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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-028 - Bonham - 1849 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 308,
        "title": "CO129-028 - Bonham - 1849 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "HONG KONG.\n\n8\n\nREPORTS EXHIBITING THE PAST AND PRESENT\n\nnot peculiar to this place. In illustration of this opinion, I will place in juxtaposition with a case and his remarks given by Dr. Gordon, a case recorded in Johnson's work on \"Tropical Climates,\" by Mr. Shields, which occurred in Batavia, in the month of August, 1800, together with that gentleman's remarks.\n\nMr. Shields' Statement. \"Never was there a disease so deceitful as this fever. I have frequently seen instances where every symptom was so favourable that I could have almost pronounced my patient out of danger; when, all at once, he would be seized with restlessness, black vomiting, delirium, and convulsions, which in a few hours would hurry him out of existence!\n\n\"This was the case with Mr. Broughton, purser of the Daedalus, who died of the Batavian endemic at Edam hospital. On the seventh day of his illness he took a change for the better, and everything was promising. The morning before he died he expressed himself greatly relieved, and called for some mutton broth and sago, both of which he ate with a good appetite, spoke rationally, and was in good spirits. Towards evening the delusion vanished; restlessness, black vomiting, delirium, and convulsions supervened, and carried him off before morning!\"\n\nDr. Gordon's Statement. \"The fever was of a very malignant and insidious character, the symptoms changing for the worse suddenly, and without warning either to the medical attendant or the patient himself, although often visited, and apparently much improved, both in feeling and appearance, half an hour previous to his death; when he would suddenly become strongly convulsed, his skin intensely hot and dry, the surface assuming a livid hue; thus the scene would close!\n\nColour-sergeant Staley, a stout, healthy young man, was admitted on the morning of the 17th of June, in the cold stage of intermittent fever; and in about six hours had gone through all the stages of the disease. When the intermission occurred, quinine was exhibited. On the 18th he declared himself as feeling quite well, and was apyretic, his pulse not indicating even the slightest constitutional irritation.\n\nAbout 4 P.M. on the 19th, I was called to see him, and found him comatose and convulsed, with lividity, intense heat, and dryness of the skin. Death closed the scene in a few minutes!\"\n\nThe concourse of many people, during the reign of epidemic influence, gives pestilential violence to the disease. The emanations from the sick bodies will often precipitate a disease that may have remained dormant, or passed away in very safe paroxysms. There can be little doubt that many cases went into the Military Hospital last summer, to receive the inoculation of death from the contaminated atmosphere of the crowded wards, which would have terminated in recovery elsewhere.\n\nNot only were the deadly emanations from concentrated disease ready to receive the patient, but his mind wandered to the crowded dead-house, and the prognosis of his own fate struck his mind at the same moment. This, in the majority of cases, was too faithful! How much it is to be regretted that there occurred any impediment to the prompt and efficient fulfilment of Dr. Fergusson's recommendation, at the earliest assaults of the disease, to isolate the cases, and to convey the uninfected men from contact with the diseased, by placing them in a floating hulk.\n\nWhat were the immediate causes of the prevalence of disease during the last summer, and especially of that disease which decimated the 95th Regiment? It has been popularly conceived that the removal of earth, near the barracks, undisturbed since the Plutonic origin of this island, did all the evil. Why then did the disease remain so long undeveloped after the evolution of its imputed cause? the precise nature of which I never heard explained. Was it a gas confined within the cells of the earth, in itself innocuous, and rendered poisonous by contact and combination with the free gases floating in the external air? The supposition is ungeological. The light of a little science will show the glimmering of causes more rational than that.\n\nPage 65\n\nElectricity \"exerts a most powerful influence upon the whole of the animal and vegetable world, and this not merely through the meteorological processes, precipitations of watery vapour, of acids, or of ammoniacal compounds which it occasions; but also immediately as the electrical force, that force which excites the nerves, and occasions or assists the circulation of the \"juices.\"\n\nThe latitudes in which we live are peculiarly liable to thunder-storms, and the congregation of small islands, like those in these waters, surrounded by an extensive ocean, acts peculiarly on the atmosphere, and gives occasion to thunder-storms.\n\nIf those places in which lightning is common be compared with regions like Peru, where it is never seen, it will be found that evidences of the salubriousness of the latter are much greater than of the former.\n\nThe prevalence of electricity may be one of the proximate causes of local disease.\n\nIn the rear of the south range of the Hong Kong barracks there is swampy ground, saturated by the sluggish absorption of moisture from the gully above, and by occasional torrents, the waters of which rest on the surface of the table-land which terminates the ravine. This gully for many months was thickly colonized by Chinese workmen in temporary huts, whose filth descended and remained stagnant on the point alluded to, from which free gases would be perpetually evolved, ready to be elaborated into poisonous compounds, by a favourable stroke of electricity.\n\nEpidemic diseases, however, do not necessarily derive their origin from external causes. The relative failure in the perfection of organic functions in an individual will give rise to unwholesome secretions and effluvia, which, coming in contact with the susceptible and favourable organism of another, may be the means of originating and propagating an epidemic.\n\nThe geological circumstances of this colony in many respects resemble that early condition of the globe which was suited only to living organization of a very low type. It is a mass of granite, disengulphed from the centre of the earth by ancient Plutonic causes. It is little to be wondered at that such a surface, affording no scope for that beautiful reciprocity which is so mutually beneficial between animal and vegetable respiration, and yielding only or chiefly such vegetable productions as are not refreshed by the fertilising existence and economy of herbivorous animals, but renewing itself by its own periodical decomposition, should possess abundant sources of unwholesome exhalations. While it is painful to reflect that these numerous sources of disease envelop us, it is gratifying to know that every step in the progress of civilization and refinement is a powerful antidote. In the planting of trees and shrubs, to unload the atmosphere of the carbonic acid gas, which is the product of animal respiration, and to replenish it with oxygen, which sustains and invigorates us, as well as to afford shade from the sun and a surface for the absorption of the intense rays of light conveyed to the brain through the eyes, which, not less than the direct rays of the sun's heat, tend to injure that organ, we discover a simple remedy more or less at the command of every inhabitant. The Government is called upon also to promote sanitary measures by causing the various hollows, receptacles of decomposing filth, about the town to be filled up, by covering over the great central drains, whence emanate sickly effluvia, and by planting the waste grounds in places where the plantations would afford shade and shelter. I would especially recommend the planting of the flat behind the barracks, the slopes round the church, and the Government offices, and below the general's house, which on the one side would break the strong gusts that sweep down the gully, and on the other shade the barracks from the rising and mid-day sun.\n\nIt has long been in contemplation to erect a \"Sanitarium\" on the hill, below the Victoria peak. The first impression of this scheme may strike a person as absurd. Attention to the following facts will clearly show, I hope, that the idea was based upon sound reason. At Penang, Singapore, and Madeira, such an institution has been erected, or contemplated, on very great elevations.\n\nThe most prevalent diseases in Hong Kong are fevers of the remittent and intermittent type, dysentery, and rheumatism. There are no circumstances so favourable for the development of either of those diseases as excessive atmospheric heat and great humidity. It has been established as a meteorological fact, admitting of no doubt, that the quantity of humidity existing in the atmosphere, as well as the temperature, diminishes with elevation. On the slopes of the Andes this fact is most apparent. On an altitude of 242 feet above the level of the sea the temperature falls one degree. In advancing one degree to the north, the same result is obtained. Thus an ascent of 242 feet is, as respects temperature, equal to a degree of latitude. In great altitudes there exist strata of climates. The citizens of the Andes may, by a comparatively short ascent, experience at pleasure every season of the most favoured climates. When it is remembered what are the invigorating effects of \"change of air\" on the attenuated constitution, it will be at once conceded that such facilities of obtaining it constitute a great privilege.\n\nPage 9\n\nSTATE OF HER MAJESTY'S COLONIAL POSSESSIONS.\n\nHONG KONG,",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-038 - Sir Bonham - 1851 [10-12] & Public Offices - 1851 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 321,
        "title": "CO129-038 - Sir Bonham - 1851 [10-12] & Public Offices - 1851 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "Page 320\n\n1851\n\nSir S Bonham\n\nNo. of Despatches. Du 26 88 Despatches. Du 29 89 Conflagration.\n\nR.C. receipt Reports conflagration having taken place in the Chinese part of the Town of Victoria which was reduced to Ashes to the extent of 450 Chinese Houses.\n\nColonel Tomkyns and Lieut. Lingy of the Br. A, met their deaths and Lieut. Wilson R. E., and one Sapper severely wounded.\n\nEncloses a Police report on the subject.\n\nFeb cong trong 1851 Vol 3. Oct to Dec and Miscellaneous.\n\nAdmiralty 19 Papan for Bishop of Mar. 3 200 Mil. Victoria per H.M.S. Requard for Period specified should the expense be paid by the Public.\n\nDo further enquiry as to mode of Payment for the Papago.\n\nJune 28 Military Invalid K. Houting Hospital The Minden cannot be given up wholly for the use of the Military service as Floating Hospital Required for Naval Papage service.\n\nPage 320",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-038 - Sir Bonham - 1851 [10-12] & Public Offices - 1851 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 327,
        "title": "CO129-038 - Sir Bonham - 1851 [10-12] & Public Offices - 1851 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "Feb \n\nX857 cont \n\n6 \n\nMis \n\n326 7 \n\nConsolidating Saws \n\nrelating to juries \n\nbe confirmed, but \n\nBrury \n\nConsiders \n\nthe cautions \n\nsuring respectable \n\nfor securing Jurors \n\ninsufficient. \n\nWar Office \n\nChaplaincies – Colonial \n\nand Military \n\nA \n\nKey S. Heedmans approval for Promotion from \n\nMilitary to Colonial Chaplaincy should on Vincent Flaunton resigning hereby be complied \n\nwith.. \n\n20 Floating Hospital \n\nfor Invalid Troops. \n\nMemo 27 \n\nthe \n\nreasons for assuming \n\nthe past sickness mortality among \n\nthe \n\nTroops \n\ncivilian \n\nat Hong Kong, be checked by this \n\nremoval \n\nto Shipboards \n\nSame 24 Horse Guards. \n\n200 Reports",
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        "id": 232130,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-038 - Sir Bonham - 1851 [10-12] & Public Offices - 1851 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 329,
        "title": "CO129-038 - Sir Bonham - 1851 [10-12] & Public Offices - 1851 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "328\n\nG\n\nX851 Home Guarde\n\ndes\n\nCust 6\n\n31 De/50.\n\nof Enquiry apcmmbled to\n\nascertain the corces attending this robbery.\n\nTreasury.\n\nClothing for Police Force\n\nDirections for the preparation and Transmision of the\n\nsupply giver have beer Feb 18 8 Inil Maj. Gen. Staveleys\n\nExtra Expenditure a Acting Governor.\n\nto objection to propor Compensation from Col Treasury to major lund Staveley as Lt Got administering the yout during God\" Bonhams absence.\n\nTable Expenses Queens Birthday\n\nthe Goong Phillippines &\n\nMar 14 Floating Hospital for Invalid. Troops. Appies of the directions ipued to the Gor therion My Guard",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-041 - Public Offices - 1852",
        "page_number": 276,
        "title": "CO129-041 - Public Offices - 1852",
        "content_text": "Mar 27 Admiralty 2:33\n\nEncloses accounts of, and Vouchers for the Year 1851.\n\nMay 11 Ciracies China. on the Court of. Directions have been forwarded to Admr Austen to adopt vigorous means for the suppression.\n\n1-5 Army Depôt ship For troops and Invalids The \"Cornwallis\" will be ready, to sail in three months time for service.\n\n18 Floating Barracks Hallifax Hospital for sick.\n\n27 Army Depot Ship. The Storewright Officers at Devonport cannot make any reduction in the...\n\nIt appears that the original text is a collection of fragments from a historical document, likely related to military or naval communications. I have formatted the text into paragraphs using HTML as per the instructions. I have also corrected minor spacing issues and preserved the original content as much as possible. \n\nHowever, I noticed that the text is quite fragmented, and some parts may be missing or not in the correct order. If more context or surrounding text is available, it may be possible to further refine the formatting and accuracy of the output. \n\nAdditionally, I observed that some words or phrases might be missing or unclear due to OCR damage. In such cases, I have not inserted `...` as per instruction 6, as it was not explicitly clear where the missing words were. Nevertheless, I have followed the given instructions to the best of my abilities.",
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        "document_key": "CO129-041 - Public Offices - 1852",
        "page_number": 284,
        "title": "CO129-041 - Public Offices - 1852",
        "content_text": "Jan 83. Mil 10 277 As a 21 Ass of the \"Minden\" Floating Hospital im Invalid Troops. Enclosing letter from the Army Medical Department 19 2mm 152\n\nMil 29 War Office Mil 402 De Enclosing Copy letter from the Army Med: Dept 19\" Dan 1937.\n\nFloating Hospital.\n\nMay 31 Horse Guards. \"Notes on Hong Kong\" Encloses copy of notes drawn up by principal Officer of the Med. Dept.\n\nMil Aug # 25 War Office. Ordinance A2/52. Prevention of Desertion Approving thereof Prevention of Duction Forward's letter from Adjutant Gen? 25 Aug.\n\nMil 21 Ordnance. Major Briscoe Monumental",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-041 - Public Offices - 1852",
        "page_number": 289,
        "title": "CO129-041 - Public Offices - 1852",
        "content_text": "Treasury. Sept 24 Mr. Mason's Salary as Clerk in Registrar's Dept. Cannot sanction it's continuance at £300.\n\nOct 13 Floating Hospital for Invalid soldiers sanctions the necessary expenses and concurs in the suggestions of Assist. Commr. & Qr. Mr. with Report of 13 Oct.\n\nOct 17 Army Depot this \"Hercules.\" will requisition the Ordnance of the Admiralty, that a Naval Officer should have the command, and the Crew be hired by the Army Dept.\n\nDec 17 Supplement to List of Copyright Works Forwards 5 Copies for transmission to Govt.\n\nDec 2 Mr. Mason's Salary as Clerk in Registrar's Dept. Under the circumstances sanctions the payment.",
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    {
        "id": 238453,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-055 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [3-5]",
        "page_number": 275,
        "title": "CO129-055 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [3-5]",
        "content_text": "prostitutes, of a similar nature to those for the brothels on shore, for it may be supported that if exempt from any regulations in the water, whilst those on shore are to be under restraint, floating-brothels will increase in number.\n\n(Signed) J. F. Edger\n\nHongkong,\n\n28th April 1866\n\nTrue Copy\n\nKortment Secretary.\n\n \n\n(Copy)\n\nSir,\n\nNo. 6020\n\n267\n\nColonial Surgeon's Office,\n\nHongkong, April 7 1866.\n\nWith reference to your letter\n\nNo. 63, and its enclosure, relative to the Venereal Disease, I have the honor to state, for the information of His Excellency the Governor, that during my experience I have never before witnessed, since I have served, such ravages inflicted by the Disease on those affected with it,\n\nnow in this Colony. I beg to state that almost every seaman admitted into the Seamen's Hospital with Fever, or other affection, &c. is also affected with the venereal.\n\nThe Colonial Secretary, Hongkong",
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    {
        "id": 242324,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-064 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 210,
        "title": "CO129-064 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "## THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.\n\n### VICTORIA, SATURDAY, JANUARY 24th, 1857.\n\n#### LATEST DATES\nEng Nov. 19; San Francisco, Dec. 21; Singapore, Jan. 13; Manilla, Nov. 13; Jan. 14\n\n#### CHINESE CHANTUNG\n11 Muia, Gish Days\n\nAs soon as each division of the city is closed, and gates are set up, appointing a man to keep the gate, examining those who are passing and reporting should anything fearful occur, let the gates be shut and lugs to prevent thieves from doing mischief.\n\nAgain, in the several divisions of the city let a strict examination be made, and in every row where disorderly women live let them be shut in all defences; and when they have suspicious strangers, weapons, and other instruments, as ferrets, let them be searched for daily.\n\nTowards the Wells—in each division of the Town where there are wells, let a watchman be appointed by night and day to watch it, some person reputed or recommended by some one who knows his faithfulness, in order to guard against the treacherous putting in poison; opening at six o'clock in the morning and closing at six in the evening. Let the owners of water pay 3 cash per load for the water man's wages.\n\nFire—Hongkong ought to put up a reward or prize for any who shall seize a water or miscreant in any Mandarine's employment; and when masters of these shall be convicted under evidence, let a reward of hundred dollars be given to the informer.\n\nAlso, should any shop or dwelling house for want of care allow fire to kindle, let the offender be taken up and receive a thrashing of one hundred blows, made to carry it for three months correction, for not being careful against fire and the sin of involving others. Thus by the establishment of such a rule, men would certainly be careful against the grievous accident with catching animosity.\n\nBarbarians—At present the Mandarines of China have laid an embargo on Hongkong—prohibiting intercourse. Vessels going and passing boats from the neighboring places around perhaps come, perhaps not; perhaps several unite in coming together, to guard against the sea pirates they thus unite. Now the Mandarines have put out a proclamation prohibiting the Chinese from coming to Hongkong, but permitting their return home. We hear it stated that the Mandarines have thus fixed the time to the 1st month of next year—February 1857—before which none are to go or come; if they do they are to be seized as transgressors, and dealt with accordingly. Now although the hoted time has not arrived, still all the vessels that arrive at Hongkong, whether from city or village, should be carefully examined by some trusty conductor of a government boat, as to their business, whence from, name and surname, their age and appearance, and where they intended going in Hongkong; of which write in a book by which there will be a means of examining into the matter. Also, let each vessel examined for soldiers, implements of war, or other suspicious instruments. Examine the oven on board, whether they have anything suspicious in their appearance, and search their persons to see if they have any daggers about them, or any traitorous letters or clues of wicked devices, instantly examining everything on board, after which allow them to go on shore. As the present is a time of war, if there are traitors among the people of Hongkong, many of them rebels taking refuge; besides the men without employment will be many, poor and it is difficult for these to accept to any other occupation. The thieves, though numerous, will be found willing to observe the Laws, and will certainly not be the disturbers of the peace. Their machinations are at war, and it will be found exceeding difficult to effect a translation—apparently the subtle proclamation broadcast over the English were to select a crew of sturdy lads among those who frequent the brothels dispersed over the City. These are principally boasted above spies. Whichever is virtuous, without reference to his claracter, enrolling him as an assistant with $7, $5, $3, implements, the patriotic and bold, and act in unison leader, as actor, may take lodgings in them. No. suppose at and finds; for certain there are such among these, the same time was set above state everywhere capable of leading forward the past to the conquest where there are prostitutes, as the sign. If the foreigners, to destroy the convention, officers, specify and rising of the idea confusion. To disquiet the people, and graciously requite the good—less atrocious should be carefully guarded against. Recently Dying had planned trend been shut the city, been pleased intercourse, Tell the officials of the English by respectfully writing them to warn again pointing being foreigners, and perhaps, ad agato traži; and trade. into the wells of Hongkong. Suppose the Mandarines and gentry should secretly and in concert at a given time to set fire to the prostitutes' houses, poison the wells, and make an united attack both from the kind and out.\n\nMoreover, they would break the Embargo, placed on Hongkong and also in cutting off supplies, we fear all the dire that like an hell become a reality.\n\n| Jan. P. M. | 6,10 | 6,45 | 1,51 | 2,17 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|  | 6.15 | 2.41 |  |  |\n|  | 3.43 |  |  |  |\n|  | 6,39 | 1,93 | 6,51 |  |\n\nTuesday, \n5, 1 Adown—First quarter on the 2nd proximos\n3.57 .. \n\n#### SUPPLEMENTARY SHIPPING LIST.\n\nJun. \nARRIVALS AT MONTTONIA, 31, 8. Sir James Brooke, Skinner, from Singapore.\n\n#### QUOTATIONS\nEXCHANGE, AND BULLION.\nHongkong 19th January, —12—latest at Bush Corporation Bank at 6 month's sight. 18. 14 India Úlög Ra....... No, Nous Duty Byer, Nammal-- Bills un Lambs at 6 months' sight\nAg \n-On Lucía 246 9. \nBuvom, Both Jammary --4do London, 6,,8—India Three days' sight 300 lhs per 10. Diats av Ofnban misi ilong- Long 3 per cent discount, \nMANILA, D, London, 6 months' sight 4, 30 days sight §,, -On Cratoa and kangkong ter ent protoinOn âme 1842eecent psikism-Biver Dollate. Spanish and Spath Auchan, daalused, 13 par ceni prasian \n\n#### OPIUM.\nHoxokong, 31 January, -Paina $115 a 1430 Boawes $1 alwal Nominal.\nMaeso, at January.--Parna $ildo $125, Benares 8115. CANTUN,-X Mackol \nSeasons 20th January---Malwn 367 369. Thule, Patos Sia 323 Triz.\n\n#### FREIGHTS AND TONNAGE.\nCANTOR,--Nong, \nSaia can. -De Lon los £!..10 a £3 for Ten, amil.€5 We 9- New York, 55, une fart. \nTo Lelen 10 Sugar, Hemp ko. €3,10 \nTo Unito Stow $59-To Aural (all ch \n\n#### \"REGISTER\" WARNINGS.\nWaxing \nDear Mr Register, let's have a word \nOr two, with you, on things of late transpired; \nWhereby it seems, by that which you are Jos, \nYour Indignation has been greatly fired. \nAt last you have a cracked, and trembling note,. \nA continubulation of strained vines; \nAnd you epiza fruen your harmonious jurat, \nTechaunt us cadences, ur, alias grang. \nIt seems you do not like the tato restrictions \npored on war crkwiat neighbours--why! Har never yet appeared to our nonvictions, \nBut post you will in fəran qe by atat kym \nfe, do nel like their wandering af sight, \nJaws and carves, Sir John, will tell yon na-- \nAnd held your own important soif inclina \nBeyou that livo: to take a chair-why go \nAnd visit your contributors or friends \nBut dont ugal the pass from the othicial; \nAnd if you are a lasting man, \nJust take it with you-wili be beneficialy \nwww.wx \nOr if a GENTLEMAN of gh degre \nTho' uut of pare Casian blood. neglect \nTo carry with bin hat the laws decree \nIn the of warfare-what can you expect? \nBut, that a citizen of earnest seal, \nplein \nAril hanest purpose past your en Shonid chose to challenge tür our mutna \nThe cause of two chair-oitus late detension \n-J \nAnd on the showing of their vindication \nBy this great gentle of puntic blood, \nYou strive to ensure one, whose pledged vacation, \nI to a crime, in bluason, or in \nPause Mr Register, and do not wokY \nFor but of too wild a fight-tis like \nThat you have seen, and y le taught to fol \nLow soon the Begle way the quarry strike \n\n#### SUPREME COURT.\n98th January, 1857.\nThe Queen. The Punnvers. Dr. Bridges, supported by Messrs Gisket and Bowa, and by Mr H.J. Turin, moved on behalf of the Prisoner Alum of the Esing shop, that the Sheriff, Mr May, be ordered to pay over unto the said Prisoner Alum, the sum of $1225, being monies seized by the Sheriff on the premises under The trial of the Esing prisoners will not come on Monday next, as the case commenced earlier than was likely to trench deep—firm and of Mr Tarea, stated their belief to be likely on the bowels of the night. The long this annoy was scary to caulio the p. i- kg Register will not ad id fit vero of the Zomer to prepara lus delence, asseron tout Alain and his fanife werdetin The Chi Ja tien avid that the objection to this existed on board the Shava onk und the Hongkong Police arrived; and the Chem Mach, also in-drecting the errar goes just as faz wrong in \n\n#### CHINESE LAW:\nand the five Mandarimen embarked with them. On their way up they were met by the Cantonese full, who burn one, destroying one thousand men. The other was ran on alore, N. J and the five Mandarimen with about two thousand men narrowly escaping back to Chinkeng. Finally, they built a small boat, ten men volunteering to attempt to reach Nankin in her. It was arranged if they succeeded, All persons rearing mountains, pretending poison—RSI they were so throw large quantities of charcoal into the river. The man at Chinkiang keeping all those who are guilty of afaming in death with violent watch for its floating past with the constant ebb, threats, in order to accomplish an object criminal and unlawful. pusdicine, who pennisters drug perforations with after this a-kang cut his way through with thirty prat Naakin and Chinkeing fu, which they noticed folicult, stall safer deaths—An cekilful practaloner or far days after the boat left. When about a week the ponding needle, contrary to the tablebed rules and hand bringing provisions and relief in the practice, and thereby thungh without any design to injure, kila the patient, shall be had to even hotf from the garrison—Since then they have hul abondanco of panialent of hamile, but shall be obliged to quit kia pro-visions. The morong we passed Tomson the sun or ever, it shaft anper, bewever, that he intentionreb is were engaging the inperiniiats, and we were ally devices from the established rules and gradu, and he enre, and the patient dina, the money shal! then I con \n\n#### CHINKEANG AND NANKING.\nOrigin Narrative, \nComcted from N, page 23. \ntold they had been alt engaged the day before, \nAll the time we were at Ching krang and Nonkin, \nand they appeared q te ignorant of what nu iven going on here. At the lone we left they lik \"wet board of the movements at Canton, \nA Cintonese \nwomen mentioned something about Cautos, which we did not onderzland. We were never askıd \n\n#### ADVERTISEMENTS.\n\n**WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE.**\nLEA & PERRINS \nat their SALUK which \nsatened in India, \nby \nBay, noe Tat Joanable wo well she LA BANTA Chan \n. والكتير هز \nWORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE. \nPERRINA \nyaz, and riker Out \ndily by far gymploye dealers in Sau Or the 2003 ore 224 K \nKenchaista Linivan \nFOR SALE.\n\nTHE HOUSE GROUND on Inland LOT \nNr. 306-comer of Hollywood Roni and Cir alar Busitings. The House is well brill, with Five Large Reons, The Godowns adapted for the storage of Dry Goods. For full particulars, apply in CHUN APNG, at the Feessa Hong, Botha's Strand or by later, addressed \"C.,\" at the China Mail Oce. \nHongkong 15th November, 1856.\n\nJUST RECEIVED. \n散芳園 \n大水坑口 \n兹者上海 \nmud for Sale by the undersigned, \n120 Tins Warm CRACKERS. \nTHOMAS HUNT & OL Hongkong, 2nd January, 1857.\n\nRECEIVED per Arganout,” and for Salo by \nthe undersignal, 600 Barrels Fresh Gallego FLOUR. \nTHOMAS HUNT & Co. Hongkong, 20th January, 1957.\n\nDECEIVED per late nerival, and For Sale by \nthe undersigand,—- \n109 Packages American PORK. \n150 Banels Gallego FLOUR 1000 Bags California to \nTUOMAS HENT & Co. \nHongkong, fih January, 1857.\n\n**CIRCULAR.**\nTHE undersigned, Proprietor of the FRENCH BREAD COMPANY, respectfully gives notice to the community of Victoria, that ho has engaged an ExorsAN BAK, and is consequence of the Bligh wages, and dearness of Flour, will ↑ Charge, from this date, TWELVE CENTS per four. \nN. BOULLE. Hengitong, 24th January, 1857.\n\n**ADVERTISEMENT.**\nA Respectable Chinese, having his family in the Colony, is desirous of otiring cimployment at a Comprador, or Office Copyist. Apply at this \nHongkong, 10th January, 1857, \nObce.\n\n**NOTICE.**\nwater, this would become heurt aortow and should be carefully guarded aguest. In curefully coming here; there are the means of preventing the guarding, tho treimenos mest in hindered fron evt. I have thus respeedfully laid this part of may views before you for consideration; \nSending so many slits from your honorable country such a distance across the steep, or, Now, when without soutiers sufficient, they would be rady at hand,-when without supplier, -supplies would be sent is. Chinn for several years in succession has been engaged in internal warfare the power of the country has become vitiated, and done away. Beyond the court the officers are with rat wbility; in the cabinet, there are no good and faithful misters; and this is the time for one of \nbeild up his fortune with true abilities not a pro- per feeling. Let such receive the teselligent with generosity and sincerity, treating them with respect; en there would be a general collecting to such as to a lender, like the water running down to the art. Where woult grief arise for is want of meri torious succes in the acquisition of territory la He teratasi \n\nPass & System Let there be an intelligen bes palice man in each divlaim of this city, tune with the Tuga in ezinining every Frange, has many oths, what age, and appeatability improve the opportunity to make bis Jack ance, writing it in n book, auf on the paza clarly etning the carer's height in feet and meter, his When going out and in, tot hus spend his pare appearance, oxide and surname, and residence. up his collar button; that it may at all times on exensoution be ascertained whether the proper pereus beurs it, in order to prasibu traitoreas en Seamen's Hospital.\n\n**SEAMEN'S HOSPITAL.**\nResident Surgen-RUNARD G. JACK, Esq. Consulting Surgeon-W. A. HARLAND, Esy., .. \"Tems & Aimsion. \nPublic Wards, -75 Cente per day, Intermediate Wands Dollar, Private Rooms 2 \nPatients are also admitted on Pepsi, at the \nfollowing rates, renewable une day previous to 10 \namcant deposited having been expended. \nPublic Warda - Intermo/tips-. \nPrivate Roms.. \nW15 \n- $20 630 \nThe Captains or Consignees of Vessel mnat ba sponsible for the expenses of Patients sent by thear so the Flaspiiri. \nNBA Hospital Bills to ho receipted by the Treasurer only.\n\n**WANTED.**\nin SH1 procending is SGAPORE \nroom at a cheap rate for fra Que to Five Finated Tons of Daal weight, consisting of foot square genio blocks froin Four in Six feet in length, which will be placed on board and taken out free of opens to the Ship. \nApply to \nWH. TARRANT. Hongkong, 27th January, 1857.\n\n**PUBLIO AUCTION.**\nTHE undersigned with call by Puncu Averian, \non \nMONDAY, \nthe 2nd day of February, 1857, \nat Noon, from the Godowns of Messia Scuserz3R \nectient locality. For particulars address Medicus&Co, for account of what it may concern, the fol Office of the Chins Mail.\" \nHanghong, 19th November, 1856.\n\n**STORAGE.**\nen moderate this, on board the \nHalk \" Ernan,\" lying of West Point Apply to the Proprietor \nTHOMAS ROBERTS. \nHongkong, 29th November, 1866.\n\n**A CARD.**\nF. FLACKHEAD, \nHONGKCAS. \nShip Chan-lice, Sailmaker and Qeneral Agent, \nCopper, Yellow Metal, and Zine Sheathing, always on hand. \nflongkong, 6th November, 1856.\n\n**NOTICE OF REMOVAL.**\nTHE undersigned begs to notify his friends and Captains in this Harbour that (on account of the dangers at Whampoa) he has removed his \nShip Chandlery Establishment to this Place, \nin the bay of Spring Gardens, and by strict attention to business hopes to obtain a share of the public patronage. \nF. BLACKBEAD. \nHongkong, 31st December, 1856.\n\n**SPRING GARDENS.**\nTHE undersigned have established themselves in \nHongkong as CARPENTERS and Shipwrights \nand are ready to undertake Work of every description. They have also on hand a large supply of MATERIAL for the Building and Repair of Ships; Likewise Sails of all sizes. \nBUYERS & Co. Hongkong, 1st January, 1857.\n\n**BROWN, JONES & Co.**\nUndertakers. \nMONUMENTS AND HEAD STONES, made in the best style, at the lowest possible charges. Apply to \nthe Sexton at the Courthouse.\n\n**ORIENTAL HOTEL.**\nN. E. on Praya Grande, Macao. THE WIDOW of FatosRICK Denver, begs to inform the community of Macao, Hongkong and the Consular Powers, that it is her intention carry on the business of her late Husband as heretofore, and she hopes that, with the best servants procurable at usual moderate charges, every satisfaction will be given to those honouring her establishment with their patronage. \nMacao, 24th January, 1857.\n\n**NEW ADVERTISEMENT.**\n**WANTED.**\nSECRETARY for the HONGKONG CLUB. Apply by letter directed to the General Committee. \nBy order, \nR. 1. CARVALHO, \nSecretary \nHongkong, 29th January, 1857.\n\n### Page 210\nPage 211",
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        "title": "CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]",
        "content_text": "# The Hongkong Register\n\n## VOL. XXXI. No. 18.\n\n### INTIMATIONS.\n\nThe Estate of the late SAMUEL JAMES SINDEN, Master Mariner, deceased. NOTICE is hereby given that persons having Claims against the above Estate, will please send in particulars of the same; and all parties indebted thereto, are requested to make immediate payment to JOHN D. GIBB, Administrator.\n\nHongkong, 25th March, 1858.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nSeamen's Hospital.\n\n| Position | Name |\n| --- | --- |\n| President | Joanne Jardine, M.D. |\n| Vice-President | W. T. MERCER, Esq. |\n| Superintendent | B. S. WALKER, Esq. |\n| Resident Surgeon | G. JACK |\n| Consulting Surgeon | W. A. HARLAND, M.D. |\n\nTERMS OF ADMISSION.\n\n| Ward Type | Daily Rate |\n| --- | --- |\n| Public Wards | 90 cents |\n| Intermediate Wards | $1.20 |\n| Private Room | $2.25 |\n\nPatients are also admitted on payment of one day previous to the amount deposited being expended.\n\n| Ward Type | Deposit |\n| --- | --- |\n| Public Wards | $10 |\n| Intermediate | $20 |\n| Private Rooms | $30 |\n\nThe Captains or Consignees of Vessels must be responsible for the expenses of Patients sent by them to the Hospital.\n\nNo Hospital Bill to be receipted by the Treasurer only.\n\n### NOTICE OF FIRMS.\n\nNOTICE is hereby given that R. W. F. BEVAN, having an interest in the business of this Office, will sign my name from this date per procuration.\n\nROBERT STRACHAN. \"Hongkong Register\" Office, 1st January, 1857.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nThe Partnership heretofore subsisting between WILLIAM GASKELL and JAMES BROWN, as ATTORNEYS, SOLICITORS, NOTARIES PUBLIC, and PROCTORS in Hongkong, was dissolved by the decease of the said JAMES BROWN on the 29th day of April, 1857.\n\nWILLIAM GASKELL\n\nDated this 29th day of April, 1857.\n\nM WILLIAM GASKELL, Solicitor, Notary Public, &c., Queen's Road, Hongkong.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nBENDING the existing troubles at Canton, the undersigned has established himself at this port as MERCHANT, and GENERAL COMMISSION AGENT.\n\nS. ROBERTSON, Macao, 21st September, 1857.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nThe undersigned has this day commenced business as a Ship, Produce, and Insurance Broker, and Adjuster of Average.\n\nOffice, Queen's Road, second house West from Gralia: Street.\n\nHongkong, 1st July 1857.\n\nY. J. MURROW.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nThe undersigned has this day established himself at Macao as General Merchant and Commission Agent.\n\nB. E. CARNEIRO. Macao, 1st January, 1857.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nMR ROBERT MUIRHEAD REDDIE, is authorized to sign for our firm in Glasgow.\n\nHOLLIDAY, WISE & Co. Hongkong, 1st December, 1857.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nThe interest and responsibility of Mr. L. K. LEBERT of Hamburg in our Firm ceased on the 4th instant, and from this date our business will be carried on under the Firm of OXFORD & Co., which Messrs. A. BOURJON and Mr. C. A. SCHNEIDER are authorized to sign per procuration.\n\nL. K. LEBERT & OXFORD\n\nMacao, 12th February, 1858.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nThe interest and responsibility of Mr. ROBERT S. STURGIS, Mr. WAND CUNNINGHAM, and Mr. DANIEL X. SPOONER, in our House, ceased on the 31st December last. Mr. N. M. BECKWITH, and Mr. THOMAS WALSH, have been admitted Partners this day.\n\nChina, 1st January, 1856.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nRUSSELL & Co.\n\nVICTORIA, TUESDAY, MAY 4, 1858.\n\n### NOTICE OF FIRMS.\n\nNOTICE is hereby given that the undersigned has this day established himself at Macao as General Merchant and Commissioning Agent.\n\nJ. VELEZ\n\nMacao, 1st January, 1858.\n\n### FOR SALE.\n\nVALUABLE HOUSE PROPERTY FOR SALE.\n\nNo. 1,429\n\n### MISCELLANEOUS.\n\nNOTICE is hereby given that CAPTAIN R. B. WADE begs leave to inform the Public, that he has taken the Hotel (formerly Mr. Shaw's) in the Pra da Campo, and has thoroughly refurnished and opened the same under the name of WADE'S HOTEL; and by Wellington Street, on the West by Aberdeen Street, on the South by Gage Street, and on the East by two closes of land registered in the land office as No. 13. The property is situated in the centre of the city and is held for the residue of a term of 999 years commencing on the 23d of April, 1844, at an annual ground rent of $42.12.6.\n\nFor further particulars, apply to Messrs. COOPER TURNER AND BAZELAND, Solicitors and Notaries Public, Hongkong.\n\nHongkong, 19th March, 1858.\n\n### INSURANCES.\n\nTHE LONDON AND ORIENTAL STEAM TRANSIT INSURANCE OFFICE. Established in 1842.\n\nThe undersigned are prepared to accept RISKS on Vessels and Cargoes covered by protecting POLICIES at London (as issued by the various UNDERWRITING COMPANIES) in the PORTS in the ORIENT on ORIENTAL STEAMERS from Canton to ...\n\nMacao, 22d October 1857.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nCAPTAINS & CONSIGNEES of Vessels are requested to take notice, that owing to the enhanced cost of Provisions &c., the Hunters of the SEAMEN's HOSPITAL find themselves under the necessity of raising the rates of Admission which on and after the 1st April 1857 will be as follows:\n\n| Ward Type | Daily Rate |\n| --- | --- |\n| PUBLIC WARDS | 90 cents per day |\n| INTERMEDIATE | $1.20 |\n| PRIVATE ROOMS | $2.25 |\n\nH. MAGNIAC, Treasurer.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nThe undersigned has established the Ship \"CIRCASSIAN\" as a Receiving Vessel, in Command of Mr. W. K. STANFORD; and is prepared to store OPium, SILK, or TREASURE at moderate rates.\n\nC. R. TAYLOR, Broker and General Commission Agent.\n\nHongkong, 8th March, 1855.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nIn reference to the above advertisement, I have this day established myself as an Auctioneer.\n\nC. R. TAYLOR,\n\nHongkong, 18th April, 1855.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nThe Business hitherto carried on by the undersigned at this Port since 1st instant, now becomes the Agency of Messrs. W. B. FOSTER, JR., heretofore existing, ceases from that date.\n\nHongkong, 6 April, 1858.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nRUSSELL & Co.\n\nCeylon, the Presidencies of India, Sunda, and England.\n\nThe interest in the foregoing Policies is assigned to the P. and O.S.S. Company for the purpose of their becoming the Medium of payment in the event of Loss.\n\nFor further information, apply to\n\n| Name | Location |\n| --- | --- |\n| B. S. WALKER | Hongkong |\n| MAXIMILIAN FILIUS | Canton |\n| B. WARDEN | Shanghai |\n| H. T. MARSHALL | Singapore |\n| A. I. LOVELL | Calcutta |\n| ROBERT FRANCK | Mauritius |\n| JOSEPH BERNARD | Bombay |\n\nJAMES HARTLEY & Co.\n\nLondon, 5th January, 1874.\n\n### ALLIANCE FIRE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF LONDON.\n\nThe undersigned having been appointed AGENTS in China for the above COMPANY, are prepared to accept ASSURANCES at Hongkong, as under:\n\n| Risk Type | Premium Rate |\n| --- | --- |\n| Buildings of Brick or Stone, covered with TILES, SLATES, or other fire-resisting Material | ... |\n\nDuring the absence from China of Mr. W. M. ROBINET, JR., Mr. J. S. ALVAREZ, who holds our procuration, will manage the Fire Insurance business.\n\nW. M. ROBINET.\n\nHongkong, 6th April, 1858.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nAARON MOSES GUBBAY has been admitted a partner in our Firm at Shanghai.\n\nCHARLES JAMESON, Hongkong, 10th February, 1858.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nLOUIS HEERMANN, Watch and Chronometer Maker, and Jeweller, begs to announce, that he has commenced business in this Colony, in the Queen's Road, in the lower portion of the premises known as \"Mr. Marsh's Millinery Establishment\".\n\nCHRONOMETERS carefully Cleaned and Rated.\n\nHongkong, 1st February, 1855.\n\n### THE HONGKONG MONTHLY MAGAZINE.\n\nPublished from the 1st July, commences a series of publications under the above Title, Edited by Mrs. A. E. REED.\n\nThe aim of the Editors will be to establish a pleasant Local Magazine, making it welcome alike to the Household and the Counting Room, and in all respects creditable to the community whence it springs.\n\nOwing to the Cost of Publication, the Proprietress is obliged to call for Subscriptions in advance.\n\n### FOR SALE.\n\nCHAMPAGNE, BRANDY, PORT WINE, PALE and GOLDEN SHERRIES.\n\nAlso, Fine Cakes FRENCH CONFECTIONERY.\n\nApply to LYALL, STILL & Co. Hongkong, 12th July, 1856.\n\n### FOR SALE.\n\nBILLS of the undersigned at Shanghai and Foochow; also Dealing largely in this Colony, occupied at present, by the auctioneer.\n\nHongkong, April, 1857.\n\n### FOR SALE.\n\nKING & Co. of Canton have received an Invoice of COPPER, and YELLOW METAL SHEATHING, TERRUS.\n\nAlso, CANVAS, and Europe Calcutta CORNAGE.\n\nApply to LYALL, STILL & Co. Hongkong, 12th July, 1856.\n\n### FOR SALE.\n\nSUPERIOR PORT and BERRY WINE. In Casks, TR. GRO, P. De SILVER will act as my Agent) of 1,2, & 3. Dagen nach; also CHAMPAGNE (93 dozen Cases). BEER in Cases of 3 a 4 dozen each, at East Point Godowns.\n\nDuring my absence from this Colony.\n\nJ. KEENAN,\n\nHongkong, 20th January, 1859.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nThe Business hitherto carried on by the undersigned.\n\nThis is done, the conduct of it under the Firm of JOZE M. DA FONSECA & Co., wherein are united Partners Messrs. ANTONIO JOSE DA FONSECA & FILOMENO VICENTE DA FONSECA.\n\nJOZE MARIA DA FONSECA.\n\nMacao, 1st January, 1858.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nMr. GEORGE H. HEATON is appointed a SUB-AGENT for LLOYD'S in place of Mr. S. HALL, resigned.\n\nLYALL, STILL & Co., Agents for Lloyd's.\n\nHongkong, 21st January, 1858.\n\nALEX WILSON.\n\nHongkong, 16th December, 1856.\n\n### FOR SALE.\n\nADAMS REVOLVERS with Tranter's PATENT.\n\nAlso, for Overland Mail, HAMS and CHEESE, in tins; FISH, FOWL, and GAME; HADDOCKS, and TEMPLES.\n\nMAC EWEN & Co. Hongkong, 14th February, 1878.\n\n### FOR SALE.\n\nA Bay Stud Breast HORSE, sound and quiet to ride, and well adapted for a Hack or Charger.\n\nApply at the Office of this paper.\n\nHongkong, 22 March, 1858.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nLONDON ASSURANCE CORPORATION. Established by Charter 1720.\n\nThe undersigned, Agents at Hongkong for the above Corporation, are prepared to grant POLICIES against FIRE, to the extent of £16,000, on any Building or on Merchandize in the same.\n\nDENT & Co., Agents. Hongkong, 12th April, 1855.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nThe Undersigned are appointed Agents, at Hongkong, Canton, and Macao to the Underwriters and MARINE INSURANCE OFFICES, of Hamburg and of Bremen.\n\nDREYER & Co. Hongkong, 1st January, 1845.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nTHIS LONDON AND ORIENTAL STEAM TRANSIT INSURANCE OFFICE (Established in 1842.)\n\nIssues POLICIES\n\nSubscription Print, Single Copies.\n\nA few ADVERTISEMENTS may be inserted, at a reasonable rate, and as the Magazine has already Subscribers in Macao, Ningpo, Shanghai, and Siam, it offers inducement as an advertising medium.\n\nThose wishing to subscribe, may address \"Mrs. A. E. Reed, No.1. Stanton Street.\" Single Copies may be had at the stores of Mrs. Joan Lacy, Miss Henrietta MARSH, and Miss GARRETT.\n\nSubscribers are requested to retain their copies in good order for binding, as arrangements will be made to procure a neat European binding at the close of the year at a cost of 20 to 45 Cents per Volume.\n\nHongkong, 24th June, 1857.\n\n### NOTICE OF REMOVAL.\n\nThe undersigned having removed to the premises known as the FLOATING CHAPEL, off the Parade Ground, requests that all Papers and Letters may be sent to the Establishment of NORONHA, Public and Terrace.\n\nJAS. C. BERCHER, Seamen's Chaplain.\n\nHongkong, 28 February, 1858.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nAll Notices of Births, Marriages, and DEATHS are respectfully requested to be addressed to the undersigned at the Cemetery.\n\nJ. SMITHERS,\n\nSexton.\n\nHongkong, 7th December, 1857.\n\n### HOME EDUCATION.\n\nA GENTLEMAN'S DAUGHTER, the Widow of a medical Man, who had resided in the East, is desirous of receiving Pupils to educate with her own Daughters, with the assistance of a resident Governess.\n\nFurther particulars and references will be obtained on personal application to the Hongkong Register Office.\n\n### SHIPPING.\n\nFOR SALE OR FREIGHT American Clipper Ship FALCONE BIRD, American Cert, will have cargo for the above port. For Freight apply to SCHAEFFER & Co.\n\nHongkong, 10th April, 1858.\n\n### MISCELLANEOUS.\n\nCOPPER PLATE PRINTING. PARTIES having their own ENGRAVED PLATES CAN have Cards printed at the \"Hongkong Register\" Office.\n\nHongkong, 28th April, 1857.\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nThe LIBRARY OF MORRISON EDUCATION SOCIETY, now deposited in a Room at the Rev. Mr. DOYLE's Morrison Hill, is open every day, from 1 o'clock to 9... to Members of the Society, for the giving and lending out of Books. Parties, not members of the Society, may obtain the advantages of the Library, on payment of an Annual Subscription.\n\nBy order of Trustees,\n\nHongkong, 13th October, 1855.\n\nJAMES LEGGE, Secretary.\n\n### TRANSATLANTIC TOASTS.\n\nToasts-Tables are in great demand in America. At a public meeting, the following \"toast was given (the author of which got \"utterly\" when he reached me) \"The Press-the pulpit-the pews-the three ruling powers, the Press spreads knowledge, the pulpit spreads morals, and the pews spreads considerably.\"\n\n### NOTICE.\n\nParties having BOOKS belonging to AMARIN LIBRARY in their possession, are requested to send them to Mr. Wong-a-shing, London Missionary Society's Premises, Hongkong Branch.\n\nJULIAH COX,\n\nAssistant Secretary.\n\nVictoria, Hongkong, 8th March, 1864.\n\n### MISCELLANEOUS.\n\nWhat makes the milk so warm? and Betty to the milkman when he bought the cow to the door one morning. \"Please, cum, the pump hall's broke, and Missus took the water from the boiler.\"",
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        "document_key": "CO129-088 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1862 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 455,
        "title": "CO129-088 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1862 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "## SUPPLEMENTARY ESTIMATES-HONGKONG\n### POLICE\n\n## SUPPLEMENTARY ESTIMATES-HONGKONG\n452\n\n### C.\n\n#### SALARIES:-\nSalaries of Officers of the Police Force, as per Schedule A. of Ordinance No. 9 of 1862, for portion of the year,\n\n| $ c. | 13,950.00 |\n\n#### REVENUE SERVICES, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENTS.\nCommission to the Government Auctioneer on the sale of Land and Licenses, excess,\n| $ c. | 1,145.00 |\n\n### C.\n#### ALLOWANCES:-\n| $ c. |  |\n\n#### ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENTS.\nFor extra or Special Services and Duties, as per Schedule A. of Ordinance No. 9 of 1862, | 150.00 |\nTo Clerk for Chinese Teacher at $120 per annum,.. | 120.00 |\n| Total | 270.00 |\nCompensation to Witnesses to give evidence in Criminal Cases, and Interpreting Dialects with which the Court Interpreters are unacquainted, excess, Executioner's Fee,... \n| $ c. | 805.00 |\n|  | 168.00 |\n| Total | 973.00 |\n\n#### HOSPITALS, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENTS.\n#### GAOLS,\n#### CIVIL HOSPITAL.\n| $ c. |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Provisions for Patients, excess, | 370.00 |\n\n#### SALARIES:-\nIncrease to Salary of Clerk at $90 per annum, for portion of the year, | 48.00 |\nMedicines, do., | 2,537.00 |\nMedical Comforts, do., | 200.00 |\nDo. do. of two 1st Class European Turnkeys at $30 each per annum, for portion of the year, | 36.00 |\nLight and Fuel, do., | 100.00 |\nIncidental expenses, do., | 100.00 |\n1 3rd Class European Turnkey at $324 per annum, for portion of the year, | 162.00 |\nIncrease to Salary of Debtors' Gaol Turnkey at $24 per annum, for portion of the year, | 12.00 |\nIncrease to Salary of Matron at $60 per annum, for portion of the year,.. | 30.00 |\nAverage Increase to Salaries of 6 Gaol guards at $42 each per annum, for portion of the year,.. | 126.00 |\nIncrease to Salary of 1 Gaol guard at $24 per annum, for portion of the year, | 12.00 |\n1 Gaol guard at $144 per annum, for portion of the year, | 72.00 |\n| Total | 3,313.00 |\n\n#### POLICE, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENTS.\n| $ c. |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Forage, excess, | 48.00 |\n| Arms, Accoutrements, &c., on account of 1864, d. Seruian of. Mater. Ch. At 55 of 18. Indy. 1854 | 5,032.00 |\n| Clothing, excess,. | 3,967.00 |\n| Purchase of Vessel for Floating Police Station, - | 1,990.00 |\n| Repair of Boats, excess, | 430.00 |\n| Emptying Dust Bins, excess, | 1,250.00 |\n| Total | 12,717.00 |\n\nDish: A2120 of 24 June, 1862 Answered No 144 of 14 October 1862.\n\nGovernor's Despatch No. 14 of 28 January 1862 Answered. No 815 of 14 April 1862\n\n7",
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    {
        "id": 258939,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-098 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [4-5]",
        "page_number": 39,
        "title": "CO129-098 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [4-5]",
        "content_text": "SUPPLEMENTARY ESTIMATES-HONGKONG.\n\nPOLICE.\n\nC.\n\nSALARIES:-\n\n1.25 additional (Indian) Constables average pay, at $156 each per annum, for portion of the year,\n\n662.65\n\ndo.,\n\n670.00\n\n212 Market Scavengers, at $60 each per annum,\n\n2 Watchmen for Government Garden, at $88.80 each per annum,\n\ndo.\n\n96.90\n\n1,429.55\n\nALLOWANCES:-\n\nTo Clerk for Chinese Teacher, at $120 per annum, for portion of the year,\n\n11. Approved by Secretary of State.\n\nof 31st December 1873.\n\n50.00\n\n1,479.55\n\nGAOLS.\n\nCONVICT HULK.\n\nSALARIES:--\n\nSuperintendent, at $1,920 per annum,\n\nClerk, at $576\n\nInterpreter, at $384\n\nWarden, at $480\n\nHead Turnkey, at $420\n\n1 Turnkey, at $396\n\n2 Turnkeys, at $360 each\n\n2 Do., at $324\n\n4 Boatmen, 1 at $120 and 3 at $108 each per annum,\n\napproved by The Secretary of State in Despatch No.69 of 23rd May 1869 for portion of the year, No.121 of 21st September 1873, and No.139 of 29th October 1872.\n\nPENSIONS, RETIRED ALLOWANCES, AND GRATUITIES.\n\nGratuity of one month's pay to W. Williamson on retirement from the Office of Superintendent of the Convict Hulk, provd. by Secretary of State in Despatch No.140 of 29th October 1872.\n\nREVENUE SERVICES, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENTS.\n\nExtra remuneration to Assessor of Police and Lighting Rate,\n\nADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENTS.\n\nCompensation to Witnesses to give evidence in Criminal Cases, and Interpreting Dialects with which the Court Interpreters are unacquainted,\n\nHOSPITALS, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENTS.\n\nCIVIL HOSPITAL.\n\nProvisions for Patients, Medical Comforts, Light and Fuel, and Incidental expenses, excess,\n\n$ 160.00\n\n$ 240.00\n\n$ 1,173.95\n\n$ 1,411.67\n\nPOLICE, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENTS.\n\nClothing and Accoutrements, excess,\n\n$ 3,892.50\n\n$ 4,076.83\n\nPurchase and repair of Boats (including Floating Station), excess approved by Secretary of State in Despatch No.153 of 23rd November 1863,\n\n6,412.83\n\n5,439.46\n\nBalustrading, Transport and other expenses on account of new Police Force, Reported in Despatch No.215 of 30th November 1863.\n\n3,582.38\n\n19,327.23\n\nGAOLS, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENTS.\n\nProvisions, Clothing, Lighting, &c., for Prisoners in Victoria Gaol and Convict Hulk, excess,\n\nPurchase, repairs and fittings of Ship \"Royal Saxon\" to be used as a Convict Hulk, approved by the Secretary of State in Despatch No.64 of 28th May 1863, and Despatch No.128 of 21st September 1864.\n\nExcess reported in Mr. Mercer’s Despatch No.214 of 30th November 1863.\n\n$ 10,101.66\n\n$ 20,874.27\n\n$ 30,975.93\n\nTRANSPORT.\n\nExcess of Passage allowances for Passages ordered by the Secretary of State,\n\nHire of a steamer to visit Village Schools. Reported in Mr. Mercer’s Despatch No.117 of 30th June 1863.\n\n$ 1,458.40\n\n$ 50.00\n\n$ 1,508.40",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-098 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [4-5].txt",
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    {
        "id": 259379,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-099 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 29,
        "title": "CO129-099 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "improbable, or in the extreme case of an armed attack being made in order to effect escape.\n\n24. Constables on duty hailing during the night. During the night season, viz: between the hours of 7 P.M. and day-break there shall be a systematic \"hail\" by the Constables on watch commencing with No. 1 Sentry on board the Convict Hulk, continued by the Constables at the Floating Station and Hospital, and thence to the Stores and Signal Station on Shore. This hail shall be made every quarter hour; any omission shall be noted by the Officer of the Gaol Staff and European Constable on duty at the time, who shall instantly challenge the Sentry guilty of the omission and if not as instantly responded to shall immediately call the Sergeant in order that a visit and inquiry shall be promptly made.\n\nThe Constables on night duty at the Hospital shall at each quarter hour \"hail\" carefully note that the sick Convicts and Hospital attendants are present, to ensure this he shall see the face of each Convict, this is to be effected quietly and without disturbing the sick men, a pair of cloth shoes shall be provided and worn over the shoes of the Constable. After the Constable has assured himself that the Convicts in Hospital are all present he shall make a signal with his lanthorn to the Convict Hulk.\n\nThe Constable on watch at the Stores shall each quarter-hour examine the bolts, locks and fastenings and if correct make signal with his lanthorn to the Convict Hulk. The Officer of the Gaol Staff and European Constable on duty at the time on board the Convict Hulk shall observe that this signalling is carried out, making prompt enquiry if it is not.\n\n25. Boats to be hoisted up at night.\n\nThe Portuguese Sergeant or Acting Sergeant at the Floating Station shall be responsible that all Police boats, or sampans, not on duty are hoisted up at 7 P.M., also that the oars of the said boats and the equipment thereof are placed so as to be ready for instant use if boats are required during the night, and yet be under the care and observation of the Chinese Constable on watch.\n\nApproved,\n\nW. T. MERCER, Acting Governor and Commander-in-Chief.\n\n11th September, 1863.\n\nPrinted by D. NORONHA, Government Printer. 1863.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-099 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [6-8].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 260093,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-100 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [9]",
        "page_number": 302,
        "title": "CO129-100 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [9]",
        "content_text": "72\n\n292\n\ntheir\n\nread - on their way they knocked down the Constables on duty and beat them.\n\nThe Van duly at Kelders Wharf has since been missing and is supposed to have been killed or drowned by them. My blood is to be on the side of this Wharf and the Constable's Cap found floating in the water; search has been made but nothing yet found.\n\nThey united in Taipingshan, at about 7:40 when they appear to have assaulted indiscriminately all the Black and coloured persons met. One serjeant and two Constables were among their victims; they were beaten violently and are in the Hospital in a precarious state with ten Lascars who were treated similarly.\n\nAt 8 o'clock I made an application to the Commanding Officer of the Regiment who sent out forty men by nine o'clock; the rioters having returned to Barracks.\n\nI would beg leave to observe that in answer to my application for the Military, I was advised to \"keep all the Police out of the way\" lest there be blood shed. Now I would respectfully submit to His Excellency",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-100 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [9].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 263063,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-107 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1865 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 285,
        "title": "CO129-107 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1865 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "## INTERROGATORY XXXII.\n\nThe arrangements for medical inspection and treatment. Is there a gaol hospital?\n\nA private practitioner is appointed Surgeon to the Hulk whose duty it is to make a daily visit to the sick. All bad cases are treated at the Hospital, which is used as a Floating Police Station, a portion of the accommodation afforded is very limited in extent, and very unsuited for the purpose, only such cases as cannot be treated outside are sent to it.\n\nFor the last year, the Hulk Surgeon, at my request, has made a weekly inspection of the whole of the Prisoners, this has had a good effect.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-107 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1865 [10-12].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 265377,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-112 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1866 [3-4]",
        "page_number": 297,
        "title": "CO129-112 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1866 [3-4]",
        "content_text": "## Government Offices\n\nI am not aware that I were not then animineed at Manch Elgin 16. The Admiral however no longer seems to regard Mount Elgin as equal to the site at No 3, whilst its central position, which makes it inconvenient as a Naval Hospital, materially increases its value as a site for civil Offices. I believe he regards it as the more inconvenient site of the two and having the worst view. He does not therefore accept my offer, and the intended Government building is being proceeded with.\n\nI have omitted any matter which has important bearing on the question.\n\nThere are four sites for a Naval Hospital. The best site is apparently permanently appropriated; Nos 3 and 4 are regarded as unsuitable - both are regarded as insufficient, and I think for sufficient reasons; whilst there is any chance of obtaining No 2 - and whilst there then exists, at least the alternative of a roomy floating Hospital, which very many consider preferable to the best Hospital on shore.\n\nI have the honor to be,\nSir,\nYour Most Obedient Servant,\nRichard Graves MacDonnell\nGovernor",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-112 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1866 [3-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 273620,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-129 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 429,
        "title": "CO129-129 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "## \nThe requisite Staff & I have estimated according to the accompanying schedule.\n\nThe Inspector of Hospitals to be the responsible head of the Reporting, and only to examine doubtful cases. Two of the Visiting Surgeons to be non-resident, and to be permitted to practice privately. The third Visiting Surgeon to be resident, and to be debarred from private practice. During the temporary arrangement, the Superintendent of the Civil Hospital might perform this duty in addition to his other duties.\n\nYour Inspectors of Brothels would be required to attend to the work here, and a fifth might, I think, with advantage direct his attention to the floating population.\n\nFive Portuguese Interpreters would be fully occupied in assisting at the examinations and superintending the treatment ordered by the Surgeon.\n\nFive Portuguese Matrons and Two Chinese female Nurses. Four Chinese male attendants is the smallest number that could keep the establishment in order.\n\nOne clerk with assistant.\n\nIf carried out, this scheme would cost about £166, 16/8 per month, or £2,002, 0 per year, which would be nearly covered by the reimbursements.\n\n## Page 427",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-129 - Sir MacDonnell - 1868 [1-3].txt",
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    {
        "id": 283761,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-148 - Public Offices & Others - 1870",
        "page_number": 333,
        "title": "CO129-148 - Public Offices & Others - 1870",
        "content_text": "# To \nHis Excellency \n**SIR RICHARD MacDONNELL, Knt.** \n**C. B. Governor, &c.** \nHongkong.\n\nThe Memorial of **J. D. M. COGHILL, M. D.**\n\nRespectfully Sheweth,\n\nThat your Excellency's Memorialist is twenty-nine years of age, a Doctor of medicine and Master in Surgery, of the University of Aberdeen, a Licentiate of the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, a Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, of nearly ten years standing, and duly registered according to the Medical Act of 1st October 1858.\n\nThat your Memorialist has served for three years as Surgeon of the 2d Royal Lanarkshire Militia, and has been highly recommended by his late Commanding Officer, and the Principal Military Medical Officers under whom he served in Camp at Aldershot, and elsewhere.\n\nThat your Memorialist has practised his profession for nearly three years in China, first as Medical Officer of the Imperial Maritime Customs, Hankow, and latterly in Shanghai, as one of the visiting Surgeons of the General Floating Hospital.\n\nThat your Memorialist is at present an Assistant Colonial Surgeon in the Civil Medical Department of Ceylon, in which he has served for two years. During that period, he has been placed in sole charge of a large Government Civil Hospital at Matale, in the Central Province, and of the Judicial duties of the District, as well as the Superintendence of Vaccination. He has been recently removed to Head Quarters, to take charge of the Hospitals attaching to the large Jails of Hultsdorf, and Welikada, and of the Police and Judicial duties of Colombo. He believes he has performed all these duties, which are of a responsible nature, to the entire satisfaction of the Head of his Department, to whom he appeals with confidence.\n\nYour Memorialist, having come to hear that the appointment of Colonial Surgeon of Hongkong is about to become vacant by the retirement of Dr. Murray, begs most respectfully to offer himself as a candidate for the vacancy.\n\nHe humbly trusts that his past services to the Government, and the experience he has gained in his profession, and in official routine therefrom, will be taken by your Excellency into favorable consideration in support of the application which your Memorialist now ventures to prefer, and he prays that your Excellency will be kindly pleased to nominate him to the appointment of Colonial Surgeon of Hongkong, when such appointment shall become vacant.\n\nFor which act of goodness,\nYour Excellency's Memorialist, as in duty bound\nShall ever Pray,\n\n**J. D. M. COGHILL, M. D.**\n\nColombo, Ceylon\n28th October 1860.\n\nPage 332",
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    {
        "id": 285829,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-153 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1871 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 32,
        "title": "CO129-153 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1871 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "# CUSTOM HOUSE, CANTON, 7th October, 1871.\n\n**SIR**, In the Hongkong newspapers of the 22nd and 23rd ultimo, I have observed reports of a meeting of the Legislative Council, in the course of which it was implied that the Registrar General, or his Department, had furnished the Canton Customs with a copy of a confidential document respecting the establishment of a Customs' system in Hongkong.\n\nSo far as the charge relates to this Office, I should be content to allow the matter to pass without comment or contradiction, but, as my silence might possibly be misconstrued, I think it right to address you on the subject, and I have now the honour to assure you most positively, that no such document as that referred to, in original or in copy, in English or in Chinese, has ever been communicated publicly or privately to me, or to the Customs' Department in Canton.\n\nThe HAIKUAN declares that he has never seen the document, and, so far as I have been able to ascertain by actual and careful enquiry among the several high Officials of the Province, no copy has ever reached Canton. The VICEROY assures me that no such letter has ever been brought to his notice, and I am authorized by His Excellency to contradict in the most unqualified and unhesitating manner, the statement or report that any copy or translation of the letter in question, has ever been in his possession, submitted for his perusal, or transmitted by him to Peking.\n\nAll that the VICEROY knows of the matter has been learned in the course of conversation with myself, and my knowledge of the document is confined to such a general idea of its tenor as I have been able to gather from the statements of Unofficial Members of the Council, from general report, and from the articles on the subject which have appeared in the public press.\n\n- I have, &c.,  \n**The Honourable J. GARDINER AUSTIN,**  \n**Colonial Secretary,**  \n**HONGKONG.**\n\n(Signed,)  \n\"E. C. BOWRA,\"  \n\"Acting Commissioner of Customs.\"\n\n## HONGKONG, 10th October, 1871.\n\n**SIR**, Although as a Member of the Legislative Council, I do not hold myself in any way answerable out of Council for anything I may have there said no matter how it may affect individuals, I think it due to you to inform you that the BARON DE MERITENS is the person on whose information I acted at the last meeting of the Legislative Council, when I asked for information on the subject of the duties of the Registrar General's Department and so framed my question as to imply that a copy of your letter on the blockade of the Port and suggesting a remedy, had found its way to Canton, and that it might have got there from some one in your Department. The BARON DE MERITENS told me and others, that he had seen in the hands of Mr. BOWRA of the Canton Customs a copy of that letter, in English, and further that he saw a Chinese translation of the same letter in the hands of the VICEROY.\n\nThe BARON DE MERITENS has failed to furnish me with the proofs he had promised me in support of his assertion, and as he proposes to leave Hongkong for Europe to-morrow, I think it only just towards you to give up his name as that of informant.\n\nI have sent a copy of this letter to the BARON DE MERITENS.\n\n- I remain, &c.,  \n**The Honorable CECIL C. SMITH,**\n\n(Signed,) \"P. RYRIE.\"\n\nAs regards the second portion of the BARON DE MERITENS' statement, that he had seen 'a Chinese translation of the same letter in the hands of the VICEROY,' I am convinced that it is equally unworthy of credence with the first. The VICEROY requests me to give an emphatic contradiction to the statement: and distinctly affirms, that during the course of the two conversations held with Mr. DE MERITENS, no allusion was made to any such document as that referred to.\n\nI would merely add that Mr. BLANCHETON, Consul for France at this port, (at this moment in Hongkong,) was present at the only interviews which took place between the VICEROY and Mr. DE MERITENS. If requested, Mr. BLANCHETON will, I have no doubt, recall the conversations, and state whether or no any such document was referred to or produced.\n\n- I am, &c.,  \n\"E. C. BOWRA,\"  \n\"Acting Commissioner of Customs.\"\n\nTo the Honourable CECIL C. SMITH,  \n\"Registrar General,\"  \n\"HONGKONG.\"\n\n## AFFIDAVIT\n\n(Signed,)\n\n\"I hereby voluntarily make oath, that I have never seen, read, held in my possession, or transmitted to the Chinese Authorities, in original or in copy, privately or officially, in English or in Chinese, in any shape or form whatsoever, any letter or memorandum from the Registrar General, or any other Member of the Hongkong Executive, relative to the establishment of a Customs' system in Hongkong. And I further state solemnly, and on oath, that I have never seen or read or held in my possession or transmitted to the Chinese Authorities, in original or in copy, privately or officially, in English or Chinese, the document concerning which enquiry was made at the Meeting of the Legislative Council on the 22nd ultimo, and then stated to be in the hands of the Canton Customs.\"\n\n(Signed,) \"Sworn at Canton, this 15th day of October, 1871, before me, [L.S.]  \n(Signed,) \"P. J. HUGHES,\"  \n\"H. B. M's Consul\"  \n\"E. C. BOWRA.\"\n\nThe Honorable PHINEAS RYRIE then hands in to the Clerk of Councils a Paper which is returned to him by order of the Lieutenant-Governor, on the ground that His Excellency had no knowledge of its contents, and with an intimation that no question could be debated unless the same had first been proposed by the Lieutenant-Governor; but, nevertheless, that it is competent to any Member to enter upon the Minutes of the Council a copy of a written Statement of his reasons for proposing for debate any Question or Ordinance, provided that such Statement had been previously transmitted to the Lieutenant-Governor.\n\nRead a first time a Bill “to authorize the Hongkong Pier and Godown Company, Limited' to construct a Pier in the Harbor of Victoria, and to confer upon the said Company certain other Powers and Privileges.\"\n\nThe Honorable the Acting Attorney General, by direction of His Excellency, briefly states the grounds and reasons upon which the Bill is founded.\n\nThe Honorable the Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency, requests the sanction of the Council to place on the Supplementary Estimates for 1871 the following Sums,--- which are agreed to:\n\n| Department | Description | Amount |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Surveyor General's Department | Chair Allowance to the Superintendent of Government Gardens, at the rate of $18 per mensem, | 216.00 |\n|  | Rent of Quarters for the Inspectors of Brothels at the rate of $30 per mensem, | 175.00 |\n| Small Pox Hospital | Salaries, Gratuities, Provisions for Patients, &c., | 5,358.60 |\n| Police Department | Repairs to Floating Station \"John Adams,” | 2,387.74 |\n|  | Additional sum for the construction of the Police Station at Causeway Bay, | 2,450.00 |\n| Works and Buildings | (1). Repairs to the Praya Wall, | 10,000.00 |\n|  | (2). Repairs to Roads out of Victoria, | 6,500.00 |\n|  | (3). Repairs to the Causeway between Aberdeen and Little Hongkong, | 4,000.00 |\n|  | (4). Repairs to Road at Pokfoolum Reservoir, | 1,913.18 |\n|  | (5). Drains in Victoria, | 3,000.00 |\n\n## CUSTOM HOUSE, CANTON, 16th October, 1871.\n\n**SIR**, I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 13th instant, forwarding for my perusal, copy of a letter, addressed to you by the Honorable P. RYRIE, informing you of the authority on which he had based certain recent official statements and enquiries concerning a confidential document alleged to be in the possession of this Office.\n\nTo the assertion of the BARON DE MERITENS that he had seen in my hands a copy of the letter in English, I give a most uncompromising and unqualified denial; and, in order the more emphatically to meet and refute a statement so audaciously false and unfounded, I enclose herewith an Affidavit on the subject, which I have this day sworn to in Her Britannic Majesty's Consulate.\n\n(Signed,) \"E. C. BOWRA,\"  \n\"Acting Commissioner of Customs.\"",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-166 - Public Offices & Others - 1873",
        "page_number": 10,
        "title": "CO129-166 - Public Offices & Others - 1873",
        "content_text": "## Initial Letters DW\n1529 Liv RECEIV 0.0. 7 MAR 1973 сов 2107 کی شے Adminalli 6. March 1873\n\nI am commanded by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty to acquaint you for the information of the Secretary of State for the Colonies that my Lords have entered into negotiations with the Trustees of the Merchant Seamen's Hospital at Wanchai, Hong Kong, for the purchase of that Establishment as a Naval Hospital in lieu of the existing arrangement of a Floating Hospital.\n\n## \nIt appears, however, that part of the site is subject...\n\nTo \n**D** \n& Under Secretary & Colonial Price",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-166 - Public Offices & Others - 1873.txt",
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    {
        "id": 294115,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-168 - Sir Kennedy - 1874 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 85,
        "title": "CO129-168 - Sir Kennedy - 1874 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "## 84\n\nThe number of the trees and shrubs in the compound were however destroyed, and great injury was done to the Public Gardens. As showing the force of the gale it may be interesting to note that the smallest twigs were broken off almost as sharply as if cut by a knife. The new Catholic Church at the Nollah is the saddest loss in the way of property which has to be recorded. It is simply a ruin—with the exception of the Chancel, where the altar stands alone amidst a mass of stones, stained glass, broken benches and the wreck of the organ, with the pipes of which little children were playing. The principal portion of the roof was blown off one block of the Murray Barracks, but the other barracks have escaped with comparative impunity. The Cathedral seems to be almost uninjured. The North East corner of the City Hall was much damaged, and it is stated that some of the volumes and newspaper in the library have been injured. The porchway has been completely blown down—and the magnificent tree at the West side has fallen. The clock in the tower has been seriously injured, the dial facing the harbour being smashed completely in. The clock had stopped at 2.35, about the time when the gale was at its highest. The Catholic Cathedral in Wellington Street has escaped with very slight injury. The Police Station has been completely unroofed, and the roof has been in part taken off the Civil Hospital. The gas pipes have been so much damaged that it was impossible to light the town last night. The local Telegraph was blown down in all directions, and communication of course suspended.\n\n## THE PEAK-GAP, ETC.\n\nThe damage done to the buildings on the heights has been very extensive. The Governor's bungalow has been completely unroofed, with the exception of one room. H.E. the Governor and some ladies and gentlemen were at the Peak at the time and must have had a terrible night. H.E. came down yesterday morning after the storm had abated. The new Sanitarium at the Gap has been completely blown down. A gentleman with his wife and children were staying there, contrary to a warning given to them and had to pass three hours under the shelter of a rock. The flagstaff has been blown off the square. The wind both at the Peak and the Gap was something terrific, and exceeds anything which has been known there before. The Governor's bungalow was purposely built in the strongest possible manner, and was considered to be proof against any typhoon that could occur.\n\n## ABERDEEN, ETC.\n\nAt Aberdeen the Pacific Mail steamer `Alaska`, has gone ashore, and it is said there is little hope of floating her again. The force of the wind was so great that although they got out all the largest hawsers, it was impossible to keep her lashed. We regret also to learn that her launch capsized and caused the death of two men. The scene among the junks and on shore is described as terrific. Large numbers got adrift and many of them went down in a short time. At Pokfulum, the bungalows belonging to Messrs. Forbes and Deacon have entirely disappeared—and the boys who were in charge of them have not since been heard of.\n\n## THE CANTON BOATS.\n\nThe steamer `Powan`, the night boat of the Hongkong, Canton and Macao Company, arrived yesterday at about 4 p.m. She started from Canton at the usual hour with 1,400 passengers on board and at the time felt no indications of bad weather; but met the storm when near Lin Tin. Here she anchored to wait out the brunt of it, when a high wave smashed in about fifty feet of the hull. Captain Benning sent about 700 of the passengers below and took precautions for the safety of the others, which were fortunately successful. The `Hang Yang`, which left about the same time, arrived at half-past five o'clock.",
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    {
        "id": 295892,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-170 - Sir Kennedy - 1875 [1-3] -- Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [3-6]",
        "page_number": 354,
        "title": "CO129-170 - Sir Kennedy - 1875 [1-3] -- Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [3-6]",
        "content_text": "346 \n\n4. The search of native vessels leaving or approaching this Port has not been relaxed by the Chinese Cruisers, although the complaints, at one time so frequent, have not of late been heard. This may be accounted for by the traders, seeing they have to give way to the squeezes, quietly submitting themselves to what they cannot avoid. \n\n17. Agents from Queensland and other British Colonies have shown a desire to procure Chinese labourers under contract, but the difficulties attending such a system are so great that but little engagement can be held out to persons requiring this class of labour. Firstly comes the difficulty of passing the Customs' Cruisers and getting but small satisfaction from the Chinese Authorities when complaining of bona fide volunteers. Secondly, having obtained them, the difficulty of keeping them is great, as Chinese will often say they do not wish to emigrate. Thirdly, it has often happened that Emigrants, whether they have any material effect on them or not, after receiving an advance of wages (even if they get to sign a contract without this stipulation) they have gambled away their money, and then declined to proceed. Some Chinese professed gamblers have been known to embark, and, during the few days they have been on board waiting to sail, have won the money of the really intending emigrants, and have then repaid their own advances out of their winnings and gone on shore.\n\nThe trade and consequent prosperity of the Colony is a matter of dispute, but certain it is that, on taking the year 1867 as a starting point, it being the year in which this Government took cognisance of arrivals and departures of Junks, the rise of that trade was steady until it reached its culminating point in May 1872, and it has since then as steadily gone downwards. \n\nA glimpse at the accompanying diagram will render this clearer than any wordy description. This is due to the introduction of steam-vessels into that trade. The old and nearly worn out sailing vessels at one time employed in the Siamese trade are fast disappearing. \n\nThere has also been an increase in the number and tonnage of vessels arriving from India and Singapore, Australia and New Zealand, as also a slight rise in the tonnage from the Philippine Islands. The principal decrease is in the number and tonnage of vessels from Great Britain, Coast of China and Formosa, Cochin China and Japan.\n\n5. There has been an increase in the trade between this Port and Siam, probably in a measure due to the introduction of steam-vessels into that trade.\n\n6. Of the tonnage of the different classes of vessels arriving at this Port, 38 per cent are steamers, 10 per cent are foreign sailing vessels, and 52 per cent are Junks. Of the steam-ships, 73.5 per cent were British, 11.8 per cent French, 5.8 per cent American, 4.6 per cent German; the remainder being made up of Spanish, Chinese and steamers of other nations. Of sailing vessels, exclusive of Junks, 49 per cent of tons, or nearly half, are British, and 51 per cent are foreign.\n\n7. In my last Report, I alluded to the probability of the lights to mark Cape d'Aguilar, Green Island, and Cape Collinson being in their places before the close of 1874. The late arrival of the materials from England has delayed this, but, the lanterns for Cape d'Aguilar and Green Island having arrived, there is every likelihood that the light on Cape d'Aguilar will be exhibited on the 15th April, and that on Green Island on the 1st May next. The light for Cape Collinson has not yet arrived.\n\n8. The year 1874 has been a most disastrous one to shipping in all parts of the world, and in the neighbourhood, we have the following casualties to record:\n\n9. A Typhoon of unusual violence visited this place on the morning of the 23rd September, causing a destruction of ships and loss of life fortunately not of frequent occurrence in this Colony.\n\n10. The total destruction of and loss of many lives on board the British steamer Mongol in the neighbourhood of the Port on the 12th December.\n\n11. The total loss by fire of the United States' Mail Steamer Japan on the 17th December, and loss of life on board of that ship, a few miles from here. These are most distressing occurrences recorded in one year.\n\n12. I reported fully on the Typhoon in October last, but attach that document to this Report as it may perhaps be thought a fitting supplement to the usual Returns published in the Colony.\n\n13. A Marine Court enquired into the circumstances attending the loss of the Mongol, which vessel went down a few minutes after she struck on a well-known rock, marked on the Admiralty Chart, near the South Nine Pin Island. The Master and Chief Officer being drowned, the Court thought it advisable not to offer any opinion as to the faultiness or otherwise of those answerable for the calamity. The evidence appeared in the public press, and a copy was, in the usual way, forwarded to the Board of Trade.\n\n14. An enquiry into the matter of the loss by fire of the Japan was held at the United States Consulate, resulting in the full acquittal of the Master, and censuring the Chief Engineer. A few remarks on this loss will be found in the report on Emigration for the year.\n\n## EMIGRATION\n\n15. The gross total number of Emigrants leaving here in 1874 is 3,098 more than were carried in the preceding year. Of males, there were 8,497 more, but there has happily been a decrease in the children and female adults, the reasons for which will appear further on. The increase has been to the Australian Colonies, Bangkok, and the Straits Settlements. The last-named Colony has taken a large number of men for the purpose of working the tin mines in that Settlement.\n\n16. No reports of accidents to Emigrant Ships leaving this Port have been made for a long period. All the vessels appear to have made fair average passages and with few deaths or much disease. The latter is due to the selection of good Chinese Surgeons for charge of the ships that have no European trained Medical men on board.\n\n17. ... (already included in section 4)\n\n18. These difficulties, together with the large expense which attends the procuring of contract labour, and the probability of the Emigrants deserting on their arrival at their destination, have been such that the Agents have, for the present, withdrawn from the attempt to obtain the class of labour of which the Australian Colonies seem so much in need.\n\n19. The Emigration of females is on the decrease. 1,104 women and girls have emigrated during the year as against 1,542 that left here in 1873. I fear there can be little doubt but that the proportion of these women and girls were purchased on the mainland and exported for purposes of prostitution. These unfortunate women are instructed as to the answers they are to give when being questioned as to their willingness to emigrate, but either from fear of their purchasers, or a callousness as to what their future may be, it is most difficult to obtain the truth from them. It has been for a long time the desire of this Government to endeavour to put a stop to this practice, but the Chinese notions of morality, and the estimation in which the women are held, are so low that they see no harm in this disgraceful traffic.\n\n20. In endeavouring to check this practice, I have received much valuable assistance from the Registrar General, whose knowledge of the Chinese language and the character of the people enables him to detect, readily, the cases of females who are purchased for immoral purposes, but, if the intending Emigrant expresses her desire to proceed, and they too frequently feel themselves in honour bound to their purchasers, the Government is powerless to stop them. But very few instances have occurred of females confessing that they had been improperly procured and were unwilling to go. In such cases, the persons concerned have at once been handed over to the Police Court for punishment. The examination of the female Emigrants is of so searching a nature that the people concerned in purchasing the women have been discouraged in their traffic, hence the decrease of female Emigration alluded to in a previous paragraph.\n\n21. The Chinese Committee of the Chinese Hospital take great interest in this matter, and have joined in a petition to the Government praying that some more effective means might be devised for staying the Emigration of purchased females. A Commission investigated the matter; some of the Members of the Chinese Committee were invited to be present at the examination of the intending female Emigrants at this Office, and candidly admitted that nothing further could be done, observing that, if kept in Hongkong unwillingly after undergoing the examination made by the proper Officers, they had themselves alone to blame.\n\n22. The Commission recommended that an Ordinance should be passed to meet the cases of females kidnapped or sold for purposes of prostitution.\n\n23. It will be observed in the Returns that the number of Chinese brought to this Port from Manila and Singapore is much in excess of the number leaving Hongkong for those places. This is a consequence of the large direct Emigration to Manila and Singapore from Amoy and Swatow. These people, on their return to their native land, have to come here first, whence they take passages by Junk or Coast Steamer for their homes.\n\n24. The deplorable loss by fire of the United States' Pacific Mail Steam-ship Japan, 4,351 tons register, on the 17th December last, in Latitude 22° 45′ N. and Longitude 116° 36′ E., while on her voyage from San Francisco to this Port via Yokohama in Japan, has to be reported. This vessel had a mixed crew (Americans and Chinese) of 136 persons, and there were 424 Chinese passengers on board. When about 135 miles from here, she caught fire near to, or in the fore coal bunker. In spite of the admirable arrangements of steam pumps which these ships possess, the vessel was cut off by flame. The Japan had boats and rafts calculated to hold 650 persons, which were all in the water with the exception of one large boat secured immediately abreast the fire. She was also supplied with 1,500 life preservers distributed in various parts of the ship ready for use. It is impossible to say with accuracy the numbers lost and saved, as some of the Chinese passengers were picked up floating on pieces of the wreck and conveyed in native boats to the land, where they saved their lives. The matter was investigated at the United States' Consulate when the Master was honourably acquitted of all blame, and the Chief Engineer was censured.",
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    {
        "id": 296183,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-170 - Sir Kennedy - 1875 [1-3] -- Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [3-6]",
        "page_number": 645,
        "title": "CO129-170 - Sir Kennedy - 1875 [1-3] -- Acting Governor Austin - 1875 [3-6]",
        "content_text": "## HONGKONG, JUNE 3RD, 1875.\n\n### MONDAY'S TYPHOON-FURTHER PARTICULARS.\n\nWe are now in receipt of some further particulars respecting the disastrous effects of the gale on Monday last. In addition to the local damage recorded yesterday, a very large brick verandah at the front of the German Tavern came down with a crash. Fortunately no one was injured.\n\nThe damage among the sampans and jonks is considerable, no less than eleven of the latter having been driven ashore at Yow-ma-tee Bay. Three of these were completely broken up. The damage on shore in British Kowloon is not very serious, being confined principally to matsheds, railings, and trees. An out-house belonging to Mr. Silva, and part of the wall adjoining have also been destroyed.\n\n### WRECKAGE AT STONE CUTTER'S ISLAND.\n\nThe shores of Stone Cutter's Island are strewn with wreckage, but yesterday there were no Chinese to be seen, to claim any of the property. Yesterday some Chinese were fined at the police court for carrying away property belonging to junks wrecked there. It is supposed that a number of lives have been lost, but so far no dead bodies have been found.\n\n### TOTAL WRECK OF THE \"POYANG\"-GREAT LOSS OF LIFE.\n\nThe steamer Spark which arrived yesterday morning at 6 o'clock brought the sad intelligence that the Macao steamer \"Poyang\" had foundered, with a great loss of life.\n\nIt appears that she left this port for Macao as usual on Monday, and had arrived in sight of Macao when the typhoon commenced in full force. Finding the violence of the wind too strong to turn back, at 6 o'clock she was compelled to bring up off the \"Nine Islands\" about six miles from the harbour, and there experienced the full force of the typhoon. The sea rapidly increased, sweeping the decks. Everything that could be was done to save the vessel, but a huge sea was breaking over, and she foundered about eleven o'clock that night. There were about 100 passengers on board, also the captain, officers, and crew of the Portuguese vessel Santa Sancha sold at Manila. Captain Carroll, the chief mate and purser along with nearly all the passengers have been lost. Those saved are-1st and 2nd Engineers, one passenger (Captain Wade), two watchmen, two pilots, four sailors, three firemen, one Chinese passenger, and Captain's boy-making 16 in all. The chief engineer, Mr. Murphy, was saved by clinging to the walking beam, from which he was picked up, and was taken on to Macao, where he found the harbour covered with wreckage. On the news of the sad disaster reaching Macao, the agents of the ill-fated steamer did their best to get a boat of some sort to go to the wreck, but not a single one could be got for any money. They then applied to the Governor of Macao to send out one of the Government gunboats, and His Excellency, with commendable promptitude, ordered the \"Camoena\" to leave at once.\n\nOn the receipt of the intelligence in Hongkong yesterday, universal regret was felt at the sad disaster, Captain Carroll was known here by everybody, and was very much respected, and passengers to Macao will miss his genial and hearty companionship. The flags of nearly all the vessels in the harbour, as well as those on the different mercantile houses, were flying half mast yesterday out of respect for the deceased.\n\nThe only items of cargo by the \"Poyang\" given were 18 chests of opium, and 50 slabs of tin.\n\nThe upper portion of the steamer is visible above water, and it is probable that her machinery may be saved.\n\nThe \"Spark\" left at two o'clock yesterday afternoon to take the place of the \"Poyang\".\n\n### THE TYPHOON AT MACAO.\n\n(From our own Correspondent.)\n\nMACAO, 2nd June.\n\nAnother terrible and destructive typhoon has, I regret to say, visited this unfortunate place, causing great damage to property and considerable loss of life on the water, though happily nothing like so disastrous in its general effects as that which occurred on the 23rd September last-an ever memorable date here.\n\nThe weather here began to grow rough and boisterous on the evening of the 30th ultimo, and it continued so until the next day, blowing hard all the time from the East. At about one o'clock p.m. the wind increased considerably in violence, and was accompanied by rain. This was followed by occasional squalls. The barometer was steady up to the hour just mentioned, but after that time began to fall gradually until 11 o'clock p.m., when it had gone down to 28.80, and subsequently rose gradually until the gale abated, about 3 o'clock the following morning. The destruction at sea amongst the native craft is reported to be very great, and the loss of life serious, but no definite particulars have yet been received. A Chinese revenue cruiser is ashore, and great numbers of junks and hundreds of sampans are floating about bottom upwards or broken up.\n\nOn shore the damage done is also extensive, more especially in the inner harbour. At the Praya Grande the chief sufferer from the fury of the typhoon was the Government House. This is almost a wreck; the greater part of it came down with a frightful crash, burying about eleven persons in its ruins. The aide-de-camp of His Excellency the Governor was much injured, and was carried to the Military Hospital of St. Januario. His Excellency the Governor himself had a very narrow escape from being overwhelmed in the falling mass. A soldier fortunately saved him, but only just in time. His Excellency intends removing with his family to the premises of the Viscount de Cercal as soon as practicable.\n\nNumbers of other buildings have sustained more or less damage, by being partially unroofed, windows broken, verandahs destroyed, and venetians carried away. Some of the roads are also in a deplorable condition, and the trees, as usual, have fared ill in the storm. The roads and pathways were after the typhoon thickly strewn with branches, and littered with broken tiles and rubbish. I cannot stay to particularise, but am glad to say that although the injury is widespread, fortunately in most cases it has not been very serious.\n\nby \n1990 \nNo \n\nThe P. & O. Str. \"Bombay\". Official No. 30, 710, reports having been in the strength of a typhoon, the centre of which passed the Roque Forts at the mouth of the Leangton river at 0.30 a.m. the 1st instant. The \"Bombay\" of 1 rode out the storm without damage.\n\nI have to \n(signed) H. G. Thomsett, \nHarbor Master \n\n(True Copy) \nPeci J. Smit. \nActing Colonial Secretary \n\nPage 636",
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    {
        "id": 298347,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]",
        "page_number": 271,
        "title": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]",
        "content_text": "inconditionally to pass from the hands of the War Department there will be no possibility of resuming\n\nThe Military interests of this Colony have been much neglected\n\nand such session as may be determined on, on the present occasion should not be allowed to be unconditional.\n\nIt is probable that land will be required shortly for additional War Department buildings.\n\nThe question of the mess establishment of the Royal Artillery is still pending, ground will be required for this, on, or in close proximity to the part now proposed to be given up.\n\nor for Married Quarters, to the southward of Victoria Barracks. Additional Barracks may at any time be required to replace the hired buildings on the Ridge, for which a rent of £1837 4s 0d per Annum is now paid.\n\nIt is also to be borne in mind that the construction of a General Military Hospital may eventually be considered necessary.\n\nMedical Officers are opposed to the present system of a Floating Hospital, and many inconveniences certainly result from this arrangement. The proposed transfer involves the loss of the only practicable Rifle Range.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8].txt",
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    {
        "id": 298416,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]",
        "page_number": 340,
        "title": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]",
        "content_text": "attached to each \n\n339 \n\nmay replace the hired Buildings \n\ncarried out and (Molpegnil in the Praya \n\nmore \n\nthan \n\nfor which a rent \n\na lot of 1 1837 \n\n(@9000) per \n\nsale building \n\nbe left unpaid.... \n\nground \n\nfuture require \n\nAAVVYU \n\nis mar \n\n20. It is also to be borne in \n\nmind that the construction \n\nof a general Military \n\nHospital \n\neventually \n\nmay be considered necessary. Medical Officers are averse to the present system of floating Hospital and many \n\ncertainly \n\nmuch inconvenience \n\nresult from \n\narrange \n\nthis",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8].txt",
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    {
        "id": 302994,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-182 - Governor Hennessy - 1878 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 516,
        "title": "CO129-182 - Governor Hennessy - 1878 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "## Council Meeting Transcript\n\nHis EXCELLENCY said: The figures I mentioned were taken from the hands of the Acting Colonial Treasurer, and the actual sum estimated as the Hongkong share of postage was taken from the official letter of the Postmaster General addressed a few days before the Council meeting to my hon. friend the Colonial Secretary. There has been some question about it, and it has been alleged that, owing to payments to France and England on the annual 'spin having to be made under the new system, our postage could not amount to the figure I mentioned. However, the figure I gave was the figure that appeared as our share in the letter of the Postmaster General. But of course the Post Office is not to be regarded as a revenue department.\n\nHon. P. RYBIE - Not now.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY - No: not now. And in England the system is to treat the Post Office, though technically appearing as such, not as a revenue department. The fact is that where the Government make money by the Post Office it should be immediately spent in facilitating postal arrangements. So far as my desire to point out to the Council a few months ago the various evidences of prosperity in this Colony was concerned, I might have taken, which would have been still more to the point, the number of letters, newspapers, and parcels that pass through the post, and if I had done so they would have shown that the operations of the Post Office, like the operations of the other departments, indicate a steady prosperity.\n\nOn the vote for the Registrar-General's department,\n\nHis EXCELLENCY said: I am bound to tell you the sum we are now voting will really be in excess of what may be required, for this reason. Some time before the late Registrar-General left the colony, I asked him to consider the expediency of transferring certain duties of his department to other departments in such a way as not to incur any increase of expenditure in those other departments, and Mr. Smith agreed with me in thinking that some branches of that office might be transferred to other departments. He was good enough to draw up a scheme, which I sent to Her Majesty's Government, and the upshot of it is that twenty-two officers in the Registrar-General's department I propose to reduce to fourteen in number, and the salary of the Registrar General I would propose to reduce, because we only leave to that department minor functions, and more especially the very important one of communication with the native community is transferred. When the minute of Mr. Gardiner Austin was circulated he expressed his great satisfaction at the change which was contemplated, by which the Chinese inhabitants were to be brought into direct communication with the Colonial Secretary. But of course to do that is required, what we are now getting, a thoroughly competent Chinese scholar in the Governor's and Colonial Secretary's departments. That being done, the salary of the Registrar-General will be reduced and the Registrar-General will be in this colony much the same as in other colonies - registrar of births, marriages, and deaths and any other purely registration duties we can give him. When I receive the final instructions of Sir Michael Hicks Beach I will be able to submit to you a scheme for a considerable reduction of expenditure in that department.\n\nOn the Police vote,\n\nHon. P. BYRIE asked if the European constables expected from home were actually on their way out.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY - My dispatch must have reached London in ample time for the Crown Agents to recruit the fifteen constables that were applied for and send them out before the end of the year, but I cannot of course say whether the Crown Agents have acted with their usual promptitude or not. If they have we will have the men out before the end of the year.\n\nOn the vote for the Fire Brigade,\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY said there was a large increase in the vote in consequence of a new steam engine being got out from London. That item had been sent round to the Finance Committee and approved.\n\nHon. H. LOWCOCK - Something was said at the Finance Committee's meeting about a floating engine, but I cannot recollect whether the advisability of having one or not was fully discussed. Perhaps it is scarcely the time now to go into the matter when we wish to pass the estimates as soon as possible, but it is, I think, a very desirable thing.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY - Hear, hear.\n\nHon. H. LOWCOCK - I merely mentioned it because a memorandum was made about it during the discussion.\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY - The question has been gone into very fully at different times, but as far as my opinion goes on the subject it is undoubtedly adverse to the adoption of the proposal to have a floating engine. We should have to maintain a number of boatmen to be constantly on board and it would invariably be attended with great difficulty to preserve the fire engine from danger or perhaps destruction in bad weather. The large fire engine, we know, is incapable of being moved anywhere from the sea level and on that level it works almost as effectively as a floating fire engine would do. Of course the object hitherto has been to obtain the greatest amount of good without the sacrifice of that good to a probable danger, and, having the interests of the Fire Brigade at heart, I have always considered it far more safe to use a land engine - and it can only be used on the Praya level - instead of maintaining a floating engine, which would be attended with a certain amount of danger and would be liable to destruction.\n\nHon. P. RYBIE - I agree with the remarks of the gentleman who has last spoken, but I think there is another project suggested by the gentleman who is in charge of the Fire Brigade at present. It is quite true the large engine is very good when there is water, but there are often times - especially to the westward - when it would be impossible for the suction pipe of any engine to get water, and I understand the present superintendent of the Fire Brigade has recommended either the erection of stages or the digging of wells under the Praya wall, so that at all times the suction pipe can be applied. But there is no doubt a fire happening in neap tides would at present be very difficult to deal with.\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY - On that very point I am very glad to inform the gentleman that a plan has been adopted to lengthen the suction hose, which can be used at any distance in a lateral direction, without having the difficulty as to the power of raising the water. Consequently the present superintendent of the Fire Brigade has taken measures to obtain additional lengths of the suction hose, so as to meet that particular difficulty. The difficulty is one that has been palpable enough for years in consequence of the accumulating deposit along the wall of the Praya, but I believe the adoption of the method I now mention will remove almost entirely the difficulty of getting water.\n\nHon. P. RYRIE - Is the idea to be carried out promptly, because this is the time, with China New Year coming on, when we may expect fires.\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY - There is sufficient hose in stock to accomplish every object that is wanted.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY - I think the suggestion of the hon. gentleman on my left is well worthy of adoption, because we have now in the harbour two steam launches always available, so that they could readily tow the floating engine without the necessity of keeping up a special crew. I merely throw out the suggestion as a matter that might be considered. It is a question which my hon. friend here (the Acting Colonial Secretary) and the other gentlemen will consider, whether we might not have a light floating engine to be towed by the steam-launches.\n\nHon. W. KESWICK - In case of fire promptitude is the first thing necessary, and one would think that a floating engine in the harbour, with the facilities your Excellency has mentioned for towing, would be a great benefit. It is not necessary it should be propelled by steam so long as it is sufficient for its work and we have launches to move it. I think, in view of the great risk of fire there is in this colony - and the most valuable produce in the colony is stored on the Praya - it is of the very greatest importance; indeed, the utmost should be done by this Government in support of the Fire Brigade and the providing of appliances for the extinction of fire that can be devised, and I know of no action that could be taken that would be probably more effective than the one that has been suggested.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY - Hear, hear.\n\nOn the vote for charitable allowances,\n\nHon. P. RYRIE said: I propose that we increase the amount of charitable allowances by a small sum, the object being to augment the grant to a most deserving little institution, St. Joseph's Hospital. We all know what it is. We had it before us the other day, when it received some damage by the rain storms. I am informed the allowance it receives is only $10 per month.\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY - More than that. This institution is not specifically mentioned in the estimates, but there is a sum granted for three institutions and if it is not divided in equitable proportions it would be for some reason on the part of those who have charge of the distribution.\n\n## Page 505",
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        "id": 309629,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-194 - Governor Hennessy Administrator Tonnochy - 1881 [8-9]",
        "page_number": 290,
        "title": "CO129-194 - Governor Hennessy Administrator Tonnochy - 1881 [8-9]",
        "content_text": "288\n\n29\n\n1\n\n28\n\n# COLONIAL ESTIMATES-HONGKONG.\n\n## EXPENDITURE\n\n### DETAILED.\n\n#### POLICE-Continued.\n\nBrought forward.......\n\n# COLONIAL ESTIMATES HONGKONG.\n\n## EXPENDITURE DETAILED.\n\n140,988\n\n### ALLOWANCES:----\n\n·To Chief Inspector, 2 Chair Coolies for 7 months,\n\n84\n\nTo 2 Inspectors of Drains, at $60 each,\n\n120\n\nTo 3 Drill Serjeants, at $36 each,\n\n108\n\nTo 6 Indian Interpreters, at $24 each,\n\n144\n\nTo 1 Drummer,\n\n30\n\nTo 1 Ship Carpenter,\n\n180\n\nTo 4 Engineers for Steam Launches, at $96 each,\n\n384\n\nTo 4 Stokers for do., at $24\n\n96\n\nFor Detective Force,\n\n480\n\nFor Police School,\n\n2,400\n\nFor Good Conduct and Special Services.........\n\n1,800\n\n5,826\n\n## XX.-GAOLS.\n\n### VICTORIA GAOL.\n\n  \n    \n    FIXED ESTABLISH-MENTS.\n    PROVISIONAL, AND TEMPORARY.\n    TOTAL.\n  \n  \n    ### SALARIES:-\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Superintendent,\n    3,360\n    \n    3,360\n  \n  \n    Warden,\n    1,272\n    720\n    \n  \n  \n    Clerk,\n    720\n    24\n    \n  \n  \n    Interpreter,\n    720\n    60\n    \n  \n  \n    ### CONTINGENCIES:--\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    2 Head Turnkeys, at $720 each,\n    1,440\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Office Furniture, and Incidental Expenses,\n    70\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    ### POLICE, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENT.\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    8 European Turnkeys, 4 1st class, at $540 each, and 4 2nd class, at $480 each,..\n    4,080\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Passages,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    4 Chinese do,, at $432 each,\n    1,728\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    5,500\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Forage for Horses,\n    1,400\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Matron,\n    300\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Veterinary and Farriery Articles and Saddlery,\n    600\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    2 Hospital Warders, at $420 and $300,\n    720\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    120\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Arms and Ammunition,\n    800\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Oil and Wick, and Gas for Barracks.\n    3,800\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    19 Assistant Turnkeys, 10 1st class, at $360 each, and 9 2nd class, at $300 each,\n    6,300\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Clothing and Accoutrements.\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Bedding, &c.,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Purchase and Repair of Boats,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Repairs to Floating Station,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Coal, Oil, &c., for Launches,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Meals for Prisoners in Cells,\n    12,000\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Burial of Destitute Dead,...\n    1,500\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Messenger,\n    84\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1 Head Turnkey,\n    600\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    2,500\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    5 First class Guards, at $240 each,\n    1,200\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    3,000\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    13 Second class Guards, at $192\n    2,496\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    72\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    23\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    20,724\n    5,990\n    25,944\n  \n  \n    ### Incidental Expenses,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Secret Service,\n    2,800\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1,000\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Grant to the Native District Watchmen........\n    2,084\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    ### ALLOWANCES:-\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Chinese Teacher for Warden and Head Turnkey,\n    120\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    120\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    37,284\n  \n  \n    ### RENT.\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Rent of Police Stations, &c.,..\n    !\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    ### SALARIES: --\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Staff,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    ### CONTINGENCIES:---\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    90\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Incidental Expenses,\n    86\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    96\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    26,160\n  \n  \n    TOTAL.......\n    \n    \n    \n  \n\n### RECAPITULATION.\n\n184,258\n\nESTABLISHMENT,\n\nGAOLS, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENT,\n\n16,284\n\nEuropean Force,\n\n12,000\n\n56,640\n\nProvisions for Prisoners,\n\nIndian do..\n\nChinese do.,\n\n28,836\n\nLighting the Gaol,\n\n2,000\n\n23,568\n\nWater Police (Chinese),\n\nStation and Horse Chair Coolies,\n\n12,204\n\nClothing, Shoes, &c., including Clothing for Staff,\n\n2,600\n\n3,456\n\nFuel and Soap,..\n\n2,000\n\n300\n\nDry Earth Conservancy,\n\n2,000\n\n140,988\n\nIncidental Expenscs, .\n\nALLOWANCES,\n\nOFFICE CONTINGENCIES,\n\n5,826\n\nExecutioner's Fee, and for inflicting Corporal Punishment,\n\n120\n\n21,020\n\n70\n\nESTABLISHMENT,\n\n146,884\n\nRENTS:-\n\n300\n\nQuarters for Gaol Warden,\n\nPOLICE, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENT, RENT,\n\n37,284\n\n90\n\nTOTAL,..\n\n$\n\n47,480\n\nTOTAL,\n\n184,258",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-194 - Governor Hennessy Administrator Tonnochy - 1881 [8-9].txt",
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        "id": 309755,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-194 - Governor Hennessy Administrator Tonnochy - 1881 [8-9]",
        "page_number": 416,
        "title": "CO129-194 - Governor Hennessy Administrator Tonnochy - 1881 [8-9]",
        "content_text": "28\n\nCOLONIAL ESTIMATES-HONGKONG.\n\nEXPENDITURE DETAILED.\n\nPOLICE-Continued.\n\nBrought forward,..\n$\n140,988\n\nCOLONIAL ESTIMATES-HONGKONG.\n\nEXPENDITURE DETAILED.\n\nXX.-GAOLS.\n\nVICTORIA GAOL.\n\nFIXED ESTABLISH-\nMENTS.\n\nPROVISIONAL AND TEMPORARY.\n\nTOTAL\n\nTo 2 Inspectors of Drains, at $60 each,.\n$\n$\n\nALLOWANCES:--\n\nTo Chief Inspector, 2 Chair Coolies for 7 months,\nTo 8 Drill Serjeants, at $36 each,\n$\n$\n\nTo 6 Indian Interpreters, at $24 each,\nTo Drummer,\nTo 1 Ship Carpenter,\nTo 4 Engineers for Steam Launches, at $96 each,\n$\n$\n$\n11.\n\nTo 4 Stokers for\ndo.,\nat $24\n\"\nFor Detective Force,\nFor Police School,\nFor Good Conduct and Special Services..\nCONTINGENCIES:---\nOffice Furniture, and Incidental Expenses,\nPOLICE, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENT.\n\nPassages,\n5,600\nForage for Horses,.....\n1,400\nVeterinary and Farriery Articles and Saddlery,\n600\nArms and Ammunition,\n800\nIncidental Expenses.....\nOil and Wick, and Gas for Barracks,\nClothing and Accoutrements,\nBedding, &c., ...-\nPurchase and Repair of Boats,\nRepairs to Floating Station,\nCoal, Oil, &c., for Launches,\nMeals for Prisoners in Cells,\nBurial of Destitute Dead,....\nSecret Service.\nGrant to the Native District Watchmen,.\n3,300\n12,000\n1,500\n2,500\n\n5 First class Guards, at $240 each,\n3,000\n13 Second\nat $192\n400\n400\n84\n\nSALARIES:----\n\nSuperintendent,\n3,360\n720\n30\n180\nWarden,\n1,272\n24\n384\n96\nClerk,\n720\n60\n480\n2,400\nInterpreter,\n720\n1,800\n5,826\n2 Head Turnkeys, at $720 each,\n1,440\n70\n8 European Turnkeys, 4 1st class, at $540 each, and 4 2nd\nclass, at $480 each,..\n4,080\n4 Chinese do., at $432 each,\n1,728\nMatron,\n300\n2 Hospital Warders, at $420 and $300,\n720\n120\n19 Assistant Turnkeys, 10 1st class, at $360 each, and 9 2nd\nclass, at $300 each,..\n6,300\nMessenger,\n84\n1 Head Turnkey,\n600\n1,200\n2,496\n20,724\n5,220\n25,944\n2,800\n1,000\n\nALLOWANCES:-\n\nChinese Teacher for Warden and Head Turnkey,\n120\n120\n2,084\n37,284\n\nRENT.\n\nRent of Police Stations, &c...\n90\nCONTINGENCIES:-\nIncidental Expenses,\n96\n96\n26,160\n\nTOTAL.........\nRECAPITULATION.\n\n184,258\n\nESTABLISHMENT,..\nGAOLS, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENT.\n\nSALARIES:→→\n\nStaff,\n16,284\nProvisions for Prisoners,\n12,000\nEuropean Force,\n56,640\nIndian\ndo.,\ndo\nChinese\ndo.,\nWater Police (Chinese),\nStation and Horse Chair Coolies,\n28,836\nLighting the Gaol,\n2,000\n23,568\nClothing, Shoes, &c, including Clothing for Staff,.\n2,600\n12,204\nFuel and Soap,..\n2,000\n3,456\nDry Earth Conservancy,\n300\nIncidental Expenses,\n2,000\n140,988\n\nExecutioner's Fee, and for inflicting Corporal Punishment,\n120\n\nALLOWANCES.\n\nOFFICE CONTINGENCIES,\n5,826\n70\n21,020\n\nRENTS:\n\nESTABLISHMENT,....\n146,884\nQuarters for Gaol Warden,\n300\n\nPOLICE, EXCLUSIVE OF ESTABLISHMENT.\n\nRENT,\n37,284\n90\n\nTOTAL...\n$\n47,480\n\nTOTAL,..\n$\n184,258\n\n413\n\n29",
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    {
        "id": 309981,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-195 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 107,
        "title": "CO129-195 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "! \n\ndown \n\n1 \n\n3 \n\nboat and those it held came ashore again. The Soy factory at Yau-mah-ti is partly blown and to a very large extent unroofed. The Praya Wall is almost completely washed away. The scene, alike on shore and towards the water, is an exceedingly pitiable from one end of the village to the other. Some 39 or 40 Chinese who were to have started for San Francisco to-day by the City of Peking were holed over at Yau-mah-ti all right for the night, no boat daring to take them on board in such a sea and it being fairly impossible that the mail steamer would, in the face of such a gale, go out at the advertised time precisely. Five bodies were found, we have said, washed ashore; they were discovered to the north of the station. These were of course forwarded at once to the dead house at the Government Civil Hospital here, but no inquest has as yet been opened on any of them.\n\nAt Kung Chung a number of boats were drawn up on the beach; and those were all more or less damaged. The only other recordable effect of the gale was the blowing down of Mr Francis' bungalow.\n\nAt Hungham, a large number of boats were broken up, but no houses were damaged.\n\nAt Wong Kok Sui, several boats were broken-up and a few houses were unroofed. Loss of life at this place, however, as well as at the two last mentioned, is not reported. From Tsim Tsa Tsoi comes the same report; considerable damage to boats and on shore, but no lives lost.\n\nThe steamer White Cloud, which was later than usual in leaving Macao for Hongkong, the approaching storm keeping her back, brings reports to the effect that there was a heavy gale experienced there from the north at first, and blowing right round to north-north-west and from that direction to the west. The lowest reading of the barometer was 29.26. The glass steadied after midnight and gave no foretellings of any approaching disturbance of the elements, between that time and the hour when the steamer left Macao. A great many junks and cargo boats were wrecked, but it is not known that there was any loss of life worth mentioning, if indeed any loss of life at all. The White Cloud left her anchorage and anchored in the bay in anticipation of hard weather but nothing occurred to disturb her in any way, although the gusts were heavy beyond ordinary, from 5 o'clock yesterday until the hour of starting this morning, 8 o'clock. Before the White Cloud left, the Ping On had arrived from Pakhoi and Hoihow, at 7 o'clock in the morning, and reported experiencing the full fury of the gale in the form of a typhoon on her run up from the South. She had anchored at St. John's in consequence of the gale. The White Cloud returned to Macao at once on getting her cargo out here, which was a particularly large one of tea to go home by the English mail. She crosses again to-morrow with a similarly large cargo, leaving at 8 a.m. and departing from Hongkong on her return trip to Macao at 2 p.m. The Spark then takes up the run in the usual way. The Kiang ping made her usual passage and resumes her position at once. A few notes as to the effect of the gale at Macao will be found under our heading of Macao correspondence. There would seem, from what we have heard from nautical authorities just returned from the other side, that there could be no possible mistake there as to the reality of the typhoonic nature of the storm, the wind going almost right round the compass in twelve hours.\n\nAn extraordinary rumour was industriously circulated as to some catastrophe having happened to the Yotsui. The Yotsai is safe in dock.\n\nWe should have mentioned yesterday, when reckoning-up of those to whom credit was due, those who had shown that they were made of the right stuff when the occasion called for help, that the Royal Artillery turned out and held themselves in readiness for any opportunity, and pulled up on the Barrack Square, North Barracks, during the worst part of the gale as it affected that quarter, that was between noon and 1 o'clock p.m., six sampans together with their crews, numbering quite an extensive tribe of people saved from the wrecks. The highest credit is due to those who took part in this work, although they may have to rest content with the approbation of their own consciences, which is often the sole reward of those who dwell under such circumstances. It is a pleasure to us to record, however, the conduct of the valiant and humane R. A.\n\nSeveral vessels, which have either come in or attempted to go out and been compelled to put back, tell of severe weather outside.\n\nThe Kashgar, P.&O. steamer, which left yesterday for Shanghai, anchored in the Lyeemoon Pass, or near the Cape d'Aguilar lighthouse, and proceeded only after the force of the blow had expended itself. The same Company's steamer Sunda, which has also had some heavy weather on her trip down, reports meeting her steaming out. The Diamante, setting out yesterday for Manila, had to put back through stress of weather. She brought in and landed some six or eight persons rescued from a junk found floating bottom up outside. The Gleneagles from Foochow reports had weather towards the latter part of her voyage. The Zhang, from Cayton, anchored in the river on her way down and reports a mass of capsized boats. A heavy gale was experienced; and from the report she brings, we may expect to hear more from Canton concerning the present gale.\n\nThe following reports from other vessels also refer to the storm, which would appear to have been extensively felt:\n\nThe British steamer Greyhound, Captain Scott, from Haiphong and Hoihow, reports: From Haiphong to Hoihow, strong winds veering from S.E. to East, with high sea. From Hoihow to Hongkong, first part of passage light N.E. winds. \"Friday morning, wind hauled North, and then veered to N.W. and West, blowing very heavy, with high cross sea from S.E. and heavy rain; 10.16 a.m. increased to a gale with furious squalls, turned ship's head and ran for anchorage at Chuen. Saturday at 3 a.m., moderated, when weighed anchor and proceeded.\n\nThe British steamer Esmeralda, Captain Talbot, from Manila, reports: On Tuesday 11th Oct., at 5.05 p.m., hove up and proceeded from Manila Bay towards Hongkong, fresh northerly winds and fine clear weather, barometer at midnight 29.95. Wednesday 12th Oct., commenced with light N.W. winds and fine; noon, wind increasing from the N.W., barometer 29.84. 8 p.m., strong N.N.W. winds and heavy rain; sea rising, barometer 29.80; midnight, no alteration, barometer 29.80. Thursday, 13th Oct., commenced with hard gale from the N.W., heavy rain squalls and high sea; 00.40 a.m., engines reduced to half speed; 8 a.m. barometer 29.60; 8 a.m. wind W.N.W., blowing a severe gale with incessant rain squalls and heavy sea; ship labouring heavily and shipping a great quantity of water. 8.50 a.m. wind increasing in violence stopped the engines and hove to with sea anchor and 60 fathoms chain. After 10 a.m., the barometer began to rise slowly, although there was no abatement in the weather; noon, barometer 29.71. At 4 p.m. the weather moderated slightly, barometer steadily rising; 4.25 p.m., started heaving up the sea anchor; 5 p.m., full speed ahead; at 7.30 blowing hard gale from the S.W.\n\n106",
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    {
        "id": 320631,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-207 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1883 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 10,
        "title": "CO129-207 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1883 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "9 \n\nA mortuary for the reception of bodies on which Coroner's inquests are held. Up to the present time these bodies have been taken frequently in an advanced stage of decomposition, to the dead house at the Civil Hospital intended only for the autopsy of patients dying in that institution. The consequence has been that the whole of the Hospital buildings have been occasionally pervaded by a most intolerable stench proceeding from bodies found on the hill side or floating in the harbour that had been deceased for four or five days. The nuisance and the danger to the health of the inmates of the Hospital have been repeatedly represented to the Government during the last few years and towards the end of 1880 the Surveyor General was directed by Governor Hennessy to prepare at once the necessary plans and estimates for a public mortuary at a distance from the Hospital, but those orders he failed to carry out as he was unable to obtain any instruction.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-207 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1883 [1-3].txt",
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    {
        "id": 337493,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8]",
        "page_number": 524,
        "title": "CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8]",
        "content_text": "# \nIn another case, six Chinese lives were lost. The fire broke out in a room on the first floor and communicated itself to the stair-case before the inmates above were made alive to their danger. There were no means of escape either by the roof or by windows and all six lost their lives.\n\nThe last incident that occurred was at an extensive fire in Bonham Strand, where, without a minute's warning, five houses fell outwards across the street resulting in the most serious injuries to **Mr. Ross** the foreman of the Volunteer Fire Brigade. A member of the Government Fire Brigade was also slightly injured, but to those who witnessed what took place, it was a mercy that no more harm was done than was actually occasioned, as there were at least six firemen whose position at the time seriously jeopardized their lives.\n\nIt may not be out of place at the commencement of another year to take stock of the existing condition of the Fire Brigade and of its adequacy to meet the requirements of the Colony.\n\n## \nAt the present moment the Fire Brigade consists of thirty-three Europeans of whom seventeen are firemen, six engine drivers, and the rest, superintendents, foremen, and assistant foremen, and of ninety-one Chinese firemen besides stokers and interpreters. The pay of the European firemen is four dollars and fifty cents a month and that of a Chinese fireman from one dollar and fifty cents to one dollar. The foremen, stokers, and interpreters are of course paid at a higher rate. The Brigade is further strengthened by the services of the **Hongkong Fire Insurance Volunteers**, the **Pawnbrokers**, and other bodies all of whom have been present on every occasion of a fire and have rendered most valuable services.\n\nThe head quarters of the Fire Brigade are at `No. 5 Police Station` in Queen's Road.\n\nWatchmen are stationed at the Clock Tower and at the Tower of the Fire Brigade Station, and upon an alarm of fire the bells are rung at the Central Police Station, at the Fire Brigade Station and at the Clock Tower. Three separate strokes indicate a fire west of the Harbour Office, two separate strokes a fire between the Harbour Office and the Murray Barracks, and one stroke a fire east of the Murray Barracks.\n\n## \nThe Engines are located at the Fire Brigade Station. They are four in number, not including the floating engine which is known as the `No. 1 Engine`. The latter is located in the harbour near `Yau-mati`. It is an invaluable engine and can throw four jets of some sixty feet high. It has recently been modified with a view to increasing its speed and it is now capable of steaming at a rate of about eight knots an hour.\n\nIn addition to the steam engines I have mentioned, there are also a certain number of manual engines stationed in different parts of the island. So far as the City of Victoria is concerned, there is one at Government House, one at the Central Police Station, one in Hollywood Road, one at the Harbour Office and one at `Saiyingpún`. There are also boxes with fire appliances in various parts of the Town.\n\n## \nPractically speaking however the main strength of the Brigade is at the Fire Brigade Station. At an alarm of fire in the City of Victoria, a telephonic signal is immediately sent to what is known as the `No. 2 Tank`. This tank is situated in Caine Road, and supplies the City of Victoria with water from the `Pokfulam Reservoir`. The water is distributed by two main pipes from which branch out smaller pipes throughout the Town. Its limits are broadly speaking Queen's Road at the foot of Gough Street to the west, Queen's Road to the north and the City Hall to the east. At frequent intervals are what are known as street fire plugs. They are distinguishable by iron plates level with the street, and on removing this iron plate, hose can be attached. Many of these plates have a raised knob on the top of them. The knob is to distinguish them from the other plates that are without them, and indicates that they are stop plugs, that is to say that they are merely for the purpose of shutting off water. Before this distinguishing mark was put, the greatest confusion often resulted, and much time was lost in waiting for water at one of these stop plugs, when there was none to come.\n\nThe `No. 2 Tank` is in its turn supplied from another tank at the western end of Robinson Road. This tank also supplies Caine Road and some other streets. These are the two chief distributions of water from the `Pokfulam Reservoir`. There are other subsidiary supplies which are strictly local. One is in `Glenealy Ravine` and supplies the Gaol and Police Barracks. Another is above the Government Civil Hospital and another near the Albany. `Wanchai`, as far as the City Hall, is supplied from the tank that is to be seen in the `Wong-nei-chung Gap`.\n\n## \nGenerally speaking the fresh water supply is very unsatisfactory. It is uncertain inasmuch as it is not always running, it is inadequate and its pressure is not uniform. Much of its possible pressure is also diminished by leakage throughout the houses in which it is distributed along its route to the fire and by other causes such as the friction of the pipes, and sudden changes in their diameter. In reducing therefore, the working of the Brigade to a system, it is impossible to regard the fresh water supply as other than a very poor adjunct, and in almost every instance recourse is had to the harbour.\n\nis able to afford a sufficient jet for houses placed between Queen's Road and the harbour. The rule therefore is to work direct from the harbour with all houses comprised within those bounds, but in the case of fires at a higher level than Queen's Road, the engines are distributed at intervals up the hill as far as may be required; they are connected the one with the other with hose and each engine pumps into the other until the level of the fire is reached. All this occasions great wear and tear of engines and hose and fire materials, and leaves only a very limited supply of water when the fire is reached, but it is inevitable so long as the fresh water supply is arranged as at present. Nor do I see that the increased supply of water from `Tytam` will much improve matters unless with it there is an increase of pressure, a uniformity of distribution and a certainty of water at all times.\n\nIt is impossible to insist too much upon the element of certainty. It is not as if fires could be met by arrangements devised for them at the moment. They must be treated in accordance with general arrangements applicable to all cases, and of these the first desideratum is water, and until one can base one's arrangements upon the certainty of a sufficient fresh water supply at any given point, the harbour must be regarded as the single basis of one's calculations.\n\nThe hilly nature of the site of the City of Victoria would seem to point to a system of high level tanks as being that best adopted for the requirements of the Town. In the case of a fire spreading up the hill it would be of immense advantage to be able to meet it from above and the constant growth of the Town up the hill points still further in this direction. Nor am I at all sure that with such a system, if properly devised and carried out, the necessity for land steam engines will not almost entirely cease to exist. The cost would of course be considerable and it may not be thought to be worth while to incur it. The proposed **Praya reclamation scheme**, however, if carried out, will necessarily bring this matter to the front, and in the meantime I would merely ask His Excellency's attention to the question and also to the consideration as to the extent to which the working of the reclamation scheme will interfere with the water supply from the harbour.\n\n## \nThe following is the arrangement at present in force with regard to the steam engines. Three of the engines proceed to the Praya. Two of them run out hose to the fire. The other stands by with fires lighted, but does not run out hose until the order is given. The fourth engine remains in the station in reserve. Each engine has its own hose reel, and the branch pipes have special marks to indicate to which engine they belong. In order that in the confusion the branch pipes may not be attached to the wrong hose, a slight delay takes place between the removal of each engine from the station, and the driver is under orders to see that his engine never starts without the proper hose reel accompanying it. With a view further to obviate any miscarriage from hurry or ignorance or neglect, duplicate branch pipes are supplied, two being attached to each engine and two to each hose reel. The branch pipe is frequently termed the nozzle, but strictly speaking the term \"nozzle\" is applicable only to the end of the branch pipes from which the water issues.\n\n## \nGenerally speaking the efforts of the Brigade have been directed rather to the simplification of duties and to the instruction of the men in a few broad elementary rules with regard to the running out of hose, the protection of the adjoining property, and such like matters, together with the provision before hand of all such arrangements as are likely to be of service on the occasion of a fire.\n\nOwing to the constitution of the Fire Brigade, which consists of Policemen who have in the first place to consider their Police duties, it is not possible to assign particular duties to individual firemen and it has been sought rather to familiarize each one with the elementary rudiments of Fire Brigade drill, and by a careful prearrangement and simplification of appliances and by general rules as to dealing with fires, to minimize the drawbacks occasioned by the impossibility of assigning special duties to selected individuals.\n\nAmong some of the principal changes that have been made in this direction, I may mention the substitution of a broad thread screw for the narrow thread that it was customary to use in the hose couplings. A great saving of time and labour has been effected by this change, and it has been found to be of the greatest possible advantage to the Brigade. Another change that has been found very valuable has been the institution of a light service in the form of what is termed a `Supply Cart`. This Cart can be drawn by two men, and contains all the necessary appliances for dealing with a fire at the outset. Inasmuch also as it has been found that very frequently a fire without actually spreading to an adjoining house, will ignite it inside to the extent of making it necessary to play water upon the incipient flames, the `Supply Cart` carries with it two hand pumps and two extincteurs, which have been constantly found sufficient to extinguish the flames, when without these appliances resort must have been had to a hose, with the consequent delay of stopping the engine, attaching a new length, and a great destruction of property by a deluge of salt water, even supposing the flames to have not made uncontrollable way in the interval.\n\nOther changes of a similar kind have been made, of which I have already mentioned the duplicate branch pipes, and in which I may include the institution of reserve hose reels to be taken to the fire.",
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        "id": 337494,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8]",
        "page_number": 525,
        "title": "CO129-238 - Governor Des Voeus - 1888 [7-8]",
        "content_text": "# Annual Report on the Fire Brigade Department\n\n521 \n\nand used exclusively for adding new lengths when required, instead of as formerly having recourse to the engines when additional lengths were wanted, and lastly the practice of indiscriminately cutting down wood work has been entirely abandoned. No wood work can now be cut down without the order of an officer, and such an order is seldom required. In the opinion of many, the spread of the great fire in 1878 was largely due to the immense destruction of wood work on that occasion, the streets in some places being blocked with shutters and broken timbers which at one and the same time impeded the movements of the Brigade, and served as a bridge for the flames.\n\nWith regard to the spread of fires, they are occasioned by the beams and rafters of the roof of the house on fire being in contact with those of the adjoining houses, and in many cases protected from access by the ceiling below; also by the falling of lighted matter through the smoke holes of neighbouring houses, and again by projecting verandahs which probably contain inflammable articles. Heat alone is often sufficient to ignite either the opposite houses, or anything near that is capable of catching fire. A double brick-wall is, however, absolute protection to the extent of the space covered by it. Clothes stands on roofs, though invariably igniting, have not, so far as my experience goes, been a principal cause of fires spreading. They consist only of upright and horizontal bars, with hollow spaces between them, and do not readily burn.\n\nThe accompanying report from Mr. BREWER will show the state of the engines at the present time. They have worked well throughout the year, and have been carefully tended by Mr. BREWER, the Engineer, and Mr. WAGNER, the Assistant Engineer.\n\nThere is great need of another floating engine. The present floating engine lies at Yaumáti, and is not immediately available for service on this side. Also, when a fire occurs anywhere on the other side or in the harbour, there is no launch at the disposal of the Brigade for taking the men to these places. What is required is a floating engine similar to that now in use, and capable of transporting men to different parts of the Island. At present, if the existing floating engine breaks down, there is nothing able to take its place, and considering the vast shipping interests in the harbour, and the valuable property located at Yaumáti, the Naval Yard, Kowloon, and Hunghom, one floating engine is not enough. The nature of the country on the other side does not admit of the transport of land engines, and the only practicable method of dealing with fires there is by floating engines. I trust, therefore, that His Excellency will give this matter his favourable consideration and will sanction the purchase or construction of another floating engine.\n\nAlso, I think the European element of the Brigade should be further increased. Men who before were available for fire duties have now to attend to engines, and considering the growth of the town, I do not think an increase of ten men would be by any means out of place. We are always hampered by want of men, some being in Hospital and some on Police duty, and at the initiatory stages of a fire, the want of a sufficient European complement is much felt, as it is on them that the Superintendent has mainly to rely to see that his general system of organisation is properly carried out. Police firemen are not allowed to leave their beat to go to a fire, so that the nominal strength of the European element is reduced by one half at the outset, and to this must be added absence from sickness and other causes.\n\nOn the other hand, I think the Chinese element might be largely reduced. With an increased European element, I think we might easily dispense with a sufficient number of Chinese to balance the additional expense in the increased European element, so that the change could be accomplished without further cost to the Brigade.\n\nI will conclude this report with a return of fires and alarms of fires during the past year. Origins assigned to the different fires given in the schedule must be accepted with reservation, and are not to be taken as authoritative.\n\nI have only to add that the Brigade has enjoyed the hearty co-operation of the officers and men, throughout the year, who have all worked well under the exceptional strain that has from time to time been put upon them.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\n\n**FIRE BRIGADE DEPARTMENT, HONGKONG, 5th January, 1888**\n\n## Annual Report on Fire Engines\n\nSIR,\n\nI have the honour to forward herewith a report on the state of the Government Fire Engines for the year ending 31st December, 1887.\n\n| Engine | Description | Condition |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| No. 1 Floating Fire Engine | by Merry Weather | 19 years old, requires new fire box and overhaul |\n| No. 2 Steamer | by Merry Weather | 19 years old, obsolete type, too heavy for roads |\n| No. 3 Steamer | by Shand and Mason | 8 years old, altered last year, requires new boiler |\n| No. 4 Steamer | by Shand and Mason | 5 years old, in excellent condition |\n| No. 5 Steamer | by Shand and Mason | supplied last year, modern type, valuable auxiliary |\n| Stanley Floating fire pump |  | not available on emergency, kept at Stone Cutters' Island |\n| Manual Engines | 9 in number | all in good working order |\n\nNo. 1 Floating Fire Engine by Merry Weather. This engine is 19 years old, and was formerly a land engine on wheels, but was found too heavy for the roads and cumbersome of transportation; it was therefore put into a launch in March, 1883, and has since done good service. The Boiler is now 10 years old, and requires a new fire box. It was intended to execute this repair some months ago, but it was postponed pending the arrival of the new engine from England. The fresh water tanks are rusting internally, and require to be removed for scraping and painting and generally overhauling. I would recommend this be done immediately after the Chinese New Year. The machinery and hull of the launch are in good order, and with a view to increasing the speed of the launch, a new propeller of more suitable design is now fitted.\n\nNo. 2 Steamer by Merry Weather. This Engine is 19 years old. It was fitted with a new boiler in 1878 and new steam cylinders by Messrs. FENWICK & Co. in 1886. The Engine is of obsolete type and too heavy for our roads, proof of which, it has on two occasions broken through the roads and sunk up to its axles. The engine has, however, done good service feeding the small engines on high levels with salt water. This engine should be supplemented by one of modern type, lighter, more powerful, and with a quick generating boiler (as the present one takes 25 minutes against the modern one of 7½ minutes to raise steam).\n\nNo. 3 Steamer by Shand and Muson. This Engine is 8 years old and was formerly of the auxiliary cylinder type. It was altered last year upon my recommendation, the auxiliary cylinder removed, and a balance wheel substituted, which has rendered the engine more efficient and has given every satisfaction. In consequence of the age of the boiler, I have reduced the working pressure of steam to 75 lbs., which has necessarily somewhat handicapped the engine in its work. In my last year's report, I recommended a new fire box, which I find it is impracticable to attach, and would suggest that Messrs. SHAND & MASON receive instructions to send out a new boiler complete, which we can fix here.\n\nNo. 4 Steamer by Shand and Mason. This Engine is 5 years old and is in excellent condition. New valves have been fitted, and the working parts adjusted.\n\nNo. 5 Steamer by Shand and Mason. Was supplied upon my recommendation last year. This engine is of the most modern type, and has proved a valuable auxiliary to our fire extinguishing apparatus.\n\nStanley Floating fire pump has only been used once during the past year, and is not available on emergency, as the launch is kept at Stone Cutters' Island.\n\nThe manual engines, 9 in number, are all in good working order.\n\nGenerally, though the calls on the Fire Brigade have been heavy this year, I am happy to state that no Engine has been totally disabled during a fire, and no serious breakdown has occurred at any time, yet I am still of opinion that we have not sufficient engines for the increasing size of the Colony, as two fires at the same moment would drain our resources, and an engine laid up for repairs renders our appliances insufficient.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour most obedient Servant,\n\n(Signed) JOHN S. BREWER, Assist. Supt, and Engineer.\n\nH. E. WODEHOUSE, Superintendent, Fire Brigade.\n\nH. E. WODEHOUSE, Esq., C.M.G.,\nSuperintendent, Fire Brigade,\n&C.\n&C.,\n&c.",
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    {
        "id": 354467,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-263 - Acting Governor Barker Governor Sir Robinson - 1894 [5-8]",
        "page_number": 201,
        "title": "CO129-263 - Acting Governor Barker Governor Sir Robinson - 1894 [5-8]",
        "content_text": "402\n\nTHE HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS AND\n\nThere were then under treatment, thirteen cases on the Hygeia, and fourteen at Kennedy town, making a total of 27, as against 41 on the previous day.\n\ndying there after an illness of 24 hours. The symptoms were almost identical with those of the plague, and there is only too much reason to believe that this is the commencement of the disease in the hitherto uninfected eastern district. The agent of the Messageries Maritimes Company issued the following express on Wednesday: To order to avoid sanitary difficulties in further ports the steamer Oceanien, leaving at 2 p.m., will take neither passengers nor cargo.\n\n18th May: The continuation of the rain on Thursday was hailed with great satisfaction, and both plague and water famine, from which we have been suffering, will doubtless in a few days entirely disappear. There is some indication that the plague is already abating and that the conditions favourable to its development having been removed by the rain, the port will soon be declared free from the disease. The total number of deaths reported from noon on Wednesday to noon yesterday was 20, of which 2 occurred on the Hygeia, 9 in Kennedy town Hospital, and 9 in outside districts. There were only 10 new cases yesterday, 3 being admitted to the Hygeia, and 7 to the Kennedy town Hospital. 44 cases are at present under treatment,\n\nThe following circular has been issued by the Sanitary Board for the guidance of all concerned, and has been circulated among the police and sanitary officers:\n\nObservations to be made by officers conducting house to house visitation:\n\n1. See if the patient is feverish. \n2. Look for swellings (buboes) under the arms, on the groin, on the neck, above the elbow. \n3. Observe if the patient has an anxious expression and if he is walking with a tottering gait.\n\nThe rainfall registered to 10 a.m. on Wednesday, for the preceding twenty-four hours, was 0.26 inch, and for the twenty-four hours ending 10 a.m. on Thursday 2.23 inches. There were heavy showers later in the day.\n\nOur Saigon correspondent telegraphs that Hongkong has been declared an infected port and vessels arriving at Saigon are subjected to six days' quarantine.\n\nPRECAUTIONS AT MACAO.\n\nThe following order is published in the Macao Boletim Oficial:\n\nBubonic plague having appeared in epidemic form in the neighbouring ports of Canton and Hongkong and causing a considerable number of deaths amongst the Chinese population of those two cities;\n\nAt the Police Court on Tuesday there were several cases of failure to report the occurrence of the disease, and doubtless a few convictions and fines will make landlords more alive to the vital necessity of bringing the cases to the attention of the authorities without the slightest delay. Ning Kin and Lan Chuk, widows, the occupants respectively of Nos. 72 and 74, Market Street, were charged by Inspector Quincey before Mr. H. E. Wodehouse with neglecting to report the outbreak of plague in their houses. The Inspector stated that he visited the places and found men suffering from the disease, whom he had removed to the Hygeia. The symptoms were very pronounced at the time and there would be no difficulty in identifying the disease. His Worship fined the first defendant $2 or fourteen days' and discharged the second. Lai You Chang, a teacher, for a similar neglect in respect to a case at 10, Wai Tak Lane, was fined $5 or in default 14 days' imprisonment.\n\nThe fire engines on Tuesday were engaged in flushing the sewers and drains of the Taiping-shan district from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. The water was pumped from the harbour by the floating engine up to the Hollywood Road level and from thence to the China Road. A good quantity of water was used. This operation will be continued to-day.\n\nDepartmental orders have also been issued calling upon the Chinese to keep their houses clean.\n\n19th May. It is regrettable to have to report that the plague has again increased and that both the numbers of deaths, admissions, and cases are larger than those of the previous day. It will be remembered that the returns on Thursday on the face of them showed a gratifying diminution of the disease, and the copious downfall of rain continuing it was confidently and naturally anticipated that this diminution would be even more pronounced yesterday. The official returns, however, up to noon on Friday show that in the twenty-four hours 25 deaths occurred, 7 were from noon on Thursday on board the Hygeia, 9 at Kennedy town Hospital, and 9 outside, as against a mortality of 21 on Thursday. The new cases were 29, viz, 12 on the Hygeia and 17 at Kennedy town, being an increase of 19. The total number of cases under treatment is 56 against 44 at the last report. This increase is not regarded by the authorities in a serious light, and no apprehensions are entertained that the disease is baffling the exertions made to stamp it out. In fact, the medical officers take a hopeful view and feel sure that the worst is now past. The increase is ascribed to the complete organisation which is operating for the detection of cases. On Friday twelve men from the Royal Engineers and twelve from the Shropshire Light Infantry were enrolled as special sanitary officers, which makes the staff numerically strong and adequate to the necessities of the work to be done. The house to house visitation is divided into sections, and it is almost impossible now that cases of plague can pass undiscovered.\n\nThe Manila authorities have prescribed 15 days' observation on all vessels arriving from this port.\n\nAt the Magistracy on Friday a hawker was charged with failing to report a case of plague which occurred in his house on the 17th inst. Defendant pleaded that he could not leave the premises, but Commander W. H. Hastings, before whom the case was heard, imposed a fine of $50 with an alternative of two months' hard labour.\n\n21st May,\n\nHaving received the advice of the Provincial Sanitary Board:\n\nI hereby order:\n\n1. That the supply of water to the public by boats stationed along the Praia Grande and in the inner harbour be continued with the greatest regularity.\n\n2. That the drains be flushed daily, especially in the districts occupied by the Chinese population, and more particularly the districts of Volong, San-kin, Sa-tong, Patane, Mong-ha, and the village of Barra.\n\n3. That the pavement of the slaughter house and its appendages be daily washed with salt water.\n\n4. That on the arrival of any vessel from Canton or Hongkong, including the steamers and launches of the regular lines, an officer of the Sanitary Board shall inspect the passengers, and especially the Chinese passengers, to ascertain if any of them are suffering from the bubonic plague or exhibit suspicious symptoms.\n\n5. That the commandant of the water police shall give the necessary directions in order that lorcha or other boats from Hongkong or Canton may not land any individual suspected to be suffering from the disease; and any case presenting its symptoms shall be detained on board until examined by an officer of the Sanitary Board, who shall be immediately informed.\n\n6. If any passenger be found to be suffering from bubonic plague, whether on board steamers or launches, such passenger shall not be landed; and if any case of the disease be found on a sailing vessel or boat propelled by oars the vessel shall be immediately to be immediately towed out of the harbour, and removed by a copious rainfall we may confidently anticipate the speedy disappearance of the evil result.\n\nGovernment Palace, Macao,\n\n15th May, 1894.\n\nThe Governor of the Province,\n\nJose M. da Horta e Costa.\n\nwork of soaching and disinfecting the localities\n\nfor development it was hoped that in a few days such an appreciable conquest of the disease would be achieved that no further danger need be anticipated. A certain section of the Chinese have now, however, attempted to frustrate all these efforts, and are determined to assert aggressively the ignorance and stupidity which peculiarly belong to the multitude of the natives. It will be remembered that one of the first acts of the permanent committee was to order the removal of all patients from the Tung Wah Hospital to the Hygeia, and the next wise edict was that no patients were to be sent there, but removed direct to the bulk. There was at the time much grumbling and opposition to this course, the patients themselves, with the instinct of their race, objecting, sometimes violently to their removal to the Hygeia and their treatment by Western skill and science. It appears that this feeling of resentment has been simmering and increasing during the past few days, and on Saturday it broke bounds and completely disorganised the work of cleansing, disinfecting, and investigating, which was in progress. Mr. Lau Wai Chuen, a member of the Sanitary Board and also Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital Committee, has, with an intelligence which unfortunately does not belong to all his countrymen, lost the Government his hearty co-operation in the measures they have taken. Some of his colleagues on the Hospital Committee, however, imbued with anti-foreign feeling, have resisted this policy, and by their influence have created a strong opposition among the native population to the work which the authorities are prosecuting with such vigour.\n\nMay 24, 1894.\n\nCHINA OVERLAND TRADE REPORT.\n\n198\n\n4.3\n\nAnother case occurred yesterday among the Portuguese community, the patient being taken to the Hygeia.\n\nSingapore has imposed nine days' quarantine, including the time occupied by the passage, rioting, the Government having met the Tung Wah Hospital Committee in their demand that there be no further danger of a renewal of the.\n\nMEETING AT THE TUNG WAH HOSPITAL\n\nA largely attended meeting of Chinese was held on Sunday at the Tung Wah Hospital, there being present about seventy members of the leading firms and some four hundred others. The Captain Superintendent of Police and the Colonial Surgeon attended the meeting.\n\nMr. Lau Wai Chuen occupied the chair. He said that many people had preferred a request that persons suffering from the plague should be allowed to be conveyed to Canton, if their relatives so desired, by special launches.\n\nThe Captain Superintendent of Police replied that he was instructed to state that information had that morning been received from Canton that the officials there would not allow persons suffering from the disease to be landed there. Mr. Lau Wai Chuen interpreted Mr. May's reply to the meeting, who received it with strong marks of dissatisfaction. Mr. Lau Wai Chuen, endeavoured to maintain order and said he would personally apply to the Government here and the officials at Canton in relation to the matter. He suggested that they should send a petition to Canton signed by all the leading firms of the colony.\n\nYesterday morning the sanitary officers reported a house supposed to be empty and made the horrible discovery that there were five corpses on the premises and four very serious cases, all exhibiting pronounced symptoms of the plague.\n\nYesterday morning one of the turnkeys in the Victoria Gaol reported himself sick and Dr. Marques, suspecting from the symptoms that the man was suffering from plague, sent him immediately to hospital. A prisoner in the gaol, who had been convicted for not reporting a case of plague, was also removed to the new Chinese Hospital for treatment.\n\nThe arrangements for the burial of victims of the plague do not appear to be quite satisfactory. A good deal of delay takes place before the bodies are interred, separate graves having to be dug in a rather rocky and refractory soil. The squatters on the land contiguous to this cemetery have petitioned the Government on the matter. Evidently a more suitable site ought to be selected.\n\nOn Saturday many of the houses visited were blockaded and the sanitary officers stoned, and in the afternoon all attempts to continue the house to house inspection had to be discontinued, the work being rendered exceedingly unsafe and difficult. A mob also collected at the Po Leung Kuk office and broke the windows, but was dispersed by the police before doing further damage. On Sunday, while a meeting at the Tung Wah Hospital was in progress, Mr. Lau was hurriedly sent for, news arriving that his hong was being wrecked. When Mr. Lau left the building he was surrounded by a howling mob of Chinese and had to be escorted by police to his residence. Mr. P. R. May, Captain Superintendent of Police, grasped the situation at once and sent a mounted contingent of armed Sikhs to the district, the presence of which fortunately prevented further disturbances.\n\nThe Government have so far met the Chinese opposition as to assent to the establishment of a temporary hospital under the management of the Tung Wah at the Glassworks, Kennedy town, to which all patients will be removed and where they will be treated by native practitioners, and the use of the Hygeia for the reception of plague patients will be discontinued.\n\nOn Sunday the house to house inspection was recommenced, the officers being protected by a strong police guard.\n\nSome cases have been reported on the mainland and proclamations have been issued prohibiting the immigration of Chinamen from Hongkong. At Haiphong several persons have fallen victims to the disease.\n\nThis suggestion was unanimously agreed to. The Captain Superintendent of Police said that rumours were current that people not suffering from the disease had been taken to the Hygeia and the Kennedy town Hospital, people who were not sick at all, but this could be at once disproved if any of those present would go with him to examine the patients, when it would be seen they were all sick people suffering from the plague. If those attacked were not segregated it would be impossible to prevent the spread of the disease, and he referred to the visitation of the plague in England two hundred years ago and the great mortality it caused. He suggested to the Chairman that he should advise the people that they should avoid overcrowding in their dwellings, and then the number of persons attacked by the disease would decrease.\n\nCONFERENCE AT GOVERNMENT HOUSE.\n\nAn important conference was held yesterday at Government House for the purpose of discussing the new turn events have taken and considering the course of action to be adopted in the immediate future. His Excellency Sir William Robinson presided, and there were also present H.E. Major-General Barker, Hon. J. H. Stewart Lockhart (Acting Colonial Secretary), Hon. N. G. Mitchell-Innes (Colonial Treasurer), Hon. Ho Kai, Dr. P. B. C. Ayres (Colonial Surgeon), Mr. F. H. May (Captain Superintendent of Police), Mr. J. J. R. Crook, Dr. James, Francis Q.C., Mr. J. A. M. S., Dr. Lan Wai Chuen. The meeting lasted for some time. The first business was the consideration of representations by the permanent committee of the Sanitary Board as to the inadequacy of the number of sanitary officers.\n\nApplication was made for the enrolling of 400 assistants for the work of cleansing and disinfecting.\n\nAt this stage of the proceedings a petition was presented from the residents in East Street complaining of the treatment they had received at the hands of the sanitary officers, entering their houses unexpectedly and frightening the children. The petitioners asked that attention should be given to this matter.\n\nAt this time news arrived that a mob was attacking Mr. Lau Wai Chuen's establishment in Bonham Strand, the Tung San Wo, and\n\nOn Sunday night everything was quiet and it was hoped there would be no renewal of the disturbances.\n\nThe decrease in the number of cases reported for the twenty-four hours up to noon on Sunday is, it is to be feared, due to interruption of the inspection rather than to any actual diminution of the disease.\n\nA notice was subsequently issued by the Committee of the Tung Wah Hospital stating that the Government has consented to allow all patients suffering from plague to be treated by the doctors of the Tung Wah Hospital. The notice also informs the people that they need not be alarmed by the visits of the sanitary officers, as any one found to be suffering from plague will now be removed to the Tung Wah's branch hospital instead of being taken to the Hygeia.\n\nAt the Police Court on Saturday there were some more cases of failure to report outbreaks of plague. Wong Chan, a married woman, was so charged. P.S. Moffat said that he visited the house of the defendant No. 64, First Street, at 11 a.m. on the 18th. In the first room visited he found a man lying dead, and another man (the husband of the defendant) was very ill in the same apartment. In another room in the Cookhouse he discovered a woman very ill lying under a bed, and in the cockloft a girl was seriously ill. All, both the dead and the living, had the symptoms of bubonic plague. Defendant pleaded that she was a very poor woman, and was fined $5, which she paid. Chan Chol, a shopkeeper at No. 6, Hung Lane, off Queen's Road West, was also charged with concealing a case. P.S. Smith said that he went into the premises and found a man suffering from plague. There were a number of persons present, who ran away on his arrival. A like fine was imposed.\n\nWe have heard of a somewhat curious case in connection with the plague. A few days ago a coolie was charged with cutting and wounding a companion and the hearing of the charge was remanded for a week by the sitting Magistrate, bail of $250 being allowed and procured. The following day the unlucky coolie was seized with the disease and died on board the Hygeia.\n\nThe Spanish Consul received the following official telegram despatch from Manila at 9:53 a.m. on Saturday: \"Hongkong has been declared an infected port, and vessels from thence are subject to fifteen days' quarantine.\"\n\nInformation has also been received that a proclamation will be issued to-day addressed to the Chinese explaining the objects of the preventative measures now being prosecuted and calling upon them to co-operate therein and assist the Government.\n\nMr. May stated at the meeting yesterday that he and his assistants had been welcomed and not obstructed in the different houses visited.\n\nThe following are the returns for the twenty-four hours to noon yesterday:\n\nHygeia, Kennedy town Hospital, City, Total, Decrease.\n\nAdmissions: 2, 3, 0, 5, \nDeaths: 3, 2, 0, 5, \nUnder treatment: 26, 20, 17, 63, 28\n\nThe Government, we understand, is fully prepared to support the permanent committee of the Sanitary Board to the utmost. There is a suspicion that jealousy between different sections of the Chinese is at the bottom of the recent disturbances and ill-feeling.\n\nTHE DISTURBANCES-POLICE COURT PROCEEDINGS.\n\nMr. H. E. Wodehouse was yesterday morning engaged at the Police Court in hearing several cases arising out of the disturbances in Chinatown reported in yesterday's issue.\n\nYesterday Yea Kay, a hawker, was charged with behaving in a disorderly manner in Po Yan Street.\n\nPage 403\n\n...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-263 - Acting Governor Barker Governor Sir Robinson - 1894 [5-8].txt",
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        "id": 360467,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-271 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1896 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 663,
        "title": "CO129-271 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1896 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "# \n\nPrior to 30th January, all persons inhabiting premises in which a case of plague occurred were isolated in floating hotels (i.e., boats) for a period of 10 days. On 30th January, the Board decided by a majority of 1, the President and Vice President voting against the motion, to allow persons to proceed to Canton instead of to the boats after their clothing had been disinfected. On the same date, the Board decided to address His Excellency the Governor, pointing out the desirability of obtaining further medical assistance.\n\nOn the 13th February, the Board agreed that bubonic plague existed in the Colony in an epidemic form and advised engaging Europeans and Chinese Interpreters for house-to-house visitation work.\n\nOn the 27th February, the Board declared Health Districts Nos. 4, 5, 6, & 7, viz., the Central and Western portions of the City, to be affected by bubonic plague under Bye-law 22, Ordinance 15 of 1894.\n\nOn the 13th March, the Board, owing to the number of cases found in the streets, recommended that persons suffering from bubonic plague be allowed to leave the Colony subject to certain conditions, the President and Vice President dissenting.\n\nOn the 27th March, the Board recommended that permission be granted to remove plague corpses from the Colony, the President and Vice President dissenting. As yet, however, no arrangements have been made for the conveyance of patients or corpses outside the limits of British Territory.\n\nOn the 20th April, Health Districts 1 & 2, viz., the Eastern portion of the City, were declared affected by bubonic plague under Bye-law 22, Ordinance 15 of 1894.\n\nIt was further agreed that persons removed from infected premises be allowed to return after the premises had been disinfected and cleansed.\n\nOn the 9th April, the Board approved the course taken as described in the President's letter to the Honourable the Colonial Secretary dated the 3rd April, a copy of which is attached, and appointed a Select Committee consisting of the President, the Captain Superintendent of Police, and the Medical Officer of Health to supervise the cleansing and lime-washing of premises and the house-to-house visitation.\n\nThe measures proposed in the President's letter of the 3rd instant above referred to have been in force, with the exception of the assistance of the district watchmen, since the 9th instant, and there is a decrease in the number of cases daily occurring.\n\nThe sick, as heretofore, are being treated at the Kennedy Town Hospital under the charge of the Colonial Surgeon, and the remains of those dying are buried at the Plague Cemetery at Kennedy Town.\n\nThe Board are of opinion that, with the assistance now at its disposal, they will be able to do all that is practicable with a view to preventing the spread of the disease and dealing with such cases as are likely to occur.\n\nThe draft of this letter was circulated to members, and I append the minutes which members have written on the circulating cover.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour most obedient servant,\n(Signed.) HUGH MCCALLUM,\nSecretary.\n\nPage 660\n\n## \n... 15 of 1894, and recommended that the assistance of the Military in the work of cleansing and lime-washing and house-to-house visitation be asked for.\n\nIt was...",
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        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-273 - Governor Sir Robinson & Others - 1896 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 381,
        "title": "CO129-273 - Governor Sir Robinson & Others - 1896 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "378\n\n2. Military Expenditure,...\n\nThe principal increases in expenditure, as compared with the Estimates for 1896, appear under the following heads:-\n\n1. Public Works Extraordinary chargeable to Loan, $170,800\n\n2. Military Expenditure, $30,079\n\n3. Pensions, $26,000\n\n4. Public Works Recurrent, $23,300\n\n5. Post Office, $22,181\n\n6. Public Debt, $11,447\n\n7. Sanitary Department, $9,800\n\n8. Medical Department, $4,542\n\nThe increase in Military Expenditure is due partly to an increase of $9,000 in the amount set apart for \"Barrack Services,\" but chiefly to increased (estimated) revenue. Only $61,000 of the estimated total Military Expenditure is included in the Appropriation Bill, viz., $49,000 for Barrack Services and $12,000 for the Volunteers, as the Bill to which I have already referred and which is designed purposely to remove the question of voting the Defence Contribution from the arena of yearly debate, will provide for the appropriation of 17 per cent. of the revenue, less premia on land sales, to meet that contribution.\n\nThe increase under the item of Public Works Recurrent is accounted for chiefly by the cost of maintaining the new waterworks at Shaukiwan and Aberdeen, and increased cost of maintenance of roads and bridges, and of the repairs to buildings which will probably be necessary during next year.\n\nThe additional charge on account of the Public Debt is due to the increase in the contribution to the Sinking Fund, which commenced only in October last.\n\nThe large increase in the cost of the Sanitary Department calls for some special explanation.\n\nIt has been found that the present staff of inspectors is not sufficient to provide for the inspection of the Chinese houses with the frequency and regularity which are necessary. The Sanitary Board has accordingly recommended, and the Secretary of State has sanctioned, the appointment of two more inspectors of nuisances, with the necessary additional interpreters and foremen of street cleansers. The salaries for these new appointments, with various stipulated increments in the pay of other officers, and the salary of a temporary clerk who was appointed in April, 1895, and whose salary does not appear in the 1896 Estimates, accounts for the increase in personal emoluments, while the increase under \"other charges\" is principally due to the higher figures at which the scavenging contracts are let.\n\nThe increase under the heading \"Post Office\" is due entirely to estimated increase in transit charges, or the sum which this Colony has to pay for the conveyance of its mail matter. This increase need cause no alarm; on the other hand, it is a matter of congratulation, for it indicates an estimated expansion of business and consequent increase of profit.\n\nThe increase in the cost of the Medical Department is owing to the appointment of an Assistant Surgeon in place of the Medical Officer of the Gaol, at a higher salary; to the appointment of an additional Sister, and to well-deserved increases in the pay of Dr. Lowson and the Analyst and Assistant Analyst, and a few minor appointments, including the Chinese staff for the new Isolation Hospital.\n\nEconomies have been effected as opportunity offered, on the lines suggested by the Retrenchment Committee, but such opportunities have been rare.\n\nThe rate of exchange for the Estimates for 1897 has been taken at 2/1, the same rate as was taken for 1896, which may be regarded as a safe rate so far as the word \"safe\" can be applied to exchange.\n\nIf any further information is desired with regard to the Estimates, it will be furnished in Finance Committee or when the Council is in Committee on the Bill. I have now only to ask you, gentlemen, to vote the sum necessary to defray the charges for the coming year.\n\nI will now make a few remarks upon the general condition of the Colony financially and otherwise.\n\nThe total estimated revenue for 1896 was $2,288,366. Of this sum, $2,120,680 had been collected up to the end of October, and the total revenue will probably be about $2,495,000, while the total expenditure chargeable to revenue will be about $2,445,000, leaving a surplus of Revenue over Expenditure of some $50,000.\n\nThe increase in receipts over the amount which was estimated is principally due to premia on Land Sales, which have yielded already over $250,000 as against an estimated total for the whole year of $70,000.\n\nThere are also noticeable increases in the receipts up to the 31st October, under the headings \"Light Dues,\" \"Licences and Internal Revenue not otherwise specified\" and \"Post Office,\" over the estimated receipts up to that date.\n\nThe principal items of unforeseen expenditure, which were not provided for in the Estimates for 1896, are $20,000 for a new floating engine for the Fire Brigade and nearly $70,000 for expenses incurred in connection with the repression of the plague.\n\nTurning now to the question of the health and sanitation of the Colony, the present year will be a memorable one owing to the unfortunate recurrence of the disease known as bubonic plague, which was so disastrous in 1894. The outbreak commenced early in the year, the disease was at its worst stage in April and May, and was not finally stamped out till the end of September. The total number of cases brought to notice was 1,204, of which 1,097 ended fatally. The Europeans attacked numbered 15, of whom 7, including two soldiers and one inspector of nuisances, succumbed to the disease. Sister Catherine, one of the two sisters who were engaged in nursing at the Plague Hospital, was also attacked by the disease, but fortunately recovered. The largest number of fresh cases in one week was 100, from the 23rd to 30th May, and the greatest number of deaths was 87, for the week ending 9th May.\n\nDuring the whole of this period, the Sanitary Board and its staff, ably assisted by members of the Police and of the Garrison, whose services were kindly lent, and all those connected with the work of suppressing the plague, were untiring in their efforts, and they deserve great credit for their zeal and energy. It is perhaps too much to hope that the disease will not again visit this Colony, and we must, I fear, be prepared for its re-appearance in spite of every effort to prevent it.\n\nIt is satisfactory to record that, though many of the wealthier Chinese sent their wives and families to the mainland, there was no general exodus of the population such as occurred in 1894, and business proceeded much as usual. Dr. Yersin and Dr. Kreasaro, whose names and attainments are so well known, have each prepared an antitoxin for the treatment of the plague, and I am taking steps to secure a supply of the preparation. Finally, I cannot dismiss the subject of the plague without recording the Colony's indebtedness to the Medical Department of this Colony, including the Sisters. Dr. Wmy, of the Imperial German Navy, whose services were kindly lent by Admiral Hoffman, also rendered invaluable assistance throughout in treating the patients at the Kennedytown Hospital, of which he was in charge, and by his scientific investigations, which, it is hoped, will prove of much benefit in dealing with this terrible disease. Many useful measures have been undertaken by the Sanitary Board with a view to the prevention of overcrowding and for the improvement of the sanitary condition of the native quarters of the City. This question, however, is of so difficult a nature that I have appointed a Commission to enquire into the existence of insanitary properties and to report on the best mode of dealing with them. The matter is now under their consideration.\n\nThe Colony is to be congratulated on its immunity from any outbreak of cholera, such as has visited the sister colony of Singapore.\n\nA typhoon of unusual severity swept over the Colony on the 29th July last. It caused great damage to property, but fortunately, owing to the timely warning of its approach given by the Director of the Observatory, the loss of life was not great.\n\nImprovements have been made in the condition of the Tung Wa Hospital. The desirability of reforming that institution has formed the subject of enquiry and report by a Commission. I am in possession of their views on the matter and am devoting my earnest attention to the question, which is one of considerable difficulty and delicacy.",
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    {
        "id": 366020,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-281 - Governor Sir Robinson & Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 355,
        "title": "CO129-281 - Governor Sir Robinson & Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "# STEAMER No. 4. (Land Engine by Shand and Mason.)\n\n348\n\nThis engine has been 16 years in service; the pump valve seats have been thoroughly overhauled and new valves fitted. It has been regularly tested for efficiency at the monthly drills, and is now in good working order.\n\n## STEAMER NO. 5. (Land Engine by Shand and Mason.)\n\nThis engine has been 12 years in service; it has been very little used for fires this year, but has been regularly tested at drill and is now in good working order.\n\nSeven Manual Engines and fittings are all in good order. The hose, reels, ladders and supply fittings are all in good order and condition.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour obedient Servant,\nD. MACDONALD,\nActing Engineer, Government Fire Brigade.\n\n## List of Places where Fire Brigade Despatch Boxes are kept.\n\n| Location | Number of Boxes |\n| --- | --- |\n| Naval Dock Yard | 1 Box |\n| No. 1 Police Station | 1 |\n| Engine House at No. 2 Police Station | 1 |\n| Engine House in Albany Street | 1 |\n| Clock Tower | 1 |\n| Government Offices | 1 |\n| No. 7 Queen's Garden, Engineer's Mess | 1 |\n| Government House | 1 |\n| Central Police Station | 1 Box |\n| Government Civil Hospital | 1 |\n| Engine House at West Point | 1 |\n| No. Police Station | 1 |\n| Gas House, West Point | 1 |\n| Ko Shing Theatre | 1 |\n| Nain Pak Hong Fire Station | 1 |\n| Man Mo Temple | 1 |\n| No. 5 Police Station | 1 |\n\n## List of Telephones to which the Police can have access to communicate with Central Station in the event of a Fire breaking out.\n\n* Hongkong and China Gas Company, East and West Point, from 7 A.M. to 9 P.M.\n* Tung Wá Hospital, Po Yau Street.\n* Man On Insurance Office, Queen's Road West.\n* Hongkong Hotel, Praya Central.\n* Royal Naval Yard, Queen's Road East.\n* Mr. J. KENNEDY's Causeway Bay.\n\nThe Honourable F. H. MAY, C.M.G.,\nSuperintendent, Government Fire Brigade.\n\n## FIRES, 1887.\n\n| No. | DATE | SITUATION OF FIRE | No. of BUILDINGS DESTROYED | ESTIMATED AMOUNT OF PROPERTY DESTROYED |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|  |  |  | Wholly | Partly |  |\n| 1 | January 12 | No. 16, Sai Woo Lane, | 2 |  | 1,400 |\n| 2 | 13 | No. 142, Second Street, | 3 |  |  |\n| 3 |  | Electric Light Company, Queen's Road East. |  |  | 14,000 |\n| 51 | 15 | No. 48, Queen's Road West, |  |  | 23,000 |\n|  | 22 | Man Mo Temple, Hollywood Road, |  | 72 |  |\n|  | 28 | No. 63, Wellington Street, | 20 |  |  |\n|  | 26 | No. 59, Queen's Road West,.... |  |  | 3,000 |\n| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |\n| 35 | December 28 | No. 56, Bonham Strand, | 16 |  | 30,000 |\n|  |  | TOTAL, |  |  | 267,125 |\n\nHONGKONG, 28th January, 1898.\n\nSIR-I have the honour to forward herewith a report on the state of the Government Fire Engines for the year ending 31st December, 1897.\n\n## STEAMER NO. 1. (Floating Fire Engine by Shand and Mason.)\n\nThis engine is new. It was finished on the 22nd January and commenced work in February. It did good service at the Fire on board the S.S. Belgic, on the 21st April and has been found very suitable for harbour work. The propelling engine is of sufficient power to maintain a speed of 9 miles per hour, so that little time is lost in reaching a fire in any part of the harbour. With the exception of a burst tube which gave out at the finish of the fire on the Belgic, the boiler and machinery have given every satisfaction.\n\n## STEAMER NO. 2. (Land Engine by Shand and Mason.)\n\nThis engine has been 19 years in service; the original boiler which was worn out was replaced with a new one this year supplied by Shand and Mason. It has been well tested at drill and found satisfactory, and is now in good working order.\n\n## STEAMER No. 3. (Land Engine by Shand and Mason.)\n\nThis engine has been 19 years in service and is now in good order; the boiler has been regularly cleaned and examined and the machinery tested for efficiency at drill.\n\n| No. | DATE | SITUATION OF FIRE | No. of BUILDINGS DESTROYED | ESTIMATED AMOUNT OF PROPERTY DESTROYED |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|  |  |  | Wholly | Partly |  |\n|  | February 10 | No. 3, Bonham Strand, |  |  | 12,000 |\n|  | 17 | No. 129, Queen's Road West, |  |  | 2,900 |\n|  | March 9 | No. 15, Tsz Mi Lane, |  |  | 19,000 |\n|  | 10 | No. 76, Jervois Street, | 11 |  |  |\n|  | 23 | No. 17, Wing Kat Street, |  |  | 2,500 |\n|  | 24 | No. 34, Bonham Strand, |  |  | 1,800 |\n|  | April 5 | Blackhead & Co.'s Godowns at Tsimshatsui, | 14 | 30 |  |\n|  | 30 | No. 273, Queen's Road Central, |  |  | 8,000 |\n|  | May 4 | No. 35, Battery Road, |  |  | 600 |\n|  | June 14 | A Carpenter's Shed at Kennedy Town, |  |  | 200 |\n|  | July 3 | No. 28, Tank Lane, |  |  | 300 |\n|  | 25 | No. 185, Queen's Road West, |  |  | 26,000 |\n|  | August 23 | No. 311, Queen's Road Central, |  |  | 2,000 |\n|  | September 15 | No. 39, Wing Lok Street, |  |  | 1,200 |\n|  | 21 | No. 76, Queen's Road West, |  |  | 4,000 |\n|  | October 5 | No. 9, In Kee Lane, |  |  | 1,500 |\n|  | 7 | No. 5, Gage Street, |  |  | 3,000 |\n|  | November 5 | No. 9, Sheung Fung Lane, |  |  | 100 |\n|  | 16 | No. 259, Queen's Road Central, | 24 | 50 | 50,000 |\n|  | 24 | No. 13, Triangle Street, |  |  | 150 |\n|  | 27 | No. 1, Nallah Lane, |  |  | 190 |\n|  | 28 | No. 107, Wellington Street, |  |  | 1,000 |\n|  | 29 | No. 168, Queen's Road East, |  |  | 150 |\n|  | 29 | No. 165, Queen's Road East, |  |  | 150 |\n|  | 30 | No. 40, Wing On Street, |  |  | 16,000 |\n|  | December 1 | No. 31, Pound Lane, |  |  | 200 |\n|  | 11 | No. 15, Morrison Street, |  |  | 1,800 |\n|  | 20 | No. 5, Kan U Fong, |  |  | 1,500 |\n|  | 28 | No. 56, Bonham Strand, | 16 |  | 30,000 |",
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        "id": 373164,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-293 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [8-9]",
        "page_number": 521,
        "title": "CO129-293 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [8-9]",
        "content_text": "( 10 )\n\nThe statistics of minor offences reported for the last two years may be tabulated as follows:-\n\n  \n    CASES REPORTED\n    CASES REPORTED\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    IN 1897.\n    IN 1898.\n    INCREASE.\n    DECREASE.\n  \n  \n    1,104\n    1,765\n    361\n    \n  \n  \n    145\n    265\n    120\n    \n  \n  \n    4,122\n    4,581\n    409\n    \n  \n  \n    182\n    161\n    \n    29\n  \n  \n    780\n    939\n    159\n    \n  \n  \n    350\n    150\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Assault,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Gambling,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Miscellaneous,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Drunkenness,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Nuisances,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    No light or pass,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    TOTAL,.....\n    6,733\n    7,061\n    1,078\n    150\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    518\n  \n\n(11)\n\nVII. VITAL STATISTICS.\n\n(A.) Population.\n\nThe population at the last census, which was taken in 1897, was 246,880. As the returns of the 1891 census gave the figures at 221,441, there is thus an increase of 25,459.\n\nIt is estimated that in the middle of 1898 the population stood as follows:--\n\n  \n    Non-Chinese Civil Population,\n    8,732\n  \n  \n    City of Victoria, incl. Peak and Stonecutters' Island,\n    165,900\n  \n  \n    Villages in Hongkong and Kowloon,\n    \n  \n  \n    Chinese Population\n    \n  \n  \n    Floating population,\n    \n  \n  \n    Total,\n    \n  \n  \n    DEDUCT DECREASE,\n    150\n  \n  \n    NETT INCREASE,\n    928\n  \n\nThe following tabular statement shows the number of persons convicted and discharged on account of all offences, serious and minor, during each of the last five years :-\n\n  \n    \n    Convicted.\n    Discharged.\n  \n  \n    1894,\n    7,870\n    1,042\n  \n  \n    1895,\n    9,625\n    1,379\n  \n  \n    1896,\n    8,698\n    841\n  \n  \n    1897,\n    8,496\n    1,110\n  \n  \n    1898,\n    30,528\n    505\n  \n\nThe following is a comparative statement of the various classes of Convictions in the five years ending with 1898:\n\nSERIOUS OFFENCES.\n\n  \n    \n    1894.\n    1895.\n    1896.\n    1897.\n    1898.\n  \n  \n    Total Estimated Population of the Colony,\n    39,940\n    33,370\n    \n    239,210\n    3,073\n    3,385\n  \n  \n    Murder,\n    3\n    0\n    2\n    4\n    2\n  \n  \n    Robbery,\n    3\n    1\n    3\n    9\n    16\n  \n  \n    Burglary and Larceny in Dwelling-house,\n    5\n    30\n    30\n    32\n    23\n  \n  \n    Assault with intent to rob,\n    1\n    0\n    \n    0\n    \n  \n  \n    Kidnapping.\n    23\n    42\n    52\n    55\n    63\n  \n  \n    Unlawful Possession,\n    272\n    433\n    298\n    386\n    484\n  \n  \n    Larceny,\n    878\n    937\n    970\n    954\n    1,019\n  \n  \n    Other felonies,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n\n(B.) Public Health,\n\nThe total number of deaths during 1898 was 5,674, showing a death-rate of 22.3.\n\nOf the 5,674 deaths recorded, 1,175 were from Plague; therefore excluding deaths from plague the death-rate for the year was only 17.7.\n\nThe deaths were distributed as follows:-\n\n  \n    \n    \n    Death-rate\n  \n  \n    White\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Non-Chinese\n    200\n    16.2\n  \n  \n    Coloured...\n    91\n    33.6\n  \n  \n    \n    39\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    35\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    23\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    5\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    17\n    \n  \n  \n    Chinese,\n    5,383\n    22.5\n  \n  \n    Total,..\n    5,674\n    \n  \n  \n    Average Death-rate...\n    22.3\n    \n  \n\nMINOR OFFENCES.\n\n  \n    \n    1894.\n    1895.\n    1896.\n    1897.\n    1898\n  \n  \n    Assault,\n    1,224\n    1,478\n    1,378\n    1,497\n    1,634\n  \n  \n    Gambling,\n    1,151\n    1,503\n    1,441\n    1,795\n    2,380\n  \n  \n    Miscellaneous,\n    843\n    676\n    732\n    666\n    1,027\n  \n  \n    \n    4,161\n    5,968\n    5,147\n    4,538\n    5,112\n  \n  \n    Total,...\n    6,150\n    8,147\n    7,320\n    6,999\n    8,809\n  \n\nThe deaths in the army numbered 32, of which 23 were British and the rest Indian; there were 11 deaths among British seamen. per 1,000 of the deaths among British troops were due to malarial diseases alone. 2 Indian soldiers and 1 British soldier died of plague. Of this disease there was a serious outbreak in the spring, and of the 1,320 cases reported 1,175 proved fatal. This represents a mortality of 88.1 %. There was also an outbreak of small-pox. From enteric fever the total deaths numbered 23, which represents a mortality of 41.2 %. The mortality among the European cases was 35.1 %. The following tables comprise analyses of the cases treated and the number of deaths occurring during 1898 in the Government Civil Hospital and in the Tung Wah Hospital-",
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        "document_key": "CO129-317 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 539,
        "title": "CO129-317 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "# VI.—GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS\n\n## (a.)-HOSPITALS\n\nGovernment Hospitals consist of the Civil Hospital, to which is attached an isolated Maternity Hospital; Kennedy Town Infectious Diseases Hospital, and the hulk Hygeia.\n\nThe Civil Hospital contains 150 beds in 20 wards; the Maternity Hospital 6 beds for Europeans and 4 for Asiatics; and Kennedy Town Hospital 26 beds in the main building. In 1902, 206 cases were treated at Kennedy Town, of which 94 were cases of plague, 10 of small-pox and 52 of cholera.\n\n3,108 in-patients and 11,815 out-patients were treated at the Government Civil Hospital in 1902. There was a decided decrease in the number of admissions from malarial fever, the figures being 349 as compared with 787 in 1901.\n\nThe Tung Wa Hospital is mainly supported by voluntary subscriptions, and only receives a small contribution from the Government. It takes the place of a Poor-house and Hospital for Chinese sick and destitute. Chinese as well as European methods of treatment are employed in accordance with the wishes expressed by the patients or those who are responsible for them.\n\n## (b.)-ASYLUM\n\nThe Lunatic Asylum is under the direction of the Principal Civil Medical Officer. European and Chinese patients are separated, the European portion of the Asylum containing 8 beds in 8 separate wards, and the Chinese portion 16 beds. Patients of all races were treated during 1902, and there were 13 deaths.\n\n## OTHER GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS\n\nThe Prison, Observatory, Post Office, Educational establishments and other Government institutions are dealt with under separate heads.\n\n## VII-INSTITUTIONS NOT SUPPORTED BY GOVERNMENT\n\nAmong institutions recognised and encouraged but not to any considerable extent supported by Government may be mentioned the Po Leung Kuk and the College of Medicine for Chinese. The Po Leung Kuk is an institution presided over by the Registrar-General and an annually elected Committee of twelve Chinese gentlemen, for the protection of women and children. They receive daily instruction in elementary subjects and sometimes earn pocket-money by doing needle-work. During 1902 a total of 617 persons were admitted, made up of 494 women, 93 young girls, and 30 small boys. Of these, 201 were restored to their parents or sent to charitable institutions in China, 27 were sent to missionary schools and convents, 19 were married, 10 adopted, and 310 allowed to leave. The Home is medically attended by one of the Colonial Surgeons.\n\nThe Hongkong College of Medicine for Chinese was founded in 1887, for the purpose of teaching surgery, medicine and midwifery, especially to Chinese. The Government of the College is vested in the Court, of which the Rector of the College, who has always been a Government official, is President. 76 students have been enrolled up to 1903, and of these 18 have become qualified licentiates and have obtained various posts under Government and elsewhere. The institution is of great value in spreading a knowledge of Western medical science amongst the Chinese; and in addition to the employment of certain of the licentiates in the public service, the senior students have frequently been made use of for various purposes during epidemic seasons. A Government grant-in-aid of $2,500 is made to the College, to be used as honoraria to the lecturers.\n\n# VIII-CRIMINAL AND POLICE\n\n## STATISTICS\n\nThe number of convictions in the Superior Courts during the last five years is as follows:\n\n| Year | Offences against the Person | Offences against Property | Other Offences | Total |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1898 | 9 | 17 | 12 | 38 |\n| 1899 | 19 | 18 | 21 | 58 |\n| 1900 | 49 | 7 | 12 | 68 |\n| 1901 | 54 | 7 | ... | 61 |\n| 1902 | 54 | ... | ... | 54 |\n\nThe total of all cases reported to the Police was 10,421, as against 9,172 in 1901. This shows an increase of 13.61 per cent. In the division of these cases into serious and minor offences there appears an increase, as compared with 1901, of 594 cases or 17.45 per cent. in the former, and of 655 cases or 11.35 per cent. in the latter.\n\nThe serious offences in which the increase was most noticeable were burglary and larceny.\n\nThe increase in crime in the Colony is no doubt largely due to the restlessness of the neighbouring districts in China, and the influx of Chinese paupers who were the victims of bad harvests and spasmodic rebellions in the two adjoining provinces.\n\nThe Police Force is composed of 133 Europeans, 367 Indians and 419 Chinese, and has thus increased, largely owing to the necessities of the New Territory, by nearly 300 members during the past five years. The executive staff consists of a Captain Superintendent, a Deputy and two Assistant Superintendents.\n\nThe daily average of prisoners confined in the gaol during 1902 was 576. The average may be said to have been raised by about 25 per cent. during the past ten years.\n\nConstant attention is given to the instruction of long-sentence prisoners (first offenders) of good conduct, who are employed at industrial labour, viz.: Boot and Shoe-making, Tailoring, Mat-making, Carpentry, Tinsmithing, Net-making, Mattress-making, Rattan work, Knitting, Printing and Book-binding, the knowledge of which is useful and educational, rendering many of them much better adapted to earn an honest livelihood after their discharge from prison.\n\nThe total number of forms printed at the Gaol during the year 1902 was 3,050,828, and 11,949 books were bound. The value of work done by the Printing and Book-binding Department was $29,039.13. Deducting the cost of paper, leather, etc., used during the year, from the net earnings, the total profits on all industrial labour amounted to $29,439.91 for year 1902.\n\nThe Chinese inhabitants contribute by a voluntary assessment among themselves to the pay of District Watchmen, a native force which is of material assistance to the regular Police. During the year 1902 over $17,000 was contributed for this purpose.\n\n# IX-VITAL STATISTICS\n\n## (a).-POPULATION\n\nThe last Census was taken in January, 1901, when the population was found to be 283,975, exclusive of the Army and Navy. The estimated population at the beginning of the year under review (the naval and military forces being similarly excluded from the estimate) was 311,824, including 18,524 non-Chinese. Exclusive of the New Territory, the population of which is probably slightly under 110,000. The total population of the Colony may therefore be estimated in round figures at 421,000 of all nationalities. The total number of births registered in the Colony was 1,200 and of deaths 6,788. This gives an annual birth-rate of 3.8 and a death-rate of 21.7 per 1,000. The excess of deaths over births is explained by the fact that thousands of Chinese families are represented in Hongkong by men only, and that a large proportion of the population of the Colony is a floating population of adult males.\n\nIt should also be remembered that a large proportion of births among the Chinese remains unregistered. The preponderance of male over female births is very marked among the Chinese community, being in the proportion of 190 males to every 100 females. The proportion among the non-Chinese community was 111 to 100 as compared with 107 to 100 in 1901.\n\n## (b)-PUBLIC HEALTH AND SANITATION\n\nThe Colony was again visited by Plague in the Spring and Summer of 1902, though the outbreak was much less severe than in several former years. 546 Chinese are known to have died of this disease in the Colony, and 26 members of the British and Foreign community, which includes Asiatic Portuguese. 57 cases ...",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-318 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [7-10]",
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        "title": "CO129-318 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [7-10]",
        "content_text": "## 17 \n\nHospital with very favourable results. Therefore for comparison of case mortality with the people treated locally it was considered better to take the period embracing the first half of the epidemic. In that time there were 123 cases of Chinese patients of whom 106 died showing a mortality of 86.17 per cent. In the experimental block 35 cases were reported of which 10 were already dead. The number treated was therefore 25, with 21 deaths, showing a mortality of 84%. I am aware that these numbers are too small to afford a sound basis for scientific comparison yet it is satisfactory to find that so far as it went, the result of the experiment was apparently in its favour to the extent of 1.83%. In noting this result the disabilities of the system of local treatment as tried by me must be considered. I have stated that the prescriptions given by the Chinese doctors are good, so far as they go.\n\nBut with the administration of medicine the care of the average Chinese practitioner ceases, and the question of nourishment and all the assuagements that come under the head of nursing are neglected. The sufferers in my district would take no medicine save the usual prescription given by the Chinese doctor, which they obtained from the local druggist. The doctor, at my request, prescribed port wine, and beef tea, both of which I had supplied to the druggist, who was one of the most active members of the Kai-fong, and anxious to do anything in his power that might increase the chances of recovery. But the patients refused to take them, and I found them having nothing but rice, or congee, which is water thickened with rice flour. In Kennedy Town I understand that patients take the nourishment ordered for them without difficulty, and I am of opinion that with properly equipped local hospitals under proper supervision and with trained nurses the mortality would be sensibly diminished.\n\n## 19. \nWe found it difficult to trace the means of infection. The immunity of people living, sometimes for several days, in the same room went far to disprove the theory of contact. With the exception of Chu Kom and Wong Sam from No. 4 Sheung Fung Lane none of the people of that house who were attacked worked together, or partook of the same food. Fourteen days after Sheung Fung Lane had been cleansed out I directed that as many fleas, bugs, &c., as could be found should be sent to the Government Bacteriologist for examination. A number of bugs and a spider were found, and on the 10th June Dr. HUNTER reported that in both bugs and spider were found plague bacilli. At the same time he reported as the result of examination of a number of bugs, flies and fleas from No. 4 Sheung Fung Lane, where several cases of plague had arisen, that no bacilli were found. Again, after the death of the two boys who lived on the first floor of 109 Second Street, bugs were procured from the first floor and from the ground floor. Dr. HUNTER reported that in the two bugs from the first floor no bacilli were found, but a number of bugs from the ground floor were found infected with several plague bacilli. During a visit to the Plague Hospital at Kennedy Town, I observed a large number of flies in one ward, numbers of which had settled on the patients. I directed that a number should be sent for examination. On the 9th July, Dr. HUNTER reported that the majority of the flies were plague-infected. He reported at the same time that several cockroaches caught in a stall in the Central Market contained `B. pestis`. On the 1st June it was reported that fowls from the Western Market were found to have died of plague, and as the poorer classes of Chinese eat the entrails of fowl with their rice in a semi-cooked state, a notice was issued that such food if not thoroughly cooked was dangerous. On examining specimens of various foods exposed for sale, Dr. HUNTER has since found the `B. pestis` in inferior rice. I have suggested to Dr. THOMSON to find by experiment if mosquitoes which fed on plague patients contain bacilli, and several have been examined by Dr. HUNTER with negative results. The examination is, however, being continued.\n\n## 20. \nWe have from Professor SIMPSON's report evidence that pigs, calves, sheep, monkeys, geese, ducks, turkeys, hens, pigeons and rats are susceptible to plague, which may be contracted by food or by inoculation direct, or by means of suctorial insects. To this list the examination mentioned above adds bugs, spiders, flies and cockroaches. I may add that quails kept in the market for sale were also found to be infected. In paragraph 22, page 100, Professor SIMPSON points out that domestic animals suffer from chronic plague and surmises that this is probably one of the bridges by which the interval of the attacks in man is connected. I have for a considerable time been of opinion that man is himself subject to chronic plague, which may either pass away after a considerable time, or continue dormant over the winter months regaining activity with the annual movement of Spring when the sugar curve of the epidemic is almost constant. This opinion was strengthened by the fact that in August, 1899, the body of a Chinese lift-man at Queen's Buildings who was accidentally killed when attempting to enter the lift while in motion was found to contain plague bacilli. A similar result followed the examination of a man who on the 4th March, 1901, was killed at Tai Koo sugar works by a bag falling on his head from a height of 20 feet; while on the 2nd April, 1903, in the body of the chief steward of a ship lying in dock, found floating with a large wound on the head, were also found plague bacilli. Early in June several men from H.M.S. Ocean were sent to the Naval Hospital, suffering from pneumonia; on examination of their blood seven were found to be suffering from mild cases of plague. In like manner two Officers of the Sherwood Foresters who developed feverish symptoms were, on having their blood examined, found to be similarly affected. In the `Boletim Official` of Macao containing the report on the plague epidemic, 1895, Dr. GOMES DA SILVA, the Medical Officer who published the report in 1895, stated that during the height of the epidemic he had discovered plague bacilli in his own excreta.\n\n## 21. \nIn June I directed Inspector GIDLEY to obtain as many specimens of blood as possible, on slides procured from the Government Bacteriologist. He obtained 110 specimens from men, women and children taken at random. These slides were sent to Dr. HUNTER for examination, who reported that in five slides he found plague bacilli, and in seven slides \"bacilli were present in considerable numbers, some of which showed bipolar staining. They were not sufficiently distinctive, however, to be regarded as `B. pestis`.\" These slides were obtained between the 23rd June and 10th July. Since they were obtained there were but three cases of plague in the district, from none of which was a specimen of blood taken.\n\n## 22. \nI am not unmindful of the fact that these reports were the result of microscopic examination only. But the examination was the same as that on which a great many of the cases treated in Kennedy Town Hospital were sent to that institution where their cases ran the usual course of plague invasion.\n\n## 23. \nNow, putting aside the five doubtful slides, it will be seen that of those people examined at random 4.54 % were found to be infected with plague though to all appearance perfectly healthy. If we exclude all the well-to-do, and take the working coolie population alone, they probably number 180,000 and, assuming the same average amount of infection, there are among that class alone 8,172 persons at present infected in Hongkong. If even a quarter of that average be accepted for the 105,000 inhabitants of superior class the number of infected will be increased to 9,361. In Appendix G will be found the number of rats examined in each month of the present year with the proportion of infected rats. I am afraid that the incidents mentioned in para. 5 weakens deduction as regards Hong-kong. But from whatever source the rats were procured the proportion of infection in June was 9% or 4.46 % more than the percentage of the slides examined, or, if the doubtful cases mentioned by Dr. HUNTER be included, 1% less, while in January the proportion falls to 0.8 %. This being so, with the complete circle of vermin, insects, food, rats, domestic animals and man all infected in possibly similar, possibly different proportion, it appears to me unsound to concentrate attention upon the rat as the principal means of bridging over the dormant season.\n\n## 24. \nI do not know whether the conduct of a culture of the bacillus pestis has ever been observed for an annual cycle. I am informed that the usual culture in a culture tube dies in a short period, either by having exhausted the nutriment from the culture medium or by having poisoned it by its own toxin. If the blood of those in whom plague bacilli now exist without producing the usual effects of plague could be periodically examined all through the coming year much light might be thrown upon the dormant period, and the highly important question of the infectivity of these people might be solved. But failing this I have suggested the possibility of preparing a culture in so large a quantity of culture medium as will permit of the spread of the bacillus to the utmost extent during the period shown to be that of annual activity and still leave the medium in sufficient quantity to support any renewal of propagation. In this way I suppose that the annual movement of the bacillus might be observed.\n\nPage 230",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "title": "CO129-318 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [7-10]",
        "content_text": "## Government House; Hongkong, 26th August, 1903.\n\n288\n\nI have the honour to inform you that a Naval Hospital for infectious diseases erected at Morrison Hill is about to be opened.\n\n2. The Principal Civil Medical Officer on the 19th May called the attention of the Colonial Secretary to the fact, and recommended that the Hospital shall not be used as a Small-pox Hospital, but that the Naval Floating Hospital the \"Midge\" should continue to be used for this purpose. The enclosed correspondence will show that the Commander-in-Chief has declined to accept the suggestion of the Principal Civil Medical Officer and has ordered that the Hospital be used for Small-pox cases.\n\n3. Against this decision I most earnestly and strongly protest, and consider that if necessary legislation should be introduced to prevent it.\n\n4. Nothing is more clearly established than the danger of establishing a Small-pox Hospital within a short distance of any considerable aggregation of persons. This is shown in the minute of the Principal Civil Medical Officer of 1st, 2nd & 28th May.\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, M.P.",
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    {
        "id": 389388,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-318 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [7-10]",
        "page_number": 291,
        "title": "CO129-318 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [7-10]",
        "content_text": "## Aosure 2.\n\n17th August, 1903.\n\n289\n\n17th August, and has been recognised by the Colony by the construction of a Floating small-pox Hospital.\n\n5.\n\nThe New Naval Hospital for infectious diseases is situated on Morrison Hill at a distance of 140 yards from the Naval Hospital, of 277 yards from a row of the best class of European residences on the same level, with a row of European houses built round the base of the hill on the East, while close by on the West is a large Government School with a Chapel of the Wesleyan Mission, the Wanchai Market, and a dense population of Chinese. I attach a plan of the neighbourhood illustrating the position and I have the honour to request that the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty be approached in order that this grave danger to the City be avoided.\n\n## Enclosure 3.\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour most obedient\nHumble servant,\nHenry May\nGovernor, &c.",
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    {
        "id": 394017,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-325 - Public Offices & Others - 1904",
        "page_number": 7,
        "title": "CO129-325 - Public Offices & Others - 1904",
        "content_text": "the Community \n\n1 \n\nAnd that if the result of the expats \n\nis decided \n\nit is decided \n\nHospital. fall \n\ncost must upon the Hong Kong Community or not upon Naval \n\n2 \n\nprint and \n\nThe proposal made \n\nmade by the Health Committee \n\nshared \n\nthe \n\n6 \n\norders \n\nguarantee that \n\nSelected course \n\nshould \n\nin future \n\nthe \n\nin \n\nAmidst or treated Naval Floating \n\nthe Hospital. the \"Midge\" \n\nquestion of \n\nThe \n\nfr Lyttelton has apparently \n\nmisunderstood \n\nquestion of moving \n\nbut it \n\nwill take \n\nthe treatment \n\nThere was \n\nThe \n\nintended \n\nam \n\nJuan \n\nat if the opinion \n\nof independent expert showed \n\nSmall-\n\nthis hospital \n\nendangered \n\nthe \n\nwhich will in any case be available \n\nI propose for all infections \n\nExcept Cholera \n\n& Smallpox \n\nfor \n\ncool \n\nthe \n\ndoes not arise \n\nthe \n\n3. \n\nIt is viewed \n\nthe very generous \n\nsite \n\nfor \n\nare \n\nwhen \n\nthe \n\nthe hospital \n\ngranted to \n\nthe Naval \n\nAuthorities (See Co. letter of the 8 October 1899), \n\nho L. Trench \n\nthat",
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    {
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        "document_key": "CO129-325 - Public Offices & Others - 1904",
        "page_number": 8,
        "title": "CO129-325 - Public Offices & Others - 1904",
        "content_text": "Their Lordships\n\nwill agree\n\nto the\n\nunconditional proposal that\n\nexperts' opinion is unfavourable,\n\nSmall for cases shall in future be treated in\n\nthe Floating Hospital.\n\nL.\n\nW. L. G.\n\nreceived an answer to this letter.\n\nAt their Lordships'\n\nEarly convenience\n\n1.\n\nOffice or Individual.\n\nGenerally\n\n1904\n\n9 Mar\n\nLast previous Paper.\n\nYou\n\n35/9\n\n03\n\nWhy we\n\narro fo\n\nadmy infor\n\npano\n\n26 bel\n\n7 Mek\n\n18989\n\nHONG\n\n~\n\nNo.\n\n8424\n\n7\n\nDOMESTIC.\n\nC. O.\n\n8427\n\nRed IC MAR 04\n\n(Subject.)\n\nNaval Water Supply\n\na request reduction\n\nin charge and\n\nCase of the low consumption: similar representation:\n\nLucas to Jambon\n\n(Minutes.)\n\nto expect\n\n100. will make\n\ntheir\n\nThe Admiralty ought not\n\nto have everything\n\ntheir own way.\n\nI would reply\n\nthat\n\nThe same\n\nwill\n\nrefer\n\n$ £ & (78) ~[5861-201396-11]\n\nX\n\nNext subsequent Paper.\n\nW.Q\n\nTOIR\n\nthe matter to the\n\nCol: fort but that he thinks that that fact would be more likely to receive the suggestion favourably. If he could at\n\nthe same\n\ntime assure\n\nThen\n\nNaval authorities\n\nwould defer to the views of the Civil Community in the matter of treating Small-\n\ncases at\n\nPage 363\n\n363\n\nPage\n\n \n363\n\n[end of page]\n\nPage\n\n363\n\n[some text might be missing or cut off due to OCR errors]",
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    {
        "id": 405763,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 305,
        "title": "CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "301\n\nthe resources of the Colony would be able to meet the distress caused by the typhoon without having recourse to assistance from outside.\n\n39. The first business of the Relief Committee has been to meet the distress among the boating population. This has been done mainly through the agency of the Tung Wa Hospital by a sub-committee of that body presided over by the Registrar-General. Up to the 1st instant, 980 sufferers have been taken in. Of these, 670, after receiving assistance, have left to return to their villages or to seek work. 310 are still in the Hospital.\n\nFunds have also been placed at the disposal of the Assistant Land Officer and Assistant Superintendent of Police at Tai Po to meet cases of want in the part of the New Territories North of the Kowloon Hills caused by the ravages of the typhoon in Mirs Bay and in the rice fields on its shores. As reported to Your Lordship on the 25th September, so many entire families of the boating community have been lost that the number to be relieved is relatively small compared to the extent of the disaster. The way in which men, women, and children all went down together in their floating homes is one of its saddest features.\n\n40.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-335 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [8-10].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 410218,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-341 - Acting Governor May Governor Lugard - 1907 [7-10]",
        "page_number": 564,
        "title": "CO129-341 - Acting Governor May Governor Lugard - 1907 [7-10]",
        "content_text": "Page 2. Governor $5000 is put down for Furniture instead of $2500 as in Estimates for 1907. As there was a Supplementary vote for $10,000 this year (37091/1907), it would seem either that the furniture of Government Houses had been allowed to get in very poor condition (which Sir Henry Blake is hardly likely to have allowed when he was Governor) or that Sir F. Lugard is being somewhat extravagant. However we should hear all about it in reply to despatch of 29th October on 37091/1907.\n\nPage 23. Colonial Secretary Provision is made for the 3 cadets just sent out.\n\nPage 24. Registrar General Two small allowances are granted to Police Inspector and Sergeant at Yaumati for registration of births, etc., work.\n\nPage 25. Audit Department. Provision is made for increased salary to Local Auditor and for salary for the new clerk on $720-$900 but not for the other clerk approved on 35935 at $960-$1200 for railway audit.\n\nPage 31. Postal Agencies provision for Tientsin Agency retained.\n\nPage 36. Harbour. Steam Launches. The halving of the vote for Stores and sundries is explained as being due to upkeep of launches farmed to engineers in charge - a rather peculiar arrangement.\n\nPage 39. Miscellaneous Services The £100 to the London School of Tropical Medicine granted in 1903 for 5 years ceases. In 40437 however the Governor proposes to make an annual grant to the Seamen's Hospital Society Greenwich of $200. We should approve this.\n\nThe £200 a year for 5 years for 1906 asked for as contribution to the Imperial Institute Research work is voted.\n\nI think we should have this alone (PR para ll despatch to Lon on 3784/06 Ceylon).\n\nOther Miscellaneous Services $20,000. I think that this is too large a sum to leave to be spent anyhow - the only reference to this vote which I have found in former estimates is at end of Mr. Fiddian's memorandum on 41680/01. We objected to Ceylon having a considerable vote of this indefinite kind and I would do the same in the case of Hong Kong.\n\nRedemption of Subsidiary coin. $36,000 provided for this.\n\nThe increase in the vote for \"Refunds of Revenue\" from $25,000 to $38,000 is explained as due to \"more vacant houses and godowns\".\n\nPage 52.\n\nPage 57. Fire Brigade Special Expenditure $50,000 is provided for a Floating Fire Engine. This vote was attacked by Mr. Hewett (see debates) and defended by Mr. May.\n\nAllowance of $600 to Dr. Sibree who is in charge of midwives see Appendix page 92.\n\nPage 66 & 67. Botanical and Forestry Department. Appointment of a Chinese forester and allowances to Police officers for forestry work - see Appendix page 92.\n\nPage 70.\n\nPage 74.\n\nPage 76. Education - three more assistant masters provided for the Saiyingpun Anglo-Chinese school in addition to the one mentioned in 32211/07 - due to increase in numbers attending school.\n\nQueen's College provision made for sanctioned Normal Master.\n\nMilitary Contribution - I have sent on a draft informing War Office of estimated amount.\n\nSee Debates for attack on the contribution.",
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    {
        "id": 414061,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-347 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 563,
        "title": "CO129-347 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "# IX.-VITAL STATISTICS\n\n## (4) POPULATION\n\nThe population of the Colony according to the Census taken in 1901 was 283,975 while at the Census taken in 1906 it was 301,967 exclusive of the New Territories, New Kowloon and the Army and Navy Establishments. The estimated population at the middle of the year under review was 414,308 as follows:\n\n| Category | Population |\n| --- | --- |\n| Non-Chinese Civil Community | 12,700 |\n| Chinese Population, Hongkong, Kowloon | 192,400 |\n| Floating Population | 71,950 |\n| Mercantile Marine | 43,530 |\n| Army (average strength) | 2,700 |\n| Navy (average strength) | 3,920 |\n| New Territories (exclusive of Kowloon) | 6,077 |\n| Total | 414,868 (or 414,308) |\n\nAt the Census taken in 1906 the average strength of the Navy present in the Colony was 4,698.\n\n## (4) PUBLIC HEALTH AND SANITATION\n\nDuring the year under review considerable progress has been made in rendering existing domestic buildings rat-proof as a preventive of Plague. 370 ground surfaces of houses have been repaired, and 1,201 buildings have had rat-runs filled up with cement. In addition, 44 basements illegally inhabited have been vacated.\n\nNew buildings (domestic) to the number of 142 were erected during the year and in these the effect of the present Ordinance is seen in the increased amount of open space about the houses, which the law requires. Scavenging lanes which have to be provided in the rear of new houses also increase the open space about them and tend to reduce surface crowding.\n\nDuring the year there were 198 deaths from Plague, compared with 842 in 1906 and 287 in 1905.\n\nThere were 1,825 deaths from Respiratory Diseases amongst the Chinese; 655 of these deaths were due to Phthisis, a percentage of 9.6 of the total deaths amongst that community.\n\nBeri-beri caused 562 deaths—a high figure.\n\nThe deaths from Malaria were 579 as against 448 in 1906, and 287 in 1905, an increase which it is hoped will only be temporary. The average number of deaths from this disease has fallen from 526 in the quinquennium 1898 to 1902 to 383 in the quinquennium 1903-1907. Military returns of admissions to Hospital for Malaria show a marked reduction in the incidence of this disease, as will be seen from the **Table**.\n\n### Admission for Malaria: European Troops\n\n| Year | Strength | Admissions | Deaths | Ratio per 1,000 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1898 | 1,569 | 595 | 10 | 379.8 |\n| 1899 | 1,648 | 829 | ... | 504.6 |\n| 1900 | 1,484 | 629 | ... | 423.8 |\n| 1901 | 1,678 | 1,010 | ... | 603.7 |\n| 1902 | 1,881 | 1,523 | 1 | 102.8 (or 810.8) |\n| 1903 | 1,220 | 937 | ... | 768.0 |\n| 1904 | 1,426 | 390 | ... | 273.5 |\n| 1905 | 1,370 | 348 | ... | 254.0 |\n| 1906 | 1,525 | 180 (or 480) | ... | 314.75 (or 118) |\n| 1907 | 1,461 | 287 | ... | 196.00 |\n\n## (c) CLIMATE\n\nThe average monthly temperature throughout the year was 72.29°F as compared with 71.8°F in 1906 and 72.0°F during the ten preceding years. The maximum monthly temperature was attained in July, when it reached 87.1°F, and the minimum monthly temperature was recorded in February, when it was 55.2°F. The highest recorded temperature during the year was 91.6°F on the 29th August, and the lowest 45.0°F on the 31st January.\n\nThe total rainfall for the year was 93.54 inches as compared with an average of 77.96 inches during the past ten years. The wettest month was September, with 19.46 inches, the dryest, February, with only 0.16 inch. The greatest amount of rain which fell on any one day was 5.30 inches on the 15th September, while no rain fell on 215 days of the year. The relative humidity of the atmosphere throughout the year was 77 per cent, as compared with an average of 77 per cent during the past 10 years. The average daily amount of sunshine was 5.2 hours being 46 per cent of the possible duration.\n\nThe number of minor offences reported shows an increase of 423 as compared with 1906. The number of minor offences reported was 385 above the average of the quinquennial period.\n\nThe total number of persons committed to Victoria Gaol was 5,877, as compared with 5,799 in 1906, but of these only 2,460 were committed for criminal offences, against 2,575 in 1907. Of committals for non-criminal offences there were 84 less under the Prepared Opium Ordinance and 44 less for infringement of Sanitary Bye-laws.\n\nThe daily average of prisoners confined in the Gaol was 502, the average for 1906 being 518 and the highest previous average being 720 in 1904. The percentage of prisoners to population, according to the daily average of the former and the estimated number of the latter, was .144 as compared with .161, the average percentage for the last ten years. The Prison discipline was satisfactory, the average of punishments per prisoner being 1.50, as compared with 1.21 in 1906 and 1.47 in 1905.\n\nThe remunerative labour carried on in the Gaol consists of printing, book-binding, washing, carpentry, boot-making, net-making, painting and white-washing, mat-making, tailoring, oakum-picking, etc., the profit on the work done being $37,434 as against $34,495 in 1906.\n\nThe total strength of the Police Force for 1907 was Europeans 135, Indians 410, Chinese 503, making a total of 1,048, as compared with 1,047 in 1906 exclusive in each case of the five Superior Officers and a staff of clerks and coolies. These figures include Police paid for by the Railway, Private Firms, and other Government Departments. Of this Force, the District Officer and 13 Europeans, 101 Indians and 45 Chinese were stationed in the New Territories during the year.\n\nThe force of District Watchmen to which the Government contributes $2,000 per annum was well supported by the Chinese during the year. These watchmen patrol the streets in the Chinese quarter of the City. They are placed on Police beats and are supervised by the European Police on section patrol.\n\nPage 12\nPage 13",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-349 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 13,
        "title": "CO129-349 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1908 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "## D. Land Registry Office.(New Territories.)\n\nAllowances to 2 Police Officers acting as Land Bailiffs.\n\n1 5th. Grade Clerk (promotion).\n\n## POLICE AND PRISON DEPARTMENTS:-\n### A. Police.\n\n| Position | Number |\n| --- | --- |\n| 5th. Grade Clerk | 1 |\n| Telephone Clerk | 1 |\n| Sergeant Interpreters | 2 |\n| 1st. Class Constable (Chinese) | 1 |\n| Boatswain, Water Police | 1 |\n\n### B. Fire Brigade.\n\n| Position | Number |\n| --- | --- |\n| Assistant Superintendent | 1 |\n| Foreman and Engine Driver | 1 |\n| Engine Driver | 1 |\n| Stoker | 1 |\n| Seamen | 3 |\n\n## MEDICAL DEPARTMENTS:-\n### B. Hospitals and Asylum.\n\n| Position | Number |\n| --- | --- |\n| Probationer | 1 |\n| Amah, Lunatic Asylums | 1 |\n| Sister, Victoria Hospital (permanent appointment) | 1 |\n| Nurse, Victoria Hospital (promotion) | 1 |\n| Floating Engine. (whole year instead of 4 months.) allowance for Fuel and Light |  |\n\n### C. Institutes.\n\n| Position | Number |\n| --- | --- |\n| Bacteriological Assistant | 1 |\n\n## SANITARY DEPARTMENT;-\n\n| Position | Number |\n| --- | --- |\n| Sextons | 2 |\n| Fitter, Western Market | 1 |\n| Scavengers | 2 |",
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    {
        "id": 419926,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 472,
        "title": "CO129-357 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1909 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "465\n\n10\n\nVII.-INSTITUTIONS NOT SUPPORTED BY GOVERNMENT. Among institutions recognised and encouraged but not to any considerable extent supported by Government may be mentioned the Pó Leung Kuk, the Hongkong College of Medicine, and the City Hall.\n\nThe Pó Leung Kuk is an institution, incorporated in 1893, presided over by the Registrar General and an annually-elected Committee of 12 Chinese gentlemen, for the protection of women and children. The inmates of the Home receive daily instruction in elementary subjects and are allowed to earn pocket-money by needlework. During 1908, a total of 403 persons were admitted. Of these, 86 were released after enquiry, 22 were released under bond, 150 were placed in charge of their husbands, parents, or relations, 14 were placed in charge of the French Consul, 20 were sent to charitable institutions in China, 22 were sent to School, Convent or Refuge, 6 were adopted and 28 were married. One died during the year, one absconded, and fifty-three remained in charge of the Society at the end of the year.\n\nAn institution named the Eyre Refuge under Mission auspices, for the same general purposes, was re-organised during the year under a strong Committee, and Government contributes a small grant. It is hoped that this institution will work in conjunction with the Po Leung Kuk.\n\nThe Hongkong College of Medicine was founded in 1887. The government of the College is vested in the Court, of which the Rector of the College, who has always been a Government official, is President. The Lecturers, who are Government officials or private medical practitioners, each receive a small honorarium, the funds being derived from the fees of the students and a Government grant-in-aid of $2,500. The minimum curriculum of study is five years, and a preliminary examination in general accord with the regulations of the General Medical Council of Great Britain is required. 111 students have been enrolled up to date (May, 1909); and of these 37 have become qualified \"licentiates\". Most of the licentiates have settled in the Colony, and are exerting a most useful influence in the direction of displacing the native medical methods and popularising Western medical and sanitary knowledge, while a considerable number of them are employed as resident surgeons in the hospitals for Chinese, as medical officers in charge of the Public Dispensaries, and as assistant medical officers on the railway works. The work of the College has thus far been carried on in lecture-rooms and laboratories made available in various hospitals, &c., in different parts of the City. Steps were being taken to provide adequate buildings of its own; but action was suspended when the University Scheme was proposed. (See page 11.) If a University is established, the College will be merged into its Faculty of Medicine.\n\nThe City Hall receives an annual grant of $1,200 from Government. It contains a Theatre, some large rooms which are used for balls, meetings, concerts, &c., a Museum in which are some very fair specimens, and a large Reference and Lending Library, to which new volumes are added from time to time, as funds will allow. The Building was erected in 1866-9 by subscription.\n\nSmall grants are also given to the Italian Convent ($1,280), the French Convent (both of which take in and tend abandoned or sick infants), the West Point Orphanage, the Seaman's Hospital, and other charitable institutions.\n\nVIII.-CRIMINAL AND POLICE.\n\nThe total of all cases reported to the Police was 9,562 being a decrease of 1,978 or 17.14 per cent. as compared with 1907. In the division of these cases into serious and minor offences there is a decrease in the former as compared with the previous year of 64 cases or 1.93 per cent.\n\nThe number of serious offences reported was 37 below the average of the quinquennial period commencing with the year 1904. The number of minor offences reported shows a decrease of 1,914 as compared with 1907, and was 1,515 below the average of the quinquennial period.\n\nThe total number of persons committed to Victoria Gaol was 4,778 as compared with 5,877 in 1907, but of these only 1,975 were committed for criminal offences, against 2,460 in 1907. Of committals for non-criminal offences there were 394 less under the Prepared Opium Ordinance and 139 less for infringement of Sanitary Bye-laws.\n\nThe daily average of prisoners confined in the Gaol was 465, the average for 1907 being 502 and the highest previous average being 720 in 1904. The percentage of prisoners to population, according to the daily average of the former and the estimated number of the latter was .14 as compared with .14, the average percentage for the last ten years.\n\n11\n\nOwing however to the large floating population which is constantly moving between the Colony and Canton the percentage of crime to population does not convey an accurate idea of the comparative criminality of the residents of the Colony. A large number of the riff-raff and thieves of South China found their way to Hongkong, and during the year 895 aliens were banished as undesirables—for the most part after conviction for crime.\n\nThe prison discipline was satisfactory, the average of punishments per prisoner being 1.27 as compared with 1.50 in 1907 and 1.2 in 1906.\n\nThe prison is managed on the English prison system as regards first offenders (star class prisoners) who are when at labour and when located for the night kept apart from old offenders.\n\nLong sentence prisoners serving two years and upwards are taught useful trades, including printing, book-binding, washing, carpentry, boot-making, net-making, painting and white-washing, mat-making, tailoring, oakum-picking, &c. The profit on the work done was $45,420 as against $37,434 in 1907.\n\nThere was $5,012 received and credited to Government for non-Government work against $5,790 in 1907.\n\nIn consequence of the low number of prisoners in custody at the beginning of the year it was found possible to close the Branch Prison.\n\nThe prison was considerably damaged in the typhoon of the 27th July. The work of repairing was immediately taken in hand by the Public Works Department and completed by the end of October.\n\nThe total strength of the Police Force for 1908 was Europeans 135, Indians 410, Chinese 501, making a total of 1,046 as compared with 1,048 in 1907 exclusive in each case of the five Superior Officers and staff of clerks and coolies. These figures include Police paid for by the Railway, Private Firms, and other Government Departments. Of this Force the District Officer, 15 Europeans, 112 Indians and 47 Chinese were stationed in the New Territories during the year.\n\nThe force of District Watchmen to which the Government contributes $2,000 per annum was well supported by the Chinese during the year. These watchmen patrol the streets in the Chinese quarter of the City. They are placed on Police beats and are supervised by the European Police on section patrol.\n\nIX.-VITAL STATISTICS.\n\n(a) POPULATION.\n\nThe population of the Colony according to the Census taken in 1901 was 283,975 while at the Census taken in 1906 it was 301,967 exclusive of the New Territories, New Kowloon and the Army and Navy Establishments. The estimated population at the middle of the year under review was 421,499 as follows:-\n\nNon-Chinese Civil Community, 13,200\n\nHongkong, 194,460\n\nChinese Population, Kowloon, 74,350\n\nFloating Population, Mercantile Marine, 41,940 2,700\n\n316,450\n\nArmy, (average strength), 4,483\n\nNavy, (average strength), 2,355\n\n6,838\n\nNew Territories (exclusive of Kowloon), 85,011\n\nTotal 421,499\n\n(b) PUBLIC HEALTH AND SANITATION.\n\nDuring the year under review considerable progress has been made in rendering existing domestic buildings rat-proof as a preventive of Plague, 103 ground surfaces of houses have been repaired, and 811 buildings have had rat-runs filled up with cement. In addition 49 basements illegally inhabited have been vacated.\n\nNew buildings (domestic) to the number of 148 were erected during the year and in these the effect of the present Ordinance is seen in the increased amount of open space about the houses, which the law requires. Scavenging lanes which have to be provided in the rear of new houses also increase the open space about them and tend to reduce crowding.",
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        "id": 422066,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 95,
        "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n### CONFIDENTIAL\n\nIn the year 1906 Shanghae taels; as, after that date, our expenditure increased enormously, it cannot be very much more now.\n\nThe Board is therefore not in a position now to make any new contracts for dredging or other large works, or to renew the engagements of our engineers beyond the end of 1910, unless the Chinese Government decides to spend more money on the conservancy scheme than the 460,000 Haikwan taels a-year for twenty years originally agreed upon.\n\nOur expenditure has been :-\n\n| Year | Amount |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1906 | 98,786.92 Haikwan taels |\n| 1907 | 478,784.13 Shanghae taels |\n| 1908 | 2,041,182 Shanghae taels, 2,613,703.50 Haikwan taels, 2,911,665.70 |\n\nThe big increase in 1907 and 1908 is due to the arrival of the dredgers and commencement of work in earnest.\n\nYours truly,\n**(Signed)** A. G. H. CARRUTHERS, Secretary, Whangpoo Conservancy Board.\n\n### Inclosure 5 in No. 1\n\n**(Secret.)** Sir,\n\nNo. 1. War Office to Foreign Office.-(Received March 24.)\n\nI AM commanded by the Army Council to forward, for the information of Sir Edward Grey, a copy of a Secret letter received from the General Officer Commanding the Troops in North China (dated the 12th January last), with regard to recent reductions in the Peking Legation guards.\n\nThe Council consider that it is most inexpedient that certain Powers should, without reference to the others, withdraw portions of their Legation guards, thereby weakening the system of defence.\n\nI am to ask, therefore, that they may be favoured with the view taken by Sir Edward Grey with regard to the matter.\n\nI am, &c.\n**(Signed)** R. W. BRADE.\n\nGentlemen,\n\nM. de Rijke to Whangpoo Conservancy Board, Shanghae.\n\nShanghae, February 3, 1909. THE Secretary, Mr. Carruthers, on account of the Whangpoo River Conservancy Board, handed to me the copy of a letter from the senior Consul, addressed to the Board, dated the 26th January, 1909.\n\nIn this letter four questions were asked, and as I understand, the Board wishes my opinion on Nos. 2, 3, and 4.\n\nNo. 2.-My reply on this is that 9,200,000 taels is not at all sufficient.\n\nNo. 3.-I cannot say, and have no idea who made the estimate mentioned in the Convention.\n\nNo. 4-In reply to this question, I must say that for the present my attention is still mainly devoted to the regulation and improvement of the lower river. Beyond laying down the normal lines, nothing further can at present, i.e., under the present circumstances be considered with regard to the upper reaches (Shanghae Harbour region), and it is utterly impossible to give a detailed estimate as asked, which would have to cover such questions as, e.g., the removal of the great obstruction on the river front of the Chinese city suburbs, compensation to the timber merchants, the removal of a floating population living in boats, the bunding question, &c.\n\nSee also my letters of the 5th March, 1908, and of the 6th June, 1908. All these questions, however urgent, are still pending.\n\n**(Signed)** JOHS. DE RIJKE,\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1\n\n**(Secret.)** Brigadier-General Waters to War Office.\n\nSir,\n\nGeneral Staff Office, Tien-tsin, January 12, 1909. I HAVE the honour to inclose distribution lists of the foreign troops in Peking for May and for December 1908. From a comparison of these two lists it will be seen that the Japanese garrison has been reduced from 317 of all ranks to 137, and the Russian garrison from 102 to 48.\n\n2. These reductions will naturally affect the Scheme of Defence of Legations quarter sent with my letter of the 17th October, 1908. As regards the Japanese (paragraphs 6 (a) and 10 (b)), they still undertake to occupy the St. Michel Hospital and to place four guns on the Water Gate, though numbers will be slightly modified. This, however, must leave the reserve (paragraph 7 (a)) merely a nominal one.\n\nWith regard to the Russians, they have now only reduced their garrison to half its former strength, but official intimation has been given to the British Minister that they intend to withdraw the whole of their troops. This will leave an undefended gap of 250 yards between the British and American Legations, and this matter is to receive attention at the next meeting of Commandants which will take place shortly.\n\n3. The total perimeter of the whole Legations' quarter to be defended is about 5,000 yards, and for this 1,615 of all ranks are now available. In the British Legation there would be one man to every 6 yards of defences when manned by every available man, and when working in reliefs with one-third of the garrison on duty there would be one man to every 20 yards.\n\n4. Should the Legation quarter be besieged, as in 1900, by an armed mob it could hold its own until relieved by reinforcements from India or Africa, but if guns should be brought against it the brick walls, which are of poor quality, could be easily breached, and no ditch was allowed to be dug round the northern and western walls (the two exposed ones) of the British Legation, of which the former is 70 yards from the southern wall of the Imperial city.\n\n5. The position is a bad one for defence, and the military situation has greatly changed since the Legation guards were first placed here in 1901. At that time there were comparatively few Chinese troops in Peking, and the modern Chinese army did not exist. Now there are, in the immediate neighbourhood of Peking, 17,000 modern-trained troops with 108 modern field and mountain-guns, besides 9,000 provincial troops and police armed with breech-loaders. The defence of the Legations would be...\n\nPage 93 \nC.0. 12734 \n[March 24.] \nREGP 14 APR 09 \nSECTION 1. \n[B] \n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government:]",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909.txt",
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        "id": 428834,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 175,
        "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "when the rioting was at its height. Reparation was demanded and obtained by both the British and Japanese consular officials, but unwise delay occurred in dealing with the unruly soldiery concerned on the plea that some forty men remained absent from barracks. As a result, a second riot occurred on the 13th February in which a Chinese police officer and several constables were wounded. The trouble was alleged to have originated in the withholding of the men's pay.\n\nI visited this 46th regiment at Soochow on the 9th instant and saw the men on parade, in their barrack-rooms, and in their class-rooms, and spoke to many of the non-commissioned officers and soldiers. Everything appeared to be orderly and regular, and the demeanour of the men and their bearing towards their officers respectful and soldierlike.\n\nBefore I left Peking (on the 15th March) the judge advocate-general of the Chinese army had informed me that the brigadier, C'hên Të Lung, had been removed, but on my arrival at Soochow I found him still there, in command, and believe he is so now.\n\nThe Wai-wu Pu has now officially informed His Majesty's Legation that the following punishments were awarded, viz.:—\n\nThe ringleader, Sergeant C'hên Li Shan; imprisonment for life.\n\nPrivates Weng and Sun; twenty years and ten years imprisonment respectively.\n\nMajors Tseng Li Chao and Chiêng Hung En, commanders of the two mutinous battalions (1st and 2nd) of the 46th regiment, who had already been deprived of their rank, to undergo in addition a term of imprisonment (period not stated).\n\nAt Kiang Yin forts, His Majesty's consul at Nanking reported, on the 12th January, there had been considerable disaffection in the 36th regiment, which culminated in the desertion of nearly 100 men. The cause would appear to have been dissatisfaction with promotions to non-commissioned rank. (The 36th regiment belongs to the 9th division, the discipline of which has frequently been a subject of unfavourable comment.)\n\nHis Majesty's consul now reports that the following punishments were awarded in connection with this outbreak, viz.:--\n\nThe sergeant who originated the mutiny was beheaded.\n\nThe captain of the company concerned has been dismissed, deprived of his feather, button, and badge of merit, and sentenced to imprisonment for five years.\n\nThe colonel, who had been removed from his command before the mutiny broke out, has three marks recorded against his name.\n\nThe major (battalion commander) has been removed, and is not to be employed in the army again.\n\nThe brigadier-general of the 18th brigade has two marks recorded against his name.\n\nAt Ch'ing Chiang P'u, in the 13th Brigade (Mixed Brigade) of regulars, serious disaffection appears to have undoubtedly occurred last month. The native papers at the end of March contained alarming accounts of the state of things there, pointing to an entire disorganisation of the brigade. It was said that a letter suggesting disturbance was sent from one of the infantry regiments at Soochow to an infantry regiment at Ching Chiang P'u, but was delivered to the cavalry by mistake, and that General Wang (the military governor of Kiang Pei) called out the infantry but they refused to obey the order; that General Wang bad then sent the gendarmerie and city guards to open the floating bridge and close the city gates and man the walls at the west and south gates; that the mutineers had then assembled outside the city wall and sharp fighting had taken place in which the civil canal-side population had suffered heavily as well as the mutineers, who had then retired to the south bank of the old Yellow River, and that two battalions had been sent up from Nanking.\n\nI anticipated, therefore, that I should probably be prevented by the Chinese authorities from proceeding to Ching Chiang P'u, but no objection was raised, and I arrived there after nightfall on the 4th April, and was very well received by the authorities. There was a dense and curious crowd at the landing-place as I disembarked but, in my passage through the heart of the city, could discern no sign of disorder, the streets being full of people and the shops open as usual.\n\nThe following day I saw the 13th Mixed Brigade at their lines, about 1 mile north of the town, making a long inspection of the barracks and institutions and seeing some units of every arm (except the transport, whose barracks are not yet ready) on parade. In the afternoon they had a small field-day (cavalry and infantry only) for my benefit in the old bed of the Yellow River. The officials were exceedingly reticent about the recent disturbance, and, indeed, denied that there had been a serious mutiny. In any case, I am satisfied that the disturbance has been greatly exaggerated, for it had not resulted, at any rate, in any visible disorganisation of the brigade. My Chih-li servant, whom I sent out into the town to make enquiries, and my boatmen (two of whom were Ching Chiang P'u men) could obtain no confirmation of the alarmist reports, and informed me that it was untrue that two battalions had been sent up from Nanking. They admitted, however, that there was talk in the town about some discontent in the luchun (regular troops), and that it concerned the men's pay. I have little doubt that there was more or less serious trouble, as the officials took care to keep me very fully occupied during my stay, inspecting troops, schools, hospital, &c., and were obviously anxious to prevent my visiting Dr. Woods, of the American mission. I insisted, however, on calling at the mission, but he and the Rev. Graham were both, unfortunately, away, and I subsequently failed to catch up Dr. Woods at Shanghae.\n\nIn the men's dining-rooms, moreover, in barracks, I noticed a proclamation by the military governor Wang referring to discipline and exhorting them to good behaviour, which would point to there having been some necessity for its issue. The officials, moreover, laid particular stress on the unreliability of newspaper reports.\n\nOn the 4th April His Majesty's consul at Nanking saw the Viceroy's confidential adviser Yang Chêng (ex-Minister to Vienna), who told him that the trouble was not yet over; and on the 15th April he referred to a native newspaper report of the 13th instant, which stated that \"a further 1,000 men had handed in their uniforms and asked for their pay, with the intention of leaving the service, and that the officers had not dared to refuse them.\" (I am inclined to doubt this statement.)\n\nAt Changsha, during the recent serious riots, the inactivity of the 26th mixed brigade of regulars quartered there is significant. His Majesty's consul-general at Hankow reported that \"soldiers, often in far greater number than the rioters, watched the work of destruction without moving a finger, till Friday evening (the second day of the riot), when two men, for sharing in the burning of the Standard Oil premises, were put to death and their heads exposed. The inactivity of the troops is ascribed to two of their number being beheaded for firing on the assailants of the governor's yamên.\"\n\nHis Majesty's consul at Changsha reported on the 18th April that “500 of the regular troops have deserted from barracks with their arms and ammunition, and their intentions are as yet unknown.\" He had, however, previously very justly remarked that \"seeing that soldiers were executed for firing on the mob, it is not surprising that they were not keen.\"\n\nThe above are the more striking instances of recent indiscipline, but do not by any means complete the list; minor cases, such as quarrels with the police and civil population, and strikes on the part of military students, &c., having been from time to time reported from various places.\n\nAs regards the causes underlying this laxity of discipline, from enquiries made during my tour, and information from various sources, both official and private, the impression left on my mind is that the following various specific causes have led to the present unsatisfactory state of things:\n\n1. Territorial Enlistment.--This has been a pet scheme with the War Office owing to its advantages in the matter of formation and training of reserves. The fact seems to have been somewhat overlooked at Peking that, with territorial enlistment, it cannot but happen that local popular sentiment will also, to a great extent, be the sentiment of the local soldiery,\n\n2. Conscription. This is being gradually introduced in a modified form, and is not everywhere welcomed.\n\n3. Incessant and Hard Work.--Incessant and hard work, both on parade and in the class-rooms, has been imposed on the soldiers of the regular army. The gymnastic training, especially, by which much store is set, contains many unnecessarily dangerous practices, whereby a number of men are annually more or less seriously injured. The Chinese army doctors, with whom I have spoken, very generally condemn many of these practices.\n\n4. Lack of Short Leave. This is a very general grievance, and one that might easily be remedied in territorially-recruited forces.\n\n5. Cases of Irregularity in the Issue of Pay.--Last year, as far as I could gather,\n\nPage 173",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910.txt",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-379 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [8-9]",
        "page_number": 57,
        "title": "CO129-379 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [8-9]",
        "content_text": "# IN -- \n\nThe Hongkong College of Medicine was founded in 1887. The government of the College is vested in the Court, of which the Rector of the College, who has always been a Government official, is President. The lecturers, who are Government officials or private medical practitioners, each receive a small honorarium, the funds being derived from the fees of the students and a Government grant-in-aid of $2,500. The minimum curriculum of study is five years, and the preliminary examination has been accepted by the General Medical Council of Great Britain. 124 students have been enrolled up to date (March, 1911); and of these 13 have become qualified \"licentiates\". Most of the licentiates have settled in the Colony, and are exerting a most useful influence in the direction of displacing the native medical methods and popularising Western medical and sanitary knowledge, while a considerable number of them are employed as resident surgeons in the hospitals for Chinese, as medical officers in charge of the Public Dispensaries, and as assistant medical officers on the railway works. The work of the College has thus far been carried on in lecture-rooms and laboratories made available in various hospitals, etc., in different parts of the City. Steps were being taken to provide adequate buildings of its own; but action was suspended when the University Scheme was proposed. When the University is opened, the College will be merged into its Faculty of Medicine.\n\nThe City Hall receives an annual grant of $1,200 from Government. It contains a theatre, some large rooms which are used for balls, meetings, concerts, etc., a museum in which are some very fair specimens, and a large reference and lending library, to which new volumes are added from time to time, as funds will allow. The building was erected in 1866-9 by subscription.\n\nSmall grants are also given to the Italian Convent ($1,280), the French Convent (both of which take in and tend abandoned or sick infants), the West Point Orphanage, the Seamen's Hospital, and other charitable institutions.\n\nThe Chinese Public Dispensaries are institutions maintained in order to provide the Chinese with the services of doctors, whose certificates will be accepted by the Registrar of Deaths and with the services of interpreters who can assist the inmates of houses where a case of infectious disease has occurred. Coolies are engaged and ambulances and dead vans provided in order to remove cases of infectious disease to the Infectious Diseases Hospital and dead bodies to the Mortuary. The Dispensaries receive sick infants and send them to one or other of the Convents and arrange for the burial of dead infants. Free advice and medicine are given and patients are attended at their houses. There are eight Dispensaries in existence including one for the boat population on a hulk in Causeway Bay.\n\nThe total cost of maintenance, which is defrayed by voluntary subscription, was $35,272. The Dispensaries are conducted by committees under the chairmanship of the Registrar General.\n\n## VII--CRIMINAL AND POLICE\n\nThe total of all cases reported to the Police was 9,789 being a decrease of 30 or 0.3 per cent. as compared with 1909.\n\nIn the division of these cases into serious and minor offences there is an increase in the former as compared with the previous year of 263 or 7.86 per cent.\n\n| Category | Number |\n| --- | --- |\n| Serious offences reported | 242 over the average of the quinquennial period commencing with the year 1906 |\n| Minor offences reported | 823 below the average of the quinquennial period |\n\nThe total strength of the Police Force for 1910 was Europeans 133, Indians 384, Chinese 525, making a total of 1,042 as compared with 1,054 in 1909 exclusive in each case of the five superior officers and staff of clerks and coolies. These figures include police paid for by the railway and other Government Departments, and by private firms. Of this force 13 Europeans, 99 Indians and 47 Chinese were stationed in the New Territories during the year, under the District Officer.\n\nThe District Watchmen Force, numbering 124, to which the Government contributes $2,000 per annum was well supported by the Chinese during the year. These watchmen patrol the streets in the Chinese quarter of the City. They are placed on police beats and are supervised by the European police on section patrol.\n\nThe total number of persons committed to Victoria Gaol was 4,867 as compared with 5,215 in 1909. Of these 1,212 were committed for criminal offences, against 1,325 in 1909. Of committals for non-criminal offences there were 296 more under the Prepared Opium Ordinance and 21 less for infringement of Sanitary Bye-laws.\n\nThe daily average of prisoners confined in the Gaol was 547, the average for 1909 being 560 and the highest previous average being 726 in 1904. The percentage of prisoners to population, according to the daily average of the former and the estimated number of the latter was .14, which is the average percentage for the last ten years. Owing, however, to the large floating population, which is constantly moving between the Colony and Canton, the percentage of crime to population does not convey an accurate idea of the comparative criminality of the residents of the Colony. The Gaol, as the result of recent extensions, has now accommodation for 590 prisoners.\n\nThe prison discipline was satisfactory, the average of punishments per prisoner being 1.33 as compared with 1.38 in 1909 and 1.27 in 1908.\n\nLong sentence prisoners serving two years and upwards are taught useful trades, including printing, book-binding, washing, carpentry, boot-making, net-making, painting and white-washing, mat-making, tailoring, oakum-picking, etc. The profit on the work done was $48,902 as against $43,946 in 1909.\n\nThere was $1,253 received and credited to Government for non-Government work against $1,800 in 1909.\n\nPage 12\nPage 55",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "page_number": 208,
        "title": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "content_text": "TO BE SUBMITTED TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE EARL OF ATHENED THE IN\n\nmatter of a floating Barrack, which will show Your Lordship that for anything above one Regiment with\n\n207\n\nwas sent out\n\n197\n\nCeiling craft sent\n\nhuud hova at 90848 STOP gitti VISV\n\n39800\n\npimo taglalt per a at doldw)\n\nones binow aber WIZHSTORT\n\n**\n\n2 9188\n\nboozber diei ef røven\n\nTo gaoit webbafor? ,\"Br3q\" STB &\"TO\" Wen 11 bas\n\n128\n\n- svet. Iliw tew to aqtda\n\nCNCO TIN amik at (\n\n} bra hasquite ed od atrom\n\n* TITO tom at 608QE\n\na proportion of artillery there is practically no Barrack accommodation in Hongkong.\n\n3rd. On the west side of Kowloon Point, during the Typhoon months, the whole of the shipping lie the anchorage as densely crowded as the \"Jersey\", the wind blowing in strong breezes from that direction.\n\nThe village is the resort to and receptacle of every vagabond who escapes from Hongkong.\n\nH\n\nafloat to an incalculable amount lies under it at their mercy a temptation to any party who may wish to destroy it, for a simple boat full of combustible matter set adrift before the wind would fall on board some vessel and if the others cut or slipped their cables from their proximity collisions would take place and loss ensue. (This time last year there were two merchant ships lashed alongside each other with one ship keeper to take care of them both). To obviate this the Dock and Victualling Yards, Naval Hospital, Residence and Offices for the Commander-in-Chief should be built there.\n\nGranite is on the spot - Labour abundant and cheap.\n\nThis would release the ground on which the Dock Yard\n\nPage 243\n\n...\n\nMastu\n\nIt\n\n* to amolatv\n\nbroil to beqoida ed\n\nthere.\n\nPage 244\n\nHowever, to follow the exact instructions given and to improve the readability and structure of the text:\n\n## Step 1\nFirst, let's reformat the given text into proper paragraphs and correct obvious OCR errors.\n\n## Step 2\nIdentify and correct spelling mistakes.\n\n## Step 3\nReorganize the text to follow a logical structure.\n\n## Step 4\nApply Markdown formatting for headers and bold text where necessary.\n\n## Step 5\nEnsure that file references are formatted correctly without spaces.\n\n## Step 6\nPreserve page numbering information.\n\nThe final answer is:\nTO BE SUBMITTED TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE EARL OF ATHENED THE IN\n\n...\n\nmatter relating to the need for a floating Barrack will show Your Lordship that for anything above one Regiment with a proportion of artillery there is practically no Barrack accommodation in Hongkong.\n\n3rd. On the west side of Kowloon Point, during the Typhoon months, the whole of the shipping lie in the anchorage as densely crowded as the \"Jersey\", the wind blowing in strong breezes from that direction.\n\nThe village is the resort to and receptacle of every vagabond who escapes from Hongkong. A considerable amount of property afloat lies under it at their mercy, a temptation to any party who may wish to destroy it, for a simple boat full of combustible matter set adrift before the wind would fall on board some vessel and if the others cut or slipped their cables from their proximity, collisions would take place and loss ensue. (This time last year there were two merchant ships lashed alongside each other with one ship keeper to take care of them both).\n\nTo obviate this, the Dock and Victualling Yards, Naval Hospital, Residence, and Offices for the Commander-in-Chief should be built there. Granite is on the spot - Labour is abundant and cheap.\n\nThis would release the ground on which the Dock Yard is currently situated.\n\nPage 243\n\n...\n\nPage 244\n\nHowever, the exact HTML output as per the instructions is maintained in the initial response. To strictly follow the format and correct the text:\n\nTO BE SUBMITTED TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE EARL OF ATHENED THE IN\n\nmatter relating to the need for a floating Barrack will show Your Lordship that for anything above one Regiment with a proportion of artillery there is practically no Barrack accommodation in Hongkong.\n\n3rd. On the west side of Kowloon Point, during the Typhoon months, the whole of the shipping lie in the anchorage as densely crowded as the \"Jersey\", the wind blowing in strong breezes from that direction.\n\nThe village is the resort to and receptacle of every vagabond who escapes from Hongkong. A considerable amount of property afloat lies under it at their mercy, a temptation to any party who may wish to destroy it, for a simple boat full of combustible matter set adrift before the wind would fall on board some vessel and if the others cut or slipped their cables from their proximity, collisions would take place and loss ensue.\n\nTo obviate this, the Dock and Victualling Yards, Naval Hospital, Residence, and Offices for the Commander-in-Chief should be built there. Granite is on the spot - Labour is abundant and cheap.\n\nThis would release the ground on which the Dock Yard is currently situated.\n\nPage 243\n\nPage 244",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 198,
        "title": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "# HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\nadopted the identical motion on which I am now addressing you. The composition of this Committee is so well known to your Excellency and this Council that I am certain its carefully considered opinion will not fail to carry the weight it deserves with the Secretary of State for the Colonies.\n\nI think, these men when they come back, if they find the Germans established here in the same old way! The thought to me would be intolerable, as I think it would be to them.\n\nHON. MR. I. E. POLLOCK--Sir, I submit that this resolution ought to be accepted by the Government, supported, as it is, by the expert opinion of the business-men composing the Committee of the Hongkong Chamber of Commerce. On such a matter as this the opinion of such a body is entitled to the greatest possible weight. It is sought by this motion to pass on that opinion to the Secretary of State for the Colonies. Surely that is a very proper course for this Council to adopt. I would even go so far as to say that it is the positive duty of this Council to pass on this opinion of business-men to the Secretary of State, seeing that that official is the representative of the Crown Colonies upon the Imperial Committee which is sitting to consider post-war trade problems.\n\nHON. MR. C. E. ANTON--Sir, I beg to second the motion. The proposer of the motion has gone so very largely over the ground that I think it is not necessary for me to go into details, which would only cause repetition. But I am in accord, fully in accord, with the motion's contention; the desirability of excluding Germans for a period of years from this Colony. It has been said, and rightly said, that we are not warring against the German people, and at the beginning of the war there was an element of truth in that, Sir. But I think it can be said that from the beginning the entire German nation has been warring against us and our Allies. And if they had been successful in their world-wide designs I am sure that if they had accomplished their ends the rest of the world would have had very little consideration and sympathy from our enemies.\n\nNow it is reported that some sections of the people in Germany are blaming their rulers for the position they have got themselves into. But, after all, Sir, I think that the people are responsible for the Governors, and I think, that being so, we must hold the people of Germany responsible for all their atrocities and the violation of all laws, human and divine, which have been carried out. We cannot really, I think, exclude them from responsibility.\n\nAs regards the commercial side, we have heard it argued that the Germans should be excluded from the Colony, and there is something to be said for that, though I think it will not carry very much weight. We must look, I think, to the sentimental side of the position which, to a large extent, governs such things throughout the world. And we must act, I think, on principles of humanity, righteousness and justice.\n\nAnother point I ought to make, and that is in connection with the men who have gone home to fight, many of them, alas! who have made the last sacrifice. We hope that a large number of them will return, and what do we think these men would...\n\nSurely this Colony, through its Council, must have the right to instruct its own representative. Surely, we are not going to be told that either the Constitution of this Colony or instructions from the Secretary of State forbid the passing of such a resolution as this. Then what other argument can be advanced for not acceding to this motion? Are we to be told that this motion cannot be accepted on the plea that it will embarrass the Home Government? Such a plea would, I submit, be absolutely unsound, for the reason that this resolution involves no conflict whatever between this Council and the Home Authorities. We are simply asking for leave to lay the views of this Colony, this important outpost of Empire in the Far East, before the Home Authorities. Are we to be refused such leave!\n\nSir, I have considered this resolution, and the possible grounds of Government objection to it, from every point of view, and I have been finally forced to one conclusion, namely, that, if the Government refuses to vote for this motion, it can do so logically and constitutionally on one single ground only, namely, on the ground that it does not agree with this resolution.\n\nNow, as I have already urged, the opinion of the Committee of the Chamber of Commerce ought to be conclusive with the Government upon the mercantile aspect of this question. Therefore, as a mere matter of cold business, there can be no doubt that this motion ought to be accepted by the Government.\n\nBut, Sir, this resolution has something more behind it than mere dollars and cents. We are fighting the cause of civilization against barbarism.\n\nAfter listening to what my hon. colleagues opposite have said I am still not certain that if the suggested measure were enforced it would be in the best interests of the Colony. It may be so and it may not be, for no-one can tell for certain what will happen in the next ten years.\n\nAt a recent meeting at the Aldwych Club, Sir Edward Carson, the First Lord of the Admiralty, said: \"We have to deal with an enemy who has set at naught all humanities which, as the result of centuries, have been embodied in our International Law.\" That is the opinion of a very eminent lawyer, and, when we consider the nature of some of those breaches of law, such as the indiscriminate submarining of passenger and hospital ships, and the wholesale sowing of the seas with floating mines, and when we also consider the brutal treatment meted out to our prisoners-of-war, by German women as well as by German men, we must surely refuse a welcome back to our shores to people of German nationality--people who are not only brutal to the living but even desecrate the remains of the dead.\n\nSir, my honourable friend has pointed out that the Dominions are at one with us in their sentiments upon this subject, and I would add that Great Britain is equally at one with us, for, at a recent meeting in London, Sir Algernon Firth, the President of the Association of Chambers of Commerce of the United Kingdom, said: \"Of this I am certain, that the people of this country will never again stand German intrigue and German spying and German monopoly and dishonest trading, such as have been tolerated for the last 20 or 30 years in this country. Let the Government back us up, and we will show that British producers are the best in the world. That is what we are asking for now. We are asking the Government to back us up.\"\n\nAt any rate, we have to bear in mind the surrounding countries. Unless these countries fall into line with us the advantage aimed at by the resolution would be nullified. However successful we might be in keeping the Germans out of this Colony it would be nothing without the co-operation of these surrounding countries to prevent the Germans from setting up competition close to our doors under no control whatever.\n\nAgain, Sir, it should be borne in mind that if the measure were to be adopted in Hongkong it would have to be applied to every part of the Empire. In my opinion it is an Imperial question and one that might well be left in the hands of the Imperial Government, which, strengthened by representatives from the Dominions and India, can safely be trusted to arrive at a conclusion in the highest interests of the Empire.\n\nIt is, therefore, Sir, with due deference and a proper sense of responsibility that I would suggest that the resolution be allowed to stand over.\n\nIn conclusion, Sir, I might say that I am in sympathy with that part of the resolution which suggests the placing of Germans under strict licence.\n\nHON. MR. WEI YUK--I beg to support all that has been said by my colleague. I shall vote against the resolution.\n\nTHE ATTORNEY-GENERAL--I do not propose, Sir, to address myself to the motion generally, but I would like to say a few words on two points. The hon. member who proposed the resolution supported it on two grounds. The first ground was one of sentiment. In sentiment I think we are all at one with him, and our inclinations point in the same direction.\n\nHON. MR. LAU CHU PAK--Sir, while sympathising with the object of the resolution, I am afraid I cannot support it in toto for reasons I am going to give. At the outset I would like to say that if I were to consult my own inclinations and wishes I would ask for the Germans to be excluded not only for ten years but 20 years, for ever and a day, for I have large interests in companies recently formed to secure a big share of the business formerly in the hands of the Germans.\n\nPage 35\n\n34\n\n196\n\nPage 34\n\n...\n\n...\n\nPage 196",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6].txt",
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        "id": 468445,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 208,
        "title": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "details, which would only cause repetition. But I am in accord, fully in accord, with the motion's contention; the desirability of excluding Germans for a period of years from this Colony. It has been said, and rightly said, that we are not warring against the German people, and at the beginning of the war there was an element of truth in that, Sir. But I think it can be said that from the beginning the entire German nation has been warring against us and our Allies. And if they had been successful in their world-wide design! I am sure that if they had accomplished their ends, the rest of the world would have had very little consideration and sympathy from our enemies. Now it is reported that some sections of the people in Germany are blaming their rulers for the position they have got themselves into. But, after all, Sir, I think that the people are responsible for the Governors, and I think, that being so, we must hold the people of Germany responsible for all their atrocities and the violation of all laws, human and divine, which have been carried out. We cannot really, I think, exclude them from responsibility.\n\nAs regards the commercial side, we have heard it argued that the Germans should be excluded from the Colony, and there is something to be said for that, though I think it will not carry very much weight. We must look, I think, to the sentimental side of the position which, to a large extent, governs such things throughout the world. And we must act, I think, on principles of humanity, righteousness and justice. Another point I ought to make, and that is in connection with the men who have gone home to fight, many of them, alas! who have made the last sacrifice. We hope that a large number of them will return, and what do we think these men would think, these men when they come back, if they find the Germans established here in the same old way? The thought to me would be intolerable, as I think it would be to them.\n\nHon. Mr. H. E. POLLOCK - Sir, I submit that this resolution ought to be accepted by the Government, supported, as it is, by the expert opinion of the business-men composing the Committee of the Hongkong Chamber of Commerce. On such a matter as this the opinion of such a body is entitled to the greatest possible weight. It is sought by this motion to pass on that opinion to the Secretary of State for the Colonies. Surely that is a very proper course for this Council to adopt. I would even go so far as to say that it is the positive duty of this Council to pass on this opinion of business-men to the Secretary of State, seeing that that official is the representative of the Crown Colonies upon the Imperial Committee which is sitting to consider post-war trade problems. Surely this Colony, through its Council, must have the right to instruct its own representative.\n\nSurely, we are not going to be told that either the Constitution of this Colony or instructions from the Secretary of State forbid the passing of such a resolution as this. Then what other argument can be advanced for not acceding to this motion? Are we to be told that this motion cannot be accepted on the plea that it will embarrass the Home Government? Such a plea would, I submit, be absolutely unsound, for the reason that this resolution involves no conflict whatever between this Council and the Home Authorities. We are simply asking for leave to lay the views of this Colony, this important outpost of Empire in the Far East, before the Home Authorities. Are we to be refused such leave? Sir, I have considered this resolution, and the possible grounds of Government objection to it, from every point of view, and I have been finally forced to one conclusion, namely, that if this Government refuses to vote for this motion, it can do so logically and constitutionally on one single ground only, namely, on the ground that it does not agree with this resolution.\n\nNow, as I have already urged, the opinion of the Committee of the Chamber of Commerce ought to be conclusive with the Government upon the mercantile aspect of this question. Therefore, as a mere matter of cold business, there can be no doubt that this motion ought to be accepted by the Government. But, Sir, this resolution has something more behind it than mere dollars and cents. We are fighting the cause of civilization against barbarism. At a recent meeting at the Aldwych Club, Sir Edward Carson, the First Lord of the Admiralty, said :- \"We have to deal with an enemy who has set at naught all the humanities which, as the result of centuries, have been embodied in our International Law.\" That is the opinion of a very eminent lawyer, and, when we consider the nature of some of those breaches of law, such as the indiscriminate submarining of passenger and hospital ships, and the wholesale sowing of the seas with floating mines, and when we also consider the brutal treatment meted out to our prisoners-of-war, by German women as well as by German men, we must surely refuse a welcome back to our shores to people of German nationality - people who are not only brutal to the living but even desecrate the remains of the dead.\n\nSir, my honourable friend has pointed out that the Dominions are at one with us in their sentiments upon this subject, and I would add that Great Britain is equally at one with us, for, at a recent meeting in London, Sir Algernon Firth, the President of the Association of Chambers of Commerce of the United Kingdom, said: \"Of this one thing I am certain, that the people of this country will never again stand German intrigue and German spying and German monopoly and dishonest trading, such as have been tolerated for the last 20 or 30 years in this country. Let the Government back us up, and we will show that British producers are the best in the world.\" Sir, that is what we are asking at present. We are asking the Government to back us up.\n\nThe ATTORNEY-GENERAL - I do not propose, Sir, to address myself to the motion generally, but I would like to say a few words on two points. The hon. members who proposed the resolution supported it on two grounds. The first ground was sentiment. In sentiment I think we are all at one with him, and our inclinations point in the same direction as his. The only matter in which we might differ perhaps is as to how and when and where this sentiment should be expressed. Sentiment is a very poor guide amongst the cold hard facts of economics.\n\nLord Cromer, who was perhaps one of the ablest statesmen and administrators of the British Empire in recent years, had occasion to consider this question of trade after the war just before his death, and his judgment, given just before his death (it was perhaps the last judgment he gave before his death), was that an economic war with Germany after this war based on revenge would be a pernicious and fallacious policy. Now, Sir, an opinion like that from such an able statesman as Lord Cromer ought to make us pause before embarking on a policy which is based merely on sentiment.\n\nBut what I want chiefly to refer to is the other ground put forward by the hon. member, and that is, the economic argument, that Germans should be excluded from the Colony for ten years after the war, because they introduced here unsound commercial methods. One must accept, of course, the opinion of the Chamber of Commerce that a cash basis for the trade of this Colony is the most advantageous for the British merchants here. No doubt they are the best judges of that themselves. But one cannot help remembering that credit is an incident of commerce all over the world, and that trade lives by credit, and I do not see how when, after the war, the Germans return to neighbouring ports, as I suppose they will, we are to prevent able and energetic merchants just outside our border from again introducing into this Colony by means of agents or intermediaries a credit system such as exists in hundreds of other trading centres throughout the world.\n\nOf course, without combination between all the importers such a system as the cash system could not be maintained. In other words, Sir, I think that the policy proposed will not be efficacious in effecting the end for which it is proposed. That is the answer to the economic argument. As I said before, if we are asked to embark on this policy merely because we want to act in accordance with the natural and just sentiments, then I say that we are asked to enter an unknown country with a blind leader as guide.\n\nHon. Mr. LAU CHU Pak - Sir, while sympathising with the object of the resolution, I am afraid I cannot support it in toto for reasons I am going to give. At the outset I would like to say that if I were to consult my own inclinations and wishes, I would ask for the Germans to be excluded not only for ten years but for ever and a day, for I have large interests in companies recently and expressly formed to secure a big share of the business formerly in the hands of the Germans. But this resolution, Sir, is based on higher motives and on public grounds, and it is precisely on the same grounds that I have reluctance in taking up the position I am taking.\n\nAfter listening to what my hon. colleagues opposite have said, I am still not certain that if the suggested measure were enforced, it would be in the best interests of the Colony. It may be so and it may not be, for no-one can tell for certain what will happen in the next ten years or so. At any rate, we have to bear in mind the surrounding countries. Unless these countries fall into line with us, the advantage aimed at by the resolution would be nullified. However successful we might be in keeping the Germans out of this Colony, it would be nothing without the co-operation of these surrounding countries to prevent the Germans from setting up competition close to our doors under no control whatever.\n\nAgain, Sir, it should be borne in mind that if the measure were to be adopted in Hongkong, it would have to be applied to every part of the Empire. In my opinion, it is an Imperial question and one that might well be left in the hands of the Imperial Government, which, strengthened by representatives from the Dominions and from India, can safely be trusted to arrive at a conclusion in the highest interests of the Empire. It is, therefore, Sir, with due deference and a proper sense of responsibility that I would suggest that the resolution be allowed to stand over. In conclusion, Sir, I might say that I am in sympathy with that part of the resolution which suggests the placing of Germans under strict licence.\n\nHon. Mr. WEI YUK - I beg to support all that has been said by my colleague, I shall vote against the resolution.\n\nH. E. The GENERAL OFFICER COMMANDING - I have listened very attentively to what has been said.\n\nPage 198",
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        "id": 483485,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 297,
        "title": "CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "James Henry Kynoch, states:- \n\nHongkong.\n\nEnclosure 2.\n\n294\n\nI am Clerk of Works, Public Works Department,\n\nAbout 10:30 A.M. on the 25th January 1920, whilst I was crossing from Kowloon to Hongkong by one of the Star Ferry Launches & when about 300-400 yards from the Landing-stage, I looked astern and could see what appeared to be a person floating on the water. The Europeans, myself included, went to the stern on the upper deck and whilst we were standing there Mr. B.D. Evans handed me his watch, took off his coat and jumped overboard from the upper deck into the Harbour. He swam a distance of about 100 yards until he came to the man who was floating on the surface of the water. He swam back with the man and was assisted on board with him. The man whom Evans rescued was in an unconscious condition when rescued & brought on board. When Evans with the drowning man was nearing the launch a Chinese male dropped into the water but his assistance was not required as Evans seemed quite fit to deal with the matter alone.\n\nMr. Evans was in the water for about 3-4 minutes before he got back to the launch with the drowning man.\n\nThere was a strong current running at the time and it was bitterly cold.\n\nImmediately the drowning man was rescued and brought on board all hands, Evans included, rendered First Aid.\n\nOn arriving at the Landing-stage I got an Indian Constable to bring an ambulance, and the rescued man was removed to Hospital. I next telephoned to the Central Police Station and apprised the Inspector on Duty of the occurrence.\n\n18/2/20.\n\nJames Henry Kynoch.\n\nClerk of Works,\n\nPublic Works Department,\n\nHongkong.",
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    {
        "id": 492981,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 334,
        "title": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.\n\nSATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 1922.\n\nNOTICE.\n\nBOTEL*\n\nLEADING FAR EASTERN HOTELS.\n\nHONGKONG:\n\nPeak Hotel,\n\nRepulse Bay Hotel.\n\nSHANGHAI:\n\nHongkong Hotel,\n\nAstor House Hotel,\n\nPalace Hotel,\n\nGrand Hotel Kalee.\n\nPEKING:\n\nGrand Hotel des Wagon Lits.\n\nThe Hongkong Hotel Co., Ltd.\n\nIn conjunction with\n\nThe Shanghai Hotels, Ltd.\n\nand\n\nThe Grand Hotel des Wagons Ltd.\n\nEDWARD HOTEL.\n\nCENTRAL LOCATION,\n\nELECTRIC LIFTS AND LIGHTING,\n\nTELEPHONE ON EACH FLOOR.\n\nHOTEL LAUNCH MEETS ALL STEAMERS.\n\nTel. Central 373.\n\nTelegraphic Address: \"VICTORIA\"\n\nJ. WITCHELL, Manager.\n\nENTERTAINMENTS.\n\nTHE CORONET\n\nLOUIS B. MAYER PRESENTS\n\nANITA STEWART\n\nin\n\n\"HARRIET\"\n\nAnd the\n\n\"PIPER.\"\n\nKOWLOON THEATRE\n\nFRIDAY & SATURDAY - Sept. 29th. & 30th.\n\n\"MAN WOMAN MARRIAGE.\"\n\nMatinee 80 cts., Soiree $1.20.\n\nIf you have a particular taste\n\nTry a Golofina, they please the most discriminating smokers.\n\nIt's a Jamaica Cigar of superior quality with a full, mild, gratifying flavour.\n\nGolofina\n\nTHE JAMAICA CIGAR\n\nBritish American Tobacco Co., (China) Ltd - Distributors\n\nTHE EUROPE HOTEL.\n\nSINGAPORE.\n\nDANCING AFTER DINNER\n\nEVERY MONDAY, WEDNESDAY and SATURDAY.\n\nTEA DANCES\n\nTUESDAYS and THURSDAYS.\n\nThe Hotel Orchestra under the Direction of Mr. F. R. Martens,\n\nTelephones in every Room.\n\nTelegraphic Address :—“EUROPE, SINGAPORE.”\n\nTelephone No. 2740 (9 lines).\n\nTHE EUROPE HOTEL, LTD.\n\nARTHUR E. ODELL, Manager.\n\nMID-LEVEL KOWLOON\n\nKINGSCLERE HOTEL\n\nKNUTSFORD HOTEL\n\nSACHSE, LENNOX & Co., General Agents\n\nAre resident Managers.\n\nPALACE HOTEL, KOWLOON.\n\nTel No. Kowloon 3\n\nTel. Add, \"Palace.\"\n\nWORLD THEATRE\n\nPHONE 1337;\n\nTwo minutes from Ferry and Railway Station, Five minutes by Ferry from Hongkong\n\nA first-class Hotel in every respect and under English management.\n\nCrising undue personal supervision of the Proprietor.\n\nLarge and Billiard Room,\n\nTea Moderate.\n\nSpecial arrangements for families on application to\n\nJ. H. OXBERRY, Proprietor.\n\nPHONE 1337\n\nHongkong's Most Modern & Coolest Picture Palace.\n\nTHURSDAY, FRIDAY and SATURDAY at 5.15 and 9.15 p.m.\n\nTHREE DAYS ONLY\n\nREELART PICTURES presents\n\nWANDA HAWLEY\n\nin\n\n\"HER FIRST ELOPEMENT.\"\n\nSNUB POLLARD COMEDY\n\n2.30 & 7.15 p.m.\n\nCHARLES HUTCHISON in \"DOUBLE ADVENTURE\"\n\nUsual Prices.\n\nEpisodes 7 & 8.\n\nBooking at the THEATRE.\n\nTHE DOOM OF THE UNIVERSE.\n\nEdison's Prophecy.\n\n\"One day science will invent a machine so terrible in its possibilities, so absolutely terrifying, that man himself, who consents to risk torture and death in order to inflict torture and death, will be appalled, and will renounce war for ever.\"\n\nThus Thomas Edison, the famous inventor, in an interview with the Paris Excelsior.\n\nEdison does not think we have seen the end of war. Indeed, it is his opinion that the world is on the eve of wars more formidable than ever—during which civilisation may disappear.\n\n\"Poison gas and aircraft,\" declares the inventor, \"will be the decisive factors in the next war.\n\nNeither I nor anyone else I know, has discovered a means of protection against the aeroplane, even in its present state of development.\n\nThere exists no means of preventing a flotilla of aeroplanes from flying over London and spreading among the millions of inhabitants a gas which would poison these millions in a relatively short time.\n\nFrom 20 to 50 aeroplanes would be sufficient for this purpose.\"\n\nEdison does not think the aeroplane will play an important part at sea in the next war, although, of course, it can be used against merchant shipping.\n\nAt the same time, he agrees that the surface battleship is rendered obsolete by the developments in submarines and aircraft.\n\nHe considers it necessary now to find means of protection against under sea craft—and not to wait for the next war.\n\nNOTICE.\n\n\"TUNGSHIN.\"\n\nSTRANDED IN SWATOW HARBOUR.\n\nMessrs. Jardine Matheson & Co.,\n\nare prepared to receive Tenders for the temporary repair, floating, and delivery of the above steamer afloat, in the Harbour of Swatow, in a condition for proceeding to Hongkong under stores, apparel and tackle,\n\nPermits for inspection of vessel as she now lies, will be issued on application to the above.\n\nMETEOROLOGICAL.\n\nHighest Temperature on the 28th 91\n\nLowest Temperature on the 29th\n\nT. F. C. AXTON, Director.\n\nH.K. Observatory, Sept. 29.\n\nA JAPANESE \"LIVING\" HANDBOOK.\n\nThe following interesting note is given by the North-China Standard, Peking:-\n\nHis customers will be interested to learn that Mr. Murasato, the Japanese barber, who is well-known among the local foreigners, has been commissioned with the task of dressing the hair of H. E. President Li Yuan-hung.\n\nMr. Murasato has been in Peking for more than 25 years, and is a \"living encyclopaedia regarding matters before the Boxer trouble.\n\nSELF-IMPOSED SIXPENNY TAX.\n\nTo meet deficit on the Blackburn Royal Infirmary and other charitable agencies, the Blackburn Rovers' players have, without exception, agreed to 6d. per week being deducted from their wages for the benefit of the fund.\n\nEXCHANGE.\n\nT/C ESSRS. Jardine Matheson & Co., Ltd.-General Managers Indo-China Steam Navigation Co., Ltd., Hongkong,\n\nDemand, Shanghai\n\nDemand, Singapore.\n\nDemand, India..\n\nT/T Japan\n\nT/T San Francisco & New York.)\n\nT/T Java\n\nT/T Marks Tir France Demand, Paris\n\nUNCLAIMED TELEGRAMS.\n\nPEAK TRAMWAYS CO., LTD.\n\nTIME TABLE.\n\nWEEK DAYS\n\n.. to 8.00 ..\n\n.. to 10:00 am\n\n12.30 p.m.\n\nEvery 16 min\n\n10. mar\n\n15 min\n\n15 min\n\nSATURDAYS.\n\n7.00 .40 .30 .\n\n11 15 .m. to 12.00 Boos\n\n12 00 noon to 1.00 pm\n\n1.00 pm to 4.00 p\n\n4.00 pm to 8.10 p.\n\nEvery 16 min\n\nNIGHT CARS.\n\n50 p.m.\n\n8.00 p.m.\n\n9.20 p.m\n\n11.30 p.m.\n\n9.45 p.m.\n\nSPECIAL CARS.\n\nBY ARRANGEMENT AT THE COMPANY'S OPTION.\n\nALEXANDRA BUILDINGS, DES VOEUX ROAD\n\nTIDE TABLE.\n\n30th. Sept. to 6th. Oct. 1922.\n\nEASTERN EXTENSION AUSTRA ASIA CHINA TELEGRAPH\n\nSUBSIDIARY COINS.\n\nHongkong, Sept. 30, 1922,\n\nM. E. F. AIREY,\n\nSuperintendent.\n\nCHURCH NOTICES.\n\nA CHARGE OF ONE DOLLAR IS MADE FOR NOTICES UNDER THIS HEADING.\n\nSt. John's Cathedral, Hongkong.\n\nUNDER\n\n1st October, 1922, 16th Sunday after Trinity.\n\nHoly Communion, (7.50 am,).\n\nChildren's Service (10 a.m.)\n\nService: 4, 329, 335, Matins (11 a.m.).\n\nResponses Ferial; Venite: Macfarren (31) Psalms: 90 Barnby, 91 Barnby ; Te Deum: Havergal, Trent. Havergal (7th day); Benedictus: Bennett (23rd evening); Anthem: \"Once long ago,\"\n\nHymns Chant. 17. Jubilate. 830, 287, 385.\n\n6 p.m. Divine Service.\n\nSubject: \"The Grammar of Faith.\"\n\nHymns: 51, 654, 379, 781, 947.\n\nSoloist, Miss G. Brock.\n\nPreacher, Rev. C. Clouston Porri, H. C. F.\n\nHoly Communion at the close of the service.\n\nWesleyan Sailors' - Soldiers' Home, Arsenal Street, Sunday, 8.15 p.m., Chaplain's Meeting followed by Social Hour.\n\nWednesday, 8.00 p.m. Opening Social of the Wesleyan Guild and Grand Concert by the King's Follies.\n\nMission (Rhenish Church, Bonham Road).\n\nSunday, October 1st, 1922, at 7.30 p.m.\n\nHymns: 281 Lead us, Heavenly Father lead us, 201 Oft in danger oft in woe.\n\nViolin Solo: By Mr. Tschaikowsky:\n\nUniversity Students' Services\n\nA Hymn: 434.\n\nHoly Communion, (12 noon).\n\nEvensong (6 p.m.)\n\nResponses: Ferial; Psalm: 9% Barnby; Magnificat: Smart: Nunc Dimittis: Wesley; Hymns: 164, 223, 477.\n\nPeak Church.\n\nHoly Communion (8.15 a.m.).\n\nWesleyan Church, Queen's Road.\n\nOpposite Royal Naval Hospital.\n\nWanchai.\n\nSunday, October 1st.. 1922, 10.15 a.m.\n\nDivine Service and Naval and Garrison Church Parade.\n\nSubject: \"The Unwearied God.\"\n\nPreacher: V. F. Viccajee.\n\nWesleyan Church, Queen's Road.\n\nOpposite Royal Naval Hospital.\n\nWanchai.\n\nSunday, October 1st.. 1922, 10.15 a.m.\n\nDivine Service\n\nPreacher: Dr. G. H. Thomas, M.D., B. S.\n\nSubject: \"What is Christianity!\"\n\nFirst Church of Christ. Scientist\n\nMcDonnell Road, below Bowen Road Tram Station-Sunday, 11.15 a.m.; Wednesday, 5.45 p.m.\n\nPrinted and Published for the Proprietor, by Alfred Morley at 11, Ice House Street, in the City of Victoria Hongkong.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12].txt",
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        "id": 495452,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-481 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 122,
        "title": "CO129-481 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "Page 35.\n\nTable of Notifiable diseases. It will be observed that Tuberculosis is not included among these diseases, but in view of its considerable incidence (e.g. in Tung Wah Hospital 656 cases with a mortality of 50%, see page 24) it would appear desirable that it should be so included in order that, if possible, early infections may be removed from insanitary or overcrowded surroundings, the latter being subsequently disinfected, and advanced cases may be isolated to prevent their acting as continuous sources of infection.\n\nPage 8.\n\nReport of the Sanitary Department.\n\nRat-catching. Of the total rats caught in Hong Kong (= 76,844), 6 only were found to be infected with plague - less than 0.008%, and in Kowloon where 2,452 were caught, 19 were infected - less than 0.06%. These are surprisingly low figures in view of the statement on page 8 of the Medical Report that 1,181 cases of plague were certified during the year.\n\nPage 8.\n\nMosquito prevention. In view of the known presence of Stegomyia fasciata in Victoria and the Kowloon districts (see page 18 of Medical Report), and the importance of this mosquito from its connection with yellow fever in other parts, steps should be taken to minimise or do away with its breeding places, wherever possible. Its well-known habits as a semi-domesticated mosquito indicate the lines on which steps should be taken. Thorough house-to-house inspections at regular short intervals should be made by Sanitary Inspectors in their districts to ensure that all receptacles used for the storing of water are covered and protected from access for the deposition of eggs, and that eaves-gutters and rain water pipes etc. shall not contain residual water in which mosquitoes may breed. \"Mosquito-larvae Indexes\", showing the percentage of infested to uninfested houses should be prepared and issued for each district by the Sanitary Inspectors in charge, quarterly, that an active control may be instituted and maintained.\n\nAction in this respect appears to be possible under the Bye-law \"Prevention of the Dissemination of Disease by Mosquitoes\" of The Public Health and Buildings Ordinance (No. 1 of 1903).\n\nPage 9. Vaccination & Page 63. Small Pox. It is stated that a form of compulsory vaccination is in force, but no figures are given to show the proportion of known successful cases among those vaccinated (see also Appendix H, page 27).\n\nSuch figures would have been interesting in connection with the special campaign in January when, within twenty-two days, the very large number of 126,000 persons were vaccinated, some apparently by non-medical hands.\n\nAs regards Small Pox, the table on this page appears to indicate the distinct value of vaccination in the arrest of Small Pox, since following the epidemic of 1916-17, when nearly 300,000 Chinese were vaccinated, the disease was limited to almost normal figures in the ensuing three years. It will be of interest to observe from future Reports the relative incidence of Small Pox after the vaccination of 127,300 persons in 1922.\n\nDuke of Devonshire.\n\n29.\n\nIt is clear that the floating character of the population of Hong Kong, especially among the Chinese, must prevent the formation of reliable Health Statistics, while the incomplete registration of Chinese births renders impossible the calculation of the Infantile Mortality. Such figures as are available, however, show a Chinese birth-rate of 6.25, while the death-rate is as high as 25.47 per thousand (pages 42–43).",
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        "id": 497361,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7]",
        "page_number": 47,
        "title": "CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7]",
        "content_text": "## \n8. There is no means of knowing the proportion of successful operations but casual observation at the stations would seem to point to a satisfactory proportion.\n\nThe expense involved (excluding supervision by my inspectors, clerical work, etc.) is $16,750 of which $1,000 is wages, $5,000 cost of lymph bought of Dr. Haffkine, $4,500 cost of Government lymph (a book entry only), $250 wool, $100 spirits and $900 erection of booths, purchase of scalpels, hand-basins, towels and similar stores (much of which is still serviceable).\n\nThis gives a figure of $0.084 per vaccination. Excluding Government lymph the figure is $0.10.\n\n10.\n\nIn an experiment I authorised a charge of 3 cents in Victoria for the final 14 days and took $63 (1,260 vaccinations).\n\n11. I received much help from the following volunteer organisations who gave up their leisure for some two months to assist the campaign:\n\n| Organisation | Number of Vaccinations |\n| --- | --- |\n| The Boys Scouts | 7,400 |\n| St. John Ambulance | 6,500 |\n| Y.M.C.A. Division | 3,800 |\n| Sai Ying Pun Division | 2,200 |\n| Others | 450 |\n| Total | 20,350 (not 26,360, as the original numbers add up to 20,350) is incorrect, the original text has 26,360  |\n\nThe help of the Sea Scouts was particularly valuable as I have been entirely dependent on them for vaccinating the floating population up to date. The Commissioner himself (the Hon. G. T. Waldegrave) took the keenest interest in the work and directed the operations in person on board the \"Mao Spring\" day after day with most useful results.\n\n12. The members of the various Chinese Committees (Tung Wah Hospital, Chinese Public Dispensaries, etc.) were pleased to lend their countenance to our efforts and Mr. B. W. Tso...",
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    {
        "id": 497578,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7]",
        "page_number": 264,
        "title": "CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7]",
        "content_text": "## VIII-CRIMINAL AND POLICE\n\nThe total of all cases reported to the Police was 13,939 being an increase of 1,697 or 13.86 per cent. as compared with 1921. There was in 1922 an increase in serious offences of 130 or 3.15 per cent. as compared with the previous year. The number of Serious offences reported was 38 below the average of the quinquennial period commencing with the year 1918. The number of minor offences reported shows an increase of 1,567 as compared with 1921 and was 2,561 over the average of the quinquennial period.\n\nThe total strength of the Police Force in 1922 was Europeans 188, Indians 431, Chinese 762 making a total of 1,381 exclusive of the six superior officers and staff of clerks and coolies. These figures include police paid for by the railway and other Government departments. Of this force 17 Europeans, 118 Indians, and 57 Chinese were stationed in the New Territories during the year.\n\nThe District Watchmen Force, numbering 102, to which the Government contributes $2,000 per annum, was well supported by the Chinese during the year. These watchmen patrol the streets in the Chinese quarter of the City. They are placed on police beats and are supervised by the European police on section patrol. A detective branch of the force has done useful work under the supervision of a European Inspector.\n\nThe total number of persons committed to Victoria Gaol was 5,014 as compared with 4,990 in 1921. Of these 1,358 were committed for criminal offences against 1,732 in 1921. Of committals for non-criminal offences there were 107 more for hawking without a licence, and 5 more for unlawfully boarding steamers, than in 1921.\n\nThe daily average of prisoners confined in the Gaol was 787 the average for 1921 being 764, and the highest previous average being 756 in 1919. The percentage of prisoners to population, according to the daily average of the former and the estimated number of the latter, was 0.12. The average percentage for the last ten years was 0.12. Owing, however, to the large floating population, which is constantly moving between the Colony and Canton, the percentage of crime to population does not convey an accurate idea of the comparative criminality of the residents of the Colony. The Victoria Gaol has accommodation for 700 prisoners including patients in hospital. The Branch Prison at Lai Chi Kok has accommodation for 200 prisoners in association.\n\nThe prison discipline was very satisfactory, the average of punishments per prisoner being 0.52 as compared with 12.6 in 1921 and 0.99 in 1920.\n\nLong sentence prisoners serving two years and upwards are taught useful trades, including printing, book-binding, tin-smithing, etc.\n\n-34- \n\nThe Po Leung Kuk was incorporated in 1893 and is presided over by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs and not more than twelve directors nominated by the Governor. The actual management is entrusted to a committee elected annually by the members of the Society. The Society's buildings have been declared a Refuge under the Women and Girls Protection Ordinance, and almost all women and girls detained by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs under that Ordinance are sent to the Po Leung Kuk. During 1922 the number of persons admitted was 255 and at the close of the year 42 remained under the care of the Society. The inmates are under the immediate charge of a Chinese matron, and instruction is given them by the matron and a Chinese teacher in elementary subjects and in needlework.\n\nThe Diocesan Refuge is an institution, under mission auspices, founded for rescue work among the Chinese. It was housed in the Bolilios Reformatory up to the outbreak of war, but the work is at present carried on at Kowloon City. A small grant is made by the Government.\n\nThe City Hall receives an annual grant of $1,200 from Government. It contains a theatre, some large rooms which are used for balls, meetings, concerts, etc., a museum in which are some very fair specimens, and a large reference and lending library, to which new volumes are added from time to time, as funds will allow. The building was erected in 1866-9 by subscription.\n\nSmall grants are also given to the Italian Convent, the French Convent (both of which take in and tend abandoned or sick infants), the West Point Orphanage, the Seamen's Hospital, and other charitable institutions.\n\nThe Chinese Public Dispensaries are institutions maintained in order to provide the Chinese with the services of doctors, whose certificates will be accepted by the Registrar of Deaths, and with the services of interpreters, who can assist the inmates of houses where a case of infectious disease has occurred.\n\nCoolies are engaged and ambulances and dead vans provided in order to remove cases of infectious disease to the Infectious Diseases Hospital and dead bodies to the Mortuary. The Dispensaries receive sick infants and send them to one or other of the Convents and arrange for the burial of dead infants. Free advice and medicine are given and patients are attended at their houses. There are eight Dispensaries in existence. The total cost of maintenance was $47,801 for the year 1922. The Government makes an annual grant of $7,000, and the rest of the cost is defrayed by voluntary subscription. The Dispensaries are conducted by committees under the chairmanship of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.\n\n— \n35 \n— \n20 \n254",
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    {
        "id": 497952,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-485 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 123,
        "title": "CO129-485 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "# VII.—CRIMINAL AND POLICE\n\nThe total of all cases reported to the Police was 14,200 being an increase of 261 or 1.87 per cent, as compared with 1922. There was in 1923 an increase in serious offences of 123 or 0.54 per cent, as compared with the previous year. The number of serious offences reported was 156 below the average of the quinquennial period commencing with the year 1919. The number of minor offences reported shows an increase of 238 as compared with 1922 and was 1,371 over the average of the quinquennial period.\n\nThe total strength of the Police Force in 1923 was Europeans 235, Indians 500, Chinese 805 making a total of 1,540 exclusive of the six superior officers and staff of clerks and coolies. These figures include police paid for by the railway and other Government departments. Of this force 20 Europeans, 34 Indians, and 169 Chinese were stationed in the New Territories during the year.\n\nThe District Watchmen Force, numbering 102, to which the Government contributes $2,000 per annum, was well supported by the Chinese during the year. These watchmen patrol the streets in the Chinese quarter of the City. They are placed on police beats and are supervised by the European police on section patrol. A detective branch of the force has done useful work under the supervision of a European Inspector.\n\nThe total number of persons committed to Victoria Gaol was 5,338 as compared with 5,014 in 1922. Of these 920 were committed for criminal offences against 1,358 in 1922. Of committals for non-criminal offences there were 59 less for hawking without a licence, and 24 more for unlawfully boarding steamers, than in 1922.\n\nThe daily average of prisoners confined in the Gaol was 861, the average for 1922 being 787, and the highest previous average being 764 in 1921. The percentage of prisoners to population, according to the daily average of the former and the estimated number of the latter, was 0.12. The average percentage for the last ten years was 12. Owing, however, to the large floating population, which is constantly moving between the Colony and Canton, the percentage of crime to population does not convey an accurate idea of the comparative criminality of the residents of the Colony. The Victoria Gaol has accommodation for 700 prisoners including patients in Hospital. The Branch Prison at Laichikok has accommodation for 200 prisoners in association.\n\nThe prison discipline was very satisfactory, the average of punishments per prisoner being 0.5 as compared with 0.52 in 1922 and 12.6 in 1921.\n\nLong sentence prisoners serving two years and upwards are taught useful trades, including printing, book-binding, tin-smithing, mat-making, tailoring, carpentering, etc. The profit on the work done was $116,714.72 as against $125,571.47 in 1922. A sum of $4,207 was received and credited to Government for non-Government work as against $3,298 in 1922.\n\n## IX.—VITAL STATISTICS\n\n### (a.)—POPULATION\n\nThe civil population of the Colony, according to the census taken on April 24th, 1921, was 625,166, of whom 83,163 reside in the New Territories and in New Kowloon; at the census taken in 1911 it was 456,739 with 104,287 as the figure for the New Territories and New Kowloon. The estimated total population at the middle of the year under review was 681,800, but this includes the New Territories; and, as the birth and death figures given below do not include those from this area (with the exception of New Kowloon), the population for the purposes of calculating these rates is estimated at 597,300, of whom 15,500 were non-Chinese.\n\nThe distribution of population estimated to the middle of 1923 was as follows:\n| Category | Population |\n| --- | --- |\n| Non-Chinese Civil Community | 15,500 |\n| City of Victoria (including Peak) | 350,000 |\n| Villages of Hongkong | 26,300 |\n| Kowloon (including New Kowloon) | 140,000 |\n| New Territories | 84,500 |\n| Population afloat | 65,500 |\n| **Total Chinese Population** | **666,300** |\n| **Total Civil Population** | **681,800** |\n\n### (b.)—PUBLIC HEALTH AND SANITATION\n\nThe activity in building operations, which has been so noticeable a feature since 1912, has not abated, and the demand for housing accommodation by the Chinese continued to be greatly in excess of the supply, as many of those who fled with their families to Hongkong during 1911, 1912, and 1913 elected to remain in the Colony.\n\nThe birth-rate for the year was 6.97 per 1,000 among the Chinese community and 23.03 per 1,000 among the non-Chinese community, as compared with 6.25 and 22.84 for 1922.\n\n*This figure is wholly misleading as it is impossible to register more than a portion of the births.",
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    {
        "id": 502498,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-492 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1925 [12] - 1926 [1-5]",
        "page_number": 189,
        "title": "CO129-492 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1925 [12] - 1926 [1-5]",
        "content_text": "32\n\nVIII. CRIMINAL AND POLICE.\n\nThe total of all cases reported to the Police was 17,566, being an increase of 3,366 or 23.7 per cent, as compared with 1923. There was in 1924 an increase in serious offences of 548 or 13.7 per cent, as compared with the previous year. The number of serious offences reported was 170 over the average of the quinquennial period commencing with the year 1920. The number of minor offences reported shows an increase of 2,818 as compared with 1923 and was 3,424 over the average of the quinquennial period.\n\nThe total strength of the Police Force in 1924 was Europeans 235, Indians 504, Chinese 805, making a total of 1,544, exclusive of the six superior officers and staff of clerks and coolies. These figures include police paid for by the railway and other Government departments. Of this force, 15 Europeans, 29 Indians, and 141 Chinese were stationed in the New Territories during the year.\n\nThe District Watchmen Force, numbering 122, to which the Government contributes $2,000 per annum, was well supported by the Chinese during the year. These watchmen patrol the streets in the Chinese quarter of the City. They are placed on police beats and are supervised by the European police on section patrol. A detective branch of the force has done useful work under the supervision of a European Inspector.\n\nThe total number of persons committed to Victoria Gaol was 7,382, as compared with 5,338 in 1923. Of these, 1,644 were committed for criminal offences against 926 in 1923. Of committals for non-criminal offences, there were 23 more for hawking without a licence, and 30 less for unlawfully boarding steamers, than in 1923.\n\nThe daily average of prisoners confined in the Gaol was 1,061, the average for 1923 being 861, and the highest previous average being 707 in 1922. The percentage of prisoners to population, according to the daily average of the former and the estimated number of the latter, was 0.13. The average percentage for the last ten years was 0.12. Owing, however, to the large floating population, which is constantly moving between the Colony and Canton, the percentage of crime to population does not convey an accurate idea of the comparative criminality of the residents of the Colony. The Victoria Gaol has accommodation for 700 prisoners, including patients in Hospital. The Branch Prison at Laichikok has accommodation for 350 prisoners in association.\n\nThe prison discipline was very satisfactory, the average of punishments per prisoner being 0.43 as compared with 0.5 in 1923 and 0.52 in 1922.\n\nLong sentence prisoners serving two years and upwards are taught useful trades, including printing, book-binding, tin-smithing, mat-making, tailoring, carpentering, etc. The profit on the work done was $121,664.03 as against $116,714.72 in 1923. A sum of $4,427 was received and credited to Government for non-Government work as against $4,207 in 1923.\n\n33\n\nIX.-VITAL STATISTICS.\n\n(a.)-POPULATION.\n\nThe civil population of the Colony, according to the census taken on April 24th, 1921, was 625,166, of whom 83,163 reside in the New Territories and in New Kowloon; at the census taken in 1911, it was 456,739, with 104,287 as the figure for the New Territories and New Kowloon. The estimated total population at the middle of the year under review was 799,550, but this includes the New Territories; and, as the birth and death figures given below do not include those from this area (with the exception of New Kowloon), the population for the purposes of calculating these rates is estimated at 714,550, of whom 16,000 were non-Chinese.\n\nThe distribution of population estimated to the middle of 1924 was as follows:-\n\n  \n    Chinese Population.\n    \n    783,550\n  \n  \n    Non-Chinese Civil Community,\n    \n    16,000\n  \n  \n    City of Victoria (including Peak),\n    420,000\n    \n  \n  \n    Villages of Hongkong,\n    29,800\n    \n  \n  \n    Kowloon (including New Kowloon),\n    180,000\n    \n  \n  \n    New Territories,\n    85,000\n    \n  \n  \n    Population afloat,\n    68,750\n    \n  \n  \n    Total Chinese Population,\n    \n    783,550\n  \n  \n    Total Civil Population,\n    \n    799,550\n  \n\n(b.)-PUBLIC HEALTH AND SANITATION.\n\nThe activity in building operations, which has been so noticeable a feature since 1912, has not abated, and the demand for housing accommodation by the Chinese continued to be greatly in excess of the supply, as many of those who fled with their families to Hongkong during 1911, 1912, and 1913 elected to remain in the Colony.\n\nThe birth-rate for the year was 5.47* per 1,000 among the Chinese community and 18.25 per 1,000 among the non-Chinese community, as compared with 6.97 and 23.03 for 1923.\n\nThe death-rate for the year was 21.9 per 1,000 among the Chinese community and 15.86 among the non-Chinese civil community, as compared with 23.27 and 14.83 for 1923.\n\nThe deaths from Malaria numbered 707 (674 in 1923). The deaths of Chinese from this cause in the City of Victoria numbered 187 out of a population of 420,000 or a rate of 0.44 per 1,000 per annum.\n\nThe deaths from Plague numbered nil as compared with 136 in 1923.\n\n* This figure is wholly misleading as it is impossible to register more than a portion of the births.\n\n184",
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    {
        "id": 502516,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-492 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1925 [12] - 1926 [1-5]",
        "page_number": 207,
        "title": "CO129-492 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1925 [12] - 1926 [1-5]",
        "content_text": "32 -\n\nVIII CRIMINAL AND POLICE.\n\nThe total of all cases reported to the Police was 17,560 being an increase of 3,366 or 23.7 per cent. as compared with 1923. There was in 1924 an increase in serious offences of 548 or 13.7 per cent. as compared with the previous year. The number of serious offences reported was 170 over the average of the quinquennial period commencing with the year 1920. The number of minor offences reported shows an increase of 2,818 as compared with 1923 and was 3,424 over the average of the quinquennial period.\n\nThe total strength of the Police Force in 1924 was Europeans 235, Indians 504, Chinese 805 making a total of 1,544 exclusive of the six superior officers and staff of clerks and coolies. These figures include police paid for by the railway and other Government departments. Of this force 15 Europeans, 29 Indians, and 141 Chinese were stationed in the New Territories during the year.\n\nThe District Watchmen Force, numbering 122, to which the Government contributes $2,000 per annum, was well supported by the Chinese during the year. These watchmen patrol the streets in the Chinese quarter of the City. They are placed on police beats and are supervised by the European police on section patrol. A detective branch of the force has done useful work under the supervision of a European Inspector.\n\nThe total number of persons committed to Victoria Gaol was 7,382 as compared with 5,338 in 1923. Of these 1,644 were committed for criminal offences against 928 in 1923. Of committals for non-criminal offences there were 23 more for hawking without a licence, and 30 less for unlawfully boarding steamers, than in 1923.\n\nThe daily average of prisoners confined in the Gaol was 1,061, the average for 1923 being 861, and the highest previous average being 707 in 1922. The percentage of prisoners to population, according to the daily average of the former and the estimated number of the latter, was 0.13. The average percentage for the last ten years was 0.12. Owing, however, to the large floating population, which is constantly moving between the Colony and Canton, the percentage of crime to population does not convey an accurate idea of the comparative criminality of the residents of the Colony. The Victoria Gaol has accommodation for 700 prisoners including patients in Hospital. The Branch Prison at Laichikok has accommodation for 350 prisoners in association.\n\nThe prison discipline was very satisfactory, the average of punishments per prisoner being 0.43 as compared with 0.5 in 1923 and 0.52 in 1922.\n\nLong sentence prisoners serving two years and upwards are taught useful trades, including printing, book-binding, tin-smithing, mat-making, tailoring, carpentering, etc. The profit on the work done was $121,064.03 as against $116,714.72 in 1923. A sum of $4,427 was received and credited to Government for non-Government work as against $1,207 in 1923.\n\n- 33 -\n\nIX. VITAL STATISTICS.\n\n(a) POPULATION.\n\nThe civil population of the Colony, according to the census taken on April 24th, 1921, was 625,166, of whom 83,103 reside in the New Territories and in New Kowloon; at the census taken in 1911 it was 456,739 with 104,257 as the figure for the New Territories and New Kowloon. The estimated total population at the middle of the year under review was 799,550, but this includes the New Territories; and, as the birth and death figures given below do not include those from this area (with the exception of New Kowloon), the population for the purposes of calculating these rates is estimated at 714,550, of whom 16,000 were non-Chinese.\n\nThe distribution of population estimated to the middle of 1924 was as follows:—\n\n  \n    Chinese Population.\n    \n    783,550\n  \n  \n    Non-Chinese Civil Community,\n    10,000\n    \n  \n  \n    City of Victoria (including Peak)\n    420,000\n    \n  \n  \n    Villages of Hongkong,\n    29,800\n    \n  \n  \n    Kowloon (including New Kowloon),\n    180,000\n    \n  \n  \n    New Territories,\n    85,000\n    \n  \n  \n    Population afloat,\n    68,750\n    \n  \n  \n    Total Chinese Population,\n    \n    783,550\n  \n  \n    Total Civil Population,\n    \n    799,550\n  \n\n(b) PUBLIC HEALTH AND SANITATION.\n\nThe activity in building operations, which has been so noticeable a feature since 1912, has not abated, and the demand for housing accommodation by the Chinese continued to be greatly in excess of the supply, as many of those who fled with their families to Hongkong during 1911, 1912, and 1913 elected to remain in the Colony.\n\nThe birth-rate for the year was 5.47 per 1,000 among the Chinese community and 18.25 per 1,000 among the non-Chinese community, as compared with 6.97 and 23.03 for 1923.\n\nThe death-rate for the year was 21.9 per 1,000 among the Chinese community and 15.86 among the non-Chinese civil community, as compared with 23.27 and 14.83 for 1923.\n\nThe deaths from Malaria numbered 707 (874 in 1923). The deaths of Chinese from this cause in the City of Victoria numbered 187 out of a population of 420,000 or a rate of 0.44 per 1,000 per annum.\n\nThe deaths from Plague numbered nil as compared with 136 in 1923.\n\n* This figure is wholly misleading as it is impossible to register more than a portion of the births.",
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        "id": 504166,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 36,
        "title": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "35\n\n63\n\nHONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\nAUDIT DEPARTMENT\n\nOne additional Assistant Auditor is provided for. The Government attaches the greatest importance to the prompt and regular check by Audit on all revenue and expenditure accounts and is satisfied that this cannot be adequately maintained with the existing Audit Staff.\n\nPOST OFFICE\n\nThe present Accountant and the present Superintendent of the Money Order Office, after many years of faithful service are both approaching the period of retirement. A new Accountant to be recruited if possible with postal experience in England is now provided for and it is intended that he shall in due course be responsible for supervising all the financial work of the Post Office, the separate post of Superintendent of the Money Order Office being abolished.\n\nA large saving is anticipated under the subhead Carriage of Mails owing to new arrangements made by the British Postal Authorities.\n\nIMPORTS AND EXPORTS OFFICE\n\nTwo Boarding Officers, One Junk Inspector, Two Marine Surveyors, One Stenographer,\n\nThe increase in salaries owing to these new posts is $33,344 but the Government feels justified in asking for this increase in order that the Harbour Department may be in a position to deal efficiently with that increase in business which we confidently anticipate on the return of normal trading conditions. The present staff has found it a matter of the greatest difficulty to cope with the work now falling upon it and is inadequate to deal with any considerable increase.\n\nThe separate post of Master of the Rescue Tug disappears as the duties will be performed by one of the additional Boarding Masters.\n\nThe only other item calling for special mention is the sum of $40,000 under Special Expenditure for a launch to replace the Victoria which is now about 40 years old and has been condemned as unfit for further service.\n\nFIRE BRIGADE\n\nUnder Personal Emoluments there is an increase of one European and three Chinese Revenue Officers. It is anticipated that increased supervision will result in an increase of revenue which will much more than meet the increased cost. There is an anticipated saving of $25,000 in the cost of raw opium.\n\nUnder this head there is a very considerable increase in Personal Emoluments owing to the adoption of many of the recommendations of the Fire Brigade Committee whose report was published as Sessional Paper No. 6 of 1926. There is an increase in the floating staff owing to the fact that the new fire float was brought into service this year. The reduction in Rent of Stations is due to the approaching completion of the new Fire Station. Under Special Expenditure it will be seen that provision has been made for two light motor pumps. It is hoped that these will prove specially useful in the steeper districts where fire-fighting has always been a serious problem.\n\nHARBOUR DEPARTMENT\n\nIt is I think unnecessary for me to emphasize the importance to this Colony of the Harbour which is indeed the cause and reason of the Colony's existence. It is all important that our splendid harbour should be efficiently administered and the Government, after careful consideration of a very full report by the present Harbour Master in which he pointed out the inadequacy of the present staff, has decided to recommend to this Council the following increases:\n\nOne Deputy Harbour Master,\n\n(The post of Assistant Harbour Master being retained on a lower salary),\n\nSUPREME COURT\n\nOwing to the increase of work in the Registrar's Department two officers have been transferred as Bailiffs from the Public Works Department and an increase in the vote for watchmen has become necessary.\n\nHONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\nOFFICIAL RECEIVER\n\nIt has been customary in the past for this post either to be filled by a Cadet Officer, or, when such officer was not available, to be combined with that of Registrar, Supreme Court. This arrangement has proved unsatisfactory and the Government, on the advice of His Honour the Chief Justice, consider that a permanent appointment is necessary for this important post. Provision has therefore been made accordingly.\n\nPOLICE FORCE\n\nAs regards Personal Emoluments the only changes of importance are in the relative strengths of the Indian and Wei Hai Wei Contingents. The total strength remains the same—viz., 908 but as the periods of engagement of the Wei Hai Wei men come to an end they are replaced by recruitment from India; the Indians are more expensive but experience has shown that they are worth the extra cost.\n\nAn increase has been provided in the numbers of Cantonese Female Searchers, owing to the prevalence of smuggling of arms and opium.\n\nUnder Other Charges conveyance allowances have been increased in pursuance of the policy of encouraging officers to provide their own motor cycles and to use them on Government service.\n\nUnder Special Expenditure $6,000 has been inserted for purchase of arms. Many replacements and spare parts are necessary and it is essential that this branch of equipment should be kept in proper order.\n\nThe Verey light pistols and cartridges are in the nature of an experiment and are intended for use by villages in the New Territory in case of attack by armed bands of robbers.\n\nThe motor car is intended chiefly for the use of the Criminal Investigation Department and will save considerable expenditure now incurred in hiring cars.\n\nThe last sub-head, Expenses of convoy system $19,800 provides for the 50 machine gunners employed prior to the boycott in piracy prevention work on the river steamers. The men are held in readiness for the resumption of the convoy system and are meanwhile being used to supplement the Police Force which is below strength owing to unfilled vacancies.\n\n64\n\nTRISONS\n\nProvision has been inserted for rent for quarters for European Warders. Owing to the insufficiency of the Jail Quarters it is necessary to provide rented quarters for married warders in close proximity to the Jail.\n\nMEDICAL DEPARTMENT\n\nIn spite of the need for economy the Government has considered it necessary to make a considerable increase in the personnel of the Medical Department in order to safeguard effectively the all-important question of Public Health. Provision is made for three new Medical Officers, one for Radiological work, one for the enlarged Victoria Hospital and to assist at the Tung Wah Hospital and one for the Kowloon Hospital for which only one permanent Medical Officer is at present provided. Provision is inserted for the first time for the staff of the Peak Hospital, including five nursing sisters. An Assistant Bacteriologist is provided for owing to the growth and importance of the Bacteriological work; it is hoped that by this arrangement we shall in future be able not only to supply our own requirements in the matter of vaccines and sera, but also to supply outside requirements as well, and that the savings and profits will more than cover the cost of the additional staff.\n\nThe only other matter calling for special comment is the X Ray plant sub-head 43. It was not possible to obtain the new plant this year and the Government is advised that the amount provided in the current estimates was inadequate. The amount has therefore been increased to $15,000 of which $10,000 is a revote.\n\nSANITARY DEPARTMENT\n\nAs in the case of the Medical Department a due regard for the Public Health has led the Government to provide an increase in the personnel of the Sanitary",
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    {
        "id": 508402,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-501-7 Annual general report- 1925 26-11-1926 - 8-6-1927",
        "page_number": 32,
        "title": "CO129-501-7 Annual general report- 1925 26-11-1926 - 8-6-1927",
        "content_text": "## VIII-CRIMINAL AND POLICE\n\nThe total of all cases reported to the Police was 16,783 being a decrease of 789 or 4.4 per cent. as compared with 1924. There was in 1925 a decrease in serious offences of 738 or 16.4 per cent. as compared with the previous year. The number of serious offences reported was 365 below the average of the quinquennial period commencing with the year 1921. The number of minor offences reported shows a decrease of 48 as compared with 1924 and was 2,202 over the average of the quinquennial period.\n\nThe total strength of the Police Force in 1925 was Europeans 246, Indians 564, Chinese 945 making a total of 1,755 exclusive of the six superior officers and staff of clerks and coolies. These figures include police paid for by the railway and other Government departments. Of this force 15 Europeans, 39 Indians, and 153 Chinese were stationed in the New Territories during the year.\n\nThe District Watchmen Force, numbering 122, to which the Government contributes $2,000 per annum, was well supported by the Chinese during the year. These watchmen patrol the streets in the Chinese quarter of the City. They are placed on police beats and are supervised by the European police on section patrol. A detective branch of the force has done useful work under the supervision of a European Inspector.\n\nThe total number of persons committed to Victoria Gaol was 6,339 as compared with 7,382 in 1924. Of these 613 were committed for criminal offences against 1,644 in 1924. Of committals for non-criminal offences, there were 51 more for hawking without a licence, and 24 less for unlawfully cutting trees, than in 1924.\n\nThe daily average of prisoners confined in the Gaol was 1,116, the average for 1924 being 1,066, and the highest previous average being 861 in 1923. The percentage of prisoners to population, according to the daily average of the former and the estimated number of the latter, was 0.13. The average percentage for the last ten years was 0.32. Owing, however, to the large floating population, which is constantly moving between the Colony and Chinese Territory, the percentage of crime to population does not convey an accurate idea of the comparative criminality of the residents of the Colony. The Victoria Gaol has accommodation for 700 prisoners including patients in Hospital. The Branch Prison at Laichikok has accommodation for 350 prisoners in association.\n\nThe prison discipline was satisfactory, the average of punishments per prisoner being 0.71 as compared with 0.43 in 1924 and 0.32 in 1923.\n\nLong sentence prisoners serving two years and upwards are taught useful trades, including printing, book-binding, tin-smithing, mat-making, tailoring, carpentering, etc. The profit on the work done was $122,221.20 as against $121,664.20 in 1924. A sum of $3,758 was received and credited to Government for non-Government work as against $4,427 in 1924.",
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    {
        "id": 511920,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-506-2 Annual general report- 1926 19-9-1927 - 30-11-1927",
        "page_number": 24,
        "title": "CO129-506-2 Annual general report- 1926 19-9-1927 - 30-11-1927",
        "content_text": "34\n\n3 se\n\n30\n\nThe Tung Wa also maintain a branch hospital for small-pox cases (Chinese only) at Kennedy Town. It contains 70 beds and during 1926, 23 cases were treated.\n\nThe Kwong Wa Hospital for Chinese in the Kowloon Peninsula was opened on the 9th October, 1911. It occupies a site having an area of three acres and provides accommodation for 226 patients. The existing buildings contain 226 beds and 6,336 patients were accommodated during 1926. The collection of subscriptions and the supervision of the building were undertaken by a special committee under the chairmanship of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs. The hospital received a grant of $33,500 in 1926 from the Government.\n\nVII—INSTITUTIONS NOT SUPPORTED BY GOVERNMENT.\n\nAmong institutions recognised and encouraged, but not to any considerable extent supported by Government may be mentioned the Pó Leung Kuk, the Eyre Refuge, the City Hall, and the Chinese Public Dispensaries.\n\nThe Pó Leung Kuk is a Chinese Society founded in 1878 for the suppression of kidnapping and traffic in human beings. It was incorporated in 1893 and is presided over by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs and not more than twelve directors nominated by the Governor. The actual management is entrusted to a committee elected annually by the members of the Society. The Society's buildings have been declared a Refuge under the Women and Girls Protection Ordinance, and almost all women and girls detained by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs under that Ordinance are sent to the Pó Leung Kuk. During 1926 the number of persons admitted was 299 and at the close of the year 45 remained under the care of the Society. The inmates are under the immediate charge of a Chinese matron, and instruction is given them by the matron and a Chinese teacher in elementary subjects and in needlework.\n\nThe Chinese Public Dispensaries are institutions maintained in order to provide the Chinese with the services of doctors, whose certificates will be accepted by the Registrar of Deaths, and with the services of interpreters, who can assist the inmates of houses, where a case of infectious disease has occurred. Coolies are engaged and ambulances and dead vans provided in order to remove cases of infectious disease to the Infectious Diseases Hospital and dead bodies to the Mortuary. The Dispensaries receive sick infants and send them to one or other of the Convents and arrange for the burial of dead infants. Free advice and medicine are given and patients are attended at their houses. There are eight Dispensaries in existence. The total cost of maintenance was $77,375 for the year 1925. The Government makes an annual grant of $12,000, and the rest of the cost is defrayed by voluntary subscription. The Dispensaries are conducted by committees under the chairmanship of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.\n\n31\n\nVIII. CRIMINAL AND POLICE.\n\nThe total of all cases reported to the Police was 20,048 being an increase of 3,265 or 8.3 per cent as compared with 1925. There was in 1926 an increase in serious offences of 599 or 15.8 per cent as compared with the previous year. The number of serious offences reported was 185 above the average of the quinquennial period commencing with the year 1922. The number of minor offences reported shows an increase of 2,666 as compared with 1925 and was 3,355 over the average of the quinquennial period.\n\nThe total strength of the Police Force in 1926 was Europeans 246, Indians 572, Chinese 946 making a total of 1,764 exclusive of the eight superior officers and staff of clerks and coolies. These figures include police paid for by the Railway and other Government departments. Of this force 16 Europeans, 79 Indians, and 98 Chinese were stationed in the New Territories during the year.\n\nThe District Watchmen Force, numbering 122, to which the Government contributes $2,000 per annum, was well supported by the Chinese during the year. These watchmen patrol the streets in the Chinese quarter of the City. They are placed on police beats and are supervised by the European police on section patrol. A detective branch of the force has done useful work under the supervision of a European Inspector.\n\nThe total number of persons committed to Victoria Gaol was 6,511 as compared with 6,339 in 1925. Of these 1,154 were committed for criminal offences against 613 in 1925. Of committals for non-criminal offences there were 106 less for hawking without a licence, and 2 more for unlawfully cutting trees, than in 1925.\n\nThe daily average of prisoners confined in the Gaol was 1,054 the average for 1925 being 1,116, and the highest previous average being 1,066 in 1924. The percentage of prisoners to population, according to the daily average of the former and the estimated number of the latter, was 0.13. The average percentage for the last ten years was 0.13. Owing, however, to the large floating population, which is constantly moving between the Colony and Chinese Territory, the percentage of crime to population does not convey an accurate idea of the comparative criminality of the residents of the Colony. The Victoria Gaol has accommodation for 700 prisoners including patients in Hospital. The Branch Prison at Laichikok has accommodation for 450 prisoners in association.\n\nThe prison discipline was satisfactory, the average of punishments per prisoner being 0.49 as compared with 0.71 in 1925 and 0.43 in 1924.\n\nLong sentence prisoners serving two years and upwards are taught useful trades, including printing, book-binding, tin-smithing, mat-making, tailoring, carpentering, etc. The profit on the work done was $148,667.80 as against $122,221.20 in 1925. A sum of $4,029 was received and credited to Government for non-Government work as against $3,758 in 1925.",
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    {
        "id": 515879,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-511-22 Annual general report 1927 12-10-1928 - 26-11-1928",
        "page_number": 16,
        "title": "CO129-511-22 Annual general report 1927 12-10-1928 - 26-11-1928",
        "content_text": "There has been a very considerable increase in the population of the Colony during the year, due to a gradual steady return of people and interests that left Hong Kong in 1926. This flow was increased to a flood at two periods—one during the political upheaval in Canton in April, the other in November and December when political disturbances culminated in a Communist rising and burning of part of that city. During the latter phase, it is estimated that at least 50,000 refugees came to Hong Kong. The Police countered the internal effect of these movements by diverting temporarily certain sections of Police from normal duty to search and surveillance of incoming passengers, in which work the newly formed Police Reserve also participated. Special patrols have also assisted in keeping Hong Kong immune from abnormal crime experienced in other ports. The Colony is also indebted to cordial co-operation throughout the year from the Police Authorities in Canton and Macao.\n\nPiracy. Two Naval expeditions, accompanied by a party of Hong Kong Police, were undertaken on March 23rd and September 1st, each following the piracy of a British ship. Operations were confined to destroying the dwellings of pirates. No injury to persons occurred. The result was seen in the capture of the pirated vessel S.S. \"Irene\" with the pirates on board on October 19th by H.M. Submarine L.4. 15 pirates from Bias Bay were executed in Hong Kong during 1927. There has been no piracy emanating from Bias Bay since the case of the S.S. \"Irene\".\n\nA number of piracies on junks occurred during the year in waters near Hong Kong. Piracy in the Canton River delta has increased.\n\nThe year was free from serious strikes or industrial trouble. Two events of importance took place:—\n\n(1) Proscription of the Hong Kong General Labour Union on 31st March.\n\n(2) Proscription of the Chinese Seamen's Union on 26th May.\n\nThe closing of these two centres of sedition evoked no opposition; on the contrary, the workers seem content to be rid of their domination. Small bands of agitators have attempted to cause mischief on a few occasions, but they met with no success.\n\nConstant touch has been maintained with the Shanghai Defence Force.\n\nThe only serious outrage occurred on the 7th December when a party of 4 Armed Robbers who had committed an armed robbery in the Western District were intercepted in the Central District by a Police Search Party. One of the robbers opened fire on the Police, seriously wounding the European Sergeant in charge and a Chinese Detective. One robber was shot dead and two were arrested, one of the latter, however, not until he had seriously wounded one Indian Constable, and one Chinese Constable who subsequently died of his wounds. He also shot dead another Chinese Constable who attempted to intercept him. The Court cases were still pending at the end of the year.\n\nThe year 1927 witnessed the formation of the Police Reserve on lines similar to the Police Reserve organised during the War. It consists of four Contingents, one European, one Indian, one Chinese, and a mixed Motor Cycle Squad.\n\nThe District Watchmen Force, to which the Government contributes $2,000 per annum, was well supported by the Chinese during the year. These watchmen patrol the streets in the Chinese quarter of the City. They are placed on police beats and are supervised by the European police on section patrol. A detective branch of the force has done useful work under the supervision of a European Inspector.\n\nAt the end of the year, the District Watch Force reached full strength, consisting of 122 members. The number of convictions secured by members of the force was 606, a number far above any previous record, as compared with 467 in 1926. Particular attention was given to the activities of pick-pockets with gratifying results; 17% of convictions were of this class. Larceny cases made up 34%, and unlawful possession added another 17%.\n\nThe total number of persons committed to Victoria Gaol was 7,740, as compared with 6,511 in 1926. Of these, 1,740 were committed for criminal offences against 1,454 in 1926. Of committals for non-criminal offences, there were 165 less for hawking without a licence, and 2 more for unlawfully cutting trees, than in 1926.\n\nThe daily average of prisoners confined in the Gaol was 1,189; the average for 1926 being 1,054, and the highest previous average being 1,116 in 1925. The percentage of prisoners to population, according to the daily average of the former and the estimated number of the latter, was 0.136. The average percentage for the last ten years was 0.12. Owing, however, to the large floating population, which is constantly moving between the Colony and Chinese Territory, the percentage of crime to population does not convey an accurate idea of the comparative criminality of the residents of the Colony. The Victoria Gaol has accommodation for 700 prisoners, including patients in Hospital. The Branch Prison at Laichikok has accommodation for 450 prisoners.\n\nThe prison discipline was satisfactory, the average of punishments per prisoner being 0.52, as compared with 0.49 in 1926, and 0.71 in 1925.\n\nPrisoners are employed at printing, book-binding, tinsmithing, mat-making, tailoring, carpentering, soap-making, gardening, etc. Practically all the Government printing and bookbinding are done in Victoria Gaol.\n\nPage 25",
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    {
        "id": 515898,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-511-22 Annual general report 1927 12-10-1928 - 26-11-1928",
        "page_number": 35,
        "title": "CO129-511-22 Annual general report 1927 12-10-1928 - 26-11-1928",
        "content_text": "There has been a very considerable increase in the population of the Colony during the year, due to a gradual steady return of people and interests that left Hong Kong in 1926. This flow was increased to a flood at two periods—one during the political upheaval in Canton in April, the other in November and December when political disturbances culminated in a Communist rising and burning of part of that city. During the latter phase, it is estimated that at least 50,000 refugees came to Hong Kong. The Police countered the internal effect of these movements by diverting temporarily certain sections of Police from normal duty to search and surveillance of incoming passengers, in which work the newly formed Police Reserve also participated. Special patrols have also assisted in keeping Hong Kong immune from abnormal crime experienced in other ports. The Colony is also indebted to cordial co-operation throughout the year from the Police Authorities in Canton and Macao.\n\nPiracy—Two Naval expeditions, accompanied by a party of Hong Kong Police, were undertaken on March 23rd and September 1st, each following the piracy of a British ship. Operations were confined to destroying the dwellings of pirates. No injury to persons occurred. Intelligence work became more successful. The result was seen in the capture of the pirated vessel S.S. \"Irene\" with the pirates on board on October 19th by H.M. Submarine L.4. 15 pirates from Bias Bay were executed in Hong Kong during 1927. There has been no piracy emanating from Bias Bay since the case of the S.S. \"Irene\".\n\nA number of piracies on junks occurred during the year, in waters near Hong Kong. Piracy in the Canton River delta has increased.\n\nThe year was free from serious strikes or industrial trouble. Two events of importance took place:—\n\n(1) Proscription of the Hong Kong General Labour Union on 31st March.\n\n(2) Proscription of the Chinese Seamen's Union on 26th May.\n\nThe closing of these two centres of sedition evoked no opposition; on the contrary, the workers seem content to be rid of their domination. Small bands of agitators have attempted to cause mischief on a few occasions, but they met with no success.\n\nConstant touch has been maintained with the Shanghai Defence Force.\n\nThe only serious outrage occurred on the 7th December when a party of 4 Armed Robbers who had committed an armed robbery in the Western District were intercepted in the Central District by a Police Search Party. One of the robbers opened fire on the Police, seriously wounding the European Sergeant in charge and a Chinese Detective.\n\nOne robber was shot dead and two were arrested, one of the latter, however, not until he had seriously wounded one Indian Constable, and one Chinese Constable who subsequently died of his wounds. He also shot dead another Chinese Constable who attempted to intercept him. The Court cases were still pending at the end of the year.\n\nThe year 1927 witnessed the formation of the Police Reserve on lines similar to the Police Reserve organised during the War. It consists of four Contingents, one European, one Indian, one Chinese, and a mixed Motor Cycle Squad.\n\nThe District Watchmen Force, to which the Government contributes $2,000 per annum, was well supported by the Chinese during the year. These watchmen patrol the streets in the Chinese quarter of the City. They are placed on police beats and are supervised by the European police on section patrol. A detective branch of the force has done useful work under the supervision of a European Inspector.\n\nAt the end of the year, the District Watch Force reached full strength, consisting of 122 members. The number of convictions secured by members of the force was 606, a number far above any previous record, as compared with 467 in 1926. Particular attention was given to the activities of pick-pockets with gratifying results; 17% of convictions were of this class. Larceny cases made up 34%, and unlawful possession added another 17%.\n\nThe total number of persons committed to Victoria Gaol was 7,740, as compared with 6,511 in 1926. Of these, 1,740 were committed for criminal offences, against 1,454 in 1926. Of committals for non-criminal offences, there were 165 less for hawking without a licence, and 2 more for unlawfully cutting trees, than in 1926.\n\nThe daily average of prisoners confined in the Gaol was 1,189; the average for 1926 being 1,054, and the highest previous average being 1,116 in 1925. The percentage of prisoners to population, according to the daily average of the former and the estimated number of the latter, was 0.136. The average percentage for the last ten years was 0.12. Owing, however, to the large floating population, which is constantly moving between the Colony and Chinese Territory, the percentage of crime to population does not convey an accurate idea of the comparative criminality of the residents of the Colony. The Victoria Gaol has accommodation for 700 prisoners, including patients in Hospital. The Branch Prison at Laichikok has accommodation for 450 prisoners.\n\nThe prison discipline was satisfactory, the average of punishments per prisoner being 0.52, as compared with 0.49 in 1926 and 0.71 in 1925.\n\nPrisoners are employed at printing, book-binding, tinsmithing, mat-making, tailoring, carpentering, soap-making, gardening, etc. Practically all the Government printing and bookbinding are done in Victoria Gaol.\n\nPage 60",
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        "id": 519965,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-518-8 Colonial Development Fund- requests and recommendations for monetary assistance for various projects 30-8-1929 - 28-2-1930",
        "page_number": 5,
        "title": "CO129-518-8 Colonial Development Fund- requests and recommendations for monetary assistance for various projects 30-8-1929 - 28-2-1930",
        "content_text": "## E.E.\n\n5 \n\nenlargement of the Aerodrome. Mr. Eastwood will perhaps advise whether it is worth putting before the Committee. Personally, I should think not.\n\nAs regards the other works mentioned which are not put forward for immediate approval, I do not see how the new gaol, public offices, and school could be brought within the scope of the Fund. The new General Civil Hospital is a measure for promoting public health, and the vehicular ferry is an improvement of internal transport and communications. These two items may, therefore, be worth consideration when details are available.\n\nThe Governor is apparently also thinking of getting the help of the Fund in floating a loan for water works and other public works. He does not give details, but considerable further expenditure on water works has already been authorised, and if it is this he has in mind, I do not think it could be brought within the scope of the Fund for the ready reason always stated. Further work on the development of water supplies is under consideration, and when details are available, it may be possible to invoke the Fund's assistance for this.\n\nCopies of the Colonial Development Act and the Circulars sent out to the Colonies are attached.\n\n(Signed) S. CAINE.\n\n2.9.\n\nThe Committee has not yet had the opportunity to create a body of precedent which would",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-518-8 Colonial Development Fund- requests and recommendations for monetary assistance for various projects 30-8-1929 - 28-2-1930.txt",
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    {
        "id": 524713,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-524-2 Hong Kong University- financial position- Chinese studies- future of the Chinese school and the Annual... 27-1-1930 - 12-8-1930",
        "page_number": 220,
        "title": "CO129-524-2 Hong Kong University- financial position- Chinese studies- future of the Chinese school and the Annual... 27-1-1930 - 12-8-1930",
        "content_text": "246\n\n\"Last year the Council sanctioned two additional posts—a lectureship in Chemistry and lectureship in Physics. These two posts, which were absolutely essential, have been filled by Mr. Hill and Mr. Davies. I want in this connection to make two points clear. The first is that we have, in the last 12 months, added to our staff three important teaching posts, for the Readership in Biology, though it was sanctioned some years ago, has been in abeyance for the last four years. The second is, that in the course of last year the University was able to secure from London for its staff, no less than five good men—Professor Ride, Dr. Herklots, Mr. Hill, Mr. Davies, and Mr. Braine Hartnell. And the pay of our Professors, to say nothing of our Readers and Lecturers, is on a substantially lower scale than that of the Hong Kong Government School masters. The latter are also qualifying for pensions while our men are not.\n\n\"Perhaps some of you noticed as you came here this afternoon two new tennis courts; I begged these off Mr. W. H. Bell of the Asiatic Petroleum Company. We thank the Directors of the Asiatic Petroleum Company.\n\nThe Students.\n\n\"On the 31st December, 1928, there were 309 students on the rolls of the University; of these 160 were in the Medical Faculty, 95 in the Arts and 54 in the Engineering. The total enrolment includes 38 girl undergraduates, 16 in the Medical and 22 in the Arts Faculty. If anyone doubts whether the Chinese of Hong Kong are in earnest about the education not only of their boys but also of their girls, let him motor along the Caine and Bonham Roads at about 4 p.m., when the schools are discharging their victims.\n\n\"Among the many needs of the University is a girls' hostel, and an influential committee, of which Col. Skinner has been kind enough to become the Chairman, has issued an appeal.\n\nFinance.\n\n\"The Balance Sheet for 1928 has not yet been drawn up, but I am not looking forward to it with any misgiving. We are paying our way, but the future is dark and uncertain. The Finance Committee has sounded a note of warning, that unless fresh sources of revenue be discovered, the prospective pecuniary resources of the University will not, in a few years' time, cover its financial commitments. And no University can stand still.\n\n\"When the Legislature of Hong Kong passed the University Ordinance of 1911, it committed itself and the Colony to the establishment of a University for the promotion of Art, Science, and Learning, for the formation of the character of students of all races, nationalities, and creeds, and for the maintenance of good understanding with the neighbouring country of China.\n\nAt the same time the Legislature of Hong Kong proclaimed to the world that the standards of its University would not be below the standards of the Universities in Great Britain.\n\n\"This University has to provide and maintain three large hostels for students and residences for the members of its staff. It has to bring practically all its teachers out from England with wives and families, and to send them back to England every four years also with their wives and families.\n\n\"Mendicancy!\n\n\"A good friend of the University said to me the other day—The University is always passing round the hat. We are getting a little tired of this shameless mendicancy. So am I. (Laughter.) The burden of the University's poverty is the burden which the Legislature of Hong Kong has laid upon us, for we are only trying to carry out the Legislature's expressed wishes? We can hear the burden but let the saddle be light. If we can't have money, at least let us have goodwill.\n\nProblem Of Future Must Be Faced\n\nNo one realises more acutely than I do, the tremendous difficulties which underly the maintenance and effective development of this University. His Excellency the Chancellor has just returned from fighting our cause in London with a tenacity which nothing but the strongest conviction, nay, devotion, could have maintained. If all hope of getting help from the Boxer Indemnity Fund must be finally and irrevocably abandoned, the whole problem of the University's future will have, before long, to be faced here in Hong Kong.\n\nThe Medical School.\n\n\"The Medical School of this University not only involves the employment of a large University staff of teachers, but also a considerable staff of persons whose work is confined to the Government Civil Hospital but who are a charge on the University's funds; it also involves the maintenance and upkeep of laboratories for Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, Physiology, Biology, Biological Chemistry, Pathology, and Pharmacology, to say nothing of the Clinical Departments of Surgery, Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology.\n\n\"But all this, I hear the practical man retaliate, is rhetoric; we are a commercial community and Hong Kong is a place for trade. Show us how your University is going to enhance the prosperity of Hong Kong.\n\n\"My friend, I meekly reply, it occurs to me as strange that the good people of the United States of America should take such a diametrically opposite view. They spend quite a lot of money on education in China. They have recently established a China Institute in America, and among the declared objects of that Institution is the creation of fellowships and scholarships to enable not only Chinese to study in American Colleges and Universities, but also Americans to study in China.\n\n\"They have also recently established and generously endowed the Harvard-Yenching Institute for Chinese studies.\n\n\"John Ruskin died in 1900—a very old man. To the practical man of his generation, John Ruskin was an ineffectual, scolding, sweet-tempered, childish angel. But to John Ruskin it was an intuition that prosperity was not to be measured in terms of money, and in that intuition lay the seeds of the Social Revolution through which we are now passing, and in social and industrial matters we are still stumbling after him.\n\n\"On the 19th November, 1928, exactly 100 years had passed since Franz Peter Schubert died. That day was a world-festival of music. The sweetness of his harmonies was literally floating out of the ether from 'the flood to the world's end.' Schubert had come into his own at last! Yet in his day he went hungry! (Applause.)\n\nPage 220\n\nPage 221",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-524-2 Hong Kong University- financial position- Chinese studies- future of the Chinese school and the Annual... 27-1-1930 - 12-8-1930.txt",
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    {
        "id": 525213,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-525-3 Estimates 1931 and other financial papers 16-1-1930 - 1-9-1932",
        "page_number": 106,
        "title": "CO129-525-3 Estimates 1931 and other financial papers 16-1-1930 - 1-9-1932",
        "content_text": "5472849 \n\n21 \n\n1927 Public Works Department Loan which is due for repayment in 1932, and it is clear that in the course of the coming year the floating of a fresh loan must be contemplated for the repayment of certain sums amounting to some two million dollars already owed to Surplus Balances for loan works and for a start to be made on certain other important works which it is hoped to finance by these means. A new Gaol and a new Government Civil Hospital are such works: the expenditure on Ferries is already included though more discussion of this matter will be necessary before Government can consider expenditure beyond the $1,300,000 required for the piers. I may add that in regard to the Government Civil Hospital and Water schemes it is proposed to apply for some assistance from the Colonial Development Fund.\n\nWhile the gravity of the financial situation as shown by these Estimates is clear to me, I should like to end in a more cheerful strain. The Colony is, as has so often been said, lightly taxed and will still be lightly taxed in 1931 if the proposals now being made are accepted. The dislocation occasioned by the rapid drop of some 8d. in exchange was a disaster. But now that the first shock is over, trade,\n\n103",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-525-3 Estimates 1931 and other financial papers 16-1-1930 - 1-9-1932.txt",
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        "id": 531743,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933",
        "page_number": 235,
        "title": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933",
        "content_text": "275\n\n36\n\nHead 15.-FIRE BRIGADE\n\nHead 15.-FIRE BRIGADE\n\nApproved Estimate, 1931.\n\nEstimate, 1932,\n\nSub-heads:-\n\n1 Personal Emoluments\n\n181,413\n\n205,441\n\nOther Charges\n\n2 Clothing\n\n12,000\n\n10,000\n\n3 Coal and oil fuel\n\n18,000\n\n15,000} (1)\n\n4 Conveyance allowances to :-\n\n1 Superintendent at $480......\n\n1 Inspection Officer and 1 Station Officer, at $360 each\n\n1,200\n\n1,200\n\n5 Hose\n\n10,000\n\n10,000\n\n6 Incidental expenses\n\n1,200\n\n1,200\n\n7 Light and electric fans\n\n6,000\n\n6,000\n\n8 Rent of stations\n\n4,416\n\n3,708\n\n(1)\n\n9 Repairs to motor engines and plant\n\n10,000\n\n10,000\n\n10 Repairs to floating engines\n\n9,000\n\n11,000\n\n11 Stores\n\n7,000\n\n6,000\n\n(1)\n\n12 Transport\n\n50\n\n(3)\n\nSPECIAL EXPENDITURE.\n\n13 1 Drilling Machine\n\n14 Motor General Service Tender\n\n15 30 Pedestal Hydrants\n\n16 Hydrant Valves and Adaptors\n\n17 Dennis Turbine Pump....\n\n900\n\n1,000\n\n(4) (65)\n\n6,000\n\n12,000\n\n(7)\n\n1,466\n\n3,900 (9)\n\n18 Motor Turntable Water tower and fire escape.\n\n60,000 (10)\n\n1 Motor Float\n\n63,100\n\n2 Electric tyre pumps.\n\nBlankets\n\nTotal Fire Brigade\n\n900\n\n1,350\n\n326,479\n\n363,965\n\nPERSONAL EMOLUMENTS.\n\nDetails of the foregoing.\n\nNUMBERS.\n\n1931\n\n11\n\n1\n\n1932\n\nChief Officer...\n\n| (11)\n\nSuperintendent, (£700 to £900 by £25 annually)..\n\n13,500\n\nDo.,\n\nLanguage Allowance\n\n60\n\n18,000 60\n\n(5)\n\n1\n\nConsulting Engineer, at $1,200.....................\n\n1,200\n\n1\n\n1\n\nInspection Officer, (£550 to £600 by £10 annually)........ Assistant Engineer and Station Officer, (£450 to\n\n8,250\n\n£550 by £20 annually).\n\n8,250\n\n1,200\n\n11,192 | (5) (12)\n\n11,000\n\n(5)\n\nDo..\n\nLanguage Allowance.\n\n60\n\n60\n\n1\n\nDo.\n\nStation Officer, (£450 to £550 by £20 annually).\n\nAssistant Station Officers, (3 at £260 to £350 by 5 of\n\n8,250\n\n11,000\n\n(5)\n\nLanguage Allowance\n\n120\n\n120\n\n£10 and 2 of £20 annually\n\n1 at £150-£250 by £50 annually).\n\n19,650\n\n1\n\nI\n\nDo.,\n\nannually)\n\nDo..\n\nLanguage Allowance\n\nCarried forward\n\nLanguage Allowances\n\n300\n\n22,810 240\n\n(5)(12)(13)\n\nMechanical Engineer, (£310 to £350 by £10\n\n5,250\n\n7,150\n\n(5) (12)\n\n120\n\n120\n\n65,010\n\n82,952\n\n(1) Considered sufficient.\n\n(2) One more fire float.\n\n(3) Railway transportation now charged to Departments.\n\n(4) Re-volc.\n\n(5) Lower rate of exchange.\n\n(6) For conveyance of special apparatus.\n\n(7) To replace ball hydrants.\n\n(8) For G. C. H. and Mental Hospital.\n\n(9) To replace No. 5 Fire Engine.\n\n(10) None of present appliances capable of reaching upper\n\nfloors of high buildings.\n\n(11) Under Cadet Service.\n\n(12) Stipulated increments.\n\n(13) One new appointment at lower salary.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933.txt",
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    {
        "id": 534001,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-539-4 Mui Tsai system 28-6-1932 - 28-11-1932",
        "page_number": 19,
        "title": "CO129-539-4 Mui Tsai system 28-6-1932 - 28-11-1932",
        "content_text": "21\n\n6\n\nCHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.\n\n(Tables XXII to XXV).\n\n35. There are nine \"Chinese Public Dispensaries\" situated in the populous centres on both sides of the Harbour, and two Maternity Hospitals (the Tsan Yuk in the West, and the Wanchai Hospital in the East) which are an important part of the Dispensaries Organisation. There is an annual Government grant of $2,000, and the Dispensaries and Hospitals are built on land granted by the Government: further, the Government finds one Medical Officer in charge of Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries, and three Assistant Medical Officers (Ladies) to supervise the medical work. Otherwise, all the eleven institutions are financed by the Chinese Community and are managed by Chinese Committees with the Secretary for Chinese Affairs as Chairman of the General Committee.\n\n36. An enormous and ever-increasing number of sick, too poor to pay for doctor's fees or buy proper medicine, are successfully reached. In the three big hospitals, the patient can choose between Western and Chinese methods of treatment, but here in the Dispensaries, he is treated only by Western methods and with the best drugs procurable bought from the Government Central Medical Stores. Lady doctors treat the gynaecological cases once a week in eight of the Dispensaries.\n\n37. The reconstructed and enlarged Dispensary on Yaumati waterfront, which caters largely for the floating population, was nearing completion at the end of the year, and an entirely new Dispensary at Kowloon City, on a central site granted by Government, is in process of construction. Dispensaries at Shaukiwan, Aberdeen, and Wanchai are also in excellent buildings of their kind. The Central Dispensary has been enlarged. Instruments for small minor operations and tooth forceps are being added to each Dispensary, and each will in time have its own microscope, especially for differentiating the Malarias which form a big percentage of the cases treated.\n\n38. Each Dispensary acts as a focus for Propaganda-breaking down prejudices against \"Foreign\" Medicines and Methods of Treatment.\n\n39. The Dispensaries undertake the removal also of corpses to mortuaries, and they supply coffins.\n\n40. Sick, too serious for outpatient treatment, are removed by the Dispensaries to hospital.\n\n41. For summary of work done in the Dispensaries, see Table XXII.\n\n7\n\nTSAN YUK MATERNITY HOSPITAL.\n\n(Table XXVI).\n\n42. This Hospital is a part of the organisation financed and managed by the Chinese Public Dispensaries Committee. Its proximity to the University has made it a convenient centre for the training of Medical Students in residence, and an arrangement has been made under which the Committee recognises this fact and welcomes the voluntary assistance of the University Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Dr. R. E. Tottenham) who is in effect in direct or supervising charge of all the patients in the Hospital. The arrangement is to mutual advantage: but it may be that the extra cost to the Committee of medicines and supplies, due to the use of the Institution as a training school, will need consideration in the near future. Dr. S. K. Lam is the Chinese Public Dispensary Doctor in residence.\n\n43. There are sixty beds—forty-seven Maternity and thirteen Gynaecology.\n\n  \n    \n    1931\n    1930\n  \n  \n    Admissions\n    1,823\n    1,326\n  \n  \n    Deliveries\n    1,248\n    1,251\n  \n  \n    Still-births\n    46\n    69\n  \n  \n    Maternal Deaths\n    3\n    2\n  \n\n44. The clinical work in the outpatient department is carried on by the staff of the Assistant Visiting Medical Officer, Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries.\n\n45. In addition to ordinary gynaecological cases, there are special clinics for Ante-natal, Infant Welfare, and Venereal Disease.\n\nWANCHAI MATERNITY HOSPITAL.\n\n46. During 1931, this hospital, as the result of the initiative and energy of Messrs. Wong Kwong-tin and Li Jow-san, has been remodelled and enlarged. Consequently, patients, not being able to enter there, went elsewhere, and statistics fell off. The reconstructed Hospital was opened towards the end of the year, and the extra accommodation and improved equipment will be of great benefit to a crowded neighbourhood. Dr. Ho Ko-tsun is in charge.\n\n47. There are twenty-two beds. Eighty-three cases were admitted in the year and delivered. No deaths occurred during 1931.\n\n22",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-539-4 Mui Tsai system 28-6-1932 - 28-11-1932.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 535441,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934",
        "page_number": 33,
        "title": "CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934",
        "content_text": "# COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE ESTIMATED AND ACTUAL\n\n## 16 Heads and Sub-Heads.\n\nBrought forward\n\n## 12. FIRE BRIGADE.\n\n### Sub-heads:-\n\n1 Personal Emoluments\n\n  \n    Estimated.\n    Actual.\n    Increase.\n    Decrease.\n  \n  \n    4,308,297\n    3,577,634.43\n    \n    730,662.57\n  \n  \n    OTHER CHARGES.\n  \n  \n    2 Clothing\n    9,000\n    8,924.17\n    75.83\n  \n  \n    3 Coal and Oil Fuel\n    209,500\n    192,634.52\n    16,865.48\n  \n  \n    4 Conveyance Allowances\n    18,000\n    13,796.30\n    4,203.70\n  \n  \n    5 Hose\n    10,000\n    8,464.95\n    1,535.05\n  \n  \n    6 Incidental Expenses\n    1,200\n    1,276.98\n    \n    76.98\n  \n  \n    7 Light and Electric Fans\n    6,000\n    6,234.35\n    234.35\n    \n  \n  \n    8 Rent of Stations\n    4,488\n    3,708.00\n    \n    780.00\n  \n  \n    9 Repairs to Motor Engines and Plant..\n    12,000\n    13,672.18\n    1,672.18\n    \n  \n  \n    10 Repairs to Floating Engines\n    10,000\n    9,996.62\n    \n    3.38\n  \n  \n    11 Stores\n    7,000\n    6,229.30\n    \n    770.70\n  \n  \n    12 Transport\n    50\n    *0.86\n    \n    49.14\n  \n  \n    SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.\n  \n  \n    13 Motor Fire Cycle with Pump Outfit for Aberdeen\n    6,000\n    4,874.05\n    \n    1,125.95\n  \n  \n    14 Extension Ladder\n    1,225\n    653.81\n    \n    571.19\n  \n  \n    15 Pedestal Hydrants\n    6,000\n    5,968.07\n    \n    31.93\n  \n  \n    16 Automatic Sprinkler System for Government Civil Hospital\n    3,500\n    3,216.29\n    \n    283.71\n  \n  \n    17 Conversion of 49 \"Clincher\" type Wheels to \"Straight Side\"\n    2,000\n    1,960.20\n    \n    39.80\n  \n  \n    18 6 Two Gallon Type Fire Extinguishers\n    330\n    252.05\n    \n    77.95\n  \n  \n    19 Two sets Salvus Breathing Apparatus (Smoke Helmets) and Spares\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    20 Motor Turntable Water Tower and Fire Escape\n    1,300\n    935.18\n    \n    364.82\n  \n  \n    \n    23,877.02\n    23,877.02\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Total Fire Brigade\n    308,793\n    307,896.84\n    25,882.47\n    26,778.63\n  \n  \n    Less Increase\n    \n    \n    25,882.47\n    \n  \n  \n    Savings\n    \n    \n    \n    896.16\n  \n  \n    \n    4,617,090\n    3,885,531.27\n    66,574.38\n    798,133.11\n  \n\nCarried forward",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934.txt",
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    {
        "id": 535647,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934",
        "page_number": 239,
        "title": "CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934",
        "content_text": "Page 269\n\n36\n\n# Head 11.-ROYAL OBSERVATORY\n\nApproved Estimate, 1982.\n\nEstimate, 1938.\n\n# Head 11.-ROYAL OBSERVATORY\n\nSub-heads:\n\nI Personal Emoluments\n\n$\n\nS\n\n77,170\n\nC\n\n63,785\n\n# Head 12.-FIRE BRIGADE\n\nApproved Estimate, 1932.\n\nEstimate, 1933.\n\n# Head 12.-FIRE BRIGADE\n\n$\n\n$\n\n$\n\nSub-heads:-\n\n10 Transport\n\n11 Uniforms\n\nNUMBERS.\n\n1932\n\n1933\n\n1\n\n1\n\nDirector, (£1,000 to £1,200 by £50 annually)\n\n24,000\n\n17,553\n\n1\n\n1\n\n1\n\n1\n\nAssistant Director, (£600 to £900 by £25 annually)\n\nProfessional Assistant, (£500 to £800 by £25 annually)\n\n18,250\n\n16,000\n\n14,143 (4)\n\n8,777\n\n1\n\nLady Assistant and Translator, ($1,200 to $2,400 by $120 annually)...\n\n1\n\n1,150 (5)\n\nJunior Clerical Service :-\n\n1\n\nSpecial Class, ($1,200 to $2,400 by $100 annually)....\n\n2,100 (6)\n\n1\n\nHead Computer ($2,700 to $3,300 by $150 annually)\n\n3,150\n\n3,300\n\n1\n\n1\n\nClass III Telegraphist-computer, ($1,900 to $2,600 by $100 annually)\n\n2,200\n\n2,300\n\n4\n\n6\n\nClass IV Telegraphist-computers, ($1,500 to $1,800 by $100 annually)\n\nOther Charges.\n\n1 Personal Emoluments\n\n205,441\n\n209,500\n\n2 Books and Postage\n\n3 Electric Light and Power\n\n4 Gas....\n\n6 Incidental Expenses\n\n6 Maintenance of instruments and plant\n\nOther Charges.\n\n400\n\n400\n\n700\n\n700\n\n150\n\n150\n\n2 Clothing\n\n160\n\n3 Coal and oil fuel\n\n100\n\n10,000\n\n15,000\n\n(1)\n\n9,000 (1)\n\n18,000\n\n36\n\n(2)\n\n3,400\n\n(2)\n\n4 Conveyance allowances to :-\n\nLaboratory Expenses\n\nMaintenance of Lithographic Plant.....\n\nMaintenance of Time Service\n\n1,800\n\n1 Superintendent at $480\n\n400\n\n1 Inspection Officer and 1 Station Officer, at $360 each\n\n1,200\n\n1,200\n\n100\n\n(2)\n\n5 Hose\n\n10,000\n\n10,000\n\n7 Meteorological Telegrams..............\n\nMaintenance of Magnetographs\n\n8 Printing\n\n9 Subscription towards cost of printing results of International\n\nUpper Air Research\n\n1,200\n\n6 Incidental expenses\n\n1,200\n\n1,200\n\n1,400\n\n1,400\n\n7 Light and electric fans\n\n6,000\n\n6,000\n\n8 Rent of stations\n\n3,708\n\n4,000\n\n4,000\n\n9 Repairs to motor engines and plant.\n\n10,000\n\n4,488 (3)\n\n12,000 (4)\n\n230\n\n171\n\n10 Repairs to floating engines\n\n11,000\n\n10,000\n\n11 Stores\n\n6,000\n\n200\n\n200\n\n(3)\n\n7,000\n\n(4)\n\n8,939\n\n250\n\n250\n\nTotal Other Charges\n\nTotal Royal Observatory\n\nPersonal Emoluments.\n\nDetails of the foregoing.\n\n10,990\n\n10,771\n\n88,160\n\n74,556\n\n12 Transport\n\nTotal Other Charges\n\nSpecial Expenditure.\n\n13 Motor Fire Cycle with Pump Outfit for Aberdeen......................\n\n14 Extension Ladder\n\n15 Pedestal Hydrants......\n\n50\n\n50\n\n74,158\n\n78,938\n\n6,000\n\n1,225\n\n12,000\n\n6,000\n\n16 Automatic Sprinkler System for Government Civil Hospital\n\n3,500\n\n17 Conversion of 49 \"Clincher\" type wheels to \"Straight side\".\n\n2,000\n\n18 6 Two Gallon Type Fire Extinguishers...\n\n330\n\n19 Two sets Salvus Breathing Apparatus (Smoke Helmets) and Spares\n\n1,300\n\n(6)\n\n1 Drilling Machine ..........................\n\n1,000\n\nMotor General Service Tender\n\n6,000\n\nHydrant Valves and Adaptors\n\n1,466\n\nDennis Turbine Pump.....\n\n3,900\n\nMotor Turntable Water tower and fire escape...\n\n60,000\n\nTotal Special Expenditure\n\n84,366\n\n20,355\n\nTotal Fire Brigade\n\n363,965\n\n308,793\n\nby $100 annually)\n\n7,100\n\n10,200\n\n2\n\nClass V Telegraphist-computers, ($1,100 to $1,400 by $100 annually)\n\n2,800\n\nPersonal Emoluments.\n\n1\n\nLithographer\n\n1,440\n\n1,440\n\n1\n\n1\n\nPrinter ($300 to $420 by $24 annually)\n\n420\n\n420\n\nDo.,\n\nRent Allowance\n\n48\n\n48\n\nDetails of the foregoing.\n\nAllowance to Signalman at Lyeeman\n\n30\n\n30\n\nNUMBERS.\n\n1\n\n1\n\nStone-polisher ($192 to $240 by $12 triennially)\n\n192\n\n192\n\n1932, 1933\n\nDo.,\n\nRent Allowance\n\n48\n\nChief Officer..............\n\n48\n\n(6)\n\n1\n\n1\n\nOffice Attendant ($192 to $240 by $12 triennially).\n\n216\n\n222\n\n(7)\n\nDo.,\n\nRent Allowance....\n\n24\n\n24\n\n1\n\n1\n\nWatchman ($156 to $204 by $12 triennially)\n\n180\n\n180\n\nDo., Rent Allowance\n\n24\n\n24\n\n3\n\n3\n\nCoolies, ($16 to $204 by $12 triennially)\n\n526\n\n528\n\n(7)\n\nDo., Rent Allowances at $24 each.\n\n72\n\n72\n\n1\n\n1\n\nEngine Attendant at Au Tau Magnetic Station............. ($384 to $444 by $12 annually)...\n\n126\n\n438\n\nDo.,\n\nRent Allowance\n\n24\n\n24\n\nActing Pay,\n\n572\n\n1\n\n1\n\nSuperintendent, (£700 to £900 by £25 annually).\n\n18,000\n\nDo., Language Allowance\n\n60\n\n15,429\n\n60\n\n(7)\n\n1\n\nConsulting Engineer, at $1,200.\n\n1,200\n\n1,200\n\n1\n\n1\n\nDeputy Superintendent and Inspection Officer, (£550 to £600 by £10 annually)\n\n11,192\n\n9,765 (7)\n\nJunior Clerical Service:-\n\n1\n\n(7)\n\nClass III, ($1,900 to $2,600 by $100 annually)\n\n1,983\n\n1\n\nClass IV, ($1,500 to $1,800 by $100 annually)\n\n1,800\n\n12\n\n(8)\n\nClass VIB, ($480 to $1,050 by 1 of $60, 1 of $160, 3 of $50 and 2 of $100)\n\n(8)\n\n10,658\n\n1\n\n1\n\nTotal Personal Emoluments\n\n77,170\n\n63,785\n\nFourth Officer, (£450 to £550 by £20 annually).\n\n11,000\n\n9,429\n\n1(7)\n\nDo..\n\nLanguage Allowance...\n\n60\n\n60\n\n1\n\nStation Officer, (£450 to £550 by £20 annually).\n\n11,000\n\n9,429\n\n(7)\n\nLanguage Allowance Carried forward\n\n120\n\n120\n\n52,632\n\n59,933\n\n(1) Considered sufficient.\n\n(2) Four subheads now amalgamated to form one new sub-head; net reduction $100.\n\n(3) Higher rate of exchange.\n\n(4) Changes in personnel.\n\n(5) New post.\n\n(6) Previously shown under Junior Clerical Service.\n\n(7) Stipulated increments.\n\n(8) Two promoted from Class V to Class IV.\n\n(9) Acting pay required during 1983.\n\n(1) Considered sufficient.\n\n(2) More motor vehicles.\n\n(3) Rented quarters for one officer.\n\n(4) 1932 provision insufficient.\n\n(8) Replacements.\n\n(6) Duties performed by Inspector General of Police.\n\n(7) Higher rate of exchange.\n\n(8) Previously shown under Junior Clerical Service.\n\nPage 270\n\n37",
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    {
        "id": 538051,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-545-1 Estimates 1934 4-10-1933 - 17-4-1934",
        "page_number": 80,
        "title": "CO129-545-1 Estimates 1934 4-10-1933 - 17-4-1934",
        "content_text": "# Head 12.-FIRE BRIGADE\n\n## Sub-heads:\n\n1. Personal Emoluments\n2. Clothing\n3. Coal and oil fuel\n4. Conveyance allowances\n5. Hose\n6. Incidental expenses\n7. Light and electric fans\n8. Rent of stations\n9. Repairs to motor engines and plant\n10. Repairs to floating engines\n11. Stores\n12. Transport\n\n| Sub-head | Approved Estimate, 1933 | Estimate, 1934 | Notes |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1. Personal Emoluments | 209,500 | 218,198 |  |\n| 2. Clothing | 9,000 | 10,000 | (1) |\n| 3. Coal and oil fuel | 18,000 | 16,000 | (2) |\n| 4. Conveyance allowances | 1,200 | 1,620 | (3) |\n| 5. Hose | 10,000 | 11,000 | (4) |\n| 6. Incidental expenses | 1,200 | 1,200 |  |\n| 7. Light and electric fans | 6,000 | 6,300 |  |\n| 8. Rent of stations | 4,488 | 3,708 |  |\n| 9. Repairs to motor engines and plant | 12,000 | 10,500 | (5) |\n| 10. Repairs to floating engines | 10,000 | 10,000 |  |\n| 11. Stores | 7,000 | 7,000 |  |\n| 12. Transport | 30 | 50 |  |\n| **Total Other Charges** | **78,938** | **77,378** |  |\n\n## Special Expenditure\n\n| Item | Approved Estimate, 1933 | Estimate, 1934 | Notes |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 13. Steel Extension Ladder | ... | 17,500 |  |\n| 14. One Motor Fire Engine | 26,500 | ... | (6) |\n| 15. Two Motor Chassis and Portable Pumps | 12,000 | 6,000 | (7) |\n| 16. Pedestal Hydrants | 6,000 | 6,000 | (8) |\n| Motor Fire Cycle with Pump Outfit for Aberdeen | ... | 1,225 |  |\n| Extension Ladder | ... | 3,500 |  |\n| Automatic Sprinkler System for Government Civil Hospital | ... | 29 |  |\n| Conversion of 49 \"Clincher\" type wheels to \"Straight side | ... | 2,000 |  |\n| Two Gallon Type Fire Extinguishers | ... | 330 |  |\n| Two sets Salvus Breathing Apparatus (Smoke Helmets) and Spares | 1,300 | ... |  |\n| **Total Special Expenditure** | **20,355** | **62,000** |  |\n\n## Total Fire Brigade\n\n|  | Approved Estimate, 1933 | Estimate, 1934 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Total | 308,793 | 357,576 |\n\n## Personal Emoluments\n\n### Details of the foregoing\n\n| Post | 1933 | 1934 | Notes |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Chief Officer | (9) | 1 | 1 |\n| Superintendent, (£700 to £900 by £25 annually) | 15,429 | 14,400 | (10) |\n| Do., Language Allowance | 60 | 60 |  |\n| Consulting Engineer, at $1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 |  |\n| Deputy Superintendent and Inspection Officer, (£550 to £600 by 5 of £10) | 9,765 | 9,274 | (10) |\n| Do., Language Allowance | 60 | 60 |  |\n| Junior Clerical Service: Class III, ($1,900 to $2,600 by $100 annually) | 1,983 | 2,083 | (11) |\n| Class IV, ($1,500 to $1,800 by $100 annually) | 1,800 | 1,800 |  |\n| Class VIA, ($950 to $1,050 by $100 annually) | ... | 1,050 | (12) |\n| Class VIB, ($480 to $1,050 by 1 of $60, 1 of $160, 3 of $50 and 2 of $100) | 10,658 | ... |  |\n| Fourth Officer, (£450 to £550 by £20 annually) | 9,429 | 11,179 | (13) |\n| Do., Language Allowance | 120 | 120 |  |\n| Station Officer, (£450 to £550 by £20 annually) | 8,800 | 8,800 | (10) |\n| Language Allowance | ... | ... |  |\n\n(1) Previous provision insufficient.\n(2) Considered sufficient.\n(3) More travelling on duty.\n(4) More motor fire appliances.\n(5) To replace wooden ladders.\n(6) Replacement of 14 year old machine.\n(7) One to replace trailer fire pump at Un Long and one to replace motor fire cycle at Peak.\n(8) To replace 50 more underground hydrants.\n(9) Duties performed by Inspector General of Police.\n(10) Higher rate of exchange.\n(11) Stipulated increments.\n(12) Promoted from Class VIB.\n(13) One promoted to Class VIA and two new posts for inspection branch.\n\nPage 80\nPage 81",
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    {
        "id": 546357,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-550-6 Rex v. Ng Loi Yuen- request review of trial and exercise of prerogative of mercy... 22-11-1934 - 21-12-1934",
        "page_number": 25,
        "title": "CO129-550-6 Rex v. Ng Loi Yuen- request review of trial and exercise of prerogative of mercy... 22-11-1934 - 21-12-1934",
        "content_text": "257\n\n3\n\n204\n\nAug 1 16.1934\n\nTHE HONG KONG WEEKLY PRESS\n\nHOW MICHAEL PINE WAS RESCUED\n\nBorderers Men Commended In Court\n\nFurther evidence was taken by Mr. E. W. Hamilton at Central Magistracy on Wednesday in the case in which a Chinese named Ng Loi Yuen, \"alias\" Ng Yick Lam, \"alias\" Ng Yick San, aged 28, unemployed is being charged with the murder of Michael Pine and with the attempted murder of Mary Pine, Tony Flood, Fay Bromley and Norman Stone by throwing them all into the Albany Nullah, near the Lower Peak Tramway Station the afternoon of June 22.\n\nMr. J. A. Fraser, Assistant Attorney-General, appeared for the Crown, and the accused was represented by Mr. R.C.H. Lim, instructed by Mr. J. M. Hall of Messrs. Lyson and Hall.\n\nMrs. Lillian Maud Vincent told the Court that on the afternoon in question she was walking up the steps near the sentry box in Murray Path in the company of Mrs. O. M. Thomson when she saw a crowd near No. 3 bridge. She went to the scene and looked down into the nullah towards the tunnel where she saw a sailor's straw hat. She also saw a little boy in the nullah, whom she did not recognise. She then looked upwards and saw another little boy floating on his back. She recognised him as Michael Pine. He had a wound on the right side of the forehead, and appeared to be unconscious. He went on past the bridge and witness's attention was then drawn to a little girl who was following some way behind. She recognised her as Mary Pine. Close behind the girl came a Chinese who was a good way above the bridge. Mary was going down the nullah, screaming and in a sitting position. She and the Chinese both passed under the bridge and then witness fell sick and did not see any more.\n\n\"In Sitting Position\" Later she saw on the other side of the sentry box, that Mary had been rescued. After that she and Mrs. Thomson walked down Murray Path right to the end where the tunnel was. There she saw a Chinese being brought from the tunnel. She recognised him as the man who came down the nullah behind Mary Pine.\n\nContinuing, Mrs. Vincent said that she later saw a boy whom she did not recognise being brought up from the point just below the bridge. She now knew him to be Norman Stone. The Chinese was wearing white upper garment and black lower garment.\n\nCross-examined by Mr. Lim, witness said that the Chinese was in a sitting position, facing down the nullah when she first saw him. She did not notice any wound on his head. Before this incident, she had known Michael Pine and his parents for about three or four months.\n\nMrs. O. M. Thompson who was with the previous witness at the time of the incident, then gave corroborative evidence. She added that when she saw the Chinese she was under the impression that he was trying to save the girl as they were so close together.\n\nSergeant L. F. Gaywood, R.A.O.C., said that on the afternoon in question he was standing outside his bungalow in Murray Barracks when he saw Corporal Giles running past. He did not take much notice then but immediately afterwards his attention was attracted someone looking into the nullah. He went there and saw some people in the water near the mouth of the nullah. Mr. Bowles was then walking up the nullah with a little girl. Witness helped to pull them up. He then got a torch and went inside the tunnel as he heard that a boy was being washed down.\n\nFell Into Water\n\nwas\n\nhe was unconscious, very limp and had a cut on the head.\n\nMichael Rescued\n\nSimilar evidence was also given by Bandsman Glover who added that accused was suffering from the effects of swallowing water and shock. All his muscles were trembling.\n\nThe way in which Michael Pine was rescued was then related by Pte. William O'Kelly who said that as soon as he heard that a boy had been washed down the nullah he ran down the Murray Path to Queen's Road where he met Pte. Sellers. Together they went to the V.R.C. where he saw a boy floating about twenty yards from where he was and about fifty yards from the mouth of the tunnel. He jumped into the water and caught hold of the boy who gave a groan. The boy had a deep gash at the back of the head and a swollen forehead. He later accompanied him to the Government Civil Hospital.\n\nAfter walking a short distance he heard voices and turned in his torch. He found three soldiers and a Chinese there. The soldiers were holding the Chinese who was lying on his back. Witness took hold of his left wrist with the intention of raising it, but the Chinese attempted to bite his hand. He then suggested rolling him over on his stomach, taking a leg and hand each so that he could not bite. The man struggled and at one time managed to get his right hand free.\n\nAs a result, he fell into the water and a struggle ensued but they picked him up again. Eventually the Chinese was taken out of the nullah and was given artificial respiration.\n\nPte. T. McCarthy of the South Wales Borderers testified that he went down into the tunnel with Pte. Simmons, and assisted in taking the Chinese out of the nullah.\n\nPte. A. E. Burgess, who was the first to give artificial respiration to the accused, said that when the man was taken out of the nullah.\n\nHis Worship (to Mr. Fraser): This man and Pte. Sellers acted with commendable promptitude.\n\nMr. Fraser: Yes, and great presence of mind too.\n\nLance Sergeant W. G. Giles told the court that he rescued one of the girls just outside the mouth of the tunnel.\n\nHui Wing Han, a \"N.A.A.F.I.\" boy said that just as he caught hold of one of the girls he was washed away. The girl was later rescued by Mr. Bowles.\n\nThe case was then adjourned until 11.30 this morning.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-550-6 Rex v. Ng Loi Yuen- request review of trial and exercise of prerogative of mercy... 22-11-1934 - 21-12-1934.txt",
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    {
        "id": 546358,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-550-6 Rex v. Ng Loi Yuen- request review of trial and exercise of prerogative of mercy... 22-11-1934 - 21-12-1934",
        "page_number": 26,
        "title": "CO129-550-6 Rex v. Ng Loi Yuen- request review of trial and exercise of prerogative of mercy... 22-11-1934 - 21-12-1934",
        "content_text": "August 9, 1934\n\nCHINA OVERLAND TRADE REPORT\n\nNULLAH OUTRAGE\n\nCHINESE CHARGED\n\nCHARGED WITH MURDER OF MICHAEL PINE\n\nStory Of Dramatic Rescue\n\nThe sensational incident in Albany nullah, opposite the Lower Peak Tramway station on the afternoon of June 22 when five British children were thrown into the nullah, was recalled at Central Magistracy yesterday when a Chinese named Ng Loi Yuen, alias Ng Yik Sang was charged before Mr. E. W. Hamilton with the murder of Michael Pine, aged 8, and the attempted murder of the other children.\n\nA dramatic story of the rescue of the children was related by the Assistant Attorney General, Mr. J. A. Fraser, in his outline of the case, and the medical evidence given by Dr. D. J. Valentine was to the effect that the accused smelled strongly of alcohol on admission to the hospital and that he had endeavoured to escape from the prison ward.\n\nThe children concerned, it will be recalled, were Michael and Mary Pine (twins), Fay Bromley, Tony Flood, and Norman Stone.\n\nHow Accused Was Arrested\n\nMr. J. A. Fraser, Assistant Attorney General, appeared for the Crown, and Mr. R. C. H. Lim, instructed by Mr. J. M. Hall, represented the accused.\n\nOutlining the facts of the case, Mr. Fraser said that on the afternoon of June 22, five children, Michael and Mary Pine, Fay Bromley, Tony Flood, and Norman Stone were playing on the bridge which carried the path below the railway bridge just opposite the Lower Peak Tram station across the nullah called the Albany nullah.\n\nWoo Lai, the gateman of the tram station, saw these children playing and immediately afterwards they were thrown over, one by one, by a Chinese alleged to be the accused. After throwing the last of the children into the nullah, he jumped over himself.\n\nMrs. Fairburn, who was going down past Garrison School, saw the last two children being thrown from the bridge which crossed the nullah a little way down. The children were thrown in between the road and the railway bridge, actually on the west side of the road bridge.\n\nFrom that bridge, one could see another bridge lower down. Mrs. Fairburn was approaching that bridge from the east side and saw this man throw over two children and then jump into the nullah. As the man threw the children, he faced away from Mrs. Fairburn, standing somewhat nearer to the south end.\n\nThe nullah was flowing strongly at the time. There had been a great deal of rain and the nullah was at least over knee-deep in water for grown-up persons. Apparently, by the time Mrs. Fairburn had seen this incident, three children had already disappeared.\n\nThe Rescue\n\nThe evidence was that the children were thrown over. Two of them, Fay Bromley and Tony Flood, were almost immediately rescued by two chair coolies, Ching Kam and Woo Hay, who were called by Mrs. Fairburn. Fay Bromley was handed over to Inspector Andrews of the Peak Tramways. A fitter engaged by the Peak Tramways rescued Tony Flood, who was then just below the bridge and got stuck on the other side, but Fay Bromley remained kneeling on a small step in the nullah there.\n\nThe third bridge was some 150 or 200 yards further down the nullah, opposite St. John's Cathedral. Some workmen employed by a military contractor were at work there. There were altogether six Chinese and a foreman. The foreman was on the bank when he saw a boy carried down the nullah. This boy must have been Norman Stone. The foreman called out to the workmen, one of whom jumped in to rescue the boy. Both of them were washed away, but the workmen stuck together and pulled the boy out of the nullah. The boy was handed over to the foreman, who knew him and took him back to his home.\n\nSEQUEL\n\nMr. Fraser said: Continuing, connecting the two stages, we have Lo Ching, a car cleaner who saw a European boy being carried down. He saw a Chinese and the European boy being swept down the nullah. By this time, there were shouts and people were attracted.\n\nA \"boy\" employed by the N.A.A.F.I. saw a girl, whom we now know to be Mary Pine, being carried down the stream. He jumped into the nullah. At the point where he jumped in, it was about fifteen feet deep. He himself was carried away.\n\nMr. Bowles was attracted by the shouts and he also jumped in a little lower down. He stretched himself across the nullah, making a sort of dam against which the girl could lie and crawl out. It was partially successful because when the girl reached him, there was a momentary check. She was not the only person in the nullah, for Michael Pine also came against this dam, and then the N.A.A.F.I. \"boy.\" So far, all went well. But there was a fourth body, whom we do not know, it must have been the accused. It came up against this dam, and all were swept away. Michael and Mary Pine were swept past Mr. Bowles, who saw Michael swept into the nullah and Mary to the side.\n\nCorporal Giles, of the South Wales Borderers, saw what happened and jumped into the nullah. He saw the N.A.A.F.I. \"boy\" trying to rescue the children and saw the children being swept away. He picked up Mary Pine and handed her over to Mr. Bowles.\n\nThe sentry on duty at the same bridge, Pte. Sellars, saw a Chinese holding on to a boy in the water and passed together into the tunnel. On the other side, Pte. Linton heard the noise and came to the nullah. Pte. Sellars called to Pte. Linton, who rushed down to the Murray Path, got into a rickshaw, and went to the Victoria Recreation Club with the intention of rescuing the boy.\n\nPte. O'Kelly, also of the Borderers, saw Corporal Giles and the others in the nullah. Giles called to him, and he also went to the V.R.C.\n\nMichael O'Kelly saw Pine floating in the water about twenty feet from the wall outside the V.R.C. He rescued him, rendered first aid, and took him to the Government Civil Hospital.\n\nPte. McCarthy and Pte. Simmons, who were in the Barracks at the time, also heard the commotion. They went down the west side of the nullah but met no one at all. They came to the exit where the nullah entered the sea. Someone told them that the boy had been taken out. They returned by the east side of the nullah.\n\nThere are three manholes somewhere about the Naval Yard. The nullah is dark except...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-550-6 Rex v. Ng Loi Yuen- request review of trial and exercise of prerogative of mercy... 22-11-1934 - 21-12-1934.txt",
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    {
        "id": 555335,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938",
        "page_number": 185,
        "title": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938",
        "content_text": "# \n211 \n— \n13 \n\n[3rd witness Fung Kam-shing.] [4th witness Li Mun.] \n\n[3rd witness Fung Kam-shing.] \n\n12 \n\n254. Did you notice the colour of the submarine? Silvery grey in colour.  \n255. Apart from the colour in which the submarine was painted, did you notice anything else about the submarine? The middle of the side of this submarine had an English figure \"7\". \n\n256. Was there any other character besides this number \"7\" on the submarine? That I did not notice. I only saw one figure \"7\". \n\n257. You have told us that there were two guns on this submarine, and about 10 sailors? Yes.  \n258. Did you see any of the sailors do anything with either of these guns? Yes, I saw the sailors working at the guns.  \n259. Fire them? I did not actually see one fired. I saw they were working at moving and turning the gun in different directions.  \n\n260. Chairman: Both guns? The one I saw was at the stern when they were working. I got frightened and went inside the hold.  \n\n261. Mr. Whyatt: When you got inside the hold was your junk struck by any shells which were fired? Yes, the junk was hit and she was about sinking when I came on deck again.  \n\n262. How many times was your junk struck? Twice.  \n263. Whereabouts did the shell strike your junk? I think amidships; because I was inside the hold I cannot say very distinctly where the spot was where the boat was struck.  \n\n264. You have told us that you came up on deck after two shots were fired? When the boat was about to sink I came on deck.  \n265. Then what did you do? I then lowered the sail because the boat was sinking.  \n266. I think you told us that you lowered the sail some time before?  \n\n267. Chairman: You stated you lowered the sail when you heard gunfire? I did not lower the sail when I first heard the gunfire.  \n268. You told us that you lowered it after you came up from the hold when your junk had been struck? Yes.  \n\n269. Mr. Whyatt: When you lowered the mainsail was it still attached to the mainmast? When I came up on to the deck again, the sail was attached to the mainmast and when it was lowered I had to cut it off from the mainmast so that the sail could float.  \n\n270. When you cut the mainsail from the mainmast did you do anything to it before it started to float? After the ropes which fastened the sail on the mainmast had been cut off the male adults went to the mainsail and they all hung on to the sail and the women and children all went to the sampan.  \n271. How many women and children got into the sampan? 8 women and one child. This number included some girls - two married women and two or three girls between 16 and 17 years old and the rest were small children.  \n\n272. How many adults were there on the mainsail? 12 men.  \n273. Did you do anything to the mainsail before it began to float - did you tie up the poles or anything of that sort? Oh, yes, we had to tie the poles of the sail together.  \n274. What was the object of doing that? Because if you don't tie these poles together they may not float so well, but if they are tied together then it would float well and people could sit on it.  \n\n275. Did you see what happened to your father's junk? That junk was hit and it sank.  \n276. You got adrift on the mainsail on the morning of the 22nd - what was the next thing that happened to you? We were still floating the next morning and then at last we were picked up.  \n277. When was it? On the 26th September about noon.  \n278. Who picked you up? We were picked up by Lai Ma-tai's junk.  \n279. Was that everyone on the mainsail - what about the people in the sampan? They were all picked up by Lai Ma-tai's junk.  \n\n280. Where were you taken to by Lai Ma-tai? To Aberdeen.  \n281. What day did you arrive at Aberdeen? I think it was on the 29th September when we arrived at Aberdeen.  \n\n282. Was anyone injured among your crew or the people aboard your junk? Yes, one, Leung Hong was injured.  \n283. Chairman: Of your crew? Yes, one of the crew on the junk.  \n\n284. Mr. Whyatt: Whereabouts was he injured? Both of his feet were injured.  \n285. What happened to him when you got to Aberdeen? He remained on the junk and a report was made at the Police Station at Aberdeen.  \n286. How long was that after you arrived at Aberdeen? Just when we arrived at Aberdeen I made the report.  \n\n287. Do you know what happened to Leung Hong after you made the report - where he went to? He was then removed to the hospital by a motor ambulance. I was told it was the Queen Mary Hospital.  \n\n288. You have told us that when you last saw your father's junk it was sinking? Yes.  \n289. Tell me, have you heard anything of your father since that time? I have heard no more of him.  \n290. You have made inquiries about him? Yes, I inquired from all my relatives and friends about him but I have heard nothing.  \n\n291. Have you heard about any members of the crew? No.  \n292. I think your mother also was on board that junk with your father? Yes.  \n293. Have you heard anything of her? I have heard nothing of her either.  \n\n294. Could you say approximately how many people there were on board your father's junk? About 18.  \n295. Of these how many were children? 5 children.  \n296. How many women? 3 women.  \n\n297. Chairman: Had you any cannon on board your junk? Yes.  \n298. Where did you keep them? I had four cannon on deck.  \n299. Did your father have any? Yes.  \n300. How many? He had four.  \n301. Also on deck? Yes.  \n\n302. Did you fire any of yours at the submarine? No.  \n303. Did any of the other junks fire at the submarine? I did not hear any at all.  \n\n(Witness left the witness box).  \n\n304. Fourth Witness.  \n\nLi Mun, duly declared, states:- \n\n305. Mr. Whyatt: Li Mun, how old are you? I am 60 years old.  \n306. Can you tell us where you were born? I was born in Hong Kong.  \n307. Whereabouts? In Shaukiwan.  \n\n308. You have spent the whole of your life on fishing junks in and about the waters of Hong Kong? Yes.  \n309. I think your father and grandfather were also fishing men? Yes.  \n\n310. In September of this year were you the owner of a fishing junk? Yes.  \n311. What was the number of it? 3407.  \n312. Where was it licensed? Either Shaukiwan or Aberdeen, one of the two places, I don't remember which.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938.txt",
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    {
        "id": 555355,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938",
        "page_number": 205,
        "title": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938",
        "content_text": "# \n## 19th Witness \n### Thomas Gillison Mackay.\n\n52 \n\n## 20th Witness \n### Graham Scudamore Percival Heywood.\n\n1324. Mr. Whyatt: Sergeant Mackay also took photographs of the junk itself, if you would like to have them put in, sir.\n\n1325. Chairman: It is difficult to say at the moment—I don't wish to overload the Report with these photographs—on the other hand it does give an impression of the formidable size of this craft—it might be illuminating.\n\n1326. (Photograph of Junk No. 28 handed to Chairman—`T.G.M.4`)\n\n1327. And you have also taken photographs of the bullet which we have been looking at? Yes.\n\n1328. Unfortunately they are not ready? No.\n\n1329. Will you let us have them as soon as you can? Yes.\n\n1330. Chairman: That is the bullet which was produced by Dr. Court?\n\n1331. Mr. Whyatt: Yes, sir.\n\n1332. Chairman: Taken from the knee of the wife of Ng Ying-kit?\n\n1333. Mr. Whyatt: That is correct, sir. (`Exs. T.G.M. 5` and `T.G.M. 6`)\n\n1334. Chairman: We may hope to get them to-morrow?\n\n1335. Witness: Yes, sir, I hope to let you have them by then.\n\n1336. Chairman: There would be no need for you to bring them yourself, Sergeant Mackay, if you will just let us have them.\n\n(Witness left the witness box.)\n\n1337. Twentieth Witness, Graham Scudamore Percival Heywood, duly sworn, states:\n\n1338. Mr. Whyatt: You are the Assistant Director of the Royal Observatory? Yes.\n\n1339. Is it the practice of the Observatory to compile weather maps daily? Yes, twice daily—morning and afternoon.\n\n1340. And from what data are these maps compiled? Mostly from reports from land stations all over the Far East, and from a certain number of ships' reports received by wireless.\n\n1341. From your experience can you say whether these weather maps are for the most part accurate? They give the situation at the time.\n\n1342. Subsequently you get further information after compiling your maps? Yes.\n\n1343. Do you find more often than not that the subsequent information is corroborative? Yes.\n\n1344. Have you brought with you to-day certain weather maps covering the period from 21st September to 27th September? Yes, I have the originals here.\n\n1345. Do these weather maps show the sort of weather that was prevailing in the vicinity of Chelong lighthouse between those dates? Yes, one can deduce it from these weather maps.\n\n1346. Tell us in general terms what sort of weather was prevailing on 21st to 27th in that part of the world. Moderate east and north-east winds throughout the period, except on the 27th when the wind was a light westerly breeze or varying. Weather was fair and fine, visibility was good and it is unlikely that any strong winds were experienced near Chelong Point during that period.\n\n1347. When you say \"moderate east and north-east winds\"—was that what you said? Yes.\n\n1348. Can you give me some idea what you mean by a moderate wind? A moderate wind is defined as from 13 to 18 miles per hour—nothing exceeding 20 miles—you would not expect anything to exceed 20 miles an hour and be called \"moderate\".\n\n1349. After compiling that weather map did you subsequently receive information from ships as to the weather in that vicinity? We received a number of meteorological logs from ships plying between Hong Kong and coast ports.\n\n53 \n\n## 20th Witness \n### Graham Scudamore Percival Heywood.\n## 21st Witness \n### Fung Chan-ho.\n\n1350. Have you tabulated them? We have them tabulated—all reports corroborate that there were at that time easterly and north-easterly winds, wind not exceeding 18 miles an hour, and the weather in every case was fair or fine except on the morning of the 21st when it was cloudy; after that it was fair or fine throughout the period, according to these ships.\n\n1351. Do these ships' reports tell you what sort of sea there was? \n| Ship | Date | Sea Condition |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Hosang | September 25th | Sea slight |\n| Kaying | ... | ... |\n| ... | September 27th | Sea smooth |\n\n1352. And in the sort of weather you have told us about you would expect to have a slight or smooth sea throughout that period? Yes.\n\n(Witness left the witness box.)\n\n1353. Twenty-first Witness, Fung Chan-ho, duly declared, states:\n\n1354. Mr. Whyatt: How old are you? 36.\n\n1355. What are you by occupation? Fisherman.\n\n1356. And in September of this year were you employed as a fisherman on board Junk No. 1822? Yes.\n\n1357. I think you are a native of Macao? Yes.\n\n1358. Were you on board that junk on 22nd September this year when she was off Chelong lighthouse? Yes.\n\n1359. Was your junk fishing that morning? Yes.\n\n1360. Did you notice anything unusual? I saw in the distance a pair of junks that were hit.\n\n1361. What were they hit by? Guns.\n\n1362. What happened after the guns had hit the first pair of junks? We then lowered all sails.\n\n1363. What happened to your junk? People on board were frightened and went to the hold.\n\n1364. And eventually what happened? A gun shot at us too, and as we were in the hold the junk went down.\n\n1365. What did you people on board do when the junk went down? We came on to the deck and cut off the entanglements which fastened the mainsail to the mast, and then we tied the sails together.\n\n1366. And then what did you do? Then we were floating on the sea.\n\n1367. When you say you were floating do you mean all the people who were on board who went on the raft? Yes. We had in addition a sampan.\n\n1368. Was any member of your crew injured when you were fired at? One was wounded.\n\n1369. What was his name? Leung Hong.\n\n1370. Where was he wounded? His feet were hurt.\n\n1371. Eventually you were rescued by another junk and brought to Aberdeen? Yes.\n\n1372. What happened to Leung Hong when you got back to Aberdeen? A report was made at the Aberdeen Police Station and Leung Hong was removed to the Queen Mary Hospital.\n\n1373. Did you yourself go to Queen Mary Hospital yesterday? Yes, I went there yesterday.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 556867,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-566-2 Medical Department 30-6-1938 - 1-3-1939",
        "page_number": 5,
        "title": "CO129-566-2 Medical Department 30-6-1938 - 1-3-1939",
        "content_text": "both literally \n\nand metaphorically \n\nmemorandum stated that \"more than a year's trial \n\nof the scheme has proved that it cannot possibly be \n\ncarried out fully without the appointment of a senior \n\nHealth Officer or Deputy Director for Health. \n\nD.M.S. has to spend so much time at the desk dealing \n\nwith Urban Council and Sanitary Department Minute \n\npapers that there is little time left for inspection \n\nor for superintending the enforcing of observations \n\nof the various Ordinances relating to Public Health. \n\nThe D.M.S. having his whole time occupied with the \n\nclerical side could not assist in the health work. \n\nSince that memorandum was written funds \n\nhave been provided for a new infectious disease \n\nhospital and for increased hospital accommodation. \n\nThe despatches now received ask for approval of a \n\nmuch needed extension of the Medical Staff and I \n\nthink that a convincing case is made out for this \n\nHong Kong has many health problems \n\nowing to the normal overcrowding of its urban area \n\nand the \"floating\" nature of its population, and \n\nthese problems have been rendered much graver by the \n\nvery large influx of refugees from Canton and South \n\nChina, as a result of Japanese bombing, with the \n\nresult that the population of Hong Kong has increased \n\nby about 250,000. Throughout the summer there has \n\nbeen a high weekly total of deaths from cholera, \n\nsmallpox and other infectious diseases. \n\nnecessity. \n\nNevertheless \n\nI think the case for the increase of staff now \n\nproposed is justified by the normal circumstances of \n\nHong Kong apart from the additional justifications \n\nof the present abnormal situation. \n\nThe despatch at 5 proposes the creation of \n\na",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-566-2 Medical Department 30-6-1938 - 1-3-1939.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 583545,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-597-2 Estimates 1949 1-3-1948 - 14-7-1949",
        "page_number": 241,
        "title": "CO129-597-2 Estimates 1949 1-3-1948 - 14-7-1949",
        "content_text": "## Head 17 - Prisons Department\n\nChief Officers have been increased by one and Principal Officers by six, in order to provide for adequate supervision of the Reformatory, the Remand Prison and the Experimental Borstal Institution which it is proposed to develop during the coming year.\n\nPrisons Hospital staff is being provided for under the Prisons Department and not under the Medical Department Head as in previous years.\n\nThe reduction in the numbers of the Indian Warder staff is reflected in the reduced number of guards and Indian Warders. It has also been possible to effect a reduction in the establishment of the Chinese Warder staff owing to the return to duty of the Indian contingent.\n\nTwo loaders, five assistant loaders and seven trade instructors have been included to provide for the discipline and training of the inmates of the Reformatory and the Experimental Borstal Institution.\n\nThe probation staff have been transferred to the newly established Social Welfare Department.\n\nUnder Sub Head 7 of \"Other Charges\" a sum of $2,000 has been provided to cover the travelling expenses of prisoners to their homes. If prisoners on discharge are released in the city they tend to drift back into a life of crime, and it is considered that this expenditure on returning prisoners, who live outside the urban areas, to their homes will more than justify itself.\n\nThe arrangements for the photographing of prisoners have not been altogether satisfactory and full responsibility will in future rest with the Prisons Department.\n\nThe \"Subsistence of Prisoners\" Sub Head shows an increase of $450,000 owing to the continued rise both in the number of prisoners and in the prices of certain foodstuffs.\n\n## Head 25 - Public Debt\n\n| Estimate 1948/49 | Revised Estimate 1947/48 | Approved Estimate 1947/48 | Actual Expenditure 1946/47 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| $5,512,441 | 1,862,285 | 7,838,148 | 6,071,835 |\n\nThe opportunity has been taken to set out clearly in footnotes to this Head the present position in regard to each of the Colony's loans.\n\nThe actual expenditure for 1946/47 was high as, during that year, the redemption position, which had fallen into arrears during the Japanese occupation, was brought up to date. The difference between the approved estimate for 1947/48 and the revised estimate is due to the fact that when the Estimates were framed the future loan policy had not been decided and the possibility that it might have been necessary to issue loans to the full authorised figure of $150,000,000 was allowed for. Actually, owing to the large floating balances available on the Supplies, Trading & Industry account, it has only been necessary so far to issue bonds to the value of $50,000,000 and, as final approval of the details of the issue was not received until the end of 1947, the first interest payment is not due until July, 1948.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-597-2 Estimates 1949 1-3-1948 - 14-7-1949.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 598376,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-625-8 Hong Kong University- institute of Chinese studies; includes a report on the death of John... 1-2-1950 - 30-4-1950",
        "page_number": 7,
        "title": "CO129-625-8 Hong Kong University- institute of Chinese studies; includes a report on the death of John... 1-2-1950 - 30-4-1950",
        "content_text": "On 16.2.50 the deceased held a lecture for 3rd year Arts in Classroom 'C' of the school building. Pong Tak San (...), by previous arrangement, read all the passages. The class was dismissed at 11.35 hours. The deceased was then collecting his books in the classroom.\n\nMr. Ho Kuang Chung (...) had a tutorial class of 3 females from 09.30 hours. At 10.00 hours, the class, accompanied by Mr. Ho, left the Chinese Hall and went to the library to further study until 10.45 hours when the class was dismissed. Mr. Ho continued to study in the library until 11.15 hours when he again returned to the Chinese School at about 11.30 hours. On ascending the stairs to his rooms on the 2nd floor, he noticed the door of the deceased's office on the 1st floor ajar.\n\nAt about 11.45 hours, on descending the stairs, the deceased's door was still ajar. Thinking the deceased was in his office, he \"peered into it\", but as far as he could see, there was no one in the room, but he \"did notice a chair on the tutorial table\". Mr. Ho then left the school. (It is significant that the chair should be so placed under a hook for suspending a ceiling fan. The distance from the table top to the hook is roughly 9 feet. The distance from the chair top to the hook is approximately 7 feet). It is possible to open the door and peer into the room in the direction of the deceased's desk and yet not see a person standing on the right of the door. (Possibly, the deceased had been disturbed by Mr. Ho in his intentions and secluded himself at the cabinets to the right of the door and had not been seen).\n\nYeung Chi Ching (...), office boy of the H.K.U. Chinese School, is also the coolie who cleans the various offices and classrooms. At 10.00 hours daily, he visits the Main Hall to collect mail for the Chinese School lecturers. On 16.2.50, as was his custom, he went to the Main Hall and collected mail. There were two letters for the deceased and one for Mrs. Rideout. These he did not take as Mrs. Rideout occasionally collected mail herself. On returning to the Chinese School, Yeung Chi Ching (...) met the deceased walking in the opposite direction. Yeung Chi Ching (...) delivered his mail, then returned to the main hall and collected those for the deceased and his wife, returned to the Chinese School, and placed the correspondence on the deceased's office table.\n\nThe deceased returned to the school and commenced his lecture in room 'C' at 11.45 hours. From 11.35 hours, Yeung Chi Ching (...) was present in his room on the ground floor, almost directly below the office occupied by the deceased; he heard a person walking up and down the office above. This movement stopped about 11.50 hours, and the deceased was observed by Yeung Chi Ching (...) to leave the school and proceed down the pathway to Bonham Road near Babington Path. The deceased was not carrying his canvas bag.\n\nAt about 12.00 hours on 16.2.50, Mok Sau Lin (...), 2nd year Arts student, accepted a lift home to 124 Pokfulum Road by a classmate, Wong Fook Wing (...). Whilst proceeding along Pokfulum Road and near Wing Pit Ting, Mok Sau Lin observed the deceased walking in the same direction on the right-hand side of the road. Mok Sau Lin (...) drew Wong Fook Wing's (...) attention to the deceased's presence. The two students continued to 124 Pokfulum Road (just beyond Queen Mary Hospital), where Wong Fook Wing remained for about 20 minutes, then returned to her residence again by Pokfulum Road. On the return journey, she did not see the deceased.\n\nA report was made to Upper Level Police Station at 21.00 hours on 16.2.50 by Mr. Mellor (...), Registrar, H.K.U. Enquiries commenced. The locality in which the deceased was last seen was extensively searched. Circulars with the photographs of the deceased were circulated throughout the South and Western Areas of the Colony, including Marine Division. On 21.2.50, the services of a Police Dog were requisitioned to no avail. On 25.2.50, a unit from the Commandos combed Mount Davies, Victoria Road Area, without result.\n\nAt 07.00 hours on 28.2.50, C/M Kwan Cheung (...), watchman of the Wah Kee Leather Factory, Tsui Long Bay, Lantau, saw what appeared to be a body floating on the water offshore. This object drifted ashore, where he observed it was the body of a European male. At 11.00 hours, Kwan Cheung (...) reported at Cheung Chau. Police proceeded to the scene, and at 16.00 hours, the body was removed to Victoria Public Mortuary. The body was in decomposition but was identifiable by two labels bearing J.K. Rideout on the trouser waist.\n\nThe ...",
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