[ { "id": 216747, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843", "page_number": 231, "title": "CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843", "content_text": "\nLIST, \n\n1. Treaty \n\n2. Declaration respecting Transit Duties \n\n3. Tariff of Duties on the Foreign Trade with China \n\n4. General Regulations under which the British Trade is to be conducted at the five Ports of Canton, Amoy, Foochowfoo, Ningpo, and Shanghai \n\nTREATY \n\nBETWEEN \n\nHER MAJESTY \n\nAND \n\nTHE EMPEROR OF CHINA, \n\nSigned, in the English and Chinese Languages, at Nanking, August 29, \n\n1842. \n\nWITH OTHER DOCUMENTS RELATING THERETO. \n\n[Ratifications exchanged at Hong Kong, June 26, 1843.] \n\nHER Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the Emperor of China, being desirous of putting an end to the misunderstandings and consequent hostilities which have arisen between the two countries, have resolved to conclude a Treaty for that purpose, and have therefore named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say:---- \n\nHer Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Sir Henry Pottinger, Bart., a Major-General in the service of the East India Company, &c., &c.; \n\nAnd His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China, the High Commis- sioners Keying, a Member of the Imperial House, a Guardian of the Crown Prince, and General of the garrison of Canton; and Elepoo, of the Imperial Kindred, graciously permitted to wear the insignia of the first rank, and the distinction of a peacock's feather, lately Minister and Governor-General, &c., and now Lieutenant-General commanding at Chapoo ;* \n\nWho, after having communicated to each other their respective Full Powers, and found them to be in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following Articles :- \n\nARTICLE I. \n\nThere shall henceforward be Peace and Friendship between Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and His Majesty the Emperor of China, and between their respective subjects, who shall enjoy full security and protection for their persons and property within the dominions of the other. \n\n* Although only two Chinese Plenipotentiaries are here named, the Treaty was in fact signed by three. \n\nB2 \n", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 216751, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843", "page_number": 235, "title": "CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843", "content_text": "\nT. M. C. C. \n\nT M.. \n\nLong Ells, Cassimeres, \n\nBunting (narrow), per Chang of 141 inches 0 0 \n\nf. C. 1 5 \n\nFlannel, and narrow \n\nUnenumerated Woollen \n\n❤ \n\nCloths of this descrip- tion \n\nper Chang of 141 inches Blankets of all kinds \n\nGoods, or Silk and \n\nWoollen, and Cotton \n\neach \n\nand Woollen Mix- \n\nDutch Camlets, per Chang of 141 inches Camlets Imitation ditto, Bomba- \n\nzettes, &c. \n\ntures, &c. \n\nditto \n\n48 Woollen Yarn \n\n5 per cent. ad valorem. \n\nper 100 catties 3 0 0 0 \n\nditto \n\n[All Articles unenumerated in this Tariff, 5 per cent, ad valorem.] \n\nGENERAL REGULATIONS, under which the British Trade is to be conducted at the Five Ports of Canton, Amoy, Foochowfoo, Ningpo, and Shanghai. \n\n1. Pilots. \n\nWHENEVER a British merchantman shall arrive off any of the five ports opened to trade, viz., Canton, Foochowfoo, Amoy, Ningpo, or Shanghai, pilots shall be allowed to take her immediately into port; and, in like manner, when such British ship shall have settled all legal duties and charges, and is about to return home, pilots shall be immediately granted to take her out to sea, without any stoppage or delay. \n\nRegarding the remuneration to be given these pilots, that will be equitably settled by the British Consul appointed to each particular port, who will determine it with due reference to the distance gone over, the risk run, &c. \n\nII. Custom-house Guards. \n\nThe Chinese Superintendent of Customs at each port will adopt the means that he may judge most proper to prevent the revenue suffering by fraud or smuggling. Whenever the pilot shall have brought any British merchantman into port, the Superintendent of Customs will depute one or two trusty Custom-house officers, whose duty it will be to watch against frauds on the revenue. These will either live in a boat of their own, or stay on board the English ship, as may best suit their convenience. Their food and expenses will be supplied them from day to day from the Custom-house, and they may not exact any fees whatever from either the Commander or Consignee. Should they violate this regulation, they shall be punished porportionately to the amount so exacted. \n\nIII. Musters of Ships reporting themselves on arrival, \n\nWhenever a British vessel shall have cast anchor at any one of the above-mentioned ports, the Captain will, within four and twenty hours after arrival, proceed to the British Consulate, and deposit his ship's papers, bills of lading, manifest, &c., in the hands of the Consul; failing to do which, he will subject himself to a penalty of two hundred dollars. \n\nFor presenting a false manifest, the penalty will be five hundred dollars. \n\nFor breaking bulk and commencing to discharge, before due per- mission shall be obtained, the penalty will be five hundred dollars, and confiscation of the goods so discharged. \n\nThe Consul, having taken possession of the ship's papers, will imme- diately send a written communication to the Superintendent of Customs, specifying the register tonnage of the ship, and the particulars of the cargo she has on board; all of which being done in due form, permission will then be given to discharge, and the duties levied as provided for in the Tariff, \n\nIV. Commercial Dealings between English and Chinese Merchants. \n\nIt having been stipulated that English merchants may trade with whatever native merchants they please,--should any Chinese merchant fraudulently abscond or incur debts which he is unable to discharge, the Chinese authorities, upon complaint being made thereof, will of course do their utmost to bring the offender to justice; it must, however, be distinctly understood, that if the defaulter really cannot be found, or be dead, or bankrupt, and there be not wherewithal to pay, the English merchants may not appeal to the former custom of the Hong Merchants paying for one another, and can no longer expect to have their losses made good to them. \n\nV. Tonnage Dues. \n\nEvery English merchantman, on entering any one of the above-men- tioned five ports, shall pay tonnage-dues at the rate of five mace per register-ton, in full of all charges. The fees formerly levied on entry and departure, of every description, are henceforth abolished. \n\nVI. Import and Export Duties. \n\nGoods, whether imported into, or exported from, any one of the above-mentioned five ports, are henceforward to be taxed according to the Tariff as now fixed and agreed upon, and no further sums are to be levied beyond those which are specified in the Tariff; all duties incurred by an English merchant-vessel, whether on goods imported or exported, or in the shape of tonnage-dues, must first be paid up in full; which done, the Superintendent of Customs will grant a port-clearance, and this being shown to the British Consul, he will thereupon return the ship's papers, and permit the vessel to depart. \n\nVII. Examination of Goods at the Custom-house. \n\nEvery English merchant, having cargo to load or discharge, must give due intimation thereof, and hand particulars of the same to the Consul, who will immediately dispatch a recognized linguist of his own establishment to communicate the particulars to the Superintendent of Customs, that the goods may be duly examined, and neither party sub- jected to loss. The English merchant must also have a properly qualified person on the spot to attend to his interests when his goods are being examined for duty, otherwise, should there be complaints, these cannot be attended to. \n\nRegarding such goods as are subject by the Tariff to an ad valorem duty, if the English merchant cannot agree with the Chinese officer in fixing a value, then each party shall call two or three merchants to look at the goods, and the highest price at which any of these merchants would be willing to purchase, shall be assumed as the value of the goods. \n\nTo fix the tare on any article, such as tea; if the English merchant cannot agree with the Custom-house officer, then each party shall choose so many chests out of every hundred, which being first weighed in gross, shall afterwards be tared, and the average tare upon these chests shall be assumed as the tare upon the whole; and upon this principle shall the tare be fixed upon all other goods in packages. \n\nIf there should still be any disputed points which cannot be settled, the English merchant may appeal to the Consul, who will communicate the particulars of the case to the Superintendent of Customs, that it may be equitably arranged. But the appeal must be made on the same day, or it will not be regarded. While such points are still open, the Super- \n\nC 2 \n\n", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 216754, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843", "page_number": 238, "title": "CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843", "content_text": "SUPPLEMENTARY TREATY \n\nBETWEEN \n\nHER MAJESTY \n\nAND \n\nTHE EMPEROR OF CHINA, \n\nSigned at Hoomun-Chae, October 8, 1843. \n\nWITH OTHER DOCUMENTS RELATING THERETO. \n\nWHEREAS a Treaty of perpetual Peace and Friendship between Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the Emperor of China, was concluded at Nanking, and signed on board Her said Majesty's ship \"Cornwallis\" on the 29th day of August, A. D. 1842, corresponding with the Chinese date of the 24th day of the 7th month, of the 22nd year of Taoukwang, of which said Treaty of perpetual Peace and Friendship, the Ratifications, under the respective Seals and Signs Manual of the Queen of Great Britain, &c., and the Emperor of China, were duly exchanged at Hong-Kong on the 26th day of June, A. D. 1843, corresponding with the Chi- nese date the 29th day of the fifth month, in the 23rd year of Taoukwang; and whereas in the said Treaty it was provided (amongst other things), that the five ports of Canton, Foochowfoo, Amoy, Ningpo, and Shanghai, should be thrown open for the resort and residence of British merchants, and that a fair and regular Tariff of Export and Import duties, and other dues, should be esta- blished at such ports; and whereas various other matters of detail, connected with, and bearing relation to the said Treaty of perpetual Peace and Friendship, have been since under the mutual discussion and consideration of the Plenipoten- tiary and accredited Commissioners of the High Contracting Parties; and the said Tariff and details having been now finally examined into, adjusted, and agreed upon, it has been determined to arrange and record them in the form of a Sup- plementary Treaty of Articles, which Articles shall be held to be as binding, and of the same efficacy, as though they had been inserted in the original Treaty of perpetual Peace and Friendship. \n\nARTICLE I. \n\nThe Tariff of Export and Import duties, which is hereunto attached under the seals and signatures of the respective Plenipotentiary and Commissioners, shall henceforward be in force at the five ports of Canton, Foochowfoo, Amoy, Ning- po, and Shanghai. \n\nARTICLE II. \n\nThe General Regulations of Trade, which are hereunto attached under the seals and signatures of the respective Plenipotentiary and Commissioners, shall henceforward be in force at the five aforenamed ports. \n\nARTICLE III. \n\nAll penalties enforced or confiscations made under the third clause of the said General Regulations of Trade, shall belong and be appropriated to the public service of the Government of China. \n\nB 2 \n\nPat", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 216756, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843", "page_number": 240, "title": "CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843", "content_text": "\n\nARTICLE XIII. \n\nAll persons, whether natives of China or otherwise, who may wish to convey goods from any one of the five ports of Canton, Foochowfoo, Amoy, Ningpo, and Shanghai, to Hong-Kong, for sale or consumption, shall be at full and perfect liberty to do so, on paying the duties on such goods, and obtaining a pass, or port clearance, from the Chinese Custom-house at one of the said ports. Should natives of China wish to repair to Hong-Kong to purchase goods, they shall have free and full permission to do so; and should they require a Chinese vessel to carry away their purchases, they must obtain a pass, or port-clearance, for her at the Custom-house of the port whence the vessel may sail for Hong-Kong. It is further settled, that in all cases these passes are to be returned to the officers of the Chinese Government, as soon as the trip for which they may be granted shall be completed. \n\nARTICLE XIV. \n\nAn English officer will be appointed at Hong-Kong, one part of whose duty will be to examine the registers and passes of all Chinese vessels that may repair to that port to buy or sell goods; and should such officer at any time find that any Chinese merchant-vessel has not a pass, or register, from one of the five ports, she is to be considered as an unauthorized or smuggling vessel, and is not to be allowed to trade, whilst a report of the circumstance is to be made to the Chinese Authorities. By this arrangement, it is to be hoped that piracy and illegal traffic will be effectually prevented. \n\nARTICLE XV. \n\nShould natives of China who may repair to Hong-Kong to trade, incur debts there, the recovery of such debts must be arranged for by the English Courts of Justice on the spot; but if the Chinese debtor shall abscond and be known to have property, real or personal, within the Chinese territory, the rule laid down in the fourth clause of the General Regulations for Trade shall be applied to the case; and it will be the duty of the Chinese Authorities, on appli- cation by, and in concert with, the British Consuls, to do their utmost to see justice done between the parties. On the same principle, should a British merchant incur debts at any of the five ports, and fly to Hong-Kong, the British Authorities will, on receiving an application from the Chinese Govern- ment officers, accompanied by statements and full proofs of the debts, institute an investigation into the claims, and, when established, oblige the defaulter or debtor to settle them to the utmost of his means. \n\nARTICLE XVI. \n\nIt is agreed, that the Custom-house officers at the five ports shall make a monthly return to Canton, of the passes granted to vessels proceeding to Hong- Kong, together with the nature of their cargoes; and a copy of these returns will be embodied in one return, and communicated once a-month to the proper English officer at Hong-Kong. The said English officer will, on his part, make a similar return or communication to the Chinese Authorities at Canton, showing the names of Chinese vessels arrived at Hong-Kong, or departed from that port, with the nature of their cargoes; and the Canton Authorities will apprize the Custom-houses at the five ports, in order that, by these arrange- ments and precautions, all clandestine and illegal trade, under the cover of passes, may be averted. \n\nXVII, OR ADDITIONAL ARTICLE. \n\nRelating to British Small Craft. \n\nVarious small vessels belonging to the English nation, called schooners, cutters, lorchas, &c., &c., have not hitherto been chargeable with tonnage dues. \n\nIt is now agreed, in relation to this class of vessels which ply between Hong-Kong and the city, and the city and Macao, that if they only carry passengers, letters, and baggage, they shall, as heretofore, pay no tonnage dues; but if these small craft carry any dutiable articles, no matter how small the quantity may be, they ought, in principle, to pay their full tonnage dues. But this class of small craft are not like the large ships which are engaged in foreign trade; they are con- stantly coming and going; they make several trips a month, and are not like the large foreign ships, which, on entering the port, cast anchor at Whampoa. If we were to place them on the same footing as the large foreign ships, the charge would fall unequally; therefore after this, the smallest of these craft shall be rated at 75 tons, and the largest not to exceed 150 tons; whenever they enter the port (or leave the port with cargo) they shall pay tonnage dues at the rate of one mace per tou register. If not so large as 75 tons, they shall still be considered and charged as of 75 tons; and if they exceed 150 tons, they shall be considered as large foreign ships, and, like them, charged tonnage dues, at the rate of five mace per register ton. Foochow and the other ports having noue of this kind of intercourse, and none of this kind of small craft, it would be unnecessary to make any arrangement as regards them. \n\nThe following are the rules by which they are to be regulated :- 1st. Every British schooner, cutter, lorcha, &c., shall have a sailing letter or register in Chinese and English, under the seal and signature of the Chief Superintendent of Trade, describing her appearance, burthen, &c., &c. \n\n2nd. Every schooner, lorcha, and such vessel, shall report herself, as large vessels are required to do, at the Bocca Tigris; and when she carries cargo, she shall also report herself at Whampoa, and shall, on reaching Canton, deliver up her sailing letter or register to the British Consul, who will obtain permission from the Hoppo for her to discharge her cargo, which she is not to do without such permission, under the forfeiture of the penalties laid down in the 3rd clause of the General Regulations of Trade. \n\n3rd. When the inward cargo is discharged, and an outward one (if in- tended) taken on board, and the duties on both arranged and paid, the Consul will restore the register or sailing letter, and allow the vessel to depart. \n\nThis Supplementary Treaty, to be attached to the original Treaty of Peace, consisting of sixteen Articles, and one additional Article relating to small vessels, is now written out, forming, with its accompaniments, four pamphlets, and is formally signed aud sealed by their Excellencies the British Plenipo- tentiary, and the Chinese Imperial Commissioner, who, in the first instance, take two copies each, and exchange them, that their provisions may be immediately carried into effect. At the same time, each of these high functionaries, having taken his two copies, shall duly memorialize the Sovereign of his nation; but the two countries are differently situated as respects distance, so that the will of the one Sovereign can be known sooner than the will of the other. It is now therefore agreed, that on receiving the gracious Assent of the Emperor in the Vermilion Pencil, the Imperial Commissioner will deliver the very document containing it into the hands of his Excellency Hwang, Judge of Canton, who will proceed to such place as the Plenipotentiary may appoint, and deliver it to the English Plenipotentiary, to have and to hold. Afterwards, the Sign Manual of the Sovereign of England having been received at Hong-Kong, likewise gra ciously assenting to and confirming the Treaty, the English Plenipotentiary will despatch a specially appointed officer to Canton, who will deliver the copy con- taining the Royal Sign Manual to his Excellency Hwang, who will forward it to the Imperial Commissioner, as a rule and a guide to both nations for ever, and as a solemn confirmation of our Peace and Friendship. \n\nA most important Supplementary Treaty. \n\nSigned and scaled at Hoomun-Chae, on the Eighth day of October, 1843, corresponding with the Chinese date of the Fifteenth day of the Eighth moon, of the 23rd year of Taoukwang. \n\n(L.S.) \n\nHENRY POTTINGER. \n\nSeal and Signature of the \n\nChinese Plenipotentiary, \n\nPußers \n\nPage 240Page 241", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-001 - Sir Hug Cough-s China Military Correspondences - 1841-1843.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 219621, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844", "page_number": 81, "title": "CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844", "content_text": "LIST, \n\n{ \n\n1. Treaty \n\n2. Declaration respecting Transit Duties \n\n3. Tariff of Duties on the Foreign Trade with China \n\n4. General Regulations under which the British Trade is to be conducted at the \n\nfive Ports of Canton, Amoy, Foochowfoo, Ningpo, and Shanghai \n\nTREATY \n\nBETWEEN \n\nHER MAJESTY \n\nAND \n\nTHE EMPEROR OF CHINA, \n\nSigned, in the English and Chinese Languages, at Nanking, August 29, 1842. \n\nWITH OTHER DOCUMENTS RELATING THERETO. \n\n[Ratifications exchanged at Hong Kong, June 26, 1843.] \n\nHER Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the Emperor of China, being desirous of putting an end to the misunderstandings and consequent hostilities which have arisen between the two countries, have resolved to conclude a Treaty for that purpose, and have therefore named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say \n\nHer Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Sir Henry Pottinger, Bart., a Major-General in the service of the East India Company, &c., &c.; \n\nAnd His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China, the High Commis- sioners Keying, a Member of the Imperial House, a Guardian of the Crown Prince, and General of the garrison of Canton; and Elepoo, of the Imperial Kindred, graciously permitted to wear the insignia of the first rank, and the distinction of a peacock's feather, lately Minister and Governor-General, &c., and now Lieutenant-General commanding at Chapoo ;* \n\nWho, after having communicated to each other their respective Full Powers, and found them to be in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following Articles:— \n\nARTICLE I. \n\nThere shall henceforward be Peace and Friendship between Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and His Majesty the Emperor of China, and between their respective subjects, who shall enjoy full security and protection for their persons and property within the dominions of the other. \n\n喾 \n\nAlthough only two Chinese Plenipotentiaries are here named, the Treaty was in fact signed by three. \n\nB 2 \n", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 219622, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844", "page_number": 82, "title": "CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844", "content_text": "\nARTICLE II. \n\nHis Majesty the Emperor of China agrees, that British subjects, with their families and establishments, shall be allowed to reside, for the purpose of carrying on their mercantile pursuits, without molestation or restraint, at the cities and towns of Canton, Amoy, Foochowfoo, Ningpo, and Shanghai; and Iler Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, &c., will appoint Superintendents, or Consular Officers, to reside at each of the above-named cities or towns, to be the medium of communication between the Chinese authorities and the said merchants, and to see that the just duties and other dues of the Chinese Government, as hereafter provided for, are duly discharged by Her Britannick Majesty's subjects. \n\nARTICLE III. \n\nIt being obviously necessary and desirable that British subjects should have some port whereat they may careen and refit their ships when required, and keep stores for that purpose, His Majesty the Emperor of China cedes to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, &c., the Island of Hong-Kong, to be possessed in perpetuity by Her Britannick Majesty, her Heirs and Successors, and to be governed by such laws and regulations as Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, &c., shall see fit to direct. \n\nARTICLE IV. \n\nThe Emperor of China agrees to pay the sum of six millions of dollars, as the value of the opium which was delivered up at Canton in the month of March, 1839, as a ransom for the lives of Her Britannick Majesty's Superintendent and subjects, who had been imprisoned and threatened with death by the Chinese High Officers. \n\nARTICLE V. \n\nThe Government of China having compelled the British merchants trading at Canton to deal exclusively with certain Chinese merchants, called Hong Merchants (or Co-Hong), who had been licensed by the Chinese Government for that purpose, the Emperor of China agrees to abolish that practice in future at all ports where British merchants may reside, and to permit them to carry on their mercantile transactions with whatever persons they please; and His Imperial Majesty further agrees to pay to the British Government the sum of three millions of dollars, on account of debts due to British subjects by some of the said Hong Merchants, or Co-Hong, who have become insolvent, and who owe very large sums of money to subjects of Her Britannick Majesty. \n\nARTICLE VI. \n\nThe Government of Her Britannick Majesty having been obliged to send out an expedition to demand and obtain redress for the violent and unjust proceedings of the Chinese High Authorities towards Her Britan- nick Majesty's Officer and subjects, the Emperor of China agrees to pay the sum of twelve millions of dollars, on account of the expences incurred; and Her Britannick Majesty's Plenipotentiary voluntarily agrees, on behalf of Her Majesty, to deduct from the said amount of twelve millions of dollars, any sums which may have been received by Her Majesty's combined forces, as ransom for cities and towns in China, subsequent to the 1st day of August, 1841. \n\nARTICLE VII. \n\nIt is agreed, that the total amount of twenty-one millions of dollars, described in the three preceding Articles, shall be paid as follows:— \n\nSix millions immediately. \n\nSix millions in 1843; that is, three millions on or before the 30th of the month of June, and three millions on or before the 31st of December. \n\nFive millions in 1844; that is, two millions and a half on or before the 30th of June, and two millions and a half on or before the 31st of December. \n\nFour millions in 1845; that is, two millions on or before the 30th of June, and two millions on or before the 31st of December. \n\nAnd it is further stipulated, that interest, at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum, shall be paid by the Government of China on any portion of the above sums that are not punctually discharged at the periods fixed. \n\nARTICLE VIII. \n\nThe Emperor of China agrees to release, unconditionally, all subjects of Her Britannick Majesty (whether natives of Europe or India), who may be in confinement at this moment in any part of the Chinese Empire. \n\nARTICLE IX. \n\nThe Emperor of China agrees to publish and promulgate, under His Imperial Sign Manual and Seal, a full and entire amnesty and act of indemnity to all subjects of China, on account of their having resided under, or having had dealings and intercourse with, or having entered the service of, Her Britannick Majesty, or of Her Majesty's officers; and His Imperial Majesty further engages to release all Chinese subjects who may be at this moment in confinement for similar reasons. \n\nARTICLE X. \n\nHis Majesty the Emperor of China agrees to establish at all the ports which are, by the Second Article of this Treaty, to be thrown open for the resort of British merchants, a fair and regular Tariff of export and import customs and other dues, which Tariff shall be publickly notified and pro- mulgated for general information; and the Emperor further engages, that when British merchandize shall have once paid at any of the said ports the regulated customs and dues, agreeable to the Tariff to be here- after fixed, such merchandize may be conveyed by Chinese merchants to any province or city in the interior of the Empire of China, on paying a further amount as transit duties, which shall not exceed* \n\nthe tariff value of such goods. \n\nARTICLE XI. \n\nper cent. on \n\nIt is agreed that Her Britannick Majesty's Chief High Officer in China shall correspond with the Chinese High Officers, both at the Capital and \n\nin the Provinces, under the term \"communication\" 照 ; the subordinate British Officers and Chinese High Officers in the Provinces, \n\nunder the terms \"statement\" \n\non the part of the former, \n\n'PIR \n\n* See Declaration on this subject, which follows the Treaty. \n\n", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 219625, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844", "page_number": 85, "title": "CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844", "content_text": "\nT. M. C. c. \n\nT. M. C. C. \n\nBunting (narrow), per Chang of 141 inches 0 0 1 5 Unenumerated Woollen \n\nGoods, or Silk and Woollen, and Cotton \n\nand Woollen Mix- \n\nLoug Ells, Cassimeres, \n\nFlannel, and narrow \n\nCloths of this descrip- \n\ntion Blankets of all kinds \n\n0 per Chang of 141 inches \n\neach \n\ntures, &c. \n\nCamlets . \n\nditto \n\n48 Woollen Yarn \n\nImitation ditto, Bomba- \n\nzettes, &c. \n\nditto \n\nΟ 3 5 \n\nDutch Camlets, per Chang of 141 inches \n\n[All Articles unenumerated in this Tariff, 5 per cent, ad valorem.] \n\n5 per cent. ad valorem. per 100 catties 3000 \n\nGENERAL REGULATIONS, under which the British Trade is to be conducted at the Five Ports of Canton, Amoy, Foochowfoo, Ningpo, and Shanghai. \n\nI. Pilots. \n\nWHENEVER a British merchantman shall arrive off any of the five ports opened to trade, viz., Canton, Foochowfoo, Amoy, Ningpo, or Shanghai, pilots shall be allowed to take her immediately into port; and, in like manner, when such British ship shall have settled all legal duties and charges, and is about to return home, pilots shall be immediately granted to take her out to sea, without any stoppage or delay. \n\nRegarding the remuneration to be given these pilots, that will be equitably settled by the British Consul appointed to each particular port, who will determine it with due reference to the distance gone over, the risk run, &c. \n\nII. Custom-house Guards. \n\nThe Chinese Superintendent of Customs at each port will adopt the means that he may judge most proper to prevent the revenue suffering by fraud or smuggling. Whenever the pilot shall have brought any British merchantman into port, the Superintendent of Customs will depute one or two trusty Custom-house officers, whose duty it will be to watch against frauds on the revenue. These will either live in a boat of their own, or stay on board the English ship, as may best suit their convenience. Their food and expenses will be supplied them from day to day from the Custom-house, and they may not exact any fees whatever from either the Commander or Consignee. Should they violate this regulation, they shall be punished porportionately to the amount so exacted. \n\nHII. Masters of Ships reporting themselves on arrival. \n\nWhenever a British vessel shall have cast anchor at any one of the above-mentioned ports, the Captain will, within four and twenty hours after arrival, proceed to the British Consulate, and deposit his ship's papers, bills of lading, manifest, &c., in the hands of the Consul; failing to do which, he will subject himself to a penalty of two hundred dollars. \n\nFor presenting a false manifest, the penalty will be five hundred dollars. \n\nFor breaking bulk and commencing to discharge, before due per- mission shall be obtained, the penalty will be five hundred dollars, and confiscation of the goods so discharged. \n\nThe Consul, having taken possession of the ship's papers, will imme- diately send a written communication to the Superintendent of Customs, specifying the register tonnage of the ship, and the particulars of the cargo she has on board; all of which being done in due form, permission will then be given to discharge, and the duties levied as provided for in the Tariff, \n\nIV. Commercial Dealings between English and Chinese Merchants. \n\nIt having been stipulated that English merchants may trade with whatever native merchants they please,-should any Chinese merchant fraudulently abscond or incur debts which he is unable to discharge, the Chinese authorities, upon complaint being made thereof, will of course do their utmost to bring the offender to justice; it must, however, be distinctly understood, that if the defaulter really cannot be found, or be dead, or bankrupt, and there be not wherewithal to pay, the English merchants may not appeal to the former custom of the Hong Merchants paying for one another, and can no longer expect to have their losses made good to them. \n\nV. Tonnage Dues, \n\nEvery English merchantman, on entering any one of the above-men- tioned five ports, shall pay tonnage-dues at the rate of five mace per register-ton, in full of all charges. The fees formerly levied on entry and departure, of every description, are henceforth abolished. \n\nVI. Import and Export Duties. \n\nGoods, whether imported into, or exported from, any one of the above-mentioned five ports, are henceforward to be taxed according to the Tariff as now fixed and agreed upon, and no further sums are to be levied beyond those which are specified in the Tariff; all duties incurred by an English merchant-vessel, whether on goods imported or exported, or in the shape of tonnage-dues, must first be paid up in full; which done, the Superintendent of Customs will grant a port-clearance, and this being shown to the British Consul, he will thereupon return the ship's papers, and permit the vessel to depart, \n\nVII. Examination of Goods at the Custom-house. \n\nEvery English merchant, having cargo to load or discharge, must give due intimation thereof, and hand particulars of the same to the Consul, who will immediately dispatch a recognized linguist of his own establishment to communicate the particulars to the Superintendent of Customs, that the goods may be duly examined, and neither party sub- jected to loss. The English merchant must also have a properly qualified person on the spot to attend to his interests when his goods are being examined for duty, otherwise, should there be complaints, these cannot be attended to. \n\nRegarding such goods as are subject by the Tariff to an ad valorem duty, if the English merchant cannot agree with the Chinese officer in fixing a value, then each party shall call two or three merchants to look at the goods, and the highest price at which any of these merchants would be willing to purchase, shall be assumed as the value of the goods. \n\nTo fix the tare on any article, such as tea; if the English merchant cannot agree with the Custom-house officer, then each party shall choose so many chests out of every hundred, which being first weighed in gross, shall afterwards be tared, and the average tare upon these chests shall be assumed as the tare upon the whole; and upon this principle shall the tare be fixed upon all other goods in packages. \n\nIf there should still be any disputed points which cannot be settled, the English merchant may appeal to the Consul, who will communicate the particulars of the case to the Superintendent of Customs, that it may be equitably arranged. But the appeal must be made on the same day, or it will not be regarded. While such points are still open, the Super- \n\nC 2 \n\n", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 219628, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844", "page_number": 88, "title": "CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844", "content_text": "\n\nSUPPLEMENTARY TREATY \n\nBETWEEN \n\nHER MAJESTY \n\nAND \n\nTHE EMPEROR OF CHINA, \n\nSigned at Hoomun-Chae, October 8, 1843. \n\nWITH OTHER DOCUMENTS RELATING THERETO. \n\nWHEREAS a Treaty of perpetual Peace and Friendship between Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the Emperor of China, was concluded at Nanking, and signed on board Her said Majesty's ship \"Cornwallis\" on the 29th day of August, A. D. 1842, corresponding with the Chinese date of the 24th day of the 7th month, of the 22nd year of Taoukwang, of which said Treaty of perpetual Peace and Friendship, the Ratifications, under the respective Seals and Signs Manual of the Queen of Great Britain, &c., and the Emperor of China, were duly exchanged at Hong-Kong on the 26th day of June, A. D. 1843, corresponding with the Chi- nese date the 29th day of the fifth month, in the 23rd year of Taoukwang; and whereas in the said Treaty it was provided (amongst other things), that the five ports of Canton, Foochowfoo, Amoy, Ningpo, and Shanghai, should be thrown open for the resort and residence of British merchants, and that a fair and regular Tariff of Export and Import duties, and other dues, should be esta- blished at such ports; and whereas various other matters of detail, connected with, and bearing relation to the said Treaty of perpetual Peace and Friendship, have been since under the mutual discussion and consideration of the Plenipoten- tiary and accredited Commissioners of the High Contracting Parties; and the said Tariff and details having been now finally examined into, adjusted, and agreed upon, it has been determined to arrange and record them in the form of a Sup- plementary Treaty of Articles, which Articles shall be held to be as binding, and of the same efficacy, as though they had been inserted in the original Treaty of perpetual Peace and Friendship. \n\nARTICLE I. \n\nThe Tariff of Export and Import duties, which is hereunto attached under the scals and signatures of the respective Plenipotentiary and Commissioners, shall henceforward be in force at the five ports of Canton, Foochowfoo, Amoy, Ning- po, and Shanghai. \n\nARTICLE II. \n\nThe General Regulations of Trade, which are hereunto attached under the seals and signatures of the respective Plenipotentiary and Commissioners, shall henceforward be in force at the five aforenamed ports, \n\nARTICLE III. \n\nAll penalties enforced or confiscations made under the third clause of the said General Regulations of Trade, shall belong and be appropriated to the public service of the Government of China. \n\nB 2 \n", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 219630, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844", "page_number": 90, "title": "CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844", "content_text": "\nARTICLE XIII. \n\nAll \n\nwhether natives of China or otherwise, who may wish to convey persons, goods from any one of the five ports of Canton, Foochowfoo, Amoy, Ningpo, and Shanghai, to Hong-Kong, for sale or consumption, shall be at full and perfect liberty to do so, on paying the duties on such goods, and obtaining a pass, or port clearance, from the Chinese Custom-house at one of the said ports. Should natives of China wish to repair to Hong-Kong to purchase goods, they shall have free and full permission to do so; and should they require a Chinese vessel to carry away their purchases, they must obtain a pass, or port-clearance, for her at the Custom-house of the port whence the vessel may sail for Hong-Kong. It is further settled, that in all cases these passes are to be returned to the officers of the Chinese Government, as soon as the trip for which they may be granted shall be completed. \n\nARTICLE XIV. \n\nAn English officer will be appointed at Hong-Kong, one part of whose duty will be to examine the registers and passes of all Chinese vessels that may repair to that port to buy or sell goods; and should such officer at any time find that any Chinese merchant-vessel has not a pass, or register, from one of the five ports, she is to be considered as an unauthorized or smuggling vessel, and is not to be allowed to trade, whilst a report of the circumstance is to be made to the Chinese Authorities. By this arrangement, it is to be hoped that piracy and illegal traffic will be effectually prevented. \n\nARTICLE XV. \n\nShould natives of China who may repair to Hong-Kong to trade, incur debts there, the recovery of such debts must be arranged for by the English Courts of Justice on the spot; but if the Chinese debtor shall abscond and be known to have property, real or personal, within the Chinese territory, the rule laid down in the fourth clause of the General Regulations for Trade shall be applied to the case; and it will be the duty of the Chinese Authorities, on appli- cation by, and in concert with, the British Consuls, to do their utmost to see justice done between the parties. On the same principle, should a British inerchant incur debts at any of the five ports, and fly to Hong-Kong, the British Authorities will, on receiving an application from the Chinese Govern ment officers, accompanied by statements and full proofs of the debts, institute an investigation into the claims, and, when established, oblige the defaulter or debtor to settle them to the utmost of his means. \n\nARTICLE XVI. \n\nIt is agreed, that the Custom-house officers at the five ports shall make a monthly return to Canton, of the passes granted to vessels proceeding to Hong- Kong, together with the nature of their cargoes; and a copy of these returns will be embodied in one return, and communicated once a-month to the proper English officer at Hong-Kong. The said English officer will, on his part, make a similar return or communication to the Chinese Authorities at Canton, showing the names of Chinese vessels arrived at Hong-Kong, or departed from that port, with the nature of their cargoes; and the Canton Authorities will apprize the Custom-houses at the five ports, in order that, by these arrange- ments and precautions, all clandestine and illegal trade, under the cover of passes, may be averted. \n\nXVII, OR ADDITIONAL ARTICLE. \n\nRelating to British Small Craft. \n\nVarious small vessels belonging to the English nation, called schooners, cutters, lorchas, &c., &c., have not hitherto been chargeable with tonnage dues. \n\ni \n\nIt is now agreed, in relation to this class of vessels which ply between Hong-Kong and the city, and the city and Macao, that if they only carry passengers, letters, and baggage, they shall, as heretofore, pay no tonnage dues; but if these small craft carry any dutiable articles, no matter how small the quantity may be, they ought, in principle, to pay their full tonnage dues. But this class of small craft are not like the large ships which are engaged in foreign trade; they are con- stantly coming and going; they make several trips a month, and are not like the large foreign ships, which, on entering the port, cast anchor at Whampoa. If we were to place them on the same footing as the large foreign ships, the charge would fall unequally; therefore after this, the smallest of these craft shall be rated at 75 tons, and the largest not to exceed 150 tons; whenever they enter the port (or leave the port with cargo) they shall pay tonnage dues at the rate of one mace per ton register. If not so large as 75 tons, they shall still be considered and charged as of 75 tons; and if they exceed 150 tons, they shall be considered as large foreign ships, and, like them, charged tonnage dues, at the rate of five mace per register tou. Foochow and the other ports having none of this kind of intercourse, and none of this kind of small craft, it would be unnecessary to make any arrangement as regards them. \n\nThe following are the rules by which they are to be regulated: 1st. Every British schooner, cutter, Jorcha, &c., shall have a sailing letter or register in Chinese and English, under the seal and signature of the Chief Superintendent of Trade, describing her appearance, burthen, &c., &c. \n\nup \n\n2nd. Every schooner, Iorcha, and such vessel, shall report herself, as large vessels are required to do, at the Bocca Tigris; and when she carries cargo, she shall also report herself at Whampoa, and shall, on reaching Canton, deliver her sailing letter or register to the British Consul, who will obtain permission from the Hoppo for her to discharge her cargo, which she is not to do without such permission, under the forfeiture of the penalties laid down in the 3rd clause of the General Regulations of Trade. \n\n3rd. When the inward cargo is discharged, and an outward one (if in- tended) taken on board, and the duties on both arranged and paid, the Consul will restore the register or sailing letter, and allow the vessel to depart. \n\nThis Supplementary Treaty, to be attached to the original Treaty of Peace, consisting of sixteen Articles, and one additional Article relating to small vessels, is now written out, forming, with its accompaniments, four pamphlets, and is formally signed aud sealed by their Excellencies the British Plenipo tentiary, and the Chinese Imperial Commissioner, who, in the first instance, take two copies each, and exchange them, that their provisions may be immediately carried into effect. At the same time, each of these high functionaries, having taken his two copies, shall duly memorialize the Sovereign of his nation; but the two countries are differently situated as respects distance, so that the will of the one Sovereign can be known sooner than the will of the other. It is now therefore agreed, that on receiving the gracious Assent of the Emperor in the Vermilion Pencil, the Imperial Commissioner will deliver the very document containing it into the hands of his Excellency IIwang, Judge of Canton, who will proceed to such place as the Plenipotentiary may appoint, and deliver it to the English Plenipotentiary, to have and to hold. Afterwards, the Sign Manual of the Sovereign of England having been received at Hong-Kong, likewise ciously assenting to and confirming the Treaty, the English Plenipotentiary will despatch a specially appointed officer to Canton, who will deliver the copy con- taining the Royal Sign Manual to his Excellency Hwang, who will forward it to the Imperial Commissioner, as a rule and a guide to both nations for ever, and as a solemn confirmation of our Peace and Friendship. \n\nA most important Supplementary Treaty. \n\ngra- \n\nSigned and sealed at Hoomun-Chae, on the Eighth day of October, 1843, corresponding with the Chinese date of the Fifteenth day of the Eighth moon, of the 23rd year of Taoukwang, \n\n(L.S.) \n\nHENRY POTTINGER. \n\nSeal and Signature of the \n\nChinese Plenipotentiary. \n\nPage 90Page 91", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-008 - Foreign Office - 1844.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 221253, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-011 - Sir John Davis - 1845 [1-4]", "page_number": 56, "title": "CO129-011 - Sir John Davis - 1845 [1-4]", "content_text": "Consuls. In Canton British subjects cannot yet enter the City, though (by our records) Your Excellency informed Sir Henry Pottinger, that a time would shortly arrive when they might do so. At Foochowfoo, the local authorities now endeavour to prevent Her Majesty's Consul from living in the City ! This is not only derogatory to those officers, but also contrary to the treaty, and therefore improper.\n\nThe subjects of China have free permission to enter Her Majesty's Dominions both at home and abroad, without restriction, England, having no fear of foreign intercourse, treats foreigners and subjects alike, \"on condition of their all obeying the same Laws-Except on this condition, such generous and liberal treatment would be impossible. With many wishes for Your Excellency's continued prosperity.\n\nI have … (Signed) J. J. Davis\n\n1 true copy/extract Mr. A. Bruce\n\nPage 55", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-011 - Sir John Davis - 1845 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 222971, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-015 - Others - 1845", "page_number": 180, "title": "CO129-015 - Others - 1845", "content_text": "# Section \n\nSqnopsis of Commercial Report on \n\n179 \n\nChinas. \n\nI Physical geography of blind tof its Dependences, \n\ninternal and maritive, \n\nII Government general & local, municipalities revenues expenditure currency banking system of c\n\nIII. Population, provincials area, density, comigration rates of wages, provisions, clothing &e\n\nIV. Agriculturals & Minerals products, fisheries. \n\nmanufactures fo \n\nV. Internal & boasting trafic navigation &c.\n\nVI. Mercantile intercourse with different Countries. \n\nCommerce between British Chinese; \n\na_ Several prace with England. - \n\nb \n\nde with Calcutta, Bombay, Madras Lincapore fo \n\nspecial section on Jea \n\ndo \n\nDu \n\n6 pien \n\nVII. Commerce between America oblina: \n\nRussians &Chinese, at Riachta \n\nYIL \n\nIX \n\nX \n\ndo \n\nwith Holland, Portugal, Spain, France Be\n\nwith Siam, Cochin China, dava + best blank Famosa, Loochoo, Corea, Japan the \n\ndo \n\nXT. Position productions & prospects of the live Consular ports vigh Canton, Amay; Foochoofoo Kingpo +Shanghai \n\nXII General description of Hongkong, ellacas \n\nHhhusan \n\nAppendix \n\net. Treaties between China tengland, United States \n\nTrance Battion te \n\n18. Chinese Tariff, shipping than sit duties \n\nPage 180", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-015 - Others - 1845.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 223090, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-016 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [1-6]", "page_number": 48, "title": "CO129-016 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [1-6]", "content_text": "Abstract of Payments\n\nof Hong Kong\n\nNo. 17\n\nMade at the Colonial Secretary's Office on account of H.B.M's Diplomatic Department and Consulates in China, from 1st January to 31st December, 1845.\n\nAmounts\n\n \n Diplomatic Department\n £6,538.15.71/4\n \n \n Consulate in Canton\n £6,837.3.6\n \n \n Amoy\n £209.41/2\n \n \n Foochowfoo\n £5,049.10.91/2\n \n \n Ningpo\n £962.3.21/4\n \n \n Shanghai\n £3,234.17.5\n \n \n Macao Agency\n £3,805.11.5\n \n \n \n £305.8\n \n \n Total\n £30,030.7.01/2\n \n\nThirty Thousand and Thirty Pounds seven shillings half penny Sterling\n\nVictoria, Hong Kong, January 9th 1846.\n\n(Initials)\n\n(Signed) W. L. Mercer,\n\nActing Colonial Treasurer\n\nFrederick W. A. Bruce", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-016 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [1-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 224252, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-018 - Others - 1846", "page_number": 158, "title": "CO129-018 - Others - 1846", "content_text": "Brought forward 22352\n\nAdvanced on account of Expenditure defrayed by H.M. Superintendent of Trade. (AX)\n\nAdvances to the following Consulates :\n\n(a)\n\n1\n\nCanton. Shanghai. Ningpo.. Buoy Macao.\n\nBrought forward... 14523| 4|10\n\nFrom the China Indemnity Fund ::\n\nTotal Receipt\n\n136\n\n9604217 21\n\n110,566 20\n\n470811 27064 10\n\nHid lodged in the Colony\n\n2766.13.4\n\n4239r 1.3 2490 0.9 1825.0.\n\n1 458 16.8\n\nIn addition to the above, a further sum of £1963, 12.5 was expended for the Establishment of the Superintendent of Trades, to meet which, Bills were drawn on the Lords of the Treasury,\n\n931-13-4 13510 15\n\nExpenditure\n\nSalaries.\n\n273\n\n$13.0.0\n\nWages to subordinate Persons in the Departments of\n\nPolice.\n\n2894-9.1\n\nMarine.\n\n993-6410\n\nLand\n\n459.2.11\n\nOther Departments\n\n272.8.4.\n\nTotal Expenditure £40872\n\n10th April 1841 to 31st March 1842 –\n\nReceipts\n\nLand Rents.\n\nMarket Rents.\n\nFees on granting Leases of Land.\n\nFees on appointment of Persons.\n\nFees on Marriage, Licences.\n\nFees on registering Boats.\n\nFees, Fines, and Forfeitures Judicial Courts.\n\nLicences to Publicans and Spirit Dealers.\n\nPawn Brokers.\n\nAuctioneers. Salt Brokers.\n\nBilliard Rooms.\n\nOpium Farming.\n\nStone Quarries.\n\nSale of Land and Houses.\n\nSale of Stores.\n\n0.0\n\nPasses and Sailing Letters granted by the Superintendent of Trades.\n\nPost Office.\n\nSand recovered.\n\n8507.4.17\n\n91714-994 878.16.67\n\n65.0.0\n\n5.19.8\n\n137.10.14 1062.1007/0\n\n640.5.0\n\n270.16.8\n\n86.13.4\n\n75..\n\n16.\n\n10.16.8\n\n153.16,5\n\n173.6.8\n\n109.8.4\n\n68.17.194\n\n667.87-19\n\n1.2.194\n\n14,523 4\n\nContingent Expenses of the several Departments 2738-1-10\n\nthere.\n\nPurchase and clearing of Lands.\n\n1201.168.\n\n3543.6.77\n\nCompensation to Land Owners and Householders on their removal to a new Location.\n\n4633.8.4-\n\nFormation of Roads, Bridges, Drains &c:. Erection and Repair of Buildings. Commission and Pales at tuition.\n\nFormation of a Burial Ground.\n\nTransportation of Convicts.\n\nBounty & Money to Men engaged for the Police Force.\n\nPost Office Expenses.\n\nPayments on account of the Department of H.M. Superintendent of Trade.\n\nPayments on account of the following Consulates\n\nCanton. Shanghai.\n\nNingpo. Amoy Foochoofoo.\n\nMacao.\n\n16652.16.7/2\n\n42081.82\n\n48.3. 4 23.8.7\n\n150 0.0\n\n2010.0\n\n$70.10.6\n\n5978.8.194\n\n6 2 9 1 a 1984 6486. 14.07\n\n4786.9.8% 57412. 18.3572 3144-14-14\n\n$19.4.10\n\n65642.\n\n39950449\n\nTotal Expenditure. 198593\n\n13 214\n\nHOME N", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-018 - Others - 1846.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 224253, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-018 - Others - 1846", "page_number": 159, "title": "CO129-018 - Others - 1846", "content_text": "137\n\n1th April to 30th September 18415.\n\nReceipts:\n\nLand Rents.\n\nMarket Rents.\n\nRents of Buildings.\n\nFees on grants of Leases.\n\nAppointment of Serangs. Marriages and Burials.\n\nRegistering Boats.\n\nPrices, Fees &c: in Magistrates Courts\n\nLicences to Publicans and Spirit Dealers .......\n\nPawnbrokers.\n\nAuctioneers.\n\nSalt Brokers.\n\nBillard Room..\n\nExpenditures.\n\nSalaries..\n\nWages to Subordinate Personnel in the Departments of Police.\n\n2097.16.0\n\nMariner.\n\n37. 18.3\n\nLunatic.\n\n2021.4.2\n\n72601.07\n\n-828-7-07- 260.8.4\n\nOther Departments\n\n98.2.6\n\nRations supplied to Police.\n\n328. J. M\n\nPurchase and clearing of Land.\n\n292.16.10\n\n$2.1.8\n\nFormation of a Burial Ground. Formation of Ponds, Privies &c;\n\n62.18.1\n\n7/24\n\n85.127\n\n481.0.7\n\n32.5.8.10%\n\n7744455\n\n26.06.\n\n-226,0:10\n\n3.5.6\n\nSpinning Farming... 1162 Butt\n\nStone Quarrying.\n\nDuty on Sales at Auction.\n\nSailing Letters and Passes granted by the Superintendent of Trade.\n\nSale of Stores.\n\nPost Office...\n\nSums recovered.\n\nAid levied in the Colony\n\n351.0.10\n\n1995.92\n\n13.19.2\n\n59.12.8/2\n\n590.0.10\n\n159.3-4\n\n12516135\n\n255759\n\nFrom the China Indemnity Fund.\n\nTotal Receipt\n\nContingent Expenses of the several Departments\n\n1840.17.10\n\nRepairs of Roads damaged by a Storm. Erection and Repair of Buildings. Hire of Buildings for Offices.\n\nCommission on sales at Auction.\n\nTransportation of Convicts.\n\nPost Office Expenses..\n\n443.15.0\n\n44119172\n\n8781.15.87\n\n2089.13.6\n\n1614.15.11\n\n82 8.44.27\n\n180.0.3\n\n150.0.0\n\n44514.10.\n\nLoss by alteration in the rate of the Dollar\n\n919.2. 1/2\n\nand other items\n\nCashmenta.\n\non account of the Department 1876.10.20\n\nHth. Superintendent of Trade.\n\nPayments on account of the following Consulates\n\nCanton..\n\n4027.9.69\n\nShanghai.\n\n1140.5.0\n\nNingpo..\n\n1655.11.78\n\nAmoy.\n\n1844.14.9\n\nFoochoofoo.\n\n2779.10.75\n\nMalão.\n\nAudit Office £38092 26th March 1846\n\nTotal Expenditures.\n\nIn addition to the preceding return The Sums stated in this account as applied towards the Expenditure out of the receipts & Expenditure from the date of the China Indemnity fund, will be replaced to that fund from the Grants made by Parliament for the cession of the Island of Hong Kong to the British Government, expended were incurred for the service of the Colony of Hong Kong, and for the similar Establishment during the previous period of its occupation The advances from the China Indemnity fund were made merely with a view to save the house, trouble, and delay which would have arisen by drawing Bills upon the land in the whole of the Expenditures.\n\nin China..\n\ntemporary\n\nhar pees nor\n\nNo 3 4 8287\n\n55.0.1\n\n133995\n\nF. F. Hutchell\n\nthe British Forces, of which an AccountTM A appended, so far as the Same Can be\n\nOffices\n\n822713", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-018 - Others - 1846.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 224589, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-018 - Others - 1846", "page_number": 495, "title": "CO129-018 - Others - 1846", "content_text": "48\n\nREPORT ON\n\nMr. Thom, the Consul at Ningpo, who framed the new Chinese tariff; who was the chief eulogist on the advantageous extension of British trade with China; whose knowledge of the Chinese language is complete, and who has married a Chinese woman, now states that all his hopes have been disappointed. He said (10th August, 1844), \"Free trade has proved a failure in China; everything here runs into monopoly. Government have appointed three hongs, who alone are permitted to sell tea at Ningpo. Government have granted a monopoly of all iron made in the district to one hong, consisting of two or three individuals. An English ship brought some iron here the other day; the Chinaman who bought the English iron at a dollar a picul below the price at which the monopolist hong was selling the native iron, was cited before the mandarins, who, after urgent remonstrances and reference to the treaty, at length said the monopoly was granted for internal or home-made iron, and that the Chinaman was at liberty to complete his purchase of the English iron. But in a short time the iron monopolist hong trumped up some other charge against the purchaser of the English iron; false witnesses were easily procured, and the unfortunate purchaser of cheap English iron was committed to prison. No interference of the Consul could be made, as the alleged offence had no reference to trade. The accused would probably be squeezed of all his property, and feel thankful he had escaped with life. Such conduct deters other Chinese traders from purchasing English goods, particularly where a monopoly has been granted.\"\n\nCHUSAN.\n\n49\n\nproceeds further to observe, \"you may lay down large and liberal principles, but they are sure to be defeated in detail by the mandarins. Although the duties are low on imported English goods, yet a man prefers going over in his junk to Chusan, where he fills her with English goods, and takes them to Chapoo, Shantung, &c., where they are readily bought. The same goods, if sold at Ningpo, would be marked at the custom-house; and fifty or sixty miles in the interior, the mandarins levy a heavy internal transit duty, which effectually checks the consumption of British manufactures. I see no prospect of a large increase of trade with China, which has nothing but tea and silk to export and no money. Silver is becoming scarcer every day; 2000 cash are now required for a tael of silver. Opium has drained the country. Formerly the Chinese bought our watches, mirrors, and other articles of luxury; now they are unable to do so, and there is evidently an increasing national impoverishment and deterioration.\" In the Chinese you behold a nation without truth and without morals.\n\nNingpo, one of the largest and wealthiest cities in China, may be viewed as a complete failure for a British Consular port.\n\nWith regard to Foochoofoo, although the Consul has been there two months, not a vessel has even called to inquire if there be a market; so hopeless is it deemed to contend with interested opposition.\n\nIt is for these, among other reasons, that Chusan would be so valuable as a British commercial entrepôt. Already goods have been frequently purchased there for the coast of Shantung, but probably destined for the gulf of Petchely and other places to the northward of the Yang-tze-kiang river. Chusan would also most probably become an entrepôt for the valuable trade of Formosa, from which island it is only distant 300 miles, and from whence there is an immense importation of sugar into Ningpo and Shanghai, for the supply of the rich northern and central provinces of China, where the consumption is very great. The sugar would be a valuable article for shipment to England, and would be much more advantageously transshipped at a free port like Chusan, than under the trammels of the custom-house arrangements at Ningpo or Shanghai, irrespective of the export duty levied at these ports, which on low sugars become a heavy percentage. The Formosa junks take back raw cotton, cotton cloths, Straits' produce, &c., all of which British merchants could supply from Chusan.\n\nE\n\n438\n\nlanguage too severe for him, and he was sentenced to a slow death, to be cut in small pieces as food for the vultures, his property to be confiscated, and all his relations and connections to be punished and degraded,\n\n\"The property of Keshen seized and delivered over into the hands of the Imperial Treasury, for His Majesty's special use, was, 682 catties of gold, 17,940,000 taels of silver, 11 boxes of jewels, worth unknown. This was, however, only the first instalment, for Muhchangah, then Prime Minister, on a second search confiscated the following effects: 1438 large pieces of silver valued at 60 dollars each, 46,920 taels of broken silver, 6100 taels annual rental of property, 2,561,217 Chinese acres in land, besides houses, shares in pawnshops, saltworks, &c., &c.\n\n\"His property as first rated was equivalent to 8,000,000 sterling; but on a subsequent minute calculation, was found of far greater value.\n\n\"Keshen's wives and concubines were sold by auction. Without trial, without any other charge than that of not having destroyed the barbarians, his property was instantly seized; he was sent with a chain round his neck as a felon from Canton to Pekin—where with great difficulty he obtained 100 cash (1-12th of a dollar) to buy some food—and he was subsequently seen starving in prison, where he was condemned to die a lingering death. The approach of our fleet to Nankin saved his life; he was subsequently released from prison, made pipe-bearer to the Emperor, at length made Viceroy of Tibet, where he is again accumulating a large fortune, to be perhaps again \"squeezed\" from him on the first favourable opportunity. Such is a Tartar Government!\n\nA similar instance to the confiscation of Keshen's property is recorded by Sir George Staunton. \"Hochuntong, or Hoquen, or Hokwan, the celebrated Minister of China under the Emperor Kien Lung, amassed before his impeachment by the Emperor Kiaking (in the fourth year of his reign), 80 millions of Chinese ounces of silver, or about 23,300,000 sterling value in bullion or gems, which was found in his treasury, besides lands, houses, and other immoveable property to an amazing amount. As a mark of royal favour he was permitted to become his own executioner!\" [Sir G. Staunton's \"Penal Code,\" Appendix, p. 492.]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-018 - Others - 1846.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 224596, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-018 - Others - 1846", "page_number": 502, "title": "CO129-018 - Others - 1846", "content_text": "60\n\nREPORT ON CHUSAN.\n\nBut the assertion, even if substantially correct, would be no justification for our resigning Chusan; our occupation of that island could not accelerate the dissolution of the Chinese empire; on the contrary, it might be made the means of retarding such an event; and even should it occur, our position near the Yang-tze-kiang would enable us to retain any commerce we had established, and to carry on the tea trade, should it be driven from Canton.\n\nIn conclusion, there are, I respectfully submit, many cogent arguments of the highest state policy for our continued and permanent occupation of Chusan, and but one reason assigned for its evacuation in December 1845, namely, that we have promised to do so on the fulfilment of the terms of the treaty of Nankin. But have these terms been fulfilled in the letter and spirit in which they were framed by the British? Has diplomacy lost all power, that it cannot be exercised in the intervening period assigned for the evacuation? ready, if required, to lay before Her Majesty's Ministers my reasons.\n\nI am\n\n...\n\nbands, commit suicide in such a manner that their spouses may be charged with murder. The police and Tartar troops hold the lower classes in complete subjection. The whole system has been aptly compared to a railroad carriage, which moves well so long as there is no impediment, but a pebble on the rail destroys all. Whatever be the result, the English and the other western nations have now become the pebble on the rail.\n\nThe humiliation of the Government of China has reduced to a low scale all the inferior grades of officials in their intercourse with foreigners; and we are cordially hated by the Tartars and all officials, who feel that the terror inspired, and the fame of the Mantchoos in particular, is entirely gone. The people at large, therefore, have reaped great benefit from the change; there is now a certain acknowledgment of their rights, arbitrary oppressions and seizures are of much rarer occurrence, and the exactions are considerably reduced.\n\nThe Chinese Secretary who makes these remarks, proceeds to observe, that \"It cannot be expected that the old system will stand long, because the shocks with which it has been assailed, and will be assailed, are rude and overwhelming, and the pressure from within and without fearful. Great and awful will be the crash—terrific the shaking. It is a mighty colossus, put together with much care, protected by antiquity, by narrow-mindedness, by old custom, by an extensive Government. But the foundation is undermined, and there is a cancer-worm eating its very supports.\n\nChina has no serfs, and slavery only in name. The inhabitants are ready in devices, and unwearied in the execution. From such a nation great things may be expected. What they most want is the introduction of Christianity, founded upon individual conviction.\n\n\"Whatever now may happen, one or other foreign power will advocate the interests of one party, because China has ceased to be a terra incognita, and exhibited a large field for diplomatical skill, so that the foreign influence of some nation will grow with its own helplessness. How much soever this state of things may be deprecated, how much soever the Chinese Government may be averse to such an intercourse, there appears to be no alternative. With Great Britain's commanding position at Chusan, however, even if Pekin becomes another Constantinople, she will always command respect and realize her wishes. An impulse has now been given to the whole empire, such as it never before received. No retrogression is practicable. It is for us to determine whether the future shall be in our favour or otherwise.\"\n\n+ The attacks on British subjects at Canton, Foochoofoo, &c.—the refusal to open the city of Canton—the subtle evasions of the spirit of the treaty—and the constant correspondence carried on for the last twelve months by Governor Davis and the Consuls of Her Britannic Majesty with the Chinese authorities, substantially prove the truth of this remark.—March, 1846.\n\nHONG KONG AND CHUSAN COMPARED.\n\n61\n\nfor entertaining a strong opinion that, without any violation of the treaty of Nankin, and without any fraud or force, Chusan may be retained and become, as it assuredly would, one of the most valuable and important colonies of the British Crown.\n\nFriday, August 30, 1844.\n\nR. M. MARTIN,\n\nRemarks on Sir Henry Pottinger's reasons for retaining Hong Kong and rejecting Chusan, stated at the Manchester Dinner, 20th December, 1844*.(Transmitted to Lord Stanley.)\n\nI. “I cannot say that Hong Kong was selected by me.” [SIR H. POTTINGER.]—In the Draft Treaty sent out to China from the Foreign Office, printed, there was a blank after the word \"islands.\" Sir Henry Pottinger had only to name the word Chusan, and England would have obtained that valuable possession; or he might have written after \"islands Hong Kong and Chusan. When Captain Elliot temporarily located at Hong Kong we had not occupied Chusan; Sir Henry Pottinger had resided on both islands then in our possession, and made Hong Kong as his choice. Several of Sir H. Pottinger's suite, officers, and friends had selected Hong Kong, and secured the most valuable sites for building previous to the Treaty of Nankin, viz., Lieut.-Colonel Malcolm, his Secretary, and Mr. Woosnam, his Doctor; Mr. Johnston, Deputy Superintendent and Lieut.-Governor; Major Caine, &c. The Malcolm, Morgan, and Ochterlony bazaars were then, and are still, the best positions and property in Hong Kong.\n\nII. \"If the two places, Hong Kong and Chusan, were at my disposal to-morrow, I should prefer Hong Kong.\"—I do not think there is one disinterested person, who has seen both islands, who would give the preference to a small, barren, unhealthy, traffickless rock—producing nothing commanding nothing, not even the mouth of the Canton river—devoid of European or native commerce—with a thieving, piratical population, and situated disadvantageously at the southern end of China,\n\n* See \"Times\" dated London, 23rd December, 1844.\n\n+ The treaty of Nankin verbatim, nearly as executed, was originally prepared at the Board of Trade department, by the late Lord Sydenham and Mr. Deacon Hume, to whom the points were given by certain merchants in the city of London.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-018 - Others - 1846.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 224645, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-018 - Others - 1846", "page_number": 551, "title": "CO129-018 - Others - 1846", "content_text": "Jr. And assister\n\nI sufferer.\n\nThese should be acknowledged with thanks - although, of course, credit may be given to the Gentlemen, Mr. Martin has been discharging these self-imposed duties to the neglect of the Official duties for which he was paid. If ...\n\nMemo: Chand...\n\nto our Kina... forwarded to the Board's Trade.\n\nReport on the Tea Trade of China.\n\n- on the Opium traffic.\n\n544\n\nPage 1846\n\nPhysical geography & Topography of China; Residence; Population by Provinces - classification, character & Government of China; several Foreign Boards & Foreign Intercourse with different Nations. Manufactures; Agriculture; wages of labour; Banking & circulation, morals, weights & measures; Coasting trade; relative traffic; Inland Trade & intercourse.\n\nForeign Commerce, Shipping & Regulations, &c. - British; Haugh-Indian trade for a series of years; & American Trade in detail.\n\n& Custom regulations; Ordinance; Report on Canton general, topographical &c.\n\nMacau regulations &c.\n\nHongkong - Dr. Meteorology &c.\n\nChusan\n\nAmoy\n\nFoochowfoo\n\nNingpo; Shanghai\n\nTrade, Regulations &c.\n\nRussian trade with China via Kiakhta.\n\n5) Sailing instructions & directions for the Coast of China.\n\n& English, French, American, Russian Treaties with China.\n\n7. Edicts, Proclamations & various Legislative enactments.\n\nBy J.M. Martin", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-018 - Others - 1846.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 227702, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-027 - Public Offices - 1848", "page_number": 6, "title": "CO129-027 - Public Offices - 1848", "content_text": "CHINA.\n\n{H O N G K O N G.}\n\nthey would not be\n\na\n\n\"continuation of the former\n\naccounts which is what\n\nthe Order of the House requires. They\n\nare\n\nin\n\ndifferent form from ours.\n\nNevertheless if you\n\nthink that our accounts will serve the purpose, I shall be very glad of being thus enabled & present them more\n\nspeedily\n\n7.7.8.17/5.\n\nM.10 Ittente tur\n\nColmena\n\nвекс-\n\ndilpir\n\nto\n\nIn punenly\n\nthe terr\n\nin both Effe\n\nti tun\n\nRETURN to an Order of the Honourable The House of Commons,\n\ndated 26 January 1847;-for,\n\n«ACCOUNTS of the RECEIPTS and DISBURSEMENTS of the Colony of Hong Kong (in continuation of the last Parliamentary Returns), made up to the latest Period at which they can be furnished.\"\n\nACCOUNTS of the RECEIPTS and DISBURSEMENTS of the Colony of Hong Kong (in continuation of the last Parliamentary Returns, Paper No. 264, Sess. 1846), made up to the latest Period to which they can be furnished.\n\n1st October 1845 to 30th September 1846.\n\nRECEIPTS:\n\n \n Land Rents\n £.\n s.\n d.\n 13,402\n 19\n 7\n \n \n Market Rents\n \n \n \n 1,642\n 6\n 2\n \n \n Rents of Buildings\n \n \n \n 701\n 4\n 3\n \n \n Fees on grants of Leases\n \n \n \n 320\n \n \n \n \n Fees on appointment of Serangs\n \n \n \n 100\n 10\n 11\n \n \n Fees on Marriages and Burials\n \n \n \n 50\n \n \n \n \n Fees on registering Boats\n \n \n \n 7\n 1\n \n \n \n Fines, Fees, &c. in Magistrates' Courts\n \n \n \n 5\n 4\n \n \n \n Licenses to Publicans and Spirit-dealers\n \n \n \n 124\n 13\n 3\n \n \n Pawnbrokers\n \n \n \n 1,550\n 17\n 7\n \n \n Auctioneers Salt-brokers\n \n \n \n 1,091\n 18\n 7\n \n \n Billiard Rooms\n \n \n \n 492\n 11\n 8\n \n \n Opium-farming Stone-quarrying\n \n \n \n 82\n 11\n 9\n \n \n Duty on Sales at Auction\n \n \n \n 569\n 15\n 10\n \n \n Police Assessment\n \n \n \n 25\n 10\n \n \n \n Contribution in aid of Police Expenses\n \n \n \n -\n \n \n \n \n Sailing Letters and Passes, granted by Her Majesty's Superintendent of Trade\n \n \n \n 4,212\n 10\n 2\n \n \n Sale of Stores\n \n \n \n 569\n 15\n 10\n \n \n Sums recovered\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n From the Commissariat Chest\n \n \n \n 412\n 12\n 6\n \n \n Salaries\n \n \n \n 1,276\n 14\n 2\n \n \n AID levied in the COLONY:\n \n \n \n 614\n 12\n 4\n \n \n TOTAL RECEIPTS\n \n \n \n £.\n 27,348\n 9\n 4\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 60,000\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n £.\n 87,348\n 9\n 4\n \n\nDISBURSEMENTS:\n\n \n Wages to subordinate Persons in the Departments of-\n £.\n s.\n d.\n \n \n \n \n \n Police\n \n \n \n 30,967\n 9\n 9\n \n \n Marine\n \n \n \n 4,869\n 2\n 9\n \n \n Land\n \n \n \n 730\n 8\n 4\n \n \n Other Departments\n \n \n \n 345\n 5\n 9\n \n \n Rations supplied to Police\n \n \n \n 223\n 6\n 8\n \n \n Contingent Expenses of the several Departments\n \n \n \n 1,091\n 16\n 9\n \n \n Formation of a Burial-ground\n \n \n \n 4,625\n 18\n 6\n \n \n Formation of Roads, Bridges, &c.\n \n \n \n 154\n 9\n 1\n \n \n Repairs of Roads damaged by Storm\n \n \n \n 14,171\n 10\n 4\n \n \n Erection and Repair of Buildings\n \n \n \n -\n \n \n \n \n Hire of Buildings for Offices\n \n \n \n 1,004\n 9\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2,743\n 5\n 6\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1,840\n 5\n 6\n \n \n Commission on Sales at Auction\n \n \n \n 106\n 4\n 5\n \n \n Allowance to Military Engineers while employed upon Colonial Works\n \n \n \n 191\n 14\n 10\n \n \n Allowance to the Coroner for Two Years' Service\n \n \n \n 200\n \n \n \n \n Allowance to Assessors of the Police Rate\n \n \n \n 41\n 13\n 4\n \n \n PAYMENTS on account of the Department of Her Majesty's Superintendent of Trade\n \n \n \n 7,509\n 7\n 9\n \n \n PAYMENTS on account of the following CONSULATES:\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Canton\n \n \n \n 5,786\n 5\n 5\n \n \n Shanghai\n \n \n \n 8,009\n 16\n 2\n \n \n Amoy\n \n \n \n 4,481\n 7\n 8\n \n \n Ningpo\n \n \n \n 4,399\n 7\n 4\n \n \n Foochoofoo\n \n \n \n 2,645\n 5\n 5\n \n \n Macao\n \n \n \n 110\n 12\n 6\n \n \n TOTAL EXPENDITURE\n \n \n \n £.\n 63,306\n 12\n 3\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 32,942\n 2\n 3\n \n \n \n \n \n \n £.\n 96,248\n 14\n 6\n \n\nAudit Office, Somerset House,\n\n24 February 1847.\n\nH. F. Luttrell. Henry Arbuthnot. Edward Romilly.\n\n261.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-027 - Public Offices - 1848.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 233973, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-044 - Public Offices - 1853", "page_number": 45, "title": "CO129-044 - Public Offices - 1853", "content_text": "44\n\n2\n\nlong as such Superintendent should be also the Preamble. Governor of the Island of Hong-Kong) to enact, with the advice of the Legislative Council of the said Island of Hong-Kong, all such Laws and Ordinances as might from time to time be required for the peace, order, and good government of Her Majesty's subjects being within the dominions of the Emperor of China, or being within any ship or vessel at a distance of not more than one hundred miles from the coast of China; and that it should also be lawful for Her Majesty, by any Order or Orders in Council, to ordain, for the government of Her Majesty's subjects, being within the dominions of the Emperor of China, or being within any ship or vessel at a distance of not more than one hundred miles from the coast of China, any Law or Ordinance which to Her Majesty in Council might seem meet:\n\nAnd whereas by a certain other Act passed in the 6th and 7th years of Her Majesty's reign, intituled An Act to remove doubts as to the exercise of power and jurisdiction by Her Majesty within divers countries and places out of Her Majesty's dominions, and to render the same more effectual,” it was among other things enacted, that it should be lawful for Her Majesty to hold, exercise, and enjoy any power or jurisdiction which Her Majesty now hath or may at any time hereafter have within any country or place out of Her Majesty's dominions, in the same and as ample a manner as if Her Majesty had acquired such jurisdiction by the cession or conquest of territory:\n\nAnd whereas by Treaty, Grant, Sufferance, or other lawful means, Her Majesty hath power and jurisdiction over British subjects within the dominions of the Emperor of China, and the same or certain parts thereof have heretofore been exercised on behalf of Her Majesty by Her Majesty's Consular officers resident within the said dominions: And whereas in pursuance of the powers vested in Her Majesty by the above-recited Act of the 3rd and 4th years of His late Majesty King William the Fourth, Her Majesty was pleased, by an Order in Council passed on the 24th day of February, 1843, to prohibit her subjects from resorting, for the purposes of trade and commerce, to any other ports in the dominions of the Emperor of China than those\n\nPreamble.\n\n3\n\nof Canton, Amoy, Foochowfoo, Ningpo, and Shanghae, or than might be in the occupation of Her Majesty's forces:\n\nAnd whereas Her Majesty was pleased, by a certain other Order in Council passed on the 2nd day of October, 1843, to order, that if any law or ordinance made in pursuance of the above-recited Act passed in the 6th and 7th years of Her Majesty's reign, intituled \"An Act for the better government of Her Majesty's subjects resorting to China,\" should be in anywise repugnant to or at variance with the above-recited Order of Her Majesty in Council of the 24th day of February, 1843, or with certain Orders passed by His late Majesty King William IV, on the 9th of December, 1833, for the government and trade of His Majesty's subjects at Canton in the dominions of the Emperor of China, and for the appointment of a court of justice with criminal and Admiralty jurisdiction for the trial of offences committed by His Majesty's subjects within the said dominions and the ports and havens thereof, or on the high seas within one hundred miles from the coast of China; or with a certain other Order passed by Her Majesty on the 4th day of January, 1843, directing that the said court of justice should be holden in the Island of Hong-Kong, for the purposes aforesaid; then such law or ordinance, so long as the same should be in force, should be obeyed and observed; anything in the said recited Orders in Council contained to the contrary in anywise notwithstanding:\n\nAnd whereas Her Majesty was pleased by a certain other Order in Council, passed on the 17th day of April, 1844, to order that Her Majesty's Consuls and Vice-Consuls resident within the dominions of the Emperor of China, or such other persons as by warrant under the hand and seal of the Chief Superintendent of the Trade of Her Majesty's subjects in China for the time being should be appointed to act provisionally as Consuls or Vice-Consuls, should severally in the districts within which they might respectively be appointed to reside, have and hold all necessary power and authority to exercise jurisdiction over British subjects within such districts as aforesaid, for the repression and punishment of crimes and offences by them committed within the dominions of the Emperor of China,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-044 - Public Offices - 1853.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 234007, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-044 - Public Offices - 1853", "page_number": 79, "title": "CO129-044 - Public Offices - 1853", "content_text": "long as such Superintendent should be also the Preamble, Governor of the Island of Hong-Kong) to enact, with the advice of the Legislative Council of the said Island of Hong-Kong, all such Laws and Ordinances as might from time to time be required for the peace, order, and good government of Her Majesty's subjects being within the dominions of the Emperor of China, or being within any ship or vessel at a distance of not more than one hundred miles from the coast of China; and that it should also be lawful for Her Majesty, by any Order or Orders in Council, to ordain, for the government of Her Majesty's subjects, being within the dominions of the Emperor of China, or being within any ship or vessel at a distance of not more than one hundred miles from the coast of China, any Law or Ordinance which to Her Majesty in Council might seem meet:\n\nAnd whereas by a certain other Act passed in the 6th and 7th years of Her Majesty's reign, intituled An Act to remove doubts as to the exercise of power and jurisdiction by Her Majesty within divers countries and places out of Her Majesty's dominions, and to render the same more effectual,” it was among other things enacted, that it should be lawful for Her Majesty to hold, exercise, and enjoy any power or jurisdiction which Her Majesty now hath or may at any time hereafter have within any country or place out of Her Majesty's dominions, in the same and as ample a manner as if Her Majesty had acquired such jurisdiction by the cession or conquest of territory:\n\nAnd whereas by Treaty, Grant, Sufferance, or other lawful means, Her Majesty hath power and jurisdiction over British subjects within the dominions of the Emperor of China, and the same or certain parts thereof have heretofore been exercised on behalf of Her Majesty by Her Majesty's Consular officers resident within the said dominions: And whereas in pursuance of the powers vested in Her Majesty by the above-recited Act of the 3rd and 4th years of the reign of His late Majesty King William the Fourth, Her Majesty was pleased, by an Order in Council passed on the 24th day of February, 1843, to prohibit her subjects from resorting, for the purposes of trade and commerce, to any other ports in the dominions of the Emperor of China than those of Canton, Amoy, Foochowfoo, Ningpo, and Shanghae, or than might be in the occupation of Her Majesty's forces:\n\nAnd whereas Her Majesty was pleased, by a certain other Order in Council passed on the 2nd day of October, 1843, to order, that if any law or ordinance made in pursuance of the above-recited Act passed in the 6th and 7th years of Her Majesty's reign, intituled \"An Act for the better government of Her Majesty's subjects resorting to China,\" should be in anywise repugnant to or at variance with the above-recited Order of Her Majesty in Council of the 24th day of February, 1843, or with certain Orders passed by His late Majesty King William IV, on the 9th of December, 1833, for the government and trade of His Majesty's subjects at Canton in the dominions of the Emperor of China, and for the appointment of a court of justice with criminal and Admiralty jurisdiction for the trial of offences committed by His Majesty's subjects within the said dominions and the ports and havens thereof, or on the high seas within one hundred miles from the coast of China; or with a certain other Order passed by Her Majesty on the 4th day of January, 1843, directing that the said court of justice should be holden in the Island of Hong-Kong, for the purposes aforesaid; then such law or ordinance, so long as the same should be in force, should be obeyed and observed; anything in the said recited Orders in Council contained to the contrary in anywise notwithstanding:\n\nAnd whereas Her Majesty was pleased by a certain other Order in Council, passed on the 17th day of April, 1844, to order that Her Majesty's Consuls and Vice-Consuls resident within the dominions of the Emperor of China, or such other persons as by warrant under the hand and seal of the Chief Superintendent of the Trade of Her Majesty's subjects in China for the time being should be appointed to act provisionally as Consuls or Vice-Consuls, should severally in the districts within which they might respectively be appointed to reside, have and hold all necessary power and authority to exercise jurisdiction over British subjects within such districts as aforesaid, for the repression and punishment of crimes and offences by them committed within the dominions of the Emperor of China,\n\n78", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-044 - Public Offices - 1853.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 236613, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-051 - Sir Bowring - 1855 [7-9]", "page_number": 94, "title": "CO129-051 - Sir Bowring - 1855 [7-9]", "content_text": "M. Sticht\n\nBoord\n\nTrace who with I inajen\n\nbestle Treign Office har var dout the Gree Accy official copy of the Treaty with\n\nJapan\n\ndraft Msout\n\nBangkong\n\nNEW SERIES.\n\nTHE\n\n91\n\nGovernment\n\nGAZETTE.\n\nVICTORIA, SATURDAY, 4TH AUGUST, 1855.\n\nGOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.\n\nVOL. I. No 5.\n\nThe Contract for publishing this Gazette, entered into on the 24th September, 1853, was terminated on the 30th ultimo; and notice is hereby given, that a NEW SERIES of this Gazette will be published hereafter, to commence from the 7th instant, under a New Contract, and that\n\n\"THE HONGKONG GOVERNMENT GAZETTE\"\n\nwill, as before, be the only Official Organ for PROCLAMATIONS, NOTIFICATIONS, and PUBLIC PAPERS, of this Government.\n\nBy Order,\n\nW. T. MERCER, Colonial Secretary.\n\nColonial Secretary's Office, Victoria, Hongkong, 2d July, 1855.\n\nGOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.\n\nDiplomatic Department.\n\nNo. 15.\n\nTHOMAS FRANCIS WADE, Esquire, having been appointed to act as Chinese Secretary in this Department, pending reference to Her Majesty's Government; His Excellency Her Majesty's Plenipotentiary has been pleased to appoint Mr MARTIN CROFTON MORRISON, Interpreter in the British Consulate at Canton, to act as Her Majesty's Vice-Consul at that Port until further notice.\n\nBy Order,\n\nW. T. MERCER,\n\nColonial Secretary.\n\nColonial Secretary's Office, Victoria, Hongkong, 30th July, 1855.\n\nGOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.\n\nDiplomatic Department.\n\nTREATY WITH JAPAN. NOTICE.\n\nA Treaty having recently been concluded between Her Majesty and the Emperor of Japan, whereby the latter agrees to open the Japanese ports of Nagasaki and Hakodadi to British ships for the purposes of effecting repairs, and obtaining fresh water, provisions, and other supplies of any sort that they may absolutely require, provided that they are furnished with a given Stamp License...\n\nThe following Notification has been circulated by Her Majesty's Consul at Foochowfoo, on the subject of a piratical fleet cruising on the Chinese Coast in the Fookeen province, and is now published for general information.\n\nBy Order,\n\nW. WOODGATE.\n\nSuperintendency of Trade, Victoria, Hongkong, 2d August, 1855.\n\nCopy No. 70.\n\nBRITISH CONSULATE, FOOCHOW FOO, 11th July, 1855.\n\nNOTIFICATION.\n\n \n ...\n Certificates of Registry in the form determined by Her Majesty's Government will be exchanged for existing Certificates, on application to this Office.\n \n \n Commander BARNARD, R. N., commanding H. M. S. Racehorse, having advised H. M.'s Consul that a formidable fleet of West Coast Pirate-Junks, numbering 35 vessels, and powerfully manned and armed, is cruising among the groups of Islands between this and Amoy...\n ...\n \n\nW. H. MEDHURST.\n\n(Signed,)\n\nTo\n\nBRITISH CONSIGNEES AND MASTERS\n\nOF VESSELS,\n\nTrue Copy,\n\nW. WOODGATE.\n\nGOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.\n\nNo. 14.\n\nWanted a Passage to Singapore for Thirteen Chinese Convicts.\n\nTenders will be received at this Office.\n\nBy Order,\n\nW. T. MERCER, Colonial Secretary.\n\nColonial Secretary's Office, Victoria, Hongkong, 26th July, 1855.\n\nGOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.\n\nUnder Instructions from The Secretary of State for the Colonies His Excellency The Governor directs the publication of the following letter from the Assistant Secretary of the Board of Trade to the Board of Customs...\n\nBy Order,\n\nW. T. MERCER, Colonial Secretary.\n\nColonial Secretary's Office, Victoria, Hongkong, 31st July, 1855.\n\nNo. 79-1855.\n\nOFFICE OF COMMITTEE OF PRIVY COUNCIL FOR TRADE,\n\nMARINE DEPARTMENT, 25th May, 1855.\n\nSIR,\n\nVarious communications having been made to my Lords concerning the inconvenience sustained with respect to Ships registered in the British Possessions abroad...\n\nPage 91\n\n...\n\nPage 91", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-051 - Sir Bowring - 1855 [7-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 245810, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-070 - Public Offices - 1858", "page_number": 247, "title": "CO129-070 - Public Offices - 1858", "content_text": "245\n\nIt might be desirable to stipulate that hereafter the Governor of the Chekiang Province in which Shanghai is situated should be immediately charged with the conduct of Foreign Relations of China instead of, as now, the Governor of the Kwantung Province in which Canton is situated.\n\nIt appears to the Earl of Malmesbury that this suggestion is deserving of Consideration, for in the first place it would remove the High Commissioner of the Chinese Government from the pressure of the local influence of Canton, the population of which City is Extremely suspicious and notoriously averse to Foreigners;\n\nand in the second place it would bring the representations of Foreign Powers into closer proximity with the Central government at Pekin, and would afford them greater opportunities than they now possess of making their complaints representations known at the Imperial Court. Furthermore, even if the trade in the interior of China were to remain Stationary, the amount of commercial business transacted at Shanghai and the neighbouring Port of Foochowfoo far exceeds that transacted at Canton, and bids fair to make the latter still more a Port of secondary importance; While if the pending negotiations should result in a further extension of commercial intercourse with China, that extension will take effect more directly, and immediately in", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-070 - Public Offices - 1858.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 319733, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-205 - Public Offices - 1882", "page_number": 288, "title": "CO129-205 - Public Offices - 1882", "content_text": "# 120\n\nThis maintains its present superiority, the revenue derivable from it is in no way jeopardized. The drug will bear heavier taxation than that now imposed upon it, and heavier taxation will probably be laid upon it.\n\nBut the Chinese have a right so to tax it, and my stipulation, while it adds nothing to the power of raising the rate of taxation already in their hands, secures to them the full amount of the tax that may be imposed. This is simple justice. But it is secured to them so far only at the ports. Their revenue still loses by the trade of Hong Kong, or, if it loses no longer, this is because they have resorted to a means of protection which, even were it applied without the smallest transgression of its lawful limits, must still be irksome, to say no more, to the Colony. Its lawful limits withal have not been unfrequently transgressed. The Chinese Government, having discovered that the Chinese junks trading with the Colony in many cases carry cargoes, whether of opium or other goods, imports or exports, which by their trade with the Colony avoid payment of duties, has placed round the Colony, at certain points, upon Chinese ground, a cordon of native custom-houses, which overhaul every junk entering or leaving the waters of the Colony. This, if the executive went no farther, would oppress the junk trade of the Colony, the executive being, like the junkmen, Chinese; but the right of the Chinese Government to inspect and tax its own junks could hardly be disputed. The limits of the right are transgressed when the native cruizers pursue the junks into the ports or waters of the Colony. The punishment or prevention of action of the kind is, of course, within easy reach of a Power like our own. But the embarrassment of the junk trade would continue much the same unless the native custom-houses were so overawed by our exhibition of force as to desist from performance of their lawful duty, in which case we should be in the wrong. The revenue China is seeking to protect is due to her. It is the interest of the Colony to render possible the discontinuance of these native custom-houses.\n\nIt must not be forgotten that, when Hong Kong was ceded to us in 1842, we looked the responsibility imposed upon us by the close proximity of the island to the mainland fairly in the face; and that, in the Supplementary Treaty signed by Sir Henry Pottinger at Hoo-Mun Chai in 1843, we agreed to co-operate with the Chinese Government in protecting it against the loss of revenue to which it would be exposed unless its junk trade were placed under surveillance. I quote below the provisions to which I refer:\n\n## ARTICLE XIII\n\n\"All persons, whether natives of China or otherwise, who may wish to convey goods from any one of the five ports of Canton, Foochowfoo, Amoy, Ningpo, and Shanghae, to Hong Kong, for sale or consumption, shall be at full and perfect liberty to do so, on paying the duties on such goods, and obtaining a pass or port-clearance from the Chinese Custom-house at one of the said ports. Should natives of China wish to repair to Hong Kong to purchase goods, they shall have free and full permission to do so; and should they require a Chinese vessel to carry away their purchases, they must obtain a pass or port-clearance for her at the custom-house of the port whence the vessel may sail for Hong Kong. It is further settled that in all cases those passes are to be returned to the officers of the Chinese Government as soon as the trip for which they may be granted shall be completed.\n\n## ARTICLE XIV\n\n\"An English officer will be appointed at Hong Kong, one part of whose duty will be to examine the registers and passes of all Chinese vessels that may repair to that port to buy or sell goods; and should such officer at any time find that any Chinese merchant-vessel has not a pass or register from one of the five ports, she is to be considered as an unauthorized or smuggling vessel, and is not to be allowed to trade, whilst a report of the circumstance is to be made to the Chinese authorities. By this arrangement it is to be hoped that piracy and illegal traffic will be effectually prevented.\n\n## ARTICLE XVI\n\n\"It is agreed that the custom-house officers at the five ports shall make a monthly return to Canton of the passes granted to vessels proceeding to Hong Kong, together with the nature of their cargoes; and a copy of these returns will be embodied in one return and communicated once a-month to the proper English officer at Hong Kong. The said English officer will, on his part, make a similar return or communication to the Chinese authorities at Canton, showing the names of Chinese vessels arrived at Hong Kong, or departed from that port, with the nature of their cargoes; and the Canton authorities will apprise the custom-houses at the five ports, in order that, by these arrangements and precautions, all clandestine and illegal trade, under the cover of passes, may be averted.\"\n\nThe Supplementary Treaty was abrogated by Article I of the Treaty of Tien-tsin, together with the General Regulations of Trade appended to it, \"the substance of their provisions,\" runs the clause, having been incorporated in this (the new) Treaty.\n\nThis is true of all the other provisions of those two instruments. They were, to quote the same Article, \"amended and improved.\" No reference to the junk trade of Hong Kong was made in the new Treaty; not, I am convinced, out of indifference to the interests or rights of the Chinese. Lord Elgin, the negotiator of the Treaty, felt so strongly upon this subject that he declined to stipulate for the participation of British shipping in the general cabotage of China. The surveillance of the junk trade of Hong Kong, so prescribed by Sir Henry Pottinger's Treaty of 1843, was left unnoticed, imagine, simply because during the fifteen years that had elapsed since that Treaty was signed, the Chinese, whatever the cause, indifference or fear of trouble, had never manifested the smallest desire to give effect to any arrangement of the kind provided.\n\nOne reason in the first part of the period in question was, perhaps, that the junk trade of the Colony was insignificant; but from 1854, when Canton was for some months invested by T'ai P'ing rebels, it had continued to grow in importance.\n\nAnd in 1868 it was believed (by the Chinese) that revenue was suffering a loss of about 300,000l. a-year upon cargoes carried by junks frequenting Macao and Hong Kong, opium being, of course, the most valuable of the cargoes run into outports on the mainland.\n\nThe Hoppo, or Chinese Superintendent of Customs, when complaining of this (I am unable, without reference, to say in what document), remarked that this evasion of duty along the west coast of the province was practicable only because at Hong Kong, which he speaks of as still belonging to the Province of Kwang Tung, \"China has no custom-house, nor are persons stationed there for purposes of inspection;\" and he suggested that the Governor of Hong Kong should be directed by the British Minister to instruct the Consul at Hong Kong to put a stop to the smuggling of imports.\n\nI drew attention to this in 1868, in the Memorandum on Revision of Treaty before referred to. The Hoppo's confusion of ideas as to our territorial rights and the departments of our services apart, I pointed out that his reasoning was not so absurd as at first sight it might be thought; that the form of his protest but betrayed a belief, common to Chinese officials, that when British subjects were exterritorialized in China, the British Government undertook to restrain them from wrong-doing. In this, of course, he included the enabling or assisting the Chinese wrong-doer to do wrong. In early days, before the first war, the native monopolists, known as the Co-Hong, not only collected the duties on the foreign trade, but controlled and were held responsible for all the proceedings of foreigners. When Consuls were appointed under our first Treaty, it was declared in Rule 15 of the Supplementary Regulations of 1843 that, whereas \"it has hitherto been the custom when an English vessel entered the port of Canton that a Chinese hong merchant stood security for her, and all duties and charges to be paid through such security merchant, these security merchants being now done away with, it is understood that the British Consul will henceforth be security for all British ships entering any of the aforesaid five ports\"—the five ports opened in 1842 to trade. This, no doubt, explains the Hoppo's construction of our official liability.\n\nThe Instruments quoted have ceased to possess the force of a Treaty. Technically, the Chinese Government has no right to call on the Colony to co-operate with it in the protection of Chinese revenue. But I have thought it well to recall the fact that we were at one time sensible of the justice of a claim to our co-operation.\n\nIt has been made matter of complaint that the attention of the Chinese Government was directed to the loss its revenue was sustaining by its foreign auxiliaries in the Inspectorate of Customs. If so, the Inspectorate, in my opinion, discharged a simple duty. The Chinese Superintendent of Customs (the Hoppo, as we call him), remarking that there was no authority to control irregular trade between Hong Kong and the Chinese coast, as he, whether ignorantly or impertinently, put it, \"no Consul at Hong Kong,\" proceeded to control it himself. He, or the Canton Government, organized a fleet of steamers, and placed three custom-houses on three points of Chinese territory to overhaul all junks communicating with the Colony. I consider that the Canton Government herein exercised an undoubted right. The Government of China has an undoubted right, in my opinion, to see that Chinese junks carrying Chinese produce into Hong Kong have duly cleared from the Chinese port of export, and a right, equally good, to see that imports leaving Hong Kong pay what is due to the Chinese Government as import duty.\n\nThe form of proceeding resorted to at these custom-houses undoubtedly distresses the junk trade, and, through it, reflects an injury on colonial interests that gives the Colony some ground of complaint. It is to the change in form of proceeding, therefore, that I have addressed myself; but as the Chinese right to adhere to the present form is complete, it appears to me that our only escape from its irksomeness is through the discovery of a means, to which the Chinese cannot object, of otherwise securing them their lawful revenue.\n\nIt is complained that their cruizers have in some cases pursued Chinese junks into our waters, and have...\n\n# 121\n\n## Page 284 \n\n(End of text)", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-205 - Public Offices - 1882.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 502526, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-492 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1925 [12] - 1926 [1-5]", "page_number": 217, "title": "CO129-492 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1925 [12] - 1926 [1-5]", "content_text": "Nanking Treaty 1842\n\n211\n\nThere shall henceforward be peace and friendship between Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and His Majesty the Emperor of China, their respective subjects, who shall enjoy full security and protection for their persons and property within the dominions of the other.\n\nAn II. His Majesty the Emperor of China agrees that British subjects, with their families and establishments, shall be allowed to reside, for the purpose of carrying on their mercantile pursuits, without molestation or restraint, at the cities and Towns of Canton, Amoy, Foochowfoo, Ningbo and Shanghai.\n\nTientsin Treaty 1859\n\nThe Chinese Government will place no restrictions whatever upon the employment, by British subjects, of Chinese persons in any lawful capacity.\n\nWashington Nine Power Treaty 1922\n\nThe Contracting Powers agree that, whenever a situation arises which, in the opinion of any one of them, involves the application of the stipulations of the present Treaty, and renders desirable discussion of such application, then there shall be consultation among the Contracting...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-492 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1925 [12] - 1926 [1-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 503937, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-494 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [9-10]", "page_number": 433, "title": "CO129-494 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [9-10]", "content_text": "Great Britain and Ireland and His Majesty the Emperor of China, and between their respective subjects, who shall enjoy full security and protection for their persons and property within the dominions of the other.\n\nTREATY OF NANKIN.\n\nArticle II.\n\nCanton, Amoy, Foochow, Ningpo, and Shanghai opened to British Subjects and their trade.\n\nHis Majesty the Emperor of China agrees, that British subjects, with their families and establishments, shall be allowed to reside, for the purpose of carrying on their mercantile pursuits, without molestation or restraint, at the cities and towns of Canton, Amoy, Foochowfoo, Ningpo and Shanghai.\n\nTREATY OF NANKIN.\n\nArticle V.\n\nAbolition of Privileges of Hong Merchants at Ports of residence of British Merchants. Payment by China of 3,000,000 dollars for Debts due to British Subjects by certain Hong Merchants.\n\nThe Government of China having compelled the British merchants trading at Canton to deal exclusively with certain Chinese merchants, called Hong merchants (or Co-Hong), who had been licensed by the Chinese Government for that purpose, the Emperor of China agrees to abolish that practice in future at all ports where British merchants may reside, and to permit them to carry on their mercantile transactions with whatever persons they please; and His Imperial Majesty further agrees to pay to the British Government the sum of 3,000,000 dollars, on account of debts due to British subjects by some of the Hong merchants or Co-Hong, who have become insolvent, and who owe very large sums of money to subjects of Her Britannic Majesty.\n\n(a) Shamien, the small island in the Canton River on which most of the British subjects at Canton live, and which was leased from the Chinese Government as a residence for foreigners, is in some respects like a beleaguered post. Not an ounce of food is allowed in over the bridges from the city of Canton, which is just across a narrow creek. If British subjects leave Shamien, they are liable at any moment to be ill-treated by strike pickets. No Chinese are allowed by the strike pickets to enter Shamien.\n\n(b) Similar conditions prevail at Swatow.\n\nThe Strike Committee at Canton does not permit British merchants to carry on mercantile transactions with any persons whatsoever, and they confiscate British goods whenever found.\n\n* Particulars of a case in point are printed at the end of the despatch. See Note 2.\n\nSee also the CADMAN CASE, quoted later in the despatch.\n\nA list of outrages at Swatow is appended at the end of this despatch. See Note 3. See the second despatch printed later in this Paper.\n\nTREATY OF TIENTSIN.\n\nArticle XI.\n\nIt is agreed that British subjects may frequent the cities of Swatow and others. They are permitted to carry on trade with whomsoever they please, and to proceed to and fro at pleasure with their vessels and merchandise. They shall enjoy the same privileges, advantages, and immunities at the said towns and ports, as they enjoy at the ports already opened to trade.\n\nTREATY OF TIENTSIN.\n\nArticle XIII.\n\nEmployment of Chinese by British Subjects.\n\nThe Chinese Government will place no restrictions whatever upon the employment, by British subjects, of Chinese subjects in any lawful capacity.\n\nTREATY OF TIENTSIN.\n\nArticle XIV.\n\nHire of Boats by British Subjects. No Monopoly. Smuggling.\n\nBritish subjects may hire whatever boats they please for the transport of goods or passengers, and the sum to be paid for such boats shall be settled between the parties themselves, without the interference of the Chinese Government. The number of these boats shall not be limited, nor shall a monopoly in respect either of the boats, or of the porters or coolies engaged in carrying the goods, be granted to any parties. If any smuggling takes place in them, the offenders will, of course, be punished according to law.\n\nTREATY OF TIENTSIN.\n\nArticle XVIII.\n\nProtection of British Persons and Property.\n\nThe Chinese authorities shall at all times afford the fullest protection to the persons and property of British subjects, whenever these shall have been...\n\n* See Note 8.\n\n* British subjects at Swatow are completely boycotted. They are not allowed any servants. Their food has to come by sea. The British Consul is even unable to carry out his duties as an Emigration Officer under the Chinese Passengers Act. British property has been wrecked and plundered.\n\nThe Strike Committees at Canton and Swatow do their utmost to prevent any Chinese from serving any British subject in any capacity and have not stopped, in these efforts, at torture or even death.\n\nThe Strike Committees at Canton and Swatow prevent this from being done.\n\nInstances of breaches of this article have been referred to above. A particular case is that of Mr. H. Cadman, of the Asiatic Petroleum Company (South China) Ltd., and two Indian watchmen in the employment of that Company, who were kidnapped by strike pickets on the 18th December, 1925. These three British subjects were proceeding in a motor boat to get kerosine for Shamien from the Company's store at Fati, when their boat was stopped by an...\n\n413", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-494 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [9-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 504678, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]", "page_number": 547, "title": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]", "content_text": "82\n\nThe contracting Powers, other than China, assume a corresponding obligation in respect of any of the aforesaid railways over which they or their nationals are in a position to exercise any control in virtue of any concession, special agreement or otherwise.\n\nARTICLE 6\n\nThe contracting Powers, other than China, agree fully to respect China's rights as a neutral in time of war to which China is not a party; and China declares that when she is a neutral she will observe the obligations of neutrality.\n\nARTICLE 7.\n\nThe contracting Powers agree that, whenever a situation arises which, in the opinion of any one of them, involves the application of the stipulations of the present treaty, and renders desirable discussion of such application, there shall be full and frank communication between the contracting Powers concerned.\n\nARTICLE 8.\n\nPowers not signatory to the present treaty, which have Governments recognised by the signatory Powers and which have treaty relations with China, shall be invited to adhere to the present treaty. To this end the Government of the United States will make the necessary communications to non-signatory Powers and will inform the contracting Powers of the replies received. Adherence by any Power shall become effective on receipt of notice thereof by the Government of the United States\n\nARTICLE 9.\n\nThe present treaty shall be ratified by the contracting Powers in accordance with their respective constitutional methods and shall take effect on the date of the deposit of all the ratifications, which shall take place at Washington as soon as possible. The Government of the United States will transmit to the other contracting Powers a certified copy of the procès-verbal of the deposit of ratifications.\n\nThe present treaty, of which the French and English texts are both authentic, shall remain deposited in the archives of the Government of the United States, and duly certified copies thereof shall be transmitted by that Government to the other contracting Powers.\n\nIn faith whereof the above-named plenipotentiaries have signed the present treaty.\n\nDone at the City of Washington the 6th day of February, 1922.\n\n83\n\nANNEX XXII.\n\n(1.)\n\nExtracts from Treaty of Nanking (August 29, 1842).\n\nARTICLE 2.\n\nAmoy, Canton, Foochowfoo, Ningpo, and Shanghae opened to British Subjects and their Trade.\n\nHis Majesty the Emperor of China agrees, that British subjects, with their families and establishment, shall be allowed to reside, for the purpose of carrying on their mercantile pursuits, without molestation or restraint, at the cities and towns of Canton, Amoy, Foochowfoo, Ningpo, and Shanghae; and Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, &c., will appoint Superintendents, or Consular Officers, to reside at each of the above-named cities or towns, to be the medium of communication between the Chinese authorities and the said merchants, and to see that the just duties and other dues of the Chinese Government, as hereafter provided for, are duly discharged by Her Britannick Majesty's subjects.\n\nARTICLE 5.\n\nAbolition of Privileges of Hong Merchants at Ports open to British Merchants.-- Payment by China of 3,000,000 dollars for Debts due to British Subjects by Hong Merchants.\n\nThe Government of China having compelled the British merchants trading at Canton to deal exclusively with certain Chinese merchants, called Hong Merchants (or Co-Hong), who had been licensed by the Chinese Government for that purpose, the Emperor of China agrees to abolish that practice in future at all ports where British merchants may reside, and to permit them to carry on their mercantile transactions with whatever persons they please; and His Imperial Majesty further agrees to pay to the British Government the sum of three millions of dollars, on account of debts due to British subjects by some of the said Hong Merchants, or Co-Hong, who have become insolvent, and who owe very large sums of money to subjects of Her Britannick Majesty.\n\nARTICLE 10.\n\nTariff to be issued of Import, Export, and Transit Duties,\n\nHis Majesty the Emperor of China agrees to establish at all ports which are, by the Second Article of this Treaty, to be thrown open for the resort of British merchants, a fair and regular Tariff of export and import customs and other dues, which Tariff shall be publicly notified and promulgated for general information; and the Emperor further engages, that when British merchandize shall have once paid at any of the said ports the regulated customs and dues, agreeable to the Tariff to be hereafter fixed, such merchandize may be conveyed by Chinese merchants to any province or city in the interior of the Empire of China, on paying a further per cent. on the tariff value of amount as transit duties, which shall not exceed ... such goods.\n\nCHARLES EVANS HUGHES.\n\nHENRY CABOT LODGE.\n\n(L.S.) (L.S.)\n\nOSCAR W. UNDERWOOD.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nELIHU ROOT.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nBARON DE CARTIER DE MARCHIENNE.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nARTHUR JAMES BALFOUR.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nLEE OF FAREHAM.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nA. C. GEDDES.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nR. L. BORDEN.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nG. F. PEARCE.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nJOHN W. SALMOND.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nARTHUR JAMES BALFOUR.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nV. S. SRINIVASA SASTRI.\n\n(L.S.)\n\n(L.S.)\n\nSAO-KE ALFRED SZE.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nV. K. WELLINGTON KOO.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nCHUNG-HUI WANG.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nA. SARRAUT\n\n(L.S.)\n\nJUSSERAND.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nCARLO SCHANZER.\n\n(L.S.)\n\nV. ROLANDI RICCI,\n\n(L.S.)\n\nLUIGI ALBERTINI\n\n(ii.)\n\nExtracts from Treaty of Tien-tsin (June 26, 1858).\n\nARTICLE 11.\n\nOpening of Ports of New-Chwang, Tang-Chow (Chefoo), Tai-Wan (Formosa), Chau-Chow (Swatow), and Kiung-Chow (Hainan) to British Subjects and their Trade.\n\nIn addition to the cities and towns of Canton, Amoy, Fuchow, Ningpo, and Shanghai, opened by the Treaty of Nanking,† it is agreed that British subjects may\n\n• See declaration on this subject which follows the treaty.\n\n† See Article 2.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 586765, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-604-5 Immigration- control over entry from China 4-3-1948 - 6-1-1949", "page_number": 54, "title": "CO129-604-5 Immigration- control over entry from China 4-3-1948 - 6-1-1949", "content_text": "-3- \n\n54 \n\n(i) \"all persons, whether natives of China or otherwise, who may wish to convey goods, from any one of the 5 ports of Canton, Foochowfoo, Amoy, Ningpo and Shanghai, to Hong Kong, for sale or consumption, shall be at full and perfect liberty to do so, on paying the duties on such goods, and obtaining a pass, or port clearance, from the Chinese Custom House at one of the said ports\"; and \n\n(ii) \"should natives of China wish to repair to Hong Kong to purchase goods, they shall have free and full permission to do so; and should they require a Chinese vessel to carry away their purchases, they must obtain a pass, or port clearance, for her at the Custom House of the port whence the vessel may sail for Hong Kong.\" \n\nThere seems to me to be two possible interpretations of Article XIII. One might interpret it as an undertaking by H.M.G. which conferred \n\n(i) upon the Chinese and all other persons, the right to convey goods for sale or consumption from any of the 5 ports to Hong Kong and to enter Hong Kong without restriction for that purpose; and \n\n(ii) upon the Chinese as such, the right to go to Hong Kong to purchase goods and to enter Hong Kong without restriction for that purpose. \n\nThis, however, is in my opinion not the correct interpretation. Article XIII is, I think, an undertaking by the Chinese Government that they will permit all persons to convey goods from the five free ports of China to Hong Kong and will permit natives of China to repair to Hong Kong to purchase goods. This interpretation gains support from the terms of the Proclamation of 7th June, 1841, which, after declaring Hong Kong to be open to merchants and traders from China, goes on to declare that \"there will be an immediate embargo upon the port of Canton and all the large ports of the empire if there be the least obstruction to the freedom of trade and intercourse with the port of Hong Kong\". This shows that the tendency was for freedom of trade between China and Hong Kong to be restricted not by H.M.G. but by the Chinese Government and Article XIII of the Supplementary Treaty of 1843 accordingly states the extent to which the Chinese Government is prepared to permit such freedom of trade. In favour of this interpretation, too, is the fact that the restrictive conditions attached to the exercise of the rights granted by Article XIII are conditions which are in the interest of China and are, therefore, such as one would expect to be attached by the Chinese Government to the exercise of a right granted by it.\n\nThe conditions are that duties shall be paid on goods taken from any of the five ports to Hong Kong (this refers to Chinese export duties - see Article I) and that any vessel conveying goods from the five ports to Hong Kong and any Chinese vessel conveying goods for Chinese purchasers from Hong Kong to China shall have a pass or port clearance from the Chinese port from which it comes. Finally, if Article XIII were interpreted not in this way but as a grant by H.M.G. of a right of entry to the Chinese, it would be difficult to understand why it is not reproduced in the Treaty of Tientsin, 1858, (see sub-paragraph (d) below). \n\nIf my interpretation of Article XIII is the correct one, the Article confers no right of entry as against H.M.G. on the Chinese or anyone else; the entry of Chinese to Hong Kong is, as previously, at the pleasure of H.M.G. and permission to the Chinese to enter is granted not by any formal document (the proclamation of 7th June, 1841 having lapsed) but merely as a matter of practice. This seems to me to be quite a natural situation having regard to the fact that at this time it was H.M.G. which wished to promote, and the Chinese Government which wished to restrict, free intercourse between...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-604-5 Immigration- control over entry from China 4-3-1948 - 6-1-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]