[ { "id": 226483, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-023 - Sir John Davis - 1848 [1-3]", "page_number": 193, "title": "CO129-023 - Sir John Davis - 1848 [1-3]", "content_text": "Committee of the House of Commons on China Affairs in June last, that the jurisdiction of the Consuls over Civil Suits should be extended beyond $500, by regular ordinance. N.S. of 1847, which enacts that the Consuls with certain assessors shall have jurisdiction over all Civil Suits whatever, subject to an appeal to Supreme Court of Hong Kong, with the further appeal to the Privy Council in all cases above £500.\n\nThe population return for 1847 is beyond the amount of any former year, being 23,872, exclusive of Troops. At the same time that the number of the Chinese has increased, their respectability and fixedness of residence have advanced, as proved by the number of dwellings, and the increased number especially of the outstation of Aberdeen.\n\nThe road completed round the island renders them independent of water carriage, by which they were formerly exposed to robbery and piracy. Something must also be attributed to the working of the improved Registry Ordinance, under which only householders are registered (instead of individuals) and made directly responsible for their inmates.\n\nAn increase of population simultaneously with a diminution of crime, must be considered as a favourable indication.\n\nClimate. The decidedly favourable early panic in regard to the Climate of Hong Kong, which was spread in 1843, is assignable to causes sufficiently plain. On the termination of the war, large numbers of troops were landed, labouring under disease, and placed unprovided with quarters. Under these circumstances, intemperance had also its share in aggravating the evil; which seems to be proved by the remarkable fact that the prisoners on gaol ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-023 - Sir John Davis - 1848 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 226492, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-023 - Sir John Davis - 1848 [1-3]", "page_number": 202, "title": "CO129-023 - Sir John Davis - 1848 [1-3]", "content_text": "deducted from the total charge for the year, leaves 35,790l. for the fixed expenditure, being only 4,712l. beyond the revenue.\n\nThe shipping return for 1847 amounts to 229,465 tons for European vessels, and for Chinese junks 840,990 piculs. The statement appended to this statement of the sugar trade, lately established, is of itself sufficiently satisfactory.\n\nI have anticipated the recommendation of the Committee, that the jurisdiction of the Consuls over civil suits should be extended beyond 500 dollars, by Consular Ordinance No. 3 of 1847, which enacts that the Consuls, with certain assessors, shall have jurisdiction over all civil suits whatever, subject to an appeal to the Supreme Court of Hong Kong, with the further appeal to the Privy Council in all cases above 500l.\n\nI have likewise added to the efficacy of the criminal jurisdiction of the Consuls, by adopting, in Consular Ordinance No. 2 of 1847, the provisions of an order by Her Majesty in Council for the government of British subjects in the Levant.\n\nPage 198\n\nInclosure 2.\n\nRETURN of Ships arrived in Hong Kong during 1847.\n\n \n \n Great Britain.\n British Colonies.\n United States.\n Foreign States.\n Total.\n \n \n \n No. Tons.\n No. Tons.\n No. Tons.\n No. Tons.\n No. Tons.\n \n \n With merchandize and general cargoes\n \n \n 42 16,283\n 11 4,890\n \n \n \n With coals\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n From Sydney, Hobart Town, and Swan River, with coals, sandal-wood, flour, timber, general cargoes, and in ballast\n \n 33 10,364\n \n \n \n \n \n From India, with cotton, opium, general cargoes, troops, and Government stores, and 13 steamers\n 114 66,329\n \n \n \n 168,175\n \n \n From Boston and New York, with general cargoes, spurs, and ice\n \n \n \n 53 21,173\n \n \n \n From South America, Manila, Batavia, Bally, and South Sea Islands, with copper ore, rice, rattans, sandal-wood, sundries, and in ballast\n \n \n \n 3\n \n \n \n From East Coast of China, with teas, silks, specie, salt, alum, sundries, and return opium vessels in ballast\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n From Canton River, C. Moon, with silks, teas, sugar, opium, sundries, and in ballast\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\nInclosure 3.\n\nIMPORTS into Hong Kong in Chinese vessels.\n\n \n Description\n 1846\n 1847\n \n \n \n Number of piculs\n Value per picul\n Total sterling\n Number of piculs\n Value per picul\n Total sterling\n \n \n Sugar\n 26,000\n 0 17 0\n \n 231,000\n 0 17 0\n £196,350\n \n \n Alum\n 3,000\n 0 6 0\n 900\n 7,000\n 0 6 0\n 2,100\n \n \n Sulphur\n 500\n 0 8 0\n \n 200\n \n \n \n \n Rice\n 214,200\n 0 4 2\n £64,350\n 235,000\n 0 13 0\n 152,750\n \n \n Nut Oil\n 139,230\n 1 2 0\n \n 110,000\n 1 2 0\n 121,000\n \n \n Salt\n 642,700\n \n 309,000\n 840,990\n 0 8 0\n 320\n 2 0\n 20,719\n \n \n \n \n \n £325,780\n \n \n £493,239\n \n\nVictoria, Hong Kong, January 21, 1848.\n\n(Signed)\n\nJOSE M. MARQUES,\n\nActing Registrar-General.\n\nInclosure 4.\n\nEXPORT of Sugar from Hong Kong during 1847.\n\n \n \n No. of Vessels\n Piculs\n Estimated Value\n \n \n To Great Britain\n \n 25,325\n at 16s. 6d. per picul\n £20,893\n \n \n To India\n 15\n 44,946\n at 16s. 6d. per picul\n £37,076\n \n \n New South Wales\n 14\n 57,706\n \n \n \n \n \n Tubs, 20,626\n at 20s. per tub\n \n £20,626\n \n \n \n (Piculs, 74,753\n at 14s. per picul\n \n £52,660\n \n \n To Shanghae\n 5\n Tubs, 332\n at 20s. per tub\n £332\n \n \n \n \n Piculs, 16,446\n at 16s. 6d. per picul\n £13,568\n \n \n \n \n \n \n £144,827\n \n\nHarbour-Master's Office, Victoria, Hong Kong, January 21, 1848.\n\n(Signed) WILLIAM PEDDER, Harbour-Master.\n\nHarbour Master's Office,\n\nVictoria, Hong Kong, January 21, 1847.\n\n(Signed)\n\nWILLIAM PEDDER,\n\nHarbour-Master.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-023 - Sir John Davis - 1848 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 226709, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-024 - Bonham - 1848 [3-6]", "page_number": 124, "title": "CO129-024 - Bonham - 1848 [3-6]", "content_text": "Consular Ordinance N° 3 of 1847, which enacts that the Consuls with certain Assessors over all Civil suits shall have jurisdiction whatever, subject to an appeal to the Supreme Court of Hongkong, with the further appeal to the Privy Council, in all cases above £500.\n\nI have likewise added to the efficacy of the Criminal jurisdiction of the Consuls, by adopting in Consular Ordinance Nr. 2 of 1847, the provisions of an order by Her Majesty in Council, for the Government of British Subjects in the Levant.\n\nI am not in the least surprised at the Committee having been misled as to the real state of things at Hongkong, when I examine the nature of some of the evidence, which they had no opportunity of correcting, by evidence on the other side, from Government Officers lately arrived from Victoria.\n\nThe most remarkable cases of mis-statement will now be noticed.\n\n122 Mr. R. M. Martin having in 1844 hazarded some crude opinions regarding the settlement, thinks it necessary to maintain them still. He states that the total expenditure on account of Hongkong for one year was £500,000. I have just shown that the Civil Expenditure for 1847 was £50,959, and the Revenue £31,078, leaving only £19,881 chargeable to the Home Treasury. I will let him make out the rest of the half million himself.\n\nIn drawing a distinction between the use of spirits and the use of opium, Mr. Martin states that spirits are not deleterious; \"spirits contain the element of life; opium does not contain those elements.\" What that element or those elements of life may be, forming a component part of spirits, Mr. Martin did not inform the committee. I must state that the Emperor never appended the answer attributed to him by Mr. Martin, to any Paper.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-024 - Bonham - 1848 [3-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 231370, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-036 - Sir Bonham - 1851 [1-5]", "page_number": 155, "title": "CO129-036 - Sir Bonham - 1851 [1-5]", "content_text": "thats \n\nзрив Мов зорат \n\nendlearn \n\nto carry into effect the \n\nrecommendation of the \n\nCommitte \n\nthe House of \n\nCommepes have zest beans \n\nattlefited with till success. \n\nHe \n\nCORRESPONDENCE \nBETWEEN \nIn 5533/51 \n\nJINE20 4851 \n\n150 \n\nTHE GOVERNOR AND JUSTICES OF THE \nPEACE OF HONGKONG ABOUT POLICE AND MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS. \nJanuary-March, 1851. \n\nCOLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE. \n\nby a Memorandum of the amount of Taxes levied for VICTORIA, HONGKONG, 10th January, 1851. the support of the Police during that period. By this GENTLEMEN,With reference to the proposal you will perceive that the Expenditure exceeded the made some months ago that the Police Force of this receipt by £1,051.19.21. Should, therefore, the amount of the tax fall short of the sum expended, the Colony should be placed under the control of a Municipal Committee in a mode similar to that deficiency, not exceeding the above sum of £1,051. obtaining in Boroughs in England, I am instructed 19.21, will be made good from the Colonial Treasury to inform you that the subject having been recently during the next two years, by which time experience will shew if any, and what further arrangements again under the consideration of the Governor, His \n\nshould be made. Excellency has come to the conclusion that the time \n\nhas arrived when your suggestions may be tried this proposal, His Excellency will feel obliged by 3d. Should you determine, therefore, to accept with a fair prospect of success. His Excellency has, therefore, determined to offer the entire control and your sending to him at as early a period as possible management of the Police Force to yourselves, as a \n\nthe Draft of such an Ordinance as may in your body best representing the interests of the Com-judgment meet the requirements of the case, as it munity, subject only to the exception that the Super of 1845, under which the Police Tax is now col- will of course be necessary to repeal Ordinance No. 2 intendent of Police and the Assistant Superintendent, who were appointed directly or indirectly by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, be not removed or suspended from their offices without the sanction of the Governor of this Colony; and, doubtless, before their offices become vacant, arrangements may be made to secure to yourselves the appointment of \n\ntheir Successors, until which time their Salaries will be paid from the Colonial Treasury. \n\n2d.-I enclose a Schedule of the Expenses of the Police Force for the past Year, 1850, accompanied \n\n* Memorandum of Expenses of Police Force during 1850 (exclusive of Police Force stationed at the Gaols, -Gaol Guard, and Naval Stores.) \n\n£\ns\nd\n\n2 Deputy Inspectors,\n174\n9\n0\n\n2 Police Sergeants, Europeans,\n95\n5\n0\n\n1 Acting Do.\n\n18 Constables Do.\n123\n18\n0\n\n1 Do. acting also as Clerk extra,\n\n1 Sergeant, Indian,\n20\n0\n0\n\n13 Constables Do. I class,\n49\n6\n3\n\n71 Do. Do. II do.,\n250\n17\n6\n\n1 Sergeant, Chinese,\n\n3 Acting do, do,\n42\n10\n0\n\n4 Acting Do. Do.,...\n\n4 Coolies for Station, Horses, &c.,\n\nSalaries.......\n21\n19\n11\n\nRent for Police Station Victoria,\n329\n0\n0\n\nCentral,£208 6 Roat for Police Station at Show-kewau,....\n93\n1\n3\n\nlice Force in lieu of rations,\n298\n0\n3\n\n£156 9 8\n\n15 0 0\n\n223\n\nCompensation to European Police,\n\nClothing and Accoutrements,.......\n73\n6\n11\n\nRepair of Boats,\n10\n6\n2\n\nShoeing Horses,\n15\n0\n0\n\nForage,\n40\n10\n10\n\nOil and Candles for lamps and lanterns,....\n64\n15\n9\n\n33\n5\n3\n\nIncidental Expenses,\n\n984\n6\n6\n\n393\n14\n7\n\nTotal Payments made during 1850€\nStg.\n3371\n10 10\n\nDue for Materials for clothing received from England.\n\n185\n0 0\n\nTotal charge for 1850......\n£Stg.\n3656\n10 10\n\nPolice Rates collected during 1850-\n\nActual Collections,\n£2811\n11\n3\n\nDeduct charges-\n\n5 per cent to Assessors and Collectors,\n140\n11\n6\n\nWages to Shroff and Sub-collector,......\n\nStationery,\n115\n0\n0\n\nPrinting Chinese Forms,\n10\n1\n24\n\nPublishing annual Collections,\n3\n\n6\n\nIncidental expenses incurred in collecting Rates at the Villages,\n37\n\n194\n\n350\n\n307\n0\n7\n\nRemain Nett Proceeds of Rates.\n£2504\n10\n74\n\nThe Police cost more than is the\nStg.\n1051\n19 21\n\nproduce of the Rates by.......\n\n8th January 1851. \n\n(True Copy) \n\nA. R. JOHNSTON. For the Colonial Secretary \n\nR. RIEN AECKER. Acting Colonial Treasurer, \n\n6th.-Trusting that this proposal will meet with your approval, and may result in the permanent improvement of the Police of the Colony, I have the honour to be, Gentlemen, your most obedient humble servant, \n\nA. R. JOHNSTON, for the Colonial Secretary. \n\nTo Her Majesty's JUSTICES OF THE PEACE \n\nfor Hongkong. \n\nHONGKONG, 31st January, 1851. \n\nTo the Honourable Major CAINE, \n\nColonial Secretary, Hongkong. SIR, We have had the honour of receiving a letter dated 10th instant, signed your behalf by Mr Johnston, and addressed to the Justices of the Peace of Hongkong by desire of His Excellency the Governor, \n\nIt conveyed to us an offer on the part of His Excellency to give us the entire control and management of the Police Force of the City of Victoria, subject to one or two exceptions. \n\nIn order to meet the necessary expense, His Excellency is willing to assign over to us the Revenue raised from the Police Rates, amounting last year to £2811, and further to place at our disposal for two years the sum annually of £1051,19,2į, being the difference between the amount now expended for the support of the Police Force, and the taxes levied for that purpose, \n\nHaving given every consideration to the proposal that has been made, we would now beg to offer a few remarks. \n\nSince 1848, both the strength and the pay of the Police have been considerably reduced. In 1848, the amount expended on the Police was £2138; in 1850 only £1028,-less than one-half; and we presume that no further reduction would be practicable. In our opinion however the present Police Force is most inefficient, and to establish one of a different character, a greater outlay of money would be required than His Excellency seems disposed to give. Moreover, it is more than probable that the amount at present raised from Police Rates, will, from various causes, in future fall considerably short of what it \n\nnow is. \n\nUnder these circumstances, it would be necessary to assess the community to a greater extent than at present; and in our opinion, such a measure would not only be inexpedient, but lead to general dissatisfaction. \n\nWe are under the necessity therefore of respectfully declining the offer on the terms that His Excellency has proposed. \n\nHis Excellency informs us that the general Revenue of the Colony had been found insufficient for the due construction and repairs of the necessary Roads and Sewers in this City, and forwards us the Draft of an Ordinance, drawn up under the direction of the late Governor Sir John Davis, providing for the necessary expenses of these, by an assessed tax on Real Property. His Excellency suggests the propriety of our considering whether it might not now be advisable to adopt some of the provisions of said Ordinance, substituting a tax upon Horses and Carriages, and upon Chairs, instead of, as intended, upon Real Property. We gather from the tenor of His Excellency's remarks, that in the event of such assessment being made, the management of the Streets, Roads, and Sewers of the City would also be confided to the Justices, or to such body as may afterwards be constituted. \n\nWe have only to repeat, that we cannot recommend further taxation of any kind, unless as a substitute for some present tax of a more objectionable nature. We would beg to remind His Excellency, that during the last 6 or 7 years, various Memorials have been addressed by this Community both to the Government of this Colony and to the Government at home, complaining of heavy and inequitable taxation, and although remonstrances on this subject have latterly been less frequent, it would be erroneous, in our opinion, to suppose that the burden was felt less heavily, and that the present state and prospects of the Colony would warrant the imposition of further taxes. From His Excellency's own remarks on this subject, we are glad to remark that his opinion in this respect coincides with ours. \n\nOn previous occasions the Community expressed the desire to have some control of Municipal matters and of the affairs of the Colony in general, and we should regret, should His Excellency, from what has been stated, suppose that we are now willing to assume the duties belonging to a Municipal Body. \n\nWe are prepared on our own behalf, and we think we may venture to add, in behalf of the Rate-payers in general, to accept His Excellency's offer of the control and management of the Police, which we presume includes also that of this Harbour, provided a sufficient sum is placed by Government at our disposal; and we consider that one of the first charges upon the large revenue derived from the Inhabitants of this place, should be, the sum required for the", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-036 - Sir Bonham - 1851 [1-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 236849, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-051 - Sir Bowring - 1855 [7-9]", "page_number": 330, "title": "CO129-051 - Sir Bowring - 1855 [7-9]", "content_text": "42\n\n£12,810 is for Public Works and Education. The principal variations in the Estimates for 1855 and 1856 are:\n\nIncrease\n\nUnder Roads, Streets, and Bridges £7650.\n\nWorks and Buildings.\n\nEducation.\n\n£4500.\n\nColonial Secretary's Department\n\nAuditors.\n\nSurveyor General's-Registrar General's.\n\nHarbor Master\n\nPolice Rate Assessors.\n\n£230\n\n£160.\n\n£19\n\n£50\n\n£22/\n\nPolice and Gaol\n\nLess reductions under Governor, Judicial, Hospital\n\n£27.£10\n£62.10£45.-\nConveyance of Mail£174. 8. 14\n£2\n£13,582.£309.8.4\n\nNet Increase of Estimate for 1856 - £13,272.11.8\n\n71. The principal cause of the large increase under Roads, etc., is the projected New Road from Victoria to Stanley on the South side of the Island, which it is thought will prove a most desirable resort during the best months.\n\n325\n\n72. The thorough repair of the road round the Island has been recommended by a Committee lately appointed by His Excellency, the Governor, and for which sum of £500 has been included in the Estimate.\n\n73. I think it must be agreed that the Roads have been so much neglected, as also that they have not been constructed so as to admit of their being used for carriages, particularly the Road from West Point to Aberdeen.\n\n74. The other principal item under Roads is £1000 on account of formation of New Streets and Drains in localities lately opened by the Sale of Land, and for which necessary purpose other sums will yet be required; the money laid out for that purpose will soon repay itself with good interest, and more substantially.\n\nPage 330\n\nPage 331", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-051 - Sir Bowring - 1855 [7-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 238092, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-054 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [1-2]", "page_number": 271, "title": "CO129-054 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [1-2]", "content_text": "266\n\nrecorded by Governor Macalester and Mr. Phillips, member of the Executive Government, and Collector of Customs and Land Revenue, the Court of Directors ordered the abolition of it on 14 May 1810.\n\nTo stood the matter till 21st December 1814, when beloved Bannerman, then Governor, endeavoured to restore the Licensing system, and applied to various persons for their opinions ... These given, a body of Regulations was drawn up and submitted to the Committee of Assessors, who approved the project on the 18th March 1818.\n\nIn 3rd April 1818 the Court of Directors was again addressed by the Governor and Council, and the re-establishment of the Licensing System strongly urged.\n\nA considerable time elapsed before the final reply was received, but on the 23rd January 1822 it was written, and proved in substance unfavorable. Once more, on 25th December 1822, the question was resumed by Governor Fullerton in a Minute advocating the Licenses. He was supported by Mr. Blubley, Member of Council, and the minute of these two gentlemen, with a Draft of Licensing Farm Regulations were sent by the Governor and Council to the Court of Directors in a letter dated 2nd June 1825.\n\nA reply was received on the 18th May 1826 from the Court calling for further information, and the subject intimating that it was to be regarded as under ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-054 - Sir Bowring - 1856 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 258479, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-097 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1864 [1-2] & Sir Robinson - 1864 [1-3]", "page_number": 15, "title": "CO129-097 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1864 [1-2] & Sir Robinson - 1864 [1-3]", "content_text": "HONGKONG GENERAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, VICTORIA, 3d August, 1863.\n\n4. Mackenzie Esq., Chairman of the Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce, to Monsieur le Baron de Meritens, Commissioner of Customs, Foochow\n\n...\n\nall ranks, who with equal care are kept in the background, are superior to all the temptations of self-interest to which, in their anomalous position, they might not unnaturally be thought to be exposed.\n\n4. The Committee would not, however, have troubled Your Lordship with any remarks on the charges of systematic evasion of Duties at the Treaty Ports, so persistently brought by Mr. Lay against the Foreign Merchants of China as a class, but for their adoption by one of Her Majesty's Secretaries of State for Foreign Affairs. The Committee believe that the improbable assertion, that the men by whom the enormous foreign trade of China is conducted are, as a body, incorrigible smugglers, might safely be left to the corrective influence of time, and to the common sense of the European public; and that the several firms implicated in Mr. Lay's list of special cases, would generally have no difficulty in showing how large a superstructure his zeal has raised on, in most cases, very slender foundations.\n\nThe report, however, in the Times of the 7th July, of the speech delivered by Mr. Layard on the previous evening, during the debate in the House of Commons on our representations relative to the Formosa trade made in my letter of 3d July.\n\nThe Committee observe that you still retain the sum of Tls. 10,000, as the amount of cash deposit in cases where the Custom-house authorities, in the exercise of their reserved right, may decline the alternative of a ship-owner's Bond.\n\nThe Committee still incline to the opinion, that in practice, this sum will be found too large, as deterring many owners of coasting craft from taking advantage of the conceded facility of trading at the two non-treaty ports, now open to trade, and the question presses itself on their attention all the more, that it escaped them in my last communication to ascertain from you whether it was proposed to require from ship-owners or Agents a separate bond or deposit, for each vessel employed in the trade by the same Owners or Agents, or whether a single bond or deposit would cover all vessels bona-fide so owned or represented.\n\nIt will be obvious to you that on your decision will, in a great measure, depend the success or otherwise of the scheme; and the Committee feel so much anxiety to see every fair chance given to a system that must have important developments, if thoroughly considered and adapted to the interests of both trade and revenue in its commencement, that they bespeak your earnest attention to the point now brought to your notice, and the questions arising under it.\n\nThe Committee, looking to a further extension of the liberal policy thus initiated by you, will feel much indebted by an early intimation of any intention to place other ports, whether of the mainland or otherwise, on the footing of those now opened in Formosa.\n\nI have the honor to be, &c.\n\nThe Right Honourable\n\nEARL RUSSELL, K.G.,\n\nHer Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs,\n\nLondon\n\nMY LORD,\n\nHONGKONG GENERAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, VICTORIA, 22nd October, 1863.\n\n1. No reply has yet been received to the letter of 26th August 1861, addressed to your Lordship on behalf of this Chamber by its then Chairman, Mr. Perceval; but the importance to the Commercial Community in this Country of the action of Her Majesty's Government in their relations with that of China—and the publication of the \"Further Papers relating to the Rebellion in China presented to both Houses of Parliament,\" early in the present year, induce the Committee of the Chamber once more to address your Lordship: and, while they will trespass as shortly as possible on your time, they indulge in the hope that other, and more important, avocations may not prevent your Lordship from giving some attention to the statements now submitted to your consideration.\n\n2. In the Blue Book above referred to, among much matter of deep interest to the Foreign Commercial Community in China, appears a \"Memorandum by Mr. Lay, Chinese Inspector of Customs, on the complaints of the Hongkong and Shanghai Chambers of Commerce\" submitted by him to Your Lordship and dated January 11th, 1862.\n\n3. The personal rancour against the Commercial Body generally, displayed in this document, is so remarkable as to lead irresistibly to the conviction that it was never meant by its Author for the public eye—and it seems to have escaped Mr. Lay, that his evidence, (in addition to its many other weak points) is that of a partisan witness, deeply interested in the permanence of the service with which he has identified himself; and no less so, it would seem, in the endeavour to prove that all the Members of it, from the gentlemen whose names he somewhat unnecessarily parades, and on whose official or private integrity no attack has been made, down to the numerous and motley subordinates.\n\n4. The Committee think it incumbent on them to give, on behalf of the Foreign Merchants, an emphatic denial of the correctness of the statement, \"that up to the present time, they had always been attempting to evade the payment of any Duty; that they had recourse to all manner of fraud and deception\"—and earnestly to deprecate the assumption, that more or less runs through the whole of that Honorable Gentleman's address, that there is a spirit of resistance to the Foreign Customs, and of opposition to Sir Frederick Bruce, on the part of the great bulk of Her Majesty's subjects, that greatly increases the difficulties of the British Minister's position.\n\n5. As a body, Merchants are not averse to moderate duties, when their assessment and collection press equally on all—and could an effective chain of Custom-houses, under one system of management, be established, all along the coast of China, its introduction would meet with general approval as tending greatly to the security and development of trade. To put the question of smuggling on its lowest ground, it does not in the long run pay: and Lord Elgin has well stated the case in his letter to Mr. Layard of February 8th, 1862, when he says \"the more I examined into the matter, the more satisfied I became that, when duties are as moderate as they are in China, smuggling is a great moral evil, qualified by very little of Commercial advantage, and that the general interests of trade do not suffer by their being regularly levied, although a looser system may sometimes swell the gains of individuals.\"\n\n6. The Committee have no wish to weary Your Lordship by a refutation in detail of the various inaccuracies of statement in the Memorandum under review; but a slight reference to one or two of them will sufficiently show the disingenuous spirit in which that memorandum was framed. In Section 10—\"on the Personnel of Customs Establishment\" Mr. Lay gives a list of the foreign gentlemen, respectively at the head of the department in each port, as a sufficient reply to the assertion of this Chamber, that \"lawless foreigners\" were taken into the service—while the context of the paragraph clearly shows, that the reference was to the foreigners forming the crews of the revenue cruisers employed in Canton Waters.\n\n7. It would be easy to extract from the Memorandum numerous instances of insidious attack, such as the vague and unsupported assertion in Section 16, that \"the Foreign Merchant at Canton does not usually smuggle himself; he employs the Agency of the Cantonese, who are much more daring than the Northern Chinese\"—and of strange inaccuracy on points with which Mr. Lay might be supposed to be familiar, as for instance in his argument, (section 18,) that it would be hardly fair to expect the Chinese Government to submit its right to fines &c., \"to the judicial discussion and decision of any foreign court; still less that it would allow Merchants, who are themselves daily endeavouring to evade the Chinese revenue laws, to have any voice in such decision, as the Assessors of their Consul,\" the fact being, that under the Order in Council of June 18th 1853, \"any charge against a British subject for a breach of treaties, or for a breach of the rules and regulations for the observance of such treaties, shall be heard and determined by the Chief Superintendent or Consul without Assessors.\"\n\n8. The Committee will not, however, dwell longer on this ill-judged Memorandum, but proceed to state the real grievances complained of by Merchants.\n\n9. These are—\n\nI. The independent and irresponsible right of confiscation of ships and cargoes, for breaches of Treaty Regulations, claimed and exercised by the Foreign Customs Department; and the almost invariable exaction of the highest penalty, without reference to the existence of Mitigating circumstances in the offence,\n\nPage 93", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-097 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1864 [1-2] & Sir Robinson - 1864 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 263437, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-108 - Public Offices - 1865", "page_number": 140, "title": "CO129-108 - Public Offices - 1865", "content_text": "# \n## XIX.-GENERAL PROVISIONS\n\n281 \n\nor upwards, any party aggrieved by the decree or order may within fifteen days after the same is made, apply by motion to the Supreme Court for leave to appeal to Her Majesty in Council.\n\n132. If leave to appeal is applied for by a party adjudged to pay money or perform a duty, the Supreme Court shall direct either that the decree or order appealed from be carried into execution, or that the execution thereof be suspended, pending the appeal, as the Court considers to be in accordance with substantial justice.\n\n133. If the Court directs the decree or order to be carried into execution, the party in whose favour it is made shall, before the execution of it, give security to the satisfaction of the Court for the due performance of such order as Her Majesty in Council may think fit to make.\n\n134. If the Court directs the execution of the decree or order to be suspended pending the appeal, the party against whom the decree is made shall, before any order for suspension of execution, give security to the satisfaction of the Court for the due performance of such order as Her Majesty in Council may think fit to make.\n\n135. In all cases security shall also be given by the appellant to the satisfaction of the Court to an amount not exceeding 2,500 dollars for the prosecution of the appeal, and for payment of all such costs as may be awarded to any respondent by Her Majesty in Council, or by the Lords of the Judicial Committee of Her Majesty's Privy Council.\n\n136. If the last-mentioned security is given within one month from the filing of the motion-paper for leave to appeal, then, and not otherwise, the Supreme Court shall give leave to appeal.\n\n137. In any case other than the cases herein-before described, the Supreme Court may give leave to appeal on the terms and in the manner aforesaid if it considers it just or expedient to do so.\n\n138. In every case where leave to appeal is given as aforesaid, the appellant shall be at liberty to prefer and prosecute his appeal to Her Majesty in Council according to the rules for the time being in force respecting appeals to Her Majesty in Council from Her Colonies, or such other rules as Her Majesty in Council from time to time thinks fit to make concerning appeals from the Supreme Court.\n\n139. Nothing in this Order shall affect the right of Her Majesty at any time, on the humble petition of a party aggrieved by a decision of the Supreme Court in a civil case, to admit his appeal thereon on such terms and in such manner as Her Majesty in Council may think fit, and to deal with the decision appealed from in such manner as may be just.\n\n140. Where any judgment, order, or sentence of the Supreme Court is given, made, or passed in the exercise of either original or appellate criminal jurisdiction, the party charged with the crime or offence, if he considers the judgment, order, or sentence to be erroneous in point of law, may appeal therefrom to Her Majesty in Council, provided that the Supreme Court declares the case to be a fit one for such appeal and that the appellant complies with such conditions as the Supreme Court establishes or requires, subject always to such rules as from time to time Her Majesty in Council thinks fit to make in that behalf.\n\n## XIX.-GENERAL PROVISIONS\n\n141. Nothing in this Order shall be deemed to affect Her Majesty's prerogative of pardon.\n\n142. Except as in this Order expressly provided, nothing in this Order shall preclude any of Her Majesty's Consular Officers in China or in Japan from performing any act not of a judicial character, that Her Majesty's Consular Officers there might by law, or by virtue of usage or sufferance, or otherwise, have performed if this Order had not been made.\n\n143. Every one of Her Majesty's Consular Officers shall, as far as there is proper opportunity, promote reconciliation and encourage and facilitate the settlement in an amicable way, and without recourse to litigation, of matters in difference between British subjects in China or in Japan.\n\n144. Every signature or seal affixed to any instrument purporting to be the signature of the Judge of the Supreme Court, or of any officer or person acting under this Order, or to be the seal of any of Her Majesty's Courts in China or in Japan, shall, for all purposes under this Order, without any proof thereof, be presumed to be genuine, and shall be taken as genuine until the contrary is proved.\n\n145. In every case, civil or criminal, heard in any Court, proper minutes of the proceedings shall be drawn up, and shall be signed by the Judge or Officer before whom the proceedings are taken, and sealed with the seal of the Court, and shall, where Assessors are present, be open for their inspection and for their signature if concurred in by them.\n\nC 2 Treasury", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-108 - Public Offices - 1865.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 263823, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-109 - Public Offices - 1865", "page_number": 97, "title": "CO129-109 - Public Offices - 1865", "content_text": "## Execution or Suspension \n\n### Security on Execution \n### Security on Suspension \n### Security on Appeal \n### Leave to Appeal \n### Leave in Other Cases \n### Liberty to Appeal Accordingly \n### Saving for Appeal \n\n34 \n\nOr upwards, any party aggrieved by the decree or order may within fifteen days after the same is made, apply by motion to the Supreme Court for leave to appeal to Her Majesty in Council.\n\n132. If leave to appeal is applied for by a party adjudged to pay money or perform a duty, the Supreme Court shall direct either that the decree or order appealed from be carried into execution, or that the execution thereof be suspended, pending the appeal, as the Court considers to be in accordance with substantial justice.\n\n133. If the Court directs the decree or order to be carried into execution, the party in whose favour it is made shall, before the execution of it, give security to the satisfaction of the Court for the due performance of such order as Her Majesty in Council may think fit to make.\n\n134. If the Court directs the execution of the decree or order to be suspended pending the appeal, the party against whom the decree is made shall, before any order for suspension of execution, give security to the satisfaction of the Court for the due performance of such order as Her Majesty in Council may think fit to make.\n\n135. In all cases security shall also be given by the appellant to the satisfaction of the Court to an amount not exceeding $2,500 for the prosecution of the appeal, and for payment of all such costs as may be awarded to any respondent by Her Majesty in Council, or by the Lords of the Judicial Committee of Her Majesty's Privy Council.\n\n136. If the last-mentioned security is given within one month from the filing of the motion-paper for leave to appeal, then, and not otherwise, the Supreme Court shall give leave to appeal.\n\n137. In any case other than the cases herein-before described, the Supreme Court may give leave to appeal on the terms and in the manner aforesaid if it considers it just or expedient to do so.\n\n138. In every case where leave to appeal is given as aforesaid, the appellant shall be at liberty to prefer and prosecute his appeal to Her Majesty in Council according to the rules for the time being in force respecting appeals to Her Majesty in Council from Her Colonies, or such other rules as Her Majesty in Council from time to time thinks fit to make concerning appeals from the Supreme Court.\n\n189. Nothing in this Order shall affect the right of Her Majesty at any time, on the humble petition of a party aggrieved by a decision of the Supreme Court in a civil case, to admit his appeal thereon on such terms and in such manner as Her Majesty in Council may think fit, and to deal with the decision appealed from in such manner as may be just.\n\n35 \n\n140. Where any judgment, order, or sentence of the Supreme Court is given, made, or passed in the exercise of either original or appellate criminal jurisdiction, the party charged with the crime or offence, if he considers the judgment, order, or sentence to be erroneous in point of law, may appeal therefrom to Her Majesty in Council, provided that the Supreme Court declares the case to be a fit one for such appeal and that the appellant complies with such conditions as the Supreme Court establishes or requires, subject always to such rules as from time to time Her Majesty in Council thinks fit to make in that behalf.\n\n## XIX.-GENERAL PROVISIONS \n\n141. Nothing in this Order shall be deemed to affect Her Majesty's prerogative of pardon.\n\n142. Except as in this Order expressly provided, nothing in this Order shall preclude any of Her Majesty's Consular Officers in China or in Japan from performing any act not of a judicial character, that Her Majesty's Consular Officers there might by law, or by virtue of usage or sufferance, or otherwise, have performed if this Order had not been made.\n\n143. Every of Her Majesty's Consular Officers shall, as far as there is proper opportunity, promote reconciliation and encourage and facilitate the settlement in an amicable way, and without recourse to litigation, of matters in difference between British subjects in China or in Japan.\n\n144. Every signature or seal affixed to any instrument purporting to be the signature of the Judge of the Supreme Court, or of any officer or person acting under this Order, or to be the seal of any of Her Majesty's Courts in China or in Japan, shall, for all purposes under this Order, without proof thereof, be presumed to be genuine, and shall be taken as genuine until the contrary is proved.\n\n145. In every case, civil or criminal, heard in any Court, proper minutes of the proceedings shall be drawn up, and shall be signed by the Judge or Officer before whom the proceedings are taken, and sealed with the seal of the Court, and shall, where Assessors are present, be open for their inspection and for their signature if concurred in by them.\n\nPage 34\nPage 35 \n\n© 2 \n95", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-109 - Public Offices - 1865.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 264794, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-111 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1866 [1-2]", "page_number": 176, "title": "CO129-111 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1866 [1-2]", "content_text": "# THE HONGKONG GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 3RD SEPTEMBER, 1864.\n\nment to be accumulative or not, at the discretion of the adjudicating tribunal), for any British subject, within any part of China, to assist either the existing Chinese Government, or any or either of the different factions then engaged, or who might be thereafter engaged, in opposition to the Government, by personal enlistment in the service of either of the said several parties, or by procuring other persons to enlist in such service, or by furnishing, selling, or procuring warlike stores of any description, or by fitting out vessels, or by knowingly and purposely doing any other act to assist either party, by which neutrality might be violated; and that the tribunal for adjudicating on offences, of the description intended to be thereby dealt with, should consist of a Consular Officer in charge of a Consulate, and two Assessors of Her Majesty, resident within the Consulate;\n\nAnd whereas it is expedient that the said Ordinance of the seventeenth day of January, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, should be explained and amended, and that further provisions should be made to prevent the participation of British subjects within the dominions of the Emperor of China, in acts of war or rebellion against the authority of the said Emperor; Now, therefore, Her Majesty, by virtue of all powers enabling Her in this behalf, is pleased, by and with the advice of Her Privy Council, to order, and it is hereby ordered, as follows:-\n\n1. Nothing in the said Ordinance made and passed on the seventeenth day of January, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, shall extend or apply, or be deemed to have extended, or to have been applicable, to any British subject, who, at any time heretofore may have assisted, or may hereafter assist, the Government of the Emperor of China, by the means in the same Ordinance mentioned, or otherwise howsoever, by or under the leave or licence of Her Majesty, or by or under the authority of any Order of Her Majesty in Council, at any time heretofore made, or to be hereafter made.\n\n## No. 139.\n\n2. If any subject of Her Majesty, within any part of the dominions of the Emperor of China, shall, at any time after the publication of this present Order, in Her Majesty's Colony of Hong Kong, levy war, or take part in any operations of war, against the Emperor of China, or aid or abet any persons who are or who may be engaged in carrying on war or rebellion or insurrection against the said Emperor, in carrying on such war or rebellion, or insurrection, such person shall be liable to the several penalties mentioned in the said Ordinance of the seventeenth day of January, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, and shall further be liable to be sent out of the dominions of the Emperor of China; and in case of his afterwards returning within the same, shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished, and to be again sent out of the said dominions, and so from time to time, in the same manner, in all respects, as is provided by the said Orders in Council of the thirteenth day of June, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, and the twelfth day of September, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, respectively, concerning the persons liable to be sent out of the said dominions under those respective Orders.\n\n3. Every person offending against this present Order may be proceeded against in the same manner, in all respects, as is provided by the said Order of the thirteenth day of June, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, concerning persons offending against any rules or regulations duly made, under and by virtue thereof, by Her Majesty's Superintendent of British Trade in China for the time being.\n\nAnd the Right Honourable Earl Russell, and the Right Honourable Edward Cardwell, two of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, and the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, are to give the necessary directions herein, as to them may respectively appertain.\n\n## GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.\n\n**ARTHUR HELPS**\n\nThe following Circular from the Right Honorable the Secretary of State for the Colonies, covering the new Instructions issued by the Royal National Life Boat Institution for the Restoration of Persons apparently Drowned, is published for general information.\n\nBy Order,\nColonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 29th August, 1864.\n\n**CIRCULAR.**\n\nW. T. MERCER, Colonial Secretary.\n\nDOWNING STREET, 20th June, 1864.\nSIR,-I transmit to you, herewith, a copy of a letter from the Secretary to the Royal National Life Boat Institution, with copies of new Instructions which have been issued by that Institution, for the Restoration of Persons Apparently Drowned.\n\nI have been informed by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, that the Medical Director-General of the Navy has given it as his opinion that the Instructions in question are valuable, and that they have been circulated in the Royal Navy; I have therefore no hesitation in giving to these Instructions the circulation desired by the Committee of the Institution.-I have the honour to be, Sir, your most obedient humble Servant,\n\n**EDWARD CARDWELL.**\n\nGovernor SIR H. ROBINSON,\n&c. &c. &c.\n\n(Copy.)\n\nMr. Lewis to the Secretary of State for the Colonies.\n\nROYAL NATIONAL LIFE BOAT INSTITUTION, 14, JOHN-STREET, ADLEPHI, LONDON, 26th May, 1864.\n\nSIR, I am directed to transmit to you a few copies of the new Instructions issued by the Royal National Life Boat Institution for the Restoration of the Apparently Drowned.\n\nThese Instructions are the result of extensive inquiries which have recently been made by the Institution amongst medical men, medical bodies, and coroners throughout the United Kingdom.\n\nThe Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty have ordered 1,000 copies to be circulated throughout Her Majesty's Fleet, and the Commodore Controller-General of Coast Guard has also requested 2,000 copies to be supplied for distribution throughout the Coast Guard Service.\n\nThe Committee are desirous that these directions should be known throughout the British Colonies, and they would therefore feel much obliged if you would do them the honour to direct that the accompanying letters, containing packets of the same, be transmitted to the respective Governors of the Colonies.--I have, &c.,\n\n(Signed)\n\n**RICHARD LEWIS,**\nSecretary.\n\n# TREATMENT OF THE APPARENTLY DROWNED.\n\n## ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION.\n\nINCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER. -SUPPORTED BY VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS,\n\n**PATRONESS.-Her Most Gracious Majesty the QUEEN.**\n\n## DIRECTIONS FOR RESTORING THE APPARENTLY DROWNED.\n\nThe leading principles of the following Directions for the Restoration of the apparently Dead from Drowning are founded on those of the late Dr. Marshall Hall, combined with those of Dr. H. R. Silvester, and are the result of extensive inquiries which were made by the Institution in 1863-4 amongst Medical Men, Medical Bodies, and Coroners throughout the United Kingdom. These Directions have been extensively circulated by the Institution throughout the United Kingdom and in the Colonies. They are also in use in Her Majesty's Fleet, and in the Coast-guard Service.\n\n### I.\n\nON THE SPOT,\n\nSend immediately for medical assistance, blankets, and dry clothing, but proceed to treat the Patient instantly in the open air, with the face downwards, whether on shore or afloat; exposing the face, neck, and chest to the wind, except in severe weather, and removing all tight clothing from the neck and chest, especially the braces.\n\nThe points to be aimed at are-first and immediately, the Restoration of Breathing; and secondly, after breathing is restored, the Promotion of Warmth and Circulation.\n\nThe efforts to restore Breathing must be commenced immediately and energetically, and persevered in for one or two hours, or until a medical man has pronounced that life is extinct. Efforts to promote Warmth and Circulation beyond removing the wet clothes and drying the skin must not be made until the first appearance of natural breathing. For if circulation of the blood be induced before breathing has recommenced, the restoration to life will be endangered.\n\n### II.-TO RESTORE BREATHING.\n\n#### TO CLEAR THE THROAT-\nPlace the Patient on the floor or ground with the face downwards, and one of the arms under the forehead, in which position all fluids will more readily escape by the mouth, and the tongue itself will fall forward, leaving the entrance into the windpipe free. Assist this operation by wiping and cleansing the mouth.\n\nIf satisfactory breathing commences, use the treatment described below to promote Warmth. If there be only slight breathing or no breathing or if the breathing fail, then-\n\n#### TO EXCITE BREATHING-\nTurn the Patient well and instantly on the side, supporting the head, and-\n\nExcite the nostrils with snuff, hartshorn, and smelling salts, or tickle the throat with a feather, &c., if they are at hand. Rub the chest and face warm, and dash cold water, or cold and hot water alternately, on them.\n\nIf there be no success, lose not a moment but instantly\n\n#### TO IMITATE BREATHING-\nReplace the Patient on the face, raising and supporting the chest well on a folded coat or other article of dress.\n\n| Action | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Turn the body | very gently on the side and a little beyond, and then briskly on the face, back again; repeating these measures cautiously, efficiently, and perseveringly about fifteen times in the minute, or once every four or five seconds, occasionally varying the side. |\n| Pressure on the back | Make uniform but efficient pressure with brisk movement, on the back between and below the shoulder-blades or bones on each side, removing the pressure immediately before turning the body on the side. |\n\nBy placing the Patient on the chest, the weight of the body forces the air out; when turned on the side, this pressure is removed, and air enters the chest.\n\nThe first measure increases the Expiration, the second commences Inspiration.\n\n**The result is Respiration or Natural Breathing;—and, if not too late, Life.**\n\nWhilst the above operations are being proceeded with, dry the hands and feet; and as soon as dry clothing or blankets can be procured, strip the body and cover, or gradually reclothe it, but taking care not to interfere with the efforts to restore breathing.\n\n### III.\n\nShould these efforts not prove successful in the course of from two to five minutes, proceed to imitate breathing by Dr. Silvester's method, as follows:-\n\nPlace the Patient on the back on a flat surface, inclined a little upwards from the feet; raise and support the head and shoulders on a small firm cushion or folded article of dress placed under the shoulder-blades.\n\nDraw forward the Patient's tongue, and keep it projecting beyond the lips: an elastic band over the tongue and under the chin will answer this purpose, or a piece of string or tape may be tied round them, or by raising the lower jaw, the teeth may be made to retain the tongue in that position. Remove all tight clothing from about the neck and chest, especially the braces.\n\n#### TO IMITATE THE MOVEMENTS OF BREATHING-\nStanding at the Patient's head, grasp the arms just above the elbows, and draw the arms gently and steadily upwards above the head, and keep them stretched upwards for two seconds. (By this means air is drawn into the lungs.) Then turn down the Patient's arms, and press them gently and firmly for two seconds against the sides of the chest. (By this means air is pressed out of the lungs.)\n\nRepeat these measures alternately, deliberately, and perseveringly, about fifteen times in a minute, until a spontaneous effort to respire is perceived, immediately upon which cease to imitate the movements of breathing, and proceed to INDUCE CIRCULATION AND WARMTH.\n\n### IV. TREATMENT AFTER NATURAL BREATHING HAS BEEN RESTORED.\n\n#### TO PROMOTE WARMTH AND CIRCULATION.--\n\nCommence rubbing the limbs upwards, with firm grasping pressure and energy, using handkerchiefs, flannels, &c.: [by this measure the blood is propelled along the veins towards the heart.]\n\nThe friction must be continued under the blanket or over the dry clothing. Promote the warmth of the body by the application of hot flannels, bottles, or bladders of hot water, heated bricks, &c., to the pit of the stomach, the arm-pits, between the thighs, and to the soles of the feet.\n\nIf the Patient has been carried to a house after respiration has been restored, be careful to let the air play freely about the room.\n\nOn the restoration of life, a teaspoonful of warm water should be given; and then, if the power of swallowing have returned, small quantities of wine, warm brandy and water, or coffee, should be administered. The Patient should be kept in bed, and a disposition to sleep encouraged.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-111 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1866 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 288858, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-159 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [9-12]", "page_number": 231, "title": "CO129-159 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [9-12]", "content_text": "Execution or suspension.\n\nSecurity on execution.\n\nSecurity on suspension.\n\nSecurity on appeal.\n\nLeave to appeal.\n\nLeave in other cases.\n\nLiberty to appeal accordingly.\n\nSaving for other rights of appeal.\n\n34\n\nor upwards, any party aggrieved by the decree or order may within fifteen days after the same is made, apply by motion to the Supreme Court for leave to appeal to Her Majesty in Council.\n\n132. If leave to appeal is applied for by a party adjudged to pay money or perform a duty, the Supreme Court shall direct either that the decree or order appealed from be carried into execution, or that the execution thereof be suspended, pending the appeal, as the Court considers to be in accordance with substantial justice.\n\n133. If the Court directs the decree or order to be carried into execution, the party in whose favour it is made shall, before the execution of it, give security to the satisfaction of the Court for the due performance of such order as Her Majesty in Council may think fit to make.\n\n134. If the Court directs the execution of the decree or order to be suspended pending the appeal, the party against whom the decree is made shall, before any order for suspension of execution, give security to the satisfaction of the Court for the due performance of such order as Her Majesty in Council may think fit to make.\n\n135. In all cases security shall also be given by the appellant to the satisfaction of the Court to an amount not exceeding 2,500 dollars for the prosecution of the appeal, and for payment of all such costs as may be awarded to any respondent by Her Majesty in Council, or by the Lords of the Judicial Committee of Her Majesty's Privy Council.\n\n136. If the last-mentioned security is given within one month from the filing of the motion-paper for leave to appeal, then, and not otherwise, the Supreme Court shall give leave to appeal.\n\n137. In any case other than the cases herein-before described, the Supreme Court may give leave to appeal on the terms and in the manner aforesaid if it considers it just or expedient to do so.\n\n138. In every case where leave to appeal is given as aforesaid, the appellant shall be at liberty to prefer and prosecute his appeal to Her Majesty in Council according to the rules for the time being in force respecting appeals to Her Majesty in Council from Her Colonies, or such other rules as Her Majesty in Council from time to time thinks fit to make concerning appeals from the Supreme Court.\n\n139. Nothing in this Order shall affect the right of Her Majesty at any time, on the humble petition of a party aggrieved by a decision of the Supreme Court in a civil case, to admit his appeal thereon on such terms and in such manner as Her Majesty in Council may think fit, and to deal with the decision appealed from in such manner as may be just.\n\n35\n\nsentence of the Appeal on from Supreme\n\n140. Where any judgment, order, or sentence of the Supreme Court is given, made, or passed in the exercise of original or appellate criminal jurisdiction, the party charged with the crime or offence, if he considers the judgment, order, or sentence to be erroneous in point of law, may appeal therefrom to Her Majesty in Council, provided that the Supreme Court declares the case to be a fit one for such appeal and that the appellant complies with such conditions as the Supreme Court establishes or requires, subject always to such rules as from time to time Her Majesty in Council thinks fit to make in that behalf.\n\nXIX.-GENERAL PROVISIONS.\n\n141. Nothing in this Order shall be deemed to affect Her Majesty's prerogative of pardon.\n\n142. Except as in this Order expressly provided, nothing in this Order shall preclude any of Her Majesty's Consular Officers in China or in Japan from performing any act not of a judicial character, that Her Majesty's Consular Officers there might by law, or by virtue of usage or sufferance, or otherwise, have performed if this Order had not been made.\n\n143. Every of Her Majesty's Consular Officers shall, as far as there is proper opportunity, promote reconciliation and encourage and facilitate the settlement in an amicable way, and without recourse to litigation, of matters in difference between British subjects in China or in Japan.\n\n144. Every signature or seal affixed to any instrument purporting to be the signature of the Judge of the Supreme Court, or of any officer or person acting under this Order, or to be the seal of any of Her Majesty's Courts in China or in Japan, shall, for all purposes under this Order, without any proof thereof, be presumed to be genuine, and shall be taken as genuine until the contrary is proved.\n\n145. In every case, civil or criminal, heard in any Court, proper minutes of the proceedings shall be drawn up, and shall be signed by the Judge or Officer before whom the proceedings are taken, and sealed with the seal of the Court, and shall, where Assessors are present, be open for their inspection and signature if concurred in by them.\n\n223\n\nC 2\n\nPage 34\n\nPage 35\n\nPage 223", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-159 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 303496, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-184 - Governor Hennessy - 1879 [1-5]", "page_number": 88, "title": "CO129-184 - Governor Hennessy - 1879 [1-5]", "content_text": "## Proceedings of the Chamber of Commerce\n\nThe CHAIRMAN said it was an important matter, and it would be very desirable to have it ventilated.\n\nMr. BALILIOS here suggested that, as regards the Stamp Duty, a quid pro quo might be given to the Government for reducing the tax on bank note issues, if they proposed instead that the duty on insurance policies be charged ad valorem; and he thought it would be meeting Government half-way, and relieving the banks of a heavy load if a slight increase on insurance was made. With their depraved currency, the note issue was a great facility, and if rightly informed, he believed one bank had curtailed its issue, and they ought to come to the rescue as he suggested.\n\n| levied, and, as in the Kum Hop Sing case, such a purpose. It would be necessary to | That find a spot, and a room in the City Hall have been clearly proved to be so. theas duties should be levied at Hongkong building would probably be a convenient instead of ports of clearance in China, place. The outlay would not, he thought, be was simply monstrous; and as there was a very excessive, and it would be self-supporting, while it would be necessary that way-the Chinese know it, those who had membership should be open to all classes charge of their inter sta kuew it he would and all nationalities. He would be glad say that anything more clearly against the to see the subject ventilated, and perhaps fundamental principle of the free trade of it might do some good to the dulness of | \nThe text appears to be a jumbled table or column. Reordering for logical flow: \nThe duties were often double; and as for seizures, their trade waters were turned into a fighting ground to collect Chinese duties. Was that what Hongkong was established for? Let China collect her duties at the port of shipment; and if she could not do so, like other civilized countries, then let her go without. The Chinese Government was with the British Government; but the mandarins, the litterati and the intermediate powers were not with them. If they doubted that, let them take counsel with those who knew-let them ask Bishop Bardon, as to the north; Dr. Chalmers, who has large experience of Canton; Dr. Eitel or Mr. Lechler here. Our Governor is a Roman Catholic; let him go to Bishop Raimondi or Fathers Borghiuoli, or Vigano (Italian); let him go to the Spanish Procuration and Father Saisz; to the French Mission, Father Lemonier-every one of these men would tell him the same story, that all who bear authority are against us.\n\nShould not this be borne in mind; and should our attitude be powerfully affected by it? He maintained that until the present system-by which no salary was paid to the officials, who squeezed it out of the people-was done away with, there never could be a change; as the mandarin knew that the changes would endanger his position. This should be thoroughly rooted out. He believed they were all free-traders in Hongkong: even the German merchants were so, notwithstanding their Chancellor's changeable principles. There was no free trade in this Colony; what was the matter? There was no happiness, no joy in the place; what was at the bottom of it? If there was anything, let them root it out. As to population, there was clearly something which prevented the Chinese from coming here; they had large factories in Macao and Canton; but here the expense was too great, owing to the Blockade. He hoped that this would be earnestly brought before the British Minister.\n\nMr. Ryrie then submitted his resolution: \"That a deputation consisting of the Committee and as many members of this Chamber as may attend do wait upon Sir Thomas Wade, and lay before him the complaints of the Colonists in regard to the Blockade, and also other matters connected with the trade at the new ports opened to the southward.\"\n\nMr. BELILIOS having seconded the motion, it was carried unanimously.\n\n## PROPOSED EXCHANGE\n\nMr. MACEWEN said he would like to suggest an idea of establishing, in connection with the Chamber of Commerce here, an exchange and general sales-room, as he thought it would be a very desirable thing for those concerned and interested in business to meet on a common platform. There was nothing like that institution here: the Hongkong Club was the nearest approach to it at present, but it would be desirable to have another place than the Club for business.\n\nThe CHAIRMAN observed that he had ever held the opinion that the tax on Bank notes was a very reasonable and proper duty, and one which, so long as the Stamp Act existed, should not be withdrawn, was not excessive, and as equal and fair as a tax on insurance could be levied.\n\nIt would affect trade, and shippers were great sufferers at present: so he thought the motion already passed should remain unchanged.\n\nMr. Nelson remarked that though the proposed exchange was more for merchants than bankers, it would be a pity if the suggestion should not be taken up. It was very important, and if well weighed might have an important influence on the mode of doing business in the place.\n\nMr. SHARP remarked on the saving of time it would effect, if it were understood that in a room at certain hours everybody wanting could meet everybody else. Running round to see people was often very fruitless work. It would be no great cost, and a general convenience; if ten leading partners agreed to-morrow to meet in a room from 12 to 12.30 every day, there would soon be plenty of people about.\n\nMr. MACEWEN thought that once a week would be sufficient.\n\nMr. HASSELL said that the subject was looked into some years ago, and fell through as there was no one to take it up. Now merchants were entirely in the hands of Ubinese, whose information was often entirely false-not designedly, but from partial knowledge. They were often told their neighbours were nothing when they were doing exactly the reverse. They were frequently completely in the dark-such darkness that ought not to exist. He supported the idea of an Exchange for intercourse in business.\n\nThe CHAIRMAN said it would be a great advantage if an interchange of views on business took place, but he was not quite clear that the Chamber of Commerce was the proper medium to arrive at this end. It would be better were the time and place not to depend upon the Chamber. He thought the movers might promote the movement by getting people to join. Some one ought to take it in hand; and he thought Messrs. MacEwen and Hassell might do so. In no other way could it be done.\n\nAfter a vote of thanks to the Chairman and the retiring Committee, the proceedings terminated.\n\n## Report of the Committee\n\nSince then the Chamber has been favoured by His Excellency the Governor with a draft copy of the proposed amendments, and were invited to express their views thereon. Your Committee have carefully considered the changes proposed and have generally approved of them.\n\n### THE CURRENCY\n\nUpon this subject, His Excellency the Governor has been good enough to forward, for the information of the Chamber, a portion of a despatch from Her Majesty's Secretary of State, in which will be found the following expression of opinion: Having regard to the reports which have been made at different times by the Deputy Master of the Mint relative to the proposed coinage of a British Dollar for circulation in the Straits Settlements and Hongkong, Her Majesty's Government have come reluctantly to the conclusion that this proposal could not be adopted without entailing a loss on the Colonial Treasuries, or rather that in order to avert such loss it would be necessary to impose such a charge on the mintage as would practically be prohibitive if the British and Mexican Dollar were brought into competition.\n\n### REGISTRATION OF PARTNERS IN CHINESE HONGs\n\nIn the Report for last year you were informed that your Committee had represented to His Excellency the Governor the importance of having some system of registering partners in Chinese Hongs. The reply received from the Government not being calculated to encourage any hope of the suggestions of your Committee being carried out, it was deemed advisable to again bring the matter before His Excellency, urging upon him the necessity of the measure, as much for the benefit of the Chinese as of other traders in Hongkong. Your Committee are not without hopes that the matter will receive that legislative attention which so important a subject deserves.\n\n### POSTAL SERVICE BETWEEN THIS PORT AND YOKOHAMA\n\nAt the last Annual Meeting, a resolution was passed as follows:- \"That as it was most desirable that a coin of British manufacture, of well ascertained purity, should be substituted for the present commercial currency, it is the opinion of this Chamber that the best mode of obtaining the same would be to establish a Mint in this Colony for the coinage of dollars and subsidiary coinage. It is further the opinion of the Chamber, that such a Mint would eventually prove a successful undertaking, repaying the Colony for the cost of its erection and maintenance.\"\n\n### POLITICAL TELEGRAMS\n\nA new arrangement has been concluded with Reuter's Telegram Co., by which instead of a daily service we are to get bi-weekly messages for $200 a month, with the understanding that should any important events take place in the intervals they are to be communicated.\n\n### TELEGRAPHIC SERVICE\n\nThe attention of your Committee has been called to a proposal of the Eastern Extension Telegraph Company to issue an authorised code of 50,000 words selected from the English, French, German, Latin, Italian and Hindustani languages-which it is declared by the Chairman of the Eastern Company would be sufficient for the requirements of commerce-and to apply a single rate for such word in this code, but a double charge would be made for any words other than those contained in it,\" and, at the invitation of the Bengal Chamber of Commerce, your Committee have agreed to join in a general protest against the proposed change and in a request that all words or word combination not exceeding ten letters be admitted and five figures be received as one word without extra charge.\n\n### THE BLOCKADE\n\nYour Committee have not relaxed their efforts to obtain some remedy for the present obnoxious proceedings of the Hoppo's Cruisers, and further correspondence has taken place between this Chamber and the Government, but so far without any satisfactory result.\n\n### THE STAMP ORDINANCE\n\nAt the last Annual General Meeting, the following resolution was passed: \"That the Chamber recommend to the Colonial Government that demand drafts and cheques payable to bearer or order drawn out of the Colony be subject only to a stamp of two cents, being the equivalent of the penny stamp used in England\"-which was forwarded to the Colonial Secretary. In August last, the Chamber was informed that the Collector of Stamp Revenue had received instructions to draft a bill to amend the present Ordinance with a view to the facilitation of commercial transactions, but the same letter intimated His Excellency the Governor's inability to sanction any change in the Ordinance by which the Colonial Revenue would suffer a reduction.\n\n### APPOINTMENT OF ASSESSORS OR SURVEYORS UNDER THE MERCHANT SHIPPING ACT OF 1876\n\nIn February last, the Government forwarded despatches from the Secretary of State for the Colonies and the Board of Trade upon this subject, and invited the views of the Chamber thereon. Your Committee came to the conclusion that such appointments were unnecessary in Hongkong as so few appeals were likely to be made.\n\n### FUNDS\n\nThe Secretary's Account-current for the year ending 31st December, 1878, has been audited by Messrs. Crombie and Hassell, and is annexed hereto. There is a credit balance of $2,688.11, to carry forward to the current year, and the deposit remains as before.\n\nPage 84", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-184 - Governor Hennessy - 1879 [1-5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 306627, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-189 - Governor Hennessy - 1880 [7-9]", "page_number": 383, "title": "CO129-189 - Governor Hennessy - 1880 [7-9]", "content_text": "His EXCELLENCY - This is really the time for discussing the general merits and principles. At the same time I should be very willing, if the Council agrees, to have such a discussion as the hon. gentleman intimates on the motion that we go into committee.\n\nHon. W. KESWICK - I don't say it would be necessary, or that so far as I am concerned I think it probable, only I think there should be an opportunity of making such remarks as might be thought necessary. With that understanding I am quite willing to vote for the second reading.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY said he presumed the Bill would now be allowed to pass the second reading, and on the motion to go into committee he would be perfectly ready to hear his hon. friend on the left (Mr. Keswick) or anyone else on the general merits of the Bill. The question now was that the Bill be read a second time.\n\nThe Bill then passed the second reading.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY said the question then arose about the time of going into Committee. He gathered from his hon. friend on the right (Mr. Ryrie) that ten days ought to be the time from the distribution of the estimates to the discussion. Suppose they reckoned the time from last Thursday and had a meeting a week hence.\n\nHon. W. KESWICK suggested that it would be better not to fix a day, but to let the Finance Committee intimate to His Excellency when they had finished their work, and then they could have a meeting.\n\nHis Excellency adopted the suggestion.\n\nTHE PRISONS REGULATION AMENDMENT ORDINANCE,\n\nHis EXCELLENCY - This Bill has just been put into my hands, the Prison Regulation Amendment Ordinance, 1880. This is the Bill I explained the provisions of on the last occasion and I don't know that I need add anything more to what I then said, beyond merely reminding you of the fact that my attention has been called by Her Majesty's Government to provisions of the old Prisons Ordinance, No. 4 of 1863, by which the Superintendent was given the power of flogging, and it seems Her Majesty's Government objected to that, and I was asked to explain how such a thing could have come to pass. Of course it was long before my time; I am not in any way responsible for it. And the Secretary of State had his attention drawn to the fact that the present Superintendent had expressed an opinion in favour of retaining that provision of the old law. Well, I referred it to him. We considered his report in Executive Council and the Executive Council unanimously approved of the Bill the Attorney-General drew in this form. Now my hon. friend the Superintendent of the Gaol and Acting Colonial Treasurer is here, and if he wishes I have no doubt he can explain very clearly his views on it.\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL TREASURER - Your Excellency has already got my report. If any member wishes to speak on the Bill I shall be very glad to give any explanation.\n\nThe question that the Bill be read a second time was then put and carried nem. con., and the Council went into committee.\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL TREASURER moved amendments to two of the clauses to retain in the hands of the Superintendent of the gaol power to punish idleness or negligence at work by putting the offenders on a diet of bread and water. He said if this were left out there would be no possibility of getting any work done. It was thought it was not a matter for flogging, but at the same time it was necessary to have some punishment for idleness and negligence.\n\nThe ATTORNEY-GENERAL said his reading of the Secretary of State's dispatch was not the same as that of the hon. gentleman who had just spoken. It was thought that in prisons in England this had not been a matter for punishment.\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL TREASURER - In all the prisons I have visited they punished for idleness and negligence, I could not carry on any work if there is no punishment for idleness.\n\nHis EXCELLENCY - I should be fully prepared to agree that for idleness such a punishment as bread and water or rice and water should be inflicted.\n\nThe amendments were agreed to.\n\nOn the third clause, which transfers the power of sentencing to punishment for certain offences by prisoners on the eve of their release from the Superintendent in conjunction with any Justice of the Peace to the Police Magistrate,\n\nHon. W. KESWICK said the necessity for such an alteration should be understood. He did not like to see the powers of Justices of the Peace changed without some good reason, and it seemed to him that for the offences mentioned the Justices were competent persons with the Superintendent to give the necessary punishment.\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL TREASURER - I may say the Justices have not by the Ordinance the power to give any punishment except in conjunction with the Superintendent, and when it is taken from the Superintendent I think it should go to the Police Magistrate. I think the punishment under this section should be a punishment given only by the Police Magistrate, otherwise a Justice of the Peace would be able to give, without any open court, a fortnight's extra imprisonment. It is rather a difficult thing, too, to get the Justices together. It is not taking away any power they had; they never had it unless they were called in by the Superintendent.\n\nThe CHIEF JUSTICE - Do you mean any Police Magistrate in the gaol, or are the prisoners brought before the Magistrate in open Court?\n\nThe ACTING COLONIAL TREASURER - I should say so.\n\nThe ATTORNEY-GENERAL - I may explain in a word or two as to how I understand this to arise. In a despatch from the Secretary of State, which incorporated a communication from the Home Office, it was pointed out that by a provision in the Amending Ordinance of 1878, which was sent for confirmation, prisoners who were sentenced to short terms of imprisonment were detained in prison beyond the time of their sentence passed by a court of competent jurisdiction, and it was intimated with regard to minor offences that would not be approved, but it was said that if a prisoner was to be punished by imprisonment for offences committed in gaol, he should be regularly tried for the offence, convicted, sentenced, and then he could be detained. Then with regard to the substitution of the Police Magistrate for the Visiting Justices, he might mention that the jurisdiction of the visiting Justices really was exercised by them rather as assessors to the Superintendent of the prison and that their presence was necessary in order to constitute a court for him to award punishments he thought necessary; now the object was rather that this should be distinctly a judicial proceeding in which, not the Prison Superintendent, who was responsible for the prison, but the magistrate as apart from the Superintendent should consider it on the representation of the Superintendent. On that view it was necessary to have someone who was always get-at-able, and one could not always be sure of the services of a Justice of the Peace at inconvenient hours of the day, whereas the Police Magistrate was always available. There is another feature in it, which is this, it gives the executive and regular judicial machinery of the Colony power to deal completely with these matters instead of having to go hunting up and down for a Justice of the Peace.\n\nThe Bill then passed.\n\nThe Council adjourned sine die.\n\nPage 380", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-189 - Governor Hennessy - 1880 [7-9].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 327172, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-218 - Administrator Marsh Governor Sir Bowen & Others - 1884 [11-12]", "page_number": 636, "title": "CO129-218 - Administrator Marsh Governor Sir Bowen & Others - 1884 [11-12]", "content_text": "under date 26th April 1884 (a copy of which letter is enclosed) and expressed my willingness to be heard, and I was finally heard on the 12th May 1884, when the Commission received my evidence in writing and examined one, permitting me to take down the evidence in full by my shorthand writer, a printed copy of which I afterwards sent to it, and a copy is enclosed herewith.\n\n2. In your letter of the 19th instant, you mention that in your evidence before a \"Board of Assessors\" had been appointed to consider the conditions upon which the leases should be extended. – While giving evidence before the Board I asked if it was a Board of Assessors as it had been called by the Colonial Secretary, or a Commission of Enquiry, or \"Committee of Revision\" as they had called themselves. The Chairman said it is a \"Commission of Enquiry\". I may add that the appointment of the Commission was never gazitted and its name and powers do not appear to have been clearly understood. There seemed to me to be no doubt that either the new leases would be indefinitely deferred or that the assessment would be at such an enormous rental for...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-218 - Administrator Marsh Governor Sir Bowen & Others - 1884 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 361596, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-273 - Governor Sir Robinson & Others - 1896 [10-12]", "page_number": 456, "title": "CO129-273 - Governor Sir Robinson & Others - 1896 [10-12]", "content_text": "453\n\n\"steps as may be required by the practice of the Judicial Committee;\n\n\"of the Privy Council.\n\nRule 131 Omit this rule.\n\nThese alterations in the Rules as to appeals seem to be required\n\nbecause the old practice of issuing Inhibitions, citations, and\n\nmonitions for Process does not now apply to Admiralty appeals,\n\nwhich now follow the usual procedure in other Appeals from the\n\nColonial Courts.\n\n-\n\nRule 156 as to the execution of instruments by the \"Bailiff\" does\n\nnot seem to fall properly under the head of \"Piling\"\n\nit under \"Bailiff\" or \"Execution of Instruments\" as a separate\n\n-\n\nheading.\n\nRule 170\n\nAfter \"as regards\" insert \"discovery and\", the Vice\n\nAdmiralty Court Rules as to discovery having been struck out.\n\nRule 171 I do not think that any rule to this effect has been\n\ninserted in the Admiralty Rules of any other Colonial Court. Is the\n\nRule wanted? Any necessary variation in the Forms may be made under\n\nRule 164. For the Assessors Fees a sufficiently wide margin seems\n\nto be provided in the Table of Fees. The Court Fees, other than those\n\nset out in the Appendix, are, by Rule 165 to be according to the\n\nscale for the time being in force in respect of similar matters or\n\nby Rule proceedings in the original jurisdiction of the Court and.\n\n97, Barristers' and Solicitors' costs are to be allowed on taxation upon the scale that is for the time being in force in the original\n\njurisdiction of the Court.\n\nIn the Table of Fees I would suggest that the Assessors' Fees\n\nshould range from $10 to $30. The proposed maximum of $50\n\n(equivalent to about £10?) is a much higher fee than is allowed here for the attendance of Assessors either in Court or at a reference before the Registrar.\n\nIn Rules 9, 85, 100, 101, & 102 for \"Judge\" substitute \"Court\",\n\nas has been done in other Rules.\n\nIn Rule 96\n\nfor \"such\" read \"each\".\n\nSupreme Court, Admiralty Registry\n\nSupreme Court, General Registry, Courts of Justice, 1st April 1906.\n\n(signed)\n\nJ.G. Smith, Registrar.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-273 - Governor Sir Robinson & Others - 1896 [10-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 390973, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-320 - Governor Sir Blake Acting Governor May - 1903 [11-12]", "page_number": 526, "title": "CO129-320 - Governor Sir Blake Acting Governor May - 1903 [11-12]", "content_text": "26\n\n27\n\nSPILSBURY 7. R.\n\nFugitive Offenders Act, 1881. Morocco Order in Council, 1889. 24th March and 3rd May, 1899.\n\nJUDICIAL COMMITTEE OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL: Earl of HALSBURY, L.C., and Lords WATSON, HOBHOUSE, MACNAUGHTON and DAVEY.\n\n1 R. App. 1899, 392; 68 L.J. P.C. 66; 19 Cox C.C. 303.\n\nThe Supreme Court of Gibraltar, by an order of 5 September, 1898, ordered appellant to be tried before a Judge with or without assessors, in accordance with the Morocco Order in Council, 1889, and not with a jury of 12 men.\n\nUpon appeal therefrom it was\n\nHeld: That \"Section 38 of the Gibraltar Order in Council expressly applied to appellant's case. It was a criminal case depending before the Supreme Court of Gibraltar, which had concurrent original jurisdiction with the Court in Morocco. When once it is ascertained that the Supreme Court of Gibraltar was rightly seised of the jurisdiction to try, their Lordships think that the mode prescribed by the Gibraltar Order in Council must be pursued.\" Appellant was entitled to trial with a jury.\n\n(Appellant was ultimately acquitted by a jury at Gibraltar.)\n\nFurther papers having subsequently been submitted by the German Government, Bluhm was again brought up on the 5th March and committed on four further cases.\n\nAn order nisi for a writ of habeas corpus was obtained on the grounds of there being no sufficient evidence within two months for his extradition; and of irregularity in any proceedings after the two months: and of there being no evidence of the identity of the accused with the person wanted in Germany.\n\nHeld: There was sufficient evidence produced in reference to the one case within two months of apprehension, and prisoner was therefore not entitled to the benefit of Article XII. In regard to the other grounds it seems to me that the proceedings were entirely regular. The right given by Article XII. to a person against whom a case had not been made is to be absolutely set at liberty: if that does not apply the procedure is to be the same as the procedure in this country. It may be that when he gets over to Germany, and he is tried there, he may be entitled to say, under Article VII., or under the provisions of the law of Germany in accordance with Article VII, I have only been properly extradited with reference to one of these charges. If that is a good point, he can make it in Germany, but he cannot make it here.”\n\nIN RE JOSEPH BLUHM.\n\nGermany.\n\n15th March, 1901.\n\nKING'S BENCH:\n\nCHANNELL and BUCKNILL, JJ.\n\nL.R. Q.B.D. 1901 (1) 764; 70 L.J. K.B. 472.\n\nBluhm was arrested on 15th December, 1900, on a provisional warrant for obtaining money by false pretences, and was remanded from time to time until the 14th February, 1901, the last day of the two months mentioned in Article XII. of the treaty with Germany, at which time the Magistrate had before him a requisition supported by a warrant and evidence in respect of one case, which was thus ready for committal-the Magistrate being satisfied with the evidence and a warrant and evidence relating to 31 other cases, which, having only been received by the Magistrate the preceding day, had not been all translated; and in respect of these 31 cases the Magistrate was not prepared to decide upon the evidence, and he therefore remanded the prisoner for a further week (at the same time informing the defendant that he considered the evidence upon the one case sufficient to justify him in committing the defendant for extradition). At the end of a week, on the 21st February, 1901, the Magistrate committed the prisoner for extradition on the one case, and on 30 of the 31 cases mentioned in the further warrant.\n\nR. v. DIX.\n\nU.S.A.\n\n14th January, 1902\n\nKING'S BENCH: DARLING and PHILLIMORE, JJ.\n\n\"Times,\" 15th January, 1902.\n\nDix had been committed for extradition for the crimes of larceny, embezzlement, and fraud by a banker or member or officer of a company, upon two informations showing (i.) that, while acting as manager of a bank, he received money on deposit knowing at the time that the bank was insolvent and in failing circumstances; (ii) that, while president and manager of a bank, he fraudulently discounted certain worthless bills with the bank, and drew cheques on the bank, which were honoured although his account was overdrawn; when the bank got into financial difficulties, the bills were found to be worthless, and prisoner owed the bank about $23,000.\n\nA summons for a writ of habeas corpus was taken out.\n\nIt was\n\nAdmitted by the Attorney-General (appearing in support of the Magistrate's committal) that the first charge did not amount to larceny according to English law, and that the prisoner could not be extradited on that charge. And it was\n\nAdmitted by Mr. Biron (appearing for the prisoner) that the depositions as to the second charge made out a prima facie case of \"larceny by embezzlement\" within the definition of that offence in the Washington Statutes.\n\nHeld: That there was evidence of an offence within section 81 of the Larceny Act, 1861: it might be that in American law that would be called \"larceny by embezzlement\"; but the essential thing was to see whether what the evidence showed prima facie that the prisoner had done was a crime in\n\n520", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-320 - Governor Sir Blake Acting Governor May - 1903 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422518, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 547, "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "## No. 11.\n\nI am to add that the objections, urged in your letter now under reply, to a continuance of the existing arrangements with regard to the jurisdiction of the two Mixed Courts have been duly noted, and I am to state that, although no settlement has yet been arrived at, the question has not been lost sight of either here or at Peking.\n\nI am, \n(Signed) \nF. A. CAMPBELL.\n\nSir E. Satow to the Marquess of Lansdowne,- (Received October 20.)\n\n**(No. 239.) (Telegraphic.) P.**\n\nPeking, October 20, 1903.\n\nI am informed by the German Minister that the group of German financiers connected with the Tien-tsin-Chinkiang Railway desire, with a view to expediting negotiations for the final contract, to separate their interests from those of their British associates. The German Government have asked their Minister for his opinion, and the latter having consulted me, I said that I had received no instructions from my Government, and had heard nothing from the representative of the British capitalists interested in the railway.\n\nI beg to refer your Lordship to Mr. Townley's despatch `No. 273`, **Confidential**, of the 23rd July on the subject of separating British and German interests in the Tien-tsin-Chinkiang Railway.\n\nAs matters now stand, the French Consul-General at Shanghae, states that he is unable to send an assessor to the Mixed Court in the international settlement, and he denies the right of other nationalities to send assessors to the Mixed Court in the French settlement in which only the French assessor sits with the Chinese Magistrate. Since the provisional Rules with regard to the jurisdiction of the two Courts were agreed to a Committee, consisting of the British, German, and United States' Ministers at Peking, have been intrusted by the Diplomatic Body in that capital with the task of preparing a draft of amendments to the Mixed Court Rules. I inclose a copy of a despatch which was received from Sir E. Satow in December 1902,* forwarding a copy of the final draft, and reporting that it had been presented by the Committee to the Diplomatic Representatives for their approval and accepted by all except the French Minister.\n\nCopies of two further despatches from His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires at Peking are also inclosed for your Excellency's information, from which, it appears, that the French Minister was in June last still without instructions with regard to the amended Rules, and that he did not expect any expression of opinion from the French Government on the subject.\n\nM. Dubail expressed to Mr. Townley the opinion that the present arrangement would work very well if properly applied, and he stated that he had enjoined upon the French Consul-General to be as conciliatory as possible.\n\nExperience has, however, shown that difficulties have frequently arisen; and, in the opinion of the Acting British Consul-General, friction between the authorities of the two Settlements is bound to occur as long as the present conditions continue.\n\nIt would, no doubt, be advisable that all details with regard to procedure should be settled locally; but His Majesty's Government trust that the French Government will see their way to send instructions to the effect that the two Courts in the Settlements should be placed on an equal footing; that when a Frenchman is concerned in a case in the international Settlement a French assessor should be present, and that similarly when a foreigner of any other nationality is interested in a case in the French Settlement an assessor of that nationality should be present, all cases being tried in the Court of the Settlement in which the defendant resides.\n\nI request that your Excellency will make representations in this sense to the French Government, pointing out at the same time that, as has been already stated, the provisional Regulations now being acted on at Shanghae were only adopted as a temporary measure pending a definite settlement.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n**(Signed)** \nLANSDOWNE.\n\n## No. 12.\n\nThe Marquess of Lansdowne to Sir E. Monson, \nForeign Office, October 21, 1903.\n\nI transmit to your Excellency herewith a copy of a despatch which was received from His Majesty's Minister at Peking in August, 1902,* inclosing the provisional Rules which had been suggested by the British, French, and German Consular officers at Shanghae for defining the respective jurisdictions of the Mixed Courts of the international and French settlements at that port.\n\nThe Rules are at present in force, but they have never been considered satisfactory, and as their title implies and as Mr. Mansfield's covering despatch shows they were accepted only as a modus vivendi until a definite arrangement could be arrived at.\n\n## No. 13.\n\nForeign Office to British and Chinese Corporation, \nForeign Office, October 21, 1903.\n\nI am directed by the Marquess of Lansdowne to state to you that a telegram has been received from His Majesty's Minister at Peking, reporting that the German Minister has informed him that, in order to hasten the negotiations for the final contract for their section of the Tien-tsin-Chinkiang Railway, the German group wish to separate their interests from those of the British financiers, and that he has been asked for his opinion on the matter by the German Government.\n\nSir E. Satow replied that he had not been approached by the representative of the British capitalists interested.\n\nI am to inquire whether your Corporation have any observations to make on the subject.\n\nI am, &c. \n(Signed) T. A. CAMPBELL.\n\n* Sir E. Satow, `No. 180`, June 29, 1902. \n† Mr. Townley, `No 41`, January 28, ditto, `No. 233`, June 18, 1903.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422523, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 552, "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# No. 21.\n\nSir E. Satow to the Marquess of Lansdowne—(Received October 26.)\n\n**(No. 243.) (Telegraphic.) P.**\n\nPeking, October 26, 1903.\n\n**INDEMNITIES**. With the exception of the Russian Government, which has sent no instructions as yet, all the Powers have concurred in the proposal mentioned in your Lordship's telegram No. 163.\n\nI have been informed, in confidence, by M. Dubail, that the French Government has sanctioned the remission of the interest on the difference (see my telegram No. 230, fourth paragraph), but such a concession has, up to the present, been strenuously combatted by the German Government.\n\nDoes your Lordship sanction my taking sides with my French colleague?\n\n## No. 24.\n\nSir E. Monson to the Marquess of Lansdowne.—(Received October 28.)\n\n**(No. 561.)**\n\nParis, October 27, 1903.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Lordship's despatch No. 520 of the 21st October, and to inclose copy of a note which, in accordance with your Lordship's instructions, I have addressed to M. Delcassé with regard to the respective jurisdictions of the Mixed Courts of the International and French Settlements at Shanghae.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) \n**EDMUND MONSON**.\n\n### No. 22.\n\nThe Marquess of Lansdowne to Sir E. Satow.\n\n**(No. 174.) (Telegraphic.) P.**\n\nForeign Office, October 26, 1903.\n\n**TIEN-TSIN-CHINKIANG Railway**. British and Chinese Corporation express surprise at the alleged desire of the German group to separate their interests from those of the British group, as reported in your telegram No. 239 of the 20th October.\n\nThe Corporation have promised us an early statement of their views which we are now awaiting.\n\nThey have had no communication from the German group since the Conference held in Berlin in March last when it was arranged to continue the partnership.\n\n**(Confidential.)**\n\n### No. 23.\n\nForeign Office to Treasury.\n\nForeign Office, October 27, 1903.\n\nWITH reference to your letter of the 3rd instant, I am directed by the Marquess of Lansdowne to transmit to you copy of a telegram which has been received from His Majesty's Minister at Peking, in which Sir E. Satow requests permission to act with his French colleague who has been authorized, in the event of the proposal put forward by the Belgian Minister with regard to the Chinese indemnity being accepted by the Powers, to forego the interest on the difference between gold and silver payments.\n\nIt will be remembered that the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury sanctioned the remission of interest on annual differences between the sums paid by the Chinese Government and those properly due by them under the Protocol in connection with the proposal that the payment of the British instalments of the indemnity should be accepted on a silver basis up to 1910.\n\nLord Lansdowne proposes, if the Lords Commissioners concur, to approve Sir E. Satow's acting with the French Minister in the matter, and he would be glad if he could be favoured with their Lordship's views on the subject at the earliest possible date.\n\nI am, &c. \n(Signed) \n**F. A. CAMPBELL**.\n\n**M. le Ministre,**\n\n### Inclosure in No. 24.\n\nSir E. Monson to M. Delcassé.\n\nParis, October 26, 1903.\n\nI AM in receipt of a despatch from His Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs calling my attention to the fact that the Provisional Rules which were drawn up in the summer of 1902 by the British, French, and German Consular officers at Shanghae for defining the respective jurisdictions of the Mixed Courts of the International and French Settlements at that port, have remained in force up to the present time, but that they have never been considered satisfactory, and that they were accepted, as their title implies, only as a modus vivendi until a definite arrangement could be arrived at.\n\nAs matters now stand, the British Minister at Peking reports that the French Consul-General at Shanghae has declared himself unable to send an Assessor to the Mixed Court in the International Settlement, and denies the right of other nationalities to send Assessors to the Mixed Court in the French Settlement, in which only the French Assessor sits with the Chinese Magistrate.\n\nSince the Provisional Rules with regard to the jurisdiction of the two Courts were agreed to, a Committee consisting of the British, German, and United States' Ministers at Peking, have been intrusted by the Diplomatic Body in that capital with the task of preparing a draft of amendments to the Rules of Procedure of the Mixed Court in the International Settlement, and the final draft prepared by this Committee was presented to the Diplomatic Representatives for their approval, and accepted by all except the French Minister, who stated that he had asked his Government for instructions in the matter.\n\nIn June last Mr. Townley, His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires, reported that M. Dubail was still without instructions.\n\nM. Dubail expressed to Mr. Townley the opinion that the present arrangement would work very well if properly applied. Experience has, however, shown that difficulties have frequently arisen, and in the opinion of His Majesty's Acting Consul-General at Shanghae, friction between the authorities of the two Settlements is certain to occur as long as the present conditions continue.\n\nI am accordingly instructed to state to your Excellency that, although it would no doubt be advisable that all details with regard to procedure should be settled locally, His Majesty's Government trust that the French Government will see their way to send instructions to the effect that the two Courts in the Settlements should be placed on an equal footing, that when a Frenchman is concerned in a case in the International Settlement a French Assessor should be present, and that, similarly, when a foreigner of any other nationality is interested in a case in the French Settlement, an Assessor of that nationality should be present, all cases being tried in the Court of the Settlement in which the defendant resides.\n\nI am at the same time to point out that the Provisional Regulations now being acted upon at Shanghae were, as already stated, only adopted as a temporary measure pending a definite Settlement.\n\nI have, &c. \n(Signed) \n**EDMUND MONSON**.\n\nPage 550 \n[1688]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 422778, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "page_number": 181, "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909", "content_text": "# 179 \n## 128 \n\nThe Prefet called in the afternoon, regretted not having made any preparations for me, and begged me to go and stay at the yamên, as he said, previous English travellers had done. I refused the invitation. He said that of ten people here, six were Turkis, three Mahommedan Chinese, and only one ordinary Chinese; he added that there were always troubles and squabbles. He said that Russian subjects were dealt with by the Consul, but that in the case of \"mixed troubles\" there was a \"mixed Court,\" at which he and the Consul sat as Assessors. He said that there were thousands of Russian subjects, and that the Russian authorities wanted to get rid of these, and give them back to the Chinese who did not want them.\n\n## 27 \n\nThe Prefet is an amiable old man of 70 with many years' service in Guchen, Urumtsi, and here.\n\nThe population seems merry and friendly, but looked awkward customers to quarrel with. It is difficult to find a Chinese-speaking man in the streets, and equally hard to find a Chinese shop, for these are hidden away among the Moslem ones like needles in hay.\n\nThere are many mosques, and to them people were flocking all day.\n\nIn the afternoon I called on the two Roman Catholic priests (Lazarists of the Ordos Belgian Mission), whose station is situated to the north of the inn on rising ground. Poor people, their labours do not meet with the success they deserve, for after twenty-five years' work, the mission has but 200 adherents; there are none among the Moslems, for these have a religion of their own already; the only adherents are among the Chinese, a small and ever-changing population. The time must hang heavy on their hands, and to remedy this, the one gives lessons in French, and the other in English to members of the Russian Bank. They have introduced here such fruit trees as the cherry, apple, from Tashkend; they also grow tobacco, and make their own wine; they confirmed the information respecting mutinous soldiery, and said they were very lawless, and there being no Chinese women took the Turki ones.\n\nOctober 28.-I called on the Taotai, and subsequently on the Prefet. The latter said there were 100 infantry here and 100 cavalry in Chüncheng. These are without any doubt of the old pattern. In Ningyuen they are so little en évidence, that I have not seen a single one, nor even a policeman in the streets.\n\nI lunched at the Consulate to-day; the Consul subsequently very kindly introduced me to the Manager of the Russian Bank.\n\nDuring the day settled the question of the return to Peking of my Chinese servants, and decided to send two across Chinese Central Asia, and to take the other one with me across Russian territory to Omsk, and to send him back to Peking by the Siberian Railway. The first two were confided to the charge of the Chinese authorities, who undertook to furnish the latter with the necessary passport to be viséed by the Russian Consulate.\n\nOctober 29.--A Solon Manchu was lunching to-day at the Consulate; he had come over from Hsincheng on business from the Chiangchun. He spoke Russian fluently and is distinctly Russophile. His son is being educated at Vierny.\n\nThe interesting Turkish festival of the scramble on horseback for a lamb took place to-day in the country. At this game whoever secures the largest piece gets a prize in money from the yamên.\n\nThe Russian post leaves once a-week. Letters take seventeen days to reach St. Petersburgh. I hired a Russian carriage during the day to take me as far as Djarkend (two days); I paid 43 roubles (41. 6s.)-an exorbitant price.\n\nI thought it best to have my passport viséed by the Consul, and this step proved highly useful.\n\n## Arrival at Kuldja \n\nThus was the goal which, in Peking in April, had seemed so very remote, reached, after a journey, including halts, of six months and three weeks--a journey by road during which over 4,000 miles had been covered by cart or camel.\n\nThe following is a Table of the approximate distances.\n\n| Place | Miles |\n| --- | --- |\n| Peking to Kalyan | 129 |\n| Kalgan to Kweihuncheng | 133 |\n| Kweihuacheng to Borobalgasson | 250 |\n| Borobalgasson to Ninghsia | 500 |\n| Ninghsia to Alashan and return | 195 |\n| Ninghsia to Kweihaacheng (north road) | 180 |\n| Kweibuacheng to Urga | 441 |\n| Urga to Uliassutai | 630 |\n| Uliassutai to Kobdo | 752 |\n| Kobdo to Altaishan | 242 |\n| Altaishan to Chugucbak | 191 |\n| Chuguchak to Shihu | 300 |\n| Hsihu to Ili (Suiding) | 1933 |\n| Ili to Old Kuldja | 2124 |\n| Total | 4,184 |\n\n## Education \n\nThe traveller in China cannot but be struck by the keen desire manifested both by official and other classes to learn English. This keenness has found expression in application to missionaries, and in the engagement of Japanese even as teachers, unsatisfactory though their services have often been. It seems to me that more might be done to encourage this keenness. The scheme of the Committee for the Education of Chinese in England is excellent, but it does not go far enough. It provides for the education in England only. The distances and cost, the dislike of the Chinese to leaving home and living among strangers, militate against any number of Chinese coming to England. English should therefore be taken to the Chinese, and for this purpose I would utilize the China Inland Mission. The members of this do already to a small extent teach English, but their time is perforce limited, as they are taken up with their own special work. They have long recognized that to reach the Chinese they must work through their bodies, and at most of the stations attempt to place some one with a knowledge of medical work. I would also place at each a man who would teach English. He would belong to the same class as that from which missionaries are chiefly drawn; he would not be a missionary. His time would be entirely devoted to teaching English. He would be \"attached\" to the mission because otherwise he could not reside in the interior, and he would accept any position as teacher of English in the local schools which the authorities might-and, from my own experience, frequently would-offer him.\n\nMy opinion is that thereby the cause of Christianity would grow, and this is a movement in which Great Britain should be deeply interested for the following reasons: That sooner or later China will adopt a national religion. The Chinese are long since tired of their idols, from whom they derive no satisfaction, and in their desire to imitate other countries they will, if not in our day, then in those of our children, adopt a religion. Is that to be Buddhist, Mahommedan, or Christian? My fear is that unless the latter missions make more headway the Mahommedan religion will fight its way to the front, and the British Empire could not but view the rise of a great Mahommedan Power in the Far East as having serious possible effects on India.\n\n## A Trade Suggestion \n\nIn order to trade in North Mongolia, a knowledge of Mongol is almost a necessity. Default of this, trustworthy Mongol-speaking Chinese could be utilized, and in any case these are a necessity for arranging with the caravan leaders for transit of wool, &c. While residence and trade at Urga seem forbidden; I understood that it was otherwise at Ulaissutari, Kobdo, Sharasumé, &c. At Urga there is one British firm, represented by a Dutchman, who works through the Russian Bank.\n\nBut, while trading in Mongolia presents some difficulties, there is one branch of business to which I beg to call attention, and which is neglected by the British mercantile community. Possibly it also presents difficulties, or perhaps it is considered too small a business and unremunerative. The Chinese shops everywhere are filled with cheap, gaudy Japanese goods, such as fans, caps, mirrors, bowls, trays, photos and frames, chopsticks, false jewellery, towels, boxes of various sizes, &c. The Chinese shops in Peking too are full of these things, and it is from there that they may find their way into the provinces and dependencies where they find a ready sale. I am no way an advocate of the making of cheap and nasty goods, but as the kind to which I refer are already turned out at home, and our bazaars are full of them, could not the trade be... \n\n`[2155 6-1]` \n2 L", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428180, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 105, "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "20\n\n2\n\nhowever much the Central Government may affect to disregard them, and the account received of the above assembly confirms the general impression that the strong local patriotism of these representative bodies will tend to weaken the authority of the Peking Government over the provinces. This authority is none too strong at present, and might well find itself in difficulties should it conflict with, for example, the assembly at Changsha, which, through its leading member, has declared its determination to secure the fullest advantage for Hunan, regardless apparently of the interests of the other provinces or of the Empire. By means of a body called the Political Association, the Hunan parliament has made it clear to the provincial authorities that it intends to be consulted on every question, whether political or municipal, and the Customs Taotai has informed His Majesty's consul that he dare not take any action which might promote foreign interests without the permission of this body, even if the foreign demand be strictly in accordance with treaty provisions. The association has already prevented the settlement of two cases, while the president of the parliament is taking the foremost place in the agitation against the foreign railway loan. There seems therefore reason to fear that, however distasteful in some respects the attitude of the provincial assemblies may prove to the Central Government, the latter may in future find themselves in the happy position of being enabled to produce parliamentary resolutions proving invincible local opposition to claims, however justified by treaty or equity, presented by foreign Governments.\n\nIt should be noted in this connection that the assembly at Nanking is providing for unceasing watchfulness over the action of the executive authorities by the permanent residence in the capital of a committee of twenty-five deputies who will act as a supervisory council when the assembly is not in session. The legation has as yet received no information as to whether any other assemblies have adopted this measure.\n\nEducational.\n\nThe following particulars concerning Tsingtao University may be of interest, as this institution is generally regarded as a successful effort on the part of the Germans towards meeting the wishes of the Chinese Government, and is often quoted with approval as against the scheme of Lord William Cecil to found a university for Chinese on what is described as Oxford and Cambridge lines.\n\nThe great feature of the university, and one on which the Chinese Government particularly insisted, is that religious instruction, of any kind whatever, is strictly prohibited. Chinese influence is further safeguarded by the stipulation which provides for the appointment by the Chinese authorities themselves not only of all Chinese teachers, but also of a Chinese Director of Studies, who is to be independent of the Head of the University. Both the Central Board of Education and the Shantung authorities will inspect the college from time to time, while the former will send a deputy to assist in holding the examinations. Students who, after completing their course, enter a Chinese university, are to receive official rank on the same terms as other students in China, but the degrees conferred by the Tsingtao University do not of themselves entitle the holders to official recognition.\n\nOn the whole it appears that the arrangement is by no means so favourable to the Germans as was at first supposed. The dual control involved by the appointment of an independent Chinese director is an awkward point; but more troublesome still will probably prove to be the stipulation that students who wish to enter official life must undergo the delay and expense of a second university course in China. The German press has raised vigorous protests against this clause, which certainly promises to hamper the institution. In spite, however, of the above concessions to Chinese pride, native opinion is very largely one of suspicion as to the German motives, and the wrong-headed ingenuity of the native press critics finds no difficulty in criticising the best-meant efforts to consider Chinese susceptibilities. Though, for example, native educational establishments have never been remarkable for studying the physical welfare of their pupils, one of the accusations hurled against the Germans is that they have of set purpose given bodily training no very prominent place in the curriculum, with the object of lowering the Chinese national physique.\n\nApart from the efforts of the Germans at Tsingtao, Shantung has for some time past been a scene of enthusiastic educational activity, but the province has lately suffered a keenly felt humiliation in that out of seventy students sent to Peking for examination not a single one qualified. This province therefore may probably not be allowed to send the four students to America, for which purpose a sum of 600,000 taels had been earmarked on behalf of Shantung out of the portion of the Boxer indemnity returned by the United States.\n\nAs regards the students who return to China after finishing their course of study in America, a native newspaper has recently published an attack on this class of young men, who, it states with some justice, are, on the whole, far from fulfilling expectations. They are accused of returning to China either notoriously idle and dissipated or imbued with an unscrupulous greed for dollars. The journal does not add, as well it might, that these students are in many cases characterised by that fatal conceit which proceeds from semi-education.\n\nJudicial.\n\nThe question has been raised both at Newchwang and Tientsin as to the rights of foreign consulates to be represented by an assessor in all mixed cases dealt with by the new tribunals known as Shen Pan Ting. This is no new question as far as the Tientsin court is concerned, where it had to all appearance been satisfactorily settled early in the current year, the British assessor being given a seat on the bench and exercising the right to intervene in the proceedings. The Taotai has recently, however, circularised the Tientsin consular body to the effect that the assessors must in future occupy seats behind the magistrate, and refrain from putting questions to, or receiving statements from, plaintiffs or defendants. In short, the procedure is to revert to what the Taotai, in words which recall the terms employed in Chinese documents when the foreigners were still officially \"barbarians,\" declares to have been the practice at the time the Shen Pan Ting was established, namely, that \"the Chinese magistrate alone carried out the examination and delivered judgment, after which the foreign assessor humbly took his departure.\" This statement can be proved incorrect by the records of His Majesty's consulate-general.\n\nPending settlement of this question cases will have to stand over at the Tientsin court even as in Newchwang, where the consular body have taken the matter up, and where His Majesty's consul still adheres to his attitude, reported in my last summary, of ignoring the Shen Pan Ting, and referring all cases to the Taotai himself for settlement. Judging from all accounts received, the Shen Pan Ting would appear to be, except for a few isolated instances of recovery of debts owing to foreigners by Chinese, a complete failure, according to the European standard of justice. Those tribunals are, however, in some respects a considerable improvement on the old Chinese system. The facts that the public are admitted into the courts and that reports of the decisions are inserted in the press act as a wholesome deterrent against injustice, while press criticisms not infrequently elicit from the magistrates letters of excuse or explanation similar to those which a certain well-known London periodical extorts from the victims of its \"Legal Pillory.\"\n\nAmongst the many improvements which the Government of Shantung are endeavouring to introduce, judicial reform is by no means the least important. It has often been said that the great obstacle to improvements in Chinese administration lies in the fact that in most cases reforms have to be carried into practice by unreformed officials; but in Shantung, at any rate, the governor seems to have realised that the establishment of new law courts ought to be conditional on the existence of a body of officials competent to administer the law and, if possible, uninfluenced by the corrupt traditions of the past. With this principle in view, the work of reorganising the provincial school of jurisprudence has been taken in hand in a manner which, if persisted in, may lead to good results, the axiom—not often considered in Chinese educational establishments—being laid down that only good salaries will attract good professors. It is to be hoped that the influence of the students passed out of this regenerated school will be strong enough to overcome the traditions of Chinese officialdom, and that the new Shantung courts will not share the fate of the Shen Pan Ting at Newchwang, which has already fallen from its original clean standard, and is now becoming notorious for the rapacity of its subordinate officials.\n\nFrontier Affairs.\n\nReports from Batang show that considerable military preparations are being pushed forward in that district, presumably with a view towards the subjection of some of the unruly tribes in the Tibetan marches of Szechuan. Great secrecy is observed by the local officials in regard to the Viceroy's plans, but the Batang\n\n3\n\nFRECO\n\n2765\n\n104", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429414, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 151, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "pays no taxes thereon; they are paid by the holder of the long-termed lease, i.e., the full term of the lease which the railway company can grant, originally eighty, now seventy-three years. In order to exercise the franchise a person must pay annual taxes in some form or other amounting to 10 roubles and must be the holder of a long-termed lease of land or houses of an assessed value of 1,500 roubles, or the holder of a short-termed lease of land or houses the annual rent of which is not less than 500 roubles.\n\nTaxation.--The incidence of taxation, excluding the imposts levied upon factories and commercial undertakings to which I shall refer presently, does not seem to be unduly heavy, and this will be the more apparent if a comparison is made with the principal taxes levied in the British concessions of Canton and Tien-tsin.\n\nLand Tax—Harbin: Improved or occupied land 4 per cent. of market value. Unimproved or unoccupied land 2 per cent. of market value.\n\nCanton: 25 dollars per lot.\n\nTien-tsin concession: 14 per cent. on value as assessed by two independent assessors.\n\nTien-tsin extension: 1 per cent. (actually 5/8 per cent.) on value as assessed by two independent assessors.\n\nThe ratepayers of the Tien-tsin extension recently agreed to the introduction of an additional tax of 1/4 per cent. on all undeveloped land, and it may be remarked that in Harbin it would require improved land of the value of 6,250 roubles to yield a tax of 25 roubles, the equivalent of 25 dollars per lot as charged in Canton.\n\nBuilding Tax—Harbin: 8 per cent. of the value of the building in relation to the net rental as explained earlier in this report.\n\nCanton and Tien-tsin appear to have no building tax; but in the former place a building permit costs 25 dollars.\n\nLodging or Apartment Tax.—For purposes of comparison, I contrast this tax with the rental assessments of Canton and Tien-tsin.\n\nHarbin 1/2 per cent.—10 per cent. as shown in the scale hereto attached.* This scale is, I understand, identical with that of St. Petersburgh. Property valued at 20,000 roubles and 300 roubles pays respectively 200 roubles and 5 roubles (corrected from original).\n\nCanton 5 per cent. on a moderately assessed rental. Property valued at 20,000 dollars and 800 dollars pays respectively 1,000 dollars and 15 dollars (values corrected).\n\nTien-tsin concession: 3 per cent. on rent as assessed by two independent assessors. Property valued at 20,000 dollars and 300 dollars pays respectively 600 dollars and 9 dollars.\n\nTien-tsin extension: 9 per cent. on rent as assessed by two independent assessors. Property valued at 20,000 dollars and 300 dollars pays respectively 1,800 dollars and 27 dollars.\n\nLicences. Taxes per annum.\n\nHarbin: Izvozchiks, 12 roubles; four-wheeled carriages, 12 roubles; two-wheeled carriages, 5 roubles; horses, 3 roubles; cycles, 3 roubles; goods carts, 6 roubles.\n\nCanton: Dogs, boats, and hotels, 10 dollars.\n\nTien-tsin: Jinrickshaws—private, 6 dollars; public, 12 dollars; trolleys and wheelbarrows, 18 taels; carriages, public and private, 24 dollars; dogs, 5 dollars; hotels and restaurants, from 60 dollars to 180 dollars.\n\nIn Harbin, hotels, restaurants, &c., are, as explained when considering the local taxes separately, included in establishments selling alcoholic liquors and taxed accordingly.\n\nAnnex 6 explains the system under which taxes are levied on factories and commercial undertakings. This system appears to be a very objectionable one, and to be calculated to open the way to the evils which are inherent in articles 3 and 8 of the Municipal Regulations for the South Manchurian Railway Settlements, copy of which was forwarded in Mr. Willis's despatch No. 42, of the 6th September last. As an example Messrs. Craig and Co., who were last year asked to pay a commercial or business tax of 200 roubles, were this year requested to contribute 1,500 roubles, having been placed among the first-class trading concerns. The method of classification would seem to be founded on an unsound and speculative basis, as I am informed by Messrs. Craig and Co. that the taxation committee had formulated their demand on information received from Russian and Chinese bean merchants, beans being Messrs. Craig and Co.'s chief business. It seems undeniable that a tax levied in this manner must lack consistency, and that to introduce an equitable rate and scale an examination of a firm's books would be necessary. Business taxes are imposed elsewhere in China, but the system of computation and collection is free from objection. Thus, in Canton, every firm pays an annual business tax of 50 dollars, and silk firms, which do the most valuable trade, pay 10 cents per bale of silk shipped from the concession, the first 500 bales being exempt as the tax thereon is considered as equivalent to, and as satisfied by, the business tax paid by the silk merchants in common with all other hongs. At Tien-tsin, again, in the concession, vessels putting their cargo on the bund pay bund rent amounting to 30 taels, and 35 taels per ten days for vessels of 1,000 and over 1,000 tons respectively. If, then, a business tax is a necessity in Harbin, it should be possible to devise a form of taxation to which legitimate exception could not be taken.\n\nThe Police.—The police force is under the control of the railway administration, and a yearly payment is, as previously explained, made by the municipality for the services rendered on its behalf. A very large part of the executive power of the town or municipal council appears to be entrusted to the police, and the same thing is noticeable in the regulations governing the administration of the Russian concession at Tien-tsin. They are not, apparently, a very satisfactory body of men, and are, it is said, like all Russian police, not clean-handed.\n\nThe Outstanding Account between the Railway Company and the Municipality.—The advance made by the railway company to the municipal administration, when the latter was initiated, was 60,000 roubles. Certain properties, such as land, buildings, slaughter-houses, and a fire station, with accessories, were handed over on the understanding that their value should be assessed and payment made in annual instalments of equal amounts beginning with the eleventh year of the council's tenure of office. The value of these properties, with the exception of the fire station, has not yet, I understand, been determined, and the exact indebtedness of the municipal administration is not known.\n\nEducational Establishments, &c.—Article 2 (h) of the 1907 regulations gives authority to the municipal administration to establish public educational institutions, libraries, museums, theatres, and other educational establishments—also to give support to private educational institutions. No institutions of this kind have been established, but a grant of 1,000 roubles has been given to the two commercial schools, boys and girls, which come under the control of the railway company, and one private establishment has applied for assistance which has not yet, however, been afforded.\n\nControl of the Regularity of Commercial Dealings, &c.—The powers of the municipal administration in these matters are fully set forth in article 2 (i) of the 1907 regulations. The authority given is obviously very extensive, and is, as far as foreigners are concerned, in certain respects entirely inadmissible.\n\nThe Work of the Municipal Administration.—It is yet, especially in the absence of full statistics, somewhat early to judge of the work of the municipal authorities. The police, as already stated, are under the control of the railway company. There are no municipal water works, and the drainage system is very defective. The roads are generally in a very bad state, and, when not covered with ice or frozen snow, are thick with dust or are, after a thaw or a fall of two hours' rain, veritable quagmires interspersed with ponds. To put them in proper order would cost a great deal of money, and in the Pristan would be attended with no little difficulty. In the Pristan, which lies low, water is in places found a few inches below the surface; the new town is high-lying, but is a straggling quarter, and the total length of roadway is great. The repair of roads and pavements is done by the landlords and householders; this does not make for uniformity or efficiency, and, as far as pavements are concerned, the best type is, with few exceptions, ordinary wooden boards. The chief difficulty with which the fire brigade has to contend is water; during the bitter winter all surface water is frozen for several months, and water for the use of the fire brigade is stored in towers and kept from freezing by heating. There are two of these towers in Pristan, and one in the new town; in the Pristan, also, the practice is, in case of necessity, to draw upon the public baths. There is no municipal electric light station, and both in the Pristan and in the new town the bulk of the power is obtained from three different institutions. The three new town stations are owned by private parties; in the Pristan two are also private concerns, and the third is the property of the railway company. Considerable improvement is being made this year in the matter of street-lighting, and it is to be hoped that this will tend towards the reduction of crime.\n\nThe foregoing statistics and remarks concerning the present system of municipal government, though by no means exhaustive, will, it is hoped, be sufficient to give a...\n\n[2893 e-1]\n\nD\n\n150", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 431743, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-377 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [5]", "page_number": 318, "title": "CO129-377 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [5]", "content_text": "# 309 \n\n0 \n\ni \n\nSolicitors for the Lessees, for the first time suggested an amendment of Section 12 of the original Ordinance to include back section holders; the suggestion was not adopted and on 7th November 1910 Messrs. Deacon, Looker & Deacon first put forward a claim in respect of the alteration of the level of Reclamation Street.\n\n## 25. \n\nHis Excellency the Governor had from the beginning demurred to the provision constituting him sole arbiter of the amount of compensation, but the precedent of the Praya Reclamation Ordinance, 1889, was pressed upon him and he consented. Subsequently, however, His Excellency renewed his objection on the ground that he had himself sanctioned or approved each step taken and directed the Attorney General to draft an amendment substituting one of the judges for himself.\n\nThe amending bill was read a first time and gazetted on the 24th February 1911.\n\n## 26. \nMessrs. Deacon, Looker & Deacon then wrote in (8th March 1911) pressing for an amendment of Section 12 so as to include back sections and compensation for alteration of levels: their request was refused by the Colonial Secretary on the grounds given in his letter to them of the 18th March 1911.\n\n## 27. \n\nOn the 9th March 1911 the amending Bill was left in Committee, and an unofficial member, Hon. Mr. E. Osborne, apparently on his own initiative, suggested an amendment empowering the Judge to sit with Assessors. This amendment was opposed by the Attorney General and rejected.\n\n## 28. \n\nThe reasons for the Attorney General's opposition to the amendment were \n| Reason | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | that the amendment was unnecessary: |\n| (2) | that it was impracticable in view of the fact that | \n-7-", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-377 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [5].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 433231, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-380 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [9-10]", "page_number": 216, "title": "CO129-380 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [9-10]", "content_text": "# N° 344\n\nSir,\n\n**C O 34933 Acc Rest 30 OCT 1!**\n\nGOVERNMENT HOUSE, \nHONGKONG, 3rd October, 1911.\n\n212 \nYou 90630 \n\nWith reference to your Despatch No. 209 of the 14th of last July, I have the honour to forward copies of a letter to your address which I have received from Messrs. Deacon, Looker and Deacon and of the correspondence enclosed.\n\nWith regard to the question of Assessors referred to in paragraph 4 of Messrs. Deacon, Looker and Deacon's letter of the 15th ultimo, I would refer you to paragraph 28 of Mr. F. B. L. Bowley's memorandum of the 2nd of last May, forwarded under cover of my Despatch No. 214 of the 31st of last May from which you will see that in this case it was impossible to appoint Assessors who would be semi-judicial and impartial assistants to the Court and not declared and paid partisans, acting as secret witnesses and advocates.\n\nThe proposal to appoint Assessors was indeed originally approved conditionally by myself in Committee on the Bill, and was only withdrawn on account of this circumstance explained in Mr. Bowley's Memorandum. I would also point out in this connection that the original Bill (39 of 1909) vested absolute finality in the award of the Governor, (on the analogy \n\n**THE RIGHT HONOURABLE** \nLIVIS HARCOURT, M.P., \n&c... &c..", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-380 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [9-10].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 435086, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 500, "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "## 2\n\nNormal conditions are reported to prevail at Nanking, though from time to time prominent persons receive letters threatening a rising with the object of exterminating the Manchus. The modern troops have all been rearmed and the city is no longer patrolled.\n\nA sign of the emancipation of women which is silently proceeding in China was manifested in a meeting of the \"Women's Association for Fostering National Resources\" which was held in October in the exhibition grounds at Nanking. It was attended by over 1,000 persons of both sexes, and several ladies made speeches advocating extended use of native-made articles and deprecating the partiality of Chinese women for foreign goods, especially jewellery, tobacco, and wines.\n\nAt Chinkiang a disturbance occurred in December owing to the municipality unwisely attempting to disturb ancient custom and oblige native water carriers to draw water at the municipal pump station instead of the river front. The motor pump broke down, and a hostile crowd invaded the concession. Serious consequences were, however, averted by timely reversion to the old system in agreement with the local authorities.\n\nIt was mentioned in the previous summary that parts of northern Kiangsu and Anhui had suffered greatly from floods. Large numbers of starving refugees have begged their way south to Chinkiang, Kiukiang, and Wuhu. The affected regions are that part of Anhui which lies north of the Huai River and the adjoining districts of Kiangsu. The Grand Canal on the east, the Huai and Ko Rivers on the south and on the west approximately mark the boundaries of the worst part of the famine area. In some 7,000 square miles the autumn crops were a total failure, and only about half the usual amount of wheat land could be sown for the spring crops. The population is entirely agricultural and is estimated at 3,000,000. Troops were moved to the distressed region to preserve order and suppress brigandage.\n\nShantung, generally considered a poor province, owing to its arid climate, also suffered from rains far in excess of the average, and all low-lying lands were swamped. In addition to this calamity, the Yellow River burst its banks in the Li Ching district, and caused more damage than has occurred there for the last six years.\n\nHis Majesty's consul at Hangchow reports that the native press has shown less animosity towards foreigners, but the attitude of the officials remains unfriendly. Piracies on junks carrying foreign goods along the coast have occurred repeatedly during the year, and their recurrence at short intervals in the same neighbourhood shows that very little energy is displayed by the officials to check them. In Amoy city robberies increased to such an extent that the question was discussed in the Provincial Assembly and special measures were taken. More police were engaged, and a proclamation was issued that shops were to close at midnight. A proposal to institute water police to be paid for by a tax on passengers on steam launches fell through, as the launch owners asserted that their passengers refused to pay the tax.\n\nThe Kwangtung Provincial Government have experienced difficulties in carrying out the census in outlying districts owing to the suspicions of the ignorant natives, who fear that it foreshadows increased taxation. Several small outbreaks occurred, the most serious being at Lien-Chou, where the mob attacked certain houses and subsequently demolished the schools and houses of foreign missionaries. No lives were lost and no British interests were involved.\n\nSome alarm was occasioned at Macao at the end of November by a trifling military disturbance. The affair was magnified by the Chinese of the adjoining district of Hsiang-shan with a view to inducing the Chinese Government to descend on the Portuguese colony with armed forces under the pretext of protecting Chinese lives and property. Six Chinese gun-boats were rumoured to have entered the harbour and large bodies of Chinese troops to have camped near the frontier, and two British gun-boats were actually dispatched to Macao to safeguard British interests. They found the Chinese gun-boats anchored outside the harbour limits and failed to verify the reported movements of Chinese troops. Nothing occurred, and His Majesty's ships were withdrawn a fortnight later.\n\nHis Majesty's consul at Kiungchow reports that the local Self-Government Society is showing signs of a growing spirit of independence and an increasing disregard of proper authority. A newly arrived and unpopular magistrate was mobbed in the streets of Kiungchow and his chair was broken to pieces. A report from Pakhoi states that the circuit of Ch'in Lien, on the Tonquin border, formerly noted for the depredations of robber bands, has been entirely pacified and the district is being regenerated by a patriotic, intelligent, and energetic official named Taotai Kuo Jen-chang. Draft regulations for the better preservation of order on the frontier, drawn up by the Viceroy of Liang Kuang, the Viceroy of Yunnan, and the Board of Foreign Affairs has been submitted to the French Minister, whose modifications have been sent to the above-mentioned taotai for annotation.\n\nHis Majesty's consul at Wuchow reports the occurrence of no less than ninety cases of robbery and piracy during the quarter. The worst case was the looting of the market, pawnshops, and forty-one houses at Yang-So, in Ping-lo-fu. There were several skirmishes between the soldiers and the robbers, but they eventually effected their escape. His Majesty's consul-general at Yunnan-fu reports the murder of a French missionary, the Rev. Father Mérigot, by Chinese at a place called Ching-yü, in Yung-pei Ting, north of the Yang-tsze. A dispute about land is supposed to have been the cause of the attack.\n\n## Provincial Assemblies and Self-government Societies\n\nThe organisation of local self-government societies was carried on during the quarter in Hupei, but the general public showed no signs of active interest in them. Even the regular sittings of the provincial assembly were rarely attended by more than half its members. The general impression seems to prevail that the assembly is too much concerned with questions of personal interest to its members and to similar bodies in other provinces. One successful motion, however, put an end to the custom of purchasing supplies for yamên use at official rates, a practice that was detrimental to petty market dealers. The assembly lacks a proper sense of the need for economy, and expensive schemes of development of communications, education, famine prevention, &c., are freely advocated.\n\nIn September elections were held for the Nanking Self-Government Society and much dissatisfaction was expressed at the manner in which they were conducted by the two responsible officials. According to the native press many self-government societies have been constituted in the Soochow district and the delegates have met and deliberated upon a variety of matters such as come within the sphere of municipal bodies in England. The Provincial Assembly commented on the progress made in this direction in the Soochow district as compared with the apathy displayed by the officials in the portion of the province administered from Nanking.\n\n## Reforms\n\n### Judicial\n\nThe intelligence reports from His Majesty's consuls indicate that active steps are being taken in several provinces to introduce the new judicial system advocated by the Committee of Constitutional Reform. In the revised programme published in January it is laid down that shenpantings of all grades shall be established in 1912. More or less complete steps towards the new system are reported by the provinces of Kiangsu, Honan, Hupei, Kuangsi, Shantung, Chekiang, Fukien, Szechuan, and Fengtien, and His Majesty's consuls state that courts are being built or new law officers appointed at Chengtu, Chungking, Ichang, Tsinan, Tsinan settlement, Chefoo, Hangchow settlement, Ningpo, Wenchow, and Wuchow.\n\nThe main feature of the new system is the complete separation of the judicial from the administrative and executive powers. It deprives the provincial officials of a great weapon of authority and fertile source of revenue, while it creates a new class of officials under the direct orders of the Board of Justice in Peking and independent of the provincial authorities. The change can only be distasteful to the latter who will be ready to criticise the parallel position of the new law officers as well as their work. The future alone can show whether the people will benefit and whether Chinese justice will be any less venal or more real than it was under the old system.\n\nThe prominent position given in the introduction of judicial reform to the opening of shenpantings in the open ports suggests that one of its main objects is to deal with international cases, and experience of the sheupanting at Tien-tsin shows that foreign interests are likely to be seriously affected. Every effort will probably be made to deny to foreign consular officials their treaty right effectually to watch proceedings in court, sitting as assessors and intervening on behalf of the foreign plaintiff when necessary. From this point of view the new system may be regarded as an attempt to... \n\nPage 495", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 476757, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-448 - Governor Sir May - 1918 [4-6]", "page_number": 573, "title": "CO129-448 - Governor Sir May - 1918 [4-6]", "content_text": "# HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\nThe **ATTORNEY-GENERAL** Government do not consider that men must be obtained at all costs, because the bill itself recognises that the essential interests of the Colony must for Imperial reasons be protected, and to say that the policy of the bill is to obtain men at all costs is not to represent it correctly. It is also not true that the Government consider that the days for the protection of trade are passed, because they propose to protect the essential elements of trade. But the days have changed, and the need for men is so great, as your Excellency has said, that there must be some change in the standard. It is impossible to keep to the old standard of maintenance of trade as it existed a year or two or three years ago. I only want to point out that the Government do not say that men must be obtained at any cost or that trade must not be protected. But they do say that only the essential elements of that trade must be protected in view of the very urgent need of the Empire for more men.\n\n## Debate on Amendment\n\n**HON. MR. HOLYOAK**-I must press the amendment because it represents the very strong view of the Chamber of Commerce. You cannot separate Hongkong from Shanghai, or Hankow or Canton. We are interwoven, body, continually corresponding, and in many cases the head of the business is here. Therefore, you cannot separate British trade in China, as it is inseparably bound up with Hongkong, and to ignore that would be fatal to British interests.\n\n**HON. MR. LANDALE**-I think, Sir, you touched on one of the vital points when you referred to the transfer of men. The transfer of men to and from Hongkong is just one of the things we wish covered; otherwise, it would make it impossible to control a large business from Hongkong.\n\n**H.E. THE GOVERNOR** We recognise that trade in China controlled from here is one of our essential interests. Really, gentlemen, we might talk around the subject for a week and not be able to get any more satisfactory definition than that which stands in the Bill. As I said before, that is why we have this Tribunal, in order to arrive at an understanding on what are the essential interests of the trade of Hongkong. I regret that I cannot accept the amendment. I think it is too wide. How could any man say what number of men in Hongkong is required for the essential British trade interests in the Far East! It is tremendously wide. An argument might be put forward based on trade in Newchwang, with which we might have nothing whatever to do.\n\n**HON. MR. SHELLIM**-Would you add the words \"essential trade interests controlled from the Colony?\" These are the exact words used by your Excellency.\n\n**H.E. THE GOVERNOR**-It is not necessary to put those words into the Bill. As I say, when the Government solemnly undertakes to interpret the phrase in a certain way, that is as good as its being brought into the Bill. We laid down the form when we included in the term \"essential interests\" the essential trade interests and trade in China controlled from Hongkong. It is not necessary to put that into the Bill.\n\n**HON. MR. HOLYOAK**-The Chamber of Commerce discussed this in Committee at very considerable length and passed a resolution unanimously that they wished these words in the Bill. If your Excellency refuses to include them, I have nothing further to say except that your Excellency places your wisdom above that of the Chamber of Commerce Committee on a matter of trade, and I regret that I must press for a division.\n\n**H.E. THE GOVERNOR** The amendment is too wide altogether. You wish to divide?\n\n**HON. MR. HOLYOAK**-Yes.\n\nA division was taken, and the amendment was lost, all the unofficial members voting for it.\n\n**HON. MR. HOLYOAK**-I must protest against the use of the official majority against what is, from the leading merchants of the Colony, a specialised opinion to defeat their unanimous wishes. It is not as though this matter had not been brought forward without due consideration, nor as if we had not seriously considered it.\n\n**THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL**-Is the hon. member in order in discussing an amendment which has been passed?\n\n**H.E. THE GOVERNOR**-The amendment is lost.\n\n## New Clause Added\n\nOn the motion of the **Attorney-General**, the following new clause, No. 16, was added:\n\n| Clause | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | It shall be lawful for the Governor to appoint three persons, two of whom shall be commercial men, to act as Assessors upon appeals to the Governor in Council under the provisions of this Ordinance. |\n| (2) | Every such assessor shall, during his tenure of office as such assessor, be entitled to be present at all proceedings whatsoever in any such appeal. |\n\n## Third Reading\n\n**H.E. THE GOVERNOR**-The member must give us some credit for having experience in drafting a Bill, for seeing the danger of adding lightly new words which may lead us into unforeseen depths. I would ask the honourable member, after the assurance given on the first reading of this Bill and the explanation given at this meeting, to accept the third reading without a division.\n\n**HON. MR. POLLOCK**-I think we ought to divide on the third reading.\n\nA division was then taken- All the unofficial members voted against the third reading, with the exception of the **Hon. Mr. Lau Chu Pak**.\n\n**THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL** moved that the Bill be read a third time.\n\nWhen the question was put to the **Hon. Mr. Lau Chu Pak**, he asked if it referred to the Bill as a whole, and being informed that it did, he gave his vote in the affirmative.\n\n**HON. MR. HOLYOAK**-I challenge a division on this.\n\n**H.E. THE GOVERNOR**-I should be sorry if this Bill were not passed unanimously. I think that the subject is a difficult one, but I think many of the difficulties of which the Chamber of Commerce is afraid will disappear when we come face to face with the problems.\n\n**HON. MR. HOLYOAK**-What we want is protection in the Bill, Sir.\n\nThe Bill was then read a third time and passed.\n\n**H.E. THE GOVERNOR** There is no further business. The Council stands adjourned sine die. I wish to thank honourable members for the patient consideration they have given to this Bill. I am quite certain that the legislation we have just passed will result in no inconsiderable addition to the fine contribution in manhood that the Colony has already made to H.M's. Army, and that the operation of this Ordinance will redound to the credit of this Colony.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-448 - Governor Sir May - 1918 [4-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489230, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 378, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "## VII. NOTIFICATION TO THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS\n\n17. In accordance with Article 18 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, it is necessary to register the arrangements concluded with foreign Governments with the League Secretariat, and on receipt of the replies of the Government concerned, as contemplated in paragraph 8 of this despatch, His Majesty's Government will take immediate steps to communicate to the Secretariat of the League the various agreements entered into with a view to their registration in due form.\n\n## VIII. SPECIAL POSITION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AS A MANUFACTURING COUNTRY IN REGARD TO THE EXPORT OF LEGITIMATE MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS MADE WITH MATERIALS IMPORTED FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM\n\n18. A difficulty has arisen in the United States owing to the practical impossibility of distinguishing between manufactured articles in which imported British and purely American materials have been used.\n\n19. It is under discussion whether or not a concession should be made in the case of manufacturing countries if an efficient control is exercised over their exports by their domestic legislation, and if the same principles as have been adopted by His Majesty's Government are applied, viz., that export will only be allowed where it can be shown that it is for legitimate medical and scientific purposes. In such cases it is possible that His Majesty's Government may feel justified in waiving or modifying the re-export clause for drugs consigned direct to manufacturing chemists and certified to be required for manufacturing purposes.\n\n## IX. MEETING OF THE ASSEMBLY OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS\n\n20. A copy is attached of a memorandum prepared for the use of the British representatives at the Meeting of the Assembly of the League of Nations at Geneva last autumn, recording the history of the progressive control of the drug traffic and stating the present position as affected by the action taken by His Majesty's Government since their signature of the Opium Convention of 1912.\n\n21. At this meeting it was decided that an Advisory Committee should be appointed which will consider the whole question of the arrangements for international co-operation in regard to the control of the drug traffic.\n\n* Confidential Print: Opium.\" November 8, 1920, Section 1.\n\n22. The resolution adopted by the Assembly was as follows:-\n\nThat, having regard to the duty placed on the League by Article 23 of the Covenant to supervise the execution of arrangements with regard to the traffic in opium and other dangerous drugs, the Assembly concurs with the Netherlands Government in its view that it will be preferable for the League to undertake the duties placed upon the Netherlands Government by the Opium Convention with regard to the collection of data and dealing with disputes;\n\nThat, for this purpose and for the purpose of enabling the League to exercise its general supervision over the execution of arrangements with regard to this traffic, the Secretariat of the League is entrusted with the duty of collecting information as to the arrangements made in the various countries for carrying out the Opium Convention, the production, distribution and consumption of the drugs and other necessary data;\n\nThat, in order to secure the fullest possible co-operation between the various countries in regard to the matter, and to assist and advise the Council in dealing with any questions that may arise, an Advisory Committee be appointed by the Council, which shall include representatives of the countries chiefly concerned, in particular, Holland, Great Britain, France, India, Japan, China, Siam, Portugal, and shall, subject to the general directions of the Council, meet at such times as may be found desirable;\n\nThat, in view of the importance of the co-operation of States which have ratified or may hereafter ratify the Opium Convention, but which are not yet members of the League, the Netherlands Government be requested to invite their concurrence and co-operation in the arrangements indicated above; and that in the event of such concurrence being given, the Council be authorised to add to the Advisory Committee, in the capacity of member or assessor, a representative of any such country which is specially concerned in the traffic, and that a special invitation be addressed to the United States of America;\n\nThat the Council be authorised, if and when they think it necessary, to add as assessors to the committee not more than three persons, not representatives of Governments, having special knowledge of the question; and that the travelling expenses and allowances of such members shall be paid out of the funds of the League;\n\nThat the Advisory Committee shall, three months before the beginning of every session of the Assembly, present to the Council, for submission to the Assembly, a report on all matters regarding the execution of agreements with regard to the traffic in opium and other dangerous drugs;\n\nThat the Assembly welcomes the action of the Netherlands Government in endeavouring to secure the signature and ratification of the Opium Convention by countries which have not yet done so, and invites it to inform the Secretariat of the League of the results of its action.\n\nI am,\n\nwith great truth, Sir,\n\nYour most obedient,\n\nhumble Servant, **CURZON OF KEDLESTON**.\n\nPage 376", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489351, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 499, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "496 \n\n20 \n\nIt was, therefore, somewhat with a feeling of dismay that the first communication we received giving the actual terms of renewal stated that buildings were to be included, though only to half their value. These terms were learnt in Tien-tsin nearly seven years after the Government committee had visited our port, on the 9th July last year, since when we have been waiting in vain for the Government's further proposals for the practical application of the scheme as outlined. As far as Tien-tsin is concerned, we have not up to the present thought fit to fight the inclusion of the building values, realising that the main thing was to get the actual terms settled in order that the development of the concession may no longer be retarded to the advantage of other national concessions. \n\nDuring the past fifteen months, urgent communications have been addressed to His Majesty's Government requesting a decision in the matter. These communications have gone from the British Chamber of Commerce, the British Municipal Council, and from various land-renters. What is the position to-day? After waiting seven years, we are still without practical proposals. All we are told is that Mr. C. S. Simpson, of His Majesty's Board of Works, is being sent to China to make a valuation of the buildings. We have asked for bread and we are given a stone. It is stated that Mr. Simpson will probably take about a year to complete his task, and he has no authority to do anything more. It is absolutely incomprehensible why the Government have chosen to ignore the means available to them out here to obtain all the information that they should require. Land values are fixed from time to time by municipal assessors and were submitted to the official representing the Treasury in 1913. Records are in existence in regard to all buildings that have been erected for years past. In the meantime, landholders are naturally very chary of putting up new and extensive buildings for which payment may be exacted by the Government. \n\n\n## THE SHAW CASE OFFICIAL STATEMENT OF ASSOCIATION'S VIEWS \n\nAt the conclusion of the conference on Saturday, the 6th November, Mr. A. W. Burkill, chairman, said :-- \n\nIn my opening address on Wednesday last, I made a short reference to the case of Mr. G. L. Shaw, and stated that I would deal with this to-day. You will all appreciate that a question of such a political nature as the case of Mr. G. L. Shaw cannot be discussed when His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires is present at our conference. As, however, Mr. Clive has had to return to Peking this morning, I am at liberty publicly to state the views of this Association of British Chambers of Commerce in China and Hong Kong towards Japan and her policy. \n\nI will, however, first deal with the case of Mr. Shaw. I think it may be useful if I recall the facts. These have reached us from time to time in somewhat distorted form, and it is only recently that we have learnt the whole truth. \n\nMr. Shaw has carried on business as a merchant in Antung for a number of years. Antung is adjacent to the Korean frontier, and he was the only British merchant in that part of Manchuria. In addition to his own business, he acted as agent for two of the biggest British merchant firms in Shanghai. He was an active and energetic associate member of the British Chamber of Commerce here, was respected by the Chinese in Manchuria, and by all who had business dealings with him, as a patriot who had been indefatigable in supporting Allied aims during the war. At the beginning of this year, there were rumours that the Japanese had had trouble with Mr. Shaw and had alleged that the ships for which he acted as agent were being used to convey Korean malcontents from Shanghai to Korea. Early in the summer, these complaints occurred again, and I understand that the British consul from Mukden visited Antung at the end of June in order to ascertain the truth about these reports and to advise Mr. Shaw not to interfere between Japanese and Koreans. Care was taken to point out to everyone concerned in Antung that the British courts were available if there was any actual charge against him. No charges were in fact forthcoming, and Mr. Shaw's family was therefore greatly disturbed when only a fortnight later he was suddenly arrested by the Japanese just inside the Korean frontier. He was then charged with being in Korea without a passport. His house in Antung was picketed by Japanese police, and he was placed in solitary confinement in a Japanese prison. Various charges have been urged against him from time to time, that he was in Korea without a passport, that he allowed Korean malcontents, carrying arms and explosives, to leave Shanghai for Korea on his ships, ships, be it noted, for which he was merely the agent in Antung and over whose crew, cargo, or passengers he could exercise no control while they were loading in Shanghai. At Antung, the customs is staffed almost entirely by Japanese, and we may safely assume that they would not allow Korean malcontents to land arms or explosives from any ship, whether Mr. Shaw's or anybody else's. With regard to the charge of harbouring Korean malcontents, we have no information, but many worthy people in all countries harbour discontented subjects of other countries and even show their sympathy for them in more practical form, but such sympathy has never yet been regarded as a crime for which a person can be indicted. \n\nOn what grounds, therefore, did the Japanese authorities arrest Mr. Shaw and keep him in prison? So far as we can ascertain, they have never brought him to trial, and we can only therefore judge the grounds of their complaint from the inspired communiqués which have appeared in the Japanese press. The nature of these complaints I have indicated above. They have amounted to an assertion that Mr. Shaw was in the habit of befriending and assisting disaffected Koreans. The Japanese authorities claim that this amounts to plotting against the safety of the State. I am given to understand that a legal point of some interest is involved in the Japanese authorities' attitude towards Mr. Shaw, namely, whether the State has the power to try the subject of another State for an offence committed outside its own border and its own jurisdiction. It appears that the practice of various countries differs on this point. Some continental countries, including France and Germany, hold that they have the right to try such offenders if once they place themselves within jurisdiction. Great Britain and America claim no such right, which indeed appears to be repugnant to Anglo-Saxon tradition. \n\nMr. Shaw was arrested in Korea and imprisoned in a Japanese gaol for an offence alleged to have been committed in China, where Mr. Shaw was living within the jurisdiction of the British courts. Had Mr. Shaw been brought to trial immediately and the charges against him openly proved, we should probably have heard very little of these fine points of international law practice. But Mr. Shaw was kept in prison for four months during all the heat of summer, was cut off from communication with his friends, and was never brought to trial on any charges whatever. \n\n\"Gentlemen, I think I am putting it moderately, when I say that we cannot regard that as a conciliatory act on the part of the Japanese Government. Mr. Shaw is one of our associate members and has been a bulwark of British commerce in Antung. He had been an outspoken critic of Japanese methods in Manchuria whenever he believed that such methods constituted discrimination against British trade. Under these circumstances, it is not to be wondered at if a suspicion has arisen that that is his real offence in Japanese eyes. We received a telegram yesterday informing us that Mr. Shaw has been released on bail. I feel certain that I voice the opinion, not only of this conference, but also of the whole British community in the Far East when I say that that is not a satisfactory solution of, or termination to, the case.\" (Applause.) \n\nIf Mr. Shaw has committed any offence, let him be duly charged and brought to an open and speedy trial before a court of competent jurisdiction. If no charge can be brought against him, then British opinion will demand that he be amply compensated for the outrage that has been inflicted on him. \n\nGentlemen, I have dealt thus fully with the case of Mr. G. L. Shaw, as I deem the principle involved by his arrest of the greatest importance, and it is viewed with a grave feeling of apprehension by some of our affiliated Chambers. \n\n\"This association's views on Japanese attitude and policy in Tsingtao, and the obnoxious quarantine regulations imposed this summer, which appear to us to be economic weapons in disguise, have been fully dealt with recently, so I do not propose to touch on them again. \"I mention them, however, as taken in conjunction with our attitude on the Shaw case, it lays us open to the charge of being anti-Japanese; I would like to take this opportunity of stating publicly that we are not anti-Japanese in the sense that we are opposed to Japan's legitimate aspirations. We realise the vital character from her point of view of many of her aims, and we are perfectly willing that she should succeed and prosper in such aims. Both from a political and an economic standpoint, we see how much is to be gained from co-operation and compromise, and how much there is to lose from mutual jealousies and antagonisms. In a word, we want as far as possible to work with Japan and not against her. Whilst we wish this, indeed because we wish it, we are bound when we think that... \n\n[5815 e-3]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489812, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 303, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "# 302 \n\n## 2 \n\neasy route to Chinese markets. The good name of America was thus damaged by the actions of an unpatriotic few.\n\nChina is today facing a political crisis. The Central Government powerless before the lawless audacity of a handful of military leaders, or Tuchuns. These usurpers are playing fast and loose with the good name of China and utterly destroying the credit she had won through the energy and good faith with which she had carried out her obligations. These despots have ridden rough-shod alike over China's agreement with India and the still wider international obligations assumed by China at The Hague.\n\nIndia, in bitterness of spirit, assails China's insincerity and the flagrant breaking of her treaty. She asks, perhaps not unjustly, why India should sacrifice a much-needed revenue for the purpose of allowing China to control the opium market, which, unless China be checked in her downward course, is inevitable, as China's poppy cultivation can greatly exceed that of India. By underselling the Indian product she at once controls the world's market.\n\nThis is the menace.\n\nBut it must not be taken too seriously. China demonstrated her capacity when, in a few years, she practically wiped the poppy from her fields. With a stable Government her laws can once more be enforced and the will of her people be given expression, as it was in 1919, when the Government in Peking openly burned opium to the value of 15,000,000 dollars.\n\nThe Netherlands Government has turned over to the League of Nations the duties hitherto carried out by that Government, in so far as they relate to the Governments which are parties to the League. In February last a committee was appointed by the Assembly to advise the Council as to its future programme. This committee was composed of representatives from the eight countries particularly interested in the opium question - Great Britain, France, Holland, Portugal, China, Japan, Siam and India. To this committee were added three assessors or experts, chosen because of their knowledge of the subject and irrespective of nationality.\n\nAccording to article 595 of the Versailles Treaty, the signing of that treaty was equivalent to the signing of the protocol opened at The Hague. This refers to the signatory and belligerent Powers alone. The neutral and non-signatory Powers, however, having either signed or ratified the opium convention of 1912, being, therefore, still under the jurisdiction of the Netherlands Government, have been asked by that Government to fulfil their further obligations by signing the protocol at The Hague, which will bring them in line with the treaty Powers.\n\nAs for the recent meeting of the opium committee held in Geneva, there is a feeling that the League failed to take advantage of the great opportunity presented. The opium question is free from politics. It deals primarily with the welfare of humanity. And it was generally understood that the League would express specifically its intention of pressing this problem to its ultimate conclusion, irrespective of material interests involved. But there seemed to be a determined effort on the part of the majority of the committee to restrict the convention to a most rigid interpretation - to stick to the letter alone.\n\nIf the League is to take the responsibility of this great humanitarian movement, it should lose no time in stating definitely its position. The report of the committee was satisfactory so far as it went - but it must be frankly stated that the ground covered was extremely limited. In the final analysis there is but one solution to the opium problem - the suppression of the cultivation of the poppy save for medicinal purposes. The Hague Convention calls for legislation to restrict and regulate the trade, and no country has passed more rigid legislation than the United States. But no rules or regulations can protect a country from opium or its kindred drugs so long as the source of the trouble is not removed.\n\nThe Indian Government is prepared to abide by the strict letter of the convention, and agrees to prohibit the exportation of opium to countries which have laws against its importation, but it refuses to curtail its trade to countries accepting the drug. This means that opium inevitably makes its way through illicit channels to countries which prohibit, thus defeating the purpose of the convention of 1912.\n\nFor a hundred and fifty years opium has been a curse to humanity. It has all but undermined one of the greatest nations of the East - and, unless checked, presents a menace of increasing seriousness to the West. The opium monopolies of the East must be abandoned.\n\nThe giving up of slavery entailed great financial sacrifice. The Congress of Vienna in 1815 was the first to propose its abolition. It took, in America, an appalling civil war to accomplish the same end.\n\nBut Great Britain, at the same time, was working towards abolition.\n\nThe opium habit is worse than slavery. The drug should no longer be tolerated as a basis of revenue, an obsolete practice inherited from a primitive and unethical past. The opium problem presents to the League of Nations an extraordinary opportunity. If it can bring about its solution, that alone would justify its being. But it must be prepared to see it through to the end irrespective of material interests involved.\n\nIt is not necessary or desirable to pull down ruthlessly the financial structure of India or the colonies of the East, which at present rests upon this unwise source of revenue. But the principle of its eventual abolition must be accepted, and other means of raising revenue substituted. That opium is of incalculable value to humanity when legitimately used is undeniable. But, once released from these bounds, it becomes an instrument for immeasurable evil.\n\nThe opium-raising countries of the world today are India, Turkey, Persia and China. It is not just that the burden of sacrifice should fall alone upon the shoulders of India. Persia is already a party to the convention of 1912 - though with reservations. And Turkey, through the Treaty of Sèvres, must eventually submit to similar restrictions. China will do again what she has done before; public opinion there will demand this when she once more has a Government capable of enforcing laws. India, the best governed of all Eastern countries, can see her laws enforced at will. Therefore, with India rests the greatest responsibility of all.\n\nOpium should be placed on a plane with radium, as something of infinite worth to humanity, and of great monetary value. As the cultivation of the poppy is restricted to what is needed for medicinal use, the price must automatically ascend, and opium will still remain a large factor in the revenue of the East, but its value will be based on the legitimate need for it, not on its power to corrupt.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 490552, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-472 - Others - 1921", "page_number": 244, "title": "CO129-472 - Others - 1921", "content_text": "# 183. \n\n## Memorandum by the Secretary-General\n\nThe following are the Resolutions adopted by the Assembly with regard to the traffic in Opium:\n\n\"That having regard to the duty placed on the League by Article XXIII of the Covenant to supervise the situation of Arrangements with regard to the traffic in Opium and other dangerous drugs, the Assembly concurs with the Netherlands Government in its view that it will be preferable for the League to undertake the duties placed upon the Netherlands Government by the Opium Convention with regard to the collection of data and dealing with disputes:\n\n\"That for this purpose and for the purpose of enabling the League to maintain its general supervision over the execution of arrangements with regard to this traffic, the Secretariat of the League is entrusted with the duty of collecting information as to the arrangements made in the various countries for carrying out the Opium Convention, production, distribution and consumption of the drugs, and other necessary data:\n\n\"That in order to secure the fullest possible co-operation between the various countries in regard to the matter, and to assist and advise the Council in dealing with any questions that may arise, an Advisory Committee be appointed by the Council which shall include representatives of the countries chiefly concerned (particularly Britain, France, India, Japan, China, Siam, Portugal, and Holland), subject to the general directions of the Council, at such times as may be found desirable.\n\n\"In view of the importance of the co-operation of States which have ratified or may hereafter ratify the Opium Convention, but which are not yet Members of the League, the Netherlands Government be requested to invite their concurrence and co-operation in the arrangements indicated above, and that in the event of such concurrence being given, the Council be authorised to add to the Advisory Committee, in the capacity of Member or Assessor, a representative of any such country which is specially concerned in the Traffic, and that a special invitation be addressed to the United States of America.\n\n\"The Council be authorised, if and when they think it desirable, to add assessors to the Committee, not merely representatives of Governments, but persons with special knowledge of the question; and that the expenses and allowances of such members shall be paid out of the funds of the League.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-472 - Others - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 490554, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-472 - Others - 1921", "page_number": 246, "title": "CO129-472 - Others - 1921", "content_text": "243\n\nThe three Assessors should, if possible, have special knowledge of the traffic in opium.\n\nIt seems desirable that they should have special knowledge of it.\n\nIt is not essential, however, that all three Assessors should be nominated immediately, and further enquiries may be necessary in order to ascertain those best qualified to serve in this capacity.\n\n(a) Invitation to States non-members of the League.\n\nThe Resolutions of the Assembly provide that representatives of other States who are not members of the League may be invited to serve as the Advisory Committee, and that in such a case a special invitation shall be addressed to the United States of America. It does not, however, seem possible to issue such an invitation until the Government of the Netherlands has communicated with the U.S. Government and ascertained whether it is prepared to concur in the Resolutions of the Assembly.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-472 - Others - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 490575, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-472 - Others - 1921", "page_number": 267, "title": "CO129-472 - Others - 1921", "content_text": "## Opium Advisory Committee\n\nDear Grindle,\n\n4th March 1921,\n\nAs Spicer is away in Paris, I am sending you a note in reply to your letter of the 2nd inst. There appears to be no trace in our records of any proposal to appoint Assessors to advise the British Delegate, and, personally, I think there can be little doubt that Mr. Balfour had in mind the \"three Assessors not representatives of Governments\", referred to in the Council Document No. 133 which you mention.\n\nI will, however, consult Spicer on the matter on his return from Paris, early next Monday, and if I find there has been any modification in the proposals outlined in the Council Document, I will see that you are duly advised.\n\nYours sincerely,\nC. Longhurst.\n\nC.E.A. Grindle Esq., C.B., C.M.G., Colonial Office.\n\nReference No: 38/B/26\n\n### Previous Correspondence\n\nthe three assessors should be representative of the Far Eastern colonies; but it seems that there has been misunderstanding, and that the three mentioned by Balfour are in reality not representation of Govts referred to in the Secretary General's Memorandum on the subject (Council Document No. 133). Can you clear this up, please?\n\nYours sincerely,\n(Sd.) G. Grindle.\n\nPage 264", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-472 - Others - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 490578, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-472 - Others - 1921", "page_number": 270, "title": "CO129-472 - Others - 1921", "content_text": "# LEAGUE OF NATIONS\n267\n9th March, 1921\n\nSTRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL (No. AM 1308)\n\nSir,\n\nWith reference to my communication of the 24th January regarding the appointment of an Advisory Committee on Traffic in Opium, I have the honour to inform you that the Council of the League of Nations at its sitting on February 21, 1921, adopted the following resolutions:\n\nThe Council of the League of Nations resolves:\n1. That in accordance with the Resolutions of the Assembly, passed on the 15th December, 1920, an Advisory Committee on Traffic in Opium be appointed consisting of one Representative from each of the following countries, viz:- Holland, Great Britain, France, India, Japan, China, Siam, and Portugal.\n2. That Sir John Jordan, Monsieur Senri Breuier, and Mrs Hamilton Wright be appointed as Assessors to the Advisory Committee for a period of two years from the date of appointment.\n3. That the travelling expenses and subsistence allowance of the Assessors be paid out of funds of the League.\n4. That the Advisory Committee be requested to meet, if possible, at the beginning of May and to submit to the Council not later than the 1st June, 1921, a Report on the execution of agreements relating to the Traffic in Opium and other dangerous drugs in accordance with the penultimate paragraph of the Resolutions of the Assembly.\n\nIn accordance with the above Resolution, it has been arranged that the first meeting of the Advisory Committee will take place at Geneva on May 2nd, 1921, and I am to request that the Government of Great Britain will send its representative to participate in the meeting.\n\nI should be grateful if the Government of Great Britain would be good enough to communicate to me the name of its Representative before the 31st of March.\n\nRt. Hon. David Lloyd George\n\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour obedient Servant,\n(Signed) ERIC DRUMMOND\n\nPage 270\nPage 271", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-472 - Others - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 494264, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "page_number": 656, "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "content_text": "CRY\n\nThis 650 appoint a person. Advisory Committee on matters relating to the Convention. Committee is at present composed of representatives of the British Empire, China, France, Germany, India, Japan, the Netherlands, Portugal and Siam, together with three assessors one of whom is Sir John Jordan, who when he was British Minister at Peking was probably responsible more than any other official for the opium reforms in China between the years 1907 and 1917.\n\nThrough the work of the League considerable progress is now being made in the direction of giving practical effect to the objects of the convention, more particularly with regard to the traffic in morphia, cocaine and other similar drugs.\n\nThe Secretariat of the League would welcome any information or criticism which National Red Cross Societies, or other bodies interested in eradicating the use of opium, may be able to furnish for the assistance of the Advisory Committee in its difficult task.\n\nThe question naturally arises as to how far the parties to the Convention are carrying out the policy to which they have committed themselves. In the British Colonies where the opium habit is prevalent the Governments have generally speaking, it is claimed, come as far in the repression of opium as they can safely do under existing conditions. Before further repressive measures can be undertaken it must be reasonably certain that the practice", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 494478, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]", "page_number": 23, "title": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]", "content_text": "4\n\nIncidentally the Governments concerned, while disclaiming knowledge of or responsibility for the farmer's methods, would profit directly by the greater rent which the farmer was prepared to pay owing to the facilities for illegal traffic which the system afforded.\n\nThe morality of Governments, if not reaching the standards attained by individuals, is at any rate higher in most cases than that of opium farmers; while Government actions and methods are more widely known and open to criticism than those of private traders. Hence the system of direct Government control of import, manufacture, and retail now generally in force has proved much less open to abuse than the farming systems which it has replaced. By enabling Government officials and others not financially interested in the trade to obtain a closer knowledge of the subject the system also lends itself to the gradual introduction of reforms. For its proper working it requires a reasonably efficient administration with officials not open to corruption.\n\nINTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION.\n\nIn view of the widespread growth of the poppy and prevalence of the opium habit and the great difficulties in the way of preventing the drug from being conveyed from one country to another it is evident that international co-operation is essential if any progress is to be made. In this respect the International Opium Convention of 1912 marked a new phase in the war against the abuse of opium.\n\nUnder this convention the contracting powers agreed, among other things, to enact effective laws or regulations for the control of the production and distribution of raw opium and \"to take measures for the gradual and effective suppression of the manufacture of, internal trade in and use of prepared opium with due regard to the varying circumstances of each country concerned.\"\n\nThe intervention of the European War prevented much progress being made towards the realisation of the objects of the Convention. At the conclusion of the War, however, the Convention was embodied in the Treaties of Peace so that all the signatories to the Treaties of Peace have thereby become parties to the Convention, and its scope has thus been considerably enlarged.\n\nWhen the Convention first came into force the Netherlands Government undertook the task of supervising its operation, but after the establishment of the League of Nations under the Peace Treaties the League took over these duties so far as its members were concerned. One of the first actions of the League was to appoint a permanent Advisory Committee on matters relating to the Convention. This Committee is at present composed of representatives of the British Empire, China, France, Germany, India, Japan, the Netherlands, Portugal and Siam, together with three assessors one of whom is Sir JOHN JORDAN, who while British Minister at Peking was probably responsible more than any other single individual for the opium reforms in China between the years 1907 and 1917.\n\nThrough the work of the League considerable progress is now being made in the direction of giving practical effect to the objects of the Convention, more particularly with regard to the traffic in morphia, cocaine and other similar drugs.\n\nCARRYING OUT OF OBLIGATIONS INCURRED UNDER OPIUM CONVENTION.\n\nThe question naturally arises as to how far the parties to the Convention are carrying out the policy to which they have committed themselves. As regards those British Colonies where the opium habit is prevalent the Governments have generally speaking, it is claimed, gone as far in the repression of opium smoking as they can safely do under existing conditions. Before further repressive measures can be undertaken it must be reasonably certain\n\n5\n\nthat the practice of smoking under Government supervision and severe restraint will not be replaced by the smoking of smuggled opium, clandestinely and not under the control of Government; and, secondly, that the use of opium will not be replaced by injections of morphia or other drugs, practices much more injurious than opium smoking which in the past have been especially rife in Malaya and have given immense trouble in repression. The danger of alcohol replacing opium also affords cause for anxiety.\n\nIt must also be borne in mind that the industries of Malaya and British North Borneo depend to a large extent on the supply of Chinese immigrants, and that total repression of opium smoking in the British dependencies while the consumption of opium is allowed in the neighbouring territories, might lead to a very serious diversion of labour away from British territories thereby crippling industries without any corresponding diminution in the consumption of opium; so that further progress would appear to depend largely on concerted action between the various countries similarly situated with regard to labour supply.\n\nThis is a matter in which the activities of the League of Nations, in collecting and co-ordinating information and giving publicity to the ascertained facts may be of much assistance in effecting a general and uniform improvement.\n\nThe policy of the British Colonial Office in pursuance of the obligations incurred under the Convention is broadly that, subject to the foregoing considerations, financial loss, however paralysing, will not in itself be allowed to interfere with further restriction and ultimate suppression of smoking.\n\nSTRONG PUBLIC OPINION ESSENTIAL TO PROGRESS.\n\nIt will be seen that the difficulties in the way of establishing satisfactory systems for controlling production and distribution of opium are numerous and formidable; and it can scarcely be hoped that Government efforts towards the suppression of opium smoking will achieve more than a partial success so long as there is a demand for opium from any considerable section of the community. The real solution of the problem rests with the communities where opium is consumed and the best hope of genuine reform lies in the building up of a strong public opinion condemning its use.\n\nIn the report of the Royal Commission which in 1908 investigated the question of opium consumption in Malaya this truth is repeatedly emphasised. The report states, for example, \"that the absolute elimination of the use of opium is an object to be attained really and solely as a result of the education of the masses by the classes is a conclusion that has been found to be the only solution of such problems in other countries, and is in our opinion applicable to local circumstances;\" and again, \"As the result of our enquiry we desire to record our opinion..... that elimination of the opium habit is a matter not so much for legislation as for education by the Chinese themselves to the state of eradicating the desire for opium and this education, we believe, the Chinese generally are capable of undertaking, and in many cases are willing to undertake\".\n\nThe tremendous progress made in China between the years 1907 when the campaign against opium began, and 1917 when the growth of the poppy and the use of opium were practically suppressed, is a striking example of the progress made when public opinion in a community supports the policy of its Government. It is true that since 1917 there has been a serious set-back in the position in China, but this may be but temporary and is easily accounted for by the disordered state of the country under which corrupt military and civil officials, practically free from control by any central authority, have encouraged the growth of the poppy to fill their own pockets and to pay their private bands of retainers.\n\n21", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 494583, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]", "page_number": 128, "title": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]", "content_text": "125\n\n·\n\n4\n\nIncidentally the Governments concerned, while disclaiming knowledge of or responsibility for the farmer's methods, would profit directly by the greater rent which the farmer was prepared to pay owing to the facilities for illegal traffic which the system afforded.\n\nThe morality of Governments, if not reaching the standards attained by individuals, is at any rate higher in most cases than that of opium farmers; while Government actions and methods are more widely known and open to criticism than those of private traders. Hence the system of direct Government control of import, manufacture, and retail now generally in force has proved much less open to abuse than the farming systems which it has replaced. By enabling Government officials and others not financially interested in the traffic to obtain a closer knowledge of the subject the system also lends itself to the gradual introduction of reforms. For its proper working it requires a reasonably efficient administration with officials not open to corruption.\n\nINTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION.\n\nIn view of the widespread growth of the poppy and prevalence of the opium habit and the great difficulties in the way of preventing the drug from being conveyed from one country to another it is evident that international co-operation is essential if any progress is to be made. In this respect the International Opium Convention of 1912 marked a new phase in the war against the abuse of opium.\n\nUnder this convention the contracting powers agreed, among other things, to enact effective laws or regulations for the control of the production and distribution of raw opium and \"to take measures for the gradual and effective suppression of the manufacture of, internal trade in and use of prepared opium with due regard to the varying circumstances of each country concerned.\"\n\nThe intervention of the European War prevented much progress being made towards the realisation of the objects of the Convention. At the conclusion of the War, however, the Convention was embodied in the Treaties of Peace so that all the signatories to the Treaties of Peace have thereby become parties to the Convention, and its scope has thus been considerably enlarged.\n\nWhen the Convention first came into force the Netherlands Government undertook the task of supervising its operation, but after the establishment of the League of Nations under the Peace Treaties the League took over these duties so far as its members were concerned. One of the first actions of the League was to appoint a permanent Advisory Committee on matters relating to the Convention. This Committee is at present composed of representatives of the British Empire, China, France, Germany, India, Japan, the Netherlands, Portugal and Siam, together with three assessors one of whom is Sir JOHN JORDAN, who while British Minister at Peking was probably responsible more than any other single individual for the opium reforms in China between the years 1907 and 1917.\n\nThrough the work of the League considerable progress is now being made in the direction of giving practical effect to the objects of the Convention, more particularly with regard to the traffic in morphia, cocaine and other similar drugs.\n\nCARRYING OUT OF OBLIGATIONS INCURRED UNDER OPIUM CONVENTION.\n\nAs the question naturally arises as to how far the parties to the Convention are carrying out the policy to which they have committed themselves.\n\n5\n\nThat the practice of smoking under Government supervision and severe restraint will not be replaced by the smoking of smuggled opium, clandestinely and not under the control of Government; and, secondly, that the use of opium will not be replaced by injections of morphia or other drugs, practices much more injurious than opium smoking which in the past have been especially rife in Malaya and have given immense trouble in repression. The danger of alcohol replacing opium also affords cause for anxiety.\n\nIt must also be borne in mind that the industries of Malaya and British North Borneo depend to a large extent on the supply of Chinese immigrants, and that total repression of opium smoking in the British dependencies while the consumption of opium is allowed in the neighbouring territories, might lead to a very serious diversion of labour away from British territories thereby crippling industries without any corresponding diminution in the consumption of opium; so that further progress would appear to depend largely on concerted action between the various countries similarly situated with regard to labour supply.\n\nThis is a matter in which the activities of the League of Nations, in collecting and co-ordinating information and giving publicity to the ascertained facts may be of much assistance in effecting a general and uniform improvement.\n\nThe policy of the British Colonial Office in pursuance of the obligations incurred under the Convention is broadly that, subject to the foregoing considerations, financial loss, however paralysing, will not in itself be allowed to interfere with further restriction and ultimate suppression of smoking.\n\nSTRONG PUBLIC OPINION ESSENTIAL TO PROGRESS.\n\nIt will be seen that the difficulties in the way of establishing satisfactory systems for controlling production and distribution of opium are numerous and formidable; and it can scarcely be hoped that Government efforts towards the suppression of opium smoking will achieve more than a partial success so long as there is a demand for opium from any considerable section of the community. The real solution of the problem rests with the communities where opium is consumed and the best hope of genuine reform lies in the building up of a strong public opinion condemning its use.\n\nIn the report of the Royal Commission which in 1908 investigated the question of opium consumption in Malaya this truth is repeatedly emphasised. The report states, for example, \"that the absolute elimination of the use of opium is an object to be attained really and solely as a result of the education of the masses by the classes is a conclusion that has been found to be the only solution of such problems in other countries, and is in our opinion applicable to local circumstances;\" and again, \"As the result of our enquiry we desire to record our opinion... that elimination of the opium habit is a matter not so much for legislation as for education by the Chinese themselves to the state of eradicating the desire for opium and this education, we believe, the Chinese generally are capable of undertaking, and in many cases are willing to undertake\".\n\nThe tremendous progress made in China between the years 1907 when the campaign against opium began, and 1917 when the growth of the poppy and the use of opium were practically suppressed, is a striking example of the progress made when public opinion in a community supports the policy of its Government. It is true that since 1917 there has been a serious set-back in the position in China, but this may be but temporary and is easily accounted for by the disordered state of the country under which corrupt military and civil officials, practically free from control by any central authority, have encouraged the growth of the poppy to fill their own pockets and to pay their private bands of retainers.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 495292, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7]", "page_number": 311, "title": "CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7]", "content_text": "To members of the Advisory Committee on Appointments.\n\nI have approached various individuals with a view to their suggesting candidates who have come under their personal observation.\n\nIt may be thought desirable to invite the advice of assessors of men with special knowledge of the subjects involved. In connection with medical appointments, we have hitherto relied on the assistance of Professors T. R. Elliott (of University College Hospital) and T. Fraser (of St. Bartholomew's Hospital), and whenever there may be a medical vacancy, I should be glad to have them consulted.\n\nIn Engineering, we have had a Representative Committee in London, which used formerly to advise me on appointments, but they are for the most part rather old. Mr. Arthur Preece, M.I.C.E., of Preece, Cardew and Rider, Queen Victoria Street, has a considerable interest in the University and has helped us. Professor S. H. Dixon, of the College of Technology, has also helped us as an external examiner to give the benefit of his useful advice, and Professor Inglis of Cambridge would no doubt be able to offer advice of a different type touching on engineering.\n\nI fear I have no nominations to offer for the lectureships at present vacant. Mr. Robertson, of 30 Commercial Street, Dunfermline, Scotland, has just retired from his lectureship in Political Economy and has left a very favourable impression behind him. Mr. Robertson's reasonable expenses would be paid by the University.\n\nArrangements for the disposal of the staff at the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank can be made either direct or through the Registrar.\n\nAll I need is that those appointed should be ready to take up their duties in the first week of January and so should be ready to leave England by the end of November.\n\nI enclose six copies of our new Calendar.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 496019, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923", "page_number": 99, "title": "CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923", "content_text": "# CONTENTS\n\n## ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON TRAFFIC IN OPIUM\n\n### THIRD (EMERGENCY) SESSION\n\nheld at Geneva on September 1st, 1922.\n\n## LIST OF MEMBERS\nGovernment Representatives:\n- Sir Malcolm DELEVINGNE, Chairman\n- M. BOURGOIS (acting for M. KAHN), Vice-Chairman\n\n| Representative | Country/Region |\n| --- | --- |\n| M. CHAO-HSIN CHU | China |\n| Dr. ANSELMINO | Germany |\n| Mr. J. CAMPBELL | British Empire |\n| His Excellency M. A. ARIYOSHI | Japan |\n| M. van WETTUM | Netherlands |\n| His Excellency M. FERREIRA | Portugal |\n| His Excellency Prince CHAROON | Siam |\n\nAssessors:\n- M. BRENIER\n- Sir John JORDAN\n- Mrs. Hamilton WRIGHT\n\nSecretary: Dame Rachel CROWDY\n\n## AGENDA\n\n1. Examination of the modifications of the Report of the Committee proposed by the Council.\n2. Progress Report:\n - (a) The present position as to the ratification of the Opium Convention.\n - (b) The present position as to the acceptance of the proposal of the League of the Import Certificate system, and the recommendation as to the date of its introduction.\n - (c) The position of the enquiry into the production, distribution, etc., of cocaine.\n\n### NEW QUESTIONS\n\n3. The question of the application of the Convention to what is known as artificial cocaine.\n4. The arrangements to be made for the mutual exchange of information concerning seizures made by the Customs, which was recommended by the Advisory Committee at its last Session.\n5. The compilation of a Black List.\n6. Prepared Opium: Can this at any time be considered legitimate?\n\n## FIRST MEETING (September 1st, 1922—10 a.m.)\n1. Modifications in the Report of the Committee proposed by the Council\n2. Present position with regard to the Ratification of the International Opium Convention.\n3. Adherence to the System of Importation Certificates proposed by the League, and Recommendation relating to the date of the coming into force of this System: Present position.\n4. Report on the progress of the Enquiry regarding the Production, Distribution, etc., of Cocaine.\n\n## SECOND MEETING (September 1st, 1922-3 p.m.)\n5. The question of the application of the Convention to what is known as Artificial Cocaine.\n6. The arrangements to be made for the Mutual Exchange of Information concerning Seizures made by the Customs, which was recommended by the Advisory Committee at its last Session\n7. The compilation of a Black List\n8. Prepared Opium: Can this at any time be considered legitimate ?\n9. Communication from the Medical Secretary of the Health Section\n10. Draft Report by the Chairman\n11. Draft Resolution submitted by Mr. Campbell\n12. Letter from the Canadian Government\n13. Letter from the Secretary of the Society for the Suppression of the Opium Trade\n\nS. d. N. 400 (F.) 950 (A.). 2/23. Imp. Renaud 97", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 496020, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923", "page_number": 100, "title": "CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923", "content_text": "# LEAGUE OF NATIONS\n## ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON TRAFFIC IN OPIUM\n### MINUTES OF THE THIRD (EMERGENCY) SESSION\n\nheld at Geneva on September 1st, 1922.\n\n## FIRST MEETING\n\nheld on September 1st, 1922, at 10 a.m.\n\nAll the Members of the Committee (with the exception of M. Brenier and Mrs. Hamilton-Wright, Assessors) were present.\n\nThe **CHAIRMAN** said it was suggested by the Secretariat that the session should be regarded as a continuation of the preceding session, and with the consent of members he would take the Chair.\n\nHe then read the letter addressed to him by the Secretary-General, at the request of the Council, on August 22nd, 1922.\n\nA letter from M. **BRENIER** (Assessor) was read in which he excused himself for his inability to be present and in which he expressed his views with regard to the various matters on the agenda.\n\n1. Modifications in the Report of the Committee proposed by the Council.\n\nThe **CHAIRMAN** had tried to arrange a compromise which would give satisfaction both to the Council and to the Members of the Committee. He had unfortunately been unsuccessful and the Council had referred the question back to the Committee. He expressed appreciation of the help given by M. Chao-Hsin Chu.\n\nThe Council had referred back to the Committee a passage of its report relating to the situation in China. The Committee might either reconsider the whole question—but he did not think it would get any further than it did last April—or it might merely consider the situation created by the decision of the Council. He pointed out that the latter body had now, with the consent of the Committee, published the report of the Committee, with the omission of the passage in question.\n\nThe Chairman proposed that the latter of the two methods of procedure which he had mentioned should be adopted.\n\nHe recalled that there were two main points raised by the Council. The first was the statement in the report that the situation which had been found by the Committee to exist in China was in contravention to the Opium Convention. The Council appeared to think that criticism had been directed against the Government of the Chinese Republic, but, as he had explained in his letter to the Secretary-General, that was not in the least the intention of the Committee. He did not think, however, that the Committee need take the matter any further. The Council had been informed of the view of the Committee, and it rested with the Council to decide whether that view should be made public or not.\n\nThe second point was the proposal of the Council to substitute, for the action suggested by the Committee, action of a different kind, consisting in the appointment of a representative of the International Anti-Opium Association to collaborate with the Commission of the Chinese Government in its investigation of the opium situation in China and to report, through the medium of the Chinese Government, to the League of Nations. That proposal had been accepted by the Chinese Government.\n\nAfter careful reflection, the Chairman had come to the conclusion that nothing would be gained in present circumstances by the Committee returning its proposal to the Council. His own feeling was that the best thing to do was to report to the Council that the Committee had considered its suggestion and that it was prepared to recommend its adoption as the best that could be done in the present circumstances; and that it hoped that the result of the further enquiries to be undertaken by the delegates of the Chinese Government and of the International Anti-Opium Association would be available at the next meeting of the Committee. His only fear was that the solution might be considered in China as a weakening on the part of the League of Nations and of the Advisory Committee.\n\nM. **ARIYOSHI** (Japan) agreed with the Chairman's view.\n\nM. **CHAO-HSIN CHU** (China) asked whether the Council's recommendation would be considered as a whole or point by point.\n\nThe **CHAIRMAN** did not think it necessary to take it point by point. He proposed that the Committee should simply report to the Council that it accepted its suggestion of requesting the Chinese Government to make further enquiries, in which the Chinese commissioners would be assisted by a representative of the International Anti-Opium Association.\n\nThe need for a further discussion of the question by the Council would thus be avoided. He wished particularly to emphasise the fact that, with the Committee's consent, the Council had already published the Committee's report with the omission of the passage under consideration. A fresh report, therefore, had to be made by the Committee.\n\nMr. **CAMPBELL** (India) said that, in point of fact, the Council had returned an amended report to the Committee. That amended report would, he presumed, in view of the opinions already expressed, be accepted by the Committee. He was also prepared to accept that report in the circumstances.\n\nThe **CHAIRMAN** said that the important point was that the Committee, as he gathered, was prepared to agree with the Council's proposal in regard to the further enquiries.\n\nThe Committee agreed with the proposal of the Chairman.\n\nMr. **CAMPBELL** enquired if one representative only of the International Anti-Opium Association had to be appointed. The representative would have to visit an enormous tract of country; it might perhaps be the only action which it was possible to take at the moment; but it was an impossible task for one man, and he suggested that the Committee, in accepting the Council's proposal as regards this, should point this out and should guard itself against endorsing as valuable a suggestion which could clearly have only a very limited practical result.\n\nSir John **JORDAN** proposed that the Chinese Government should make use of the local branches of the International Anti-Opium Association in China; he suggested that the words \"one representative\" should be replaced by the word \"representatives\".\n\nThe **CHAIRMAN** enquired whether that was not implied in the Council's suggestion. He himself had read it in that way, namely, that there would be a delegate of the International Anti-Opium Association on each Government Commission of Investigation.\n\nM. **CHAO-HSIN CHU** (China) agreed that that would be a reasonable interpretation.\n\nM. **van WETTUM** (Netherlands) enquired whether the principle of employing members of the International Anti-Opium Association was not open to criticism. Was it possible to find five or six gentlemen in China who were capable of undertaking such a task without prejudice?\n\nSir John **JORDAN** expressed the view that as a rule the Committees of Enquiry were fairly well constituted. It would be best to co-opt a member of the Anti-Opium Association.\n\nThe **CHAIRMAN** said that if members of the Association might exaggerate, they would not do so in the sense of concealing anything objectionable.\n\nM. **CHAO-HSIN CHU** said that he thought that those details relating to enquiries were administrative details which should be left to the Chinese Government and to the headquarters of the International Anti-Opium Association at Pekin.\n\nIf the report on the enquiry were drawn up by one person, he himself would be the first to refuse to adopt it. He considered that the Council's suggestion was sufficient.\n\nSir John **JORDAN** said that he was in agreement with M. Chao-Hsin Chu, but he thought that the resolution proposed by the Council was not happily worded. It might be possible to express the Committee's point of view.\n\nPage 98", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 496024, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923", "page_number": 104, "title": "CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923", "content_text": "12 ---- \n13 - \n102 \n\nThe SECRETARY answered in the affirmative. \n\nThe Committee adopted this procedure. \n\nDr. ANSELMINO (Germany) stated that the Chairman had sent him a list of seizures made in Great Britain. He had asked his Government's permission to reply to communications of the Chairman, Secretariat, members, and Assessors of the Committee. This permission had been granted him. \n\nHe explained that the French police authorities had seized at Saint-Nazaire three cases, each containing 5 kilos of cocaine, and bearing the label of a Darmstadt factory. The boat on which the seizure had been made came from Mexico and touched at Santander, where the cocaine had been loaded. The German firm concerned said that the labels should be carefully examined because they were often falsified. It was also discovered that a firm in Hongkong had ordered 1,500,000 falsified labels. \n\nM. BOURGOIS (France) said that he had received information concerning this particularly interesting case. The French police authorities had seized cocaine in quantities which were sometimes so considerable that it wondered whether the trafficker had not obtained his stocks directly from the firm. \n\nHe asked Dr. Anselmino if the sale of cocaine was unrestricted in Germany. \n\nDr. ANSELMINO answered that it was controlled. \n\nThe CHAIRMAN said that the British authorities had also seized cocaine on ships that had touched at Santander. \n\nDr. ANSELMINO said that the authorities at Santander had seized cocaine that was marked as sent by the firm Schering in Berlin. This firm had never exported to Spain, only to Portugal; from examination of the labels, the routes followed could be recognised from the letters and figures inscribed thereon. German manufacturers demanded that, in the case of the seizure of an entire bottle, or less, a label should be shown. \n\nThe CHAIRMAN asked Dr. Anselmino if he could give this information to the Governments concerned. \n\nDr. ANSELMINO replied in the affirmative. \n\nSir John JORDAN pointed out that such falsifications were common in the Far East. English labels had also been falsified. \n\nThe CHAIRMAN asked the Committee if it would not be advisable for the Secretariat to communicate with the Spanish Government as to the seizures on ships from Santander. \n\nThe Committee agreed. \n\n## 7. The Compilation of a Black List (Document Q.C. 64)\n\nThe CHAIRMAN said that he found that there had been a misunderstanding as to the meaning of this suggestion. \n\nHe read the relevant document and suggested that the Secretariat should communicate the particulars in the \"black list\" to the various competent authorities to which it would be useful. \n\nSir John JORDAN stated that it would be an excellent thing if the names of traders were published. In Northern China, such a procedure had an excellent result and diminished the traffic. \n\nThe CHAIRMAN said that it might not be advisable to let the illicit traders know that their names were known. \n\nMr. CAMPBELL (India) was of the opinion that this would mean a heavy burden on the Secretariat. Chinamen and Laskars employed on ships plying between Europe and the East were largely concerned in the illicit trade, but it would be difficult to transcribe their names properly. In the case of Indians, a man's name alone would usually be insufficient to identify him. Names could also easily be changed. \n\nHe thought the local police authorities, in direct communication with the police of the second country, could perhaps best deal with such cases. \n\nM. BOURGOIS (France) wished to know whether the list was to be confidential. \n\nSir John JORDAN did not think it necessary. \n\nThe CHAIRMAN said he had in view, not the Chinese and Laskar sailors who mostly smuggled in a small way, but the traders who practised the traffic on an international scale, for which a big capital was needed. As each one of these was discovered, it was desirable that the Governments should be informed so that they could be on their guard. \n\nMr. CAMPBELL (India) said that if the list were limited in such a way, the system was worth trying. \n\nSir John JORDAN was of the opinion that publicity would do much good in the case stated in Document Q.C. 64. There had been some years ago a Chinese syndicate in Liverpool that introduced large quantities of drugs without the police being able to discover the culprits. Publicity would have helped the police in that case. It had already stopped the traffic organised by large associations which could not have been stopped before. \n\nThe CHAIRMAN suggested that the Secretariat should be asked to prepare the black list without any formal resolution of the Committee. It should request the various Governments to communicate the relevant cases. The results should be examined at the next session of the Committee, which would then be in a position to judge the usefulness of the procedure. \n\nPublicity might have served the fight against the traffic in China, but the situation was not the same in Europe. \n\nIn any case, the Secretariat should communicate the list to the Governments concerned. \n\nSir John JORDAN asked by which channel this communication should be made, as the diplomatic channel was slow. \n\nThe SECRETARY thought that, as there was no other channel, it should use the diplomatic channel to begin with. \n\nM. CHAO-HSIN CHU (China) said that the smugglers were foreigners as well as Chinese, for nine out of ten traders condemned were not Chinese. \n\nM. BOURGOIS (France) stated that the system of black lists appeared to him to involve certain dangers, as it caused suspicion to rest indefinitely upon traders who might only have offended once. The public list appeared to him to be inadmissible, contrary to custom and even to law. The Committee could perhaps recommend an exchange in certain cases of confidential communications between the police authorities. The question was very interesting but extremely delicate and required thorough consideration. \n\nMr. CAMPBELL was of the opinion that it might be advisable to postpone this question to the next session in view of the divergence of opinion, as some of the members of the Committee might like to receive further instructions from their Governments. \n\nThe CHAIRMAN agreed. \n\nSir John JORDAN said that there should be more co-ordination in that matter between the various Governments. \n\nOn the CHAIRMAN's proposal, the Committee decided to ask the Secretary to draft a report on the basis of the discussion; this report would be considered at the next session. \n\n## 8. Prepared Opium: Can this at any time be considered legitimate?\n\nM. van WETTUM (Netherlands) explained that he wanted to know the exact meaning of the words \"legitimate\" and \"illegitimate\" as given on page 51 (English text) of the minutes of the last session. \n\nHe said that, according to page 51 of the Minutes of the Committee's second session (English text), the Chairman had said that the Second Assembly had deleted from Dr. Wellington Koo's resolution the reference to prepared opium, precisely on the grounds that prepared opium had been declared illegitimate by the Opium Convention and that that Convention had made provision for its gradual suppression. \n\nThe speaker referred to pages 506 and 507 of the Assembly Records—Meetings of Committees. There one saw, with regard to Dr. Wellington Koo's resolution (page 506), that the word \"legitimate\" was to be substituted for \"medicinal and scientific\" and that the reference to opium prepared for purposes of smoking was to be omitted, the complete suppression of which was provided for in Chapter II of the Convention. \n\nIn consequence of these alterations, the word \"legitimate\" in the amended resolution was only used with regard to raw opium and had the special meaning (see page 507) of medical in rather a broad and scientific sense. \n\nHe opposed, therefore, the use of the word \"illegitimate\" as the Chairman had done and declared that, so long as a country did not prohibit the use of prepared opium, that use was, under the restrictions of the local law, to be considered as legitimate.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 497123, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923", "page_number": 369, "title": "CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923", "content_text": "## REPORT TO THE COUNCIL ON THE WORK OF THE FIFTH SESSION\n\n(May 24th to June 7th, 1923.)\n\nThe Advisory Committee on Traffic in Opium and other Dangerous Drugs has the honour to submit to the Council of the League the following report on the proceedings at its fifth session, which was held from May 24th to June 7th, 1923.\n\nThis session has been particularly important in view of the proposals which were submitted to the Committee by the Delegation of the United States of America and in view of the conclusions which, as a result of its enquiries and of its previous work, the Committee has unanimously reached for the establishment of a programme of practical action. In the resolutions which it has adopted, the Committee proposes that the Council should invite the interested Governments to open negotiations in order to arrive at agreements with a view to carrying out this programme.\n\nThe wealth of information collected by the Committee has enabled it, moreover, to examine the general situation as regards the production and use of opium and other drugs.\n\n### COMPOSITION OF THE COMMITTEE\n\nAll the members and assessors were present, but in some instances the Governments concerned had nominated new representatives, Dr. UCHINO now representing Japan, Dr. POENSGEN representing Germany, and the United States of America being represented in an advisory capacity by the Hon. Stephen G. PORTER, in association with Bishop BRENT and Surgeon-General BLUE. No answer having been received by the Secretariat from the Government of the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes to the invitations issued by the Council, this Power was not represented.\n\nThe following is a list of the members present:\n\n| Name | Country/Role |\n| --- | --- |\n| M. G. BOURGOIS (Chairman) | France |\n| H. H. Prince CHAROON (Vice-Chairman) | Siam |\n| M. CHAO-HSIN CHU | China |\n| Dr. POENSGEN | Germany |\n| Sir Malcolm DELEVINGNE | Great Britain |\n| Mr. John CAMPBELL | India |\n| Dr. Senichi UCHINO | Japan |\n| M. van WETTUM | Netherlands |\n| H. E. M. FERREIRA | Portugal |\n| The Hon. Stephen G. PORTER | United States of America |\n| Bishop BRENT | in association with |\n| Surgeon-General BLUE | in association with |\n\nAssessors:\n- M. Henri BRENIER\n- Sir John JORDAN\n- Mrs. Hamilton WRIGHT\n\nSecretary:\n- Dame Rachel CROWDY\n\nPage 363\n\nhas seen Sir Robert Cecil since the meeting and Sir Robert considers that it would be very desirable for the action to be taken by this country to be settled before the next meeting of the Assembly of the League in September.\n\nSir M. Delevingne suggests a discussion with the Colonial Office at an early date. I told him that I was shortly going away on 3 weeks leave, but he said that the end of July when I return would be soon enough.\n\nHe recognises the importance of our having the considered views of the Colonies concerned before the International Conference is held (this cannot be before next spring). For this purpose, it is desirable to let the Colonies have as long as possible to examine fully into the questions involved and to prepare complete information. He recognises that it is essential that this country should not enter into any undertakings which the Colonies are not able and willing to carry out, and in view of this, he thinks that it would be almost essential that each Colony concerned should be represented here by a responsible officer, very completely briefed by his Government and with a thorough knowledge of what is and is not possible in his Territory.\n\nAll these matters will be for discussion at the proposed inter-departmental conference. He asked me to mention them now so that we can have time to think about it before the discussion. I promised to mention these suggestions to you and Sir G. Grindle.\n\nI submit draft `3.4.A.B.C.2/1`.\n\n**LEAGUE OF NATIONS.**\nA. 13. 1923. XI. (O. C. 144 (1).)\nGENEVA, June 16th, 1923. \n**Advisory Committee on Traffic in Opium and other Dangerous Drugs.**", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 498483, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924", "page_number": 153, "title": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924", "content_text": "# \n\n44 \n\ninto \n\nany unnecessary prolixity in the Case, and shall disallow the costs occasioned thereby, \n\n151. Where the Judicial Committee directs a party to bear the costs of an Appeal incurred in China, such costs shall be taxed by the proper officer of the Supreme Court in accordance with the rules for the time being regulating taxation in the Supreme Court. \n\n152. The Supreme Court shall execute any Order which His Majesty in Council may think fit to make on an Appeal from a judgment of the Full Court in like manner as any original judgment of the Supreme Court should or might have been executed. \n\n153. This Order shall not affect the right of His Majesty in Council at any time, on the humble petition of a person aggrieved by a decision of the Full Court, to admit his appeal on such terms and in such manner as His Majesty in Council may think fit, and to deal with the decision appealed from in such manner as may be just. \n\n## PART V.-PROCEDURE, CRIMINAL AND CIVIL. \n\n154.-(1) In every case, civil or criminal, Minutes of the proceedings shall be drawn up, and shall be signed by the Judge before whom the proceedings are taken, and shall, where the trial is held with assessors, be open for their inspection and for their signature if concurred in by them. \n\n(2) These Minutes, with the depositions of witnesses, and the notes of evidence taken at the hearing or trial by the Judge, shall be preserved in the public office of the Court. \n\n155. The Judge of the Supreme Court may make Rules of Court- \n\n| Clause | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) | For regulating the pleading practice and procedure in the Courts established under this Order with respect to all matters within the jurisdiction of the respective Courts; |\n| (b) | For regulating the means by which particular facts may be proved in the said Courts; |\n| (c) | For prescribing any forms to be used; |\n| (d) | For prescribing or regulating the duties of the officers of the said Courts; |\n| (e) | For prescribing scales of costs and regulating any matters in connection therewith; |\n| (f) | For prescribing and enforcing the fees to be taken in respect of any proceedings under this Order; |\n| (g) | For prescribing the allowances to be made in criminal cases to complainants, witnesses, jurors, assessors, interpreters, medical practitioners, and other persons employed in the administration of justice, and the conditions upon which an order may be made by the Court for such allowances; |\n| (h) | For conferring jurisdiction upon Provincial Courts in matters dealt with in the Companies Ordinances, and for specifying in such Rules the Courts by which and the classes of cases in which such jurisdiction shall be exercised; |\n| (i) | For regulating any matter dealt with in the Companies Ordinances which under those Ordinances are to be regulated by Rules; |\n| (j) | For the purpose of regulating the manner of presenting Criminal Appeals, as to the papers which are to be sent to the Full Court, and the transmission of the same, and generally as to the conduct of such Appeals and all matters connected therewith; |\n| (k) | For taking and transmitting depositions of witnesses for use at trials in a British possession or in the United Kingdom; |\n| (l) | For regulating the mode in which legal practitioners are to be admitted to practise as such, and for withdrawing or suspending the right to practise on grounds of misconduct, subject to a right of appeal to His Majesty in Council. |\n\nWhere under any Act of Parliament which is applicable to China, Rules may or are required to be made in England by the Lord Chancellor or any judicial authority, the powers of this Article shall include a power to make such Rules for the purposes of that Act so far as applicable. \n\nRules framed under this Article shall not have effect until approved by the Secretary of State, and, so far as they relate to fees and costs, sanctioned by the Treasury; but in case of urgency declared in any such Rules with the approval of the Minister, the same shall have effect unless and until they are disapproved by the Secretary of State, and notification of such disapproval is recorded and published by the Judge of the Supreme Court. \n\n156.-(1) The Court may in any case, if it thinks fit, on account of the poverty of a party or for any other reason, to be recorded in the Minutes, dispense with or remit the payment of any fee in whole or in part. \n\n(2) Payment of fees payable under any Rules to be made in pursuance of this Order, and of costs and of charges and expenses of witnesses, prosecutions, punishments, and deportations and of other charges and expenses, and of fines respectively payable under this Order, may be enforced under order of the Court by seizure and sale of goods, and, in default of sufficient goods by imprisonment as a civil prisoner for a term not exceeding one month, but such imprisonment shall not operate as a satisfaction or extinguishment of the liability. \n\n(3) Any bill of sale or mortgage, or transfer of property made with a view of avoiding seizure or sale of goods or ship under any provision of this Order, shall not be effectual to defeat the provisions of this Order. \n\n151", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 498510, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924", "page_number": 181, "title": "CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924", "content_text": "## REPORT OF THE OPIUM PREPARATORY COMMITTEE.\n\nI.\n\nThe Council of the League of Nations during its meeting in December 1923, adopted the following resolution:\n\n\"The Council instructs the Secretary-General to communicate with the Chairman of the Advisory Committee on Traffic in Opium with a view to calling an Extraordinary meeting of the Advisory Committee on January 28th, 1924, for the purpose of nominating without delay a Preparatory Committee to be charged with the preparation of a draft programme for the Second or larger Conference to be held in Geneva,\n\nThis Committee will consist of six members including one representative of the United States and the two European Assessors.\n\nShould the Chairman of the Advisory Committee deem it possible to make the necessary arrangements for nominating the members of the Preparatory Committee by correspondence without convening the Advisory Committee, Council authorises him to do so, provided that no undue delay will be thereby caused.\n\nA draft arrangement on the traffic in opium should be considered, and, if necessary, approved by the Advisory Committee before being forwarded either to each interested Government or to the Conference.\"\n\nAs a result of this resolution the Preparatory Committee was formed consisting of the following members:\n\n| Name | Nominated by |\n| --- | --- |\n| H. Bourgois | (France) |\n| Sir Malcolm Delevingne | (Great Britain) |\n| M. van Wettum | (Netherlands) |\n| Kr. Neville | (United States of America) |\n| M. Brenier | Nominated by the Council of the League |\n| Sir John Jordan | |\n\nLEAGUE 02 \nMARIONS. \n36801 \n2 AUG 24 \n178 \n0.348.M,119.1924.1. \n0.0. 195. \n2.00. 42 (2). \nPage ...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-486 - Public Offices - 1924.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 504733, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-495N - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12", "page_number": 1, "title": "CO129-495N - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12", "content_text": "TPE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 5TH, 1926.\n\nTHE BONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1916.\n\nTHE BUDGET PASSED.\n\nCOMMENTS AND CRITICISM OF UNOFFICIAL MEMBERS.\n\nTHE SHING MUN VALLEY WATER SCHEME.\n\nH. THE GOVERNOR ON THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF KOWLOON.\n\nAt the meeting of the Legislative Council yesterday afternoon there was a full and animated debate on the estimates for 1927. Sir Henry Pollock presented the collective views of the Unofficial Members and the Hon. Mr H. W. Bird and the Hon. Mr. D. G. M. Bernard also dealt with points of particular interest. Sir Shouson Chow spoke on behalf of the Chinese. Replies to questions relating to their various departments were made by the Colonial Treasurer, the Captain Superintendent of Police and the Director of Public Works. The Colonial Secretary reviewed and answered the various questions very fully and the Hon. Mr. E. P. H. Kemp wound up the discussion by explaining the Government's views on the Water Supply and Education. The meeting closed at 9.30 and the estimates were approved shortly before 10, when Council adjourned sine die.\n\nA considerable amount of criticism was levelled against the suggested postponement of the scheme for linking the island with the Shing Mun Valley water supply. Most of the Unofficial Members of Council apparently thought that the decision not to link the pipe lines across the harbour was due to the desire to save money. His Excellency's explanation was of particular interest. It would appear that the expense of laying the pipes across the harbour does not influence the question one way or the other. His Excellency's view broadly is that the future is with Kowloon as far as residential developments are concerned and that the water from the Shing Mun Valley will, a few years hence, all be needed for Kowloon. There is a project for building another reservoir for Hongkong with a storage capacity of 200 million gallons. The facts in connection with the various schemes are to be collated and probably a Committee will be appointed to consider them before any definite policy is decided.\n\nAfter the minutes of the previous Council meeting had been confirmed, the Colonial Secretary moved the second reading of the Bill intituled An Ordinance to apply a sum not exceeding $17,741,500 to the Public Service of the year 1927.\n\nSIR HENRY POLLOCK'S SPEECH.\n\nHon. Sir Henry Pollock said: Your Excellency, as spokesman of the Unofficial Members of this Council, I have the following remarks to make on the Estimates for 1927.\n\nIncreased Expenditure Probable. Obviously the weakness in silver and exchange points to increased expenditure during the coming year being heavier than that which has been estimated by the Government. At the risk of repetition, I would like to refer to the Water Supply on the Island.\n\nAs regards the Water Supply, we regret that the Estimates for 1927 do not provide for the bringing of the water from the Shing Mun Valley as was originally intended and we understand that the Government will give the Unofficial Members of this Council every opportunity for investigating the proposed expenditure of $90,000 on improvements to Kowloon Pier (Star Ferry Wharf) (item on page 6 of the estimates) and also on the proposed expenditure (in item 55) of the large sum of $895,000 for surfacing the road to the Kowloon Hospital. What type of surfacing is to be used in the case of the latter item, and in the case of item 32 on page 6: We should also like particulars of the proposed method of laying out the side of the Kowloon Physical Training Ground (item 32 on page 80).\n\nWhile on the subject of increased water supply for their wants, we therefore congratulate the Government on its wise decision not to increase the taxation in directions other than the levy for increasing the supply on the Island. The Government's side of the bargain is perforce a bigger impost on wines and spirits.\n\nThis Colony has been through nearly two years of a trade depression unprecedented in its severity, and any new taxes of a general nature will retard its recovery. It is true that on the mainland, houses standing isolated in a dreary waste of third-class shipping are being created in Kowloon, but we hope that the Water Works for Chinese houses will be carried out as soon as possible. We have been informed that over 20 applications for the installation of meters in Chinese houses have been granted, in spite of the present depression, and such an undertaking is in consonance with the Government's obligations. As I said in this Council some time ago, it would be fair to pass such a loan on to posterity, for the work which it funds will last.\n\nHON. MR. D. G. M. BERNARD.\n\nHon. Mr. D. G. M. Bernard said: Your Excellency, I wish first of all to congratulate the Colonial Secretary on the clear and able speech he made in moving the Estimates for next year.\n\nWe shall also like further information regarding the Chatham Road line Extension (item 54) as the proposed remaining expenditure seems large and we wish it had been obtained in the short period he mentioned.\n\nWe also wish to know whether the Government has decided to defer any expenditure on the Port Development Department into the Public Works Department, while, on grounds of economy, not, why the sanction of the further markets, which have been recommended by the Sanitary Board, is not being processed with.\n\nAs regards item 45 (contribution by Government towards fund for Redeclamation) of which the estimated expenditure for 1927 is to be $200,000, we desire to be informed what is now the contract into for the completion of this reclamation and whether it is anticipated that payment of $200,000 will complete the work on the particular item in question.\n\nIn this connection we may add that it would be a great convenience to Unofficial Members if, in all cases in which a Budget vote is taken, you lay before you on this occasion, a complete work on the particular item in public announcement of your policy.\n\nWe trust that that policy will be a liberal one.\n\nChinese Appreciation. Economy. Land Sales. The Trade Loan.\n\nThe Honourable Member representing the Justices of the Peace, speaking on behalf of the Unofficial Members, has to tender his thanks to the Government for the assistance it has rendered to the business community by means of the Trade Loan. The Honourable Member would not have been able to weather the severe economic storm that has hit this Colony had it not been for the Government's timely action.\n\nMay I, as a spokesman of the Chinese Community, express our cordial appreciation to you, Sir, and to the Honourable Senior Unofficial Member, Sir Edward Shellim, for having so sympathetically broadened the basis of the Trade Loan.\n\nOn the 22nd July, when the question was at its height, the Government had to take energetic action to prevent speculation. We are glad that the Government has seen fit to bring the largest possible number of people within the scope of the Loan.\n\nAs regards the proposed expenditure of $250,000 on Kowloon Point, I would like to deal with this matter somewhat fully. We regret to note that the rain from the point of view of expenditure of public money has been costly. We consider that it is most unjust that the amount of revenue which we secure in order to meet the sum of over $1,000,000 paid in making good the damage done by the phenomenal rainstorm in July should be regarded as a Military Contribution, and we desire to protest against an arrangement whereby the Home Exchequer benefits by this Colony's misfortunes.\n\nAppreciation of Services.\n\nOn the other hand, we desire to express our high appreciation of the excellent work done by the officials in the Public Works, Harbour and Sanitary Departments and by the Members of the Police Force.\n\nSatisfactory Bases of Revenue.\n\nIn conclusion, whilst our above remarks for the most part involve considerable investigation, we trust that the words we have used may be of a critical character in regard to matters of detail. We desire to congratulate Your Excellency on the comparatively good state of our finances.\n\nA Crying Scandal.\n\nThe late Sir Henry May on that occasion said: \"In 1920 the Government favoured motor buses, in 1921 and 1922 trams, and in 1924 motor buses again. Does this indicate that the Government has made up its mind that never again will the water supply be allowed to lag behind the increase of population? You see all this water being wasted and you have heard the capacity of this great reservoir, but you cannot put it down and do nothing more. You have only made provision for 25 years and the first thing we have to do is to link up the Shing Mun supply without giving portion purposes in respect of expenditure on Chinese wines and spirits.\n\nCar Water Supply.\n\nIn 1920 the Government favoured motor buses, in 1921 and 1922 trams, and in 1924 motor buses again. Does this indicate that the Government has made up its mind that never again will the water supply be allowed to lag behind the increase of population? You see all this water being wasted and you have heard the capacity of this great reservoir, but you cannot put it down and do nothing more. You have only made provision for 25 years and the first thing we have to do is to link up the Shing Mun supply without giving portion purposes in respect of expenditure on Chinese wines and spirits.\n\nThe passenger traffic carried by the Star Ferry Company has increased very largely during the past year. In September last there were 8,500 third-class passengers carried, which is an increase of 114% over the same period in 1925; first-class passengers averaged 5,000 per day, an increase of 119%; third-class 9,060, an increase of 327% over the same period two years ago.\n\nThis question of transportation is of importance to a growing city like Kowloon, comfortable, adequate transport is absolutely necessary to distribute the population and ease the congestion in the central districts.\n\nHaving now given credit where credit is due, it is our unpleasant duty to refer to Your Excellency that we have received many complaints that Chinese teachers on the harbour have been in the habit of demanding \"squeeze\". This complaint is not new, for I remember that the late Mr. Lau Chu Pak drew attention to it in this Council some five or six years ago, but we are informed that the practice has become more acute during the last eighteen months. We know how difficult it is to detect and prevent such malpractices, but we hope that the energetic Captain Superintendent of Police and the Superintendent of Imports and Exports will do everything in their power to put down the evil which has become a crying scandal.\n\nEducation.\n\nIn the estimates of the Education Department we notice that the salaries of Anglo-Chinese and Vernacular masters rise from $700 to as high as $4,000 per annum each. If the system is wrong, and the maximum salary is far too high. We should like to know at the same time whether it is the intention of the Government to apply the same scale of salary to other branches of the subordinate service.\n\nWe should like to know whether the Government contemplates laying a new sewer as the Harbour should be proceeded with forthwith.\n\nProposed Separate Medical Staff.\n\nAs regards the proposed increase of staff in the Medical Department, we should like to have further information as to the nature and extent of the radiological work, which is apparently in tended to be put in the charge of one Medical Officer.\n\nHospital Accommodation.\n\nWhilst dealing with the subject of Education, we note that the cost is $81,163,643, we not only noisy and colourless; the pre-capital outlay for King's College and Queen's College is $132,215 and $31,179 respectively.\n\nThe Need for Checking Extravagance.\n\nI know, Sir, you are deeply interested in this important matter and I believe you are now looking round to find a way to increase the storage supply on this island.\n\nWith all due respect, Sir, I consider that in doing so you are making a mistake--because whatever reservoirs, and I am not suggesting that you should not build them, are built on the island we are still dependent on the rainfall till then, whilst with the Shing Mun supply we have a storage of nearly 200 million gallons a day, and remember, Sir, that this supply is from a perennial spring and is not subject to the caprice of rainfall.\n\nI am not relished that the Chinese are viewing with increasing disfavour the Imports and Exports Office. Fully justified as the Hon. Shouson Chow said: Sir, All to our satisfaction the greater importance with regard to Head 25 on page 18 the views and observations which have been made on Vernacular education since I have heard arguments against large expenditure renewed. Will the Government explain to us the cost of education is, as has been weighed by those in its favour.\n\nThree million gallons a day means that for the year for the branch responsible for searching teachers for opium and of the Department for 1927 is to be $124,000 and it is estimated that approximately the same amount in our legal drugs (2) the number of searches made very year the population is increasing; (e) approximately the number of searches made by the Medical Department, Civil Hospitals and Sanitary Department are yielded by them.\n\nIt may be pointed out by the honourable senior member that at present we do not get full value for our money, and the ought not to be rebuild above its present conditions.\n\nIn connection with Education, we should like to know (1) The cost of running King's College and Queen's; or what was actually received in 1925 from each of these Colleges respectively, and (2) The amount received in 1925 from each of these Colleges respectively.\n\nMilitary Contribution.\n\nFinally, I wish to associate myself with the Senior Unofficial Member against the way in which the Military Contribution is calculated.\n\nLiquor Duties.\n\nOn page 9 the items Liquor Duties from the strength hydrants is one of which, in making good the drainage. I feel sure, Sir, that it only requires representation to the Government before it is too late to put this matter in the proper groove to house this matter.\n\nThe honourable senior member has suggested a change of situation will place the labour although an additional Revenue is anticipated from the higher duties just made on Chinese wines and spirits.\n\nI would ask you, Sir, not to reject on principle the proposal to increase the duty on wines and spirits. It strongly endorses his memorandum whenever the matter is further considered.\n\nTHE COLONIAL TREASURER.\n\nThe Colonial Treasurer: Sir, During the preparation of the estimates it is always difficult to forecast when the average rate of exchange will be for the next year. In July when the estimates were first considered the exchange was 2/4 but when the estimates were finally completed then was reduced to 2/2.\n\nTHE BUDGET PASSED (CONTD.).\n\nTHE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS.\n\nThe Director of Public Works said: Honourable Members have referred to the incidence of the 1st January, 1929, and it is anticipated that this period will not be exceeded.\n\nThe sum of $200,000 was more than sufficient to meet the requirements of the Government Civil Hospital would result in further overcrowding the remaining hospitals in that area while the removal of the existing Star Ferry standing raised as long ago as 1922. There has been considerable correspondence with not make the opportunity of making representations to the Government before they are proceeded with, and a report being now prepared.\n\nAs soon as possible. There are nearly 700 to be accommodated, and the scheme has been initiated owing to the unsatisfactory state of the existing Kowloon Hospital.\n\nThe arrangement proposed will enable residents of the Colony, are admitted to the hospital and receive from and even so the Viceroy will be asked to submit medical plans with a view to meet, it possible, the criticisms raised in regard to the proposed expenditure on Kowloon Hospital.\n\nThe Captain Superintendent of Police: Sir, I wish to preface my remarks as in the past, both on the grounds of the doubts raised in regard to the proposed expenditure on Kowloon Hospital.\n\nThe way in which the Honourable Members have given to this Council I have the honour to introduce into this Council I said, when producing the estimates for 1927.\n\nEducation. Queen's College, 1925. Expenditure $132,215. Fees... $10,509.\n\nThe Sanitary Board.\n\nThe Government is glad to know that the Colonial Council does not oppose the small increase in the water charges. It appreciates the anxiety of Honourable Members that the bathing beaches should be improved.\n\nKowloon Traffic.\n\nAs the Honourable Member pointed out the proposed improvement on Kowloon Point and the traffic question in Kowloon and the proposed vehicular ferry service are inter-related subjects.\n\nMilitary Contribution.\n\nOn the subject of military contribution the actual works prepared on Kowloon Point have been dealt with by the Honourable Member the D.P.W. and that education is provided too cheaply.\n\nLiquor Duties.\n\nThe Honourable Senior Chinese Member, Sir Shouson Chow, said: Sir, After full consideration it is the present opinion of the Government that the scheme should be carried out as a Government undertaking and not as a private enterprise.\n\nAs regards transport services, a very important matter for Kowloon, The Government is of opinion that trams would not be as satisfactory as buses, and it is therefore, not the intention of Government to propose a tram service either initially or at any future date.\n\nThe whole question of the detailed proposals on this subject by interning the Council. As a further safeguard we have had been used, in renewal would have been made the action of the Assessors tends, and fortunately, we have a Director of Education who possesses vision and sympathy, or reserving sites for the future by restricting development harbour and Sanitary Departments and consideration of the Government, and the Council who wishes to find out whether the European scales is the same as that adopted in England and America is being properly conducted can see these books.\n\nThis includes not only the most Police Force. The Government desires to go through into the whole gazette and Government does not consider it feasible, just now, to raise the point expected back shortly it is intended to issue a Sessional Paper giving details of the work of the District Watch Force, and Mr. Nicol who has been making enquiries on the subject of the fees charged for Chinese Asics, the Public Works, Education has recently been made the subject of a Sessional Paper when published will be laid before the Council.\n\nThe Senior Chinese Member, Sir Shouson Chow, and Mr. Bernard have laid stress on the proposed work. The Government places a high sale. The Government is glad to note that the new Weir to the new scale of salary for Anglo-Chinese and Vernacular masters is $1,900 and $2,400 per annum and it is from the Liquor Duties and to the fact that the reduction of temporary men who are inferior to the fully occupied with the work which has proved his worth, who will be in charge of the X-ray plants at Civil Hospital: it is able to gradually unertake, in addition, with electrotherapy comprising X-ray therapy, diathermy, galvanism and faradism and also the subordinate clerical service scale already the third reading of the Supply Bill.\n\nThe Honourable Member asks if the Government Service the Honourable Member has in mind but in order to produce that result it is necessary to put searchers through the rough cation staff by excavation, weak of his own special subject. He will be in charge of the X-ray plants at Civil Hospital: it is able to gradually unertake, in addition, with electrotherapy comprising X-ray therapy, diathermy, galvanism and faradism and also the subordinate clerical service scale already the third reading of the Supply Bill.\n\nThe estimates at present before the Council. The Estimate of revenue for the current year, but in this I fear the ads very shortly. The Police Force was not strong enough to supply the men. Therefore, 76 searchers were engaged temporarily and it is proposed to continue this arrangement.\n\nThe proposals for the general lay-out of the area around and approaches the Kowloon Hospital. The Honourable Member the passed on receipt the temporary men front to patrolling, to man courts and turrets.\n\nAs regards the document Civil Hospital Accommodation. The Government is preparing a Sessional Paper setting out its proposals regarding the rebuilding of the hospital.\n\nThe Honourable Member asks it of revenue. would have to be Amendment in rate or railler. The Government considers that the rate problem in Kowloon can best be solved by bus service under taken by private enterprise and is not just a great many of the complaints made against the present bus systems are gradually being removed.\n\nThe present bus systems are gradually being improved and it is expected that to the Police Force I was enabled to comprise the misc.ing and formation of the area, to the question of hospital accommodation and we are not sure what other branches of the Government Service the Honourable Member has in mind but in order to produce that result it is necessary to put searchers through the rough cation staff by excavation, weak of his own special subject.\n\nCOLONIAL SECRETARY'S REPLY.\n\nThe Colonial Secretary said: My dear honourable friend, Henry Pollock, that the expenditure on education exceeds the amount which it was proposed on a former occasion, has been authorised annually ever since.\n\nAs regards markets, extension should be spereason, has been authorised annually ever since. There are my less than on the completion of this scheme is its vained in the speeches of unofficial members of Council, and before Honourable Members the views of the Government on the remainder The figures asked for by my honourable friend are as follows:\n\nDe Ropkins at Shen Shui Po and Sai Ying Pun, $16,000 for Crown Lands and approximate for cases and taxes. In addition for existing markets and ten gratis tables were discussed. The sale in those camps Government did not turn postables were working in conjunction with sure wharf loaders. The work Constables were discussed and a four postables were working in conjunction with sure wharf loaders.\n\nKing's College, Queen's College, 1925. Expenditure $132,215, $31,179. Fees $10,509, $6,451.\n\nThe Sanitary Board was asked for improvements in future proposals which it may lay before this Council, as 15 temporary searchers and two police searchers will be considerable area available for immediate sale.\n\nHonourable Members should like first to thank honourable Members on the official side.\n\nExpenditure. I did not affect in surfacing at the junction of Budget, the Parcher has been visurissen. The sum of $50,000 at the University in medicine, obstetrics and surgery, and it is essential to have a high sale. The Government is glad to note that the new Weir to the new scale of salary for Anglo-Chinese and Vernacular masters is $1,900 and $2,400 per annum and it is from the Liquor Duties and to the fact that the reduction of temporary men who are inferior to the fully occupied with the work which has proved his worth, who will be in charge of the X-ray plants at Civil Hospital: it is able to gradually unertake, in addition, with electrotherapy comprising X-ray therapy, diathermy, galvanism and faradism and also the subordinate clerical service scale already the third reading of the Supply Bill.\n\nNeed for Checking Extravagance.\n\nThe Honourable Member for the Justices of the Peace has the honour to introduce into this Council I said, when producing the estimates for 1927.\n\nEducation. Queen's College, 1925. Expenditure $132,215. Fees... $10,509.\n\nThe Sanitary Board.\n\nThe Government is glad to know that the Colonial Council does not oppose the small increase in the water charges. It appreciates the anxiety of Honourable Members that the bathing beaches should be improved.\n\nKowloon Traffic.\n\nAs the Honourable Member pointed out the proposed improvement on Kowloon Point and the traffic question in Kowloon and the proposed vehicular ferry service are inter-related subjects.\n\nMilitary Contribution.\n\nOn the subject of military contribution the actual works prepared on Kowloon Point have been dealt with by the Honourable Member the D.P.W. and that education is provided too cheaply.\n\nLiquor Duties.\n\nThe Honourable Senior Chinese Member, Sir Shouson Chow, said: Sir, After full consideration it is the present opinion of the Government that the scheme should be carried out as a Government undertaking and not as a private enterprise.\n\nAs regards transport services, a very important matter for Kowloon, The Government is of opinion that trams would not be as satisfactory as buses, and it is therefore, not the intention of Government to propose a tram service either initially or at any future date.\n\nPage 363\n\nTHE BUDGET PASSED (CONTD.).\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY.\n\nThe Colonial Secretary said: My dear honourable friend, Henry Pollock, that the expenditure on education exceeds the amount which it was proposed on a former occasion, has been authorised annually ever since.\n\nAs regards markets, extension should be spereason, has been authorised annually ever since. There are my less than on the completion of this scheme is its vained in the speeches of unofficial members of Council, and before Honourable Members the views of the Government on the remainder The figures asked for by my honourable friend are as follows:\n\nDe Ropkins at Shen Shui Po and Sai Ying Pun, $16,000 for Crown Lands and approximate for cases and taxes. In addition for existing markets and ten gratis tables were discussed. The sale in those camps Government did not turn postables were working in conjunction with sure wharf loaders. The work Constables were discussed and a four postables were working in conjunction with sure wharf loaders.\n\nKing's College, Queen's College, 1925. Expenditure $132,215, $31,179. Fees $10,509, $6,451.\n\nThe Sanitary Board was asked for improvements in future proposals which it may lay before this Council, as 15 temporary searchers and two police searchers will be considerable area available for immediate sale.\n\nHonourable Members should like first to thank honourable Members on the official side.\n\nExpenditure. I did not affect in surfacing at the junction of Budget, the Parcher has been visurissen.\n\nPage 364", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-495N - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 511833, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-506-1 Illicit opium traffic- leakage of confidential information 17-10-1927 - 10-1-1928", "page_number": 22, "title": "CO129-506-1 Illicit opium traffic- leakage of confidential information 17-10-1927 - 10-1-1928", "content_text": "For the information of the members and assessors.\n\n22 crewed to 148 Peri's Ha once 0.0.669.\n\nGeneva, September 29th, 1927.\n\nLEAGUE OF NATIONS\n\nADVISORY COMMITTEE ON TRAFFIC IN OPIUM AND OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS,\n\nNote by the Secretary.\n\nThe Secretary has the honour to circulate to the members of the Committee the attached document which she thinks will be of interest to them.\n\nREPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS FOR 1926 ON OPIUM SMUGGLING IN HONGKONG.\n\nPERSIAN OPIUM\n\nFew seizures were made of Persian Opium, raw Persian Opium not being in favour here, so much so that it was found useless to place any prepared Persian Opium on sale and the sale was therefore discontinued.\n\nOne seizure was of some interest.\n\nA Greek seaman was arrested, who had bought 8 pounds of Persian raw opium in the Bund in Shanghai for gold $125; the destination of his ship was U.S.A., but it is improbable that he could have sold it there, as he had been on the run some time and probably thought he could dispose of it here at a profit. The outside wrappings of the cakes were stamped with the names of one firm at Tai Chow and another at Shanghai. From the appearance of the usual red wrapping paper, the opium was fresh, and could not have been landed very long, as the brightness of the red paper very soon dulls with keeping. It was probably part of that imported into Shanghai by the S/S PHILADELPHIA, as mentioned below.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-506-1 Illicit opium traffic- leakage of confidential information 17-10-1927 - 10-1-1928.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 527160, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-529-5 China- extraterritoriality 23-11-1931 - 31-12-1931", "page_number": 73, "title": "CO129-529-5 China- extraterritoriality 23-11-1931 - 31-12-1931", "content_text": "# Part IV - Appeals to His Majesty in Council\n\n136. Where the Record subsequently to its dispatch to England becomes defective by reason of the death, or change of status, of a party to the appeal, the Full Court shall, upon an application in that behalf made by any person interested, cause a certificate to be transmitted to the Registrar of the Privy Council showing who, in the opinion of the Court, is the proper person to be substituted, or entered, on the Record, in place of, or in addition to, the party who has died or undergone a change of status.\n\n137. Where the Judicial Committee directs a party to bear the costs of an appeal incurred in Egypt, such costs shall be taxed by the proper officer of the Supreme Court in accordance with the rules for the time being regulating taxation in the Supreme Court.\n\n138. The Supreme Court shall execute any Order which His Majesty in Council may think fit to make on an appeal from a judgment of the Full Court in like manner as any original judgment of the Supreme Court should or might have been executed.\n\n139. This Order shall not affect the right of His Majesty in Council at any time, on the humble petition of a person aggrieved by a decision of the Full Court, to admit his appeal on such terms and in such manner as His Majesty in Council may think fit, and to deal with the decision appealed from in such manner as may be just.\n\n## Part V - Procedure in Criminal and Civil Matters\n\n140.—(1) In every case, civil or criminal, minutes of the proceedings shall be drawn up, and shall be signed by the Judge before whom the proceedings are taken, and shall, where the trial is held with assessors, be open for their inspection and for their signature if concurred in by them.\n\n(2) These minutes, with the depositions of witnesses, and the notes of evidence taken at the hearing or trial by the Judge, shall be preserved in the public office of the Court.\n\n141.-(1) The Judge of the Supreme Court may make Rules of Court-\n| Clause | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) | for regulating the pleading, practice and procedure in the Courts established under this Order with respect to all matters within the jurisdiction of the respective Courts; |\n| (b) | for regulating the means by which particular facts may be proved in the said Courts; |\n| (c) | for prescribing any forms to be used; |\n| (d) | for prescribing or regulating the duties of the officers of the said Court; |\n| (e) | for prescribing scales of costs and regulating any matters in connection therewith; |\n| (f) | for prescribing and enforcing the fees to be taken in respect of any proceedings under this Order, not exceeding, as regards any matters provided for by the `Consular Salaries and Fees Act, 1891`(a), fees fixed and allowed from time to time by any Order in Council made under that Act; |\n| (g) | for prescribing the allowances to be made in criminal cases to complainants, witnesses, jurors, assessors, interpreters, medical practitioners, and other persons employed in the administration of justice, and the conditions upon which an order may be made by the Court for such allowances; |\n| (h) | for taking and transmitting depositions of witnesses for use at trials in the United Kingdom or in a British possession, Protectorate or Mandated Territory; |\n| (i) | authorising the Court to order the service outside the limits of this Order of a Writ of Summons or other originating process upon any British subject. |\n| (j) | authorising the Court to serve writs and other processes of a civil or commercial character on behalf of other tribunals, whether situated in Egypt or not, and if situated outside Egypt whether situated inside His Majesty's dominions, protectorates or mandated territories or in any foreign State in amity with His Majesty; |\n| (k) | for regulating the mode in which legal practitioners are to be admitted to practise as such, and for withdrawing or suspending the right to practise on grounds of misconduct, subject to a right of appeal to His Majesty in Council; |\n| (l) | for regulating the management and investment of property under the control of the said Courts; |\n| (m) | for regulating any other matter which this or any other Order applicable to Egypt provides shall be regulated by Rules prescribed. |\n\n(2) Where, under any Act of Parliament which is applicable within the limits of this Order, Rules may or are required to be made in England by the Lord Chancellor or any judicial authority, the Judge of the Supreme Court shall have power to make such Rules for the purposes of that Act so far as applicable.\n\n(3) Rules framed under this Article shall not have effect until approved by the Secretary of State, and, so far as they relate to fees and costs, sanctioned by the Treasury; but in case of urgency declared in any such Rules with the approval of the Secretary of State...\n\n(a) `54-5 V. c. 36`", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-529-5 China- extraterritoriality 23-11-1931 - 31-12-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 536510, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-542-3 Foreshore and Sea-bed Works Bill- correspondence 9-1-1933 - 16-8-1933", "page_number": 52, "title": "CO129-542-3 Foreshore and Sea-bed Works Bill- correspondence 9-1-1933 - 16-8-1933", "content_text": "## \n52 \n\n`12746/31` \n\n82 \n\nharbour pipe line and the validation of past works are also matters of importance; the latter being particularly unsuitable for inclusion in an \"ad hoc\" Ordinance. To include a provision in the Bill, \"that nothing therein should be deemed to authorise Government to carry out any work which would be likely to interfere with the effective conduct of or to compete with existing enterprises providing facilities for public or public utility services which are dependent for the provision of such facilities or services on existing rights of access to the sea\" would in effect stultify the whole Bill. It could be argued for instance that the vehicles ferry pier and approaches would compete with the Star Ferry.\n\n71 \n\n1 \n\n3. The second suggestion in your telegram, that there should be a provision for the hearing of objections before definitive approval is given to any proposed scheme had already been met by the insertion of a new clause 3.\n\n4. Provision has now been made for the appointment of assessors to advise the judge upon matters requiring professional knowledge by a new clause 8(4).\n\n## \n5. The following are the alterations made in the Bill since it was first forwarded to you with my despatch No. `82746/3/31` of the 19th November, 1931:-\n \n| Number | |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) | ✓ |\n| (2) | ✓ |\n| (3) | |\n| (4) | ✓ |\n| (5) | ✓ |\n\nAt the end of clause 2(1) \"Governor in Council\" has been substituted for \"Legislative Council or the Finance Committee thereof\". \nFormer clause 3 becomes clause 2(4). \nClause 3 is new, please see paragraph 3 above. \nClause 5(3) is new. \nA proviso to clause 6 has been added in accordance with paragraph 2 of your despatch No.130 of the 7th May, 1932.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-542-3 Foreshore and Sea-bed Works Bill- correspondence 9-1-1933 - 16-8-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 536565, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-542-3 Foreshore and Sea-bed Works Bill- correspondence 9-1-1933 - 16-8-1933", "page_number": 107, "title": "CO129-542-3 Foreshore and Sea-bed Works Bill- correspondence 9-1-1933 - 16-8-1933", "content_text": "## 107\n\n\nCouncil or Finance Committee thereof\".\n\nThe former Clause 3 is now Clause 2(4).\n\nA new clause, Clause 3, has been inserted.\n\nClause 5(3) is also new.\n\nClause 8 has been redrafted to make it correspond more closely with Ordinance No.26 of 1932. The period in which compensation must be claimed has been extended to three months, and a new sub-clause (4) that provides for the appointment of assessors has been added.\n\nClause 12 has been shortened.\n\n3. As you are no doubt aware, owners of land in this country are presently required by the Legislature to surrender for purposes of public utility some or all of the rights which they possess", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-542-3 Foreshore and Sea-bed Works Bill- correspondence 9-1-1933 - 16-8-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 536574, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-542-3 Foreshore and Sea-bed Works Bill- correspondence 9-1-1933 - 16-8-1933", "page_number": 116, "title": "CO129-542-3 Foreshore and Sea-bed Works Bill- correspondence 9-1-1933 - 16-8-1933", "content_text": "utility services dependent for \nprovision of such facilities or \nservices on existing rights of access to \nsea. Also suggested that Bill should \nprovide for giving of due notice to persons \nwhose property or rights likely to be \naffected before works are considered or \napproved by Legislative Council or Finance \nCommittee, and grant right of formulating \nobjections or representations in connection \ntherewith. Further that persons claiming \ncompensation should have right to call \nfor appointment of commercial assessors to assist \nJudge in determining amount of damages \nto be awarded.\n\nPlease telegraph present position \nas regards Bill progress of Bill and state \nwhether it has been found possible to accept \namendments in sense of preceding paragraph to \nmeet local objections to Bill in present", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-542-3 Foreshore and Sea-bed Works Bill- correspondence 9-1-1933 - 16-8-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 537034, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-543-16 China- protection for Anglo-Chinese 13-2-1933 - 13-3-1934", "page_number": 45, "title": "CO129-543-16 China- protection for Anglo-Chinese 13-2-1933 - 13-3-1934", "content_text": "# PART V. PROCEDURE, CRIMINAL AND CIVIL.\n\n## Rules for Proceedings and Taxation of Costs\n\n151. Where the Judicial Committee directs a party to bear the costs of an Appeal incurred in China, such costs shall be taxed by the proper officer of the Supreme Court in accordance with the rules for the time being regulating taxation in the Supreme Court.\n\n152. The Supreme Court shall execute any Order which His Majesty in Council may think fit to make on an Appeal from a judgment of the Full Court in like manner as any original judgment of the Supreme Court should or might have been executed.\n\n153. This Order shall not affect the right of His Majesty in Council at any time, on the humble petition of a person aggrieved by a decision of the Full Court, to admit his appeal on such terms and in such manner as His Majesty in Council may think fit, and to deal with the decision appealed from in such manner as may be just.\n\n154. (1) In every case, civil or criminal, Minutes of the proceedings shall be drawn up, and shall be signed by the Judge before whom the proceedings are taken, and shall, where the trial is held with assessors, be open for their inspection and for their signature if concurred in by them.\n\n(2) These Minutes, with the depositions of witnesses, and the notes of evidence taken at the hearing or trial by the Judge, shall be preserved in the public office of the Court.\n\n155. The Judge of the Supreme Court may make Rules of Court-\n| Rule | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) | For regulating the pleading practice and procedure in the Courts established under this Order with respect to all matters within the jurisdiction of the respective Courts; |\n| (b) | For regulating the means by which particular facts may be proved in the said Courts; |\n| (c) | For prescribing any forms to be used; |\n| (d) | For prescribing or regulating the duties of the officers of the said Courts; |\n| (e) | For prescribing scales of costs and regulating any matters in connection therewith; |\n| (f) | For prescribing and enforcing the fees to be taken in respect of any proceedings under this Order; |\n| (g) | For prescribing the allowances to be made in criminal cases to complainants, witnesses, jurors, assessors, interpreters, medical practitioners, and other persons employed in the administration of justice, and the conditions upon which an order may be made by the Court for such allowances; |\n| (h) | For conferring jurisdiction upon Provincial Courts in matters dealt with in the Companies Ordinances, and for specifying in such Rules the Courts by which and the classes of cases in which such jurisdiction shall be exercised; |\n| (i) | For regulating any matter dealt with in the Companies Ordinances which under those Ordinances are to be regulated by Rules; |\n| (j) | For the purpose of regulating the manner of presenting Criminal Appeals, as to the papers which are to be sent to the Full Court, and the transmission of the same, and generally as to the conduct of such Appeals and all matters connected therewith; |\n| (k) | For taking and transmitting depositions of witnesses for use at trials in a British possession or in the United Kingdom; |\n| (l) | For regulating the mode in which legal practitioners are to be admitted to practise as such, and for withdrawing or suspending the right to practise on grounds of misconduct, subject to a right of appeal to His Majesty in Council. |\n\nWhere under any Act of Parliament which is applicable to China, Rules may or are required to be made in England by the Lord Chancellor or any judicial authority, the powers of this Article shall include a power to make such Rules for the purposes of that Act so far as applicable.\n\nRules framed under this Article shall not have effect until approved by the Secretary of State, and, so far as they relate to fees and costs, sanctioned by the Treasury; but in case of urgency declared in any such Rules with the approval of the Minister, the same shall have effect unless and until they are disapproved by the Secretary of State, and notification of such disapproval is recorded and published by the Judge of the Supreme Court.\n\n156.—(1) The Court may in any case, if it thinks fit, on account of the poverty of a party or for any other reason, to be recorded in the Minutes, dispense with or remit the payment of any fee in whole or in part.\n\n(2) Payment of fees payable under any Rules to be made in pursuance of this Order, and of costs and of charges and expenses of witnesses, prosecutions, punishments, and deportations and of other charges and expenses, and of fines respectively payable under this Order, may be enforced under order of the Court by seizure and sale of goods, and, in default of sufficient goods by imprisonment as a civil prisoner for a term not exceeding one month, but such imprisonment shall not operate as a satisfaction or extinguishment of the liability.\n\n(3) Any bill of sale or mortgage, or transfer of property made with a view of avoiding seizure or sale of goods or ship under any provision of this Order, shall not be effectual to defeat the provisions of this Order.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-543-16 China- protection for Anglo-Chinese 13-2-1933 - 13-3-1934.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 552377, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-559-18 Employment of certificated officers on vessels holding Hong Kong passenger certificates 19-11-1936 - 19-11-1936", "page_number": 7, "title": "CO129-559-18 Employment of certificated officers on vessels holding Hong Kong passenger certificates 19-11-1936 - 19-11-1936", "content_text": "3 \n7 \n\ncommend itself. \n\nIt is hardly necessary to advise that a \"watch\" in sole charge at sea is performed by these unqualified ratings and thus a flagrant disregard of safety of life at sea becomes apparent, withal unwittingly committed. Furthermore, cases are in evidence (and these the Hon. Harbour Master can confirm) of vessels leaving this Colony in the typhoon season for coastal and adjacent ports and the cargoes of which were explosive oils, where but one duly certificated navigating officer is carried. Confirmatory information in this respect is on the files of this Guild. If additional authoritative condemnation of this permitted practice will be given the due regard it calls for, it is found in the words of Lord Merivale, who, in sitting with Assessors in enquiry into shipping losses in the North Atlantic in 1934 and where the three vessels lost with all hands carried two duly certificated navigating officers in addition to the master, observed (regarding the two mate system) \"The Law had been complied with but there was no margin for safety.\" This recording was supported by His Lordship's fellow Assessors. \n\nIf then, Sir, there is \"no margin for safety\" in the carrying of two duly certificated navigating officers in addition to the master, what margin exists where but one officer is the complement? \n\nMy Committee submits with all solemnity that Government cannot longer conscientiously disregard its obligations in this most serious position where shipping of this Colony is concerned and where the maximum safety of life at sea is paramount. \n\nIt undoubtedly calls for the immediate revision of Section 4, Paragraph 2(b) of the Merchant", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-559-18 Employment of certificated officers on vessels holding Hong Kong passenger certificates 19-11-1936 - 19-11-1936.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 557614, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-567-12 Hong Kong University 24-1-1938 - 24-1-1938", "page_number": 52, "title": "CO129-567-12 Hong Kong University 24-1-1938 - 24-1-1938", "content_text": "56\n\n20\n\n2. Resolved that before proceeding to deal in detail with the Report of the University (1937) Committee, the Senate desire to place on record its unanimous agreement with the Memorandum presented on behalf of the professorial staff to the University Court on May 21st, 1937.\n\n3. Resolved that the Senate considers it a matter for regret that in publishing a Report of such importance the Committee did not see fit to indicate more clearly the grounds upon which the findings were based, and that members of the staff of the University were not given an opportunity of examining the evidence and commenting on it before the findings were published.\n\n4. It was resolved that the members of the Senate observe with regret the deprecatory attitude of the Committee towards research, and declare their unanimous opinion that research is a necessary and integral function of every University.\n\nThe Senate, in regard to the context of the Committee's references to research, further desires to point out (a) that research does not form part of the work of undergraduates, (b) that research is not confined to scientific faculties and does not imply in itself the provision of new buildings, elaborate apparatus, and the like, which depend entirely upon the nature of the phenomena to be studied, (c) that an essential requirement for research is rather the provision of reasonable periods of freedom from routine duties for the purpose of observation, record, analysis and the embodiment of the results in the completed form.\n\n5. Proposed by Faculty of Medicine and endorsed by Senate: is of the opinion--\n\nThe Faculty\n\n(a) that the ambiguous remark concerning research in paragraph 45 of the Report must be based on an inadequate knowledge of the original work already accomplished in the University;\n\n(b) that the University should actively encourage its staff to undertake original work not only for the value of the research accomplished, but also for the undoubted stimulating effect such work has on the students in the departments;\n\n(c) that elaborate apparatus and equipment are not inevitable accompaniments of valuable research work.\n\n6. The following resolutions proposed by the Faculty of Engineering which are germane to, but do not arise directly out of, the Report were passed by the Senate:-\n\n(a) The Senate considers that the annual award of Honours Degrees in Engineering, by Assessors who are examiners in the University of London, and the record of post-graduate work done in Britain and America, afford convincing evidence that the instruction in engineering provided in this University is of a satisfactory standard.\n\n(b) The Faculty desires to recall in this connexion that in October, 1932, the Senate endorsed the opinion that \"If our graduates and/or undergraduates could look to a definite system of apprenticeship covering a reasonable period in well-equipped and efficiently controlled works under effective supervision, we believe a large proportion of them would 'make good', and we should be measurably nearer to the realization of those high hopes, for China, and the British Empire, and their mutual relations, expressed in 1909 by Mr. J. H. Scott and H.E. the Governor.\"\n\n(c) The Senate regrets that hitherto the Government and local engineering firms have failed to provide adequate or appropriate apprenticeships. It notes with satisfaction however that the number of apprenticeships available in the Public Works Department has recently been increased.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-567-12 Hong Kong University 24-1-1938 - 24-1-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 557735, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-567-12 Hong Kong University 24-1-1938 - 24-1-1938", "page_number": 173, "title": "CO129-567-12 Hong Kong University 24-1-1938 - 24-1-1938", "content_text": "# RESOLUTIONS PASSED BY THE SENATE AT ITS MEETINGS ON MARCH 3rd, MARCH 10th AND MARCH 17th, 1938, ON THE UNIVERSITY (1937) REPORT GENERALLY RATHER THAN ON PARTICULAR RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE REPORT.\n\n1. Resolved that the Senate is of the opinion, in view of the importance of the material contained in the University Blue Book of 1912 and the relevance of such material to the present discussions, that Government should be asked to reprint the Blue Book with the omission of plans and photographs.\n\n2. Resolved that before proceeding to deal in detail with the Report of the University (1937) Committee, the Senate desire to place on record its unanimous agreement with the Memorandum presented on behalf of the professorial staff to the University Court on May 21st, 1937.\n\n3. Resolved that the Senate considers it a matter for regret that in publishing a Report of such importance the Committee did not see fit to indicate more clearly the grounds upon which the findings were based, and that members of the staff of the University were not given an opportunity of examining the evidence and commenting on it before the findings were published.\n\n4. It was resolved that the members of the Senate observe with regret the deprecatory attitude of the Committee towards research, and declare their unanimous opinion that research is a necessary and integral function of every University.\n\nThe Senate, in regard to the context of the Committee's references to research, further desires to point out (a) that research does not form part of the work of undergraduates, (b) that research is not confined to scientific faculties and does not imply in itself the provision of new buildings, elaborate apparatus, and the like, which depend entirely upon the nature of the phenomena to be studied, (c) that an essential requirement for research is rather the provision of reasonable periods of freedom from routine duties for the purpose of observation, record, analysis and the embodiment of the results in the completed form.\n\n5. Proposed by Faculty of Medicine and endorsed by Senate: The Faculty is of the opinion---\n\n(a) that the ambiguous remark concerning research in paragraph 45 of the Report must be based on an inadequate knowledge of the original work already accomplished in the University;\n\n(b) that the University should actively encourage its staff to undertake original work not only for the value of the research accomplished, but also for the undoubted stimulating effect such work has on the students in the departments;\n\n(c) that elaborate apparatus and equipment are not inevitable accompaniments of valuable research work.\n\n6. The following resolutions proposed by the Faculty of Engineering which are germane to, but do not arise directly out of, the Report were passed by the Senate:-\n\n(a) The Senate considers that the annual award of Honours Degrees in Engineering, by Assessors who are examiners in the University of London, and the record of post-graduate work done in Britain and America, afford convincing evidence that the instruction in engineering provided in this University is of a satisfactory standard.\n\n(b) The Faculty desires to recall in this connexion that in October, 1932, the Senate endorsed the opinion that \"If our graduates and/or undergraduates could look to a definite system of apprenticeship covering a reasonable period in well equipped and efficiently controlled works under effective supervision, we believe a large proportion of them would \"make good\", and we should be measurably nearer to the realization of those high hopes, for China, and the British Empire, and their mutual relations, expressed in 1909 by Mr. J. H. Scott and H.E. the Governor\".\n\n(c) The Senate regrets that hitherto the Government and local engineering firms have failed to provide adequate or appropriate apprenticeships. It notes with satisfaction however that the number of apprenticeships available in the Public Works Department has recently been increased.\n\nPage 188", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-567-12 Hong Kong University 24-1-1938 - 24-1-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 559575, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-569-7 Revision of salaries 6-7-1938 - 11-10-1938", "page_number": 64, "title": "CO129-569-7 Revision of salaries 6-7-1938 - 11-10-1938", "content_text": "Comparisons have also been made with other technical posts, e.g. Assessors, Marine Surveyors, and Assistants, Aerodrome.\n\nAs to these it is difficult to make comparisons with other territories because comparatively few such territories have organized services in those branches. It will, however, be recalled that the Marine Surveyors recently submitted a petition, which was found to be in the main well founded, praying for the improvement of their salaries to something approximating to the standard of Public Works engineers. Comparison is also made of the position of Executive Engineers with that of such officers as the Superintendent of Crown Lands, Assessor and Government Marine Surveyor. There is, however, the important difference in the position of these officers that they are independent or semi-independent heads of departments and have no prospects of further promotion, to which an Executive Engineer can certainly aspire.\n\nI may add that neither the Assessor nor the Government Marine Surveyor regards the salary proposed for his post as adequate in relation to the salary now proposed for Executive Engineers.\n\n7.\n\nRepresentations are also made on the matter of promotion prospects. It is contended in the first place that serving officers are entitled to the preservation of existing prospects. This principle was definitely rejected in Mr. Ormsby-Gore's despatch No. 221 of 12th June, 1937, as quoted in paragraph 23 of the Anomalies Committee's Report. If that decision were not sufficient, it would be pertinent to point out that the majority of the petitioners joined the Service before 1930 and cannot claim to have been attracted to it by the salaries prescribed for senior posts by the Gollan Commission.\n\n8.\n\nMore generally, I fear that attention is concentrated too much on the Hong Kong Service itself. The theory of a unified Colonial Service is that higher posts are open to all officers in the unified services, not merely those in the particular Colony concerned.\n\nIn actual fact such particulars as", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-569-7 Revision of salaries 6-7-1938 - 11-10-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 572154, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-587-8 Crown leases 18-4-1940 - 17-3-1941", "page_number": 6, "title": "CO129-587-8 Crown leases 18-4-1940 - 17-3-1941", "content_text": "16. A. W. Looker\n\nI do not think it is necessary for G.D. to be represented at the interview, but we should hear what is settled. Walden wishes...\n\nMr. Looker called yesterday and discussed this question with Mr. Gent, Mr. Duncan, and myself. For the most part, he recapitulated the arguments in the Chamber of Commerce Special Committee's Report, supporting from his own experience their allegations that it had been for years generally accepted in Hong Kong that these 75-year leases would be renewed on their expiry without any demand for a premium. He definitely asserted that this did not arise from any ignorance on the part of the professional classes in Hong Kong of the English law of Leasehold as asserted by Mr. Butters. On the contrary, from his own practice in Hong Kong, he knew that solicitors and assessors were well aware of this English law, but that they took it as their normal rule of procedure that its provisions will not be applied in the Colony, and it was not until what Mr. Looker referred to as a new generation in Government that any question of so applying leasehold procedure in respect of these leases arose. Mr. Looker admitted that his researches into amortization had shown one case where the Government assessor had made allowance for amortization in assessing the value of the estate on the Peak.\n\nIt was clear from what Mr. Looker said that there would be the strongest opposition among the leaseholders to the exaction of a premium as such. They recognised, however, that they would have to pay an increased Crown rent, and Mr. Looker, though he asked that he should not be quoted as saying so, seemed to think that they would be ready to accept an increase even above \"the fair and reasonable\" value of the lease which would take into account the Government reversionary interest, while at the same time making allowance for the development of the lease by the holding tenant. The Government of Hong Kong has said that it does not care if it gets its reversionary interest in the form of a premium or an increased ground rent, and since the leaseholders seem to attach importance to the form, I think the Government will be well satisfied with the substance by taking an increased rent on the lines mentioned above. The number of leaseholders concerned is clearly very small, though we do not know what proportion it forms to total leases.\n\nIt was decided to leave taking up the question with Hong Kong until Sir Geoffry Northcote had returned to the Colony, but in anticipation of that, I have tried my hand at...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-587-8 Crown leases 18-4-1940 - 17-3-1941.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 580860, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-593-6 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee papers 1-1-1939 - 31-12-1946", "page_number": 15, "title": "CO129-593-6 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee papers 1-1-1939 - 31-12-1946", "content_text": "## \n15 \n\nPreliminary Training in Hong Kong - Final Training in Home University \n\n(A) | 4 | - | 2 | \n|---|---|---|---|\n| | | Practical Training as Post-graduate Apprentices in Great Britain. | \nTotal: | 6 | * | (Period required for Pure Science Degree). \n\n(B) | | 3 Years. | \n|---|---|---|\n| | | | \n(C) | | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | # 6 Years. \n|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n\n\nFor Electrical Engineers the choice would seem to lie between (A) and (C) and for Mechanical between (B) and (C). The business of making the final decision in favour of (A) or (B) or (C) should, I think, be left in the hands of a small committee. If one or more of our former London Assessors would consent to serve on this committee so much the better. (Whatever scheme is adopted, however, it is essential that all engineering students during their first two years should attend classes in Drawing, Mechanics and Workshop practice).\n\n## ADDITIONAL POINTS\n\nProposed School of Architecture. The suggestion that the University should found a School of Architecture was warmly received at the meeting on March 25th, where it was pointed out (1) that the cost of equipping and running such a school is comparatively low and (2) that if, as was the case a few years ago, there is no School of Architecture worthy of the name in China, this would be a means of attracting students to the University from China and the Far East generally.\n\nAs the courses for Civil Engineers and Architects have a great deal in common there is much to be said for a combined School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, housed in the proposed building on Pokfulam Rd. (An additional storey would probably meet the situation). Students in the Far East will undoubtedly appreciate the opportunity of obtaining a sound training in Architecture without having to go to Europe or America for it. And a school in which, presumably, the best features of Western and Eastern Architecture will be studied side by side has interesting possibilities.\n\nScholarships for Civil Engineers. Owing to the concentration of attention, in the past, on the problem of attracting students to the weaker departments of Mechanical and Electrical engineering, the interests of the", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-593-6 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee papers 1-1-1939 - 31-12-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 588059, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-606-5 Hong Kong Loan- Financial settlement 2-3-1948 - 4-10-1948", "page_number": 47, "title": "CO129-606-5 Hong Kong Loan- Financial settlement 2-3-1948 - 4-10-1948", "content_text": "46\n\nat the end of the war occurred during the period of requisition or (ii) the vessel can be shown to have been a constructive Total Loss, there appears to be no liability on the Requisitioning authority for such damage. There is a quibble on the wording of the law and it is doubtful if the requisitioning authority would wish to take it.\n\nIn the absence of original surveys and after this long interval, it is probably quite impossible to establish with certainty the condition of the ferries was at any particular time. I assume that the period of requisition may in cases of this kind be taken or have terminated at the date of sinking or capture.\n\n(c) There is no doubt that all launches, etc., were requisitioned for use and, on the law as printed, the values are to be determined on the higher formula.\n\n(a) In view of the ambiguities and inconsistencies in the legal provisions for compensation, which alone could be enforced in a court of law, I am sure that it would be greatly in the interest of the Hong Kong Government to avoid the establishment of the Shipping Claims Tribunal provided for under the Regulations, and instead to seek to negotiate settlements on a broad basis, if possible through a limited number of representative channels, e.g., solicitors representing (i) the river shipowners, (ii) the ferry owners, and (iii) the launch owners. If these cases came before a Tribunal bound only by the Compensation (Defence) Regulations, it would be difficult to avoid inconsistencies and might well prove more expensive in the long run.\n\nThe aim should be to play down the wording of the Regulations, while admitting liability under them, and to reach an equitable settlement without reference to its terms.\n\nRegulation 17 foresees the negotiation of agreements outside the strict terms of the Regulations.\n\n(e) The following is a suggestion as to the basis on which a negotiated settlement might be attempted:\n\nValues:-\n\nHire:-\n\nOut-of-Pockets:\n\n1939 Hull and Machinery values plus 15%, as calculated by a local firm of Surveyors on the basis of second-hand prices to present owners or cost price, if not a second-hand ship depreciated in accordance with the estimated life of the vessel, allowance being made (a) for alteration up to 1939 in the values of currency and (b) major repairs.\n\nNo hire would be payable in respect of the period from 8th December, 1941, till the date of loss.\n\nIf owners had any expenses in December 1941 of which they can now produce proof, e.g., for maintenance of crews, these should be met as if the ship had been on bareboat charter.\n\nDamaged Recovered Vessels:- If the cost of repairs, including salvage, in Hong Kong dollars exceeds the sum calculated as above for the value of the vessel, the liability of the Hong Kong Government should be limited to the value. Otherwise, the Hong Kong Government should pay the actual cost of rehabilitation to a state considered fair in the circumstances by a local firm of Surveyors.\n\nI would recommend the appointment of the firm of Messrs. Carmichael & Clark, British Corporation Agents, in Hong Kong, as assessors for this purpose. They are probably familiar with all the craft in question from before the war.\n\nMACHINERY FOR SETTLEMENT.\n\n9.\n\n(a) I would suggest that a small committee be formed representing the Hong Kong Government, the three Services, and, since I have been involved, possibly it should have a neutral chairman. The Committee should be provided by the Hong Kong Government with a Secretary who would handle day-to-day negotiations.\n\nA carefully drafted notice should be gazetted to the effect that this Committee had been appointed.\n\nThe Secretary would arrange to receive claims and have them assessed by the Assessors. After assessment and verification, so far as now possible, of the facts of each claim, which in many cases might be very difficult, he would submit a recommended settlement to the Committee, which would then have an opportunity of approving it, before\n\n-9-", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-606-5 Hong Kong Loan- Financial settlement 2-3-1948 - 4-10-1948.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]