capital 2,090,008\n\nSose haki ini b Current sermouth, Attindi Dasu mirati ka mpy\n\nDRAUM BEAUTI\n\nOvera, barkings opgelatır.\n\nINTEREST. C'event occ 2 AT ive 15%.\n\nElard Devotion, 3 months, k 6 month 4454, wie gest 5%.\n\nKAKE DEPOSIT BOXES FOR PENT.\n\nQUR VAUTTA JAFEGUARDS) BY IDEA CLOCKS AND DOUBLE CAMMINATION ÁRNOUM PIATÉ NIEZŁ NO«YP.\n\nJ. T. LAIM.\n\nKUMBA.\n\nmetres in the Entepony Continent:\n\nDoet\n\nThe Beat bas Credents to rear following year by the Treaty of that during the Great War that beside these to whom they are Busca, M. a. Nanking, under which Rongkong Colver contributed Con, an India, Philippine Trianon, Juga,\n\nFinetry\n\nBeakow\n\nHalo\n\nHer\n\nMentula\n\nKai Zoen\n\nKorechi\n\nOu\n\nPising\n\nRACKVI\n\nlod\n\nSihampcov\n\nKostel\n\nVATE\n\nVindicat\n\nJanka\n\nit and on Correak Attiest Caprasin pacetvel for zxat perce Latatred on sites.\n\nC. AKIMA,\n\nTHE INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL BANK LTD.\n\nSend Mom Vinyl Prodine, Thetar BiME\n\nDRANCWEB:--\n\nLju\n\nthe\n\nat variorum appending in elliees, abups, ard siber Dutch Crulim Forts, lies to be pujsassed to pepetaly\" times over six and a ar million factories and shipyarda iz Ameries, Atring, the\n\nInteress Kaceed on Comment donuts and Great Bring that at that dotars to the importal Govern-Dot Country.\n\nThey are now cali-\n\nTeposts at rates which will be great time Hongkong was but share mans for wat parposes.\n\nIn add-in for support from this Afs-! apple,\n\nBONGKONG BRANCH: L. Dar Views Wal.\n\nZ. YAKAMOTO,\n\nsophuma, Jan. May dogs.\n\nBanger\n\nTHE BANK OF CHINA\n\n行銀國中\n\nGYECIALLY AUTHORIZED BY PRESIDEN\n\nShanghai, Kangat kone. Tergen-Russian Gropeens.ca.\n\nCORRESTENDENTE. IN |--\n\nLiodon, New York, Chence, Bra pretens..\n\nLucia chores of Chien un abroad\n\nAttraction Tale fer\n\n10 years, ... fats, stupore, Fanana,\n\nrocky island, like hundreds to befrian to a special chination of overtunt Crown Colony to their fal- send of the one of Chine, In-blatt tion pendz: that a low-workroen at he hadited by thit a few hundred arge nyentier of the youth of this Brian who can still bear, MO CRzuzet and fishermen thas to-day, after 8 Color male the supena stories with pride the story of our fax rearhouest and impartialis the war, fortified in the hog feng Respire, and to wing the faste Wash British administration, tuls Colony that they wore helping to skew of that Empire is an Sacred is ene of the brightest gear in werin secure against such a charge as is that of the Realmi\n\nthe British Crown; that even in sprang as is now oppressing the of England twk. To all such\n\n2. M.\n\nMETAL ROOFING\n\nBolo Agents :\n\n¡DAVIE, BOAG & CO., LTD\n\nBank of Canton Building.\n\nSamples and fill particular on application.\n\nMASSAGE\n\nMr. SHIMIDZU Mrs. HONDA\n\nA. 34. Wyndham Street.\n\nTelephone Central 4048,\n\nthe year 1880 the Cipverner of the pancenia Chiasse imputation of this urgent appeal in argize THOS. COOK & SON (BANKERS) LTD\n\nColias, contrasting De Sara Cautan and is sriving to sun goes forth from the ueople of rock with a cherinan's but here this Cotry of Hongkong; that, the small but uporisat matpost TRAL MANDATE OF THE REPUBLI. Od tier of 1841 with the cartons of the revisnose of Empire.\n\nColony as it was 8t roars later, the present situation, the people.\n\nCHIKA UN THR JIND DE\n\nNOVEMBER, FEAT.\n\nauthorised Cepita was able to state, in a despatch of this raportat outpost of our\n\nRattan Canika ..... 75,970 200,00\n\nREAD OFFICE: PEKING-\n\nMUSOKONG PRANOR\n\n4. Quera's Road Central,\n\nTranchen and dab-bones all\n\nAt to the Secretary of State for the Empire in Avin are again appeal- Colonive, that may be doubted in to-day to the forperial Gov whethere the evidence of material ferment, through the Prime Min- and woral achierement, presented ister, do take imosciate\n\nand KANAPundar in Faros, Amartas and sthay peste of the wall.\n\nsinstel wind Under Bet E. L\n\nThe Coming Trung Company of New York,\n\nDANKERN: · The Nepal E\n\nchins as it were in a focus, wake up-to put an end to the presout inte.\n\nwhere more Jokeile appeal\n\nlerable and hotelling position, LONDON BAKKERS--The National Pare and inagication and whether und feiting the immediate and\n\nany other apot on the earth complete cessation of the lock-i more likely to excite us more ful-ade, of Hongkong at\n\ninterfs- ly justifies pride in the name case with British trade and with few the all of British abjects to 1541 the population has increased without sulasful interference.\n\nhundred teren in the year carry on their businese freely and\n\nThe Egitle The Company of New York Internet slowed no liberest Acecants and Englismar from a Fixed Langit pa tention.\n\nevery desire of Banking\n\ntransxçied\n\nFirmanied va aproved sequentia.\n\nEpilan for Brookware\n\nTUYER PEL\n\nNEDERLANDSCH INDISCHE HANDELSBANK\n\nExtablished 1869.\n\nPaid-up Capital au Reserve Fund Glds, 78,200,000-£5,517,329.\n\nHEAD OFFICE: AMSTERDAM, CASTERN HEAD OFFICE: BATAVIA, BRANCHES:\n\nSay, Arapenan. Bandoeng. Borbay, Calcutta, Cheribos, Gorostalo. Hongkong, Kobs, Weknear, Medan, Menado, Palembang, PekalongAN, Rotterdam, Semprong, Shanghai, Singepara, Hourabaya,\n\nThe Eagua, Telok Beteng. Tjslatian, Wites rolet.\n\nLONDON REPRESENTATIVE: 8. S. Wright, 37, Old Broad Streek,\n\nLooden, B.. 2\n\nCORRESPONDENTS: LONDON: MIDLAND BANK, LID, ÖVERSEA\" Branox, WESTMINSTER BANK LTA FOIS BRAKCE, N. L. GOTHSCHELS & BAR and SI BANK CORPORATION\n\nNEW YORK: CHASE NATIONAL BANK, YAPMIY Loan & Tuner Co. TRYING BANK-COLOMBIA TRUST CO, GOLMAN, SACHS & Co, New Yoke Taper Co. and all the principal towns of the world,\n\nEVERY DESCRIPTION OF BANKING & EXCHANGE PUSI- NESS TRANSACTED CURRENT ACCOUNTS, DEPOSITS, etc\n\nP. MARKS,\n\nManager.\n\nEXCHANGE.\n\nOPENING QUOTATIONS.\n\nASTON ---\n\nHong, August\n\nBA\n\nTARGETAT-2.16\n\nBasi Baya Bile, at 30 days sight BakDill, at wounthe' sight 2,42 Credita, at 4 monthe night.. 2:5 Frey Hills, at 4\n\nvetoka\" sigh 275;\n\nBank Bille, on depend DE GAY\n\nCredila, ut death right... 1225\n\nI PANELLE\n\nto one milion; that the value of state of way with the Government; the Colony's trade in 1924 was for Casion he destared in exist, 136 mens sterling: that the; and .lbak Procediate stone beY DISTOPET Lorean-going shipping entered the them takes to enforce our Treats N\n\ncleared during the same year rights and to instal as Canton ready Chinese Goverment o tous, of which 12 milion tens\n\n$226\n\nnom\n\nBack Bille, en mend Credits, ut 60 dngu' sight... NA\n\nTraunfos... 1871\n\nOx CalcUTES —\n\nTalegraphis Freester... 1874 Dank, de\n\nBank, at right t Private, at 30 days' sig... .........3403\n\n115\n\nweru Brit, at that the inises fran Rolsbevist flomnication. tonnage of all classes during the makter fe appeal to the your wea nearly $7 millions, Imperial Government Me are) making Dongkong perkaps the taking the opponunda to forward A world's largest slipping partijat the sume tirar this appeal to that el his varé tezde and shit-the people of Great Britain foros ForIAMA 20 pak, sad even the very exisleure their sympathy\n\nOrdonan........ aid suppori. of the talony, hos suddenly been In doing se we wish to protest in Greed.......\n\nON HASA placut in mirene prilby the the rougest possible TERNET STRATOL- present de facte Doisnevist Gov-against the rupaix. of falan lepi...... 19!! ernment of Cantos, which, with hood which the Balcharist GN. ON 6114A -On demand ... 742) the nel of \"Red\" Rasein mili-evamart of Cutton, under the decane.................... tay commanders and Ruselfedtrention of experienced puna. NAIGN-De dewund..... m arins and money, came into power gandista trained in Russia has CasaME :-\n\nCA douazú..\n\n794 by an armed up only three conducted through certain\n\nSUS SOTERSHYA, Bath's boying DOTA H sad to-day abtine of the world's preas. This Bate.................. 3.50 hered by Im vaer unspority of mass meeting to for the most part Cars Usar, 100 fine, per tami........ the people of Canton and the composed of me, who have wosk Bas formas, per otro Fes\n\n- נא אני\n\nBANKING AND EXCHANGE.\n\nCOOK'S TRAVELLERS CHEQUES combine MAXIMUM SAFETY with CONVENIENCE.\n\nA special feature is the precautions taken to ensure the maximum safety possible.\n\nAsk for descriptive booklet at any of our offices.\n\nHead Office:-\n\nLol Address\n\nLUDOATE CIRCES, LONDON. B.C HONGKONG WOTEL BUILDINÓ.\n\nTelegraphin Address:-COUPON.\n\nTelephous: Central 524-525.\n\nTHE HONGKONG DIRECTORY & BLOTTER 1925\n\nThis very useful combination of Directory, Vlary and Desk Blotter, contains a large variety of local fa Jormation: List of Goveranient and Department. Officiats: Firms and Employees; Foreign Residents: Time tables: etc.. etc. A handsome and durable requirement. strongis bound in cloth and excellently printed, it is a weeźul adjunct in the desk In Home arOffice, and will be found of great use in business and social affairs.\n\nNow on Sale, Price $5 at\n\nSouth China Morning Post, Limited.\n\n1. Wyndham Street.\n\nPage 363\n\nPage 363\n\nPage 364\n\nPage 364\n\nPage 365\n\nPage 365", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 512772, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928", "page_number": 117, "title": "CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928", "content_text": "118\n\n4\n\nProtocol. He further stated that he had refused permission to the Nejd tribesmen to erect buildings at the wells of Lina, 30 miles from the border. In a series of messages to the British Consul at Jeddah during February, Ibn Saud explained the difficulty of his position; he did not wish to join the Iraqis and make war on his own subjects, nor did he wish to find himself in conflict with the British Government. He therefore begged the latter to find a solution of his difficulties.\n\nOn 5th March, however, it was reported from Basra that Ibn Saud had issued an address to the leading Sheikhs of the Nejd tribes declaring that he had abandoned hope of converting the infidels of Koweit, Iraq and Transjordania by peaceful means, and now saw that the only way was by the sword. He went on to promise help with rifles, food, and ammunition. Up to the present (9th March) he has given no notice to the British Government of his intention to attack the non-Wahabi Arabs, and it is quite possible that his message to the Sheiks has been inaccurately reported.\n\nSouthern Arabia. On 11th February, news was received that Imam's forces (Zeidis) had kidnapped the Alawi Sheikh and the uncle of the Koheibi Sheikh, both of whom are in treaty relations with the British Government, and whose districts form part of the British protectorate. The Imam had been several times warned that any further acts of aggression on his part would lead to reprisals. Accordingly, after notice had been given, the Zeidi headquarters at Kababa, not far from the scene of the outrage, were bombed on 19th-21st February. Meanwhile, information was received of a separate incursion against the Sheikh of Shaab, who is also under British protection. Instructions were sent (1st March) to bomb the invaders in this area.\n\nThe Italian Government, who are in treaty relations with the Imam, and have on previous occasions exercised a restraining influence upon him, have been informed of the action taken by the British authorities.\n\nTHE BALKANS.\n\nItaly and Austria. The question of the treatment of the German inhabitants of the South Tyrol by the Italian authorities came to the fore again, when the subject was raised in the Austrian Parliament on 23rd February. Replying to a deputy, who declared that the Austro-Germans under Italian rule were worse off than any of those of the minorities that had come into being in any other country, the Chancellor, Dr. Seipel, agreed that it was a matter on which Austria could not remain silent. He stated that he was not interfering in Italian internal affairs, but that as Austria could go to no forum to have her wrongs redressed he asked Italy to take this into consideration, and appealed to an international sense of morality. The Italian Press was stirred to fury by these accusations, which were described\n\n**\n\nas a disgraceful manifestation of hatred against Italy, and a campaign of impudence and falsehood conducted by Austrian responsible circles against the simple application of Italian law in the Italian province of Bolzano. The Giornale d'Italia asked whether the limits of an intervention, now become intolerable, on the part of a foreign State in the internal legislation of the Italian State had not been reached,\" and at the same time seized the opportunity to warn the League of Nations and foreigners in general that they would do well to abstain from trying to interfere. Most of the principal Powers represented at Geneva, it was stated, would be compelled to condemn their own policy as practised in their acquired territories, and people in glass houses should not throw stones.' Incidentally, the same journal, as a reply to criticisms of the Italian regime in the South Tyrol which appeared in an English paper a little time previously, alleged that British rule in Malta was guilty of acts of repression directed against Italian culture, and in support of this imaginative assertion produced a fantastic story that the Naval Commander-in-Chief had directed his dependents to vote for the anti-Italian party at the elections. Following this outcry in the Press the Italian Minister at Vienna was recalled to report in Rome the next day (25th February), and on 3rd March Signor Mussolini delivered a characteristic stand-from-under speech in reply to the Austrian complaints, which he stigmatised as being not only false but \"superlatively ridiculous.” He discoursed at length about the friendship shown on many occasions by Italy for Austria since the war, and stated that hundreds of Germans were still employed in the Government Service in the Upper Adige. He promised, however, that if the insolent speeches, odious insinuations, and vulgar insults were repeated, he would take those very measures of which he was now unjustly accused. \"We are not pupils of Austria,\" he declared, \"which for a whole century peopled the countries of half Europe with executioners, filled prisons with martyrs, and set up gallows indefatigably.” Concluding amid a delirious ovation, he said that if these provocative manifestations against Italy were repeated he would reply with deeds, not words.\" Little comment on this oration has appeared in Vienna, and official circles are somewhat embarrassed by a telegram from the President of the German Reichstag, proclaiming the unfailing loyalty and solidarity of the whole German people with the oppressed Germans of the South Tyrol. One German paper declared that it is becoming evident that Signor Mussolini over-estimates his power, and adds that if he should, with the courage of the vulture towards the sparrow,\" carry out his threats against Austria, he will never kill the spirit of Germanism.\n\n#\n\n\"\n\nHungary. With reference to the \"St. Gotthard Affair,” described in February M.I.R., on 23rd February, Mr. Cheng-Loh, the acting President of the League Council sent a telegram to\n\n(C11851)\n\nB 3\n\n119", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-507-3 China- anti-piracy precautions 31-10-1927 - 25-10-1928.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]