[ { "id": 412332, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 92, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "(This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.)\n\n## C. O.\n### CHINA TRADE.\n33136\n[August 28.]\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\nRECEIVED 16 SEP 07\n\n## SECTION 1,\n[27251]\n\n### No. 1.\n\nSir,\n\n**Foreign Office to Board of Trade.**\n\nForeign Office, August 28, 1907. I laid before Secretary Sir E. Grey your letter of the 13th instant, relative to the alleged discrimination in railway rates on the South Manchurian Railway, whereby Talien is favoured at the expense of Newchwang.\n\nI am directed to call the attention of the Board of Trade to the remarks of Baron Goto, President of the South Manchurian Railway, as reported in Inclosure No. 2 of Sir J. Jordan's despatch No. 274 of the 10th June last, a copy of which was forwarded to you on the 9th instant.\n\nBaron Goto is therein reported to have said \"it has been decided to adjust the rates as between, say, Yingkow and Mukden, and Dairen and Mukden to equality on a fair basis proportionate to the mileage, so that Yingkow will not be prejudiced.\"\n\nThese words, if correctly reported, would seem to indicate that a satisfactory arrangement as regards railway rates may be arrived at. The exact meaning of the words underlined above is, however, open to doubt. They would appear to mean that the same freight charges per mile will be made on the line from Dalny to Mukden as are made on the line from Newchwang to Mukden. If this is indeed the case, the desire of the China Association, as expressed in their letter of the 25th June last, would appear to be already met.\n\nIf, on the other hand, Baron Goto intended it to be understood that Dalny and Newchwang would be put on an equal footing merely as regards the total charge on freight to Mukden, and not as regards the mileage rate, the objection of the China Association may be well-founded as regards goods consigned to places beyond Mukden.\n\nIn the circumstances, a request will be addressed to His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokio to ascertain exactly what is intended by the Japanese authorities in the matter. Sir C. MacDonald will at the same time be authorized, at his discretion, to express to the Japanese Government the hope that the total rates from Dairen to Mukden and elsewhere in Manchuria will be so arranged that Newchwang will be placed on an equal footing with that port.\n\nI am, &c. (Signed) **F. A. CAMPBELL.**\n\n_Printed in italics._\n\n[2623 ee] \n-11 \n39", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412338, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 98, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## No. 1. \nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.—(Received July 15,)\n\n### SECTION 4.\n(No. 265. Confidential.)\n\nPeking, May 30, 1907.\n\nSir,\n\nREFERRING to my telegram No. 93 of the 27th instant, I have the honour to inclose copies of two Agreements respecting the establishment of a custom-house at Dalny, which are to be signed here in the course of the next few days, between the Japanese Minister and the Inspector-General of Customs.\n\nThese Agreements are identical in their main terms with the Kiao-chau Customs Arrangement of the 17th April, 1899, and the Kiao-chau Inland Waters Steam Navigation Agreement of the 7th April, 1904, but there are a few important differences.\n\nThe Kiao-chau Arrangement of 1899 contained a stipulation that the Maritime Customs were to levy on opium brought into Tsingtao the same duty and li-kin as were levied on opium at the Treaty ports, and that the portion of such duty and li-kin as was collected on opium entering into consumption in the German territory should be paid over to the German Government.\n\nThe Agreement for Dalny contains no corresponding provision.\n\nUnder the 1899 Kiao-chau Agreement the Maritime Customs were intrusted with the collection of duties, taxes, and li-kin on junks coming to Tsingtao or other places in the Bay of Kiao-chau, and on all cargo brought in them.\n\nThis is also omitted from the Dalny Customs Arrangement (Annex (A)).\n\nIn Annex (B), which relates to inland waters steam navigation, the first five clauses are practically a reproduction, mutatis mutandis, of the Kiao-chau Agreement of 1904; but the sixth clause, relating to the transmission of Chinese mails, is considerably different, and the seventh is entirely new.\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\n## Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n### Agreement respecting the Establishment of a Maritime Customs Office at Dairen, signed at Peking.\n(Annex (A))\n\n1. The Commissioner or the Chief of the Maritime Customs Office at Dairen is to be of Japanese nationality. The Inspector-General of Customs will come to an understanding with the Japanese Legation at Peking in case of appointing a new Commissioner.\n\n2. The members of the foreign staff of the Maritime Customs Office at Dairen shall, as a rule, be of Japanese nationality. In case, however, of a suddenly occurring vacancy, or of temporary requirements of the service, members of other nationalities may be provisionally sent to Dairen.\n\n3. The Inspector-General of Maritime Customs will inform the Governor-General of Japanese leased territory beforehand about any change in the Commissioner of Customs at Dairen.\n\n4. All correspondence between the Customs Office at Dairen and the Japanese authorities and Japanese merchants shall be conducted in the Japanese language. Should, however, merchants of other nationalities come to reside at Dairen, they shall be at liberty to correspond in the English language; correspondence in Chinese shall be likewise permitted.\n\n## Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\nMr. Kinder to Sir J. Jordan.\n\n### Imperial Railways of North China, Engineer-in-Chief's Office, Tongshan, June 23, 1907.\n\nYOURS of the 20th duly to hand, and I wired you this morning that I have full control of extension as far as east bank of the Liao Ho. The Japanese played the game, and we have had no trouble with them. Our relations are most friendly. Nominally I have nothing to do with the line between Liao Ho and Mukden, but I have put in a Japanese engineer who has been with us for four years, and he does whatever I want, and has the title of Chief Engineer of \"Liao Ho and Mukden Extension.” The British and Chinese Corporation have absolutely no cause to consider any of the bondholders' rights are infringed. (In case we cannot pay for the works needed west of east bank of river, we shall of course borrow money from them, but as it is only 100,000 or so, we shall be able to provide it out of the revenue.)\n\nAs regards funds for the Mukden side, we must obtain half from the Japanese in accordance with Agreement, so as to give them the same claim on that part of the line as the English have over the western division. I see no objection to this, as their supervision is merely nominal and will not affect in any way the actual working of the railway in question.\n\nI shall be much obliged if you will let the Japanese Minister know how well we were treated at Dalny and Port Arthur, and how much I appreciate it. Baron Goto has got together a very able staff, and the South Manchurian Railway is going to be a very great success.\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government\n\n## No. 2.\n\n### Extract.\n\nPeking, ...\n\nSir,\n\nThe Chief Engineer is to be Japanese. Mr. Bland considers, and the Corporation agree with him, that these provisions conflict with paragraph 2 of clause 3 of the Loan Agreement of the 10th October, 1898, and with Article 5 of the Agreement (B) of the 29th April, 1902, and they insist that the bondholders' and their own rights are infringed. The former thinks that it should be clearly understood that the Chinese Railway Administration extends to the Liao River, and that the Japanese control is limited to the east of that river.\n\nThe Foreign Office have instructed me to consult you on the matter in case you might be able to suggest some compromise which will effectively safeguard the Corporation's interests.\n\nI should feel very greatly obliged if you would be kind enough to furnish me with your views. I see from the newspapers that you have been to Mukden and taken over the Hsin Min Tun line on behalf of the Administration. Perhaps this may mean that the provisions of the Japanese Agreement referred to above are to remain more or less a dead letter, as the Japanese Minister hinted at the time. I should be most grateful for information that you may be able and willing to give me, and I am ready to see you at any time if you would prefer to come up and talk over the matter with me.\n\nYours sincerely,\n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\n33223 Wt. 95 REC. \nAFFAIRS OF CHINA. \n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n[23397] \n`[ely 17. SEP 07]` \n`[2570 p-4]`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412339, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 99, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## 2 \n\n5. On merchandise brought by sea to Dairen no import duty shall be levied. Import duty according to existing Treaties shall be levied by the Maritime Customs Office on all merchandise or products passing the frontier of the Japanese leased territory into the interior of China.\n\nThe Japanese authorities agree to take suitable measures to assist as far as it is possible in the prevention of merchandise passing the frontier of the Japanese leased territory when not provided with a permit or pass by the Maritime Customs Office.\n\n6. When Chinese merchandise or products brought from the interior of China into the Japanese leased territory are shipped from Dairen to other places, they will pay the export duty according to existing Treaties. Produce raised in, and merchandise manufactured from produce raised in or imported by sea into the Japanese leased territory shall pay no export duty. The duty to be paid by articles manufactured in the Japanese leased territory from materials brought there from the interior of China shall be the same as those paid in the leased territory of Kiao-chau.\n\n7. Chinese merchandise or products brought from Chinese Treaty ports to Dairen shall pay no duty as long as they remain inside Japanese leased territory; but if these Chinese merchandise or products pass the Japanese frontier into the interior of China, they shall pay according to existing Treaties.\n\n8. Chinese merchandise shipped from Dairen, and having paid accordingly export duty, shall be provided with a receipt, on the producing of which it shall pay, on being landed at a Chinese Treaty port, a coast trade duty according to existing Treaties.\n\n9. For Japanese and other non-Chinese merchandise on being shipped to Dairen from a Chinese Treaty port the import duty paid at the latter port shall be refunded by drawback according to Article XXVI of the German-Chinese Treaty of 1861. On being imported to Dairen such merchandise shall pay no duty, as long as it does not pass the Japanese frontier into the interior of China. On being re-exported from Dairen to other places outside China, such merchandise shall pay no export duty.\n\n10. Chinese merchandise or products having been shipped from a Chinese Treaty port to Dairen and reshipped from there to places outside China, shall on this occasion pay no export duty, in case the documentary evidence is produced of their having paid export duty at the Treaty port from which they came.\n\n11. The Maritime Customs Office at Dairen shall take no part in the collection or administration of tonnage dues, lighthouse dues, or port dues.\n\n12. The Customs Tariff in vigour in the Chinese Treaty ports shall be applied likewise by the Maritime Customs Office at Dairen.\n\n13. The Government of Dairen agrees to set apart, for the Maritime Customs Office, sufficient space at Dairen for building offices, lodgings for the staff, with suitable rooms, for garden, stables, and servants' quarters. The amount to be paid for the sale or lease of such ground is to be settled locally by mutual agreement.\n\n14. The Chief of the Customs Office and the members of the staff shall be free from all obligation to act as jurors or assessors or from any other personal services.\n\n15. The aforesaid Maritime Customs Office at Dairen shall be charged likewise exclusively with the granting and issuing of transit passes for merchandise going into the interior of China, as well as for merchandise coming from the interior of China to Dairen; and this office will be charged as well with all and every function, right, or capacity appertaining in the Treaty ports to the so-called Chinese Customs Taotai.\n\n16. For the transit passes mentioned in Article 15 the duty according to existing Treaties i.e., half of the amount of the export or import duty--shall be collected by the Maritime Customs Office at Dairen.\n\n17. The procedure to be observed in case of frauds or contraventions committed by merchants against the Maritime Customs rules shall be settled hereafter by a separate agreement; but it is understood in principle that all judicial procedure rests with the Japanese Tribunals at Dairen.\n\n18. In view of the possibility that with the development of commercial activity at Dairen new requirements may arise which are not to be foreseen, it is understood that the present Agreement bears a provisional character; that both parties to it agree to introduce amendments as soon as required for the purpose of remedying inconveniences which may arise in the practical execution of this Agreement.\n\n## 3 \n\n### Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\n**Agreement respecting the Establishment of a Maritime Customs Office at Dairen, (Annex B.) Inland Waters Steam Navigation.**\n\n1. The Dairen Customs, having been formally authorized to function in Dairen, are now empowered to issue steam navigation certificates. Steamers thus permitted to ply on the inland waters are to be guided generally by the rules and regulations of July and September 1898, and the additional rules of September 1902 and October 1903, but more especially by the regulations herebelow set forth.\n\n2. Steamers about to ply in the inland waters are required to deposit their national papers, foreign or native, with the Customs, and will receive in exchange, on written application, the inland waters certificate. Such certificates are valid for one year, and a fee of 10 taels is payable on first issue and 2 taels for each annual renewal. Tonnage dues are payable once every four months.\n\n3. Such certificated steamers may ply either (a) freely in the Dairen waters, or (b) according to regulations (1) from Dairen to a place or places inland and back; and (2) from Dairen to a place inland, thence to a Treaty port, thence to a place inland, and thence back to Dairen. On making due report to the local customs or tax office, and paying local dues or duties, they may land or ship cargo or passengers at any recognized places of trade passed in the voyage, but they may not ply between inland places exclusively without special authority. If visiting another Treaty port on any such inland voyage, the customs at such port are to be duly reported to, and all port regulations, national and native, complied with.\n\n4. Whenever certificated steamers quit or return to Dairen, they are to clear from and report to the Dairen Customs, handing in outward and inward manifests of cargo, reporting places to be called at or called at, and paying the prescribed duties. Opium and contraband goods are not to be carried inwards or outwards; if carried, the goods are confiscable, and the vessel subject to a fine of 500 dollars, a second offence entailing withdrawal of inland waters certificate and privileges.\n\n5. The Colonial Government will assist the Dairen Customs to suppress smuggling, more especially the smuggling of opium and contraband.\n\n6. The transmission of Chinese closed mails between Dairen and inland ports shall be free of charge, and the postal administration concerned will arrange a fitting procedure for the transmission of such closed mails through the Japanese leased territory from and to Chinese post-offices outside that territory.\n\n7. The application of the inland waters steam navigation understanding will be restricted to steamers which ply on inland waters not inside the area of the Japanese leased territory.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412429, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 189, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "**AFFAIRS OF CHINA**\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[29140]\nNo. 1.\n166\nAugust 31.\n\n## SECTION 1\n\n(No. 162.)\nSir,\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received August 31.)\n\nTokió, July 22, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch from His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen inclosing a translation of the Provisional Customs Regulations in force in the Kwangtung Province.\n\nIt will be observed that the sudden enforcement of the tariff has caused some inconvenience to merchants, but, in view of the fact that this enforcement is largely due to the action of His Majesty's Government and this Embassy, I have instructed Mr. Parlett that it is undesirable for him to take any action to assist merchants to escape from its effects, should he be requested to do so.\n\nMr. Parlett has forwarded a copy of his despatch to His Majesty's Minister at Peking.\n\nI have, &c.\n(Signed) **CLAUDE M. MACDONALD**\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1\n\n(No. 27.)\nSir,\n\nVice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, July 5, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to forward herewith a translation, made in this Office, of the Provisional Customs Regulations in force in the leased territory of the Kwangtung Province. In addition, I inclose the Japanese text—which is to be regarded in case of dispute as the correct one—together with the English version used by the Customs. The last is really not a translation at all, but the original draft drawn up by Mr. Kurosawa, the Commissioner of Customs at Dairen, and it is on this that the Japanese text is based.\n\nAs will be seen from the translation made in this Office, there are certain differences between the Japanese text and the Customs version; but they are not of cardinal importance, as far as I can gather; while the brevity and conciseness of the Customs version make it to foreign merchants, not only more useful, but more intelligible, than the translation made by me.\n\nMr. Kurosawa told me yesterday that he had received loyal support both from the Japanese authorities and from the Manchurian Railway Company. The latter gave him every facility in procuring examination sheds, &c., at the wharves and office accommodation at the railway station itself; in fact, had it not been for the assistance so cordially extended to him by the Government and the railway, he very much doubted whether the opening of the Customs on the 1st July would have been more than a mere opening in name.\n\nA certain amount of not entirely unreasonable dissatisfaction seems to have been caused by neither Government giving notice of the enforcement of the Customs tariff sufficiently long in advance to permit of merchants in the port getting rid of stock already on hand. The loudest outcry comes, however, not from the small merchants, who, so Mr. Kurosawa says, pay their dues without complaint, but from the bigger and wealthier firms, like the `Mitsui Bussan Kwaisha`, and others.\n\nI have, &c.\n(Signed) **HAROLD G. PARLETT**\n\n[2621 hh-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412430, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 190, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "# Proclamation No. 38\n## Provisional Customs Regulations for the Leased Territory of the Kwangtung Provinces\n\nTHE following are the Provisional Customs Regulations for the leased territory of the Kwangtung Provinces.\n\nThis Decree shall be enforced from the 1st July (July 1907).\n\nJune 26 (Meiji 40), 1907.\n\n(Signed)\n\n**OSHIMA YOSHIMASA, Governor-General of Kwangtung**\n\n## Provisional Customs Regulations of the Leased Territory of the Kwantung Province\n\n(Vice-Consulate Translation.)\n\n1. Foreign goods imported from abroad, or goods manufactured therefrom, shall pay import duty if destined for the interior. Foreign goods imported from a Treaty port in China shall, when unaccompanied by a certificate to the effect that duty has already been paid, pay import duty if destined for the interior. Foreign goods imported from a Treaty port in China shall, if consumed within the leased territory or re-exported therefrom, be entitled, on application at the locality where duty was paid, to the refund of such duty.\n\nN.B.-This, however, shall only apply in cases where the said goods are accompanied by a certificate, issued by the Customs at the port from which they have been dispatched, to the effect that duty has been paid.\n\n2. Chinese goods imported from a Treaty port in China, and accompanied by a certificate to the effect that duty has been paid on them, shall, if destined for the interior, pay coast-trade duty.\n\n3. When Chinese goods, accompanied by a certificate to the effect that duty has been paid, are imported from a Treaty port in China, they shall deposit with the Customs a sum of money equivalent to the amount of import duty. Should any unlawful action be committed in connection with the above clause, both the goods in question and the money deposited shall be liable to confiscation.\n\n4. Chinese goods which have been imported by road into the leased territory shall, if destined for export, pay export duty.\n\n5. Products of the leased territory, and goods manufactured therefrom, or from materials imported from foreign countries, shall not, if destined for export, pay export duty.\n\n[N.B. This, however, only applies in the case of articles accompanied by a certificate of origin issued by the Japanese authorities.]\n\n6. Goods manufactured from materials imported from the interior, or by sea from a port in China, shall, if destined for export, pay export duty either on the materials or on the goods manufactured, but the option shall rest with the exporter.\n\n7. Foreign goods which have paid import duty at a Treaty port in China, or Chinese goods which have already paid export duty, shall not be liable to pay export duty when destined for re-export from Dairen.\n\n8. Goods coming down from the interior destined for export, or goods destined for dispatch into the interior, shall, in addition to export and import duty respectively, in accordance with the Regulations governing the transit of goods in the interior, pay transit dues.\n\n9. If it is desired to import opium into the leased territory, either by sea or by land, notice to that effect shall immediately be made to the Customs.\n\n10. If it is desired to import opium into the interior, both import duty and li-kin shall be paid.\n\n[N.B.-This does not, however, apply in the case of foreign or Chinese opium accompanied by a certificate to the effect that duty has been paid, or to which Hu-pu labels are affixed.]\n\n11. Goods destined for the interior must, quite apart from the question of customs duties, be declared to the Customs, and be labelled with the Customs' label, and stamped with the Customs' stamp.\n\n12. If it is desired to import Chinese opium from the interior or from a Treaty port in China, it shall, if unaccompanied by a certificate to the effect that duty has been paid, pay \"tung-shui.\" The same applies to imported opium not bearing the Hu-pu label.\n\n13. If it is desired to import arms, ammunition, explosives, or the materials used in the manufacture of the same, it shall not be lawful to discharge or land them until after permission to that effect has been obtained from the Customs.\n\n14. Arms, ammunition, explosives, and the materials used in the manufacture of the same, may not be transported into the interior or exported to ports of China unless they are accompanied by \"Huchou\" issued by the Chinese authorities.\n\n15. The two articles preceding do not apply in the case of arms, ammunition, &c., for the use of the Japanese naval or military forces, or for the police.\n\n16. If a ship enters port the master or his representative shall, without delay, produce to the Customs the ship's papers, or the Consulate certificate of entrance, together with an import manifest of the ship's cargo. The cargo manifest shall contain the name of the ship, her nationality, the place of shipment of the goods, the place of destination of the goods, the number of cases with their marks and numbers, their weight, their weight in tons, and the name of the consignee or consignees, and the said manifest shall be signed by the master of the ship or his representative.\n\nWhen cargo on a ship is destined for the interior, and is of quantity and weight sufficient to permit of its being dealt with independently, the master or his representative shall prepare separate manifests, distinguishing between goods destined for the interior and those destined for the leased territory. It shall be permissible to make alterations or additions to the said manifest only within a period of twenty-four hours from the time of the production of the said manifest (at the Customs).\n\n17. The consignee of goods imported shall, regardless of whether they are destined for the interior or for the leased territory, produce to the Customs a notice containing the name of the ship, her nationality, the place or places where the goods were purchased, their place of origin or manufacture, their marks and numbers, the denomination of the goods, the number of cases, with their weight, quantity, and value.\n\n18. If a ship wishes to clear, the master or his representative shall draw up an export manifest of the cargo, and produce the same to the Customs at least two hours before applying for permission to clear. The details to be entered in the said export manifest of cargo shall be the same as in the case of the import manifest, and the export manifest shall be signed by the master of the ship or his representative.\n\n19. Any person wishing to export shall produce to the Customs an export application and submit his goods to examination. When the examination of the goods is concluded the applicant shall pay into a bank specified by the Customs the amount of duty entered in the duty memorandum issued by the Customs, and produce to the Customs a receipt for the said payment, whereupon a shipping permit will be issued to him.\n\n20. The clearance certificate shall not be issued until after all dues and duties have been paid.\n\n21. If goods for which a shipping permit has been granted cannot be put on board, notice to this effect must be given to the Customs, without delay, when a \"shut-out memorandum\" will be granted.\n\n22. If it is desired to transfer goods loaded on one ship to another, permission to do so shall be obtained from the Customs, and if the said transfer takes place without permission having been received, the goods in question shall be confiscated, and the master of the ship subjected to a fine.\n\n23. The following is the Tariff applicable by the Customs:-\n\n| Tariff Type | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | For goods imported from foreign countries, the Revised Import Tariff for 1902. |\n| (2) | For Chinese goods imported or exported, the old (General) Chinese Tariff. |\n\n24. Should any person appeal against the action of the Commissioner of Customs in the matter of fines or confiscation, the procedure followed shall be in accordance with ... \n\nPage 137 \nPage 8 \n[2621 hh-1] \nB 2", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412431, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 191, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## Provisional Customs Regulations for the Leased Territory of Kwangtung\n\n**(Customs Version)**\n\n1. Foreign goods imported to Dairen from a foreign country, or goods manufactured therefrom, must pay import duty if sent to the interior.\n\nForeign goods imported from a Chinese Treaty Port unaccompanied by duty-paid certificate must pay import duty if sent to the interior.\n\nForeign goods imported from a Chinese Treaty Port, if consumed in the leased territory, or re-exported from the leased territory, and when they are accompanied by duty-paid certificate, are entitled to drawback at the port of duty payment.\n\n2. Native produce coming from a Chinese Treaty Port, accompanied by duty-paid certificate, must pay coast trade duty if sent to the interior.\n\n3. Native produce imported from a Chinese port unaccompanied by duty-paid certificate must pay full import duty on deposit, pending inquiry with the custom-house of the port concerned, and are liable to confiscation, together with the deposit, if found with unlawful intentions.\n\n4. Native produce brought down to the leased territory from the interior, whether by railway or carts or by some other conveyance, must pay tariff duty if exported.\n\n5. Produce raised in the leased territory, and goods manufactured therefrom or from the materials imported from a foreign country, shall not pay export duty, but they must be accompanied by certificate of origin issued by Japanese authorities.\n\n6. Goods manufactured from the materials brought from the interior or from a Chinese port shall pay export duty on shipment to a foreign country or to a Chinese port, but it is optional with the shipper whether duty to be paid should be on the material or on the manufactured article.\n\n7. Foreign goods shipped to Dairen from a Chinese Treaty Port, where import duty had been paid, shall pay no export duty if re-exported to a foreign country.\n\nNative goods imported to Dairen from a Chinese Treaty port where import duty had been paid shall pay no duty, if reshipped to a foreign country.\n\n8. Foreign goods imported to Dairen, if sent to the interior under transit pass, must pay transit dues, in addition to import duty.\n\nNative products brought down from the interior under transit pass must pay transit dues, in addition to export duty upon exportation to a foreign country.\n\n9. Opium coming to the leased territory, whether by land or by sea, in chests or in packages, must be reported to the Customs immediately upon arrival.\n\n10. Opium going to the interior must pay import duty and li-kin. But this does not apply to foreign or native opium imported from a Chinese Treaty port accompanied by duty-paid certificate or with Hu-pu labels on.\n\n11. All opium going to the interior must be declared to the Customs and labelled and stamped.\n\n12. Native opium coming from a Chinese Treaty port, unaccompanied by duty-paid certificate, or not bearing Hu-pu labels, will be charged with \"tung-shui.\"\n\nSimilarly, native opium coming from the interior, unaccompanied by any documents issued by Customs authorities in duty-paid proof, or not bearing Hu-pu labels, will be charged with \"tung-shui.”\n\n13. Arms, ammunition, explosives, and the materials used in the manufacture of the same, imported by merchant vessels, must be reported to the Customs immediately upon arrival, with all necessary particulars, and cannot be discharged or landed until a special permit has been issued by the Customs.\n\n14. The exportation of arms, ammunition, explosives, and the materials used in the manufacture of the same, into the interior, as well as to a Chinese Treaty port is prohibited, unless they are accompanied by “hu-chao\" issued by Chinese authorities.\n\n15. The above two Rules do not apply to arms and ammunition for use of the Imperial Japanese army and navy and police force.\n\n16. The ship's paper or Consul report and import manifest must be handed in to the Customs after the ship's arrival, without delay. The manifest must be signed by the master of the vessel and contain full and true account of all cargo on board. Any error detected therein must be corrected within twenty-four hours after it had been handed in to the Customs.\n\nWhen cargo on board a vessel is known to be destined for the interior and if its quantity is considerable so as to form independent cargo the master of the vessel should prepare two manifests--one for the cargo destined for the hinterland and another for the leased territory.\n\n17. Consignees of import cargo, whether it be for the interior or for the leased territory, are to report to the Customs, giving full particulars such as the denomination of the goods, number, quantity, weight and value, and also with the place of purchase, or production, or manufacture, &c.\n\n18. When a vessel wants to clear from a port export manifest must be handed in to the Customs either by the master of the vessel or by the agent. The manifest must be signed by the master or the agent, and handed in to the office at least two hours before application for the Customs clearance is made.\n\n19. When goods are to be exported the shipper must send the goods to the examination shed or to the bund specially authorized, accompanied by export application, giving all necessary particulars. After examination of the goods duty memorandum will be issued which the applicant must take to the Haikwan Bank to pay duty stated thereon. The shipping permit will be issued upon the production of duty receipt at the office.\n\n20. The Customs clearance will be issued when all dues and duties have been paid.\n\n21. Cargo for which a shipping permit had been issued, but which cannot be received on board must be reported to the office without delay, so that \"shut-out memorandum\" may be issued.\n\n22. Transhipment of goods cannot take place without special permission from the Customs. In absence of a special permit the goods transhipped are liable to confiscation and the master to fine.\n\n23. Tariffs in use in the Customs are-\n\n| Tariff Type | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) | For foreign imports, the revised Import Tariff of 1902. |\n| (b) | For native imports and exports, the general Tariff for the trade of China. |\n\n24. In cases of appeal against fines and confiscations imposed by the Commissioner of Customs the procedure will be conducted in accordance with the spirit of **The Rules for Joint Investigation in cases of Confiscation and Fine** by the Custom-house Authorities, Peking, 31st May, 1868.\"\n\n25. The custom-house is open for transaction of business from 9 A.M. to 4 P.M., Sundays and holidays excepted.\n\nExamination office will be open from 8 A.M. to 4 P.M.\n\nthe spirit of \"The Regulations for the Joint Investigation in cases of Fine or Confiscation,\" agreed upon at Peking on the 31st May, 1868.\n\n25. The hours of business of the Customs will be from 9 A.M. to 4 P.M., Sundays and holidays excluded.\n\nN.B. At the examination shed, however, the hours of business shall be from 8 A.M. to 4 P.M.\n\n26. It shall not be permissible, without the sanction of the Commissioner of Customs, to load or discharge cargo before 6 A.M. or after 6 P.M., or on Sundays or holidays.\n\nN.B. This does not, however, apply to passengers' luggage or to mails.\n\nThe fees chargeable for special permits are as follows:\n\n| Time/Condition | Fee (Haikwan taels) |\n| --- | --- |\n| before 6 A.M. | 10 |\n| after 6 P.M. to 12 P.M. | 20 |\n| from 6 P.M. to 6 A.M. | 40 |\n| on holidays (whole day) | 30 |\n| on holidays (half day) | 20 |\n| on Sundays (whole day) | 40 |\n| on Sundays (half day) | 20 |\n\n27. All communications on business connected with the Customs should be addressed to the Commissioner of Customs.\n\n## Additional Article\n\n28. In these Regulations the word \"interior\" means any part of the territory of China beyond the frontiers of the leased territory.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412432, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 192, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n169\n\n[September 9.]\n\n### SECTION 1\n\nThe fees charged on such permit are as follows:\n\n| Time | Haikwan taels |\n| --- | --- |\n| For working before 6 A.M. | 10 |\n| after 6 A.M. to 12 P.M. | 5 |\n| from 6 P.M. to 6 A.M. | 10 |\n| Sunday permit (whole day) | 20 |\n| \" (half day) | 10 |\n| holiday permit (whole day) | 20 |\n| \" (half day) | 10 |\n\n26. Vessels wishing to load or discharge cargo before 6 A.M. and after 6 P.M., or on Sundays or holidays, must apply for a special permit from the Customs.\n\n27. All business communications should be addressed to the Commissioner of Customs.\n\n28. The term \"interior\" in the Regulations means any part of Chinese territory beyond the frontier of the leased territory.\n\nP.S.-According to a later despatch of Mr. Parlett's dated the 31st July, by Ordinance No. 42, issued by the Governor-General of Kwangtung, the following Regulations have been added to the provisional Customs Regulations for the leased territory of the Kwangtung embodied in Ordinance No. 38 of Meiji 40:-\n\nArticle 2 (paragraph 2). If it is desired to send products of the leased territory or goods manufactured therefrom into the interior, they shall be liable to import duty. It is, however, permissible for the person sending such goods or products not to pay import duty, should he so prefer; but in that case the said goods or products shall receive the same treatment as Chinese goods or products.\n\nArticle 26 (paragraph 1). The rate of exchange for Haikwan taels payable to the Customs at Dairen shall be determined by the rate ruling at Newchwang.\n\nPeking, July 22, 1907.\n\nIT is difficult to give any connected account of the disturbances which are going on in widely separated parts of the country at present, but the Reports which I have the honour to inclose herewith will convey some idea of the state of things in the lower Yang-tsze and in the provinces in the immediate neighbourhood of Shanghae.\n\nThe extract from the Wuhu Intelligence Report indicates considerable revolutionary activity in the Province of Anhui, where the assassination of the late Governor and the appointment of a reactionary as his successor has probably tended to stimulate rather than repress the movement. The plot through which the late Governor lost his life seems to have aimed at the murder of all the officials and the seizure of the provincial capital, but the plans of the revolutionaries were disconcerted by a change in the date for the inspection of the students.\n\nThe reports from Messrs. Pearson and Mortimore deal with the Province of Cheikiang where there have been widespread troubles due to a variety of causes. The Wai-wu Pu, to whom I communicated the substance of Mr. Pearson's Report, admitted that there had been serious rioting in a number of places, which had called for the dispatch of troops and strong measures of repression.\n\nMr. Mortimore's account of the riot at Tinghai is a curious illustration of the weakness of provincial government in China under the altered conditions of the present day. Whether the movement is, as in this case, a reaction against the new methods, or a protest against the old, the officials are equally disinclined or powerless to withstand the expressed will of the people as soon as it shows any sign of asserting itself by a show of force. It is this undue deference to popular clamour, however unreasonable it may be, on the part of the provincial as also of the central authorities, which threatens to make all government impossible, as soon as the people begin to realize the full use that may be made of their newly acquired power.\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1\n\nExtract from the Wuhu Intelligence Report.\n\n**Revolutionary Propaganda**\n\nTHE recent extensive seizures of arms in the north have caused the authorities on the Yang-tsze considerable uneasiness, and stringent precautions are being taken against any similar happenings in these parts. Under instructions from the Viceroy, the Taotai has written to the Commissioner of Customs, communicating to him a very liberal scale of rewards for the detection of smuggled arms and ammunition. A recent edition of the `Nang Fang Pao` announced that the Viceroy at Nanking had decided to establish a detective force in the Treaty ports and large towns, and that he had applied to Yuan Shih K'ai for the loan of some officers to assist him in carrying out his scheme.\n\nA missionary, who has been for a long time in Anching and has considerable experience of the Yang-tsze districts, informed me recently that he regarded the revolutionary movement in these parts as very widespread and steadily increasing. Many Chinese officials were, he said, in active sympathy with the movement, a fact which no doubt accounted for so few of the adherents being discovered and punished. Their affairs are conducted with great secrecy and circumspection; and although a very extensive revolutionary literature is circulating all over the country, it is almost... \n\n[2652 i-1] \nPage 169", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412451, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 211, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "# CHINA TRADE\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\nNo. 1.\n\n### SECTION 1.\n\nSir,\n\nForeign Office to China Association.\n\nForeign Office, September 17, 1907\n\nWITH reference to the letter addressed to you from this Office on the 5th instant, I am directed by Secretary Sir E. Grey to inform you that His Majesty's Consul-General at Mukden has reported to His Majesty's Minister at Peking that the announcement of the Japanese papers, that the differential rates levied by the railway authorities from Dalny into Manchuria were to cease on the 1st July, has not been fulfilled.\n\nThe rates to Dalny are now given as 3 cents, 2 cents, and 1½ cents per ton per mile for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd class goods. Mr. Fulford states that he was misled by the positive tone of a Mukden paper to give the erroneous information referred to in the letter from this Office of the 5th instant.\n\nIn view, however, of the uncertainty which appears to exist in regard to the whole matter, a communication has been addressed to His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokyo requesting him to ascertain from the Japanese authorities exactly what is intended in the matter.\n\nSir C. MacDonald has also been authorized, at his discretion, to express to the Japanese Government the hope that the total rates from Dalny (Dairen) to Mukden and elsewhere in Manchuria will be so arranged that Newchwang will be placed on an equal footing with that port.\n\nI am, &c.\n(Signed) **F. A. CAMPBELL**.\n\n[2641-1]\n\nPage 208", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412459, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 219, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "# CHINA TRADE\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[29141]\n\n**(No. 163.)**\n\nSir,\n\n## No. 1.\n\n[August 31.]\n\n### SECTION 2.\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received August 31.)\n\nTokió, July 22, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch from His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen, inclosing a Memorandum on the subject of counterfeit British goods at Dairen.\n\nWhile thanking Mr. Parlett for his interesting Memorandum, I have instructed him to continue to devote his attention to this subject, which is attracting much notice in this country.\n\nMr. Parlett has forwarded a copy of his despatch to His Majesty's Minister at Peking and Consul-General at Mukden.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **CLAUDE M. MACDONALD**.\n\nP.S. Since writing the above, I have received a further Memorandum from Mr. Parlett on this subject, drawn up on information furnished by Mr. Garner, the travelling agent of Messrs. J. Buchanan & Co., copy of which I have the honour to transmit herewith.\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\n**(No. 29.)** Sir,\n\nVice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, July 12, 1907.\n\nAS your Excellency is aware, reports have of late appeared in the English papers drawing attention to the frequent appearance in Manchurian markets of imitations of foreign and, more especially, of British goods. It is also generally asserted that Japan is the place of origin of these counterfeit articles.\n\nIf this assertion is correct one may naturally presume that at least a number of these spurious goods must be imported by way of Dairen, and that, in such case, some would certainly remain here, to be disposed of locally. Acting on this supposition, I have visited various shops and bazaars in the port with a view to ascertaining whether any information likely to be of value could be obtained in those places on the subject. The results of my inquiries are embodied in the Memorandum which I have the honour to inclose herewith in duplicate.\n\nYour Excellency will observe that I have been quite unsuccessful in obtaining any evidence of the counterfeiting of the \"chops\" of British piece-goods, which is the chief point of interest. This is to be attributed, I think, mainly to the fact that the demand for these commodities is in the leased territory—the chief market of which is Dairen—but a small one.\n\nAs a natural result, the wholesale dealers here are virtually only forwarding agents for their branches in the real markets of the north.\n\nWith regard to imitations of toilet articles, whisky, and like, I am in doubt as to how far some of the specimens I saw were definite imitations of the productions of individual firms, how far simply pseudo-foreign goods. The far-eastern travelling agent of the well-known firm of distillers, Messrs. James Buchanan & Co., who happens to be visiting Dalny and called on me this morning, was unable to recognize any of the names of the \"brands\" described in my Memorandum, though the name of J. Brown & Co., was of course quite familiar to him. He told me, however, that, as he proposed, in the interests of his firm, investigating as fully as possible the trade in foreign spirits at Dairen, he would, if he obtained any information of value on the subject of counterfeits, communicate it to me.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **HAROLD G. PARLETT**.\n\n[2623 hh--2]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412460, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 220, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\n**Memorandum on Counterfeit Goods sold at Dalny**\n\n### Piece-goods\n\nConcerning these, the most important item on the list of articles imitated, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory information. A careful examination of the samples exhibited in the Commercial Museum at Dairen has failed to produce any tangible evidence of the reported counterfeiting of British \"chops\"; while inquiries made of the chief Chinese dealers in the town have met with the same result. Nearly every sample produced for my inspection was of undoubtedly genuine British or American manufacture. Japanese piece-goods, the merchants said, they did not deal in because their quality was so inferior. No great reliance is, however, to be placed in this assertion, as it is a well-known fact, if the assertions of foreign merchants are to be credited, that the average Chinese dealer is unable to distinguish between regular foreign-made goods and Japanese counterfeits, with the result that the latter are very often foisted off on him without his being any the wiser. From one firm only, that of Shung-Ki, the biggest dealer in the port, was any information forthcoming, and all his manager could tell me was that if I wanted to see counterfeit \"chops\" I had better pay a visit to the Mitsui Bussan Kwaisha's agency at Mukden. At the same time, he promised to make private and careful inquiry to see whether by chance some of these counterfeits might not be obtainable in Dairen itself. Any specimens forthcoming would be sent to me.\n\nIn the Commercial Museum, there was one sample of underwear (apparently woollen) which seemed to me to be counterfeit. The label, a big one, bore the trade-mark of a camel, and was in addition partly covered by a large triangular design in black and white of a herd of camels inside a stockaded enclosure. The museum card attached gave the name and address of the maker as \"Yagi Fukumatsu, 84, Ura Machi, Tosa Bori, Nishi Ku, Osaka.\" The same building also contained an exhibit of muslin bearing a trade-mark of \"Leda and the Swan\"; but I am not certain whether this was a counterfeit mark or not. The place of manufacture was said to be the \"Muslin Boseki Kwaisha, Nakatsu Mura, O-aza Kworitsuji, Nishinari Gori, Osaka.\"\n\n### Toilet Articles, Whisky, &c.\n\nIt is among the toilet articles, whiskies, and other minor commodities that the most egregious counterfeits are to be found. In the big Japanese-Chinese bazaar, for instance, I saw, inter alia, imitations of shirt-studs, sleeve-links, &c.; but the names of the original manufacturers, whether British or American, were not copied, and the trade-marks, in most cases a horse's head, gave no clue at all as to whether the articles were direct imitations of the manufactures of specific firms, or simply ordinary pseudo-foreign goods. I am disposed to think that in a fair number of cases the latter is the correct explanation.\n\n| Article | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Blacking | Bearing the legend \"Mason's Original Challenge Blacking\" and an old and well-known trade-mark of a negro polishing a jack-boot in one corner, a boy holding another jack-boot in the opposite corner, and a dog running out of the picture. |\n| Blacking | Prepared by one \"Yamamatsu, 186 and 235, N. Flank Street, Japan,\" had precisely the same design as that just described; but the superscription, in this case partly obliterated, ran somewhat as follows: \"Masterly Blacking, Original Ofmycounth.\" |\n| \"Blanco\" | With the words \"J. Omar and Sons, best blanco, for whitening all articles of buck or buckskin, leather, and Co.,\" on the cover, and inside, a badly worded sheet of directions for use in English. |\n| Lime and glycerine preparation | A most palpable imitation of an article prepared by the firm of Breidenbach and Co. in London. The only difference was the substitution in the Japanese-made article of the words \"Kimmel and Co.\" (Rimmel and Co. ?) for Breidenbach and Co., the use of a lily instead of a violet as a trade-mark, and the misprinting of a date on a small label at the back of the bottle. |\n\nThe next counterfeited article shown me was a box of soap purporting to be manufactured by S. Sister and Co., but obviously a forgery. The inscription was as follows: \"Koukoku Shirushi Soap. S. Sister and Co. Moske and Violete,\" and the coloured label on the cover bore a device of two harlequins mounted on horse-back, one blowing a trumpet and the other carrying a banner with an emblem on it of a running dog.\n\nA store devoted to the sale of groceries contained bottles of white pepper very clearly made in Japan, notwithstanding the fact that they bore, underneath a trade-mark of some animal lying on a daïs, the initials K. Y. and Co., Leadenhall Street.\n\nHere, also, I noticed several bottles of a British imitation of Lea and Perrins' Worcestershire Sauce. They bore the name \"Imperial Pickle Company, Govan, Glasgow,\" with a label having a close resemblance to the shield and mussel shells of the genuine article...\n\n### Wines and Spirits\n\nWines and spirits are other articles which, like toilet goods, appear to exercise a great fascination over the counterfeiter. In the same bazaar were shown me, in addition to wines, on which, as they have no interest for British merchants, I do not touch, various brands of whisky, almost without exception spurious.\n\n| Whisky Brand | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| William Austin | Purported to come from the distillery of a Glasgow firm, with a label bearing, in addition to the letters \"S.W.\" on gold medallions in each bottom corner, a statement to the effect that this was genuine Scotch whisky. |\n| Glenaskfort | Bore a trade-mark of a bust of Mercury on a medallion with crossed caducea and anchor behind. The maker's name was given as \"O. Klour and Co.\" (J. Brown and Co. ?), of Glasgow. |\n| J. Kroun and Co. | Another counterfeit of Messrs. Brown and Co.'s manufactures. |\n| Thom and Cameron | A small flask, clearly an imitation, was marked as coming from the firm of Thom and Cameron, of Glasgow. |\n\nThe Commercial Museum, which is run more or less under official patronage and supervision, contained among its exhibits various samples of the same spirit. They were all imitations; but how close I am unable to say. Among other trade-marks, I saw that of the \"Milkmaid\" (this is a whisky sold by the American and French Wine Company, a concern carrying on business at Yotsu no rokuji-ichi, Kawara machi, Higashi Ku, Osaka), a \"Old Highland Whisky, Landscape\" brand, and last but not least, an \"Admiral Togo\" whisky coming, so the ill-spelt label assured the reader, from the firm of L. Loshuner, of Glasgow and London.\n\nInquiries at the Japanese-Chinese bazaar as to the place of origin of these various articles failed to elicit any more satisfactory reply than that they come from Japan, not Shanghai. In the case of articles exhibited in the Commercial Museum, the name of the seller or manufacturer of the various commodities is always mentioned.\n\nChinese assert that the dentifrice called \"Odol\" is largely imitated and sold, the old bottles being collected and used again; but I have so far found no proof that this is really the case.\n\nH. P.\n\n## Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\n**(Initialled)**\n\n**Memorandum on Counterfeit British Goods at Dairen**\n\nExhibits at the Commercial Museum.--Having examined these, Mr. Garner tells me that as far as the exhibits of whisky are concerned, he does not think that they are really counterfeit. He says that it is a common practice among distillers in Great Britain to manufacture for sale in foreign markets cheap brands of whisky, to which an ...\n\nPage 217", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412461, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 221, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "# DOMESTIC\n\n4\n\nAn assumed trade-name instead of the real firm-name is given. In such cases, capsules, labels, and corks are often supplied by the manufacturers, and the whisky, exported in bulk, is bottled locally. This is, in his opinion, probably what has happened in this instance.\n\nThe label of the \"Admiral Togo\" whisky is, however, undoubtedly of Japanese make, and, though Mr. Garner doubts it, the same is, I believe, the case with the \"Milkmaid\" brand.\n\nJapanese-Chinese Bazaar. - The \"William Austin\" whisky sold in this building may, I think, be undoubtedly considered as a deliberate counterfeit, because Mr. Garner tells me that he has found in other places in Dairen bottles of the genuine spirit. The only difference between the two is that the latter, in addition to bearing a correctly spelt label, has \"V.O.\" instead of the letters \"S. W.\" on the medallions.\n\nAt Port Arthur, Mr. Garner tells me that he saw passable imitations of Hennessy's cognac and of Martel's brandy, and a very clever counterfeit of \"Old Tom\" gin.\n\n(Initialled) H. P.\n\n## HONG KONG \n## STRAITS\n\nNo. 35258\n\n**(Subject.)** \n**China Trade**\n\n**(Previous Paper.)** \n`34188`\n\n**(Minutes.)** \nSee Sept 9 § 4 absence of progress of anti-opium movement.\n\n**(Subsequent Paper.)** \n`30523` Protests to Straits + Hongkong Confidentially auto 9/20 alone Rt. 10\n\nPage 248", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412567, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 327, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n## SECTION 1\n\n(No. 194.) Sir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received September 28.)\n\nTokić, September 5, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith copies of two despatches from His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen on the subject of freights to that port by the South Manchurian Railway.\n\nIt will be observed from the Memorandum inclosed in Mr. Parlett's despatch No. 34 that the general goods tariff from Mukden to Dairen is, as compared with that to Yinkow (Newchwang), a differential one in favour of the former port if calculated by mileage. The Japanese railway authorities, while admitting this differentiation, point out that the new tariff is much more favourable to Yinkow than the old one, and contend that, so long as the freight to the latter port is absolutely less than that to Dairen, there cannot be said to be any adverse differentiation from a practical point of view.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **CLAUDE M. MACDONALD**,\n\n(No. 34.) Sir,\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nVice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, July 25, 1907. IN continuation of my despatch No. 32 of the 22nd instant, I have the honour to inclose herewith a translation of the Regulations governing the transport of freight along the lines of the South Manchurian Railway Company, together with a brief Memorandum on the subject.\n\nI am informed by Mr. Tanaka, a Director of the Company, who has just visited Newchwang, that the present terminus at Yinkow will, if land be purchasable at a reasonable rate, probably be carried a couple of miles closer to the town, to a spot contiguous with the site of the Newchwang Warehouse Company's buildings.\n\nCopies of the translation referred to above have been supplied to the British merchants here.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **HAROLD G. PARLETT**.\n\n(Translation.)\n\n### Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nSouth Manchurian Railway Freight Regulations.\n\nTHE following are the Regulations to be enforced from the 1st July with regard to the transportation of goods which are not the subject of special arrangement or contract:-\n\nSouth Manchurian Railway Company, July 1907.\n\n1. When it is desired to forward goods, application shall be made at a station during the business hours of the said station.\n\nThe application shall be filled up on the official form kept at the station for that purpose, and shall contain all necessary information.\n\n2. If goods cannot be forwarded immediately on their receipt, the Railway Company may, under certain circumstances, refuse to take delivery of them.\n\nPage 38100\n324 \n\n[32323] \nB \n[2641 ee-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412570, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 330, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## Freight Regulations\n\n**Valuables (including gold, silver, jewels, negotiable documents, and all documents, &c., relating to money or property)** shall pay freight as specified below:--\n| Distance | Freight |\n| --- | --- |\n| Less than 50 miles | 20 sen per kin |\n| Over 50 miles and less than 100 miles | 50 sen per kin |\n| For every additional 100 miles | 13 sen per kin, then 16 sen, then 17 sen (but actually 10 sen per kin as per later text) |\n\nThe minimum freight is 1 yen.\n\nIf a consignor requests particularly that his goods shall be treated in transit as valuables, they shall be dealt with as specified above according to the class under which they fall.\n\n## Additional Charges\n\n9. Primage shall also be charged on valuables.\n\n## Freight Adjustments\n\n(2.) In cases of overweight, the difference between the freight calculated according to the proper weight and that originally calculated.\n\n(3.) Where articles on which different freights are leviable are mixed together, the difference between the freight on the total weight calculated according to the highest freight payable on any of the articles so mixed together and that originally calculated.\n\n## Minimum Freight\n\n16. The minimum freight for all parcels, save those which are the subject of special regulation, shall be 10 sen. This minimum shall not be reduced even in the case of articles transported at half the ordinary rate, or on which discount is allowed.\n\n## Calculation Rules\n\n17. In calculations a fraction of a kin shall be considered a kin, a fraction of a mile a mile. Fractions of 10 sen, if over 5 sen, shall be considered as 10 sen; if under 5 sen, as nothing (or 0 sen).\n\n## Valuation Charges\n\n| Distance | Charge per 100 yen or fraction thereof |\n| --- | --- |\n| less than 50 miles | 20 sen |\n| more than 50 miles and less than 100 miles | 5 sen, actually listed as 80 (likely error, should be consistent with other rates) |\n| for every additional 100 miles | 10 sen |\n\n## Dead Bodies\n\n10. The freight on a dead body shall be 30 sen per mile per body, with a minimum charge of 6 yen. The body of a child under 12 years of age shall, however, be charged at half rate. Ashes, after cremation (if enclosed in a box or urn), shall pay double the freight levied on ordinary parcels, with a minimum charge of 20 sen.\n\n## Small Living Animals\n\n11. The freight chargeable on small living animals shall be as follows:\n- (1.) On small dogs, small birds, or other small living animals (if in a cage or box), twice that leviable on ordinary parcels, with a minimum charge of 20 sen.\n- (2.) On dogs (excepting small dogs secured in a box)—\n | Distance | Charge per head |\n | --- | --- |\n | Under 50 miles | 30 sen |\n | Over 50 miles but under 100 miles | 50 sen |\n | For every additional 100 miles | 20 sen |\n\n## Storage Charges\n\n12. If hand-luggage, merchandise carried by pedlars or hawkers, parcels, or small animals accompanying passengers are not taken delivery of within twenty-four hours after arrival, and in the case of other small parcels, valuables, and small animals, within twenty-four hours after notice has been given of their arrival, storage commission shall be payable on the scale herewith appended:\n- (1.) Ordinary parcels and hand luggage, 5 sen for every twenty-four hours or fraction thereof.\n- (2.) Fragile, bulky, or valuable articles, twice the sum mentioned in the paragraph immediately preceding.\n\n## Freight for General Merchandise Occupying a Whole Car\n\n### From and to Yinkow and Dairen\n\n| Classification | To/From Dairen (Yen per Ton) | To/From Yinkow (Yen per Ton) |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1st Class Goods | 6.80 | ... |\n| 2nd Class Goods | 4.50 | ... |\n| 3rd Class Goods | 3.28 | ... |\n\n### Classification and Rates to Various Stations\n\n| Station | 1st Class Goods (Yen per Ton) | 2nd Class Goods (Yen per Ton) | 3rd Class Goods (Yen per Ton) |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Shusuitow | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.36 |\n| Naukwanrei | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.36 |\n| Taiboshin | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.36 |\n| Kinchow | 0.88 | 0.63 | 0.45 |\n| Sansulipo | 1.23 | 0.88 | 0.63 |\n| PULIANTIEN | 1.75 | 1.25 | 0.90 |\n| Gwaboten | 2.28 | 1.63 | 1.17 |\n| Tokuriji | 2.80 | 2.00 | 1.44 |\n| ... | ... | ... | ... |\n\nThe following articles only shall for the time being be transported at half the rate payable on ordinary parcels:\n- Fruit, vegetables, fresh fish, milk, ice, boiled fish, broiled fish, Hirano water, ginger ale, lemonade, &c.\n\n## Miscellaneous Regulations\n\n13. If a dead body is not taken delivery of within six hours after its arrival, all charges incurred by the said delay in taking delivery shall be repayable to the Company.\n\n14. If the metal check given in exchange for hand-luggage deposited be lost or destroyed, a charge of 30 sen shall be leviable for each check thus lost or damaged.\n\n15. If, after the receipt of hand-luggage or parcels for dispatch, it has been found that a mistake has been made in their classification, or that they are of excess weight, freight shall be payable according to the scale herewith appended.\n\nPage 327 \nPage 330 \nPage 331", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412571, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 331, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "# Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\n## Memorandum\n\n**THE** chief point of interest in these Regulations is the freight tariff on ordinary merchandize. This is contained in two separate tables, one appearing in the general table of freights, the other, and more important, in a table of freight for merchandize occupying a whole car. The former applies to goods transported to and from wayside stations generally, the latter to those transported between the two ports of Dairen and Yinkow and certain specified places.\n\nThat this second tariff is, if freight be calculated by mileage, a differential one in favour of Dairen can be seen at a glance. Mukden is 250 miles distant from Dairen, but only 115 from Yinkow; yet the freight on ordinary 2nd class merchandize* is only 6.25 yen per ton in the first instance as against 5.60 yen in the second. In other words, Yinkow pays at the rate of 49 sen per ton per mile, while Dairen pays only 2.5 sen.\n\nThe Manchurian Railway Company do not deny that, calculated in this manner, the freight is a differential one; but they deprecate this system of determining the existence of differentiation. To charge a uniform rate per mile would, in their opinion, simply be to handicap Dairen hopelessly. What they have done is to fix a rate which will permit of goods being delivered at both places at virtually the same cost, and by so doing they say they have not only abolished the old differential tariff but even given a certain advantage to Yinkow. A comparison of the figures in the \"whole car\" freight table will show that this is correct, the freight on ordinary 2nd class merchandize being, from Mukden, for instance, 65 sen cheaper for Yinkow than for this port.\n\nTo further strengthen their contention that differentiation no longer exists, they cite the figures of the old tariff. Under that all goods sent from the north to Yinkow paid freight at the rate of 5 sen per ton, whereas for Dairen the charge was, as far as Tashichiao (100 miles south of Mukden), 5 sen per mile, and from Tashichiao to the terminus (250 miles), 2 sen per mile. In the case of Manchurian produce, moreover, the 5-sen rate was reduced to 2.5 sen for this port. Consequently, on this basis, merchandize transported from Mukden to Yinkow paid freight at the rate of 5.75 yen per ton, while that sent to Dairen paid only 5.50 yen.\n\nAs long as goods sent from Mukden, for instance, can be delivered at Yinkow at the rate of 5.60 yen per ton as against 6.25 yen at Dairen it cannot, in the opinion of the Company, with justice be claimed that a differential tariff exists in favour of the latter port and against the former.\n\nPage 328\n\n9\n\nfuel, bamboo, bricks, sand, lava, shells, minerals, ice, coke, iron ware (iron tubes, plates, and machinery), gunny bags, nuts, bark, leaves, manures (with the exception of bean cake), timber, charcoal, coal, stones, and cement.\"\n\nArticle 12 is also amended to read as follows:-\n\n\"If goods of different classes are placed together, either in the same case or in the same car, the freight on the whole consignment shall be calculated at the rate payable by the highest class of goods in the said case or car.\"\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) HAROLD G. PARLETT.\n\n# Inclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\n## H. P.\n\n**(No. 40.)** Sir,\n\n### Vice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, August 6, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report to your Excellency that an alteration has been made in the classification of goods transported along the South Manchurian Railway line, and that Articles 9 and 11 of the \"Table of Freights on Merchandize,\" a translation of which was inclosed in my despatch `No. 34` of the 25th July, should now read as follows:-\n\n\"Article 9. The following goods are classified as belonging to the 1st class:-\n\n\"Copper and nickel coins, watches, embroideries, mirrors, musical instruments, hair ornaments, drugs and medicines (with the exception of dangerous drugs), toilet goods, dressed furs, wool, woollen cloth or fabrics, arms, fancy goods, curios, opium, raw silk, silk, silk stuffs and fabric, machinery (scientific, medical, photographic, and electric), eye-glasses and spectacles, books and paintings, drawings, articles of vertu.\n\n\"Article 11. The following goods are classified as belonging to the 3rd class:- \n\"Lime (with the exception of quicklime), earthenware pipes or tubes, tiles, wood fuel, bamboo, bricks, sand, lava, shells, minerals, ice, coke, iron ware (iron tubes, plates, and machinery), gunny bags, nuts, bark, leaves, manures (with the exception of bean cake), timber, charcoal, coal, stones, and cement.\"\n\n*For convenience of comparison, I have taken Mukden and the rates for ordinary 2nd class goods as examples.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412578, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 338, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "# CHINA TRADE.\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n[35584]\n\n## No. 1.\n335\n[October 28.]\n\n### SECTION 2.\n\n**Sir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received October 28.) (No. 222.)**\n\nTokió, October 3, 1907.\n\nSir,\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 198 of the 17th ultimo, I have the honour to transmit herewith copy of a further despatch from His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen on the subject of the possibility of the Commissioner of Customs at that port discriminating in favour of his own countrymen to the detriment of foreign merchants.\n\nIt will be noticed that Mr. Parlett states that, whatever ground the British American Tobacco Company have for objecting to the present system, the fact remains that their own agent at Dairen has had so far absolutely no reason to make any complaint.\n\nI have, &c.\n(Signed) **CLAUDE M. MACDONALD.**\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1.\n**(No. 53.)**\nSir,\n\n**Vice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.**\n\nDairen, September 24, 1907.\n\nREVERTING to my despatch No. 47 of the 10th instant on the subject of probable discriminatory treatment on the part of the Commissioner of Customs in favour of his own nationals, I have the honour to report that on Sunday last I saw Mr. Lyall, the Commissioner's Private Secretary, and that he was good enough to volunteer certain information, which, though of no great importance, may still be of some little interest, as more or less confirming the statements made by me in my despatch above referred to.\n\nOn the general question of discriminatory treatment Mr. Lyall was disposed, so I gathered, to think that, even with every disposition to favour his own people, the opportunities at the Commissioner's disposal for doing so really effectively were small, was, however, in error in overlooking, or rather, in being ignorant of, one direction in which a certain amount of partiality might be displayed.\n\nIt appears that in China, where the Customs often find it difficult to enforce their decision on recalcitrant merchants in any other way than by adopting the, to them undesirable, procedure of carrying a case into the Consular Courts, a system of extra-Treaty privileges has been instituted. These are privileges purely, not rights, and are in the nature of incentives to \"good behaviour\" to be granted or withdrawn at the will of the Customs. By a partial use of his powers of bestowing or withdrawing these privileges, Mr. Lyall seemed to think a Commissioner could, if he wished to do so, discriminate to a certain extent in favour of his own nationals. It might also happen, he said, that Japanese merchants were able to transact their business at the Customs somewhat more expeditiously than foreign, because of the number of clerks of their own nationality employed in the office; but any discrimination in this direction could not be really serious, and was, moreover, in a measure natural owing to the community of language. As far as Mr. Kurosawa personally was concerned, I gathered that his Private Secretary indorsed the remark I had the honour to make at the end of the second paragraph of my despatch in question.\n\nWhatever ground the British American Tobacco Company in London may have for their objections to the present system, the fact remains that their own agent here has so far had absolutely no reason to make any complaint.\n\nI have, &c.\n(Signed) **HAROLD PARLETT.**\n\n[2677]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412579, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 339, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[35584]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n330\n\n[November 11.]\n\n## SECTION 1\n\nSir,\n\nForeign Office to Board of Trade.\n\nForeign Office, November 11, 1907,\n\nI am directed by Secretary Sir Edward Grey to transmit to you herewith, to be laid before the Board of Trade, copies of two despatches, which have been received from His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokio, forwarding despatches from the British Vice-Consul at Dairen, relative to the possibility of the exercise by the Commissioner of Customs at Dairen of discrimination in favour of his own countrymen to the detriment of foreign merchants.\n\nHis Majesty's Minister at Peking has been requested to furnish a report, which will be communicated to you in due course, upon the system of \"extra-Treaty privileges,\" alluded to in the third paragraph of Mr. Parlett's despatch of the 24th September.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed) F. A. CAMPBELL.\n\n* Sir C. MacDonald, No. 198, September 17; ditto, No. 222, October 8, 1907. `[2724-1]`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412580, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 340, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n# CHINA TRADE\n\n397\n\nNovember 5\n\n## SECTION 1\n\n[35584]\n\n**(No. 446.)**\nSir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\n**Sir Edward Grey to Sir J. Jordan**\n\nForeign Office, November 5, 1907.\n\nI transmit to you herewith copies of two despatches which I have received from His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokio, enclosing despatches from the British Vice-Consul at Dairen relative to the possibility of the exercise by the Commissioner of Customs at Dairen of discrimination in favour of his own countrymen to the detriment of foreign merchants.\n\nI shall be glad if you will explain to me what is meant by the system of \"extra-Treaty privileges\" alluded to in the third paragraph of Mr. Parlett's despatch of the 24th September.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed) **E. GREY**\n\n* `Sir C. MacDonald, No. 198, September 17`; ditto, `No. 222, October 8, 1907`, `[2724 e]`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412581, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 341, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n# CHINA TRADE\n\n(No. 198.)\n\n## SECTION 1\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received October 28.)\n\nTokić, September 17, 1907.\n\nI REFERRED your despatch No. 152 of the 25th July last on the subject of the Customs staff at Dalny, and the fears expressed by the British-American Tobacco Company of discrimination against foreign goods, to His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dalny for any observations he may have to make. I have the honour to inclose copy of Mr. Parlett's reply, in which he states that so far he has found nothing to justify the suggestion that \"the Japanese officials of the Customs are likely to discriminate against the goods of nationals other than those of their own country.\"\n\n(No. 47.)\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) \nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1\n\nVice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, September 10, 1907.\n\nI HAVE given my careful attention to the letter addressed by the British-American Tobacco Company to the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, a copy of which formed the second inclosure in your Excellency's despatch No. 15 of the 31st ultimo, and I have the honour to state in reply that, after careful investigation, I can find nothing in the action of the Commissioner of Customs up to the present moment to justify the suggestion that \"the Japanese officials of the Customs are likely to discriminate against the goods of nationals other than those of their own country.\"\n\nInquiries among the British merchants here, one of whom is the agent of the Tobacco Company in question, convince me that the idea of unfair discrimination has not yet entered their heads, and that any complaints they have to make are directed solely against what they consider the dilatory methods of procedure of the Customs establishment. Moreover, supposing even that Mr. Kurosawa's sympathies were with his own nationals, I cannot quite understand what form of practical expression the British-American Tobacco Company expects them to take. The duty levied on cigarettes, whatever their place of origin, is rigidly determined by the Chinese Customs Tariff, with which all merchants in China are presumably perfectly familiar, and any attempt on the part of the Commissioners either to levy a lower rate than the usual one on cigarettes imported from Japan or to admit them duty free, which are the only two practical methods of discrimination I can at this moment think of, would not only mean the commission of a deliberate fraud against the Government which he serves, but would also be attended with considerable risk of discovery and subsequent inconvenience to himself.\n\nIt is quite true that the Commissioner of Customs and his assistants are Japanese, but, at the same time, there is on the staff, as private Secretary, an Englishman with long service in the Customs, and there are also Chinese clerks, who are familiar with Customs business and would probably not be slow to detect anything in the nature of dishonesty on the part of their chief. I am also somewhat disposed to infer, from what I have seen of Mr. Kurosawa personally, that he is a gentleman who takes a certain pride in the reputation of the service to which he belongs, but this is a point which I do not want to emphasize.\n\nThe question of differential treatment on the part of the Customs naturally leads to the wider one of general discrimination by the Japanese authorities against foreigners, and, with your Excellency's permission, I should like to touch on it briefly.\n\nIt has on many occasions, as your Excellency is aware, been asserted both in speech and in print that such a policy is being pursued by the Japanese authorities in...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412582, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 342, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## CONFIDENTIAL\n\n### China Trade\n\nNo. 1.\n\n339\n\n[October 21.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n**Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received October 21.) (No. 421.)**\n\nPeking, September 3, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit to you herewith a Report upon the Province of Shan-hsi by Lieutenant-Colonel Pereira, Military Attaché to this Legation.\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\n#### Inclosure in No. 1.\n\n**No. 44.-Report respecting a Journey in Shan-hsi (July 22 to August 18, 1907), by Lieutenant-Colonel Pereira.**\n\n(Confidential.)\n\n1. The Journey.-I proceeded by train from Peking as far as Shou-yang Hsien, in Eastern Shan-hsi, taking the new Shan-hsi Railway from Chen-t'ou, a few miles south of Cheng-ting Fu, in Chih-li. From Shou-yang Hsien I proceeded by the usual uncomfortable methods of native transport to T'ai-yüan Fu, where I stayed five days, and then, proceeding northwards to Ta-t'ung Fu, I returned to Peking by Kalgan.\n\n2. Tai-yüan Fu--On my arrival in the capital, I found the officials inclined to view my arrival with anxiety, and I believe they were under the impression that I had come to discuss the affairs of the Peking Syndicate. However, as soon as they found that I had come simply to inspect their somewhat primitive military institutions, they appeared to be very much relieved, and readily gave me permission and assistance to visit everything I wanted to see.\n\nI am informed on good authority in Peking that there is not an undue proportion of Manchu officials in China, and outside T'ai-yüan Fu I found that the Magistrates in every city I passed through were Chinese, but in the capital itself the Manchu element was predominant among the higher officials, and the following belonged to that alien race, viz. :-\n\n| Official Position | Name | Description |\n|-------------------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------|\n| The Governor | En-shon | reported to be well disposed, but timid and of a weak character |\n| The Treasurer | Pao-fen | |\n| The Acting Judge | Chih-lin | and Head of the local Foreign Office, a young man of 30 |\n| The Director of Education | Hsi-ku | |\n\n3. Feeling in the Province.-I everywhere found the people perfectly harmless and friendly. Mr. Sowerby, the senior baptist missionary, and the only one present at the time in the city, told me that everything was perfectly quiet, and that the animosity aroused by the action of the Peking Syndicate had quite died out. He said that last year, when the agitation was on, the movement was headed by Chinese students in Japan, and their action stirred up the students in the T'ai-yüan Fu University, who openly accused the Manchus of truckling to the foreigners, and talked of destroying the Manchu Settlement (a mud-walled inclosure containing some 1,500 Manchus) inside the city.\n\nThe Governor sent soldiers to the scene of the disturbance and threatened to fire on the students, but they defied him, and it was only with great difficulty, and at the intercession of the Provincial Judge (Ting-pao-ch'uan), that quiet was restored.\n\nMr. Sowerby was of opinion that the people are now satisfied that the Syndicate claims will no longer be pushed, but he thinks that if they are pressed very serious results will follow.\n\nIn 1901 I accompanied a party of missionaries to Tai-yuan Fu on the termination of the Boxer movement, and they stated that, until the advent of the notorious Yu Hsien as Governor, the Shan-hsi people were amongst the least anti-foreign of the Chinese population.\n\nPage 339\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government]\n\n2\n\nthis territory. I am not in a position to deny categorically that such is the case, but I have to confess my inability so far to obtain any tangible proof of it. There is of course the question of railway freights, the preferential nature of which the Japanese deny, but these rates, whether justifiable or not, are directed against a port, Newchwang, and not against foreigners generally.\n\nEarly in the spring I was assured by a foreign merchant here that he had seen at Harbin a freight receipt for certain goods transported from that town, via Mukden, through the Mitsui Bussan Company's agents, and that the rate the Mitsui Bussan charged was a much lower one than any his own firm could obtain from the railway authorities. A copy of this receipt he promised to obtain for me; but he has never succeeded in doing so, and I am consequently quite unable to put any reliance in the correctness of his assertion. It is this habit of indiscriminate accusation without valid proof in support which seems to me regrettable, and I do not understand why, if, as is asserted, a policy of discrimination really exists, foreign merchants are not at greater pains to secure proof of its existence. As far as my experience goes, I can recall only one instance of a foreign firm being, to my own knowledge, unfairly treated.\n\nThis was the Manchurian Trading Company, a concern registered locally as Japanese. The Managing Director of the `Dairen` branch, a British subject, applied to the local authorities for the lease of a piece of land for business purposes.\n\nAfter protracted delay a site was assigned him, and he was requested to furnish plans of the buildings he proposed to erect. To this he replied that, in view of the very uncertain nature of the tenure possible under the Land Regulations in force, it was not his intention to invest at the moment more capital in his land than was necessary for the construction of an ordinary warehouse. The Japanese at once retorted with a demand that he should build a house or offices of the value of 20,000 yen at least, and on his refusing to do this they promptly cancelled his lease. Such action was not only high-handed but inequitable, because no such conditions are to my knowledge imposed on Japanese, and the number of buildings on which that amount has been spent might almost be counted on the fingers of one hand.\n\nIt is possible, too, that some understanding exists between the Railway Company and the Mitsui Bussan Kwaisha, who are by far the most important traders here, on the subject of a preferential rate when large quantities of the latter's goods are transported over the line; but, if so, no proof of it has yet come to light.\n\nAll that can be said on the subject of this policy of discrimination is that no proof of its existence is yet forthcoming, and I am of opinion also that this system of accusation absolutely unsupported by proof is calculated in the long run seriously to prejudice the cause of the accusers.\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) HAROLD G. PARLETT.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government]\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n`[34668]`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412648, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 408, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[35569]\n\n(No. 208.)\n\nSir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\n405\n\n[October 28.]\n\n### SECTION 1.\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received October 28.)\n\nTokió, September 27, 1907.\n\nWITH reference to Sir J. Jordan's despatch No. 265, Confidential, of the 30th May last, in regard to the Dalny Customs arrangement, I have the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch from Mr. Parlett, offering some observations on the subject.\n\nMr. Parlett has forwarded a copy of his despatch direct to Peking.\n\n(No. 49.)\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) CLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1,\n\nVice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nSir,\n\nDairen, September 12, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to return herewith the copy of Sir J. Jordan's despatch No. 265 of the 30th May, to the Foreign Office, which formed the first inclosure in your Excellency's despatch No. 15 of the 31st August.\n\nThe question of levying duty on junk-borne commodities has been settled in the affirmative by a private agreement between the Commissioner of Customs and the Governor-General at Port Arthur, which came into force on the 1st of last month. In accordance with its terms, junk stations have been established, at which junk-borne cargoes are subjected to examination and duty when necessary levied on them, as would be the case in China. In fact, the system in force is practically, so I am informed, in all but name the same as that of the so-called \"native Customs.\"\n\nWith regard to opium, Mr. Kurosawa tells me that he thinks it unlikely any considerable quantity will be imported into Manchuria by way of the leased territory, because the former region, particularly the Heilungcheng district, produces plenty of opium of a quality so eminently suited to the requirements of the natives, that there is but little demand for any other. Before the Customs opened here, large stocks were imported, mainly for consumption in the leased territory, and it is anticipated these will suffice for the rest of the year. The trade is in the hands of the Ahen-kyoku (opium bureau), which is under Government supervision, but I am led to infer that the supervision is nominal rather than real.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) HAROLD G. PARLETT.\n\n[2692 ee-1]\n\n2\n\ndelay as demanded by His Majesty's Government on the 31st December last year, and my Directors earnestly trust that this will be insisted on, at least as a debt due from the Chinese Government to the Syndicate, and to be paid, in case of need, out of royalties. To forgo this claim would, my Directors think, be a palpable confession of weakness and a most mischievous precedent, leading the Chinese to think they might tamper hereafter with the Syndicate's rights with impunity. Sir John Jordan, in presenting this claim, informed Prince Ching (vide Foreign Office letter to the Syndicate of the 5th March last) that His Majesty's Government considered the delay in issuing the permit to be a distinct breach of the Syndicate's Agreement concluded under the sanction of an Imperial Decree, and the breach is no less a breach because the Syndicate is now willing, for the sake of conciliating native opinion, to enter into a compromise for future working. My Directors trust that in the event arising this point will be made clear to the Chinese Government,\n\nMy Directors observe that Sir John Jordan contrasts the somewhat passive attitude of the Syndicate with the activity displayed by the agents of other Companies in modifying their original grants to suit the altered conditions of the time. There is not, however, any real analogy between the two cases. Each of the other Companies had a Final Agreement to negotiate, based, it is true, on a rough Preliminary Agreement, and one of the altered conditions of the time was the improved credit of the Chinese Government in European markets, which enabled them to give better terms both as to the price of the loans and as to the security than the Preliminary Agreements called for without pecuniary loss to the Companies themselves. But in the case of the Peking Syndicate none of these considerations prevailed. The Final Agreement was complete. It had been signed and ratified, and nothing remained to be done but that the Chinese authorities should give permission to work. On the strength of its undisputed validity, the Syndicate appealed to and obtained from the public subscriptions amounting to a very large sum of money, the statements in the prospectus having been submitted to the Foreign Office before publication. Moreover, the Agreement had been accepted in Honan as a practical Working Agreement, and all we asked was that the Shansi authorities should adopt the same course.\n\nThe Syndicate relied, and could not but rely, on His Majesty's Government to remove obstruction by diplomatic pressure, and it is only now, on the express representation of Sir John Jordan, that some modification is absolutely necessary that my Directors consent to reopen the question of terms. No effort will be spared on the part of the Syndicate's agent to bring about a satisfactory settlement, but my Directors venture to hope that the support of His Majesty's Minister, which they gratefully acknowledge as to the past, will be equally accorded in the future.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) THOS. GILBERT, Secretary.\n\nK\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412734, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 494, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "# CHINA TRADE, CONFIDENTIAL\n\n$8634]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n43659\n\n**RECE REGE 14 DEC 07**\n\n[December 4.]\n\n## SECTION\n\n### Foreign Office to Board of Trade\n\nWITH reference to the letter from this Department of the 8th October, I am directed by Secretary Sir Edward Grey to transmit to you herewith, to be laid before the Board of Trade, a copy of a despatch which has been received from His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokio on the subject of discrimination in rates on the South Manchurian Railway.*\n\nThe position of this matter would appear to be as follows:-\n\nKwangchengtze, where the Russian and Japanese portions of the Manchurian Railway meet, is 190 miles from Mukden, which, in its turn, is distant from Newchwang and Dalny respectively 115 and 250 miles.\n\nAs regards goods to Mukden, Newchwang goods pay 49 sen per ton per mile, and Dairen 25 sen per mile. At Mukden this means that the former pay 560 sen and the latter 625 sen. Newchwang has an advantage of 65 sen.\n\nBut as regards goods moving between the southern ports and Kwangchengtze, which, according to the China Association, is the great distributing centre of Manchuria, the position is reversed, Newchwang goods paying 1,491 sen and Dairen goods 1,100 sen. Away charges involve hardship to Newchwang turns on what is the destination and the origin of the bulk of that port's trade in Manchuria.\n\nThe whole question whether the present arrangements are fair depends on what is the destination and the origin of the bulk of that port's trade in Manchuria. The Japanese railway authorities have struck a fair average.\n\nIt may be that by their tariff Sir E. Grey is satisfied that it would not be possible for His Majesty's Government to hold out for a claim that the same freight per mile should be charged upon goods from Dairen as from Newchwang.\n\nI am to inquire whether, in the opinion of the Board of Trade, the present freight arrangements on the Japanese section of the Manchurian Railway constitute a reasonably satisfactory settlement of the question.\n\nI am, &c. \n(Signed) **F. A. CAMPBELL**\n\n* Sir C. MacDonald, No. 239, October 28, 1907.\n\n[2765 d-1]\n\n431", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 412749, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "page_number": 509, "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n## No. 1.\n\n### TRACE \n506 REGE 17 DEC 07,\n\n[November 25.]\n\n#### SECTION 2.\n\n**(No. 229.)**\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received November 25.)\n\nTokió, October 19, 1907.\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 208 of the 27th ultimo, I have the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch from His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen, giving a translation of an amendment in the Provisional Customs Regulations for that port, together with an explanatory Notification which was published at the same time.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) \nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\n#### (No. 57.)\nSir,\n\n##### Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\nVice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, September 28, 1907.\n\nWITH reference to previous correspondence on the subject of the Customs Provisional Regulations for the leased territory of the Kwantung, and more particularly to my despatch No. 49 of the 12th instant, I have the honour to inclose herewith, for your Excellency's information, a translation of an amendment in the aforesaid Regulations which appeared in yesterday's \"Official Gazette.\" With this translation is included another of an explanatory Notification which was published simultaneously. This change virtually represents in fact, though not in name, the establishment of \"native customs,\" and will, it is hoped, do something to remedy the unfavourable conditions under which steamer-borne trade has so far competed with that carried by junk.\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) \nHAROLD PARLETT,\n\n##### Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\nAmendment in the Provisional Customs Regulations for the Leased Territory of the Kwantung Province.\n\n**Ordinance No. 53.**\n\nTHE following amendment is made in the Provisional Customs Regulations for the leased territory of the Kwantung Province promulgated in Ordinance No. 38 of June 1907.\n\nSeptember 27, 1907.\n\n(Signed) \nYOSHIMASA OSHIMA, Viscount, \nGovernor-General of the Kwantung.\n\nThe following clause is added to Article 23:-\n\nOn goods imported or exported by junk, with the exception of those articles specified in the separate Table appended herewith, duty shall be levied at the rate of half that payable under the old Chinese Tariff.\n\n`[2732 bb-2]`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 415657, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-350 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 352, "title": "CO129-350 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "## CONFIDENTIAL\n\nI have now the honour to acquaint you with the result of my action. In so doing, a cursory review of the facts may not be out of place, as the circumstances under which the offence was committed were peculiar. The packages, as you are aware, were shipped by the consignors without notice of any kind being given to the agents of the steamer, and were received on board in ignorance of the fact that they contained explosives; it was only after they had been taken delivery of and were being stowed in the hold that the discovery was made. This occurred late in the evening when the Customs Offices were closed, and the agents, in their anxiety that the steamer should not be delayed, hurriedly decided to allow her to proceed and to report the matter to you the first thing the following morning, which they did. In taking this responsibility upon themselves, there is no question they placed themselves in the wrong and were guilty of a serious irregularity, but that they had any intention to defraud the Customs, or to commit a deliberate breach of Regulations, cannot, I think, be imputed to them.\n\nThe action of the master, on the other hand, is less excusable; it was his duty to see that no contraband cargo was admitted on board his vessel without proper documents, and, as I informed Messrs. Cornabe, Eckford and Co., the fact that they appeared to have thought that the matter could be set right by reporting the irregularity to you the following morning by no means exonerated him from blame, or relieved him of his liability to punishment.\n\nWhen the case was first brought to my notice, as you are aware, I was strongly of the opinion that the real offenders were the American naval authorities, as it was admittedly owing to negligence on their part that the mistake arose, and hence I considered that the proper course was to seize, and, if necessary, confiscate the stores; but, however we may regard this view of the case, there is no denying that the Treaty imposes upon the master of a vessel, and on him alone, the responsibility for any breach of regulation that takes place on board his ship, and I thought it only right, therefore, to bring this fact to the notice of Messrs. Cornabe, Eckford and Co., to whom I explained that were the case to come before me judicially, I should have no option but to enforce the law against the master of the Lienshing. I mentioned to them, however, that neither you nor I were anxious to press the point unduly, and that as you had placed the case in my hands to deal with as I thought best, so long as a just settlement were arrived at, I would advise them to submit to any decision I might come to, otherwise, I added, the case would have to be brought into Court. Messrs. Cornabe, Eckford and Co. readily fell in with this proposal, as I fully expected they would do, and this enabled me to at once consider the merits of the case. The conclusion I came to after a review of the evidence was that the master should be called upon to pay a fine of 100 Haikwan taels, which was the sum you considered would meet the gravity of the offence. There was no reason, so far as I could see, why it should be reduced, nor yet increased, and upon my communicating this decision to Messrs. Cornabe, Eckford and Co., they at once sent me a cheque for the amount, and expressed their satisfaction that I had been able to arrange the matter in an amicable way. I trust this solution will also prove satisfactory to you, and in remitting you the fine, I take the opportunity to record my appreciation of the friendly feeling shown by you throughout the conduct of this unpleasant case, and to thank you for the frankness with which you have met me in discussing it.\n\nI should be much obliged by your furnishing me at your convenience with a receipt (in duplicate) for Messrs. Cornabe, Eckford and Co.'s cheque, so that I can forward it to them and thus close the case.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government]\n\n## CHINA TRADE\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[38634]\n\n(No. 239.)\n\nSir,\n\n## No. 1.\n\n[November 25.]\n\n## SECTION 2.\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received November 25.)\n\nTokić, October 28, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 175 of the 26th August last, on the subject of the alleged discrimination of railway rates to Dairen to the detriment of Newchwang.\n\nIt appears that this despatch crossed my No. 194 of the 5th ultimo dealing with the same subject, and, pending the perusal of that despatch by yourself, I have refrained from any further action other than sending your despatch under reply, together with its inclosures, to His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen for any further observations he may have to make.\n\nI have the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch from Mr. Parlett, inclosing a translation of Regulations issued by the South Manchurian Railway Company governing the subject of rebates. These Regulations do not appear to have any important bearing on the question under discussion.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) CLAUDE M. MacDONALD,\n\n## Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nVice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, September 29, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inclose herewith, for your Excellency's information, a translation, which has been sent me by the South Manchurian Railway Company, of the Regulations governing the granting of rebates to persons who pay annually over a certain amount of freight. I have not been supplied with a copy of the original.\n\nJudging from present conditions, it would seem as if some time must elapse before these Regulations can have much practical interest for British merchants here.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) HAROLD G. PARLETT.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) HERBERT F. BRADY.\n\n## Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nRegulations concerning the Allowance of Rebates by the South Manchurian Railway Company. (Translation.)\n\n### ARTICLE 1.\n\nThe South Manchurian Railway Company will allow rebates at the following rates to persons who pay large freight charges yearly by shipping great quantities of goods:\n\n| Freight Charges (Yen) | Rebate Rate |\n| --- | --- |\n| Under 150,000 over 100,000 | |\n| 200,000 - 150,000 | 8/100 |\n| 250,000 - 200,000 | 35/1000 |\n| 300,000 - 250,000 | 1 |\n| 350,000 - 300,000 | 4/100 |\n| 400,000 - 350,000 | 15/1000 |\n| 450,000 - 400,000 | 5/100 |\n| 500,000 - 450,000 | 55/1000 |\n| Over 500,000 | 7/100 |\n\n12724 b6--2] \n350", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-350 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 415771, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-350 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 466, "title": "CO129-350 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "2\n\nI have, therefore, the honour to forward a set of these experimental Rules issued by the Revenue Council, and to request your Excellency to issue instructions for their observance.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nགྲྭ\n\nCHINA TRADE.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[41897]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n463-\n\n5508\n\n[December 23]\n\nSECTION 2.\n\nJ4 FEE OS\n\nProvisional Regulations for the Transport of Foreign or Native Goods to the newly opened Ports of Manchuria.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nALL foreign goods on which import duty has been paid at Tien-tsin, Newchwang, Antung, or Tairen, or native goods on which coast trade half-duty has been paid, unless they are to be transported into the interior either under Inward Transit Pass or paying duty and li-kin at custom-houses or barriers en route at the option of the merchant, and as provided by the Rules hitherto in force, if intended for transport by whatever means of conveyance to the newly opened ports in Manchuria, may be provided with a special certificate exempting them from further charges. Such special certificates shall be stamped in accordance with the Regulations, and shall be surrendered within two months. On every application for such special certificates shall be stated over the signature of the applicant the name of the port of destination, and that unless proof of the arrival of the goods at the port of destination is produced within the time allowed at custom-house where the application was made, three times the half-duty shall be paid. An annual bond may be executed in the same terms and deposited with the Customs, to save the inconvenience of executing a bond on every occasion. In the case of foreign merchants the bond shall be sealed by the Consul, and in the case of Chinese by the Customs. Any one who has not executed an annual bond must put in a signed application on each occasion.\n\nForms for bonds and applications shall be fixed by the Customs.\n\n2. Goods transported under special certificate to the newly opened ports of Manchuria, in order to be in order, must correspond with the description of them given in the application. If they do not so correspond, they shall be regarded as having no special certificate, and besides the penalty of three times the half-duty on the entire quantity due at the custom-house where the application was made, the goods shall be liable to confiscation on arrival at the port of destination.\n\n(No. 262.) Sir,\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received December 23.)\n\nTokió, November 20, 1907. WITH reference to your despatch No. 175 of the 26th August, and my despatch No. 239 of the 28th October last, on the subject of the alleged discrimination in railway rates on the South Manchurian Railway in favour of Dairen at the expense of Newchwang, I have the honour to transmit copy of a despatch from the British Vice-Consul at Dairen, to whom your despatch No. 175 was referred.\n\nIt will be observed that Mr. Parlett states that no outward discrimination can be said to exist since the Manchurian Railway Company took over the line from the military authorities. It is true, however, as previously reported, that Dairen is in a much more favoured position with regard to Newchwang than would be the case if freights were strictly regulated by mileage.\n\n(No. 81.) Sir,\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nVice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, November 13, 1907. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Excellency's despatch No. 20 of the 31st October, with inclosure in original.\n\nThe China Association, in its letter of the 25th June to the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, is alluding presumably to the conditions which existed while the South Manchurian Railway was still in the hands of the military authorities. The Japanese themselves confess that Dairen was then favoured at the expense of Newchwang, but when the present Railway Company took possession of the line, and put into force its own freight tariff, a translation of which was inclosed in my despatch No. 34 of the 25th June, this system of discrimination, outwardly, at all events, ceased.\n\nFor the convenience of the Foreign Office and of your Excellency, I have the honour to forward herewith a fresh translation of the table of charges for whole cars. It differs from the first only in being slightly fuller, more easily read, and in having the names of stations written with their Chinese instead of their Japanese pronunciation--the latter having been abandoned by the Railway Company.\n\nA cursory glance will show that as far as Hsintaitsu, which is a short distance beyond Mukden (Fengtien), there is an advantage, though not so great as the mileage would warrant, in favour of Newchwang (Yinkow). From Tiehling northwards to Kwangchengtzu, the terminus, the tariff is exactly the same for both ports.\n\nOnly in the case of goods not sent by car-load is the freight calculated by distance, and then the advantage--an unimportant one, because no appreciable amount of merchandize is likely to travel in that manner--is in favour of Newchwang.\n\nIt will thus be seen that the statement made in the China Association's letter, to the effect that beyond Mukden everything was in favour of Dairen, is no longer correct.\n\nI shall make it my duty to watch carefully for evidence of any action on the part of the railway savouring of partiality.\n\n[2765 -2]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-350 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 415772, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-350 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 467, "title": "CO129-350 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "## The following despatches are returned herewith:-\n\nForeign Office, No. 175; Peking, No. 274; China Association, June 25; Foreign Office to Board of Trade, July 10; Board of Trade to Foreign Office, August 13; Foreign Office to Board of Trade, August 28, 1907.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **HAROLD G. PARLETT**,\n\n## Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\n(Translation.)\n\n### TABLE of Freight Charges for whole Cars.\n\n| Station | From and to Dairen | | | From and to Yinkow | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | 1st Class, Yen per ton | 2nd Class, Yen per ton | 3rd Class, Yen per ton | 1st Class, Yen per ton | 2nd Class, Yen per ton | 3rd Class, Yen per ton |\n| Talien Choushuitzn | 6.30 | 4.50 | 3.28 | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.36 |\n| Nankwanling | 6.13 | 4.38 | 3.14 | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.36 |\n| Tafangshen | 5.95 | 4.25 | 3.05 | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.36 |\n| Chinchou | 5.78 | 4.13 | 2.96 | ... | ... | ... |\n| Saushilipu | ... | ... | ... | 0.88 | 0.63 | 0.45 |\n| Puliantien | 5.60 | 4.00 | 2.87 | 1.23 | 0.88 | 0.63 |\n| Wafangtien.. | 5.08 | 3.63 | 2.60 | 1.75 | 1.25 | 0.90 |\n| Teliszu | 4.73 | 3.38 | 2.42 | 2.28 | 1.68 | 1.17 |\n| Wanchialing | 4.03 | 2.88 | 2.06 | 2.80 | 2.00 | 1.44 |\n| Hsiung Yueching | 3.68 | 2.63 | 1.88 | 3.33 | 2.38 | 1.71 |\n| Kaiping | 3.15 | 2.25 | 1.61 | 4.03 | 2.98 | 2.07 |\n| Tashichiao.. | 2.45 | 1.75 | 1.25 | 4.55 | 3.25 | 2.34 |\n| Haicheng | 1.75 | 1.25 | 0.89 | 5.25 | 3.75 | 2.70 |\n| Tangkangtzu | 1.40 | 1.00 | 0.70 | 5.95 | 4.25 | 3.06 |\n| Aachangchang | 2.45 | 1.75 | 1.23 | 6.48 | 4.63 | 3.33 |\n| Liaoyang | 3.50 | 2.50 | 1.75 | 6.65 | 4.75 | 3.42 |\n| Changtaitzu.. | 3.85 | 2.75 | 1.93 | 7.35 | 5.25 | 3.78 |\n| Yentai | 5.25 | 3.75 | 2.63 | 7.53 | 5.38 | 3.87 |\n| Suchiatan | 5.60 | 4.00 | 2.80 | 7.88 | 5.63 | 4.05 |\n| Fengtien (Mukden) | 6.30 | 4.50 | 3.15 | 8.40 | 6.00 | 4.32 |\n| Hushitai | 7.30 | 5.20 | 3.65 | 8.75 | 6.25 | 4.50 |\n| Hsintaitzu | 7.90 | 5.60 | 3.95 | 9.10 | 6.50 | 4.68 |\n| Tiebling | 8.50 | 6.00 | 4.25 | 9.63 | 6.88 | 4.95 |\n| Kaiyuan | 9.40 | 6.60 | 4.70 | 10.60 | 7.40 | 5.30 |\n| Changtu | 10.60 | 7.40 | 5.30 | 11.45 | 7.98 | 5.73 |\n| Shuangmiaotzu | 11.45 | 7.96 | 5.73 | 12.22 | 8.46 | 6.11 |\n| Szupingchieh | 12.22 | 8.46 | 6.11 | 12.65 | 8.74 | 6.33 |\n| Kuociaten | 12.65 | 8.74 | 6.32 | 13.03 | 8.98 | 6.52 |\n| Kangohuling | 13.03 | 8.98 | 6.51 | 13.60 | 9.35 | 6.80 |\n| Fanchiatung | 13.60 | 9.35 | 6.80 | 13.86 | 9.52 | 6.93 |\n| Mengchiatung | 13.86 | 9.51 | 6.93 | 14.30 | 9.80 | 7.15 |\n| Changchung | 14.30 | 9.80 | 7.16 | 14.44 | 9.88 | 7.22 |\n| Kwangchengtzu | 14.44 | 9.88 | 7.22 | 14.49 | 9.91 | 7.24 |\n| Yingchengtzu | 14.49 | 9.91 | 7.24 | 14.52 | 9.93 | 7.25 |\n| Lushun (Port Arthur) | 14.52 | 9.93 | 7.25 | 0.88 | 0.63 | 0.45 |\n| Yinkow | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.36 | 6.48 | 4.73 | 3.32 |\n| Hsienchi Chai | 7.00 | 5.10 | 3.59 | 9.63 | 6.88 | 4.95 |\n| Fushun | 9.63 | 6.88 | 4.95 | 9.40 | 6.60 | 4.70 |\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n**CHINA TRADE, CONFIDENTIAL, [1043]**\n\n## No. 1.\n\n### Foreign Office to Board of Trade, [January 15.]\n\n## SECTION 2.\n\nSir,\n\nForeign Office, January 15, 1908.\n\nWITH reference to the letter from this Department of the 25th November, 1907, I am directed by Secretary Sir E. Grey to transmit to you, to be laid before the Board of Trade, a copy of a despatch from His Majesty's Minister at Peking on the subject of the proposed Chinese Regulations for the registration of trade-marks.\n\nThis matter is not being pursued at present, pending the conclusion of an Arrangement with Japan for the mutual protection of British and Japanese trade-marks in China.\n\nAs you are aware, a draft Convention has been put forward by the Japanese Government in this latter connection, but, pending the receipt of the Board's observations thereon in reply to the letter from this Department of the 6th ultimo, no answer has been returned to the Japanese Government.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed) **F. A. CAMPBELL**.\n\n*Sir J. Jordan, No. 551, November 26, 1907.* \n\nPage 464", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-350 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416097, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 262, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[9069]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[March 16.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n(No. 35.) Sir,\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received March 16.)\n\nTokió, February 18, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith a résumé which I have received from His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen of the Report on the first six months' working of the South Manchurian Railway, i.e., from April to September 1907, together with the speech delivered by Baron Goto, President of the Railway, at the general meeting of shareholders.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nReport on the first six months' working of the South Manchuria Railway, i.e., from April to September 1907.\n\nRésumé of Baron Goto's Speech at the last General Meeting of the Shareholders of the South Manchuria Railway Company.\n\nTHE enterprises in which the Railway Company is interested are, as is generally known, in addition to the railway itself and mines, undertakings in connection with bays and harbours, local settlements, electric plant and enterprises, hotels, &c.\n\nIn accordance with the instructions received from the Imperial Government, the work of doubling the track between Dairen and Suchiatun, as well as that of converting the whole of the main line to broad gauge, was taken in hand in June 1907.\n\nIn doubling the track the work was divided into fifteen sections. Work on the first, between Dairen and Nankwanlin, was completed in the middle of August. The other sections are either three-fifths or two-fifths completed, the work on them being now in full swing. The broadening of the gauge is being carried out on the three-track principle, that is to say, a fresh single line of rail is laid down alongside the existing line. When the work is completed, one of the lines of the narrow gauge will be removed, and thus no time will be wasted or inconvenience caused in the process of changing from narrow to broad gauge. The broad-gauge branch line between Dairen and Port Arthur is actually finished, as also is that between Nankwanlin and Tashichiao. Work on the rest of the line is in progress, and should be completed in May or June 1908.\n\nThe locomotives, cars, &c., ordered abroad for use on the new broad-gauge line are arriving steadily, and the work of setting them up is carried on day and night with all speed. The body of this Report will show what results have been achieved in this direction. Experimental broad-gauge traffic is in progress on the Dairen-Port Arthur section.\n\nFushun Mines-When the Company took over these mines there were about thirty altogether being worked, and during the period under review exertions have been made to ascertain which of them promise a profitable return. Investigations are also being made to discover new mines, experiments having been carried out in the vicinity of those already in existence. The object is to develop this branch of our enterprise to its fullest extent. Of the machinery we need part has already arrived, the balance is in course of being ordered. As soon as this is received it is hoped that an advance commensurate with our hopes will be made.\n\nThe Yentai mines have also been inspected with certain others, but the results of this inspection are not yet to hand.\n\nLocal Settlements. These demand a word of explanation. When the railway came into possession of them all matters connected with sanitation, public works, education,\n\n[2880 q--1]\n\nPage 259", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416098, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 263, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "2 \n\nand public undertakings generally were under the control of a so-called \"Settlers' Assemblies\"; but in September the Railway Company issued new Regulations putting things on a firm and assured basis. In October branch offices of the Company were established at Mukden, Changchun, Liaoyang, and other important places to take over the functions of these Settlers' Assemblies. Thus the development of local settlements is directly fostered, and we hope presently to mark in this direction progress proportionate to our hopes.\n\nAs to other enterprises, on the 1st July the Yamato Hotel was opened at Dairen, to be followed presently by similar establishments at Port Arthur, Mukden, Changchun, and other places, where preparations are being actively hastened.\n\nHospitals have also been founded, and work in connection with harbours and bays taken in hand.\n\nThen there are the Dairen wharves. These were taken over by the Company, an action which at the time caused some dissatisfaction, which has now, however, disappeared.\n\nThere still remain undertakings, some of which have been actually taken in hand; others are under investigation. Satisfactory progress is being made in all.\n\nTurning to the actual working of the various enterprises during the period under consideration, it will be found that the total receipts from all sources amount to over 5,002,000 yen (502,000l. circ.). Of this sum, 4,093,000 yen odd (409,300l. circ.) come from the railway, and 647,000 yen (64,700l. circ.) from mines.\n\nThe main line contributes 3,974,000 yen (397,400l. circ.), making a daily average per mile of 41·72 yen (41s. 3d. circ.) On the Mukden-Antung line the receipts came to 119,000 yen (11,900l. circ.), an average of 34·7 yen (7s. circ.) per mile per day. The daily average on the whole line amounts to 31·59 yen (31s. 3d. circ.) per diem. Disbursements on the main line total 2,423,000 yen (242,300l. circ.), on the Antung-Mukden, 333,000 yen (33,300l. circ.), thus making a daily average per mile on the main line of 25·45 yen (25s. 11d. circ.), on the Antung-Mukden line of 9·71 yen (19s. circ.).\n\nThe amount of coal taken from the Fushun mines during the period under review comes to 94,000 tons. If to this be added what was taken over at the time of the transfer, we get a gross total of 113,000 tons. The daily output, which at the moment of taking over was from 350 to 400 tons a-day, has now risen to over 600 tons. Mines receipts amount to 647,000 yen (64,700l. circ.), and expenditure to 348,000 yen (34,800l. circ.). To these sums should be added the receipts on other enterprises, shown in Appendix I. If we add them to the sums already given, we reach a grand total of over 5,002,000 yen (500,200l. circ.) receipts, and 4,073,000 yen (407,300l. circ.) expenditure. As will be noticed, it is the main line and the mines that are the great contributors to the Company's revenue, and it is they that have to make good our deficits on the Antung-Mukden line and other unprofitable enterprises.\n\nDebentures to the amount of 40,000,000 yen (4,000,000l. circ.), half of the 80,000,000 yen worth contemplated, were issued in London in July, after the financial conditions prevailing in Europe and America had been taken into consideration. The Crédit Mobilier of Japan, and the other institutions charged with the floating of these bonds, obtained the best terms possible.\n\nKwanchengisu Station.—By agreement Russia and Japan hold this station jointly, half of it having been handed over to Russia in return for 560,393 roubles paid by way of compensation. This money was handed over to the Yokohama Specie Bank Office in Shanghae, acting as the South Manchuria Railway Company's agents, by the Russo-Chinese Bank on the 23rd August last. As to the station itself, arrangements for linking up the two systems were made by agents appointed on each side. The result is a temporary Changchun station (called generally Hsi-Kwanchengtzu) where passengers and freight are shifted from one line to the other.\n\nCurrency. On the 1st of October last the Company changed its accounts from a silver to a gold basis, a proceeding which caused some comment where none was necessary. In acting thus the Company had no intention to run counter to any policy of the Government; it consulted simply its own convenience, taking into consideration the general state of the currency in Manchuria, and the fact that the number of gold yen in circulation had increased. Silver accounts were thus inconvenient. Silver money will, however, be taken by the Company in payment, though its rates are calculated in terms of gold.\n\nHsinmingtun.—The impression is that the connection of the Hsinmingtun-Mukden line with the Indo-Chinese railway system will mean the deflection of our profits. That is a mistaken view. Competition we must expect, but our accounts prove that the railway can take care of its own profits.\n\n1\n\n3\n\nRésumé of Report.\n\nGeneral Affairs.\n\nThe property invested in the Company by the Japanese Government as shares comprises the following items :-\n\n1. The Dairen-Changchun line, the Nankwaulin-Port Arthur line, the Tafangshen-Liushutun line, the Tashichiao-Yinkow line, the Entai-Entai Colliery line, the Suchiatun-Fushun line, and the Mukden-Antung line.\n\n2. The Fushun coal mines.\n\n3. All machinery, materials, &c., in use on the aforesaid lines at the time of their handing over, with the machinery, materials, &c., in use on the Mukden-Hsinmingtun line.\n\n4. All lands, buildings, and accessories of the railway inside or outside the leased territory, with all land, buildings, and accessories of the mines.\n\nMr. Z. Nakamura, having been appointed Chief Civil Administrator of the Kwantung Province on the 25th April, 1907, was on the same day relieved of his post as Vice-President of the South Manchuria Railway Company. On the 1st May, however, he was appointed Acting Vice-President.\n\nSimultaneously with taking over the other line of the railway, the Company received the branch line running from Mukden to Hsinmingtun. This remained in their possession till the 1st June, when, in accordance with the Agreement concluded between the Japanese and Chinese Governments on the subject of this line and the Changchun-Kirin line, it was handed back to the Chinese Government.\n\nOn the 19th July, 1907, debenture bonds amounting to 4,000,000l. in value were floated in London, under the guarantee of the Japanese Government.\n\nThe conditions were as follows:——\n\n1. Bonds of 100l. face value to be issued at 97%.\n\n2. Bonds to be redeemed in twenty-five years' time (irredeemable for the first ten years).\n\n3. Interest, payable on the 5th February and the 5th July each year, to be at the rate of 5 per cent.\n\n4. Bonds to be of the face values of 20l., 100l., 200l..\n\nThe station at Kwangchengtzu, with the line south of it, and the mines, &c., thereto attached, were handed over to the representative of the South Manchuria Railway on the 18th July, 1907, and the indemnity payable by Russia in connection with this station to Japan, in accordance with the Agreement signed at St. Petersburgh in June 1907, amounting to 560,393 roubles, was paid into the Shanghae branch of the Yokohama Specie Bank, acting as the Railway Company's agent, on the 23rd August, 1907, by the Russo-Chinese Bank.\n\nThe number of shareholders at the end of the period under review was 7,355, as compared with 9,056 at the end of the preceding period. This shows a decrease of 1,701.\n\nRailways.\n\n(a.) Laying of Track.\n\nMain Line. The first work begun was in June, when the Dairen station yard, the eastern wharf, and the filling up of the pond near the wharf, were taken in hand. Subsequently work was commenced on the line itself, the doubling of the track between Dairen and Suchiatun being undertaken as well as the broadening of the gauge.\n\nDoubling of the Track. The 238 m. 65 ch. under consideration were for this purpose divided into fifteen sections. Work is now in progress on eleven (178 m. 34 ch.). The Dairen-Nankwanlin section (11 m. 44 ch.) was completed in August. The Nankwanlin-Tashichiao section (148 miles) and the Nankwanlin-Port Arthur portion (29 m. 48 ch.) are almost completed, while the Ma-i-tun to Chugtaitzu part and the Suchiatun-Mukden section are actually finished. Altogether about three-fifths of the\n\n260", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416099, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 264, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "261\n\nwork is done. The Fushun line, having originally only been laid down for temporary use, required absolute relaying.\n\nThe work of making embankments, bridges, and earthworks generally commenced in the middle of August, the line for this purpose being divided into three sections.\n\nWith the receipt of the 5 m. 14 ch. south of Kwangchengtzu the work of converting the existing track to narrow gauge was taken in hand at once. A temporary station of Changchun (Hsi-Kwancheugtzu) was established at the same time at a point on the line 437 m. 17 ch. distant from Dairen, while a branch line was laid to the town of Changchun proper from a point on the line distant 435 m. 2 ch. from Dairen. The earthworks, &c., on this particular part are finished, and part of the new track has been laid.\n\nIn the meanwhile, at Dairen itself arrangements were being made for laying down broad-gauge trucks for the reception of the newly-arriving locomotives and cars. In addition, sheds were erected for their storage not only at Dairen, but also at Liaoyang and Tichling. Work in connection with the installation of new signal boxes, &c., was also started at all stations, and alterations made in the latter according to their relative importance.\n\nMulden-Antung Line.--Alterations were made in nine stations and temporary platforms were in places lengthened.\n\nLocomotives and Cars.\n\nThe following are the details of the locomotives and cars put together during the period under review :—\n\n \n Classification.\n Broad Gauge,\n Narrow Gauge,\n Total\n \n \n Locomotives\n \n 8\n 8\n \n \n Gondola cars..\n 181\n \n 181\n \n \n Flat cars\n 21\n \n 21\n \n \n Caboose cars\n 5\n \n 5\n \n \n Total\n 218\n 10\n \n \n \n Special passenger cars\n \n 6\n 6\n \n \n 2nd class cars\n \n A\n \n \n \n 3rd class cars\n \n \n \n \n \n Goods cars\n \n 25\n 25\n \n \n Grand total\n \n \n 248\n \n \n \n 5\n \n \n \n\nHarbours, Bays, &c.\n\nThe survey of the harbour of Dairen was started on the 29th June, 1907, the total area under consideration being 8,200 yards by 1,500 yards.\n\nOf this 6,600 yards by 1,500 yards are completed.\n\nFor purposes of examination of the sea bottom, the area between the wharf inside the breakwater and the Chinese town was divided into 100 sections approximately. Work was started in July, and on forty sections has been concluded.\n\nWharves, &c.\n\nRepairs have been made in the sea wall of the Dairen wharf, fenders placed for the protection of ships, and the rail tracks for the transportation of merchandize increased. When the Company came into possession nine sheds were taken over, three new ones, covering an area of 1,064 \"tsubo,\" have been built, and still five are in course of construction.\n\nWorkshops.\n\nWorkshops have been established at Dairen, Liaoyang, Kunshuling, and at Antung. The one at Dairen attends to shipping repairs, and takes outside orders in addition to the regular railway work.\n\nUnder this heading the most noteworthy features are the erection of a new shop at Dairen, and the enlargement of that at Liaoyang by 273 \"tsubo.\" A new carpenter's shop has also been built at the latter place, while at Kunshuling there is a new forge covering 123 \"tsubo.\"\n\nHotels.\n\nAt Dairen the most suitable building for the purpose among those in our possession was converted into an hotel, and opened to business on the 1st August. Besides this, hotels are either in course of erection or under consideration at Port Arthur, Changchun, and Mukden.\n\nBuildings.\n\nAbout 5,000 buildings, covering an area of 220,000 \"tsubo,\" came into possession of the Company with the railway. Repairs and additions for office purposes, and for quarters for the employés of the railway, were everywhere necessary.\n\nThe following are the chief items of repairs or alterations :--\n\n \n Offices repaired\n 53\n \n \n enlarged\n 8 (150 \"tsubo\")\n \n \n Quarters repaired\n 441\n \n \n Annexes enlarged\n 56 (264 \"tsubo\")\n \n\nElectric Enterprises.\n\nThe number of poles for communication purposes taken over by the Company on the main line was 5,974, on the branch lines 1,020, with 2,181 miles of wires laid and 283 installations in existence.\n\nIn Dairen the Company also took over an electric light plant with its accessories. The following shows the principal items of work done under this heading during the period under review :-\n\n1. Repairing of telephone call offices.\n\n2. 1,814 poles were erected between Suchiatun and Hsienchinchai (34 m. 10 ch.).\n\n3. The work of laying new wires between Tiehling and Szupingchieh (72 m. 72 ch.) and Szupingchieh and Menchiatun (66 m. 18 ch.) was taken in hand, 1,398 poles being erected. In addition, 482 miles of wire were laid along the main line in various localities and installations placed at sixty-three localities. Surveys were also completed over 183 miles.\n\nFinally, arrangements have been made for the supply of electric light in Dairen.\n\nRepairs have also been made at the main office at Dairen, as well as at stations along the line as far as Tashichiao.\n\nLocal Enterprises.\n\nIn addition to the changes referred to in the Settlers' Assemblies, mentioned in the opening remarks of the President of the Company, surveys have been made at Changchun, Kunshuling, Tiehling, Liaoyang, Tashichiao, Wanchienling, Wafangtien, and Dairen.\n\nAt the latter place repairs to roads, drains, &c., have been executed.\n\nAn hospital has been opened at Dairen, with a branch at Hsienchinchai and agencies at Wafangtien, Tashichiao, Liaoyang, Mukden, Tiehling, Kunshuling, Antung, and Tsaohokou. There are also nursing stations at Shichiaotzu and Chikwauchan. Suitable precautions have been likewise taken in matters relating to sanitation.\n\nSchools.\n\nSuitable assistance has been rendered to the Settlers' Assemblies at Wafangtien and Liaoyang, with the result that elementary schools have been opened at those two places. Further developments in this direction may be expected.\n\n[2880 g-1]\n\n0\n\nnaye མ\"\n\n1", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416101, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 266, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "Classification.\n\nTaken over in April.\n\nNow in existence.\n\nIncrease\n\nor\n\nDecrease -\n\nFreight cars-\n\nNarrow--\n\nUnroofed bogie, with brake\n\n491\n\n500\n\nRoofed cars\n\n1,535\n\n1,405\n\nUnroofed..\n\n1,774\n\n1,754\n\n11+\n\n6\n\n180 20\n\nBroad-\n\nUnroofed..\n\n184\n\n+ 184\n\nWithout flaps\n\n21\n\n+ 21\n\nTotal (main line)\n\n4,190\n\n4,370\n\n+ 180\n\nMukden-Antung Line.\n\nLocomotives--\n\n6-wheeled tank, large size\n\n43\n\n,2\n\nsmall size\n\nTotal\n\nPassenger cars—\n\n2-ton cars\n\n5-ton\n\n55\n82\n\n27\n55\n82\n\n::\n9\n21\n30\n\n+\n9\n+ 21\n+\n\nTotal\n\nFreight cars-\n\n2-ton roofed\n\n29\n\n+ 29\n\n2-ton unroofed 5-ton\n\n421\n\n383\n\n38\n\n230\n\n209\n\n21\n\nTotal (Mukden-Antung)\n\n733\n\n733\n\nGrand total\n\n4,923\n\n5,105\n\n+180\n\n9\n263\n\nIn September, when Chanchun became the north terminal station, a further reduction was made to twenty-seven hours thirty minutes.\n\nThe average speed is now consequently 15.792 miles per hour.\n\nThe journey from Dairen to Port Arthur, which originally took three hours fifteen minutes, is now accomplished in two hours twenty-five minutes.\n\nMovements of Locomotives.\n\nThe mileage covered by locomotives on the main line during the period under review was 1,363,462, which works out for the 183 days at an average of 7,450 per diem.\n\nAccidents on the Line.\n\nThe following is a Casualty Return for the period under review :--\n\nCollisions..\n35\n\nTrains stopped on route\n\nTrains upset\n5\n\nAxles catching fire..\n\nTrains derailed\n20\n\nCases of locomotives getting out of order\n73\n\nAttacks by Hunghutzu Various\n\nCars or carriages ditto\n93\n\nCases of accident (act of God)\n12\n\nDitto (malicious, or of human agency)\n7\n\nTotal\n92\n102\n9\n99\n556\n\nDuring the same period nineteen persons met their death and fifty-five were injured along the line.\n\nElectric Plant.\n\nThe amount of electric power generated during the period under review amounted to 297,965 kilowatts per hour, used as follows :--\n\nLighting purposes\n277,607 kilowatts per hour.\n\nElectric power\n20,358\n\"\n\nNumber of electric lights\n6,486 (16-candle).\n\nFuel consumed in producing electric power\n2,188 tons.\n\nWharves, &c.\n\nThere were sold to the Chinese Government on the occasion of the transfer of the Hsinmingtun line, three locomotives, one 2nd class passenger car, four 3rd class passenger cars, and fifty freight cars.\n\nRepaired-\n\nLocomotives and Cars repaired or altered.\n\nNarrow gauge-\n\nLocomotives\n86\n\nPassenger cars\n146\n\nFreight cars\n1,484\n\nTotal\n1,716\n\nMukden-Autung-\n\nLocomotives\n11\n\nPassenger cars\n57\n\nFreight cars\n503\n\nTotal\n571\n\nAltered---\n\nTotal\n\nOn main line\nMukden-Antung line\n\n41\n1\n45\n\nWhen business was commenced by the Company at Dairen, the Regulations hitherto in force at the Dairen Wharf were for the time being maintained. Various tugs and lighters were borrowed from the military and naval authorities and used for the benefit of shipping generally. In August the Company, having received the necessary requisites from the Military Transportation Bureau, started supplying the shipping with fresh water, and on the 15th September new Regulations concerning the wharf, shipping, and the handling of cargo were drawn up.\n\n(Note. By these Regulations, which came into force in October, the Company took into its own hands the entire handling of cargo, a proceeding which caused considerable discontent at the time.)\n\nThe following Table shows the amount of cargo handled during the period under review:-\n\nMonth.\nCargo loaded.\nCargo discharged.\n\nApril\nTons.\nTons.\n\nMay\n25,629\n17,864\n\nJune\n80,032\n25,033\n\nJuly\n82,288\n44,014\n\nAugust\n19,321\n22,970\n\nSeptember\n5,695\n49,059\n\nTotal\n4,303\n44,328\n\n117,288\n203,268\n\nRate of Speed.\n\nThe distance between Dairen and Menchiatun (431 miles) took under the old system thirty-eight hours thirty-two minutes to cover, the average speed being 11.215 miles per hour; but in July a change was made, and the journey was shortened to twenty-nine hours fifty minutes, the average speed being 14.504 miles per hour.\n\nTotal of cargo loaded and discharged, 320,556 tons.\n\nNote. In addition to the above, there was loaded for the Company's own use merchandise to the amount of 131,819 tons.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416102, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 267, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "The following is a Table of fees levied on shipping :-\n\n \n Month.\n Number of Ships.\n Tonnage.\n Fees.\n \n \n April\n 86\n 124,401\n £953\n \n \n May\n 101\n 131,256\n 1,080\n \n \n June\n 98\n 126,523\n 1,778\n \n \n July\n 94\n 116,096\n 1,416\n \n \n August\n 73\n 115,442\n 1,859\n \n \n September\n 58\n 106,219\n 2,100\n \n \n Total\n 510\n 749,937\n 9,185\n \n\nDuring this period 7,334 tons of water were supplied to shipping at a rate of 21/7.\n\n \n Repairs to Ships.\n \n \n \n Docked.\n Not Docked.\n \n \n Number.\n \n \n \n \n Company's ships..\n 4\n 10\n \n \n Other ships\n 13\n 24\n \n \n Tons.\n \n \n \n \n \n 626 4,600\n 318 32,005\n \n \n Total\n 17 5,235\n 34 32,418\n \n\nHotels.\n\nHotel receipts at Dairen during the months of September and October amounted to £1,645, the number of guests stopping at the hotel during this period being 125.\n\nLand and Buildings in Local Settlements.\n\nLand actually determined as being part of the Company's property :-\n\n \n Locality.\n Area (\"Tsubo.\")\n \n \n Inside leased territory\n 6,580,252\n \n \n Outside leased territory\n 42,807,068\n \n \n Antung\n 1,522,350\n \n \n Total\n 50,909,670\n \n\nHouses and buildings actually determined as being part of the Company's property:-\n\n \n Locality.\n Number.\n Area (\"Tsubo.\")\n \n \n Inside leased territory\n 1,206\n 52,082\n \n \n Outside leased territory\n 3,481\n 156,522\n \n \n Stations along Antung-Mukden line\n 294\n 5,783\n \n \n Total\n 4,981\n 214,282\n \n\n \n \n Land Let.\n \n \n \n \n Administrative Area,\n Number of Localities.\n Area.\n Rent.\n \n \n Direct\n 100\n 489,225 \"Tsubo.\"\n £29\n \n \n Tashichiso\n 21\n 2,456,949\n 899\n \n \n Liaoyang\n 1\n 60,000\n 11\n \n \n Mukden\n 14\n 1,521,579\n 172\n \n \n Tickling\n 4\n 27\n ...\n \n \n Kunshuling\n 27\n 731,080\n 847,429\n \n \n Antung\n 51\n 519\n 106\n \n \n Total\n 277\n 7,228,084\n 1,857\n \n\n \n Miscellaneous-\n \n \n \n \n \n Number.\n Area (\"Tsubo.\")\n \n \n \n Direct\n 3\n 17,565\n \n \n \n Tashichian\n 6\n 94,770\n 23\n \n \n Liaoyang\n 4\n 30,000\n 100\n \n \n Mukden\n ...\n 250\n 2\n \n \n Tiehling\n \n \n \n \n \n Kunshuling\n \n \n \n \n \n Antung\n \n \n \n \n \n Total\n 13\n 142,585\n 131\n \n \n Grand total\n 302\n 7,420,146\n 2,119\n \n\n \n Buildings Let.\n \n \n \n \n \n Administrative Area.\n Number.\n Area (\"Tsubo.\")\n Rent.\n \n \n Direct\n 4\n 109\n £34\n \n \n Toshichino\n 270\n 5,187\n 192\n \n \n Liaoyang\n 100\n 2,886\n 288\n \n \n Mukden\n 19\n 140\n 8\n \n \n Tichling\n 267\n 12\n 4\n \n \n Kunshuling\n 200\n 71\n 11\n \n \n Artung\n 391\n 2\n 8\n \n \n Total\n 618\n 8,790\n \n \n\nWorkshops.--Details of Repairs executed.\n\n \n Class.\n Dairen.\n Liaoyang, Kunshuling, Antung,\n Total.\n \n \n Locomotives\n 58\n 35 1 11\n 105\n \n \n Passenger ears\n 161\n 10 57\n 228\n \n \n Freight cars\n 1,543\n 123 28 503\n 2,580\n \n \n Total\n 1,762\n 163 29 671\n 2,530\n \n \n \n \n 264\n \n \n\nBesides this, various appliances for the Company's own use were repaired, and a certain number of outside orders executed.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416154, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 319, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n315\n\nT3251\n\nCHINA TRADE.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[9078]\n\n(No. 41.) Sir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\n14 APR 08\n\n[March 18.\n\nSECTION 2.\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received March 16.)\n\nTokió, February 19, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch which I have received from His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen on the subject of the customs at that port, and the agitation being raised by certain Japanese merchants in favour of their abolition, or at least suspension, until such time as customs stations are established along the Russian frontier in North Manchuria.\n\nYou will observe that Mr. Parlett states that though in theory the grievance of these merchants is genuine enough, in practice they have hitherto suffered little or no loss from the absence of customs stations in North Manchuria.\n\nThe two representatives delegated by the Dairen merchants to lay their plaint before the Diet reached Tokio the day on which it was reported in all the papers that the long-delayed opening of these custom-houses had at length actually taken place.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) CLAUDE M. MacDONALD.\n\n(No. 12.) Sir.\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nVice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald,\n\nDairen, February 11, 1908.\n\nIN my despatch No. 93 of the 27th December I had the honour to report to your Excellency an attack made by the \"Manshu Nichi Nichi Shimbun\" on the Chinese customs at Dairen. This, shortly after the New Year, developed into an organized crusade which has been carried on with vigour ever since, and in which not only the newspaper just mentioned, but also the \"Ryoto Shimpo,\" the other Dairen daily, and a considerable section of the Japanese mercantile community have played a prominent part.\n\nThe ostensible reasons for this agitation may be classed under two heads--(1) the Chinese customs question on the Russian frontier; and (2) defects in the administration of the Dairen custom-house itself.\n\nThe first is enlarged on in an article from the \"Manshu Nichi Nichi,\" of which a translation is inclosed herewith. There is undoubtedly justice in the Japanese contention that the non-establishment of customs stations on the Russian frontier has placed merchants in a disadvantageous position; but it would seem to be more on account of the tacit bad faith exhibited by the Chinese and the Russians than because of actual damage to their own trade that the Japanese are justified in protesting against the conditions prevailing in the north of Manchuria. It is asserted, for instance, that the absence of customs control enables Russian tobacco to cross the Manchurian frontier and to enter into competition with Japanese on terms which promise to be quite disastrous to the latter; but I am informed that, as a matter of fact, comparatively little Russian tobacco has so far found its way south, and that what does is as a rule of too high a price for consumption by the \"lower classes,\" among whom for the most part Japanese tobacco finds its purchasers. It will also be within your Excellency's recollection from previous despatches of mine that the general question of the tobacco trade is one which has for some time past filled the Japanese with nervousness, and that there is consequently a disposition on their part to exaggerate the successes of their rivals. I think that is certainly the case in this particular instance. Again, it is stated that beans and bean-cake are shipped via Vladivostock to Japan, where they are sold at prices which threaten to destroy the Dairen trade; but I was told two days ago by a foreign merchant interested in this very article and who had just returned from Harbin that the bean-cake of the north is, as a rule, an entirely different article from that sold at this port, and of a quite inferior quality, so that it would naturally sell at a lower price.\n\n[2889 q-2]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416155, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 320, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "price. Granted, however, that in this direction Dairen merchants are suffering loss, it has to be remembered, though this would naturally not appeal to them, that the purchaser in Japan enjoys a corresponding gain. As to other merchandise, it is, at least, doubtful if any great harm has been, or could be for some time, done, though I believe a small quantity of Russian \"prints\" do find their way across the frontier.\n\nThere remains the second cause for complaint, defects in the administration of the Dairen Customs office itself. Of these, one of the chief, it is alleged, is the rigorous examination to which all goods, irrespective of their place of origin or destination, are subjected. The defect is a real one. It is to collect duty on rail-borne produce, not on sea-borne, that the Dairen customs were established, and, as in the case of goods coming from or going oversea, examination is, or should be, mainly for statistical purposes, it is to be regretted that some system less inconvenient to the public than that at present in force cannot be evolved. This point, together with that of the time consumed in complying with formalities, has already been alluded to in the inclosure to my despatch aforementioned. There are other reasons for dissatisfaction; but they do not appear to be of vital importance. The \"Manshu Nichi Nichi,\" for instance, adduces the case of \"dangerous articles\" which, it asserts, cannot now be imported without the special permission of the Chinese Government, to obtain which involves formalities both lengthy and onerous; but, as similar Regulations are in force in other ports, it is difficult to see how people here can hope to be exempted from a rule which is of universal application.\n\nThe \"Ryoto Shimpo\" draws attention (as another shortcoming) to the customs system of levying duty on articles sent by parcels post. A translation of its remarks on the subject, I have the honour to append. There is admittedly justice in them, the customs procedure in this respect having given dissatisfaction in other ports besides Dairen; but the question is, I believe, not by any means an important one.\n\nCareful examination of the papers has not brought to light any other tangible grounds for dissatisfaction, so that the two cardinal points would seem to be—\n\n1. The non-establishment of the customs on the Russian frontier, and\n\n2. The vexatious delays and formalities inflicted on merchants at Dairen.\n\nThe steps taken by the agitators to bring their views to the notice of the authorities are briefly as follows:—\n\nAt the end of January, a meeting took place of the sympathizers with the present movement, when, in addition to members of the Dairen merchant community, there were present representatives from Tiehling and Port Arthur, Mukden having decided to take independent action. The resolution, of which a translation is inclosed, was put before the meeting, and, a rider to the effect that \"all duties already paid should be refunded\" having been added, the two were carried unanimously. Committees for ordinary purposes and for the investigation of the present customs system and its defects were nominated, and two representatives were chosen to proceed to Tôkiô and lay the merchants' case before the Cabinet and the two Houses of the Diet. Petitions were also subsequently sent to the Governor-General of the leased territory, while Mr. Nakamura, the Chief Civil Administrator, who is now in Japan, is reported to have promised before his departure to bring the matter to the notice of the Minister for Foreign Affairs.\n\nIt will be noticed that there is no mention anywhere of Newchwang, though it presumably has suffered too by the failure of the Chinese Government to establish customs stations in North Manchuria.\n\nWhat or who is at the bottom of this agitation it is at present impossible to ascertain with certainty. Judging from the case as presented by the journals in sympathy with the agitators, one is forced to the conclusion that the agitation itself is to a certain extent fictitious; but that, as the Commissioner of Customs seems to believe, it is fomented by one person, a former employé of the Japanese Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, with the sole object of bringing his name before the public, appears somewhat doubtful. I am rather of opinion, though I offer this explanation with diffidence, that resentment at the presence in Dairen of Chinese officials in any shape is the first cause of the present movement. Realizing, however, in their own minds the hopelessness of obtaining the permanent abolition of the customs, the promoters aim actually, and quite apart from the redress of real grievances, at a large curtailment of Mr. Kurosawa's powers and a drastic modification of the Customs Regulations when the latter, which, as your Excellency is aware, are only provisional, are submitted to revision.\n\nIn choosing for the initiation of their agitation the moment when the Diet is in session, they probably assume that no time could be more favourable for the successful stirring up of public opinion and the consequent furthering of their designs.\n\nAs an example of the tone in which the majority of the newspaper comments on this subject have been couched, I have the honour to inclose a translation of a paragraph from the \"Manshu Nichi Nichi\" on the establishment of a Customs Inspection Station at Port Arthur.\n\nThe statements made in the Japan papers during the last few days that the Chinese customs are now actually working in the north are received here with incredulity.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed) HAROLD E. PARLETT.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nExtract from the \"Manshu Nichi Nichi Shimbun.”\n\nTHE INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY IN THE DAIREN CUSTOMS.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nIT is only since it has come to the knowledge of the general public that the Chinese customs in North Manchuria are not yet organized that the voice of dissatisfaction has become loud. In consenting to the establishment within the leased territory of Chinese custom-houses, our Government was influenced by a friendly spirit of concession to China; but it goes without saying that a condition of this concession was the simultaneous establishment in North Manchuria of similar establishments, equality of treatment being thus assured. In other words, on the principle of equal opportunity, it was guaranteed that there should be not the slightest difference in the treatment commercially of subjects of Japan or of Russia. Half-a-year has passed since the Dairen customs were established, and the levying of duties is in full swing here; but at Manchuria and Sungari so miserable is the organization of the Chinese customs that Hence it is the merchandise coming in through that district does so still duty-free. that both merchants and merchandise in South Manchuria are subjected to a very grievous disadvantage, certain of the goods in which traders in this part are being quite unable to compete with the Russian article.\n\nConsider, for instance, tobacco; only when it has paid the required duty to the Russian Chinese customs can Japanese tobacco destined for Manchuria be sent on. Russian tobacco, on the other hand, pays not a penny of duty, comes south over the border, competes along the railway line with our goods, and finally reaches Dairen to endeavour to overthrow us at our very base. Is not this so?\n\nOr consider again beans and bean-cake: Is it not a fact that the articles of this kind which pass through Vladivostock are, notwithstanding the extra freight, sold in Japan at so low a rate that they are in process of completely overthrowing similar articles exported from Dairen?\n\nIt is a fact, in the first place, that the result of the non-establishment of a custom-house at Manchuria is that Japanese imports into Manchuria are thrown into an exceedingly disadvantageous position; and, in the second, though the reasons for this are somewhat complicated, that exports to Japan via Dairen must, because there is no custom-house at Sungari, in Japan itself wage a bitter fight for themselves. If this goes on, it will be difficult to prevent other articles of import or export following the example of tobacco, beans, and bean-cake. For ourselves, we entertain the gloomiest forebodings for the future of Japanese trade with Manchuria. In the north, there is laxity only; in the south, a rigid strictness. By no manner of means can the attitude of the Chinese position be considered an equitable one. To solve the difficulty in accordance, on the one hand, with the friendly action of Japan, which, fully respecting the great principle of promoting friendliness between the two nations, consented to the establishment of a custom-house at Dairen; on the other, in accordance with the principles of equal opportunity between north and south, which principles China proclaims as her own, we would suggest that the least China can do to fulfil her obligations is as follows:—\n\n1. To postpone the levying of duty on goods in South Manchuria until such time as the custom-houses in North Manchuria are organized.\n\n2. To refund all duties which have so far been paid.\n\n(2889 q-2)\n\nB 2\n\n316", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416156, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 321, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "5\n\n4\n\nThis is really but reasonable. China is a mighty country with many and great interests. Rarely indeed have the many small affairs in South Manchuria sufficient importance to be worthy of the consideration of the great officials at Peking. This duty lies with the Commissioner of Customs at Dairen, and he should report the case to the Court at Peking, should devise some suitable plan for the furtherance of the real interests of friendly trade, and exert himself to make the expression \"equality of opportunity\" a reality.\n\nThere has been of late an increase in the number of those matters which, relating to Manchuria, are liable to mistaken interpretation by the general public, and almost invariably they start with this question of the open door and equality of opportunity. It is essential that China, the sovereign ruler of Manchuria, should correct these misconceptions, and prove beyond doubt that equality of opportunity for all nations is a reality. The practical demonstration of the real intention of the Chinese Court and the so arranging that it shall be enforced without mistake or blunder are matters depending on the skill of the Chinese officials, and their responsibility in this direction is of the weightiest. For ourselves we have no doubt as to the experience of the Dairen customs officials or of their appreciation of the great principles at stake. Therefore we have full confidence that they will demonstrate that the open door and equality of opportunity, as also the mutual good feeling of the two nations, are realities. Nevertheless, the fact remains that, owing to the unorganized condition of the customs in North Manchuria, our merchants are in such straits and our trade in so parlous a condition that not a delay can be permitted.\n\nday's\n\nThis being so, we beg their careful attention to the question.\n\n(Initialled)\n\nH. P.\n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nResolution presented at a Meeting of Japanese Merchants on January 30, 1908. (Translation.)\n\nTHE Dairen customs were opened in accordance with the Agreement published in Foreign Office Notification No. 13 on the 1st July, 1907.\n\nSince that date we have without exception paid duty on all goods exported or imported through Dairen. Yet, notwithstanding the notice given our Government by the Chinese on the 7th July last, to the effect that arrangements had been made with the Russian Government for the opening of Chinese customs stations in North Manchuria, the said customs have not, as a matter of fact, yet been opened.\n\nNo duty is levied on merchandise imported into or exported from the north, nor are any formalities required in connection with them. The equality between north and south is thus, and long has been, non-existent, neither is it easy to conjecture when equality of treatment will become a fact. For these reasons this meeting resolves that the levying of duty by the Dairen customs should immediately be suspended.\n\n2. For the furtherance of this our Resolution this meeting will send representatives to Tokio to lay the matter before the Ministers of State and both the Houses of the Diet. The points to be put forward and the manner of their representation shall be left to the discretion of our representatives.\n\n3. Any expenses necessary for the furtherance of the Resolutions of this meeting shall be defrayed by subscription.\n\nRegulations, combine the values of parcels and levy duty accordingly, a proceeding absolutely unwarranted.\n\nWe do not know if the Customs follow this course in order to prevent parcels being split up and thus evading duty; but as, according to the Japanese Parcels Post Regulations, the maximum limit of weight is 1 kwamme 500 me, the splitting up of parcels is in many cases a necessity. The whole proceeding can only be characterized as deliberate disregard on the part of the Customs of the friendly sentiments of our own officials. Moreover, although the Customs combine, for purposes of duty, the value of parcels arriving simultaneously, they do not do so when there is a difference of an hour or so between the arrival of two parcels. The whole thing is unreasonable, and, whichever way it is looked at, the Customs method is illegal, while as for our own postal authorities, they are stupid to allow such action to pass unnoticed.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nInclosure 5 in No. 1.\n\nExtract from the \"Manshu Nichi Nichi Shimbun.\"\n\nTHE CUSTOMS INSPECTION STATION AT PORT ARTHUR.\n\nTHE question of a Chinese Customs inspection station at Port Arthur is now a settled one, but we should like to know all the same what China's idea is in thus interfering inside the Kwantung Peninsula and extending her Customs offices. We find it very hard to understand what she is aiming at. The whole point of the existence of the Customs inside the leased territory has been since the very beginning simply the levying of duty on goods entering Manchuria viâ the leased territory or leaving Manchuria by the same route—absolutely nothing else. Notwithstanding this, the Customs exerts itself right and left to extend its powers, and the result is numerous abuses, with a great deal of inconvenience to merchants generally. It was in October of last year that the Customs inspection station at Petsivo granted to one single firm in the place the monopoly of the Customs agency business. The result was that merchants generally had to make all their applications for customs passes through this one firm, a proceeding which entailed not only a huge amount of formalities, but also much expense and loss. The only persons profiting thereby were the firm aforesaid. As for our own countrymen, they took the fees levied on these customs passes to be levied by the Japanese Government, and were accordingly indignant. That is not all. There have been instances in which merchants who have not been prompt in obtaining these passes have been detained at the custom-house. But in truth we have not time to recite one by one the abuses that exist, and although the lack of regular system in the levying of duties is due not only to the arbitrariness of the lower Customs, but also to mistakes on the part of the Japanese residents of the Kwantung, the Chinese Customs are an absolutely unnecessary institution. To allow their powers, then, to be extended cannot possibly be to the advantage of the friendly relations between Chinese and Japanese or to the benefit of trade. As for the inspection station at Port Arthur there is not the very slightest need for it, and its establishment will simply result in trouble and dissatisfaction. That at least is the opinion of a merchant of our acquaintance.\n\n(Initialled) H. P.\n\nInclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nExtract from the \"Ryoto Shimpo.\"\n\nREMARKS ON THE SUBJECT OF THE PARCELS POST AND THE CUSTOMS.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nTHE system at present followed is this: If two or more than two parcels are sent at the same time by one consignor to one consignee, neither of the said parcels being of the value of 17 taels, duty is levied all the same by lumping the value of the two parcels together. This, too, notwithstanding the fact that the Regulations of the Chinese customs are quite clear on the point that no duty shall be levied on any parcel which is not of the value of 17 taels. Thus the Customs here, in the face of their own clear\n\n0\n\n317", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416561, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 726, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "719\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government..\n\n22068\n\n}\n\n>\n\n[B]\n\nJAPAN.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n(19636)\n\nNo. 1.\n\n* 18 JUN 08 [June 9.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n1\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey,~ Received June 9.)\n\n(No. 107.) Sir,\n\nI HAVE the honour to inclose copies of two Reports dealing with the present anti-Japanese feeling which exists in a somewhat acute form amongst foreigners in the Far East. One is a Report by the Honourable F. O. Lindley, Second Secretary of this Embassy, who has just returned from a short tour in North China and Manchuria, and the other is in the form of a Memorandum by Mr. Parlett, His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen, commenting on a strong article from a Japanese newspaper bitterly resenting this anti-Japanese feeling.\n\nI have had several conversations with some of the leading Japanese Statesmen on the subject of this feeling which they are quite aware of, and which they greatly deplore. The consensus of opinion of these authorities is that matters will right themselves. They assure me that a similar state of affairs existed after the China-Japan war, though the feeling was perhaps not so acute or so widespread. The same accusations of commercial favouritism and overbearing conduct were made with regard to Formosa as are now made regarding Manchuria. I have never lost an opportunity of bringing to the notice of the Statesmen I have mentioned and of those in authority to whom I have spoken on this subject the very serious harm which has been done to the good name of Japan by the overbearing demeanour on the part of minor officials, sharp practice on the part of merchants, and also by the ruffianly behaviour of the Japanese who have emigrated to Manchuria and Corea, and I have pointed out that it is not so much that these offences have been committed, but that they appeared to go almost unchecked by the authorities who, instead of punishing the delinquents, seemed always ready to make excuses for their bad behaviour. Count Hayashi on one occasion mentioned that the local authorities were badly paid and new to their work, but that this would in time be rectified. This may be so, but I am much more inclined to think that it is due to the national characteristic of what we would term mistaken leniency, due to extreme politeness, or what Mr. Lindley has called the principle of \"live and let live.\" The deduction would appear almost absurd, but the instances of a reluctance to proceed to extremities and to punish are so very noticeable to anybody who has resided in Japan, that it is only a source of wonder that the unruly classes do not get out of hand more often than they do. Both Mr. Lindley and Mr. Parlett assign reasons for the unpopularity of the Japanese, which reasons appear to me to be in every instance sound. I think, however, that the extraordinary change which has come over the foreign element in the Far East, and more particularly the element that matters, namely, the English-speaking one, had its commencement in the treatment of the war correspondents during and after the recent war. Some of these were authors of repute as well as war correspondents, who, with few exceptions (there were none among the American section), left Japan determined, as they told me, to be \"even with the Japanese\" for the childish treatment they had received at the hands of the Japanese military authorities at the front. There is no doubt that the change in American feelings had its commencement in the impression which these correspondents carried home with them, and which they spread broadcast. Mr. Lindley has drawn attention to the fact that the majority of missionaries in China and Manchuria, who undoubtedly were pro-Japanese previous to and during the war, have had their sympathies alienated by the enormous influx of Japanese prostitutes. This is a subject which, I know, the Japanese Government are endeavouring to deal with, but, for reasons stated in Mr. Lindley's Report, find some difficulty in doing.\n\nThere is no doubt that apart from commercial competition the main factor accounting for the unpopularity of the Japanese in the eyes of the foreign resident in the Far East is that the Japanese now claim absolute equality with Americans and Europeans, which, as Mr. Lindley points out, is admitted readily enough in theory, but\n\n[1822 i-1]\n\nB", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416563, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 728, "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "4\n\ncase at Mukden when a Japanese invaded the compound of the German Consul and threatened his assistant with a gun, the Japanese Consul, while admitting that the man deserved punishment, asked his German colleague as a personal favour not to press for it; instances of this characteristic could be multiplied indefinitely.\n\n4. Overbearing Conduct towards Foreigners.-There seems to be no doubt that for some time after the war the conduct of the Japanese in Manchuria left much to be desired; the presence of foreigners was not desired, and they were shown it pretty clearly. It is admitted by the most anti-Japanese that there has been a great change for the better in this respect throughout Manchuria, and my own limited experience of travelling in the province leads me to believe that this grievance no longer exists, though the memory of it still rankles. But for reasons connected with the racial question, to which allusion will be made later, it does not appear probable that, in spite of the endeavours of the officials, complaints as to the overbearing conduct of the Japanese will cease.\n\n5. The Principle of Equal Opportunity.-In spite of inquiries from many sources, was unable to find any proof that the Japanese authorities are giving unfair opportunities to their own people in Manchuria. The charge is continually made against them, but all available information on the subject has been reported by His Majesty's Legation at Peking and Mr. Parlett at Dairen. It is possible that the accusation is true, as it would certainly be difficult to prove, but one cannot help thinking that those who make it do not sufficiently take into account the great advantages which must naturally accrue in Manchuria to the Power which holds the principal railway, which had the advantage of being first in the field after the war, and which possesses such a far greater number of subjects in the province than any other foreign nation. It is certainly believed by many that the Japanese Government pass their Government monopoly cigarettes through the Chinese Customs free of duty. Such a charge would be very difficult to substantiate, but whether true or not, it is only natural that it should be made by people who bitterly resent being faced in a neutral market by the direct competition of a foreign Government. The struggle between the British American Tobacco Company and the Japanese Tobacco Monopoly Bureau is watched with the keenest interest throughout China, and the success of the former would be hailed with positive enthusiasm by all those who have been brought up to believe that administration and not competitive trade is the proper sphere for the energies of Government.\n\n6. Treatment of the Chinese Government by the Japanese Government.--The sympathies of the Anglo-American community in China are, naturally and rightly, on the side of the Chinese in most disputes in which they are not themselves directly interested. Whether the Japanese Government have treated the Chinese Government fairly or not since the war is too large a question for this Memorandum, but there is obviously much to be said on both sides; it is sufficient to say here that the ordinary Englishman in China considers that the result of the late war has been merely to replace Russia by Japan, which was not at all what was expected; he has, in consequence, nothing but abuse for Japan in her dealings with China; while the Japanese authorities seem astonished at their own moderation.\n\nSuch are the reasons usually given for the remarkable change of sentiments which has taken place in the last two years in the Far East. There seems to be a good deal of truth in some of the accusations and some truth in all of them, but the solid grounds upon which they are based do not appear themselves sufficient to explain the present bitterness, unless the mind of the Anglo-American community had been ready to seize on anything tangible against the Japanese. This readiness is in part due to a natural reaction following the enthusiasm felt for the victorious side during the war and the extravagant estimate of their ordinary qualities based upon the gallant behaviour of their troops in the field and the writings of prejudiced authors. In addition, the hope has not been realized that the overthrow of Russia would mean a great expansion of trade in Manchuria and an increased solidity and prosperity of China, which could not fail to react favourably on commerce. There has been no expansion of the Manchurian or any other trade in China, and it is but natural that the Japanese should be blamed for a stagnation which, embracing as it does Japanese and foreign commerce alike, is probably inherent to the present condition of the province and the Empire. The fact that the Japanese are the latest comers must also be taken into consideration; it cannot be expected that old-established communities should always put the most favourable construction possible upon the actions of those who, profiting by the hard-won experience of their rivals, openly avow their intention of ousting them from the field.\n\nFinally, it must be remembered that the Japanese now claim absolute equality with the European and American, both nationally and individually; these claims are admitted readily enough in theory, but when it comes to dealing with individual Japanese on such a basis, the average Englishman or American is physically incapable of accepting the situation, and, quite unintentionally, he resents in a Japanese many things which he would tolerate in a European. Every Englishman in China prefers a Chinese to a Japanese, but one cannot help wondering how long this preference would last if the Chinese were in a position to claim absolute equality with the European. The Englishman, moreover, knows nothing of Japanese habits and customs, and the Japanese on his side knows little of English, an ignorance which leads to offence being frequently taken where none is intended. At after-dinner speeches one often hears it deprecated that English and Japanese do not see more of each other, and perhaps some misunderstandings might be avoided if they did; but on the whole, it is probably an excellent thing for the friendship of the two countries that they are so far apart. Without attempting to solve the question of the superiority or inferiority of one or the other, the fact remains that friction and recrimination are seen to result from the shoulder to shoulder competition of two races which differ so profoundly mentally, morally, socially, linguistically and physically as do the Japanese and Anglo-Saxon.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum by Mr. Parlett,\n\nThe writer of the article of which a translation is inclosed in this despatch asserts that commercial jealousy is at the root of the present outburst of feeling against Japan. This is doubtless correct so far as it goes. Unfortunately, it does not cover the whole ground. Many another contributory cause might be cited. There are certainly two which appear to be rarely the subject of remark, and yet must have helped not a little in the formation of foreign sentiment on the subject of Japan. I refer to two of the most prominent traits of Japanese character, astuteness and secretiveness. Neither of these qualities, premising, as they often do, a certain obliquity in action, appeals to the average individual of the Anglo-Saxon race. Long and bitter experience has taught the European merchant that their presence in the character of his Japanese colleague will not, as a rule, bring him either satisfaction or profit, and basing, as is natural, his estimate of the nation on his experience of the individual, he comes to the conclusion that honesty and uprightness are not to be found anywhere in Japan. Therefore, though he may be quite unable to adduce the slightest evidence in support of his statements, he will not hesitate to assert that the Japanese Government is as dishonest as any of its nationals. He will own he has no proof; he will also own that it is not usual among Anglo-Saxons to adjudge a man guilty unless fair proof of his guilt be first furnished; but he excuses his attitude by saying that the acquisition of irrefutable evidence is impossible with a nation so cunning in covering the traces of its misdeeds, and that therefore, under the circumstances, the moral certainty in his own mind of the truth of what he says suffices for him. How far he is justified in this attitude is a matter which does not call for consideration here; but the attitude itself is, in my opinion, largely responsible for the charges which are advanced against Japan in connection with her action in Manchuria.\n\nAs I have had the honour to report on various occasions, no accusation has, so far as this territory and the railway are concerned, yet, to my knowledge, been substantiated. To cite the case of Newchwang seems no longer fair. The discriminatory Tariff, which was the subject of such bitter complaint last year, has been amended, and though this port is probably still in a better position than the northern, it is hardly to be expected that the fortunes of Dairen should be hazarded for the shadowy advantage of the world's good opinion.\n\nThe case is different with accusations preferred against individual Japanese. As previous despatches from this Vice-Consulate have shown, instances are not unknown of overbearing demeanour on the part of officials, of sharp practice on the part of merchants. These classes, with the immigrants, who have hitherto been the sweepings of the Japanese people, have done incalculable harm to their own country. Not only have they alienated the good-will of foreign residents, but they have also, by their treatment of the Chinese, so exasperated the latter that it is rare indeed to meet a native who has a kind word to say for the Japanese. This is, I think, partly the reason why so few reputable Chinese firms have thus far established themselves in Dairen,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416772, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 99, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "The Wai-wu Pu have the honour to observe that the objects of the Chinese Government in extending the North China Railway from Hsinmintun to Fakumen are to augment the facilities for communication in that region and to increase the revenues of the North China Railway. The South Manchurian Railway is not affected in the slightest; the extension is not a parallel trunk line, nor a branch line which would damage the interests of the South Manchurian Railway, and its distance from that railway is not less than is customary and general in the case of railways in Europe and America. This Board received various communications to the above effect from the high authorities of Manchuria and the Board of Communications in the course of October and November last year.\n\nYour Excellency, in quoting the records of the Conference and stating that China is disregarding a Treaty engagement and taking action which is injurious to the interests of the South Manchurian Railway, is not aware that at the time this engagement was concluded by the Japanese and Chinese Plenipotentiaries the latter considered that the meaning of the word \"parallel\" was too wide, and that the distance in miles should be definitely stated within which a parallel line could not be built. To this the Japanese Plenipotentiary objected that if the number of miles was fixed it would look to other countries as if the intention was to restrict Chinese railway enterprise. Then he was requested to agree that the distance should be stated to be such as was general in Europe and America, and he again objected that this was unnecessary, as there was no uniform general rule. Moreover, the Japanese Plenipotentiary declared that Japan would in no case oppose any future steps taken by China for the extension of communications in Manchuria. These statements were made in all sincerity and under circumstances when the relations between the two countries were of the friendliest, and must, of course, be observed on both sides.\n\nThere is no more important means for extending communications in a country than the construction of railways. The Fakumen line is far from the South Manchurian Railway, and cannot really be considered a parallel line in the neighbourhood of that railway. As for damaging the interests of the South Manchurian Trunk Railway, not only is this not so, but those interests will profit, for the more branch lines there are the greater the traffic of a trunk line. The relation of the Kirin-Chang-ch'un line to the South Manchurian Railway is the same as that of the Fakumen line.\n\nAgain, the Fakumen line connects directly with the Imperial Railways of North China, and those communicate with the seaports of Newchwang and Tien-tsin, which are both ice-bound in winter. The South Manchurian Railway connects directly with Dairen, which is an ice-free port, and the greater proportion of the produce exported will take advantage of the more convenient route of the South Manchurian Railway, direct to Dairen. If the Mongol territory west of Fakumen is penetrated by a railway, communication will be facilitated and business stimulated, and the traffic of the South Manchurian Railway must increase pari passu. Of the foregoing statements ample and trustworthy evidence is obtainable, and it is clear that any real endeavour of China towards the important reform of increasing the means of communication must begin with the extension of railways. But the South Manchurian Railway Company takes no steps to inquire into these matters, and merely insists that the Fakumen line will damage their interests, with the result that Japan is opposing the efforts of China to improve communications in her own territory. That is not a situation which the Chinese Government had any reason to anticipate.\n\nWe have the honour to request your Excellency to be so good as to place the considerations urged above—that in building the proposed Fakumen line China's desire is to increase the means of communication in her own territory, and in no way to injure the interests of the South Manchurian Railway—before the Japanese Government, and avail, &c.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[June 29.]\n\nSECTION 6.\n\n[22277]\n\nNo. 1,\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.—(Received June 29.)\n\n(No. 209.) Sir,\n\nPeking, May 11, 1908. WITH reference to your despatch No. 131 of the 9th March, transmitting a copy of a private letter from Mr. Gundry, President of the China Association, on the subject of discrimination in railway freight rates in Manchuria, I have the honour to state that regulations concerning the allowance of rebates to persons who pay annually over a certain amount of freight were issued by the South Manchuria Railway Company towards the end of September, and came into force on the 1st October, 1907. By these regulations rebates do not commence until the amount of freight exceeds 100,000 yen. Under 150,000 yen the rebate is 3 per cent., and increases by 1 per cent. on every additional 50,000 yen of freight up to 500,000 yen, and when the latter sum is reached or exceeded the rebate remains fixed at 7 per cent.\n\nAs no distinction is made in regard to the nationality of the owner or to the provenance of the goods, there would appear to be no valid grounds for objecting to the regulations, while the actual volume of trade in Manchuria scarcely warrants the apprehension that British trade will be adversely affected by the system of rebates in its present shape.\n\nI may add that every care is being taken to safeguard British interests against any attempt at discrimination in favour of Japanese merchants or goods. I have, &c. (Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\n[1814-6]\n\n96", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416969, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 295, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n29532\n\n1182183 AUG 08\n\nSECTION 3.\n\n[24831]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received July 18.)\n\nTokió, June 19, 1908.\n\n(No. 156.) Sir,\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith copies of inclosures in two despatches which I have received from His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen, inclosing translations (1) of amendments in the South Manchurian Railway Company Freight Regulations, (2) of alterations in the Chinese Customs Provincial Regulations.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) CLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nRailway Notification No. 11 of May 30, 1908.\n\nAlterations in Freight Charges.\n\nOn live-stock-\n\nPer head, per mile.\n\n \n Camels\n 5 sen.\n \n \n Horses, oxen, mules\n 3 sen.\n \n \n Calves, colts, asses, sheep, goats, pigs\n 2 sen 7 rin.\n \n \n Lambs, young pigs (under 20 \"kin\")\n 1 sen 5 rin.\n \n\nAlteration in Article 8.\n\nArticle 8. When an article exceeds 33 feet in length, or weighs singly more than 2 tons, in addition to the ordinary freight a further proportionate charge shall be levied as follows:--\n\n \n On articles exceeding 33 feet in length\n 50\n 20\n \n \n \n 29\n 40\n \n \n 2 tons in weight\n 3\n 20\n \n \n \n 11\n 30\n \n \n \n 35\n 40\n \n \n \n 4\n 50\n \n \n \n 37\n \n \n \n \n 7\n Per cent.\n \n\nArticles exceeding 70 feet in length or 10 tons in weight shall be the subject of special arrangement.\n\nArticle 13. Add the following clause :----\n\n\"When, in the case of merchandize sent by whole car-load, goods of different denominations are placed together, freight shall be the subject of a special calculation based on the charge for each denomination of such goods and their weight.\"\n\nArticle 14 is amended as follows :--\n\nGoods of light weight but considerable bulk dealt with under the 'picul system of measurement, and not weighing 10 'kin' per 'sai,' shall have freight calculated on them as though they did actually weigh 10 'kin' per 'sai.'\n\n\"When the said goods are dealt with under the ton system of measurement, and do not equal 10 tons in weight per 70 'sai,' freight shall be calculated as though they did actually weigh 10 tons per 70 'sai.'\"\n\n[1841 8-3]\n\n292", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416970, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 296, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government]\n\n29532\n\n293\n\nTranslation of Transport Notification No. 67.\n\nWith reference to the 2nd clause of Article 13 of the Freight Regulations, which was the subject of revision under Notification 11 of May 1908, when, in the case of goods which, being of different denominations, are placed together, the weight of the said goods does not amount to 20 tons, the freight on the fraction of 20 tons shall be calculated according to the minimum rate leviable on any of the goods in question.\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[24841]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nTREES [July 18.]\n\n13 AUG 08\n\nSECTION 4.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nGovernment-General Notification No. 56.\n\nWITH respect to merchandize imported into or exported from Dairen, or dispatched into the interior of Manchuria, it shall be obligatory from the 1st June for the particulars laid down in Articles 16, 17, 18, and 19 of the Provisional Customs Regulations of the Kwantung leased territory to be furnished to the Chinese Customs at Dairen, in accordance with the procedure herewith laid down.\n\nY. OSHIMA, Viscount, Governor-General.\n\nMay 30, 1908.\n\n1. Three copies of the ship's manifest mentioned in Articles 16, 17, and 18 of the Regulations aforesaid shall be drawn up in the form herewith attached and presented at the Customs.\n\n2. The locality of production or of manufacture shall be specified in the export application mentioned in Article 19.\n\n3. With reference to merchandize dispatched by road into Manchuria, the application containing the details specified in Article 17 shall be presented at the Customs, and, after it has been examined in that Office, a clean copy of it shall be made and furnished to the Customs.\n\n \n Ship's name.\n Sailed from\n Date\n No. of Bill of Lading.\n No. and Marks of Goods.\n Name of Goods.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n Ship's Manifest.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n No.\n Weight.\n Consignor.\n Consignee.\n Use.\n Master's name Nationality\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received July 18.)\n\n(No. 166. Very Confidential.) Sir,\n\nTokió, June 20, 1908.\n\nON the 13th ultimo, I reported by telegraph (telegram No. 38) that Baron Goto had left for St. Petersburgh on the 28th April, and I stated that it was probable that his mission had for its object, in addition to the discussion of railway matters with the Chinese Eastern Railway authorities, an endeavour to foster in Manchuria a closer understanding between Russia and Japan.\n\nEven Baron Goto returned a few days ago, and is loud in his praise of the cordial reception which he met with in St. Petersburgh, and the friendly sentiments which all classes of society in Russia evinced towards their late opponents in arms. The Emperor in an audience which he graciously accorded to Baron Goto, expressed warm satisfaction at the restoration of friendly relations between the two countries.\n\nAll this has been published in the press, and has produced a most excellent impression throughout Japan.\n\nAs to the railway question, the Baron is reported to have said that many people predicted that the Russians would place every obstacle in the way of the linking up of the two systems of railways, their natural object being to divert the whole stream of traffic to Vladivostock, but, on the contrary, no such disposition was shown, and the Russians seemed to appreciate that the trans-Asian system of railways is one of the world's great arteries of communication, and that selfish considerations should not be allowed to interfere with its development and utility.\n\nIt is generally believed here that Baron Goto has made arrangements with the Chinese Eastern Railway by which Japanese trains will be allowed to run over Russian lines as far as Irkutsk on the one side, and Vladivostock on the other, by means of convertible axles and wheels; the above is corroborated by a telegram received yesterday from His Majesty's Consul-General at Moukden.\n\n(Secret.)\n\nWith regard to the possibility of the sale of the railway from Chang Chun to Harbin to Japan, the Baron states that there is not a word of truth in the statement, which originated, he says, in Osaka, whence it had been transmitted to Europe, and had then found its way back to Japan. He adds that many people believed it, and their belief inconvenienced him not a little. The possibility of such a sale, I think, remains, though it may not take place in the immediate future.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed) CLAUDE M. MACDONALD,\n\nо\n\n[1841 8-4]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417070, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 396, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "2\n\nof the Contract, it only remained for them to lodge with the Government of China formal protest against the execution of the work,\n\nThe British Government, to which a copy of the self-denying stipulation above quoted had been communicated early in 1906, do not, it is understood, question the validity of Japan's objections, but the Newchwang Chamber of Commerce thinks otherwise, and on the 13th March last adopted the following Resolution :\n\nThe Newchwang General Chamber of Commerce, being convinced that the extension of the Imperial Railway of North China from Hsinmintun to Fakumen and beyond, is vitally important to the development and prosperity of Manchurian trade, strongly protests against the steps now being taken by the Government of Japan to enforce the abandonment of this extension, Japan having specifically undertaken in the Treaty of Portsmouth-\n\n\"Not to obstruct any general measures common to all countries which China may take for the development of commerce and industry in Manchuria.”\n\nThe Chairman of the Chamber forwarded a copy of the Resolution to the Newchwang Consular Body, and in his covering letter, dated the 16th March, 1908, he gave what he declared to be the grounds upon which the views expressed in the Resolution had been arrived at. He admitted that the construction of branch lines westward from the South Manchurian Railway system would assist and promote the development which was the raison d'être of the Resolution, but, he naively added, that such branch lines, by diverting the trade to Dairen, would necessarily do incalculable injury to the prospects and trade of Newchwang. Finally, in the commercial interests of \"Newchwang in particular\" and of \"Manchuria generally,\" he asked that a copy of his letter might be transmitted by the Consular Body to the Diplomatic Corps in Peking, and he stated that the Committee of the Chamber \"regard the question at issue as of such vital and far-reaching importance that it intends by every means available to give publicity to the views herein expressed, and to that end purposes communicating the substance of these representations to the various Chambers of Commerce and kindred Associations, and to the leading press of China, Europe, and America,\"\n\nThe Consular Body did not, for obvious reasons, transmit the letter in question to the Diplomatic Corps as requested, but the Committee of the Newchwang Chamber has evidently carried out its threat of appealing directly to the public against the action of Japan, since the Shanghae Chamber of Commerce has taken up the issue in the interest of Newchwang.\n\nIf the representation of the Committee of the Newchwang Chamber had contained only a fair and impartial statement of the case, it might well have been permitted to remain unanswered. But it is characterized by loose-thinking, extravagant assertions and illogical conclusions and, coming as it does from a body of intelligent and responsible merchants whose utterances are entitled to consideration, it is due to truth and fair dealing that its errors should be corrected and its fallacies exposed.\n\nThe first assertions in the letter under discussion that call for examination are-\n\n(a.) That the Liao River constitutes a natural traffic boundary between the projected Hsinmintun-Fakumen line and the existing South Manchurian system;\n\n(b.) That the trade of Fakumen and its hinterland has always found its outlet to the seaboard at Newchwang, Chinwantao, &c., through Hsinmintun, and thence by the Hsinmintun-Kaopantsze line;\n\n(c.) That such trade has never gone eastward towards the townships and districts operated by the South Manchurian system; and\n\n(d.) That consequently there are no grounds for Japan's contention that the proposed new road must be competitive with, and detrimental to, the Japanese line.\n\nIt is inaccurate to say that the Liao-ho, in its reaches from Hsinmintun to Fakumen, forms a natural traffic boundary, or that the trade of Fakumen and its neighbourhood has never sought an outlet by means of the South Manchurian Railway. In those regions the river is easily passable and, as a matter of fact, readily ascertainable, the existing line actually serves, and has always served in the matter of transportation, the country to the west equally with that to the east of the river.\n\nProduce in large quantities is conveyed from the Fakumen regions to Tieling in Chinese carts, and thence is carried southward by the existing railway system. Especially is this true of the winter season when the rivers are frozen over and the whole land becomes one broad, smooth highway.\n\n3\n\nThe site of the projected railway is in that portion of the valley of the Liao which is now served by the Japanese line, and it may be assumed, without fear of contradiction, that the proposed line, if constructed, would draw away from the existing system some portion of its traffic. Sir A. Hosie, the Acting British Commercial Attaché at Peking, in writing recently, on the subject of the commercial situation in Manchuria, said:-\n\n\"It is true that the Imperial railways of North China are competing successfully with the Japanese line from Newchwang to Mukden.\"\n\nIf this be true under present conditions, it cannot be doubted that with an extension of the Chinese line, there would be, at least, a corresponding extension of competition,\n\nRussia, at the time when she owned the South Manchurian Railway, clearly foresaw the danger to be apprehended from possible competition, and to safeguard her interests in that respect she inserted in the Convention with China of the 8th April, 1899, relative to the restoration of Manchuria, a stipulation providing that in case, in future, an extension of the Shanhaikwan-Yinkow-Hsinmintun line or the construction of branch lines in the southern part of Manchuria, was to be undertaken, the matter should be previously arranged by an understanding between the Russian and Chinese Governments.\n\nThis measure of reasonable precaution did not provoke any hostile criticism. The silence on the part of British subjects may, however, be explained by the fact that they were at the time practically excluded from railway exploitation in regions north of the Great Wall by the Anglo-Russian understanding of the 28th April, 1899.\n\nJapan, by Article 6 of the Treaty of Portsmouth and Article 1 of the Treaty of Peking of 1905, was subrogated to all the rights, privileges and properties of Russia in the South Manchurian Railway. But desiring to have her rights placed beyond question, she obtained from China the engagement to which the Newchwang Chamber of Commerce now so seriously objects.\n\nIf the engagement secured by Russia from Great Britain in 1899 and from China in 1902, were not unreasonable it is difficult to understand why Japan's engagement with China of 1905, should be condemned.\n\nEqually exaggerated and, therefore, equally demanding examination, are the statements contained in the letter, on the subject of the scope and value of the engagement (already quoted) contained in the Protocol annexed to the Peking Treaty of 1905. After citing the engagement in question the letter declares :-\n\n(a) That the country to be operated by the proposed line (Hsinmintun-Fakumen) cannot be considered to be in the neighbourhood of the South Manchurian Railway,\"\n\n(b) That as already demonstrated the proposed line neither will nor can be competitive with or in any way detrimental to the interests of the South Manchurian Railway.\n\n(c.) That in no country in the world of similar population and topography, could or would the vested trade interests or sphere of an existing railway system be held to include so extensive an area, as to preclude the construction of other lines, even though competitive (if in the commercial sense that were possible) outside of a 35-mile limit.\n\n(d.) That having in view Article 4 of the Treaty of Portsmouth Japan's action in exacting or receiving from China an undertaking such as is alleged, which is diametrically opposed in principle and practice to the pledge she had herself given to the world Powers, must be considered to have been ultra vires, and therefore the said undertaking by China to be null and void and of no effect.\n\nAnswering these several statements in the order in which they were made it may be said-\n\nFirstly. The omission from paragraph (a), above quoted, of the words \"and parallel to\" which were conjunctively used with the phrase \"in the neighbourhood of” in China's engagement of 1905, may be taken as an admission on the part of the Committee of the Newchwang Chamber, that the projected railway would parallel the existing line. The question whether it could be regarded as in the same neighbourhood, depends upon many considerations of more importance than mere distance.\n\nThus a railway, entering a valley, undivided by any impassable streams and already served...\n\n[1841 s-1]\n\nB 2\n\n393", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417124, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 450, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "447\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\nO.\n\n32382\n\nCHINA TRADE.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n(24808)\n\nNo. 1.\n\nIM [July 18.] 4. 08\n\nSECTION 4.\n\n(No. 133.) Sir,\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received July 18.)\n\nTokió, June 5, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch from his Majesty's Minister at Peking, transmitting a letter from the Shanghae branch of the China Association to their head-quarters in London, complaining of the action of the Japanese authorities in Dairen in obstructing foreign trade at that port.\n\nAlthough the points raised by the China Association had been already dealt with at some length by the British Vice-Consul at Dairen, I thought it as well to forward this letter to him for any observations he might have to make.\n\nI have the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch from Mr. Parlett which deals with the allegations of the China Association. It will be observed that, in cases in which it has been brought to the notice of the superior officials that foreign ships have been put to inconvenience by the action of their subordinates, a remedy has been promptly forthcoming; also that the success of Japanese importers of cotton goods can be accounted for without ascribing it to the favour of the Japanese authorities in Manchuria; further, that the figures quoted by the China Association for the comparative trade of Dairen and Newchwang are incorrect, the true figures being much more favourable to the latter port than those given by the Association; and, finally, that the statements contained in the letter of the China Association regarding the tenure of land at Dairen refer to a condition of things which no longer exists. Mr. Parlett states that he has always been given to understand that the Japanese authorities are most anxious to encourage Chinese to settle at Dairen, an anxiety which appears very natural if, as the Association believe, those authorities wish Dairen to capture the trade of Newchwang.\n\nThere are undoubtedly a number of Japanese undesirables in the leased territory and in Manchuria generally, and it is to be hoped the Japanese Government will do their best to minimize an evil which is, under the circumstances, to a certain extent unavoidable. I have frequently drawn the attention of the responsible authorities in Tôkió to the harm which is being done to the good name of Japan by the presence of these undesirables in Manchuria, and recent travellers have noticed a marked improvement in this respect. I am given to understand that a similar state of things existed in Formosa after the China-Japan war 1894, when that island was flooded with Japanese and other undesirables. Matters there have long since righted themselves.\n\nIn conclusion, Mr. Parlett states that he does not consider that it would be impossible to find some definite proof of Japanese designs if they are as crooked as is generally believed.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed)\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nSir,\n\nPeking, April 13, 1908,\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit to your Excellency herewith a copy of a despatch which I have received from His Majesty's Consul-General, Shanghae, forwarding a letter from the Shanghae branch of the China Association on the subject of the alleged obstruction by the Japanese to foreign trade in Manchuria.\n\nI have, &c. (For His Britannic Majesty's Minister),\n\nSTEPHEN LEECH.\n\n(Signed)\n\n[1844. S -4]\n\nB\n\nPage 450\n\nPage 451\n\n1", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417125, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 451, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "2\n\n3\n\n448\n\n(No. 41.) Sir,\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nConsul-General Sir P. Warren to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nShanghae, April 4, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to forward to you herewith a copy of a letter which was addressed on the 27th February last by the local branch of the China Association to the parent body in London with reference to the alleged obstruction by the Japanese of foreign trade in Manchuria and their opposition to railway development in that region.\n\ntion of Syndicate goods. The granting and withholding of these facilities doubtless accounts for the falling off in Manchurian trade from Shanghae.\n\nWe have been unable to get details of the exports to Manchuria from Japan for 1907, but from February 1906 to August 1907 the imports of American goods into Dalny is stated to have been 6,000 bales against 29,000 bales of Japanese manufacture.\n\nThe following figures are instructive :-\n\n1907.\n\n1st July to 31st December, 1907.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nPELHAM L WARREN.\n\n \n \n Net foreign imports\n native imports\n Exports..\n \n \n Newchwang.\n Haikwan taels.\n 10,587,235\n \n \n \n \n Dairen.\n Haikwan tuels.\n 32,437,793\n 183,591\n 3,231,145\n \n \n \n \n 5,995,845\n 15,711,583\n \n \n \n Total\n \n 32,294,663\n \n 35,952,528\n \n\nDear Sir,\n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nShanghae Branch to China Association, London.\n\nFebruary 27, 1908.\n\nON the 25th instant we telegraphed to you as follows through the Hong Kong and Shanghae Bank, and have now to add the following observations in support of the views therein expressed :—\n\n\"Reports from Manchuria indicate continuance Japanese obstruction foreign trade--- coupled with opposition railway development hinterland Newchwang indicates settled Japanese policy adoption of Russian ante bellum attitude-if acquiesced in policy must lead revival sphere of influence régime and negation open door.\n\nLocal feeling growing that Japanese professions co-operation Great Britain support of mutual interests insincere. Fear Japanese action Manchuria will prove bad example Germans Shantung.\"\n\nI trust this reached you intelligibly.\n\nAs your Committee are doubtless aware, it is extremely difficult in a distant country like Manchuria to get chapter and verse for specific cases of obstruction to trade. The Japanese are far too clever to allow definite cases to arise in which clear evidence can be quoted against them; as the trade is almost entirely in the hands of Chinese and their own people, they doubtless feel a considerable degree of confidence that evidence of their action towards foreign trade cannot be produced.\n\nWe have, however, the evidence of captains of local British steamers trading to Dairen complaining time after time of obstacles being put in the way of their ships-- delay in allotting berths to them; only allowing them a limited time at the wharf; curtailing the hours during which loading or discharging is permitted-and pointing out that Japanese steamers can work on much more favourable conditions than British.\n\nThe discharging of steamers is under the control of the Railway Administration, and it is therefore a reasonable assumption that, if unnecessary difficulties are put in the way of handling merchandize at the port of landing, more favourable treatment will not be accorded to it in the interior.\n\nThe experience of importers here is that imports of English and American goods into Manchuria are very much smaller than formerly, when competition was open and free. A Syndicate of Japanese manufacturers has been formed to exploit this trade, and there is reason to believe that it has the active support and patronage of the Japanese Government. According to an article in the Japanese paper \"Asahi,\" quoted in the \"Board of Trade Journal\" of the 23rd January, 1908, the Government authorized advances to this Syndicate of 5,000,000 yen at 4 per cent. per annum, and a like amount at 4 per cent. per annum, rates of interest lower than that at which the Government itself has borrowed, and considerably under the current rate of interest charged by foreign banks. Special rates of freight have been arranged by Japanese Shipping Companies for carrying cotton goods from Osaka to Dalny, about which perhaps no complaint can be made, but it is admitted by this newspaper that, although the Railway Administration were not in a position to allow a discount on freight directly to the Syndicate, they accorded \"certain facilities\" for the transporta-\n\nTotal\n\nOf this amount railway plant accounts for 25,200,000 Haikwan taels, leaving 7,237,792 as foreign imports into Dairen for six months against 10,587,235 taels into Newchwang for the whole year.\n\nWe have as yet no means of ascertaining the details of which the above figures are composed, but if we take the shipments of all kinds of piece-goods from Shanghae to the two ports in 1907 we find by this rough calculation the following result :--\n\n \n \n All foreign piece-goods (pieces)\n Yarn (piculs)\n \n \n Dairen.\n 708,000\n 29,000\n \n \n Newchwang\n 113,000\n 4,400\n \n\nIf, therefore, for the whole year Dairen only took about one-seventh of the quantity taken by Newchwang, whilst her total foreign imports as above were millions for six months as against Newchwang's 10 millions for twelve months, the assumption is that a very large business has been done with Japan, and that, while British and American trade is being smothered, Japanese trade is active. As direct transfer can be made from Dairen to Mukden by rail, the advantage of the latter route over Newchwang on equal terms is clear. It is stated on good authority that fixity of tenure is refused to any foreigner who proposes to start business in Dairen, and that no encouragement is given to Chinese to go there for business purposes. In many cases hardships have to be endured. These facts may be taken as additional proof that the open door is a myth.\n\nCrowds of undesirables are said to be continually arriving from Japan, public gambling and general demoralization following in their train.\n\nIt can hardly be maintained that Japan is loyally carrying out in practice the Articles in the Treaty of Portsmouth bearing on the future administration of that part of Manchuria which lies in her sphere, and under these circumstances it is all the more important that she should not be supported in trying to throttle the foreign trade of Newchwang and its hinterland, as she is doing to that of Dairen. It is important that there should be an inlet through Newchwang as it is still in Chinese hands, and fair treatment to all foreigners may be counted upon there; if \"development\" of that district falls into Japanese hands, we may look for similar results to those produced at Dairen.\n\nThe consequences of Japanese action are most serious and need only be indicated. Her present attitude in Manchuria is one of arrogance tending towards exclusive dealing; she is thereby reviving the \"sphere of influence\" policy, and it is probable that Japanese action in Southern Manchuria will have considerable influence upon Russia in Northern Manchuria and on Germany in Shantung. Japanese activity in Fokien and Chekiang will probably be the next step, and the future of China will again become a burning question, creating friction between all the Powers.\n\n[1844 -4]\n\nB 2", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417126, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 452, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "449\n\nIt is doubtless a difficult position to deal with, but if Japan were made to feel that unfair dealing will lead to estrangement and endanger the cordial relations with Great Britain which have been built up in the past, there may be some hope that a change in her procedure may be brought about. We thought it advisable in any case to let you know that the feeling here is growing that Japanese policy is insincere, that she is reverting to the Russian ante bellum policy in Manchuria, and that we fear the consequences may be far-reaching.\n\n(No. 44.) Sir,\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed) F. ANDERSON, Chairman.\n\nInclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nVice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, May 12, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Excellency's despatch No. 14 of the 25th of last month, with its inclosures in original, from His Majesty's Minister at Peking.\n\nThe points raised in the letter of the Shanghae branch of the China Association to its parent body in London have, I think without exception, been the subject of report from this office during the last year, and there appears to be little that I can add to what has already been said.\n\nI will nevertheless, with your Excellency's permission, briefly revert to the various questions on which the China Association letter touches:-\n\nObstacles to British Ships-Mr. Anderson's letter refers presumably to ships engaged in the coasting trade. Their grievances were alluded to in my despatch No. 7 of the 16th January last, when I had the honour to report that the Japanese authorities had promised to take steps to prevent a recurrence of the disagreeable incidents concerning which complaint was made. Nothing has subsequently occurred to lead me to believe that this promise has not been made good. The delays and obstructions suffered by the vessels bringing material for the South Manchuria Railway line formed the subject of my despatches Nos. 87 and 90 of last year. I have since obtained little information to add to what I then had the honour to submit, though I hear from a private and confidential source that the whole question of stevedoring charges in connection with these ships is being investigated by Messrs. Sale, Frazar, and Co. for purposes of their own.\n\nTo summarize this particular question, it will be sufficient to say that, though there have undoubtedly been instances in which subordinate officials have exhibited an unnecessary lack of consideration towards foreign ships, there is no sign that this is even sympathized with by their superiors. In my opinion the most disquieting feature, not only at the wharf, but also in business here generally, is the indirect influence which the Mitsui Bussan Kwaisha seems in a position to exert.\n\nThe Osaka Cotton Goods Syndicate. This is the next subject to which allusion is made in the China Association letter. The article from the \"Osaki Asahi\" was brought to your Excellency's notice in my despatches Nos. 77 and 79 of last year; while the \"Manshu Nichi Nichi Shimbun\" editorial on the same subject formed an inclosure to my despatch No. 26 of this year. The details of the financial assistance rendered to the Syndicate by the Japanese Government through the medium of the Specie Bank and the Bank of Japan were so obscurely worded in both cases that I was not quite able to follow them, and I am in any case unable to determine if the action of the Government was legitimate or not. The granting of \"special facilities,\" as I have on more than one occasion reported, is absolutely denied. To assert that the falling off of the Shanghae trade with Manchuria is doubtless due to the granting of special facilities to Japanese goods is in my opinion a rather bold statement. Premising even that such facilities were actually given, I should have been disposed to include as a contributory cause the depression which, I am given to understand, has been more or less universal throughout China for some time past. It seems to me hardly possible that this should be entirely due to Japanese action in Manchuria.\n\nI would also submit for the consideration of the China Association, as a partial explanation of the success which has apparently attended the efforts of the Osaka Syndicate, the fact that it is a Syndicate, in other words a number of spinning Companies which, sinking individual rivalries and divided interests for the common good, are banded together in absolute unity of action with the one object of ousting from the Manchurian market their foreign rivals. It is obvious that an organized body like this, particularly if it is in addition willing to submit to immediate loss for the sake of greater future gain, must enjoy from the outset great advantages over the foreign piece-goods merchants of the China ports with their different nationalities, conflicting interests, and acute trade rivalries. Were it possible to form a foreign combination on the same lines as the Japanese and thus to fight the latter with their own weapons, I think it not improbable that victory would ultimately rest with the foreigner. He is still the superior of the Japanese in commercial organization, and there can be no question as to who has the stronger backing in capital. I fear, however, that this is somewhat in the nature of a \"counsel of perfection.\" Nevertheless it would be well to remember that it is this very unity of interests, organization, enterprise, and capital that enable the British American Tobacco Company to compete successfully with the Japanese Monopoly Bureau for the control of the Manchurian tobacco market.\n\nTrade of Dairen and Newchwang for 1907.--I have already had the honour to report to your Excellency that the figures for the trade of Dairen quoted in the China Association letter are, owing to a grave miscalculation on the part of the Chinese Customs at this port, quite incorrect. In the Trade Report contained in my despatch No. 23 of the 30th March, I estimated the correct value of the trade of Dairen for 1907 as being in the neighbourhood of 4,500,000l. It would now appear that the actual amount is close on 4,700,000l. This total is arrived at by adding to 4,349,318l. (the figures given in the Kwantung Government-General revised Tables, contained in my despatch No. 42 of the 9th May) 356,100l., the difference between these Returns and those of the Japanese Financial Department. The latter, as far as they go, are probably correct. It will thus be seen that the trade of this port is approximately 500,000l. less than that of Newchwang for the year 1907.\n\nIt would, however, perhaps be well if further comment on this particular subject were deferred until the Trade Report for Dairen and the revised Tables referred to above have appeared in print. The China Association will then be in a better position to compare the trade of the two places under discussion; while, at the same time, it may be able to point out some of the inaccuracies which, with such unreliable figures to work upon, must have inevitably crept into the Report itself.\n\nTenure of Land. The statements made in the China Association letter referred to a condition of things which no longer exists. Leases up to a maximum period of twenty years are now obtainable. This applies to land hired from the Japanese authorities; leases taken over from the original Russian holders are of course subject to the conditions under which they were originally granted by the Russian authorities.\n\nEncouragement to Chinese.-On this point I have no reliable evidence at my disposal, though I have always been given to understand by the Japanese officials that they were most anxious that Chinese merchants should settle here, their presence being, so it was asserted, esteemed essential to the success of the port. This would seem quite credible, if, as is the general belief among foreign merchants in China, the diversion of the Newchwang trade to Dairen is the object the Japanese have in view.\n\nI would deprecate placing too much reliance on Chinese evidence in connection with this question, because it is frequently coloured by ill-feeling against the present possessors of the territory. How far the attitude of the Chinese is justifiable I have no means of gauging, though undoubtedly instances have not been wanting in which Japanese, both officials and individuals, have behaved towards the natives with unnecessary arrogance and even brutality. At the same time it must be borne in mind that the animus of the merchant is not a little accentuated by the fact that he feels the pinch of competition with the new-comers, and, feeling it, thinks regretfully of the happier days when Russian money was poured out in Dairen and Port Arthur like water. This question was brought to your Excellency's notice in my despatch No. 39 of the 5th August, 1907.\n\nImmigrants.-The comments made in the letter under consideration are on this subject, though exaggerated, to a certain extent justified. As I had the honour to report in the despatch quoted immediately above, in my Trade Report for 1907, and in my despatch No. 39 of the 1st of this month, the Japanese immigrants to Manchuria represent the least desirable elements of the nation. This is, within limits, unavoidable in a newly-opened country, and it can only be hoped that the Japanese Government will do its best, if it is unable to check the influx of undesirables, at all events to curtail their opportunities for ill-doing.\n\nI am unfortunately unable to agree with the assertion that \"the Japanese are far too clever to allow definite cases to arise in which clear evidence can be quoted against them.\"\n\nIt seems to me frankly something in the nature of a confession of weakness\n\n5", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417131, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 457, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government. 454\n\nTRADE IN CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[26320]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[July 29,]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n(No. 296.) Sir,\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received July 29.)\n\nPeking, July 6, 1908. WITH reference to my despatch No. 274 of the 22nd ultimo, I have the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of a further despatch, with inclosures, from His Majesty's Consul-General at Mukden, respecting the alleged infringement by a Japanese firm at Tiehling of a trade-mark belonging to Messrs. Butterfield and Swire.\n\nIt would seem to be established that the bags bearing this mark originally contained the genuine article, and that the substitution of a sugar of inferior quality was made by the Japanese firm at Tiehling, and not by the Yu Asa Shokai at Dairen. There has, therefore, technically been no infringement of Messrs. Butterfield and Swire's trade-mark, but merely a fraudulent use of their bags by the firm who received them. Whether the Japanese Criminal Code provides for the repression of such an offence appears, in the present instance, to be a question of academic interest, in view of the fact that the offending firm is no longer in existence at Tiehling. The Japanese authorities have, I submit, done all that was possible to assist Mr. Willis, and the case would seem to have been satisfactorily elucidated.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\n(No. 49.) Sir,\n\nActing Consul-General Willis to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nMukden, June 24, 1908. WITH reference to my despatches No. 44 of the 19th May and No. 48 of the 10th instant, I have the honour to inclose copy of a further letter I have received from Mr. Yoshida, the Elève-Consul in charge of the Japanese Consulate General.\n\nFrom this letter it seems clear that the 115 bags of sugar, sold by the Yu Asa Shokai to the Pi Tien firm of Tiehling, contained originally bona fide British sugar, and that, later on, inferior sugar was substituted at Tiehling by the Pi Tien firm.\n\nA letter of Messrs. Butterfield to me, dated the 22nd instant, confirms this information, and it seems probable that Messrs. Butterfield and Swire were mistaken in alleging, as they did in their letter of the 13th May, that their marks had been imitated.\n\nI have informed Messrs. Butterfield and Swire that, in my opinion, the Japanese Consular officials have done all in their power, under present conditions and pending the conclusion of a Trade-mark Convention between the British and Japanese Governments, to assist us in inquiring into the facts of this case. Further, even if a prosecution for fraud lay against the Pi Tien firm under the Japanese Criminal Code, which is very doubtful, it would seem useless for them to undertake such prosecution at the present time, as the culprit firm has disappeared from Tiehling.\n\nI inclose copy of a letter I have addressed to Mr. Yoshida.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) ROBERT WILLIS.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nMr. Yoshida to Acting Consul-General Willis,\n\nSir and dear Colleague,\n\nConsulate-General of Japan, Mukden,\n\nJune 19, 1908.\n\nIN reference to my communication dated the 5th instant regarding the fraudulent imitation of trade-marks by a Japanese firm in Tiehling, I have the honour to inform...\n\n[1844 -1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417185, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 511, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "signed. This Board, having reported the transaction to the Throne on the 27th June, and having received the Imperial Decree \"Noted,\" request your Highness to inform His Britannic Majesty's Minister.\" \n\nIn the 17th year of Kuang Hsu (1891) the Tsung-li Yamén informed the foreign Representatives at Peking that Chinese officials, high and low, making loans from foreign merchants must memorialize the Throne and place the transactions on record beforehand. In the present instance the Board of Communications, having concluded a loan of 1,000,000 Kuei-p'ing taels with the Peking branch of the Hong Kong and Shanghae Banking Corporation, have declared that the transaction has been reported to and authorized by the Throne. \n\nI have the honour to communicate the above-mentioned facts for your Excellency's information, and to request that the Hong Kong and Shanghae Banking Corporation may be directed to act in accordance with the Agreement. \n\nI avail, &c. (Signed) Prince CHING, \n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1. \n\nSir J. Jordan to Mr. E. Hillier. \n\nSir, \n\nBritish Legation, Peking, July 1, 1903. WITH reference to your letter of the 20th June, I beg to inform you that I received last evening from the Wai-wu Pu an official communication stating that the Agreement for a loan of 1,000,000 taels, which was concluded by your bank with the Board of Communications on the 20th June, has been reported to the Throne and authorized by Imperial Decree. \n\nA translation of the Wai-wu Pu's despatch is inclosed herewith.* \n\nI am, &c. (Signed) J. N. JORDAN. \n\n* See Inclosure 2. \n\nC\n\n[B]\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's\n\nC.: 508\n\n34061\n\n13 SEP 09\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL,\n\n[29948]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[August 29.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received August 29.)\n\n(No. 198. Confidential.) Sir,\n\nTokió, August 1, 1908. WITH reference to your despatch No. 21, Consular, of the 29th April, I have the honour to transmit herewith a Report on a journey to Manchuria recently made by His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen. In accordance with your instructions Mr. Parlett has devoted special attention to the question of railway Settlements, as well as to that of the prospects of British trade at Harbin. British trade at present appears to be very small in North Manchuria, and the duties of a Consul at Harbin would be more those of a Political Agent than those usually associated with the office of Consul. As Sir John Jordan points out in his despatch No. 817 of the 14th July to you, His Majesty's Consul-General at Mukden is Consul-General for Manchuria, and, as such, pays periodical visits to Harbin. Until, therefore, there is a large increase in British trade, or until such time as His Majesty's Government may, for political reasons, consider it expedient to have an Agent at Harbin, I agree with Sir John Jordan that there appears to be no immediate necessity for appointing a special Consular officer to the post.\n\nMr. Parlett at the same time lays stress on the potentialities of North Manchuria and suggests that a careful investigation by experts, under the auspices of some representative body like the China Association, might with advantage be made. Sir Alexander Hosie has, however, recently been over all the ground, and his views are embodied in the Report which was forwarded to His Majesty's Government, the contents of which are doubtless known to the China Association.\n\nThe most interesting part in Mr. Parlett's Report lies in what he has to say about the South Manchurian Railway Company and its intimate connection with the Mitsui Bussan Kwaisha. This firm is the most powerful Japanese firm in existence, possessing as it does the strongest political support in Tokió, and, though it has always been difficult to lay any definite charge of differential treatment at the doors of the Japanese in Manchuria, the charges that have—often too recklessly—been made are doubtless in part due to the knowledge of the subtle relationship existing between this firm and the Railway Company.\n\nAnd\n\nAs to the imperium in imperio ordained by the Railway Company with its claim to administrative rights in the railway Settlement and the civil government of Kwantung, it is not unnatural that friction between the respective officials should ensue. this friction is not likely to grow less by reason of Baron Goto's removal to Tôkiô, as he will still be able to directly supervise the management of the Railway Company, and may be expected to support a system which he has created. It appears all too evident that the system of administration in the railway Settlements is gradually assimilating itself to that claimed by the Russians at Harbin. In this connection, namely, that of the growing community of interests between the Russians and the Japanese in Manchuria, I am given to understand that Baron Goto, when in St. Petersburgh, canvassed the support, at any rate the moral support, of the Russian Government on the question of the Fakumen Railway on the ground that its eventual continuation to Tsitsihar would be no less disadvantageous to the Russians than it was to the Japanese.\n\nMr. Parlett finally proposes that a junior member of the Japan Consular Service should be attached to His Majesty's Consulate-General at Mukden in view of the growing influence of the Japanese in Manchuria and the advantage of keeping in close touch with Japanese policy, railway and political. Sir John Jordan, while recognizing these advantages, considers that it might be a matter of offence to the Chinese in general, and Tong Shoayi in particular, as likely to give the impression\n\n[1905 -1]\n\nB", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417186, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 512, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "2\n\nthat His Majesty's Government considered Japanese interests in Manchuria predominant. I am prepared to defer to Sir John Jordan's opinion on this point, at least so long as Tong Shoayi remains Governor of Mukden. suggestions put forward by Mr. Parlett I am in full agreement.\n\nAs regards the other I have, &c. (Signed) CLAUDE M. MACDONALD,\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nNotes by Vice-Consul Parlett on a Journey in Manchuria.\n\nThe Railway Systems-Japanese and Russian.\n\nIT is now possible to make the through journey from Talien (Dairen) to Kwanchengtzu (Kwanjoshi), where the Japanese trains transfer their passengers to the Russian, in a little over twenty-four hours; but in the case of the journey herein described this course of direct travelling on the way north was not followed. In order to make inquiries on the subject of trade and of Japanese enterprises along the line, I got off at Liaoyang, Mukden, Tiehling, and Changchun. The results of my investigations will be found in their proper places under the different headings of this Report. They are very poor, I confess; but with the limited time at my disposal that could scarcely be avoided. Weeks, not days, of patient inquiry are necessary for the compilation of a really satisfactory report.\n\nOf the South Manchuria Railway it is as yet not fair to make any criticism. The line is avowedly in a state of transition, and though it was at one time hoped that by June the whole of the new material ordered from the United States would be available for use, this, owing to an unforeseen accident to the vessel carrying the saloon and other cars, was found impossible of realization. Accordingly certain of the third-class carriages already received were by means of temporary fittings converted into first-class of fair comfort, or into second-class of very indifferent. On the whole, I was very favourably impressed with the efficiency of the line under its new owners, though I noticed that in its anxiety to obtain material at as low a cost as possible the Company has sacrificed good workmanship to cheapness.\n\nIn every carriage in which I travelled, the fittings of the doors and window-sashes, with the sashes themselves, were of very indifferent quality, and showed already, though they had been in use but a few weeks, evident signs of falling into disrepair. There is, in fact, a general air of shoddiness about both carriages and locomotives which does not augur well for their lasting power. The probability is strong that the same will be the case with the new dining, sleeping, and saloon cars, which are, I understand, to be of considerably cheaper make than was originally intended. It must at the same time in justice be owned that too short a time has elapsed to permit of the drawing of hard-and-fast conclusions, and further that, in the case of locomotives, the Americans, who made them, affirm that attention is never paid to outward appearance.\n\nOf the railway guards and their behaviour, the subject of such bitter criticism a few months ago, I can only say that, though no rudeness was offered to me personally, I was not at all favourably impressed by the general behaviour of these men. They are still far too much in evidence, and the manner in which they appeared to me to pass unnecessarily up and down the first-class cars is distinctly calculated to give umbrage to foreign travellers. Their demeanour is, as far as my own observation goes, in marked and unfavourable contrast with that of the Russian guards between Kwanchengtzu and Kharbin. The question, however, is a trivial one, and I do not wish to emphasize it, though my remarks are not unsupported by proof. In a recent issue of the \"Japan Daily Mail,\" I noticed that it was reported that Lady Jordan and other travellers had expressed their great satisfaction with the treatment they had received whilst journeying along the South Manchurian line. this, the \"Japan Mail\" drew certain conclusions.\n\nOn the strength of With these I am at once at issue. A very clear distinction must be drawn between the experience of distinguished travellers journeying under the aegis of official attention and those of the ordinary person. For the former, the way is made as smooth as only Japanese officialdom can make it; the latter must take his chance.\n\nThe behaviour of the ordinary railway servant is, on the whole, unexceptionable, though here again it will probably be necessary before long for the Company to draw\n\n3\n\nthe attention of its employés once more to the stringent Regulations issued by Baron Goto at the beginning of the year. It is so obviously to the interest of the Railway Company to induce the general travelling public to make use of its road that I cannot but think that even the small shortcomings which came to my notice will gradually disappear.\n\nRussian Line.-Kwanchengtsu-Kharbin,\n\nThis is a line well laid and with exceedingly well-built carriages. This is almost all that can be said of it. Though the distance between Kwanchengtzu and Kharbin is only about 140 miles, eleven hours are taken covering it. At Kwanchengtzu not one official at the station speaks any language but Russian; passengers from Kharbin to the south are only carried as far as Kwanchengtzu, where they must alight and purchase another ticket for Hsi-kwanchengtzu, the Japanese terminus, a couple of miles further on; and the arrangements for registering baggage are so complicated that it is advisable, wherever possible, for the traveller to carry his belongings with him into his own compartment. I myself saw on the night of my departure from Kwanchengizu scores of Chinese passengers entering carriages with huge bundles, which must have represented practically all their worldly belongings. It can thus be easily understood how space really intended for travellers is monopolized by luggage. But the whole line is run in a \"go-as-you-please\" manner, which seems to reflect with fair accuracy the peculiar ineptitude of the Russian in matters of commercial organization. If he does not rouse quickly from his apathy, he is likely to be rudely awakened by his strenuously energetic Japanese rival.\n\nWhile in Mukden, I had an interview with Major Sato, an army officer who has been lent by the Japanese War Office to the Railway, and of him I made guarded inquiries about the reported purchase of the Changchun (Kwanchengtzu)-Kharbin section. He laughed at the idea, saying that, glad though Japan would be to see its accomplishment, the scheme was hopeless. Russia would not sell, or granting even that she were willing to do so, her price would be such that Japan could never buy. At the same time Major Sato gave me to understand that Baron Goto had been successful in making an arrangement with the Chinese Eastern Railway authorities in St. Petersburgh by which certain of the Japanese trains--\"wagons-lit,\" I presume---- would be fitted with convertible gear and allowed to run as far as Irkutsk. (This information Mr. Willis telegraphed to Tokio and Peking.) Simultaneously, an understanding was arrived at on the question of transfer from one system to the other at Kwanchengizu and Hsi-kwanchengtzu,\" and the present unsatisfactory arrangements are even now in course of being remedied, Mr. Tanaka, the Director of Transport on the South Manchuria line, having already gone north to negotiate with the Russian railway authorities at Kharbin.\n\nCaptain Salmond in his Report on conditions at Kharbin lays particular stress on the strategic value of this portion of the Chinese Eastern Railway line.\n\nI am entirely in accord with his opinion. It appears to me a matter of vital importance, both for the integrity of this part of China and also for our own commercial interests, that under no circumstances should the line be allowed to pass into the hands of the Japanese. They are already a sufficiently serious menace; it is not necessary to allow them to obtain possession of another weapon of aggression. I gather, however, from the tone of his Excellency Sir Claude MacDonald's despatch No. 251 of the 30th October, 1907, that there is something in the alleged secret Agreement between Japan and Russia which would militate against the acquisition of the line by the Chinese Government, which is what Captain Salmond suggests. This is in many ways to be regretted. With the section in question in Chinese hands, and under the management of the Imperial Railways of North China, we should probably hear less, not only of preferential treatment further south, but also of Russian and Japanese designs for erecting a ringed fence round the north of Manchuria. It must at the same time be confessed that this change of ownership would be fraught with peril. China would be in a position to dictate what terms she pleased to Japan, and could, indeed, limit the activities of the latter to the comparatively less fertile regions south of Changchun. It seems to me highly probable that, in her present mood, she would not be slow to avail herself of the weapon placed in her hands, with results that might easily become dangerous. It is, however, so improbable that Japan would acquiesce in any\n\n* When the Changchun-Kwanchengtzu section is completed, the junction for both lines will be Changchun.\n\n509", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417187, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 513, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "arrangement of the kind suggested, that the point is scarce worth serious consideration,\n\nCharacter of the Country.\n\nThe leased territory, as seen from the windows of the train, is apparently by far the most barren part of Manchuria. The soil is poor and stony, the country hilly and bare of trees, the hillsides seamed with deep gullies, where the torrential rains of summer have for centuries eaten deep into the crumbling soil. It is an altogether barren and desolate land, in which the only profitable crop is \"kaoliang\" (sorghum millet). With afforestation, to which the Japanese are paying close attention, all this might perhaps be changed, but years must first elapse, and, in any case, it is very doubtful if the ultimate reward would be worth the antecedent toil.\n\nNear Liaoyang an improvement is noticeable. Gaunt hills still rise at intervals, but broad plains intervene, and the soil becomes less stony and darker in colour. The chief crop is still \"kaoliang,\" though bean-fields increase in number. From Liaoyang northwards the soil improves, till in the neighbourhood of Tiehling it becomes the rich loam of the wheat-belt. Ranges of hills are seen at various points, but as a rule the country is rolling, reminding one somewhat of an English landscape, save that the horizon is very much broader.\n\nOf its immense fertility and, under improved methods of agriculture, vast productiveness there can be no doubt.\n\nRailway Settlements.\n\nA Table is annexed to this Report giving details of the land actually known to be in the possession of the Railway at the various points along the line and a gross total of the area the ownership of which is admittedly doubtful. But definite information of the locality of the latter areas or of the circumstances rendering their ownership uncertain are not to be obtained either at Dairen or up-country. Not only was I refused permission at the head offices of the Railway Company to inspect the original Russian maps, which would have enabled me to form some idea of the topographical relation of the various railway Settlements to the Chinese towns near them, but the names also of localities in which questions of ownership awaited decision were denied me. It was with considerable difficulty that I succeeded in obtaining even the general list just mentioned. Under the circumstances, I fear I can add but little to the information already at the disposition of His Majesty's Government.\n\nAt Liaoyang, where about 1,517 acres have already been definitely settled as railway property, I was told by the Japanese Vice-Consul that the determination of ownership was proving a very difficult matter. Original site marked out by the Chinese Eastern Railway Company for its own use, It appears that, in addition to the the Russian military authorities on three subsequent occasions purchased through the local Chinese officials further lots of ground, their intention being, so my informant asserted, to make this place a large military centre. Now the original Chinese owners are coming forward to claim the ground thus acquired, contending, apparently in many cases justly, that the land had never been paid for. The money that had passed between the Russians and the local officials had remained in the pockets of the latter. It seems to me that in any case it is distinctly doubtful if sites thus acquired for military purposes can be justly held to be part of the railway property.\n\nThe Settlement (railway) at Liaoyang lies between the line and the walls of the Chinese city, coming indeed close up to the gates of the latter, and it is, as far as I could ascertain, rectangular in shape. At Mukden conditions are similar. There are the same disputes about ownership, and here again the best land, namely, that adjacent to the station, is all railway property. The area of the Settlement (1,629 acres as at present determined) is in itself sufficient to show that the approaches to the line are virtually entirely in the hands of the Japanese, and that in self-defence merchants will eventually be obliged to reside inside what will presently be the Japanese town of Mukden.\n\nMr. Willis, the Acting Consul-General at Mukden, who is in close touch with the Chinese authorities, is of opinion that the Japanese have not been entirely just in their methods of acquiring land at that place, but he has hitherto experienced difficulty in obtaining satisfactory evidence in support of his contention. However, that he hopes to obtain from the Chinese officials one of the original Russian maps defining clearly the area which the Chinese Eastern Railway claimed as its own. If he succeeds, some light may then be thrown on the character of the Japanese claims.\n\nAt Tiehling, I was informed by the Japanese Consul that there were no outstanding questions of ownership; but the truth of this assertion was absolutely denied at the head office of the Railway, when I made inquiries on the subject on my return to Dairen. On the contrary, I gathered that the Tiehling Settlement question was a somewhat vexatious one. In excuse for this apparent \"terminological inexactitude\" on the part of the Consul, it may fairly be urged that, as he entered on his duties only a few days before my arrival, he could scarcely be expected to be au fait with the work of his office.\n\nAt this place again, the railway Settlement, rectangular in shape, lies between the station and the town, a super-excellent strategical position commercially. From the top left-hand corner of the rectangle a long narrow strip of land, also included in the Settlement, stretches some two miles or more to the landing-place of Bahoko on the Liao River. This is the spot at which junks ship their cargoes of bean and bean-cake for Newchwang.\n\nThe Changchun Settlement calls for no particular comment. Irregular in shape and lying like the other Settlements between the railway and the town, it is made up of land purchased from the Chinese with the money paid by the Russians as compensation for the renunciation by the Japanese of that half of Kwanchengtzu Station to which they are entitled. So far the Japanese at Changchun have evinced no desire to avail themselves of the superior position of the Settlement site, though their houses cluster just outside its borders. The explanation given me was that inside the Settlement there are taxes and other disagreeable things, outside none.\n\nThe original plans of all the sites acquired by the Chinese Eastern Railway were recently handed over to the South Manchuria Railway Company, and they are, I understand, so well drawn up that the task of determining the rightful ownership in disputed cases promises to be a fairly easy one. Major Sato, my informant, asserted that there was not much difference in the area of the land claimed by the Russian Company, and that claimed by its Japanese successor. In his opinion, there was little question that most of the sites now the subject of contention had been undoubtedly purchased, but at so ridiculously low a figure that the only assumption possible was that the rightful owners had not been compensated, the proceeds of sales having in all probability found their way into the pockets of the Chinese officials.\n\nLocal Settlements.--Railway Administration in.\n\nBoth from His Majesty's Consulate-General at Mukden, and from this Vice-Consulate, translations have been sent to Tokio and Peking of the Regulations issued for the control of residents within the railway Settlements and of those defining the relationship of the Japanese Consuls in Manchuria with the Kwantung Governor-General. The pretensions of the South Manchuria Railway Company, similar virtually to those advanced by the Chinese Eastern Railway at Kharbin, are therefore familiar to His Majesty's Government. The latter has also defined its attitude in the case of Kharbin, so that it is unnecessary for me to refer further to the subject or to recapitulate the arguments put forward by the United States' Consul at the town just mentioned in defence of his action. I should like, however, to say that I am driven by the general impression left on my mind as the result of personal observation to concur in the opinion expressed by Mr. Willis in the last paragraph of his despatch No. 14 of the 17th February of this year. The general question of the railway pretensions is of course one which to us is for the time being of academic interest only, but it may in the near future become of considerable practical moment.\n\nI am of opinion that if a necessity exists to dispute the claims of the Chinese Eastern Railway, much greater is that necessity in the case of those of the South Manchuria Railway Company. Dismissing from consideration abstract questions of extra-territoriality, the interpretation of clauses of railway Agreements, China's sovereign rights, &c., which have already received the attention of His Majesty's Government, there exist in my opinion in connection with the South Manchuria Railway Company certain grave practical inconveniences which appear to me to be at present absent from the Kharbin question. The Japanese line is not merely a political machine like the Russian; it is in addition of sheer necessity revenue-seeking. We cannot therefore expect for our nationals that modification in\n\nPage 5", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417188, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 514, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "practice adumbrated, as mentioned in Sir John Jordan's despatch No. 97 of the 2nd March of this year, by M. Pokotilow when the Chinese Eastern Railway's pretensions were being discussed. My own experience at Dairen has been that in the assessment of these very taxes and charges which the railway claims the right to levy inside its zone the natural and almost unconscious tendency of the local authorities is to impose on the alien a differential and unfavourable tariff, for the simple reason that he is an alien, and must therefore undoubtedly be a richer man than a Japanese. These attempts to differentiate may here as a rule be opposed with success by referring the question to the higher governing authorities, but I doubt greatly if this will be the case when we deal with a Company ostensibly private and practically responsible only to itself.\n\nI am also of opinion that our grounds for dissatisfaction will not rest there, but that we shall find the Railway Company taking advantage of its position, already sufficiently strong without the acquisition of administrative rights, to push in covert ways the interests of Japanese merchants at the expense of those of foreign. It must be borne in mind when considering this and kindred questions that the present constitution of the Railway Board militates against impartial treatment. I have on more than one occasion pointed out in my despatches that there is some subtle relationship between the railway and the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha, which cannot but fill one with distrust.\n\nThere is no secret about it. Both Mr. Kusakabe, the Head of the Foreign Affairs Bureau in the Governor-General's office, and Mr. Chikaraishi, the local Administrator at Dairen, have in private conversation spoken to me with considerable frankness on the subject. The former, in fact, went so far as to say that the Railway Company was really a Mitsui Bussan Kaisha concern; while the latter openly confessed that the Governor-General went in awe of the Company and was afraid to try a fall with it.\n\nThe reason given by Mr. Chikaraishi for this singular enunciation was the presence of Baron Goto. I need scarcely allude to the past history or services of this gentleman. From the Japanese point of view, he has been a very distinguished Civil servant, but I doubt if there exists any foreign official or merchant who looks back with satisfaction to his relations with the ex-Administrator of Formosa. Among his own countrymen, the President of the Railway has the reputation of being not only arbitrary, but inordinately ambitious and dictatorial. We should, therefore, I think, be prepared, so long as he directs the fortunes of the Company, for a policy of aggression.\n\nHis power for the moment is such that, as Mr. Chikaraishi says, no one can hope to oppose him with success. Already in the leased territory collisions have taken place between the regularly constituted authorities and those of the railway on those very questions which are engaging attention further north. There is one system of administration for the general public, another for the Company and its employés, and the regulations and taxes which are in force up to the borders of the railway Settlements may not be applied inside, their place being taken by other rules and charges of the Company's own making.\n\nIt is not difficult to understand the umbrage which this imperium in imperio gives the regular Government officials, who see their own Administration replaced inside the charmed circle by another evolved by a corporation consisting of persons who, for the most part, have never been members of the official hierarchy. These are not the complaints of one person only. They were echoed by every Japanese Consular officer I met on my journey, the universal prediction being that, with the development of the Settlements along the line, friction between the two authorities would be increasingly frequent and acute. Thus, even among the Japanese this assumption by the Railway Company of administrative authority is not viewed with perfect equanimity.\n\nPage 13\n\nJapanese Trade-Prospects of.\n\nI found in Manchuria a tendency among Japanese officials to take rather a pessimistic view of the future for Japanese trade. Vice-Consul informed me that business in his district was very poor, and that, in his opinion, it was doubtful if it would ever be really good. Both Japanese and foreigners had, he said, over-estimated the prospects of South Manchuria, to their present mutual disappointment. (This is the view expressed by Sir John Jordan in his despatch to the Foreign Office of the 21st November last.)\n\nIt had been suggested that farming prospects would be improved if wheat were substituted for \"kaoliang\" as a crop; but the advocates of this change forgot that \"kaoliang\" was not merely a foodstuff, but in a Chinese household fulfilled almost every useful purpose save that of clothing. Its stalks were used as fodder, as fuel, for roofing, matting, the manufacture of fans, and for building purposes generally. This was by no means the case with wheat.\n\nThe same official asserted that unless the South Manchuria Railway Company lowered its freight charges considerably it would never be able thoroughly to overcome the competition of the cart traffic to and from Newchwang. His explanation was that in the winter months, when the earth was frozen and the farmers unable to employ their cattle for agricultural purposes, they preferred to use them in carting produce to and from Newchwang, even at ruinously cheap rates, to having the animals idle in their stables.\n\nFurther, with regard to the often expressed surprise of the traveller at the poverty of the Manchurian farmer in comparison with the richness of the land he tills, it should be remembered that this was mainly due to the fact that throughout the country the field labourer was not a native of the soil. Holdings were big, the inhabitants few, and farming implements primitive; the inevitable result was that labour must be imported from abroad.\n\nSo with each spring there drifted up, like birds of passage, hordes of farm-hands from Shantung and other parts of China. These men remained throughout the summer, but as soon as the crops were gathered in and the first cold of winter felt, they disappeared with their earnings to their own homes. Thus the wealth of Manchuria was scattered over China, and for the farmer himself there was left but sufficient to help him over the period of idleness which must last till the coming of spring.\n\nA further cause for pessimism in Japanese official circles was apparently the scarcity among the tide of immigrants of responsible merchants. Everywhere I heard it asserted that, if the troops and the hundreds of labourers and mechanics now employed in the railway shops or on the construction works along the line were removed, the Japanese Colonies would shrink almost into nothingness, for it was on those two classes that the latter lived.\n\nIn other words, the bulk of Japanese trade in Manchuria is paid for out of Japanese pockets. These views are in their way correct; but personally I do not think that the position is so unpromising as the Japanese themselves assert. I doubt very much, too, if they entirely believe it themselves. They are, in my opinion, in too great a hurry to see immediate and favourable results, forgetting that the present state of depression is not confined to Manchuria alone.\n\nThis is a vast province of untold possibilities, and though the prospects of development in South Manchuria have been over-rated, there still remains a huge and infinitely more fertile area in the north, which, with the multiplication of the channels of communication, must inevitably in the future become a great market for the goods not only of Japan, but, it is to be hoped, of other nations.\n\nJapan is aware of this, and it is north and north-east that the tide of immigration is slowly setting. The direction will become more noticeable when the contemplated railway between Changchun and Kirin is completed and the fertile districts round the latter are brought into closer touch with the outer world.\n\nAs an agriculturist the Japanese cannot compete with the native; but he should—because Japan is so near at hand with her large supplies of cheap goods, to which, for a time at all events, the new markets will be limited—be able to secure the major share of trade.\n\nThere is also the milling of the grain produced in the great North Manchurian wheat-belt, to which reference is made in Captain Salmond's Report. For the moment, thanks to the mismanagement of the Russian mill-owners at Kharbin and to the fact that their trade was a war trade only, the prospect is unpromising; but this will not always be so.\n\nI am one with Captain Salmond in thinking that there is a very great future for Manchurian flour, and that, given energetic and careful management, there is absolutely no reason why the produce of the Manchurian mills should not completely drive out of Manchuria and Japan at least the American-made article. It is simply in my opinion a matter of time. Manchurian flour is in so advantageous a position compared with American that the market must eventually fall into its possession.\n\nThe Japanese are aware of this. Mr. Kawakami, the Consul-General at Kharbin, confessed to me that he had already considered the possibility of Japanese merchants acquiring those empty bankrupt mills which line the banks of the Sungari in Kharbin-Pristan, but that his nationals were too suspicious of Russia and Russian merchants to wish to sink capital in enterprises so far from home.\n\nIt would be well worth the while of British capitalists to devote some attention to the opportunity for successful investment which appears to me to offer in this direction. It is true that, apart from the present cost of production, there is a certain aversion among the Chinese to Manchurian flour because of its somewhat dark colour, but this should easily be overcome.\n\nOf the demand for British goods I cannot speak with any authority; but I\n\nPage 511", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417189, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 515, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "I understand that the market for woollen cloth is quite promising, and that Indian yarns have a better sale than any others over the whole province. Fancy and miscellaneous goods are for the most part German or Japanese, and the same, I believe, is the case with the cheaper forms of farming implements. Though I do not wish to speak dogmatically, it seems to me that the demand for foreign goods generally must improve as the north and north-eastern parts of the province are gradually brought into touch with the outer world. I would therefore ask if it is not possible for the north Manchurian markets to be made the subject of careful investigation by experts under the auspices of some representative body like the China Association. It is obvious that with the best intentions in the world the ordinary Consular officer has not the technical training necessary to determine with real accuracy the latent possibilities of these new markets. And, as \"God helps those who help themselves,\" it would be more to the point if British merchants laid aside their methods of verbal complaint against their Japanese rivals in favour of the more practical system of endeavouring to forestall their ambitious designs.\n\nIn connection with the railway Settlements, I should state that of those I saw the most promising was Tiehling. Though the work of construction here was only commencing, there was an air of comparative prosperity about the place which promised well for the future. This is easily intelligible because Tiehling is an important centre for the bean and bean-cake trade, and at the same time a port of shipment on the Liao for merchandise destined for Newchwang.\n\nCareful and systematic plans have been drawn up of all the Settlements along the line, and there is no doubt in my mind that these places will, when they are completed, by the mere force of their respectable organization attract merchants both Chinese and Japanese to reside within their borders. Trade will naturally follow suit.\n\nKharbin.\n\nKharbin is full of an air of despondency. The trade, such as it is, appears from inquiries I made to be mainly in the hands of the Jews and the Germans, with whom the Russian, who is a child in business matters and fated for years to be exploited by others, cannot hope to compete. It has frequently, if I recollect rightly, been stated that Kharbin's prosperity depended entirely on the recent war, and perhaps from the Russian point of view this is correct. This dictum does not, however, take into account the fact that of far more importance than the trade just alluded to, which is a parasitical one of Russian preying on Russian—an exact counterpart of what is happening to-day on a smaller scale in the Japanese railway Settlements—is that with the Chinese. This, by reason of Kharbin's situation within the wheat-belt and on a broad and navigable river, the Sungari, seems likely to become full of promise when the period of depression and despondency succeeding the war passes away. It is difficult, nevertheless, to anticipate what share will fall to the British merchant.\n\nThe United States' Consul, of whom I made inquiries generally, told me that there was quite a respectable demand for British woollen articles, which came apparently by way of Newchwang or Vladivostock. He could not, however, instance any other English-made goods for which there was any sale. Nor were there any British subjects in the town. There was no room, in his opinion, for a foreign bank at present. Any business going was willingly taken up by the Russo-Chinese Bank. Mr. Kawakami, the Japanese Consul-General, was even stronger on the same subject. According to him, the Siberian Commercial Bank had endeavoured to open a branch in the town, but had been warned off because the place was regarded as a preserve of the other institution. I think this is probably the reason why the Yokohama Specie Bank, which has branches as far north as Kwanchengtzu, has not yet put in an appearance at Kharbin.\n\nThe United States' Consul was very anxious to persuade me of the necessity of establishing a British Consular officer at this place, asserting that if this were not done we should find too late that our share of the trade had been captured by the Germans. I take it, however, that his anxiety was really mainly prompted by his desire to have someone to back him in his attitude against the Chinese Eastern Railway. The uses of the stalking-horse are quite familiar to both Americans and Germans in the Far East.\n\nThe other Powers represented at Kharbin are Russia, by a Consul-General; Belgium, by a Consul; France, by a Consular Agent; and Spain, by a Commercial Attaché. It is also reported that a German Consulate is shortly to be opened.\n\nConsidered from the point of view of actual existing trade interests, it does not appear to me that the presence of a British Consular officer in Kharbin is immediately necessary; on the other hand, the political situation is such that it may in the near future become highly desirable, for the safeguarding of British interests, that His Majesty's Government be represented on the spot. Signs are not wanting of Japan's desire to effect a rapprochement with Russia, and though it by no means follows that the consummation of such an object would necessarily be attended with disadvantage to ourselves, it nevertheless appears to me distinctly desirable that the actions of the two Powers in the north of Manchuria should not be allowed to pass disregarded. I can think of no locality more suitable for purposes of scrutiny or the acquisition of intelligence than Kharbin, and for these reasons only would I recommend that the establishment of a Consular officer at Kharbin be taken into serious consideration. Pending the decision of His Majesty's Government in the matter, I would suggest that British interests in the town be confided to the care of His Majesty's Consul-General at Mukden.\n\nIn addition to Kharbin, there is another trade-mart in Manchuria which seems to me worthy of attention. This is Kirin, which is presently to be linked by a branch line to the South Manchuria Railway's system. There is no reason why at this place, which lies in one of the most fertile districts of Manchuria, promising openings should not be found for British trade. I would therefore recommend that it be made the subject of investigation when the railway linking it with Changchun is completed.\n\nFinally, I would beg leave to submit the following suggestions for the consideration of His Majesty's Government:\n\n1. That an Assistant from the Japan Consular Service be attached to His Majesty's Consulate-General at Mukden, to enable the officer in charge of that post to keep in close touch with the Japanese. On this suggestion I wish to lay some emphasis. Mukden is the senior Japanese Consular post along the line, and to it all the other Consulates report. It is also, next to Dairen, the most important of the Railway Company's offices. It is, finally, the Chinese seat of government in this part of Manchuria, and consequently the place to which every question affecting the Japanese throughout the province must at some time or other be referred. For His Majesty's Consul-General at Mukden to form a correct opinion of questions concerning Chinese and Japanese, or Japanese and foreigners, he should have an accurate knowledge not only of the Chinese language and ways of thought, but also of the Japanese. This, under present circumstances, is an impossibility. Yet if he does not possess this knowledge, he is unable to form a correct estimate of the reasons and objects directing Japanese action, or to obtain full and correct information on matters concerning Japanese policy, railway or political. Mukden is a city which appears to me to be almost as important from a Japanese point of view as from a Chinese, and for His Majesty's Consul-General to be in a position to report authoritatively on both, it seems to me distinctly necessary that he should receive assistance from the Japan establishment. I would therefore, subject naturally to the approval of His Majesty's Minister at Peking, and His Majesty's Consul-General at Mukden, strongly recommend that an assistant be selected from the Japan service for temporary service in the Consulate-General at the latter place, and that the appointment depend solely on qualifications, and not on seniority;\n\n2. That, even at the risk of overlapping, His Majesty's Vice-Consul be authorized to report on any question in Manchuria in which the Japanese are concerned. It will be remembered that the limit of his jurisdiction is the frontier of the leased territory. I do not think it is necessary to advance reasons in support of this proposal, but if considered necessary they will be forthcoming;\n\n3. That, as I suggested in a private letter to His Majesty's Embassy in Tokyo last year, copies of despatches of general interest be exchanged between the Consulates in Manchuria; or\n\n4. That, if this be found impossible in practice, they be supplied with copies of the print when it refers to Manchuria.\n\nI venture to offer these suggestions because it appears to me that their practical realization would result in the increased usefulness to the public service of the officers concerned. It is obvious that in the open markets of Manchuria, every one of which is a piece of China and a piece of Japan, questions in which the latter are concerned cannot be treated as isolated and independent, but as a part of a whole.\n\nPage 512", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417190, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 516, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "10\n\nreason it seems to me that, if a correct perspective and full information are to be obtained, what happens at Dairen must be reported to Mukden, Newchwang, and Antung, and vice versá,\n\nLü-shun\n\n11\n\nFort Arthur Branch Line.\n\n \n Station\n For use of Line\n For use of Station\n \n \n \n Acres sq. yds.\n Acres sq. yds.\n \n \n \n 43\n 4,384\n \n\nAnnex, Area of Railway Station and Railway Line Reserves of the South Manchuria Railway,\n\nMAIN LINE.-Leased Territory.\n\n \n Station\n For use of Line\n For use of Station\n \n \n \n Acres sq. yds.\n Acres sq. yds.\n \n \n Chang-ling-tzu\n \n \n \n \n Ying-cheng-tzu\n \n \n \n \n Hsia-chia-bo-tzu..\n \n \n \n \n Nan-kuan-ling\n \n \n \n \n Dairen..\n 217 3,080\n 104\n \n \n Chou-shui-tzu ..\n \n 576 4,844\n \n \n Nan-kuan-ling\n \n 3,164\n \n \n Ta-fang-shen\n 11 276\n \n \n \n \n 4,640*\n 81\n \n \n \n \n 4,584\n \n \n \n 964\n \n \n \n \n 88\n \n \n \n \n 3,736\n \n \n \n Chin-chou\n 84\n \n \n \n \n 3,208\n 117\n \n \n \n \n 2,088\n \n \n Er-shih-li-tai\n 426\n \n \n \n \n 3,936\n 49\n \n \n \n \n 1,684\n \n \n San-shih-li-pu\n 209\n \n \n \n Shih-po\n 199\n \n \n \n \n 1,180\n 568\n \n \n \n \n 109\n \n \n Pu-lan-tien\n 168\n \n \n \n \n 4,108\n 119\n \n \n \n \n 1,218\n \n \n \n 12 2,560\n \n \n \n \n 2,424\n \n \n \n Liang chia\n 97\n \n \n \n \n 2,152\n 82\n \n \n \n \n 192\n \n \n Chou-chie\n 41\n \n \n \n \n 2,176\n \n \n \n Total\n 1,733\n \n \n \n \n 1,812\n 1,342\n \n \n \n \n 1,804\n \n \n **\n \n \n \n \n Triangular in shape.\n \n \n \n \n Remarks.\n \n \n \n\n626 3,636\n\n55\n\n672\n\n \n Total\n 224 1,540\n 219 4,172\n \n \n \n 220. 4,140\n \n \n \n \n 1,191 3,808\n \n \n \n \n 127 2,260\n 49 3,656\n \n \n \n 276 1,292\n \n \n \n Remarks.\n \n \n \n\nOf this, 8 a. 1,280 sq. yds. in the neighbourhood of the Civil Administration Bureau jetty was included on the Russian plans in the railway reserve, but it is now no longer so included.\n\nLiu-shu-tun Branch Line.\n\n \n Station\n For use of Line\n For use of Station\n \n \n Liu-shu-tun\n 101 2,700\n 37 920\n \n \n Total within the leased territory,\n 5,515 a. 2,084 sq. yds.\n \n \n \n Area attached to the railway (excluding 29 a. 3,640 sq. yds. transferred to the Civil Administration Bureau),\n 5,486 a. 444 sq. yds,\n \n \n\nBetween Dairen and Chou-shui-tzu the railway reserve extends for 210 feet on either side of the line. This does not include land and house property belonging to individuals. Ditto.\n\nInside the railway reserve are the following Abandoned line from Er-shih-li-tai, 24 a. 3,840 sq. yds. Sea front at Chung-chia-lou, 49 a. 4,230 sq. yds. Triangular area, 74 a. 2,784 sq. yds. Abandoned line to Chung-chia-l 89 a. 1,916 sq. yds.\n\nArea within the station reserve handed over to the control of the Civil Administration Bureau, 21 a. 2,360 sq. yds.\n\nTien chia\n\nPlaces attached to the Railway.\n\n \n Name of Locality\n Area\n \n \n Pac-tzu-yai..\n Acres sq. yds. 737 4,776\n \n \n Chou-shui-tzu to Pao-tzu-yai\n \n \n \n Chou-shui-tzu\n 5 3,000\n \n \n \n 52 2,532\n \n \n Total\n 803\n \n \n \n 628\n \n \n Remarks.\n \n \n\nMAIN LINE-Outside Leased Territory.\n\n \n Station\n For use of Line\n For use of Station\n \n \n \n Acres sq. yds.\n Acres sq. yds.\n \n \n \n 111 5,356\n 81 4,564\n \n \n Wa-fang-tien\n 157 2,008\n 586 36\n \n \n Wang-chia-tun\n 86 3,512\n 81 4,352\n \n \n Te-li-tzu\n 168 1,404\n 458 4,000\n \n \n Sung-shu\n 98 752\n 102 2,076\n \n \n Kuan-tzu\n 189 4,496\n 91 232\n \n \n Wan-chia-ling\n 398 3,960\n \n \n \n Hei-chia-tun\n 674 0\n 359\n \n \n \n \n 472 1,816\n \n \n Chitsai chai\n 100 708\n 68\n \n \n Hsiung-yueh-cheng\n 139 468\n 1,102 4,600\n \n \n \n \n 1,400\n \n \n Lu-chia-tun\n 139 2,012\n 81\n \n \n Sha-kong\n 260 876\n 87 3,736\n \n \n \n \n 4,564\n \n \n Kai-ping\n 147 3,032\n 832 820\n \n \n Pai-chi..\n 125 261\n 102 2,076\n \n \n Tai-ping-shan\n 149 724\n 95 2,904\n \n \n Ta-shin-chino\n 178 340\n 782 3,440\n \n \n Fen-shui\n 114 0\n 79 672\n \n \n \n 105 4,792\n 81 4,564\n \n \n \n 143 2,733\n 81 4,748\n \n \n \n 91 3,144\n \n \n \n \n 613 2,112\n \n \n \n \n 124 968\n 82 2,316\n \n \n \n 182 2,796\n 81 4,564\n \n \n \n $10 2,620\n \n \n \n \n SL 4,780\n \n \n \n \n 158 1,476\n 81 4,564\n \n\n[1905 f-1]\n\nQuarry reserve (fixed by agreement with the Civil Administration Bureau). Chou-shui-tzu-Pao-tzu-yai branch line reserve (7,000 feet on either side of the line). Including branch line to brick works.\n\nTa-shan\n\nTang-wang-shan\n\nHai-cheng\n\nNan-tai\n\nTang-kong-tzu\n\nAn-shun-chan\n\nLi-shan\n\nRemarks.\n\nRailway reserve extends from Chou-chie to Tien-chia.\n\nArea of Li-lin-kou, situated within the railway reserve, 47 a. 2,704 sq. yds. Area reserved for Hsü-chia-tun station within the station reserve, 102 a, 2,704 sq. yds.\n\nSand quarry in station reserve, 282 a. 316 sq. yds.\n\nSpace occupied by Sun-chia-tai and the riparian area on the left bank of the Sha-ho, within the railway reserve, 88 a. 4,068 sq. yds.\n\nStone quarry within railway reserve, 28 a, 3,948 sq, yds.\n\nTang-kong-tzu hot springs, within railway reserve, 53 a. 3,260 sq. yds.\n\nE\n\n513", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417332, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 44, "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "C.O.\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.764\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[32539]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nBLO\n\n[September 19.]'\n\nJ. 15 OCT 08:\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n(No. 206.) Sir,\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.~(Received September 19.)\n\nTokió, August 20, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to forward copy of a despatch, with its inclosures, which I have received from the Acting British Vice-Consul at Dairen on the subject of the proposed afforestation of the leased territory.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\n(No. 73.) Sir.\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nActing Vice-Consul Phipps to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, August 10, 1908. I HAVE the honour to transmit to your Excellency herewith a translation, with original, of the Regulations issued on the 8th instant by the Governor-General of the leased territory for the encouragement of afforestation, together with a translation of an article commenting thereon which appeared on the same date in the \"Manshu Nichi-nichi Shimbun,\" a newspaper published at this port.\n\nThe present barren and treeless condition of the hill-sides in this part of Manchuria will render the work of afforestation a difficult and lengthy process. A beginning was made by the Russians on the hills at the back of Dairen, and the work has been carried on by the Japanese. The young trees, however, suffer considerably from the depredations of the Chinese, who think much more of obtaining cheap firewood or fodder for their animals than of any ambitious afforestation schemes.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nG. H. PHIPPS.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nKwantung Government-General Notification No. 45 of August 8, 1908.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nTHE Regulations for the encouragement of afforestation are determined as follows:---\n\n(Signed) OSHIMA YOSHIMASA,\n\nAugust 8, 1908.\n\nGovernor-General of Kwantung.\n\nKwantung Province Afforestation Encouragement Regulations.\n\nArticle 1. Land belonging to the Government shall be leased free of charge to persons desirous of using the land for the purpose of afforestation, provided that such persons are considered suitable by the Governor-General of Kwantung.\n\nThe preceding paragraph applies also to villages and associations desirous of using land belonging to the Government for the purpose of afforestation.\n\nArt. 2. Seeds and seedlings shall be given free of charge to persons desirous of undertaking afforestation, provided that such persons are considered suitable by the Governor-General of Kwantung.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417333, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 45, "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "Art. 3. Persons desirous of obtaining leases of land shall make application on Form I hereto annexed, and persons desirous of obtaining grants of seeds and seedlings shall make application on Form II before the last day of September in each year, and such applications shall be forwarded through the Director of the Civil Administration Bureau within whose jurisdiction the applicant resides to the Governor-General of Kwantung.\n\nArt. 4. Afforestation areas shall be free of taxation,\n\nArt. 5. The Governor-General of Kwantung shall give to persons obtaining a lease of land belonging to the Government a certificate of lease bearing the conditions of the said lease.\n\nWhen seeds and seedlings are given free of charge, conditions shall sometimes be imposed,\n\nAdditional Regulation.\n\nThis Notification shall take effect from the date of promulgation.\n\n4. Proportion of afforestation to be effected (annually).\n\nFirst year ( year of Meiji).\n\n \n Area.\n Kind and number of seedlings.\n Number to each tsubo.\n Cost of planting, yen.\n Number of labourers,\n \n \n \n \n \n \n (Cost of construction of forest roads and strips of ground to be left unplanted to prevent the spread of fire to be included)\n \n\nSecond year (as in case of first year).\n\nFORM II.\n\nApplication for Grant of Seeds and Seedlings.\n\nName of association, village, or hamlet. Description of Government-owned land (applied for).\n\nAnnexes.\n\nFORM I.\n\nApplication for Lease free of charge of Land belonging to the Government for the purpose of Afforestation.\n\nNAME, or name of association, village, hamlet, &c.\n\nArea of Government-owned land (applied for). Boundaries of land for which application is made :--\n\nEastern boundary,\n\nSouthern boundary,\n\nWestern boundary,\n\nNorthern boundary,\n\nravine.\n\npeak.\n\nI beg to request that land may be leased to me as above free of charge for the purpose of afforestation. I inclose herewith sketch map, together with a statement of the method (to be employed) in the said undertaking, and beg to make application in accordance with the Regulations for the encouragement of afforestation in the Kwantung Province.\n\nDay, month, year.\n\nTo the Governor-General of Kwantung,\n\nName.\n\nResidence.\n\n(Or name and residence of representative of Association or Village.)\n\nStatement of Method (to be employed) in the said undertaking.\n\n1. Area of Government-owned land (applied for),\n\nApportionment. :—\n\nAfforestation area:\n\nRoads, strips of ground left unplanted to prevent the spread of fire. Other areas not to be afforested.\n\n2. Method of planting, kind and quantity of seeds and seedlings.\n\n3. Capital invested and method of superintendence.\n\nThis paragraph only applies to cases of afforestation by associations or villages. Under \"capital invested\" the amount of money and the method of supply of labour must be given in outline, and under \"superintendence\" the protection of the afforestation area.\n\nKIND of seedlings (seeds). Number (quantity).\n\n(In case of land not owned by the Government), area in tsubo of land to be planted. Number of plants to be planted per tsubo.\n\nI am desirous of effecting afforestation as above, commencing in the month of the year of Meiji, by the month, and I beg to make application in accordance with the Regulations for the encouragement of afforestation in the Kwantung Province.\n\nDay, month, year,\n\nTo the Governor-General of Kwantung.\n\nName.\n\nResidence.\n\n(In cases of associations or villages)--\n\nName of representative. Residence.\n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1,\n\nExtract from the “Manshu Nichi-nichi Shimbun\" of August 8, 1908.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nTHE AFFORESTATION PLANS OF THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL'S OFFICE.\n\nIT is but human nature for us, who are natives of a land of lovely scenery, to yearn in dry and uninteresting Manchuria after our motherland, and, this being so, not only is it impossible for residents to feel that they are making this country a place of permanent abode, but, further, the development of Manchuria is in no small degree affected. With a view, by the encouragement of afforestation within the Kwantung Province, on the one hand to improving the scenery and directly affording very great relief to residents, and on the other hand to bringing about the development of forestry and agriculture, it is said that the Kwantung Government-General will lease free of charge mountain land and uncultivated land to persons whom it considers suitable, and will further make free grants of seedlings and seeds to persons desirous of obtaining them. These Afforestation Encouragement Regulations are to be published to-day.\n\nWe hear that the Government-General proposes to plant trees in suitable places along the streets in Dairen and Port Arthur, to undertake afforestation in the surroundings of those cities and in the neighbourhood of Lushutun, and, further, to plant trees at the sources of the water supplies of Port Arthur and Dairen and to devote its attention to the upkeep of those sources. As far as funds permit, afforestation will be effected in localities that do not admit of being intrusted to private enterprise and on land that is unsuitable for agriculture, vegetables, and fruit trees, as well as seedlings, will where necessary be grown in the Port Arthur and Kinchou nurseries, fruit trees and seedlings will be cultivated in the Dairen agricultural experimental station, in addition to the work hitherto carried on there, and the Port Arthur nursery garden will be greatly extended and made into a botanical garden. By this means, in addition to the supply of seedlings for afforestation purposes, experiments will first of all be conducted with trees of every variety, and eventually a simple school of agriculture\n\n43", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417334, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 46, "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "C. O.\n\n644\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\n3.7616.\n\n4\n\nwill be established, annexed to the above nursery garden, where young natives will be taught and equipped with general knowledge bearing upon practical agriculture and forestry, and the development thus furthered of agriculture and afforestation within the Kwantung Province.\n\nThe principal object of afforestation in the vicinity of Dairen and Port Arthur is the improvement of the scenery, and in spots like Peiyushan (Hakugyokuzan, Monument Hill), in Port Arthur, one of the parks of Manchuria, it is intended to plant beautiful flowers, and thus in the future, when some years have passed, the top of Peiyushan will be covered with flowers.\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL,\n\n[32667]\n\n15.001 08 [September 21.]\n\nSECTION 2,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received September 21.)\n\n(No. 352.) Sir,\n\nPeking, August 1, 1908. I HAVE the honour to transmit to you herewith a summary of the events of the past two months, not recorded in separate despatches, which has been prepared by Mr. Seeds, Third Secretary in His Majesty's Legation.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nJ. N. JORDAN.\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nMonthly Summary for June and July, 1908.\n\nRailways.\n\nTien-tsin-Pukow.-The ceremony of cutting the first sod on the northern portion of the line was performed at Tien-tsin on the 30th June, in the presence of the Viceroy and the Director-General.\n\nReports from Nanking state that work is to be begun on the southern section as soon as possible. The Engineer-in-chief, Mr. Tuckey, is on the spot, and, of the sixteen foreign engineers arriving shortly, the majority are British subjects.\n\nIt is said that the Chinese contemplate declaring Pukow a \"self-opened port,\" an undesirable measure in view of the difficulties that have arisen under similar conditions at Nanning (see Sir J. Jordan's despatch No. 211 of the 12th May).\n\nShanghae-Nanking. The railway authorities have been having some trouble lately in connection with compensation claims for injuries and loss of life. The relatives of a youth who was run over and killed near Lungtan hit upon the ingenious plan of prostrating themselves on the rails in front of the offending train. They remained there for some six hours, until, three trains having been held up, they were eventually removed with the help of a detachment of soldiers. Life in China is cheap, and the compensation finally granted in this case amounted only to £57; but the scheme seems to have recommended itself to the peasantry, and a similar case has occurred quite recently. The Railway Company cannot do more than warn the people of the danger of crossing the line, and it will be a serious matter if the running of trains is to be liable to such interference at any moment.\n\nHankow-Chengtu.-Surveys are being carried on, in connection with this proposed line, by Chinese and Japanese engineers. Funds are insufficient, and it is not probable that much construction work will be done for some time to come.\n\nCanton-Hankow.-Sir Chen Tung Liang Cheng, the President of the line, is reported to be sending in his resignation. The question at issue would appear to be his salary, which was strongly protested against as excessive at a meeting of shareholders some months ago. It is now hinted that his resignation is due to his taking a directly contrary view of the matter.\n\nWork on the line generally is hampered by the jealousies existing between the official and unofficial classes, and also by the lack of cohesion arising from provincial control of the various sections of the railway. In Hunan the gentry are confident that they can raise the necessary funds, a fact which is frankly denied by the Governor. In the opinion of His Majesty's Consul at Changsha, the decision of railway matters in Hunan is in the hands of the gentry, who, however, need to be stimulated by their feelings of rivalry with the adjoining provinces. This probably applies to all the provinces concerned, and it is to be hoped, in the interests of construction work, that the recent appointment of Chang Chih-tung as Administrator-General, reported in Sir J. Jordan's despatch No. 333 of the 21st ultimo, may lead to more united action on the part of the various authorities concerned.\n\n[1933 ---2]\n\n1", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417656, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 368, "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "364\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government. 44174\n\n2 DCC 08;\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[38937]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[November 9.]\n\nSECTION 5.\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey-(Received November 9.)\n\n(No. 266.) Sir,\n\nTokió, October 4, 1908.\n\nHIS Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen reports that his Excellency Hsu Sei Chen, Viceroy of Manchuria, arrived on an official visit to Dairen on the 12th ultimo, accompanied by a suite of twenty persons. It is understood that the Viceroy came in the first place to return the visits paid to Mukden last year by Viscount Oshima, Governor of the leased territory, and at the same time to discuss any questions still outstanding between the two Administrations, more especially in connection with railway matters and the question of bandits in the neutral zone.\n\nThe visit seems to have passed off with the utmost cordiality on both sides, and a most laudatory article, translation of which by Mr. Gordon I have the honour to inclose,* appeared in the local Japanese paper eulogizing the virtues of the distinguished visitor. Speeches redolent of mutual admiration were exchanged between the Viceroy, Viscount Oshima, and Mr. Nakamura, Vice-President of the South Manchurian Railway.\n\nMr. Gordon, in estimating the cost of the reception at not less than £10,000—a large sum for a poor territory under the present conditions of trade—adds that the Japanese authorities regard the present Viceroy very favourably, and are evidently eager to ingratiate themselves with his Excellency. The South Manchurian Railway Company more especially have everything to gain by keeping on the best of terms with the Chinese officials, and they would seem to have omitted nothing to make the visit of Hsu Sei Chen as imposing as possible.\n\nA reference to my despatch No. 258 of the 4th instant will show that the misgivings entertained in the inclosed article as to the enforcement of Regulations for the custom-houses on the Mukden frontier are without foundation.\n\nIt is most noteworthy how within the last six weeks, since the assumption by Count Komura of the portfolio of Foreign Affairs, a marked improvement has taken place in the relations between China and Japan. His Excellency seems to have lost no time in deciding that the weakest point in Japan's foreign policy lay in the number of unsettled questions still at issue between the two Governments.\n\nThe Yalu timber question has at last been satisfactorily settled. The Chinese Delegates are on the point of signing an Agreement on the vexed subject of telegraph stations in Manchuria, while the Japanese Government have suddenly and unexpectedly withdrawn their opposition to a veto being imposed on the importation of morphia. It must be remembered that Count Komura has an intimate knowledge of the Chinese Government from long official intercourse both in Peking and Tokio. Tong Shao-yi arrives next week on his way to America, and discussions between these two statesmen, who are old acquaintances, should be instrumental in further clearing the way for a better understanding between the two countries.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\n* Not printed.\n\n[2029 i-5]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 417820, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 532, "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "528\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nCHINA TRADE.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[November 24\n\nSECTION\n\n&\n\nREP 21 DEC 08\n\n»\n\n[38929]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.~(Received November 9.)\n\n(No. 258.) Sir,\n\nTokió, October 4, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to forward herewith copies received from His Majesty's Acting Vice-Consul at Dairen of provisional Regulations which have been issued for the working of the Chinese custom-houses at the stations \"Manchuria\" and \"Pogranitchnaya\" on the Russian frontier.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) CLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nProvisional Regulations for the Working of the Chinese Custom-houses at the Stations \"Manchuria\" and \"Pogranitchnaya\" (\"Suifenho\").\n\nGeneral Rules Special Rules-\n\nImport of goods\n\nExport of goods\n\nRailway goods.. Transit goods Re-exports\n\nDuty-free list\n\nContraband goods\n\n(transit inwards)..\n\nRules re passenger's luggage\n\nRules re postal parcels-\n\n1. General rules\n\n2. Special rules--\n\n(a) Parcels sent to China\n\n(b) Parcels sent from China ..\n\nArticles referred to Peking-\n\nINDEX.\n\nArticles.\n\nPages.\n\n1-16\n\n17-30\n\n31-36\n\n37-40\n\n41-51\n\n52-57\n\n58\n\n60\n\n61-65\n\n66-70\n\n71-81\n\n82-88\n\n1, I --fafat-f I\n\n8-9\n\n1-3\n\n4-5\n\n5-6\n\n6-7\n\n7-8\n\nTransit inwards clause\n\nTransit (across Manchuria) clause\n\nDuty-free clause\n\n38\n\n29\n\n48\n\n6-7\n\n39 A\n\n5\n\n68\n\n6\n\nGeneral Rules.\n\nARTICLE 1. In accordance with the contract for the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway of the 27th August (8th September), 1896, by the Chinese Calendar of Kuang Hsü, 22nd year, 8th moon, 2nd day, custom-houses are about to be opened by the Chinese Government at the terminal stations of the Chinese Eastern Railway \"Manchuria\" and \"Pogranitchnaya\" (\"Suifenho\"), which will be subordinated to the head custom-house at Harbin,\n\n[2020 i-4]\n\nB", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421258, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 47, "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nC.O.\n\n46\n\n1189\n\n**CHINA TRADE**\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[38938]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[November 9.]-\n\nSECTION 3 || JAN 09\n\n(No. 267.) Sir,\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey,—(Received November 9.)\n\nTokió, October 4, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith a Report by Mr. Gordon, Acting British Vice-Consul at Dairen, on the Seoul-Wiju Railway, and the proposed new railway-bridge over the Yalu.\n\nMr. Gordon had my authority for proceeding to his post by way of Seoul and Mukden so as to enable him to form some opinion of the workings of the South Manchurian Railway and its principal branch line before entering on his new duties at Dairen.\n\nOn receipt of Mr. Gordon's Report, I lost no time in calling the attention of Count Komura to that part of the Report dealing with the proposed bridge over the Yalu. I addressed a note to his Excellency informing him of my despatch No. 12 to you of the 20th January, the terms of which you were good enough to approve in your despatch No. 51 of the 28th February.\n\nHis Excellency promised to look into the matter and send me a reply before long. I am hopeful that, in the present mood of the Japanese Government in regard to questions affecting China, the answer may be satisfactory and the decision to construct a fixed bridge cancelled.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **CLAUDE M. MacDONALD**.\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nReport by Acting Vice-Consul Gordon respecting the present Condition of the Seoul-Wiju Railway, and the proposed Yalu Railway Bridge,\n\nThe Seoul-Wiju Railway.\n\nAS the general features of this line have already been reported on by Sir A. Hosie and others, I propose to confine my remarks to the engineering conditions.\n\nThough fast trains have been running over this line since the 1st April, the through train from Fusan covers the distance from Ryuzan to New Wiju, 309.4 miles, in 15 hours 10 minutes—the railway is by no means in a complete condition, and trains have to pass over the temporary track for distances amounting in all to over one quarter of the total.\n\nThe new line is used from Seoul as far as Kaijo, a distance of 48 miles, with the exception of the bridge over the Kintsuko River (36 miles), which is at present crossed by a wooden trestle. The piers of the new iron bridge are well advanced, and it should be ready for use by the spring of 1909. From Kaijo to the 80th milepost, the old track is used. Two bridges near the 90th milepost are still unfinished, and the embankments are not yet completed as far as Shinbaku, 97 miles. From Shinbaku to about 1 mile before Kosui, 111 miles, the new line is not yet in use, but is regained at Kosui station, and followed to about 2 miles before Heijo (Pingyang), 164 miles. Between Koju, 141 miles, all the smaller bridges and culverts are of wood. The bridge over the Taidoko River just before Heijo is temporary; the new one is in course of construction.\n\nOwing to the line having been broken by floods, I had to take a slow train to Heijo and stay the night there, and as it was dark by the time Koju was reached I was unable to observe this section of the line closely.\n\nNear the 177th milepost, a bridge of 14 spans of 24 feet is nearly completed, and the girders are in readiness for placing in position. From Teshu, 196 miles, the temporary track is used for a distance of 2 miles, and also for a similar distance from...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421260, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 49, "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "## C 3\n\n\"And now it is proposed to aggravate permanently this handicap, and to make wharves or hulks of no avail by building a fixed railway bridge at what is marked as the present lower harbour limit. This bridge is intended to carry the trains of the Corean railways to the Chinese shore, and to form the connecting link between the Japanese Government-owned lines on the peninsula and the Antung-Mukden arm of the South Manchurian Railway system, provided the contemplated conversion of this latter road to standard gauge be carried through. At present a new survey for the bridge is being made, and recent information has it that the time of building depends entirely on the action of the Diet with reference to the Budget item proposed for the work. Technically, according to the present plan, the bridge will have a total length of 3,182 feet, divided into 200- and 300-foot truss spans, will be 30 feet wide, 26 feet above high water, and is estimated to cost 2,500,000 yen. The Chinese authorities have asked that the plans be so drawn as to provide for some form of draw or swing over the channel so that the Chinese town may not be subjected to the inconvenience and expense of having all its deep-sea shipping prevented from coming on, up to, or nearer the bund. If, on the one hand, the major premise that dredging or bunding are feasible for both the Chinese and Japanese quarters be correct, then it would be wrong to prejudice the development of the Chinese town--and as surely that of the Japanese portion, which must be directly influenced by the volume of business done by the Chinese--by making the more ideal steamer facilities permanently unattainable; but, on the other hand, there can be no doubt that to force across a navigable boundary-line river, in face of protests from one of the Riparian States, a closed bridge of such a height as to hamper that State's sea-going traffic is not such an act as may be admitted to come within the previously established standards of international comity; and that it would so hamper it also admits of no doubt, since the ordinary cargo boats within the harbour carry masts of from 30 to 40 feet, and the sea-going junks, which ply regularly between here and Chefoo, staffs averaging over 50 feet.\n\nBut that such a bridge with the suggested draw or swing would be advantageous for the place is also quite patent. I would link the two chief islands' land routes of trade and travel which converge at this point. As it is, the Seoul-Wiju line, though in itself not a paying venture, has this winter proved itself to be a good asset of the port in making possible the winter movement of silk and imports in considerable quantities. Given the bridge over the Yalu, and the alteration of the Antung-Mukden line, and steam will have compressed the time from Tokio to Mukden to less than eighty hours.\n\n## 71\n\nWith regard to the above, Mr. Gröne was under the impression that the bridge was to have an opening span, having been so informed by one of his assistants, a Japanese, who obtained his information from the railway authorities at New Wiju station. He had also been told that the Japanese Diet had passed the appropriation of 2,500,000 yen for the bridge.\n\nFrom what I saw of Antung, it appears to me that a fixed bridge would affect the Japanese Settlement as disadvantageously as the Chinese town, equally increasing the cost of lighterage. The proposal to build wharves, &c., immediately below the bridge would involve the construction of heavy maintenance works--the river last year tore away a large piece of the shore off the Japanese Settlement--and constant and expensive dredging to enable steamers to go alongside. The channel is constantly changing, and heavy work would have to be undertaken to prevent the passage silting up.\n\nThere is no doubt that, should the plan of a fixed bridge be persisted in, it would seriously mar the prospects of Antung. The railway traffic over the bridge can hardly ever be so great as to prevent the opening of the bridge twice a day to enable the steamers and junks to come up the river at high tide.\n\n**E. L. S. GORDON.**\n(Signed)\n\nDairen, August 26, 1908.\n\n## Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nMap of Antung, or Shubo,\n48", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421303, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 92, "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\nC.O. \n90 \n2 \n\nof the main road. The railway station is shortly to be moved from its present site to a point about two-thirds of a mile southwards. The ground has been prepared for building and the foundations already laid down, though I hardly think it possible that the new station can be completed before the coming winter. Further, there has been during the last three months extraordinary building activity on the land lying between the present and proposed railway stations, whole streets of small villas and shops being run up by the railway company, though it is difficult to see where the occupiers are to come from. At the present moment, with the exception of the garrison of two battalions, the railway employés, and the few shops that administer to their needs, the railway concession is unoccupied; in fact, it seems a significant comment on the settlement administration that the main Japanese colony in Mukden has, as shown on my map, established itself immediately outside the settlement limits.\n\nOn the other hand, the new macadamized road, which is now in course of being built to the station of the Chinese Northern Railway, skirts the boundary of the extension which Mr. Tao seemed to think the Japanese Administration might be prepared to surrender, though a shorter and less expensive road might have been constructed by taking a line across this land.\n\nI have seen reports recently in several local newspapers, both native and foreign, to the effect that the Japanese authorities had objected to this new road crossing the South Manchurian line. Mr. Tao assured me that there was no basis of fact for these rumours. He stated that, of course, it was true that the Chinese request to bring their railway line over or under the Japanese line up to the city wall had been refused, and he gave it as his opinion that the object of such refusal was to prevent any eastward extension of the Chinese system rather than the fear of competition between the existing lines, the ostensible reason advanced by the Japanese.\n\nThe map shows incidentally the area of the proposed international settlement, which, it will be noticed, was laid out so as to surround the original Russian settlement, and to take in all land between that settlement and the outer city wall, with the object naturally of blocking Japanese extension in any direction. Mr. Tao has assured me that the whole of this land was *bona fide* acquired by the Manchurian Government from private owners before the Japanese had placed any boundary marks on the property, and that their occupation of this land was entirely without justification. I have also seen the original Russian plans, from which it is clear that they held no land to the north of the road. I have further ascertained, from personal investigation, that on the land marked as the original Chinese Eastern Railway Concession, boundary stones with the Russian marks are still in existence alongside the Japanese stakes, whereas there are no such stones on the extension.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) \nR. WILLIS\n\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[43314]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n2497 \nDecember 12.\n\nSECTION 8, 21 JAN 09\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received December 12.)\n\n(No. 466.) Sir,\n\nPeking, October 21, 1908. I HAVE the honour to transmit to you herewith a copy of a despatch which I have received from the Acting British Consul-General at Chinan-fu, inclosing a copy with translation of the Kiao-chau Government Wharf and Godown Ordinance, by which the wharves and godowns within the free area delimited by the Ordinance of the 2nd December, 1905, will pass under the control of the Government from the 1st November next, and be administered by a Department called the Wharf Administration.\n\nThis action on the part of the Government is meeting with the strongest opposition on the part of merchants of all nationalities at Tsingtau, who see in it a measure which will deprive them of all redress in case of loss or damage to goods in the hands of the Wharf Administration even if caused by its employees, and the Chinese merchants, in their desire to avoid all contact with the Government in trade matters, engineered through their representatives in Shanghae a boycott against the steamers of the Hamburg-Amerika Line, which trade regularly between Shanghae and Tsingtau, their object being to force the steamer Company to stand between them and the Government Wharf Administration and undertake the usual responsibilities attaching to shipping Companies and carriers. The boycott, the value of which the Chinese fully understand, was rigidly maintained for a fortnight during which not a single package was shipped by the Company's steamers at Shanghae or Tsingtau, and was completely successful. The Company capitulated and has undertaken the responsibilities which the Government had declared its intention to escape.\n\nIt would appear as if the Kiao-chau Government in its desire to increase its revenues was following the example of the Japanese at Dairen (Dalny) where the shipping and storing of cargo have been in the hands of the South Manchurian Railway Company since the 1st October, 1907; but that Company accepts responsibility for loss or damage caused indisputably through loss or negligence on the part of the Company's employees while cargo is under its custody.\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) \nJ. N. JORDAN\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1\n\nActing Consul-General Giles to Sir J. Jordan,\n\nChinan, October 8, 1908. I HAVE the honour to forward herewith copy and translation of the Kiao-chau Government Wharf and Godown Ordinance (\"Kajen- und Lagerhausordnung\"), together with the tariff of fees annexed thereto, which is to come into force on the 1st November. By the terms of this Ordinance all the wharves and godowns within the free area delimited by the Ordinance of the 2nd December, 1905, are to pass under the control of the Government, and to be worked by a Government Department termed the Wharf Administration (\"Kajenverwaltung\"). The avowed aim of this and other schemes which are on foot, is to raise sufficient revenue to enable the Kiao-chau Government ultimately to balance income and expenditure. It is to become entirely self-supporting for the future, and is to require no further grants from the Reichstag. It is unnecessary to recall the fact that, for some time past, there has been considerable impatience among certain sections of the population in Germany at the large and annually recurring appropriations for the German Colonies; and I am given to understand that the present Ordinance, among other schemes, is the result of urgent instructions from Berlin to raise revenue in some way or another.\n\nIt need hardly be said that a measure such as the present Ordinance, which brings under Government control two important departments of activity, hitherto entirely under ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421501, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 290, "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# [This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\n288\nC. O.\n\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n[January 2.]\n4136\nKEC.\nSECTION 3 4 FEC 09\n[126]\n\n(No. 316.) Sir,\n\n### No. 1.\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received January 2, 1909)\n\nTokió, December 3, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inclose copy of a despatch which I have received from Mr. H. G. Parlett, His Majesty's Vice-Consul, formerly at Dairen, now at Hakodate, covering an interesting précis of an official report compiled for the Japanese Foreign Office by Mr. Kawakami, Japanese Consul-General at Harbin, on the subject of North Manchuria. The subject is treated under the headings of industries, agriculture, land, trade, markets, currency, Chambers of Commerce and communications, and this résumé, drawn up with much ability, cannot but prove of value for purposes of reference.\n\nThe publication of this lengthy work of 400 pages is in itself an evidence of the close study now being devoted in Japan to Northern Manchuria. Mr. Kawakami, however, while seeing in that region a fine opening for Japanese mechanical industries, and a rich field for the production of raw materials for use in Japanese manufactures, does not counsel an immediate invasion of Japanese settlers to engage in agriculture, which the Russians have tried with little success. It may be noted further that in some directions North Manchuria may enter into competition with Japan, For instance the promising sugar-beet cultivation constitutes something of a menace to the Formosan sugar industry.\n\nI would venture to draw your attention to Mr. Parlett's ability and industry in translating and drawing up this précis.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **CLAUDE M. MacDONALD**.\n\nP.S.--Should this Report be printed I venture to request that this Embassy may be furnished with six copies.\n\nC. M. MACD.\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\nVice-Consul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\n(No. 30.)\n\nHakodate, November 27, 1908.\n\nSir,\n\nIN continuation of the inclosure in my despatch No. 64 from Dairen I have the honour to transmit herewith a précis of an official Report compiled for the Foreign Office in Tôkiô by Mr. Kawakami, the Japanese Consul-General at Harbin. This Report was in existence while I was still in Dairen; but it was not at that time accessible to the public. Since then, however, it has been printed under the auspices of the Japanese Foreign Office, in a book of 400 pages, called `Hoku-Manshu no Sangyo`, and it is from this publication that the précis just referred to is made.\n\nConsiderations of space have necessitated the exclusion of a good deal of information which, though perhaps of no immediate importance, would still have been of interest. Particularly is this the case with the statistics of trade both along the railway and at each of the big markets on the high roads. These are subjects Mr. Kawakami investigated very thoroughly; I have only given the most general figures. I cannot vouchsafe for the entire correctness of the statement with which I credit Mr. Kawakami on the subject of North Manchurian circulating media. The whole question is a very complicated one, and I have no knowledge of Chinese, nor have I been able to obtain assistance from Chinese here.\n\nIn connection with Mr. Kawakami's remarks about flour the following extract from a letter recently sent me by a merchant in Dairen may perhaps be not devoid of interest:", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421504, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 293, "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "## Trade.-General Remarks\n\nThe history of Manchurian foreign trade may be divided into two parts. The first dates from the building of the Chinese Eastern Railway; the second from the Russo-Japanese war. Undoubtedly a trade of sorts existed before then, but it was of no great importance. In those early days, the one port of export and import was Newchwang, but the establishment of the railway, the building of Dalny, and the use of the Sungari as a communication route, dealt its prosperity a heavy blow. The outbreak of war gave a tremendous impetus to the already prosperous trade of the country. It was to Manchuria that not only the Russian troops (it is calculated that 85 per cent. of the provisions and fodder supplied them were of local production), but also all the inhabitants of the Russian Settlements in the Far East looked for their food-stuffs, and though now a great part of the Russian railway has passed into our possession, strenuous efforts are being made by our late antagonists to prevent the diversion of northern trade to the south. In the furtherance of her endeavours, she relies on her right of navigating the Sungari and on the possession of Vladivostock. She is also at present assisted by the lack of thorough organization on our line to Dairen. These remarks, of course, apply mainly to export trade. Imports come, generally speaking, via Changchun from Newchwang, Shanghai, and Tientsin. Changchun is the meeting-place, so to speak, of North and South Manchuria. Its trade has lately increased enormously, and the probability is that before long it will, as far as the markets of these territories are concerned, become of far more importance than the places just mentioned for which it now acts as a distributing centre. Generally speaking, then, the export trade travels north-east: the import comes from the south, Newchwang being the port for the former; Vladivostock that for the latter. This is certainly the tendency at present, and it will probably long continue. If this be borne in mind, it will be seen that the South Manchuria Railway and the Chinese Eastern Railway will become the main routes for the import trade; the east and west sections of the Chinese Eastern Railway and the Sungari Railway the main routes for the export trade. For the local trade of the territory, the following are the eight important routes:-\n\n1. Changchun, Kilin, A-shih-ho, or Changchun, Kilin, Laliu, Ashihho.\n2. Changchun-Petune.\n3. Hulancheng-Petuanlintzu.\n4. Petuanlintzu-Payanhususu.\n5. Ashihho-Sanshan.\n6. Kilin-Ninguta.\n7. Kilin-Gunchuleng.\n8. Tsitsihar-Aigun.\n\nOf these, some will be not without importance in the foreign trade of Manchuria.\n\nWith regard to the export of agricultural produce, it should not be forgotten that, if we except what travels by the ordinary routes to Newchwang, the native farmer has no direct interest in the process. His share is confined to the disposal of his goods to Japanese or Russians on the spot, and it is the latter who either export or use their purchases for their own manufacturing purposes.\n\nThe country trade is at its busiest during the cold weather, when the crops are all harvested and the roads frozen hard. The farmers then, having nothing else to do, harness their cattle to the big drays which are in general use throughout the country, and carry agricultural produce to the various local markets for sale, laying in at the same time their own household stores.\n\nMerchants and tradesmen in Manchuria are grouped, according to their business, under the following five headings:-\n| Category | Business |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | Moneychangers (also to some extent bankers) |\n| 2 | Pawnbrokers (or moneylenders) |\n| 3 | Dealers in grain |\n| 4 | Dealers in miscellaneous or fancy goods |\n| 5 | Wholesale dealers (combining with this calling that of inn-keepers) |\n\nAlso under category 5 are:\n- (a) Distillers\n- (b) Oil manufacturers\n- (c) Millers\n\n## Markets on the Foreign Trade Routes\n\nHarbin was chosen instead of Hulancheng as a base for the exploitation of North and South Manchuria. The town, which is built in European style, covers an area of 1,275 acres, and has a population of 50,000, is divided into three main sections: New Harbin, the Wharf quarter, and Old Harbin. The two latter are the business part of the town. The Wharf quarter abuts on the Sungari, and is the most active part of Harbin, not only because it is the point of connection between the railway and the river traffic, but also because it contains the great flour mills and the Chinese Eastern Railway Company's shops. In New Harbin, which stands on a slight rise, are the junction of the railways running east, west, and south, the Harbin main station, the offices of the Chinese Eastern Railway, the headquarters of the railway guards, the foreign Consulates, the public offices, banks, schools, and private residences. This is what is called by the Russians the administrative quarter.\n\nThe site of the town is admirably chosen, as routes either by rail, water, or road connect it with all the important markets of Manchuria, as well as with those of Europe.\n\nThe trade of Harbin may be said to consist on the one hand of the purchase by the Russians of agricultural produce, on the other of the sale of ordinary goods destined for the daily use of Russians. Agricultural produce is shortly wheat, part of which is used in the mills already mentioned, ultimately to find its way as flour into the Russian settlements, and the various markets of Kilin and the Amur, part in its raw state goes to Vladivostock, Blagovestchensk, &c. There is a growing disposition on the part of Japanese merchants too, to make this their headquarters for purchasing beans and bean-cake, which they ship via Vladivostock to Tsuruya or Kobe. The value of beans and bean-cake exported thus between April and December of 1907 was £160,000.\n\nThere are rumours that Russian merchants are contemplating shipping grain, mostly wheat, to Odessa, via Vladivostock, but local conditions, the uncertainty of delivery, &c., have so far prevented this scheme being put into practice.\n\nEuropean trade is almost confined to the miscellaneous goods of every-day use.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421505, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 294, "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "## Trade in Manchuria\n\nmentioned above. There is, in addition, however, quite an appreciable trade in metal utensils of European Russian make, while quantities of glass articles come from Germany. The prospects for this trade are nevertheless, owing to the high freight charges on the railway, unpromising. Finally, there is a small demand for tinned meats, provisions, &c., of local manufacture.\n\nNo reliable trade statistics are obtainable, though apparently the gross quantity of goods dealt with at the three Harbin stations in 1906 was 22,636,160 pouds, divided as follows:-\n\n| Arrived | Dispatched | Total |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 16,987,383 | 5,558,885 | 22,541,268 |\n\nUnder the first heading, salt and firewood were the most important items; the second, flour.\n\nThe weight of goods dealt with at the Sungari Wharf during the same period was 3,810,762 pouds, divided as follows :-\n\n| | Pouds |\n| --- | --- |\n| Arrived - From Lower Sungari | 2,857,715 |\n| Arrived - From Upper Sungari | 2,880 |\n| Dispatched - For Lower Sungari | ... |\n| Dispatched - For Upper Sungari | 1,450,717 |\n| Total | 3,810,762 |\n\nNative cart transport is naturally not included in these figures, nor do the wharf figures cover more than the cargoes carried by Russian shipping.\n\nNear the wharf district is the Chinese town of Harbin, with a population of 60,000. Beyond the fact that it contains the Chinese Government Offices, there is nothing in the place which merits particular notice. The Chinese merchants here lay in their supplies of goods at Tien-tsin, Shanghae, and Newchwang, and to a lesser extent at Peking, Chefoo, &c. The area of distribution commanded by Chinese Harbin is very large, extending beyond Tsitsitar, and Aigun on the north-west, and Hulan, Tetuanhutzu, Hsin-shan, Pinshu, Sanshan on the north and east.\n\nCereals for this place come mainly from Hulancheng on the north. Harbin is 466 miles from the mouth of the Sungari, 485 from Vladivostock, and 588 from Dairen.\n\nShuang Cheng Pu is a growing town, with a population of 25,000 inhabitants, situated about 30 miles south of Harbin, on the old high road from Sanchan to Newchwang. This place has made great strides since the establishment of the railway, and now boasts a flour mill, which grinds 4,200 pouds of grain every twenty-four hours. The value of the grain appearing in the market of Shuang Cheng Pu is 360,000l.\n\nForeign imports come via Changchun and Newchwang.\n\n## Changchun (Kilin Province)\n\nChangchun, or Kwangchengtzu, with a population of about 130,000, is the key of North and South Manchuria, and a starting point for Kilin, and Mukden Provinces, or for Mongolia.\n\nIt is the junction also of the Russian and Japanese railway systems, and later will be one of the termini of the line running to Kilin. The trade of the place is mostly transit. Here is situated one of the great wholesale markets of Manchuria; in fact, it is no exaggeration to say that there is not one important centre of trade in the whole of these territories which has not relations with Changchun. There can be no doubt that a great future is in store for this town.\n\nThe exports are as usual agricultural produce, and the imports, mainly, cotton yarn, sugar, cotton cloth, hemp cloth, and miscellaneous goods. The value of the farm produce and manufactures therefrom passing through the Changchun market annually is estimated at about 680,000l.; the value of the imports, over 1,800,000l.\n\n## Ashihho\n\nAshihho is an ancient walled city of Manchuria, situated about 24 miles from Harbin. Its population is 32,000.\n\nThe value of the trade of this place, according to most recent investigations, 26,000,000 tiao (870,000l.). Of this amount, 6,800,000 tiao are to be credited to foreign imports, the most important of which is hemp-cloth.\n\n*According to this report the \"tiao\" is equal to about one-third of a \"yen.\"\n\n## Ninguta\n\nNinguta is an ancient walled city to the north of Kilin, and distant about 16 miles from Harbin Station on the Chinese Eastern Railway. The country in the neighbourhood of Ninguta is well cultivated, and it is estimated that the value of the agricultural products raised in the district is about 1,212,000 tiao (400,000l) yearly. The imports, valued at about 2,000,000 tiao (70,000l.), consist mainly of hemp cloth, cotton goods, sugar, and table salt. There is, likewise, a good trade with the Russians in hair and hides. Both the wheat and the tobacco raised in this district are of exceedingly good quality.\n\n## Tsitsihar and Tsitsihar Station (Amur Province)\n\nTsitsihar, which is the centre of government of the Amur Province, and is situated on the Nonchan River, a big tributary of the Sungari, has a population of 80,000. A road leads from the town to Tsitsihar Station, distant about 14 miles, and thence on through Aigun to Blagovestchensk. Owing to its conveniences, in the way of land and water transport, this place enjoys considerable prosperity, and is resorted to, not only by numbers of Russian merchants, but also of Mongols. The country around is unsuited for agriculture.\n\nA branch of the Russo-Chinese Bank is established here, as well as one or two foreign firms, including a German. Japanese residents number 101.\n\nThe settlement, or town, at Tsitsihar Station, is situated in the middle of a vast uncultivated plain. Trade, there is virtually none, and the business of the place is divided between the restaurants and the stores dealing in miscellaneous goods and fancy articles. The means of communication between Tsitsihar and Tsitsihar Station are so wretched, that the Chinese are said to be making arrangements for the laying down of a light line of railway from one place to the other. The contract for the supply of material has gone to the German firm in Tsitsihar.\n\n## Hailar\n\nHailar is on the Hailar Railway, 500 miles from Harbin. The population of the place is very small, only 3,000; but, nevertheless, the cattle market here is the most important in North Manchuria. Numbers of oxen and sheep are brought in for sale, and the Russians estimated the annual value of this trade, before the war, at 1,000,000 roubles.\n\n## Manchurie\n\nManchurie is a new settlement. Both the Chinese and the Russians have customs offices here. The population numbers 12,000, 40 per cent. being Chinese, and the trade of the place, like that of Hailar, is in cattle only.\n\n## Petune (Kilin)\n\nPetune is situated on the right bank of the Sungari in the middle of a sandy plain. Petune, which occupies an important position on the line of communications, seeing that it is either by road or water connected with Kilin, Harbin, Tsitsihar, Changchun, &c., is for the moment, unimportant only as a place of transhipment.\n\nThe chief items of trade here are tobacco and timber.\n\nThe soil around Petune partakes of the characteristics of that of Mongolia, being sandy and unsuitable for farming purposes.\n\nIn former days there was a thriving trade between this place and the neighbouring parts of Mongolia, but, since the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway, it has decreased very considerably.\n\n## Payansasu (Amur)\n\nPayansasu is a town of considerable importance near the middle waters of the Sungari River. The soil of the surrounding country is fertile and eminently suited for agriculture. Payansasu is not on the Sungari itself, and therefore lacks water communication; but this drawback does not, thanks to the close trade connections existing with Shuangchengpu, Hulan, and Petuanhirtzu, materially affect the prosperity of the place.\n\nForeign goods come from Newchwang via Harbin or Hulan. The value of this trade is about 4,000,000 tiao (133,000l.) per annum; 70 per cent. of this amount represents local consumption. The remaining 30 per cent. is that of the surrounding districts.\n\nThe value of the agricultural products of this district is about 324,000l. per annum. Wheat is becoming a most important item of the trade of the place. Payansasu is the centre of a large spirit-distilling industry.\n\n## Hsinshan and Chiapanshan (Kilin)\n\nThe former, once a tiny hamlet, is, by reason of its situation in the middle of an agricultural district and also because of its anchorage facilities on the Sungari, becoming a place of importance. Ever increasing numbers of Russian merchants gather here annually from Harbin, Khabarovsk, and Blagovestchensk to purchase wheat.\n\nForeign imports come through Chiapanshan, or Harbin.\n\nChiapanshan is in close trade connection with the place just mentioned.\n\n[2116 b-3]\n\nPage 292", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421519, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 308, "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "## 4\n\nFa-ku-men and Tiehling, the answers being that many of the carts which carried bean-cake to Tiehling in winter returned empty.\n\nThe distance from Fa-ku-men to Tiehling is given by the Chinese as 90 li, and may be estimated at approximately 28 miles. On leaving Fa-ku-men the road soon enters the hills to the east, and after a gentle rise descends into a narrow valley bounded by low, grass-topped hills partly cultivated. At 10 miles from Fa-ku-men the valley ends, the hills on the south side retiring in a south by east direction, and giving place to an undulating country over which the road passes eastwards. The village of Tiao-ping-shan marks the eastern end of the valley. The country is more broken than between Hsin-min Fu and Fa-ku-men, and several nullahs with ruined bridges had to be negotiated. The crops were the same, but upland rice was more in evidence. There are twelve hamlets and villages on the road, some of them such as Yung-an-p'u and Wu-chia-hsin, being of considerable size, and we struck the river, about 400 yards in breadth, at the ferry of Shung-ch'a-k'ou in a sandy cove under a low rocky bluff rising sheer from the river. There was only one long, broad, flat ferry boat, which had just started when we arrived, and night was falling before we were poled and yuhloed to the further bank.\n\nAs we were waiting at the ferry and the animals in our carts were being unyoked preparatory to boarding the boat, several heavy junks, each with sail up and crew of three men straining at the oars, passed down river under the right bank, where the water was from 10 to 12 feet deep. Owing to the late rains of the present year there were no shallows at the bifurcation of the Liao just above Tiehling, and the junks were taking advantage of the swollen river to hurry on to Newchwang. It was dark before we reached a Chinese inn within the city walls of Tiehling; but, with the assistance of the landlord, I succeeded in having an interview with several merchants, who fully corroborated all that I had heard at Fa-ku-men, that the import trade of Tiehling and Hsin-min Fu from Fa-ku-men in winter depends largely on the market at the two places, that the trade with Hsin-min Fu is always greater in volume, and that the imports into Fa-ku-men from Tiehling are inconsiderable. At Hsin-min Fu and Fa-ku-men there was little evidence of Japanese activity, only a few small shops being observable; but at Tiehling it is otherwise. Two roads leading from the railway station, or rather from the eastern boundary of the railway reserve to the west gate of Tiehling, were almost entirely given up to small Japanese shops, but within the railway reserve itself there were many red brick houses, while similar and one large grey, more pretentious two-storied buildings were in course of erection. A brick two-storied building with a central square and two side wings particularly attracted my attention. It was standing in ample grounds surrounded by a low wall with iron railings. Over the doorway in Chinese characters was the inscription \"Commercial Exhibition.\" A poster at the door read \"No Admittance\"; but as the door was open, no objection was raised to my entrance. The central square contained a large entrance hall on the ground floor with a staircase leading to the first floor. The exhibition consisted of four long, broad rooms fitted with glass-fronted show cases arranged along the walls and along the centre of each room; in one or two rooms the exhibits, of every conceivable character and all of Japanese manufacture, were already arranged to please the eye, while in the others men and women were unpacking cases and spreading out their goods. The exhibits were many of them pure Japanese in type, but I could not help noticing that many were imitations of foreign goods, and in a quiet corner I took the opportunity of committing to my notebook the following labels on sundry bottles:\n\n| Label | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Worcestershire Sauce | prepared and sold by Barishiu and Co., London, N. |\n| Fine Old Highland Whisky | Malcolm, Barcelona, and Co., London and Glasgow. (Priced 1 yen.) |\n| The Mon Old Scotch Whisky | bottled and guaranteed by B. B. Woompang. By special appointment purveyor of whisky to A. F. W. the Prince of Wales. |\n| Scotch Whisky | A. F. Wine and Co., Japan. (Lion holding Axe, trade-mark.) |\n| Vieux Cognac | L. D. Piccardo, Geneva. (Priced 1.35 yen.) |\n\nA few hundred yards to the south-west of the Tiehling railway station, there is a Japanese flour-mill, belonging to the Manchurian Flour-Mill Company, which commenced work in June, and is reported to be turning out 1,200 50-lb. sacks of flour per day from local wheat. The flour, which is made in four qualities, is said to be 20 sen cheaper in each grade per sack than flour made in Japan, and the Company propose to erect similar mills at Newchwang, Mukden, and Antung.\n\nI left Tiehling on the afternoon of the 28th September and reached Mukden the same evening, travelling in one of the new American second-class carriages fitted temporarily with red plush seats as a first-class car. The workmanship of the car was somewhat rough in appearance, but the running was perfectly smooth. The young conductor was exceedingly civil and obliging.\n\nI remained at Mukden over the next day and called at \"Government House,\" the Governor-General's offices built in foreign style inside the city, over which the Chinese flag was flying. The Governor-General's residence, also in foreign style, is in course of erection next to \"Government House\"; but the most imposing foreign building I noticed lies between the city and the railway station, where the British-American Tobacco Company have put up an enormous factory for the manufacture of cigarettes. Its completion was expected towards the end of October.\n\nNext morning I left Mukden for Peking, joining the train of the Imperial Railways of North China at the South Manchurian railway station, the actual joining of the two lines being at present under discussion at Dairen (Dalny). The Chinese railway station, where the tickets are sold, is 2,000 yards distant from the Japanese station. When the new Japanese station is completed twelve months hence, they will be 2,500 to 3,000 yards apart.\n\nThe last girder of the twenty-span bridge now in course of construction across the Liao between Mukden and Hsin-min Fu will be placed in position in November. The chief central spans are 40 feet above high-water mark—much higher than the old bridge built by the Japanese still in use; but they are not sufficiently high to admit of the passage of junks without unshipping or lowering their masts.\n\nThe Chief Traffic Inspector of the Chinese railways outside the wall (i.e., north of Shan-hai-kuan), who travelled in the same train from Mukden to Kou-pang-tzu, the junction of the Hsin-min Fu and Newchwang lines, where he resides, informed me that duty-free goods (such as flour) arriving from a port are no longer taxed at Kou-pang-tzu, which was his complaint to me when I last visited Manchuria. He said, however, that many imports still come forward unaccompanied by exemption certificates and are duly taxed. This is, of course, in accordance with the Customs Regulations for Manchuria which came into force last year, and it is a curious fact that merchants at Hsin-min Fu and Fa-ku-men whom I met had never heard of the issue of such certificates and were incredulous of my statement that they are obtainable from the Customs if applied for in due form; and they appeared still more incredulous of my statement that a Chinese custom-house was established at Dairen on the 1st July, 1907, being under the impression that goods passing through that port are still duty-free.\n\nThe traffic on the Chinese Railway is undoubtedly heavily handicapped by the presence of li-kin or other tax stations along their lines, where all exports and uncertificated goods are taxed. Such tax stations are not permitted on the South Manchurian Railway, and when the Imperial Railways of North China have endeavoured to compete by lowering freights, the taxes have been proportionately raised, the profits going to the tax stations, and not to the railway. Under these circumstances, the railway has given up in despair the attempt to compete by lowering rates.\n\nThe conclusion at which I have arrived after visiting Hsin-min-t'un (Hsin-min Fu), Fa-ku-men (Fu-min Ting), and Tiehling, is that Fa-ku-men is much more intimately connected commercially with Hsin-min-t'un than with Tiehling, and that an extension of the Imperial Railways of North China from Hsin-min-t'un to Fa-ku-men would serve a rich agricultural area and its hinterland, which has at present only a very limited connection with the South Manchurian Railway, whether at Tiehling or any other station to the north or south of it.\n\n## 5\n\nPage 306", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421550, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 339, "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\n**AFFAIRS OF CHINA.**\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n[125]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nC. O.337\n\n085\n\nRECEIVED [January] 9\n\nSECTION 4.\n\n**Sir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received January 2, 1909.)**\n\n(No. 315. **Confidential.**)\n\nSir,\n\nTokió, December 3, 1908.\n\nIN my despatch No. 267 of the 4th October last I had the honour to transmit a report by Mr. Gordon, Acting Vice-Consul at Dairen, in which, among other points, the intention of the Corean Railway Bureau to construct a fixed bridge over the Yalu was mentioned; and at the same time, I informed you that I had lost no time in calling the attention of Count Komura to the part of that report dealing with the proposed bridge.\n\nI have on several occasions pressed this subject on his Excellency, and on his last reception day, the 27th ultimo, I again referred to it. Count Komura then informed me that he had seen Prince Ito and had placed before him my views. The Prince had promised to look into the matter immediately on his return to Corea.\n\nI now have the honour to forward herewith translation of a note, marked **Confidential**, which I received from the Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs on the 28th ultimo, stating that it has now been finally decided to adopt the opening and closing type of bridge over the Yalu River.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **CLAUDE M. MACDONALD**.\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\n**Count Komura to Sir C. MacDonald.**\n\n(Translation.)\n\n(No. 29. **Confidential.**)\n\nSir,\n\nNovember 28, 1908.\n\nIN your note No. 89 of the 17th September last your Excellency addressed me in writing on the question of the Yalu River Bridge, after a previous conversation on the subject with my predecessor, Foreign Minister Hayashi.\n\nI now have the honour to acquaint your Excellency that, recognizing myself also the propriety of making the said bridge of the opening and closing type, I conferred with the Department having control, with the result that it has now been finally decided to adopt that type of bridge.\n\nI take, &c.\n\n(Signed) **KOMURA JUTARÔ**,\nMinister for Foreign Affairs.\n\n`(2116 6-4)`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 421735, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 524, "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# [This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government]\n## 6\n\nscheme seriously to raise funds and start operations; and the Grand Secretary is further commanded to assume full responsibility in doing away with abuses, in strictly fixing a limit of time, and in making all decisions which may be called for by the circumstances. Let the Board of Communications and the Hu-Kuang Viceroy render him cordial assistance and not in any way impede his action, so that authority may be undivided and the importance of railway development be fully safeguarded.\n\nCountersigned by the Grand Councillors: Prince Ch'ing, Shih Hsü, Chang Chih-tung, Lu Ch'uan-lin, Yuan Shih-k'ai.\n\n## CHINA RAILWAYS\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n`[3182]`\n\n(No. 351.) Sir,\n\n### No. 1.\n`C.O. 7798`\n[January 25.]- \n`TREC SECTION 4 MAR 09`\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received January 25, 1909.)\n\nTokió, December 26, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch which I have received from His Majesty's Acting Vice-Consul at Dairen on the subject of the reconstruction of the Antung-Mukden Railway.\n\n(No. 93.) Sir,\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **CLAUDE M. MacDONALD**.\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1.\nActing Vice-Consul Gordon to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, December 14, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that the South Manchurian Railway Company has decided to take in hand the reconstruction of its line from Antung Hsien to Mukden, and that the necessary works will be commenced in March next.\n\nSurveys along the route have been progressing for some time past, and, as a result, it has been finally decided that the new line shall follow closely the route of the present light railway. As doubt has been freely expressed as to whether a standard gauge railway could be built along this route, I have the honour to submit the following description of the line, which is based on my observations when travelling between Antung and Mukden last August, and on an examination of a plan of the new line given me by one of the directors of the Company.\n\nThe country between Antung and Feng-hueng-cheng offers no serious difficulties, though some heavy earthworks and considerable bridging will have to be undertaken; a tunnel, 8 chains long, is to be made 34 miles out of Antung, some 2 miles short of Feng-huang-cheng station. From this place, in order to avoid the windings of the Erh-tao-kou River, the present light line follows the course of an affluent, twisting and winding up and around the hills that bar the way. The same route is to be followed by the railway as reconstructed, and consequently heavy tunnelling will be required, no less than six tunnels being marked on the plan in a distance of some 17 miles (from about 45 to 62 miles out of Antung). The Erh-tao-kou is rejoined here, and followed up to near its source, 6 or 7 miles beyond Tsao-ho-k'ou, 82 miles from Antung. At this point the real difficulties begin. The range of hills which further to the south-west form the Mo-tien-ling Pass will be bored by a tunnel some 3,000 feet long, and beyond this the line runs down the valley of the Sse-ho (?), a stream with many sharp bends and closely bordered by high cliffs which will have to be tunnelled through. Altogether, there will be nineteen tunnels in a distance of about 22 miles, the last tunnel, where the line emerges out into the valley of the Ta-tzu-ho, being well over a mile in length. The Ta-tzu-ho is crossed just before reaching Pen-hsi-hu (120 miles from Antung), and will require a bridge from 600 to 700 feet long. From Pen-hsi-hu, the railway runs up a narrow, steep valley, and on the plans two short tunnels are marked here. It is possible that one of these may be avoided and the line taken round the hill, instead of cutting through it. From the 130th mile no further difficulties are experienced, the railway running down a gentle sloping valley to the Mukden plains. On reaching the latter, some 150 miles from Antung, two alternative routes are laid down. The first proceeds direct to Mukden, more or less following the present light railway, while the second bends westward, and joins the main line at Su-chia-tun, the junction for the branch to the Fushun collieries. It is probable that the latter will be followed, as, in addition to offering greater facilities to those wishing to go to Fushun, an extra bridge over the Eun-ho will be avoided. The general direction of the line may be seen by reference to the inclosed sketch map.* The length of the railway when reconstructed will be 170 miles 46 chains.\n\n* Not reproduced.\n\n`[2104 66-1]`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422079, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 108, "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n## SECTION 1\n\nNo. 1.\n\n(No. 53.) Sir,\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey. (Received March 29.)\n\nTokió, March 8, 1909.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inform you that the Acting British Vice-Consul at Dairen has reported that the connecting station between the Chinese Eastern and the South Manchurian Railways was changed on the 23rd ultimo from Kwangchengtsu to Chang-chun, which henceforth is to be used for the transfer station for passengers. The temporary station at Hsi-Kwangchengtsu is to be closed. Goods destined for Kwangchengtsu from stations on the South Manchurian line will be sent forward from Chang-chun station by locomotives of the South Manchurian Railway, while goods from the Harbin direction will enter Changchun station by the Chinese Eastern Railway's trains. The control of traffic at Changchun is vested in the Changchun station-master.\n\n| Source | Date |\n|---------------|-------------|\n| Railway Gazette| 21st ultimo |\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) **CLAUDE M. MacDONALD**.\n\nPage 0 \n12734 \n106 \nCHINA RAILWAYS. \nRec`14 APR 09` \n[March 29.] \n[11892] \n[2193-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422163, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 192, "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\n[11874]\n\n### (No. 33.)\n\n#### No. 1.\n\n[March 29.]\n\n## SECTION 2\n\n### Sir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received March 29.)\n\nSir,\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch which I have received from His Majesty's Vice-Consul at Dairen supplementing the information contained in Mr. Willis' despatch No. 5 of the 6th February to Sir John Jordan on the Harbin Settlement question.\n\nYou will observe that the newly appointed American Consul-General in Harbin has informed Mr. Gordon that, whereas the Chinese in Harbin, on the ground that the clause in the leases requiring lessees to pay all taxes that might be imposed was not in the Chinese Agreement, were prepared to refuse to pay, the Japanese Consul-General had issued instructions to his nationals in Harbin that the taxes were to be paid as demanded.\n\nIf Mr. Greene's statement is correct, it is of considerable interest as pointing to the probable existence of a definite agreement between the Russian and Japanese Governments for reciprocal treatment in the question of Manchurian Settlements. In any case, nothing has hitherto come to my notice so likely to support such a theory.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **CLAUDE M. MacDONALD**\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1.\n\n#### Vice-Consul Gordon to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\n(No. 4. Confidential.)\n\nSir,\n\nDairen, February 8, 1909.\n\nWITH regard to Mr. Willis' despatch No. 3 of the 5th instant, which goes forward under this cover, I have the honour to report that the United States' Consul at this port, Mr. R. S. Greene, who returned from a short visit to Harbin last night, came to see me this morning and gave me practically the same information as that referred to by Mr. Willis. Mr. Greene further told me that the clause in the leases requiring lessees to pay all taxes that might be imposed was not in the Chinese Agreements, and that, on that ground alone, the Chinese in Harbin were prepared to refuse to pay. The Japanese Consul-General at Harbin, however, in his anxiety to back up the Russian authorities in their actions, had issued instructions to his nationals that the taxes were to be paid as demanded.\n\nMr. Greene was of opinion that the Russian authorities themselves were somewhat uncertain of their own standing or power, and quoted the following as an instance:-\n\nA Russian apothecary, at a station on the line of the Chinese Eastern Railway, had refused to pay the taxes, and was duly visited by the Russian police. Instead of immediately arresting him, as they would have done before the war, all they did was to make a \"Protocol,\" and apparently nothing more was done.\n\nI may mention here that Mr. Greene has been appointed to Harbin, in succession to Mr. Fisher, and will take up his duties at the end of this month.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **E. L. S. GORDON**\n\n[2194-2]\n\n## Draft Agreement between the Imperial German Government and the British Government regarding the exercise of Jurisdiction over their Subjects in their respective Settlements in China.\n\n**(Translation.)**\n\n### Article 1.\n\nThe Imperial German Government declare their Agreement that German nationals who acquire in a British Settlement in China a plot of ground or a right of letting or leasing or any other right of use in connection with a plot of ground shall be subjected to British law and British jurisdiction in all legal matters relating to the plot of ground and their position as regards the Municipality of the Settlement. In matters of the nature in question, judicial decisions can only be given in civil process and can only be enforced upon the plot of ground.\n\n### Art. 2.\n\nThe British Government declare their Agreement that British subjects who acquire in a German Settlement in China a plot of ground or a right of letting or leasing or any other right of use in connection with a plot of ground shall be subjected to German law and German jurisdiction in all legal matters relating to the plot of ground and their position as regards the Municipality of the Settlement. In matters of the nature in question, judicial decisions can only be given in civil process and can only be enforced upon the plot of ground.\n\n### Art. 3.\n\nThe above Agreement shall enter into force forthwith and remain so till the 31st December, 1919. In the absence of notice, it shall be regarded as tacitly renewed from five years to five years.\n\nThe notice must be given at least a year before the expiry of the periods of time provided for in the preceding paragraph.\n\n### Regulations\n\n1. To perform all duties in connection therewith, and to submit to the police regulations of the concession under penalty of a stipulated fine, the amount of which shall be equal to the highest fine provided for in the respective police regulation.\n\n2. To submit to the German law and jurisdiction in all legal matters connected with his land and his position, as a member of the Municipal community.\n\n3. To guarantee that the obligations under 1 and 2 are also taken over and carried out by his lessees, tenants, or any other person or persons, to whom he may transfer his rights, as well as by sub-lessees, sub-tenants, &c.\n\n4. To obtain the formal consent of the Imperial German Consul at Tien-tsin (Hankow), before any sale or transfer of his property to any person not being a German subject is effected.\n\n5. Not to dispose of his lot nor to grant any interest therein or allow it to be granted to other persons, before such intending buyer or lessee has handed to the Imperial German Consul at Tien-tsin (Hankow), a declaration in writing to the effect that he personally submits to the above regulations, which declaration, if he is a subject of a treaty power, must be approved of by his Consul.\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423034, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 437, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\n[30856]\n\n**(No. 220.) Sir.**\n\n**No. 1.**\n\n11 SEP 09\n\n[August 16.]\n\n## SECTION 3\n\n435\n\nMr. Rumbold to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received August 16.)\n\nTokyo, July 30, 1909.\n\nI have the honour to report that the Dairen-Chefoo cable was opened to the public on the 16th instant.\n\nOn that date messages could only be sent to the Japanese post office in Chefoo, but I understand that communication with the Chinese telegraph office was to be opened on the 20th instant.\n\nThe rate fixed per word from any town in Manchuria where there is a Japanese office is 10 sen to the Japanese office in Chefoo, and 16 sen to the Chinese office in the same place.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**HORACE RUMBOLD.**\n\n[2391 q-3]\n\n0327 \n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n2 \n\n3. No Chinese subject who has been resident in any part of New Zealand for a number of years and is well known to his neighbours shall, if he desires to leave New Zealand temporarily with the intention of returning within 4 years, be required to leave his thumb impressions for identification.\n\n4. Any Chinese subject who is able to pass the language test on entering New Zealand shall be allowed to land, like the subjects of other Powers, without paying any tax.\n\n5. Any Chinese subject who is passing through New Zealand on his way to other countries shall be exempted from paying any tax, if he can find sureties to guarantee that he is a bona fide through traveller. If such traveller is afterwards found to remain in any part of New Zealand, he will be dealt with in accordance with clause 34 of the `Immigration Restriction Act of 1908`.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423078, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 481, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# CHINA RAILWAYS.\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n## No. 1.\n\n### [August 30.]\n\n#### SECTION 1.\n\nMr. O'Beirne to Sir Edward Grey.---(Received August 30.)\n\n**(No. 478.)**\nSir,\n\nSt. Petersburgh, August 26, 1909.\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 459 of the 8th instant on the subject of the recent dispute between China and Japan respecting the Antung-Mukden railway, I have the honour to state that the \"Novoe Vremya\" in its issue of the 22nd instant publishes a leading article commenting on the question in terms showing the apprehension with which Russians view the steps taken by Japan to consolidate her position on Manchuria. After recounting the steps taken by the Japanese Government which terminated in the signing at Mukden of a memorandum permitting the work of reconstruction to be begun on the following day, the \"Novoe Vremya\" says:\n\n\"Thus, in the course of one single day, the Japanese broke down the obstinacy of China, and in two weeks obtained from her even co-operation in an enterprise which essentially threatens Chinese interests. When the Antung-Mukden line is finished, Japan will be linked with the centre of Manchuria by two railways, one uniting Mukden with Port Arthur and Dairen, which is already working, the other intersecting the whole of Corea, which will be ready in the immediate future. When that is done Japan will be able to move her troops, in case of need, into Manchuria and to the frontier of Siberia over two well-equipped roads. Besides strengthening themselves in China economically and politically, the Japanese acquire over and above this an enormous strategical superiority over Russia.\n\nA truly remarkable position of affairs has now been created on our Far Eastern frontier. In juxtaposition with that frontier and running with it for an enormous distance is a territory nominally in the possession of the Chinese Emperor. In reality its actual master is not the Emperor of China, nor the local population, but the foreign government of a distant group of islands. The population of Manchuria, formerly under the administration of Peking, is actually dependent in the most important questions on the good will and calculations of Tokyo.\n\n\"We have seen how the Japanese Government has just managed things in the question of the Antung-Mukden railway: the Japanese lay down the line just when they like and wherever they like, without any scruples as regards the wishes of the Chinese Government. The Japanese decide, and the Chinese authorities, having begun to object, place their seal with the dragon on the decision of Tokyo, against which there is no appeal. On the other hand, the decisions of the Government at Peking concerning its own country have no value whatever unless approved of at Tokyo, as was proved by the issue of the Fakumen-Sintuinting extension question.\n\n\"If we take into account the fact that this railway projected by the Chinese would have been at such a distance from the Manchurian line that it could not have caused any harm to the latter, that it was to be only 75 versts in length, and that without doing any injury to the Japanese it was of enormous importance for China, inasmuch as it was to unite her provinces with the territory of Manchuria- taking all this into consideration, we are enabled to view the obstinate opposition of the Japanese in its proper light.\n\n\"Japan wishes to be the one sole master in Manchuria, and to work her will there in spite of everything, thereby ousting the lawful owner from all his positions.\"\n\nI have, &c.\n\nHUGH O'BEIRNE.\n\n`[2389 gg-1]`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423236, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 639, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\n632\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n### No. 1\n#### September 6\n\n## SECTION 2\n\n### (No. 249.)\nSir,\n\n#### Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received September 6.)\n\nPeking, July 10, 1909.\n\nIN my despatch No. 219 of the 22nd ultimo, on the subject of a proposed international settlement at Newchwang, I enclosed translation of a memorandum drawn up by the German consul-general at Mukden, in which the view was expressed that the port of Newchwang was threatened by circumstances with eventual decay, and that it was therefore hardly worth while to take up the responsibilities of an international settlement or of an international conservancy of the Liao River.\n\nI have now the honour to forward herewith copy of a despatch from His Majesty's consul at Newchwang, in which the opinions advanced in the above memorandum are discussed, and reasons given for the belief that Dr. Heintges has taken an unduly pessimistic view of the prospects of the port. Mr. Wilkinson points out that, in spite of the undoubted natural advantages possessed by the rival port of Dalny, Newchwang has compensating advantages which will enable it to hold its own, if only fair treatment is granted in the matter of railway rates and taxation, and if certain obstacles to navigation in the Liao River are removed.\n\nWhile generally endorsing Mr. Wilkinson's views as to the future possibilities of Newchwang, I must admit the considerable impression made on my mind by the reports that have reached me of the striking development of Dalny (Dairen) under the efficient methods of Japanese administration. The export, on a large scale, of beans to England and Europe, a practically new feature of Manchurian trade since last autumn—over 150,000 tons were shipped from Dalny to Europe between November and June last—has directed attention to the superior shipping facilities of Dalny, and the customs returns of the revenue collected in the March quarter, 1909, show that Dalny, which was eleventh in the list of Chinese ports in the corresponding period of last year, reached fourth place this year, the amount of revenue collected in the quarter being surpassed only by Shanghai, Canton, and Hankow. The fact mentioned in Mr. Wilkinson's despatch that special through rates to stations on the South Manchurian Railway are being offered to shippers by the Railway Company's steamers between Shanghai and Dalny, is only one of many indications that the Japanese extend to their railway and trading interests a protection and encouragement which it seems hopeless at present to expect from Chinese authorities in favour of corresponding Chinese interests. But the development of Dalny need not necessarily be to the detriment of Newchwang. The trade of Newchwang may well increase owing to the same causes which benefit Dalny, even if the latter advances at a relatively greater pace. There would seem to be ample room for both ports, and the more we see Dalny developed by Japanese energy and forethought, the more incumbent it is on us to encourage, in every possible way, the removal of the disabilities that threaten British interests in the older established trading mart.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN,\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1\n\n#### Consul Wilkinson to Sir J. Jordan.\n\n### (No. 12.)\nSir,\n\nNewchwang, July 1, 1909.\n\nIN your despatch of the 22nd ultimo, authorising me to enter into negotiations with the local authorities with a view to the establishment at this port of an international settlement, you enclose a translation of a memorandum by Dr. Heintges, the German consul-general at Mukden, deprecating the proposed settlement, on the ground that Newchwang is doomed to inevitable decay in the future. As the views expressed in this memorandum are calculated to give a false impression of the position and prospects of Newchwang, I venture to make the following observations in reply to it.\n\n[2418 f-2]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423342, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 745, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# 743 \n## C.O. \n### 34965 \n\n**[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]** \n\n**TRECE (REGE 25 OCT 09** [October 11.] \n\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA. \n### **CONFIDENTIAL.** \n\n[37609] \n\n### No. 1. \n#### SECTION 2. \n\n**(No. 277.)** Sir, \n\nMr. Rumbold to Sir Edward Grey.—(Received October 11.) \n\nTokyo, September 22, 1909. YOU will no doubt have received from His Majesty's Minister at Peking a copy of despatch No. 37 addressed to him on the 25th August last by the acting British consul-general at Mukden, relative to the conditions of lease, &c., in the Mukden Railway settlement. \n\nWith reference to that despatch I have the honour to forward herewith a copy of a despatch from the acting British vice-consul at Dairen, inclosing the regulations governing residents in these settlements. \n\nA copy of this despatch has been forwarded to Sir J. Jordan. \n\n#### Inclosure 1 in No. 1. \n\nI have, &c. \n\n**HORACE RUMBOLD.** \n\n### Vice-Consul Gordon to Mr. Rumbold. \n\n**(No. 40.)** Sir, \n\nDairen, September 3, 1909. WITH reference to Mr. Willis's despatch of the 26th August last regarding the South Manchuria Railway settlements, I have the honour to transmit herewith copy of the regulations governing residents, &c., in these settlements, and the regulations concerning rates and fees. I have been furnished also with a list of the land charges now in force, and with the complete set of the rules and regulations regarding these settlements, and will forward translations as soon as they can be made. \n\nI have, &c. \n\n**E. L. S. GORDON.** \n\n### Inclosure 2 in No. 1. \n\n#### Agreement governing Residents, Tenants, &c., in South Manchuria Railway Company's Railway Area. \n\nIN order to enable South Manchuria Railway Company to further the general welfare and common interests of all the residents, tenants, &c., in the company's railway area, all persons who may reside or sojourn in the said area, rent land or buildings therein, shall hereby be considered to have entered into the present agreement, and shall undertake to strictly observe the following stipulations, viz.:\n\n1. Public interests shall be respected and the company's laws and regulations be adhered to. \n\n2. Whilst on one hand the benefits of all public works and institutions shall be shared in common, on the other hand the expenses requisite for their promotion and maintenance shall also be borne in common in the form of rates, to be collected according to the company's regulations. \n\n3. Whoever has infringed this agreement or the company's laws and regulations, or has been found guilty of acts inimical to public interests, shall be made to leave the railway area, if necessary, by police force. \n\n4. All people, irrespective of nationality, shall be treated on an equal footing in the railway area, and shall observe this agreement in the spirit of mutual co-operation. \n\n[2462 1-2]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423382, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 785, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n\n## No. 1\n\n**(REG: 3 NOVOS)**\n\n### SECTION 1\n\nMr. Rumbold to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received October 9.)\n\n**(No. 264.)**\nSir,\n\nTokyo, September 13, 1909.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of a despatch, No. 38 of the 1st instant, which has been addressed to me by the acting British vice-consul at Dairen on the subject of the berthage accommodation at that port. Mr. Gordon has been informed by the South Manchuria Railway Company that special arrangements will be made for such steamers as make Dairen a regular port of call, and suggests that this information should be conveyed to British firms interested in the Manchurian trade.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nHORACE RUMBOLD.\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1\n\n**(No. 38.)**\nSir,\n\nVice-Consul Gordon to Mr. Rumbold.\n\nDairen, September 1, 1909.\n\nON the 30th ultimo Mr. D. Landale, the manager of Messrs. Jardine, Matheson, and Co. at Shanghai, called on me, and in the course of conversation, stated that the British steam-ship companies trading regularly to the Far East, such as the P. and O. Steam Navigation Company, the Shire Line, &c., were desirous of making Dairen a regular port of call, principally in order to obtain a share of the bean trade here. He added that the only doubt that existed in the minds of the management of these companies was the fear of delay to their vessels owing to the want of sufficient berthage accommodation during the height of the season.\n\nHe, acting on this knowledge, I called yesterday on the South Manchuria Railway Company, and, in the absence of the director in charge of traffic arrangements, was received by Mr. Inuzuka, who readily perceived the advantages accruing should Dairen become a regular port of call. He said that vessels calling at this port would, for purposes of berthage accommodation, be divided into three classes, namely, mail boats, regular steamers, and irregular steamers or tramps, and that the vessels belonging to companies making Dairen a regular port of call would have the next preference to the mail boats.\n\nI have the honour to enclose copy of a letter which I have since received from the South Manchuria Railway Company confirming the above, and am sending a similar copy to the local agents of the various British steam-ship companies.\n\nIt appears to me that the proposed move would be to the advantage of British trade in Manchuria generally, as this port would be then in direct communication with Europe, and the transhipment charges at Shanghai or in Japan will be thereby saved, and should have a considerable effect on the import trade. I venture to suggest that this promise of the railway company might be communicated to all interested in the Manchurian trade at home.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nE. L. S. GORDON.\n\n### Inclosure 2 in No. 1\n\nSir,\n\nSouth Manchuria Railway Company to Vice-Consul Gordon.\n\nDairen, August 31, 1909.\n\nREFERRING to our conversation of this morning on the subject of the allotting of loading berths at the Dairen wharves, I have pleasure in confirming that, whenever practicable, we will give such steamers as will make this port a regular port of call a preference over tramp steamers.\n\nYours truly,\n\nN. INUZUKA,\nDirector.\n\n[2462 i-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423383, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 786, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\nNo. 1.\n\nTokyo, September 20, 1909.\n\n### Mr. Rumbold to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received October 11.)\n\nI HAVE the honour to forward herewith copy of a despatch which I have received from His Majesty's acting vice-consul at Dairen on the subject of the status of British firms engaged in business in the Kwantung peninsula vis-à-vis the Japanese authorities, and dealing more especially with the question of the registration of insurance companies.\n\nIn my reply, copy of which I have the honour to enclose, I have informed the acting vice-consul that, as stated in your despatch No. 141 of the 19th August last, His Majesty's Government do not claim exterritorial rights within the leased territory of Kwantung, and that consequently it would appear that British firms and companies engaged in business in Dairen are in precisely the same position vis-à-vis the Japanese authorities as they would be in Japan itself as regards all questions covered by those laws and ordinances which were made to apply to the Kwantung leased territory by Imperial Ordinance No. 213 of the 22nd September, 1908.\n\nI have, however, instructed Mr. Paton to report to me immediately should he learn that British firms are being discriminated against in the application of these laws.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nHORACE RUMBOLD.\n\n### Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\n#### Vice-Consul Gordon to Mr. Rumbold.\n\nDairen, September 3, 1909.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that I have received a letter from the British firms engaged in business here (with the exception of two who are represented by Japanese), asking for an opinion as to their status in the Kwantung leased territory, vis-à-vis the Japanese authorities.\n\nIn their letter it is stated that, although the Civil Administrator informed them as recently as April last that there were no restrictions whatever with regard to foreign merchants transacting business in the leased territory, they are now told that, by an Imperial Ordinance promulgated in September of last year, the various codes and laws of Japan apply to the Kwantung leased territory.\n\nWhilst the civil authorities demand that British firms and insurance companies shall register in accordance with the Japanese law, they appear to be in doubt as to the legality of their position. In reply to enquiries for forms for registration none are to be had, and they withhold information as much as possible, and give no assistance. Apparently they desire that the applications should be made voluntarily. It appears, further, that Japanese insurance companies here are not registered, and the authorities do not require them to be registered, but state they require (separate from that of a firm's business permit) the registration of British insurance companies, and possibly a deposit, entirely independent of any registration or deposit made in Japan.\n\nAll communications from the local authorities having been so far verbal, such of the firms as represent insurance companies have addressed a letter to the Civil Administrator asking for particulars of his requirements. Of this letter I have the honour to enclose a copy.\n\nI have accordingly the honour to request instructions as to what course I am to pursue in the event of the Kwantung authorities persisting in their demand that all foreign firms shall be registered in the local courts, that foreign insurance companies...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423384, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 787, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "## \n\nshall also be separately registered, independent of any registration made in Japan, and for a deposit from the latter here.\n\nThe insurance business done by British firms here is considerable, and is certain to grow as trade and the country develops. At present there are sixteen British insurance companies represented.\n\nThe whole question would appear to turn on the power of the Japanese authorities to claim jurisdiction over the subjects of treaty Powers in the leased territory. Even if they have this power, it would seem unfair to make foreign companies who have already complied with the laws of Japan in Japan itself undertake fresh responsibilities here, and thereby put them to a disadvantage, however slight, as compared with their Japanese competitors.\n\nI have, &c.\n \n**E. L. S. GORDON.**\n\n## 3\n\nDairen, though this does not apply to British companies which have no offices in Japan.\n\nI have referred the matter to the Japanese Foreign Office, but I am informed that it would be advisable to take no action till a reply has been received from Mr. Chikaraishi to the letter addressed to him by certain British firms on the 28th August last, and which formed the enclosure to Mr. Gordon's despatch.\n\nIf from this answer, when received, it would appear that British firms are being discriminated against in any way whatever, I have to request you to report the matter to me immediately.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n**HORACE RUMBOLD.**\n\nSir,\n\n### Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nBritish Firms trading at Dairen to Mr. Chikaraishi.\n\nDairen, August 28, 1909. As we understand that some demands have been made by you regarding the registration of foreign insurance companies, we, the undersigned, beg to request that you will give us, in writing, full particulars of your requirements.\n\nWe presume that, in any case, as regards the insurance companies who are already transacting business in Japan and have made the deposit required there, you do not ask more than certified copies of their licences.\n\nWe are, &c.\n\n(Per pro. Cornabe, Eckford, and Co.),\n \n**F. LARKINS.**\n\nRENISON and Co.\n\n(Per pro. Bush Brothers),\n\n**F. J. BARDENS.**\n\n(Per pro. Samuel, McGregor, and Co. (Limited)),\n\n**C. U. STUART.**\n\n(Per pro. Butterfield and Swire),\n\n**W. T. ALWAY.**\n\n### (No. 19.) Sir,\n\n### Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nMr. Rumbold to Acting Vice-Consul Paton.\n\nTokyo, September 20, 1909.\n\nI HAVE to acknowledge receipt of Mr. Gordon's despatch No. 39 of the 3rd instant, relating to the status of British firms engaged in business in the Kwantung peninsula *vis-à-vis* the Japanese authorities, and asking for instructions on this point.\n\nIn my despatch No. 16 of the 10th instant I informed Mr. Gordon of the substance of a despatch received from the Foreign Office, from which you will have learnt that His Majesty's Government do not claim exterritorial rights within the leased territory of Kwantung, and it appears to me therefore that the British firms and companies engaged in business in Dairen are in precisely the same position *vis-à-vis* the Japanese authorities as they would be in Japan itself as regards all questions covered by those laws and ordinances of Japan which were made to apply to the Kwantung leased territory by Imperial Ordinance No. 213 of the 22nd September, 1908, amongst which the Civil Code, the Commercial Code, and the law relating to insurance business are mentioned.\n\nMr. Gordon mentions in his despatch that it appears that Japanese insurance companies at Dairen are not registered, and that the authorities do not require them to be registered. If this can be proved to be the case, then there would be no necessity for branches of British companies already registered in Japan to register in \n\n## 73 \n## 785", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423385, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 788, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# C.0. \n36185 \n**This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.**] \n\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA. \n**CONFIDENTIAL** \n(REG: 3 NOVOS [October 11.) \n\n### SECTION 6, \n786 \n[37588] \n\n**(No. 343.)** Sir, \n\n#### No. 1. \n**Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.—(Received October 11.)** \n\nPeking, September 21, 1909. \n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch which I have received from the acting British consul-general at Mukden, calling attention to the disproportion apparent between the amount of foreign goods imported duty free into Dairen (Dalny) and the amount forwarded thence into the interior under exemption certificates, which seems to indicate that such goods, chiefly Japanese, find their way in considerable quantities into Manchuria without paying any import duty whatever. \n\nMr. Willis's calculations are based upon the published customs returns of the trade of Dairen for the year 1908, and he points out that after deducting from the total value of foreign imports (a) the value of those that paid import duty and were forwarded to the trade marts in the interior under exemption certificate, and (b) the value of \"railway material\" which is passed duty free by special arrangement, there remained duty unpaid foreign imports to the value of 8,459,755 Haikwan taels ($1,127,967). He mentions that the leased territory contains a total population of less than 500,000, and draws the inference that many foreign goods declared for the leased territory are afterwards forwarded into Manchuria without paying customs duties. He advocates the establishment of a customs station on the northern frontier of the leased territory where goods can be examined, so that only those can pass which are provided with exemption certificate, proving that import duty has been paid; and he condemns as inefficacious the remedy proposed by the provincial authorities, namely, to levy li-kin and inland dues on goods unaccompanied by exemption certificates. \n\nAfter carefully comparing Mr. Willis's figures with those of the Dairen customs returns, I am of opinion that, although his estimate of the value of foreign goods supposed to be consumed in the leased territory might be reduced by some 2,000,000 Haikwan taels (by deducting as for railway construction part of the value of \"machinery\" and \"timber\" imported as well as that of \"railway material\"), still the balance of over 6,000,000 Haikwan taels represents a quantity of foreign imports far too great to be consumed in the leased territory, and the conclusion is irresistible that a large proportion is smuggled into Manchuria either surreptitiously or under a system which allows foreign goods to pass without exemption certificates, but subject to inland taxation on demand. Not only is such subjection to inland taxation futile in the absence of li-kin stations on the railway, but even if it were practicable, British and other foreign importers of goods into Manchuria might reasonably complain that foreign goods were imported into Manchuria on two dissimilar systems of taxation, and that their Japanese competitors, with the help of the South Manchurian Railway under Japanese control and the connivance of the Dairen customs under a Japanese commissioner, had an unfair advantage not only as regards freights, but as regards the payment of the prescribed import duties. \n\nTo explain the situation it may be well to recall the provisions of article 5 of the agreement regarding the Dairen customs, signed by Baron Hayashi and Sir Robert Hart at Peking on the 30th May, 1907, copy of which was forwarded in my despatch `No. 274` of the 10th June, 1907 :- \n\n\"On merchandise brought by sea to Dairen no import duty shall be levied. Import duty according to existing treaties shall be levied by the maritime customs on all merchandise or products passing the frontier of the Japanese leased territory into the interior of China. The Japanese authorities agree to take suitable measures to assist as far as possible in the prevention of merchandise passing the frontier of the Japanese leased territory when not provided with a permit or pass by the maritime customs office.\" \n\nThere is thus every reason to expect the co-operation of the Japanese authorities, if necessary, in devising a remedy for the smuggling that at present appears to prevail. Whether the proper remedy is to be found in the establishment of a customs station ... \n\n[2482 1-6]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423386, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 789, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "## to examine northward trains on the frontier I am not prepared to say without fuller information than I at present possess regarding the working of the customs at Dairen, In this connection I have the honour to enclose copy of a despatch addressed by Mr. Gordon, His Majesty's vice-consul at Dairen, to His Majesty's acting consul-general at Mukden, commenting on Mr. Willis's despatch on this subject. Mr. Gordon, while confirming the suspicion that wholesale smuggling of goods must have been carried on from the Kwantung leased territory into Manchuria during the year 1908, takes the view that if the work of the Chinese customs at Dairen were efficiently performed it should be impossible for goods to pass into the interior illegally. I think that Mr. Gordon has perhaps not given sufficient weight to the considerations, firstly, that the Customs have no control whatever over foreign imports until they are declared for the interior, and, secondly, that the Dairen agreement expressly provides that the Customs staff shall be wholly Japanese. However, his despatch shows that it is not certain that the establishment of a customs station on the frontier would provide an effective remedy.\n\nThe question is one which directly concerns the customs revenue, and Mr. Willis states that it has been referred by the commissioner of customs at Mukden to the inspectorate-general at Peking, I understand from Sir Robert Bredon that he has called the attention of the commissioner of customs at Dairen to the points raised, and has instructed him to furnish a full report on the existing customs procedure at Dairen and the posts on the frontier, and on the measures that can be taken under the agreement, or any modification thereof, to prevent the passing of the frontier by uncertificated goods, whether by rail or otherwise. The matter is engaging the attention of the customs, and as the acting inspector-general has promised to communicate to me the result of his enquiries, I defer further consideration of the question until I am in possession of the information thus to be obtained.\n\nAs I am forwarding a copy of this despatch to His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokyo.\n\n(No. 39.) Sir,\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nI have, &c.\nJ. N. JORDAN,\nActing Consul-General\n\nWillis to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nMukden, September 1, 1909.\n\nIN my despatch No. 62 of the 28th September last I pointed out that there was no examination of goods entering Manchuria from the Kwantung leased territory, and that, although there was no proof that advantage had been taken of this fact to smuggle goods into the country, under the existing procedure the Chinese Customs relied entirely on the good faith of the South Manchurian Railway.\n\nI have recently received a despatch from the acting commissioner of the foreign board at Mukden, in which he states that Mr. Tachibana, the acting commissioner of Chinese customs at Tairen, has recently brought to the notice of the provincial authorities that many foreign merchants neglect to take out the exemption certificates provided for in the provisional regulations of November 1907, and that consequently orders have been issued to the Fengtien Board of Revenue to collect li-kin and other inland taxes on goods not accompanied by such certificates.\n\nThe figures given in the Customs returns of trade from the 1st July, 1907, up to the end of last year appear to indicate that certain merchants are taking advantage of the fact that goods declared for the leased territory enter free of duty to afterwards forward these goods into Manchuria in considerable quantities without having recourse to any customs formalities.\n\n| Item | Value/Quantity (1907) | Value/Quantity (1908) | Sent into Interior |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Foreign imports into Tairen (excluding railway material) | 7,412,365 taels | 13,104,834 taels | - |\n| Goods forwarded into Manchuria by rail | 1,567,587 taels | 4,645,079 taels | - |\n| Total import of foreign goods at Newchwang | 10,587,235 taels | 15,151,734 taels | - |\n| Cotton goods imported into Tairen | - | 1,002,712 pieces | 591,922 pieces |\n| Newchwang imports of cotton goods | - | 1,452,641 pieces | - |\n| Japanese cotton goods (unclassed) via Tairen | 82,907 pieces | 566,278 pieces | - |\n| Cigarettes imported into Tairen | - | 648,965 taels | 222,170 taels |\n| American flour imported into Tairen | - | 163,121 piculs | 38,019 piculs |\n\nThe total import of foreign goods at Newchwang and Tairen, which ports practically supply between them the wants of South Manchuria, amounted to 28,256,568 taels, of which according to the statistics goods of a value of no less than 8,459,755 taels, or roughly 30 per cent. of the whole, were consumed in the leased territory, the total population of which is less than 500,000, and in which, with the exception of Tairen itself, there is not a single town of even second-class importance.\n\nIn the body of his report for 1908 Mr. Tachibana mentions that the greater part of the foreign imports were for Japanese enterprises and for the use of Japanese residing in the leased territory and in Manchuria. The only articles, he states, imported in any quantity for the use of natives were cotton piece-goods, American flour, cigarettes, and sugar.\n\nA detailed examination of the three other articles referred to by Mr. Tachibana seems to support the inference I have drawn from a consideration of the statistics viewed as a whole.\n\nIf it is the case, as appears probable, in my opinion, from the above considerations, that the Chinese Customs are being defrauded by dishonest traders, the remedy proposed by the provincial authorities, namely, to levy li-kin and inland dues on goods unaccompanied by exemption certificates, appears to me entirely inefficacious, as there are no li-kin stations along the line of the South Manchurian Railway nor in any of the railway settlements.\n\nIn the case of imports into Tairen, and thence forwarded into the interior, the exemption certificate constitutes the proof that import duty has been paid, and unless the Chinese Customs establish a customs station at Pulantien on the frontier between the leased territory and Fengtien Province, where goods are subjected to an examination similar to that which now takes place at Manchuria and Pogranitchnaya stations on the Chinese Eastern Railway, I do not see how there can be any effective check on imports via Tairen, and foreign merchants will continue to suspect that Japan is making an unfair use of her railway facilities.\n\nIn connection with this subject there is another point to which I would like to draw your attention. It seems to me very probable that within a few years Tairen will become a considerable manufacturing centre. An experimental laboratory has been established there under the auspices of the South Manchurian Railway Company, and it is claimed that important economic discoveries in connection with the extraction and refining of bean oil, the treatment of the wild silk cocoon, and the distilling of spirit from \"kaoliang\" have been made already. A cement factory, I am informed, has been completed, whilst a tobacco factory is in course of erection, and other important enterprises appear to be contemplated both at Tairen and in the South Manchurian Railway settlements along the line. At Tiebling there is already a flour mill. At Changchun a model factory, I understand, is already working, whilst at Mukden a large distillery is approaching completion.\n\nThe question of the taxation to be levied on such enterprises appears to me one of considerable importance. Whilst their establishment seems likely in the main to affect Chinese interests and Chinese revenue, yet in the case of the cement and the tobacco factories British and other foreign interests are directly concerned. I understand from Mr. Bowra, the commissioner of customs here, that in the case of the cement factory a claim has been already made to Mr. Tachibana to allow the export into Manchuria on condition of payment of li-kin on arrival at the li-kin...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423578, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "page_number": 182, "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "content_text": "# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n### [40970] \n#### No. 1.\n##### 2 DEC 00 \n###### [November 8.]\n####### SECTION 1.\n######## 181\n\n(No. 382.) Sir,\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received November 8.)\n\nPeking, October 19, 1909,\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of a despatch from His Majesty's acting-consul general at Mukden regarding the friction which recently occurred between the Russian and German authorities at Harbin. The despatch from His Majesty's vice-consul at Dairen, to which Mr. Willis refers, will doubtless have reached you through His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokyo.\n\nThe incident was one of little importance in itself, but, taken with other recent occurrences at Harbin, it shows the necessity of regularising on some international basis the status of the Russian railway settlement at that place. M. Korostovetz, the Russian Minister here, left yesterday for Harbin, where he will await the arrival of the Russian Minister of Finance, M. Kokovtsov, with whom the whole question will, it is understood, be fully discussed before entering upon the negotiations contemplated by article 17 of the preliminary agreement of the 10th May last.\n\nM. Korostovetz called upon me twice before he started, but I regret to say that I missed seeing him on both occasions owing to engagements connected with Lord Kitchener's visit.\n\n(Copy to Tokyo.)\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**J. N. JORDAN**\n\n### (No.52.) Sir,\n#### Acting Consul-General Willis to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nMukden, October 16, 1909.\n\nWITH reference to the despatch No. 28 of the 14th instant of His Majesty's vice-consul at Dairen, enclosing translation of an article from a Japanese newspaper on Russo-German friction in Harbin, I have the honour to report as follows:-\n\nI have gathered from conversation with Dr. Heintges, my German colleague, that the facts of the recent Harbin incident are much as follows.\n\nSome four or five years ago a brewery was established in Harbin by Russian and German merchants jointly. Owing to the conditions obtaining in Harbin, the land and buildings were registered in the name of the Russian partners, and the company thus acquired a Russian status vis-à-vis the Russian authorities.\n\nRecently the brewery company has been in difficulties, and suits having been brought against them in the Russian courts, judgment was given to the effect that the property should be sold for the benefit of the creditors. The German partners, who at this time held a predominant interest in the concern, objected to the judgment, and asked for the assistance of their consul, Dr. Daumiller.\n\nDr. Daumiller seems to have acted somewhat impetuously, and Dr. Heintges received instructions to proceed to Harbin to enquire into the matter. He found that the brewery company had on several previous occasions accepted the protection of the Russian authorities, and in the present suit had offered no protest to the jurisdiction until after judgment had been given.\n\nDr. Heintges therefore came to the conclusion that the brewery was practically under Russian jurisdiction, and that the German merchants had no claim to be supported in their protest.\n\nThe matter is now amicably settled, and there would seem to be no ground for supposing that the boycott that was at one time threatened is to be made effective.\n\n[2495 h-1]\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**ROBERT WILLIS**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423614, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "page_number": 218, "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "content_text": "## 217 30215 \n\nF22 2 DEC 09 \n\nIn Sir John Jordan's despatch No. 365 to you of the 6th October, 1909, copy of which was sent to this Embassy, he states that the Wai-wu Pu do not altogether approve of the haste with which the negotiations have been conducted, and are likely to counsel more deliberation in the negotiations of the detailed agreement—the brake would appear to have already been applied. Should, however, the detailed agreement be sanctioned by the Emperor on the lines of the preliminary one, very energetic protests on the part of the Japanese Government and people may be expected.\n\nI have sent a copy of this despatch by safe messenger to Peking.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**CLAUDE M. MACDONALD**.\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\n**CHINA RAILWAYS.**\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n[42488]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[November 20.]\n\n## SECTION 2,\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.—(Received November 20.)\n\n(No. 305.) Sir,\n\nTokyo, October 19, 1909. I HAVE the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of a despatch which I have received from Mr. Gordon, acting British vice-consul at Dairen, in regard to the reconstruction of the Antung-Mukden Railway.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**CLAUDE M. MACDONALD**.\n\nP.S.—Mr. Gordon has sent a copy of his despatch to His Majesty's Minister at Peking.\n\nC. M. MACD.\n\n### Inclosure in No. 1.\n\n(No. 50.) Sir,\n\nActing Vice-Consul Gordon to Sir C. MacDonald,\n\nDairen, October 12, 1909. I HAVE the honour to report that a recent Gazette of the South Manchuria Railway Company contained a supplement altering the working time-tables of the Antung-Mukden line to allow of the running of broad-gauge trains between Mukden and Chin-shan-tun, which is about 10 miles south of the point where the Antung line crosses the Fushun branch.\n\nThe route most favoured by the engineers of the company, when the surveys had been made, was the deflection of the line westwards from Chin-shan-tun so as to join the main line at Su-chia-tun, the junction for the Fushun branch. This route was opposed by the Chinese, who wished apparently to force the Antung line to cross directly over the Fushun branch. As they claim that the Antung line is not an integral part of the South Manchuria Railway, this would give them a precedent for the crossing of the Hsin-min-tun line over the South Manchuria Railway at Mukden itself, and enable them to prolong this line into the city. To prevent this, the South Manchuria Railway Company has constructed two curves, one from Hun-ho station (between Mukden and Su-chia-tun) to the Fushun branch, and the other from the Fushun branch to the Antung line. Consequently, when this latter is reconstructed, the trains will have to run over the metals of the Fushun branch for a short distance, thus leaving the South Manchuria Railway Company master of the situation.\n\nI enclose a sketch-map* of the lines in the vicinity of Mukden, which will make the position clear.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**E. L. S. GORDON**.\n\n*Not reproduced.\n\n[2486]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423731, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "page_number": 335, "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n\n### No. 1\n\n#### SECTION 1\n\nSir,\n\nForeign Office to Board of Trade.\n\nForeign Office, November 25, 1909.\n\nI am directed by Secretary Sir Edward Grey to transmit to you herewith, to be laid before the Board, a copy of a despatch which has been received from His Majesty's Minister at Peking on the subject of the discrimination against Newchwang and in favour of Dairen, shown by a new scale of rates recently introduced on the South Manchuria Railway.\n\nSir E. Grey is anxious, if possible, to prevent any unfair discrimination against Newchwang, where there are large British interests, and I am to enquire whether, in the opinion of the Board of Trade, this new scale of rates affords material for a protest to be addressed to the Japanese Government.\n\nI am to remind you that the question of railway rates in Manchuria has already formed the subject of correspondence between the Board of Trade and this department, which ended with the Board's letter of the 14th January, 1908.\n\nI am, &c.\n\nF. A. CAMPBELL.\n\n*Sir J. Jordan, No. 389, October 25, 1909. \n\n[2495 bb-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423765, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "page_number": 369, "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "content_text": "# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n[45071]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n368 \n80 \n421 \n\n[December 11.] \nINGO JAN 10 \nSECTION 3.\n\n**Sir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received December 11.)**\n(No. 322.)\n\nTokyo, November 11, 1909.\n\nSir,\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 276 of the 22nd September last, I have the honour to enclose a copy of a further despatch from the acting British vice-consul at Dairen relative to the apparent smuggling into Manchuria of goods from the leased territory of Quantung.\n\nMr. Gordon has gone into the matter carefully, and as a result of his enquiries has formed the conclusion that, though the charge of smuggling has not been wholly disproved, yet it is impossible that it can have been carried on in the wholesale manner that the statistics in the Customs returns would seem to indicate.\n\nA copy of Mr. Gordon's despatch has been sent to His Majesty's Minister at Peking.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\n## Inclosure in No. 1.\n**Acting Vice-Consul Gordon to Sir C. MacDonald.**\n\n(No. 55. Confidential.)\n\nDairen, October 29, 1909.\n\nSir,\n\nIN a despatch dated the 1st September last, addressed to His Majesty's Minister at Peking, a copy of which was forwarded to the embassy, His Majesty's consul-general at Mukden drew attention to the disproportion between the imports into the leased territory and those into Manchuria via Dairen, as shown in the Customs returns for 1908, and drew the conclusion that smuggling must have been carried on on a large scale. Special notice was taken of the fact that the imports into Dairen, exclusive of railway material, during 1908 were valued at 13,104,834 taels, of which goods to the value of only 4,645,079 taels went forward into Manchuria. The statistics regarding the principal articles imported for the use of the natives, namely, cotton piece-goods, flour, cigarettes, and sugar, were reviewed, and the deduction drawn that the proportion sent into Manchuria through the Customs was far too small.\n\nIn my reply (a copy of which was forwarded in my despatch No. 42 of the 8th September) I stated that, from such enquiries as I had been able to make, I could not but confirm the suspicion that smuggling must have been carried on to a large extent. I did not think, however, that it was the fault of the railway company, and suggested that it would be advisable for an investigation to be made into the working of the Customs.\n\nOwing to my approaching departure on leave and to heavy pressure of other work, I was not able to make such thorough enquiries as I should have liked, but the evidence of the statistics seemed to me to afford a clear proof that smuggling must have been carried on, and, as your Excellency is aware, it is practically impossible to either prove or disprove such charges unless specific cases can be brought forward. Since my return, I have gone into the subject rather more closely, and I have the honour to submit the following remarks on the articles specially referred to in Mr. Willis's despatch:\n\nCotton Piece Goods.-Owing to the general depression of trade in Japan in 1907, and to the active encouragement given to exporters by their Government, Japanese manufacturers sent over to this port during 1908 specially large quantities, being attracted by the glowing reports spread by those who had returned from Manchuria in 1907. The market, however, did not come up to expectation, and consequently the stocks held in Dairen at the end of 1908 were abnormally large, and several dealers failed. With the development of the bean trade and the amount of money thus...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423766, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "page_number": 370, "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "content_text": "## 369 \n\n2 \n\npoured into the interior, matters have since much improved. This is shown by the following table of Japanese piece goods, specially mentioned as such in the Customs returns, imported through the Customs and forwarded into the interior by rail for the first half of 1908 and 1909 respectively.\n\n| Article | 1908 | 1909 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Shirtings (pieces) | 107,560 | 16,042 |\n| Sheetings (pieces) | 16,845 | 169,962 |\n| Drills (pieces) | 24,509 | 21,794 |\n| Table cloths | 61 | |\n| Cotton cloth (yards) | 1,099,470 | 2,522,707 |\n| Handkerchiefs (dozens) | 1,314 | 7,828 |\n| Towels (piculs) | 2,494 | 2,788 |\n| Yerus | | 19,052 |\n| | | 9,411 |\n\nAccording to the Government returns, the value of the imports of all classes of cotton goods up to the end of May of this year was not very much greater than that for the same period of 1908, and I believe that it will be found that the increase in imports is due to the much larger quantities brought in from Shanghae. The heavy increases in the quantities of goods sent into the interior by rail may be assumed therefore to have come from the stocks held over at the end of 1908.\n\nFlour --- The small quantity of flour that found its way up-country may be ascribed to the steadily decreasing value of silver during 1908, and to the competition of the Tiebling and Harbin flour mills. The trade appears to be a dying one.\n\nCigarettes. The statistics relating to cigarettes refer to values only, and consequently, for the reasons given further on, must be treated with suspicion. There are two other reasons for the small quantity sent into Manchuria. One is that the average Japanese is a far greater consumer of cigarettes than the Chinese, so that it is quite possible that over half the total quantity imported is consumed in the leased territory. Secondly, of the total value of 648,965 taels imported during 1908, 306,181 taels represented cigarettes other than Japanese - chiefly Egyptian. In Dairen, there are several foreign cigarette dealers who hold sole agencies for Manchuria, Corea, and Japan for various brands of Egyptian cigarettes, and I have reason to believe that these find their way to the last two countries rather than to the former.\n\nSugar. The agent of the Taikoo sugar refinery paid a special visit to this port last year, and, after a thorough investigation, was satisfied that no smuggling of this article was carried on to any appreciable extent.\n\nThe foregoing will tend to explain to a great extent the disproportion between the imports into the leased territory and those into Manchuria through Dairen. Still, it is not absolutely satisfying, but as I have said before, it is impossible to explain fully any general charges.\n\nThe attention of the inspector-general of Customs at Peking was drawn to the question, and instructions were sent by him to the commissioner of Customs here to furnish a full report on the Customs procedure in the leased territory, and on the measures that can be taken under the agreement, or any modification thereof, to prevent the passing of the frontier by uncertificated goods, whether by rail or otherwise. The required report has been completed, and will be forwarded shortly.\n\nMr. Tachibana points out, in the first place, that merchandise imported into the leased territory is not \"passed at the custom house,\" as is generally understood by the phrase. Importers of cargo merely send in reports to the Customs, stating the quantity and value of their goods, and these reports have to be accepted by the Customs, which prepare their table of the \"values of trade\" for the year on them. As an instance of how arbitrary a value is sometimes placed on goods in these \"reports,\" Mr. Tachibana mentions that last year, application was made for the import into Manchuria of certain goods, the \"c.i.f.\" value of which proved to be 4,000 taels. By chance, however, it was discovered that these were the same goods which, at the time of their landing, had been reported at a value of 7,000 taels.\n\nAttention is next drawn to the enterprises carried on in the leased territory. The materials for the erection of a cement factory and machinery, therefore, cost some 583,000 yen, while the South Manchuria Railway Company's outlay in 1908 for materials, etc., exclusively for use in the leased territory, amounted to over 15,000,000 yen. The Yokohama Specie Bank estimated the value of building material consumed at 6,401,000 yen, and put the total consumption in the leased territory during last year at 72.6 per cent. of the total imports for the year.\n\nThe Commissioner then touches on the question of supplies for the Japanese garrison and railway guards in Kwantung and Manchuria, there being six battalions of the former and one division of the latter. It appears that when the Customs were first opened in 1907, the military authorities did not permit them to \"meddle with military matters,\" as they termed it, and used to load the supplies without having them passed at the Customs, and that this practice was followed up to the end of 1908. From this year on, however, Mr. Tachibana has succeeded in getting reports of the supplies forwarded by the Kwantung Army Supply Department. By this amount, the imports into Manchuria appear less than what they ought to have been.\n\nTaking next the connection of the railway company, it is pointed out, in the first place, that the specific tariff which applies to goods sent from Dairen and Newchwang stations only offers such a reduced rate as not to make it worth carrying away merchandise secretly from Dairen and loading it for the interior at a station at or near the boundary. Further, all railway station masters have instructions from head-quarters that no cargo intended for beyond the leased territory should be loaded unless passed by the Customs. It cannot be asserted positively that these orders are obeyed to the letter, but as the head Customs officer is often requested by telephone to send a man to pass goods at a station where no Customs officer is stationed, it appears that the instructions are well observed. As a further check against irregularity, an outdoor man is allowed to travel with a free pass up and down the line and constantly travels as far as Wafangtien to watch the movement of goods. In view of the willing co-operation of the railway authorities, Mr. Tachibana deprecates any such proposal as the placing of Customs seals on the cars or the checking of the goods on the cars at Pulantien, thereby delaying all trains by some thirty minutes, as this would be construed as doubting their sincerity, and the relations between the railway people and the Customs would at once return to their former state.\n\nAs regards the smuggling of goods across the frontier by cart, this may be carried on to a limited extent, but there is no means of stopping it. It is impossible to watch the whole coast line of the peninsula, so that if there be any smuggling of foreign imports, it should be by junks. The commissioner is trying to find out if there are any traces of this and, if so, will submit a full report. The work at Pitsewo appears to be satisfactory.\n\nThere is an unsatisfactory article in the present Customs regulations under which articles, the produce of or manufactured from the produce of the leased territory, may pass into the interior free of duty. Such articles at present consist of cement, fish, and ground nuts. Of these, cement is passed free of duty, but all importers of ground nuts and some importers of fish are in the habit of paying the general tariff duty before the goods are sent into the interior.\n\nMr. Tachibana recommends -\n\n(a) A fundamental change in the Customs agreement, abolishing the free area and the placing of the Customs on the same footing as that at Kiaochow.\n\nOr, since no agreement has yet been made regarding the procedure to be observed in case of frauds against the Customs or contravention of their rules, at least\n\n(b) The insertion of clauses similar to those in the Kiaochow agreement, such as -\n\n\"The Customs procedure is guided by the principles and follows the practice in force at the Chinese maritime custom-houses at the various treaty ports, and customs control, wherever necessary, is exercised by its officers.\"\n\n\"Confiscation and fines will be imposed according to the principles laid down in the treaties and which are in force at the maritime custom-house.\"\n\nAt present, the commissioner's authority is in a crippled condition, his right to inflict a fine or to confiscate goods being confined, according to the Japanese authorities, to three cases only (article 4, inland waters steam navigation in the agreements, articles 3 and 22 of the provisional regulations).\n\nThe Japanese authorities do not interpret article 12 of the agreement, \"The Customs tariff in force in the Chinese treaty ports shall be applied likewise by the", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423767, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "page_number": 371, "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "content_text": "## 370 \n## 421 \n\n[December 14]. \n\n### SECTION 1. \n\nJAN 10 \n\n**maritime Customs office at Dairen** as including the appended rules to the tariff. It would be advisable therefore to insert in the article the phrase \"and the appended rules thereto\" after the word \"tariff.\" \n\nThe third clause in article 1 of the provisional regulations reads: \"Foreign goods imported from a Chinese treaty port, if consumed in the leased territory, or re-exported from the leased territory, and when they are accompanied by duty-paid certificates, are entitled to drawback at the port of duty payment.\" \n\nThis is evidently at variance with article 9 of the agreement: \"For Japanese and other non-Chinese merchandise, on being shipped to Dairen from a Chinese treaty port, the import duty paid at the latter port shall be refunded by drawback according to treaty stipulations.\" \n\nMr. Tachibana closes his report by saying that he desires a fundamental change in the position of the Customs, and that he does not propose to enter into detailed points relating to desirable alterations in the agreement or the provisional regulations. \n\nUpon reviewing the whole situation, I think that the following conclusions will be reached: \n\n1. That sufficient answer has been made to the charge of wholesale smuggling to prove that it is impossible for this to have been carried on to the extent that the statistics in the Customs returns would seem to indicate, but that the charge has not been wholly disproved. I am sure that smuggling is carried on to a certain extent, but whether it can be prevented is another matter. It might be to the advantage of the Chinese authorities to keep a close watch on junks arriving from the leased territory at Fuchow and Kaiping in the Liaotung Peninsula and Chinchow-fu in the Liao-hsi district. \n\n2. That such smuggling as is carried on is not connived at by the South Manchurian Railway Company or the Japanese authorities in any way. \n\n3. That goods produced in the leased territory ought not to be allowed into the interior without payment of duty. I imagine that as regards the cement of the Onoda Company, this is done on purpose to compete with the Tongshan works. While the latter, however, have to pay a yearly sum in lieu of likin charges, not only are the former able to import all their materials free of any import duty, but their produce may circulate in the interior without paying any charges whatever. As has been pointed out before, it will be exceedingly difficult for the Chinese authorities to collect any duty on goods passing out of the various railway settlements. This will also apply to other goods manufactured here, and it is quite possible that in the course of a few years this place may become a considerable manufacturing centre. \n\n4. Better methods should be employed for the discovery of the proper quantity and value of the goods imported into Dairen. There appears to be some leakage in the offices regarding imports, as by joining a certain news agency, it is possible to learn exact particulars of all the cargo brought in the day previously. Many importers probably wilfully mis-state the nature of their cargo to prevent their rivals knowing what has been brought in. I understand that the leakage is in the wharf office. \n\n5. With regard to the commissioner of Customs' recommendations, I do not think it likely that the Japanese authorities can be induced to abolish the free area. It seems only fair, however, that the commissioner should be enabled to confiscate goods and impose fines in the same manner as in the treaty ports. \n\nThere seems to be a general idea abroad that foreign merchants are still being discriminated against in places where the Japanese have control. My experience during the past fourteen months is that this is not the case. \n\nAs this dispatch contains the gist of the private report of the commissioner of Customs, I have the honour to request that it may be treated as **confidential**. \n\nI have, &c. \n\nE. L. S. GORDON. \n\n0 \n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government]. \n\n**AFFAIRS OF CHINA**. \n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**. \n\n[45361] \n\n### (No. 647.) \n\nSir, \n\n#### No. 1. \n\nSir A. Nicolson to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received December 14.) \n\nSt. Petersburgh, December 10, 1909. \n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith summary of an article which has appeared in to-day's issue of the \"Novoe Vremya\" on the subject of the protest by China against the Harbin convention. \n\nI have, &c. \n\nA. NICOLSON. \n\n#### Inclosure in No. 1. \n\n**Précis of Article in the \"Novoe Vremya\" of December 10, 1909**. \n\nTHE Eastern Chinese Railway exists apparently chiefly for the purpose of draining the State Treasury and for the creation of endless diplomatic tangles. By the treaty of 1896 the rights of the railway were quite clearly and precisely defined. Both the company and the Chinese authorities thoroughly understood the position and all practical questions which arose were decided on the basis of the treaty. This was the position of affairs till the end of last year when some well-meaning hand interfered. The misunderstandings which arose with Chinese merchants residing in Harbin led to the closing of their trading establishments; in this connection it would have paid the company to have insisted on their legal rights, and it is regrettable that it should have been found necessary to have recourse to diplomatic representations. The Russian Minister in Peking, without sufficient reason, played too active a part in the negotiations respecting an alteration in that part of the treaty which gave the company exclusive rights of administration within the radius of the alienated land. As a result the convention of this year was signed between the company and the Chinese Government. The new agreement materially reduces the powers granted to the company by the treaty of 1896. Blame must attach to the Russian Minister in Peking for having signed such a document. Until this new agreement was concluded --an agreement which places all foreigners under the Chinese authorities--foreigners, \"with the exception, of course, of Germans and Americans,\" lived quietly and obeyed the regulations legally established by the company. Of course, foreigners will not consent to live under these new conditions, though at the same time they are quite ready to take advantage of the clauses in the Russo-Chinese agreement of this year in so far as they increase the rights of foreigners. \n\nA contrast between the present state of affairs at Harbin with the conditions prevailing previous to the signature of this last agreement is very much in favour of the latter. By her protest China has rendered this new instrument invalid and the position reverts to that existing under the treaty of 1896; and if any questions of administration arise in the alienated area, they should be decided without considering this last agreement, the validity of which is disputed by China and by third parties alike. There is only one thing, however, of which we are afraid, and that is Russian diplomatic methods. Russia is not claiming any new possessions, but she should and she must defend her existing rights from all attacks. Those who are directly connected with the negotiations must not forget that every international agreement is a legal act in which the force and extent of real and moral obligations must be taken into consideration. Those who do not understand this had better desist from diplomatic action, the significance of which they are often unable to foresee. The Chinese Government dispute the validity of this new agreement and we may be thankful for it; a fresh agreement, the necessity of which cannot be denied, will be drawn up by more experienced hands. \n\n[2548 -1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428100, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 25, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA,\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[46142]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[December 20.]\n\nSECTION 4.\n\n(No. 341.) Sir,\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey,-(Received December 20.)\n\nTokyo, December 2, 1909.\n\nI HAVE the honour to enclose a copy of the new baggage and freight rates of the South Manchurian Railway Company, which I have received from the acting British vice-consul at Dairen. These rates came into force last month.\n\nA copy of a memorandum by Mr. Gordon is enclosed also, showing the principal points of difference between the new rates and those previously in force. The latter formed an enclosure in my despatch No. 156 of the 19th June, 1908.\n\nI am informed by Mr. Gordon that the new rates excited considerable opposition when first published, and that various modifications had to be made until they reached their present form.\n\nCopies of the enclosures in this despatch have been forwarded to His Majesty's Minister at Peking.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD,\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum by Acting Vice-Consul Gordon.\n\nTHE new freight rates of the South Manchuria Railway Company show considerable alterations as compared with those published in July 1908. Generally speaking, there is a reduction all round, and the tendency of the company to gather everything into its own hands is shown by the abolition of the rebate system, and the forwarding business being undertaken by the company itself. Newchwang obtains further relief, and rates to and from that port are cheaper than to and from Dairen as far as Kungchuling (399 miles), whereas from Tiebling (292.4 miles) and beyond they were equal. The principal alterations made are as follows:-\n\n1. Abolition of Chinese weights and substitution of Japanese weights. Owing to the similarity of these two systems the alteration is more apparent than real.\n\n2. Alteration in extra charges for heavy goods. The former rates were: Articles over 18 feet in length, or weighing singly more than 3 tons, 20 per cent.; over 30 feet in length, or weighing singly more than 5 tons, 50 per cent.\n\nOver 3 tons per piece6101520253151\n********20304050\nby special arrangement.\n\nThe new rates are-\n\nPer cent.\n\nwhile as regards the size of articles, 50 per cent. is charged on those over 21 feet and under 33 feet, the rates on articles over the latter figure being by special arrangement.\n\n3. With the undertaking of the forwarding business by the company itself, new charges are fixed for loading and unloading at the terminal points, and fees taken for such goods as may be sent on the \"cash on delivery\" system.\n\n4. The demurrage rates are altered and made slightly cheaper, being 30 sen per ton for every twelve hours as against 70 sen per ton for every twenty-four hours.\n\n5. New regulations have been issued regarding the value of goods, and the company will undertake responsibility to a certain extent. The charges are 10 sen per 100 yen, the minimum being 1 yen.\n\n6. Formerly goods of any class were accepted by the car-load, but as the company is itself undertaking the forwarding business, first-class goods will be accepted only by the \"kin\" rates.\n\n[2548 u-4]\n\n* Not printed.\n\n24\n\nPage 24\n\n \n[end of page]\n\n[Page 25]\n\n \n[start of page]\n\n \n...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428101, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 26, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": ":|\n\n2\n\n7. Alterations in the special freight rates, and their adaptation to goods to and from Port Arthur station. The following table shows the advantages gained by Newchwang at the principal points along the line for third-class goods, i.e., cereals, bean cake, &c.:--\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[December 21.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nDairen.\n\n \n \n To and from---\n Old Rates.\n New Rates.\n Old Rates.\n New Rates.\n \n \n \n \n \n Yen per ton.\n Yen per ton.\n Yen per ton.\n Yen per ton.\n \n \n Mukden..\n 4.90\n 4.50\n 3.95\n 3.36\n \n \n Tielling..\n 5.40\n 5.00\n 5.40\n 4.68\n \n \n Kaiyuan\n 6.00\n 6.70\n 6.00\n 5.31\n \n \n Changtu\n 6.65\n 6.40\n 6.65\n 5.88\n \n \n Szupingchieh\n 7.80\n 7.30\n 7.30\n 6.87\n \n \n Kungchuling\n 8.00\n 8.00\n 8.00\n 7.86\n \n \n Fanchiatun\n 8.50\n 8.20\n 8.50\n 8.20\n \n \n Changchun\n 8.50\n 8.30\n 8.50\n 8.30\n \n \n\n8. A special discount is made on gunny bags sent from Dairen or Newchwang. When the weight exceeds 3,000 kin, the charge will be 20 sen per 100 kin, irrespective of distance. This has been done to encourage the use of new bags and to reduce expenses as much as possible in the trade in the staple products of Manchuria.\n\nE. G.\n\nDairen, November 23, 1909.\n\n[46372]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n(No. 213.) Sir,\n\nSir Edward Grey to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nForeign Office, December 21, 1909.\n\nI took an opportunity on the 17th instant of giving the Japanese Ambassador a summary of all that had passed respecting Macao, including a statement of our position in the matter, as described in the telegram which I was sending to Sir John Jordan, on hearing that the Chinese had refused arbitration.\n\nI explained to the Ambassador that I was not making an official communication to him or asking that any action should be taken, but that, in view of our alliance, I thought it was as well to keep him informed of the situation.\n\n[2548-1]\n\nI am, &c.\n\nE. GREY.\n\n25", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428130, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 55, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "2\n\ngrowth. In the streets there is more activity, the shops are brighter and more attractive, building is going on both in the residential and commercial quarters, and the era of speculation and reckless extravagance which has characterised Harbin since the conclusion of hostilities now seems to have given way to a more normal and businesslike method of living.\n\nAlthough up to the present no new enterprises have been started, I am informed that there is a considerable quantity of capital awaiting employment, which, I was given to understand, would mainly be devoted to the establishment of bean-oil factories. The sugar-beet factory at Asiho, 10 miles from Harbin, the erection of which was delayed for over a year owing to difficulty in finding funds, has now been completed, and two other similar factories are in course of erection at Harbin.\n\nIn this connection I would remark that certain Japanese have also been experimenting with beet at Chang Ch'un, and the analysis of the root made by the experimental laboratory established by the South Manchuria Railway at Dairen is reported to be very satisfactory. It thus seems possible that there may be considerable development in this industry in North Manchuria.\n\nThe flour-mills which were established at Harbin during the Russo-Japanese war for the purpose of supplying the necessities of the Russian troops are not up to the present proving a success. During the year 1907 the Russo-Chinese Bank foreclosed on the mortgages it held on the eight principal mills and a new syndicate was formed, but at the present only three out of the eight mills are working. Without further information than I have at present, it is difficult to account for the comparative failure of these mills; there is a large quantity of wheat grown in the district and a considerable export of the raw product, and it seems to me almost impossible to believe that this industry, if properly conducted, will not ultimately play its part in the development of the district.\n\nIt is practically an impossibility to arrive at the exact value of the trade of the town of Harbin, but it is undoubtedly the chief distributing centre of Northern Manchuria, and an examination of the trade statistics published by the Chinese Customs for the stations of Manchouli on the western, and of Sui-fen Ho on the eastern frontier, may prove of assistance in showing the importance of the trade of the district taken as a whole.\n\nIn the year 1908 the figures show a net import of 2,852,551 Haikwan taels, and a net export of 977,231 Haikwan taels via Manchouli. The imports are for the most part of Russian or German origin, and apparently are destined in the main for the consumption of the Russian inhabitants of Northern Manchuria.\n\nThe following table shows the quantity or value, as given by the customs returns, of the principal articles:\n\n \n MANCHOULI\n PRINCIPAL Imports during 1908\n \n \n Cotton-\n \n \n \n Piece-goods\n 12,740 pieces\n \n \n Goods, unclassed\n 121,816 yards\n \n \n Woollen-\n \n \n \n Cloth\n 20,473 yards\n \n \n Blankets\n 52,444 lbs\n \n \n Cigarettes\n 3\n \n \n Clothing, foreign\n \n \n\nThe following tables show the value or quantity of the chief articles of export and import:\n\n \n SUIFENHO\n TABLE of principal Imports during 1908\n \n \n Cotton-\n \n \n \n Piece-goods\n 77,897 pieces\n \n \n Cloth\n 417,184 yards\n \n \n Towels\n 14,942 dozen\n \n \n Woollen-\n \n \n \n Carriages\n 308,858 yards\n \n \n Cloth\n 8,974 lbs\n \n \n Blankets\n 28,475 piculs\n \n \n Pig-iron\n 588,446 pieces\n \n \n Bags--\n \n \n \n Cotton\n 1,608,846\n \n \n Gunny\n 26,206 Haikwan taels\n \n \n Cigarettes\n 96,433\n \n \n Haberdashery, &c.\n 46,052\n \n \n Kerosene, Russian\n 38,912\n \n \n Salt\n 11\n \n \n Spirits\n 20,293\n \n \n Stores, household\n 182,326 gallons\n \n \n Sugar\n 1,029,385\n \n \n Hardware\n 77,541 piculs\n \n \n India-rubber\n 134,782 Haikwan taels\n \n \n Machinery\n 66,127\n \n \n Oil, engine\n 14,000 piculs\n \n \n Tea\n 11\n \n \n Wines\n 5,435\n \n \n Bean-cake\n 79,354 Haikwan taels\n \n \n Beans and peas\n \n \n\n \n PRINCIPAL Exports during 1908\n \n \n \n Cereals: Barley, buckwheat, Kaoliang maize, millet, cats, rye, wheat\n 555,330 piculs\n \n \n Firewood\n 1,110,339\n \n \n Flour and wheat\n 414,361\n \n \n Live-stock: Fowls, ducks, &c., horses, ponies, oxen, cows, pigs, and sheep\n 7,559,947\n \n \n Oil: bean and hemp\n 253,975\n \n \n Meat, fresh: beef, mutton, and pork\n -\n \n \n Railway sleepers\n 55\n \n \n Tar\n 67,811 head\n \n \n Timber-\n \n \n \n Soft wood, beams\n 69,093 piculs\n \n \n laths\n 8,831\n \n \n planks\n 103,418 pieces\n \n \n Hard wood, beams\n 28,850 gallons\n \n \n planks\n 3,987,466 pieces\n \n \n poles\n 3,913,803 super feet\n \n \n \n 7,883 cubic feet\n \n \n \n 29,150\n \n \n \n 5,700\n \n \n Confectionery\n 475,761 mille\n \n \n Haberdashery, &c.\n 70,564 Haikwan taels\n \n \n Hardware\n 17,063\n \n \n Machinery\n 17,262\n \n \n Shoes and boots, all sorts, foreign\n 38,367\n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n \n 21,891\n \n \n \n 19\n \n \n Timber and planks, soft wood\n 128,102 pairs\n \n \n Skin (fur) clothing\n (value)\n \n \n Spirits of wine\n 98,578 Haikwan taels\n \n \n \n 404,639 gallons\n \n \n \n 451,038 square feet\n \n\nThe chief export to Europe by this route are skins, flour from the Harbin mills, and hemp oil; 487,797 pieces of skins were exported, of which 238,479 were sheep, and 210,221 were tarabagan. Only 920 pieces of sable are recorded.\n\nThe flour export amounted to 115,470 piculs, and the hemp oil to 10,273 piculs. (One picul = 133 lbs.).\n\nThe trade of Sui Fen Ho, or Pogranichnaya as it is called by the Russians, is, however, far more important, the net value for 1908 amounting to 11,985,705 taels, of which 3,481,296 taels were imports, and 8,504,409 taels exports.\n\nThe total value of the trade across the Russian frontiers thus amounts to 15,815,490 Haikwan taels, but in addition to this there is the import arriving at Harbin from the south, either by the branch of the Chinese Eastern Railway from Chang Ch'un to Harbin or by Chinese cart. No figures are available to check these imports, but I do not think 3,000,000 Haikwan taels would be an unreasonable estimate.\n\nThe policy of the Chinese Eastern Railway has hitherto been to discourage import via Chang Ch'un, in favour of Vladivostock, and the rates charged are so high that it is cheaper to carry from Chang Chun to Harbin by cart than by rail. The average freight by rail from Newchwang to Chang Ch'un by the South Manchurian Railway, a distance of 300 miles, say 173. a-ton, is approximately equal to the amount charged by the Chinese Eastern Railway for carriage from Chang Ch'un to Harbin, a distance of only 140 miles. Consequently goods are brought up to Chang Ch'un from Dairen and Newchwang by the South Manchurian Railway and forwarded on by Chinese cart, this method being apparently economically competitive as against shipment from Shanghai to Vladivostock and rail thence to Harbin.\n\nThe general trade of Northern Manchuria which even in 1908 can be estimated at a value of 20,000,000 Haikwan taels, received however an enormous stimulus towards the end of that year from the export of the soya beans to Europe, and as the ...\n\nB 2 [2518 u-2]\n\n54", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428131, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 56, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "5\n\ngrowth and development of this trade may have important effects on the commercial condition of the whole of Manchuria, a brief account of the origin and present state of the trade may be of interest.\n\nThe soya bean has been largely grown in Manchuria for many years past, and beans and beancake have been one of the staple exports of the country for many years, the destination being Japan and South China where the cake is used mainly as a fertilizer. Up to the year 1907, however, as far as can be ascertained from the only customs figures available, those for the port of Newchwang, the export did not exceed 120,000 tons annually. During the year 1908 the export rose to approximately 330,000 tons, one half of which was exported from Dairen; of the remainder 100,000 tons were shipped from Newchwang and 65,000 went out by rail via Suifenho. This increase was almost entirely due to the demand from Europe, which continued throughout the present year, and seems likely to increase rather than diminish.\n\nTaking the customs figures from October 1908 until June 1909, no less than 660,000 tons of beans left Manchuria, 341,000 from Dairen, 177,000 from Suifenbo, and 142,000 from Newchwang.\n\nBeans were still being shipped throughout July and August, so that the total of last year's crop exported may be estimated between 700,000 and 800,000 tons.\n\nI am informed that 450,000 tons approximately of this amount were exported to England, 300,000 tons of which were sold in London by the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha. The British firms who engaged in the trade bought mainly at Dairen, and as the Japanese firm was in a position to control the market both in Manchuria and London, they did not, I am led to believe, find their ventures profitable. The Mitsui firm bought largely direct from the farmers, having in their employ a large number of agents both Chinese and Japanese, who travelled in the interior on their behalf. Against an enterprise so well organised it was, of course, difficult for any individual firm to make headway, and it appeared at first as if the export to Europe would strengthen rather than diminish the Japanese commercial position in Manchuria.\n\nThat Japanese imports, especially cottons, have improved consequent upon the development of the export trade is undoubted, and even a slight knowledge of the financial conditions obtaining in Manchuria will show the enormous advantage control of exports gives to the importer.\n\nThe principal distributing centre for the Kirin province at present is Ch'ang Ch'un which is also the chief bean market in Northern Manchuria. Transactions amongst Chinese in this mart are settled in \"tiao\" notes, i.e., notes issued by the Kirin Provincial Government Bank, the head of which is the Governor of Kirin. These notes were originally worth 40 cents of the so-called Manchurian small coin. The small coin consists of 10 and 20 cent pieces coined locally, which exchange on the average at the rate of 110 cents small coin to the Mexican dollar.\n\nOwing to the financial necessities of the provincial government, the issue of these notes had been so increased that it is said now there are 80,000,000 in circulation, presumably against no reserve of silver. In fact the export of small coin silver from Kirin province has been strictly forbidden for the past three years, and in the case of British firms I have been compelled to apply for special permission to export. In consequence of these conditions the \"tiao\" has fallen from 25 to 30 per cent. in value, and is subject to daily fluctuations not only vis-à-vis the small coin, but the various other coinages in use at the mart, viz., Japanese gold yen, Japanese silver yen, roubles and taels. These fluctuations are of an extraordinary nature, as the following figures showing the daily value of the \"tiao\" notes for one week as against the other currencies will show.\n\n \n Date\n Gold Yen\n Silver Yen\n Roubles\n Small Coin\n Taels\n \n \n July 22\n 4,540\n 3,750\n 4,650\n 3,285\n 5,205\n \n \n 23\n 4,560\n 3,763\n 4,685\n 3,820\n 5,275\n \n \n 24\n 4,510\n 3,735\n 4,645\n 3,300\n 5,252\n \n \n 25\n 4,520\n 3,750\n 4,660\n 3,800\n 5,625\n \n \n 26\n 4,560\n 3,780\n 4,680\n 3,325\n 5,827\n \n \n 27\n 4,500\n 3,760\n 4,675\n 3,310\n 5,295\n \n\novercome the difficulties of exchange, and, in my opinion, it is to this cause that the improvement in their import trade may be largely attributed.\n\nThe present bean season has, however, commenced with a strong attack on the Mitsui's position. In Ch'ang Ch'un a powerful Chinese syndicate has been formed, which has bought most of the local crops, and has already made large contracts with British and German firms. A similar Chinese syndicate is also working in the Hei Lung Chiang province.\n\nLast season practically the whole of the crop in the Chang Chun district, say, 250,000 tons, was carried to Dairen or Newchwang, only 5 per cent. of the total to the latter port, by the South Manchuria Railway. A certain proportion of this supply is grown to the north of Chang Ch'un and could be more expeditiously and economically conveyed by the Chinese Eastern Railway. The British and German firms have now, I understand, come to an arrangement for the storage of beans at points on the Chinese Eastern Railway line, and their shipment to Vladivostock at rates economically equivalent to those charged by the Southern Manchurian Railway.\n\nOwing to this competition the prices paid for the beans have risen very considerably. Last season at Chang Ch'un they varied from 12 taels to 25 taels per ton, and at Harbin from 23 kopecks to 50 kopecks per pood of 36 lbs., i.e., from 18:30 roubles to 32-34 roubles per ton; the higher prices, however, only being obtainable towards the end of the season. The freight from Harbin to Vladivostock was 15.50 roubles per ton, and from Ch'ang Ch'un to Dairen 12-10 roubles per ton.\n\nDuring the present season the market at Harbin opened at 40 kopecks the pood, has risen to 47 kopecks, and is still rising, whilst at Chang Ch'un the first prices asked were 25 taels per ton.\n\nThe present freight rates from Ch'ang Ch'un to Dairen, including f.o.b. charges are 9:32 gold yen per short ton of 2,000 lbs., whilst the new Chinese Eastern Railway rate, also including f.o.b. charges, from Chang Ch'un to Vladivostock is 18:30 kopecks per pood (10:15 roubles per short ton).\n\nThe freight from Vladivostock to London is slightly more than from Dairen to London; but whilst beans exported via Dairen pay a 5 per cent. export duty, by the regulations prevailing on the Russo-Chinese frontier, a duty of only two-thirds of 1 per cent. is payable at Suifenho station.\n\nThe distance from Vladivostock to Ch'ang Ch'un is 585 miles, whilst from Chang Ch'un to Dairen is only 438 miles; but this is compensated for by the dealers in the districts north of Chang Ch'un being able to bring their cargo to points on the Chinese Eastern Railway, and thus save the cart hire and expense of carrying the goods to the Ch'ang Ch'un market as they have hitherto done.\n\nThat this saving may be considerable can be shown from one instance that has been brought to my notice. Owing to the badness of the roads in Kirin province it took four men fourteen days to bring in beans to Ch'ang Ch'un valued at not more than 27.\n\nThe fact that it is economically possible for the Chinese Eastern Railway to compete at Chang Ch'un with the South Manchurian Railway must be of advantage to the exporter, and lead to the development of the trade should the demand from Europe continue, as there seems every prospect of its doing.\n\nAt present prices—say £6, 10s. per ton laid down in London—experts estimate that Europe can take annually no less than 1,000,000 tons of beans, and there is little doubt but that at this price the supply would be available. The beancake exports in 1908 amounted to 500,000 tons, and from October 1908 to June 1909—i.e., the 1908 bean crop—the export rose to 570,000 tons. The native mills, I am informed, only extract from 6 to 7 per cent. of oil from the raw product, and if the demand continues the Chinese will find it more profitable to divert a portion of the beans used in these mills to Europe.\n\nThere is further abundant space for development; it is estimated that not more than two-fifths of Kirin province is under cultivation, and considerably less than that proportion in Hei Lung Chiang.\n\nThe above considerations appear to me to indicate that the present commercial conditions in Northern Manchuria are of sufficient importance to warrant the appointment of a consular officer of suitable rank to be stationed either at Harbin or at Ch'ang Ch'un in the near future.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nROBERT WILLIS.\n\nWith a currency of such a chaotic nature it is evident that the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha being large buyers, as well as large sellers, were enabled to a large extent to...\n\n0\n\n55", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428318, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 243, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "Enclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nConsul-General Fulford to Messrs. Forbes and Co.\n\nGentlemen,\n\nTien-tsin, November 13, 1909. I BEG to acknowledge receipt of your letter of the 8th instant asking me to endeavour to obtain for you exemption from inland taxation on beans and bean oil brought from Manchuria to Chin Wang Tao for export abroad.\n\nThe question is a complicated one, and you may not be aware of all the circumstances.\n\nThe freedom from such taxation in the case of beans and bean oil exported through Dairen and Newchwang arises from the status of the Japanese Manchurian Railway. The Japanese refuse to allow the Chinese authorities to levy any taxes on goods in conveyance by the railway. Consequently, if the beans can be brought to any railway station on the line without being taxed en route they escape all internal taxation and only pay export duty. From our foreign merchants' point of view this is a happy state of things in the advantages of which our British merchants at Dairen and Newchwang participate. The Chinese Manchurian authorities of course claim that the beans are liable to taxation on their way to a railway station or a treaty mart and will enforce the tax if they can. I may mention that the only tax leviable in such cases is a \"production tax\" or transit duty in lieu thereof.\n\nIf, on the other hand, the beans were to be conveyed by the Chinese railway to Chin Wang Tao, unless they were protected by transit passes, they would have to pay the Manchurian production tax, an Imperial Board of Revenue li-kin or tax of some sort at Kou Pang Tzu (this office is quite independent of Manchurian Government control), and also the Chilli li-kin when they come into this province.\n\nIt is hopeless to attempt to persuade the Chinese Government to waive these latter taxes, because they cannot collect taxes on the Japanese railway,\n\nIt is true that it would be for the benefit of the Chinese railway to do so, but Chinese Government departments are notoriously unsympathetic for each other's welfare, and their consent would, moreover, justify to some extent the Japanese action. The only way to do the business you propose is to take out transit passes for the beans and bean oil to bring them to Chin Wang Tao for export. This should free them of all internal taxation except the transit dues.\n\nFor instance, it should relieve them of the payment of Manchurian production tax. I do not suppose that by any means all of the bean products exported at Newchwang and Dairen escape this production tax. It is a moderate tax of 1 or 11/2 per cent. ad valorem.\n\nIf the export trade at Chin Wang Tao will not stand even the transit duty, I do not see any prospect of better terms.\n\nIf there be any difficulty about taking out transit passes as above described, I am quite prepared to fight the matter for you vigorously.\n\nI am, &c.\n\nH. E. FULFORD.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n-241\n\nRece Recf18 FEB 10 [January 25.]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[2875]\n\n(No. 7.)\n\nSir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSECTION 3.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received January 25.)\n\nPeking, January 6, 1910. IN my despatch No. 564 of the 16th December, 1908, I reported that the British American Tobacco Company desired to consolidate all the various dues leviable upon their cigarettes and manufactured tobacco exported from Mukden to any place in Manchuria, and had suggested that this consolidated duty should be at the rate of a duty and a-half, viz., 6·75 mace per picul.\n\nSince that date the proposal has been the subject of considerable correspondence, the course of which has been as follows :——\n\nThe first suggestion of the company was, from the very outset, not considered practicable, and their Shanghae manager, both in conversation with me and His Majesty's consul-general at Mukden, stated that the interests of the Mukden factory would best be served by an adoption of the procedure obtaining with regard to the factories at Hankow and Shanghae. According to this procedure, which is in the nature of a concession, and was obtained by Sir Ernest Satow in 1904, the export duty levied on the cigarettes manufactured by the company is to be the same as that paid on prepared tobacco, viz., 4 mace 5 candareens per 100 catties; in the event of the goods being shipped to another treaty port the coast trade duty of one-half this amount must be paid, and, if there is a further shipment into the interior, customs dues must be paid at customs stations and li-kin at li-kin barriers.\n\nMr. Willis accordingly applied to the local authorities in December 1908 for an extension of these terms to the factory at Mukden. They replied that they were prepared to arrange for a uniform rate of 5 per cent. ad valorem throughout the three Eastern provinces. This offer was declined by the company, and Mr. Fulford, who was temporarily in charge of the consulate-general, again asked that the procedure should be adopted which exists at Hankow and Shanghae. This second request was referred to the Wai-wu Pu, and his Excellency the Viceroy later informed Mr. Willis that it had his support.\n\nAs no reply, however, was forthcoming from the Central Government, I addressed a memorandum to the Wai-wu Pu on the 12th July last, copy of which I have the honour to enclose, and on the 9th August I received a reply, copy of which is also enclosed, accepting the proposal. Subsequently, however, in their enclosed memorandum of the 9th September last, the Wai-wu Pu went back upon their previous decision, and suggested the 5 per cent. ad valorem duty which had already been refused by the company. The reason for this change of front is no doubt to be sought in the representations made at the time by the new Viceroy, who disagreed with his predecessor's opinion, as reported in Mr. Willis's enclosed despatch No. 31 of the 17th August last. I replied to the Wai-wu Pu on the 15th September that I was unable to agree to a revocation of the arrangement already accepted. At the same time, I informed His Majesty's consul-general that, although I was obliged to maintain this attitude officially, I should welcome any arrangement satisfactory to the parties concerned, and that if, as indicated in a private letter from Mr. Willis to me, the company were now anxious to adopt the proposal of a 5 per cent. duty, he should support them in their endeavour to obtain a settlement on this basis.\n\nFrom Mr. Willis's latest despatch (No. 64 of the 20th December), you will observe that the divergence of policy on the part of the company has been due to a difference of opinion between the managers of their branches at Shanghae and Mukden, but the London office of the company have now apparently decided to adopt the point of view of the Shanghae manager, and press for the procedure obtaining at Shanghae and Hankow.\n\nI shall therefore do all I can to keep the Wai-wu Pu to the engagement recorded in their memorandum of the 9th August.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN.\n\n[Enclosures not printed.]\n\n[2605 b6-3]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428477, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 402, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government 193\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n(5885)\n\nNo. 1.\n\n400\n\nII MAR TO] [February 17.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received February 17.)\n\n(No. 20.) Sir,\n\nTokyo, January 28, 1910. WITH reference to my despatch No. 322 of the 11th November last, I have the honour to forward to you herewith copy of a despatch which I have received from Mr. Paton, acting vice-consul at Dairen, reporting steps which have been taken by the commissioner of customs at that port as a further safeguard against the alleged smuggling of goods into the leased territory.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nCLAUDE M. MacDONALD.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nActing Vice-Consul Paton to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\n(No. 6.) Sir,\n\nDairen, January 22, 1910. WITH reference to Mr. Gordon's despatch No. 55 of the 29th October last, I have the honour to report that I am informed by Mr. Tachibana, commissioner of customs at this port, that as a further safeguard against the alleged smuggling of goods into the interior, he has arranged that in future all cars loaded in the leased territory with goods destined for points in Manchuria are to be sealed prior to their departure, and that the trains are to be examined on their arrival at Pulantien, the boundary station. The object, I understand, is to dispel any suspicion that merchandise is secretly removed from Dairen to be loaded at stations near the boundary, and thus carried into the interior without payment of duty. Mr. Tachibana remarked that he was quite satisfied that smuggling was not being connived at by the railway authorities, but that he had deemed it advisable to take this step in view of recent allegations that smuggling was being carried on to an enormous extent.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nG. P. PATON.\n\n[2633 r-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428492, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 417, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n1)\n\n[6099]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n415 8011\n\n+16 MARIC\n\n[February 21.]\n\nSECTION 2.\n\n(No. 36.) Sir,\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.~(Received February 21.)\n\nPeking, January 27, 1910.\n\nIN my despatch No. 343 of the 21st September last I stated the grounds on which a suspicion had arisen that large quantities of foreign goods from Japan were entering Manchuria by way of the leased territory of Kuantung free of import duty, and I added that the acting inspector-general of customs had called for a report from the commissioner of customs at Dairen (Dalny) which might throw light on the question.\n\nThe substance of the reply from the commissioner of customs, and the result of further investigation by the acting British vice-consul at Dairen were contained in Mr. Gordon's despatch to Sir Claude MacDonald, No. 55, Confidential, of the 29th October, a copy of which has probably been sent to you from Tokyo. It has been shown, I think, that although the discrepancy appearing in the customs statistics was justly called attention to, and cannot be said to have been quite satisfactorily explained, it is in fact impossible that smuggling into China by the South Manchurian Railway can be carried on to anything like the extent that was suspected. There is, moreover, reason to believe that the result of the attention given to this question by writers in the American press and elsewhere has been to ensure a closer co-operation on the part of the Japanese railway authorities with the Chinese customs to prevent smuggling.\n\nA recent despatch from the acting British consul-general at Mukden, copy of which I have the honour to enclose herewith, shows that the minds of the Chinese authorities in Manchuria are still exercised with the question of evasion of duty. The remedy, which, according to Mr. Willis, is advocated by the commissioner of customs at Mukden, is the same as that proposed by Mr. Tachibana, the commissioner of customs at Dairen, namely, a fundamental change in the Dairen customs agreement so as to put the customs on the same footing as at Kiaochow.\n\nIt is unlikely, however, as Mr. Gordon pointed out in his despatch above quoted, that the Japanese Government could be induced to abolish the free area in the leased territory. At the time the agreement was made, I believe Sir Robert Hart endeavoured to have it modelled on the Kiaochow customs ordinance of December 1905, but the Japanese insisted on adhering to the original Kiaochow procedure, and there is no reason to suppose that they would now be willing to alter their decision.\n\nIn the correspondence regarding the alleged smuggling of imports, however, a subject has been included which is really quite distinct, namely, the duty-free passage into the interior of goods manufactured in the leased territory. At present the only factory of any importance in the leased territory (besides bean mills) is the Onoda cement factory, and as the cement is chiefly used on the Japanese railway, British or Chinese cement would have little chance of competing, even under fair fixed conditions. But the question may very easily become important to other manufacturing interests. The Japanese Government laboratory at Dairen is engaged in more or less successful experiments with the products of Kuantung and the Hinterland; and the free port of Dairen will probably soon attract capital to such enterprises as the manufacture of bean soap, kaoliang spirits, paper, glass, silk, &c. Cement passes free into the interior apparently under a clause subsequently added to the provisional customs regulations of June 1907 (see Hertslet's China Treaties, vol. 2, p. 1205), which gives goods manufactured from products of the leased territory the option of \"receiving the same treatment as Chinese goods or products\" in lieu of paying import duty. Such a provision would be fair enough if the Chinese authorities had the power of taxing such goods in the same way as Chinese goods, but owing to the special conditions created by the Japanese railway and railway settlements, the Chinese authorities have no such power. The clause in question has been probably given an interpretation more extended than it was designed to have, and I am confident that the Japanese Government would be willing to agree to a modification if\n\n[2633 x-2]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428493, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 418, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "2\n\napproached by the Chinese on the subject. No complaints have yet reached me from British manufacturers, and I consider it unnecessary to raise the question prematurely. Should British interests prove to be threatened by the advantage given to Kuantung products under the existing procedure it should not be difficult to arrange to bring the customs rules more into harmony with the principles of the open door.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(For Sir John Jordan W. G. MAX MÜLLER.\n\nP.S.-Since the above was written I have received from the acting consul at Dairen copy of his despatch to Sir Claude MacDonald, No. 6, of the 22nd January, explaining the further safeguard against smuggling that has been adopted at Dairen in order to dispel suspicion.\n\nW. G. M. M.\n\n3\n\nmust, of course, pay duty at the customs stations and li-kin at the barriers. But apart from this merchants have had the option of choosing for themselves whether to take out exemption certificates or not. Now, however, foreign merchants forward their goods to the various treaty marts without taking out exemption certificates and refuse to pay further taxation. This is quite improper. Hereafter any merchants, whether foreign or native, desiring to forward goods from the various treaty ports in North or South Manchuria to the newly opened treaty marts in the interior of Manchuria must take out exemption certificates or pay duty and li-kin at the customs and barriers en route; if they refuse compliance with these rules the various stations and barriers will have to devise some satisfactory method of dealing with them.\n\nThe various commissioners of customs having been instructed accordingly, I have now the honour to bring the matter to your cognisance, and to request that you will notify British merchants to this effect and send me a reply,\n\n(Seal of Mukden Foreign Office.)\n\n(No. 65.) Sir,\n\nEnclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nActing Consul-General Willis to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nMukden, December 20, 1909, WITH reference to my despatch No. 39 of the 1st September last in which I criticised the statistics furnished by the Chinese Imperial maritime customs for the port of Tairen, I now have the honour to enclose copies of correspondence between the Mukden Bureau of Foreign Affairs and this office.\n\nMr. Teng, the acting commissioner, told me in conversation a few days ago that the Chinese authorities were quite convinced that there was considerable evasion of payment of duty on goods entering Manchuria viâ Tairen, and that under present conditions it seemed very difficult to prevent it.\n\nThe opinion of Mr. Bowra, commissioner of customs here, seems to be that the only effective solution is for the Chinese Government to approach the Japanese Government with the view of negotiating an arrangement similar to that in force at Kiaochow, under which duty should be levied on all goods entering the leased territory and a fixed proportion of the revenue should be handed over to the Japanese authorities.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nROBERT WILLIS.\n\nSir,\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nActing Consul-General Willis to the Commissioner for Foreign Affairs, Mukden.\n\nDecember 18, 1909. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch of the 15th instant with reference to the alleged practice of certain foreign merchants of refusing to pay duty or li-kin on goods imported into Manchuria which are not covered by exemption certificates.\n\nThe ruling of the revenue council appears to me only to confirm the previous provisional regulations, for the infringement of which, as far as the records of this consulate-general show, no complaints have been made against British subjects.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\nR. WILLIS.\n\nEnclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nActing Commissioner for Foreign Affairs, Mukden, to Acting Consul-General Willis.\n\n(Translation.) Sir,\n\nBY the provisional regulations respecting the import of goods into Manchuria it is laid down that foreign goods paying tariff duty at the port of entry can be conveyed free of further taxation to the treaty marts of Manchuria if an exemption certificate is obtained for them, and all the tax offices have received instructions to that effect. Of late it has transpired that at Dairen and other places a number of foreign firms have imported foreign goods into Manchuria without taking out any exemption certificates; and when the customs stations have endeavoured to levy duty and li-kin in accordance with the regulations these foreign firms have raised difficulties on the ground that the tariff duty had already been paid.\n\nI reported the matter to the high provincial authorities, who requested the president of the Board of Revenue to consider the matter and to send instructions. Now the president has replied stating that \"Provisional regulations have been drawn up by this office affecting the import of both native and foreign goods into the various treaty marts of Manchuria, and the Wai-wu Pu have sent circular despatches to the various foreign Ministers asking them to enforce compliance with these rules on the part of their nationals, as is on record. The exemption certificates issued by the customs stations in South Manchuria have been extended to all stations in North Manchuria to prevent the goods being disposed of en route with a view to the effective protection of the li-kin revenue in the interior. Goods not covered by these certificates\n\n416", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428533, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 458, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n455\n\n9850\n\n[March 7.]\n\nSECTION 24 APR 10\n\n(7910)\n\n(No. 54.) Sir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received March 7.)\n\nPeking, February 18, 1910.\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 389 of the 25th October last, I have the honour to forward herewith copy of a despatch which I have received from His Majesty's consul at Newchwang, with its enclosures, containing further representations on the subject of the discrimination in favour of Dairen and at the expense of Newchwang, effected by the new tariff of the South Manchurian Railway.\n\nI have nothing to add to the arguments adduced by Mr. Wilkinson showing that the interests of Newchwang are seriously handicapped by the advantage in rates of freight per mile given to the port of Dairen by the specific rates to places in Manchuria. The object is unquestionably to divert trade to Dairen, with which port the interests of the railway administration are so closely identified.\n\nI can only suggest for your consideration, in view of the intimate relations between the South Manchurian Railway and the Japanese Government, whether it would not be possible for the latter to take steps to remedy the grievance complained of.\n\nWith regard to the discrepancies referred to in your despatch No. 13 of the 12th January, the correct figures for the new rates from Dairen to Mukden and from Newchwang to Changtu are undoubtedly 4 yen and 5.88 yen respectively. As for the old rate from Newchwang to Mukden, Mr. Wilkinson explains that the rate of 3.95 yen per ton, published in the tariff of the 1st July, 1908, was subsequently lowered, at any rate for all staple products, such as beans, to 3.36 yen a ton. The latter figure would therefore appear to be the correct one for comparison.\n\nI have, &c. (For the Minister),\n\nW. G. Max Müller.\n\nEnclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\n(No. 7.) Sir,\n\nConsul Wilkinson to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nNewchwang, February 8, 1910.\n\nIN my intelligence report for September quarter I commented at some length on the new tariff of the South Manchurian Railway Company, and showed how very unfairly it discriminated in favour of Dairen at the expense of Newchwang, the rates having in many cases been obviously fixed with the object of diverting trade from this port to Dairen.\n\nI have now the honour to enclose a copy of a letter in the same connection which has been addressed to the Newchwang Chamber of Commerce by the agent at this port of the Asiatic Petroleum Company (Limited), who has made the matter the subject of an official complaint to the chamber. He draws the chamber's attention to the fact that under the new tariff the rates on kerosene oil have been made the same from Dairen as from Newchwang to Liaoyang and all stations north of that city, although the distance from Dairen is 137 miles greater than from Newchwang, so that to Mukden, for instance, the largest distributing centre in Manchuria, oil from Newchwang is made to pay more than twice the rate of freight per mile than is paid by oil from Dairen. Such discrimination, as the Asiatic Petroleum Company's agent points out, is a very serious thing for his company, for, relying on the principle of equal opportunity which Japan has so often expressed her intention to maintain in this country, they have made Newchwang, as the port in the closest proximity to the trade centres in the interior, their head-quarters for Manchuria, and have erected oil-tanks here, only to find that companies establishing themselves at Dairen are to be given an unfair advantage over companies established at Newchwang. From the railway company, whom they have approached on the subject, the only reply they can...\n\n[2675 g-2]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428534, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 459, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "456\n\n9850\n\n2\n\nget is that it is open to them to remove their establishment to Dairen, a course which is obviously impossible, in view of the large amount of capital which they have sunk in Newchwang. The agent therefore asks the assistance of the chamber of commerce at making representations in the proper quarter in order that pressure may be brought upon the railway company so as to induce them to place their rates from Dairen and Newchwang on a mutually fairer basis than is at present the case.\n\nThe chamber have accordingly brought the matter in their turn to the notice of the consular body, by which it has been decided that each consul shall address his Minister separately on the question, my Japanese colleague objecting to a joint despatch to the doyen at Peking.\n\nThe Asiatic Petroleum Company's agent puts his case so clearly that comment on it on my part is scarcely necessary. As it may, however, be argued that, as long as the railway freight from Dairen to the interior is not lower than from Newchwang, the latter port is not at any actual disadvantage, even though deprived of the benefit which its closer proximity to the trade centres of Manchuria should give it, I venture to point out that sea freights to Newchwang are higher than to Dairen, and that for large steamers expenses here are considerably greater than they are at Dairen, so that the discrimination in the railway rates is without question a very severe handicap to the trade of this port. The importance of the question to the Asiatic Petroleum Company has been accentuated too by the fact that, tempted by the favourable freights offered and by the promises of the railway administration, the Standard Oil Company, their chief rivals, propose to make Dairen their head-quarters, and to erect there, instead of at Newchwang, the tanks they have in contemplation.\n\nI also enclose a copy of the letter addressed by the chamber of commerce to the senior consul, transmitting the Asiatic Petroleum Company's complaint.\n\nSir,\n\nI have, &c.\n\nEnclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nF. E. WILKINSON.\n\nNewchwang Chamber of Commerce to Mr. Beltchenko.\n\nNewchwang, January 29, 1910.\n\nI BEG to bring to the notice of your honourable body the disadvantage at which Newchwang is placed vis-à-vis Dairen, in the matter of freight rates on certain commodities by the South Manchurian Railway.\n\nIn their latest freight tariff dated the 3rd November, 1909, equal rates are charged from both ports to the principal trade centres of Manchuria, although the distance from Dairen is 137 miles greater than from Newchwang.\n\nAs an illustration of the way in which this discrimination on the part of the South Manchurian Railway Company is affecting an important branch of Newchwang trade, I beg to lay before your honourable body the enclosed copy of a communication, dated the 28th instant, which this chamber has received from the Newchwang agent of the Asiatic Petroleum Company (Limited), London, in which it is pointed out as an instance that on its oil dispatched from Newchwang to Mukden the Company is most inequitably compelled to pay more than twice the freight per mile than is paid on oil from Dairen.\n\nThis chamber considers most unsatisfactory the verbal reply made by the South Manchurian Railway to the Asiatic Petroleum Company's representations, amounting as it virtually does to an admission that the rate basis has been fixed with the object of diverting trade from Newchwang to Dairen, and this chamber would ask your honourable body to take up this question with the object of securing, by fair and proportionate adjustment of mileage rates, that equality of treatment which the trade of Newchwang has the right to enjoy.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nW. F. HARLEY, Chairman.\n\n3\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nAsiatic Petroleum Company to Newchwang Chamber of Commerce.\n\nREP Real 4 APR 10\n\nSir,\n\nNewchwang, January 28, 1910. WE should like to draw your attention to the baggage and freight tariff of the South Manchurian Railway Company, published on the 3rd November, 1909, in which, on p. 33, under the heading \"Specific Freight Rates,\" there appears the following:-\n\nThe car-load rate on kerosene oil\n\n\"(V) Freight Rates on Kerosene Oil. from Dairen and Yingkou only shall be as follows :-\"\n\nFollowing this the rates are given per ton to Liaoyang, Mukden, Tiehling, Kaiyuan, Changtu, Ssupingchieh, Kungehuling, Changchun, and Kwanchengtau.\n\nThe list comprises all the important towns in Manchuria, and the distance from Dairen to any of these places is 137 miles greater than the distance from Newchwang (Yingkou), In making the freight rates the same from Dairen as from Newchwang the railway company are undertaking the haulage over this distance of 137 miles for nothing. To Mukden, for instance, the largest distributing centre in Manchuria, the distance from Dairen is 248.7 miles, while from Newchwang it is only 111 miles, so that on kerosene oil sent from here we are paying more than twice the rate of freight per mile than is paid on oil from Dairen.\n\nSuch discrimination is greatly to the detriment of the trade of this port, and entirely obviates the advantage which its closer proximity to the trade centres of Manchuria should give it; and at the same time it gives to companies establishing themselves at Dairen an unfair advantage over companies established at Newchwang.\n\nWe have gone to the expense of erecting an oil-tank installation at Newchwang and have made this port our head-quarters for Manchuria, relying on the principle of \"equal opportunity\" which Japan has so many times expressed a willingness and desire to maintain in this country. We are of opinion that the present schedule of rates is in contravention of that principle, and we have approached the South Manchurian Railway Company and put this view before them, but we are met only with the reply that it is quite open to us to establish our head-quarters in Dairen instead of in Newchwang. It is, however, obviously impossible, when capital has been sunk on tanks and buildings, &c., in one port, to transfer such tanks and buildings to another port without great loss; and we are thus hampered in every way in our endeavours to work the trade of Manchuria through Newchwang.\n\nIt is because we consider that the rates as published, not only on kerosene oil but on all goods, are calculated seriously to hamper the trade of Newchwang and to give a great and unfair advantage to the trade of Dairen that we wish to lodge this protest with you, and to ask the assistance of the chamber of commerce in making representations in the proper quarter, in order that some influence may be brought to bear upon the railway company so as to induce them to place their rates from the two ports on a mutually fairer basis than is at present the case.\n\nWe beg, &c. For the Asiatic Petroleum Company (Limited),\n\nG. S. HAWKINS.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428575, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 500, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\n497\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[7910]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n16242\n\nMarch 12.\n\nAPR 10,\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nSir,\n\nForeign Office to Board of Trade,\n\nForeign Office, March 12, 1910.\n\nI AM directed by Secretary Sir Edward Grey to transmit to you herewith, to be laid before the Board of Trade, a copy of a further despatch from His Majesty's Ambassador at Peking, on the subject of the discrimination in favour of Dairen and at the expense of Newchwang effected by the new tariff of the South Manchurian Railway.\n\nYou will observe that the Asiatic Petroleum Company (Limited) have made an official complaint to the Newchwang Chamber of Commerce on the ground that, under the new tariff, the rates on kerosene oil have been made the same from Dairen as from Newchwang to Liaoyang and all stations north of that city, although the distance from Dairen is 127 miles greater than from Newchwang; so that to Mukden, for instance, the largest distributing centre in Manchuria, oil from Newchwang is made to pay more than twice the rate of freight per mile than is paid by oil from Dairen.\n\nIt would seem that the interests of Newchwang are seriously handicapped by the advantages in rates of freight per mile given to the port of Dairen by the specific rates to places in the interior, and I am to enquire whether, in view of this later information, the Board see any reason to modify their views, as expressed in their letter of the 23rd December last on this subject.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n* Sir J. Jordan, No. 54, February 18, 1910.\n\nF. A. CAMPBELL.\n\n[2675 m-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428608, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 533, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n(8842)\n\nNo. 1.\n\n11760\n\nRECD\n\nREGD 21 APR [March 14.]\n\nSECTION 2.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received March 14.)\n\n(No. 56.) Sir,\n\nPeking, February 23, 1910.\n\nWITH reference to the last paragraph in my despatch No. 54 of the 18th instant, on the subject of the discrepancies in the information regarding the old and new freight rates on the South Manchurian Railway, I have the honour to report that I have now received from the acting vice-consul at Dairen a printed copy of the tariff of the 1st July, 1908, in which the specific car-load rate per ton for 3rd class goods between Newchwang and Mukden is given as 3·85 gold yen, and not 3·95 as originally stated.\n\nIf the comparison, therefore, is confined to the tariffs as published on the 1st July, 1908, and on the 3rd November, 1909, the correct figures in the three cases of discrepancy are as follows:\n\n3rd class goods---\n\n \n 1. Dairen-Mukden, new rate\n Yen.\n 4.00 per ton.\n \n \n 2. Newchwang-Mukden, old rate\n \n 3·85\n \n \n 3. Newchwang-Changtu, new rate\n \n 5·88\n \n\nMr. Paton states that the above figures have been verified by the South Manchuria Railway Company.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(For the Minister),\n\nW. G. Max Müller.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428912, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 253, "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "[B]\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.] 251\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nC\n\nO\n\n19141\n\n[June 6.]\n\nSECTION 23 JUN 10,\n\n[20105]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nMr. Max Müller to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received June 6.)\n\n(No. 155.) Sir,\n\nPeking, May 16, 1910. WITH reference to Sir John Jordan's despatch No. 452 of the 14th October, 1908, I have the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of a despatch from His Majesty's consul at Newchwang reporting that the Manchurian authorities have decided to commence making a commercial port at Hulutao, a bay situated approximately in longitude 118° 40' east and latitude 40° 45′ north, which is to be the sea terminus of the proposed Chinchow-Aigun Railway. Hulutao lies only a few miles east of Lien Shan on the line of the Imperial Northern Railway, and a short connecting line will, it is said, be built between these two places.\n\nAs the work is to be entrusted to Mr. Hughes, it is to be feared that the project will interfere with the progress of the scheme for the conservancy of the Liao River, as to which I regret to see from Mr. Wilkinson's despatch that the negotiations with regard to the provision of the sum of 200,000 dollars by the provincial authorities have made no advance.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nW. G. MAX MÜLLER.\n\nConsul Wilkinson to Mr. Max Müller.\n\n(No. 14.) Sir,\n\nNewchwang, May 7, 1910. I WAS informed this morning by Mr. Hughes, the consulting engineer to the Moukden Government, that it has been decided by the provincial authorities to commence at once the work of making a commercial harbour at Hulutao. The work is to be carried out in accordance with the plan which he submitted to the Viceroy last year, and is, as far as he can understand, to be under his sole supervision.\n\nIn my intelligence report for March quarter I mentioned that the authorities were not entirely satisfied with the harbour scheme originally drawn up by Mr. Hughes, which, in their opinion, was not of sufficiently ambitious a nature. Under this scheme accommodation is to be provided, at an estimated cost of 415,000l., for fifteen large steamers within an area five times the size of the harbour at Dairen, enclosed by a pier 100 feet broad and 13,000 feet in length. The authorities, on the other hand, wanted the pier to be 400 feet across, and to enclose an area large enough to accommodate thirty steamers, and they were also anxious that a dock should be thrown in, their idea, no doubt, being to make the place a naval as well as a commercial harbour.\n\nMr. Hughes has, however, been able to persuade the authorities that the additions desired by them, which would raise the cost of the work to 1,000,000l., are unnecessary, since the accommodation furnished will be amply sufficient for all the possible requirements of the port, and it appears to have been finally decided not to alter his plans, but to let him carry them out himself as soon as his services at Shuang Tai Tzu, where the dam is now in course of construction, can be spared. Funds are to be provided by the American syndicate represented by Mr. Straight, which, it is stated, has already placed the sum of 1,000,000 taels at the disposal of the Viceroy.\n\nThe necessary\n\nIf Mr. Hughes's services are to be utilised for the work at Hulutao, I am afraid that the difficulty of carrying through our conservancy scheme at this port will be considerably increased, since it will be scarcely possible for him to undertake the two works simultaneously. The conservancy scheme, I may mention, has made no progress\n\n[2792 ƒ~~1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429004, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 345, "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "2\n\nstill be under the 1 per mille limit. For the native customs an all-round levy of 5 per cent. of the duty is proposed, and, finally, in taxing foreign shipping no distinction is to be made between inland waters' steamers and other vessels, the rate to be a uniform one of 23 candareens per ton. The commissioner estimates that these changes, if agreed to, will increase the annual revenue from the foreign customs, which is to be entirely devoted to the bar and Duck Island works, from 37,784 taels to 49,241 taels, to which sum should be added the collection on duty-free goods.\n\nThese proposals have been considered at a meeting of the consular body and have been generally approved, and the Foreign Chamber of Commerce is also in favour of them. The only objectionable feature in them, in my opinion, is the increased tax on steamers plying under inland navigation rules. This trade is mostly carried on between Lungkow and this port, and is mainly a passenger trade. To try and divert it to the leased territory the Kwantung Government has subsidised a rival line between Lungkow and Dairen, and has reduced the railway rates from Dairen for through passengers into the interior to the level of those from Newchwang. It would be suicidal under the circumstances to increase the expenses of the local steamers.\n\nThe reply, however, which the consular body has sent to the taotai is that, while we shall be very glad to submit his proposals in due course to the Foreign Ministers at Peking for their favourable consideration, before doing so we wish to be assured that satisfactory arrangements have also been made to meet the cost of the upper river improvements, for, until we are in a position to inform our respective Ministers not only that the provision made for the purpose is adequate, but that the money needed is not to be raised in such a way as to neutralise the good effect of the scheme in general, it would serve no useful purpose again to address them on the subject.\n\nSince then we have received a further communication, dated the 17th May, from the taotai, informing us that he has sent a full report on the question to the Viceroy, and that he has suggested to his Excellency that he should memorialise the Throne to instruct the Board of Finance to furnish the 200,000 dollars required for dredgers and preliminary expenses, and that the Viceroy has replied, stating that he is consulting with the board in question as to the correct mode of procedure, and will communicate again with him shortly.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nF. E. WILKINSON.\n\nEnclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nNotes on the Senior Consul's despatch of February 2 re Liao River Conservancy Funds, &c.\n\nTHE proposals made in this despatch are not strictly equitable, for, if carried out, we should be collecting on the trade passing the foreign customs at a rate averaging about five-eighths of 1 mille ad valorem, while the trade passing the native customs would be paying a full 1 per mille ad valorem, a difference of three-eighths, or, in other words, an increase of 60 per cent. in the rate of taxation. I can see no justification for the statement \"that in the case of the native trade there are not the same objections to collecting the tax on imports and exports on the actual value of the goods.\" I advise by all means that the rate of taxation should be, as near as practicable, the same for both custom-houses.\n\nThe original suggestions of the Chambers of Commerce were that all imports and exports should pay a tax of 1 mille ad valorem, and that the foreign shipping entering the port should pay 24 candareens per registered ton. They certainly ought to know how much taxation the trade of Newchwang can stand without fear of its being driven elsewhere. I think therefore that, considering the amount of work to be done—the deepening of the bar, the dredging of the river in certain other places, and the Duck Island scheme—it would be unwise to attempt the business unless an annual revenue of about 50,000 Haikwan taels be available from the collection of the foreign customs alone, and to obtain this sum the rate of taxation must be, as near as possible, the figure proposed originally by the Chambers of Commerce. The rate given in the senior consul's despatch for the collection of the funds would have returned for the year 1908—a good average year for trade—the sum of 39,000 Haikwan taels only from the foreign customs. I am of opinion that 2 per cent. on the customs duties is too small for native imports and exports paying the old tariff duties, which were drawn up more than half a century back when values were a half or a third of what they are now. The rate is all right for foreign goods, as it will return about four-fifths of 1 per mille, but with native goods it will return on the average not over one-half of per mille. The adoption of a 2 per cent. on the duty rate moreover would result in unfair taxation, for with articles paying a 5 per cent. ad valorem duty it would mean a full 1 per mille, while articles paying tariff duty would escape with less than half that figure. I propose, therefore, to get over this unfairness by suggesting the adoption of a 4 per cent. on the duty rate for native goods either imported or exported paying tariff duties, retaining 2 per cent. on the duty for articles paying 5 per cent. ad valorem. This will equalise matters and place all goods on the same tax basis. It will also place the various branches of the trade on level terms, as you can see from the rough estimate I have drawn up of the collection based on the trade for 1908. For the native customs I would suggest an all-round levy of 5 per cent. on the duties. This will put that trade on practically the same footing as that passing through the foreign customs. The tax on the foreign shipping ought to be a uniform rate, and no distinction made between inland waters' steamers and other vessels. The senior consul's proposal of 1 candareen per ton for the former is not equitable, and is not in accord with the rate originally proposed by the Chambers of Commerce. The same is true of his proposed rate of 2 per cent. on the customs duties. He was no doubt under the impression that it would be a fair one, but such is far from being the case. Take, for instance, beancakes for the year 1908: 2 per cent. on the duty would give 3,208 Haikwan taels, whereas 1 per mille on the value would have given 10,174 Haikwan taels—over three times as much. This would mean that our largest article of export is taxed one-third of 1 mille! From the customs point of view it is just as easy collecting 4 per cent. on the duty as 2 per cent., and I can see no great objection to even fixing a specific rate for the principal articles (native) of import and export should the 4 per cent. on the duty not prove acceptable. To collect these funds there will, of course, be certain charges made by the customs, for it would be unreasonable to expect the staff to do extra work without some compensation, but how much this will be will have to be decided by the inspector-general of customs at Peking.\n\nAs suggested by you, I have drawn up two rough estimates showing what the trade of 1908 could have produced. One is based on the rates mentioned in the senior consul's despatch and the other on the rates I have suggested above.\n\nIn the first instance the foreign customs would have returned 37,784 Haikwan taels and the native customs 11,000 Haikwan taels, making a total of 48,784 Haikwan taels.\n\nIn the second the foreign customs would have returned 49,244 Haikwan taels and the native customs 9,207 Haikwan taels, making a total of 58,451 Haikwan taels.\n\nFRANCIS A. CARL, Commissioner.\n\nCustom-house, Newchwang,\n\nFebruary 25, 1910.\n\n342", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429007, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 348, "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "2 \n\nmeans more to the two officials, the treasurer and the customs taotai, than to the two members of the gentry—Yang Kuo and Yeh Te Hui. \n\nFrom communications I have had with persons whose opinion in such matters must carry weight, especially with the Japanese Minister, I conclude that the guilty officials have been as severely dealt with as we could expect. In regard to the punishment of the gentry, M. Ijuin considers that the penalties are light, and not sufficient to act as a deterrent in the future; but he is of opinion that the Central Government have probably gone as far as they can without risking a recrudescence of trouble, and on the whole I am inclined to agree with him. \n\nMr. Liu Yu-lin, acting junior councillor of the Wai-wu Pu, expressed privately the opinion that both the expressions employed in the decree in regard to the action of certain members of the gentry and the penalties inflicted on them are severer than had been expected. \n\nI have, &c. \n\nW. G. Max Müller. \n\nEnclosure in No. 1. \n\nExtract from Memorandum proving the Complicity of certain Officials and Gentry in \n\nthe Changsha Riots. \n\nChuang Keng-liang.—Has been an official in Hunan for nearly forty-five years. He has openly let it be known that he was not in accord with the governor, and has caballed with the gentry to work against him. It is stated that with the help of the gentry he organised the outbreak in the hope of ruining Ts'en and taking his place. After the burning of the governor's yamên he took over the seals of office, and it was while he was in charge that the greater part of the damage to foreign property was done. At the time of his assuming charge only three missions had been destroyed, and there was still time to protect a good deal of other foreign property. However, although he was complete master of the situation, and had the sympathy of the whole city, he did not send a single soldier to protect the foreign property still intact. On the other hand, he forbade the troops to fire on the rioters, and made no attempt to stop the destruction of foreign property. He visited and gave gratuities to members of the mob who had been wounded, and even forbade firing when men were pouring oil on the roofs of the governor's t'ingrhs. \n\n2. Chu Yen-hsi (the customs taotai).—Mr. Hewlett called on him \n\non the 11th April and warned him of impending trouble. He gave Mr. Hewlett repeated assurances that the fullest protection would be afforded. However, Taotai Chú took no precautionary measures of any kind, and when the riot broke out took no steps. After the riot started he even telephoned to His Majesty's consul that troops had been sent to all the missions, when, as a matter of fact, he had taken no such steps. \n\nThree of the gentry are especially implicated, viz., K'ung Hsien-chiao, Yang Kung, and Yeh Tê-hui:— \n\n1. K'ung Hsien-chiao.—This man was seen going round in his chair, directing the movements of the robbers. His son, it is stated, was actually seen helping to fire Messrs. Butterfield and Swire's establishment on the river front. Further, a Chinese preacher of one of the missions was warned by the head of the local train-bands on the morning of the 14th April that instructions had been given by K'ung for the destruction of the mission property at noon that day, and the warning proved to be true, according to Mr. Hewlett. The people openly accuse K'ung as the leader of the \n\nmovement. \n\n2. Yang Kung. This man also was seen going round in his chair directing the movements of the rioters. \n\n3. Yeh Te-hui.—This man and his father, Yeh Yü-ts'un, helped in cornering the rice-market, and held on to their stock of 30,000 piculs until the price rushed up to 8,400 cash a picul. The poor people then began to make an uproar and trouble broke out. \n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA. \n\nCONFIDENTIAL. \n\n[22587] \n\nNo. 1. \n\n345 \n\nC O 21654 \n\n[June 28.] \n\nSECTION 1. \n\n15 19 10 \n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.—(Received June 23.) \n\n(No. 133. Confidential.) \n\nSir, \n\nTokyo, June 7, 1910. I recently received from the acting consul-general at Mukden a copy of his despatch No. 27, Confidential, of the 24th May last, addressed to His Majesty's chargé d'affaires at Peking, with reference to the proposed construction by the provincial authorities of the Manchurian Government of a harbour at Hu Lu Tao. \n\nI have since received a despatch from His Majesty's consul at Dairen, of which I have the honour to enclose a copy, giving the details, as published in the local Japanese press, of a proposed harbour to be constructed at Lienshan, which Mr. Parlett believes to be the same as Hu Lu Tao. \n\nI took the opportunity of referring to the matter in conversation with Count Komura yesterday. His Excellency told me that he was aware of the project, but added that he did not attach much importance to the matter. The water at that point was shallow, and the country behind the proposed harbour was hilly. \n\nCopies of this despatch will be forwarded to Mr. Max Müller, Mr. Willis, and Mr. Parlett. \n\nI have, &c. \n\nClaude M. MacDonald. \n\nEnclosure in No. 1. \n\nConsul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald. \n\n(No. 31.) Sir, \n\nDairen, May 27, 1910. I have the honour to report to your Excellency, with reference to the information contained in Mr. Willis's despatch No. 27 of the 24th instant, that the \"Ryoto-Shimpo\" in its issue of the 23rd of this month contained a paragraph on the subject of a proposed harbour at Lienshan, which would appear to be the same as Hu Lu Tao. According to the Japanese paper, the foreign engineer dispatched by the Chinese provincial authorities to survey the spot was of opinion that a good commercial harbour, with piers, &c., would cost 7,000,000 taels, and take ten years to build. One less ambitious could, however, be constructed in five or six years at a cost of about 3,000,000 taels, but it would probably prove inadequate. \n\nI have, &c. \n\nHarold G. Parlett. \n\n[2788 -1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429049, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 390, "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "4\n\nthe railway board to agree to the formation of a company to collect shares and work the Hupei sections of the railways west and south. \"Now our trust in the delegates' patient persistence and the fiery spirit of our people has been vindicated, and we have attained a purely mercantile management and prevented our rights being drained abroad.\" Such was the tone of exhortations to the people to subscribe and to the directors to eradicate abuses in management. From Ichang it was reported that subscriptions had been invited for the Hankow-Ichang Railway, and that some 60,000 taels had been promised at that port. Considerable activity was displayed on the Ichang-Wanlisien section, where work under Chinese engineers was begun in December last. His Majesty's consul at Ichang reported that 3,000 workmen were being employed, and the number was soon to be raised to 20,000.\n\nThe line was to embankment was almost completed, with two large stone culverts. run inland from Ichang some 30 miles, and come out at the River Hsiang Chi, following the river for 7 or 8 miles to Kueichow. Thence the route was not yet determined on. At a point some 30 miles from Ichang two tunnels of 6,000 and 10,000 feet respectively were to be bored by hand.\n\nReforms.\n\nThe quarterly reports from several provinces state that the new so-called reforms, especially the new police, schools, and courts, are proving expensive luxuries beyond the means of the provincial Governments. His Majesty's consul at Kiukiang reported that some interest had been shown locally in the Government college and primary school at Jaochow-fu, where the old method of teaching had been entirely changed in favour of western methods. Schools were being established throughout that district, but in general the results obtained were not in proportion to the money spent. At Newchwang, His Majesty's consul stated that the revenue available for police purposes alone was still 3,000 dollars a-month short of expenditure, in spite of the recent reduction of the pay of the police by 20 per cent. The scale of fees in the new courts had been raised to meet the increased expenditure on their account, and an unsuccessful attempt had been made to provide money for schools by the creation of a sampan monopoly, which had to be abandoned on a riot being threatened by the boatmen thrown out of employment.\n\nTien-tsin Native Piece-goods Debtors,\n\nThe clearing of old stocks has considerably relieved the creditors of the native firms, and His Majesty's consul-general has induced the new Viceroy Ch'en to agree to follow the same principle as his predecessor, and treat British cases separately on their merits. Two of these cases have been settled during the quarter, leaving only three supposed solvent firms against whom British claims are being pressed.\n\nJapanese bid for Trade via Dalny (Dairen).\n\nHis Majesty's consul at Newchwang reports that a feature of the trade during the winter months was the comparatively large quantity of foreign goods which arrived at Newchwang from Shanghai and elsewhere via Dalny. A British merchant who made an experimental importation by that route was delighted with the result. He found that in no case was there any examination of goods by the Dairen Customs, and not only did the railway company go out of their way to give him every possible assistance, but he was verbally informed that if he continued to ship his goods by that route he would be given a special rebate on application. The same merchant also shipped several consignments of goods from Shanghai to Mukden and Tiehling via Dalny, leaving it to the railway to pass them through the Customs and forward them to their destination. No exemption certificate was taken out to cover them, and the consignees experienced no difficulty in consequence. This would appear to indicate that the Imperial Maritime Customs are defrauding the Chinese Government in the interests of Japanese railway enterprise.\n\nLolos.\n\nThe Chinese authorities of Szechuan report that, as the result of last autumn's campaign, 70 miles of territory have been subjugated at Erh-pan Fang, and that over eighteen tribes have submitted; eighty-one Chinese captured and enslaved by the Lolos were rescued, and an indemnity was exacted for three who had died in captivity; the Chief Tsuta was captured and many strongholds were destroyed. Among the tribes dealt with in the course of the campaign are included the Chi-ti, Ma-chia, A-hou, and Suga, the last two being those concerned in the murder of Mr. Brooke in December 1908. In a memorial to the Throne, the Governor-General, while showing great ignorance of the region and the relative positions of such important centres as Ning-yuan and Mapien, gave some interesting figures. In the space of three years the aborigines of the Liang Shan country are stated to have slain 1,660 odd Chinese and kidnapped over 4,300. Of these some 630 have been recovered, leaving a balance of over 3,650 in favour of the Lolos, who have also carried off 20,000 head of cattle. The report said the work of reorganising the subjugated country was being taken in hand. The former military post of P'u-k'o was to become the centre of government in the reclaimed country south-east of Ning-yuan, and an earthen wall had already been built round the town and a yamên erected. With regard to the central region, reports seem to indicate that troops operating from the east and west of the Lolo country have effected a junction at Niu-niu-pa, north-east of Ning-yuan, thus opening up the Liang Shan country. It is, however, impossible to say how far the results of the operations in question correspond to the statements made in the memorial of the Governor-General, and it must be remembered that the information comes from purely Chinese sources.\n\nFrench Politics in South China and Tonquin.\n\nHis Majesty's consul at Pakhoi reports that the French colonial government have decided to withdraw the subsidised ships connecting Pakhoi and Hoihow with Haiphong and Hongkong. The Messageries Fluviales, owned by Messrs. Marty and Co., were subsidised to run this fortnightly service some ten years ago, when Kuangchouwan was acquired, and hospitals, schools, and post offices were established by the French Government at Pakhoi and Hoihow in the hope of extending French influence in Kuangtung, to prepare for the then apparently impending partition of China. This withdrawal, which was to date from the 1st June, would seem to indicate that any hopes which may have been entertained in the past of absorbing the province of Kuangtung must now be considered as abandoned or relegated to the unknown future. It will prove most inconvenient from the postal and residential point of view in Pakhoi, which will now be left without any assured means of communication with Hongkong and the outside world. Deprived of its regular fortnightly boat, the port will now have to be content with occasional visits from a German or British ship when freight offers sufficient inducement for a call.\n\nHis Majesty's consul at Pakhoi has also forwarded such information as he has been able to gather regarding events on the French side of the frontier, which may be of interest, though it reflects scant credit on the methods of French colonial administration. In his report for the last quarter of 1909, His Majesty's consul stated that after a campaign of more than a year's duration, conducted against the brigand chief Ti-tsan, the French military authorities had to confess their inability to effect either his capture or submission. The colonial government of Indo-China then had recourse to the doubtful expedient of invoking the aid of the native King of Annam. The latter appointed a Count Le-Hoan as his Envoy Extraordinary to accompany the French forces and conduct operations against the brigands. The action of the Governor-General in thus appealing to the Annamite Court provoked much adverse criticism in the colony, where it was pointed out that even were the expedition successful, the natives would attribute the result not to the prowess of the French arms, but to the natural submission of the rebels to the authority of their ancient ruler. After prolonged and futile negotiations which permitted Ti-ts'an to revictual his band, the pursuit was resumed, and on the 5th October the French troops met with a severe repulse in an attempt to storm the rebel stockades at Nuilang. The wily chief evacuated his position before the French reinforcements came up to restore the day. In the absence of full details, the serious nature of the reverse is shown by the fact that the French newspapers confessed to a casualty list of some sixty killed and wounded, while the Chinese authorities gave the loss at over 200 of the rank and file. The expedition, however, clung to the heels of Ti-ts'an, till at the end of resources he disbanded his men and disappeared. In the meantime, the envoy contrived to bring about the surrender upon favourable terms of his principal lieutenant, who was brought with his following in triumph to the French authorities. M. Picquié, the new Governor-General of Indo-China, has since adopted energetic measures for the complete ...\n\nPage 390\n\nPage 391", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429275, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "6\n\nThe arrangement with the taotai, reported in my despatch No. 36 of the 13th ultimo, whereby work on the existing mains of the two British companies was to continue as before pending discussion of his proposals, continue to work satisfactorily, and gas and water services have been laid on some eight different properties during the past month.\n\nThe taotai's proposals were communicated to me shortly after my interview with him on the 4th ultimo, and, as I foresaw, they amount to a final limitation of the British companies' operations to the roads where their mains already exist, and a claim on behalf of the Chinese company to the right to lay its mains in municipal roads and foreign-owned property.\n\nThese proposals, copy and translation of which I enclose, have been communicated by me to the British companies with the request that they will formulate counter-proposals, which will be submitted to the taotai in due course.\n\nThe difficulty of reconciling the Chinese point of view with that of free competition, as outlined by me in my despatch before referred to, is apparent, and the negotiations to this end will, I fear, prove long, and be complicated by the possibilities of friction unless a solution can be provided through the medium of settlement extension.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nP. WARREN.\n\nEnclosure 8 in No. 1.\n\nTaotai's Proposals respecting Gas and Water Companies referred to in his Despatch of May 3, 1910.\n\n1. OUTSIDE the limits of the international settlement in the Chinese district of Chapel, the British companies to be allowed to instal service pipes from their existing mains only to the first row of houses immediately adjoining the roads on both sides and to the end house of each public alley-way opening on to the roads, but no pipes shall be laid to houses not immediately adjoining the roads, nor in alley-ways not immediately opening on to the roads, nor to houses in alley-ways not running at right angles to the roads, nor in places where mains do not already exist.\n\n2. Services can only be laid in houses on roads where mains exist at the request of the owners themselves. The British companies shall not use any compulsion in the matter.\n\n3. When the Chinese company is in operation the British companies shall not interfere with house-owners who may wish to patronise it, or to change their custom from the British companies to it.\n\n4. The North Szechuan road extension, although built by the municipal council, is outside the limits of the settlement, and since the British companies have been allowed to lay pipes in the Chinese-built North Honan road extension. In future the Chinese company wishes to lay pipes in the North Szechuan or other municipal roads or in foreign-owned property, the municipal council and foreign owners of property shall not raise objections.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[28687]\n\n11\n\nAugust 8.\n\nC\n\nSECTION 42913\n\nNo. 1.\n\nRcc? Rrot 8 SEP 10\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received August 8.)\n\n(No. 171.) Sir,\n\nAFTER reading your despatch No. 78 of the 23rd April last on the subject of rates on the South Manchurian Railway from Newchwang and Dalny respectively, I came to the conclusion that it would be advisable before proceeding further to enquire the views of His Majesty's consul at Dairen. The papers were accordingly forwarded to Mr. Parlett, together with some notes by the Japanese secretary of this embassy, of which copy is enclosed, and Mr. Parlett's opinion is embodied in the accompanying despatch and memorandum. He has since specially paid a visit to Newchwang and Mukden, but now informs me that he has nothing material to add to his despatch just mentioned.\n\nIn submitting this further information for your consideration, I venture to suggest that no useful purpose would be served by joining issue with the Japanese Government on doubtful ground. It would seem desirable that His Majesty's Government in making any complaint should be in a position to speak with no uncertain voice, particularly in dealing with a large question involving the principle of equality of commercial opportunity in Manchuria, where there has been on the part of the public so much vague suggestion of unequal treatment and so little substantiation of general allegations or demonstration of the proper criteria to apply to so complicated a subject.\n\nThe contention that the application of varying rates per mile on the conveyance of goods from two given ports amounts to discrimination is an intelligible line of argument, but I understand that His Majesty's Board of Trade find that such differentiation is not unusual elsewhere, and as a principle is not open to criticism unless pushed to an extreme, which can hardly be suggested in the present case. Then, the railway rate on kerosene oil from Newchwang to Mukden cannot be objected to on the score of its being relatively higher than the rate from Dairen to Mukden, there would appear to be no valid ground of complaint, unless it is absolutely higher, which is not here the case, freight from the two ports to the destination named being equal.\n\nIt has, however, been urged by Mr. Wilkinson, His Majesty's consul at Newchwang, and Mr. Parlett theoretically agrees with him, that account should be taken of the higher sea freights to Newchwang as compared with Dairen; and while I hardly think that such sea freights, which are not under exclusive Japanese control, stand on the same footing as railway rates in Manchuria, which are imposed by Japan, I hope that due weight may be given to this and other points noted in the correspondence in deciding whether, in the light of the fresh information furnished, there is a tangible cause of complaint to lay before the Japanese authorities.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\nEnclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum by Mr. Hampden.\n\nNEWCHWANG has pronounced on this question, but I think it would be well to have the opinion of His Majesty's consul at Dairen before further action is taken. I hope a strong protest will be made if there are solid grounds for it; but, if not, I deprecate a blank cartridge demonstration, as it weakens future action in other cases of complaint.\n\nIt appears to me that the system of differential railway rates may, on the one hand, be a just means of ensuring perfect equality of opportunity, or, on the other, if carried to an extreme, an unjust means to producing inequality of opportunity.\n\n[2862 h-4]\n\nB", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429276, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 13, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "3\n\n2\n\nDairen is, generally speaking, the Japanese port of Manchuria, Newchwang the foreigners' port, and in order that the principle of equal opportunity, which Japan professes, may be observed, there should be maintained a certain equalisation of conditions at each port balancing their respective relations to an inland trade centre such as Mukden.\n\nNewchwang, 137 miles nearer Mukden, has the natural advantage of proximity (as the Asiatic Petroleum Company admits). The Japanese authorities resort to the method of differential railway rates to redress in some degree the disadvantage here suffered by Dairen. If this differentiation of rates produces a general equality between the ports it appears to be justified. If, being pushed beyond the reasonable limits, it places Newchwang at a disadvantage, it is unfair.\n\nThe present case seems therefore to be largely a question of fact. Is the Asiatic Petroleum Company being placed on a level or at a disadvantage with any oil company at Dairen by the differential rates? At first sight, in view of the fact that kerosene does not pay heavier total freight from Newchwang than from Dairen to Mukden, that it is doubtful whether the higher sea freight to Newchwang (alluded to by His Majesty's consul at Newchwang) can properly enter into the calculation, seeing that Japan's agreement to equality of opportunity in Manchuria can hardly extend to the sea, one has some difficulty in alleging unfair discrimination, the balance of advantage seeming still to favour Newchwang; but it is only the man on the spot who can decide, and I therefore think it would be well worth while to enquire the opinion of His Majesty's consul at Dairen before action proceeds, the more so, as the present matter is part of the big question of whether Newchwang is to be wiped out of existence by the competition of Dairen.\n\nMr. Gordon, in his memorandum of the 24th November, 1909, reporting the schedule of rates now complained of, states that \"Newchwang obtains further relief, and rates to and from that port are cheaper than to and from Dairen as far as Kung-chu-ling (399 miles).\" His figures show that rates to Mukden for third-class goods are cheaper from Newchwang than from Dairen, and it may therefore be asked whether any special reason exists why kerosene should exceptionally be required to pay equal rates. We might perhaps argue from the better treatment of the majority of goods against the less favourable treatment of kerosene.\n\nI have said above that Dairen is, generally speaking, the Japanese port of Manchuria. The fact that this is only generally and not absolutely true is a weak point. In reality foreigners are as free as Japanese to establish themselves at Dairen, and we have the Standard Oil Company, the American rival company, about to do so. Such advantages as Dairen may offer over Newchwang are therefore open to our merchants as to the Japanese (with the exception that foreign businesses long established at Newchwang cannot be shifted without loss), and there may, in fact, be some British firms already settled at Dairen who benefit by any discrimination against Newchwang, and who would not welcome a protest in favour of Newchwang. This possible conflict of British interests as between the ports is a point where Mr. Parlett's local experience would be valuable. I presume that it would, nevertheless, be true to say that British trade has at present more interests at Newchwang than at Dairen; but even with the equality of treatment which we seem entitled to claim, Newchwang is likely to lose the battle with Dairen in the end.\n\nE. M. H. H.\n\nMay 26, 1910.\n\n(No. 33.) Sir,\n\nEnclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nConsul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, June 17, 1910. I have the honour to enclose, for your Excellency's information, a memorandum on the subject of the alleged discriminatory railway freights along the South Manchurian line. A short supplementary memorandum is also attached.\n\nThough inclined to admit in theory the partial justice of the Newchwang contention in the matter of sea freights, I am of opinion that in practice the exact assessment of the amount of compensation which that port can justly claim on this account would be almost, if not quite, an impossibility. Freights, presuming that they are universally unfavourable to Newchwang, are only one of the many factors in the situation. Natural advantages must also be taken account of, and the sum total of these are, in my opinion, in favour of Dairen. Yet Newchwang can surely not expect to claim compensation because of them. Nor can she fairly ask that any allowance should be made for the higher insurance and interest probably charged on her cargoes. The question is altogether of so complicated a nature that action might, I think, well be deferred until it can be clearly proved that, owing to land and sea freights combined or to measures obviously hostile taken by the Japanese, the existence of the northern port is menaced. I would therefore venture to recommend that the question be again referred to Newchwang, with a request for more explicit information on the following points:-\n\n1. Exactly how far the trade of that port has been injured by the so-called discriminatory rates.\n\n2. What remedy is proposed and exactly on what basis it should be assessed. This, of course, is on the presumption that His Majesty's Government wishes to reconsider the question.\n\nThe papers in original sent by your Excellency are also enclosed.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nHAROLD G. PARLETT.\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum on the Subject of Discriminatory Rates along the South Manchurian Railway.\n\nIn the case at present under discussion two points call for consideration. They are-\n\n1. The general question of discrimination; and 2. The specific instance of kerosene.\n\nWith regard to the first, the contention of the Newchwang merchants is that no freight tariff can be equitable which does not give them the full advantage of their greater proximity to the Manchurian trade centres. In other words, they advocate a mileage system. To this the Japanese unequivocally refuse their consent, asserting that a tariff calculated solely according to distance would hopelessly handicap Dairen. Instead, they maintain that true equality of opportunity is given if the rates between Dairen and Newchwang, on the one hand, and any point in the interior, on the other, are the same (e.g., memorandum in my despatch No. 34 of the 25th July, 1907). This is an argument His Majesty's Government has consented to regard as legitimate (vide enclosure in Foreign Office despatch No. 1, Consular, to Tokyo of the 3rd January, 1908, and No. 6 from Tokyo to Dairen of the 5th March, 1908). The Japanese position is now further strengthened by the admission of the Board of Trade that the system complained of by Newchwang is actually in practice in England and elsewhere. At first sight it would therefore seem as if the question were definitely settled, and that no action could be taken till Newchwang paid higher total (not proportionately higher) rates than its rival.\n\nA new element is introduced by Mr. Wilkinson's plea that Newchwang pays higher sea freights. I assume that this is correct. Mr. Hobart Hampden, commenting on this point, doubts if they can properly enter into the calculation. In theory, I venture to say they can. It seems to me that, if the Japanese are justified in resorting to so-called differential rates to redress the disadvantage Dairen suffers in being more distant by land from Manchurian markets, Newchwang may also with justice plead that some allowance should be made for the fact that she is more remote from the trade centres oversea. Surely, if this point is not conceded, equality of opportunity can scarcely be said to exist. I used the words \"in theory\" above advisedly, because, granting for the moment that His Majesty's Government admitted Newchwang's contention, it would, in my opinion, be in practice a most difficult thing to assess exactly the allowance that Newchwang could equitably claim. It is not only sea freights that handicap her in her competition with Dairen. The latter has certain*\n\nThis could, it seems to me, be in any case for freight alone, and could not include insurance, interest, &c., which are probably higher in the case of Newchwang.\n\n[2862 h-4]\n\nB 2\n\n12", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429277, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 14, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "advantages natural and other Newchwang lacks, which are factors in the position, but for which Newchwang can claim no compensation. Dairen, for instance, has a harbour practically ice-free and accessible to all but the biggest ships. Improvements are continually being made in the port arrangements for dealing with cargo, &c. Is she to lose these advantages because the approach to Newchwang is obstructed by a bar, because the port is frozen in the winter, or because the Chinese refuse to dredge the river? How, too, shall fair allowance be made for the heavier sea freights at the northern port, when the freights themselves are continually changing? The question seems to me distinctly difficult to solve.\n\nAs a matter of fact, the Japanese would appear in practice to recognise to a certain extent that Newchwang does labour under disadvantages. This, I take it, is why the rates for all ordinary merchandise, except kerosene, are, as far as Kung-chu-ling, 399 miles up the line, assessed in its favour. From that point to the terminus, 40 miles further on, they are the same for both places. The next question to arise is whether this more favourable tariff is adequate or not. Can Newchwang merchants, Japanese or foreign, compete on reasonable terms in the Manchurian markets with those of Dairen? If they can, I do not see what more can be done for them. If they cannot, the question would seem to demand further investigation in order that we may determine how far their inability to compete is due simply to freights, how far to other causes. There is, as Mr. Hobart Hampden points out, another thing to be remembered. British firms are established in Dairen, and their interests have to be considered as well as those of Newchwang.\n\nThe real hardship appears to me to lie not so much in a differential railway tariff as in the geographically inferior position of Newchwang. Dairen, with its ever-increasing facilities, must naturally attract the major portion of the overseas trade with Manchuria, however equitable the railway charges are made. It can only be regretted that so much British capital should have been invested in the less advantageous locality.\n\nI am of the opinion that the specific instance of kerosene is of a somewhat different nature. This is distinctly a case of discrimination, and that we may with justice ask, as Mr. Hobart Hampden suggests, \"if any special reason exists why kerosene should exceptionally be required to pay equal rates.\" We might, Mr. Hobart Hampden continues, \"perhaps argue from the better treatment of the majority of goods against the less favourable treatment of kerosene.\"\n\nA special reason undoubtedly exists. It takes the shape of a private arrangement made originally between an individual director of the railway and the agent of the Standard Oil Company. The latter asked that, in return for his erecting tanks here, the railway would promise not to charge a higher rate on oil entrained from Dairen (i.e., Standard Oil Company's oil) than on that entrained at Newchwang (i.e., Asiatic Petroleum Company's oil). Mr. Tanaka, the director concerned, agreed, and subsequently persuaded the board of directors to sanction the arrangement, though one of his colleagues, I understand, objected, and wished to have the promise retracted. Kerosene is thus excepted from the general tariff for the benefit of the Standard Oil Company. From this point of view, we have, I think, a case.\n\nOn the question of protest, I would venture respectfully to assert that, if the normal attitude of the railway here is any criterion of that of the Central Government, representations, unless of a determined character, are foredoomed to failure.\n\nTo recapitulate briefly.\n\nDoes His Majesty's Government adhere to its original attitude on the subject of discriminatory freights? If it does, I do not think anything can be done.\n\nIs the Newchwang contention about sea freights to be accepted as legitimate? If it is, Newchwang should then be asked to show (1) if, and in how far, the present tariff is not sufficiently in its favour; and (2) how conditions are to be equalised. This last will, I think, in practice be found an impossibility.\n\nI think that the company has so far suffered no loss, because the Standard Oil Company has not yet built its tanks here, and still imports the greater part of its oil through Newchwang—at least, so I am informed.\n\nWhat will happen when the Standard Oil Company does work its business from Dairen I cannot ascertain. The rival companies are ostensibly placed on the same level; whether or not this will prove to be so in reality depends on other points besides sea and land freights: the inaccessibility, for instance, of Newchwang to ships carrying full cargoes, the relative expenses of the rival tank installations—one at Newchwang, the other at Dalny—cartage, &c.\n\nThe Mitsui Bussan Kwaisha office here informs me that in the case of goods destined for places south of Kung-chu-ling they find it cheaper to import through Newchwang, but, for places north of that, Dairen is in the better position.\n\nIt might be well to remember in connection with the protest of the Asiatic Petroleum Company that their tanks in Newchwang are of very recent erection, and, in fact, that long after the question of discrimination had become a burning one they had still taken no steps to settle at Newchwang. Conditions must therefore have been well known to them when they made their choice.\n\nSupplementary Memorandum.\n\nMr. Hobart Hampden asks if the Asiatic Petroleum Company is being placed at a disadvantage compared with any oil company at Dairen. The answer to this is, I", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429390, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 127, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[33611]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n30222\n\n[September 10]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n6C7 10\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received September 16.)\n\n(No. 189.) Sir,\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 162 of the 22nd July, 1907, I have the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of a despatch which I have received from His Majesty's consul at Dairen, reporting an amendment in the Customs Regulations for the leased territory of Kwantung.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\n(No. 61.) Sir,\n\nConsul Parlett to Sir C. MacDonald,\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that there appeared on the 5th instant in the Kwantung Government General Gazette an ordinance annulling the second paragraph of article 2 of the Provisional Customs Regulations for the leased territory, reported in my despatch No. 37 of the 31st July, 1907.\n\nProduce raised in the leased territory or goods manufactured therefrom consequently now pay import duty, if they are sent into the interior.\n\nThe Commissioner of Customs informs me privately that he is protesting, not against the amendment, which from our point of view seems desirable enough, but against the manner in which it has been made. He was not consulted beforehand, and, in his opinion, the Japanese authorities are not justified in making alterations of any kind in the regulations without first approaching the Commissioner of Customs at Dairen.\n\nMr. Tachibana (Commissioner of Customs) also hinted to me that this amendment was the result of a protest made by His Majesty's Government at the instance of His Majesty's Minister at Peking, but I have not heard anything of it.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nHAROLD G. PARLETT.\n\n[2893 -1]\n\n126\n\n1\n\nPage 1\n\n \n\nPage 1\n\n[End of Page]\n\n \n\nPage 2\n\n \n\nPage 2", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429538, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 275, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "2\n\nagreement Mr. Wei Han, the managing director of the Chinese section, would be appointed to act as the Chinese delegate, and it was arranged that the discussion should take place at Canton with a delegate of the Hong Kong Government and His Majesty's consul-general.\n\nI shall be glad if your Highness will inform me whether Mr. Wei Han can now be empowered to conclude a joint working agreement, and at what date he will be authorised to commence the negotiations with the Hong Kong delegate and His Majesty's consul-general.\n\nSir,\n\nThe favour of an early reply is requested.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\nW. G. MAX MÜLLER.\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nPrince Ch'ing to Mr. Max Müller.\n\nMarch 19, 1910.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of Sir John Jordan's despatch of the 14th February, in which he states . . . (Quotes despatch).\n\nThe board communicated with the Board of Posts and Communications, and they have now replied as follows:—\n\n\"As it is clearly laid down in the Canton-Kowloon Railway Loan Agreement that the director-general should arrange an agreement for the junction of the Canton section of the railway with the Kowloon section, we must accordingly observe the loan Mr. Wei Han, the agreement and appoint an official to negotiate the matter. managing director of the Canton-Kowloon Railway, has therefore been appointed by telegraph to take the matter up at once. In due course he will appoint a date to meet the representative of the Hong Kong Viceroy and open negotiations in respect to the junction of the two sections. We beg that you will notify the British Minister in\n\nthis sense.\n\n71\n\nI have the honour to communicate the above for your Excellency's information.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\nPrince CHING.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[35582]\n\n33063\n\n[October 3.]\n\nRECR Rro 28 OCT 0\n\nSECTION 3.\n\nNo. 1.\n\nMr. Max Müller to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received October 3.)\n\n(No. 318.) Sir,\n\nPeking, September 15, 1910, THE Board of Trade Journal of the 28th July last (p. 187) quotes a report from His Majesty's consul at Dairen to the effect that an agreement regarding through-freight rates has been concluded between the South Manchurian Railway Company and the Chinese Eastern Railway authorities in St. Petersburgh.\n\nIn a despatch from the acting British consul at Harbin, dated the 30th August, 1910, copy of which I have the honour to enclose, Mr. Sly states that he is informed that no agreement regarding goods traffic has yet been arrived at, but that negotiations between representatives of the companies concerned are now proceeding at St. Petersburgh.\n\nAs regards passenger and baggage traffic, two agreements are now in force between—\n\n(a.) Places on the Chinese Eastern and Ussuri Railways and places on the South Manchurian Railway and in Japan.\n\n(b.) Places on the Chinese Eastern and Ussuri Railways and places on the South Manchurian Railway.\n\nMr. Sly understands that the intention is to extend similar facilities to places on the Russian Government railways, but that the arrangement has been delayed owing to the introduction of new passenger rates on the Trans-Siberian route.\n\nAs the agreements in question refer solely to the business relations between the Russian and Japanese companies, and do not indicate any alteration in the existing passenger and baggage tariff, I do not forward copies of these documents.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nW. G. MAX MÜLLER.\n\nEnclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nActing Consul Sly to Mr. Max Müller,\n\n(No. 26.) Sir,\n\nHarbin, August 30, 1910. REFERRING to Mr. Parlett's despatch No. 44 of the 5th ultimo to Sir Claude MacDonald, copy of which was forwarded to you, I have the honour to enclose herewith copies of two agreements which are now in force in regard to passenger and baggage traffic between—\n\n1. Places on the Chinese Eastern Railway and the Ussuri Railway and places on the South Manchurian Railway and in Japan; and\n\n2. Places on the Chinese Eastern and Ussuri Railways and places on the South Manchurian Railway.\n\nThe intention is to extend similar facilities to passenger and baggage traffic to places on the Russian Government railways; but the arrangement has been delayed owing to the introduction of new passenger rates on the Siberian route, and will not, therefore, so I understand, come into force before next month.\n\nAs regards goods, my information is that no agreement of the kind mentioned in the enclosure to Mr. Parlett's despatch has so far been reached, and that the whole subject is now under discussion at St. Petersburgh. The Japanese representatives at the conference which is being held there are: Mr. Y. Kinoshita, engineer, traffic manager of the Japanese Imperial Railways; Mr. Aoki, engineer, Japanese Imperial Railways; Mr. Katabe, freight department, Imperial Japanese Railways; Mr. Tanaka, traffic manager, South Manchurian Railway; Mr. Shoji, interpreter, South Manchurian\n\n[2948 e-3]\n\nB\n\n274", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429539, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 276, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "2\n\nRailway; while the departure from Harbin of M. Kabalinsky, who has for nearly a year past been chief of the commercial department of the Chinese Eastern Railway Company, and who was shortly due to return to Europe, has been hastened to enable him to take part in the debates. His return to Harbin appears to be extremely uncertain, in view of the opinions which he entertains as to the importance attaching to the department over which he has presided. If report speaks true, he considers that he should to all intents and purposes be independent in his own sphere of General Horvat, the manager of the railway; while he holds that the commercial interests of the line are entitled to first consideration, and that the other administrative departments should make its commercial development their principal objective.\n\nOne of the chief difficulties with which the conference at St. Petersburgh will have to contend is, I am told, to fix the point at which rates shall be broken. The Japanese, I understand, have favoured Harbin, the Russians Kwangchengtzu, while Shuang Cheng Pu, 32 miles south of Harbin, has been mentioned as a compromise. The interests of the South Manchurian and Chinese Eastern Railways will clash in this respect in regard to beans and cereals, since each party will desire to attract as much as possible of these commodities to its own line and to its own port of shipment. The shipping facilities at Dalny greatly excel those at Vladivostock, and I have heard it stated by a gentleman who is intimately connected with the bean trade that, if the Russians wish to encourage shippers to convey their cargo to Vladivostock, they will have to give cheaper rates than the South Manchurian Railway. A quicker and more regular service than that afforded last season will also be necessary. Long delays were then occasioned owing to an inadequate supply of cars, and matters were not improved by the unprecedented heavy falls of snow.\n\nOther important articles in regard to which reciprocity in the matter of freight rates would be mutually advantageous are those mentioned in the enclosure to Mr. Parlett's despatch, to which reference has before been made, namely, Fushun coal, timber, and flour.\n\nThe appendices and tables attached to enclosed agreements are not forwarded. These agreements, in English, were supplied to me by the Chinese Eastern Railway.\n\nEnclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nH. E. SLY,\n\nConvention determining the Mutual Relations between the Carriers participating in the Manchurian-Japanese Passenger through Traffic.\n\nARTICLE 1.\n\nIn order to promote the passenger and baggage traffic between the principal stations of the Chinese Eastern, the Ussuri, and the Imperial Japanese Railways, as well as between the above stations and the ports indicated in the tariff, a through traffic to be known by the name \"Manchurian-Japanese passenger traffic\" is being established.\n\nThe following carriers are participating in the said traffic:—\n\nThe board of directors of the Chinese Eastern Railway Company at St. Petersburgh,\n\nthe Ussuri Railway, leased to that company.\n\nThe board of directors of the South Manchurian Railway at Dairen.\n\nThe administration of the Imperial Japanese Railways at Tokyo.\n\nThe committee of the Russian volunteer fleet at St. Petersburgh.\n\nThe board of directors of the \"Osaka Shosen Kaisha\" Steam Shipping Company at Osaka.\n\nARTICLE 2.\n\n1. The carriers participating in this traffic elect by a majority of votes, for a term of five years, a board for the management of the affairs relating to the said traffic.\n\n2. The board managing the through-traffic affairs receives from the carriers concerned various kinds of proposals which have the object to promote the present through traffic by means of adaptation of adequate general measures.\n\nIn case, when the settlement (by means of exchange of correspondence) of questions raised by the carriers interested in the traffic should meet with difficulties, or when one of the said administrations should express the desire that these questions be discussed by the conference, the board managing the through-traffic affairs enters these questions on the programme of the business to be attended to by the nearest conference. The board managing the through-traffic affairs convenes the conferences, executes the decisions passed and approved by the conferences, prepares and publishes the tariffs, the supplements to the tariffs, the conventions, &c., and attends, when necessary, to the correspondence with the administrations participating in the present traffic.\n\n3. The correspondence relating to the traffic in question shall be done—\n\nBy the Russian carriers, in Russian;\n\nBy the Japanese carriers, in English.\n\nThe publications issued by the board managing the affairs of this traffic are printed—\n\nFor the Russian carriers, in Russian\n\nFor the Japanese carriers, in English.\n\nARTICLE 3.\n\n1. For the deliberation on questions bearing upon general interests, as well as on measures which are likely to promote the development of the traffic, shall be convened by the administrations concerned, from time to time, conferences to which the participating carriers shall depute their authorised delegates.\n\nThe said conferences shall give decisions on questions relating to claims which could not be settled by means of correspondence. The resolutions passed by the conference with regard to matters connected with claims shall be executed immediately.\n\n2. The conferences are convened by the board managing the through-traffic affairs. The conferences decide by a majority of votes the question as to the time and place of the next conference.\n\n3. The programme of the business to be attended to by the conference shall be drawn up by the board managing the through-traffic affairs and forwarded to all the administrations concerned, so that the programme and the materials appertaining to the same should reach them not later than thirty days before the beginning of the conference.\n\n4. The motions about arising questions which are to be submitted to the conference for discussion must be stated in detail, and communicated to the board managing the through-traffic affairs at least eight weeks before the beginning of the conference.\n\n5. The motions of which no timely notice had been given shall be submitted to the conference for deliberation and decision only in case of an acknowledged urgent necessity.\n\n6. Each administration represented at the conference by a delegate shall have only one vote. Those administrations who failed to send delegates to the conference forfeit their right of voting. Each administration, however, shall have the right to be represented by another administration on strength of a written power of attorney. The resolutions given by that administration in the name of the administrations represented shall be binding for the latter.\n\n7. The resolutions of the conference shall be binding for the participants of the conference only in case when they were passed unanimously.\n\nBy a simple majority of votes only the following questions shall be decided, namely, the election of the board managing the through-traffic affairs, the determination of time and place of the conferences to be held, and the questions relating to claims of a contestable nature.\n\n8. The resolutions of the conference shall take effect immediately only in case of this being stated expressly in the resolution of the conference itself.\n\nAll other resolutions shall be considered as accepted if, within three months from the date of the dispatch by the board managing the through-traffic affairs of the respective report, together with the protocol, no objection is raised on the part of the administrations participating in the traffic.\n\n275\n\nA\n\nW.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429564, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 301, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[33921]\n\n0\n\n34281\n\n[September 19.]\n\nSECTION 4.\n\n8 NOV 10\n\nNo. 1.\n\n(No. 292.) Sir,\n\nMr. Max Müller to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received September 19.)\n\nPeking, August 29, 1910,\n\nON receipt of your despatch No. 257 of the 26th ultimo, I requested His Majesty's consul at Newchwang to furnish me with a full report with regard to the special facilities reported to be accorded by the Dairen Customs and railway to importers shipping goods into Manchuria via Dalny.\n\nI have the honour to transmit herewith the copy of a despatch which I have received from Mr. Wilkinson, from which it appears that the Dairen Customs can hardly be charged with intentionally granting special facilities to merchants which cannot be obtained at other treaty ports.\n\nThe difficulties which the Chinese Customs at Dairen have to contend with in the case of the import of foreign goods through the leased territory were referred to at some length in my despatch No. 35 of the 27th January, and although the promised co-operation of the railway company, should the instructions of the Japanese Government mentioned by Mr. Wilkinson be loyally carried out, may go some way towards enabling the Customs to follow up and deal with goods destined for Chinese territory, it is difficult to see how the fiscal relations of the two countries in South Manchuria can be placed on a really satisfactory footing until the Japanese authorities consent to the Kiaochow procedure being applied to Dairen.\n\nOn the other hand, there is no doubt that the facilities offered by the railway, with a view to attracting trade to Dairen, are of a special nature, and that the consequent gain to Dairen must result in a corresponding loss to Newchwang and act detrimentally on the trade of all other nations except Japan. The fact that Dairen has not yet benefited to the extent desired by the Japanese is due to the refusal of the Chinese merchants hitherto to abandon Newchwang in favour of the rival port.\n\nThe reported intention of the railway company to build a new goods station at Newchwang in a more central and convenient situation (referred to in Mr. Wilkinson's intelligence report for June quarter, extracts from which were enclosed in my despatch No. 280 of the 19th August) would seem to indicate that the company are beginning to realise the wisdom of conciliating the Chinese mercantile community at that port.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nW. G. MAX MÜLLER,\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\n(No. 20.) Sir.\n\nConsul Wilkinson to Mr. Max Müller.\n\nNewchwang, August 25, 1910.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge receipt of your despatch No. 9 of the 17th instant, calling for further particulars with regard to the special facilities accorded by the Dairen Customs and the railway to importers shipping goods into Manchuria viâ Dairen,\n\nIn my intelligence report for March quarter I gave instances of the laxity shown by the Dairen Customs in the matter of the examination of goods. The evidence adduced appears to me, however, hardly strong enough to justify the charge that, with a view to attracting trade to the port, the Customs are according special facilities to merchants which are unobtainable at other treaty ports. It may be urged, too, in defence of the Customs officials concerned, that for the necessary facilities to enable them to carry out their duties in a proper manner they depend almost entirely on the good-will of the railway company, and that, as these facilities are often withheld, many goods necessarily escape examination through no fault on the part of the Customs. Further, I understand that, owing to representations made by the Japanese\n\n[2893 -4]\n\n300", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429565, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 302, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "2\n\nMinister in Peking, instructions have been sent by the Japanese Government to the railway company to render every possible assistance to the Customs in the execution of their duties, so that no doubt there will be less ground for complaint in the future.\n\nIt is also no fault of the Customs that exemption certificates are not taken out at Dairen, as they are at Newchwang, to cover duty-paid goods sent by railway to the treaty marts in the interior. The use of such certificates is not compulsory; owing to the refusal of the Chinese authorities to recognise their validity once the goods they cover have passed out of foreign hands, it is evident that the merchants at Dairen do not find it worth their while to take them out.\n\nThere can be no question, however, of the special nature of the facilities accorded at Dairen by the railway company. The most valuable of these, leaving aside the very favourable railway tariff, are the special through rates from Shanghai to the interior offered to shippers by the railway company's steamers. I have commented at some length in previous reports. Other facilities offered are ample wharfage and godown accommodation in close proximity to the railway, prompt dispatch of goods, and free pilotage for steamers.\n\nThe object, of course, of the railway in granting these special facilities at Dairen has been to attract trade to the port, and the company no doubt deserve considerable credit for the enterprise which they have shown in endeavouring to achieve their purpose. Unfortunately, however, both for Newchwang and foreign trade generally, any gain made by Dairen as a distributing centre for imports must be mainly at the expense of this port, which has hitherto almost monopolised the trade. Consequently, to attain their end, the company have found it necessary, while doing all they can to encourage trade at Dairen, to adopt the very opposite policy at Newchwang. Thus, the specific tariff of the railway is admittedly intended to divert trade from this port to Dairen; no special through rates from Shanghai to the interior are offered via Newchwang; the goods station is still kept at a distance of 4 miles from the business quarter of the town; and neither wharfage nor godown accommodation is provided by the railway. Cars again are not always easy to get at Newchwang, and it has been only by a lengthy and expensive boycott of the railway that Chinese merchants have succeeded in obtaining the removal of the worst of the many petty annoyances to which they found themselves subjected by the company.\n\nYet, in spite of the superior facilities available at Dairen, it must be admitted that the efforts of the railway to divert the import trade of Manchuria to that port have not as yet been crowned with success, for the Chinese merchants, who have practically the whole of the trade, excepting that with Japan, in their hands, still refuse to abandon Newchwang in favour of Dairen. Nevertheless, the step-motherly treatment of this port by the railway, by hindering the expansion of local trade, has unquestionably been detrimental to the commercial interests of every other nation than Japan, and especially so to those of Great Britain, the whole of whose import trade, excepting that in material for the use of the railway, finds its way into Manchuria via Newchwang. The only country, in fact, that has benefited as yet by the policy adopted by the railway company has been, as might be expected, Japan herself, for the Japanese, having kept the management of their trade to a great extent in their own hands, have been in a position to make every use of the special facilities offered at Dairen to promote their own commercial interests to the very great advantage of their export trade to Manchuria.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nF. E. WILKINSON,\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nC O\n\n34281\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA,\n\nBrief 8 NOV 10\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[October 4.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n[35162]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir Edward Grey to Mr. Max Müller.\n\n(No. 130.) (Telegraphic.) R.\n\nForeign Office, October 4, 1910. MY despatch No. 313 of the 25th August: Liao River Conservancy. Board of Trade consider action of Board of Finance in taking sum required from local customs revenue open to considerable objection, and that if principle be admitted the security of the Chinese loans will be seriously impaired.\n\nBoard suggest that, in approving present scheme, you should place on record objections of His Majesty's Government to the principle of meeting expenditure of this character out of the local receipts of the Imperial Maritime Customs, and express hope that such a principle will not again be acted upon.\n\nYou can act accordingly.\n\n[2958 d-1]\n\n301", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429698, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 435, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nC O 36747\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[November 7.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nRECO\n\nREGE IDFC 10\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[40466]\n\n(No. 231.) Sir,\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received November 7.)\n\nTokyo, October 21, 1910. WITH reference to my despatch No. 137 of the 9th June last, I have the honour to enclose a copy of a despatch from the acting British consul at Dairen, in which it is reported that the \"through traffic agreement\" between the South Manchuria and the Chinese Eastern Railways was signed at St. Petersburgh on the 10th instant.\n\nMr. Horne has not as yet been able to obtain the particulars of the agreement, but as soon as I am in receipt of these I shall have the honour of addressing a further despatch to you on the subject.\n\nMr. Horne is being instructed to forward copies of his despatch to Peking and Mukden.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nActing Consul Horne to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\n(No. 74.) Sir,\n\nDairen, October 13, 1910. WITH reference to Mr. Parlett's despatch No. 44 of the 5th July last, I have the honour to report that the \"through traffic agreement\" between the South Manchuria and Chinese Eastern Railways was signed at St. Petersburgh on the 10th instant. No particulars of the agreement are obtainable at the present moment, but I learn from the railway authorities here that (1) it contains a through freight tariff applicable to the two railways, and independent of existent tariffs-in cases where local are cheaper than through rates, the cheaper tariff will apply; and that (2) by a subsequent agreement those arrangements for the transportation of through goods are to be made applicable to the steam-ship services of the Osaka Shosen Kaisha and to the Imperial Government Railways of Japan.\n\nParticulars of the above agreement will be forwarded to your Excellency directly the railway authorities here have them at their disposition.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nHUGH HORNE.\n\n[2982 g-1]\n\n434\n\nPage 363\n\n \n\n \n\nPage 363\n\n \n\n \n\nPage 364", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 431834, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7]", "page_number": 42, "title": "CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7]", "content_text": "## \n39 \n\nirrespective of the question of leased territory and is not therefore in the same category as Kuang-chou-wan, Tsingtau or Dairen.\n\n2. The matter is one of very great importance to this Colony in connection with the Railway negotiations now pending and I, therefore, again press for your consideration the views expressed in Sir F. H. Lay's Despatches of the 4th May, 1910, and the 19th October, 1910.\n\n3. I am forwarding a copy of this Despatch to Sir John Jordan.\n\nI have the honour to be, \nSir, \nYour most obedient, \nhumble servant, \n**Maynarez** \nGovernor, &c.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 434291, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 292, "title": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n## SECTION 1.\n\n### No. 1.\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received January 2, 1911.)\n\n(No. 270.)\n\nTokyo, December 13, 1910.\n\nIN my despatch No. 225 of the 10th October last, I forwarded a translation of the agreement which had been made between the South Manchurian Railway Company and the Kirin-Changchun Railway on the subject of interlineal connection. I have now the honour to enclose copy of a despatch from the acting British consul at Dairen, reporting that the 15-mile section from Changchun to Kalun has been completed, and will be opened to traffic in the immediate future.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nCLAUDE M. MacDONALD.\n\n### Enclosure in No. 1.\n\n(No. 87.)\n\nActing Consul Horne to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\nDairen, December 3, 1910.\n\nWITH reference to Mr. Parlett's despatch No. 67 of the 3rd October last, I have the honour to report that the 15-mile section from Changchun to Kalun has been completed, and will be opened to traffic about the 15th of this month: a satisfactory trial run was made on the 29th ultimo.\n\nI understand that the railway supplies and rolling stock for use on this line are, as far as possible, of Chinese manufacture—rails from the Hankow Steel Works and rolling-stock from the Tongshan shops.\n\nWith regard to the question of interlineal through traffic between the South Manchurian Railway and the Kirin-Changchun Railway, the rolling-stock of the one railway will not be available for use on the other, owing to the difference in the standard weight of rails.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nHUGH HORNE.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 434350, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 351, "title": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n\n## SECTION 5\n\n### No. 1\n\nPage 349\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received January 16, 1911.)\n\n**(No. 280. Confidential.)**\n\nTokyo, December 26, 1910.\n\nSir,\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 230 of the 21st October last on the subject of the frequent allegations of customs irregularities at Dairen and of the consequent smuggling of goods into Manchuria through the leased territory, I have the honour to report that, with the object of correcting any possible evils and removing any further suspicion, Mr. Tachibana, the commissioner of customs at that port, recently put forward a scheme to abolish the free area and to bring Dairen, with certain modifications, into line with Kiao-chau as regards the customs. The British acting consul at Dairen, in commenting on the proposal, attributed its origin to the advice given by Herr Dernburg, the ex-German Colonial Secretary, during his visit in the autumn to that district.\n\nIn recommending the proposal to the Inspector-General of the Imperial Maritime Customs of China, who is said to be giving it his support, Mr. Tachibana showed that the Chinese Government would benefit thereby by increased revenue and a much firmer control of cargo at Dairen, while at the same time advantage would accrue to the Japanese Government in that 20 per cent. of this revenue would be handed over to them. Also he pointed out that the commercial future of the port was so well assured that there need be no fear of a falling off of the import trade in consequence of the change.\n\nOn these grounds, and in view of the support which he had obtained for the scheme in influential circles both locally and in Tokyo, Mr. Tachibana did not anticipate much opposition from Kwantung and the central Government, and hoped that it would not be long before the scheme was put in motion through the Japanese Minister in Peking.\n\nI now learn from the acting British consul at Dairen that Mr. Shirani, the civil administrator at Port Arthur, who has recently returned to his post from Tokyo, is apparently strongly in favour of the change and is preparing a memorandum on the question for submission to the central Government. An official of the Kwantung Government is also to be detailed for special duty to investigate and report on the customs arrangements at Kiao-chau in regard to their suitability, with necessary modifications, for Dairen.\n\nI have the honour to enclose a copy of Mr. Horne's despatch No. 90 of the 21st instant on the subject, copy of which, together with my covering despatch, has been forwarded to His Majesty's Minister at Peking.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD\n\n### Enclosure in No. 1\n\nActing Consul Horne to Sir C. MacDonald,\n\n**(No. 90. Confidential.)**\n\nDairen, December 21, 1910.\n\nSir,\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 76. Confidential, of the 21st October last on the subject of the abolition of the free area, I have the honour to report that the scheme is progressing favourably from the customs point of view. Mr. Shirani, the civil administrator at Port Arthur, who has recently returned from Tokyo, is apparently strongly in favour of the change and is preparing a memorandum on the question for submission to the central Government. In this connection an official of the Kwantung Government is to be detailed for special duty to investigate and report on the customs arrangements at Kiao-chau, having regard to their suitability, with necessary modifications, for Dairen.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 434351, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 352, "title": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n[1985]\n\n### No. 1.\n\n[January 18.]\n\n#### SECTION 1.\n\nIndia Office to Foreign Office.-(Received January 18.)\n\nTHE Under-Secretary of State for India presents his compliments to the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and, by direction of the Earl of Crewe, forwards herewith, for the information of the Secretary of State, copy of a telegram to Viceroy, dated the 16th January, 1911, relative to Burmah-China frontier.\n\nIndia Office, January 17, 1911.\n\n#### Enclosure in No. 1.\n\nThe Earl of Crewe to Government of India.\n\n**(Telegraphic.) P.**\n\nBURMAH-CHINA frontier.\n\nIndia Office, January 16, 1911. Please see telegram, dated the 15th instant, from His Majesty's Minister at Peking. Mention of the Ngawchang suggests that line proposed in 1905 by Shih is being reverted to by the Chinese. Reference is also invited to note, dated the 30th August, 1906, from Prince Ching. Following should, I am inclined to think, be the reply. In 1905 Litton and Shih jointly examined the country in question, and nothing was revealed by examination to modify the views which His Majesty's Government had communicated to the Chinese Government previously. Accordingly Sir E. Satow, in his note of the 1st May, 1906, reaffirmed those views. His Majesty's Government have now acted on the intimation made in the note of the 1st May, 1906, as the Chinese Government have found no more effective proposal to make in four years than that country which has already been examined should be examined further. An expedition has proceeded to Pien-ma, and we are peaceably administering the country up to the watershed. We are prepared to examine at Peking with the Chinese Government, with whom it now rests to show cause why we should not act as we are doing, any evidence in substantiation of claims to particular villages between the Ngawchang line and the watershed which they may wish to produce.\n\nPlease let me have your views. In case Shih's line is pressed by the Chinese, it is desirable that you should furnish a reasoned statement of the objections to that line for the use of His Majesty's Minister at Peking.\n\nPage 1350\n\nYour Excellency is doubtless acquainted with the existing conditions at Kiao-chau, where the extent of the free area is about 1 square mile (English), covering a narrow fringe along the harbour limits, and including wharves and duty-free godowns, where merchants have their stocks of material ready for use in \"public and official works\" and for re-export.\n\nIn a memorandum prepared for the Commissioner of Customs at Dairen, the Commissioner at Kiao-chau states: -\n\"The principal advantage gained by the Kiao-chau customs under the additional agreement is a practically perfect control over all goods, imported and exported, such as exists in no other port in China and would be considered up to date in any foreign country. The expenses of collection are reduced to a minimum, as the otherwise indispensable frontier control is avoided, and, last not least, friction between Customs and colonial Government is reduced to a minimum. The advantages gained by the colonial Government are: -\n| Advantage | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1. | A reliable revenue of 20 per cent. of all import duties - a very liberal Pacht-calculation of the duties on foreign and native goods consumed in the Gebiet - and without any collection expenses. |\n| 2. | Through having the Chinese customs within the Pacht-Gebiet, a certain amount of influence over its management. |\n| 3. | Ships and goods have all the privileges as in treaty ports and other advantages resulting from the free area system, which simplifies customs work to the advantage of all concerned. |\n\n\"Agents and shippers, I should mention, have often expressed their satisfaction with the manner in which customs work is done here.\"\n\nI have, &c.\n\nHUGH HORNE.\n\n`CO 5712`\n`#21 FB T`\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 434354, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 355, "title": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "**confirms the opinion stated in my despatch No. 30, that the recent Russo-Japanese agreement—whatever its present advantages, and upon these I shall presently touch—is merely a temporary expedient, and cannot endure as a lasting compact.** It is interesting also to recall the extract from an article which appeared earlier in the year in the \"Nova Zizn,\" and which was embodied in my despatch No. 11 of the 11th May last. The writer, whose theme was the recently-established Russo-Japanese society at Harbin and the movement towards a rapprochement between the two nations, frankly admitted that the Japanese were more thorough and more fanatically patriotic than the Russians, and would get the better of the bargain. My experience in Northern Manchuria, which will soon have extended over a year, has led me to think that this apprehension is well founded.\n\nThe Russian, though not wanting in foresight and mental capacity generally, lacks application, and his practical ability is not commensurate with his powers of thought and conception. Herein would appear to lie his chief danger in respect of an alliance concluded between him and the Japanese with a view to protecting both against what was held to be a common peril, namely, the loss or curtailment of their vested and hard-earned interests in Manchuria. The Russian is not so thorough and painstaking as the Japanese, and though he has immense resources and his position in the Far East will be materially strengthened by the construction of the Amur Railway and the improved fortification of Vladivostock, he will need to spare no precautions and to encourage and develop a spirit of thoroughness and a capacity for application if he does not wish his present bargain with his recent enemy, however temporary he may intend or desire it to be, to ensure eventually to his own disadvantage.\n\nIn no other place in which I have lived have I experienced the same difficulty in securing the performance of any matter, however simple, and whether of a business or ordinary nature as in Harbin: procrastination is the order of the day and efficiency a quality which is seldom encountered. From foreigners of all descriptions and nationalities, one invariably hears the same disparaging remark—\"the Russian is quite useless.\" I have had no close acquaintance with the Japanese, but as far as I can judge of their work in Manchuria, there can be no doubt as to their efficiency or progress.\n\nTheir position in this province—already very strong by reason of their hold on the leased territory of Kuantang, their possession of the South Manchurian and Antung-Mukden railways, and their interest in the Kirin-Chiang Ch'un line, which, if the rails are of a different standard weight, is of the same gauge as the South Manchurian Railway—has been still further strengthened by the final and definite absorption of Corea. The north and north-eastern portion of Corea borders upon Chientao and Hunchun, and my confidential despatches Nos. 19 and 28 of the 24th July and 13th September last, reporting on these districts, made mention of their utility as a striking base against Vladivostock, Novo Kievsk, and Possiet, and also referred to the number of Coreans which was moving into them from across the border.\n\nNow that Corea is part of the Japanese Empire, the consolidation of Japan's position along the Tiumen will be facilitated, and it may be anticipated that the mantle of protection which she has hitherto thrown over Corean subjects resident in China will be extended. If newspaper report speaks true, this matter has, in fact, already demanded attention, and the instruction issued by the Manchurian Viceroy to his subordinates is to mark time and endeavour to avoid giving rise to any question pending the consideration of the subject by the Chinese and Japanese Governments. The Japanese are not likely to fail to take advantage of any circumstance which will increase their influence in Manchuria, and which will furnish them with another weapon against China as occasion serves.\n\nEpitomising the foregoing remarks, the position reached is that the Japanese and Russians, the former by its annexation of Corea and the latter by its military measures, have shown that they are both fully alive to the necessity for strengthening their position in and in the neighbourhood of Manchuria, and that the superior qualities of the Japanese provide a distinct element of danger for Russia in her recent compact with her former foe, against which every precaution should for her own protection be taken. It will be useful, before proceeding to deal with other factors in the situation, to give specific instances which occasion and confirm the apprehension that the Japanese and not the Russians will be those to extract the greatest benefit from the arrangement which has been made between them.\n\nIn recent numbers of the \"Manchuria Daily News\" have contained the statement that the Japanese Government proposes next year to open a consulate at Aigun. In conversation with my Japanese colleague, I enquired whether this report was correct. Mr. Kawakami did not himself see that any good purpose could be served by opening a consulate at Aigun, which lies on the opposite bank of the river to, and about 35 versts (23 miles) below, Blagovestchensk. His Government had, however, approached the Chinese Government with a request to be allowed to station a consular officer at Taheiho, but the Chinese Government had declined to accede to it. Taheiho, not Aigun—vide my despatch No. 38 of the 5th instant—is the place where trade centres, and in indicating it for a consular post, the Japanese authorities show that they are fully acquainted with local conditions.\n\nThere are, according to the Japanese consul-general, 200 Japanese subjects at Taheiho, which is an Imperial Maritime Customs barrier, and 500 at Blagovestchensk. A consul at Taheiho could also keep watch and ward over his nationals resident in the Russian town across the river. In further conversation with my colleague a few days back, he introduced the subject of the delays and difficulties encountered at Harbin by passengers from Europe bound for the south—we had both of us the previous evening experienced the inconveniences of the present system or lack of system—and stated that he contemplated writing to the South Manchurian Railway Company, and urging them to send an official to Harbin to render assistance to southward-bound passengers and accompany them on their journey to Chang Ch'un.\n\nIt seems unlikely that two years ago, for example, the Japanese authorities would have thought such a step either politic or advisable, though it must not be forgotten that the European expresses as far as Ch'ang Ch'un are now under \"wagons-lits\" management. Again, report has it that the Japanese are moving into North Manchuria in considerably greater numbers than previously, and a matter of no little interest—particularly in view of the explanation of its cause—is the recent establishment at Dairen of a branch of the Russian firm of Tchurin, a large general store established at Harbin, Vladivostock, Blagovestchensk, Nikolsk, Larbarovsk, and other places.\n\nSpeaking with a member of the local branch of the firm a short time back, he told me that the firm, which in one year, I think it was last year, had a turn-over of 2,500,000 roubles at Harbin and 4,000,000 at Vladivostock, was about to open at Dairen, where the first steamer bringing a large consignment of goods for the firm to that port was then due. He was himself bound for Dairen to make all the necessary arrangements, and their intention was, if possible, to import all their goods for Harbin viâ Dairen, and not viâ Vladivostock, as hitherto. The present was a trial shipment, and the reason for the change was the protracted delays and numerous difficulties, some of which he enumerated, with which they had to contend at the latter port.\n\nThe step contemplated by Messrs. Tchurin is of no little significance, and the result, if the venture prove successful, will be this: a Japanese port and transportation over two lines of rail, Japanese and Russian, necessitating a transfer of the goods from the Japanese to the Russian line at Chang Ch'un give greater facilities for the importation of goods to a Russian firm doing a large business at Harbin than a Russian port with direct Russian railway communication to the place of destination. The distance by rail from Vladivostock to Harbin is 483 miles and from Dairen 585, and I understand that, according to present arrangements, freights from Europe to the latter are somewhat higher than to the former.\n\nLastly, it is worthy of note that the recent railway agreement concluded at St. Petersburgh at which through rates were arranged on certain classes of goods transported over the South Manchurian and Chinese Eastern railways took, according to a statement attributed to Mr. Tanaka, traffic manager of the South Manchurian line and a member of the conference, and published in the \"Manchuria Daily News,\" no account of pulse and grain. I do not doubt that the report is correct, since grains and beans are the chief articles of transport on these railways, and the Russian authorities, in view of the better railway and shipping facilities afforded by the Japanese, would have good reason to fear that a through rate on beans would divert considerable quantities of this commodity from the Chinese Eastern to the South Manchurian Railway, while, as regards grain products, the Russians have no desire to encourage at present the export of wheat either to the south of Manchuria or abroad.\n\nThey wish to foster the local Russian flour mills, and there is already one competitor in the south, namely, the Japanese mill at Tiehling. I do not desire to exaggerate the importance of the above instances of Japanese progressiveness, some of which may not be thought of any great intrinsic moment; but a straw shows which way the wind blows, and is of greater or less consequence according to the weather which general conditions may incline one to expect.\n\nHaving now given some general consideration to the Russo-Japanese agreement of July last and its possible consequences as regards the future relations of one party to the other, it is proposed to invite attention to its bearing upon the attitude of both\n\nPage 353", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 434449, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 450, "title": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n### CONFIDENTIAL\n\n[6128]\n\n(No. 37.)\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received February 20.)\n\nPeking, January 28, 1911.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 9 of the 7th instant, in which you invite my observations on a suggestion made by Mr. E. A. Hewett, chairman of the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce and unofficial member of the Executive and Legislative Councils of the colony, regarding the advisability, in connection with the construction of the Canton-Kowloon Railway, of claiming similar facilities for the trade between Hong Kong and China as are enjoyed by France and Russia in respect of the trade with China across their land frontiers.\n\nTo understand the question properly, it seems to me that a sharp distinction must be drawn between territory held on lease from China and territorial possessions in the ordinary acceptance of the term. Hong Kong, being an island, has no land connection with China except through the Kowloon extension, which is held on lease from the Chinese Government.\n\nThere are four countries-England, France, Russia, and, since the annexation of Corea, Japan-which have territorial possessions coterminous with China. All of these Powers, with the exception of Japan, have special agreements with China regarding their frontier traffic. Those of England and France, which relate to Burmah and Tonquin respectively, are practically the same as regards duties, while the Russian treaty of 1881, which was negotiated in connection with the retrocession of Ili, concedes, in theory at least, free trade across the frontier. The revision of this treaty is to take place this year, and it is understood that a land tariff will be one of the conditions of the new arrangement.\n\nEngland and France, besides having territorial possessions bordering upon China, have also leased territories coterminous with China. So also have Japan, Germany, and so, too, had Russia until the recent war. None of these Powers have ever, so far as I am aware, claimed the same treatment for the frontier traffic in their leased territories as has been accorded by special agreements to the similar traffic crossing the frontiers between their territorial possessions and China, and it is safe to assert that any such claim would be firmly resisted by China. China will certainly consent to no arrangement at present which can be construed as placing leased territory on the same footing as territory which is the absolute property of another Power.\n\nI do not see, therefore, how Hong Kong can expect to receive better treatment than France at Kuangchow-wan, than Germany at Tsingtau, and than Japan at Dairen.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN.\n\nPage 450\nPage 451", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 434583, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 584, "title": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n\n### SECTION 3\n\n(No. 37.)\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received February 20.)\n\nPeking, January 28, 1911.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 9 of the 7th instant, in which you invite my observations on a suggestion made by Mr. E. A. Hewett, chairman of the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce and unofficial member of the Executive and Legislative Councils of the colony, regarding the advisability, in connection with the construction of the Canton-Kowloon Railway, of claiming similar facilities for the trade between Hong Kong and China as are enjoyed by France and Russia in respect of the trade with China across their land frontiers.\n\nTo understand the question properly, it seems to me that a sharp distinction must be drawn between territory held on lease from China and territorial possessions in the ordinary acceptance of the term. Hong Kong, being an island, has no land connection with China except through the Kowloon extension, which is held on lease from the Chinese Government.\n\nThere are four countries—England, France, Russia, and, since the annexation of Corea, Japan—which have territorial possessions coterminous with China. All of these Powers, with the exception of Japan, have special agreements with China regarding their frontier traffic. Those of England and France, which relate to Burmah and Tonquin respectively, are practically the same as regards duties, while the Russian treaty of 1881, which was negotiated in connection with the retrocession of Ili, concedes, in theory at least, free trade across the frontier. The revision of this treaty is to take place this year, and it is understood that a land tariff will be one of the conditions of the new arrangement.\n\nEngland and France, besides having territorial possessions bordering upon China, have also leased territories coterminous with China. So also have Japan, Germany, and so, too, had Russia until the recent war. None of these Powers have ever, so far as I am aware, claimed the same treatment for the frontier traffic in their leased territories as has been accorded by special agreements to the similar traffic crossing the frontiers between their territorial possessions and China, and it is safe to assert that any such claim would be firmly resisted by China. China will certainly consent to no arrangement at present which can be construed as placing leased territory on the same footing as territory which is the absolute property of another Power.\n\nI do not see, therefore, how Hong Kong can expect to receive better treatment than France at Kuangchow-wan, than Germany at Tsingtau, and than Japan at Dairen.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n582 \n10797 \n[February 20.]\n[6128] \n[1909 π-3]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 434598, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 13, "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "# \n\nSir H. May as to the stage in descent at which China will agree to withdraw its claim to regard Chinese born abroad as Chinese subjects, before we proceed to enter into negotiations on our own account.\n\nThe Dutch Minister informs me that the Chinese Government fully realize that their present Law of Nationality is unworkable and must be revised. Legislation in China is in a very fluid condition at present and this particular enactment would no longer, I fear, form a solid basis on which to base an arrangement with China.\n\nThe Ministers of the Wai Wu Pu have little or no knowledge of these questions which are left to other departments and for the purposes of the negotiations with the Dutch Minister, it has been necessary to recall to Peking the Chinese Minister at the Hague who has had long experience abroad.\n\n## \n\nAs to the inhabitants of the Kowloon extension and Wei Hai Wei, I do not think that the Chinese will ever admit that the two cases are in any way distinct. They regard both as leased, and not as ceded territories. The wording of both leases is practically the same except that the former is an enlargement under lease of Hongkong which is territory previously ceded by Treaty. Both places are, from the Chinese point of view, on the same basis as Kiaochow and Dairen and so long as the Germans and Japanese do not claim to protect Chinese inhabitants of Kiaochow and Dairen outside the limits of the leased territory, I do not see how we can expect to enforce such a claim.\n\nThe Chinese answer would simply be that Kiaochow was leased to Germany for 99 years in March 1898, that Kowloon was, as a political concession, similarly leased to Great Britain for the same period three months later, and that the treatment in both cases must be the same. Had there been any idea of a cession of territory, as distinguished from lease, we should, they would add, have doubtless stipulated, as the Japanese did in the case of the cession of Formosa, that the inhabitants should have the right of \"opting\". (see Article V of Treaty of Shimonoseki of 1895).\n\nIt never, of course, occurred to the Chinese that the principles of international law were going to be strictly", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 435066, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 480, "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\n(No. 159. Sir, Confidential.)\n\n[May 12.]\n\n### SECTION 3\n#### No. 1\n16 JUN 11\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received May 12.)\n\nPeking, April 18, 1911.\n\nTHE China Association at Shanghai recently approached His Majesty's consul-general with a request that he would institute enquiries into certain allegations made with respect to Japanese trading methods in Manchuria.\n\nThe indictment is set forth in detail in the accompanying copy of a despatch addressed by Mr. Fraser to His Majesty's consular officers at Mukden and Dairen, and amounts to a suggestion that Japan is smuggling her manufactures into Manchuria on a large scale.\n\nThe conclusions at which Mr. Willis and Mr. Horne have arrived after consultation together are that the import of Japanese cottons into Manchuria has greatly increased during the past two years, mainly at the expense of American products, but that the fact that Japanese importers make at present at least as much use of Newchwang as of Dairen would seem to dispose of the innuendo that Japanese goods are only making their way by taking advantage of the incompetence or corruption of the Dairen customs. The accompanying memorandum compiled by Mr. Willis and Mr. Horne throws some interesting light on the various points raised by the China Association.\n\nThe matter being of a highly confidential nature I have instructed His Majesty's consul-general at Shanghai to abstain from communicating the results of this enquiry to the China Association for publication. In view, however, of the fact that that enquiry has to a very great extent failed to substantiate the charges suggested, you may think it advisable to communicate the result to that body confidentially, if they should address you on the subject.\n\nI have, &c.\nJ. N. JORDAN.\n\n### Enclosure 1 in No. 1\n\n**Consul-General Fraser to Acting Consul-General Willis.**\n(Very Confidential.) Sir,\n\nShanghai, February 27, 1911.\n\nTHE China Association at this port having asked me to obtain confirmation or refutation of certain serious allegations (set forth below), in connection with the importation of Japanese goods through Dalny into Manchuria, I have the honour to forward the gist of the indictment of Japanese methods which has been shown me in strict confidence.\n\nYou are, of course, familiar with the rapid development of Japanese import trade with China, and can check the following comparative table alleged to be compiled from Japanese official publications:\n\n| Year | Kin | Over 20's kin | Imitation nankeens | Cotton flannels | Grey shirtings and sheetings | Cotton drills and twilled shirtings |\n|------|-----|-------------|------------------|---------------|-------------------------|----------------------------------|\n| 1908 | 47,649,826 | 2,702,220 | 2,275,012 | pieces | 39,773,586 | 18,294,292 |\n| 1909 | 73,543,182 | 4,120,264 | 2,615,905 | yards | 54,762,285 | 27,623,816 |\n| 1910 | 94,305,580 | 6,862,187 | 3,473,606 | 4,509,482 | 54,598,810 | 47,787,068 |\n| | | | | 6,478,901 | | |\n| | | | | 9,778,139 | | |\n\nPage 480\nPage 481", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 435068, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 482, "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "The import of Japanese cotton cloth, which in 1902 and 1903 taken together was about 20,000 yards, rose to 18,000,000 yards in 1909, and was over 13,000,000 yards in 1910.\n\n7. If the figures for 1902 and 1903 are contrasted with those for 1909 and 1910, which for the reasons given above would seem to give a fairer comparison, the decrease is less marked, and is more than balanced by the increase in the import of jeans. The tables given in connection with the previous question are applicable in this instance.\n\nThat there can be no particular advantage for Japanese in importing via Dairen is clearly shown by the following figures:-\n\n5\n\n12. It is held that the opening statement of this paragraph is not strictly accurate. Consideration of the footnote, to which allusion is here made, does not suggest irregularity in the slightest degree. While being in agreement that strict accuracy in returning actual arrivals of commodities would be of considerable benefit, it is felt that the question is one for submission to the inspector-general of customs, under whose authority or sanction the present method is adopted.\n\nyear.\n\n13. It is well known that imports were rushed into Dairen in the early part of 1907 in view of the opening of the custom-house which took place in July of that year. It must be remembered that throughout 1907 and the first half of 1908, i.e., until the completion of the broad gauge, few railway facilities were given by the South Manchurian Railway for the transport of goods, and consequently during this period there was an accumulation of stocks at Dairen. The organisation of the Mitsui firm at this time was by no means so perfect as at present.\n\n| Year | Japanese Sheetings | | Japoneze Drills | |\n| | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | Imported via Dairen | Newchwang | Imported via Dairen | Newchwang |\n| 1909 | 43,254 | 185,585 | 13 | 10,218 |\n| 1910 | 358,174 | 244,544 | 38,393 | 102,375 |\n| | | | 149,509 | |\n\n8. It should be remembered that a large proportion of the shipping value of Dalny is credited to the steam-ship lines providing passenger communication with Shanghai and Japanese and Corean ports. The two connecting steamers of the South Manchurian Railway Company alone take some 200,000 tons of the total annual shipping trade. The foreign passengers to and from Dairen during 1909 were over 44,000.\n\nIn view of the facts pointed out in the final clause of the immediately preceding paragraph, it seems unnecessary to discuss the question in detail.\n\n9. These figures are apparently taken from the returns for the year 1908. The following table will show that similar discrepancies occur in other years:-\n\n| Year | IMPORTS from Japan to China | | | | | | | |\n| | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | Sheetings | Shirtings | Drills | Jeans | Total | | | |\n| 1906 | 1,096,520 | 187,256 | 502,076 | 85,692 | 1,871,544 | | | |\n| 1907 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | | | |\n| 1908 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | | | |\n| 1900 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | | | |\n| AVERAGE. 1899 to 1904 (excluding 1900) | 1,112,709 | 221,929 | 477 | 586,815 | 117,720 | 2,039,173 | | |\n| | Japanese Figures | | | | Chinese Figures | | | |\n| | Newchwang | Dairen | Antung | Suifenho | £ | £ | | |\n| | | | | | 12,023,327 | 10,047,812 | | |\n| | | | | | 10,822,000 | 9,337,000 | | |\n| | | | | | 7,988,551 | 9,114,492 | | |\n| | | | | | 7,000,000 | 7,793,875 | | |\n| | | | | | Total | Grand total | | |\n\n| Year | Sheetings | Shirtings | Drills | Jeans | Total |\n| | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1908 | 682,243 | 242,881 | 248,610 | 188,986 | |\n| | 108,118 | 186,047 | 20,831 | 10,892 | |\n| | 75,072 | 25,025 | 23,254 | 21,856 | |\n| | 4,216 | 10,513 | 9,075 | 8,325 | |\n| | 869,640 | 464,466 | 301,790 | 229,559 | 1,865,404 |\n| 1909 | 818,361 | 437,529 | 416,822 | 331,458 | |\n| | 77,605 | 125,565 | 13,794 | 27,967 | |\n| | 104,317 | 49,583 | 14,413 | 22,624 | |\n| | 38,033 | 40,214 | 16,386 | 3,691 | |\n| | ... | ... | ... | ... | |\n| | 1,037,080 | 655,458 | 461,903 | 385,748 | 2,540,184 |\n\nand similar results will be obtained by comparing Japanese and Chinese figures for the exports from China to Japan. The reason for this constant discrepancy is probably to be found in the fact that the Chinese figures are compiled on a basis of fixed silver valuation, whereas the Japanese figures correspond with market fluctuations. It is, in any case, unreasonable to suppose that there could be an evasion of duty on a value of nearly 7,000,000 Haikwan taels at the Dairen customs when the total import was only 18,900,000 taels.\n\n10. The abolition of the free area is a scheme which has been strongly advocated by the commissioner of customs for some time past. The question is being favourably considered by the Kwantung Government in conjunction with certain responsible officials of the Colonial Office at Tokio, and there is every reason to suppose that Dalny will be placed on a customs footing similar to that obtaining at Tsingtau at no very distant date.\n\n11. Branch offices of the Dairen customs have been, for some time past, in operation at Pulantien, Chinchou (Kinshü), Pitzewo, and Port Arthur.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 435069, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 483, "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "# [This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n1910.\n\n## AFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\n19697\n\n| Type | Newchwang | Dairen | Antung | Suifenho | Manchouli | Total |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Sheetings, Pieces | 581,484 | 377,938 | 322,089 | 296,473 | | 1,107,754 |\n| Shirtings, Pieces | 394,195 | 36,354 | 104,757 | 13,271 | | 474,091 |\n| Drills, Pieces | 105,192 | 41,553 | 15,902 | 16,922 | 6,132 | 446,563 |\n| Jeans, Pieces | | | | | 15 | 329,869 |\n| | | | | | 399 | |\n| | | | | | ... | |\n| **Grand total** | | | | | | 2,858,277 |\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\nREG `16 JUN 11`\n\n[May 15.]\n\n(No. 132.) Sir,\n\nSir E. Goschen to Sir Edward Grey-(Received May 15.)\n\nBerlin, May 9, 1911.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that a Bill authorising the issue of shares for small amounts within the administration of the consular courts and the protectorate of Kiao-Chow has passed the Federal Council, and has again been presented to the Reichstag. This Bill is a repetition of one which was thrown out last year. It provides for the possibility of issuing shares of less than 1,000 marks (50l.), but of not less than 200 marks (10l.), and contains other small amendments which will probably facilitate its passage through the Reichstag.\n\nThe fact that the principle prevailing in the Empire that no shares could be issued of less than 50l. also obtained in Kiao-Chow caused many persons wishing to form companies there to place themselves under English law. The \"Kölnische Zeitung\" says that the German Government is perturbed at seeing the number of English companies steadily increasing in the protectorate, and will therefore do its best to bring about the passage of the Bill this session.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nW. E. GOSCHEN.\n\n[2023 p-1] \n478", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 435316, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 96, "title": "CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n\nC O 23539 \nRECO R18, JUL IT \n[June 9.] \nSECTION 5.\n\nSir,\n\nChina Association to Foreign Office.-(Received June 9.) \n159, Cannon Street, London, June 8, 1911.\n\nIN reference to your letter of the 14th October last, this association has been endeavouring to collect through its branches definite information on the subject of the alleged discrimination in favour of Japanese trade in Manchuria, and the general result is that such discrimination, if it existed, is already a thing of the past, and that there is little or no evasion of duty on the part of Japanese merchants in forwarding cargo to Manchuria.\n\nThe Newchwang Chamber of Commerce, indeed, write that the impression still prevails that laxity exists in the examination of goods at Dairen, but they admit that they are unable to bring forward any instances of undoubted authenticity. In regard to exemption certificates, the chamber remarks that as the Japanese authorities refuse to allow li-kin to be levied within their railway zone, their merchants have dispensed with the use of these certificates as a tiresome formality.\n\nThe Tien-tsin branch of this association write that they have no definite information, but that one of their members is now travelling in Manchuria, and we are promised a report later on.\n\nA letter from the Shanghai branch, of which copy is enclosed, dated the 6th May, is more explicit. It states that there is no evidence that any malpractices exist in regard to evasion of duties on the part of Japanese merchants at the port of Dalny. They do, however, call attention to the irregular and confused manner in which the trade returns are compiled by the customs at Dalny, the unreliability of which for any given period would appear to be the source of suspicion of malpractice. This is a matter which would seem to admit of easy remedy.\n\nThe association venture to call attention to the suggestion in the last paragraph of the Shanghai letter, viz., that the Kiaochow customs agreement should be adopted at Dalny, a proposition which it is said the Japanese authorities would regard with favour.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nG. JAMIESON, Chairman.\n\nDear Sir,\n\n## Enclosure in No. 1.\n\nChina Association, Shanghai, to General Committee. \nMay 6, 1911.\n\nWITH reference to your letters of the 24th March and 7th April, I have now been furnished with particulars on this question, which have been submitted to His Majesty's consul-general, and which he states are confirmed by the replies he has received to his enquiries.\n\nThere is no evidence that any malpractices exist in regard to the evasion of duties on the part of Japanese merchants in forwarding cargo into Manchuria. It appears that the Imperial Maritime Customs in Dalny are honestly administered, and that the South Manchurian Railway Company loyally assist and carry out faithfully their obligations to the Imperial Maritime Customs.\n\nThe procedure for forwarding cargo from Dalny into Manchuria is as follows:\n| Step | Procedure |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | An application giving particulars of the cargo to be forwarded up-country is lodged at the customs in the same manner as an export application would be made here. |\n| 2 | The cargo is examined, and duty, if any, is assessed. |\n| 3 | The cargo, having passed the customs and duty having been paid, is chopped with a special chop by the examination office, after which it can be loaded on to a car destined for up-country. |\n\n[2062 2-5] \n95", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 435321, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 101, "title": "CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "# AFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n## CONFIDENTIAL.\n### No. 1.\n\nSir,\n\nForeign Office to China Association.\n\n**Foreign Office, June 17, 1911.**\n\nSECRETARY Sir E. Grey has had under his consideration your letter of the 8th instant giving the results of the investigations instituted by the China Association into the alleged discrimination in favour of Japanese trade in Manchuria, and I am to state that your information corresponds generally with that received from His Majesty's consular officers at Mukden and Dairen, to the effect that the charges advanced cannot be substantiated.\n\nAs regards the suggestion contained in the final paragraph of your letter, that the Kiaochow Customs Agreement should be adopted at Dalny, Sir Edward Grey regrets that he is unable to express any views on the point at present.\n\nI am, &c.\n**F. A. CAMPBELL.**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 435323, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 103, "title": "CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n## SECTION 1\n\n### No. 1. Sir J. Jordan to Sir F. Campbell.-(Received June 20.)\n\nMy dear Campbell,\n\nPeking, May 31, 1911.\n\nMR. RUMBOLD sent me some little time ago the papers which you had forwarded to Sir Claude MacDonald regarding the vexed question of Japanese discrimination in Manchuria. Your letter on the subject seems to have crossed my despatch No. 159 of the 18th April to the Foreign Office, and I do not think that I can usefully add anything to the observations of Willis and Horne.\n\nThe only arrangement which will effectually remove the existing suspicions that all is not right in Manchuria is, as Mr. Rumbold indicates, the assimilation of the customs régime at Dairen to that in force at Tsingtao. But, so far as I can ascertain, no negotiations are going on here for the abolition of the free area. At any rate, Aglen, the Acting Inspector-General of Customs, recently told me that he had no information on the subject.\n\nYours sincerely,\nJ. N. JORDAN.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 435371, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 151, "title": "CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "**AFFAIRS OF CHINA**\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\n[25809]\n23921\n\nNo 22.\n\nJuly 3.\n\n### SECTION 4\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received July 3.)\n\n**(No. 252. Confidential.)**\nSir,\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith the copy of a despatch from Peking, June 17, 1911. Mr. Willis, acting consul-general at Mukden, enclosing the translation of an agreement signed on the 12th May between the Chinese provincial authorities on the one hand and the Japanese consul-general at Mukden and a representative of the South Manchurian Railway Company on the other for the working of the Fushun and Yent'ai coal mines. The various phases through which the ownership of these mines has passed are recorded in my despatches `No. 148` of the 30th March, 1908, `No. 569` of the 21st December, 1908, and `No. 191` of the 24th May, 1909. By the instrumentality of this agreement the railway company become the de jure as well as the de facto owners of the collieries.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN,\n\n### Enclosure 1 in No. 1\n\nActing Consul-General Willis to Sir J. Jordan.\n\n**(No. 27. Very Confidential.)**\nSir,\n\nMukden, May 31, 1911.\nI HAVE the honour to forward a translation of the Chinese text of the recently signed detailed agreement for the working of the Fushun and Yent'ai coal mines.\n\nThe document was shown me in strict confidence by Mr. Koiké, my Japanese colleague, who informed me that the terms of the agreement were being kept secret at the desire of the Chinese Government.\n\nThe agreement seems to me to be very favourable to the South Manchurian Railway Company.\n\nA royalty of 5 per cent. nominal on value at the pit's mouth is payable, but the value has been placed at 1 gold yen per ton. The export duty is fixed at 1 mace per ton, which is only half the duty the company have hitherto been paying on export from Dairen or Newchwang, and, as far as I am aware, less than is payable on similar concessions elsewhere in China.\n\nThe daily output of the mines is at present approximately 3,500 tons, and will reach between 5,000 and 6,000 tons within the next few months.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nR. WILLIS.\n\n### Enclosure 2 in No. 1\n\n#### Fushun and Yent'ai Mine Agreement\n\nTHE following are the conditions of the detailed agreement for the working of the Fushun and Yent'ai coal mines, arranged between representatives of China and Japan, who have been duly appointed by their respective Governments in accordance with clause 3 of the treaty regarding Manchurian affairs, signed at Peking on the 4th September, 1909 :----\n\n1. The South Manchurian Railway Company (hereinafter called the company) agrees to pay to the Chinese Government a tax of 5 per cent. ad valorem on the value at the pit's mouth of the gross output of the Fushun and Yent'ai mines (hereinafter ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 438574, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-391 - Acting Governor Claud Severn Governor Sir May - 1912 [7-8]", "page_number": 373, "title": "CO129-391 - Acting Governor Claud Severn Governor Sir May - 1912 [7-8]", "content_text": "Table II.\n\n1572\n\n364 Raw Persian Opium exported by different firms and to destination.\n\nJanuary to June 1712.\n\n \n Destination\n Exported by\n Chests\n Total Chests\n \n \n London\n Man Yick\nCK^ng Chow Wan\nTin Yuen Wo Kee\nYing Fat Yuen\nJ. Gourgey\nD. Sassoon & Co.,Ld.\nH. M. H. Nemazee\nKwong Hung Shing\nKung Wo Lung\n 64\n53\n20\n12\n81\n146\n4\n \n \n \n Mexico\n Yu Chong\nKwong Fuk Yuen\nLoong Cheong\n 11\n \n \n \n Dairen\n Mitsui Bussen Kaisha\n 0\n36\n 36\n \n \n Singapore\n I Mu\nH. M. H. Nemazee\nJ. Gould\nD. Sassoon & Co.,Ld.\nE. D. Sassoon & Co.\n () 50\n70\n \n \n \n Anzanillo\n Him Shun\nE. D. Sassoon & Co.\n 2\n \n \n \n Kushire\n Hansui\nH. M. H. Memazee\nOsaka Shosen Kaisha\nMitsui Bussan Kaisha\n 1\n7\n20\n(3)\n 250\n270\n610\n \n \n \n (6) Opium purchased from H. M. Nemazee\n \n \n \n \n \n E. D. Sassoon & Co. 6 chests.\nD. Sassoon & Co.Ld. F. P. Talati\n 20 chests.\n84\n \n \n \n \n (G) Opium owned by himself.\n(G) Opium purchased from H. M. H. Nemazee\n 83\n83\n \n \n\nPage 364\n\n \n...\n\nPage 364", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-391 - Acting Governor Claud Severn Governor Sir May - 1912 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440134, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 27, "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "26\n\n2\n\n2. Warn the exporter that the importation of these drugs into Hong Kong is forbidden.\n\nTrusting that this will sufficiently indicate the desire of this Government to co-operate with the Government of Hong Kong,\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nI avail, &c.\n\nDEVAWONGSE, Minister for Foreign Affairs.\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nC\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nCO4677\n\n(January 24 kmp 12\n\nSECTION 2.\n\nSir,\n\nConsul-General Reus to Colonial Secretary, Hong Kong.\n\nWITH reference to your letter of the 31st August, 1910, I have the honour to\n\nHong Kong, November 7, 1911.\n\ninform you that the Governor-General of Netherlands India by decree of the 23rd October, 1911, No. 67, has enacted that the colony of Hong Kong is a country to which, in accordance with the stipulations of article 1 of the Netherlands Indian Ordinance of the 26th August, 1911, No. 486, it is prohibited to export raw or prepared opium, morphine, compounds of opium, solids or liquids containing or being mixed with opium or morphine, cocaine, and a and B-eucaine and all other drugs, which as surrogates or morphine, as well as syringes or other instruments used for hypodermic injections with morphine and similar narcotics; the export, however, is allowed, if it appears from an official certificate that the articles to be exported may be imported in the country of destination.\n\nmay\n\nI have, &c.\n\nDE REUS.\n\n[3283]\n\n(No. 1.)\n\nSir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir C. MacDonald to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received January 24.)\n\nTokyo, January 1, 1912.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith copy of a despatch which I have received from His Majesty's acting consul at Dairen relative to regulations to be enforced from the 1st instant for the control of the opium traffic in his consular district.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nCLAUDE M. MACDONALD.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nActing Consul Horne to Sir C. MacDonald.\n\n(No 65.) Sir,\n\nDairen, December 23, 1911.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that from the 1st January next regulations for the\n\nNo ordinance on control of the opium traffic in this district will be enforced. the subject is to be issued by this Government-General, but I understand that the measures which will be adopted here are similar to those prescribed under the ordinance regulating the restriction of the sale of opium in Formosa. Permits available for a period of ten months may be obtained from the civil administration by habitual smokers who can produce certificates, signed by specially appointed medical practitioners, stating that opium is for them a necessity. The quantity of opium obtainable by holders of such permits will, except under special circumstances, be reduced by a tenth part monthly. But if on the expiration of the period covered by the original permit there still exist any proper reasons for the continuance of the use of the drug, the permit may be extended for a further six months, the quantity purchasable being steadily and proportionately decreased.\n\nPurchases and sales by licensed dealers will be rigidly supervised by Government officials, and any person or persons found guilty of illegal sale or consumption will be liable to imprisonment with hard labour for a period not exceeding three years.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nHUGH HORNE.\n\n[2340 aa-2]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 441068, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 404, "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "## Enclosure 7 in No. 1\n\n### Table I-Raw Persian Opium Imported by different Firms, January to June, 1912.\n\n### Table II-RAW Persian Opium Exported by different Firms and its Destination, January to June, 1912.\n\n| Months | Firms | Chests | Total Chests | Destination | Exported by | Chests | Total Chests |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| January | Kwong Chow Wan Man Yick | 62 | | London | Tin Yuen Wo Kee | 1 | |\n| | E. D. Sassoon and Co. | 1 | | | E. D. Sassoon and Co. | 16 | 64 |\n| | Ying Fat Yuen | 1 | 64 | | H. M. H. Nemazee | 22 | |\n| | | | | | J. Gourgey | 53 | |\n| | | | | | D. Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 12 | |\n| | | | | | H. M. H. Nemazee | 4 | |\n| February | D. Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 146 | | Salina Cruz | Kweng Hung Shing | 1 | 1 |\n| | E. D. Sassoon and Co. | 8 | | Mexico | D. Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 22 | 22 |\n| March | D. Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 11 | | Dairen | D. Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 33 | |\n| | E. D. Sassoon and Co. | 9 | | | H. M. H. Nemazee | 22 | 55 |\n| | H. M. H. Nemazee | 10 | 30 | Singapore | D. Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 40 | |\n| April | D. Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 21 | | | E. D. Sassoon and Co. | 6 | 46 |\n| | Osaka Shosen Kaisha | 1 | 22 | | Kung Wo Lang | ... | |\n| May | D. Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 20 | | India | H. M. H. Nemazee | 6 | 8 |\n| | H. M. H. Nemazee | 1 | 21 | Manzanillo | D. Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 2 | 230 |\n| June | D. Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 36* | | | E. D. Sassoon and Co. | ... | |\n| | Yu Chong | | 36 | Bushire | H. M. H. Nemazee | 7 | 7 |\n| | Kwong Fuk Yuen Loong Cheong | | | Tamsui | Osaka Shosen Kaisha | 20 | |\n| | Mitsui Bussan Kaisha | 1 | | | Mitsui Bussan Kaisha | 250 | 270 |\n| | Mu | | | | | | 610 |\n\n| Chests | | | | | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Opium purchased from H. M. H. Nemazee | E. D. Sassoon and Co. | 20 | # | 14 | 31 | ** | |\n| | D. Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 84 | \" | 17 | ** | | |\n| † Opium owned by himself | E. D. Sassoon and Co. | 83 | | 22 | 83 | | |\n| Opium purchased from H. M. H. Nemazee | D. Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 17 | ** | | | | |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 450638, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-416 - Public Offices - 1914", "page_number": 220, "title": "CO129-416 - Public Offices - 1914", "content_text": "(A arrear.\n\n7 ransacked on the 20th October by its republican guard, whose pay was considerably in arrears. In Lin Tse Hsien a riot occurred about the same time, owing to students destroying the gods in the city temple. Towards the end of November a mutiny took place in the Manchu garrison in Tsing-chou fu.\n\nOperations have been carried on against the robbers in the Tsaochoufu and Yenchoufu districts, and the governor now claims that brigandage has been practically suppressed in this part of the province. The most notorious of the leaders was seized and executed in December, but two others remain to be captured. The newspapers have recently given accounts of brigandage in the Wutingfu district, north of the Yellow River, which is usually free from such troubles.\n\nDisbandment of the troops is steadily proceeding, and is causing little trouble except for a mutiny at Chefoo in the beginning of January. This occurred on the 4th January, after nearly all the Manchurian troops had been paid off, and had handed over their arms to their commandant. A large number of them had gone on board the steamer, which was to take them to the north. Owing to some interference, and an attempt to deprive them of a portion of their pay, the troops returned to shore, rushed the arsenal, overcame the guard, possessed themselves of rifles and ammunition, and started to hold up the traffic on the streets. They were soon joined by others anxious for possible loot. A force of 2,000 lu chun and 200 sailors from the cruiser \"Haichi\" were soon under arms and patrolled the streets, taking special care to safeguard the foreign quarter. Order was restored on the following day, and the mutinous troops shipped off to Dairen. There is some apprehension, however, of further trouble, owing to the disagreements between the commanding officers. A Japanese man-of-war is lying off Chefoo to watch developments.\n\nIn Shantung, as elsewhere, the elections for the Peking Assembly are resolving themselves mainly into a contest between the Kung Ho Tang and the Kuo Min Tang, the latter of which seems to be the more strongly organised. The bulk of the population, however, are quite uninterested, and the number of voters is very small, the majority of the people being quite apathetic towards the new régime.\n\nChinkiang.\n\nRobberies by disbanded troops in the neighbourhood of Chinkiang seem to have continued intermittently throughout the past few months, but the authorities are doing what they can to maintain order. His Majesty's consul asked for and obtained a guard for the district where the missionaries chiefly live, and this measure has proved effective in preventing further robberies in that quarter. The general reduction in the number of cases of serious crime is credited to the action of one Yang Piao, battalion commander in the 64th regiment, formerly a village bully in Hupei, who has now acquired a great reputation as a merciless hunter of bad characters. He has made a number of important arrests from time to time, and the accused, disbanded soldiers or civilians, have been put to death. Colonel Yang executed the condemned in several cases with his own hand, using a revolver.\n\nThe operations against brigands in the Hsüchoufu country have evidently been of good effect, the district of Pei Hsien being now comparatively free from robbers, and merchants are resuming their normal business there. A party of disbanded soldiers, mostly Tsingkiangpu men, left Hsüchoufu about the end of December for Chinkiang. Thence they were moved on in boats towed by launches until, on arriving at Shaopo, they broke out and looted all the launch stations at that place. They eventually reached their destination without further trouble and dispersed.\n\nThe primary elections for the Provincial and National Assemblies took place in December. For the National Assembly, Chinkiang is the centre of the third district, which contains an electorate of 612,341. The primary elections were, here as elsewhere, accompanied by every kind of fraud and trickery, but without disorder. The Kuomintang were again the most active party.\n\nThe condition of the Grand Canal within Kiangsu province is worse than it has been for many years. Launch traffic on certain sections has been intermittent, and the movement of native boats impeded. His Majesty's consul at Chinkiang is endeavouring to rouse the local authorities to the seriousness of the matter.\n\nKiangsi.\n\nThe last quarter of 1912 passed, for the most part, uneventfully, as far as the province of Kiangsi was concerned. The flow of administrative reforms which\n\n216", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-416 - Public Offices - 1914.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 454587, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-422 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [5-6]", "page_number": 801, "title": "CO129-422 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [5-6]", "content_text": "## Code and Cypher Telegrams to the Secretary of State 791 from His Excellency the Governor.\n\n### 18th June\nCode `.DKONDNOM ROKA VOD` 59.\n\n### 21st\n1. Code \"ULEI „Dart, diss\" 40.\n2. Code 41.\n3. Code `1881 40 JOSLEN 65 8214 1000* çobbel' ne opje©FFO#*` 42.\n\n### 21st/22nd\n- Shipments of tin for week ended 17th June.\n- Requesting permission to export old copper and brass to Kobe.\n- Requesting instructions as to how the bills in connection with \"Rajaburi\" should be paid.\n- Requesting permission to export salpetre to Samarang.\n\n### 22nd\n- Examination of Jebsen's books shows that they made a profit in the piece goods and dye business.\n- Requesting permission to export tin to San Francisco.\n- Requesting permission to export lead to Saigon and Haiphong.\n\n### 22nd/23rd\n| Date | Code | Description |\n|------|------|-------------|\n| 43. 22nd | Code | |\n| 44. 23rd | Code | Requesting permission to export tin to Yokohama, Saigon and Haiphong. |\n| 45. 23rd | Code | A |\n| 46. 23rd | Code | Requesting permission to export old copper & copper wire to Haiphong and Kobe. |\n| 47. 23rd | Code | Requesting permission to export old zinc to Kobe. |\n\n### 24th\n- Requesting permission to export copper and brass kettles, bowls and trays to Siam and brass rings to Manila. (Code 48)\n- Requesting permission to export... (Code 49)\n\n### 24th/25th\n| Date | Code | Description |\n|------|------|-------------|\n| 30. 25th | Code | Shipment of antimony by Reiss & Co, to London. \"Paklat\" valued at £23,500. |\n| 31. 25th | Code | Requesting permission to export tin to New York. |\n\n### 26th/29th\n| Date | Code | Description |\n|------|------|-------------|\n| 33. 28th | Code | |\n| 29th | Code | Requesting permission to export tin to New York. (236) |\n| 29th | Code | Requesting permission to export tin to Dairen. |\n| 29th | Code | Requesting permission to export old zinc and spelter to Kobe and Osaka. (258) |\n| 29th | Code | Requesting permission to export old rubber to Kobe. |\n| 29th | Code | Requesting permission to export antimony to Kobe. |\n| 29th | Code | Requesting general authority to allow shipment of tin, spelter and allied products from Yunnan to Japan on certain conditions. |\n| 29th | Code | Requesting permission to export old brass and copper to Kobe. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-422 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [5-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 454603, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-422 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [5-6]", "page_number": 817, "title": "CO129-422 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [5-6]", "content_text": "## Translation of CODE Telegram\n\n**From:** GOVERNOR, HONGKONG\n**To:** SECRETARY OF STATE\n**Date:** 28th June, 1915\n\nMay I permit export of 73 piculs tin consigned to Kitsui Bussan Kaisha consignee South Manchurian Railway Co., Dairen.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-422 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [5-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 454744, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8]", "page_number": 137, "title": "CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8]", "content_text": "# Code and Cypher Telegrams from the Secretary of State to His Excellency the Governor.\n\n134 \n\n## Telegrams\n\n| Date | Code/Cypher | Telegram No. | Message |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 30th June | Code | 346 | Export of zinc to Kobe allowed |\n| 30th June | Code | 347 | Export of old brass and copper to Kobe allowed. Permission granted to Mr. Cheetham to accept the agency in Hongkong of the Texas Oil Co. |\n| 30th June | Code | 848/847 | Export of tin to Dairen allowed. |\n| 30th June | Code | 348 | Export of tin to New York allowed. |\n| 30th June | Code | 349 | Replying to Govr's telegram of 29th June requesting general permission to allow export of tin, spelter and allied products from Yunnan to Japan. |\n| 1st July | Code | 360/851 | Shipments of tin to New York and Marseilles allowed. Export of old brass and old zinc to Kobe allowed. |\n| 1st July | Code | 13:52/353 | Shipments of tin to New York and Marseilles allowed. |\n| 1st July | Code | 354 | ... |\n| 2nd July | Code | 356 | Export of old rubber to Kobe allowed. Export of explosives to Annam allowed. Shipment of tin to New York allowed. |\n| 2nd July | Code | 356 | ... |\n| 5th July | Code | 358 | ... |\n| 5th July | Code | 369 | General authority granted for shipment of Yunnan tin to Japan. |\n| 5th July | Cypher | 60/461 | All mails passing through Hongkong in which there may be found correspondence likely to be of assistance to the enemy to be censored. |\n| 6th July | Code | 362 | Shipment of hides from Hongkong to Amsterdam. |\n| 6th July | Code | $63/363 | Surplus assets of enemy business which have been wound up should be invested in British Government securities, (War Loan). |\n| 6th July | Code | 364 | Export of hides to Boston. As to types and average weight of each type. |\n| 8th July | Code | .../365 | Acceptance of Police services for the war. Certificate of origin to be required in case of transhipment for all ports other than British. |\n| 9th July | Code | 365 | Export of antimony to Japan. Inquiry as to what guarantees have been furnished as to disposal of metal in Japan. |\n\n## Metadata\nPage 134 \n\n08952 REC 20 AUG 15 544.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 454749, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8]", "page_number": 142, "title": "CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8]", "content_text": "# Translation of CODE Telegram\nFrom **SECRETARY OF STATE**.\nTo **GOVERNOR, HONGKONG**.\nDate **30th June, 1916**.\n\n347\n139\n\nYour telegram of 28th June. Tin for Dairen. No objection.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 455084, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8]", "page_number": 477, "title": "CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8]", "content_text": "# Translation of CODE Telegram\n## From GOVERNOR, HONGKONG\n## To SECRETARY OF STATE\n### Date 3rd August, 1915\n\n473\n\n| | |\n| --- | --- |\n| From | GOVERNOR, HONGKONG |\n| To | SECRETARY OF STATE |\n| Date | 3rd August, 1915 |\n\nFollowing tin exported in accordance with your instructions:\n- on board \"Taiyo Maru\" 26th July, 75 piculs consigned to South Manchurian Railway, Dairen.\n- on board \"Shinyo Maru\" 27th July, 5 tons to importers Selby Smelting & Lead Co., San Francisco, consignors Mitsui Bussan Kaisha.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 455259, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8]", "page_number": 652, "title": "CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8]", "content_text": "# Translation of CODE Telegram\nFrom **GOVERNOR, HONGKONG**.\nTo **SECRETARY OF STATE**.\nDate **13th August, 1915**.\n\nFollowing tin exported in accordance with your instructions:-\n75 piculs on board \"Yingchow\" August 7th consignor Furukawa consignee Manchurian Railway, Dairen; 5 tons on board \"Korea\" August 11th consignor Fung Tang importer Newhall, San Francisco.\n\nMay I permit export of 15 tons consignor Fung Tang importer Pacific Coast Condensed Milk Company, Seattle.\n\n**HAY**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 457167, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915", "page_number": 483, "title": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915", "content_text": "14\n\nto make the following comparison of increases of population in various parts of Japan's territory.\n\n1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 Year.\n\nINCREASE of Japanese Population from all Causes.\n\n \n Hokkaido\n Corea\n Formosa\n Kwantung Leased Territory\n \n \n 56,189\n ?\n 5,401\n 9,057\n \n \n 89,590\n ?\n 6,367\n 6,964\n \n \n 73,450\n 25,396\n 8,352\n 8,432\n \n \n 66,436\n 39,146\n 11,738\n 4,976\n \n \n 71,455\n 33,040\n ?\n ?\n \n\nIn order to gain some idea of the relative volume of immigration into these territories, in the following table are given estimates of net increase by immigration in each case.\n\nFor the Hokkaido, official figures are taken as being approximately correct. In the other cases the number is arrived at by subtracting from the total increase the expected increase by excess of births over deaths at the average rate for Japan (12.8 per 1,000) on the population of the preceding year. The table is for 1911, the latest year for which all figures are available.\n\nESTIMATED Net Increase by Immigration, 1911.\n\n \n \n Japanese population and of 1910\n Increase by immigration in 1911\n \n \n Hokkaido\n 1,610,545\n 47,854\n \n \n Formosa\n 98,048\n 10,483\n \n \n Corea\n 171,543\n 36,951\n \n \n Kwantung*\n 62,338\n 4,285\n \n\nThe total increase in 1908-11 in Kwantung leased territory is composed of 13,735 males and 15,694 females. This may throw some light on methods of colonisation in China, since a large excess of males would be normal.\n\nThe approximate total of the net immigration of Japanese into territories under Japanese jurisdiction is therefore about 100,000 per annum.\n\nCL\n\nThe official \"Résumé Statistique\" states that in 1911 the number of passports issued to Japanese travelling to foreign countries was 29,950. Of these 7,774 were classified as emigrants, and 12,287 as fishermen. (Most of the latter would return to Japan in the same year, at the close of the season.) Travellers are not legally obliged to be furnished with passports, but in practice, especially if of the emigrant class, find them necessary, owing to the police and other regulations. These figures should therefore not be seriously incorrect.\n\nThe chief destination of these persons were:-\n\n \n Russia (at least 12,000 fishermen, who return in autumn)\n 16,210\n \n \n United States\n 3,895\n \n \n Hawaii\n 2,950\n \n \n China\n 2,143\n \n \n Canada\n 865\n \n \n Philippines\n 651\n \n \n Peru\n 411\n \n \n Australia\n 386\n \n \n Straits Settlements\n 259\n \n\nto another.\n\n15\n\nIt is plain that there cannot be any question of the population of Japan increasing so fast as to overflow its boundaries. In the first place its population increases, if anything, at a rate, slightly less than that of the United Kingdom (Japan, 10.6 per 1,000, United Kingdom, 11.06 per 1,000). In the second, the Hokkaido, with a total area of nearly one-fourth of the entire area of Japan, supports only about one-fiftieth of her population. It is estimated that there are in the Hokkaido 1,500,000 acres suitable for cultivation still undeveloped, so that, so far as concerns extent of territory, there is no pressure to cause emigration abroad. It is true that conditions of life in the Hokkaido are not easy for immigrants, but they are no harder than in the northern prefectures, nor is the climate any severer than that with which, say, the early settlers in New England had to contend, It certainly is less trying than that of Manchuria. That it is healthy is proved by the vital statistics, which show that the birth rate is so high and the death rate so low that the increment in population is 24 per 1,000,-twice that of the rest of Japan.\n\nYet 22 per cent. of the number of immigrants arriving in 1912 are recorded as having left the island in that year, and that is roughly in proportion for previous years. Though, under the circumstances, it cannot be said that an average immigration of nearly 50,000 per annum is small, it is difficult to escape the conclusion that at present the Japanese people are neither suited nor inclined to immigration on a large scale. They are, for one thing, at the mercy of their national diet. Even in the Hokkaido the amount of land under rice cultivation increases yearly, and every two or three years comes a bad crop, ruined by early frosts, with consequent famine and distress, as in 1913, with the result that in 1914 immigration figures dropped to 14,000.\n\nA meat and wheat-eating population would stand in no such danger. His Majesty's consul at Dairen informs me that even in that district the amount of land under rice is increasing. With regard to the Hokkaido, it is interesting to recall that Horace Capron, the adviser of the Hokkaido Development Commission in 1871-4, always contended \"that to ensure a healthy and vigorous development of the island it is necessary to change the habits and food of its present and prospective population; that it is folly to attempt a forced settlement depending on the rice of Nippon as their principal food.\" He maintained always that what the island really needed was white colonists, and this though he admired many Japanese characteristics.\n\nIt almost seems that the possible Japanese contribution to the development of any territory is at present confined to cheap labour. As an instance of this, one may mention that, among the chief sources of income of the Hokkaido is an annual sum of 300,000 derived from outside its boundaries from the salmon fisheries of Kamchatka, which are worked almost entirely by Japanese labour, and, it must be added, far more efficiently than could be done by Russian fishermen.\n\nG. B. S.\n\n476\n\nIt must of course be remembered that emigration to Australia, Canada, and the United States is restricted.\n\nIt is difficult to draw general conclusions from such statistics as the above; but defective as they are, they do seem to show that the volume of emigration from Japan, even to countries where admission is unrestricted, is so small that there cannot be any truth in the statement so often heard that population is pressing on the limits of territory or subsistence. In the year for which statistics are cited above, about 130,300 Japanese left the main island for the Hokkaido, Japanese possessions, and all parts of the world. In the same year the number of emigrants from the United Kingdom was 454,527. Of the 130,000 Japanese emigrants, 100,000 went to Japanese territory. About half of these did no more than migrate from one part of Japan to another.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 457724, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-427 - Public Offices - 1915", "page_number": 466, "title": "CO129-427 - Public Offices - 1915", "content_text": "400\n\nFILS ONLY,\n\nDecypher. Sir C. Greene (Tokio). October 1st.\n\nD. 6 p.m., October 1st 1915.\n\nR. 2 p.m., October 2nd 1915.\n\nNo. 380.\n\nSecret.\n\nMy telegram No. 377.\n\nVice Minister for Foreign Affairs tells me that instructions have been sent by telegraph to Japanese Consul at Mukden to endeavour to \"seize\" Bhagwan and ascertain if possible truth as to his alleged communications with German Consulate. If evidence is forthcoming Bhagwan is to be tried locally by Japanese authorities on the charge of injuring interests of Japan and will be punished by Japanese law if found guilty. If evidence is not sufficient Bhagwan will be sent to Kuantung Government with instructions to latter to place him on board a South-Manchurian railway Steamer from Dairen(?) to Shanghai. Vice Minister promises to inform me of result in either event. I presume you will give necessary instructions to His Majesty's Consul-General at Shanghai to act on receipt of telegram from me announcing Bhagwan's departure.\n\nSent to India.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-427 - Public Offices - 1915.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 458209, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915", "page_number": 302, "title": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915", "content_text": "Sele\n\nTAS\n\n*TA DYOWNKER\n\n13\n\nCOEPTIT.\n\nsaj\n\nLading\n\nMarks\n\n51.\n\n90\n\n72\n\nNumbers\n\n1/40\n\nPackages\n\n40 pairs\n\nContents\n\nWheels & Axles\n\nti ax Destination.\n\nSOOD\n\nhube\n\nKobe T\n\nA\n\nG\n\n44.\n\nDR\n\nK\n\n12\n\n1 case\n\nP/effects\n\nYokohama\n\nYoko\n\n47.\n\nYoko 59\n\n62\n\n=\n\n2345 H\n\nW\n\n13/16 7312/15\n\n4 cases\n\nWire cloth\n\nYokohama\n\n13.\n\n90\n\n22\n\n=\n\nDalny\n\n1/32\n\n1/170\n\n63\n\nT\n\n165\n\n32 packages\n\n170 packages\n\n1 case\n\nWheels on axles\n\nTyres\n\nSamples\n\nDairen\n\nKobe\n\n298\n\nCP\n\n\"\n\n-22695-\n\n1/5\n\n5 cases\n\n20\n\nAT C\n\n3\n\n1 case\n\n51\n\nA\n\nC\n\n1\n\n1 case\n\nDrugs\n\nClocks\n\nClothing\n\nManila\n\nYokohama\n\n445\n\n72\n\nT H\n\n1/2\n\n2 Els\n\nCarpets\n\nKobe\n\nT\n\n5710/34\n\n25 cases\n\nCondensed Milk\n\nDalny\n\n32.\n\n597 $ B\n\nT\n\n9/13\n\n38\n\n-299-\n\n7090/7109\n\n20 Bls\n\nPaper\n\nIv'r.\n\nled.\n\nrlt\n\n0.\n\nH\n\nDalny\n\n53.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460298, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 431, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "428\n\nHeadquarters of Commercial Attaché in China.\n\nThe \"Open door\" in Manchuria.\n\nXVI.\n\nof their failure, retained. The General Committee considered that the first necessity in dealing with such a situation, should it arise, was that all nationalities at present owning postal agencies in China should be unanimous on the subject, before any action or recommendation was possible. In the present circumstances, it is not possible to consult Germany, and the question may therefore very well be postponed. Interesting correspondence has passed on the subject, but it is considered inadvisable to publish it.\n\nThis question has for some years been the subject of discussion between the Association and the Authorities. In May, 1914, Sir John Jordan, answering a letter from the Shanghai Branch, in a lengthy Memorandum carefully reviewed and criticised the suggestions made, to which, in due course, the Shanghai Branch replied. The whole of the correspondence is most interesting, but being confidential, cannot be included in the Appendix. The movement throughout this country in the early months of the war to capture certain trades which had hitherto been in the hands of the Germans was considered by the Committee an opportune moment to make certain suggestions to the Foreign Office having the same end in view in China. Accordingly, as the work and duties of the office had become so multifarious as to be beyond the scope of one Attaché, the Association ventured to recommend the appointment of three Assistants, whose headquarters should be at Tientsin, Shanghai, and Canton respectively, the Commercial Attaché himself residing at Peking, and having the services of a Chinese subordinate. In offering these suggestions, the Committee emphasised the opinion that a thorough knowledge of the Chinese language and some experience of commercial affairs were indispensable. These recommendations were made in October (v. pages 61/62 in the Appendix), and we understand that so far only one additional appointment has been made.\n\nThe attention of the Committee has again been called to the preferential treatment of Japanese goods entering Manchuria via Dairen and Antung. Representations have accordingly been made to the Foreign Office on the subject, and it is satisfactory to note, from information given in reply to a question in the House of Commons on the 10th March, that the Japanese Government have promised to grant the same privileges to goods from foreign countries as are accorded to Japanese merchandise. Correspondence will be found on Pages 21/37 in the Appendix.\n\nXVII.\n\nChinese Piracy in China on British as well as Chinese vessels, particularly on the West River, Waters, gave rise to much uneasiness in Hongkong and was followed by a demand for stern measures of repression. So serious did the outbreaks become that it was even urged, since the haunts of the pirates were quite well known to the native authorities at Canton, that they should be pressed to exterminate whole villages in which they lived. The Committee, without being able to endorse so drastic a recommendation, recognised that the time had come for the adoption of such measures as would make further attacks a question not alone of extreme difficulty but of real peril to the pirates. The trouble was to suggest means which could be compassed without the expenditure of too great an outlay or the utilization of too many patrol boats, which it was believed the Navy would not be inclined to lend. In the scheme recommended by the Committee, the system of patrols for steamers engaged upon the Hongkong-Canton service between Cap-shui-mun and Whampoa and the reverse, and for those engaged in the West River service, between Cap-shui-mun and Wang-mun and the reverse, was made in consultation with Captain Clarke, whose local experience enabled him to suggest practical steps to deal with this dangerous state of affairs. Further details will be found at pages 13/20 of the Appendix; it should be added that the outbreak of War in Europe precluded the use of British patrol boats, but the Chinese authorities, in a scheme communicated to H.M. Minister, proposed certain measures to cope with the situation, which must be judged adequate since, so far as we know, no recrudescence of piracy has been reported.\n\nThe new Order in Council will go a long way to remedy an anomalous state of affairs under which aliens have hitherto been in a position to register companies as British undertakings, while none of their officers were in China amenable to British jurisdiction.\n\nRates. Telegraph\n\nThis question, which arose entirely owing to restrictions found necessary by the war, resulted in considerable correspondence, a material portion of which will be found at pages 38/49 of the Appendix.\n\nPerusal of the letters will at once demonstrate that the Committee spared no pains in an endeavour to suggest remedies for the mitigation of restrictions which were handicapping trade with the Far East. That they were not more successful is regrettable; but must be set down to the exigencies of the war.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460313, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 446, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "Page 20\n\nForeign Office to China Association,\n\nForeign Office,\n\nJune 11th, 1914.\n\nSIR,\n\nI am directed by Secretary Sir E. Grey to inform you that a copy of your letter of the 3rd instant, on the subject of piracy in Southern Chinese waters, has been forwarded to His Majesty's Minister at Peking.\n\nThe Chairman,\n\nChina Association,\n\n159, Cannon Street, E.C.\n\nI am, &c.,\n\n(Signed) W. LANGLEY.\n\nJAPANESE PREFERENCE IN MANCHURIA,\n\nForeign Office to China Association.\n\nForeign Office,\n\nNovember 2nd, 1914.\n\nWith reference to the letter from this office of the 11th June last, regarding the suppression of piracy in Southern Chinese waters, I am directed by Secretary Sir E. Grey to inform you that a despatch has been received from His Majesty's Minister at Peking forwarding a report by His Majesty's Consul-General at Canton on the measures taken by the Chinese authorities, in the absence of foreign war vessels, to maintain order.\n\nMr. Jamieson states that the general outline of the arrangements is as follows:-\n\n1. Between Lintin and Wangmoon (open waters) the Haishin relief ship \"Kuanghai,\" an armed transport, and two ocean-going destroyers.\n\n2. A military post of one hundred and twenty men, to be stationed on shore in proximity to what the Intelligence Department have discovered to be pirate lairs and to co-operate with the Navy.\n\n3. Between Wangmoon and Kongmoon a large destroyer and subsidiary craft for patrol duty.\n\n4. Various subsidiary craft for the delta and East and North Rivers.\n\nThe total number of vessels to be employed on the inland waters is seventy-two; many of these, however, will first have to be overhauled and repaired.\n\nThere are indications of a local rising on the Lien River, an affluent of the North River, and troops have been despatched to deal with it.\n\nA special contingent of police one hundred and twenty men has been detailed to prevent any movement against Shameen.\n\nThe Secretary,\n\nChina Association.\n\nI am, &c.,\n\n(Signed) W. LANGLEY.\n\nDEAR SIR,\n\nNewchwang,\n\n27th March, 1914.\n\nWith reference to your official letter of 25/11/10, re smuggling of goods into Manchuria via Japanese South Manchuria Railway through the Kwantung Leased Territory, and my reply of 23/1/11, I enclose copy of the Manchuria Daily News of 24th instant which contains an article on page 2, column 4, embodying information which, if correct, is rather interesting.\n\nH. C. Wilcox, Esq.,\n\nYours, &c.,\n\n(Signed)\n\nSecretary, China Association, London.\n\nPROPOSED LIMITATION OF FREE PORT ZONE AT DAIREN.\n\nExtract from The Manchuria Daily News, 24th March, 1914.\n\nThe proposed limitation of the free port zone at Dairen, against which the Daizen residents seem united, will have no concern with goods destined to points outside the Kwantung Leased Territory, since they are now being taxed. The same thing may be said of the transhipment trade. For, part of the Dairen Wharf compound is to be set aside as the free port zone, and cargoes discharged on this zone are exempted from duties. They may be re-exported to Tientsin, or any Shantung port duty free.\n\nA difference will come in\n\nPage 443", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460314, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 447, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "22\n\nwhen the goods in question are to be removed to warehouses outside the free port zone. a matter of form, and will The import duties thereon will have to be paid, but this is only not affect the importers' pockets. In case of the same goods being re-exported, the Dairen Custom House is prepared to issue certificates which will entitle the consignors to land the It may be easily arranged also to re-export cargoes duty-free at the port of destination. refund as drawbacks the import duties already paid on the cargoes to the Dairen Customs at the time of the first import. Then the much talked of question of smuggling goods over the boundary line of the Kwantung Leased Territory interests the Japanese very little. It is the Chinese who reap the ill-gotten profit. Taking Cotton Cloths for instance, $15 tons, viz., 150,000 rolls, of them a year are sent by railway as far as Pulantien, where the Chinese By dealers buy the goods from the Japanese and smuggle them beyond the boundary line. reason of the smuggling operations thus going on in defiance of the Law, the Chinese have the advantage of being able to quote lower prices than the Japanese, who honestly pay the duties. So much business is being lost to the Japanese in the interior.\n\nAs a free port, jewelry, precious metals, and such like are much cheaper in the Kwantung Leased Territory than in Japan. This circumstance is openly taken advantage of by people visiting Japan. These treasures may easily be carried in good quantities in the pockets, and their total value must run up to an enormous amount. So much the interests of the jewellers at home are encroached upon and also the Customs revenue in Japan.\n\nReverting to the necessaries such as rice and flour, building materials for public institutions like hospitals, schools etc., together with machinery, implements, etc., for factories, these are to remain duty free. Miso and soy are now produced in the Leased Territory enough to meet all possible demands. Therefore, the fear of seeing prices rise in the wake of the proposed limitation of the free port zone is much exaggerated and may be called illusory.\n\nOn the other hand, the rebate to be derived by the Kwantung Government as its share of the Customs duties may enable it to do away with the business and miscellaneous taxes and probably also the sanitary rates.\n\nIn the correspondence which follows a portion has been \"edited,\" and one or two letters wholly omitted because of their confidential nature, but what remains will be found of much interest and well worthy of attention.\n\n23\n\nregarding the formation of an Association termed the Japanese Cotton Exporters' Association. This Association you will notice has been formed to preserve and improve the quality of Japanese cotton, yarn and tissues, to improve the packing, to reform dishonest trading in Manchuria, to extend the market and to do away with excessive competition.\n\nYou will notice that it is stated in the confidential letter of April 20th that the Japanese Cotton Exporters' Association had addressed an application to the Railway Board in Tokio for a special rebate of one and a half yen per ton on the railway freight, while in the later letter of May 9th, it is stated that the agreement between the Association and the Railway Board for a special rebate has been abandoned. On the other hand, in the cutting from the Manchuria Daily News of the 19th June, it is stated in comparing the transportation rates between Osaka and Dairen, and Osaka and Antung, via Chosen, that account has been taken of the reduced Customs duties at Antung, and the rebate offered by both the Imperial Government Railways and the Chosen Railway to the Members of the Japanese Cotton Exporters' Association.\n\nIt is certain, however, that there was some friction between the Railway Board and the South Manchuria Railway Co.; the former urging no rebate on goods introduced to Manchuria by the latter's Dairen-Yinkow line.\n\nThe South Manchuria Railway Co. took the next move and notified a special rebate on all goods transported on the Dairen-Yinkow line in direct opposition to the Railway Board. What influence has been brought to bear since May 11th it is impossible to know, but from Moukden, under date of the 24th June, I learn that the reduction on all goods made by the S. M. R. Co. was to be withdrawn as from the 1st instant, and that the reduction in future will only be made on goods coming from Japan on through Bills of Lading to points north of Moukden.\n\nFrom the foregoing and the enclosures you will see that the question becomes one of preferential treatment in favour of Japanese goods, and a gross violation of the policy of the open door and equal opportunity so often declared and advocated by Japan.\n\nAsking the careful consideration of the London Committee to the foregoing,\n\nDEAR SIR,\n\nChina Association, Shanghai, to General Committee.\n\nChina Association,\n\nShanghai, 4th July, 1914.\n\nI beg to enclose several newspaper cuttings and other matter relating to railway freight on goods destined for Manchuria from Japanese Ports, and also information\n\nI am, &c.,\n\nH. C. Wilcox, Esq.\n\n(Signed) L. E. CANNING,\n\nSecretary, China Association, London,\n\nSecretary.\n\n444", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460315, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 448, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "24\n\nExtract from Manchuria Daily News of the 1st May, 1914.\n\nREDUCED FREIGHT RATES FOR SPECIFIC THROUGH GOODS.\n\nOn Mukden-Antung Line,\n\nThe question pivoting upon the reduced freight rates for the specific through goods on the Mukden-Antung Line has had a denouement of the gravest character.\n\nAs noticed in our yesterday's issue, Dr. R. Nomura (President of the S.M. R. Co.) now in Tokyo, withdrew on Wednesday the application to sanction the proposed reduction of railway rates from Dairen and from Yingkou simultaneously with the introduction of the new freight tariffs for the specific through imports from Japan over the Mukden-Antung Line. Later advices explain that, upon the withdrawal of this application, another application to postpone the operation of the new reduced rates on the Mukden-Antung Line, which was to take effect on this date, was filed by President Nomura, but to our disappointment, it was also refused by the Imperial Government Railways. It is now evident that, whilst the Central Government means in good earnest on one hand to give effect to the reduced through freight rates on the Mukden-Antung Line on this date according to the settled arrangement, it coolly denies the S.M.R. Co. the very same condition on which the Company gave its consent to the Mukden-Antung Line proposition.\n\nWe may give two interpretations to this strange course of action on the part of the Imperial Government Railways.\n\nIt may be ascribed either to the assumption of dictatorial authority over the S.M.R. Co. by the Supervisor of the S.M.R. Co., which post had been held by Mr. S. Furukawa (Vice-President of the Imperial Government Railways) till yesterday, on which day he was superseded by Mr. S. Nakanishi (Director of the same Railways); or to the conscious breach of the engagement made with the S.M.R. Co.\n\nIn case of either of the two interpretations being the motive that prompted the Supervisor in his strange step, the consequences would be equally disastrous to the S.M.R. Co.\n\nIn the former case, it would practically mean depriving the Company of its own voice, even in questions of the most vital interests, as the present issue under notice is. In other words, it would spell the abrogation of the Company's autonomy. Supposing that it may some day please the fancy of the Supervisor to shift the Head Office of the Railway Company from Dairen to Mukden, the Company would be compelled to do the bidding, no matter what sacrifices it may have to embrace. The Company, with its enormous financial assets, has hitherto been looked up to by the Japanese in South Manchuria as the mainspring of their economical activities. But if the above interpretation should be correct, its glory\n\n25\n\nwould be a mere memory of the past, and it would be relegated to a puppet on the palm of the Supervisor.\n\nOutsiders may be naturally curious to know what an important personage this Supervisor is. The sudden change of the incumbent at this psychological moment seems significant. What made the change advisable is more than we can conjecture. But the fact remains that this post, which is invested with authority over the S.M.R. Co., has been taken off from the Vice-President and assigned to a Director of the Imperial Government Railways. What can have actuated the Government is still another mystery to us.\n\nIn the latter case, what must be the state of mind of one who is expected to wait on the caprices of a master who has not the least scruple in deliberately breaking promises?\n\nBoth ways of interpreting the unaccountable position of the Central Government, as above-mentioned, sound so incredible and so unbecoming of the Central Government that a level-headed observer will be led to look for the true motive in some other quarters.\n\nCan it be possible that the body of political influence which the retired members of the S.M.R. Co. represented has been at active work as a Nemesis to the new Directorate of the Company?\n\nAt all events, it remains undisputed that the S.M.R. Co. does not belong to any political organization, but to the whole of the Japanese nation by rights, and that the great mission of the Company should never be suffered to be hampered or retarded by any political organization or organizations which are ready to adopt any questionable means to serve their selfish ambition.\n\nThe question at issue is a purely domestic one, which may be considered as outside the province of this journal. But we constitute ourselves a friend and sympathizer of justice and righteousness, and when any individual or organization of whatever nationality, however powerful it may be, dares to trample upon the just and righteous, nothing in the world can muzzle us to stifle our cry against any such iniquity.\n\nPROGRESS OF THE QUESTION EXPLAINED.\n\nMr. N. Inuzuka and Mr. K. Tsukuda (Directors of the S.M.R. Co.) asked the prominent members of the Dairen Business Men's Association and the Dairen Residents' Council to come to the General Offices this morning, when the force of circumstances leading to the introduction of the reduced railway rates for the specific through imports over the Mukden-Antung Line only was explained, and the Company's plans on how to make the best of the awkward developments of the situation were unfolded.\n\n445", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460316, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 449, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "Extract from the Manchuria Daily News of the 2nd May, 1914.\n\nREDUCED RATES FOR SPECIFIC THROUGH GOODS.\n\nOn Mukden-Antung Line.\n\nWe are definitely informed that the Chosen Railway Administration, with the support of Gov.-Gen. Viscount Terauchi, has been \"pulling wires\" in obstructing the demand of the S.M.R. Co., to have the essential condition originally agreed upon fulfilled, viz., to have the reduced freight rates over the Mukden-Antung Line extended to the two other routes. The Imperial Government Railways authorities, inclusive of the Supervisor of the S.M.R. Co., were willing enough to be reasonable towards the S.M.R. Co., whose claims were strictly tenable, but they were compelled to act against their own judgment through the strong pressure of the Chosen Railway people. The Chosen authorities proposed impossible terms as a compromise, as transmitted by the Imperial Government Railways to the S.M.R. Co., and noticed in our issue of the 29th ult. These terms were that a reduction of the railway freights on through goods for direct transportation over the two import routes via Dairen and via Yingkou from Osaka and Kobe to Mukden, Tiehling, Changchun, &c., would be permitted to the extent of 20 per cent., but that in return therefor the railway tariffs for local operation should be raised by 10 per cent. Between the lines of this counter-proposition the true motive of the Chosen authorities is writ in letters of fire.\n\nFirstly, as pointed out in our issue of the 30th ult. in the article under the heading \"Japanese Cotton Exporters' Association,\" the rate of reduction for the Mukden-Antung Line is about 40 per cent., against which a reduction of only 20 per cent. is offered for the two other import routes via Dairen and via Yingkou. It must be remembered that, as far as the railway and ferry services between Osaka and Kobe and Antung are concerned, the Chosen Railway, conjointly with the Imperial Government Railways, allow to the members the Japanese Cotton Exporters' Association the further reduction of Y1 per ton on the freights for Cotton Cloths and Yarn in addition to a rebate of Y1.90 per ton in case of the aggregate annual consignments of the Association exceeding the minimum tonnage of 5,000 tons. The importers via the Chosen route would thus enjoy the dual advantage in the shape of the cheaper freight and rebate amounting to Y2.50 per ton over the Japanese and Chosen lines, and a gain of about 20 per cent. in the freights over the Mukden-Antung Line compared with the other two import routes from Dairen and Yingkou. With such handicaps encumbering the importers interested in the Dairen and Yingkou routes, how could they hope to compete with any chances of success with their rivals utilising the Chosen route, who, on top of all these, have in their favour the Customs duties at Antung by one third reduction? It would be safe to say that the niggardly reduction of 20 per cent. would have no appreciable effect to prevent the diversion of goods to the Chosen route, The ports of Dairen and Yingkou would be divested of their legitimate portions of the import trade with Japan.\n\nSecondly, the compromise scheme restricts the goods to through imports for direct transportation from Osaka and Kobe to Mukden, Tiehling and Changchun, whilst the list of the stations of destination in the agreement with the Japanese Cotton Exporters' Association includes, besides the above-mentioned three, the following seven stations on other than the Mukden-Antung Line :- Kaiyuan, Ssupingkai, Kuochiatien, Kungchuling, Fanchiatun, Fushun and Liaoyang. As to the stations of despatch in Japan, in addition to Kobe and Osaka, named as the only ones for the Dairen and Yingkou routes, there are the following fourteen :-- Nagoya, Yokkaichi, Kuwana, Tsu, Akagi, Ichinomiya, Okayama, Tamashima, Kashiwabara, Handa, Hamamatsu, Shimbashi, Moji, and Hakata.\n\nThe deletion of Moji, the most important intermediate port of call, in particular, from the ports of despatch for the Dairen and Yingkou routes would make a serious difference.\n\nThese restrictions are not all that make against Dairen and Yingkou.\n\nIt being limited to through goods for direct transportation, both Dairen and Yingkou would serve to these goods as nothing more than ports of transit, which contingency would deprive the importers of both ports of so much business.\n\nThis would cost the prosperity of Dairen and Yingkou dearly.\n\nIt was for this very reason that the S.M.R. management stuck to its original contention that a reduction at a similar rate to the new rates for the Mukden-Antung Line should be allowed for import goods which pass into the interior of Manchuria via Dairen as a port of transhipment.\n\nThirdly, in consideration of the niggardly \"concession,\" which in fact amounts to only partial fulfilment of the original engagement, a 10 per cent. rise of the railway tariffs for local operation was demanded.\n\nThis gave the \"whole show\" away. What rational connection could this proposition have with the main point at issue, except for heaping upon the head of the S.M.R. Co. management the execrations of the people of Dairen and Yingkou and all the other trade centres along the S.M.R. lines for its abject imbecility in submitting to so outrageous a dictate of the Imperial Government Railways as the above-mentioned terms are, and also for increasing the burden of the local clients of the S.M. Railway and blocking the growth of trade, as if the management had not already done enough to work the ruin of the Japanese settlers in South Manchuria other than interested in the import trade via the Chosen route?\n\nWhen it is called to mind that all these preposterous conditions were advanced by the Chosen Railway authorities and the Imperial Government Railways were used as a mere scapegoat and mouthpiece, what are the ulterior objects of the Chosen Railway authorities will be plain as daylight. At the same time what dominant influence is wielded by the Chosen Railway over the Imperial Government Railways will be also apparent as well as the sad fall of the status of the S.M.R. Co.\n\nPage 446", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460317, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 450, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "28 \n\nCan the Central Government and A few curious questions suggest themselves to us. the Japanese people expect the S.M.R. Co., which is thus forced to wait upon the whims of the Chosen Railway authorities, to carry out the great mission entrusted to the Company by the nation? Will the Railway Company, however ably and efficiently it may be managed, be able to float debentures, when it may wish to do so in future, on any foreign market on as favourable terms as on the previous occasions? \n\nLAST RECOURSE OF CHOSEN RAILWAY PEOPLE. \n\nLater advices from Tokyo state that the operation of the reduced freights on the Mukden-Antung Line from yesterday has been restricted to the consignments of the Japanese Cotton Exporters' Association, that is, to Cotton Cloths and Yarn, and that since the original scheme of introducing the reduced rates on the specific through imports from Japan was set aside, the S.M.R. Co. could press the Imperial Government Railways no further to sanction the extension of the same to the two other import routes via Dairen and via Yingkou. \n\nSuch a report sounds to us decidedly irrational. As previously stated, the S.M.R. Co. has had nothing whatever to do with the Japanese Cotton Exporters' Association from the outset. What special privileges the Association have acquired have been accorded by the Imperial Government Railways and the Chosen Railway only. The only special treatment the S.M.R Co. was ready to extend to the Association was the application of the stipulated reduced rates for the specific through imports to its consignments of Cotton Cloths and Yarn, which are included in the list of the specific through imports. This special treatment for the consignments of the Association is naturally conditional upon the introduction of the stipulated reduced rates for the specific through imports. If the report that the operation of the reduced rates for the specific through imports was set aside should be true, the Railway Company may, with good reason, decline to accord the application of the same to the consignments of the Association. \n\nThis last phase of the developments of the issue further lays bare with what excessive zeal the Chosen Railway authorities are striving to put through their cherished selfish scheme. \n\nA RAY OF HOPE. \n\nA gleam of hope seems to have appeared for the happy solution of this question of such weighty significance to the S.M.R. Co. and the Japanese inhabitants in South Manchuria. \n\nAlthough no official confirmation has yet reached the S.M.R. Co., the Central Government is said to have come forward to interfere in the question, and as the result, the operation of the reduced rates for the specific through imports over the Mukden-Antung Line from yesterday has been suspended, and that the Government further instructed the Government Railways to refuse the sanction of the working of the Japanese Cotton Exporters' Association. \n\nWe hope and trust that these reports will come true as there can be no other proper way of solving this question. \n\n29 \n\nGOV.-GEN. BARON FUKUSHIMA'S CONCERN. \n\nAt yesterday's interview held at the S.M.R. Co. General Offices between the Directors of the Railway Company and the representatives of the Dairen Businessmen's Association and the Dairen Residents' Council, Mr. Kurozaki, Director of General Affairs of the Kwantung Government, was present under orders of Gov.-Gen. Baron Fukushima. According to this official, the Governor-General was seriously concerned about the ominous drift the question of the reduced freight rates over the Mukden-Antung Line was taking and instructed Civil Governor Shirani, then in Tokyo, time and again to exert himself to the end of carrying the just claims of the S.M.R. Co. \n\nDAIREN BUSINESSMEN'S ASSOCIATION AND DAIREN RESIDENTS' COUNCIL. \n\nThe assemblage, after listening to the explanation of the progress of the question by Mr. N. Inuzuka, Director of the Railway Company, offered a vote of thanks to the Company's Directorate for the ability, tact, and thoroughness with which it had dealt with the question in the interest of the Japanese in South Manchuria. \n\nThe Dairen Businessmen's Association held a committee meeting last evening to outline its line of action against the unfair course adopted by the Imperial Government Railways, \n\nThe Dairen Residents' Council held a similar meeting yesterday afternoon. As the result, the Committee was entrusted with the engineering of the plan of the Council. \n\nExtract from Manchuria Daily News of 4th May, 1914. REDUCED RATES FOR SPECIFIC THROUGH GOODS ON MUKDEN-ANTUNG LINE. \n\nJAPANESE COTTON EXPORTERS' ASSOCIATION. \n\nThe report that the sanction given to the establishment of the Japanese Cotton Dealers' Association by the Imperial Government Railways has been rescinded is confirmed. This rescission took place on the 28th ult., on which date an official agreement was to be signed between the Imperial Government Railways and the Association. \n\nREDUCED RATES FOR SPECIFIC THROUGH IMPORTS. No confirmation of the rumour that the operation of the reduced rates for the specific through imports over the Mukden-Antung Line from the 1st inst. was suspended through \n\nPage 450\nPage 451", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460318, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 451, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "30\n\nthe interference of the Central Government is yet to hand to the best of our knowledge. However, it is learned for certain that the new reduced rates for the specific through imports even over the Imperial Government Railways or the Chosen Railway have not yet taken effect for some reason.\n\nA QUESTION OF FAIRPLAY.\n\nNotwithstanding the rampancy of false interpretations put on this important question, even by some of the leading Tokyo journals, there is no denying the fact that on the chessboard of this game the S. M.R, Co. has played fairly and honourably throughout from the start, and that the Company has never been guilty of a false or even mediocre move. In a few words the Company has played the game with a masterly hand that has completely baffled its antagonists at every move.\n\nTo cite one conspicuous instance, the Chosen Railway authorities, who are the prime movers of this proposition, having in ultimate view the booming of the import route via Chosen at the expense of the two other routes via Dairen and via Newchwang, their acceptance of the S.M.R. Co.'s proposition to extend the reduction of freights at a similar rate to import goods which pass into the interior of Manchuria via Dairen and also via Yingkou as ports of transhipment has frustrated their very object in view. For, what changes that are to ensue from the operation of the new reduced rates would only reduce the annual earnings of the S.M.R. Co. by a paltry sum of not quite Y 150,000, but would do nothing whatever to place the import route via Chosen at an advantage over the two other import routes. The moment the Chosen Railway embraced the S.M.R. Co.'s proposition, their labours expended upon this fond scheme of theirs were utterly lost, and they have nobody but themselves to blame for this.\n\n31\n\nRailway Board, the directors of the South Manchuria Railway Company have not only downed the project of the Government authorities, but have decided to resort to an aggressive attitude, with the object, no doubt, of ascertaining whether they or the Government are to dictate the business policy of the line. As a result, the Company has now informed those interested that, on and after May 11th, a special rebate will be allowed on the freight charges on all goods transported on the Dairen-Yinkou line. In making this announcement the Company states that it considers it is necessary prior to the enforcement of the new project, to inform the Governor-General of Kwantung leased territory, and that it will notify the authorities of the Railway Board when it is convenient. The Railway Board, on learning of the matter from another source, at once instituted inquiries, and found to its consternation that the report was only too true.\n\nIt is now stated that the higher officials of the Railway Board, who have long laboured under the delusion that the South Manchuria Railway Company is directly under their control, have received a severe shock, and are now deliberating as to steps to be taken in the future. These authorities state that if such a precedent is established the Government will experience considerable difficulty in enforcing its own policy on various other lines which are more or less under Government control. It will be extremely interesting to follow the progress of this Government attempt to oust foreign trade from territory which is regarded as within the sphere of Japanese influence.\n\nTHE \"OPEN DOOR\" IN MANCHURIA.\n\nGOVERNMENT AND SOUTH MANCHURIAN RAILWAY AT VARIANCE.\n\nAs already reported, the authorities of the Railway Board some time ago attempted to persuade the South Manchuria Railway to agree to the adoption of a rebate system on all Japanese goods transported to Manchuria via the Antung-Mukden line. The object of this proposal was avowedly to exclude as far as possible the import of foreign goods into Manchuria, and to this end the Central authorities urged the South Manchuria Railway Co. to agree also not to allow any rebate on goods introduced to Manchuria by that Company's Dairen-Yinkou line, this being the line used by most of the foreigners who export goods to what is, at present at all events, Chinese territory. Unfortunately, at least for the Central authorities, the officials of the South Manchuria Railway Company apparently could not regard the matter in the same sentimental light, but as a business concern thought more of the business end of the affair, reports the Japan Herald. In spite of the insistence of the\n\nExcerpt from the Manchuria Daily News, 19th June, 1914.\n\nCOMPARATIVE COST OF THROUGH TRANSPORTATION BETWEEN OSAKA AND MANCHURIA.\n\nThe through rate freights, the customs duties, etc., on Cotton Cloths to be imported to Manchuria north of Mukden from Osaka via Chosen and Antung and via Dairen, according to the existing tariffs on both routes, which will remain practically the same even on and after 1st July, show that the Dairen route costs 651 sen per bale more than the Chosen route, taking into account the reduced Customs duties at Antung and the rebate offered by both the Imperial Government Railways and the Chosen Railway to the members of the Japanese Cotton Exporters' Association.\n\nSupposing that Japan should agree to include Cotton in the list of Japanese imports to China, for which the present Customs Tariff is to be raised to an effective 5 per cent, the difference of 64 sen per bale in the amounts of the import duties in favour of Antung would be raised by about 40 sen. Accordingly, the difference against the Dairen route in the cost of transportation will be something above Yen1 per bale.\n\n448", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460320, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 453, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "34\n\n95\n\nthe Shanghai-Nanking Customs charges and might claim special rates and rebates on Railway, thereby depriving the Chinese Government of a certain portion of its revenue. And so on. It is similarly the French might claim financial exemptions in Yunnan. Obvious that this sort of thing cannot go on all round. It is equally obvious that other nationalities will not allow it to be persisted in on behalf of a favoured nation in a special sphere. To do so would be to pass a self-denying ordinance against the principle of the open door and equal opportunity for all, a principle for which every nationality has stood out at one time or another in respect of the China field.\n\nExtracted from National Review, Shanghai, 1st August, 1914.\n\nfollowing lines: (a) O.S.K. Formosa & Dairen Line. (b) N.Y.K. Tientsin, Bombay, America, Australia and European Lines. (c) S.M.R. Shanghai Line. \"As a concession to \"foreign\" imports, which constitute local cargo at the three Seaports Newchwang, Dairen and Antung foreign steamers having no \"facilities for granting through B/S Lading—it is announced that a reduction of \"15% would be made on the old rail rates also effective from the 1st instant. \"Whether this has been granted as a result of the protest formulated locally by \"the Foreign Board of Trade it is difficult to say, as no reply has yet been \"received thereto, but the point to observe is the fact that imports by Japanese \"steamers over practically every existing ocean route continue to enjoy a discrimination in their favour of 15% as against imports by foreign steamers, which is none the less a flagrant breach of the professed open-door policy of the Japanese in Manchuria, a door which has been figuratively described as being \"so small that only a Japanese can get through it.\"\n\n11\n\nExtract from a letter from Newchwang, dated 29th July, 1914.\n\nAs you doubtless know, we are now faced with an equally—perhaps much more—serious setback to British trade in the shape of the rail-rate reductions on through goods from Japan to Inland Points in Manchuria by the Japan-Korea-Antung overland rail route. The Tokyo Railway Bureau—which exercises a controlling hand over the Japanese railways of both Korea and Manchuria, has sanctioned a 30% rate reduction (actually in force) on specific through goods from Japan by that route and 15% on such through goods via sea and Dairen, but on the other hand has declined to allow any corresponding reduction of the rail rates on goods railed from Dairen and Newchwang to Inland Points, so that goods of whatever nature or origin—other than specific through goods from Japan—are penalised to that extent. Added to which, the Japan Cotton Exporters' Association are said to enjoy an additional special rebate of Y. 1.50 a ton on their product—if exceeding 5,000 tons in a year.\n\nFurthermore, all goods entering Manchuria by land from Korea and/or beyond, via Antung, benefit by the remission of one-third of the ordinary Chinese Customs import tariff duty. This latter benefit was, of course, obtained on the strength of having in the past been conceded to other countries (Russia in 1882 was the first, I believe) having land frontiers marching with those of China, but those other countries were very differently situated vis-a-vis the rest of the world's imports into China than Japan is to-day with regard to the rest of the world's imports into Manchuria.\n\nDEAR SIR,\n\nMessrs. Butterfield & Swire to China Association, Shanghai.\n\nShanghai, 12th October, 1914.\n\nReferring to previous correspondence in this connection we have to advise you that our Dairen Agent reports as follows:—\n\n\"We learn that the concession of 30% on specific imports from Japan \"which became effective on the 1st July last, is extended from the 1st instant to cover through cargo imported at Dairen and Newchwang by steamers of the\n\nYours faithfully,\n\n(Signed) BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE.\n\nChina Association, Shanghai,\n\nThe Secretary,\n\nSIR,\n\nH.M. Consul-General, Shanghai, to Shanghai Branch.\n\nH.M. Consulate-General,\n\nShanghai, 23rd October, 1914.\n\nI am directed by His Majesty's Minister to communicate to your Branch of the Association, for the information of members, the following statement with regard to preferential rates of freight granted on the South Manchuria Railway to certain through goods imported from Japan to Manchuria.\n\n14\n\n\"On the 22nd June last a Notification was issued by the South Manchuria Railway Company with reference to the freight rates to be levied on certain specified through goods passing from Japan into Manchuria via Dairen. It appeared from this \"Notification that the Dairen rates on these classes of goods were to correspond with \"those of Antung, but no mention was made of similar favourable treatment for foreign goods passing through Dairen from Shanghai, or for goods of any nationality passing through Newchwang. In reply to an enquiry on the former of these two points, the Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs informed His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokio, on \"the 20th July last, that at present only through goods (either Japanese or foreign) from\n\n450", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460321, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 454, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "36\n\nJapan vis Dairen carried by vessels of the Osaka Shosen Kaisha or the Nippon Yusen Kaisha were accorded the special reduced rates provided for by the Notification in question, but that hereafter in the case of goods from foreign countries, where application was made for through transport, the destination of the goods being given as Mukden, there would be no objection to such goods being accorded the same treatment in regard to freight over the lines of the South Manchuria Railway as goods coming from Japan.\n\n\"No mention of Newchwang was made in this statement, but a notice appeared in the Manchuria Daily News of the 5th ultimo showing the freight rates to be levied from the 1st October by the South Manchuria Railway on certain specified goods imported into Manchuria via Yingkow (Newchwang). These rates appear to be practically the same as those levied on similar goods entering the country by way of Dairen or Antung.\"\n\nSir John Jordan wishes to know what practical effect, from the point of view of the British merchant in China, the modifications in the policy of the South Manchuria Railway described above, have in alleviating the grievance which arose from the preferential treatment in the way of freight charges originally accorded to goods from Japan.\n\n37\n\nThis is brought about by the fact that the concession of 30% on specific imports from Japan which became effective on the 1st July is extended to cover through cargo imported at Dairen and Newchwang by steamers of the Japanese Lines, whereas a reduction of 15% only is allowed on foreign imports which constitute local cargo at the three ports of Newchwang, Dairen, and Antung, foreign steamers having no facilities for granting through B/S Larling, as the N.Y.K. and O.S.K. are the only Steamship Companies who can obtain the privilege of issuing same through their working arrangement with the South Manchuria Railway Co. discrimination against shipments of local cargo must also be guarded against.\n\nThe iniquity of\n\nI have, &c.,\n\nSir E. D. H. Fraser, R.C.M.G.,\n\nH.M. Consul-General, Shanghai.\n\nH. A. J. MACRAY,\n\nVice-Chairman.\n\nC. E. Anton, Esq.,\n\nChairman, China Association, Shanghai.\n\nI am, &c.,\n\nE. H. FRASER,\n\nConsul-General.\n\nSIR,\n\nShanghai Branch to H.B.M. Consul-General, Shanghai.\n\nChina Association,\n\nShanghai, 23rd November, 1914.\n\nI have the honour to acknowledge receipt of your letter of the 23rd October, having reference to the question of preferential rates of freight granted by the South Manchuria Railway to certain through goods imported from Japan to Manchuria.\n\nThe modifications pointed out in your despatch do not alleviate the grievance which arose from the preferential treatment originally accorded to goods from Japan, inasmuch as there still exists a difference of 15% in favour of Japanese goods, as against imports by foreign steamers.\n\n451", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 460380, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "page_number": 513, "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]", "content_text": "74\n\n↓\n\nWednesday, 10th March, 1915-\n\nSOUTH MANCHURIAN RAILWAY.\n\nwhether the Mr. Needham asked pet railway rates and charges for traffic carried on the South Manchurian Railway are the same on British goods as on Japanese goods; if there is any difference, is it in favour of Japanese goods; and, if so, to what extent?\n\nMr. Primrose Special 30 per cent. reduced rates for specific through goods from Japan to Manchuria via Dairen, Antung or Newchwang were introduced in July last. Owing to representations by His Majesty's Government, the Japanese Government promised that these rates should be extended to specific through goods from foreign countries. It appears, however, that, in practice, the South Manchurian Railway only extends these rates to goods carried by shipping lines having a special arrangement with them on the subject; and that, although the railway company has expressed its willingness to conclude such an arrangement with any shipping company-Japanese or foreign-these arrangements have, so far, only been concluded with Japanese companies.\n\nThursday, 11th March, 1915.\n\nTSINGTAU.\n\nSir William Bull asked the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs whether British merchants at Peking and Tientsin have been able to visit Tsingtau for the purpose of opening up business connections; and, in case this is not so, if he will use his best offices with our ally Japan to ensure commercial de-equal opportunity of\n\ndevelopment?\n\nSir E. Grey: So far as His Majesty's Government are aware, Tsingtau is still in the hands of the Japanese military authorities, and I have no information in regard to the first part of the question. His Majesty's Government have, however, been in communication with the Japanese Government, in consequence of which access to the port by a certain number of British vessels has been allowed.\n\nNEW SHANTUNG RAILWAY.\n\nSir William Bull asked the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs if, in view of the British interests involved, he will use his good offices with the Japanese Government to induce it to suggest to the Chinese Government the open port of Chefoo as the terminus of the proposed new Shantung Railway instead of the adjacent undeveloped harbour of Lungkow?\n\nMr. Primrose: His Majesty's Government feel sure that in discussing the matter with the Chinese Government the Japanese Government will take into account the advantage of Chefoo as the terminus for the railway in question.\n\nTuesday, 16th March, 1915.\n\nTSINGTAU.\n\nMr. Outhwaite asked whether any claim for compensation has been made by the Chinese Government upon His Majesty's Government in connection with the recent operations against Tsingtau?\n\nSir E. Grey: The answer is in the negative.\n\nMr. Outhwaite asked whether any arrangement has been entered with the Japanese Government as to the disposal of Tsingtau?\n\nSir E. Grey: The answer to this question is also in the negative.\n\nTHE\n\nCONSTITUTIONAL COMPACT\n\nOF THE CHUNG HUA MIN KUO.\n\nCHAPTER 1.—THE NATION,\n\nArticle 1. The Chung Hua Min Kuo is composed of the citizens of Chung Hua.\n\nArticle 2.-The sovereignty of the Chung Hua Min Kuo originates in the whole body of the citizens.\n\nArticle 3.-The territory of the Chung Hua Min Kuo continues the same as that of the former Empire.\n\nCHAPTER 2.-THE CITIZENS.\n\nArticle 4-Citizens of the Chung Hua Min Kuo shall be equal before the law, irrespective of race, rank or religion,\n\nArticle 5.-Citizens shall enjoy the following rights:-\n\n(a) No citizen shall be arrested, imprisoned, tried or punished, except in accordance with statute.\n\n(b) The habitation of any citizen shall not be forcibly entered into or searched, except in accordance with statute.\n\n(c) Within the limits of the statutes citizens shall have the right to own and enjoy property and to trade freely,\n\n510", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 462080, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6]", "page_number": 713, "title": "CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6]", "content_text": "# Translation of 001E Telegram.\n\nFrom | To | Date |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| GOVERNOR, HONGKONG. | SECRETARY OF STATE. | 2nd June, 1916. |\n\nMay I permit export of 200 piouls English Lead Yee Sing Wing to Tak Fat Chong Dairen.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 462197, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6]", "page_number": 830, "title": "CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6]", "content_text": "# \n318 \n\n## MARSLIST CHOO \nto noitelenerT \n\n## MOTI \n.MTAT? NO YHA TEHOER........ \n\nejal \n\nbengiamos 110 book to anot 3 to troqre timeq I yak \n\n.mfoddootƐ ynsquo) galbati daibenƐ of bus yo \n\n.yaki \n\n697 \n\n## Translation of CODE TELEGRAM \n\nFrom... \nTo... \n**GOVERNOR, Hongkong** \n**SECRETARY OF STATE** \n\nDate \n17th June, 1916 \n\n813 \n\nYour telegram June 5th. Letters were addressed to enemy subjects and being non-transmissible were returned to senders.\n\nMay", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 462513, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "page_number": 302, "title": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "content_text": "## Code and Cypher Telegrams from the Secretary of State\n\n### to Governor, Hongkong\n\n| Date | Telegram Details |\n| --- | --- |\n| 12th July | 42377 RECK REA 5 SEP 16 |\n| 14th | 800 Allow export of Peanut Oil to Deli |\n| 14th | 1891 Instructions as to shipment of Feathers. Allow export of Tin to Vladivostock |\n| 14th | 1892 Instructions as to export of Mien |\n| 15th | Instructions as to supply of Bunker seal and oil fuel to Tessola of the Swedish East Asiatic Company |\n| 16th | Instructions as to shipment of Wood Oil |\n| 17th | 1996 Censorship of mails from neutral country to enemy subject in another neutral country |\n| 17th | 897 Allows export of Peanuts to Lima |\n| 17th | Allows export of Peanuts to San Francisco. Allows export of Jute to Formosa |\n| 17th | 800 Allows export of Pepper to Nowchwang & Amoy subject to guarantee against re-exportation |\n| 17th | 801 Allows export of English lead to Dairen & Norchwang. German Minister of Munitions is endeavouring to purchase lead for shipment to Russia |\n| 19th | 02 Foreign Office requests that mails intended for R.N. Navy should not be censored |\n| 19th | 03 This number is cancelled |\n| 19th | · Allows export of Peanut Oil, Wood Oil, Cocoanut Oil and Castor Oil |\n| 19th | 04 Requests explanation as to shipment of motor tyres and tubes by Montgomery Ward to Netherlands Indies |\n| 19th | 05 Instruction as to export of Dynamite and Detonators |\n| 20th | 006 Requests information as to fees to be paid to proper officer of Crown under Prize Regulations |\n| 21st | Requests information as to certain bales Cotton Pod shipped by Behn & Co. to Melchers |\n| 22nd | The South Sea German Possessions |\n| 24th | 09 Allows export of Castor Oil & Peanut Oil. States period for which permits issued by Rubber & Silk Exports Committee are valid |\n| | Allow export of Peanut Oil to Manila, San Francisco & Sesamum Oil to New York |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 462541, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "page_number": 330, "title": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "content_text": "## WAI HAKOS \n### Code Telegrame \n42377 \n\n| Date | Message |\n| --- | --- |\n| July 13th | 731 |\n| | TREC |\n| | REGE 5 SEP 16 |\n| | 782 |\n| | 733 |\n| 15th | 734 |\n| 16th | |\n| 18th | 1737 |\n| 18th | 738 |\n| 18th | 739 |\n| 19th | |\n| 20th | |\n| 20th | |\n| 21st | |\n| 21st | |\n| 24th | |\n| 24th | |\n| 24th | |\n| 24th | |\n| 24th | |\n| 24th | |\n| 24th | |\n| 25th | |\n\nthe Secretary of State from the Governor, Bengkong,\n\n* Board of Trade Journal for December 1916, not received.\n* Requests permission to export China Peanut Oil to Manila & San Francisco and China Sea common Oil to New York.\n* Requests permission to export China Wood Oil to Denver, Colorado.\n* Requests permission to export Singapore Pepper (old stock) to Newchwang & Dairen.\n* Requests permission to export China Peanut Oil to Honolulu & Manila.\n* Requests permission to export China Lard to Deli, Callao & Pisco.\n* Jardines request that the services of Mr. Hastings may be retained by them.\n* Requests permission to export Singapore Pepper to Callao, Newchwang, Tsingtau, Pisco & Chefoo.\n* Requests permission to export Singapore Pepper (old stock) to Chefoo.\n* Requests permission to export China Castor Oil to Bangkok and Linseed Oil also to Bangkok.\n* Requests permission to export China Lard to Lima, Peru.\n* Requests permission to enable James Morrison & Co. to ship building materials to Hongkong.\n* Requests permission to export Chinese Quicksilver to Yokohama.\n* Requests permission to export Pie Ton Francis Manganese Ore (China Origin).\n* Return of Tin exported.\n* Requests permission to export China Peanuts to Bangkok.\n* Requests permission to export China Bees Wax to Kobe.\n* Requests permission to export China common Oil & Animal Tallow & China Peanut Oil & Food Oil to Kobe, Bangkok & Kobe.\n* Requests permission to export Singapore Pepper (old stock) to Newchwang.\n* Requests permission to export Old Rubber to Kobe & San Francisco.\n* Corrects origin of tallow in telegram of 24th July.\n\nPage 330\nPage 331", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 462546, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "page_number": 335, "title": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "content_text": "## Translation of CODE Telegram.\n\nFrom | To | Date\n---------|---------|---------\n`sta` | GOVERNOR, HONGKONG, SECRETARY OF STATE. | 16th July, 1916.\n\n734 \n330 \n\nMay I permit export of Singapore Pepper old stock 60 piculs such Shun Shing, Tung Shun Mau, Man Cheong Tai, Man Shing Tai, Newchwang and Tak Sang Yuen Dairen 30 such Yee Bang Yu, Yee Shun Hang, Hing Kee, Wing Yuen Hing Newchwang consigned by Yee Tai Hong.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 462648, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "page_number": 437, "title": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "content_text": "# Code Telegrams from the Secretary of State\n## to Governor, Hongkong\n\n### 27th July\n**CODE**\n\n### 28th\nAllows export of Wood Oil to Denver. \nAllows export of Pepper to Newchwang, Dairen on usual conditions. \nAllows export of Pepper to Peru, Tsingtau, Newchwang and Chefoo on usual conditions. \nAllows export of Peanut Oil to Honolulu and Manila. \nAllows export of Lard to Deli and Peru. \nAllows export of Wood Oil to Dragon, France.\n\n### 29th\nSuspends sales of permanent assets of enemy firms in liquidation. \nAllows export of rubber to Kobe and San Francisco. \nRequests reply to telegram regarding detention of Rubber Tyres.\n\n### 31st\nAllows export of Pepper to Newchwang on usual terms. \nAllows export of Pepper to Chefoo on usual conditions. \nEnquires whether a machine ordered for Siemens China Electrical Engineering Co. in Japan may be shipped.\n\n### August 1st\nAllows export of Cocoa Oil to Bangkok. \nEnquires as to the origin of Linseed Oil. \nRequests that copy of manifests of statement of prohibited articles on vessels passing Hongkong for New York be sent to B.M. Consul-General, New York.\n\n### 2nd\nAllows export of Peanut Oil, Wood Oil and Tallow. \nEnquires as to the origin of Cocoanut Oil. \nEnquires as to the shipment of feathers to Liverpool. \nAllows export of rubber to Kobe. \nAllows export of Peanut Oil and Sesamum Oil.\n\n### 3rd\nAllows export of Peanuts to Iquique and Bangkok.\n\n### 5th\nBunker coal may be allowed to vessels of the Swedish East Asiatic Company.\n\n### 7th\nRequests cancellation of telegram of 31st July re Rubber tyres.\n\n## Metadata\nPage 432 \nREG 15 SEP 16 \nInstructions regarding goods in transit.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 462652, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "page_number": 441, "title": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "content_text": "## Translation of CODE Telegram\n**SECRETARY OF STATE**\n\nTo \n**GOVERNOR, HONGKONG**\n\nDate \n28th July, 1916\n\nYour telegram July 15th Pepper Newchwang Dairen no objection on usual conditions.\n\n**BONAR LAW**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 462884, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "page_number": 673, "title": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "content_text": "# Code Telegrams to the Secretary of State from the Governor, Hongkong\n\n776 August 11th. Code. \nRequeste permission to export Australian Lead to Vladivostock.\n\n777 \nRequests permission to export Singapore Pepper to Tsingtau and Newchwang.\n\n778 \nRequests permission to export China Wood Oil to Sumatra, China Peanut Oil to Detroit, Philadelphia, New York, San Francisco, Portland and Macassar.\n\n779 \nReturn of Tin exported.\n\n780 \nRequests permission to export China Bees wax to Kobe.\n\n781 \nRequests permission to export China Peanut Oil to Oakland & Manila.\n\n782 \nReplies to telegram as to shipment of machine ordered for Siemens China Electrical Engineering Co.\n\n783 18th \nRequests permission to export China Yellow Wax to Dairen.\n\n784 17th \nRequests permission to export Pig Iron to Kobe.\n\n785 \nRequests permission to export Singapore Tin to Tokio.\n\n786 19th \nPermission to allow particulars of Exchequer bonds and coupons on Income Tax Form A No. 2 to be made after declaration but to be completed before presentation.\n\n787 21st \nRequests permission to export dry Chili to Bangkok.\n\n788 \nReturn of Tin exported.\n\n789 \nRequests permission to export Singapore Pepper to Hankow.\n\n790 \nRequests permission to export China Peanut Oil to San Francisco, Panama, New York, etc.\n\n791 \nRequests permission to export China Lard to Peru.\n\n792 \nRequests permission to export Siam Pepper to Manila.\n\n793 \nRequests permission to export Old Rubber to Kobe.\n\n794 22nd \nRequests permission to export China Wood...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 462893, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "page_number": 682, "title": "CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8]", "content_text": "## Translation of CODE Telegram\n\n**NOTI**\n\nFrom | To | Date\n---------|---------|---------\nSECRETARY OF STATE | GOVERNOR, HONGKONG | 18th August, 1916\n\n678\n\nMay I permit export of 200 piculs China Yellow Wax Tak Sang Yuen to Tak Sang Yuen Dairen.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-434 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 462985, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 77, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# Code Telegrams from the Secretary of State to Governor, Hongkong\n\nREG2 160CT 16:960\n\n## August\n\n| Date | Code | Description |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 24th | 961 | Allows export of Food Oil and Peanut Oil to United States and Netherlands India. |\n| 26th | 963, 964, 965 | |\n| 28th | 966 | |\n| 29th | 967 | Allows export of Peanut Oil to Oakland and Manila. |\n| 30th | 968, 969 | Refuses permission to export Singapore Tin. |\n| 30th | | Allows export of Pepper to Tsingtau and Newchwang on usual conditions. |\n| 31st | 970, 971, 972 | Refuses permission to export Antimony as it is intended for Switzerland. |\n\n## September\n\n| Date | Code | Description |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1st | 972, 973 | Allows export of Rubber to Kobe. Allows export of Bees Wax to Kobe. |\n| 1st | 974 | Directs that goods on British or French Ships in transit to Chinese Tresty Ports need not be examined or detained. |\n| 5th | 975, 976 | Allows export of Yellow Wax to Dairen. Allows export of Lard to Peru. |\n| 5th | | Allows export of Peanut Oil to U.S.A. Manila and Macassar. |\n| 5th | | Instructions as to investment in Excheque Bonds. |\n| | | Allows export of Pepper to Hankow on usual conditions. |\n| | | Allows export of Pepper to Hankow, and Manila |\n| | | Mr. Smith's application for permission to join Army. |\n| | | Allows export of Tin to Vladivostock. Allow export of Wood Oil to San Francisco. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 462994, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 86, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## Translation of COME Telegram\n\n**SECRETARY OF STATE**\n\n**GOVERNOR, HONGKONG**\n\nDate: 30th August, 1916\n\nYour telegram August 15th yellow Tax Dairen no objection.\n\n**BONAR LAW**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463004, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 96, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## \n816 \nSeptember \n4th. \n**Code** \nRequests permission to export Penang Copra Oil to Nagasaki. \n\n817 \n5th. \n**Cypher** \nRaising of a local loan of $3,000,000. \n\n818 \n6th. \n**Code** \nRequests permission to export Singapore Pepper to Newchwang, Dairen, Chefoo and Taingtau. \n\n819 \n7th. \n\n| Code | Request Details |\n| --- | --- |\n| 820 | Requests permission to export China Yellow Wax to Dairen. |\n| 821 | Requests permission to export Singapore Tin to Kobe. |\n| | Requests permission to export China Peanut Oil to Seattle, New York, Washington, San Francisco & Wood Oil to Bangkok and Sesame Oil to New York. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463017, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 109, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## Translation of CODE Telegram, 107\nFrom | „ETATE HO THATHFIONE | (SECRETARY OF STATE) |\n| --- | --- |\nTo | LAIVI „Jeiguá tæIS | (GOVERNOR, HONGKONG) |\nDate | 2nd September, 1916 |\n\nHy telegram 6th August your telegram 2nd August Annem Cocoanut Oil do you approve. \nAlso 50 picule Samaki Dairen 1,000 lbs China Peanut Oil Tea Shing Lang to Tee Chang Lang San Francisco 3,600 lbs Kwan Chan to Imen Cheong San Francisco 108 picule and 8 piculs daina Sesamm Oil Sun Krong Hep to Sun Kwong On New York.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463027, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 119, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# Translation of CODE Telegram.\n\n| From | To | Date |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| **GOVERNOR, HONGKONG.** | **SECRETARY OF STATE.** | **6th September, 1916.** |\n\nMay I permit export of 60 picula Singapore Pepper \nTak Shing Loong to Man Shun To Newchwang 300 \nTung Yik Hing Deiren 60 \nTeo Tai Hong to Hung Loy Shing 90 \nTung Yick Dairen 60 \nTak Chui Tsingtau 60 \nShing Hing Ho Chefoo.\n\nMAY.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463028, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 120, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# Translation of CODE Telegram\n\n**From**: GOVERNOR, HONGKONG \n**To**: SECRETARY OF STATE \n**Date**: 6th September, 1916 \n**D40**\n\nMay I permit export of 100 piculs China Yellow Wax Tak Shing Loong to Tung Yik Hing Dairen.\n\n**MAY**\n\nPage 120\nPage 121", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463177, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 269, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## Code and Cypher Telegrams from the Secretary of State to Governor, Hongkong.\n\nSeptember 7th. Code.\n\n979 | 980 | 981 \n| --- | --- | --- \n12th. | | \n\n## Telegram Entries\n\n| Date | Code/Cypher | Description |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| September 7th | Code | |\n| 12th | | Allows export of Peanuts to Tacoma. Allows export of Gallmute to Semarang. Allows export of Chili to Bangkok. Requests particulars regarding detention at Hongkong of cargo ex `KAFUE`. Allows export of Pig Iron to Kobe. Conveys instructions as to shipments of Pig Iron and Steel products from foreign countries or from India to foreign countries in Asia. Export of Chinese Pig Iron or Pig Iron and Steel products from U.K. to foreign country should not be allowed. |\n| 12th | Cypher | Suggestions regarding the proposed Hongkong loan in aid of the War. |\n| 13th | | |\n| 14th | Code | Chinese coolie labour for service in France. Allows export of Colombo Rubber to San Francisco. Refuses to allow shipment of Singapore Tin. Conveys instructions regarding re-export of Straits Settlements Tin from Hongkong to Foreign countries. Allows export of Old Brass to Bangkok. Allows export of Lampong Pepper to San Francisco subject to usual guarantee. |\n| 18th | Code | Allows export of Cocoanut Oil to Dairen Peanut Oil to San Francisco and Sesamum Oil to New York. Allows export of Singapore Chinese Cocoanut Oil to Kobe. Allows export of Singapore Pepper to Newchwang, Dairen, Tsingtau and Chefoo subject to usual guarantee. |\n| | Code | Orders release of goods ex `KAFUE`. Allows export of China Antimony to Marseilles. Allows export of Penang Copra Oil to Nagasaki. Allows export of Old Rubber to Kobe. Refuses shipment of China Lard to Peru without special recommendations from British Consul Callao. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463178, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 270, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# \n## 996 September 19th.\n**Code.**\n\n* Allows export of China Peanut Oil to Seattle, New York, &c., China Wood Oil to Bangkok and Sesamun Oil to New York.\n* Allows export of Vermilion to Kobe.\n\n## 20th.\n* Allows export of China Peanut Oil to Bangkok and China. Castor Oil to Iloilo.\n* Allows export of China White Wax to Bangkok.\n* Allows export of Yellow Wax to Dairen\n\nShipment of Burmah and Australian Lead may be allowed, Re-exportation of Lead from British or Foreign sources to neighbouring countries may also be allowed.\n\nNo action to be taken till further instructions with regard to goods in transit to or from Statutory List Firms. Direct release of packages ex `AYLERIC` at once.\n\n## 21st.\nPage 270\nPage 271", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463190, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 282, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## Translation of CODE Telegram.\n960 \n278 \n\n| From | To | Date |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| SECRETARY OF STATE | GOVERNOR, Hongkong | 18th September, 1916 |\n\nYour telegram 3rd September Coconut Oil Dairen Peanut Oil San Francisco Sesamm Oil New York no objection.\n\n**BONAR LAW**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463192, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 284, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# Telegram Translation\n## From Secretary of State to Governor, Hong Kong\n### 19th September, 1916\n\n48\n\nYour telegram 6th September Singapore Pepper Newchwang Dairen Tsingtau Chefoo no objection subject to usual guarantee.\n\nBONAR LAW", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463202, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 294, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# Translation of COM Telegram, **SECRETARY OF STATE**\n\n1030 \n290 \n\nFrom | mor | To | ROMERIPOD |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| | GOVERNOR, HONGKONG | |\n\nDate: 20th September, 1916\n\nYour telegram of 6th September China Tellow Wax Dairen no objection.\n\n**BONAR LAW**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463272, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 364, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## Translation of COIE Telegram\n\n**GOVERNOR, HONGKONG, SECRETARY OF STATE.**\n\n23rd September, 1916.\n\n| From | To | Date | No. |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | | | 8431 |\n| | | | 359 |\n\nMay I permit the export of 200 piculs Singapore Pepper Hang How Yuen to Tung Yik Hing Dairen & Tai Loong to Sheung Beng Tai Tsingtau?", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463273, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 365, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## Translation of CO2 Telegram\n**GOVERNOR, HONGKONG.** \n**SECRETARY OF STATE.** \n23rd September, 1916.\n\nMay I permit export of 200 picul China Bees Wax liang How Yuen to Tung Yik Hing Dairen?", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463284, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 376, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## GOVERNOR, HONGKONG.\n### BAGNETANY US STATE.\n\nFrom \nTo \nDate 4th October, 1916.\n\n370 \nI permit export of Singapore pepper: \n- 240 piculs to Tong Yik, Dairen; \n- 60 each to Gung Thing, Chefoo, You Tai, Tsingtau; \n- 240 each to Yee Shun Tai, Yee Hing; \n- 120 each to Yee Sang Yus, Yee Chun Yang, Chefoo; \n- 24 and 32 piculs to Fook Kee, Tientsin (Bangkok pepper).", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463320, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 412, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## Code and Cypher Telegrams from the Secretary of State to the Governor, Hongkong\n[REG! 24 NOV 15\n\n1022. 5th October Code -023. H Code\nAllows export of groundnut-oil to San Francisco, San Jose, Puerto and Chicago and New York, peanut-oil to Iloilo.\n\n1024. 6th Code 0.0. 50500 1405 REC\nAllows export of groundnut-oil to Manila.\n\n1025. 7th Code\nAllows export of pepper to Dairen and Tsingtau.\n\n1026. 10th Code\nTranshipment of hides for Barcelona, Allows export of senna leaves to Kobe.\n\n1027. Code\nAllows export of wax and tallow to Kobe.\n\n1028. Code\nAllows export of beeswax to Dairen.\n\n1029. Code\nAllows export of pepper to Tsingtau.\n\n1030. Code\n...\n\n1031. 11th Cypher\nInstructions regarding the censorship of mails.\n\n1032. Code\nGoods per \"Kafue\" forwarded to destinations by 8.8.\"City of Manila\".\n\n1033. 12th Code\n...\n\n1034. Code\nAllows export of cocoanut-oil to Kobe. Allows export of rubber to Kobe.\n\n1035. 13th Code\nAllows export of cocoanut-oil to Kobe.\n\n1036. Code\nEngagement of men for river transport service in Mesopotamia.\n\n1037. 16th Code\nAllows export of beeswax to Shanghai.\n\n1038. Code\nAllows export of pepper to Peru, Kobe and Manila.\n\n1039. Code\nAllows export of tallow to Kobe, and Lard to Peru.\n\n1040. Code\nAllows export of pepper to Dairen, Chefoo, Tsingtau, Newchwang and Tientsin.\n\n1041. Code\nAllows export of pepper to Tsingtau and Newchwang.\n\n1042. Code\nAllows export of senna-leaf to Moscow.\n\n1043. Code\nAllows export of tin to San Francisco and Seattle.\n\n1044. Code\nCertificates of interest required for Philippine Islands but not French Indo-China", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463323, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 415, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## Translation of CODE Telegram\n| From | To | Date |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| SECRETARY OF STATE | GOVERNOR, HONGKONG | 6th October, 1916, 3 PM |\n\nYour telegram of 23rd September. Pepper Dairen Tsingtau no objection on usual conditions.\n**BONAR LAW** \n4087", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463327, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 419, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# Translation of CODE Telegram\n## BECKELVIA ON BLVIE\n### MOTH\n\nFrom **SECRETARY OF STATE** \nTo **GOVERNOR, HONGKONG** \nDate **10th October, 1916** \n\n28 412 \nYour telegram of 23rd September from Dairen. Beeswax. \nNo objection.\n\n**BONAR LAW**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463339, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 431, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# ESA\n\n## LET.IST H100 to noitalamerT\n\n### Translation of CODE Telegram\n\nTUNATE TO TRATEHDIS .CHOXDMOH HOMERIPOD\n\nKOTI\n\n**From**\nSECRETARY OF STATE.\n\n**To**\nGOVERNOR, HONGKONG.\n\n**Date**\n16th October, 1916.\n\nVAI HAIDE\n\n1040 424\n\nYour telegram of 4th October. Pepper Dairen Chefoo Tsingtau Newchwang Tientsin no objection on usual conditions. Will telegraph later as to Bangkok.\n\n**BONAR LAW**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463344, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 436, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## Code and Cypher Telegrams to the Secretary of State from the Governor, Hongkong.\n\n429 \n\n### October 5th \n**Code 856** \nRequests permission to export China hemp to Yokohama and vermillion to Kobe.\n\n### October 5th \n**Code 857** \nRequests permission to export tallow to Kobe and lard to Callao and Pisco.\n\n### October 5th \n**Code 358** \nRequests permission to export pepper to Callao, Pisco, Kobe and Manila.\n\n### October 5th \n**Code 359** \n\n### October 6th \n**Code 860** \nRequests permission to export mf wood-oil, cocoanut-oil and peanut-oil to Kobe and Manila.\n\n### October 6th \n**Code 861** \nRequests permission to export old rubber to Kobe.\nRequests permission to export tin to San Francisco and Seattle.\n\n### October 7th \n**Code 862** \nCargo on board S.S. \"Kafue\" and \"Aymeric\".\n\n### October 11th \n**Code 363** \n\n### October 11th \n**Code 564** \n\n### October 11th \n**Code 865** \nRequests permission to export tallow to Yokohama.\n\n### October 13th \n**Code 366** \nReturn of tin exported.\n\n### October 13th \n**Code 867** \nRequests permission to export of peanut-oil to San Francisco, New York, Mexico and Batavia, and cocoanut-oil to Kobe.\n\n### October 13th \n**Code 368** \nRequests permission to export cocoanut-oil to Harbin, peanut-oil to Honolulu, Chicago, New York and Philadelphia, sesamm-oil and wood-oil to Honolulu.\n\n### October 13th \n**Code 389** \nRequests permission to export tallow to Harbin and Shanghai.\n\n### October 14th \n**Code 870** \nRequests permission to export tin to New York.\n\n### October 14th \n**Code 871** \nRequests permission to export cantharides and vermillion to Paris.\n\n### October 18th \n**Code 873** \nRequests permission to export rubber to San Francisco.\n\n### October 18th \n**Code 874** \nRequests permission to export peanut-oil to San Francisco, Havana and Bangkok, and cocoanut-oil to Kobe.\n\n### October 16th \n**Cypher 972** \nEngagement of labour for river transport service in Mesopotamia.\n\n### October 18th \n**Code 873** \nRequests permission to export pepper to Callao, Shanghai, Tientsin, Chinkiang, Newchwang, Dairen, and Chefoo.\n\n### October 18th \n**Code 874** \nRequests permission to export peanut-oil to Chicago, New York, San Francisco.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463362, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 454, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## Translation of CODE Telegram\n**GOVERNOR, HONGKONG**\n\n.state to VIAJSIDEB \n\nOT \n\nTo \n**SECRETARY OF STATE**\n\nDate \n18th October, 1916.\n\nMay I permit export of 18,000 lbs. Singapore Pepper Kwong Yuen Wing to Po Lung, Callao; \n65 piculs Kwong Yue Wo to Kwong Yue Wo, Shanghai, \n130 Kung Yue, Tientsin, \n65 Kwong Shing Loong, Chinkiang, \n240 Yee Tai Hong to Tee Shun Wah, \n300 Kin Shun Hui, \n240 Yee Hing Chang, New-chwang, \n300 Yee Chang, \n240 Tung Yick, Dairen, \n360 Yung Shun Woo, \n120 Yee Chang, Chefoo, \n120 Tee Tai, Tientsin.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463608, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 700, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# Code and Cypher Telegrams from the Secretary of State to the Governor, Hongkong.\n\n682\n\nPage 363\n\nRECEIVED REGY DEC '6\n\nCorrespondence from U.S. Asiatic Fleet opened by Censor.\n\n## October 20th\n\n| Telegram No. | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1045 | Code |\n| 1046 | Code |\n| 1047 | Code |\n| 1048 | Code |\n| 1049 | Code |\n| 1050 | Code |\n| 1051 | Code |\n\n## 24th\n\n| Telegram No. | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1052 | Code |\n| 1053 | Code |\n| 1054 | Code |\n\n## 25th\n\n| Telegram No. | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1055 | Code |\n| 1056 | Code |\n\n## 26th\n\n| Telegram No. | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| | Allows export of peanut-oil and cocoanut oil to U.S.A., Mexico, Batavia and Kobe. |\n| | Allows export of wood-oil, cocoanut-oil and peanut-oil to Kobe & Manila. Enquires whether imports of cocoanut-oil from Singapore are abnormal. |\n\n## Various Dates\n\n| Telegram No. | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| | Allows export of tallow to Yokohama. |\n| 1048 | Allows export of tin to New York. |\n| 1049 | Allows export of peanut-oil to San Francisco, Havana, Bangkok, and cocoanut oil to Kobe. |\n| 1050 | Allows export of cocoanut-oil to Harbin, peanut-oil to Honolulu, U.S.A. and sesamum-oil & wood-oil to Honolulu, |\n| 1051 | Allows export of tallow to Shanghai. |\n| 1052 | Respecting goods ex `8.8.\"Kafue\"`. |\n| 1053 | As to when soda-ash shipped from United Kingdom, |\n| | No more permits for periodical shipments of rubber and tin will be granted by the Rubber & Tin Exports Committee. |\n| | Instructions regarding the bunkering of Swedish vessels. |\n| 1057 | Allows export of cocoanut-oil and tallow to Harbin, |\n\n## 27th\n\n| Telegram No. | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1058 | Cypher |\n\n## 28th\n\n| Telegram No. | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1059 | Code |\n\n## 30th\n\n| Telegram No. | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1060 | Code |\n| | Reference to Bangkok in S.of S. telegram of 16.10.16 made in error. |\n| 1061 | Code |\n| | Allows export of pepper to Callao, Shanghai, Tientsin, Chinkiang, lew-chwang, Dairen and Chefoo. |\n| 1062 | Code |\n| | Shipment of antimony regulus to Togelstein. |\n\n## 31st\n\n| Telegram No. | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1063 | Code |\n| | Allows export of lard to Lima. |\n| 1064 | Code |\n| | Allows export of peanut-oil to San Francisco and Panama. |\n\n## 1st\n\n| Telegram No. | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1065 | Code |\n| 1066 | Code |\n| 1067 | Code |\n| | Enquires as to origin of Tungsten ore. Allows export of cocoanut-oil to Kobe. |\n| | Allows export of peanut-oil to U.S.A.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463624, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 716, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# Translation of CODE Telegram\nFrom \n**SECRETARY OF STATE** \nTo \n**GOVERNOR, HONGKONG** \nDate \n**30th October, 1916** \n\nYour telegram of 18th October Pepper Callao, Shanghai, Tientsin, Chinkiang, Newchwang, Dairen, Chefoo, no objection on usual conditions.\n\n**BONAR LAW**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463632, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 724, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# Code and Cypher Telegrams to the Secretary of State from the Governor, Hongkong.\n\n## Page 105\n\n706 \nRequests permission to export Tungsten ore to New York.\n\n375. \nOctober 19th \nCode\n\n876. \nCode \nGoods ex s.s. \"Kafue\".\n\n877. \nCode \nRequests permission to export hemp to Yokohama and Vermillion to Kobe.\n\n878. \n20th \nCode \nRequests permission to export peanut-oil to San Francisco and Panama.\n\n879. \nCode \nRequests permission to export peanuts to Panama.\n\n880. \nCode \nRequests permission to export hides to New York.\n\n881. \nCode \nRequests permission to export soda-ash to Yokohama.\n\n882. \n24th Code \nRequests permission to export lard to Lime.\n\n883. \nCode \nRequests permission to export cocoanut-oil to Kobe.\n\n884. \nCode \nRequests permission to export pepper to Newchwang, Dairen, Chefoo, Tsingtau and Hankow. \nAs to sale of permanent assets of enemy firms.\n\n885. \n25th Code \nRequests permission to export peanut-pil to San Francisco and Manila, castor-oil to Kobe, and cocoanut-oil to Kobe.\n\n886. \nCode \nRequests permission to export pepper to Newchwang and Tientsin.\n\n887. \nCode \nRequests permission to export copra to Kobe.\n\n888. \nCode \nRequests permission to export cocoanut-oil to Vladivostock and Kobe.\n\n889. \n27th \nCode \nRequests permission to export cantha-rides to New York.\n\n890. \nCode \nRequests permission to export pepper to Tsingtau.\n\n891. \nCode \nRequests permission to export margarine to Manila.\n\n892. \nCode \nRequests permission to export myrobalan to Kobe.\n\n893. \nCode \nRequests permission to export coconut-oil and tallow to Harbin.\n\n894. \nCode \nAs to release of European Police either to supervise coolies or to join the Army.\n\n895. \nCode", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463633, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 725, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# 896. \nOctober 28th \nCode \n. \n\n897. \nCode \n\nmedgut drogze of noiseirer steeupeñ \nb00 \n♫#ei zeďo$50 \n.are \n\n898. \nNovember 1st \nCode \n\n„OY fell of ero \n.\"evisX\".c.8 za aboo2 \nof crier trouxe of coinsinger atsouped .edo: ôt noillimə▼ bris emerožoY \neboo \n.are \n\n899. \n* \nCode \n600 \n.TT8 \n\n900. \nCode \n\nfo-dw_seq Froqze od notasifteq adaaupaf .eronet bas opsion TÏ neƐ of atuneeq troyxa od molasintaq atsaucafi Jeraces of \nof asbid troqte of noiseimzeg adzabped .TOY we'l \nVise-sboa Progre of noiseirtaq adeaupaf aradolor of \naboj \nNJOS \n.ets \n\n901. \n1 \nCode \nb00 \n.ere \n\n902. \n\" \nCode \nb00 \n.008 \n\n903. \nCode \n.boC \nAJAS \n.188 \nof brel troqxe od noiseiriaq atnaupsä \n@bo0 \n.$8€ \nBIKE NË \n-Jums0000 troçxe of noiseiring atreuçefi edol of Ijo \nOd raggag FroÇÃO OS MOİSBİMeg streupaf bne ustnial Jooternetie newnora \nabo0 \n.58€ \n.600 \n\n| fio-junseq_rogze of noiseimmeg straupefi of Iio-Todego ́,eline!! bra oslonel NEG ,adol óð fio-tumeoooo bers,eɗoli Taqrar drogra od mõisaiming adabupal \n\nInistrait one yndrrows \nof 81000 Froque of nolanimisq adeouped \n-June0000 Frogze of goiesimteq staeupof .adó: bra XooteovibRIT OJ Hio \nvene to adenes Insnm reg to else of nÅ \n*bo0 \n.88€ \n.057it \n#600 \n.886 \nabou \n#boo \n..ɗox \n.TSE \n• 682 \n00 \nSAF \n.888 \n-arines Froque of noissimay adraupeƐ „ÁTOŸ wek of BebiT of 190q8q troque of noisaimteq atzaupali \nONİTE 18M J7Oqxe of moissirreq etzaupaf \n*600 \n980° \n#500 \n.[ee \n.500 \n.edo. of \n-Juneoooo troqze od ucianiriac adesurafi nidrel of volfst bns Lio \n\nTatie soileï neeqotuli to seseler of BÅ and miot of tô zeilooo asivraque of .VOTLA \nJelinali od \n«s[sdorym droqre of noiseimteq ajreupeli \n.sec \n.Ses \nabo0 \n.Aes \nredgyo \n.8€c \n707 \n\n## Requests \nAs to increase in import trade of cocoa-nut oil from the Straits Settlements. \nRequests permission to export peanut-oil to Pittsburg and Honolulu. \nRequests permission to export sheet steel to Osaka.” \nRequests permission to export old rubber to Kobe. \nRequests permission to export tallow to Kobe. \nRequests permission to export copra and yellow-wax to Kobe. \nRequests permission to export pepper to Shanghai, Dairen and Newchwang. \nRequests permission to export cocoanut-oil to Kobe, and peanut-oil to Iloilo.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463643, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 735, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "## Translation of CODE Telegram\nFrom **GOVERNOR, HONGKONG** \nTo **SECRETARY OF STATE** \nDate **24th October, 1916** \n\nMay I permit export of 240 picul Singapore pepper \n- Lee Yuen Cheong to Shun Shing, Newchwang \n- 120 Man Yick Shing, Tsingtau \n- 120 Wing Hing Shing, Dairen \n- 700 Kin Yuen Hong to Fu Cheong Wo, Chefoo \n- 200 Wing To Hau \n- 200 Fu Cheong Wo, Newchwang \n- 400 Hang Shing Chan, Tsingtau \n- 600 Hui Tung Tai to Chan Tai, Hankow.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463661, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "page_number": 753, "title": "CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11]", "content_text": "# Translation of CODE Telegram\n## Details\n| From | To | Date |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| **GOVERNOR, HONGKONG** | **SECRETARY OF STATE** | **1st November, 1916** |\n\n735 908\n\nMay I permit export of 480 piculs Singapore Pepper \n- Yee Tai Hong to Yee Chan Shin, Shanghai, 360 \n- Tak Sang Yuen, Dairen, 300 \n- American Express Co. to Tung Shun Mow, Newchwang, 750 \n- Kong Wing Sing, Shanghai, 500 \n\n**MAY**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-435 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1916 [9-11].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463772, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 35, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "# Code and Cypher Telegrams from the Secretary to the Governor, Hongkong.\n\n33\n\n| Date | Code/Cypher | Telegram Number | Subject |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| November 1st | Cypher | 1068, 1069, 1070 | |\n| 2nd | Code | 1071, 1072, 1073 | |\n| 3rd | | 1074, 1075 | |\n| 4th | | 1076, 1077 | |\n| | Cypher | 1078, 1079 | |\n| 6th | Code | 1080, 1081, 1082, 1083 | |\n| 7th | | 1084, 1085 | |\n| 8th | | 1086 | |\n| 9th | | 1087, 1088 | |\n| 10th | | REA 26 DEC 16 | War Loan. Question of military contribution. |\n| | | | Wolframite on s.s.\"Haldis\". |\n| | | | Allows export of pepper to Newchwang, Tsingtau, Dairen, Chefoo and Hankow. |\n| | | | Arms and ammunition on board s.s.\"Hawaii Maru\" and Manila Maru. |\n| | | | Control of ship-building and ship-repairing facilities in Hongkong. |\n| | | | Allows export of pepper to Newchwang and Tientsin. |\n| | | | Allows export of cantharides to Paris. |\n| | | | Allows export of copra to Kobe. |\n| | | | Allows export of hides to New York. |\n| | | | Enlistment of ten policemen for service with Chinese labour battalions. |\n| | | | Instructions regarding the General Black List. |\n| | | | Allows export of pepper to Tsingtau. |\n| | | | Allows export of myrobalan to Kobe. |\n| | | | Allows export of peanut-oil to Pittsburg and Honolulu. |\n| | | | Allows export of cocoanut-oil to Kobe and Vladivostock. |\n| | | | Allows export of rubber to Kobe. |\n| | | | Allows export of paraffin wax to San Francisco. |\n| | | | Allows export of peanut-oil, castor-oil, & coconut-oil to San Francisco, Manila and Kobe. |\n| | | | Allows export of tallow to Kobe. |\n| | | | Allows export of cantharides to New York. |\n| | | | Enemy Trade Marks. |\n| | | 1089 | Allows export of pepper to Shanghai, Dairen and Newchwang. |\n| 11th | | 1090 | Military Service Acts 1916 does not apply to men resident in H.M.Dominions abroad. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463776, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 39, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "# \n## Translation of CODE Telegram \n1070 \n37 \n\nFrom \n**STATE HO YEATKHOUR** \nTo \n**SECRETARY OF STATE. GOVERNOR, HONGKONG.** \n\nDate \n2nd November, 1916. \n\nYour telegram of 24th October Pepper Newchwang. Tsingtau, Dairen, Chefoo, Hankow, no objection on usual conditions. \n**BOMAR LAW**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463795, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 58, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "# Translation of CODE Telegram \n1089 \n56 \n\nFrom | To \n---------|---------\nSECRETARY OF STATE | OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT, HONGKONG \n\nDate \n10th November, 1916 \n\nYour telegram of 1st November Pepper Shanghai Dairen Newchwang no objection on usual conditions. \n\n**BONAR LAW**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463800, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 63, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "# Code Telegrams to the Secretary of State 1992 61\n\nfrom the Governor, Hongkong.\n\n## November 3rd\n904. \n## November 8th\n907. Requests permission to export peanut-oil, cocoanut-oil, sesamum-oil and wood-oil.\n\n## November 9th\n909. \n910. \n911. \n912. \n913. \n## November 13th\n914. \n## November 15th\n923. Requests permission to export pepper to Hankow.\n\n| Date | Code | Telegram Content |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 3rd | 904. | Cargo ex \"Kafue\" forwarded to Manila. Return of tin exported. Requests permission to export pepper to Shenghai and Chinklang. |\n| 8th | 907. | Requests permission to export peanut-oil, cocoanut-oil, sesamum-oil and wood-oil. |\n| 9th | 913. | Requests permission to export pepper to Tientsin. |\n| 9th | 914. | Requests permission to export lard to Dalny. |\n| 9th | 915. | Requests permission to export Gambier to Manila. |\n| 9th | 916. | Requests permission to export peanut-oil to New York, Oakland and Boston. |\n| 9th | 917. | Requests permission to export high speed steel to Vladivostock. |\n| 13th | 919. | As to charter of four ships now being built for Norwegian flag, by the Hongkong and Whampoa Dock Co. |\n| 15th | 923. | Requests permission to export pepper to Hankow. |\n| 15th | 924. | Requests permission to export Tin to Kobe and New York. |\n| 15th | 925. | Requests permission to export pepper to Shanghai and Chinkiang. |\n| | 905. | IREC Real 26 DEC 16, |\n| | 906. | 2. |\n| | 908. | = : W |\n| | 909. | I i |\n| | 910. | |\n| | 911. | |\n| | 912. | |\n| | 918. | Requests permission to export cocoanut-oil to Nagasaki & Kobe, and Peanut-oil to Batavia. |\n| 8th | 908. | W |\n| 9th | | Requests permission to export pepper to Dairen and Kobe. |\n| | 920. | Return of tin exported. |\n| | 921. | As to stoppage of letters addressed to Secretary of Navy, Washington. |\n| | 922. | As to whether a Lieutenant of the H.K.Volunteer will be liable for service when he visits England. |\n\nPage 61", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463805, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 68, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "# Translation of CODE Telegram \n## 908 \n### From OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT, HONGKONG. \n#### To SECRETARY OF STATE. \n##### Date 8th November, 1916. \n\n66 \n\nMay I permit export of 500 piculs Singapore Pepper Shun Shing, Dairen, 600 each Van Hing Lee, Wing Wo Hing, Tung Chui Wo, Kung Lo Ching, Fu Chang Wo, Newchwang, 64 Tai Fung Yo, Kobe.\n\n**SEVERN**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463858, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 121, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "# Code and Cypher Telegrams from the Secretary of State to the Officer Administering the Government, Hongkong\n\n*994. November 16th Code\n\n1095. Allows export of rubber to Kobe. Report as to period of liquidation of enemy firms.\n\n1096. 17th \n1097. \n1098. \n*1099. \n1100. 20th \n1101. 22nd \n-1102. \n1103. \n1104. 23rd Cypher\n\n1105. \n1106. Code \n1107. \n1108. \n1109. \n1110. 25th \n门1111. \n1112. 27th \n1113. \n*1114.\n\n| Date | Telegram Content |\n| --- | --- |\n| 16th | Allows export of rubber to Kobe. Report as to period of liquidation of enemy firms. |\n| 17th | |\n| 18th | |\n| 20th | Importation of private goods into Russian Territory via Vladivostock temporarily prohibited. |\n| | Allows export of pepper to Dairen, Kobe, and Newchwang. |\n| 22nd | Allows export of sesamum-seed and hemp to Japan. Allows export of copra to Japan on certain conditions which apply all shipments to Japan. |\n| 23rd | Export of margarine to Manila not allowed. Allows export of tin to New York & Kobe. Export of soda-ash to Kobe not allowed. Allows export of lard to Balny. All export of peanut-oil to U.S.A. Bunkers to ships carrying goods for Swedish Government. |\n| 24th | Allows export of sheet-steel to Osaka. Allows export of pepper to Chinkiang and Shanghai. Allows export of pepper to Hankow. Allows export of pepper to Tientsin. |\n| 25th | Ships under construction for Siam Steam Navigation Co. to be allowed to be placed under Siamese flag. Allows export of certain oils to Kobe, Iloilo, U.S.A., Honolulu, Manila and Japan. Singapore cocoanut-oil should not be re-exported to any foreign country. Allows export of gambier to Manila on certain conditions. |\n| 27th | Shipment of wood-oil should not be permitted. As to whether shipment of guts to Manila has been made. Allows export of peanuts to Seattle and San Francisco. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 463863, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 126, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "#1097\n\n**Telegram**\n\nFrom: **SECRETARY OF STATE**\nTo: **OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT, HONGKONG**\nDate: 18th November, 1936\n\nYour telegram of 8th November regarding Pepper Dairen, Newchwang, Kobe, no objection on usual conditions.\n\n**BONAR LAW**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464054, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 318, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "# Code and Cypher Telegrams from the Secretary of State to the Officer Administering the Government, Hongkong\n\n## November 29th Code 119\n## November 30th Code 122\n## December 1st Code 124\n## December 2nd Code 127\n## December 5th Code 129\n## December 6th Code 132\n## December 7th Code 139\n\n| Date | Code | Message |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 29th | 119 | Cypher |\n| 30th | 122 | Cypher |\n| 1st | 124 | Allows export of peanut-oil to San Francisco, Honolulu and Manila. |\n| | | Allows export of hemp to Kobe. |\n| 2nd | 127 | Allows export of peanuts to Seattle. |\n| | | Recruiting of Chinese coolies by the French Government. |\n| 5th | 129 | Allows export of pepper to Manila. |\n| | | Allows export of steel plates, bars and angles to Bangkok. |\n| | | Allows export of tin to New York. |\n| | | Allows export of peanut-oil to Bangkok, Honolulu and U.S.A. |\n| | | As to whether facilities exist for building new ships in Hongkong. |\n| 6th | 132 | Allows export of sugar to Yokohama, |\n| | | Return of enemy property required for Public Trustee. |\n| | | Allows export of pepper to Chinkiang. |\n| | | Allows export of steel plates to Batavia. |\n| | | Allows export of pepper to Tsingtau, Chefoo, Newchwang, Shanghai. |\n| | | Allows export of tin to San Francisco. |\n| | | Allows export of pepper to Tientsin, Hankow, Chinkiang and Shanghai. |\n| 7th | 139 | Allows export of hemp to Kobe and Cantharides to Paris. |\n| | | Allows export of rubber to Japan. |\n| | | Allows export of peanut-oil to U.S.A. |\n| | | Allows export of gallnuts & Copra to Kobe, Shipments of hunny bage to Dairen allowed if consignments do not exceed 100. |\n| | | Instructions for detention of Greek ships and all ships having cargo for Greece. |\n| | | Allows export of peanuts to Tacoma. |\n| | | Enquires when linseed oil shipped from United Kingdom, |\n| | | Allows export of peanut-oil, sesamum-oil to New York. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464076, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 340, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "# Translation of CODE Telegram\n\n**SECRETARY OF STATE**\n\nto \n\n**OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT, HONG KONG**\n\nDate \n6th December, 1916.\n\nConsul-General, Dairen, states that you are allowing shipments of gunny bags to small dealers there not on approved list. No objection to this arrangement if consignment does not exceed 100.\n\n**BONAR LAW**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464092, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 356, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "## Code Telegrams to the Secretary of State from the Officer Administering the Government, Hongkong\n\n| Date | Telegram Content |\n| --- | --- |\n| November 30th | Requests permission to export ginger to Holland. |\n| December 2nd | Requests permission to export peanut-oil to San Francisco, New York, Panama and Portland; and cocoanut-oil to Kobe. |\n| 4th | Requests permission to export old rubber to Yokohama and Kobe. |\n| 5th | Requests permission to export sesamum-seed to Kobe. |\n| 6th | Requests permission to export peanuts to Valparaiso. |\n| 7th | Asks for reply to telegram of 25th October. |\n| | Laichikok Depot placed at disposal of French Consul for housing chinese coolies. |\n| | Return of tin exported. |\n| | Trade in rattan and ebony from Celebes and Dutch Borneo, |\n| | Shipment of guts. |\n| | Proposed sale of leather by Chinese in Hong Kong. |\n| | Shipment of soda-ash. |\n| 8th | Requests permission to export Quick-silver and vermillion to Osaka. |\n| | Requests permission to export pepper to Tsingtau, Szechuan, Hankow and Lima. |\n| 9th | Requests permission to export peanut-oil to San Francisco and Line, Linseed-oil to Banca and cocoanut-oil to Nagoya. |\n| | Requests permission to export sheep-skin to Nagoya. |\n| | Requests permission to export peanuts to Tacoma, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Seattle. |\n| | Liquidation of enemy firms. |\n| | Further remittance on account of Hongkong War Loan. |\n| | Facilities for ship-building in Hongkong. |\n| | Requests permission to export peanuts to Chili. |\n| | Requests permission to export pepper to Dairen. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464115, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 379, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "## Translation of CODE Telegram\n\n**HOTT**\n\nFrom \n**OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT, HONGKONG.**\n\nTo \n**SECRETARY OF STATE.**\n\nDate \n9th December, 1916.\n\nMay I permit export of 240 piculs Singapore pepper to Wing Sang Cheung, Dairen.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464187, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 451, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "# SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1916.\n\n## INDO-CHINA STEAM NAVIGATION CO., LTD.\n\n### PROJECTED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG (SUBJECT TO ALTERATION)\n\nFor HAIPHONG... *MANILA *PORN, PENANG & U'CUTTA KUTSANG †SHANGHAI *MANILA †SHANGHAI ‡SANDAKAN\n\nHONGKONG-NEW YORK REGULAR SAILINGS via PORTS & SUEZ & PANAMA CANALS. (with liberty to call at the Malabar Coast.)\n\n(It is intended that the above vessel will proceed via Panama Canal).\n\n### NATAL LINE OF STEAMERS\n\nTAKING Cargo on through Bills of Lading to SOUTH AFRICAN PORTS with transhipment at CALCUTTA, in conjunction with the INDO CHINA STEAM NAVIGATION CO., LTD. AND APCAR LINE,\n\n| Steamer | To Sail | Date | Time |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| TAKSANG | ... | Sat., 18th Dec. | 7 a.m. |\n| LOONGSANG | Satur. | 16th Dec. | 3 p.m. |\n| WINGSANG | Mon., 18th Dec. | Noon | |\n| YUENSANG | Thurs., 21st Dec. | D'light | |\n| KWONGSANG | Satur., 23rd Dec. | 3 p.m. | |\n| HINSANG | Sun., 24th Dec. | D'light | |\n| | Fri., 5th Jan. | Noon | |\n\n## RETURN TOURS TO JAPAN\n\nThe steamers Kutsang, Namsang, Laisang and Fooksang leave about every 3 weeks and generally call at Shanghai en route for Japan, returning via Kobe Inland Sea and Moji to Hongkong. Time occupied 23 days. This service is supplemented by the Yatshing, Kumsang, loar THE \"NANYO YUSEN KAISHA ing Hongkong at regular intervals for Yokohama (with sufficient inducement is offering) Kobe and Moji and returning thence direct to Hong-kong. Time occupied 19 days. These vessels have all modern improvements and gas finding shuangbest with Electric Light At ddly qua tien surgeon is is carried.\n\n*Steamers have superior accommodation for First Class Passengers, and fitted throughout with Electric Light.\n\nTaking cargo on Through Bills of Lading to Yangtze Ports, Chefoo, Tientsin, Daluy, Weihaiwei.\n\n*Taking cargo on Through Bills of Lading to Kudat, Lahad Datu, Simporna, Tawao, Usukan, Jesselton and Labuan.\n\nUnder Straits Government Passport Regulations. All European Passengers leaving the Colony for Straits Settlement and required to produce on arrival at destination passports with their Photographs and description. affixed thereto.\n\nFor Freight or Passage on any of the above Lines apply to:-\n\n**DODWELL & CO., LTD., Agents.**\n**BRITISH INDIA S.N. CO., LTD.**\nFor Freight or Passage apply to:- \n**JARDINE, MATHESON & CO., LTD.**\nTelephone No. 915.\nGENERAL MANAGERS.\n\n## BRITISH INDIA S. N. CO., LTD.\n\n### NEW SERVICE OF STEAMERS BETWEEN Yokohama, Kobe, Hongkong and Rangoon.\n\n**APCAR LINE.**\nREGULAR SERVICE BETWEEN Straits, Calcutta, Shanghai and Japan Ports.\n\n| Direction | |\n| --- | --- |\n| EASTWARD | WESTWARD |\n\nThe above steamers have excellent saloon accommodation for passengers and are fitted with all modern conveniences and carry a duly qualified surgeon. Steamers are despatched Eastward and Westward at regular intervals taking Passengers and cargo at current rates.\n\nFor Freight or Passage, apply to:-\n**JARDINE, MATHESON & CO., LTD.**\nTelephone No. 215.\nFor GINOA.. \n**DAVID SASSOON & CO., LTD., Agents.**\n**O. S. K. OSAKA SHOSEN KAISHA.**\n\n## R.M.S.P. STEAM PACKET CO.\n\n### REGULAR SERVICES, PROPOSED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG.\n\n### PROJECTED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG.\n\nSUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.\n\n| Steamer | Date of departure |\n| --- | --- |\n| MERIONETHSHIRE | |\n\n### TRANS-PACIFIC SERVICE.\n\nSAILINGS TO VICTORIA, VANCOUVER, SEATTLE TACOMA AND PORTLAND.\n\nFor Freight and further particulars apply to:-\n**JARDINE, MATHESON & CO., LTD.**\nTelephone No. 251, Sub-Ex. No. 10.\n**C. N. AGENTS.**\n**CHINA NAVIGATION CO., LTD.**\n\n### STEAMERS SAILINGS.\n\nSAILINGS SUBJECT TO ALTERATION.\n\n| Destination | Steamer |\n| --- | --- |\n| MANILA, CEBU & ILOILO | YINCH3HOW |\n| SHANGHAI | TAMING |\n| SHANGHAI | KIUKIANG SINKIANG ANRUL TEAN |\n\n### North American Line.\n\n(TRANS PACIFIC). \n\"MEXICO MARU\"\n\n### South American Line.\n\nFOR VICTORIA, SETTLE & TACOMA, via SHANGHAI, MANILA, NAGASAKI, MOJI, KOBE, AND YOKOHAMA \nThurs., 28th December, 3 p.m.\n\nFOR RIODE JANEIRO BUENOS AIRES, (EAST COAST via CAPE TOWN). via SINGAPORE, DURBAN & CAPE TOWN.\n\"KASADO MARU\" \nMon., 1st January, 1917. Noon.\n\nFOR BOMBAY, via SINGAPORE, PORT SWETTENHAM, PENANG and COLOMBO. \nSatur., 30th December. 7 a.m.\n\nFOR MANILA, SANDAKAN, SINGAPORE, BATAVIA, SAMARANG, SOURABAYA & MACASSAR \nWednes., 27th December, Noon.\n\n## TOYO KISEN KAISHA\n\n### NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES,\n\nSAN FRANCISCO LINE.\n\nVia SHANGHAI, NAGASAKI, The INLAND SEA, KOBE, YOKOHAMA and HONOLULU,\n\n| Steamer | LEAVE HONGKONG | Tons and Speed |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| TENYO MARU | 19th December | 22,000 21 kts. |\n| NIPPON MARU | 4th January, 1917 | 11,000 15 kts. |\n| SHINYO MARU | 17th January | 22,000 21 kts. |\n| PERSIA MARU | 27th January | 9,000 14 kts. |\n| KOREA MARU | 10th February | 18,000 18 kts. |\n\n* Cargo only.\n† Leaves Nagasaki for San Francisco.\n\n### FIRST CLASS TO LONDON \nG. $348. (£71.10) Return (6 mons.); G. $609.(£122).\n\nTO S. FRANCISCO G. $250. G. $487.50. \nSPECIAL RATES given to NAVAL and MILITARY, CIVIL SERVANTS, MISSIONARIES, ETC. \nROUND THE WORLD tickets issued in connection with all the principal MAIL LINES and the Trans-Siberian Railway,\nPassengers may travel by RAILWAY between ports of call in Japan free of charge.\n\n## SOUTH AMERICAN LINE.\n\nVia JAPAN PORTS, HONOLULU, HILO, SAM FRANCISCO, LOS ANGELES, BALINA CRUZ PANAMA, CALLAO, IQUIQUE and VALPARAISO thence by TRANS ANDEAN ROUTE to BUENOS AIRES ETC.\n\n| Steamer | Tons and Speed | LEAVE HONGKONG |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| KIYO MARU | 1,720 14 kts. | 9th January, 1917 |\n\nFor full particulars as to Passage and Freight apply to \nTelephone No. 291. \n**T. DAIGO. AGENT.** \nKing's Building.\n\n## \"ELLERMAN\" LINE.\n\n(Ellerman & Bucknall Steamship Co., Ltd.)\n\nTO JAPAN, CHINA AND STRAITS \nUNITED KINGDOM & CONTINENT.\n\nSteamers proceed via Suez Canal or Cape Good Hope at Owners' option.\n\nSubject to change without notice. \nFor rates of freight and further information, apply to:-* \n**THE BANK LINE, LTD.** \nGeneral Agents.\nOR TO \n**REISS & Co.,** \nCANTON.\n\n## NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA] (THE JAPAN MAIL S.S. CO., LD.)\n\n### PROJECTED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG\n\n| Destination | Steamer | Date |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| LONDON VIA SINGAPORE, MALACCA, PANG, C'BO, DELAGOA BAY. TOWN, AND TEREKIPE DE | MALAY MARU | Sun., 17th December, 10 a.m. |\n| SYDNEY & MELBOURNE V. | \"SHIBETORO MARU” | Thurs., 21st December, 8 a.m. |\n| MANILA, ZAMBOANGA, THURSDAY ISLAND, T'SVILLE & BRISBANE, | | |\n| VICTORIA, B.C., & S'TLE, VIA SHANGHAI, MOJI, KOBE. NAGOYA, AND УОКОНАМА | | |\n| BOMBAY VIA SINGAPORE, MALACCA & COLOMBO. | | 19 December, 4 p.m. |\n| CALCUTTA VIA S'PORE, PENANG AND RANGOON | | 21 December, 4 p.m. |\n| NAGASAKI, KOBE AND YOKOHAMA | KAIJO MARU | 24 December, D'light |\n| SHANGHAI, KOBE AND YOKOHAMA | \"SOSHI MARU\" | 26 December, 1 p.m. |\n\nThese Formosan Liners will arrive at and depart from the SOON YIP WHARF near the Harbour Office. While the steamer is alongside the Wharf, Telephone No. 76, will be fixed.\n\nFor further information, apply to:-\nTelephone Nos. 744 & 745.\n**H. YAMAUCHI, MANAGER.**\nNo. 1 Queen Building.\n\n## DIRECT SAILINGS TO WEST RIVER, twice weekly,\n\n8.8. \"LINTAN\" and 8.8. \"SANUI.\"\n\n### MANILA LINE.\n\nThe Twin Screw Steamers Chinhua, Taming and Tean. Excellent Saloon accommodation amidships. Electric fans fitted. Extra state-room on deck, aft on Taming and Tean.\n\n### SHANGHAI LINE.-Passengers, MAILS & CARGO.\n\n8.8. Arhui. L'henan, Luchow, Yingchow, Shantung and Sinkiang, with excellent accommodation, electric light and fans in Saloon and State-rooms, maintain a regular schedule service between Canton, Hong-Long and Shanghai, leaving Hongkong for Shanghai direct every Tues-day. Thursday and Sunday, taking cargo on through Bills of Lading to Yangtaze and Northern China Ports. Passengers are landed in Thanghai, avoiding the inconvenience of transhipment at Woosung.\n\nFor Freight or Passage, apply to:-\nTelephone No. 30 \n**BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE, AGENTS.**\n\n## DOUGLAS STEAMSHIP. CO., LTD.\n\n### HONGKONG & SOUTH CHINA COAST PORT SERVICE.\n\nREGULAR SERVICE of Fast, High Class Coast Steamers having good accommodation for First Class Passengers. Electric Light and Fans in Staterooms and Saloons and Excellent Cuisine.\n\n| Steamer | Captain | Leaving | For |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| \"HAIHONG\" | Capt. J. W. Evans | Fri., 22nd Dec., 1 a.m. | SWATOW, AMOY & FOOCHOW |\n| \"HAITAN\" | Capt. A. E. Hodgins | Fri., 29th December, 1 a.m. | |\n| \"HAIHONG\" | Capt. J. W. Evans | Tues., 10th Dec., 10 a.m. | SWATOW |\n| \"HAITAN\" | Capt. A. E. Hodgins | Sun., 24th December, 10 a.m. | |\n\nArrivals and Departures from the Company's Wharf (near Blake Pier).\n\nFor Freight and Passage, apply to:-\n**DOUGLAS LAPRAIK & CO.,** \nGeneral Managers.\n\n## \nSHANGHAI AND KOBE\n\nSUBJECT TO ALTERATION\n\n| Steamer | Tons | Date | Time |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| SKAMO MARU | 16,000 | Thurs., 29th Dec. | at Noon |\n| SKASHIMA MARU | 21,000 | Thurs., 4th Jan. | at Noon |\n| NIKKO MARU | 9,600 | Tues., 16th Jan. | at 11 a.m. |\n| SAKI MARI | 13,500 | Tues., 13th Feb. | at 11 a.m. |\n| STAMBA MARU | 12,500 | Tues., 19th Dec. | at Noon |\n| SHIDZUOKA MARU | 12,500 | Wed, 3rd Jan. | at Noon |\n| YETOROFU MARU | 8,000 | Thurs., 21st Dec. | |\n| TOSA MARU | 10,000 | Satur., 23rd Dec. | |\n| NIKKO MARU | 9,600 | Thurs., 4th Jan. | at 10 am |\n| SUWA MARU | 21,000 | Satur., 16th Dec. | |\n| TOTOMI MARU | 8,000 | To-day | at 9 a.m. |\n| YAMAGATA MARU | 8,000 | To-day | at Noon |\n\n## EASTBOUND NEW YORK LINE VIA PANAMA CANAL (CARGO ONLY).\n\n| Destination | Steamer | Tons | Date |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| NEW YORK V. SHANGGAI, KOBE, NAGOYA. Y'HAMA, S. FRANCISCO, PENANG AND COLON. | STOYOOKA MARU | 15,000 | Early February |\n\nFor further information apply to:-\n- 292 & 203.\n**NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA, B. MORI, Manager**\n\n## MESSAGERIES MARITIME S\n\n### FRENCH MAIL LINE.\n\nFORTNIGHTLY SERVICE TO & FROM JAPAN VIA SHANGHAI, \nFORTNIGHTLY SERVICE TO & FROM EUROPE VIA SUEZ CANAL.\n\n| Steamer | To Sail | For |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| \"ARMAND BEHIC\" | On or about 19th December | SHANGHAI, KOBE & YOKOHAMA |\n| \"AMAZONE\" | On or about 18th December | MARSEILLES via HAI-PHONG, TOURANE & SAIGON |\n\nSubject to immediate alteration without notice:---\nReturn Tickets to Europe available two years. \nReturn Tickets to Intermediate Ports available six months. \nFor Further Particulars apply to:-\nTelephone No. 740.\n**P. THOMAS, Agent.** \nQueer's Building, HONGKONG\n\n## \"BEN\" LINE OF STEAMERS.\n\nThe Steamship **\"BENAVON,\"** \nFrom MIDDLESBRO', LONDON and STRAITS. \nConsignees of Cargo are hereby informed that all Goods are being landed at their risk into the hazard- and or extra hazardous Go- downs of the Hongkong and Kow-loon Wharf and Godown Co., Ltd., whence and or from the wharves de-livery may be obtained.\n\nNo Claims will be admitted after the Goods have left the Godowns, and all Goods remaining undeliver-ed after the 18th Dec.. will be sub-ject to rent.\n\nAll Claims against the Steamer must be presented to the Under-signed on or before the 25th inst., or they will not be recognized.\n\nAll broken, scale, and damaged Goods are to be left in the Go-downs, where they will be examined on the 18th Dec., at 11 a.m.\n\nNo Fire Insurance has been effected.\n\nBills of Lading will be counter-signed by \n**GIBB, LIVINGSTON & Co.** \nAgents, \nHongkong. 11th Dec., 1916.\n\n## SHIPPING.\n\n### ARRIVALS.\n\n| Date | Steamer | Tons | Captain | Cargo | From | Remarks |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 13th December | Riojun Maru | 2,979 | Y. Yamaguchi | General | Maji, Dec. | H.-D. and Co. |\n| | Yamagata Maru | 2,216 | K. Kudo | Miscellaneous goods | Colombo, Nov. 23 | X. Y. K. |\n| | Haklix | 1,063 | A. Sveen | Rice | Swatow, Dec. 12 | C. S. S. N. and Co. |\n| | Yingchow | 1,222 | D. Martin | General | Shanghai. Dec, 10 | B. and S. |\n| | Kwanglee | 1,463 | Sangster | General | Shanghai, Dec. 10 | C. M. 8. N. and Co. |\n| | Sakuki Maru | 1,299 | T. Fumoto | Coal | Dairen. Dec. | M. and Co. |\n| 14th December | Ni-sin Maru | 619 | N. Hyodo | Coal | Keelung, Dec. 12 | |\n| | Hawirto | 1,272 | J. Smith | Rice | Saigon, Dec. 7 | Chinese. |\n| | Huichow | 1,260 | G. Hooker | Coal | Haiphong, Dec. 11 | B. and S. |\n| | Totomi Maru | 2,021 | N. Kamada | General | Singapore, Dec. 2 | N. Y. K. |\n| | Tamba Maru | 3,599 | K Akamatsu | General | Shanghai | N. Y. K. |\n| | Protesilaus | 6,118 | A. Braithwaite | General | Kutchinotzu, Dec. 10 | B. & S. |\n\n### PASSENGERS.\n\n#### ARRIVED.\n\nVingehow (arrived on Dec. 13th) from Shanghai, etc. :- \nMessrs. Richards, Lawson. Wong, O. F. Woon and servant.\n\n### MOVEMENTS OF STEAMER3.\n\nThe P. & O. S. N. Company's s.s. Nankin left Shanghai for Hongkong on the 12th inst. at 3 p.m. with the homeward English mails, and is due here on the 15th inst. at about 9 a.m. \nThe s.s. Japan left Calcutta on the 3rd Dec., and may be expected here on or about the 21st Dec.\n\nThe Pacific Mail s.s. Ecuador left Yokohama, December 12th, a.m. for Hongkong via Kobe, Shanghai and Manila, and may be expected to arrive here on Dec. 23rd. She will leave for San Francisco Dec. 25th at noon.\n\ns.s. Colombia The Pacific Mail will leave San Francisco for Hong-kong. via Honolulu, and Japan Ports on March 14th, 1917.\n\nA second wireless has been received from the s.s. Suwa Maru to say that she expects to arrive at the examination anchorage at 3 p.m. to-day, instead of 7 p.m. as previously wirelessed.\n\nThe P. and O. outward \"mail steamer Karmala with the London mails of the 30th ultimo, arrived at Port Said on Tuesday, the 12th inst.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464245, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 509, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "## Code and Cypher Telegrams from the Secretary of State to the Governor, Hongkong.\n\n| Telegram No. | Date | Subject |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1154 | November 30th | Code |\n| 1155 | December 14th | Code |\n| 1156 | | |\n| 1157 | 15th | |\n| 1158 | 16th | |\n| 1159 | | $ |\n| 1160 | 18th | Cypher |\n| 1161 | | Code |\n| 1162 | | |\n| 1163 | | |\n| 1164 | 19th | Cypher |\n| 1165 | | Code |\n| 1166 | | |\n| 1167 | | |\n| 1168 | | |\n| 1169 | | |\n| 1170 | | T |\n| 1171 | | P |\n| 1172 | | |\n| 1173 | | |\n| 1174 | | KI |\n| 1175 | 23rd | |\n| 1176 | | |\n| 1177 | 20th, 21st, 22nd | |\n\nREG 3 FEB 17\n\nAs to the number of officers allowed to go on active service, and the number of European employees in Government of military age.\n\nExportation by Nestle Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Co. of milk to China and Vladivostock.\n\nReports death of P.B. Gardner.\n\nShipment of pig-iron not allowed.\n\nAllows export of pepper to China & Peru.\n\nProhibition of publication of shipping intelligence in the press.\n\nAllows export of tallow to Kobe and lard to Lima.\n\nRequirement of small arm ammunition for 1917.\n\nExport of rattans and ebony.\n\nCensorship of correspondence of Chinese coolies for France.\n\nCensorship of mails emanating from or addressed to French territory.\n\nAllows export of pepper to Dairen. Asks for particulars of the leather intended for sale in England.\n\nAllows export of peanut-oil to San Francisco & Lima, cocoanut-oil to Japan.\n\nAllows export of peanut-oil to Iloilo, San Francisco, castor-oil to Iloilo.\n\nAllows export of soda-ash to Kobe.\n\nAllows export of rubber to Kobe.\n\nDetention of Greek ships.\n\nAllows export of wire rope and mild steel to Batavia.\n\nAllows export of peanut-oil to Honolulu and Seattle.\n\nRequests report on s.s. \"Frisia\".\n\nShips built for neutral owners during war should be chartered for service to allied countries.\n\nCargo on s.s. \"Kafue\".\n\nAllows export of railroad babbitt to Manila.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464258, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 522, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "## Translation of COME Telegram\nFrom **SECRETARY OF STATE**.\nTo **GOVERNOR, HONGKONG**.\nDate **19th December, 1916**.\n\n1165-518\n\nTo Your telegram of 9th December. Pepper Dairen no objection on usual conditions.\n\nLONG.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464277, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 541, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "# Code Telegrams to the Secretary of State from the Governor, Hongkong.\n\n3 FEB 17\n\n## Number of officers allowed to go on active service, and number of officers of military age.\n\n| Code | Date | Description |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 988 | December 10th | Return of tin exported. |\n| 989 | | |\n| 990 | 19th | |\n| 991 | 20th | Requests permission to export peanut-oil to Honolulu, Macassar, New York and Seattle. |\n| 992 | | Requests permission to export peanuts to Tacoma. |\n| 993 | 15th | Requests permission to export lard to Lima. |\n| 994 | | Requests permission to export pepper to Tsingtau. |\n| 995 | | Date of shipment of linseed-oil from United Kingdom. |\n| 996 | 21st | Requests permission to export peanut-oil to San Francisco. |\n| 997 | | Trade marks of enemy firms. |\n| 998 | | Requests permission to export cantharides to Marseilles. |\n| 999 | | Requests permission to export peanut-oil to Manila. |\n| 1000 | 22nd | Requests permission to export lard to Callao. |\n| 1001 | | Requests permission to export steel plates, angles and bars to Bangkok. |\n| 1002 | | As to whether the prohibition of publishing shipping intelligence in the press applies to neutral and allied shipping. |\n| 1003 | 23rd | Requests permission to export peanut-oil to San Francisco. |\n| 1004 | | Requests permission to export pepper to Tchang and Yokohama. |\n| 1005 | | Requests permission to export chili and wax to Bangkok. |\n| 1006 | | Address of ... |\n| 1007 | | Requests permission to import bottling wire from England. |\n| 1008 | | Requests permission to export pepper to Dairen and Henkow. Reparation for submarine outrages on merchant vessels as a peace condition. |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464298, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "page_number": 562, "title": "CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12]", "content_text": "# Translation of CODE Telegram\n## GOVERNOR, HONGKONG \n## SECRETARY OF STATE\n### 23rd December, 1916\n\n| From | To | Date |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| SECRETARY OF STATE | GOVERNOR, HONGKONG | 23rd December, 1916 |\n\n1007 \n558 \n\nMay I permit export of Singapore Pepper 130 piculs \nTeang Shun Yee, Dairen, 500 Tuen Hing Sang, Hankow.\n\nMAY.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-436 - Acting Governor Claud Sever & Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1916 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464445, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916", "page_number": 5, "title": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916", "content_text": "#FL \n## FROM Foreign Office \n## DATE \n## SUBJECT \n\n1 Aug. Disturbances in Kwanglung. \n3 \n4 \n5 \n12 \n4 \n17 \n* \n18 \n4 \n21 \n\n14 \n26 \n\n29 \n\" \n3 Sept. \n7 \nH \nA \n\" \nH \n4 \n10\" \n28 u \n\n4 \n9 \nA \n13 \n4 \n18 \nmails from United States Asiatic Fleet. \n\n20 Oct. \nf \n23. \nZur A.B. Scott. \n24 \n26 \n27 \nCanton Hankow Railway. \nH \n18 \nr \n30 \n\" \n31 \n\n15 \nA \n13 \nA \n28 \n4 \n30 \nH \n\n1 Dec. \n// \n13 \nA \n424 \nA \n23 + \n26 * \n\n Foreign Office | DATE | SUBJECT \n---------|------|--------- \n1 | Aug. | Disturbances in Kwanglung. \n3 | | \n4 | | \n5 | | \n12 | 4 | \n17 | * | \n18 | 4 | \n21 | | Shanghai Registry of Companies. \n14 | | Deutsche Orientalische Bank. \n26 | | Canton Kowloon Railway. \n | | Danish Goods for H.K. & Whampoa Dock Co. \n29 | | Payments to Enemy Employees & Partners and Situation at Kwanghung. \n\" | | Silk Prohibition. \n3 Sept. | | Caine. \n7 | | British American Tobacco Co & China (Companies) Steamers under Construction at Hongkong \nH | | Detention of Small Arms & Ammunition. \nA | | Steamers under Construction at Hongkong. \n\" | | Labour Corps of Chinese Coolies. \nH | | \"American International Corporation\". \n4 | | Labour Corps of Chinese Coolies. Contingent. \n10 | \" | Smuggling of Opium from Inação to Mexico. Jurisdiction over certain lands in neighbourhood to Inação \n28 | u | Establishment in H.K. of Branch of Bank of China Labour Corps of Chinese Coolies. \n4 | Del. | Detention of Small Arms Ammunition. \n9 | | Labour Corps of Chinese Coolies. \nA | | Shipments of Hemp to Scandinavia. Antimony to New York. \n13 | | Indian Sedition. \n4 | | \n18 | | mails from United States Asiatic Fleet. \n20 | Oct. | Branch Bank of China at Hongkong. \n | | Detention of Small Arms Ammunition \nf | | Indian Sedition. \n23. | | Zur A.B. Scott. \n24 | | \n26 | | Canton Hankow Railway. \n27 | | Branch Bank of China at Hongkong· \nH | | Detention of Arms & Ammunition for Scam. \n18 | r | Japanese in British Eastern Possessions Draft Anglo- Chinese Customs Agreement. \n30 | | Wolframite \n\" | | \"Haldi's\" \n31 | | Chinese Opium Agreement, 1915. \n | | 3400. Spurious Opium from Inação for Mexico. \n15 | A | the Basel Mission. \n13 | A | Activities of Indian Sedition.. \n28 | 4 | mails on \n30 | | French Packet Boats. \nH | | Proposal to Raise Troops in Hongkong. \n1 Dec. | | Export of Gunny Bags to Dairen \n// | | \n13 | A | Activities of Basel Mission - \nA | | Ships Building for Norwegian Firm. \n424 | A | Inação. \n | | Yellow Labour in Russia. \n23 | + | Situation in China. \n | | Branch Bank \n26 | * | of Norwegian Ships under Construction at H.K. \n | | of China. \n\n(47612A) Wt 12218/2108 2000 10/28 H & J, Ld Cp 113", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464573, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916", "page_number": 133, "title": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916", "content_text": "## \n312 \n\nB/L NO. \n128 \n\nMarks \nS & T \n2322 \nNOS. \n\n| Packares | Contents | Documents Issued at |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 79481/ 38 pkgs | 518 Faper | Hamburg |\n| 146 | 50 | Kobe |\n| 163 | 13 | Kobe |\n| 828 | 74 | Mitsui & Co.Ltd |\n| 4 | 1 c/ blankets | 02 |\n| 28 | 90 | 1/15 15\" springa |\n| 164 | do | Antwerp, Dairen, Dalny |\n| PK | 14 | Dalny |\n| 165 | 90 | Dalny |\n| 92 | 91 | JM 1 \" apparatus |\n| 131 | = | Hamburg |\n| 1 | iron goods | 15 Dalny |\n| 91 | 166 | 90 82 |\n| 1 #1 | 16 | optical instruments |\n| 168 | 90 | 86 1/81 81 #1 cells |\n| 7007 TA | 169 | Moji |\n| 2 | 231 | Yokohama |\n| 170 | ITOKO | 63 22760 |\n| 22677 | 22705 | Kobe |\n| 22505 | 122 | 1 122 |\n| 1 | 書爨 blankets | Clocks, Yokohama |\n| Anton Gunther | \"1 容量 \" | Kobe, Perforators |\n| 171. | A T k/ C98 | American Trad- Co. |\n| 101/25 | 223 | 25 Colors, Chemicals |\n| 19 | 量 | 172 | \n##", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464607, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916", "page_number": 167, "title": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[38737]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[February 28.]\n\n165\n\n## SECTION 1\n\n**Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received February 28.)**\n\n(No. 35. Confidential.)\n\nSir,\n\nPeking, February 1, 1916,\n\nIN continuation of my despatch No. 7 of the 6th ultimo on the subject of morphia in China, I have the honour to enclose copy of a despatch from His Majesty's consul-general at Shanghai, calling attention to the desirability of limiting the export of the drug from the United Kingdom in accordance with the legitimate needs of the Japanese and Far Eastern markets.\n\n(Copy to Tokyo.)\n\n### Enclosure in No. 1\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN,\n\n(No. 22.)\n\n**Consul-General Sir E. Fraser to Sir J. Jordan**\n\nShanghai, January 21, 1916.\n\nI HAVE the honour to invite your attention to the large quantities of morphia, which are now being imported into China from the United Kingdom, mainly through Japanese sources.\n\nTwo letters have come to my notice during the past week, in which attempts have been made to secure deliveries of considerable quantities of morphia from British and Allied firms. In one instance an order was proposed for 120 lb. tins of muriate of morphia, to be delivered every ten days to an address in Osaka, Japan. In another case an order was proposed for 500 oz. of cocaine hydro-chloride; and quotations were asked for a regular supply of 100 lb. a month of muriate of morphia, to be delivered in Dairen (Dalny); these orders have both been refused.\n\nI understand that large supplies of morphia and cocaine were imported into China in the past by German firms, who obtained some at least of their supplies through a firm (believed to be Spiegelmann and Co.) in Egypt.\n\nThe drugs were formerly distributed by German agents, who were touring the interior and conducting business in cotton, thread, dyes, and other articles, many of which were being handled on behalf of British firms. It is believed that large stocks are still held by German firms in Shanghai. The headquarters of the trade, however, has now passed to Japan, and a wholesale druggist (said to be Chobei Takata) of considerable financial standing is organising the work of distribution in China from Osaka in Japan. Some of the drugs are imported by him direct, others are supplied to Dairen (Dalny), and some are smuggled into Shanghai.\n\nI understand that the principal manufacturers of morphia and cocaine are resident in the United Kingdom, and that the chief market is in London. It would appear from the facts, which have come to my notice that exporters are permitted considerable latitude in regard to ultimate destination, and that a trade which is indefinitely more deleterious than the opium trade, is being allowed to grow up in China with the connivance of British firms, and to the detriment of the British name.\n\nI would suggest for your consideration that these facts be brought to the notice of the Board of Trade, and that steps be taken to estimate the legitimate needs of the Japanese and Far Eastern markets, and to impose some restrictions on the export of a drug of which the continued sale in China cannot fail to react unfavourably upon the health of the people and the good name of British firms.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nE. H. FRASER,\n\n[2548 ee-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 465166, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916", "page_number": 726, "title": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916", "content_text": "## FOREIGN OFFICE \nDecember 1916.\n\n**sir,**\n\nWith reference to the letter `224397/X` from this Department of the 15th ultimo regarding the export of gunny bags from Hong Kong to small Chinese dealers at Dairen who are not on the list of approved recipients for jute goods, I am directed by Lord Robert Cecil to suggest, subject to Mr. Secretary Bonar Law's concurrence that the Governor of Hong Kong should be asked to limit the concession referred to in Sir C. Greene's despatch No. **53b** of the 16th October to consignments of not more than one hundred bags.\n\nI am, **sir,**\n\nYour most obedient humble Servant,\n\n**Maurice de Nunsen**\n\nThe Under Secretary of State.\n\nIn any further communication on the subject, please quote No. `57844/724` and address `REGE 2 FL 16`.\n\nThe Under-Secretary of State, Foreign Office, London.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 465167, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916", "page_number": 727, "title": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916", "content_text": "## DRAFT\n### MINUTE\n\nReceived 4.35pm \n6 December \n\nCompiled Dairen \namuletic \nConvivial \n\nBritish Powers states that on \n02 You seafarer shipments of \nMr. Dixon 5th Dec. \nNr. Robinson 6/12 at once \n\nCopied to: \nMr. Grindle \nMr. Lambert \nMr. Read \nSir G. Fiddes \nMr. Steel-Maitland \nMr. Bonar Law \n\nCoker to F.O. 8/12/16 allowing \nJummy gumdragon bags \nAlmere Chinese dealers not \noffered list \nobblica \n\nNo objection \nancitibus arrangement \nenvermeil welkin \nif consignments 100 bags \ndo not exceed \nthis \nto connate... \n\nFO. H. Kong 57844/16 \n725 \nSov. H. Kong \nR. DEC.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 465401, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916", "page_number": 200, "title": "CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916", "content_text": "Any further communication should be \nto :- \n**THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY, (MARINE DEPARTMENT)**, \nAnd the following letter and number \nbe quoted:-- \n`M.18966`. \nTelegraphic Address. \n**BOARD TRADE, MARINE, LONDON**. \n194 \n**BOARD OF TRADE, (MARINE DEPARTMENT)**, \nC \n7, WHITEHALL GARDENS, \n34910 \nLONDON, S.W. \nRECO \n24th July, 1916. \nSir \nREGE 25 JUL 1! \n\nI am directed by the Board of Trade to transmit to you, for the information of Mr. Secretary Boner Law, the accompanying copy of a letter from Mr. H. P. King of Dairen which has been received from the Secretary to the Shipping Control Committee respecting the ships under construction at Hong Kong and Singapore for neutral owners. \n\nThe Board have made enquiries into the matter and they are informed that at the end of May last no vessels were under construction at Singapore, but that at Hong Kong the following vessels were under construction:- \n\n| Company | Nationality | Number of Vessels | Gross Tons |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| The Hong Kong & Whampoa Dock Co. Ltd. | Norwegian | 1 | 1350 |\n| | Siamese | 2 | 2150 |\n| | British | 2 | 2370 |\n| Taikoo Dockyard & Engineering Co. of Hong Kong Ltd. | British | 1 | about 6200 |\n| | British | 2 | 2500 |\n| | British (Colonial) | 3 | 2000 |\n\nIt will be seen that six of the fourteen vessels under construction are for neutral owners. \n\nThe Board desire me to state, for the information of the Secretary of State that under the provisions of Section 9(a) of the Munitions of War (Amendment) Act, 1916, they have power to certify the construction and repairs of merchant ships to be \"Munitions Work\" and that without the certificates which are issued by this Department in regard to particular ships, it is not possible for a shipbuilder or ship repairer to employ labour on the work or to obtain materials to execute the work. \n\nUnder Secretary of State, \nColonial Office.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 465402, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916", "page_number": 201, "title": "CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916", "content_text": "## M. 18966.\n\n195\n\n**T**\n\nThe construction of ships intended for British registry is limited in every way possible and the necessary certificates are issued by this Department, but the same facilities have not been granted in the case of neutral vessels except in those cases in which arrangements have been made for the vessel, when completed, to be chartered to an approved British firm for the period of the war and for some time afterwards at about half the current market rates. At present the whole question of the position of vessels building for neutral owners is under consideration with a view to the possibility of these vessels being ultimately completed for British registry.\n\nWith regard to the question of repairs, every facility is given in the case of British ships, but in the case of neutral ships facilities are not granted unless the vessel is employed in a trade favourable to this country or Allied countries. Further, if the repairs to the neutral vessel are of an extensive nature, the Board require the vessel to be time-chartered to an approved British firm.\n\nIt will be observed that in this way shipbuilding and shipping in the United Kingdom are controlled in the national interest. The Board desire me to suggest, for Mr. Bonar Law's consideration, that the authorities at Hong Kong might be invited to consider the advisability of instituting a similar system of control of the shipbuilding and ship-repairing facilities at Hong Kong.\n\nI have the honour to be, Sir,\n\nYour obedient Servant,\n\nAddress:\nc/o British Consulate,\nVladivostock.\n\nMy Lord,\n\nC.O. 34910\n**REC? REG 25**\n\nDairen, S. Manchuria, 6th June, 1916\n\nA short time ago I called your Lordship's attention to the shipbuilding facilities existing in Singapore and Hongkong, and suggested that arrangements should be made to utilise those yards for adding to our mercantile tonnage. Since then it has been prohibited to export from the United Kingdom any shipbuilding material.\n\nI now beg to call your Lordship's attention to the fact that, though it has been prohibited to export shipbuilding material from the United Kingdom, no steps have been taken to prevent the shipyards at Singapore or Hongkong from building vessels for neutral owners. Surely it is only logical that, if the export of material is prohibited, we should prohibit the export of the complete vessel. The shipyards at Singapore and Hongkong are enabled to carry on their work under the protection of the British flag, they pay no Imperial taxes, and the local taxes are negligible. These conditions enable these yards to work cheaply, but this cheapness is being utilised to the advantage of neutrals.\n\nAt the present moment one of the Hongkong shipyards is building large steamers for Norwegian and Swedish or Danish owners, and it would be no hardship if this yard were compelled to sell those vessels to British owners at prices to be fixed by our Government and the yards themselves to be declared under Government control.\n\nI am, your Lordship's obedient servant,\n\n(Sgd) H.P. King\n\nThe Right Hon. Earl Curzon,\nK.G., etc., etc., etc.\n\n118.\n\n**CO**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-438 - Public Offices - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 467836, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]", "page_number": 139, "title": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]", "content_text": "Page 137\n\nbe forfeited. At the same time I think you agree that the section should be used sparingly in cases where we could not take Prize Court proceedings\". \n\nand on 27th November, 1916:- \n\n\"I think that it would be better not to take proceedings \"for forfeiture. The cargo, however, should not be allowed \"to go forward\". \n\nThe case and dealt with accordingly, and in enquiry from the Consul General for the Netherlands was answered as follows:- \n\n8th March, 1917: In reply to your letter of the 2nd February I am directed to say that as the goods in question came from a firm on the Statutory List the Government are unable to allow them to be exported from Hongkong as any handling of the goods would amount to an offence under the law relating to trading with the enemy. \n\nIllustration 2. \n\nC.S.O.3746/16. 25 cases of bottled beer, transhipment cargo ex \"Dairen Maru\", consigned in May, 1916, to (S) La Société Coloniale Indo-Belge, Batavia, from San Francisco. I minuted as follows on 16.12.16 \n\n\"We have allowed cargo consigned to persons on the General \"Black List to be returned to the shippers in various cases, as there is no legal means of forfeiting such cargo or of \"prosecuting persons concerned in its carriage\". \n\n\"We have not allowed cargo consigned to firms on the \"statutory list to be returned to the shippers, except in cases where the cargo was shipped before the name appeared \"on that list. At least, I cannot find any notes of any such cases. \n\n\"We could take proceedings to forfeit the cargo under Ordinance No. 22 of 1915, section 11, as applied to the \"statutory list firms by Ordinance No. 4 of 1916 and the \"proclamation and Order in Council made thereunder. I think, \"however, that we should be very careful about using this \"power in cases where we could not condemn the cargo in the\n\nC6368.\n\nPage 138", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 467837, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]", "page_number": 140, "title": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]", "content_text": "Page 138\n\n\"Prize Court, and I think that it would be better simply to refuse to allow the cargo in this case to leave the\n\n\"Colony.\n\n\"In the case of statutory list cargo our instructions are to prosecute where possible but though the\n\n\"Captain of the \"Dairen\" may be liable technically the\n\n\"real culprits are the agents who accepted the cargo at\n\n\"the port of shipment, and they are outside our\n\n\"jurisdiction.\"\n\nThe cargo we eventually allowed to be returned to the shippers.\n\n(sd.) J. H. Kemp,\n\n10th. April, 1917.\n\nAttorney General.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 469396, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 270, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "(This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.)\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[147187]\n\n80.\n\nNo. 1.\n\n45528\n\nRec.\n\n17\n\n266\n\n[July 26.]\n\nSECTION I\n\nMr. Alston to Mr. Balfour.-(Received July 26.)\n\n(No. 172.) Sir,\n\nPeking, June 9, 1917.\n\nDURING the past year Sir John Jordan had the honour on several occasions to address your predecessor on the subject of the growing tendency to the morphia and cocaine habit that had become so noticeable in China. The last despatch on the subject was Sir John Jordan's No. 210 of the 11th August, 1916. Since that date the question appears to have lapsed, and there has been no revival, so far as I am aware, of the attempt on the part of the Chinese Government to cope with the evil by domestic legislation.\n\nMy attention has, however, been directed to the subject within the past few days by a passage which occurs towards the end of despatch No. 88 of the 2nd June from His Majesty's consul at Dairen to His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokyo. A copy of that despatch has, in all probability, already reached the Foreign Office, but to facilitate reference thereto, I take the liberty of enclosing a copy.*\n\nMr. Parlett writes: \"The same gentleman, speaking of the Mitsui Bussan Kwaisha, asserted that the latter looked for its profits in Manchuria chiefly to the sale of cocaine and morphia, and could, thanks to them, afford to disregard its losses in other directions.\"\n\nMr. Parlett may be right in his suggestion that the above statement is the exaggeration of a rival. But, on the other hand, it would seem to illustrate aptly the figures quoted by Sir W. Collins in his letter to Sir W. Langley of the 21st February, 1916 (see Lord Grey's despatch No. 78 of that date), and bear out the suggestions contained both there and elsewhere in the correspondence that the main traffic in these pernicious drugs is through Japan and into Manchuria.\n\nI am taking steps to ascertain from His Majesty's consul-general at Mukden whether any information as to the growth or reverse of the habit has come to his knowledge, and I am at the same time asking him for a report on any aspects of the question that may have come under his observations, together with an estimate on his part of the truth of the charge against the Mitsui Bussan Kwaisha.\n\nIn the meantime it would be of great assistance if I might be favoured with some statement as to the present position with regard to the export of these drugs from the United Kingdom. At a time when there is every reason to suppose that China may endeavour in the near future to obtain our consent to the total termination of the import of British opium, it would be well that I should be in a position to do what is possible—on humanitarian grounds if in no other—to bring about a cessation of the morphia habit, which threatens to replace opium so largely, and to my mind the cardinal measure in any just attempt would be by the stoppage of the export from the principal country of production, i.e., the United Kingdom, of all but the necessary and legitimate medical supplies, thereby rendering it impossible for the middleman—whether at Osaka or elsewhere—to continue to smuggle the drugs into this country to the ruin of the native population.\n\nI am sending a copy of this despatch to His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokyo.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nB. ALSTON,\n\n* Not printed.\n\n[2718 cc-1]\n\nPage 270\n\nPage 271", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 469397, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 271, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[147187]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nREG: 47P17\n\n[August 3.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n267\n\nSir,\n\nForeign Office to Home Office.\n\nForeign Office, August 3, 1917.\n\nI AM directed by Mr. Secretary Balfour, with reference to Mr. Delevingne's letter to Mr. Lyons of the 28th June, to transmit to you herewith, for the information of Secretary Sir George Cave, a copy of telegram No. 339, dated the 26th June, from His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires at Peking, also of despatch No. 172, dated the 9th June, from Mr. Alston, with a despatch to him from His Majesty's consul at Dairen, all relative to the proposed restrictions on the export of morphia, &c., from Great Britain to Japan.\n\nMr. Balfour has not yet requested Sir George Cave to enforce these restrictions, as he has not yet received any intimation from Sir C. Greene of the attitude adopted towards them by the Japanese Government, but it is desirable for political reasons that there should be no appearance of differentiating against Japan. Mr. Balfour would therefore be glad to receive Sir George Cave's observations on the desirability of restricting the export of morphia, &c., to China and to any other countries besides Japan which may be re-exporting these drugs to China, at the same time that their export to Japan is restricted.\n\nI am, &c.\n\nW. LANGLEY.\n\n[2719 e-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 469398, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 272, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "45528\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nREGE 14 SEP 17\n\n268\n\n[August 14.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n(158935)\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir C. Greene to Mr. Balfour.-(Received August 14.)\n\n(No. 444.) Sir,\n\nTokyo, July 9, 1917. WITH reference to your telegram No. 338 of the 3rd July, I have the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of a note which I have addressed to the Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs on the subject of export of morphia from United Kingdom to Japan.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nCONYNGHAM GREENE.\n\nM. le Ministre,\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nSir C. Greene to Viscount Motono.\n\nTokyo, July 9, 1917. WITH reference to my note No. 216 of the 11th June last, on the subject of the exportation of morphia from the United Kingdom to Japan, I have the honour to inform your Excellency that I am now in receipt of a telegram from His Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs stating that it has been decided not to grant licences for the export of morphia from the United Kingdom to Japan, and to the Kwantung Peninsula unless the applications for such licences are supported by certificates granted by the proper authorities either in Japan or in the Kwantung leased territory, showing that the morphia is for actual consumption in Japan or in Dairen and vicinity and is to be used for medicinal purposes only.\n\nIt is not the wish of His Majesty's Government to hamper in any way the legitimate trade in morphia and its derivatives, or to put any difficulties in the way of the medical profession, but in view of the many complaints which have been received on this subject, His Majesty's Government have decided to take this step of refusing licences as above indicated, and they trust that the Imperial Japanese Government will appreciate the reasons which have compelled them to take this course, and that they can count on the support and co-operation of the Imperial Japanese Government with regard to this matter.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\nCONYNGHAM GREENE.\n\n[2719 0-\n-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 469464, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 338, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL\n\n[194386]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[October 9.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nSir,\n\nWar Trade Department to Foreign Office.-(Received October 9.)\n\nWar Trade Department, October 8, 1917.\n\nIN reply to your letter of the 24th ultimo, I beg to inform you that the decision of His Majesty's Government, as stated in your letter, has been communicated to the National Health Insurance Commission, and that Department welcomes the decision of the Government to restrict the exports of morphia and cocaine as indicated in your letter. I am accordingly sending to-day a notice to the press and also to the \"Board of Trade Journal\" in the form of which a copy is enclosed.\n\nI am, &c.\n\nN. J. HIGHMORE.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nNotice published in \"Board of Trade Journal,” October 11, 1917.\n\nTHE Director of the War Trade Department gives notice that applications for licences to export morphia or cocaine from this country to Japan cannot be considered unless they are accompanied by certificates obtained from the Japanese Home Office or from the Japanese authorities of the Kwantung Leased Territories to the effect that the morphia and/or cocaine is for actual consumption in Japan or in Dairen and its vicinity, and is for medical purposes only.\n\nWar Trade Department, October 8, 1917.\n\n[2741-1]\n\n334\n\nPage 334\n\n \n\nPage 335", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 469508, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 382, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nC\n\n0\n\n61262\n\nREC\n\nOPIUM.\n\n[REG 14 DEC17]\n\n[June 23.]\n\nCONFIDENTIAL\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n[124486]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir,\n\nBoard of Trade to Foreign Office. (Received June 23.)\n\nBoard of Trade, June 22, 1917. WITH reference to your letter of the 15th June transmitting copy of a despatch from His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokyo respecting the exportation of morphia to Japan and Dairen, I am directed by the Board of Trade to refer to their letter of the 27th February last, and to state that they concur in the recommendation made by Sir C. Greene that His Majesty's Government should refuse applications for licences to export morphia to those destinations unless certificates are obtained from the Japanese Home Office, or from the authorities of the Kuantung Leased Territories to the effect that the morphia is for actual consumption in Japan or Dairen and is for medical purposes only.\n\nAs, however, the War Trade Department in the issue of licences to export morphia and its salts are advised not by this Department but by the National Health Insurance Commission, I am to suggest, for Mr. Balfour's consideration, that the War Trade Department should be requested to communicate the decision of His Majesty's Government to the Commission.\n\nI am,\n\n&c. H. FOUNTAIN.\n\n[2751 -1]\n\n377\n\n \nPage 377\n\nPage 378", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 469509, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 383, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\nC.O.\n\n61262\n\nRect.\n\nOPIUM.\n\nREG. 14 DEC. 17.\n\n[June 15.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[115025]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir,\n\nForeign Office to Board of Trade.*\n\nForeign Office, June 15, 1917.\n\nWith reference to previous correspondence on the subject of the smuggling of morphia into China through Japan, I am directed by Mr. Secretary Balfour to transmit to you herewith a copy of a despatch from His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokyo,† in which he recommends for the serious consideration of His Majesty's Government the advisability of refusing all permits for export to Japan or to Dairen unless certificates are obtained from the Japanese Home Office or the authorities of the Kuantung leased territory showing that the morphia is for actual consumption in Japan and Dairen and vicinity for medical purposes only.\n\nAs Sir C. Greene does not anticipate that this step would cause any serious outcry, there would appear to be no reason why the Board of Trade should not begin to make the issue of licences dependent on the fulfilment of the condition suggested.\n\nI am, &c.\n\nW. LANGLEY.\n\n* Also to Home Office.\n\n† No. 263.\n\nPage 378\n\n[2751 p—1]\n\n \n378\n\n becomes \n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\nC.O.\n\n61262\n\nRect.\n\nOPIUM.\n\nREG. 14 DEC. 17.\n\n[June 15.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[115025]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir,\n\nForeign Office to Board of Trade.*\n\nForeign Office, June 15, 1917.\n\nWith reference to previous correspondence on the subject of the smuggling of morphia into China through Japan, I am directed by Mr. Secretary Balfour to transmit to you herewith a copy of a despatch from His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokyo,† in which he recommends for the serious consideration of His Majesty's Government the advisability of refusing all permits for export to Japan or to Dairen unless certificates are obtained from the Japanese Home Office or the authorities of the Kuantung leased territory showing that the morphia is for actual consumption in Japan and Dairen and vicinity for medical purposes only.\n\nAs Sir C. Greene does not anticipate that this step would cause any serious outcry, there would appear to be no reason why the Board of Trade should not begin to make the issue of licences dependent on the fulfilment of the condition suggested.\n\nI am, &c.\n\nW. LANGLEY.\n\n* Also to Home Office.\n\n† No. 263.\n\n[2751 p—1]\n\nPage 378", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 469510, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 384, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n379\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nC.O.\n\n80-\n\n61262\n\nREC.\n\nREG? 14 DECIZ\n\n[June 9.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n[115025]\n\n(No. 263.) Sir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir C. Greene to Mr. Balfour.-(Received June 9.)\n\nTokyo, April 29, 1917.\n\nIN reply to your despatch No. 26 of the 12th February last asking for my observations on certain papers which were enclosed therein relating to morphia smuggling into China through Japan, I have the honour to draw your attention to the reports on this subject which were forwarded in Sir John Jordan's despatches Nos. 7 and 35 of the 6th January and the 1st February, 1916, respectively, as well as to my earlier despatches Nos. 160 and 253 of the 17th June and the 31st August, 1915, respectively.\n\nA perusal of these various reports will show that there are very good grounds for believing the accuracy of the statement made by the Edinburgh Committee for the Suppression of the Indo-Chinese Opium Traffic to the effect that large quantities of morphia have been exported from the United Kingdom to Japan and thence smuggled into China.\n\nAs this traffic appears to be not only illegal, according to both Japanese and Chinese law, but is also immoral, and as the export of morphia from the United Kingdom is prohibited except under licence, I venture to recommend for the serious consideration of His Majesty's Government the advisability of refusing all permits for export to Japan or to Dairen unless certificates are obtained from the Japanese Home Office or the authorities of the Kwantung leased territory showing that the morphia is for actual consumption in Japan or Dairen and vicinity for medical purposes only.\n\nThere might be some outcry at first from the dealers, who have been making large profits out of this business, but, as will be seen from the enclosed newspaper extract,* it would be possible to invoke the aid of the Anti-Opium Society, which numbers among its members several very influential persons, and this would counteract any agitation which might be started by the morphia dealers.\n\nI have, &c. (For the Ambassador),\n\nH. NORMAN.\n\n*Not printed.\n\n[2751-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 469511, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 385, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "This Document is the Pra\n\nB- tannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nC\n\nO\n\n61262\n\nRECO\n\n[July 2.]\n\nOPIUM.\n\nREG 14 DEC17\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[128982]\n\n(No. 338.)\n\n(Telegraphic.)\n\nNo. 1.\n\nMr. Balfour to Sir C. Greene.\n\nYOUR despatch No. 263 of 29th April.\n\nForeign Office, July 2, 1917.\n\nYour views on export of morphia from Great Britain to Japan and Dairen are approved.\n\nPlease place them before Japanese Government and inform them that we propose to restrict issue of export licences for morphia and cocaine, except on fulfilment of conditions which you mention.\n\n[2718 b-1]\n\n380\n\nPage 1\n\n1", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 469514, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 388, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nC.O\n\n383\n\n61262\n\nREC\n\n[September 18.]\n\nSECTION 2.\n\nREG 14 DEC17\n\nNo. 1.\n\n!\n\n[181821]\n\n(No. 233.)\n\nMr. Alston to Mr Balfour.-(Received September 18.)\n\nSir,\n\nPeking, July 28, 1917.\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 172 of the 9th June, I have the honour to enclose a copy of the report which I stated therein that I had called for from His Majesty's consul-general at Mukden on the subject of the reported growth of the morphia habit in Manchuria and the smuggling of the drug into that province.\n\nThe evidence obtained by Mr. O'Brien-Butler is not very definite, but at the same time it tends to show, especially the last paragraph, that the purchase of doses of morphia is both easy and cheap.\n\nSince writing my above-mentioned despatch, I have received from His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokyo a copy of his note of the 9th July to the Japanese Government, notifying them of His Majesty's Government's decision to permit the export of morphia from the United Kingdom to none but consignees approved by their own Government authorities. This action on the part of His Majesty's Government should go far to check the evil in China, and a diminution of the smuggling into China should be the logical result.\n\nAs it would seem only right that His Majesty's Government should receive credit from the Chinese Government for their humanitarian action, I had the honour to suggest in my telegram No. 336 of the 26th July that, if the export from the United Kingdom to other countries is subject to similar conditions as that to Japan, I should inform the Chinese Government of the present position, and endeavour to induce them, on their part, to cope with the evil from within.\n\nA copy of this despatch has been sent to Sir Conyngham Greene.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nB. ALSTON.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nSir,\n\nConsul-General O'Brien-Butler to Mr. Alston.\n\nMukden, July 24, 1917.\n\nON receipt on the 12th ultimo of your despatch No. 13, I had a conversation with Mr. S. F. Drakeford, the Secretary of the British Chamber of Commerce here, on the subject of the importation of narcotics of all descriptions into Manchuria, especially by the Japanese, and that gentleman promised to make enquiries for me and let me know the result. He told me at once that he knew that the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha, one of the largest Japanese commercial undertakings in the country, did a very considerable trade in practically every description of goods, and that it was not unlikely that the firm dealt also in drugs; but he doubted very much whether this more or less illegitimate trade was its only source of profit in Manchuria.\n\nOn the 14th instant Mr. Drakeford wrote to me as follows:--\n\nI am unable to tell you anything to implicate any particular firm, but enquiries I have in hand may bring something to light in a day or two. It is common knowledge, however, that special provision is made in the Japanese settlement to encourage opium smoking amongst the Chinese, and that they openly indulge in it there. Also, morphia is openly sold to Chinese in the Japanese concession and in so-called Japanese drug stores just outside the city walls. One Chinese states that his wife buys 20 cents worth every day. I am told there is no difficulty in getting it either in bulk or in small quantities. It is said that it comes to Mukden from Dairen, and there are certain circumstances connected with its distribution which lead colour to the assumption that it is imported by a big firm, and that its distribution amongst the Chinese is either winked at or encouraged by those in authority as part of the policy for the peaceful penetration of Manchuria by the Japanese,\n\n\"A Korean, who speaks English, states that lately he visited the Japanese consul to get a passport to go to some of the British or American colonies, but was told that it...\n\n[2729 ---2]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 469515, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 389, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n2\n\nwould take a very long time to get or put through, that it would be better for all Koreans to remain here, where their presence helped to maintain the Japanese character, and that there was no need for him to go, as any Japanese subject would be assisted and put in the way of making an easy living in Manchuria, where Japanese subjects had special privileges. The Korean replied that he did not want to go in for the morphia business, which, without it being mentioned by the consul, he considered was the easy way suggested. The bearing this has upon our conversation is to show the probability of the drug being smuggled, and that, apart from the profitable nature of the transaction, the bearing its use is supposed to have in giving the Japanese the influence they undoubtedly possess amongst the Chinese in the way of trade must be considered. Any big firm that has the confidence of the railway people would have no difficulty in getting it through, and the more control they got over the customs the more easy it will be for them to do the smuggling.\n\nOn the 22nd he again wrote:-\n\n\"I now learn as an actual fact that the firm in question are the real distributors of opium in Manchuria. There is no secret made of it; in fact they advertise it, as you may see in the Manchuria Daily News. A medical certificate is necessary for its purchase at the Mukden branch, but it can be bought by anyone at the Dairen office without restriction. The usual procedure is to go to Dairen and purchase it, and bring it along in the train for disposal here or elsewhere. I am told there is no difficulty about the matter at all.\n\nIt is generally believed here that many of the exchange shops which have been opened recently, especially those in the neighbourhood of the Japanese railway station, are blinds for the sale of smuggled opium; and the railway town at Changchun is full of cheap hotels and other places where opium, brought from the north, is bought and sold. Now and then somebody is discovered smuggling, and his conviction and punishment are proclaimed in the newspapers, but, generally speaking, the trade goes on completely unchecked. The Chinese authorities are quite powerless, as the offenders are either foreigners (Japanese, Russians, Greeks, &c.) or take care to conduct their smuggling operations on territory under foreign administration.\n\nA gentleman travelling for a home firm of surgical instrument manufacturers told me in 1914 that he had ascertained that it was possible in many places to buy from Japanese chemists and others a morphia syringe and a dose of morphia for 30 cents (7½d.), and Dr. Colman, of Changchun, told me about the same time that jinriksha coolies and similar persons of humble degree could obtain an injection of morphia for 10 cents. There is no reason to suppose that circumstances are different in these respects at the present time.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nP. E. O'BRIEN-BUTLER.\n\nC\n\n384\n\nOPIUM.\n\nReceived 61262\n\nREG214 DEC17\n\n[November 3.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[210818]\n\n(No. 514.) (Telegraphic.)\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Mr. Balfour.-(Received November 3.)\n\nPeking, November 3, 1917.\n\nMY telegram No. 502 of the 27th October: Opium. Acting Minister for Foreign Affairs in conversation to-day referred to question of opium negotiations, and expressed his wish that these might be concluded during his tenure of office. In reply to my enquiry whether he was not prepared to negotiate with combine direct, he replied that he preferred to deal with Legation, as an agreement with the combine direct will cause criticism. He added that, in view of sordid nature of earlier transactions, what was now desired was a clause of settlement between Chinese Government and British Legation, which would obviate criticism.\n\n[2746 c-1]\n\nPage 384\n\n \n\n \n\n17\n\n \n\nĮ", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 474962, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "page_number": 656, "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917", "content_text": "108\n\nand which are required to be run by the various companies in return for their subsidies :-\n\nSTEAMSHIP SERVICES ORDERED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS,\n\n109\n\nLince.\n\nVessels on the Line and their Departure\n\nPeriod’s during which the Government Recipients of Order.\n\nOrder takes Effect.\n\nEuropean Service : Antwerp Line\n\n11 vessels employed: 7,500 to 12,000 tons gross each; speed, 15–16 knots; regular service, once every fortnight.\n\nCommencing with January 1916\n\nNippon Yusen Kaisha.\n\nYpsen Line\n\nLine connecting Hokkaido with Mainland.\n\nDairen Line\n\nVessels on the Line and their Departure.\n\n2 vessels employed; over 700 tons gross each: maximum speed over 10 knots; regular service, once or more every day.\n\n4 vessels employed; over 2,000 tons gross each; maximum speed over 14 knots; regular service, twice or more a week.\n\nPeriods during which the Government Recipients of Order.\n\nOrder takes Effect.\n\nCommencing with October 1915 and ending in March 1918. Commencing with April 1916 and ending in March 1918.\n\nKitsu\n\nNippon Kisen Kaisha.\n\nShosen Kaisha.\n\nOsaka\n\nand ending December 1917.\n\nSea of Japan Service:\n\nKarafuto Line\n\nNorth American Service:\n\nPuget Sound Line\n\nSan Francisco Line\n\n6 vessels employed; 5,500 to 9,700 tons gross each; speed, 14-16 knots; regular service, once every fortnight.\n\n3 vessels employed: 12,500 to 18,500 tons gross each; speed, 18-20 knots; regular service, once or more every four weeks.\n\nSouth American Service:\n\nWest Coast Line\n\n3 vessels employed: 6,000 to 9,700 tons gross each; speed, 13–15 knots; regular service, once in two months.\n\nNippon Yusen Kaisha and Osaka Shosen Kaisha.\n\n2 vessels employed; over 700 tons gross each; maximum speed, over 10 knots; regular service thrice or more in April, five times or more a month from May to November, and twice or more in December.\n\nNippon Yusen Kaisha.\n\nToyo Kaisha\n\nKiseti\n\nTsuruga Vladivostock Line.\n\nOtaru-Vladivostock Line.\n\nAustralian Service: Melbourne Line\n\nJava Line\n\nChina Service\n\nShanghai-Hankow Line.\n\nHankow Ichang Line\n\nHankow Line,\n\nSiangtau Hankow Line.\n\nChangtu Shanghai Line\n\nNorth China Line\n\n3 vessels employed; 5,000 to 7,500 tons gross each; speed, 15-17 knots; regular service, once a month.\n\n1 vessel employed; over 3,000 tons gross each; maximum speed, over 11 knots; regular service, once or more every four weeks.\n\n6 steel steamers employed; over 2,000 tons gross each; maximum speed, over 11 knots; regular service, four times or more a week from March to December, and six times or more every fortnight in January and February.\n\n2 steel steamers employed; over 1,500 tons gross each; maximum speed over 10 knots; regular service, six times or more a month from April to September, and five times or more a month from October to March of the following year.\n\n2 steel steamers employed; over 800 tons gross each; maximum speed over 7 knots; regular service, eight times or more a month, except in the period during which the water of the river is diminished in volume.\n\n1 steel steamer employed; over 800 tons gross; maximum speed, over 7 knots; regular service, twice or more a month, except in the period during which the water of the river is diminished in volume.\n\nKobe Shanghai Line; 2 vessels employed; over 3,000 tons gross each; maximum speed, over 14 knots; regular service once or more a week. Yokohama-Shanghai Line: 2 vessels of over 2,500 tons gross each, having the maximum speed of over 14 knots; and 3 additional ships are employed on regular service twice or more a week. Kobe-Newchwang Line: 4 vessels employed; over 1,500 tons gross each; maximum speed, over 12 knots; regular service, once or more a week. Yokohama-Newchwang Line, additional to the above line; additional ships are employed on regular service once or more every fortnight.\n\nNippon Yusen Kaisha.\n\nCommencing with October 1915 and ending in March 1918.\n\nNippon Yusen Kaisha.\n\nCommencing with April 1916 and ending in March 1918.\n\nRyobu Yusen Kaisha.\n\nNisshin Kaisha.\n\nKisen\n\n1 vessel employed; over 2,000 tons gross; maximum speed over 14 knots; regular service, once or more a week. Direct line 1 vessel employed; over 1,100 tons gross; maximum speed, over 11 knots; regular service, once or more a month, January being excepted. Circuitous line; the same vessel is employed on a regular service once or more a month from March to August. The services of the above two lines are to be carried on alternately.\n\nOsaka Shosen Kaisha.\n\n1 vessel employed; over 1,000 tons gross; maximum speed, over 10 knots; regular service, six times or more a month.\n\nBritish shipowners, before the war, were feeling the competition most keenly in the trade between British India and the Far East, and in all the coasting services east of Singapore. The Japanese had secured the lion’s share of the trans-Pacific trade, and during the war British interests in the Pacific may be said to be only nominally represented by 7 steamers as against 27 vessels employed by the Japanese\n\nOwing to the system of subsidies in the foreign traffic, and a ruthless cutting of freights in the coasting traffic, the share of Japanese shipping in the trade of China is increasing rapidly.\n\nThe following comparative table shows the percentage of the share taken by the British and Japanese flags in the carrying trade of China from and to foreign countries and also between the open ports of China during the years 1910, 1913, and 1914\n\n \n Percentages.\n 1910.\n 1913.\n 1914.\n \n \n Flag\n Foreign Trade.\n Coast Trade.\n Total Trade.\n Foreign Trade.\n Coast Trade.\n Total Trade.\n Foreign Trade.\n Coast Trade.\n Total Trade.\n \n \n British\n 43.34\n 39.00\n 40.97\n 41.16\n 18.40\n ...\n 16.98\n 22.20\n ...\n \n \n Japanese\n 42.28\n 41.75\n 41.96\n 38.31\n 40.07\n 16.94\n 19.44\n 24.30\n 16.90\n 20.43\n ...\n \n\nThe Japanese Government not only fosters their shipping by means of an annual subsidy of about 1,000,000l., but they close their coasting trade to all foreign countries; whereas Japanese ships are allowed free entry not only into the coasting trade of the United Kingdom, but into that of India. There is a very strong feeling on the part of British shipowners that the Indian coasting trade should be reserved for British ships,\n\nThe Nippon Yusen Kaisha was and is a member both of the Outward and Homeward Shipping Conferences between Europe, Straits, and China ports, notwithstanding the fact that the freight rates charged must be approved by the Japanese Government, which fixes maximum charges.\n\nQ 3\n\n651", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 477921, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918", "page_number": 158, "title": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918", "content_text": "## Ordinance No. 90\nMakes it possible for the Governor-General of Corea to delegate to the South Manchuria Railway Company the construction, improvement, upkeep and transport, and incidental business of the railways under his control.\n\nThese ordinances all take effect from the day of promulgation.\n\n## Enclosure 2 in No. 1\n### Official Statement\nON the 30th July an official statement of the reasons which led the Government to reform the system of colonial administration was issued to the press. A summary of this statement, translated from the version appearing in the \"Asahi\" of 31st July, is given below.\n\n## I\nAlthough the institutions and administration of the Japanese Government and people in Manchuria have made progress year by year since the Russo-Japanese war, it is deeply to be regretted that this progress has yet been slow of late and complete success has not been obtained. The causes may be manifold, but the chief of them is to be found in the evils of the so-called tripartite administration.\n\n### The Evils of Tripartite Administration\nNow, in South Manchuria the Kwantung Government-General was established for the purpose of administering the leased territory of Kwantung Province and of directing the protection and management of the districts bordering on and attached to the South Manchuria Railway; the South Manchuria Railway Company (Limited) was founded to conduct the work of railway transport and also to carry on the administration of the districts attached to the railway, and the consular officers were stationed at Mukden and other places of importance and charged with the protection of Japanese subjects. These three institutions strove to execute their functions side by side, as the result whereof discord and obstruction were occasioned, and it was impossible to bring the plans of the Government and people into agreement. Therefore it is a fundamental measure for the development of Manchuria and, moreover, a pressing duty of the moment to bring about the combination and unification of these three organs. Especially if we wish to secure the practical results of the new Sino-Japanese Convention of May 1915 relating to Manchuria and South Mongolia and to extend the rights of Japan, it is essential first to bring the three organs to work in agreement and to approach the undertaking in harmony and mutual assistance. The Government have accordingly on this occasion amended the organisation of the Kwantung Government-General and have placed the Governor-General in control of the business of the Manchurian railways. Hitherto also, of course, the Governor-General of Kwantung has had official authority to supervise the business of the Manchurian railways, but this right of supervision was nominal only, and consequently the Governor-General has been placed in control of all the business of the Manchurian railways, and it has been arranged that a chief director shall carry on that business under the orders of the Governor-General.\n\n### Special Appointment of Consuls\nIn order to bring the consular officers into touch with the aforementioned two organs and to cause them to work in co-operation, the Government have issued comprehensive instructions and determined that no miscalculation shall occur in the co-ordinated action of these various organs. Moreover, by opening a channel for the special appointment as consuls and vice-consuls of persons familiar with local conditions they have striven to secure success in practice.\n\n### Reform of the Police System\nFurthermore, in order to improve the police system in South Manchuria, the ordinary police and the gendarmerie have been united. Not only is this also in agreement with the idea of co-ordination of the administrative organisation previously referred to, but at any rate persons familiar with the conditions in these regions will generally agree that the special circumstances of Manchuria require still more the co-operation of both bodies of police. Although some people say that the police system has been changed and the gendarmerie system adopted, this is a misunderstanding of persons unacquainted with the true condition. In a word, the reform of the organisation of the Kwantung Government-General is nothing else but the determination to place the development of Manchuria in conjunction with other institutions, and to secure the practical results of the new Sino-Japanese Convention.\n\n### Arrangement of Financial Organs\nAt the same time, the Government have organised the formation of organs for the circulation of money essential to the development of Manchuria, thereby solving a question that has been outstanding for years. That is to say, the Government have extended the business objects of the Oriental Colonisation Company; they have caused the company to establish a branch in Mukden and make it the central pivot chiefly for the circulation of money in real estate in Manchuria. In conjunction with this, the Government have caused the Bank of Chosen to open branches and agencies at important places in Manchuria, and especially to station a director permanently at Dairen, whose duties will be solely the financing of business. The Government are resolved to zealously assist the promotion of industries and to advance the economic interests of both China and Japan, leading to the realisation of mutual friendship.\n\n## II\n### Unification of the Corean and Manchurian Railways\nThe Corean railways and the South Manchuria Railway are an important trunk line of a great continental railway which passes through Corea, intersects Manchuria, and then connects with the Russian railways. The Corean railways are not a local organ of communication which ought to stop at the Yalu, nor is the Antung-Mukden line an independent organ of communication which should go no farther than Antung. By making the through traffic between these two systems closely connected will it be possible for the first time to manifest the natural possibilities of the Manchurian and Corean organs of communication. Recently the traffic in passengers and goods between Manchuria and Corea has largely increased, and the disadvantages and inconveniences attending separate management of the two systems have been very clearly felt. Therefore, with the objects of avoiding useless expenditure, effecting economy, arranging smooth working, and unifying the form of the rolling stock, the Government have now delegated the management of the Corean National Railways to the Manchuria Railway Company and caused them to carry on all the business of the Corean railways. The South Manchuria Railway will, in the first place, ensure the smooth connection of the organs of communication, but the Government will of course see that they exert their best endeavours for the development of local industries in Corea. Therefore it may be said that the unification of the Corean and Manchurian railways will be also an organ for the development of industries in those two countries.\n\n## III\n### Establishment of a Colonial Bureau\nAt present the administration of Corea, Formosa, and Karafuto (Saghalien) is under the control of the Ministry of the Interior, while Kwantung Province is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, and in each Ministry the superintendence is conducted by a section. It goes without saying that it is quite impossible for the guidance and supervision of colonial administration to be thorough. Accordingly, the Government have now established a Colonial Bureau and remedied the shortcomings of the present defective supervision and administration of the colonies, and, by placing it at the same time in control of various matters relating to the development of Manchuria, have taken measures appropriate to the occasion.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481532, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 264, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "(This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.)\n\nC.O.\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n17564\n\nRESP (REG' 20 MAR 19)\n\n[February 24.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n257\n\nNo. 1.\n\n305551\n\n(No. 574.) Sir,\n\nSir J. Jordan to Mr. Balfour.--(Received February 24, 1919.)\n\nPeking, December 30, 1918.\n\nWHILST the purchase of the opium stocks by the Chinese Government is still fresh in the public mind, as reported in my despatch No. 530 of the 5th December, and before any practical steps have matured for the destruction of the present supplies, reports are appearing in the press and are reaching me from official sources to the effect that cultivation of the poppy is proceeding in many of the provinces which had previously been cleared of opium.\n\nThe enclosed despatches give evidence of a recrudescence of cultivation in Yünnan, in Fukien, in Szechuan, and in Kueichou, whilst I have already transmitted reports of increasing cultivation in Kansu and in the New Dominion. In the metropolitan province and in Manchuria planting is reported on a large scale and, unless some more effective administration is introduced into the country in the near future, there seems little doubt that large harvests will be gathered in many of the provinces. Many of the higher officials both in the capital and the provinces are directly interested in the cultivation and sale of opium, but there are signs of a fresh outburst of public opinion against opium both among the Chinese themselves and the foreign community.\n\nBefore considering the British interest still involved in these developments, it may be well to review the part which is now being played by the Japanese in the opium traffic.\n\nThe enclosed extract from the North-China \"Daily News,\" of the 17th December, is believed to be substantially accurate. I learn, confidentially, that it was drawn up by Dr. G. E. Morrison, and that it was based largely on figures obtained through the authorities of the Chinese Maritime Customs. It is estimated that 2,000 chests of opium purchased in India were imported into Tsing-tao between the 1st January and 30th September, 1918, representing a profit to the Japanese administration of the leased territory of 2,000,000l. Such estimates cannot be definitely substantiated owing to the fact that the opium is imported as \"military stores,\" and is thus removed from the supervision of the Customs authorities, who are of Japanese nationality.\n\nIt is also estimated that 18 tons of morphia were imported during last year, principally through Tsing-tao and Dairen. The prevalence of injection-marked victims in the area of the Japanese-controlled railways in Manchuria and Shantung, with a rapidly extending morphia zone through the province of Anhui, Kiangsu, Chihli, and Fukien, is reported by witnesses from so wide an area and of such different interests that it cannot be ignored. There is, indeed, grave reason to fear that opium smoking in China is being superseded by the morphia habit in regions adjoining the Japanese sphere of influence, and that the cultivation and use of opium is about to resume substantial proportions in the outlying districts.\n\nSo long as these conditions affected only the Chinese population the interest of foreign residents was confined to an altruistic anxiety for the welfare of China. A new interest has been aroused by the discovery that the American garrisons of North-China have been tainted, and that the morphia habit is prevalent among a number of the troops and of civilians, and that the drugs are obtained from Japanese sources. In consequence of recent disclosures the Japanese concession in Tien-tsin has been completely closed to all American troops by the military authorities.\n\nThe financial sacrifices which have been made by His Majesty's Government and the Government of India, as also by the Government of China, are now sufficient to warrant a drastic suppression of any trade which will bring our good name into disrepute in the agitation which will inevitably ensue in China.\n\nEnquiries are being instituted as to the amount of opium which is being purchased in India by the Japanese Government, for those sales are regarded as the fount of the evil. I would most earnestly invite the attention of His Majesty's Government and of the Government of India to the desirability of prohibiting the entire export of opium for shipment to the Far East. The financial advantages now accruing from such export must be so trifling in comparison with the larger issue\n\n[2861 aa- -1]\n\nB", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481534, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 266, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "It is, perhaps, unnecessary to point out the glaring fallacies in this specious argument, in which Yunnanese officials affect to find justification for China's criminal abandonment of the policy of opium suppression.\n\n2. Importation.\n\nConcurrently, with the recrudescence of unchecked cultivation, all restrictions have, of course, been removed from the traffic in opium, which has now been definitely legalised. In my despatch No. 8, Confidential, of the 21st March last, I gave some account of the establishment at Shunning in the Tengyueh circuit of a headquarters for this traffic. The Yunnan provincial authorities have now sent down a military official of high rank, to superintend the collection of revenue derived from this source. The rates charged are tremendously high, amounting to 60 dollars per 100 Chinese ounces, or over 22 per cent, on the average retail price. For opium conveyed from Yünnan into the neighbouring province of Kweichow, a further tax of 30 dollars per 100 Chinese ounces is levied.\n\nThe selection of Shunning as the headquarters for the new taxation machinery is due to two causes: (1) the desire to avoid the immediate vicinity of this consulate and the area within which the foreign-supervised customs function; (2) the facilities thus afforded for tapping the heavy import traffic from the Northern Shan States, Burma, by way of Lasbio, Kuulong, and Kêngma.\n\nThis will probably continue to be the main source of supply until the results of the recent new cultivations in Yunnan come into the market.\n\nIn return for the heavy taxation quoted above, armed escorts of regular troops are provided for the opium caravans, and li-kin stations are no longer permitted to interfere with the free passage of this valuable cargo. This state of affairs gives rise to the following ludicrous anomaly.\n\nTechnically, of course, the Central Government's prohibition of all traffic in opium has never been repealed, and officers of the Maritime Customs are still under orders to confiscate all consignments of the contraband drug. But, as the Commissioner of Tengyueh Customs very naturally complains, it is impossible to expect the unarmed watchers in the employ of the customs to hold up for examination caravans protected by armed and uniformed escorts, no matter how strong their suspicions may be of the cargo passing before their eyes.\n\nThis is especially the case here at Tengyueh, where the watchers are not likely to forget that at the beginning of July 1910, one of their number was shot in broad daylight not 3 miles from the custom-house for demanding to examine the papers of an opium-caravan, and that all the local authorities, from the present Taoyin who is also the superintendent of Tengyueh Customs-downwards, were so effectively bribed that the murderer was allowed to escape scot-free.\n\n3. Consumption.\n\nIt is a necessary corollary of this phenomenal outbreak of opium cultivation and traffic in the drug that its consumption is again becoming increasingly popular. Police restrictions on indulgence in this vice are no longer anything but a dead letter, while within the past few weeks implements for opium-smoking have been openly exposed for sale in the streets of Tengyueh.\n\nA. E. EASTES.\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. I.\n\nExtract from the \"North China Daily News\" of December 17, 1918.\n\nThe Japanese Opium Trade with China-a Scandal calling for instant and drastic Repression.\n\n[From a Correspondent.]\n\nIn the \"North China Daily News\" of the 15th September, 1915, a correspondent explained in some detail the large proportions to which had attained Japan's morphia traffic with China. He expressed his belief that the morphia trade was the most lucrative of all trades conducted by Japanese in China. He pointed out that the trade with Dairen alone in 1913 amounted to 6 tons of morphia, and that between the price at which this morphia made in Europe was purchased in Japan, and the price ultimately paid for it by the consumer there was a margin, that is to say, there was a profit to the intermediary in the 6 tons of 8,400,000 dollars.\n\nThat morphia trade still flourishes. It is a larger trade now than it was in 1913. Morphia, however, can no longer be purchased in Europe. The seat of industry has been transferred to Japan, and morphia is now manufactured by the Japanese themselves. Although Japan is a signatory to the agreement which forbids the import into China of morphia or any appliances used in its manufacture or in its application, the traffic, inasmuch as it has the financial support of the Bank of Japan, as explained by your correspondent, is carried on with the direct approval and encouragement of the Japanese Government. In no other country in the world has there ever been known such a wholesale contraband traffic. Literally tens of millions of yen are transferred annually from China to Japan for the payment of Japanese morphia. The chief agency in the distribution of morphia in China is the Japanese post-office. Morphia is imported by parcels post. No inspection of parcels in the Japanese post-office in China is permitted to the Chinese Customs Service. The Service is only allowed to know what are the alleged contents of the postal packages as stated in the Japanese invoices, and yet morphia enters China by this channel by the ton.\n\nEighteen Tons of Morphia Annually.\n\nA conservative estimate would place the amount of morphia imported by the Japanese into China in the course of the year as high as 18 tons, and there is evidence that the amount is steadily increasing. Wherever Japanese are predominant there the trade flourishes. Through Dairen morphia circulates throughout Manchuria and the province adjoining, through Tsing-tao morphia is showered over Shantung province, Anhui, and Kiangsu, while from Formosa, so favoured by geographical propinquity, morphia is carried along with opium and other contraband by motor-driven fishing boats to some point on the mainland, from which it is distributed throughout the province of Fukien and the north of Kuangtung. Everywhere it is sold by Japanese under extraterritorial protection. How efficient is that protection may be gauged by the fact that no Japanese has ever yet been punished for dealing in contraband in China. When Chinese police raid the morphia shops along the Tsinan-fu railway in Shantung, as they have a right to do, for the traffic is illegal, Japanese gendarmerie rescue the arrested and exact a fine, not from the guilty be it understood, but from those who attempted to uphold the law. In recorded instances known to American investigators the magistrate himself has been compelled to pay the fine.\n\nIn South China morphia is sold also by Chinese pedlars, each of whom carries a passport certifying that he is a native of the Island of Formosa, and therefore entitled to Japanese protection. Japanese drug stores throughout China carry large stocks of morphia. Japanese medicine vendors look to morphia for their largest profits. Everywhere Japanese prostitution, the systematic extension of which from Yunnan city even to Urga is such an inspiring evidence of the business activities of our Asiatic allies, goes hand in hand with the sale of morphia.\n\nMorphia, no longer purchasable in Europe, is manufactured now in well-equipped laboratories in Japan and in Formosa. During recent years the bulk of the Persian opium coming into the market has been purchased by Japan for conversion into morphia, for Persian opium yields a larger percentage of morphia than Indian opium. Opium grown in Korea, the cultivation of which it is interesting to note followed immediately upon the closing of the opium shops in Shanghai, Japanese officials providing the seeds, and opium grown under Japanese protection in Manchuria, is an ever-expanding source of the supply of morphia, and, it may be added, of opium required by the administration of Formosa.\n\nMore Profit in Opium.\n\nBut while the morphia traffic is a large one there is every reason to believe that the opium trade, upon which Japan is now embarking with such enthusiasm, is likely to prove even more lucrative. In the Calcutta opium sales Japan has become one of the considerable purchasers of Indian opium. She purchases for Formosa, where the opium trade shows a steady growth, and where opium is required for the manufacture of morphia. She purchases for import into Japan. Sold by the Government of India,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481535, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 267, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "6\n\nthis opium is exported under permits applied for by the Japanese Government, is shipped to Kobe, and from Kobe is transhipped to Tsing-tao. Large profits are being made in this trade, in which are interested some of the leading firms of Japan.\n\nOne must emphasise that this opium is not imported into Japan. It is transhipped in Kobe harbour to Tsing-tao, from which point of vantage, assisted by the Japanese controlled railway to Tsinan-fu, it is smuggled through Shantung into Shanghai and the Yang-tsze valley. Opium purchased in Calcutta for 3,500 rupees per chest about 1,000 taels--costs delivered in Kobe harbour all told well under 1,200 taels per chest. This opium-Tsing-tao opium--is sold in Shanghai at 500 dollars a ball of 40 balls to the chest-a total of 20,000 dollars per chest. China's failure to sell \"for medicinal purposes\" her opium at 27,000 dollars per chest, the price asked by the opium ring is thus explained. The price is undercut by the Japanese The dimensions that the traffic has already assumed are noteworthy. There is reason to believe that between the 1st January and the 30th September, 1918, not less than 2,000 chests of opium purchased in India were imported into Tsing-tao via Kobe,\n\n.\n\n\"Upon this amount the Japanese authorities levy a tax which does not appear in the estimates equivalent to 4,000 taels per chest, a total for the 2,000 chests at the present rate of exchange of 2,000,000l. The acquisition of this immense profit from a contraband traffic would explain the origin of those immense sums now being lavished upon the development of Tsing-tao and the establishment there of Japanese commercial supremacy.\n\nCustoms Manned by Japanese.\n\nIt may be asked how it is possible that at Dairen, where the morphia traffic is greatest, and at Tsing-tao, which is the chief centre of the Japanese opium trade, the importation of this contraband continues without the knowledge of the Chinese Maritime Customs. But at both Dalny and Tsing-tao the Chinese Maritime Customs are wholly under the control of the Japanese, and wholly manned by them. Japanese military domination would forbid in both ports any interference with a traffic in which the Japanese authorities were interested, either officially or unofficially. In Dalny the highest civil dignity has been conferred upon the chief dealer in morphia and opium. Moreover, in the case of Tsing-tao, by the agreement which relinquished to Japanese the exclusive charge of the Chinese Maritime Customs any trade in which the Government is interested, contraband or not, can be carried on without the official knowledge of the customs. Article 3 of the agreement of the 2nd December, 1905, perpetrated in the agreement of the 6th August, 1915, provides that any goods landed in Tsing-tao under 'examination certificates of government' shall be free from customs The way has thus been opened not only for the illegal import of opium, but of contraband in arms, by which the bandits of Shantung province are provided with the means of harrying and looting the peaceful peasants of the most sacred province of China.\n\nMilitary Stores,\n\nThe Maritime Customs returns of 1917 show that 45 piculs of boiled opium were admitted into Tsing-tao in 1917. The actual amount was probably fifty times greater. The balance enters in cases stamped \"chun pung pin\" (military stores), and boxes so stamped are to be seen commonly in the Japanese drug stores along the Shantung railway. In 1917 morphia to the amount of nearly 2 tons is recorded as having entered Dairen for use in the leased territory, but no morphia is recorded as having entered Manchuria from the leased territory during the year, nor does any entry of morphia appear in the Tsing-tao Customs returns for 1917. Yet a competent witness,\n\nDr. Wu Lien teh, states that \"Almost every Japanese drug dealer or pedlar in Manchuria (and Shantung he might have added) sells morphia in one form or another, and does so with impunity, because no Japanese can be arrested without first informing the consul.\"\n\nYour readers will remember that not long ago efforts were being made by the Japanese to remove from the control of any but Japanese subjects the Chinese customs of Antung and of Newchwang. It would, perhaps, be unjust to say that the chief object sought for in the removal of these stations from foreign control other than Japanese is the removal of obstruction to Japanese contraband traffic, but none the less the effect of such removal would be this desirable end.\n\n7\n\nJapan's Trade in Opium.\n\nThe revelations that we publish to-day of the enormous and wholly illicit trade in grave morphia and opium conducted by Japan in China cannot be read without displeasure and reprobation. Were this even an affair of private enterprise, of unscrupulous Japanese taking advantage of their proximity and ease of movement in China, Japan's conduct would not be free from censure, inasmuch as so vast a quantity of morphia and opium could not pass out of or through her ports without being well known to her officials. But the case is far worse than this. The Japanese post office, we are told, is a large distributor of morphia. Japanese military authorities at Tsing-tao pass it and opium through as military stores. A tax is regularly levied upon it, which yields enormous sums for the embellishment of Tsing-tao And, worst of all, the Japanese employees of the Chinese Customs, who are in a fiduciary position to this country, who pays them, and to no other, are accused of betraying their trust in order to further this ugly trade. We do not pretend to say much for the resolution of Chinese provincial officials in trying to suppress native cultivation. But what encouragement does Japan give them to do otherwise?\n\nThe substantial accuracy of our correspondent's statements cannot unfortunately be questioned. Already, as he recalls, the scandal of the Japanese morphia trade in this country was exposed by us in 1915. For a considerable time past it has been known that morphia injections were easily and cheaply to be obtained from Japanese chemists in Shanghai, and latterly we have received from another quarter altogether figures of the opium trade through Tsing-tao, which were, if anything, bigger than those given by our correspondent to-day. We earnestly appeal to the Japanese Government to put an immediate stop to this nefarious business, as it can do in a moment if it please Japan claims a special interest in China's commerce, as she may naturally do. She also asserts her special benevolence where China's welfare is concerned. But how, No doubt the opium with these facts before us, can she be said to fulfil that boast? trade is a valuable one, but by it Japan stands to lose infinitely more than many chests of opium are worth in the eyes of China and of the world. Will she allow it to be said that so soon as Great Britain cut off the trade in Indian opium for the benefit of China, she caught it up, with no regard for any consideration but dollars? That is not the spirit of Bushido.\n\nSir,\n\nNo. 2.\n\nForeign Office to India Office.\n\nForeign Office, March 7, 1919. I AM directed by Earl Curzon of Kedleston to transmit to you herewith copy of a despatch from His Majesty's Minister at Peking with regard to the recrudescence of poppy cultivation in China and the clandestine trade in opium, morphia, and cocaine imported from Japan. In this latter connection, I am to invite your attention to Sir John Jordan's suggestion that the export of opium from India to the Far East should be totally prohibited, and to enquire whether the Indian Government would be prepared to give effect to this suggestion.\n\nI am further directed to refer to Foreign Office letter of the 22nd January last in which the suggestion was put forward that His Majesty's Government should enter a protest against the recrudescence of poppy cultivation in China as constituting a failure on the part of the Chinese Government to keep their share of the 1911 agreement, and to enquire whether the India Office are yet in a position to make any statement as to the alleged excessive sales in Calcutta of opium for medicinal purposes, and as to the import into Yunnan of opium grown in the border country between China and Burma,\n\nI am, &c.\n\nJ. A. C. TILLEY.\n\n260", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481538, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 270, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n1923\n\n[February\n\nSECTION 28 MAR\n\n(30555]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n(No. 574.) Sir,\n\nSir J. Jordan to Mr. Balfour.-(Received February 24, 1919.)\n\nPeking, December 30, 1918.\n\nWHILST the purchase of the opium stocks by the Chinese Government is still fresh in the public mind, as reported in my despatch No. 530 of the 5th December, and before any practical steps have matured for the destruction of the present supplies, reports are appearing in the press and are reaching me from official sources to the effect that cultivation of the poppy is proceeding in many of the provinces which had previously been cleared of opium.\n\nThe enclosed despatches give evidence of a recrudescence of cultivation in Yünnan, in Fukien, in Szechuan, and in Kueichou, whilst I have already transmitted reports of increasing cultivation in Kansu and in the New Dominion. In the metropolitan province and in Manchuria planting is reported on a large scale and, unless some more effective administration is introduced into the country in the near future, there seems little doubt that large harvests will be gathered in many of the provinces. Many of the higher officials both in the capital and the provinces are directly interested in the cultivation and sale of opium, but there are signs of a fresh outburst of public opinion against opium both among the Chinese themselves and the foreign community.\n\nBefore considering the British interest still involved in these developments, it may be well to review the part which is now being played by the Japanese in the opium traffic.\n\nThe enclosed extract from the North-China \"Daily News,\" of the 17th December, is believed to be substantially accurate. I learn, confidentially, that it was drawn up by Dr. G. E. Morrison, and that it was based largely on figures obtained through the authorities of the Chinese Maritime Customs. It is estimated that 2,000 chests of opium, purchased in India were imported into Tsing-tao between the 1st January and 30th September, 1918, representing a profit to the Japanese administration of the leased territory of 2,000,000. Such estimates cannot be definitely substantiated owing to the fact that the opium is imported as \"military stores,\" and is thus removed from the supervision of the Customs authorities, who are of Japanese nationality.\n\nIt is also estimated that 18 tons of morphia were imported during last year, principally through Tsing-tao and Dairen. The prevalence of injection-marked victims in the area of the Japanese-controlled railways in Manchuria and Shantung, with a rapidly extending morphia zone through the province of Anhui, Kiangsu, Chilli, and Fukien, is reported by witnesses from so wide an area and of such different interests that it cannot be ignored. There is, indeed, grave reason to fear that opium smoking in China is being superseded by the morphia habit in regions adjoining the Japanese sphere of influence, and that the cultivation and use of opium is about to resume substantial proportions in the outlying districts.\n\nSo long as these conditions affected only the Chinese population the interest of foreign residents was confined to an altruistic anxiety for the welfare of China. A new interest has been aroused by the discovery that the American garrisons of North-China have been tainted, and that the morphia habit is prevalent among a number of the troops and of civilians, and that the drugs are obtained from Japanese sources. In consequence of recent disclosures the Japanese concession in Tien-tsin has been completely closed to all American troops by the military authorities.\n\nThe financial sacrifices which have been made by His Majesty's Government and the Government of India, as also by the Government of China, are now sufficient to warrant a drastic suppression of any trade which will bring our good name into disrepute in the agitation which will inevitably ensue in China.\n\nEnquiries are being instituted as to the amount of opium which is being purchased in India by the Japanese Government, for those sales are regarded as the fount of the evil. I would most earnestly invite the attention of His Majesty's Government and of the Government of India to the desirability of prohibiting the entire export of opium for shipment to the Far East. The financial advantages now resulting from such export must be so trifling in comparison with the larger issue.\n\nPage 270\n\nPage 271", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481540, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 272, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "4\n\nIt is, perhaps, unnecessary to point out the glaring fallacies in this specious argument, in which Yunnanese officials affect to find justification for China's criminal abandonment of the policy of opium suppression.\n\n2. Importation.\n\nConcurrently, with the recrudescence of unchecked cultivation, all restrictions have, of course, been removed from the traffic in opium, which has now been definitely legalised. In my despatch No. 8, Confidential, of the 21st March last, I gave some account of the establishment at Shunning in the Tengyueh circuit of a headquarters for this traffic. The Yunnan provincial authorities have now sent down a military official of high rank, to superintend the collection of revenue derived from this source. The rates charged are tremendously high, amounting to 60 dollars per 100 Chinese ounces, or over 22 per cent. on the average retail price. For opium conveyed from Yunnan into the neighbouring province of Kueichow, a further tax of 30 dollars per 100 Chinese ounces is levied.\n\nThe selection of Shunning as the headquarters for the new taxation machinery is due to two causes: (1) the desire to avoid the immediate vicinity of this consulate and the area within which the foreign-supervised customs function; (2) the facilities thus afforded for tapping the heavy import traffic from the Northern Shan States, Burma, by way of Lashio, Kunlong, and Kéngma.\n\nThis will probably continue to be the main source of supply until the results of the recent new cultivations in Yünnan come into the market.\n\nIn return for the heavy taxation quoted above, armed escorts of regular troops are provided for the opium caravans, and li-kin stations are no longer permitted to interfere with the free passage of this valuable cargo. This state of affairs gives rise to the following ludicrous anomaly.\n\nTechnically, of course, the Central Government's prohibition of all traffic in opium has never been repealed, and officers of the Maritime Customs are still under orders to confiscate all consignments of the contraband drug. But, as the Commissioner of Tengyueh Customs very naturally complains, it is impossible to expect the unarmed watchers in the employ of the customs to hold up for examination caravans protected by armed and uniformed escorts, no matter how strong their suspicions may be of the cargo passing before their eyes.\n\nThis is especially the case here at Tengyueh, where the watchers are not likely to forget that at the beginning of July 1910, one of their number was shot in broad daylight not 3 miles from the custom-house for demanding to examine the papers of an opium-caravan, and that all the local authorities, from the present Taoyin—who is also the superintendent of Tengyueh Customs—downwards, were so effectively bribed that the murderer was allowed to escape scot-free.\n\n3. Consumption.\n\nIt is a necessary corollary of this phenomenal outbreak of opium cultivation and traffic in the drug that its consumption is again becoming increasingly popular. Police restrictions on indulgence in this vice are no longer anything but a dead letter, while within the past few weeks implements for opium-smoking have been openly exposed for sale in the streets of Tengyueh.\n\nA. E. EASTES.\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nExtract from the \"North China Daily News\" of December 17, 1918.\n\nThe Japanese Opium Trade with China—a Scandal calling for instant and drastic Repression.\n\n[From a Correspondent.]\n\nIn the \"North China Daily News\" of the 15th September, 1915, a correspondent explained in some detail the large proportions to which had attained Japan's morphia trade with China. He expressed his belief that the morphia trade was the most lucrative of all trades conducted by Japanese in China. He pointed out that the trade with Dairen alone in 1913 amounted to 6 tons of morphia, and that between the price at which this morphia made in Europe was purchased in Japan, and the price ultimately paid for it by the consumer there was a margin, that is to say, there was a profit to the intermediary in the 6 tons of 8,400,000 dollars.\n\nThat morphia trade still flourishes. It is a larger trade now than it was in 1913. Morphia, however, can no longer be purchased in Europe. The seat of industry has been transferred to Japan, and morphia is now manufactured by the Japanese themselves. Although Japan is a signatory to the agreement which forbids the import into China of morphia or any appliances used in its manufacture or in its application, the traffic, inasmuch as it has the financial support of the Bank of Japan, as explained by your correspondent, is carried on with the direct approval and encouragement of the Japanese Government. In no other country in the world has there ever been known such a wholesale contraband traffic. Literally tens of millions of yen are transferred annually from China to Japan for the payment of Japanese morphia. The chief agency in the distribution of morphia in China is the Japanese post-office. Morphia is imported by parcels post. No inspection of parcels in the Japanese post-office in China is permitted to the Chinese Customs Service. The Service is only allowed to know what are the alleged contents of the postal packages as stated in the Japanese invoices, and yet morphia enters China by this channel by the ton.\n\nEighteen Tons of Morphia Annually.\n\nA conservative estimate would place the amount of morphia imported by the Japanese into China in the course of the year as high as 18 tons, and there is evidence that the amount is steadily increasing. Wherever Japanese are predominant there the trade flourishes. Through Dairen morphia circulates throughout Manchuria and the province adjoining, through Tsing-tao morphia is showered over Shantung province, Anhui, and Kiangsu, while from Formosa, so favoured by geographical propinquity, morphia is carried along with opium and other contraband by motor-driven fishing boats to some point on the mainland, from which it is distributed throughout the province of Fukien and the north of Kuangtung. Everywhere it is sold by Japanese under extraterritorial protection. How efficient is that protection may be gauged by the fact that no Japanese has ever yet been punished for dealing in contraband in China. When Chinese police raid the morphia shops along the Tsinan-fu railway in Shantung, as they have a right to do, for the traffic is illegal, Japanese gendarmerie rescue the arrested and exact a fine, not from the guilty be it understood, but from those who attempted to uphold the law. In recorded instances known to American investigators the magistrate himself has been compelled to pay the fine.\n\nIn South China morphia is sold also by Chinese pedlars, each of whom carries a passport certifying that he is a native of the Island of Formosa, and therefore entitled to Japanese protection. Japanese drug stores throughout China carry large stocks of morphia. Japanese medicine vendors look to morphia for their largest profits. Everywhere Japanese prostitution, the systematic extension of which from Yunnan city even to Urga is such an inspiring evidence of the business activities of our Asiatic allies, goes hand in hand with the sale of morphia.\n\nMorphia, no longer purchasable in Europe, is manufactured now in well-equipped laboratories in Japan and in Formosa. During recent years the bulk of the Persian opium coming into the market has been purchased by Japan for conversion into morphia, for Persian opium yields a larger percentage of morphia than Indian opium. Opium grown in Korea, the cultivation of which it is interesting to note followed immediately upon the closing of the opium shops in Shanghai, Japanese officials providing the seeds, and opium grown under Japanese protection in Manchuria, is an ever-expanding source of the supply of morphia, and, it may be added, of opium required by the administration of Formosa.\n\nMore Profit in Opium.\n\nBut while the morphia traffic is a large one there is every reason to believe that the opium trade, upon which Japan is now embarking with such enthusiasm, is likely to prove even more lucrative. In the Calcutta opium sales Japan has become one of the considerable purchasers of Indian opium. She purchases for Formosa, where the opium trade shows a steady growth, and where opium is required for the manufacture of morphia. She purchases for import into Japan. Sold by the Government of India,\n\n5\n\n \n\n[2861 ao -1]\n\n0\n\n205", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481541, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 273, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "6\n\nthis opium is exported under permits applied for by the Japanese Government, is shipped to Kobe, and from Kobe is transhipped to Tsing-tao. Large profits are being made in this trade, in which are interested some of the leading firms of Japan.\n\nOne must emphasise that this opium is not imported into Japan. It is transhipped in Kobe harbour to Tsing-tao, from which point of vantage, assisted by the Japanese controlled railway to Tsinan-fu, it is smuggled through Shantung into Shanghai and the Yang-tsze valley. Opium purchased in Calcutta for 3,500 rupees per chest (about 1,000 taels) costs delivered in Kobe harbour all told well under 1,000 taels per chest. This opium—Tsing-tao opium—is sold in Shanghai at 1,200 taels per ball of 40 balls to the chest—a total of 24,000 dollars (likely should be taels, not dollars, to be consistent) per chest. China's failure to sell \"for medicinal purposes\" her opium at 27,000 dollars per chest, the price asked by the opium ring is thus explained. The price is undercut by the Japanese. The dimensions that the traffic has already assumed are noteworthy. There is reason to believe that between the 1st January and the 30th September, 1918, not less than 2,000 chests of opium purchased in India were imported into Tsing-tao via Kobe.\n\nUpon this amount the Japanese authorities levy a tax which does not appear in the estimates equivalent to 4,000 taels per chest, a total for the 2,000 chests at the present rate of exchange of 2,000,000. The acquisition of this immense profit from a contraband traffic would explain the origin of those immense sums now being lavished upon the development of Tsing-tao and the establishment there of Japanese commercial supremacy.\n\nCustoms Manned by Japanese.\n\nIt may be asked how it is possible that at Dairen, where the morphia traffic is greatest, and at Tsing-tao, which is the chief centre of the Japanese opium trade, the importation of this contraband continues without the knowledge of the Chinese Maritime Customs. But at both Dairen and Tsing-tao the Chinese Maritime Customs are wholly under the control of the Japanese, and wholly manned by them. Japanese military domination would forbid in both ports any interference with a traffic in which the Japanese authorities were interested, either officially or unofficially. In Dairen the highest civil dignity has been conferred upon the chief dealer in morphia and opium. Moreover, in the case of Tsing-tao, by the agreement which relinquished to Japanese the exclusive charge of the Chinese Maritime Customs any trade in which the Government is interested, contraband or not, can be carried on without the official knowledge of the customs. Article 3 of the agreement of the 2nd December, 1905, perpetuated in the agreement of the 6th August, 1915, provides that any goods \"shall be free from customs duty in Tsing-tao under certificates of government examination.\" The way has thus been opened not only for the illegal import of opium, but of contraband in arms, by which the bandits of Shantung province are provided with the means of harrying and looting the peaceful peasants of the most sacred province of China.\n\nMilitary Stores.\n\nThe Maritime Customs returns of 1917 show that 45 piculs of boiled opium were admitted into Tsing-tao in 1917. The actual amount was probably fifty times greater. The balance enters in cases stamped \"chun pung p'in\" (military stores), and boxes so stamped are to be seen commonly in the Japanese drug stores along the Shantung railway. In 1917 morphia to the amount of nearly 7 tons is recorded as having entered Dairen for use in the leased territory, but no morphia is recorded as having entered Manchuria from the leased territory during the year, nor does any entry of morphia appear in the Tsing-tao Customs returns for 1917. Yet a competent witness, Dr. Wu Lien-teh, states that \"Almost every Japanese drug dealer or pedlar in Manchuria (and Shantung he might have added) sells morphia in one form or another, and does so with impunity, because no Japanese can be arrested without first informing the consul.”\n\nYour readers will remember that not long ago efforts were being made by the Japanese to remove from the control of any but Japanese subjects the Chinese customs of Antung and of Newchwang. It would, perhaps, be unjust to say that the chief object sought for in the removal of these stations from foreign control other than Japanese is the removal of obstruction to Japanese contraband traffic, but none the less the effect of such removal would be this desirable end.\n\n7\n\nJapan's Trade in Opium,\n\n206\n\nThe revelations that we publish to-day of the enormous and wholly illicit trade in morphia and opium conducted by Japan in China cannot be read without displeasure and reprobation.\n\nWere this even an affair of private enterprise, of unscrupulous Japanese taking advantage of their proximity and ease of movement in China, Japan's conduct would not be free from censure, inasmuch as so vast a quantity of morphia and opium could not pass out of or through her ports without being well known to her officials. But the case is far worse than this. The Japanese post office, we are told, is a large distributor of morphia. Japanese military authorities at Tsing-tao pass it and opium through as military stores. A tax is regularly levied upon it, which yields enormous sums for the embellishment of Tsing-tao. And, worst of all, the Japanese employees of the Chinese Customs, who are in a fiduciary position to this country, who pays them, and to no other, are accused of betraying their trust in order to further this ugly trade. We do not pretend to say much for the resolution of Chinese provincial officials in trying to suppress native cultivation. But what encouragement does Japan give them to do otherwise?\n\nThe substantial accuracy of our correspondent's statements cannot unfortunately be questioned. Already, as he recalls, the scandal of the Japanese morphia trade in this country was exposed by us in 1915. For a considerable time past it has been known that morphia injections were easily and cheaply to be obtained from Japanese chemists in Shanghai, and latterly we have received from another quarter altogether figures of the opium trade through Tsing-tao, which were, if anything, bigger than those given by our correspondent to-day. We earnestly appeal to the Japanese Government to put an immediate stop to this nefarious business, as it can do in a moment if it please. Japan claims a special interest in China's commerce, as she may naturally do. She also asserts her special benevolence where China's welfare is concerned. But how, with these facts before us, can she be said to fulfil that boast? No doubt the opium trade is a valuable one, but by it Japan stands to lose infinitely more than many chests of opium are worth in the eyes of China and of the world. Will she allow it to be said that so soon as Great Britain cut off the trade in Indian opium for the benefit of China, she caught it up, with no regard for any consideration but dollars? That is not the spirit of Bushido.\n\nNo. 2.\n\nForeign Office to India Office.\n\nSir,\n\nI AM directed by Earl Curzon of Kedleston to transmit to you herewith copy of a despatch from His Majesty's Minister at Peking with regard to the recrudescence of poppy cultivation in China and the clandestine trade in opium, morphia, and cocaine imported from Japan. In this latter connection, I am to invite your attention to Sir John Jordan's suggestion that the export of opium from India to the Far East should be totally prohibited, and to enquire whether the Indian Government would be prepared to give effect to this suggestion.\n\nI am further directed to refer to Foreign Office letter of the 22nd January last in which the suggestion was put forward that His Majesty's Government should enter a protest against the recrudescence of poppy cultivation in China as constituting a failure on the part of the Chinese Government to keep their share of the 1911 agreement, and to enquire whether the India Office are yet in a position to make any statement as to the alleged excessive sales in Calcutta of opium for medicinal purposes, and as to the import into Yünnan of opium grown in the border country between China and Burma.\n\nI am, &c.\n\nJ. A. C. TILLEY.\n\nForeign Office, March 7, 1919.\n\n0", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481563, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 295, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n# OPIUM.\n\n## CONFIDENTIAL.\n\nC. [MARCH 4.]\n\n22491 SECTION 1.\n\n[46023]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nRE 14 PR 19\n\nSir C. Greene to Earl Curzon.--(Received March\n\n(N. 35. Commercial.) My Lord,\n\nTokyo, February 10, 1919.\n\nTHE revival in the foreign press in China ports of discussion on the subject of the illicit trade in narcotics in that country and the accusations which have been openly directed against Japan in connection with her share in it have aroused but little interest in the vernacular press in this country, the only papers which have devoted any attention to the question being the \"Hochi\" and the \"Miyako.\" The former denies that the Japanese Government or important companies are interested and characterises accusations of this nature as falsehoods spread abroad by interested parties who wish to profit by alienating China and Japan; but the \"Miyako\" is not so sure of its ground, appears, indeed, on the contrary to think that there may be some truth in these allegations and recommends the matter to the serious attention of the authorities, since they constitute, if true, a serious blot upon Japan's honour and will do incalculable harm to Japan's credit and prestige abroad.\n\nIf the question has received inadequate attention in the Japanese press it has certainly not suffered the same treatment in the foreign, for, in addition to a vigorous leader (not enclosed) on the subject in \"The Japan Chronicle,\" there have appeared at intervals during the past month lengthy articles in \"The Japan Advertiser\" either reproducing statements copied from other sources or giving accounts of interviews with Japanese drug experts, official and private.\n\nThe majority of the accusations made by the foreign press in China in this new campaign are already familiar to everyone who has followed the growth of this trade in poisonous drugs; but some are more or less new. It is, for instance, asserted that:—\n\n1. The seat of the morphia industry has been transferred to Japan, where the drug is now manufactured;\n\n2. The Chinese Customs Service is not allowed to inspect parcels sent to Japanese Post Offices in China;\n\n3. The Japanese authorities are interested either officially or unofficially in the traffic, and that\n\n4. At Tsingtau opium is being imported and sent into the interior in boxes bearing the mark \"military stores,\" which exempts them from Customs examination. Boxes so stamped have, it is asserted, been frequently seen in drug stores along the Shantung Railway.\n\nColour is lent to the first accusation by the fact that there are now, as I had the honour to inform your Lordship in my despatch No. 3, Commercial, of the 4th January, two or three firms in Japan making morphia. Moreover, during the course of last year, His Majesty's Consul at Amoy and His Majesty's Consul-General at Shanghai reported the seizure of morphia of Japanese manufacture by the Chinese Maritime Customs. I question, however, if the quantity at present made in Japan is very considerable.\n\nWith regard to the second assertion, it is correct, as far as the leased territory of the Liaotung Peninsula is concerned, that the Chinese Maritime Customs have no control over parcels entering Dairen through the Japanese Post Office. This is one of the reasons given by the Commissioner of Customs for his inability to supply His Majesty's Consul at that port with satisfactory statistics of the imports of morphia and cocaine.\n\nThe third accusation was till recently probably not far removed from the truth. Now, however, that the attention of the public has become focussed on this trade measures will perhaps be taken by Japan to free her officials from this stigma. It is certainly true, as a Japanese correspondent to the \"Miyako\" insinuates, that the Mayor of Dairen amassed a big fortune as farmer of the opium monopoly: but a subtle difference of degree, if not of kind, exists from the point of view of morality between a business of this nature and morphia smuggling, and it may be urged for what it is worth that the revenue from the monopoly is at least devoted to useful purposes.\n\n[2877 d-1]\n\n283", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481564, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 296, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "283\n\n2\n\nThe defence, so far as there has been one, assumes, speaking broadly, either the shape of a denial or of a tu quoque argument. An example of the former has already been given in the article from the \"Hochi,\" specimens of the latter will be found scattered throughout the articles from \"The Japan Advertiser,\" which I have the honour to enclose.* It is, for instance, asserted (article of the 8th January, 1919) that Great Britain is exporting large quantities of morphine through countries other than Japan to China, that British merchants are accomplices in the breaking of the international agreement regarding the import of the drug into China (article of the 8th January, 1919), that with the lifting of the ban on the importation of opium from India into Great Britain in December, 1917, the latter country expects to manufacture morphine as usual for exportation as well as for home consumption, that there are ships coming to Japanese ports which carry in their holds these prohibited drugs, the cargoes being carried past Japan without being landed here (article of the 7th and 11th January), that the smuggling of this contraband into China is something in which nearly all the foreign nationals are interested (article of the 10th January, 1919), and, finally, that the Japanese share of the trade is not to be compared with that handled by British subjects, for instance (article of the 10th January, 1919).\n\nThese statements are in one or two instances supported by statistics, as, for instance, in \"The Japan Advertiser\" article of the 8th of January, in which the person interviewed is reported to have said that in 1917 the value of the morphine imported into Japan from Great Britain, either directly or indirectly, amounted to £500,000, and, as I have already stated, that this sum represents only a small portion of the drug exported from England through other nations to China or to unknown destinations. On page 411 of volume I of the Annual Statement of the trade of the United Kingdom with foreign countries for 1917, prepared by His Majesty's Customs and Excise Department, is a table purporting to give the value and the quantity of morphia exported from Great Britain during the last five years, and I had proposed to send these figures with any other non-confidential information of a useful nature available to \"The Japan Chronicle\" and \"The Japan Advertiser,\" in the hope that it might perhaps be found of use in controverting the accusations levelled against British merchants; but, on comparing these statistics with the figures given in the Japanese Customs Returns, I found so extraordinary a discrepancy that I came to the conclusion that it would be prudent to refrain from quoting our figures until I had obtained definite information that they were complete. It was with this object in view that I had the honour to address to your Lordship my telegram No. 67 of the 7th instant.\n\nThe following table shows the quantity and the value of the morphine imported into Japan, according to the Customs returns, during the last three years:\n\nLocality of Origin\n1915 Quantity\n1915 Value\n1916 Quantity\n1916 Value\n1917 Quantity\n1917 Value\n\nKwantung\nOunces, 3,022\n£3,150\n\nGreat Britain\n295,958\n371,124\n201,064\n241,514\n598,749\n505,315\n\nGermany\n20,791\n\n9,113\n29,147\n\nUnited States of America\n38,772\n\n4,762\n\n1,480\n2,469\n\nTotal\n358,543\n\n215,082\n558,812\n600,229\n507,784\n\nAccording to the figures given on page 411 of the publication mentioned above, the exports of the same drug from the United Kingdom during the same period were as follows:\n\nYear\nQuantity in Ounces\nValue in £\n\n1915\n295,572\n200,734\n\n1916\n225,611\n154,544\n\n1917\n124,593\n114,198\n\nOf this Japan imported in:\n\nYear\nQuantity in Ounces\nValue in £\n\n1915\n204,742\n136,050\n\n1916\n116,116\n78,114\n\n1917\n29,204\n23,001\n\nIt is clear that these figures require further elucidation before any use can be made of them.\n\nThe statement that the Japanese share in this trade is not to be compared with that handled by British subjects is presumably a devious method of saying that we are the most important manufacturers of this drug and that Japan is but one among our various customers. I have at my disposal no evidence which would lead me to believe that, as far as imports into China are concerned, British merchants are as interested as Japanese, for even in Dairen, which is one of the most important channels through which morphia enters North China, the quantity of the drug imported by British firms has never been, as far as I am aware, as great as that imported by the Mitsui Bussan Kwaisha and other Japanese houses. When it comes to actual smuggling, there can be little doubt that the traffic is, if a few renegade foreigners of uncertain nationality are excepted, almost entirely in the hands of Japanese and Chinese, and that statements contained in \"The Japan Advertiser\" of the 26th January, that all over North China and Manchuria Japanese agents are selling morphia products and hypodermic syringes, is one which has been made so often and by such a variety of witnesses that there can be no question whatever of its absolute truth. Of this the Japanese are themselves well aware, for, notwithstanding the efforts made by the various officials and private persons interviewed to fasten the major part of the blame on the foreign merchant, the British in particular, a reluctant confession is at intervals made that large numbers of Japanese business men and important firms are interested in the trade.\n\nNotwithstanding the fact that, so far as the legal machinery is concerned, it is in perfect condition for the control of the trade (article of the 10th January, 1919), no tangible proof exists that Japanese officials have been interested in the suppression of this pernicious traffic, and the statement that there are localities in which this illicit trade flourishes that are out of the reach of the Japanese law (article of the 10th January, 1919) is somewhat difficult to believe. The long arm of the law of Japan can be trusted to reach any Japanese in China when the necessity arises, and a far more likely explanation is that the trade flourishes because it brings money into Japanese pockets.\n\nSo much attention has, however, been attracted to the subject of late, and such forcible comments have been made on the share Japanese merchants and drug dealers have had in spreading this new vice in China, that it seems possible Japan may presently realise the desirability of exerting herself to control the activities of her nationals in this direction.\n\nIn a letter written to the \"Peking and Tien-tsin Times\" (article of the 17th January, 1919), the Japanese Consul-General at Tien-tsin says that \"it cannot be too strongly emphasised that the Japanese Government authorities are sincerely desirous of suppressing this nefarious traffic within their jurisdiction and will spare no effort in suppressing it,\" and although official statements of this kind are, in the light of the past history of Japan, to be taken with a certain amount of caution, a member of my staff was informed but a few days ago by Count Soejima, a member of the House of Peers who has just returned from a tour in China, and who was, according to his own assertion, instrumental in procuring the closing of the opium dens in the Japanese Settlement in Hankow, that on his return to Japan he had communicated to the Prime Minister personally the result of his investigations into the trade in illicit drugs in China, and that he had pressed Mr. Hara most strongly to take energetic steps to have this blot on the country's reputation removed, assuring the Prime Minister that he would otherwise raise the whole question openly in the House. Count Soejima said Mr. Hara had promised the Government would take steps in the direction desired. From another source, the proprietor of the Hoshi Pharmaceutical Company, which itself is one of the three firms in Japan making morphine, the same member of my staff heard also that the Government was going to put the trade under strict control. It now remains to see what measures, if any, the authorities propose to adopt.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481586, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 318, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "British Legation,\n\nCopy.\n\n(444/19)\n\nSir,\n\nPeking.\n\nJanuary 18th, 1910.\n\nI\n\n311\n\nI much regret the delay that has occurred in collecting the information required in Your Excellency's despatch of July 4th, 1918 respecting the trade in Persian opium in the Kuantung Peninsula and Shantung.\n\nThe report from His Majesty's Consul at Dairen, copy of which I have the honour to enclose, does not, I fear, throw much light on the question as it concerns Singapore in particular. The opium that reaches Manchuria is largely smuggled over the Siberian and Mongolian borders; and this smuggling, which has greatly increased since the collapse of Russian authority in the north, no doubt has tended to reduce the demand for opium imported into Dairen by sea. I am making further enquiries on this point.\n\nShantung, however, is in a different position.\n\nI have the honour to enclose copies of two reports from the British Consul at Tsingtao with regard to the opium traffic. To what extent Singapore is responsible I am unable to state, but I have been asked to ask for an expression of my view.\n\nI can only record that I recommend that the export of Persian or Indian opium from Singapore to either Shantung or Kiaochow should be prohibited under any conditions. Both those districts are an integral part of China, and opium exported thither is bound to find its way into the interior in contravention of the whole policy of His Majesty's Government.\n\nCaptain Sir Arthur Young, K.C.I.E., etc., etc., Singapore.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481594, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 326, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "- 2 \n\n313 \n\nalso comes from Formosa, is not yet as general in Fukien as \n\nin North China, but the consumption is said to be rapidly \n\nincreasing, and far more is imported for the use of \n\nJapanese doctors and chemists than can possibly be required \n\nfor ordinary medical purposes, \n\nA successful raid was carried out last week by the \n\nBritish Municipal Police on a Morphia Pill factory which \n\nhad been discovered in the British Concession at Tientsin. \n\nThis factory had been only a few weeks in existence and \n\nis believed to have been operated by men who had been \n\nchased out of the Chinese city by the action of the \n\nChinese Police. Business, however, would appear to have been \n\ncarried on upon a large scale, the turnover being estimated \n\nat $45,000 a month, and the profits on the sale of pills \n\nat something like $18,000. The factory was owned by \n\nChinese shareholders, but some Japanese are said to have \n\nbeen also implicated. Amongst the various paraphernalia \n\nseized was a 5 lb tin of morphia bearing the name of Wink \n\nand Company, London, and one tin of morphia bearing the \n\nlabel of an Osaka factory together with two other tins of \n\nthe same size from which the labels had been removed. These \n\ndrugs would appear to have been smuggled into the \n\ncountry from Japan. Thousands of pills, packed in cotton \n\nbags containing about $50 worth each, were also seized. \n\nThe agitation in China against the morphia trade \n\nwould appear to have attracted some attention in Japan, and \n\na statement has been published to the effect that the \n\nOpium monopolies at Formosa, Tsingtao and Dairen are to be \n\nabolished. Nothing is yet said about Corea, but the \n\nJapanese Government are to be congratulated on having taken \n\nthis step which will involve them in the loss of \n\nconsiderable revenue. \n\nThis", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481814, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 546, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government]\n\n55664\n\n533\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nC\n\n[8489]\n\n(No. 32.)\n\n(Telegraphic.)\n\nRECEIVED\n\n25 SEP 1919\n\nRECO [January 1 SEP 19]\n\nSECTION 1,\n\nCOL OFFICE\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Earl Curzon.-(Received January 15.)\n\nYOUR telegram No. 27 of 10th January.\n\nPeking, January 14, 1919.\n\nChinese Government had, so far as I know, no motive in making suggestion except to place formally on record fact that 1911 Agreement had terminated.\n\nThere is a\n\nMy impression is that present Government would gladly welcome any representations that might be made to them respecting recrudescence of opium cultivation. Very strong movement on foot, both amongst Chinese and foreigners, which is supported by leading British newspapers, and which aims not only at suppression of opium cultivation in China but at prohibition of infamous trade in morphine, which is doing more harm than opium ever did. It is publicly stated that opium, which is used for manufacture of morphine in Japan, and opium, which is imported by Japanese into Tsingtao and Dairen as \"military stores,\" is purchased in Calcutta for medicinal use only. It is also asserted that large quantities of opium grown in border country between China and Burma are imported into Yunnan, and are mainly responsible for recrudescence of opium cultivation in that province. How far these statements are true I have no means of knowing, but they are widely made and are attracting much attention in China,\n\n(Sent to India.)\n\n[876 p-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481830, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 562, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "552\n\nbe sufficient to prevent the caissons from shifting position for a considerable term of years. In explaining this matter also I am handicapped by my lack of technical knowledge and by not having actually seen the works and I must therefore beg to have my description leniently judged in case I have not made myself clear. I understand that this breakwater is somewhat in the nature of an experiment and that though the work will probably serve its purpose for a time, it is uncertain whether it will remain permanently effective.\n\nI believe that, apart from the sugar trade, Takow is intended to play an important part in the great trade with the South Seas that Japan hopes to build up. As regards shipping facilities, there is at present the regular Osaka Shosen Kaisha monthly service from Japan to Java ports, calling on the outward trip at Keelung, Takow, Manila, Sandakan, Batavia and Soerabaya and on the return trip at Macassar, Sandakan, Hongkong, Takow, Keelung and Kobe. This line is served by the \"Soerabaya Maru\", \"Toen Maru\" and \"Batavia Maru\" and calls are sometimes made at Tawao, British North Borneo on the outward voyage.\n\nIn addition to the above, the Osaka Shosen Kaisha sends the \"Umman Maru\", \"Shisen Maru\", \"Tsuru Maru\" and \"Tenno Maru\" into Takow at regular intervals en route to the South Seas. A regular bi-monthly service is maintained by the same Company from Takow to Dairen via Keelung, Foochow, Shanghai, Tsingtau and Tientsin (\"Keelung Maru\" and \"Kohoku Maru\") and a monthly sailing to Canton via Amoy, Swatow and Hongkong (Soshu Maru).", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481846, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 578, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "503\n\nRegarding whether Government on the 912, whereby the authorities will restrict as regards use for Medicinal purposes only? i.e. to export Morphine or Cocaine\n\nLicenses are not granted unless they are accompanied by certificates obtained from the Japanese Home Office, or authorities of the Kwantung Leased Territory, to the effect that the morphia and cocaine is for actual consumption in Dairen and its vicinity and is for MEDICAL PURPOSES. This effect was published in the Board of Trade Journal on 11 October after communication with the Japanese authorities.\n\nWe understand that the Japanese Government have issued stringent instructions for the prevention of smuggling of these drugs \"in all cases.\" However, this official answer is a prevarication and the spokesman for the British Government must have known that it was a prevarication. Although licenses are necessary for ordinary trade export, no licenses are required for despatch by parcel post from England. A consignment of a drug more powerful than morphia (70,000 injections) has just reached chemists in Peking as an ordinary shipment.\n\nAnd when petty Japanese officials in Dairen (and elsewhere) are empowered to issue licenses, accepted by the British Government as justifying export in unlimited quantity, one wonders what is behind this business.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 481895, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "page_number": 627, "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919", "content_text": "Ansay further communication on this subject, please quote,\n\nNo.\n\n71/237\n\n15127\n\nThe Under-Secretary of State,\n\nForeign Office.\n\nAbandon&W.]\n\nCO 643\n\n68737\n\nR 2 TC 19\n\nTHE Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs presents his compliments to the Under-Secretary of State for Colonies and, by direction of the Secretary of State, transmits herewith copy of the under-mentioned papers with two extra copies for Hongkong Singapore.\n\nForeign Office,\n\n29th Nov. 1919.\n\nReference to previous correspondence:\n\n \n Letter\n From\n To\n Description of Enclosure\n Name and Date\n Subject\n \n \n Despatch from Tokio\n \n \n No 392\n Sept 27\n \n \n \n Telegram from Dairen\n \n \n No 454\n Nov 18\n Harbour Works at Dairen\n \n\nSimilar letter sent to:-", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 485697, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920", "page_number": 51, "title": "CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920", "content_text": "Portuguese, in Indo-China by the French and in Tsingtau and Dairen by the Japanese. The opium farm in Macao exists by virtue of an agreement signed in 1911 between the two Governments concerned and expiring in 1981. Under this Agreement the British Government has undertaken to supply the Macao Opium Farm with a stipulated amount of opium annually. It can hardly be expected that so old and generous a friend of Great Britain as Portugal will take the lead in denouncing this infamous arrangement.\n\nSimilarly Japan since 1914, in violation of the precedent of freedom from opium set up by Germany, following the example of Great Britain has instituted an Opium Farm in Tsingtau.\n\nThis Acquisition has the strongest grounds for believing that the immense figures paid annually by the opium farmers in Singapore, Hongkong and Macao can only be recovered by using their rights as a cloak for illicit traffic on a vast scale into China.\n\nThe uncontrolled production of morphine in Great Britain throws annually upon the market a quantity of morphia far in excess of the world's total legitimate requirements. This morphia inevitably finds its way into China, leaving Great Britain as a direct or indirect export to Japan, or as export from Great Britain to her colonies. A special convention provides facilities for transit of goods through the United States in bond.\n\nSuch exports may go as direct exports to America. Morphia, instead of being imported, transits in bond through...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 485781, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920", "page_number": 135, "title": "CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920", "content_text": "Page 4\n\n134\n\n* 10 „A goldtå ni boainsawa 89rtset nila edt aineyeT JA\n\n-RAJNI YO1 stu:32 10 YT:J91582 9at to rettaÍ\n\n.II\n\nsame int todo sIdadong enoua Ji Jent Jnemetaje odT\n\nPul stoted 8. ‡t a yĺseni an taomin stunt Loan zaied won al\n\naldt sham Jng at ‚Hored a' mizo no softtrona y788 ~ muigo said of huntinos el bun‚Ingefli at antrɔ ni ggyoŋ to noltry\n\nvine stolib wet o ni yagoo\n\nno mi bonfini ai bus InysII)\n\n.zvah noitididong-er,\n\nVinnfimiz ai pultome rigo\n\not borganoo as vino efnoa Iiswa\n\nmoltostib edo de hedonist and beton . !\n\n.III.\n\nBİNG JALJ Strofani \"Weasir ibul 101 atn38 to Vids1098 srit 1.\n\n.djurs-elän Jon.al JnometeĴE\n\nBA\n\nErfdisang ni Jett 9. 1.1 08 who andra s VAT * .VI\n\n.\"esinfnuod quit vnoo sda\n\n1 ...evod sad of Jouxib\n\n.V\n\nBoijzijnde Broup of (Ditum endaggi\n\nLint quifved 101 beerom od vre di vitnin WYDƏ „VIRL-JIRI MƏN‡ 193: 1\n\n-TonĀ bas Naitina toit soner?\" noituurdle of tiqst » deimut of L\n\nrot doborg » 1 and BLACK chrysom to auditorium Inasion nati\n\nun citum Fu datting odz viet FOSPI-TIQI have stutasiumtem kti\n\nedt galut sintuoɔ nimuanco edo lo a‡ceumisvoð\" ert aðnammi voð\n\notul bethargi new stdgron to 20 000,000 * ɔw on dɔlow of bırsı\n\nJavos deimut daar navoð neikni edt Jɛdt betasunen af JI fasst\n\n„819JJ Card ni aɔisaiƒnto\n\nbetimti qii.Jablov sv. d nibul 20 Jr. A voD\n\nHTM\n\nTY\n\nINGŢI FORVJ BOJAA TOI OLLOLf fo in uwonuję jean 2 m 2,14 TLOAGY ya qu\n\nMA\n\nMijn : & H\n\nR/TİXOM\n\n.e\n\n1913-1914.. 12,000 chests.\n\n1914-1915.. 10,000\n\n1915-1916.. 12,000\n\n1916-1917... 12,000\n\nas quoted in letter under review.\n\n.802) yIs[odw don ai Juo beduier yb 915 ar aidT\n\nafnonish farissen 159€ va al 'ucătɔinsaus' pono conte Insanievoð\n\nfo to 8a8oro ml (80)19) 10 Faftidiso zuen.nevoð yd bodos!\n\nfsen e.... 31 dołdy ataedo 006 ̧EL 20\n\nGeter voninag [Ilda Proqni dolu T! (—igi ni muiyo nojstv\n\n-: BAL BNÍ: U\n\nDi Hi\n\n.JA\n\nVII. \"China, where the price of opium is understood to have\n\nfallen to about the rate obtained last year\" (1919).\n\n(Date of letter April 29th., 1920).\n\n4.\n\nUnder the Hague Convention is it the duty of the\n\nIndian Government to take measures to prevent the export of raw\n\nopium to countries which shall have prohibited its entry.\"\n\nWhether China, against her will is producing much or little opium\n\nA the Indian Government's duty is to prevent export to China.\n\nsuggestion that the effect of the many tons of opium seized by the\n\nChinese Customs is negligible because China herself produces much\n\nopium, appears to be an effort to justify India's breach of the\n\nOpium Convention in allowing much opium to reach China.\n\n5. Does India not export opium to Japan which openly\n\nimports opium in contravention of the Hague Convention into China\n\nat Tsingtao and Dairen?\n\n6. What Government has ever demanded more opium than\n\nIndia was willing to supply?\n\n*India exports no opium to any country which prohibits\n\nimport; it exports no opium to any country in excess of the quantity\n\nwhich the Government of the consuming country desires to admit\".\n\nThat is the comment of the Indian Government on the production of morphia in England and the United States of America in recent years, presumably through Indian opium—and on its wholesale smuggling into China.\n\n1.0.\n\nQ\n\nLed\n\ndvr\n\nFR\n\nMRI-TIRI\n\nBAL\n\nPage 134\n\n...\n\n...\n\n...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 485800, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920", "page_number": 154, "title": "CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920", "content_text": "153\n\nfarm, and prejudice action against the Japanese opium monopolies at Tsingtao and Dairen and the French opium farm at Kuang-Chou-Wan;\n\n(5) The Association consider that the measures taken in Hongkong for the control of morphine, etc., under Articles 10(c), 11 and 12 of the Opium Convention, are most unsatisfactory;\n\n(6) They consider His Majesty's Government to be \"morally bound to extend to Hongkong the provisions of Articles 17 and 18 of the Opium Convention by adopting measures to suppress the opium dens, and to prohibit the use of opium in places of entertainment and brothels, to reduce the number of opium-shops, and to restrict and control the retail trade in opium;\n\n(7) They are of opinion that His Majesty's Government have not carried out the provisions of Article 20 of the Convention by extending to Hongkong and to British subjects in China enactments penalising the illegal possession of opium and kindred drugs;\n\n(8) The Association consider that His Majesty's Government have neglected their obligations under Article 21 in the matter of communicating to the other signatories of the Opium Convention the texts of laws, etc., and statistical information as regards the trade in opium and kindred drugs;\n\n(9) They desire to be furnished with copies of the documents constituting the arrangement made with the Governments of the United States, France and Japan relative to the institution of Government certificates for consignments of morphia\n\nOT/", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 485807, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920", "page_number": 161, "title": "CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920", "content_text": "(\n\n160\n\nCustoms of many tons of smuggled Indian Opium annually is sufficient proof that, in the case of China, at least, H.M. Government is not taking satisfactory measures to prevent the export of raw opium to countries which shall have \"prohibited its entry\", and effectively to prevent smuggling (Chap.IV).\n\n2. The leased territory of Kowloon is a part of China, a country which had prohibited the entry of raw opium. In spite of its obligation under the above clause, H.M. Government has taken no measures to prevent export of raw opium into this leased territory.\n\nArt.5. This Association would appreciate the inclusion of a list of \"duly authorised persons engaged in the import and export of raw opium\" in the statistical information to be exchanged in accordance with Art.21 b.\n\nArt.6. This Association considers it regrettable that in recent years one-half of the fiscal revenue of the Straits Settlements and Federated Malay States and one-third of that of the British Colony of Hongkong should have been derived from taxes on opium consumption. This state of affairs is the more regrettable in that continuance of the existence of an opium farm at Macao is in a large degree due to existing British policy. Any action, therefore, against the Japanese opium monopolies at Tsingtao and Dairen and the French opium farm at Quang Chow-wan is seriously prejudiced by the British farms at Hongkong and Singapore.\n\nIt is hoped that the humanitarian objects outlined", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-465 - Public Offices & Others - 1920.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 487456, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5]", "page_number": 430, "title": "CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5]", "content_text": "## Return of Exchange of Land in Connection with the Sham Shui Po Improvement Scheme, 1920\n\n| Argui in Lot No. | Dimension sq. ft. | Lessee | C. Rent $ | Term of | Exchange for | Remarke |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 252 | 59'6\"x 45' | 2,678 | Teong Hon Ting | $12.00 | 75 years from 1.7.98 | N.K.I.L.252, renew-able K.P., S.D.IV abls for 24 & buildinge on Lot 2339 Sac:A .04 (downe) 1366/18; 3 daye. A sum of $85.68 was paid for SXCSEE $194 ova that the lozz99 was entitlsá to |\n| 253 | 62'x 75' | 4,650 | Cheung Teung Kaun | $22.00 | Do. | Lote 804 K.P. & .10 (Houss) 1965/20 A sum of $85.68 was paid for SXCSEE $194 ova that the lozz99 was entitlsá to n |\n| 255 | 72' x 30' | 2,160 | Wong Yiu Tung | $10.00 | Do. | Lote 2420 * 2428,.03 (Houz9) 1461/19 A sum of $209.00 was S.D.IV & the building therson paid for 9X09EE a19a ova' that the 19cess was entitlsú to. A sum of $213.50 was 1464/19 paid f'a sxc9ee |\n| 257 | 15'x 57'6\" | 863 | Tam Shak Shi | $4.00 | Do. | Lot 2542,S.D.IV .01 (Waste) 1 in & buildinge therson |\n| 258 | 60' x 57'6\" | 3,450 | A.R.F. Raven on behalf of lǝzzes | $16.00 | Do. | Lote 2324,2341, 2440 & 2489, S. D.IV & bullainge therson |\n| 259 | 72'x 75' | 5,400 | | $24.00 | DO. | .11 (Houes) 1966/20 A cum of $129.71 we .02 (Court-yuzu) paid for SX0988 Q15& Over that the locess was entitlsá to. |\n| 260 | 64'6\"x 110\" | 7,095 | Daizon, Rum & Gibbs on behalf of 1999 | $32.00 | Do. | Lote 2548,2549 .04 (Hours) 1930/18 A cum of $218.05 we 2550,S.D.IV & .04 (Court-yuru) buildinge thel's- On (1) paia for SX0982 4198 OVSr that the 134899 was autitlea |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 488989, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 137, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "## II.-Leases.\n\nThe Kowloon Extension (area 356 square miles, leased for ninety-nine years by the Convention of the 9th June, 1898). The population is 93,400, exclusively Chinese. This territory was acquired for strategic reasons for the defences of Hong Kong.\n\nWei-hai Wei, in Shantung, includes the island of Liu-Kung and a belt of land 10 miles wide along the coast line of the bay (area 235 square miles, leased \"for so long a period as Port Arthur shall remain in the occupation of Russia,\" by the Convention of the 1st July, 1898). The population was 147,000 in 1911. Wei-hai Wei has no economic importance, and its value as a naval station, for which it was acquired, has never been developed.\n\n### III. Concessions (Residential)\n\nConcessions under perpetual lease are held by Great Britain at Tien-tsin, Hankow, Canton, Amoy, Chinkiang, Kiukiang and Newchwang (three-quarters of this has been washed away by the river). The total area, excluding Newchwang and the extensions at Hankow (74 acres) and Tien-tsin (1,059 acres), is approximately 233 acres. The present total value of the concession lots and buildings is estimated to exceed £2,500,000.\n\n## IV. Settlements\n\nThe distinction between concessions and settlements are thus defined. The leasing of a concession is made from Government to Government under consideration of a nominal ground rent. In the case of settlements, foreigners rent their land within a prescribed area (1) in perpetuity, or (2) at an expropriation price and for a term of years, generally thirty, renewable at option.\n\nThe principal settlement in China is the International Settlement of Shanghai. This is administered by a municipal council, elected annually by foreign land-renters and ratepayers, and consisting of not more than nine and not less than five persons. Of these the majority is always British, thus indicating the importance of Great Britain's holding in this miniature but valuable republic. The foreign population of this international settlement in 1915 was 18,509. Of these 7,169 were Japanese, 4,822 British, 1,307 Americans and 1,155 Germans.\n\nGeneral foreign settlements also exist at Woosung, Amoy (island of Kulangsu), Changsha, Wuhu, Nanking, Hangchow and Soochow.\n\n## V-Spheres of Influence\n\nGreat Britain's claim to a sphere of influence in the Yang-tsze valley is based on the Chinese Declaration of 1898, given in return for one of the Japanese war indemnity loans, that any territory in the Yang-tsze valley would never be alienated to another Power. This was confirmed by our agreement with Russia of the 28th April, 1899, in which Russia recognised our sphere. That His Majesty's Government has construed the Chinese declaration to connote priority for British claims for railway construction and industrial enterprises, may at first sight appear presumptuous, but as Sir J. Jordan wrote in his despatch No. 257 of the 2nd July, 1914, \"Britain is the only great Power to-day in China who has not converted any of her railway concessions into national undertakings, but has invariably maintained them as Chinese enterprises. All the other Powers, Russia, Japan, France and Germany, chose for the most part to make their railways national undertakings and fix their own tariffs. We alone made ours Chinese State railways and left the control in the hands of the Chinese. We could not, therefore, afford to let Japan or any other Power build railways in the Yang-tsze valley and utilise them, in the approved fashion of Korea and Manchuria, for the purpose of undermining our immense trade interests in the Yang-tsze valley.\n\nExcept in this preventive sense, it is hard to interpret the meaning of our sphere of influence in the Yang-tsze valley, which certainly never tried to aim at any form of national or territorial differentiation. We have financed and constructed for the Chinese Government over 800 miles of railway in the Yang-tsze valley, and we hold loan agreements for some 2,000 more (see `Appendix IV`).\n\nThe area of the Yang-tsze sphere has been defined in answer to a parliamentary question (the 23rd February, 1899) as follows: \"The valley or basin of the Yang-tsze presumably includes, according to the ordinary meaning, the provinces of which the streams run into that river.\"\n\n## VI.-Diplomatic, Consular and Military\n\nBesides the Legation at Peking, His Majesty's Government has consuls-general at Shanghai, Canton, Tien-tsin, Hankow, Yunnan-fu and Kashgar; consuls at Amoy, Changsha, Chefoo, Chengtu, Chinkiang, Dairen, Foochow, Hangchow, Harbin, Ichang, Kiukiang, Kiungchow (and Pakhoi), Mukden, Nanking, Newchwang, Swatow, Tengyueh, Tsinan, Wuchow and Wuhu; and vice-consuls at Chungking, Ningpo and Tsingtao.\n\n| Location | Officers | Other ranks |\n|-----------------|----------|--------------|\n| North China | 6 | 150 |\n| South China | 91 | 974 |\n\n(This includes the Hong Kong garrison, and excludes Indian native troops.) Great Britain has post offices in the following places: Amoy, Canton, Chefoo, Foochow, Hankow, Hoihow, Ningpo, Shanghai, Swatow and Wei-hai Wei; in Tibet, at Gyantse, Phagri and Yatung; in Kashgaria, at Kashgar.\n\n## VII.-Population (Foreign)\n\n| Nationality | 1908 | 1913 | 1919 |\n|-------------|--------|--------|--------|\n| British | 5,662 | 8,966 | 13,284 |\n| American | 2,542 | 5,340 | 6,660 |\n| French | 1,213 | 2,292 | 4,409 |\n| Portuguese | 1,930 | 9,486 | 2,370 |\n| German | 1,658 | 2,949 | 1,885 |\n| Russian | 361 | 5,287 | ... |\n| Japanese | 56,765 | 148,170| 80,219 |\n| Total | 171,185| ... | 171,185|\n\n## VIII Shipping\n\nDuring 1919, out of a total tonnage of 95,725,000 tons of shipping entering and clearing from Chinese ports, 36,284,000 tons were British. The tables given in `Appendices V` and `VI` show that even during the worst years of the war, the preponderance of British shipping in the Chinese ports was well maintained. Japanese shipping has not increased so much as might have been expected, and American competition, though it has greatly increased, especially since 1918, is still a long way behind.\n\nThe names of the principal shipping firms, British and foreign, are given in `Appendix VII`. Of these nine are British, three American and five Japanese.\n\n## IX. Banking\n\nThe pioneer modern bank in China is the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, one of the most powerful banking institutions in the world. This bank, besides its immense business in exchange and in financing trade, has been connected with almost all the principal Government and railway loans in China. It is associated with Messrs. Jardine, Matheson and Co. in the British and Chinese Corporation for railway construction, and it is the leading bank in the British loan.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 488990, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 138, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "## XIII Industrial Concerns\n\nAppendix gives a list of British industrial concerns in Hong Kong and China, of which twenty-eight are in Hong Kong, forty-four in Shanghai, twenty-four in Tien-tsin, ten in Hankow and twenty-three in other cities. The dockyards, sugar refineries, cement works, rope works and works of public utility (gas, electricity, light, tramways, waterworks, &c.) at Hong Kong are a valuable asset to the British position in China, and a model for the Chinese to emulate. So are the cotton mills in Shanghai, of which British interests control seven and Japanese three. As is only right and natural, our principal competitors in the development of China's industries will be the Chinese themselves. They already own thirty-five cotton mills in China, and have seventeen new mills in course of erection. Rice mills, bean mills, flour mills and silk factories are almost all in Chinese hands. The principal iron foundries are either Japanese-owned (as Penhsifu and Anshantien in Manchuria) or Japanese-controlled (as the Hanyangping Works at Hankow). British companies own two important shipbuilding works in Shanghai; and British industrial enterprise in China should be capable of expansion especially in the direction of joint Sino-British enterprises.\n\n## XIV. Wireless\n\nThe British Marconi Company last year signed a series of three agreements with the Chinese Government: (1) to supply the Chinese War Office with wireless telephones for ten years; (2) to erect a chain of wireless stations between Peking and Kashgar, with a loan of £600,000; (3) to form a Sino-British \"National Wireless Telegraph Company\" for a factory for wireless apparatus, with exclusive rights for twenty years.\n\n## XV. Aviation\n\nSix large passenger-carrying machines and two avros have been purchased by the Chinese Government from the Handley Page Company, and a contract has been signed with Messrs. Vickers for the supply of one hundred Vickers-Vimy aeroplanes (with a loan of £1,800,000). A British Royal Air Force officer has been engaged as aviation adviser to the Chinese Government.\n\n## XVI. Cables\n\nThe Eastern Extension, Australasia and China Telegraph Company (British) is one of the principal cable companies operating in China. Its rival and associate is the Great Northern Telegraph Company (Danish), with which it shares a special concession from the Chinese Government; and the line of the Commercial Pacific Company (American) touches China at Shanghai. There are German cables (Deutsch-Nederlandisch-Telegraphen Gesellschaft), whose future has not yet been disposed of. The chief line to Japan (Shanghai-Nagasaki) is controlled by the Danish Company, but the Japanese Government have the right to lay another line of their own. The Japanese own a cable between Sasebo (Japan) and Dairen, and between Dairen and Chefoo.\n\n## XVII.—Mining\n\n| Mines | Tons |\n| --- | --- |\n| Kailan Mining Administration (Chihli) | 4,000,000 |\n| Fu-chung Corporation (Honan) | 1,250,000 |\n| Mentoukou mines | Nil |\n| Total | 5,250,000 |\n\nThe other principal modern coal mines are the Japanese-owned, or Japanese-controlled mines in Manchuria, Shantung and Kiangsi, which produce 5,310,000 tons. Chinese mines worked by natural methods are estimated to produce 10,000,000 tons. The Kailan Administration has concluded an agreement for exploitation of the Tatung coalfields in North Shansi; and is negotiating for an iron concession in the Yang-tsze Valley. The principal iron mines (Manchuria and the Hanyeping deposits) are controlled by the Japanese. British and American companies are negotiating for gold concessions (co-operative), and an American company has concluded a preliminary agreement for the exploitation of mineral resources in Yunnan.\n\n## XVIII. Co-operative Enterprises\n\nThe China Annual Report, 1919, says:—\n\nThere has been a strong movement in favour of co-operative enterprise between Chinese and foreign business men during recent years. From the point of view of the foreigner in China co-operation has practical advantages. Under treaty their residence and activities are confined to the treaty ports. They cannot hold land or any other security in the great interior so long as they are operating as foreign firms. Co-operative enterprise was first tried in connection with mining, and after it had been realised that the day of the 'concession' had passed in China.\n\nNotable Anglo-Chinese enterprises are:\n- The Kailan Mining Administration, 1912.\n- The Fuchung Corporation, 1915.\n- The Chinese National Wireless Company (Limited), 1919.\n- The Chinese Mining Corporation (Limited), 1919.\n- The Chinese-British Trade Corporation, 1919.\n\nThere are also Sino-Japanese, Sino-American, and Sino-French concerns.\n\nPage 136", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 488992, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 140, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "# XXIII-British Employees under the Chinese Government\n\nA list of British interests in China would not be complete without mention of the large number of British subjects employed by the Chinese Government as expert advisers or as assistants in administrative work. I do not know of any complete list of such foreign employees. But in the Chinese Maritime Customs alone, 1,148 foreigners, representing seventeen nationalities, are employed; and of these a little more than 50 per cent are British. The Inspector-General, Sir Francis Aglen, is a British subject, in accordance with the Chinese Declaration of the 13th February, 1898, that the Inspector-General of the Maritime Customs should be a British subject so long as British trade predominates in China. It may be observed en passant that the Japanese statesman, Viscount Kato, in his confidential talk with Mr. Alston in June 1919, touched upon this subject and remarked that \"the increase in Japanese trade might soon enable his country to claim priority.\"\n\nSir Reginald Gamble, Foreign Associate Chief Inspector in the Salt Administration, is also a British subject, and so is a large proportion of his foreign staff of about forty persons.\n\n## Competition in China\n\nF. ASHTON-GWATKIN\n\n## PART II-Our Competitors\n\nOur principal competition in the past has been with Germany, since Germany traded largely in the same lines as we did. German competition has for the time being been entirely swept away, and it is evident that it will not recover for many years. French trade is chiefly concerned with silk, and Russian trade with tea; British merchants have comparatively little share in these two businesses. It is clear that our principal competitors in the future will be Japan and the United States of America. These two countries have geographical advantages with which we cannot compete; moreover, they each take a very large share of China's export trade - United States of America in silk (which is China's most valuable export), hides, and egg products, and Japan in beans, beancake, and bean oil (the second most valuable export), raw cotton, iron ore, and pig-iron, flour, wheat, wool, fibres, ground-nuts, sesamum seed. This development of the export trade has naturally assisted in increasing the volume of imports. But the Japanese are handicapped by the hatred with which they have inspired the Chinese, and by the poor quality of their goods; and the Americans by their inexperience of the China market, and by the absence of a mature development of banking and shipping facilities.\n\n### United States of America\n\nWe must recognise, however, that both of our most dangerous competitors lay great stress on the national spirit in trade, and both are actively engaged in extending their commercial interests in China. In Shanghai alone, 100 new American firms, amongst which are included several banks and shipping companies, started business in 1919 (see Appendices VII and VIII). Especially in the supply of iron and steel, in machinery, and, to a certain extent, in cotton fabrics, American competition has been keenly felt. For instance, the supply of motor cars to the Far East has become practically an American monopoly. The Jones Act, which has just become law in America, appears to aim largely at a monopolisation of American trade in the Pacific for American ships. It is a manifest threat to Japanese and British tonnage transporting goods from China to the United States; and seeing that the American mercantile marine has increased from 2,027,000 tons before the war to 16,350,000 tons in July, 1920, it is clear that the threat is not an idle one. An independent interest in railway finance and construction in China commenced in 1916 with the Siems-Carey concessions, although as members of the first consortium, the Americans were already concerned in a share of the Hukuang lines. The Standard Oil Company has tanks and factories in China; and the Singer Sewing Machine Company has agencies throughout the country. The General Electric Company has a share in an electric bulb factory at Shanghai (China Lamp Company, Japan-American), and the Western Electric Company has a share in a telephone factory in the same city (China Electric Company, Sino-Japanese American). Americans have three albumen factories at Shanghai, and a refrigeratory at Tsingtao. At Tien-tsin, a Sino-American flour-milling company has begun operations with a mill, which is to be the first of a comprehensive system of mills to be erected by the same company at various centres in North China. The company will later engage in the pressing of bean-oil and the making of macaroni; another American concern at Tien-tsin has begun work on a new cold-storage, meat-packing, and egg-albumen plant. An American syndicate is prospecting for metals in Yunnan. Finally, the lead taken by America in the formation of the new loan consortium, and the fact that the American market alone is at present in a position to find the ready capital which China's development so badly needs, will greatly enhance America's prestige in China and assist her commercial and industrial expansion. America is also greatly assisted by her large share in missionary and educational work in China (see Appendix XIV), by the return of half her Boxer indemnity, and by the fact that she has never joined in the scramble for concessions or territories. Chinese regard America as their one disinterested friend.\n\n### Japan\n\nJapanese competition is more to be feared than American, because their Government recognises that they must keep the Chinese market or cease to exist as a great commercial country. Japanese commercial expansion in China has been fostered by every possible means, by Government undertakings like the South Manchurian Railway, by subsidies to shipping, industrial, and other concerns, by diplomatic pressure exerted à outrance, as in the case of the Twenty-One Demands, and by a series of purely political, non-economic loans which can only be described as the systematic purchase of the leading politicians in China. Japanese financial control of China has considerably strengthened since the days before the war, when Japan had to rely on the support of the London market for funds to promote her policies abroad. Now it is Japan and America who will carry the British and French share in forthcoming consortium loans. During 1917-18, it is estimated that Japan invested between £20,000,000 and £30,000,000 of her war profits in financing (and corrupting) China. As securities for these loans, the Chinese have pledged railway revenues, salt revenues, native customs revenue, iron, tin, and antimony mines, forests, bank stock (e.g., Bank of Communications), shares in the Lanchow Coal Company (which is part of the Kailan Mining Administration), telegraph property, wireless telegraph property, provincial revenues, &c. It has been said that, since 1917, the corrupt Government of China has pawned to the Japanese every national asset on which it could lay hands. The principal Japanese bank for financing the China trade and for making loans to the China authorities has been the Yokohama Specie Bank. But during the great loan period 1917-18, it was the Bank of Chosen (Korea), in conjunction with the Industrial Bank and the Bank of Taiwan (Formosa), which found the funds (see Appendices VIII and IX).\n\n#### Japan: Trade\n\nHelped by many advantages, natural and artificial, the percentage of Japan's share in the China trade shows a remarkable upward curve:\n\n| Year | Percentage |\n|------|------------|\n| 1896 | 8.4 |\n| 1903 | 14.7 |\n| 1913 | 19.7 |\n| 1914 | 21.1 |\n| 1915 | 23.1 |\n| 1916 | 28.3 |\n| 1917 | 39.4 |\n| 1918 | 40.9 |\n| 1919 | 37.1 |\n\nJapanese shipping in the Chinese carrying-trade shows the following increase in percentage of the total tonnage:\n\n| Year | Percentage |\n|------|------------|\n| 1903 | 12.2 |\n| 1913 | 25.1 |\n| 1914 | 21.5 |\n| 1915 | 26.3 |\n| 1916 | 27.5 |\n| 1917 | 28.2 |\n| 1918 | 31.2 |\n| 1919 | 28.4 |\n\nIn 1919, the whole of the iron ore exported from China went to Japan, and most of the output of pig-iron. The only important iron and steel works in China, the Hanyang works and those near Dairen in South Manchuria, are under Japanese control. There has been little export of coal from China as yet; but, of a total production of 13,000,000 tons produced by modern methods, the Manchurian mines...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 488993, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 141, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "# Japan's Interests in China\n\n## Japan: Coal and Iron Production\n\nUnder Japanese management, coal production in China was significant. Mines under Japanese management were responsible for nearly 3,500,000 tons, and Japanese mines in Shantung produced 1,000,000 tons, while those in Kiangsi produced 500,000 tons. Important coal and iron concessions in nine places in Manchuria were secured under the 1915 treaty with China.\n\n## Japan: Trade with China\n\nOf Chinese exports, next to silk, the most valuable are beancake (44,000,000 taels in 1919) and raw cotton (30,000,000 taels in 1919); both of these are almost entirely taken up by Japan. Japan also took in 1919 about one-third of the export of flour and one-half of the export of wheat. Japan, therefore, in 1919 was the principal purchaser of Chinese produce.\n\nThe principal imports into China are cotton goods and cotton yarns. Japan provided over a third (value 30,000,000 taels). The exact import of Japanese cotton goods into China is difficult to estimate, but out of a total cotton import (including yarns) of 210,000,000 taels, the Japanese share cannot be less than one-third. Japan in 1919 was the principal provider of foreign imports.\n\nThe boycott of 1919, according to the figures given by the Imperial Maritime Customs, did not have nearly so serious an effect on Japanese trade as had been expected. China is too dependent on Japan to boycott her goods effectively; and too many Chinese ports are in Japanese hands. Appendix XV shows the steady increase of the trade of those ports which chiefly handle Japanese goods, viz.: Dairen, Antung, and Kiaochow (Tsingtao).\n\n## Japan: Railways\n\nThe railways in Japanese control are principally to be found in the \"special spheres\" of South Manchuria and Shantung. In South Manchuria, Japan has some 850 miles in operation, some 580 miles under construction, and some 900 miles projected under concession. In Shantung, Japan has the Tsingtao-Tsinan railway (510 miles), with concessions for 430 miles more. The Japanese also have a financial hold over the Kiukiang-Nanchang railway (86 miles) in the Yang-tsze valley, with a promise of the support of Great Britain in obtaining a continuation of the line to Foochow, and a Japanese loan has been advanced to the Peking-Suiyuan railway (266 miles), which for many years had been China's pride as her one purely national railway.\n\n## Japan: Propaganda\n\nIn the Twenty-One Demands, an attempt was made to secure for Japanese Buddhist missionaries a footing in China like that allowed to Christian missions; this demand, however, was shelved. Mr. Carl Crow's Memorandum (see `Confidential Print 151232` of the 12th November, 1919) shows how persistent and widespread is Japanese newspaper propaganda in China. These Japanese-controlled newspapers have been consistently and vituperously anti-British. A Japanese propaganda society runs a school at Shanghai for teaching Chinese language and customs to Japanese, and for teaching Japanese to Chinese students. Another propaganda society runs three or four Japanese hospitals in China.\n\n## Japan: Industries - Manchuria\n\nSimilarly, with Japan's industrial interests in China, they are centred chiefly at Dairen, Mukden, and Tsingtao. At Dairen, there is the Kawasaki dockyard and four ironworks, six bean-oil and cake mills, factories for sulphuric acid and dye stuffs, seven brick works, one cement works, one rice mill, one bone-dust mill, three soap (bean-oil) works, two salt works, one tile factory, one ice factory, one cold storage works, &c., all in Japanese hands. At Mukden, there are two woollen-yarn and weaving mills, oil mills, saw mills, and rice mills, a sugar refinery, chemical works, glass factories, match factories, and candle factories, under Japanese or under joint Sino-Japanese control. There are two tobacco factories of the To-A Tobacco Company at Mukden and at Ewchwang. At Harbin, in the Russian sphere of North Manchuria, there is at least one Japanese flour mill, and the Japanese Government have installed a commercial museum as general headquarters for their commercial offensive. There are electric light works, Japanese and Sino-Japanese, throughout South Manchuria, which is certainly the province of China best equipped with modern conveniences. There is the important Penhsifu coalfield and ironworks managed by Okura and Co., and there are the numerous undertakings of the South Manchurian railway, which include the Fushun and Yentai coal mines, the Anshantien iron mines and foundry, harbour, gas, electricity works, glass works, tile factory, hotels, schools, hospitals, &c. Important companies have been recently floated in Japan (1) to develop cattle-raising in Manchuria and Mongolia, (2) for rice cultivation in Manchuria. A Japanese authority values Japanese interests in South Manchuria at £30,000,000.\n\n## Japan: Industries - Shantung\n\nAt Tsingtao, the Japanese have taken over from the Germans their brewery, railway repair shop, shipyard, cotton-spinning mill, silk filature, flour mill, and salt works (this salt industry is expanding rapidly, and the Japanese set great store by it). They also have two match factories, tanneries, four oil refineries, two albumen factories, two canneries, an ice factory, a glass factory, a lumber mill, brick and tile factories, a cement and coke works, a glycerine factory, two soap factories, a rice mill, and smelting works. According to a United States of America commercial handbook, 1919, Japanese capitalists seem to be inaugurating a vigorous development of the manufacturing possibilities in Tsingtao, chiefly along the lines indicated above, raw materials for such enterprises being obtainable both cheaply and abundantly in the hinterland of the leased territory. No less than five new cotton-spinning mills, with 155,000 spindles, have been projected by Japanese companies in order to make Tsingtao one of the centres of this great new industry of China. Ironworks are projected at Chin-Ling-Chen, 180 miles from Tsingtao; and coal mines have been acquired at various points in Shantung. Japanese undertakings (two glass factories and an albumen factory) have been started at Tsinan, the capital of Shantung.\n\nIt is not difficult to foresee in these activities the formation in Shantung of a second Japanese enclave like South Manchuria.\n\nElsewhere than in these protected spheres, Japanese industrial enterprise is less to the fore. However, in Shanghai, the Japanese have obtained control of at least three cotton mills, one flour mill, and one paper mill. At Hankow, they have, through loans and through the 1915 treaty with China, acquired a preponderant interest in the great undertakings of the Han-Yeh-Ping Company, which is the overshadowing industrial concern of Hankow (see `Appendix I`). At Tien-tsin, they have a cigarette factory, an oil mill, a flour mill, and an ironworks.\n\n## Japan: Population, Special Rights, &c.\n\nIt may be added that the Japanese population in China is given by the Maritime Customs as 171,485; of these, about 75,000 are in South Manchuria and about 65,000 in the Kwantung Peninsula. The Japanese population of Shantung is over 25,000, of whom about 20,000 are in Tsingtao itself. There are probably some 10,000 Japanese in Shanghai. The Japanese have thirty-two consulates in China and fifty-three post offices. They own residential concessions at Hankow, Tien-tsin, and Amoy, and settlements at Chungking, Hangchow, and Soochow. They maintain a large force of railway guards along the South Manchurian railway and in Shantung, and a garrison of about 1,000 men in Hankow. By the treaty of 1915, they acquired exclusive rights for residence in South Manchuria, and for industrial and agricultural undertakings in Eastern Inner Mongolia, with extra-territorial privileges.\n\n## Japan: Formosa and Fukien\n\nFinally, the great and rich island of Formosa should not be lost sight of, which Japan took from China as a result of the war of 1894. It has an area of 13,839 square miles, a population of 3,600,000, and an import and export trade (1918) of £25,000,000. It is peculiarly rich in sugar, tea, rice, camphor, coal, and other minerals, including petroleum. After the acquisition of Formosa, the attention of Japan was first attracted towards expansion in China, and her first attempt to carve out a sphere of influence was in the direction of Fukien. In 1898, China gave Japan an assurance of non-alienation of this province. But after the Russo-Japanese war, Japanese development in Korea and Manchuria began. The Fukien sphere has been left in abeyance, but it has by no means been forgotten.\n\n## Japanese and British in the Yang-tsze Valley\n\nJapanese competition has established itself practically to the exclusion of all other in the spheres of South Manchuria and Shantung, where Japanese interests are paramount. In the Yang-tsze valley, it meets the competition of other nations on equal terms. For a full and interesting investigation of the question, Sir J. Jordan's ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489007, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 155, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "## APPENDIX XV\n\n### Educational Institutions in China\n\nAnglo-Chinese College; Boys, 484. \nFoochow College; Boys, 410. \nFoochow Union College; Boys, 57 (contains British tutors). \nWomen's College of South China; Women, 120. \nY.M.C.A. College; Boys, 180. \nKaifeng, Honan: Baptist College; Boys, 56. Changsha, Hunan: \nHunan-Yale College of Medicine; Men, 50. \nYale College in China; Boys, 180. \nKiukiang, Kiangsi: William Nast College; Boys, 279. Nanying, Kiangsu: Gipling College: Women, 18. Shanghai Baptist College; Men, 184. \nSoochow Women's Medical College; Women, 14. Canton, Kwantung: \nCanton Christian College; Boys, 386; Girls, 26. Hackett Medical College for Women, 50. \nHenry V. Noyes Memorial College; Boys, 200.\n\n**NOTE.** The following Government colleges have a large percentage of Americans as teachers:- \nTsing Hua College, Peking (supported from American indemnity return). Peiyang University, Tien-tsin. \nGovernment Institute of Technology, Shanghai.\n\nAmerican Indemnity.-Sum equal to 10,765,886 dollars was returned to the Chinese Government by the United States Government, and this money is used to educate students first in the Tsing Hua College and afterwards in America.\n\n### Value of the Direct Foreign Trade of the Ten Largest Treaty Ports\n\n| Port | 1913 Value | 1915 Value | 1917 Value | 1919 Value |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Shanghai | 421.31 | 407.44 | 521.43 | 899.65 |\n| Canton | 87.73 | 60.48 | 77.86 | 95.80 |\n| Tien-tsin | 59.49 | 68.16 | 70.88 | 94.41 |\n| Dairen | 58.75 | 65 | 198.09 | 109.85 |\n| Hankow | 68.16 | 57.53 | 44.21 | 51.95 |\n| Kowloon | - | 51.42 | 52.62 | 39.11 |\n| Antung | - | 43.52 | 37.77 | 23.32 |\n| Harbin | - | 88.64 | 49.52 | 25.41 |\n| Kiaochow | - | 48.00 | 34.72 | 28.42 |\n| Swatow | - | 27.63 | 26.51 | 28.99 |\n| Macao (Lappa) | - | 17.00 | 19.71 | 15.20 |\n| Mengtsz | - | - | 15.20 | - |\n\nThe italics are those ports which lie in Japanese spheres. During 1918 Japan had (according to the U.S.A. Commercial Handbook) 79 per cent of the trade of Dairen, 97 per cent of the trade of Antung, 83 per cent of the trade of Kiaochow, 88 per cent of the trade of Shantung.\n\nPage 3121 \nHONG KONG \n3121 \nRESS \n3729 \n153 \nPau 24 JAN 20 \nNorth China Famine relief \n...the attitude towards suggestion of Baptist Committee... \nValue of the Direct Foreign Trade of the Ten Largest Treaty Ports.\n\nNext subsequent Paper. \nXe (65404) Wt. 14135/24 Gp. 163 25000 8/20 W & S Ltd. \nAs regards para 3, the Straits ... \nbut the amount then was...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489367, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 515, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "# Enclosure in Peking Despatch No.77 of 14/2/21.\n\nSir,\n\n512\nDecember 17th, 1920.\n\nI have the honour to request that you will be good enough to transmit to H.M. Minister at Peking the following resolution passed at the Conference of British Chambers of Commerce in China and Hongkong held in Shanghai early in November:\n\n\"That this Conference welcomes the intention of H.M. Government, as evidenced by the Dangerous Drugs Acts of 1920 to control traffic in opium and its derivatives, but fears that these efforts will to a great extent be nullified unless the Chinese Government and the Foreign Powers are prepared to cooperate effectively in preventing the cultivation, import or sale of these drugs in any part of the country.\"\n\nThe discussion of the above resolution at the Conference called attention to many aspects of this question, both as regards the cultivation of and trade in opium in China and in connection with the importation into Manchuria and elsewhere of vast quantities of even more harmful drugs such as morphia and cocaine. The facts presented by the delegates of the Peking, Dairen, and Shanghai Chambers afforded conclusive evidence that there has been a lamentable failure on the part of the Chinese...\n\nEverard Fraser, K.C.M.G.\nH. Consul-General,\nSHANGHAI.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489614, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 105, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "1 used for other \n\n104 \nsany's proceedings, 'even if it \n\nThe Customs returns seem to show that all the morphine received by the Company cannot be sent to Japan, nor the figures given under the heading of drugs are too small to account for it, but argument on this point is possible, because it is contended that the Company receive morphine from the Government factory, and then by refining it greatly reduce its bulk.\n\nTaking into account the facts that there have admittedly been opium scandals in Dairen, that officials in Formosa are suspected of similar malpractices and that they can give no clear explanation of certain points, although such explanation would be perfectly easy if there were nothing to conceal; it seems probable that a certain amount of morphine, and possibly of opium too, is smuggled into... China with the connivance of some high officials. On the other hand, there can hardly be a general conspiracy of the whole administration, for in that case it would merely be necessary to alter the figures of the customs returns to the amount of morphine produced, and any illegal practice would be effectually concealed.\n\nMr. Phipps mentions that there is probably less smuggling of drugs into China from Formosa now than formerly; several missionaries whom I consulted agreed with this opinion. It also appears probable that Mr. Kaku, the head of the Monopoly Bureau for Opium, Camphor, and Tobacco, was removed from his post and it may be hoped that this was an indication on the part of the central authorities to stop smuggling. But another and higher official whose name was freely mentioned in connection with the scandals,\n\nI have the honour, etc.,\n\n(Signed.) \nC. Eliot", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489868, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 359, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "## 358\n\n**T**\n\nExcliac's from \n\nSir C Blunt's Report **Cliot's Formosa Island (June 22)**\n\n## ANNEX (A)\n\nOpium in Formosa is a Government monopoly, and the drug is sold only to licensed smokers who can produce a ticket. According to official statistics, the number of smokers was about 170,000 in 1900, but had decreased to about 77,000 in 1914. The Government have repeatedly declared their intention of gradually suppressing smoking and issuing no new licences, and it is certain that stringent measures are taken to prevent Japanese from acquiring or indulging the habit. Foreign observers are of the opinion that the same energy is not shown in dealing with Formosans and that if the Government had strictly carried out their programme of issuing no new licences, the number of smokers ought to be smaller.\n\nIt appears that opium comes to Formosa from Persia, Turkey, and India. In 1920, the Japanese Embassy in London applied, at the instance of the Formosan Government, for permission to import no less than 20 tons of opium from the United Kingdom for medicinal purposes. Permission for the export of 6 tons only was granted, but no satisfactory explanation has ever been given of the enormous quantity demanded.\n\nSince there have been opium scandals at Dairen, in consequence of which Japanese officials were convicted by Japanese courts, there is nothing unreasonable in suspecting similar malpractices in Formosa on the part of individual officials. It is, however, excessive to accuse the Formosan Government as a whole of conspiring to obtain opium for secret export to China. Malpractices of three classes probably occur:\n\n1. In return for bribes, the police issue licences to new smokers.\n2. Opium is removed from the Government factory and sent to China. I was informed by missionaries at Tainan that the police had discovered and seized a large consignment which was being despatched to the Chinese coast in this way. They could not give details, but were sure that this general outline of the facts was correct.\n3. It is alleged that when crude opium is converted into opium paste in the Government factory at Taihoku, morphia is produced as a by-product; that this morphia is sold to the Hoshi drug company, who profess to export it to Japan for medicinal purposes; that it is really exported secretly to China, because the official figures showing the amount of drugs exported to Japan are not sufficiently large to cover the amount of morphia which is admittedly handed over to the Hoshi company.\n\nA detailed examination of this charge would be tedious and unsatisfactory, since many technical questions are involved, for instance, to what extent can the bulk of morphia be reduced by concentrating processes. I have little doubt, however, that there is something not straightforward about the business. The Consul and myself have both had the same experience. On several occasions, His Majesty's authorities were anxious and, indeed, insistent that we should see and investigate the work of the opium monopoly bureau, but whenever this particular question of the manufacture and disposal of morphia came up, the officials concerned became confused and irritable. I believe that the head of the bureau, who is probably responsible for whatever irregularities may have occurred, has been dismissed.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489889, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 380, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n## CHINA\n\n### SECTION 4\n\n[F 3130/616/10]\n\n#### No. 1\n\n**Sir C. Eliot to the Marquess Curzon of Kedleston.-(Received August 23.)**\n\n(No. 378.)\n\nHIS Majesty's representative at Tokyo presents his compliments to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and has the honour to transmit herewith a copy of despatch No. 54 from His Majesty's acting consul at Dairen respecting the Fushun collieries.\n\nTokyo, July 19, 1921.\n\n### Enclosure 1 in No. 1\n\n**Acting Consul Cunningham to Sir C. Eliot.**\n\nDairen, July 11, 1921.\n\n(No. 54.) Sir,\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit herewith four copies of a report on the Fushun collieries drawn up by myself and based on information obtained as a result of my visit to the mines at the beginning of May last.\n\nI am sending a copy of this report direct to His Majesty's consul-general at Mukden and to the commercial counsellor to His Majesty's Legation at Peking (at Shanghai).\n\nW. B. CUNNINGHAM.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n### Enclosure 2 in No. 1\n\n#### Report on the Fushun Collieries\n\n##### Location\n\nTHE Fushun collieries, operated by the South Manchuria Railway Company, are situated at a distance of about 20 miles from Mukden and lie almost due east of that city. They are connected with the main line of the railway by a single-line branch from Suchiatun (8 miles from Mukden and 236 miles from Dairen). The line follows the course of the Hun-ho, the large river crossed just before Mukden is entered from the south, and the coalfield lies close to the left bank of this river and at the foot of a low range of hills about 500 feet in height. The height above the average level of water in Dairen Bay is 260 feet.\n\n##### Area of Concession\n\nThe Fushun concession, which is bounded on the north by the Hun River, is, roughly speaking, 10 miles in length from east to west, while the width varies from 2 to 2 miles. The total area is approximately 23.4 square miles.\n\n##### History\n\nThe existence of coal in the Fushun district has been known for many centuries, as there is evidence that coal was mined six hundred years ago by the Koreans, specimens of Korean pottery of that date having been found in the course of recent operations. When the Chinese obtained possession of the country, however, the mines do not appear to have been worked, and it was only about twenty years ago that the Chinese commenced mining operations on a small and simple scale. The mines were later acquired by Russia, and their development was being taken in hand at the time of the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese war, after which they passed into the hands of the Japanese. In April 1907 the South Manchuria Railway Company were entrusted with the work of operating and developing the mines, and since that time extraordinary progress has been made with the result that the collieries now rank among the largest and most up-to-date in the world.\n\n##### Geology\n\nThe coal seams, of which there are two principal ones, belong to the tertiary period and rest upon granite gneiss. The upper seam is at present the only one which... \n\n[6735 z-4]\n\n## Page 379", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489891, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 382, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "381 \n\nThe following is a recent analysis :- \n\n| Volatile matter | Per cent. | 5·717 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Output. | | 40·635 |\n| Water | | |\n| Ash | | 53·648 |\n| Fixed carbon | | 3·89 |\n| Sulphur... | | 0·53 |\n| Nitrogen | | 1·60 |\n| Specific gravity | | 1·276 |\n\nThe average daily output of the Fushun mines is at present about 8,000 to 9,000 tons. The colliery, however, has for some months past not been working at full strength, as the company have been obliged to reduce production owing to decreased sales resulting from the business depression of last year and the consequent accumulation of considerable stocks, variously estimated to amount to from 400,000 to 1,000,000 tons.\n\nThe total quantity of coal mined during the working year 1920, i.e., from April 1920 to March 1921, is stated to have been 8,129,835 tons, and these figures show an increase of over 200,000 tons as compared with those for the previous year. The output for each of the fourteen years during which the colliery has been operating under the South Manchuria Railway Company is shown in Annex No. attached to this report, and it will be seen that there has been a steady increase in output year by year, and that the quantity mined during 1920 was nearly four times as great as that mined during 1910. The plant is at present said to be capable of an output of 10,000 tons a day, and this figure was actually reached during the autumn of last year, though, as already stated, the mines are not now working at full strength, and the output has been considerably reduced.\n\n## Labour\n\nThe labour employed at the mines is, of course, mainly Chinese, the great majority of the miners coming from the province of Shantung. Few of them remain long at the mines, six months being about the average stay, after which the men return home. The colliery, however, has little or no difficulty in securing an adequate supply of labour as there are always plenty of coolies travelling to Manchuria in search of employment and, when necessary, men are sent to recruit coolies in Shantung.\n\nSo far there has been no serious labour trouble at the mines, though some time ago there was some talk of a cessation of work among the miners unless their wages were raised. Trouble was, however, averted by compliance with the miners' demands.\n\nWork is carried on night and day in two shifts, the total number of men employed being at present about 10,500, of whom 8,000 are Chinese. The latter are paid in silver, receiving on an average about 50 cents a day. The present rates of wages paid (in gold yen) are as follows:-\n\n| | Japanese | | | Chinese | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | Maximum | Minimum | Average | Maximum | Minimum | Average |\n| | Yen | Yen | Yen | Yen | Yen | Yen |\n| **Above ground Workman** | | | | | | |\n| Guard.. | 3·02 | 1·80 | 2·32 | 0·64 | 0·39 | 0·48 |\n| Loader | 3·57 | 1·30 | 2·20 | 1·00 | 0·39 | 0·51 |\n| Coal sorter | 2·64 | 1·20 | 2·20 | 0·70 | 0·93 | 0·50 |\n| Blacksmith | 5·13 | 1·30 | 3·22 | 1·27 | 0·27 | 0·49 |\n| Driller | 2·53 | 2·53 | ... | 6·77 | 0·43 | 0·55 |\n| Surveyor | 3·18 | 1·98 | 2·28 | 0·60 | 0·43 | 0·51 |\n| Carpenter | 3·70 | 2·08 | 2·90 | 1·10 | 0·57 | 0·70 |\n| Loading hand | 2·62 | 1·70 | 2·20 | 0·68 | 0·86 | 0·49 |\n| Miscellaneous | 3·40 | 1·00 | 2·20 | 0·82 | 0·32 | 0·44 |\n| **Underground Workmen** | | | | | | |\n| Hewer | 3·60 | 1·70 | 2·44 | 1·01 | 0·31 | 0·51 |\n| Timeborman | 9·53 | 2·08 | 2·78 | 0·90 | 0·35 | 0·57 |\n| ... | 3·65 | 2·22 | 2·96 | 0·84 | 0·31 | 0·57 |\n| | 1·90 | 1·50 | 1·72 | 0·78 | 0·95 | 0·58 |\n| | 3·02 | 2·00 | 3·19 | 0·07 | 0·48 | 0·57 |\n| | 3·85 | 1·80 | 2·21 | 0·79 | 0·35 | 0·53 |\n| Flushing hand | 3·55 | 1·08 | 2·55 | 0·80 | 0·40 | 0·50 |\n| Miscellaneous | 3·45 | 1·20 | 2·15 | 0·93 | 0·87 | 0·30 |\n| Carpenter | | | | | | |\n| Surveyor | | | | | | |\n| Foreman Trimmer | ::::: | | | | | |\n\nThe actual wages (in silver) received by the Chinese employees have not increased much during the last few years, though owing to the high cost of silver prevailing during the greater part of 1919 and 1920 the company's wages bill has, of course, been much higher than it would otherwise have been, e.g., in April 1919 the average wage of the Chinese was 0·56 gold yen; in April 1920, 0·71 gold yen; and in April 1921, 0·48 gold yen. The wages of the Japanese employees, on the other hand, have risen considerably from 1·28 yen in April 1919 to 2·60 yen in April 1921. Present rates of exchange the value of a yen in English currency is about 2s. 6d., so that the wages paid at the Fushun mines compare very favourably with those ruling in the United Kingdom.\n\nAll the Chinese labourers are accommodated by the company in specially constructed quarters, and when at work they are given a certain amount of food every day, while arrangements are made whereby they can obtain meals from kitchens operated by the company at extremely reasonable prices, the cost of such meals being deducted from their wages. They have to work a certain number of full days before they are entitled to receive any money, a system which is found to work satisfactorily, as it tends to counteract a tendency to laziness, which is a common failing of the Chinese coolie.\n\nThe Japanese employees at the colliery are also housed by the company, and practically all the houses in the Japanese portion of the town are heated in winter by a central heating plant. The total Japanese population of the town of Fushun is about 12,000, and the company maintains its own hospitals and schools. There is also an electric tramway service from the railway station to the extreme end of the concession, the line being run in conjunction with that linking up the various workings. The total mileage of the lines in operation is over 40 miles. There are three Germans employed by the company at the mines.\n\n## Markets\n\nAnnexes Nos. 2 to 5 attached to this report show-\n\n1. The total sales of Fushun coal in Manchuria;\n2. The quantity of Fushun coal used by the South Manchuria Railway Company for their own purposes;\n3. The exports of Fushun coal; and\n4. The quantity of Fushun coal used for bunkering vessels during the four years from 1917 to 1920.\n\nExports during the first six months of 1921 amounted to 198,043 tons, over one-third of which was exported during the month of June. The exports in that month included 13,970 tons shipped from Dairen to the United States, the first shipment of its kind that has been made.\n\n## Prices of Coal\n\nThe authorities are naturally inclined to be somewhat reticent in regard to the actual cost per ton of working the coal. From remarks made to the writer, however, at the time of a recent visit to the mines, it may be stated that the cost of mining the coal has risen considerably during the last two or three years. Wages for some time ruled high, while the high prices of machinery, &c., prevailing during the war involved the expenditure of much larger sums than were previously paid. It is not unlikely, therefore, that the cost of working the coal has risen 150 per cent., and a conservative estimate of the cost per ton would perhaps be about 5 yen.\n\nAt the date of writing the retail price of Fushun lump coal at Dairen is 18·10 yen per ton (including retailer's delivery fee). This is more than 100 per cent. higher than the price which ruled for many years prior to the beginning of 1916, viz., 8·30 yen per ton, while for a short time at the end of the winter of 1919-1920 the price was 24·70 yen per ton, the highest figure reached up to the present time. From the autumn of 1920 until the end of January last the price was 24·20 yen per ton; in February it fell to 21·80 yen; and in May it was further reduced to its present figure.\n\n[6785 2-4]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489892, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 383, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "## The prices at which the coal is at present retailed by the railway company at Dairen are as follows:--\n| Type of Coal | Price (Yen) |\n| --- | --- |\n| Lump coal | 17.50 |\n| Dust coal | 13.65 |\n| Run of the mine coal | 15.65 |\n| Bunker coal, lump | 13.90 |\n| Bunker coal, dust | 10.40 |\n| Bunker coal, run of mine | 11.90 |\n\nThe price of Fushun coal, however, is much higher than that of most other Chinese coal, e.g., the coal from the Kailan mines is retailed in Tien-tsin for about 8 dollars per ton, and it is difficult to understand why the South Manchuria Railway Company find it necessary to keep their prices so high, as conditions in Fushun must be very similar to those in other parts of China. Moreover, it was only after strenuous agitation in the press that the company reduced their prices, and this in spite of the fact that exports fell off and there was a large accumulation of stocks owing to the trade depression. The company, however, have a virtual monopoly of the coal market throughout Manchuria, or rather of the districts served by the railway line, and the conclusion is almost forced upon one that it is from the profits which they must have made from the Fushun mines during the last two or three years that they have been paying for their somewhat costly experiments in other directions, e.g., the Anshan Iron and Steel Works, which, as is generally known, have so far proved anything but a success.\n\n### Future of Fushun\nExperts are agreed that the Fushun colliery as it is to-day is one of the most up-to-date mines in the world. The coal resources are vast, and the colliery is well organised and managed by first-class men, who are enthusiastic over the work that is being done. Further developments on a large scale are contemplated, and large sums of money will, it is said, be spent on the mines during the next few years, while it is hoped to increase the output considerably. Mining plant of all kinds will be required and there should be good openings for British manufacturers in this direction. Keen American competition must be expected, however, as there has of late been a tendency on the part of the management of the colliery to favour American plant, and in fact Viscount Inouye, the general superintendent of the colliery, has for some months past been touring in the United States, doubtless with a view to finding out conditions there and possibly to place orders for some of the plant that will be required. He also intends to visit the United Kingdom before his return to Fushun. Recently, too, a party of six American geologists and metallurgists have been visiting the mines at the invitation of the company, and are said to be carrying out exhaustive investigations into the future possibilities of the mines, more especially, it is understood, in connection with the development of the open workings, the direction in which it may be anticipated that the greatest efforts will be made during the course of the next few years. A map of the Fushun mines, published by the South Manchuria Railway Company, is appended to this report (`Annex No. 6`).\n\nDairen, July 1922.\n\n## Annex No. 1, Annex No. 2\n\n### TABLE showing Sales of Fushun Coal in Manchuria for the Years 1917-20\n| Location | 1917 (Tons) | 1918 (Tons) | 1919 (Tons) | 1920 (Tons) |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Harbin | 178,087 | 56,246 | 76,726 | 100,538 |\n| Changchun | | 96,233 | 143,367 | 99,868 |\n| Supingkai | | 7,249 | 7,997 | 11,117 |\n| Mukden | | 4,898 | 28,824 | 31,481 |\n| Antung | | | 42,690 | 20,022 |\n| Liaoyang | | | 60,753 | 67,390 |\n| Yingkow | | | 104,950 | 100,190 |\n| Dairen | | 35,998 | 48,379 | 75,829 |\n| Karin | | 7,550 | 25,269 | 22,792 |\n| Booth | | | 38,582 | 37,026 |\n| South Manchuria Railway Co.'s servants | | | 63,494 | 67,508 |\n| Other | | | 69,510 | 48,375 |\n| **Total** | **779,544** | **900,251** | **1,012,236** | **989,238** |\n\n### Annex No. 3\n#### TABLE showing Quantity of Fushun Coal used by South Manchuria Railway Company for their own purposes during the Years 1917-20\n| Purpose | 1917 (Tons) | 1918 (Tons) | 1919 (Tons) | 1920 (Tons) |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| For railways | 197,222 | 287,616 | 391,458 | 517,015 |\n| For workshops | 146,598 | 266,994 | 292,648 | 396,024 |\n| For steamers | 63,143 | 85,097 | 32,775 | 40,818 |\n| At collieries | 165,310 | 238,119 | 267,997 | 306,746 |\n| For offices | 41,926 | 40,896 | 2,104 | 47,742 |\n| Other | | 1,725 | 5,138 | 56,484 |\n| **Total** | **614,194** | **865,826** | **1,187,716** | **1,218,294** |\n\n### Annex No. 4\n#### TABLE showing Exports of Fushun Coal for the Years 1917-20\n| Year | Tons |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1917 | 757,187 |\n| 1918 | 797,570 |\n| 1919 | 554,001 |\n| 1920 | 745,954 |\n\n#### TABLE showing Output of Fushun Collieries for the Years 1907-20\n| Year | Tons | Destination | Tons |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1907 | 233,325 | Toba | |\n| | | Penang | 6,402 |\n| | | Singapore | 19,949 |\n| | | Manila | 13,299 |\n| 1908 | 490,720 | Banten | 10,448 |\n| 1909 | 706,042 | Hong Kong | 34,945 |\n| | | | 45,349 |\n| 1910 | 898,482 | Shanghai | 44,643 |\n| | | | 19,084 |\n| | | | 10,694 |\n| | | Pingtao | 18,567 |\n| | | | 17,286 |\n| | | | 14,487 |\n| 1911 | 1,343,198 | Chefoo | 2,663 |\n| | | | 410 |\n| | | | 28,112 |\n| 1912 | 1,470,150 | Sangkow | 20,727 |\n| | | | 21,417 |\n| | | | 6,200 |\n| 1913 | 2,185,453 | Borea | 15,841 |\n| | | | 3,030 |\n| | | | 156 |\n| 1914 | 2,147,432 | Formosa | 344,139 |\n| | | | 397,955 |\n| | | Taral | 358,710 |\n| 1915 | 2,169,245 | | 521,920 |\n| 1916 | 2,050,759 | | 182,884 |\n| | | Batavia | 159,296 |\n| | | Sourabaya | 114,489 |\n| 1917 | 2,280,938 | | 63,849 |\n| | | Other ports | 19,266 |\n| 1918 | 2,521,164 | | 3,715 |\n| 1919 | 2,928,186 | | 28,080 |\n| 1920 | 3,129,835 | | 13,893 |\n| | | | 1,244 |\n| | | | 9,978 |\n\nPage 382", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489893, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 384, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "## Annex No. 5\n### TABLE showing Quantity of Fushun Coal used for Bunkering Vessels during the Years 1917-20.\n\n| DATE | 1917 | 1918 | 1919 | 1920 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Dairen | 140,726 | 111,829 | 64,058 | 214,001 |\n| Yingkow | 15,524 | 18,140 | 13,992 | 20,202 |\n| Port Arthur, | 2,209 | 1,780 | 291 | 261 |\n| Antung | 2,690 | 4,764 | 5,884 | 5,769 |\n| Total.. | 161,149 | 135,963 | 83,725 | 240,236 |\n\n### CIRCULATION :—\n**SUBJECT** \nHCNG KONG \n23 Sept \n26 SEP 21 \n47826 \n383 \n\n**MINUTES** \nMr. ... \nSir H. Lambert \nSir H. Read \nSir G. Fildes \nMr. Wood \nMr. Churchill \n\nPrevious Paper \n`bauten - Howloon Railway` \nAttitude of `bouton` military force \nI copy desk. from `lekung` respy possibility \ncontrol of Canton military Bet \nPesaming \nthe Couton. Aviotion railway. Propose to approve of dis`ll` Aletous action in the water.\n\n4Och. \nSubsequent Paper \n`(176838)` Wt. 38238/11 Gp. 183 10000 3-21 \n`(77306)` \n`4710/19` \n10000 5.21 \n\nW & S Ltd. \nIf Jamaica's proposals are sufficiently 'massmary' \nby In B. Alison. This is the only military party to which \nHK is being irritated. \nI Concur in Fio's proposed reply \nful \nExcept List & each \nKim \nand why corn! for 22 conf \n`127/5/4` Al@ \n27.9 \n25.9.21", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489905, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 396, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "# CHINA\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n### [F 2770/3/10]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[July 28.]\n\n#### SECTION 6.\n\n**(No. 331.) My Lord.**\n\nSir B. Alston to Earl Curzon.—(Received July 23.)\n\n**[WITH MAP.]**\n\nPeking, June 17, 1921.\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 264 of the 18th ultimo, I have the honour to enclose copies of two despatches from His Majesty's consul-general at Mukden, transmitting reports from Mr. Cunningham on the subject of his tour in Chientao.\n\n(Copy to Tokyo.)\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**BALSTON.**\n\n### Enclosure I in No. 1.\n\nConsul-General Wilkinson to Sir B. Alston.\n\n**(No. 36.) Sir,**\n\nMukden, June 8, 1921.\n\nI HAVE the honour to enclose a copy of a report on the situation in the Chientao and Hunchun districts addressed to me by Mr. W. B. Cunningham, who returned from the tour which he was instructed to make in those localities on the evening of the 6th instant. Owing to the state of the roads between Hunchun and Ninguta, Mr. Cunningham was unable to make the return journey, as I had suggested to him that route, but came back as he went, viâ Korea. He is preparing a separate report on his itinerary, which he proposes to forward to me from Dairen, to which place he returned last night.\n\nMr. Cunningham found both the Chientao and Hunchun districts in a peaceful condition. The Japanese troops had been completely withdrawn and their place taken by some 350 police, who had been scattered over the two localities, and ten Japanese army officers who were apparently acting as liaison officers at the open marts.\n\nWith regard to the particular points on which Mr. Cunningham was instructed to report, he has arrived at the following conclusions:\n\n| Point | Conclusion |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1. Lives and property of British missionaries | The lives and property of the British missionaries in Chientao are in no danger, and therefore no special measures are necessary for their protection. The friction between them and the local Japanese officials was largely due to mutual misunderstanding, the rough and ready ways of the Canadians evidently offending the susceptibilities of the Japanese, while the friendly advances of the latter were obviously mistrusted and regarded as insincere by the missionaries. |\n| 2. Korean Christians | The Korean Christians are undoubtedly suspect as such to the Japanese authorities, and there were instances during the outrages of October last in which Christians were deliberately singled out for persecution. On the other hand, it would seem that the Japanese are not actuated by anti-Christian sentiments so much as by the conviction that the native Christians as a body are supporters of the independence movement. For this belief there is this much justification, that, owing to the superior education and wider outlook of many of them, native Christians as a rule show a greater interest in politics and are more patriotic than the average Korean, though a comparatively small proportion of them are active partisans in the independence movement. |\n| 3. Interference with missionaries' work | At the present time there is no direct interference on the part of the Japanese with the work carried on by the missionaries, but the native Christians have been so terrorised by the events of last October and by the petty persecution to which they are apparently still being subjected by the Japanese police that they are keeping aloof from the mission. The new sect founded by the Japanese in Opposition to Christianity had lost favour with the Koreans now that there was no longer the incentive of fear to join it. |\n\nThe charges made by Major Mizumachi against the missionaries are absolutely without foundation.\n\n[6014 ce-6] \nPage 395", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 490172, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 663, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "# The Government, acting through The Oriental Development Company or the South Manchuria Railway gives support to the majority of the Japanese industrial and agricultural enterprises in the Liaotung leased territory and in Manchuria. In those parts big firms, wielding enormous influence, have the bulk of the trade of the country in their own hands. According to the view of our Consular Representative at Dairen the Japanese cannot hold their own with the Chinese in agricultural enterprise but can do so in industrial and commercial undertakings.\n\nI am told that Japanese have shown themselves good workers in Hawaii in growing even tropical products like pineapples and sugar. Koreans are found to be the most satisfactory workers in the Siberian maritime provinces and 200,000 of them are permanently located there. Japanese and Chinese, on the other hand, constitute a skipping population inasmuch as they only remain in Siberia during the summer.\n\nAgriculture has made little appeal to the Japanese but they have attained success as retailers and in mining, non-metal commerce, fishing, and fish canning they have also done well. It is probable that if Siberian maritime provinces were under Japanese administration, the Russian settlers would be forced to depart owing to their inability to make a livelihood. If, however, there were a Russian administration in these provinces, Japanese competition would only be allowed within the limits prescribed by the Russians themselves. Formerly the Russian Government used to aim at driving out Chinese labour by enacting that only Russians should be employed on certain classes of work.\n\nGenerally", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 490226, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 717, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "# \nThe total trade of Hong Kong for 1919 amounted to about £171,793,000: of this total, £7,822,000 only was trade with the United Kingdom. The total shipping entering and clearing the port during 1919 reached 649,168 vessels of 35,615,169 aggregate tons. As to the nationality of the ships, nearly 4,000 British ocean-going vessels came and went, compared with a total of 5,274 foreign ships of the same type. The percentage of total tonnage (ocean and coasting steamers) passing through Hong Kong Harbour in 1913 and 1918 was— \n\n| Nationality | 1913 | 1918 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| British | 47.72 | 37.50 |\n| Japanese | 21.59 | 35.41 |\n| American | 3.06 | 3.75 |\n| German | 12.50 | ... |\n| Dutch | 6.87 | 3.75 |\n| French | 1.70 | 1.70 |\n| Chinese | 3.12 | 3.06 |\n| Others | 8.75 | ... |\n\nAppendix I gives a list of the principal British industrial concerns in Hong Kong, and Appendix II the principal general merchants.\n\n## II.—Leases.\n\nThe Kowloon Extension (area 356 square miles, leased for ninety-nine years by the Convention of the 9th June, 1898). The population is 93,400, exclusively Chinese. This territory was acquired for strategic reasons for the defences of Hong Kong.\n\nWei-hai-Wei, in Shantung, includes the island of Liu-Kung and a belt of land 10 miles wide along the coast line of the bay (area 285 square miles, leased for so long a period as Port Arthur shall remain in the occupation of Russia, by the Convention of the 1st July, 1898). The population was 147,000 in 1911. Wei-hai-Wei has never been developed either as a naval station, for which purpose it was acquired, or as a commercial port.\n\n## III.—Concessions (Residential).\n\nConcessions under perpetual lease are held by Great Britain at Tientsin, Hankow, Canton, Amoy, Chinkiang, Kiukiang, and Newchwang (three-quarters of this has been washed away by the river). The total area, excluding Newchwang and the extensions at Hankow (74 acres) and Tientsin (1,059 acres), is approximately 233 acres.\n\nThe present total value of the concession lots and buildings is estimated to exceed £2,500,000.\n\n## IV. Settlements.\n\nThe distinction between concessions and settlements is thus defined. The leasing of a concession is made from Government to Government under consideration of a nominal ground rent. In the case of settlements, foreigners rent their land within a prescribed area (1) in perpetuity, or (2) at an expropriation price and for a term of years, generally thirty, renewable at option.\n\nThe principal settlement in China is the International Settlement of Shanghai. This is administered by a municipal council, elected annually by foreign land-renters and ratepayers, and consisting of not more than nine and not less than five persons. Of these, the majority is always British, thus indicating the importance of Great Britain's holding in this miniature but valuable republic.\n\nThe foreign population of this international settlement in 1920 was 23,307. Of these, 10,215 were Japanese, 5,341 British, 2,264 Americans, 1,301 Portuguese, 1,266 Russians.\n\nGeneral foreign settlements also exist at Woosung, Amoy (island of Kulangsu), Changsha, Wuhu, Nanking, Hangchow, and Soochow.\n\n## V—Spheres of Influence.\n\nGreat Britain's claim to a sphere of influence in the Yangtsze valley is based on the Chinese Declaration of 1898, given in return for one of the Japanese war indemnity loans, that any territory in the Yangtsze valley would never be alienated to another Power. This was confirmed by our agreement with Russia of the 28th April, 1899, in which Russia recognised our sphere. That His Majesty's Government has construed the Chinese declaration to connote priority for British claims for railway construction and industrial enterprises, may at first sight appear presumptuous, but as Sir J. Jordan wrote in his despatch No. 257 of the 2nd July, 1914, \"Britain is the only Great Power to-day in China who has not converted any of her railway concessions into national undertakings, but has invariably maintained them as Chinese enterprises. All the other Powers—Russia, Japan, France, and Germany—chose for the most part to make their railways national undertakings and fix their own tariffs. We alone made ours Chinese State railways and left the control in the hands of the Chinese. We could not, therefore, afford to let Japan or any other Power build railways in the Yangtsze valley and utilise them, in the approved fashion of Korea and Manchuria, for the purpose of undermining our immense trade interests in the Yangtsze valley.\n\nExcept in this preventive sense, it is hard to interpret the meaning of our sphere of influence in the Yangtsze valley, which certainly never tried to aim at any form of national or territorial differentiation. We have financed and constructed for the Chinese Government over 800 miles of railway in the Yangtsze valley, and we hold loan agreements for some 2,000 more (see `Appendix IV`).\n\nThe area of the Yangtsze sphere has been defined in answer to a parliamentary question (the 23rd February, 1899) as follows: \"The valley or basin of the Yangtsze presumably includes, according to the ordinary meaning, the provinces of which the streams run into that river.\"\n\n## VI. Diplomatic, Consular, and Military; Post Offices.\n\nBesides the Legation at Peking, His Majesty's Government has consuls-general at Shanghai, Canton, Tientsin, Hankow, Yunnan-fu, and Kashgar; consuls at Amoy, Changsha, Chefoo, Chengtu, Chinkiang, Dairen, Foochow, Hanchow, Harbin, Ichang, Kiukiang, Kiungchow (and Pakhoi), Mukden, Nanking, Newchwang, Swatow, Tengyueh, Tsinan, Wuchow, and Wuhu; and vice-consuls at Chungking, Ningpo, and Tsingtao.\n\nThe number of British troops in China in 1920 were:- \n\n| Location | Officers | Other Ranks |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| North China | 6 | 150 |\n| South China | 91 | 974 |\n\n(This includes the Hong Kong garrison, and excludes Indian native troops.)\n\nGreat Britain has post offices in the following places: Amoy, Canton, Chefoo, Foochow, Hankow, Hoihow, Ningpo, Shanghai, Swatow, Tientsin, and Wei-hai-Wei; in Tibet, at Gyantse, Phagri, and Yatung; in Kashgaria, at Kashgar.\n\n## VII. Population (Foreign).\n\n| Nationality | 1903 | 1913 | 1919 | 1920 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| British | 5,662 | 8,966 | 18,284 | 11,082 |\n| American | 2,542 | 5,340 | 6,660 | 7,269 |\n| French | 1,213 | 2,292 | 4,400 | 2,753 |\n| Portuguese | 1,930 | 3,486 | 2,890 | 2,282 |\n| German | 1,658 | 2,949 | 1,385 | 1,013 |\n| Russian | 361 | 56,765 | 148,170 | 144,413 |\n| Others | 5,287 | 80,219 | 171,485 | 158,918 |\n| Japanese | ... | ... | ... | ... |\n\n## VIII. Shipping.\n\nDuring 1920, out of a total tonnage of 104,266,695 tons of shipping entering and clearing from Chinese ports, 40,315,707 tons were British. The tables given in `Appendices V` and `VI` show that even during the worst years of the war, the preponderance of British shipping in the Chinese ports was well maintained. Japanese shipping has not increased so much as might have been expected, and American competition, though it has greatly increased, especially since 1918, is still a long way behind.\n\nThe names of the principal shipping firms, British and foreign, are given in `Appendix VII`. Of these, eleven are British, six American, and five Japanese.\n\n## IX. Banking and Insurance.\n\nThe senior British bank in China is the Chartered Bank of India, Australia, and China; but so far as China is concerned, it has been outdistanced by its rival... \n\nPage 2\nPage 46\nPage 3 \n[7320 GG] \nB 2 \n715", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 490227, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 718, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "## The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, which is one of the most powerful banking institutions in the world. This bank, besides its immense business in exchange and in financing trade, has been connected with almost all the principal Government and railway loans in China. It is associated with Messrs. Jardine, Matheson and Co. in the British and Chinese Corporation for railway construction, and it is the leading bank in the British loan consortium group. In 1919 this bank distributed net profits to the amount of $10,000,000, or nearly £2,000,000 at the rate then current. The Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank and the Chartered Bank issue a currency of bank notes. The Mercantile Bank of India has branches at Hong Kong and Shanghai (see also Appendix VIII).\n\nBritish insurance companies are well represented by branches and agencies in the China ports; and the following British firms have developed out of our trade with China—Union Insurance Society of Canton (Limited), North China Insurance Company, Yangtsze Insurance Association (Limited), China Mutual Life Insurance Company, Canton Insurance Office (Limited), China Fire Insurance Company (Limited).\n\n## X.—Boxer Indemnity\n\nOut of an original total of £67,500,000, Great Britain's share was £7,593,081. Including interest, the balance due to Great Britain in May 1921 £9,740,600 9s. 2d. Payment should be completed in 1945.\n\n## XI.—Loans\n\nReference to Appendix IX will show that Great Britain is interested solely or jointly in about £21,956,500 of China's war indemnity debt, in about £30,185,000 of the railway debt and in about £32,858,336 of the general debt. These sums cover a large proportion (between one-half and three-quarters) of the total foreign indebtedness of China.\n\n## XII.—Railways\n\nThe China Annual Report of 1919 states: \"Our position in the railway question is a very strong one.\" Appendix IV shows that out of 6,835 miles of railway operating in China, Great Britain has financed and constructed 825 miles; and is financially interested in 1,958 miles more. Furthermore, we hold concessions or are in course of negotiations for a further 2,500 miles. The report quoted above states:-\n\n\"If the London market is not disposed to make an effort to finance these projects a solution will have to be found, and found soon, by putting into practice the much-talked-of principle of Anglo-American co-operation. The British and American policy in China is one and the same, and though our manufacturers of railway material will be the losers in a field which was practically their own under our loan agreements, it is not reasonable (nor ultimately sound from the point of view of British interests) that a bankrupt Europe should retard the development of China when American capital could be obtained. China has suffered enough in the past from the political manoeuvres of the Powers, and so, incidentally, has British trade.\n\nUnless the consortium can come into action quickly, it would be better to abandon its concerted aims, and to allow our financial interests to make a completely new start with the Americans alone. Even the addition of the French would prove a complication. Not more than two or three Powers can profitably be associated in railway construction in China. A larger number results in much interesting discussion in London or Paris and an immense telegraphic correspondence, but seldom or never in any advance of railway construction. British trade requires at least 20,000 miles of railway within the next few years and is not disposed to wait indefinitely for the formation of an unwieldy and probably unworkable consortium to obtain its object.\"\n\n## XIII.—Industrial Concerns\n\nAppendix I gives a list of British industrial concerns in Hong Kong and China, of which twenty-eight are in Hong Kong, thirty-seven in Shanghai, twenty-five in Tientsin, ten in Hankow, and twenty-three in other cities. The dockyards, sugar refineries, cement works, rope works and works of public utility (gas, electricity, light, tramways, waterworks, &c.) at Hong Kong are a valuable asset to the British position in China, and a model for the Chinese to emulate. So are the cotton mills in Shanghai, of which British interests control five and Japanese five. As is only right and natural, our principal competitors in the development of China's industries will be the Chinese themselves. They already own thirty-five cotton mills in China, and have seventeen new mills in course of erection. Rice mills, bean mills, flour mills and silk factories are almost all in Chinese hands. The principal iron foundries are either Japanese-owned (as Penhsifu and Anshantien in Manchuria) or Japanese-controlled (as the Hanyehping Works at Hankow). British companies own two important shipbuilding works in Shanghai; and British industrial enterprise in China should be capable of expansion, especially in the direction of joint Sino-British enterprises.\n\n## XIV.—Wireless\n\nThe British Marconi Company last year signed a series of three agreements with the Chinese Government: (1) to supply the Chinese War Office with wireless telephones for ten years; (2) to erect a chain of wireless stations between Peking and Kashgar, with a loan of £600,000; (3) to form a **Sino-British National Wireless Telegraph Company** for a factory for wireless apparatus, with exclusive rights for twenty years.\n\n## XV.—Aviation\n\nSix large passenger-carrying machines and two avros have been purchased by the Chinese Government from the Handley Page Company, and a contract has been signed with Messrs. Vickers for the supply of one hundred Vickers-Vimy aeroplanes (with a loan of £1,800,000). A British Royal Air Force officer has been engaged as aviation adviser to the Chinese Government.\n\n## XVI.—Cables\n\nThe Eastern Extension, Australasia and China Telegraph Company (British) is one of the principal cable companies operating in China. Its rival and associate is the Great Northern Telegraph Company (Danish), with which it shares a special concession from the Chinese Government; and the line of the Commercial Pacific Company (American) touches China at Shanghai. There is a Dutch-German cable from Shanghai to Yap (`Deutsch-Nederlandisch-Telegraphen Gesellschaft`), whose future has not yet been disposed of. The chief line to Japan (Shanghai-Nagasaki) is controlled by the Danish Company, but the Japanese Government have the right to lay another line of their own. The Japanese own a cable between Sasebo (Japan) and Dairen, and between Dairen and Chefoo. The German cables, Tsingtao to Chefoo and Tsingtao to Shanghai, were transferred to Japan by the Treaty of Versailles, Article 156.\n\n## XVII.—Mining\n\n| Firm | Location | Tons |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Kailan Mining Administration | Chibli | 4,100,000 |\n| Peking Syndicate | Honan | 600,000 |\n| Total | | 4,700,000 |\n\nThe other principal modern coal mines are the Japanese-owned or Japanese-controlled mines in Manchuria, Shantung and Kiangsi, which in 1920 produced 4,060,000 tons. The Kailan Administration has concluded an agreement for exploitation of the Tatung coalfields in North Shansi; and is negotiating for an iron concession in the Yangtsze Valley. The principal iron mines (Manchuria and the Hanyehping deposits) are controlled by the Japanese. British and American companies are negotiating for gold concessions (co-operative), and an American company has concluded a preliminary agreement for the exploitation of mineral resources in Yunnan.\n\nThis right is being contested by the United States Government on the ground that it constitutes a monopoly, and conflicts with the doctrine of the Open Door.\n\nPage 716", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 490230, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 721, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "# Japan: Financial Influence\n\nUntil the outbreak of the European War, the principal source of foreign loans to China has been the Yokohama Specie Bank. But during the great loan period 1917-18, it was the Bank of Chosen (Korea), in conjunction with the Industrial Bank and the Bank of Taiwan (Formosa), which found the funds (see Appendices VIII and IX). Since 1918 Japan has stopped her independent loan policy towards China.\n\n## Japan: Trade\n\nHelped by many advantages, natural and artificial, the percentage of Japan's share in the China trade shows—until 1919—a remarkable upward curve:\n\n| Percentage | 1896 | 1903 | 1913 | 1914 | 1915 | 1916 | 1917 | 1918 | 1919 | 1920 |\n|------------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|\n| | | | | | 19.7 | 21.1 | 28.4 | 28.3 | 40.9 | 33.4 |\n| | | | | | | | 37.1 | 31.0 | | |\n\n* Japanese trade with China in 1920 amounted to 239,440,000 taels imports into China, and 160,260,000 taels exports: total, 404,700,000 taels. Of this total, 160,880,000 taels, or 39.7 per cent., was trade with South Manchuria. The total foreign trade figures for South Manchuria and the Japanese-Manchuria trade figures for 1920 were as follows:\n\n| | Total Foreign Trade | Including Trade with Japan |\n|------------|----------------------|-----------------------------|\n| Imports | 122,254,000 taels | 43,800,000 taels |\n| Exports | 131,371,000 taels | 77,490,000 taels |\n| Total | 253,625,000 taels | 160,880,000 taels |\n| | (or 63.4 per cent.) | (or 63.4 per cent.) |\n\nThe principal import into South Manchuria is cotton piece goods, and the principal exports are beans and bean products. Practically all transport and banking facilities in South Manchuria are in Japanese hands.\n\nAs compared with the rest of China, it should be observed that in 1920 each inhabitant of South Manchuria spent on the average 8 taels on the purchase of foreign goods and sold produce to foreign countries to the value of 8.75 taels, whereas in the rest of China only 1.70 taels per head was spent on foreign goods purchased, and only 1.10 taels per head was sold to foreign countries.\n\nThe comparative value of Japan's special sphere of influence becomes apparent.\n\nJapanese shipping in the Chinese carrying-trade shows the following increase in percentage of the total tonnage:\n\n| Percentage | 1903 | 1913 | 1914 | 1915 | 1916 | 1917 | 1918 | 1919 | 1920 |\n|------------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|\n| | 12.2 | 25.1 | 24.5 | 26.3 | 27.5 | 28.2 | 31.2 | 28.4 | 27.0 |\n\nIn 1919 the whole of the iron ore exported from China went to Japan, and most of the output of pig-iron. The only important iron and steel works in China, the Hanyang works at Hankow and those near Dairen in South Manchuria, are under Japanese control. Coal exported from China during 1920 almost all went to Japan; and of a total production of 12,700,000 tons in 1920, the Manchurian mines under Japanese management were responsible for 3,460,000 tons, and Japanese mines in Shantung for 600,000 tons. Important coal and iron concessions in nine places in Manchuria were secured under the `1915` treaty with China.\n\nOf Chinese exports, next to silk, the most valuable are beancake and raw cotton: both of these are almost entirely taken up by Japan. Japan also took in `1919` about one-third of the export of flour and one-half of the export of wheat. Japan has, therefore, become the principal purchaser of Chinese produce.\n\nThe principal imports into China are cotton goods and cotton yarns. Of yarns, Japan provided over a third in `1919`. The exact import of Japanese cotton goods into China is difficult to estimate, but out of a total cotton import (including yarns) of 210,000,000 taels during `1919`, the Japanese share cannot be less than one-third. Japan in `1919` was the principal provider of foreign imports.\n\nThe boycott of `1919`, according to the figures given by the Imperial Maritime Customs, did not have nearly so serious an effect on Japanese trade as had been expected. China is too dependent on Japan to boycott her goods effectively: and too many Chinese ports are in Japanese hands. Appendix XV shows the steady increase of the trade of those ports which chiefly handle Japanese goods, viz. Dairen, Antung and Kiaochow (Tsingtao).\n\n† During `1920`, owing to the slump, Japanese trade received a set-back, greater perhaps in proportion to that suffered by British trade; but Japanese preponderance must still be considerable.\n\n## Japan: Railways\n\nThe railways in Japanese control are principally to be found in the \"special spheres\" of South Manchuria and Shantung. In South Manchuria Japan has some 850 miles in operation, some 580 miles under construction, and some 900 miles projected under concession. In Shantung Japan has the Tsingtao-Tsinan railway (310 miles), with concessions for 430 miles more. The Japanese also have a financial hold over the Kinkiang-Nanchang railway (86 miles) in the Yangtsze valley, with a promise of the support of Great Britain in obtaining a continuation of the line to Foochow; and a Japanese loan has been advanced to the Peking Suiyuan railway (266 miles), which for many years had been China's pride as her one purely national railway.\n\n## Japan: Propaganda\n\nIn the Twenty-one Demands, an attempt was made to secure for Japanese Buddhist missionaries a footing in China like that allowed to Christian missions; this demand, however, was shelved. Mr. Carl Crow's Memorandum (see Confidential Print `151232` of the 12th November, `1919`) shows how persistent and widespread is Japanese newspaper propaganda in China. These Japanese-controlled newspapers have at times been vituperously anti-British. A Japanese propaganda society runs a school at Shanghai with branches at Hankow and Tientsin for teaching Chinese language and customs to Japanese, and for teaching Japanese to Chinese students. Another propaganda society runs a number of Japanese hospitals in China. There are at present about 3,000 Chinese students in Japan.\n\n## Japan: Industries—Manchuria\n\nJapan's industrial interests in China are centred chiefly at Dairen, Mukden, Tsingtao and Shanghai. At Dairen there is the Kawasaki dockyard and four iron-works, six bean-oil and cake mills, factories for sulphuric acid and dye stuffs, seven brick works, one cement works, one rice mill, one bone-dust mill, three soap (bean-oil) works, two salt works, one tile factory, one ice factory, one cold storage works, &c., all in Japanese hands. At Mukden there are two woollen-yarn and weaving mills, oil mills, saw mills and rice mills, a sugar refinery, chemical works, glass factories, match factories and candle factories, under Japanese or under joint Sino-Japanese control. There are two tobacco factories of the To-A Tobacco Company at Mukden and at Newchwang. At Harbin, in the Russian sphere of North Manchuria, there is at least one Japanese flour mill, and the Japanese Government have installed a commercial museum as general headquarters for their commercial offensive. There are electric light works, Japanese and Sino-Japanese, throughout South Manchuria, which is certainly the province of China best equipped with modern conveniences. There is the important Penhsifu coalfield and ironworks, a Sino-Japanese concern but managed by Okura and Co., and there are the numerous undertakings of the South Manchurian Railway, which include the Fushun and Yentai coal mines, the Anshantien iron mines and foundry, harbour, gas, electricity works, glass works, tile factory, hotels, schools, hospitals, &c. Important companies have been recently floated in Japan (1) to develop cattle-raising in Manchuria and Mongolia, (2) for rice cultivation in Manchuria. A Japanese authority values Japanese interests in South Manchuria at £30,000,000.\n\n## Japan: Industries—Shantung\n\nAt Tsingtao the Japanese have taken over from the Germans their brewery, railway repair shop, shipyard, cotton-spinning mill, silk filature, flour mill, and salt works (this salt industry is expanding rapidly, and the Japanese set great store by it). They also have two match factories, tanneries, four oil refineries, two albumen factories, two canneries, an ice factory, a glass factory, a lumber mill, brick and tile factories, a cement and coke works, a glycerine factory, two soap factories, a rice mill and smelting works. According to the United States of America Commercial Handbook, `1919`, Japanese capitalists seem to be inaugurating a vigorous development of the manufacturing possibilities in Tsingtao, chiefly along the lines indicated above, raw materials for such enterprises being obtainable both cheaply and abundantly in the hinterland of the leased territory. No less than five new cotton-spinning mills, with 155,000 spindles, have been projected by Japanese companies. In the whole of China, Japanese are credited with having in operation at the present time sixteen cotton mills with 469,000 spindles.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 490244, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 735, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "# Foochow, Fukien: \n38 \nAnglo-Chinese College: Boys, 484. \nFoochow College; Boys, 410. \nFoochow Union College; Boys, 57 (contains British tutors). \nWomen's College of South China; Women, 120. \nY.M.C.A. College: Boys, 180. \n\nKaifeng, Honan: Baptist College; Boys, 56. \n\nChangsha, Hunan: \nHunan-Yale College of Medicine; Men, 50. \nYale College in China; Boys, 180. \n\nKiukiang, Kiangsi: William Nast College; Boys, 279. \n\nNanying, Kiangsu: Ginling College; Women, 18. \n\nShanghai: Baptist College. Men, 184, \nSoochow Women's Medical College; Women, 14. \n\nCanton, Kwantung: \nCanton Christian College, Boys, 386; Girls, 26. \nHackett Medical College for Women, 50. \nHenry V. Noyes Memorial College: Boys, 200. \n\n## NOTE\nThe following Government colleges have a large percentage of Americans as teachers:-\n \nTsing Hua College, Peking (supported from American indemnity return). \nPeiyang University, Tientsin. \nGovernment Institute of Technology, Shanghai. \n\nAmerican Indemnity: Sum equal to $10,765,886 was returned to the Chinese Government by the United States Government, and this money is used to educate students first in the Tsing Hua College and afterwards in America.\n\n1921 \n\n## FROM \n名 \nFOR CIRCULATION: \n- Mr. Frebatt \n- Mr. Jeton \n- Mr. Brak \n- Mr. Grindle \n- Sir H. Lambert \n- Sir H. Read \n- Sirð: Maštéton Smith \n- Mr. Wood \n- Mr. Churchill \n\n## Previous Paper \nGov HONG KONG RF 733 C.O. 60418 DATE 5 Dec. SUBJECT ¡REG: 6 DEC 21 \nAcquisition of property rights by Sermane. A copy aste from Jerman Auth. exsuring whether there are any realtichoi, on Requests obrus.\n\n## MINUTES \n### APPENDIX XV \n#### Falue of the Direct Foreign Trade of the Ten Largest Treaty Ports \n\n| Port | 1913 (In Million Taels) | 1915 (In Million Taels) | 1917 (In Million Taels) | 1919 (In Million Taels) |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Shanghai | 421.31 | 399.65 | 407.44 | 521.43 |\n| Canton | 87.73 | 68.16 | 109.85 | 198.09 |\n| Tien-tsin | 59.49 | 60.48 | 77.86 | 95.80 |\n| Dairen | - | 58.75 | 70.88 | 94.41 |\n| Hankow | 50.97 | 44.21 | 51.42 | 49.52 |\n| Kowloon | - | 43.52 | 44.05 | 51.95 |\n| Antung | - | 52.52 | 37.77 | 30.11 |\n| Harbin | 38.64 | 33.34 | 39.55 | 23.32 |\n| Kiaochow | - | 28.42 | 43.00 | 17.00 |\n| Swatow | 28.39 | 27.65 | 34.72 | 26.51 |\n| Macao (Lappa) | 19.71 | - | 23.41 | - |\n\nThe italics are those parts which lie in Japanese spheres. \n\nDuring 1918 Japan had (according to the U.S.A. Commercial Handbook) 72 per cent. of the trade of Dairen, 97 per cent. of the trade of Antung, 83 per cent. of the trade of Kiaochow, 33 per cent. of the trade of Shanghai.\n\n15428 attach Captain graces wtU th Ansd 29.12.21 To. 70, ence copiis of #kj Ordes Not Jahia, of 1919 14/1/2/26/ and 4,50 1930. ma Subsequent Paper 40 17841/2/20 offer of restricting the rights pareng abens F Orda la Hory Kong. Memporawly. Also inch people to hid Femitting 9 samefer projenty within the Colony. I think might end Nos 1, 2, 12 & 1919 4 [pent Flom sealse 1920. F.o. { for hausiusion to the theme. 6:3426 Aft Aliens & Passports Orá? . Aittaus bearing A The drik fil. 8301 the point. are might mist muition of it) Hack has not become laws geh (x) (377309) Wt. 4710/13 Gp. 183 40000 5-21 W&S Lad я болести висота frotoled to introduce 154 28", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 492131, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-475 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1922 [5-7]", "page_number": 61, "title": "CO129-475 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1922 [5-7]", "content_text": "THE HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS.\n\nWHERE TO STAY WHEN VISITING HOME.\n\n[March 25th., 1922.\n\nBASIL STREET HOTEL.\n\nKNIGHTSBRIDGE, LONDON, S.W. 3.\n\nRun by the owner, has the best situation, and is First Class one minute's walk from HARRODS, THE PARK, and SLOANE STREET, 100 Bed rooms with Hot and Cold water, ample Bathrooms, pleasing Restaurant and Lounges, Luggage stored for any period, also room for sorting and packing. \"En Pension\" terms from 22/6, Double rooms without food from £3-, Single from 11/6, Baths included. Excellent Cuisine.\n\nKNIGHTSBRIDGE STATION is in the building from which any part of London is reached in a few minutes.\n\nTelegrams: \"SPOTLESS,\" LONDON.\n\nNOW IN PREPARATION\n\nTHE CHRONICLE AND DIRECTORY OF\n\nTHE FAR EAST\n\n1922\n\nThe book is printed from New Type specially reserved for the purpose and uniformity in every arrangement greatly facilitates reference.\n\nBesides the usual Alphabetical List of firms of TRADES and PROFESSIONS at the larger Commercial Centres.\n\nThe Sixtieth Annual Issue.\n\nThe CHRONICLE and DIRECTORY gives the CLASSIFIED LISTS of CHINA, JAPAN, COREA, INDO-CHINA, SIAM, STRAITS SETTLEMENTS, MALAY STATES, NETHERLANDS INDIA, PHILIPPINES, BORNEO, &c.\n\nThe Directories and Descriptions are of :-\n\nCHINA - Weihaiwei, Peking, Tientsin, Lungchingchun, Changsha, Tsinanfu, Taku, Tsingtau, Peitaiho, Shanghai, Chinwangtao, Soochow, Newchwang, Chinkiang, Manchurian Trade Centres, Nanking, Wuhu, Kiukiang, Harbin, Hankow, Changchun, Yochow, Kirin, Shasi, Hunchun, Ichang, Antung, Chungking, Port Arthur, Dairen, Ningpo, Chefoo, Wênchow, Lungkow, Santuao\n\nJAPAN AND FORMOSA - Tokyo, Yokohama, Hyogo, Kobe, Shimonoseki, Osaka, Moji, Nagasaki, Keelung, Tainanfu, Takow, Hakodate, Anping\n\nEASTERN SIBERIA - Vladivostock\n\nCOREA - Seoul, Won-san, Chemulpo, Fusan, Kun-san, Pingyang, Nicolajevsk, Motpo, Chinnampo, Songchin\n\nFRENCH INDO-CHINA - Hanoi, Haiphong, Annam, Hue, Tonkin Provinces, Quinhon, Tourane, Saigon, Cambodge\n\nPHILIPPINES - Manila, Iloilo, Cebu, Zamboanga\n\nBORNEO - Sarawak, Labuan, Brunei, British N. Borneo\n\nMALAY STATES - Bangkok\n\nThe ALPHABETICAL LIST of RESIDENTS in the Far East contains the names of over 20,000 FOREIGNERS, arranged, with the Initials as well as the Surnames, in strictly Alphabetical Order so that any name can be found instantly.\n\nThe CHRONICLE covers the notable events together with the Texts of all the most important Treaties concluded with the Countries of Eastern Asia, the various Customs Tariffs, Trade Regulations, Chambers of Commerce, Scales of Commissions, Signal Codes, Tables of Money, Weights and Measures, and other Commercial Information.\n\nThe CHRONICLE and DIRECTORY, though condensed in every possible manner, contains every year more pages and now numbers nearly 2,000.\n\nIt is published at the Office of the HONG-KONG DAILY PRESS, LTD., and can be had from and Advertisements sent through the principal Booksellers in Asia and through LONDON - Mr. J. H. G. Murrow, 131, Fleet Street, E.C. 4; Mr. F. Algar, 58, Gracechurch St., E.C. 3; Messrs. G. Street & Co., Ld., 30, Cornhill, E.C.\n\nLONDON ............................ PARIS ...... Messrs. G. E. Puel de Lobel & Cie., 53, Rue Lafayette\n\nCAPE TOWN .....Messrs. Gordon & Gotch, Ld.\n\nSYDNEY ............Messrs. Gordon & Gotch, Ld.\n\nMELBOURNE ................... Messrs. Gordon & Gotch, Ld.\n\nBRISBANE ........................... Messrs. Gordon & Gotch, Ld.\n\nCALCUTTA Messrs. Thacker, Spink & Co.\n\n\"Times of India\" Office\n\nBOMBAY............................ Messrs. Thacker, Spink & Co.\n\nSINGAPORE ......Messrs. Kelly & Walsh, Ld.\n\nFEDERATED MALAY STATES... Kelly & Walsh, Ld., Singapore\n\nBORNEO............ Mr. F. W. Pinnock, Sandakan\n\nBANGKOK .“Bangkok Times\" Office\n\nDAIREN...Mr. F. J. Bardens\n\nTSINGTAU.........Messrs. Cornabe, Eckford & Co.\n\nFORMOSA Mr. A. W. Gillingham, Taipeh.\n\n\"Seoul Press,” Seoul\n\nNAGASAKI ........................... “Nagasaki Press \" Office\n\nKOBE-OSAKA......\"Japan Chronicle\" Office, Kobe\n\nTOKYO.......... Messrs. Kelly & Walsh, Ltd., Yokohama\n\nYOKOHAMA.........Messrs. Kelly & Walsh, Ltd.\n\nVLADIVOSTOCK...Messrs. Sinkevitch Bros.\n\nThe DIRECTORY covers the whole of the ports and cities of the Far East, from Netherlands India to Siberia, in which Europeans reside.\n\nNot only is the Directory as full and complete in each case as it can be made, but each Colony, Port or Settlement is prefaced by a DESCRIPTION, carefully revised each year, most of which will serve as accurate GUIDES FOR THE TOURIST, giving every detail in connection with the places, their History, Topography, etc.\n\nThe Information in these Descriptions, consisting of a hundred interesting articles packed with facts concisely set out, and containing statistics of the TRADE of each Country and Port, would alone suffice to fill a large volume.\n\nLarge Edition, pp. nearly 2,000, $12.00\n\nAbridged Edition, pp. 1,400, $8.00.\n\nDARLINGTON'S HANDBOOKS\n\n\"Sir Henry Ponsonby is commanded by the Queen to thank Mr. Darlington for a copy of his Handbook.\n\n“Nothing better could be wished for.”—British Weekly.\n\n“Far superior to ordinary guides.”—Daily Chronicle.\n\nVisitors to London should use DARLINGTON'S LONDON.\n\n“A brilliant book.”-The Times.\n\n“Particularly good.”—Academy.\n\nBY E. C. Cook & Enlarged Edition) AND E. T. Cook, M.A.\n\nLONDON AND ENVIRONS.\n\nNORTH WALES.\n\nDEVON AND CORNWALL.\n\n24 Maps and Plans. 60 Illustrations.\n\n60 Illustrations.\n\n10 Maps, 80 Illustrations.\n\nSAIGON ............................ Cie, de Com. et de Nav. d'Extreme Orient.\n\nTONKIN............Cie, de Com. et de Nav. d'Extreme-Orient, Haiphong.\n\nMANILA Philippine Education Co.\n\nMACAO ............Mr. A. A. de Mello\n\nCANTON ......A. S. Watson & Co., Shameen\n\nSWATOW............Jardine, Matheson & Co., Ltd.\n\nAMOY...............Messrs. Douglas, Lapraik & Co\n\nFOOCHOW.......... Messrs. T. Brockett & Co.\n\nSTRAIT SETTLEMENTS - Singapore, Penang, Malacca, Prov. Wellesley\n\nFEDERATED MALAY STATES - Perak, Selangor, Pahang, Negri Sembilan, Johore, Kedah, Kelantan, Trengganu, Perlis\n\nNETHERLANDS INDIA - Batavia, Demarang, Padang, Buitenzorg, Sourabaja, Makasser, East Coast of Sumatra\n\nBRITISH AND AMERICAN NAVAL Squadrons\n\nOFFICERS OF COAST AND RIVER STEAMERS\n\nSHANGHAI................... .Messrs. Kelly & Walsh, Ld.\n\nHANKOW AND OTHER YANGTZE PORTS\n\nPEKING AND TIENTSIN...Tientsin Press, Ltd.\n\nCHIFOO Messrs. Curtis, Bros.\n\nMENGGAME\n\n12 Maps; 58,\n\nVisitors to Brighton, Eastbourne, Hastings, Bournemouth, Wye Valley, Severn Valley, Bath, Weston-super-mare, Malvern, Hereford, Worcester, Gloucester, Llandrindod Wells, Llangollen, Aberystwyth, Towyn, Barmouth, Dolgelly, Harlech, Criccieth, Pwllheli, Llandudno, Rhyl, Bettws-y-coed, Isle of Wight, and Channel Islands should send for DARLINGTON'S HANDBOOKS, 1s. each.\n\nLLANGOLLEN: DARLINGTON & Co.\n\nLONDON: SIMPKIN & Co.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-475 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1922 [5-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 492966, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]", "page_number": 319, "title": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]", "content_text": "THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.\n\nFRIDAY,\n\nSEPTEMBER 22, 1922.\n\nBANKS.\n\n308\n\n9\n\nTO-DAY'S SHARE QUOTATIONS.\n\nStock Exchange, Sharebrokers' Association.\n\nBenguet Con\n\nDocks, Wharves, Godowns, &c,\n\nH.K. Wharves\n\nK. Looks\n\nS'hai Docks\n\nSHIPPING NEWS\n\nThe following local shipping and mail intelligence has been corrected to noon to-day :—\n\nIkomasan M.\n\nDodwell & Co.\n\nAPC\n\nChina Mail\n\nWai Hing\n\nMBK\n\nC Canton\n\nShanghai\n\nKobe via Moji\n\nManila\n\nShanghai\n\nChinkiang\n\nS. Frisco via S'hai\n\nFort Bayard\n\nMiike\n\nVessel Kwang Lee Poo Lee\n\nSubning Luchow Hopsang\n\nJapan\n\nYuan Hing\n\nHiyodori M.\n\nAgents CMS N Hung Shan D&3\n\nJ N1 * Co.\n\nM Cie=\n\nClearances.\n\nHavre M.\n\nVessel\n\nYuensang\n\nImpending Departures.\n\nMooring\n\nC 46 C 39\n\nCo's Wht Kow. Whf\n\n(Compiled from our Shipping Advertisements.)\n\nAgents\n\nJ M Co. JOJL\n\nE. of Canada\n\nSoudan\n\nGlenade\n\nB&S\n\nB & S\n\nJCJ L\n\nDestination\n\nManila\n\nNorth Point\n\n4 2\n\nCo's Whf. Hachni\n\nASIA BANKING CORPORATION.\n\n(An American Bank for trade with the Far East.)\n\nOwned by a group of American Banks and under the control of the New York State Banking Department and the Federal Reserve Bank,\n\nComplete banking facilities incident to foreign trade. Travellers Checks of the American Bankers' Association and the Guaranty Trust Company of New York, negotiable throughout the world, for Sale and Encashment with us.\n\nHEAD OFFICE:\n\nNew York\n\nBRANCH: San Francisco,\n\nHEAD OFFICE FOR THE ORIENT:\n\nShanghai\n\nBRANCHES\n\nHankow\n\nTHE CHINA SPECIE BANK LTD.\n\nIrd Sept.\n\nHEAD OFFICE\n\nManila Singapore\n\nD. M. BIGGAR,\n\nManager.\n\nTHE BANK OF CHINA.\n\nBANKS\n\nHONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION. HEAD OFFICE HONGKONG Paid-up Capital Reserve Funds:\n\nSterling... Silver\n\n$20,000,000\n\n£4,500,000 $23,500,000\n\nBearve Llability of Proprievore $28,506,500. JE\n\nCOURT OF DIRECTOR\n\nG. M. Dodwell, Esq.-Chairman, Hon. Mr. A. O. Lang.-Deputy Cba:.\n\nD G. M. Bernard, Eng. Hon, Mr. J. V.D PATA A. M. Bower Smith, Esq. W. L. Pattonden, E G. T. M. Editing, Eeq, H.. Whit.\n\nP.H. Holyoak g.\n\nChief Manages:\n\n▲, G. STEPHEN, Bagi\n\nManager: Sunagbel\n\no.\n\n9, H. tim. Reg.\n\nLONDON BANKERS: LONDON COUNTY WESTMINSTON\n\nPARR'S BANK, LIMITED.\n\nCurrent Account opened is Local Carina\") asd Fixed Deposits reaeived for one year 1 shorter periods in Local Currency and Sterling on terme which will be quoted on applicati\n\nHongkong, 20th February, 19224\n\n(Specially authorized by Pres- idential Mandate of the Republic HONGKONG SAVINUS BANY!\n\nSt. George's Building, Hongkong. of China on the 22nd of Novem-\n\nber, 1917.)\n\nChairman of Board of Directors Mr. Wong Shiu Ham Sailing Date Chief Manager... Mr. L. S. Holum Asst. Manager... Mr. K. T. Wong Hongkong Manager.\n\n.K. & S. Bank\n\n£35 paid\n\nb.\n\nBanks. 88216\n\nb.\n\n880\n\nVessels Arrived.\n\nH K. of E. Asia\n\nb.\n\n10212\n\nb.\n\n102\n\nMarine Insurances.\n\nVessel\n\nAgents\n\nFrom\n\nCantone\n\nb.\n\n460\n\nb.\n\n460\n\nMohon\n\nYue Woo\n\nNorth Chinas\n\nn.\n\n$138\n\n140\n\nHelios\n\nKung Chung\n\n\"\n\nUnions\n\nb.\n\n203\n\nb.\n\n204\n\nKwang Lee\n\nCMS N\n\nTorilla\n\nM M Cie\n\nYangtszee\n\nb.\n\n24\n\nb.\n\n23\n\nPres McKinley\n\nAd. Line\n\nFire Insurances.\n\nPersia\n\nMyriam\n\nChina Fires\n\nb.\n\n11514\n\nb.\n\n116\n\nNile\n\nH.K. Fires\n\nb.\n\n435\n\nb.\n\n405\n\nAhpittai\n\nShipping.\n\nDouglases\n\nn.\n\n511⁄2\n\nn.\n\n53\n\nH.K. Steamboats\n\nb.\n\n274\n\nb.\n\n274\n\nIndos (Pref.)\n\nb.\n\n3542\n\n3.\n\n35\n\nWhere Bound\n\nIndo Def. Lon/Reg.\n\n9.\n\n260\n\nCanton\n\nIndo Def. H.K. Reg.\n\n8.\n\n260\n\nS.\n\n260\n\nShelle\n\nb.\n\n91/6\n\nb.\n\n92/-\n\nFort Bayarl Canton\n\nDeparture. 21st Sept. End Sept.\n\nCanton\n\nTientsin\n\nPeking\n\nFerries\n\nb. 371é ga. 38\n\nb.\n\n38\n\nTsingtao via Swator\n\nRefineries.\n\nYokohama vir \"Amoy..\n\nSugars\n\nb.\n\n150\n\nn.\n\n154\n\nYuen Song Bat\n\nCanton\n\nOSK\n\nMalabone\n\nb.\n\n4514\n\n8.\n\n47\n\nYKK\n\nCanton\n\nMining.\n\nYuensang\n\nM & Co.\n\nManila\n\nKailans\n\nb.\n\n64'-\n\nb.\n\n60/-\n\nProsper\n\nFook Fa Cheong\n\nSaigon\n\nPres. McKinley\n\nAd. Line\n\nSeattle via S'hai\n\nLangkata\n\nSoshu M.\n\nOS K\n\nTakao via Swatow\n\nShanghai Loans\n\nu.\n\n$8\n\nb\n\n8\n\nEmp. of Canada\n\nCPS Ltd.\n\nVancouver via S'hai\n\nShai Explorations\n\nRaubs\n\nh.\n\n$1\n\nb.\n\n1\n\nTronohs\n\nTti\n\n29/-\n\nUral Caspians\n\nb.\n\n13/-\n\nb.\n\nP. 2 05\n\n23rd Sept.\n\nTjisalak\n\nJava\n\n23rd\n\nb. 148 sa. 14816\n\nb.\n\n148\n\nLuchow\n\nShanghai\n\n23rd\n\nb. 167% sa. 168\n\nb. 168\n\ns. 169 sa. 1681⁄2\n\nTeiresias\n\nAntwerp\n\n23rd\n\nb. 9216 sa. 94\n\nb.\n\n93\n\nTjiaondari\n\nShanghai\n\n23rd\n\nOPS Ld.\n\nVancouver\n\n23rd\n\nN. Engineeringe\n\n1.\n\n$8\n\nn.\n\n7.90\n\nMr. I. P. Allen Foreign exchange and general banking business transacted.\n\nP&O\n\nBombay\n\n24th\n\nJ21 Co\n\nHamburg\n\n24th\n\nCentrals\n\nb.\n\n151\n\nb.\n\n15244\n\nCheribon M.\n\nNanyo Y K\n\nJapan\n\n24th\n\nH.K. Hotels Old\n\n88.\n\n244\n\nOld b.\n\n242\n\nNingpo\n\nB & S\n\nSaigon\n\n24th\n\nSuaning\n\nB & S\n\nTsingtao\n\n24th\n\nNew\n\nsa.\n\n1934\n\nNew b. sa. 19\n\nHaichirg\n\nD L & Co.\n\nFoochow\n\n24th-\n\ndeposits bear interests at rates 2% 4% and 5% per annum spectively.\n\nre-\n\nH.K. Lands\n\nsa.\n\n236\n\nb.\n\n235\n\nTor.lla\n\nP&O\n\nSingapore\n\n24th\n\nH'phreys Est.\n\nb.\n\n151⁄2\n\nb.\n\n1514\n\nSingapore\n\n24th\n\nColombo\n\n25th\n\nb.\n\n53\n\nb.\n\n50\n\nRD Co.\n\nNew York\n\n25th\n\nb.\n\n200\n\nb.\n\n201\n\nAct. Line\n\nManila\n\n25th\n\nS & B\n\nSurabaya\n\n25th\n\nJapan\n\n25th\n\nCotton Mills.\n\nNew York\n\n25th\n\nEwos\n\nb.\n\n12\n\nh.\n\n12\n\nTientsin\n\noth\n\nOrientale\n\nb.\n\n$612\n\nb.\n\nB & S\n\nHaiphong\n\n25th\n\nS'hai Cottons\n\n1.\n\n112\n\nI\n\n115\n\nNanyo Y K\n\nSourabaya\n\n26th\n\nShangbai\n\n20th\n\nMiscellaneous.\n\nJ M Co.\n\nSwatow\n\n26th\n\nCemente\n\nb. 2216 s. sa. 23\n\ns. 22.90/23.10\n\nB & 8\n\nTsingtao\n\n26th\n\nChina Light old\n\nb.\n\n154\n\nb.\n\n154\n\nCity of Lincoln\n\nManchuria\n\n26th\n\nChina Light new\n\nKingyuan\n\nB & 8\n\nBangkok\n\n26th\n\nChina Providente.\n\ns. 28 ga. 2916\n\nS.\n\nDairy Farms\n\nOld b. 28 New b. sa. 22\n\nOld b. 2314\n\n26 New b. 2214\n\nHanyang\n\nB&S\n\nSaigon\n\n20th\n\nA. Capital\n\nFooksang\n\nJA Co.\n\nCalcutta\n\n27th\n\nPaid-up Capital\n\nMingsang\n\nJ M Co.\n\nHoihow\n\n/7th\n\nReserve Fuad\n\nOld n. 221⁄2\n\nNew n. 21\n\nFooksang\n\n11 Co.\n\nCalcutta\n\n27th\n\nElectrics Macao\n\n1,\n\n37\n\nYatshing\n\nJM Co.\n\nShanghai\n\n8th\n\nHongkong Ropes\n\nb.\n\n3516\n\nNā.\n\n35\n\nSzechuen\n\nB & S\n\nShanghai\n\nShanai\n\nB & S\n\nHk. Tramways.\n\nb. sa.\n\n16\n\n5. 1612\n\nShanghai\n\nMatsumoto M\n\nLondon\n\nPeak Trams, old\n\nD.\n\n10\n\nfo\n\nITsifoong\n\nMOB\n\nDo.\n\nnew\n\nb.\n\n1\n\nb.\n\n1\n\nDL & Co.\n\nBAS\n\nFoochow\n\nAmy\n\nSteel Foundries\n\n1214\n\n[1.\n\nWater-boat\n\nb.\n\n174\n\n1714\n\nDjember\n\nWatsons\n\nb.\n\n11.15\n\n11\n\nDjokjakarta Robe\n\nWm. Powelle\n\nb.\n\n20\n\nVossel\n\nAgents\n\nFrom\n\nDue Hongkong\n\nKota-Radja\n\nWisemans\n\nCrawfords\n\nb. 2016 sa. 21\n\n2.\n\n21\n\nSoudan\n\nShanghai\n\nMantua\n\nSingapore\n\n23rd\n\nCanton Ices\n\nb.\n\n732\n\nb.\n\n71⁄2\n\nSanuki M,\n\nKobe\n\n24th\n\nNanyang Tob.\n\n214\n\nRinda\n\nT & Co.\n\nScandinavian ports\n\n35th\n\nb.\n\n1134\n\nTenyo M.\n\nYokohama\n\n26th\n\nSingapore\n\n26th\n\nL & Co.\n\nSingapore\n\n27th\n\nKloon Landa\n\nL. Reclamations\n\nWest Points\n\nLands, Hotels & Buildings.\n\nElectrics H.K. Old b. 2314 New n. 2234\n\nSteam Laundries\n\nSinceres\n\n1214\n\nHongkong, September 22, 1922.\n\nFILIPINO DEFEATS U.S. CHAMPION BOXER.\n\nVilla, Having Beaten Buff,\n\nMay Meet Wilde.\n\nA Brooklyn (New York) mes- sage of the 4th. inst states:- Pancho Villa, of Manila, to-night won the flyweight championship\n\nܩܩ\n\nP&U\n\nAd. Line\n\n634\n\nLinto Sanuki M. MS Dollar P. Jackson\n\nEskridge Mantua Stanley Chipshing Kaifong Samarang M.\n\njrufar\n\nLiangchow\n\nB & S\n\nNY K\n\nJ M Co.\n\nCHINESE LABOUR\n\nMOVEMENT.\n\nA Progressive Programme.\n\nThe secretarial office of the Tientsin Labour Union has filed\n\na petition with Parliament pro- posing that careful consideration\n\nWingsang\n\nIlaihong\n\nKiungchow\n\nFushimi M. Benmohr\n\nBank Line\n\nNYK\n\nIL & Co.\n\nImpending Arrivals.\n\n(Supplied by our Advertisers.)\n\nP&O\n\nP&O\n\nNYK\n\nTKK\n\nNYK\n\nConsignees Diary.\n\n(Compiled from our Advertisements.)\n\nhas to be paid to the safety and 21st Sept. and is due at Shanghai on the 22nd Sept.\n\nof the United States, scoring a protection of the labouring class\n\ntechnical knockout over Johnny the Buff of Jersey City in eleventh round of a scheduled twelve round bout. Buff was helpless and groggy and his sec- onds threw the towel into the ring.\n\nBuff weighed 1114 pounds while Villa tipped the scales at 110 pounds. The knockout came after twenty-seven seconds of fighting in the eleventh round. Villa scored two knockdowns in the tenth round and then began pummeling Buff with both hands. He rushed Buff to the ropes and chased him across the ring. Buff was reeling when Villa landed his left on the head and sent the American bumping to the floor.\n\nAt the start of the eleventh round Buff was defenseless with grogginess. Villa led in the first three rounds and draw blood from Buff's mouth, Buff retiring until the third and fighting in the open with Villa landing most of the damaging blows.\n\n23rd Sept.\n\nAuthor zed Capital..$60,000,000.00 Paid up Capital...... 18,278,600.00 Reserve Funds 9,629,425,24\n\nHEAD OFFICE: PEKING Hongkong Branch: 4 Queen's Road, Central.\n\nBranches and Sub-branches all over China\n\nother parts of the world.\n\nCurrent, Savings, and Fixed and Correspondents in Europe, Americs, and\n\nL. S. HOLUM,\n\nChief Manager. Hongkong, 2nd October. 1920\n\nNEDERLANDSCHE HANDEL\n\nMAATSCHAPPIJ.\n\n(NITHERLANDS TRADING SOCIETY.)\n\nEstablished 1824,\n\nSpecial Resert......\n\n100.000, Pub £8,333,333\n\n0 0 0 £6.666,666 P1 19 415,200 1,620.433 1:22.650,000 £1,886,533\n\nHead Ofee:—Amsterdam, Branches at\n\nThe Hague Mond Agency :-Batavia, BRANCHES:-\n\nBandjermaỆN\n\nBandoens Bombay Calautia Thenbes\n\nLangua\n\nRotterdam\n\nMaastr Bingapore Medan\n\nNoerahal Soerakarta\n\nPadank Palembang\n\nPekalonga Pensag Pontianak Rangoon\n\nBemarang Shanghai\n\n(Snto) Tebing Ting\n\n(Deli)\n\nTegal Telok Betong Tilletjop Weltevreden\n\nCorrespondents at Colombo. Madras Pond! aberry, Bangkok, Baigon, Haiphong, Hanoi, Amy Yokohama, Melbourne, Bydney, New York, San Francisão, eta,, etc.\n\nLondon Bankers:-The National Provincial, and Union Bank of England, Limited.\n\nThe Bank bayı and sells and receive for collection Bills of Exchange, isques letters of credit on ts Branches and porrespondente the East, the Continent, in Great Britain, America and Australia and transsets banking business of every description,\n\nW, H, GRONKAMP.\n\nAgent.\n\nBANQUE DB L'INDO-CHINE\n\n(FRENCH BANK.)\n\nHead Omos; 96 Boulevard Hausemaon, Paris,\n\nVessel\n\nAgents\n\nGoods Stored\n\n1 McKinley Harold D\n\nA L\n\nRice.\n\nFree Claims Storage to be Expires in by Kowloon Sept. 27 Oct. 2 Holt's\n\nSept. 29\n\nOct. 21\n\nExamina- tion Date\n\nSept 26 Sept. 27\n\nSteamers' Movements,\n\nEmpress of Russia arrived at Nagasaki on the 21st dept, left Nagasaki on the\n\nTayo M arrived at Yokohama on the 19th inst, and sailed 22nd, inst. for Hono especially the boys and girls lalu and San Francis below 18\n\nof age. years\n\nA memoranduni of ninteen articles has been drafted.\n\nCapital... Renerves\n\nFraude 45,000,000\n\nED,000,000\n\nPOST OFFICE NOTICES.\n\nTelegraphic Communications with Wagian and Gap Rock Lises are interkatukog Djibouti\n\nINWARD MAILS.\n\n4\n\nBRANCHES AND AGENCIES.\n\nBengkok\n\nHongkong Battambang Mengta Canton\n\nNoume\n\nHaiphong Tankow\n\nHanoi\n\nPapeeta Prking Ruom-Peab Poodioberry\n\nSaigon Shanghai Singapore *Tientsin Tourane Vladivostock Yunokutu\n\nFrom\n\nPer\n\nDue\n\nTottori M... Soudan\n\n22nd Sept.\n\n...Cor.t\n\nMantua\n\n... 23rd\n\nPros. Jackson Chakiang Sanuki M....\n\n4.23rd\n\n24th\n\n4.24th\n\nShansi...\n\n...25th\n\nSushimi M. Morioka M.\n\n..\n\n...26tli\n\n... ---\n\n...28th\n\nOUTWARD MAILS.\n\nPer\n\nDate\n\nActing Manager. Hongkong, October 21st, 1919.\n\n...Sat., 15 inst., 7.30 a m.\n\nGenerally speaking, it proposes rapted. that necessary protection shall be afforded to the rights of the\n\nin labourers calling meeting freely, in labour unions and con- Straits\n\nShanghai.. cluding contracts and agreements.\n\nLondon 24th Aug. & Parcela, London The working bours shall be fixed Europe via Sue Letters & Papers,\n\n16th Aug.) at eight hours a day but six hours\n\nWhen the regular Canada, U.S.A., Japan't Shanghai in the night. working hours are exceeded over- Shanghai.. time wages shall be paid, but strief Japan limitation shall be applied to the Straits boys and girls under 18 years Japan of age who should only work six hours a day. Moreover, an insur- ance law shall be prepared by\n\nGovernment with\n\nlanoi the Fort Bayard, Hoihow & Haiphong...\n\nthe\n\nN China, Japan. Canada, approval of the Union of the Shanghai\n\nU.S.A.. C. South America, & labourers' unions throughout the\n\nEurope via Vancouver BC. country.\n\nShanghai\n\nAmoy\n\n---\n\nPor\n\ncision over Nick Foley of Brook- Philippine Is.\n\nlyn in eight rounds of the semi- Straits, Ceylon, Mauritius, L. Marques, final bout. Flores floored Foley S. Africa, India via Dhanuakkodi,\n\nAden, Egypt & Brindis for the count of nine in the sixth VILLA RUSHES BUFF. Leading an attack Villa rushed round.\n\nShanghai & N. China Even Joe Lynch, the world's Straits Buff to the ropes in the fourth with a shower of blows and cuffed bantamweight champion, was un-Straits, Ceylon, Mauritius, L. Marques, S. Africa, India via Dbanuskhedi In the able to take every round in his him about the ring.\n\n& Bombay next two rounds Villa started to fight with Buff. as Villa did.\n\nBangkok... The winner, who measure Buff for a knockout but\n\nis only Pakhoi & Haiphong Buff kept clear and maintained eighteen, was practically un-Shanghai & Japan....\n\nHe is Swatow, Amoy & Ke known six months ago. a safe blocking defense.\n\nStraits & Egypt ... Buff showed more action in the now entitled to a try at the world's Java & Port Moresby via Bata next three rounds but Villa con- title held by Jimmy Wilde, and Swatow & Bangkok tinued to advance his command-it is very possible that the two Swatow & Bangkok ing lead and met the American's will soon be matched. The pity Saigon\n\nPhilippine Is. attack with aggressiveness and is that, unlike Villa, the little oihow, Pakho: & Haiphong drove him to the ropes in the Britisher, who has been boxing Philippine Is seventh.\n\nHe\n\nBuff for a number of years, must be watow & Bangkok around the ring in the ninth.\n\nnearing the end of his career. Swatow, Amoy & Foochow The programme was a double Still, if Villa can beat Wilde, it Shanghai & N. China... Filipino victory, Elino Flores of will leave no sort of doubt about Hoihow & Haiphong Manila receiving the judge'e de- his being of class A 1.\n\ntrounced\n\nJ\n\nTientsin\n\nor den\n\nEmp, of Canada. Sat.. 23 ipst..\n\nRegistration 9.15 a.m.\n\nLetters\n\n10 a.m (Due Vancouver B.C. Oct 9.)\n\n...Set., 25 inst., 1.30p.m.\n\nYuensang\n\nP'ersis\n\nLuchow... Sunning Lake Gitano\n\n+\n\nSondan Trong Samnd jade... Mantua\n\nAmakusa M. Tjisalak\n\nTeresias Chaksang\n\nKingyuan\n\nVingro...\n\nPres. Jackson\n\nKaifong...\n\nTH\n\nTaming ...\n\nDrafar ...\n\nHaiching\n\nBANKERS,\n\nIN FRANCE: Comptoir National d'Escom!\n\nde Paris; Credit Lyonnais; Banju.\n\nde Paris et des Pays-Ba; Credly ladustrial et Commercial Boicate *Generale.\n\nIN LONDON: The National Provincia and\n\nUnion Bank of England Ltd., Comp toir National d'Escompte de Paris: Credit Lyonnal.\n\nIN NEW YORK:\n\n. P. Horgan & Co. Interest allowed op. Current Aconunts and Fixed Deposits socording to arrangement.\n\nEvery description of banking and exchange husiness transacted.\n\nV. MARSOT.\n\nORIENTAL COMMERCIAL BANK, LTD.\n\nHEAD OFFICE:\n\n...Sat., 23 inst., 1.30 p.m. 25, Des Voeux Road Central, Hongkong. ...Sat.. 23 inst.. 230 pm.\n\n...Sat., 23 inst., 3pm. ...Sat., 25 18st.\n\n4 p.m.\n\nAuthorised Capital ... $5,000,000\n\nModern banking in all its branches.\n\non\n\n.. Sat. 3 inst., pm. ...Sat 23 inst.. 5 p.m\n\nSat, 23 inst., 5.m Current accounts, saving ac- Sun., 24 inst.. 9 a.m counts and fixed deposits Sun., 24 inst. m. solicited.\n\nLoans granted Sun., 24 inst. 9 a.m. ..Moa., 25 inst, 10 30 a.m\n\napproved security. Mon., 25 inst., 10.30 a.m. Overseas banking a specialty. Mon., 25 inst, 10 50 a.m. INTEREST:-Current Ac- ...Mon, 25 inst.. 1 p.m.\n\ncounts 2; Savings 4; Fixed .Mon., 25 inst., 4.30 p.m\n\n...Mon., 25 inst., 5 p.m. Deposits: 3 months 3: 6 months\n\n.. Mon., 25 inst., 5 pm. 4, One year, 5%. ....... 26 inst., 10 a.m.\n\n---\n\n...Tues., 26 inst.. noon.\n\nLangchow ...Tues., 26 inst, 2.30 p.m. Chipshing ...1ues., 26 inst., 3 p.m.\n\n***\n\n351 BHDg ......Tues., 26 inst., 5 p.m.\n\nSafe Deposit Boxes for Rent.\n\nJ. Y. LUM,\n\nChef Manager.\n\nAsst. Chief Manager.\n\nR. WEUSTHOFF,\n\nLondon Bankers:-The National Provincial\n\nUnica Bank of England, Ltd. The Guaranty Trust Company of New York. New York Bankers: The Irving National Bank. The Buitable Trust Company of New Tork.\n\nInterest allowed on Current Accounts and Fixed\n\nDeposita. Terms on application. Every description of Banking Business trans-\n\nnoted.\n\nLoans granted on approved securities. Special facilities for Home Exobange,\n\nTSUYEE PEI\n\nManager.\n\nTHE BANK OF EAST ASIA, LIMITED.\n\nHEAD OFFICE:-\n\nNo. 10 Des Voeux Road Central, Established 1919.\n\nAUTHORIZED CAPITAL-10,809,00%\n\nPAID UP CAPITAL, 1,000 909.00 RESERVI PUND $ 200,000,00\n\nDIRECTORS:\n\nMr. Pong Wal Ting, Chairman. Hon. Mr. Chow Shou Bon, Kr. Kan Ying 20,\n\nMr. Mot Ching Kong. Mr. Wong Yun Tong, Mr. Chen Ching ebek,\n\nMr. Li Koon Chun,\n\nMr. Fung Plug Jbsa, Mr. P. K. Kwok,\n\nMr. Ng Chang Luh.\n\nMr. Huyah Ti\n\nMr. Kas Ühis Nam.\n\nChlef Manager. Mr. Kas Tong Pol Avoi. Manager, Mr. Li Tee Four.\n\nBRANCHES & AGENCIES:--\n\nLONDON\n\nNEW YORK SAN FRANCISCO YOKOHAMA\n\nPARIS SHANGHAI\n\nKOBE NAGASAKI\n\nSAICON\n\nBOMBAY\n\nCANTON\n\nThe Business of the above Bark is ooaðsawa by the HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION,\n\nRules may be obtained on applicati; m.\" INTEREST on deposits a allowed Minimum monthly balances at $3 per ann\n\nFor the Hongkong and Buangan Banking Corporation.\n\nA. H. BARLOW, Acting Chief Manager,\n\nPENANO\n\nSINGAPORE\n\nTIENTSIN\n\nHANKOW BATAVIA\n\nMANILA\n\nSOURABAYA\n\nSAMARANC\n\nCALCUTTA\n\nMidland Bank, Ltd.\n\nEvery description of Banking and Exchange\n\nTHE CHARTERED BANK OF INDIA, AUSTRALIA AND CHINA.\n\nIncorporated by Royal Charter 1\n\nPAID-UP CAPITAL\n\nRESERVA FUND\n\nRESERVE LIABILITY OF\n\nPROPRIETORS.\n\n£3.000.00\n\n23,700,000\n\n£3,000,000\n\nFOREIGN EXCHANG】 and General E ing busis es transmeted,\n\nCURRENT ACCOUNT opened and FIXE DEPOSITS received for 1 year or aborter period at rater which will be quoted on appliestirs\n\nJ. L. CROCKATT\n\nManager. Hongkong, 1st January, 1914\n\nBANK OF CANTON LIMITED.\n\nHEAD OFFICE, HONGKON{}}\n\nFOREIGN EXCHANGE and General Banking Busines Transacted.\n\nINTEREST ON FIXED DEPOSITS.\n\nFor 12 Months 5% per annum For 6 Months 4% per sanuma For 3 Months 3% per annu On Demand 2% per annum\n\nCURRENT ACCOUNTS\n\n2% per annum on the daily credit balances of over $100.00.\n\nLOOK POON SHAN,\n\nChief Manager\n\nLondon Brokers: The London Jolat Eity and\n\nTHE YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK LTD\n\nbusiness transacted. Loans granted on approved\n\nsecurities.\n\nERTARLINER 1888)\n\nInterest allowed on Current Deposit Account Capital (fully paid up) - L\n\nst the rate of Two per cent. per annum on Bey- Bererve Fund ings Account Four per cent, per annum, and ʊn\n\nFixed Deposits at the following rates:\n\nFor 3 months at the rate of 3% per annum For months at the rate of 4% per annum For 18 months the rats of 6% per unum\n\nKAN TONG PO,\n\nChief Maungar.\n\nHongkong. Mazob 8th. 1891,\n\nTHE FUTIEN BANK,\n\n21. Connaught Road, Central.\n\nBaratio\n\nBombay\n\n1.100.000.0\n\n1.000.0\n\nBIAD OFFIСИ, ТОКОНАМА,\n\nBranabes and Agenalan\n\nBuenos Ayran Caloutta Changchun\n\nDaizen (Dalny)\n\nEni Yuen Kangroh Kobe\n\nLondoa\n\nLYORK\n\nLos Angeles\n\nManila\n\nFengtien Mukden Nagasaki\n\nHauburg\n\nHankow Honolulu\n\nTokya\n\nHarbin\n\nNagoya Newohwang\n\nRio de Janei\n\nBoeraLay\n\nBagon\n\nBan Fra061 Seattle\n\n@bang\n\nOnska\n\nSing\n\nband Sydacy\n\nNew York\n\nTinivir\n\nPeking\n\nVladivostook Teing:\n\nInterest allowed on Current Accounts, Depoarte received for Axed period\n\non Approvedbe obtained on application,\n\nGeneral Banking and Exchange Business Transacted, Loans Granted Becurities.\n\nInterest of Fixed Deposits :-\n\nFor 12 months.\n\nFor month.\n\nFor 3 months.\n\nOn Demand\n\n5% per akum.\n\n4% per annum.\n\n3% per aoNUD.\n\n2% per konum,\n\nCurrent Accounts:-\n\n2% per annum on the Daily Credit Balances\n\nof over $100.1\n\nLA CHEN YA, Xansget\n\nTHE INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL BANK, LTD.\n\nNo, 6. Des Voeux Road, HONGKONG.\n\nTHE INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL BANS, LIMITED.\n\nT. NISHITAM,\n\nManage\n\nBongsong 11th September 1922.\n\nINTERNATIONAL BANKING\n\nCORPORATION\n\n$10,000,0 C. 5,424,0\n\nCAPITAL AND SURPLUS: UNDIVIDED PROFITS: RESERVE FOR DIVIDENDS: U. 8. j GDB,COR(Owned by the National Oity Bank of New York\n\nELD OFFICE: 69\" Wall Bizant NOW YOKS BRANCHE:\n\nLONDON: 36 Bishopsgat, I d LIONS: Place Tolosa SAN FRANCI800; 232 Montgomery BizIRA CHINA: Canton, Hankow, Hardin, Hongkong\n\nPeking Shanghai, Tremain, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Puerto Pin Bus\n\nPedro de Mooris, Bazobes Santiago Santo Domingo, Barahona, Bas Frame sisco de Macoris,\n\nHead Office-York Building, Chater INDIA: Bombay Calcutta, Bangor,\n\nRoad, Hongkong.\n\nBranches :- Shanghai and Hankow. Correspondents in all commercial centres of BPAIN: Barcelona, Madrid,\n\nChina and abroad,\n\nPrompt Service. Attractive rates for mil kinds of Deposits, Inquiries are welcome,\n\nS. Y. HSUEH,\n\nManager,\n\nTHE CHINESE MERCHANTS BANK, LTD.,\n\nBEAD OFF109\n\nAlexandra Pu!ldings, Übater Bond. Deners Beau ag” and Trebango kusiness trenrected.\n\nLone ried or any roved securities. Current Acounte opened sad Pized Deposite\n\nJAPAN: Kobe, Yokunama, JAVA Batavia, Bourabaya, PANAMA: Colon, Panama. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Ceoa, Manila,\n\nSTRAITS SETTLEMENTS: Bingapore,\n\nBRANCHES OF THE NATIONAL GIRY BANK OF NEW YORK. ARGENTINA: Baumos Aires, Monaco, BELGIUM: Antwerp, bruania, BRAZIL: Pernambuco, Purto Alegre, Ric\n\nJaneiro, Ban106, San Paulo. CHILE:_Bantingo, ValparaING,\n\nCCBA Bayana and 29 cition in Outa,\n\nadun INGLAND:\n\nITALY:\n\nPKRU: L\n\nPORTO RICO: Pomos, San Juan,\n\nRUSSIA: Moonw, Petrograd, (temporarily\n\nalored),\n\nURUGUAY: Kotvia\n\nVENEZUELA. Carmona\n\nAll description D. undking braimoas true noted\n\ncurrent and saving Interest allowed accounts and fixed depualle in Jues, es torna\n\nדיי\n\nressived at rater which may be ajedriniaed currencies as rates to be sucertained on spot. Ja\n\nale conducte a Baringe Depart.\n\nog applestina\n\nThe Ban ment\n\nK. C. LAU,\n\nief Manager\n\nLion,\n\nBURG BLG..\n\nManagers\n\nBontons 17cb M. 102,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 492967, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]", "page_number": 320, "title": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]", "content_text": "PACIFIC SHIPPING.\n\nCANADIANA PACIFIC\n\nSTEAMSHIPS\n\nLIMITED\n\nHOME VIA CANADA\n\nHongkong to England\n\nShanghai Nagasaki, Kobe, Yokohama, Vancouver & Montreal\n\nFRIDAY,\n\nSEPTEMBER 22, 1922.\n\nTHE\n\nHONGKONG TELEGRAPH.\n\nROBER\n\nTHE\n\nDOLL\n\nLAR CO\n\nSAN SONGSCO)\n\nPACIFIC SHIPPING.\n\nDOLLAR\n\nLINE\n\nTHE\n\nROBERT\n\nDOLLAR\n\nAN FRANCISCO\n\nSAILINGS FROM HONGKONG.\n\nFor Baltimore via Genoa, Marseilles, Boston and New York. S.S. DIANA DOLLAR\n\n1st November.\n\nFor New York via Genoa, Marseilles, Boston and New York.\n\nS.S. M. S. DOLLAR\n\nLAR CO\n\nEmpress of Canada\nEmpress of Rita\nEmpress of Australia\nEmpress of Asia\n\nEmpress of Canada\nmpress of Russia\n\nDre From H'kong\nVancouver\n9 Oct.\nSept. 23\n\n5 ft.\nOct.\n\nNov 13\n(let 25\nNov. 20\nNov, 2\n\nNov 18\nDec 4\nNov. 30\nDec. 18\n\nEmpress of Scotland\n\nEmpress of France\n\nMinnedosa\nFrom Canada\nOct 24\nOct 17\n\nNov. 6\nDet '31\n\nNov. 22\nNov. 30\nDec. 5\nNov, 28\n\nEmpress of France\nEmpress of Scotland\nDec. 12\nDec. 18\n\nDec 26\nJan.\n\nEmpress of France\n\nDue\nEngland\n25th Sept.\n3\n\nFor Los Angeles, San Francisco and Vancouver. S.S. HAROLD DOLLAR ...\n\n25th October.\n\nFor Rates and Particulars Apply to\n\nNo. 4A Des Daux Road, Ground Floor. Tel. Central 795 & 792.\n\nOther Altantic Sailings every few days to Liverpool, ! Southampton, Glasgow, Antwerp. Cherbourg and Hamburg. Allotment of Cabins on Atlantic e.eun.ars he'd hera and through tickets issued. Early reservation necessary.\n\nThree Trans continental Train■ Daily, Standard Sleeping cars Compartments & Drawing roowa, Canadian Pacific Hotels at Victoria. Vancouver, in the Rockine, Calgary,\n\nWinnipeg. Montreal and Quebec,\n\n\"CANADIAN PACIFIC THROUGHOUT\"\n\nCANADIAN PACIFIC STEAMSHIPS, LIMITED. Hong kong Office Tel. Central 752. Cable Address GACANPAC.\n\nT. K. K.\n\nTOYO KISEN\n\nKAISHA\n\nReduced Fare to Europe U.S. G$620.50 First Class Throughout. If\n\nHONGKONG TO SAN FRANCISCO.\n\nnd\n\nVIA SHANGHAI. THE ISLAND SEA JAPAN & HONOLCI U \"THE PATHWAY OF THE SUN.\" Toni. Leave 'kung\n\nTENYO M....22,000...\nOct. 4.\n\nKOREA M....20,000...\nOct. 18.\n\nSHINYO M....22,000...\nNov. 2.\n\nSteamers\n\nLAST H'kong I\n\nSIBERIA M....20,000...\nNov. 13.\n\nTAIYO M.......22,000...\nNov. 26.\n\nCalling at Dairen.\n\nCalling at Keelung.\n\nSOUTH AMERICAN LINE.\n\nHONGKONG TO VALPARAISO.\n\nVIATMANILA, KEELUNG, JAPAN. HONOLULU, HILO, SAN FRANCISCO SAN PEDRO, MANZANILLO, BALBOA, CALLAO\n\nMULLENDO, ARICA & IQUIQUE\n\nTHENCE BY TRANS-ANDEAN ROUTE TO BUENOS AYRES.\n\nSTEAMERS\n\nANYO MARU\n18,000...\nOct. 18th.\n\nSEIYO MARU ..(Omit Keelung)\n..14,000...\nNov. 19th.\n\nRAKUYO MARU\n17,500...\nJan. 10th.\n\nor full information rewarding passengers, freight, and siltags apply t\n\nOmitting call at Keelung.\n\nKing's Building.\n\nY. TSUTSUMI, Manager,\n\nTel. Central Nos. 2374 & 2375. zenta at Canton. Messrs. T. E. GRIFFITH, LTD\n\nSTRUTHERS & BARRY.\n\n*Elkridge\"\n\nManaging Agents--i nited States Shipping Boar\n\nEXPRESS FREIGHT SERVICE.\n\nTO LOS ANGELES & SAN FRANCISCO FROM HONGKONG BY DIRECT ROUTE.\n\nOct.\nDue Hongkong 8th\n\n\"Dewey \"\nLeaves Hongkong 10th\n\nOct. 6th\nNov, Due Hongkong\n\nLeaves Hongkong 8th Nov.\n\nCARGO ACCEPTED FOR TRANSHIPMENT AT SAN FRANCISCO TO WEEKLY SAILINGS FOR ATLANTIC SEABOARD PORTS. THROUGH BILLS OF LADING ISSUED TO U.S. & CANADIAN OVERLAND POINTS TO MANILA, SAIGON, SINGAPORE, BATAVIA, SAMARANG AND SOURABAYA,\n\n**Elkridge\" Due H'kong 24th Sept. (not calling at Saigon)\n\nLeaves Hongkong 25th Sept. \"West Prospect\" Due H'kong 13th Oct. (not calling at Saigon)]\n\nLeaves Hongkong 14th Oct.\n\nTHROUGH BILLS OF LADING ISSUED TO ALL PORTS NOT SERVED.\n\nFor Full Information apply to\n\nSTRUTHERS & BARRY.\n\nL. EVERETT. General Agent for Japan-China- Philippines. Indo-China-Straits & Java.\n\n1st Floor, Powell's Building, Phone Central No. 3008. G. P. BRADFORD, Res. Agent.\n\nCHINA MERCHANTS S. N. CO.\n\nSallings Subject to Alteration\n\nSHANGHAI:--Regular Passenger, Mail and' Cargo Service tu and from Shanghai. Excellent Saloon accommodation, Electric Fans and Light throughout.\n\nPassengers are Landed in Shanghai, avoiding'the inconvenience at transhipment at Woosung.\n\nFor Freight or Passage apply to\n\nCLINA MERCHANTS S.N. CO.\n\nLO SHUN WAN:-Manager.! \n\nVEREENIGDE\n\nNEDERLANDSCHE\n\nMAATSCHAPPIJ..\n\nSCHEEPVARTY|\n\n(United Netherlands Navigation Company)\n\nHOLLAND-OOST AZIE LIJN (Holland East Asia Line), (Members of the Straits, China and Japan Conferences.)\n\nRegular monthly servi e between Japan ports, Shanghai, Hongkong and Manila\n\nAmsterdam, Rotterdam, and Hamburg, Bremen\n\nSteamers\n\nEMMA OOSTKERK\n\nand\n\nSailing For\n\non or about\n\"R'dam. A'dam. Hamburg & Bremen\n20th Oct.\n\nA'dan, R'dam, Hamburg & Bremen\n20th Nov.\n\nFor full particulars please apply to\n\nJAVA CHINA JAPAN LYN\n\nGeneral Agents, York Building.\n\nTHE ROBERT DOLLAR CO.\n\nNORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD.\n\nREGULAR\n\nFREIGHT AND PASSENGER SERVICE\n\nON THE BERTH FOR-\n\nPORT SAID, ROTTERDAM, HAMBURG, BREMEN\n\nS.S. WESTFALEN\n\nSailing in October.\n\nFor particulars Regarding Rates and Bookings Apply to\n\nTHE ROBERT DOLLAR CO.\n\nTel. Central 795-792 Gǝn, P. O. Bu ding.\n\nADMIRAL\n\nTHE ADMIRAL\n\nThird Floor\n\nLINE\n\nHF. ALEXANDER President\n\nPACIFIC STEAMSHIP COMPANY\n\nBoard Steamer.\n\nSFATTLE & VICTORIA\n\nSERVICE-COURTESY-SPEED. PASSENGER & FREIGHT\n\n•\n\nVia Shanghai, Kobe and Yokohama.\n\nSaila From Hongknsig Aprise anti S.S. President McKinley... For Seattle Sept. 21. Oct. 10 President Jackson ... For Seattle Oct. 5 Ort. 24 President Grant ...For Seattle\n\nNov.\n\nOct. 19.\n\nSPECIAL THROUGH RATE TO EUROPE G.$620,5!),\n\n41\n\nPACIFIC SHIPPING.\n\nCHINA MAIL S.S. CO., LTD.\n\n(Lacorporated in U.S.A.)\n\nOPERATING FAST FREIGHT AND PASSENGER STEAMERS\n\n\"\n\n[1 NANKING CHINA\n\n13\n\nS\n\nRILE ARMANESTAN\"\n\nCORJISTAN\n\nAN UNSURPASSED HIGH CLASS PASSENGER SERVICE.\n\nFIRST CLASS FARE TO EUROPEAN PORTS\n\nMinimum Rate U.S.G. 5577.07\n\nMaximum Rate U.S.G. $620.50 First Class Accommodation Throughout,\n\nTrans-Pacific\n\nService\n\nHONGKONG TO SAN FRANCISCO\n\nVia Shanghai, Nagasaki, Yokohama & Honolulu. S.S. NILE S.S. NANKING September 30th.\n\nOctober 23rd.\n\nJAVA SERVICE\n\n\"\n\nS.S. CHINA November 27th.\n\nHONGKONG TO AMOY, SINGAPORE & JAVA PORTS.\n\nS.S.\n\nGORJISTAN. To Swatow & Amoy. Sept. 28. 5.S. ARMANESTAN. To Andy and Swatow.\n\nS.S. GORJISTAN. To Singapore, Batavia, Samarang\n\nOct. 7.\n\nand Sourabaya.\n\nS.S. ARMANESTAN. To Singapore, Batavia, Samarang and Sourabaya. Sept. 28.\n\nFAST FREIGHT SERVICE Through Bills of Lading issued to all porate in United States & Canada\n\nCargo accepted on Through Bills of Lading for transhipment at San Francisco to weekly sailings for principal Atlantic Porte.\n\n80\n\nC. T. SURRIDGE, GEFERAL AGENT PRINCE'S BUILDING, Telephone, Pabrenome Dept.\n\nCentral No. 1934.\n\nIDE HOUSE STREET, TEL.. FREIGHT DEFT. & AGENT.\n\nCentral No. 2161.\n\nCable add. \"CHIMAIL\"\n\nBOSTON\n\n& NEW\n\nJoint service of the BLUE FUNNEL'\n\nLINE\n\nOcean S. S. Co., Ld., & China Mutual S. N, Co., Ld.\n\nAND\n\nAMERICAN & MANCHURIAN LINE, (Ellerman & Bucknall S. & Co., Lɖɔ\n\nSailings from Hongkong S.S. CITY OF LINCOLN... S.S. ANTILOCHUS\n\nS.S. CITY OF MELBOURNE\n\nvia Suez Canal 26th Sept.\nvia Suez Canal 5th Oct.\n\nvia Suez Canal 15th Oct.\nvia Suez Canal ... 25th\n\nOct.\n\n---\n\nS.S. AGAMEMNON\n\nCOMMERCIAL NEWS-\n\nGERMAE TRADE WITH JAPAN.\n\nIt is reported that there is\n\na large business being done in German goods which are sent to Japan by parcel post. Nearly 4,000 parcels are said to arrive in Osaka monthly, consisting main- ly of books, neckties, gramo- phone records, cameras, umbrella handles, picture post-cards, photo- graphs from the nude. and numerous other fine articles.\"\n\nAUSTRIAN AUTOMOBILES. Current prices for automobiles in Austria range between 2,000,000,- 000,000,000 & 2,500,000,000 000,000 crowns and vary with shifting exchange, according to a report to the US. Commerce Depart- ment from Vionna. The U.S. Consul advises Americans when approaching the Austrian market to quote prices in dollars t obviate the necessity of employ. ing an accountant and to avoid\n\nin a possible lose\n\nexchange fluctuations. CARGO HANDLING AT BATAVIA- In his report on the economic situation of the Netherlands East Indies. Mr. H.A.N. Bluett. British commercial agent for the Netherlands East Indies at Batavia, makes some interesting references to that company' shipping. He says:--The scare`ty of cargo for Europe which be came apparent during the latter half of 1920 continued well into the year 1921, during the first half of which steamers sailing homewards with large quantities of space in spite of important reductions in freights.\n\nwere\n\nYORK. With the exception of a few speculative bookings, generally speaking business was done for shipment on very short notice, freight seldom being booked for more than a few weeks, and with a fairly large supply of ready tonnage on the spot there was no reason for shippers to bind them- selves until the last moment. During the early months of the latter part of the year, con- ditions, however, improved, there being a very firm demand for tonnage for two or three months ahead from July onwards- principally brought about by the sudden boom in the copra trade- but within a comparatively short space of time it was realised that the position had been exaggerat- ed, and that the requirements for tootage to the United Kingdom and the Continent were consider ably below expectations, more especially for through cargo from outlying ports in the Dutch East Indies, which, as a rule, consists largely of copra and rattans. De- pression again set in, business being little better than during the early monthe of the period under review; rates continued or\n\nSteamere proceed via Suez Canal or Panama Canal at Owners option. Subject to change without notice\n\nFor freight and particulare apply to\n\nBUTTERFIELD & SWIRE or THE BANK LINE, LD, HONGKONG,\n\n(John Swire & Sons, Ltd.)\n\nHONGKONG & CANTON\n\nREISS & CO.\n\nMESSAGERIES\n\nCANTON\n\nMARITIMES\n\nSERVICE CONTRACTUELS,\n\nMail service under contract with the French Government)\n\nD.stination\n\nShanghai.\n\nSteamer de Displacement\n\nsading Dates\n\nKobe and) AZAY LE RIDEAU 16,000 Un or shout 29th Sept\n\n20,000 On hout 15th\n\nYokolistua\n\nMamei les via Haiphong.\n\nPORTHOS\n\nANGKOR\n\nANGERS\n\nthe 3rd Ort.\n\n15 000 On or abort 15.000 Ou ur about\n\nChet. Uu or about 31st Oct. on or aout 14th Nov.\n\nAZAY LERIDEAU IS 000 PORTHOS\n\n20,000\n\nCOMMERCIAL LINE. Port. Letues,) LT. ST. LUUSERT BIE Hara Dunkirk and LT. de MISSIESSY\n\nMEINAM Antwerp\n\nCOM. RAMEL\n\nSaigon. Singapore\n\nPenauz, oloubo Djibouti, Suez and Port-Said.\n\nMANILA SERVICE\n\nOran\n\nS.S. President Jackson\n\nPresident Orant\n\nSept. 25. Oct. 9.\n\nSAIGON, SINGAPORE & JAVA,\n\nS.S. GLYMONT\n\nThrough Bill of Lading to all United States and Canadian Overland Points; also via Panama Canal Lines to Atlantic Ports.\n\nPassengers and Freight Particulars, apply to\n\nTHE ADMIRAL LINE PASSENGER OFFICE. Tels. Central 2477 & 2478.\n\nH.K. & Shanghai Bank Building.\n\n4. Des Voeux Rd. C., G. Floor.\n\nSERVICE TO NEW YORK.\n\nNEW YORK and/or BOSTON via PANAMA,\n\nS.S. STANLEY ... S.S. SATSUMA\n\nabout 30th September\n\nmid October. 1st part, November 1st part, December\n\nALSO SERVICE TO BORDEAUX,\n\nFor further particulars, etc. apply to CONSIGNATION-TRANSIT--\n\nREPRESENTATION.\n\nTelephone Central No. 740.\n\nA. JOBARD.\n\nActing Agent. Queen's Building.\n\ndownward scale. and the year ended having fully justified the pessimistic prophecies con- cerning it. The report continues: Cargo for New York was less plentiful than during the previous year, and business in Java pro- duce to America was not parti- cularly brisk in spite of the low freights brought about by the cutting of rates as a result of American competition. A good trade was, however, done between Java and British India.\n\nTHE HONGKONG & WHAMPOA DOCK CO., LTD.\n\nTELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS :\n\nCodes used: A1: A.B.C. Fifth Edition:\n\n\"MANIFESTO \" HONGKONG.\n\nEngineering, First and Second Edition,\n\nWestern Union and Watkins, Bentleys and Marconi.\n\nDock Owners, Ship Builders, Marine and Land Engineers, Boiler Make s\n\nIron and Brass Founders, Forge Masters, Electricians\n\nabout Sept.\n\n25.\n\nabout October 15.\n\nKowloon Docks\n\nfor freight space mud particulars apply to:-\n\nBARBER STEAMSHIP LINE INC.\n\nTHE ADMIRAL LINE\n\nAGENTS.\n\n4, Des Voeux Rd, C., H.K. & S'hai Bank Bldg. Ground Floor.\n\nLo eps Central 217, & 447.\n\nKONINKLYKE PAKETVAART MAATSCHAPPIJ. (Royal Packet Navigation Co. of Batavia) THE STEAMSHIP:\n\n\"VAN OVERSTRATEN\"\n\nwill be despatched 30th September to SINGAPORE, PENANG and BELAWAN DELI.\n\nOffers excellent Saloon accommodation All lower berths\n\nEnglish cuisine\n\nDoctor carried\n\nWireless telegraph\n\n1st class fare to SINGAPORE $100. Agents : JAVA CHINA JAPAN LIJN.\n\nYork Building,\n\nChater Road\n\nTelephone Central No. 1574.\n\nNo. 1. Length 700ft. *readth 86ft\n\nNo. 2. Length\n\n371tt Breadth 74ft\n\nNo. 3. Length. 264ft.\n\nBreadth 49ft. 3in\n\nNo. 1 Slip\n\nLength 240ft. Breadth 60ft.\n\nNo. 2 Slip Length 220ft. Breadth 60ft.\n\nTal-Kok Tsu\n\nL'OSMOPOLITAN\n\nDock\n\nLength 466ft.\n\nBreadth 85ft. in\n\nAberdee t\n\nHOPE DOCK\n\nLength 435!\n\nBreadth 8411\n\nLAMONT\n\nLength 33341\n\nBreadib 46\n\nLaunch of Oil Tanker \"PALUDIÑA\" at KOWLOON DOCKS. Built to the order of The Anglo-Saxon Petroleum Co. Ltd.\n\nPlease Address Enquiries to the Chief Manager:\n\nR.M. DYER, BSc, M.I.N.A., KOWLOON POOR HONGKONG.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 492978, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]", "page_number": 331, "title": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]", "content_text": "AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY.\n\nBANKING DEPARTMENT: Current Savings and Time Deposits in Local Currency, U.S. Dollars and Pounds Sterling; Issuance of Commercial and Travelers Letters of Credit; Collection of Drafts, Bills, Notes or Deposits Sale of Money Orders, Drafts, Cable and Mail Payments; Foreign Money Bought and Sold; Liberty Bonds Cashed; American Express Company Travellers Cheques.\n\nSHIPPING DEPARTMENT: Forwarding of Import and Export Shipments, Parcels, Baggage, Bullion, and Securities; Freight and Express Consignments in large or small lots between all parts of the world; Marine Insurance; American Express Company Through Bills of Lading.\n\nTRAVEL DEPARTMENT:\n\nTHE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.\n\nSATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 1922.\n\nBANKS.\n\nSHIPPING NEWS\n\nThe following local shipping and mail intelligence has been corrected to noon to-day-\n\nVessel Pres. Wilson Dover M. Indien Kueichow Morioka M.\n\nMylie Kaiping Szechuan Hangsang Laibang Georgii Westfalen\n\nfor\n\nVessel Mohon\n\nReliable information planning trips, Tours or Cruises anywhere; Sale of Steamship, Railway, Sight Seeing Guide Tickets at regular Tariff rates; Baggage Insurance; Hotel Reservations.\n\nA COMPLETE WORLD-WIDE BANKING, SHIPPING AND TRAVEL SERVICE.\n\nDevorongis Yue Ying Wa Shizunka M. Shape Alabama M. Morioka M. Kiungchow Triseng Poolee\n\nYat Shing Kaijo M. Victoria Hangsang Dzufac\n\nVessels Arrived.\n\nAgents Pacific Mail Dodwell John Manners 8 & 8 NYK Moller & Co. Sing Kee B & S JH & Co. Wo Fat Sing Arnhold Bros.\n\nAgents Yue Woo OSK Yuan Seng Fat Chrong Bat NYK B & S OSK NYK B & S J M & Co. Hung Shun J M & Co. OSK\n\nFrom 8. Frisco via Manila Chinwantao Shanghai Canton Taikoo Dock Kow. Whf.\n\nASIA BANKING CORPORATION.\n\n(An American Bank for trade with the Far East.)\n\nOwned by group of American Banks and under the control of the New York State Banking Department and the Federal Reserve Bank.\n\nComplete banking facilities incident to foreign trade. Travellers Checks of the American Bankers' Association and the Guaranty Trust Company of New York, negotiable throughout the world, for Sale and Encashment with us.\n\nHEAD OFFICE:\n\nMooring Eow. Whf B 55 ▲ 52 Yokohamaa via Moji Saison C 36 Haiphong via Pukhoi Canton C 39 B. 19 C 35 Calcutta via S'pore Canton Kow. Whf. C 16 Bolt's Whf. Shanghai\n\nBRANCHES Canton Tientsin Hankow Peking Bremen via S'pore\n\nClearances.\n\nVessel\n\nWhere Bound\n\nDeparture. Sept.\n\nTerrane Yokohama vis S'hai Canton Hoihow hi Besttla via Keely Shanghai via Amoy Tacoma via Dairen Calcutta Amoy via Swatow Saigon Fort Bayard \" 6'hai via Swatow 1st Oct. Keelung Melbourne via Sandakan J M & UG. Tongtro via Swatow \" Bangkok via Swatow China Aut.\n\nImpending Departures.\n\n(Compiled from our Shipping Advertisements.)\n\nJ M Co. Destination Tientsin Singapore Sailing Date 1st Oct. let New York\n\nBRANCH: San Francisco. HEAD OFFICE FOR THE ORIENT: THE CHINA SPECIE BANK LTD.\n\nHEAD OFFICE: Manila Singapore D. M. BIGGAR, Manager.\n\nTHE BANK OF CHINA.\n\nTHE HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION. HEAD OFFICE HONGKONG. Paid-up Capital Reserve Funde:- Sterling ... Silver $20,000,00 £4,500,000 $23,500,000\n\nkocezve Limbliday of Proprionezu § 29.800,000.0\n\nDODAT OF DIRECTURE G. M. Dodwall, Eng.-Obama. Hon. Mr. A. O. Lang-Deputy ChairmN. DG. K. Borzard goa, Mr. B. V. D. Parz A. M. Bower Smith, Eng W. L. Pattonden. Be G.T.K. Edkins, B. B. P. Waits. Be P. E. Holyoak . Cute! Manny): A. G. STITHES, Reg Manager: Abazyba! ——9, B. Mun Bes\n\nLONDON BANK: LONDON COUNTY WESTMINATION PARK'S BANK, LIMITED\n\nCurrens aconas opened is Leeal Barret and Fixed Depoaths recorved far on your i borter perioda a Losal Ourrapay and Òsterling na termi which will be quoted on appliest)00\n\nHongkong, 20th February, 1922 (Specially authorized by Pres- idential Mandate of the Republic HONGKONO SAVINGS BANK St. George's Building, Hongkong. of China on the 22nd of Novem- ber, 1917.)\n\nChairman of Board of Directors Mr. Wong Shiu Ham Chief Manager... Mr. L.S. Holum Asst. Manager... Mr. K. T. Wong Hongkong Manager. Mr. I. P. Allen Foreign exchange and general hanking business transacted.\n\nCurrent, Savings, and Fixed deposits bear interests at rates 2% 4% and 5% per annum re- spectively.\n\nL. S. HOLUM.\n\nChief Manager Hongkong, 2nd October. 1920\n\nNEDERLANDSCHE HANDEL MAATSCHAPPIJ.\n\n'KITHERLANDE TRADING SQUINTY,)\n\nBablished 1834 100,000, 8,333,333\n\nPaid-up Capital1:19 446,200 £1,620.433 Reserve Fund....... ....................... Spacial Laser F1.22 650,000 21,889,333\n\nHead Offer:—Amsterdam' Branches at The Hague Botterdam - Brad Agency :--Batąpia BRANCHES Pekalongan Tebing Ting RearijeraİD Knokeres Bandoent Bombay Medan Padang Bingapura Boerabal Borzakarta Caloutta Palemban (Boin) Due Hongkong Cheribon Djember Prong (Dell) lot Oct. Djokjakarta Pontiana Int Kobe Rangooz Telok Betong 2nd Rota-Radja Bamarang Tjilatjup Shanghai 2nd örd 7th\n\nVessel Agents Stanley Benmohr Alps Maru Westfalen Free Claims Goods Storage to be Stored Expires In by A L Kowloon Sept. 29 Oct. 24 GL & Co. Kowloon Oct. 4 Oct. 18 Oct 4 OSK Kowloon Oct. 4 Oct, 8 Wed. & Saturday RD Co. Holt' Oct. 6 Oct. 19 Oct. 5\n\nExamina tion Date Sept 28\n\nSteamers' Movements.\n\nLaomedon for London. Rotterdam and Hamburg. left Shanghai ou 27th inst for this port, dne here on 30th p m and will be despatched at 4 pm. un 2nd October Protesilaus from Pacific Porte. arrived at Yokohama 28th instant. Mentor arrived at London on 27th September.\n\n!Ange Weltevreden Correspondents at Colombo, Madras Pondi oberry, Bangkok. Baigon, Haiphong, Hanoi. Amoy, Yokohama, Belbourne, Sydney, New Tork, San Francisco, ets,, ete.\n\nLondon Bankers: The National Provimajai, and Union Bank of England, Limited.\n\nThe Bank bays and sells and receive for collection Bills of Ezcbenge, issum tottera <1 credit on a Branches and correspondents the East, the Continent, in Great Britain. America and Australia and transsets banking business of every description.\n\nW. B, GRONKAMP.\n\nAgent.\n\nBANQUE DE L'INDO-CHINE (FRENCH BANK.)\n\nHead Onos: 96 Boulevard Hausamana, Pazin, Ginyo M. arrived at Yokohama on September 20th., and sails October 2nd for Capital - Honolulu, San Francisco and South Americk.\n\nMilan, Sept. 29. A hundred and forty-four bodies of victims have been recover- ed from the Spezzia explosion. More fatalities are feared. The rupted.\n\nInjured total six hundred.\n\nPOST OFFICE NOTICES.\n\nHongkong Kengtze Noumes Papeets Peking Paom-Pent Pondicherry\n\nBANKERS.\n\nBhaure Tientsin Tour Do Vladivostook Yuankolo\n\nReserves Frabos 45,000,000 50,000,000\n\nBRANCHEA AND AGENGJES.\n\nBangkok Bairon\n\nTelegraphic Communications with Gap Rock and Waglen Lighthouses are inter-\n\nINWARD MAILS.\n\nambang Djibout! Haiphong Jankow Надоб\n\nFrom Per Duo Haiphong Azay Le Rideau ..30th Sept. Shanghai.. Kanchow ...30th\n\nRESTRICTION OF RUBBER OUTPUT.\n\nLondon, Sept. 29. A supplementary report of the Colonial Office Rubber mittee is to be issued shortly. It is anticipated it will restriction of output in British overses possessions.\n\nEurope via Suez (Letters only, London Shanghai... favour Jupan 31st Aug.) Com-Australia & Manila\n\nLaisang ...30th Taiyuan lat Oct. Suiyang + 2nd Arafura Sicilia President Grant F ... 2nd 3rd\n\nOUTWARD MAILS.\n\nPer\n\nMOORISH BRIGAND SURRENDERS.\n\nSan Sebastian, Sept. 27,\n\nThe Minister for Foreign Affairs announces the surrender of the brigand Raisuli, who has caused considerable trouble for\n\nEurope via Buen (Papers only, London 31st Aug) Canada, U.S.A, Japan & Shanghai\n\nPor Swatow. Amoy & Kestung...\n\nmany years.\n\nIRISH POSTAL STRIKE SETTLED.\n\nLondon, Sept. 29.\n\nThe Irish postal strike, which has been in operation for several weeks, was settled yesterday.\n\nTO KEEP WELL IN\n\nGAMBLING WITH THE DOLE.\n\nTwo men out of number before the Durham\n\nTHE HEAT\n\ndaily regularity\n\nthe charged first importance, and to ensure\n\nCounty magistrates with gaming\n\nja\n\nof\n\nthis Pinkettes are perfection. These gentle little\n\nthe\n\nShanghai, N. China & Dairen Switow & Bangkok | Weikaiwei, Chefno & Tientsin\n\nShanghai & N. China... Saigon Samahur & Wnehow Straits & Egypt ... Japan\n\nSwatow ..\n\n---\n\nPhilippine Is Philippine Is. Shanghai, N. China, Japan, Honolulu, Canada, U.B. A., C. & S. America, & *Europe via San Francisco...\n\n+++\n\nadmitted that they had been swatow, Amoy & Foochow receiving laxatives\n\nunemployment Straits & Calcutta \"dole,\" as well as Poor Law relief Shanghai & N. China. The chairman said it was a dis Haiphong, Saigon, Straits, Ceylon, Mauritius Marques, S. Africa, grace that people should in this.\n\nIndia via Dhanuskhodi. Aden, Egypt & Europe via Marseilles...\n\nPINKETTES\n\nway waste money received from- the Government for the upkeep\n\ndispel constipation, regulate the of themselves and family. In\n\nKaijo M.... Arabia M. Kiangau ... Kueichow Szechnen... Haiyang.. Kochow ... Laomedon\n\nLaisang ... 17th\n\nDate :OCTOBER: -\n\n| IN FRANCE: Comptoir National d'Emom! de Paris Credit Lyonnais; Banqu de Paris et dra Pays-Bas; Credit Industrial et Commercial Boiacte Generale.\n\nIN LONDON: The National Provinais sad Union Bank of England Ltd., Comp toir National d'Escompte de Paris; Credit Lyonnais.\n\nIN NEW YORʦ J. P. Bogna 3 M\n\nInterest allowed on Current Accounts and Fixed Deposita scuording to arrangement.\n\nEvery description of banking and exchange business transacted\n\n7. MARSOT,\n\nAoking Manager.\n\n...Sun., 1 inst., 9 a m. Hongkong, October 21st, 1918. ...Sun.. 1 inst., 9 a.m ...Sun.. inst., 9am. ...San 1 inst., 9 a.m. ...Sun., 1 inat, 9am. ...Mon., 1 inst., 9 a m. ... Sun.. 1 inst. 10 a.m. .Mon., 2 inst. 10 30 a m\n\nTHE MERCANTILE BANK OF\n\n.. Mon., 2 inst.. ? 30 p.m Hydrangos......Man.. 2 inat. 3.30 pm.\n\n......Mon, 2 inst., 5 pm Slavic Prince ...Tues., 3 inst., 9 a m\n\nTyndareos\n\nPresident Wilson... Tnes, Jinat..\n\nRegistration 9.15 a.m. Letters 10 a m (Due San Francisco 25th Oct)\n\n...Tues., 3 inst., noon.\n\n..Tuee, 3 inst\n\n1. PD ...Tuse., 3 inst, 2 p.m\n\nHaifong Kutsang Kanchow\n\n---\n\nAngkor...\n\nliver, cuce bilious attacks, sick future the magistrates thought Bangkok... headaches, bad breath, costed that all similar cases should be\n\nPhilippine Islands Iloilo, Sandakan. tongue, clear the skin of pimples taken under the Vagrancy Act, and blotches. Of chemists, or so that offenders could be sent to post free, 60 cents the vial, trom prison for three months. Fines Dr. Williams' Medicine Co., 96 were imposed ranging from £2 to Szechuen Road, Shanghai. 1£5.\n\n---\n\n..1nen. 3 inat\n\nINDIA, LIMITED.\n\nSend Offna 11, Ornenshurst\n\n#treat. Lozdon, 8. 0 1.\n\nAuthorised (apita) Aubearibed Capital Paid Up Capital Reveres Fund\n\n£3,000,000\n\n-\n\n-\n\n1,000,000 2.860,000 1.150,000\n\nDAVIERS\n\nThe Bank of Haglund The London Jolat City & Midlang Bank, Lad BS.ANCHE:- Bombay Calcutta Colombo Dalbi Galle Яoogkons Howend Kandy\n\nRegistration 145 pm. Port Louis (nurtsins)\n\nLettera 230 pm. (Due Marseilles 7th Nov) Doen Samud...Tues., 3itat, 4.30 pm\n\nKarachil Kota Bhere Kuala Lump Madra New Yorl Perang Kangoon Bbanghe\n\nBingapore HONGKONG BRANCH Every deseription of Banking and brabange business transmoked.\n\nInterest allowed on Current Accounts at 8 per vent per annum on Daily Balanses, and on Fized Deposits at rates which may ba asceptained application.\n\nN. C. WILSON, Aoting pagar,\n\nAustralia & New Zealand via Thura- day Islands\n\nArafura...\n\n---\n\n*Correspondance hearing vansel's name only.\n\n... Wed 4 inst.. Registration 8 15 a.m. Letter's ga.m (Due Thursday Islands 19 Oct.)\n\n1, Queen's Road Central. Hongbong, 17th, January, 1822\n\nAuthorized Capital..$60,000,000.00 Paid up Capital...... 18,278,600.00 Reserve Funds...... 9,629,425.24\n\nHEAD OFFICE PEKING Hongkong Branch: 4 Queen's Road, Central.\n\nBranches and Bub-branches all over China other parts of the world\n\nThe business of the above hana ɔs soudbase by the HONGKONG AND SHANGHA! BANKIN CORPORATION.\n\nAndes may be obtained an appurasi-D INTEREST on inwe\n\nCorporation, on th\n\nMinimum monthly balanges at $34 rer aona\n\nFor the Honghong sad wager Barbra\n\nA. H. BARLOW, Acting Chief Manage\n\nand Correspondenta in Kurope, America, and THE CHARTERED BANK OF\n\nINDIA, AUSTRALIA AND\n\nLondos Bankera:-The National Provincial and Calon Bank of England, Ltd The Guaranty Trust Company of New York. New Tork Bankers:-The Irving National Banka. The Puitable Trust Company of New Yor]\n\nCHINA.\n\nIzaorporated by Boval Chan 12\n\nInterest allowed on Current Accounts and Fixed Deposits. Terms on application Evary description of Banking Business traD RESERVE LIABILITY OF\n\nnoted\n\nLosas granted on approved neuritics Special failities for Home Exobangs.\n\nTSUYEE PEI\n\nManager.\n\nPAID-UP CAPITAL_ RESERVE FUND PROPRIETORE\n\n£1,700,00\n\n43.000.\n\nFOREIGN PICHANG) and Beneral hol\n\ning bugle transacted,\n\nCURRENT ACCOUNTS +paned and PIN DEPOSITO rapeived for 1 year or sborist person atste which will be quoted on naplisation\n\nJ. LICROCKATT.\n\nManage).\n\nTHE BANK OF EAST ASIA, Hongkong, 1st January, 1914.\n\nLIMITED.\n\nHEAD OFFICE No. 10 Des Voeux Road Central, Established 1919.\n\nAUTHORISED CAPITAL 1. CAPITAL.\n\n20,908.00% 00\n\nRESERTS FUND) mátti várnak meg§- 300,000.00\n\nDIRECTORS:\n\n2. Pong Way Ting, ChaIEDAS\n\nHOL. Mr. Chow Shan Son. Mr. Kan Ying Pu\n\nM Loon Chua,\n\nMr Fox Play Bhas\n\nMY P. K. Kwok,\n\n*. Thang Linh\n\nMr. Buyab Tal\n\nMr. Mck Ching Kong.\n\nMr. Wong Yun Tong, Mr. Cha Ching dhok, Mr. Kan Obiz Nam.\n\nDale Manager Mr. Kon Tong Pn. Loss. Manager, Mr. Li Tu Pong\n\nBRANCHES & AGENCIES:- NEW YORK LONDON PARIS SHANGHAI XOBE NAGASAKI SINGAPOR TIENTSIN MANILA\n\nSAMARANG CALCUTTA SAN FRANCISCO YOKOHAMA SAIGON PENANG HANKOW BATAVIA SOURABAYA BOMBAY CANTON\n\nLinden Backers: ---The London Joins Ühty and Midland Bank, Ltd.\n\nEvery description of Banking and Exchange business transacted. Loans granted on approved securities.\n\nInterest allowed on Current Deposit Account at the rate of Two per oost. per annum on Bav Ingi Asanunt Four per deni, por ananu, sad on Fixed Deponiis at the following ratan:-\n\nFor a month at the rate of 3% per annum For montbe at the rate of 4% por ana Foz 10 mostbe the rate of 6% per\n\nIAN TONG PO.\n\nBongbong, Marab Mh. 1991\n\nÜbiof Mangor.\n\nTHE FUTIEN BANK,\n\n2. Connaught Road, Central\n\nGeneral Banking and Exobange Business Transacted, Losas Granted O Approved Becurities\n\nInterest of Fixed Deposits— For 12 months... For\n\nmontbe .....\n\nFor 3 months.\n\n--% per annum,\n\n3% per annum.\n\n2% per aIELD,\n\nUn Demand Current Avvounts :-\n\n2% per annum on the Daily Credit Balakene of over $100, )\n\nLA CHEE YA.\n\nManager\n\nTHE INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL BANK, LTD.\n\nNo, 6. Des Voeux Road HONGKONG.\n\nBANK OF CANTON\n\nLIMITED\n\nHEAD OFFICE, HONGKONG\n\nFOREIGN EXCHANGE D General Banking BURIDAR Transacted.\n\nINTEREST ON PIXEI DEPOSITS.\n\nFor 12 Months 5% per annum, For 6 Months 4% per annum For 3 Months 3% per annum. On Demand 2% per annum\n\nCURRENT ACCOUNTS\n\n2% per annum on the daií credit balances of over $100.00\n\nLOOK POON SHAN,\n\nChief Manager.\n\nTHE YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANKELT)\n\nBataulinand 1800 Cupita) (fully paid ny) — Reserve Fund\n\nBatavia Y 200.000 - 2. $.000.00\n\nBRAD OPPION, TOKORAMA Brushes and agensis N Bombay Buenos A7zm Calcutta Changchun Dairen (Dalny)\n\nKai Ines Tube Loydas Los Angeles Mantin Lyons Fengties Makdan Nagasaki\n\nHamburg Hankow Honolul Tokyo Harbin Nagoy Newchwang Draks\n\nZARZDOR Bo de Jaarl Bnerabeys Baigos Ban Fransi Beattie bangbal Bingapor Bbtmomon\n\nSydney New York Tienki TUBANIA\n\nPeking Vladivoston Thington\n\nInterest silowed on Current Asconais, Deposits received for hyed period\n\nba obtained on application.\n\n2. KIDHYAMA\n\nMasajul,\n\nBongo. 11th September 1922.\n\nINTERNATIONAL BANKING CORPORATION.\n\nU. $18,000, DEN U. B 5,458,15 G. B. I D80, 11\n\nCAPITAL AND SURPLUS: CNDIVIDED PROFITS: RESERVE FOR DIVIDENDS: (Owned by the National City Bank of New York)\n\nHOAD OPPION; 60 Wall Stroms. NEW YORK BRANOMES. LONDON: 36 Bishopsgas, L. C. LYONS: 37 Pisos Tolosas BAN FRANCISCO; 232 Montgomery Struer CHINA: Canton, Bankow, Harbin, Hongkong\n\nPeking Bbanghai, TrenseLD, DOMINICAN REPUBLIO: Kurrió Plana Sez Pedro de Macoria, Banobus Baguays Banto Domingo, Karamona, San Fran eino de Mooris Chatar INDIA: Bombay, Calausts, Rangoon\n\nTHE INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL BANK, LIMITED\n\nHead Offee-York Building, Boad, Hongkong.\n\nBranches :--\n\nit hanghai and Hankow. Correspondents in all qummerajai denizen\n\n■China and abroad JAPAN: Kobe, Yokohama. BAVA: Batavia, BouraonYN PANAMA: Colon, PanaIDE. PHILIPPINE 18LANDS: Onbu, Malin. of SPAIN: Barcelona, Madrid,\n\nSTRAITH SETTLEMENTS : Singapore,\n\nBRANCHEM OF THE NATIONAL STY BANK OF NEW YORK, ARGENTINA: Buenos Altos, koenzie- BELGIUM: Antwerp, brassek,\n\nPrompt Service. Attractive rates för all kinds of DepoHILD, Inquiries are welcoma,\n\nS. Y. HSUEH,\n\nManager.\n\nTHE CHINESE MERCHANTS BANK. LTD.,\n\n醬精飓有行账\n\nLO\n\nAlexandra Bulld'ap1. Chster Boad\n\nDozera and Exebunga busimon\n\ntronasutad.\n\n| HEa2kl. Paranobus, form Amen. Bao Janeiro, Bancos, Ban Panic\n\nCHILE: Bantingu, Valparaino\n\nCUBA Bavana sod 22 səsinə in Cuba. ENGLAND: adaa.\n\nITALY:\n\nPERU: L\n\nPORTO 100: Pobus, dan Juna.\n\nRUSSIA: Mosenw, Forzigrad, (emporarily closed).\n\nURUGUAY: Mosterides VENEZULLA. Luznomi\n\nDADZIDO Pinshine tras\n\nAll descriptione di autod. Loans granted on approved suvarities.\n\nInterest allowed on surrent and satis Current Accounts opraad sad Fixed Deposits accounts and fixed deposita in joom va foreigi rseeived a rator which may be assortaimed ourrondins al raïme to be kerurteaned on applièw on application.\n\nThe Ban als conduct a Bavings Depart\n\nmeni.\n\nC. LAD. Chief Manaдет\n\n1105,\n\nGLURGY BOGG\n\nMaunger.\n\nHorford September, 30th. 1,22", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 492979, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]", "page_number": 332, "title": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]", "content_text": "PACIFIC SHIPPING.\n\nCANADIAN PACIFIC STEAMSHIPS LIMITED\n\nHOME VIA CANADA\n\nHongkong to England\n\nShanghai, Nagasaki, Kobe, Yokohama, Vancouver & Montreal.\n\nTHE HONGKONG DOLLAR TELEGRAPH.\n\nSATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 1922.\n\nSAILINGS FROM HONGKONG.\n\nFor Baltimore via Genoa, Marseilles, Boston and New York. S.S. DIANA DOLLAR 1st November\n\nFor New York via Genoa, Marseilles, Boston and New York.\n\nPACIFIC SHIPPING.\n\nCHINA MAIL S.S. CO., LTD.\n\n(Incorporated in U.S.A.) OPERATING FAST FREIGHT AND PASSENGER STEAMERS\n\nAN UNSURPASSED HIGH CLASS PASSENGER SERVICE.\n\nFIRST CLASS FARE TO EUROPEAN PORTS\n\nMinimum Rate U.S.G. $577.07 Maximum Rate U.S.G. $620.56 First Class Accommodation Throughout.\n\nTrans-Pacific Service\n\nHONGKONG TO SAN FRANCISCO, Via Shanghai, Nagasaki, Yokohama & Honolulu\n\n \n NILE\n S. MANKING\n S.S. CHINA\n November 27th.\n \n \n From Hongkong\n Vancouver\n From Canada\n England\n \n \n Empress of Australia\n Oct. 25\n Nov. 17\n \n \n \n Empress of France\n Minnedosa\n 30th Sept\n Oct 31\n Nov. 6\n \n \n \n Nov. 2\n Nov. 18\n Dec 4\n \n \n Empress of Australia\n Nov. 30\n Dec 18\n \n \n \n Empress of France\n Dec 12\n Dec. 19\n \n \n \n Empress of Scotland\n Dec 25\n Jan. 3\n \n \n \n \n Jan. 17\n Jan 24\n \n \n\nFor Los Angeles, San Francisco and Vancouver. S.S. HAROLD DOLLAR... 25th October.\n\nS.S. September 30th.\n\nFor Rates and Particulars Apply to\n\nCANADIAN PACIFIC STEAMSHIPS, LIMITED.\n\nHongkong Office Tel. Central 732. Cable Address GACANPAC.\n\nTOYO KISEN KAISHA\n\nReduced Fare to Europe U.S.G$620.50 First Class Throughout.\n\nHONGKONG TO SAN FRANCISCO\n\nVIA SHANGHAI, THE ISLAND SEA JAPAN & HONOLULU.\n\nTHE PATHWAY OF THE SUN,\n\n \n TENYO M.\n 22,000\n Oct. 4. 4 p.m.\n \n \n KOREA M.\n 20,600\n Oct 18.\n \n \n SHINYO M.\n 22,000\n Nov. 21\n \n \n SIBERIA M.\n 20,000\n Nov. 13.\n \n \n TAIYO M.\n 22,000\n Nov. 26.\n \n\nCalling at Dairen.\n\nCalling at Keelung\n\nSOUTH AMERICAN LINE.\n\nHONGKONG TO VALPARAISO,\n\nMANILA, KEELUNG, JAPAN HONOLULU, HILO, SAN FRANCISCO SAN PEDRO, MANZANILLO, BALBOA, CALLAO\n\nMOLLENDO ARICA, & IQUIQUE\n\nTHENCE BY TRANS-ANDEAN RAILWAY TO BUENOS AYRES.\n\n \n ANYO MARU\n 18,000\n Oct. 18th.\n \n \n SEIYO MARU.\n (Omit Keelung)\n 14,000\n Nov. 19th.\n \n \n RAKUYO MARU,\n Citing call at Keelung.\n 17,500\n Jan 10th\n \n\nJAPAN-HONGKONG-JAVA SERVICE\n\nBETWEEN Kobe, Moji, Dairen, Hongkong, Batavia, Samarang & Sourabaya\n\n \n Steamer.\n Destination.\n \n \n PERSIA MARU\n Java\n \n \n PERSIA MARU\n Keelung. Moji, Kobe.\n \n\nNEW YORK LINE.\n\n(Freight Only)\n\nVIA SAIGON, JAVA AND SUEZ.\n\n \n Steamer.\n Tons.\n Leaving Hongkong.\n \n \n KEIYO MARU\n 12,000\n November 25th.\n \n \n WOYO MARU\n 12,000\n December 15th.\n \n\nFor full information regarding passengers, freight\n\nY. TSUTSUMI, Manager Tel. Central Nos, 2374 & 2375, Messrs. T E. GRIFFITH, LTD\n\nKing's Building Agents at Canton.\n\nSTRUTHERS & BARRY.\n\nManaging Agents-United States Shipping Board\n\nEXPRESS FREIGHT SERVICE.\n\nTO LOS ANGELES & SAN FRANCISCO FROM HONGKONG BY DIRECT ROUTE.\n\n \n 'Dewey'\n Due Hongkong 24th Oct.\n Leaves Hongkong 26th Oct,\n \n \n 'Elkridge'\n Due Hongkong 6th Nov.\n Leaves Hongkong 8th Nov,\n \n\nARGO ACCEPTED FOR TRANSHIPMENT AT SAN FRANCISCO TO WEEKLY SAILINGS FOR ATLANTIC SEABOARD PORTS.\n\nTHROUGH BILLS OF LADING ISSUED TO U.S. & CANADIAN OVERLAND POINTS TO MANILA, SAIGON, SINGAPORE, BATAVIA, SAMARANG AND SOURABAYA.\n\nFor Full Information apply to\n\nSTRUTHERS & BARRY,\n\nL. EVERETT. General Agent for Japan-China-Philippines-Indo-China-Straits & Java.\n\n1st Floor, Powell's Building, Phone Central No. 3008.\n\nC. P. PRAI, Agent.\n\nYAMASHITA KISEN KAISHA.\n\n(THE YAMASHITA S.S. Co, Ltd.)\n\nREGULAR FREIGHT PASSENGER SERVICE KEELUNG, HONG KONG & HAIPHONG\n\nSailing from Hongkong.\n\nFOR HAIPHONG via Haihow & Pakhoi\n\nS.S. TAIKWA MARU\n\nTHE ROBERT DOLLAR CO.\n\nNORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD\n\nREGULAR FREIGHT AND PASSENGER SERVICE\n\nON THE BERTH FOR--\n\nPORT SAID, ROTTERDAM, HAMBURG, BREMEN\n\nS.S. WESTFALEN...\n\nSailing in October\n\nFor particulars Regarding Rates and Bookings Apply to\n\nTHE ROBERT DOLLAR CO.\n\nTel. Central 793-792 Gen. P. O. Building. Third Floor\n\nADMIRAL LINE\n\nPACIFIC STEAMSHIP COMPANY Operating the following U.S. Shipping Board Steamers.\n\nSEATTLE & VICTORIA SERVICE-COURTESY-SPEED. PASSENGER & FREIGHT\n\nOctober 23rd.\n\nJAVA SERVICE\n\nHONGKONG TO AMOY, SINGAPORE & JAVA PORTS\n\nS.S GURJISTAN, To Swatow & Amoy.\n\nS.S. ARMANESTAN. To Amoy and Swatow.\n\nS.S. GORJISTAN. To Singapore, Batavia, Samarang and Sourabaya.\n\nS.S. ARMANESTAN. To Singapore, Batavia, Samarang and Sourabaya.\n\nFAST FREIGHT SERVICE Through Bill of Lading issued to all ports in United States & Canada\n\nCargo accepted on Through Bills of Lading for transhipment at San Francisco to weekly sailings for principal Atlantic Ports.\n\nCHINA MAIL STEAMSHIP CO. LTD.\n\n'XINUES BUILDING, TRUEPHONE. Passenger Dept.\n\nCentral No. 1934,\n\nIO HOUSE STREET. TEL.. FREIGHT DEPT. & Agent.\n\nCentral No. 2161.\n\nCable add. \"CHIMAIL\"\n\nBOSTON & NEW YORK,\n\n\"BLUE FUNNEL.\"\n\nJoint service of the\n\nOCEAN S.S. Co., Ld., & China Mutual S.N. Co., Ld.\n\nAND\n\nAMERICAN & MANCHURIAN LINE\n\n(Ellerman & Bucknall S.S. Co., Ld.)\n\n \n S.S. ANTILOCHUS\n via Suez Canal\n 5th Oct.\n \n \n S.S. CITY OF MELBOURNE\n via Suez Canal\n 15th Oct.\n \n \n S.S. BELLEROPHON\n via Suez Canal\n 25th Oct\n \n \n S.S. KENTUCKY\n via Suez Canal\n 5th Nov\n \n\n\"Leamore proceed via Suez Canal or Panama Cardoso Subject to change without notice\"\n\nFor freight and particulars apply to\n\nBUTTERFIELD & SWIRE or THE BANK LINE, LD, HONGKONG.\n\nJohn Swire & Sons, Ltd)\n\nHONGKONG & CANTON\n\nREISS & CO.\n\nCANTON\n\nMESSAGERIES MARITIMES\n\nSERVICE CONTRACTUELS.\n\n(Mail service under contract with the French Government)\n\n \n Steamer & Dispacement\n Sailing Date\n Ports\n \n \n PORTHOS\n \n Fort-Said.\n \n \n ANGKOR\n \n \n \n \n ANGERS\n \n \n \n \n AZAY LE RIDE\n U 15 000\n On or about\n Vis Suez\n \n\nS.S. President Jackson .. For Seattle\n\nPresident Grant For Seattle\n\nPresident Jefferson.. For Seattle\n\nSPECIAL THROUGH RATE TO EUROPE G.$620,5 1,\n\nSailings every 14 days.\n\nVia Shanghai, Kobe and Yokohama.\n\n \n From Hongkong\n Arrive Seattle\n \n \n Oct. 5,\n Oct. 24.\n \n \n Oct. 19.\n Nov. 7.\n \n \n Nov. 2.\n Nov. 21.\n \n\nMANILA SERVICE.\n\nS.S. President Grant\n\nPresident Jefferson\n\nPresident Madison\n\nNov. 6,\n\nSAIGON, SINGAPORE & SOURABAYA.\n\nS.S. LAKE FARRAR...\n\nOct. 3.\n\nThrough Bills of Lading to all United States and Canadian Overland Points; also via Panama Canal Lines to Atlantic Ports.\n\nPassengers and Freight Particulars, apply to\n\nTHE ADMIRAL LINE PASSENGER OFFICE.\n\nTels. Central 2477 & 2478..\n\nI.K. & Shanghai Bank Building, 4, Des Voeux Rd. C., G. Floor.\n\nSERVICE TO NEW YORK.\n\nNEW YORK and/or BOSTON via PANAMA,\n\n \n Da mialamt dat\n 15 000\n On or at t\n \n \n 20 bun\n \n \n \n \n COMMERCIAL LINE.\n Frau Port Leivues,\n LT. ST. LOUBERT BIE\n \n \n Havr. Dankie and\n LT. de MISSI~Y\n Antwerp\n \n \n (MEINAM\n COM. RAMEL I\n almont 29th Sentember\n \n \n mid October\n 1st part.\n November 1st part.\n \n \n ALSO SERVICE TO BORDEAUX,\n \n \n \n\nFor futur particular, etc. apply to\n\nCONSIGNATION-TRANSIT—\n\nREPRESENTATION.\n\nTelephone Central No. 740.\n\nA. JOBARD,\n\nActing Agent Queen's Building.\n\nCOMMERCIAL NEWS.\n\nPESSIMISTIC TONE IN GERMANY.\n\nThe Reicherb itsblatt (German State Labour Gazette) contains the following:\n\nForeign orders considerably fallen off in April and May; the number of reports from West and South Germany of the successful penetration of foreign competition into the domestic market is steadily growing England, France, Belgium, Switzerland and Holland have in many Cases underbid the German industry in the domestic market, not only in coal, but also in iron, textile goods, glassware etc, and this at a time when the growing incapacitation of the purchasing power of wide classes of population already threatened the domestic consumption of the German industry.\n\nPRUSSIAN MINISTER ON TRADE DIFFICULTIES\n\nMr. Severin.. Home Secretary Prussia recently visited Stettin. where he declared a speech to a gathering of Govern. ors and Mayors of the province: In the nearest time the industry will have to pass through the same difficult conditions as in 1917 1919 Even should the stabilization of the mark be achieved, we shall not be able for many years to come to compete in World market\n\nA SINKIANG PORT.\n\nThe Chinese Government is reported to be considering a recommendation from the Governor that T...r:si be open-ed as a commercial port.\n\nTHE HONGKONG & WHAMPOA DOCK CO., LTD.\n\nTELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS : \"MANIFESTO \" HONGKONG.\n\nCodes used: A. A.B.C. Fifth Edition). Engineering, First and Second Edition.\n\nWestern Union and Watkins, Betties and Marconi\n\nDork Owners, Ship Builders, Marine and Land Engineers, Boiler Makers.\n\nIron and Brass Founders, Forge Masters, Electricians\n\nS.S. SATSUMA\n\nmenu spaer about October 15 a portuar app to\n\nKowloon Docks\n\nBARBER STEAMSHIP LINE INC.\n\nTHE ADMIRAL LINE\n\nAGENT\n\n4. Des Voeux Rd, C., HK, & S'hai Bats Bldg, Ground Floor.\n\nCentral\n\nKONINKLYKE PAKETVAART MAATSCHAPPIJ.\n\n(Royal Packet Navigation Co. of Batavia)\n\nTHE STEAMSHIP:\n\n“VAN OVERSTRATEN'\n\nwill be despatched 1st October to SINGAPORE PENANO and BELAWAN DELI\n\nOffers excellent Saloon accommodation All lower berths\n\non or about 2nd Oct.\n\nEnglish cuisine\n\non or about 2nd Oct.\n\nFOR KEELUNG via Swatow & Amoy\n\nS.S \"HOZUI MARU\"\n\nFor further particulars, please apply to-\n\nBranch Office.\n\n37, Bonham Strand. West Tel. Central No. 155.\n\nS. MITARAI, AGENT, Top Floor, King's Building,\n\nTel. Central No. 140.\n\nJAVA CHINA JAPAN LIJN.\n\nYork Building,\n\nChater Road\n\nTelephone Central N. 1571.\n\nLaunch of Oil Tanker \"PALUDINA The Anglo-Saxon Petroleum Co. Ltd..\n\nPlease Address Enquiries to the Chief Manager.\n\nR.M. DYER. B.Sc., M.IN.A.. KOWLOON PONT (HONGKONG)\n\nPage 150", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 493652, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "page_number": 43, "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "content_text": "40\n\n: £\n\nPrepared opium were prohibited. Conditions as to the keeping of records of transactions and other matters were also imposed. For the purpose of the Regulation, an authorized person meant a duly qualified medical practitioner, a registered dentist, a registered veterinary surgeon, a person, firm or body corporate carrying on the retail business of a chemist and druggist under the Pharmacy Acts, or a person holding a general or special permit to purchase or be in possession of the drug. These two measures for the first time placed the cocaine and opium traffic in the United Kingdom under effective control, and put great difficulties in the way of their being smuggled into other countries.\n\nTowards the end of the war, a difficult situation arose in connection with the export of morphine. As a result of the war, largely increased quantities of morphine were required by the Allies, while at the same time the German supplies of morphine, which before the war were very large, were cut off. Further, the supplies of Turkish and Persian opium, which in normal times are the raw material from which morphine is manufactured, were either cut off in the case of Turkey or endangered in the case of Persia. It became necessary, therefore, to take steps to ensure an adequate supply of opium, and arrangements were made with the Indian Government to send large quantities of Indian opium to England, to be used in the manufacture of morphine. (Indian opium is not normally used for the manufacture of morphine on account of its lower morphine content.) Very large quantities of this morphine were supplied to our Allies. In 1916-17, the attention of the Government was drawn to the fact that large quantities of morphia were being exported to Japan and that there were grounds for believing that much of this British-made morphia was being smuggled from Japan into China. Accordingly, in 1917, it was decided that no licences should be granted for the export either of morphine or of cocaine to Japan, except when a certificate was produced from the Japanese authorities that the consignment applied for was for actual consumption in Japan (or in Dairen and vicinity) and would be used for medicinal purposes only. A notice to this effect was published in the Times of 10th October, 1917.\n\nAs a result of this system, exports of morphia to Japan rapidly decreased, falling from 550,000 ozs. in 1917 to 36,500 ozs. in 1918, and 5,686 ozs. in 1919.* The figures for 1920 and 1921 were 6 ozs. and 320 ozs. respectively. Exports of cocaine fell to practically nil. Exports to the United States of America then began to rise rapidly, increasing from 29,700 ozs. in 1917 to 58,000 ozs. in 1918, and 219,722 ozs. in 1919.* An arrangement was accordingly made with the United States Government for the introduction of a similar system of Government certificates, and the adoption of this system was immediately followed by a great drop in the exports from the United Kingdom to America, the figures for 1920 being 9,021 ozs. It was also thought desirable to introduce a similar system of certificates in respect of Canada, which helped to guard against any illicit entry of morphia into the United States via the Canadian frontier. This arrangement also produced very satisfactory results.\n\n* These are the amounts licensed to export and include exports through the post. In comparing the figures with the Customs returns, it must be remembered that the latter do not include exports through the post.\n\nIn 1919, a similar arrangement was introduced with regard to exports of morphia to France.\n\nIt was obvious, however, that piecemeal arrangements of this kind would only divert and not stop the traffic. At the end of 1919, the Board of Trade, who were then the licensing authority, reported that large quantities of morphia had recently been imported by Switzerland from the United Kingdom, and that sudden rises had also taken place in the exports to Belgium, Denmark, Cuba, and other countries. H.M. Government accordingly decided to approach all foreign governments with a view to the adoption of similar arrangements. Negotiations for the purpose have been carried on up to the present time, and agreements have been reached with a number of countries.\n\nThe progress of these negotiations has not been as rapid as the British Government had hoped, and, in the meantime, a careful watch has been kept on the quantities proposed to be exported to different countries. They have frequently experienced considerable difficulty, however, in connection with applications for export licences, in deciding whether the amount applied for could be regarded as being fairly within the legitimate medical requirements of the country concerned. Generally speaking, they have followed what may be described as a rationing system in cases where amounts seemed excessive, and where there was no guarantee from the Government of the importing country that the amount was actually required for medical or scientific purposes. In respect of morphine, which is the drug with which the trade of the United Kingdom is mainly concerned, a ration of 1 grain per annum per head of population has been taken roughly as the basis. The method, of course, is at the best a very imperfect makeshift. There is no definite guide at present as to what are the legitimate requirements of any country for the drugs, and no means of knowing what quantities are being imported from other countries besides Great Britain.\n\nIsolated action by one country can have no permanent effect on the international traffic while other countries allow free import and export of the drugs. Experience shows that the trade tends to be diverted to the latter countries (see below under Part V). This has been strikingly illustrated recently by the rise of exports of Turkish and Persian opium to the Far East, which has followed on the reduction of exports from India.\n\nPART III.—THE TREATIES OF PEACE.\n\nAt the end of 1918, with the cessation of hostilities and the opening of peace negotiations, the question of putting into effect the International Opium Convention of 1912 again came to the fore. In a note addressed by the Ambassador of the United States of America to the British Government in Aug 1918, it was proposed that the Allied Powers should declare their intention of putting the Convention into effect.\n\n(B 3/325)\n\n248.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 493681, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "page_number": 72, "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "content_text": "4\n\nprepared opium were prohibited. Conditions as to the keeping of records of transactions and other matters were also imposed. For the purpose of the Regulation an authorized person meant a duly qualified medical practitioner, a registered dentist, a registered veterinary surgeon, a person, firm or body corporate carrying on the retail business of a chemist and druggist under the Pharmacy Acts, or a person holding a general or special permit to purchase or be in possession of the drug. These two measures for the first time placed the cocaine and opium traffic in the United Kingdom under effective control, and put great difficulties in the way of their being smuggled into other countries.\n\nTowards the end of the war a difficult situation arose in connection with the export of morphine. As a result of the war, largely increased quantities of morphine were required by the Allies, while at the same time the German supplies of morphine, which before the war were very large, were cut off. Further, the supplies of Turkish and Persian opium, which in normal times are the raw material from which morphine is manufactured, were either cut off in the case of Turkey or endangered in the case of Persia. It became necessary, therefore, to take steps to ensure an adequate supply of opium, and arrangements were made with the Indian Government to send large quantities of Indian opium to England, to be used in the manufacture of morphine, (Indian opium is not normally used for the manufacture of morphine on account of its lower morphine content.) Very large quantities of this morphine were supplied to our Allies. In 1916-17 the attention of the Government was drawn to the fact that large quantities of morphia were being exported to Japan and that there were grounds for believing that much of this British-made morphia was being smuggled from Japan into China. Accordingly, in 1917, it was decided that no licences should be granted for the export either of morphine or of cocaine to Japan, except when a certificate was produced from the Japanese authorities that the consignment applied for was for actual consumption in Japan (or in Dairen and vicinity) and would be used for medicinal purposes only. A notice to this effect was published in the Times of 10th October, 1917.\n\nAs a result of this system, exports of morphia to Japan rapidly decreased, falling from 550,000 ozs. in 1917 to 36,500 ozs. in 1918, and 5,686 ozs. in 1919.* The figures for 1920 and 1921 were 64 ozs. and 320 ozs. respectively. Exports of cocaine fell to practically nil. Exports to the United States of America then began to rise rapidly, increasing from 29,700 ozs. in 1917 to 58,000 ozs. in 1918, and 219,722 ozs. in 1919.* An arrangement was accordingly made with the United States Government for the introduction of a similar system of Government certificates, and the adoption of this system was immediately followed by a great drop in the exports from the United Kingdom to America, the figures for 1920 being 9,021 oz. It was\n\n* These are the amounts licensed for export and include exports through the post. In comparing the figures with the Customs returns, it must be remembered that the latter do not include exports through the post.\n\n5\n\nalso thought desirable to introduce a similar system of certificates in respect of Canada, which helped to guard against any illicit entry of morphia into the United States via the Canadian frontier. This arrangement also produced very satisfactory results.\n\nIn 1919 a similar arrangement was introduced with regard to exports of morphia to France.\n\nIt was obvious, however, that piecemeal arrangements of this kind would only divert and not stop the traffic. At the end of 1919 the Board of Trade, who were then the licensing authority, reported that large quantities of morphia had recently been imported by Switzerland from the United Kingdom, and that sudden rises had also taken place in the exports to Belgium, Denmark, Cuba and other countries. H.M. Government accordingly decided to approach all foreign governments with a view to the adoption of similar arrangements. Negotiations for the purpose have been carried on up to the present time, and agreements have been reached with a number of countries.\n\nThe progress of these negotiations has not been as rapid as the British Government had hoped, and, in the meantime, a careful watch has been kept on the quantities proposed to be exported to different countries. They have frequently experienced considerable difficulty, however, in connection with applications for export licences, in deciding whether the amount applied for could be regarded as being fairly within the legitimate medical requirements of the country concerned. Generally speaking, they have followed what may be described as a rationing system in cases where amounts seemed excessive, and where there was no guarantee from the Government of the importing country that the amount was actually required for medical or scientific purposes. In respect of morphine, which is the drug with which the trade of the United Kingdom is mainly concerned, a ration of grain per annum per head of population has been taken roughly as the basis. The method, of course, is at the best a very imperfect make-shift. There is no definite guide at present as to what are the legitimate requirements of any country for the drugs, and no means of knowing what quantities are being imported from other countries besides Great Britain.\n\nIsolated action by one country can have no permanent effect on the international traffic while other countries allow free import and export of the drugs. Experience shows that the trade tends to be diverted to the latter countries (see below under Part V). This has been strikingly illustrated recently by the rise of exports of Turkish and Persian opium to the Far East, which has followed on the reduction of exports from India.\n\nPART III. THE TREATIES OF PEACE,\n\nAt the end of 1918, with the cessation of hostilities and the opening of peace negotiations, the question of putting into effect the International Opium Convention of 1912 again came to the fore. In a note addressed by the Ambassador of the United States of America to the British Government in August, 1918, it was proposed that the Allied Powers should declare their intention of putting the Convention\n\n(B 3/325)", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 493954, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "page_number": 345, "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "content_text": "24\n\nFrench-perhaps we may even establish entirely French institutions of learning. The famous German university of Shanghai, which has been changed since the war into a Franco-Chinese institution, seems clearly marked out to become an important centre of French culture in China. In China, as well as in Paris, we shall seek to make our efforts felt in the intellectual domain. We have no idea of establishing anything like French domination in China. What we desire is to safeguard our moral interests. This, in my estimation, is the best way to achieve that economic alliance between France and China which it will be necessary for us to form with the Chinese Republic if we are to maintain the position in the Far East which we occupied there before the war.\n\nM. Painlevé was asked whether he would co-operate in his work with the missionaries in China. \"We do not underestimate the services rendered by them to the cause of France,\" he replied, \"and we shall work in harmony with them, though we think that instruction by French laymen teachers is at present absolutely necessary.\"\n\nGermany. Before the war, the Germans had realised the importance of the education of Chinese, and were operating about a dozen schools in the Shanghai, Hankow, and Kwangtung districts, chief of which was the German engineering and medical school at Shanghai, which provided for about 570 students, and the German-Chinese high school at Tsingtao, which provided for about 520 students. An ambitious and interesting outline for a German school system for China is given in \"A Memorial for the Advancement of German Interests in China,\" issued by the German Association of Shanghai, April 1918 (reprinted in \"Democracy and the Eastern Question\" by T. F. Millard, pp. 432-440). This scheme involves an initial expense of 2,514,000 dollars ($250,000), and an annual expense of 1,769,250 dollars ($170,000). It would provide 9 middle schools in treaty ports, 35 mission middle schools, 5 technical schools, subsidies to 440 schools, and the maintenance of 300 students in Germany each year. This memorial gives the following useful figures with regard to foreign educational establishments actually existing in China in 1913.\n\n \n PROTESTANT MISSIONS\n \n \n \n \n Lower Schools\n Schools\n Scholars\n \n \n \n 1,445\n 32,303\n \n \n Middle and High Schools\n 241\n 4,862\n \n \n English\n \n \n \n \n \n 1,992\n 44,354\n \n \n German\n 164\n 7,552\n \n \n American\n 286\n 15,028\n \n \n \n 15\n 523\n \n \n CATHOLIC MISSIONS\n \n \n \n \n Lower\n 6,877 schools\n 126,305 scholars\n \n \n Middle and High\n 157 schools\n 6,545 scholars\n \n\nFurther, it is observed, \"The strength of English and American schools has thus far consisted more in the number than in the quality of the culture given. Moreover, these schools have wasted much valuable energy by drawing without distinction from all classes of society. We would confine ourselves to those circles which are destined to play a leading part, namely, to the upper strata of the intellectual and commercial classes, and to take into our field of endeavour only those provinces on which depend the future economic development of the country, and which produce the strongest men both in intelligence and character,\" viz., Chihli, Shantung, Shansi, Hunan, Hupeh, Szechuan, Kiangsu, Chekiang, Yunnan, and Kwangtung.\n\nThe war has killed these ambitious schemes, and the German schools in China were all closed. But a newspaper report (\"Daily Mail\" of the 27th November, 1920) announces the arrival in Berlin of twelve Chinese students, \"a new German school has already opened in Shanghai.\"\n\n25\n\nJapan. As Japan provides the nearest and cheapest way of access to occidental knowledge, it is not surprising that a large number of Chinese students, about 3,000 according to the \"Japan Year Book,\" 1920-21, are to be found in that country. Owing to the contemptuous way in which they have been treated, most of these return to China with a strong anti-Japanese bias. But the Japanese authorities are making efforts to improve these conditions. Two societies exist in Japan, supported by the Government, by the big firms, and by eminent private persons, for propagating Japanese influence in China. Of these, the Dojinkwai has established hospitals in three or four centres in China; and the Dobunkwai runs a school in Shanghai (\"Dobun-Shoin\") for Chinese and Japanese pupils. A careful educational system for Chinese is provided by the Government of the Kwangtung Leased Territory, and by the South Manchurian Railway. We know that the Japanese Government are considering the remission of the Boxer indemnity; and it is no doubt upon the availability of some such fund that ambitious Japanese educationalists are reckoning. It is reported from Japanese sources in Dairen that it is understood that the raising of the South Manchuria medical college at Mukden, and the engineering college at Port Arthur, each to the rank of a university, is only a question of time (see enclosures to Tokyo despatch No. 505 of the 3rd November, 1920).\n\nGreat Britain. The British missionary activities in China are second in importance only to the American, but, as Sir J. Jordan points out in his despatch No. 348 of the 23rd July, 1918, they are constantly hampered by \"the eternal want of pence.\" The war and the high exchange have affected them most adversely. As a result, many of the missionary educational establishments are in low water, as, for instance, the admirable Anglo-Chinese college at Tien-tsin, which, if it cannot raise large funds to place itself on a broader and more advanced basis, must accept an offer made by the American Methodist Mission to combine with them and carry on a joint school (Sir J. Jordan's despatch No. 40 of the 23rd January, 1920). Similarly, the British side of the Shantung Christian University (with its important school of medicine) is suffering from lack of funds; and there is a danger that the American side of this joint enterprise will absorb the whole institution (Sir J. Jordan's despatch No. 52 of the 30th January, 1920).\n\nOf non-missionary educational enterprises, the Hong Kong University is by far the most important. This is the only British educational institution in the Far East which confers degrees. The formation of the university was formally advocated by the Governor of Hong Kong in December 1907. Mr. H. N. Mody (afterwards Sir H. N. Mody) offered to erect the necessary buildings at a cost of 150,000 dollars (£15,000), and to contribute 30,000 dollars (£3,000) towards an endowment fund. Messrs. Butterfield and Swire also contributed £40,000 towards the fund, which before the end of 1909 had reached 1,279,164 dollars (£127,000). The university was opened on the 11th March, 1912. It cannot be called an unqualified success. It has only some 200-300 students. Of this number, one-half are from Hong Kong and British Malaya. The remainder are Chinese Government scholars; and the number of self-supporting students from China is so insignificant as to be negligible. The principal deterrents are (1) the disfavour shown by the Northern Chinese towards a South China university, (2) the high standard of English required for matriculation, (3) the comparatively expensive nature of the education, e.g., the annual cost for a student at Hong Kong is about 800 dollars (£80), or about 50% less than the Chinese Government allowance to a scholar at a foreign university abroad. Recent accounts state that the Hong Kong University, which hitherto had at any rate paid its way, showed a deficit of 715,000 dollars (£71,000) in 1919. A Government Commission urged immediate financial assistance and expressed an opinion that the university must widen its scope if it is to take its proper part in the development now in progress in China. In particular, there is felt to be a need for improvement in the medical and engineering departments. Sir Robert Ho Tung has recently made a gift of 100,000 dollars (£10,000) to the university for the endowment of workshops under the Faculty of Engineering.\n\nIn Great Britain itself, there are (according to newspapers) about 270 Chinese students.\n\nIt may not be out of place to note the Japanese system of ryugakusei (Japanese students abroad). The Japanese Government sends to each university and higher educational centre in Japan asking the principals to select their most promising students. About a hundred of these are then chosen and are given travelling fellowships. The allowance is generally 2,400 yen (£240) for Europe and the United States of America, and 1,800 yen (£180) for China. Besides the Government students, there were about 2,100 private ryugakusei in 1918. The majority go to the United States of America. (See Appendix.)\n\n[6823]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 494180, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "page_number": 572, "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "content_text": "British Consulate, Nagasaki,\n\nNovember 26, 1931.\n\n565\n\nSir,\n\nI have the honour to report that I have grounds for suspecting that the British ship \"Burrumbeet\" is being used to smuggle opium into China.\n\nThis ship arrived here on October 10 from Dairen in ballast in order to have her boilers repaired. Shortly afterwards I agreed to the discharge of the first mate on the grounds of mutual consent and a new chief officer arrived here a few days ago to replace him and was duly signed on the articles. To-day the mate came to see me and asked me to arrange for his discharge and return to Hongkong. He stated that there was something wrong about the ship and he would not sail in her. When pressed to explain what he meant he stated that he had discovered that the ship was to be used to smuggle opium into a China port.\n\nThe mate's story is as follows. The ship belonged to a Persian firm in Hongkong. She cleared from Bushire with a cargo of opium. Part of this was down in the manifest for discharge at Dairen; the remainder was not on the manifest. Arrived in the China seas, she put into Keelung, and while there was transferred by the former owners to the present owner, a Chinaman named Lau Yew alias Lou Tsau Yiu. She then went to Dairen and having developed serious boiler trouble was brought here after the opium had been landed. She is now to go back to Dairen, pick up the unmanifested opium, 600 cases or piculs the mate did not know which, and land it at some port on the China coast.\n\nThe above is the mate's story of the facts he has learned. I have no means of verifying it but I am inclined to think part at all events of it may be true.\n\nThe story was told me in confidence by the mate who asked me to arrange for his discharge. I accordingly sent for the master and told him that the mate desired his discharge. The master said that in that case he would agree. There was no demur on his part as the mate was unsatisfactory, being given to drink.\n\nThere the matter stands at the moment.\n\nI was very much struck by the master's attitude in agreeing to return the mate to Hongkong without argument or discussion. He gave me an impression, which however may be unjustified, of being anxious to avoid discussion. I consider therefore that the case merits watching.\n\nI am sending a copy of this despatch to His Majesty's Consul at Dairen and will report to Your Excellency any further facts that may come to my notice.\n\nI should have stated that the local agents are Mitsui Bussan Kaisha. The name of the former owners is Hajee Mohamed Hassan Kelazee, Hongkong.\n\nI have the honour to be, Sir,\n\nYour Excellency's most obedient, humble Servant,\n\n(SD.) OSWALD WHITE.\n\nRt. Hon. Sir C. Eliot,\n\nK.C.M.G., C.B., &c., &c..", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 495168, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7]", "page_number": 187, "title": "CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7]", "content_text": "Page 184\n\nWeltevreden, 8th May, 1923.\n\nIn reply to your letter No.642 of 16th April last, I have the honour to inform you as follows:-\n\nIn connection with the secret letter No.307/0/IV, dated 26th October 1922 from the Harbour Master at Sabang, which was sent to me by the Governor of Acheen and Dependencies, in order that I might take cognisance thereof, said Governor was asked for a report whether transhipment and transit at Sabang, as detailed thereby, had taken place before, and if so, when. In reply thereto the report was received that in 1922 transhipment had taken place on the 11th of March to Dairen, and on 16th August to Vladivostock, and transit on 28th March, 22nd April and 19th July, to Keelung, Nagasaki and Macao respectively.\n\nAlso owing to these reports, it was proposed to the Government to supplement the provisions of the Opium Traffic (Transportation) Ordinance (Dutch reads: \"Opiumaanvoer-ordonnantie\") (Collection of Ordinances 1918, No.34; 1919, Nos. 3 and 145; and 1920, No.629) in such a way that opium, not covered by an import certificate, issued by the competent authority in the place of destination, may not be discharged in a Netherlands Indian port or transhipped there, except in case of shipwreck, etc. This supplement (or addition) has meanwhile been effected by the Ordinance No.202 of 28 April 1923 (Netherlands Indian Collection of Ordinances). You will be presented with a copy of said Ordinance as soon as possible.\n\nA copy of the booklet:-\n\nTo the Consul-General for the Netherlands for South China, at Hongkong.\n\nDepartment of the Opium Monopoly\n\nHead Inspector\n\nNo.790/G.\n\nHead of the Service.\n\nPage 185", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 495169, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7]", "page_number": 188, "title": "CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7]", "content_text": ".1900 \n\n185 \n\n.-sel yel diß „nebevražia \n\nNot Jefare \n\nyloqonol! mulgo sit to trenİraqaⱭ \n\nsdcoqani baol „ecirtel asid de basƐ \n\n[ing! H$b[ to 293,5\" redési tory of vigor Hi \n\n-¡awolld? na may mahni að rconmad add avad I„dual \n\n'505.6\" rosteľ jetson sốë diku możžvemmeo nî \n\nJa tatua?! woodsaði við met? 5921 vodo#að 1966 bežná „TT\\# bne meadoå To tartoval sché yď að áron van folk gredsh \n\n„Tostedt sonezirijoo odný \n\nmergidaneză raddarle dreqet e vet busine walq madet bad vedezarte balinėsë sa anu \n\nmom drogar adlá ahetada viger ni \n\nTortoval bise \n\nžu žlomonë hen \n\n$1 bus „ozolad \n\nni žadě hovİSOUT \n\naf♪ na ossiq mudaż bad fromq 2 elu rure à „foodsovibal' of Fuaquí dithi no besa „motkaŭ of slozait de KELL \n\nodelA KIRI bom [krijk breSS ‚drzali sett \n\nMagogong new 21 jadrager sončić së prive sZLA \n\neriqő art to możalvorg erté šnamulogu od dnsverzovoð síð \n\n-:abeer stoënữ ad) sonenåbrů (nož#ndroqonurt) sit \n\n+ \n\n‚8[el BDOMENİbrů ta maiduel[eD) (\"ažánoverokr \n\njenj ml (998.0\" ‚098£ ben bernel,#Jablitreo Proqui ne vd borovos dont Pa yer,noidanijaab To annig selë nå yžbrocīdus žnožoques bacgidanand to droq nalbał brin[torlds” \n\ndramalqqam mist \n\nr2 bagrackaži od Jon \n\nsonenibro síld yď bežne??e need allthesser und (1962#2bba ze) To moltoɑllsŬ meibel besİyalətək) 599[ [begi 86 7s S05, all bine to yqoo a riž že bodrooong od Likw moŸ .(soanankbrö -:Seldood oris do vyoo ▲ „sidiunog sa noon as sonerib50 -uigo® \n\n.D\\\\DET,6\"} \n\n„entro Ntuo? To? ubmitadiga? odlé to? LatomD-Izano” and ca \n\n*Opiumaanvoerordonnantie met toelichting\" was sent to your Predecessor by my letter No.2979/R of 7th June 1919. \n\nFurther the Police at Sabang has been reinforced lately in order to better combat the smuggling, so that it is to be expected that soon the discharging and transhipment at Sabang of opium, destined to East Asia, and not covered by an import certificate, will shortly cease. \n\nFrom the above it will appear that the opium traffic via Sabang had the necessary attention of the Netherland Indian Officials already. The information asked by you from the Governor of Acheen and Dependencies by your letter addressed to him will undoubtedly be supplied to you soon direct, \n\nIn respect of the above meant transhipment and transit at Sabang, it may be stated that the Netherland Consul at Bombay informed the Netherland Indian Government that the manifest of the S.S. \"Ahmedi”, which left Bushire in December/January last the following goods appeared:- \n\nwith destination Macao:- 110 packages, each containing 4 cases of opium of 160 Engl. pounds; \n\nwith destination Keelung, Kobe and Dairen:- 74 packages, \n\neach containing 2 cases of opium of 160 Engl. pounds; \n\nand 74 packages thereof were landed at Sabang, \n\nAccording to a report received from the Governor of Acheen and Dependencies of the last lot of 74 packages 29 were shipped to Keelung by the S.S. \"Shimei Maru\", 20 to Dairen by the S.S. \"Nemwah\" and the balance to Kobe by the S.S. \"Vollenhoven\". \n\nAn individual of this town, who is interested in shipping to East Asia, stated that generally the opium is sold to persons, who come to fetch it from the ship in small craft, some distance before any port in China can be reached. \n\nI may avail myself of this opportunity to thank you for the report contained in your letter No.711 of the 24th of April last. As will appear from the above \n\nHadji", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 495171, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7]", "page_number": 190, "title": "CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7]", "content_text": "Page 381\n\n...\n\nNo.307/0 IV/gehein.\n\nOPTUM\n\n187\n\nSabang, 26th October, 1922.\n\nEvercé auriž A\n\nfrom Bushire.\n\nLately it often occurs that opium arrives here. Some vessels continue their voyage with the opium, others discharge it here wholly or partly. Declared destination Vladivostok, Dairen, Keelung (Formosa) and Macao. The vessels, lastly arrived here, had much trouble with the crews, principally the officers. These, not 1st class people, overindulge in liquor, which causes difficulties of different nature. The word \"Opium smuggler\" is then being used a great deal. Availing myself of this state of affairs, I have already learnt of many exploits of opium smuggling in the neighbourhood of Hongkong.\n\nOwner of or interested in those ships is a certain Hadji Hemazee at Hongkong. He is also the proprietor of the cargo of opium. Hemazee is the same person who, last year, started transportation of hadjis.\n\nIn the roads (or in port) are now:-\n\nTANGISTAN, opium carried, 176 chests (cases?) from Bushire, all discharged here; leaves for Fremantle and Sydney today.\n\nGENZAN MARI No.2, arrived in ballast from Hongkong; takes coal (450 tons) and about 100 chests (cases?) of opium ex Tangistan; leaves for Dairen on 28th instant.\n\nNAGASAKI, arrived from Bushire with 50 cases of opium; the opium remained on board; leaves 27th instant to Keelung.\n\nIt struck me that the Nagasaki loaded a very big quantity of coconuts.\n\nThe Governor of\n\nAcheen and its Dependencies at Koeta Radja,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 497452, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7]", "page_number": 138, "title": "CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7]", "content_text": "## 135\n\nBut we have a teen cultor to deal with. Similarly, it is notorious that the amount of opium shipped to Macao, Dairen, and Vladivostock is enormously in excess of any possible requirements for local consumption, and everybody knows that the great bulk of these shipments is intended to be smuggled into China. But, here again, I am not aware of the existence of a shred of legal evidence, and I submit that so long as the requirements of the authorities at the port of destination are complied with, there is no possibility of obtaining in any court a conviction for illicit trading.\n\n4. In order that there may be no possible doubt on the matter, I have the honour to request that the whole of the information relating to Mr. Nemazee's transactions, which is in possession of the Home Office, may be placed before the Law Officers of the Crown, and that they may be asked to advise what steps, if any, can be taken to bring him before the courts. I will take not only readily but with alacrity any steps which the Law Officers state to be possible in Hongkong. If, however, they report that there is no evidence of any offence against the law, I submit that His Majesty's Government have a very clear answer to any charge that may be brought against them at the Conference next November.\n\n5. The idea that any evidence against Mr. Nemazee can be obtained by an examination of his correspondence in Hongkong may be abandoned at once. Mr. Nemazee has been for some time resident in Shiraz, and I gather that there is no prospect of his returning to Hongkong in the near future. Obviously, the centre of his operations is in Persia, and it is wholly unnecessary for him to correspond with his firm here, now under the charge of his nephew, with regard to transactions in opium, which does not come within the waters...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-484 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1924 [1-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 498775, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924", "page_number": 446, "title": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924", "content_text": "## MINUTES\n\nI was therefore merely sent out a copy of olive Letter with the conson, state that I was not satisfied with the action taken, it can take Li M.D.\n\nMINUTES NOT TO BE WRITTEN ON THIS SIDE.\n\nAny communication on the subject of this letter should be addressed to THE UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE, HOME OFFICE, LONDON, S.W. 1, and the following number quoted: - 422,719/69.\n\nNo 61334 5.160416/23\n\nSir,\n\n17 JAN 24\n\nHOME OFFICE, WHITEHALL.\n\n15th January 1924.\n\nI am directed by Mr. Secretary Bridgeman to refer to Colonial Office letter of the 7th instant (`61337/1923`), enclosing for consideration copy of a despatch dated 3rd November from the Governor of Hong Kong.\n\nIn view of all the information that has accumulated with regard to the opium transactions of the firm of Nemazee from many quarters including the Government of Hong Kong itself, Mr. Bridgeman cannot but be extremely surprised at the view taken by the Governor that the firm appear to be carrying on a legitimate trade.\n\nMr. Bridgeman presumes that the Governor is aware that His Majesty's Government do not regard as legitimate the export of opium to any part of China, in violation of the Chinese law prohibiting such importation, (even if export is by arrangement, as suggested, with the de facto Government at the place of entry, though the Secretary of State is not aware of any evidence to support that suggestion); nor can they accept the view that the shipment of opium to places like Macao, Vladivostock and Dairen in quantities, which can only be intended for illicit traffic, even if the local formalities have been complied with, is a legitimate business which should be carried on from British Territory.\n\nThe Governor should be informed that His Majesty's Government... \n\nThe Under Secretary of State, Colonial Office.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 500434, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-489 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]", "page_number": 145, "title": "CO129-489 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]", "content_text": "# THE CANTON GAZETTE, \nWEDNESDAY, AUGUST 12 1925.\n\n## The National Commercial & Savings Bank Ltd.\n\n### CANTON BRANCH \nN. 1 cond Road, West Bund, Canton. \nTelephone No. 1860 \nHead Office: No. 169, D.s Voeux Road, Hongkong. Branches: Canton, Shanghai, Hankow & Tientsin.\n\n**Authorized Capital:** \n$5,000,000.00 \n(Registered with the Hongkong Government)\n\nMortgages, Foreign Exchanges, and General Banking business transacted. \nInterest allowed on Current and Savings Accounts and Fixed Deposits, as follows:\n\n| Type of Account | Interest Rate per annum |\n| --- | --- |\n| Fixed Deposits for 12 months | 6% |\n| Fixed Deposits for 9 months | 5 3/4% |\n| Fixed Deposits for 6 months | 5 1/2% |\n| Fixed Deposits for 3 months | 4 1/2% |\n| Current Account in Hongkong Currency | 3% |\n| Canton Subcoins | ... |\n| Savings Account | 5% per annum |\n\nRate of Interest on Special Deposits will be quoted on application.\n\n## CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS\n\n### Wanted, To Let, for Sale, to Hire, Exchange and Mart. \nBusiness and Official Notices.\n\n**Rates for Small Want Ads.** $2.00 for 3 insertions; $3.00 for 6 insertions. \n**Business and Official Notices** $4.00 an inch for 3 insertions; $6.00 for 6 insertions.\n\n### Wanted \nWANTED: 5 trained Chinese reporters for Chinese newspaper work. 2 trained translators (Chinese to English). Apply to All-China Labour Union (opposite the University) Canton from 1-3 P.M.\n\n### Customs Notification \nNo. 579.\n\n**POST OFFICE, CANTON** \nMail Notice \n**OUTWARD MAILS** \nMails for the under-mentioned Ports will be closed as follows:\n\n| Destination | Date |\n| --- | --- |\n| Hongkong, Shanghai, North and South China Ports | Daily |\n| Yuenfang | ... |\n| Japan | ... |\n\nThe Ling Nan Agricultural Mfg. Co. Ltd. \nA large shipment of dairy cattle has arrived and we are ready to supply the city community with Pure Milk. Send in your orders now. Price $1.50 per bottle. \nMain Office 24, 2nd West Bund.\n\n### NOTICE \nNOTICE is hereby given that, acting under instructions from the Officiating Inspector General of Customs, I am today handing over charge of this Office to Mr. F. HAYLEY BELL, Commissioner of Customs, Officiating.\n\nR. M. TALBOT \nActing Deputy Commissioner of Customs in charge, temporarily \nCUSTOM HOUSE, \nCanton, 8th July 1925.\n\n### Customs Notification \nNo. 580.\n\nNOTICE is hereby given that, acting under instructions from the Officiating Inspector General of Customs, I have today assumed charge of this Office.\n\nF. HAYLEY BELL \nCommissioner of Customs, Officiating. \nCUSTOM HOUSE. \nCanton, 8th July 1925.\n\n## Advertisements\n\n### Wooi Sing Shoe Factory. \n廣州會陞鞋廠 \nTHE LATEST STYLES OF FOOTWEAR FOR LADIES AND GENTLEMEN \nPRICES REASONABLE \nWAI SUN NAAM ROAD \nCANTON, CHINA \nTELEPHONE 891.\n\n### Dr. Howard S. Wong DENTIST \nOffice \n71 Tai Ping Road, South 2nd Floor \nCanton, China \n-天許生醫科牙 \n橿櫞伯酹路德一 \n\n### Dr. T. Huie, Dentist \nYat Tak Road, Canton, \nWOMAN, AND CHILD USE \nat Petter's Building. Office Hours: \n10 am to 1 p.m. \n2 p.m. to 5 p.m.\n\n### 黃滄海華洋律師 \nC. L. WONG, LL.M. \nAttorney and Counsellor at Law \nHandles all kinds of legal and litigation, \nChinese and foreign. \nOffice: 5th Floor, Messrs. Best & Co. Building \nWashington Cafe Building \nThe Bund.\n\n### The Tooth Brush \nThis is the age of prophylaxis. Experiments by dentists all over the country have proved beyond a doubt that the clean tooth stands a poor chance of decaying.\n\nA tooth brush too large for the mouth is a problem. The adult size of 90 per cent of the tooth brushes on the market is too big. \nThe fact that a person should have his teeth cleaned from four to six months by a dentist has been impressed upon the minds of the public.\n\nThe laity also know that the teeth should be brushed at least twice daily and many use a brush systematically yet even then accomplish very little towards keeping their teeth clean.\n\nThe remedy? Use of a smaller brush! \nWhen a patient inquires as to the best tooth paste to use, I never recommend any one in particular but I always advise him as to the size of the brush to use because proper manipulation means more than the toothpaste.\n\nCONTINUED.\n\n### Dr. Wm W. C. Lee \nMISSIONS BUILDING, THE BUND \n2nd Floor-elevator \nAttorney and Counsellor at Law \nHandles all kinds of legal and litigation, \nChinese and foreign.\n\n### SAVE YOUR EYES. \nGet your GLASSES from \nChinese Optical Co. \n司公鏡眼益精國中 \nRefracting and Manufacturing \nThe Modern Opticians in China \nSpecial Reduction \n... to... \nDRS. RX. WORKS \nNorth Wing Hon Road, Canton \nTelephone 868 \nHead Office: -Shanghai, \nBRANCH OFFICES: - HONGKONG, PEKING, TIENTSIN, HANKOW, TSINAN, HANGCHOW, HARBIN, NANKING, CHANGSHA, WUCHONG, MACAO, FENGTIEN & DAIREN\n\n### Dairy Farm \nCanton. \nTelephone 1044. \nDairy farm: Honglok, Honam. \nManager: P. K. FU. \nAdvisor and Inspector, Dr. W. W. Cadbury, \nCollege Physician, \nCanton Christian College.\n\n### Notice \nThe S.S. \"Bainam\" and \"Nanning\" will leave Canton for Wuchow every Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays at 8 a.m. \nFor further particulars, please apply to, \nSAI HING NAVIGATION Co. LTD. \nSha Keo.\n\n### AH FONG STUDIO. 芳阿 \nGIVE US A TRIAL. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. \nWe beg to announce to the public that we have lately added to our studio many modern inventions whereby photos taken compare favourably with Shanghai photos by well-known photographers abroad.\n\nWe have engaged experts to look after our developing, printing, and enlarging departments.\n\nWe have always on hand views of Canton as well as postcards, etc. \nEastman & Agfa films a speciality. \nProofs will be shown at our studio.\n\nJust taken NEW PANORAMA OF CANTON CITY; \nfor sale at $4.00. \nTELEPHONE No. 531 W. \nAddress: No. 1 SAI HAU STREET \nCANTON.\n\n### THE CHINESE FAMOUS \nHUI FUNG CAKES. \nThe Shing Chu Bakery \nShou Chu Bridge, Honam, Canton \n電話 2204 \nTelephone 2204\n\n### 劉體志 牙科博士 \n口嘉南樓三樓 \n現設長堤西濠 \n牙科醫館 \n\n### INWARD MAILS \nU.S.A., Japan, Shanghai & London via Canada \nLondon 2nd May & Europe via Siberia (London 8th May) \nManila \nJapan \n...\n\n### UROTROPIN \nWhat Is UROTROPIN? \nUROTROPIN was introduced by the well-known German Prof. D. Nicolaier and has been recognized as one of the best remedies for the urinary organs.\n\nThe tablets as well as the 40% sterilized solution for injection are known to have high effectiveness on many kinds of infectious diseases.\n\nIn cases of urinary retention resulted in post-operation, and the incessant vomiting by impregnated people, UROTROPIN offers remarkable results.\n\nManufactured by Chemische Fabrik auf Action (vorm. E. Schering) Berlin.\n\nFor samples and descriptive literatures, please apply to \nPO KEE Co. \n105c Tai Ping Road, Canton.\n\n### The Canton Engineering Construction Co. \n司公築建程工州廣 \nENGINEERS, ARCHITECTORS, AND CONTRACTORS, \nGeneral Office: 9, Cheng Hoi Road, \nTelephone: Central 950.\n\nBuilding Construction, Roads and Pavements, Bridges, Reinforced Concrete, Excavation and Filling, Bunding, and all kinds of construction works.\n\nWe carry all lines of electric supplies, building materials, and general fabrikoid goods.\n\nSatisfactory Work, Prompt Service, Reasonable Cost. \nC. T. Yeh, \nGeneral Manager and Civil Engineer.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-489 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 500512, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-489 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]", "page_number": 224, "title": "CO129-489 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]", "content_text": "# THE CANTON GAZETTE, \nMONDAY, SEPTEMBER 7, 1925.\n\n## \n**行銀央中** \n**THE CENTRAL BANK OF CHINA** \nEstablished by Government Mandate of \n7th August, 1924 \nOfficial \n**GENERAL BANKING BUSINESS TRANSACTED** \nGovernment \nDepositary \nTelephone: Central 199, 444, 777. \nTelegraph Address: \"CENTRAL\" \nTSE VUNG SOONG \nChief Manager \n\n## \n**行銀 亞東** \n**The Bank of East Asia, Ltd.** \n(CANTON BRANCH) \nSAPSAM HONG STREET, CANTON. \n\n## CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS\nThe National Commercial & Savings \nWanted, To Let, for Sale, to Hire, \nExchange and Mart. \nBusiness and Official Notices. \nRates for Small Want Ads. 25 words $2.00 for 3 insertions; $3.00 \nfor 6 insertions. \nBusiness and Official Notices $4.00 an inch for 3 insertions; \n$6.00 for 6 insertions. \n**Bank Ltd.** \nCANTON BRANCH \nNo. 1 Second Road, West Bund, Canton. \nTelephone No. 1860 \nHead Office: No. 169, Des Voeux Road, Hong Kong. Branches: Canton, Shanghai, Hankow & Tientsin. \n\n### Wanted \n**CHINESE CLERK**, \nwith knowledge of FRENCH. \nApply to Box 381 \nc/o CANTON GAZETTE \n\n## Customs Notification \nNo. 579. \nA large shipment of dairy cattle has arrived and we are ready to supply the city community \nwith Pure Milk. \nSend in your orders now. Price $1.50 per 1/2 pt. bottle. Address:- \nDOW (Registered with the Hongkong Government.) \nMortgages. Foreign Exchanges and General Banking business transacted, \nInterest allowed on Current and Savings Accounts and Fixed Deposits, as follows: — \n| Deposit Type | Interest Rate |\n| --- | --- |\n| Fixed Deposits for 12 months | 6% per annum |\n| 6 months | 5.25% per annum |\n| 3 months | 4.5% per annum |\n\n## \nHead Office-HONGKONG. \nCable Address-\"EASTABANK\" SHAMEEN. \nTelephone No.-1875 WEST. \nAuthorized Capital $10,000,000.00 \nPaid-up $5,000,000.00 \nReserve Fund $1,000,000.00 \nConducting every kind of banking facilities:- \nGranting loans on approved securities. \nSelling drafts and buying bills on Foreign countries. \nSavings Department for small depositors with reasonable interest.\n\n## \n**遼 東 * * 儲 蓄 行** \n**The Far Eastern Trust and Savings Bank Ltd.** \n34, SECOND MA LO WAI \nWEST BUND, CANTON. \nTELEPHONE No. 1379 CENTRAL \nCABLE ADDRESS \"BANKTRUST\" \nHONAM-SUB BRANCH \nTA KEE TOW \nAll descriptions of Banking Business transacted. \nInterest allowed on Current and Savings Accounts and \nFixed Deposits. \nLoans granted on approved securities.\n\n## \n**廣州興中商業儲蓄銀行** \n**THE China Development Commercial & Savings Bank, Ltd.** \nTelephone Central 732 \nAddress: West Second Bund, Canton \nGeneral Banking business transacted. \nAttractive interest rate allowed for all kinds of deposits. Loans granted on approved securities.\n\n## HOTEL \nNOTICE is hereby given that, acting under instructions from the Officiating Inspector General of \nMain Office 24, 2nd West Bund, Canton. \nCustoms, I am to-day handing over charge of this Office to Mr. F. HAYLEY BELL, Commissioner, \nDairy farms Honglok, Honam. \nof Customs, Officiating. \nManager; P. K. FU. Adviso and Inspector, Dr. W W. Cadbury, College \nR. M. TALBOT Acting Deputy Commissioner of Customs in charge, temporarily \nCUSTOM HOUSE, \nCanton, 8th July 1925.\n\n## Customs Notification \nNo. 580. \nNOTICE is hereby given that, acting under instructions from the Officiating Inspector General of Customs, \nI have to-day assumed charge of this Office. \nF. HAYLEY BELL, Commissioner of Customs, Officiating. \nCUSTOM HOUSE, \nCanton, 8th July 1925.\n\n## \n**廣州會陞鞋廠** \n**Wooi Sing Shoe Factory.** \nTHE LATEST STYLES OF FOOTWEAR FOR LADIES AND GENTLEMEN \nPRICES REASONABLE \nWAI SUN NAAM ROAD \nCANTON, CHINA \nTELEPHONE 891.\n\n## \n**Dr. Howard S. Wong** \n**DENTIST** \nOffice \nCanton, Chiu... \n一天許生醫科牙 \n槇鰷伯塋路德一 \n71 Tai Ping Road, South 2nd Floor \nWEST BUND, CANTON, \n亞洲 \nDr. T. Buie, Dentist \nYat Tak Road, Canton; \n1st Petter's Building. Office House: \n10 a.m. to 1 p.m. \n2 p.m. to 5 p.m.\n\n## \n**資搶買華洋律師商** \n**C. L. WONG, LL.M.** \nAttorney and Counsellor at Law \nHandles all kinds of legal matters \nboth Chinese and foreign. \nOffice: 5th floor, \nWashington Cafe Building \nThe Bund.\n\n## Notice \nThe S.S. \"Sainam\" and \"Nanning\" will leave Canton for Wuchow every Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays at 8 a.m. \nFor further particulars please apply to \nSAI HING NAVIGATION CO. LTD. \nSha Kee.\n\n## \n**AH FONG STUDIO.** \nGIVE US A TRIAL. \nSATISFACTION GUARANTEED. \nWe beg to announce to the public that we have lately added many modern inventions to our studio whereby photos taken by us compare favourably with photos by well-known photographers Abroad. \nWe have engaged experts to look after our developing, printing and enlarging departments. \nWe have always on hand views of Canton as well as postcards, etc. Eastman & Agfa films a speciality. \nProofs will be shown at our studio, if required. \nJust taken & NEW PANORAMA OF CANTON CITY; \nfor sale at $4.00. \nTELEPHONE No. 531 W. \nAddress: No. 1 SAI HAU STREET, \nCANTON.\n\n## \n**第一三五一般話世** \nCome and Try \n**THE CHINESE FAMOUS 3HUI FUNG CAKES.** \nThe Shing Chu Bakery \nDidge, Honam, Canton \nShou Chu. \n電話 #11 11 3 \n四老舖在廣州河南 \n成珠小甌餅 \n\n## \n| Account Type | Interest Rate |\n| --- | --- |\n| Current Account in Hongkong Currency | 3.5% per annum |\n| Savings Account | 5% per annum |\n| Special Deposits | Rate of Interest will be quoted on application |\n\n## \n**\"GOLDEN DRAGON\" CIGARETTES** \nAS THE GOLDEN DRAGON IS THE \nSUBILMEST \nAMONG \nLEGENDARY \nCREATURES \nOF \nGOLDEN DRA \nCIGARETTE \nKANYANGE FA \nHISTORY- \nSO IS THE \nGOLDEN \nDRAGON \nCIGARETTE \nMANUFACTURED \nBY US \nSmokers of High-class Cigarettes Should Insist \non \"Golden Dragon\" \nMade from a blend of the Purest Tobaccos, \nNanyang Bros. Tobacco Co., Ltd\n\n## \n**BANK OF CANTON LIMITED.** \nHEAD OFFICE, HONGKONG, \nFOREIGN EXCHANGE and BULLION BUSINESS transacted \nINTEREST ON FIXED DEPOSITS \n| Deposit Period | Interest Rate |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 Month | 5.7% per annum |\n| 3-6 Months | 4% per annum |\n| 6 Months | 4% per annum |\n| 8 Months | 3% per annum |\n| On demand | 2% per annum |\nCURRENT ACCOUNTS, \n4% per annum on the daily credit balances of over $100.00, \nLOOK POON SHAN, \nChief Manager\n\n## \n**LEADING HOTEL IN SOUTH CHINA** \nFirst Class Accommodation, Hot and Cold Water Service Throughout, Electric Lights, Fans and Elevators. \nPerfect Sanitary Arrangements. Splendid Dining Room, Meals a la Carte. Banquets, Excellent Cuisine. \nPublic Bar. First Class Billiard Room, \nRoof Garden \nSplendid Views of Canton City and Pearl River \nHairdressing Saloon. Moderate Rates. \nUNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF \nTHE SUN CO., LTD., CANTON.\n\n## \nand litigation, \nChinese and foreign. \nOffice: 5th floor, \nWashington Cafe Building \nThe Bund.\n\n## \nSAVE YOUR EYES. Get your GLASSES from \n**Chinese Optical Co.** \nPrescribing and Manufacturing \nThe Modern Opticians in China \nSpecial Reduction \n... to... \nDRS. RX. WORKS \nNorth Wing Hon Road, Canton \nTelephone 868 \nHEAD OFFICE:-- SHANGHAI. \nBRANCH OFFICES HONGKONG, PEKING, TIENTSIN, HANKOW, TSINAN, HANGCHOW, HARBIN, NANKING, \nCHANGSHA, WUCHANG, \nMACAO, FENGTIEN & DAIREN \nTelephone 2204 \n口嘉南樓三樓 \n劉體志 牙科博士 \n劉子威 牙科醫館\n\n## \n**HIGH-GRADE Job Printing** \nEXECUTED WITH \nPROMPTITUDE \nAND ACCURACY \nAT LOW COST \n**THE CANTON GAZETTE** \nPRINTERS & PUBLISHERS", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-489 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 503037, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]", "page_number": 112, "title": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]", "content_text": "Mongol Revolutionary Government\" agreed mutually to respect each other's territory. China protested in May, 1922, but without avail. Outer Mongolia is now, it seems, completely dominated by Bolshevik influence; and, according to a despatch from Mr. S.O. White, His Majesty's Consul at Dairen, dated the 13th January last, Colonel Yendo, the leader of a recent Japanese expedition into Mongolia was impressed by the degree of cohesion attained by the Government of Outer Mongolia under Russian tutelage. It was noteworthy that orders from the Central Government in Urga were effective in Ikujur. Judging from the presence of Russians and the frequent arrivals of Russian men and even women, Russian influence appeared to be strong.\n\nInner Mongolia is at present occupied by the Kuo-min-chun, of which army the \"Christian General\" Fêng Yu-hsiang is still the titular leader; and Colonel G.V.R. Steward, Military Attaché of the British Legation at Peking, reported as follows on the 15th September, 1925:-\n\n\"Considering the relations of the Soviets with Fêng Yu-hsiang and their activities in Mongolia, it is apparent that the intentions of the Soviet Government are the following:-\n\n(a) to gain complete control of the Mongolian Government, which at present is almost an accomplished fact;\n\n(b) to get the complete monopoly of all trade, import and export in Mongolia, with the exclusion of all other nationals;\n\n(c) to get the monopoly in the exploitation of the natural resources of Mongolia;\n\n(d) to gain complete control of the north-west of China, with Feng Yu-hsiang as the figurehead, to counteract the influence of Japan with Chang Tso-lin in Manchuria;\n\n(e) to make Fêng Yu-hsiang the strong man of China, and in that manner gain control over China and so strike a blow at all other interested powers\".\n\nManchuria had been practically lost to the Manchu dynasty", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 503179, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]", "page_number": 254, "title": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]", "content_text": "32\n\nYARN MARKET.\n\nJuly 21.\n\nMessrs. Polishwalla & Kotwall, cotton and yarn brokers, in their report on the Indian yarn market, state:-\n\nHongkong, July 20,\n\nSince our last report of June 21, much activity has continued in our yarn market, due to good inquiries from consuming centres, which has resulted in substantially large sales both in \"spot\" and \"to arrive\" at an advance of $2 to $5 per bale. Further demand from Yunnan has kept our market firm with an improving tendency.\n\nBombay: The rates in Bombay have also strengthened on account of Bombay mills being reported to have done fairly large forward business to September and latest quotations show higher prices than those ruling in our market.\n\nTotal Sales 4,500 bales.\n\nUnsold Stock 3,000 bales.\n\nOVERLAND CHINA MAIL\n\nTYPHOON NEWS.\n\nJuly 21. According to the direction given, the latest typhoon from the Pacific Ocean is making tracks for Hongkong.\n\nLatest reports give its position as to the South-West of the Colony, outside the 300 miles radius (of the Colony) but close to it.\n\nThe direction indicates that unless there is a deflection, it will strike land a little to the West of Hongkong.\n\nNo. 1 local signal was hoisted to-day at 12.05 p.m. This red cone, pointing upwards, means that typhoon exists which may cause a gale in Hongkong in 24 hours.\n\nThe forecast for Hongkong and coast, till noon to-morrow, is:--\n\nLight, variable winds, possibly increasing to a gale from the North-East, or North-West: fine at first, rain later.\n\nBANQUE DE L'INDO-CHINE.\n\nHEAD OFFICE:\n\n96, Boulevard Haussmann, Paris. Subscribed Capital. Frs. 72,000,000.00 Reserve Fund... Frs. 59,667,283.54 Paid-Up Capital.... Frs. 68,400,000.00\n\nBRANCHES. Bangkok Hanoi Pondicherry Bataumhang Hongkong Saigon Canton Mengine Shanghai Fort-Bayard Djibouti\n\nPapeete Haiphong Peking Hankow Foochow\n\nSingapore\n\nTientsin\n\nTourane Phnom-Penh Yunnanfu BANKERS:\n\nd'Escompte de Paris; Credit Lyonnais; IN FRANCE: Comptoir National\n\nBanque de Paris et des Pays-Bas; Credit Industriel et Commercial; Societe Generale.\n\nIN LONDON: The National Provincial & Union Bank of England, Ltd.; Comptoir National d'Escompte de Paris; Credit Lyonnais,\n\nIN NEW YORK: J. P. Morgan & Co.; French American Banking Corporation; Guaranty Trust Co. of New York.\n\nand Fixed Deposits according to arrangement.\n\nInterest allowed on Current Accounts\n\nA. LECOT,\n\nManager. Hongkong. 11th December, 1925.\n\nFor the Formosa Channel, the prediction is:--Cyclonic gales. The Observatory's mid-day report to-day says:\n\nBargains in Chinese hands, both spot and to arrive 6,500 bales.\n\nNo. 10.\n\nAssur Veerjee $157 161; Beris $150; Bradbury $162, Connaught $151; David $157; Down $156; Major Sassoon $151; Phoenix (Cow Tickets R.) $161 166 Phoenix Vase Ticket; M. $157: Presidency $146; Sun Mill $151.\n\nNo. 12.\n\nChina $163; Connaught $163; Dawn $170: Fazalbhoy $178: Moon $170:\n\nFinlay $169 170; Pubaney, various chops $168 170.\n\nShanghai: Reports show marked improvement in prices all round with better demand and a healthier tone for near future.\n\nJapanese Yarn:-A sudden big rise has scared buyers to make further purchases, while they are getting rid of their previous cheap holdings at the present advanced rates.\n\nThe following are the ruling quotations for Spot Yarn:\n\nNagasaki No. 20 $209 210; Nagasaki No. 10 $167; 3 Horses No. 26 $196; Horses No. 20 $201; Yellow Joss No. 20; $204; Setsu No. 10: $170; Setsu No. 20 $214: Blue Fish No. 12 $175: Blue Fish No. 20 $214.\n\nRaw Cotton: No Stock. Quotations: Bengal $35 to $40 per picul: Chinese $40 to $45 per picul.\n\nPrinted and published for the concerned by GEORGE WILLIAM CADE BURNETT, Managing Editor, at 5, Wyndham Street, Hongkong.\n\nPressure has increased slightly moderately over Japan, East China and Tongking. It has decreased slightly at Pratas and moderately over Formosa.\n\nThe depression over S. W. China is not so deep this morning.\n\nAt 6 this morning the typhoon was in about Lat. 20.30 N. and Long 120 E., moving W.N.W.\n\nHongkong rainfall for the 24 hours ended at 10 am. 0.71 inch. Total since January 61.73 inches, against an average of 47.05 inches.\n\nTHE BANK OF TAIWAN, LTD. (TAIWAN GINKO.)\n\nIncorporated by Special Imperial Charter, 1899. Capital Subscribed.....Yen 15,000,000 Capital (Paid-up)....Yen 10,000,000 (not 39,375,000)\n\nHEAD OFFICE:-Taipeh, Formosa.\n\nBRANCHES:\n\nJAPAN:--Tokyo, Yokohama, Kobe, Osaka.\n\nFORMOSA:--Giran, Kagi, Karenko, Keelung, Makong, Nanto, Shin-chiku, Taichu, Tainan, Takao, Tamsui, Toen, Heito, Taito.\n\nCHINA:--Amoy, Foochow, Swatow, Canton.\n\nOTHERS: Hongkong, Singapore.\n\nWarnings sent out to-day comprised:\n\n5.35 a.m.-Typhoon of unknown intensity within 60 miles of Lat. 19 N. Long. 122 E., moving W.N.W.\n\n10.10 a.m.- Typhoon of unknown intensity within 60 miles of Lat. 21 N., Long. 120 E., moving W.N.W.\n\nManila, 6 a.m.-Typhoon in Lat. 20 N., Long. 120 E., moving W.N.W.\n\nShanghai, 10.45 a.m.-Typhoon of unknown intensity within 60 miles of Lat. 20 N., Long. 121 E., moving W.N.W.\n\nLONDON BANKERS: London County Westminster and Parr's Bank,\n\nThe Bank has Correspondents in all principal cities of the world.\n\nInterest Allowed on Current Accounts and Fixed Deposits.\n\nT. TAKAGI,\n\nManager.\n\nHONGKONG BRANCH:\n\n3, Des Voeux Road Central. Hongkong, 7th May, 1926.\n\nPhone Gerrard 1746 --- Tel. \"Taiwanbk\"\n\nA. C. DISS\n\n(Late of DISS BROS, & MACKintosh, Ltd.) HONGKONG\n\nC/O CAMPBELL LATHAM & CO.\n\nTAILORS\n\n59, Conduit Street,\n\nLONDON, W1.\n\n[No. 2998. July 22, 1926.\n\nHONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION.\n\nAuthorised Capital $50,000,000\n\nPaid-up Capital $25,000,000\n\nReserve Fund Sterling $5,000,000 Silver $27,000,000\n\nContingent Liability of Proprietors $50,000,000\n\nHEAD OFFICE, HONGKONG.\n\nCOURT OF DIRECTORS:-\n\nHon. Mr. R. H. Kotewall, Chairman.\n\nHon. Mr. A. O. Lang, Deputy Chairman.\n\nW. H. Bell, Esq.\n\nA. H. Compton, Haji W. L. Paltenden, Esq.\n\nJ. J. Paterson, Esq.\n\nT. G. Weall, Esq.\n\nH. P. White, Esq.\n\nG. M. Young, Esq.\n\nKING, Chief Manager.\n\nAH Harlow, Manager.\n\nBRANCHES\n\nAMOY\n\nBANGKOK\n\nBATAVIA\n\nBOMBAY\n\nCALCUTTA\n\nCANTON\n\nCHEFOO\n\nCOLOMBO\n\nDAIREN\n\nFOOCHOW\n\nHAIPHONG\n\nHAMBURG\n\nHANKOW\n\nHARBIN\n\nKOBE\n\nKUALA LUMPUR\n\nLONDON\n\nLYONS\n\nMALACCA\n\nMANILA\n\nNAGASAKI\n\nNEW YORK\n\nPEKING\n\nPENANG\n\nRANGOON\n\nSAN FRANCISCO\n\nSHANGHAI\n\nSINGAPORE\n\nSOERABAYA\n\nTIENTSIN\n\nTOKYO\n\nTRINGTAO\n\nYOKOHAMA\n\nCurrent Accounts opened in local currency and Fixed Deposits received for one year or shorter period in Local Currency, and Sterling on terms which will be quoted on application.\n\nHongkong, 27th May, 1926\n\nHONGKONG SAVINGS BANK.\n\nThe Business of the above Bank is conducted by the HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION\n\nFOR THE HONGKONG & SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION.\n\nA. H. Barlow.\n\nHongkong, 9th May, 1926\n\nTHE BANK OF EAST ASIA, LTD.\n\nHEAD OFFICE: HONGKONG.\n\n10, Des Voeux Road Central, Hongkong.\n\nAuthorised Capital $10,000,000\n\nPaid-up Capital $5,000,000\n\nReserve Fund $1,200,000\n\nBRANCHES AND AGENCIES:-\n\nBatavia\n\nMelbourne\n\nSan Francisco\n\nYokohama\n\nSeattle\n\nBombay\n\nCalcutta\n\nNew York\n\nCanton\n\nHaiphong\n\nParis\n\nPeking\n\nKobe\n\nKowloon\n\nLondon\n\nAvila\n\nPenang\n\nSemarang\n\nShanghai\n\nSingapore\n\nSoombur\n\nTaipeh\n\nKingtsz\n\nTientsin\n\nTokyo\n\nSaigon\n\nCorrespondents in all principal cities of the world.\n\nEvery description of Banking and Exchange business transacted. Loans granted on approved securities.\n\nSAFE DEPOSIT BOXES to let.\n\nKAN TONG PO,\n\nChief Manager.\n\nHongkong, 22nd May, 1926.\n\nLOCAL SHARE MARKET.\n\nNames\n\nT.T. on London\n\nP. & O. S.N. Co.\n\nOFFICIAL QUOTATIONS.\n\nBank of East Asia\n\nUnion Insurance\n\nHONGKONG JULY 21, 1926, 10.30 a.m.\n\nHongkong\n\nStock\n\nExchange.\n\nHongkong Estate Brokers' Sharebrokers' Association.\n\nSociety.\n\nT.T. on Shanghai\n\nBanks\n\n2/24\n\n2/24\n\n75%\n\n75%\n\nnom\n\nHongkong Bank .......\n\ndo.\n\nLondon Chartered Bank .......\n\n$135 b\n\n$3\n\n$130 b\n\n$3\n\n$131 n\n\nMercantile Bank, A. & R.\n\ndo\n\nC.\n\n$204 b.\n\n$201/2 n.\n\n$30% n.\n\n$13/20.\n\n$1311/2 a\n\n$11.\n\n$13 n.\n\n$4 b\n\n$0\n\nMarine Insurances.\n\nCanton Insurance\n\n$81\n\nb.\n\nChina Underwriters....\n\n$630 h\n\n$640 a\n\n$83 b.\n\n$640\n\nNorth China Insurance..\n\n$180 b\n\n$1.80 b\n\n$1.45 n.\n\nTLAN\n\n$201 n\n\n$28\n\nb\n\n$38\n\n$40\n\n$200\n\nh.\n\n$2010\n\n$590 L\n\n$600 sa\n\n$54\n\n$24 b\n\n$264 b\n\n$24\n\n$30\n\nb.\n\n$40/.\n\n$88/.\n\nn.\n\n$6734 b\n\n$68\n\n$734 b.\n\nYangtze Insurance\n\nFire Insurances.\n\nChina Fire Insurance.\n\nA.K. Fire Insurance ...\n\nShipping.\n\nDouglases\n\nHongkong Steamboats..\n\nH.K. Tug & Lighters.\n\nIndo-Chinas (Pref.)\n\ndo. (Def.)\n\nOriental Navigation\n\nShell Transporta\n\nStar Ferries\n\nWater-boats\n\nRefineries.\n\nChina Sugar\n\nMalabon Sugars\n\nMining.\n\nFangta......\n\nKailan Mining Ad.\n\nLangkats (Combined)\n\ndo. (Single)\n\nShanghai Exploration\n\nShanghai LuAD\n\nRaubs\n\nTronoh Mines\n\nIpoh Gaspi,ans\n\nDocks, Wharves\n\nGodowns, &c.\n\nR. & K. Wharves\n\nHK. & W. Dock\n\nHongkew\n\nNew Engineerings\n\nShanghai Docks\n\nH.K. & S. Hotels\n\ndo.\n\nHongkong Lands\n\nHK. Realty\n\nFI K. Territorial\n\nR\n\n434 b\n\n$1221/2\n\n544\n\n$122\n\n54%\n\n54%\n\nT170 h\n\n170\n\n534\n\nT5.85\n\nb.\n\n119\n\n117\n\n115\n\nb\n\nZends.\n\nHotel & Bldgs.\n\n11 15 sa\n\n1.ro b\n\n14 sa\n\n651/2 b\n\n$6\n\nS\n\n5\n\n9\n\nTumphreys Estates\n\n1434 .\n\nES\n\n15 $ 14' a\n\nPrinces Building\n\n90\n\n5.\n\nRural Lands\n\n154\n\nb.\n\nCotton Mills.\n\nFawn Cottong\n\n9\n\nOrientals\n\n250\n\nShangnai Cottons (old)\n\ndo.\n\n51\n\n(new)\n\n#6\n\nMiscellaneous.\n\nCanton Ices\n\nCements (comb.)\n\nD.\n\n$6\n\nБ.\n\ndo.\n\n(old)\n\n13%\n\nП\n\n144 m.\n\n12\n\n(new)\n\nп. 13\n\n1.\n\nChina Buses\n\n2/2\n\n0.\n\nChina Lights (comb.)\n\n10%\n\n21\n\nD\n\ndo.\n\n(old)\n\n154\n\ndo.\n\n(new)\n\n12\n\n10\n\nChina Prov. Tel (comb.)\n\ndo.\n\n(old)\n\nGO. (Dew)\n\nDairy Farm\n\n16/2\n\nR.\n\nFor A Wing (full pả )\n\ndo.\n\nHongkong Amusements.\n\nIT K. Constructions\n\nHongkong Electrics\n\nF K, Developmenta\n\nH.K. Ropes (comb.)\n\nG\n\n(part\n\n111/2 n\n\nb\n\n24\n\n68 h (814 a\n\n684 b\n\n25 CIN\n\nfacts.\n\n$10\n\nS\n\nco. (old)\n\n10\n\n5.\n\n30\n\ndo.\n\n(new)\n\n5.\n\nD\n\nHongkong Tramways\n\n2534 h\n\n2534\n\nLane. Crawfords\n\n8\n\nMacao Electricn\n\n35\n\nMackintosh\n\nNanvang Tobaccos\n\nPeak Trams (old)\n\ndo.\n\nSinceres\n\nSingapore Trams\n\nTaxis\n\nUnited Asbestos\n\n(Founders)\n\ndo. (Ordinary)\n\nWatsons fold)\n\ndo. (new)\n\nWm. Powells\n\nH.K. Telephone\n\n10% n\n\n16%\n\n(new)\n\n7 to\n\nk18 brz\n\n3\n\nfoo\n\n11\n\n1234 b\n\nb\n\nb.\n\ns\n\n6\n\n$\n\n13\n\n132\n\n61/2 П\n\n5.on\n\nA.\n\n54\n\nb\n\n253\n\n252", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 503640, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-494 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [9-10]", "page_number": 136, "title": "CO129-494 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [9-10]", "content_text": "COPY\n\nENCLOSURE.\n\nMr. Consul-General Goffe to Sir Ronald Macleay.\n\nNo. 49. & 3 Copies.\n\n139\n\nApril 16th, 1926.\n\nVery Confidential.\n\nSir,\n\nOne of Tu P'ei Fu's immediate entourage, who frequently comes to see me, has at different times given me, in strictest confidence, the following information as to Tu's views,\n\n1. He is definitely opposed to the Powers granting China tariff autonomy for the simple reason that Japan, whatever she may declare outwardly, will never really accept it and will continue to foment civil war so as to render any and every Government unstable.\n\n2. The present arms scandal case in Japan is concerned with arms shipped, not to Dairen as is alleged, but to Hongkong (see my despatch No. 35 of March 22nd). He maintains that Japan is just as much responsible for the anti-British campaign in Canton as is Russia; it is Japan's desire to cripple Hongkong as a counter-blow to our Singapore naval base scheme.\n\n*\n\nThe present change of attitude on the part of Chiang Kai Shek is due to his fear of the attack which he knows will be launched against him so soon as Wu is established in Peking (see my despatch quoted above); he hopes by this means to have the moral support of\n\nSir Ronald Macleay, K.C.M.G.\n\nHis Majesty's Minister,\n\nPeking.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-494 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [9-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 505244, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926", "page_number": 510, "title": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926", "content_text": "24\n\n25\n\nbeing one of the largest opium producing provinces in China. All civil and military finances are raised from opium taxes. There has not been any compulsory cultivation, though the imposition of the so-called \"lazy tax\" of the neighbouring province of Szechuan has been mooted. Opium has always been extensively cultivated because of its market value. The two main reasons for lessened cultivation are lack of food cereals, and facilities for exportation.\n\nA correspondent writes from Central Kweichow: \"There is a falling off in this district of 7% opium cultivation due not to moral incentives but the high price of rice and wheat. Last year everyone planted opium, and left it to the other fellow to grow cereals and starvation was the result.\"\n\nKireigong. As plentiful as last year.\n\nTuu Jen. Owing to the drought of last summer farmers have been obliged to plant wheat this year. Probably only one-fourth as much opium planted. There is however enough of last year's opium left on hand to supply this year's demand. There is no compulsory cultivation, farmers have always planted because of the big profits. We have been overrun during the year with armies, this place has changed hands many times, hence great difficulty in exporting opium.\n\nTsung. A falling off in production this year in this district due to the high price of food. Opium planted in 9th and 10th month, reaped in 3rd month.\n\nTaxes: 1 ounce of opium out of every 10 ounces produced.\n\nLand tax varies with the military demands.\n\nLamp tax $1.20 a lamp each month.\n\nOpium sold at 50 cents an ounce.\n\nNumber of smoking dens in this district 2,000.\n\nOpium smokers equal 90% of adult population. Cultivation is voluntary.\n\nAuping. About three-eighths less poppy planted this season than formerly. The reason being famine last year.\n\nGovernor Pen has imposed a lamp tax of $3 a month on opium dens, and $1 a month on private lamps.\n\nKiensi, Tatung, Pichteh, Chishui and all the region under the control of General Chiu Hsi-chen, the lamp tax is not imposed but the poppy land is taxed instead.\n\nChenguan, Panghai and Szenam. Poppy not planted so extensively. Farmers cannot afford to waste their land, they must have food. Rice crop totally ruined last year.\n\nMilitary and officials are doing their best to force the cultivation of opium by imposing a heavy opium tax on all land, consequently it is feared that cultivation will be as great as formerly, when the famine scourge is passed. Two days ago an official called on me and in conversation I mentioned about China prohibiting opium, the official replied: \"Oh, that is a mere paper proclamation for the Kweichow Governor has issued strict orders throughout the province to impose the opium tax on all farmers whether they plant or not\".\n\nMANCHURIA\n\nIn the three administrative areas or provinces of Manchuria there is an extensive traffic in opium and narcotics, whilst opium is grown only in Kirin and Heilungchiang with long frontiers adjoining Russia and Korea, narcotic drugs find easy access.\n\nFengtien. There is no poppy according to reports from the following districts:\n\nChin Asien, Hsing Cheny, Swichung, Chin Hai, Hungle and I Haien. Opium is however consumed in large quantities. Most of this opium comes from the adjacent districts of Jehol.\n\nFakumen District. No opium grown; very few opium dens, mostly belonging to Japanese. Smoking is very secret, and confined to gentry and officials of whom about 20% are addicted.\n\nA certain degree of control is exerted in Southern Manchuria by the Mukden Government, nevertheless the city of Mukden is still a great centre for narcotic drugs contraband.\n\nIn the Japanese leased territory of Kuantung a Government opium monopoly exists with registration of smokers and similar laws and penalties as those in Formosa. No poppy is cultivated and the opium used is imported from Persia. The average yearly importation into Dairen for the last ten years was 32,000 lbs.\n\nKirin, The northern part of this province has been for years cultivating opium under the former Defence Commissioner, who collects opium land and smoking den taxes. Since the latter removed to Shantung, conditions have improved though by no means eliminated, because such numbers had developed the opium habit. The decrease in poppy cultivation may be judged from the following reliable reports:\n\n1922 - approximately 75,500 mou of land\n\n1923 - 84,550\n\n1924 - 43,550\n\n1925 - 28,400\n\nThis moderate estimate for 1925 would yield an average harvest of 50 tons of opium, most of which finds its way to the large cities.\n\nThis province almost touches Vladivostok on the East and the enormous traffic in Persian and Turkish opium in that port has been referred to elsewhere. Harbin is the centre for narcotic drugs from Europe, and as a cosmopolitan city its indulgence beggars description. Morphia, heroin and cocaine are used even by children,\n\nHeilungchiang. This is the northern province of Manchuria. Poppy is extensively cultivated particularly on the Russian side of the frontier. Opium is openly sold, and the smoking habit widespread.\n\nSHANSI\n\nTotal prohibition of opium and narcotics is still maintained throughout the province. The Governor General, Yen Hsi-shan, has sent us detailed reports from over 60 hsien Branches of our Association in the province, of which a few are given below as a sample.\n\nThe smuggling of both opium and morphia pills is their greatest trouble and in the event of war conditions as in 1925, smugglers become more daring. Shensi supplies most of the opium and Honan both opium and morphia.\n\nAnti-opium education is the main corrective force in the province, together with curing houses, magisterial supervision, and police suppression of smugglers. The rural method of supervision is by subdivision\n\nPage 506\n\nPage 510\n\nPage 511", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 505325, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926", "page_number": 47, "title": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926", "content_text": "Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government, and should be returned to the Foreign Office if not required for official use.\n\n44\n\nCHEMA\n\nDecypher. Mr. D'Malley, (Peking).\n\n2nd December 1926.\n\nD.\n\n9.40 p.m. 2nd December 1926.\n\nP.O.\n\nNo. 486.\n\nR. 9.0 a.m. 3rd December 1926.\n\n4271\n\nTelegrams\n\nYour telegram No.361.\n\nDifficulty in the way of your proposal has lain hitherto in objections of my colleagues rather than of Inspector General who has felt unable to sacrifice their wishes to ours. I therefore first approached United States Minister. He lent ear to your arguments which I developed fully as follows:-\n\n1. That futile protests against illegal taxes showed less weakness and exercised more restraining influence on slamming tendency of both Canton and Peking governments to disregard foreign rights. In reply, I pointed out that mild remonstrance of diplomatic body against Canton taxes had been received with ignominy and that protest followed by immediate prospect of similar taxes in Hankow; adding that I thought it unlikely that you would agree to join in similar futile protests which without your support would lose any force the unanimity of the treaty powers might, according to his ideas, have lent them. Latter point seemed to make some impression on him.\n\n2. That Hankow and Canton represented only some 17 per cent of customs receipts and that Chinese would experience insuperable difficulties in freezing out maritime customs at Shanghai, Tientsin, and Dairen where custom duties are...\n\n...ade", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 505326, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926", "page_number": 48, "title": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926", "content_text": "45 custom houses are located in foreign controlled areas. This argument has some force so far as concerns Dairen but for technical reasons it would be quite possible for Cantonese to place serious difficulties in the way of functioning of maritime customs at Shanghai and Tientsin if they were bent upon transferring its work to customs offices of their own outside settlements.\n\nJapanese Minister voiced afresh objections to what would be in effect unconditional grant of Washington sur-taxes with which you are already familiar and enquired if illegal surtaxes were regularized as you desire and Cantonese subsequently tried to double or treble them, I said in present state of flux it was useless to try to lay down rigid policy for hypothetical circumstances, but that we should all be in a less assailable position to resist such increases once we had got the so-called Washington sur-tax promise out of the way.\n\nP.O.\n\nThe position was discussed with both at great length, but their statements contained nothing new, not worth reporting in detail and give little hope of change of attitude on the part of their governments, which they are referring afresh.\n\nIt would be desirable to instruct His Majesty's Representatives at Tokyo and Washington to make urgent representations to the Japanese and United States governments, but the questions involved are so complex and technical that any detailed discussion at Tokyo and Washington would probably only lead to confusion.\n\nYou will of course realize that the maintenance of the Inspector General and customs machinery is not an argument...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 506102, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-498-14 Illicit traffic in opium and drugs 4-12-1925 - 30-11-1926", "page_number": 116, "title": "CO129-498-14 Illicit traffic in opium and drugs 4-12-1925 - 30-11-1926", "content_text": "## A SHOSEN KAISHA, LONDON.\n\n2.\n\nThe Secretary of State for Home Affairs.\n\n20th May 1926.\n\n1448279/15.\n\nThe Acid Crystals, and these Casks were consigned to Dairen. The steamer duly arrived at Singapore on the 31st May 1925 and while at that port was visited by an Officer from the Revenue Office acting upon instructions from London. The Revenue Officer proceeded to examine the 25 Casks of Carbolic Acid Crystals referred to above, and the result was that two of the Casks were found to contain inside the inner tins a quantity of Morphine. The whole 25 Casks were therefore seized by the Government Authorities at Singapore and an action set in motion against the Captain for the importation of the Drug. After representations the Singapore Government Authorities allowed the steamer to be cleared and she proceeded on her voyage to China and Japan, whilst the Government Authorities at Singapore referred the whole matter to the Home Authorities in this country for their decision. The Summons against the Captain was subsequently proceeded with at Singapore and a final judgment was given against him on the 23rd February last, when he was fined 100 Straits Dollars with costs 50 cents.\n\nWe attach for your fuller information a copy of the judgment in question.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-498-14 Illicit traffic in opium and drugs 4-12-1925 - 30-11-1926.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 506116, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-498-14 Illicit traffic in opium and drugs 4-12-1925 - 30-11-1926", "page_number": 130, "title": "CO129-498-14 Illicit traffic in opium and drugs 4-12-1925 - 30-11-1926", "content_text": "# GOVERNOR \n\n**CONFIDENTIAL** \n\nC.F `6645/26` Hong Kong \n\n13 Dominion Street, \n\n7 May, 1926 \n\nSir, \n\nI have the honour to inform you that my attention has been drawn to the fact that the Norwegian S.S. \"Prominent\" belonging to the firm of H.F. Wrangell and Company, Haugesund Norway, left Bushire on the 10th of March, carrying 445 cases containing 23302 tins of opium declared for Vladivostock. \n\nThe matter was brought to the notice of the Norwegian Government by the Secretary General of the League of Nations, who has now been informed by that Government that, in reply to a request for information, the firm of Wrangell and Company had received from their office at Hong Kong a telegram in the following terms: \n\n\"Referring to your telegram of 27th February. 'Prominent' chartered for lawful trade only. Left Bushire (Persia) 13th March. Arrived Vladivostock (via) Dairen (China) 5th April\". \n\nI understand that it means that the vessel was chartered under Charter Party dated the 15th of January, 1926 by the firm of Tong Kan of Hong Kong. \n\nYou will no doubt cause inquiries to be made into the proceedings of the Hong Kong branch of Wrangell and Company and of the firm of Tong Kan. \n\nI have the honour to be, \nSir, \n\nYour most obedient, \nhumble servant, \n\n(Signed) L.S. AMERY", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-498-14 Illicit traffic in opium and drugs 4-12-1925 - 30-11-1926.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 506790, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-499-2 Canton situation- governor's despatches 15-1-1927 - 4-2-1927", "page_number": 102, "title": "CO129-499-2 Canton situation- governor's despatches 15-1-1927 - 4-2-1927", "content_text": "## THE CENTRAL BANK OF CHINA\nEstablished by Government Mandate of 7th August, 1924\n**Official Government Depositary**\n**GENERAL BANKING BUSINESS TRANSACTED**\nTelephone: Central 199, 444, 777.\n\nTHE CANTON GAZETTE, SATURDAY, JANUARY 8, 1927\n\n## BUNGALOW TO LET\nBUNGALOW, 4 rooms, with garden, at Pakhoktung. Modern House — Sanitary Plumbing. Will be let at reasonable rent; immediate occupation. For further particulars, write to Box 931, c/o Canton Gazette.\n\n## Dr. Shun Tin Wu\nTUNGSHAN, Shameen, B.C.\nSpecial treatment for Venereal diseases. Laboratory facilities for diagnosis of Syphilis, Gonorrhoea, Leprosy, Tuberculosis. Approved diagnostic and therapeutic methods for general medicine.\nTelegraph Address: \"CENTRAL\"\n\n## TSE VUNG SOONG\nChief Manager\n\n## The Bank of East Asia, Ltd.\n(CANTON BRANCH)\nSAPSAM HONG STREET, CANTON\n88. N. Wing Hon Road, Canton City.\n\n## Dr. SHIBAKAWA\nJAPANESE DENTIST\nOffice at Shakee Road, Canton. Opposite West Bridge, Shameen.\n\nPlease apply to Box No. 925 care of Canton Gazette.\n\n## New York Co. Dry Cleaning\n150, Wai Sun Road, Canton\nWork to your Satisfaction Prices Reasonable\n\n## THE SUN Co., Ltd.\nUNIVERSAL PROVIDERS\nWEST BUND & WAI OI STREET, OLD CITY, CANTON\nIt is to your advantage to visit our Wholesale and Retail Departments. All kinds of China silk piece goods, boots and shoes, hats, outfitting, etc.\n\n### OUR PHOTOGRAPHIC ARTICLES DEPARTMENT\nRenown Cameras, Films & Chemicals, Best Terms for DEVELOPING & PRINTING\n\n## TO LET\nSuitable Offices on our third floor, Apply General Office of the said Co.\n\n## The Sun Roof Garden\nCinematograph, Different Sorts of Chinese & Foreign plays and Amusements are shown Day and Night. Admittance 20 Cents. Extra charges for Tea, Refreshments, Telescope Observation, Reserved Seats\n\n## The Bank of East Asia, Ltd.\nHEAD OFFICE-HONGKONG, SHAMEEN.\nCable Address-\" Eastabank \"\nAuthorized Capital $10,000,000.00 Paid-up $ 5,000,000.00 Reserve Fund $ 1,000,000.00\nBRANCHES & AGENCIES throughout the World. Conducting every kind of banking facilities:-- \n| Facility | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Loans | Granting loans on approved securities. |\n| Drafts and Bills | Selling draft and buying bills on Foreign countries. |\n| Savings Department | for small depositors with reasonable rates. |\n\n## The Far Eastern Trust and Savings Bank Ltd.\n34, SECOND MALOO WEST BUND, CANTON.\nTELEPHONE NO. 1379 CENTRAL CABLE ADDRESS \"BANKTRUS”\nHONAM-SUB BRANCH TA KEE TOW\nAll descriptions of Banking Business transacted.\n| Account Type | Interest Allowed |\n| --- | --- |\n| Current and Savings Accounts | Interest allowed |\n| Fixed Deposits | Interest allowed |\n| Loans | granted on approved securities. |\n\n## 亞洲大酒店\nWEST BUND, CANTON, \n**LEADING HOTEL IN SOUTH CHINA**\nFirst Class Accommodation, Hot and Cold Water Service Throughout, Electric Lights, Fans and Elevators, Perfect Sanitary Arrangements, Splendid Dining Room, Meals a la Carte, Banquets, Excellent Cuisine, Public Bar, First Class Billiard Room. Roof Garden Splendid Views of Canton City and Pearl River Hair-dressing Saloon. Moderate Rates.\n\n## UNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF THE SUN CO., LTD., CANTON.\n\n## DR. IU K. CHAN\nPHYSICIAN & SURGEON (American Returned)\nOffice Hours: 8-12 a.m. 2-6 p.m. 67 Tai Ping Road South. CANTON\n\n## MARN KWOCK DRUG Co., Ltd.\n45 & 47 Tai Ping Road South CANTON, CHINA.\n\n## Dr. S. N. HUI\nSpecial treatments to parturient females and also babies as well as midwifery, providing quarters for lying-in women.\n\n## THE SUN CINEMA PROGRAMME FOR JAN. 5th to 7th, 1927.\nHARRY GROSSMAN Presents HERBERT RAWLINSON & MARGARET MARSH in \"THE CARTER CASE\" The 1st and 2nd Episodes in 4 parts ALSO VARIOUS COMEDIES\n\n## The Sincere Co.,Ltd\nUNIVERSAL PROVIDERS\n「廠鞋靴造製器機星光\n2nd Floor, No. 53, Taiping Rd.\n\n## THE STAR LIGHT SHOE MACHINERY FACTORY\nThe most comfortable shoe in the World. Shoes that are \"Star Light\" made have quality and inside as well as out. SAVE YOUR EYES Get your GLASSES from CHINESE OPTICAL CO.\n\n## CHINESE OPTICAL CO.\nRefracting and Manufacturing The Modern Opticians in China\nNorth Wing Hon Road, Canton TELEPHONE No. C. 868\nHEAD OFFICE: SHANGHAI BRANCH OFFICE: HONGKONG, MACAO, CHANGSHA, HARBIN, TIENTSIN, CHUNGKING, HANKOW, TSINAN, DAIREN, KAIFENG, YANGCHOW, FENGTIEN, NANKING, HANGCHOW, PEKING, WUCHONG,\n\n## 永華大藥房 Wing Wah Dispensary\n\n## The Ng Wah Trust & Industrial Bank, Ltd.\nHEAD OFFICE: 370 YAT DUCK ROAD, CANTON.\nTELEPHONE: No. 310 CENTRAL. TELEGRAPH: CHINESE No. 0063\nMost favourable Interest Rate allowed. Loans granted on approved securities. Our Trust Department's Catalogue sent on application.\nWONG WOOI MAN, Chief Manager\n\n## LAI KAI HONG VACCINE LABORATORY\n號四十八百二路德登州廣行總\nPUREST CALF LYMPH prepared by Dr. Lai Kai-Hong; Registered at the Canton Bureau of Health and the Hongkong Authorities. Analysed and approved by the Sanitary Department of the Shanghai Municipal Council for use. Our products are entirely home-made goods. Cheaper for wholesale quantities.\nK. H. LAI'S VACCINE LABORATORY, Phone Central 616 No. 284, Yat Tak Maloo, Canton.\n\n## YOUNG TAI WA Dentist\nShiu Poon Yerk, Middle Wai Oi Road, Canton\n\n## NOTICE\nThe S.S. \"Sainam\" and \"Nanning\" will leave Canton for Wuchow every Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays at 8 a.m. For further particular please apply to: SAI HING NAVIGATION CO. LTD. SHA KEE The Bund, Canton\n\n## The Sincere Roof Garden Cinema PROGRAMME FOR THURSDAY TO SUNDAY Jan. 6th to 9th\nMiss S. H. Ng in \"RECONSTRUCTION OF CHINA' A Chinese Super-production 9 Reels Also COMEDIES At 12.00 A.M. and 6.30 P.M. Admittance 20 cents\n\n## Bank of Canton, Limited.\nHEAD OFFICE, HONGKONG\nFOREIGN EXCHANGE and General Banking Business Transacted\n| Deposit Type | Interest Rate |\n| --- | --- |\n| Fixed Deposits for 12 Months | 5% per annum. |\n| Fixed Deposits for 6 Months | 4% per annum. |\n| Fixed Deposits for 3 Months | 3% per annum. |\n| On demand | 20% per annum on the daily credit balances of over $100.00 |\nLOOK POON SHAN, Chief Manager", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-499-2 Canton situation- governor's despatches 15-1-1927 - 4-2-1927.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 507363, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-500-1 Canton situation- governor's despatches 18-5-1927 - 9-6-1927", "page_number": 94, "title": "CO129-500-1 Canton situation- governor's despatches 18-5-1927 - 9-6-1927", "content_text": "## THE CENTRAL BANK OF CHINA\nEstablished by Government Mandate of 7th August, 1924\n\n**Official Government Depositary**\n\nTelephone: Central 199, 444, 777. \nTelegraph Address: \"CENTRAL\"\n\nL. S. WONG \nChief Manager\n\n## 行銀亞東\n### The Bank of East Asia, Ltd.\n(CANTON BRANCH)\n\nSAPSAM HONG STREET, CANTON \nHead Office- Hongkong. \nCable Address\" Eastabank SHAMEEN.\"\n\nAuthorized Capital $10,000,000.00 Paid-up $5,000,000.00 \nTelephone No.--875 West. \nReserve Fund, $1,200,000.00\n\nForeign exchange business transacted \nSelling draft and buying bills on Foreign countries. \nBRANCHES & AGENCIES throughout the World.\n\n## 行銀蓄儲業實東遠\n### The Far Eastern Trust and Savings Bank Ltd.\n\n34, SECOND MALOO WEST BUND, CANTON. \nTELEPHONE No. 1379 CentrRAL CABLE ADDRESS \"BANKTRES\" HONAM-SUB BRANCH TA KEE TOW\n\nAll descriptions of Banking Business transacted. \nInterest allowed on Current and Savings Accounts \nFixed Deposits. \nLoans granted on approved securities.\n\n## 亞簡店\"ASIA.\"\n### LEADING HOTEL IN SOUTH CHINA\n\n廣州堤 \nTHE CANTON GAZETTE, SATURDAY, MAY 21, 1927\n\n## FOR PUBLIC AUCTION\nLarge stocks of Stencil Paper, Carbon Paper and Mineo-graph Ink. \nFor particulars, apply Gen. Affairs Department, Chungshan University, Man-ming Road, before Noon to-day.\n\n## OFFICE ROOMS TO LET\n4 adjoining office rooms, or each separate, 3rd floor, Missions Building, The Bund. \nApply to Mr. W. W. Burrel same floor.\n\n## MODERN HOUSE TO LET\n1 Large spacious house for immediate occupation, end of East Bund, known as \"Kwei Yuen, Partly furnished, all modern conveniences, garage, tennis court, and large garden. \nFor particulars and appoint-ment to view apply to H. R. BAIRT No. 16, French Concession, Shameen.\n\n## HOUSE TO LET\nHouse with every New Modern installation, situated near the Central Park: No. 33 Kut Cheung Road. \nPlease apply Mr. Wong Sze-kung, Bureau of Finance, Municipal Government, The Bund.\n\n## ELECTRIC TORCHES\nThe Winchester Co, of U.S.A. |leading electric factory, supplies more than a hundred kinds of Torches and Flashligts with a range of 1,500 feet. Prices moderate.\n\nWINCHESTER電器.廣州!甫華美五百元素缺钔代理諸君改此種出手塔百款光盤最强能躺ㄧ十美国伝打最大電手撥願 \n上海南京路止香港汪輔道中「港粵滬華美電華噐美 \nWAH MEI ELECTRIC SUPPLY CO. \nGeneral Agents, Sap Pat Po, Canton. Wai Ngoi Road Ctl., Canton. Shing Ping Street, Fatshan.\n\n## 「廠鞋靴造製器機星光\n### THE STAR LIGHT SHOE MACHINERY FACTORY\n\nThe most comfortable shoe in the China. Shues that are \nKIN HING Co. \nSpecializing in Ship chandlery and all kinds of Hardwares, Rice mill materials \"Star Light\" made best quality. \n268 West Kao Ti Sai Yue (near Wai Sin Road) CANTON CITY. \nPaints, Lubricating Oil, Camel Dr. SHIBAKAWA hair and leather belting, Boiler tubes, Brass and copper, wrought Iron pipings, Canvas, Canvas: Office at Shakee Road, Canton. and hose, Emery and machinery Opposite West Bridge, Shameen\n\n## JAPANESE DENTIST\nFirst Class Accommodation, Hot and Cold Water Service, Throughout, Electric Lights, Fans and Elevators, Perfect Sanitary Arrangements, Splendid Dining Room, Meals a la Carte, Banquets, Excellent Cuisine, Public Bar, First Class Billiard Room. \nRoof Garden Splendid Views of Canton City and Pearl River Hair-dressing Saloon. \nModerate Rates. \nUNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF THE SUN CO., LTD., CANTON.\n\n## 行銀託信業實華五\n### The Ng Wah Trust & Industrial Bank, Ltd.\n\nHEAD OFFICE: 370 YAT DUCK ROAD, CANTON, \nTELEPHONE: No. 310 CENTRAL. TELEGRAPH: CHINESE No. 0063; \nMost favourable Interest Rate allowed. \nLoans granted on approved securities. \nOur Trust Department's Catalogue sent on application. \nWONG WOOI MAN, Chief Manager.\n\n## 澳洲洋服公司\n### THE AUSTRALIAN TAILOR CO.\n\nExpert Cutting House Prices Reasonable \nTelephone W. 1223 13, Yuan Cheong Str. West Canton\n\n## MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS\nCanton Wireless Station Announcement\n\nThe Government's new wireless station (at North Parade ground) heing now in operation, the public \n司公限有新大 \nTHE SUN Co., Ltd. \nUNIVERSAL PROVIDERS \nWEST BUND & WAI OI STREET, OLD CITY CANTON\n\nIt is to your advantage to visit our Wholesale and Retail Departments. All kinds of China silk piece goods, boots and shoes, hats, outfitting, etc. \nOUR PHOTOGRAPHIC ARTICLES DEPARTMENT Renown Cameras, Films & Chemicals, Best Terms for DEVELOPING & PRINTING \nTO LET Suitable Offices on our third floor, Apply General Office of the said Co.\n\n## 塲藝遊台天司公新大\n### The Sun Roof Garden\n\nCinematograph, Different Sorts of Chinese & Foreign plays and Amusements are shown Day and Night. \nAdmittance Day 20 Cents Night 30 Cents \nExtra charges for Tea, Refreshments, Telescope Observation Special Exhibitions of Transfiguration. \nCinema. Reserved Seat3 al \nTHE SUN CINEMA PROGRAMME FOR MAY, 15th. to 18tb. 1927 \nHOW WOO FILM CORPORATION SHANGHAI \"HER Presents TSEW CHING HAH in RETURNING MIND \" A Chinese Drama In Ten Big Reels ALSO VARIOUS COMEDIES\n\n## 司公限有施先\n### Sincere Co., Ltd\n\nis hereby notified that the Wireless Universal Providers Administration is prepared to receive and transmit official and commercial messages according to the regulations of the Ministry of Communications of the Nationalist Government. \nE. 341 Wai Ngoi | Maloo *Phone C. 1498 CANTON\n\n## SAVE YOUR EYES\nGet your GLASSES from CHINESE OPTICAL CO. \n司公鏡眼益點國中 Refracting and Manufacturing The Modern Opticians in China \nNorth Wing Hon Road, Canton TELEPHONE No. C. 868\n\n## HEAD OFTEN ANCH SHAN HA DYSTRY\nare Wireless messages are received and transmitted between Canton and Wuchang, Shanghai, Foochow, Nan-king, etc, by day and night service. \nMessages for transmission despatched immediately, without delay. Senders are requested to apply at the office of the administration, \nBUSINESS OFFICE OF CANTON WIRELESS STATION, No. 50 (old number) Second Bund (Yee Maloo), Nam-kwan. Canton, April 7, 1927.\n\n## 漢昌呂宋烟公司\n### HON CHEONG TOBACCO CO.\nHIGH-CLASS CIGARS\n\nThe Hon Cheong Tobacco Co. MACAO, CHANGSHA, HARBIN, TIENTSIN, are manufacturers of the highest CHUNGKING, HANKOW, TSINAN, DAIREN, KAIFENG, YANGCHOW, FENGTIFN, NANKING, HANGCHOW, PERING, WUCHONG\n\n## 西醫陳耀佳\n### Dr. Iu K. Chan\nPHYSICIAN & SURGEON (American Returned)\n\nOffice Hours: 8- 12 a.m. 2-6 p.m. 67 Tai Ping Road South, CANTON\n\n## 房燊安華\n### Wah On Drugs\n\nSupi Sam Hong, CANTON, CHINA\n\nclass cigars in Canton. The cigars made by us are from the best tobacco leaf obtainable in the Orient. We have a branch office in Manila, P. I. and are ready to receive orders for any quantities. Our cigars are stocked in boxes of 50's and 100's. \nOur Head Office is situated on 339 Yat Tak Road, Canton.\n\n## 生醫五修許\n### Dr. S. N. HUI\n\nSpecial treatments 10 par turient females and also babies as well as midwifery, providing quarters for lying in women. 2nd Floor, No. 53, Taiping Rd South, Canton.\n\n## The Sincere Roof Garden Cinema\nA PROGRAMME FOR Thursday to Sunday, MAY 19th to 22nd. 1927. \nFAMOUS CHINESE PICTURE MISS CHENG HAI LON in \"THE RESTORE TREASURE In 9 Parts At 12.00 A.M. and 7.00 P.M. \nAdmittance 20 cents\n\n## 行銀東廣辦商\n### Bank of Canton, Limited.\n\nHEAD OFFICE, HONGKONG \nFOREIGN EXCHANGE and General Banking Business Transacted \nINTEREST ON FIXED DEPOSITS. \nFor 12 Months 5% per annum. \nFor 6 Months 4% per annuin. \nFor 3 Months 3% per annum. \nOo denso 20% per annum. \nCURRENT ACCOUNTS. \n2% per annum on the Idaiy credit balances of over $100.00 \nLOOK POON SHIAN, Chief Manager", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-500-1 Canton situation- governor's despatches 18-5-1927 - 9-6-1927.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 511533, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-505-4 Labour situation in Canton and effect on Hong Kong- Labour Advisory Board 27-1-1927 - 31-8-1927", "page_number": 24, "title": "CO129-505-4 Labour situation in Canton and effect on Hong Kong- Labour Advisory Board 27-1-1927 - 31-8-1927", "content_text": "24 \n\n4 \n\n行銀央中 \n\nTHE CENTRAL BANK OF CHINA Established by Government Mandate of \n\n7th August, 1924 \n\nOfficial \n\nGovernment \n\nGENERAL BANKING BUSINESS \n\nDepositary \n\nTRANSACTED \n\nTelephone Central 199, 444, 777. \n\nTelegraph Address: \"CENTRAL” \n\nL. S. WONG \n\nChief Manager \n\n行銀 \n\n亞東 \n\nThe Bank of East Asia, Ltd. \n\n(CANTON BRANCH) \n\nSAPSAM HONG STREET, CANTON \n\nTHE CANTON GAZETTE, MONDAY, MAY 23, 1927 \n\nOFFICE ROOMS TO LET \n\n4 adjoining office rooms, or, separate, 3rd floor, Missions each Building, The Bund. \n\nApply to Mr. W. W. Burrel same floor. \n\nMODERN HOUSE TO LET \n\nLarge spacious house for immediate occupation, end of \n\nEast Bund, known as \"Kwei \n\nYuen,\" Partly furnished, all modern conveniences, garage, tennis court, and large garden. \n\nFor particulars and appoint-\n\nment to view apply to \n\nH. R. BAIRT \n\nNo. 16, French Concession, \n\nShameen. \n\nHOUSE TO LET \n\n-->\n\nnear the Central Park: No. 33 \n\nNew House with \n\nevery \n\nModern installation, \n\nsituated \n\nHead Office-Hongkong. \n\nCable Address-\" Eastabank \n\nSHAMEEN.\" \n\nナラ \n\nAuthorized Capital, $10,000,000.00 Paid-up \n\n$ 5,000,000.00 \n\nKut Cheung Road. \n\nTelephone No.--875 West. \n\nReserve Fund, \n\n$ 1,200,000.00; \n\nForeign exchange business transacted \n\nSelling draft and buying bills on Foreign countries. \n\nBRANCHES & AGENCIES throughout the World. \n\n行銀蓄儲業實東遠 \n\nThe Far Eastern Trust and \n\nSavings Bank Ltd. \n\n34, SECOND MALOO \n\nWEST BUND, CANTON. \n\nTELEPHONE NO. 1379 CENTRAL CABLE ADDRESS \"BANKTRUS\" \n\nHONAM-SUB BRANCH \n\nTA KEE TOW \n\nAll descriptions of Banking Business transacted. \n\nInterest allowed on Current and Savings Accounts and \n\nFixed Deposits. \n\nLoans granted on approved securities. \n\nj \n\n21 \n\n店 \n\nHOTEL \"ASIA.\" \n\nWEST BUND, CANTON. \n\nLEADING HOTEL IN SOUTH CHINA \n\n廣 \n\nJH \n\n堤 \n\nFirst Class Accommodation, Hot and Cold Water Service Throughout, Electric Lights, Fans and Elevators, Perfect \n\nSanitary Arrangements, Splendid Dining Room, Meals a \n\nla Carte, Banquets, Excellent Cuisine, Public Bar, First Class Billiard Room. \n\nRoof Garden \n\nSplendid Views of Canton City and Pearl River \n\nHair-dressing Saloon. Moderate Rates. \n\nUNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF \n\nTHE SUN CO., LTD., CANTON. \n\n行銀託信業實華五 \n\nThe Ng Wah Trust & Industrial \n\nBank, Ltd. \n\nHEAD OFFICE: 370 YAT DUCK ROAD, CANTON, \n\nTELEPHONE: No. 310 CENTRAL. TELEGRAPH: CHINESE No. 0063 j \n\nMost favourable Interest Rate allowed. \n\nLoans granted on approved securities. \n\nOur Trust Department's Catalogue sent on application. \n\nWONG WOOL MAN, \n\nChief Manager. \n\nPlease apply \n\nMr. Wong Sze-kung, \n\nBureau of Finance, \n\nMunicipal Government, \n\nThe Bund. \n\n「店金li項雜鐵銅興建 \n\nKIN HING Co. \n\nSpecializing in \n\nShip chandlery and all kinds of Hardwares, Rice mill materials Paints, Lubricating Oil, Camel hair and leather belting, Boiler tubes, Brass and copper, wrought Iron pipings, Canvas, Canvas hose, Emery and machinery parts. \n\nTelephone W. 1223 \n\n13, Yuan Cheong Str. West \n\nCanton \n\n澳洲洋服公司 \n\nTHE AUSTRALIAN TAILOR CO. \n\nExpert Cutting House \n\nELECTRIC TORCHES \n\nThe Winchester Co, of U.S.A. \n\nleading electric factory, supplies \n\nmore than a hundred kinds of Torches and Flashligts with a \n\nof 1,500 feet. range \n\n Prices moderate. \n\nWINCHESTER \n\nIED 48 \n\n華美 \n\n上海南京路 \n\n出手燈画百教學欸光線最强能材 \n\n日港粵滬華美行藝 \n\n愛+弱 \n\n電華 \n\n噐美 \n\nWAH MEI ELECTRIC \n\nSUPPLY CO. \n\nGeneral Agents, \n\nSap Pat Po, Canton. \n\nWai Ngoi Road Ct., Canton. \n\nShing Ping Street, Fatshan. \n\n廠鞋靴造製器機星光 THE STAR LIGHT SHOE MACHINERY FACTORY \n\nThe most comfortable shoe in the China. Shoes that are \"Star Light\" made best quality. \n\n268 West Kao Ti Sai Yue \n\n(near Wai Sin Road) CANTON CITY. \n\nDr. SHIBAKAWA \n\nJAPANESE DENTIST \n\nOffice at Shakee Road, Canton. \n\nOpposite West Bridge, Shameen' MINISTRY OF \n\nCOMMUNICATIONS \n\nCanton Wireless Station \n\nAnnouncement \n\nThe Government's new wireless station (at North Parade ground) being now in operation, the public is hereby notified that the Wireless Prices Reasonable Administration is prepared to \n\nreceive and transmit official and commercial messages according to the regulations of the Ministry of Communications of the Nationalist Government. \n\nE. 341 Wai Ngoi- \n\nMaloo \n\n*Phone C. 1498 \n\nCANTON \n\nSAVE YOUR EYES \n\nGet your GLASSES from CHINESE OPTICAL CO. \n\n司公鏡眼益精國中 Refracting and Manufacturing The Modern Opticians in \n\nChina \n\nNorth Wing Hon Road, Canton TELEPHONE No. C. 868 \n\nFI \n\n.יזיז \n\nH \n\nMACAO, CHANGSHA, HARBIN, TIENTSIN, CHUNGKING, HANKOW, TSINAN, \n\nDAIREN, KAIFENG, YANGCHOW, \n\nFANGCHOW. \n\nFENCTIFN, NANKING. \n\nPERING, WITCHANC \n\n西醫陳耀佳 (美國學博士) \n\nDr. lu K. Chan \n\nPHYSICIAN & SURGEON (American Returned) \n\nOffice Hours: \n\n8-12 a.m. \n\n2-6 p.m. \n\n67 Tai Ping Road South, CANTON \n\n房燊安華 \n\nWah On Drugs \n\nSup Sam Hong, \n\nCANTON, CHINA \n\nWireless messages are received and transmitted between Canton and Wuchang, Shanghai, Foochow, Nan-\n\nking, etc, by day and night service. \n\nMessages for transmission despatched immediately, without delay. Senders are requested to \n\nof at the office \n\nthe apply administration, \n\nBUSINESS OFFICE OF \n\nare \n\nCANTON WIRELESS STATION, \n\nNo. 50 (old number) Second Bund (Yee Maloo), Nam-kwan. \n\nCan'on, April 7, 1927. \n\n漢昌呂宋烟公司 \n\nHON CHEONG TOBACCO CO. HIGH-CLASS CIGARS \n\nThe Hon Cheong Tobacco Co. are manufacturers of the highest The class cigars in Canton. \n\nus \n\ncigars made by are from the best tobacco leaf obtainable in the Orient. We have a branch office in Manila, P. I. \n\nand are ready to receive orders for any quantities. Our cigars are stocked in hoxes of 50's and 100's. \n\nOur Head Office is situated on 339 Yat Tak Road; Canton. \n\n生臀五修許 生接留科兒科產門專 Dr. S. N. HUI \n\nSpecial treatments to par-\n\nturient females and also babies as well as midwifery, providing quarters for lying-in women. 2nd Floor, No. 53, Taiping Rd. \n\nSouth, Canton. \n\n司公限有新大 \n\nTHE SUN Co., Ltd. \n\nUNIVERSAL \n\nPROVIDERS \n\nWEST BUND & WAI OI STREET, OLD CITY \n\nCANTON \n\nIt is to your advantage to visit our Wholesale and Retail \n\nDepartments. All kinds of China silk piece goods, boots and \n\nshoes, hats, outfitting, etc. \n\nOUR \n\nPHOTOGRAPHIC ARTICLES DEPARTMENT \n\nRenown Cameras, Films & Chemicals, Best Terms \n\nfor \n\nDEVELOPING & PRINTING \n\nTO LET \n\nSuitable Offices on our third floor, \n\nApply General Office of the said Co. \n\n塲藝遊台天司公新大 \n\nThe Sun Roof Garden \n\nCinematograph, Different Sorts of Chinese & Foreign plays and \n\nAmusements are shown Day and Night, \n\nAdmittance \n\nDay 20 Cents \n\nNight 30 Cents \n\nExtra charges for Tea, Refreshments, Telescope Observation Special Exhibitions of Transfiguration. Reserved Seats at \n\nCinema. \n\nTHE SUN CINEMA \n\nPROGRAMME \n\nFOR \n\nMAY, 15th. to 18th. 1927 \n\nHOW WOO FILM CORPORATION SHANGHAI \n\n\"HER \n\nPresents \n\nTSEW \n\nCHING HAH \n\nin \n\nRETURNING MIND \n\nA Chinese Drama In Ten Big Reels \n\nALSO \n\nVARIOUS COMEDIES \n\n司公限有施先 \n\nSincere Co., Ltd \n\nUniversal Providers \n\nThe Bund, Canton \n\nNew Arrivals Of Provisions \n\nand Woollens \n\nOur Own Manufactures :- \n\nAERATED WATERS, PERFUME, SOAP, &c \n\nThe Sincere Roof Garden Cinema \n\nPROGRAMME FOR \n\nThursday to Sunday, MAY 19th to 22nd, 1927. \n\n66 \n\nA FAMOUS CHINESE PICTURE \n\nMISS CHENG HAI LON in \n\nTHE RESTORE TREASURE \n\nIn 9 Paris \n\nAt 12.00 A.M. and 7.00 P.M. Admittance 20 cents \n\n行銀東廣辦商 \n\n\" \n\nBank of Canton, Limited. \n\nHEAD OFFICE, HONGKONG \n\nFOREIGN EXCHANGE and General Banking Business Transacted \n\nINTEREST ON FIXED DEPOSITS. \n\nFor 12 Months 5% per annum. \n\nFor 6 Months 4% per annum. \n\nFor 3 Months 3% per annum. \n\nOuden al 20% per amYAN. \n\nCURRENT ACCOUNTS. \n\n2% per annum on the Idaiy credit \n\nbalances of over $100.00 \n\nLOOK POON SHAN, \n\nChief Manager,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-505-4 Labour situation in Canton and effect on Hong Kong- Labour Advisory Board 27-1-1927 - 31-8-1927.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 512473, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-507-1 Proposal to dispose of Boxer Indemnity funds- claim by Hong Kong university 21-12-1927 - 24-7-1928", "page_number": 107, "title": "CO129-507-1 Proposal to dispose of Boxer Indemnity funds- claim by Hong Kong university 21-12-1927 - 24-7-1928", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government, and should be returned to the Foreign Office if not required for official use.]\n\nFrom CHINA.\n\nDecode.\n\nSir M. Lampson, (Peking).\n\n20th June 1928.\n\nD.\n\n3.55 p.m. 20th June 1928.\n\nR.\n\n9.0 a.m. 21st June 1928.\n\nNo. 638. (R).\n\n109\n\nYour telegram No.146.\n\nNone of the three Chinese you refer to are now in Peking. Wang has gone to America for an indefinite stay, Ting is a refugee in, I believe, Dairen, and Hu Shih would not, I fear, be at all inclined to emerge from his political retirement in Shanghai.\n\nUnder these circumstances I find myself unable to carry out your instructions, at any rate as regards these three men, who, I gather, you have selected in their capacity as members of Willingdon commission duly appointed by His Majesty's Government as such. I am in doubt whether others not so qualified could fill the necessary statutory rôle.\n\nIf you see no objection to three other Chinese being appointed as a sub-committee I can of course set about finding them, but in that case it will be necessary for me to approach Nanking government and ask them to nominate three suitable men. I should not mind doing so as it would be merely de facto transaction not implying recognition, but there is of course the danger that the Nationalist government might take advantage of my approaching them to suggest immediate establishment of board of trustees by means of a mandate which might place His Majesty's Government in an awkward position. It is true that board...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-507-1 Proposal to dispose of Boxer Indemnity funds- claim by Hong Kong university 21-12-1927 - 24-7-1928.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 512647, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-507-2 China- protection of Anglo-Chinese 11-11-1927 - 23-11-1928", "page_number": 122, "title": "CO129-507-2 China- protection of Anglo-Chinese 11-11-1927 - 23-11-1928", "content_text": "139\n\n42\n\n43\n\n140\n\nIn my opinion these evils will be sufficiently guarded against if organs of Chinese administration are made aware of the names of persons registered at Dutch consulates in China; for the organs in question will then know that they should treat persons so registered as Dutch subjects.\n\nCC\n\nFor the time being my Government is willing to agree that the names of all those who have registered themselves at Dutch consulates in China should be communicated by me to your Excellency's Government, once in each year on a date subsequent to the month of March, and that they should be communicated by the consuls to the officials at the place at which they are stationed, with whom they have relations. Hereafter, whenever Chinese who have assumed Dutch nationality return to China and report to the Dutch consuls, I and the consuls will send in a communication as occasion requires. I trust that your Excellency will favour me with a reply in order that action may be taken as proposed.\n\nIn reply, I have the honour to state that the procedure proposed by your Excellency has, as its object, the exercise of care in the matter of nationality and the avoidance of trouble, an object which has the warm concurrence of this Ministry. Communications are being addressed to the local authorities throughout the provinces to take note thereof and to carry out enquiries into the matter from time to time.\n\nAPPENDIX IV.\n\nNationality of Chinese domiciled in Hong Kong, Kowloon, and Kowloon Extension at the time of their Cession to the British Crown.\n\nThe island of Hong Kong was ceded to Great Britain, and immediately occupied, in January 1841, by the preliminary agreement which brought our first war with China to a close. The cession was formally confirmed by article 3 of the Treaty of Nanking of 1842. Captain Elliot, the British plenipotentiary, on taking possession in 1841, issued two proclamations, the first declaring that \"Chinese resorting there shall be governed by the laws and customs of China, every description of torture being excepted,\" and the second announcing that \"all natives residing therein must understand that they are now subjects of the Queen of England, to whom and to whose officers they must pay duty and obedience.\"\n\npersons\n\nThe opinion of Mr. Alabaster, Acting Attorney-General of Hong Kong in 1911, was that the inhabitants who remained in Hong Kong became British subjects but did not lose their Chinese nationality. The island at that time was a barren rock with a shifting population of a few poverty-stricken fishermen.\n\nBritish Kowloon, consisting of a small strip on the mainland opposite Hong Kong, was leased to Sir Harry Parkes on behalf of the British Government on the 20th March, 1860, at an annual rental of 500 taels, on the ground that it consisted for the most part of barren hills that cannot be cultivated and has hitherto formed a place of resort for thieves and outlaws.\" On the 24th October, 1860, by the Convention of Peking, the lease was cancelled and, with a view to the maintenance of law and order in and about the harbour of Hong Kong,\" the area was ceded to Great Britain as a dependency of the colony of Hong Kong.'\n\nThis was followed by a proclamation declaring that no officer of the Emperor of China has any right or title to exercise authority or control therein or in connection therewith, but that the Government is now, and from henceforth will remain, vested in Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and her officers duly appointed and subject to such laws and regulations as Her Majesty, with the advice of her Privy Council, may ordain and direct.\"\n\nC\n\n77\n\nOn these facts Mr. Alabaster was of opinion that the native inhabitants of Kowloon had not become British subjects at all, but had remained subjects of the Emperor of China.\n\nThe area known as the Kowloon Extension or the New Territories was leased to Great Britain for a term of ninety-nine years by a convention signed at Peking on the 9th June, 1898; the relevant clauses of this convention stated as follows:-\n\nK\n\nWhereas it has for many years past been recognised that an extension of the Hong Kong territory is necessary for the proper defence and protection of the colony, it has now been agreed between the Government of Great Britain and China that the limits of British territory shall be enlarged under lease. The term of this lease shall be ninety-nine years. It is at the same time agreed that within the city of Kowloon the Chinese officials now stationed there shall continue to exercise jurisdiction except so far as may be inconsistent with the military requirements for the defence of Hong Kong. Within the limits of the newly leased territory Great Britain shall have sole jurisdiction. Chinese officials and people shall be allowed, as heretofore, to use the road from Kowloon to Hsinan. It is further agreed that the existing landing-place near Kowloon City shall be reserved for the convenience of Chinese men-of-war, merchant and passenger vessels which may come and go and lie there at their pleasure and for the convenience and movement of the officials and people within the city. It is further understood that there will be no expropriation or expulsion of inhabitants of the district within the extension.\n\nIf cases of extradition of criminals occur, they shall be dealt with in accordance with existing treaties and the Hong Kong regulations.'\n\ntial Print 11426,\n\nMr. Alabaster was of the opinion that the Chinese inhabitants of the New Territories continued to be subjects of China only. Sir Ernest Satow and Sir John Jordan were both of opinion that we could not claim to protect the inhabitants of the New Territory as British subjects in China. The latter pointed out that the Chinese regarded Kowloon on the same basis as Kiaochau and Dairen, namely, as leased and not as ceded territory. Kiaochau was leased to Germany for ninety-nine years in March 1898, and Kowloon was, as a political concession, leased to Great Britain for the same period three months later. It was never suggested that the Chinese inhabitants of Kiaochau had lost their Chinese nationality, and the Chinese would never admit such a contention in the case of Kowloon. His Majesty's Government deemed it expedient to abstain from communicating to the Chinese Government their view that the inhabitants of Kowloon had become British subjects, and in 1905, when the Chinese Government wrote on the assumption that they were still subjects of China, care was taken in the reply to avoid controverting the assumption. In a case which occurred in 1910, the Chinese nationality of an inhabitant of the Kowloon extension was fully recognised by His Majesty's Government (see Appendix I, case No. 20).\n\nThe Law Officers of the Crown ruled in 1899 that the persons inhabiting the Kowloon extension at the time of the transfer were to be regarded as British subjects \"for all purposes, apparently on the ground that it was an extension under lease of the Colony of Hong Kong. Sir E. Davidson agreed with this view, but he also thought that this would not prevent the inhabitants having a second nationality. Supposing that Chinese municipal law prescribes, as I understand it does, that Liang Tou is within China a Chinaman, how can we object on the ground that according to international law he is not?\" The reasoning which led Sir E. Davidson to adopt this view is equally applicable to the case of Hong Kong and Kowloon as to the case of the Kowloon extension\n\nConfidential Print 11426. p. 24.\n\nAccording to the view of the Law Officers (and I think that technically their view is sound) the territory of Kowloon which was ceded to Great Britain for a term of ninety-nine years, became during and for that term an integral portion of the British Dominions. It is a peculiar and novel form of tenure; but applying recognised principles to the new conditions, I think that while the term lasts the territory is just as fully part of the British Dominions as if (for instance) it had been conquered and annexed and we had given an undertaking to restore it to China at the end of ninety-nine years.\n\n\"It follows, in my opinion, that in contemplation of English law, anybody born in Kowloon during the term of ninety-nine years rebus sic stantibus, of course is a natural-born British subject jure soli, though such persons may, in contemplation of the law of their parents' country of origin, have a second nationality (Chinese or other) which in that country of origin will prevail.\"\n\n0", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-507-2 China- protection of Anglo-Chinese 11-11-1927 - 23-11-1928.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 516325, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-512-1 Political situation in China- and Canton 30-11-1928 - 23-5-1929", "page_number": 76, "title": "CO129-512-1 Political situation in China- and Canton 30-11-1928 - 23-5-1929", "content_text": "Enclosure No. 2\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\nHonourable Colonial Secretary,\n\nYesterday at 2 p.m. General Chan Kwing-ming (Chen Chiung-ming) rang me up on the telephone and said that he would like to call on me at my house at 3 p.m. He arrived punctually at the appointed hour, and gave me the following information which is reproduced as near as he gave it to me.\n\n1. I have been to Japan on a holiday and afterwards to Dairen and other parts of North China, and have just returned to the Colony. I remember informing you at the beginning of last year that it was my belief that the Nationalists would defeat Chang Tso-lin, not by feat of arms but with money and propaganda; and that thereafter there would be some semblance of unification of the country. I also said that such unification would be more in name than in reality, and that before long there would be a split in Chiang Kai-shek's own camp. My prognostications have come true.\n\n2. With such fears agitating my mind, I resolved to do whatever I could to bring about an understanding among the real makers of the Republic, such as Tuan Chi-jui and Wu Pei-fu, as well as among the moderates now in authority. I believe that I casually mentioned this idea to you when I saw you for a short time at the beginning of 1928, and I also told you that I was compiling a memorandum setting forth my views. That memorandum has been completed,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-512-1 Political situation in China- and Canton 30-11-1928 - 23-5-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 516326, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-512-1 Political situation in China- and Canton 30-11-1928 - 23-5-1929", "page_number": 77, "title": "CO129-512-1 Political situation in China- and Canton 30-11-1928 - 23-5-1929", "content_text": "- 2 -\n\nX \n\ncompleted, but I had no time to show it to you before \nI left for Japan. It is now ready, and I will send \na copy to you for the perusal of yourself and \nSir Shou-son Chow, and, if you think it has any \nvalue, the perusal of His Excellency the Governor. \nI have no personal ambition, but I feel that every \ncitizen of China should conceive it his duty to \nwork, according to his ability, for a lasting peace \nin the country.\n\n3. \nChang Tso-lin, before his death, and Tuan Chi-jui heard of my scheme, and expressed a desire to \nsee the memorandum when it was finished. As I am in Hong Kong, I will not discuss, or concern \nmyself with politics. I must not abuse the \nhospitality of the Colony. When I was in Japan, I \nwas invited by Chang Hsueh-liang and Yang Yu-ting to \nmeet them at Dairen, together with representatives of \nTuan Chi-jui, Wu Pei-fu, and Sun Chuan-fang. \nBy the \ntime I reached Dairen, Yang Yu-ting had unfortunately \nmet with his death at the hands of Chang Hsueh-liang, \nand so I desisted from meeting Chang.\n\n4. \nWhen in Dairen, I met informally the \nrepresentatives of Tuan Chi-jui, Wu Pei-fu, Chang \nChung-chang, and Sun Chuan-fang. \nI propounded my \nscheme before them, and they communicated my views to their principals. My scheme is roughly this: \n\n(a) There should be a Central Government with full \nauthority over the army and the navy; \n(b) the country being so large, each province should have some sort of autonomy in the government of its local affairs; \n(c) the men in command of armies in the province \nshould...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-512-1 Political situation in China- and Canton 30-11-1928 - 23-5-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 516339, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-512-1 Political situation in China- and Canton 30-11-1928 - 23-5-1929", "page_number": 89, "title": "CO129-512-1 Political situation in China- and Canton 30-11-1928 - 23-5-1929", "content_text": "## 2\n\ndeputed General Chan Hing-wan to wait upon me on his behalf, and expresses the hope that, in view of the friendship existing between Marshal Li Chai-sum and myself, I would give the desired assistance.\n\n## 3\n\nGeneral Chan then proceeded to inform me that for the past four days all telegraphic communication between Nanking and Canton had been interrupted. A message had, however, been received yesterday evening from Shanghai, informing the Canton Government that Marshal Li Chai-sum was virtually a prisoner at Nanking, Marshal Chiang Kai-shek having placed him under the guard of four officers, who follow him wherever he goes and never lose sight of him. It is feared that Marshal Li's life is in danger. General Chan further said that Marshal Chiang Kai-shek was already at war with the Kwangsi leaders who control Hankow. He could, however, give me no details on this subject. He also expressed the belief that the \"Christian General\", Marshal Feng Yü-hsiang, would at once join the Kwangsi group and attack Chiang Kai-shek. Furthermore, he said that General Pai Chung-hsi had not, as reported in the vernacular press, gone to Hankow, but that he was at Dairen and would proceed direct to Canton as soon as possible. General Li Tsung-jen was, he said, at Shanghai, and General Wong Shiu-hung had returned today to Wuchow. Such, therefore, was the geographical disposition of the \"Big Four\" of the Kwangsi group.\n\n## 4", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-512-1 Political situation in China- and Canton 30-11-1928 - 23-5-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 517502, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-513-9 Proposals for civil and commercial aviation in Hong Kong- requests for air-routes between Hong Kong... 13-11-1928 - 30-9-1929", "page_number": 132, "title": "CO129-513-9 Proposals for civil and commercial aviation in Hong Kong- requests for air-routes between Hong Kong... 13-11-1928 - 30-9-1929", "content_text": "The present plan is to follow the route given below, \nbut the final decisions as to the extent of the flight will \nbe decided in Nanking with the National Government. \nIt is possible that alterations will be made.\n\n12.9 \nCanton to Hankow................ \nHankow to Nanking ...............250 miles \n....................300 miles \nHankow to Kai Feng ...................................325 miles \nNanking to Peiping ......................................575 miles \n\nAlternative route. \nKai Feng to Peiping .................................296 miles \nPeiping to Mukden .....................................400 miles \nMukden to Tientsin ......................................390 miles \nTientsin to Shanghai ................................540 miles \nShanghai to Dairen ........................................760 miles \nTotal ...............3,660 miles \n\n## THE FIRST STAGE\n\nThe first stage is the most important as it directly \nconcerns the province of Kwangtung, and in particular the \nair services that will eventually operate from Canton to the \nNorth, so it deserves special attention.\n\nUpon leaving Canton the aviators have to fly Northward \nupon a compass course approximately N.N.E. They will note the \nnature of the country over which they fly, inspect the fields \nand open spaces near the large towns over which their flight \ntakes them, and form opinions as to the suitability of the rivers for the purpose of operating seaplanes.\n\nFor the first 130 miles they will have the Pei Klang \nNorth River about 20 miles upon their left, then as they \napproach the border line of the province of Yunnan and Kwangsi \nthey will be faced with a range of mountains 4,000 feet high. \nAfter passing these they will have huge plains stretching \nfor hundreds of miles to their left and right, then ... about #", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-513-9 Proposals for civil and commercial aviation in Hong Kong- requests for air-routes between Hong Kong... 13-11-1928 - 30-9-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 521178, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-520-6 Railway development- Canton-Kowloon Railway 5-11-1929 - 5-11-1930", "page_number": 79, "title": "CO129-520-6 Railway development- Canton-Kowloon Railway 5-11-1929 - 5-11-1930", "content_text": "250\n\nTHE CHINA\n\nCRITIC\n\nMarch 13, 1930\n\nMarch 13, 1930\n\nTHE CHINA CRITIC\n\n251\n\nand commerce will be seriously handicapped, and the livelihood of the people will be affected.\n\nIt is estimated that the Ministry of War now owes the Ministry of Railways about $12,930,000 for subsidies paid to various army groups and $3,250,000 for military transportation charges within a period of slightly over a year. The Ministry of Railways has sent a bill to the War Department, but the bill remains unpaid.\n\nIt will be recalled that at the Second Plenary Session of the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang, it was decided to appropriate two-thirds of the entire Boxer-Indemnity Funds for railway construction in China. Sometime ago, a petition was presented to the Administrative Yuan of the National Government suggesting that two-thirds of the Sino-British, Sino-Russian, and Sino-Italian Boxer Indemnity Funds be first appropriated to the Ministry of Railways for the completion of Canton-Hankow, Lunghai, and other lines. If negotiations with the British and Italian Governments had not been completed, it was further suggested that two-thirds of the Sino-Russian Indemnity Funds be handed over to the Railway Ministry. It has been discovered that the Peiping Universities continue to get $350,000 each month from the Sino-Russian Boxer-Indemnity Funds. As it has been decided by the National Government that the Sino-Russian Indemnity Funds shall be used for the completion of the Lunghai Railway, there will be no funds left for the railway construction, unless the Peiping Universities get their funds from some other source.\n\nAs the preliminary part of the Ministry's railway construction program, a number of men have been sent out to do surveying work in different provinces. The men assigned on the proposed Nanking-Canton line have been unable to do any work in Kwangtung and Fukien Provinces on account of bandit activities. Military operations in Kwangsi, Kweichow, and Yunnan provinces have also interfered with the work of the Ministry's staff. Mr. Chao Ya-chen, an expert of the Ministry, was killed last December by bandits at Ta Kuang, in Kweichow Province.\n\nThe debts of the railways run up to a stupendous total of $559,000,000. The loan agreements with various parties differ, and unless steps are taken to reorganize the railway debts, the actual financial condition of the country's railways cannot be ascertained. The creditors repeatedly go to the Ministry of Railways and ask for information regarding the payment of these debts. As the prestige of any government is largely determined by its ability or otherwise to meet its obligations, it is of great importance that the National Government should devise some means for the reorganization of the country's debts.\n\nThe Kiao-Tsi Railway, popularly known as Shantung Railway, has to pay $40,000,000 (Yen) to the Japanese Government within a period of 15 years, beginning from January 1, 1923. For seven years, the railway has paid up regularly the annual interest of $2,400,000 (Yen), but the principal remains unpaid. Before 1938, China must pay up that amount, and so far, nothing has been done towards meeting this obligation. The only thing the Kiao-Tsi Railway can do will be that of cutting down its expenses and of setting aside every year a certain amount of money for that purpose.\n\nTransportation undoubtedly has a lot to do with the development of a country's industries and commerce. While the railways want to increase their revenues, they must in the meantime take into consideration the business condition along the lines. Steps ought to be taken to facilitate the distribution of foodstuffs throughout the country and to encourage the development of native industries, so that severe famines in certain parts of the country can be prevented and the native commercial interests may compete on even terms with foreign business concerns.\n\nMeasures have been adopted for the taking over by the government of the Canton-Hankow Railway. This line was formerly financed by private interests with a capital of approximately $20,000,000. The Ministry of Railways recently submitted a proposal to the National Government suggesting that $20,000,000 worth of bonds be floated using the revenues of Canton-Shaokwan and Canton-Samshui sections of the Canton-Hankow Railway as securities. The proposal was approved by the National Government. The regulations governing the issuance of these bonds were promulgated by the Ministry of Railways on January 1, 1930. Beginning from April 1, 1930, the proposed bonds will be issued by the Ministry.\n\nIn spite of the unsettled conditions throughout the country, the following reports regarding the revenues for 1929-30 of various railways may prove interesting:\n\n \n \n Revenues\n Increase over 1928-9\n \n \n Tientsin-Pukow Railway\n $10,315,000\n $6,143,000\n \n \n Nanking-Shanghai Railway\n $12,328,000\n $1,811,000\n \n \n S.H.N. Railway\n $5,959,000\n $1,959,000\n \n \n Chengtai Railway\n $5,134,000\n $535,000\n \n \n Kiao-Tsi Railway\n $2,153,000\n $1,213,000\n \n \n Lunghai Railway\n $447,000\n $211,000\n \n \n Hunan-Hupeh Railway\n $1,075,000\n $705,000\n \n \n Canton-Kowloon Railway\n $12,569,000\n $610,000\n \n\nThe Pei-Ning Railway, formerly known as the Peking-Mukden Railway, has been instructed to conclude a contract with the Netherlands Harbor Works Company of Amsterdam, Holland, for the development of the Port of Hulutao. Actual engineering work is to start this year as soon as weather permits.\n\nMukden is situated like the hub of a wheel, where a great deal of traffic must pass through. The distance from Mukden to Hulutao is 186 miles, and the distance from Mukden to Dairen is 246 miles. After careful study by experts, Hulutao has been regarded as a natural outlet to the sea for Manchuria and Inner-Mongolia. A proper port development at this place and a consistent rail development of the Three Eastern Provinces must create an enormous traffic for shipment through Hulutao.\n\nRailway development, unlike the activities of most of the other departments of the Government, is a profit-making proposition. Not only it brings larger revenues to the Government treasury, it represents one of the most important factors in the improvement of the economic condition of any country, and in the promotion of general welfare. The later the Government carries out its railway construction program, the greater difficulty it will have in its attempt to bring prosperity to the undeveloped regions in far-off provinces.\n\nThe existing railways can never be run on a business basis if the local military authorities are permitted to interfere with the administration of these lines. Drastic measures must be taken by the Central Government for the suppression of such irregular activities. The road is difficult but it is not impossible.\n\nAttitudes Toward China\n\nBy Hugh McL. Gilmore\n\nThe new and more orderly regime in China is regarded by most foreigners with disfavour. The reason is simple. Great changes have taken place abroad; younger countries have acted energetically and with vision to expedite economic and other \"progress.\" Chinese efforts to effect rehabilitation of her scattered fortunes seem, they think, in comparison, futile and ill-directed.\n\nTo a certain extent, this attitude is excusable. Foreign critics of an Eastern country, who belong to a totally different order of civilisation from those whose weakness they would appraise, cannot keep their minds free from purely national bias of the unreasoning sort; they naturally search for such attributes as are prized among themselves and feel disgusted if these are not in evidence. The result is they see specific faults too plainly while overlooking the very qualities on which greatness is mainly based. China, therefore, has suffered extremely from the stupidity, misstatement, and misrepresentation, from the lack of sympathy and generosity, and principally from the pure ignorance of her critics.\n\nIn the West, Might connotes Right. Western revenues, accordingly, are spent on war, past and to come, and only the residue on useful objects. The people are, have been, and always will be loaded with taxation for the construction of guns, battleships, poisonous gases, and aeroplanes for the purpose of killing each other wholesale.\n\nUntil comparatively recently, China had none of these things. Ergo, China is uncivilised, unworthy of consideration. The West, enforced by those selfsame armaments and gases, calls for \"law and order\" in a country whose efforts to enforce \"law and order\" are hindered by Western pugnacity.\n\nChina, unfortunately, is unable to offset the insinuations of these more pugnacious nations in the only way which they understand and appreciate. She believes in a progress of her own definition. Her belief is fortified by daily illustration of how the West protects \"progress\" with battleships and bluff and frames its ideals, not according to the measure of its altruism, but according to the measure of its ambitions. Hence, China has adopted, mistakenly it is true, a conversational attitude, thinking that constant iteration of her requirements would find a receptive ear.\n\nBut iteration, like friction, is likely to generate heat rather than progress. This has happened in China. Unfamiliar with the intrigue which for centuries has supported Occidental diplomacy, her statesmen have more or less relied upon the \"honourable obligations\" of the West; they have spoken when they should have acted, reposed confidence where confidence is adjudged an indication of weakness. \"Honourable obligations,\" unknown to them, have long been buried under a pall of hypocrisy. Iteration of such \"obligations\" has engendered naivete and helped to cloud the issue where a little judicious action would have induced favourable consideration of inherent rights.\n\nIt does not logically follow that China, to attain her rights, should similarly put bloodshed and blood lust before civilisation. The world, happily, is awakening to a realisation of the futility of war and warlike methods and is in a fit state now, after centuries of morbid hate, to recognise that seeds of death planted in a loam of artificial hate have thrust their black heads above the earth all too often. Aggression is receding before world reason. China, accordingly, should so plan her future so that the surfeit of speech which hitherto has hampered her striving after autonomy should be abandoned in favour of pre-conceived and practical action. Speech, as a famous diplomat tells us, is after all but a form of innocuous gas. This innocuity, in China at least, has served to \"Make men lose the good they oft might win by fearing to attempt.\"\n\nIt is strange that no effort has been made to put the proper interpretation on the chief Western argument against Chinese autonomy, the lack of \"law and order.\" It is stranger still that no native statesman has expressed its true meaning. While banditry and disorder exist in every country in the world, China has been singled out for obloquy on that very count. It is natural that disorder in a country of 400,000,000 souls, hampered by foreign jurisdiction, should be greater than in a country of 40,000,000 free from alien restrictions.\n\n85", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-520-6 Railway development- Canton-Kowloon Railway 5-11-1929 - 5-11-1930.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 521179, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-520-6 Railway development- Canton-Kowloon Railway 5-11-1929 - 5-11-1930", "page_number": 80, "title": "CO129-520-6 Railway development- Canton-Kowloon Railway 5-11-1929 - 5-11-1930", "content_text": "THE CHINA CRITIC\n\nMarch 13, 1930\n\n253\n\nBut \"law and order\" in Western phraseology is a synonym for trade protection. Time was when China was an Eldorado, the enormous legendary market which was to solve all economic crises and enrich every nation capable of securing for itself a place therein. \"Law and order\" came to be spoken of then—although disturbance was blessedly absent from the country. The term has descended through the years and in some quarters is now used to oppose the abolition of extraterritoriality. There is no hope of more intimate and accurate estimation of the country's capabilities passively replacing this calculatedly erroneous conception because trade always seeks protection under the cloak of arms. This has occurred in Haiti and Liberia. Active illustration of China's ability to conduct her own affairs in an orderly manner is the best answer returnable in the circumstances, but can this answer be given while every robbery and minor misdemeanour is magnified and garbled in their own interests by commercial agencies?\n\nAnother favourite argument of those opposed to Chinese autonomy is that as China's civilisation is based upon the precepts of Confucius, who lived half a century before Christ, her present condition is similar to her condition at that time. People who are, according to our standards, 3,500 years behind the times (they contend) cannot obviously be entrusted with the task of administering the affairs of a vast country in an up-to-date manner. This is a subtle argument because those who make it realise that, apart from the unacceptable antiquity involved in their contention, Confucius is commonly thought to have believed in and taught the inability of progress, preferring to create a stable society without working consistently for further success.\n\nThe truth is that Confucius did not think the human race naturally progressive. He believed in rulers being wise and ambitious in the interests of their subjects. And as regards the cavil that China is still where Confucius left it, we have only to look at the almost incalculably great and far-reaching consequences which have followed as the result of his teaching. His life was one of the greatest and most progressive ever lived by man. Three others only are comparable with it in world history: Gautama's sojourn among men, the career of the Arab Prophet, and the \"Sinless Years\" which, we are told, closed on Golgotha.\n\nContributors of special articles to The China Critic are hereby requested to inform us of their professional connections when they send in their manuscripts.\n\nEditor.\n\nPhthisis is usually the result of a common cold, which weakens the delicate lung tissues and thus enables tuberculosis-germs to settle and spread.\n\nTake Guaiacose. It strengthens the entire organism and makes it more resistant to infections. By destroying the germs causing it, the initial stage of tuberculosis can be successfully fought.\n\nFACTS & FIGURES\n\nMINISTER T. V. SOONG'S FINANCIAL STATEMENT\n\nFor the 17th Fiscal Year July, 1928 to June, 1929.\n\n(A) Revenue:\n\nI. Taxes:\n\n1. Customs duties\n\n2. Salt\n\n$179,141,017.18\n\n$29,542,421.46\n\n...\n\nSub-Division\nProprietorship\nPartnership\nCorporation\nTotal\nPercentage\n\nCotton Spinning\n$8,480,000\n$28,750,000\n$87,280,000\n$124,510,000\n...\n\nSilk Reeling\n$315,100\n$81,900\n...\n...\n...\n\n...\n\nCAPITALIZATION OF SHANGHAI INDUSTRIES\n\nThe Chinese Government Bureau of Social Affairs of the Shanghai Municipality has compiled statistics of industrial establishments in the Municipality, including the foreign settlements. There are altogether 1,781 Chinese and foreign factories in this city, but only 1,500 filled in the schedules of the Bureau. The following table shows the capital figures of these 1,500 factories classified according to the nature of the industry as well as to the type of organization. This is the first comprehensive statistics ever collected and compiled on this subject.\n\nKincheng Banking Corporation\n\nAuthorised Capital $10,000,000.00\n\nPaid-Up Capital $7,000,000.00\n\nSurplus $1,890,000.00\n\nEvery Branch of Banking Business Transacted. Saving Deposits Received.\n\nHead Office: Tientsin.\n\nBranches: Peiping, Shanghai, Hankow, and Dairen.\n\nPage 80\n\nPage 81", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-520-6 Railway development- Canton-Kowloon Railway 5-11-1929 - 5-11-1930.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 521180, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-520-6 Railway development- Canton-Kowloon Railway 5-11-1929 - 5-11-1930", "page_number": 81, "title": "CO129-520-6 Railway development- Canton-Kowloon Railway 5-11-1929 - 5-11-1930", "content_text": "254\n\nTHE CHINA CRITIC\n\nMarch 13, 1930\n\nMarch 13, 1930\n\nTHE CHINA CRITIC\n\n255\n\nCHIEF EVENTS March 2-8\n\nGOVERNMENT\n\nDark War Clouds Passing\n\nThe dark war clouds in the North, which have caused nation-wide concern and anxiety, are now passing away, and a feeling of ease is perceptible among the general public as a result of the announcement that Gen. Yen Hsi-shan is determined to go abroad together with Marshal Feng Yu-hsiang.\n\nIn his telegram of March 5, he declares that he has always stood for peace and unification and that his recent suggestions to the Government were made with a view to preventing further internal strife. \"Since, however, my proposals have not even been considered,\" Yen declared, \"I shall certainly not be the cause for any civil strife. I am, therefore, immediately going abroad with Huankung (Feng Yu-hsiang) in order to carry out my original intentions.\"\n\nIt is understood that Gen. Yen will leave for Japan, probably alone, as Feng Yu-hsiang has not yet made any preparation for leaving. Mr. Chao Tai-wen, in his wire to the Government, is coming to the capital to make final arrangement with the Government for Yen's departure.\n\nThe Shansi troops in Chengchow, Honan, under Gen. Sun Tso, evacuated on March 4 and the garrison duties of that city are now being performed by Gen. Shih Yiu-shan according to the Government order. Tsaochow, which was also occupied by the Shansi troops in Western Shantung, has been deserted, and these Shansi troops have returned to their original post at Taming. The advanced forces of Gen. Fu Tso-yi, which occupied Tehchow, an important city in northern Shantung, are preparing to leave for Shansi shortly, on account of the sudden change of political development.\n\nThe reasons for Yen's sudden change of policy to fight the Government seem to be due to the fact that Gen. Chen Tiao-yuan, Governor of Shantung, and Gen. Ho Chien, Governor of Hunan, have remained loyal to the Central Government. With Marshal Chang Hsueh-liang neutral and Gen. Shih Yiu-shan and Gen. Han Fu-chu again gone over to the Central Government, Gen. Yen Hsi-shan has been left without sufficient allies to oppose Gen. Chiang Kai-shek.\n\nApparently Gen. Yen hoped that a chorus of disapprobation of Gen. Chiang Kai-shek would arise following Yen's denunciation of the Generalissimo, thinking that this would be sufficient to induce Gen. Chiang to resign without fighting; but as the Generalissimo is determined to remain in office, the Shansi general will not fight in an attempt to compel him to go.\n\nWell-informed circles state that a total of ten million dollars ($10,000,000) have so far been spent by General Yen Hsi-shan for military preparations against the Government. But the refusal of the Kuomintang and other military units in Honan to act according to his instructions have brought about the collapse of his scheme.\n\n3RD PLENARY SESSION OF C. E. C. ENDED\n\nThe third Plenary Session of the C.E.C. came to a conclusion after a five-day discussion. In a manifesto issued to the nation, it stresses the need of District Autonomy, Economic Reconstruction and the spread of Education based upon the Three People's Principles.\n\nIn the 2nd general meeting, nine resolutions were passed, two dealing with party affairs; two on the Reconstruction Program of the National Government; three on the civil administration of the Government with special reference to the question of the selection of District Magistrates, Bandit-Suppression and the Program of Economy of the Government; one concerning the appointment of additional members of the various committees of the C. E. C., and the last concerning the Shansi Provincial Currency Rehabilitation Loan of twenty-four million dollars ($24,000,000). The order for the latter loan was cancelled.\n\nThe employment of the disbanded soldiers and officers was also discussed. It was proposed that the soldiers be absorbed in the various reclamation, colonization and reconstruction works. However, for the employment of officers, the following scheme is recommended:\n\n(1) To establish a Police Training Institute for the training of those disbanded officers who aspire to be police officers and who, upon completion of their training, can be dispatched to various districts throughout the country to organize and improve the police system.\n\n(2) To train a number of disbanded officers to serve as military gendarmes whose specific responsibility will be to enforce discipline in the National Army.\n\n(3) To establish in each province a Surveying Institute where suitable disbanded officers can be assigned to study the surveying of land and public roads. Upon conclusion of their training, they will be assigned to various Reconstruction departments of the Government to assist in carrying out the program of National Reconstruction.\n\n(4) To open a Civil Engineering Institute for the training of suitable disbanded officers who will be employed upon completion of their special training, in the various railroad and public highway constructions as superintendents.\n\n(5) To train suitable disbanded officers as agricultural experts.\n\n(6) To train the disbanded officers for special service in connection with land reclamation along the border districts of the country.\n\nCHINA'S FINANCIAL STATEMENT\n\nMr. T. V. Soong, Minister of Finance, presented an annual report on the finances of the National Government together with a financial statement to the Third Plenary Session of the Central Executive Committee.\n\nThe total receipts were $434,440,712, of which by far the greatest contribution came from Customs duties. However, half of this amount went to military establishment, the exact figure being $209,536,969. The present situation is much improved than that prevailing during 1928, when only Kiangsu and Chekiang were bearing the heavy financial burden. Now the Customs revenue is centralized, with only about ten provinces still controlling their financial revenues.\n\nKWEILIN CAPTURED\n\nKweilin, an important city in northern Kwangsi, was captured by the Hunan Government troops. As a result of this defeat on the part of the Kwangsi rebels headed by Pei Tsung-hsi, a general retreat was ordered.\n\nNo longer able effectively to resist the onslaught of the Government forces, the rebellious \"Ironsides\" leader, Chang Fa-kuei, sent two personal representatives on March 2 to implore General Chen Chi Tang to stop the advance of the Government forces. General Chen has telegraphed to Nanking for instruction in regard to the matter.\n\nINTERNATIONAL RELATIONS\n\nLEAGUE'S OPIUM COMMISSION\n\nThe League of Nations Commission of Inquiry into Opium Smoking in the Far East arrived in Shanghai on Thursday, March 6, in the str. Chosa Maru from Formosa. The Commission is composed of M. Max Leo Gerard, Dr. Ian Haviase, and Mr. Bertil A. Renborg.\n\nThe commission is merely passing through Shanghai on its way to Dairen, as it has not been invited by China to come on account of League's refusal to include the investigation of Morphia, Morphine and other drugs in its investigation.\n\nTHE LEAGUE'S HEALTH COMMISSION\n\nThe Health Committee of the League of Nations examined the proposals made by the Chinese Government, which asks for the help of the League in the way of technical advice in regard to certain sanitary works that are comprised in the reconstruction and modernization of China, especially, the reorganization of the quarantine service by the Ministry of Health.\n\nAmong the other measures proposed are the immediate establishment of a national hospital in Chekiang, which will serve as a model to the other provinces of China; and the reorganization of medical training.\n\nThe Chinese Government also asks for the collaboration of the Epidemiological Office at Singapore with the Ministry of Health for fighting small-pox and cholera.\n\nThe Chinese Government has already entered into obligations involving a sum of M.$200,000 in respect of fulfilment of its plan which, it is estimated, will cost M.$1,000,000. Miyajima considered the most important question, from an international point of view, was the organization of quarantine service in China.\n\nAMERICAN MINISTER VISITING\n\nMr. Nelson T. Johnson, American Minister to China, visited Nanking and was entertained by Dr. C. T. Wang, Minister Sun Fo and other officials. While in Shanghai, he received a most hearty welcome from the American community.\n\nAIR CONTRACT REVISION\n\nThe contract signed between the Chinese Government and the China Airways Inc., an American company, which has been seriously protested against by the Chinese, is now being revised at Nanking.\n\nMIXED COURT IN FRENCH CONCESSION\n\nThe Judicial Yuan and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs received on March 2 identic telegrams from the Shanghai Bar Association suggesting reorganization of the Mixed Court in the French Concession at Shanghai along the same lines as that of the Shanghai Provisional Court. It is pointed out that although several minor changes in the administration of the Mixed Court of the French Concession have been voluntarily introduced by the French Consular Authorities, the Court remains to all intents and purposes under the control of the French Concession Authorities and is altogether inconsistent with the Chinese judicial system. Responsible Judicial authorities are formulating detailed procedure governing the rendition and reorganization of the Court which will be the basis of discussion during the negotiations.\n\nSINO-GREEK TREATY RATIFIED\n\nAccording to a cable to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from Minister Kao Lu at Paris, the new Sino-Greek Treaty has been duly ratified by the Greek Parliament.\n\nROYAL VISITOR\n\nAt the request of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of the Navy has dispatched the gunboat \"Hai-yung\" to Shanghai to welcome the Danish Crown Prince. Preparations are now under the auspices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to extend an appropriate welcome to Prince Frederick on his arrival at the Capital.\n\nJAPANESE SOLDIERS IN KIRIN\n\nUnder the pretext of suppressing the independence movement of Korea, a detachment of Japanese troops, numbering over one thousand men, recently arrived at Chungchun route to Lungchin, near the Kirin-Korea border.\n\nStrong resentment is expressed by the public at the illegal arrest of Koreans by Japanese soldiers in Kirin without the concurrence of the local Chinese Authorities. Two Koreans are reported to have been executed by the Japanese military authorities in Lung-chin for alleged complicity in the Independence movement.\n\nPERMIT NECESSARY FOR ARMS IMPORTATION\n\nThe Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in identic communications dispatched to the foreign Legations, declares that hereafter all shipments of arms and munitions from abroad will not be permitted into the country without the necessary permit issued by the National Government. Any foreign national contravening the order of the Government will be severely dealt with. This action is taken in consequence of the receipt of reports that certain foreign nationals have been secretly importing arms and other implements of war for the counter-Revolutionary elements.\n\nCHINESE CREW ON FOREIGN VESSELS\n\nAccording to a cable from Geneva, the Governing Body of the International Labour Office is notifying member-states of the Chinese proposal adopted at the 13th International Labour Conference providing that Chinese crew on foreign vessels shall be amenable to Chinese jurisdiction when within Chinese territorial waters.\n\nTRADE & CONSTRUCTION\n\nCENTRAL BANK OF CHINA'S 46TH EXAMINATION OF RESERVES\n\nIn accordance with Article 15 of the Charter of the Central Bank of China, the Supervisory Committee is invested with the duty to examine the Reserves held against Note-Issue. The Committee has on the 28th day of February, 1930 held its forty-sixth examination at the Issue Department of the Bank, the result is as follows:\n\nTotal amount of notes in circulation: Dollar Notes $12,484,888.00 Subsidiary Coin Notes $1,365,500.00 $13,850,388.00\n\nReserves against notes in circulation: Cash Reserve $9,007,883.24 (of the above sum $5,284,574.82 is kept in Shanghai Office, balance $1,162,085.14 is kept in Branches and Sub-branches $2,561,223.28 is kept in Local Banks). Securities Reserve $4,843,004.80 $13,850,888.04\n\nAccording to Article 2 of the Bank's regulation governing note issue, the Bank is required to keep Cash Reserve @ 60% and Securities Reserve @ 40% of the total issue. Finding the Cash Reserve to exceed 60% and the Securities Reserve not over 40%, we hereby certify that the reserves against notes in circulation are in order.\n\nSigned by Messrs. Li Ming, Chairman of the Committee; C. L. Wang, Tsuyee Pei, Z. C. Zing, Yu Ya-ching, K. H. Lin and C. M. Shu, Supervisors.\n\nOPIUM SUPPRESSION MEASURES\n\nFor the effective prevention of opium smuggling into China, all vehicles, vessels and aeroplanes entering or passing through the territorial limits of China, whether on land, upon water or in the air shall be subject to search by the responsible local opium-suppression authorities and the bureaux of public safety. This decision was reached at a joint meeting on March 6 of the various Ministries concerned and the Central Opium-Suppression Committee. It was also decided to make it incumbent upon all communication organs, civic organizations and the revenue bureaux throughout the country to render all necessary assistance in the matter of enforcing the search.\n\nA recent communication from the Secretariat of the League of Nations at Geneva received at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs states that the following measures for the prevention of opium smuggling were adopted at the 10th International Opium-Conference:\n\n1. Customs Authorities should conduct a search of all suspicious looking packages.\n\nCall \"35353\"\n\nFOU YELLOW TAXI IS WARMER\n\n89", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-520-6 Railway development- Canton-Kowloon Railway 5-11-1929 - 5-11-1930.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 521882, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930", "page_number": 43, "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930", "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government, and should be returned to the Foreign Office if not required for official use.\n\nBARAT KABAN SA de setmana\n\n42\n\nFrom\n\nCHINA.\n\nDecode.\n\nSir M. Lampson (Shanghai via Peking) on tour.\n\nSeptember 28th 1930.\n\nD. Peking. 11.00 a.m.\n\nSeptember 29th 1930.\n\nR. 9.00 a.m.\n\nSeptember 29th 1930.\n\nNo.225.\n\n(R).\n\n2751/30\n\nAddressed to Hongkong No.59.\n\nMy telegram No.58 and last paragraph of my telegram No.163 to Foreign Office of May 7th.\n\nIt has occurred to me that if agreement were after all signed between Maze and you or me it might possibly save a lot of trouble over minor points with Minister for Foreign Affairs and Waichiopu who always make meticulous difficulties over matters of form or phraseology etc. Maze is agreeable and quotes Dairen and Tsingtao customs agreements as precedents for this.\n\nI do not know and am indeed doubtful whether Chinese government would nowadays agree to this procedure but if you concur and Foreign Office approve we might try for it. In that case Maze would make necessary alterations in draft before submitting it to Sung (see my letter of September 27th and memorandum of September 28th).\n\nRepeated to Foreign Office and Mr. Ingram.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 522324, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930", "page_number": 485, "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930", "content_text": "522\n\nto another Treaty-port to circulate freely in Hongkong for a whole year without Chinese Customs supervision, and then to be re-exported from Hongkong to a Treaty-port without losing status? And yet, that is virtually what Article IX, according to the Minister's draft, demands.\n\n(d) Finally, it is equally ridiculous to expect that China should confer upon Hongkong the privileged duty treatment accorded to foreign-style factories on Chinese soil, when she has expressly denied that privilege to Dairen and the Kwantung leased territory, and this too in spite of the fact that the Dairen Authorities have granted the Chinese Customs an incomparably greater measure of control than Hongkong has done.\n\nThe other differences between the July 1929 draft and the Minister's draft, such as the deletion of the Postal clause (Article V (g)), the payment by China of the total cost of Revenue officers engaged by Hongkong, etc. are more or less minor issues, and could possibly be adjusted; but if the four major changes, (a), (b), (c), and (d), enumerated above, are insisted upon, no other interpretation can be placed upon such action than that Hongkong has deliberately closed the door to further discussion! I sent this note to Lampson yesterday:-\n\n\"Dear Sir Miles,\n\n\"I have read the amended draft of the Agreement which you were good enough to hand to me informally on Monday last, and I regret to state that as regards essentials I find it unacceptable.\n\nI am anxious, however, to continue the negotiations with the Hongkong Authorities on the basis of the July 1929 draft, with Article V entirely deleted; or to discuss any other formula for co-operation which Hongkong may present provided that such formula", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 522396, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-521-14 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 31-10-1930 - 10-1-1931", "page_number": 59, "title": "CO129-521-14 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 31-10-1930 - 10-1-1931", "content_text": "ARTICLE IV.\n\nThere shall be a Commissioner and a Deputy Commissioner of the Chinese Customs Service appointed to reside in Hongkong. Such Commissioner (which expression shall be held to include an Acting Commissioner) shall be British, as heretofore, and shall be a person acceptable to the Hongkong Government. The Deputy Commissioner (which expression shall likewise include an Acting Deputy Commissioner) may be, if so desired, Chinese, but he shall also be a person acceptable to the Hongkong Government. The Commissioner shall be recognised as entitled to the precedence of a Consul according to seniority, and the Deputy Commissioner to the precedence of a Vice-Consul according to seniority.\n\nARTICLE V.\n\nNeither the Commissioner nor the Deputy Commissioner specified in the foregoing Article shall be regarded as being seconded under the terms of Article I. They shall not interfere with the control, discipline, or direction of the members of the seconded staff; but they shall remain, as heretofore, directly under the orders of the Inspector General of Chinese Customs. For the carrying out of the terms of this Agreement, they shall act as liaison officers between the Inspector General of Chinese Maritime Customs and the Hongkong Superintendent of Imports and Exports.\n\nARTICLE VI.\n\nCoasting steamer means any steam or motor vessel, not being a sea-going motor boat or launch as defined in Articles VIII and IX, which includes in its ports of call any places on the east coast of Asia between Dairen and Haiphong inclusive, or any place on any river flowing into the sea between Dairen and Haiphong, or any place in Formosa, and the usual extreme trading limits of which do not extend beyond such places.\n\nEvery coasting steamer clearing out of the Colony of Hongkong or arriving there shall provide a manifest in duplicate of all its cargo and shall be liable to search for unmanifested cargo by the proper Hongkong authorities. The Chinese duties on the cargo shipped from Hongkong on such steamers may, if desired by the shipper, or by the proper Hongkong authorities, be paid to the Chinese Maritime Customs Office in Hongkong.\n\nThe depositing of a false manifest by the master or agent of a coasting steamer shall render the master or agent liable to a fine or other penalty as may be decided by the proper Hongkong authorities under the terms of Article XXII.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-14 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 31-10-1930 - 10-1-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 522456, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-521-14 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 31-10-1930 - 10-1-1931", "page_number": 119, "title": "CO129-521-14 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 31-10-1930 - 10-1-1931", "content_text": "to include an Acting Commissioner) shall be British, as heretofore, and shall be a person acceptable to the Hong Kong Government. The Deputy Commissioner (which expression shall likewise include an Acting Deputy Commissioner) may be, if so desired, Chinese but he shall also be a person acceptable to the Hong Kong Government.\n\nARTICLE V.\n\nNeither the Commissioner, nor the Deputy Commissioner specified in the foregoing Article shall be regarded as being seconded under the terms of Article I. They shall not interfere with the control, discipline or direction of the members of the seconded staff; but they shall remain as heretofore directly under the orders of the Inspector General of Chinese Customs. For the carrying out of the terms of this Agreement they shall act as liaison officers between the Inspector General of Chinese Maritime Customs and the Hong Kong Superintendent of Imports and Exports.\n\nVI\n\nCoasting steamer means any steam or motor vessel but being a sea-going motor boat or launch, which includes in its ports of call any place on the east coast of Asia between Dairen and Haiphong inclusive, or any place on any river flowing into the sea between Dairen and Haiphong, or any place in Formosa, and the usual extreme trading limits of which do not extend beyond such places.\n\nEvery coasting steamer clearing out of the Colony of Hong Kong or arriving there shall provide a manifest in duplicate of all its cargo and shall be liable to search for unmanifested cargo by the proper Hong Kong authorities.\n\nThe Chinese dues on the cargo shipped from Hong Kong on such steamers", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-14 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 31-10-1930 - 10-1-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 522470, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-521-14 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 31-10-1930 - 10-1-1931", "page_number": 133, "title": "CO129-521-14 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 31-10-1930 - 10-1-1931", "content_text": "ARTICLE IV.\n\nThere shall be a Commissioner and a Deputy Commissioner of the Chinese Customs Service appointed to reside in Hongkong. Such Commissioner (which expression shall be held to include an Acting Commissioner) shall be British, as heretofore, and shall be a person acceptable to the Hongkong Government. The Deputy Commissioner (which expression shall likewise include an Acting Deputy Commissioner) may be, if so desired, Chinese, but he shall also be a person acceptable to the Hongkong Government. The Commissioner shall be recognised as entitled to the precedence of a Consul according to seniority, and the Deputy Commissioner to the precedence of a Vice-Consul according to seniority.\n\nARTICLE V.\n\nNeither the Commissioner nor the Deputy Commissioner specified in the foregoing Article shall be regarded as being seconded under the terms of Article 1. They shall not interfere with the control, discipline, or direction of the members of the seconded staff; but they shall remain, as heretofore, directly under the orders of the Inspector General of Chinese Customs. For the carrying out of the terms of this Agreement they shall act as liaison officers between the Inspector General of Chinese Maritime Customs and the Hongkong Superintendent of Imports and Exports.\n\nARTICLE VI.\n\nCoasting steamer means any steam or motor vessel, not being a sea-going motor boat or launch as defined in Articles VIII and IX, which includes in its ports of call any places on the east coast of Asia between Dairen and Haiphong inclusive, or any place on any river flowing into the sea between Dairen and Haiphong, or any place in Formosa, and the usual extreme trading limits of which do not extend beyond such places.\n\nEvery coasting steamer clearing out of the Colony of Hongkong or arriving there shall provide a manifest in duplicate of all its cargo and shall be liable to search for unmanifested cargo by the proper Hongkong authorities. The Chinese duties on the cargo shipped from Hongkong on such steamers may, if desired by the shipper, or by the proper Hongkong authorities, be paid to the Chinese Maritime Customs Office in Hongkong.\n\nThe depositing of a false manifest by the master or agent of a coasting steamer shall render the master or agent liable to a fine or other penalty as may be decided by the proper Hongkong authorities under the terms of Article XXII.\n\nPage 125", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-14 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 31-10-1930 - 10-1-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 526505, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-527-7 Unofficial Japanese attitude towards China 30-3-1930 - 30-3-1930", "page_number": 6, "title": "CO129-527-7 Unofficial Japanese attitude towards China 30-3-1930 - 30-3-1930", "content_text": "## Chief Secretaries:- \nMr. Katsuji Inahara, editorial adviser of the Tokyo Nichi Nichi. \nMr. Kanji Maruyama, of the Osaka Mainichi. \n\n## Members of the Council:- \nDr. Inazo Nitobe. \nMr. Yosaburo Takekoshi. \nMr. Mitsushi Kono. \nMr. Shunzaburo Komura. \nMr. Katsuji Fuse. \nMr. Shobi Shimoda. \nMr. Komei Nishimura. \nMr. Kiyokaze Hirakawa. \nMr. Shinnosuke Abe. \nMr. Kan Sugiyama. \nDr. Makoto Nishimura. \nMr. Junji Yamada. \nMr. Torao Namura. \nMr. Otokichi Kuroda. \nMr. Kichizo Fukuda. \nMr. Zenro Sato. \nMr. Motosaburo Takata. \nMr. Ai-ichi Nishinoiri. \nMr. Asajiro Mitsumata. \nMr. Hidesuke Hano. \nMr. Kenjiro Segawa. \nMr. Yukio Sawamura. (Shanghai) \nMr. Seiichi Ishimura. (Dairen) \nMr. Kokugyo Nagaoka. (Peiping) \nMr. Joroku Yoshioka. (Nanking) \nMr. Isao Miike. (Mukden) \nMr. Eisei Kobayashi. (Harbin) \nMr. Shu Ashikaga. (Hankow) \nMr. Yukio Tokutomi. (Hongkong) \nMr. Hideo Baba. \n\nOsaka, March 30, 1930\n\nPage 6", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-527-7 Unofficial Japanese attitude towards China 30-3-1930 - 30-3-1930.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528211, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "page_number": 168, "title": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "content_text": "# LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL\n\nThe Right Honourable **ARTHUR HENDERSON, M.P.** \nSecretary of State for Foreign Affairs. \nThe Right Honourable **WILLIAM GRAHAM, M.P.**, President of the Board of Trade.\n\n**GENTLEMEN,**\n\n1. On behalf of the British Economic Mission to the Far East, I transmit to you herewith the Report which, in accordance with our terms of reference, we have prepared on the present condition of British trade in China and Japan. Our conclusions and recommendations are summarised at the end of our Report, and we submit them in the earnest hope that they will receive the full approval and support of His Majesty's Government, and that where action is recommended it may follow at the earliest possible date.\n\n2. It was considered desirable that before visiting China we should return, on behalf of His Majesty's Government, the visit paid to Great Britain in 1921-22 by the Japanese Business Men's Mission under the leadership of Baron Takuma Dan. In Japan we had the honour of being received by H.I.M. the Emperor of Japan. The Japanese Government were also kind enough to act as one of our hosts. We desire to express our most grateful thanks to them and in particular to H.E. Baron Shidehara, the Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs, and the Japanese Foreign Office for their hospitality and the work which they did in co-ordinating our programme.\n\n3. Our most grateful thanks are also due to the esteemed and generous Baron and Baroness Dan, whose never-failing hospitality did so much to make our visit to Japan one of the most memorable experiences of our lives. The kindness of Baron and Baroness Dan could not have been exceeded and was in the true tradition of Japanese hospitality. We shall always carry with us the happiest memories of them and we desire to place on record our deep appreciation of all they did for us and our most sincere wishes for their continued health and prosperity.\n\n4. In China it was our privilege to be received by the President of the Chinese Republic and to be entertained by H.E. the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Dr. C.T. Wang, H.E. the Minister of Industry, Commerce and Labour, Dr. K'ung, and H.E. the Minister of Railways, Dr. Sun Fo. We thank them most sincerely for their kindness and hospitality of which we shall always have the most pleasant recollections.\n\n5. In Japan we visited the cities of Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagoya, Kyoto, Osaka, and Kobe. In China we visited the cities of Nanking, Shanghai, Tientsin, Peiping (Peking), Harbin, Mukden, Dairen, Tsingtau, and Canton. A party of the Mission also visited the city of Hankow, and we stayed in the Colony of Hongkong. We desire to express our gratitude for the hospitality and consideration everywhere shown to us by the officers of the Chinese and Japanese Governments, by the Governors of the provinces and prefectures, and by the Mayors and Corporations of the cities which we visited. Our thanks are also due to the Chambers of Commerce and Industry, to all Associations, Chinese, Japanese, and British, which afforded us such useful assistance in our work and entertained us so liberally, and further to those who, both in China and Japan, granted us the privilege of seeing their works and factories. We also thank the Government of Hongkong for the reception and the help which they accorded to us.\n\n6. We desire to place on record our gratitude to H.M. Minister in China and H.M. Chargé d'Affaires in Japan and to all Diplomatic, Consular, and Commercial Diplomatic Officers in China and Japan for the hospitality and help which they gave to us during our visit.\n\n7. To our many Chinese, Japanese, and British hosts and hostesses we would convey our thanks for the hospitality and consideration which they most generously gave us. We are delighted to have met them and to have made so many personal friendships in the Far East.\n\n8. We wish to thank the Department of Overseas Trade for releasing Mr. Louis Beale for service on the Mission and to express our high appreciation of his invaluable help and advice. We desire to acknowledge our indebtedness to Mr. St. Quintin Hill who as Secretary has rendered to myself and to each member of the Mission untiring service and the greatest possible assistance, and we also desire to record our great appreciation of the valuable services rendered not only to us but also the Cotton Mission by Mr. F.A. Barnes, our Assistant Secretary.\n\n17th March, 1931.\n\nI have the honour to be, Gentlemen, \nYour obedient Servant, \n(Sgd.) **ERNEST THOMPSON**, \nChairman.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528244, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "page_number": 201, "title": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "content_text": "## WATER TRANSPORTATION\n\n132. The increased use of mechanical power to replace or supplement sail on the Chinese waterways leads to a considerable demand for engines. Small steam engines are now easily made locally and local firms are also prepared to make some of the simpler types of oil engine in small sizes. But there is a good market in imported Diesel engines. Unfortunately, our prices are on the high side and our ability to service our engines is less than that of some of our competitors. Also, our manufacturers are more insistent on the cash basis than our competitors. Discrimination should be made between good and bad risks, and there are many of the former.\n\nHow great is the competition in crude-oil engines is shown by the fact that 44 different makes are represented in China. Three important Continental firms, MAN, Sulzer, and Deutz, have strong staffs of experts and engineers. This is a market where a real expert and a good supply of exhibition and consignment sets are necessary. Deutz, for instance, carry about 2,000 H.P. from 8 to 200 H.P., in stock.\n\nBritish engines can be sold on quality by a live agent, but this is a business which is of no use to mere order takers—a description which, after all, fits many of the merchants. Order getters are needed, and these must be expert engine salesmen. The sizes in demand are from about 8 H.P. up to 600 H.P.\n\n133. The following example of a contract for a coasting vessel is instructive:-\n\n| Details | Specification |\n| --- | --- |\n| Engines | Twin Screw Atlas Polar Diesel Marine Engines |\n| Type | Direct reversing, 6-cylinder, 2-cycle, solid injection |\n| Includes | Necessary compressors, pumps, and spares |\n| Power | 750 h.p. each engine at 220 r.p.m. |\n| Additional Items | One 10 k.w. and one 7 k.w. crude oil lighting sets, two 1 ton electric winches, and electrically-driven anchor windlass |\n| Total Price | United States, $61,000 |\n| Payment Terms | 5% with order, 5% 90 days after, 10% on shipment, 20% 6 months later, 20% 12 months later, 20% 18 months later, 20% 24 months later |\n| Interest on Deferred Payments | 6% |\n\n134. A Swedish marine diesel of 300 h.p. is sold in China for about £2,000. German prices run about £9 per h.p. down to quite small sizes.\n\nIn Manchuria, steamers for the Sungarei river are built locally by both Chinese and foreign builders; in particular, the Skoda works are constructing three boats. The terms on which these vessels are sold are stated to be 10% bargain money, 20% on launching, and 35% at the end of each of the two first voyages. At Shanghai, there is considerable shipbuilding for river and coasting work. It is said that for many of the detailed parts, our knowledge of marine requirements gives us a good chance, but our prices tend to be too high.\n\n## AVIATION\n\n135. Aviation forms the subject of a separate and confidential memorandum.\n\n## (b) Public Utilities\n\n### ELECTRICITY SUPPLY\n\n136. In China, the use of electric light is very popular, and today every town of any importance has electric light, but often in very small units. Each of these towns is, however, a nucleus for development either by linking into a comprehensive scheme or by normal extension. In Manchuria, the growing towns all want electricity stations, and officials and merchants will support schemes, but construction will undoubtedly have to be on credit terms, say 20% down and then payment out of revenues.\n\nThere are, altogether, over 400 supply stations large and small, ranging from Shanghai with its great installation of 140,000 k.w. and an output of over 500,000,000 units per annum down to small town Diesel stations of 20 k.w. or even less.\n\nThe British share in electrical development in China has been very considerable so far as power plant is concerned. British industry has equipped the greater part of the big Shanghai power house and has supplied large plant for such installations as the Mukden Arsenal, Tientsin, Kowloon, Hankow, Hangchow, and for a large number of small isolated installations depending on Diesel engines or small steam engines.\n\nSince 1923, the British contribution has averaged about 40,000 k.w. a year compared with an estimated annual increase in the plant capacity of between 50,000 to 60,000 k.w.\n\n137. Outside Shanghai, stations of over 20,000 k.w. capacity exist at Dairen, Fushun Colliery, Hongkong, Kowloon, Canton, and Hankow. In addition, there are about half a dozen stations of from 5 to 10 thousand k.w. and as many more of 1 to 5 thousand. Excepting the large foreign-run stations in treaty ports, development of existing stations is fraught with many difficulties. Lack of capital, depreciated plant, leaky mains, and thefts of current are among these. At Canton, for instance, of actual units generated, only 30% are paid for, and it remains to be seen whether stringent regulations which have been introduced to stop illicit use of current will be effective. It is interesting to note that a Government Department has been formed to investigate the expansion of...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528247, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "page_number": 204, "title": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "content_text": "# EXPLOITATION\n\n## S.E. China\n\n149. Naturally, the exploitation of China's coalfields has been dependent on railway construction, although some mines in the interior continue to be worked by primitive methods, and the coal transported by camels. This is particularly the case with the more remote parts of the Chihli coalfield, from which considerable quantities of coal are sent to Peiping (Peking) by camel transport. For the whole of China, the highest production of coal yet reached was 25,780,000 tons in 1924, of which about 6,057,000 tons were from the Japanese Railway Zone in South Manchuria. Since then, production has declined owing to civil wars.\n\n150. The Fushun Mine, controlled by the South Manchurian Railway Company, has an output of 7 million tons per annum. Over half of this comes from a great open cut working, the largest of its nature in the world. The remainder comes from coal pits drawing from the Eastern end of the field.\n\nThe coal has low ash content but is high in volatile constituents and moisture. It has good calorific value but requires a specially designed boiler for most efficient working. Only a small proportion of the coal won is suitable for coking and that only by blending with other coal.\n\nThe bulk of the output is shipped through Dairen. A big coaling pier with up-to-date mechanical loading has recently been installed. It is based on the system in use at Norfolk, Virginia. There are four loaders of 600-ton capacity to which the coal is brought in special 60-ton trucks. The coal is widely distributed in Japan and China, not only for ship use but also for industrial power. The Shanghai Power Company, for instance, is a large consumer.\n\nThe shale which overlies the open cut working is oil-bearing. The oil content is not high but has justified the installation of a fine plant on the Scotch principle to produce about 200 tons of crude oil daily.\n\n151. Other Manchurian Mines are Pensihu and Yentai, both near Fushun. The former is important as the supplier of coke for the Anshan Iron Works of the South Manchurian Railway.\n\nThe Chinese have a mine in South Manchuria at Peipiao and, in North Manchuria, mines at Mulin and Hokwan, each with an output of 300,000 tons per annum, and smaller mines at Haigan and Jalinor.\n\n152. The Kailan Mining Administration at Tangshan, Chihli, the production of which is over 5,000,000 tons yearly, is on the Peking-Mukden line, near the port of Chinwangtau. This concern has by far the largest share of China's coal trade and comes next to Fushun in the export and bunker trade. Its coal is distributed not only all over North China but by sea to Shanghai and up the lower Yangtse. It is steadily increasing its sales in Shanghai itself. In addition to the advantage of fine equipment and administration of their workings, both Fushun and Kailan have the benefit of able organisations for distribution. Their coaling stations and coaling wharves are admirably equipped, their vehicles are economically used, and their market both for wholesalers and retailers is systematically exploited.\n\n153. The Tsuchuan Mine, at Poshan, Shantung, which produced 800,000 tons of coal in 1926, has, as well as the local market in Shantung, an export trade partly to Japan and partly to China ports. There is also a bunker trade at Tsingtau, and the company has an iron works, smelting local ore, of which, however, the reserve is small. The iron is taken by Japan, which has an interest in the company.\n\n154. The Chunghsing Mine, at Ihsien, Shantung, on the Tientsin-Pukow railway, with an output of 795,000 tons (1924), supplies the railway and, to an increasing extent, the middle and lower Yangtse Valley. The Company is purely Chinese.\n\n155. The group of collieries along the Peiping (Peking)-Hankow railway, on the south-western borders of Shansi, comprise the biggest coal-producing district. Notable among them are:", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528250, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "page_number": 207, "title": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "content_text": "## TEXTILE MACHINERY\n\n166. There are in China already about 120 cotton mills equipped with modern machinery, chiefly of British manufacture. Owing to war difficulties Japan and the United States obtained a larger proportion of the work for a while, but Great Britain is reasserting her dominant position and in 1929 accounted for 63 per cent. of the imports. It is estimated that a further 75,000 spindles were delivered in 1930. Continued activity in mill extensions is anticipated following the new tariff. It is stated that a certain carelessness has recently characterised replacement parts supplied by our makers. The greatest care in this sort of business is essential as we must take every care of our high prestige.\n\nIn many cases, as in Japan, the complete process from spinning to finishing is carried out in one establishment but the example of our Calico Printers' Association, who have erected a first-class finishing works at Shanghai on British lines, is likely to be imitated elsewhere. There are already four finishing works of smaller size. Much of the bulky work for this section of the trade is likely to be of local manufacture, but there will remain good openings for import.\n\nThe closely allied knitting and sewing machine business, is at present largely in American hands, but in small knitting machines for cottage industry, locally made machines are gaining ground. Close study of exact requirements of this trade should result in Great Britain securing a better share, but given the right article energetic demonstration and selling will be needed to get it accepted by conservative users.\n\n## ENGINEERING WORKS\n\n167. From large dockyards and arsenals down to small Chinese workshops there is considerable activity in engineering industry. The dockyards are steady buyers of machinery and stores of which Great Britain supplies a good proportion. At Hongkong in addition to the Government Yard, there are two large private yards with very complete equipments for ship building and ship repairs. They are also able to carry out large constructional work. The Whampoa Dockyard at Kowloon is a very fine yard, with well arranged and substantially built premises, and completely equipped workshops, docks and slipways. Its foundries turn out excellent castings, both for its own use and for others; its forges and machine shops are able to undertake high quality work. Similar conditions prevail at the Taikoo Dock of Messrs. Butterfield & Swire at Hongkong and at the four large dockyards of Shanghai, the Shanghai Dock & Engineering Company, the New Engineering & Shipbuilding Works (which are British), the Kiangnang Dock & Engineering Works (which belong to the Chinese Government, but has a British Manager), and the Société Franco-Chinoise (which is partly French-owned partly Chinese). With their excellent management, good equipment and cheap labour, these yards are able to take on important work very competitively.\n\n168. The rates of wages vary from place to place. As an instance, may be given the rate at Kiangnang where coolies get fifty cents a day, skilled men one dollar and fifty cents a day and foremen one hundred and fifty dollars a month.* Owing to the expert nature of their work and their knowledge of the value of machinery, these yards are among Britain's best customers. But we must support them by an energetic sales policy of our own.\n\nChina has some 20 arsenals, some of which are very fully equipped, and all of which are from time to time, buyers of machinery and materials. The two arsenals at Mukden have very complete workshops. The large arsenal has a big power plant of British make, but the bulk of its equipment is Danish. The small arsenal has numerous tools of rather a miscellaneous character, mostly second hand. Both of them are considering seriously the problem of taking on industrial work. The large arsenal has had several Czech engineers engaged for a considerable time to report on the possibility of doing this.\n\nIt is suggested that assembly and part-construction of railway rolling stock would be a suitable activity. The small arsenal has already started in this direction by using its foundry for turning out domestic radiators, and its other departments are busy getting ready to make a special type of motor lorry suited to Manchurian requirements.\n\n169. Another big section of engineering activity is to be found in the railway workshops. These vary in importance according to the activity of the lines they serve, but in the bulk form a very large market for engineering plant and materials.\n\nThe South Manchurian Railway workshops at Dairen are exceptionally well equipped. Many of the older tools are British, but the new ones are chiefly American or Japanese, with only a few specialties of British make. The equipment is so complete that in addition to repairs they can make vehicles and even locomotives. For general repair work they can tackle 30 locomotives, 40 passenger vehicles and 100 wagons at a time. They employ about 3,000 men, half of whom are Chinese. The educational, housing, and welfare arrangements are very ample and the whole place, including all offices and factory buildings, is a model one.\n\nThe Chinese Eastern Railway at Mukden also have an excellent lay out designed for rapid overhaul of their considerable rolling stock. Unfortunately they have very little British machinery here owing, so their chief engineer stated, to our very poor propaganda compared to the United States educational advertising.\n\n* See note to paragraph 189.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528258, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "page_number": 215, "title": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "content_text": "288\n\n98\n\nAs a competing factor against British imports, the manufacture of rough, heavy type cloths for army use does not count. With reference to cloth imports, it is not useful to attempt many specific comparisons between pre-war and present conditions because of the following facts:\n\n(1) Chinese Customs classifications have been varied since 1915.\n\n(2) On the grounds of economy, Hongkong has kept no records from 1925 to 1929, inclusive. These were recommenced in April, 1930, and only the nine months to December 31st, 1930, are available.\n\n(3) The Chinese Maritime Customs returns for 1930 will not be available until August or September, 1931.\n\n(4) Certain classes of goods, for instance, camlets, lastings, long ells, Spanish stripes, etc., have now, owing to change of fashion or the habits of the people, become of small or no importance.\n\n(5) Wide fluctuations in the price of silver have occurred, rendering conversion into or comparisons in sterling values difficult and perhaps misleading.\n\nCertain statistics are available, however, which show clearly enough the trend of the wool textile trade.\n\n## HONGKONG\n\n201. Imports for the last nine months each of 1922, 1923, 1924, and 1930 are given below:\n\n| Year | Total Imports | Great Britain's Share | Percentage |\n|------|---------------|---------------------|------------|\n| 1922 | £846,000 | | 84.0 |\n| 1923 | £1,488,000 | | 86.0 |\n| 1924 | £2,385,000 | | 90.3 |\n| 1930 | £887,000 | | 48.7 |\n\nTotal imports of woollen and worsted cloth and yarn into Hongkong for the last nine months of each year.\n\nThe seven most important classes of imports are set out in Table XVII of Appendix B. They account for approximately 88 per cent. of the total wool cloth imports into China in 1926, and 91 per cent. in 1929. For comparative purposes, the balance of the imports may be ignored. It will be seen that in one class only, Venetians, has Great Britain maintained her share. In this class, she secured in 1926 £775,000, or 85.8 per cent., and in 1929, £501,000, or 94.5 per cent. It will be noted that the Venetian trade has declined considerably and that Britain's actual volume of trade is smaller in 1929 than in 1926. A fairly large proportion of Venetians is used for making the uppers of Chinese shoes, for which strength and quality are essential. It is likely that Great Britain will maintain her trade here. As to the remaining portion of Venetian imports, used for clothing, we are informed that a movement is discernible to replace these by light-weight serges, imperials, etc., which are sufficiently good in quality for clothing purposes and are much cheaper in price. It is to be expected that the Venetian trade will either not improve or will actually grow less in the future.\n\n203. Despite the unsettled conditions in China for the past few years, the market for woollen and worsted cloth as a whole has grown steadily, and with more settled conditions in the future, we believe that it will expand rapidly and become most important as an outlet for wool cloth and yarn exporting countries. Owing to the Chinese love of speculation in their buying, it is not wise to accept individual years for statistical purposes. Taking the average of 1912 and 1913 on one hand, and moving averages of three years in the most recent period on the other hand, we get the following:\n\nAverage imports of woollen and worsted cloth for 1912 and 1913 | 1,020,000\nAverage imports of woollen and worsted cloth for 1925, 1926, and 1927 | 3,820,000\nAverage imports of woollen and worsted cloth for 1926, 1927, and 1928 | 4,596,000\nAverage imports of woollen and worsted cloth for 1927, 1928, and 1929 | 4,033,000\n\n(Note. The imports for the first three months of each year are unimportant as the main importing season ends in December. These figures, therefore, may be accepted as truly indicative.)\n\n## CHINA (EXCLUDING HONGKONG)\n\n202. The Chinese Maritime Customs Returns (excluding imports from Hongkong) show that:\n\n| Year | Great Britain's Share of Total Woollen and Worsted Imports | Percentage |\n|------|-----------------------------------------------|------------|\n| 1913 | | 68.2 |\n| 1926 | | 65.5 |\n| 1929 | | 47.7 |\n\nAfter making all allowances for the increases in selling prices following the War, marked growth is shown.\n\n204. Perusal of the foregoing and the information given in Appendix B forces us inevitably to the conclusion that something is seriously wrong with much of Great Britain's offerings—cloth in particular—in the China market. That \"something\" is price. We have interviewed from 90 to 100 leading merchants, importers, and dealers—British, Continental, and Chinese—in all the most important trading centres, including Harbin, Mukden, Dairen, Tientsin, Shanghai, Hongkong, and Canton. Without exception, we have been told, ad nauseam, that China is now entirely a price market—that quality, while desirable, is beyond the reach of the...\n\n289", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528277, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "page_number": 234, "title": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "content_text": "## 326\n\nThis raises an important point as a great deal of the canned products are sold in England and Europe, and although under the International Agreement America is barred from selling plates there directly, she is actually doing so indirectly, as all products from Japan, Kamchatka, etc., are packed in American tinplate. Pressure should be brought to bear on buyers and distributors in England to specify that only British plates are used for packing. With regard to the Neft Sindikat, no pressure can be brought to bear. They cannot be brought to task for using Russian tinplate, and the geographical position of America is such that supplies are likely to come from the States rather than from England. The question here hinges on price and credit facilities. It is interesting to note that their programme of extension includes the establishment of depots or installations at Mukden, Dairen, Hankow, Tientsin, and Shanghai. If this programme materialises, their tinplate demand will increase beyond the capabilities of the Lisiev Works and they will have to go into the market for their supplies. Apart from pressure as to the source of supply for Soiuzryba, the question is one of credit and credit only. Taking the quality for granted, this organization would pay a higher price for plates to the firm which gives the best credit facilities rather than a low price on a cash basis.\n\nIf British manufacturers wish to get this market they must be prepared to grant credits, otherwise it will continue in American hands and will become entirely lost to us. Either the Export Credits Scheme must be extended to meet the conditions necessary, or the trade itself must be prepared to insure or finance deals of this nature.\n\nannum.\n\nIn Harbin, which is the centre of distribution for Northern Manchuria, the market conditions are quite different from those of Vladivostok. The principal consumer is the Neft Sindikat, using about 7-8,000 cases per annum; until recently these came from British sources, but now only Russian plates made at the Lisvievinsky Works are used. The cans are made up by Vegedeka and Co., a small firm of can makers, lithographers, and meat, fruit, and vegetable canners, with a specialty in canned chicken and guliash. The cans are made up by hand and soldered on a semi-automatic soldering machine. Messrs. Vegedeka themselves use about 1,000 cases per annum and have bought these through the Jardine Engineering Corporation or through one of the Chinese hardware merchants, of whom there are some five or six. All these merchants get their supplies from Shanghai, and for purposes of calculation, this consumption has been included in the figures for that city. They take between them some 3-4,000 cases, all 20 x 14, 90, and 100 lb. substance.\n\nMessrs. Vegedeka are most anxious to get into touch with some firm in England who will take up their products, and if this could be arranged would guarantee to buy their supplies of tin-plate from British sources.\n\nBoth the A.P.C. and Standard Oil Company have depots in Harbin, but receive their supplies ready canned from their respective installations in Newchang and Dairen. In any case, however, they do not affect the consumption as purchases are made direct by their head offices in London and New York, and the figures given for oil companies in the report dated 27th October, 1930, include Manchuria. From the above, therefore, it will be noticed that Northern Manchuria does not offer much inducement to tinplate manufacturers, especially as the majority of the plates come from Russian sources.\n\nIn Dairen and Newchang, there is a certain consumption of tinplate which is used for packing biscuits made by the Chinese, and also for the canning of dyes in powder form for export. This is estimated at about 4-5,000 basis boxes, but comes from merchants in Shanghai.\n\n## 137\n\n## APPENDIX B\n\n## THE WOOL TEXTILE INDUSTRY\n\n### TABLE I\n\nImports of Wools, Tops, Wool Yarns, and Woollen Piece Goods into Japan from all Sources.\n\n| Year | Wool | Tops | Wool Yarns (a) | Woollen and Worsted Piece Goods (b) |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1913 | lb. 11,517,434 | lb. 9,374,373 | lb. | sq. yds. 7,325,533 |\n| 1914 | 12,534,880 | 8,130,938 | 3,227,768 | 12,869,140 |\n| 1915 | 52,115,387 | 5,141,167 | 326,104 | 4,062,052 |\n| 1916 | 40,544,150 | 5,930,464 | 887,282 | 4,152,592 |\n| 1917 | 46,695,402 | 5,721,135 | 411,530 | 3,636,780 |\n| 1918 | 47,993,954 | 3,370,658 | 80,101 | 5,071,470 |\n| 1919 | 50,967,070 | 4,285,283 | 161,253 | 3,648,761 |\n| 1920 | 70,567,632 | 3,783,980 | 1,625,614 | 9,954,607 |\n| 1921 | 29,887,332 | 5,472,804 | 4,608,292 | 11,273,810 |\n| 1922 | 66,919,758 | 7,833,294 | 16,040,938 | 24,046,746 |\n| 1923 | 57,314,443 | 11,178,402 | 25,975,012 | 26,331,343 |\n| 1924 | 59,038,715 | 10,699,585 | 20,845,692 | 35,513,335 |\n| 1925 | 69,585,660 | 11,366,226 | 15,477,981 | 26,192,993 |\n| 1926 | 72,471,527 | 8,479,697 | 12,247,203 | 14,762,713 |\n| 1927 | 98,447,503 | 5,919,876 | 18,266,547 | 16,716,768 |\n| 1928 | 114,774,250 | 1,701,918 | 11,569,263 | 17,355,431 |\n| 1929 | 107,087,776 | 56,851,233 | 701,560 | 21,031 |\n| 1930 (1st half) | 7,418,346 | 10,920,571 | 3,490,912 | 3,230,151 |\n\n(a) Including Worsted Yarns and mixed yarns of cotton and wool.\n(b) Including Velvets and Plushes, Woollen cloths, and serges of wool and of wool and cotton.\n\n### TABLE II\n\nImports into Japan of Tops from Australia and Great Britain.\n\n| From | 1926 | 1927 | 1928 | 1929 | 1930 1st half |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Australia | lb. 4,416,967 | lb. 3,960,117 | lb. 1,181,703 | lb. 4,030,784 | lb. 2,041,124 |\n| Great Britain | 3,960,117 | 2,041,124 | 519,500 | 431,800 | 2,500 |\n| All Countries | 8,481,620 | 5,921,219 | 1,702,200 | 701,700 | 21,010 |\n| | | | 264,100 | 18,500 | 0 |\n| | | | | 375 | E 4 |\n\n## 327", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528439, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932", "page_number": 20, "title": "CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932", "content_text": "abroad - 2 \n\n20 goods ex-exported in their original packages within three years of the date of importation received, on complying with certain formalities, drawback certificates entitling them to a refund of the import duty paid at the port of entry into China. A similar privilege was accorded to native goods re-exported abroad within one year from the date of importation in respect of coast trade duty paid at Shanghai or other port. The term \"re-exportation abroad\" was held to apply not merely to foreign countries, but also to the ports of Dairen and (until its restoration to China) Tsingtao, as having a foreign status. With the abolition of the Coast Trade duties, the need for drawbacks on native cargo re-exported abroad disappeared, and the Chinese Government decided to withdraw also the similar privilege hitherto accorded to foreign imports.\n\nAs regards the effect of this withdrawal on foreign trade generally, enquiries made by the Commercial Counsellor to this Legation amongst Shanghai merchants led to the conclusion that it was not likely to be serious; no very great importance appeared to be attached to the abolition of the drawback system, the position being apparently that re-exports of duty-paid cargo to foreign countries were negligible. While I have no information as to the particular position of Hong Kong in regard to this point of the re-export abroad of foreign imports, it would not seem therefore that the elimination of the provision for such drawbacks in Article XVI(d) is likely to have any serious consequences.\n\nI have the honour to be, \nSir, \nYour Excellency's obedient servant, \n(sd). E.M.B. Ingram. \nIn the absence of H.M. Minister.\n\nPage 20 \nPage 21", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528446, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932", "page_number": 27, "title": "CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932", "content_text": "## 27\n\nyear, was that foreign goods re-exported abroad in their original packages within three years of the date of importation received, on complying with certain formalities, drawback certificates entitling them to a refund of the import duty paid at the port of entry into China. A similar privilege was accorded to native goods re-exported abroad within one year from the date of importation in respect of coast trade duty paid at Shanghai or other port. The term \"re-exportation abroad\" was held to apply not merely to foreign countries, but also to the ports of Dairen and (until its restoration to China) Tsingtao, as having **foreign status**.\n\nTrade davies, the need for drawbacks on native cargo re-exported abroad disappeared, and the Chinese Government decided to withdraw also the similar privilege hitherto accorded to foreign imports. As regards the effect of this withdrawal on foreign trade generally, enquiries made by the Commercial Counsellor to this Legation amongst Shanghai merchants led to the conclusion that it was not likely to be serious; no very great importance appeared to be attached to the abolition of the drawback system, the position being apparently that re-exports of duty-paid cargo to foreign countries were negligible. \n\nI have no information as to the particular position of Hongkong in regard to this point of the re-export abroad with the abolition of the Coast ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528488, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932", "page_number": 69, "title": "CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932", "content_text": "# Confidential.\n\nShanghai Office of the Inspectorate General of Customs.\n\n21, Hart Road,\n\nShanghai. 11th November, 1930\n\nDear Sir Miles,\n\nI acknowledge with thanks the receipt of your letters dated 15th and 22nd ultimo.\n\nIn regard to the Tientsin Commissionership, the fact that I proposed Lawford for the post indicates that I share your view that it is desirable to have an Englishman there. But a hitch occurred; Marshal Chang did not know Lawford, but he knew of de Luca, whose brother was Commissioner in Harbin in his father's time. In these circumstances he hinted that de Luca would be acceptable, and I formed the opinion that it would be impolitic for me to contest the point.\n\nMy mission to Hongkong was entirely satisfactory, and Sir C. Grenville Alabaster and I are now in complete agreement respecting the terms of the proposed Convention. I am endeavouring to secure Nanking's approval, and I have reason to believe that they, too, are satisfied. The question of the form of the Agreement has arisen, and it seems that three proposals concerning the signatories have been examined, viz.:\n\n| Proposal | Signatories |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | To be signed by Minister of Foreign Affairs (Dr. C.T. Wang) and British Minister |\n| 2 | To be signed by British Minister and Inspector General of Customs (representing Chinese Government) |\n| 3 | To be signed by the Governor of Hongkong and Inspector General |\n\nIt seems that Nanking prefer not to give the Agreement the status of a Treaty, and desire to follow the precedents of the Tsingtao and Dairen Customs' Agreements. This being so, they are inclined to favour the latter plan - i.e., Governor and Inspector General to sign.\n\nYours sincerely,\n\n**(SGD) P.W. MAZE.**\n\netc., Peking.\n\netc., etc. \n\nHis Excellency, \nMiles W. Lampson, K.C.M.G., C.B., M.V.O.,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528528, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932", "page_number": 109, "title": "CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932", "content_text": "## \n\n109 \n\nknow whether the Chinese Government would nowadays agree \nto this procedure, to which Mr. Maze was agreeable and \nfor which he quoted the Dairen and Tsingtao Customs \nagreements as precedents. I thought, however, that if \nthe Governor concurred, and you, sir, approved, we might \ntry for this procedure, in which case Mr. Maze would \nmake the necessary alterations in the draft before sub- \nmitting it to the Minister of Finance (see my telegram \nNumber 225 Tour series). Mr. Ingram subsequently report- \ned that Mr. Maze had already submitted the draft to the \nMinister of Finance, though he had explained to him that \nthe preamble could be altered if it were held desirable \nfor anyone else to sign; he had urged Mr. T. V. Soong \nmost strongly to accept the agreement and had declined \nto go to Hongkong to clinch matters till he knew that \nNanking accepted the draft. I learnt from Foreign Office \nletter of the 6th of October to the Colonial Office, a \ncopy of which was forwarded to me in your despatch Number \n973 of October 11th, that the Department were not inclined to...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528548, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932", "page_number": 129, "title": "CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932", "content_text": "## \n\n2 \n\n129 \n\ngoods ex-exported in their original packages within three years of the date of importation received, on complying with certain formalities, drawback certificates entitling them to a refund of the import duty paid at the port of entry into China. A similar privilege was accorded to native goods re-exported abroad within one year from the date of importation in respect of coast trade duty paid at Shanghai or other port. The term \"re-exportation abroad\" was held to apply not merely to foreign countries, but also to the ports of Dairen and (until its restoration to China) Tsingtao, as having a foreign status. With the abolition of the Coast Trade duties, the need for drawbacks on native cargo re-exported abroad disappeared, and the Chinese Government decided to withdraw also the similar privilege hitherto accorded to foreign imports.\n\nAs regards the effect of this withdrawal on foreign trade generally, enquiries made by the Commercial Counsellor to this Legation amongst Shanghai merchants led to the conclusion that it was not likely to be serious; no very great importance appeared to be attached to the abolition of the drawback system, the position being apparently that re-exports of duty-paid cargo to foreign countries were negligible. While I have no information as to the particular position of Hong Kong in regard to this point of the re-export abroad of foreign imports, it would not seem therefore that the elimination of the provision for such drawbacks in Article XVI(d) is likely to have any serious consequences.\n\nI have the honour to be, \n\nSir, \n\nYour Excellency's obedient servant, \n\n**(Sd). E.M.B. Ingram** \n\nIn the absence of H.M. Minister.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-15 Chinese customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 9-7-1931 - 17-1-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529643, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-533-11 Protection of Anglo-Chinese in China 21-2-1931 - 22-9-1931", "page_number": 48, "title": "CO129-533-11 Protection of Anglo-Chinese in China 21-2-1931 - 22-9-1931", "content_text": "## \n43 \n\nand China that the limits of British territory shall be enlarged under lease. The term of this lease shall be ninety-nine years. It is at the same time agreed that within the city of Kowloon the Chinese officials now stationed there shall continue to exercise jurisdiction except so far as may be inconsistent with the military requirements for the defence of Hong Kong. Within the limits of the newly leased territory Great Britain shall have sole jurisdiction. Chinese officials and people shall be allowed, as heretofore, to use the road from Kowloon to Hsinan. It is further agreed that the existing landing-place near Kowloon City shall be reserved for the convenience of Chinese men-of-war, merchant and passenger vessels which may come and go and lie there at their pleasure and for the convenience and movement of the officials and people within the city. It is further understood that there will be no expropriation or expulsion of inhabitants of the district within the extension.\n\nIf cases of extradition of criminals occur, they shall be dealt with in accordance with existing treaties and the Hong Kong regulations.\n\n38-40.\n\n**Confidential Print** \n`11426`, \n\nMr. Alabaster was of the opinion that the Chinese inhabitants of the New Territories continued to be subjects of China only. Sir Ernest Satow and Sir John Jordan were both of opinion that we could not claim to protect the inhabitants of the New Territory as British subjects in China. The latter pointed out that the Chinese regarded Kowloon on the same basis as Kiaochau and Dairen, namely, as leased and not as ceded territory. Kiaochau was leased to Germany for ninety-nine years in March 1898, and Kowloon was, as a political concession, leased to Great Britain for the same period three months later. It was never suggested that the Chinese inhabitants of Kiaochau had lost their Chinese nationality, and the Chinese would never admit such a contention in the case of Kowloon. His Majesty's Government deemed it expedient to abstain from communicating to the Chinese Government their view that the inhabitants of Kowloon had become British subjects, and in 1905, when the Chinese Government wrote on the assumption that they were still subjects of China, care was taken in the reply to avoid controverting the assumption. In a case which occurred in 1910, the Chinese nationality of an inhabitant of the Kowloon extension was fully recognised by His Majesty's Government (see Appendix I, case No. 20).\n\n`CC 253`\n\nThe Law Officers of the Crown ruled in 1899 that the persons inhabiting the Kowloon extension at the time of the transfer were to be regarded as British subjects for all purposes, apparently on the ground that it was an extension under lease of the Colony of Hong Kong. Sir E. Davidson agreed with this view, but he also thought that this would not prevent the inhabitants having a second nationality. Supposing that Chinese municipal law prescribes, as I understand it does, that Liang Tou is within China a Chinaman, how can we object on the ground that according to international law he is not?\" The reasoning which led Sir E. Davidson to adopt this view is equally applicable to the case of Hong Kong and Kowloon as to the case of the Kowloon extension:\n\n**Confidential Print** \n`11426, p. 24`.\n\nAccording to the view of the Law Officers (and I think that technically their view is sound) the territory of Kowloon which was ceded to Great Britain for a term of ninety-nine years, became during and for that term an integral portion of the British Dominions. It is a peculiar and novel form of tenure; but applying recognised principles to the new conditions, I think that while the term lasts the territory is just as fully part of the British Dominions as if (for instance) it had been conquered and annexed and we had given an undertaking to restore it to China at the end of ninety-nine years.\n\nIt follows, in my opinion, that in contemplation of English law, anybody born in Kowloon during the term of ninety-nine years - *rebus sic stantibus*, of course - is a natural-born British subject *jure soli*, though such persons may, in contemplation of the law of their parents' country of origin, have a second nationality (Chinese or other) which in that country of origin will prevail.”\n\n5.\n\n63", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-533-11 Protection of Anglo-Chinese in China 21-2-1931 - 22-9-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 529918, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-533-13 Salaries- conversion rate of sterling 30-1-1931 - 21-1-1932", "page_number": 125, "title": "CO129-533-13 Salaries- conversion rate of sterling 30-1-1931 - 21-1-1932", "content_text": "## IV \n### BRITISH EMPIRE\n- United Kingdom\n- Australia... includes Thursday Island, Tasmania.\n- Burma\n- Canada\n- Ceylon\n- Egypt\n\n### CLASSIFICATION OF COUNTRIES.\n- East Africa (British)\n- India\n- New Zealand\n\n## V \n### Classification of Countries.—Continued.\n| Region | Includes |\n| --- | --- |\n| **China, Middle** | Swatow, Amoy, Foochow, Swabue. |\n| **China, South** | Canton, Hoihow, Kongmoon, Wuchow, Kiungehow, Yunnan. |\n| **Cuba** | |\n| **Central America** | Costa Rica, Colombia, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Salvador. |\n| **North Borneo (British)** | Brunei. |\n| **South Africa** | British South West Africa, Basutoland, Bechuanaland, Nyasaland, Rhodesia, Swaziland. |\n| **Straits Settlements and F. M. S.** | Non-Federated Malay States, (Johore, Kedah, Kelantan, Trengganu, Perlis), Christmas Island. |\n| **West Africa (British)** | Cameroons, Gold Coast, Guinea Coast, Gambia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Togoland. |\n| **West Indies (British)** | Bermudas, Bahamas, Barbados, British Guiana, British Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Island, Trinidad, Windward Islands. |\n| **British Empire, Other** | Aden, Cyprus, Fiji, Malta, Mauritius, Mesopotamia, New Hebrides, Pacific Islands, (Ocean Islands), Palestine, Seychelles, Samoa, Sarawak. |\n| **Belgium** | |\n| **China, North** | (Manchuria), Chinkiang, Chinwangtao, Chiefoo, Dairen, (Dalny), Hankow, Harbin, Ningpo, Shanghai, Tientsin, Tsingtau, Wei-hai-wei, Wenchow and Yangtse Ports. |\n| **Italy** | |\n| **Japan, Korea and Formosa** | Karafuto. |\n| **Kwong-chow Wan** | |\n| **Macao** | |\n| **Norway** | |\n| **Netherlands East Indies** | Sumatra, Java. |\n| **Philippine Islands** | |\n| **Portugal** | |\n| **Siam** | |\n| **South America** | Argentine Republic, Brazil, Bolivia, Chili, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela. |\n| **Sweden** | |\n| **Switzerland** | |\n| **Spain** | |\n| **U. S. A.** | Hawaii. |\n| **All other Countries.** | |\n\nPage 123", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-533-13 Salaries- conversion rate of sterling 30-1-1931 - 21-1-1932.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 531642, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933", "page_number": 134, "title": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933", "content_text": "CATHAY HOTEL, Shanghai\n\nCABLE ADDR \"CATHOTEL\"\n\nE. CARRARD,\n\nGeneral Manager\n\n← NEWEST AND MOST\n\nMODERN HOTEL\n\nIN CHINA\n\n250 ROOMS AND SUITES EACH WITH PRIVATE BATHROOM\n\nCLASSICAL CONCERT\n\nIN THE\n\nGROUND FLOOR LOUNGE\n\n(EVERY MORNING & AFTERNOON)\n\nMR. J. ULLSTEIN'S\n\nCONCERT ORCHESTRA\n\n\"DINER DANSANT\" EVERY EVENING\n\nIN THE\n\nBALL ROOM\n\n(8TH FLOOR)\n\nHENRY NATHAN'S\n\nDANCE ORCHESTRA\n\nWITH ADDED\n\nENTERTAINMENT PROGRAMME\n\nGRILL ROOM\n\n(9TH FLOOR)\n\nAN IDEAL RENDEZVOUS\n\nFOR\n\nLUNCHEON AND DINNER\n\nTeeth like pearls\n\nHER perfect teeth are indeed a precious\n\npossession. They mean so much to her-\n\nin appearance-in freedom from dental troubles-- in health both now and in the years to come.\n\nAnd she owes her strong, healthy teeth very largely to \"Ovaltine\" Rusks. When the first tiny teeth were coming through Mother gave her \"Ovaltine\" Rusks to chew. The exercise given to the baby jaws and teeth made possible the forma-tion of a flawless second set.\n\n\"Ovaltine\" Rusks are delightfully crisp, yet break up easily in the mouth. They are made of pure, unbleached wheat flour. The addition of \"Ovaltine\" makes them delicious in taste, easy to digest and most nutritious.\n\nREISS, MASSEY & CO., LTD. Agents for\n\n'OVALTINE\n\nPusks\n\nPRETISING D CLSTIVE/\n\nNOUR SHING\n\nenentore\n\n(Regd.)\n\nA.P.B. 64\n\nTHE PIONEER and WORLD-FAMED\n\nCOLOUR POWDERS\n\nFOR TINTING\n\nCEMENT, CONCRETE\n\nPATENT FLOORING, DECORATION, ETC.\n\nAPPLY\n\nDODWELL & CO. TEL. 28021.\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1931.\n\nGENEVA ANXIETY.\n\nALARM LEST COUNCIL SHOULD ABDICATE.\n\nPROBLEM OF MANCHURIA STILL CAUSING GRAVE CONCERN.\n\nJAPAN'S REPLY SENT.\n\nThe atmosphere at Geneva is reported to have become exceedingly tense, as Japan's reply on the latest issues raised has caused \"a painful impression.\"\n\nFurther bombing by Japanese aeroplanes, with railways as the objective, is reported from Manchuria.\n\nAnxiety amounting to alarm is felt lest the League Council carry out its intention virtually to abdicate over the Manchurian dispute.\n\nThe Chinese still maintain their viewpoint that the Japanese must withdraw their troops to the railway zone and agree to indemnify Chinese losses before negotiations can be commenced.\n\nThere is a growing belief in League circles, however, that the Council's committee is weakening in its treatment of the difficulty and is inclined to advise the Chinese to abandon their conditions.\n\nThis policy has produced very deplorable effects in League circles. If persisted in it is feared will have very disastrous effects on the coming disarmament conference and the League itself, which is facing the most serious crisis it has ever experienced.\n\nPAINFUL IMPRESSION.\n\nLondon, Oct. 22.\n\nM. Briand, with a very grave face, descended the stairs first, alone, on the way to his hotel, where he will receive Mr. Yoshizawa.\n\nThe anxiety, almost alarm, felt lest the Council carry out its intention virtually to abdicate over the Manchurian dispute is reflected in the comment of the London morning papers.\n\nHe told Reuter.—\"We are not through the wood yet.\"\n\nOther members of the committee were equally preoccupied, and the atmosphere is tense almost to breaking point. The Japanese reply has evidently created a very painful impression.\n\nThe News-Chronicle appeals to M. Briand and Lord Reading to remain at Geneva to avert the threatened calamity to the League. --Reuter.\n\nTENSION INCREASED.\n\nGravity of Position Owing to Japan's Attitude.\n\nNOT OUT OF THE WOOD.\n\nGeneva, Oct. 22.\n\nDramatic Development. There was a sudden dramatic development in the situation as the result of Mr. Yoshizawa's visit to M. Briand, which lasted exactly twenty-five minutes.\n\nOn leaving, Mr. Yoshizawa told Reuter that the reply from Tokyo was incomplete, and some sections of the communication had still to be received. He might therefore consider it advisable to ask for an adjournment.\n\nThe committee of five is now meeting to consider it.\n\nThe reply arrived in the small hours of the morning, and the staff of the delegation stayed up all night long decoding it.\n\nThe final form of the resolution which will be presented at a full sitting of the Council proving difficult to find, the conversations continued until a late hour last night, in which the Secretary General of the League participated. Various modifications, it is believed, were suggested.\n\nHe then returned to his hotel to consult his colleagues.\n\nOn arriving for an interview at 11.55 Mr. Yoshizawa had told Reuter that the Japanese reply was \"a little reassuring.\"-Reuter.\n\nJAPANESE ACTION.\n\nStrengthening Defences in Manchuria.\n\nIt is rumoured that the Japanese reply to M. Briand's proposals on behalf of the Council is not altogether satisfactory.\n\nThe Chinese attitude is unchanged. Dr. Sze maintains the viewpoint of the Nanking Government that the Japanese must withdraw their troops to the railway zone and agree to pay an indemnity for Chinese losses as a result of the occupation, the amount of which shall be settled later, before commencing direct negotiations with Japan.\n\nSerious Alarm.\n\nA very serious view is taken of the situation in League circles this evening. It is alleged that the Council's committee is weakening in its treatment of the difficulty and it is said the committee is inclined to advise the Chinese to abandon their conditions for direct negotiations, namely the previous withdrawal of the Japanese troops and the presence of neutrals to supervise the evacuation, and thus seemingly leave the Japanese to treat with the Chinese Government under the pressure of a military occupation.\n\nThis feeling has produced very deplorable effects in League circles and it is feared that this policy if persisted in will have a very disastrous effect on the coming disarmament conference and the League itself, which is facing the most serious crisis it has ever experienced.\n\nGeneva Hopes.\n\nAs both the chamber and the temple are in Chinese territory, the Shanghai Municipal Police have not intervened, but are watching both buildings. Should any of the detained men be brought onto a road, police action would follow.\n\n\"The Chinese Government sincerely hopes that active efforts, now in progress at Geneva to arrive at a settlement of the present case in the interests of justice and peace, will soon be crowned with success, which will be conducive to the well-being, not only of China, but of the whole world.\n\nCoolie Robs Japanese.\n\nA Shanghai ricksha coolie burning with the twin urges of patriotism and desire for the better things of this world killed two birds with one stone by attacking and robbing Mr. Bunro Ando, secretary to Mr. Yusuke Tsurumi, Japanese delegate to the Institute of Pacific Relations.\n\nAs Mr. Ando was returning to his hotel during mid-morning, he was pulled into an alleyway near Honan Road where the coolie first administered a beating and then relieved his victim of Yen 56 and $200 in Chinese currency. Despite his bruises, Mr. Ando was able to make his way back to his hotel and inform the police of the incident.\n\nRight of Boycott.\n\nReferring to the boycott in the course of its Memorandum in reply to the Japanese Memorandum of Oct. 9, the Chinese Government, according to the Sino News Service, makes the following declaration:\n\n\"It must therefore be matter of surprise to the world that popular indignation in China has limited itself to the mere refusal to purchase Japanese goods. The freedom to choose one's purchases is an individual right with which no government interferes, and, while it is the duty of every government to protect foreign nationals, it is bound neither by any recognized standard of governance nor by any principle of International Law to prohibit or punish the exercise of an elemental right of citizenship. If there be any responsibility in the matter, it entirely lies with the Japanese Government, which has, by many acts of unfriendliness since the Wanpaoshan incident, created this general prejudice against Japanese merchandise.\n\nCHINA UNITY.\n\nNanking and South To-\n\nManchuria.\n\ngether on\n\nSPECIAL COMMITTEE.\n\nRecent Disturbance.\n\nA Chinese taken into custody on Saturday, October 10, for throwing a stone at a police officer during the disturbance in Yangtze-poo district, when arraigned before the Special District Court received sentence of six months' imprisonment.\n\nMANCHURIAN WAR.\n\nIndependent Movement\n\nDefeated.\n\nRUSSIAN DANGER.\n\nPeking, Oct. 22. Retreating with several thousands of his followers, the Manchu independent leader, Chang Hai-peng, is falling back from Taonan to Hailar, near the Sino-Russian frontier.\n\nThe Heilungkiang Provincial Government has sent envoys to the independent armies advising the opposing troops not to proceed to Hailar, as proximity to Russian territory may lead to further Sino-Russian complications.\n\nShanghai, Oct. 22.\n\nThe impression in French circles here this morning was more favourable than it was earlier.\n\nTokyo, Oct. 22.\n\nIt is learned that the Japanese War Office has decided to despatch additional machine-guns and infantry guns to Manchuria, for the purpose of increasing the defensive power, as the Government is averse to increasing the number of troops.-Reuter.\n\nMR. CHU CHAO-HSIN.\n\nAn Appointment by the Nanking Government.\n\nA telegram announcing the appointment of Mr. Chu Chao-hsin, former Chinese Minister to Italy and vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Nanking Government, as one of the commissioners to serve on the Special Committee elected by the Nanking Government to administer foreign affairs and the Manchurian negotiations has been despatched from the Nanking Central Political Council to a prominent Hongkong Chinese merchant, asking him to convey this message of appointment to Mr. Chu Chao-hsin, who was in Hongkong yesterday.\n\nFAITH IN LEAGUE.\n\nPeking, Oct. 22.\n\nAlthough the resolution will provide for an adjournment of the Council for three weeks, it is believed a proviso will be added to the effect that the Council still considers itself in permanent session in order that they could be again summoned urgently, should the situation warrant.\n\nAnother Chinese telegram to headquarters states that Japanese aeroplanes dropped six bombs yesterday near Tahsing, on the Taonan-Angangchi railway, but the damage has not to be ascertained.-Reuter.\n\nExcitement was at fever heat here this morning, as it is felt that some definite development must result from to-day's deliberations. It was decided at the last minute that the meeting of the committee of five should be held at the Secretariat, where it has now continued for already three quarters of an hour.\n\nGENEVA DELAY.\n\nWeakening.\n\n\"DEPLORABLE EFFECTS.\"\n\nMr. Yoshizawa has an appointment with M. Briand at 11.30.\n\npresumably to hand him officially the text the Japanese reply.\n\nGRAVE DEVELOPMENT.\n\nJapanese Reply Considered Unsatisfactory.\n\nLater.\n\nThe Council considers\n\nChina's Reply to Powers Identic Notes.\n\nPOLICY OF PEACE.\n\nNanking, Oct. 21.\n\nThe Waichiaopu despatched to day the following communication to the French, British, German, Norwegian, Jugo-Slavian, Italian, and Polish Governments in reply to their identic notes calling attention of both China and Japan to their obligations under the Kellogg Pact:\n\n\"The Chinese Government feels to her legal as well as moral duty toward human civilization.\n\nThe acting Chairman of the Heilungkiang Provincial Government who was responsible for the defeat of the Independents near Taonan, has telegraphed to Marshal Chang Hsueh-liang suggesting that the Nanking Foreign Office should lodge a strong protest against the supply of foreign arms and ammunition from one of Manchuria's foreign neighbours to the Independents under Chang Hai-peng.\n\nCommander Ma's telegram says that without the foreign imported arms and ammunition there would have been no independent movement. He declares that the movement was deliberately created to harm the prestige of the Central Government in her foreign relations.\n\nYOUNG MARSHAL.\n\nStill Intends to Return to Mukden.\n\nLUGGAGE MYSTERY.\n\nPeking, Oct. 21. It is understood that Mr. Chu Chao-hsin will be leaving for Shanghai on the Empress of Russia this morning.\n\nFour hundred and seventeen effects-cases of household furniture and personal belongings Marshal Chang Hsueh-liang and his family, have arrived at Tongku from Dairen.\n\nTen\n\nTHE BOYCOTT.\n\nMerchants Held in Shanghai Temple.\n\nONE PAYS $10,000 FINE.\n\nShanghai, Oct. 12.\n\nThe anti-Japanese boycott committee over the week-end resumed its activities against merchants supposed to be dealing in Japanese goods.\n\nDuring the last few days merchants held in the temple have been released on \"fines.\" One was $10,000. The usual amount demanded is $5,000.\n\nThe merchants are given a preliminary trial in the office of the General Chamber of Commerce, which adjoins the temple, before being confined in the latter building. In all cases the self-appointed tribunal has found them guilty of dealing in Nipponese goods and have been threatened with the destruction of their business if the fines inflicted are not paid.\n\nProtests to the authorities of Greater Shanghai have failed to bring any relief to the merchants, and in some cases the relatives of the men detained have refused to give information under fear of reprisals.\n\nJAPANESE OPTIMISM.\n\nContrasting with the pessimism prevailing at Geneva, Reuter was informed this evening that a more optimistic view prevails at the Japanese Embassy in London in regard to the Sino-Japanese dispute.\n\nIt was said there that there seems to be every sign of a settlement as both sides appear to have made up their minds to bring about an arrangement. Everyone, it was added, seems to be doing his best with this object in view.\n\nMomentous Meeting.\n\nLater.\n\nIt was then the general opinion that the Council would take a strong line.\n\nThe resolution to be submitted at to-morrow's meeting will urge Japan and China to find a mutual settlement of their difficulties within a period which will, most probably, be indicated by some date set for the next meeting of the Council, which, it is understood, will be about the middle of November.\n\nAwaiting Japan's Reply.\n\nLater.\n\nDespite the decisions taken to night by the Committee of Five-which have caused so much adverse comment it appears that everything to a certain extent will be subordinated to the Japanese Reply, which has not yet been received.\n\nThe tone of the Reply will directly influence the wording of the resolution to be submitted to the Council.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 536178, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-542-10 Mui Tsai system- correspondence from private individuals 13-1-1933 - 11-12-1933", "page_number": 58, "title": "CO129-542-10 Mui Tsai system- correspondence from private individuals 13-1-1933 - 11-12-1933", "content_text": "# The Slave Market News\n## April, 1933\n\n### What We Think\n#### Women Traffic in and Children in the East\n\nThe Commission of Enquiry into Traffic in Women and Children in the East has now issued its Report to the League of Nations. The price is 16 shillings, and British people can obtain copies from the authorised agents, George Allen and Unwin, Ltd., 40 Museum-street, London, W.C.1. The Travelling Commission started their investigations, sailing from Marseilles on October 9th, 1930, and concluded their itinerary on March 16th, 1932, after visiting many of the principal centres in the Far East. A debt of gratitude is due to the members of the Travelling Commission for the care and labour shown in making their investigations and for compiling this voluminous report. It consists of 527 pages of vital information concerning the widespread traffic in human flesh and blood that prevails to-day. The report is appallingly tragic in its revelations.\n\nMost countries in the Far East or Near East have been willing to assist the Commission, and reveal something of the terrible conditions of helpless women and children bartered for gain. The rest of the East has offered a sufficiently wide scope for the labours of the Travelling Commission. We wish it were possible in these days for the Daily Press, forever seeking new worlds of sensation to conquer, to delve into this Report and give the facts to the world. Streamer headlines dealing with the manner in which Chinese children are bought and sold in China might not be good politics, but they would make a bit of a stir in Britain. The widespread traffic in girls in Japan might not be a subject calculated to please, but it might stir Western women to some form of concerted action. The Report pleads for the support of public opinion, but how that public opinion is to be enlightened remains to be discovered.\n\nThe significant and awful fact that is forced upon one by reading the lines, and between the lines, of this stupendous volume is that slavery of women and girls is looked upon as being of another order to slavery of men. The god of lust reigns and rules in the dark habitations, and helpless women and children are bartered in multitudes to satisfy the sensuality of men. That is the plain and unmistakable fact that will impress itself upon all who will obtain this Report and read. We would ask that all men and women of goodwill who are in any way able to influence public opinion would obtain a copy.\n\nThe Commission visited Port Said, Jerusalem, Jaffa, Beirout, Damascus, Bagdad, Teheran, Bushire, Karachi, Bombay, Colombo, Pondicherry, Madras, Deli, Calcutta, Rangoon, Penang, Port Swettenham, Kuala Lumpur, Johore, Bangkok, Pnom Penh, Saigon-Cholon, Batavia, Semarang, Surabaya, Macassar, Manila, Turane, Hanoi, Haiphong, Macao, Canton, Hongkong, Swatow, Amoy, Foochow, Nanking, Shanghai, Chefoo, Port Arthur, Tientsin, Pekin, Dairen, Moukden, Harbin, Anting, Keijo, Fusan, Nagasaki, Shimonoseki, Osaka, Kobe, Kioto, Yokohama, and Tokio. As one glances at the information provided, the prayer of the Psalmist arises instinctively: \"O let the sorrowful sighing of the prisoners come before Thee; according to the greatness of Thy power, preserve Thou those that are appointed to die.\"\n\n### Slavery Centenary Celebrations\n\nWe understand that the Methodist Conference has passed a resolution that all her ministers shall preach on the slavery question on the last Sunday in July next. That is an encouraging sign and indicates that one of the great Christian churches is awakening to a sense of responsibility in the matter of slave-liberation. We feel, however, that there must be much perplexity to the minds of those who are asked to speak on this subject. Vast is the scope of enquiry and realm of investigation. We feel strongly, too, that very few are able to speak with knowledge concerning the extent and nature of slavery that is rampant to-day. The danger is that the Slavery Centenary celebrations may convey to a large number of people the impression that things are much better than they are. To some of us, it seems a mockery to celebrate the Centenary of Slave Abolition under the British flag if due prominence is not given to the fact that there is still considerable slavery under the British flag.\n\nLet the facts be made known concerning Hong Kong. Let those who are under the impression that there is no slavery under the British flag read the report of the League of Nations' Commission to which we have already referred. It is not a difficult matter to search out the names of British possessions and read what is said concerning them. We write these few observations with real grief. How can we pat ourselves on the back, metaphorically, for that which our forefathers have done if we refrain from following their lead? This is not a time for soft words and pious phrases, but for plain truth. \"From the liberality that says everybody is right, from the charity which forbids us to say that anybody is wrong, from the peace which is bought at the expense of truth, may the good Lord deliver us.\"\n\n### Christian Assyrians Find a Refuge\n\nAt the time of the Mosul Boundary dispute, we ventured to observe that there was a real danger to the Christian communities in Irak if ever the British left that country. The reports of General Laidoner sent out by the League of Nations at the time were plain evidence that massacre and enslavement had taken place just previously. Irak has now become a member of the League, and the British have all but gone. The Assyrians, with the Armenians, were our faithful allies at the time of the Great War, but it has been left to Persia to offer this gallant little nation a refuge. The Assyrian Christians are fearful of their future security in Irak, so they are trekking to Persia, where they are assured security from persecution.\n\nAt Geneva, in 1924, we heard a passionate appeal by their youthful spokesman. It was a plea to the representatives of the Near East Conference to urge their need for security. The Western nations have, however, been unable to find them a place of sanctuary. Persia welcomes them. Our Armenian Allies were left to their fate by the Western Nations, but found a refuge for their remnant in the Caucasus. Strange that Russia and Persia should find homes for the two most ancient Christian races. We were privileged to meet the representative of the Assyrians at Geneva in 1924 and hear his case.\n\nLike their Armenian brothers, they can sing:\n\"I will not be a heathen.\nI will not be a slave.\nIf I cannot find a Christian home,\nI'll find a Christian grave.\"\n\n### Freeing the Slaves: Sir John Simon's Remarkable Figures\n\nSir John Simon was among the speakers at a complimentary luncheon given on Tuesday in London to Mr. John H. Harris, the Parliamentary Secretary to the Anti-Slavery and Aborigines' Protection Society, who received a knighthood in the New Year's Honours.\n\nSir John said that Mr. Harris went to the Foreign Office when and as often as he found it necessary in connection with his anti-slavery work with that degree of persistence which is necessary if you want to get through the outer covering of any Government department. Mr. Harris said that within the last 20 years, not fewer than 465,389 slaves had been liberated. The British Foreign Office, during the last 100 years, had framed and negotiated with other Powers over 650 anti-slavery treaties. It was estimated that during the same period, Great Britain had spent over £50,000,000 in police work against the slave trade on the high seas.\n\nNow, as a result of work done at Geneva during the past 10 years, that burden had been shifted from the national shoulders to those of 60 nations, who were now, by a solemn instrument, bound to undertake collectively the task of the emancipation of at least 5,000,000 slaves.\n\nGreat and beneficent has been the work of The Anti-Slavery Society, and it is in no spirit of captious criticism that we suggest that celebrating the Centenary of the Abolition of Slavery within Possessions, its speakers will deal frankly with the condition of affairs in Hong Kong, where thousands of children are still bought and sold. We also further respectfully suggest that the slavery of women should be given as much prominence as the slavery of men. Why should the so-called White Slave Traffic, or the Traffic in Women and Children, be treated on any different basis to the Red Sea Slave Traffic?\n\nEarl Buxton presided, and the Archbishop of Canterbury was amongst those present.\n\n### Slavery in the World To-day\n#### By the Rev. JOHN R. PALMER, Lit.D.\n\nSlavery! Slavery! Can it be that it exists in the world of human beings to-day? In past ages, yes, but the world then was not half civilised; nearly all nations, even of Europe, were, as far as civilisation goes, in much the same state as \"the backward races,\" so called, of the East to-day. But now we are well on in the twentieth century of Christianity! We have at least reached a state, with all our shortcomings, in which civilised, to say nothing of Christian nations, might reasonably be expected to show \"a more excellent way\" of treating those classes of the human race which are commonly regarded as its most backward representatives.\n\nIs that our aim and endeavour? Are we trying at all times and everywhere to do that, and nothing less, in the world to-day? If so, Slavery should soon be a thing of the Past. But the opposite of this is true, and has been for centuries. Although a modern writer says: \"In the Roman Empire, slavery was a recognised and regular institution... To-day Christians do not tolerate slavery.\" Would that it were so, as far as all Christian nations are concerned.\n\nBut what of the White Slave Traffic in our own and other lands, from which its victims seldom, if ever, escape? What is the awful record of it which the National Vigilance Association is able to furnish? Of young girls snatched from home and friends, ensnared by the most insidious means on the streets and elsewhere, then lost, and doomed almost hopelessly to a life of shame and suffering. And to-day it still goes on in defiance of all efforts to check the diabolical traffic, because the subtle devices of the entrepreneur prevail.\n\nThis form of Slavery for immoral purposes is responsible in London and elsewhere for the loss to home and friends of scores of decent and respectable girls every year, while in Japan many commit suicide to avoid falling a prey to this hideous thraldom.\n\nAnd it is an indisputable fact that in India, all the circumstances of the enforced conjugal relationships in which thousands of young girls, mere children, find themselves, are nothing less than Slavery. We speak of the age-long \"custom and practices of such lands and races,\" but it has been truly said that \"the deadliest form of humanity is the deadening power of custom.\" The question is, are we, as a Christian nation, doing all in our power to discourage such practices?\n\nWhat of Slavery and the Slave Trade proper? We speak of our emancipation of the slaves a century ago, and of our more recent efforts to put down various forms of slavery in different places. But what are the facts as to the number of slaves now in the world to-day? It has been estimated that there are from four to six millions, exclusive of the quarter of a million Soviet Slaves, whose condition to-day is that of \"poorly clad, badly housed, and half-starved human chattels,\" and who are \"authorised\" by corps of the Ogpu (secret police) agents, and by men like \"Rakovsky, the notorious Chekist and executioner.\" In fact, under its murderous Communist despots, almost the whole of Russia is forced labour.\n\nAt Odessa, men have been obliged to work in \"shifts\" of five days under armed sentries, with little time for sleep, and women fourteen hours a day. There is a cry of distress in such facts to which no reasonable and intelligent being can be deaf! Nor is it only the poor and working class that is oppressed and terrorised in Russia to-day, but thousands of all classes who have known both of \"life's opposite poles\" of luxury and poverty, \"the loneliness and the fellowship that exist in a generation.\"\n\nAgain, in the slow march of a hundred years or more, how little has been done by nations to put down the Slave Trade. It was condemned by the Treaty of Vienna in 1815, and our forefathers regarded past efforts as only a preliminary move to future and more complete measures of emancipation. And yet to-day there are \"still five millions of human chattels\" in the world. Well may the Archbishop of Canterbury say that Slavery is \"the open sore of the world!\"\n\nIn Abyssinia alone, there are now two millions of people bought and sold as human merchandise! Slavery still survives in Sierra Leone. In Burma (India), it is widespread over almost the whole of China. Branding on lips, face, and hands, and other cruelties, are still practised in this abominable institution, while \"hundreds of girl slaves have been seen on the march, chained together and whipped like cattle by Arabian traders.\" In Liberia, the condition of Slaves is terrible; they are often to be seen in chains and collars.\n\nThe lot of the poor African slave down all the ages has been pitiable in the extreme, while some of the worst features are manifest in the Slavery carried on in Japan. And even in Kenya, under the British flag, not only have the natives \"no legal right in their own land,\" but forced labour is widespread everywhere, which at the best is but poorly disguised Slavery. In Kenya, \"the link is snapped between the African farmer and his land. His relation to the soil is reduced almost to that of a serf to the white settler.\" No wonder that we have reason to fear, as many do, the final results of the \"Clash of Colour.\"\n\nMoreover, \"Great Britain is committed to the principle of trusteeship for the economic, moral, and social progress of the African.\" It is, therefore, up to us not to allow Slavery under our flag, but to see that, as far as possible:\n\"These things shall be! A loftier race\nThan ere the world has known shall rise,\nWith flame of freedom in their souls,\nAnd light of knowledge in their eyes.\"\n\n### Summary of the Report on the Traffic in Women and Children in the Far East\n\nThis is a useful summary of the recently published report of the Commission appointed by the League of Nations to enquire into the Traffic in Women and Children in the Far East. The complete report, which consists of 527 pages, costs 16 shillings. This pamphlet sums up in 28 pages the results of the investigations of the Commissioners in the various countries visited, which include Ceylon, China, India, Irak, Japan, Malaya, Manchuria, Palestine, Persia, Siam, and Syria. It should be invaluable to those who have to study or speak on this subject.\n\n### Make Me Kind\n#### By DUNCAN MCNEIL\n\nSo many hearts are breaking,\nAnd many more are aching,\nTo hear the tender word.\nGod make me kind!\n\nFor I myself am learning\nThat my sad heart is yearning\nFor some sweet word to heal my hurt.\nO Lord, do make me kind.\n\nGod make me kind!\nSo many hearts are needing\nThe balm to stop the bleeding\nThat my kind words can bring.\nGod make me kind!\n\nFor I am also seeking\nThe cure in some one's keeping\nThey should impart to my sick heart.\nO Lord, do make me kind.\n\nGod make me kind!\nSo many hearts are lonely\nAnd asking for this only,\nThe kind and tender word.\nGod make me kind!\n\nTo all who mutely ask it,\nBefore they fill the casket,\nOr bouquets may be wreaths one day.\nO Lord, do make me kind.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-542-10 Mui Tsai system- correspondence from private individuals 13-1-1933 - 11-12-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 543276, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "page_number": 48, "title": "CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934", "content_text": "## Table V.\nShowing the number of passengers, arriving in Quarantine each month, 1932.\n\n| Month | No. of Passengers | No. of Crews, and ships | No. of Ships |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| January | 12,957 | 12,009 | 99 |\n| February | 26,167 | 12,681 | 118 |\n| March | 34,241 | 19,916 | 160 |\n| April | 18,060 | 14,716 | 132 |\n| May | 7,710 | 4,523 | 45 |\n| June | 7,446 | 8,150 | 64 |\n| July | 16,912 | 15,384 | |\n| August | 23,371 | 19,581 | 203 |\n| September | 24,396 | 18,076 | 172 |\n| October | 11,795 | 7,971 | 81 |\n| November | | | |\n| December | | | |\n| Total | 183,055 | 130,007 | 1,215 |\n\n## SECTION V.\nMATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE.\n\n### MATERNITY HOSPITAL ACCOMMODATION.\n\n| Hospital | Authority in control | Beds |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Government Civil | Government Medical Dept. | |\n| Victoria | Do. | Do. |\n| Peak | Do. | Do. |\n| Tsan Yuk | Chinese Committee | 17 |\n| Wanchai | Do. | 31 |\n| Tung Wah | Do. | 24 |\n| Tung Wah Eastern | Do. | 18 |\n| Kwong Wah | Do. | 59 |\n| Alice Memorial | London Mission | 14 |\n| St. Paul's | French Mission | 9 |\n| Canossa | Italian Mission | 1 |\n| Matilda | Board of Trustees | 8 |\n| War Memorial | Do. | 6 |\n| Yeung Wo | Yeung Wo Directors | 6 |\n| Total | | 277 |\n\n## Table VI.\nSHOWING QUARANTINE NOTIFICATIONS ISSUED BY THE HONG KONG GOVERNMENT FOR 1932.\n\n| Port or Locality | Disease | Date of Notification | Date of cancellation |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Amoy | Smallpox | Dec. 17th 1931 | May 6th |\n| Shanghai | Plague | Jan. 8th 1932 | May 11th |\n| Pakhoi | Smallpox | Jan. 22nd 1932 | February 11th, May 27th |\n| Sourabaya... | Cholera | Jan. 27th 1932 | June 2nd |\n| Saigon | \" | Feb. 2nd 1932 | October 12th |\n| Swatow | \" | May 17th 1932 | October 5th |\n| Amoy | \" | June 8th 1932 | October 26th |\n| Tientsin | \" | July 5th 1932 | October 20th |\n| Newchwang | \" | July 6th 1932 | October 22nd |\n| Wuchow | \" | July 7th 1932 | August 24th |\n| Dairen | \" | July 18th 1932 | October 21st |\n| Hoihow | \" | Aug. 2nd 1932 | September 26th |\n| Foochow | \" | Aug. 18th 1932 | October 28th |\n| Osaka | \" | Sept. 3rd 1932 | |\n| Shanghai | \" | Sept. 2nd 1932 | |\n\nThe maternity hospitals will be described under Section VI.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-545-8 Annual medical report 1932 2-11-1933 - 16-5-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 544921, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-548-1 Annual reports from various government departments 3-4-1934 - 11-6-1935", "page_number": 227, "title": "CO129-548-1 Annual reports from various government departments 3-4-1934 - 11-6-1935", "content_text": "## Table VIII.\n## Table IX.\n## Table X.\n## Table XA.\n\n### MOTOR SPIRIT DUTIES 1933.\n\n| Category | Amount |\n| --- | --- |\n| Motor Spirit Duties | $652,667.06 |\n| Licensed Warehouse Licence Fees | $1,500.00 |\n| Importer's Licence (General) Fees | $1,400.00 |\n| Importer's Licence (Special) Fees | $300.00 |\n| Retailer's Licence Fees | $320.00 |\n| Total | $656,187.06 |\n\n### LICENCES ISSUED DURING THE YEAR 1933.\n\n| Type of Licence | Number |\n| --- | --- |\n| Licensed Warehouse Licences | 6 |\n| Importer's Licences (General) | 14 |\n| Importer's Licences (Special) | 3 |\n| Retailer's Licences | 64 |\n\n### STATEMENT OF OPIUM TRANSHIPPED DURING THE YEAR 1933.\n\n| Origin | Persian Chests | Total Chests |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| From Bushire via Bombay | 600 | 600 |\n| From Europe | 80 | 80 |\n| Total | 680 | 680 |\n| To Kee Lung | 181 | 181 |\n| To Macao | 499 | 499 |\n| Total | 680 | 680 |\n\n### STATEMENT OF OPIUM IN TRANSIT DURING THE YEAR 1933.\n\n| Origin | Turkish Chests | Total Chests |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| From Izmir via Port Said | 350 | 350 |\n| From Istanbul via Port Said | 175 | 175 |\n| From Hamburg | 50 | 50 |\n| To Dairen via Kobe | 575 | 575 |\n| Total | 575 | 575 |\n\n### TOTAL AMOUNT OF PREPARED OPIUM SOLD DURING THE YEAR 1933.\n\n| Type of Opium | Quantity |\n| --- | --- |\n| Hong Kong Prepared Opium | 6,241.5 Taels |\n| Kamshan Bengal Opium | 19,371 Taels |\n| Singapore Opium | 33,596.34 Taels |\n| Total | 59,208.84 Taels |\n\n292\nE 20\n293", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-548-1 Annual reports from various government departments 3-4-1934 - 11-6-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 546360, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-550-6 Rex v. Ng Loi Yuen- request review of trial and exercise of prerogative of mercy... 22-11-1934 - 21-12-1934", "page_number": 28, "title": "CO129-550-6 Rex v. Ng Loi Yuen- request review of trial and exercise of prerogative of mercy... 22-11-1934 - 21-12-1934", "content_text": "August 9, 1934\n\nCHINA OVERLAND TRADE REPORT\n\nNULLAH OUTRAGE SEQUEL\n\n... ng actually saw him first. I really the first to attend to\n\nDr. Wong give him any treat- at all before you attended to #Not to my knowledge.\n\nthe accused taken directly eward on admission?—Yes. au told us his breath smelled ol, what was this general con- , for instance, what was the e of his eyes?—I made no note his eyes at all.\n\nWhat was the little girl doing when the boy was being thrown in? The girl seemed to be looking over.\n\nDid the girl make an attempt to run away? If she did, they were so near together I could hardly see.\n\nDo you know Michael Pine's par- ents personally?—No.\n\nDo you know any of the parents of the children who were unfor- tunately thrown over?—No. None of them.\n\nhid you take his temperature? es, but I did not do it myself.\n\nDid you, after this incident, That is the internal tempera-speak to any of them?-No. re, I presume?—Yes, taken in ? mouth.\n\nwas\n\nhib did you notice his surface tem- perature, the colour of his skin?- When he first came in he suffering from immersion. His surface temperature would be cold- er. He looked cold and blue.\n\nDid you actually feel his surface temperature?—Yes.\n\nDid you notice and hiccough pre- c-No.\n\nd you take any blood test?-- I did not take that. Re-examined by Mr. Fraser, wit- ss said that he did not notice | ything peculiar about accused's Tres.\n\nDid you tell anyone of what you saw of this incident? Yes. The first time was to a newspaper re- porter, and then the police and my husband and personal friends.\n\nDid you visit the hospital at all to see any of these children?—No. After Fung Siu Ki, a translator of the S.C.A. had given evidence to the effect that he translated ac- cused's letters, the hearing was adjourned until Friday afternoon.\n\nP.T.O\n\nChina. The far-reaching results cannot be adequately expressed.\n\nChina's Customs, after securing P.W.D. and Sergeant Moran had independence since 1928, had been produced plans and photographs revised thrice, firstly in February respectively of the scene of the 1929, secondly in January 1932, and tragedy, Mrs. Kathleen Charlotte thirdly in May 1933. \"Formerly\" Fairburn was called into the wit- I continued Mr. Hu, \"all revisions in ness-box.\n\na\n\ncustom regulations had their rea- Mrs. Fairburn's Evidence\n\nsons, and were forwarded to the She told the court that at the Legislative Yuan for approval, but, time of the tragedy she was just this time, it was not So, as the walking into No. 2 bridge when she new tariff regulations drafted by saw a Chinese who was standing the financial Ministry, passed by in the No. 1 bridge, throwing the Executive Yuan and was ap- boy and then a girl into the nul- proved by the Government for exe- lah. The man later jumped in cution. They were not approved himself. He was dressed in a according to the regular procedure, white shirt, dark trousers and wearing a straw hat. No one was on the bridge at all.\n\nShe imme- diately called out several chair coolies who were nearby, and two of them rescued the children. She had a side view of the accused.\n\nOn July 9, she attended an iden- tification parade and picked out\n\nand the Legislative Yuan again ignored its responsibility in the matter. There must be some ob- jectionable points in the new tariff regulations as they were approved without much consideration. They include the following defects: (1) by increasing the tariffs of all mineral products and machinery, a\n\n28\n\n167\n\nHU HAN MIN INTERVIEWED\n\nThe Tangku Agree- ment Criticised\n\nMr. Hu Han-min recently grant- ed an interview to Press represen- tatives in the course of which he discussed (1) the negotiations for the abolition of the Tangku Agree- ment at Dairen, and (2) the recent revision of the import and export tariffs.\n\nMr. Hu at the outset contradict- ed the report that he had cleared up all misunderstandings with Nanking and was about to make a trip to Europe.\n\nReferring to the Tangku Agree- ment, which was signed on May 31st 1933, Mr. Hu said that since the signing of the Agreement, Man- churia was no longer regarded as an integral part of China as the agreement had provided that Luan- tung was a neutral zone and that the area beyond the Great Wall was the 'Manchukuo' territory. Mr. Wang Ching Wai, President of the Executive Yuan, in his declaration, said that the Tangku Agreement included only military and not political matters. Since then, the Japanese made use of this Agree- ment and forced Nanking to carry out the \"through traffic and through mail\" provisions, while Gen. Huang Fu and Mr. Wang Ching Wei, during that time, still stated that there was no secret stipulation included in the Tangku Agreement, so no outsider could apprehend the mystery of the Agreement. Mr. Hu was of the opinion that the agreement tained more than has been divul- ged to the public.\n\ncon-\n\n\"A certain diplomatist who had recently returned from Europe, has said: 'Since the Japanese Foreign Office had issued the \"Hands-off China Policy\" on April 17th, all the Chinese ministers in Europe had received special instructions from Mr. Wang Ching Wei, pro- hibiting them to make any state-\n\nthe accused. Her reasons for pick-blockade is laid to the development against Japan. Besides, there\n\ning him up were that he was very thin and his hair was inclined, to be long and shaggy. He has high cheek bones and sunken cheeks.\n\nMr. Lim: When you first saw this man standing in the middle of the bridge, were you actually on the bridge or just going down?--I was just on the very beginning of No. 2 bridge.\n\nment of home industries thus en- dangering the expansion of local labour works: (2) local industries are ruined by the general decrease of textile tariff ratios, whereby en- couraging the influx of foreign goods.\n\nof\n\nwere other cables stating that the wishes of Marshal Shek, Chairman of\n\nChiang Kai-\n\nMilitary Committee, should not be the National\n\nobstructed, thus the Executive Yuan and the Foreign Office Local textiles are already Nanking are both evading respon- on the verge of collapse, and with sibility for the concluding of the the introduction of the new Tariff, | Tangku Agreement.” they are worse than before. On You said he picked up the boy the other hand, the increase threw him into the nullah, then | luxury tariff ratios is quite reason- the girl and then jumped in him- self. How long did he take to do this All in about a minute.\n\nWhen he picked up the boy, did the boy struggle at all?It is diffi- cult to see. He seemed to just pick him up and threw him over.\n\nof\n\nable, but awabi, sea weeds, etc., which are not daily necessities, have had their tariffs reduced. If we look through the whole of the revised tariff regulations we can find that they appear to be revised purposely in favour of Japan.\n\nThe Customs\n\nMr. Hu mentioned that the e- cent enforcement of the new Cus- toms' Regulations was a ruin to the industry of the country and as a means of facilitating Japan's continual economic invasion\n\n(Continued on Previous Column).", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-550-6 Rex v. Ng Loi Yuen- request review of trial and exercise of prerogative of mercy... 22-11-1934 - 21-12-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 548981, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-554-5 Commission of Enquiry into the Hong Kong trade depression- correspondence and report 27-3-1935 - 11-8-1935", "page_number": 56, "title": "CO129-554-5 Commission of Enquiry into the Hong Kong trade depression- correspondence and report 27-3-1935 - 11-8-1935", "content_text": "49\n\nDairen.\n\nUnit of sale.\n\nRetail selling price\n\nDuty\n\nNett retail selling price\n\nAmerican Gallon.\n\n66 Japanese sen. .nil.\n\n.66 Japanese sen.\n\nConverted into Hong Kong currency at rate of Yen 146=H.K. $100, and into Imperial Gallons at rate of 1 American Gallon=0.8325 of an Imperial Gallon, this equals H.K. 54 cents for 1 Imperial Gallon.\n\nEngland.\n\nUnit of sale.\n\nGross retail selling price\n\nDuty\n\nNett retail selling price\n\nImperial Gallon. .1/5d.\n\n8d.\n\n9d.\n\nConverted into Hong Kong currency at rate of H.K. $1.00=1/8d. this equals H.K. 45 cents for 1 Imperial Gallon.\n\nCanton.\n\nUnit of sale.\n\nGross retail selling price\n\nDuty\n\nAmerican Gallon.\n\n.97 cents H.K.\n\n411⁄2 (40 to 43 c. H.K., say 41).\n\n.55 cents H.K.\n\nNett retail selling price\n\nConverted at rate of 1 American Gallon = 0.8325 of an Imperial Gallon, this equals\n\nH.K. 66.7 cents for 1 Imperial Gallon.\n\nHong Kong.\n\nUnit of sale.\n\nImperial Gallon.\n\nGross retail selling price Duty\n\n$1.10.\n\n.25.\n\nNett retail selling price\n\nNett retail selling price\n\nSummary.\n\n.85 prior to 25.12.34, .75 since 25.12.34.\n\nGross returns to Oil Companies on one Imperial Gallon reduced to Hong Kong currency.\n\n \n Shanghai Dairen\n 51 cents,\n \n \n England\n 54\n 45\n \n \n Canton\n \"\"\n 66.7\n \n \n Hong Kong\n \"\"\n 85\n before 25.12.34,\n \n \n \n \"\"\n 75\n since 25.12.34.\n \n\n2. While realising that the discrepancies revealed in this table were partly accentuated by the conversion of prices into terms of Hong Kong currency, nevertheless we felt that some explanation was needed of the apparently excessive charges in Hong Kong and we accordingly requested the views on this matter of the three big oil concerns in the Colony.\n\n3. Summarized briefly, the explanations given by the Oil Companies are as follows:\n\nA. Owing to over production throughout the world prices of petroleum products have been forced down to unremunerative levels, and as a consequence the major distributing companies have been faced from time to time in various parts of\n\n63", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-554-5 Commission of Enquiry into the Hong Kong trade depression- correspondence and report 27-3-1935 - 11-8-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 549046, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-554-5 Commission of Enquiry into the Hong Kong trade depression- correspondence and report 27-3-1935 - 11-8-1935", "page_number": 121, "title": "CO129-554-5 Commission of Enquiry into the Hong Kong trade depression- correspondence and report 27-3-1935 - 11-8-1935", "content_text": "49\n\nDairen.\n\nUnit of sale.\n\nRetail selling price\n\nDuty\n\nNett retail selling price\n\nAmerican Gallon.\n\n.66 Japanese sen.\n\n.nil.\n\n.66 Japanese sen.\n\nConverted into Hong Kong currency at rate of Yen 146=H.K. $100, and into\n\nImperial Gallons at rate of 1 American Gallon equals H.K. 54 cents for 1 Imperial Gallon.\n\nEngland.\n\nUnit of sale.\n\nGross retail selling price\n\nDuty\n\nNett retail selling price\n\n0.8325 of an Imperial Gallon, this\n\nImperial Gallon.\n\n1/5d.\n\n8d.\n\n9d.\n\nConverted into Hong Kong currency at rate of H.K. $1.00=1/8d. this equals H.K. 45 cents for 1 Imperial Gallon.\n\nCanton.\n\nUnit of sale.\n\nGross retail selling price\n\nDuty\n\nNett retail selling price\n\nAmerican Gallon.\n\n.97 cents H.K.\n\n.41 (40 to 43 c. H.K., say .41).\n\n.55 cents H.K.\n\nConverted at rate of 1 American Gallon=0.8325 of an Imperial Gallon, this equals\n\nH.K. 66.7 cents for 1 Imperial Gallon.\n\nHong Kong.\n\nUnit of sale.\n\nImperial Gallon.\n\nGross retail selling price\n\n$1.10.\n\nDuty\n\n.25.\n\nNett retail selling price\n\nNett retail selling price\n\n.85 prior to 25.12.34, .75 since 25.12.34.\n\nSummary.\n\nGross returns to Oil Companies on one Imperial Gallon reduced to Hong Kong currency.\n\nShanghai Dairen\n\nEngland\n\nCanton Hong Kong\n\n51 cents,\n\n54\n\n45\n\n33\n\n\"\"\n\n66.7\n\n\"\n\n.85\n\n\"\n\nbefore 25.12.34,\n\n.75\n\nsince 25.12.34.\n\n2. While realising that the discrepancies revealed in this table were partly accentuated by the conversion of prices into terms of Hong Kong currency, nevertheless we felt that some explanation was needed of the apparently excessive charges in Hong Kong and we accordingly requested the views on this matter of the three big oil concerns in the Colony.\n\n3. Summarized briefly, the explanations given by the Oil Companies are as follows:-\n\n\"A.\" Owing to over production throughout the world prices of petroleum products have been forced down to unremunerative levels, and as a consequence the major distributing companies have been faced from time to time in various parts of\n\n140", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-554-5 Commission of Enquiry into the Hong Kong trade depression- correspondence and report 27-3-1935 - 11-8-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 554532, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-562-23 Koshu Koshi Kabushiki Kaisha- suspected activity as Japanese agents 2-4-1937 - 25-8-1937", "page_number": 10, "title": "CO129-562-23 Koshu Koshi Kabushiki Kaisha- suspected activity as Japanese agents 2-4-1937 - 25-8-1937", "content_text": "(c) Kwarokuro Endo, the Commercial Attaché, Hong Kong, calls himself Commercial Correspondent of the Japanese Department of Commerce and Industry attached to the Japanese Consulate-General at Hong Kong, but it is noticed his office is not at the Consulate, but at his private address 21, Kennedy Road. Was attached to the Japanese Consulate at Canton for eight years prior to transfer to Hong Kong on 7.4.35.\n\n(d) Chonosuke Tonegi, Chancellor to the Japanese Consul at Canton, arrived from Japan 28.2.36, holds diplomatic passport No.291461 issued at Tokyo in January, 1936. Headed investigation party which went to Hainan in September, 1936, to investigate the Pakhoi Anti-Japanese incident, went by gunboat \"Saga\".\n\n(e) Giichi Yasumura, arrived in Hong Kong on 7.2.36. Lives on Macdonnell Road at the same address as the M.B.K. Mess. Describes himself as employee of South Manchurian Railway and said on arrival that he was here to study Cantonese. Has made no attempts so far. Is evidently representative in Hong Kong of China Development Company as he is known to be in correspondence with the branch office at 65, British Concession, Shameen, Canton, and also with the Headquarters of the Organisation in Dairen; being no office in Hong Kong as far as is known. Makes frequent trips to Canton and frequently receives reports from Dairen and Shameen of an economic nature. Moves in the best Japanese circles.\n\nPage 10\nPage 11", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-562-23 Koshu Koshi Kabushiki Kaisha- suspected activity as Japanese agents 2-4-1937 - 25-8-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 554535, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-562-23 Koshu Koshi Kabushiki Kaisha- suspected activity as Japanese agents 2-4-1937 - 25-8-1937", "page_number": 13, "title": "CO129-562-23 Koshu Koshi Kabushiki Kaisha- suspected activity as Japanese agents 2-4-1937 - 25-8-1937", "content_text": "# Hon. Colonial Secretary.\n\n1. A Japanese named Giichi YASUMURA, accompanied by his wife named Toshiko YASUMURA, arrived in Hong Kong on 7.2.36 from Canton and took up residence in a flat at 16, Macdonnell Road. The Mitsui Bussan Kaisha Ltd., Mess is also at this address. He described himself as an employee of the South Manchurian Railway and stated that he was in Hong Kong for the purpose of studying English and Cantonese.\n\n2. He is evidently the representative in Hong Kong of the Kabushiki Kaisha Koshu Koshi or Hing Chung Co., (China Development Co. Ltd.), a subsidiary organisation of the South Manchurian Railway, as he is known to be in communication with the headquarters of this organisation in Dairen and with the branch office at 65, British Concession, Shameen. As far as is known, there is no office in Hong Kong.\n\n3. He was reported in November, 1936, by a Canton source to be the head of a newly formed \"South China Aggression Party\", but we have been unable to obtain any information about this organisation.\n\n4. YASUMURA makes frequent trips to Canton and is continually receiving reports from Dairen and Shameen dealing with political and economic problems in China with particular reference to Kwangtung, Kwangsai and Hainan. These include reports on administration, trade, finance, reconstruction and smuggling.\n\n5. Also residing at 16, Macdonnell Road is another Japanese named Masami YAMASHITA. He too describes himself as an employee of the South Manchurian Railway and like YASUMURA appears to be a representative of the China Development Co., though he has not come to the fore so much.\n\n6. YASUMURA moves in high circles in the local Japanese community and there can be little doubt that he is in Hong Kong...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-562-23 Koshu Koshi Kabushiki Kaisha- suspected activity as Japanese agents 2-4-1937 - 25-8-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 554537, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-562-23 Koshu Koshi Kabushiki Kaisha- suspected activity as Japanese agents 2-4-1937 - 25-8-1937", "page_number": 15, "title": "CO129-562-23 Koshu Koshi Kabushiki Kaisha- suspected activity as Japanese agents 2-4-1937 - 25-8-1937", "content_text": "(F893/893/10)\nNo: 7 (1/246/36)\n\nCopy to Peking.\n\nBritish Embassy,\nTOKYO,\nA.\n15\n\n7th January, 1936.\n\nSir,\n\nWith reference to my despatch No: 561 of the 14th November last, I have the honour to forward herewith a copy of a further despatch from His Majesty's Consul at Dairen on the subject of the establishment of the Kabushiki Kaisha Kochu Konsu.\n\n2.\n\nThe Japanese title of the Company, according to the Tokyo newspapers, is Kabushiki Kaisha Kochu Koshi (Konsu is the Chinese pronunciation of Koshi). The correct rendering of this title in English is China Development Company Limited. It is to be inferred, therefore, from its title, that the Company does not contemplate operations in North China alone.\n\n3.\n\nPress reports in Tokyo confirm the organisation and purposes of the Company, as reported by Mr. Austin, and state that the directors so far appointed are four officials of the South Manchuria Railway Company and the managing-director of the Yamashita Steamship Company, of which the principal business is the transport of cargo between Japan and China and Manchuria. The reports confirm also the appointment, as advisers to the Company, of the President of the Osaka Shosen Kaisha, the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Mitsubishi Shoji Kaisha, and etc., etc., etc.\n\nThe Right Honourable Anthony Eden, M.C., M.P.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-562-23 Koshu Koshi Kabushiki Kaisha- suspected activity as Japanese agents 2-4-1937 - 25-8-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 554539, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-562-23 Koshu Koshi Kabushiki Kaisha- suspected activity as Japanese agents 2-4-1937 - 25-8-1937", "page_number": 17, "title": "CO129-562-23 Koshu Koshi Kabushiki Kaisha- suspected activity as Japanese agents 2-4-1937 - 25-8-1937", "content_text": "No:124\n\nCopies to:-\nD.O.T. O.T. No.41, Peking No:89. C.C.Shanghai No:55, Mukden, Harbin.\n\n17 British Consulate, Dairen, 24th December, 1935.\n\nSir,\n\nWith reference to my despatch No:99 of November 5th last, I have the honour to report that the inaugural meeting of the promoters of the so-called Hsingchung Kungssu was held at the South Manchuria Railway offices here, after a brief postponement, on the 20th instant. Neither Mr. Matsuoka, President of the South Manchuria Railway Company, nor Mr. Shinji Sogo, Chairman designate of the new company, attended, both being still in Japan.\n\n2. According to the Japanese press the official name of the company is the \"(Kabushiki Kaisha) Kochu Konsu\", and its head office will after all be in Dairen, with branches in Tokyo, Shanghai, Tientsin and Hongkong, the inclusion of the last named place marking a still further widening of its area of operations, which it will be remembered was at first given as merely \"North China\".\n\n3. The capital is Yen 10,000,000 (quarter paid-up), to be increased as occasion demands to four or five times that amount, the whole being apparently subscribed by the parent company.\n\n4. His Britannic Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires at Tokyo.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-562-23 Koshu Koshi Kabushiki Kaisha- suspected activity as Japanese agents 2-4-1937 - 25-8-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 555251, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938", "page_number": 101, "title": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938", "content_text": "# THE HONG KONG WEEKLY PRESS & FUTILE PROTESTS\n(Daily Press, October 27, 1937)\n\nWe have hundreds, nay thousands, of poor villagers who would be ready to come forward and tell of the damage done by the Japanese Navy, Army, and Air Force to non-combatants. No, Japan, you can \"fool all of the people some of the time\" but even those who are not aware of the brazen falsehoods spread by the Japanese propagandists in their effort to win some sympathy from the civilised world in their undeclared war against China, feel constrained to express indignation at the latest effort by their Navy Department, namely their plea of innocence in regard to the bombing, by Navy planes, of open towns and cities which resulted, as we already know, in the deaths of thousands of civilians.\n\nWe are indignant because it is such an insult to our intelligence for the Navy Department at Tokyo even to hope, for a moment, that we would swallow every statement they make. The Japanese naval authorities strongly resent the criticism levelled by some Powers and the League Advisory Committee against the air raids, contending that these criticisms are not based on sure ground. Fools in the world refuse to be fooled all of the time, in spite of the fact that your Navy Department \"hopes that the outside world will place confidence in the good faith of the Japanese Navy and show itself proof against reports of this kind.\"\n\nWhile the powers-that-be in Tokyo are busy, dividing their time between sending troops to North China, devising 'more effective' ways and means of subduing a nation that is fighting gallantly to protect its territorial sovereignty, and denying \"malicious reports,\" Japanese propagandists are less busy trying to \"take in\" the world with their cunningly worded statements. For instance, one went so far as to say that \"in raiding their objectives Japanese planes dive low, and in the face of heavy anti-aircraft fire, in order to ensure that their bombs hit their marks and nothing else.\" The reply to this is, if the Japanese planes did fly low at all, the purpose was to make doubly certain that their bombs and machine-guns would miss nothing, not even innocent civilians, women, and children.\n\nReports and photographs published in our columns during the past few weeks, all obtained from authentic sources, showed what havoc amongst the civilians these air raids had wrought in other open cities. Thousands have been rendered homeless as the direct result of these unprovoked and barbarous assaults on a defenceless people, and yet the Navy Department in Tokyo has the brazen effrontery to protest against the criticism made against the despicable methods adopted by their air force.\n\nThe Japanese sea lords then go one better. They have formally and emphatically denied the report in the foreign Press to the effect that many Chinese fishing boats were recently sunk by Japanese submarines in South China waters. How can this be when the Japanese Navy is constantly under orders not to attack defenceless craft? It is a protest that is so vigorous and so persistent that it is calculated to inspire nothing more helpful to Japan than resentment and suspicion.\n\n## THE DRUG TRAFFIC\n\nThose sections of the Report of the Fifth Committee of the League of Nations on the traffic in narcotics, laid before the Assembly at the end of September, which deal with the clandestine production of opium and similar drugs, make highly disagreeable reading for all Governments which are alive to the dangers of the illicit importation of great quantities of cheap narcotics from what are now the chief centres of their production. These centres, beyond any question, are Manchukuo and those parts of Northern China where Chinese authority had been undermined by the Japanese before the outbreak of hostilities.\n\nThe drugs are manufactured in the Japanese concession in Mukden and in Dairen but bear marks of Chinese origin. The Japanese laws do not allow the export of drugs from or through Japan or Korea; those therefore which are exported to America, Europe, and other regions are shipped nominally from Chinese ports.\n\nThe danger to other countries if this vast production of narcotics is allowed to continue unchecked need hardly be emphasized, and an offensive on a large scale is required unless the good work of the League of Nations is to be undone and the world is to be poisoned.\n\nThe contrast between the attitude of China and Japan towards the sale of narcotics is remarkable. In most provinces, China is taking drastic measures, even including the death penalty, against the vendors of opium, and there have been cases of the execution of addicts. In Manchukuo, on the contrary, the traffic in drugs is an open business, conducted under the auspices of the Government's opium monopoly. In Northern China, Tientsin has been the centre of a vast distributive trade conducted under Japanese official protection.\n\nThe comparison speaks for itself. All that need be said here is that it is disquieting to learn that a nation which still professes its desire to regenerate the Far East by its example should be so blind to the moral and physical damage which is being wrought under its aegis.\n\nThe Chinese, whether of Northern China or of Manchukuo, have been and still are the principal sufferers from this deplorable state of affairs. But there are limits to their absorptive capacity, for the drug habit sooner or later impoverishes its victims and a large-scale production of narcotics requires an expanding market. Here lies the danger to other countries. And here too lies a new danger to the prestige of Japan, which has already been gravely impaired by the ruthless violence of its militarists. No Government, however powerful, can afford to incur the suspicion that it encourages the development of the most disreputable of industries on an unprecedented scale.\n\n(Continued from page 606)\n\n## DONATIONS\n\nThe Director of Ambulance has the honour to acknowledge with grateful appreciation and thanks the receipt of the following donations:\n- $100.00 from Messrs. Yuet Koo Chai (per Mr. Fung Kong Un)\n- $21.50 from Staff of the Needle Hill Nine, Shing Mun (per \"S.C.M. Post\")\n- $12.00 from Mr. G. Bixby (per Mr. W. R. Andrews)\n- $3.00 from Mrs. A. Whittaker (per \"S.C.M. Post\")\n- One hypodermic syringe from Miss Mann for Cheung Chau Hospital.\n\nThe Hong Kong Chinese Relief Association acknowledges with thanks the donation of one thousand dollars from the Estate of the late Mr. Chan Kai Ming (per Mr. Kenneth Chan) `$1,000`.\n\n## CHINA OVERLAND TRADE REPORT\n\n## U.S. WILL KEEP OUT OF WAR\n\n\"Unless And Until Others Have Been Dragged In\"\n\n**STANLEY DOLLAR INTERVIEWED**\n\n\"American sympathy to-day is beyond question on the side of China, but if anybody thinks that that sympathy is going to find expression in America coming into this war as an active participant on the side of China he is greatly mistaken, if I have correctly interpreted the feelings of the average American.\n\nThis dogmatic statement was made to a representative of the `Daily Press` yesterday by Mr. Stanley Dollar, grandson of the famous Robert Dollar, founder of the Dollar Steamships, Ltd., who is now in Hong Kong. Mr. Stanley Dollar, a typical American university graduate, is on a round trip in the President Hoover which leaves Hong Kong to-day for the United States. He is a member of the Dollar Steamship Lines and does not intend to go in for politics. Ships, shipping, and the sea is in his blood, he says.\n\nMr. Dollar discussed the situation as affecting the United States quite freely. There was no doubt, he said, that trade was hit, and shipping even worse, by the Sino-Japanese hostilities and there was a rising tide of sympathy with the Chinese people all over America.\n\n\"But the American people,\" he continued, \"are, as a nation, totally against war so far as America is concerned, and I do not think they will take any sides in this war.\"\n\n### UNTIL OTHERS DRAGGED IN\n\nAs an afterthought, however, Mr. Dollar added these significant words: \"At any rate not unless and until others have been drawn into it.\"\n\n\"But do you not think a policy of isolationism is quite incompatible with the present order of things in this world? Aviation, wireless telephony, and other modern inventions—what one might call twentieth century progress—have made the world so much smaller that the nations are so inter-dependent and inter-connected that it has surely become impossible for any one of them to be disinterested in the others, at any rate among the great powers?\" asked the pressman.\n\n\"America will stay out of trouble and do her very utmost to prevent trouble elsewhere as long as she can,\" replied Mr. Dollar, \"but if anybody expects her to rush into this Far Eastern trouble as an active participant he is mistaken. The Americans feel they had enough of war the last time and they will not be dragged into another one easily. They are a peace-loving people and the great masses of the United States do not know and do not, I dare say, care to delve into the intricacies of international politics. But, of course, they are a very emotional people.\"\n\n### AMERICA NOT BOUND\n\nAs an example of this line of thought Mr. Dollar cited President Roosevelt's famous Chicago speech and said that the speech had not by any means created a favourable impression in the United States in so far as it tended to convey the impression abroad that America was committed to any line of action. On this score, it had been very strenuously criticised in the United States.\n\nWith regard to conditions in the United States, Mr. Dollar said there had been a distinct decline in trade of recent months but the country was certainly sharing in the general prosperity since the inception of the arms race a few years ago.\n\nOpinion in America, he thought, while being against war, was fully alive to the necessity of being adequately armed, in a world armed to the teeth, purely for defensive purposes. To this extent, the navy appropriations, huge as they have been, had not met with very great opposition, but it was not to be expected that America would go all out to create a record in the armaments race.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 555254, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938", "page_number": 104, "title": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938", "content_text": "# THE HONG KONG WEEKLY PRESS & \n## October 29, 1937\n### AMAZING PROGRESS IN SIX YEARS\n#### What Sino-Japanese War Has Meant To China\n\nSomething of China's amazing progress during the past few years was discussed by Mr. Walter Han-ming Chen, the well-known Chinese journalist and publicist when he spoke to Hong Kong students at the Hong Kong University on Oct. 19 on \"Present-day China.\"\n\nAs you know, China, since the overthrow of the Manchus 26 years ago, was for more than two decades divided and nobody was able to bring about unification in our country. Military leaders and political chieftains were jealous of each other; they fought for power and self-aggrandizement. Communists battled against the central government.\n\nBanditry was rife. Then came the Japanese, who forcibly occupied our Three Eastern Provinces, where they set up a puppet state which they called Manchukuo. Then they pushed further southward into north China and there, aided by traitors, they established a so-called autonomous regime, which permitted widespread smuggling and the poisoning of our unfortunate people, through the sale of opium, morphine, and other dangerous drugs.\n\nAfter that, they occupied Peiping, Tientsin, and other places in north China, and started warfare in Shanghai and other places along the Peiping-Hankow and the Tientsin-Pukow Railways, where at present our brave soldiers and airmen are putting up a glorious battle for the honour and existence of our country. Such a state of affairs, everybody will agree, could not be tolerated.\n\nChina had to have a leader who was capable of uniting the country and resisting invasion. We had to find a leader, who was a real and sincere patriot, who would command the people's confidence. Heaven gave us General Chiang Kai-shek, the only man who is able to save China and lead our national army in defence of our country. With his New Life Movement, the Generalissimo has succeeded, where others had failed, in uniting our ancestral land and is, as you know, personally directing the resistance against those who are trying to dominate and conquer our country.\n\n### REAL UNITY\n\nMany people have questioned me as to whether our unity is real. I can assure you that, beyond a shadow of doubt, it is. China is now more united than she has been for years past. Never before, indeed, have we Chinese been so united and never before have the people and their leaders shown such spirit of co-operation.\n\nIt has constantly been claimed that China is weak and not united and that it is unsafe and dangerous to live in our country, but we have shown, during the past few months, that we are far from being weak and that we are a really unified country. As to the allegation that China is a dangerous place to live in, you may be interested to know that nowadays, with the exception of the territories occupied by the Japanese, people may come and go about and live in China in perfect safety.\n\nIn former days, one would never have dared to make such a statement, but to-day things are different and we seldom read in the press of civil warfare, communist activities, banditry, or kidnappings - depredations which have been nearly wiped out - such as we used to read about almost every day in the past.\n\n### AMAZING PROGRESS\n\nThe really startling thing about China to-day is the amazing progress which has been taking place throughout the country. The era of civil war and banditry, as I have already said, is ended. Both the will of the people and the policy of the National Government are united in harmonising and composing all differences through peaceful means.\n\nEverywhere, there is a widespread recognition of the fact that, with the solution of the economic problem, the political problem would automatically be solved. For this reason, our government has been bending all its energies towards giving the people an efficient, honest, and progressive administration.\n\nWe do claim to have made considerable progress in this direction. We must give the Chinese Government time to wipe the slate clean. We must be patient and not expect too much at once. We must be fair and just to her friends.\n\n### NEW LIFE MOVEMENT\n\nThe New Life Movement is deeply concerned with the character that goes to make a nation and with developing that character. Without men and women of character, there can be no unified state. When men allow personal ambition, greed, selfishness, and vanity to dominate their political theories and acts, we are immediately plunged into civil war. The New Life Movement has done a considerable amount of work and it would take hours to tell of the progress which it has already made, and the reforms which it has brought about in China.\n\nIn addition to character building, the New Life Movement stresses the responsibilities of citizenship. Ambitious men may intrigue to invade neighbouring provinces but, as citizens more and more are voicing their opinions and insisting upon unification, this breaking of national unity has become exceedingly difficult. He is a foolhardy man indeed who to-day disregards this growing and formidable public opinion. There is national unity in China because the people demand it. National reforms are being brought about because the people demand them.\n\n### AFTER THE WAR\n\nNow that unity has been restored, the Nanking authorities will, when the present Sino-Japanese hostilities are ended, and eventual victory is won by China, turn their eyes to education and communications, after which I understand, steps will be taken towards raising the standard of living of the people.\n\nThe growth of the modern school system throughout China has been phenomenal. Everywhere in the interior, we see children and adults with their books coming and going. The fact is that the vast majority of the people are not informed on many matters that concern their everyday life, and ignorance and superstition still influence them to an alarming extent.\n\nNow, I am happy to say, education has come to China and it has come to stay. It is growing rapidly and thousands of cheap and efficient schools are being opened, or have been opened in the different provinces. Madame Chiang Kai-shek has opened a number of schools, and is mothering several hundred students in schools for the children of the revolution and recommends this form of social service to her friends.\n\n### EDUCATION FORGING AHEAD\n\nI have mentioned a cheap and efficient system of education. Between 600 and 1,000 of the most used characters in the Chinese written language have been chosen and those who know these have a useful everyday grasp of their use. Cheap books have been printed and supplied to the different schools, free of cost. Paper and ink are distributed gratis to the students.\n\nTeachers who have finished their middle and normal school education are selected and given a small salary, just enough to live on. In many places, temples and other buildings are borrowed and used as school buildings.\n\nIn many cases, there are blackboards but no desks or stools. Sometimes students are to be seen sitting on the ground, using their knees as their desks, and writing as best they can on them. Nevertheless, in spite of their difficulties, they learn and, at the end of their day's work, they are told to go home and teach their parents and elders, which they generally do, and this has amazing results.\n\nApart from the classes for the children, there are classes for adults, which are generally held in the early mornings or at dusk or after, so as to permit these people to attend their fields and other duties during the day.\n\n### COMPULSORY CLASSES\n\nIn the cities, we have a system of compulsory education for servants, shop assistants, and others who have not attended school. These are conducted along the mass education system and already thousands have been educated in this way. Agents of the government are sent regularly to the different shops and homes and they register all those who are uneducated. Notices are sent and tell the uneducated to attend classes at selected places, generally early in the morning or in the evening. Should they fail to attend classes, both they and their employers are fined.\n\n### MILITARY TRAINING\n\nNow we come to the compulsory citizens' military training. Every citizen over the age of 18 and under the age of 45 is expected to serve a term with the colours. There are many who do not like to serve and who try to evade military service, but the government has, nevertheless, ordered that they should undergo a period of training ranging from three to six months, failing which they are punished.\n\nI have seen classes in which business magnates have stood shoulder to shoulder with shop assistants or other employees. All these undergo strict and rigorous training and are subjected to military law. Even girls are called upon to serve and those unable to carry rifles are put through courses of first aid and nursing.\n\nAt the time I left Shanghai, before the outbreak of hostilities on August 13, one of the girls undergoing military training was my daughter and another was the daughter of Mr. O. K. Yui, Mayor of Shanghai, who is prominently in the news nowadays and who has refused to use his influence to enable his daughter to escape her national responsibilities. As a result, thousands have been turned into efficient citizens with military training.\n\n### EXAMINATION FOR OFFICIALS\n\nIn the political sphere, the financial administration has been centralised, our national budget has been balanced, and the tax system has been reformed, so that, since the advent of the National Government, some local taxes have been abolished. Some of these former taxes, levied by warlords, had been collected 89 years in advance!\n\nOfficials high and low are being subjected to severe civil examination and those found unqualified are being removed from office, irrespective of the influence of friends.\n\nThousands of miles of fine new highways have been built since 1927 when the National Government came into power. These are to be found in every province, and it is now possible for one to travel from the leading coastal cities to formerly inaccessible places, by motor car.\n\nMany miles of new railways also have been constructed and the Canton-Hankow Railway has been completed while the Lunghai Line has been extended.\n\nA network of telephone wires permits persons in Shanghai, Nanking, and Canton, for instance, to converse with others in places thousands of miles away.\n\n### AERIAL SERVICES\n\nThen, of course, there are the efficient airway services, the planes of which carry passengers to such inland places as Kuming (Yunnan), Sian, and Chengtu in a few hours, whereas it used to take weeks and months to make the trips in former times. Unfortunately, these services have temporarily been suspended as a result of the Sino-Japanese war.\n\n## BANKING CORPORATION\n\n| | |\n| --- | --- |\n| **AUTHORISED CAPITAL** | $50,000,000 |\n| **ISSUED AND FULLY PAID-UP** | $20,000,000 |\n| **RESERVE FUNDS** | |\n|   STERLING | £6,500,000 |\n|   HONG KONG CURRENCY RESERVE | $10,000,000 |\n| **RESERVE LIABILITY OF PROPRIETORS** | $20,000,000 |\n\n**HEAD OFFICE:** HONG KONG\n\n**BOARD OF DIRECTORS:**\n- G. Miskin, Esq., Chairman\n- Hon. Mr. M.T. Johnson, Deputy Chairman\n- J.K. Bousfield, Esq.\n- K.S. Morrison, Esq.\n- Hon. Mr. J. J. Paterson\n- Ali Compton, Esq.\n- S. H. Dodwell, Esq.\n- T. E. Pearce, Esq.\n- J. E. Vasson, Esq.\n- A. Shields, Esq.\n- Sir Vandeleur M. Grayburn, Chief Manager\n\n**BRANCHES:**\n- Amoy\n- Bangkok\n- Batavia\n- Bombay\n- Canton\n- Chotoo\n- Colombo\n- Dairen\n- Foochow\n- Haiphong\n- Hamburg\n- Hankow\n- Hong Kong\n- Iloilo\n- Ipoh\n- Jobore\n- Kobe\n- Kowloon\n- Kuala Lumpur\n- Lyons\n- Malacca\n- Manila\n- Mukden\n- New York\n- Peiping\n- Penang\n- Rangoon\n- Saigon\n- San Francisco\n- Shanghai\n- Singapore\n- Surabaya\n- Swatow\n- Tientsin\n- Tokyo\n- Tsingtao\n- Wuhu\n\n**CURRENT ACCOUNTS** opened in Local CURRENCY and Fixed Deposits received for one year or shorter periods in Local CURRENCY and STERLING on terms which will be quoted on application.\n\n**ALSO** up to date SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES in various sizes To LET\n\nHong Kong, 12th May, 1937.\n\n## ANNOUNCEMENT\n\nAn engagement is announced between Robert, younger son of Mr. and Mrs. F. E. Hooper of Madras, and Sybil, older daughter of Mr. and Mrs. F. M. Crawford of \"Craigieburn,\" Brookmans Park, Herts., late of Hong Kong.\n\nThe marriage will take place in Madras in January.\n\nIn General Chiang Kai-shek we Chinese have a sincere and capable patriot as our leader. We are at one in giving him our full support and co-operation and will follow him unswervingly to the end in spite of the threat of our enemy to oust him and to exterminate the Nanking regime.\n\nLet us all place our confidence in the Generalissimo and give him a free hand. Do not try to rush him along for he knows what he is doing. He is a military man and we are civilians who are not familiar with the art of warfare.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 555413, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-563-18 Sino-Japanese War- stopping of British shipping by Japanese 11-9-1937 - 29-12-1937", "page_number": 50, "title": "CO129-563-18 Sino-Japanese War- stopping of British shipping by Japanese 11-9-1937 - 29-12-1937", "content_text": "# [This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government, and should be returned to the Foreign Office if not required for official use.]\n\nFrom **CHINA**.\n\n**Shippy** \n**51** \n**Decode**.\n\n**Mr. Howe (Shanghai)** \n5th November, 1937.\n\n**D.** \n(Via W/T.) 5th November, 1937.\n\n**R.** \n5.45 p.m., 5th November, 1937.\n\nNo. 172.\n\n**(R)**\n\nAddressed to Tokyo No. 42.\n\nNumerous instances have occurred of vessels which are unable to come here owing to hostilities discharging Shanghai cargo at Dairen or Japanese ports. Japanese authorities are now refusing to allow shipment of such cargo to China or even Hongkong unless guarantee is given that it is not destined for China. This action is causing serious inconvenience to British importers in China and seems inconsistent with Japanese declaration in regard to treatment of neutral vessels and cargo resulting from blockade of China coast. Such cargo is still in transit and cannot properly be made subject to any embargo imposed on exports to China from Manchukuo or Japan.\n\n3. I should be grateful if representations could be made with a view to removal of these restrictions.\n\nRepeated to Foreign Office and Peking; Shanghai and Manking.\n\ncopy to\n\nPage 50 \nPage 51", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-563-18 Sino-Japanese War- stopping of British shipping by Japanese 11-9-1937 - 29-12-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 556026, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-564-12 Status of leased territories in China 29-9-1937 - 30-10-1937", "page_number": 15, "title": "CO129-564-12 Status of leased territories in China 29-9-1937 - 30-10-1937", "content_text": "POSITION OF LEASED TERRITORY IN CHINA DURING WAR.\n\nIn China, various Powers hold or have held leases of territory from the Chinese Government. The principal existing examples are the Hong Kong leased territory and Dairen, leased to the Japanese. The latter was formerly comprised in the leased territory of Port Arthur in favour of Russia, and taken over by the Japanese after the Russo-Japanese War. There used also to be Kiauchau, leased to the Germans, and also Wei-hai-wei, leased to the United Kingdom. Both the latter were restored to China after the war.\n\nThe question which arises with this type of leased territory is where the sovereignty lies during the term of the lease. Strictly speaking, it should be held to remain with the lessor. Otherwise a lease would be indistinguishable from an out-and-out cession. In point of fact, there can be little doubt that the strictly theoretical sovereignty does remain with the lessor.\n\nFor instance, the Convention of 1898, which effected the Hong Kong lease, made no provision for any re-transfer to Chinese sovereignty at the end of the 99 years term, and it is quite clear on the face of the Convention that the leased territory will automatically revert to China when the term is up, unless some contrary arrangement is arrived at. Therefore, it is not a case of a cession coupled with an obligation to re-transfer at the end of the period. If it were, there would be no question but that the sovereignty was with the lessee, only he would be obliged to re-cede the territory at the end of so many years. As it is, there is no question of any re-transfer, there is a genuine lease, at any rate on paper, the residual sovereignty, so to speak, remains in the lessor, and, when the term is up, he automatically resumes full control, without the necessity for any special instrument.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-564-12 Status of leased territories in China 29-9-1937 - 30-10-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 564120, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-575-3 Japanese affairs 2-1-1939 - 21-12-1939", "page_number": 83, "title": "CO129-575-3 Japanese affairs 2-1-1939 - 21-12-1939", "content_text": "## Visits of Colonial Governors-General\n\n184. During the month of May, visits were paid to Tokyo by General Minami, Governor-General of Korea, and Admiral Kobayashi, Governor-General of Formosa. It is reported that new policies in Korea were decided on during General Minami's visit, both in regard to the development of the agriculture and industry of the country, which has acquired a special importance as the \"arsenal base\" for Japan's continental policy, and in regard to the treatment of Koreans in Korea and in Japan. It is said that a system of compulsory education is to be introduced into Korea as soon as possible, and that eventually conscription and suffrage will follow. It is also reported that it is planned to import large numbers of Korean labourers to cope with the growing shortage of labour here. On his arrival here on the 19th May, Admiral Kobayashi gave a press interview in which he referred to the good effect that the incident was having on the morale of the Formosans, more than 9,500 of whom had already fought and worked for the army in China. He also said that the future of Formosa depended on the island's industrialisation. He said that the recently acquired Spratley Islands would be a good stepping-stone for Japan's southward development, but he considered that the recently mooted plan for the administrative combination of Formosa and the mandated islands under a Governor-General of the south would prove difficult of realisation owing to the immense distance which separates Formosa from the eastern end of the archipelago. He also expressed the opinion that Formosa should be developed as the first line of defence against the south and west, and the mandated islands as the first line of defence against the Pacific. This remark is interesting in connection with the statement of General Koiso at the conference of prefectural Governors that the Government was taking appropriate measures for protection and guidance in the South Sea islands.\n\n## Plans for the Development of North Manchuria\n\n185. On the 15th May, the Hsinking Government published details of a comprehensive plan for the development of the northern border districts of Manchuria, which have hitherto been neglected on account of their remoteness. The project is expected to be completed in the main by 1941. The total expenditure involved will be some 1,000 million yuan. The scheme provides for new railways, roads, postal facilities, telephone cables, radio towers, and aerodromes, as well as for repairs and improvements to what already exists, for the development of water power supply, colonisation of uninhabited areas, rationalisation of labour supply, encouragement of agriculture by establishment of experimental stations, guilds, and commissions for the distribution of materials, strengthening of air defences, and provision of clubs and other social facilities.\n\n## Reorganisation of Municipalities of Dairen and Port Arthur\n\n186. The municipal government of these two cities has hitherto been not unlike that of a Japanese city, comprising an Assembly whose members, apart from four Chinese selected by the Kwantung Government, have been elected every four years by Japanese householders; the mayor was chosen every four years by the Assembly. Under the new system, half the members of the Assembly are to be officially nominated, and the term of service is to be three years only. The mayor and vice-mayor (a new post) are to be Japanese Government officials appointed by the Japanese Ambassador at Hsinking. The mayor actually chosen has for the past four and a half years been Vice-Governor of two provinces in Manchuria, and his appointment illustrates the ease with which Japanese officials can be interchanged between Japan and the \"independent\" State of Manchukuo.\n\nIt is probable that the new Assembly's function will be merely to endorse the decisions of the executive authority headed by the mayor, but the staffing of the executive by permanent Government officials, which forms part of the reorganisation, should bring some increase of efficiency. The change has been received with complete apathy by the inhabitants.\n\n## Trial of Japanese Communists\n\n187. The trial of twenty-two so-called Communists, which began in September last year, came to an end on the 8th May, when Mr. Toshi Futami was sentenced to death. Many of the twenty-one other defendants on trial with Mr. Futami since last September were shown leniency by the court in consideration of their avowed repentance. The judge refused to rule on the case against another of the group, who has been drafted into military service.\n\n188. All twenty-two of the defendants, arrested late in 1935, were said to have been members of the extinct Japan Anarchist-Communist party. They were accused and convicted on various criminal charges, including larceny, attempted homicide, desertion of a corpse, possession of explosives, and violation of the Peace Preservation Law.\n\n189. It was said that they had sought to maintain a vestige of the party after it had been suppressed by resorting to petty racketeering to obtain funds. Procurators handling the case demanded severe penalties for each of them, but the court took note of their penitent attitude and imposed milder sentences on virtually all but Mr. Futami, who was found more deeply implicated in the serious charges.\n\n## Expansion of Wireless Services\n\n190. It is reported in the vernacular press that the Communications Ministry have concluded negotiations with various countries for the inauguration of direct wireless telephone or telegraph services. Communication by wireless telegraph with Kalgan is expected to be opened by the end of June, and will be followed by services to Afghanistan, Peru, and Belgium. Wireless telephone services with France, Peru, Brazil, Australia, and Hong Kong are also to be inaugurated by the autumn. There is said to be a balance in Japan's favour of messages received over messages despatched of some 3 million words; in spite of this, Japan pays annual fees amounting to 10 million yen, owing to the fact that she is obliged to make use of the network of submarine cables owned by Great Britain, France, and the United States. The new expansion in Japan's direct wireless services is designed to remedy this handicap.\n\n## Foreign Misconception of Japan's Aims\n\n191. According to the Yomiuri, the Japan Economic Federation are exercised at the reception being given to Japanese goods abroad, and at the attitude of western countries to Japan's economic expansion in Asia, and are proposing to set up a special committee for the correction of the misconceptions by foreign countries regarding Japan's programme. The paper understands that the committee's first business will be to start investigations on a large scale into the reasons for these misconceptions.\n\n## Improving the Policeman's Lot\n\n192. The tendency of policemen and other underpaid minor officials to drift into munitions factories has already been referred to. During the first four months of this year, more than 400 policemen resigned from the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Force, whereas the present output of the police training school is about 160 a year. It is said that the Metropolitan Police Board are greatly concerned at the effect of these defections on the morale of the force and are doing their best to stop them; but the remaining policemen are said to be asking for better conditions of service. A plan has, however, been worked out by the board, by which certain \"welfare measures\" will take the place of increased salaries. Under this plan, subsidies of from 10 to 15 yen per child per annum are to be granted for the education of policemen's children, new houses with specially low rentals are to be built for the men, loans without interest are to be granted in cases of illness, and arrangements are to be made to...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-575-3 Japanese affairs 2-1-1939 - 21-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 564190, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-575-3 Japanese affairs 2-1-1939 - 21-12-1939", "page_number": 153, "title": "CO129-575-3 Japanese affairs 2-1-1939 - 21-12-1939", "content_text": "## V.—Amoy Development\n\n20. Light and water services in Amoy have been taken over by Fukudai Koshi.\n\n21. Nanko Koshi, a company for the export of Formosan Monopoly Products, plans to establish a liquor and cigarette factory at Amoy, which will use material brought from Formosa. It is hoped that work will start on construction in March 1939, and that the factory will have a capacity of 150,000-250,000 gallons of liquor, and 150,000 to 300,000 cigarettes.\n\n22. A press report of the 28th January states that Amoy is full of Japanese nationals returning to the city. Some are old residents returning, and others newcomers. The following is said to be the result of a Japanese consular investigation made at the end of December:\n\n| Category | Number |\n| --- | --- |\n| Japanese (male) | 1,604 |\n| Japanese (female) | 594 |\n| Koreans (male) | 46 |\n| Koreans (female) | 107 |\n| Formosans (male) | 3,653 |\n| Formosans (female) | 1,646 |\n| Total | 7,650 |\n\nOf the above total, 3,000 were temporary visitors, and 4,650 permanent residents. There are also 1,631 Formosans and 53,419 Chinese returned from Colon Island. The naval authorities reported that at the time of the occupation 15,000 Chinese remained at Amoy. It is said that other Chinese refugees in Colon Island are now most anxious to return, and have submitted applications.\n\n23. It appears that some of the more disreputable members of the old Japanese and Formosan colony at Amoy (who were useful enough material for fomenting trouble under the old régime) have now been refused permission to return.\n\n## VI.—Emigration\n\n24. Under the auspices of the Taihoku Provincial Government and Police, an emigration association has been formed. Its purpose is to train and emigrate prospective emigrants, and to carry out the necessary formalities on their behalf.\n\n## VII.—Fishing\n\n25. The Shonan Maru, fishery experimental boat belonging to the Government-General of Formosa returned on the 28th January from an investigation of the fisheries along the China coast, over an area 400 miles long and 50 miles wide, from Kokusan Island in the north to the Keitei Islands in the south. The results are said to have been excellent.\n\n## VIII.—Communications\n\n26. The Formosa Development Company apparently owns one ship, the `Kinrei Maru`; the purchase of more were contemplated, but an arrangement appears to have been reached with the Kinkai Yusen Kaisha instead.\n\n27. In conformity with Japanese plans for cutting out Hong Kong as an entrepôt of South China trade, a service is said to have been inaugurated between Canton and Macao by a trawler of the Nippon Suisan Kaisha. It is said to have a capacity of thirty passengers, and to do the round trip once every five days.\n\n28. Advertised sailings from Formosa to Fukien and Hong Kong are as follows:\n| Operator | Route | Frequency |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Osaka Shosen Kaisha | Keelung-Amoy-Keelung | Four times a month |\n| Osaka Shosen Kaisha | Takao-Keelung-Amoy-Keelung-Shanghai-Keelung-Takao | Twice a month |\n| Osaka Shosen Kaisha | Keelung-Amoy-Takao-Hong Kong-Takao-Amoy-Keelung | Twice a month |\n| Nippon Yusen Kaisha (European Service) | Keelung-Hong Kong | Irregular, averaging once a month each way |\n| Nippon Yusen Kaisha (European Service) | Hong Kong-Keelung | Irregular, averaging once a month each way |\n\n29. There are no advertised sailings to Foochow, Swatow and Canton. The Dairen Kisen Kaisha was reported on the 18th January to be going to extend its Formosan service to Canton, and to increase sailings. Enquiries indicate that this is premature. The Osaka Shosen Kaisha has not yet been able to restore its Takao-Canton service, and does not wish a newcomer to get in first.\n\n30. There is an air service between Taihoku and Canton, running daily in each direction.\n\n**(Most Confidential.)**\n\n## IX. Concluding Note\n\nThe following later information has been obtained from a usually reliable source:\n\n(i) A Formosan, who before the \"incident\" owned extensive house property in Amoy, and himself held a good job in Japanese employ, has had his property destroyed by the Japanese bombardment, and compensation refused. He has lost his job, and is now reduced to earning a livelihood by peddling to the Chinese population opium supplied from Formosa. He says all trade in Amoy is dead except for the drug traffic.\n\n(ii) When Amoy was first occupied, Japanese nationals were freely invited to return, but latterly this policy has been modified; and Formosan residents of good character and standing, who did not return at once, are now finding much difficulty in obtaining permission.\n\n(iii) It is becoming a grievance that Formosan merchants are being gradually excluded by the Japanese from trade with the mainland. Not only are they excluded from army contracts in which they first had a part, but they are being pushed out even from the old-established trade with North China and Manchuria.\n\n(iv) Mr. Kato, the Director of the Foreign Affairs Bureau of the Government-General, was in Foochow for six weeks last autumn, making plans for economic development. Some sort of understanding between the Fukien administration and the Japanese has long been believed to exist, but this would appear to indicate considerably more intimate relations than had been supposed. This report is founded upon a statement made by Mr. Kato himself in private conversation.\n\n**(No. 13.)**\nSir,\n\n## Enclosure 3\n\nConsul Archer to Sir R. Craigie.\n\nTamsui, February 16, 1939.\n\nIN continuation of my despatch No. on the subject of Japanese activities in South China, I have the honour to report that Viscount Inouye (see paragraph 10 of the report enclosed with that despatch) returned to Takao on the 13th February with several members of his mission, of whom Mr. Nagai, a... \n\nPage 183", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-575-3 Japanese affairs 2-1-1939 - 21-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566755, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 3, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "2. L. Japan Tel. 706.\n\n6 70.\n\n7.970/79/10\n\n17239\n\nTro. of letter from the Federation of British Industries of 26.1.39 re: the shipping situation in South China.\n\nyou.\n\n117\n\nZs.\n\nZoo. of Letter to Tokyo 22·2·39 re: application from the Dairen Kisen Kaisha for clearance of 2 vessels from Hong Kong.\n\nNo.5\n\nNo. 6\n\n? Partly.\n\n// Blunt has already reported that Japanese goods are coming into Canton in considerable quantities in Japanese S.S., chartered vessels, & that Jap. shops in Canton are doing a good trade.\n\nHT:B\n\n1713\n\nKar\n\n? Exon. Dept to see, then putly.\n\n? Duplicate to FO.hf., then putly.\n\nA. N. Galsworthy\n\n16/3\n\nMr Duncan to see.\n\nm.7.\n\n# Powell-Sean.\n\n20/3/39 11. Duncan.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566817, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 65, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "No.1/5995/1938.\n\nNUMBER AND DATE SHOULD BE QUOTED IN REFERENCE TO THIS LETTER\n\nX/P:TMK\n\nTELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS \"SECRETARY. HONG KONG.\"\n\nGovt., A.B.C. 5TH EDN., & BENTLEY'S 2ND PHRASE CODE.\n\n7 SEP 1939\n\nC. O. REGY\n\n53838/6/37\n\n34\n\nGS\n\nCOLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE, HONG KONG, 25th August, 1939.\n\nThe Colonial Secretary, Hong Kong, presents his compliments to the Under Secretary of State for the Colonies, London, and with reference to the Secretary of State's despatch No.165 of 19th May, 1939, regarding the application made by the Dairen Kisen Kaisha for the clearance of certain vessels from Hong Kong, is directed to forward herewith for his information a copy of an extract from the South China Morning Post dated 27th July, 1939, regarding a judgment delivered by the Chief Justice of Hong Kong on this subject.\n\nThe Under Secretary of State for the Colonies, London.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566818, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 66, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "Extracted from the SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST dated 27th July, 1939.\n\n66 (1) STATE OF WAR EXISTS CHIEF JUSTICE JUSTICE ON HOSTILITIES BETWEEN CHINA AND JAPAN WINDING UP OF SHIPPING FIRM\n\nWritten judgment on the petition brought by the Shiang Kee, otherwise known as the China Merchants Steam Navigation Co., Ltd., for the winding up of the Hongkong Branch of the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Co., Ltd. was delivered by the Chief Justice, Sir Atholl MacGregor, in the Supreme Court yesterday.\n\nHis Lordship granted the petition, holding that as the Company in China was in process of dissolution, an order for the winding up of the Hongkong branch ought to be made.\n\nIn the course of his judgment, His Lordship referred to the Sino-Japanese hostilities and said.—“Not only on the authorities which I have cited but also on my inescapable knowledge of conditions on the China coast, a state of war exists between China and Japan, and has existed at all times material to this application.\"\n\nThe petitioners were represented by Mr. Eldon Potter, K.C., and Mr. H. C. Macnamara, instructed by Mr. D. L. Strellett, of Geo. K. Hall & Brutton and Co. Mr. H. G. Sheldon, K.C., and the Hon. Mr. Leo D'Almada, Jnr., instructed by Mr. H. J. Armstrong of Deacons, opposed the petition on behalf of the following shareholders: Hsu Chin-tang (4,394 shares), Hsu Teh-yen (3,754), Cheng Teh-chun (2,502), Kao Yung-tong (2,044), Kao Cheung-chang (1,584), Yu Weh-ting (1,420), Yu Wei-fan (1,000), Li Yu-hsiang (70), Cheng Pen-ching (6,377), Cheng Chung-yu (6,176), Chang Chi-yu (5,623), Chang Pen-fah (5,429), Chang Hsin-teh (4,836), Chang Ming-teh (4,500) and the Dairen Kishen Kaisha, who are creditors to the amount of $47,157.32. All of them are of Dairen.\n\nIn his Judgment, the Chief Justice said:\n\nThe Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company Limited, which hereafter in this judgment I shall refer to as \"the company\" was duly incorporated and registered as a company with limited liability under the laws of the Republic of China on April 1, 1920. The head office of the company has at all material times been in Chefoo. The business of the company is and throughout has been that of ship-owners, carriers by sea, and other business in connection with shipping. Since the year 1920, the company has had a branch office in Hongkong. The company is an unregistered company so far as the laws of this Colony are concerned, and the jurisdiction invoked in this application is that conferred on this Court by Section 313 of the Companies Ordinance 1932, the material provisions of which are:\n\nProvisions of Law\n\n313 (1) (b) The circumstances in which an unregistered company may be wound up are as follows:- (i) If the company is dissolved, or has ceased to carry on business, or is carrying on business only for the purpose of winding up its affairs; (iii) If the Court is of opinion that it is just and equitable that the company should be wound up.\n\n313 (2) Where a company incorporated outside the Colony which has been carrying on business in the Colony ceases to carry on business in the Colony, it may be wound up as an unregistered company under this Part of the Ordinance notwithstanding that it has been dissolved or otherwise ceased to exist as a company under or by virtue of the laws of the country under which it was incorporated.\n\nThe facts, so far as they are material to this application, can be summarised quite briefly. The Company owns and operates twenty steamships. Eleven of these vessels are chartered to Japanese interests, three are engaged in ordinary shipping business, and the other six have, since August, 1937, been lying in the waters of the Colony. The only local activity of the Company during that period has been that one of the vessels was from November 1938 to February 25, 1939, chartered for use as a storage hulk.\n\nThe Dairen Kisen Kabushiki Kaisha, a corporation established under the laws of Japan, was appointed to act as agents of the Company in 1939, and the local representatives of that corporation purported to assume duty as agents of the company in Hongkong as from 1st February 1939.\n\nChungking's Order\n\nThe District Court of Chungking, having been duly authorised in that behalf by an order of the Supreme Court of China, in February 1939 ordered the immediate dissolution of the Company and appointed three liquidators. From that decision, an appeal was taken to the First Divisional Court of the Supreme Court of China, which on May 30 dismissed the appeal. That decision is final.\n\nThe present application is based on three grounds:\n\n(i) That there has been a winding-up order made by a court of competent jurisdiction in the country in which the company was incorporated, and, as a result of that winding-up, the corporate powers of the Company have been destroyed in the country of its origin;\n\n(ii) That the Company has in fact ceased to carry on business in the Colony; and\n\n(iii) That it is just and equitable that the Company should be wound up. The substratum of the Company has gone. It is a shipping company, and cannot carry on legitimate business because of the risk of seizure of their vessels by enemy forces. The only avenue of business open to the Company are either illegal trading with the enemy or work extraneous to the true objects of the company, such as the chartering of their vessels for use as hulks within this harbour.\n\nMr. Potter's Case\n\nOn the first of these grounds, Mr. Potter relies on the case of In re The Russian Bank for Foreign Trade (1933) Chancery 745. In that case, the Russian revolutionary legislation of 1917 and the following years had put an end to the juristic existence of banking companies incorporated in Russia, and it was held that the impossibility of a branch of such a Russian bank continuing to function according to its incorporating statutes was a sufficient ground for a winding-up order.\n\nIn delivering judgment, Maugham J (as he then was) said: \"The decrees as regards banks whose seats and principal offices were taken over by the state, must be regarded as so crippling the powers of the companies that, if not extinct, they could no longer exhibit any of the signs of life. At the best, the bank, as a legal corporation, deprived as it was of its assets and its corporators, became no more than a legal conception. Its branch in England, if an old metaphor may be employed, is now a submerged wreck floating on the ocean of commerce. As a branch of the original bank, it appears, however, to have or to have had creditors in this country, and if the petition before me is properly presented, I am of opinion both that the bank has ceased legally to carry on business, and that it is just and equitable that it should be wound up. The essential features of the case are, indeed, of a simple character. A corporation created and established under a foreign legal system has been allowed by our laws to carry on business and to incur debts in this country. Its corporate powers, if not its corporate existence, have been destroyed in its country of origin. It cannot be doubted that in such circumstances, the Court, if it has jurisdiction, ought to make an order which will secure as far as possible the payment of all just claims against the corporation.\"\n\nAn order was made for the compulsory winding-up of the company.\n\nEnglish Ruling\n\nIn his speech in the case of Lazard Bros. & Co. v. Midland Bank (1933) A.C.289 at 297, Lord Wright says: \"English courts have long since recognised as juristic persons corporations established by foreign law in virtue of the fact of their creation and\n\nTo be cont'd.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566819, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 67, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST\n\n27th July,\n\ncontinuance under and by that law. Such recognition is said to be by the comity of nations. This in Henriques v. Dutch West India Co. (1728) 2 Lord Raymond (1532, 1535) the Dutch company were permitted to sue in the King's Bench on evidence being given of the proper instruments whereby by the law of Holland they were effectually created a corporation there. But as the creation depends on the act of the foreign state which created them, the annulment of the act of creation by the same power will involve the dissolution and non-existence of the corporation in the eyes of English law. The will of the sovereign authority which created it can also destroy it. English law will equally recognise the one, as the other, fact.\n\nCh.D. 225.\n\nMr. Sheldon on this point has referred to two cases: In re Commercial Bank of South Australia (1886) 33 Ch.D. 174 and In re Matheson Brothers Ltd. (1884) 27. These cases, tried while the Companies Act 1862 was still in force, decide only that the English Courts have jurisdiction to wind up a branch in England of a foreign company despite the pendency of foreign liquidation. In the latter case, Kay J. says: \"What is the effect of the winding up order which it is said has been made in New Zealand? This court, upon principles of international comity, would no doubt have great regard to that winding up order and would be influenced thereby, but the question of jurisdiction is a different question, and the mere existence of a winding up order made by a foreign court does not take away the right of the courts of this country to make a winding up order here, though it would no doubt exercise an influence upon this court in making the order.\" Intermediate Stage\n\nHere we have not a dissolution as in the two cases to which Mr. Potter has referred me, but an intermediate stage, an order for compulsory winding up.\n\nI do not think that that radically alters the position. The Company in China is in process of dissolution, and the circumstances are such that in my judgment this court ought to make an order for the winding up of the local branch of the Company.\n\nThe second and third of Mr. Potter's grounds necessarily involve a consideration of the present relations between China and Japan.\n\nIn July 1937, hostilities between these two countries broke out, and at this date are still raging.\n\nAs a result of these hostilities, the Japanese are in effective occupation of Chefoo and the adjacent country, and of all the maritime coast of the Republic of China. The effect of Proclamations of the Imperial Japanese Government published in August and September 1937 is that it is impossible for ships under the Chinese flag to trade in Chinese waters without being subject to immediate seizure by the naval forces of Japan.\n\nThe question whether in these circumstances a state of war exists between China and Japan has been raised by Mr. Sheldon on behalf of those who oppose the petition. The various affidavits filed on behalf of the parties to this action are reasonably explicit on this question. The affidavit of Jun-ke Choy filed March 29 in support of the petition refers in paragraph 7 to \"the outbreak of hostilities between China and Japan\"; his later affidavit of April 3 refers in paragraph 17 to \"the blockade of Japanese naval forces exercised against all Chinese vessels\"; and Mr. Matsumoto in his affidavit of May 16 in opposition to the application likewise refers in paragraph 9 to \"the outbreak of hostilities between China and Japan.\"\n\nRecent Cases\n\nThese considered statements on affidavit are entitled to, and must receive due weight, but fortunately for me sitting as a court of first instance, the matter is concluded by two recent judgments.\n\nIn the local case of Ford v. Steinman and others, which is unreported, the Full Court of this Colony in judgments delivered early in December 1937 held that such a state of war existed as to justify sailors on peace-time articles from refusing to serve on a voyage into the coastal waters of China or Japan.\n\nMore recently, the Court of Appeal in England have considered the same question in the case of Kawasaki Kisen Kabushiki Kaisha of Kobe v. Hantham S.S. Co. (1939) I.A.E.A. 819, where Sir Wilfred Greene M.R., in upholding the decision of the arbitrator who found that the owners were justified in cancelling a charter party which contained the clause \"Charterers and owners to have the liberty of cancelling this charter party if war breaks out involving Japan,\" spoke of his happiness to be able to avoid coming to a conclusion which would violate all his feelings of common sense.\n\nMr. Sheldon has been driven to argue that the judgment in each of these cases has relation only to the facts of the particular case. That is true, but the point at issue in each of these cases was just the one which I have to decide, and these judgments apply to the facts of the case now before me as cogently as they do to the facts of the cases in which they were delivered.\n\nCommon Sense\n\nSir Wilfred Greene's recourse to the touchstone of common sense fortifies me in my conclusion, not only on the authorities which I have cited but also on my inescapable knowledge of conditions on the China coast, that a state of war exists between China and Japan, and has existed at all times material to this application.\n\nIn January 1939, the local office of the Company was closed and its Chinese employees departed from the Colony. On February 1, 1939, the Dairen Kisen Kabushiki Kaisha purported to act as agents of the Company in this Colony.\n\nIn these circumstances, can it be said that the Company is still carrying on business in the Colony?\n\nMr. T. F. Lo, a well-qualified and acknowledged expert in Chinese law, has filed a lengthy affidavit setting out in the clearest terms the common law and statutory provisions governing trading with an enemy of the Chinese Republic.\n\nNo counter-affidavits have been filed, and I therefore accept Mr. Lo's statements as an accurate opinion on the legal principles applicable to this case. According to Chinese law, the action of the Company in chartering ships to Japanese interests and in appointing Japanese agents is illegal and criminal, and all such contracts are not only void but illegal.\n\nCan it then be said that the Company is carrying on business in the Colony when its ostensible agents purport to act under a contract which is illegal by the law of China, which is clearly the proper law?\n\nThe answer must be no.\n\nThe parent company in China is in process of compulsory winding up, and the local branch is without lawful representation in the Colony. What then is the position of this Court?\n\nPage 67\n\nTo be cont'd.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566820, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 68, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST\n\n27th July, 1939.\n\n68\n\nCannot be Enforced\n\nMr. Cheshire in his recent work on Private International Law, p. 197 writes \"It is axiomatic that Law cannot enforce a contract that is illegal by its proper law in England. The dearth of authority for this proposition is not surprising, for few would be bold enough to sue on a contract that is prohibited by the legal system to which it properly belongs.\"\n\nIn The Torni (1932) p. 78 at 88 Greer L.J. in considering the judgments in the Court of Appeal in In re Missouri Steamship Co. (Ch. D. 321) said: \"I regard the decision as meaning that if, in the country where the contract was made, the contract was illegal—not merely void and unenforceable but illegal—then the courts in this country would recognise the illegality and act in accordance with the law of the country where the contract was made.\"\n\nMr. Cheshire puts it thus: \"It has been suggested that a contract which is illegal by the law of the country where it is made cannot be enforced in England.\n\n\"Bold and sweeping statements of this nature are seldom tenable in Private International Law. This particular one, at any rate, derives little confirmation from the decisions usually cited in its favour, since they were concerned with cases in which the lex loci contractus was also the proper law. The casual place of completion cannot as a rule raise legal effects.\n\n\"It is academic and impracticable to suggest that a contract must be regarded as a nullity everywhere merely because it happens to have been made in a country by the law of which it is illegal. But what is true is that if that country is something more than the 'locus contractus,' if, for instance, one of the parties is resident there, or if the subject matter of a contract of sale is situated there, then, even though the law of that country is not the proper law, nevertheless any imperative provision by which it prohibits and illegalises the contract will be recognised by the English Courts.\"\n\nThree Arguments\n\nMr. Sheldon has submitted three interesting arguments in opposition to the making of the order prayed.\n\nFirstly, he contends, the fact that the local branch of the Company is precluded by existing circumstances from carrying on business in the Colony is not in itself a ground for making a winding-up order, and he relies on the case of In re Middlesborough Assembly Rooms Co. (1879) 14 Ch.D. 104.\n\nIn that case, a company formed for building and letting assembly rooms resolved, owing to trade depression, to suspend work for more than a year. A shareholder presented a petition for winding-up. He was supported by one-eighth in value of the shareholders, whereas the petition was opposed by four-fifths in value.\n\nIn these circumstances, the Court of Appeal held that a winding-up order ought not to be made.\n\nSecondly, he argues, the Supreme Court of China has made an order which is entirely nugatory. The only assets within the jurisdiction of that court are fourteen ships based on Chefoo or Dairen, and, notwithstanding the order of the court, these ships are still trading. This court will not make a useless or ineffective decree (Ferguson vs. Wilson L.R. 2 Chancery Appeals p.77).\n\nTwo Fallacies\n\nThat argument is based on two fallacies.\n\nIn the first place, the company has within the jurisdiction of this court substantial assets, and it has not been suggested that any order which I make will not be immediately effective so far as these assets are concerned.\n\nIn the second place, the fact that certain foreign nationals are in contempt of an order of a competent court is no reason why I should disregard that order or fail to treat it with proper respect. The case of de Jager vs. A.G. for Natal (1907) Appeal Cases 326 is direct authority for the proposition that the company in Chefoo is still subject to the jurisdiction of the Chinese courts.\n\nAs Lord Loreburn there said in delivering the judgment of the Judicial Committee: \"The protection of a State does not cease merely because the State forces, for strategical or other reasons, are temporarily withdrawn, so that the enemy for the time exercises the rights of an army in occupation. On the contrary, when such territory reverts to the control of its rightful sovereign, wrongs done during the foreign occupation are cognisable by the ordinary courts.\"\n\nIn the third place, he maintains the contributories are the best judges as to whether there is any danger to the local assets of the company. Their considered view is shown by the fact that whereas the petition is presented by contributories holding 1,500 shares, it is opposed by 50,000 in value, and it is a familiar and settled principle that a court will not interfere with a domestic forum.\n\nIt is perhaps not surprising that the majority of the contributories resident either in the province of Shantung, which is in Japanese occupation, or in Dairen in Manchukuo, should desire to trade with the enemy. It may, for aught I know, be a profitable undertaking: it is in any event more profitable than having the company's ships laid up in harbour or forcibly seized by the Japanese forces.\n\nHigh Treason\n\nIt is clear, however, from Mr. T. F. Lo's affidavit that these activities of the company are, by Chinese law, illegal, in fact treasonable, and I have not been referred to any authority for the proposition that, in order to meet the wishes of a majority of shareholders, I should connive at and, in fact, facilitate high treason by subjects of a friendly power.\n\nMr. D'Almada, who followed Mr. Sheldon, has advanced another argument. Assuming every argument put forward by Mr. Potter, Mr. D'Almada submits that the true remedy is not a winding-up order but an injunction to restrain the local branch from doing illegal acts.\n\nIn my opinion, that case is easily distinguishable. It was a petition for the winding-up of an English Company, whereas here I have to consider a petition for the winding-up of the local branch of a foreign company which has already been wound up by order of a competent court. I know of no authority for keeping alive a branch where the parent trunk is in process of dissolution.\n\nIt seems to me to disregard two facts, firstly, that the company has been wound up in China and that we are concerned here only with a branch, and, secondly, that, having no representatives here except a Japanese corporation whose contract of agency is illegal by the laws of China, there is no one on whom an injunction could be served.\n\nHaving come to the conclusion which I have already reached on Mr. Potter's first ground, it is not strictly necessary for me to state my views on the second and third grounds, but in case, on appeal, the Full Court holds that the first ground falls, it will obviate the necessity for a rehearing de novo if I record that, in my judgment, the petition is one which should be granted on all the three grounds advanced.\n\nThere will be an order for the winding-up of the branch of the company within the jurisdiction of this Court. There will be liberty to appeal, and the costs of the petitioners will be paid from the local assets of the company.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566826, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 74, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "68\n\nTHE HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS &\n\n(29) 74\n\nJuly 14, 1939\n\nPETITION FOR WINDING UP OF CHING KEE STEAM NAVIGATION CO.\n\nOrder Already Made By Court In Chungking\n\nJuly 4.\n\nA PETITION FOR THE WINDING UP OF THE CHING KEE STEAM NAVIGATION CO., LTD. was successfully brought in the Supreme Court yesterday by Shiang Kee, otherwise known as the China Merchants Steam Navigation Co., Ltd.\n\nThe grounds for the winding up, as submitted, were that a winding up order in respect of the company had been made by a court of competent jurisdiction in Chungking; that as a consequence, the corporate powers of the company had been destroyed in the country of origin, and that it was just and equitable that the Hongkong branch should be wound up as it could no longer carry on its lawful business.\n\nThe petition was heard by the Chief Justice, Sir Atholl Mac-Gregor.\n\nPetitioners were represented by Mr. Eldon Potter, K.C. and Mr. H. C. Strellett, while Mr. H. G. Sheldon, K.C. and the Hon. Mr. Leo D'Almada e Castro, Jnr., instructed by Mr. H. J. Armstrong, appeared for parties opposing the winding up.\n\nMr. Potter produced an affidavit made by Mr. Bunzaburo Matsumoto, counsel of the Marine Court of Dairen, in which it was stated that the Dairen Kisen Kaisha had been appointed as agents of the Ching Kee by attorneys for Japanese and other shareholders.\n\nMr. Potter said it was illegal for a Chinese company to appoint a Japanese company to be its agents when a state of war existed between the two countries.\n\nAt the beginning of February, the Dairen Kisen Kaisha, a Japanese company with a branch in Hongkong, claimed to have received authority from the company to take possession of and operate the six ships, and applied to the Harbour Master for clearances in respect of two vessels.\n\nThe clearances were, however, stopped as the result of certain proceedings before the Court.\n\nMr. Potter said that in view of the Sino-Japanese hostilities, for the Company to carry on business would either involve breach of the laws of China with regard to trading with an enemy or result in the seizure of its ships by hostile forces.\n\nThe District Court of Chungking on February 21 ordered that the Company be wound up and that Messrs. Jun-ke Choy, Ting Z. Chang and Yuen-wu Wong be appointed liquidators.\n\nMr. Potter cited many authorities in support of his arguments.\n\nHe added that a shareholder had every right to restrain the company from doing vires act though every shareholder but himself acquiesced in it.\n\nWhere it was of fundamental importance, the shareholder was entitled to have it wound up.\n\nPRACTICALLY CEASED\n\nSince the outbreak of hostilities between China and Japan in 1937, the business of the Company in the Colony had practically ceased.\n\nMr. Potter said that the fact that the company had ceased to carry on business was answered by the affidavit of Mr. Matsumoto where it said that the suspension of business in Hongkong was only temporary.\n\nHe submitted that this could not be sufficient ground for winding up.\n\nSince January this year the officers of the Company, formerly in charge of the business here, had ceased to control the affairs of the office and had, in fact, returned to North China.\n\n14 SHIPS TRADING\n\nOn the point that the hostilities prevented the Company from (Continued on page 69)\n\nPage 68\n\n...\n\nPage 69", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566832, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 80, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "Aide-Mémoire\n\nSix vessels of the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company, Limited, namely, the \"Shenglee\", the \"Maolee\", the \"Fenglee\", the \"Englee\", the \"Hsinlee\" and the \"Anlee\", which were in South China at the time of the outbreak in 1937 of the present trouble, were ordered by the Chinese authorities to proceed to Hongkong, and they have since been moored in that port.\n\nAs these vessels were under charter to the Dairen Kisen Kabusiki Kaisya, the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company early this year decided to take them away, and, preparations having been completed in respect of the two vessels, the \"Anlee\" and the \"Maolee\", the Company applied on February 10th to the Hongkong Harbour Office for clearance permits. The application, however, was rejected on the ground that legal steps might be taken for the provisional attachment of the vessels.\n\nSubsequent to this, it came to the knowledge of the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company that, on the day when the application for clearance permits was filed, the representative of the China Merchants Steam Navigation Company, Limited, which holds shares in the capital of the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company, applied to the Court of Justice of Hongkong for an injunction to restrain the vessels from leaving the port, and as the result an interlocutory injunction was granted on the following day, and on February 17th a perpetual injunction was granted.\n\nIt was also learned that on February 21st the Court of Justice of Chungking, upon complaint by the China Merchants Steam Navigation Company, gave judgement ordering the liquidation of the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company on the charge of having disturbed the public peace by attempting...\n\nPage 80\n\nPage 81", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566833, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 81, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "2\n\n81\n\nattempting to transfer its vessels to an \"enemy country\".\n\nOn March 29th persons professing to be the liquidators of the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company appointed in virtue of the above-mentioned judgement of the Chungking Court applied to the Supreme Court of Hongkong for the liquidation of the Company under the laws of Hongkong and for the disposal of its assets existing in that port. Consequently a hearing of the case is to be held on May 17th.\n\nThe Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company is engaged in coasting trade in North and Central China, and has a paid-up capital of 5,000,000 yuan divided into a hundred thousand shares, of which only 1,500 shares are owned by the China Merchants Steam Navigation Company. Some 80 percent of the shares of the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company are owned by persons residing in Kwangtung and Manchoukuo and the greater part of the remainder by persons residing in North China, while its president resides in Dairen, which is the centre of its business activities. Since the time of the Russo-Japanese war the Company has been in close connection with Japanese interests, and 19 vessels out of its whole fleet of 22 vessels, including the six now moored at Hongkong, are chartered by Japanese.\n\nConsequently the proceedings at the Supreme Court of Hongkong on May 17th are a matter of concern to Japan. It is much open to doubt whether an organ of the Chungking Government which has now retreated to the remote interior of China has any authority to adjudicate on the affairs of the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company, which carries on business mainly within the territories of the new Régimes of North and Central China, and of which by far...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566855, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 103, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "Downing Street,\n\nMay, 1939.\n\n103\n\nSir,\n\nI have etc. to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 178 of the 11th March, regarding the application made by the Dairen Kisen Kaisha for the clearance of certain vessels from Hong Kong.\n\n2. In the opinion of His Majesty's Government, the authorities in Hong Kong have already done all that can reasonably be expected of them in the matter of making it difficult for these ships to leave Hong Kong waters, and they are advised that it would not be possible, on so to speak \"public\" grounds, to request the authorities in Hong Kong\n\n...\n\nPage 103\n\nDRAFT.\n\nHONG KONG,\n\nNO.\n\nGOVERNOR.\n\n165.\n\n127\n\nFURTHER ACTION.\n\nCopy\n\n17\n\nBIT.\n\n18\n\n21-w\n\n14m. GOVE\n\n53838/11/39.\n\nHong Kong,\n\n17/5\n\n16\n\nC. O.\n\nMr. Bickle\n\n.5.39.\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\nMr. A. J. Dawe.\n\nSir H. Moore.\n\nSir G. Tomlinson.\n\nSir J. Shuckburgh.\n\nPermt. U.S. of S.\n\nParly. U.S. of S.\n\nSecretary of State.\n\nL\n\nR\n\n(*3600-150)\n\n2643-150) Wt. 16318-94 15,000 7/38 T.S. 695 Wt. 38746-16 20,000 1/39 TS. 695", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566858, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 106, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "No. 178.\n\n21 MAR 1939\n\n12 106\n\nGOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONG KONG.\n\n11th March, 1939.\n\nI\n\nSir,\n\nI have the honour to refer to my despatch No.117 of 22nd February, 1939, regarding an application from the Dairen Kisen Kaisha for clearance of certain vessels from Hong Kong and to forward for your information copies of further communications from the Chinese Government and from the local solicitors acting on their behalf requesting that this Government should take active steps to prevent the removal of these vessels from Hong Kong waters.\n\n2.\n\nI am informed by my legal advisers that in the absence of any direct evidence that the master intends to remove one of these vessels it is unlikely that the Court will implement its present order by ordering the removal of any part of the machinery of the ship in question and that in any event such implementation would only be on the application of a party to the civil proceedings and not on an application of this Government.\n\n3.\n\nI am further advised that the only course open to the Hong Kong Police is to keep a careful watch\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE MALCOLM MACDONALD, M.P., &C., &C., &C.\n\nCopy To Fo\n\n13\n\nBIT. 14.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566872, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 120, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "Lamping E.O. No. 117.\n\nSir,\n\nMOR 53838/1/39 120\n\nGOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONG KONG.\n\n22nd February, 1939.\n\nI have the honour to enclose for your information a copy of a letter (with enclosures) addressed to the British Ambassador, Tokyo, regarding certain events which have recently occurred in connection with an application by the Dairen Kisen Kaisha for clearance of two vessels from Hong Kong.\n\nI have the honour to be, Sir, Your most obedient, humble servant,\n\n1. Andbethch Governor.\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE MALCOLM MACDONALD, M.P., &C., &C., &c.\n\nPage 120\nPage 121", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566874, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 122, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "On Sunday, February 5th, 1939, application was made at the Clearance Office, Harbour Department, for clearance for the following ships:-\n\nS.S. \"Hsin Lee\"\n\nS.S. \"Eng Lee\"\n\nS.S. \"Mao Lee\"\n\nS.S. \"An Lee\".\n\nThe Clearance Clerk in charge, observing that the papers of these ships were not in order, immediately reported the matter to the Deputy Harbour Master, who was in the office. The Deputy Harbour Master gave instructions that, as the papers were not in order (Load Line Certificates having become invalid and wireless licences not being forthcoming) clearance was to be refused.\n\nOn Monday, February 6th, the manager of the Dairen Kisen Kaisha came to the Harbour Office and interviewed the Deputy Harbour Master on the subject of the clearances being refused to these ships. He confirmed a letter dated February 1st stating that his company had been appointed agents for these ships and requested to be informed why clearance had been refused.\n\nThe Deputy Harbour Master brought the manager of the Dairen Kisen Kaisha in to see the Harbour Master, who explained that, as the ships had not been at sea since before the typhoon in 1937 and as two had suffered damage in that typhoon and two had ceased to be \"classified ships\", they could not be considered as seaworthy craft and that the question of clearance could not be considered until Certificates of Seaworthiness for these ships had been produced. It was further pointed out that wireless Certificates for two of these ships would be required in order to make the ships' papers complete.\n\nKnowing that there had been former correspondence on the subject of these vessels, the Harbour Master immediately referred the whole matter to Government and asked for instructions.\n\nOn Friday, February 10th at about 11 a.m., the representative of the Dairen Kisen Kaisha arrived", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566876, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 124, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "CHING KEE S. N. COMPANY, LIMITED.\n\nThe Hon. Harbour Master,\n\nPresent.\n\nDear Sir,\n\n124\n\nHong Kong, February 1st 1939.\n\ns.s. An Lee s.s. Hsin Lee s.s. Eng Lee\n\ns.s. Mao Lee s.s. Feng Lee s.s. Sheng Lee\n\nUnder instructions from our Head Office, the Agency of the above-named six vessels belonging to this company has this day been transferred to Messrs. Dairen Kisen Kaisha, of King's Building, Top Floor, Connaught Road Central, who will undertake to pay the outstanding dues and accounts due to the Harbour Department and hereafter will transact all business relating to the said six vessels.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nCHING KEE S. N. CO. LTD.\n\n(sa.) C. K. Yen\n\nManager.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 566877, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "page_number": 125, "title": "CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939", "content_text": "125\n\nDAIREN KISEN KAISHA\n\n(Hong Kong Branch).\n\nKing's Building, 4th floor,\n\nHong Kong, February 6th, 1939.\n\nThe Hon. Harbour Master,\n\nPresent.\n\nDear Sir,\n\ns.s. \"Hsin Lee\"\n\nS.S. \"An Lee\"\n\ns.s. \"Mao Lee\" s.s. \"Eng Lee\".\n\nAccording to instructions from the Mercantile Marine Office, we beg to inform you that the above-named vessels are all properly and efficiently officered and manned, as all the Officers are certificated for competency.\n\nAll the crews for the said vessels have been recruited and sent from Dairen by the owners.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nDAIREN KISEN KAISHA,\n\n(Sd.) H. Masukawa,\n\nManager.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-579-3 Sino-Japanese War- shipping 30-10-1938 - 23-12-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 569367, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-583-21 Immigration and Passports Amendment Ordinance 1940 14-2-1940 - 4-7-1940", "page_number": 16, "title": "CO129-583-21 Immigration and Passports Amendment Ordinance 1940 14-2-1940 - 4-7-1940", "content_text": "Enclosure No.2.\n\n16\n\nEND\n\nLIST OF AUTHORITIES TO WHOM THE MEMORANDUM\n\nHAS BEEN DISTRIBUTED DIRECT\n\n H.M. Ambassador, Shanghai6 copies\n H.M. Ambassador, Tokyo2 copies\n H.M. Consul-General, Canton1 copy\n Shanghai11\n Chungking11\n Kumming \n Tientsin19\n Harbin11\n Manila11\n Saigon1 copy\n H.M. Consul, Amoy#1\n Foochow \n Swatow \n Macau \n Dairen11\n Kobe11\n Tamsui \n Vice-Consul, Haiphong#1\n Passport Control Officer, Shanghai \n Yunnanfu#1\n Tokyo \n H.M. Consul-General, Bangkok11\n\nUpon reviewing the original task, I realized that the output should be in HTML format using `` for paragraphs. However, to better represent the content, which is clearly tabular, I've used `\n\n` for the list. Here's the revised response directly in HTML as requested:\n\nEnclosure No.2.\n\n16\n\nEND\n\nLIST OF AUTHORITIES TO WHOM THE MEMORANDUM\nHAS BEEN DISTRIBUTED DIRECT\n\n H.M. Ambassador, Shanghai6 copies\n H.M. Ambassador, Tokyo2 copies\n H.M. Consul-General, Canton1 copy\n Shanghai11\n Chungking11\n Kumming \n Tientsin19\n Harbin11\n Manila11\n Saigon1 copy\n H.M. Consul, Amoy#1\n Foochow \n Swatow \n Macau \n Dairen11\n Kobe11\n Tamsui \n Vice-Consul, Haiphong#1\n Passport Control Officer, Shanghai \n Yunnanfu#1\n Tokyo \n H.M. Consul-General, Bangkok11", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-583-21 Immigration and Passports Amendment Ordinance 1940 14-2-1940 - 4-7-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570699, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "page_number": 27, "title": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "content_text": "# No. 48\n\n27\n\n25th March, 1940.\n\nin 27 mm /39\n\nYour Excellency,\n\nI have the honour to protest to Your Excellency with regard to the case in which six vessels belonging to the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company Limited have been detained in Hongkong and judgment for the dissolution of this Company has been handed down by the Supreme Court of Hongkong.\n\nIn spite of the fact that, in reply to a letter addressed by Mr. Kurihara, Director of the East Asia Bureau, to Mr. Dodds, Counsellor of the British Embassy, on the 13th May last in which the former expressed his views concerning this case, Mr. Dodds gave an assurance on the 19th May that the contentions of the Japanese interests concerned would receive careful consideration, the Supreme Court of Hongkong passed judgment in disregard of the just contentions of the Ching Kee Company and of the Japanese interests concerned on the 3rd July. Mr. Kurihara accordingly called the attention of Mr. Dodds to the case once more and the Ching Kee Company took proceedings to appeal. I deeply regret to learn that, this notwithstanding, the Supreme Court of Hongkong rejected the appeal on the 5th January last.\n\nYour Excellency must be fully aware from Mr. Kurihara's letter mentioned above that the Japanese side are greatly interested in this case and the action of the Supreme Court of Hongkong in unreasonably ordering the dissolution of a company engaged in its normal and peaceful avocations within the Japanese occupied area and proceeding arbitrarily to dispose of its assets on the basis of the verdict of the Chungking Courts which have actually withdrawn into the interior and which can exercise no authority whatever in the occupied areas, must be described as an unwarrantable procedure which does not conform with the actual situation. This procedure can only be said to be at variance with the declaration of the British Government of the 24th July last which fully recognised the actual situation in China in which large-scale military operations are in progress. Moreover, sixty-five per cent of the shares of this company are owned by residents in the Kwantung Leased Territory and Manchukuo and the Dairen Steamship Company have chartered the ships which have been detained. If such procedure as is described above were to be admitted, not only would the rights of the Japanese interests concerned be infringed thereby, but the livelihood of the Chinese population in the Japanese occupied areas would be threatened. This could only be regarded as action in support of Chiang, which the British Government have denied on several occasions and I consider that it will accordingly have an undesirable effect upon Anglo-Japanese relations.\n\nI accordingly protest vigorously against the action of the Supreme Court of Hongkong and demand the immediate release of the six vessels in question.\n\nHis Excellency\n\nSir Robert Craigie, K.C.M.G., C.B.,\n\nHis Britannic Majesty's Ambassador.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570702, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "page_number": 30, "title": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "content_text": "30\n\nDAIREN KISEN KAISHA\n\nIN THE SUPREME COURT OF HONGKONG\n\nCOMPANIES WINDING UP NO. 1 OF 1939.\n\nIN THE MATTER OF THE COMPANIES ORDINANCE 1932\n\nAND\n\nIN THE MATTER OF THE CHING KEE STEAM NAVIGATION CO. LTD.\n\nJUDGMENT\n\nThe Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company Limited, which hereafter in this judgment I shall refer to as \"the company\" was duly incorporated and registered as a company with limited liability under the laws of the Republic of China on 1st April, 1920. The head office of the company has at all material times been in Chefoo in Shantung Province of North China. The business of the company is and throughout has been that of shipowners, carriers by sea, and other business in connection with shipping. Since the year 1920 the company has had a branch office in Hongkong. The company is an unregistered company so far as the laws of this Colony are concerned, and the jurisdiction invoked in this application is that conferred on this Court by Section 313 of the Companies Ordinance 1932, the material provisions of which are:\n\n313 (1) (b) The circumstances in which an unregistered company may be wound up are as follows:-\n\n(1) If the company is dissolved, or has ceased to carry on business, or is carrying on business only for the purpose of winding up its affairs;\n\n(iii) If the Court is of opinion that it is just and equitable that the company should be wound up.\n\n313 (2) Where a company incorporated outside the Colony which has been carrying on business in the Colony ceases to carry on business in the Colony, it may be wound up as an unregistered company under this part of the Ordinance notwithstanding that it has been dissolved or otherwise ceased to exist as a company under or by virtue of the laws of the country under which it was incorporated.\n\nThe Facts, so far as they are material to this application, can be summarised quite briefly. The company owns and operates twenty steamships. Eleven of these vessels are chartered to Japanese interests, three are engaged in ordinary shipping business, and the other six have since August 1937 been lying in the waters of the Colony. The only local activity of the company during that period has been that one of the vessels was from November 1938 to 25th February 1939 chartered for use as storage hulk.\n\nThe Dairen Kisen Kabushiki Kaisha, a corporation established under the laws of Japan was appointed to act as agents of the company in 1939, and the local representatives of that corporation purported to assume duty as agents of the company in Hongkong as from 1st February 1939.\n\nThe District Court of Chungking, having been duly authorised in that behalf by an order of the Supreme Court of China, in February 1939 ordered the immediate dissolution of the company\n\nand\n\nPage 31", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570705, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "page_number": 33, "title": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "content_text": "33\n\ncase of Kawasaki Kisen Kabushiki Kaisha of Kobe v. Mantham S.S.Co.,Ltd. (1939). 1. All England Reports 819 where Sir Wilfrid Greene M.R. in upholding the decision of the arbitrator who found that the owners were justified in cancelling a charter party which contained the clause \"Charterers and owners to have the liberty of cancelling this charter party if war breaks out involving Japan\" spoke of his happiness to be able to avoid coming to a conclusion which would violate all his feelings of common sense. Mr. Sheldon has been driven to argue that the judgment in each of these cases has relation only to the facts of the particular case. That is true, but the point at issue in each of these cases was just the one which I have to decide, and these judgments apply to the facts of the case now before me as cogently as they do to the facts of the cases in which they were delivered. Sir Wilfrid Greene's recourse to the touchstone of common sense fortifies me in my conclusion, not only on the authorities which I have cited but also on my inescapable knowledge of conditions on the China coast, that a state of war exists between China and Japan, and has existed at all times material to this application.\n\nIn January 1939 the local office of the company was closed and its Chinese employees departed from the Colony. On 1st February 1939 the Dairen Kisen Kabushiki Kaisha purported to act as agents of the company in this Colony.\n\nIn these circumstances can it be said that the company is still carrying on business in the Colony? Mr. T. F. Lo, a well qualified and acknowledged expert in Chinese law has filed a lengthy affidavit setting out in the clearest terms the common law and statutory provisions governing trading with the enemy of the Chinese Republic. No counter affidavits have been filed and I therefore accept Mr. Lo's statements as an accurate opinion on the legal principles applicable to this case.\n\nAccording to Chinese law the action of the company in chartering ships to Japanese interests and in appointing Japanese agents is illegal and criminal and all such contracts are not only void but illegal. Can it then be said that the company is carrying on business in the Colony when its ostensible agents purport to act under a contract which is illegal by the law of China which is clearly the proper law? The answer must be no. The parent company in China is in process of compulsory winding up and the local branch is without lawful representation in the Colony. What then is the position of this Court? Mr. Cheshire in his recent work on Private International Law at p. 197 writes \"It is axiomatic that a contract that is illegal by its proper law cannot be enforced in England. The dearth of authority for this proposition is not surprising, for few would be bold enough to sue on a contract that is prohibited by the legal system to which it properly belongs\". In the Torni (1932) p. 78 at 88 Greer L.J. in considering the judgments in the Court of Appeal in In re Missouri Steamship Co. (42 Ch.D.321) said \"I regard the decision as meaning that if, in the country where the contract was made, the contract was illegal - not merely void and unenforceable but illegal then the Courts in this Country would recognise the illegality and act in accordance with the Law of the country where the contract was made\". Mr. Cheshire puts it thus: It has been suggested that a contract which is illegal by the law of the country where it is made cannot be enforced in England. Bold and sweeping statements of this nature are seldom tenable in Private International Law. This particular one, at any rate, derives little confirmation from the decisions usually cited in its favour, since they were concerned with cases in which the lex loci contractus was also the proper law. The casual place of completion cannot as a rule raise legal effects. It is academic and impracticable to suggest that a contract must be regarded as a nullity everywhere merely", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570706, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "page_number": 34, "title": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "content_text": "34\n\nmerely because it happens to have been made in a country by the law of which it is illegal. But what is true is that if that country is something more than the locus contractus, if for instance one of the parties is resident there, or if the subject matter of a contract of sale is situated there, 'then, even though the law of that country is not the proper law, nevertheless any imperative provision by which it prohibits and illegalises the contract will be recognised by the English Courts.'\n\nThe\n\nMr. Sheldon has submitted three interesting arguments in opposition to the making of the order prayed. Firstly, he contends, the fact that the local branch of the company is precluded by existing circumstances from carrying on business in the Colony is not itself a ground for making a winding-up order, and he relies on the case of In re Middlesborough Assembly Rooms Co (1879) 14 Ch.D.104. In that case a company formed for building and letting assembly rooms resolved, owing to trade depression, to suspend work, and did so suspend work for more than a year. A shareholder presented a petition for winding-up. He was supported by one-eighth in value of the shareholders whereas the petition was opposed by four-fifths in value. In these circumstances the Court of Appeal held that a winding-up order ought not to be made. In my opinion that case is easily distinguishable. It was a petition for the winding-up of an English Company whereas here I have to consider a petition for the winding-up of the local branch of a foreign company which has already been wound up by order of a competent Court. I know of no authority for keeping alive a branch where the parent trunk is in process of dissolution. Secondly, he argues, the Supreme Court of China has made an order which is entirely nugatory. Only assets within the jurisdiction of that Court are fourteen ships based on Chefoo or Dairen, and notwithstanding the order of the Court these ships are still trading. This Court will not make a useless or ineffective decree (Ferguson vs. Wilson L. R. 2 Chancery Appeals p.77) That argument is based on two fallacies. In the first place the company has within the jurisdiction of this Court substantial assets and it has not been suggested that any order which I make will not be immediately effective so far as these assets are concerned. In the second place the fact that certain foreign nationals are in contempt of an order or fail to treat it with proper respect. The case of De Jager vs. A.G. for Natal (1907) Appeal Cases 326 is direct authority for the proposition that the company in Chefoo is still subject to the jurisdiction of the Chinese Courts. As Lord Loreburn there said in delivering the judgment of the Judicial Committee 'The protection of a State does not cease merely because the State forces, for strategic or other reasons, are temporarily so that the enemy for the time exercises the rights of an army in occupation. On the contrary, when such territory reverts to the control of its rightful sovereign wrongs done during the foreign occupation are cognisable by the ordinary Courts'.\n\nwithdrawn,\n\nIn the third place, he maintains the contributories are the best judges as to whether there is any danger to the local assets of the company. Their considered view is shown by the fact that whereas the petition is presented by contributories holding 1500 shares it is opposed by 50,000 in value, and it is a familiar and settled principle that a court will not interfere with a domestic forum. It is perhaps not surprising that the majority of the contributories, resident either in the province of Shantung, which is in Japanese occupation or in Dairen in Manchukuo should desire to trade with the enemy. It may, for\n\n/aught", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570708, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "page_number": 36, "title": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "content_text": "34 FOS.\n\nM.K.P.\n\nsd.\n\nIN THE SUPREME COURT OF HONGKONG\n\nAPPELLATE JURISDICTION\n\nAPPEAL NO. 15 of 1939.\n\nThe Dairen Kisen Kaisha & Others.\n\nV.\n\nThe China Merchants Steam Navigation Company.\n\n(COPY)\n\nJUDGMENT.\n\nDEACONS,\n\nSolicitors,\n\nHONGKONG.\n\n36", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570709, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "page_number": 37, "title": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "content_text": "37\n\nIN THE SUPREME COURT OF HONGKONG\n\nAPPELLATE JURISDICTION\n\nAPPEAL NO. 15/39.\n\nBetween:\n\nThe Dairen Kisen Kaisha & Others Appellants\n\nand\n\nThe China Merchants Steam Navigation Company Respondents.\n\nJUDGMENT\n\nThis is an appeal against an order made by Sir Atholl MacGregor C. J. in these proceedings directing the winding up of the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company which is an unregistered Company within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance, 1932, but is incorporated under the laws of the Republic of China with headquarters at Chefoo in the province of Shantung and has (or had) a branch office in this Colony. The facts are fully set out in the judgment of the Court below and need not be recapitulated. The application for winding up was based on three grounds, on each and all of which the learned Chief Justice held that the petitioners (the present respondents) were entitled to succeed. Those grounds were:\n\n(i) That there had been a winding up order made by a Court of competent jurisdiction in the country in which the company was incorporated, and, as a result of that order, the corporate powers of the company had been destroyed in that country;\n\n(ii) that the company had in fact ceased to carry on business in the Colony;\n\n(iii) that it was just and equitable that the company should be wound up since its substratum had disappeared and as a shipping concern it was quite unable to carry on legitimate business.\n\nEach of these grounds has been assailed (as in the Court below) by Mr. Sheldon on behalf of the appellants but the spear-head of his attack has, with our permission, been now directed along a new line and has been aimed at the competency of the Chinese Court concerned to order the winding up of the company in China, not so much on account of that court's inability to enforce its order as because, the province of Shantung being occupied by the Japanese military forces, its jurisdiction no longer extends to that part of the country but has been ousted by the fact of such occupation.\n\nHe", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570715, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "page_number": 43, "title": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "content_text": "43\n\nB\n\nIN THE SUPREME COURT OF HONGKONG COMPANIES (WINDING UP) No. 1 of 1939.\n\nAppeal No. 15 of 1939.\n\nL\n\nIN THE MATTER of the Companies Ordinance, 1932.\n\nand\n\nIN THE MATTER of the Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company, Limited.\n\nJUDGMENT\n\nI agree with the judgment which has just been delivered by the learned Puisne Judge.\n\nThe Ching Kee Steam Navigation Company, Limited, is a company incorporated under the laws of the Republic of China and having its principal place of business at Chefoo in the Province of Shantung, now occupied by the Japanese forces.\n\nThe company is carrying on business in Chefoo, Dairen, An Tung, Tientsin, New Chwang, Tsingtao and Shanghai, and its ships fly the Chinese flag. But that they do so is little more than a fiction. The ships enjoy only a limited freedom. Their movements are controlled by Japanese agents.\n\nWith that state of affairs the majority of the shareholders, who are the appellants in this case, appear to concur. But there are fifteen hundred of them, the respondents in this case, who do not concur with the action of the majority, who wish to dissociate themselves from it and the other shareholders, and who to that end have petitioned in the Chinese courts for the dissolution of the company.\n\nThe jurisdiction of inferior courts in China is derived from section 2 of Article II of the Chinese Civil Code\n\n\"Regarding the proceedings against a private juristic person or other corporate bodies capable of being made parties in a suit, the court of the district where its principal office or principal place of business is shall be of competent jurisdiction.\"\n\nBut the court to which application would ordinarily have been made, namely the Chefoo District Court, was prevented from exercising its functions by the military occupation of Chefoo by the Japanese. A special court of first instance was appointed by an order of the Supreme Court of China, under Article XXIII of the Chinese Revised Code of Civil Procedure, by which\n\n\"... the court directly higher than the court whose jurisdiction is in question shall appoint, on the application of a party to the proceedings, a court of competent jurisdiction ... when a court of competent jurisdiction is, by reasons of law or fact, prevented from exercising its power of conducting a hearing.\"\n\nThe special court ordered the dissolution of the company and from that decision the appellants in this case appealed to the Supreme Court of China, which rejected the appeal.\n\nIt", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570721, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "page_number": 48, "title": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "content_text": "48\n\nIf it were otherwise, indeed, the company would automatically have ceased to exist as a company, except for the purposes of winding up, upon the military occupation of Shan Tung by the Japanese. Chinese law could not operate there to keep the company alive, for China would have no jurisdiction. Argument pursued to its logical conclusion would defeat its object, for the association of persons who were formerly bound together by a nexus of corporation would automatically cease to be so bound in Shan Tung, and the question that would then arise would be whether the association is not to be treated here as an association or partnership of natural persons whose relations inter se are to be found in the articles of association of the company and are to be ascertained no doubt with reference to the lex loci contractus, but which is nevertheless an association whose existence is not terminated by the death of the foreign corporation but continues for the purpose of winding up its affairs so far as this country has control over the persons and the assets within its jurisdiction.\n\n(per Lord Wrenbury, in Russian Commercial and Industrial Bank v. Comptoir d'Escompte de Mulhouse, (1925) A.C. at page 148)\n\nIts corporate powers, if not its corporate existence, would \"have been destroyed in its country of origin\" (per Maugham, J., in Russian Bank for Foreign Trade, (1933) 1 Ch. 745, at page 764).\n\nIt is further contended that it is not just and equitable that the company be wound up. It is sought to justify the act of the company in making a contract of agency, which is forbidden and penal by the law of China, on the ground that the place, not the country, where the company carries on business is now occupied by the Japanese. The authority under which it is said that the company has appointed the Dairen Kisen Kaisha its agents in relation to the assets of the company now in Hongkong is as follows:\n\n\"APPOINTMENT.\n\nI, the undersigned, do hereby appoint The Dairen Kisen Kaisha as agent with the following powers: -\n\nWith regard to the six steamers 'Sheng Lee', 'Mao Lee', 'An Lee', 'Eng Lee', 'Hain Lee', and 'Feng Lee' now lying in Hongkong, the agent's firm is to do all the affairs which are necessary.\n\nDated the 20th day of 1st month in the 14th year of Chiu Wo (20th January 1939).\n\nDairen, Kanbu-Dori, 39.\n\nChing Kee Steam Navigation Co., Ltd.\n\nSigned and Chopped:\n\nChang Pen Chin,\n\nPresident.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 570722, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "page_number": 49, "title": "CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940", "content_text": "49\n\nWe are not told what the terms of the arrangement between the company and the Dairen Kisen Kaisha are.\n\nArgument has proceeded on the assumption, not that the parties in coming to that arrangement intended any law other than the law of China to apply, but that, because the centre of administration of the company is now in Japanese hands, the company could therefore do as it liked regardless of Chinese law.\n\nThe only addition to the argument on this point which was not before the learned Chief Justice is that the principle enunciated by Lord Halsbury in In re Missouri Steamship Company, 42 Ch. D., at page 336, and approved in The Torni, (1932) P. 27, was not affected by the decision in Vita Food Products Incorporated v. Unus Shipping Company (1939) A.C. 227, where it was held that the omission to include in a bill of lading a statement required by an enactment of the Newfoundland legislature did not make the bill of lading illegal. One of the terms of the contract was \"This contract shall be governed by English law.\"\n\nThe question here is not whether the contract of agency is valid by the law of any particular place, but whether the making of such a contract by the directors is a proper exercise of their powers. The real object of the contract is not so much to enable the company to trade, for that it could do by itself were it not for the war, or by a neutral firm were it not for the same reason, but to put its ships and business in Hongkong in the hands of an enemy firm. The ships would still fly the Chinese flag but would have Japanese crews. The branch of the company in Hongkong would be controlled by Japanese and would be Chinese in name only.\n\nSuch a change in the conduct of the business, it is safe to say, was never contemplated by the constitution of the company. The purpose of the contract of agency is illegal by the law of China and could not have been one of the purposes for which the company was incorporated; it is a ground for dissolution of the company by the Chinese courts.\n\nThe respondents, it seems to me, are amply justified in asking that the Hongkong branch of the company be wound up, on the grounds of justice and equity. They have every reason for saying that the directors have exceeded their powers, and, in the conduct of the company's affairs, have forfeited the confidence of the respondents.\n\nIn this case we are faced as regards the dissolution of the company in China with no alternative law but the law of China and no alternative court but the courts of China. There is no problem here, as there was in The Bank of Ethiopia v. National Bank of Egypt and Liguori, L.R. (1937) Ch. D. 513, of a de facto government. A Chinese court duly appointed according to the law of China has ordered the dissolution of the company. The onus is on the appellants to show that that court had no jurisdiction. Their argument is based, firstly, on the military occupation of Chefoo, where the jurisdiction of the invader is limited to military necessity, and secondly, on the fact that the company for some purposes is deemed to have acquired an enemy character. They have failed to discharge that onus and failed altogether to show that a corporation cannot be dissolved at any time.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-585-3 Sino-Japanese conflict- shipping 17-1-1940 - 13-11-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 571367, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-586-5 Centenary of the occupation of Hong Kong 8-7-1940 - 26-1-1941", "page_number": 10, "title": "CO129-586-5 Centenary of the occupation of Hong Kong 8-7-1940 - 26-1-1941", "content_text": "# SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST-HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, CENTENARY SUPPLEMENT\n\n## HONGKONG & SHANGHAI BANKING THE STORY OF A CORPORATION\n\n**AUTHORISED CAPITAL** \n$50,000,000 \n**ISSUED AND FULLY PAID-UP** \n$20,000,000 \n**RESERVE FUNDS:** \n- **STERLING** £6,500,000\n- **HONGKONG CURRENCY RESERVE** $10,000,000\n- **RESERVE LIABILITY OF PROPRIETORS** $20,000,000\n\n**HEAD OFFICE:** HONGKONG.\n\n### Board of Directors:-\n- Hon. Mr. J. J. Paterson, Chairman,\n- C. C. Roberts, Esq., Deputy Chairman.\n- J. K. Bousfield, Esq.,\n- A. H. Compton, Esq.,\n- Hon. Mr. S. H. Dodwell,\n- L. J. Davies, Esq..\n- C. Miskin, Esq.,\n- K. S. Morrison, Esq.,\n- Hon. Mr. T. E. Pearce,\n- Hon. Mr. A. L. Shields.\n\n**Chief Manager:** \nSir Vandeleur M. Grayburn,\n\n### BRANCHES:\n| Location | \n|---------------|\n| AMOY |\n| BANGKOK |\n| BATAVIA |\n| BOMBAY |\n| CALCUTTA |\n| CANTON |\n| CHEFOO |\n| COLOMBO |\n| DAIREN |\n| FOOCHOW |\n| HAIPHONG |\n| HANKOW |\n| HARBIN |\n| ILOILO |\n| IPOH |\n| JOHORE |\n| KOBE |\n| KOWLOON |\n| KUALA LUMPUR |\n| LONDON |\n| LYONS |\n| MALACCA |\n| MANILA |\n| MUAR (JOHORE) |\n| MUKDEN |\n| NEW YORK |\n| PEIPING |\n| PENANG |\n| RANGOON |\n| SAIGON |\n| SAN FRANCISCO |\n| SHANGHAI |\n| SINGAPORE |\n| SOURABAYA |\n| SUNGEI PATANI |\n| SWATOW |\n| TIENTSIN |\n| TOKYO |\n| TSINGTAO |\n| YOKOHAMA |\n\nCURRENT ACCOUNTS opened in Local Currency and FIXED DEPOSITS received for One Year or shorter periods in Local and Other Currencies which will be quoted on application.\n\nSAFE DEPOSIT BOXES of various sizes To Let. TRUSTEE and EXECUTOR business undertaken.\n\n### HONGKONG SAVINGS BANK\n\nThe Business of the above Bank is conducted by the HONGKONG & SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION. Rules may be obtained on application.\n\nFor the HONGKONG & SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION, \nV. M. GRAYBURN, \nChief Manager.\n\nJANUARY 25, 1941.\n\n## CENTURY OF GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS From A Barren Rock To A Splendid City\n\nWe deal here with the factual history of Hongkong: the early administration, old buildings, business and social developments, growth of amenities, and extension of roadways and transport. With the increase of population, corresponding with the growth of the Colony, have come many changes, and the progress of invention has brought more amenities and better health, improved transport, and many new structures. It is when we read here of the conditions which the early communities faced, that we realise best how much the change has been in the past hundred years.\n\nSpace has not permitted the use of much material which could perhaps have embellished this article; and most of the fact and commentary is necessarily confined to the earlier period of Hongkong history. It should serve however to give the reader, who sees the more recent developments before him to-day, a clearer picture of the past, and perhaps a vision of the future.\n\n## FROM MANSION TO SLUM\n\nWhen the British Government took face of Hongkong, it had to overcome a formidable task of development. The chief residential areas of those early days are now completely obliterated under shop and slum property. (The leading merchants and officials in residence on the Peak had not then been thought of) had their homes in an area adjoining Wyndham Street, D'Aguilar Street, Wellington Street and Hollywood Road; while the development of the Wanchai district, where a large pier and a number of godowns were erected, led to many residences being erected there.\n\nIt is interesting nowadays to recall that Spring Garden Lane, sounding so picturesque, commemorates the existence in the forties of several houses with gardens, and a small stream fed by a spring at the back, flowing from the hillside where Kennedy Road is now situated. This later became one of the most unsavoury quarters of the city; and the Praya East reclamation of fifteen years ago entirely changed the seafront.\n\nFurther out towards Happy Valley, the firm of Jardine, Matheson and Company, pioneers of the old days, erected their spacious godowns and storehouses at East Point, and their taipan's house on the hill at the back of the hundred others forming partly a floating and partly a piratical section of the residential population. There were late Mr. Lee Hyson's development, though some years ago unrecognisable by mains. The Chinese population settled on the island in 1840 was probably not much more than the 5,000 estimated in one of the old chronicles, with a few hundred others. The villagers cultivated some of the hill rice, vegetables much as they do to-day, and especially was this observed at Wong-nei-chong, at the upper end of Happy Valley, at that time nearer the sea-front and connected with the sea by means of a creek the remnant of which is seen to-day in Bowrington Canal.\n\nThe godowns date back to the early days. A large community existed at Shaukiwan, and old hamlets stood at ... \n\nAnother ... in the ... to-day at ...\n\nFormer Clock Tower at the top of Pedder Street\n\n## The First Permanent Buildings Are Erected\n\nWith the advent of the Civil Service departments, it became necessary to erect permanent buildings for their accommodation, and these were soon commenced. It is obvious that the earliest forms of accommodation, for such departments or institutions as needed housing at the very commencement of the British occupation, were sheds, barracks; the earliest being easily and quickly constructed.\n\nIn 1866 a new Harbour Office was completed on the seafront, at the junction of Wing Lok Street and Bonham Strand, and was reconstructed in 1873-74. The present structure was completed in 1906.\n\nWith the development of shipping, lighthouses were constructed. Cape Collinson light was completed in 1876; Gap Rock lighthouse in 1892.\n\n## EARLY HOSPITALS\n\n...\n\nPage 10 \nPage 11", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-586-5 Centenary of the occupation of Hong Kong 8-7-1940 - 26-1-1941.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 576260, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-3 Entry of Chinese into Hong Kong 9-1-1941 - 7-11-1941", "page_number": 36, "title": "CO129-590-3 Entry of Chinese into Hong Kong 9-1-1941 - 7-11-1941", "content_text": "[EN CLAIR].\n\nDEPARTMENTAL NO. 1754064/48-\n\nThe Gentlemen,\n\nColonial Office, FROM SHANGHAI TO CONSULAR OFFICERS IN CHINA.\n\nColonial Office.\n\n8/98/\n\nF80.8/98/10\n\nSir A. Noble\n\nRE\n\nD\n\n11.55 18th May, 1941.\n\n(F.83)\n\nReceived 20th May, 1941.\n\n42\n\n16th May, 1941.\n\nC.O. REG. No. 11.\n\nCIRCULAR.\n\n27 AUG 1941\n\nNO.\n\nCopy sent to Hong Kong\n\nSingapore\n\nRECEIVED\n\nDairen No. 6,\n\n22 AUG 1941\n\nTokyo No. 127,\n\nC.O. REG.\n\nForeign Office No. 5\n\nWith the Compliments\n\nof the\n\nUnder Secretary of State\n\nfor Foreign Affairs\n\nAUG 1941\n\nPassport Control Officer, Shanghai.\n\nMy circular despatch No. 9 of 1941.\n\nThe Hong Kong Government have informed me that visa requirements have been altered and that Chinese nationals of Chinese race holding valid national Government passports do not require visas for Hong Kong but will be allowed to land in the Colony on production of their passports. Chinese without passports, however, must obtain entry permits or follow the procedure outlined in paragraph 3 of my Circular.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-3 Entry of Chinese into Hong Kong 9-1-1941 - 7-11-1941.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 576281, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-3 Entry of Chinese into Hong Kong 9-1-1941 - 7-11-1941", "page_number": 57, "title": "CO129-590-3 Entry of Chinese into Hong Kong 9-1-1941 - 7-11-1941", "content_text": "w/ Colonial offin\n\nCOPY\n\n(F3759/98/10)\n\nRef CO letter No. 54064/41 of 17 March.\n\nWith the Compliments of the\n\nUnder Secretary\n\nfor Foreign Affairs\n\n1941\n\nBRITISH EMBASSY,\n\nSHANGHAI.\n\n57\n\nCIRCULAR TO CONSULS No. 9 (10/32F/1941) of 29th January 1941. (Including Mukden and Harbin)\n\nCopies sent to:\n\nSingapore 4\n\nTokyo 37\n\nDairen 3\n\nForeign Office No. 53\n\nHongkong\n\nPassport Control Officer Shanghai.\n\nSir,\n\nRECE\n\n12 MAY 1941 C.C. REGE\n\nAs you are aware, the Hongkong authorities on the 15th January brought into force an Ordinance No. 32 of 1940 modifying the regulations governing entry into the Colony. Copies of the Ordinance are being sent direct to you by the Hongkong Authorities.\n\n2.\n\nI am advised that this ordinance does not alter the position as regards the issue of visas on passports of aliens or endorsements on those of British women and children travelling to or through Hongkong. The innovation lies in the requirement that Chinese who previously did not require any travel documents must now possess a valid passport duly visaed or must have an Entry Permit, Frontier Pass or certificate of Residence in Hongkong. Such documents will be issued only by the authorities in Hongkong. Supplies of forms for applications for entry permits et cetera will be made available on application to all shipping companies and to approved and reputable travel agencies together with instructions for their completion in so far as the forms are not self-explanatory. In case of a shortage at any time there is no objection to having copies printed privately and locally.\n\n3. A person arriving in Hongkong not in possession of a passport duly visaed or endorsed or of one of the above mentioned documents will, assuming that there is no positive objection to his entry (such as previous criminal record, political affiliations et cetera), be required to find security for his appearance at a later date at the Immigration office there to take out the document appropriate to his status; such security may take the form of either a cash deposit by the immigrant himself or of a similar security in cash or otherwise by another person in Hongkong. The amount of this security will vary according to the case, to the apparent desirability of the Passenger's presence in the Colony and his apparent means. It would only exceptionally exceed one hundred Hongkong dollars for a first class passenger or 25 Hongkong dollars for a deck passenger. A passenger unable to find the required security would be confined in the Depot until his case could be dealt with; he would then either be allowed in, with or without a time limit, or sent out of the Colony.\n\n4.\n\nA resident in Hongkong may make application for permission for an absentee friend, relative or employee to enter the Colony, whether such person is temporarily absent from Hongkong or has never been there. Rather longer notice will be required for such cases though special measures may be taken to deal with exceptional cases.\n\n5.\n\nAt first at least shipping companies will be required to remove at their own cost only such persons as are obviously undesirable, e.g. if they are suffering from loathsome diseases or are clearly professional beggars. Such cases will probably be confined to local traffic.\n\n6.\n\nUnder this ordinance the holder of a Chinese national passport is required to have either a valid visa or one of the special documents issued by His Majesty's Consul.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-3 Entry of Chinese into Hong Kong 9-1-1941 - 7-11-1941.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579577, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-6 Reports on current situation- including weekly intelligence reports 18-9-1945 - 20-12-1945", "page_number": 119, "title": "CO129-592-6 Reports on current situation- including weekly intelligence reports 18-9-1945 - 20-12-1945", "content_text": "119\n\nХ\n\nNOTE IL\n\nMiscellaneous Items.\n\n-\n\nGeneral Pan's finances. The Hong Kong Administration have settled this question temporarily by making occasional advances to General Pan; he has now had, I think $H.K.150,000 – against signed receipts. No arrangements have been made for any recoveries; nor has any rate of exchange been discussed. It would seem undesirable that this position should continue. My suggestion, which was generally endorsed by Brigadier MacDougall and in conversation with General S.K. Yi, was that settlement should be part and parcel of any general arrangement reached in respect of British repayments for our official expenditure. I told General Yi that a sum of $H.K.100,000 per month was out of the question and asked him to reduce demands to the real minimum.\n\nGeneral Pan's Mission. This large group, which includes no fewer than five generals, is a nuisance to the Hong Kong Administration in general and to General Festing in particular. They have little to do and merely create problems. On the British side the implications of the Chungking agreement are understood and the Chinese will get the Japanese equipment left in Hong Kong. Meanwhile a few Japanese ships are being got ready for service and will be used by the Administration for immediate needs.\n\nHong Kong facilities for Chinese troop movements. The arrangements to use Hong Kong as an embarkation point for Chinese troops proceeding up the coast have been well handled and General Ho is quite satisfied and asked me so to inform General Chen Cheng, to whom I have written (copy attached) enclosing a letter from General Ho. A first party of Chinese troops has arrived at Kowloon and one division will start embarking for Dairen as from to-morrow. American liaison officers with this group seem happy about the arrangements made.\n\nThe Return of Chinese to Hong Kong. Brigadier MacDougall will welcome Chinese business-men to return to Hong Kong, but suggests that they must find their own means of transportation, except in special cases. They do not wish indigents to return but cannot stop them and it is estimated that the exodus from Free China is now at the rate of about 1000 a day. I cleared a visit for Mr. Tsai, the Secretary-General of T.V. Soong's Bank of Canton, at H.C. Kiang's request and suggest that he may be given R.A.F. lift from Kunming; but Brigadier MacDougall must be warned beforehand of his arrival. I have informed H.C. Kiang who will send Tsai to see us when his passport etc., are in order. I think he might be given letters to Brigadier MacDougall and to the managers of the Hongkong and Shanghai and Chartered Banks.\n\nPiracy. There has been widespread piracy which has curtailed fishing and junk traffic. Anti-piracy patrols by the Navy and R.A.F. are now taking place and the fishing fleet goes out under naval protection. There is talk of a \"Q-junk\" operation to make an example and frighten pirates from the neighbourhood of Hong Kong.\n\nCommunist forces. There are still some Communist units in the New Territories. Contacts have agreed that they will evacuate northwards as soon as General Festing can take over the areas. There are not enough troops yet to close the frontier or to take over at present and the Commander-in-Chief has supported the General's request for one more brigade. General Chang Ch'un Fa-kwei has suggested from Canton that he will soon move up and close the frontier and all are agreed that it would be best to have the Communists out first. General Festing is off to Canton to meet General Chang on October 5th.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-6 Reports on current situation- including weekly intelligence reports 18-9-1945 - 20-12-1945.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 589767, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-609-5 Future policy- Press accounts of Chinese unrest over Kowloon evictions 19-1-1948 - 16-3-1948", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-609-5 Future policy- Press accounts of Chinese unrest over Kowloon evictions 19-1-1948 - 16-3-1948", "content_text": "appealed for much demonstration, the slogans used by the demonstrators were on very orthodox Communist Party lines. Dairen and Port Arthur were not mentioned, but on the other hand American imperialism was denounced equally with that of Britain.\n\nOn the whole, the Chinese public waited with some confidence to see what the London government would do. It is generally felt in China that British officials and residents in the Far East are greatly out of sympathy with the policy of the Labour Government. For instance, the Yi Shih Pao said on the 14th January, \"From what we see of the conduct of the Hongkong government, we are led to doubt not only whether it is aware of the existence of the Chinese government, but whether it is aware of the existence of the British government\". The time of the British note, therefore, came as a shock, particularly the part of it which defended the action of the Hongkong government. The Ho Ping Jih Pao on the 29th January said the note was a very bad example of a British diplomatic document, as on the one hand it acknowledged there was a question of jurisdiction awaiting discussion, while on the other it defended the aggressive action of the Hongkong government. Mr. Bevin's reference to the magistrate of Pao-an served to establish the latter as a national hero in Chinese eyes. The Cheng Yen Pao said it was a matter for self-congratulation that China had at least one good hsien magistrate.\n\nTibet.\n\nThe Ch'ien Hsien Jih Pao on the 30th January in a leading article to welcome the Tibetan trade mission said that Britain still had designs on Tibet and that \"very alarming things\" are going on behind the political scenes in that country. When we look at the outrage that happened at Kowloon we feel extreme concern about the future of Tibet. Co-operation between the Chinese government and the Tibetan people is necessary if we are to remove this alarming threat.\n\nAmerica.\n\nAs we have seen, American imperialism came in for abuse during the anti-British demonstrations. This fact was deplored by the press, which attributed it to Communist agitators. The Ta Kung Pao on the 27th January reflected Chinese liberal opinion when it expressed concern over the possible growth of a militaristic spirit in America and hoped America would not follow the footsteps of the Axis powers in a campaign against Communism.\n\nRussia.\n\nAs we have seen, Russia was exempted from criticism by the student demonstrators here. However, the government press, especially the Catholic Yi Shih Pao and the Cheng Yan Pao, strongly denounced Russian Imperialism in Dairen and Port Arthur.\n\nJapan.\n\nThe British attitude towards the Japanese Peace Treaty has caused resentment in China. On the 13th January the Ta Kung Pao carried a strong editorial condemning the view of the London \"Times\" that China was hampering MacArthur's plans. The Ta Kung Pao said that Britain, which has seven", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-609-5 Future policy- Press accounts of Chinese unrest over Kowloon evictions 19-1-1948 - 16-3-1948.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590957, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 11, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "Ory. on `96009/15/17` \n\nRef: `77/47` \n\nDate: \n\n**WEEKLY SUMMARY OF HONG KONG PRESS REPORTS AND COMMENTS** \nSeptember 14-20, 1947 \n\n1. \n## CHINA \n139 \n\nThe possibility of \"rapprochement\" between China and Russia was given prominence as a result of a statement on September 16th by Dr. Sun Fo. The Wah Kiu Yat Po of September 18th reported Dr. Sun Fo as having said that China might find it to her advantage to co-operate with Russia instead of America. Conditions of a \"rapprochement\" would be that Russia would exercise a restraining influence on the Chinese Communists and would return Dairen to Chinese Administration as well as implementing the treaty under which Port Arthur was to be under joint Chinese and Russian administration.\n\nThe Kung Sheung was critical of Sun Fo's statement and urged that China should be strictly impartial as between America and Russia.\n\nThe Sing Pao of September 19th reported that there was a rumour that the Soviet Ambassador was shortly to return to Nanking, and that this foreshadowed a change in the Sino-Russian relations.\n\nIt was reported in the Wah Kiu Yat Po of September 16th that the United States Military Mission had established itself in the offices of the Chinese Ministry of National Defence, with whom it is working in close liaison. The pro-Communist Hwa Shiang Pao bitterly attacked the Central Government for inviting foreign participation in the Ministry of National Defence, an action which it denounced as treasonable.\n\nIt was reported that Dr. T.V. Soong had given his private fortune to charity, and later in the week came a report that he was to be appointed Governor of Kwang Tung. The news of this appointment was generally welcomed. At the same time, according to the Kung Sheung Daily News, there was a rumour that Mr. O.K. Yui, Minister of Finance, was to be appointed to the Governorship of Kwang Tung.\n\nDiscussing the situation in Sinkiang, the Sing Tao Jih Pao of September 15th urged that the people of Ining, who have frequently been in revolt against the Central Government during the past three years, should be given a substantial degree of autonomy, whereby their co-operation with the Central Government would be secured.\n\n2. \n## HONG KONG \n\nAll local newspapers of September 17th (including the pro-Communist Hwa Shiang Pao) carried a report from Manila that a Chinese Communist Organisation had been discovered there, which was under the supervision of Russian Agents in Hong Kong.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590959, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 13, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "Ref: `77/47`\n\n38 13 \n\n`Drig on 96009/15/+7`\n\nTo:- \n\nDate :- 18th September, 1947 \n\n1. \n\n**WEEKLY SUMMARY OF HONG KONG PRESS REPORTS AND COMMENTS**\n\nSeptember 7-13, 1947 \n\n## CHINA \n\nAllegations of Russian aid to the Chinese Communists were prominent during the week under review. General Pai Tsung-Hsi, Minister of National Defence, was reported by the Wah Kiu Yat Po of September 7th as saying that the Russians were openly aiding the Chinese Communists and had transferred to them a great quantity of captured Japanese arms. The same paper on the following day spoke of the supply line through Shantung by which Russian supplies reached the Communists and which the Government forces were attempting to break. The Kung Sheung Daily News of September 12th carried the report that during the first half of the month seventeen ships \"of a certain nationality\" unloaded war supplies at Harbin for the Chinese Communists. The report added that the ships carried soya-beans and kaoliang on the return trip.\n\nThe Kung Sheung Daily News of September 8th urged that failing the immediate return of Port Arthur and Dairen to China the case should be referred to the United Nations.\n\nSinkiang again came into the news with a report in the Wah Kiu Yat Po of September 7th that the situation there was causing anxiety and that General Pai Tsung-Hsi, who is a Mohamedan, might be sent there in the capacity of Director of the Generalissimo's North Western Offices. The same paper on the following day remarked that a Separatist Movement in Sinkiang was being worked up by left-wing elements and further disturbances in this frontier province were feared.\n\nThe question of placing Chinese deposits in overseas banks at the disposal of the Chinese Government had again been raised, and the Hwa Shiang Pao expressed the hope that the \"four great families\" (i.e., the families of Chiang Kai-Shek, T.V. Soong, H.H. Kung and Chen Lih-Fu) would set an example. It stated that out of the total of U.S.$2,000,000,000 in Chinese deposits in the United States, U.S.$1,600,000,000 belong to ten depositors.\n\n## HONG KONG \n\nReporting the proposed visit of H.E. The Governor to Nanking next month, the Wah Kiu Yat Po of September 9th surmised that the fact that the Financial Secretary would be accompanying H.E. meant that the visit would be the occasion of important talks on the subject of the China-Hong Kong financial agreement. The New Life Evening Post of the following day claimed to have authoritative information that the reason for holding back the announcement of the details of this agreement was a request by Hong Kong for further concessions in respect of trade with South China. The Sing Pao of September 11th claimed to have learnt reliably that the detailed agreement would be signed by H.E. The Governor in Nanking.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590974, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 28, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "# HONG KONG GOVERNMENT\n## PUBLIC RELATIONS OFFICE\n\n**TELEPHONES:**\n| Office | Telephone |\n| --- | --- |\n| P.R.O. | 21738 |\n| ASSISTANT P.R.O. | 31636 |\n| GENERAL OFFICE | 23406 |\n\n**Orig.** `96009/15747`\n\nTo: \nDate: **24th July, 1947.**\n\n## OFFICES:\n6E, CLOUCESTER ARCADE \nRef: `PRO/1040/3`\n\n## WEEKLY SUMMARY OF HONG KONG PRESS REPORTS AND COMMENTS\nJuly 13 - 19, 1947.\n\n### CHINA\n\nThe chief topic of the week was the impending arrival of General Wedemeyer as Special Envoy to China, and there was much speculation as to the significance and probable outcome of the mission. The Wah Kiu Yat Po of July 14 seemed to hope that Wedemeyer would concentrate on the economic needs of China, whilst the Sing Tao Jih Pao thought that he would be chiefly concerned with the military situation vis-a-vis the Communists. The Kuomintang paper, National Times, enthusiastically welcomed the Wedemeyer mission as an indication that the American policy would now be the support of the Central Government against the Communists. The pro-Communist Hwa Shiang Pao was of the opinion that the mission would merely result in prolonging the civil war.\n\nThe Kung Sheung Daily Press of July 15 was of the opinion that any aid to China resulting from the mission would have conditions attached to it, one of which would be a purge of corrupt officials.\n\nThe Wah Kiu Yat Po of July 16 quoted opinions that the mission would result in American aid being granted to China on similar terms to those which applied to Greece; also that the Communist controlled areas would not be excluded from American aid.\n\nThe Kung Sheung Daily Press of July 17, referring to the example of Greece, warned against the acceptance of American aid by China on terms which would subject China to American control.\n\nThe Wah Kiu Yat Po of July 18 reported that American loans for various public works projects in China were being sought.\n\nThe Wah Kiu Yat Po of July 14 reported that Russian troops were occupying areas in the vicinity of Dairen evacuated by Chinese Communists, and the Kung Sheung Daily Press of July 19 reported that Russian ships were carrying supplies for the Communists to the port of Yintai in Shantung.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590978, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 32, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "# TELEPHONES:\nP.R.O. 21738\nASSISTANT P.R.O. 31636\nGENERAL OFFICE 23406\n\nTo: \n**HONG KONG GOVERNMENT PUBLIC RELATIONS OFFICE**\n**OFFICES:** \n28, 31, 6E, CLOUCESTER ARCADE\nRef: `PRO/1011/3`, Ory on `96009/15/+7`\nDate: 10th July, 1947.\n\n## 1. CHINA. WEEKLY SUMMARY OF HONG KONG PRESS REPORTS AND COMMENTS June 29 - July 5, 1947.\n\nThe bitterly contested battle of Szepingkai was the most featured item of news during the week. The Communists claimed a tactical success in inflicting very heavy casualties (16,000 killed or captured) on the Nationalists and withdrawing from the city in good order, whilst the Nationalists claimed a strategic success in retaining a key point. This costly but indecisive battle was seen by the Wah Kiu Yat Po of July 4 as reflecting the whole character of the civil war.\n\nThe week of Szepingkai saw an intensification of the civil war in other aspects. The Supreme Court of China issued a warrant for the arrest of Mao Tse-tung, Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, on a charge of violating the peace with armed forces. Earlier in the week the Kuomintang was considering recommending to Government the issue of a \"Red Suppression Order\" (under which the Communists would presumably be treated as criminals), but later a mobilization order was recommended in lieu, and was adopted by the State Council on July 4. The mobilization order was passed unanimously by the State Council, but apparently some left-wing members of that body took the opportunity of pointing out that \"efforts to improve political administration and the livelihood of the people\" were necessary as well as military action (Wah Kiu Yat Po, July 5).\n\nThere was speculation as to whether the mobilization order (which puts China on a war footing) would mean the re-imposition of press censorship, and it was thought that press censorship would produce an unfavourable reaction amongst foreign correspondents (Wah Kiu Yat Po, July 5).\n\nThe Sing Tao Jih Pao of July 3 quoted a report that war supplies for the Communists were carried in a Russian warship from Dairen to the Communist-controlled port of Yintai, and thence transported by UNRRA convoy to central Shantung.\n\nThe Sing Tao Jih Pao continued to appeal for an end to the civil war, but the National Times advocated foreign aid for the Central Government in suppressing the Communists.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590981, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 35, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "# HONG KONG GOVERNMENT \n## PUBLIC RELATIONS OFFICE \n### OFFICES: 6E, CLOUCESTER ARCADE \n\nDate: 3rd July, 1947.\n\n**WEEKLY SUMMARY OF HONG KONG PRESS REPORTS AND COMMENTS** \nRef: `PRO/1004/3`, `Oregon 96009/15/47` \nJune 22-28, 1947.\n\nAnti-Russian feeling continued to be the keynote of the pro-Kuomintang newspapers. On June 22, Dr. Sun Fo made a statement attacking Russia on the grounds that she was supporting the Chinese Communists, had prevented the Chinese Government from taking over Dairen and Port Arthur, and had instigated the Outer Mongolian invasion of Sinkiang. The statement went on, in effect, to appeal to America for direct aid to the Chinese National Government. This statement was given much prominence.\n\nThe pro-Communist Hwa Shiang Pao featured a commentary by Marshal Li Chai-sum (who is regarded as the leader of the left wing of the Kuomintang and is now resident in Hong Kong) on Sun Fo's statement. Li Chai-sum accused Sun Fo of attempting to sell out the country to America and of seeking to prolong the civil war, which would result in foreign intervention.\n\nThe Sing Tao Jih Pao of June 25 quoted Wu Hsin-tsz, leader of the National Democratic Socialists, as declining to comment on Sun Fo's statement, but instead appealing to the Kuomintang and Communists to get together and form a coalition government, with Chiang Kai-shek as impartial head of the state.\n\nThere continued to be references to the \"Sinkiang incident\", but there was still a noticeable lack of details as to what had actually happened.\n\nThere was some comment on the suggested American $500,000,000 loan to China. The Kung Sheung Yat Po of June 25 was of the opinion that China would do better to carry on without a foreign loan. The Wah Kiu Yat Po expressed a fear that the loan would be conditional on China relaxing her import restrictions and foreign exchange control, thus opening the country to a flood of American products which would ruin China's own industries.\n\nThe gist of an article by one Huang Shih-ying in the Wah Kiu Yat Po of June 27 was that the civil war was the result of rivalry between America and Russia, and that a united China could remain neutral in the \"almost inevitable\" World War III and let America and Russia fight it out elsewhere.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590983, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 37, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "**TELEPHONES :**\nP.R.O.... 21738\nASSISTANT P.R.O. 31636\n\n**GENERAL OFFICE.** 23406\n\nTo: \nHONG KONG GOVERNMENT \n**PUBLIC RELATIONS OFFICE** \nOrig. on `96009/15/47`\n\n**OFFICES:** \n6E, CLOUCESTER ARCADE \n\nDate: \n26th June, 1947. \nRef: `PRO/1000/3`. \n\n## WEEKLY SUMMARY OF HONG KONG PRESS REPORTS & COMMENTS \nJune 15 - 21, 1947.\n\n### 1. CHINA.\n\nThe \"Sinkiang Incident\" continued to be the chief topic during the week under review. On June 16 the Wah Kiu Yat Po reported that the incident was to be settled locally, and that it would not be necessary for General Pei Chung-hsi to proceed to Sinkiang. But on June 18 the same paper reported that General Pei would be leading a mission to Sinkiang in the near future. General Pei was described as a Chinese Mohamedan, who understands conditions in Sinkiang.\n\nIt was surmised that Russia aimed at creating an independent, or at least autonomous, state in Sinkiang (Sing Tao Jih Pao of June 16, and Wah Kiu Yat Po of June 21). The Sing Tao Jih Pao of June 18 seemed to hint that the Chinese Central Government might itself grant autonomy to Sinkiang and thereby retain that province's loyalty.\n\nThe Wah Kiu Yat Po of June 19 reported an anti-Russian campaign in Shanghai and Nanking, stating that there was general dissatisfaction at the Central Government failing to take a stronger line towards Russia over the Sinkiang Incident.\n\nThe same issue of this paper reports the Chinese Mission, which recently returned from its visit of inspection to Port Arthur, as meeting with an unfriendly reception from the Russians. The Mission's visit was confined to Port Arthur, and did not extend to Dairen, as was originally intended. It is said that at a dinner party the Chinese proposed the toast of Stalin, but the Russians failed to reciprocate with a toast to Chiang Kai-shek. The National Times of June 21 reports that members of the Mission were escorted by Russian \"liaison officers\" whenever they moved about in Port Arthur.\n\nThe Hua Shiang...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590995, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 49, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "## PRO/924/3\n\n## Comments on Internal Events\n\n(a) There are few comments on China's internal affairs, apart from the daily plea in practically every paper for an end to the Civil War. Kung Sheung Daily Press of 16/5 says that the U.S.A. should make Peace a condition of the proposed loan to China.\n\n(b) Wah Kiu Yat Po of 12/5, commenting on the appeal to wealthy overseas Chinese to invest their money in the development of China, says that such investments will only be made when currency is stabilised and reasonable conditions assured.\n\n## News Items & Comments on Colonial Matters\n\n\"Vegetable Control costs Hong Kong Government HK$1,000,000 in eight months\". (New Life Evening News, 14/5). Note:- This is quite untrue, but part of an organised campaign to discredit Government's attempts to help the producer.\n\n## Comments on International Matters\n\n(a) The U.S.$500,000,000 loan negotiations are in an advanced stage. (Wah Kiu Yat Po, 12/5).\n\n(b) Sing Pao of 13/5 prefers a British Socialist Government for the internal good of Britain, but says that a Conservative Government is better at dealing with foreign affairs. Conservative Government after next election is a possibility.\n\n(c) A Chinese Mission is to inspect Dairen and Port Arthur prior to taking over these places. Britain and U.S.A. should be asked to assist China to get the Russians out. (Wah Kiu Yat Po, 13/5; Wah Kiu Yat Po, 16/5).\n\n(d) Peiping papers report that the Third International has ordered Chinese Communists to proceed with a plan to Sovietise China. Kamos is to be the new capital. (Wah Kiu Yat Po, 14/5).\n\n(e) It is reported that some of the anti-smuggling measures agreed on between China and Hong Kong will shortly be put into effect. (Sing Tao Jih Pao, 14/5).\n\n(f) China should draft the Peace Treaty with Japan. (Sing Tao Jih Pao, 16/5).", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590998, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 52, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "## 3. Comments on Colonial Matters. \n`PRO/909/3`\n\n(a) Rice smugglers whose cargoes (usually rice) are confiscated by the Peace Preservation Corps usually complain to Hong Kong Police that their junks have been robbed. (`National Times, 5/5`)\n\n(b) The re-surveying of the Hong Kong boundary, in conjunction with the Hong Kong Government, is expedited to commence this month. (`National Times, 6/5`) The survey is required as a preliminary to the settlement of the \"Hong Kong problem\". (`Chien Kuo Jih Pao, Canton, 5/5`)\n\n## 4. Comments on International Matters.\n\n(a) The case of the two members of the Peace Preservation Corps now incarcerated in Hong Kong is not mentioned this week.\n\n(b) \"Sing Pao\" of `8/5` urges Chinese Government to publish the text of treaties with Russia affecting Outer Mongolia, Dairen, and Port Arthur. Public opinion would then cause the unequal treaties to be abrogated. \"Sing Tao Jih Pao\" of `7/5` reports that the arrangements for taking over Dairen by China are expected to be announced soon. \"Wah Kiu Yat Po\" of `9/5` says that Chinese Communists with Russian support hope to occupy Dairen permanently. Russia is raising obstacles to the taking over.\n\n(c) Agitation for the return of Macao continues, but without the urgency which characterised last week's news. Ministry for Foreign Affairs states that retrocession of Macao is a point of Central Government's policy. (`Chien Kuo Jih Pao, Canton, 4/5`) Meetings are being held in Canton. (`Chung Cheng Jih Pao, Canton, 5/5`)\n\n(d) A message from Nanking insists that the payment of HK$50,000 compensation for the death of Cheung Tim-cheung (the Shum Chun border incident of last December) should be demanded from Hong Kong through diplomatic channels. (`National Times` and `Chung Cheng Jih Pao, Canton, 6/5`)\n\n(e) Commenting on the Russian Army Maneuvres in East Siberia and the American Combined Maneuvres in Alaska, \"Kung Sheung Daily Press\" of `7/5` fears this may be a pointer towards another war.\n\n(f) 30,000 teachers are required for education of Overseas Chinese children. Recruitment abroad plus a tour in China is urged. (`Sing Tao Jih Pao, 5/5`)", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591004, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 58, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "- 2 -\n\n`PRO/871/3`\n\n56\n\n### 3. News Items & Comments on Colonial Matters\n\n(a) Hong Kong is to co-operate with Chinese Maritime Customs in the prevention of smuggling. (`Sing Tao Jih Pao`, 21/4).\n\n(b) The Hong Kong Chinese Press generally give prominence to petitions to Government against the introduction of direct taxation or Income Tax.\n\n(c) \"Wah Kiu Yat Po\" of 21/4 devotes considerable space to currency control. This is considered to be in the nature of a tariff wall against American goods to remove American competition rather than a defence of sterling. It is considered that such control is bad for the Colony's trade. \"Kung Sheung Daily Press\" of 25/4 rather deplores the ban on import of gold.\n\n(d) A bomb was exploded outside the Hong Kong Post Office. There were no casualties. (`Wah Kiu Yat Po`, 24/4).\n\n### 4. Comments on International Matters\n\n(a) In general the Hong Kong Chinese Press have given an unusually large amount of space to comments on international affairs.\n\n(b) The movement for the retrocession of Macao is gathering force. Schools, theatres, radio and petitions to the Chinese Government are reported. (`Sing Tao Jih Pao`, 22/4). \"The finance and morality of our Chinese people will be adversely affected by this 'Monte Carlo'.\" (`Sing Tao Jih Pao`, 25/4).\n\n(c) Macao is named as the new \"Black Market\" terminal for remittances to China from United States. (This follows on the tightening up of Exchange Control in Hong Kong.) (`Wah Kiu Yat Po`, 25/4). A boycott of Macao by vegetable growers of Chung Shan is threatened. (`Chien Kuo Jih Pao`, Canton, 21/4).\n\n(d) The administration of Port Arthur, Dairen, and area surrounding them is causing considerable friction between the Chinese and Russians. (`Sing Tao Jih Pao`, 26/4). \"Kung Sheung Daily Press\" of 22/4 throws blame for friction on the Chinese Communist troops in the area.\n\n(e) Comments on the failure of the Foreign Ministers Conference at Moscow follow the political alignment of the various papers. Comment is in all cases mild and restrained.\n\n(f) A survey of the China-Burma boundary is proposed. (`Wah Kiu Yat Po`, 22/4).", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591016, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 70, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "## \n2.\n\n`PRO/840/3`.\n\n**Comments on Internal Events**.\n\nNothing of importance.\n\n## \n3.\n\n**Comments on Colonial Matters**.\n\nNIL.\n\n## \n4.\n\n**Comments on International Matters**.\n\n(a) Dr. Wang Shih-chih, Minister for Foreign Affairs, expects to go to Mukden to conduct negotiations with Russia on handing back of Dairen and Port Arthur. (`Sing Tao Jih Pao`, 10/4). Chinese Communists refuse to evacuate Dairen. (`Wah Kiu Yat Po`, 11/4).\n\n(b) The `Wah Kiu Yat Po` of 11/4 has started a British Flood Relief Fund and comments with gratitude on British War-time assistance to China.\n\n(c) The People's Political Council are advocating the return of Macao to China. (`Wah Kiu Yat Po`, 12/4)\n\nGW/APC\n\nG. White, \nP.R.O.\n\nPage 70 \nPage 71", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591017, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 71, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "# HONG KONG GOVERNMENT PUBLIC RELATIONS OFFICE\n\n**TELEPHONES :**\nP.R.O. `21738`\nASSISTANT P.R.O. `31636`\nGENERAL OFFICE `23406`\n\nTo: \n\n12\n\n**OFFICES:** \n68 6E, CLOUCESTER ARCADE\n\n**Date:** 12th April, 1947.\n**Ref:** `PRO/823/3`\n\n## WEEKLY SUMMARY OF HONG KONG PRESS REPORTS AND COMMENTS. March 31 - April 5, 1947.\n\n### 1. Chief Internal Events Reported.\n\n(a) Terrorists who have previously confined their threatening letters to business houses and theatres are now threatening private houses with destruction unless protection money is paid. (*Wah Kiu Yat Po*, 3/4).\n\n(b) Ching Ming has seen a revival of Black Market activities in the Kowloon-Canton Railway tickets. (*Wah Kiu Yat Po*, 2/4).\n\n(c) Canton has protested against the \"strong and unreasonable\" refusal of the Hong Kong Government to hand back the two members of the Peace Preservation Corps recently sentenced to imprisonment for armed robbery. (*Kung Sheung Daily Press* and *Canton News*, 2/4).\n\n(d) General Chang Chun is to be president of the Executive Yuan, and is now forming his cabinet. (*Wah Kiu Yat Po*, 1/4).\n\n(e) Preparations are in hand for the taking over of Dairen by the Chinese Government. Fears are expressed that the Communists may execute a coup. (*Wah Kiu Yat Po*, 1/4).\n\n(f) General Chen Yi, Governor General of Taiwan, has been ordered to resign. (*Sing Tao Jih Pao*, 1/4).\n\n(g) The Kuo Min Tang Commissioner for overseas affairs, Mr. Chen Hsu Jen, is to visit Hong Kong. (*National Times*, 1/4).\n\n(h) General Chang Fa-kwei, nominated as governor for new province of Hainan, wishes to withdraw in favour of Admiral Chan Chak. (*Chien Kuo Jih Pao*, Canton, 30/3).\n\n(i) Canton Press continues to give news of appropriations of hundreds of millions of National dollars for public works, but few reports of any progress other than preliminary surveys. Only report of early completion are three reservoirs in Waiyang and Fukong. (*Shiang Pao*, Canton, 1/4).", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591032, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "page_number": 86, "title": "CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947", "content_text": "## 40 Comments on International Matters\n\nThe main feature was the future relationship of America to China, following General Marshal's return to the United States. Comments varied diametrically. \"The National Times\" said, \"So far as Sino-American relations are concerned we should view his appointment with optimism.\" \"He will attempt to cheat the Chinese people... with the same old game,\" said the \"Hwa Shiang Pao\". Generally, no change in American policy was anticipated.\n\nVery mild comment was made on the alleged rape by a U.S. Marine of a Chinese girl in Peking.\n\nMost papers commented on the need for Russia to hand back Dairen \"to remove international discord.\"\n\nAn Anglo-Russian alliance, in addition to an Anglo-U.S. alliance, was mildly welcomed.\n\n`PRO/674/3` \n`GW/APC` \n`Cabluti` \n`GWhite` \n`P.R.O.` \n`FEB. 26 1947` \n-2- \n83", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-3 Weekly summaries of press reports and comments 24-12-1946 - 27-9-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 592529, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-613-7 Incidents against river steamers- S.S. KWANG TUNG; S.S. SAION; S.S. WUSUCH 4-2-1947 - 22-11-1947", "page_number": 58, "title": "CO129-613-7 Incidents against river steamers- S.S. KWANG TUNG; S.S. SAION; S.S. WUSUCH 4-2-1947 - 22-11-1947", "content_text": "57\n\nEnclosure No. 1 to despatch No. 71 (25/12-2/47)(& 3 copies) of 24/3/47 to H.B.M. Ambassador, Nanking.\n\nCommercial Counsellor, No. 25; Governor of Hong Kong, No. 59.\n\nCopied to:\n\nTranslation of letter No. 1\n\nTo the Manager of the S.S. \"Kwong Tung\":\n\nSince your steamer is put on the Dairen-Hongkong run, your company have made a lot of money by means of smuggling goods in contravention of the law. Had it not been for the sake of showing leniency, steps should be taken by this party to stop your steamer from continuing the run. You are now instructed to lend to us a sum of HK$100,000 to meet our military expenditure. You must give your answer within 10 days, failing which your steamer will be entirely burnt and destroyed. Do not take this warning lightly, or your repentance will be too late.\n\nTung Hing Party.\n\nP.S.\n\n? March\n\nYour answer to this warning will be awaited at the office of Tak On Customs Brokers at 1 p.m. on the 5th April. Do not fail to send a responsible person, dressed in white European clothes, there at the appointed time to await for an interview.\n\n23rd February.\n\nTranslation of letter No. 2\n\nTo the General Manager of the S.S. \"Kwong Tung\":\n\nHow is it that you have failed to send a responsible person to give us an answer at the office of Tak On Customs Brokers on 5th March, as demanded by our letter of 23rd February(?) You seem to have ignored our warning altogether. We must tell you that we mean what we say and that if you take our warning lightly your repentance will be too late.\n\nThe sum of HK$100,000 will afford you protection against any mishap for a period of 2 years.\n\nThis is our second notification and you are instructed definitely to give us your reply through a responsible person at the office of that Customs Brokers between 12 noon and 2 p.m. on the 12th instant. Do not wait till your repentance is too late.\n\nSecond Warning from the Tung Hing Party.\n\nMarch 8th.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-613-7 Incidents against river steamers- S.S. KWANG TUNG; S.S. SAION; S.S. WUSUCH 4-2-1947 - 22-11-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595017, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 92, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "## 17 - \n\nIn the military sphere, the Communists have had some success in Manchuria in recent months, and some 90% of this large area is now under the more or less effective controls of either the Communists or their adherents. The Central Government still control the railway corridor from Changchun southwards, but their hold is a somewhat precarious one, both rail and road communications being threatened constantly by guerrilla bands. At the time of writing (end of August) the Communists also control most of Shantung province (excepting the port of Tsingtao, but including Chefoo, which is within easy access of Russian-hold Dairen and Port Arthur), and parts of the provinces of Jehol, Suiyuan, Shansi, Shensi, Hopei, Honan, Kiangsu and Anhui. There are also Communist bands in Kwangtung province. The Central Government are in more or less effective control from the Yangtze valley southwards.\n\n14. Many predictions have been made in recent months of the impending disintegration of the Central Government's authority. It may be that this will come about, especially if America fails to come to China's aid. It must nevertheless be remembered that China's is largely an agricultural economy which can survive strains which would be unbearable in most other countries. An alternative development would be that, while continuing to function as the Government of China, the present Nanking regime, whose authority has never been very effective even in areas comparatively close to the capital, will gradually lose effective control...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595025, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 100, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "## 5. MANCHURIA\n\nAfter the Cairo Conference in December 1943, at which President Roosevelt, Mr. Churchill, and General Chiang Kai-shek were present, a declaration was issued stating inter alia that \"all territories that Japan has stolen from the Chinese, such as Manchuria, Formosa, and the Pescadores, shall be restored to the Republic of China\". \n\nThe Yalta (Livadia) Agreement of 11th February, 1945, providing for the entry of the Soviet Union into the war against Japan, contained provisions for the restoration to the Soviet Union of \"the former rights of Russia violated by the treacherous attack of Japan in 1904\", i.e., in Manchuria. While stating that China should retain full sovereignty in Manchuria, the agreement provided for the internationalisation of Dairen as a commercial port, for the lease of Port Arthur by the Soviet Union as a naval base, and for the joint Sino-Soviet operation of the former Chinese Eastern and South Manchuria railways. China was not a party to the Yalta Agreement, but these arrangements were confirmed and superseded, as between the Soviet Union and China, by the Sino-Soviet Treaty and annexed agreements of 14th August, 1945.\n\nThis Treaty confirmed Chinese sovereignty in Manchuria, but besides providing for joint Sino-Soviet operation for a period of 30 years of the \"Chinese Changchun Railway\" (i.e., Chinese Eastern and South Manchuria railways), leased to the Soviet Union for 30 years one half of all port works and installations at Dairen, and agreed also for 30 years to the joint use by the two countries of Port Arthur as a naval base, the defence of which was to be a Sino-Soviet responsibility.\n\nPage 100 \nPage 101", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595026, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 101, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "26 \n\nof which was entrusted to the Soviet Union. \n\nIn fact, effect has not been given to any of the above provisions. As far as is known, no negotiations have taken place in regard to the Chinese Changchun Railway, the Soviet forces continue in occupation of the Liaotung Peninsula including Dairen and Port Arthur, and Dairen has not been opened to international shipping. Indeed, except for the main railway route from the Great Wall to Mukden and Changchun and a perimeter round Mukden, the greater part of Manchuria remains in the hands of the Chinese Communists; in particular, there is a solid bloc of Chinese Communist forces between Dairen and the Central Government's Mukden perimeter armies. \n\nThe Soviet Government have recently been pressing the Chinese Government to take over the administration of Dairen, but the Chinese Government in the circumstances have felt that before they could safely do so they must send Chinese troops there and at Port Arthur. This the Soviet Government refuse to agree to, on the grounds that the Sino-Soviet agreements referred to above provide that the defence of the Port Arthur naval base shall be entrusted to the Soviet Union and that Dairen shall be subject to Soviet military control in case of war against Japan. The Soviets claim that a technical state of war with Japan still exists and can only be terminated by the conclusion of a Peace Treaty with Japan. \n\nThe Chinese Government issued a communiqué on the 25th June attributing the entire blame for the failure to carry", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595029, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 104, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "## AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE ENTRY OF THE SOVIET UNION INTO THE WAR AGAINST JAPAN\n\nLivadia, 11th February, 1945\n\nThe leaders of the three Great Powers — the Soviet Union, the United States of America and Great Britain — have agreed that in two or three months after Germany has surrendered and the war in Europe has terminated the Soviet Union shall enter into the war against Japan on the side of the Allies, on condition that:\n\n* The status quo in Outer-Mongolia (The Mongolian People's Republic) shall be preserved;\n* The former rights of Russia violated by the treacherous attack of Japan in 1904 shall be restored, viz.:-\n * (a) the southern part of Sakhalin as well as all the islands adjacent to it shall be returned to the Soviet Union.\n * (b) the commercial port of Dairen shall be internationalised, the pre-eminent interests of the Soviet Union in this port being safeguarded and the lease of Port Arthur as a naval base of the U.S.S.R. restored,\n * (c) the Chinese-Eastern Railroad and the South-Manchurian Railroad which provides an outlet to Dairen shall be jointly operated by the establishment of a joint Soviet-Chinese Company it being understood that the pre-eminent interests of the Soviet Union shall be safeguarded and that China shall retain full sovereignty in Manchuria;\n* The Kuril islands shall be handed over to the Soviet Union.\n\nIt is understood, that the agreement concerning Outer-Mongolia and the ports and railroads referred to above will require concurrence of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. The President will take measures in order to obtain this concurrence on advice from Marshal Stalin.\n\nThe Heads of the three Great Powers have agreed that these claims of the Soviet Union shall be unquestionably fulfilled after Japan has been defeated.\n\nFor its part the Soviet Union expresses its readiness to conclude with the National Government of China a pact of friendship and alliance between the U.S.S.R. and China in order to render assistance to China with its armed forces for the purpose of liberating China from the Japanese yoke.\n\nJ.V. STALIN, FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT, WINSTON S. CHURCHILL,\n\n11th February, 1945.\n\n-29- \n102", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595032, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 107, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "- 32 - \n\nThe exchange of the instruments of ratification shall take place as soon as possible in Chungking. The treaty will \nenter into force immediately upon its ratification and shall remain in force for a term of thirty years. \n\nIf neither of the high contracting parties has given notice, a year before the expiration of the term, of its desire \nto terminate the treaty, it shall remain valid for an unlimited time, each of the high contracting parties being \nable to terminate its operation by giving notice to that effect to the other high contracting party one year in \nadvance. \n\nIn faith whereof the plenipotentiaries have signed the present treaty and affixed thereto their seals. \n\nDone in Moscow, the Fourteenth August, 1945, corresponding to the Fourteenth day of the Eighth month of the \nThirty-fourth year of the Chinese Republic, in two copies, each one in the Russian and Chinese languages, both \ntexts being equally authoritative. \n\nThe Plenipotentiary of the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R.: \n**(Signed) V.M. MOLOTOV.** \n\nThe Plenipotentiary of the President of the National Government of the Republic of China: \n**(Signed) WANG SHIH-CHIEH** \n\n## Exchange of Notes \n14th August, 1945. \n\nYour Excellency, \n\nWith reference to the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance signed to-day between the Republic of China and the \nU.S.S.R., I have the honour to put on record the understanding between the high contracting parties as follows:- \n\n1. In accordance with the spirit of the afore-mentioned treaty, and in order to put into effect its aims and \npurposes, the Government of the U.S.S.R. agrees to render to China moral support and aid in military supplies \nand other material resources, such support and aid to be entirely given to the National Government as the \nCentral Government of China. \n\n2. In the course of conversations regarding Dairen and Port Arthur and regarding the joint operation of the \nChinese Changchun Railway, the Government of the U.S.S.R. regarded the Three Eastern Provinces as part of \nChina and reaffirmed its respect for China's full sovereignty over the Three Eastern Provinces and reaffirmed \nits recognition of their territorial and administrative integrity. \n\n3. As for the recent incidents in Sinkiang, the Soviet Government confirms that, as stated in Article V of the \nTreaty of Friendship and Alliance, it has no intention of interfering in the internal affairs of China.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595033, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 108, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "# \n\nIf your Excellency will be so good as to confirm that the understanding is correct as set forth in the preceding paragraphs, the present note and your Excellency's reply thereto shall constitute a part of the afore-mentioned Treaty of Friendship and Alliance.\n\nI take this opportunity to offer your Excellency the assurances of my highest consideration.\n\n**(Signature) V.M. MOLOTOV**\n\n14th day of the 8th month of the 34th year of the Republic.\n\nYour Excellency,\n\nI have the honour to acknowledge receipt of your Excellency's note of to-day's date reading as follows:-\n\n\"With reference to the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance signed to-day between the Republic of China and the U.S.S.R. I have the honour to put on record the understanding between the high contracting parties as follows:-\n\n| Clause | Text |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | In accordance with the spirit of the afore-mentioned treaty, and in order to put into effect its aims and purposes, the Government of the U.S.S.R. agrees to render to China moral support and aid in military supplies and other material resources, such support and aid to be entirely given to the National Government as the Central Government of China. |\n| 2 | In the course of conversations regarding Dairen and Port Arthur and regarding the joint operation of the Chinese Changchun Railway, the Government of the U.S.S.R. regarded the Three Eastern Provinces as part of China and reaffirmed its respect for China's full sovereignty over the Three Eastern Provinces and reaffirmed its recognition of their territorial and administrative integrity. |\n| 3 | As for the recent incidents in Sinkiang the Soviet Government confirms that, as stated in article V of the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance, it has no intention of interfering in the internal affairs of China. |\n\n\"If your Excellency will be so good as to confirm that the understanding is correct as set forth in the preceding paragraphs, the present note and your Excellency's reply thereto shall constitute a part of the aforementioned Treaty of Friendship and Alliance.\"\n\nI have the honour to confirm that the understanding is correct as set forth above.\n\nI avail myself of this opportunity to offer to your Excellency the assurances of my highest consideration.\n\n**(Signature) WANG SHIH-CHIEH**\n\n140.0\n\nExchange\n\n1.4", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595035, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 110, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "35 \n\nThe friendly relations and economic bonds between the two countries on the basis of the full observation of the rights and interests of each other, have agreed as follows:- \n\n## ARTICLE I \n\nAfter the Japanese armed forces are driven out of the Three Eastern Provinces, the main trunk lines of the Chinese Eastern Railway and the South Manchurian Railway from Manchuli to Suifenho and from Harbin to Dairen and Port Arthur united into one railway under the name of \"Chinese Changchun Railway\" shall be in joint ownership of the Republic of China and the U.S.S.R. \n\nJoint ownership and operation shall apply only to those lands acquired and railway auxiliary lines built by the Chinese Eastern Railway during the time of Russian and joint Sino-Soviet administration and by the South Manchurian Railway during the time of Russian administration and which are directly necessary for the above two railways and to the subsidiary enterprises built during the said periods and directly serving the above two railways. All the other branch railway lines, subsidiary enterprises and lands shall be in the complete ownership of the Chinese Government. \n\nThe joint operation of the aforementioned railway shall be undertaken by a single management under Chinese sovereignty and as a purely commercial transportation enterprise. \n\n## ARTICLE II \n\nThe high contracting parties agree that their joint ownership of the railway shall be in equal shares and shall not be alienable in whole or in part. \n\n## ARTICLE III \n\nThe high contracting parties agree that for the joint operation of the said railway the Sino-Soviet Company of the Chinese Changchun Railway shall be formed. The company shall have a Board of Directors to be composed of ten members, of whom five shall be appointed by the Chinese Government and five by the Soviet Government. The Board of Directors shall be in Changchun. \n\n## ARTICLE IV \n\nThe Chinese Government shall appoint one of the Chinese directors as President of the Board of Directors and one as the Assistant President. The Soviet Government shall appoint one of the Soviet directors as Vice-President of the Board of Directors, and one as the Assistant Vice-President. When questions are decided by the Board, the vote of the President of the Board of Directors shall be counted as two votes. Seven persons shall constitute a quorum of the Board. \n\nImportant questions on which the Board of Directors cannot reach an agreement shall be submitted to the Governments of the contracting parties for consideration and settlement in an equitable and friendly spirit. \n\n## ARTICLE V \n\nPage 110\nPage 111", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595037, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 112, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "## ARTICLE XI\n\nOn the above railway transport through (Chinese) territory from one Russian station to another or goods in direct transit from Soviet territory to the ports of Dairen and Port Artur or vice versa shall be free from Chinese customs duties or any other taxes and dues. On entering Chinese territory such goods shall be subject to Chinese customs inspection and verification.\n\n## ARTICLE XII\n\nThe Chinese Government will ensure, on the basis of a separate agreement, that the supply of coal for the operation of the railway will be fully secured.\n\n## ARTICLE XIII\n\nThe above railway shall pay taxes to the Government of China in the same way as the Chinese State railways.\n\n## ARTICLE XIV\n\nBoth contracting parties agree to provide the board of directors of the Chinese Changchun Railway with working capital, the amount of which will be determined by the statues of the railway. Profits and losses in operating the above railway shall be equally divided between the parties.\n\n## ARTICLE XV\n\nThe high contracting parties undertake within one month of the signing of the present agreement to appoint three representatives each to draw up in concert in Chungking the regulations for the joint operation of the above railway. The regulations shall be drawn up within two months and reported to the two Governments for their approval.\n\n## ARTICLE XVI\n\nThe determination of the properties to be jointly owned and operated by China and U.S.S.R., in accordance with the provisions of article I, shall be made by a commission to be composed of three representatives each of the two Governments. The commission shall be constituted in Chungking within one month after the signing of the present agreement and shall terminate its work within three months after the joint operation of the above railway shall have begun.\n\n## ARTICLE XVII\n\nThe term of this present agreement shall be thirty years. After the expiration of the term of the present agreement, the Chinese Changchun Railway, with all its properties, shall be transferred, without compensation, to the ownership of the Republic of China.\n\n## ARTICLE XVIII \n\n... \n\n37 \n110", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595038, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 113, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "## ARTICLE XVIII.\n\nThe present agreement shall come into force from the date of its ratification.\n\nDone in Moscow, the 14th August, 1945, corresponding to the 14th day of the 8th month of the 34th year of the Chinese Republic, in two copies, each in the Russian and Chinese languages, both texts being equally authoritative.\n\nThe Plenipotentiary of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R.\n\n(Signed) V.M. MOLOTOV.\n\nThe Plenipotentiary of the President of the National Government of the Republic of China.\n\n(Signed) WANG SHIH-CHIEH.\n\n## Agreement concerning Dairen.\n\nIn view of a treaty of friendship and alliance having been concluded between the Republic of China and the U.S.S.R. and of the guarantee by the latter that it will respect Chinese sovereignty in the control of all of the three eastern provinces as an integral part of China; and with the object of guaranteeing that the U.S.S.R.'s interest in Dairen as a port of entry and exit for its goods shall be safeguarded, the Republic of China agrees -\n\n1. To declare Dairen a free port open to the commerce and shipping of all nations.\n\n2. The Chinese Government agrees to apportion in the above free port for lease to the U.S.S.R. wharves and warehouses on the basis of a separate agreement.\n\n3. The administrative rights in Dairen shall belong to China. The harbour director shall be appointed, after the agreement of the Mayor of Dairen has been obtained, by the manager of the Chinese Changchun Railway from among the Soviet officers, and the assistant harbour director shall be chosen from among the Chinese officers in accordance with the above procedure.\n\n4. In peace time Dairen is not included in the sphere of efficacy of the naval-base regulations, determined on the basis of the agreement on Port Arthur of 14th August, 1945, and shall be subject to the military control established in this zone only in case of war against Japan.\n\n5. Goods entering the above free port from abroad for through transit to Soviet territory on the Chinese Changchun Railway and goods coming from Soviet territory on the said railway into the above free port for export or materials necessary for the installations of the said port imported from the Soviet shall be free from customs duties. Such goods shall be transported in sealed cars.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595039, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 114, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "- \n· 39 - \n\nGoods entering other parts of China from the above free port shall pay the Chinese import duties, and goods going out of other parts of China into the above free port shall pay the Chinese export duties as long as China continues to collect export duties.\n\n6. The term of this agreement shall be thirty years. This agreement shall come into force upon its ratification.\n\n## Protocol to the Agreement on Dairen\n\n1. At the request of the U.S.S.R. the Chinese Government leases to the U.S.S.R., free of charge, one-half of all port works and installations. The term of lease shall be thirty years. The remaining half of port works and installations shall be reserved for the use of China. The expansion or reconstruction of the port shall be made by agreement between China and U.S.S.R.\n\n2. It is agreed that the sections of the Chinese Changchun Railway running from Dairen to Mukden that lie within the region of the Port Arthur naval base shall not be subject to any military supervision or control established in this region.\n\n## Agreement on Port Arthur\n\nIn conformity with and for the implementation of the treaty of friendship and alliance between the Republic of China and the U.S.S.R., the high contracting parties have agreed as follows:\n\n### ARTICLE I\n\nWith a view to strengthening the security of China and the U.S.S.R. to prevent further aggression by Japan, the Government of the Republic of China agrees to the joint use by the two countries of Port Arthur as a naval base.\n\n### ARTICLE II\n\nThe precise boundary of the area provided in Article I shall be as provided in the attached annex and map (see attachment).\n\n### ARTICLE III\n\nThe high contracting parties agree that Port Arthur shall be exclusively a naval base and will be used only by Chinese and Soviet military and commercial vessels. There shall be established a Sino-Soviet military commission to handle the matters of joint use of the above-mentioned...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595041, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 116, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "# \n## \n### \n\nDone in Moscow, the 14th August, 1945, corresponding to the 14th day of the 8th month of the 34th year of the Chinese Republic.\n\nThe Plenipotentiary of the Praesidium of the Supremo Soviet of the U.S.S.R.: \n\n(Signed) V.M. MOLOTOV.\n\nThe Plenipotentiary of the President of the National Government of the Republic of China: \n\n(Signed) WANG SHIH-CHIEH.\n\n## Annex to the Agreement on Port Arthur Signed at Moscow on the 14th August, 1945\n\nWith reference to the boundary of the naval base area provided for in article II of the Port Arthur Agreement, an east and west line shall be drawn from a point south of Hou-shan-tao-wan on the west coast of the Liaotung Peninsula eastwards through Shih-ho-chan and Tsou-chia-chu-tzu to the east coast of the said peninsula; south of this line shall be the land boundary of the said area, but Dairen Municipality shall be excluded.\n\nIslands in the waters to the west of the Liaotung Peninsula area provided for in the agreement lying to the south of the diagonal line described below shall be included in this area; this diagonal line shall be drawn from latitude 39° north, longitude 120° 49' east, to latitude 39° 20' north, longitude 121° 31' east, and shall then turn north-east in the direction of P'u-lan-tien until it reaches the starting point of the land boundary to the south (? of Pu-lan-tien).\n\nIslands in the waters to the east of the Liaotung Peninsula area lying to the south of the curved line described below shall be included in this area; this curved line shall be drawn eastwards from the terminal point of the land boundary to latitude 39° 20' north, longitude 123° 8' east and thence south-east to latitude 33° north, longitude 123° 16' (Imperial Russian map to the scale of 1 : 500,000 attached). \n**(Translator's note: map not attached to text in Gazette.)**\n\nThe boundaries of the area shall be traced and demarcated on the spot by a mixed Sino-Soviet Commission, and if necessary boundary marks shall also be placed on the waters. In due course maps and charts shall be made with a detailed annex appended. The map made shall be to the scale of 1:25,000 and the chart made shall be to the scale of 1:300,000.\n\nThe date on which the said mixed commission shall commence operations shall be separately decided by the two parties.\n\nThe annex, map and chart of the boundaries of the area drawn up by the above-mentioned commission shall be approved by both Governments.\n\n## / Agreement", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595044, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 119, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "## ANNEX D.\n\n-44 \n\n### SINO-SOVIET NEGOTIATIONS ON PORT ARTHUR & DAIREN.\n\nThe Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued on 25th June the following communique on the negotiations with the U.S.S.R. concerning the take-over of Port Arthur and Dairen:\n\n1. \"Immediately upon the surrender of Japan, the Chinese Government, in preparation for the take-over of the Northeastern provinces, decided to dispatch troops to Dairen to re-establish Chinese administration in Port Arthur and Dairen. This was, however, strongly opposed by the Soviet Government on the ground that Dairen was to be made a free port. The Chinese Government was thus prevented from realising the first step towards the take-over of the administration of Port Arthur and Dairen in accordance with the Sino-Soviet Treaty of August, 1945.\n\n\"It will be recalled that the declaration of Dairen as a free port under the Treaty signifies that commodities in transit through that port should be exempt from duty and has no bearing whatever on the question of the stationing of Chinese troops in that port. That the administration in Dairen should belong to China is explicitly provided in the Treaty. The Treaty in no way restricts the right of the Chinese Government to send troops to Dairen. The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs therefore took serious exception to the aforementioned view of the Soviet Republic.\n\n2. \"Owing to the obstacles thus interposed by the Soviet Government, Chinese troops could not be sent to Dairen in October, 1945, and the Chinese Government was unable to proceed with the take-over of the administration of Port Arthur and Dairen. Since that date, the Chinese Communists have rapidly built up an armed force in the vicinity of Port Arthur and Dairen.\n\n\"The existence and expansion of this anti-Government force has constituted a strong impediment to the take-over of Port Arthur and Dairen by the Chinese Government from the mainland.\n\n3. \"In March this year, the Soviet Government expressed to the Chinese Government the hope that the Chinese Government might set up its administrative authority in Port Arthur and Dairen. The Chinese Government, in reply, again made it clear that it was because of the above-mentioned obstacles that the Chinese Government had not been able to take over the administration of Port Arthur and Dairen.\n\n4. \"During the last three months, the Chinese Government has repeatedly taken up this matter with the Soviet Government. It was stated by the Soviet Government that no anti-Chinese Government forces existed in the entire region of Dairen and the Port Arthur naval base; that the Soviet Government would ensure the safety of the personnel sent to Dairen and Port Arthur by the Chinese Government, as well as liberty of action in the discharge of their duties; and that questions as to the number of police to be sent by the Chinese Government to Port Arthur and the places where they were to be quartered should be discussed and decided on the spot by the Soviet and Chinese officials.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595045, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 120, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "## \n\"The Soviet Government stated, however, that it could not agree to the dispatch of Chinese troops to the Port Arthur naval base because the defence of that naval base had been entrusted by the Treaty to the Soviet Government. As regards Dairen, the Soviet Government stated that while it would permit Chinese police to enter that city, provided their number and the places where they should be quartered were agreed upon between the two parties, it could not agree to the entry of Chinese troops into Dairen on the ground that the state of war against Japan had not yet been terminated, and that Dairen should therefore still be subject to the military supervision established in the Port Arthur naval base area.\n\n\"In the opinion of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs the Chinese Government is fully entitled to send troops to Port Arthur and maintain them there, for, according to the Sino-Soviet Treaty the entire Port Arthur naval base area is set aside for the \"joint use\" of the two countries. The Chinese Government therefore cannot accept the Soviet interpretation in this particular case.\n\n\"As to the stationing of Chinese troops in Dairen, while it is true that the Sino-Soviet Treaty subjects that city to the military supervision of the Port Arthur Naval base area, \"in case of war against Japan,\" it is undeniable that Japan has for more than a year been under allied occupation following her unconditional surrender and that the \"war against Japan\" no longer in actuality exists. And even \"in case of war against Japan\" the Chinese Government is not precluded by any provision of the Sino-Soviet Treaty from sending its troops to Dairen.\n\n\"Moreover, the \"military supervision\" of the Port Arthur Naval base area or Dairen, even \"in case of war against Japan\", should be confined to the fulfillment of the requirement of joint prosecution of the war by China and the U.S.S.R. The sending of Chinese troops to Dairen to protect the administration and ensure its safety could not be considered in any case as detrimental to a joint prosecution of war against Japan.\n\n\"For these reasons, the Chinese Government has repeatedly expressed in writing its inability to accept the views of the Soviet Government and requested that the Soviet Government adopt a friendly attitude of understanding and cooperation toward the decision of the Chinese Government to station troops in Dairen. Furthermore, in the present circumstances the regions of Port Arthur and Dairen are at any moment open to the menace and attacks of anti-Government armed forces in the vicinity. In order to ensure safety and freedom of its administrative personnel in the region, the Chinese Government, over and above its treaty right, has the actual need of sending troops to Dairen. It is a matter of regret that this has not yet been assented to by the Soviet Government.\n\n5. \"While continuing to thresh out the matter with the Soviet Government, the Chinese Government recently dispatched an inspection mission under General Tung Yen-ping to Port Arthur and Dairen as a preparatory step toward the restoration of Chinese administrative authority in those regions. Before the departure of this group the Chinese Government had obtained \n\nPage 120\nPage 121", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595046, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 121, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "46\n\nthe agreement of the Soviet Government, and its assurance of full assistance to be given to the mission as well as of freedom of action in the discharge of their duties. But, after arrival in Port Arthur, the Mission did not receive the promised assistance. Together with the obstructions from the so-called \"local administration,\" this had made it impossible for the Mission to carry out their plans of inspection. The result of this trip again shows that Chinese administrative personnel cannot hope to perform their functions without the presence and protection of an adequate force of Chinese troops and police in Port Arthur and Dairen.\n\n6. \"In short, the failure of the Chinese Government thus far to take over Port Arthur and Dairen has been due to two factors: (1) The repeated refusal of the Soviet Government to agree to the stationing of Chinese troops in Port Arthur and Dairen, and (2) The formation by the Chinese Communists of strongly armed forces in the vicinity of Port Arthur and Dairen to hinder the take-over of these regions by the Chinese Government, the existence of such armed forces having resulted from the first refusal in October 1945, of the Soviet Government to agree to the landing of Chinese troops in Dairen.\n\n\"The Chinese Government is now constrained to call the serious attention of the Soviet Government to its fundamental obligations under the two following provisions of an exchange of notes forming part of the Sino-Soviet treaty:\n\n(1) The Government of the U.S.S.R. agrees to render to China moral support and aid in military supplies and other material resources, such support and aid to be entirely given to the National Government as the central Government of China.\n\n(2) The Government of the U.S.S.R. regards the three eastern provinces as part of China and reaffirms its respect of China's full sovereignty over the three eastern provinces and recognizes their territorial and administrative integrity. The Chinese Government sincerely hopes that the Soviet Government, mindful of its obligations mentioned above, will refrain from further employment of such unjustifiable interpretations of the Treaty as to undermine the sovereignty and administration of the Port Arthur area and Dairen. The Chinese Government, prompted by its earnest desire for friendly understanding and co-operation, will continue to seek an agreement with the Soviet Government. At the same time, the Chinese Government wishes hereby to declare that, since the right of China to dispatch troops and police to the Port Arthur area and Dairen is not restricted by treaty provisions, the Chinese Government is free at any time to decide on the exercise of this right.\"", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595047, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 122, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "# ANNEX E.\n\n## TASS COMMUNIQUE.\n\nThe Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs recently published a communique on questions relating to the situation in the area of the naval base of Port Arthur and at the port of Dairen and on the establishment there of a Chinese civil administration. In this communique the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs alleges that the Soviet Government has hindered the establishment by the Chinese Government of a civil administration in the area of the naval base of Port Arthur and at Dairen, by not agreeing to admit Chinese troops to the area indicated, and that as a consequence of this the Chinese Communists have allegedly been able to set up their armed forces around Port Arthur and Dairen. The communique alleges that the despatch of Chinese troops to the Port Arthur area and to Dairen is an essential condition for the establishment there of a Chinese civil administration.\n\nThe communique also contains the assertion that a group of Chinese Government representatives headed by General Tung Yang-ping which recently visited the Port Arthur area and the port of Dairen allegedly did not receive the necessary assistance from the Soviet Command in carrying out the tasks laid upon it.\n\nFurther, referring to the note attached to the Soviet-Chinese Treaty of August 14th, 1945, the communique recalls the obligations of the Soviet Government to afford China moral support and assistance with military equipment and to respect Chinese sovereignty over the Three Eastern Provinces (Manchuria).\n\nIn regard to this communique of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, TASS is authorised to state the following:\n\nAs is already known from the official TASS communique published in April this year, as far back as December 1945 and January 1946 the Command of the Soviet troops then in Manchuria informed the Chinese Government representatives in Manchuria of its readiness to offer all assistance in establishing Chinese civil administration in Dairen. Readiness was also expressed to give the necessary assistance to the Mayor of Dairen when appointed by the Chinese Government. Despite the fact that the Soviet Command also at that time received the official notice of the Chinese Government on the appointment of a Mayor of Dairen, the Mayor did not arrive there.\n\nOn December 3rd, 1946 the Soviet Government approached the Chinese Government with regard to the establishment of Chinese civil administration at Dairen and in the area of the naval base of Port Arthur. Receiving no reply, the Soviet Government again applied to the Chinese Government on March 7th, 1947 with a proposal for the acceleration of the establishment of Chinese civil administration throughout the naval zone of Port Arthur and in the city of Dairen, in accordance with the Soviet-Chinese agreements of August 14th, 1945. In the course of further negotiations the Soviet Government guaranteed that the Soviet Military Command would afford the assistance to the Chinese civil administration in the execution of its functions.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595048, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 123, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "48 \n\nIt is clear from the above that the allegation of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs that the Soviet Government hindered the establishment of Chinese civil administration in the Port Arthur area and at Dairen does not correspond to reality and leads astray those not acquainted with the real state of affairs.\n\nAlso unfounded is the allegation by the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs that as a result of the absence of Chinese Government troops in the area of the naval base, the Chinese Communists succeeded in setting up and increasing their armed forces around Port Arthur and Dairen. The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs is aware that neither around Port Arthur and Dairen nor on the territory of the whole naval base area are there or have there been any Chinese Communist armed forces.\n\nAs for the intention of the Chinese Government to send Chinese troops to the Port Arthur area, this is contrary to the Soviet-Chinese Agreement on Port Arthur, Article IV of which states: \"The defence of the above-mentioned naval base is entrusted by the Chinese Government to the Government of the U.S.S.R. For the purpose of defending the naval base, the Government of the U.S.S.R. will set up there the necessary fortifications, the expenditure to be borne by the Soviet Government.\" Moreover, Article VI of the Agreement on Port Arthur states that the Government of the U.S.S.R. has the right to maintain in the area of the naval base \"its military, naval and air forces and to determine their disposition.\" The Agreement does not envisage the quartering of Chinese troops in the Port Arthur area. Nor does the agreement on the port of Dairen envisage the quartering of Chinese troops in Dairen, but in accordance with this agreement, while the war with Japan exists, Dairen comes under the military regime established in the naval zone. Inasmuch as the state of war with Japan is not concluded, since there is still no peace treaty with Japan, the regime of the naval base extends to Dairen.\n\nThe Soviet Government, ever faithful to its international obligations, considers it essential in this case too to adhere strictly to the above-mentioned articles of the Soviet-Chinese Agreements on Port Arthur and Dairen and considers that the precise and loyal execution of these articles is obligatory for both parties. The claims of the Chinese Government regarding the despatch of troops to the Port Arthur area and to Dairen are contrary to the above-mentioned agreements.\n\nThe reference in the communique of the Chinese MFA to the fact that the Chinese civil administration will allegedly not be able to carry out its functions without the presence of Chinese troops in the Port Arthur area is groundless. Public order and equally the security of the civil administration in the Port Arthur area and in Dairen can be fully secured by the Chinese police forces, to whose entry the Soviet Government has given its consent.\n\nThe assertion of the Chinese MFA that General Tung Yang-ping's group which recently visited the Port Arthur area and the port of Dairen received no assistance from the Soviet Command does", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595049, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "page_number": 124, "title": "CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947", "content_text": "49 \n\n122 \n\ndoes not correspond to reality. According to the official reports of the representatives of the Soviet Military Command of the naval base of Port Arthur, General Tung Yang-ping's group was afforded full opportunity of studying the situation in the Port Arthur area and at Dairen.\n\nThe group was assisted in studying the various public organizations, the industrial undertakings and the work of the railway transport and the port of Dairen, and was also given information on other questions of interest to General Tung Yang-ping. On the eve of his departure from Port Arthur, General Tung Yang-ping and the plenipotentiary of the Chinese MFA Chiang Tsiang-fei in conversation with official Soviet representatives expressed satisfaction at the assistance accorded to General Tung Yang-ping's group by the Soviet Military Command.\n\nAs for the mention contained in the Chinese MFA's communique of the Soviet Government's agreement to give China support and military assistance and also to respect Chinese sovereignty over the Three North-Eastern Provinces (Manchuria), the Soviet Union has carried out these obligations in full by liberating with its armed forces the above-mentioned Three North-Eastern Provinces of China from the Japanese imperialists and, respecting Chinese sovereignty, then withdrew its forces from those Provinces.\n\nIn the light of the above, the communique of the Chinese MFA, which tendentiously distorts the facts, cannot but be regarded as a statement calculated to assist the campaign hostile to the Soviet Union now being pursued in China, in which, apparently, certain Chinese and foreign circles close to them are most interested, so as to distract attention from problems of the internal situation.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-619-1 Parliamentary delegation to China 1-9-1947 - 23-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595887, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-622-4 War damage compensation- requisitioned railway stores and materials 28-1-1949 - 16-2-1950", "page_number": 27, "title": "CO129-622-4 War damage compensation- requisitioned railway stores and materials 28-1-1949 - 16-2-1950", "content_text": "SAVINGRAM\n\nTo the Secretary of State for the Colonies.\n\nFrom the Governor, Hong Kong.\n\nDate\n\nNo..\n\n3 -\n\n(33) on 148\n\nbetween the British Embassy in Nanking and the Foreign Office, ending, as far as is known, with the Chancery's letter 8/095(2/554/48) of 19th February, 1948 to the China Department, Foreign Office.\n\n11.\n\nThe 24 coaches mentioned in Invoice 011 can only refer to the 22 Wagon-Lits Coaches and 2 belonging to the Tsin-Pu Line. Wagon-Lits Coaches were diverted to this Colony from Dairen during 1937 or 1938 and a special siding was constructed to hold them. Only the steel frames of two Wagon-Lits Coaches were found at Kowloon after the re-occupation, and report has it that the other 22 were removed by the Japanese to North China. The steel frames of these two remaining Wagon-Lits Coaches were purchased from the Wagen-Lits Company for reconditioning and are now the property of the British Section. It seems therefore that there is no justification whatever for the claim supported by Invoice 011 and this may be the reason why it appears to have been dropped.\n\n12.\n\nWith regard to the claims supported by invoices 009 and 010 and which are set out in the letters to the Accountant General attached thereto, the contention by the Ministry of Communications is not well-founded except in so far that the emergency regulations required that any material of a nature likely to be of use to the war effort could only be moved out of the Colony by special permission. Whatever the effect of such regulations might be theoretically, the present General Manager is able to state that, when the British Section agreed to build additional sidings for the retention of Chinese National Railway rolling stock, it was as a result of an exchange of letters in which this Government accepted no responsibility whatever for loss or damage. At no time was any request received from the Canton-Kowloon Section or the various agencies of the Ministry of Communications then present in the Colony to be allowed to remove any of this rolling stock to another place. I am of the opinion that these claims should be rejected as claims against the Hong Kong Government. If any claim lies at all, it is a Reparations Claim.\n\nBiry.\n\n5 Encls. T5:kcw.\n\nIN\n\n27", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-622-4 War damage compensation- requisitioned railway stores and materials 28-1-1949 - 16-2-1950.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]