[ { "id": 260832, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-103 - Others - 1864", "page_number": 59, "title": "CO129-103 - Others - 1864", "content_text": "34\n\nSeptember last, when he brought Mr. Tarrant to trial for libel, the verdict and sentence of which is well known, and which trial would probably not have taken place, but for Mr. Tarrant boldly accusing Conner, considered a most malicious and unmanly manner, namely, assuming that Colonel Caine, who had taken his passage for England, in the Peninsula and Oriental Company's steamer \"Grenada,\" of 24th August, would assuredly embark then; and he published, on that date, in the overland edition of his newspaper, the libel upon which he was convicted, but abstained from doing so in his local edition of the Friend of China.\n\nHad, therefore, Colonel Caine embarked, he would have been kept for some months in ignorance of the infamous attack made upon his character, and have been debarred all means of defence. For years previously to this last libel Colonel Caine had determined to treat anything to which Mr. Tarrant could give utterance against him with contempt, the more so as his charges had been in the first instance formally found to be \"groundless and without foundation,\" and in this opinion he had been strongly supported by his friends.\n\nLIBEL CASE-In the Supreme Court of Hong Kong, September, 1857. The Queen (on the information of Lieutenant-Colonel Caine) v. William Tarrant. The Honourable Mr. Adams acting Chief Justice.\n\nThe 20th day of September, 1859. VERDICT, as delivered by the foreman of the Special Jury\n\n\"We unanimously find the defendant Guilty of the libel charged against him; and we find also that he has totally failed to connect Lieutenant-Colonel Caine, in even the remotest degree, with the various corrupt practices falsely alleged against him therein.\"\n\n21st day of September, 1859. SENTENCE. That the defendant, William Tarrant, be imprisoned in the common gaol at Victoria, in the colony of Hong Kong, for twelve calendar months, and pay a fine of fifty pounds to Her Majesty, and to be further imprisoned till the said fine be paid.\"\n\n(Signed) \"W. H. ALEXANDER.\n\nRegistrar, Supreme Court.\"\n\nThe Special Jury consisted of Messrs. M. M. Beckwith, head of the house of Russell and Co.; G. A. Weiner, head of the house of Lindsay and Co.; Alfred Wilkinson, head of his own firm; James I. Mackenzie, partner in Dent and Co.'s; Donald W. Mackenzie, head of D. W. Mackenzie and Co.'s; Henry Rutter, in charge of Commercial Bank; and R. M. Reddie, of the firm of Holliday, Wise and Co.'s.\n\nThe above are true extracts.\n\n(Signed)\n\nW. CAINE.\n\nHong Kong Overland China Chronicle, February 15, 1860.\n\nThere can be no doubt,\" (here quotes verdict of jury) \"that Mr. Tarrant firmly believed that Colonel Caine had done him grievous wrong in the matter of his dismissal from the Government appointment which he held, which dismissal, we may observe in passing, was confirmed by Earl Grey; and that in consequence he had incessantly attacked Colonel Caine with unrelenting animosity. In the excess of his anger he listened too credulously to the tales and gossips of others, and became the instrument through which publicity was given to libels which, at the time of trial, he was unable to defend or establish.\n\n\"Looking at the aggravated character of the libel itself, and bearing in mind that for a comparatively trifling libel another editor was sentenced, some time ago, to six months' imprisonment, we cannot honestly say that we should condemn the period of twelve months as being too long, provided that the nature of the imprisonment were such, as, for a like offence, an offending editor would be confined in a gaol in England. This colony had unhappily attained an unenviable notoriety for the number and virulence of its libels; the press was but too often made the vehicle of personal malignity and private spite, and even the privacy of domestic life afforded no security against the attacks of reckless libellers.\"\n\nIn February, 1860, Lieutenant-Colonel Caine received from the China trading population of Hong Kong, a piece of plate, in the form of a Chinese looking-glass, about 18 inches high, bearing a dedication, in Chinese, to the following effect: A tribute of praise to the good administration of Lieutenant-Governor Caine. We look for your Excellency as for the coming of the new year; and although you are far from us, we forget not to obey.\n\n\"Respectfully presented by the Chinese trading population of Hong Kong.\"\n\n35\n\n57\n\n7", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-103 - Others - 1864.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 297960, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-173 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [1-3]", "page_number": 421, "title": "CO129-173 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [1-3]", "content_text": "when laid out (not from the bocksfit or preliminary quage line) to the nearest point of the Magazine Boundary wall to be preserved. (2). It wall to shut off the Southern end of the Magazine enclosure from the road of each elevation an Extent as the Commanding Royal Engineer may consider necessary.\n\nrecovery at the Expense of the Colony to be erected Major Several Brunker has not yet received from that War Office probably the instructions which are on their way to him, and until their arrival he would wish not to take any steps with regard to making formal transfer of the land.\n\n(Signed) Wilkinson Shaw\n\nA. & Q. Quarter Master General\n\nMr. 311\n\nGift than Colonel Commanding\n\nB\n\n$4 Colonial Secretary's Office.\n\nColonial Secretary's Office. 418\n\nHongkong 2nd July 1868.\n\nI have the honor to acknowledge your communication of the 27th June No. I and to acquaint you in reply thereto by direction of the Governor that His Excellency concurs in the conditions specified by the Major General in Event. of the formation of the road being hereafter undertaken by the Colony.\n\n(Signed) J. Jardine.\n\nActing Colonial Secretary\n\nDeputy Asst. Quarter Master General", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-173 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 297999, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-173 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [1-3]", "page_number": 460, "title": "CO129-173 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [1-3]", "content_text": "457\n\n1X\n\nthe\n\non\n\nSecretary of State for War by the outgoing mail of the 22 proximo,\n\nsubject of the proposed cession to the Colonial Government of a portion of the War Department Reserves at Victoria.\n\nI am to add that copies of all the recent correspondence relative to the Macdonnell's sheds and of Captain Wilkinson Shaw's letter No. 27th June 1868, of which you are already in possession will accompany the Colonel Commanding's Despatch.\n\n(Signed) J. J. Chamberlain\n\nOfficiating Assistant Military Secretary\n\nColonel Bassano C.B. to the Right Honorable The Secretary of State for War:\n\nHead Quarters\n\nHongkong 28 February 1876\n\nIn pursuance of my letter No. 4260 of 26 February 1876 I now have the honor to forward a report on the subject, dated 8th February 1876, from the Governor to the Secretary of State for the Colonies on the proposed cession of certain War Department Lands at Victoria.\n\nThe Right Honorable\n\nThe Secretary of State for War -", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-173 - Sir Kennedy - 1876 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 334932, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "page_number": 214, "title": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "content_text": "211\n\n22022\n\n2.83\n\nMessrs Caldwell & Wilkinson, Machine on to the staff the Col. Seely\n\n50 Queen's Road,\n\nHong Kong 15th February 1887.\n\nTo\n\nFred. Sieverts Esq.\n\nActg. Colonial Secretary\n\nSir,\n\nColonel Li Loi, acting Governor under the Viceroy of Canton, is anxious to learn whether any instructions have been received by you from the Consul at Canton relative to Ting Sam Wong Yiu Shing, and six others and begs that, if no such instructions have been received, a telegram of enquiry should be sent to the said Consul.\n\nWe have &c.\n\nCaldwell & Wilkinson\n\nPage 212\n\n...\n\nPage 213", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 334933, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "page_number": 215, "title": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "content_text": "212\n\nCody\n\nMessrs Calhrul Wickinson to the Acty. Col. Scoly\n\n50 Queen's Road\n\nStoughton 16th February 1887\n\nThe Hon. J. Stewart\n\nActy. Colonial Secretary\n\nSir\n\nWe have the honour to forward the application of Colonel Li Loi (who is charged by His Excellency the Governor of Hainan(?) with the matter) for the apprehension of Chung Achuen and seven others in virtue of order 12 of 1850.\n\nColonel Li Loi expressly desires that in the event of a warrant being granted that no Chinese Police should be concerned in its execution. If therefore the Captain Superintendent of", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 334975, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "page_number": 257, "title": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "content_text": "254\n\nChent will be discharged.\n\nThe Chief Magistrate have applied for his re-arrest (C.S.O.1371), and all will be ready for that purpose before he leaves the Gaol.\n\n15 June, 1887.\n\nFrederick Newart\n\nActing Colonial Secretary\n\nmet Caldwell & Wilkinson to Actg. Col.\n\n(Copy)\n\nThe Honble\n\nSir,\n\n50.\n\nSecretary\n\nQueen's Road\n\nHongkong, 14th June, 1887.\n\nWe have the honour to forward herewith application of Colonel Li Loi for the apprehension of Ching Chuen alias Leong Shing in virtue of Ordinance No 4 of 1850.\n\nWe have the honor to be,\n\nSir,\n\nYour most obedient servants,\n\nCaldwell & Wilkinson\n\nFred. Newart, LL.D.,\n\nActing Colonial Secretary\n\nPage 1\n\n47\n\n2.4.\n\n14", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 334989, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "page_number": 271, "title": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "content_text": "Informes that no action need be taken on this letter until I learn further from him.\n\nThe original application refers to several crimes committed by the accused without specifying them. If the accused is to be re-arrested, Mr Wilkinson will formulate a fresh charge against him.\n\nThe case now pending against the accused has been adjourned for a week.\n\n2.8.87. Minute by the Acting Attorney General\n\nThe parties have had a week to bring fresh charges and have done nothing.\n\nThe Colonel in his letter of the 2nd instant, does not allege any reason why the Governor should issue a warrant. Before the Governor can act under section 4 of the Ordinance, some reason should be given.\n\n8.8.87. Minute by the Acting Attorney General C. J. Ackroyd\n\nI was under the impression from what was stated in the Executive Council on Wednesday that it was of the opinion...\n\nPage XX\n\nhas been removed as it is not six lines, and the content is not related to the rest of the text. The Tibetan text \"སྤྲུག་ཏུ་མཇུམ་།།\" is also removed as it seems out of context and not related to the rest of the content.\n\nHere is the revised output in HTML format:\n\nInformes that no action need be taken on this letter until I learn further from him.\n\nThe original application refers to several crimes committed by the accused without specifying them. If the accused is to be re-arrested, Mr Wilkinson will formulate a fresh charge against him.\n\nThe case now pending against the accused has been adjourned for a week.\n\n2.8.87. Minute by the Acting Attorney General\n\nThe parties have had a week to bring fresh charges and have done nothing.\n\nThe Colonel in his letter of the 2nd instant, does not allege any reason why the Governor should issue a warrant. Before the Governor can act under section 4 of the Ordinance, some reason should be given.\n\n8.8.87. Minute by the Acting Attorney General C. J. Ackroyd\n\nI was under the impression from what was stated in the Executive Council on Wednesday that it was of the opinion...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 335086, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "page_number": 368, "title": "CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12]", "content_text": "來問十二順德\n\nW. Dennys object that \"divers act murder and burglary\" are specific offence, and that prisoner is entitled to know what the specific offence is with which he is charged.\n\nAugust.\n\nCase to be heard on G. off H. 4. Witshell - Lunes.\n\n16th August, 1889.\n\n27th August 1887.\n\nDefendant in Count shop lifting for prosecution W. Damp for defence.\n\nColonel Li Loi is entered as complainant in the case instead of Inspector Innicus.\n\nCharge by A V Wilkinson.\n\nThe charge against defendant is that he together with others burglariously attacked the dwelling home of Kwan at the Jimny I 'i villas Shapi K", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-234 - Acting Governor Cameron Governor Des Voeus - 1887 [9-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 372564, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-292 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [6-8]", "page_number": 559, "title": "CO129-292 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [6-8]", "content_text": "Enclosure No. 1.\n\n556\n\nThe Officers of the Corps also continue to render good service; they set an admirable example to the Non-Commissioned Officers and Men under their command, and do as much as possible to promote the efficiency of the Corps.\n\n14. Corps Quartermaster Sergeant G. WATLING has discharged his duties in a most satisfactory manner, and has rendered very efficient service in connection with the various gun practices, competitions, etc., during the year, and particularly at the Camp of Instruction.\n\n15. The Instructors for the Field Battery, \"A\" Machine Gun Co., Band, Signalling, and Ambulance Classes, have proved themselves very efficient and painstaking, and have discharged their duties to my entire satisfaction.\n\n16. The Non-Commissioned Officers and Men of the Corps have, with few exceptions, attended regularly and shown a praiseworthy desire to make themselves smart and efficient; their conduct and good feeling in Camp and on all occasions has been exceedingly good.\n\nREGULATIONS.\n\n17. The proposed new Regulations for the Corps were, after many various alterations and after much care and thought on the part of Major Sir J. W. CARRINGTON, Knt., C.M.G., submitted through you for His Excellency the General Officer Commanding, and His Excellency the Governor-in-Council's approval on the 4th instant.\n\nThe recommendations of the Committee held last year on the interior economy, etc., of the Corps, and sanctioned by C.S.O. No. 2581, dated 17th January, 1899, have been embodied in them.\n\nMISCELLANEOUS MATTERS.\n\n18. The Annual Inspection of the Corps by His Excellency the Major-General Commanding was held on the 29th ultimo.\n\nThe parade state on that occasion is shown in Enclosure No. 6.\n\nHONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.\n\nFIELD BATTERY.\n\nNominal Roll of Efficients for the Year ending 16th April, 1899.\n\n \n Rank and Name\n Corps Number\n Rank and Name\n Corps Number\n \n \n Captain Chapman, A.\n \n Gunner Dean, J. T.\n 238\n \n \n Slade, M. W.\n \n Donaldson, T.\n 50\n \n \n Colonel Mainwaring, K. B.\n 243\n Ellis, O. J.\n 267\n \n \n Captain Bland, W. St. C.\n \n Ellis, D. E.\n 282\n \n \n Royal Artillery, Adjutant\n \n Surgeon-Captain Lowson, J. A.\n 231\n \n \n Lieutenant Stedman, F. O.\n 269\n \n \n \n \n Medical Officers\n \n Lieutenant Macdonald, D.\n 186\n \n \n Quarter-Master Sergeant Watling, G. W.\n 272\n \n \n \n \n Corps Quarter-Master Sergeant (Staff)\n \n Acting Battery Sergeant-Major Duncan, G. L.\n 304\n \n \n \n 275\n Farr, A. J. M.\n \n \n \n \n 71\n Higgins, F.\n \n \n \n \n 149\n Humphreys, A.\n \n \n \n \n 150\n Halden, G. M. P.\n \n \n \n \n 302\n Herbst, E.\n \n \n \n \n 13\n Hatherly, E. W. F.\n \n \n \n \n 11\n Howarth, H. C.\n \n \n \n \n \n Hauen, C. E. A.\n \n \n \n \n 153\n Hance, J. H. R.\n \n \n \n Battery Quarter-Master Sergeant Coyle, J.\n \n Henderson, R.\n \n \n \n Sergeant-Drummer Brown, A.\n 251\n Hubbard, A.\n \n \n \n \n \n Kennett, H. S.\n 9\n \n \n Sergeant Hayward, G. C.\n 3\n \n 153\n \n \n \n 159\n Kennedy, D. F.\n 252\n \n \n \n 118\n Lammert, L. E.\n 18\n \n \n McPhail, H.\n 223\n \n \n \n \n \n 3\n Lee, J. R.\n 24\n \n \n Armstrong, J. H. W.\n 259\n Kennett, H. W.\n 278\n \n \n \n \n \n 34\n \n \n Parvell, W. H.\n 283\n \n 107\n \n \n Acting Sergeant Rutter, R. V.\n 293\n \n 127\n \n \n Corporal Meek, T.\n 313\n \n 49\n \n \n \n \n Humphreys, W. M.\n 240\n \n \n \n 4\n Ramsey, W. F.\n 210\n \n \n \n \n \n 40\n \n \n Stopani, W. A.\n 141\n \n \n \n \n \n \n White, G.\n 124\n \n \n \n 105\n \n 101\n \n \n Acting Corporal Gow, D.\n \n Millar, J.\n 249\n \n \n \n BIS\n \n \n \n \n Baker, J.\n \n \n 306\n \n \n \n 25\n Olson, J.\n 204\n \n \n Bombardier Nobbe, A. P.\n 301\n \n \n \n \n \n 191\n Smart, C. McD.\n 102\n \n \n \n 100\n Deas, W. M.\n \n \n \n Acting Bombardier Wilson, G. T.\n 106\n \n 241\n \n \n \n \n Hari, W.\n 163\n \n \n \n 200\n \n 263\n \n \n Trumpeter Plouston, C.\n 203\n Moore, S. R.\n 192\n \n \n \n 2+\n \n 305\n \n \n Gunner Abraham, E.\n 256\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Seth, H. A.\n 25\n \n \n \n 197\n Bentley, R. J. H.\n 317\n \n \n \n 71\n Lammert, H. A.\n \n \n \n Lysaught, J.\n \n \n \n \n \n Lapsley, R.\n \n Beuning, T.\n 151\n \n \n Logan, J. C.\n \n \n 15\n \n \n MacDonald, W. J.\n \n Sayer, E. A. R.\n 190\n \n \n Mody, J. H.\n \n Brett, L. E.\n 71\n \n \n Melver, M.\n \n \n 247\n \n \n Mackie, A. J.\n \n \n 116\n \n \n Moller, J. A.\n \n Begley, A. J.\n \n \n \n McLeish, P.\n \n \n > \n \n \n Pidgeon, J. H.\n \n Toller, W.\n 311\n \n \n Patton, G.\n \n \n 315\n \n \n Reid, A.\n \n Baker, F. H.\n \n \n \n Stewart, W.\n \n \n **\n \n \n Sutton, A. I.\n \n Tuohy, G.\n 276\n \n \n Sanderson, J. S.\n \n \n 267\n \n \n \n 277\n \n 1\n \n \n Soth, S. A.\n \n Burgess, J. R.\n \n \n \n Spittles, B. J.\n \n Taylor, W. C.\n 201\n \n \n \n \n Thomson, W. M.\n 27\n \n \n \n \n Bevan, H. S.\n 166\n \n \n \n \n \n 41\n \n \n \n \n \n 15\n \n \n Toppiu, W. J.\n \n Baker, W. A.\n 187\n \n \n \n 268\n \n 229\n \n \n \n \n Cumpston, W. H.\n 17\n \n \n \n \n Uphill, A.\n 155\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Warren, C. E.\n 286\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Craig, R. H.\n 206\n \n \n \n \n Wilkinson, S.\n 279\n \n \n Chamant, A. E.\n 280\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wynne, H. S.\n 300\n \n \n Chummut, F. G.\n 287\n \n \n \n \n \n \"1\n Wheeler, H. S.\n 213\n \n \n \n \n \n 73\n \n \n Cotton, J. T.\n 143\n \n \n \n \n \n >\n Crispin, C. R.\n 10\n \n \n \n \n \n 33;\n \n\n(3 Officers.)\n\n(90 Non-Commissioned Officers and Men.)\n\n19. Surgeon-Captain F. O. STEDMAN, M.D. (Lond.), again conducted a course of lectures on Ambulance Work, accompanied with Stretcher Drills. 9 members presented themselves for examination, which was conducted by Major WATSON, R.A. Medical Corps: of the examinates 8 were successful.\n\n20. I have to request that the Chief Ordnance Officer, China, may be asked to keep up the usual quantities of 7-pounder R.M.L. Gun Ammunition for use of the Corps, to be indented for as required on repayment. Very little more Martini-Henry Carbine Ammunition, ball or blank, will, it is thought, be required by the Corps as the re-arming with the new Carbine of 303 calibre has been sanctioned, and it is hoped they will be received during the ensuing summer.\n\n21. The Local Government having sanctioned the proposals of the Committee held on the 29th September, 1898, it is felt that the result of their proposals cannot fail to add to the general efficiency of the Corps.\n\n22. During the past season attention has been drawn to the necessity for the re-arming of the Field Battery with a more modern gun than the 7-pounder R.M.L. in their possession. The question has been gone into fully (Vide this Office No. 8 dated 15th March, 1899), and it is hoped that the newest pattern gun may be supplied to the Corps.\n\n23. Attention has also been drawn (Vide this Office No. 5, dated 14th February, 1899) to the unserviceable state of the 120 Machine Gun belts on Corps charge, and the question of replacing the 45 with 303\" barrels to the 12 machine guns on Corps charge has also been gone into (Vide this Office No. 4, dated 17th April, 1899).\n\n24. The report of the Committee of Officers of the Corps on the question of uniform of the several ranks of the Corps was embodied in the new draft Regulations submitted recently for approval.\n\n25. Requisitions for the Capitation Grant for Efficients and Proficients have been sent direct to the Honourable the Colonial Treasurer.\n\n26. It will be seen from this report that the progress of the Corps remains good and the interest shown by the Government and the Legislature during the past season cannot but have a good effect on the Corps in general.\n\nMajor Sir J. W. CARRINGTON, Knt., C.M.G., and Commandant, proceeded on leave on the 5th instant, from which date I assumed command.\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nSir,\n\nYour obedient Servant,\n\nR. B. MAINWARING, Colonel, Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.\n\nR. B. MAINWARING, Colonel, Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-292 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 387030, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902", "page_number": 485, "title": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902", "content_text": "Any further communication should be addressed to:- \n\n**ASSISTANT SECRETARY, (RAILWAY DEPARTMENT), BOARD OF TRADE**, \n\n7, WHITEHALL GARDENS, LONDON, S.W. \n\nThe following letter and number should be quoted:- \n\n`128`. \n\nTelegraphic Address, \n\n**BOARD TRADE, RAILWAY, LONDON**, \n\nBOARD OF TRADE, \n(RAILWAY DEPARTMENT) \n| RELD \nC.O \n480 \n1354 \nBest 11 JAN 12 \n\n7, WHITEHALL GARDENS, \nLONDON, S.W., \n10th January 1902. \n\nSir, \n\nRe: Hongkong Tramways. \nNo. 43745/01 \n45833 \n\nI am directed by the Board of Trade to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 2nd instant on the subject of the above-named Tramways, and in reply to state for the information of Mr Secretary Chamberlain that there is no objection on their part to the interview sought by the adviser of the Eastern Extension Australia and China Telegraph Company with the Board's Electrical Adviser. Mr Wilkinson will doubtless put himself in communication with Mr Trotter (whose office is at 8 Richmond Terrace, Whitehall) for the purpose of arranging such interview. I am at the same time to forward, in compliance with the request made in your letter of the 12th ultimo, copies of further Memoranda by Colonel Yorke and Mr Trotter on certain matters on which advice has been sought by the Hong Kong Government, together with a Memorandum by Mr Trotter on the Specifications and Drawings supplied in respect of the Tramways in question. \n\nI am to add that the Board do not propose to ask for any fee in payment for such services as their Officers have been able to render in this matter. \n\nUnder Secretary of State, \nColonial Office.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 395258, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904", "page_number": 595, "title": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nFOOCHOW-ORENA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nNo. 1.\n\n592\n\n[October 3.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nConsul-General Wilkinson to the Marquess of Lansdowne.--(Received October 3.)\n\n(No. 9.) My Lord,\n\nYunnan, August 18, 1904.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inclose copy of a despatch which I have to-day addressed to His Majesty's Minister on the expediency of at once securing for British exploitation the concession of a railway from Burmah via Tali to Yünnan-fu.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) W. H. WILKINSON.\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\nConsul-General Wilkinson to Sir E. Satow.\n\n(No. 22. Confidential.)\n\nSir,\n\nYünnan-fu, August 18, 1904.\n\nI HAD the honour to receive, on the 13th instant, your telegram No. 16 in reply to my telegram No. 14 of the 29th June.\n\nYou tell me that His Majesty's Government could not authorize the application I had suggested for the concession of a railway from Burmah to Tali and Yunnan-fu because there is no present prospect of capital being forthcoming.\n\nI was aware of the position which His Majesty's Government have generally adopted, not to apply themselves for a Railway or other Concession in a foreign country, but to wait until their offices were requested by British capitalists. At the same time, I felt, and continue to strongly feel, that the present is a case where an exception should be made. To quote from the Memorandum respecting Railways (Inclosure No. 3 in Colonel Manifold's letter to the Foreign Office, copy of which was furnished to me in your despatch No. 4 of the 7th April last):\n\n\"The great importance of the Burmah line rests in the fact of its counter-balancing the French railway from Tonquin. When once the latter is completed, communication between Burmah and the Upper Yang-tsze will be cut off, and there will be a chance of Yunnan becoming practically a French province. A railway from Burmah, if constructed for the present up to Yunnan-fu, would save this.\"\n\nAgain (Major Davies' \"Military Report on Yunnan,\" Part I, p. 90): \"The French are just now (1899) going to begin the construction of a railway up to Yünnan-fu, and they expect to reach there in seven years. Any railway we may make from Burmah to the Yang-tsze must also pass near or through Yünnan-fu. The point is of vital importance to us, as a French occupation of Yunnan-fu would cut off Burmah from the Yang-tsze Valley and thus prevent the construction of a connecting line between India and China.\"\n\nIf we must describe a French railway from Tonquin to Yunnan-fu as a grave obstacle to the connection of India with our sphere of influence on the Upper Yang-tsze, what are we to say of a French railway to Tali? Though the French were to occupy Yunnan-fu, it is possible that we could still develop the old trade route from Burmah through Tali into the Chienchang Valley; but with Tali also under French domination, our sole remaining access from India into Szechuan would be Sarat Chaudra Das' suggested road from Sadiya to Batang, or the still more problematical passage via Lhassa to Tachienlu.\n\nThat the French contemplate an extension of the Laokai-Yunnan-fu Railway westward to Tali has been made evident by the insertion on their official railway maps of an \"embranchement vers Tali.\" Article 11 of their Agreement of the 28th October last gives them the right to construct \"des embranchements se rattachant à la ligne principale.\"\n\nIt is true that such construction cannot, according to the Agreement, be made until after the completion of the main line, and that it is dependent on an 'accord' with the provincial authorities of Yunnan and an 'entente' between the ...\n\n[2216 c-1]\n\n65", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 423410, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "page_number": 14, "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909", "content_text": "## CONFIDENTIAL.\n\n### No. 1.\n\n#### SECTION 1.\n\n**Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received October 18.) (No. 355.)**\n\nPeking, September 28, 1909.\n\nTHE question of the improvement of the navigability of the Liao River, to which you allude in your despatch No. 241 of the 16th ultimo, has, as you are aware, been the subject of several exchanges of views between the Chinese local authorities and the consular body at Newchwang, and has also been urged by myself upon the attention of the Central Government. In my despatch No. 148 of the 9th April last I reported upon the scheme of improvement of this waterway drawn up by Mr. Hughes, the civil engineer in the employment of the Manchurian Government. On the 6th May last I took advantage of the presence here of Hsi Liang, the then new Viceroy of Manchuria, to impress upon his Excellency at a personal interview the importance of the question, and the unwisdom in China's own interests of allowing trade to be diverted to Dalny, which would in the natural course of events go to Newchwang. I also instructed His Majesty's consul-general at Mukden and the consul at Newchwang to continue their efforts locally. Finally, on the 19th May last, I joined with my American, German, and Japanese colleagues in addressing a note to Prince Ch'ing (copy of which was transmitted to you in my despatch No. 198 of the 27th May last), in which his Highness's attention was drawn to the urgent needs of the situation. To this note no reply has been received from the Chinese Government, but negotiations have been proceeding locally and a certain amount of progress has been made, the full details of which are contained in the enclosed despatch from His Majesty's consul at Newchwang, which sums up the latest information on the subject.\n\nAs usual, the great difficulty in the way has been the provision of funds. A sum of some 500,000 dollars to 600,000 dollars is needed for the works which are indispensable. Of this sum 100,000 dollars have already been raised by the taotai by means of a loan from a native bank secured by a tax of 5 dollars per annum on native boats, and the question remaining is where to apply for the balance required. The finances of Manchuria are not in a condition to make it reasonable to apply to the local authorities. On the other hand, the Central Government are finding increasing difficulty in providing funds for the numerous projects which they are attempting, and the claim of the Huangpu Conservancy to a grant to carry on important schemes of improvement, which the diplomatic body are at present pressing upon the acceptance of the Wai-wu Pu, is likely to exhaust any resources at their disposal. It is consequently not from official sources that the necessary aid would seem to be forthcoming, and I think that the solution will eventually be found in the adoption of some scheme of taxation at Newchwang as foreshadowed in Mr. Wilkinson's enclosed despatch. It is not unfair to expect the foreign shipping and the foreign community at Newchwang, in the circumstances, to bear some part of the cost of an undertaking from which they will derive so much benefit, and I shall do my best to get such a scheme finally adopted, when its details have been worked out locally, in spite of the opposition of the Japanese.\n\nAs I have already pointed out in several of my preceding despatches, Newchwang is the natural outlet for British trade in Manchuria, and the great development in export of beans which forms the subject of my despatch No. 351 of the 27th instant makes it increasingly important that no effort should be spared to preserve treaty rights in Manchuria, and to keep open a trade route on which British commerce is not handicapped. The privileged position of the Japanese, owing to their control of the principal means of communication, is a frequent subject of complaint on the part of British merchants, and it would be little less than a disaster to our interests if we allowed Newchwang to decay, which is the one Manchurian port where the principle of commercial equality still obtains, not in theory merely, but in actual practice.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN.\n\nPage 13\n\n## \n\n2 \n\nWith reference to the above, and to your despatch re a communication made to you by M. Sazonoff, the purport of what I have recently heard in conversation may be of interest, more particularly as regards the Japanese military attaché.\n\n2. My American colleague told me that lately when he was in Sweden an officer of the German general staff said that the general staff in Berlin was much concerned by the reports it was receiving from its officers in Japan who described the preparations for war there as \"feverish.\" He then led the conversation to a discussion as to what Japan's possible action might be in a war either against Russia or the United States. My colleague thought little of this until on arriving here he found the Russian press discussing Japan's attitude.\n\n3. The following is the gist of remarks made by the Japanese military attaché here in private conversation :----\n\nThe thought of Japan initiating a war with Russia is absurd, and that of her attacking America absolutely ridiculous. At the same time it is perfectly true that Japan is exerting herself to prepare for war as quickly as possible, and these preparations are mainly directed against Russia. Japan does not want war and has not the least intention of bringing one on. At present she is perfectly satisfied that Russia's intentions are also peaceful, and that at present her condition does not allow her to contemplate another war in the Far East. On the other hand, Japan thinks that Russia is serious in her intention of a thorough reorganization of her forces for defence, but this reorganization may also strengthen her offensively. It is thought that this reorganization may soon be decided in principle, but that the carrying it out in its entirety may take eight years. The same period may see the completion of the Amur railway. If by that time the social and other conditions of Russia have largely improved, Japan thinks that possibly Russia might not resist the temptation of aggression with a view to regaining Manchuria.\n\nJapan does not mean to get a bad start. Her preparations now are with the view of being as strong as possible to meet such a contingency. If Russia takes any steps that appear to Japan as aggressive rather than purely defensive preparation, then Japan will strike at once, and, as before, not allow Russia to complete her preparations or choose her own time. The characteristic of such an attack as compared with the last war would be the rapidity of its execution in full strength. Any improvements in communication made by Russia will be answered or forestalled by better communications made by Japan, so that ultimately the Port Arthur line, a railway from Fusan via Antung to Mukden, and a Gensan-Kirin railway, with a branch line connecting it to the central of the three lines, would give Japan three bases on the mainland, and these she would consider to be sufficient.\n\nNo doubt Vladivostock was now very strong, but Japan would not sacrifice there the same number of men as she did at Port Arthur. She would be provided with the most up-to-date equipment for a siege. An electrical machine for making approaches rapidly was especially mentioned. I did not gather the precise nature of the machine, but understood it to be in use in America for the purpose of tunnelling.\n\nAs regards the Russian scheme of reorganization, it was thought in Japan that Russia contemplated increasing her forces in the Far East by two corps so as to have:\n\n| Location | Equivalent Forces |\n| --- | --- |\n| About Vladivostock | The equivalent of two corps |\n| At Blagovyeshchensk | One corps |\n| About Manchuria station | One corps |\n| At Chita | One corps |\n| At Irkutsk | One corps |\n\nThese corps would form the screen to cover the advance of her main reinforcements.\n\nAny proposal to connect the Amur railway with Tsitsihar by a branch line would meet with a protest.\n\nI could not elicit whether the placing of the two additional corps at Blagovyeshchensk and Manchuria station would be considered as aggressive preparation.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nGUY WYNDHAM, Colonel,\nMilitary Attaché.\n\nC.0.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government]\n\nPage 92 \nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n[38454]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428710, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 51, "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "49\n\nSie Ihggott, in reas,\n\nhab\n\n{\n\nthe\n\nProposal for reconstituting\n\nhe\n\nAppeal bouch\n\nhas been fan\n\nallowed to\n\ndrop for the present,\n\nI consider that\n\nho\n\nuseful purpose would\n\nbe served\n\nGa\n\nfurther descissio\n\nof the Eustian.\n\nForeign\n\n1910\n\nHONG KONG EASTERN\n\n15574\n\nАрит\n\n19 May Cruits of forcha\n\nLast previous Paper.\n\n14293\n\nDup. Prints Straits\n\n(16,955) Wt.21,660-1. 40,0,\n\n11/00. A.&.W.\n\nNext subsequent Paper.\n\n17590\n\nMy Shitt: Allens\"\n\nto stop\n\nthe\n\nfor\n\n15574\n\nREG 23 MAY 10)\n\nREC?\n\nEfforts are seriously being made\n\no pinse habit _ 37 Wilkinson's shythmical translation of the Governor's\n\nrexameters is interesting and amusing.\n\n? Sunts to likong\n\nStraits\n\nP\n\nfec\n\nM\n\nLord Crewe\n\nYou may like to see.\n\nColonel feely JBL\n\n24/5\n\nX. ZES-\n\n5275", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 428992, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 333, "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "2\n\nChildren are wearing charms in order to prevent their souls being taken away to form the foundations for railway bridges. The census is popularly believed to have been instituted in order that foreigners may place the names collected under the railroad; whenever a name is crushed by a train, the person so named immediately dies. The epithet \"foreign devil,\" which since 1890 has been rarely heard, is now frequently applied to foreigners in the streets, and the missionaries all agree that the Chinese are in a most restless and excited state, and ready to be led away by any mob orator. The Viceroy has assured the foreign consuls, in an official note to the senior consul, that there is \"no ground for anxiety,\" and that he is \"fully able to protect foreign lives and property\" (see enclosure in Mr. Goffe's despatch No. 32 of the 23rd May). According to a telegram from Nanking, his Excellency also sent two deputies to His Majesty's consul on the 29th May, and these officials told Mr. Goffe that the Viceroy was confident of his ability to deal with any emergency, that every precaution had been taken, and that the troops could be relied on. Whether his Excellency's assurances are due to a knowledge that he is master of the situation, or whether, as the foreign consuls are inclined to believe, they are inspired by a desire to appear confident, is a matter of opinion, and the truth will only be ascertained when and if disturbances occur, but of one thing I feel sure after the conversation I had with his Excellency Natung on the 26th instant, and that is that the Chinese Government are fully alive to the necessity of preventing any revolutionary outbreak at Nanking, and that every precaution that can be taken has been taken. \"Astra\" will be at Nanking on the 5th June, the date of the opening of the exhibition, and stay there for a few days.\n\nThe despatch from His Majesty's consul-general at Chengtu, copy of which is enclosed herewith, serves the double purpose of showing that the spirit of unrest is manifesting itself in the most remote provinces of the Empire, and that, where the local authorities are really efficient, the situation is by no means so serious as it undoubtedly is in Hupei, Hunan, and Kiangsu. Mr. Wilkinson reports that rumours similar to those current at Nanking have been prevalent at Chengtu, where it has been commonly asserted that foreigners were cutting off women's hair, emasculating small boys, and desecrating graves. The authorities took prompt measures to undeceive the populace, and to remind them that death was the penalty for those who disseminate dangerous lies. The Governor-General, the energetic and able Chao Erh-sun, assured Mr. Wilkinson that some of the culprits had already been punished, and the result of his Excellency's action is that Mr. Wilkinson is able to report that the rumours are dying out. Similarly, I have received a despatch from His Majesty's consul at Chinkiang, reporting that an anti-foreign riot very nearly occurred at Hsing Hua Fu, a town situated 55 miles to the north-east of Chinkiang, owing to a woman falsely accusing a local missionary of stealing her child. A riot was prevented by the decisive action of the magistrate, who not only adequately protected the mission house from the crowd, but caused the guilty woman to be paraded through the streets bearing a cangue and preceded by a man carrying a board on which the nature of her misdeed was described in large characters.\n\nAlthough, therefore, the situation is serious, as I have already pointed out in my previous despatches, it has not yet passed beyond control, and the central Government have it still in their power to prevent, by the adoption of firm measures, the spread of disorder and the advent of a revolution which the present policy of laisser faire is calculated to encourage.\n\nTwo favourable factors in the situation are that, firstly, the comet has come without bringing again great misfortune to China, though many Chinese, I am told, believe that it was the cause of the grievous loss suffered by the British Empire in the death of His late Majesty King Edward, and, secondly, that during the last few days there has been a marked improvement in the climatic conditions; in the Yangtse Valley, sunshine and dry weather have greatly improved the prospect of the crops, while in the neighbourhood of Peking, and in fact throughout the province of Chihli, the three last days of rain have had a similar effect.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nW. G. Max Müller.\n\nChengtu, No. 33, May 3, 1910.\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nC [June 20] 858\n\n330\n\n[22106]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSECTION 2.\n\nRECD 8 JUL 10\n\n(No. 183.) Sir,\n\nPeking, June 4, 1910.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of a report which I have received from the military attaché upon the discipline of the Chinese regular troops quartered at Changsha.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nMAX MÜLLER.\n\nReport of Lieutenant-Colonel Willoughby on the Discipline of the Chinese Army.\n\n(Hunan Regular Troops.)\n\nPeking, June 1, 1910.\n\nWITH reference to the remarks on p. 5 of my report No. 6, dated the 25th April, 1910 (on \"Indiscipline in the Chinese Army\"), relating to the inaction of the troops at Changsha during the recent riots there, the following report, just received from His Majesty's consul at Changsha, is of especial interest, bringing out strongly, as it does, the fact that the headway gained by the forces of disorder was due, not to culpable inaction on the part of the troops or sympathy with the rioters, but to the pusillanimous conduct, if not worse (viz., actual connivance), of the high civil officials, who prevented the troops from acting against the rioters, thereby incidentally subjecting their discipline to the severest strain.\n\nThe report is as follows:\n\n\"During the attack on the governor's yamên, the regular troops were only once permitted to fire, and that was when General Yang obtained Governor Ts'en's permission to kill the men who were pouring oil on the roofs of his Excellency's entrance halls. With this one exception, the men stood stolidly for twelve hours, hemmed in by a hostile mob, stoned with large bricks and tiles and suffering casualties; yet not one single shot was fired nor one bayonet thrust given in retaliation because, as a soldier himself quite simply expressed it, 'How could we? we had orders not to.'\n\nSuch discipline might be equalled by some, it could not be surpassed by any troops in the world.\n\n\"From the 14th April to the 7th May, the consulate was left to the care of a section of infantry under the command of a lieutenant. There were also two of the consulate servants on the premises. During this period, not one single article of any type or description was stolen. It would not have been surprising had chickens been stolen or vegetables removed, but nothing was touched.\n\n\"At present, I have one section (forty-two men) under a lieutenant quartered in the chair-house attached to the consulate, and they will remain here, I am told, till the middle of August. The total size of the quarters is 38 feet by 20 feet, and the accommodation is miserable, and yet not a single complaint is made. The men, who are specially picked, are uniformly civil, quiet, and orderly.\n\nWhatever defects the 'Mixed Brigade' of Hunan may have, their discipline is beyond all praise. As I conceive that perfect discipline forms the very backbone of military efficiency, I take this opportunity of bringing the admirable discipline of General Yang's troops to your notice.\"\n\nMr. Hewlett then moots the question of our Government giving some permanent memento to the troops for their services, the British property (Government and personal) protected by them being worth about 1,000; and I think with him that, amid so much that is blameworthy (viz., attitude of the high provincial officials, hostility of the gentry and students, anti-foreign tone of the press, &c.), it would be...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 488972, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 120, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "## official class in Yunnan, we may expect no co-operation in preventive measures from that side.\n\nAt the frontier meeting of 1916, I communicated to Chang I Shu, the best type of Taoyin I have had the good fortune to meet at the different frontier meetings I have attended, particulars of certain Chinese merchants who were suspected of being concerned in the traffic of opium into China, but against whom I could get no sufficient information to justify action. Nothing was done by the Chinese as the result of that information, though it is certain that, if the firms concerned had been properly watched, I should have got information which would have enabled me to expel the representatives of the firms from the States.\n\nAgain, in 1917, I supplied His Britannic Majesty's consul, Tengyueh, with the names of a number of Chinese traders who were found with large sums of money in one of the principal opium markets of West Manglun and who were obviously there for the purpose of buying opium. Mr. Eastes thought it best not to use that information, as, from his knowledge of the Chinese officials, he believed that the Chinese administrations would not take any action except possibly in the way of wholly illicit extortion.\n\nAgain, though the import of opium into China is forbidden, the Chinese officials have arranged a revenue station at Shunning which is out of the way of any consular or European customs officer's observation, where fees are regularly levied on all consignments of the drug which pass through.\n\nEven if, for the sake of argument, it were possible to block the frontier from Namhkam to the Salween and again along the northern and eastern border of Kokang to near the Kunlong Ferry, it is quite impossible to take any action at present east of the Salween from the Kunlong Ferry to Panghsang Nalawt. This frontier is over 150 miles long; it encloses the unadministered Wa States, and the actual border line is in dispute with China. Preventive measures taken in this area, which produces large quantities of opium, will revive the dispute with China about a part of the frontier which is of very little importance and will undo all the work which has been quietly done for years to disarm the suspicions of the unadministered tribes and to induce them to look more and more regularly to Lashio for the settlement of their disputes. Yet, if this part of the border is left open, it is entirely useless blocking the northern frontier.\n\nAll the indications point to the fact that the Yunnan officials mean to relax the opium restrictions when it suits them. The destruction of crops was this year carried out along our border in a very arbitrary way. In the Mong Mao State, the Sawbwa levied a tax on cultivation. A Chefang official told Mr. Gaudoin that the Kachins had been informed that they would be permitted to cultivate opium for the season 1919-20 onwards. On the other hand, on the Chengkang Mong Ting border, crops were destroyed by the Chinese, which incidentally were within our frontier line and belonged to our own men. If, however, as seems likely, cultivations will increase in China, our problems become easier—there will be practically no smuggling, as the crop can be grown more easily nearer home.\n\nIt is essential for us to fulfil our treaty obligations, and it is also essential to take action for the sake of the Shan States themselves, to prevent them being ruined by the extension of cultivation of opium in place of food crops.\n\nI believe, however, that we shall succeed more faithfully in carrying out our obligations to China and our duty to our own people if the whole question is tackled systematically and quietly as a revenue matter of the States themselves and not by the exercise of the force at the disposal of the paramount Power. The use of this can only be oppressive and arbitrary under the conditions which prevail, and will cause a blaze of resentment which will make the whole of our administration more difficult.\n\n### ANNEX 5\n\n**Mr. Cabell (Officiating Commissioner, Mandalay Division) to the Assistant Secretary to the Financial Commissioner, Burma**\n\nNovember 15, 1919\n\nWITH reference to the correspondence ending with your letter dated the 9th May, 1919, on the subject of poppy cultivation in the Kachin Hill Tracts, I have the honour to forward copies of letters received from the Deputy Commissioners, Bhamo, Katha, Myitkyina and the Ruby Mines.*\n\n*Not printed.\n\n2. There has been some delay in replying to your letter, because all the Deputy Commissioners of the frontier districts, with the exception of Mr. Wilkinson at Katha, were new to their charges, and it was desirable that they should have some time to consider the result of any changes which it was proposed to introduce. Moreover, the death of Mr. Scott has removed from the Sinlum Tracts an officer who was looked upon as a father by the people. His successor should have at least one season to make the acquaintance of his people before he puts any restrictive measures into force.\n\n3. It would be useful to summarise the proposals which have already been made for the control and suppression of the cultivation of the poppy in the Kachin Hills on the Burmese side of the frontier. Up to the year 1913, there was no prohibition of the cultivation of opium and nothing was attempted. In 1913, owing to the accession of the British and Chinese Governments to the International Opium Convention, which was signed at The Hague early in 1912, the Wai-chiao Pu brought to the notice of His Majesty's Minister at Peking the difficulty of suppressing the consumption of opium in Yunnan owing to the fact that opium was cultivated in the Kachin Hills and Shan States on the Burmese side of the frontier, and the local Government asked for recommendations regarding the steps to be taken to control the production of raw opium, to prevent its export and to check its smuggling across the frontier into China. Apart from the obligations of this Government under the Opium Convention, it was represented by several officers that the consumption of opium among the Kachins was on the increase, that it was doing them considerable harm and that the cultivation of the poppy ought to be suppressed for this reason alone. In this connection, I must point out that the opinions of various officers who know the Kachins really well are diametrically opposed to one another. Mr. G. W. Dawson and Mr. Rae say:\n\n\"In malarious tracts such as Kaukkwe, Sinkan (Bhamo), Jade Mines, Hukawng and Mogaung valleys (Myitkyina) it (opium) has become indispensable as a febrifuge. These tracts are not on the border. But the proposed prohibition does not distinguish between border Kachins and others. It is my settled belief that many will die for want of it or if they are sent to jail for having it.\n\nExcept possibly among the Kauris, its consumption has no evil results whatever. It is very seldom taken to excess, and in the case of men in regular work can be taken in considerable quantities with astonishing results in the way of physical endurance.”\n\nOn the other hand, Mr. Scott says:\n\n\"A Kachin who uses opium is ruined both morally and physically, and whereas its use can be justified in fever-stricken tracts in the plains, its use in the hills can only be described as a curse.\"\n\nThere is no one with better knowledge of the Kachins than these three officers, Messrs. Rae, Scott and Clerk, and I can only make the suggestion that in Mr. Rae's time the poppy was not cultivated in the Sinlum Tracts to anything like the extent to which it is now under the commercial stimulus afforded by the repressive policy in Yunnan and that excessive use of opium was rare. Moreover, cultivation in the Myitkyina Tracts is not yet extensive, so that excessive use of opium is, I believe, rare also in those tracts. Mr. Scott's opinion as to the ruinous effects of the use of opium is the latest and may be confidently accepted.\n\n4. It was reported in 1913 that except in Bhamo there was little cultivation for the purposes of export, but that in Bhamo poppy cultivation was decidedly on the increase in the Kachin Hills, and that the cultivation in that district was on a commercial scale and amounted to about 2,000 acres. Such cultivation as existed in the Ruby Mines and Katha Districts was in small patches and the total extent of the cultivation was so small as to be practically negligible. In his letter dated the 1st July, 1913, Colonel Aplin summarised the position and made certain proposals to carry out the policy indicated by Government. These proposals were that in the Bhamo District there should be total prohibition of cultivation, but that no action should be taken as regards possession of opium until the effect of the total prohibition of cultivation has been carefully examined.\n\n*Not printed.\n\nPage 120\nPage 121", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 488973, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 121, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "## 5. As regards the Myitkyina District, the proposals were less drastic and were to the effect that registered opium consumers should be allowed to cultivate a restricted area for their own consumption only. It was also proposed that a moderate tax should be imposed on the small areas placed under the poppy. As regards the possession of opium, no change was to be made. The orders of the local Government on Colonel Aplin's proposals were contained in **Confidential** letter dated the 8th January, 1914, from the Assistant Secretary to the Financial Commissioner, and were that the cultivation of the poppy was to be absolutely prohibited in the four districts of Myitkyina, Bhamo, Katha and the Ruby Mines, and recommendations were requested as to the measures to be taken to enforce absolute prohibition within a limited period of three to five years. It was further directed that the powers conferred by the Frontier Crossing and Disturbed Districts Regulation, I of 1907, should be strictly exercised, and persons believed to take part in smuggling should be warned not to reside or travel in the areas mentioned in the warning. Detailed proposals were subsequently submitted in this office, Revenue Department, **Confidential** letter dated the 8th April, 1914. A summary of the proposals is:--\n\n(1) That the Kachin Hill Tribes Regulation should be amended so as to make cultivation of the poppy in any hill-tract to which the regulation applies illegal.\n\n(2) That orders should be proclaimed in all villages in the hill-tracts that after the season of 1914-15 the cultivation of the poppy would be entirely prohibited, that the crop found would be destroyed and that the owner of the crop would be liable to prosecution.\n\n(3) That in the first season after the proclamation of the prohibition, all poppy crops found should be destroyed, but prosecution should not be resorted to, but in subsequent years prosecution should be undertaken; light punishments being inflicted, in the case of first offences.\n\n(4) That Chinese subjects found cultivating the poppy on the Burmese side of the frontier should be similarly treated; and should also be dealt with under the Frontier Crossing and Disturbed Districts Regulation and expelled from British territory.\n\n## 6. It was not proposed that any measures to restrict the possession of opium should for the present be brought into force. Subsequently, owing to the outbreak of the European war, further action was stayed on these recommendations under the orders conveyed in letter dated the 24th February, 1916. Representations were subsequently made by Mr. Lewisohn when Deputy Commissioner, Bhamo, in his letter dated the 10th January, 1917, to the effect that every year during which restrictive measures were not taken would make it more difficult to prohibit the cultivation of the poppy and that considerable increase was noticeable every year in the area placed under the poppy. It was, however, decided to take no further action until the conclusion of peace.\n\n## 7. From the replies now received from the Deputy Commissioners it will be noticed that there is no very great change in the position described in 1913. From Bhamo the Deputy Commissioner reports that it is probable that the area cultivated in 1919 was greater than the estimated area of 2,000 acres in 1913, because the price of opium had risen so enormously owing, I presume, to the drastic restrictive measures taken in Yunnan. Colonel Owens proposes that orders should be issued at once declaring poppy cultivation illegal and that the Assistant Superintendent, Sinlum, should take steps to destroy any crops he finds during the present open season. He approves the proposals made in 1914 by Mr. Lewisohn for the amendment of the existing legislation. From Myitkyina Major Bazett considers that prohibition of poppy cultivation is at the present time impossible and inexpedient owing to the relaxation of restrictive measures on the Chinese side. He is informed that the crop in Yunnan is likely to be a very large one, that the price of opium has already fallen about 50 per cent. from the enormous price of 325 rupees, which was reached in February of the present year, and that this will of itself tend to discourage any export to China. He points out that the Kachins use opium to a considerable extent as medicine in the case of certain diseases, that they use it as an article of exchange, that it is less harmful than certain other drugs and that the restriction of cultivation would cause trouble. A new factor which he mentions is that two seizures of opium which was intended to be smuggled into China were made this year, but the facts he mentions indicate that the cultivation of opium at present does not extend over large areas and that it is mostly cultivated in small patches for home consumption. From Katha and the Ruby Mines Districts the Deputy Commissioners report that there will be no difficulty in enforcing effective prohibition of poppy cultivation throughout the Kachin Hills in their districts. For various reasons I am opposed to the Deputy Commissioner Myitkyina's policy of non-intervention. It is evident that cultivation has not extended as it has in Bhamo, and now is the time to take preventive measures. The Chinese policy of repression will, I believe, be a lasting one, and I pay little attention to a temporary set-back owing to careless or corrupt enforcement. There will be a return to the stricter policy with a change of officials.\n\n## 8. I agree with the policy proposed by Colonel Aplin in 1914, and consider that the time has now come to put it into force. What I would now propose is that the Kachin Hills Regulation should be amended so as to make it illegal to cultivate poppy in all hill-tracts to which the regulation applies. The amendments proposed in Colonel Aplin's letter, dated the 8th April, 1914, appear to me to be suitable. These are:--\n\nThat the following additions and alterations be made in section 31 of the Kachin Hill Tribes Regulation:—\n- Sub-section (1)—After (b) add \"(c) Cultivate the poppy in any hill-tract to which this regulation has been extended.”\n- Sub-section (3)—After the words \"under sub-section (1)\" insert “(a) and (b).”\n- Sub-section (4)—After the words \"the opium\" in the first line insert \"or poppies.\"\n- Sub-section (6)—After the word \"opium\" in the seventh line insert \"poppies.\"\n\n## 9. The criticism made by Mr. Wilkinson to the effect that these amendments will only authorise confiscation of poppies after conviction is not justified. An offence is committed by cultivating the poppy, and the crop can be confiscated whether a prosecution is undertaken or not. But the matter is not of much importance as the crop can also be destroyed by executive order.\n\n## 10. As regards the steps to be taken to enforce the new regulation I would propose that the restriction be gradually introduced in the manner proposed by Colonel Aplin. During the present season I would suggest that Deputy Commissioners and civil officers should take every opportunity of instructing the Kachins that cultivation of the poppy will not be allowed after the present season, after which the crop will be destroyed wherever found and cultivators prosecuted. I also propose that steps should be taken during the present season to destroy all crops planted by persons who are not members of a hill-tribe, and that such persons should be dealt with under the Frontier Crossing and Disturbed Districts Regulation. During the season of 1920-21, I would take steps to enforce the prohibition and to destroy such crops as are found planted either by members of hill-tribes or others; but I would not undertake prosecutions except possibly in cases where resistance is met with. In subsequent seasons I would destroy all crops found, and undertake prosecutions wherever it is considered desirable. The proposals made by the Deputy Commissioner Myitkyina amount to an adoption of a non possumus attitude which is deprecated in Mr. Keith's letter, dated the 25th April, 1913, and cannot be accepted.\n\n## 11. As regards Putao, I do not recommend that any action should be taken for the present. Mr. Barnard is new to the district, and has asked that his report be deferred until the conclusion of the present open season. Conditions are very different there, and the bulk of the cultivation is confined to the Khamti Long plain. The opium grown there is believed to be entirely consumed by the Shans, to whom it is practically a necessity of life at the present time, and any measures taken will have to be introduced very gradually. The poppy is also grown in small patches by the hill-tribes for their own consumption, but it is certainly not exported to China from this district. I think, however, that cultivation of the poppy may be made illegal in the Putao Hill Tracts also, though I would not enforce the law for the present.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489910, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 401, "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "400 \n\n10 \n\n11 \n\nNow, owing to the existence of the railway, much more convenient, so that a very large part of the traffic passes through the place. The Tumen Railway is ultimately to be connected with Tienpaoshan, in the western part of Chientao, where are some copper mines worked by a Sino-Japanese company, but the Chinese authorities have not yet given their consent to the laying of the Chinese section of the line, and the matter is still under negotiation.\n\ninto contact. I was furnished with armed guards for my journey and at Paitsackou, where there is no accommodation but Chinese inns, was furnished with a room in the magistrate's yamen. Mr. Tao, the Taoyin at Yenchi, who controls the four districts referred to, as well as four other neighbouring districts, was most courteous, and both he and Kao, the chu-chan, or settlement magistrate at Lungchingtsun, readily answered all the questions I put to them. Both of these officials speak Japanese well, and Mr. Kao especially seemed to be on excellent terms with Mr. Joly, who tells me that both he and the Taoyin have adopted quite a strong attitude during the past few months in the many points of dispute which have arisen with the Japanese authorities. Mr. Tao has only recently been sent back to Yenchi, where he was previously stationed for some years, and is evidently considered a good man for the post by the Chinese authorities. The magistrate at Hunchun, on the other hand, has only been recently appointed, and is not very well acquainted with conditions in the district. He speaks no Japanese.\n\nI have, &c. \n\nW. B. CUNNINGHAM. \n\n## Enclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\n**Consul-General Wilkinson to Sir B. Alston.**\n\n(No. 37.) Sir.\n\nMukden, June 11, 1921. IN continuation of my despatch No. 36 of the 8th instant, transmitting to you Mr. Cunningham's report on the situation in Chientao. I have now the honour to enclose a supplementary report which he has prepared giving an account of his experiences on his journey to Chientao and back.\n\nSir,\n\n## Enclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nI have, &c. \n\nF. E. WILKINSON.\n\n**Mr. Cunningham to Consul-General Wilkinson.**\n\nMukden, June 7, 1921. WITH reference to my despatch of to-day's date reporting on conditions in the Chientao district. I have the honour to append hereto a brief description of my journey from the date of my departure from Mukden on the 12th May last.\n\nI was not in any way inconvenienced in my journey through Korea, and I did not require to make use of the letter of introduction to Japanese officials, which it was agreed I should endeavour to obtain from the authorities in Seoul. The letter was very willingly given to me upon my personal application to Mr. Matsunaga, chief of the Foreign Affairs Section of the Government-General of Korea.\n\nFrom Kami Sampo the railway line runs for about a mile further to the spot where the ferry crosses the Tumen, and this section of the line was, I understand, put in by the Japanese military authorities during their operations last year, as was also a bridge with a line of rails across the river, though its construction was not authorised by the Chinese authorities.\n\nI arrived at Kami Sampo on the evening of the 18th and left the following day for Lungchingtsun, a distance of about 21 miles by cart. On my arrival I called first upon Mr. P. B. Joly, the assistant in charge of the Chinese maritime customs here, who very kindly offered me hospitality during my stay.\n\nI spent two days at Lungchingtsun, calling on the magistrate of the town, Mr. Kao, and upon the Japanese consul-general, both of whom returned my call. Mr. Kao entertained me to dinner on the evening of the 21st, several other Chinese officials and the Japanese consul-general and one of his vice-consuls also being present. Mr. Sakai also gave a luncheon party in my honour during my stay, Mr. Joly and Dr. Martin and the Rev. A. H. Barker, of the Canadian Presbyterian Mission, also being invited. An account of my conversations with Mr. Sakai is given in my other report.\n\nOn the 22nd May I left Lungchingtsun for Yenchi, the principal town of the district, a distance of about 12 miles, spending a day and a-half there. I duly called on the Taoyin of the district, who is in charge of the whole area, and was most cordially received by him. I was, however, unable to see the general in command of the troops in the district, as he was away in Kirin.\n\nWhile at Yenchi I received a visit from Colonel Harada and Lieutenant Motoike, two of the liaison officers stationed in the Chientao area. The former explained that he had received instructions from Seoul to call on me, but though he seemed anxious to find out what my business in Chientao was, our conversation was throughout of the most informal kind, and I did not discuss the situation with him in any way. Later I returned the two officers' call at the small Chinese house they occupy in the town.\n\nUp to this time I had intended to proceed from Yenchi direct to Hunchun and return from there via Ninguta, in accordance with your suggestion. I was strongly advised, however, by M. Nadarof, the ex-Russian consul at Yenchi, who seems to be well acquainted with the district and has himself made the journey, not to attempt it at this time of year, as, though it was reported to be safe, the roads were very liable to be bad. I therefore decided to visit Paitsaokou (the most northerly of the open marts in the Chientao district) on my way to Hunchun and to be guided by circumstances as to my return route upon arrival at the latter place.\n\nI left Seoul on the morning of the 14th May (having spent the previous day in completing preparations for my journey), and arrived at Gensan the same evening in time to catch a small coasting steamer for Seishin, from which port there is rail connection with Kwainei (Kor., Hoiryong; Chin., Huining). Seishin is about 200 miles, and by direct boat the journey can be accomplished in a day, but the smaller vessels, by one of which I had to travel as there was no direct boat for two or three days, call at numerous small places on the coast and occupy about three days. I landed on the morning of the 17th at the small port of Tokchin, the last place of call before Seishin, being advised to do so as, owing to foggy weather, it was very uncertain whether the vessel would reach Seishin that day. From Tokchin there is a line of light rails to Kyojo, the present terminus of the line from Kwainei, which will ultimately connect with the east coast line from Seoul now in operation as far as Kanko (Hambeung). The line from Kyojo passes through Ranan and joins the Seishin to Kwainei line at Yujo. Ranan is the headquarters of the Japanese army in the north-eastern part of Korea and the seat of a division.\n\nThe line from Seishin to Kwainei is 58 miles in length, and was constructed some three or four years ago at considerable expense (10,000,000 yen, I am told): a high range of hills has to be crossed and there are a number of tunnels. The value of the line is, of course, mainly strategic, though considerable quantities of grain and lumber are transported over it to Seishin, whence they are exported to Japan.\n\nFrom Kwainei there is a light railway (24 feet gauge) to a small and entirely new place on the Korean side of the Tumen, known as Kami Sampo (Chin. Shangshanfeng), a distance of about 25 miles, which occupies rather more than three hours by train. It is possible to enter the Chientao district by direct road from Kwainei to Lungchingtsun, and this was the route principally used previously.\n\nI left Yenchi on the 24th May for Paitsaokou, which is a long day's journey of nearly 40 miles. The Taoyin at Yenchi had kindly furnished me with a letter of introduction to the magistrate of the Wanghsing district, who resides at Paitsaokou, and I was most cordially received and provided with a room in the yamen. I was also furnished with an armed guard of two men to accompany me on my journey.\n\nI stayed only one night at Paitsaokou, as I had been able to see the magistrate on my arrival, and there seemed little object in remaining there for a day. I accordingly left on the 25th for Hunchun, the journey of about 70 miles occupying three days owing to the difficult nature of the country traversed, several high hills having to be crossed. I was again provided with an escort and arrived at Hunchun on the evening of the 27th, being hospitably entertained while there by Mr. U. Marconi, acting commissioner of customs, to whom you had furnished me with a letter of introduction.\n\nAt Hunchun both the magistrate of the district and the officer in command of the troops came to call on me before I had been half an hour in the place, while the \n\n[6614 ee-6]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 496217, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923", "page_number": 297, "title": "CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923", "content_text": "## 8\n\nFinally, I should like to record that I was received by General Wu with the greatest cordiality and hospitality, and that everything possible was done to make my visit as interesting and pleasurable as possible.\n\n**H. B. ORPEN-PALMER, Colonel,**\nMilitary Attaché.\n\nPeking, April 10, 1923.\n\n**Enclosure 3 in No. 1.**\n\n## 9\n\nMilitary supplies taken longer than he expected, but the Chinese Eastern Railway question and the general prevalence of brigandage are both tying his hands. If there is to be another civil war, therefore, this year in this part of China, it will not be Chang Tso-lin who will be the aggressor, and as it also seems most unlikely that Wu Pei-fu will attack Chang in Manchuria, the probabilities are that the present scare has its origin in the mutual suspicions which the two sides entertain of one another, aggravated by alarmist articles in the press and Wu Pei-fu's very tactless telegrams. Not unnaturally, local currency has been seriously affected by the reports prevalent of coming hostilities, and the small coin dollar note has fallen ten points during the past week.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**F. E. WILKINSON.**\n\n## 295\n\n**(No. 15.) Sir,**\n\nConsul-General Wilkinson to Sir R. Macleay.\n\nMukden, April 19, 1923. IN continuation of my despatch No. 14 of the 14th instant, I have the honour to report that I called on Marshal Chang Tso-lin yesterday by appointment to discuss the question of the return of the Mukden-Shanhaikuan section of the Peking-Mukden Railway to the Central Government. It would appear that there is a strong party in Mukden, which includes amongst its numbers both the Civil Governor, Mr. Wang Yung Chiang, and, I have reason to believe, the chief of the staff, General Yang Yu Ting, who have been in favour for some time past of the reunification of the line for the reasons given in my last despatch, but they have been unable up to now to convert Marshal Chang to their views, and it was in the hope that my arguments might be more successful than theirs that this interview was arranged for me.\n\nUnfortunately, my visit was postponed too long, and it took place at the most inopportune moment possible for any such discussion. The marshal received me very politely, and when I brought up the subject of the railway, informed me that he was prepared to return the Shanhaikuan section at any time, provided he received satisfactory guarantees that the railway would not be used by his enemies for military purposes. Could the British Minister, he asked, give him such a guarantee? I replied that he could hardly expect my Minister to do so, seeing that the Peking-Mukden line was not under British control, but if he would inform me what kind of guarantees he wanted, I felt sure that if they were reasonable, you would be glad in the interests of the British bondholders to take up the matter with the Central Government.\n\nThe marshal then made it quite clear that I was wasting my time in discussing the question with him. What use was it, he said, talking about guarantees when General Wu Pei-fu was about to attack him? He had proof of this from his spies, and with this sinister object, a Chihli division had already been moved to Hsifengkou. Personally, he had no aggressive intentions of any kind, as he realised only too well that another civil war would be disastrous to the country, but, if he was attacked, what option had he but to defend himself? I should warn my Minister that in that case, he (Chang) could not be responsible for the protection of foreigners in Manchuria. He went on to say, in reply to an enquiry of mine as to whether the situation on the Chinese Eastern Railway was not also causing him some anxiety, that he expected no immediate trouble from that quarter, especially now that Mr. C. T. Wang was about to confer with the Soviet representatives. He fully realised the danger of the propaganda carried on by the Reds, but the railway question was not affected by it.\n\nAfter a few further remarks, in which Marshal Chang expressed his satisfaction at your appointment as British Minister, adding, however, that he had no fault to find with Sir Beilby Alston personally, as it was not his manner towards him that he had had reason to complain, I took my leave.\n\nThat Marshal Chang is as convinced as he professes to be that he is about to be attacked by Wu Pei-fu is difficult to believe. I am informed that he received a few days ago an insulting telegram from General Wu, who accused him of pro-Japanese sympathies, a point on which Chang Tso-lin is very sensitive, and promised to deal with him before long. Chang is said to have been greatly infuriated at the message, but he accepted the advice given him by his military staff to refrain, if possible, from engaging in hostilities this year, but wait until next summer, when his military preparations would be complete. For this latter information, I have the authority of Marshal Chang's Japanese military adviser, who takes the credit of having persuaded his chief to keep the peace, but there appears to be no doubt whatever that Chang gave up the idea some months ago of launching a campaign against Wu Pei-fu during the present year. Not only has the reorganisation of his army and...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-482 - Public Offices - 1923.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 552262, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-559-13 Sir A. Caldecott- visit to Canton 13-9-1936 - 26-11-1936", "page_number": 37, "title": "CO129-559-13 Sir A. Caldecott- visit to Canton 13-9-1936 - 26-11-1936", "content_text": "## Stokes & Master (Mr. D. B. Johnson); The Kailan Mining Administration (Mr. W. Wright); Messrs. Ed. Keller & Co., Ltd., (Mr. H. A. Keller); Messrs. Kunst & Albers (Mr. W. Egge); Messrs. Lowe, Bingham & Matthews (Mr. J. Fleming); Messrs. W. R. Loxley & Co., (China); Ltd., (Mr. T. A. Mitchell); Messrs. Mackinnon, Mackenzie & Co., (The Hon. Mr. M. T. Johnson, Mr. D. W. MacE and Mr. A. W. Hay-Edie); Mrs. John Manners & Co., Ltd., (Mr. W. J. Hansen); Messrs. Maxim & Co., (Mr. J. F. B. Ribeiro); The Mercantile Bank (Mr. R. Kennedy); The Mitsui Bussan Kaisha (Mr. K. Numata); The Netherlands Trading Society (Mr. J. C. Mantel); The Nippon Yussen Kaisha (Mr. K. Watanabe); The Orient Tobacco Manufactory Ltd., (Mr. E. de Chaffoy); Messrs. Pentreath & Co., (Mr. G. A. Pentreath); Messrs. Petersen & Co., (Mr. H. Arfas); Mr. G. H. Potts; Messrs. Reiss Bradley & Co., (Mr. K. S. Morrison and Mr. J. Ormiston); Mr. E. M. Raymond; Messrs. Robertson, Wilson & Co., Ltd., (Mr. G. W. Sewell); Messrs. Shewan Tomes & Co., (Mr. I. W. Shewan); Messrs. David Sassoon & Co., (Mr. A. H. Compton); The E. D. Sassoon Banking Co., Ltd., (Mr. A. Raymond); Messrs. Stewart Brothers (Mr. H. B. L. Dowbiggin and Mr. H. R. B. Hancock); The Swedish Chinese Export & Import Co., Ltd., (Mr. B. Astington); The Union Insurance Society (Mr. W. R. Mansfield); The Union Trading Co., Ltd., (Mr. S. M. Churn); The Union Waterboat Co., Ltd., (Mr. A. Utoomal); Messrs. C. I. Bowker & Assudamal Co., (Mr. P. Vaswani); Messrs. Watanmal Boolchand (Mr. W. Boolchand); Messrs. A. S. Watson & Co., Ltd., (Mr. J. E. Jupp); Messrs. Harry Wicking & Co., Ltd., (Mr. H. Owen Hughes); Messrs. Wilkinson & Grist (Mr. D. H. Blake).\n\n## HONGKONG-CANTON TIES\n\n### Friendship Increased By Visit, Says General Huang\n\nIn an interview with a S.C.M. Post representative yesterday, General Huang Mu-sung, Chairman of the Kwangtung Provincial Government, made the following statement regarding the visit to Hongkong: \n\n\"The relations between Great Britain and China have been traditionally friendly and those between Hongkong and Canton are particularly close and important. Two months ago, His Excellency Sir Andrew Caldecott, the Governor, was kind enough to pay a visit to Generalissimo Chiang and ourselves in Canton, thereby further strengthening the bonds of our friendship. Acting on instructions from Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, and the wish of the people that we should return that visit, I, in company with Mayor Tseng Yang-fu, have come to Hongkong.\n\n\"I am most thankful for and deeply impressed by the most cordial and impressive welcome accorded to us by the authorities of Hongkong and by the enthusiasm shown by our nationals here. I am particularly delighted to have had the opportunity of making personal contacts with the high officials of the Hongkong Government as well as leaders of the local community and representatives of the various Chinese public organisations.\n\n\"We are working for the prosperity of both Hongkong and Canton, and we feel quite confident that, after this visit, our friendship and co-operation will be increased and lead to useful results. I earnestly hope that in future we shall meet each other more often and exchange views for achieving progress, and promoting the welfare, of our two cities, and strengthening the ties of friendship between Great Britain and China.”\n\n## CHINESE TIFFIN\n\n### Businessmen Entertain At Hongkong Hotel\n\n#### SPEECHES OF WELCOME\n\nGeneral Huang Mu-sung, Chairman of the Kwangtung Provincial Government, and Mr. Tseng Yang-fu, Mayor of Canton, were the guests of honour at a tiffin in the Hongkong Hotel Roof Garden yesterday, when they were entertained by a group of leading Chinese business men. Other guests included the trade delegation which arrived from Canton yesterday morning.\n\nIn proposing a toast to General Huang and Mr. Tseng, the Hon. Mr. R. H. Kotewall, who spoke in Chinese, said:\n\n\"The visit of His Excellency the Chairman of the Provincial Government of Kwangtung and His Honour the Mayor of Canton has given unbounded pleasure to the whole community of Hongkong. The warmth of their welcome has seldom been equalled. It was but in September last that Governor Sir Andrew Caldecott called on Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek in Canton, when he had the opportunity of meeting many high officials there, and of cementing the friendly relations between Kwangtung and Hongkong. To-day, so soon after that visit, His Excellency the Chairman, General Huang Mu-sung, and His Honour Mayor Tseng Yang-fu honour Hongkong with a visit. This is clear evidence of the harmonious friendship between the Authorities of the two places, and also of the increasingly cordial relations between China and Great Britain.\n\n\"Of the population of Hongkong about 97 per cent. are Chinese. Canton and Hongkong are closely related, geographically, commercially, and even from the point of view of peace and good order. Last night at the banquet at Government House, His Excellency the Chairman very aptly likened Canton and Hongkong to two sisters. I venture to make two other comparisons. Canton is as a mansion, and Hongkong its gateway; Canton is as the human trunk, and Hongkong its throat.\n\n\"Fortunes Linked. A few days ago His Honour the Mayor, speaking at a meeting of the Rotary Club in Canton, said somewhat to the effect that if Canton prospered, Hongkong would also prosper; if Canton suffered, Hongkong would also suffer; that, in short, the two places are interdependent. There can be no doubt that Canton and Hongkong share their prosperity and adversity, and are intimately responsive to each other in ebb and in flow.\n\n\"A few days ago, when I went up to Canton to attend the State funeral of the late Mr. Hu Han-min, I was overwhelmed by the unbounded hospitality of His Excellency the Chairman and of His Honour the Mayor. Though the conversations I had with them were short, they were not too short to enable me to realise that they had already gained thorough knowledge of local conditions. Now, they have come personally to Hongkong, and are seeing for themselves the conditions of the Chinese in particular, and of the Colony in general. Their knowledge will thus be enhanced, for 'to see with the eye is better than to hear with the ear,' just as one personal contact is better than a hundred letters.\n\n\"Both the Chairman and the Mayor love the people, and are assiduous in their efforts for their welfare. Since the assumption of their high offices, they have introduced what is modern, and abolished what is obsolete. They have upheld law and order, and they know the needs and heed the aspirations of the people.\n\n\"Hongkong happily also has as its Governor Sir Andrew Caldecott who has understanding and sympathy, vision and ability. Thus, like 'the echoing sound or the responding spirit', friendly co-operation will, of a certainty, be forthcoming, to the benefit of the two places.\n\n\"Able Assistants. Moreover, all those who have accompanied the Chairman and the Mayor on this visit are men of outstanding ability. Among the officials there are, for instance, Dr. Tyau, Colonel Li Fong, General Wong Keung, and Colonel Chang Yuan-man. Among the commercial party there are, among others too numerous to name, Mr. Ho Chap-ping and Mr. Chau Tin-pong who, with their colleagues, form a distinguished party. Our pleasure has been enhanced by the presence of His Majesty's Consul-General in Canton, Mr. Herbert Phillips, and of other prominent citizens of the Colony, official and unofficial, British and Chinese.\n\n\"Last night at Government House, His Excellency the Chairman quoted this happy saying: 'To befriend the one's good neighbour, and to co-operate with him, is a precious asset of a nation.' This precept is being carried into practice by Canton and Hongkong to-day.\n\n\"My fellow-hosts and I sincerely hope that our distinguished guests will not measure the extent of our respect and admiration for them by the inadequacy of the arrangements which we have made for their welcome and entertainment. We wish them every success in their high endeavours, and we wish Kwangtung peace and prosperity. Gentlemen, I now ask you to raise your glasses and drink with me to the health of His Excellency General Huang Mu-sung and Mr. Tseng Yang-fu.\"\n\nThe toast was responded to by Gen. Huang and Mr. Tseng, who spoke in Cantonese.\n\n#### Gen. Huang's Response\n\nIn coming to Hongkong with the Mayor Mr. Tseng Yang-fu to return the visit of His Excellency Sir Andrew Caldecott, I have been accorded the warmest welcome and I feel I have been greatly honoured. It is almost two years since I last visited Hongkong. On coming here again this time, I am glad to see with my own eyes the progress in trade and industry, the prosperity of the market, and the bright and harmonious views from every aspect. The economic depression has affected world trade generally, but Hongkong is able to stand out against all. You Gentlemen and the Government are to be congratulated for your efforts which have had such satisfactory results.\n\nChina's poverty has been due to two reasons—political instability and want of co-operation between Government and people. Fortunately, the country is now united, law and order are enforced, and...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-559-13 Sir A. Caldecott- visit to Canton 13-9-1936 - 26-11-1936.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 581883, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-594-8 A G H Sment- report on medical activities and problems 16-12-1945 - 18-2-1946", "page_number": 23, "title": "CO129-594-8 A G H Sment- report on medical activities and problems 16-12-1945 - 18-2-1946", "content_text": "## \nIn spite of this, Pulmonary tuberculosis has always been with the Chinese. They do not seem to have acquired any high degree of immunity to the infection. The universal habit of spitting has been largely responsible for spreading infection and, in addition, post-war conditions are highly favourable to its spread. Urban areas are already becoming grossly overcrowded and there has been for years no supervision of dwelling houses or tenements. It will take many months before favourable conditions can be re-established. In addition, resistance is low on account of the privations endured although this is improving with better feeding. Not only is the coolie class population widely affected but also the clerical group. Clerks and their families who have been living outside Hong Kong during the occupation are returning in increasing numbers and many of them, together with those remaining in Hong Kong, are probably affected. The cases that come to notice can only form a small proportion of the total that exists. There are no clinics for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, nor any sanitoria. Other forms of tuberculosis are not said to be prevalent in Hong Kong.\n\n## \nThe incidence of venereal disease amongst the civil population in the Colony is out of all proportion to its occurrence before the occupation. Apparently the position altered for the worse in the later stages of the occupation and some of the infections in the New Territories, where the incidence used not to be high, is attributed to the introduction of the infection by Japanese troops coming from other areas, such as Singapore. It must be remembered that there has been no treatment whatever available for these people until after our re-entry. The evidence collected at V.D. clinics shows that, instead of the pre-war ratio of three cases of gonorrhoea to one of syphilis, the proportions now are nearly equal, while there is a high percentage of dual infections. There are four clinics in the Colony solely for the treatment of venereal disease; each with male and female sections, and venereal disease is also treated at the out-patient clinics in the various hospitals. The position in regard to treatment in this Colony is more favourable than that found in many other British territories. There is no stigma attached to venereal disease and V.D. clinics are undoubtedly popular, with attendances increasing rapidly. For example, weekly figures for the female Social Hygiene clinic at Tsim Sha Tsui show that, while in the week ending 30th September there were only ten new cases, the average weekly attendance in November was almost four times the September figure. Most cases, however, are only seen at a later stage when inconvenient or painful symptoms occur. No charge whatever is made for treatment at V.D. clinics. The Civil Authorities have been handicapped in treating these cases by the shortage of drugs and, had it not been for the help of the Services, little or nothing could have been done. Colonel Felly wants a first-class specialist Venereal Disease Officer and drugs; both of these he is trying to obtain urgently.\n\n## \nOther diseases seen are beri-beri, ulcers and various forms of anaemia. Ulcers are mostly associated with the long absence of medical facilities and with malnutrition; they are very prevalent. Anaemia is associated principally with malaria, malnutrition and helminthic infections. This anaemia should improve gradually with treatment for the associated conditions. People in this Colony appreciate the benefits of Western medicine and come freely to dispensaries. It is obvious that they trust those who are caring for them and, on the other hand, there is a reciprocal keenness, and often enthusiasm, on the part of the native staff at the various dispensaries. The recruited staff have the trust and confidence of those whom they are looking after, and all this goes a long way in the restoration of better conditions.\n\n## \nComparatively little evidence of frank malnutrition is seen in the Colony but there is undoubtedly a high incidence of under-nutrition following conditions of occupation. This is inevitable. The results are evident in the lowered capacity for work both of the clerical staffs and among coolies; the former get readily tired and are incapable of prolonged concentrated effort and the coolie class have only a limited capacity for physical work. However, with better conditions of feeding and happier conditions generally, these deficiencies are disappearing. Diets are becoming more balanced and many of the supplementary articles of food that make a meal attractive have come back. The main shortage is of good fats. Soya bean, with its high fat and protein content, is not unpopular in South China but it has not got the same vogue as in Northern China, although a good deal of bean curd is consumed. Lieutenant Colonel Wilkinson, the Medical Officer in charge of Kowloon, is at present conducting a nutritional survey among...\n\n42878-1 \n6", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-594-8 A G H Sment- report on medical activities and problems 16-12-1945 - 18-2-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]