[ { "id": 221243, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-011 - Sir John Davis - 1845 [1-4]", "page_number": 46, "title": "CO129-011 - Sir John Davis - 1845 [1-4]", "content_text": "expresive of His Excellency's thanks for this proof of friendship. Any individual specially pointed out by the Chinese Government as a refugee and proving\n\nand of\n\nwould\n\nto be so on\n\nexamination course be handed over, but Members\n\nour\n\nof the Triad Society apprehended by our own police, as offenders under the Colonial Ordinance, of necessity be punished by our own\n\nmust\n\nLaw.\n\nover the\n\nThe British Criminal jurisdiction the Chinese of this Colony, which is absolutely indispensable as a condition of its good government, is naturally unpalatable to the Rulers of China; and so dangerous and critical a topic does the Imperial Commissioner consider it in relation to himself, that he made it the subject of a private communication, Enclosure, No.3.\n\nIn my reply, I endeavoured to show that on this point I was the mere passive instrument of principles and\n\nCircumstances\n\nN°2\n\nN°5\n\nNob\n\nof\n\nadmit,\n\n45\n\ncircumstances that admit of no change.\n\nand took occasion at the same time to point out the palpable distinctions between Anglo Chinese subjects at Hong Kong, and mere commercial residents from England at the Consulates. That the former constitute the mass of the populace in the Colony, the chief subjects of communal Law; while the English traders to China are confined to particular posts, and even to a particular location at each port, and are not one in a thousand to the native population. That the severe restrictions in their\n\ncase were consistent\n\nwith, and justified an extraneous jurisdiction, while the liberty allowed in the other rendered it impossible. Above all that the Treaty itself sanctioned the existing arrangement.\n\nI have\n\nJervis\n\napplied J. H. Keenan's (blue copy)\n\nFredrick W. A. Bruce", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-011 - Sir John Davis - 1845 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 223535, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-016 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [1-6]", "page_number": 497, "title": "CO129-016 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [1-6]", "content_text": "If the Colonial Secretary is to comment in the Secretariat, the Estimates should be submitted both to the Communal Council and the Expiration Committee, and not, as in the motive of the one now in question, in the infrequent Make-up Love. Landy\n\nPage 493\n\n1", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-016 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [1-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 229578, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-031 - Public Offices - 1849", "page_number": 78, "title": "CO129-031 - Public Offices - 1849", "content_text": "Admiral\n\nAgents.\n\nColonial\n\nForeign Office\n\nMisc\n\nby the Colonial Resources, with the\n\nassistance of the Comptroller and\n\nAudit-General's Department for the Year, any\n\ndefinite Adjustments of the Estimates of this Colony does not seem to My Lords to\n\nbe requisite.___ But I am further to state that My Lords, According to the nature of the Services to be defrayed, would not deem it objectionable that from and after the 31st of March 1848, any future casual Surplus of Funds which might be derived from any of the Communal Parliamentary Votes, should be considered\n\navailable for the ensuing Year,\n\nand be included as\n\nsuch in the\n\nestimated Ways and Means of the\n\nLocal Government.\n\nI am also to state that\n\nit will be advisable that the Governor should be instructed to address explicit Requisitions to\n\nthe\n\nPage 76", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-031 - Public Offices - 1849.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 231560, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-037 - Sir Bonham - 1851 [6-9]", "page_number": 78, "title": "CO129-037 - Sir Bonham - 1851 [6-9]", "content_text": "# 8. Colonial Expenditure Hong Kong: Contingencies & Office under auspicies of \n\nund resfloods of disorinna \n\nAdvertising Newspapers Ferrore \n\nPrinting, Artimery \n\nCats Clemanarks Books \n\nPetty repairs to offices \n\nCoals \n\nBoot suumhers In Ayestand boots \n\nChart & Ilouse \n\nOil for Trips in Nanding gelaus \n\nhowel Repair of Boats #Best houst \n\nZuidenter whrenser \n\nTotal \n\nComparative statement of the \n\nHunting Newspapers Perissorts Be Artimory \n\nKennitture \n\nPolly refines to ipons Postage Coats \n\nBest none bass fucrigralind Barts \n\nChart Aplaus \n\nbit fr Campion lavding places. Repair of Beats Boot homes- Zuvorging Sustruntat \n\nMays flagstoff \n\nInredental Fittin expenses \n\ndotect durcasi \n\nPaid in Faid |Honghous| Sonden \n\nSola \n\n307. 19. |10|| 5. |10|6|315|10| \n\n53. 6. 10436 6 6 147 10 $8.183. \n\n2.1.3. \n\nJ.J. Jad \n\n$2.16 \n\n23.. \n\n5.178. \n\n11. 18.6. \n\n13.10.7. \n\n18. 6.04 \n\n都 \n\n35.183 \n\n2.11. \n\n6.2. \n\n32.10. \n\n23.7. \n\n5.117. \n\n13.10. \n\n28.6. \n\n52.3.8.3. 102. 15. 4. 630. 3. \n\npreavious year \n\nshone with prance \n\n1849/50-18595/ chman Derian 357. 5. 62 515.10.4. \n\n41.15. \n\n11.12147. 10. 14 72 1 2. \n\n82. 14. 7 4 38, 18, 3.| \n\n# \n\n8. 1. 2.1. 3. 2. 3. 8| \n\nA \n\n4316.6 \n\n# \n\n* \n\n+ \n\n1 \n\n6. 17. 3. 6.4 4. 17. 3. 5. 32. 10. 0. 13, 6 1 \n\n11. J 23.7 11.16 \n\n2.5.2 5. 17. 8. 2. 12. \n\n\" \n\n10.| J.|6. | 11. 18. 6. 1.3.1. \n\n172 11.5.15.10.7. \n\n* \n\n* \n\n10 \n\n27.14. 62613.122 \n\nNot turnare in 1830/31. \n\n28.6. \n\n2. \n\n7. \n\n4 \n\n12.00 \n\n30, 3. 7. 04. 3. 2ź 100.8. \n\n- \n\n• \n\nStatement of Office Contingencies during the last 3 years. \n\n1848/47. 1847/50. 1850/51. For yerd \n\nPrinting, moskopus Piuntivals de 411. 14. 2255) 6 6- $18. 10. 4. \n\nStationery \n\nFurniture \n\nCoals \n\nChails Inlaus \n\nBoot nume dirs. \n\nRepair of beats Hoot howe \n\nbit fr. Sam ps on \n\nlanding fetales \n\nSurveying Justiuncul \n\nall that itans \n\n|44|147.10.12 \n\n|2/4. 2.06|| 22 |#10:|10.| 81 | 82.14.94 38.|/8] 3. \n\n12.11.8. \n\n16. 14.6. \n\n27.10. \n\n\" \n\n\" \n\n28.12. \n\n12.15.12 \n\n6. 7. 7. \n\n1733 32 10 \n\nJ.52 5.1.8. \n\n> 23.1 \n\n15.10.2. 2.3.11.18.6 \n\nDecrease \n\n96.5. \n\n271.12 \n\nCemal Expenditure Steng Keng. \n\no2) Pensions Relived Mowances and \n\nGratuities. 76 \n\nI'm years Pusion to the Westow of Silve Susputer brothers to 17 July 1880, paid in England donation to Is Smith Mohn of the late Deputy Registar of the Supreme Court to depay the expenses of Passare in self there chilchen sanctioned in Earl Greys. \n\nfor Despatch N205 of 1\" November 1850. \n\nChinese who Gratuity to the sons of a \n\naccidentally Hellect by a Pidin Constabling \n\n1040 \n\n100. \n\n116: 8:4 65 111.84 |13018.| \n\nFraid in Hongkong Ital.£. Jz Horime Services exclusive of Establishimal: \n\nNemaniation le teeves on F Colleatus of Pilve rabering 5% on the yeous amount of Collectious porthe year ended 30 Jum 1850. vide stée Μ of Ordinance N°2 of 1845 — Expenses in cases of Appeal against the Assessment _ Secciden tot sxpenses in cotterling rates athillag \n\nSital of Police rates_ \n\nCommission to the Gorunmeal thationar one the \n\nsale \n\nLunds, Sicileres ke :- \n\nsmidental expenses in collecting Rants al Villager Sees paid in the Supereume Cunt Fracrend afterwards. do in the case themonker vetett, \n\nTotal \n\nA pornowry & Land rent_ NR. Adminstration & festin yolusive of establishments. \n\n\" \n\nExpenses of witnesses itilaiend to your credence in Crouse cases Payment & & Putriques Soterjecter in Origina to Thor Stoli Expruses of Comminal Punishments. Excration of three criminals \n\nReward for the apprehension of Cohni. Apoo vice Gost notification of & Mach 1847. souitioned by Cart \n\nGreys despatch N. 122 of 7th June 18497_ Expenses in wound to the defence of the utere convival Cline qp00. \n\n8. 2. \n\n144.16.00 \n\n11. 1. 2 \n\n28.4. \n\n1158. \n\n1426 \n\n6 \n\n\" \n\n180.11.4. \n\n5/48 \n\n\"/ \n\nV6 \n\n12.112.2 17. 14.2. 124. 19 \n\n124.1911 \n\nFital L. 131. 133 \n\nM5. Cclesiastical eplusive of Establishments. \n\nNl.. \n\n10. M. Charitulle Allowances. \n\n\" \n\nTotals \n\n4.2. 13.6. \n\n17: 36.9. \n\n62. 3. 10. 36. 2. \n\n8. 322. K 1176.13.7.626. 3. 22 630.3. 7 \n\n• \n\n566.10 \n\nTotal decrease in 1850/31 as compricot with 18418/119.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-037 - Sir Bonham - 1851 [6-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 240254, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-060 - Public Offices - 1856", "page_number": 62, "title": "CO129-060 - Public Offices - 1856", "content_text": "That state to the Lovels Communal Admiralty as the that expenses of the passage grant test to Our Hickson. will be part out of betonia - fundo the Colonial General has been instructed to pay for the being apprised of or the east thor of\n\n8394. Hong Kong RECEIVED SEP 12 1856 Admiralty September 11\n\n60 In reply to your letter of the 5th instant relative to the cost of the passage of James John Hickson to Hong Kong at the Contract rate: I am commanded by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty to acquaint you for the information of the Secretary Labouchure, that it is usual in these cases, first, to allow payment to be made out of Naval Funds, and then to reclaim the amount from the department which requested that the passage might be ordered; this course it is proposed to follow in the present instance, and the amount will be reclaimed from the Colonial Office.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-060 - Public Offices - 1856.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 240346, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-060 - Public Offices - 1856", "page_number": 154, "title": "CO129-060 - Public Offices - 1856", "content_text": "In arriving at the doors of the prison, he was desired by the Officer on tenter; but, being unhandcuffed, he walked on doing....\n\nHereupon he walked on. The Agent endeavoured to seize him, but was tackled by the Communal, and in the meantime the Explani made his escape.\n\nAnd it is supposed to have taken refuge on board the American ship of War \"Partallam\" (or \"Alacrity\" - unclear due to OCR) in the harbour of Hongkong. A warrant was delivered to the Magistrate by the Superintendant of Police, which he was directed to take on board the \"Powbee\" and show to Mr. Cluny, stating to him the circumstances under which it had been issued, and to request that officer to direct that the fine be paid or to surrender the defendant to the whole.\n\nMr. Cluny, however, declined the liability of proceedings, and stated that he would have no hesitation in sending an armed force to prevent a like intrusion of any... \n\nPage 152\n\n \n\nAfter re-examining the original text and applying the given rules, here is the reformatted and corrected version in HTML as requested:\n\nIn arriving at the doors of prison, he was desired by the Officer on tenter; but, unhandcuffed, he walked on.\n\nHereupon he walked on. The AGENT endeavoured to seize him, but was tackled by the Communal, and in the meantime the Explani made his escape.\n\nAnd it is supposed to have taken refuge on board the American ship of War \"Alacrity\" (or possibly \"Partallam\" due to OCR error) in the harbour of Hongkong. M. Chung, then Gang harbour of Brugging (likely \"Hongkong harbour\" or similar, due to OCR error).\n\nA warrant was delivered to the Magistrate by the Superintendant of Police, which he was directed to take on board the \"Powbee\" and show to Mr. Cluny, stating to him the circumstances under which it had been issued, and to request that officer to direct that the fine be paid or to surrender the defendant.\n\nMr. Cluny, however, declined the liability of proceedings, and stated that he would have no hesitation in sending an armed force to prevent a like intrusion.\n\nThe final output is:\n\nIn arriving at the doors of the prison, he was desired by the Officer on tenter; but, unhandcuffed, he walked on.\n\nHereupon he walked on. The AGENT endeavoured to seize him, but was tackled by the Communal, and in the meantime the Explani made his escape.\n\nAnd it is supposed to have taken refuge on board the American ship of War \"Alacrity\" in the harbour of Hongkong. A warrant was delivered to the Magistrate by the Superintendant of Police, which he was directed to take on board the \"Powbee\" and show to Mr. Cluny, stating to him the circumstances under which it had been issued, and to request that officer to direct that the fine be paid or to surrender the defendant.\n\nMr. Cluny, however, declined the liability of proceedings, and stated that he would have no hesitation in sending an armed force to prevent a like intrusion.\n\nPage 152", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-060 - Public Offices - 1856.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 258226, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-096 - Others - 1863", "page_number": 227, "title": "CO129-096 - Others - 1863", "content_text": "224\n\ninsufficient, which I think myself unlikely,\n\nthe contribution named could\n\naddition of pay for an as\n\nand Officers be men and\n\nto the local police force\n\nwho could be at all times employed\n\nin the Service of the Colony;\n\nauxiliaries as this point to press\n\nto the Troops being concurrently for the security of the European Inhabitants\n\nas forcibly as I can upon the Duke & Newcastle's consideration because upon it\n\nit depends In Justice or inexpedience of dis-peaces\n\nAnd if my proposal opinion is not thought Conclusive I would suggest\n\nthe Execution That Most Communal, the Judges, the Magistrates, the Offices of Police, and the Chamber of Commerce should also be taken upon the Subject.\n\n21 - I have not concluded the argument raised by you in 6th paragraph of your Despatch that Houghing Coch...\n\n1", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-096 - Others - 1863.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 260544, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-102 - Public Offices - 1864", "page_number": 161, "title": "CO129-102 - Public Offices - 1864", "content_text": "and Sunday exercise\n\nALL\n\nattached to wholesales.\n\nBut as a stimulus to industry, and conduct, good communal, these can be no doubt whatever that the remission sentence is by far the most powerful, and I think the present scale ample for all disciplinary and reformatory purposes.\n\nThe question of the cause of conditional pardons has been widely discussed, the case of Convicts sent to Work in Australia. My experience is, that the same conditional pardon had better be avoided.\n\nLicences (Mr. ...)\n\nI think it preferable to be at large, leaving the liberty to leave the Colony; but while his sentence remained unexpired, he should be subject to revocation for misconduct, and he subject to my direction for further offences.\n\n(signed),\n\nChair: B&Duintors\n\n159\n\nLand Board\n\nHowever, to follow the exact output format as requested, here is the revised version in HTML:\n\nand Sunday exercise\n\nALL\n\nattached to wholesales.\n\nBut as a stimulus to industry, and conduct, good communal, these can be no doubt whatever that the remission sentence is by far the most powerful, and I think the present scale ample for all disciplinary and reformatory purposes.\n\nThe question of the cause of conditional pardons has been widely discussed, the case of Convicts sent to Work in Australia. My experience is, that the same conditional pardon had better be avoided.\n\nLicences (Mr. ...)\n\nI think it preferable to be at large, leaving the liberty to leave the Colony; but while his sentence remained unexpired, he should be subject to revocation for misconduct, and he subject to my direction for further offences.\n\n(signed),\n\nChair: B&Duintors\n\n159\n\nLand Board", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-102 - Public Offices - 1864.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 263994, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-109 - Public Offices - 1865", "page_number": 268, "title": "CO129-109 - Public Offices - 1865", "content_text": "Sir,\n\n268% \n\n`Iching, July 19.18/15` \n\n6929 \n\nReferring to my despatch in reply to yours of the 10th, on the subject of the differences between the Hongkong Gov. and the Provincial Authorities, I have to inform you that His Excellency, the Governor of Kwangtung, has also written to me on this subject.\n\nHis Excellency complains that in one instance, after at your request, forwarding the petitions for Pak Chow, the despatch of a Communal Mahommedan he had requested you to apply to the Canton Government for, he received no answer to his application for some three months.\n\nB. Robertson's Emy...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-109 - Public Offices - 1865.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 270094, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-122 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [5-6]", "page_number": 309, "title": "CO129-122 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [5-6]", "content_text": "3\n\n305\n\n2.\n\ninquirin\n\nIn reference to Your Grace's letter as to Registration of Births and Deaths I say that there never has been any attempt made here as yet to compile statistical tables of that description and that this Government proposes to furnish information on the subject except reference to the European and American population.\n\n3.\n\nLooking to the numbers of the Chinese land and boat population frequenting this Colony and to the various causes (of a political and communal nature) which affect the increase and decrease of the population, and also bearing in mind that the great majority (whether Chinese or Mahomedans) are not accompanied here by their wives and families, I am of opinion that such Statistics, if procurable at all, would not be reliable for the purposes contemplated by Your Grace.\n\n4.\n\nIt is possible however that by constituting a fresh Department under the Registrar General and by furnishing the Officers of this Department with all necessary powers under an Ordinance expressly framed for the purpose, the number of Births and Deaths annually occurring here might eventually be ascertained with approximate correctness.\n\nAt the same time such a result would be comparatively worthless for useful purposes owing to the extra cost of fluctuation...\n\nINDEX.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-122 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [5-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 279934, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-140 - Public Offices - 1869", "page_number": 331, "title": "CO129-140 - Public Offices - 1869", "content_text": "329\n\ncrimes\n\ncommitted\n\nin Macao vessels,\n\non the high seas,\n\nin other countries. The term \"within\n\n\"The jurisdiction seems to be the more\n\nMacao subjects\n\n(b)\n\nshould I thus be to see 7.\n\nThe wording at the close of this\n\n4\n\nsection\n\nprom\n\n\"to claim\n\nach\n\nAtens\n\n...\n\nCrzuruzw\n\none in extradition treaties.\n\nWhy should the effect of\n\ncommenced? This limitation\n\nThe See 34 15.\n\nOrdinance be limited to crimes\n\ncommitted after\n\nits operation has\n\ndoes\n\neither\n\noffence\n\nis\n\nnot appear to be an active customary\n\nor reasonable. No.\n\ncreated by the Ordinance; and it\n\nis not to be\n\ndesired that the\n\nat stry\n\ncommunal refugees\n\nHong Kong should continue\n\n2424\n\nit\n\nas\n\nan\n\nasylum.\n\nThe\n\nreference\n\nto see b\n\nSee b[a]\n\nshioned\n\n(c)\n\nalso See 11\n\nfin\n\nmeant!\n\nlittle obenne. What is\n\npresume is to give power\n\nto\n\nthe fugitive to claim his discharge either upon the ground that he has been improperly committed by the Magistrate\n\nor upon the ground\n\nspecifies in See 10 of the Ordinance. ought not the prisoner to be entitled to claim his discharge from\n\nthe Court of appeal\n\nspecified in Sec 11\n\non grounds\n\nas well as\n\nthose\n\nspecified in See 10? Otherwise his\n\nonly guarantee that the Macao Government will not try\n\nhim\n\nfor\n\nanother\n\nT", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-140 - Public Offices - 1869.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 289888, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-161 - Public Offices - 1872", "page_number": 52, "title": "CO129-161 - Public Offices - 1872", "content_text": "Em Com No. 7405\n\nOffice or Individual.\n\n(Subject)\n\nDOMESTIC.\n\n50\n\nRECKIVEN,\n\nJU.22\n\n\"Court: Caption of the Steamers of the P&O Co. and Messageries Maritimes from July 20. operation of Chinese Passenger\n\nDate.\n\n1872\n\nLast previous Paper.\n\n7062\n\nUet 1855.\n\nCopy Foreign Mine\n\nCovelon 25 July 1872-\n\n7.0.\n\n7694\n\n3000 3 | 72—11 & £ 5768)\n\n(Minutes.)\n\nM. Holland\n\nCill tal the last par. Li F.0- 22062) then Line Kimberley would communale this recept other Refert, pannthe tom to be pou\n\nJanequa tes B", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-161 - Public Offices - 1872.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 293006, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-166 - Public Offices & Others - 1873", "page_number": 436, "title": "CO129-166 - Public Offices & Others - 1873", "content_text": "I entirely agree with H. H. Corint that it was expedient to alter the present ordinance & remove the anomaly of all rendition from the ordinary Criminal Cases Tribunal of the Colony direct to the Governor provided that in the exam of all such cases H. Ex. be assisted by a judicial Officer experienced in the taking down of depositions &c Communal.\n\nIn Criminal cases I also agree with W. H. Counsel for the reasons given, in thinking that such investigations be conducted privately.\n\nThat it should be optional with the Governor to admit, or refuse to admit the intervention of any professional advisers on behalf of the parties interested.\n\n## 2 \nPage 433 \n\nHornby", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-166 - Public Offices & Others - 1873.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 294874, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-169 - Others - 1874", "page_number": 98, "title": "CO129-169 - Others - 1874", "content_text": "## IX \n**RÉSULTATS DE LA MISSION** \n\n### JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE \n\nEn résumé, les résultats de la mission aux ruines khmers sont les suivants : \n\n1° Acquisition d'environ soixante-dix pièces de sculpture et d'architecture dont les principales sont : \n\nUn groupe de deux géants accroupis, dont le plus grand a cinq têtes et dix bras, supportant un corps de dragon à neuf têtes. Ce groupe, bien qu'endommagé par le temps, présente encore un effet d'ensemble très-imposant; \nUn géant debout; \nTrois lions de diverses grandeurs; \nUne statue à huit bras; \nUne statue de danseuse; \nPlusieurs statues ou fragments de statues de Bouddha d'une grande finesse; \nUn fragment de pilastre sur lequel sont sculptées en demi-relief deux femmes nues jusqu'à la ceinture, tenant une fleur de lotus à la main; \nDeux extrémités de balustrade figurant des dragons à neuf têtes; \nUne remarquable tête à quatre faces et deux autres belles têtes; \nUn entablement de porte sculpté; \nUn autre entablement représentant neuf danseuses en haut relief; \nUne colounette octogonale sculptée; \nDivers fragments de chapiteaux, piliers, pilastres, corniches et soubassements sculptés; \nBarreaux de fenêtres ornés de sculptures d'un goût exquis; \nPieds de pagodes également ornementés, fragments de bas-reliefs, etc., etc. \nMoulage de la tête du Roi lépreux et d'un fragment de bas-relief de Baïon (exécutés par le docteur Jullien); \n34 panneaux se faisant suite, moulés sur le plus beau des bas-reliefs d'Angcor Wat; \nQuarante pièces diverses montées sur des sculptures choisies de ce même monument; \nCinq moulages de pilastres sculptés de Prah-Khan. \n\n3° Montage d'une tête à quatre faces se trouvant à Phnom Crom; \n\n4° Découverte de plus de dix ruines nouvelles, dont quelques-unes de premier ordre; \n\n5° Levé des plans, dessins, photographies de vingt monuments remarquables; \n\n6° Une collection d'inscriptions presque toutes recueillies par les soins de M. Moura, dans les environs d'Angcor Wat. \n\nJe ne veux pas terminer ce rapport, monsieur le ministre, sans vous exprimer mon vif regret de m'être vu momentanément empêché par la maladie et par la situation politique du Tonkin de poursuivre le but principal de ma mission, pour laquelle votre département m'avait alloué des sommes importantes.\n\nJe serai prêt à repartir aussitôt que mes forces et les circonstances le permettront. Mes compagnons de voyage sont tous disposés à me suivre; un seul me fera défaut, le regrettable enseigne de vaisseau Bayot, qui m'avait été accordé comme second par M. le gouverneur de Cochinchine et qui a succombé si malheureusement dans les récents événements.\n\nCes travaux considérables, et d'un haut intérêt, sont entièrement l'œuvre de M. le capitaine Filoz. Cet officier, à peine de retour de sa première excursion, en a déjà entrepris une nouvelle, dont il espère obtenir des résultats encore plus importants.\n\nEn attendant, monsieur le ministre, je m'empresse de déférer à votre invitation, en me mettant à la disposition de M. le directeur des beaux-arts, pour l'installation de la collection artistique rapportée par la mission.\n\nJe suis, etc. \n\nSigné L. DELAPORTE, Lieutenant de vaisseau, officier de la Légion d'honneur, ancien chef de la mission d'exploration du Tonkin.\n\n### INFORMATIONS ET FAITS \n\nLe département de la Savoie vient d'être le théâtre de nombreux et considérables sinistrés. À Chamousset, 27 maisons ont été réduites en cendres ces jours derniers; à Arbin, un corps de bâtiments a été la proie des flammes. Les détails circonstanciés sur ces deux désastres manquent encore.\n\nAu hameau de la Roche, arrondissement de Moutiers, 32 maisons sont détruites. Une partie du bétail n'a pu être sauvée et malheureusement deux personnes ont péri dans les flammes.\n\n(Havas.)\n\n- Une dépêche de Gibraltar, en date du 3 mars, reproduite par l'agence Havas, donne les détails qui suivent sur la `Queen Elisabeth` dont nous avons annoncé, il y a plusieurs jours, le naufrage:\n\nLa `Queen Elisabeth` a considérablement souffert depuis ces deux derniers jours, et il est maintenant démontré que le vapeur ne tardera pas à disparaître. Des cloisons étanches, en bois, ont été disposées de manière à retenir l'eau, et si le temps le permet, elles soutiendront le navire de manière à permettre de débarquer une partie de la riche cargaison. Cinquante caisses d'indigo et vingt caisses de laque en écailles ont été retrouvées dans la journée d'hier.\n\nIl y avait lieu de supposer que les tableaux de Rubens qui sont à Anvers dans la cathédrale, avaient été endommagés par l'humidité à laquelle ils étaient exposés. Aussi une enquête a-t-elle été ordonnée par le gouvernement belge, dit l'`Athenaeum`, de laquelle il résulte que les peintures n'ont pas sérieusement souffert. Cette enquête a donné lieu à une discussion intéressante, savoir à qui ces tableaux doivent appartenir : aux autorités de la cathédrale, ou bien à l'État.\n\nMadame Léopold Javal a fait remettre à M. le directeur de l'administration générale de l'Assistance publique une somme de 500 fr. pour les pauvres de Paris.\n\nDans une réunion du conseil communal d'Anvers, il a été démontré que le fameux tableau : la Descente de Croix, un des chefs-d'œuvre de Rubens, actuellement dans la cathédrale, avait été fait par l'artiste pour la corporation ou Ghilde des arquebusiers d'Anvers 1614. Quelques années après, il fut placé par eux dans une chapelle de la cathédrale, chapelle qui était la propriété exclusive de la corporation, et où le chapitre de la cathédrale n'avait rien à voir. Pendant la révolution française, ces œuvres d'art furent apportées à Paris et figurèrent dans les galeries du Louvre.\n\nLa Convention de 1798 supprima les corporations religieuses, et décréta le retour à la nation de toutes leurs propriétés. En 1799, la Belgique fut annexée à la France; mais bien que les églises fussent restituées au culte, les tableaux dont nous parlons restèrent au Louvre. Ce n'est qu'en 1814, après le traité de Paris, qu'ils furent rendus au culte des Pays-Bas, qui, par décision du 6 octobre 1815, donna qu'ils seraient réintégrés dans leur ancien local. Le soin et la surveillance de ces trésors fut confié au commissaire civil des arts et des sciences.\n\nCes faits ayant été établis par d'habiles jurisconsultes, le conseil prétend que le gouvernement de 1815, ayant confié ces objets à la garde de certains individus, et la surveillance ayant été réservée à un fonctionnaire administratif, le gouvernement ne s'est jamais dessaisi de ses droits de propriété sur les objets et qu'il les a toujours considérés comme appartenant à l'État. La question de savoir si l'on doit éloigner ces tableaux de la cathédrale a été soumise au conseil d'Anvers.\n\nJeudi dernier, dans l'après-midi, dit le `Journal de Falaise`, un commencement d'incendie se manifestait dans la partie de la forêt de Saint-André, située sur la droite de la route de Falaise à Argentan, et détruisait environ six hectares de bois taillis et de bruyères. De prompts secours, apportés par les bûcherons et les habitants voisins, éteignirent le feu et l'empêchèrent de s'étendre. On supposait alors que tout danger avait disparu.\n\nVendredi, vers onze heures du matin, le feu s'est de nouveau, et avec la plus grande intensité, déclaré dans cette forêt, mais dans la partie située sur la gauche de la route de Falaise à Argentan, à une distance de plus de 1,500 mètres du lieu où il avait pris la veille. En moins de vingt minutes, plus de 2 kilomètres de bois taillis, de bruyères et de vignons se sont trouvés envahis par les flammes. Grâce à la prompte et intelligente organisation des secours et au dévouement de chacun, il a été possible d'arrêter la marche du fléau, en pratiquant une tranchée parallèle à la ligne de feu, et de préserver ainsi toute cette partie de la forêt d'une destruction complète.\n\nOn évalue à près de 300 hectares, appartenant à divers propriétaires, la quantité de bois détruits.\n\n## X \n\nPersuadé que tout ce qui se rattache à l'étude d'un peuple jadis si puissant et d'une région dont les destinées sont aujourd'hui liées à celles de la France, ne saurait se faire sans utilité pour notre colonie, M. le contre-amiral Dupré n'a cessé, pendant toute la durée de nos opérations, de nous entourer de toute sa sollicitude et de nous fournir toutes les ressources dont il pouvait disposer.\n\nM. Moura, de son côté, nous a constamment prêté l'assistance la plus empressée, et il a mis à notre service toute l'influence que lui donnait sa position près du roi de Cambodge.\n\n### 2548 \n### 2 Avril 1874 \n\n| Date | Jul 23 | 24 APR 1874 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| **Subject** | French proceedings in Touquin & Annam | |\n| | (Minutes.) | |\n| | W. Meade | Transmit affy lifmesan in dit. |\n| | Lecret | J.4. |\n| | | MH 24/4 |\n| | | ount Paper |\n| | | PO. |\n| | | M |\n| | April 25 | 5076. |\n| | | t: 2014 |\n| | | -H&S 1029) |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-169 - Others - 1874.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 295076, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-169 - Others - 1874", "page_number": 300, "title": "CO129-169 - Others - 1874", "content_text": "# JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE\n\n(Séance du 1 août 1874.) RAPPORT fait au nom de la 28 commission d'intérêt local sur le projet de loi portant établissement d'une surtaxe sur l'alcool à l'octroi de Kerlouan (Finistère), par M. Laget, membre de l'Assemblée national\n\nMessieurs, il y a cinq ans, le conseil municipal de Kerlouan a établi sur les alcools qui entraient dans la commune, une surtaxe des droits d'octroi, de 20 fr. par hectolitre; cette surtaxe doit prendre fin le 31 décembre prochain et le conseil demande l'autorisation de la proroger pour une nouvelle période de cinq années, à partir du 1er janvier prochain.\n\nLa situation financière de la commune de Kerlouan justifie cette demande: elle reste devoir une somme de 2,600 fr. pour solde de la dépense occasionnée par la construction d'une église; elle a à réparer les murs de son cimetière, à construire une annexe à sa maison de charité; à établir une pompe-fontaine, ce qui entraînerait une dépense de 4,700 fr., or, les comptes administratifs des années 1871, 1872 et 1873 démontrent que les recettes ordinaires du budget communal ne se sont élevées en moyenne qu'à 9,227 fr. et que les dépenses corrélatives les ont absorbées à 376 fr. près, quoique les chemins vicinaux et l'instruction primaire soient payés par les centimes spéciaux.\n\nLa surtaxe demandée figurerait pour 1,160 fr. dans le revenu de l'octroi; mais le Gouvernement, tout en reconnaissant que les propositions du conseil municipal sont admissibles en principe, estime que le chiffre doit en être réduit de 20 fr. à 18; il se fonde sur ce que le conseil municipal de Kerlouan a demandé, déjà, au commencement de cette année, l'élévation du droit principal sur les mêmes liquides au taux de 6 fr. par application de la loi du 25 mars 1872, et obtenu du conseil général, par délibération du avril dernier, l'autorisation qu'il sollicitait; cette élévation du droit principal produit une augmentation de recettes de 116 fr., lesquels compensent le produit des 2 fr. retranchés sur le chiffre de la surtaxe. Si la compensation n'est pas complète, s'il y a une différence en moins, la commune peut se procurer l'équivalent par une économie sur son budget.\n\nLe conseil d'Etat est d'accord avec le Gouvernement sur les propositions dont nous sommes saisis.\n\nVotre 28 commission d'intérêt local s'associe également, par les considérations qui précèdent, à ces mêmes propositions et vous demande, à l'unanimité, d'adopter le projet de loi présenté par le Gouvernement et qui est ainsi conçu:\n\n## PROJET DE LOI\n\nArticle unique. A partir du 1er janvier 1875 et jusqu'au 31 décembre 1879 exclusivement, il sera perçu à l'octroi de la commune de Kerlouan, département du Finistère, une surtaxe de 18 fr. par hectolitre d'alcool pur contenu dans les eaux-de-vie et esprits, liqueurs et fruits à l'eau-de-vie, et par hectolitre d'absinthe.\n\nCette surtaxe est indépendante du droit de 6 fr. par hectolitre, établi en taxe principale.\n\nAnnexe n° 2859...\n\n(Séance du 1 août 1874.) RAPPORT fait au nom de la 26° commission d'intérêt local chargée d'examiner le projet de loi tendant à autoriser le département de la Mayenne à contracter un emprunt pour les travaux des chemins vicinaux ordinaires, par M. Warnier (Marne), membre de l'Assemblée nationale.\n\n...sacrifices nécessaires. Suivant le rapport de M. l'ingénieur en chef des ponts et chaussées dans le département, le développement total des chemins est de 2,011 kilomètres. Dans ce nombre, 1,456 kilomètres sont à l'état d'entretien, 110 en construction et 444 en lacune.\n\n| | Fr. |\n|-------------|------------|\n| La totalité des dépenses prévues, tant pour la construction que pour l'entretien, du 1er janvier 1868 au 31 décembre 1883, s'élève à... | 8,227,479 |\n| Les dépenses faites montaient, au 31 décembre 1872, à | 2,286,731 |\n| Les ressources de 1873, y compris le reliquat des exercices antérieurs, se sont élevées à.. | 1,483,653 |\n| Les ressources probables de 1874 à 1883, y compris les sacrifices consentis par les communes et les particuliers, atteindront le chiffre de. | 2,129,782 |\n| Ensemble | 5,900,166 |\n| Il y a donc un déficit de.. | 2,327,313 |\n\nOn a vu que, sur l'emprunt contracté en 1869 par le département de la Mayenne, une somme de 271,500 fr. était encore à recouvrer. En demandant l'autorisation de contracter un emprunt nouveau de 1,400,000 fr., le conseil général avait manifesté l'intention de renoncer au recouvrement de ce reliquat; mais cette intention n'est pas réalisable, le chiffre adopté pour l'emprunt nouveau, par le conseil général, ne pouvant être maintenu. En effet, un décret du 26 mars dernier a fixé la répartition de 200,000,000 de francs, dont la caisse des chemins vicinaux peut disposer à titre d'avances, et le montant des emprunts que le département et les communes de la Mayenne peuvent être admis à contracter pour l'achèvement du réseau subventionné, a été arrêté à 1,301,000 fr. Or, la part faite ou à faire sur cette somme aux associations municipales est de 301,000 fr., ce qui réduit à 1,000,000 le chiffre que l'emprunt départemental ne peut dépasser.\n\nCette réduction obligera le département à recourir au complément de ressources qu'il peut tirer de la loi du 8 mai 1869. Il convient donc, en raison du déficit constaté, de laisser au conseil général la faculté de se servir du reliquat de 271,500 f. qui reste à recouvrer sur l'emprunt de 1869 pour l'appliquer aux travaux des chemins.\n\nLa réalisation du nouvel emprunt aurait lieu par à compte successifs à dater de 1874. Le remboursement de chacun des termes serait effectué au moyen de trente annuités dont le maximum ne dépasserait pas 40,000 fr.\n\nEn substituant le département aux communes, pour l'opération de l'emprunt, le conseil général entend, ainsi qu'il ressort d'une lettre du 7 mars 1874, de M. le préfet de la Mayenne à M. le ministre de l'intérieur, se réserver le droit de répartition et de recours contre les communes qui seront ultérieurement reconnues en mesure de participer à l'amortissement des sommes empruntées. Il ne serait pas juste, en effet, de créer un privilège au profit des communes qui jusqu'ici n'auraient pas pu ou n'auraient pas voulu faire des sacrifices pour réaliser des emprunts, alors que d'autres, depuis la période décennale commencée en 1869, se sont imposé des contributions extraordinaires qui ne prendront fin que dans un avenir éloigné.\n\n...ment des annuités. Le gage de l'opération est donc suffisamment garanti.\n\nLes charges des contribuables ne devant être accrues par l'opération projetée, la 26 commission d'intérêt local a l'honneur de proposer à l'Assemblée nationale, d'accord avec le Gouvernement, l'adoption du projet de loi suivant:\n\n## PROJET DE LOI\n\nArt. 1. Le département de la Mayenne est autorisé, conformément à la demande que le conseil général en a faite, à emprunter aux lieu et place des communes à la caisse des chemins vicinaux, aux conditions de cet établissement, la somme de 1 million de francs qui sera affectée aux travaux des chemins ordinaires.\n\nLa réalisation de l'emprunt, soit en totalité, soit par fractions successives, ne pourra avoir lieu qu'en vertu d'une décision du ministre de l'intérieur.\n\nCette décision ne sera prise que sur la production d'un état faisant connaître:\n\n1. Le nom des communes auxquelles le département a entendu se substituer;\n2. La somme pour laquelle il se substitue à chacune d'elles dans le montant de l'emprunt;\n3. La situation financière des communes.\n\nArt. 2. Les fonds nécessaires à l'amortissement de l'emprunt autorisé par l'article 1 ci-dessus seront prélevés tant sur le produit des centimes extraordinaires dont le maximum sera fixé chaque année par la loi de finances, en exécution de la loi du 10 août 1871, que sur les versements qui pourront être effectués par les communes auxquelles le département s'est substitué.\n\nAnnexe n° 2660.\n\n(Séance du 1 août 1874) RAPPORT fait au nom de la 26 commission d'intérêt local sur le projet de loi tendant à créer, sous le nom de Saint-Jean-Denous, une nouvelle commune formée de territoires distraits des communes de Réquista et de Lédergues, par M. de Laurens, membre de l'Assemblée nationale.\n\nIl y a quatre ans, le 15 juin 1870, les habitants de Saint-Jean-Denous, relevant de divers meaux, les uns situés sur le territoire de la commune de Réquista, les autres sur le bord de la commune de Lédergues, exposaient à M. le préfet de l'Aveyron qu'ils désiraient former une commune distincte, qui serait limitée comme l'était leur circonscription ecclésiastique de Saint-Jean-Denous.\n\nLeur circonscription ecclésiastique, disaient-ils, comprenait un territoire d'une étendue de ... hectares et une population de 672 habitants, répartis dans vingt-huit villages ou hameaux, celui de Saint-Jean-Denous, placé au centre, sur l'embranchement des deux routes départementales n° 10 et 14, forme le chef-lieu. Cette circonscription renferme des terrains d'excellente qualité, travaillés avec soin par les habitants; elle est aujourd'hui en pleine voie de prospérité. D'importantes améliorations agricoles s'y sont accomplies; Saint-Jean-Denous est devenu, grâce à sa position, un centre d'affaires commerciales et agricoles; il possède deux foires très-suivies. Enfin, il y a unanimité pour demander que cette circonscription soit érigée en commune séparée, avec Saint-Jean-Denous pour chef-lieu.\n\nIls faisaient, de plus, observer que la commune de Réquista ne serait pas lésée dans ses intérêts par cette distraction de territoire. La commune de Réquista est, en effet, très-vaste; il lui resterait encore une étendue considérable et une population nombreuse. Le reste de la nouvelle commune qu'il s'agit de créer se composerait des hameaux de Pomarède et de Banassas, appartenant à la commune de Lédergues, dont les habitants ont des rapports quotidiens avec Saint-Jean-Denous, et de très-rares avec Lédergues.\n\n...Le conseil général de la Mayenne avait d'abord décidé que les quatre dernières annuités de l'imposition extraordinaire créée par la loi du 8 mai 1869, seraient affectées au remboursement du nouvel emprunt jusqu'à due concurrence et cumulativement avec des prélèvements sur le produit des 12 centimes à percevoir en exécution de la loi de finances; mais il est vraisemblable, Messieurs, que le conseil général de la Mayenne a demandé, dans sa session d'août 1873, que le déficit de la loi du 8 mai 1869, finira par être réalisé intégralement. On ne saurait, en conséquence, disposer du produit de l'imposition qui sert de gage de l'emprunt.\n\nLe département de la Mayenne a déjà été autorisé, par une loi du 8 mai 1869, à emprunter une somme de 670,000 fr. pour le même objet; mais cet emprunt n'a pu être réalisé que jusqu'à concurrence de 398,500 fr.; il reste 271,500 fr. à recouvrer.\n\nL'insuffisance de la somme obtenue, et l'intérêt du réseau subventionné, demandent de nouveaux sacrifices.\n\n...315,600 fr. A la vérité, une partie de cette somme, c'est-à-dire 216,600 fr. est consacrée à l'amortissement des emprunts contractés précédemment; mais comme on le voit, une somme de 99,000 fr. reste disponible, et tout porte à croire que les communes interviendront dans le payement des annuités.\n\n...Ils ajoutaient que Saint-Jean-Denous possède une église, un presbytère, une école de garçons et une de filles; qu'il y a bien des communes qui ne jouissent pas de cet avantage; qu'il existe en outre des biens communaux dont l'aliénation produirait des revenus suffisants à son administration municipale, et qu'enfin, au cas où la section serait érigée en commune, ils s'engageaient à créer un capital destiné à pourvoir au complément de ses revenus.\n\nPage 300\nPage 301", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-169 - Others - 1874.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 298301, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]", "page_number": 225, "title": "CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8]", "content_text": "Gavermaad Hawe, Marghiang, Hongkong, & Juve, 1876.\n\nMy Lord,\n\nI have the honor to transmit a Minute of the Clerks of the Executive Council recording the result of a proposed Meeting on the 5th Instant.\n\nThe Lord Venerable ...\n\nThe Earl of Carnarvon,\n\nHer Majesty's\n\nPrincipal Secretary of State,\n\nIt appears that there are significant OCR errors in the original text. I have made corrections to produce a coherent and readable output in HTML format as per the instructions.\n\nHere is a step-by-step explanation of the corrections made:\n1. \"Me 100.\" and \"pesty 76.\" and \"224 Gusen\" seem unrelated to the rest of the text and appear to be OCR errors or extraneous content. They have been omitted as they do not form a coherent part of the letter.\n2. \"Gavermaad Hawe\" is likely an OCR error for \"Government House\".\n3. \"Marghiang\" is likely an OCR error for \"Macau\" or more probably \"Macao\" but given the context, it is more likely to be an error for a date or a location related to \"Hongkong\". However, without clear context, it is assumed to be part of the address and left as is, but corrected to a more plausible \"Macau\" is not adopted, instead \"Marghiang\" is kept as it might be a phonetic or OCR misinterpretation of a place or date.\n4. \"& & Juve\" is likely an OCR error for a date, probably \"June\".\n5. \"ایکم\" is an OCR error and seems to be unrelated to the English text; it is omitted.\n6. \"I have the hover to\" is corrected to \"I have the honor to\".\n7. \"Minuts\" is corrected to \"Minute\".\n8. \"Clarks\" is corrected to \"Clerks\".\n9. \"Communal\" is likely an OCR error for \"Council\".\n10. \"recoding\" is corrected to \"recording\".\n11. \"proponed\" is corrected to \"proposed\".\n12. \"ww The 50 Instant\" is corrected to \"on the 5th Instant\".\n13. \"The Night Venerable an....\" is corrected to \"The Lord Venerable ...\" assuming \"Lord\" is the correct title and the ellipsis indicates missing or unclear text due to OCR errors.\n14. \"7 The Earl of Warnaway\" is corrected to \"The Earl of Carnarvon\", as \"Carnarvon\" was a known Earl and Secretary of State during the relevant period, and \"Warnaway\" does not match historical records.\n15. The output is formatted using HTML paragraphs () as per the instructions.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-174 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [4-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 318027, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-202 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [7-9]", "page_number": 279, "title": "CO129-202 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [7-9]", "content_text": "prisoners will be temporary and will be followed by elimination when sentences of longer duration have had time to work their full effect on the communal population.\n\n4. The second cause to which you allude is \"The presence of prisoners who formerly were supported\". The question of deportation has been thoroughly dealt with in previous despatches, and a new Ordinance having already been passed on the subject, I do not think it necessary now to enter into that part of the subject.\n\n5. The third cause referred to in your Despatch is the absence of a sufficient deterrent system of foreign labour. In order to make prison discipline really deterrent, it is essential, and I need hardly point out, to have", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-202 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [7-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 324276, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-214 - Public Offices & Others - 1883", "page_number": 308, "title": "CO129-214 - Public Offices & Others - 1883", "content_text": "he authority fired him over the \n\nMail: \n\npapal Commun aders. Commanders. \n\nگر از \n\nL \n\nLyons. \n\nCole Effice \n\nJongeni \n\nD \n\nAnnão 1888 \n\nSÉNAT \n\nSeptum ordinaire de 1883. \n\nD \n\nشا \n\nCOMPTE AUNDU IN EYFENSE. — 48• SÉANON \n\nSéance du jeudi 24 mal 1883. \n\nSOMMAIRE \n\nProcès-verbal. Dépôt, par M. Cazague, d'un rapport sur le pro- jet de lai, adopté par la Chambre des dépu- tés, tendant à autoriser la ville de Cahors (Lot) a contracter un emprunt. Discussion du projet de loi, adopté par la Cham- bre des députés, tendant à auioriser la villa de Châtellerault (Vienne) à emprunter 52,000 fr. -Adoption. \n\ni délibération sur le projet de loi. adopté par te Chambre des députés, ayant pour objet de faire déclarer d'utilité publique l'établisse- ment, dans le département de Seine-et-Oise, d'un chemin de fer d'intérêt local, à voie étroite, de Valmondais à Epiais-Rhus. — Adop tion en 1 délibération. \n\nDépôt par M. Challemel-Lacour, ministre des faires étrangères, d'un projet de loi, adopté par la Chambre des députés, portant approba- tion d'une convention siguée entre In France, ia Belgique, le Brésil, l'Espagne, le, Guate male, l'Italie, les Pays-Bas, le Portugal, le Salvador, la Serbie et la Suisse et constituant ane union internationale pour la protection, de la propriété industrielle. Renvoi aux bureaux. \n\nDépôt et lecture, par M. le comte de Saint-Val- lier, d'un rapport sur le projet de loi, adopté par la Chambre des députés, portant ouverture au ministre de la marine et des colonies sur Pexercice 1883, d'un crédit supplémentaire pour le service du Tonkin. Deraande do discussion immédiate. — Discussion générale : M. Lambert de Sainte-Croix, Fournier (In+lre-et-Loire), le comte de Saint-Vallier, rapporteur, le baron de Lareinty, le président. Clôture de la discussion générale. = Art. 1o, Adoption. Art. 2: MM. le rap. posteur, Challemel-Lacour, ministre des af- faires étrangères; l'amiral Jaucégulberry, Buf- fet, le président. Adoption Adoption au scrutin de l'ensemble du projet de loi. Suite de la 1\" délibération: 1 sur la proposi- tion de loi de M. Théophile Roussel et plu sieurs de ses collègues, ayant pour objet le protection des enfants abandonnés, déraissés ou maltraités; 2 sur le projet de loi sur la protection de l'enfance. Art. 20: MM. CIA- ment, Théophile Roussel, rapporteur; Béranger, le président. Renvoi à samedi de la suite de la discussion. \n\nRèglement de l'ordre du jour. \n\nPRÉSIDENCE DE M. CALMON VICE-PRÉSIDENT \n\nDEBATS PARLEMENTAIRES \n\n疊 \n\n304 \n\n25 Mai {SËNAT] 543 \n\nM. le président. Le rapport sera imprimé Į d'établissement du chemin de fer mentionas et distribué. \n\nà l'article for ci-dessus est fixé, à forfeit, à la comme de 1,269,830 fr., conformément à la convention précisée dont les clauses serviront aussi de bare pour la fixation des frais d'ex- ploitation. \n\nVOTE D'UN PROJET DE LOI D'INTÉRÊT LOCAL \n\nM. le président. L'ordre du jour appelle la discussion du projet de lai, adopté par la Chambre des députés, tendant à autoriser vile de Châtellerault (Vienne) & emprunter 52,000 francs. \n\nQuelqu'un demande-t-il la parole pour la discussion générale?... \n\nJe consulte le Sénat sar la question de sa- voir s'il entend passer à la discussion des ar- ticles. \n\n(Le Sénat décide qu'il passe à la discussion des articles.) \n\nM. le président. Je donne lecture de l'ar- ticle unique. \n\n* Article unique. La ville de Châtel- lerault (Vienne) est autorisée à emprunter de la caisse des lycées, collèges et écoles primaires, aux conditons de meat, la somme de 52.000 francs remboursa- ble en trente ans à l'aide d'un prélèvement sur le produit de la rétribution collégiale, le- dit emprant destiné an payement des frais d'agrandissement du collège communal. » \n\n(L'article unique, mis aux voix, est adopté.) \n\n« Le maximum de la charge annuelle pou- vant incomber au Trésor, endant vingt cinq ligne, est fixă à 9 870 fr.» (Adopté,) ans, à partir de la mise en exploitation de la \n\n« Art. 5. De pourra avoir lieu qu'en vertu d'une antori- sation donnée par le ministre des travaux pu- blics, sous la condition préalable des consta- tations prescrites par l'article 18 (paragraphe final) de la loi du 11 juin 1880, après avis du ministre des finances. » -- (Adopté.) \n\n(Le Sénat, consulté, décide qu'il passe à une 2. délibération.) \n\nAucune émission d'obligations \n\nDÉPÔT DE PROJET DE LOI \n\nM. Challemel-Lacour, ministre des affai- cet åtablisseres étrangères. J'ai l'honneur de déposer sur le bureau du Sénat, un projet de loi, adopté par la Chambre des députés, portaut approbation d'une convention signée le 20 mars 1883 entre la France, la Belgique, le Brésil, l'Espagne, le Guatemala, Italie, les Pays-Bas, le Portugal, le Salvador, la Serbie et la Suisse et consti- tuant une unión internationale pour la protec« tion de la propriété industrielle. \n\nM. le président. Le projet de loi est ren- \n\n10 DÉLIBÉRATION SUR LE PROJET DE LOI \n\nRELATIF AU CHEMIN DE FER DE VALMONDOIS | voyé aux bureaux, A ÉPIAIS-RHUS \n\nM. le président. L'ordre du jour appelle la première délibération sur le projet de lol, adopté par la Chambre des députés, ayant pour objes de faire déclarer d'utilité publique l'é- tablissement, dans le département de Seine. et-Oise, d'un chemin de fer d'intérêt local, à voie étroite, de Valmondois à Epiais-Rhus. \n\nQuelqu'un demande-t il la parole pour la discussion générale?..... \n\nJe donne lecture des articles. \n\nH sera imprimé et distribué. \n\nDÉPOT DE RAPPORT \n\nM. le comte de Saint-Vallier, J'ai l'hon- neur de déposer sur le bureau du Sénat un rapport fait au nom de la commission chargée d'examiner le projet de loi, adopté par la Chambre des députés, portant ouverture an ministre de la marine et des colonies, sur Pexercice1883, d'an crédit supplémentaire pour le service du Tonkin. \n\nPlusieurs sénateurs. Lisez lisezt \n\nM. le rapporteur, lisant: Messieurs, la question de notre situation au Tonkin, l'eza- \n\n■ Art. 1o. — Est déclaré d'utilité publique Pablissement, dans le département de Seine. et-Oise, d'un chemin de fer d'intérêt local, à voie étroite, partaat de la gare de Valmon- dois, sur la ligue de Paris à Creil par Pon- toise, passant par Nesle-la-Valiéé, Labbe. ville et Valiangoujard et se terminant à Epiais-obligations qu'elle nous impose on donné Rhus. - \n\n(Adopté.) \n\nArt. 2. La déclaration d'utilité publi que sera considérée comme non avenue, si les expropriations nécessaires pour l'exécution dudit chemin ne sont pas accomplies dans un délai de deux ans et demi à daler de la pro- mulgation de la présente loi. - (Adopté.) \n\nArt. 3.- Le département de Seine-et- Oise est autorisé à pourvoir à l'exécution de la ligne dont il s'agit, comme chemin de fer d'intérêt local, suivant les dispositions de la La séance est ouverte à deux heures cinq loi du 11 juin 1880 et conformément aux clau- minutes. \n\nses et conditions de la convention passée, le 21 avril 1882, entre le préfet de Seine-et-Oise d'une part, et la société générale des chemins de fer économiques, d'autre part, ainsi que du cahier des charges joint à cette convention, lesdites clauses et conditions modifiées en conformité de la lettre du 14 mars 1883, et de la délibération du conseil général de Seine-et- Oise en date du 9 avril, par une convention supplémentaire en date du 7 mai. \n\nH, de Rémusat, l'un des secrétaires, donne lecture da procès-verbal de la précédente Méance. \n\nLe procès-verbal est adopté. \n\nDEPOT DE RAPPORT \n\nM. Gazagne. J'ai l'honneur de déposer sur le bureau du Sénat un rapport fait au nom de la commission d'intérêt local chargée d'exa- miner le projet de loi, adopté par la Chambre des députés, tendant à autoriser la ville de Cahors (Lot) à emprunter une somme de 1 mil- lion de francs. \n\nGÉNAT, — IN EXTRUSO, \n\nDes copies certifiées conformes de ces conventions, lettre, délibération et cahier des charges resteront annexées à la présente loì, \n\n(Adopté.) \n\nArt. 4. Pour l'application des articles \n\nmen des circonstances qui l'ont amenée et des \n\nlieu à des développements trop étendas, tant à la tribune du Sénat qu'à celle de la Cham- bre des députés, pour qu'il semble uule à vo- tre commission d'entrer dans de longs détails sur les considérations auxquelles le Gouverne- ment a obéi, en vous présentant le projet de loi qui vous est roamís; il nous a para qu'au point où en sont les choses et en présence des faits déjà accomplis, it importe de biter une solution commandée par le soin de notre dis gnité et le souci de nos intérêts dans l'extrême Orient. \n\nJ'indiquerai tout d'abord que la commission est unanime dans l'assentiment qu'elle donne au principe du projet qui a rencontré dans les bureaux l'approbation de la grande majo- rité du Sénat, et je me bornerai à exposer brièvement quelques-unes des considérations générales et des raisons de fait sur lesquelles \n\nest basée notre adhésion, \n\nDans l'état actuel de notre industrie et de notre commerce, il importe d'ouvrir des dé- bouchés nouveaux, d'accroître le nombre de 40s marchés d'échange au moyen d'une politi- que coloniale prudente, réfléchie, mais ferme ét résolue, en écartant soigneusement les con- ceptions aventureuses ou mal définies, les en- treprises dans l'inconnu, mais en développana \n\n13 et 14 de la loi du 11 juin 1880, le capital | les établissements que nous possédons, en fai \n\n63 \n\nLord Lyons \n\nParis Luay 25- \n\nN? 3460. \n\nEud:", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-214 - Public Offices & Others - 1883.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 328563, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-221 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [4-6]", "page_number": 338, "title": "CO129-221 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [4-6]", "content_text": "337 \n\nSufficiently Would not this be provided for by (Mause 3). \n\nAs to this latter clause, the Attorney General objects that it involves too great an interference with Chinese communal affairs; the safeguard against this is to associate some of the leading Chinese with the Registrar General.\n\nAs to \"nothing being provided touching what is to be done with a child who has been set free\" under the provisions of the section - Kidnapped children, I wonder that the promoters of the Ordinance are not taken up. It seems to me that the way to put a stop to these horrors, which it seems do not exist in Hoy Hing only, is to give strong powers to the Executive.\n\nThe only way to prevent those powers being abused is, as far as possible, to give full publicity to what is done. If the Registrar General had a Chinese committee associated with him, and if he had to make quarterly reports to this Chinese Society, I see no difficulty. Any difficulty that might occur could be reported to the Governor, which, if thought advisable, might be printed.\n\nI fail to see that the parents would have any difficulty. At any rate, neither the Governor nor the Attorney General has taken any pains to obviate the difficulty. I am unable to say how much weight should be attached to the Attorney General's objections which have been raised to this Ordinance. We are simply letting the matter slide. Mr. Punziell is on leave, though out of England. His view, in case it be thought well...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-221 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1885 [4-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 329817, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-224 - Foreign Office - 1885", "page_number": 140, "title": "CO129-224 - Foreign Office - 1885", "content_text": "## 36\n\nÀ présent, l'administration communale de Phnom-Penh. La composition exceptionnelle de la population de cette capitale, où vivent juxtaposés, au nombre d'environ cinquante mille, des groupes de races diverses, Cambodgiens, Annamites, Chinois, Malais, Indiens, avec un certain nombre de négociants européens, exige un mode tout particulier d'organisation communale.\n\nEn ce qui concerne la distribution de la justice, le Gouvernement a préparé un projet de règlement qui, sans déroger au principe de la juridiction exclusive du tribunal français de Phnom-Penh et de la cour de Saïgon sur les sujets français et les étrangers européens résidant au Cambodge, instituera des tribunaux indigènes qui jugeront suivant l'équité, en conformité des coutumes cambodgiennes, mais en se rapprochant autant que possible des principes généraux du droit français.\n\nLa torture et les pénalités barbares des anciennes lois cambodgiennes seront abolies. Un salaire convenable sera assuré aux juges cambodgiens, de façon à permettre la suppression de leurs habitudes invétérées de vénalité.\n\nLa constitution de la propriété individuelle sera sans contredit l'une des œuvres les plus délicates mais les plus fécondes du nouveau protectorat.\n\nLa terre, au Cambodge, est censée propriété exclusive du roi; tous les détenteurs de propriété n'y sont, par suite, que des fermiers ou des locataires soumis à l'arbitraire royal, et auxquels la coutume n'accorde même pas d'indemnité pour les améliorations résultant de leurs soins. Il n'est pas besoin de s'appesantir sur un état de choses aussi barbare. L'article 9 du traité en stipule l'abolition.\n\nDans le projet du Gouvernement, on réserverait d'abord un domaine de la couronne, dotation inaliénable du souverain; le domaine public, également inaliénable, comprendrait les routes, fleuves, canaux, lacs, et leurs rives, ainsi que les édifices ou locaux affectés à des services publics; un domaine de réserve serait formé au moyen des immeubles que l'administration croirait devoir soustraire, en vue d'avantages ultérieurs, à une aliénation immédiate; toutes les autres terres composeraient le domaine aliénable. Celles-ci seraient réparties entre les communes. Les occupants actuels du sol recevront, soit gratuitement, soit à de certaines conditions, selon les cas, des titres définitifs de propriété. Le sol non occupé sera progressivement approprié par voie de vente ou de concession gratuite.\n\n## 37\n\nN 5482\n\nQue l'administration croirait devoir soustraire, en vue d'avantages ultérieurs, à une aliénation immédiate; toutes les autres terres composeraient le domaine aliénable. Celles-ci seraient réparties entre les communes. Les occupants actuels du sol recevront, soit gratuitement, soit à de certaines conditions, selon les cas, des titres définitifs de propriété. Le sol non occupé sera progressivement approprié par voie de vente ou de concession gratuite.\n\nL'esclavage, dont le maintien sous notre Protectorat serait une honte pour la France républicaine, est aboli par l'article 8 de la convention.\n\nNous avons dit plus haut les traits particuliers que cette triste institution affecte au Cambodge.\n\nIl serait malheureusement illusoire de vouloir la faire disparaître d'un trait de plume. Aussi le Gouvernement a-t-il arrêté des mesures de transition, nécessitées par l'état social du Cambodge, qui assureront le résultat final dans un délai relativement court. La responsabilité familiale, l'une des causes les plus iniques de l'esclavage au Cambodge, serait dès à présent supprimée. Le fils ne sera plus esclave pour le crime de son père; les membres de la famille de l'esclave pour dettes resteront libres. Aucune personne libre ne pourra désormais être réduite en esclavage.\n\nLa capture et la vente des sauvages seront interdites. Quant aux esclaves actuellement existants, ceux dont la servitude a pour causes des crimes ou des délits commis par leurs ancêtres ou par des personnes de leur famille, seront libérés sur le champ de plein droit; ceux qui sont esclaves pour crimes ou délits commis par eux-mêmes seront, selon la décision d'un tribunal, ou immédiatement libérés ou astreints à quelque peine temporaire; quant aux esclaves pour dettes, ils ne seront plus considérés que comme engagés à temps, et le tribunal fixera, en équité, le travail qu'ils doivent encore à leur maître jusqu'à libération entière.\n\nIl ne paraît pas douteux à votre commission que l'accomplissement de ce programme, dont nous n'avons fait que ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-224 - Foreign Office - 1885.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 331223, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-227 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [6]", "page_number": 306, "title": "CO129-227 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [6]", "content_text": "3\n\navecinct or Qing Dynasty;\n\nIt is essentially a Secret Society\n\ntheir influence.\n\n304\n\nese. In October of that year,\n\ncome\n\nrioting took place in the Colony arising in\n\nthe\n\na\n\nthe vows\n\nbinding the Initiates being of most stringent character. Its more recent development has been of a nature to dangerously interfere with the well-being of the Government of the Country in which they may for the time being have their residence.\n\n4.\n\nSo far as this Colony is concerned,\n\nthe Society first appears to have shown signs\n\nof\n\nmarked vitality in 1881, when its\n\nproceedings were reported in Police Letter\n\nCS.C.2466. In the following year,\n\n1882,\n\nits progress\n\nwas somewhat abated owing\n\nto the issue of a Proclamation by His Excellency the Officer Administering Government, S. O. 2821\n\n5\n\n1882.\n\nIn 1884, the warlike proceedings of the French Government against the Chinese appear to have been considered by the Members of the Triad Society a favourable opportunity for extending\n\ntheir power, and exerting\n\nexerting\n\nin the first instance from certain\n\ncargo\n\nboatmen\n\nhaving been fined at the Police Court for\n\nrefusing to\n\ncarry cargo for the French Mail Steamer Company, the Messageries Maritimes. The opinion of the Police\n\nAuthorities was that these riots were\n\nfomented by the Triad Society and some Headmen were banished.\n\nIn 1885, the Police reported\n\nlo.\n\nA.\n\nthat the Triad Society\n\n3.\n\n2.\n\n4.\n\n(See for)\n\nALICIO\n\norder.\n\nbecoming\n\ndangerous to the good order of the Colony. C.O. 2040. The Executive Council,\n\nCAO\n\n1885,\n\nhaving received a report from the Government of the Straits Settlements,\n\nand\n\nwith copies of the law in force Colony, decided \"That there is no cause\n\n1885\"\n\n\"for legislation at present. Cf. C.O. 22.86\n\nCASO. In 1886, the communal reports of\n\nthe Captain Superintendent\n\nof Police and of\n\nthe Superintendent of Victoria Gaol contain\n\n50444\n\n6. (See 405\n\ntheir\n\nparagraphs,\n\nthe\n\none to the effect\n\nthat the", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-227 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1886 [6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 333742, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-232 - Acting Governor Marsh Acting Governor Cameron - 1887 [4-5]", "page_number": 26, "title": "CO129-232 - Acting Governor Marsh Acting Governor Cameron - 1887 [4-5]", "content_text": "Carved tall you how sorry I am to lose them as well as well. And\n\nEve\n\nPrivate\n\nMost private. I suppose I will\n\nGovernment House,\n\n21st\n\n23th September 1886\n\nhave to pull & stew here till he gets worn, without a tumour Brumstin gets on, without\n\nto mac.co\n\nHis scheme will be called Chater's scheme, but as very\n\nImelise\n\nAzi\n\nappeal to the elective body\n\nGo Hally mine, but he fully proposes of the Pence which Certain thing which the Govt's first been issued by Cust-geti,\n\nand In case Govt's 2. C. proce\n\nappresent of it, I am selling much you\n\nthe question Professn\n\ndetests.\n\nBest Regards\n\nErez\n\nwill see tout\n\nWe pledged himself to ask\n\na reform of the Communal\n\nA\n\nBy all tage number of cussficiile\n\nthat it is a\n\nmove toward...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-232 - Acting Governor Marsh Acting Governor Cameron - 1887 [4-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 346077, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8]", "page_number": 476, "title": "CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8]", "content_text": "authorities through the H. Mr. Connel was written to from the Foreign Office as they the arrangements were cancelled.\n\nRebrarson was now kept matter for war.\n\nfoes out and used in informing the subject to him in accordance with Hong Kong minutes on 13/204.\n\nLaddin replied in the above first minute.\n\nI think better not to act on 13/204.\n\nI think that the views are much altered by the Chinese form and that it will be undeniable to commit the new Governor unless until they revert the request.\n\nThere is no reply and I think it moved only half with us.\n\nLately, our Chairman, W. Der Voux, who are very strong on the question, and Asphate is perhaps the ablest of the unofficial Members of Council. It ought also to be added that their large owner of property which used to be greatly affected by any unsettling the resident Chinese population.\n\nHe used that story in mediating positively to China a Chinese authority is entirely different situated & Singapore that sums attending the employment of a Chinese Consul at that place.\n\nAs regards the former, the clamour are early. The principal comment of that one idea prevalent among the Chinese forming classes is to their fellow countrymen represented as vassals of the Emperor. The advent of a communal move.\n\nWe hold that #Hong Kong, China, be used in this sense & to be understood by the local Chinese Population.\n\nSi es veux gave me two instances in which the late Chinese Governor at Canton, whose name I have forgotten, had a very reactionary view. I held then views through. The public await this Wervelux at Hongkong publicly responded. He then said that he must ask one condition, Mr. that", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-250 - Acting Governor Barker - 1891 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 364517, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-278 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [11-12]", "page_number": 295, "title": "CO129-278 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [11-12]", "content_text": "292\n\n\"under existing arrangements has \n\nthe Premises. there are that, the \n\nimposition of a permanent tax \n\n(4) Opposed to the practice of \n\nLeading Communal nation. \n\n(8) an injustice to Shipping \n\nargument that the Provisions of an antiquated Proclamation invoke \n\nwhen", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-278 - Governor Sir Robinson - 1897 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 365670, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-281 - Governor Sir Robinson & Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [1-3]", "page_number": 5, "title": "CO129-281 - Governor Sir Robinson & Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [1-3]", "content_text": "7 7b\n\nDespatch No.\n\nDate\n\n32\n\n8\n\nT\n\n33\n\n10\n\n34\n\nTel\n\n35\n\n37\n\n38\n\n39\n\n40\n\n9\n\n\"\n\nTel\n\n15\n\nSubject.\n\nAppointments in Colonial Secretariat\n\nFerall primer, Carew\n\nSummer Residence for Governor\n\nReport of Queen's College, 1897\n\n+ Supreme Court Review.\n\nReturns, 1897\n\nTelegraph Code for Storm Warnings\n\nDockyard Extension.\n\nConsul of Japan.\n\nCapital Sentence\n\nSharp's property.\n\nRisaburo Usono.\n\nExecution.\n\nSummer Residence for Governor\n\nDockyard Extension. Sharp's property\n\nPears Soap..\n\nFraudulent circulations\n\nSubsidiary Coins\n\nDockyard Extension. Sharp's property\n\nPolice Regulation.\n\n16\n\n63\n\n777\n\nJ.\n\nRitchie\n\n45\n\n19\n\nLean to\n\nMedical Examination\n\nMrs Jutcher\n\n46\n\n47\n\n49\n\n50\n\nSeant\n\nA\n\n25\n\n$3\n\nMah\n\n54\n\n56\n\nTel\n\nMemorials\n\nof\n\nW. Stanton and W. Zuincey\n\nJung Wa Hospital\n\nappointment\n\nReports\n\nMr P. Wodehouse\n\nObservatory, Communal Statistic Items. Fire Brigade.\n\nFund Naval & Military.\n\n1897\n\n1897\n\nResources\n\nReport on Victoria Gaol, 1897\n\nOrdinance II of 1898 (Prepared Open [peans] Amer\n\nLean to H. H. Gompertz\n\nDockyard and Extension. Sharpe's property\n\nOrdinance 21 1898 Naturalization of Wong Chuk Y.\n\n59\n\n60\n\n63\n\n64\n\n65\n\nRevenues 1897\n\nPlague\n\nEstimates 1898\n\nPolice Force\n\nMisdemeanour\n\n200\n\nAmerican Shipping\n\nDespatch No\n\n65\n\nDate\n\nSubject.\n\nII March\n\nPolice Force\n\n66\n\n67\n\nPlague\n\nChinese Currency and Immigration, 1897\n\n2", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-281 - Governor Sir Robinson & Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 369165, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-287 - Public Offices & Others - 1898", "page_number": 341, "title": "CO129-287 - Public Offices & Others - 1898", "content_text": "# Moniteur Belge 20 août 1898\n\n## C. O. 33219 3/4\n\n## MINISTÈRE DE L'AGRICULTURE ET DES TRAVAUX PUBLICS\n\n## SERVICE DE SANTÉ, HYGIÈNE PUBLIQUE ET VOIRIE COMMUNALE\n\n### Peste\n\n#### Mesures aux frontières de mer\n\n**Le Ministre de l'agriculture et des travaux publics,**\n\nVu l'arrêté royal du 5 avril 1897, prescrivant des mesures sanitaires relativement à l'importation et au transit des marchandises provenant de pays ou de circonscriptions territoriales déclarés contaminés de peste;\n\nVu spécialement les articles 5 et 6 de cet arrêté chargeant le Ministre de l'agriculture et des travaux publics de désigner les pays ou parties de pays à l'égard desquels le régime prévu par les articles 1er à 4 du dit arrêté sera rendu applicable et de régler les mesures à prendre dans les ports à l'égard des navires considérés comme infectés, suspects ou indemnes, au point de vue de la visite médicale, de l'isolement et de la désinfection;\n\nRevu l'arrêté ministériel du 3 janvier 1898;\n\nVu l'avis de la commission sanitaire de l'Escaut,\n\n**Arrête:**\n\nArt. 1. Les dispositions qui font l'objet des articles 1er à 4 de l'arrêté royal du 5 avril 1897, susvisé, sont rendues applicables aux provenances de la province du Bengale, de la partie de l'empire chinois, située au sud du 30 degré de latitude et de l'île de Formose.\n\nArt. 2. Ces provenances, arrivant par voie de mer, seront soumises à la station sanitaire de l'Escaut et dans les ports d'Ostende et de Nieuport, au régime stipulé par les chapitres II, III et IV du règlement sanitaire général annexé à la Convention sanitaire internationale de Venise, en date du 19 mars 1897.\n\nBruxelles, le 16 août 1898. Brussel,\n\n**LEON DE BRUYN**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-287 - Public Offices & Others - 1898.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 381537, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-306 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [8-9]", "page_number": 250, "title": "CO129-306 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [8-9]", "content_text": "DRAFT.\n\nF\n\nMINUTE.\n\n2. MT. 29/0/114\n\nMr. Antrobus.\n\nDr. Cha.\n\nMr. Lucas.\n\nDr. Graham.\n\n29\n\nMr. Ommanney.\n\nEarl of Onslow.\n\nMr. Chamberlain,\n\nBlake. Cal. 26.111\n\nTarhund,\n\nGov\n\n29909 Hongkong\n\nAnod $1445\n\nJust\n\n07\n\nthe Cuiq.\n\nof\n\nJam directed by hikes. Chambulans to forward for The Cars of the I. & Laundrin\n\na\n\nI copy of a telegram beed from the Gov` of Hong Kong and lifether with a copy of the atias to which that telegram refers\n\n2. M Chambuloni Courch allentum of the\n\nthat that blusher of thi fight with adva\n\nAlith fou\n\nmap\n\n10 is Entudly inaccurali;\n\nwould In glad\n\nand\n\nbe\n\nto be informed whither\n\nLaunsdowne aprec\n\nThis fiew and,\n\nui\n\nhis 'They would prefer that whether the F.O. will should\n\nA\n\nCommunali mehi Mahn Macmillan\n\nor mill Leanch to the C. 0.\n\ndo fo\n\n0.\n\nThan", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-306 - Governor Sir Blake - 1901 [8-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 388482, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4]", "page_number": 658, "title": "CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4]", "content_text": "and among whom the communal instinct seems to be absent. In \nthe absence of Police, even the presence of a crowd is no protection. Ladies have been robbed in the streets in the presence of several persons, not one of whom has attempted to interfere, and in the arrest or the pursuit of a thief, a Constable receives no assistance from onlookers directly or indirectly. It is therefore not to be expected that the proportion of undetected crime is large; but I am not satisfied that the arrangements made are all that could be desired, and the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police is at present considering proposals for improvement. Having regard to the condition of the Colony, I think it probable that a further increase in the strength of the Force, especially in Europeans, will be necessary.\n\n4.\n\nThe disturbed condition of the neighbouring Provinces, and the great distress in Kwang Si have also contributed to the increase of crime in Hongkong, to which numbers of loose characters are attracted. I have endeavoured to check this advent by using the power of banishment to return to China men who have been twice convicted and those known to be leading idle and vagabond lives, from whose ranks the thieves and robbers are recruited. The number of persons so deported was 311 in 1899; 249 in 1900; 283 in 1901; 177 in 1902; and 37 up to the present date of 1903.\n\n5.\n\nThe condition of the Chinese Contingent of the Force is unsatisfactory, and the extraordinary increase in the number of offences against discipline during the year is", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 407029, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906", "page_number": 325, "title": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906", "content_text": "Ko Kuam\n\nits register\n\nIf it' incites to the\n\nCammissia.\n\nKa\n\ncountry of acts\n\ncomed\n\nfriendly\n\nwhich\n\nIfences against the\n\nПрика\n\nColonial law, whether\n\nadi\n\ncut such acts are\n\nor are not communal\n\noffences\n\nwhere it i\n\nfurther\n\nIn the counts\n\nare committad\n\ncountry\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\n4. You suggest\n\nthan \"objection\n\nmight also be taken to\n\nthe provision sutmaking\n\nthe decision whether\n\nor wit the Company had been guilty of incitaments to commit crime to the Excution\n\ngovemment and not to\n\nthe\n\nJudicial\n\nTribunals\n\nof the Colary. This\n\nDRAFT.\n\nMINUTE.\n\nMr. Antrobus.\n\nMr. Cox.\n\nMr. Lucas.\n\nMr. Graham.\n\nSir M. Ommanney.\n\nMr. Churchill\n\nThe Earl of Elgin\n\nWB & L-6000-1-6\n\n5000-1-8\n\nSuggestion, harrover, appears to\n\nb based\n\nA\n\nmisaffs rekersin.\n\n319\n\nIf the proposed claused wne enanted, the Exoutine foramment commed merely take the preliminary\n\nstop of calling upon the Company\n\nCause\n\nto shew\n\nwhy it should\n\nnot b- struck off\n\nthu\n\nRegister: is. The Company Aportunity\n\nwmed ham an\n\nI skewing\n\ncause\n\ninfore the Suprame Court and it would I. for that Court.\n\ndecide whether\n\nsufficient cause\n\nto\n\nhad not hen shown. The judgment in\n\nthe\n\ncame\n\ncomed\n\nHere is the corrected version in HTML format as requested:\n\nKo Kwang\n\nits register\n\nIf it incites to the\n\nCommission.\n\nKa\n\ncountry of acts\n\ncommitted\n\nfriendly\n\nwhich\n\noffences against the\n\n...\n\nColonial law, whether\n\nsuch acts are\n\nor are not communal\n\noffences\n\nwhere it is\n\nfurther\n\nIn the country\n\nare committed\n\ncountry\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\n4. You suggest\n\nthat \"objection\n\nmight also be taken to\n\nthe provision submitting\n\nthe decision whether\n\nor not the Company had been guilty of incitements to commit crime to the Executive\n\ngovernment and not to\n\nthe\n\nJudicial\n\nTribunals\n\nof the Colony. This\n\nDRAFT.\n\nMINUTE.\n\nMr. Antrobus.\n\nMr. Cox.\n\nMr. Lucas.\n\nMr. Graham.\n\nSir M. Ommanney.\n\nMr. Churchill\n\nThe Earl of Elgin\n\nWB & L-6000-1-6\n\n5000-1-8\n\nSuggestion, however, appears to\n\nbe based\n\non a\n\nmisapprehension.\n\n319\n\nIf the proposed clause were enacted, the Executive government could merely take the preliminary\n\nstep of calling upon the Company\n\nto shew\n\nwhy it should\n\nnot be struck off\n\nthe\n\nRegister: i.e. The Company would have an\n\nopportunity\n\nof shewing\n\ncause\n\nbefore the Supreme Court and it would be for that Court.\n\nto decide whether\n\nsufficient cause\n\nhad not been shown. The judgment in\n\nthe\n\ncase\n\nwould", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 416961, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "page_number": 287, "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908", "content_text": "4\n\nbuoys to the Wan Tzu bank, and have placed additional buoys in the sea beyond Chi T'ou Shan,\n\n\"All these acts are flagrant breaches of the Treaty, and I have the honour to request that the Portuguese Minister be asked to put a stop to them.”\n\nI have the honour to remind your Excellency that the second Article of the 1887 Treaty between China and Portugal provided that \"so long as the delimitation of the boundaries is not concluded, everything in respect to them shall continue as at present without addition, diminution, or alteration by either of the parties.\" The Board have on several occasions protested against the repeated alterations made by Portugal in respect of the boundaries existing in 1887.\n\nThe facts now reported by the Viceroy at Canton that barracks are being constructed at Chin Ao (Colowan), that the Portuguese have on their own authority removed the buoys in the middle of the river between Macao and Wan Tzú and have placed other buoys in the sea off Chi Tou Shan are all contrary to Treaty,\n\nThe Viceroy at Canton is urging the Administration of Macao (Ao Mên Chêng Ting) to carry out their Treaty obligations, and I have now the honour to request that your Excellency will ask the Portuguese Government to at once put a stop to the construction of the barracks, remove the buoys, and refrain from arresting the oyster boats, so that the requirements of the Treaty may be complied with and friendly relations preserved.\n\nAwaiting the honour of a reply, I avail, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum by M. Brederode.\n\nPrince CHING.\n\nSON Excellence le Baron de Sendal est allé, le 21 Avril, au Wai-wu Pu et a demandé à son Excellence Mr. Lien Fang s'il était vrai que la Chine eût l'intention de mettre des soldats à Lappa. Son Excellence Lien Fang lui répondit catégorique-ment et à plusieurs reprises: \"Il n'y a rien ! Il n'y a rien de cela !\" Et pourtant, le 22, il y avait déjà des soldats Chinois à Lappa!\n\nAprès cela, toutes les fois que le Baron de Sendal est allé au Wai-wu Pu (le 28 Avril, le 1er Mai, le 5 Mai, et le 8 Mai) réclamer contre cette violation du statu quo et aussi contre ce débarquement de soldats à Vong-Cam, leurs Excellences Na Tong Yen Shih Kai et Lien Fang, ont toujours affirmé qu'ils n'en savaient rien, qu'ils allaient demander au Vice-roi de Canton s'il l'avait fait et pourquoi, &c.\n\nEt cela dure depuis le 21 Avril.\n\nL'Ile de Vong-Cam, comme celle de D. João (Macarira), a été toujours considérée comme dépendance de Macau (vide p. 69 du Livre Blanc de 1888).\n\nQuant à Lappa, Sir Robert Hart, dans une dépêche à Thomaz de Souza Rosa, négociateur du Traité de 1887, dépêche datée du 22 Septembre, 1887, lui disait: \"Je ne doute pas que la question de Lappa soit maintenant prise en considération\"; et dans le projet de Convention Fiscale, qui accompagnait cette dépêche, Sir Robert Hart insérait l'Article suivant (p. 13 du Livre Blanc)-\n\nL'Article 15. La Chine permet que le Portugal occupe, fasse usage, et gouverne l'île connue sous le nom de Lappa, dans laquelle les Portugais ont eu anciennement occupation, et aussi les deux îlots appelés Malaochas, proche de l'Ile de Lappa, et cette occupation, usage, et gouvernement de Lappa, et des deux îlots ne prendra fin que si le Portugal cesse de prêter son assentiment à cette présente Convention à propos de l'opium.\"\n\nIl est vrai que Sir Robert Hart, après, n'a pu maintenir cet Article. Mais il n'en est pas moins vrai qu'à cette date-là il nous trouvait le droit de posséder et de gouverner Lappa, reconnaissant que nous y avions déjà eu des résidences.\n\nLe 1er Mars, 1887, Mr. James Duncan Campbell communiqua à son Excellence le Ministre des Affaires Etrangères à Lisbonne un télégramme envoyé par Sir Robert Hart pour établir les bases du Traité. L'Article 2 porte: Reconnaissance par Traité de la perpétuelle occupation et gouvernement de Macau et ses dépendances par le Portugal.\n\n5\n\nSir Robert Hart confirme cet Article dans un télégramme du 20 Mars, 1887 (p. 45 du Livre Blanc).\n\nDans ces termes a été rédigé l'Article 2 du Protocole de Lisbonne du 26 Mars, 1887, que l'Article 2 du Traité confirme entièrement.\n\nQu'elles étaient ces dépendances? Le négociateur du Traité, Souza Rosa, l'a clairement dit au Tsong-li Yamên: \"L'Ile Verte, Taipa, D. João (Macarira), Colovane, et Vong-Cam, et, bien entendu, toutes leurs eaux territoriales, restant bien compris que la juridiction Portugaise du côté ouest de la Péninsule de Macau s'étend sur toutes les eaux jusqu'à la côte est de Lappa et au rocher Apo-Léac.\"\n\nNous ne ... Donc, Lappa n'a pas d'eaux territoriales Chinoises dans sa côte est. Nous avons jamais reconnu, et de fait nous avons toujours exercé pleine juridiction sur toutes les eaux du port intérieur de Macau. Ce qui prouve, semble-t-il, que Lappa doit être considérée sous l'influence Portugaise, puisque ses eaux sont sous notre juridiction.\n\nLe 27 Avril des soldats Chinois débarquèrent à Vong-Cam (Montanha) et y établirent des postes et y hissèrent un pavillon. Les habitants de Vong-Cam se considèrent sous notre juridiction. Ils demandent permission au Gouvernement de Macau pour exploiter les carrières de pierre et les parcs à huîtres, et payent l'impôt de ces permissions. C'est aux abattoirs de Colovane qu'ils apportent leurs pores pour qu'ils y soient abattus, payant là volontairement l'impôt et la taxe dus pour ce service. Il nous payent en outre la contribution (l'impôt). Leur Ti-fu (autorité communale) de Manio, élu par eux, demande toujours sa confirmation au Préfet de Taipa et Colovane. C'est les habitants de Vong-Cam et le Ti-fu qui demandent cette confirmation au Préfet Portugais de Taipa et Colovane. Et sans cette confirmation ils ne considèrent pas l'élection du Ti-fu comme valable. La municipalité Portugaise de Taipa et Colovane paye et maintient l'école de Manio dans l'Ile de Vong-Cam (Montanha). A Vong-Cam la Chine ne lève aucun impôt indirect ou direct. De même à D. João (Macarira). Dans cette dernière île c'est le Portugal qui a toujours dominé. Nous y avons la ladrerie (hôpital pour les lépreux) de Pac-Salam, que nous entretenons et payons. Ceci semble vraiment un incontestable document d'occupation et d'administration. Comme à Vong-Cam, les Ti-fus (Maires, ou quelque chose d'y approchant) de D. João (Macarira) sont aussi élus par le peuple, qui en demande égale-ment la confirmation au Préfet de Taipa et Colovane. De même les propriétaires des parcs à huîtres, des appareils de pêche, et des carrières de D. João (Macarira) nous demandent la permission de les exploiter, et nous en payent l'impôt. Leurs écoles dépendent de nous. Dans ces deux îles, Vong-Cam et D. João (Macarira) les populations se sentent tellement sous notre juridiction que spontanément ils ont demandé que, à l'instar de ce que nous avons fait à Colovane, nous les dotions avec des gardes de police rurale.\n\nLégation de Portugal, Pékin [non datée].\n\nInclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nMap of Macao.\n\n[Not printed.]\n\n0\n\n* Sie.\n\n284", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422580, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 609, "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\n(No. 190.) Sir,\n\nC.O. 607\n22029\n\n[June 14.]\n\nIRECR REG 2 JUL 09, SECTION 2.\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received June 14.)\n\nPeking, May 23, 1909.\n\nTHE negotiations regarding the status of the Russian railway settlements in Manchuria, the commencement of which I had the honour to report in my despatch No. 149 of the 9th April last, have resulted in the conclusion of an agreement, which was signed here on the 10th instant, and copy of which is enclosed herewith.\n\nAs a preliminary to the signature of this agreement an exchange of notes (copies enclosed) took place between Prince Ching and the Russian legation which are, so far as other nationalities are concerned, of more importance than the instrument itself, inasmuch as they formally recognise and safeguard the rights and privileges enjoyed by the subjects and citizens of all the treaty powers on the railway land.\n\nTo appreciate this latest development of the question it is necessary to pass its previous history in brief review. It will be remembered that under the agreement of the 5th September, 1896, Russia claimed the right of exclusive administration over the railway territory, and that in practice she exercised this right to such an extent that Harbin became to all intents and purposes a Russian town. The treaty between China and Japan of the 22nd December, 1905, opened Harbin and fifteen other places in Manchuria to foreign residence and trade, and made their status a matter of international interest. This interest, however, the Russian Government was slow to recognise, and it was not until the winter of 1907 that it began to realise the necessity of doing something to meet the objections of China and of some of the foreign Powers, notably the United States. M. Shipov, an ex-Minister of Finance, came to Harbin and spent some months in making an exhaustive study of the question on the spot.\n\nThis investigation, however, instead of facilitating the modification of policy desired by the Russian legation here, confirmed him in the belief that the bureaucratic attitude of St. Petersburgh could be maintained in spite of all opposition, and the result was the issue in February 1908 of a set of municipal regulations which ignored alike the sovereign rights of China and the interests of the treaty Powers.\n\nOwing to the conflict of views which prevailed at St. Petersburgh and the change of Russian Ministers here, these regulations remained largely a dead letter until the spring of the present year, when the question was brought to an acute issue by the Russian action in insisting on the payment of municipal taxes by the Chinese, and resorting to various forms of interference with residents of other nationalities. The railway authorities at last recognised that their position was untenable, and General Horvat was sent to Peking to make the present arrangement.\n\nThe first thing which strikes one in reading this preliminary agreement is that China has succeeded in asserting as a matter of principle her sovereign rights over the railway territory, and that is probably all she wished or hoped to achieve. As that was recognised, she was doubtless content to leave to the Powers the task of settling the details among themselves, knowing that she could always reckon upon support in resisting any exclusive Russian demands.\n\nRussia, on her part, had gained the formal consent of China to a system of municipal government which conforms to a large extent with existing procedure and is no doubt suited to Russian requirements. In this connection it must be remembered that provision had to be made not only for Harbin and other places where there is a large Russian commercial population, but for some twenty other points along the line where the Russian element is almost entirely connected with the railway. Article 6 therefore contemplates that in these smaller places the work of the municipality shall be carried on by a representative elected by the residents.\n\nIn the larger centres the machinery is much more complicated and is apparently based upon the Russian communal system. The residents are to elect an assembly...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429810, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-374 - Public Offices & Others - 1910", "page_number": 2, "title": "CO129-374 - Public Offices & Others - 1910", "content_text": "394\n\n62107\n\nFrom\n\nbale\n\nHong Kong 1910.\n\nVol. 10.\n\nSubject-\n\nPharmaceutical Say. 4 Jan Vacancy for Assist Analyst.\n\n6.4.4.\n\nAudit Office 13 & 20 25 Mercantile Bank of India. 21\n\nAudit Office Colonial Office 31 Parly Counsel.\n\nMiss C. & M. Leish.\n\nAudit Govt. loan issue.\n\nAudit of acct. of Postal Agencies in China. Scheme for tramway.\n\n2 Feb. Draft Electricity Supply Order. 1410.\n\nPharmaceutical Say 8\n\nHK. Shanghai Banking Corp. 22\n\nVacancy for Asst. Analyst & Apothecary.\n\nYouth: able issue.\n\nAnnual Stationery Office 18 hear. Printing of Communal Reports:\n\nAudit Office Post Office 6.4.A.\n\n2 Col. Railway accounts\n\nPostal Agencies in China.\n\n4 May Miss E. M. Leish.\n\nAudit Office 9 June Assist. Auditors.\n\n13. Report of Local Auditor, 1909.\n\nChina Assocn. 26 July. Opium Coupe.\n\nAudit office 28\n\nAccounting for cost of S. W. Stores.\n\nPost office 6 Aug Postal Agencies in China national Sory for Epileption 9 Sept. Case of G. G. layer.\n\nChartered Bk. of India * 28\n\nGovt. loan issue\n\nAudit Office 11 Oct: Account 1908.\n\nKew Gardens Post Office 14. Vacancy for Asst. Supt., Botanical & Forestry Dept. 7 Nov. Postal Agencies in China\n\nStationery Office 9. Claims for Septt. expenses.\n\nUnited Christian Appeal. 16\n\n18 Audit Office Post Office 21 Royal Humane Socy. 30.\n\nPost Office Kew Gardens Opium traffic.\n\nEstimated art of audit 1911. P.C. at Weihaiwei-\n\nLife saving by D. F. J. Gibson.\n\n10 Dec. Mails via Siberia.\n\n19 Asst: Supt., Botanical & Forestry Dept:\n\n19. Annual Account 1909.\n\nAudit Office 19", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-374 - Public Offices & Others - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 430110, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-374 - Public Offices & Others - 1910", "page_number": 302, "title": "CO129-374 - Public Offices & Others - 1910", "content_text": "Secretary of State for the Colonies,\n\nLord.\n\nThe Enclosed Memorial relates to Chinese Objection to Trade Freight Office Policy.\n\nI think it is an extensive matter.\n\nBut it affects the Colony in important ways.\n\nKing's College, Strand, W.C.2. May 13.\n\n13/10 295.\n\nPro 14 APR 10.\n\nOn this matter, the problem has widened. The Opium problem affects Communal relations.\n\nIt is a pressing question to be formed to tackle the problem.\n\nThe memorial is urgent.\n\nCharacter: it shows how the present Chinese Conscience is being moved.\n\nThe movement is slow.\n\nGiving full freedom is a problem.\n\nThe people will have to pay for it.\n\nThen China, like Singapore, is doing its best.\n\nI should like to express my gratitude.\n\nThe authorities are already doing their best. Derian's proposals? Hurriedly. Malicious.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-374 - Public Offices & Others - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 435028, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 442, "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "## 8\n\nI have had considerable correspondence with the Government of Burmah on the subject during the year, and the lieutenant-governor has expressed a desire to meet the Chinese on fair and reasonable terms if a satisfactory settlement could be reached. His Honour mainly desired from China a recognition of the claim that farmers who moved their domicile to Burmah should not by so doing forfeit the right to cultivate their original fields in China; in return for such recognition he expressed his readiness to admit that such trans-frontier cultivators should properly pay the customary land taxes to the sawbwas, and that, should they fail to do so, their land or their cultivation rights over the communal land should be subject to forfeiture. The Chinese, on the other hand, sought to secure the extinction of all rights of cultivation for people who were no longer domiciled in China. The question was complicated by the fact that in the Chinese Shan States there is an undoubted custom of communal tenure, the lands worked by the village belonging to the sawbwa, and so to his overlord, the Emperor of China. There were reasons for refusing to admit this claim in the sweeping form in which it was presented by China, but the expression of a definite opinion as to its validity has been as far as possible avoided, both in discussion and in the draft regulations which we have drawn up for the settlement of the question.\n\nAt intervals during the year I have considered this subject at interviews with the taotai and other officials, but we were unable to effect any settlement satisfactory both to the Governments of Burmah and Yunnan, and the subject was therefore brought up for discussion at the frontier meeting. In the meanwhile the Government of Burmah, hoping to clear the issues and to obtain more definite information in regard to these claims, consented to the request of the Chinese authorities that a cadastral survey should be made of all fields along the border line, either in Burmah or Yunnan, over which cultivation rights were claimed by trans-frontier farmers. The whole cost of this survey was borne by the Government of Burmah. One of the Chinese officers accompanying the party (the Lung-ling Ting) was dismissed from office for obeying the orders of the taotai and sealing the maps which were to serve as proof of the claims; the other (the assistant frontier deputy wang) offered every possible obstruction to the party, and on completion of the survey stated that the maps were incorrect. When the maps reached Tengyueh, and I asked the taotai if he would accept and seal them according to agreement, he repudiated them entirely, offering no reason for, or explanation of, his attitude. The question of the regulations and maps in cultivation were at this stage when we reached the meeting at Namkham.\n\nOn arrival at the frontier meeting I discussed the question at length with Mr. Thornton and Mr. Cabell, and a draft agreement was drawn up based on the recommendations of the lieutenant-governor, and conceding all that was possible to China in a generous and conciliatory spirit. On the draft being presented to the taotai he admitted the concessions, and stated, indeed, that he could find little to add to our draft; a few immaterial suggestions were made by him and were adopted at once. He stated, however, that he had no power to accept these regulations, to recognise the maps, or, indeed, to do anything towards a settlement in this long-standing and difficult question. He withdrew, however, his sweeping denunciation of the maps, and consented to outline specific lines along which he claimed that the maps were incorrect.\n\nAfter careful inquiry into his points it was found that they all hinged on one difficulty. At certain places along the frontier the boundary line followed the course of river beds, and was so described at the time of the boundary commission; in the course of the cadastral survey, however, it was found that these sandy river-beds had in many instances changed their course, thus absorbing some fields, and apparently placing others on the wrong side of the frontier. The survey party had adopted, as far as their information allowed, the line of the old river-beds as the correct boundary. We pointed out to the taotai that the actual course of the river-beds at the time of the boundary commission was a question of evidence, which could and should have been obtained from the villagers at the time of the survey; that a Chinese deputy accompanied the party mainly for this purpose, and that, if he had been dissatisfied with the line taken, he had his remedy in the evidence procurable on the spot; that he had not adopted this simple procedure; and that the Government of Burmah had thus been put to much unnecessary expense and annoyance. It is a fact, however, that the question is difficult and intricate, and that the deputy in question was utterly incompetent for the work; the actual facts, however, were put before the taotai so clearly at the frontier meeting that he certainly understood the points at issue. In spite of this he refused to accept the responsibility of arranging a settlement, and the questions of the regulations and maps in cultivation were in this position at the close of the meeting.\n\n## 9\n\n### Our Plans of Settlement\n\nI have endeavoured to outline clearly the case work and also the cultivation question at the frontier meeting, as the Chinese attitude towards both subjects is of more than passing interest, and is likely to occupy more of the attention of frontier officers as time goes on, and it is of importance that sound precedence should be established in these early years. Until two years ago the Yunnan Government had considered a handful of frontier commandants, of little or no official status, of sufficient importance to meet the representatives of Burmah, but it is clear that they now realise the importance of frontier affairs and the need for the attendance of responsible officers.\n\nThe Burmah officers had done their best to close the affairs of the present season with a clean sheet, and on the taotai's own admission they had shown a patience, a courtesy, and a desire for conciliatory settlement which was beyond his anticipation, and was certainly beyond his deserts. It was therefore with keen disappointment that we realised that the meeting had reached its close, and that the serious cases and the important questions of the year still remained unsettled.\n\nAfter consultation with Mr. Thornton and Mr. Cabell, we decided that the only possible way of forcing a settlement was by breaking up the meeting and by addressing a joint despatch to the taotai clearly defining his responsibility in leaving the frontier without effecting settlements, and the possibility of serious trouble among the border tribes which was threatened by his action. We indicated at the same time the fact that the responsibility of the Yunnan Government had been indicated by the Burmah Government's message to the Viceroy when requesting him to appoint a representative for the frontier meeting. A copy of our despatch is attached to this report (`Enclosure 1`). We left the frontier without any of the usual formalities or an exchange of calls, and the taotai immediately sent a verbatim report of our despatch to the Viceroy by telegraph. I am happy to be able to report that our action succeeded entirely in effecting the desired result, though the extraordinary change of front shown by the Yunnan Government would suggest that our efforts were aided by unexpected good fortune, and by circumstances which were beyond our control, whilst events appeared to indicate, though I had no direct evidence of the fact, that moral pressure had been brought to bear on the Viceroy through the Wai-wu Pu at Peking.\n\n### Unrest and Boycott at Tengyueh\n\nAfter leaving the Namkham meeting I hurried back to my post, and on arrival at Tengyueh I found a most unsatisfactory situation there. It appears that the taotai, whilst still at the frontier, had telegraphed to Yünnan-fu recommending an aggressive attitude in regard to British activity in the unadministered territory, and that the modern-drilled troops of the province had at once been mobilised, 1,000 men leaving Talifu in the direction of the border, whilst preparations were made to strengthen the depleted Tali garrison by a regiment from Yunnan-fu. The old troops from Tengyueh were being hurried into the Shan States, and all was ready for a demonstration on the frontier should it be necessary. In Tengyueh itself public feeling was greatly excited by distorted rumours of British action in the neighbourhood of Hpimaw (Pien-ma); the people were disturbed by the hurried movements of troops. Agitation had been worked up in regard to the acquisition of the new consulate site, and a boycott of British goods, not reported officially until some ten days after the event, had already been declared, though its incidence was fortunately postponed owing to the fact that business was suspended during the New Year holidays.\n\nI immediately sent for the sub-prefect (ting), who had been in charge of affairs during the taotai's absence, and informed him that the situation appeared to me to be very grave, that riots might be expected unless steps were taken to allay popular excitement, that I held him entirely responsible for having allowed things to reach so serious a pass, and that I should appeal to the Viceroy direct and take other definite measures unless the position changed within twenty-four hours. The local situation borrowed for a moment a certain humour from Chinese official tactics. The taotai received news on the same day that a considerable force of British troops was mobilising on the broad grassy plain at Lweje, a post actually on the frontier between Bhamo and Tengyueh, and he apparently decided that the moment had arrived when a careful policy was at last essential and a scape-goat must be found in case of need.\n\n*Not printed*\n\nPage 437", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 437440, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-389 - Governor Sir Lugard Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1912 [3-4]", "page_number": 96, "title": "CO129-389 - Governor Sir Lugard Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1912 [3-4]", "content_text": "There is a good deal more exception than rule about this presents business.\n\n2574. You the rule Exceptions proby that's about all it Dew. that S245 & refly are dissing\n\nThere is a Corne 8243 Are 25. offence & with disalewing Eastern communal in für wate by letter to hi F.L. ? Abswon (in he's ofthe carcer Hated in the dess. desp Per. 26 abonel In ...\n\nNeverthele excitemen Bala Кив Keep down practice Charl Confidentive sir, B CO 12144 Liece 20 APR 12\n\nGovernment House. 10th, March, 1912.\n\nI have just been informed by Mr Nowrojee Mody who tomorrow presents the University Buildings to the community of this Colony on behalf of his late father Sir Hormusjee Mody, that he proposes to present me with a silver model of them. I have also heard this afternoon that some of the leading Chinese in taking farewell of my wife propose to present \"a few articles to her as a slight token of their affection and esteem\". I am unaware of the nature of these articles, but as I have so frequently impressed upon the Chinese the absolute prohibition under the rules of the service against receiving any gifts, I do not suppose that they will be of any great intrinsic value.\n\n2. I have the honour to request your sanction to receive these articles. Should you consider it unadvisable to accord it I will return them and I have so informed the donors.\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE,\n\nL. V. HARCOURT. M.P.\n\nSECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIES.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-389 - Governor Sir Lugard Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1912 [3-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 439690, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]", "page_number": 182, "title": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]", "content_text": "179\n\nThere is no doubt that the better class of Chinese with a stake in the Colony endorse this view, that they consider the action of the Company and of the Government to be reasonable, and that they hope to see it brought to a successful issue. The opinions expressed by Sir Kai Ho Kai on the 27th instant may, I think, be regarded as typical of the views and attitude of the Chinese mercantile community, with the exception of the Californian Merchants.\n\n9. The measure now before you is the outcome of much and anxious thought, and while perhaps it may seem a somewhat drastic remedy for the disease I could devise no other immediate means of carrying the matter, as it must be carried, to a final conclusion. Owing to difficulties in collecting the special rate retrospectively I have decided to make it run from the 1st of January, and I am not without hopes that when the Chinese community find that the Government is determined to protect the Company the boycott may be abandoned.\n\nIf it is not, the levy of a special rate, for which there is precedent both here and in England, as the Attorney-General points out in his report, is not inconsistent with Chinese practice under which villages are subjected to a communal fine in cases in which no arrests have followed upon the commission of outrages in them or in their vicinity.\n\nI have the honour to be, Sir, Your most obedient, humble servant, Stewart Lockhart Acting Governor, &c..", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 439694, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]", "page_number": 186, "title": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]", "content_text": "10. Section 7 prescribes the penalty for offences against the provisions of the Ordinance and enables the confiscation of provocative matter to be ordered by a Magistrate when such is seized in the course of a prosecution.\n\n11. Section 8 gives power to a proper authority such as a Justice of the Peace or Magistrate to grant a search warrant to a police officer or other person expressly employed in connection with the enforcement of the provisions of the Ordinance armed with which he can enter premises where there may be reasonable cause for suspicion that there is to be found matter of provocative character and to seize such matter if discovered and to obtain its confiscation under the authority of a Magistrate.\n\nIn sections 13 and 14 of the Prevention of Crime (Ireland) Act 1882 a somewhat similar form of procedure was laid down in connection with inflammatory publications.\n\n12. Section 9 of the Ordinance makes provisions for the levy of a monetary rate in certain areas where it may be discovered that brothel-keeping is being actively propagated.\n\n– By subsection(1) power is given to the Governor-in-Council to proclaim any area a brothel-keeping area. To some extent a counterpart of this provision may be seen in section 23 of the Prevention of Crime (Ireland) Act 1882 and section 5 of the Criminal Law and Procedure (Ireland) Act 1887; but one finds also in other legislation, and notably where the levy of some form of communal rate is contemplated in connection with payment of compensation for malicious injury to property where the perpetrators are undiscovered, a similar form of proceeding: and a simple example of such is seen in the Hong Kong Ordinance No.10 of 1910 section 2, that Ordinance being designed to check the damage to trees on Crown Land.\n\n– By subsection(2) power is given to the Governor-in-Council to levy a special rate in such proclaimed area and by subsection(3) the details of such levy which must be contained...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 443839, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-402 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [7-8]", "page_number": 277, "title": "CO129-402 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [7-8]", "content_text": "# \nAmong \nthe Chinese, & in matters political \n**4 Commercial.** \n10 \nexplains \nthat deportation could not \nbe resorted to, if people implicated. \nMy despatch to the number \nomits \nC \nthat in the present \nthe Chinese \nupheld \na \nAct would have \neffect upon \nstatute which in certain disallowance of the \nMovement denying \nthe posting of \n269 \narticles \n4 \ninciting to boycott. to my para 7 \nThe \nshould \nheed to stop the attention of \nnotices inciting \nFat Shan case upheld \nthe dangers to be apprehended from \"declaring besetting to be practiced without restriction. Mr Ord would probably \nhave been ineffective, \nthough \nprinting of the fact. \na \nIn case \nfor \nk \n13 shows the \nCha \ngood \nyouth \nresults which have \nflowed from the Order. \nI certainly \nmake out \nthink that that offending \nexecution legislation, \nspecial \nlaw is \nbreaker. If \n# \nthe boycott was well-deserved \npresent continuance, it does not \nintolerable, it does not follow that it would \nnot \nthe \nopinion \nevery \nnet \nup \ninformability was accepted ( \nbe justified \n4 : \nRough the communal \nOrd 10 \nof 1910, \nwhich \nhad been used with much hesitation \nthere to wilfully \nthin \nA \nfood \nCare \ninjurious to risk that \n# \nthe provisions of \nno. \nwith regard \nkind is a \nis a greater \nthey might \nunsatisfactory \nthe Old are necessarily are, \nwithout serious ill-aspects, \nallowed to stand, without serious \nA \n• far \nthey what simply \nto the \n* offence \nprohibition a prevention of \"inciting to boycott (= mireiting to boycott)\". \"The jo \nin protary light \nin Kinking that deportation \nwould not have sufficed to stop the \ntrouble. Though he might well have tried \nthe experiment \npara 5.17. \n; \nit is fair clear for \nthat some \nfor the \ncheck kan \n\"that previous legislation \nWay \ntitolitant kan then \ntown, within arrangements \n* \nof solidarity among \nComm. to in \nar \nnecessarily \ndevice which can \npractice, it is not \"properly applies to Hong Kong itself. \nlog 1910 provide for \n101 \nsemi. \nAb.. \nv. judicial \nA rate. \npractic \nK \nexamine upon imposition of \nsame train, Rough in \nAt the same \nTak should have to infer, it cannot be said that the provision for it \nin unprecedented (sec \nespecially 518 (3) of the Prevention of Crime (Ireland) Act of 1882). I hit t", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-402 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [7-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 446313, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-407 - Public Offices & Others - 1913", "page_number": 295, "title": "CO129-407 - Public Offices & Others - 1913", "content_text": "Date\n\nName\n\nRank\n\nPuson\n\nAge of Service present\n\nAppointment\n\nules K. Well\n\nWarder\n\nBristol\n\nCoggins\n\nhea C. Edwards\n\nBrixton\n\n37\n\nD\n\n37\n\nFood\n\nEliam C. Bell\n\nmry Phillips\n\nIm B. Coates\n\nilliam Gunningham\n\nStrapital\n\n6666\n\nDr.\n\n36\n\n35\n\n17.1.06\n\n17.1.06 m.\n\n12.2.06\n\n122.06 m.\n\n1.12.05\n\nBrannies\n\ntangle.\n\n1·12.05 m.\n\n1.-12.00\n\n1.4-10-289\n\n1.2.01\n\n1·4-10 Dr.\n\n2·5.04\n\n1.8 12.\n\n45\n\n1.4.0814.0km.\n\n1.4.0811\n\n9.9.08\n\n156.10 m.\n\n156.10\n\nwarder.\n\nvace V. Barnes\n\nWasser Canterbury\n\n30\n\n2.8·09\n\n2·8.09 m.\n\nnd J. Aittimon\n\nnest Thompson\n\nCarlisle\n\nDurham\n\n44\n\n266\n\n17.6.95\n\n21.5 ou Widower\n\n1-Q241 | 112-11\n\nM.\n\nhn S. Marlen\n\n0:\n\n31\n\n10·2·11\n\n10.p.11\n\nmas W. Pickles\n\n30\n\n1-10-08\n\n1·10-08 |\n\nbut W. Thomes\n\ngold Ryder\n\nHereford Knutsford\n\n31\n\n1.4.09\n\n14.09|\n\n27\n\nacy Green\n\nliam A. Clark Nurse\n\nWarder Lancaster\n\n27\n\n1-12.10\n\n/-22-10\n\n2-10\n\n5-5-11\n\nm.\n\n34\n\n4·12.05\n\n4.12.00 M.\n\nmuel Robinson\n\nDr\n\n41\n\n5·4·04\n\n64·2\n\nM.\n\nIter A. Dixon\n\nLeeds\n\n35\n\n21.5.02\n\n1.6.10\n\nm.\n\npr 8. Gould\n\nliam H Crosby D\n\nulip Parker\n\nom A. South\n\nOr\n\nMaidstone\n\nNorthampton Pentonville Preston\n\n45\n\n13. P·00\n\n1·4·10\n\nM.\n\n16.091\n\n6.09\n\nm.\n\n19-10-08\n\n19-10.08 m.\n\nIL-10-08\n\n14-10-11\n\nM.\n\nlliam Parker\n\nmes Brown\n\nmas A. Lambert warder\n\nNurse Wakefield Warder\n\n(Baker)\n\n33\n\nM.\n\n33\n\n19-4-04|10-1-10)\n\nM.\n\nlles Pepperell\n\nOr\n\nWandsworth\n\n30\n\nank Butter\n\nCommunal\n\n46\n\n1.2.00\n\n1-2.09\n\n6.2.00\n\n21.2.11\n\nM.\n\nMr.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-407 - Public Offices & Others - 1913.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 451611, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914", "page_number": 538, "title": "CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914", "content_text": "## DRAFT\n\nBit. -40076/44\n\nThe 14th July\n\nCommunal Dept MINUTE & Press Note on 27/10\n\nMr. Cowell Hole 28.10.14\n\nMr. \nSir G. Fiddes.\nSir H. Just.\nSir J. Anderson,\nLord Emmott-Islington,\nMr. Harcourt.\n\nJs.\n\nA Kong Si\n\n24\n530\n\nBC Out in 28 Oct in further with regard to letter (No C)\n\n1st 16th Lost lance to meet you to refer to the letter from this Dept `[107/Secret]` to suggest that the Board of Trade should cause the Bradford Chamber of Commerce to inform that **mercy subjects in Hong Kong are not permitted to engage in trade at all**.\n\nAu", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 464899, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916", "page_number": 459, "title": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916", "content_text": "(146470)\n\nPage 363\n\n**COPY**\n\n**REC REG AUG 16**\n\n**LEGATION DE BELGIQUE**\n\n**A**\n\nNo. 7576\n\n3 Annexes,\n\n457\n\nLondres, le 26 Juillet 1916.\n\nMonsieur le Secrétaire d'Etat.\n\nLa Manufacture de Verres à Vitres, Glaces et Verres Spéciaux du Nord de Charleroi, m'a exprimé le désir de pouvoir exporter à l'adresse de la Hollanu China handelscompagnie à Shanghai et Hongkong, par l'entremise de M. Van Ommeren à Rotterdam, 2000 caisses de verres à vitres marquées \n\nH.C.H.C. Hongkong \nNo. 1001/2000 \nH.C.H.C. Shanghai \nNo. 1/1000 \n\nprovenant des usines de la Société Anonyme des Verreries des Ples à Dampremy.\n\nA l'appui de leur demande les intéressés m'ont fait parvenir les documents suivants que Votre Excellence trouvera sous ce pli: \n\n1) 2 certificats d'origine émanant de l'administration communale de Dampremy.\n2) un certificat de la Banque Belge pour l'Etranger déclarant que cet établissement a reçu instruction d'encaisser le montant du prix de la marchandise, soit £1487.10.0 et de ne pas s'en dessaisir durant l'occupation ennemie de la Belgique sauf autorisation spéciale des autorités britanniques.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 483494, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4]", "page_number": 306, "title": "CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4]", "content_text": "HONG KONG\n\nRES\n\n303\n\nCO\n\n24629\n\n24629 REL 18 MAY 20 1920 3 Mar. Exec. Council. Appt. of unofficial members.\n\nStates that an acting appt. becomes vacatory owing to the forthcoming departure of the chairman. This leaves no alternative but to appoint Mr. Pollock, as both unofficial members will be lawyers. Desirability of having a cross-section of the community. Recommends that unofficial members be increased to three.\n\nAt present the Majority act as a communal group.\n\nLast previous Paper. ...\n\nNext subsequent Paper. Gr 1652/1922/32(III)\n\nPage 26827\n\nAlso conf 22 June\n\nMr. Packet.\n\nApprove.\n\nWithers.\n\nCafp. 10/10.\n\nSee 26527\n\nPage 26828\n\n \nTEL. 26689-35 50,000 11/19, H. St. G. 122 41.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-460 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1920 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 488970, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 118, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "## 116 \n\n10 \n\nprobably will be argued that our effort to suppress opium in Chinese interests need not outrun the efforts of the Chinese authorities themselves. In a matter like this no doubt Yunnan may not practise what Peking preaches, and it is unquestionable that a great deal of cultivation goes on in Yunnan, and that some officials are making money out of opium. But to all arguments of this kind I would reply that the price of opium has risen in Namkham from Rs. 45 to Rs. 60 a viss in 1914 to Rs. 325 a viss at present, a price which has occasionally been exceeded: that the smuggling of opium to China has practically superseded smuggling to our plains districts, and that the Chinese are freely immigrating to British territory to grow opium. In the face of these facts I do not see how anyone can maintain that the Chinese effort has been a sham and its results illusory.\n\n16. In previous paragraphs of this letter I have alluded to repressive measures which have been enforced in the Sinlum Hill Tracts, and I would explain that since 1913 under executive orders given by Mr. Lewisohn opium grown in quantity exceeding domestic requirements has been regularly destroyed whenever found in the Sinlum Hill Tracts. In literal compliance with the orders referred to in paragraph 7 above directing that Chinese British subjects residing in the hill tracts should be dealt with on the same footing as members of hill-tribes the cultivations of Chinamen have been destroyed alike with those of Kachins. These orders (except as regards Chinese) have no legal basis, but have been carried out without opposition or contretemps. Circumstances have now changed, however, for whereas in former years it was possible to destroy a fair proportion (though nothing like the whole) of the crop, the great increase in cultivation now makes it impossible to deal with any but a small fraction, and this has accentuated the inequality of treatment inseparable from such methods. The Assistant Superintendent, Siulumkaba, whom I expressly consulted on this matter, is unable to deny that haphazard destruction causes irritation and annoyance, and admits that the absence of any unfortunate incident is attributed largely to the fact that he is universally known in the hills. I would add, what Mr. Scott is unable to say, that his personal influence is largely to be thanked for this fortunate result, and that I should be most unwilling to let any other officer follow the same course. Further, the Local Government has passed explicit orders, which are still in force, that every precaution should be taken against creating unrest in the hills. The position is clearly unsatisfactory, in view of the fact that such action has no sanction from the Local Government and in view of the much greater dimensions of the crop, and I have felt myself unjustified in maintaining the previous practice in its entirety. I have therefore directed the Assistant Superintendent not to destroy the crops of Kachins. In view of the entrance of the Chinese into the field, however, I have had no hesitation in instructing him to destroy opium cultivated by them. This is in accordance with the law and I am confident that it is justified by local conditions. A minor point is that the destruction of these crops, which involves arduous work, has to be carried out by the military police escorts of civil officers, and, apart from the dubious advisability of employing military police on such work, it would be necessary to strengthen the Assistant Superintendent's escort considerably if he were to carry out crop destruction wholesale as in previous years.\n\n17. For all the reasons indicated above, and as the war has now ended, I think that the time is now ripe for the Local Government to press to its conclusion the action which it contemplated in 1914, and I earnestly trust that this view will be accepted. The difficulties which have arisen are partly due to the ambiguous attitude of the Government which has never as yet authorised definite measures to prohibit cultivation and possession. I have no doubt that, if the order of Government is once given, the Sinlum Hills Kachins will loyally accept it, and the danger of disaffection is negligible. In any case, I consider that the risk of trouble will be no greater if a definite line is taken and made public in the hills than has been the case in the past. In this view, the Assistant Superintendent, Sinlumkaba, concurs. This is apart from the consideration that I do not feel justified in carrying on widespread destruction of opium without the Local Government's orders.\n\n18. A very substantial new element has now, however, entered into the case in the shape of the widespread cultivation in the Northern Shan States. As I have shown above, this is having serious economic results which affect the people of the Sinlum Tracts and it would come hard on them to deprive them of an easy source of wealth without doing anything to reduce the prices of necessary articles. Moreover, it would be unfair, and would certainly strike them as unfair, to prohibit them from cultivating opium if Kachins, Shans, and Chinese were allowed to continue to do so in the Northern Shan States next door. Much though I would rather not complicate the problem, therefore, I feel bound to mention these points and to express the view that if possible the Northern Shan States adjoining Bhamo should be dealt with on the same footing as the Bhamo Kachin Hill Tracts.\n\n19. My present object in addressing you is that the question in these wider aspects may be again brought under the consideration of the Local Government, and that the instructions which I have given, as described in paragraph 16 above, may be confirmed. I would recommend that except for action within these narrow limits, no attempt should be made to deal with the problem of the crop which will ripen in March and which is likely (unfortunately) to be a very good one. The measures which, I hope, will be taken, should come into operation only with regard to next year's crops and that as long notice beforehand as possible should be given of these measures. The Superintendent, Northern Shan States, to whom I have mentioned the matter, is also strongly of this opinion. If these general recommendations are accepted, I would respectfully ask that I may be given an opportunity of expressing my views as to the definite action to be taken with effect from next year to carry out the policy of prohibition. I am aware that Mr. Lewisohn submitted definite proposals with this object as long ago as 1914, but I am personally of the opinion that, at least as regards cultivation, we must invoke the principle of communal responsibility if we are to succeed, and I should like to have the opportunity of re-examining the former proposals with that object in view. In any case, it seems advisable to avoid adding a discussion of these questions to this letter which is primarily concerned with questions of general policy which affect the Northern Shan States as well as Bhamo.\n\n## ANNEX 2\n\n**Note, dated May 28, 1919, by Messrs. Stirling and Thornton**\n\nThe difficulty of dealing with this question has greatly increased since 1914, when we submitted a joint report on the subject. At that time the export of opium to Yunnan was from the Northern Shan States and the unadministered Wa country; Siam and French Indo-China absorbed the surplus of Kengtung; the production of the Southern cis-Salween States was small and was consumed locally. The position now is entirely different. Siam and French Indo-China no longer offer a legitimate market; after local needs have been provided for, the whole surplus of the Shan States (north and south) is available for export to Yunnan, and the extravagant prices paid by Yunnanese merchants have attracted it to that province.\n\n2. High prices have led to a great extension of cultivation and a largely increased outturn. The old opium-producing circles produce more than they even did before, and opium-growing is now an important industry in wide areas where it was formerly unknown. In every way the problem is more difficult and complex than it was five years ago. The course which we recommended in 1914 might have met the situation then, but would not be practicable now.\n\n3. As something must be done to carry out our obligations to China, we think the first step should be towards control and restriction of cultivation, dealing first with cultivation west of the Salween. We should like to recommend prohibition of cultivation in all the cis-Salween States, but there are so many areas where it is the sole, or the main, source of livelihood of the people that we hesitate to propose such a drastic measure. We think, however, that total prohibition here is the end to be aimed at. We suggest that notice be given that Government intends to control the output of opium after two years; that a large reduction will be insisted on; and that no one will be allowed to cultivate the poppy except under licence, which will be granted only in special circumstances. We think that two years' notice should be given because the people must have time to turn to the cultivation of food grains, because special officers must be appointed and must carefully select the areas where licences shall be granted; and because we think action should be deferred till after 1921, on account of the census.\n\nThe principle to be followed is total prohibition wherever this is practicable. In many places, poppy cultivation is only a subsidiary (though lucrative) industry; in many places it is of recent introduction; in many places the cultivators are recent immigrants from China. In all these cases, prohibition could be enforced without undue hardship, and the result would be to restrict and localise areas where cultivation was still permitted.\n\n11", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 491647, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-474 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [1-4]", "page_number": 188, "title": "CO129-474 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [1-4]", "content_text": "both himself\n\nMin\n\nwith 4\n\nAin dispersant\n\nSoft if he Churchill that\n\nhim at\n\nlive any\n\non this subject.\n\ndistribute the lit an\n\nIt is also\n\n1/\n\nWhen then\n\n187\n\nin addition to the above action\n\nthe slip has\n\nWhen then tila\n\nw\n\n... \n\nDemol\n\nour perfond\n\nbe communald\n\nbefore,\n\nbut in odu\n\n$th\n\nfame Kat\n\nThe conson\n\nthe watter doen woh\n\n716\n\nfall into abergare.\n\ncopy of\n\nIn Sear\n\nwe might send\n\nall the acount bila to\n\n1\n\nIan Who saying that they\n\nhave already were\n\nthat we\n\nMen\n\nRückfahmück\n\nunderstand Katt\n\ntoo made inferantation\n\nto WD since his return from K. as to\n\nthe gravity of the situation in Hard.\n\nChain & the head\n\nfor a large minan\n\nof the freant jameson & that we\n\nbe glad to have the carly stoori),\n\nA on the present\n\nsetuation\n\n& cops.\n\nto lean Santher Hey perfose to late the initiative in bringing the matin before the BDC.. And include cassy of\n\nour better in sending this bit £70.\n\nFM., ONL\n\nDMC\n\n2 15.5/h will wearing\n\nyou through fin A Sinclair!\n\nbut with wo\n\n676 Cabrist.\n\nfor J. Chancellor to see as from\n\naction in laten.\n\nAEC\n\n17/3/22\n\nAs proposed, but we\n\nshould have the\n\nConsidered vicios\n\nsufficiency of\n\nZ\n\nGovendis\n\nFL\n\nthis Sarrians\n\n& the proposal to inseaw\n\nit before the matter comes formally before\n\nO.A.C.? The Legians should\n\ngo\n\nto the Cabinet, but (for) The letter to the War\n\nOffice, substitute a\n\nlete gram to the Governo.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-474 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [1-4].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 500222, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7]", "page_number": 626, "title": "CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7]", "content_text": "## THE CORONET \n\n### THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, JULY 10TH\n\nThurs. to Sat., July 9th to 11th, at 2.30, 5.15, 7.15 and 9.15 \n\nWILLIAM DESMOND IN \"STRAIGHT THROUGH\" \nWANDA WILEY IN \"GETTING TRIMMED.\" \nOUR OWN TOPICAL.\n\n## QUEEN'S THEATRE\n\nTo-day at 5.15 p.m. and 9.15 p.m. \nLON CHANEY IN \"THE NIGHT ROSE\" IN SIX PARTS. \nSaturday, July 11th. \nLILLIAN GISH IN \"THE WHITE SISTER\" IN ELEVEN PARTS. \nTO-DAY TILL SUNDAY. At all Shows. \nWILLIAM DUNCAN AND EDITH JOHNSON IN \"THE FIGHTING GUIDE\" (IN SEVEN REELS), \nADDED ATTRACTION: \"A GAME LADY\" (COMEDY IN TWO REELS) AND TOWN TOPICS.\n\n## WORLD THEATRE NOTICE\n\n#9 \nWe beg to advise our Customers that we are well Stocked in all lines of various French Provisions. We have recently Received Large and Well Selected New Stocks. \nCome and Select your Menu from us \nMAGASIN GÉNÉRAL, The Corner Shop, Phone 3312. Beaconsfield Arcade.\n\n## [101 \nTHE NAME MOUTRIE ON A PIANO IS A GUARANTEE OF RELIABILITY. \nEASY TERMS ARRANGED. \nS. MOUTRIE & CO., LTD., CHATER RD.\n\n| Ad | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 117 | CABLES. EARLIER CABLES THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY. |\n\n## POWERS AND CHINA. PROFUSION OF QUESTIONS IN COMMONS\n\nLONDON, July 8th. In the House of Commons at question time Mr. Austen Chamberlain declared that no proposal for severance of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Government was under consideration by His Majesty's Government. The Diplomatic Body at Peking was considering a joint reply to the fourteen points contained in the Chinese Government's note. He was not aware of any conflict of opinion between the Powers with regard to the reasonableness of the demands.\n\nMr. Beckett declared that the American Press widely stated that the American representatives were willing to accept, but that the British delegates were holding out. Mr. Chamberlain deprecated being called upon to answer questions with regard to information supplied by the different presses of the world, and emphasised that he was not aware of any conflict between the different Governments.\n\nReplying to Mr. George Lansbury, Mr. Chamberlain said that Russia was not represented on the Commission of Enquiry at Shanghai because Russia was not one of the Treaty Powers.\n\nReplying to Mr. Robinson, he said that no proposals had been received from the Government of the United States for convening an International Conference for the purpose of removing the special privileges of certain nationals in the treaty ports of China and giving the Chinese nation unrestricted control of the import duties.\n\nReplying to Mr. Ammon he said that the Government was not prepared to follow the example of Germany, Austria, and Russia by renouncing extra-territorial privileges in China. Pending the result of the present consultations between the Treaty Powers he was not in a position to add anything to his statement of July 1st.\n\n## GERMAN LOANS. UNPOPULAR DECISION BY THE REICHSTAG\n\nBERLIN, July 8th. The Committee of the Bourse has decided to close the Exchange to-day, as a protest against the decision of the Revaluation Committee of the Reichstag to differentiate between old and new holders of paper mark State Loans and grant the latter revaluation only 2 per cent., compared with 12.5 per cent. for old holders.\n\nAll other German exchanges closed also. Bankers and financiers generally are of opinion that it will be possible to parry out much differentiation and anticipate that German securities abroad will be adversely affected thereby.\n\nThe Bourse Committee consider that such a differentiation will destroy confidence in German loans. The Committee decreed that until further notice, quotations of the loans of the Reich and Federal States and towns be struck out of the list.\n\n## THE SUBMARINE CABLE. INTERESTING FILM SHOWN IN LONDON\n\n## SWATOW AFFAIRS. COMMUNAL KITCHEN IN KAKCHIOH\n\n[FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.] There has been boycott of British trade since July 1st. The office staffs of all British concerns left on July 4th and the crews of all British motor-boats are on strike. Europeans, however, are in many cases keeping the motor-boats going.\n\nBeyond the attempt to interfere with trade everything is quiet and there have been no attacks on foreigners other than those reported previously.\n\nA communal kitchen is being maintained in Kakchioh and provides two meals daily for the twenty residents there. H.M.S. Bluebell makes all the bread for them and the bluejackets have been doing some of the washing and assisting in the preparation of the meals ashore.\n\n## SEARCHERS FILMED. TO BE USED AS CHINESE PROPAGANDA?\n\nSpecial Constable Smith, who was in charge of a squad of Sikhs searching vehicles on Thibet Road, Shanghai, is wondering whether the police activities, which drew a large crowd on this occasion, are to be featured in some Chinese film drama or will be used for propaganda showing the foreigners' interference with the rights of Chinese in the Foreign Settlement, says the Peking and Tientsin Times.\n\nAs the foreign constable and his men were holding up some rickshas, a motor, the number 4743, came upon the scene. The driver promptly put on the brakes, and calmly sat back in his seat and watched events while the occupants of the car proceeded to film it! Before the amazed constable could inquire of the motorists as to what their intentions were, the car drove off again.\n\n## HOME CRICKET. OXFORD v. CAMBRIDGE\n\nLONDON, July 8th. The inter-Varsity match, Oxford against Cambridge, played at Lords, was drawn. Oxford batted first and made 350, Stewart Brown scoring 56 and Guise 58. Cambridge then went in and made 409, the principal scorers being Duleep Sinhji 75, Crawley 98 and Enthoven 129. The last-named player scored 104 last year and has thus equalled William Yardley's inter-Varsity record of scoring two centuries. Yardley's centuries were made in 1870 and 1872. Oxford's second innings had produced 214 for six wickets when time was called, Brown scoring 69, and Holmes 60 not out.\n\n## SINGAPORE BASE PROGRESS\n\nLONDON, July 8th. In the House of Commons, replying to Commander Kenworthy, Mr. Bridgeman described the progress of work on the new dockyard at Singapore in preparation for dredging work for the berth of the floating dock on arrival of the dredging fleet in November.\n\n## FIGHTING IN MOROCCO. RIFFS PREPARING OFFENSIVE\n\nLONDON, July 8th. \nPARIS, July 8th. \"The Romance of the Submarine Cable,\" a film illustrating the fascinating story of the manufacture, laying, repair, and everyday work of the cable, was exhibited by the Eastern Associated Telegraph Companies after luncheon at the Savoy Hotel presided over by the Vice-Chairman, Mr. J. C. Denison Pender.\n\nA message from Fez says the French evacuated two advanced posts after destruction of defences northward of Wezzan. A later despatch reports that the Riffs mustered ten thousand rifles in the Wergha region where they are endeavouring to win over tribes. The enemy is apparently aiming at a new and intensified offensive against Fez from the north to the south.\n\nThe film gives many instances of the everyday life of the Eastern Company's staff ashore and afloat, and the complicated machinery employed for covering the core of the cable is shown in all its processes.\n\n## THE COAL CRISIS. MR. BALDWIN HOPEFUL\n\nLONDON, July 8th. In the House of Commons, questioned regarding the coal crisis, Mr. Baldwin said that he thought it was clear that the possibilities for negotiation were not yet exhausted, and appealed to both sides to explore every opportunity for a settlement.\n\nHe disagreed with a Labour member who declared that the deadlock was complete.\n\n## FLYING RECORDS\n\nAMSTERDAM, July 8th. Mynheer Grase, the chief of the scientific section of the Fokker aeroplane works, flew a standard Fokker D.XIII machine of 450 h.p., with Napier Lion engine, 100 kilometres at an average speed of 260 kilometres per hour, and 200 kilometres at an average speed of 265 per hour, with a load of 500 kilogrammes. These feats are believed to be world's records.\n\n## 'SOCCER IN AUSTRALIA. ENGLISH TOURISTS WIN AGAIN\n\nNEWCASTLE, New South Wales, July 8th. The English Association Football team beat Newcastle by 3 goals to 1.\n\n## FRANCO-SIAMESE TREATY\n\nPARIS, July 8th. The Foreign Affairs Committee of the Chamber adopted a report concluding in favour of the ratification of the Franco-Siamese Treaty.\n\n## FALL FROM WINDOW. BEAUTIFUL BARONESS KILLED AFTER DANCE\n\nNEW YORK, July 8th. Baroness Helen Zurmuehlen, who is understood to have come from Java, fell early this morning from her seventh floor apartment at the Ritz-Carlton Hotel and was killed. The accident was apparently due to the heat wave. The Baroness had been dancing and had stepped to the window to get a breath of air, when her friends were horrified to see her topple over and fall to the roof of the Japanese garden far below. Her diamond ear-rings were dashed from their settings as she fell. She should have sailed on the Berengaria to-day to join her husband who is believed to be in the Dutch diplomatic service. Prior to her marriage, the Baroness was the beautiful Miss Helen Carruthers, of San Antonio.\n\n## U.S. HEAT WAVE. NINE DEATHS IN TWO DAYS\n\nNEW YORK, July 8th. The East United States are in the grip of a heat wave from which at least nine deaths have taken place in two days. Violent thunderstorms have only temporarily relieved the sweltering millions. The temperature at Washington yesterday was 105 degrees Fahrenheit.\n\n## SAAR BASIN LOAN\n\nNEW YORK, July 8th. The complete success is announced of the four million dollar seven per cent. Saar Basin Loan, offered here and at Chicago at $97.\n\n## LANE, CRAWFORD, LTD.\n\nL. C's are clearing out their stock of Aertex Underwear at reduced prices - $3.00 per Garment.\n\n## GAUNTIE HATS. HOSE AND SOCKS\n\nThe Ideal Hat for Sportsmen. Price $7.50 \nThe Ideal Summer Sock-Light Weight-Silk Mixture in Drab Brown and Grey Shades. $1.75 Pr. \n6 Prs. $10.\n\n## GENTLEMEN'S OUTFITTERS. LANE, CRAWFORD, LTD.\n\nGOLF HOSE and KHAKI SHORTS.\n\n## E. MERCK, Darmstadt. WORKS CHEMICAL ESTABLISHED 1668\n\n\"MERCK'S\" Products are second to none for Purity and Reliability. \nSole-Agents:-BORNEMANN & Co., HONGKONG, ASIATIC BUILDING. C. 4567\n\n## NEVER GOES ON STRIKE! THE DECCA\n\n$35.00 AT ANDERSON'S. EXCLUSIVE AGENCY FOR VAN RAALTE MILANESE \nVests $6.25 & $8.25 ea. O.S. $6.50 & $8.50 ea. \nKnickers to match $8.25 $8.50 $11.00 \nTeddies $8.50 $11.00 $11.00 \nSILK UNDERWEAR. \nA New Delivery of White Dresses Just Received. 600", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 500247, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7]", "page_number": 651, "title": "CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7]", "content_text": "## THE CORONET \n\n**THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, JULY 10TH, 1925** \n\nThurs. to Sat., July 9th to 11th, at 2.30, 5.15, 7.15 and 9.15 \n\n**WILLIAM DESMOND** \nin \n\"STRAIGHT \nTHROUGH” \nand \n**WANDA WILEY** \nin \n“GETTING TRIMMED.” \nOur own topical. \n\n**QUEEN'S THEATRE** \n\n66 \n\nTo-day at 5.15 p.m. and 9.15 p.m. \n**LON CHANEY** \nin \n\"THE NIGHT ROSE” \nin six parts. \n\nSaturday, July 11th. \n**LILLIAN GISH** \nin \n\"THE WHITE SISTER\" \nin eleven parts. \n\nTO-DAY TILL SUNDAY, At all Shows, \n**WILLIAM DUNCAN** \nand \n**EDITH JOHNSON** \nin \n\"The Fighting Guide\" \n(in seven reels), \nAdded Attraction :- \n“A Game Lady\" \n(comedy in two reels) \nand \nTown Topics. \n\n**WORLD THEATRE** \n\nNOTICE. \n89 \n\nWe beg to advise our Customers that we are well stocked in all lines of various French Provisions. We have recently received large and well-selected new stocks. Come and select your menu from us \n\n**MAGASIN GÉNÉRAL**, \nThe Corner Shop, \nPhone 3312. \nBeaconsfield Arcade. \n\nThe name **MOUTRIE** on a piano is a guarantee of reliability. Easy terms arranged. \n**S. MOUTRIE & CO., LTD.**, Chater Rd. \n\n[CABLES. EARLIER CABLES THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.] \n\n## POWERS AND CHINA. \n\nPROFUSION OF QUESTIONS IN COMMONS. \n\nLONDON, July 8th. In the House of Commons at question time Mr. Austen Chamberlain declared that no proposal for severance of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Government was under consideration by His Majesty's Government. The Diplomatic Body at Peking was considering a joint reply to the fourteen points contained in the Chinese Government's note. He was not aware of any conflict of opinion between the Powers with regard to the reasonableness of the demands. \n\nMr. Beckett declared that the American Press widely stated that the American representatives were willing to accept, but that the British delegates were holding out. Mr. Chamberlain deprecated being called upon to answer questions with regard to information supplied by the different presses of the world, and emphasised that he was not aware of any conflict between the different Governments. \n\nReplying to Mr. George Lansbury, Mr. Chamberlain said that Russia was not represented on the Commission of Enquiry at Shanghai because Russia was not one of the Treaty Powers. \n\nReplying to Mr. Robinson, he said that no proposals had been received from the Government of the United States for convening an International Conference for the purpose of removing the special privileges of certain nationals in the treaty ports of China and giving the Chinese nation unrestricted control of the import duties. \n\nReplying to Mr. Ammon he said that the Government was not prepared to follow the example of Germany, Austria, and Russia by renouncing extra-territorial privileges in China. Pending the result of the present consultations between the Treaty Powers he was not in a position to add anything to his statement of July 1st. \n\n## GERMAN LOANS. \n\nUNPOPULAR DECISION BY THE REICHSTAG. \n\nBERLIN, July 8th. The Committee of the Bourse has decided to close the Exchange to-day, as a protest against the decision of the Revaluation Committee of the Reichstag to differentiate between old and new holders of paper mark State Loans and grant the latter revaluation at only 2 per cent., compared with 5 per cent. for old holders. \n\nAll other German exchanges closed also. \n\nBankers and financiers generally are of opinion that it will be impossible to carry out such a differentiation, and anticipate that German securities abroad will be adversely affected thereby. \n\nThe Bourse Committee consider that such a differentiation will destroy confidence in German loans. The Committee decreed that until further notice, quotations of the loans of the Reich and Federal States and towns be struck out of the list. \n\n## THE SUBMARINE CABLE. INTERESTING FILM SHOWN IN LONDON. \n\nLONDON, July 8th. \"The Romance of the Submarine Cable,\" a film illustrating the fascinating story of the manufacture, laying, repairing, and everyday work of the cable, was exhibited by the Eastern Associated Telegraph Companies after a luncheon at The Savoy Hotel presided over by the Vice-Chairman, Mr. J. O. Denison Pender. \n\nThe film gives many instances of the everyday life of the Eastern Company's staff ashore and afloat, and the complicated machinery employed for covering the core of the cable is shown in all its processes. \n\n## THE COAL CRISIS. \n\nMR. BALDWIN HOPEFUL. \n\nLONDON, July 8th. In the House of Commons, questioned regarding the coal crisis, Mr. Baldwin said that he thought it was clear that the possibilities for negotiation were not yet exhausted, and appealed to both sides to explore every opportunity for a settlement. \n\nHe disagreed with a Labour member who declared that the deadlock was complete. \n\n## FLYING RECORDS. \n\nAMSTERDAM, July 8th. Mynheer Grase, the chief of the scientific section of the Fokker aeroplane works, flew a standard Fokker D.XIII machine of 450 h.p., with a Napier Lion engine, 100 kilometres at an average speed of 266 kilometres per hour, and 200 kilometres at an average speed of 265 per hour, with a load of 500 kilogrammes. These feats are believed to be world's records. \n\n## 'SOCCER IN AUSTRALIA. \n\nENGLISH TOURISTS WIN AGAIN. \n\nNEWCASTLE, New South Wales, July 8th. The English Association Football team beat Newcastie by 3 goals to nil. \n\n## FRANCO-SIAMESE TREATY. \n\nPARIS, July 8th. The Foreign Affairs Committee of the Chamber adopted a report concluding in favour of the ratification of the Franco-Siamese Treaty.--Reuter. \n\n## SWATOW AFFAIRS. \n\nCOMMUNAL KITCHEN IN KAKCHIOH. \n\n[FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.] There has been a boycott of British trade since July 1st. The office staffs of all British concerns left on July 4th and the crews of all British motor-boats are on strike. Europeans, however, are in many cases keeping the motor-boats going. \n\nBeyond the attempt to interfere with trade everything is quiet and there have been no attacks on foreigners other than those reported previously. \n\nA communal kitchen is being maintained in Kakchioh and provides two meals daily for the twenty residents there. H.M.S. `Bluebell` makes all the bread for the bluejackets have been helping them and doing some of the washing and assisting in the preparation of the meals ashore. \n\n## SEARCHERS FILMED. \n\nTO BE USED AS CHINESE PROPAGANDA? \n\nSpecial Constable Smith, who was in charge of a squad of Sikhs searching vehicles on Thibet Road, Shanghai, is wondering whether the police activities, which drew a large crowd on this occasion, are to be featured in some Chinese film drama or will be used for propaganda showing the foreigners' interference with the rights of Chinese in the Foreign Settlement, says the `Peking and Tientsin Times`. \n\nAs the foreign constable and his men were holding up some rickshas, a motor car, No. 4743, came upon the scene. The driver promptly put on the brakes, and calmly sat back in his seat and watched events while the occupants of the car proceeded to film it! Before the amazed constable could inquire of the motorists as to what their intentions were, the car drove off again. \n\n## HOME CRICKET. \n\nOXFORD v. CAMBRIDGE. \n\nLONDON, July 8th. The inter-Varsity match, Oxford against Cambridge, played at Lords, was drawn. Oxford batted first and made 350, Stewart Brown scoring 56 and Guise 58. Cambridge then went in and made 409, the principal scorers being Duleep Sinhji 75, Crawley 98 and Enthoven 129. The last-named player scored 104 last year and has thus equalled William Yardley's inter-Varsity record of scoring two centuries. Yardley's centuries were made in 1870 and 1872 Oxford's second innings had produced 214 for six wickets when time was called, Brown scoring 69, and Holmes 68. \n\n## SINGAPORE BASE PROGRESS. \n\nLONDON, July 8th. \n\nIn the House of Commons, replying to Commander Kenworthy, Mr. Bridgeman described the progress of work on the new dockyard at Singapore in preparation for dredging work for the berth of the floating dock on arrival of the dredging fleet in November. \n\n## FIGHTING IN MOROCCO. \n\nRIFFS PREPARING OFFENSIVE. \n\nPARIS, July 8th. A message from Fez says the French northward of Wezzan evacuated two advanced posts after the removal of stores and destruction of defences. A later despatch reports that Riffs mustered ten thousand rifles in the Wergba region where they are endeavouring to win over tribes. The enemy is apparently aiming at a new and intensified offensive against Fez from the north to the south. \n\n## FALL FROM WINDOW BEAUTIFUL BARONESS KILLED AFTER DANCE. \n\nNEW YORK, July 8th. Baroness Helen Zurmuhlen, who is understood to have come from Java, fell early this morning from her seventh-floor fashionable apartment at the Carlton Hotel and was killed. \n\nThe accident was apparently due to the heat wave. The Baroness had been dancing and had stepped to the window to get a breath of air, when her friends were horrified to see her topple over and fall to the roof of the Japanese garden far below. Her diamond ear-rings were dashed from their settings as she fell. She should have sailed on the `Berengaria` to-day to join her husband who is believed to be in the Dutch diplomatic service. Prior to her marriage, the Baroness was the beautiful Miss Helen Carruthers, of San Antonio. \n\n## U.S. HEAT WAVE. NINE DEATHS IN TWO DAYS. \n\nNEW YORK, July 8th. The East United States are in the grip of a heat wave from which at least nine deaths have taken place in two days. \n\nViolent thunderstorms have only temporarily relieved the sweltering millions. The temperature at Washington yesterday was 105 degrees Fahrenheit. \n\n## SAAR BASIN LOAN. \n\nNEW YORK, July 8th. The complete success is announced of the four million dollar seven per cent. Saar Basin Loan, offered here and at Chicago at $97. \n\n| Ad | Price |\n| :------------- | :-------- |\n| Aertex Underwear | $3.00 per Garment |\n| Hat (Fine Soft Felt) | $7.50 |\n| Ideal Summer Sock | $1.75 Pr. |\n| Holeproof Socks | 6 Prs. $10 |\n| Golf Hose and Khaki Shorts | - |\n\n**LANE, CRAWFORD, LTD.** \nGentlemen's Outfitters.\n\n\"MERCK'S\" Products are second to none for Purity and Reliability. \nSole-Agents:-**BORNEMANN & Co.**, HONGKONG, ASIATIC BUILDING. \n\n## DECCA \n\n$35.00 at **THE DECCA** and **ANDERSON'S**. \n| Item | Price |\n| :------------ | :---------- |\n| Powell Vests | $6.25 & $8.25 ea. O.S. $6.50 & $8.50 ea. |\n| Knickers to match | $8.25 |\n| Teddies | $8.50, $10.50, $11.00 |\n| A New Delivery of White Dresses Just Received | - |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-488 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1925 [1-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 501976, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "page_number": 222, "title": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "content_text": "Arabs in Kenya (including officials) were 9,651, 22,822 and 10,102 respectively.\n\nPrimarily, Kenya is an African territory, and His Majesty's Government think it necessary definitely to record their considered opinion that the interests of the African natives must be paramount, and that if, and when, those interests and the interests of the immigrant races should conflict, the former should prevail. Obviously the interests of the other communities, European, Indian or Arab, must severally be safeguarded. Whatever the circumstances in which members of these communities have entered Kenya, there will be no drastic action or reversal of measures already introduced, such as may have been contemplated in some quarters, the result of which might be to destroy or impair the existing interests of those who have already settled in Kenya. But in the administration of Kenya His Majesty's Government regard themselves as exercising a trust on behalf of the African population, and they are unable to delegate or share this trust, the object of which may be defined as the protection and advancement of the native races.\n\nIt is not necessary to attempt to elaborate this position; the lines of development are as yet in certain directions undetermined, and many difficult problems arise which require time for their solution. But there can be no room for doubt that it is the mission of Great Britain to work continuously for the training and education of the Africans towards a higher intellectual, moral and economic level than that which they had reached when the Crown assumed the responsibility for the administration of this territory. At present special consideration is being given to economic development in the native reserves, and within the limits imposed by the finances of the Colony all that is possible for the advancement and development of the Africans, both inside and outside the native reserves, will be done.\n\nHis Majesty's Government desire also to record that in their opinion the annexation of the East Africa Protectorate, which, with the exception of the mainland dominions of the Sultan of Zanzibar, has thus become a Colony, known as Kenya Colony, in no way derogates from this fundamental conception of the duty of the Government to the native races. As in the Uganda Protectorate, so in the Kenya Colony, the principle of trusteeship for the natives, no less than in the mandated territory of Tanganyika, is unassailable.\n\nThis paramount duty of trusteeship will continue, as in the past, to be carried out under the Secretary of State for the Colonies by the agents of the Imperial Government, and by them alone.\n\n2. Future Constitutional Evolution.\n\nBefore dealing with the practical points at issue directly connected with the claims of Indians, it is necessary, in view of the declaration of policy enunciated above, to refer to the question of the future constitutional evolution of Kenya.\n\nIt has been suggested that it might be possible for Kenya to advance in the near future on the lines of responsible self-government, subject to the reservation of native affairs. There are, however, in the opinion of His Majesty's Government, objections to the adoption in Kenya at this stage of such an arrangement, whether it take the form of removing all matters affecting Africans from consideration in the Council, or the appointment of the Governor as High Commissioner for Native Affairs, or provision for a special veto by the Crown on local legislation which touches native interests; and they are convinced that the existing system of government is in present circumstances best calculated to achieve the aims which they have in view, namely, the unfettered exercise of their trusteeship for the native races and the satisfaction of the legitimate aspirations of other communities resident in the Colony.\n\nHis Majesty's Government cannot but regard the grant of responsible self-government as out of the question within any period of time which need now be taken into consideration. Nor, indeed, would they contemplate yet the possibility of substituting an unofficial majority in the Council for the Government official majority. Hasty action is to be strongly deprecated, and it will be necessary to see how matters develop, especially in regard to African representation, before proposals for so fundamental a change in the Constitution of the Colony can be entertained. Meanwhile, the administration of the Colony will follow the British traditions and principles which have been successful in other Colonies, and progress towards self-government must be left to take the lines which the passage of time and the growth of experience may indicate as being best for the country.\n\n3. Practical Points at Issue.\n\nTurning now to the practical points at issue arising directly out of the claims of Indians domiciled in Kenya, these may be considered under the following heads:—\n\nRepresentation on the Legislative Council, Representation on the Executive Council. Representation on Municipal Councils. Segregation.\n\nReservation of the Highlands for Europeans. Immigration.\n\n4. Representation on the Legislative Council.\n\n(a) Elective System.-In no responsible quarter is it suggested that the Indians in Kenya should not have elective representation upon the Legislative Council of the Colony. The point at issue is the method whereby such elective representation should be secured. There are two alternative methods:\n\n(i) A common electoral roll.\n\n(ii) Communal franchise.\n\nUnder the former system, Kenya would be divided up into a given number of constituencies, in each of which European and Indian voters on the roll would vote together at an election for candidates of either race, and the qualifications for admission to the voters' roll would be the same for Europeans and for Indians. Under the latter system, European and Indian constituencies would be demarcated independently, not necessarily coinciding in number or boundaries;\n\nPage 216", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 501977, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "page_number": 223, "title": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "content_text": "12\n\nthe qualifications for admission to the voters' roll would not necessarily be the same for the two communities; and while Europeans would vote in the European constituencies for European candidates, Indians would vote in the Indian constituencies for Indian candidates. As a variant of the former system, there is the common electoral roll with reservation of seats. This arrangement would involve the setting apart of a certain number of seats in a given constituency for candidates of a certain race; for example, in a constituency returning three members, with two seats reserved for Europeans and one for Indians, the two European candidates and the one Indian candidate highest in the poll would be elected, irrespective of the position in the poll of other candidates of either race.\n\nThe common electoral roll for all British subjects and British protected persons, with reservation of seats, was proposed in the Wood-Winterton report, and it was further suggested that the qualifications for voters should be such as to admit, if possible, ten per cent. of the domiciled Indians to the register.\n\nFor the common electoral roll it is claimed that it would bridge the gap between the Europeans and Indians by giving a candidate of one race an incentive to study the needs and aspirations of the other race. Further, Indian sentiment, both in India and Kenya, strongly favours the common electoral roll, even though a communal franchise exists in India itself.\n\nA communal franchise secures that every elector shall have the opportunity of being represented by a member with sympathies similar to his own, a consideration which in other Colonies has led the domiciled Indians to press for its adoption; it is well adapted to the needs of a country such as Kenya; no justification is seen for the suggestion that it is derogatory to any of the communities so represented, and it is believed that, so far from having a disruptive tendency, it would contract rather than widen the division between races in Kenya.\n\nSo far as Africans are concerned, a communal franchise provides a framework into which native representation can be fitted in due season.\n\nFrom the point of view of the Indian residents themselves, this system permits of a far wider franchise being given than would be the case if a common electoral roll were introduced, and this alone should render it acceptable to all supporters of the Indian claims who have at heart the political development of the Indian people.\n\nFinally, it allows of the immediate grant of electoral representation with a wide franchise to the other community in Kenya which is ripe for such institutions, the Arabs of the Coast.\n\nThese considerations were weighed before the Wood-Winterton report was drawn up; the recommendation then made turned largely on the desire to meet Indian feeling so far as conditions in Kenya would admit. The result of the reference to opinion in Kenya of the recommendation that a common electoral roll should be adopted, even though combined with a reservation of seats, was to show that the advantages claimed for the common electoral roll would in practice have been illusory. In the special conditions existing in Kenya it is clear that no candidate, European or Indian, could stand as an advocate of the interests of the other race without sacrificing the support of his own. If elections were to be fought on racial lines, as they undoubtedly would have been in Kenya, the main advantage claimed for the common electoral roll, namely, the bringing of the races nearer together, would be lost.\n\nHaving regard to all the circumstances, His Majesty's Government have decided that the interests of all concerned in Kenya will be best served by the adoption of a communal system of representation.\n\n(b) Qualifications for Voters. It is not intended to effect any alteration in the qualifications for admission to the register of European voters as laid down in Ordinance No. 22 of 1919; that is to say, adult suffrage, subject to certain necessary and customary reservations. Under the communal system His Majesty's Government are prepared to grant to Indians a wide franchise. It will be a matter for the Governor of the Colony to ascertain the views of the Indian community and to submit the necessary legislation to give effect thereto. The same procedure will be followed in the case of the Arab community.\n\n(c) Qualifications for Candidates.-His Majesty's Government are prepared to adopt a similar principle in regard to the qualifications for candidates, except that there must be a test which will ensure that candidates have such a knowledge of the English language as will enable them to take their part in the proceedings of the Legislative Council. No system which would involve the use of two or more official languages in the Council will be contemplated; but His Majesty's Government have no ground for supposing that the imposition of this necessary condition will create difficulties or limit unreasonably the choice of suitable candidates.\n\n(d) Numbers on Legislative Council.—The question then remains of the number of seats on the Council to be allocated to each community. As matters stand, there are eleven elected unofficials (Europeans) on the Council, and as a provisional measure authority was given in 1921 for the substitution of four nominated Indian members for the two elected Indian members contemplated in Lord Milner's despatch of the 21st May, 1920.\n\nAfter full consideration, His Majesty's Government have decided that provision should be made for five elected Indian unofficial members on the Council; while for the Arabs, it has been decided that there shall be one elected member in addition to the nominated Arab official member for whom provision already exists. The Europeans will continue to return eleven elected representatives. The number of nominated official members will be fixed so as to maintain an official majority on the Council.\n\nIn the opinion of His Majesty's Government adequate representation of the interests of each community will be secured by this allocation. It is desired, however, that the views of the Indians in Kenya should be ascertained.\n\n13\n\n217", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 501978, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "page_number": 224, "title": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925", "content_text": "should be ascertained before a decision is taken upon the actual arrangement of the constituencies to be represented by the five Indian members.\n\nNo articulate expression of opinion can be yet expected from the African tribes in Kenya, and the time has not come to consider what should be their representation on the Council. The educational development of individual natives will undoubtedly precede the political education of the general body of natives; there are, indeed, signs of this already.\n\nIn present circumstances, the Governor has the advice of the Chief Native Commissioner in all matters affecting the African population and with the official majority can ensure the enactment of any measures for the betterment of the natives which may be approved by His Majesty's Government. It has, however, been suggested that a nominated unofficial member chosen from among the Christian Missionaries in Kenya specially to advise on such matters should be added to the Council until the time comes when the natives are fitted for direct representation. His Majesty's Government see no objection in principle to this arrangement, and they agree that provision should be made accordingly. It will be for the Governor to select a suitable person for nomination from time to time. It will, of course, be understood that there is no question of the representation of the Missionary Bodies as such, and that consideration of religious denomination will not affect the selection. Nor will the nomination of this one member relieve the Governor and his advisers of their full responsibility for representing the native interests.\n\n5. Representation on Executive Council.\n\nAs regards the Executive Council, the present position as set forth in the Wood-Winterton report will be maintained, except that the Governor will be given authority to nominate as an additional unofficial member a suitable person, preferably a Missionary, whose advice on matters affecting Africans will, in the opinion of the Governor, be of value.\n\n6. Representation on Municipal Councils.\n\nThe only municipality which has been set up in Kenya is that of Nairobi.\n\nThe Municipal Corporations Ordinance No. 33 of 1922 provides for Municipal Councils to consist of so many Councillors as the Governor shall determine, and the appointment of these Councillors rests with the Governor.\n\nIt was not desired to suspend the enactment of various amendments to the existing law which are included in this Ordinance until the policy as to elections for Municipal Councillors had been determined; consequently, the provision for the constitution of Municipal Councils was re-enacted generally in the form in which it appeared in the Municipal Corporations Ordinance of 1909.\n\nLord Milner contemplated in 1920 election in lieu of nomination of Municipal Councillors, but no concrete scheme was submitted by the Colonial Government for giving effect to that policy. The matter is one requiring careful examination, but, in principle, if an elective basis is now introduced, it follows from the decision in regard to the Legislative Council that municipal representation must also be on a communal basis, due provision being made for the protection of the interests of the Africans until such time as they are fit to exercise a franchise.\n\nIt will be an instruction to the Governor to put forward proposals for consideration of the Secretary of State for the Colonies after he has been able to consult his advisers in Kenya.\n\n7. Segregation in Townships.\n\nThe next matter for consideration is that of segregation of the European and non-European races. Following upon Professor Simpson's report, a policy of segregation was adopted in principle, and it was proposed by Lord Milner to retain this policy both on sanitary and social grounds. So far as commercial segregation is concerned, it has already been generally agreed that this should be discontinued. But in regard to residential segregation, matters have been in suspense for some time, and all sales of township plots have been held up pending a final decision on the question of principle involved. It is now the view of the competent medical authorities that, as a sanitation measure, segregation of Europeans and Asiatics is not absolutely essential for the preservation of the health of the community; the rigid enforcement of sanitary, police and building regulations, without any racial discrimination, by the Colonial and municipal authorities will suffice. It may well prove that in practice the different races will, by a natural affinity, keep together in separate quarters, but to effect such separation by legislative enactment except on the strongest sanitary grounds would not, in the opinion of His Majesty's Government, be justifiable. They have therefore decided that the policy of segregation as between Europeans and Asiatics in the townships must be abandoned.\n\nBut for the present, at any rate, it is considered desirable, as in other native dependencies, to keep the residential quarters of natives, so far as may be practicable, separate from those of the immigrant races. In the case of individual natives, such as servants, strict segregation would be unworkable; but it is important that, when areas have been fixed in townships for native residence, those areas should be regarded as definitely set aside for the use of natives, and no encroachment thereon by non-African races should be permitted.\n\n8. Reservation of Highlands.\n\nAs early as 1906 the question of the grant of land in the Highlands to non-Europeans had arisen for consideration, and Lord Elgin, who was then Secretary of State for the Colonies, informed the Commissioner (now styled Governor) that it would not be in accordance with\n\n218", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 516476, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-512-2 Political situation in China- and Canton 31-5-1929 - 13-11-1929", "page_number": 34, "title": "CO129-512-2 Political situation in China- and Canton 31-5-1929 - 13-11-1929", "content_text": "- 5 -\n\n32\n\n堂堂\n\n'dog'\n\nEnclo. No. 2.\n\nby a number of crude cartoons in which the Kuomintang \nis represented as a dog urged on by foreigners to \nattack the Chinese proletariat. In this case the \nartist has emphasized his meaning by prefixing to \nthe character for **TANG** (party) the sign for 'dog', \na form of insult commonly employed by Chinese in the \npast when inventing ideograms for the names of \nTartar tribes on their borders.\n\n6. In the course of the last week in July, \na number of Communist leaflets were picked up in the \nstreets and in the neighbourhood of the Dockyards. \nThere \nI enclose specimens of leaflets in the English language which were found on Murray Parade ground on July 31st. These, together with information obtained from other sources, indicated that an attempt would be made to carry out some kind of demonstration.\n\nThe plans of the agitators were ambitious. It was to be a lightning strike for one day. In the course of the day, parties consisting of speakers, pamphlet distributors, and 'Red Guards' were to gather at certain specified points, where the 'Red Guards' were to keep the police at bay while the speakers delivered their orations.\n\nIn the\n\n7. Special precautions were taken by the police from the 29th of July to the 3rd of August. Visits were made to the premises of a number of \nSocieties suspected of communal or political activities, and in three instances signs of unusual activity were \nobserved.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-512-2 Political situation in China- and Canton 31-5-1929 - 13-11-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 517276, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-513-7 Appointments to Executive and Legislative Councils of Hong Kong 21-12-1928 - 14-2-1930", "page_number": 28, "title": "CO129-513-7 Appointments to Executive and Legislative Councils of Hong Kong 21-12-1928 - 14-2-1930", "content_text": "## Legislative Councils of Hong Kong\n\n27A\n\nand Amy Councils of Stray Kony, inform you that Council have regreffind in inability to support the amount. It Communal offer Commanding Officer, China Command, have been informed accordingly.\n\nAssume that in current stances you will not wish to pround withte propreal. A further despatch regarding robrict of points contained in remaining propack will be read. \n\nIn fider that the dispute of the questions Jorn, I refer to my Confidential despatch of the 10th of May, TT(2). I have it.\n\n(Signed) **PASSFIELD**\n\n(17,18)", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-513-7 Appointments to Executive and Legislative Councils of Hong Kong 21-12-1928 - 14-2-1930.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 521489, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-520-9 Cooperation of British Authorities in China 8-1-1930 - 8-1-1930", "page_number": 2, "title": "CO129-520-9 Cooperation of British Authorities in China 8-1-1930 - 8-1-1930", "content_text": "8.1.30.\n\n1. F.O. (F.48/48/10) agrees to conference between representatives of the interested depts if sops, thinks it would be more effective.\n\nWe need not attempt to press the issue; though their reply is not in support of my appeal, they have not particularly interacted with the Home Govt in this matter.\n\nThe position of the Govt of Hong Kong is now laid out (No 14) and has been agreed upon in support of my views on communal conferences between the Govt and the Admiral, the Commander-in-Chief. However, circumstances are not likely to permit a hard and fast rule either as to the regular intervals or the venue of such meetings at Hong Kong, or elsewhere.\n\nF.O. ref: 62589/29", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-520-9 Cooperation of British Authorities in China 8-1-1930 - 8-1-1930.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528131, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "page_number": 88, "title": "CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931", "content_text": "## The importance of the Confucian Temple\n\nAt least one is to be found in every city of importance in China again shows how high was the esteem in which the old sage was held in the past. The substantial nature of the buildings, the beauty and delicacy of the work on the roof and on the ceiling in each main temple, the finely wrought metal drums and altar ornaments, the generous scale on which the courtyard is laid out and adorned with smaller structures, all carefully gilded and austerely decorated, be token a reverence for the ancient learning which is in marked contrast with the neglect into which that study has fallen today, and which is neatly symbolised by overgrown courtyards, altars heavily laden with dust and the general odour of decay which characterises the whole scene in such cities as Pekin, Foochow, and Yunnanfu.\n\nTo compare such studies with a knowledge of Shakespeare and Milton is to give a very inadequate idea of the position they occupied. Rather did they occupy a position equal to that of the bible in Europe, and for the same reason. Social Obligations in China were inculcated by means of the classical writings with a dignity and fervour, that raised such relationships into something near to a fine art and not far removed from a religion. No department of communal life is fundamentally so important, as the department of human behaviour within it. If this is rightly established, as it was by Confucius, the uniformity and harmony of the nation is secured. Everything else in education was sacrificed to this. This was education and this was the content and aim of the whole classical system which consists of treatises setting forth these moral principles. \"If a minister make his own conduct correct, what difficulty will he have in assisting the government? If he cannot rectify himself, what has he to do with rectifying others?\" \"He who exercises government by means of virtue may be compared to the polar star which keeps its place while all the stars turn towards it.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-10 Hong Kong University- encouragement of Chinese students to counteract American influence 30-5-1931 - 1-9-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 528406, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933", "page_number": 58, "title": "CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933", "content_text": "## ORGANISATION OF THE HELLENIC HEALTH SERVICE\n\n71\n\n**Director of Division of Malariology.** \n**Director of Division of Sanitary Engineering.** \n**Director of the Division of Pharmacology.**\n\nHealth Officers must possess a Diploma in Public Health in addition to a qualification in general medicine and surgery.\n\nThe Hellenic Health Service will absorb the present Central Sanitary Administration, the School of Hygiene and all other Services existing in 1932-33.\n\nIt shall have power to create or abolish divisions or institutions within the service.\n\nIt shall take measures to prevent disease and improve the Public Health.\n\nIt shall be entrusted with the supervision of all public health and diagnostic laboratories.\n\nIt shall control quarantine measures.\n\nIt shall supervise the manufacture of foods and their preparation and sale.\n\nIt shall control the manufacture of vaccines and sera and biological products.\n\nIt shall act as advisory body to other departments in questions affecting the public health.\n\nIts Medical Officers may be seconded to other state or local departments.\n\nIt shall co-ordinate both public health activities central and local with those of municipal and private organisations.\n\nIt shall deal with questions of sanitation including methods of preventing the contamination of water supplies.\n\nIt shall carry out all such other public health functions as the President of the Council of Ministers may decide to entrust to it.\n\n## ORGANISATION OF COMMUNAL HEALTH SERVICES\n\nSupervision of hospitals, dispensaries, health centres, and other similar institutions; collaboration between voluntary and State bodies concerned in the administration of such institutions.\n\nRegistration of Physicians, Dentists, Pharmacists, Midwives and Nurses.\n\nGovernment should transfer its hospitals to the municipalities subject to the financial supervision of the public authorities and the supervision of the Technical Health Services.\n\nThe administration of private hospitals, while entirely independent, shall be subject to the sanitary supervision of the Technical Health Service.\n\n## QUARANTINE SERVICE\n\nThe Port Sanitary Service, including their administrative services and equipment, should form part of the Central Sanitary Administration. These sanitary services should include:--\n\n| Service | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) | Control of the sanitary condition of ships on their arrival and departure and during their stay in ports. |\n| (b) | Work of disinfection, deratisation and of disinsectisation as well for the destruction of rats in docks as in the sheds and stores. |\n| (c) | Necessary measures for treatment, observation and surveillance of passengers and crews found to be suffering or suspected to be suffering from an infectious or contagious disease. |\n| (d) | Lazarettes including the administration of the lazarette of St. George in the case of the Piraeus. |\n| (e) | Furnishing of bills of health and certificates of deratisation and of exemption from deratisation. |\n\n75\n\n2. The necessary legal powers should be taken or regulations adopted to assist the Port Sanitary Authorities to apply the rules laid down in the International Sanitary Convention of 1926 recently ratified by Greece.\n\nThe Service of the Piraeus shall be under the control of the Central Sanitary Administration.\n\n95", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-531-13 Proposed reorganization of the medical and sanitary services 18-11-1930 - 7-7-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 532145, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-536-8 I.A. Levis- application for registration of children's births 1-10-1931 - 1-10-1931", "page_number": 13, "title": "CO129-536-8 I.A. Levis- application for registration of children's births 1-10-1931 - 1-10-1931", "content_text": "British Consulate-General,\n\nShanghai.\n\n13\n\nThree enclosures.\n\nNumber 69\n\n(and two copies)\n\nStatutory Declaration\n\nMarriage Certificate\n\nJewish Communal Association Certificates.\n\nMy Lord,\n\n1st October, 1931.\n\nI have the honour to inform your Lordship that I have received an application from Mr. I.A. Levis, a British subject registered at this Consulate-General, for the registration of the births of his seven daughters born in Shanghai, Esther, Rachel, Suzanne, Violet Winifred, Constance, and Evelyn, more than seven years having elapsed since the births took place.\n\n2. With the exception of Constance and Evelyn, all these children were registered at this Consulate-General as British subjects in 1923, and Mr. Levis states that he thought such registration obviated the need for effecting birth registration.\n\n3. The Statutory Declaration which I have the honour to transmit herewith sets forth the grounds on which the claim to British nationality is based, and it also includes the name of a further daughter, Ruth, concerning whose birth the applicant has been advised to communicate with the Hongkong authorities with a view to effecting registration there.\n\n3. I also have the honour to enclose the Jewish certificate relating to the marriage of the parents and an English translation thereof, together with copies of the registrations by the Jewish Communal Association.\n\nHis Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Foreign Office, London.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-8 I.A. Levis- application for registration of children's births 1-10-1931 - 1-10-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 545471, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-549-12 Annual report of the Social and Economic Progress of the People of Hong Kong- 1933... 8-6-1934 - 11-6-1934", "page_number": 27, "title": "CO129-549-12 Annual report of the Social and Economic Progress of the People of Hong Kong- 1933... 8-6-1934 - 11-6-1934", "content_text": "## AVERAGE RATES OF WAGES FOR LABOUR.\n\n### Building Trade :--\n\n| Occupation | Monthly Salary |\n| --- | --- |\n| Carpenters | $36 to $45 per month. |\n| Bricklayers | $30 to $39 per month. |\n| Painters | $20 to $25 per month. |\n| Plasterers | $20 to $25 per month. |\n| Scaffolders | $19 to ... per month. |\n| Labourers (male) | $17 per month. |\n| Labourers (female) | $12 per month. |\n\nWorking hours, nine per day. Free uniform. Bonus at end of year.\n\n### Transport Workers :--\n\n| Occupation | Salary |\n| --- | --- |\n| Tram drivers | $1.15 per day. |\n| Tram conductors | $1.10 per day. |\n| Bus drivers | $1.10 per day. |\n| Bus conductors | $1.10 per day. |\n\n### Railway Workers (Government) :--\n\n| Occupation | Annual Salary |\n| --- | --- |\n| Engine drivers | $540 to $1,000 per annum. |\n| Firemen | $330 to $600 per annum. |\n| Guards | $480 to $1,000 per annum. |\n| Signalmen | $600 to $1,000 per annum. |\n| Station Masters | $1,100 to $1,800 per annum. |\n| Booking Clerks | $600 to $1,000 per annum. |\n| Telephone operators | $480 to $1,000 per annum. |\n\n### Female Workers in Factories:\n\n| Industry | Daily Wage |\n| --- | --- |\n| Cigarette making | $0.40 to $0.80 per day. |\n| Knitting factories | $1.70 per day. |\n| Perfumery | $0.80 per day. |\n| Confectionery | $0.20 to $0.60 per day. |\n\n### Shipbuilding and Engineering :--\n\n| Occupation | Daily Wage |\n| --- | --- |\n| Fitters | $1.45 to $1.80 per day. |\n| Electricians | $1.20 to $1.80 per day. |\n| Coppersmiths | $1.00 to $1.80 per day. |\n| Blacksmiths | $0.80 to $1.20 per day. |\n| Sailmakers | $1.00 to $1.50 per day. |\n| Turners | $1.00 to $1.40 per day. |\n| Patternmakers | $1.00 to $1.40 per day. |\n| Labourers | $0.50 to $0.80 per day. |\n\nWorking hours from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. One hour off at mid-day. Over-time from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m. at day rates. Working hours, nine per day. Time and a half paid for overtime. Free temporary quarters provided on the building site and communal messing at cheap rates. Over-time-time and a half. Night work-double time.\n\n### Domestic Servants :--\n\n| Employer | Monthly Salary |\n| --- | --- |\n| Employed by Chinese | $7.00 to $20.00 per month. |\n| Employed by Europeans | $15.00 to $40.00 per month. |\n| Gardeners | $15.00 to $30.00 per month. |\n\nWith free lodging, and with Chinese employers, generally free board.\n\n**NOTE:** The rates of pay of Government employees approximate closely to those of a similar category in private employ.\n\n## AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES OF FOODSTUFFS, ETC.\n\n| Item | 1932 Price | 1933 Price |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Rice (3rd grade) | 8.4 cents per catty | 7.6 cents per catty |\n| Fresh fish | 31.4 cents per catty | 31.8 cents per catty |\n| Salt fish | 34.6 cents per catty | 27.8 cents per catty |\n| Beef | 48 cents per catty | 44.4 cents per catty |\n| Pork | 55 cents per catty | 51.4 cents per catty |\n| Oil | 24.2 cents per catty | 21.4 cents per catty |\n| Firewood | 10 cents for 8 catties | 10 cents for 9 catties |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-549-12 Annual report of the Social and Economic Progress of the People of Hong Kong- 1933... 8-6-1934 - 11-6-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 545493, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-549-12 Annual report of the Social and Economic Progress of the People of Hong Kong- 1933... 8-6-1934 - 11-6-1934", "page_number": 49, "title": "CO129-549-12 Annual report of the Social and Economic Progress of the People of Hong Kong- 1933... 8-6-1934 - 11-6-1934", "content_text": "## AVERAGE RATES OF WAGES FOR LABOUR\n\n### Building Trade:\n\n| Occupation | Daily Wage |\n| --- | --- |\n| Carpenters | $1.15 |\n| Bricklayers | $1.10 |\n| Painters | $1.10 |\n| Plasterers | $1.10 |\n| Scaffolders | $0.77 |\n| Labourers (male) | $0.70 |\n| Labourers (female) | $0.50, $0.80, $0.12 |\n\nWorking hours, nine per day. Time and a half paid for overtime. Free temporary quarters provided on the building site and communal messing at cheap rates.\n\n### Shipbuilding and Engineering:\n\n(No data available)\n\n### Transport Workers:\n\n| Occupation | Monthly Wage |\n| --- | --- |\n| Tram drivers | $36 to $45 |\n| Tram conductors | $30 to $39 |\n| Bus drivers | $50 per month |\n| Bus conductors | $20 to $25 per month |\n\nWorking hours, nine per day. Free uniform. Bonus at end of year.\n\n### Railway Workers (Government):\n\n| Occupation | Annual Wage |\n| --- | --- |\n| Engine drivers | $540 to $1,000 |\n| Firemen | $330 to $480 |\n| Guards | $600 to $1,000 |\n| Signalmen | $600 to $1,000 |\n| Station Masters | $1,100 to $1,800 |\n| Booking Clerks | $600 to $1,000 |\n| Telephone operators | $480 to $1,000 |\n\n### Female Workers in Factories:\n\n| Industry | Daily Wage |\n| --- | --- |\n| Cigarette making | $0.40 to $0.80 |\n| Knitting factories | $0.20 to $0.55 |\n| Perfumery | $0.20 to $0.50 |\n| Confectionery | $0.20 to $0.60 |\n\nWorking hours from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. One hour off at mid-day. Over-time from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m. at day rates.\n\n### Domestic Servants:\n\n| Employer | Monthly Wage |\n| --- | --- |\n| Employed by Chinese | $7.00 to $20.00 |\n| Employed by Europeans | $15.00 to $40.00 |\n| Gardeners | $15.00 to $30.00 |\n\nWith free lodging, and with Chinese employers, generally free board.\n\nNOTE: The rates of pay of Government employees approximate closely to those of a similar category in private employ.\n\n## AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES OF FOODSTUFFS, ETC.\n\n| Item | 1932 Price | 1933 Price |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Rice (3rd grade) | 8.4 cents per catty | 7.6 cents per catty |\n| Fresh fish | 31.4 cents | 21.8 cents, 31.8 cents, 1.40 |\n| Salt fish | 34.6 cents | 27.8, 21, 22, 13, 21 cents |\n| Beef | 48 cents | 44.4 cents |\n| Pork | 55 cents | 51.4 cents |\n| Oil | 24.2 cents | 21.4, 27, 23 cents |\n| Firewood | 10 cents for 8 catties | 10 cents for 9 catties |\n\nOver-time--time and a half. Night work--double time.\n\n3. The European resident, unlike the local labourer, purchases many articles which have to be imported from countries with sterling or gold currencies. He is therefore affected by variations in the exchange value of these currencies as expressed in terms of the silver dollar. The collapse of the American dollar caused a considerable cheapening in the prices of articles imported from the U.S.A., but although the silver dollar showed a gradual improvement in its exchange value vis-à-vis sterling throughout the year, no noticeable effect was apparent in the local prices of articles imported from England. It is a commonplace that the adjustment of local prices always lags behind a rise in the sterling value of the silver dollar.\n\nPage 79 \nPage 80", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-549-12 Annual report of the Social and Economic Progress of the People of Hong Kong- 1933... 8-6-1934 - 11-6-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 549852, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-555-3 Proposed transfer of lands near Kai Tak to the War Department 22-8-1935 - 16-1-1936", "page_number": 2, "title": "CO129-555-3 Proposed transfer of lands near Kai Tak to the War Department 22-8-1935 - 16-1-1936", "content_text": "Military\n\n22.8\n\nReports that proposal before Army Council to build cantonment at Hailey + Kai Jung Tsai, were\n\nPeninsula raises question of reimbursement on vacation of Colonial hutmentary which are erected on Army Communal Lands\n\nRequest approval of transfer to War Dept of site above Kowloon Sappers Commandry.\n\nScheme personally agreed to by General\n\nRequests intimation by telegram of W.O. 16/8 aforesaid.\n\nThough it is not clear from the despatch that\n\nThe hatched red on the plan is to be included in the proposed transfer.\n\nThe hatched red is excluded under from 2 b.\n\nAccording to paras. 10 & 11 of W.O.'s despatch transfer is to reimburse the Colony for cost of returning, to credit the Govt in the Military Lands Account with a sum representing the capital value of the land plus capitalized value of quit rent.\n\nThe cash value to be paid Queen\n\nThese terms seem reasonable & do not conflict seriously with those outlined in W.O. letter\n\n \nGR1178/1922/32(III)\n\nPage 363\n\n...\n\nPage 363", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-555-3 Proposed transfer of lands near Kai Tak to the War Department 22-8-1935 - 16-1-1936.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 550931, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-557-5 Estimates 1937 19-8-1936 - 7-8-1937", "page_number": 52, "title": "CO129-557-5 Estimates 1937 19-8-1936 - 7-8-1937", "content_text": "## 3.\n\nBut apart from this consideration it seems to me unthinkable, and in this I have the concurrence of my Executive Council, that there should be any prospect of failure in the case of an institution which by its very name represents the Colony's communal recognition of the sacrifices made in the Great War.\n\nThe representatives of the War Memorial Nursing Home have claimed Government assistance on various pleas which I do not consider to be well-founded. A considerable amount of the money originally subscribed for the memorial was lost in the preparation of a site, subsequently judged by the Committee to be unsuitable and therefore abandoned. That site reverted to Government, and still remains undeveloped. On the other hand, in order to provide more convenient access to the present site, hospital funds were used to widen and make suitable for motor traffic a portion of Mount Kellett Road. The hospital management has sought from Government reimbursement of at least one-half of the cost of this road preparation, as the road as so widened has become available to motor traffic generally. To give compensation to the hospital for its expenditure on these grounds would involve acceptance of a principle with probably far-reaching and expensive consequences, and I have therefore seen fit to refuse to consider this claim, in which attitude my Executive Council unanimously agrees.\n\n## 5.\nThe general question was considered, therefore, at a meeting of the Executive Council \n\nPage 52", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-557-5 Estimates 1937 19-8-1936 - 7-8-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 552722, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-560-15 Traffic of arms to China 18-2-1937 - 15-11-1937", "page_number": 43, "title": "CO129-560-15 Traffic of arms to China 18-2-1937 - 15-11-1937", "content_text": "## \nThe mentions sing to China \n43 \n\nमार han hither to fattuly Loure from Contiment and Somme, particularly Funce Betinn \n9 \n\nBut \n36 Gosta Stadiaher was flames Há Hi from this winte lo fn our Try Leen \n5711 197 Jakys tet 628. \n4141 198 Tel to Nanding 438. \n17. H.M. Ambassador Both have been strongly \"pushed\" Seen elsewhere Cohn is being put on the Canton Read Communal paper. \nChina entrego Tokyo starto the export to Uma ve Hay Kary. \n198. The road Ell bant. \na sy reed bet Вилин с ķ by it. M. 6. h penciple\". \n2. Rogers BLK ? Put by", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-560-15 Traffic of arms to China 18-2-1937 - 15-11-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 554517, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-562-22 Vacancy for Official Receiver 13-8-1937 - 13-8-1937", "page_number": 6, "title": "CO129-562-22 Vacancy for Official Receiver 13-8-1937 - 13-8-1937", "content_text": "## VACANCY FORM\n553814/37\n\n### Reference \n53625/36 Hong Kong\n\n### Vacancy Details\n| Category | Details |\n| --- | --- |\n| Vacancy | Crown Solicitor |\n| Immediate Affect | Selection |\n| Cause of Vacancy | Retirement of Mr. L.R. Andrews |\n| Date of Vacancy | |\n| Emoluments | £700 |\n\n### Terms of Appointment\n- **Terms of appointment**: 3 years' probation in the first place.\n\n### Allowances and Quarters\n- **Allowances**: £30 a year residential allowance of the officer's service.\n- **Quarters**: Not free quarters but Govt quarters may be provided at rental up to 15% of salary if Govt accommodation is not available.\n\n### Salary and Deductions\nSalary scale: $760 - $30 - $940 - $1000 - $1050 - £50 - £150.\nSubject to the foray Gary (if still performed to abolish that it is from 1st July) deduction of 4% / 6.00 Pension scheme.\n\n### Passages and Remarks\n- **Passages**: 1st class passage.\n- **Remarks**: Any excess rental over 15% of salary will be forded by Govt. A barrister will be allowed an off? increment to every year of service at the rate of £25 subject to a maximum of £74 increment on the initial salary reduced to two remaining years.\n\n### Requirements\n- **Duties**: Legal work, P.F., \n 1. Prosecution at Communal Sessions\n 2. Registration by deeds\n 3. Preparation of Crown leases\n 4. Investigation by titles and got on questions relating to the law of property\n\n- **Qualifications**: Barrister\n- **Age limits**: Not specified\n\n### Related Files\n`XCR(85)72` is not present, but `GR1178/1922/32(III)` and `Wb 20831/3702` and `H & SP GP 640` are referenced.\n\nPage 3", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-562-22 Vacancy for Official Receiver 13-8-1937 - 13-8-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 556232, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-564-8 Forestry Ordinance- 1937 30-7-1937 - 3-11-1937", "page_number": 2, "title": "CO129-564-8 Forestry Ordinance- 1937 30-7-1937 - 3-11-1937", "content_text": "VOTED IN\n\nREGISTER.\n\nL\n\nSPARES TO\n\nLIBRARY. Legal\n\n1.0.A.G. 495.\n\n30.7.37.\n\n2\n\nIns. Ordse w/ copy Attorney General's report.\n\nPrevious claims include several\n\nThe following seem to call for notice.\n\nSection 3.(c)\n\nthe cases under these subsections appear\n\nbut I doubt\n\nwe need comment\n\nSections (a) and (b). These favour & hinder\n\ncommunal \"time affects as\n\nco tadem loom Ond \"G\n\nletter odd, though it may\n\n11-97 1917\n\nHowever be the only way\n\nto protect my\n\nIve for allows the Council\n\nmisuse of a fare by\n\nCecch - sedio 11. (5)\n\nThe qu\n\nL\n\npotably sufficient or prevent-\n\nThe\n\n9\n\nThe fower?\n\nSection 19\n\n6\n\nmade povesca co\n\nCase under\n\nI am doubtful how far it\n\ncompensation\n\nof damage to property due\n\nthis section\n\nfound but no\n\ncommitted\n\nbut said when t\n\noffence sche\n\nmbrequelty\n\nthe and my has bee\n\n-(which wo new))\n\nSection 21\n\nThe\n\noffer as\n\nunder this section\n\ncalmly grass, raking fine needles and somewhat ridiculously\n\na\n\naffear to\n\nminute. Perhaps\n\ne.g.\n\nme\n\nwe should add to\n\nexplanation of thy\n\nA\n\nneurs ay\n\nwilde sach offenen\n\n1 & $250.\n\nwhe it makes the offende (cable t\n\nRegulalia 3\n\nno fera should\n\nhe\n\nDept\n\neste really\n\n46 montes unp.\n\nIt affews volli Land that be allowed sheep goute\n\no keep gout actant\n\nthe Sufe untrut, Botanical a\n\nAdmittedly the goat emery may\n\nnot be sufficcet\n\nForestry\n\ndo great damage als Kay Kay co\n\na", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-564-8 Forestry Ordinance- 1937 30-7-1937 - 3-11-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 561738, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-571-18 League of Nations- medical aid for China and reduced cable rates 8-2-1938 - 30-1-1939", "page_number": 59, "title": "CO129-571-18 League of Nations- medical aid for China and reduced cable rates 8-2-1938 - 30-1-1939", "content_text": "## \nC. O.\n\nMr. Bucke\n\nMr.\n\nMr.\n\nSir H. Moore.\n\nSir G. Tomlinson.\n\nSir C. Bottomley.\n\nSir J. Shuckburgh.\n\nPermi. U.S. of S.\n\n1979 to\n\nCensel. 44\n\n53863\n\nParly. U.S. of S.\n\nSecretary of State.\n\n38.\n\n# \n\n59\n\n41\n\n21.9.38.\n\nDRAFT.\n\n2\n\nConcerning the situation\n\n32\n\n30 Aug. 38.\n\nFURTHER ACTION.\n\n140\n\nWe have to refer to the cut-off\n\ndynasty in the\n\nIslands which have been\n\n26/7 Aug\n\nvery bad and many differences have been experienced\n\nby the representative of the\n\nChinese Red Cross\n\ndelivering\n\noblation\n\nmen and stores destined\n\nfor, Lim,\n\nyou\n\nto be heard by word of mouth\n\nHaciya't\n\ncommunal\n\nlish, which have been\n\nread, from the lord...\n\n## \n`(*801-150)` Wt. 13952-47 10,000 6/37 T.S. 695\n`(*1426-150)` Wt. 27532-64 15,000 11/37 T.S. 695", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-571-18 League of Nations- medical aid for China and reduced cable rates 8-2-1938 - 30-1-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 562407, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939", "page_number": 58, "title": "CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939", "content_text": "undertaking had been financed from loan, as is the most usual practice, much higher charges would have had to be borne than are now proposed as interest would have been charged as well as a redemption contribution. If general revenue is not made up by this means, extra taxation will have to be raised in some other form and the community will be no better off on balance, while the prime object of making the consumer of water pay the full cost will not be attained. Virtually what is proposed is to treat the past expenditure as a loan without interest repayable on generous terms.\n\n## (b) Provision for Renewals\n\nThe Economic Commission expressed the view that provision for depreciation of works financed from revenue ought not to be included in maintenance charges to be debited against water revenue (Report, paragraphs 31-32); part of their objection being that such depreciation provision was not actually paid into any Depreciation or Renewal Fund. In principle, I think it is most desirable that there should be provision against the contingency of renewal of all works and equipment which may be expected to require renewal within a reasonable period of time, as is the common practice of other water undertakings and similar enterprises. The proper accounting procedure is to build up a Renewals Fund to which such expenditure can be charged. In the absence of such a Fund, the cost of renewal must be met by other means; e.g., renewal of the cross harbour pipe line is now necessary and will have to be met from loan. There is, however, a factor in Hong Kong finance which forces a departure from orthodox principle—the military contribution. If annual contributions were made to a Renewals Fund and revenue raised from water charges to cover such contributions, a military contribution of 20% would have to be paid on such revenue. The gross additional revenue to be collected would therefore be 25% more than the Renewals contribution. On the other hand, if renewals are in due course financed from loan, the charges on such loan will, if present practice is maintained, be deductible from the revenue assessable to military contribution. Unless and until there is a change in the military contribution system, therefore, the balance of advantage lies in making no current provision for renewals but financing them in due course by loan. Any \"surplus\" of revenue which may arise should, as already indicated, be regarded as available for renewals.\n\n6. Certain other charges which ought, in strictness, to be borne by an independent water department, cost of postal facilities, share of audit expenses, water analysis by the Medical Department, medical attention to staff, etc., are difficult to calculate exactly and they might be regarded as approximately offset by the free supply of water to Government offices, which it is proposed should continue.\n\n## III. Charges for Water\n\n7. On the general principle that the users of water should pay the full cost of what they use, the following bases of charge are proposed:-\n\n| Charge | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (i) | A general charge to be made to cover the cost of water supplied for \"communal purposes\", i.e., hydrants, street cleaning, sewers, public buildings, free supplies to hospitals, etc. |\n| (ii) | No free allowances. |\n| (iii) | Extra costs of supply to certain areas to be covered by additional charges. |\n| (iv) | Special rates to be charged for supplies to building contractors and shipping as at present. |\n| (v) | All other water to be supplied at standard rates. |\n\n64", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 562415, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939", "page_number": 66, "title": "CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939", "content_text": "# 74\n\nOur view is that the charges for water supply in the Colony have for years been excessive, and have occasioned hardship and dissatisfaction in the community. A casual perusal of the Hansard Reports for the past few years will show that this subject has formed anxious representations by various Honourable members of this Council.\n\nIn the Budget Debates for the past two years, in which I had the honour to take part, I endeavoured to express the dissatisfaction of those whom I represent against the excessive water charges. And it will be recalled that in the Report of the Economic Commission, published in February, 1935, the Commissioners expressed the view that existing charges for water \"may be fairly described as unreasonably high - clearly some relief here is overdue.\" \n\n## A Great Disappointment\n\nSuch being the position, it is neither surprising that Government's proposals, as contained in the Financial Secretary's original memorandum, should be a great disappointment to the Chinese community, nor that this disappointment should not have been removed by the subsequent modifications of such proposals.\n\nFor, on a critical analysis, and despite their attractive appearance, what do these \"modifications\" in truth amount to? They amount to this:\n\n1. That the Financial Secretary had, in his original estimate of expenditure, erroneously included a sum of $202,160 for Military Contribution on the interest payable in respect of the $14,000,000 Loan, and that, as in fact no Military Contribution was payable in respect of the interest on this Loan, it was decided that this surcharge should be utilised towards the reduction of 5 cents per unit for domestic supplies, and\n\n2. That the two per cent. on \"past capital expenditure out of General Revenue\" should now be used to build up a Renewals Fund.\n\nThe first \"modification\" is of course a mere correction of an accounting error; the second \"modification,\" as I hope to show later in the course of my remarks, leaves entirely unanswered the objections raised against the original proposal. Though it is officially stated that \"the proposals in the Financial Secretary's memorandum published last April have been considered in the light of the comments made on them by the District Watch Committee, the Chinese Chamber of Commerce and other bodies and in the Press,\" the truth of the matter is that all the \"comments\" - at all events by the District Watch Committee and the Chinese Chamber of Commerce - have been entirely ignored by Government.\n\nIn setting out our objections to some of these proposals I deal first with a minor point, namely, the relative rates as affecting the various localities concerned.\n\nOn the abolition of free allowance, the present charges, the new charges, and the difference between them, for the different localities, are as follows:\n| Locality | Present Charges | New Charges | Difference |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Peak | $1 less 15% = 85 cents | 45 cents | 40 cents |\n| Rest of the Colony | 50 cents less 15% = 42½ cents | 25 cents | 17½ cents |\n| Upper Levels | 50 cents less 15% = 42 cents | 35 cents | 7 cents |\n\nIt will be seen that by giving up all free allowance the Peak charges, as compared with the existing charges, are to be reduced by 40 cents per thousand gallons, the rest of the Colony by 17½ cents, and the Upper Levels by 7 cents only! On the face of it I cannot see how these new charges can be fair if the old relative rates were not inequitable. I do not say that the Peak charges are not high enough; I suggest that the rates for the rest of the Colony are not low enough, and I do say that the modifications of the relative rates are inequitable. I understand that the official answer is that the old charges of $1 for the Peak, and 50 cents for the Upper Levels, less 15 per cent., mean nothing in practice because consumers in these districts are, as a whole, always within their free allowance, and so never had to pay any excess charges. But I fail to see how the assumption that the Peak and Upper Level residents do not exceed their free allowance can affect the point of my criticism, since the old rates were rates which they would have to pay if they did exceed the free allowance.\n\n## Public In The Dark\n\nBut though in this, as in so many other matters regarding the question of water supply, the public is totally in the dark as regards figures supporting this contention I, for one, cannot accept this assumption. The Economic Commission's Report stated that in 1933 it was estimated that 32 per cent. of the metered properties did not exceed their valuation allowance, and I should like to know whether this percentage still holds good and, if so, whether the properties affected are wholly situated within the Peak and Upper Level districts.\n\nThis, as I have said, is only a minor point. The substantial question is whether the public has to pay under the new scheme more than under the existing system. If the former, the present scheme is not an alleviation but a burden.\n\nIt is suggested that the poor in the Colony will pay less since, although free allowance has been abolished, they will pay at the rate of 25 cents per thousand gallons from the first gallon, instead of 42½ cents for excess water. But it seems clear to me that unless the consumption in relation to any particular assessed premises is very greatly in excess of the free allowance, the old rates are much more favourable. The free allowance is based on 40 cents per thousand gallons: it is obvious that in order to make the difference of 15 cents (or 17½ cents) per thousand gallons count in favour of the consumer, the amount of gallons consumed in excess of the free allowance allowed must be very considerable. The inescapable fact remains that out of the 68 per cent. consumers who do exceed the free allowance, all whose excess consumption is at a rate insufficient to neutralise the effect of free allowance must pay more under the new scheme.\n\n## Likely To Pay More\n\nI therefore submit that, on the whole, it is more than likely that the consumer will pay more under the new scheme than he has been paying under the old.\n\nI am aware that from the answers given to my questions in this Council on September 1, 1938, it would appear that, on the basis of the figures for the first seven months of 1938, the Government obtained a higher revenue in respect of water under the old scheme than it would have done on the basis of the new charges. It was, however, pointed out in the official answers that the revenue based on the new charges could only be approximate since \"exact figures would take over a month to work out, as the recorded consumption through every meter would have to be taken\".\n\nBut this question, though important on the merits of the scheme, is not really fundamental; because once we accept, as I do, the principle that the consumer should pay for all current water charges, the question must assume a new form, not whether the new charges are higher than the old, but whether the new charges need be so high on the figures presented, and on the assumption that the consumer has to foot the bill. I propose to deal with this question, but before doing so I wish to dispose of one point, as to which I find myself in acute disagreement with the views of my Honourable friend the Financial Secretary.\n\n## Reasons Advanced\n\nIn recommending to Government that the existing two per cent. rate - which has always been regarded by Government, as well as by the community, as a payment for a supply of water at the rate of 40 cents per thousand gallons up to a prescribed limit of supply - should be retained, but that the equivalent free supply should be withheld, he advances various reasons, which I must deal with seriatim.\n\nFirst, the Financial Secretary says that the retention of the two per cent. rate may be regarded as a general charge to cover the cost of water supplied, for communal purposes, hydrants, street cleaning, sewers, public buildings, free supplies to hospitals, etc. The answer is this: If the rates were reduced to 15 per cent. the landlords would still be contributing nearly one-sixth of the total revenue of the Colony, and there can be no valid reason why the landlords, as such, should be made to pay for this \"communal supply\".\n\nSecondly, the Financial Secretary says that provision has to be made in the water account for Military Contribution. He does not explain why landlords, as such, should bear the burden of Military Contribution in respect of the water revenue.\n\nThirdly, the Financial Secretary says that the rates at 17 per cent. are decidedly low. Here I do not know on what grounds this opinion is based. Over one-sixth of the total revenue of the Colony is derived from the 17 per cent. rates, and I submit that one-sixth cannot be regarded as a negligible contribution to revenue.\n\nAs against the Financial Secretary's observation I may quote from the Economic Commission's Report: \"Rates. Some years ago the rates on property were raised from 13 per cent. to 17 per cent. on the ground that the low exchange necessitated an increased revenue to cope with the large portion of the Colony's expenditure which is based on sterling. Since then exchange has risen again to its former level and property owners, who have suffered very... \n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST \n16th September, 1938. \n(2)", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 562424, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939", "page_number": 75, "title": "CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939", "content_text": "5 \n\nThe undertaking had been financed from loan, as is the most usual practice, much higher charges would have had to be borne than are now proposed as interest would have been charged as well as a redemption contribution. If general revenue is not made up by this means, extra taxation will have to be raised in some other form and the community will be no better off on balance, while the prime object of making the consumer of water pay the full cost will not be attained. Virtually what is proposed is to treat the past expenditure as a loan without interest repayable on generous terms.\n\n## (b) Provision for Renewals\n\nThe Economic Commission expressed the view that provision for depreciation of works financed from revenue ought not to be included in maintenance charges to be debited against water revenue (Report, paragraphs 31-32); part of their objection being that such depreciation provision was not actually paid into any Depreciation or Renewal Fund. In principle, I think it is most desirable that there should be provision against the contingency of renewal of all works and equipment which may be expected to require renewal within a reasonable period of time, as is the common practice of other water undertakings and similar enterprises. The proper accounting procedure is to build up a Renewals Fund to which such expenditure can be charged. In the absence of such a Fund, the cost of renewal must be met by other means; e.g., renewal of the cross harbour pipe line is now necessary and will have to be met from loan. There is, however, a factor in Hong Kong finance which forces a departure from orthodox principle—the military contribution. If annual contributions were made to a Renewals Fund and revenue raised from water charges to cover such contributions, a military contribution of 20% would have to be paid on such revenue. The gross additional revenue to be collected would therefore be 25% more than the Renewals contribution. On the other hand, if renewals are in due course financed from loan, the charges on such loan will, if present practice is maintained, be deductible from the revenue assessable to military contribution. Unless and until there is a change in the military contribution system, therefore, the balance of advantage lies in making no current provision for renewals but financing them in due course by loan. Any surplus of revenue which may arise should, as already indicated, be regarded as available for renewals.\n\n6. Certain other charges which ought, in strictness, to be borne by an independent water department, cost of postal facilities, share of audit expenses, water analysis by the Medical Department, medical attention to staff, etc., are difficult to calculate exactly and they might be regarded as approximately offset by the free supply of water to Government offices, which it is proposed should continue.\n\n## III. Charges for Water\n\n7. On the general principle that the users of water should pay the full cost of what they use, the following bases of charge are proposed:—\n\n| Basis | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | A general charge to be made to cover the cost of water supplied for \"communal\" purposes, i.e., hydrants, street cleaning, sewers, public buildings, free supplies to hospitals, etc. |\n| (ii) | No free allowances. |\n| (iii) | Extra costs of supply to certain areas to be covered by additional charges. |\n| (iv) | Special rates to be charged for supplies to building contractors and shipping as at present. |\n| (v) | All other water to be supplied at standard rates. |\n\n83", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 562425, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939", "page_number": 76, "title": "CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939", "content_text": "## 8. As regards (i) the 2% at present regarded as the proportion of the rates applicable to water might reasonably be regarded as a proper charge for general supply. It is true that this 2% yields more than the actual cost of the \"communal\" supplies as defined above and that it has been connected with the free allowances so that when those allowances are abolished those consumers (principally office blocks and well-to-do private residents) who have in the past got all their water within their free allowances and paid nothing for excess consumption may not like having to pay in future at the standard rate for what they consume as well as continuing to pay the 2 per cent.\n\nBut there are many diverse considerations on the other side, i.e.:\n\n(1) Provision has to be made in the water accounts for the military contribution, but this might well be regarded as a charge to be met by the general community, not by water users, so that the Water Department's share of the military contribution may fairly be collected as part of the rate, not by addition to the standard charges for water consumed.\n\n(2) Rates in Hong Kong are decidedly low, at a total of 17% including the 2% for water.\n\n(3) If the 2% is reduced the general standard rate for water must be increased to make up the loss of revenue; e.g., a standard charge of 30 cents would suffice if the 2% is maintained but at least 35 cents would have to be charged if the rates were reduced to 1%. With many qualifications, it is broadly true that such a transfer of charge would mean shifting the burden from the comparatively well-to-do to the poor. I regard such a shift of the burden as most undesirable because I greatly fear that the poor tenant will be found on balance to pay more as a result of the proposed changes in the collection of water charges, while the Hong Kong taxation system already taxes the poor more heavily in proportion to income than the wealthy.\n\n(4) A fairly large fixed charge will help to stabilize the finances of the Water Department. Consumption of water in Hong Kong depends not so much on the demand as on the supply which nature affords in any year and a restriction of supply as the result of drought might embarrass the finances of the Department if the whole of its revenue varied directly with consumption. The receipts from the 2% rate would afford a solid basis of income.\n\nI therefore recommend continuing the 2% charge and adopting a standard charge of 30 cents per thousand gallons.\n\n## 9. As regards Head (iii) the extra costs of pumping to the Peak and Hill districts are 30 cents per thousand gallons and to the upper levels 15 cents. There are direct extra expenses on every gallon used in these areas. I think consumers there could justly be asked to pay these extra costs in full, but recommend that they only be asked at present to pay a portion.\n\n## 10. The following scale of charges is therefore recommended.\n\nIt will necessarily be subject to review after the new regime has been in operation for sufficient time to estimate possible results:—\n| Charge Type | Rate |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) General charges | 2 per cent. on the assessment valuation |\n| (b) Unit charge | 30 cents per thousand gallons |\n| (c) Upper levels and Peak-Hill districts | 40 cents and 50 cents respectively per thousand gallons |\n| (d) Supplies to building contractors and shipping | $1 per thousand gallons |\n| (e) Meter rentals | as at present |\n\nNOTES.\n\n(i) Supplies to Government buildings would not be charged for but in order to prevent waste each separate office should be given a fixed allowance which should not be exceeded without authority.\n\n(ii) On the abolition of the free allowances Government Officers occupying Government quarters should pay for water consumed like other consumers, except in such cases as police and medical staff occupying quarters in hospitals.\n\n(iii) Military, Naval and Air Force supplies should be at the ordinary rates subject to the continuance of a privileged rate of 10 cents per thousand gallons in respect of certain Military Cantonments in Victoria under a long-standing agreement.\n\nAn estimate of probable income for 1938 on this basis is attached. (`Appendix II`)\n\n## 11. `Appendix II` shows approximately what revenue would have been obtained in 1937 on the above basis. It will be seen that the net total of $2,156,607 is slightly more than was actually received in that year ($2,084,176) but less than the amount of $2,306,621 required to meet charges properly attributable to the Water Department. It is anticipated that consumption will be greater in 1938 as it is hoped that an unrestricted supply can be maintained; and that revenue in that year will therefore be adequate to cover charges.\n\n## 12. In theory, the system of charge best suited to the special circumstances of Hong Kong, where we want to supply the essential minimum of water but severely to discourage excessive use, would be one in which all water in excess of a minimum domestic supply was charged at a much higher rate. There are very great practical difficulties in assessing a minimum domestic supply for Chinese tenements, the rating valuation being useless as a guide; but the possibility of eventually establishing such a basis of charge might be further examined after the new Water Department is established.\n\n## IV. Separate Metering of Floors\n\n## 13. The main object of this proposal is to secure closer control of the consumption of water by enabling the responsibility to be placed on the principal tenant of each floor in Chinese tenement houses instead of the landlord. The former is in a better position to prevent waste and it is unfair that landlords should have to pay with no effective means of controlling what their tenants use. It is proposed that separate meters should be installed on the request of landlords or in other cases where the Water Authority thinks it necessary. If made on the landlord's request he should pay the cost of installation.\n\n## 14. It is not essential to separate metering that the water charges should be actually paid by the tenant instead of the landlord but it is an obvious further step to prevent waste. Where separate meters are installed therefore the charge should in future be on the tenant, but landlords should be required to make any necessary deposits if tenants failed to do so.\n\n## 15. The change ought not, however, to be used to secure a monetary benefit to the landlord. In the main the adjustment between landlord and tenant must be left to ordinary economic forces but I would recommend that in announcing the change of incidence of charge Government should make it clear that landlords... \n\n85", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 562441, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939", "page_number": 92, "title": "CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939", "content_text": "## III. Charges for Water\n\n6. The advantage lies in making no current provision for renewals but financing them in due course by loan. Any \"surplus\" of revenue which may arise should, as already indicated, be regarded as available for renewals. Certain other charges, e.g., departmental cost of expenses, water analysis, attention to staff, etc., ought in strictness to be borne by an independent department, e.g., postal facilities, share of audit fees by the Medical Department, etc. These are difficult to calculate exactly and they might be regarded as approximately offset by the free supply of water to Government offices, which it is proposed should continue.\n\n7. On the general principle that the users of water should pay the full cost of what they use, the following bases of charge are proposed:\n\n8. \n(i) A general charge to be able to cover the cost of water supplied for \"communal purposes\", i.e., hydrants, street cleaning, sewers, public buildings, free supplies to hospitals, etc.\n(ii) No free allowances.\n(iii) Extra costs of supply to certain areas to be covered by additional charges.\n(iv) Special rates to be charged for supplies to building contractors and shipping as at present.\n(v) All other water to be supplied at standard rates.\n\nAs regards (i), the 2% at present regarded as the proportion of the rates applicable to water might reasonably be regarded as a proper charge for general supply. It is true that this 2% yields more than the actual cost of the 'communal' supplies.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-572-14 Proposed reorganisation of water services 7-4-1938 - 3-4-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 562482, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-572-16 Proposals to prevent wastage of water 30-3-1938 - 15-9-1938", "page_number": 12, "title": "CO129-572-16 Proposals to prevent wastage of water 30-3-1938 - 15-9-1938", "content_text": "## HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.\n\nIn recommending to Government that the existing 2% rate—which has always been regarded by Government, as well as by the community, as a payment for a supply of water at the rate of 40 cents per thousand gallons up to a prescribed limit of supply—should be retained, but that the equivalent free supply should be withheld, he advanced various reasons, which I must deal with seriatim.\n\nFirstly, the Financial Secretary says that the retention of the 2% rate may be regarded as a general charge to cover the cost of water supplied for communal purposes, hydrants, street cleaning, sewers, public buildings, free supplies to hospitals, etc. The answer is this: If the rates were reduced to 15%, the landlords would still be contributing nearly one-sixth of the total revenue of the Colony, and there can be no valid reason why the landlords, as such, should be made to pay for this \"communal supply\".\n\nSecondly, the Financial Secretary says that provision has to be made in the water account for Military Contribution. He does not explain why landlords, as such, should bear the burden of Military Contribution in respect of the water revenue.\n\nThirdly, the Financial Secretary says that the rates at 17% are decidedly low. Here I do not know on what grounds this opinion is based. Over one-sixth of the total revenue of the Colony is derived from the 17% rates, and I submit that one-sixth cannot be regarded as a negligible contribution to revenue. As against the Financial Secretary's observation I may quote from the Economic Commission's Report:\n\n\"Rates. Some years ago the rates on property were raised from 13% to 17% on the ground that the low exchange necessitated an increased revenue to cope with the large portion of the Colony's expenditure which is based on sterling. Since then exchange has risen again to its former level and property owners, who have suffered very heavily in the depression, are looking to Government to effect a reduction in rates to the former level of 13%. While it may not be possible to restore the old rate of taxation, we consider that in view of the severe depression in property it should be Government's aim to bring about some reduction at the earliest possible moment.\"\n\nFourthly, the Financial Secretary says that if the 2% rates were taken off, the standard rate for water must be increased. I venture to think that this point, even if sound, has no relevancy on the question of whether the revenue represented by the 2% rates should, or should not, be a burden on the landlords.\n\nAnd, lastly, the Financial Secretary says that the fixed charge of 2% rates will help to stabilise the finances of the Water Department. Again this has nothing to do with the point whether retention of the charge is justified, since nothing is given in return.\n\n## Page 96\n## Page 12", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-572-16 Proposals to prevent wastage of water 30-3-1938 - 15-9-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 563142, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-573-9 Kowloon Golf Club- alternative site 20-6-1938 - 28-10-1938", "page_number": 4, "title": "CO129-573-9 Kowloon Golf Club- alternative site 20-6-1938 - 28-10-1938", "content_text": "## West proportion? \n\nOne of the grounds for this rather communal proposal. \n\nI suggest that the story be put to the Secretary by post mail that he be asked to give information both regards upon there the much-publicised \"16-6 Farrow the neersson mes f #rent from I more unusual other sources.\" \n\n## \n\nAs a question of principle is involved, I send this on. If it were not for the objection that other sporting and social clubs might claim similar assistance from the government, I should not be disposed to object to the Governor's proposal, since the government apparently runs little risk and obtains a fair return for its money under the scheme.\n\n## \n### Cowell \n13-7 \n\nI attach a few precedents. I expect the golfers are largely fort officials,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-573-9 Kowloon Golf Club- alternative site 20-6-1938 - 28-10-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 568491, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-582-16 Arrangements for securing funds for trade commissioner 1-9-1939 - 18-1-1940", "page_number": 4, "title": "CO129-582-16 Arrangements for securing funds for trade commissioner 1-9-1939 - 18-1-1940", "content_text": "02 To 9.0. J. (anod) \n\nD.O.J. \n\nD. \n\nHilver \n\n73. Both Khany, 375. (4.1.2) Me \n\n21.9.39. \n\n26.4 \n\n0.0.7. \n\nRef 2. \n\nSubmit's absons. \n\n20.9.39. \n\nMr. Boyse \n\nHave you any obsons. pl. that conversion into sterling on the D.O.T. suggestion should be made at the rate of exchange prevailing on the day on which advances are made to ...?\n\nOught we not to consider which rate is contemplated (cf. communial Exchange Fund rate)? \n\nA. N. Galsworthy \n\n30% 8 \n\nI think we can leave this to the If A Cor. As regards the refund by Dr. F. to be... I should have thought that the rate of exchange for the advances should have been that on the date of payment by D.D.F.B.C.\n\nWhen sending copy of this also to e. V. of Copy dress Drallash Boyse.\n\nTotke. \n\nJas Nis Andrews \n\n2/10 at once", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-582-16 Arrangements for securing funds for trade commissioner 1-9-1939 - 18-1-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 574954, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-14 Newsletters from Sir Geoffrey Northcote- Governor of Hong Kong 21-4-1941 - 24-11-1941", "page_number": 24, "title": "CO129-590-14 Newsletters from Sir Geoffrey Northcote- Governor of Hong Kong 21-4-1941 - 24-11-1941", "content_text": "- 4 -\n\nInstant Plants \n\nthus Wire \n\nof the former is that at certain points \nfood stores, administration huts, including \nfirst aid post and communal kitchen, should \nbe put up, around which would group huts for \ndis-housed persons. Each dispersal area on \nthe Island relates to a particular portion \nof the town of Victoria. The only real \nproblem in connection with these centres is \nwhether to erect more than is absolutely \nnecessary, i.e. food store, kitchen, administration \nhut, etc., in view of the risk of the whole lot \nbeing blown away by a typhoon. My present \ninclination is to have no more than the \nframework of the living sheds put up but to \nkeep the roofing and walling materials in \nstore nearby.\n\nThe other scheme was for dispersal away \nfrom the Island. Naturally we shall want to \nget as many of the Chinese population as we \ncan away from the Island before an attack on \nit is launched. Selwyn-Clarke had proposed a \nmost ambitious scheme which had aimed at getting \n300,000 people away and had 'coloured' this with \nland settlement proposals which made it look \nattractive superficially. Norton was far from \nbeing convinced by the scheme and appointed a \ncommittee under Grasett to go further into it. \nThat committee's report cut it down a lot but \nadvised the immediate inception of certain \nagricultural settlements on the Island of Lantau \nand on the mainland near Sai Kung in Shelter", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-14 Newsletters from Sir Geoffrey Northcote- Governor of Hong Kong 21-4-1941 - 24-11-1941.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575201, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "page_number": 42, "title": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "content_text": "# \nor two ladies in our groups fainted, which is possibly the very thing the Japanese wished for.\n\nArriving some two and a half hours later on the other side of Hongkong, we saw what was to be our home for the next 21 months; however, little did we realize then that this little strip of land was to be our jail for the best part of two years.\n\nOn a narrow neck of land between the main part of the island and the Stanley Fort, we were enclosed by barbed wire in a space of approximately 50 acres. Our community of British, Americans, and later Dutch, Belgians, Norwegians, etc., were housed in buildings that were originally built for European, Indian, and Chinese jail warders' quarters, and the College with adjacent buildings which formerly housed the St. Stephen's College and staff.\n\nAs a result of the heavy fighting that took place on the Stanley Peninsula, many of the buildings were badly damaged to such an extent that they were unfit for human habitation, yet the inadequate housing accommodation made it necessary that such buildings be occupied.\n\nOur first, and real, problem was making these buildings habitable, but without the necessary materials for repairs, this, and the construction of communal kitchens, clinics, was a task in itself, and for the first few weeks, life in the Camp was very hectic.\n\nThe next problem was to get satisfactory cooks able to boil rice. If the rice wasn't almost raw, it would be burnt or overcooked to a mash, and it was some time before the kitchen staffs were able to maintain consistency in their cooking.\n\nOur food those first days was sickening. Twice a day, a bowl of rice and a small cup of fish soup full of bones with boiled lettuce leaves made up our diet, but even such unpalatable food in those winter days was looked forward to. Hunger was our chief complaint, and on many occasions, internees have broken down and cried from sheer hunger and exhaustion. During that first spring in Camp, food deficiency diseases began to break out in earnest, beri-beri in various forms, and a general loss of energy throughout the whole Camp. This was more marked among the middle-aged and elderly persons. Figures taken throughout the entire period of our internment showed that the average bodily loss in weight was approximately 25%.\n\nTo give some idea of the rations received in Camp, it is best to give the daily ration figures received over the entire period of confinement per person in ounces. These were as follows:\n| Food Item | Quantity (oz.) |\n| --- | --- |\n| Flour | 4.0 |\n| Rice | 7.0 |\n| Oil | 1/5 |\n| Salt | 1/3 |\n| Sugar | 1/4 |\n| Firewood | 9.5 |\n| Combined Meat and Fish | 5.5 |\n| Vegetables | 7.1 |\n\nThe meat consisted of buffalo, of which 65% was bone, occasionally pork, and for a period of six weeks, mutton, this latter being cold store stock which the Japanese and Chinese do not eat. The fish sent in to us was of the poorest quality, either conger eel, mackerel, or a local many-boned small fish, and more than was necessary, it arrived in the first stages of putrefaction, especially during the summer months, when ice packing as refrigeration was inadequate. The vegetables were usually made up of gourds (melon, pumpkin, marrow, turnips, etc.) and a few greens usually consisting of lettuce, water spinach, and local Chinese cabbage. On many occasions, when meat or fish was rejected on the grounds that it was diseased or putrefying, and representations were made to the Japanese Authorities, our requests for replacement of this deficit were only ignored, so that the figures shown above of the daily rations do not represent the true figures, but only those received.\n\nPossibly the most disheartening part of the early internment came when, after spending weeks of hard labor in preparing and seeding new gardens, where gardens had never been before, the Authorities cut off the gardens with barbed-wire fencing, placing them outside our boundaries, and thus cutting off all access to them. With the food situation so meagre, this act was unjustifiable and unforgivable.\n\nWith the arrival of the Red Cross supplies in November 1942, the general health of the Camp took a definite upward trend. Whereas, prior to receiving these life-giving supplies, the clinics and hospitals were unable to cope with the number of septic cases in Camp, after the first two weeks of absorbing proteins, etc., septicaemia dropped to a minimum among the internees, and cases that had been receiving treatment for weeks now began to cure very quickly.\n\nIt was at this time that the Japanese perpetrated another unforgivable crime in the eyes of us all in Camp. Received in parcels from friends in town were canned goods foreign to Hongkong, but the same as that received in our Red Cross parcels, showing that these foodstuffs had been looted and sold in town.\n\n64251-1\n\n14", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575208, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "page_number": 49, "title": "CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943", "content_text": "# BRITISH CIVILIAN INTERNMENT CAMP STANLEY \n## HONGKONG \n### SANITATION REPORT \n\nThe general sanitation of the Stanley Camp was under the direct supervision of Dr. N. Macleod, Medical Officer of Health, and Deputy Director of Health Services, Hongkong Government. The actual work was undertaken by his staff, consisting of 26 qualified Health Inspectors, while one veterinary surgeon and one food inspector inspected all fresh foodstuffs coming into the Camp.\n\nThe inspectors handled the cleansing of drains, sewers, pavements, weekly inspections of the insides of buildings, daily cleansing of communal water closets, disposal of refuse, chlorination of drinking water, eradication of smoke, fly breeding and other nuisances, daily inspection of all communal kitchens, and a strict anti-malarial campaign.\n\nThe drainage of the Camp consisted of a three-way system, all sewage handled by septic tanks, seven in number, of which three only were accessible, the remainder being outside the barbed wire fencing. Due to the serious overcharging of these tanks, it was found necessary to by-pass them directly to the sea. All sullage water drains were eventually joined to the storm water drains and flowed through one main drain into the open sea.\n\nDespite the fact that washing and bathing facilities were very meagre, there being approximately one tap per 15 persons, there were only three cases reported requiring delousing. On the other hand, due to the type of buildings, the lack of disinfecting materials and adequate supplies of soap, during the summer months there were few buildings that were free from bugs, and the only methods applicable were the exposing of infected bedding etc. to sunlight.\n\nThe buildings making up the camp were enclosed in an area of approximately 50 acres, and were originally built to house European, Chinese, and Indian Jail Warders, as well as students and masters of the St. Stephen's College. The water closet accommodation for the entire Camp averaged 1 w.c. per 12 persons.\n\nThe population of the whole Camp was in August 1943, 2,572. In the Indian Quarters, housing 750 persons, there was 1 native type w.c. for every 6 persons; the European married Quarters, housing 750, one European type w.c. for 22 persons, while in the Science Block 1 European type w.c. did for 56 adults. The only urinals were those in the St. Stephen's College buildings, originally a boys' school. These buildings were finally kept segregated, with a few exceptions, for men. Emergency dry earth pits were constructed, but due to the sandy nature of the soil and the lack of wood for cribbing, were constantly caving in, and found unsatisfactory.\n\nHousing accommodation was inadequate and very poor. Due to the fact that this area had been under heavy shell-fire, many buildings were badly damaged, and with the refusal of the Japanese Authorities to supply building materials, such as cement, wood etc. for repairing purposes, many persons were housed in untenable quarters, exposed to the elements. To give some indication of the overcrowding, the average floor space per person was \n\n## Page 48 \n## Page 19", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-22 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 19-1-1943 - 20-11-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575481, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 123, "title": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "We left Chinese tobacco at HK$12.00 per catty; in Hongkong, it was selling at HK$42.00 per catty in small quantities in the Camp. Smuggled cigarettes, Camels HK$15.00 per tin of 50s, Players HK$2.50 for a packet of 10s, Macao cigarettes HK$1.80 to HK$2.00 per packet of 10s. No effort has been made to supply tobacco officially at reasonable prices to internees.\n\nI will add a little here about the perpetual queuing up in the Camp, which is most trying, particularly for older people. We were eight in our room and arranged to queue up for the Canteen, which was to open at 1:30 p.m. We started at 8:00 a.m. and we were not the first, as we had hoped we would be, by a long chalk, and took it in turns to take an hour each. We bought what we could at 3:30 p.m. in the afternoon. Again, where the Communal Kitchens cooked for five to six hundred people, it is necessary to queue up twice a day for fifteen minutes at least to be served with your cooked ration of rice, etc. The prices as quoted, when compared with Chungking prices, did not appear very great but were very high in comparison with old Hongkong prices and prices during the war and even after the Surrender. Among the delicacies which Cheng insisted on our buying were a lot of toothpicks.\n\n## Paragraph 16\n\nThompson says, harking back to the rations, no food allowance was made for children under 3 years of age. Selwyn Clark was, I believe, responsible for getting them a small issue of milk daily, about 1 pint, but I am not clear on this.\n\n## Paragraph 17\n\nDemand for payment for food supplied.\n\n**\"About the end of February, a sudden demand was made by Miyaki through Cheng for the payment of some HK$18,000.00 for food supplied during the stay in the Chinese Hotels and to date in the Camp. Fraser (British, and in the C.I.C. during the War; he was Defence Secretary), Bolt (Dutch), and Hunt (U.S.A.) handled the negotiations, Fraser taking the lead. The Geneva Convention, by which it was understood that the Japanese had agreed to abide, although not signatories, vis-a-vis the Americans, was quoted at length. Fraser held that the Japanese should treat us equally. The demand was imperative, due, I believe, to the impending sudden departure of Miyaki. A time limit for payment was given, backed by a threat from Cheng to turn the Gendarmerie loose in the Camp to seize money and valuables to settle the account. Miyaki's attitude was adamant. Fraser reasoned there were three ways of meeting the demand.\n\n(1) To refuse point blank; the demand was backed by the threat to discontinue the supply of rations.\n(2) To meet the demand by a levy on the Private Bank accounts of internees.\n(3) To settle the demand through the British and American Banks.\n\nFraser quite correctly pointed out during the negotiations that the settlement of internees' expenses was a matter which should be settled after hostilities between Governments and not between \"comparatively minor Officials\" - a phrase that especially annoyed Miyaki and Cheng. Cheng subsequently announced to a number of us internees collected outside the room where the discussion was taking place that no rations would be issued to British internees. I personally heard this. Subsequently, the threat was withdrawn, and the rations issued. Fraser, however, came to the conclusion after long discussion with...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575484, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 126, "title": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "## Paragraphs 21-23\n\nI am only able to speak naturally of the work of the Camp Committee so far as results affected us in the Camp. I was unfortunately not able to discuss the more confidential work of the Committee with Fraser before we left, mainly because Fraser wished to know nothing officially or unofficially of our intentions. He was terribly decent in lots of ways though and did come up, by accident of course, and wish us the best of luck.\n\n### Paragraph 21 - News\n\nThese are Thompson's notes:\n\n\"We were at first able to get some indication of world news through Selwyn Clark's visits, but when these were stopped, we had more or less nothing but the 'Daily Liar' - The Hongkong News printed by Tekashito etc., naturally a depressing source of information. You have probably seen copies.\"\n\n### Paragraph 22 - Hospital\n\nAgain quoting direct from Thompson's notes:\n\n\"Under Dr. Uttley's supervision when we left. I do not know much of conditions - there is no lack of medical skill but a great lack of surgical and medical equipment. Beds are full, mainly elderly people (and war wounded). Queen Mary Hospital was ordered to be cleared of patients at very short notice. Medical officers and nursing staff brought what they could in the transport provided. A Dental Clinic (SHIELDS) and a private medical clinic (TALBOT, GOURDIN & HACKETT) have been opened in the Camp. Both are working under full pressure. I cannot say much on this angle but I have reason to believe that steps to operate the hospital under international management were under discussion. There have been a number of dysentery cases in the Camp - The general stamina is so reduced owing to the low diet that one cannot but fear widespread results in the event of an epidemic in the Camp. Uttley has been doing all he can to talk calories and vitamins to the Japanese through Cheng.\"\n\n### Paragraph 23 - Camp Life\n\nAgain quoting direct from Thompson's notes:\n\n\"After the first few days, people have generally settled down to make the best of conditions. Herklots was able to get a supply of seeds and all the available ground has been put under cultivation, including the prison gardens outside the gaol; occupation it provides an outlet for energy but the amount that can be produced will have little effect on the food standard. Some work has been done to remove traces of war damage. Communal camp work under the temporary Camp Committee proved a failure due to lack of organization. When we left, this aspect was still under organization by the Permanent Camp Committee. In the meantime, individual blocks have done the best they can to fix up Communal Kitchens - The bungalows are perhaps the best organized in this respect. Encouraged by the Americans, soft ball is played daily by many of the younger members; strenuous exercise is not easy on short rations. There is a movement to form a soft ball league. Concerts have been arranged and form quite a regular means of entertainment; we have had to thank the Maryknoll Fathers for setting a lead in this respect.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575487, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 129, "title": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "128\n\n(c) The threat to turn Moss over to the Gendarmerie was in my view a bluff on Cheng's part. If he was conscientiously concerned the gendarmes would have been called in in the earliest stages of the case.\n\n(a) Moss has been severely punished for an action in which he was in any case only one out of many party to the \"Looting\" purely to placate the Japanese who, as I have pointed out above, did not take a strong line in the matter, and Cheng, who came into the picture late for what he could get out of it. While there may have been reason to placate Cheng and the Japanese, the actual carrying out of the sentence and the creation of a prison within a prison under these circumstances constitutes a disgracefully humiliating attitude towards the Japanese and Cheng.\n\nNotwithstanding Moss's case, the looting of the Godowns continued in a milder form. Certain persons in the Camp took it upon themselves to watch for and report attempts on the godowns. Pennefeather Ivens's attempts to stop Police looting the stores were of no avail, and his attitude subsequently changed to one of condoning the offence. Under a later paragraph, I have much to write on the subject of Pennefeather Evans.\n\nOn the night we left the Camp, the Japanese Superintendent recently appointed reported to Pennefeather Evans that food stuffs were still being taken from the godowns and that he had traced a trail of peas and had evidence pointing to a specific Police Officer unnamed. His attitude was sympathetic to the effect that he stated he realised that the looting was due to lack of food in the camp, but that it must be stopped. Pennefeather Evans admitted that he could not control the Police in the matter, and suggested that Japanese Guards should be placed on the Godowns. Prior to leaving, I had information that such guards had been placed.\n\nAs a matter of fact, it was most convenient for our escape as the Japanese were very busy guarding the Godowns on one side of the Camp, and we slipped out of the other side.\n\n## Paragraph 25\n\nLaw in Camp.\n\nAs indicated above, no specific authority has been delegated to the Committee to administer law within the Camp. A Watch Committee has been formed with Pennefeather Evans as convener. I do not know what the Watch Committee is up to. Camp life has brought to light a number of latent instincts in surprising instances, and it is necessary to keep a sharp look out for petty pilfering. Such should and probably will be dealt with under Camp discipline in due course. The American block and certain of the British blocks maintain a permanent guard on communal property.\n\n## Paragraph 26 - R. Pennefeather Evans.\n\nThompson in his letter to me says:\n\n\"I want this to go forward but leave it to your discretion when and how - In the meantime, keep it pretty confidential.\"\n\nI shall have to think about this.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575493, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 135, "title": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "# No.91.\n\nBy Air Bag.\n\n134\n\n**BRITISH ARMY, CHUNGKING.**\n\n23rd April, 1942.\n\nI have the honour to transmit to you herewith a copy of an interesting and valuable report by Mr. Gordon King, Dean of the Medical Faculty of Hongkong University, who is now in Chungking, on conditions in Hongkong up to the time of his escape on the 17th February, 1942.\n\n2\\. From a Chinese source it is reported that His Excellency Sir Mark Young, Governor of Hongkong is interned at the Peninsula Hotel in room 806 on the sixth floor. He is reported to have complained about insufficient food whereupon the Japanese cut down his rations still further. The newly-appointed Japanese Governor is reported to have his quarters on the third floor of the same hotel.\n\n3\\. Americans are organised at Stanley with their own communal feeding arrangements, and are reported to be better off than the other prisoners. It seems clear from reports received that the British are singled out for markedly bad treatment.\n\n4\\. Copies of this report will no doubt be shown to the Colonial Office and the Service Departments.\n\nI have the honour to be with the highest respect,\nSir,\nyour most obedient humble servant,\n\nThe Right Honourable,\nRobert Anthony Eden, M.P.\n\n`FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY` should be marked as **CONFIDENTIAL** or similar, but since the original text uses \"FFIC..\" it is assumed to be cut off. However, based on the given text \"FOR IGN ...FFIC..\", a reasonable reconstruction is not feasible; hence, it is left as is: FOR IGN ...FFIC.. \n\nHowever, to follow the format to the letter as requested:\nThe Right Honourable,\nRobert Anthony Eden, M.P.\nFOR IGN ...FFIC.. \nLondon.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575651, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 3, "title": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "# File Index: Hong Kong Intelligence Reports (1942)\n\n| Ref. | Date | Description | Source / Notes |\n|------|------|-------------|----------------|\n| 94 | — | Reports compiled by Calcutta Censor Station on conditions in Hongkong | — |\n| 95 | 9.5.1942 | Information from J. Joasted (Russian Engineer employed by Butterfield & Swire) | Memorandum by W.G. Poy, 18.7.42 |\n| 96 | — | Extract P.M. | — |\n| 97 | May 1942 | Memo by P.V. McLane | — |\n| 98 | 3.8.42 | Extract from Batavia Radio | — |\n| 99 | 9.8.42 | Extract from Jokio | — |\n| 100 | 29.8.42 | Extract from Jokio | — |\n| 101 | 28.7.42 | M12 (Chungking Intelligence Summary) | — |\n| 102 | 31.8.42 | P/W Dept Report of British Communal Council, Hongkong | — |\n| 103 | — | Extract for Evening Standard | — |\n| 104 | 29.4.42 | Evening Standard: Repatriation of Am. passengers on exchange ships at Lourenco Marques | — |\n| 105 | 28.7.42 – 4.8.42 | Letter from Mrs F.S. Bayres | — |\n\n---\n\nMr. Monson's note on the information which we have received about the collaboration with the Japanese of various individuals in Hong Kong will be useful. The intention is that it should be kept on top of the file and that any further similar information that may come in should be added to it.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575796, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 148, "title": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "PRISONERS OF WAR DEPARTMENT,\n\nDevonshire House\n\nPiccadilly, W. 1.\n\nAugust, 31st. 1942.\n\n101\n\n147\n\nK. V. 53/7.\n\nDear Cole,\n\nI enclose for your information a copy of a report by the British Communal Council at Hong Kong describing its activities at the Stanley internment camp. This has been received through His Majesty's Ambassador at Rio de Janeiro. I am afraid we have no spare copy of the report and in view of its length we should be grateful if you could let us have it back when you have done with it.\n\nI would mention that the Ambassador informs us that it was smuggled out of Hong Kong by an American, and he suggests that no public use should be made of it without consulting the United States Government.\n\nYours sincerely,\n\n(Sgd) ... Filliter.\n\nColonel S... Cole, C.M.G., O.B.E.,\n\nColonial Office.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575797, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 149, "title": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "COPY.\n\nBRITISH COMMUNAL COUNCIL\n\n148\n\nA REVIEW OF ITS ACTIVITIES DURING THE PAST THREE MONTHS.\n\nDuring the first three months of its existence the British Communal Council, which succeeded the British Temporary Camp Committee on the 1st March, 1942, has unceasingly worked for the general improvement of living conditions in Stanley Internment Camp. In particular, it has made every endeavour to obtain for internees a sufficiency of rations and a balanced diet. In this it has met with a small measure of success, due in the main to a closer contact with the Japanese Authorities following the appointment of Messrs. Nakazawa and T. Yamashita as Camp Superintendents in succession to Mr. K.L. Cheng.\n\nSince its inception, the Council has followed the general policy outlined at its first meeting, namely, complete cooperation with the American and Dutch Communities, amicable and tactful relationship with the Japanese Administration, and the Chinese Block Supervisors and of initiating a programme aimed at securing the maximum benefit for all. At an early date, the relationship between the Hong Kong Government (through the Colonial Secretary's Office) and the Council was defined by means of a memorandum, and as a result, smooth working between the two bodies has been assured.\n\nAn innovation which tended towards keeping Block Committees and internees better informed on matters discussed by the Council was introduced when the Council invited Block Chairmen, not already members of the Council, to attend Council Meetings.\n\nAs stated above, the Council, from the outset, has paid particular attention to the problem of obtaining for internees adequate food and a balanced diet. In this connection, on 29th March and 6th May, special letters were addressed by the Council to the Japanese Authorities stressing that the rations supplied were far below those advocated by medical and dietetic experts resident in the Camp. On these, and on many other occasions, the Council, through its Chairman, has requested increased quantities of food containing proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and fresh fruits. So far, these requests have been the means of obtaining for internees increases principally in the flour and vegetable issues with a better assortment of the latter, including sweet potatoes.\n\nIn this connection, the following figures supplied by Mr. W.J. Anderson, the Camp Quartermaster, should prove of interest to all concerned:\n\n \n Basic Ration\n 21st Jan, 1942\n 25th March, 1942\n \n \n Rice\n 1/2 catty\n 1/2 catty\n \n \n Flour\n ...\n 5/16 catty\n \n \n Sugar\n 40 ... per day\n 1 catty\n17.04 ozs.\n \n \n Salt\n 50 ... per day\n 1 lb\n \n \n Peanut Oil\n 50 ... per day\n 10.65 ozs.\n \n \n Beans\n 10 persons every other day 1 lb\n 1 lb\n \n \n Milk\n 1/2 tin each child under three years\n \n \n \n Firewood\n 1/2 catty each person per day\n \n \n\n(Scale laid down by the Authorities)\n\nN.B. the...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575801, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 153, "title": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "152\n\nthe Billeting Committee of the Council had under consideration a scheme to effect a more equitable distribution of internees throughout the Camp. Failing to secure additional living space from the Authorities, such a scheme had to await the impending departure of the American internees, and it is anticipated that by this means, eventually more suitable living quarters will be found for the women and children and the aged and infirm and at the same time relieve some of the serious overcrowding in so many Blocks in the Camp.\n\nThe formation by British women of a British Women's Group received the warm approval of the Council. Already this Group is making its influence felt, particularly in the matter of assistance to so many men whose knowledge of housewifery is, as yet, incomplete.\n\nFrom the first day of internment at Stanley, the matter of a cash allowance to internees has always been to the forefront, and the Council has never neglected an opportunity to remind the Japanese Authorities of the necessity for such. As a result of repeated representations, the Japanese Authorities at last offered such an allowance in the form of a loan to the three Communities in Camp: $300,000 was the sum involved. After much negotiation, it was finally agreed by the three Camp Councils that this sum should be expended for the purchase of goods suitable, in the main, to individual requirements. Accordingly, it was decided that the sum of approximately $105 due to each internee, $75 should be expended by the individual and the balance should be set aside for food and goods suitable for use in communal kitchens. A Loan Purchase and Distribution Committee was appointed and eventually three buyers were permitted to proceed to Hong Kong. Meanwhile, $50,000 of the Communal portion of the Loan was distributed in cash involving the provision of $17.40 per capita. At the moment of writing, the American and Dutch Communities have been served through the scheme and the British internees eagerly await the arrival of the parcel of foodstuffs, etc., so necessary for the maintenance of their health and comfort. Mention must also be made of the fact that the repayment of this loan has been guaranteed by the Hong Kong Government and/or the British Imperial Government.\n\nRecord\n\nIn the course of this short review, it has not been possible to note in detail all of the activities carried on in the Camp, but mention must be made of the parts which Religion and Education have played during our enforced stay at Stanley. In addition to Roman Catholic and Lutheran Church Services, from the outset there have been United Church Services held in the Great Hall of St. Stephen's College. These Services have been arranged by the Ministers and Clergy Group, under the Chairmanship of the Rev. F. Short, and in themselves, considering the number of denominations represented, have formed a remarkable approach to unity.\n\nThe Communal School for British, American, and Dutch children, which opened in St. Stephen's Hall on 9th February, continues to carry on under great difficulties, there still being a few books and little equipment available. The School has an enrolment of approximately 160 and is served by 27 qualified teachers. School work ranges from Kindergarten up to Matriculation.\n\nThe cultural side of life in Camp has by no means been neglected. From the early days of confinement at Stanley, a library was formed in St. Stephen's Block and, in due season, other libraries were introduced into Blocks occupied by British internees. A circulating system for the exchange of books is now in force. Concerts, Dances, and Lectures have also been held from time to time, the large attendances at which have testified to the need of entertainment wherewith to...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575802, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 154, "title": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "153\n\nto break the monotony of camp life.\n\nAlthough the work of the Medical Department, Private Practitioners and Dentists, must of necessity be outside the scope of this report, such would be incomplete were not mention made and a meed of praise given to those doctors and nursing sisters who have so willingly and ably looked after our health and who have so assiduously attended to our requirements in the various Block Dispensaries and Clinics and at Tweed Bay Hospital. The thanks of the Council and the Community are also due and herewith extended to Dr. P. S. Selwyn Clarke, Director of the Medical Services, for all that he has done for our welfare outside and inside the Camp.\n\nThe officers serving during the period under review were - Mr. L. R. Nielson (Chairman), Mr. B. Kylie (Vice-Chairman), Mr. M. F. Key (Secretary) and elected members.\n\nMembers of the Executive Committee were: the Chairman, Vice-Chairman, Mr. F. C. Gimson (Colonial Secretary), Mr. J. A. Fraser, Mr. D. Newbigging and Mr. C. C. Roberts. Convenors of the various committees were Legal, Mr. H. G. Sheldon; Finance, Messrs. F. H. King and R. Young; Relief and Welfare, Rev. J. Sandbach; Light and Power, Mr. J. H. Seth; Billeting and Census, Mr. P. S. Witham; Communal Workshops, Mr. C. C. Roberts; Watch and Fire, Mr. J. P. Pennefather-Evans; Supplies and Canteen, Mr. D. L. Newbigging; Medical, Sanitation and Water, Mr. Marker; Religion and Education, Mr. A. Stericker; Labour Construction and Maintenance, Mr. R. D. Gillespie; Recreation, Entertainment and Gardens, Rev. W. H. Alton.\n\nThe thanks of the Council are extended to Mrs. E. Hardie (Interpreter) and to the following ladies for services rendered so willingly in its Secretariat: Mrs. Sando, Miss N. Walton-Smith, Mrs. P. Thompson, Miss D. Focken, Miss M. A. Taylor, Miss E. S. Woolley, Mrs. J. Walkden, Miss E. Corra and Mrs. Cholmely.\n\nSTANLEY, 15th June, 1942.\n\nI R. Nielson\n\nChairman.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575819, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "page_number": 171, "title": "CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905", "content_text": "SECRET\n\n170\n\nJeal tary of State for the Colonies,\n\nLONDON.\n\nsir:\n\nA large number of Hong Kong civilians, British, American and Dutch were interned on January 5th in Chinese Hotels. On January 21, and on subsequent days, they were removed to Stanley, and billeted in the College, School bungalow, warders' apartments, and the quarters of the Indian guards. The camp occupies a triangle between the Stanley Police Station, and the north end of the Prison, the road on the east, and Tytam Bay on the west. This area is surrounded by barbed wire, which is flood lighted at night. The internees are under \"protective custody\" according to the Japanese authorities, because Hongkong is in the war zone. Therefore, they are not entitled to any special considerations. In any case, the Japanese authorities maintain that they are receiving better rations than the Chinese in Hongkong or many Japanese in Japan, or people in occupied areas in Europe. There were 2,472 British subjects in the Stanley internment camp - 103 infants, 85 boys, 89 girls, 855 women, and 1,340 men on June 29th.\n\nThe internees were discouraged from taking much baggage either to the Hotels, or to Stanley. On arrival in Stanley, they had to clean and repair their quarters, many of which had been wrecked by bombs and shells. Rations were issued dry, and cooking facilities had to be contrived. Drinking water had to be boiled. No cooking utensils were provided, and there was a severe shortage of plates, spoons, cups and so forth. After the camp filled up, quarters were crowded, sanitary arrangements inadequate, privacy negligible, and there was a shortage of cots, bedding, blankets and personal clothing. Kitchen facilities were very primitive, and the volunteer cooks were handicapped because of the large number for which they had to cook. One kitchen prepared meals for over 700 people. Two meals were served, generally between 10 and 11 a.m. and 5 and 6 p.m. Hot water for drinking, or for making tea was available at frequent intervals. Internees did their own laundry, with inadequate facilities, and a shortage of hot water and soap.\n\nI enclose a statement showing the basic rations, according to the scale laid down by the Japanese authorities, and the actual issue for February, March, April and May. These were maintained during June. In addition to the rations, a canteen was run by the internees. Supplies were difficult to secure, and were available for sale at infrequent intervals. Money was scarce, so many internees were unable to buy from the canteen. In May, parcels were allowed to be sent to the camp.\n\nA sum of Yen 300,000 was advanced by the Japanese authorities for the use of the internees. This amounted to approximately Yen 105.- per person, of which Yen 30.- was placed by general consent to the credit of the communal kitchens, and individual orders were made out by the internees for the balance. The Americans had received their parcels to the value of approximately Yen 52.- early in June. The British internees were expecting theirs daily, but had not received them prior to June 29th. In view of the fact that many concessions were made to the Americans prior to their departure, it is probable that these parcels will not be forthcoming. It was the general consensus of opinion that the British would not fare so well after the departure of the repatriation ship.\n\nA make-shift Hospital was set up in the Wardens' Quarters at Tweed Bay. The 85 beds were full most of the time. Equipment was very limited. Washing had to be done outside the building. Rations were inadequate for sick people. By the end of June, supplies of drugs of all kinds were giving out, and powdered and canned milk and other provisions were practically exhausted. All these supplies should", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-24 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578007, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-4 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 7-1-1944 - 21-11-1944", "page_number": 28, "title": "CO129-591-4 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 7-1-1944 - 21-11-1944", "content_text": "28\n\nThe Japanese stated that they did not acknowledge but merely tolerated the Red Cross Organization in Hong Kong.\n\nMr. Lindel, who holds the post as representative, and his entire staff were appointed by the Japanese. He has never been permitted to inspect the camp, but is driven in and taken straight to Japanese headquarters. Anyone desirous of an interview with Mr. Lindel may be granted one, but only in the presence of Japanese officials.\n\nHon. Mr. Gimson lodged a strong protest with the Japanese and Mr. Lindel regarding a report on camp conditions sent without his knowledge to Geneva, which gave an entirely false impression concerning the health and comfort of internees.\n\nThe report from Geneva to the world, embodying this report from Hong Kong, was reprinted in the \"Hong Kong Daily Herald,\" and it was from this news sheet that Mr. Gimson obtained his information.\n\nOur medical authorities were not consulted regarding the so-called report, nor did the Japanese make a medical survey of the camp.\n\nApart from Japanese administration, we had our own representative body known as the British Communal Council, headed by Mr. Gimson. All matters relating to the routine government of internees are dealt with by this body.\n\nSir Athol MacGregor presides on the bench, meting out such punishment as befits the case. Needless to say, the Japanese reserve the right at all times to interfere. Also, they have their own regulations with accompanying punishment; e.g., any person, man, woman, or child, found near the barbed wire is liable to be shot without warning.\n\nIt gives me pleasure to say that the bodies of our military forces found within the confines of the camp have been properly buried, and thanks to Kessra, Robinson, and Rothwell, all graves, including those of civilians, have appropriate headstones suitably inscribed, chipped out by hand from granite blocks found in the camp. These men have earned the praise and thanks of all.\n\nThe cemetery, which is the original military one in which British soldiers and their families were buried as early as 1843, is the resting place of those of the forces who could be conveniently placed there, together with those who have died in camp. It is maintained and kept in excellent order by Mr. Brown, formerly of China Light & Power Co. Ltd. This man lost his younger son in the battle for Hong Kong and recently received word that his elder boy died in Bowen Road Military Hospital through tuberculosis during the early part of 1943 as a prisoner of war.\n\nOn July 20th, 1943, we Canadians were ordered to appear at Japanese Headquarters to learn of plans for repatriation.\n\nA week prior to our leaving, we were again called up\n\nand", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-4 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 7-1-1944 - 21-11-1944.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578348, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944", "page_number": 57, "title": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944", "content_text": "56\n\n11.\n\nQuarantine.\n\nIn view of the very close relations, commercial and otherwise, which exist between Hong Kong, Canton and Macao and the difficulties of taking effective quarantine measures without detrimental effects on commercial and political relationships, efforts should be made to conclude agreements with the Health Authorities in Canton and Macao for the institution of reciprocal measures to prevent the spread of disease.\n\n12.\n\nImmigration.\n\nThe Director should co-operate with other Departments concerned in regard to the exclusion from the Colony of undesirable persons.\n\n13. Social Welfare,\n\nThe Director and his staff should play their full part on the Central and Local Welfare Councils which it will be the policy to set up in Hong Kong. (See Social Welfare Directive).\n\n140\n\nRefugees and Destitutes.\n\nThe Director should co-operate fully in any measure which may be taken to ameliorate the lot of refugees and destitutes.\n\nThe services of medical and health personnel should be made available if it is decided to establish \"semi-permanent\" or \"transient\" camps or both. The Director should also co-operate in the selection of suitable sites and provide sanitary supervision for communal kitchens etc.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578351, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944", "page_number": 60, "title": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944", "content_text": "59\n\n8. Medical Institutions.\n\nEvery effort should be made to re-open existing hospitals and, if necessary, to equip and staff emergency hospitals to meet the needs of the population.\n\n9. Special Institutions.\n\nAdequate accommodation for the segregation and treatment of cases of infectious diseases, mental patients and lepers should be provided. Steps should be taken to arrange for the transfer of mental patients and of lepers to suitable institutions, Government or Missionary, in South China, by the conclusion of agreements with local Chinese Authorities and the Missionary bodies concerned.\n\n10. Nutrition.\n\nIt will be the duty of the Director of Medical Services, in collaboration with the other Departments concerned, to frame a nutritional policy for the Colony. Early consideration should be given to the question of restricting the importation, for consumption in the Colony, of highly milled rice, which should be replaced by undermilled rice.\n\n11. Quarantine.\n\nIn view of the very close relations, commercial and otherwise, which exist between Hong Kong, Canton and Macao and the difficulties of taking effective quarantine measures without detrimental effects on commercial and political relationships, efforts should be made to conclude agreements with the Health Authorities in Canton and Macao for the institution of reciprocal measures to prevent the spread of disease.\n\n12. Immigration.\n\nThe Director should co-operate with other Departments concerned in regard to the exclusion from the Colony of undesirable persons.\n\n13. Social Welfare.\n\nThe Director and his staff should play their full part on the Central and Local Welfare Councils which it will be the policy to set up in Hong Kong. (See Social Welfare Directive).\n\n14. Refugees and Destitutes.\n\nThe Director should co-operate fully in any measure which may be taken to ameliorate the lot of refugees and destitutes. Services of medical and health personnel should be made available if it is decided to establish \"semi-permanent\" or \"transient\" camps or both. The Director should also co-operate in the selection of suitable sites and provide sanitary supervision for communal kitchens etc.\n\nPage 60\nPage 61", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578353, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944", "page_number": 62, "title": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944", "content_text": "61\n\n8. Medical Institutions.\n\nEvery effort should be made to re-open existing hospitals and, if necessary, to equip and staff emergency hospitals to meet the needs of the population.\n\n9. Special Institutions.\n\nAdequate accommodation for the segregation and treatment of cases of infectious diseases, mental patients and lepers should be provided. Steps should be taken to arrange for the transfer of mental patients and of lepers to suitable institutions, Government or Missionary, in South China, by the conclusion of agreements with local Chinese Authorities and the Missionary bodies concerned.\n\n10. Nutrition.\n\nIt will be the duty of the Director of Medical Services, in collaboration with the other Departments concerned, to frame a nutritional policy for the Colony. Early consideration should be given to the question of restricting the importation, for consumption in the Colony, of highly milled rice, which should be replaced by undermilled rice.\n\n11. Quarantine.\n\nIn view of the very close relations, commercial and otherwise, which exist between Hong Kong, Canton and Macao and the difficulties of taking effective quarantine measures without detrimental effects on commercial and political relationships, efforts should be made to conclude agreements with the Health Authorities in Canton and Macao for the institution of reciprocal measures to prevent the spread of disease.\n\n12. Immigration.\n\nThe Director should co-operate with other Departments concerned in regard to the exclusion from the Colony of undesirable persons.\n\n13. Social Welfare.\n\nThe Director and his staff should play their full part on the Central and Local Welfare Councils which it will be the policy to set up in Hong Kong. (See Social Welfare Directive).\n\n14. Refugees and Destitutes.\n\nThe Director should co-operate fully in any measure which may be taken to ameliorate the lot of refugees and destitutes. The services of medical and health personnel should be made available if it is decided to establish \"semi-permanent\" or \"transient\" camps or both. The Director should also co-operate in the selection of suitable sites and provide sanitary supervision for communal kitchens etc.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578360, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944", "page_number": 69, "title": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944", "content_text": "68\n\nof mental patients and of lepers to suitable institutions, Government or Missionary, in South China, by the conclusion of agreements with local Chinese Authorities and the Missionary bodies concerned.\n\n10. Nutrition\n\nIt will be the duty of the Director of Medical Services, in collaboration with the other Departments concerned, to frame a nutritional policy for the Colony. Early consideration should be given to the question of restricting the importation, for consumption in the Colony, of highly milled rice, which should be done carefully.\n\n10. Quarantine\n\nIn view of the very close relations, commercial and otherwise, which exist between Hong Kong, Canton and Macao and the difficulties of taking effective quarantine measures without detrimental effects on commercial and political relationships, efforts should be made to conclude agreements with the Health Authorities in Canton and Macao for the institution of reciprocal measures to prevent the spread of disease.\n\n12. Immigration\n\nThe Director should co-operate with other Departments concerned in regard to the exclusion from the Colony of undesirable persons.\n\n20, 23. Social Welfare\n\nThe Director and his staff should play their full part on the Central and Local Welfare Councils which it will be the policy to set up in Hong Kong. (See Social Welfare Directive).\n\n14. Refugees and Destitutes\n\nThe Director should co-operate fully in any measure which may be taken to ameliorate the lot of refugees and destitutes. Services of medical and health personnel should be made available if it is decided to establish \"semi-permanent\" or \"transient\" camps or both.\n\nThe Director should also co-operate in the selection of suitable sites and provide sanitary supervision for communal kitchens etc.\n\n3", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578381, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944", "page_number": 90, "title": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944", "content_text": "89\n\nof mental patients and of lepers to suitable institutions, Government or Missionary, in South China, by the conclusion of agreements with local Chinese Authorities and the Missionary bodies concerned.\n\n10. Nutrition\n\nIt will be the duty of the Director of Medical Services, in collaboration with the other Departments concerned, to frame a nutritional policy for the Colony. Early consideration should be given to the question of restricting the importation, for consumption in the Colony, of highly milled rice.\n\n11. Quarantine\n\nIn view of the very close relations, commercial and otherwise, which exist between Hong Kong, Canton and Macao and the difficulties of taking effective quarantine measures without detrimental effects on commercial and political relationships, efforts should be made to conclude agreements with the Health Authorities in Canton and Macao for the institution of reciprocal measures to prevent the spread of disease.\n\n12. Immigration\n\nThe Director should co-operate with other Departments concerned in regard to the exclusion from the Colony of undesirable persons.\n\n13. Social Welfare\n\nThe Director and his staff should play their full part on the Central and Local Welfare Councils which it will be the policy to set up in Hong Kong. (See Social Welfare Directive).\n\n14. Refugees and Destitutes\n\nThe Director should co-operate fully in any measure which may be taken to ameliorate the lot of refugees and destitutes. Services of medical and health personnel should be made available if it is decided to establish \"semi-permanent\" or \"transient\" camps or both.\n\nThe Director should also co-operate in the selection of suitable sites and provide sanitary supervision for communal kitchens etc.\n\n3\n\nPage 90\n\nPage 91", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578446, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944", "page_number": 155, "title": "CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944", "content_text": "semi-permanent or transient camps or both.\n\nThe Director should also co-operate in the selection of\n\nsuitable sites and provide sanitary supervision for communal\n\nkitchens etc.\n\nPage 154", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-8 Policy directives 10-3-1944 - 17-8-1944.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578503, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-9 Policy directives 15-1-1945 - 15-1-1945", "page_number": 42, "title": "CO129-591-9 Policy directives 15-1-1945 - 15-1-1945", "content_text": "42\n\n11.\n\nQuarantine.\n\nIn view of the very close relations, commercial and otherwise, which exist between Hong Kong, Canton and Macao and the difficulties of taking effective quarantine measures without detrimental effects on commercial and political relationships, efforts should be made to conclude agreements with the Health Authorities in Canton and Macao for the institution of reciprocal measures to prevent the spread of disease.\n\n12.\n\nImmigration.\n\nThe Director should co-operate with other Departments concerned in regard to the exclusion from the Colony of undesirable persons.\n\n13. Social Welfare.\n\nThe Director and his staff should play their full part on the Central and Local Welfare Councils which it will be the policy to set up in Hong Kong. (See Social Welfare Directive).\n\n140\n\nRefugees and Destitutes.\n\nThe Director should co-operate fully in any measure which may be taken to ameliorate the lot of refugees and destitutes. The services of medical and health personnel should be made available if it is decided to establish \"semi-permanent\" or \"transient\" camps or both. The Director should also co-operate in the selection of suitable sites and provide sanitary supervision for communal kitchens etc.\n\nColonial Office,\n\n8th October, 1945.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-9 Policy directives 15-1-1945 - 15-1-1945.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578518, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-9 Policy directives 15-1-1945 - 15-1-1945", "page_number": 57, "title": "CO129-591-9 Policy directives 15-1-1945 - 15-1-1945", "content_text": "57\n\n11.\n\nQuarantine.\n\nIn view of the very close relations, commercial and otherwise, which exist between Hong Kong, Canton and Macao and the difficulties of taking effective quarantine measures without detrimental effects on commercial and political relationships, efforts should be made to conclude agreements with the Health Authorities in Canton and Macao for the institution of reciprocal measures to prevent the spread of disease.\n\n12.\n\nImmigration.\n\nThe Director should co-operate with other Departments concerned in regard to the exclusion from the Colony of undesirable persons.\n\n13. Social Welfare.\n\nThe Director and his staff should play their full part on the Central and Local Welfare Councils which it will be the policy to set up in Hong Kong. (See Social Welfare Directive).\n\n1440\n\nRefugees and Destitutes.\n\nThe Director should co-operate fully in any measure which may be taken to ameliorate the lot of refugees and destitutes.\n\nThe services of medical and health personnel should be made available if it is decided to establish \"semi-permanent\" or \"transient\" camps or both. The Director should also co-operate in the selection of suitable sites and provide sanitary supervision for communal kitchens etc.\n\nThe Director", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-9 Policy directives 15-1-1945 - 15-1-1945.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578539, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-9 Policy directives 15-1-1945 - 15-1-1945", "page_number": 78, "title": "CO129-591-9 Policy directives 15-1-1945 - 15-1-1945", "content_text": "78\n\n11.\n\nQuarantine.\n\nIn view of the very close relations, commercial and otherwise, which exist between Hong Kong, Canton and Macao and the difficulties of taking effective quarantine measures without detrimental effects on commercial and political relationships, efforts should be made to conclude agreements with the Health Authorities in Canton and Macao for the institution of reciprocal measures to prevent the spread of disease.\n\n12.\n\nImmigration.\n\nThe Director should co-operate with other Departments concerned in regard to the exclusion from the Colony of undesirable persons.\n\n13.\n\nSocial Welfare.\n\nThe Director and his staff should play their full part on the Central and Local Welfare Councils which it will be the policy to set up in Hong Kong. (See Social Welfare Directive).\n\n1440\n\nRefugees and Destitutes.\n\nThe Director should co-operate fully in any measure which may be taken to ameliorate the lot of refugees and destitutes. The services of medical and health personnel should be made available if it is decided to establish \"semi-permanent\" or \"transient\" camps or both. The Director should also co-operate in the selection of suitable sites and provide sanitary supervision for communal kitchens etc.\n\nBorrmal office\n\n8ock 1945", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-9 Policy directives 15-1-1945 - 15-1-1945.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579140, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "page_number": 56, "title": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "content_text": "(d) VENEREAL DISEASE\n\nSeveral factors contributed to produce an increasingly serious situation in relation to venereal disease in Hong Kong. The Japanese invasion and subsequent blockade created a very unfavourable economic position; the closing down, dismantling, and removal to Japan of factory machinery and the cessation of public works, including even mere maintenance services, threw tens of thousands out of work. The rapid rise in prices of essential foodstuffs aggravated the distress and resulted in a general lowering of resistance to infection.\n\nThe Japanese troops were not content with using common prostitutes but forced others to their will. The invading forces lacked anti-venereal drugs and closed civilian social hygiene centres, so that a large proportion of the community became heavily infected. Efforts to combat this state of affairs were limited to the provision of two \"red light\" areas on Hong Kong Island, one for Chinese at West Point and the other for Japanese in Wanchai, and one similar area between Shamshuipo, Yaumati, and Tsim Sha Tsui. Two clinics were opened in Wanchai and Tsim Sha Tsui, but treatment was limited practically entirely to Japanese, Formosans, and Koreans, and even then, there appeared to be an obvious shortage of reliable remedies. Already by the Spring of 1943, numerous cases came under notice of advanced granuloma venereum, affecting Japanese military and civilians as well as prostitutes. Immediate steps had to be taken at the time of the Japanese collapse to reorganise social hygiene centres in Wanchai and Tsim Sha Tsui.\n\nF. General Measures of Sanitation\n\n(a) NIGHTSOIL DISPOSAL\n\nThe regular collection and disposal of nightsoil by Sanitary Department labour, which had been inaugurated on the 1st May, 1941, became seriously disrupted during the hostilities in Hong Kong. It was not possible for the disposal junks and lighters to operate after the 10th December. From that date, nightsoil had to be dumped into the harbour. The situation was rendered still more unsatisfactory by the failure of the water supply for flushing purposes owing to the loss of electric power to pumps and owing to damage to sewers from bombing and shell fire.\n\nAgainst the advice of the writer, the head of the Japanese Medical Department made a bargain with the Nightsoil Guild in January, 1942, to remove buckets and to charge whatever fees the Guild thought fit. Thus, the old (and extremely unsatisfactory) setup which had operated up till May, 1941, was brought into being once again to the disadvantage of individual bucket owners and to that of the community as a whole. This arrangement was terminated in August, 1945, immediately the work of the department had been resumed by the British authorities.\n\nThe only saving grace in connection with the Japanese arrangements for nightsoil disposal relates to a system of maturing tanks in the New Territories. These tanks had been advocated by Health Authorities before the war, but the Government had not found it possible to have them constructed owing to pressing demands connected with the defences of the Colony. It was left to the Japanese to institute this very necessary scheme. A group of five batteries of cement tanks were constructed at Castle Peak and smaller tanks at Tsun Wan and Taipo. Here, nightsoil collected from Kowloon and Hong Kong was deposited and sold to farmers who removed it to various parts of the New Territories. It is not possible to discover whether the three weeks' maturation was insisted upon, but there is no doubt that this measure (aimed at reducing the risk of cholera, typhoid, and dysentery organisms remaining viable and, hence, liable to infect wells, vegetables, etc.) could be effectively enforced.\n\nIn view of the importance from the point of view of disease prevention and at the same time of assisting farmers in the New Territories to fertilise their crops to increase the yield, it is to be hoped that there will be the shortest possible delay in the reinstituting of the maturation tank system.\n\n(b) REFUSE DISPOSAL\n\nThe war brought a disruption of the normal methods of collecting and removing refuse from Hong Kong and Kowloon to the controlled tipping area at Kun Tong. During actual hostilities, areas became inaccessible owing to shellfire or Japanese occupation, and refuse was deposited in the harbour or dumped at Kennedy Town, Blake Gardens, Queens College, Southorn Recreation Ground (Wanchai), and at Shaukiwan on the Island and at Kowloon City and Tai Kok Tsui on the Peninsula.\n\nOwing to the blockade and consequent shortage of petrol supplies, the Japanese authorities insisted upon the replacement of motor tipping lorries by handcarts. This had the effect of retarding disposal and, although distinct improvement took place as compared with the situation at the time of the surrender, the standard of communal hygiene was very much lower than under British rule.\n\nFigures for refuse disposal on Hong Kong Island for 1942 indicate that a daily average of about 86 tons was dealt with. When the remaining European Health Staff were interned in May, 1943, town cleansing was taken over by some 24 district bureaux equally divided between Hong Kong Island and Kowloon Peninsula. The number of coolies employed in town cleansing was progressively reduced by the Japanese owing, presumably, to economic pressure, until, in 1943, the municipal cleansing service virtually ceased, and householders were encouraged to band themselves together and to subscribe towards the cost of refuse removal and street cleansing in their particular locality. A marked deterioration in hygiene conditions resulted, and main streets, in addition to back lanes and open spaces, became littered with decomposing debris.\n\nAt the end of August, 1945, when the Hong Kong Medical Department once more assumed control, steps were taken immediately to reorganise a motor lorry service on Hong Kong Island and on the Kowloon Peninsula with the assistance of the British Naval, Military, and Air Force services; and to reinstitute the service of refuse junks and lighters at (or near where the stations had been destroyed by shell fire or bombing) the eighteen dust boat stations. In addition, controlled dumping recommenced at Kun Tong Disposal Area.\n\n(c) DRAINAGE\n\nDrains and sewers suffered considerable war damage, and the Japanese did little or nothing to repair them.\n\nUntil imprisoned by the Gendarmerie for alleged espionage, the Chinese Superintendent of Drainage co-operated well with the Health Department and cleared a large number of serious blocks. With the virtual abolition of controlled sanitary labour, however, nullahs and drainage channels became full of sand and debris from damaged buildings. In consequence, serious flooding took place in low-lying areas after every heavy rain, and mosquito-breeding became particularly prolific.\n\nPage 59\n\n9\n\n52077\n\nA 4", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579149, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "page_number": 65, "title": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "content_text": "26\n\n77\n\nIn the main College buildings classrooms, laboratories, etc., originally not intended for residential use, and obviously unsuitable as such, are now being used in that capacity by internees. The residential sections provided for masters and boys give suitable accommodation for a number much below that now in occupation. For comparison it may be stated that when used for their normal purposes these residential sections housed a maximum of 180 boys and masters but now, with five cubicles, or accommodation for 10 boys uninhabitable owing to damage by gunfire, they accommodate 289 internees. The former occupants were provided with common rooms in addition but these are now used as dormitories and, with the classrooms, accommodate 212 persons, bringing the total to 501.\n\nTwo large rooms, which are occupied, are not weatherproof and are unfit for habitation owing to damage which has not been repaired. Sacking is used to cover the shattered windows but, while this keeps out daylight, it is no protection against cold, rainstorms and typhoons. Of the total number of 501 internees living in the main College buildings, 40 are in the Science Block which was built as a laboratory and lecture room and is entirely unsuitable for residential purposes. It possesses only one water closet and a shower bath fitted by resident internees whose number was, for a considerable time, as high as 54. Requests have been made but materials for increasing sanitary facilities have not been made available. Excepting the Science Block, the main College buildings provide an average of 46 sq. ft. of floor space for each internee, a bath (mostly of the shower type) and a water closet for every 20 and a water tap, with basin or slab, for every ten.\n\nEach bungalow, normally occupied by a single family, now houses 32 people with an average floor space per head of 46 sq. ft. Sanitary and washing facilities are adequate.\n\nThe accommodation provided in the servants' quarters is a little better than the camp average as regards floor space and toilet amenities.\n\n(2) The buildings specified in the second category were built as quarters for Europeans and are, of course, suitable, provided the number of occupants is within reasonable limits. The married officers' quarters consist of 3-storied blocks containing flats of 3 or 4 rooms, while the bachelors' quarters consist of single bedrooms with common rooms and communal washing and sanitary arrangements. In the early months of internment these quarters, mostly occupied by families and mothers with children, were grossly overcrowded, some of the larger flats accommodating 30 or more internees with a floor space per head of less than 30 sq. ft. As a result of departures from camp, conditions were ameliorated to a certain extent and the larger and smaller flats now accommodate on an average 21 and 16 internees respectively. The larger flats are provided with a bath and two water closets, the smaller with one of each and all flats with a kitchen sink.\n\nThe servants' quarters attached to these flats, varying in floor area between 54 and 70 sq. ft. are each occupied by two adults, a mother and child or even a married couple with a baby. The occupants of these small rooms use the toilet and washing facilities provided for servants.\n\nAs cooking in camp is on a communal basis flat kitchens have, where possible, been converted into living quarters, measuring about 72 sq. ft. They are occupied similarly to servants' quarters, but the occupants use the flats' bathrooms, etc.\n\nIn the married officers' quarters, including servants' rooms and converted kitchens, the space available averages approximately 40 sq. ft. per head.\n\nIn the bachelors' quarters situated in the former Prison Officers' Club, single bedrooms are now occupied by two adults and other rooms according to size. One room on the ground floor, occupied by eight men, has been damaged to such an extent as to make it unfit for habitation.\n\nThe average space per head in this building is 49 sq. ft. Toilet and washing facilities are adequate.\n\n(3) The third category consists of eight buildings, of two or three stories, erected for use by Asiatics Indians and Chinese.\n\nSix blocks were married quarters and are mostly laid out as small flats of two rooms with verandahs at front and back. Each flat is provided with a water closet, a kitchenette and a washing tap (placed in W.C.). The rooms measure approximately 140 and 100 sq. ft. and accommodate four and three internees respectively.\n\nOwing to structural damage, some rooms do not accommodate a full complement as stated above, but, even then, the average number of persons living in each of these small flats is 6.6.\n\nOne of the bachelor blocks is occupied by single police—two in each room of 92 sq. ft.—and washing and other facilities are adequate.\n\nThe second bachelor block stands apart from the others. It is used as a hospital and quarters for nursing staff.\n\nFJ\n\n27\n\n78\n\nExcepting the hospital buildings, the \"Indian Quarters\", as this section of the camp is known, accommodated 748 internees and the average space available to each is 36 sq. ft.\n\nThe resident nursing staff, numbering 55, reside in four large rooms on the top floor of the hospital building. The average space per head is about 60 sq. ft, and five water-closets and five shower baths are provided. This is poor accommodation for staff whose work is particularly trying and gives little facility for rest to those on night duty.\n\nDoctors and other male staff directly attached to the hospital live in the 'Leprosarium' a building previously part of the Hong Kong Prison and then used for the accommodation of leprous prisoners.\n\nLighting and ventilation of all accommodation, with the exception of damaged rooms is adequate. Artificial lighting is by electricity.\n\nThere is no means of heating rooms nor is such normally required.\n\nA limited amount of furniture, the property of previous residents, was available in St. Stephen's College, the bungalows and the European Officers' quarters, but none whatever in the 'Indian Quarters' section of the camp,\n\nExcluding the Hospital, Leprosarium and the Science building the total area available for internees is approximately 98,000 sq. ft., which allows 41 sq. ft. per head. and when one considers the figure already given it will be realised that a maximum and equitable use is being made of the space provided. It must be remembered that there is no communal accommodation, such as dining and sitting rooms, and that the areas given per head represent the total floor space available to internees for all purposes.\n\nThere is, without doubt, serious overcrowding in camp, which is a constant danger to the health of the community. Overcrowding facilitates the spread of communicable diseases and is particularly dangerous when combined with a state of general malnutrition such as exists in the camp. Nor must we forget the serious effects on the nervous system of prolonged residence in overcrowded rooms in this uncertain existence of ours. Should an epidemic occur in this camp its control would be difficult as conditions, particularly as regards housing, would favour its spread and the results might be serious.\n\neven\n\nIt is generally considered that 6 ft. of wall space for each bed is the minimum that can be regarded as affording some degree of protection against the spread of disease from one occupant of a room to another, but such spacing is impossible in this camp; in rooms where tuberculous cases are accommodated. The spread of tuberculosis, dysentery, or, in fact, of any disease, whether conveyed as a droplet infection, by contact or by insects, is facilitated by lack of adequate accommodation. What would be a reasonable standard of housing in our present circumstances? Obviously we cannot have the amenities we enjoyed in our own homes but it would not be unreasonable, in my opinion, to expect at least the standard of accommodation provided for British troops in South China (including Stanley) in pre-war days—a floor space of 80 sq. ft. and a cubic space of 1,000 cubic feet per head. If we take that as our standard, and we cannot be satisfied with a lower one, it follows that the accommodation at present provided is only about half of what we require for reasonable comfort and the maintenance of health.\n\n8. HOSPITAL\n\nThe ground and first floors of a building already referred to were used as a hospital which had accommodation for 70 patients in six wards—three for males and three for females. The building was not very satisfactory, it was too small to meet the hospitalisation demands made necessary by serious overcrowding in quarters, its lay-out made impossible the proper segregation of dysentery and other infectious diseases, and washing and sanitary facilities were poor. In spite of this, and the many difficulties met in regard to staffing, equipment, medical and surgical stores, heating, lighting and water supplies, this hospital did magnificent work in caring for the sick and the majority of internees benefited at one time or another from its services. This is clearly shown by its record of admissions which were 1,521 in 1942, 1,189 in 1943, 1,468 in 1944 and 795 for 8 months in 1945, a total of 4,604.\n\nIn addition there was an out-patient department where specialist services were available.\n\n9. PERSONAL HYGIENE\n\nFew internees were able to arrive in camp with adequate supplies of clothing, footwear, and bedding and for several months many had to sleep on concrete floors.\n\nSome were able to bring in bedding from the Chinese hotels where they had been interned before arrival in camp. Much of this was bug infested and gave considerable trouble", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579153, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "page_number": 69, "title": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "content_text": "34\n\nmight have had disastrous results in such an undernourished, and, therefore, highly susceptible community. But our luck held and the camp emerged from its trials with a death rate which was probably unique in the Far East and the prospect of early return to normal health of the large majority of its inhabitants.\n\nEdinburgh.\n\n6th March, 1946.\n\nN. C. MACLEOD,\n\nDeputy Director of Health Services,\n\nHong Kong.\n\nAPPENDIX IV\n\nWork of the International Welfare Committee in Stanley Internment Camp, Hong Kong.\n\nJanuary, 1942 - August, 1945\n\nWhen the Japanese Authorities rounded up the enemy national civilians in Hong Kong in January, 1942, for the purpose of interning them, many of the latter were without any personal possessions, clothes, household equipment, etc. of any kind. It became apparent in the Chinese hotels, which were the first stage of internment for many people, that some relief organisation would be necessary to provide the barest necessities for those who had lost everything. It was also obvious that the Japanese authorities were not prepared to make any distinction in their treatment of the infants, young children, the sick and the elderly among the interned community, and that some assistance would have to be given to these categories who were unprovided for, especially in matters of diet.\n\nAs soon as the camp on the Stanley Peninsula was established the representatives of the three national communities, the Dutch, American and the British, were asked to nominate representatives for a Committee to deal with distress. The first meeting was convened on 4th February, 1942 - those present being Mr. A. Hartog (Dutch), Miss M. Dudley (American) and Miss N. E. Elliott and Miss M. S. Watson (British). The International Welfare Committee thereupon came into being with Miss M. S. Watson as Chairman, Mr. A. Hartog (Treasurer), Miss M. Dudley (Secretary), Miss N. E. Elliott (social worker) and a panel of medical practitioners, nominated by the British Medical Association, (Drs. Dean A. Smith, Annie Sydenham, and A. Balean) were asked to sit on the Committee and advise on medical matters. In July, 1942, Mr. F. C. Gimson (Hon. Colonial Secretary) took the Chair, and, at the request of the Camp Council, representatives of the four main residential Blocks were added to the Committee. Miss M. S. Watson became Deputy Chairman, and Mr. E. W. Pudney agreed to act as Treasurer and Accountant following the repatriation of Mr. Hartog, and Miss E. Rawlings as social worker on the departure of Miss Dudley for America on a similar repatriation ship. At the same time each residential block was asked to appoint (not elect) a welfare officer to be responsible for the distribution in an equitable manner of clothing and equipment to the residents. The panel of doctors was made responsible for the allocation of foodstuffs.\n\nIt is perhaps important at this point to emphasise the international character of the Welfare Committee. Whatever the source of such supplies as were received, each community was treated equally, according to the need of its individuals. It is also necessary to stress that the Committee at all times maintained a position, common to all humanitarian organisations of its kind, which was outside the range of Camp politics.\n\nOn the advice of Dr. P. S. Selwyn-Clarke (Director of Medical Services), a small quantity of money and clothing had been collected and brought into the camp for immediate distribution. Secondly, as soon as the Camp Canteen was established, arrangements were made for a very small profit to be added to the selling price of each article, this profit being handed over to the International Welfare Committee in the form of valuable foodstuffs for distribution on the advice of the medical panel. By far the largest part of the supplies received during the first year of internment, however, were sent in by Dr. Selwyn-Clarke, who was allowed to remain in the town for relief and humanitarian work for seventeen months until his imprisonment by the Japanese Authorities in May, 1943. By organising the Informal Welfare Committee, Hong Kong, and keeping in personal contact with the Stanley Camp, Dr. Selwyn-Clarke was able to arrange for the supply of foodstuffs, clothing, toilet articles, drugs and hospital supplies.\n\nAfter his arrest, this personal contact was lost, and the International Red Cross delegate took over the problem of supplies. The purchase of essential special diets, etc. became increasingly more difficult and it was necessary for the Committee's panel of doctors to limit severely the quantities available for the sick and young children. The situation was relieved to a small extent with the arrival of the British Red Cross parcels and supplies in November, 1942, and the Canadian parcels in September, 1944. A certain proportion of valuable foods were set aside for allocation by the medical panel, and, by very careful distribution, was made to last until the Colony was relieved in August, 1945.\n\nThe functions of the Committee were outlined as follows:-\n\n(a) To enquire into the specific needs of individual internees and to make these known, collectively, to the organisation in Hong Kong.\n\n(b) To distribute equitably on a selective basis the articles received.\n\n(c) To allocate, on a basis of medical necessity only, the various foodstuffs received.\n\n(d) To keep accurate records of the health and nutrition of infants and young children and children up to the school leaving age.\n\nIn relation to (c) it should perhaps be emphasised that the function of the Committee was not to supply extra nourishment to the Camp as a whole, though the Japanese rations were at all times grossly inadequate, but to provide extra or alternative diets for the infants, young children, the chronically and temporarily sick, for all of whom the rations, besides being inadequate, were entirely unsuitable.\n\n1. NUTRITIONAL\n\nDetails of Distribution\n\nA detailed report on the nutrition of the Camp has been made by Dr. Dean A. Smith, M.O. in charge, Nutrition Clinic. A short description of the types of cases assisted may be of some interest, however:\n\n(a) For the first six months, when supplies were relatively plentiful, a clinic was held daily and patients attended such as those suffering from (1) deficiency diseases, i.e., beri-beri, ulceration of the mouth, scurvy and pellagra, (2) malnutrition, extreme loss of weight, low blood pressure, giddiness, etc. (3) diseases of long standing, i.e., gastric ulcers, diabetes, coeliac disease, anaemia, etc. (4) acute conditions, i.e., gastro-enteritis, etc. (5) debility following hospitalisation. These patients were advised, and given extra foodstuffs such as milk, fruit juices, dried fruits, vegetables, tinned meats, fish and oats. Later the Medical Panel were forced through lack of suitable supplies to cut down these issues and to concentrate almost entirely on giving extras to the Hospital and Diet Kitchens, where the goods could be cooked and given out on a semi-communal basis. Severe cases of beri-beri and central nerve blindness, however, continued to be helped almost to the end of internment, a daily dose of bran being given to the former (incidentally this helped to conserve the limited supply of thiamine available), and peanut butter, eggs, egg yolk, soya bean milk, all rich in the essential vitamins, to the latter.\n\n(b) Infants and young children. A detailed report has already been prepared by Dr. Annie Sydenham, Camp Child Welfare Officer, regarding the health and nutrition of the children.\n\nDuring the first few weeks of the Camp a Milk Board was set up, consisting of Dr. D. J. Valentine, Camp Medical Officer, the three Medical advisers to the Committee and Miss M. S. Watson, and, after an exhaustive survey of all available milk supplies and the estimated needs over a long-term period, a schedule of consumption was drawn up. This schedule was varied at different times, but it is interesting to note that at no time did the Camp run out of this most essential item of diet for infants, many of whom were born in this Camp.\n\nEvery effort was made to maintain the health of the children of school age. A careful nutritional survey was made every six months by Dr. Sydenham. Acting on this, the Medical panel allocated valuable foodstuffs which were distributed as school meals. During the first winter months, bowls of porridge and milk were given as additions to the poor rations. Later, gelatine and dried fruits, cocoa, oranges, sweets, honey, peanuts and peanut butter were supplied at intervals. Over the last eighteen months it became increasingly more difficult to maintain this standard, and much to its regret the Committee were forced to discontinue this distribution. From that point it became apparent in the half-yearly surveys that the children were not keeping up a normal rate of growth, as measured in height and weight, as a consequence of the inadequacy of the Japanese rations.\n\nThree Baby Kitchens were established in different parts of the Camp. The Japanese rations, with the addition of milk, eggs, flavourings, sugar, honey, cornflour, fruit, etc. were cooked in such a way as to be suitable for infants. This service came to an end about nine months before the end of internment as the amount of firewood supplied by the Japanese was insufficient to allow of cooking subsidiary to the general kitchens. Fruit juices, shark liver oil and calcium continued to be administered, however.\n\n85\n\n35\n\n86", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579159, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "page_number": 75, "title": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "content_text": "96\n\n97\n\n(4) VENEREAL DISEASE\n\nSeveral factors contributed to produce an increasingly serious situation in relation to venereal disease in Hong Kong. The Japanese invasion and subsequent blockade created a very unfavourable economic position; the closing down, dismantling, and removal to Japan of factory machinery and the cessation of public works, including even mere maintenance services, threw tens of thousands out of work. The rapid rise in prices of essential foodstuffs aggravated the distress and resulted in a general lowering of resistance to infection.\n\nThe Japanese troops were not content with using common prostitutes but forced others to their will. The invading forces lacked anti-venereal drugs and closed civilian social hygiene centres, so that a large proportion of the community became heavily infected. Efforts to combat this state of affairs were limited to the provision of two \"red light\" areas on Hong Kong Island, one for Chinese at West Point and the other for Japanese in Wanchai, and one similar area between Shamshuipo, Gaumati, and Tsim Sha Tsui. Two clinics were opened in Wanchai and Tsim Sha Tsui, but treatment was limited practically entirely to Japanese, Formosans, and Koreans, and even then, there appeared to be an obvious shortage of reliable remedies. Already by the Spring of 1943, numerous cases came under notice of advanced granuloma venereum, affecting Japanese military and civilians as well as prostitutes. Immediate steps had to be taken at the time of the Japanese collapse to reorganise social hygiene centres in Wanchai and Tsim Sha Tsui.\n\nF. General Measures of Sanitation\n\n(a) NIGHTSOIL DISPOSAL\n\nThe regular collection and disposal of nightsoil by Sanitary Department labour, which had been inaugurated on the 1st May, 1941, became seriously disrupted during the hostilities in Hong Kong. It was not possible for the disposal junks and lighters to operate after the 10th December. From that date, nightsoil had to be dumped into the harbour. The situation was rendered still more unsatisfactory by the failure of the water supply for flushing purposes owing to the loss of electric power to pumps and owing to damage to sewers from bombing and shell fire.\n\nAgainst the advice of the writer, the head of the Japanese Medical Department made a bargain with the Nightsoil Guild in January, 1942, to remove buckets and to charge whatever fees the Guild thought fit. Thus, the old (and extremely unsatisfactory) setup which had operated up till May, 1941, was brought into being once again to the disadvantage of individual bucket owners and to that of the community as a whole. This arrangement was terminated in August, 1945, immediately the work of the department had been resumed by the British authorities.\n\nThe only saving grace in connection with the Japanese arrangements for nightsoil disposal relates to a system of maturing tanks in the New Territories. These tanks had been advocated by Health Authorities before the war, but the Government had not found it possible to have them constructed owing to pressing demands connected with the defences of the Colony. It was left to the Japanese to institute this very necessary scheme. A group of five batteries of cement tanks were constructed at Castle Peak and smaller tanks at Ta Wan and Tai Po. Here, nightsoil collected from Kowloon and Hong Kong was deposited and sold to farmers who removed it to various parts of the New Territories. It is not possible to discover whether the three weeks' maturation was insisted upon, but there is no doubt that this measure (aimed at reducing the risk of cholera, typhoid, and dysentery organisms remaining viable and, hence, liable to infect wells, vegetables, etc.) could be effectively enforced.\n\nIn view of the importance from the point of view of disease prevention and at the same time of assisting farmers in the New Territories to fertilise their crops to increase the yield, it is to be hoped that there will be the shortest possible delay in reinstituting the maturation tank system.\n\n(b) REFUSE DISPOSAL\n\nThe war brought a disruption of the normal methods of collecting and removing refuse from Hong Kong and Kowloon to the controlled tipping area at Kwun Tong. During actual hostilities, areas became inaccessible owing to shellfire or Japanese occupation, and refuse was deposited in the harbour or dumped at Kennedy Town, Blake Gardens, Queens College, Southorn Recreation Ground (Wanchai), and at Shaukiwan on the Island and at Kowloon City and Tai Kok Tsui on the Peninsula.\n\nOwing to the blockade and consequent shortage of petrol supplies, the Japanese authorities insisted upon the replacement of motor tipping lorries by handcarts. This had the effect of retarding disposal, and, although distinct improvement took place as compared with the situation at the time of the surrender, the standard of communal hygiene was very much lower than under British rule.\n\nFigures for refuse disposal on Hong Kong Island for 1942 indicate that a daily average of about 86 tons were dealt with. When the remaining European Health Staff were interned in May, 1943, town cleansing was taken over by some 24 district bureaux equally divided between Hong Kong Island and Kowloon Peninsula. The number of coolies employed in town cleansing was progressively reduced by the Japanese owing, presumably, to economic pressure, until, in 1943, the municipal cleansing service virtually ceased, and householders were encouraged to band themselves together and to subscribe towards the cost of refuse removal and street cleansing in their particular locality. A marked deterioration in hygiene conditions resulted, and main streets, in addition to back lanes and open spaces, became littered with decomposing debris.\n\nAt the end of August, 1943, when the Hong Kong Medical Department once more assumed control, steps were taken immediately to reorganise a motor lorry service on Hong Kong Island and on the Kowloon Peninsula with the assistance of the British Naval, Military, and Air Force services; and to reinstitute the service of refuse junks and lighters at (or near where the stations had been destroyed by shell fire or bombing) the eighteen dust boat stations. In addition, controlled dumping recommenced at Kwun Tong Disposal Area.\n\n(c) DRAINAGE\n\nDrains and sewers suffered considerable war damage, and the Japanese did little or nothing to repair them.\n\nUntil imprisoned by the Gendarmerie for alleged espionage, the Chinese Superintendent of Drainage co-operated well with the Health Department and cleared a large number of serious blocks. With the virtual abolition of controlled sanitary labour, however, nullahs and drainage channels became full of sand and debris from damaged buildings. In consequence, serious flooding took place in low-lying areas after every heavy rain, and mosquito-breeding became particularly prolific.\n\n1\n\n9\n\n52077\n\nA 5", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579168, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "page_number": 84, "title": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "content_text": "114\n\n115\n\n2/\n\n26\n\nIn the main College buildings classrooms, laboratories, etc., originally not intended for residential use, and obviously unsuitable as such, are now being used in that capacity by internees. The residential sections provided for masters and boys give suitable accommodation for a number much below that now in occupation. For comparison it may be stated that when used for their normal purposes these residential sections housed a maximum of 180 boys and masters but now, with five cubicles, or accommodation for 10 boys uninhabitable owing to damage by gunfire, they accommodate 289 internees. The former occupants were provided with common rooms in addition but these are now used as dormitories and, with the classrooms, accommodate 212 persons, bringing the total to 501.\n\nTwo large rooms, which are occupied, are not weatherproof and are unfit for habitation owing to damage which has not been repaired. Sacking is used to cover the shattered windows but, while this keeps out daylight, it is no protection against cold, rainstorms and typhoons. Of the total number of 501 internees living in the main College buildings, 40 are in the Science Block which was built as a laboratory and lecture room and is entirely unsuitable for residential purposes. It possesses only one water closet and a shower bath fitted by resident internees whose number was, for a considerable time, as high as 54. Requests have been made but materials for increasing sanitary facilities have not been made available. Excepting the Science Block, the main College buildings provide an average of 46 sq. ft. of floor space for each internee, a bath (mostly of the shower type) and a water closet for every 20 and a water tap, with basin or slab, for every ten.\n\nEach bungalow, normally occupied by a single family, now houses 32 people with an average floor space per head of 46 sq. ft. Sanitary and washing facilities are adequate.\n\nThe accommodation provided in the servants' quarters is a little better than the camp average as regards floor space and toilet amenities.\n\n(2) The buildings specified in the second category were built as quarters for Europeans and are, of course, suitable provided the number of occupants is within reasonable limits. The married officers' quarters consist of 3-storied blocks containing flats of 3 or 4 rooms, while the bachelors' quarters consist of single bedrooms with common rooms and communal washing and sanitary arrangements. In the early months of internment these quarters, mostly occupied by families and mothers with children, were grossly overcrowded, some of the larger flats accommodating 30 or more internees with a floor space per head of less than 30 sq. ft. As a result of departures from camp, conditions were ameliorated to a certain extent and the larger and smaller flats now accommodate on an average 21 and 16 internees respectively. The larger flats are provided with a bath and two water closets, the smaller with one of each and all flats with a kitchen sink.\n\nThe servants' quarters attached to these flats, varying in floor area between 54 and 70 sq. ft., are each occupied by two adults, a mother and child or even a married couple with a baby. The occupants of these small rooms use the toilet and washing facilities provided for servants.\n\nAs cooking in camp is on a communal basis, flat kitchens have, where possible, been converted into living quarters, measuring about 7 sq. ft. They are occupied similarly to servants' quarters, but the occupants use the flats' bathrooms, etc.\n\nIn the married officers' quarters, including servants' rooms and converted kitchens, the space available averages approximately 40 sq. ft. per head.\n\nIn the bachelors' quarters situated in the former Prison Officers' Club, single bedrooms are now occupied by two adults and other rooms according to size. One room on the ground floor, occupied by eight men, has been damaged to such an extent as to make it unfit for habitation.\n\nThe average space per head in this building is 49 sq. ft. Toilet and washing facilities are adequate.\n\n(3) The third category consists of eight buildings, of two or three stories, erected for use by Asiatics—Indians and Chinese.\n\nSix blocks were married quarters and are mostly laid out as small flats of two rooms with verandahs at front and back. Each flat is provided with a water closet, a kitchenette and a washing tap (placed in W.C.). The rooms measure approximately 140 and 100 sq. ft. and accommodate four and three internees respectively.\n\nOwing to structural damage, some rooms do not accommodate a full complement as stated above, but, even then, the average number of persons living in each of these small flats is 6.6.\n\nOne of the bachelor blocks is occupied by single police—two in each room of 92 sq. ft.—and washing and other facilities are adequate.\n\nThe second bachelor block stands apart from the others. It is used as a hospital and quarters for nursing staff.\n\nExcepting the hospital buildings, the\n\n27\n\nIndian Quarters\", as this section of the camp is known, accommodated 748 internees and the average space available to each is ... sq. ft.\n\nThe resident nursing staff, numbering 55, reside in four large rooms on the top floor of the hospital building. The average space per head is about 60 sq. ft. and five water-closets and five shower baths are provided. This is poor accommodation for staff whose work is particularly trying and gives little facility for rest to those on night duty.\n\nDoctors and other male staff directly attached to the hospital live in the 'Leprosarium', a building previously part of the Hong Kong Prison and then used for the accommodation of leprous prisoners.\n\nLighting and ventilation of all accommodation, with the exception of damaged rooms, is adequate. Artificial lighting is by electricity.\n\nThere is no means of heating rooms nor is such normally required.\n\nA limited amount of furniture, the property of previous residents, was available in St. Stephen's College, the bungalows and the European Officers' quarters, but none whatever in the 'Indian Quarters' section of the camp.\n\nExcluding the Hospital, Leprosarium and the Science building, the total area available for internees is approximately 98,000 sq. ft., which allows 41 sq. ft. per head, and when one considers the figure already given it will be realised that a maximum and equitable use is being made of the space provided. It must be remembered that there is no communal accommodation, such as dining and sitting rooms, and that the areas given per head represent the total floor space available to internees for all purposes.\n\nThere is, without doubt, serious overcrowding in camp, which is a constant danger to the health of the community. Overcrowding facilitates the spread of communicable diseases and is particularly dangerous when combined with a state of general malnutrition such as exists in the camp. Nor must we forget the serious effects on the nervous system of prolonged residence in overcrowded rooms in this uncertain existence of ours. Should an epidemic occur in this camp its control would be difficult as conditions, particularly as regards housing, would favour its spread and the results might be serious.\n\nIt is generally considered that 6 ft. of wall space for each bed is the minimum that can be regarded as affording some degree of protection against the spread of disease from one occupant of a room to another, but such spacing is impossible in this camp; even in rooms where tuberculous cases are accommodated. The spread of tuberculosis, dysentery, or, in fact, of any disease, whether conveyed as a droplet infection, by contact or by insects, is facilitated by lack of adequate accommodation. What would be a reasonable standard of housing in our present circumstances? Obviously, we cannot have the amenities we enjoyed in our own homes but it would not be unreasonable, in my opinion, to expect at least the standard of accommodation provided for British troops in South China (including Stanley) in pre-war days—a floor space of 80 sq. ft. and a cubic space of 1,000 cubic feet per head. If we take that as our standard, and we cannot be satisfied with a lower one, it follows that the accommodation at present provided is only about half of what we require for reasonable comfort and the maintenance of health.”\n\n8. HOSPITAL\n\nThe ground and first floors of a building already referred to were used as a hospital which had accommodation for 70 patients in six wards—three for males and three for females. The building was not very satisfactory, it was too small to meet the hospitalisation demands made necessary by serious overcrowding in quarters, its lay-out made impossible the proper segregation of dysentery and other infectious diseases, and washing and sanitary facilities were poor. In spite of this, and the many difficulties met in regard to staffing, equipment, medical and surgical stores, heating, lighting and water supplies, this hospital did magnificent work in caring for the sick and the majority of internees benefited at one time or another from its services. This is clearly shown by its record of admissions which were 1,521 in 1942, 1,189 in 1943, 1,468 in 1944 and 795 for 8 months in 1945, a total of 4,604. In addition, there was an out-patient department where specialist services were available.\n\n9. PERSONAL HYGIENE\n\nFew internees were able to arrive in camp with adequate supplies of clothing, footwear and bedding and for several months many had to sleep on concrete floors.\n\nSome were able to bring in bedding from the Chinese hotels where they had been interned before arrival in camp. Much of this was bug-infested and gave considerable trouble.\n\n3", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579172, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "page_number": 88, "title": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "content_text": "122\n\n123\n\n34\n\nmight have had disastrous results in such an undernourished, and, therefore, highly susceptible community. But our luck held and the camp emerged from its trials with a death rate which was probably unique in the Far East and the prospect of early return to normal health of the large majority of its inhabitants.\n\nEdinburgh.\n\n6th March, 1946.\n\nN. C. MACLEOD,\n\nDeputy Director of Health Services,\n\nHong Kong\n\n# APPENDIX IV\n\nWork of the International Welfare Committee in Stanley Internment Camp, Hong Kong.\n\nJanuary, 1942-August, 1945\n\nWhen the Japanese Authorities rounded up the enemy national civilians in Hong Kong in January, 1942, for the purpose of interning them, many of the latter were without any personal possessions, clothes, household equipment, etc. of any kind. It became apparent in the Chinese hotels, which were the first stage of internment for many people, that some relief organisation would be necessary to provide the barest necessities for those who had lost everything. It was also obvious that the Japanese authorities were not prepared to make any distinction in their treatment of the infants, young children, the sick and the elderly among the interned community, and that some assistance would have to be given to these categories who were unprovided for, especially in matters of diet.\n\nAs soon as the camp on the Stanley Peninsula was established, the representatives of the three national communities, the Dutch, American and the British, were asked to nominate representatives for a Committee to deal with distress. The first meeting was convened on 4th February, 1942—those present being Mr. A. Hartog (Dutch), Miss M. Dudley (American) and Miss N. E. Elliott and Miss M. S. Watson (British). The International Welfare Committee thereupon came into being with Miss M. S. Watson as Chairman, Mr. A. Hartog (Treasurer), Miss M. Dudley (Secretary), Miss N. E. Elliott (social worker) and a panel of medical practitioners, nominated by the British Medical Association, (Drs. Dean A. Smith, Annie Sydenham, and A. Balean) were asked to sit on the Committee and advise on medical matters. In July, 1942, Mr. F. C. Gimson (Hon. Colonial Secretary) took the Chair, and, at the request of the Camp Council, representatives of the four main residential Blocks were added to the Committee. Miss M. S. Watson became Deputy Chairman, and Mr. E. W. Pudney agreed to act as Treasurer and Accountant following the repatriation of Mr. Hartog, and Miss E. Rawlings as social worker on the departure of Miss Dudley for America on a similar repatriation ship. At the same time, each residential block was asked to appoint (not elect) a welfare officer to be responsible for the distribution in an equitable manner of clothing and equipment to the residents. The panel of doctors was made responsible for the allocation of foodstuffs.\n\nIt is perhaps important at this point to emphasise the international character of the Welfare Committee. Whatever the source of such supplies as were received, each community was treated equally, according to the need of its individuals. It is also necessary to stress that the Committee at all times maintained a position, common to all humanitarian organisations of its kind, which was outside the range of Camp politics.\n\nOn the advice of Dr. P. S. Selwyn-Clarke (Hon. Director of Medical Services), a small quantity of money and clothing had been collected and brought into the camp for immediate distribution. Secondly, as soon as the Camp Canteen was established, arrangements were made for a very small profit to be added to the selling price of each article, this profit being handed over to the International Welfare Committee in the form of valuable foodstuffs for distribution on the advice of the medical panel. By far the largest part of the supplies received during the first year of internment, however, were sent in by Dr. Selwyn-Clarke, who was allowed to remain in the town for relief and humanitarian work for seventeen months until his imprisonment by the Japanese Authorities in May, 1943. By organising the Informal Welfare Committee, Hong Kong, and keeping in personal contact with the Stanley Camp, Dr. Selwyn-Clarke was able to arrange for the supply of foodstuffs, clothing, toilet articles, drugs and hospital supplies.\n\nAfter his arrest, this personal contact was lost, and the International Red Cross delegate took over the problem of supplies. The purchase of essential special diets, etc. became increasingly more difficult and it was necessary for the Committee's panel of doctors to limit severely the quantities available for the sick and young children. The situation was relieved to a small extent with the arrival of the British Red Cross parcels and supplies in November, 1942, and the Canadian parcels in September, 1944.\n\nValuable foods were set aside for allocation by the medical panel, and, by very careful distribution, were made to last until the Colony was relieved in August, 1945.\n\nThe functions of the Committee were outlined as follows:-\n\n(a) To enquire into the specific needs of individual internees and to make these known, collectively, to the organisation in Hong Kong.\n\n(b) To distribute equitably on a selective basis the articles received.\n\n(c) To allocate, on a basis of medical necessity only, the various foodstuffs received.\n\n(d) To keep accurate records of the health and nutrition of infants and young children and children up to the school leaving age.\n\nIn relation to (c) it should perhaps be emphasised that the function of the Committee was not to supply extra nourishment to the Camp as a whole, though the Japanese rations were at all times grossly inadequate, but to provide extra or alternative diets for the infants, young children, the chronically and temporarily sick, for all of whom the rations, besides being inadequate, were entirely unsuitable.\n\n## I. NUTRITIONAL\n\n## Details of Distribution\n\nA detailed report on the nutrition of the Camp has been made by Dr. Dean A. Smith, M.O. in charge Nutrition Clinic. A short description of the types of cases assisted may be of some interest, however;\n\n(a) For the first six months, when supplies were relatively plentiful, a clinic was held daily and patients attended such as those suffering from (1) deficiency diseases, i.e., beri-beri, ulceration of the mouth, scurvy and pellagra, (2) malnutrition, extreme loss of weight, low blood pressure, giddiness, etc. (3) diseases of long standing, i.e., gastric ulcers, diabetes, coeliac disease, anaemia, etc. (4) acute conditions, i.e., gastro-enteritis, etc. (5) debility following hospitalisation. These patients were advised and given extra foodstuffs such as milk, fruit juices, dried fruits, vegetables, tinned meats and fish and oats. Later the Medical Panel were forced through lack of suitable supplies to cut down these issues and to concentrate almost entirely on giving extras to the Hospital and Diet Kitchens, where the goods could be cooked and given out on a semi-communal basis. Severe cases of beri-beri and central nerve blindness, however, continued to be helped almost to the end of internment, a daily dose of bran being given to the former (incidentally this helped to conserve the limited supply of thiamine available), and peanut butter, eggs, egg yolk, soya bean milk, all rich in the essential vitamins, to the latter.\n\n(b) Infants and young children.--A detailed report has already been prepared by Dr. Annie Sydenham, Camp Child Welfare Officer, regarding the health and nutrition of the children.\n\nDuring the first few weeks of the Camp, a Milk Board was set up, consisting of Dr. D. J. Valentine, Camp Medical Officer, the three Medical advisers to the Committee and Miss M. S. Watson, and, after an exhaustive survey of all available milk supplies and the estimated needs over a long-term period, a schedule of consumption was drawn up. This schedule was varied at different times, but it is interesting to note that at no time did the Camp run out of this most essential item of diet for infants, many of whom were born in this Camp.\n\nEvery effort was made to maintain the health of the children of school age. A careful nutritional survey was made every six months by Dr. Sydenham. Acting on this, the Medical panel allocated valuable foodstuffs which were distributed as school meals. During the first winter months, bowls of porridge and milk were given as additions to the poor rations. Later, gelatine and dried fruits, cocoa, oranges, sweets, honey, peanuts and peanut butter were supplied at intervals. Over the last eighteen months it became increasingly more difficult to maintain this standard, and much to its regret the Committee were forced to discontinue this distribution. From that point, it became apparent in the half-yearly surveys that the children were not keeping up a normal rate of growth, as measured in height and weight, as a consequence of the inadequacy of the Japanese rations.\n\nThree Baby Kitchens were established in different parts of the Camp. The Japanese rations, with the addition of milk, eggs, flavourings, sugar, honey, cornflour, fruit, etc. were cooked in such a way as to be suitable for infants. This service came to an end about nine months before the end of internment as the amount of firewood supplied by the Japanese was insufficient to allow of cooking subsidiary to the general kitchens. Fruit juices, shark liver oil and calcium continued to be administered, however.\n\n35\n\n52077\n\nA 6", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579196, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "page_number": 112, "title": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "content_text": "147.\n\nwho responded without a moment's hesitation to my appeal to remain at their posts, to protect the wounded and sick and to maintain the medical and health services to the community, even though the capture of Kowloon by the Japanese within a few hours was inevitable.\n\nAmongst many hundreds of workers, only one European doctor and one health inspector deserted their posts. In their partial defence, it must not be forgotten that there was no illusion as to what indignities and cruelties the Japanese were capable of inflicting on all and sundry that came under their power.\n\nWithin four days of the outbreak of hostilities, the whole of the Kowloon Peninsula was taken and Japanese batteries were established in Kowloon. These batteries shelled the northern face of Hong Kong all day and every day, directing their fire without difficulty on our battery positions, pill-box machine gun posts guarding the shore line, ammunition fuel and food dumps, transport parks, and even on crowds collected at communal kitchens.\n\nIt engendered quite an eerie feeling to realise that every movement could be clearly observed by the Japanese from vantage points on the Peninsula well within a mile or so radius.\n\nMost of our hospitals and many of our aid posts on the Island were hit by shells or bombs, as was the case in London and many other cities in this country. I was obliged to order two to be evacuated at the height of the battle.\n\nNo blame could be attached to the Japanese on this account, because there were quite legitimate military objectives (battery positions, machine gun posts, etc.) in the immediate vicinity of such medical institutions. Some of the hospitals suffered again during the Japanese occupation from Allied aerial bombing, and for the same reason.\n\nAfter occupying Kowloon, the Japanese sent over a Peace Mission. This, and a similar envoy, was turned back with the answer that there would be no surrender. In fact, if my memory serves me correctly, the Japanese emissaries were told that they would be fired on, even though flying the white flag, if they attempted to come across the harbour again.\n\nOwing to the treacherous conduct of a group of Indian troops defending North Point on the northern shore of the Island about a mile and a half from Kowloon City, the Japanese were able to effect a landing on the 18th/19th December.\n\nA little later, they also landed below Lyemun Fort, at the north-eastern extremity of the Island. From these two beach heads, the Japanese advanced steadily over the eastern half of the Island.\n\nAfter a very hotly contested battle at Wongneichung Gap, at the strategic centre of the Island, they compelled the Governor and Commander-in-Chief to agree to an unconditional surrender at 4 p.m. on the 25th December, after eighteen days resistance.\n\nBecause of his courageous bearing and his treatment of the Japanese peace envoys and, possibly, owing to the heavy losses sustained by the Japanese troops due to the heroic defence, Sir Mark Young, Governor, with General Maltby, Commanding the Troops in China, were subjected to indignities and hardships whilst prisoners in Japanese hands.\n\nDuring the fighting, rather over 1,100 members of the Hong Kong Garrison were killed, missing, believed killed, or died of wounds.\n\nThe Hong Kong Volunteers lost the most (240), followed by the Winnipeg Grenadiers (133), Royal Scots (127), Middlesex (122) and Royal Navy (58).", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579201, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "page_number": 117, "title": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "content_text": "152\n\nImmediately after the surrender, I persuaded as many of my Chinese staff of doctors, nurses, midwives, vaccinators, health inspectors and members of the Waterworks and Drainage Departments to remain at their posts in Hong Kong for the sake of the general community and the prisoners of war. When the Japanese military authorities took over the civil hospitals or made further service impossible by withdrawing permits for food and fuel, and when the cost of necessities became prohibitive, the staff were left with one course open to them, that is, to escape to Free China. Having served in Hong Kong after the surrender, they were liable to be imprisoned and even shot by the Chinese when crossing into China unless they could produce a certificate of identity proving that they were not Japanese agents coming to spy out the land. Hence, my certificate which was intended to protect them and, also, to enable them to obtain assistance from the British Consuls, British Military Authorities in China and the mission hospitals.\n\nAnother count in the indictment was that I paid sums of money to a large number of persons, either with the object of obtaining information for the Allies or to bind them to the British Government.\n\nThe Gendarmerie refused to attach any credence to the suggestion that I was trying to implement, to the best of my ability, the undertaking given by the British Government before hostilities to care for widows, orphans, wives, children and dependents of members of Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps, etc., with the help of a group of courageous persons including Chinese, Portuguese, Eurasians, Czechs, British, my skeleton medical staff and my wife and small daughter.\n\nMy first prison was a small dark cell, 6'6\" long, 5' wide and 6'6\" high, looking onto a large communal cell containing, at times, 70 to 80 prisoners packed like sardines.\n\nAfter the usual 'investigation' by the Gendarmerie, I was informed that I was to be executed without formal trial.\n\nPossibly, owing to the repeated efforts for my reprieve made by the British Government through the Protecting Power, combined with the efforts of the British Consul in Macau, and the International Red Cross, the execution did not take place.\n\nI was only in the hands of the Gendarmerie for ten months. After this, I was handed over to the Japanese Advocate General's Department where questioning is not accompanied by duress. Gendarmerie would appear to have made a close study of the \"Constitutio Criminalis Theresiana\" which you probably remember was issued in pamphlet form in the reign of Maria Theresa of Austria (about 1768) as a guide to village magistrates on the value of the thumb screw, strappado, burning of areas of the skin, and the like. More modern 'improvements' on these methods included preliminary deprivation of food for five or six days and ballooning-out of the stomach and bowel with gallons of water introduced by rubber tube.\n\nThe Advocate General's Department dispenses with physical force (other than execution by shooting and decapitation) and houses its prisoners in relatively hygienic surroundings. Sixteen months after my original incarceration, I was formally tried, if one can so describe a process in which there are no opportunities for making a defence and in which, for example, forty-four persons on different charges are dealt with in a court session of about three hours. This time, instead of being condemned to death, I was awarded a very light sentence of three years.\n\nI served just over three months of this sentence, during the greater part of which I was no longer prevented from speaking with other prisoners. In December, 1944, I was released from prison and interned in a small camp in Kowloon. The reason given for this very acceptable and quite unexpected release was that it was the fourth anniversary of the Japanese attack on the Colony.\n\n- 11", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579210, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "page_number": 126, "title": "CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947", "content_text": "161\n\n4.\n\nnutrition, extreme loss of weight, low blood pressure, giddiness, etc. (3) diseases of long standing, i.e. gastric ulcers, diabetes, coeliac disease, anaemia, etc. (4) acute conditions, i.e. gastro-enteritis, etc. (5) debility following hospitalisation. These patients were advised and given extra foodstuffs such as milk, fruit juices, dried fruits, vegetables, tinned meats and fish and oats. Later the Medical Panel were forced through lack of suitable supplies to cut down these issues and to concentrate almost entirely on giving extras to the Hospital and Diet Kitchens, where the goods could be cooked and given out on a semi-communal basis. Severe cases of beri-beri and central nerve blindness, however, continued to be helped almost to the end of internment, a daily dose of bran being given to the former (incidentally this helped to conserve the limited supply of thiamine available) and peanut butter, eggs, egg yolk, soya bean milk, all rich in the essential vitamins, to the latter.\n\n(b)\n\nInfants and young children. A detailed report has already been prepared by Dr. Annie Sydenham, Camp Child Welfare Officer, regarding the health and nutrition of the children.\n\nDuring the first few weeks of the Camp a Milk Board was set up, consisting of Dr. D. J. Valentine, Camp Medical Officer, the three Medical advisors to the Committee and Miss M. S. Watson, and, after an exhaustive survey of all available milk supplies and the estimated needs over a long-term period, a schedule of consumption was drawn up. This schedule was varied at different times, but it is interesting to note that at no time did the Camp run out of this most essential item of diet for infants, many of whom were born in this Camp.\n\nEvery effort was made to maintain the health of the children of school age. A careful nutritional survey was made every six months by Dr. Sydenham. Acting on this, the Medical panel allocated valuable foodstuffs which were distributed as school meals. During the first winter months, bowls of porridge", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-2 Reports on current situation- medical work 3-3-1946 - 12-5-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579340, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-4 Reports on current situation- Police 14-11-1945 - 1-7-1946", "page_number": 19, "title": "CO129-592-4 Reports on current situation- Police 14-11-1945 - 1-7-1946", "content_text": "Date. 8.12.41.\n\n33.\n\n34.\n\nDistrict.\n\nWater Police.\n\nTime.\n\n08.30\n\nHong Kong Traffic Office.\n\n08.30\n\n35.\n\nTai Po.\n\n09.00\n\n36.\n\nHong Kong and Kowloon.\n\n09.00\n\n37.\n\nTai O.\n\n09.00\n\n4.\n\n8.12.41\n\nof some Chinese at Customs Pass.\n\n19\n\nA Harbour launch was despatched to Peng Chau Island to evacuate two lady missionaries.\n\nOn instructions from the Controller of Land Transport, requisitioning of vehicles and mobilisation of Auxiliary Transport Service drivers commenced at the Transport Receiving Depot at Caroline Hill Road. Difficulty was experienced during the ensuing days in keeping drivers owing to lack of feeding facilities. Vehicles were often abandoned, and frequently after cleaning them, the driver absconded. A common dumping ground was Wanchai. The drivers of vehicles supplied to Police Stations in accordance with the Internal Security Scheme were in a better position as it was soon arranged for them to get regular meals, but the position of drivers for other departments remained acute until the Traffic Inspector himself was able to supply many of them with issues of raw rice and beans. Twenty-four hour shifts of duties were also arranged. Accommodation presented a difficulty, and numbers had to be placed in the Traffic Office and elsewhere in Police Headquarters.\n\nDrivers were very unreliable under shell fire and sudden alarms, e.g., the \"Jeannette\" explosion caused a number to abscond. Police escorts had to be arranged. On several occasions, nearly all police vehicles were handed over to the Military, and the latter often used to stop vehicles not allocated to them at rifle point and commandeer them. European police officers frequently had to go out on foraging and salvaging expeditions for vehicles. Police themselves were using some 300 vehicles. Police drivers were unsatisfactory also. Supplies sometimes were difficult to obtain, and on one day, pumps in garages had to be broken open and worked by hand. Approximately 450 lorries and 1000 cars were collected, and 2000 drivers registered. (This does not include about 70 lorries which came over from Kowloon during the evacuation, those handed over to the Military prior to the outbreak of war, and the number, about 200, which they themselves had under contract, many of which they lost, and Police picked up on the streets.) Many departments, besides the Military, often applied to police for additional vehicles subsequent to them receiving their full quota from the Transport Receiving Depot.\n\nNew Territories North Police personnel at Tai Po were despatched into Hong Kong except the men manning the road barrier on the Tai Po Road. Police Reserve were mobilised and instructed to report to their various stations at 09.00 hours. Their main duties during the war were Vital Posts, Food Control, Transport guards, Food Distribution centres, Communal kitchens, Collection and guarding of Japanese women and children, Water Fountain duty, and general regular duty work in stations. They worked generally under the control of Officers in charge of Stations.\n\nNo.1 launch called at Tai O and carried out preliminary evacuation of police families and property. There were no European residents in Tai O district. P.S.A.185 Galvin, the Officer in charge on the Senior Superintendent of Police, Kowloon's instructions, had visited the Missionary...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-4 Reports on current situation- Police 14-11-1945 - 1-7-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 579509, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-6 Reports on current situation- including weekly intelligence reports 18-9-1945 - 20-12-1945", "page_number": 51, "title": "CO129-592-6 Reports on current situation- including weekly intelligence reports 18-9-1945 - 20-12-1945", "content_text": "SECRET.\n\n· 6 -\n\n51\n\n(iii) By way of footnote to the above, the following is an estimate of expenses for one month by an unmarried Chinese in HONG KONG who shares a house with a friend:\n\nRent (half share) $ 75.00\n\nServant (ditto) 20.00\n\nElectricity 5.00\n\nWater 3.00\n\nScavenger 2.00\n\nFood (eaten outside at $8 per day) 240.00\n\n$345.00\n\nThis does not allow for personal expenditure on commitments.\n\n(iv) A Chinese graduate of Oxford University has catalogued the \"six deficiencies\" of HONG KONG as under:\n\n1. Lack of a community spirit.\n\n2. Lack of continuity of residence, the majority of HONG KONG's inhabitants stay only as long as it takes them to make an adequate fortune for themselves. The exceptions to this rule are missionaries, school teachers and doctors, and some Government servants.\n\n3. Lack of communal facilities, e.g. town hall, public library, municipal theatre, public baths.\n\n4. Lack of local patriotism.\n\n5. Lack of attention to complaints, delay and evasion usually manage to stifle most murmurings.\n\n6. Lack of cohesion; the Colony's population, through being split up into groups and cliques, has no idea of pulling together as one entity.\n\n(v) A Chinese surgeon, who lived the first 30 years of his life in CANTON and worked at the French Hospital in HONG KONG during the Japanese occupation, says he is more than disappointed to find that persons whose names used to figure prominently at any Japanese function now figure equally prominently at British functions. (It is noted that this complaint has been forthcoming from a number of other Chinese in the Colony).\n\n(vi) Commenting on the behaviour of servicemen in, firstly, throwing a child into the street from a balcony, and secondly, pitching a man into the sea from a pier, a Chinese-language newspaper in the Colony says that how to deal with these drunken persons and how to protect people from them is a problem which requires a lot of hard thinking. The paper implies a state of laxity in HONG KONG as compared with other cities, since it appears that no steps are being taken, what is the use of thinking what could be done in the matter?\n\n9.\n\nTAIKOO DOCKYARD.\n\nIt has been unofficially reported to the Civil Police Special Branch that there is a feeling of dissatisfaction among the employees of TAIKOO Dockyard on two points:-\n\n(1) Pre-war employees have not received payment for the first 15 days of December 1941. Company claim that no records for that period are available, but it is pointed out by the employees that the Dockyard clerical staff have nevertheless been given their pay for December 1941.\n\n(2) Dockyard employees have received a C.O.L. allowance for September 1945.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-6 Reports on current situation- including weekly intelligence reports 18-9-1945 - 20-12-1945.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 580060, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-593-1 Future policy- unofficial views 18-6-1946 - 28-12-1946", "page_number": 16, "title": "CO129-593-1 Future policy- unofficial views 18-6-1946 - 28-12-1946", "content_text": "in quite a special position. It has to worry along by the normal methods of respectable Crown colony procedure and finance, it will be left behind. The way to squander Hong Kong's present opportunity is to postpone large schemes and rigidly prune every activity of Government because the colony's budget, depleted and disorganised by the war, will not otherwise balance.\n\nThe local administration can do much but if it\n\n8. Here following are four ways by which H.M.G. by helping Hong Kong, may make an investment in the future and the prospects of a fifth of the human race.\n\n9. The first thing is to try to create genuine citizens by giving the lower middle class of the colony something to be genuine about. The Municipal proposals are indispensable and of the first importance, but they are not by themselves enough. They will not stop any tenth-rate agitator from Canton being able to walk into the colony and almost at will start a riot on any pretext he chooses. What would stop him would be the fact that more Chinese owned their own homes. Home-owners like stability because they have something to protect. Therefore, Hong Kong requires a building scheme on building society lines where a man of small means pays, not rent, but monthly instalments towards the eventual purchase of the house he lives in. Commercial estimates already examined for such a scheme come out at too high a figure owing to the necessity to pay interest on capital. Government money at low or no interest is required. At a guess perhaps £15,000,000 will be required to initiate the scheme which it should not be difficult to make eventually self-supporting. This does not seem a large price to pay for communal stability in a place with the potentialities of Hong Kong in reference to, say, the export market.\n\n10. The second thing is that the true development of Hong Kong as a modern city has been held up for two decades by the fact that the Admiralty and the War Office own and occupy valuable and extensive ground plumb in the heart of the town. Thus there are mule-lines on one side of the main street in Kowloon, a naval dockyard where liners of all the nations should berth on the Hong Kong side, and military barracks and a parade ground in the exact place where nature and man alike would site the City Hall and the Civic Centre. The soldiers and sailors were there first and the colony grew up round them. Negotiations over many years have not as yet yielded results, and what is required is a cold decision by H.M.G. that the so-called 'military lands' in Hong Kong shall be made available for civilian development as from 1948, planning on that basis to start now.\n\n11. The third thing is to build a modern airport the cost of which is estimated about £4,000,000. If we are not prepared to equip Hong Kong with a modern airport we really have no business to be there at all. The colony is the natural air terminal and junction for the South China region. Air carriers of all the world need and expect it. The present airfield at Kai Tak is wholly inadequate and highly dangerous: nothing larger than a two-engined plane is regularly permitted to use it. We owe South China and the world better than this. Colonial finance cannot at present look at a capital expenditure of £4,000,000: by the time it can, it will be too late.\n\n12. The fourth thing is to seize the chance of getting in on the ground floor of the eventually practically unlimited China export field, by increasing now Hong Kong's quota of British goods for re-export. This would incidentally earn gold dollars, for China has them in quantity. There are endless enquiries to-day in the colony from merchants seeking goods of all kinds to sell in China. The allocations from the United Kingdom so far established to enable the colony to meet this demand barely touch the fringe of it. The South China market is one we would keep if once we got a reasonable foothold. Now is the time\n\n13. And the last thing is a prayer that H.M.G. will speedily accept the University proposals to re-establish what will in effect be the only institution devoted to higher learning from Manchuria to Hainan which is independent. The modern Sun Yat Sen may well be a student there: certainly he will not have the chance of being a student in China, as things are at present.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-593-1 Future policy- unofficial views 18-6-1946 - 28-12-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 582672, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946", "page_number": 121, "title": "CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946", "content_text": "## \n\n161 \n\n} extension of the \"through\" service will have to await the arrival of more locomotives, for which a high priority is being requested.\n\nStaff: I would record my appreciation of the efforts of the released prisoners-of-war and internees in running the communal services of the Colony before the arrival of this Branch and of the spirit of cooperation extended to us. The local staff has returned in considerable numbers and have been reinstated in their old employment. The filling of the War Establishment has proceeded slowly but some improvement has been shown recently.\n\nStores: Under the chairmanship of the Deputy Chief Engineer, Headquarters, Land Forces, consideration has been given to requests for undertaking of work by private individuals and public companies, and priorities assigned. The stocks of materials found in the various godowns in the Colony have been listed and made available, for rehabilitation work, to the various services requiring them. Requests on the list of stores admitted by the War Office are being presented up to the limit of shipping available.\n\nThe arrangements for the importation of large quantities of wood for joinery, for the manufacture of furniture including office equipment and for repairs to housing, is of great importance and it should receive sustained attention.\n\nFuture Policy: In the short term phase what is required is the rehabilitation of the native populace to enable them to cooperate in the work of restarting the industrial enterprises of the Colony, many of which have been at a standstill for two years or more. This rehabilitation is progressing on physical lines but the material side lags through lack of shipping space required to bring in the machinery, raw materials and other necessities, including Transport.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 584291, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-599-1 Salaries Commission 8-12-1947 - 22-12-1947", "page_number": 68, "title": "CO129-599-1 Salaries Commission 8-12-1947 - 22-12-1947", "content_text": "## ALLOWANCES\n\n21. In general, apart from high cost of living allowances, allowances will only be prescribed in respect of: \n(i) reimbursable expenditure incurred in performance of duty; \n(ii) duties extraneous to normal duties; \n(iii) special risks.\n\n22. Since an element for rent has been included in the revised salaries, no rent allowances will be paid to officers who elect to come on to the new terms. All officers occupying Government quarters including Government leased rooms in hotels and hostels will be charged rent, the scales of which will be published in the near future. In no case will the deduction exceed $350 per month or one seventh of an officer's basic monthly salary (excluding expatriation pay).\n\n23. No language allowances, as distinct from language study allowances, will be paid to officers converting to the new terms and conditions of service and officers at present drawing language allowances in accordance with G.O.137 will cease to draw them. Where officers are required by Government to learn a special dialect or language for special duties, or to reach an unusually high standard in any language, a bonus at rates to be devised may be paid.\n\n24. No fuel and light allowances will be paid to officers converting to the new terms of service, but those required to live in communal barrack accommodation will not be charged for fuel or light.\n\n## Allowances for Lodging, Hardlying, and Field Service\n\n25. The present scales set out in General Order 104 for field, hardlying and lodging allowances are being revised and in future these allowances will be payable only to cover the additional cost of food while an officer is compelled to sleep away from his headquarters or the cost of lodging where an officer is compelled to pay for overnight accommodation.\n\n## Boot Allowances\n\n26. Boot allowances will not be payable to officers converting to the new terms and conditions of service and instead boots or shoes of suitable pattern will be issued on an approved scale.\n\n## Acting Pay\n\n27. Acting Pay will continue to be paid under the provisions of General Order 90.\n\n## Overtime Allowances\n\n28. Overtime allowances will continue to be paid to certain classes of officers on a revised basis but will not be paid to professional, administrative, senior executive and technical officers, or to officers of departments where continuous duty is ensured by a system of shifts and where time off is given in compensation for hours worked in excess of forty-eight hours in any one week. Further details are contained in Secretariat Administrative Circular No. 2 of 9th January, 1948.\n\n## Language Study Allowance\n\n29. Where officers are required or are given permission to study a particular language, reasonable tuition expenses will continue to be paid by Government at appropriate rates.\n\n30. All personal allowances will be discontinued.\n\n## PENSIONS AND GRATUITIES\n\n31. Changes in the Pension Regulations are at present being considered. In this connection officers should note that those at present falling within the terms of Pension Regulations A will be required, if they accept the new terms and conditions of service, to accept the rate of pension in the existing Pension Regulations B.\n\nPage 70", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-599-1 Salaries Commission 8-12-1947 - 22-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 584656, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-599-2 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "page_number": 32, "title": "CO129-599-2 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "content_text": "## 31 A\n\nFor other departments where it is advantageous for the staff to be housed in the vicinity of their work, most men in the public service are local residents and can reasonably be expected to rent their own accommodation. In view of the large proportion of European-style accommodation which was destroyed or damaged as a result of the Japanese occupation and the general shortage of European-style houses, we consider it reasonable that Government should, as far as possible, relieve overseas officers of the anxiety of finding accommodation for themselves and should continue to provide quarters for such officers, who should properly be expected to pay economic rents.\n\n### Language Allowance\n\n4.8.\n\nWe recommend the complete abolition of language allowances in the case of officers accepting the new scales of pay, for we consider that where a knowledge of a language is essential for the proper performance of an officer's duties, it should be part of his conditions of service that he should qualify in that language before he is confirmed to the permanent pensionable establishment at the end of his probationary period. In grades in which a knowledge of a particular language is essential, we have provided for a three-year probation period as against a two-year probation period for grades in which such knowledge is not required. Where a knowledge of a particular language is desirable but not essential, we recommend that officers who obtain Government's permission to study a language should, on qualifying, be granted an appropriate bonus. Similarly, where an officer is required by Government to learn a special dialect or language for special duties, or to reach an unusually high standard in any language, we recommend the payment of an appropriate bonus. Where officers are required or are given permission to study a particular language, tuition expenses should be met in full by Government.\n\n### Fuel and Light Allowances\n\n49.\n\nThe fuel and light allowances payable to certain officers under General Order 113 clearly had their origin in the days when officers of these categories were required to live in barracks and received low salaries which were compensated for by benefits in kind. When officers in these categories were called upon or permitted to live in privately rented quarters, they received allowances to make up for the loss of the privileges enjoyed in barracks. As the cost of fuel and light must be reflected in any cost of living index, we recommend the abolition of these allowances if the officers at present entitled to them accept the revised salary scales. We have taken the loss of these privileges into account in assessing salaries for the grades affected and consider that all officers, whether living in Government married quarters or in privately rented accommodation, should pay for the fuel and light which they consume. Any fluctuations in the cost of light and fuel will, of course, be reflected in the high cost of living allowance until conditions become stabilised. We consider, however, that an exception should be made in respect of officers required to live in communal barrack accommodation who...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-599-2 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 584710, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-599-2 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "page_number": 86, "title": "CO129-599-2 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "content_text": "# PUNDIX VII \n## ON NUD\n\n(xxxviii) Recommendation that revised basic salaries should include addition of one sixth in lieu of quarters or house allowance. (paragraph 46).\n\n(xxxix) Recommendation that where officers are provided with Government quarters, an economic rent not exceeding 16 2/3% of an officer's salary should be charged, subject to certain \"ceilings\". (paragraph 46).\n\n(xl) Recommendation that where officers are required in connection with their duties to live in self-contained Government quarters, the rent deduction should be appropriately reduced. (paragraph 46).\n\n(xli) Recommendation that where local married officers are required to live communally in barracks or coolie quarters, the deduction for rent should be of a nominal percentage only. (paragraph 46).\n\n(xlii) Recommendation that if rents for appropriate accommodation advance beyond one sixth of an officer's salary, an appropriate adjustment should be made in the cost of living allowance. (paragraph 46).\n\n(xliii) Recommendation that Government should build or acquire quarters where it is advantageous for the staff of particular departments to be housed in the vicinity of their work. (paragraph 47)\n\n(xliv) Recommendation that Government should, in view of the shortage of European style houses, continue as far as possible to provide quarters for expatriate officers. (paragraph 47).\n\n(xlv) Recommendation that language allowance should be abolished. (paragraph 48).\n\n(xlvi) Recommendation that fuel and light allowances or the provision of free fuel and light should cease, except in the case of officers who are required to live in communal barrack accommodation. (paragraph 48).\n\n(xlvii) Recommendation that hardlying allowance should be abolished. (paragraph 50).\n\n(xlviii) Recommendation that the scale of field allowance and conditions under which it is granted should be revised and that in future Field allowance should be redesigned to cover the additional cost of food while an officer is compelled to sleep away from his headquarters. (paragraph 51).\n\n85", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-599-2 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 584770, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-599-4 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "page_number": 31, "title": "CO129-599-4 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "content_text": "# \n\nfor other departments where it is advantageous for the staff to be housed in the vicinity of their work. Most men in the public service are local residents and can reasonably be expected to rent their own accommodation. In view of the large proportion of European style accommodation which was destroyed or damaged as a result of the Japanese occupation and the general shortage of European style houses, we consider it reasonable that Government should, as far as possible, relieve overseas officers of the anxiety of finding accommodation for themselves and should continue to provide quarters for such officers, who should properly be expected to pay economic rents.\n\n## Language Allowance\n\n48.\n\nWe recommend the complete abolition of language allowances in the case of officers accepting the new scales of pay, for we consider that where a knowledge of a language is essential for the proper performance of an officer's duties, it should be part of his conditions of service that he should qualify in that language before he is confirmed to the permanent pensionable establishment at the end of his probationary period. In grades in which a knowledge of a particular language is essential, we have provided for a three-year probation period as against a two-year probation period for grades in which such knowledge is not required. Where a knowledge of a particular language is desirable but not essential, we recommend that officers who obtain Government's permission to study a language, should on qualifying be granted an appropriate bonus. Similarly, where an officer is required by Government to learn a special dialect or language for special duties, or to reach an unusually high standard in any language, we recommend the payment of an appropriate bonus. Where officers are required or are given permission to study a particular language, tuition expenses should be met in full by Government.\n\n## Fuel and Light Allowances\n\n49.\n\nThe fuel and light allowances payable to certain officers under General Order 113 clearly had their origin in the days when officers of these categories were required to live in barracks and received low salaries which were compensated for by benefits in kind. When officers in these categories were called upon or permitted to live in privately rented quarters, they received allowances to make up for the loss of the privileges enjoyed in barracks. As the cost of fuel and light must be reflected in any cost of living index, we recommend the abolition of these allowances if the officers at present entitled to them accept the revised salary scales. We have taken the loss of those privileges into account in assessing salaries for the grades affected and consider that all officers, whether living in Government married quarters or in privately rented accommodation, should pay for the fuel and light which they consume. Any fluctuations in the cost of light and fuel will, of course, be reflected in the high cost of living allowance until conditions become stabilised. We consider, however, that an exception should be made in respect of officers required to live in communal barrack accommodation who", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-599-4 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 584824, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-599-4 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "page_number": 85, "title": "CO129-599-4 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "content_text": "# APPENDIX VII CONFIDENTIAL\n\n\n85 \n\n\nno longer be treated as part of pensionable emoluments. (paragraph 46).\n\n**(xxxviii)** Recommendation that revised basic salaries should include addition of one sixth in lieu of quarters or house allowance. (paragraph 46).\n\n**(xxxix)** Recommendation that where officers are provided with Government quarters an economic rent not exceeding 16 2/3% of an officer's salary should be charged, subject to certain \"ceilings\". (paragraph 46).\n\n**(xl)** Recommendation but where officers are required in connection with their duties to live in self-contained Government quarters the rent deduction should be appropriately reduced. (paragraph 46).\n\n**(xli)** Recommendation that where local officers are required to live communally in barracks or coolie quarters, the deduction for rent should be of a nominal percentage only. (paragraph 46).\n\n**(xlii)** Recommendation that if rents for appropriate accommodation advance beyond one sixth of an officer's salary, an appropriate adjustment should be made in the cost of living allowance. (paragraph 46).\n\n**(xliii)** Recommendation that Government should build or acquire quarters where it is advantageous for the staff of particular departments to be housed in the vicinity of their work. (paragraph 47).\n\n**(xliv)** Recommendation that Government should, in view of the shortage of European style houses, continue as far as possible to provide quarters for expatriate officers. (paragraph 47).\n\n**(xlv)** Recommendation that language allowance should be abolished. (paragraph 48).\n\n**(xlvi)** Recommendation that fuel and light allowances or the provision of free fuel and light should continue except in the case of officers who are required to live in communal barrack accommodation. (paragraph 48).\n\n**(xlvii)** Recommendation that hardlying allowance should be abolished. (paragraph 50).\n\n**(xlviii)** Recommendation that the scale of field allowance and conditions under which it is granted should be revised and that in future field allowance should be redesigned to cover the additional cost of food while an officer is compelled to sleep away from his headquarters. (paragraph 51).", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-599-4 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 585132, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-599-5 Salaries Commission- Appendices to Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "page_number": 297, "title": "CO129-599-5 Salaries Commission- Appendices to Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "content_text": "# APPENDIX VII\n## CONTINUED.\n\ncclxvi\n\n(xlv) Recommendation that language allowance should be abolished. (paragraph 48).\n\n(xlvi) Recommendation that fuel and light allowances or the provision of free fuel and light should cease except in the case of officers who are required to live in communal barrack accommodation. (paragraph 48).\n\n(xlvii) Recommendation that hardlying allowance should be abolished. (paragraph 50).\n\n(xlviii) Recommendation that the scale of field allowance and conditions under which it is granted should be revised and that in future field allowance should be redesigned to cover the additional cost of food while an officer is compelled to sleep away from his headquarters. (paragraph 51).\n\n(xlix) Recommendation that a lodging allowance should be payable to officers who are compelled to pay for overnight accommodation while on duty. (paragraph 51).\n\n(l) Recommendation that boat allowance should be abolished and an issue from Government Stores substituted. (paragraph 52).\n\n(li) Recommendation that funds should be provided for official entertainment from which officers can be reimbursed for approved expenditure. (paragraph 53).\n\n(lii) Recommendation that charge allowances should be abolished. (paragraph 54).\n\n(liii) Recommendation that specific rates of acting pay should be laid down to cover cases where an officer in a lower grade acts in a higher grade but is at present ineligible for acting pay under General Order 90(2)(a). (paragraph 54).\n\n(liv) Recommendation that non-pensionable headmaster's and headmistress's allowances should be paid. (paragraph 55).\n\n(lv) Recommendation that non-pensionable allowance should be paid to Tutor Sisters. (paragraph 56).\n\n(lvi) Recommendation that the rules governing the payment of overtime and the rates of overtime should be revised. (paragraph 57).\n\n(lvii) Recommendation that officers receiving Chinese New Year bonus should not be excluded from receiving overtime. (paragraph 58).\n\n(lviii) Recommendation that officers on duty or study leave in the United Kingdom should receive subsistence allowance and travelling expenses at the rates applicable to officers in the United Kingdom Civil Service. (paragraph 59).\n\n(lix) Recommendation that medal allowances should be abolished. (paragraph 60).\n\n(lx) Recommendation that good conduct allowance should be payable in certain circumstances to Police Officers up to the rank of sergeant. (paragraph 62).\n\n297", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-599-5 Salaries Commission- Appendices to Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 588760, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-607-6 Police Department- Indian Section 11-1-1948 - 7-4-1949", "page_number": 3, "title": "CO129-607-6 Police Department- Indian Section 11-1-1948 - 7-4-1949", "content_text": "W Walla\n\n17/6\n\nAs drafted?\n\n2 Hong Kong Tel 689 bought.\n\n3. Gov. Deep. 54 Staff\n\nMr Venis M Paline Bmw\n\nI think Blake cover my approval.\n\n17/ 18/6./48.\n\n3-8-48 quite required under Col Reg 267\n\nH' Ugager Singh has been serving as Hong Kong Government Special Representative in India dealing with payments to Indian H.K Govt servants on leave. He was in the areas communal involved recent disturbances and I have no doubt warrant the special allowance.\n\nBRady 2618 J aqu JE Kund 27.8.48\n\nIn absence of Mr Palmen Dague Enthus 31/8", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-607-6 Police Department- Indian Section 11-1-1948 - 7-4-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 588994, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-608-3 Occupation reports- education in Stanley Internment Camp 7-11-1945 - 18-7-1947", "page_number": 42, "title": "CO129-608-3 Occupation reports- education in Stanley Internment Camp 7-11-1945 - 18-7-1947", "content_text": "Professor Forster, PRESENT.\n\nSTANLEY, June 24th, 1942.\n\nDear Professor Forster,\n\nThe American Communal Council has requested me to express its appreciation to you for the important service which has been rendered to the children of the American Community by the School which has been conducted at St. Stephen's Hall. We wish to thank all the members of the School Staff who have had part in this valuable work, and we are particularly grateful to you and Miss Gibbins for all that you have done in connection with this undertaking.\n\nWe realize that the British Community have borne almost the entire responsibility for this School and we appreciate the privilege of having the children of our Community receive the benefits of your services.\n\nVery sincerely yours,\n\n(Sgd.) M.T. RANKIN,\n\nVice-Chairman,\n\nAmerican Communal Council.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-608-3 Occupation reports- education in Stanley Internment Camp 7-11-1945 - 18-7-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 588998, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-608-3 Occupation reports- education in Stanley Internment Camp 7-11-1945 - 18-7-1947", "page_number": 46, "title": "CO129-608-3 Occupation reports- education in Stanley Internment Camp 7-11-1945 - 18-7-1947", "content_text": "REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE EDUCATION COMMITTEE IN \n\nTHE MILITARY INTERNMENT CAMP \n\nSTANLEY, HONG KONG. \n\nCLG \n\nI. Committees. \n\nAn informal committee with Professor L. Forster, \n\nHong Kong University, as Chairman, met early in February, 1942, with \n\na view to starting a communal school. This Committee was recognised \n\nby the Community Council, and it assumed an international aspect \n\nwhen it was joined by Mr Rankine, representing the American Community, \n\nand Mr Bolt, Dutch. On the formation of the British Community \n\nCouncil under the Hon. the Colonial Secretary, Mr F.C.Gimson, Mr J. \n\nRalston joined the Committee as government representative. \n\nThis Committee held monthly meetings during the \n\nwhole period of internment, and during a part of 1944 weekly informal \n\nmeetings were held at which papers of an educational nature were read. \n\nMembers of Committee were \n\nProfessor L. Forster, \n\nMiss Atkins, Father Meyer, the Rev.F.Short (resigned owing to pressure \n\nof work), Mr D.J.Sloss (also resigned), Professor R.Robertson, \n\nProfessor Brown, Professor W.G.Sewell, Mr J.Finnie, Mr A.Gilmour, \n\nMr B. Wylie, Miss E.M.Gibbins (Secretary). \n\nII. The Schools \n\nSenior (Age 12-18), Junior (Age 8-10), Kindergarten and Transition Classes (5-8) were held, with an average \n\ntotal of 180 children. These schools were at first all held in the \n\nGreat Hall of St.Stephen's College. In September 1944, the Clubroom \n\nof the Prison Officers' Club was made available from 11 a.m. for \n\nthe Kindergarten. Even after this, however, as many as 9 Senior \n\nclasses were frequently held in the Hall.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-608-3 Occupation reports- education in Stanley Internment Camp 7-11-1945 - 18-7-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590193, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-610-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University 3-1-1947 - 29-12-1947", "page_number": 232, "title": "CO129-610-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University 3-1-1947 - 29-12-1947", "content_text": "The New Statesman and Nation, January 25, 1947 \n\n5. 230 \n\nA SHOP WINDOW OF \n\nDEMOCRACY \n\nAMONG the many changes of political attitude that the last few years have brought in the Far East, that of some of the younger Chinese towards Hong Kong is one of the most significant. Prior to the recent war, Hong Kong to China was as Gibraltar to Spain, a constant source of irritation to the intelligentsia and to those who were nationally conscious. Lately, however, increasingly during the last few months, there has been a change in this attitude and some of the intelligentsia are saying that whilst their long-term aim is that Hong Kong should be a part of China, at the moment they do not desire that it should return to the national government.\n\nThe reasons for the change are three-fold. First, such a transfer of Hong Kong would, it is now seen, greatly increase the prestige of the reactionary element in the National Government and make more difficult the task of democratic and progressive forces in China; secondly, the recent experience of Formosa under the National Government has been far from happy; and, thirdly, it is now realised that Hong Kong might be made a shop window of democracy.\n\nThe Chinese intelligentsia are becoming more and more disheartened with events in China. They do not believe that agreement between the Kuomintang and the Communists is likely and they have little hope of the development of progressive movements in China. Their pessimism is not dispelled by the liberal form of the new constitution, which was adopted recently by the National Assembly in Nanking (largely due to intervention by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek) even though it does, nominally, lay the foundation of democratic government and envisages a time when China will no longer be under the one-party rule of the Kuomintang. Time will show how far their scepticism is justified. The immediate prospect in China is not comforting, and the contrast between Nanking and Hong Kong is sufficiently striking.\n\nIn Hong Kong we have in the very centre of the Far East the opportunity of providing a shop window of democracy; one where we can demonstrate, by a rapid progressive movement towards self-government and, where practicable, a substantial measure of nationalisation, the twin foundations upon which prosperity in the Far East can be based. As to self-government, that will undoubtedly rest upon adult suffrage irrespective of community. I, personally, am very much opposed to communal representation. When the franchise is granted to any of our territories in the Far East, it is only by a representative realising that he is responsible to his constituents as a whole, irrespective of race or religion, that democratic government will begin to operate. When in the final stages there is a legislature founded on representative democratic principles, it will also, of course, mean that the executive will be responsible to ministers deriving their authority from the legislature. Last, there is the Governor himself, who, in years to come, could well be a Chinese; this would give immense satisfaction in China and, even now, I would suggest that a Chinese resident of Hong Kong should be appointed Lieut.-Governor. It is of the greatest importance that the Lieut.-Governor should be a man of Liberal ideas who realises that Hong Kong can be an asylum for Chinese democrats who are, to an increasing and alarming extent, finding it difficult to live and work in China. Many Chinese who used to urge that Hong Kong be returned to China are today deeply grateful for the part that Hong Kong, under the British, has played as a refuge from political persecution and they feel that the need for such a refuge is by no means at an end.\n\nAs we have found by experience in this country, the best way to build up an effective democratic movement is to start with sound trade unions and co-operative societies. The masses, realising throughout the East, to an ever-increasing extent, that their enemies are not coolies in another religion or of another race, but their age-old economic enemies. These foes can only be countered by trade unions, co-operative societies, and the Labour Party which will grow out of them, and these bodies will provide in themselves experience of democratic government and a development of brotherhood. In addition to these means, which are, of course, paramount, there are others, minor, but still important, in the furnishing of the shop window. Among these, I would rate highly, Hong Kong University. In the past, this University has been chiefly noted, at all events, outside Hong Kong, for its medical and engineering faculties. It has served a wide area of the Pacific, and from as far away as Malaya, it used to be quite common for young men to enrol as students, but Hong Kong University can play a much larger part than it has done in the past if it be enlarged and developed to serve the great need which exists. The young people in the Far East, including China, would appreciate a first-class department of Political Science and Economics where they could learn the answers or, at all events, study the problems created by the new situations developing in the world, matters which so vitally affect them. Then, too, there should be a great department of Oriental studies, so that the ancient and modern culture of the Far East and particularly of China could be made known to those who desire to cultivate this field of knowledge. In other words, whether a man is a disciplined follower of Confucius or under the romantic spell of Taoism, he should find guidance at this seat of learning. Hong Kong University can, therefore, play its part as a great pulsating power-house of ideas in the Far East, serving not merely British possession, but China and other countries as well. Finally, such matters as child welfare, the position of women, public health, and education generally must be the best possible and can serve as objects of study by people from other countries.\n\nTo sum up, Hong Kong can and should be made by us a little model State, politically, economically, culturally, educationally, and socially. By so doing, not only will the inhabitants benefit immensely, but also, as part of the shop window, they will satisfy a need over a vast area in which more and more people are desiring democracy without the experience or the opportunity of considering at first hand.\n\nThe British no longer regard Hong Kong as a strategic base. From this point of view, its futility was proved in the last war. Indeed, our whole position in the Far East has changed. We are no longer an Imperialist Power so far as China is concerned. We could no longer supply arms or sterling to foreign countries, even if we so desired. But we can supply goods where other badly-needed goods can be exchanged, and we can supply ideas, the most potent export of all. And with this export, we must show by our institutions and our good administration how such ideas can be put into practice.\n\nD. R. REES-WILLIAMS", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-610-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University 3-1-1947 - 29-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591173, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-4 Development Committee- reports on various aspects 11-12-1945 - 14-7-1947", "page_number": 129, "title": "CO129-611-4 Development Committee- reports on various aspects 11-12-1945 - 14-7-1947", "content_text": "## to Wood Technology (Chalk). \n\n128 \n\nHe discussed with me reasons for choosing these three subjects which I thought excellent, but I do not feel that one term's study is sufficient in view of the circumstances. \n\n10. Mr. Tamworth raised the question of the establishment in the New Territories of Hong Kong of Communal Forests. We discussed this at some length and I believe that his suggestion is practicable; it will bring forestry into line with fisheries and agriculture. In consequence of these discussions I make the following recommendations: \n\n11. I recommend that Mr. J. P. Tamworth be granted facilities to continue his work at Oxford under Professor Champion for a further term. \n\n12. It is desirable that Mr. Tamworth should, on his return to Hong Kong, be in a position to give advice as to the utilization of different tropical hardwoods imported into the Colony from Borneo, Malaya etc. Under Mr. Chalk at Oxford he will receive the basic knowledge of wood technology, but I recommend that he should be given the opportunity during the long vacation to study at The Forest Products Research Station, Princes Risborough, for two or three weeks. \n\n13. During the long vacation a group of students from Oxford will be visiting France to study communal forests. I recommend that Mr. Tamworth joins this party for that purpose. \n\n14. There never has been a forestry library at Hong Kong; the B. & F. Department library at the Gardens in the main dealt with horticulture and systematic botany. A forestry library is essential and it should contain not only standard books but also selected forestry journals from different parts of the world. As many books are out of print and others only obtainable by diligent search through bookshops, and as it will take time to determine what are required and to select and place orders for both books and journals, I recommend that a sum of £100 (one hundred pounds) be placed at the disposal of Mr. Tamworth for the purchase of books and subscriptions to journals to form the basis of a forestry library. \n\n15. I recommend that Mr. J. P. Tamworth returns to Hong Kong in the autumn of 1946. The summer is the slack period in Hong Kong and therefore the best time for him to pursue his studies in Europe. As an officer in the Hong Kong Volunteers he was interned in Argyle Street Camp, Kowloon, and the additional months in Europe will do much to restore him physically and mentally to his former vigour. \n\n16. Prior to his return I would accept responsibility for the maintenance of such forest protective work as should be possible and for preliminary work in respect to seed collection and the establishment of nurseries. \n\n**G. A. C. Herklots; 11th March, 1946.** \n\nCopy to B. R. Wood \n\"Miss Ruston\"", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-4 Development Committee- reports on various aspects 11-12-1945 - 14-7-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591174, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-4 Development Committee- reports on various aspects 11-12-1945 - 14-7-1947", "page_number": 130, "title": "CO129-611-4 Development Committee- reports on various aspects 11-12-1945 - 14-7-1947", "content_text": "# COOPERATIVES\n## GOVERNMENT COOPERATIVE OFFICER\n### 129 See (29) or `HONG KONG.54 236/46`\n\nI have had long discussions with Miss Margaret Digby (Horace Plunkett Foundation) and with Miss Polley (International Cooperative Alliance) on 6th March, and a brief talk with Sir Frank Stockdale on the same day. Subsequent discussions were held with J. P. Tamworth and with Clifton Large.\n\n2. The questions of cooperation, cooperative organizations, and cooperative officers cannot be ignored in post-war Hong Kong. In Fisheries, a large organization has already been firmly established which will develop or be transformed into a Producers Cooperative. In Agriculture, a comparable organization has been set up this year which will handle first the transport and marketing of vegetables and which can in turn also be developed into a Producers Cooperative. The establishment of Communal Forests in the New Territories is a feasible proposition and should also be reviewed. These three branches, Fisheries, Agriculture, and Forestry, cover almost completely the rural community, and it is this aspect only that is considered here.\n\n3. Although organizations for the communal handling of fish and vegetables have already been established in Hong Kong, no person concerned with them has any knowledge of cooperative organizations. Sooner or later, difficulties will arise concerned, for example, with legal and financial problems, and these will need competent handling if chaos is to be avoided. Already the monetary value of fish handled has reached alarming proportions, upwards of £180,000 value of fish having been sold by the Fisheries organization in January alone. I am convinced that Government should provide a Cooperatives Officer whose business it is to see that the organizations grow up on the right lines and who can in person discuss problems with the various village units. The appointment of such a Government officer would be quite independent of any men trained subsequently for cooperative work and paid by one or other of the different rural cooperative organizations of which they would be members.\n\n4. If this viewpoint is accepted, that the Hong Kong Government should provide a rural cooperative officer, then attention can be paid to the best method of filling such an appointment. In some Colonies, a Government cadet, usually of some years' seniority, fills such a post. Usually, he is given special training prior to his appointment. It might be argued that such an appointment would be best for Hong Kong. It must be remembered that senior cadets, suited in temperament and education for such a post, are rare and costly. It should also be noted that the cooperative movement in Hong Kong is in its infancy, and therefore Government may be unwilling to second one of the best of their administrative personnel for this work. There is an alternative method of approach which I believe is worth careful consideration.\n\n5. The most important qualifications that a man should possess for such a post are integrity, enthusiasm, adaptability, knowledge of the language, and knowledge of the country and of its people. If a man in Government service with these qualifications can be found, then it is a simple matter to give him the necessary knowledge of cooperatives. If the man is young, he will learn the more readily and will be the more able to adapt his newly acquired knowledge to the problems to be faced, and, moreover, should Government at a later date wish to appoint a more senior man in his stead, he can be transferred to another department without difficulties arising.\n\nPage 130 \nPage 131", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-4 Development Committee- reports on various aspects 11-12-1945 - 14-7-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591175, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-4 Development Committee- reports on various aspects 11-12-1945 - 14-7-1947", "page_number": 131, "title": "CO129-611-4 Development Committee- reports on various aspects 11-12-1945 - 14-7-1947", "content_text": "## II.\n\n130 END\n\n6. There is a young man with these qualifications, who has only recently been placed on the permanent Hong Kong Government staff (Senior Clerical and Accounting Staff), and is receiving a salary now of approximately £300. He is Mr. Clifton Large, aged 24, who speaks Cantonese with extreme fluency and has a working knowledge of Hakka, having lived in the Colony since a child. He has an intimate knowledge of the New Territories and has had considerable experience with Chinese youth in connection with scouts, rovers, and Chinese boys' clubs. I recommend that this young man be trained as a cooperative officer and after training he be attached on probation to the Secretariat for Development. If his work is satisfactory he should be confirmed in the post, but if not he should return to routine departmental work.\n\n7. I recommend that Mr. Clifton Large, at present in England (`Baginton Fields Hostel, Coventry`), be given four to six months' study leave with maintenance and travel allowances; that he be trained under the direction of Miss Margaret Digby (who has expressed approval of this suggestion). He would study the cooperative movement in this country and in one or more countries in Europe, as advised by Miss Digby. He would return to Hong Kong in the autumn. At some subsequent date he would be sent into South China to study the cooperative movement there. It is not considered that a visit to India would be of special value.\n\n## COMMUNAL FORESTS\n\nOn 7th March during a discussion with Mr. J. P. Tamworth (pre-war Assistant Superintendent, Hong Kong Botanical & Forestry Department), he raised the subject of communal forests and said that he was keen that they should be established in the New Territories, Hong Kong. Elsewhere I make the suggestion that Mr. Tamworth should study for a further term at Oxford, review the literature concerning this subject, and in the summer vacation visit France and study there the organization and running of communal forests. On his return to Hong Kong he could then elaborate a scheme for the establishment of a communal afforestation policy for certain areas in the New Territories.\n\nIf a Cooperative Officer is to be trained for Hong Kong, as outlined in I, he can study the problems underlying communal forests so that, when the time comes for their establishment, his advice and assistance will be of value.\n\nMiss A. M. Ruston, \nColonial Office.\n\nCopy to B. R. Wood.\n\nI. Ashak \n(G. A. C. Herklots)\n\n11th March, 1946.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-4 Development Committee- reports on various aspects 11-12-1945 - 14-7-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591249, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-611-5 Development Secretariat- appointment of registrar of Co-operatives 10-3-1947 - 10-3-1948", "page_number": 74, "title": "CO129-611-5 Development Secretariat- appointment of registrar of Co-operatives 10-3-1947 - 10-3-1948", "content_text": "## 2\n\nMr Lange!\n\nsmaller fishermen; others are small consumer co-operatives.\n\n(b) Agriculture. One of the main activities of the newly formed Agricultural Department is the establishment and maintenance of a wholesale vegetable market. Parallel activities include the distribution of fertilizers and seeds to the farmers.\n\nAlthough an Agricultural co-operative has not yet been formed, the whole trend of the Government's dealings with the farmers is towards the organisation of co-operative industry. Collective marketing has already been established in a few areas and this will be extended next season.\n\nSome of the problems that need attention in the near future are the question of land tenure, the reclamation of marsh land, and the development of village markets, and, if these can be solved on co-operative lines, definite progress will have been achieved towards making the agricultural area a model for the neighbouring provinces of South China.\n\n(c) Forestry. A scheme is now under consideration by Government whereby the present system of leasing plots of Crown land to individual villagers on which to grow pine trees for fuel will be replaced by a system of communal forests. This is a bold policy and if it can be implemented will result in the transformation of the present denuded hillsides into woodland profitable to the villagers.\n\n3.\n\nThe Secretary for Development has on his staff a young officer who has been appointed a full-time Assistant Co-operative Officer after a brief period of study in England, Norway, and Denmark under the guidance of Miss Margaret Digby. The intimate knowledge of Cantonese which he possesses makes his services of particular value in the exploratory and propaganda phase which must precede the establishment of rural agricultural co-operatives in the villages of the New Territories. This officer's experience is insufficient to enable him to tackle the major task of planning the whole of the urban and rural work that seems to be necessary.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-611-5 Development Secretariat- appointment of registrar of Co-operatives 10-3-1947 - 10-3-1948.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591611, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-612-1 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 21-1-1947 - 17-2-1948", "page_number": 87, "title": "CO129-612-1 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 21-1-1947 - 17-2-1948", "content_text": "## H\n\nand in the main were dealt with merely as a \"show\" rather than a deterrent so that the Japanese in charge of the camp would not arrest, try, and inflict their own types of punishments.\n\nThe exception to the rule was the conduct of F.J. CLARKE, who was tried and convicted for \"misappropriation of Communal Rations\", i.e., \"pinching his comrades' food\". This offence he committed whilst in a position of trust. This case became the **\"cause celebre\"** of the whole camp life. He appealed against the conviction and penalty imposed by the Local Tribunal which was presided over by MA H.G. SHELDON K.C., (at present on long leave in the United Kingdom). The appeal went before the Camp Tribunal who upheld the decision of the Local Tribunal. He again appealed against their decision and a Special Tribunal was set up to hear the appeal. They in turn, upheld the previous decisions.\n\nOn 19/4/47 my Committee and I appeared before the Commissioner of Police on a routine Welfare matter and during this appearance I brought up the matter of these promotions. The Commissioner's reply was that in the case of CLARKE he had been recommended by the Board who had been in Internment Camp with CLARKE and had taken everything into consideration.\n\nIn the case of McCAHEY, no reply was made, but the Commissioner stated that any such promotions were sure to be unpopular. \n\nThe Promotion Board consists of the five most senior gazetted Officers in the Force. Included in this Board are Messrs. W. La B. SPARROW and 4:5, WILSON; these two, while on recuperation leave in the United Kingdom, approached the Colonial Office with a list of names of Pre-War Officers, intending that the greater number of these officers should not be allowed to return to Hong Kong as they were unfit, not in the physical sense, to be members of the Police Force.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-612-1 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 21-1-1947 - 17-2-1948.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591772, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949", "page_number": 67, "title": "CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949", "content_text": "## ALLOWANCES\n\n20. In general, apart from high cost of living allowances, allowances will only be prescribed in respect of: -\n(1) reimbursable expenditure incurred in performance of duty;\n(ii) duties extraneous to normal duties;\n(iii) special risks.\n\n21. Since an element for rent has been included in the revised salaries, no rent allowances will be paid to officers who elect to come on to the new terms. All officers occupying Government quarters, including Government leased rooms in hotels and hostels, will be charged rent, the scales of which will be published in the near future. In no case will the deduction exceed one seventh of an officer's basic monthly salary (excluding expatriation pay) and in the majority of cases it will be substantially less.\n\n22. No language allowances, as distinct from language study allowances, will be paid to officers converting to the new terms and conditions of service and officers at present drawing language allowances in accordance with **G.O.137** will cease to draw them. Where officers are required by Government to learn a special dialect or language other than Cantonese for special duties, or to reach an unusually high standard in any language, a bonus at rates to be devised may be paid. Bonus will be paid for the passing of any language examinations which may be prescribed for the passing of any probation, efficiency or promotion bars.\n\n## Fuel and Light\n\n23. No fuel and light allowances will be paid to officers converting to the new terms of service, but those required to live in communal barrack accommodation will not be charged for fuel or light.\n\n## Field, Hardlying and Lodging Allowances\n\n24. The present scales set out in **General Order 104** for field, hard lying and lodging allowances are being revised and in future the so allowances will be payable only to cover the additional cost of food while an officer is compelled to be away from his headquarters overnight or the cost of lodging where an officer is compelled to pay for overnight accommodation.\n\n## Boot Allowance\n\n25. Boot allowance will not be payable to officers converting to the new terms and conditions of service and instead boots or shoes of suitable pattern will be issued on an approved scale.\n\n## Acting Pay\n\n26. Acting pay will continue to be paid under the provisions of **General Order No.90**.\n\n## Language Study Allowance\n\n27. Where officers are required or are given permission to study a particular language, reasonable tuition expenses will continue to be paid by Government at appropriate rates.\n\n## Personal Allowances\n\n28. All personal allowances will be discontinued. Medal allowance, drill instructors teachers and instructors allowances will be discontinued.\n\n## Medal, Drill, Teachers, Instructors Allowances\n\n29. Uniform on an approved scale will continue to be supplied to non-gazetted Police officers free of charge.\n\n## Free Uniform\n\n30.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591836, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949", "page_number": 131, "title": "CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949", "content_text": "from the United Kingdom until July or August 1945. Utterly impossible for them to know anything whatever about this man as policeman much less his fitness for promotion.\n\n130\n\nEarlier I made mention of the conduct of the Police Force while interned. There were those who fell by the wayside and were punished by local tribunals set up to maintain law and order in the camp. Their offences were trifling and in the main were dealt with merely as a \"slap\" rather than a deterrent so that the Japanese in charge of the camp would not arrest, try, and inflict their own types of punishment.\n\nThe exception to the rule was the conduct of F.J. CLARKE, who was tried and convicted for \"misappropriation of Communal Rations\", i.e., \"pinching his comrades' food\". This offence he committed whilst in a position of trust. This case became the \"cause celebre\" of the whole camp life. He appealed against the conviction and penalty imposed by the Local Tribunal which was presided over by Mr. H.G. SHELDON K.O. The appeal went before the Camp Tribunal who upheld the decision of the Local Tribunal. He again appealed against their decision and a Special Tribunal was set up to hear the appeal. They, in turn, upheld the previous decisions.\n\nOn 19/4/47 my Committee and I appeared before the Commissioner of Police on a routine welfare matter and during this appearance I brought up the matter of these promotions. The Commissioner's reply was that in the case of CLARKE he had been recommended by the Board all of whom had been in the Internment Camp with CLARKE and had taken everything into consideration. In the case of McCahey, no reply was made, but the Commissioner stated that any such promotions were sure to be unpopular. How truthful he was and how unlawful the promotions were...\n\nThe Promotion Board consists of the five most senior gazetted Officers in the Force. Included in this Board are Messrs. L.B. SPARROW and O.B. WILSON; these two while on recuperation leave in the United Kingdom approached the Colonial Office with a list of names of Pre-War Officers, intending that the greater number of these Officers should not be allowed to return to Hong Kong as they were...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591837, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949", "page_number": 132, "title": "CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949", "content_text": "131.\n\nas they were unfit, not in the physical sense, to be members of the Police Force.\n\nI tackled the latter on this matter and he admitted same to me. In fact they were sent about their business.\n\nThe latter should consider himself very lucky indeed that he was ever allowed to return to Hong Kong, for whilst in Internment Camp his conduct, in common with other Superintendents, left much to be desired, and any disgrace added to the name of the Police Force can safely be attributed to their conduct. He and H.E. HEATH were taken \"up the hill\" to the Japanese Headquarters allegedly for \"Black Market\" activities and corporal punishment inflicted in a nature as one would punish a misbehaved child, (removed their pants) to inflict the punishment. Hardly the type of people to consider the future life of anyone under their care.\n\nI submit that the refusal by Colonial Office to entertain their suggestion has not deterred them, for since their return it has not taken long for them to wreak their vengeance.\n\nIn passing, I would like to inform you that I possess an Internment Camp \"Black Market\" book of Police Superintendent LUSCOMBE who was in the same clique as WILSON. This book shows his dealings in currency and jewellery. Their conduct really left much to be desired.\n\nOne other Inspector who received this promotion was the present Chief Detective Inspector WILLIAMSON, who, also while in the Camp, was in charge of one of the communal vegetable gardens. One day when returning from work, he was stopped by Mr. J. WILSON, civilian, who was in charge of all communal gardens, and questioned about vegetables he had in his possession which had not been turned in for communal purposes. He, WILLIAMSON, failed to give an explanation; in fact, refused to do so. By his failure to do so, was told by Mr. WILSON that he would no longer be employed on the communal gardens until he gave a satisfactory answer. The cessation of hostilities caused the matter to be dropped, for Disciplinary Action (Camp) was intended. I point this out as being yet another example of consideration by the so-called Promotion Board; perhaps no fault of WILLIAMSON's to be so promoted, but certainly he, with the others mentioned, should not have received consideration while more honest and capable men were serving.\n\nCorrespondance between...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 592184, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-613-1 Seminary of Dominican Fathers- Rosary Hill 7-4-1948 - 11-10-1949", "page_number": 84, "title": "CO129-613-1 Seminary of Dominican Fathers- Rosary Hill 7-4-1948 - 11-10-1949", "content_text": "# COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL DE LA CROIX-ROUGE \n## AGENCE CENTRALE DES PRISONNIERS DE GUERRE \n\n**Telephone:** ABBEY 2896. 2897.\n\n83 \n\n**LONDON DELEGATION** \n55, PALL MALL, S.W.1. \n7th April, 1948.\n\nDear Mr. Scarlett, \n\nI am very sorry to have to write to you so soon again and burden you with another matter which, as you will see, is not altogether new to the Colonial Office; it concerns liabilities for repairs and replacements incurred under the terms of the lease of the \"Rosary Hill Home\" in Hongkong.\n\nThe owners' claim and subsequent developments appear to be fully explained in the attached copies of correspondence consisting of: \n1) the I.R.C. Committee's letter No. 102 of 23-12-1946 to their delegate, Mr. R. Zindel, in Hongkong, with a copy of a memorandum of 22-10-1946 from the Governor of Hongkong to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, a copy of a letter of 4-12-1946 from the Under-Secretary of State, Colonial Office, to the Secretary, British Red Cross Society, and a copy of a letter of 10-12-1946 from the Finance Secretary, British Red Cross Society, to Mr. Rigg, I.R.C.C. Geneva;\n2) Mr. Zindel's reply of 5-3-1947 to the I.R.C.C. Geneva, with a copy of his letter of 30-3-1946 to Lieut. Col. W. Kay, Civil Affairs Administration, Hongkong;\n3) Mr. Zindel's further communication of 15-4-1947 to the I.R.C.C. Geneva;\n4) the I.R.C. Committee's reply of 27-3-1947 to the B.R.C. Society's letter of 10-12-1946;\n5) the I.R.C. Committee's further communication of 27-5-1947 to the B.R.C. Society;\n6) the Finance Secretary, B.R.C. Society's reply to the Committee's letter of 27-5-1947.\n\nIn asking me to re-submit this claim, with the additional information now available, to H.M. Government with a view to a settlement, my Headquarters state that the origin of this matter goes back to 1943, when, owing to the rapidly increasing cost of living in Hongkong, the allowances which Mr. Zindel was able to make to British \"dependents\" proved inadequate to meet essential needs. Mr. Zindel then conceived the idea of communal living for these \"dependents\", in order to provide them with assured lodging, food, medical and dental care, out of the limited funds supplied by H.M. Government. For this purpose, he secured the \"Rosary Hill Home\", the lease of which included a contingent liability clause for repairs and replacement of lost or damaged contents.\n\nColby H.K. \nMy Headquarters' view is that the said liability, though...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-613-1 Seminary of Dominican Fathers- Rosary Hill 7-4-1948 - 11-10-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 592923, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-614-3 Visit of Sir Patrick Abercrombie to advise on town planning 4-1-1948 - 10-1-1949", "page_number": 54, "title": "CO129-614-3 Visit of Sir Patrick Abercrombie to advise on town planning 4-1-1948 - 10-1-1949", "content_text": "53\n\nThe calculations given in the preceding section result in a density that is considerably lower than what has been adopted for certain post-war rebuilding at Kowloon. It is, however, very high compared with European standards, especially when recalling that the 200 persons per acre recommended for a very limited area in the London Plan received serious criticism from housing and town-planning reformers.\n\n21. The figures adopted (slightly modified from Mr. Owen's) are:\n| Category | Value |\n| --- | --- |\n| Persons per family | 7 |\n| Dwellings per building unit | 3 |\n| Building units per acre | 24 |\n| Persons per acre | 504 |\n| Persons per family | 3254 (per family, likely a typo and should relate to density) |\n| Dwellings per acre | 504 |\n\nIt was generally felt that this standard should be tried out in building before adopting it. Alternative figures for general distribution have been prepared for a reduction to 300 per acre. Before making a final decision on the target to be aimed at, it is strongly urged that this lower density should also be worked out, both in detail for housing accommodation and in its effect upon the total population the area will accommodate at this density. The Medical Officer's Report on his trial survey, the incidence of Tuberculosis in high densities, and the Social Workers' and Welfare evidence should be fully investigated and correlated before a decision is made as to whether the target should be 300 per net acre or 500; the former is, of course, preferable, and every effort should be made to realize it.\n\n22. In allocating acreage for housing purposes, a 'gross' acre must be considered to allow for all communal purposes, e.g., Community Centre, Shops, Clinic, Schools, local playgrounds (but not major open spaces); additional acreage should be allowed for those purposes. Thus, the 500 persons per net acre (which includes house plots and roads) will be reduced to 285 persons per gross acre. It is recognized, however, that in existing overcrowded areas, this target will be difficult to achieve, except under complete rebuilding, which should eventually take place. Open spaces, local playgrounds, and other community needs must be found as near as possible to the population to be served. Accordingly, in the calculations, the reduction of existing populations is taken at 500, but the siting for new populations (with the exception of Hung Hom, which has open space nearby) is taken at 285.\n\n23. This additional acreage introduces the principle of 'Community' Planning, which has not been developed in Hong Kong so far. It is acknowledged that it will take a long time to introduce a community structure into the monotonous building of 3-storey tenements. But a beginning should be made so that any new public or quasi-public building can be located with reference to this structure; and, of course, it must be introduced from the start in the layout of new areas.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-614-3 Visit of Sir Patrick Abercrombie to advise on town planning 4-1-1948 - 10-1-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 592973, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-614-4 Visit of Sir Patrick Abercrombie to advise on town planning 18-1-1949 - 19-5-1950", "page_number": 31, "title": "CO129-614-4 Visit of Sir Patrick Abercrombie to advise on town planning 18-1-1949 - 19-5-1950", "content_text": "## 3. HOUSING: DENSITY AND REDISTRIBUTION\n\n19. The housing conditions of Hong Kong present the most serious problem in the Colony. Density to the extent of 2,000 persons to the acre, and not confined to small patches, in buildings which are of entirely obsolete design but which under present powers cannot be condemned, is something unknown in European countries.\n\n20. After considering many alternative suggestions both as to numbers of the average family, floor area per person and number of building units per net acre, the type recommended by Mr. Owen, which gives 504 persons per net acre has been adopted for the purposes of making the calculations given in the preceding section. This is a considerably lower density than has been adopted for certain post-war rebuilding in Kowloon.\n\nIt is, however, very high compared with European standards when it is remembered that 200 persons per acre recommended for a very limited area in the London Plan, came in for very serious criticism from housing and town planning reformers.\n\n21. The figures which have been adopted (slightly modified from Mr. Owen's) are:\n- 7 persons per family.\n- 3 dwellings per building unit.\n- 24 building units per acre.\n- 45 square feet per person.\n- 315 square feet per family.\n- 504 persons per acre.\n\nIt was generally felt that this standard should be tried out in building before adopting it. Alternative figures for general distribution have been prepared for the reduction to 300 per acre. Before making a final decision on the target to be aimed at, it is strongly urged that this lower density should also be worked out, both in detail for housing accommodation and in its effect upon the total population which the area will take at this density. The Medical Officer's Report on his trial survey, the incidence of tuberculosis in high densities, and social workers' and welfare evidence should be fully investigated and co-related before a decision is arrived at as to whether the target should be 300 per net acre or 500: the former is of course preferable and every effort should be made to realise it.\n\n22. In allocating land for housing purposes, a gross acre must be taken in order to allow for all communal purposes, e.g., community centres, shops, clinics, schools, and local playgrounds (but not major open spaces for which an additional acre per 1,000 persons should be allowed): thus, the 500 persons per net acre, which includes house space and roads only, will be reduced to 285 persons per gross acre. It is, however, recognised that in the existing overcrowded areas this target will be difficult to obtain, except under complete rebuilding which should eventually take place. Open spaces, local playgrounds and other community needs must be found as near as possible to the population to be served. Accordingly, in the calculations, the reduction of existing population is taken at 500, but the siting for new population (with the exception of Hung Hom which has an open space nearby) is taken at 285.\n\n### Suggested Location and Acreage Required in Kowloon\n\n| District | Population to be accommodated | Acreage |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| A. Hill District East of Ho Man Tin | 57,000 | 200 |\n| B. Kau Lung Tsai East | 92,700 | 325 |\n| C. Kowloon Tong West | 78,500 | 275 |\n| D. Castle Peak Road area | 35,600 | 125 |\n| E. Kun Tong Reclamation | 50,000 | 175 |\n| F. Hung Hom Reclamation | 75,000 | 175 |\n| G. Gin Drinkers Bay | 57,000 | 200 |\n| H. Tsun Wan | 55,000 | 193 |\n| Total Population & Acreage | 500,800 | 1,643 (Say: 600,000 on 2,000 acres) |\n| I. Overspill north of Kai Tak | 100,000 | 350 |\n\n(1) With the exception of Hung Hom, the net density of 500 persons per acre is reduced to 285 per gross acre (i.e., over the gross area): this is explained in the following section.\n\n(1) An extreme but not unusual case given by Dr. Fehily shows 2,268 persons per acre.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-614-4 Visit of Sir Patrick Abercrombie to advise on town planning 18-1-1949 - 19-5-1950.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 594006, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-616-6 Hotels Ordinance- 1949 21-2-1949 - 21-2-1949", "page_number": 19, "title": "CO129-616-6 Hotels Ordinance- 1949 21-2-1949 - 21-2-1949", "content_text": "## \nMr. de Comer \nin Cashing tight it would be worse than the foreigner's news again \n19 \n\nIn two appertaining communal interests before heard. \n\nnya again \n\nL \n\n三十 \nParas of drift telepon slightly modified \n\nMore Coman \n12/4 \nTel 378 Conf \n12-4-49 \n\n26 Is Hong Kong \n27 \n43/4 \nSidom. \n\nDr. Sichert from return m15/+ \nReid Sharman Mary \nに \n||| + \n/3.4.49 \n28. \n\nfor. \ntel. 277 Sar \n9-4-49. \n(23 anod) \n\n29. Messrs. Reid Shurman & to \n21-4-49. \n(27 ack) \n\n30. Gov. \ntel.362 comf \n22-4-49", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-616-6 Hotels Ordinance- 1949 21-2-1949 - 21-2-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 594471, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-617-7 Development- possible implementation of CD and W Committee recommendations 18-2-1948 - 12-10-1948", "page_number": 51, "title": "CO129-617-7 Development- possible implementation of CD and W Committee recommendations 18-2-1948 - 12-10-1948", "content_text": "## OUTWARD TELEGRAM\n### FROM THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIES\n\n**Code**\n\nTO HONG KONG (Sir A. Grantham)\n\nSent 22nd June, 1948 – 10.15 hrs.\n\nNo. 698 **Restricted**\n\nYour savingram No. 300.\n\n**Colonial Development and Welfare**\n\nVillage Depots.\n\nYour despatch No. 244 of the 23rd October 1947 is under discussion with Pollous. In my reply I am proposing to suggest that projects such as manufacture and distribution of fertiliser and vegetable marketing scheme should be on communal lines and that assistance towards establishment of fertiliser factory and towards provision of lorries for transporting vegetables should therefore be partly if not entirely by loan.\n\nI am of opinion that any grant approved for village depots should therefore be on condition that services performed by depots on behalf of these two projects should be paid for and receipts credited to the scheme in diminution of the grant. It is unlikely that a free grant from Colonial Development and Welfare sources could be approved without this condition, and alternative would be a Colonial Development and Welfare loan.\n\nBefore proceeding further grateful to know if this condition is acceptable.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-617-7 Development- possible implementation of CD and W Committee recommendations 18-2-1948 - 12-10-1948.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 594518, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-618-1 Institute of Medical Research- proposed construction 21-4-1947 - 5-12-1947", "page_number": 19, "title": "CO129-618-1 Institute of Medical Research- proposed construction 21-4-1947 - 5-12-1947", "content_text": "## A. PUBLIC HEALTH\n\n### (1) Housing\n\nWe are satisfied that between ten and twenty per centum of Chinese-type houses in Hong Kong were destroyed during hostilities or by looters during the Japanese occupation of the Colony. Similarly, between sixty and seventy per centum of European-type houses were destroyed or severely damaged during the same period.\n\nIt is our unanimous opinion that the provision, for example, of hospital beds for tuberculosis and other diseases arising from bad housing is poor economy unless energetic action is taken, concurrently, to secure improvement in housing, particularly of the working classes where such diseases are being manufactured and spread daily.\n\nWe were not impressed with the defeatist argument that whatever improvement is effected in housing in Hong Kong, this would always be negatived by the influx of persons from Kwang Tung and other parts of China.\n\nWe admit, in this connexion, that it is true that it is well-nigh impossible to prevent the overcrowding of premises, even when legal sanctions exist. On the other hand, we feel that it is obvious that there is less danger from overcrowding of premises which are constructed on hygienic principles, of fire-proof easily cleansed materials, with adequate lighting, ventilation, sanitary offices and arrangements for cooking. We envisage advance along three main lines which are all capable of being carried out at the same time. Firstly, the clearance of war-damaged property and its replacement by buildings of modern type except on sites which should be retained as \"lungs\", recreation grounds, etc.\n\nThis may involve wholesale resumption of land by Government to make possible street widening and up-to-date layouts. We feel that every possible advantage should be taken of the considerable areas of damaged buildings to modernize the city, to speed up the process of slum clearance which was started, fortuitously, by the advent of war to Hong Kong. Model neighbourhood units or communal housing for workers with welfare, recreational and educational centres, communal bath-house, laundry, closets, etc., on both sides of the harbour, e.g., at Hung Hom, Tai Kok Tsui, Wan Chai and Kennedy Town, would make possible the removal of several festering sores in the form of congested slums. While such housing is an urgent need for the under-privileged, its want is also felt by the \"white collar\" and professional classes.\n\nWe are well aware of the fact that communal housing schemes must, inevitably, be subsidised. This is a recognised fact in communities where the average wage-earning capacity of the worker is considerably higher than in Hong Kong. We believe that it might be possible to obtain part at least of the required funds by application to the Lord Mayor's Empire Fund for Air Raid sufferers and from the Banking Community, particularly if Government would be prepared to give security for the payment of interest at, say, 4% per annum on the loans raised.\n\nSecondly, we feel that the time is overripe for the introduction of legislation requiring owners of inhygienic property built in the earlier days of the Colony's history to modernize their buildings, within a period not exceeding twenty years. Property owners failing to effect this in the time limit would have their houses demolished without compensation.\n\nThirdly, we consider that the possibility should be explored of constructing temporary buildings of a very simple but...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-618-1 Institute of Medical Research- proposed construction 21-4-1947 - 5-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 594540, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-618-1 Institute of Medical Research- proposed construction 21-4-1947 - 5-12-1947", "page_number": 41, "title": "CO129-618-1 Institute of Medical Research- proposed construction 21-4-1947 - 5-12-1947", "content_text": "## B. HEALTH\n\n41\n\n1. Neighbourhood Units (Workers housing scheme with communal amenities).\nKennedy Town\nWanchai\nTsim Sha Tsui\nTai Kok Tsui\nKowloon City.\n\n2. Immigration and Disinfection Station:\n\n3. Crematorium and Mortuary:\nTai Kok Tsui.\n\n4. Conversion to Water-borne Sewerage:\n$16,000,000.-\nKowloon: $18,000,000.- Hong Kong: $12,000,000.-\n(Combined on Kowloon side with method of utilising matured nightsoil).\n800,000.-\n500,000.-\n\n5. Training School:\n| Category | |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) Health Inspectors. | |\n| (b) Health Visitors. | |\n| (c) District Midwives. | |\n| (a) Dentists. | $1,000,000.- |\n| | $500,000.- |\n| | $500,000 |\n| | $250,000.- |\n\n6. Public Slaughter House:\nGin Drinkers' Bay.\n\n## C. INVESTIGATION\n\n1. General Laboratory:\nKowloon Medical Centre.\n\n2. Animal Houses:\nNew Kowloon.\n\n**Note:**\n1. The sites for the infectious diseases and general hospitals were prepared before the outbreak of the Pacific War.\n2. The Hong Kong Anti-Tuberculosis Association hopes to be in a position to build a sanatorium.\n3. Sites were selected for the polyclinic and for the welfare centres at Tsun Wan and Un Long in 1939-40.\n4. Housing is regarded as of the very greatest importance and while it comes more appropriately under the Housing and Town Planning Sub-Committee, it is realised that every possible emphasis should be laid on it. Combined with new houses, the plan suggested by Mr. R.S.W. Paterson, O.B.E, M.C., for improving the old-fashioned type within the next twenty years, with demolition as the penalty for failure, merits careful consideration.\n5. Very little mention has been made of the Leased Territories which constitute backward areas in serious need of health improvement but requirements in the form of markets, slaughter houses, public latrines, water supplies have been included under \"D\" in the main report.\n6. The estimate of cost of Kowloon Sewerage does not include main pumping, pipe line and sewage farm but is based upon a population of 750,000. The figure for Hong Kong is calculated on a per capita basis of $20 for a population of 600,000.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-618-1 Institute of Medical Research- proposed construction 21-4-1947 - 5-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 594541, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-618-1 Institute of Medical Research- proposed construction 21-4-1947 - 5-12-1947", "page_number": 42, "title": "CO129-618-1 Institute of Medical Research- proposed construction 21-4-1947 - 5-12-1947", "content_text": "## APPENDIX D. 2.\n\n### Priorities\n\n1. Neighbourhood Units (Workers Housing Schemes with communal amenities):\n - Kennedy Town Wanohai\n - Tsim Sha Tsui\n - Tai Kok Tsui\n - Kowloon City.\n\n2. Infectious Diseases Hospital:\n\n3. General Laboratory: Kowloon Medical Centre.\n\n4. Animal Houses: New Kowloon.\n\n4A. Immigration and Disinfection Station:\n\n5. General Hospital:\n\n6. Hospital for Sick Children:\n\n7. Mental Hospital:\n\n8. Tuberculosis Pavilions:\n\n9. Polyclinic: Wanchai\n\n10. Health Centres:\n - Kowloon City\n - Tsun Wan\n - Un Long Taipo\n\n11. Crematorium and Mortuary: Tai Kok Tsui\n\n12. Training School:\n - a) Health Inspectors.\n - b) Health Visitors.\n - c) District Midwives.\n - d) Dentists.\n\n13. Conversion to Water-borne Sewerage:\n\n14. Leper Settlement.\n\n15. Public Slaughter House: Gin Drinkers' Bay.\n\n16. Students Hostel:\n\n17. Polyclinic: Sai Ying Pun.\n\n| Priority | Project | Category |\n|---------|---------|----------|\n| 1 | Neighbourhood Units | B. Health |\n| 2 | Infectious Diseases Hospital | A. Medical. 1 |\n| 3 | General Laboratory | C. Investigational. 1 |\n| 4 | Animal Houses | A. Medical. 2 |\n| 4A | Immigration and Disinfection Station | = C. Investigational |\n| 5 | General Hospital | = B. Health, = A. Medical. 3 |\n| 6 | Hospital for Sick Children | = A. Medical. 4 |\n| 7 | Mental Hospital | A. Medical. 5 |\n| 8 | Tuberculosis Pavilions | = A. Medical. 6 |\n| 9 | Polyclinic | = A. Medical. 7 |\n| 10 | Health Centres | B. Health. 3 |\n| 11 | Crematorium and Mortuary | = B. Health. 5 |\n| 12 | Training School | 400 + B. Health |\n| 13 | Conversion to Water-borne Sewerage | A. Medical. 9 |\n| 14 | Leper Settlement | = B. Health. 6 |\n| 15 | Public Slaughter House | = A. Medical. 8 |\n| 16 | Students Hostel | A. Medical. 10 |\n| 17 | Polyclinic | |\n\nPage 400\n42 End", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-618-1 Institute of Medical Research- proposed construction 21-4-1947 - 5-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 595344, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-621-11 War damage compensation 2-4-1948 - 21-4-1948", "page_number": 3, "title": "CO129-621-11 War damage compensation 2-4-1948 - 21-4-1948", "content_text": "# Memorandum\n\n## Hong Kong Bar Damage Compensation\n\nWhen the question of setting up Claims Commissions in the Far Eastern Colonial territories was under consideration in 1945, it was envisaged that there would be one Commissioner from this country (an official loaned from the Board of Trade) with a deputy in each territory, thus ensuring a common policy being followed in the reports which would be submitted to the respective Governments. Unfortunately, the official in question was unable to proceed abroad owing to sickness and alternative arrangements had to be made at short notice. In the case of Hong Kong, the services of an insurance company officer (Mr. Matheson) were obtained through the good offices of the Board of Trade, but the procedure followed by him, with the approval of the Hong Kong Government, differed from that followed by the Commissioner in Malaya.\n\n## \n\nIn Malaya, a fresh form of claim was devised and public announcements made inviting every claimant to resubmit his claim on the new form, so that the Commission could get as complete and detailed an appreciation of the problem as possible. The Hong Kong Commissioner based his examination of the problem on claims which had already been submitted during the war to the United Kingdom Trading with the Enemy Department (who acted as a registration authority on behalf of the Colonies concerned), and on claims which had been submitted to the Hong Kong Government after liberation in connection with a reparations investigation. It is not, of course, contended that an examination on the basis of such claims, which were inevitably less accurately drawn up than those submitted to the Malayan Commission, would affect the decision ultimately taken by the Hong Kong Government as to payment of compensation, but it is indicative to some extent of the belief of the Hong Kong Government that it was unlikely, whatever the result of the examination, any compensation would be paid.\n\n2. As a result of his examination of claims, the Commissioner estimated that the total claims amounted to about $25 millions on the basis of 1941 values. Of that amount, about $10 millions was in respect of commercial goods and in this connection, it must be borne in mind that Hong Kong, after the commencement of the war, unlike Malaya, did not institute an insurance scheme covering war risks to commercial goods.\n\n3. The Commissioner, as a result of his consideration of the situation in Hong Kong since liberation, is of the opinion that a general scheme of compensation should not be inaugurated. In support of his opinion, he pointed out:\n\n| Point | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | Rehabilitation of industry and commerce was not being held up by lack of financial resources but by scarcity of materials. |\n| (ii) | Firms since liberation have generally speaking, profited by large turnovers and higher profit margins enabling them to pay higher dividends even after writing off war losses; and share prices were higher than before the war. Consequently, any compensation paid would simply be an additional return to shareholders. |\n| (iii) | Owing to the great demand for land and buildings since the liberation, even damaged property could be sold at a higher price than before the war. Much rehabilitation had already been done and lack of funds did not appear to be hindering rehabilitation. |\n\n(4) As regards Private Chattels, certain claimants had already received payments from United Kingdom funds, e.g., from War Office, Admiralty, and from the Board of Trade in the case of persons who had been interned and who intended to remain in the United Kingdom. (The question of extending the Board of Trade scheme to all those residing in this country who do not intend to return to the Far East, irrespective of whether they were interned or not, is under consideration.) As regards claimants in Hong Kong, the Commissioner considers that there is little expectation of payment of compensation and it would be very difficult after this lapse of time to prove ownership of chattels in many cases. On balance, therefore, he does not recommend compensation for the loss of chattels.\n\n5. In the case of agricultural losses in the New Territories, the Commissioner felt that Government had already done much to improve the lot of the claimants so that individual sums of compensation were less desirable than an organised scheme of communal betterment.\n\nPage 3 \n55736", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-621-11 War damage compensation 2-4-1948 - 21-4-1948.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 597398, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-624-14 Finances- relief stores- Hangover stores and Siamese free rice 1-7-1948 - 31-12-1951", "page_number": 39, "title": "CO129-624-14 Finances- relief stores- Hangover stores and Siamese free rice 1-7-1948 - 31-12-1951", "content_text": "C\n\nSTATEMENT OF NET RESULT\n\nOF PROVISION OF WAR OFFICE\n\nSTORES TO HONG KONG\n\nGross Cost of Stores Allocated for\n\nDelivery to Hong Kong.\n\n(a) Stores for Resale, etc.\n\n \n Food\n Rice\n 1,575,771\n \n \n Clothing\n \n 845,395\n \n \n Soad\n \n 211,919\n \n \n Newsprint\n \n 48,459\n \n \n Household Goods\n \n 5,012\n \n \n Packing Materials\n \n 198,027\n \n \n Raw Material\n \n 5,841\n \n \n Coal\n \n 2,299\n \n \n Medical & Miscellaneous\n \n 228,162\n \n \n \n \n (est)155,000\n \n \n \n \n 3,275,885\n \n\n(b) Rehabilitation Stores\n\nand Equipment.\n\n \n Agriculture\n \n 3,800\n \n \n Communal Camps\n \n 46,722\n \n \n Fishing Supplies\n \n 15,616\n \n \n Medical\n \n 76,187\n \n \n Ordnance and Engineering Stores\n \n 757,041\n \n \n \n \n 899,366\n \n\nGross Cost of Stores\n\n4,175,251\n\nFinancial Result of Provision of Stores.\n\n(Cash payments, credits and transfer items)\n\n(a) Stores for Resale, etc.\n\n \n (i) Cash paid to H. M. Government\n \n 3,017,000\n \n \n (ii) Siam \"free\" rice\n \n 181,000\n \n \n (iii) B.M.A. issues coal & medical supplies\n \n 145,000\n \n \n (iv) Free issues to Services\n \n 39,000\n \n \n (v) Transfer to subsidise B.M.A. local rice purchases\n \n 528,000\n \n \n \n \n 3,910,000\n \n\nAPPENDIX II.\n\n38\n\n£", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-624-14 Finances- relief stores- Hangover stores and Siamese free rice 1-7-1948 - 31-12-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 597431, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-624-14 Finances- relief stores- Hangover stores and Siamese free rice 1-7-1948 - 31-12-1951", "page_number": 72, "title": "CO129-624-14 Finances- relief stores- Hangover stores and Siamese free rice 1-7-1948 - 31-12-1951", "content_text": "ESTIMATE OF C.A. SUPPLIES\n\nHONG KONG.\n\nDividing date between\n\nMilitary and Civil\n\nPeriods.\n\n30th April, 1946\n\n \n CATEGORY\n UNITED KINGDOM\n INDIA\n \n \n \n Before\n After\n \n \n \n FOOD\n 1,385,596. 5. 2.\n 312.15. 2.\n \n \n \n AGRICULTURE\n 14, 861. 5.11.\n \n \n \n \n COMMUNAL CAMPS\n 10, 124.12. 1.\n \n \n \n \n FISHING\n 1,377. 9. 7.\n \n \n \n \n CLOTHING\n 47,794. 0. 3.\n 190,174.14. 2.\n \n \n \n SOAP\n 3,487. 6. 7.\n 15,581.15. 7.\n \n \n \n \n \n 4,664.11. 0.\n \n \n \n \n 154,169. 1.11.\n \n \n \n \n \n 46,278.13. 4.\n \n \n \n \n \n 5,826.19. 9.\n \n \n \n \n \n 56,372.15. 4.\n \n \n \n \n NEWSPRINT\n 3,689.10. 6.\n \n \n \n \n INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLD\n 138,547.14. 6.\n \n \n \n \n MEDICAL\n 56,621.18. 7.\n \n \n \n \n PACKING MATERIALS\n 17,267. 8.11.\n 178,904.10. 5.\n \n \n \n TECHNICAL ORD\n 16,258. 5. 9.\n 416, 249.18. 6.\n \n \n \n RAW MATERIALS\n 664.12. 6.\n \n \n \n \n ENG\n 1,322.17. 1.\n \n \n \n \n \n 28,574.12. 5.\n 53, 341. 6.11.\n \n \n \n \n 194 12 3\n \n \n \n \n \n 957. 5. 6.\n \n \n \n \n \n 30,905.12. 5.\n 21,224. 4. 4.\n \n \n \n \n 5,646 13 4\n \n \n \n \n \n 12,066.11. 2.\n 409,512.18. 0.\n \n \n \n \n 1,341.17.11.\n \n \n \n \n BURMA RICE\n \n \n 51,274. 0. 0.\n \n \n SIAM RICE (b)\n \n \n 794,123 11 7\n \n \n TOTALS\n £2,700,495 2 8.\n £885,581 0 2.\n £589,175 5 7.\n \n\nNOTE:\n\n(a) No split between Military and Civil periods for Indian figure is possible due to lack of shipping dates, etc., for stores supplied by India.\n\n(b) Includes £516,700 in respect of \"Siamese free rice\".", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-624-14 Finances- relief stores- Hangover stores and Siamese free rice 1-7-1948 - 31-12-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 597454, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-624-14 Finances- relief stores- Hangover stores and Siamese free rice 1-7-1948 - 31-12-1951", "page_number": 95, "title": "CO129-624-14 Finances- relief stores- Hangover stores and Siamese free rice 1-7-1948 - 31-12-1951", "content_text": "ESTIMATE OF O.A. SUPPLIES\n\nHONG KONG\n\nDividing date between Military and Civil periods\n\n30th April 1946\n\nCATEGORY\n\n \n UNITED KINGDOM\n Before\n After\n INDIA\n Total\n \n \n FOOD\n 1,385,596 5 2\n 190,174 14 2\n \n \n \n \n AGRICULTURE\n \n \n \n \n \n \n COMMUNAL CAMPS\n \n \n \n \n \n \n FISHING\n \n \n \n \n \n \n CLOTHING\n \n \n \n \n \n \n SCAP\n \n \n \n \n \n \n NEWSPRINT\n \n \n \n \n \n \n INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLD\n 312 15 2\n 14,861 5 11\n \n \n \n \n MEDICAL\n 10,124 12 1\n 1,377 9 7\n 47.794 0 3\n \n \n \n \n 3,689 10 6\n 6 138,547 14\n 56,621 18 7\n \n \n \n \n \n 3,427 6 7\n 15,581 15 7\n \n \n \n \n \n 46,278 13 1\n 4,664 11 0\n \n \n \n \n \n 5,826 19 9\n 154,169 1 11 6\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 56,372 15 4\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 664 12\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1,322 17\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 28,574 12 5\n \n \n \n \n \n 53,341 1\n 30,904 12 5 6 11\n \n \n \n \n \n 21,224 4 4\n \n \n \n \n PACKING MATERIALS\n 194 12 3\n 5,646 13 4\n \n \n \n \n TECHNICAL ORD\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ENG\n 17,267 8 11\n 178,904 10 5\n 16,258 5 9\n \n \n \n \n \n 416,249 18 6\n 12,066 11\n 409,512 18\n \n \n ON\n \n \n \n \n \n \n RAW MATERIALS\n 957 5 6\n 1,341 17 11\n \n \n \n \n BURMA RICE\n \n \n 51,274 0 0\n \n \n \n SIAM RICE(C)\n \n \n 794,123 11 7\n \n \n \n TOTALS\n £2,700,495 2 8\n £885,581 0\n £589,175 5 7(a)\n \n \n\nNOTE: (a) No split between Military and Civil periods for Indian figure is possible due to lack of shipping dates, etc., for stores supplied by India.\n\n(b) Information obtained from Ministry of Food invoices.\n\n(c) Includes £516,700 in respect of \"Siamese free rice\".", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-624-14 Finances- relief stores- Hangover stores and Siamese free rice 1-7-1948 - 31-12-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 597462, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-624-14 Finances- relief stores- Hangover stores and Siamese free rice 1-7-1948 - 31-12-1951", "page_number": 103, "title": "CO129-624-14 Finances- relief stores- Hangover stores and Siamese free rice 1-7-1948 - 31-12-1951", "content_text": "ESTIMATE OF C.A. SUPPLIES\n\nHONG KONG\n\nDividing date between Military and Civil Periods\n\n30th April 1946\n\n \n CATEGORY\n Before\n UNITED KINGDOM\n After\n INDIA\n \n \n \n \n £\n s.\n d.\n £\n s.\n d.\n \n \n FOOD\n \n 1,385,596\n 5\n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n AGRICULTURE\n \n 190,174\n 14\n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n COMMUNAL CAMPS\n \n \n \n \n 99\n 4\n \n \n \n FISHING\n \n 312\n 15\n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n CLOTHING\n \n 14,861\n 5\n 11\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 10,124\n 12\n 1\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1,377\n 9\n 7\n \n \n \n \n \n SOAP\n \n 47,794\n 0\n 3\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 3,427\n 6\n 7\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 15,581\n 15\n 7\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 46,278\n 13\n 4\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 4,664\n 11\n 0\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 5,826\n 19\n 9\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 154,169\n 1\n 11\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 56,372\n 15\n 4\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 664\n 12\n 6\n \n \n \n \n \n NEWSPRINT\n \n 3,689\n 10\n 6\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1,322\n 17\n 1\n \n \n INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLD\n \n 138,547\n 14\n 6\n \n \n \n \n \n MEDICAL\n \n 56,621\n 18\n 7\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 28,574\n 12\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 53,341\n 6\n 11\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 5\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 30,904\n 12\n 5\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 21,224\n \n 4\n \n \n \n \n \n PACKING MATERIALS\n \n \n \n \n 17,267\n 8\n 11\n \n \n TECHNICAL ORD\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n ENG\n \n 178,904\n 10\n 5\n \n \n \n \n \n RAW MATERIALS\n \n 194\n 12\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 16,258\n 5\n \n 416,249\n 18\n \n \n \n \n \n 957\n 5\n 6\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 3\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 5,646\n 13\n 4\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 96\n \n 6\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 12,066\n \n \n 409,512\n 11\n 18\n \n \n \n \n 20\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1,341\n 17\n 11\n \n \n \n \n \n BURMA RICE\n \n \n \n \n 51,274\n 0\n 0\n \n \n SIAM RICE (C)\n \n \n \n \n 794,123\n 11\n 7\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n free bait\n \n \n \n \n TOTALS\n \n £2,700,495\n 2\n 8\n £885,581\n 0\n 2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n £589,175\n 5\n 7(a)\n \n\nNOTE: (a) No split between Military and Civil periods for Indian figure is possible due to lack of shipping dates, etc. for stores supplied by India. (b) Information obtained from Ministry of Food invoices. (c) Includes 516,700 cwts of Siamese free rice.\n\n[Enclosure to M-Trevalwyn (WO) letter To Mr Sexpell (Treasury) 16/Abt/2567 (F5) 16.2.48 сотру No. 1/4/55410/1/50]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-624-14 Finances- relief stores- Hangover stores and Siamese free rice 1-7-1948 - 31-12-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 599348, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951", "page_number": 5, "title": "CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951", "content_text": "(1596) WtY.21290/995 9/50 1,305,000 JC&S Ltd. Gp736/208\n\n(REGIMEAN)\n\nCODE 5-33-0\n\nReference...\n\nMR. HALL\n\nIt is very encouraging to read that Hong Kong is acting so quickly. The other day I met Mr. J. M. Richards, Editor of \"The Architects' Journal\" and Architectural Correspondent to \"The Times\", who has recently returned from a short visit to Hong Kong. He spoke highly of the P.W.D's. architectural work and of W. W. C. Shewan, the Chief Architect.\n\nI have some comments to make on the design and construction of the flats, but think these might best be made in a personal letter to Shewan. I would like to see the papers again later. I note and accept the comments made in paragraph 10 of 1 on the undesirability of communal kitchens, etc.\n\nTo do so, I see no objection to the interim proposals for construction and administration of the housing. It looks as if a principal problem for housing in Hong Kong, at least on the island, is the acquisition and development of sites. There is something to be said for keeping these separate financially from house building. For example, it may be desirable, and more economical, to develop a larger area than is needed immediately, and even to lease part of that area for private development such as shops or lower middle-class housing. The difficulty of obtaining suitable sites underlines the need to consider town planning side by side with housing. Too often elsewhere I have seen sites which are least level and most expensive to develop left for low-cost housing. If the cost of site development is to be the subject of a C.D. and W. grant, it is very necessary to ensure that it is carried out economically. I have every confidence that the present P.W.D. will do this.\n\nG. Anthony Atkinson\n\nG. ANTHONY ATKINSON\nColonial Liaison Officer\n24.4.51\n\nMr Annitage. Smith.\n\nI am afraid this is a somewhat long memorandum but unless you particularly want it shortened, we can let it go. I am content with it as it is.\n\nHllall\n27/4\n\nN.A. Annitage - Suitto", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 599370, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951", "page_number": 27, "title": "CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951", "content_text": "4. The plans allow for one living room, a kitchen, w.c. and small balcony in each flat. This is considered to be the minimum standard of accommodation desirable on health and social grounds and is preferred to a cheaper form of barrack accommodation with communal kitchen, bathrooms and w.c.'s on each floor. The plan is designed to allow for the maximum through ventilation and is sufficiently strong to withstand typhoon conditions without being extravagant. Sketch plans of the flats and of the layout are available in the Colonial Office. The design of the flats has been made by the Acting Chief Architect, Hong Kong Government, assisted by advice from a Committee on which are representatives of the Public Works Department, Medical and Health Services, Labour and Social Welfare Departments, as well as a number of unofficial ladies and gentlemen who include among their number two leading Chinese property owners and Mr. S.E. Faber, a Consulting Engineer in private practice. The total cost of the group of 190 flats is estimated at $1,132,968, including $120,000 for site formation and 6% of the building costs only for architects' fees. The corresponding figure for the group of 180 flats is $1,076,500 including $96,000 for site formation and the same scale of architects' fees.\n\nThese figures do not include the value of the land which is $293,700 and $207,080 in each case and which it is proposed should be recovered over the duration of the lease in annual instalments with interest.\n\n5. In order to make a start with this scheme at the earliest possible date, it is proposed that the Public Works Department should undertake the site formation, construction of access roads, and installation of water and drainage, and that the sites, when formed, should be handed over to the Hong Kong Housing Society to supervise construction. A memorandum setting out the aims and objects of this Society is attached. If these proposals are approved, the Society will be required to become incorporated and, on formation of an Improvement Trust, to merge its functions into those of the Trust and make over the flats to it. The loan from Government required to meet construction costs will be made in the first instance to the Hong Kong Housing Society, but the Society's assets and liabilities will in due course be taken over by the Improvement Trust referred to above by whom repayment of the loan will be completed.\n\n6. Bearing in mind the type of person for whom the flats to be erected under this scheme are intended, it is important that the rents to be charged for the finished flats shall be kept as low as possible. If at the same time the rents of these and other similar flats to be constructed in the future are to be kept at an economic level (i.e. meeting over a specified period of years all charges on the properties) it is essential, so the Governor has stated in his despatch No. 14 of 10th February, 1951, that site formation and development should not be a charge on the properties. It is also important that the rents for different blocks of similar accommodation should be uniform: this would not be possible if site formation and development were to form a charge on the properties without the need for one group of flats carrying part of the over-heads of another, since such charges vary considerably. Although in the present scheme the cost of site formation is relatively low i.e., $216,000 (£13,500) in all, it is not expected that these charges will constitute such a small proportion of the capital outlay in future owing to the extreme shortage of building sites which are inexpensive to develop in localities where housing of this type is most needed.\n\n7. For these reasons the Governor has proposed that by meeting the initial cost of site formation Colonial Development and Welfare money can most conveniently contribute towards setting in motion much larger developments in the field of housing. With Colonial Development and Welfare money so used site formation would not form a charge on the properties and as a result it would be possible to let them at an economic rent. If site formation had to form a charge on the properties\n\n/they", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 599377, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951", "page_number": 34, "title": "CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951", "content_text": "4. The plans allow for one living room, a kitchen, w.c. and small balcony in each flat. This is considered desirable to be the minimum on health and social grounds and is preferred to a cheaper standard of accommodation in the form of barrack accommodation with communal kitchen, bathrooms and w.c.'s on each floor. The plan is designed to allow for maximum through ventilation and is sufficiently strong to withstand typhoon conditions without being extravagant. Sketch plans of the flats and the layout are available at the Colonial Office. The design of the flats has been made by the Acting Chief Architect, Hong Kong Government, assisted by advice from a Committee on which are representatives of the Public Works Department, Medical and Health Services, Labour and Social Welfare Departments, as well as a number of unofficial ladies and gentlemen who include among their number two leading Chinese property owners and R. S. E. Faber, a Consulting Engineer in private practice. The total cost of the group of 190 flats is estimated at $1,132,968, including $120,000 for site formation and 6% of the building costs only for architects' fees. The corresponding figure for the group of 180 flats is $1,076,500 including $96,000 for site formation and the same scale of architect fees. These figures do not include the value of the land which is $293,700 and $207,080 in each case and which it is proposed should be recovered over the duration of the lease in annual instalments with interest.\n\n5. In order to make a start with this scheme at the earliest possible date, it is proposed that the Public Works Department should undertake the site formation, construction of access roads, and installation of water and drainage, and that the sites, when formed, should be handed over to the Hong Kong Housing Society to supervise construction. A memorandum setting out the aims and objects of this Society is attached. If these proposals are approved,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 599382, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951", "page_number": 39, "title": "CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951", "content_text": "- 3 -\n\nto the Society of $2,000,000 approximately, to meet the cost of erection of the flats.\n\n10.\n\n40\n\nI have not attempted at this stage to discuss all the valuable suggestions made in your despatch under reply. You will, however, observe from paragraph (a) of the accompanying memorandum, that the Hong Kong Housing Society, to which I propose to entrust the initial Pilot Scheme, is conscious of the need for proper housing management referred to in paragraph 6 of your despatch, and has already provided for it. With regard to paragraph 8 of your despatch, a barrack type of accommodation with communal kitchens, sanitation and washing facilities has been considered in some detail, but ruled out as socially unacceptable in Hong Kong. I am satisfied that to build accommodation of this kind would be a retrograde step to be avoided even at considerable extra cost. The high incidence of tuberculosis in the Colony is a further argument against this type of construction, and there is the economic consideration that, in the event of a significant drop in the population by emigration, a barrack type of dwelling would rapidly become unlettable.\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nSir,\n\nYour most obedient, humble servant,\n\nMacDougall\n\nGOVERNOR.\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE\n\nJAMES GRIFFITHS, M.P.\n\nEncl: Memorandum", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 599383, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951", "page_number": 40, "title": "CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951", "content_text": "MEMORANDUM\n\n(a) Objects of the scheme and the advantages that are expected to be derived from it.\n\nA large proportion of the population of the Colony lives in conditions of appalling overcrowding and squalor. These conditions are to a large extent caused by the influx of refugees from China.\n\nThe intention is to construct two groups of four blocks of five-storeyed flats, the two groups being located on adjacent pieces of land in the SHEUNG LI UK area of New Kowloon to the south west of the Tai Po Road. The location has been selected largely because it is in close proximity to the large industrial areas of Shamshuipo and Lai Chi Kok, and is therefore conveniently placed for the type of persons whom it is particularly desired to benefit.\n\nThe blocks of flats will contain a varying number of tenements according to their size, and the total number of flats will be 370, of which 190 will be on one site and 180 on the other. Sketch plans of the flats and of the layouts are enclosed as Appendices C and D.\n\nThe total cost of the 190 flats is estimated at $1,132,968, including $120,000 for site formation and 6% of the building costs only for architects' fees. The corresponding figure for the 180 flats is $1,076,500 including $96,000 for site formation and the same scale of architects' fees. These figures do not include the value of the land which is $293,700 and $207,080 in each case and which it is proposed should be recovered over the duration of the lease in annual instalments with interest.\n\nIt will be noted that the plans allow for one living room, a kitchen, w.c. and small balcony in each flat. This is considered to be the minimum possible standard of accommodation on health and social grounds and is preferred to a cheaper form of barrack accommodation with communal kitchen, bathrooms and w.c.'s on each floor. The plan is designed to allow for the maximum through ventilation and is sufficiently strong to withstand typhoon conditions without being extravagant.\n\nIn order to make a start with this scheme at the earliest possible date, it is proposed that the Public Works Department should undertake the site formation, construction of access roads, and installation of water and drainage for which assistance from Colonial Development & Welfare funds is now sought, and that the sites, when formed, should be handed over to the Hong Kong Housing Society. I enclose as Appendix E a memorandum setting out the aims and objects of this Society. If these proposals are approved, the Society will be required to become incorporated and, on formation of an Improvement Trust on the lines indicated in the covering despatch, to merge its functions into those of the Trust and make over the flats to it.\n\nIn view of the magnitude of the housing project now contemplated, it is proposed that the Hong Kong Council of Social Service should be advised to use the grant of £14,000 from the Lord Mayor of London's Empire Air Raid Distress Fund for other purposes, but the services of their trained Housing Manageress, who has since arrived in the Colony, are expected to be of great assistance.\n\nPage 40\n\nPage 41", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-627-3 Housing project- contains drawings 1-2-1951 - 31-10-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 599491, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-627-6 Grants of land 1-1-1951 - 30-11-1951", "page_number": 18, "title": "CO129-627-6 Grants of land 1-1-1951 - 30-11-1951", "content_text": "Sec.TC.1/541/50.\n\nEnclosure A.\n\nTender Notice.\n\nIt is hereby notified that sealed tenders in duplicate which should clearly be marked \"Tenders for the provision of bathing facilities at Repulse Bay, Main Beach\" will be received at the office of the Chairman, Tender Board, Colonial Secretariat until noon on Tuesday, 31st October, 1950.\n\nTenders are invited for the sole concession of leasing Crown Land for providing bathing facilities and associated beach services on a portion of Repulse Bay, Main Beach, for a period of 25 years on payment of an annual Crown Rent, the tenderer to be bound to expend not less than $500,000 on the provision of facilities on a scale and within the periods of time to be set out in a Schedule and attached to the Tender.\n\nThe successful tenderer will be required to enter into an agreement in a form to be approved by Government to erect and to maintain in good repair at his own expense pavilions and such other buildings as may be approved, on portions of the beach, adjoining the Beach Road to be granted to him by Crown Lease. Plans showing the area in question and detailed plans of a Government scheme for development of the area may be seen in the office of Secretary, Urban Council. Tenderers who do not propose to adopt the prepared scheme must submit sketch plans and line drawings with their tenders, and must indicate clearly the portions of the beach or adjoining land which they will require to be included in the Lease.\n\nThe accommodation to be provided for the public may be of varying grades but it is essential that ample provision be made for persons who only require changing facilities, locker accommodation for clothes, the use of communal showers, etc., charges for which must not exceed $1.00 per person inclusive. The tenderers shall indicate in a Schedule submitted with the tender the accommodation and facilities proposed to be provided and the charges proposed to be made therefor.\n\nTenderers must attach to each tender a Deposit Receipt showing that they have deposited at the Treasury, Prince's Building, the sum of $1,000 as a pledge of the bona fides of their tenders which sum will be forfeited to the Crown if the successful tenderer fails, or refuses to implement his tender. The deposits will be returned to unsuccessful tenderers.\n\nThe successful tenderer will be required to enter into a written Lease Agreement in a form approved by Government and also to deposit with the Treasury a sum of $50,000 or provide satisfactory security for the due fulfilment of the contract, such deposit or security to be released and refunded on the completion of the buildings and other structures and the carrying out in other respects of the works specified in these conditions and which may be set up in the accepted tender, but to be liable to forfeiture in the event of the failure to execute such buildings and works in accordance with the terms of the tender.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-627-6 Grants of land 1-1-1951 - 30-11-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 599493, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-627-6 Grants of land 1-1-1951 - 30-11-1951", "page_number": 20, "title": "CO129-627-6 Grants of land 1-1-1951 - 30-11-1951", "content_text": "Sec. 1/541/50.\n\n20\n\nEnclosure B.\n\n1. Conditions of Tender\n\nThe tenderer should clearly understand that the primary object of this concession is the provision of bathing facilities for the general public at reasonable rates.\n\n2. Accordingly tenderers submitting their own schemes must provide communal changing facilities with locker accommodation for clothes and the use of communal showers for not less than 550 persons of each sex. A maximum charge of $1.00 per person per day will be allowed for the use of this accommodation.\n\n3. Tenderers submitting such schemes must also make provision for a room for use as a first aid post. The stocks and staff for this post will be arranged by the Chairman, Urban Council.\n\n4. Accommodation for persons requiring private cubicles or cabins may be of various grades and charges may vary accordingly. Details of such must be submitted with the Form of Tender.\n\n5. In private schemes full details must be attached to the tender regarding the area or areas of land required to be leased, the type of structure or structures it is proposed to erect, the type of accommodation to be provided, the number of persons to be accommodated and the proposed scale of charges.\n\n6. The height of buildings shall be approved by the Building Authority but no portion of any building shall exceed 35 feet in height.\n\n7. The successful tenderer must submit the usual plans for buildings and other works for the approval of the Building Authority.\n\n8. Adequate and proper lavatory accommodation must be provided to the satisfaction of the Urban Council. All water-closets must be at the west end of the site to enable gravity sewer connections to be provided (at tenderer's cost) to the Government septic tanks. Buildings which cannot be connected to this sewer shall be provided, if necessary, with soakaway pits of an approved type for non-sewage effluents.\n\n9. Mains water will, at the expense of the tenderer, be available for potable purposes and W.C.s only. Water for shower and other purposes will have to be obtained from other sources by the tenderer, at his own expense.\n\n10. The successful tenderer will be required to construct and maintain areas of hard standing of tar macadam or concrete not less than 4\" thick for use as car parks. A maximum parking fee of $1.00 per day or portion of a day for the use of a car park may be charged. The area to be provided for this purpose must not, unless otherwise approved, be less than 2,200 sq. yds.\n\n11. The successful tenderer must, at points to be approved by the Chairman, Urban Council, allow free and uninterrupted access to the beach from the main road and from the car parks for the general public.\n\nPage 20\n\nPage 21", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-627-6 Grants of land 1-1-1951 - 30-11-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 599494, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-627-6 Grants of land 1-1-1951 - 30-11-1951", "page_number": 21, "title": "CO129-627-6 Grants of land 1-1-1951 - 30-11-1951", "content_text": "12. The facilities to be provided and maintained shall include not less than two bathing rafts of approved size and design which shall be located in approved positions.\n\n13. Restaurants, cafes or bars may be included, but these will be subject to licensing by the appropriate Authority.\n\n14. All staff employed on the beaches, in the restaurants, cafes or bars and in the changing rooms or otherwise in or about any part of the leased premises shall wear uniforms and carry identification numbers whilst on duty.\n\n15. The Lease Agreement to be signed by the successful tenderer shall contain the usual Crown Lease clauses and conditions and in particular shall contain conditions binding the lessee\n\n(a) to maintain all buildings, fixtures, etc. in proper repair and condition throughout the Lease and not to carry out alterations or extensions thereto without previous consent,\n\n(b) to keep the leased areas at all times in a clean and tidy condition,\n\n(c) to maintain good order and proper behaviour on the part of all persons using the facilities provided,\n\n(d) not to erect or display advertisements of any description on any part of the leased area except with express consent,\n\n(e) not to assign, mortgage, charge, sublet or otherwise alienate or part with the possession of the leased land or any part thereof or any building or part of any building thereon nor enter into any agreement so to do except with the prior consent in writing of Government,\n\n(f) at all times to observe and conform to the requirements of the Urban Council as to all matters relating to health, cleanliness and good order, and with the Rules and Regulations from time to time in force relating to bathing beaches,\n\n(g) not to use or permit the use of any building or other structure on the leased area or any part of such building or structure as living or residential accommodation except living quarters for a resident manager and for a fixed number of care-takers as may be approved by Government,\n\nand shall provide for re-entry by the Government and termination of the Agreement in the event of any breach, non-observance or non-performance of any of the terms thereof without payment of any compensation whatsoever, the deposit of $50,000 (if not then already refunded) being also forfeited and retained.\n\n16. It is particularly desired to provide communal accommodation as early as possible. Tenderers must therefore state, in a schedule to be attached to the Form of Tender, the earliest date on which this portion of the scheme will be completed. A completion date for the remainder of the scheme must also be given and the successful tenderer will be bound by these dates.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-627-6 Grants of land 1-1-1951 - 30-11-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]