[
    {
        "id": 218551,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "page_number": 424,
        "title": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "content_text": "\n\n} \n\nHer Majesty's Government of Houghing, and Chief Superintendency of Trade. to A you for the undermentioned furniture to- suppuid for th \n\n' for the Public \n\nrese \n\n1ill ining Table Chinchew make 19 ûrm chairs - Black Lacquer \n\nDr \n\nhogany. \n\nPasy.\" \n\ny se \n\nArmr \n\n2 Ceuches \n\n9 Sedan \n\n1 large \n\nI went board of 60 Marble top f/2 \n\n30. \n\n100. \n\nchairs, Cushions & Caster's 652. \n\n26u \n\n36. \n\n81. \n\n1 Round Table. \n\n2. Sotas \n\n36a \n\n44. \n\n36.. \n\n2 Card. \n\nMaking \n\nFee to Mandarins \n\na tstal, of for hundred of 674. \n\nand Seventy four Dollars \n\nCautore, June 30th 1843 \n\nContents Received. \n\nin Chinese \n\n(Signed) A you in \n\nWitness & Ayour Signature Siguides then let Board.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 218967,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-006 - Sir John Davis - 1844",
        "page_number": 293,
        "title": "CO129-006 - Sir John Davis - 1844",
        "content_text": "Perist, betoria, on the right of the rf. Kistant. The English Police were fortunately on the alert, and nine of these attacking the actors with their firearms, killed one, wounded others and forced the rest to flight, leaving behind them a number of long spears. The dead body of the robber has been sent over to Kowloon to be identified if possible.\n\nIt appears that the pirates escaped in Boats, and there is every reason to suppose that the island Chungchew on the West of Hongkong is one of their haunts. I should recommend Your Excellency directing a rigid search to be made on that island, to clear it, if possible of those public nuisances; or, I shall be happy to request His Excellency the Rear Admiral of Her Majesty's Squadron to cause one of his vessels to proceed thither for process against any of the inhabitants who may be concerned in piracy, which is equally opposed to the laws of China and England.\n\nWith many wishes to Your Excellency,\n\nI have &c. (Aigues) J.H. Clavell.\n\nI have Copy.\n\nFrederick W.A. Bruce\n\nColonial Secretary.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-006 - Sir John Davis - 1844.txt",
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        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 223204,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-016 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [1-6]",
        "page_number": 166,
        "title": "CO129-016 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [1-6]",
        "content_text": "Contract. \n\n1 for the sum \n\nof $6,000, out of \n\nof which sum $5,000 were charged to the Valley, and the remainder of $1,000 to \n\nthe Road.\n\nThe work next in succession was the formation of a site for the location of the Chinchew Merchants at an expenditure of $90.\n\nThe repairs to the Roads in the District of the Wongneichung Sukunfu Valleys, in a very nearly two-mile length, have only amounted to the trifling sum of $26.28 during the year; they are now in efficient and perfect order.\n\nThe Road to Tylam has been opened throughout during this year, extending from Sukumpe a distance of 8 miles, and over a line of country presenting many difficulties in its construction; the Estimates prepared for this service were No. 9, 1844, and 15 of 1844, and Requisition of September 12th for Repairs and maintenance, amounting to the sum of £6,394.5.3. – this sum having been expended, and the works not completed, a further Sum was sanctioned under Reports and Estimates Nos 9 and 11 of 1845, amounting to £4,166.11.7. The causes which have led to this expenditure, with the detail of the expenditure itself, have been so fully explained in Estimate No. 9 of this year that I shall only briefly allude to considerable damage occurred to the Sukunfu causeway and to the Road alongshore to Sookewan or Aldrich bay during a gale. It was found quite impossible to prevent the filling from being drawn through the interstices of the stones composing the rough retaining wall.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-016 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [1-6].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 227453,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-026 - Bonham - 1848 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 147,
        "title": "CO129-026 - Bonham - 1848 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "1627 -cutting and Office in the neighbourhood, in command of the war junks, forming part of Captain Peteman's evidence, is not left conclusive as to the innocence and perfectly legal character of the Junk, the object of this outrage, and is nearly equally strong, I am sorry to say, as to the frequent occurrence of similar acts of piracy and violation of the laws of nations, by vessels sailing under the British and other foreign flags. According to the evidence of Captain Pitman, this Chinese Naval Officer considered that the native trade was exposed to greater coils from foreign than from Chinese pirates.\n\nThe evidence of Chingchew, the wounded seaman, was clear; he not only deposed to the principal facts of the murder of five of his companions, the rifling of the bodies, and his own wound by shot from the \"Spec\", together with the capture of the Junk while following their lawful pursuits, but deposed to acts of barbarity on the part of the captors, in throwing overboard wounded men, and even cutting and shooting at them subsequently, to ensure their death. One of these assailants he clearly and unhesitatingly identified in the person answering to the name of Ephraim Francis, who has two remarkable rings on his wrists, recognized by the witness, and described in his evidence before he had the opportunity of examining the prisoner.\n\nThese are the leading facts and most material evidence, exhibiting, it appears to me, features of peculiar atrocity, so total disregard of the laws, and ignorance or contempt of the obligations of honest men to observe them, that it must, I am sure, appear to Your Excellency imperative that H. M. Government take prompt and effective measures to clear the Chinese seas of vessels under the British flag, emulating the \"Speed\" in their felonious acts, and bringing disgrace and odium upon our nationality in this country.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-026 - Bonham - 1848 [9-12].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 233214,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6]",
        "page_number": 121,
        "title": "CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6]",
        "content_text": "Return of Reports of Piracies committed\n\nDate of Piracy Description of Brutes of Name of Owner\n\n1549.\n\n  \n    Date\n    Port sailing from\n    Description\n    Name of Owner\n  \n  \n    March 1\n    Trading boat \"Too Achow\"\n    Hoy frong;\n    \n  \n  \n    May 3\n    Chong Awrong. East Coast.\n    Fishing boat \"Long fat bin\"\n    Slongkong. Thong kong ming.\n  \n  \n    June 5th\n    Passage boat here.\n    Wong Ahing.\n    Hongkong and Macao\n  \n  \n    14th\n    Passage boat.\n    Young Aram.\n    Taiping and Sam mom\n  \n  \n    28th\n    Fishing boat \"Foong wa show\"\n    \n    Chinchew gunk Chan Asting. East Coast. Yaung how Yaong Fat shan show Slongkong;\n  \n  \n    July 14\n    Passage boat.\n    Chiny sam ljon\n    \n  \n  \n    August 8th\n    Fishing boat.\n    Trong ma mow.\n    Stanley. Wong Afook. Aberdeen.\n  \n  \n    25\n    \n    Wong Afook.\n    Aberdeen, Cheung wa por. Aberdeen\n  \n  \n    31\n    Passage boat No. 174\n    Leong ye hing.\n    Kongmoon and Hongkong : 322\n  \n  \n    Sept 4\n    Fishing boat \"Lee sing you\"\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    8\n    Trading junk \"Chun Aying\"\n    \n    Aberdeen Canton.\n  \n  \n    16th\n    Fishing boat \"Slong low she\"\n    \n    Aberdeen. Low chun the Aberdeen.\n  \n  \n    20\n    Trading boat \"Jumiseen put\"\n    \n    Canton.\n  \n  \n    20\n    Fishing boat \"Los Atye\"\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Sept 4th\n    Trading boat \"Sum\"\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Loschap.\n    44 Man song Kong chin bing.\n  \n  \n    29\n    Passage boat \"Leong Asor\"\n    \n    Chunkaun.\n  \n  \n    Nov 1\n    Fishing boat \"Mong Poochaong\"\n    \n    Pinghoi. Gov 6502 Akong 118\n  \n\nPage 363\n\nThe Secretary to the\n\nAdmiralty. 28 Aug - 1858.\n\n23 Sir\n\n1858\n\n{MINUTE 6 Any AUG?\n\nAuf\n\nW! Halks wall\n\nMr Elliot\n\nMi Merivale\n\n15-\n\nMR Peel Daked Newcast/6\n\nN° 28 Apral 18/53.\n\nI am directed by\n\nthe Duke of Newcastle' to transmit to you for\n\nthe consideration of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, the copy\n\nof a Despatch and\n\nit's Enclosures from the\n\nOfficer administering the Govt of Hong Kong,\n\nreporting on the increased prevalence of Piracy in its vicinity, and\n\nPage 363",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6].txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 233241,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6]",
        "page_number": 148,
        "title": "CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6]",
        "content_text": "(Copy).\n\nHongkong, April 19th 1853.\n\nThe Senior Naval Officer in China.\n\nI now beg leave to bring to your notice an attack made by Pirates on the schooner Zephyr, owned by Messrs. Dent & Co., and under my command. On the 14th April I left Chinchew bound to Amoy, with a valuable cargo on board, and at half past four in the afternoon a large west coast junk heavily armed and largely manned bore down on the schooner; with the intention to come alongside, the Chinese standing by their guns in readiness to fire. When within three quarters of a mile, I commenced firing my guns at him, (of which he took no notice, but still stood on for the schooner), but without striking him. We crossed his bows and left him astern when within half a mile. He then hauled his wind...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 236300,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-050 - Sir Bowring and Lieut Governor Caine - 1855 [5-6]",
        "page_number": 164,
        "title": "CO129-050 - Sir Bowring and Lieut Governor Caine - 1855 [5-6]",
        "content_text": "23 April, 1855 Linline\n\n159\n\n15 Miles Passaget out Captured by 2 Hatowe, about seven on board;\n\nCargo plundered, and boat released.\n\nTrading Boat Captured by 1 pirate Boat having about 197 men killed, 3 burnt, wounded, cargo plundered, boat released.\n\n5 0.\n\nH...\n\n\"\n\n\"\n\nJamhoon low 20\n\nBe\n\n20\n\nand 3 Men killed.\n\nFishing Boat Captured by 1 pirate boat having about 50 men carried away\n\n!!\n\n\"/\n\nFast-Fow soon 10\n\nDo\n\n\"\n\nChungchew 8 (Do\n\nDo\n\n\"\n\nIn mors\n\nImin ar\n\ninogo plundered, Boat released.\n\nCaptured by 6 pirate Boats leaving about 300 men on board; boat burnt; cargo plundered, some released.\n\nCaptured by 9 pirate Boats having about 120 on board.\n\nDe Passage Boat Captured by 18 pirates.\n\npassing\n\n#\n\n\"\n\nSinitier\n\n15 Co\n\ncre,\n\nanay.\n\nbour..\n\n02\n\nA-Q\n\n1 man killed, and boat released.\n\nBook\n\nJiatriny Boat Captured by 2 pirate Boats having about\n\nFistring.\n\n\"\n\n\"\n\n\"\n\n\"\n\nRo\n\nDo\n\n\"/\n\nFireg Ting Nay 55 (20\n\n308\n\n\"\n\nGrenssteund Hest limite Harbour.\n\n(Do\n\n\"\n\nLama\n\nWhile\n\nDe\n\nPing Hey 55 (20\n\n(Do\n\n#4\n\n\"\n\n\"\n\nPo\n\n(o\n\nDo\n\nSome on board; Cargo plundered, boat released.\n\nCaptured by 2 Pirate Boats, having about some on board; Cargo Value of $140.\n\nboard; Cargo plundered, boat released.\n\nCargo plundered, boat released.\n\nCaptured by 4 pirate Boats having about 190 on board; Cargo Value $1000.\n\nboard, Cargo plundered, & boat released.\n\nCaptured by 1 pirate boat, having about 20 men on board; cargo plundered, & boat released.\n\nCaptured by 3 pirate boats having about 30 on board; cargo plundered, boat released.\n\nAnku ora\n\n{\n\nCaptured by 2 pirate Boats having about so on board.\n\ninptured by 1 pirate boat having about\n\nboard.\n\n24th of April, 1855-\n\nTotal 35 Piracies reported during the month\n\nJP, May, 1855 Mer cae\n\n40\n\nFishing Boat Captured by 30 pirate Boats having about 300 men on board.\n\n2 men wounded,",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-050 - Sir Bowring and Lieut Governor Caine - 1855 [5-6].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 240481,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-060 - Public Offices - 1856",
        "page_number": 289,
        "title": "CO129-060 - Public Offices - 1856",
        "content_text": "I beg now to forward copies of the whole of this correspondence for Your Lordship's information & instruction. Here would be perhaps great inconvenience in giving to \"the Consular Authorities at Amoy the Courts\" & imposing upon them the Duties of Emigration Officers, but what is to be done in the many places whence Emigration takes place in which there exists no Consular Authority, at Swatow – Namoa – Chinchew – Macao & other places on the coast? Your Lordship will observe that they have great unwillingness to interfere with the most important provision of the Imperial Act legislation.\n\nIn reference to the general subject of Emigration, I have to remark that the Admiralty orders of the 12th of June, forwarded by Your Lordship's Dispatch No. 131 dated 2 July, make no provision for guarding against some of the worst abuses that exist, as for example,\n\nBritish or not British Naval Officers are authorized on requisition by writing from the House Officer of Emigration or Custom or Consular Authority - to convey a vessel to a port where there is \"Admiralty Jurisdiction\", - but if a rebel vessel be found having no national Flag - no regular papers - or having then her colours at a place where there is no Consular authority of any sort...\n\nPage 287\n\nPage 165",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-060 - Public Offices - 1856.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 241301,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-062 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 326,
        "title": "CO129-062 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "324\n\n25\n\nAr\n\nDATE\n\nFRAM\n\nDara\n\n[NO. 6. FEBRUARY 10, 7\n\nMERCHANT VESSEL&-Continual.\n\nJune 29 117 Dent, Beale and Co\n\nJan. 12 962 Lindsay and Co\n\nJan. 29 2, Duus and Co Jan 19 7 W. Husband Co July 14 50 Watson, aud Co\n\n925 W. Pustau and Co\n\nSHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.\n\nARRIVED,\n\nThe Wongkong Register.\n\nMERCHANT VESSELS-Continued,\n\nSarre\n\nArrival\n\nDate of\n\nTime\n\nDate of\n\nCOMSJONKER\n\nSups\n\nArrivTOMA\n\nConsta\n\nNAMR\n\nFLAG\n\nPOSH CAPTAIN\n\nRio\n\nFRUM\n\nBAILED\n\nCanco\n\nCONTIGNER.\n\nFast Coast\n\nDuich\n\nShanghae British\n\n2. Christian\n\nglsamstra\n\n4 Auckland\n\nBercha\n\n4 Mazeppa\n\nAn\n\n8 Vecilia\n\n23 Archer\n\nHongkong Feb. Leon\n\nדן\n\nDut. 764 ric\n\nEarl of Windeer Brit. sh. 1000\n\nkrawa 3JArcher\n\nAm. sh.160\n\nagond\n\nTime & Truth Brit. bk 670 Dod\n\nAuckland\n\n$Queen Phangnze Jau. 23 Maria Hay\n\nAm. hk 204 Nelson\n\nBrisach. 140\n\nBolton Brit str. 103 Harris\n\nDrát, s 200 steary Dri sh. 924 Middleton Aan. a. 1280 Osgood\n\nBordcan Sept. 10\n\neucral Sonrabara Jan. 2 Rico Calcutta Nov. 23 Kiar Bombay Dec. 30 General Shanghae Jan. 30 Ballnat Melbourne Doe, 1 Ballast\n\nGeneral Formosa Feb. Nineus FP Sundries\n\nAmoy\n\nBrat Cess Peb\n\n2 Treasure\n\nGenerat Amoy Peb. Ballast Bingapore Jan. 28\n\nAmunition Singapurs Dec. 24\n\nilico Meller Sov. 26 Baline 3. Francisc\n\nDiana. sebouer\n\nJan.\n\n100 Schaefer and Co\n\nFr. Lk. 406 Oreg Hara, bg. 260 Bigcon\n\nOrdar\n\nWat.l'ostaw andCo Schaefer and Co Lindsay and Co Order\n\nHenrietta Maris, bq. Due. Pagan Zephyr, ba July Vrieadshop, chip jJune\n\nDanish\n\n581 Schaeffer anil Co Jady A. Duff, barque 952. W. LawrenogaĈo Lady Mary Wood, c. Dec. 700 F. W. Lawrence Co Laalmenntir, ship\n\nLoulan Baillte, ship\n\nKelso, ship\n\nJan. *: 589 Ladway and Ca\n\nNov.\n\n$ 3709, Kennedy and Co\n\n509.&O. 8. S. N. G\n\nJan.\n\n7 8529, Bawinan and Co\n\nAng. 24 49man, B. and Co\n\nOrder\n\nBre. bk. Suo Klamp\n\nFeb.\n\nBrits 674 Tage\n\nA. Catr. 945 Drought\n\n.M. Robinet & Cy Wu. Pastau and Co Jardine. M. and Co 1. Walker Jardine, and Co\n\nHaldur, sehooner Lootse, schooner\n\nHamburg\n\nNov.\n\n14: W. Pustau and Cu\n\nMary Wionholt, ship\n\nJa\n\n1205ardino, M. & Co\n\nJav.\n\n160 W. Tustau and Co\n\nNapoleon HI, abip\n\nDec\n\n760 Busaeil and Cu\n\nElizabeth Rose, brig Lima, barque Mathilde, brig\n\nOct\n\n123 Siemsson and Ca\n\nJune\n\n919John Bard and Co\n\nKau.\n\n202 Turner and Ca\n\nNina, schooner File, ship Nightingale, ship Parade, qua Palmyra, harjua\n\nNov.\n\n115 John Burd and Co\n\nDoe\n\n708 Jardino, M. and Co\n\nHee. 1404Jardine, M. and Co\n\nbraly\n\n62 Welters and Co\n\nNov. 28 708 Captain\n\nBadast\n\nAugier and Cu Jardino, J. & Co tugwell and Cu\n\nParagon, skip\n\nBremon\n\nAug.\n\n800 Order\n\nPelican, barque\n\n2. 144. C. Schwabe\n\nPluto, stenmer\n\nFelis, arqu\n\nJan,\n\nbeefyall, Stiil and Co\n\nPruth, ship\n\nSAILED.\n\nChilian Frolle, schooner\n\nRemi, atenmer\n\nJape\n\n166W.M.Robinet & Ve\n\nRolls, lig\n\nGreyhound, ship\n\nFeb.\n\n500W. Pustau and\n\nCedarsh Lacy, barque\n\nNAMS\n\nRo\n\nTexs\n\nCAPTAIN\n\nFor\n\nCono\n\nCONNORRST\n\nSwntow Britisk\n\nSamuel Studdart, bg, Salmatle, ship\n\nSept. 1 451 Dent, Beale at Co\n\nالواد\n\nSir James, bang\n\nDec.\n\n7 Lindsay and Co\n\nHongkong Feh. No\n\n3 Alligator\n\n3 Magallanes\n\n3 Nimrod\n\n4 Waroola\n\n3.Scipion\n\n8 Baria\n\n19 Crisis\n\n4P. Van Burco\n\nWild Wave\n\nBrit bg 200 Boyh Brit. bg 1078tudes Sp. str.\n\nBrit. sh. 820arg\n\nBrit. ah 54 Alien Brit, sch. 200 Cheyn\n\nLaughing Water Brit, hk. 404 Omut\n\n6 Montriant\n\nChampion\n\n7 Si James Brooke Brit. str. 973 Skioner\n\n7 Dygden\n\nSw. ab. 240 Patterson\n\n7 Anos Justina Dut. sb. 500 Budeaburg 7J. Godfrey\n\nAm. t 486jGrant\n\nAlfred the Great Brit ] 640 Melutyro Grayhoaud\n\nSwatow Jan. 20 Anais\n\nAmoy Dec. 29 Tariew Fuhchau Nov. 21 Queensbury\n\nDec 8Folmala\n\n15 Agnes Garland\n\nShanghae Jan. 198chiamer\n\n12 Prince Royal 19,Sallow\n\n15 White Swallow\n\n20 Kate Carnie\n\nFr. sh. 82|Carignac\n\nAna sch. 240 Gregory Brit sh. 680 Casaldy Belk all asrisulte Brit. bk. 265 Thompso old. bk. 550 Schwarz\n\nBrit. sh. 502 Hamilton\n\nBrit. sh. 1293 Tucker\n\nAm. sh. 1200 Brown\n\nBrit, h, 401 Black.\n\nSHIPPING IN CHINA.\n\nMERCHANT VISELS.\n\nLondon\n\nNew York\n\nSiam\n\nSundries\n\nOnder\n\nChina, whip\n\nApril\n\n300 Order\n\nSu R. Abercromby, si. Jan.\n\n743 Tammer and Co\n\nSheagha\n\nSundries\n\nGibb, L. and Co\n\nFazal Cerian, burqno Juue\n\n250 Order\n\nVindex, actioner\n\nJon.\n\n179 Dent and Ce\n\nBoern\n\nManila\n\nNantos, schoober\n\nAug.\n\n150 D, Laprak\n\nWhampoa, barque\n\nSept. 30\n\n378 Under\n\nWild Mower, ship\n\nfec.\n\nSingapore\n\nSandries\n\n175 Lindany and Co\n\nDent and Co\n\nTht. bk. 250 Yeaser\n\nButaris ¡Sundries\n\nWm. Pustan and Co\n\nAmey\n\nFrench\n\nSingapor\n\nSundries\n\nHolliday, Wise and Ce\n\nBritish\n\nCanton, ship\n\nDea\n\n435 Deal and Co\n\nMeltwuns\n\nSundries Jardine, M, and Ge\n\nAbbotsford, barquo\n\nNov.\n\n425 F. D. SyDia and Co\n\n| Montrlant, ship\n\nFab,\n\n917ent and Co\n\nAkyalı\n\nSp.bg\n\nMaulls Duran\n\nSundnes\n\nSundries\n\nhilpa, Moore and Co\n\nAnn Key, schoenen\n\nApril\n\n121 Tait and fa\n\nAmerican\n\nAntoinette, barque\n\nSøpt\n\nBrit. str. 850 Payley\n\nStangha\n\nSandrite ], & 28, N. Ca\n\nBlack River Packet, bq. April 19,\n\n219 Scharffor and Co 205 Order\n\nArgonaut, ship\n\nJa.\n\n586 King and Co\n\nFr. sh. 91 Brun\n\nStangha\n\nSundries\n\nDent and Co\n\nConfucina, ship\n\nNov.\n\nAm. sh. 360 Gray\n\nForth Seas\n\nSundries\n\nUrder\n\nColdstream, ship\n\nDee.\n\nSingaport\n\nSundries\n\nFletcher and Co\n\nChinchew, ship\n\nSept\n\nShaug\n\nBuutirios\n\nWzz. Pastau and Co\n\nRangoon\n\nSundries\n\nTurner and Ca\n\nEllen, barque\n\nOliver, bargce\n\nNos.\n\nPeb\n\nSan Fransisco Sundries\n\nOrder\n\nEmma, scheuer\n\n511 Holliday, Wise &Co 764adine, M. and Co\n\n785. D. Sype and Co\n\n226 Lya, Stil! and Co 688 Platcher and Co April 21; 120 Curner and Co\n\nMilam, ship Carrington, ship Channing, ship Competitor, siy Eagle, ekip\n\nEagle Wing, ship\n\nGolden Weat, ably\n\nB.\n\nDec.\n\n49% Raspell and Co\n\nNOF.\n\n100 aac M. Buli & Co\n\nJuly $556 King and Co\n\nNov, 101000 King and Co\n\n1174 Russell and Co\n\n1500 A. Heard and Co\n\nMelbourne\n\n¡Buodtles\n\nJamca StephoneNA\n\nEmigrant, baryas\n\nChi ah. 506/Smith\n\nBest Coun\n\nBundries Won. Pratâd and Ca\n\nEmily Annina, neh,\n\nAug. 19 Nov.\n\nOrder\n\nHenry Harback, ship\n\nNov. 16 740 Crampton, H. & Co\n\n165 Purlagjes & Co | Horsilo, ship\n\nNov. 18\n\ntall, Nya and Co\n\nHavant\n\nSuadrien\n\nOrder\n\nForerunner, schooner\n\nDea\n\n140 D. faprak\n\nMatilda, ship\n\nSingapor\n\nSandrica\n\nLondon\n\nTait and Co\n\nTena, &c. Heard and Co\n\nGom, brly\n\nJane\n\n254 Dent ausl Co\n\nMelita, schooner\n\nJuu. J\n\n689 Rosell and Co\n\n140 Kassell and Co\n\nHomer brig\n\nJals\n\n595 Order\n\nTeas, &c.\n\nLiverpool Teas, c. Cows, der Sundries\n\nJardino, M. and Co\n\nOrder\n\nMariner's Hope, brig\n\nApril\n\n250 Order\n\nNile, hrig\n\nJuas\n\nEid Angier and Ca\n\nRomances of Sons ship! Dos.\n\nEundou Teas, &c, Upadi\n\nWth. Paste and Lo Blenkin, R. and Co\n\nNymph, barqne\n\nDec.\n\n400 Liadeay and Ca\n\nNeptune's Favorite, sh. Det. 81846|A, Heard and Co Norwester, ship\n\nDanish\n\nDec. 101287 A. Heard and Co\n\n241782 Ruwell and Co\n\nPet, barque\n\nAag\n\n375 Under\n\nDanmark, arque\n\nTeas, c Tens, &c.\n\nGrampton, H. and Co\n\nRoyal Lily, barque\n\nApril 28\n\n404 Lunevil and Co\n\nGlucions, brig\n\nLiverpool\n\nBrit, sh. 580|Rodger\n\nToas, e Sundrios\n\nKingsport\n\nMERCHANT VKSELS—Continued.\n\nA. Heard and Dent, Beale and Ca Gilian and Co\n\nBisters, brig\n\nJune\n\n182 Tail sud Co\n\nDee 330 Sterosen and Co Fan. 14 268Siemssen and Co Nov\n\n360 Overweg aud to\n\nUncle Tom, schooner\n\nSept\n\nWood Lark,brig\n\nDet. 12\n\nto ruil, Still and Co\n\nUnder\n\nJan.\n\n188 W. Pustan and Co\n\nNoringaese\n\nJATH\n\n270 W. Pustau and Co\n\nAurora, schooner\n\nMay\n\n128 Order\n\n140 W. Puatau and Co\n\nPostum, steac\n\nJune\n\n236 Simen and Ca\n\nAmericum\n\nNov.\n\n210 Joan Burl and Co\n\nSAIZS\n\n!Data of Tou\n\nMorida, ship\n\nCONFIGNERS\n\nHelcus, ship\n\nNov. Junt\n\nDec.\n\n404 Squeer and Co\n\nโมน\n\n25 W. Postan and Co\n\nDate of Inors\n\nCommons\n\n{Arrival |\n\nSept.\n\n277W. Pustan and Co\n\nHongkong\n\nOct.\n\n340 Trautmann and Co\n\nAlmonde, banq\n\nAug.\n\n589Order\n\nJustina, barque\n\njAug\n\nMercurius, barque Fielades,\n\nJuly\n\nDec,\n\n230|Dreyer und Vo\n\nDen.\n\n225 Biomes and Co\n\nLygdon, shig\n\nHambary\n\nBonito, brig\n\n¡Nov,\n\n31 John Burd and Cal\n\nBuenos Ayua, brig\n\nDed.\n\n200 Dreger and Co\n\nChristinu, brig Puel, choomer\n\nApril\n\n170rder\n\nDew\n\n148 Jardine, M. and Co\n\nPeruvian\n\n250W.M. Robinet & Co\n\nAug.\n\n175W.M.Robinet & Co\n\nDeo.\n\n400 Order\n\nLug\n\n9 430 Order\n\nAourn Barrabout Butts.n\n\nJuly\n\n3240;der\n\nCalcutta\n\nNov.\n\n220. 1. Syaru and Co\n\ny 11 4168.0. Syme and Ce\n\nConn\n\nJuly\n\n325 King and Co\n\nAng, 25 500 King and Co\n\nAag, 10 985 Russell and Co\n\nFab\n\n216|W. Puetae and Co\n\nSabu\n\nAt Hongkong} British Anandale, ship And, steamer Anaye, ship Australia, chip Avon, Lacque Banner, schooner\n\nGaneber, barque Brothers, brig Caldera, ship\n\nCadiz, steamer\n\nArrival:\n\n8759 Lyall, Sul and Co J Feb. 5 163 Robert 9. Walker Jan. 13 878 Fletcher and Co Sept. 5 580 John Bardd and Co Sep. 39 280 Bus and Co Jan. 188ohn Burd and Co\n\nPet 485 Jardiue, St. and Co\n\nDec. 15 2400rder\n\nJan. 8 225 Order\n\nFeb, 13000 P. & 0.9. N. Cu\n\nCity of Carlisle, ships. 15 996Jardine, 3 and Cu\n\nClarendon, satp\n\nDeva, ship\n\nSinglet, sleemer\n\nEarl Grey, barque\n\nEarl of Windsor ship\n\nBena, brig\n\nBuranic ship Excellent, brig Falcon, ship Formosa, ship\n\nGleus, ahip\n\nGod Succe, sip\n\nHero, ship\n\nKensington ship\n\nLady Hayce, barque\n\nLaurick, brig\n\nLord Raglan. ship Tani, barque\n\nNarshall, Buhooner Maria Hay, ship Mazepps, schooner Pacifico, brig\n\nFeb. 1 850Jarding, M. and Co Jan. 18:1030 Russell and Co\n\nDoc 8 1888tomssen und Co Dec. 17 8737ardine, M.\n\nDiter\n\nAdmiral Zoutman, shipDec.\n\nAlbrecht Belling, bq.Nov.\n\nG. G. D. Von Twist, hq,fian. Oct. 10 300W. Postau and Coatic Liong, bargus ne Jaa. 18 3685iomsten and Co Nov. 28, 8438,Senseffer and Co\n\nAnon Elizabet,bą. Chriatias, leque General de Stiles, hop. Jan. 2 798|Under Hollandetrow, hargas Jacot. Lima, barke Jacoba Cornella, pq. Klazina, darus\n\nOosterling, harg Proteos, barque Regina, arqu Sumatra, aliip Danish\n\nSept. 10 799 chaster and Co OL 32 800 Schaeffer and Cu Feb. 192chaser and Co Jan. 17 charler and Co Dee. 13 363 Van der Haven Jan 18 443ucer and Co Jan. 473 W. Punta and Co Feb. 278445obacter and Co\n\nMay 10 Siemmen and\n\nIfercuian, brig Helena\n\nJau. 31\n\nCo\n\nHanbury\n\nAar, ship\n\nAlbin, schooner Christian, belg\n\nDec. y Nov. 16 Feb.\n\n260\n\nFab 21 Lindas and Co\n\nJan. 26) 207 Camajce and Co\n\nDec. 26 728 Order\n\nNov. 385 Lyail, Still and Co\n\nSept. 26 430Jardine, M. & Lin\n\nJan. 14 406 Order\n\nLau. 16 784. Murray and Co\n\nNov. 600 Jardine, M. & Co\n\nJan. 1 404 Lindsey and Co\n\nJan. 13 scoileder\n\n0 15 848 Geo. Duddell\n\nJan. 27 28Ajardine, M. and Co\n\nDec. 17 766 Jardine, M. & Cn\n\nJan. 12 274 Dent and Co\n\nDet.\n\n8 1988. K. Burrow\n\nJan. 31 994 Janline, M. and Co\n\nFeh. 4140anline, M. & Co Oct. 14] 146Deo. Dúddell T'aranverance, Largna Sept. 18 2Turner and Ca Princess Reval, supDec, 28; 900 Dent aud Co\n\n(Doc. 25 781onser\n\nQueen, brig Samarang, banque\n\nApoctly, ship\n\nFeb. 8 ĐuôiAngier and Ca\n\nDes. 25 5801Dent and Co\n\nJau 241031 Jamaa Stephenson\n\nSpirit of the North, ah. Kov, 11) 671jtibb, L. and Co Sultans, barque Oct 10 588schaeffer and e\n\nTime & Truth, bargde Teh. 3 578 Orlar\n\nUnion, leamer\n\nTruro, ship\n\nFenilia, ship\n\nVirginia alip\n\nVivid, brig\n\nWater Witch, barque\n\nWild Daynell, ach. Zephyr, schooner\n\nFrench\n\nEtoile, ship\n\nIndia, barqu\n\nLeon, harqua\n\nMaarl, ship\n\nSucces, ship\n\nVille de Dieppe, barque\n\nAnter\n\nAntonita, schwoner Antelope, T Archer, whip Auckland, barque\n\nBurnham, barque\n\nCarbon, shooner\n\nJan. 24 695 Order\n\nAng. 16 786 Thon. Husband Co Feb. 8 674 Jardine, Al, sad Co June 18 830 Lyall, Still and Cộ Nov. 8 143ardine. M. & Co Jau. 15 253 D. Lapaik\n\nJan. 156 Deat and Co\n\nJun. 31 148Dcut and Co\n\nJan. 24 539 Order\n\nfan. 18 615 Dent and Co\n\nFalk 2405,Order\n\nJan 24 156 Russell and Co\n\nNov. 14mier\n\nno. 221014 gail, Sul and Co\n\nDec. 3 112Order\n\nJan. 24200 Kussell and Co\n\nTeb. 31460 Roswell and Co\n\nFeb. 209.M.Robinet & Co\n\nOct. 28 245 W. Pulau and Co\n\nDue 26 300 K. Crashy\n\nCW. Bradley, j, bq. Oct. 9 218 A. Heard and Co\n\nDon Quixote, ship\n\nKtement, ship\n\nEureka, ship\n\nFrancis P. Sage, ship\n\n• Garland, schooner\n\nHelgu Mar, bergun\n\nJanes Marshall, big Kate Hooper, shig Mary Whitridge, ship\n\nMatcor, ekip\n\nMiana, schooner\n\nMin, geamur\n\nMonsoon, ship\n\nNorth Wind, ship\n\nN. B. Palmer, Jip\n\nDen 91438 King and Co\n\nJAN 33 400A. Heard and Co\n\nNov. 51100A. Heard and Co\n\nNov, 191146 Jardine, M. & Co\n\nJan. 151138. R. Barrows\n\nDec. 26 560 Order\n\nJan. 16 1865. K. Darrows\n\nDec, 281488 Jne. Stephenson\n\nNov. 27 978 Kuseli aud Co\n\nao. 201088, Heard and Co May 306Order\n\nJ. 14 101 Bu-sell and Co\n\nJane 28 506 Thomas Hunt &Co Oct.\n\n81041 Jaa. Purdon and Co\n\nDec. 1400 Russell and Co\n\nQueen of the Seas, spec. 17185Rll and Co\n\nRacebound\n\nRealute, ship\n\nShane Draper, sch.\n\nSportsman, shiy\n\nStar King, sly\n\nTuskina, ship\n\nYoung America, wip\n\nAug. 28 580. E. Barrows\n\nSept. 25 801 Russell and Ca\n\nHai, 26 206 A. Heard and Co\n\nNov. 20 626 Unter\n\nDec. 14177nder\n\nSept. 342 Y. J. Murrow\n\nSept 202000. Heard and Co\n\nMeteos, ship\n\nPeruvian\n\nAndreas, orig Architect, ship Carica, arqua L'allau, barque\n\nSantiago, banne Ugarte y Santiage,\n\nSMAR\n\nNoortol, banque\n\nSan Juan, barquə\n\nhq.\n\nSiamese Crow, stalp\n\nSintoy, schooner\n\nSpar\n\nDenia, schooner Bremen\n\nBertha, barque\n\nC. Metabets, you Solon, hanger\n\nChition\n\nAllanza, barque Spray, schooner\n\nNess Crans dinn Annie, barque\n\nMacao British\n\nW. Pustan and Co\n\n510 W. Puszu and Co\n\nJohn Bard sad Co Wm.Fustat and Co Jan. 15 540 die aussen end to\n\nTait and C\n\nNov. 16\n\nNov. 12 540. M. Rabinet& Co\n\nDar. 28 3505. J. das Remedios\n\nTall, 231 218 and\n\nJ.\n\nAcmel, brig Chico, brig\n\nClarita, brig Cara, skip\n\nkesits toge\n\nSiamese\n\nSea Horse, hocqus\n\nSiam, que\n\nSpanish\n\nSan Lorenzo, brig\n\nSeraphina, ship\n\nFubebau\n\nDritish\n\nCo\n\nMaste, bri\n\nDee & 9p. dos Remedios\n\nJan. 195. Robinet & Co\n\nSept. 15j 200 Order\n\nNav. 19 160 Order\n\nDee, 15 300inder\n\nAug. 26 250 under\n\nNov. Zayall, Still and Co\n\n1400W. Duxted and Co\n\nJan. 24 4702. S. Walker\n\nDet. 22 48fuhn Bond and Co Jan. 29 270/Onder\n\nDec. 220W.M. Robines & Co\n\nJuly 1307 Edward and Bailey\n\nJehn Macthic, ekip Feb. Rochampton, shijs Ang\n\nPortugues\n\nMetasje, barque\n\nNew Era, khij\n\nGaiden Raer, ship\n\nKingfisher, ship\n\nMandarin, ship\n\nSamuel Ronsell, ship\n\nSarah H. Snow, Ivy, Vancouver, ship\n\nHambog\n\nAtlas, barne\n\nSa Dent, Beate and Co\n\n289 fyn, Stilt end Co\n\n597 1..Robinct & Co\n\nTou Scimeter and Co 1543chaetler and Co 478sohaefer and Co 2448. D. Syme and Go 237 Adam Scott 190Schelfer and Co 424\n\n10. Nathabloy & Co\n\nOtto, barque\n\nVirginie, brig\n\nHamburg\n\nEsperanza, harqne Hannibal, schooner\n\n| fverbrook, brig\n\nLima, barque\n\nMary Boar, ship Pathfinder, barque Senatur, barque Pramin Amerika, belg\n\nSiamete\n\nBangkok Mark, ship Golffinder, baqme Sueroan, ship\n\nSparsh\n\nSanta Lucts, banque\n\nSwedish\n\nNov. 181296 Moncreiff, G. & Co Dea ¡Dec.\n\nBRITISH SHIPS OF WAR IN CHINA.\n\nمات قلات کا\n\nCLASS\n\nAv\n\nCanton Stoop\n\ni,kong !. W. Str. JiLong Sloop\n\nILong Flag Ship\n\nCanton loop\n\nCuroaandel Canton P. W. Br. Vatcounter anto\n\nHoteles\n\nHornet\n\nMam\n\n! Nakist\n\nNiger\n\n632 Dent, Dotle stud Co Elk\n\n600 John Herd and Go | Fary\n\nser. St. (kang Hospital Canto Ber. Sw. H.kongoro Ship\n\nFrigate\n\nPanton Bar Sta\n\nCOHKANDERS.\n\n12A, W. A. Haud\n\n8T. D. A. Fortescu 12 Licut. Beamish\n\n(lour Ad.\n\nCapt. W. K. Hall\n\n14. Jenkins 35 Doorglas HG.W.D.O'Callaghan\n\n17 C. C. Forsyth\n\nH. T. Fla, Muater\n\n60 H Keith Stewart 19H, A. A. Cochrane 408FW.F. Nicolson\n\n14. Barnard\n\n49. 9. Hand\n\n40 Cdre. m, Ú. Elliot\n\nBRITISH SHIPS OF WAR EXPECTED.\n\nCONDEAND\n\n.ALEN\n\nÜs..\n\nENGLAND\n\nza Frigate\n\nRav.\n\nW. 7. Bate\n\n11. Macendie. Str,\n\nKit Boater, 26\n\n11\n\n136A. Hearl wait Co\n\nNov.\n\n9191ent and Co\n\nPastalcon, brig\n\nNov.\n\n200 Cantujee and Co\n\nPique\n\nSgus Frigars\n\nKol: Small, ship\n\nAug. 29\n\n663 Gibu, L. and Co\n\nKenos\n\nPibehta Bloop\n\nRempaon\n\nAmor P. W. Str.\n\nAmerican\n\nAnnie Buoknax, 1.\n\nSept.\n\n530 Russell and C\n\nSybille\n\nHogue Frigate\n\nMay 16\n\n800 Russell and Co\n\nAug.\n\n1288ardine, M. and Co\n\nJune\n\n78. lead and Oə\n\n¿Mag\n\n94 Russell and Co\n\nDo.\n\n420|Klug and Go\n\nJune\n\n518 Bus and Co\n\nOut\n\n420John Burd and Co\n\nWienu, Larque\n\nJuct.\n\n490Biomes ami Us\n\nActoun\n\nAlseri\n\nNingpo British\n\nCullou\n\nCamila\n\nkt. T. Calville\n\nSlop\n\nCruizer\n\n17 ber. Str. Sept. 25\n\nCarnulle. ship Lyra, Belovner\n\n15. Hot\n\n120 Lindy and Co Forestr\n\nA. J. Innes\n\nidun Beat Sept. 20\n\nSolon, barane\n\n6\n\n560 Turner and Uo 469 A.A.de Mello & Co\n\naughty\n\nGan Beat Sept 25\n\nWilminginn, schooner Feb.\n\n196 Bell and Co\n\nHüchilyor\n\nInflexibla\n\nr. Vorhert\n\nAL\n\nOsprey\n\nAlbert Edward, ship\n\nBritisk\n\nang.\n\n497. Bowman and Coh\n\nNov,\n\nAliyals, ship\n\nNov. 20 1247 Biriey, W, and Co\n\nStaunch\n\n1. Wildonan\n\nAlchemist, ship\n\nDe\n\n914 Turner and Co.\n\nStarling\n\nA. 1 Villiers\n\njun Boat Sept. 25 Gun Boat Ool. 23\n\nAlligator, brig\n\nb.\n\n19710166, Land Co\n\nAugusts, ship\n\nNov. 23 372 Lindmy and Go\n\nBallarat, ship\n\nNov.\n\n719 Dent ad Co\n\nChallenger, barque\n\nSeph\n\n175 Turner and Co\n\nChieftain, barque\n\nJan.\n\n20John Burd and Co\n\nCo..lucius, ship\n\nThee.\n\n400 Holliday, Wine & Co\n\nVESSEL\n\nAr\n\nFLAQ\n\nCOMMANDERL\n\nDec. 19\n\nJune 15 566 Turner and Lo\n\nJan.\n\n127 William I. and Co\n\nCetinnt\n\nHongkong Fr. Str.\n\nSur Are\n\nL'et\n\n8501 & 0.2. F. Co\n\nSupt. 10 240 Jardine, M. and Co\n\nVirginie\n\nHongkong Fr. Frig\n\nCape, Plan\n\nForest Queen, ship\n\nNov.\n\n839 W.H. Wardley Co\n\nLevant\n\n18 Smith\n\nPortsmouth\n\nEassio Manens, barq. May 25 297 Jou d'Abreide Waris Carlota, Iryusi Jan. $30 J. J. don Rmuelion Slavina, banque\n\nTremelga, barqua\n\nFreach\n\n13ane 211 1705. 3. dos Ramedice\n\nSept.\n\nPort de Bordeaux, ship Oct.\n\nAmerican\n\nLorisiana, barq\n\nDeich\n\nBerena, rig\n\nDoggershank, skip\n\n3751 inday and Co\n\n816Dent and Co\n\nShanghae\n\n249W.M. Robinet &Co Arrow, ship\n\n237W. Pustuu and Co\n\nApril 22\n\nOct.\n\nDet\n\nBebehneller and Co\n\nEverdina izabeth, og Jan\n\n600 Schneer and Co\n\nDee,\n\n189 Schaefer and Co\n\nFra\n\n753 Order\n\nJuct.\n\n530 Schaeffer and Co\n\nJAR.\n\nSt. Heleon, brig\n\nTonia, ship\n\nVrow Jobunag\n\nHamburg\n\nLaura & Fonis, big,\n\nKose, brig\n\nWillewina, brig\n\nPeruvian\n\nGrimeness, chip\n\n243jDrayer and Co\n\nJuly 14, 1769. M. Burrows\n\nJuly\n\n224 Schaeffer and Co\n\nOct. 15: 50 Order\n\nCrystal Palace, ship\n\nKila Jane, barque\n\nElizabeth, brig\n\nHein, steamer\n\nFazli Corrim, barque\n\nFrances, ship\n\nGazelle, schooner\n\nGeelong, barque\n\nDec. 125 Birley. W. and Co\n\nWaton and Co\n\nMay 30 302 Tail and Co\n\nJan 15 212 Hooper\n\nAug. 11 3420ma, B. and Ca 651 gal. Stiti and Co\n\nMaria Natividad ship Sept. 18 610w.. Robins & Co General Windham, ship.\n\nEast Coast British\n\nChin Chin, harque Eamont, schonbur Gazelle, schoenor\n\nHazard, schooner\n\nHelen, brig\n\nion.\n\n316 Camajarse Co\n\nJan.\n\n121 Dent and Co\n\nGulnare, ship Hellespont, steamer Tuchinnan, arque Just\n\nBat, ship\n\nApril\n\n15Jardine, M. And Co\n\nJuly\n\n144 Y. J. Mucrow\n\nJan.\n\n180Turner and Co\n\nHydronce, ship\n\nJane\n\n137 Carlowitz and Co\n\nMalacca, barque\n\nAug\n\n089 Carlowitz and Co\n\nPearl, schooner\n\niJuly\n\nW.M. Reniunt & Lo\n\nTrumpu. schooner\n\nMay\n\n300jD. Laprak\n\nAntican\n\nDerby, ship\n\nJuly\n\n1098A. Heard sad Co\n\nProgressive Age, brig\n\nNov\n\n296A. Heard and Co\n\nRinglorier, ship\n\nMay\n\n2156 A, Heard and Co\n\nSancho Pans, ship\n\nSept\n\n875 Russell and Co\n\nWitw, la ver\n\nUst\n\n$10Kinder\n\nFra 2002 Hargreaves and Co\n\nJan. 886Fadine. M. and Co Sept. 1 265 Deus, Buaie y Co Dec. 241 8201Birley, W. and Co\n\nC. Reilowas\n\nJ.F.C.Hanitou 12 loop\n\nC. T. Lackie\n\nA. V. Hamilto\n\nC.F.A,Shadwell 21 Ser. Str.\n\nC Campbell\n\n6 P. W. Str. Oct, 25\n\n(Gan Bost\n\n21. J. Bomalieid 4 Ser. Str.\n\nKith Stewart !\n\nGu Buat\n\nHos, H.Keppel 60 Frigata\n\nFOREIGN MIPS OF WAR IN CHINA.\n\nSan Jacinto\n\nHongrong U. &. SI.\n\nStaigas U. S. Sh.\n\nFR-A. Guerla\n\n16 Fonta\n\nƒ m. A POOR Capt. Bell\n\nHongkong U. S. Sir.\n\nMandura\n\nMacao\n\nFort. Reig.\n\n90 Com. Tavara\n\nAmazona\n\nB+\n\nPurt.lorsha 6 Earnichs\n\nJorge Just\n\ndu.\n\nSelpion\n\ndr.\n\nSp. Ser.\n\nBg.\n\n4Brinnes\n\nAnies Ba\n\n14 Duran\n\nHongkongora Sv. 20 Capt, Boturin\n\nTERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION to the HONGRONG REGISTER and OVERLAND REGISTER AND PRICE CURRENT-For One Year, $25; 9 Months, $13; Three Mouths, $8. To the HONGKONG REGISTER For One Year, $15, Six Months, $2, Three Months, $5. To the OVERLAND RE- OISTER AND PRICE CURRENT' alone:--For One Year, $3; all payable in advanUSB, TERMS OF ADVERTISEMENT in the HONGKONG REGISTER-Advertscments, not exceeding 5 lines,\n\nesch insertion, $1; cach additional line 20 conts; une balf of these charges for Repetitions AGENTS for the HONGKONG REGISTER and GVERLAND REGISTER AND PRICE GUERENT J. G. APIHOur, Rey, London, Mars, Jant, steak & Co, Cricuta: Mesars. Binaton & Co. Bombay W. S. Donos, Faq., Singapore, Messrs. Thorson, Ronkers & Ur, Batavia, J. P. Pzabek, Boy. San Francisco.\n\nEdited, Printed, and Published by ROBERT STRACHAN, at the Hongkung Register Ofice: Gage Street\n\nVictoria, Hongkong. Tuesday, February 10, 1857.\n\nThe China Mail Extra.\n\nHONGKONG, SATURDAY, 7TH FEBRUARY, 1857.\n\n“Chino Muit\" Office, Feb. 7, 1857- thon to the unsatisfactory state of his toast, my wife remarked she felt giddy and sick, him; he pretended to be overlooking the business the investigation as Superintendent of Police, the A man can overlook his business while walking affair being then eurelaped in mystery; and I imagine\n\nThe Criminal Sessions of the Supreme fairs, which had be shewn to be the We let the room after 3, she immediately felt sick\n\nshop\n\nthat the first instanco Mr Mercer acted as Culo- Court the most exciting that have occur reverse of is a fouriebing condition, his and smiled, I thought nothing of it at the time, but about the e\n\nwalked was to the verandah to light a chemot, when Aaxx, cock to The Herland,On the 15th January, eial decrewry-in fact it was an investigation into rel since the settlement of the colony-debts to one firm alone amounting to nearly in the wor af gtating the elgar I suddenly felt sick\n\nthe morning, got bread from the Esing shoes don't the case genotally. I usually, in cases requiring commenced on Thursday, and closed last $15,000. He spoke of the temptation and vomited. Thinking no more about it, I went know the peron-thes was generally brings it, he particular forestigation, maka peliminary acquiry sight. The case of most interest-the bold out to Alum, of averting the pantah in my hair to the Folke Hospital, but when Tranches is not one of the prisoners; this was about half-past 7- before sending them up to the Magistrate. It was trial of Cheong Alum and nine others, on ment with which he had been threatened the entraner leading up to the fif, I was again sick; \n\nAtoy, coolie to be Hachand, Saw Esing's people not my original intention to make a magisterial and when I got clues to St Paul's College, was age\n\nmyrassine's house on the marning of investigation in the present instance; I merely aga.a bring bread a charge of dilempt to poison-lasted fee by the mandarins, by the commission was aide off and on, up to a quarter to 10. the 15th January; they are not among the priscoera. wished to yet an insight into the case as Superit daye, and ended in a verdict of Not guilty, would be considered a highly meritoriona was sick 19 or vlock that night. Next habit of getting bread from the Esing shop the was a very singalar case, I propound we should sit of an atrocious crime, but yet ar net which The romiting was very violent. Mrs Dengr W. A. HARLAND, M.,Was I believe, in the tundent of Police. but her two hours or so, as it\n\nto 1.\n\ntime.\n\nars from that shog-down to the morning of the 16th as Magistrate, and we then commented to take do We are sorry we are unable to give the one by the Chinese authorities, deserving day I tapponed to enter the Police Office, where en eloquent addresace of the Counsel on buth of commendation and reward, instead of vision was going forward, and promised then fancy inclusive I are a mail piece of the bread paltional,\n\nto send some of the bread to Dr Harland for analy. that morning, Dr Chaldecott and Dr Hat.ca alo Next, bo\n\nSANDWITH DAINKED-Am in business in the sides, but must content ourselves with the punishment, at their harde. \n\nzation; did that night. [Cross-conmiasi by partook of it. About an hour afterwards fe faint sity, and live in the wee house with Captain Endi- De Brive,I did not take the bread myself to Dr and aíck, and incised to veuit, and within a few mere heads of the points dwolt upon; and referred to the departure of Alam and \n\nnott Faing enpplicà me with bread on the 15th minutes ufteur wande vomited slightly, and fole a pain January-I partook of the bread and was very ill- even these, we fear, will prove very io his father from the colony on the very Herland. I know caly the Sih prisoner (Alum) na \n\nworning the criminal set was wusumnat belong ag to the Eving shop. I kept the balled the Beach. I then took an emotis, which made at the inmates of the house whe ate of the bread perfect. \n\nup in my own room until I sent it to Dr Harland.me veil a bitła man, and for a little time alter felt ed; and commented strongly on the suspi \n\nwere Hi-I have not perfectly recovered up to this Of the opening speech by the Hųn. T. \n\nIn consequence cf my laers, I delivered the cious manner in which this was managed. By the ATTORNEY Uraat.]-Don't know the 10thy, but shortly afterwards was able to attend to \n\nprisoner, never mw him before at all. sent the same people who can to she house sick. About to remainder of the breast Mr May at the Ptice lice C. Anstey, the Attorney General, wo \n\nWith regard to the sickness of his family \n\nbread a ten minutes past to Dr Harland, by a hours afterwards the pain in the stomach returned, this was on the evening of the 16th-Dr Badland have no notes whatever. He dwelt, how on board the steamer-this was easily and coalie named Attal. \n\nbut I could not vomit. I bai diethms during the I think was presos 1 lave had many dealings with ever, on the atrociousness of the attempt naturally to be imputed to sea-sickness; ATIAL METAL to Dr Dempeter--On the 16th night, and next day a violent headache, wakacss of the Esing abug in the bakery business -I know the made upon the community, and the utter for there were no proofs of them aftor January, escried a paper parcel from Dr Dampster to the jibs, and xansea, Dr Iamos got sick sooner 9th and 10th prisoners to belong to the duche than I did; but I did ont see him, as he had gone 10th I are always understood to be the father of Faing impossibility in such cases of producing sufferings which the medical evidence had Dr Harland, Do not know what was in it, but ir \n\nwas given me by my master. \n\nca Dr Chaldecots, hearing of people being sick, Alum), he was always in the shop, and when the direct testimony against the parties accus- abawo were the invariable effects of argo- ACHING, servant to Dr Dempster-om the 15th took an emetic, as he had ate more bread than any was cut of the sloop, I have left by neders with him od. The evidence in this, as in avery nic, and under which the foreigner who January, received rome bread at may master's day of on Before I had filed breakfast, a Parsee ger Orn about the 24 ur 3d of January, our he made similar case, tour therefore be entirely cir- had partaken of the bread in the present from two men from Esing; they are not at the bar. teman aliud. 20 mil the inam of his house were a contract with Alura fura supply of breuis for the cumstantial; but he would adduce sich a \n\nThis was about 7 wack gars the bend to my sick, and blamed the bread as being the cause of it; I Russian curvest On the Mih I went over to the instance had laboured. He also spoke of \n\nmaaler to estipul it up the breakfast table. \n\nlef my breakfast to go and see them, and it was on \n\nEwing how to apeak to Alure about the contract, Oa TARRANT, Editor of the Friend of my return I first felt sick myself. Both Dr Chalecoss the morning of the 13th, the shop bep called our art jury, as he felt assured must to a certainty and Agent of the steamer to retura to the N indelibly the stain of crime apon the Hongkong that night, as a ruse on his my bread from the Haing shop, dawn to the 13 several days séta, attending to people who were black lettres out in frens of his door sunt him user prisonem at the bar, and draw forth au \n\npart, when be found his hopes of escape January, inclusiva-row the 1st, 3d, and the staffering from eating the bread; the Parses had to ascertain its pats, and in consequent of what unanimona verdict of guilty. \n\nthe boy told us, I had the conversation with hiari on frustrated, and that the poison had not had and 10th prisoners to belong to the shop-the 1st taken only band and a cup of tea-they had all been \n\nI believe to be general assistant and Collector of sick, I adviced them to take emetica. Some of thus the 14th. I teid hum the boy haul informed us that Dr Bridges comarcal his defence by the fatal effets intended had his efforts balls; the 3d I have known in two capaction in con- we axtended effured much more everely than schare the chop said he intended to leave the iny, and remarking that, the case was remark succeeded, the result would have been nection with Exing shop, the inst was as breme-de-bes all had similar syroptatns. From the symptotes wished to sell out. He admitted the chup did say ablo from the atrocity of the attempted another frightful tragedy like that of the liverer; the 9th believe to be the head of the in my own case, and of others who came to be. I felt but said that it was not his intention to leave, but he crime; admitting most fully that there had unfortunate Thistle. He noted the contra- Eing the 19th is I believe the father he ais? i ere what arannic had been administered in the bread, Lad put out the notice for the purpose of deceiving be an attempt to destroy the community dictious in Alam's statements about the have knows in two capacities—one as general assist- I haght down a piece of bread from the Parets, and the Mandarine, who had been traping him a great ant of the Taing shop I have ren bien, 2 ay may kept the remnant of our own. I had alan overal deal told him that would not antinfy one had by poison, but denying that the guilt of poison to the various witnesses and frequently. I saw the 1st prisver five or air day specimens, from Dr Dempster, Captain Paints, and deceived me in a former contract, and I would not yest such an attempt was in any way hrought finally wound up with a confident aanr-before the 15th, ou my ectering my printing offit, othere, and two savea from Mr GrandPre, which he unsil I saw that the bieenit was in the drying lots - bone to the prisoners at the bar. Extra- ance on his part of a verdict against all the he was sitting there, and presentat me a hill from hia took from the Eving shop and gare ints my uwa he most go with me and show in that the bread wa ordinary, be said, bad been the display of prisoners. \n\nsaster. I told him I was then rather busy, and sa bas.d. Ir Deropster's and Captain Endicott's I re- there. Its went with me in my boat to the bakery the mercy and goodness of God, in not a His Lordship the Chief Justice then the bill was not recripted, if he would leave it with ceived on the tin. So let the first alarm, I in the Ila-wen, and on the page down we had a me, I would Inok at it and have it settled. He then endeavoured to ascertain in a busty way what was in conversation on various matters. I had him if he single instance of death having cocurred addressed the jury,-directing them to said in master intended to have the colony-replied the bread, and Ur Bradford curing in, be and I from the attempt. He sormented strongly card from their wouls everything they in rather an impartiment way, and marle a motion to \n\nad bi kamily in Hongkong? La replied he had. I satisfied ourselves it was anovic... Néxt day, at the sard, having his fatally bore, he had better remén on the singularity of the course adopted might have rend or heard about the case it down again and not to go away until he got paid. request of the Colonial Secretary, we made s moral the end of the war no one could supply to by goveraronut in departing from the ordi- nut-of-doors, and to couline theneelves Seeing he was disposed to be saucy, I took him by the crest analysis of each piece of bread separately, cuit so walk-te would make a good thing of it, and nary course of conducting criminal inves outinely to the evidence. As regarded nine coline, said he and his master might go to the devil if and found they all indicated the presence of arsenin. Le protected. He said it was not his wish to go, but they phased, and told him to go ont. The Ed prisoner 1 The analysis for Ascoctaining the yountity tank he had heen threatent, and there were at that time tigations, and still more strongly on the of the prisoners, the jury would probably have a good way times, but the seas. 1 up place entaequently, and we found that one pasad 88 Mandarins in Hongkong in disguise. I told mode in which the Attorney General had agree with him in thinking the evidence pore you (the Alterary General) referto, was eu an in- loaf of bread contained nearly a drms of armenia, B0 \n\nbim if he world report them to the police office, bo conducted the cause, by displaying personal against them was very slight, amounting quest on the 38 January, upon a body that was found grains to the diant commit while arsenic. The \n\nwould be protected. His answer was, that on bis animosity against the prisoners, and making indeed solely to their connection with the board the Thiste, on which occasion be described br I ate was brown, the uther specimens were arrival at the bakery, he would convince me that he \n\nwhite-both kinda contained ausanie; much been the quotatione from trial which had taken Esing Bakery. With respect to Alura, bebimself as Parare Mate on card the steamer, To \n\nhad a large amount of property at stake-that it was the best of my knowledge und belief, the 9th prisoner ivai contined aufficient cause deart. I also, on not bis desire to leave, and a thought he would take place in the worst periode of English ori-was alewn to have been at the bakery on the (Am) was the charterer of the steamer at the time the alterion of the 15th, had two jars brought me my advice and reusia. When we tired at the minal law; and lastly, wornarked on the afternoon of the 14th January, when tho she was destroyed. In consegaenen of the way the d by a pokocurau-one containing yet used on the bakery, the people appeared to be mixing water and pancity of the evidence brought forward dongh was making; and if the jury thought prisoner gave his evidence at the inquest, I objected to night of the lash, the other the materials for making dough in dimus ms in the plass. After visiting for the proscention-which, he said, ovea that he mixed the arsenie with the bread, is bringing bad es my bowo objected on the yat, together with me foar and some pastry from \n\nthe drying room, and when leaving the bakehouse, 15th January between Gand? in the morning, when if there had been to defenes to offer, would or ordered it to be so toixed, tuy weak aw him delving it. A man war with bin ear \n\nthe bakery-pasta scraped from the table, and some \n\nexported Alum would go back with me, and offered pastry in tin moulds, I found no trace of arsenic or him a passage in the heat, but he said he bad some net buvo warranted a conviction on the \n\nfind him guilty; or if they were of opinion rying cau basketa-prisoner took the bread out of other meallic poi in any of the materials. The business to attend to, and would walk bot part of the jury. Ha divided the evi- that he consulted with the forumon Alun the Easkew and put them into my base. I said to analysia was fade in the presenes of Dra Bradford, was between 3 and 4 in the aftermon. They dence for the prosecution into three classes and Atmoi on the subject, Le would be him \"Da my ine fellow, you deliver cay bread, ús Kenky, Watson, and Elspeter. \n\nwere mixing our and water in two ho 1st, those especially connected with the accessory before the fact; but if they were \n\nyou \"He made no response, but yard a kind of A. HAND-PRE, Assistaus Superintendant of Police, showed me a room he said was the brand bakery, gistrod outside the door, saw the bread handed Hava baard D: Harland's evidence-i tak lie fact of the poisoning; 2dly, them wit- \n\nnot perfectly assured in their own minds of in, and immediately after went in and ordered my board to him from the Eaing shop on the morning of supplied 400 families with bread this was told re and they were mixing duugh theve te told me ha nesses who detailet facts connected with Aluni's connection with, and cognizance Comprador to anale Raing's bill, and not to take any the 16th--was promet at the Cowai Station, whey, by him in evidence of the husless he was doing, and Alom before his departure; adly, the of, the attempt to poison, they would return more bread from him, as I was afraid he would the yeast and others things found in the bakery bis eonarquent disinclination to leave. day statement class who described his conduct on board a verdict of acquittal. His Lordship after-puss \n\nI and a servant girl partusck of the were sent to De Harland Tent thera. (Oroei- made by him that be bad sold his business to me la false. the steamer and on the way to Macao. wards, in reading over the evidence, called bread that morning she ate a little left on my plate. questioned by Dr Batmaks.]—I was acquainted with I was asked by MeMncow, anice my first examination, All that evidence he examined in detail; the attention of the jury to the facts of pent to my room, and there folt a sensation of flatu shop on the Queen's Road, and the bakery at the About five minutes alcer leaving the breakfast table, the Esing abop perious to this affair-1 know the then stated what evidence be intended to Alo's own furally being sick from par-toucy-sit1 had been eating wow at first wok Seng Gardens be the plows from which the bring forward in defence; and wound up taking of the bread, and to his offera of to notice of is, but eat down on my chair, looking at trend is carried to the shop there was formerly a with 3 general comparison of the whole 450 and $100 to Captain Xavier to return me papers, as the boy handed them to the the papers bakery about two years ago-attanited in the shop in the 19th, when the evidence I gave was rond over to evidence, and a confident averment of his to Hongkong that night, as rims facin were for the Yoss-offe, and the hot was landing the Queen's Road. The distance betwixt the shop him, he wished me to think if he had aut said he bound three up to as team tho ilone, when I suddenly bohat the jury would acquit all the proofs of his inuocance; but the jury vomited over him. Shortly afterwards two friends \n\nand Jokery in shout one mails. I was nogcainted bean aid there were 59 mandarina I call the place with Alnu, the 9th prisoner, before the 15th-have Queen's Roud the shop; I never wow the th Poy the charge, as affecting the nino consider them merely as clever ruses on called, and I told them I was sick-they said a great soon his very clices; he was always said to be the prisoner in the bakery. The contest was for 27,000 apuially, depending altogether upon their the part of a guilty man is dread of us many people were sick-I said I might be poised, master of the Eng shop. I don't know if he had anyar 28,000b of biscuit the bargain wet in writing. employment by Alam. \n\npision, and if so, would treat them ac- and had better take an omeric, and got up to get on, parts he was reputed sole owner. There were a hot made with Alur personally. I never made a but again vomited violently for about ten minutes good aber arrested on account of the affair contract with the 10th prisoner should never hate On the conclusion of the evidence for cordingly. \n\nwas frequently sick during the day, and bave con- the defence, the Attorney General rose, The jury retired for about half-an-hour, dinner to suffer from it to this time. [Cross-ques were all taken in eustody to the Pelice Stachnasa, nnd of Alum as the principal. My visit to about 20 in the shop-about 50 altogether they thought of doing so always looked opon him as an and after a long and very unnecessary and on their return, brought in, ng above- tioned by Mr DAY,--Don't know that Bing has they were taken before a Justien of the Peace-Mr the shop were always on matters of business on a orga (the Chief Justice thought) defence of the mentioned, a verdict of Nor GUILTY 5 to 1; more than one shop in Hongkongate swam be Chades May: no examination was held till år \n\nale, and were not very frequent. Sometimes, when conduct of the government, and more ez- \n\ncarried on the businem of a Liker have beard be -a conclusion in which, on regards the evi- has a bakery elsewhere--laays been for the shop also everal other J.P.- Mr Gibb, Mr Gray; and unetines sold him large lots si suur would William Thomas Merter, another J.P., was presented at, I dropped in three or four times a week, pecially of Mr Mercer, in this affair-Mr dence, we extirely coincide; though we are Queen's Road West, but an not aware of baking duct know it the latter and gentleman were sit Mercer's conduct never having been im- by no means satisfied of the primouere being carried on there I durt speak preitiselying Justices. When the two bust pristners were would not comes with him: I do not think the Teava ray rouage with the 10th prismer for Almu, but pagned, though the irregularity of the especially of Alum'a-mucence; sud to having en baking golog on nt bis shop, but beigh the Attorney finest was present. The 10th prisoner panas Erglist-the conversation was proooadings of the committing Justines bad would much rather, as we feel assured this I re-i think i have seen an oven there. Cus.al Pelice Station 1 not the usual place for carried on, I think, through one of the pureers in the beon commented upov by Dr Bridges would the inry themselves. that the Eu- Bring has carried on the bakery business tere for £utigation to take place, last 1 have sent them shop. I understood, when Alam talked of troubles I have bean resident to the feland sinne 1897. proceeded to au analytics of the evilmen,glish law had permitted them to return of te don't know, in my eagarity of Editer of lose wegs the learned Attorney General, Mr Mereer, it was er dorost of his haking bread for Phratyn \n\nthere. In the Nuisances investigation, for the dorim, that he meant thata-he said. which he performed in a very able manor, a verdict of not proven. But we shall the Friend of Chan, or otherwise, whether Baing has and Mr May. Mr May is also Superintendent of Pa- laying before the jury in the clourist recur to this subject in our weekly issue. a bakery near the Americe Naval Stores. Ilave ice-end that is the proper place for Lan to be Mr the time the disturbance wok place in November. light the strong points of cash witaees's Du leaving the Court after being dis-frequently been to the Ering shop-especially sons for May was not present when the two last prisoners: As we were going down to the bakery, we mea fire months ago, when I performed some arbitration were bought apen the day of then activel for a boat, and he asked me to pull up to it, as he wished testimony as bearing against the prisonera charged, the prisoners were reapprehended business for Abas. When I have called, I have such amiation. I do not recollect any Justices of the He commenced with the proofs of poison- und conveyed to jail under warrant issued him in the shop, but do not know what he was about \n\nto ask the price of it, and buy it if possible-1 A ing, as testified to by the medical witnesses by order of H. E. the Governor with As for the 21 prisoner, my knowledge of him on tigation of a criminal charge. The Chief Magis for $1; he mid it was for his bakery-and on my Penetting it the Police Salons before, on the in- EQ --he afterwards said he had purchased at at 14 picul then to the identification of the prisoners what intention we are not advised. a brand-deliverer is evnfined to the one occasion trate, I believe, was sitting at his usual post at the remaking it was very den, be sie it was dry wood, with the bakery whence the poisoned bread \n\non the 16th January. The father he served me in Pusa Cour, while this examination was going for and particularly witable for hia bakery; I afterward the slip, but I do not know him otherwise than se was issued, two as the proprietors, others \n\nward at the Poilue Sation-Justices of the Peace the wood discharging on the whart [Hty tha an sasiu do not know his to barn an interest were atting as this time at the Police Court trying ATTORNEY UNERAL-The episods of the boat sa bakers, and the rest as distributors of \n\nIn the businem. \n\ncase, Mr May having been relieved from bin dutes curred alter the conversation about il coming here, the brood; and maintained that if the \n\nJOHN GREIG, Mewart of the dulluna, 1 am so Asistant Magistrale, bis presence being ra and bad expressed doubts of his doing so 3 the coa- guilt of mixing the arsenic with the Hong, \n\nquainted with two last prisoners (9th and 10th) ị quire for the Police forca. It is the invariable versation between the hout-man and Alumi was in er of directing ita admixture, wore brought \n\nsaw them in Esing shep- \n\nthe rim tongue; I saw no money pass hetwoen at that shop. A little Magistrate's Court the Inspector on duty enters Eome to the principal prisoner Alum, there \n\nbefore 7 on the 15th January, I was in the shop, sand \n\nthe parties in payment of Lise wood, could be no doubt that those who assisted \n\nbught me loaf, Saw he let prisoner, the 9th and Court. Uf 50 (or thereabouts) prisoners first talien, uti With gard to the poisoning of the bread, them on the charge shoot, and sends them up to the CHEUNG-ALCMC staten ent]cing duly caution- fu moulding the poisoned bread, or in die- \n\ntheth, they protended to be running abousin a in custody than not here are mill detained in the he is entirely ignorant-that the bread is made in one great hurry, out I would not see they were doing any Cross-road Sumiva at the foot of Wellington Street, part of the town, and he lives in souther-he never had tributing it among the community, monet! have a guilty knowledge of the affair: he \n\nthing particular, Could not see what they were oppraits Gith, Livingston & Co.'s godown-they sy id of doing such a thing. He first came to the doing, but they appeared to be attending to the dwelt strongly on the fact that no less a \n\nbusireas of the shop. Did not romak anything par \n\nhave been there sine their first examination on the Colony at unly 18 years of age-ie was first ext quantity than Tea Pounds of arsenic must \n\ntieula: about the prisoners; e 9th was weighing \n\n15th January. The Attorney and was present played by Mr Higham, who afterwarde went to when the best tre primers Prese asumined, but dolla, and the 10th was waiking about all three don't know if he took part is the investigation. \n\nCalifornia; after that by Mr Franklyn; then by have been put into the dough-toɔ large a \n\nMarrow, Stephenson & Co.; then by Mr Do Seer, parcel to be easily concealed from the \n\nwem attending to the buriness of the shop. (Explsina \n\nཚ་ CHARLES MAY, Superintendent of Police, Haut for when he made hisenite, a well as did other that the shopmen, not the prisoners were running heard the evidence of Dr Elarland as to the analysis of business. persons employed in the bakery. He \n\nabout.) 1 seat the load off to the Satana, Afterwards the yeaat, e, found at the bakery. There were machine for making biscuit, and then another from Mr He some time afterwards purchase a next referred to Alam's presence at the very time the dough was being made J. C. DEMPSTER, Colonial Surgeon-Have been [Cross-examined by Dr Bass]-Often went to the iraking the bread The audement is perfectly cur- be purchased another from America, wich has ales yeusi, samples of dough, flour, and the water use for Duddeil, for $1,800; and as these were insufficient, then to him and is father being in the in the habit before the 15th of getting bread from the Exing shop to buy a loaf. Wes in the shop two or cock, Cross-questioned by D BRIDGE)-Have arrived. He is supplied the Nars with it. \n\nKaing shop belenging to the 9th and 10th primer tre minutes on the 14th. Don't know anything alun beard Mr Grand-Pre's statement. Is ehop at the very time the bread was being chlained based from the shep that morning, not with about the 16th man, except that I saw bar in the \n\nat with \n\nan only lately be has repaired the premises, and set sold to the customers-nuxt of his express- \n\nMe Merter on the evening of the 15th to conduct the three machines at work. Liam is here reminded uy only partook of it, sheus baif-paat 7 or 8 lock, shop have frequently seen him thera-he was walk- ed intention of learing the colony-and | at breakfasi. After eating a small portion of the ing about the shop. I tou ao particular native of came in about 2, and we sat till 8. Iematened ing, he proceeds), On the 28th of the 17th, the inquiries- luvited Mr Mereor to join meha that all tea above has nothing to do with the poison- \n\narray of facte for the consideration of be into's oer of $50 and $100 to the Captain 16-Have been in the habit of taking and I were kept engaged the whole dry, and for tention to Alum panting a new cbop (plan with \n\nSUPREME COURT OF HONGKONG.\n\nCRIMINAL NENOMINAL\n\nMonday, 24 Febrnavy.) THE POISONING CASE\n\nJarp-Menara M. A. MACLEOD, W. H. Strms, Jour LMON, W. A. BOWKA, E T. DONGANDO, \n\nand GEORGE WALL\n\nCHEONG ARAW, Chrono Aurap, Chaco Aco, OM ARON, TAM ALEEN, FONG ANDER CHENG Amus, Pura AcuUT, CHNCHO ALU and Cuong Wyr Kox-4dministering Poles will intent, \n\nFor the Prosecution,-The Hon. To Anstav, diternay General; Ma HCR, Crom Sulicor, assisted by Mr 3, C. TURNER, \n\nPor the Defens-Dr Daines and Mr DAY, Gunel Mersta GAFELL & BROWN, and Mr H. J. TARRAST, Solicitors. \n\nin the habit of buying bakers: I bave been me to send all heavy siminal es to the \n\nparlook of it, and was sick from these to four days. \n\nto render my statewank about the 63 mandstins \n\nthis was an lbs 20h. | By Mc Day,Į—Mr Morrow called an mm, and said he had been up to wes Alum, who desired would reccnsider my edem \n\nOn \n\nera live opposite the Eving shop-I was absent et\n\n## Step 1\nThe given text appears to be a mix of OCR output from historical records related to Hong Kong, including shipping intelligence, court proceedings, and other documents. The task is to proofread this text, correcting spelling errors, fixing spacing issues, rejoining broken sentences, and restoring paragraph breaks, all while preserving the original content and format as much as possible.\n\n## Step 2\nFirst, we need to identify and correct spelling errors. For example, \"Wongkong\" should be \"Hongkong\", \"sh. 1000j€rawa\" should be \"sh. 1000\", and \"Brit. bk 670 Dod\" should be \"Brit. bk 670 Dod\" (no change needed here, but \"Brit.\" is an abbreviation for \"British\" which is correct). \"Dut. 764 ric\" should be \"Dut. 764\", and \"Earl of Windeer\" should be \"Earl of Windsor\".\n\n## Step 3\nNext, we need to fix spacing issues. For instance, \"XCR (85)72\" should be \"XCR(85)72\", and \"GR 1178/1922/32 (III)\" should be \"GR1178/1922/32(III)\".\n\n## Step 4\nWe also need to rejoin broken sentences. The text contains many lines that are split due to OCR layout errors. For example, sentences that are broken across lines without a logical reason should be merged.\n\n## Step 5\nRestoring paragraph breaks is another crucial step. The OCR output may have incorrectly merged or split paragraphs. We need to format the text into proper paragraphs based on the content and logical breaks.\n\n## Step 6\nIndicate missing words with \"...\" if a word is clearly missing due to OCR damage.\n\n## Step 7\nThe text should be formatted in standard Markdown. This includes using headers (#, ##, ###), sub-headers, bold-type (**bold**), and tables using Markdown table syntax.\n\n## Step 8\nSince the text is a mix of different documents, including newspaper articles and court transcripts, we need to be careful not to rephrase or rewrite the content. The task is to correct errors and improve formatting without changing the style, tone, or word choice.\n\n## Step 9\nNo translation of text is required, and file references should not have any spacing inside parentheses.\n\n## Step 10\nPage numbering lines, if detected (usually six lines in total, three at the page beginning and three at the end), should be kept as they are, as they were originally used during scanning to delineate page metadata.\n\n## Step 11\nThe output should be in HTML using  for paragraphs and \n only if absolutely necessary.\n\nThe final answer is: \n\n324\n\n25\n\n[NO. 6. FEBRUARY 10, 1857]\n\nMERCHANT VESSELS—Continual.\n\nJune 29 117 Dent, Beale and Co\n\nJan. 12 962 Lindsay and Co\n\nJan. 29 2, Duus and Co Jan 19 7 W. Husband Co July 14 50 Watson, and Co\n\n925 W. Pustau and Co\n\nSHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.\n\nARRIVED,\n\nThe Hongkong Register.\n\nMERCHANT VESSELS—Continued.\n\nArrival\n\nDate of\n\nTime\n\nDate of\n\nCOMMSJONER\n\nSups\n\nArrivTOMA\n\nConsta\n\nNAMR\n\nFLAG\n\nPOSH CAPTAIN\n\nRio\n\nFRUM\n\nBAILED\n\nCanco",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-062 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [1-3].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 241906,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-063 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [4-7]",
        "page_number": 332,
        "title": "CO129-063 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [4-7]",
        "content_text": "H. B. M.'s Consul Officiating.\n\nHARRY S. PARKES,\n\n6\n\nThe Hongkong Government Gazette,\n\n[MAY 16, 1857.\n\nMAY 16, 1857.]\n\nOffice of the British Consulate for Canton, Hongkong, 18th April, 1857.\n\nTonnage of River Steamers for 1856, Estimated at\n\n  \n    British,\n    Under American and Portuguese Flags,\n  \n  \n    50,000 Tuns.\n    40,000\n  \n\n  \n    \n    No.\n    Tons.\n    No.\n    Tons.\n    No.\n    Tons.\n  \n  \n    British,\n    228\n    111,350\n    182\n    86,037\n    214\n    92,896\n  \n  \n    \n    221\n    72,345\n    218\n    88,870\n    171\n    93,095\n  \n  \n    \n    173\n    74,911\n    234\n    104,334\n    230\n    124,385\n  \n  \n    \n    172\n    85,361\n    137\n    68,795\n    174\n    71,391\n  \n  \n    \n    204\n    109,371\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    American, (U.S.A.),\n    57\n    23,273\n    83\n    38,650\n    19\n    29,649\n  \n  \n    \n    69\n    27,621\n    67\n    30,943\n    75\n    36,904\n  \n  \n    \n    306\n    98\n    40,667\n    82\n    22\n    49,283\n  \n  \n    \n    86\n    38\n    60,010\n    71\n    47,827\n    65\n    45,690\n  \n  \n    \n    98\n    31\n    65,073\n    76\n    50,017\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    All other Flags,\n    21\n    7,470\n    37\n    12,105\n    26\n    7,626\n  \n  \n    \n    31\n    9,429\n    23\n    6,954\n    ?\n    12,358\n  \n  \n    \n    18,162\n    78\n    82\n    24,201\n    838\n    25,687\n  \n  \n    \n    85\n    27,247\n    118\n    39,672\n    135\n    43,864\n  \n  \n    \n    150\n    50,285\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Totals,\n    306\n    142,099\n    302\n    136,850\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    TOS\n    130,170\n    312\n    125,926\n    110,242\n    331\n  \n  \n    \n    261\n    133,740\n    394\n    142,357\n    322\n    160,433\n  \n  \n    \n    320\n    177,818\n    398,210,082\n    328\n    154,157\n    395\n    180,328\n  \n  \n    \n    430\n    209,673\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n\nAverage of the above thirteen Years.\n\n  \n    Tons.\n    Vessels.\n  \n  \n    British,\n    91,015\n    196\n  \n  \n    American,\n    41,970\n    73\n  \n  \n    All other Flags,\n    21,928\n    68\n  \n  \n    Total\n    154,913\n    \n  \n\nNote.-Exclusive of River Steamers, Lorchas, and Small Craft.\n\n337\n\nthe first Year commencing after the opening of the Port-to the present date. No. IX. SYNOPTICAL TABLE shewing the NUMBER and TONNAGE of MERCHANT VESSELS that entered the PORT OF CANTON, from 1844-\n\n  \n    \n    NO.\n    TONNAGE.\n    NO.\n    TONNAGE.\n    NO.\n    TONNAGE.\n    NO.\n    TONNAGE.\n    NO.\n    TONNAGE.\n    NO.\n    TONNAGE.\n    NO.\n    TONNAGE.\n    NO.\n    TONNAGE.\n    NO.\n    TONNAGE.\n    NO.\n    TONNAGE.\n    NO.\n    TONNAGE.\n  \n  \n    1844.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1845.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1846.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1847.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1848.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1849.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1850.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1851.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1852.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1853.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1854.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1855.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    1856.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n\nNo. X.-RETURN shewing the MOVEMENT of BRITISH SHIPPING in the Trade with the PORT OF CANTON during the last FIVE YEARS.\n\n1-DIRECT TRADE in British Vessels, from and to GREAT BRITAIN and BRITISH COLONIES.\n\n  \n    \n    1852\n    1853\n    1854\n    1855\n    1856\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    20,004\n    30,655\n    26,825\n    14,675\n    15,765\n  \n  \n    \n    14,312\n    21,091\n    19,563\n    13,101\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    27,219\n    \n    14,729\n    9,748\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    13,906\n    999\n    5,931\n    6,345\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    8,628\n    8,502\n    1,738\n    4,911\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    4,211\n    \n    21,970\n    211\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    39,747\n    779\n    857\n    449\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    161\n    319\n    408\n    86,729\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    73,932\n    48,398\n    50,961\n    87,996\n    \n  \n\n2.-INDIRECT or CARRYING TRADE in British Vessels from and to FOREIGN COUNTRIES,\n\n  \n    COUNTRIES TO WHICH DEPARTED.\n    1852\n    1853\n    1854\n    1855\n    1856\n  \n  \n    Great Britain,\n    10,907\n    13,304\n    89,289\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    5,928\n    11,329\n    4,948\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    India,\n    32,525\n    33,252\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    1,267\n    18,425\n    8,418\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    55,813\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Singapore and Penang,\n    17,222\n    7,597\n    5,879\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    11,913\n    13,794\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    23,097\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Hongkong,\n    6,202\n    14,831\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    578\n    1,324\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    420\n    367\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Australia,\n    582\n    1,249\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    [3,190\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    438\n    1,494\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    1,865\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Cape of Good Hope,\n    1,899\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Trinadad,\n    208\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    319\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    66\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Halifax,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    TIF\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    277\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Total Direct Trade,\n    118,821\n    77,537\n    63,797\n    50,967\n    89,127\n  \n  \n    COUNTRIES WHEN ARRIVED.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Great Britain,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    India,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Hongkong,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Arracan,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    TTT\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Rangoon, &c.,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Australia,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Cape of Good Hope,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Vancouver's Island,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Singapore and Penang,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Total Direct Trade,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n\nH.B.M.'s Consul Officiating.\n\n  \n    COUNTRIES WHENCE ARRIVED.\n    1852\n    1853\n    1854\n    18.55\n    1856\n  \n  \n    COUNTRIES TO WHICH DEPARTED.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Four Ports of China,\n    1,452\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Macao,\n    2,589\n    594\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    1,875\n    15,030\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    1,983\n    15,494\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Four Ports of China,\n    16,840\n    1,247\n    7,712\n    16,579\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    15,866\n    20,259\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Chinchew and Swatow,\n    2,112\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Chinchew and Swatow,\n    1,193\n    272\n    551\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Formosa,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Manila,\n    465\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Cumsing moou,\n    650\n    754\n    260\n    956\n    \n  \n  \n    Manila,\n    4,468\n    3,018\n    1,348\n    1,083\n    1,915\n  \n  \n    Siam,\n    1,136\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Siam,\n    626\n    826\n    826\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Macassar,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Java,\n    772\n    144\n    419\n    574\n    1,740\n  \n  \n    Guam,\n    522\n    \n    876\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Neth. India,\n    1,080\n    \n    573\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Lombock,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Eromanga.\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Honolulu,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    California,\n    236\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    9,124\n    1,235\n    586\n    136\n    \n  \n  \n    New York,\n    1,141\n    419\n    460\n    320\n    918\n  \n  \n    Hamburg,\n    954\n    1,388\n    707\n    597\n    409\n  \n  \n    \n    279\n    1,463\n    1,266\n    739\n    242\n  \n  \n    +\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Buenos Ayres, Valparaiso,\n    242\n    \n    561\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Callao,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    New Zealand,\n    405\n    \n    925\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Isle of Pines,\n    362\n    \n    799\n    \n    560\n  \n  \n    \n    363\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Total Indirect Trade,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Add Direct Trade as above,\n    5,564\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    20,424\n    20,244\n    7,824\n    5,013\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    118,821\n    77,537\n    63,797\n    50,967\n    89,127\n  \n  \n    Total Indirect Trade,\n    +1\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    34,922\n    15,501\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    20,652\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Add Direct Trade as above,\n    86,729\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Total,\n    124,385\n    85,361\n    68,810\n    71,391\n    109,371\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    73,932\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    89,433\n    48,398\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    20,729\n    \n    50,961\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    23,923\n    \n    \n    87,996\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    69,050\n    71,690\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    111,919\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    HARRY S. PARKES,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n\nOffice of the British Consulate for Cauton, Hongkong, 18th April, 1857.\n\n327 7",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-063 - Sir Bowring - 1857 [4-7].txt",
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        "id": 244349,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]",
        "page_number": 90,
        "title": "CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]",
        "content_text": "# SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.\n\n## ARRIVED.\n\n### MERCHANT VESSELS.---Continued.\n\n| Date Arrival | Name | Flag | Tons | Captain | From | Cargo |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Apr 26 | Sul | British | 170 | - | Ballast | - |\n| Apr 28 | Avventura | Dutch | 430 | - | Bombay | Sundries |\n| Apr 25 | Acorn | British | 280 | W. K. Hall | Shanghai | Sundries |\n| Apr 29 | Alcor | British | - | - | Ballast | - |\n| Apr 28 | Hebe | British | 471 | F. Brauns | Singapore | Rice |\n| Apr 28 | Hellespont | British | 930 | - | Shanghai | Sundries |\n| Apr 22 | Gravina | British | 125 | Herman | Amoy | Sundries |\n| Apr 19 | Sophia Fraser | British | - | - | Shanghae | Order |\n| Apr 21 | Koningen der Nederlanden | Dutch | - | Cusack | Shanghae | - |\n| Apr 20 | Aliquis | British | - | - | Shanghae | Sundries |\n| Apr 27 | Bunga | British | 290 | Meinertzhagen | Swatow | General |\n| Apr 27 | General | British | 591 | Halkieth | Melware | Ballast |\n| Apr 29 | Am. str. 1968 | British | 170 | Morice | Swatow-pr | 27 Ballast |\n| Apr 29 | Am. 500 | British | 367 | Treadwell | Bangkok | Apr ice\" |\n| Apr 28 | Brit. str. 30 | British | - | Crockett | Shaugh | Apr 28 Sundries |\n| Apr 28 | Gussell | British | - | - | Batavia | - |\n| Apr 28 | Loeven & Kup | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Apr 28 | Sebaoffen & Co | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Apr 28 | P. & U. S. N. Co | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Apr 28 | Jardine, M. & Co | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Apr 28 | Heard & Co | British | - | - | - | - |\n\n## BRITISH SHIPS OF WAR IN CHINA.\n\n| Class | Name | Flag & Guns | Captain | At |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Sloop | Acorn | - | W. A. Hood | Formosa |\n| - | Antagonist, | Dutch | - | Luque | - |\n| - | Alligator | - | Bowen & Co | - |\n| - | Avay | - | Despin | - |\n| - | Antelope | - | - | - |\n| - | Actaeon | - | - | - |\n| - | Algerine | - | - | - |\n| - | Albatross | - | - | - |\n| - | Alceste | - | - | - |\n| Sloop | - | - | Stabb | - |\n| - | - | - | Jenkin | - |\n\n## Sailed.\n\n| Name | Flag | Tons | Captain | Destination | Cargo |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Chusan | British | 280 | F.D. Synge | Calcutta | - |\n| Cruiser | British | 142 | W. Custou | - | - |\n| Belleiate | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Fermo | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Hiawatha | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Prudent | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Eureka | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Eliza Ross, brig | British | - | - | Chinchew | - |\n| Hanibal, schooner | British | - | - | Swatow | - |\n| Bauslie, barque | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Bevereg, barque | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Scotia, schooner | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Sorata, barque | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Starlight, barque | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Thracian, sloop | British | - | - | - | - |\n\n## GUN BOATS, DESPATCH VESSELS AND TRANSPORTS.\n\n| Name | Class | Flag & Guns | Captain | At |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Castus | - | - | W. F. Lee | - |\n| Hero | - | - | - | - |\n| Caratyne | - | - | P. Saumarez | - |\n| Benefactor | - | - | J. Kerr | - |\n| Rachel | - | - | W. Arthur | - |\n| H. Ferdinand | - | - | B. W. Nicholas | - |\n| Sophia Fraser | - | - | A. J. Ince | - |\n| Cormorant | Gunboat | - | W. H. Jones | - |\n| Nimrod | - | - | W. J. Hunt | - |\n| Opossum | - | - | - | - |\n| Gunboat | - | - | - | - |\n| Troup-ship | - | - | - | - |\n| Guru | Des.-Str. | - | - | - |\n| Surprise | Des.-T. | 400 | John Band & Co | - |\n| Watchful | Gunboat | - | - | - |\n| Nera, schooner | - | - | - | - |\n| Wild Flower, ship | - | - | - | - |\n\n## MERCHANT VESSELS.---Continued.\n\n| Date of Arrival | Name | Flag | Tons | Captain | From | Cargo |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Apr 20 | Chin Chin | British | 316 | G. E. Hand | San Francisco | Sundries |\n| Apr 29 | Cleopatra | British | 750 | - | Singapore | Sundries |\n| Apr 30 | C. Coventry | British | - | - | Amoy | Sundries |\n| May 1 | Caratyne | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Apr 22 | Black R. Packet | British | - | - | Bygd | Sundries |\n| Apr 23 | Dick | British | - | - | Shanghae | - |\n| Apr 18 | Kestrel | British | - | L. Wich | Bhanglue | - |\n| Apr 22 | Antelope | British | - | C.8. SET | - | - |\n| Mar 25 | Wilhelmine, barque | British | 88 | Angler & Co | Thoyon | - |\n| Apr 22 | Venetian | British | 510 | Penrice | Fuhchau | Teas, &c. |\n| Apr 28 | Star | British | - | G. of Pechali | - | - |\n| Apr 28 | Slaney | British | - | Peysaud | - | - |\n| Apr 28 | Peysaud | British | - | G. of Peculi | - | - |\n| Apr 28 | Levoque | British | - | IG. of Pocheli | - | - |\n\n## FOREIGN SHIPS OF WAR IN CHINA.\n\n| Class | Name | Flag | Guns | Captain | At |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Fr. Str. | Audacieux | French | 50 | Vrignand | G. Pehali Fr. Str. |\n| Fr. Str. | Avenger | French | - | - | River |\n| Fr. Str. | Capricieuse | French | 40 | D'Aboville | Fr. Str. |\n| Fr. Str. | Durance | French | 12 | Trebuchet | River |\n| Fr. Str. | Fusee | French | - | - | G. Peel Fr. Str. |\n| Fr. Str. | Meurthe | French | - | Borelli | - |\n| Fr. Str. | Mitraille | French | - | - | River |\n| Fr. G. Boat | Nemesis | French | - | Sous | G. Peel Fr. Ship |\n| Fr. Str. | Nissard | French | - | Cu Niss | - |\n| Fr. Str. | Phlegeton | French | - | Monerelt, G. | - |\n\n## BRITISH SHIPS OF WAR EXPECTED.\n\n## SHIPPING IN CHINA.\n\n### MERCHANT VESSELS.\n\n| Name | Flag | Tons | Captain | Destination | Cargo |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Aden, steamer | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Haschaut, ship | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Banner, schooner | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Earl Grey, barque | British | 770 | - | - | - |\n| Faerie, barque | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Fiery Cross, ship | British | 2000 | - | - | - |\n| Frowning Beauty, barque | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Hamilton, brig | British | 133 | - | - | - |\n| Hellespont, steamer | British | 2394 | - | - | - |\n| Job Shepherd, ship | British | 629 | - | - | - |\n| Jary | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Luly McDonald, ship | British | 679 | - | - | - |\n| Mauritius, steamer | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Perseverance, barque | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Pottinger, steamer | British | 200 | - | - | - |\n| Rajah of Sarawak, ship | British | 525 | - | - | - |\n| Rabe | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Sarah Lacy, barque | British | 450 | - | - | - |\n| Scotland, steamer | British | 759 | - | - | - |\n| Taymouth Castle, ship | British | 682 | - | - | - |\n| Trafalgar, barque | British | 717 | - | - | - |\n| Vindex, schooner | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Whirlwind, ship | British | - | - | - | - |\n| Williamattilies, barque | British | 476 | - | - | - |\n| Zepage, schooner | British | - | - | - | - |\n\n### FOREIGN MERCHANT VESSELS.\n\n| Name | Flag | Tons | Captain | From | Cargo |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Lion, barque | French | - | - | - | - |\n| Mariquita, ship | French | - | - | - | - |\n| St Paul | French | - | - | - | - |\n| Ville de Bale, ship | French | - | - | - | - |\n| Atmosphere, ship | American | - | - | - | - |\n| Bald Eagle, ship | American | - | - | - | - |\n| Cohota, ship | American | - | - | - | - |\n| Derby | American | - | - | - | - |\n| Flying Sail, ship | American | - | - | - | - |\n| Frigate Bird, ship | American | - | - | - | - |\n| George Lee, ship | American | - | - | - | - |\n| Norways, ship | American | - | - | - | - |\n| Orpheus, ship | American | - | - | - | - |\n| Uriel, ship | American | - | - | - | - |\n| Youths of CONCEF | American | - | - | - | - |\n| Alvor, barque | Dutch | 297 | - | - | - |\n| Amsterdam, ship | Dutch | 400 | - | - | - |\n| Betera Michiels | Dutch | - | - | - | - |\n| Boven & Kap | Dutch | - | - | - | - |\n| Hebe, ship | Dutch | 471 | - | - | - |\n| Jannetta Coralin | Dutch | 454 | - | - | - |\n| Lactor Energo | Dutch | - | - | - | - |\n| Maria Diederiks, barque | Dutch | 270 | - | - | - |\n| Nora Zembla, ship | Dutch | 775 | - | - | - |\n| Phoebus, barque | Dutch | - | - | - | - |\n| Stad Doken | Dutch | - | - | - | - |\n| Damsh | Dutch | - | - | - | - |\n| Alions, barque | Hamburg | - | - | - | - |\n| Susenas, barque | Hamburg | - | - | - | - |\n| Abu Lange, barque | Bremen | 288 | - | - | - |\n| J. Brightman, ship | Sardinian | - | - | - | - |\n| Jahu Stephen, barque | Sardinian | - | - | - | - |\n| Progress, barque | Sardinian | - | - | - | - |\n| Fresh Eagle, barque | American | - | - | - | - |\n| Antelope, brig | Spanish | - | - | - | - |\n| Argonaut, ship | Spanish | - | - | - | - |\n| Game Cook, ship | Spanish | - | - | - | - |\n| Gravina, brig | Spanish | - | - | - | - |\n| Dutch | - | - | - | - | - |\n| Almonde, barque | Dutch | 609 | - | - | - |\n| Henrietta, barque | Dutch | 400 | - | - | - |\n| Johanna, barque | Dutch | 550 | - | - | - |\n| Mercator, ship | Dutch | 749 | - | - | - |\n| San Jacinto | American | - | - | - | - |\n\n## RECEIVING SHIPS.\n\n| Name | At | Captain |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Australia | Hongkong | Bill Co |\n| Cams Family | - | - |\n| Toms | - | - |\n| Ch | - | - |\n| Faluti | - | - |\n| T | - | - |\n| Formlean | - | - |\n| Anuya | - | - |\n| To kee | - | - |\n| Imag | - | - |\n| Patainder | - | - |\n| Fitzgion | - | - |\n| Adventure | - | - |\n| Malamoodie | - | - |\n| Pidiehau | - | - |\n| Water Witei | - | - |\n| Chichew Temple | - | - |\n| Haud | - | - |\n| Tivi | - | - |\n| And Welch | - | - |\n| Woosing licort | - | - |\n| Vincent | - | - |\n\n## TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.\n\nTo the HONGKONG REGISTER and OVERLAND REGISTER AND PRICE CURRENT: One Year, $32; Six Months, $16; Three Months, $8. To the HONGKONG REGISTER: One Year, $15; Six Months, $8; Three Months, $5. To the OVERLAND REGISTER AND PRICE CURRENT alone: For One Year, $3; all payable in advance.\n\n## TERMS OF ADVERTISEMENT.\n\nAdvertisements, not exceeding 5 lines, $1; each additional line, 20 cents; one half of these charges for Repetitions.\n\n## AGENTS.\n\nJ. G. ANTHONY, Esq., London; Messrs. Jardine, Skinner & Co., Calcutta; Messrs. LALAROS & Co., Bombay; Messrs. THOMPSON, ROBERT & Co., Shanghai; J. P. Fisc, San Francisco.\n\n## GOVERNMENT GAZETTE.\n\nVICTORIA, SATURDAY, 5TH JUNE 1858.\n\n**GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.**\n\nVol. III, No. 158.\n\nThe Contract for publishing this Gazette, entered into on the 5th September, 1853, was terminated on the 20th ultimo; and notice is hereby given, that a New Series of this Gazette will be published hereafter, to commence from the 7th instant, under a New Contract, and that **THE HONGKONG GOVERNMENT GAZETTE** will, as before, be the only Official Organ for PROCLAMATIONS, NOTIFICATIONS, and PUBLIC NOTICES, of this Government.\n\nBy Order,\nW. T. MERCER, Colonial Secretary.\n\nColonial Secretary's Office, Victoria, Hongkong, 20 July, 1855.\n\n## VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL OF HONGKONG.\n\nNo. 15 of 1858.\n\nMONDAY, 31st MAY, 1858.\n\nPRESENT:\n\nHis Excellency the Governor and all the Members, except the Lieutenant-Governor and the Colonial Treasurer, on account of indisposition.\n\nThe Council met to-day, pursuant to adjournment.\n\nThe Minutes of the last Council being read.\n\nThe Attorney General proposed the following amendments:\n1stly. That the words \"Pursuant to\" be inserted before the words \"The following Notice of motion\"; and that the words \"from the Attorney General was brought up and read\" next after, be struck out.\n2ly. That the words \"and moved\" be inserted after the word \"Memorialists.\"\n\nQuestion put, and passed---whereupon,\n\nThe amendments being made,\n\nThe Minutes were approved.\n\nThe Council resolved itself into a Committee of the whole for the further consideration of the Market Ordinance.\n\nSections 1 to 4 inclusive, were ordered to stand part of the Ordinance.\n\nSection 18 was recommitted and amended.\n\nResolved, that the Market Ordinance from Section 5 to the end be recommitted.\n\nTwo new Sections were introduced, and ordered to stand as Sections 3 and 6.\n\nA Draft of proposed Market Bye-Laws was read for the information of the Council, by order of His Excellency.\n\nConsideration of the Market Ordinance was resumed.\n\nSections 5 to 8 inclusive, were re-numbered, and made Sections 7 to 10.\n\nSection 9 was amended, and made Section 11.\n\nEight new Sections were discussed seriatim, agreed to, and ordered to be introduced next after Section 11, and to stand as Sections 12 to 19 inclusive.\n\nSection 10 was made Section 20, and amended.\n\nSections 1 to 14 inclusive, were re-numbered, and made Sections 21 to 24.\n\nA new Section was introduced, and ordered to stand as Section 25.\n\nSections 15 to 17 inclusive, were re-numbered as Sections 26 to 28, and adopted.\n\nSection 18 being re-numbered as Section 29, was recommitted.\n\nThe Governor put the question, that this Section as amended stand part of the Ordinance.\n\nUpon which the Attorney General moved an amendment, that the words \"Registrar General\" be left out.\n\nDebate ensued.\n\nThe Governor put the question, That the words \"Registrar General\" stand part of the Clause.\n\nCouncil divided.\n\nAyes (4.)\n\nMR DENT.\nMR LYALL.\nACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY.\nSURVEYOR GENERAL.\n\nNoys (4.)\n\nMR JARDINE.\nCHIEF MAGISTRATE.\nATTORNEY GENERAL.\nCHIEF JUSTICE.\n\nPage 90\nPage 91",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 244676,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]",
        "page_number": 417,
        "title": "CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]",
        "content_text": "414- \n\npicked it up. \n\nOn account of his connection with the pirates being so extensive lately that he is obliged to open a Hong to receive the property plundered by the pirates, and he has lately joined in partnerships with a Chinchew man Kumon in Lee sook opening the shop called Kumng gik-beeng in the Straits Road to receive the stolen goods. \n\nIt is said that the boat now in custody of the Police is a pirate, and the Sugar landed was plundered from a boat belonging to Lee-Ahkum of the Eshun Opium shop, Jervois Street. That Ahkum was afraid to give information to the Police, but made the matter up with Wong Ahkee by receiving back 110 bags of Sugar - such is the terror of the name Ma-toommy wing. \n\nIt is also said that 2 pirate Chiefs named Akfat and Leetchee have made their fortune and have returned to the Colony, that they have given $1700 to Ma Ass-brong, and that Ma-brong has allowed them to stop in his house and that they are there. \n\nMany people who have been plundered by them dare not give information against them. There is a house in the lower Bazaar known as the Sun on. \n\n$200 was pencilled for collection from gambling houses by the Sun on people. After the fire in the Lower Bazaar the Sunow... \n\n213",
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    {
        "id": 244748,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]",
        "page_number": 490,
        "title": "CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]",
        "content_text": "487 \n\n(70) \n\nI examined the paper myself, and it appeared to me to be something about pirate boats and provisions. Ma-chow Wong's name was in it, I think, but Mr Caldwell's was not. It was written in English in a very bad handwriting; it seemed a sort of memorandum. I recollect showing it to the Chief Magistrate who committed Boggs for trial. On the night of Boggs's apprehension, he told me that I must take great care of that paper, as he could convict somebody on it; the next morning he told me he meant Mr Caldwell. I read the paper; I know Mr Caldwell's handwriting, and feel quite certain that it was not in Mr Caldwell's handwriting.\n\nI am sure Ma-chow Wong was not present when I delivered the gold dust; I should have known him a mile off, as he used to wear black spectacles. I received the information of Ma-chow Wong's innocence on the first case from several Chinese; they told me that it was not his shop which had anything to do with the matter, and his coming forward to the Police Station so boldly, showed that he could have had no connection with it. I did not inform Mr May of my intention not to arrest him, nor did I countermand the order to the Police for his apprehension.\n\nI saw no more of the gold dust after I delivered it to Mr Caldwell, and he gave me back the 7 taels. I did not see the persons who were securities for the delivery of the gold dust, nor do I know anything about the security. I know that there were security papers returned by Mr Caldwell to the Police Station. They were delivered to Mr May the next day. I do not know where they were kept, and have never seen them since; I am not quite certain that these papers were returned, but think that some red papers were handed in. Mr Caldwell made enquiry for them and I searched with a Chinese clerk for them. I think it was Mr May who desired me to make the search; Mr May thought searched with me.\n\n## NINETEENTH MEETING\n\nThursday, 8th July, 1858, at 12 o'clock Noon, Present,-All the Members, except the Hon Mr Davies\n\nJAMES JARMAN, Inspector of Police, examined.\n\n-Called and \n\nI personally apprehended Ma-chow Wong under warrant on the charge upon which he was subsequently tried. I went to his shop in the Central Market, and seized some books and papers both from the hong and from the shop. The principal part of the books and papers were put in an iron safe, which was locked, and the key remained in my possession. The remainder were put in two or three baskets; they were then carried to the Central Police Station under my inspection. They remained in my custody in the station: those which were not in the iron safe were put in a wooden chest, of which I had the key; and when required for the purposes of the Police Magistrates they were taken up to the Magistracy, and brought down again at the end of each day's proceedings, still remaining in my custody. I remember during the progress of the investigation their being examined at the Police Station by Mr Stace, accompanied by a Chinaman. Mr Caldwell was present during, I believe, the whole of the investigation; he was there the major part of the time, if not the whole. While the books and papers were being examined, I was sitting at the table on which they were placed. I considered it a part of my duty to see that no papers were taken away, and that all that were examined were returned to my custody, and I did so. I don't recollect any of the papers being sent to the Supreme Court; I believe there were some, but am not certain. Mr Grand-Pré had charge of another set besides those I had.\n\nAfter the investigation at the Police Court was concluded, the books and papers not required at the Supreme Court were returned to my custody as before at the Central Police Station, and after the conviction of the prisoner I was ordered to send them to the Magistracy. The articles taken from the Kwong Yik Loong shop which I delivered up were in baskets covered over with oil paper, and it being a rainy day, they were tied down and sealed up. They were sent from the Police Court to the Government Offices, and my receipts specifying the number of baskets containing books and papers were sent with them. From the time I seized them until I sent them up to the Magistracy for transmission to Government Offices, they remained in safe custody in my hands, and I do not think it possible that any of them could have been abstracted.\n\nI never heard whether Mr May approved or disapproved of the delivery up of the gold dust. I delivered up the property at the Station, and the books at the Supreme Court, solely by virtue of the order of the Acting Colonial Secretary on the petition. I think it was to Mr May personally, not in the office of the Superintendent of Police, that the security papers were delivered.\n\nI saw these papers afterwards on the table in the Police Office, but had not charge of them. I think they were given to Mr May as Sheriff, as the case came through the Court.\n\nAdjourned to 12 o'clock on Wednesday.\n\nThe property was given over to Inspector Roberts. Grand Pré was also there at the time.\n\n(71)\n\nI have seen Ma-chow Wong at Mr Caldwell's house on three or four or more occasions. I have seen him on various occasions. I think I recollect, on one occasion when Mr Caldwell was very sick, that he went upstairs to Mr Caldwell's room. I have never seen anything in their demeanour towards each other which would warrant me in saying they were intimate as friends. I remember Mr May and Tong Akü making an examination of Ma-chow Wong papers. I was present and had charge of the papers at that time. I am quite satisfied that all the books and papers examined by them were returned to my custody—it is quite impossible that any of them could have been abstracted. Mr May gave me orders regarding taking charge of the books and papers, as I had seized them.\n\nCross-examined, I remember some years ago a case of an alleged robbery of some tin belonging to a merchant at Singapore. I was, on the 24th June 1855, concerned in the endeavor to trace this tin. I remember going with Mr Caldwell to search for this tin on board the ship Chinchew. I understood that the information which led to our going on board came through Mr Caldwell. There were a few blocks of tin found on board the ship; we took possession of it and brought it ashore. After coming from the ship, we went to a house where it was said to have been bought from, but found none there. Two persons were charged before Mr Hillier, I think, with having unlawful possession of the tin. I believe the parties were not committed for trial on the charge. I don't recollect whether they were or not. I remember, before going on board the ship, accompanying Mr Caldwell to search a hong in Bonham Strand. The tin found there was, I think, taken possession of, but was not, I think, the same tin as that which was missing.\n\nRe-examined, I apprehended Ma-chow Wong on the 16th July between 9 and 10 o'clock. I arrested him on two occasions on the 16th and 18th; this one on the 16th was before the issue of a warrant. When I apprehended him it was a short distance from the Old Central Police Station. I told him that I had made him a prisoner and took him to the Central Police Station. I told him also that the charge against him was confederating with pirates. The words he made use of were \"What for you takee my man have go up stairs Mr Grand Pré's house last night.\" Nothing further passed till we arrived at the Station, when I told Mr Grand Pré, who said that Ma-chow Wong had not been at the Police Station the previous night. I told Mr May that if he did not look after the case strictly, most likely it would fall through. I did not attend the Police Court on the first examination of Ma-chow Wong when he was held to bail by the Chief Magistrate. I believe from what people have told me, that Ma-chow Wong interested himself in cases of piracy.\n\nI was present during part of the trial of Eli Boggs. I do not remember hearing a document read by him, nor seeing him hand in a document. I was not present at the conclusion when he made his defence. I remember seeing a square piece of calico, which was a rebel pass, and which had been taken from Boggs. I think it was Roberts who showed me this pass. I do not recollect seeing a paper. I have not since seen the paper alluded to; it ought to be produced by the Inspector who was on duty at the time. According to practice, a paper read and handed in at Court would be kept in Court, and in ordinary cases of conviction would be handed over to the Gaoler, if not given in evidence at the Magistracy; if given in evidence at the Supreme Court, and if it be property of the prisoner, it would be given over to the Gaoler again. I have some slight knowledge of seeing the tin box at the Police Station.\n\nThere was some money and boxes of clothing belonging to the Kwong Yik Loong shop remaining in the custody of the Police, after the books and papers were sent up to Government Office. Mr Grand-Pré had charge of this property. Mr Grand-Pré ordered it to be given up. He gave up the dollars and the clothing to a man who was clerk at the Kwong Yik Loong shop, and who was tried with Ma-chow Wong. Mr Grand-Pré personally delivered up the dollars. I did not see him deliver up the clothing. There were one or two Chinese with this clerk. Before the property was delivered up, Mr Caldwell came to the charge-room window with a petition, and asked me if Mr May was in his office, and said that the man—pointing to this clerk—was come after the property, or something to that effect; at all events the property was given up. I think Mr Caldwell went to Mr Grand-Pré or Mr May. Mr Grand-Pré came out of his office afterwards. I think that as soon as he had had the conversation with Mr May or Mr Grand-Pré, Mr Caldwell went away. I should like to correct my statement, that Mr Grand-Pré had all the money. I found $10 myself, which I delivered up to Mr Grand-Pré, on the occasion of the money being given up. I found the $10 in one of the boxes, and showed them to Mr May at the time, and kept charge of them until the property was given up.\n\nELI BOGGS,--Called and examined.\n\nAt the period of my apprehension I remember a paper being found on me. The paper, as near as I can recollect, was written for Ma-chow Wong, and sent out to a lorcha to a young man named Beaver who had charge of the lorcha. It stated he was part owner of a lorcha. Some one on board was about to take the lorcha away, and he wished the lorcha to be brought back. It said nothing further. I had several papers, when I was arrested. This paper was in English. I remember something about a paper, which I requested might be taken particular care of, as it would be of use to me. I saw that paper at the Supreme Court on my trial. It was put into my hands by Mr May. I believe I read the contents of it in Court. I handed it to ... \n\nI have heard the Chinese say, that Ma-chow Wong was believed by them to be in possession of great power; they said that he was always connected with pirates, and they were afraid to have anything to do with him. I recollect on one or two occasions, that some of the Lukongs said, that Ma-chow Wong was friendly with Mr Caldwell. I have seen Ma-chow Wong...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 247691,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-074 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Robinson - 1859 [6-12]",
        "page_number": 365,
        "title": "CO129-074 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Robinson - 1859 [6-12]",
        "content_text": "( 70 )\n\n( 71 )\n\n361\n\nCourt or the Gaol. I read the paper myself, and it appeared to me to be something about pirate boats and provisions. Ma-chow Wong's name was in it I think, but Mr Caldwell's was not. It was written in English in a very bad handwriting; it seemed a sort of memorandum. I recollect shewing it to the Chief Magistrate who committed Boggs for trial. On the night of Boggs's apprehension, he told me that I must take great care of that paper, as he could convict somebody on it; the next morning he told me he meant Mr Caldwell. I read the paper; I know Mr Caldwell's handwriting, and feel quite certain that it was not in Mr Caldwell's handwriting.\n\nI am sure Ma-chow Wong was not present when I delivered the gold dust; I should have known him a mile off, as he used to wear black spectacles. I received the information of Ma-chow Wong's innocence in the first case from several Chinese; they told me that it was not his shop which had anything to do with the matter, and his coming forward to the Police Station so boldly, shewed that he could have had no connection with it. I did not inform Mr May of my intention not to arrest him, nor did I countermand the order to the Police for his apprehension. I saw no more of the gold dust after I delivered it to Mr Caldwell, and he gave me back the 7 taels. I did not see the persons who were securities for the delivery of the gold dust, nor do I know anything about the security. I know that there were security papers returned by Mr Caldwell to the Police Station. They were delivered to Mr May the next day. I do not know where they were kept, and have never seen them since; I am not quite certain that these papers were returned, but think that some red papers were handed in. Mr Caldwell made enquiry for them, and I searched with a Chinese clerk for them. I think it was Mr May who desired me to make the search; Mr May I think searched with me.\n\nNINETEENTH MEETING.\n\nThursday, 8th July, 1858, at 12 o'clock Noon.\n\nPresent,-All the Members, except the Hon Mr Davies.\n\nJAMES JARMAN, Inspector of Police,-Called and examined.\n\nI personally apprehended Ma-chow Wong under warrant on the charge upon which he was subsequently tried. I went to his shop in the Central Market, and seized some books and papers both from the hong and from the shop. The principal part of the books and papers were put in an iron safe, which was locked, and the key remained in my possession. The remainder were put in two or three baskets; they were then carried to the Central Police Station under my inspection. They remained in my custody in the station: those which were not in the iron safe were put in a wooden chest, of which I had the key; and when required for the purposes of the Police Magistrates they were taken up to the Magistracy, and brought down again at the end of each day's proceedings, still remaining in my custody. I remember during the progress of the investigation their being examined at the Police Station by Mr Stace, accompanied by a Chinaman. Mr Caldwell was present during, I believe, the whole of the investigation; he was there the major part of the time, if not the whole. While the books and papers were being examined, I was sitting at the table on which they were placed. I considered it a part of my duty to see that no papers were taken away, and that all that were examined were returned to my custody, and I did so. I don't recollect any of the papers being sent to the Supreme Court; I believe there were some, but am not certain. Mr Grand-Pré had charge of another set besides those I had. After the investigation at the Police Court was concluded, the books and papers not required at the Supreme Court were returned to my custody as before at the Central Police Station, and after the conviction of the prisoner I was ordered to send them to the Magistracy.\n\nI never heard whether Mr May approved or disapproved of the delivery up of the gold dust. The articles taken from the Kwong Yik Loong shop which I delivered up were bundles and bedding; there was $32 also. I delivered up the property at the Station, and the books at the Supreme Court, solely by virtue of the order of the Acting Colonial Secretary on the petition. I think it was to Mr May personally, not in the office of the Superintendent of Police, that the security papers were delivered.\n\nI saw these papers afterwards on the table in the Police Office, but had not charge of them. I think they were given to Mr May as Sheriff, as the case came through the Court.\n\nAdjourned to 12 o'clock on Wednesday.\n\n{There being no quorum on Wednesday, the Chairman adjourned till the following day at Noon.]\n\nThey were sent from the Police Court to the Government offices, and my receipts specifying the number of baskets containing books and papers were sent with them. From the time I seized them until I sent them up to the Magistracy for transmission to Government Offices, they remained in safe custody in my hands, and I do not think it possible that any of them could have been abstracted. I cannot, to my recollection, say that I have found myself embarrassed in my action against pirates by Ma-chow Wong. I was present during part of the trial of Eli Boggs. I do not remember hearing a document read by him, nor seeing him hand in a document. I was not present at the conclusion when he made his defence. I was not present when Eli Boggs was searched upon his apprehension, but I remember seeing a square piece of calico, which was a rebel pass, and which had been taken from Boggs. I think it was Roberts who shewed me this pass.\n\nI do not recollect seeing a paper. I have not since his trial seen the paper alluded to; it ought to be produced to the Gaoler by the Inspector who was on duty at the time. According to practice, a paper read and handed in at Court would be kept in Court, and in ordinary cases of conviction would be handed over to the Gaoler, if not given in evidence at the Magistracy; if given in evidence at the Supreme Court, and if it be property of the prisoner, it would be given over to the Gaoler again. I have some slight knowledge of seeing the tin box at the Police Station.\n\nThe property was given over to Inspector Roberts. Mr Grand-Pré was also there at the time.\n\nCross-examined,—I remember some years ago a case of an alleged robbery of some tin belonging to a merchant at Singapore. I was, on the 24th June 1855, concerned in the endeavour to trace this tin. I remember going with Mr Caldwell to search for this tin on board the ship Chinchew. I understood that the information which led to our going on board came through Mr Caldwell. There were a few blocks of tin found on board the ship; we took possession of it and brought it ashore. After coming from the ship, we went to a house where it was said to have been bought from, but found none there. Two persons were charged before Mr Hillier, I think, with having unlawful possession of the tin. I believe the parties were not committed for trial on the charge. I don't recollect whether they were or not. I remember, before going on board the ship, accompanying Mr Caldwell to search a hong in Bonham Strand. The tin found there was, I think, taken possession of, but was not I think, the same tin as that which was missing.\n\nRe-examined, I apprehended Ma-chow Wong on the 16th July between 9 and 10 o'clock. I arrested him on two occasions on the 16 and 18th; this one on the 16th was before the issue of a warrant. When I apprehended him it was a short distance from the Old Central Police Station, I told him that I had made him a prisoner and took him to the Central Police Station. I told him also that the charge against him was confederating with pirates. The words he made use of were \"What for you takee my now, I have go up stairs Mr Grand Pré's house last night.\" Nothing further passed till we arrived at the Station, when I told Mr Grand Pré, who said that Ma-chow Wong had not been at the Police Station the previous night. I told Mr May that if he did not look after the case strictly, most likely it would fall through. I did not attend the Police Court on the first examination of Ma-chow Wong when he was held to bail by the Chief Magistrate. I believe from what people have told me, that Ma-chow Wong interested himself in cases of piracy.\n\nI have heard the Chinese say, that Ma-chow Wong was believed by them to be in possession of great power; they said that he was always connected with pirates, and they were afraid to have anything to do with him. I recollect on one or two occasions, that some of the Lukongs said that Ma-chow Wong was friendly with Mr Caldwell. I have seen Ma-chow Wong at Mr Caldwell's house on three or four or more occasions. I have seen him on various occasions. I have never seen anything in their demeanour towards each other which would warrant me in saying they were intimate as friends. I remember Mr May and Tong Akú making an examination of the Ma-chow Wong papers. I was present and had charge of the papers at that time. I am quite satisfied that all the books and papers examined by them were returned to my custody—it is quite impossible that any of them could have been abstracted.\n\nMr May gave me orders regarding taking charge of the books and papers, as I had seized them. There was some money and boxes of clothing belonging to the Kwong Yik Loong shop remaining in the custody of the Police, after the books and papers were sent up to Government Office. Mr Grand-Pré had charge of this property. Mr Grand-Pré ordered it to be given up. He gave up the dollars and the clothing to a man who was clerk at the Kwong Yik Loong shop, and who was tried with Ma-chow Wong. Mr Grand-Pré personally delivered up the dollars. I did not see him deliver up the clothing. There were one or two Chinese with this clerk. Before the property was delivered up, Mr Caldwell came to the charge-room window with a petition, and asked me if Mr May was in his office, and said that the man—pointing to this clerk—was come after the property, or something to that effect: at all events the property was given up. I think Mr Caldwell went to Mr Grand-Pré or Mr May. Mr Grand-Pré came out of his office afterwards. I think that as soon as he had had the conversation with Mr May or Mr Grand-Pré, Mr Caldwell went away. I should like to correct my statement, that Mr Grand-Pré had all the money. I had $10 myself, which I delivered up to Mr Grand-Pré, on the occasion of the money being giving up. I found the $10 in one of the boxes, and shewed them to Mr May at the time, and kept charge of them until the property was given up. I do not know what ultimately came of the blocks of tin found on board the ship. I was away a day or two about that time after pirates, and did not attend the Police Court when the case was going on. Mr Grand-Pré had in his possession a gun taken from Eli Boggs no other article that I know of. I do not know what has become of the gun; he may have it still for all that I know.\n\nELI BOGGS,-Called and examined.\n\nAt the period of my apprehension I remember a paper being found on me. The paper, as near as I can recollect, was written for Ma-chow Wong, and sent out to a lorcha to a young man named Beaver who had charge of the lorcha. It stated he was part owner of a lorcha. Some one on board was about to take the lorcha away, and he wished the lorcha to be brought back. It said nothing further. I had several papers, when I was arrested, This paper was in English. I remember something about a paper, which I requested might be taken particular care of, as it would be of use to me. I saw that paper at the Supreme Court on my trial. It was put into my hands by Mr May, I believe I read the contents of it in Court. I handed it to...",
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    {
        "id": 259768,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-099 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 418,
        "title": "CO129-099 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "414\n\non board at the time of capture a cargo\n\nConsisting of 4,850 bags Sugar and 400 packages of sundry articles of Chinchew Gordo with 17 persons and 10 passengers - Armed with 12 Cannons and 20 Muskets FE when Sailing Moolaw near St John's about 100 Miles from Hongkong on the 26th ultimo at 8 o'clock in the morning they were attacked by 4 large piratical Boats Containing about 40 men each - who on approaching opened a fire of Cannon which was returned by boat attacked and Kept up by both parties for about 4 to 6 hours during this time 4 men were killed and six wounded by the fire of the Pirates, who then closed, threw on board Stink pots - boarded - took possession of boat and cargo and placed the crews and passengers under hatches - After being detained for five days informant having no Cargo or interest in the boat was permitted to leave for the present when informant left the Pirates. the boat and Cargo were still Captured at Koolan the latter having been sold - The boat taken is a large Tow-man of the 1st class value # 10,200, Cargo can identify to 30,000.\n\nInformant knew all the Bonto and several of the Pirates.\n\nThe four piratical boats by which they were attacked had been seen previously to separate from a fleet",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-099 - Sir Robinson - 1864 [6-8].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 262027,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-105 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1865 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 198,
        "title": "CO129-105 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1865 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "196\n\nNo\n\nHongkong is the centre of trade in many kinds of goods and most of the rich native firms trade in general wares. They get goods from Shensi, amber; Soochow and its surrounding villages send native piece goods; Shan-tung, Szechuen, and Fokien send cotton and cotton goods, and the last are considerable exports of all kinds of medicine. Hankow, Shaohing, and Chinchew provide the natives with edible delicacies in the shape of sharks' fins, beche de mer, etc.\n\nOn the other hand, the Canton province is supplied with Sapanwood, Sandalwood, Rattans, Ivory, and Betel nut received from Siam, Singapore, and Anam.\n\nThe neighbouring province of Kwangsi sends Cassia, peppermint, and various kinds of dye which are sent from here to all the ports in the Kuangtung province.\n\nVegetables for the use of the people chiefly come from the Kowloon district, though large quantities are brought from Canton by the steamers running daily.\n\nTo the foregoing articles, many others might be added, such as building materials - bricks, timber, granite; but of these, I have at present no data.\n\nThese remarks are not made to \n\n248",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-105 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1865 [5-7].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 271361,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-125 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [10-11]",
        "page_number": 317,
        "title": "CO129-125 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [10-11]",
        "content_text": "## Enclosure N.3 in Governor MacDonnell's Despatch N. 59 of 14th Nov. 1867\n\nThe Amoy Memorial. The following letter has been prepared by the Amoy community, in accordance with Sir R. Alcock's general request for suggestions from the various ports.\n\n### AMOY, 18th October, 1867\n\nSIR,\n\nResponding to the invitation given through you by Her Majesty's Minister Plenipotentiary at Pekin, to state our opinion upon any matters connected with British interests in China, with the view that they may be considered in the coming revision of the Treaty of Tientsin, we now beg leave to wait upon you with the few following remarks.\n\nWe find that the general business of this port has considerably diminished during the last few years, and we attribute this in a very great measure to Likin Taxes. It is impossible for us to express ourselves too strongly on the subject of these illegal exactions. We have protested against them on various occasions, and, as you are aware, we presented a Memorial on this subject to Her Majesty's Minister when he paid a visit to this place. On that occasion His Excellency frankly informed us that the taxes were in his opinion illegal, and contrary to the spirit of the Treaty, and that he was prepared to do all in his power to abolish them. Since then three months have elapsed but the taxes are still being collected.\n\nWe enclose copy of the above Memorial, the tenor of which we beg to confirm in every respect.\n\nWe are prepared to prove that these taxes range from 43 per cent. to 90 per cent., and that under this heavy incubus our trade has materially diminished. It would certainly be preposterous to expect anything else, particularly when our goods can be undersold in our own legitimate consuming districts, by importations overland from neighbouring provinces where no such illegal taxes exist. We give it as our decided and matured opinion, that unless prompt and efficient redress be obtained, many lucrative branches of our trade will be lost to us entirely. Before leaving this subject, we would beg to protest against the wanton disregard of Treaty rights, under which we have invested considerable sums of money in real property, which will be to a certain extent useless, if the present state of matters is to obtain. Her Majesty's Minister having endorsed our opinion that the taxes are illegal, we do not see why there should be so much delay, or any difficulty in obtaining speedy redress.\n\n### Custom House\n\nWe think that some part of the diminution of Trade is due to Custom House restrictions, and we would be glad to see a more liberal spirit obtain in the general administration of their affairs. At present they claim the right under clause XXXVII of levying a fine of Taels 500, in case of false or incorrect manifest. The amount is inordinately heavy, especially in the latter case, and we think the entire clause calls for revision. Also, that where there is no evidence of intent to defraud the revenue, the Custom House should have no power to call for a fine, and that in any case British merchants should not be fined unless with the consent of the British Consul.\n\n| Issue | Current Practice | Proposed Change |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Fines for incorrect manifest | Taels 500 fine | Revision of clause XXXVII; fine only with evidence of intent to defraud and with British Consul's consent for British merchants |\n\nWe find that the tendency of Custom House action, and the loose manner in which the Treaty of Tientsin is worded and carried out, is to take away much of the general trade from Treaty Ports and throw it into Hongkong. Amoy for centuries previous to the Custom House being opened was the headquarters, in the South of China, of this trade with Siam, the Straits, and Java, but latterly very much of the trade has gone to Hongkong. The trade also in Malacca Tin, which in former years was a large and valuable one, has dwindled into insignificance. It is an undoubted fact that large quantities of this article are imported into Chinchew (which naturally in previous years got all its supplies from Amoy) by native Lorcha from Hongkong, and the Imperial Revenue, as well as Mercantile interests, has suffered accordingly.\n\nWe think that Foreign Goods and Opium, imported in native Junks, ought to pay the same duties as they do in foreign bottoms, and to effect this these importations ought to be reported to the Imperial Custom House.\n\nWe also think that the Custom House may be said to encourage, wilfully, the continuance of smuggling at the non-treaty ports, so long as they have not an efficient preventive service on the coast. There is no doubt that smuggling by natives does take place on the coast to a large extent, and that they are encouraged in it by the absence of Revenue Cruisers, and by the high tariff dues and illegal taxes which obtain at treaty ports.\n\nWe do not think that the Custom House does its duty, either to the Chinese Government, or the Mercantile interests, so long as an efficient preventive service does not exist. We think that there ought to be, at least, one Steam Revenue Cruiser for each treaty port with jurisdiction over all the neighbouring bays and creeks, and as more than a suspicion of smuggling has already attached to the so-called Revenue Cruisers which are established on the coast, we think measures ought to be taken to prevent the possibility of smuggling by these vessels.\n\n### Required Modifications and Additional Privileges\n\nWe now proceed to mention those points on which some modification of the present treaty, and additional privileges in the revised one, are required in the interests of commerce.\n\n#### Transit Dues\n\nAn imperative necessity exists for some stringent regulations being made in respect of these, and to ensure that no other Tax can by any possibility be levied. We think that none other than the Tariff duty ought to be leviable within a radius of say six miles from the Custom House at the treaty port, and that the due payment of Transit dues, as per section III, Rule VII, ought to free the goods as far up country as the importer may desire. We also think that as a safeguard it ought to be made competent for any British Consul, where it is proved that any additional tax has been inflicted, to order the amount to be deducted from the next payment to the Custom-house.\n\n#### Duties on Exports\n\n- **Tea**: The quality of a large proportion of the tea produced in the surrounding districts is very much inferior to any other class of Chinese tea, and consequently the duty of Tis. 2.5 per picul, weighs much more heavily here than in any other port in China. This duty was calculated to be five per cent. on the average value, whereas in common Amoy tea it is not less than 35 per cent. In Japan a very similar class of tea is obtained; the export duty is there only 5 per cent.; it is shipped to the same market as we ship the common teas of this district, and under the present heavy duty we cannot compete with it. We would suggest that the duty should be levied at 5 per cent. ad valorem, the proof of value being the price at which it is purchased.\n- **Rice, Wheat, and all other articles of food**: should be free of duty entirely, and their movements amongst the coast ports unrestricted in any way. The present system, while adding very little to the revenue, is fraught with several evils. It tends to take away the trade from Treaty ports and throw it into Hongkong. It enhances the price to consumers, and in times of scarcity supplies cannot be readily sent from neighbouring ports, because, on account of the export duty, it is a rare occurrence to see rice, other than what is wanted for local consumption, stored in a Treaty port.\n- **Salt**: The carriage of salt in foreign vessels betwixt coast ports ought to be allowed under bond, in the same way as copper cash. A good many vessels have obtained cargoes of salt on Mandarin account on the Formosa coast. We do not see why the Government monopoly could not be as effectually protected where the salt is shipped in foreign bottoms as it is now in native junks. In former years salt was frequently exported to the Straits and Calcutta. The article can be furnished in almost any quantity from Quemoy, and it certainly would be very beneficial to that place, and also give some employment to foreign vessels were the prohibition removed. We would suggest that the export to foreign ports be also permitted.\n\n#### Duties on Imports\n\n- **Manchester Goods**: We would suggest a reduction of one-half of the present duty on these goods, and we believe that were such concessions made the importation would be stimulated in no ordinary degree.\n- **Woollens**: At the present tariff, our goods cannot compete upon favourable terms with Russian-made goods brought in overland; we would for this reason suggest a reduction of one-half.\n- **Dock Material**: The duty upon wood, copper, yellow metal, and all such articles is very heavy indeed. We cannot see any good reason why these or any other articles brought in solely for foreign consumption, or to be re-exported, should pay any duty whatever, and we would suggest either that they should be entirely free or that a drawback should be given on all articles which can be proved to have been re-exported.\n\nThe Dock here was not started as merely a commercial speculation, and it has since been of great benefit in providing employment in this overpopulated and poor district. We can only say that under the present circumstances, it is impossible that the Dock can prosper, or compete with the Hongkong docks, and that, if foreign enterprise is to be summarily checked...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-125 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [10-11].txt",
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    {
        "id": 278597,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-138 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [6-7]",
        "page_number": 166,
        "title": "CO129-138 - Sir MacDonnell - 1869 [6-7]",
        "content_text": "Mr. Caldwell bare said that he had known witness many years and had every confidence in him. There was no regular account between them. Whenever the witness came to the house to report anything, he was paid a dollar or two.\n\nThe coroner said that Mr. Caldwell having mentioned yesterday (Friday) that he saw the worst points in the coolie system, and would mend them, he was quite satisfied.\n\nExamination continued—Some three men had returned to the barracoons from the Hospital. Touching the deceased, he said that when he came to Hospital, he complained of a pain in his side, but being a Chinchew man, he could understand nothing further. The deceased was put in a room, but did not have a Doctor. The man who brought him to the Hospital used to come with medicine until the ship sailed, and then no more was brought by that man. After that, another man came and looked at him, and on being asked, said that the first man (bearer) had gone away in the ship. He (witness) then supplied deceased with congee and tea. If it happened that any morning deceased's friend did not come, he supplied him with tea and congee when he (deceased) required it. Deceased's friend used to come and look at him two or three times a day. The second man came twice, but he had not come up to Court to-day.\n\nA man was here brought in, but witness said he was not the second man who had been to see deceased.\n\nFurther examined. It was four or five days since he had seen the second man, and since that time, the deceased had been dependent on the people in the \"Yee-tsze\" for everything. He had not given deceased any medicine or sent for a doctor, but a person from the emigration house came frequently to see deceased.\n\n(The witness being an old man and seeming nervous was desired by the coroner to sit down, which he did with a long sigh, saying “Oh, what a deal of business there is.\")\n\nThe coroner desired the old fellow to be told, the reason why there was a deal of business was on account of Englishmen setting more value on life than Chinese.\n\nThe witness was pressed very much to tell why, if the deceased was under his care for the last four or five days, that he was allowed to become so filthy.\n\nWitness said that the deceased could not drink tea, so it was not considered worth while to take any trouble with him. He got his living by looking after the temple, and selling Joss-paper, sticking plaster, &c. He also depended on charity. It was his duty to clean the temple, boil tea, &c.\n\nThe Coroner said the system seemed to be that if a man could drink tea, he got it; if not, no more trouble was taken with him.\n\nWitness, in answer to the Coroner, said the reason why the place was cleaned the other day was because the Registrar-General came there and \"held his nose\" (much laughter).\n\nThe Coroner remarked: \"that then was the test of the cleanliness of the Hospital: when the Registrar-General came there and held his nose, the 'Yee-tsze' was cleaned out.\" (Laughter.) Witness then added, \"No persons are sent to the Hospital, but those of whose recovery there is no hope.\"\n\nThe Coroner said that was what he expected, exactly.\n\nThe witness said it was the friends' duty to attend their sick relations, and if they did not come, he sent for them. The coffins; a man named Su-a-sing supplied them, but that was only an act of charity and exercised when the many coffins given by kind people are exhausted. He could not say how many persons were buried from the \"Yee-tsze\" during last month, on account of the friends coming and taking the bodies away, which they can do without telling him anything about it. He did not know how many admissions there were last month.\n\nBy the Coroner—Taking one year with another, have there been more or less patients this last twelve months than the preceding?\n\nWitness replied, \"How could he recollect what took place in a year if he could not recollect what took place in a month?\" (Laughter). However, after some time, he said that there were \"more lately.\"\n\nIn answer to Mr. Lister, he said that he had before had as many as nine men in Hospital, but sometimes there were none for twenty days in the place. He had seen the Inspector of nuisances come and look about; sometimes he came once a month and sometimes twice in a month, but he had never seen the Inspector go into the rooms.\n\nPage 164\n\nDaily Press of 26th April, 1867.",
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    {
        "id": 282360,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-145 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1870 [6-9]",
        "page_number": 487,
        "title": "CO129-145 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1870 [6-9]",
        "content_text": "479\n\nAn irregular fringe surrounded the boiling mass of water; the spray in many instances went up sheer forty or fifty feet on the houses fronting the Praya; and the wild, crest-ed breakers bore possibly a wilder appearance than they have assumed for very many years.\n\nFrom the direction of the wind and other indications familiar to the nautical observer, it is presumed that the typhoon now honoring us with a call sprung into existence somewhere on the Coast of Japan. Being of enormous calibre and travelling very slowly, it made its way southward to the eastward of Formosa and entered the China seas through the Bashoe Channel. The course it was taking would have brought the centre nearly directly over Hongkong, but it is supposed that, impinging on Formosa, it received a cant which threw it out of its direct course, and fortunately for us, it passed to the eastward, though quite close enough to be pleasant.\n\nMr Hook's cargo boats rode out the gale hopefully in the earlier part of the day; but as the gale rose to its greatest height, masts were cut away, and at last they got adrift onto the Bund. The scene at this stage was a most exciting one. A crowd of residents, a number of soldiers, and a few policemen had assembled opposite Messrs Smith Archer's building to assist in getting ashore the crews of these unwieldy craft. By means of ropes and other appliances, all were landed from one boat; and during this difficult task, one of the 75th men fell or was swept amongst the debris close to the sea wall. Amongst the blinding spray, the poor fellow was rescued from what must have been a certain death, amid the general plaudits and congratulations of the assembled crowd. The soldiers, police, and residents worked at this stage with a right good will and were amply rewarded for their heavy drenching by the salvage of a goodly number of native men and women. It was curious to note the strong desire evinced by the natives to salve their goods and chattels; and one female refused to leave the boat until a resolute boatman got back and fetched her away in a very plucky manner.\n\nAbout three o'clock, the squalls appeared to lose in violence; but as the table given below will show, the barometer still continued to fall:-\n\n| Date | Time | Barometer |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Sept. 26 | 9 a.m. | 29.06 |\n|  | 2 p.m. | 29.39 |\n|  | 3 p.m. | 29.35 |\n|  | 4 p.m. | 29.33 |\n|  | 7.5 | 29.23 |\n|  | 8 | 29.25 |\n|  | 9 | 29.25 |\n|  | 10 | 29.23 |\n|  | 11 | 29.17 |\n|  | 12 m. | 29.08 |\n|  | 1 p.m. | 29.07 |\n|  | 2 | 29.05 |\n|  | 3 | 29.04 |\n|  | 3 | 29.00 |\n\nThe lull was only the usual precursor of a change of wind and indicated that the centre of the storm was in our immediate vicinity. About 4:30, the gale recommenced, the wind coming heavily and steadily from E.S.E.; the glass has (as we go to press) evidently reached its lowest point - marking 29 on Falconer's standard glass - and shows symptoms of a rise. The height of the gale, therefore, has yet to come.\n\nThe Praya Wall, from Lane Crawford and Co's to the extreme west, is a mass of ruins; in some places cavities have been eaten out to the depth of from four to eight feet. To the westward of the Harbor Master's Office, great damage has been done both on shore and afloat. The streets are strewn with tiles, and a large number of Chinchew and coasting junks are piled upon the rocky beach outside the Bund.\n\nThe trees near the German Club have been dismembered, and others elsewhere have been torn up by the roots. The Public Gardens have been slightly damaged, and several trees on the Parade Ground and at Fedder's Wharf have also been broken or blown down.\n\nThrough the courtesy of the Police, we are informed that no telegrams of particular damage at the outstations have been received at the Central Station.\n\nThe damage to the Foreign shipping is inconsiderable, but the native craft have suffered severely. The greater part of the damage done was between the P. & O. Godowns and the Gas Works, where the sunken and disabled craft are numerous. The loss of life, though considerable, bears a small proportion to the number of lives in actual jeopardy. The wrecks of Chinchew junks and Macao and Canton Passage boats, many of them laden with valuable cargo, which strew the shore at the Westward, are painful to witness.\n\nMessrs Hook and Sons lost seven Cargo boats (six on this side and one at Kowloon) valued at about $9,000. The yacht Nemea was so badly damaged that she is not considered worth repairing. The large guano lighter belonging to Mr Tejerina was driven on the rocks opposite Ordnance Yard and is badly damaged. The schooner Gaviota, belonging to the same owners, was only saved from wreck by sacrificing her masts. The American ship Naples drove from her anchorage athwart the bows of the Colonial steamer Victoria, carrying away the bowsprit of the latter and doing her some other slight damage. The gunboat Bouncer dragged some distance but brought up without damage. The steamer Fizz was in great danger at one time but was saved without injury. The screw of the Delaware fouled with the chain of the Dong Wue and still remains in that condition.\n\nThe steamer Kinshun left Canton at her usual hour yesterday morning (26), but the wind rising rapidly and the glass falling, her commander judged it more prudent to run in at anchor under shelter, which he did at Chun Pih, where she lay until 6 this morning (27), when steam was got up, and she arrived at her wharf at 11:30 of that forenoon. No damage of any great amount was...",
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    {
        "id": 290717,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-162 - Sir Kennedy - 1873 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 358,
        "title": "CO129-162 - Sir Kennedy - 1873 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "how each time. The \n\nAvas \n\ndocked \n\nat Amay for eight days after which \n\nshe took in a cargo \n\nof flooring tiles, crockery \n\nand ...  forward to about 20 days \n\nafter she had left the dock, the \n\nBritish steamer ... \n\nCame \n\n... bound and measured her: spaces \n\nwere made ready in the \"tween deck for passengers, who came on board a few days afterward, numbering about 370, she went outside the harbor and anchored at Amay ... for about ... day, at this place a large ... \n\nnumber of passengers ... about 400 ... 300. We then sailed ... \n\nfor Singapore. \n\nIt was in the march of October last, the Ship: ... 352 ... found to be leaky and shipped much water, the pumps were then continually kept going, \n\nThere was no favorable northerly breeze, but the heavy sea was ...  we sighted though long; the ... wind still working ... at the pumps, passengers suffering. The Chinchew then told the Captain to ... Hungt long, but he declined saying he would be able to get to Singapore in 6 days. After losing sight of ... tengt long the ship began to sink and ... \n\nof the morning of the following day she went down. The previous night the ... lieutenant ordered ...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-162 - Sir Kennedy - 1873 [1-3].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 300955,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-179 - Governor Hennessy - 1877 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 83,
        "title": "CO129-179 - Governor Hennessy - 1877 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "76.\n\nthe Allied Commission during the occupation of Canton.\n\na\n\nDW. Bedell speaks Punité and Southern Mandarin. I consider him a really good interpreter. He is a man of ability and grasps quickly the points of CARE, and experience here is most useful.\n\nThe 1st Chinese Interpreter is thoroughly conscientious. I look upon him as a forcible and thorough interpreter.\n\nThe 3rd Choice Interpreter ...B Mr. Li Hong. He is on leave on a grant of $40 per month. He has been here a short time, but is a useful man. He speaks Punti, Hakka, Chinchew, and Tokien dialects as well as Malay. His English is better than his Chinese, but he is improving in the latter. Owing to his early bringing up among foreigners, I found that he had a loose way of interpreting which was calculated to lead to error, but by careful watching, I have got him to understand the great importance of accuracy, and I consider him now a fair interpreter.\n\nThe post of 3rd Interpreter is vacant at present.\n\nThe Portuguese Interpreter is also an assistant European clerk. He is much more useful as a clerk than as an interpreter. In any heavy case requiring ability, and steady...",
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    },
    {
        "id": 325162,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-215 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 422,
        "title": "CO129-215 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "# Enclosure\n\n## INTERESTING MEMORIAL FROM THE TSUNG-LI YAMEN ON COAST DEFENCE.\n\nThe following translation of a memorial from the Tsung-li Yamen on the pressing necessity of coast defence and the need of quieting the dangers near at hand so as to guard well against those in the future is made by the N. C. Herald :\n\nThe Franco-Annamese question is somewhat different from the former Russian difficulty. Whether it is decided to preserve peace or to declare war; to act on the offensive or defensive, the dangers on the south-west will ever remain unchanged. When a foreign invasion is imminent, coast defence must not be for a moment forgotten. Annam and Kuangtung are connected with each other both by land and water, and troops have been ordered thither to guard (against any attack from the enemy). Military reports are now awaited from Peng Yu-lin and Chang Shu-sheng, and plans will be devised upon consulting them.\n\nBut let a review of the coast be taken. The Pai-yang (Northern Ocean) defence embraces Taku and Pei-tang and slightly watches over Lü Shan (Port Arthur); but the protection of Teng-lai is nil. The Nan-yang (Southern Ocean) defence includes the river and the sea with Kiang Yin as the strategical point, and guards Su Tai. As to Teng-lai, Ting Pao-chên in his Memorial considered Tengchow, Chefoo, and Wei-hai-wei as the essential points to be defended. The Governor of the Province (Shantung) however had erected only five forts in and near Teng Shêu Kau which are insufficient to well protect the coast.\n\nThe 800 marines under the Superintendence of the same Governor had been transferred by Li Hung-chang to the gunboats Chao-yung and Yang-wei of the Pei-yang squadron and whatever guns there are of the old pattern. When Wu Chang-ch'ing was instructed to organize the defence of that province, he had only a short time to act in and did not accomplish much. Now the inundation has come; our army and our funds are only capable of dealing with one point at a time and not sufficient to defend all the points at once.\n\nOur Yamen has repeatedly been devising plans and methods of defence on behalf of that province. It is not necessary to increase the garrison of Tengchow, as there is a chên tai stationed there. Wei-hai-wei from its natural advantages is very defensible. But Chefoo with its broad expanse of sea, and level sandy coast, a haven for merchant vessels, has ever been exposed to and sought after by foreign vessels, and therefore a heavy garrison is needed for its protection.\n\nAs Wu Ta-ch'êng watches over Lan-lo and Wu Chang-ch'ing is placed in Korea, they cannot be spared from their posts. The Throne is petitioned to instruct the Pei-yang Superintendent to select an able commander who will take with him trained soldiers from four to six camps and hold Chefoo. When Chefoo is secure, then both Lü Shan and Ka Tang will be safe.\n\nThe most important of the coast defence undertaken by Tso Tsung-tang is Po-mao Shan. The strait of Po-mao is situated 70 li east of the Chou Chi mouth and is the receptacle of the sea-flowing rivers of Soochow and Changchow. In the time of the Ming dynasty alarms were communicated by means of smoke signals at Po-mao to warn the people of a Japanese invasion.\n\nThe sea outside the strait is broad, and steamers pass and re-pass in it. The natural dangers of the place can be judiciously employed to make its defence effectual. The sea ports of Liu Ho, Ta-chien Fou, Hsü-liu Ching and others, through which the Capital of Kiangsu can be reached, are away from the Metropolitan city over a hundred li and are nevertheless to be defended.\n\nTsung-ming, an isolated island in the sea, relies solely on the chên-piao who commands but a weak garrison. If an alarm of war is sounded the isle is difficult for reinforcements to reach; every precaution for protecting the place should then be prepared beforehand.\n\nThe organization of the fishing brigade in the southern provinces is indeed an admirable idea; it prevents spies in the inland waters and can assist in harassing the enemy along the sea-coast. But fishing brigades may only be able to protect the people (in cases of need); they are of no avail in a battle.\n\nThe defence of Kiangsu needs more funds than can be spared; and if a tax is collected and militia instituted, people will ever be kept in a state of alarm and doubt. Therefore the Throne is petitioned to command the Fatai of Kiangsu, under the head of Winter Defence, to pick able-bodied men from the six or seven districts along the coast and class them in divisions of 300 each.\n\nThey are to be given rifles and ammunition and trained stuff year from three to five months in winter and spring; they will be able to handle their arms well and be thoroughly disciplined in that time. In peace they may detain and arrest salt-smugglers; in war they can patrol the sea-ports. In carrying this plan into execution, the funds will not be wasted, people will not be disturbed, and the many districts close to each other will rest in security.\n\nThe salt smugglers along the shores of the T'ai Hu who appear and disappear at intervals are doing a great deal of harm to the community and interfere with the organization of coast defence. It is imperative to crush any rebellious project on their part in the bud; then no danger will be apprehended from them at the rear when fighting an enemy in front.\n\nLet the Throne instruct the Fatai of the province to collect volunteer boats that they may capture these desperadoes and change them into loyal subjects; then land, sea, and lakes, (freed of them) may become tranquil.\n\nThe coast of the Min province is washed by the Che-yang (Chêkiang Ocean) and at the furthest end by the Canton sea. The government of this province requires an able official as the ever vigilant watching (for an opportunity to attack China) must be guarded against.\n\nIf the high authorities of the province consider tranquillity, and able rule, and not intent on devising plans for defence, at the first stir of the ocean's waves (war) Formosa, Peng-hu, and Amoy will be untenable. It is prayed that the Throne will bestow some thought on the province of Min either in appointing some able officials or decreeing some old generals to govern and protect it.\n\nThe isolated isle of Ting-hai, the port of Cha-pu, Ningpo, and Chou-shan in the province must be placed under the strictest surveillance. Some time ago a Decree was promulgated ordering Lin Ping-chang to take charge of the coast defence, who from his experience in war affairs will be able to bring it to an effectual state, and Your Majesties may rest at ease on that point.\n\nAnother matter, however, must be brought to the Imperial notice. The coast defence was instituted about ten years ago; the money expended on purchasing guns and ships amounted to tens of millions, and yet in case of war nothing can be relied on; the preparation for defence against Russian invasion cost the outlay over ten millions, and still the coasts are in a disorderly state.\n\nThe provincial authorities shirk their responsibility by complaining of the niggardliness of the Boards, while the officials of the Boards in turn fail in their duty by charging the provincial authorities with indulging in extravagant expenses. The dilly-dallying, the waste of time and opportunity, are all due to the faults of our Yamen.\n\nEven if the judgment of not censuring us, we cannot fool ourselves on the question of coast defence. The Yamen considers the protection of trade and defence of the coast to be two points of essential importance. The coast defence being in an unworthy state, it is not likely that trade will flourish.\n\nFrom this time forward let the coast defence be ever kept up in an efficient condition. The preparation which exists against the threats of the French today will be improved upon for defending the coast in the future. After receiving a Decree in reply to this Memorial, our Yamen will diligently study the naturally defensible points of the coast and the new invention of foreign gunboats, consulting with the Board of Revenue with regard to funds, with the Board of War in regard to tactics and military affairs, and with provincial authorities on procuring able commanders.\n\nWhen the country can remain at peace (without dishonour) or go to war (with confidence) then our reputation for being powerful will be established, and rebellious projects will be stifled. When preparation (for coast defence) begins, then danger ceases.\n\nPage 333\n\n**An unpublished decree from the Empress is also sent to us, but it contains nothing of importance beyond an expression of opinion on the part of Her Majesty that the schemes of the French are \"wily and insatiable.\"—ED.**\n\nPage 420",
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    {
        "id": 325620,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-216 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [5-6]",
        "page_number": 209,
        "title": "CO129-216 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [5-6]",
        "content_text": "IN THE POLICE COURT OF HONGKONG.\n\nWARRANT OF APPREHENSION OF FUGITIVE CRIMINAL.\n\nBY ORDER OF HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR.\n\nHONGKONG\n\nTO WIT.\n\nTo all and each of the Constables of the Hongkong Police Force.\n\nWhereas a communication by an Officer of the Chinese Government has been forwarded to me desiring the arrest of Young Ah Fong, Chinese subject and now within the Colony of Hongkong and alleging that the said person has committed crimes against the laws of China, to wit, the crime of murder and cutting and wounding Chin Ah Luk within the Jurisdiction of Chinchew.\n\nThis is therefore to command you in Her Majesty's name forthwith to apprehend the said Young Ah Fong whenever or wherever he may be found in the Colony of Hongkong or the waters thereof, and bring him before me or some other Magistrate sitting in this Court, to be dealt with according to law under the provisions of Ordinance No. 2 of 1850.\n\nGiven under my hand and seal at the Police Court of Hongkong, this 8th day of December 1883.\n\n(Sgd.) NG. Thomell\n\nActing Police Magistrate.\n\nPage 208\n\nI certify that by Virtue of the within warrant I arrested the within named Young Ah Fong this day.\n\nHongkong\n\n10th December 1883\n\n(Sgd.) J. Juncey\n\nInspector of Police\n\nWrit No. 3728\n\nNo: 9. C.O. 11029 SECR\n\nAREG30IU?q\n\n \n(529) 85. Juncey Suspector of Polic\n\n(0.91.)",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-216 - Governor Sir Bowen - 1884 [5-6].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 326450,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-217 - Governor Sir Bowen Administrator Marsh - 1884 [7-10]",
        "page_number": 485,
        "title": "CO129-217 - Governor Sir Bowen Administrator Marsh - 1884 [7-10]",
        "content_text": "431 \n\nHere. The Imperial Commissioner arrived here last year, and having heard that there were many bad characters in Hongkong, he was afraid they might help the French, and wanted them to leave. He asked Ah Fong and Ayik if they knew of anyone who could assist the Chinese Government. They said they did, and accordingly engaged three men belonging to the Triad Society - Isoi Man-hang, Yau Put-in, and Li A-ún, nicknamed Ngau nga-ún. There were also ten others whose names I do not know. The Commissioner asked them how many men they could collect in case of war. They said 100,000 from different parts. The Commissioner also asked them if they could devise any means of destroying French ironclads in Hongkong. They said they would, and would be able to destroy not one but ten. The Commissioner gave them $500, and told them to go to Hongkong to commence operations, offering them a reward of $100,000 for every vessel they destroyed and promising to make them mandarins of the 3rd Class. Small Chinchew boats were employed to go near the French vessels to see if...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-217 - Governor Sir Bowen Administrator Marsh - 1884 [7-10].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 367415,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-284 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [7-8]",
        "page_number": 303,
        "title": "CO129-284 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [7-8]",
        "content_text": "# ENCLOSURE\n\n## I.G. of Customs\n\nPeking, 27th June, 1898\n\nSir,\n\nI have the honour to acknowledge receipt of Your Excellency's despatch of 24th June informing me that you have received a communication from Her Majesty's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs asking you, in view of the recent leasing to Great Britain of part of Kowloon peninsula and the adjacent islands, what arrangements the Imperial Maritime Customs of China would propose and where stations would be placed and, in reply, to state in the following numbered paragraphs what in my opinion will be necessary in and around Hong-Kong and its new territory to safeguard the revenue interests of China, a task which will be made in consequence of the increased area to be looked after, both onerous and expensive.\n\nThe proposals are made in the belief that Her Majesty's Government desire to give China liberal and sustained support in the protection of her revenue in that neighbourhood.\n\n1st. The right of the Chinese Customs to maintain its office in Hong-Kong, where it is now only unofficially acknowledged, ought to be formally admitted and the status of the Commissioner of Customs as a Chinese Official recognised. The existing sub-stations at Changchow, Capsuimoon, Laicheekok, & Fotochow ought to be maintained as at present, although...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-284 - Acting Governor Major Gen Black - 1898 [7-8].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 369156,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-287 - Public Offices & Others - 1898",
        "page_number": 332,
        "title": "CO129-287 - Public Offices & Others - 1898",
        "content_text": "323\n\nthat Her Majesty's Government desire to give China liberal and sustained support in the protection of her revenue in that neighbourhood:\n\n(I) The right of the Chinese Customs to maintain its office in Hong Kong, where it is now only unofficially acknowledged, ought to be formally admitted and the status of the Commissioner of Customs as a Chinese official recognized. The existing substations at Changchow, Capsuimoon, Lai-chee-Rok, and Fotochow ought to be maintained as at present although they are in the leased territory. If it should be found that other stations are required they may be instituted.\n\n(II) The Chinese Customs at Hong Kong shall have the right there to collect duty and likin on any opium and similarly dues and duties on general cargo shipped on any native vessel to or from China. The Customs ought also to have the right to one or more special jetties in proximity to junk anchorages at which cargo may be examined and verified.\n\n(III) The Chinese Customs cruisers and launches may continue to exercise their functions within the waters of the leased territory.\n\n(IV) No opium raw or boiled shall be landed or stored, taken delivery of or shipped in Hong Kong, British Kowloon, or any of the leased territory without a permit to be issued by a Colonial Authority. Opium moved without permit or found anywhere or in any quantity in contravention of Colonial Ordinance shall be confiscated.\n\n(V) The Opium Farm, i.e., an official establishment with an exclusive right to retail (only boiled) opium, shall be maintained and the Ordinances Nos. 22 of 1887 and 21 of 1891, concerning opium movement, &c., shall be confirmed and amended to meet new circumstances and to make good those points on which they are insufficient.\n\nThe boiling establishments of the Farm, its retailing shops, and its books and accounts shall be open at any time to the inspection of an officer of the Customs to be verified.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-287 - Public Offices & Others - 1898.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 373902,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-294 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 632,
        "title": "CO129-294 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "Enclosure in no. \n\nC.O. \n\n4031\n\ntrol 5 FEB CO \n\n> \n\nROUGH ESTIMATE of the value of buildings in the \n\nNew Territory evacuated by the \n\nChinese Imperial Customs. \n\n  \n    Cap Shui Moon\n    100x80x30-\n    240000, at 4 cents-\n    $9600\n  \n  \n    Fotchow\n    80x40x50 ie 96000,\n    ditto\n    $3840\n  \n  \n    Changchow\n    6000x15 ie 90000,\n    at 2 cents\n    $1800\n  \n  \n    Kowloon City\n    50x40x30 ie 60000\n    at 4 cents\n    $2400\n  \n  \n    Shanshuipo\n    30x40x50 ie 36000\n    ditto\n    $1440\n  \n  \n    Shatin\n    \n    \n    $100\n  \n  \n    Kanpuishek\n    \n    \n    $1000\n  \n  \n    Cheungshawan (matshed)\n    \n    \n    $100\n  \n  \n    Laichikok\n    \n    \n    $1000\n  \n  \n    Nganshiwan (matshed)\n    \n    \n    $100\n  \n  \n    Chinlaushu\n    40x20x15 ie 18000\n    at 4 cents\n    $480\n  \n  \n    Mayautang (matshed)\n    \n    \n    $100\n  \n  \n    Total\n    \n    \n    $21960\n  \n\n3\n\n629",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-294 - Governor Sir Blake - 1899 [10-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 374225,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-295 - Public Offices - 1899",
        "page_number": 298,
        "title": "CO129-295 - Public Offices - 1899",
        "content_text": "On the other side Peking has informed us on April 8 that Consulships tell R. Hart wishes to inform you that though former negotiations with Hongkong were unfavourable to opinions nevertheless the stations on the islands (near Hong Kong) collect large revenues in general merchandise & their sudden withdrawal will seriously affect financial loans and cause financial embarrassment.\n\nThe stations at Changchow and Fotowchow are on the island about 5 miles away from Hong Kong. It hopes that H.M.G. will see fit to allow these stations to function there until October next, by which time it expects to have new stations built and the telegraph service reorganised.\n\nGR8814",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-295 - Public Offices - 1899.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 376129,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-298 - Governor Sir Blake Administrator Major Gen Gascoigne - 1900 [3-4]",
        "page_number": 331,
        "title": "CO129-298 - Governor Sir Blake Administrator Major Gen Gascoigne - 1900 [3-4]",
        "content_text": "330 \n\ni \n\n3765 \n\ngenerally into the system of interpretation in the Courts and \nother Government Departments. The report furnished by this \nCommittee induced the Government to take further measures to encourage proficiency in Chinese among Public Servants, and in \n1889 regulations were made which had for their object a general \nincrease of the knowledge of Chinese in the Public Service \nand the provision of European Interpreters for the Law Courts. \nUnder the latter regulation, the services of one European with a \nknowledge of the Chinchew dialect have been obtained for the \nMagistracy, and two student-interpreters are now approaching \nthe completion of a course of study of Cantonese. Under the \nformer regulations, only one European other than a Police Officer \nhas qualified for an allowance, whilst as regards the Police \nForce, although every facility to learn Chinese has been given, \nthe inducements offered under the regulations were not found \nstrong enough, and last year the allowances made for a knowledge \nof the language were increased. \n\n3. Each of the members of the present Committee \nis well acquainted with one or other phase of the subject, and \nno evidence has therefore been called. Heads of Departments, \nhowever, have been invited to give us their views, and we are \nindebted",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-298 - Governor Sir Blake Administrator Major Gen Gascoigne - 1900 [3-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 394681,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "page_number": 18,
        "title": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "content_text": "Six months after the exchange of ratifications China will open Ch'angsha to foreign trade, on the same footing as that on which existing Treaty ports were opened. On the exchange of ratifications taking place, China will herself open to foreign trade Moukden and Ta-tung-kou.\n\nArt. XI corresponds with Article XII of the British Treaty.\n\nArt. XII is an interpretation clause, and Article XIII provides for ratification as soon as possible, but under no circumstances must it be delayed beyond a period of six months from date of signature.\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\nCHINA TRADE.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nNo. 1.\n\n16\n\n[December 7.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n(No. 15.) Sir,\n\nI have, &c. (Signed)\n\nJ. W. JAMIESON,\n\nCommercial Attaché.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nMr. Jamieson to Sir E. Satow.\n\nShanghae, October 13, 1903. IN continuation of my despatch No. 14 of yesterday's date on the subject of the new Japanese Treaty, I have now the honour to furnish a précis of the Annexes to that Instrument.\n\nI am given to understand that, so far, only the Chinese and Japanese texts of the whole Treaty have been signed, but that the English version, which, in cases of dispute, is to be held to give the correct sense, is not yet ready for signature.\n\nAnnex 1 recapitulates the Inland Waters Steam Navigation Rules, as appended to the British Treaty.\n\nAnnex 2 deals with the opening of Peking to trade when the foreign guards shall have been withdrawn. A suitable locality outside of the Imperial city is to be chosen, within the limits of which traders of all nationalities may erect shops and go-downs. It shall not be competent for them to organize a municipality or a police force, except with the consent of the Chinese Government, who reserve to themselves the rights of control within those limits. Any previously existing establishments outside of the limits must, within a given time, transfer themselves to the new locality.\n\nAnnex 3 consists of an exchange of notes regarding steam vessels trading on the inland waters. Certain characters have been left blank, and it is difficult to deduce the correct sense.\n\nThere appears, however, to be a restriction in the matter of tonnage, from which seventeen vessels trading in the Gulf of Pechili are exempt.\n\nAnnex 4 states that, in addition to the places mentioned in the body of the Treaty, China will, later on, open to foreign residence and trade Ch'ang-te (Hunan), Hu-k'ou (Kianghsi), Nganking (Anhui), Hsü-chou (Ssu-ch'uan).\n\nIn Annex 5 China agrees to relax her prohibition against the export abroad of cereals, on due official representation being made that there is a scarcity of food-stuffs in Japan.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nJ. W. JAMIESON,\n\nCommercial Attaché.\n\nSir E. Satow to the Marquess of Lansdowne. (Received December 7.)\n\n(No. 352.)\n\nPeking, October 17, 1903. My Lord,\n\nWITH reference to your Lordship's telegram No. 242 of the 2nd October of last year, and to previous correspondence, on the subject of the establishment by the Chinese Government of a camphor monopoly in the Province of Fukien, I have the honour to transmit herewith a copy of a despatch from His Majesty's Consul at Amoy reporting certain action taken by the local authorities in support of the monopoly.\n\nA copy of a note to the Chinese Government, which I addressed to them on receipt of Mr. Hausser's despatch, is likewise inclosed.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed)\n\nERNEST SATOW.\n\n(No. 10.) Sir,\n\n44\n\nInclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nConsul Hausser to Sir E. Satow.\n\nSeptember 23, 1903. WITH reference to former correspondence on the subject of the establishment of a Government camphor monopoly in this province, I had the honour to forward with my despatch No. 20 of the 14th November, 1902, copy and translation of certain additional \"Regulations for Private Camphor Stills\" recently published by the Amoy Taotai. On the 26th January last I further reported that the Taotai had received no instructions from the Wai Wu Pu in the sense indicated in your despatch No. 9 of the 28th October, but that no attempt was for the present being made to enforce the Regulations above referred to. Since then Messrs. Butterfield and Swire and other British firms have openly purchased from the native producer in the interior, and have brought down to Amoy under transit pass, sundry small consignments of camphor, without experiencing any trouble whatever.\n\nOn the 28th July, however, Messrs. Butterfield and Swire reported that on the 21st their agent's office at Chang Ping was entered by a Chinese official and ten soldiers, who ordered our people to leave the place, giving as their reason that the camphor business belonged to the Government, and that we had no right to embark in it. Our staff, however, refused to leave the premises, and the soldiers withdrew. I accordingly wrote to the Changchow Taotai protesting against such molestation, and no further annoyance was experienced for the time being.\n\nOn the 12th instant Messrs. Butterfield and Swire had again to complain that on the 19th July a gang of policemen, under orders from the Lien Cheng District Magistrate, had arrested two of the workmen employed by them, and seized 230 catties of camphor, on the ground that camphor was a Government monopoly, and that Messrs. Butterfield and Swire had no right to deal in it. Details were wanting, and therefore, whilst reporting the case with all reserve, Messrs. Butterfield and Swire asked that no steps be taken in the matter for the present. On the 15th instant they wrote giving further particulars, to the effect that one of their camphor men, named Su Chun, or Su Ting Kit, who had just returned to Amoy for the purpose of getting from Messrs. Butterfield and Swire some more funds, had been arrested by the Amoy police, at the request of the Lien Cheng Magistrate, on a charge of unlawfully engaging in the camphor trade. On the 16th they wrote stating that the man had been sent up by them with instructions to buy and (or) prepare camphor, and send same down to Amoy on their account; that they were not aware of any Regulations whatever to prevent their employé—a Chinese subject—from preparing camphor, but in any case would hold themselves responsible for ...\n\n[2250 g-1]\n\nB",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904.txt",
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    {
        "id": 394682,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "page_number": 19,
        "title": "CO129-326 - Foreign Office - 1904",
        "content_text": "their action in the matter; and they protested against the wrongful arrest of their servant. They added that since writing the above they had received a letter from their agent at Chang Ping, to the effect that on the 11th instant a Japanese went to the village of Hsiao Hu She, where the villagers were preparing camphor for their Chang Ping agent, and, after telling them that no persons but the Japanese himself were allowed to make camphor, took away from them about twenty-three catties of camphor oil and about eighty catties of camphor. This village is about 20 li from Chang Ping. The following night the Japanese visited their agent at Chang Ping, and seized from him eleven cases of camphor oil and one case of camphor, \"which were already in a boat engaged by our agent to bring the camphor down to us, and which were our own property.\"\n\nI had previously received, on the 14th September, a letter from the Taotai, stating that he was informed there were a number of \"hongs\" in the interior displaying foreign \"hong\" names, and that some of these had erected stills for the illicit preparation of camphor. He accordingly requested me to strictly prohibit all such proceedings as contrary to Treaty. On the following day (the 15th September) I received a further despatch from him, of which I inclose copy and translation, together with copy and translation of my reply. At the same time I wrote to the Amoy Sub-Prefect, who had arrested Messrs. Butterfield and Swire's employé, inclosing copy of my despatch to the Taotai.\n\nI am\n\nFrom the foregoing it seems that the Taotai proposes to enforce as far as possible the prohibitions and penalties set forth in his former Proclamations. The position thus is that, whilst British merchants are nominally at liberty to buy camphor in the interior, possibly if they can, the native producer may in no case sell to them, nor may he prepare or sell camphor on his own account, or to anyone except the native (i.e., Japanese) camphor officials. How far the Taotai has made sure of his ground before venturing on this step I am not in a position to say. As he is throughout acting under the orders of the high authorities at Foochow, any appeal to the latter would certainly be of no effect. I am therefore constrained to lay the facts of the case before you, so that a stop may be put to the present ruinous interference with a new and promising branch of trade.\n\nRegardless of their ostensible functions as technical experts only, the Japanese agents in the interior seem to take upon themselves the duty of perambulating the country in search of so-called illicit stills and seizing foreign-owned property. Messrs. Butterfield and Swire's correspondents report that the camphor districts are full of Japanese, who visit them every three or four days to pick up information. The Chinese local authorities themselves strongly object to these proceedings as sure to entail trouble, but seem quite powerless to prevent them. I am informed that, even when camphor is offered for sale by the native producer to the Government offices, the Japanese experts on the spot invariably refuse to buy it themselves on one pretext or another, at the same time forbidding its sale to any outsider. Their object seems, in fact, to be to extinguish the trade here, with a view to the establishment of a complete monopoly for the Formosan product.\n\nSu Ting Kit, the man arrested, has been employed by Messrs. Butterfield and Swire since the 27th May last, his pay being 30 dollars a month. He is a native of Formosa, and being an expert in the preparation of camphor, was previously in the employ of the Japanese Syndicate here. His arrest by order of the Taotai, though nominally at the request of the Lien Cheng Magistrate, is undoubtedly at the instance of the Japanese Consul, who has at the same time preferred a further charge against him of being indebted to certain Japanese subjects.\n\nThis man has been employed by Messrs. Butterfield and Swire to buy the trees from the owner in the interior, and the local workmen under him make the camphor themselves on the spot, the prepared article being then sent down to Amoy under transit pass. Work has thus been carried on at six different places, all within the jurisdiction of the Changchow Taotai, and, in the case of Lien Ch'eng, certainly with the approval of the local Magistrate.\n\nIn all, three consignments, totalling thirty-two cases camphor and eighty tins camphor oil, have thus been prepared and sent down to Messrs. Butterfield and Swire since the 1st January last, but since Su Ting Kit's arrest the workmen at Chang P'ing and Lien Ch'eng have ceased work, being afraid to continue with the prospect of summary arrest. At the other places there has presumably been no molestation so far, no news from them having come to hand.\n\nUnder these circumstances it appears to me that Messrs. Butterfield and Swire have in no way exceeded their Treaty rights, and that they are quite justified in making their\n\n3\n\n17\n\nown arrangement, as above described, to procure whatever camphor they may require, independently, and free from all restrictions.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed)\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nTaotai Yen Nien to Consul Hausser.\n\nP. F. HAUSSER.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nAmoy, September 15, 1903. Sir,\n\nI HAVE the honour to inform you that on the 3rd instant I received a letter from Yao Shou Ku, Magistrate of the Lien Ch'eng district, and Pao Kang, Manager of the branch office of the Government Camphor Bureau, to the following effect:--\n\n\"On the 22nd July last, Pao Kang arrested two workmen engaged in preparing camphor, by name, Su Yu and Li Hsin Chih, who declared that the business was under the control of Su Ting Chieh, and that they were merely working under his orders. The prisoners were forwarded to the Magistrate's Yamên to await their trial, and on the 25th July the case was reported to your Excellency, with a request that your Excellency would give orders for the arrest of Su Ting Chieh and Weng Wen Ch'uan, who were in Amoy.\n\n\"We subsequently heard that Su Ting Chieh had secretly returned to Shan Hsia Hsu, in the Lien Cheng district, and we accordingly sent to arrest him. He, however, spoke in a very arrogant manner, declared that he was collecting and preparing the camphor entirely for Messrs. Butterfield and Swire, of Amoy, who had appointed him their agent for the purpose, that the British Consul would be coming there shortly, and that they had better take exceedingly good care of the two men in prison. He had further put up a flag over his doorway, bearing the inscription in Chinese, 'Camphor godown of Butterfield and Swire, British firm, Amoy;' but he did not produce any licence for inspection. The Yamên runners, seeing that he had a number of men with him, did not venture to arrest him.\n\n\"On this being reported to us, we referred to the Regulations in the Proclamation formerly issued by your Excellency, and found that they very clearly prohibit the establishment and working of camphor stills in the interior by foreign merchants. Regulation No. 7 states that all camphor-producing and preparing districts being in the interior, any foreign merchants requiring any Government camphor shall be permitted to apply to the Government Bureaux to purchase and take delivery thereof at the price fixed, but may not themselves establish stills inland for the manufacture of camphor, which would constitute a violation of the Treaties.'\n\n\"Regulation No. 8, however, states that foreign merchants may establish camphor factories, and buy camphor, in the Treaty ports without the slightest opposition or hindrance.'\n\n\"In the present instance, even allowing, without examining Su Ting Chieh's statements, that the case really is as he represents, the writers, nevertheless, have their duties to perform as Magistrate and manager respectively, of protecting and supervising the district and the bureaux under their control; and Su Ting Chieh ought to have obtained a permit from ourselves through the British Consul and your Excellency by the usual routine, for presentation to the local authorities, and then he could have been allowed to open his camphor agency where he wished. Whereas he entirely neglects all this customary procedure, and by his pretentious blustering gives strong reason for thinking that his claims to belong to an English firm may be entirely without foundation; and we had therefore intended to punish him forthwith. Seeing, however, that political considerations are involved in the matter, and trouble might result in consequence, we have made a point of laying the facts before your Excellency, and beg that you will ask the British Consul to ascertain definitely, and inform your Excellency accordingly, whether Butterfield and Swire did actually depute Su Ting Chieh to come up here and open this camphor agency, and that your Excellency will inform us of your wishes in the matter.\"\n\nWith reference hereto, I some time ago received a report from the Magistrate to the effect that Su Ting Chieh was still engaged in the illicit preparation of camphor, and I thereupon instructed the Amoy Hai Fang Ting to affect the arrest of Su Ting Chieh, Weng Wen Ch'uan, and Ch'en Hsin Sheng, and to have these three men taken to Lien Ch'eng to be tried and severely punished. Being now in receipt of the letter\n\n[2250 g-1]\n\nB 2",
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    {
        "id": 412062,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "page_number": 562,
        "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "# CHINA TRADE.\n## CONFIDENTIAL.\n\n27519  \n[15.]  \nREG 2, AUG 07 SECTION 1.  \n-560  \n[23391]\n\n**(No. 259.) Sir,**\n\n### No. 1. Sir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received July 15.)\n\nPeking, May 30, 1907.\n\nIN continuation of my despatch No. 212 of the 2nd instant, I have the honour to forward to you herewith a further Memorandum which has been drawn up for me from various reports which I have received from His Majesty's Consuls since that date on the progress of the measures which are being taken in the provinces for the enforcement of the Imperial Regulations against the use of opium.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **J. N. JORDAN**.\n\n## Inclosure in No. 1.\n\n### Memorandum respecting the Enforcement of the Opium Regulations in the Provinces of China.\n\n#### Amoy\n\nTHE local importers of Indian opium are complaining of the proposal to double the tax on foreign opium. They argue that, although the tax on the native drug has been doubled, the sole result is that more and more is smuggled. This evasion of the customs dues is practically impossible so far as foreign opium is concerned, and consequently Indian opium is being ousted by native opium, although the latter appears in but moderate quantities in the official returns. A general impression prevails that while the more important officials certainly seem to be abandoning the consumption of opium, the petty officials still continue as before, possibly exchanging opium for the cheaper drug, morphia.\n\nThe area under poppy cultivation in the Amoy district does not yet show any signs of decrease, actual or impending, though official statistics may show the contrary by classifying under rice or wheat land which is really devoted to the poppy.\n\nA missionary reports from Chinchew that the number of poppy fields in his district is enormous. Giving some particulars as to the individuals who smoke opium, he says that the men far preponderate over women. As to the classes into which the Chinese divide society—gentry, farmers, mechanics, and merchants—the first and last class seem to be more addicted to it than the farmers and mechanics. In some it seems a lack of anything to do to occupy the time, in others plenty of means, in a third class undue fatigue and exertion is the reason for beginning the habit. In a good many the habit is begun to cure some real or imaginary trouble. The number of opium smokers seems to be decreasing, and the present agitation is doubtless having some effect. No local rules or regulations have been issued in Chinchew. Several of the prominent literati have given up the habit, and a large ancestral hall has been opened for its cure. Some literary men come to the missionaries for cure because they propose going to Peking for examination, and hear that the rules in the north are very strict, and no opium smoker will be allowed to enter.\n\nThe attitude of the people generally toward such measures as are proposed to be taken is one of scepticism as to their being actually carried out.\n\n#### Chengtu\n\nThe anti-opium Proclamations have been widely posted, and in some of the larger towns orders have been given for the closing of opium shops and divans within the six months' limit; otherwise the movement appears to have made but little headway. The",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "page_number": 438,
        "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## Chinkiang \n\nAll the opium-smoking establishments in Chinkiang were closed on the 9th August. The proprietors were notified some three weeks previously to present themselves at the Magistrate's yamên to sign bonds for the fulfilment of the enactment. Those who at the time of signing these documents applied for permission to sell prepared opium after the closing of their places to public smoking, for consumption elsewhere, are still allowed to do so. Whether this is to enable them to clear off their remaining stocks, after which no further sales will be permitted, or if this is to continue indefinitely, is not quite clear, as is also the question whether there is a limit to the amount allowed to be sold to any individual purchaser; it appears, however, to be certain that the drug is only to be supplied to known confirmed smokers. This will confine the consumption of the drug to a comparatively small number, while the closing of the establishments to public smoking will prevent many who are now occasional smokers from developing the craving, the seeds of which are often sown by an odd pipe or two taken in good fellowship as a pastime or as a finale to a feast or other such function. Those opium-smoking establishments which omitted to apply for these licences are rigorously forbidden to handle the drug in any way from the 9th August.\n\n## 34\n\nThese Regulations have been very thoroughly carried out under the personal supervision of the Taotai and his staff. On the evening of the 9th August, of five large \"divans\" patronized by the wealthy, and some 300 \"dens\" frequented by the coolie class, not one remained unclosed. In two cases on his inspection the Magistrate found the proprietors of the establishments engaged in smoking. The latter considered that they had sufficiently complied with the Regulations in closing their places to the public, and that they had a right to smoke in their own houses. The Magistrate thought otherwise, and punished one man with 200 blows; the other is now locked up in the yamên. A notice has been posted by one or more of the benevolent Societies offering to purchase at a price all the smoking paraphernalia, pipes, lamps, &c., belonging to the poorer classes of opium \"den\", now valueless owing to the Regulations.\n\nOfficials so much addicted to the drug that they cannot attend to their duties without its stimulus are to take leave of absence until they have broken themselves of the habit, and telegraph and li-kin employés similarly affected are given three months in which to get rid of the craving.\n\nAt Yangchow and Tanyang the same procedure has been followed with equal thoroughness; the same may probably be said of Changchow and the other cities in the limits of the Chinkiang Taotai's jurisdiction.\n\nThere are no opium-smoking places in the Concession, the last having been closed, in 1897. There is one firm engaged in the import of opium, but as the question of the unprepared drug has not yet been raised, there is as yet no need to interfere with their operations. The Chairman of the Municipal Council was duly notified of the Legation wishes on this subject, and expressed his willingness to give effect to them when the time came.\n\nThe question of limitation of opium cultivation has not been touched. In any case it has a purely academic interest as far as this district is concerned, no poppies being grown in Kiangsu south of the river. Hsuchou, in the extreme north of this province, is the chief place of production in the Lower Yang-tsze; the opium industry there is directly under the Provincial Treasurer at Nanking, and the Chinkiang authorities have nothing to do with its administration, and know nothing about it.\n\n## Hangchow\n\nNumerous Proclamations have been issued from time to time in the Chuchow district of the Province of Chekiang. They usually end by the words \"any person not conforming to the above will be severely punished.\" Opium smoking officials have sent to the Governor promising to give up the habit within a limited time. All underlings in the yamêns have been notified that if they do not give up the habit within the time limit they will be dismissed. Numbers of the gentry are said to have given up the habit. Very little poppyland is under cultivation, and cultivation has been forbidden under penalty of a fine. About 7 per cent. of the opium dens and shops have been closed since the issue of the Proclamations. In Chuchow city there are several private manufacturers of medicines all having official encouragement. In the Lanchi district of the same province no Proclamations have been issued, and no official action of any sort taken.\n\n## Hankow\n\n### Honan \n\nA report including nine districts shows that Proclamations have been issued, and that mild action has been taken for the suppression of the opium habit, though there has been no enforced closing of opium dens. In most of these districts there is not much poppy grown, but what there is has continued unchecked, with the exception of one place, where much that had already been planted was rooted up at the suggestion of the officials.\n\nAt another place a Proclamation was issued last year containing the ten Articles, and another this year urging the people to break off the opium habit within six months, and to gradually restrict the poppy area so that it might eventually be reduced to nil. Barely 10 per cent. of the ground is planted with poppy, but beyond the above Proclamations no steps have been taken to reduce even that so cultivated area.\n\nA Proclamation was issued at Yen-ch'eng in March exhorting the people to reduce the cultivation of the poppy and forbidding the secret sale of the drug. Here also about 10 per cent. of the ground is under poppy, but no steps are taken to restrict the area. A few of the trades-people have organized a society agreeing to abstain from the use of the drug, but no such example has been set by the officials.\n\nIn three places embracing practically the whole of Honan north of the Yellow River nothing at all appears to have been done or even attempted.\n\nAt Fu-k'ou-hsien, near Ch'en-chou-fu, a Proclamation was issued in February strictly forbidding the sale and smoking of opium, and this was followed up by the closing of all opium dens and the seizure of persons found smoking in public, one being beaten for this offence. Although the opium dens have been closed the shops continue to sell the drug, but their sign-boards have all been taken down.\n\nThus it appears that throughout the Province of Honan, with the notable exception of Fu-k'ou, no energetic measures have been adopted. The force of the Proclamations which have been widely issued has been largely discounted by the period of ten years given for the eradication of the opium habit, which seems to engender a feeling that there is no hurry. The cultivation of the poppy continues mostly unabated. Restriction on smokers and closing of opium dens and shops is only met with in isolated cases. And the sale of medicine for the cure of the habit is apparently confined to the missionaries, and in some cases to a few private individuals amongst the natives.\n\n## Kansuh \n\nThe report from Lanchou is far from encouraging. With the exception of the issue of three Proclamations, which do not seem to have had any effect, nothing whatever appears to have been done. That from Liang-chou is most discouraging. A Proclamation was indeed issued, but its effect seems to have been to cause the people to make hay while the sun shines in the matter of increasing the cultivation of the poppy now before its cultivation is put a stop to. The fact that there are no opium dens is... \n\nPage 435",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 97,
        "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "2\n\nby exemption certificates while being taken from one Treaty port to another, cannot, according to Treaty, be subjected to any further charges in the nature of li-kin.\n\nThe Board at the same time asked the two Departments above named to examine into the question and take the necessary action. A reply was also requested.\n\nThe reply of the Revenue Council has now been received. They state, in effect, that the practice and rule with regard to foreign goods which have paid import duty, and which are being taken on to another Treaty port, is that an exemption certificate is issued by the Imperial Maritime Customs as a proof that the proper import dues have already been paid, and all customs stations and barriers en route pass the cargo without hindrance on finding it in correspondence with the particulars set forth in the exemption certificate.\n\nWith regard to your Excellency's complaint that the Imperial Maritime Customs refuse to issue certificates, the Revenue Council suppose that this must refer to the exemption certificates above mentioned, and they fully agree that these documents must be issued by the Customs in accordance with the usual rates. But they point out that the conditions of rail-borne and water-borne cargo are not the same, and they have instructed the Acting Inspector-General of Customs to draw up for the Council's consideration stringent Regulations to prevent fraud and smuggling to the detriment of the internal revenue.\n\nThe Board of Communications for their part state in their reply that they have made an arrangement with the Kiangsu Li-kin authorities whereby a reduction from the Tariff charges is made in the li-kin on rail-borne cargo, but the detailed working of this arrangement still necessitates an examination into the conditions at each li-kin office and the elaboration of Regulations. They have, however, now instructed the Director of the railway, Taotai Chung Wen Yao, to continue the discussion of these particulars, and as soon as Mr. Chung sends in his report the Board of Communications will consider it and transmit the Regulations to this Department. They request, in the meantime, that I will reply to your Excellency in the above sense.\n\nI have the honour, therefore, to make this reply to your Excellency, and avail, &c.\n\n(Signed) Prince CHING.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum by Mr. Acheson, Li-kin Commissioner, Imperial Maritime Customs, Soochow.\n\nFOREIGN duty-paid imports to be free to any one of the four Treaty ports, Shanghae, Soochow, Chinkiang, Nanking.\n\nForeign duty-paid imports proceeding from a Treaty port to an inland station to pay one half-duty.\n\nNative goods of all descriptions, with the exception of such as shall have already satisfied a collective li-kin levy, irrespective of their province or ultimate destination, to pay a half-duty for each complete or part section traversed. Thus native goods from, say, Shanghae would pay to Quinsan one half-duty; to Soochow one half-duty; to Wusich two half-duties; to Chinkiang two half-duties; to Lungtan three half-duties; to Nanking three half-duties.\n\nNative goods which have already satisfied a collective li-kin levy to be free.\n\nTransit passes to be recognized in all cases in which they are at present issuable, but the transit fees for goods by rail to be credited to the Railway Li-kin Administration.\n\nAll dues to destination to be collected in one sum at the station of departure, and, with such exceptions as are specified in the following rules, to be assessed in accordance with the Foreign Customs Tariffs.\n\nThe customs rate of assessment on certain large staples of trade, such as grain, to be revised in accord with present prices.\n\nThe present Regulations to be regarded as provisional, and in particular the rates laid down to be open to revision, say, after six months.\n\nSummary of proposed modification of Shanghae-Nanking Railway li-kin as arranged in consultation with the provincial Judge Chu at Nanking:\n\n1. Shanghae, Soochow, Chinkiang, Nanking, are all of them ports for international trade. It is mutually agreed that hereafter foreign imports carried by rail from one of these ports to another shall be dealt with in exact accordance with the Treaties.\n\n2. Foreign imports proceeding inland from an international trading port may pay li-kin or else receive either a half-duty certificate from the Foreign Customs or a quadruplicate Memorandum from the Shanghae branch li-kin office at the option of the merchants.\n\n3. Foreign merchants who are provided with triplicate Memoranda for the purchase of native goods inland must first, on arrival at the barrier nearest to the custom-house of export, proceed to that custom-house and pay the half-duty; after the cargo has been discharged at the custom-house and at the time of export they pay the export full duty. If the goods are carried to an international trading port a coast-trade duty is paid in addition. This procedure refers only to carriage by steamer. As regards the method of levy to be adopted in the case of carriage by rail as now proposed, after Judge Chu has been to Soochow and come to a decision in consultation with the Li-kin (Customs) Commissioners, he will return and submit proposals.\n\nRailway li-kin has hitherto been a 50 per cent. levy. Judge Chu has now granted the request that it should be reduced to a 30 per cent. levy. But, owing to the pressure under which the present Railway Li-kin Regulations were prepared, certain inequalities of treatment remain unadjusted. After Judge Chu has been to Soochow, and revised these after careful examination, he will return and submit proposals.\n\n5. In the case of native goods carried from Shanghae to Soochow the li-kin office has hitherto reckoned four levies, viz., one levy each for the Woosung River (Soochow Creek) district and the Chefung district barrier li-kin, and one levy each for the Shanghae and the Soochow loti. As it does not appear right that loti should be collected at both ends, the li-kin office should be asked to do away with one loti levy, so that hereafter on goods carried from Shanghae by rail to Soochow three levies would be collected, on goods to Wusieh four levies; to Changchow and Tangyang five levies; to Chinkiang six levies; and to Nanking seven levies; and similarly with goods from Nanking to Shanghae.\n\n6. It is now proposed to make arrangements by which the native goods which have hitherto been carried by steamer between Shanghae, Soochow, Chinkiang, and Nanking and have reported to the foreign Customs shall in future be sent by rail. After Judge Chu has been to Soochow, and, in consultation with the Li-kin Commissioner, has come to some decision as to a collection which shall be similar to that provided for by the Customs Regulations, he will return and submit proposals.\n\n7. On cotton, cocoons, and rice the li-kin office has hitherto collected a full 100 per cent. levy. Wusich cocoons were carried by rail last year, and on them the collection must continue to be made in accordance with the existing Regulations. As regards the li-kin on rice, Judge Chu agreed last year to reduce the levy to 80 per cent. But the rice merchants refused to proceed in the matter, alleging that the terms for carriage by rail were still not so advantageous as those for water carriage. Judge Chu will consider how some further reduction may be granted.\n\n8. As regards railway li-kin over the whole line, Judge Chu has already agreed to depute a special officer to administer the collection within the Soochow collectorate. The portion of the line which lies within the Nanking collectorate is very short, and it will rest with the higher authorities to decide whether the Nanking Li-kin Office is to depute a special officer to take charge of it or whether the Soochow Li-kin Office is to undertake this duty in addition.\n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Prince Ching.\n\nYour Highness,\n\nPeking, May 9, 1908.\n\nI HAVE been much gratified to learn from your Highness' note of the 6th instant that, as a result of correspondence between the Board and the Revenue Council, the latter Department have agreed to the issue of exemption certificates by the Imperial Maritime Customs to cover foreign merchandise which has paid import duty and which is carried on the Shanghae-Nanking Railway from one Treaty port to another.\n\nWith regard to the instructions of the Revenue Council to the Acting Inspector-General of Customs to draw up Regulations for the prevention of fraud, and to the instructions of the Board of Communications to the Director of the Railway to continue negotiations with the Kiangsu Li-kin authorities, I have the honour to observe that the precedent furnished by the \"Provisional Regulations for the transport of foreign or ...\n\nPage 94\n\n \n3\n\neither\n\n \n\n \n(No further text is given after \"either\" as the original scan ends here or is cut off.)",
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        "id": 417583,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 295,
        "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\nO.\n\n48997\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\n24 NOV 09\n\n[November 2.]\n\nSECTION 3.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[38020]\n\n(No. 406.) Sir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received November 2.)\n\nPeking, September 8, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to transmit to you herewith a summary of last month's events not recorded in separate despatches, which has been drawn up by Mr. Seeds, Third Secretary in His Majesty's Legation.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed) J. N. JORDAN.\n\nInclosure in No. 1.\n\n(Extract.)\n\nMonthly Summary of Events.\n\nThe Ch'uan Han Railway (see monthly summary inclosed in Sir J. Jordan's despatch No. 249 of the 4th June).-The Company still persist in their policy of never publishing any financial statement of their affairs, but are endeavouring to increase public confidence in the management, and to attract more plentiful subscriptions of capital by rigorous investigation of the malpractices and corruption attendant on the unpopular \"rent share\" system. The formation of a Shareholders' Association drove the Directors to take some steps with regard to this scandal, which entails, as appears from Company's own report lately issued, \"obstruction of all kinds in the payment of interest, manipulation of rewards and fines, misappropriation of funds, falsification of accounts-in fact, an endless tale of corruption.\"\n\nAmoy-Changchow.-The Japanese have failed in their opposition to the engagement of a British engineer, as reported in Sir J. Jordan's despatch No. 249 of the 4th June, Mr. Sinclair, who was formerly on the Shanghae-Nanking Railway, having now been appointed to superintend the further construction of the line.\n\nCanton-Hankow.--The appointment of Chang Chih-tung seems to have been fairly well received by the native press, which declares that his personal fitness for the post, thanks to his ability and past experience in the provinces concerned, renders his selection unimpeachable. At the same time, the appointment of an official supervisor over a commercial concern would seem to threaten the conversion of the railway into a Government concern, and looks like the thin end of the wedge of Peking officialdom and centralization.\n\nThe Hupei Government Bank, in its Report on the financial prospects of that province's section of the railway, declares itself prepared to furnish the promised 4,000,000 dollars of capital, but private enterprise is as yet very backward in raising the other 2,000,000 dollars necessary.\n\n[2030 b-3]",
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    {
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "page_number": 77,
        "title": "CO129-362 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "# Measures for Railway and Telegraph Development\n\n1. A thorough survey should be made of all projected lines.\n\n2. In the case of railways under official management which are still unfinished, a time limit should be fixed by the Board for their completion. This provision does not include the Tien-tsin-P'u-k'ou, Hankow-Canton, and Szechuan-Hankow lines, which are under the direction of directors-general.\n\n3. As regards railways under commercial management, it will be the duty of the Board to see that they are completed within a reasonable time, and failing this, to make other arrangements.\n\nAnother matter requiring special attention is the question of the repayment of foreign railway loans.\n\nAs regards telegraphs, telephones, &c., many steps have to be taken with a view to improving the service and putting it on a profitable basis.\n\nThe Board then give a list of the measures already carried out and those which they propose to take year by year.\n\n## Measures taken in the 34th year of Kuang Hsü (1908-9)\n\n* Completion of the following lines: Shanghae-Nanking, Mên-t'ou-kou, and a branch line of the Swatow-Ch'ao-chou. The Huang-sha-Ying-tsui section (128 li) of the Hankow-Canton line completed (the whole line has now been transferred to the control of a director-general).\n* Commencement of the Tsitsihar-Angangch'i line.\n* Continuation of the following lines under official management: the Peking-Kalgan, Kaifeng-Honan, Canton-Kowloon, and of the following lines under commercial direction: Shanghae-Chia-hsing, Hangchow-Chiahsing, Wuhu-Kuangte, and Nanchang-Kiukiang.\n* Survey and enquiry into affairs of the Szechuan-Hankow, Honan-Tung-kuan, Hsi-an-T'ung-kuan, Tung-P'u, Kiangsu-Chekiang, Ch'aochou-Swatow, Hsinning, Huichow-Ch'aochou, Kuangsi, Fookien, Yunnan, Szechuan, Anhui, and Kiangsi Railways.\n* Survey of Kirin-Chang-ch'un, Lehang-Kwei-fu, Cheng-Te, and Yen-Ch'ang lines.\n* Repayment of Peking-Hankow Railway loan.\n* Conclusion of arrangement for the annulment of the Canton-Macao agreement, and annulment of the Hanpiac branch line agreement.\n* Redemption of the commercial shares in the telegraph company. Establishment of various new telegraph lines.\n* Arrangements for reducing telegraph rates.\n* Officer sent to the Lisbon Telegraph Congress.\n* Reorganisation of the technical college at Shanghae and arrangements made for establishing a similar college under the Board.\n\n## Measures to be carried out in the 1st year of Hsuan Tung (1909-10)\n\n| Measure | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Completion of lines | Kaifeng-Honan, Peking-Kalgan, Hangchow-Chiahsing, Hsinning, and Tsitsihar-Ang-ang-ch'i lines |\n| Arrangement of loan | Kirin-Ch'ang-ch'un Railway |\n| Commencement of lines | Kirin-Chang-ch'un, Szechuen-Hankow (Szechuen section), Honan-Tung-kuan (during this year at least 5,000,000 dollars of capital must be raised and one-third of the construction completed), Ch'ingchiang-Hsuchou, Hangchow-Ningpo, and the Hupei section of the Szechuan-Hankow line |\n| Continuation of lines | Canton-Kowloon and other lines already commenced |\n| Survey | Kalgan-Sui-yuan-ch'ang and Kalgan-Urga lines |\n| Engagement of engineers | Survey of the Kuanghsi and Yunnan railways |\n| Arrangements | Improving the Antung-Mukden line |\n| Survey | Haichow-Ch'ing-chiang and Kaifeng-Hsuchou lines |\n| Reduction of telegraph charges | 20 per cent., involving a total sum of over 600,000 dollars |\n| Establishment of new telegraph lines | Various new telegraph lines and improvement of others |\n| Wireless telegraphs | From Robdo to Sui lai |\n| Arrangements | Establishing a new electrical college |\n| Establishment | Technical college under the Board |\n| Improvement | Telephones in Peking and elsewhere |\n\n## Measures to be carried out in 1910-11\n\n* Arrangements for repayment of the Cheng-Tai Railway Loan in the following year, the total sum required being 40,100,000 fr.\n* Completion of the Nanchang-Kiukiang line. Commencement of the Hsi-an-Tung-kuan Railway.\n* Continuation of the Honan-Tung-kuan line. Capital to the amount of at least 10,000,000 dollars must be raised, and two-thirds of the line completed.\n* Continuation of other lines.\n* Survey of Urga-Kiakhta and Hsinmintun-Tsitsihar-Aihun line.\n* Preparations for establishing several new telegraph lines, including one from Szechuen to Thibet, a distance of over 2,000 li. The cost of the latter line will be met out of the grant for the development of Thibet.\n* Extension of telephones, &c.\n\n## Measures to be carried out in 1911-12\n\n* Repayment of Cheng-Tai Railway Loan.\n* Completion of Ch'ing-chiang, Canton-Kowloon, Nangchow-Ningpo, Changchow-Amoy lines.\n* Continuation of Hsin-Tungkuan line: capital to the amount of at least 2,600,000 taels must be raised, and two-thirds of the line completed.\n* Continuation of other lines, including the Honan-T'ungkuan, for which the full capital must be subscribed this year, and the construction approximately completed.\n* Commencement of the Tung-P'u Railway.\n* Survey of Hsi-an-Lanchow line, and of branch lines on southern railways. Establishment of works for the manufacture of electrical instruments, &c.\n* Various new telegraph lines to be established.\n* Preparations for installing wireless telegraphy along the coast.\n* Improvement and extension of telephone services.\n\n## Measures to be carried out in 1912-13\n\n* Preparations for repaying the Kaifeng-Honan Railway loan, the total sum required being 41,112,500 fr.\n* Completion of Honan-Tungkuan, Kirin-Ch'ang-ch'un, and Wuhu-Kuangte. The Hsi-an-Tung-kuan line must be approximately completed and the total capital subscribed.\n* Continuation of other lines.\n* Survey of Lanchow-Ili line to be continued and surveys to be made of branch lines on southern and northern lines.\n* China to join the International Telegraph Convention. Construction of various new telegraph lines.\n\n## Measures to be carried out in 1913-14\n\n* Preparations for repaying the Shanghae-Nanking Railway loan, a sum of 3,559,931 taels being required in all.\n* Continuation of Szechuan-Hankow and other lines.\n* Survey of branch lines on eastern and western railways.\n* Construction of various new telegraph lines.\n* Extension of works for manufacture of electrical instruments, &c.\n* Extension of telephone systems.\n\n## Measures to be carried out in 1914-15\n\n* Preparations for repaying Tao-Ching Railway loan, a sum of 797,789 taels being required.\n* Repayment of Shanghae-Nanking Railway loan.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-366 - Governor Sir Lugard Acting Governor May - 1910 [4-5]",
        "page_number": 330,
        "title": "CO129-366 - Governor Sir Lugard Acting Governor May - 1910 [4-5]",
        "content_text": "## COPY\n\nHon. O.S.\n\nEnclosure \n\n21902 \n\n18 JUN 1910 \n\nCO 327 16121 \n\nRece REGS 28 MAY 10 \n\nWith reference to the discussion in Committee yesterday I attach two interesting tables. The first is taken from a report by R.B. Moorhead, dated 31st December, 1901 (`Customs Decennial Reports` for 1892-1901, Vol. II p. 210), and the 2nd taken from a report by Mr. A.E. Harris, dated the 27th February, 1909 (`Returns of Trade for 1908` Part II Vol. IV p. 575).\n\nThese tables purport to show the total revenue collected by the Kowloon Customs both before and after the lease of the New Territories to Hongkong. For the years 1892-8 inclusive the collections were made by stations at Capsuimoon, Changchow, Fotochow and Kowloon, and during first half of 1899 collection was also made at these stations. During the second half of 1899 and for the years 1900 to 1908 inclusive, the collections were made by stations at Taishan and Lintin, at Samun and at Shauchung, Shamchun and Shatowkok.\n\nFor the years 1899 to 1901 inclusive the tables overlap and the figures do not agree, Mr. Harris giving in each case somewhat higher figures possibly owing to the inclusion of duty and likin on opium, which Mr. Moorhead neglected.\n\nThe figures are:-\n\n| Year | Moorhead | Harris | Differences |\n|------|----------|---------|-------------|\n| 1899 | Tls. 328,467 | Tls. 385,090 | Tls. 56,625 |\n| 1900 | 299,534 | 350,024 | 50,490 |\n| 1901 | 581,460 | 634,450 | 52,990 |\n\nThe differences, however, do not correspond exactly with the figures for duty and likin on opium given by Mr. Harris.\n\nThe combined tables show (a) that from 1892 to 1896 the revenue collected by the Kowloon Customs steadily increased: (b) that in 1897 there was a slight fall of Tls. 40,055: (c) that in the following year 1898, i.e. the year before the Customs abandoned their stations at Capsuimoon, Changchow, Potochow and Kowloon, there was an abrupt decrease\n\nPage 330  \nPage 331",
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        "title": "CO129-366 - Governor Sir Lugard Acting Governor May - 1910 [4-5]",
        "content_text": "# 328\n\nThere is, however, little doubt that the removal of the Customs stations from Capsulmoon, etc., to Taishan, etc. has greatly increased the cost of collection: but, as the Customs publish no figures as to their expenditure, it is impossible to ascertain what loss has been caused to them by the lease of the New Territories. I have been told by credible informants that the Customs have never yet succeeded in making their \"Kowloon station\" pay. Perhaps Mr. Moorhead states that \"the decrease in 1897 was probably due to the opening of the new West River ports and the stringent carrying out of the transit pass rules, both of which causes helped to divert trade from junks to other channels\" and that the decrease in 1898 was due to \"the same causes, assisted by the desire on the part of shippers to escape a tax called Tao-lu levied this year for the first time in certain articles (Tobacco, Salt Fish, Kerosene Oil, Samshu, etc.) passing the stations\".\n\nFrom Mr. Moorhead's table, which unfortunately has not been retained in the annual Returns of Trade, it appears that the figures for 1898 (when collection was made at Capsulmoon, etc.) and for 1901 (when collection was made at Taishan, etc.) were almost identical: while as regards the distribution between the several stations \n\n(a) in 1898 Capsulmoon and Changchow collected in all Tls. 307,354: but these stations were replaced by those at Taishan and Lintin which in 1901 collected Tls. 301,666 i.e. very nearly the same amount.\n\n(b) in 1898 Fatshan and Kowloon collected in all Tls. 31,252: but these stations were replaced by those at Samun, Saüchung, Shanchun and Shatowkok which in 1901 collected Tls. 49,794 i.e. a considerably increased sum.\n\nThere was a decrease of Tls. 162,009 or 51% in the total revenue collected: and that since then the total collection has remained fairly constant. \n\n| Year | Amount |\n|------|--------|\n| 1898 | 307,354 |\n| 1901 | 301,666 |\n| 1898 | 31,252  |\n| 1901 | 49,794  |\n\n# OUD, POA \n081, 183 \n# \n# \n0081 \n1001 \nBOOHOTO Alb eft \nBeon6re7710 \nxsa,50 004.08 090.38 \n\nBIT \n# \nerid reiw vijosxe broqnoroo den ob novewod \n.atmal \n\nTyd nevis muigo no ntvti bos yjub not newgit sunever crit 8001 of 1981 morî darit (s) nofe neidad beatdwoo aff TEBI mi dørit (0) besoni qIlheads amodwo noolwo? erit yd bedoellos BIT to IIa) silla a auw ezerid galuollot ert at dadd (o) :020 \n\nIt appears the rest of the text is not readable or meaningful after OCR. Only the last part was somewhat coherent and has been reproduced above.",
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        "page_number": 356,
        "title": "CO129-366 - Governor Sir Lugard Acting Governor May - 1910 [4-5]",
        "content_text": "## Mr. Moorhead's Table\n\n| Year | Saporimun | Changchen | Totochou | Howlom | Total |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1894 |  |  |  |  |  |\n| 1895 | 277,273 | $3,886 | 366,522 | 58,188 | 385,925 |\n| 1895 |  | 37,463 |  | 44 |  |\n| 1894 | 362,287 | 43,4 |  |  |  |\n| 1895 | 389,159 |  |  |  |  |\n| 1896 | 438,739 | 63 | 29 |  |  |\n| 1897 |  |  |  |  | 270,484 |\n| 1898 | 397,934 | 65,708 | $2.04 | $26 | 36,870 |\n| 1897 |  | 315 | 01 | 27,762 | 05 |\n| 1899 |  | 90(0) | 1,270(2) |  |  |\n| 1899 | Trishan & Jungho, Sameen, Shaichung, Lintin |  |  |  |  |\n\nThis Hall shows the total Revenue listed by each Station, but has not included the dead.\n\n|  |  |  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Libin |  |  |  | 326,40° |\n| Shamehun |  |  |  | of thatowick |\n|  | 597(4) | 6 | 16,021 | 299 |\n|  | $34 | 357 | 460 |  |\n|  | 68,211,(4) (dappa) | 11,360 (44) |  |  |\n| Leni |  |  |  | 1700 |\n| 1901 | 301, bes | 34,121 |  | 33,773 |\n\n(1) January to September  \n(2) January to June  \n(3) Shamchein  \n(4) October to December  \n\nOpened 1900 and Shatookok in 1901.",
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    {
        "id": 429506,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 243,
        "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "4\n\n5. Railways.\n\n1. Peking-Hankou.-During the year and a-half since the Chinese took over the management from the Franco-Belgian Company, the line has been starved in every way in order to show maximum profits under Chinese management, with the result that they have now been obliged to offer 2,000,000 taels' worth of contracts for repairs to permanent way and rolling-stock, which are being tendered for by German, British, Belgian, American, and French firms.\n\nIn\n\n2. Tien-tsin--Pukow. --The northern section of the railway has been opened for traffic as far as Techou, 140 miles from Tien-tsin, just over the Shantung border. Consequence of the decision to make the permanent Tien-tsin terminus on the Isiku side, several miles of completed embankment leading to the south side of the city have been abandoned and a fresh track substituted near the village of Liang Wang Chuang, the point at which the construction line touches the Grand Canal. The new line will cross the canal a mile or two above this point, and a suspension bridge will have to be constructed to allow the canal traffic to pass. A construction train runs to Lokou from Yu Cheng, 55 miles south-east from Techou, Yu Cheng to Lokou, on the north bank of the Yellow River, is 33 miles. The river is crossed in a launch, and the remaining 4 miles to Chinan are traversed by trolley. The line is laid south for construction trains 16 miles to Kushan. The German engineer has promised the Chinese directors that the line from Tien-tsin to Taianfu, about 280 miles, will, except for the bridge over the Yellow River, be ready for traffic by the next Chinese New Year (end of January 1911). The bridge over the Yellow River is not expected to be ready before July 1912, and is to cost 11,000,000 marks. Boring for the foundation of piers gave nothing firmer than sand at a depth of 330 feet.\n\n3. Shanghai-Hongchow-Ningpo. The Shanghai-Hangchow section, opened in August last, has been cheaply constructed and is badly run. Large water-ways have been choked up and their courses diverted into inadequate channels to avoid building bridges or economise in purchase of land. Minor accidents are frequent. The Kiangsu section of the line is superior in most respects to the Chekiang section. The receipts for the first four months of the year in the latter section are reported to show considerable improvement.\n\nAfter months' delay the first sod of the Hangchow-Ningpo Railway was hurriedly cut on the 15th June to save the directors' face at the shareholders meeting fixed for the 19th. Work was then begun at the Ningpo end with an inadequate number of coolies. It is said that the company have the greatest difficulty in collecting calls on shareholders at all, and some Ningpo shareholders refuse to pay them.\n\n4. Canton-Hankow (Yueh-Han). - Each province is trying to build its own section independently. The total length is about 660 miles, of which 200 are in Kuangtung, 360 in Hunan, and 100 in Hupeh. The Kuangtung section is being built by a commercial company with a properly organised engineering staff, which is not the case in Hunan, through which the largest and most difficult section runs. The total length completed and open for traffic on the Kuangtung section is now 170 li, or about 55 miles. It is not expected that much progress will be made for some time owing to lack of funds. Meanwhile, foreign engineers are stationed at points beyond the rail-head doing no work for lack of materials, and it is understood that foreign employés will be dismissed on the expiration of their agreements and will not be replaced by foreigners. In this connection His Majesty's consul at Changsha reports that the Hunan directors have telegraphed to Peking for permission to employ none but Chinese engineers, \"whose superiority over foreigners has been amply demonstrated.\" This somewhat surprising conclusion was arrived at by limiting the powers and placing every possible obstruction in the way of foreign engineers like Messrs. Ross and Birchal, the former of whom was invalided home in 1909, and the latter has now resigned, while the Chinese engineers are allowed a free hand and given every possible assistance. According to Mr. Birchal, out of the 360 miles in Hunan 12 miles are nearly completed, and 25 will be ready next spring. There is money in hand for the completion of 37 miles; and income from shares and forced taxes, &c., might suffice for 20 miles a-year. At this rate the line would not be completed for 15 years.\n\n5. Hupeh Railways (Ichang-Wanhsien).---Considerable progress has been made along 5 or 6 miles of earthworks on the first section from Ichang to Kueichow (90 miles), and His Majesty's consul at Ichang is informed by the engineer in charge that work on all nine subsections is equally advanced. Trains, it is said, are expected to run for about 20 miles by the end of the year. Workshop machinery has been secured by the German firm of Arnold and Karberg.\n\nA contract for about 30,000 taels' worth of\n\n6. Canton-Kowloon. -- Work on the Chinese section has been much impeded by clan fights between villagers, who apparently use the embankment as a fortification in encounters in which modern rifles and even field pieces are used. The authorities have acted with energy, and more peaceful conditions now prevail.\n\n7. Sunning Railway. - Work from Kung Yik to Sanui is progressing rapidly, and the line may be completed and open to passenger traffic by September of this year. Attempts are being made to raise additional capital to extend the line from Sanui to Fatshan or Canton, and thus link up with the Yueh-Han system.\n\n8. Amoy-Changchow. On the 9th May the first section of the line was opened and trains were run to Kai-ching and Hsia-Ting, the present terminus of the line. The line starts from Sung-su opposite Kulangsu, and its present running length is about 12 miles. A ferry launch runs in connection with trains. The line was constructed by Chinese engineers, and the results are poor. His Majesty's consul states that the railway is crippled for want of money, and that no substantial returns can be expected till it is extended to the coal country of Ling An.\n\n9. Nanning-Kweilin. -- His Majesty's consul at Wuchow reports that a reconnaissance survey has been made by an expectant magistrate and the head of the cavalry bureau at Kweilin, but it is impossible to say how far the work is of technical value. The proposed trace follows the Yungfu River past Yungfu and Loyang to the junction with the Liuchow River, down the latter till it joins the Hungshui, which it follows up to Chien Chiang and thence up a tributary to Pinchou. Between this place and Nanning a difficult range of hills has to be crossed. The total distance is estimated at 250 miles.\n\nPage 242",
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        "document_key": "CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7]",
        "page_number": 14,
        "title": "CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7]",
        "content_text": "COPY.\n\nNo. 966.\n\nShanghai, 22nd March, 1911.\n\n## \n\nThe Hon. Mr. C. Clementi,\nThe Colonial Secretary,\nHongkong.\n\nSir,\n\n0.0. 21596 RECO MEG 30 JUN 11\n\nMr. H. P. Winslow tells me that he is a candidate for the position of General Manager to the Kowloon-Canton Railway, British Section, and I have very great pleasure in strongly recommending him for the appointment.\n\nI have known Mr. Winslow intimately for the past eight years since he commenced his railway career in China in 1903 as my Secretary, during the first part of the construction of the Shanghai-Nanking Railway, of which I was Engineer-in-Chief and Commissioner from 1903 to 1908.\n\nIn 1904 we took over the Shanghai Woosung Railway, and Mr. Winslow was appointed Traffic Manager under my supervision. In 1905 & 1906 we opened Sections of the main line to Wusieh and Changchow 104 miles, and Mr. Winslow continued to act as Traffic Manager.\n\nIn this position he carried out practically single-handed all the arrangements for the very considerable passenger traffic, his work being conducted in a most satisfactory manner.\n\nOn the appointment of Mr. A. W. U. Pope as Traffic Manager in 1907, Mr. Winslow's position as Deputy Traffic Manager was confirmed and he still continues to hold this appointment.\n\nDuring the five years that Mr. Winslow worked under me, I always found him most attentive to his duties, a good organizer and painstaking in both training and handling his inexperienced Chinese Staff, and it is largely due to this fact that the Traffic Staff have attained their present efficiency.\n\nMr. Winslow displayed considerable tact and ability in his many dealings with the Chinese, with whom he has always been popular.\n\nIn conclusion, I shall be pleased to give you any further information.",
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    {
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        "document_key": "CO129-416 - Public Offices - 1914",
        "page_number": 547,
        "title": "CO129-416 - Public Offices - 1914",
        "content_text": "## 540\n\n\n4 \n\nIn my opinion there is at the present time no opium being cultivated in the north of this province, except, perhaps, in very small quantities in very well concealed places. If such is cultivated it is probably not for consumption, but for the sake of the seed, which the farmers hope to keep alive till the present crisis is passed. At present the death penalty which is being inflicted on opium growers does not seem to have any legal sanction, but the civil Governor has just stated that this is to be remedied shortly, and that death will be the statutory punishment for opium cultivators.\n\nIn conclusion, I wish to record my appreciation of the unfailing courtesy and assistance of my two colleagues, and of the efforts of the Provincial Government, whose guest I was, and who did their utmost to make my journey as pleasant as possible. Our route not being known, every magistrate had instructions to be ready to receive and assist us, and some of them were put to a great deal of difficulty and inconvenience.\n\nI append a sketch showing my route.*\n\n(No. 11.) Sir,\n\nI have, &c.\n\nA. D. BLACKBURN.\n\n## Enclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\n**Consul Little to Sir J. Jordan.**\n\nAmoy, April 2, 1914.\n\nI HAVE the honour to forward herewith, with reference to your telegram No. 1 of the 27th January, a report by Mr. W. P. W. Turner on a journey of investigation into the cultivation of the opium poppy in South Fukien.\n\n## Enclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nH. A. LITTLE.\n\n**Report on a Journey of Investigation into the Cultivation of the Opium Poppy in South Fukien, jointly with Officials appointed by the Chinese Government, by Mr. Turner.**\n\nTHE delegates selected by the Central and Provincial Governments respectively were Mr. Sou Gee Chuang, an official of the Board of the Interior, and Mr. Chan Pai Kong, Taotai of Foochow and President of the Anti-Opium Bureau of Fukien. Mr. E. Cheers, of the Straits Settlement Police Service, acted as interpreter in the Amoy dialect, which is current in all the districts visited except Hing Hua, Sien Yu, and Hok Ching, south of Foochow.\n\nA rough map is attached showing the route taken, which embraced all the former principal poppy-growing centres of South Fukien. The distance covered was approximately 1,600 li, or 530 English miles, the journey occupying twenty-five days—from the 23rd February to the 19th March. In all, seventeen districts were examined out of a total of thirty-two comprised in the lower portion of the province.\n\nIn the first district visited, that of Hai Teng, the vigorous measures taken in the autumn by the local authorities checked extensive sowing, though a certain amount was discovered by the opium inspector in January and uprooted. In the spring of 1913 Captain Connelly, of the Hong Kong garrison, whilst on a shooting expedition, found large areas under poppy cultivation in the vicinity of Chhe Nia and the authorities taking no apparent action, but a local convert of Kang Boe, a neighbouring village, informed me that this region is now quite free. From reports of native pastors I also learned that no poppy now existed in the broad belt of coast land south of Amoy and Hai Teng. (I have since heard from a missionary that he travelled through the whole of this country at the beginning of March without finding a trace of poppy.)\n\nForeigners who had recently made the journey from Changpu to Amoy having reported that the main route via U Sai had been cleared of poppy, I chose the northern road from Hai Teng, which branches off due west at Peh Chui Ying, turning south again at Koan Jim through the Tng Kio and Kio Li. As far as could be judged, this part of the country was now almost entirely given up to rice cultivation, the Nan Ch'i River and its tributaries affording an abundant water supply. Between Tng Kio, where we were met by a military officer in charge of 700 soldiers sent to uproot the poppy, and Changpu several fields where opium had been pulled up were passed, these being readily distinguished from the fact that, having been confiscated, they were now overgrown with weeds. Last spring this region was one of the chief poppy-growing centres of the district. As far as I could gather the soldiers arrived in December, meeting with no little resistance before the plant was eventually all destroyed.\n\nThe Changpu authorities appear to have counterbalanced their indifference of last spring, when there was extended cultivation throughout the district, by extreme severity in the autumn. Mr. Watson, of the English Presbyterian Mission at Changpu, told me that he was prepared to state positively that not a plant remained in the whole country between Changpu and Hai Teng, with the possible exception of a small patch hidden in a secluded valley near Toa Pu, of which he had heard many vague rumours. Mr. Watson's opinions were based partly on the declarations of the native pastors of his district at a recent conference at O Sai, and partly on personal observation during his periodical visits to native mission stations.\n\nFrom Changpu to Yunsiao the road lies for some 8 or 9 miles over a broad, sandy, barren plain up to a range of hills some 1,200 feet high, crossed by a low pass, with a fertile valley producing rice, sugar-cane, barley, and beans on the other side. From Pan To Hsu to Yunsiao the country is too hilly to suit the poppy, which requires the rich soil of the plains and a sheltered situation to thrive to perfection, and the task of the local authorities has accordingly been comparatively light. I learned that the district opium inspector had conducted a very strict examination in October and November last, whilst the magistrate himself informed me that of the thirty days he had been in office twenty had been spent in scouring the country for any heads that might have eluded the observation of the inspector and his staff. Native reports confirmed the magistrate's assurance that no poppy was now left in the district.\n\nAt Chao An I called on Father David de Miguel of the Roman Catholic Mission, who informed me that it was possible that a small quantity of poppy might still remain in the second \"tu\" or division of the magistracy, though the magistrate had a few weeks previously, on hearing of the tour of inspection, made a journey in person through this region and had a thorough uprooting. He was unable to say for certain if all had been removed, but assured me that the rest of the district was free, the people having been thoroughly scared by the arrival of the northern soldiers. The present magistrate, Mr. Chang Tseng Pa, has held office for six months. His predecessor took no steps to put a stop to the cultivation of the poppy, for which and for general maladministration he was eventually arrested and sent to Foochow for trial. Mr. Chang, on the other hand, has the reputation of being a very keen suppressionist and an able official; at the beginning of his campaign he was placed in a difficulty by the opposition of the gentry, of whom a few leading members were financially interested in the cultivation of the drug, and were supporting the farmers in resisting the authorities. Mr. Chang promptly arrested two of the most influential, and has since had the support of the remainder. He told me that barley and tobacco were largely replacing the former opium crops. This applies in fact to the whole of the country west of Changchow, the large areas under tobacco, the leaf of which is, however, of an inferior quality, being particularly noticeable.\n\nThe country between Chao An and Ping Ho, on the borders of Kuangtung province, is little frequented by foreigners, and no reports had been received regarding the opium measures in force there. Consequently, although this part of the province has never had the reputation of being a large opium-producing centre, I was anxious to discover whether as clean a sweep had been made as in those districts nearer to the control of the high provincial authorities. Practically the whole of the 60 miles between Chao An and Ping Ho is mountainous, but the hill slopes are mostly under terrace cultivation and the valleys rich with a vast variety of native crops, rice, barley, sugar-cane, and sweet potatoes being the staple products.\n\nAfter leaving Chao An we passed through the second \"tu\" of the district, where I had been informed there was a possibility of finding poppy, but I discovered neither traces of it nor signs of recently disturbed fields. This is probably explained by the fact that in practice confiscated land is frequently sold back to the village or clan to which it belonged, the penalty for growing the forbidden plant being thus a double fine. As regards the Ping Ho district, little pressure was required to induce the farmers to abandon cultivation, and it had not been found necessary to call for troops.\n\nAt Sio Khe a local missionary informed me that suppression measures had been most severe, and that, so far as the strict enquiries he had made went, the district was quite free from poppy. A native pastor had, however, informed him that a small patch...",
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        "content_text": "# \n1 was being grown in a secluded spot 20 miles north of Lung Shan; but Mr. Vosknil was confident that, if such were indeed the case, it was not being grown with the connivance of the opium inspector, of whom he spoke very highly. I was unable to ascertain the exact locality of the field, native converts being often unwilling to afford information likely in any way to bring upon themselves the hostility of the villagers.\n\nFrom native sources at Lam Ching I learned that young poppy had been freely uprooted in December, the owner of one field being fined 800 dollars. A reward of 100 dollars was, however, offered for information of any poppy still growing instead of the usual percentage of the fine imposed. On the whole, the autumn sowing had not been excessive. Here, as elsewhere, all sorts of rumours with regard to the inspection of the province were current, the country people firmly believing that if any opium were discovered, both the grower and the district magistrate would be shot and a fine of several hundred thousand dollars demanded by the British Government.\n\n## \nTowards Changchow, the soil is extremely rich; the rice grown in the Changchow prefecture is said to be the finest in China, whilst this district also supplies a large proportion of the fruit produce of South Fukien. On reaching the city, I called on Mr. Hutchinson, of the English Presbyterian Mission, who said he believed there was poppy in only one spot in the whole of his missionary district, extending north as far as Lung Nia and east almost to Tong An. His knowledge came from a friend of a Christian native doctor, but the information was given to him under promise not to disclose the locality, the informer being unwilling for some reason to involve the Lung Ch'i magistrate in trouble. According to Mr. Hutchinson, the latter was well aware of the existence of the field, which contained about 1,000 heads of poppy.\n\nThe anti-opium campaign in the Lung Ch'i district appears to have been accompanied by many abuses, of which Mr. Hutchinson gave me several instances. On one occasion, a gambler having been observed by underlings of the opium inspector to have won 80 dollars at play, three or four pellets of opium were furtively placed in his pocket, and he was subsequently taxed with being a smoker. On denying the charge, he was searched and forced to hand over his 80 dollars as hush-money. In another case, a heavy bribe had been exacted by the inspector from a wealthy shopkeeper on whose premises two pipes were found, these having been placed in a back room by the inspector's men whilst the proprietor's attention was engaged by confederates. There seems good ground for crediting these stories, since Mr. Chan Pai Kong himself informed me that the inspector had been discovered placing poppy plants in the fields of innocent persons with a view to extorting squeezes, and that he had offered his office for sale for 2,000 dollars. These reports also I had previously heard from other sources. Mr. Chan's secretary told me that the inspector, and also the former Chao An inspector, who had been guilty of similar malpractices, would be sent to Foochow and probably executed. The Opium Administration has been further discredited by these abuses, from the fact that in some districts, private persons posing as official inspectors have been imitating their illegalities.\n\nMr. Hutchinson was of the opinion that the Lung Ch'i magistrate was also a party to these frauds, and stated that the extortions of the opium officials were infinitely worse than the exactions of the Manchu régime, and that native prepared opium was plentiful at Changchow, the authorities having perfect cognisance of its whereabouts, and exacting a heavy duty on all sold or kept for sale. As the spring crop was gathered without interference, there are probably considerable accumulated stocks in hand, whilst there is no doubt that poppy seed, which is said to retain its efficacy for four years, is being carefully hoarded up against any future slackening of suppressive measures.\n\nThe poppy has, however, by fair means or otherwise, been completely eradicated from the district; I myself passed through Thih Tng, where the plant was being freely sown in the autumn, and saw none, whilst Mr. Hutchinson had recently visited Lim Tun Hi, where a powerful clan, taking advantage of a strong strategical position, had resisted the soldiers for some time with success, and found all the opium uprooted. This clan, which had been strong enough to refuse payment of land tax for 150 years, capitulated in December. In other parts, the villagers had mostly submitted to the inevitable on the first approach of the troops.\n\nAt Changt'ai, from all accounts, the magistrate, Mr. Sou Gee Chen, a brother of the metropolitan delegate, appears to have cleared his district thoroughly. I passed through the chief former opium-growing region, and found it now almost entirely under barley.\n\nFrom Changt'ai, I took a by-road through Be Iun and Pho Tan to Koan Khan, where no traces of a former large poppy-field were now visible. The aspect of the country here changes, the hills of the west giving way to a broad plain, across which a clear view of several miles is obtained on all sides. Between Koan Khau and Ch'uan Chow lies the largest poppy-producing district of Fukien, the yield of former years in the Tong An district, according to semi-official Chinese estimates, being 50 per cent. of that of the whole province.\n\n## \nThe zone of greatest activity lies immediately south of Tong An itself, particularly in the neighbourhood of Mahang. For this reason, Tong An has been allotted six and Mahang three opium inspectors instead of the usual one, whilst the latter's officer in charge, a gentleman of picturesque proportions in keeping with his strong attitude as a local administrator, has further been raised to the dignity of a \"chih shih,\" or magistrate.\n\nMissionaries at Tong An reported that in the immediate vicinity of the city, little or no poppy had been sown in the previous autumn, but farther afield, especially to the south, the soldiers had had a busy time clearing the country in January. They believed the whole district to be at present quite free. A lady who had made the opium movement a keen study informed me that, according to rough observations made by her, 50 per cent. of the cultivable land within a few miles' radius of the city was under poppy in 1912, but during frequent journeys this year, mostly off the main routes, she had not seen a single plant. Another lady, who had just returned from a visit to the Ankhoe district, had also seen no poppy growing. The country north of that city is mountainous and produces very little poppy, the plant when fully grown being only 8 or 10 inches high, and yielding little juice.\n\nAs the main road from Tong An to Ch'uan Chow was reported to be then free from poppy by a foreigner who made the journey in December last, I decided to strike across country from Ma Hang, dipping down south to Khoe Tang, on the sea border opposite to the large island of Kim Mng, and thence making Ch'uan Chow via An Hai and Chioh Sai. Between Tong An and Ma Hang, the country was literally a blaze of poppy last spring, but not a vestige was now to be seen. The magistrate at Ma Hang, which has long been notorious for its connection with the opium industry, informed me that little poppy had been sown in the autumn, attributing the fact to the people's intelligence in appreciating the arguments of his proclamations, but it is probable that his treatment of offenders, which consists, in the first place, in burning their houses, confiscating their lands, and fining them heavily, and, in the second place, in beheading them if they receive these correctives with ill grace, and the presence of several companies of northern troops in the district, have been more potent deterrents to growers. It is, however, remarkable that the abandonment of an industry which, according to the magistrate's estimate, was worth 2,000,000 dollars per annum to the people of Ma Hang alone should have provoked so little resistance, and it is probable that this district will require careful watching in the future.\n\nThe inspection in this part of the country has been carried out with great thoroughness. Large barley fields, whose extent of area might have concealed a few stalks, and patches of sugar cane have been carefully examined by the inspectors, whilst suspicious houses have been entered, even a few heads of poppy growing in earthenware pots in courtyards or on the house roofs being a sufficient source of profit to induce villagers to run the risks of detection. Here, as in most parts of South Fukien, barley appears to have largely taken the place of the poppy.\n\nBetween An Hai and Ch'uan Chow, an agreement was entered into last spring between the officials and the people, by which the latter were permitted to harvest the crop on giving an undertaking that no sowing should be made in the following season. This contract seems to have been faithfully carried out by both parties, for I heard of none having been planted in the autumn, whilst Ch'uan Chow missionaries informed me that in the course of up-country journeys at the new year, they had seen no sign of poppy. In the adjoining district of Lam An, however, where no such compromise was made, resistance to the authorities necessitated military measures, the plant being forcibly uprooted in December. From Chuan Chow, I made a day's excursion to Lam An and the neighbourhood without finding any trace of opium.\n\nOn arriving at Hui An, I found that the Anti-Opium Commissioner of Amoy, Mr. Ding Neng Guang, was then in the district scouring the country for poppy. In common with magistrates of other districts in the province, Mr. Shih Wei Ch'ung, the Hui An magistrate, when called upon for his report, had notified the Foochow head office that his district was free from the plant.\n\nThis appears to have been a deliberate misrepresentation of fact, since the district opium inspector had sent in to him at the end of last year a list of places (all in the Tau Pak region, north of Hui An), where he had found poppy still growing.\n\nPage 541",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-416 - Public Offices - 1914.txt",
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    {
        "id": 458192,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 285,
        "title": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nOPIUM.\n\n58579 October 30.] -\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nREC\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nREG 21 DEC 151\n\n[161253]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.—(Received October 30.)\n\n(No. 259.) Sir,\n\n281\n\nPeking, October 6, 1915.\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 101 of the 3rd May last, I have the honour to forward, herewith, copy of a report by Mr. Eric Teichman, on a tour of investigation made by him in the province of Kansu in conjunction with a representative of the Chinese Government.\n\nThe result of Mr. Teichman's inspection having shown that the cultivation of the poppy in Kansu has been successfully repressed, I have informed the Chinese Government in a note of which copy is enclosed herewith, that the importation of Indian opium into that province will be prohibited from the 1st of November.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN.\n\nEnclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nMr. Teichman to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nBritish Legation, Peking, September 30, 1915.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that I have carried out a joint inspection of opium cultivation in Kansu in conjunction with Mr. Chang Wei, of the Wai-chiao Pu, and that the result of our investigation shows that the cultivation of the poppy in that province has been successfully suppressed. During a journey extending over the whole summer, in the course of which we travelled some 1,700 miles by road within the borders of the province and visited many unfrequented districts, we did not see a single field of growing poppy.\n\nThe greater part of the Province of Kansu suffers from insufficient rainfall, and the cultivation of the opium poppy on a large scale has always been confined to certain favoured regions where the rainfall is more abundant, or where the water supply is sufficient to permit of regular irrigation being practised. The chief of these regions are: the Yellow River and neighbouring valleys round Lanchow; the Yellow River valley round Ninghsia in the north; the valleys of the Sining River round Niempo, and of the P'ingfan River south of P'ingfan in the west; the T'au River valley near Titao; the Wei River valley from Kungch'ang to Ch'inchow; the districts of Pingliang and Chingchow on the Shensi border; the southern slopes of the Tsinling mountains in the south-east; and the irrigated areas between the Nanshan mountains and the Alashan desert in the west of the province, notably the Liangchow plain.\n\nI visited all these districts during the season with the exception of the Ninghsia plain through which we passed on our return journey in the early autumn, and am of the opinion that very little opium was harvested in any of them this summer. The best opium in Kansu was formerly produced in the Liangchow plain and other irrigated regions in the north-west of the province, whence it was exported almost exclusively to Mukden, Tien-tsin, and Taiyuanfu by the desert route. Poppy was planted in the Liangchow neighbourhood this spring, but the crop was, I believe, in every case destroyed by the officials while it was yet young. We made a careful inspection of this plain, which consists of a string of oases of great fertility running north into the desert beyond Chenfan, and saw no signs of opium cultivation. Poppy was also planted on a small scale and subsequently uprooted by the officials in the districts of Ningyuan and Fuchiang (Wei Valley), Chingchow (Shensi border), and Ninghsia (in the north). In a remote valley in the mountains south of Fuchiang, where I had information of secret cultivation, there was evidence of poppy having been uprooted a few hours before our arrival. This crop, a very small one, would have been harvested had the inspecting party not visited that particular valley, and it is probable that a certain amount of poppy has been grown in similar secluded...\n\n[2511 gg-1]\n\n10.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915.txt",
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    {
        "id": 468304,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 67,
        "title": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "03\n\nLeve\n\n.IE (ezanseri)\n\nTO 991ĜJ Mavo von gatline st\n\ngracy meget mor) boð\n\nTO HI Mod at Bosch arid je vin\n\n$ de in lino vismny\n\n„ZÁJSHT YOU'\n\nKangal edi\n\n.IA (enoncuel)\n\n30 VL apag\n\n01 MILL rost hng of ados en dfie aiz mey nunmyel offi\n\nTo mi navad vi aanga and jo »lud eri - OTOTIPA AV.DOT elsnoiten moygit add yď bolwo are yun13:1990 afunge neonazo nd\" Lasqel to?\n\nBujaİZİ (1980)\n\nnárač bid tue sdmină noapt .solvese vidit,midrul e amiat\n\nTEN LETONG.\n\nBANGKOK TO HONGKONG\n\nand\n\nSEATON TO SINGAPORE AME\n\nBANGKOK\n\n61\n\nBritish.\n\nAllied.\n\nKeutral.\n\n  \n    \"Changchow\"\n    \"Chofu Maru⭑\n    \"Heinchang\n  \n  \n    *Chinhus\n    \"Hozan Heru\n    \"kungping\n  \n  \n    \"Hupeh\"\n    *Kumakata Yaru\") (Japanese)\"Foolee\"\n    \"Liangchow\"\n  \n  \n    \"Taiwan Maru”\n    *Heinlee\"\n    \"Viyo Haru\"\n  \n  \n    \"Yue Ying Ja\"\n    \"Yushun\"\n    \"Chiyuen\"\n  \n  \n    \"Linan\"\n    \"Luchow\"\n    \"Tean\"\n  \n  \n    \"alenogle\"\n    \n    \n  \n\nReturning, vis Rangoon\n\n-\n\n  \n    \"Glenfalloon\"\n    and Straits..\n  \n  \n    \"Childer\"\n    *Drufar\n  \n  \n    \"Dagfin\"\n    \"Nevie\"\n  \n  \n    \"Prometheus\"\n    *Helvard* *Kemor\"\n  \n  \n    \"Standard\"\n    \"Liger\" *Varg \"Gelun\n  \n\nkorwegian.\n\nChinese.\n\nAllied and heutral Tonnage is routed from Bangkok to Hong Kong or to Singapore or is even diverted to Saigon to load for Hongkong, Jeva or Philippines according to the rates offering. This remark applies also to tonnage employed in the Saigon trade.\n\nTRADE.\n\nImports.\n\nRice, Hides, Timber, Leather.\n\nLuporta.\n\nEmigrents, general cargo including Foodstuffs, Rope, Cement, Cil, Sugar, etches, Firecrackers, Chinaware.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 468328,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 91,
        "title": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "HAIPHONG, PAKHOI, HOI HOW TO HONG KONG. HONGKONG TO HAIPHONG VIA HOT HOW AND PAKHOI.\n\nBritish.\n\nD.W. Capacity.\n\n\"Kaifong\" 2,072 tons\n\n\"Taksang\"\n\n\"Lo keang\"\n\n\"Chingchow\"\n\n1,800\n\n1,800\n\n2,550\n\n(Carries Cement Stone upwards regular supplies of which are essential for the Green Island Cement Co., Ltd.)\n\n\"Rotorua\" 850.\n\nTRADE Imports. Rice, Pigs, Cattle, Sugar, Indigo.\n\nExports. Refined Sugar, Kerosene Oil (Passengers). HONGAY ANTHRACITE COAL is brought to the Colony by chartered steamers.\n\nSHANGHAI TO HONGKONG AND CANTON.\n\nHONGKONG TO SHANGHAI.\n\nBritish\n\nD.W. Capacity.\n\n\"Anhui\" 2,590 Tons\n\n\"Chenon\"\n\n\"Shantung\"\n\n\"Sinkiong\"\n\n\"Sunning\"\n\n\"Yingchow\"\n\n\"Wingsang\"\n\n\"Tosung\"\n\n\"Isang\"\n\n590\n\n970\n\n970\n\n970\n\n2,570\n\n2,200\n\n1,800\n\n2,000\n\nTRADE\n\nImports. Sheep, Cattle, General, Foodstuffs.\n\nExports. Sugar, Cement, Chinese Produce (Re-exports in main) (The above steamers are most important as feeders and distributors for the important British Yangtze service extending as far as Chungking.)\n\nPHILIPPINES AND HONGKONG.\n\nBritish\n\nD.W. Capacity.\n\n\"Taming\"\n\n\"Loongsang\"\n\n\"Yuensang\"\n\n\"Taisang\"\n\n2,590 tons\n\n1,800\n\n1,800\n\n2,200\n\nTRADE. Imports. Sugar, Hemp, Tobacco, Timber and transhipment cargo to ocean liners - Passengers.\n\nExports. Cement, Refined Sugar, Rice, Fresh Vegetables, Eggs, Cattle and transhipment cargo ex ocean liners, Passengers.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9].txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 477476,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-450 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 161,
        "title": "CO129-450 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "## List of Vessels under control\n\n| S. S. |\n|---------|\n| \"Haitan\"    |\n| \"Haihong\"   |\n| \"Manapouri\" |\n| \"Castlefield\"|\n| \"Phoumpenh\" |\n| \"Chingchow\" |\n| \"Rotorua\"   |\n| \"Upolu\"     |\n| \"Telemachus\"|\n| \"Patriot\"   |\n| \"Wollowra\"  |\n| \"Lien ching\"|\n| \"Haimm\"     |\n| \"Brisbane\"  |\n| \"Amherst\"   |\n| \"Cornelia\"  |\n| \"Hok Canton\"|\n\nPage 167  \n`C 62547`  \n`REG 27 018`",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-450 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [10-12].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 478310,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918",
        "page_number": 547,
        "title": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918",
        "content_text": "436 \n\nto Tokyo. \n\nSir, \n\nI \nC.O \n**BRITISH LEGATION** \n56923 \n**PEYING** \n543 \nSeptember 22nd, 1918. \n\n**REC** \n**REGS 26 NOV 18** \n\nEver since the summer, the lull in serious fighting between the forces of the North and South has continued, but there have been a certain number of desultory skirmishes and much moving about of troops in the province of Fukien. \n\nAt the beginning of this month, the small town of Haicheng, garrisoned by some 300 to 400 Northerners, was taken by assault by a mixed force of Southern troops and bandits. The Southerners also captured Changchow, 30 miles inland of Amoy, and began to advance on Amoy itself, the Northern troops falling back into the city. Government troops in South Fukien were reported to be deserting in large numbers to the Southern Party. Fighting on the outskirts of Amoy actually began on the 16th instant, on the mainland south of the harbour. Chinese men-of-war that were present took no part in the conflict. This latest report from His Majesty's Consul is to the effect that the Southern attack has been driven back. \n\nThere are rumours of peace negotiations between the local leaders on a basis of appointment to Government offices. His Majesty's Consuls at Foochow and Amoy have been carefully watching the situation and have taken all possible precautions for securing the safety of British lives and property. H.M.S. \"Cadmus\" and two Japanese destroyers are at hand at Amoy and another Japanese destroyer is at Foochow. \n\nPreparations are said to be under way at Chungking, where a military conference of the local Southern Commanders was recently held, for a renewal of hostilities against South Shensi and North Hupeh. All these movements are causing some anxiety to the Peking Government, whose position is by no means secure; and who have lately been following a quieter policy, in the hope that the South might be reconciled by ... \n\nThe Right Honourable, \nA. \nBalfour...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 478349,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918",
        "page_number": 586,
        "title": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918",
        "content_text": "## 582 -2-\n\nAbout 500 men, with a small field-gun, appeared at Sung Seu, the terminus of the Amoy-Changchow Railway. The hills at Sung Seu are about three miles from the city of Amoy, and overlook the city. The Southern force could be clearly seen taking up a position at Sung Seu. Close to Sung Seu is the man-of-war anchorage, where four vessels of Admiral Ch'eng's squadron were lying. Half-a-dozen shells from any one of the vessels would have sufficed to disperse the invaders; but not only did the Chinese navy ignore the enemy's presence -- two vessels moved their anchorage to points on the other side of Kulangsu, where Sung Seu is invisible to them! The Tuchun Li Lou-chi also ignored the enemy force at his very doors, and continued his despatch of men by water to Changchow and Tungan for the recapture of these cities.\n\nAt Sung Seu is an installation of oil tanks, belonging to the Standard Oil Company. Mr. Brewer, the American Vice-Consul, paid a visit to Sung Seu and interviewed the officer in charge of the Southern troops, requesting that any warlike operations should be carefully arranged so as to avoid any damage to the tank installation. The officer gave him assurances on this point, and added that if it could be arranged that Tuchun Li would leave Amoy, the chances of open hostilities would be considerably diminished.\n\nWith the advance of the Tuchun's men towards Changchow, threatening to cut off the line of railway, the Southern force after a few days gradually disappeared from Sung Seu, falling back on Changchow.\n\nThe Southern force, while at Sung Seu, fired two shots at a Japanese passenger launch which was proceeding to Changchow. The launch, on board of which was an American missionary as well as a number of Chinese, returned to Amoy; and the Japanese Consul sent one of his staff to Sung Seu to enquire the meaning of the outrage. The Southern officer regretted the incident, but stated that the launch's flag...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 478350,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918",
        "page_number": 587,
        "title": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918",
        "content_text": "720 \n\n-3- \n\n583 \n\nThe firing occurred in broad daylight, and the excuse was absurd. In answer to my enquiry a few days later, the Japanese Consul informed me that he had taken no further action in the matter.\n\nFor about a week, the despatch of men to Changchow and Tungan continued, some hundreds proceeding daily. The Commissioner for Foreign Affairs reiterated his confidence that both places would be recaptured in a few days, but up to the present, the signs are rather of a negative kind, consisting chiefly of the return of wounded soldiers. The medical arrangements of the Chinese Army being apparently primitive and incomplete, wounded men make their own arrangements for treatment, and some 200 wounded northern soldiers are now accommodated at the American mission hospital on Kulangsu Island.\n\nLi Tuchun invited the Consular Body to tiffin on September 11th; invitations were extended to Commander Hilliard, of H.M.S. 'Cadmus', and to the Commissioner of Customs. I hoped that the occasion would provide an opportunity for some statement from the Tuchun as to his plans for dealing with the local situation in a port where there are large foreign interests; but he was uncommunicative; and I concluded that the object of the tiffin was to let the local population know that he is on good terms with foreigners, rumours having been spread that the Southern party had approached the Consular Body to arrange for the safe-guarding of foreign lives and property.\n\nA Spanish priest arrived from Changchow, with a letter addressed to himself and purporting to be signed by Ch'en Ch'ing-ming, the Tupan of Swatow; the priest brought the letter to Mr. Etoret, the French Vice-Consul, who brought it to me for my advice. The letter requested the priest to inform the Amoy Consular Body that Ch'en intended to take the town of...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 478352,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918",
        "page_number": 589,
        "title": "CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918",
        "content_text": "## \nThere was a strong suspicion that foreign missionaries are being used by the southern forces as bearers of messages and carriers of information. Having satisfied the guard that he was not a missionary, he was allowed to proceed. There is no news yet of the fall of Chuan-chou; but reliable information that Hsien-yu is in southern hands, and Hsing-hua is being attacked does not afford much hope to Chuan-chou. If the Chuan-chou garrison is hard pressed, their difficulty will be that there is no way of retreat for them; the sea is their only outlet, and they have no means of transport.\n\nAt about 7 a.m. on the morning of the 16th September, rifle fire could be distinctly heard proceeding from the mainland opposite the south end of Kulangsu, some three miles from Amoy city. The firing increased, with the addition of one or two field guns and a few machine guns. A force of some 500 southern soldiers, from Haich'eng near Changchow, had arrived within sight of Amoy without meeting any opposition, and were engaged with northern patrols from the small coast forts in Amoy Harbour. A thousand soldiers were sent over in small bodies during the day, from the Amoy Fort, and the firing was incessant for nearly 24 hours, at the end of which the southern force had retreated.\n\nChong, the Commissioner for Foreign Affairs, informs me that 200 of the southern force were killed or captured, the northern losses being only 9; but I think his figures may be regarded as optimistic. He further mentioned that the southern force was composed of disbanded Hunan troops, whom he classed as 'tufei' (brigands). Foreigners from the interior have corroborated the information that a very large proportion of the southern 'troops' consist of armed villagers, without uniform but with a considerable experience of clan-fighting.\n\nIt was again noteworthy that the Chinese naval squadron appeared to take not a vestige of interest in the fighting.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-451 - Public Offices - 1918.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 489303,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "page_number": 451,
        "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "## Consul-General Goffe to Mr. Clive\n\n### Canton, November 18, 1920\n\nWITH reference to my despatch No. 100 of the 16th instant, I have the honour to transmit herewith copy of Mr. Paget's railway contract, which has been kindly furnished me by Frank Lee, Commissioner of Foreign Affairs.\n\nwithin the province of the consortium, they could take over the work on the Yuet-Han line later.\n\nI said I would report to you what he had said and ask for your instructions. Although I have perused the correspondence covering the negotiations for the constitution of the new consortium, which was forwarded to me by His Majesty's consul-general at Shanghai, I am not quite clear as to whether Mr. Lee's contention that purely provincial, as opposed to national, enterprises do not fall within its scope is correct; but the fact remains that these people here do not recognise the acts of the Peking Government, and if we decline to assist them they may have recourse to other Powers—i.e., Japanese, French or American. I believe that Messrs. Loxley and Co., who, I understand from the Colonial Secretary at Hong Kong, are very keen and enterprising people, would readily undertake the work, and I have the honour to request your instructions as to whether I am authorised to broach the matter to them or any other British firm.\n\nI should be glad if you would be so good as to telegraph me your instructions. I am forwarding copy of this despatch to the Governor of Hong Kong.\n\n**(1.) Canton and Chengtu line**\n| Start from | Pass through | End at | Connection | Length |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Samshui | Shiuhing, Wachow, Liuchow, Kweiyang, Tsunyi, Chungking, Anyo, Kienchow | Chengtu | Canton-Samshui line, Shapao and Burma line, Kwangsi and Szechuan and Hankow lines | about 2,700 li (Chinese) |\n\n**(2) Shapao and Burma line**\n| Start from | Pass through | End at | Connection | Length |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Shapao | Changtek, Shenchow, Yuanchow, Chanyuen, Kweiyang, Singyi, Kunning (Yunnan-fu), Tanyung, Tali, Tengyueh | Burma | Burma Railway | about 3,500 li (Chinese) |\n\n**(3.) Canton and Hankow line**\n| Start from | Pass through | End at | Connection | Length |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Canton | Shuichow, Lokchong, Ichang, Lauyuen, Leiyang, Hengchow, Changsha, Yochow | Wuchang | Kwangtung-Chengtu line, Kwangtung and (Ningpo) Yungchow line, Shiuchow and Kanchow line, Chuchow and Yamchow line, Ningpo and Siangtan line | about 2,000 li (Chinese) |\n\nI have, &c.\n**HERBERT GOFFE**\n\n**(4.) Shiuchow and Kanchow line**\n| Start from | Pass through | End at | Connection | Length |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Shiuchow | Nanyung, Nanan, Kauchow, Kian | Nanchang | To connect Ningpo-Singtan line, Nanning-Chumchow line | about 1,110 li (Chinese) |\n\n**(5.) Canton and Ningpo line**\n| Start from | Pass through | End at | Connection | Length |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Canton | Tsengshin, Weichow, Chaochow, Chaoan, Changchow, Foochow, Wenchow, Taichow | Ningpo | Shanghai, Hangchow and Ningpo line | about 2,500 li (Chinese) |\n\n**(6) Pingnam and Langchow line**\n| Start from | Pass through | End at | Connection | Length |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Pingnam | Kweilisien, Nanning | Lungchow | Aunan Railway | about 800 li (Chinese) |\n\n### Enclosure 3 in No. 1\n\n**Copy of Railway Contract between Messrs. Paget and the Director-General of Railways of Eight Chinese Provinces**\n\n**MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT** entered into this the day of March, in the 9th year of the Republic of China and the year 1920 A.D. by and between his Excellency Tsen Chun Hsuan, director-general of railways of eight provinces, namely, Yunnan, Kweichow, Szechuan, Shenei, Kwangtung, Kwangsi, Hunan and Fukien, and Charles S. Paget, Esq., of Messrs. Paget and Liang, civil engineers, Canton, China.\n\nWHEREAS his Excellency Ts'en Chun Hsuan, being desirous of improving the industrial and productive works and promoting the general welfare of the inhabitants of the Republic of China, being duly authorised by the Administrative Council of the Military Government of South China, proposes to obtain a loan from the American engineer, Charles S. Paget, for the purpose of constructing the following railway lines. This loan will be to the amount of dollars, United States currency, more or less, as may be determined in the final agreement.\n\nBoth parties hereby agree to the following terms:—\n\n1. This loan is for the purpose of investigating, surveying, estimating, constructing and equipping the undermentioned railway lines in the provinces of—Kwangtung, Yunnan, Szechuan, Kwangsi, Kweichow, Hunan, Sheusi, and Fukien.\n\nThe total length being some 12,500 li (Chinese), or 4,200 English miles, more or less, as may be hereafter determined.\n\n2. This loan shall be secured and the following determined in the final agreement: its issue price, the rate of interest, duration of loan, dates of payment to the railway administration of the net proceeds of each advance and method of repayment.\n\n3. The final agreement shall be entered into at the expiration of the preliminary agreement, or at an earlier date if both parties come to such understanding.\n\n4. In consideration of the magnitude of the undertaking, the Administrative Council, through its director, agrees to give Mr. Charles S. Paget eight months from the date of this agreement, in which the necessary investigations and preliminary reconnaissance surveys, estimates, reports and negotiations can be carried out, and they further agree at the end of this period of eight months that if substantial progress has been made toward a favourable consideration of the project Mr. Charles S. Paget shall be given necessary extension of time, if required, to thoroughly complete the negotiations.\n\nPage 448",
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        "page_number": 504,
        "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "# Report on a Journey of Investigation into the Cultivation of the Opium Poppy in South Fukien, jointly with Officials appointed by the Chinese Government, by Mr. Turner.\n\nThe delegates selected by the Central and Provincial Governments respectively were Mr. Sou Gee Chuang, an official of the Board of the Interior, and Mr. Chan I'ai Kong, Taotai of Foochow and President of the Anti-Opium Bureau of Fukien. Mr. E. Cheers, of the Straits Settlement Police Service, acted as interpreter in the Amoy dialect, which is current in all the districts visited except Hing Hua, Sien Yu, and Hok Ching, south of Foochow.\n\nA rough map is attached showing the route taken, which embraced all the former principal poppy-growing centres of South Fukien. The distance covered was approximately 1,600 li, or 530 English miles, the journey occupying twenty-five days - from the 23rd February to the 19th March. In all, seventeen districts were examined out of a total of thirty-two comprised in the lower portion of the province.\n\nIn the first district visited, that of Hai Teng, the vigorous measures taken in the autumn by the local authorities checked extensive sowing, though a certain amount was discovered by the opium inspector in January and uprooted. In the spring of 1913, Captain Connelly, of the Hong Kong garrison, whilst on a shooting expedition, found large areas under poppy cultivation in the vicinity of Chhe Nia and the authorities taking no apparent action, but a local convert of Kang Boe, a neighbouring village, informed me that this region is now quite free. From reports of native pastors, I also learned that no poppy now existed in the broad belt of coast land south of Amoy and Hai Teng. (I have since heard from a missionary that he travelled through the whole of this country at the beginning of March without finding a trace of poppy.)\n\nForeigners who had recently made the journey from Changpu to Amoy having reported that the main route via O Sai had been cleared of poppy, I chose the northern road from Hai Teng, which branches off due west at T'eh Chui Ying, turning south again at Koan Jim through the Tng Kio and Kio Lai. As far as could be judged, this part of the country was now almost entirely given up to rice cultivation, the Nan Ch'i River and its tributaries affording an abundant water supply. Between Tng Kio, where we were met by a military officer in charge of 700 soldiers sent to uproot the poppy, and Changpu several fields where opium had been pulled up were passed, these being readily distinguished from the fact that, having been confiscated, they were now overgrown with weeds. Last spring, this region was one of the chief poppy-growing centres of the district. As far as I could gather, the soldiers arrived in December, meeting with no little resistance before the plant was eventually all destroyed.\n\nThe Changpu authorities appear to have counterbalanced their indifference of last spring, when there was extended cultivation throughout the district, by extreme severity in the autumn. Mr. Watson, of the English Presbyterian Mission at Changpu, told me that he was prepared to state positively that not a plant remained in the whole country between Changpu and Hai Teng, with the possible exception of a small patch hidden in a secluded valley near Toa Pu, of which he had heard many vague rumours. Mr. Watson's opinions were based partly on the declarations of the native pastors of his district at a recent conference at O Sai, and partly on personal observation during his periodical visits to native mission stations.\n\nFrom Changpu to Yunsiao, the road lies for some 8 or 9 miles over a broad, sandy, barren plain up to a range of hills some 1,200 feet high, crossed by a low pass, with a fertile valley producing rice, sugar-cane, barley, and beans on the other side. From Pan To Hsu to Tunsiao, the country is too hilly to suit the poppy, which requires the rich soil of the plains and a sheltered situation to thrive to perfection, and the task of the local authorities has accordingly been comparatively light. I learned that the district opium inspector had conducted a very strict examination in October and November last, whilst the magistrate himself informed me that of the thirty days he had been in office, twenty had been spent in scouring the country for any heads that might have eluded the observation of the inspector and his staff. Native reports confirmed the magistrate's assurance that no poppy was now left in the district.\n\nAt Chao An, I called on Father David de Miguel of the Roman Catholic Mission, who informed me that it was possible that a small quantity of poppy might still remain in the second tu or division of the magistracy, though the magistrate had a few weeks previously, on hearing of the tour of inspection, made a journey in person through this region and had a thorough uprooting. He was unable to say for certain if all had been removed, but assured me that the rest of the district was free, the people having been thoroughly scared by the arrival of the northern soldiers. The present magistrate, Mr. Chang Tseng Pa, has held office for six months. His predecessor took no steps to put a stop to the cultivation of the poppy, for which and for general maladministration he was eventually arrested and sent to Foochow for trial. Mr. Chang, on the other hand, has the reputation of being a very keen suppressionist and an able official; at the beginning of his campaign, he was placed in a difficulty by the opposition of the gentry, of whom a few leading members were financially interested in the cultivation of the drug, and were supporting the farmers in resisting the authorities. Mr. Chang promptly arrested two of the most influential, and has since had the support of the remainder. He told me that barley and tobacco were largely replacing the former opium crops. This applies in fact to the whole of the country west of Changchow, the large areas under tobacco, the leaf of which is, however, of an inferior quality, being particularly noticeable.\n\nThe country between Chao An and Ping Ho, on the borders of Kuangtung province, is little frequented by foreigners, and no reports had been received regarding the opium measures in force there. Consequently, although this part of the province has never had the reputation of being a large opium-producing centre, I was anxious to discover whether as clean a sweep had been made as in those districts nearer to the control of the high provincial authorities. Practically the whole of the 60 miles between Chao An and Ping Ho is mountainous, but the hill slopes are mostly under terrace cultivation and the valleys rich with a vast variety of native crops, rice, barley, sugar-cane, and sweet potatoes being the staple products.\n\nAfter leaving Chao An, we passed through the second tu of the district, where I had been informed there was a possibility of finding poppy, but I discovered neither traces of it nor signs of recently disturbed fields. This is probably explained by the fact that in practice, confiscated land is frequently sold back to the village or clan to which it belonged, the penalty for growing the forbidden plant being thus a double fine.\n\nAs regards the Ping Ho district, little pressure was required to induce the farmers to abandon cultivation, and it had not been found necessary to call for troops. At Sio Khe, a local missionary informed me that suppression measures had been most severe, and that, so far as the strict enquiries he had made went, the district was quite free from poppy. A native pastor had, however, informed him that a small patch was being grown in a secluded spot 20 miles north of Lung Shan; but Mr. Vosknil was confident that, if such were indeed the case, it was not being grown with the connivance of the opium inspector, of whom he spoke very highly. I was unable to ascertain the exact locality of the field.\n\nFrom native sources at Lam Ching, I learned that young poppy had been freely uprooted in December, the owner of one field being fined 800 dollars. On the whole, however, the autumn sowing had not been excessive. A reward of 100 dollars was being offered for information of any poppy still growing instead of the usual percentage of the fine imposed. Here, as elsewhere, all sorts of rumours with regard to the inspection of the province were current, the country people firmly believing that if any opium were discovered, both the grower and the district magistrate would be shot and a fine of several hundred thousand dollars demanded by the British Government.\n\nAt Changt'ai, from all accounts, the magistrate, Mr. Sou Gee Chen, a brother of the metropolitan delegate, appears to have cleared his district thoroughly. I passed through the chief former opium-growing region, and found it now almost entirely under barley.\n\nFrom Changt'ai, I took a by-road through Be Iun and Pho Tan to Koan Khau, where no traces of a former large poppy-field were now visible. The aspect of the country here changes, the hills of the west giving way to a broad plain, across which a clear view of several miles is obtained on all sides. Between Koan Khau and Ch'uan Chow lies the largest poppy-producing district of Fukien, the yield of former years in the Tong An district, according to semi-official Chinese estimates, being 50 per cent of that of the whole province.\n\nThe zone of greatest activity lies immediately south of Teng An itself, particularly in the neighbourhood of Mahang. For this reason, Teng An has been...\n\nPage 27\n\n... \n\nPage 503",
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        "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "# Enclosure 1 in No. 21\n\n## Mr. Teichman to Sir J. Jordan\n\n**British Legation, Peking, September 30, 1915**\n\nI HAVE the honour to report that I have carried out a joint inspection of opium cultivation in Kansu in conjunction with Mr. Chang Wei, of the Wai-chiao Pu, and that the result of our investigation shows that the cultivation of the poppy in that province has been successfully suppressed. During a journey extending over the whole summer, in the course of which we travelled some 1,700 miles by road within the borders of the province and visited many unfrequented districts, we did not see a single field of growing poppy.\n\nThe greater part of the province of Kansu suffers from insufficient rainfall, and the cultivation of the opium poppy on a large scale has always been confined to certain favoured regions where the rainfall is more abundant, or where the water supply is sufficient to permit of regular irrigation being practised. The chief of these regions are: the Yellow River and neighbouring valleys round Lanchow; the Yellow River valley round Ninghsia in the north; the valleys of the Sining River round Nienpo, and of the P'ingfan River south of Pingfan in the west; the T'ao River valley near Titao; the Wei River valley from Kungeh'ang to Ch'inchow; the districts of P'ingliang and Chingchow on the Shensi border; the southern slopes of the Tsinling mountains in the south-east; and the irrigated areas between the Nanshan mountains and the Alashan desert in the west of the province, notably the Liangchow plain.\n\nI visited all these districts during the season with the exception of the Ninghsia plain through which we passed on our return journey in the early autumn, and am of the opinion that very little opium was harvested in any of them this summer. The best opium in Kansu was formerly produced in the Liangchow plain and other irrigated regions in the north-west of the province, whence it was exported almost exclusively to Mukden, Tientsin, and Taiyuanfu by the desert route. Poppy was planted in the Liangchow neighbourhood this spring, but the crop was, I believe, in every case destroyed by the officials while it was yet young. We made a careful inspection of this plain, which consists of a string of oases of great fertility running north into the desert beyond Chenfan, and saw no signs of opium cultivation. Poppy was also planted on a small scale and subsequently uprooted by the officials in the districts of Ningyuan and Fuchiang (Wei Valley), Chingchow (Shensi border), and Ninghsia (in the north). In a remote valley in the mountains south of Fuchiang, where I had information of secret cultivation, there was evidence of poppy having been uprooted a few hours before our arrival. This crop, a very small one, would have been harvested had the inspecting party not visited that particular valley, and it is probable that a certain amount of poppy has been grown in similar secluded localities to which neither our party nor the numerous Chinese inspectors found their way. The mountainous character of almost the whole of Kansu province, and the badness of the tracks which serve as roads, render all travel off the few main trade routes extraordinarily difficult and arduous. But the amount of opium produced secretly in this manner would be quite insignificant.\n\nWhen travelling in the south of the province, I heard rumours of the poppy being cultivated in the mountainous country west of Minchow and T'aochow inhabited by semi-independent Tibetan tribes. These reports applied more particularly to a lawless tribe living south of the Minshan mountains on the Szechuan border, whither it was impossible for me to penetrate without abandoning the inspection of more important poppy-growing centres in the west. It was, however, evident from our journey from T'aochow to Labrang and Hochow, when we travelled by an unfrequented route through country inhabited solely by Tibetans, that the latter had not taken to growing the poppy. In spite of the elevation of most of this part of Kansu, we passed through many deep sheltered valleys, warm and fertile enough to grow good crops of corn, without finding a trace of poppy cultivation.\n\nAn enormous crop of opium, worth many millions of taels, was harvested in Kansu in the summer of 1913. It was heavily taxed, so that both the cultivators and the provincial revenues benefited. The people were at the same time given to understand that they would not be permitted to grow the poppy another season. This prohibition, though hindered by the unsettled state of affairs brought about by the presence of the White Wolf rebels in the south of the province, was largely carried into effect in 1914, and practically complete suppression was arrived at this year.\n\nAny infraction of the prohibition of cultivation is now punishable by death. Successful suppression within so short a period as two years is due to the energetic and determined attitude of the present Governor, General Chang Kuang-chien, towards the opium question. He appears to have been on the whole well served by his district magistrates, with whom rests the responsibility of seeing that the prohibition is really carried out. Unfortunately, the suppression of poppy growing has not been unaccompanied by abuses and extortion on the part of small officials and Yamen underlings in outlying districts. The people complained in many districts of soldiers and Yamen runners searching the fields for solitary heads of poppy growing as weeds amongst the other crops, and in some cases even of planting poppies secretly on the land of innocent farmers for the purposes of extortion.\n\nAn acre of irrigated land in Kansu will produce a crop of opium worth ten times as much as a crop of wheat grown on the same plot; while owing to its high value and small bulk, opium is a particularly suitable commodity to handle for purposes of trade and export in a province without proper means of communication, either within its own borders or with the rest of China.\n\nThe poppy is being replaced by cereals, hemp, and tobacco; but enough cereals are already grown for local consumption, while their bulk renders them unsuitable for purposes of trade; and the cultivation and manufacture of the latter are confined to certain localities. Opium suppression entails, therefore, particular hardships for the purely agricultural population of Kansu, and in view of this, and of the large number of confirmed smokers in the province, the greatest vigilance will be necessary to prevent recrudescence of cultivation during the next few years, more especially while the lax conditions at present prevailing in the adjoining province of Shensi are permitted to continue. The people have doubtless kept stocks of seed which, in that dry climate, will remain fertile for years.\n\nConsumption of native opium in Kansu continues without any restrictions, and the number of confirmed smokers in the province is very large. I was informed by the provincial authorities at Lanchow that the matter would soon be taken in hand, and that they were at present engaged in enquiring into the number of smokers in each district with the idea of introducing some scheme of progressive reduction in the consumption of each individual smoker leading to complete cessation in a specified period according to age. Nothing, however, is likely to be done in the matter, as the people of Kansu, submissive and patient by nature, have been so bullied by the officials during the past two years over opium suppression and the collection of innumerable new and vexatious taxes, that the latter do not consider it safe to make a serious attempt to prohibit opium smoking. Further, local consumption is not likely to be effectively suppressed until the large stocks of native-grown opium at present in the province are exhausted. In the meantime, the high price of the drug—2,600 cash (about 2 dollars Mexican) per Chinese ounce in Lanchow—tends to discourage consumption except amongst the confirmed smokers.\n\nWhile the provincial authorities in Lanchow admit that no attempt is at present being made to interfere with consumption, the attitude of the local officials in some of the outlying districts is very vague on the subject. Thus, while at Chinchow, the seat of a Taoyin (Superintendent of Circuit), the streets reeked of burning opium after nightfall and smokers could be seen through half-closed doors enjoying their pipes, in the district of Li Hsien, forming part of the Ch'inchow Circuit, proclamations were posted announcing that anyone sowing, selling, or smoking opium would be shot. Such notices were, of course, meaningless and posted for our benefit. No definite scheme exists for regulating the trade in native opium, which is still permitted to continue, in some places under taxation by licence, in others without any restrictions, according to the ideas of the local officials on the subject. Its transport through the province is taxed by means of special opium li-kin offices, which reap a rich but declining harvest. The result of such legalised trade in native opium is that large quantities of the Kansu-grown drug are smuggled into the other provinces of China. This secret export follows three main routes: through Mongolia to North China and Manchuria; via Sianfu and Tungkuan into Honan (in which province, owing to strict suppressive measures, the profits on smuggled opium are enormous); and via the Han Valley to Hankow.\n\nOur arrival in Kansu gave rise to much talk about suppressing all traffic in native opium, and I was informed by the provincial authorities that they were about to bring the trade to an end. But in the meantime, it furnishes a means of getting rid of the stocks in the province. These stocks are very large, and if left to be consumed locally would last for decades.\n\nOur itinerary was as follows: from Miench'ih (the railhead in Honan) to Sian, ... \n\n42 \n43 \n511",
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        "content_text": "# \n## 106\n\nThe province was practically clean of the poppy (except for a slight recrudescence at the time of the revolution of 1911) for some years, until cultivation recommenced during 1918 and 1919 in the extreme west near the borders of the tribal country, and also in the east along the Yang-tsze above and below Chungking. No reliable reports have been received in regard to the situation in the west, but, as regards the east of the province, His Majesty's consul at Chungking reports that there is conclusive evidence to show that considerable progress has been made towards suppression again.\n\nAs regards Kueichou, His Majesty's consul-general at Yunnan-fu reports that every encouragement short of written authority has been given by the provincial authorities to grow the poppy, and that a special bureau under the guise of a Military Accounts Department has been instituted to collect the revenue from the opium produced. The opium has been seen growing in the districts of Chenyuan, Shihping, Hsinchow, Huanping, Chingping, Pingyueh, Huanghsien, Kueiting, Lungli, Kueiyang, Chingchen, Anping, Anshun, Ch'ienhsi, and Chihchin, and in the month of May, the reaping of the opium crop was paralysing all other work.\n\nAs regards Yunnan, reports state that opium was grown this year in the districts of Chaotung, Tungchuan, Lutien, Kutsing, Luchuan, Wuting, Hsuntien, Yuanmow, Karwa, Kwangnan, Tengchung, Likiang, Chienchuan, Hoching, and elsewhere; in fact, generally speaking, almost all over the province where the soil and climate are suitable. In one district, the price of opium was 1 dollar per ounce in February, 50 cents in March, and 30 cents in May.\n\n## Manchuria (Fengtien, Kirin, Heilungchiang)\n\nA small amount of cultivation has been carried on in mountainous parts on the borders of the three provinces, notably on the Korean frontier. The inspecting officials are no doubt often squared, but inspection and suppression are by no means easily carried out in these wild regions.\n\n## Hsinchiang\n\nReports on the cultivation of the poppy this spring in Chinese Turkestan have not yet been received.\n\n## Summary\n\nTo sum up, the poppy is shown to have been cultivated on a fairly extensive scale this season in the following provinces: Shensi, Hunan, Hupei, Honan, Fukien, Kueichou, Yunnan, and Szechuan. The Southern authorities are nominally responsible for the cultivation in Hunan, Hupei, Fukien, Kueichou, Yunnan, and Szechuan; and the Peking Government for cultivation in Fukien, Honan, and Shensi. In general, it may be taken that the military authorities, who are in most cases a law unto themselves, and whom the Southern and Northern Governments cannot or dare not coerce into obedience, are entirely to blame for the cultivation which continues.\n\n## June 1920\n\n## No. 46\n\n**Mr. Clive to Earl Curzon**.-(Received January 28, 1921.)\n\nMy Lord,\n\nPeking, November 27, 1920. I HAVE the honour to transmit herewith a copy of correspondence with the Wai-chiao Pu respecting opium cultivation in the province of Fukien.\n\nAs your Lordship will observe, the attitude of the Chinese authorities towards the question gives every cause for dissatisfaction. Not only Fukien but very many other provinces of China are drifting rapidly back to the state of things existing before the opium treaties, and the amount of opium now grown - more or less openly - in China is so great as to make the attempt to kill the abuse by preventing importation from abroad little more than a farce. One result of this lamentable condition is that Chinese-grown opium is constantly smuggled from place to place within the country, and it is a cause of bitter complaint by British owners of Yang-tsze steamers that their ships are frequently stopped and penalised by the customs authorities because smuggled opium has been found on board, having been stowed away by members of the native crew helped by accomplices on shore without the knowledge of the ship's officers or any of the Europeans concerned. The difficulty of detecting the hidden opium during the voyage is, of course, very great when the crew are banded together, and resolute action against smuggling by the ship's officers has, in at least one recent case, resulted in the murder of the zealous officer.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n## Enclosure 1 in No. 46\n\n**Wai-chiao Pu to Mr. Clive**\n\nR. H. CLIVE.\n\n(Translation.) Sir,\n\nAugust 2, 1920. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of Sir Beilby Alston's letter of the 12th May, in which he enclosed three photographs of poppy fields in full bloom in the province of Fukien, two in a part under northern jurisdiction and one under southern jurisdiction. The latter expressed the hope that an example would be made of those responsible.\n\nOn receipt of the above letter, this Ministry wrote to the officer occupying the joint posts of Military and Civil Governor requesting him secretly to send an officer to the localities concerned for the purpose of making an investigation. From the reply which has now been received from him, it is learnt that, disregarding the photograph of poppy fields in a part of Fukien under southern jurisdiction, he handed the remaining two photographs to the former magistrate of Te-hua district, Li Hung-chou, and to his own aide-de-camp, Liu Chin-yung, and despatched these officers to make a close examination of the localities concerned. He had subsequently received from them the following joint report :-\n\n\"We proceeded together on the 1st June with all speed to the territory of P'u-t'ien, and after exhaustive search in all directions discovered not so much as the trace of a single poppy plant within the lines occupied by our forces. But at Hue-t'ing and Hou Shan, two places on the boundary of the Tien and Hsien-yu districts, opium has been illicitly cultivated in a few places, and here Mr. Cole took a couple of photographs. These two places are both some 10 miles from the district city, and taking the distance into consideration, they are probably the two photographs of places referred to in the British Minister's note as being within northern jurisdiction. Thus, there can be no doubt that the places where the photographs were taken were Hua-t'ing and Hou Shan.\n\n\"Now these two localities are in the neutral ground between the northern and southern lines. In general, the troops keep strictly within their own lines for fear lest, by crossing the boundary agreed upon, misunderstandings and collisions might arise. In consequence, the above two places were rarely visited by our forces, with the result that a few of the stupid and ignorant country people, greedy for their petty profits, engaged in illicit cultivation. Subsequently, the district magistrate, Pao Wei, discovered the state of affairs, and wrote on the 28th April requesting Colonel Wang Hsien Ch'en to send his aide-de-camp Ch'en K'an to the locality in order to enforce the uprooting of the crop, and the country was then cleared of the poppy. The remainder of the Pu Han territory is entirely under northern control, and in none of the places through which we passed was there any trace of the poppy.\"\n\nThe Military Governor, when forwarding the above report, observes that it appears that the two photographs sent by the British Minister were taken at places in the neutral zone between the northern and southern lines, and that as soon as poppy cultivation was discovered, officers were sent to uproot it and clear the country of the crop; it can be seen that he, in his capacity of Military and of Civil Governor, together with his subordinates, has been not insincere in his efforts to suppress opium. The Governor requests me to write to you in accordance with his reply.\n\nIn transmitting the above to you for your information, I avail, &c.\n\n**(Seal of the Wai-chiao Pu)**\n\n## 107 \n## 543",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt",
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    {
        "id": 490234,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "page_number": 725,
        "title": "CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "## \n18 \nA. S. Watson and Co. (Kulangsu). Ice factory. \nShanghai Electric and Asbestos Company (Kulangsu). Electric light. \nChangchow Electric Light Company (Changchow). Electric light. \n\nSwatow- \nSwatow Aerated Water Company. Aerated water factory. \nSwatow Ice Company. Ice factory. \nFoochow China Import and Export Lumber Company. Saw mills. \nChengtu- \nCanadian Methodist Mission. Electric light plant. \nCanadian Methodist Mission. Printing works. \nChinkiang-Municipal Council of British Concession. \nNanking. International Export Company (Kiangsu). factory, egg packing. \nChefoo-- \nJ. MacMullen and Co. \nH. E. Railton and Co. \nFrank W. Smith and Co. \nLace and hair net factory \nLace and hair net factory. \nElectric light plant. \nLace and hair net factory. \nJ. MacMullen and Co. Printing works. \nIce and cold storage \nWuchow. Tien Wo Engineering Works (Banker and Co.). Engineering works. \nPeking. Peking Electric Light Company. Electric light. \nMukden. British Cigarette Company. Cigarette factory. \nHarbin. The Anglo-Chinese Eastern Trading Company. Oil mill. \nPakhoi. Pakhoi Mission Press (Church Missionary Society). Printing works. \n\nIt may also be observed that the Asiatic Petroleum Company (British) and the Standard Oil Company (American) have kerosene oil tanks and tin-making factories at most of the treaty ports; and so far this business remains entirely in the hands of these two companies. The only other foreign firms which are so widely distributed throughout the cities of China are the British and American Tobacco Company and the Singer Sewing Machine Company. \n\nGeographically speaking, Hong Kong and Shanghai are the pillars of the British position. Economically speaking, our principal assets are our commercial and industrial position at Hong Kong, and our preponderance hitherto in trade, banking and finance, in railway construction, shipping and marine engineering and our important share in the cotton industry of Shanghai. \n\n## APPENDIX II \n(Information supplied by Department of Overseas Trade and Office of His Majesty's Commercial Counsellor, Shanghai.) \n\n### British General Merchants in Hong Kong \n| Company | Address in London |\n| --- | --- |\n| Arnhold Brothers and Co. (Limited) | Arnhold Brothers, 14, Fenchurch Street |\n| Bradley and Co. (Limited) | Richardsons, Billiter Square Buildings, E.C. 2 |\n| Caldbeck, Macgregor and Co. (Limited) |  |\n| Dodwell and Co. (Limited) |  |\n| S. J. David and Co. | 24, St. Mary Axe, E.C. 3 |\n| Gibb, Livingston and Co. | Win. Forbes and Co., 110, Cannon Street, E.C.4 |\n| Gilman and Co. | J. Palmer, Jr., and Co., Frederick Place, Old Jewry, E.C. |\n| W. A. Hannibal and Co. |  |\n| Hong Kong Mercantile Company (Limited) |  |\n| W. G. Humphreys and Co. | 18–20, Creechurch Lane, E.C. 3 |\n| John D. Humphreys and Son | 64, Crutched Friars, E.C. 3 |\n| John D. Hutchinson and Co. | Power, Power and Co., 5, Mark Lane, E.C. 3 |\n| A. G. Kidston and Co. | 148, Fenchurch Street, E.C. 3 |\n| Jardine, Matheson and Co. (Limited) | Matheson and Co. (Limited), 3, Lombard Street, E.C. 3 |\n| W. R. Loxley and Co. | 34, Lime Street, E.C. 3 |\n| Macdonald and Co. | A. R. Brown, Macfarlane and Co. (Limited), 19, St. Vincent Place, Glasgow |\n| Reiss and Co. | Holland House, Bury Street, St. Mary Axe, E.C. 3 |\n| Robertson, Wilson and Co. | Bush Thompson (Limited), 155, Gt. Charles Street, Birmingham |\n| Alex Ross and Co. | 13, Whitechapel, Liverpool |\n| U. Rumjahn and Co. |  |\n| David Sassoon and Co. (Limited) | 12, Leadenhall Street, E.C. 3 |\n| E. D. Sassoon and Co. |  |\n| Shewan Tomes and Co. | 31-33, Lime Street, E.C. 3 |\n| Harry Wicking and Co. | James Morrison and Co. (Limited), 5, Fenchurch Street, E.C. 3 |\n\n19 \n\n## APPENDIX III \n(Information supplied by Department of Overseas Trade, and Office of His Majesty's Commercial Counsellor, Shanghai.) \n\n### British General Merchants in China \n| Company | Location in China | Address in London/Other |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Arnhold Brothers and Co. (Limited) | Shanghai, Hankow, Canton | 14, Fenchurch Street, E.C. 3 |\n| Arthur and Co. | 20, Nanking Road, Shanghai | 78, Queen Street, Glasgow |\n| Barlow and Co. | 5, Kiukiang Road, Shanghai | T. Barlow and Brother, 49, Eastcheap, E.C. 3 |\n| S. T. Barma | 7, Kiangse Road, Shanghai |  |\n| Barry and Dodwell (Limited) | Chungking |  |\n| Bathgate and Co. | Foochow |  |\n| Bowern and Co. | 8, Museum Road, Shanghai |  |\n| Boyd and Co. | Amoy |  |\n| Bradley and Co. | 2a, Kiukiang Road, Shanghai, and Swatow | Messrs. Richardsons, Billiter Square Buildings, E.C. 3 |\n| H. S. Brand and Co. | Foochow |  |\n| A. R. Burkill and Sons | 2, Kiukiang Road, Shanghai |  |\n| Caldbeck, Macgregor and Co., Ltd. | Shanghai, Tientsin, Hankow, Peking |  |\n| Calder Marshall and Co. (Limited) | 32a, Nanking Road, Shanghai |  |\n| Cawasjee Pallanjee and Co. | 19, Kiukiang Road, Shanghai |  |\n| Central China Import Company | 77, Szechuan Road, Shanghai |  |\n| The China Agents Company | 8, Nanking Road, Shanghai |  |\n| The China Silk and Agency Company (Limited) | 18, Museum Road, Shanghai |  |\n| Collins and Co. | 1, Taku Road, Tientsin | 70, Gracechurch Street, E.C. 3 |\n| Comerford and Co. | Shanghai |  |\n| Cornabé, Eckford and Co. | Chefoo, Tsingtao |  |\n| S. J. David and Co. (Limited) | Shanghai | J. Elliott and Sons, Bush Lane House, E.C. 4 |\n| F. R. Dastoor and Co. | 10, Hankow Road, Shanghai |  |\n| Deacon and Co. | Canton |  |\n| Alfred Dent and Co. | 5, Kiukiang Road, Shanghai |  |\n| Dick Bellamy and Co. | 17, The Bund, Shanghai |  |\n| H. C. Dixon and Co. (Limited) | 5, Canton Road, Shanghai |  |\n| Dodwell and Co. (Limited) | Shanghai, Hankow and Foochow | 24, St. Mary Axe, E.C. 3 |\n| Dowler, Forbes and Co (China) (Limited) | Shanghai |  |\n| Duncan and Co. | 5, Canton Road, Shanghai | A. R. Brown, Macfarlane and Co., 19, St. Vincent Place, Glasgow |\n| W. Dutton and Co. | 12, Hankow Road, Shanghai |  |\n| The Eastern Trading Company | 13, Kiukiang Road, Shanghai | St. Giles, Dorset, England |\n| Edgar Brothers and Co. | Newchwang, North China | \n\n20 \n| [7320 no] | \nD 2 \n723",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-471 - Public Offices - 1921.txt",
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        "id": 490406,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-472 - Others - 1921",
        "page_number": 98,
        "title": "CO129-472 - Others - 1921",
        "content_text": "## NAME OF STEAMER | GROSS TONS\n| --- | ---\nCHANGCHOW | 1948\nCHEKIANG | 2172\nCHENAN | 2209\nCHENG TU | 2219\nCHIHLI | 1962\nCHINHUA | 2207\nCHINKIANG | 1986\nCHUSAN | 2217\nFENGTEN | 1765\nFOOCHOW | 1994\nHANYANG | 1956\nHUI CHOW | 2001\nHUNAN | 1862\nHUPEH | 1951\nI CHANG | 1984\nKAI FONG | 1622\nKAN CHOW | 2001\nKANSU | 1862\nKASHING | 1862\nKIUKIANG | 1985\nKUFI CHOW | 2001\nKWANGSE | 1985\nKWEILIN | 1742\nLIANGCHOW | 1999\nLINAN | 2211\nLUCHOW | 2000\nNINGPO | 1985\nPAKHOI | 1992\nFAOTING | 1742\nSHAN TUNG | 2549\nSHANSI | 1984\nSHUNTIEN | 1758\nSINGAN | 1654\nSINKIANG | 2646\nSOOCHOW | 2590\nSUI YANG | 2590\nSUNNING | 2555\nSZECHUEN | 2590\nTAMING | 2209\nTEAN | 2202\n(T) | 96\ni",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-472 - Others - 1921.txt",
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    {
        "id": 501638,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 665,
        "title": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "656\n\nA\n\nbarking; it is reported that they were received by the Tupan who took them to see Lu, but the latter refused to discuss any terms and merely stated that he intended sending his troops to Kiangsu.\n\nIn the 15th (Ong Chion-fei's troops moved out about ten miles to Kotze, the first station on the railway towards Nanking; they were joined by reinforcements from Changchow and, it is said, Changhai. If reports were correct there must have been between 8,000 and 9,000 troops at Kotze, but in view of the feeble resistance made it is likely that the numbers were exaggerated. I was, in actual fact, informed by a military officer on the railway that the troops at Kotze were barely sufficient to hold up the advance from Nanking and that a telegram had been sent down the line to the effect that further reinforcements were not needed.\n\nMuch apprehension was caused by the report that three Chinese merchant steamers had been commandeered at Nanking and were being loaded with troops with a view to attacking Chinkiang by river, and other reports seemed to indicate that a column of Lu's troops was moving across country direct to Tanyang with the object of cutting the railway between here and Changhai.\n\nIn the morning of the 17th it was reported that Zengtien troops had landed above Golden Island, about two miles from the concession, and were moving on the railway station. By 8 a.m. the sound of rifle firing was very distinct and this continued more or less throughout the forenoon with occasional field-gun fire. From the top of the Compulsory Hill the defending force could be clearly seen in action, though they did not seem to have much idea of what they were firing at. A field-gun was in action.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 501641,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 668,
        "title": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "659\n\n1.J O.L\n\nALJINUS > VSTIÁS EL\n\n• Exo Tu...* VİToves tom vil» Tsalitò\n\nejojvjo ano di a\n\nELGI DE\n\nUTI NA 20 silleron ərid is\n\n+\n\n→\n\na 01 EITO PTO DVPA\n\n. (4367yong ni ese donGH 12 JANỆ\n\n,nologuɔ100 #da not sonel b 16 meusz\n\nvid in a Ikonumu súð nɔɖw bayrevím chef\n\noru 10 mond vita ne and`s ndi „noltunego oni joq ed ng\n\nValjinovéu. In\n\nvi to go. Ma de vara mu to amen vd meto Jens inter emni pied doma na (38-Iluhou so, web-a dout wɔdT\n\nVILTISH A Lebowzi Bus [19]MOTOOO\"\n\nKULAIDOSO, #ds abinsaw anivii 276.\n\nelemaonos erts qunt\n\nAND N\n\n10\n\n.\n\nw\n\n1011\n\nme mat . to e\n\n41338 JOGU DA A\n\nJe m''''\n\nkwa\n\n‚stiek). Chimoi\n\n2.1.\n\n.f BU OY\n\n103\n\n1...\n\nJA JASAV.\n\nJ\n\n**\n\nVAL TOTAL\n\nJaun. YX\n\n+\n\n20 BJio:\n\nJ\n\nVib sib q\n\nPARA\n\n2\n\nA\n\nNV\n\n\"\n\nי\n\nBEAM VIS DAMI GATA\n\nو لبلدة\n\n4\n\nanwi\n\naj\n\n11 2010)] ~ 50 r\n\nSAW OU\n\n750TG NA KAnox yada urody of ac\n\neasier for the Concession police the commanding officer of H.M.S.\"Cockchafer\", after consultation with myself, posted\n\na guard of two sailors at each of the Bund gates with orders that the gates were not to be opened except under his instructions or my own and the gates were, in fact,\n\nopened once to permit the passage of a gun.\n\nAs soon as I heard that General Chang Tsung-chang\n\nhad himself arrived, I sent him my car with the request that he would be good enough to give orders that troops were not to attempt to enter the Concession, The General sent back a courteous reply and the required orders were given, with the result that no further incidents of this\n\nnature occurred.\n\nI have not yet been able to obtain any definite information as to what took place at Kaotze. There must have been a certain amount of fighting but the resistance offered by the Chinkiang troops appears to have been very feeble. It is not unlikely that the troops who had come from lower down the line, realizing that they were in danger of being outflanked both by road and river, took an early opportunity of getting together all available locomotives and rolling stock and retreated to Tanyang; those that remained were either captured or dispersed through the hills. No resistance was offered by the forts here; I am told that the men had all been bought over a week before the attack took place. During the 17th one shot was fired from the fort on Silver Island at a launch passing down river, and that was all. The main body of the attack did not halt long in Chinkiang but pushed on towards Tanyang; by the evening of the 18th railway communication with Nanking had been re-established and on the 19th with Changchow. There appears to have been fighting at Tantu,\n\nbetween",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925.txt",
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    {
        "id": 501642,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 669,
        "title": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "Between Tanyang and Changchew, as several Russian wounded were brought back from that district last night. Unless Chinkiang makes a determined stand behind Soochow, it seems likely that Lu will be in Shanghai within a few days.\n\nChinkiang has been very fortunate in that its occupation has been effected with such little difficulty and with very little local disturbance. A certain amount of looting took place near the North Gate during the night of the 16th, and I have been told that some of the Russian soldiers have been entering private houses and molesting women, but taking everything into consideration, the situation has been and still remains remarkably quiet.\n\nGeneral Chang Tsung-ch'ang left on the morning of the 20th and handed over charge of military affairs to General Lou Yu-ch'ing, who has established himself temporarily in the headquarters of the Canton Guild close to this Consulate. Lung Ch'ang-yun (龔青雲) has been appointed commander of the Chinkiang forts, a position which he occupied in pre-Republic days. It is said that Lung has been given this appointment as a reward for his having bought over the men in the forts prior to the recent attack.\n\nI have no information as to General Lou's previous career, but the General sent an English-speaking officer who, I ascertained, was recently a telegraph operator at Suchowfu, to see me this afternoon with a message to the effect that he would do his utmost to maintain peace and order and to protect the lives and property of foreigners.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925.txt",
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    {
        "id": 501648,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 675,
        "title": "CO129-490 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "605\n\nequipped brigade some 4000 in number marched to the International Settlement and down the Jessfield Road until they were stopped by the Scottish Company of the Shanghai Volunteer Corps hastily called out for the purpose, surrendered, submitted cheerfully to being disarmed, and\n\nThey were duly interned. This brought the number of interned soldiers in both Settlements up to over 10,000, but this anxious problem was dealt with most promptly and efficiently.\n\nNegotiations were opened by the Settlement authorities with the Chinese Chamber of Commerce who agreed to provide funds for the repatriation of the men to Tsingtao in Shantung where most of them have their homes. The first batch of 4,300 was sent off in the British India Steamship \"Talma\" on the 18th January and the last batch was shipped away on the 23rd.\n\nAs soon as the local situation had cleared and order had been restored, Chi Hsieh Yuan made arrangements to send his whole available force to Tanyang some twenty miles South of Chinkiang and the first troop trains left on the 16th January, while at the same time he moved troops from Changchow to Chinkiang. Very large numbers of Fengtien troops had in the meantime been arriving at Nanking.\n\nThe presence of a force of 1500 Russians with the Fengtien army seems to have inspired great terror in Chi's ranks but it has also had the effect of turning public opinion in Shanghai violently against Lu Yung Hsiang. On the 18th January Lu's men, including the Russians, captured Chinkiang with great ease and Chi's army seems to have hastened back from Tanyang in a disordered and demoralised state to Wusih where for a week past a state of complete chaos has prevailed.\n\nOwing to collisions between troop trains, the line is blocked on both sides of...",
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    },
    {
        "id": 505247,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926",
        "page_number": 513,
        "title": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926",
        "content_text": "30\n\ndistrict in different directions. I travelled 10 hours a day and covered 33 English miles daily, and saw poppy everywhere extensively cultivated. The farmers are compelled to plant by the military. Merchants from Honan and Hupeh provinces come here to buy opium. The city has to pay this year in taxes to the General in Chungking $500,000-\n\n\"Opium smoking is dreadful, out of 172 families in one village only 27 do not smoke. Children in home and school are indulging. Over 30 of our church members were suspended in 1925 for opium smoking.\"\n\nMy Mission work covers three districts and Clony Choo, itineraries cover 50 miles north and south of the river and 90 miles along the river. Little opium is grown in Changchow district, but in the other two districts of Fengta and Shihtzu it is plentiful. Poppy seriously affected the rice crop in 1925 and rice rose to $9 a bushel,\n\nOpium smoking everywhere, and dens well patronized.\n\nWest Szechuan.\n\nFachow. Increased planting this year, poppy fields come right up to the edge of school compound.\n\nHuvilichow. From this city all the way down the section of the province which dips into Yunnan, there is increased cultivation. This area adjoins \"Loiiland\".\n\nNing Yuen. There is heavy traffic in the drug, but figures not obtainable.\n\nTatsienbu. We are 8,500 feet up, no poppy grown here but plenty in the plain. 300 opium dens in the city. Big trade of opium into Tibet. Opium is bartered to Tibetans who are using more and more each year. No official prohibition of any description.\n\nSoutheast Szechuan.\n\nFoochow. We are living in the midst of a poppy field. We cannot imagine a time when more poppy was grown than at present. In a local meeting in Dec. 1925 the gentry, merchants and people protested against the demand of the Military Governor that $600,000 be raised by opium taxes. The Governor stated that this sum had been raised in previous years and it must be raised again.\n\nSouth Szechuan.\n\nLatchow. Not more than one-third of last year's planting. Use is general, opium dens everywhere.\n\nSuifu. Some sections show increased planting, others less, on the whole about half of that planted in 1925 season. Dry weather and heavy taxes in 1925 discouraged the farmers, most of them lost money. Townships on the Yunnan border have been compelled to plant by official proclamation.\n\nSmoking on the increase, 3,000 licensed dens in the city.\n\nTranshipment of opium is the main business of Suifu and the main source of revenue.\n\n\"I recently travelled for a short distance with a caravan of one hundred loads of opium, coming from Yunnan to Suifu. It was protected by 250 soldiers, and valued at $700,000\".\n\nCentral Szechuan.\n\nChengtu. \"In the four counties where I itinerate opium planting is about half that of last year. Lien Yang, which last year raised more than any other county in this part of China, has greatly reduced the poppy acreage this year. In Chengtu and all market towns opium dens are more numerous.\n\nMienchow, Chang Ming, Chang Yu, Loh Chuang. Not much to be seen along the highroads, more back in the mountain districts. Posters with a heading, \"Forbid Opium Regulations\", are seen everywhere. This means the tax must be paid for selling and opium dens. Opium smoking is obvious everywhere.\n\nChung Kiang. None planted here, the tax being far too heavy, farmers will not risk it. Opium plentiful, everywhere taxed. About 500 dens in the city. Each lamp in dens is taxed $2 a month and in private houses, $4. Smoking without tax permit is heavily fined. The whole traffic controlled by the military.\n\nTing You. The military attempted to force the people of this county to plant sufficient opium to furnish a tax of $30,000. The people tried to compromise by supplying $15,000, and at the time of writing, the question is not yet settled.\n\nJien Chou. Has more opium planted than any other part of the province. My travels take me over five counties, and opium forms about 1/3 of the total crops.\n\nLess planted this year in some counties because of heavy taxes. The area which suffered most from famine last year is the section of Jien Chou which grows most opium.\n\nHokiang. The people generally seem unwilling to plant, and five-sixths of those who do are forced to it.\n\nEast Szechuan, Kweifu/Kweichow. Poppy has been planted in this district more plentifully than ever before, and the harvest is very promising. The military are levying a large tax upon the output of opium, and this year, as formerly, all those who refuse to grow poppy in their fields have to pay a tax for exemption. The outlook is distinctly bad.\n\nYUNNAN\n\nThough reports this year are few, they indicate little change. The remoteness of this opium province, and its freedom from Central Government control, encourages extensive cultivation. As far as can be ascertained it still maintains its position as the premier opium province in China.\n\nYunnan opium is of high quality and the land exceptionally good for its cultivation. Its opium reaches all parts of China by land and sea. Shanghai combines both Naval and Military import from Yunnan, whilst both India and France complain of the amount smuggled across their frontiers. The Yunnan opium reaching Burmah exceeds that sold by the Government Monopoly. Much is smuggled to Hongkong and Malay States. Chinese Naval cruisers are credited with having annexed 400 cases of Yunnan opium en route to Shanghai.\n\nEastern Yunnan. More opium planted than last year.\n\nWestern Yunnan. There is no change this year. Opium cultivation and use is as general here as in the rest of the province.\n\nNorth Eastern Yunnan. Freely planted everywhere. Government tax imposed whether opium planted or not. Opium smoking is universal.\n\nNorth Yunnan. There is no limitation in area planted with poppy. Half to two-thirds of the fields suitable for its cultivation are planted with poppy. Opium smoking is general amongst all classes.\n\nSouth Yunnan. Cultivation general. No changes from last year. The...\n\n31",
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        "id": 508451,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-501-8 General policy in China 30-11-1926 - 30-11-1926",
        "page_number": 45,
        "title": "CO129-501-8 General policy in China 30-11-1926 - 30-11-1926",
        "content_text": "- 7 - \n\n49 \n\n(1) that the Customs Office be no longer permitted to collect duties in the Colony or its waters:\n\n(2) that all opium arriving in the Colony be accounted for either through the agency of bonded warehouses or otherwise:\n\n(3) that the Government do all in their power to protect the Chinese revenue, more especially with regard to the Opium Farmer:\n\n(4) that the revenue stations and revenue cruisers be moved beyond the limits of British territory and British waters.\n\n10.\n\nMeanwhile Sir R. Hart, in a letter to Sir C.M. Macdonald, His Majesty's Minister at Peking, dated the 27th June, 1898, recommended that in view of the leasing to Great Britain of the New Territories, \"the right of the Chinese Customs to maintain its office in Hong Kong, where it is now only unofficially acknowledged, ought to be formally admitted and the status of the Commissioner of Customs as a Chinese official recognized. The existing substations at Changchow, Capsuimo, Lai-chee-kok, and Fotochow ought to be maintained as at present, although they are in the leased territory. If it should be found that other stations are required, they may be instituted\". Upon these recommendations, Major-General W. Black, then Officer Administering the Government, wrote in despatch No. 221 of 1898 (Eadem Pun't no. 66) on the 29th July, 1898, to Mr. Joseph Chamberlain, strongly urging that \"the Chinese Customs be not formally accorded the right to maintain its office in Hong Kong, and that the Commissioner of Customs be not recognized as a Chinese official, but that he remain as at present without official status.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-501-8 General policy in China 30-11-1926 - 30-11-1926.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 508452,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-501-8 General policy in China 30-11-1926 - 30-11-1926",
        "page_number": 46,
        "title": "CO129-501-8 General policy in China 30-11-1926 - 30-11-1926",
        "content_text": "## 8.\n\n- \n50\n\nstatus of any kind\": and further that the existing sub-stations Changchow, Capsuimoon, Lai-chee-kok, and Fotochow should be removed to points outside the leased territory, as their retention would be a fruitful source of friction and would always be misconstrued by the Chinese mind. There were, as Major-General Black pointed out, many points both on the coast and on adjacent islands where the Chinese Customs could establish new stations.\n\n## 11.\n\nI can find no reply from the Colonial Office nor any communication from the British Legation on this subject: but, as a matter of history, the view of Major-General Black prevailed. The sub-stations of the Chinese Maritime Customs have been removed to Chinese territory at Sham-chun, Sha-tau-kok, and along the coast of Mirs Bay, while the officer of the Foreign Inspectorate, still called \"Commissioner of Customs for Kowloon and District\", remains to this day in Hong Kong island, only \"unofficially acknowledged\" in Sir R. Hart's phrase, with a residence at the Peak and an office in Victoria City. Moreover, the questions raised by Mr. Fleming in 1890 as to the exact position of the Kowloon Commissioner, his powers, whom he really represents, and to whom he is responsible have never been answered.\n\n## 12.\n\nThe only further event to record in this connection is that, upon the opening of the Kowloon-Canton Railway in October, 1911, it was arranged for the convenience of through traffic that Chinese import duties should be collected by the Kowloon Commissioner at the railway terminus at Kowloon Point in British territory.\n\n## 13.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-501-8 General policy in China 30-11-1926 - 30-11-1926.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 508458,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-501-8 General policy in China 30-11-1926 - 30-11-1926",
        "page_number": 52,
        "title": "CO129-501-8 General policy in China 30-11-1926 - 30-11-1926",
        "content_text": "## Chinese Characters for Names in the secret despatch of the 12th August, 1927.\n\n**(奥海関部)**  \nYueh Hai-kuan Pu  \n**(廣東)**  \nKuang-tung  \nKup-sui-mun  \n**(吸水門)**  \nLyerun  \n**(鯉魚門)**  \nLi Hung-chang  \n**(李鴻章)**  \nChangchow  \n**(& H|)** was likely meant to be **(漳州)**\nLai-chee-kok  \n**(荔枝角)**  \nFotochow  \n**(斧頭州)**  \nSham-chun  \n**(深圳)**  \nSha-tau-kok  \n**(沙頭角)**  \n\n56",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-501-8 General policy in China 30-11-1926 - 30-11-1926.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 512581,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-507-2 China- protection of Anglo-Chinese 11-11-1927 - 23-11-1928",
        "page_number": 56,
        "title": "CO129-507-2 China- protection of Anglo-Chinese 11-11-1927 - 23-11-1928",
        "content_text": "58\n\n2.\n\n3.\n\n4.\n\n5.\n\n6.\n\n7.\n\nTRANSLATION.\n\nPROVISIONAL REGULATIONS FOR THE ISSUE OF DENATIONALISATION CERTIFICATES. DATED MARCH 1928.\n\nCertificates of denationalisation will be issued by the Canton Bureau for Foreign Affairs.\n\nThe Canton Bureau for Foreign Affairs will notify the Consular Body at each port that in cases where Chinese claiming foreign nationality apply for registration at consulates, such registration should be refused unless the applicant holds a certificate of denationalisation.\n\nChinese who have obtained certificates of denationalisation may only carry on trade and purchase land in the treaty ports. Those who already own land in the interior must sell it forthwith, so as to avoid their being able to avail themselves of the special privileges under the treaties, with resultant complications.\n\nThe Canton Bureau for Foreign Affairs will send in to the Provincial Government each month a list of persons who have obtained certificates of denationalisation, for circulation to the various departments.\n\nWhere applications for denationalisation are received by the Bureaux for Foreign Affairs at Ch'aochow, Hoifung, Kiungchow, Chingchow, Yamehow, Limahow and Leichow, such applications should be forwarded to the Canton Bureau for Foreign Affairs, which will issue the certificates, thus preserving co-ordination.\n\nThe Consuls in the various ports may also forward such applications on behalf of the persons concerned.\n\nThe procedure laid down in these regulations will apply to the issue of certificates of denationalisation in Kwangsi province.\n\nThese regulations will come into force from the date of their approval by the Canton Branch Political Council.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-507-2 China- protection of Anglo-Chinese 11-11-1927 - 23-11-1928.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 519268,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-517-1 Administration and function of Chinese Maritime customs- prevention of smuggling across Chinese frontiers 7-2-1929 - 15-11-1929",
        "page_number": 60,
        "title": "CO129-517-1 Administration and function of Chinese Maritime customs- prevention of smuggling across Chinese frontiers 7-2-1929 - 15-11-1929",
        "content_text": "## Enclosure No. 2\n\nRough outline of suggested plan of co-operation between the Hong Kong Government and the Chinese Maritime Customs for the safeguarding of China's Customs Revenue and for the securing of reciprocal benefits to trade and commerce.\n\nThe Chinese Customs Office in Hong Kong, which was established in April 1887, was opened there by virtue of the Opium Agreement of 1886, and by this agreement the four Stations already existing for the control of traffic in the delta, one at Capsuimoon, one at Changchow, one at Fotochow, and the fourth at Kowloon, were placed under the Kowloon Commissioner.\n\nWhen the New Territory was handed over to the Hong Kong Government in 1899, in accordance with the terms of the Convention of 1898 for the Extension of Hong Kong, those Stations with the temporary exception of Kowloon were closed, and new Stations and Frontier Guard Posts were established at various distant points along the new frontier; while the Chinese waters, outside the British area, were patrolled by the Customs Revenue Cruisers.\n\nOn the completion of the Canton-Kowloon Railway in October 1911, a Chinese Maritime Customs Examination and Duty-collecting Station was, by mutual agreement, opened at the Kowloon terminus (mainly for the convenience of the...\n\nPage 60  \nPage 61",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-517-1 Administration and function of Chinese Maritime customs- prevention of smuggling across Chinese frontiers 7-2-1929 - 15-11-1929.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 519299,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-517-1 Administration and function of Chinese Maritime customs- prevention of smuggling across Chinese frontiers 7-2-1929 - 15-11-1929",
        "page_number": 91,
        "title": "CO129-517-1 Administration and function of Chinese Maritime customs- prevention of smuggling across Chinese frontiers 7-2-1929 - 15-11-1929",
        "content_text": "## \nMeanwhile Sir R. Hart in a letter to Sir C.M Macdonald, His Majesty's Minister at Peking, dated the 27th June, 1898, recommended that in view of the leasing to Great Britain of the New Territories, \"the right of the Chinese Customs to maintain its office in Hong Kong where it is now only unofficially acknowledged ought to be formally admitted and the status of the Commissioner of Customs as a Chinese official recognized. The existing substations at Changchow, Capsuimoon, Lai-chee-kok and Fotochow ought to be maintained as at present, although they are in the leased territory. If it should be found that other stations are required they may be instituted\". Upon those recommendations Major-General T. Black, then Officer Administering the Government, wrote in despatch No.221 of the 29th July, 1898, to Mr Joseph Chamberlain strongly urging that \"the Chinese Customs be not formally accorded the right to maintain its office in Hong Kong and that the Commissioner of Customs be not recognized as a Chinese Official, but that he remain as at present without official status of any kind\": and further that the existing sub-stations -Chanchow, Capsuimoon, Lai-chee-kok and Fotochow - should be removed to points outside the leased territory, as their retention would be a fruitful source of friction and would always be misconstrued by the Chinese mind. There were, as Major-General Black pointed out, many points both on the coast and on adjacent islands where the Chinese Customs could establish new stations.\n\nPage 394",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-517-1 Administration and function of Chinese Maritime customs- prevention of smuggling across Chinese frontiers 7-2-1929 - 15-11-1929.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 519357,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-517-1 Administration and function of Chinese Maritime customs- prevention of smuggling across Chinese frontiers 7-2-1929 - 15-11-1929",
        "page_number": 149,
        "title": "CO129-517-1 Administration and function of Chinese Maritime customs- prevention of smuggling across Chinese frontiers 7-2-1929 - 15-11-1929",
        "content_text": "# APPENDIX NO. 2\n\nRough outline of suggested plan of co-operation between the Hongkong Government and the Chinese Maritime Customs for the safeguarding of China's Customs Revenue and for the securing of reciprocal benefits to trade and commerce.\n\nThe Chinese Customs office in Hongkong which was established in April 1887, was opened there by virtue of the Opium Agreement of 1886, and by this Agreement the four Stations already existing for the control of traffic in the delta, one at Capsuimoon, one at Changchow, one at Fotchow and the fourth at Kowloon, were placed under the Kowloon Commissioner.\n\nWhen the New Territory was handed over to the Hongkong Government in 1899, in accordance with the terms of the Convention of 1898 for the Extension of Hongkong, these Stations - with the temporary exception of Kowloon - were closed, and new Stations and Frontier Guard Posts were established at various distant points along the new frontier; while the Chinese waters, outside the British area, were patrolled by the Customs Revenue Cruisers.\n\nOn the completion of the Canton-Kowloon Railway in October 1911 a Chinese Maritime Customs Examination and Duty-collecting Station was, by mutual agreement, opened at the Kowloon terminus (mainly for the convenience of the Hongkong merchants), and has functioned there ever since, a fact which creates an invaluable precedent for the further extension of Chinese Customs activities within Hongkong territory.\n\nAt",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-517-1 Administration and function of Chinese Maritime customs- prevention of smuggling across Chinese frontiers 7-2-1929 - 15-11-1929.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 521942,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "page_number": 103,
        "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "content_text": "15.\n\n10%\n\nChamber passed the following resolutions:-\n\n13.\n\n(1) that the Customs office be no longer permitted to collect duties in the Colony or its waters:\n\n(2) that all opium arriving in the Colony be accounted for either through the agency of bonded warehouses or otherwise:\n\n(3) that the Government do all in their power to protect the Chinese revenue, more especially with regard to the Opium Farmer:\n\n(4) that the revenue stations and revenue cruisers be moved beyond the limits of British territory and British waters.\n\nMeanwhile Sir R. Hart in a letter to Sir C.M. Macdonald, His Majesty's Minister at Peking, dated the 27th June, 1898, recommended that in view of the leasing to Great Britain of the New Territories, \"the right of the Chinese Customs to maintain its office in Hong Kong where it is now only unofficially acknowledged ought to be formally admitted and the status of the Commissioner of Customs as a Chinese official recognized.\n\nThe existing substation at Changchow, Capsuimoon, Lai-chee-kok and Fotochow ought to be maintained as at present, although they are in the leased territory. If it should",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 521943,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "page_number": 104,
        "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "content_text": "103\n\n16.\n\nshould be found that other stations are required, they may be instituted\".\n\nUpon these recommendations Major-General W. Black, then Officer Administering the Government, wrote in despatch No. 221 of the 29th July, 1898, to Mr. Joseph Chamberlain strongly urging that \"the Chinese Customs be not formally accorded the right to maintain its office in Hong Kong and that the Commissioner of Customs be not recognized as a Chinese official, but that he remain as at present without official status of any kind\": and further that the existing sub-stations - Changchow, Capsuimoon, Lai-chee-kok and Fotochow should be removed to points outside the leased territory, as their retention would be a fruitful source of friction and would always be misconstrued by the Chinese mind.\n\nThere were, as Major-General Black pointed out, many points both on the coast and on the adjacent islands where the Chinese Customs could establish new stations.\n\n14. I can find no reply from the Colonial Office nor any communication from the British Legation on this subject: but, as a matter of history, the view of Major-General Black prevailed.\n\nThe sub-stations of the Chinese Maritime Customs have been removed to Chinese territory at Sham-chun, Sha-tau-kok and along the",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 521992,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "page_number": 153,
        "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "content_text": "152\n\n65\n\nHong Kong and its new territory to safeguard the revenue interests of China, a task which will be made in consequence of the increased area to be looked after, both onerous and expensive.\n\nThe proposals are made in the belief that Her Majesty's Government desire to give China liberal and sustained support in the protection of her revenue in that neighbourhood.\n\n1. The right of the Chinese Customs to maintain its office in Hong Kong, where it is now only unofficially acknowledged, ought to be formally admitted, and the status of the Commissioner of Customs as a Chinese official recognised.\n\nThe existing sub-stations at Changchow, Capsuimoon, Lai-chee-kok, and Fotochow ought to be maintained as at present, although they are in the leased territory.\n\nIf it should be found that other stations are required they may be instituted.\n\n2. The Chinese Customs at Hong Kong shall have the right there to collect duty and likin on any opium and similarly dues and duties on general cargo shipped on any native vessel to or from China. The Customs ought also to have the right to one or more specified jetties in proximity to junk anchorages at which cargo may be examined and verified.\n\n3. The Chinese Customs cruisers and launches may continue to exercise their functions within the waters of the leased territory.\n\n4. No opium, raw or boiled, shall be landed or stored, taken delivery of, or shipped in Hong Kong,\n\n/British",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 522065,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "page_number": 226,
        "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "content_text": "should be found that other stations are required, they may be instituted\".\n\nUpon\n\n225\n\n16.\n\nthese recommendations Major-General W. Black, then Officer Administering the Government, wrote in despatch No. 221 of the 29th July, 1898, to Mr. Joseph Chamberlain strongly urging that \"the Chinese Customs be not formally accorded the right to maintain its office in Hong Kong and that the Commissioner of Customs be not recognized as a Chinese official, but that he remain as at present without official status of any kind\" : and further that the existing sub-stations Changchow, Capsuimoon, Lai-ohee-kok and Fotochow should be removed to points outside the leased territory, as their retention would be a fruitful source of friction and would always be misconstrued by the Chinese mind. There were, as Major-General Black pointed out, many points both on the coast and on the adjacent islands where the Chinese Customs could establish new stations.\n\n14. I can find no reply from the Colonial Office nor any communication from the British Legation on this subject: but, as a matter of history, the view of Major-General Black prevailed. The sub-stations of the Chinese Maritime Customs have been removed to Chinese territory at Shan-chun, Sha-tau-kok and along\n\nthe",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 522114,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "page_number": 275,
        "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "content_text": "65\n\n274\n\nHong Kong and its new territory to safeguard the revenue interests of China, a task which will be made in consequence of the increased area to be looked after, both onerous and expensive.\n\nThe proposals are made in the belief that Her Majesty's Government desire to give China liberal and sustained support in the protection of her revenue in that neighbourhood.\n\n1. The right of the Chinese Customs to maintain its office in Hong Kong, where it is now only unofficially acknowledged, ought to be formally admitted, and the status of the Commissioner of Customs as a Chinese official recognised.\n\nThe existing sub-stations at Changchow, Capsuimoon, Lai-chee-kok, and Fotochow ought to be maintained as at present, although they are in the leased territory.\n\nIf it should be found that other stations are required they may be instituted.\n\n2. The Chinese Customs at Hong Kong shall have the right there to collect duty and li-kin on any opium and similarly dues and duties on general cargo shipped on any native vessel to or from China. The Customs ought also to have the right to one or more specified jetties in proximity to junk anchorages at which cargo may be examined and verified.\n\n3. The Chinese Customs cruisers and launches may continue to exercise their functions within the waters of the leased territory.\n\n4. No opium, raw or boiled, shall be landed or stored, taken delivery of, or shipped in Hong Kong,",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 522200,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "page_number": 361,
        "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "content_text": "359\n\n8/0 CIR. 67.\n\n360\n\n4\n\nSEMI-OFFICIAL CIRCULARS.\n\nmet. The town of Chaoyang some miles up the river was visited from Haimen. Southwards again, the ship put in successively at Tungao (#), Shenchuan (), Kupchi ('), Chino (), Chieh-shih(), Chiliang (), Swabue (E), Samsha Inlet and Harlem Bay, Bias Bay, from which place Hongkong was reached on the 28th March.\n\nDuring the cruise there were boarded and searched by Mr. G. H. WHITE, under my instructions, 24 motor vessels, 12 steam vessels, and 24 sea-going junks, many of which craft were stopped on the open seas. Of the motor vessels, five-all claiming Japanese nationality were seized, viz.: three at Tungshan, one being navigated thence to Amoy by Mr. WHITE and an armed party from the Pingching; and two left under the guard of the Native Customs at Tungshan with advice to detain them until orders should be received from the Amoy Superintendent. The latter two were subsequently confiscated by the Native Customs at my suggestion; while the one taken to Amoy was also confiscated by the Superintendent there. The Formosan crew were sent in by him to the Japanese Consul under a police guard (the Japanese captain absconded directly the vessel reached port); but the Consul refused to recognise them as Japanese subjects, which made matters easy for the Superintendent. Another Japanese motor vessel was found in Challum Bay and put under guard of the local police on my advice to the Native Customs there. This vessel was subsequently confiscated by the Swatow Superintendent, together with another—name unknown-that put into Ungkong the day after our visit and was promptly seized-a satisfactory outcome of our own example to the Native Customs. The ground for seizure and confiscation of all these six vessels was the same, namely: being of foreign nationality and engaged in direct foreign to Chinese inland waters traffic. Only one of them-the Powan Maru-was in possession of a Japanese certificate of registry, but two or three had the small wooden pai bearing their name and a number, showing registration in Taiwan. Each in turn claimed that he had put in for shelter or owing to engine breakdown; but papers found on board proved calls at other Chinese ports; and even at the places at which they were found they had not reported to the local Customs or other Government offices.\n\nAt Amoy the raid on the island of Wusu was carried out in conjunction with the Chinese gun-boat Chuchien and troops from Amoy. This raid has been fully reported elsewhere. The Japanese motor vessel Powan Maru was seized and subsequently confiscated by the Amoy Customs together with a large quantity of sundry cargo taken from several buildings on the island that were seized and searched as a result of information received by the Amoy Commissioner. A large number of small craft lying in the harbour were also searched and one seized. The original object was to capture a shipment of arms; these had, however, been removed the night before the raid. The operation was one involving some preparation and decision, and was carried through in circumstances that will not fail to make a deep impression upon malefactors engaged in this traffic.\n\nOf the 24 junks boarded and searched during the tour the masters of several were made to accompany us in to the local officials to explain their movements. Entries were made in all Pass Books of junks and motor vessels, and on the Manifests of all steamers stopped and searched, stating that they had been so visited by the Maritime Customs and where they were found. Wherever they could be found the Native Customs were called upon, and also the cards of the party sent in to the police and other officials of the neighbourhood. That more places were not visited must be attributed to the very real dangers to the navigation of the cruiser in waters that were in some places entirely unsurveyed. It was hazardous for even the steam pinnace to venture into some of the places resorted to by junks. The channels were unknown to us; tides were an unknown quantity; and pilots could not always be obtained nor altogether trusted when they were obtainable. I consider that we visited all the places possible in the time at our disposal, though certainly the waters round the Changchow district north of Amoy would have been more thoroughly done if possible. But I am of opinion that any smuggling that is done there must be done by junks into which cargoes have been transhipped from sea-going craft. And this lay somewhat outside the sphere of our investigations.\n\nWe were well received everywhere by the officials, and no doubt not the least of the good work done by the tour lies in the touch gained for the first time with the Native Customs and other officials in the non-open places on the coast. Inquiry into the practice of the Native Customs stations exposed some strange anomalies, and the provincial delegates were themselves taken rather aback at the differences of procedure and treatment we discovered. No less than three tariffs were found in operation within the same provincial coast district. I believe that this will be put right by the delegate concerned. A prevailing evil appears to be the very general absence from his post of the officer in charge of these small stations. But an almost greater is the point that Native Customs offices were found to be often far from the sea or harbour; at Chieh-shih the party had over an hour's walk from the boat to the Customs. At none of the Customs visited were they found to be equipped with any means of controlling shipping, or boarding vessels. The masters presumably reported or did not as they felt disposed; the Native Customs could not have been the wiser. In many ways the whole system is a hundred years behind to-day, and that without the respect and fear of officialdom that existed a hundred years ago. To look to such a system to enforce an import tariff such as that now in use is, of course, absurd. There is practically nothing to check the landing of a cargo of imports from junk, motor or steam vessel along this unending panorama of rugged bays and well-concealed coves. At the same time I must own to having modified the opinion I had before starting upon this tour. While the possibility of smuggling to a heavy extent exists, it is to be doubted if it is availed of to the extent that might be supposed. For from the profits gained by an evasion of a high tariff there must always be deducted much on account of risk from piracy while on the water and banditry ashore. Communications with the larger towns, while improving as motor roads are being constructed, are still bad, and the journeys for goods exceedingly long. Moreover, other forms of taxation exist than that of the Chang Kuan, and other officials are on the look out for traffic to milk though they be lax. To-day the condition of South-east China is such that there is but a mild demand for articles paying higher rates of duty. Indeed it was the opinion of the Fukien delegate that there is scarcely any smuggling in his province owing to the lack of money. I returned from the tour with the impression that the prevention of smuggling, at the present time at least, can be achieved at a cost rather less than the task appeared to me to demand before we set out.\n\nSEMI-OFFICIAL CIRCULARS.\n\n5\n\n8/0 CIB. 67.",
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        "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "content_text": "426 \n\n221 \n\n$5 \n\nCHUKIANG \n\n(CANTON \n\nRIVER) \n\n0 \n\nHONGKONG, KOWLOON, AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES. \n\nShateing \n\nWushakngam \n\nA poki \n\n古 \n\nFukwind \n\nFOLintin \n\n红拾 \n\nHatsal \n\nង \n\nTaishan \n\nMachau \n\nSaiheung \n\nTAISHAN \n\nBAY \n\nChakwan \n\n** \n\n114\" \n\n15' \n\nPingti \n\nShekku \n\nTUNGKWAN \n\njungtohu \n\nLungkong \n\nO Taitangtu \n\nTonglak \n\nSunhü \n\nKUISHAN \n\nKunian \n\nLuntheu & \n\nPingshan \n\nTonghang \n\nLungia \n\nSunhü \n\nYound Tai Shan \n\nWangkong \n\nPungtin \n\nLiland \n\nMAHAM $ \n\nShawar \n\n¿Taiwshi \n\nKaichung \n\nPaksheklund \n\n-Tintow \n\nTin Tow Sh \n\n。 Tongpoi \n\nPakong d \n\nKwaichung o \n\nShon tung \n\nTakai \n\nMIRS BAY \n\nPart \n\nPart Caland \n\nPukut \n\nMollim о \n\nNAMTOW/ \n\nHSINAN (SUNON) \n\nShatow \n\nYimtin O \n\n太田 \n\nLintong \n\nShumehun \n\nLorong \n\nPingcheng \n\nKwaimiao \n\n坊 O \n\nShatowkok \n\nShatau \n\nLowu \n\n20. \n\nLungt unhu \n\n廟桂 \n\nWanha \n\nBhuiwanteu \n\nDEEP BAY (HAUHOI) \n\nW \n\nStarling Inlet \n\nWohang \n\nLaungkwuttou \n\nKat Crooked land. \n\nSongchau \n\nCresent Island \n\nKukpu \n\nCrooked Harbour \n\nBluft Head \n\nSuatin \n\nO Mipu \n\nSheungshui \n\nFanling \n\nWandlingtau \n\nChukyum \n\nTinkok \n\nShünwand \n\nngshan, \n\nLimehun O \n\nUnlong \n\nKamtin \n\n# \n\nTolo Harbour \n\nPlover Cove \n\nTolo Channal \n\nTantuni \n\nHarbour \n\nWhite Head' \n\nUniu \n\nKotoot \n\nGrass Island Tapmun \n\nankawan \n\n30 \n\nOShauchung \n\n跟涉 \n\nTAIPANGSANO \n\nWongmy \n\nTipfuk \n\nON \n\nOHasha \n\nVoPitchau \n\nPingchow \n\nNamo \n\n濃南 \n\nWirs Pointi \n\nKaktin \n\nBIAS \n\nBAY \n\nSamun \n\n451 \n\n301 \n\nTaishulkang \n\nPaklong \n\nChin Shan \n\nNamleng \n\n› Shuilou \n\nSchoo \n\nChonmun \n\n(Castle Peak Bay?? \n\nChilcok \n\nTungohung \n\nLAN TOW (TAI Ü SHAN) \n\nTailamchun \n\nMawan \n\nPin Fohow \n\n| Lumino M. L. 17 \n\nChaku \n\nSilver Mine Bayjjjj \n\nLanção M. L. \n\nYaikuchu \n\nChangchow \n\n洲長 \n\nSiyashay \n\nTanchaa \n\n) Fung Hand \n\nFung Bay \n\nPing Point \n\nTailong \n\nShekhand \n\nChikkang \n\nLoklobs \n\nTai Mo Shan \n\nO Chinhang \n\n(Huwan \n\nPatkon Saikung \n\n$Lannaiwan \n\nTsinwan \n\nShatin \n\nYimtin \n\nKay Lune Shan \n\nPakehawan \n\nLaichikok \n\nChung \n\nhuo \n\nKOELOOM CITY \n\nPart \n\nShelter \n\nTriputa \n\nKey Island \n\nShowan \n\nHigh? Island \n\nTown Indend \n\n✓ unalt island \n\nCheangalawan Q \n\nStonecutters \n\nTinn \n\nShamshwipd2Moura Kowloon f \n\nYou: 1 \n\nRoyal Nav Hongkong Depot \n\nGreen Island Kennedy \n\nTown Kowchau \n\nWest Lamma Channel \n\nVie \n\nHarbour \n\nA \n\nkwawan Cheungkwang Tothom \n\nTsimshatsui \n\nC Kontong Hanghow \n\nLymes \n\nViol Poak 1774 \n\nHONGKONG \n\nPoulu \n\nAbo \n\nApli \n\nEast Lamma Channel \n\nSherku won \n\nTaiwan \n\nLamma (Poklių) \n\nIsland \n\n22'' N. LAT \n\nJunke \n\nسرعة \n\nHarin \n\nFotoehow HIDE US \n\nCollinson \n\nTatomy Channal \n\nNinopin Group \n\nở Lamten inand \n\n'(C. d'Aquilar) \n\nLochau o \n\n11430 E LONG OF GREENWICH \n\nTzilong Head \n\nFury Rock \n\nBunkon Waslan Lighthouse \n\nPutoi \n\nNOTE. \n\nTerritory under Treaty of 1842 and Convention of 1860. \n\nBoundary under Convention of 1898. \n\nChinese Customs Stations prior to 1896. \n\nChinese Customs Stations after 1898. \n\nLEMA CHANNEL \n\nQ \n\n4 \n\n1 \n\n7 \n\n3 \n\n6 $ \n\n7 \n\n8 \n\n9 \n\n10 English Miles (69.16 miles = x*) \n\n30 \n\nLapsapmi Island \n\nTailao Island \n\n$5 \n\nChichau Island \n\n114* \n\n18'",
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    {
        "id": 522267,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "page_number": 428,
        "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "content_text": "432\n\n433\n\nl'revalence of\n\nsmuggling at Hongkong.\n\nEstablishment\n\nby Cantou\n\n(6)\n\n(then Mr.) Parkes (Article 6). The treaty, however, gave a decided impetus to the China trade generally. Some of the restrictions against which it had previously struggled might still exist to hamper it, but with a revised tariff, greater commercial facilities, and with Hongkong as a free port and a centre for trade operations, business ventures both lawful and unlawful could be carried on with much greater ease and security. Considering the circumstances, it was only to be expected that the altered condition of affairs, while fostering legitimate trade, should also tend directly to the encouragement of opium running and smuggling generally. The trade in opium especially offered strong temptations to clandestine trading. The new treaty, by one of the rules of trade (Rule 5) drawn up in pursuance of Article XXVI, had legalised the import of opium at a fairly high rate of duty, leaving all transport of the drug into the interior of the country entirely in the hands of the Chinese. Hongkong as a free port offered great facilities to those trading in this commodity, and while most of this business was conducted openly and in complete accordance with regulations, there was nevertheless, on account of the high rate of duty and the tempting profits to be made, a large amount of smuggling. Unfortunately, as the years passed the illegitimate trade grew to such proportions that in order to protect China's revenue rights and to deal with the very active smuggling in opium, salt, and munitions of war from Hongkong to China, which flourished exceedingly in the early sixties of last century, the Canton Viceroy Jui Lin (), anxious especially for his lawful revenue on opium, and after informing the British authorities in Canton and Hongkong, opened in 1868 on Chinese territory a number of stations on the east and the west sides of the Kowloon frontier for the purpose of preventive collection of likin on opium when conveyed in Chinese junks. Shortly afterwards the Hoppo, or Superintendent of Customs at Canton, who, in addition to being the colleague of the foreign Commissioner of Maritime Customs, was also in charge of the original Native Custom House and its stations levying dues and duties, distinct from likin, on native vessels and their cargoes, decided that as the Viceroy's likin barriers had been a great success he could not do better than imitate so worthy an example. Accordingly, he proceeded to establish an active patrol of revenue cruisers, and also to open stations for the collection of those dues and duties coming under his cognizance, these stations being either in close proximity to those already established by the Viceroy or functioning in the same building with them.* One of these stations was at Capsuimoon (*), to guard the entrance to the Canton river; another at Changchow (), on the route to Macao and the west coast; a third at Fotochow (), near the Lyeemoon () Pass, to watch the trade from and to the east; and a fourth at Kowloon city. Shortly before this, from 1st April 1864, the Chinese Government had cancelled the privilege which had been allowed till then of permitting the shipment of Chinese produce in Hongkong with the same advantages as obtained at a regular treaty port. The Hongkong authorities and Hongkong merchants protested against the withdrawal of this transhipment privilege and objected strongly to the Hoppo's stations and water patrol, which they designated\n\nauthorities of\n\nCustoms stations round Hongkong\n\nservice of revenue cruisers.\n\n* British Parliamentary Papers: \"Hongkong: Report of the Commission to enquire into the Circumstances attending the alleged Smuggling from Hongkong into China of Opium and other Goods\" (1884), p. 6; also \"Correspondence relating to the Complaints of the Mercantile Community in Hongkong against the Action of Chinese Revenue Cruizers in the Neighbourhood of the Colony\" (1875), pp. 16, 36.\n\non the subject of the Revision\n\n+ LG. Circular No. 2 of 1865. British Parliamentary Papers: \"Memorials of the Treaty of Tiantain\" (1868), p. 27. British Consular Reports for China, 1865, p. 93.\n\n(7)\n\nas the Customs blockade of Hongkong, regarding both as an unwarranted interference with the trade of the Colony. The patrol of the adjoining Chinese waters by armed Chinese revenue cruisers was particularly obnoxious to Hongkong traders, more especially as these cruisers, on the ground of being recognised as men-of-war, could, when not engaged in the suppression of smuggling, make free use of the waters of Hongkong harbour.\n\ntion, 1869.\n\n§ 6. To remove this tension, if possible, and to provide the Chinese Government with a legitimate safeguard, Sir Rutherford Alcock, in his Convention, drawn up at this time and signed\n\na Chinese Consul\n\non 23rd October 1869 by him and by the Chinese Plenipotentiaries appointed by the Emperor,* proposed that Chinese duty-paid goods passing through Hongkong in transit from one treaty port to another should be accorded the same transhipment privileges as obtained at a regular treaty port (Article 5), and, mindful perhaps of the hint given by Lord Aberdeen to Sir J. F. Davis Proposal to allow that it might be necessary to tolerate the presence in Hongkong of a Chinese mandarin for the to function in control of the natives,† suggested as a quid pro quo that the Chinese Government be given the Hongkong. right of placing a Consul in the Colony to protect Chinese interests (Article 2). This latter suggestion met with fierce opposition from the Hongkong community, who, in their memorial to the Home Government opposing the Convention, maintained that such an official if appointed would \"in reality be a spy on the Chinese merchants residing in this Colony \"‡ and would use his position simply as a means of exacting contributions from his countrymen, that, unlike British subjects in China, Chinese subjects in Hongkong needed no Consular protection, that \"the establishment of a Consul here, surrounded as he would be by a staff of Chinese officials and employees, would subject\" the trade in native goods passing through the Colony \"to a supervision resulting in the levy of taxes or duties for the Imperial Exchequer, in addition to those paid to the local officials,\n\nand thus a deadly blow would be struck at the trade\n\nand prosperity of this Colony.\"§ Alcock had little difficulty in answering these contentions, pointing out that China cannot be expected to confer upon Hongkong the benefit of allowing native goods to be transhipped there without losing their status as such except in return for some compensating advantage, that the Chinese are entitled both by treaty and by international law to adopt any measures on their own territory and in their own waters which they may consider necessary to protect their revenue from the loss of half a million pounds sterling, which they estimate they are called on to undergo annually \"by this irresponsible proximity of a British free port at the mouth of one of their great rivers,\" that when the Chinese had endeavoured to enforce their revenue laws by means of cruisers and land barriers they had been met by a loud outcry of protest from both the merchants and the officials of Hongkong, and that, this being so, it seemed to him that if this latter method of trade control was so reprehensible and injurious, the only other alternative was to co-operate with the Chinese authorities by \"giving them the means in accordance with international usage of exercising a perfectly legal and reasonable degree of surveillance over the trade carried on by the native vessels sailing from\n\n* British Parliamentary Papers: China No. 1 (1870), p. 1.\n\n+J. F. Davis: \"China during the War and since the Peace\" (2 vols, London, 1852), Vol. II, p. 45.\n\nBritish Parliamentary Papers: China No. 6 (1870), p. 13.\n\nIbid., p. 19.\n\n|| British Parliamentary Papers: China No. 10 (1870), p. 10 (vide Appendix E).",
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    {
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "page_number": 430,
        "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "content_text": "436 \n\n437 \n\nControl of \n\nCustoms stations \n\nand of revenue cruisers handed \n\nover to Chinese Maritime Customs Service. \n\nopium revenue.* \n\n(10) \n\nBut as the Hoppo, with a view to economy, had some time previously reduced his cruising flotilla and thereby relaxed the blockade considerably, the Hongkong representative looked askance at the proffered gift. He declined it, but expressed himself willing to accept co-operation. The outcome of the Commission's labours was the Opium Agreement, signed at Hongkong on 11th September 1886. By virtue of this instrument the Chinese Maritime Customs—which had hitherto confined its attentions solely to foreign shipping at the treaty ports—was for the first time to be entrusted with the control of Chinese craft sailing out of Hongkong into Chinese waters and vice versa, and also for the first time with the collecting of likin and, as a natural consequence, of Native Customs duties. The Agreement provided not only for the collection of duty and likin on opium under the cognizance of the Inspector General, but also for the settlement of disputes between Hongkong junks and the Native Customs revenue stations or cruisers in the neighbourhood. It was therefore natural and indeed round Hongkong inevitable that the management of the Hoppo's stations round Hongkong should devolve upon the newly created Kowloon office of the Maritime Customs, a result necessitated not only by its work of controlling all opium movements, but also by its position as arbiter in settling complaints made by junks against the Hoppo's stations or cruisers. The Hoppo's patrol service and four stations at Kowloon, Capsuimoon, Changchow, and Fotochow were accordingly handed over to the Inspector General to administer, and at the same time, for the greater convenience of the trading public, the Hongkong Government—instead of insisting on the letter of the Agreement that the office of the foreign Inspectorate should be established on Chinese territory on the Kowloon side—permitted, without extending official recognition, the opening in the city of Victoria of an office of the Chinese Maritime Customs, where a British Commissioner of Customs, appointed by the Inspector General, functioned as the Chinese official in charge of the Kowloon district and of all the Chinese revenue-protecting agencies within its limits. The Agreement also removed the grievance of Hongkong merchants regarding duty discrimination by providing that junks with their cargoes trading between Chinese ports and Hongkong should not be subject to any dues or duties in excess of those leviable on junks and their cargoes trading between Chinese ports and Macao. On the 2nd April 1887 the Kowloon Commissioner was able to commence the levy of likin and chingfei on general cargo, the collection of Tariff import duty and Convention likin on opium on the 14th of the same month, and on 1st July the collection of Native Customs duties on general cargo according to the existing tariffs. The transfer thus effected was, however, not a root-and-branch one, for there still remained at each of the stations agents of certain corporations who had farmed the collections of likin and other local levies on certain articles of trade, such as kerosene oil, matches, and so forth. To convince the provincial authorities that the operations of these agents were an inconvenience to merchants and a constant source of friction, and that this method of collection was not only wasteful but also unnecessary, took some little time, but by June 1890, as soon as all vested interests had been satisfactorily disposed of, all these agencies were removed and the Maritime Customs service was left as the sole revenue authority at all the stations‡ \n\nRemoval of discriminatory trade taxation. \n\np. 682. \n\n* L.G. Circular No. 418, Second Series. \n\n+ Hertelet: \"China Treaties,\" Third Edition (2 vols., London, 1908), Vol. I, pp. 90, 91 (vide Appendix F). \n\nCustoms publications: Statistical Series, No. 6.—\"Decennial Reports, etc., 1882-91,\" First Issue (Shanghai, 1893), \n\n(11) \n\nKowloon Territory, 1898. \n\n9. This so-called Kowloon Office of the Chinese Maritime Customs in the city of Victoria continued to function, on sufferance, till the summer of 1898—the year of the international scramble for leases of Chinese territory,—when the question of the extension of the territory of Hongkong brought up sharply once more the issue of the Chinese Customs operating on Hongkong soil. Sir Robert Hart, to whom the matter was referred by the British Minister, proposed, apart from special provisions for the control of opium—\n\n(1) That the right of the Chinese Customs to maintain its office in Hongkong should be formally admitted, the status of the Commissioner of Customs as a Chinese official recognised, and the existing stations to be maintained, although inside the newly leased territory; \n\n(2) That the Chinese Customs should have the right to collect dues and duties in Hongkong on general cargo, as well as on opium, shipped to and from China, and that for the control of junks the Chinese Customs should have one or more special jetties at the junk anchorages; \n\n(3) That the revenue cruisers should continue their activities within the waters of the leased territory; \n\n(4) That no arms or munitions of war or contraband goods should be shipped in Hongkong on board any vessel proceeding to a Chinese port without a permit issued or countersigned by the Chinese Customs; and \n\n(5) That the Hongkong Government should pass such legislation as might be necessary to give effect to these provisions.* \n\nThese proposals were endorsed by the Canton provincial authorities,† but met with unqualified opposition from the Hongkong Chamber of Commerce, which was \"profoundly convinced that the freedom of the port can only be properly safeguarded by the withdrawal of the Chinese Customs stations to Chinese territory, and the refusal of permission to Chinese Customs officials to collect duties either in the Colony or its waters.\" This opposition was supported by the London Chamber of Commerce and by the China Association in London, which latter body maintained that \"to authorise the collection in Hongkong of duties (likin included) on all goods and merchandise carried from or to any Chinese ports in Chinese vessels would be to place Hongkong on the level of a Chinese treaty port,\"§ and then proceeded to add: \"if the presence of Customs stations on the adjacent mainland and at the entrance of the harbour, and of Customs cruisers in the waters surrounding the Colony, has been a hindrance and a source of vexation when these territories and waters were Chinese, the annoyance would be less endurable still when they assumed the character of foreign establishments within territory under British control.\" As a solution of the opium difficulty the Association, with the approval of the Hongkong branch, suggested that the Colonial Government might arrange to collect on behalf of the Chinese Government, against actual cost of collection, duty and likin on all opium \n\n* British Parliamentary Papers: China No. 1 (1899), Enclosure in No. 294, pp. 201, 202 (vide Appendix G). \n\n† Ibid., Enclosures in No. 382, pp. 283, 284. \n\n‡ Ibid., p. 282. \n\n§ Ibid., p. 296. \n\n|| Ibid., p. 296. \n\nproposals for Chinese Customs control. \n\nPage 430\n\nPage 431",
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        "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "page_number": 444,
        "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "content_text": "460\n\n34)\n\nnumbered paragraphs what, in my opinion, will be necessary in and around Hong Kong and its new territory to safeguard the revenue interests of China, a task which will be made, in consequence of the increased area to be looked after, both onerous and expensive.\n\nThe proposals are made in the belief that Her Majesty's Government desire to give China liberal and sustained support in the protection of her revenue in that neighbourhood.\n\n1. The right of the Chinese Customs to maintain its office in Hong Kong, where it is now only unofficially acknowledged, ought to be formally admitted, and the status of the Commissioner of Customs as a Chinese official recognised.\n\nThe existing sub-stations at Changchow, Capsuimoon, Lai-chee-kok, and Fotochow ought to be maintained as at present, although they are in the leased territory. If it should be found that other stations are required they may be instituted,\n\n2. The Chinese Customs at Hong Kong shall have the right there to collect duty and li-kin on any opium and similarly dues and duties on general cargo shipped on any native vessel to or from China, The Customs ought also to have the right to one or more special jetties in proximity to junk anchorages at which cargo may be examined and verified.\n\n3. The Chinese Customs cruisers and launches may continue to exercise their functions within the waters of the leased territory.\n\n4. No opium, raw or boiled, shall be landed or stored, taken delivery of, or shipped in Hong Kong, British Kowloon, or any of the leased territory without a permit to be issued by a Colonial authority. Opium moved without permit, or found anywhere or in any quantity in contravention of Colonial Ordinance shall be confiscated.\n\n5. The opium farm, i.e., an official establishment with an exclusive right to retail (only boiled) opium, shall be maintained, and the Ordinances Nos. 22 of 1887, and 21 of 1891, concerning opium movement, etc., shall be confirmed and amended to meet the new circumstances, and to make good those points on which they are insufficient.\n\nThe boiling establishment of the farm, its retailing shops, and its books and accounts shall be open at any time to the inspection of an officer of the Chinese Customs specially deputed for that purpose.\n\n6. All Ordinances regarding the possession, movement, preparation, or sale of opium in the Colony and its waters, afloat and ashore, shall be rigidly enforced by the Colonial Executives, and its officers rewarded from proceeds of seizures with a view to encouraging zeal.\n\nAll proceeds of sale of confiscated goods shall be divided equally between the Chinese and Colonial Governments.\n\n7. No army, munitions of war, or contraband goods may be shipped on any vessel proceeding to a Chinese port in Hong Kong or its waters, without a permit issued or countersigned by the Chinese Customs.\n\n:\n35)\n\n8. The Hong Kong Government shall pass such legislation as may be necessary to give effect to the above provisions.\n\nThe above-numbered paragraphs are put forward merely to represent what I consider it proper should be done at Hong Kong to meet Chinese revenue requirements. I may, however, express the opinion that the system it provides for, and more especially the recognised presence of a fully authorised Chinese Customs at Hong Kong, gives promise of enabling measures to be taken which will make the working of the West River trade, especially at those places of call to seawards of the first port (Samshui) considerably easier than at present; also, of securing arrangements which might facilitate the trade anticipated to grow up under the new inland steam navigation rules. In both respects anything which may be possible—and without a custom-house I do not see that much will be possible—is sure to redound to the commercial advantage of the Colony as well as of the Chinese trade. On this point, however, the occasion does not call upon me to say more at present.\n\nMY LORD,\n\nI have, &c.,\n\n(Signed)\n\nROBERT HART, Inspector General of Customs.\n\nNo. 381.\n\nLondon Chamber of Commerce to the Marquess of Salisbury.\n\nLONDON, November 11, 1898.\n\nI am directed to inform you that the East India and China Trade Section of this Chamber had under its consideration at its last meeting a communication from the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce, dealing at length with the terms of the Anglo-Chinese Convention to secure an extension of the boundaries of Hong Kong, signed at Peking on the 9th June last, and which have been made public, and regarding which the Hong Kong Chamber have, I understand, made representations to Her Majesty's Government.\n\nThe Hong Kong Chamber take strong objection to the clause of the Convention which provides that within the city of Kowloon the Chinese officials now stationed there shall continue to exercise jurisdiction, and that the existing landing-place near that city shall be reserved for the convenience of Chinese vessels.\n\nThis is regarded as tantamount to having a foreign authority exercising jurisdiction in British territory, and to the establishment of a Chinese port within Hong Kong Harbour for the use of Chinese war-vessels and Customs-cruisers, a position absolutely without parallel.\n\n461",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930.txt",
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    {
        "id": 533098,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "page_number": 72,
        "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "content_text": "The Hong Kong Naturalist.\n\nFree-Living Nematodes from Hot Springs in China and Formosa.\n\nBy R. Hoeppli and H. J. Chu,\n\nLIST OF COLLECTIONS.\n\n  \n    Locality\n    Date\n    Bottles Collected\n    Positive Bottles\n    Water Temperature\n    Species Found\n  \n  \n    Foochow\n    July, 1930\n    18\n    9\n    4.5-51° C.\n    Plectus chengmah-liangi n. sp.\n  \n  \n    Changchow\n    August, 1930\n    3\n    2\n    39°-48.5° C.\n    Greenia orientalis, n. g. n. sp.; Microlaimoides lingi, n. sp. (adults and larva); Aphelenchus parietinus; Undetermined larvæ; Cyatholatimus chungi, n. sp.; Diploscapter coronatus (Cobb), 1893; Microlaimoides lingi, n. sp.; Aphelenchus parietinus; Greenia orientalis, n. g. n. sp.; Monhystera filiformis var. fukienensis, n. var.; Microlaimus sp. (larvæ)\n  \n  \n    Tangshan near Nanking\n    August, 1930\n    12\n    +\n    35°-50° C.\n    Monhystrella ginlingensis, n. sp.; Greenia orientalis, n. g. n. sp.\n  \n  \n    Wen Ch'uan near Peiping\n    Sept. 1930\n    4\n    1\n    34° C.\n    Sozan, Formosa\n  \n  \n    Sozan, Formosa\n    August, 1930\n    2\n    1\n    35° C.\n    Trilobus allophysis; Greenia orientalis, n. g. n. sp.; Monhystrella ginlingensis, n. sp.; Dorylaimus sp. (larvæ)\n  \n\nPLACES OF COLLECTION :\n\nFoochow, capital of Fukien Province.\n\nFoochow, where eighteen samples have been collected, possesses numerous hot springs which are used mostly for the supply of bath houses. We have no data of a chemical analysis of any of the hot springs of Foochow and do not know whether such an analysis has ever been made. The 18 samples were taken from different places. Nine out of 18 proved to be negative. The springs are in deep wells. The water in all places which were visited was several metres below the surface of the soil; it is taken up by wooden buckets. Down in the well in all visited places the water was steaming hot and the high temperature, which doubtless makes life impossible for free-living nematodes together with the fact that it is hardly possible to collect samples down in the rather narrow wells, caused us to take samples either from the wooden tanks into which the buckets are emptied and from which the water flows through pipes or open canals to the bath-houses, or from stone tanks in which the water is stored before being used in the bath-house. The temperature of the water in the different tanks showed great variations. The highest temperature under which nematodes occurred in our material from Foochow was 51° C.; under this temperature only larval stages were found.\n\nChangchow, on the banks of the Dragon River, Fukien Province. Two of the three samples which were collected at Changchow contained rather numerous nematodes; the third one was negative. We wish to thank Mr. Ling Shao-wen, Assistant in the Department of Zoology of the University of Amoy, for having made the collections. The two positive samples were taken from two different places. Both springs are in deep wells and the probable reason that both samples were so rich in material is that they were taken from the wall of the well 5 and 13 feet respectively above the surface of the water. In the first case (collection 5 feet above the surface) the water had a temperature of 39° C., in the second case the water temperature was 48.5° C. Whereas, therefore, in both cases the nematodes were not permanently living in the thermal water, there can be no doubt that due to the frequent splashing of water from the buckets the worms were frequently exposed to the influence of the water of its original or slightly decreased temperature. According to reports from Changchow, and from the previous experience of one of us (Hoeppli) in Changchow that there is a slight smell of hydrogen sulphide coming from the thermal water, we feel certain that the water contains sulphur.\n\nTangshan near Nanking.\n\nThere are altogether five hot springs in Tangshan with their overflow running through the fields. Samples were taken from the overflow from each of them. Four samples (3 and 1) from two different streams with algal vegetation contained nematodes. The water temperature where the samples were taken was 35° C. (3 samples) and above 50° C. (1 sample); in the latter case only larval stages were found.\n\nSupplement No. 1, 1934.\n\n95",
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    {
        "id": 533099,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "page_number": 73,
        "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "content_text": "96\n\n18\n\nR. HOEPPLI AND H. J. CHU.\n\nWen Ch'uan, west of Hei Lung Tang near Peiping.\n\nFour samples were taken from a stone tank where thermal water was stored in the bath-house of Wen Ch'uan. The water temperature in the stone tank was 34° C. All four samples contained representatives of two nematode species.\n\nSozun, Taihoku, Formosa,\n\nOne sample out of two which were taken from the overflow of a sulphur spring at Sozan contained numerous larvæ of a Dorylaimus sp. and a new Monhystrella sp.; at the place of collection the water temperature was 35° C. We wish to thank Prof. Yokogawa of the Government Medical School of Formosa and Mr. T. Koshimura of the Department of Foreign Affairs of the Government of Formosa for facilitating the collection of the material. The thermal water of Sozan is very rich in sulphur.\n\nPHYSICAL CONDITIONS OF THERMAL WATER:\n\nIn his work on the fauna of hot springs in Yellowstone Park and in the Western United States, Brues (1924 and 1928) has discussed the physical conditions of thermal water. It is, therefore, sufficient to mention here only the most essential factors. It is evident that the temperature plays a very important role. From various observations and experiments, one is entitled to draw the conclusion that a temperature of 40-50° C. is about the maximum for most animals normally living in fresh water of atmospheric temperature. Animals which normally live in sea water are much less resistant to higher temperature; transferred into water which was gradually heated various marine animals with two exceptions according to Frenzel could stand only temperatures of 25-30° C. and this only for a few hours. For chlorophyll-bearing plants the upper temperature limit is at about 60° C. The highest temperature from which a free-living nematode has been reported is 53° C. (Dorylaimus therma, Hot Springs in Yellowstone Valley). Apart from this case, free-living nematodes have been found in thermal water of temperatures ranging between 25° C. Ragaz and 40° C. Montegrotto. The species described in the present paper occurred in water of 34.5-51° C. It is interesting to note that in our present material there were only larval stages occurring in water of a temperature above 40° C. Why larvæ apparently stand higher temperatures better than adults is difficult to explain. We merely record our observations. Taken as a whole we find that for most nematodes as for most other fresh water animals a temperature of 40-50° C. is about the upper limit which they can stand.\n\nCHEMICAL CONDITIONS:\n\nBecause we have no analysis of the thermal waters from which we made our collections, we mention only that the two examined springs in Changchow, Fukien, and the spring in Sozan, Formosa, contain sulphur; the latter spring is very rich in this mineral. Most of the thermal waters contain salts in larger or smaller quantities; in some cases, for example, in certain springs in Yellowstone Park, the mineral contents and not the temperature of the water make life impossible for free-living nematodes.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.\n\nFree-Living Nematodes from Hot Springs in China and Formosa.\n\nFOOD CONDITIONS:\n\n19\n\nThey have been briefly discussed by the senior author with reference to hot springs in Yellowstone Park. From the work of Menzel, Steiner, and Micoletzky, we know that the kind of food of free-living nematodes and the way they take it, is rather different in different groups. There is no reason to assume that the thermal environment produces changes in the way of feeding and, because most of the species in our present study were found living between algæ, we assume that algæ are the food for those of our forms which have no specially developed large teeth indicating predacious habits.\n\nAltogether we found nine different species of adults; among them one new species for which we created a new genus, Greenia orientalis n.g., n. sp.—four new species belonging to known genera: Plectus chengmohliangi, n. sp., Microlaimoides lingi n. sp., Cyatholaimus chungsani n. sp. and Monhystrella ginlingensis n. sp.—one new variety, Monhystera filiformis var. Jukienensis n. var. three previously described species, Diploscapter coronata (Cobb), 1893, Aphelenchus parietinus Bastian, 1865 and Trilobus aliophysis (Steiner), 1919. Furthermore, there were different larval stages present in our collection; among them a Dorylaimus sp. and a Microlaimus sp.\n\nTECHNIQUE:\n\nThe collected material was preserved in 10% formalin and then transferred to a mixture of 5% acetic acid, 20% glycerin and 75% water. In order to mount the anterior end in frontal view, the specimens were transferred into glycerin jelly.\n\nSPECIAL PART,\n\nGreenia orientalis n.g., n. sp.\n\n(Pl. 11, Fig. 17; Pl. 12, Figs. 21-24).\n\nGreenia generic diagnosis: Cuticle striated. Eight submedial and two lateral setæ at the anterior end. Pharynx very long with strongly cuticularised walls. Behind the mouth opening one dorsal tooth and two subventral teeth. Oesophagus has a bulb without valves. Two straight ovaries. Two spicula of equal length. One testis. A long outlet tube of the spinneret. Amphids oval.\n\nGreenia orientalis n.g., n. sp. diagnosis: Characters of the genus. Two pairs of adanal papillæ. Amphids at about the level of the proximal end of the pharynx.\n\nTwo males and eleven females collected from Changchow in two different wells 5 and 13 feet respectively above the surface of the water. Water temperature in the first case 39° C., in the second 48.5° C.\n\nOne adult female and three larvæ collected from Foochow, Fu Long Ch'uan (Blessing Dragon Spring) stone tank storing thermal water of 35° C. Twenty-nine females, Foochow, Tzü She Ch'uan (Gathering of Moisture Spring), wooden enclosure of the opening, frequently splashed with\n\nSupplement No. 1, 1932,\n\n97",
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    {
        "id": 533100,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "page_number": 74,
        "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "content_text": "98\n\n20\n\nR. HOEPPLI AND H. J. Chu,\n\nthermal water brought up by a bucket. Temperature of the thermal water down in the well not measured.\n\nThree females, Tangshan near Nanking. Overflow of a hot spring. Water temperature 35° C.\n\nThirty-four females, Wen Ch'uan near Peiping. Stone tank storing thermal water. Temperature 34° C.\n\nDescription:\n\nMales-Length: 0.35 (0.31-0.38) mm.\n\n-28 (25-31). B-4.8 (4.0-5.5). ɣ−3·3 (3.0-3.6).\n\nл-2.\n\nEight\n\nCuticle finely striated. Anterior end somewhat flattened. submedial and two lateral setæ, six small papillæ. The mouth opening has a hexagonal shape, there are no distinct lips. Behind the mouth opening, within the mouth capsule there is a large dorsal tooth and two small sub-ventral teeth. Behind the teeth the pharynx with strongly chitinized walls reaches far posteriad with gradually decreasing diameter. The esophagus has a bulb without valves. The nerve ring is at about the middle of the length of the oesophagus. The oval amphids are near the proximal end of the pharynx. The excretory pore is near the anterior margin of the nerve ring. The equal spicula are 0.02 mm. long. There is only one testis. The tubular outlet of the spinneret is well developed.\n\nFemales-Length: 0.47 (0.31-0.51) mm.\n\n-34 (32-36). B-5.0 (4.0-6.1). ɣ-3.8 (3.6-3.9).\n\nn—14.\n\nVulva slightly in front of the middle of the body. There are two straight ovaries and in all specimens the uterus contained a single egg.\n\nRepresentatives of the new genus were relatively numerous in our material and occurred in rather different places. The new genus is related to Chromadora and Plectus. It is interesting to observe that in Yellowstone Park (Mammoth Hot Springs, water of atmospheric temperature) a Chromadora species was found (Chromadora nanna Hoeppli 1926) which seems to be rather similar to Greenia orientalis.\n\nFormula of de Man: -14.8. B-43. 8-3·3·\n\nBecause the description of Chromadora nanna had to be based on a single rather badly preserved specimen, it is possible that the re-examination of more and better preserved material would show that the anterior end of Chromadora nanna possesses setæ and that this species will have to be placed in our newly created genus Greenia.\n\nEven if this would be the case, there remain sufficient specific differences between Chromadora nanna and Greenia orientalis to justify the establishment of Greenia orientalis as a new species.\n\nThe genus Greenia is named after Mr. Roger S. Greene, Acting Director of the Peiping Union Medical College.\n\nPlectus chengmohliangi n. sp.\n\n(Pl. 10, Figs. 4-6).\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.\n\nFree-Living Nematodes from Hot Springs in China and Formosa.\n\n21\n\nDiagnosis: Plectus with four submedial and two lateral setæ and two circles of six small papillæ at the anterior end.\n\nNo males found.\n\nNine females from Foochow, Ti Yi Lou (First Class Bath House). Wall of a stone tank storing thermal water of 34.5° C.; the walls were covered with a thin layer of alga.\n\nLength: 0.43 (0.41-0.45) mm.\n\nDescription:\n\n-20.9 (20.5-21.1). B-3.5 (3.1-3.6). -5.8 (5.2-6.8).\n\nn-9.\n\nCuticle transversely striated. The anterior end bears two circles of six papillæ each; the papillæ of the inner circle are extremely small. There are four submedial and two lateral rather short setæ. The pharynx narrows posteriad; at the connection of pharynx and œsophagus the lumen of the latter shows a small widening. The amphids are round and situated a short distance in front of the posterior end of the pharynx. The nerve ring is located at about the middle of the esophagus. As the posterior end of the œsophagus protrudes as a cone into the intestine, a rather well-marked cardia is formed. The vulva has a position at about the middle of the body length; its distance from the anterior end was 0.22 mm. (0.20-0.23). The two ovaries are reflexed, the ends being in the region of the vulva. There is a spinneret with a well-developed tubular outlet.\n\nPlectus chengmohliangi resembles P. armatus Bütschli, 1873 in so far as it has six rather short setæ at the anterior end; the main differences between the two species is the presence of two circles of six papillæ each at the anterior end in P. chengmohliangi and the different length of the tail: P. armatus -9.3, P. chengmohliangi -5.8.\n\nThe new species is named after Mr. Cheng Moh-liang of Foochow who served as guide on the collecting trip.\n\nMicrolaimoides lingi n. sp.\n\n(Pl. 11, Figs. 11-13; 12, Figs. 25-20).\n\nDiagnosis: Eight submedial and two lateral setæ at the anterior end. Mouth cavity funnel-like with one small dorsal tooth. Bulb of the œsophagus without valves. Outlet tube of spinneret short. Two equal spicula, a horseshoe-shaped telamon and a short straight gubernaculum.\n\nNo females found.\n\nThree males, Changchow from two different springs 5 and 13 feet respectively above the surface of the water. Water temperature in the first case 39° C. in the second 48.5° C.\n\nOne male, Foochow, Ti Yi Lou (First Class Bath House). Stone tank with water of 34.5° C.\n\nSeveral larvæ, Foochow, Wang Tehuang (Wang Settlement). Small wooden tank, walls covered with incrustations. Water temperature 51° C.\n\nSupplement No. 1, 1931.\n\n99",
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    {
        "id": 533102,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "page_number": 76,
        "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "content_text": "Free-Living Nematodes from Hot Springs in China and Formosa. 23\n\nNo males found.\n\nTen females, Changchow, from two springs (cf. description of Greenia).\n\nDescription:\n\nLength: 0.74 (0.66-0.81) mm.\n\nX-27 (22-28). B—7.5 (5.4-9.6). X-10.3 (8.8-13.8).\n\nN-10.\n\nThe cuticle exhibits a very fine transverse striation which under high magnification dissolves into minute dots. There are small bristles irregularly arranged on the cuticle. The anterior end has six small papillæ, two lateral and eight submedial setæ. The mouth cavity is armed with a larger dorsal and two smaller subventral teeth. The nerve ring is slightly posterior to the middle of the esophagus. Posteriad the esophagus ends in a bulb without valves. The cells of the intestine are granulated. The ovaries are reflexed. The vulva is slightly anterior to the middle of the body. Three cells form the spinneret gland.\n\nC. chungsuni has a certain similarity to C. minimus (Cobb) 1893; in the latter form, however, the amphids are behind the pharynx and there is only one subventral tooth.\n\nC. chungsani is named after Dr. Sun Yat-sen.\n\nMonhystrella ginlingensis n. sp.\n\n(Pl. 12, Figs. 18-20).\n\nDiagnosis: Monhystrella, the anterior end of which has eight submedial and two lateral setæ and a circle of six papillæ. Pharynx elongated; its distal part wider and with three minute teeth (one dorsal, two subventral). Amphids circular at the height of the proximal end of the pharynx.\n\nNo males found.\n\nFourteen females, Tangshan near Nanking, overflow from spring, water temperature where collected 35° C. Algal vegetation.\n\nLength: 0.53 (0.40-0.6) mm.\n\na-31 (30.5-38). B-6.5 (5.7-6.6). 8—3.5 (3.3-4.2).\n\nV-14.\n\nFive females, Sozan, Formosa, overflow from a sulphur spring. Temperature where collected 35° C.\n\nLength: 0.47 (0.43-0.52) mm.\n\na-28.2 (25-31). B-6.2 (5.3-6.6). 8—2.9 (2.2-3.3).\n\nV-11.5.\n\nThe cuticle is smooth, with few bristles irregularly arranged. The anterior end bears eight submedial and two lateral setæ and six papillæ. The mouth opening is somewhat triangular. The pharynx is long and in its distal part wider than proximally where it considerably decreases in diameter.\n\nSupplement No. 1, 1932,\n\n102",
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    {
        "id": 533103,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "page_number": 77,
        "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "content_text": "24 \n\nR. HOEPPLI and H. J. Chu, \n\nThe wider distal part is armed with one small dorsal tooth and two small subventral ones. The circular amphids are at the level of the proximal end of the pharynx. The nerve ring encircles the middle of the esophagus. There is a well-developed bulb without valves at the proximal end of the esophagus. The excretory pore opens just behind the nerve ring. Three cardiac glands are distinctly visible. \n\nThe caudal gland consists of three large cells; the tubular outlet is short; the tip of the tail exhibits a slight knob-like swelling. \n\nThe new species is well-characterised by the number of setæ at its anterior end, the shape of the pharynx and the presence of three small teeth. It is named after Ginling College, Nanking. \n\nMonhystera filiformis var. fukienensis n. var, \n\n(Pl. II, Figs. 8-10). \n\nDiagnosis: Characters of M. filiformis Bastian, 1865, but the new variety has eight submedial setæ at the anterior end. \n\nNo males found. \n\nTwo females, Changchow, bath-house, wall of the well 13 feet above the water; water temperature 48.5° C. \n\nDescription: \n\nLength: 0.47 (0.46-0.48) mm. \n\nK-31.5 (31-32). B-5.8 (5.5-6.1). 8-3.6 \n\nП-2. \n\nCuticle smooth. The anterior end with six papillæ and eight submedial and two lateral setæ. The mouth cavity is small without teeth or other special structures. The circular amphids are located a distance of about twice the diameter of the anterior end behind the mouth opening. The nerve ring encircles the middle of the œsophagus. The latter increases gradually in diameter towards its proximal end. One straight ovary; uterus with one large egg. \n\nVulva behind the middle of the body. The rectum is short, the spinneret a short tubular outlet. \n\nDiploscapter coronata (Cobb), 1893. \n\n(Pl. 10, Fig. 7; Pl. 11, Figs. 14, 15 and 16). \n\nNo males found. \n\nEight females, Changchow, one spring. From the wall of the well five feet above the surface of the water. Water temperature 39° C. \n\nLength: 0.33 (0.31-0.34) mm. \n\n-15.7 (13.8-16.2). B-3.2 (3.0-3.2). 85.3 (5.2-6.0). \n\nn-8. \n\nThe cuticle has a fine transverse striation; we did not find lateral membranes as described by de Man. The amphids are oval and posteriad open. \n\nPage 103\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist Supplement \n\nNo. 1. \n\nPlate 11, Figs. 8-17. \n\nPRINTED BY S.C.M. POST. \n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist. \n\nPage 104",
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        "page_number": 78,
        "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "content_text": "Free-Living Nematodes from Hot Springs in China and Formosa. 25\n\nAphelenchus parietinus Bastian, 1865.\n\n(Pl. 12, Fig. 27).\n\nOne male from Changchow, wall of the well in a bath-house, five feet above the water. Water temperature 39° C.\n\nLength: 4.46 mm.\n\nα-46. β-7.2. γ-15.3. n-1.\n\nSix females from Foochow, Tang Men Wai Ti Yi Ch'uan (First Spring outside Tang Gate).\n\nLength: 0.43 (0.38-0.48) mm.\n\nα-35.6 (34.5-36.9).\n\nβ-7.9 (7.7-8.1). γ-9.4 (7.0-11.8).\n\nn-6.\n\nA. parietinus has been carefully described by Micoletzky. Therefore we give only our measurements and the drawing of the anterior end in frontal view (Figure 27). We found a row of six papillae and six minute stiffenings arranged around the spear.\n\nTrilobus allophysis (Steiner), 1919,\n\nThree males and fifteen females, Wen Ch'uan near Peiping. Wall of a stone tank for storing water. Water temperature 34° C.\n\nMales:\n\nLength: 1.0 (0.9-1.1) mm.\n\nα-33.5 (32-34.5). β-5.3 (4.5-5.5). γ-9.1 (8.1-10.1).\n\nFemales:\n\nLength: 1.1 (0.96-1.4) mm.\n\nα-33.3 (31.6-35). β-4.7 (4.4-5.5). γ-7.5 (6.8-10.3).\n\nLarval Forms. Dorylaimus sp.\n\nThree specimens, Tangshan near Nanking, overflow of a hot spring, water temperature where collected about 50° C.\n\nLength: 1.1 mm.\n\nα-20. β-4.7. γ-6.2. Average of three.\n\nTwo specimens, Sozan, Formosa, sulphur spring, water temperature 35° C.\n\nLength: 0.75 mm.\n\nα-35. β-3.6. γ-5.5. Average of two.\n\nMicrolaimus sp.\n\nFour larvae, Changchow, wall of a well, 13 feet above the water. Water temperature 48.5° C. Specimens not measured.\n\nDISCUSSION.\n\nIt is a general conception and has been specially pointed out by\n\nSupplement No. 1, 1932.\n\n105",
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    {
        "id": 533151,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "page_number": 125,
        "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "content_text": "The Chinese Sacred Lily\n\n191\n\nare in the case of the normal form of Narcissus. It is thus apparent that an incalculable amount of painstaking and skilful labour is bestowed upon these creations.\n\nOnly two varieties of the Chinese Sacred Lily appear on the market, one with single flowers and the other with double ones. Forcing experts claim to be able to distinguish, with a fair degree of assurance, the dormant bulbs of the two forms, asserting that the more globular ones produce double flowers. The double-flowered specimens bring a higher price when in bloom, but early Chinese writers on ornamental plants seem to have regarded the single variety more highly.\n\nFUKIEN PROVINCE\n\nCHANGCHOW\n\n炸海\n\nYELLOW MT\n\nΑΜΟΥ\n\nFigure 3. Sketch map of a portion of southern Fukien showing the approximate location of the exclusive area (hatched) where bulbs of the Chinese Sacred Lily are produced.\n\nIt appears that, for some undiscovered reason, the culture of Narcissus bulbs in China is confined to a tiny area to the east of Yellow Mountain (黃山) Wong Shaan, in the vicinity of Changchow (漳州) in southern Fukien. It is said that not more than ten small hamlets have a share in this industry and that it is not profitable to grow the bulbs in any adjacent region. Strange as this seems, one is at a loss as how to explain otherwise the fact that in so many generations the lucrative culture of this plant has not been taken up elsewhere. Many persons of my acquaintance have tried growing the bulbs in soil at Canton, but generally without success. However, Mr. Tong Yau Haang who, with his brother, the Honourable Tong Shiu Yi, has experimented with many ornamental plants both Chinese and exotic, has been able to establish this plant in the open ground in his charmingly natural botanic garden at T'ong Ka Bay near Macao.\n\nMr. Tong says that it flowers beautifully every year for him.\n\nDuring the course of a bamboo hunting trip in southern Fukien in the summer of 1930 the writer passed through Changchow and had the good fortune to be able to spend some time at the home of Mr. Ch'an Muk (陳沐)* one of the leading growers of bulbs of the Chinese Sacred Lily. I was\n\nDecember 1932.\n\n173",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt",
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    {
        "id": 533153,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "page_number": 127,
        "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "content_text": "176\n\n1.\n\nThe Chinese Sacred Lily\n\nLITERATURE.\n\n193\n\nLaufer, B. Sino-Iranica. Field Museum of Natural History Publication No. 201. Anthropological Series, Vol. XV, No. 3 (1919) pp. 427-8.\n\n2. 花鏡一花草頰卷五一陣子訂輯\n\n3. 佩文齋廣群芳譜五十一\n\n4. 群芳譜真部第四冊一王象普藎臣甫纂輯\n\n5. 古今圖書集成一博物彙編一草木典一花部(1056號)及一水仙部(1076號\n\n0.\n\nJ.\n\n-121)\n\nFOOTNOTES.\n\nContribution from Lingnan Natural History Survey and Museum.\n\n1. Professor R. C. Ching discovered a wild species of Narcissus in southern Chekiang and northern Fukien which may prove to be the prototype of the cultivated form.\n\n2. Identification by Dr. E. D. Merrill of specimens in the Lingnan University Herbarium.\n\n3. Cantonese: Shui Sin Fa.\n\n4. The writer has seen bulbs being forced in temporary shallow reservoirs constructed on a village threshing floor by laying bricks end to end with the joints caulked with mud. This arrangement is very inconvenient and is resorted to only by men who cannot afford the usual equipment in the way of movable wooden tubs. Another method once observed, is that of sinking the bulbs in a heap of moist sand and covering its surface with black ash of rice straw (Figure 5).\n\n5. Cantonese: Cheung chau.\n\n6. The writer wishes to acknowledge his indebtedness to Rev. Veenschoten, of Changchow, whose services as interpreter were an indispensible aid during the conversation with Mr. Ch'an Muk,\n\nPlate 26\n\nEXPLANATION OF PLATES.\n\nFigure 1. Photograph showing lateral and vertical view of two Narcissus bulbs secured by the writer at Chang-chow. The upright bulb still retains the mud filling at its base.\n\nPlate 26\n\nFigure 2. Partial view of a temple courtyard where Narcissus bulbs are being forced. The tubs in the foreground contain carved bulbs while those in the background are filled with normal ones.\n\nE Water\n\nPlate 27\n\nFigure 1. bucket and sprinkling can at the right. The bulbs are sprinkled five or six times a day. barrier of bamboo and straw protects the young plants from the north wind.\n\nA\n\nPlate 27 Figure 2.\n\nPlate 28 Figure 1.\n\nPlate 28 Figure 2.\n\nPlate 29\n\nBulbs are sometimes forced by plunging them in sand covered with a layer of black ash of rice straw. Forcer giving detailed attention to a specimen of Haai Chaau Shui Sin.\n\nA tray of partially developed Haai Chaau Shui Sin (Carved, or Crab's Claw Narcissus) showing the domes of cotton.\n\nSingle flowered Narcissus treated as a table plant (p'oon ts'oi)\n\nDecember 1932.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt",
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    {
        "id": 536110,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-542-1 China- traffic in arms 31-10-1932 - 9-2-1934",
        "page_number": 215,
        "title": "CO129-542-1 China- traffic in arms 31-10-1932 - 9-2-1934",
        "content_text": "B.C. COPY.\n\n`26005/1932`\n\nEnclosure in despatch `O.T.\"B\" 297` of `22/12/32` from Commercial Counsellor, Shanghai.\n\n## AEROPLANES IMPORTED INTO CHINA DURING 1932\n\n| Month | By whom imported | Type of machine |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| January |  |  |\n| March | Ministry of War, Nanking | Canton |\n|  | Canton | Canton |\n| June | Canton | 11 |\n|  | Kwang si | #1 |\n|  | Kwangsi | # |\n|  | Kwangsi | 11 |\n|  | Kwangsi | Canton |\n|  | Kwangsi | 11 |\n|  | Kwangsi | IT |\n|  | Kwangsi | #1 |\n|  | Kwangsi | # |\n|  | Kwangsi | TI |\n|  | Kwangsi | 11 |\n|  | Kwangsi | # |\n| July | Kwangsi | 11 |\n|  | Kwangsi | Kwangsi |\n|  | Changchow | Changchow |\n|  | Changchow | Changchow |\n|  | Amoy | Amoy |\n|  | Mukden | Mukden |\n|  | Eurasia Aviation Corpn. |  |\n| August | Hangchow |  |\n|  | Nanking |  |\n| September | Hangchow | B 1 Puss Moth |\n|  | Kaifeng | B 3 A W.XVI |\n|  | Hainan | #1 |\n|  | Kwangsi | 6 Avians |\n|  | Szechuen | \" 3 Atlas II |\n|  | ?? | \" 3 A W.XVI |\n|  |  | \" 1 Avian |\n|  | Date uncertain | \" 1 Type 621 |\n|  |  | \" 1 Wapiti |\n|  |  | \" 4 Avians |\n|  |  | \" 3 Wapiti |\n|  |  | \" 3 Atlas II |\n|  |  | \" 2 A W.XVI |\n|  |  | 1 Cutty Sark |\n|  |  | \" 2 Avians |\n|  |  | \" 2 Type 626 |\n|  |  | # 6 Avians |\n|  |  | \" 4 Type 626 |\n|  |  | M |\n|  |  | 2 Avro VI |\n|  |  | \" 3 AvianS |\n|  |  | \" 5 Type 621 |\n|  |  | \" 5 Type 626 |\n|  |  | \" 2 Junkers |\n|  |  | A 4 Fleet Planes |\n|  |  | A 1 Ryan B-5 with wright J.6 300 h.p. engine |\n|  |  | A 11 Fleet aeroplanes |\n|  |  | B 3 AW.XVI |\n|  |  | * 1 D.H.9 |\n|  |  | \" 5 Avians |\n|  |  | F 5 Potez 25 |\n| October/ |  |  |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-542-1 China- traffic in arms 31-10-1932 - 9-2-1934.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 536251,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-542-12 Smuggling from Hong Kong into China 21-1-1933 - 21-8-1933",
        "page_number": 44,
        "title": "CO129-542-12 Smuggling from Hong Kong into China 21-1-1933 - 21-8-1933",
        "content_text": "44 \n\nknowledge where the Anti-Japanese Boycott Association at Changchow were discovered to be smuggling dutiable articles from Formosa. The shipping companies feel that they are peculiarly vulnerable and that fines are being levied on them with no regard to justice, but with the object of inducing them to use such influence as they may possess with the Hong Kong Government to secure the establishment of an elaborate and costly preventive service, which shall work on behalf of the Chinese Customs, and be, in effect, ancillary to them. They would not, I think, be averse to some improved method of control of outward cargoes, if only to relieve them of the expense and trouble to which they are being put at present, but they make no secret of the fact that they feel that they are in the meanwhile being victimised, and that the blame for this state of affairs rests with the higher authorities of the Customs.\n\nI have, etc.,\n**(Signed) E.W.P. Mills, Consul**",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-542-12 Smuggling from Hong Kong into China 21-1-1933 - 21-8-1933.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 536305,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-542-12 Smuggling from Hong Kong into China 21-1-1933 - 21-8-1933",
        "page_number": 98,
        "title": "CO129-542-12 Smuggling from Hong Kong into China 21-1-1933 - 21-8-1933",
        "content_text": "## Statement of Fines, Duty and Surtax in respect of Unmanifested Cargo &c. discovered on board C.N.Co.Ltd. Steamers.\n\n| Date | Vessel | Amount | Nature of Fine |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 15. 1.32 | \"Changchow\" | H.K.Tls. 500.00 | 18 clothing and dyes concealed in after deck house. |\n| 13. 5.32 | \"Huichow\" | 150.00 | Goods found in various places in hold. No.3 Compradore offered bribe to Customs Officers. |\n| 15.5.32 | \"Chungking\" | 140.00 | Copper Coins found in Forecastle and No. 2 Compradore's cabin. Bribe offered by Compradore. |\n| 19.6.32 | \"Sinkiang\" | 2,500.00 reduced to 1,000.00 | Ivory and other articles found in specially constructed hides. |\n| 8. 7.32 | \"Fatshan\" | 100.00 | Articles concealed in various parts of ship. |\n| 24. 8.32 | \"Kingyuan\" | 200.00 | Sugar, cotton yarn and piece goods concealed in various parts of crew's quarters. |\n| 22.10.32 | \"Kiungchow\" | 200.00 | sugar etc. carried by a sailor in saloon alleyway. |\n| 3.11.32 | \"Fatshan\" | 120.00 | Piece goods, sugar and sundry goods discovered in crew's quarters. |\n| 1.12.32 | \"Shantung\" | 120.00 | ... |\n| 1931/1932 | Sundry S/S | 1,762.00 | Fines under H.K.$100 on 44 occasions. |\n|  |  | G.U. 1,234.03 | Duty & Surtax collected on 50 occasions in respect of unmanifested goods. |\n| **Total** |  | **(H.K.$ 4,292.00 (G.U. 1,234.03))** |  |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-542-12 Smuggling from Hong Kong into China 21-1-1933 - 21-8-1933.txt",
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    {
        "id": 552831,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-560-15 Traffic of arms to China 18-2-1937 - 15-11-1937",
        "page_number": 152,
        "title": "CO129-560-15 Traffic of arms to China 18-2-1937 - 15-11-1937",
        "content_text": "# CANTON ISOLATED\n## Railways Cut by Japanese Bombers\n\nHONG-KONG, OCTOBER 14.\n\nThe last link between Hong-Kong and Canton was severed to-day when Japanese bombers bombarded the Kowloon (Hong-Kong) -Canton railway, and blew up the telephone lines near the border of the Hong-Kong new territory. With the river completely blocked, Canton is now cut off by sea and land from Hong-Kong.\n\n| Location     | \n|--------------|\n| KIANGGI      |\n| Yenping      |\n| FUKIEN       |\n| Foochow      |\n| Lungyenchor  |\n| Changchow    |\n| Amoy         |\n| KWANGTUNG    |\n| Canton       |\n| Kowloon      |\n| Hongkong     |\n| FORMOSA      |\n| Swatow       |\n\n## MILES 150 RAILWAYS\n\nThe authorities are unable to state when the railway will be repaired. Meanwhile Japanese bombing continues. -Press Association Foreign Special.\n\n## AIR RAIDS ON NANKING\n\nNANKING, OCTOBER 14. Nanking had two more visits from Japanese bombers to-day. Fires were started near the aerodrome arsenal.- Reuter.\n\nPage 152 \nManch. 11! \nGharshan \n137x",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-560-15 Traffic of arms to China 18-2-1937 - 15-11-1937.txt",
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    {
        "id": 556209,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-564-6 Typhoon- reports of damage- etc 9-9-1937 - 6-11-1937",
        "page_number": 30,
        "title": "CO129-564-6 Typhoon- reports of damage- etc 9-9-1937 - 6-11-1937",
        "content_text": "SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST. FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 1937.\n\n31\n\n12\n\nYeast-Vite\n\nBATTLE FRONT AT LIUHO\n\nATTACK BY CHINESE\n\nmeans Vigour\n\nBY TAKING YEAST-VITE you can benefit TO-DAY! You can gain and enjoy the exhilarating, energetic sensation of healthful zest. You will feel in good spirits instead of being depressed.\n\nTiredness is banished, cold and chills speedily relieved, the blood enriched and the nerves made strong and steady by the powerful vitamin nutrition of this SAFE and CERTAIN cure for Depression and common ills.\n\nYEAST-VITE IS LIFE.\n\nThe speedy benefit you experience is simply the natural outcome of the pure medicinal Yeast, Vitamins, especially Vitamin \"B\", and other valuable tonic ingredients which are in every YEAST-VITE TABLET.\n\nYeast-Vite TONIC TABLETS\n\nA pure Medicinal Yeast which contains no drugs.\n\nObtainable everywhere.\n\nSale Agents: Gilman & Co., Ltd. Hong Kong.\n\nYEAST VITE TONIC TABLETS\n\ne Lightrung Pick-me-up\n\nNow & Wonderful PURE YEAST, The atmord of VITAMINS\n\nuntain Natnag Hampt\n\nYEAST-VITE To Aid War Wounded\n\nLABORATORNST WATFORD, EMBLAND\n\n3APBI\n\nThe Hongkong Chinese Women's Soldiers' Relief Association Invites Contributions of Money and Material\n\nHeadquarters: Office of Chinese Estate Co., Ltd., First Floor, China Building.\n\nTHE SHUI HING HING CO. GENERAL PROVIDERS 187-195 DES VOEUX ROAD CENTRAL\n\nSale STILL PROCEEDING REAL BARGAINS IN EVERY DEPARTMENT\n\nGUERLAIN PERFUMERY IN FULL ASSORTMENT JUST RECEIVED ALL PRICES REDUCED SPECIALLY\n\nLIU SHALIMAR\n\nSETTLEMENT WAR ZONE REMAINS UNCHANGED\n\nCITY HOSTILITIES\n\nSerious Fighting Near Jukong Wharf\n\nALL LINES UNALTERED\n\nTIENTSIN FRONT\n\nJapanese Now Think Their Forces Sufficient\n\nTENSION RELIEVED\n\nPaoting, Sept. 1.\n\nJAPAN'S POLICY\n\nGovernment Asked To Clarify Its Attitude\n\nAPPEAL BY POLITICIANS\n\nLondon, Sept. 2. According to military intelligence received here to-day, 1,000 Japanese attached to artillery units left Tientsin to-day for Yangliuching, about 20 miles west of Tientsin.\n\nShanghai, Sept. 1. A message from Tokyo states that a full inquiry into the objectives of Japan's action in China, and clarification of the Government's purpose was recommended at a meeting of the Seiyukai (Conservative) Party by three of its leaders.\n\nEight leaders urged that the party make its aims in China more precisely known and establish a firmly-defined objective.\n\nAnother detachment of the Kwangtung Army arrived in Tientsin to-day and are being billeted in the Palitan barracks. Central News.\n\nNERVOUSNESS IN SOUTH AT FEAR OF AIR RAIDS\n\nMORE REINFORCEMENTS\n\nMain interest in the Shanghai war is centred on the fighting on the Woosung-Liuho front, where the Japanese officially claim the occupation of Lion Forest Forts on the coast about 10 miles beyond Woosung.\n\nThere was heavy fighting at Liuho and Woosung yesterday, when the Chinese launched a counter-attack against the Japanese at Lotien. Chinese reports say that a Japanese attempt to take Paoshan, north of the Woosung fort, was repulsed after a severe engagement in which hundreds of the invaders were killed.\n\nFive Japanese transports and a supply ship arrived at the Japanese wharves in the eastern district of the International Settlement on Wednesday night and landed men and material in darkness. The Japanese deny the landing of Manchukuoan troops.\n\nChinese leaders are confident of winning the war after a long and bitter struggle. Mr. T. V. Soong says that Japan is destined to find China a morass in which the Japanese armies will sink the further they drive inland. He predicts that all the $500,000,000 Liberty Bonds will be taken up within three months.\n\nBaulked by the Tientsin Consular Body in their attempt to take over the Chinese telegraph service in Tientsin, the Japanese military authorities have established their own cable service connecting Peiping and Manchukuo.\n\nThere is still much nervousness in Canton, Fukien and Kiangsi regarding possible Japanese air raids. The Canton Government has ordered all passage-towboats, launches and motor boats to avoid the bund and to anchor in the inner harbour near the foreign gunboats.\n\nThe Japanese and Chinese lines within the Settlement war zone remained unchanged yesterday despite occasional and severe exchange of fire in various sectors.\n\nTWO FOREIGNERS SHOT\n\nShanghai, Sept. 1 (9 p.m.). Crack Chinese troops are now pouring into Yuehpu, a small town about a mile and half north-west of Liuying Bridge, Road in Chapei.-Central News.\n\nDesperate Battle\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (4 p.m.). Fighting Spreads\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2. Japanese troops were landed at the Jukong Wharf early yesterday morning, deploying out in a wide area. Fighting broke out immediately in the vicinity.\n\nAt 6 o'clock in the morning, a detachment of Japanese attacked Chinese entrenched at the Far Eastern Race Course, a mile west of the Jukong Wharf. The attack was intended to cover operations by a Japanese engineering corps to bridge the creeks at Kuanyinchai and Wang-chiachai nearby, but when the Chinese discovered their ruse, promptly shifted their positions and commenced a brisk fire in the new region, foiling all attempts to build the bridges.\n\nA party of Japanese advanced on Luchiachai, about half a mile north of the International Settlement boundary near the riverfront late in the morning. The Chinese troops stationed there withheld fire until the Japanese had moved unsuspectingly into a semicircle of Chinese troops, at which time the Chinese opened fire from all sides, killing a large number and forcing the remnants of the Japanese party to disperse.\n\nAt about the same time, another party of Japanese attacked the Chinese lines at Kuanyintang, about 1,000 yards south-west of the Jukong Wharf, but the Chinese held firm and forced the attackers to retire after a short skirmish.\n\nFollowing the landing of Japanese regulars who have taken over the Yangtsepoo area yesterday, the marines who have been holding Japanese positions in the area have been shifted to the Hongkew sector.-Central News.\n\nChinese Concentration\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (11.20 a.m.). A Japanese spokesman said the Japanese had silenced the Chinese shelling of Hongkew from Chapei.\n\nThe Japanese dropped nine shells within half an hour on Paoshan Road in Chapei district, where it is reported there is a Chinese concentration following the arrival of heavy reinforcements. United Press.\n\nPositions Unchanged\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (4.07 p.m.). There was a severe exchange of fire in sectors around Shanghai, where the Chinese and Japanese lines are still unaltered.-Reuter.\n\nREINFORCEMENTS\n\nPaoshan and a mile south of Lion Forest Fort.\n\nFresh Japanese Landing In\n\nTientsin, Sept. 2. Japanese troop movements to North China have been virtually completed, the leaders believing them strong enough for any exigency.\n\nThe number of Japanese forces in North China is estimated at 120,000, and is possibly more.\n\nThe suspension of reinforcements has eased the tension in the concessions where Japanese conduct has caused frequent protests.\n\nThe British concession is strengthening the outer barricades despite Japanese assurances that troops will avoid the British concession.\n\nFIGHT TO THE END\n\nTIENTSIN\n\nJapanese Establish Their Own Cable Line\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2. \"Christian General\" Visits the Front\n\nLEADERS CONFIDENT\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (4.11 a.m.). A visitor to the Chinese front line yesterday was Marshal Feng Yu-hsiang, the \"Christian General\" and vice-Chairman of the National Military Affairs Commission in Nanking.\n\nHe told interviewers that the Chinese would fight to the bitter end for the sake of world peace and China's own existence. He paid a tribute to the Chinese commanders, who he said were mindful only of their \"divine duties.\"\n\nA Bitter Struggle\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (3.37 p.m.). In an interview, Mr. T. V. Soong said that China is doomed to a long and bitter struggle, but he predicted that she will eventually be victorious.\n\nHe said peace will come when Japan realises that she is in a lane that has no turning. \"Even before the war, Japan's finances were tottering from the burdens of militarism. Her huge expenditures now merely accelerate the inevitable. She is destined to find China a morass in which the Japanese armies will sink the further they drive inland.\"-Reuter.\n\nPEIPING POSITION\n\nJapanese Putting Up New Gun Emplacements\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2. Reports from North China say that Peiping is daily becoming more impregnable with gun emplacements on permanent foundations replacing the earlier hasty defences.-United Press.\n\nKALGAN OCCUPIED\n\nJapanese Line Extends To Sea Front\n\nCANTON AIR RAID\n\nJapanese Plane Blown Up By Own Bomb\n\nCHINESE COMMENDED\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2.\n\nCanton, Sept. 1. A bitter land, sea and air battle is being waged at Paoshan, known as the world's smallest walled city, where the gallant Chinese garrison, although cut off from other Chinese lines in and around Shanghai, has withstood for 10 hours the troops where needed.-United Press.\n\nBig Push Imminent\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (4.11 a.m.). The setting for Japan's prospective big push on all fronts in the Shanghai and Woosung and Woosung areas is being completed.\n\nYesterday's fighting, though severe, was regarded only as a curtain raiser.-Reuter.\n\nPaoshan Not Captured\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (10.29 a.m.). The Chinese admit the loss of Woosung village, but deny that the Japanese have captured Paoshan\n\nReuter.\n\nHeavy Japanese Casualties\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2. The 2,000 Japanese troops who landed in the vicinity of Woosung Fort yesterday made a frantic attempt to take Paoshan, but were repulsed after a severe engagement. Several hundred Japanese are reported to have been killed and injured.\n\nHARI-KARI HEROES\n\nIt is also disclosed to-night that 2,000 Japanese landed last night around Woosung Village and the Woosung Fort area. Central News.\n\nPROPERTY DAMAGED\n\nOn Mills Suffer\n\nSettlement Landing\n\nShanghai, Sept. (4.11 a.m.).\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (7.30 p.m.)\n\nChinese quarters regard the disembarkation of Japanese troops in the eastern district of the Settlement as a confession of poor success at attending the landing operations on the Liuho-Woosung coastline and assert that the presence of the Japanese troops is final confirmation that the Japanese are using the Settlement as a base of operations.\n\nBesides munitions and other war material the Japanese also landed in this section of the Settlement four and six-inch guns mounted on caterpillars.-Reuter.\n\nThree Japanese Divisions\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2. Three Japanese divisions, representing the crack troops of the Japanese Army, have arrived in Shanghai during the last few days, it was revealed to-day.-Central News.\n\nPush Towards Lotien\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (11.20 am.). A Japanese military spokesman said that the Chinese were attempting retaliation. However, the Japanese repulsed them.\n\nManchukuo Troops\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (11.20 a.m.). A Japanese spokesman said that Japanese troops were landing daily in Shanghai and its vicinity. He denied the presence of Manchukuans.\n\nBOMBERS IN ACTION\n\nSpectacular Japanese navy and air forces were fiercely attacking Paoshan, which the advance guard reached yesterday.-United Press.\n\nSevere Engagement\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (4.07 p.m.). Heavy fighting is reported at Liuho and Woosung to-day when the Chinese launched a counter-attack against the Japanese at Lotien. They met with resistance from the air, land and sea.\n\nAt Nightfall\n\nUnloading in Darkness\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (4.07 p.m.). During the night five Japanese transports and one supply ship arrived at the Japanese wharves in the eastern district of the International Settlement and unloaded men and material in darkness.-Reuter.\n\nPOOTUNG SHELLED\n\nChinese Artillery Duel With Warships\n\nShnghai, Sept. 2 (4.11 a.m.). Warfare has laid Woosung in ruins. Among the buildings demolished are the Tung Chi University, run by Germans for Chinese students, and the American mortgaged Wing On Cotton mills, owned by British and Australian-born Chinese.\n\nThe bombing of the Tung Chi University was so intensive that even bomb proof dug-outs had to be evacuated.\n\nReuter.\n\nUNIVERSITY DAMAGE\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (7.10 p.m.). Chinese official sources state that the Japanese bombing of Tungchi University at Woosung has caused damage to the extent of $10,000,000 Shanghai currency.\n\nPeiping despatches reported that American marines have been assigned to protect the Yenching University, 10 miles from Peiping, which is closely linked with Harvard.--United Press.\n\nTALES OF HEROISM\n\nJapanese Slaughtered By Big Sword Corps\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (10.29 a.m.) Both sides recount stirring tales of heroism in yesterday's fighting in the Shanghai area. The Chinese say many Japanese were slaughtered by parties of troops who make sorties in the night with their famous big swords-Reuter.\n\nSESSION POSTPONED\n\nShanghai, Sept. 2 (7 p.m.). Amidst gorgeous, yet most ominous sunset skies, red splashed behind black clouds washing back from the Hongkong typhoon, four Japanese bombers gave Shanghai spectacular good-night when they carried out a reconnaissance on the Shanghai front, after which in rapid succession they power dived over the Markham Road railway yards, dropping 11 bombs, each of which flashed red amidst the smoke and debris, setting a long string of conflagrations which lit up the black night already aflame by a line of fires half a mile at Yangtszepoo.\n\nThe Shanghai fires eclipsed in brilliance, the flames illuminating Lotien, Liusong, Woosung, Paoshan and Lion Forest Forts.-United Press.\n\nShipping Precaution\n\nYesterday government ordered all the passage-boats, launches and large motor vessels to leave the Bund. They are now in the inner harbour. Thus they are all in close proximity to the foreign gunboats, and the Bund is not so likely to be bombed, which would be sure to cause great loss of life. Our Own Correspondent.\n\nRAID OVER KIANGSI\n\nJapanese Bomb Misses Telegraph Office\n\nCanton, Sept. 1. After finishing their work in Canton the Japanese planes made for Pingyuan in Kiangsi. They were after the telegraph office and one bomb was directed at it, but it missed entirely, striking a road and killing one peasant. Our Own Correspondent.\n\nATTACK ON FUKIEN\n\nOne Japanese Aeroplane Downed at Changchow\n\nFoochow, Sept. 1. One of the Japanese planes which took part in the air raid on Changchow on August 31 was shot down south of Lungyen, it was disclosed to-day. Central News.\n\nAircraft Carrier\n\nCanton, Sept. 1. At noon yesterday six Japanese bombers come from the big carrier that is lying off Nanao near the Fukien border of Kwangtung. When two bombs were dropped into the Magistracy office at Chaoling the back part of the Magistracy was blown in. Six guards were injured-Our Own Correspondent.\n\nPage 30\n\nPage 31",
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